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WORK S
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• OF
>(^^
FLAVIUS JOSEPHUS,
T 11 U
* LE/VRNED AND AUTHENTIC JEWISH HISTORIAN
AND CELEBRATED WARRIOR. ■
THREE DISSER'TATIONS,
" '* ■ " " ■ -. ■ ' . ■ '■:■■■. ■ '
• CONCERNING
■' JESUS CHRIST, JOHN THE BAPTIST, JAMES THE JUST, GOD'S
COMMAND TO ABtt.4HAM,&c. '
AND
EXPLANATORY NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS
TRANSIATED Br
WILLIAM WIIISTQ\, A. M,
PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBKIDiiE.
COMPLETE IN ONE VOLlfMEi.
WITH PORTRAIT AND ENGRAVINGS
/KINGSTON, U. C.
PUBLISHED BY N. G. EHfS.
■■..■■.■1844 ■.'
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OCT It.
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TlfE
LIFE OF FLAVniS JOSFJ»HUSi
\ 1. TilErmiiily riiiiii nhii'li Inm ilirivcil Hnnt
iih i{i[ni)hrr oiii', hut lifilli iN wi'imcIiiI nil iilmix Irciui
tht> |irM"*t«; itnil »* iinlulit}' itniniif:; ifi'\iYurpoii|ilir
>• ic ni H, il'iJli rent nrt^iii. fti), tvil|> il*t t" l>ti ,ol ilii;
Hiii'i't'tlntiil iliunll} , i" itri imlicfition ol' ll|t* ii|iji')i-
(lur i>r II litniilv. i\<>w, I Hill not lyily ii|iriiii;(
iniiii II HiitiMjiluHit rniiiilt in );• li< ml, liiit iVtiiil IlK'
tlr»l ol tliulivi ntv-finir • r(inr«i'»,*iiii(l h« iiiiiwiip;
»>• tliirc (< not mil) ii ruiniilrriililc ililli r< iii'ir In .
*f«r.vnMiii! fmnily III' <nHi roiinn. iiml iiuuthiT, I
iiiii iif ll.i! cliicl Viiiiiily i>r Hi«t lir«t niiiTiH- irlvi;
iiiiy, liirtlKi', III my niutlitr I i\iii ijl: (lir niy^ij
LlAdil ! I'(ir till' rliiliiri!/i tif A*'ni"iM iii., IriMii u liixii
lltiit tiiiiiily ivii'iili'i'ivc'il, liiitl lioiU till' iillii'i III jhr
ImiiIi |)pi»ntliiMil, mill till' ilii;iiily i,( n Uinj:, lor ii
Ion;; liiiiiitiiKitlur., I mil: iii'ci.r(llli;;lv 'it ilnun
nil |iioj(riill(rr»'(Mn(diT. My (frnii(ll';itli< I'^rillirr
'iiH ii;iiiiiil Sim*il,-«I|h tl^H' iiihliliii|i iil' r«iUiii<;
Unit tnii ol' Minifli
lix liii'.li pi'iriUw
^.
lie livid ijit llir viimtHhuajHlli tini
jUvJ/\i;U |iri<»l, ulioi<ltr»L7?rTttl llir i,i:;ii pin-.u,
nn umiiiil llv?)qi)H»/%'l7ii^,«to<i(i r-illii< IhhI
iiini- »(iin, omi i)( S-1iiiiir-«!vrjtirtilii,is, mlli/v
'KfJiliiH^f III. pinHli|.(l*llir (IJiri-hlii- 1,1 .lmi;il)/ii
till: liisli (Jrii -e»\v'iii-.li .1
tlichir^ol' As iinoiii'in,
>viii tlid IVrntliur iil' Sim
'IMii. \l,.itl.f^.^ I....I .. .
iii.-ifliaii uiiA till' liiyt 111
lio iviu loxH(iriiy,' iiii.l
y ii liir liic.'li |irii«T iiUo.
rtiiH .\I;iltl)iiiH bail II mill ralliil .\l:,ltliiii/(','iir|ii^
Hiiil tliiit in liiv lir-t yi'iii-iir llio.pivi-rniiii lit of
11) ri-r.niu; |ii< hiii'h iiaijit! iva< ..^ll^rIlll, li'Viai in
(lit- niulh .K'lir (rfllirrrijiH ol' Alr\anclri; 1,i< hoii
AlalUii.n ivds iiorii in (,li.' Imlh yi ai- ol' tin- n i;,'n
III' Airlii-liiii<; a, ivn, I li.ini to' M ,((|,j„, ,,ii )('„•
I'r-t y<:4iV oT Ihi- n i(;ii olCaLin ,(',,..„ r. I Ij^ivi'
tlirii- 9111111 ; UvrniiiiK, (hi: .lilci, vVas lioni on
tlir loiiPtli yi iir ol lliit iiajtnpl' \ r-]ia»iai|5 jis Ha.«
JinlHS born on tli«i (KVinth, nml Auiijipa on tli^i'
niivlli. '4'liiii [i^\i- 1 mt down tin ;;i iiinliijvv J<f
nil laniily, in 1 liavf lonnil i» ili»riilj|.il f in" tJi,.
piihljc iri;oiit«, mill -o liiil ailim to llio'O; jHio
lalmiiniati: ini;, las of ii loivir oii-iiial.J '
Z Now my liilhrr iMatlliian «a« i;.»( onfv iiui-
ni'iil on accoMiit of liis noliilily, hut liad.ii liijlnr
ionmiiinlalion on iiiToi.nl ol'liii ii;ihlfoii!.m,'«<,
iiiiil \va< in Ri-iat ri'|inlalioii in Ji liitaliui, ilio
(•.rfat<!it liJy nr luivi'. I \va» iiiysi l^'^hroufflil up
with my hrollii r, wlioii- ii:miii nin Alaltliias, lor
lie was niyoivii brotlicK, liy hot!) father imil iny-
• W« ihay h™™ cnrriTt the rrror of tliKI.alin rony
of tlipwcoiii) hook neniiist Apioii.«rt. -xk {lor tlui
r.rcpk m iliiri! lost) tthirli nays tlcin «crM1ii-ii only
tuiir Inlicn or roursca ol' tim pfliwlii, (iHli-nil of twrnly-
tour.— Niir III rhiittiitlnioiiy to lnMlisri't-iinli'il^as itJo-
iiiplaisilinrocoiitrnillrli-il what ho liail nirirniiil liw'c,
Iwcau'P fvon llio ncpoiint Ihcri! iiivtii, hotter acrrin to
iwnily-lciiir than to four couniin', wliilp liii siiys tliiit
ear Ii 111 lliCKfioiirscscoiitniiioilaiinvi' .'il^Ut ii)cn. wlilrh
niultiplliil liy only four, will iiinkR not iiiori' iliaii 'JIUHJO
prie!«a;whnmm thcnnmlicr tit)tm, im niiilliiilinl hy
B I, scorns murh tho most p-oli»lili!, llioy liciiia nliout
oii(!tintli of thi-whotp iwopfn.evcn alU'rttio raptivilv.
Hi'o Kr.ra n. :Ti— ;i!l. Nth. vii.:)<)— 12. IK'd.v.'M •>■;
with Eirn ii. til. Nnli, vii. fifl. 1. Ks,l. v. 41. ^or will
tlili> rominou rradin» or nothin of hut Ihiir riiitr8i.|i of
prlMt.-!, agrfo with Joncphus's own farther nsscrlion
clspwhcrc. AnlliJ. h. vlJ. ch. jtiv. sect. T. that Daviil's
partition of the priests into twenty four courses hail
fontinupiltnthnrdny.
f An einincnt i-janiple of the o aro of th« Jow» nlwiit
tlicir ffencalojlM. cs|i€(ially ns to the priests, gee font.
Ap- Ki, ch. 7.
4 When Joscphus lit re wyg.thnt frniiinixlcca to nlno-
ihiTi nml I iiimh' minh/y fiVnliCirnfy in lh»ii»«
itrovinii iitK III niy K^ririnif, ajnl uppiarcil la
liavf hotli II ^'rrat iifinu)') "ml iniili V-taiiilin){,
Morion r, uliiii I )<ai> u i lillil, aiitl iihoHi Innr-
ti li) yiiiri of n((i , I (v»« roniiiu ikIiiI hy alt tor
4hi' rrni' I hail ('•Uitjimuic on whic-h ni'toiinl tin
liiic'' |ir>i »ls aiiil/jiriiH nial iiii'n of thi' rity raiiiu
till n 111 i(inntlv/lii'nif lo^ilhir, iimrilrrlo know
my o|iiiiion liliiinj'ihn iii ruriiti' niiilir-taiiiling of
|ioiiit</if Ih/ la»v. Anil whin I was uhont six-
(iin yiars Alil, I Innl a piinil hi iiiakr trial of ilia
si viral «i/tn. iHut nifv uiuoiik us. Thrso ucU
nil' tliriVi Ihii'firsl it'tliat of tin l'liari«ii», thu
«iia.mMhat i^ |h(i Saililnii i-s, nml the third Ihut.
ol' tlii/lissiiiK, n« we have IVpipHnllv tohl you;
I or l/thonj(li« that hy thiitiniaiis I ni'i);hl rlimno
tlir/ln»l, if I w< rr oiii'i' iii'nitainlcil ivilh thnii
alK; sol g'lhtrntcil inysilf with iiaril fun-, tnd
1 Vjmlirwint (frjat ililt'irnllialt ami wint through
ii^iV'ii'iir all., Aor iliil I contrnt niysilf with Ihisr
trISils onty; liiit when I was inhirnii'il tluit ono
.<\hWfnfmt«.iv(M Uijniis, Hviil in the ili'strt, wln>
li-irrl no-oihcr clolTiii'i)<'tlmMi)(i;^'w upon tr»«*,anil-
liHil ill. otiur fooil llinn what nT'''>Vt»l''i(j»|Own uc-'
lonl, mill liiithdl hinisilf in n Iil «atir lrVY|V|Mitr
l\,hi(tli liyiii^ht anil hy iliiy, I I orilirti) uttSaftB"'
his i,'1ia-(ity, ( imilnicd him in thoiii- liriiMfejad
('oiilinni'il with limi forthrt'C jiars. { ^<<>VBSi'
Ir.irt iin'oin'iilishcil niy lUsin's,^! rclnrniil mSMo
llr< city, hi'uij; nownlnitcrn yiarsolil, apd hr>|]Kii>
i,;'i ropiliii-t niysilf aix-imliiig to thr rnics of tho
("It of ihi' riiiirisei's, whirh is of kin to (ho <(ct
of thiiehloirs, ps Ihr (irirks lall tlinn.
:>. lint will n 1 was in llii' twiiily-si\tli year of
uiy aj>i., it ha|ipiiUMl thai 1 took a voya(;'« ti>
Klinii-, and this on thr iiiiusion wlilrli I slinll
iioH ili-rrihr. At the (iiiir when I'llk was Jiro-
niralor ol jiiilia, Ihi ro wiriMirtain prii its of
my iiiipiainlami, and irry ixcilhiit person*
lliiy wi re ivhoni on re •mall ami lrjilin(f occu-
sioii he. hiid piit into hoiids, and si'nl lo Home H>
phnil their taiisft hifore {,'iisiir. 'I'liese I wo*
ilrsirojis to proeure deliveranie for, iiiiil that €**'
pe liajjy hi canse I was inlornied tiiat Ihey wira
not iinniinilfnl of piety towards (iml turn under,
(heir, aliliitions, hiit siiiiporled themselves with
liy* uiul nuts.} Atxurdingly I cumu to Rome
tern, or for three yMm, he ipnilc trial of the three
Jewish sells, I iie J'liarisees, llie Hadiliicces, and the En-
sens, ami yet says preseiiil rf In all our roples, that h«
stayed hesides with one iiayTiliilar niweiir.ralk'd ttattua, ■
;t«^ ajr», w,7* AiK, aml/liis Still MViri! he was nlnp-
t«in, the^j is little ro/it/lefi lor his trial of three otlitir
seels I siiiipos*, Hieri./re, that for »r>^ ,ur«,, i»ir* *;«,
the ifld rcailiin! uiiitlit ie t^f «i<t»h uitk Uttm, whirli'
Is ji yery small eniendiAlon.and takes away llie dilliriil.
ty liefore iid. Nut iajtr. Iliiilson's roniorture. hiiiledat
liy Mr. Hall In his \fff:tri'. to tlio dortor's efliiioii of Jo-
sephus, at all iniiirlilialile, that this llaniis, liv thiahis
description, iiiisht well lie a follotver of Johiitlie. Iliip-
lisl, and 'hat from liiin Joscpliiis tnlelil easily iniliilie
8Hrh iioti MIS, as allerward prepared him lo liave'n la-
vorahle ophiion aluiut lesuii Christ himscll', wlio Waa •
attoled to hy John Hie Baptist.
4 We may note here, tliat reliaiouB men amons ths
Jews, or 111 h'ast (hose that were prii-sts were soincllineii
asretirs also, aniL like Uaiiiel and his companions in
nahylon, Dan. I, 8—16. ate iio flesh, hut Jlir. a»d mifj,
*-r. only. This was like tho {ifiif jj-.a, or uilsier"
diets, ofthaChristiao ascetics in rassionwcelc. Cm-
Bt it , ¥ . 1 8 .
/^
Ai
TIIK LIFB OF Vt.kVim JOHHPIIHH,
lhou|b It wtra through ■ tnid numb«r o( hit-
urda bjTM*! for, *• our thlp wm tlrnwncd in
thu Adriatic •*■, wti thai )v«r« in il, liainv aiNiiit
•i» hundrtil in imnilwr, • •"""' l'>r '"ir livn ni
.ha iiigbt; wlicn, ii|H>n tba (ihI a|i|i<«rniii'ai of Ihc
6tf, ami u|Min our iighl nf a •liip ul Cvranat I
umI (oina otb»ri, otgMf in all, by tloi) i pro»i-
danitaiircv»ntcil lh<i r»l, iiiiil wi'Tti tHk«nup irtio
(ha other ibip. Ami wb*u I bml Unit raiHiiml,
and wat coiii« In Dicaarctia, wbirb tb« llafiana
call Kutcub, (h«i:iini)i HCiiuulntwl with Aliliiriui,
ail artor of pla>>t and iiiui'b iM'luvrd bjr M«ru,
but a Jaw b) birth; ihrouKb hi» inlarfM btcanix
known to l'o|i|tck, Cisaar'a wifr, and took I'ara a»
KHin «• |)oii|lil« to cntrciat hrr In procure, that
lh« prirula iniKht bit urt at blmrly. And when,
briiuca lbi> lavor, I hild iibtHinta many pminla
from I'oppia, I rr|urii«d hoina »ga'm.
4. And now I prnnivcd innuvalioni ware al-
ready bttun, and tbnt tlivrr with A Krtiat uiaiiy
very inurTi r|«va(i'd,iit hopfauf a rt^voU from the
Ruiuanji. I tbt-TefOre riiilcaruriil to put a atop
to th«M tuniullUoiu ncnoiii, and perriiudril lh«iii
to change thrlr niinila; and talilli)'r»rt'(liriri;yr>
UKainit whinn it wni tbnt tlicy wvri^ )("ii<K '" "('■ti
uud told thciii that thvy were inlVriur tu tli« Ko-
main not only in inartiul akill, but nUo in good
fortune; ami iteiired llii'ni not raibly, and aflvr
(ha nioit foidiih Minnncr, to briiiK mi the dMnger*
of the moat tf rrible iniachicfi U|i>jn Ihrlrcountry,
upon their funiilin, and upon tbcniKclvoi. And
(hil I aaid with vchciiieut ithortHtimi, brcauai! |
(ureanw thut lh« tinduf audi a war would bis moat
uiifortunnte to ua. Itut I coulil not {lerauade
thcin, for the niadncia of d««p«rii«r men woe
quite loo hard for nic. ' '
5. I waa then afraid, Icat by iiiciilcniini; Ihcae
thinga 10 often, I ahould incur Ihiir Imtrrd and
their auani!L'io;)a, nt if I wi-rv of our iiii-iniea' par-
ty i and aiiuuld run into the dunger of l>ciiig acueil
"by thini, goil aliiiii; ainro ini^y wiru alrrndy
iAliaei»cd -ip-Antonia, whicif wii< the (riladvtj ao
: CO
'I>1''
and tlio iiriiicipnl of thn bund of robbrn win:
I retired into Ihc inner cour^ of the trninlv. Yet
did 1 go out of Ihi: li-iiipli' ugain, after iVlnnnbi'm
put . luy^uealb, wbiii 1 abode ainon)|; the high
prieata and. the chief of thu I'hnriaci'a. Hut no
ainnll fear acizcd upon u* when wn aiiw (be peo-
ple in arm*, while wii ourtilvra knew not wbiit
we ahould do, mid worn not hblit to rr»(niili thi'ir
lediliona. However, un the daiigir wus dircclLr
tilpon'ut, we pretended Uint we were of UieaaM)
opinion with lliem, but only udviaed Ihem to uc
quiet for Ihc pretent, uiid to h t the enemy - go
uwar, alill hoping lliiit (jesaiua [Kloru^] would
not be long; ere he cniiie, and that with great for-
ei and ao put an end to llicac acditiou* procecd-
Og». .
o. nut, upon bia coming and fif^hting, he wni
beaten, and a great many of tlutae that were
with bini fell.. And thiadingruce [which Clcaaiua
with Cetliua] received, becnnie tne calnniily of
our wiiulc. notion; for thoae that were fumi of the
war were ao far elevated with thia auceraa, that
they had bq|)ea of rmnlly conquering the Ho-
niana. Of which war another acca«ion waa niin-
iatered, which irat thia: Those that dwelt in
the neighboring cities of Syria aeized upon auch
Jews as dwelt among theiii, with their wives
and children, and slew them, when they had. not
the least occasion of complaint against tbein:
for they did neither a(tempt any innovation or
revolt Iron) tjle Romans, nor had they giveit any
marks of hatred or treacherous design towards
*It hath been tbouiihtthe niimlicrof Paul and his
eraipanians on ship board. Acts, xxvii- 38- which are
fit in our co|iies,arc too many; whereas we And here
that Joacphus and his coniiMinions, a very few yean af-
tir the utiicr, were about DUO.
t Bee of the War, h. il. ch. xviii. sect. 3.
' t The Jews iniiht rollert thia unliiwfitneaa of Agbt-
ln( aitnlaat their brethren from that liiw of Moaes, Ijeir.
1 1 1. 16 " Tfiou si i al t n o t sta n d a g a ln rt th e h l qu d of thy
Iha Nyriana. Hut what was dona by the inhaM*
taals of Mcythupolia was the niosi imploua aod
highly criminal <if all; f for, when lh« Jews, (hair
enemira. laiiie upon ihelii triim wilbnirt, they
foned ttia Jrwa thai were ainiing Ibeni to bear .
arina acainst thair own countrY^iien, which It t«'
unlawful for ua In do : | ami wneii bv (heir assist-
ance they hall joined battle with Inoie thai at-
tacked them, and had beaten ihrni, after that
victory Ihey forgot Ihe aiauraurrsthev had given
these their fellow-eitltens and riinfi'iferiiles, ami
slew them all, being in number vany (en thou-
aanila | I.I.INN). I 'I'he like iipaerits were undc-
foDe by those Jewa thai were (he Inbabitanl^tf
>aina>cua. liut we have given a iiiurei accural*
account of Ibean things in the books of the Jew-
ish war. I onl) nu'Hlion tbrni now, brsanSc I
wouhl drniOnatrnte to iny readers, that the Jewa
war with 'the Konians was not voluntary, hut
that, for the inain, they were forced Uf neceasily
to enter into il.
7. So when (limiiia bad been beaien, us wa
have anid iilreiHly, Ihe principal nieii of Jerusa*
lem, >eelng that liie.rolAiers and innovators hail
arms in great plenty, uud fearing Uitflhry, whila>
they were unproviilnl with anm, >hould b« in
aub|ection to Iheir iinemiin, which also -came to .
be ihe en<e aflerwanl; und, being ihl'ormeil that .
all (iidib e bull not }et revolted frontthe KomanSi
but tbiit Mime part of il was still ipii^, Ihey sent
mo and two others of the prieati, i^lu) were mei
of eieellenl charactera, Joainr amt Judua, in or-
der ti/piirauiide the ill iiieit there tuluy downlhnir
anna, and to leach Ibein thia leaafin, that it wefw
belter to have tlioSii arms reservitd for Ihe moat
coiirageoiia men thnt Ihe naliim had, [than to b*
kept ill) re;] for thut i'. bad been resolved, that .
Ihniiu our beat men ■hauhl alwaja have (heir arms
reuUy agniiiat futurity, but still ">> that ^hey
ahoubt wait to aee what Ihe Kumans wouhl do.
U. When I hud Ihicrefttrn received Iheae in- ■
atnirlions, I came intti Galilee., ami found Ih*
people J>f Sepphoria in nifaiiuill ngony about their
country, hy'reaaon tluil the (julileaua hud resol-
ved j.Io plunder it, on aCcouiit of Ihe i'ricndabip '
Ihev bad with tin: ItomunS, and becauae Ihty
hall given their riffht bond, and made a lengu*
with Cetliua (jalbia, the preaiilent of Syria.—
Itut 1 ileliven^d lliein all Out of the fear they
were in, und persuuded the, multitude to deal
kindly with tlilm, and permittid them lo send to
thoae Ibiit were their own boatages with (iessiua
to Uoru, which ia a city of l'bi:|iicia, as often as
Ibey nieosed; though I still found thcinhubitaiiU
of 'I'ilierias ready tii lulvu urina, And that on the
occqaion following:
<J. There were three factions in (his city. The
first was conipoaed of men of worth and gravity ;
of theiie Julius Cupelbia was th<^ bead; iNow he.
US null as all bis coili)innioiia, Herod the son of
Miurus, niid llerod the aonof(ianialus,aiidConip«
nus the aim of ('onipMis, (for na lo Ciuupaus' tro-
ther (,'rispiis, who hud unit' been governor of the
city under the great king, } [Agrippa,] he was be-
yond Jordan in bis own posM'saioiis;) all thele
periiona before nniucd gnve their advice, that tite
city should then eonlliiiie in their allegiance m'
the Honinni, amJ to the king, liut rialus, who
was guided by his son J uatua, did not acquiesce
in that resolution; otherwise he was himself nii-
turnlly of a good luid virtuoua characli r, Kut lha
second faction was composed of the most ignobla
I tenons, and was detertliined for war. nut IM'
or Justus, the son of I'istus, who was the head
nci|?lihor;"andtiint,vcr. 17. "Thou stinit not nvenita,
nor beur nay itruilxe ngulnst llic rhIUIreii of Ihy |icenl«; .
but thou Shalt love lliy iierglilKir as thyself;" as well aa
from many other places in the ■'entnleuch and Pt»
nlicts. flee Anttq. b. vlii. rh. vlli, sert. X
Vl'battliis Herod Aerlppii.tliefailicr.wasof old-etll-
eda Nrsaf JTi'n^ as here, iippciirs by his coins still i#
inainlni;; to which llnvcrrainp refers us.
'In
*.i. f n^ 3"-;^j3sria!. -'■^
'I-
^ ih-
•f lh« (hinl'farliim, allKttUKh .
rfniibtfiiJ iinoiil KiMiiK tti war,
ilcilniiidif innovHiiiirt, ■••■■
Km iMiwrr III hliiitplj' by
I tfit'r<i|iir« i»nir Irilu Ihn ........ ,„ .„.„
•ajlr^tunil l» infiiriii (ho iiiiihiliiil«. Thlt "th«
"Atiy nf I'llirrlM hvil fittt Iwrii n rUy of ((nil-
"iKr, linil Ihal in thtf iltjri of llrriMl Ihr Irlriirrh,
"Who hail huill II, ii hkil ohlxinnl tha nrimiiwl
".l!'*'!f • *'"' •''"' '"' ''»'' "fl'-rpil that Ihir riljr
• "Tili^rim J t)Mt Ihry hail iiol |oil thi* hn>-riii^
•♦ nriK-a «-»rJi umlrp Afrrippii Itir falhvr, bql hait
■^ nilainml ll lil Ktlit wan |in>i iiralor of Jiiilca.
"Hill NkImIiI ihfiis that now Ihcy hail barn •»
" unforluoatK a< to bi< iiiailn a prcirnt hy N*m
" lo. Acripiia jmiior: ami that ii|i<iii Si'|i|ihiirt)i'
"tiilmiluioii of ilo'll' to Ihr Koinatia, lUl w«i
"nrroiiin Ihr rapltiil lily of (lalilrp, ami that ihit
" royal Irrnaiiry ami the archivra wrri- now rr-
••niovnl fn>m them." Whrn h« hail (irnkm
thr««. Ihini^t, ami afcrral mnny. ninpr ai;ain>t
Airrlpiin, m unlrr to provokn thr iHopIr lo a r«.
voll, Im KihliMl, That ■• Ihia wna thr liiii« forlhtuii
" lo lakx anna, anil Join with Ihn (iiilijnana aa
"llifir ennfrtieratra, (Vhoiti th»y nii/(ljt eont-
"nMiliI, mill who woiilil now willinKlr niaiat
"Ihrni, oMt of Ih^hnlml Ihry barn lo t"Kr pro
41 »i„ ..I" u I J- I *ir . A .
?\
'^
■,■> III, <>*,» ,■■ iiiv nnirrii mry onrn 10 ii>n nr(
"nir of Scpphoria, Iwraiiifl thry prrarrvril the
" BiliJily lo the Romani,) nml to Kallirr n ((po
" niiHibrr of fori-r« in onlrf lo puiilab thrni."/
Ami, aa he/iiiil Ihit, hn ribortril Ihr niiillili/ilr
rio Ko lo war;;) for hia abililira liiy In niiil>(ni(
haran)(una to thr prnpir, ami in brinK loo h»/il in
hia a|>rri'hra for aiich aa oppoanl liim, thiiunh
thry ailviaril what wqa niorr lo thrir ailvciUairr,
•ml thua by hia rmflinraa ami hia fallar^a, for
hfwaanot iinakilful in thr laarninicof thrfJrt* ka,
ami ill <li'prmlrni<<i on that akill It wna, /th'iit hr
umlrrtiiok lo writr a hiatory of ihrar atlHira, aa
niminn '7 ••>"« way of harBn);utnK ti/ iliaEiiiac
thr tnith. Itnl n« lo thia ninn, and hcAv ill wrrr
hiJ < hiiriirfrr ami roprtuct ill lifr, nTiil how ht-
anil hia hrolhrrwrrr, in a rrmt inraaiirri Ihr i|
thpn of our ilialrmlion, I alinll );iyii thr r(
■an aci-onnt in thr proKfraa of my lUtrrnlinn.
whrn Juatiili hail, by hia i)rraiin«i(inai prrvai
wiUi lh« rlliirna ofTibrriua to liikr anna, nny,
ami hiiil forcril » (frrnl muny »/, |i> do aj^uinai
thrir will, hr wrnt put, and art ihe villnj^ca Ihnt
brIouKril to (Indnra and IlipiiAa on firr; whirh
viHagra wrrr aitualnl on Ihr bitrdrrH of Tilirriaa,
and of thr rrjrion of Scytho
10. Ami thia waa Ihr atu^ Tibrriaa waa now
in. Dut aa for Qiichaln, ila affaira wrre thua:
When John, thr aon of I,evi, anw aonir of hia
ritiipns much rlrvatrd upon thrir rrvolt from
thr Roiilani, h« labored .^to rratruin thrni, ami
ciitrrntrd thrni that thry would krrp Ibrir allr-
Rinnce to thrni. But hr could not K«in his pur-
poar, allhotiRh hr did hia rmlravora lo Ihr iit-
nioat; for ttir nrifrhbariiif; primir of Clndara,
tiabnra, and Sogana, with Ihe 'Fyriaiia, pot to-
prthrr n great army; )4nil /.II upon (liarbnla, and
look rnachaln by force, ami art it on fife; ami
whrn Ihoy had entindv deiiioliahed it, fliry re»
tururd home. Upon wllirh John waa aoenniifMl,
that hr nrinrd all hia men, and joined buttle with
the people forementioned, nmrrrbuilt G|«rhaln
after a manner better than before, ftntl fortilird
.it with walla for ita future aeeiiritv,
■ 11. But (ianiala peracvtred in ita lllreinnce to
the RoniBBa, for the reaion following: Philip the
•on of Jarinioa, who waa their Rovernor under
king Aerippa, had been unexpectedly preaervrd
when the royal palace at Jerusalem had been
beaieged ; but aa he fled nway, had falirn into
another danger, and that waa. of being killed by
Manaheni, and the robbera that were with liihi";
butcertain Babyloniana. who were of hia kin-
dred, and were then in Jrrusulem, hindered the
robbera from eicculing their dealgn. So Phjlip
< ilaiUI of llaiiUla. hr ..nt to aonM of ihota thai
wrrr under hUii. and ■ ninmamlaa ihnn lo ,oma
ohim. Ilu|^;,„| hinla.ll himl»rril that hia l«. .
huiliiin, amlthia lor hja own ndvanUK* alaoi for
ha<l H not vi hapiH-iird, hr had i mainly |M>riah<
'i , *"' ■/*••'•'••"'»''»« 'rued upon him imm«.
illalrly. M wrote to Agfippa aud llrrhicr, aait
ga»r thnii to i>iu> of hia frred mrn |i> carry ihrw
lo Varuaywhoat ihi^ lime waa proruraiop of lh»
khigdoirf, which the king ami hia aiairr had !■. '
Ini.trilyhim wilhal, whilr Ihry were gonr lo Ha-
Ilia »tritb an inlinlion of Hireling Utaaina.—
Vijnia had rn t i««d Ihrar Irtlfra ol, ^bilip,
Irarnril thai hr waa prrarrvrd, he waa '
ig thai •
d hia aiatrr, now
♦rry/iinraay at il, aa aiippoaing |hat hr ahould
<;aruarlraa to thi- king and I
lip waa come, Hr ibrreforr pMdiirrd th<i
■Pir" narlraa to Ihi- king ami
IWp waa come, ||r ibrrefo,., ,„.„,,„,-„ ,„„
cyrwr of thr Irllwa before Iha niMlliliidr, ami
M'cuaril him of forging ihn aaiiir; ami anid, that
Hr apakr lnl.Hy. h|„ i, h. rrliit.Ml (hiit I'hilip waa
it Jrrimilrni, lighling among thr Jrwa againat
thr Kuiiiana. So hr alirw bun. And ivhcn Iha
frrrd man of I'hilip did not ri turn ngiiin, I'hilib
waa doubtful what ahtnild Ii*- Ihr Oi i iiaiiiii of hia
•lay, and anil a an ond niraariigrr with leltrra,
thai hr might, Hjnin hia Tclum, inform hini what
ha«l brfnilen the olhi r Ihnl^iad licrn arnlbrlorr,
and why be tarrird >o tong.*^ Vnnia accnard ihia
liicaarngrr alao. when he came, of Itlling a lalai-
hood,nnd alrw him. Vnr hr waa pulled up by
thr Syriana that were at I'raarrn, and had tffjtt
raprclationai (or Ihry anid that Agrippa would
br alain by the Itoninna for thr rriiiira which the
Jrwa had conimilled, and thai hr aliiiuld liiniarif
lake thr governiiirni, a* drrivrd from llicir king:
for Varua wa», by the ronfr.aiort of all, of <hc
royal fumily, aa bring u diaceiidunt of Sohrinifa,
who hiidrujoyril ii trinmhy about f.ibnmia; for
h\s:h reaai^n it waa that hi. »yaa pulled up, und
l^pl the leltrra lo himatlf, He rontrivrd, ul«o,
i«r"" '"'' "'"K "hwild not m«H.| with thoar wri-
' ninga, by guVriliiig all Ihr pa-ara, Irat fliiy onn
ahould rac«|M', and inform thr king what had
brrfi done. He moreovrr alew niatiy i>f tha
Jrwa, iri order to gratify the Syriana ol Cuarea.
Hr hnd n mind alao to Join wilh the Tniclionilra
in Bnlanea, and to take up anna and miike an lia- '
•ault upon Ihe Kubylnniaii Jewa that were ^t t)c-
batana; for that waa the name Ihry woit by.i—
He therefore cnlird lo him twelve of the Jewa
of Oaarra of llir bent cbaractrr, and ordrred^^
them lo go to Kcbntana, and inform thrir coun-^H
Ipyinriuwho dwelt thrre, lliat Varua hath heard, ^^'
that "you intend to march agniualihe king; but,
" not believing; that report, ho hath aent ua lo '
" perauadr you lo l:i_v down your anna, and that
" thia compliance will br a a1gn that he did well
" not to give credit lo ihoao that raiaed the re- .
" port concerning yon." Hr alao enjoined them
to aeiid aoventy lif their principal men (o maken
defence fur them as to the ac.cuaatiou laid againat
Ijiein. So when thr twelve nieaaengera Cni-.ie to
their countrymen at Kibatana, end found that
they had no ileaigna of innovation ^ all, they
persuaded them to send the aeventy men alao;
who not at all auapecling what *quld conic, a*rnt -^
them accordingly, i^o tlieae aoventy* went down -
to Ceaaiea, tog«'ther wilh the twelve ambaaaa-
dora, where Varus met them with the kijig'a for-
crsi and Blew them nil, together with the [twe|te']
ambaaaadora, and imHle ancxjiedilion agninat the
Jewa of Kcbatana. But there waa one of the
aeventy who f fcapedl, and made haate lo inform
the Jctvaof their coming; upon which they took
* The famoua Jew iah numbera of Twetrt and Barcn-
ty i r a h a r e r e ma rl iali le '. — ^ — — — —
<i
TiiR LiFK or ri.AviuK i*m\mvH.
for Itn nf iha prhirl{Ml m*« «/ lh# •*■«•••, mhI
ft^ <'ii|Mltiit Iht •)in<>( i\nl>llii>, anil iniiiinlllMl
lh» diriiiliir* III Ihdii, Milh ll>l«i hiir|[«, llmt Iha* '
•hoiilil iHirl wtib il III ii'ithitU rl>« Imi« (•> iiijrnll.
►'rum tlwnor I hii<I (ii» l«lli<W'li'gnl»« »»iii !•
OUhnlii l» Jiiliii, «• ili'iiniH* III kiMiw liUtnlaii-
liiVnt. ami •■•On •«•• llial ttm wal lor InmivalioM,
anil liwl a iiiiiiil In Ihr |irlni'i|Mlilx I fur b* il»«i-
rail nnklu (itn liiiii uiit|iiirll)> In larrv iilt 0' A
riirii HliHib ^IoihikI I'' I'lmar, ami Uf-in in*
tlllacra of Ttpiirr lialilaa; an<l lir |ir>twulv>i
Ihul lir lyiililil r^jWHil |»hikl It (ain* In In liulliU
InK Ihr wiilU »( hu <miu lit- lt<'* *>bi n I ufr-
rrlvril whal lia amlriitnriil ul, anil «l<a> !» >>imI '
in liKiiiiiiil, I •alil i wiiiilil mil (Miriiiil linii mvO ,
ilii; for ihal I lliiitiirtil rllhrr Id lirr|i 11 Inr lb*/
bii)t'v».i. ii<i|ii»inla(l wilh Varti" • tlailm, whieb I H.im»n«,iir (»t m*»i It mm I wm hilriwml wiW
*vii» 111 <nl oil Ihii Ji-w" irf I'nana, l>i hik many Ihr |ml.lir alfiil^a llii/a bji lh« ii.ii|il« jil Jrruiif
irnllinuianiU with Ihrir wlvfuanil i hililrm, liiiil | Inli. lliil whin h« wa* nut alili- In iir«»»ll wtlB
all iiiiiiw. .Iii^.hwiiiiljiilliihim r.i|iili'iilii< Mwlliia, i iiif, li"' liilmik hiinirlf In my filliiw '■•«»<••; fur
•aiiil Mill him l<> ha Varin'i •iiiir....r, ii« wk lia»« Ihi* hnil ii.i'.««Hiil)f in iiniviiliiiK |o* liiliiHl>.
liiil atill I'hihji III |il iiomn- I ami wi ri' trry r«i«ily 111 lalir hrilir«. Hii hn nir
Ibrir antu wilb Ihrir *!♦•• •"•• ehihlraa. mil
r*llm( III Ilia I'llAilil al (iainiili), kairlR|( lli>ir
•wn rllUu" lull "» all •'"«« "• «'""• ""<>»•., »»''
ka«ini( iiMiiy liM lh'iM«amK "' lalll* Ihi riin -«-
Whiii I'hili'ti «•« iiiiii'm"' "" fl*^ Ihinu", ha
•III) I'ainr In lhi< i''l««lrl nt Uiiiiialai anil Wrhrp ba
wat roma. lb* niulllliiil' I'rivif iiliiiiil,.a)iil ilialrail
bllll In ratuma iha jrnvrrnfitrnl, ami In makr an
aiiM-illlinn au'lnil Viiru«. ami Iha Syrinn* of ('a-
aarra, Inr M wn> rqiiirli'l Ihallln v luiil ariiiilhr
kin|. Ilal I'hiliji riKlrulm il (iM'ir iral, anil IhiI
Ihriii ill Hilnil III Ihx banvlilv the kinK hail W-
aliiwrii ii|i>Hi Ihiiiil ami Inlil Ihrln how iiiiwrrfMl
Iha lliniiuiit wrrr, ami 'ul<l II wiia mil fur Ihrir
HiUaiiliilti' In iiiiikr war wilh llirni; anil nl Irnrlb
ha iintiiili'il with Ihwii. Iliil n«%r. Whin Iha
rlx'whiri' rrlalril.'
■inn nl ilia cilailil nl (liiiiiiiln, ami nl' lln
niiiilr}r
■iliniilliilf III il< whb'h Ihrrrliy t'linliiiiiiil In ihrlr
alU'xiiinci! lu tlio Kntiian*-
18. Sow, H« .annn na I w** rnnir liitn (iailirr,
•ml hail li'iiriii'il thi> tlat* iiflliinKa l>y Hik inl'iir-
mallnn n( nuitli aa inltl ini' »l' lln in, 1 wriiM In
lliti Siinlirilriiir, ul Jrruaalri)! iilimil ihriu. aliil
rii|ili<l ihi'iii Milh ii'luniy, In lirrra* lbiiPiil| ibat
rnrn wliM''i WiK within bli iimtinin -alminil bit
id'liviTi-'l In him; whiNt I, MrliA wni lint mil, w*«
niittnli'il hij livn, ami In lil Iny InnKur. Tbrn
dill Jnlni intrnilmi' n»nthrr ciiniiiiin ninlrivaniai
ol bi«i fnr hi' liiiil, Ihrtt Ihirtf Ji»a whn ililiah|t-
,,„, ,, .. , _ 1(1 Ciiiirrn l'liili|iiil, anil wurr ahiil H|) liy iha br-
rKiuirrdthi'lriliri'i'tionwhat rahinihl iln'. I hiir tirr nl'thit kiA!4'».ili'|Hilfilifr<', |i»<l "H' In Mm lu
iliri'Cimn wiia, lliill I «bou|il rniiliiiiii' lln rr, nml ilniri' him, that, •nil •■ tliiy hml nil oil ihiit wa«
Hint, it my fi'llniv-liiifalfa w«T<- wtltmif. I ahniibl |iiirc Inr tiuir iim', In' wniifil |irnviilr n •iilllriint
inin ivilh ilMiii in thii iHtri^ nl' (iiililt'i'. Hut Ihnar niianlitv nl' »i|<'h nil Inr ihini, bat ibi'y ahiiuUI Ixi
my fi'Uiw-li'Kiitta, b»»iii){ )("'*<'<• K^''!)! rirlira ' lnn-«il lil mnkf uir nl' nil tbiit rainii Iriiiii. tb«
from lliu«i lilhca nbii li wa (irii'iU wir<' tliiir (iriili«, iimj ihiriliy IrniifKrtaa. tbiir own Jawa,
•luia, l.iil were |ri»rn In tlnni. ili li'iiiiimd In rr- I Nnw lliia wn« aiiid hy Jiihn, not nut of hia r<'K".'*'
liirii l( ihrirown cnunlrv. Vit nlii'n I ili'arnd ' (n rib«;ioti, lull nut nl' hia ^iiual HiiKriiiil deaira
■Ihiin tiV »lny an loiitr, Ih'iil ivr iinuhl fir<l irlllr nl' prnlu; iir hr km iv ihiil two ai ulnrli'a wrra
'■ ■ ' ' 1.111.1 Willi till III 111' I'l «iirin Inr onfrlriirbnia, but
iImI III liiai'biilii fniirnnrn at'»tiirit;a wirii folil
I'lir i'.'iir ilriiiJntiii. ^ll hi' uai*, oritur, tbut ull
till' nil whirUw;i< linn- abniild bi) cafriid HWiiy,
»• liHviiuj iiiy pi riiiixinii Inr aii dnii>Ki which
yi-l I ili'lint (triiiil liiiii niliintiirity, but niily out
111' I'l'nrnf Ihi' miillitnili', •I'lii.i,. if I Imil I'ntbid'
ilin him, I ahmili hiivf liii II •Iniiid by llicin.—
Whi'ii I hnd lliiriforf (ii'iiiiiltiil Ihia In iiv dnna
Ilia nf niniiry by Ibl*
tbi' ptnlli' iirtiiira, Ilit'V I'niiiplu'il with ml'. !Sn t
reiiic<ril, toKrlhcr \«l(li llii.iiii fi'mn tin' rilv df
Hrppiioria, and taiim In n ruriiiin vilbijfn culb'd
IlitniiiHiia, four liirlnnKa iliKliiiit frniii 'rilitriiiai
Hml thrni'ii I aciit iiii'>ai'n|(i i'» tn llir aiiialu nf
• 'rihrriiK, nnil di'airi'd tliiit liir iiriiii'i|)id iiim of
tlir rily would I'Oiiii' to nm; iimi nln ii Ihiy werr
fnmr, Jualiia biniaiif iiriiiK iiUn wilii thi iii, I tiilil
Ibrin, IhHl I wn* arnt |n thriii liy Ihi' |H'n|ili> nf
JiTiiiiib'iii ■• 11 kKnti) lOKi lln r uilli tlii'ai' nthrr ' l<v .'nhii, lin giiimd vikI
prinHa, III nrili'i* In purniiiiilii tin rii tn iliiniiliah j biakii.mry
Unit bniian wlilrh lluroil tlii' ti triiri'h bml built
tMrii, H|iil wliii'h hull the I'lKiiri -i nf li\in'.Tri'ii-
tlirira in il, althniiKli niir liitvaluii fnHiiiMrn ua.
to mnkii any ilich li;curiH; iin<l I ilimiii'd, thul
they ivoilM. niv" ii< bavi' in iln an iiiimviliiitrly.
I{ut fi>r n Konil whili' (^ipi'lliia mid Ihf |irini'i;iul
mm liilniiKiiiK tn Ihr city u.iiild ii'it fivti ii«
li:nvr, but ni'.rii ut liii)(lli I'litinly nvi ri'niiiv by
na, iiiiil wrri' indiiii-d In b« nf our oiiininu. So'
Jcaua tbr Hon nf Sii|i|ihi>ia, niii' nf tli.iau wbniii
Wii linvH ulmidy imnlioni'd iii th« lin^lrr nf n
•i'ditimi« tumult nf ninriiiira inul pnnr piiuiiUs
prrvinli'd ua, find Innk with hiin'cirtiiin (inlilo
Bna,uncl aitthi! mitlrr pnlurr on firi>, and thought
h« ahoulil gvt 11 ^ri'iil iliiil of niniiiy llierciiv)
harnuni' bii aatv aniii<|fif Iht; rnofi j^ilt with )("(■'•
Thry alao plundnrvd n )('• Ut di ul ui' iHe fiirnltiirc,
wliit'h will ilomi ivlthnut our iip|irnbiilinu; fnr,
after wo hnd dii-cnnrarii (^npclliia iinil thf iirinii-
pul nun of thi'city, widronrtcilfroui Itctlinmua,
iinil ivcnt into thi'ljiiiirrtiulili''. Hut Jfauaiind
hit purtv ali'W nil tln'i lirnlta that wcri; inhubi-
tn.iila lit 'I'ilM-riaa, iiiid a» inauy othrm aii « tre
ihi'lr I'lii'iuii'a brfnfd tlicwnr bi'fi;nn.
1.1. Whru I undrratund Ihia atiilc of tlibip, t
was iftiatiy provoked, and went down to 'FibeT
rioa, aud took nil tho rare I Could of the niyal
furuiturr, to recover all that could be recovered
from lueh «b bad plundered it. Tliey conalati'd
of candleatirki innda of Corinthian biW ; and
of niyal tableii, and of n great c|Uantity of un-
coineil ^{,veri ami I reaoUed to jjrertrve Vbat-
»MTrr ranm tn iiiv hand for tlie Iting. tjb I tent
I'l. Iliit'whin ( bad iliaiiiiHard iil« I
t<lltra, and aelit llli'lll tiill'k In .liniallleui, I Innk
iiire lo'liavi' iinii-i proiided, mid the ciliia fnrit-,
liei!. And, when I bad ai nt fnr the iiiniit-harily
aiiinnn the riiblierj, I aaw that it wua lint in my
power In lake their nrnia I'rniii tin iii; but I |)«r-
Mndid the milltiludi' In iillnw them iiinney H
(Sy, and told thiin it wna bitter fnrllreni ly ((iv«
ihiiuu little witlinicly, rutin r than In [Iw forced
In^ overbiok thiul will 11 they plunili red their
Kno<!ii from tlii iii. Aud n'len'l bud nblif^ed thcill
in take an oath not In ciimv liilii that country,
iinleaa they were invited to come, or elae when
Ihev bad nol their pay Xiven them, i/liainiaied
ihi'iii.aiid cbarifiil tin iii uiithcr to make an e»-
pedilion aKaiiiat the llniuana, nor anniuat tho»«
their neif^hbor* that, lay round ubont theui; for
my liral inre wmi to keep (iaiilee in peace. So
I wai willing lo have thi; prinri|Hil of thii flali-
baua, in ull aovi uly, a« boatoKta for their fidel-
ity, but atill under tbn noiinn of frit iiiUhip.
Accordingly, I luailit them my friend* and com-
panion* a» I journeyed, and aet Iheni tn jullgi)
caiiaea; and with their approbation it wai that I
gavo my aenteiicea, wh'ilo I enilenvored not to
jiiintakir wbttt justice required, and to keep luy
handa clear of all bribery in tho«|} deterniin*-
liona.
15. I was now about the thirtieth year of mjr
age; Tn which time of life it i« a hanl thing far
any one lo eacafe the calumnies of the rnvloui,
althouj'h he reatrain hinmelf^ra fulfilling anjr
iihlawfid deairea. fapecially where a penion H
i.
I
THR i.irr. o¥ n.Aviim mfleriiim.
i.
m fr**l Mlkoritjr. Y«l M I pnMrra every
woman fr*» from injiirl**) •wt •• in nrbat |ir*-
•Ml* oar* uffvrxl ni«, I ilcantaril ihaM. •* nal
MaiMlinf In noil uf ihrii) ISiir iiklrwi »uultl I
Uka thixa lllhaa ohlrh w«r« iliia to ma a« •
|ir«*al, Iriim Ikd^ thai lini<i|rhl thani. Y>« ilo I
(mifa**, that I Inuk i«rt <i7 I ha r|wtla of Ihoaa
Hjrrlana whicli Inhahlinl iha • tiiai Utot ailjninad
(u ua, whan I hail riiniiu»r*il llinn, km) ihal I
•ant Ihrm lo ih)> klnilrvil *l Jmiaalrm; ■IthoHah.
«rh>n I Iwicr Inok .Hii|iiib<>ri« lijr lorn-, niiil I'lR*
naa fiiiir llniaa, an<l Gailara uni'a, ami Mban I
hkil aulMliiril anil Ulirj^ John, who ntt*n laiil
(raRthrniiia maraa fur ill*, I iliil mil piiiiiali [wilh
ilaathj «ilh«r him iir anjr iif iha |m-ii|iI* rurona-
mad, aa tha |ir<iKrraa of Ihia ilm'iiiirai' mil ahuw.
And on Ihitacrount, I aiiitniaa, II wraalJiat <jihI,*
who t« nar«r i)nari|ii<iiilfil wtlh thcaa Ihal <lu at
(Im} uu|ht l<i iliiL, ilflivrra*! ma alill mil of Iha
hanila or Ihraa m* rnriiiiat, anil al'irniranl pra-
Mr«ril m* whrn I ffll Iniii Oiuaa man/ ilaiiKira
Wbii'h I ahall rrlaU hrraaltar.
10. Now Iha mulliluila nf ihV (iaiilrnnt hail
(hat grcal kimlnaaa ht ma, artil Ailflitv In ma,
. that whan Ihrlr irltiaa wara lakrn hy lorra, •mi
thair wi»«« amk i-hllilrrn larrinl inio alavary,
diajr iliil not ao ifaaply Uiiinii for Ihifr own raU.
mitlaa, aa Ihrjr wrrc aoliiUojia fur my prri|rrv«.
lion. Hul wliaii John aaw Ihia, ha mtinl ma,
and wrota lo ma, ilaairinK that I woiilil riva hiiii
laava lo rnma ilown, ami maka uin of iha hot
baiha nfTibrriaa for thr rri-iirrry of thr hralib
of hia jiiwly. Aicorilinnlv, I did not himlar him,
M having no luapicion gf any wirkad di'ai|rna of
bill ami I wrota to 4li*a« t» whum I hailrom-
nilllrd Ihii adiiiinialralion of fh« 4lliiira of Tilia.
riaa liy iiaina ihat t|iry ahoulif iiriividr % lmlirin|r
for John, ami for auih aa ahoulil roma with Kliiii
II Juatty b« lutMrtMl kf
lafr (oiarnora VaraaAar,
•nil ahoiilil procure what nri-aaiariri aoaver h«
ihoiild atnnd in nead of. IVow al Ihia lima mf
•hmla waa In k ell) of Ca|||a», which it named
Cann.
17. liut whf n John whi roia4-to the city of
Tiberiaa, ha iwrauadrd lh« mm to revolt from
Uieir Ailrlity to mr, and to ailhrrr lo him; and
many of thrill kIwH/ ri-cei»ed that invitnlion pf
nil. aa <»er fond of innovaliona, and liy naluiy
dil|mard to rbanK<-i, and drliKhtiiiK in aediliohai.
but they were chiclly JiMlua and liia Itilhvr I'ia.
(Ui, that were iMrntat bir their ri'»oll from air,
and their Bilhrnnce to John. Hut I came uppn
them, and prrvrnted them \ for a mraii'iiKi'V had
coma l<> iiie from Silaa wlumi I had inadu Kover-
•or of TiheriHa, aa 1 have aaid alnady, and had
told me iif the inrlinationt of the pi'ople of Ti-
beriaa, kiul adviaed me to make hnalr'* thither!*
for that; if I made any delay, the f.itf would rome
under unollirr'a juritdictiali. UiM)n the rrcetot
pfthia litter of Silaa, I took two hundred men
along with me, and travelled nil JMKht, havinir
•enl before a nwiaen|(er to lit the mtople of Tj.
. beriaiknow that I wat coiniiif; lii ihem, <4Vhea
I caiiia near to Ihe cily which wn» i;arly in the
uioriiiur, the mullituilv tnme out la iii«-rt ntf;
and John came with them, and inlulrd me, but
in a moat ditturbed manner, aa being afraid that
mv roming wai to call him to an account for-
whnl I wiia now tenailile he waa doing. So he
in great hnatc went to hil lodging, but when I
waa in Ihe o|M>n place of Ihe city, having diimisi-
ed the guanit I had almut me, eiceiuing one,
and ten an I men that were with him, I at-
tempted to make a apee? h to the multitude of
the i>eopla of Tilieriaa; and alanding on a cer-
tain elevBtcd place, I entreated them not to be
(o hantyin Ihnr revolt; for that auch « change
in their behavior won.d be to their reproach,
a Oiir Jnaephiia ahnwa, fnth here and every where.
Innt he wna n nioet ri'lijiniia p'erann, and one that hail
a d eepaenaeiif fim l n ml h la |iiovtd ei ir n mw n hl amlii it
.»d aacrlbl .1. hia toumecoi.and wohdirliri^apS tta ^i^hta CUr
and tbat they would Ikan
tkoae that ahoul.l ba tb«/I
aa if Ihey w.rvi n<rt lik.l, («"b- f.iihful toi'h'i
U Hut, hefora I ha.l apnken all I deaif Had, I
heani una o< my own <l.,i)„.ilra bidding ma cum«
down i for thai It waa n.,i a prop. r n". ,„ uh«
car. of ralaiawt '•«• «;>."l will of Ihe i»o„|a or
I il-riaa, but to urovpi. for my „wn lalaty. and
.la,- my enrmfe. thera, for J„hn bad . hiMaa
lie ii.nal irualy of Iho.a ,rm,d i.„n I»mI wrrk
alMiMl him, uui „r Ih.ia. Ihrnwand that ka had
with him, and had glvan thani unlrra wbaa k«
•em them, |h kill me, bvlng learned that I WM
aluna eiiepiinK •<""" of mr iliwieetii a. Hn ihoM
that were trnt i anie at Ihry were onlered i an4
they had i i.cii|...| what lliev came ahoul, had I
not leafied down from the rfavallim I alooil „n.
ami wl«h one of my guarda, whoaa nam. waa
Janjea,lKrii i arrird [out of Iha crowd) uiH.n tha
back of one llrr.Hl ol liberlaa.-aml gul.Ud bf
him down lo the lake, where I aeiiad a thip and
g<H into It, and eaca|ied my anamie* uaiailMCl-
adly. and cam* to Tarkhaw'
lU. Now aa aoon a« tha inhabitanttof thai ell*
iinileraloo.1 the (lerllrtiuuineia of tha peopU of'
liberiaa, they wrr« Rfeally pniVokeif al thatB.
So they anatrhed up their arma, ami dealrrd ni«
to lie their leader agnina) thrm; for Ihey aald
they would avenge their rommaiider'a raua*
Mi«.n Iheni. Thry alau ctrrieil tha report of
what had been done lo ma lo all tha (lalilaaM, ,
anil eagerly endeavoreiJ lo irritate them agalnat
the iMople of •llbiiiaa, anil d»aired that vaal
numhera of them would act logelhar, and coni«
to them, that ihey might act in concert witk
their comiiikmler whar ahould be detrrniined aa
Bt lo Imi done. Accimlingly the (iaiileana rtffM
to me ill great numben from all parti with theif ,
weanoni, and beaoiight me to aaaaiilt 'I'iberiM.
to lake It by force, and to drmoliah it, till it Uy
even vvith Iha ground, and then lo make alavM
of lit inhabilania, wMi their wivei and cJiil-
ilren. I hoi« thai were Joaephut'i frlendi alto.
and had eara|>e<l out of Tilieriaa, gayi him th«
tame adviua. Hul I did n«l compU wilh Ihem.
thinking It a terrible thing to begin a civil wa^
among Ihem; for I thought. IbM ^i, contentlo.
ought not to proceed farther than worda- iiayTl
told Ihem that. It wat not for their own advaniaia
M do what they would have me to do, while iRa
Kouiant eipeiled no other than that we ihould
detlrny one another^by our mutual Mdilioni.-
.h%l:r'5 ""* ' »"" ' '*°P •" "" •»«" »' ^
20. Tfja now' John waa afraid for hlmteir. tinea
hit ireactM-ry had^roM«hnntucc«ttfo|. So ha
IooIuAb |frn«d 11154, tT,.rw>re tlxml him. and
rem»v«rfrom Tiberiaa to (itohala, and Wrote to
me to-lpologiic for Mnnelf concerning what
had been done, at if ilMiad'iean dona witfaont
hit approbation, and de.ired me to have no tut.
piC on of hint to hit diaadvantage. He alao ad.
•led oatht and c,rlart» horrible curwt upon him.
•eir.nmlaupnoaed he ihould be thereby belUTad
inthepoinit he wrotr aboutio me.
ai. Hut now another great number of the Ok-
lileant came together ii^iiin with their weapont.
na knowing the innu, haw wickeil and how ladlv
piqured ha wat, and detired me to lead them
againti nim, and promited me ih«t |k,y wnuld
utterly dealroy both him and Gitchala Here.
upon I profcaied that J wat obliged 'o them Air
their readinett to nerve me. and that I would
more than refjuile their good-will to me How.
"70 •"•'*•;««"' theiU to reatrain Ihemtelvet.
and begged of them to give me Icateio do what
and preaerratlont. In timea of daDgerl la Ood^ I
ri ni; film, and lakln< care ef him, ajj^ih ^ 1
:"-'H
of hit aria 01 pieiy. juMca, hnmanir
w[ la Ood^ bto-
i dWh la on a cce u n i
Iff and charily la
^
8
THE LIFE OF FLAVIU3 J08EPIIU8.
< _#. ■ i.
' I intended, wfilch was 16 put an end to then
trooblei without bloodabed ; and wbeii I had pre-
vailed with the multitude o( the Ualileani to let
liae^oK), Icnine to Hepphorii.
S2. But the inhabiUnti of Ihii citj, haying dc-
.tarmined to continue in their alltsgiancc to .tiie
Ronmnt, irare afraid.of iiiy coming to theiu, and
tried, b; putlin^me upon another action to divert
me, that Inejr might be freed from the terror they
ware in. Acconilngly they aant to Jcau*, the
.captain of thOie roboora, who were in the con-
Anei of i'tbleraaii, and promiaed to give him a
neat daal of money, if he would coifle with those
iorcet he had with him, which were in number
•ight hundn^d, and hght with ua. Accurdingly
-he Complied with what they deaired, upon, the
prdniiaea they had made him, ai^d wii# deairoua
to fall upon ua when ive were unprepared for
him, and knew nothinr of hia coming biTunthiuid,
So he sent to me, and deaired that I would give
him leave to cgnie and aalute me. When I nad
Jfiven him that leave, which I did without the
east knowledge of his treacherous intentions
befort^hand, he took his band of robbers, and
made haatq to come to me. Yet did not tbia hia
. knaTery auccecd well at last; fur, at he was
already nearly approaching, one of those with
bin) deserted him, end cunie to lue, and told iiie
what he had undertaken to dpV When I waa
infornir-d of this, I went into the {lurkct-place,
and prctondwl to Itiiow nothing of his treachi-ruus
fHirpoae. I took with me miany Ual^UanS-tliiit
were arpied, as also tom« 6f those of Tiberias:
.ahd, when I had given orders that all the roads
should b« carefully guarded, I charged the keep-
era of the gates to give admittance to none but
to Jeans, when he came with the principal of hia
men, and to eiclutie the rest; and in case thvy
aimed to force themselves in, to uso stripes [in
order to rapel . theni.] Accordingly, thoJe tliat
had received anch > 'charge did as they were
bidden, and Jeaus came in with a few others;
and when I had ordered him to throw dojwq tis
arms immediately, and told him, that if he "fu-
sed so to do, he was,* dead mail, he,l<f.eing
anned men standing all round iibout hiu, was
terrified and compliea, and ai for those of his
followers that were excluded, when they were
ilifomied that he was seized, they ran away. I
then called Jesus to me by himself, and told him,
that " I was not a stranger to that trencheroua
design he had against me, nor was I ignorant by
aidioni he waa sent fur; that, however, i wupld
forgive what he bad done already, if he would
repent of it, and be faithful to nie hereafter."—
And thus upon his promise to do all that I <le8i-
Md, I let him go, and gave him leave to get those
whom he'bad./urnierTy had with him together
anin. But I threatened the inhabitants ut Sep-
phon's, tliat, if they would not leave olT their
uiwrateful treatment of me, I would punish tlieiu
■umcicntly.'
23. At this time it wax that two great men,
who* were under the jurisdiction of the king,
■ lAKf'Ppa,] came to mc out of the region of Tra-
chonitia, bringing their horses and their arms,
and carrying with them their luoney also; and
when the Jews would force them to be circum-
cised, if they would stay among them, I woiild
00) permit them to have any force put upon tliefn,
bat said to them,* " Every one ought to worship
God accorUing'tp his own inclinations, and not to
be constrained by force; and that these men,
who had fled to us for protection, ought not to be
so treated as to repent of their coming hither."
And when I had pacified the multitude, I pro-
vided for the men that were come to us whatso-
« Joseplius'a opinion is here well wortli notini;, that
every one is to lie permitted to worship Ood according
to his own conscience, and is not to he compelted in
'< H Hf n i nf rel igl nn ; s a one may here o h a ervg , o n tha
ever it was they wanted, according to their liiusl
way of liviiiK, and that in great plenty nlag.
34. i\uw king Agrippa aenttin army to make
thcinaelves maslera uf the citadel of Uaniala,
and over it Equiculus Modius; but the forces that
were sent were not enough td encompasa the
ciudel quite ronnd, but lav before it in the open
placea and beaieg«d it. but when Ebutiua the
tiecurlon, who was entruated with the govern-
ment of the|preiu pliiiu, hrjird that I waa at Si-
iiioniaa, a village situiiled in the confines of Usli-
lee, ahd waa<°diataut from him aixty furlonga, he
took ii hundred horsemen that were with him bj
night, and a certain number of fuotiiien, about
two hundred, uiid brought the inhaliitanta of the
city Gibea along wilh liiiu aa auxiliaries, aad
inarched in the niglit, and came to the village
where I abode,- U|)on this, I pitched my ciimp
over against hint, which had a great number of
forces in it; but Kbutlus tried to draw ua down,
into the plain, as greatly depending on his horse«^
men; but we wouhl nut cume dojvn: for wl«>n I
was satisfied of the advantage that his hqrse
would have if we caiiie duwn into the plain,''while
we were all footmen, I resolved tnioin battle witK
the enemy where I was. Mow Khnliua and his
party made a courageuus uppdailion for aome
time; but when he Siiw that his hurse were use-
less to him in that place, he retired back to the
city (libea, having lust three of his men in the
fight. So I followed him directly with t^o thou-
sand armed men; and when. I was at the city Be-
sara, that lay in the confines of I'tulemaia, but '
twenty furlongs from Gibeu where Kbutjus abode,
I placed my armed met) on tlie outaiile of the vil-
lage, an<l gaVe orders that they should guard the
passes with great care, that the enemy might not
disturb us, until we should have carried olf the
Corn, u great quantity of which lay I here: it
belonged to Bernice the qu'eeu, and h^id been
gathered together out of. the neighboring' vil-
lages into Besara; so I loaded my camels and
asses, a great number of which I had brmt'tht
along with me, and seiit the corn iiilu Galilee.
When I had done this, I oflered Ebutius battle; '
but when he would not accept of the offer, for
he was terrified at our readiness and courage,
I altered my route, and marched towards Neo-
politannii, because 1 had heard that the cpuntnr ■
about Tiberius Was laid waste by him. This
Neouolitanua was captain of a troop of horse,
and had the custody of Scythopolis intrusted to
his carer by the enenijr; and when I had hindered
him fribm doing any further mischief to Tiberias,
I set myself to make provision for the affairs of
Galilee. _^ ■
25. But when John, the son' of Levi,:who, at
we before told you, abode atGischala, was. in-
formed how all things had succeeded to my mind,
and that I was much in favor with those that
were under me; as also that the enemy were
greatly afraid of me, he waa not pleased with it,
as thinking my prosperity tended to his ruin.— ^
So he took up a bitter envy and enmity against
me; and hoping, that if he could inflame those
that were under me to hate me, he should put an
end to the prosperity Iwas in, he tried to per
suade the intiabitants of Tiberias and of Sep-
phoris, (and for those ofGabarahesufiposeo ther
would be also of the same mind with the others,)
which were the Greatest cities of Galilee, to re-
volt from their subjection to me, and to be of bis
party; and told them that he would command '
them better. than t did. As for the people of
Se'ppborUi who belonged to neither of us, .be-
cause they Jiad chosen to be in subjection to the
Romans, they did noi comply with his proposal,
contrary, that ime rest of tlie Jews were still for obllg'
init all those wWi nuirried Jews id he cirrumcised, and
become Jews, ami Were rendy to ceslroy ill that would
no t s ubmit to do eo/ B ee s e t t. 31, and Luk e ix.M.
yfc-"- ■
*B
a'
f:
, THE LIFR OF FLAVIUS JOSBPHUa
tnri fiir fho«f of Tibcriw, llie) Hid not indeed to i to iimku Aimurbinm in mattrrt of conwiiiirncc
h>r comply aa to make ii ri v,dt Iroiii uiidrr m«, ; u MMliti^^. |i,ni„n b« WH iiiilrt^l, Kiid nn iiiiiuva-
bul II117 iif^rfc'd to be hit riiriidn, while the in- tor b('\uii(l tviry bu<ly ttlM. He llicii limk
huliitiiiKii <i|' (inburit did ^o over to John; «nd it Inwa oV Miw* inio hi« hiindt, end c.»i»ii iiiiii
will i>iiiiou thut |MT«u(i<lid thtiii to to do; one , iiiidnt ol' the ppoi^r, mid Mid, " 6 iiiv tV
irho will both th<i |irinoi|mi iiiiiii in the city, ind n
paiiiculur friend iindcohipiiMidn of John. It ia
trur, (hi'M did not i>fM<nly own the making n re-
volt, biurnute Ihi'V were in grrat fear of the Ciali-
leans, aiid had fri'(|urnt cxiirrlcnce of the g;ood
will tlicy bore to iiie; y<'t <lid they priratrly
Watch fur a proper opiiortunity to lay inaret for
ine; and indeed I thereby ciime into the greuteit
danctT, (in the occasion filluwiiiK:
2(i. 'I'here were some bold young men of the
riltiigc UalMrittn, who observed thikt the wife of
I'toleniy, the king's procurator, «Viii to make a
proKreai liitr the grtitt plain with a iiiiehty at-
tenilanuc, and with tome horaenien that followed,
M a guard to theni. and thia out of a country
that wiia auhjccr to the king and queen, into the.
: iuriadictlOniof the Koiiiana; niid lell uponthcm
on the audden, aud.otdigcd the wife ol Hlolemy
. . to lly »<vay| ,and pluodered all the cnrriai^et.
7hey aUo came to me to THricbeo:, with tour
' miilea' loading of garnienta, and other furniture;
and the weight of the silver they brouglit waa
4 Dot aniall, and there were five hundred pieces of
gold also. Now 1 had ft mind to preaetve tbeae
•poils for Ptolemy, who wiia my countryman;
atid it is prohibited us by our liiWs even to spoil
our eneniiea:* so I snid to those that brou);ht
those spoils, tlui^rtiry ought to be kept in older
^ . to rebuild t^ie walls of Jerusnlem with -theni,
Wneii they ;^iue to lie sold. Hut theyoung men
took it very "ill thiit tliey did not receive u part
; of these spoils fjr thenui Ivi a, iia they expected
toliave done; ao.tliey went umoiig the villiigea,
in the neigliborliood of .Tiberias, and told the
people, that 1 was going to betray their Country
to the Romans, and tjiHt I used deceitful language
to them, when 1 siiid, that what had been thus
gotten by rapine should be kept for the rebuild-
ineof the walls of the city of J erusairm ; although
Iliad resolved to restore these spoils ug:dn to
their forilier owner. And indeed they were here-
in not mistaken as to i«iy jnteniion!); for when I
nad gotten clear of ^eui, 1 sent for two of the
Erincipal men, Dassidii, a{id Janneut the son of
evi, Jiersons that Were among tiie rfiief friends
of the king, and couiiuunded them totaiiethc fur-
niture that had bcea plundered, and to send it to
biu; and I th rente JKli thut I would order them to
be put to death by vvny of puniahuient, if they dis-
covered this luy coiiiiiian(l to any other person.
27. Now when all (iaiilee was filled with tin's ru-
mor, tha^ their country was about to be betrayed
by me to the Romans, and when all men were
exasperated against nie, and ready to bring me
to punishment, the inhabitants of Tarichese did
also themselves suppose tliat what the young
men said was true, and persuaded my guards and
armed liien to leave me when I wasinslecp, and
to come prcsehtly to the hippodroniie, in order
tliere to take counsel against me their coni-
mander. And when they had prevailed with
them, and they were gotten together, they found
there a creat cbninany assembled already, who
all joined in one clamor, to bring the man, who
was so. wicked to them as to betray them, to his
due puirisbitient; and it was Jetua the son of Sap-
phias, ^ho principally let them on. He was ruler
inTibena»,a wicked nuui, and naturaHy disposed
•How Joaephna could any here that the Jewish laws
forbade them to " spoil even their enemies," while yet
■_ little before hi« lime, our Savkrar bad. meation-
M it as Uiea a current maxim with tbem. "Thou
■kaH lorn thy nelithlior, and hate thine ■nmy," Mat.
»i «, is worth our inquiry. I fake It lh«t Josepbua,
iMTinn been now fur ninny yeara an EUwbe Chris-
Uaa, liad learned this interpretation ofthe law of Mo
•M from Christ, whom he owned fo^ the Irae Uesstab,
tb*
the
. . ■ ■ ■. • .■ - --xw-citi-
sens, ilyuu are not dia|MWMl tp hate Juieplius en
voiir own arcount, have nntd however to Uieae
laws cW your country, wliirli yoor cohiniHiiiler in
chief IS going to betray; hate him therefore o|i
both theneHc'counlt, and bring the man wlio hath'
acted thuH^iuMdenlly to his deserved puaishiiirnt."
an. W\jvn he had said this, and the nuliiliide
had openfy applaude<l him for What he had said<
he took siiiiie of the arnieil men, and made h«st*
away to the house in which i lodged, aa if he
wuulil kill nie iiiiuu'dlafely, while 1 wua wholly
liisensitde of nil till this disturbance happ.nej;
and, by reason of the paina I had been tiiking,
WHS liUlcn fast asleep. But Simon, who wus in.
triistgliwitJi the care of my body, and wus tha
ool^V^^x. that xtiiyril with me, and saw the
violi^micui'sion the ciliiena ina^le u|)on me, ha
awaked iiit-, and told me of the danger 1 wasiii.
and desired i)ie to let him kill me, that I might
die bravely lind tike a general, before iny ene-
lilies Came/ in, and forced mcfto kill myself,] or
kill me tli^niselvcs. Thus did he discourse to
me; but I committed the care of my life to God
and made haste to go out to the multitude. Ac-
conlingly I put on a black garment, and hung my
tword at mjr neck, and went by such ailillerent
way to the liippodrame, wherein I thought none
of my ndvcrsaries Wbulil meet me; so lapjieared
among tlieiii on the sudden, and fell down Hat on
the earth, and bedeWvd the ground with itiy
tears: then I seemed to them nil an object of
compassion. And wben I |>erceived the chanc«
that W4IS made ih the multitude, I tried to divide
their opinions, before the armeid men shouJd re-
turn from my house: soigranied theinthat I had
been as wicked at tliey auppoaed ine to be, but
still I entreated-tliem to le.ti|iefirat inform them
for what use i had kept that money which aroaa
from the plunder, ami that they miglit then kill
me if they pleased; am| upon the multitude's
oniering me to speak, the armed men came upoa
nic, ni«T when they aaw ine, they ran to kilt met
but when the nm'ltitude' bid them hold their '
linmls, they iMinplied, and ex|K'Ctcd that as soon
as I siidulil own to them that I kept the money .
for tlie king, it would be looked (in aa a confes-
sion of niv trenson, and they should then be al-
lowed to kin me.
20. Wlien therefore silence was made by the
wiicile multitnde, I apake thua to them: "6 luy
countrymen, I refuse not to die, if justice so re-
quire. However, I am desirous to tell you the
truth Of tbia mutter before I die; forai I know
tlint this city of youra [Taricheie] was a city of
greut hospitality, and dlled With abundance of
sucli men ns have \e.{t their own countries, and
arc co'iiie hither to be partakers of your fortune .
whatever it be, I had A mind to build walls
al}o«t ii, out of tliis iiioncy, for which you arivvt
angry with me, whilp yet it was to be ex|iended •
in building your own walls." Upon my saying
this, tlie jieople of Taricheae and the strangers
cried .out, that " they gave me thanks, and ileai- .
red mc to be of good courage." Although the'
Galile:ina and the people of Tiberiaa continued
in tlieir wrath against nie, insomuch that there
arose a tumult among them, while some threat-
ened to kijl me, aiid some bid me not to regard
as Jt follows in the sucreedinc verses, whtch.thoofh
he mfsht not read In Bl. Matlnew's Rospel, yet mijht
be have read murli tlie same exposition in tlieir own
{(^lionite or NaeaniicKospel ttself, of which improvs-
mrnta made hy Josephua, after Ik was bereuie a
Chrtstian.webavc already ha4 several examples In
this his life, sect. 3; 13, 15, 10, 31, S3; and shall have
many more therein Imfore Its ronrli:sl.ji, «« w«M i *
we have them elsewhere >#tU his later wrhin|ib
/
I
10
them ;• but wh*n I promiKd tbein that I^rould
build them walli *t Ttberiai, and at oth^t' citiei
that wanted them, thaf gave credit to what I
promiicd, and returned every one to hit own
noma. So I etcaped the forementioned danger,
beyond all my hopear and returned (o my own
hoiiae, aceompaniea with my friendi, and twenty
armed men alio. '\
30. Ilowever, thote robben another anthon
of thia tumult, who were afraid on their own ac-
count, leat I ihould punith them for what thejr
had -done, took ti> hundred armed men, and
came to the houte where I abodei in order to let
it oh fire. When thip their intuit wat told mc, I
thought it indecent for me to run away, and I
retolvcd to expote myielf to danger, and to act
with tome boldnetij to I gave order to ihut the
doort, and went up mto an upper room, and de-
sired that (hey would tend tome of their men in
to receive the money [from the tpoilt;] for I told
them they would then have no occation to be an-
Sy with me; ^nd when they had tent in one of
e bpldeit men of them all, I had him whipped
aeirerely, and jl commanded that one of hit handi
ihould be cut off, and hong about.hil neck; and
in thit cate wat he put out to thote thatienthim.
At _«rhich procedure of mine they were greatly
affrighted, and in no tmall conttematiori, and
were afraid that they thould tbemtelvet be ler-
ved in like manner, if they itayed there: for
they tuppoied that I had in the hoine more arm-
ed men thaii they had themielvei; to they ran
■way immediately, while I, by the ute of thit
stratagem, etcaped this their second treacherout
detign Bgaintt ine.
31. But there were still some that irritated the
multitude against me, and said, that those great
men (hat belonged to the king ought not to be
suflfered to live, if they would not change their
religion to thi religion of those to whom they
■fled for safety : they spake reproachfully of them
alto, ond laiu, that they were wizards,* and such
as called in the Romans upon them. So (he mul-
titude was soon deluded by such plausible pre-
tences as were agreeable to their own inclina-
tions, and were prevailed on by them. But when
I was informed of thit, I ins(ruc(ed (he muhitude
again, that those that fled to them for refuge
ought not to be persecuted ; I alto laughed at the
allegation about witchcraft, and told (hem that
thellomans would not maintain so many ten
thoUsalid toldiert, if they could overcome their
enemies by wizardi. Upon my saying this, the
people auented for a while; but they returned
•gain aft^l^ard, at irri(a(ed by some ill people
against the great men : nay, they once made an
attault upon the house in friiich they dwelt. at
Taricheairin order to kill them; which when I
was informed of, I was afraid |c8( so horrid a
crime should take effec(, and nobody else wojild
make that city their refuge any more. 1 there-
fore came myself, and some others wi(h me, to
the house where these great men lived, and lock-
ed the doors, and had a trench drawn from their
house leading to the lake, and sent for a ship, and
embarked therein with them, and sailed to the
confines of Hippoi; I also paid them the va-
lue of their horses, nor in such a flight could I
have their horses brought io them. I then dis-
missed tbem, and begged of them earnestly that
they would courageously bear this distress which
befell tneu. I was also myself greatly displeased
that 1 was compelled to expose those that had
fled to me to go again into an enemy's country;
yet did I think it more eligible that they should
perish among the Romans, if it should so hap-
* Het« w« any olaiMTe tha> TOl«w JewWi notion of
wMcbcraft; but that oar Josephniwaaloo win to five
any eoiintenance to it.
fin this section, as well as sect. 18, and swL 33, those
jnall vessels thataailed on the tea ofGalilee, are called
hr ioaephoa Wsn. and nx»i». and 8«iies. i. $. plahily. 1
THE LIFE Of PLAVIUS J08EPHU8.
^n, than ^n the oouiitnr that wu onder mf
jurisdiction. However, tne^ escaped at length
and king Agrippa forgave them their offencaa.
And this was (n« conclusion of what concern^
(hese men.
32v But as for the inhabitaqU of the city of
Tiberias, they wrote to the king, and detirad
him to tend them forcet sufficient, to be a guard
to their countrv; for that they were desirous to
come over to Dim: this was what they wrote to
him. But when I came to them, they desired
me to build (heir walls, as I had promised Ihaia
to do: for they had heard that the wa|ls«f Tai
richeffi were already built: -'l^>«greed to their
proposal accordingly. And Whan I had made
preparation for their entire building, I gave order
to the archi(ec(s to go to work( but on the (bird
day, when I was 0^ne to Tarichea, which was
thirty furlongs diatMH Irom Tiberias, it so fell
out, that some Roman horsemen were diMover-
ed on their ml^j^h, not far from the city, which
made it to Ve supposed that the fqrces weM
come from tie king; upon which they shouted,
and lifted up their voices in commendations of
the king, ana in reproaches against me. Here-
upon one came running to ine and tottl me what
their dispositions were, and that they li«d resol-
ved to revolt from me; upon, hearing which
news I was very miich alarmed; for I had already,,
sent away my armed men frqm Tarichets. to their
own homes, because the next day was our Sab-
bath; for I would not have the peoj^e of Tari-
cheie be disturbed [oil that day] by a multitud*
of soldiers; and indeed, whenever 1 sojourned at
that city, I never took any particular care for a
f;uard about my own body, because I had had
requent instances of the fidelity its inhabitanta
bore to me. I had now about me nb more thap
seven armed men, besides some friends, and was
doubtful what to do; for to send to recall vaj
own forces I did not think proper, because the
present day was almost over, and had those
forces been with me, I could not take op arms on
the next day, because our laws forbid us so to do,
even.'thouKh our necessity should 1^ very pnaat;
and if I should permit the people of Tenches,
and the strangers with them, to guard the city,
I saw that they would not be sufficient for that
purpose, and I perceived that I should be obli-
(red to delay my assistance a great while; for I
thought with myself that the forces that came
from the king would prevent me, and that I
should be driven out of the city. I considered,
therefore, how to get clear of these forcei by •
stratagem; so I immediately placed those, my '
friends of Tarichcae, on whom I could best cqn-
fide, at the gates, to watch those veiy carefully
who went out at those gates; I also called to me
the heads of families, and bid every one of them
to seize upon a ship,f to go on board it, and to
tajie a master with them, and follow him to the
city of Tiberias^ I also myself went on board
one of those ships, with ray friends, and the
seven armed men already mentioned, and sallied
for Tiberias.
33. But now, when the people of Tiberias peiv
ceived that these were no forces come from the
king, and yet saw the whole lake full of ships,
they were in fear what would become of their
city, and were greatly, terrified, as supposing
that the ships were full of men on board; so they
then changed their minds, and threw down their
weapons, and met me with their wives and chil-
dren, and inade acclamations to me, with great
commendations; for they imagined that t did not
know their former inclinations [to have bea .
tUftfto that we need ngi wonder at oar riatall<i,'
who still call them «Mv, nor ought we to rander Una
teetr, assomedo. ThelrnamberwaalnallSSO^aeiN
learn from Our aatboi elMWhwK Of Ikl Wat. ■■ Ik
chap, zzL Net. 8.
m:
¥-"--r
-<:
:s-:
-y
Vi
wu oBcler mr
»pcd at length
I (heir offcncat.
nh»l coDcerMd
• of th« city of
igi.and dcsirad
it.totw •gnurd
rere dcfirom (o
it they wrote to
o, they cleilred
£iroiuiied them
e wa|l««r Tk«
Ifreed to their
in I had made
ng, I gave order
)ut on the third
Ilea, which wai
>eria«, it lo fell
I were diMorer-
the city, which
he forces wer«
h they ihouted,
nDi«ndationi of
intt me. Here>
id tolu me what
they nad reloU
hearinr which
>r I had already,,
■richea to their
ly wu our Sab-
people of Tari-
by a roultitud*
r I lojoumed at
cular care for a
luae I had had
' iti inhabitant!
e no more thap
frieudi, and was
d to recall my
ler, because the
and had thos«
take op arms on
rbid us so to do,
I be yety pnMt •
le of Tariches,
jpiard the city,
mcient for that
should be obli-
sat while; for I
irces that came
me, and that I
I considered,
ese forces by •
aced those, my '
could best cqn-
e veiy carefully
Iso called to me
Ty one of them
board it, and to
low him to the
went on board
lends, and the
ihed, and sailisd
uf Tiberias peiy
come from the
le full of ships,
ecome of their
, as supposing
board; so thejr
rew down their
wives and chil>
me, with great
cl that t did not
[to have been .
tontriaiitllhN,
retoranderlbeB
■ inalinOLaeiN
tto WW,Bi|L
THE LIFE OF FLAViUS JOSEPHUS.
ii
7. :.
m
apiast ma;] so they persuaded me to spare the
city. But when I was come near enough, I
gave order to the roastera of the ships to cast
anchor a good way oil the land, tbat the people
of ^Tiberias might not perceive that ihe ships
nad nu men on board; but I went nearer to the
people 10 oiie of the ships, and rebuked them for
their folly, and that they were sq fickle as, with-
out any jMt occasion in the world, to revolt
from their fidelity to me. However, I assured
them (hat I would entirely forgive them for the
time to epme. If they would send ten of the ring-
leaders of the multitude to me; and when they
compiled readily with this proposal, and sent me
the men forementioned, I put them On board a
ahip,and sent them away to Tarichea:, and or-
dered them to be k<pt in prison. ■>
34, And by this stratueni it wU that Igradu-
"'I goj »" *"* senate of Tiberias into my power,
and suiit them (o (ha.ci(y forementioned, wi(h
■"■■■y of (he principal men among (he populace;
and (hose no( fewer in number than the other.
But when the multitude saw into wliat great
miserKs they hnd brought theniaelves, they de-
sired me to punish the author of this sedition;
his name was Clititt, a young man, bold and rash /
in his undertakings. Now, since I thought it ndt
agreeable to piety (o put one of my own ntouic
to death, and yet found it necessary (o punish
bim, I ordered Levi, one of my own guards, to
go to hiin, and cut off one of Clitus's hands; but
as he that was ordered to do this waa afraid to go
out of the ship alone, among so great a multi-
tude, I was not williug that the timorousncss of
the soldier should apiwnr to the people of Tibe-
rias. So I called to Clitus himself, and said to
bim," Since thou deserves! to lose both thin^'
handa; for thy ingratitude to me, be thou thine
own execbtioaer. lest, if thoa refusest so to be,
thouuadergo a worse punishment." And, when
he earnestly begged of me to spare him o|le of
his hands, it was with difficulty that I granted it.
So ill order to prevent the loss of bothTiis hands,
•.he_wilhijgly took his sword, and cut off his own
*r w ' "I *'■'• P"' "" *"•' '" »^« •edition.
. m • 2" "" ■"*" of''"'''*"". »ft«r I was gone
to Taruhea, perceived what stratagem I had used
against, them, hqd they admired how I had put
an end to their foolish sedition, without shedding
of blood. But now,, when i had sent for some o?
those multitudes of the people of Tiberias out
of prison, among ivhom were Justus and. his
father Piatus, I made them to sup with me, and
during our supper time I said to them, that I
knew the power of the Romans was «uperioj> to
all others, but did not say so rpublicly J because
of »• robbers. So I advised tliem to do as I
did^ and to wait for a proper opportunity, end not
lobe uneasy at my being their commander; for
that they could not expect to have another wbo
would use the like moderation (hat I had done.
. ""A"' •'"••"• '" lO'od how the Galileans had
cut off bis brother's hands, before ever 1 came
tO'JeruSalem, upon on. accusation laid against
him, as if he had been a rogue, and had fcrged
aome letters; as also how the people^of Ganiila,
'a' ".^''T '•**J^ 'W'ed against (he Babylonians,
after the departure of Ppilip, slew Chares, who
was a kmsinan of Philip, and withal how they'
had wisely punished Jesua, his brother Justus's
•ister s husband [with death.] When I had said
injr ordered Justus, and all the rest that Were in
•"^"•d^"^ ]•»*"•?.""' »' •'. Wd "ent away,
36, But before this It happened that Philip, the
yon of Jacimna, went put of the eitsidel of Uama-
fanpon the following occasion: when Philip liad
Hil^'ili?'""^ fortlflestlonson MountTalHKjhay be
neaeslill remainine. and wliteh i^ere seen H^Vhv
«r-M«»ndrel E|ee l>lsTravehi,pT iS. ' '
l^J:t".i?:ii'i.i' :v ' y "y. ,*"y *^ «"« <» »«n.
» h. a k , (h. rab b bS liito M;a.-i» j°i{,"iS.S;.'S5 1 My.rJ4;'
11
been infumird that Varus was put out of his go*
vernnwn( by king Agrippa, ami tlial Modius
Kquiculus, a maA that was of old his friend and
toiii|woirtn. was come (o succtf^d bim, he wrote
to hiiu, and n lii««d what turns of fortune he had
had, and desired him to forward the letters he
sent to the king and oueen. Now when Modius
bad received these lett.rs. he was exceeding
glad, and scnt'lhe letters to the king and queen,
who were then about Berylnr, But when king
^P^PI* ''"*'» '•'"' 'ho story about Philip was
false, (for It hail been given out, ll^t the Jews
had begun a war with (he Romaut, and that this
pihpliad been their commander in |hat war,)
he sent some horsemen to conduct Philip to him
and, when he was come, he saluted him vea
obligingly, and shuwed him to (he Roiilan cum
menders, and told (hem (hat tliis was the man of
whom the re|iort had gone about as if'he hud re.
volted from the Romans. He also bid him take
somi horsemen with him, and to go quickly lu
ii*i5''*f'*' °^ *•"'"»'». eud to bring out theure
all his donicsticn, and lo restore the Babylonians
(0 BaUne^agnf^n. He also gave it him in charge
to take aU. possible. care (hat none of his subjects
should bfguilty of making any innovation. Ac-
cordingly, upan these directions from the king>
he made baste (o do wha( h« was coiiimahded.
37. Now (here was on^ Joseph, the son of a
female pliysician, who excited a grea( many
yonngnien to join wi(h him. He also insolently
addressed himself (o (he principal |>enons at
Uamala, aiid prsuaded them to revolt from the
king, and take up arms, and gave them hopes
that they should, by his means, recover their
liberty. And some they forced into the service,
and those that would not acquiesce in what they
had resolved on, they slew. They also slew
Chares, and with him Jesijs, one of his kinsmen,
and a brother of Justus of Tiberias, as we have
already said. Thou of Gamala also Wrote to
me, desiring me to send them an armed force,
,and workmen to raise up the wall of their city;
iior did 1 reject either of their requests. The
.region of Gaulonitis did also revolt from the king,
as far as the vilUgc Solyiiia. I also built a wall
about Seleucla and Soganni, which are villages
naturally of very great strength. Moriiover, I
in like manner walled severaF villages of Upper
Galilee, though they were very rocky of tli>;iii.
selves. Thcjr names arc Janinia, and Meroth,
and Aehabare. I also fortiiicd, in the Lower
Galilee, the cities of Tarichew, Tiberias, Sep-
phoris, and the villages, the cave of Arbela, Bcr-
sobe, Selamiii, JotupaU, Caphareccho, and Sigo
and Japha, and Mount Tabor.* I iXu> laid up a
great quantity of corn in these places, and arms
withal, that miglit be for their security afterward.
38. But the liatred that Johh» the su.. of Levi,
bore to me, grew now more violent, while he
could not bear iuy prosperity with patience. So
he proposed to himself, by all means possible, to
make away with me, ahd built the Walls of Gis-
chala. which waa the place of his nativity. He
then sent his brother Simon, and Jonathan the
son of Siseona, and about a hundred armed men,
to Jerusalem, to Simon the son of Gamaliel,! in
order to persuade bim to induce the commonalty
of Jerusalem to take from nie the government
over the Galileans, and to give their suffrages for
conferring that authority ujion him. This Simon,
was of the city Jerusalem, and of a very noble
family, of the sect of the Pharisees, which are
supposed to excel others in (he accura(e know*
ledge of (he laws of (heir coiindy. He was a
man of great wisdom and reason, and capable of
restoring public afliiirs by hi* prudence, when
In Porta Mosls. ns is olaprved in the Lfttln notes. Ha
night he also lUt Oamaliel II. wlioiie (randfatber waa
Qamallel I, who iamentioned Acts v.:i4, and »i whoaa
feet Bt. P a ul uti tr—gU u p , . tct s x si t 1 . Baa flM ■
,«?
Vi
THE LIFE OF FLAVIU8 JOSEPHUS.
J'
II'
.11
Ei; .i-
ihtj were in an ill poitur*. He wm lUo lin old
/rieml aDilcompiinionor John; hut at that tiiiif
h« had a didcrrnce trith mc. Whrn (hrredire
ha had rerciviul luch an exhortation, htt (mt-
lOaded th« high primta, Ananui, and Jc«u* the
■on of Oainala, and (oini! other* of the uine »t-
ditioui facllaii, to irt me down, now I wai crow-
ing 10 en'at, and nut to overlook mo while I wn^
ofgranniiin;; iiiyacir to the height of fclpryi ""d
he Mid, that it would be fur the advuituge of the
Galileana, if I were deprifed of mvAfovernnient
there. Ananui a|«o, and hii friend^<^«)red them
(0 make np delay abjut the ma)Mr, lent I thould
get the knowledge of what wM doin^ too »oon,
and thould cuiiie and make^an asHuidt U|mn the
city with a great army. Thit wan the rounsel
of Simon; but Ananui the high ptiett demon-
itratcd to them, that tbi> waa not an cany tiling
to be done, because many of the hi^rh prieitu,
and of the ruler* of tlie peoule, boro wllneas
that I had acted like an excellent general, and
that it wo* the work of ill hien to accuae one
against whom they b^d nothing to aay.
39. VVhcn Simon helird Aimnu* >ay this, he
' ' deatred that the messenger* would conceal tlie
thiar, and not let it come among nianyffor that he
would take care to hairf: J osephus removed out of
Galilee very quickly. So he called for John'*
brother, [smion,] and charged him, that they
ahould lend presc.iii to Ananui and his friends;
for, ai he laid; they niight probably by that
mean* persuuHe them to change their niindi.
And indeed Simon did at length thui compass
what he aimed at, for Ananui, and those with
bim, bcfiw corrupted by bribei, agreed to expel
me put ofUalilee, without niakinc the rest of the
citfxeni acijuainted with what they were doing.
AAcOfdingly they reiolred to lend men afdis-
tinctipa ai to the ir familiei, and of distinction aa
to. their learning also. Two of thcie were of the
populace, Jonathan* and Ananiai,by sect Fburi-
leei; while the third, Jozar, was of the stock of
the priests, and a Pharisee also ; ami Simon, the
1^^ of them, wa* of tlie ^ounjrest of the high
prieiti. These had it given. tbein in charge,
that, when they were come to the multitude of
the Galileani, they ahould ask them what was
the reason of their love to nie'l and if they said,
that it wai berauie I was bom at J crusalem, that
they ihould reply, that they four were all born at
the laniie place ; and if they ihoidd lay , it wa* be-
came I wai well versed in their law, they should
reply, that neither were they uaecquainteil with
the practice* of their country, but if, besides
theie, they ihould lay, they loved iiie because I
wni a priMI, they ihoiild reply, that two of these
' were prieits also.
40. Mow, wheii they had given Jonathan and
hii companioni these instriictions, they gave~
them forty thouiand' [drachnige] out of the public
ihbne^: but when they heard- that there was a
^rtain Galilean that then lojoumed at Jeruaa-
liem, whole nifnie wai Jeius, wlio had about hini
tiband of lix hundred armed men, they sent for
him, and gave him three monthi' pay, and gavie
him ordera to fuUow Jonathan and bii com|nn-
ioni, and be obedient to them. They al8<i> ^ve
noney to three bun^fred men that were citizens
.of Jernialeni, to maintain tUeni all, and^ordercd
them alio to follow the ambassadors; and when
thejhad complied, and were gotten ready Tor the
march, Jooatnan and hia companioni went out
with them, having along with them John'* bro-
ther, and a hundred armed men. The charge
that wai given them by those th^t lent them was
thii, that if I would voluntarily lay down my
— '-, they ihoqlit send roe aljveto the city Je-
but that in case I opposed them, they
. *Tbla Jonathan la aim taken notice of in the Latin
IMNea, aa the Mme that la mentioned by the rabbin* in
roif Moali.
^ tTlib I take to be the flnt of Joiephai'a icmarkaUe ) l» In tht War, B. iii.'eh. vlii. aee. 3, A,
should hill me. and fear nothing: for that it wa«
their Ronriiinnd fur them lo tu do. They aiip
wrote tu John to make idl ready for tightiiiij' me.
ami gave f>rtlrr* to the Inhabitiyil* of .Seppnori*',
and Gabara, and Tiberiu*, to Mud auxili^rfe* to
John.
41. Now, ai mv father wrote me an account of
this, (for Jeans, tlie son of Gaiiiala, who was pre-*
lent 111 that couneil, a friend and companion of
mine, told him of it,) I wai very murh troubled,
ai discovering thereby, that my fellow-citlzeni
provei^ so ungrateful to me, ai, out of envy, l«
give order that I ihould be ilain ; my /ather ear-
nestly pressed ni« also in hi* letter to come to
him, for tlint he longed lo lee his son before he
died. I liifiinned my friends «f these things, am' '
that in thrte day*' tiioe I should leave the foui^i .
try, and go home. l>\ion hearing this they were
all very sorry, and desired me, with tears in their
eyes, not to leave ttiefii to be deitroyed; for lo
Imy thought they ihould be, if I were deprivud
of the command over them: but as I did not
grant their re<]uest, but wai taking care of my
own utilt'ty, the Galileans, out of tTiclr dread of
the contie(|iioiice* of my departure, that they .
should then be at the mercy of the robbers, sent
iiiesieng'r* over all (ialltee to iii4t>rni them of
my resolution to leave them. Whereupon, ai
loon ai they heard it, they |^ol together in great
numbers, I'rbin all pnrl*. With their wivea and
ch|li|ren; nnd this tiiey did, as it appeared tome,
not innre out of their affection to uie, than out
of their fear on their own account; for while |
staid with tlieni, they supposed that they should
luffer no harm.. So they all came into the great
plain, wherein I lived, the name of which- wa*
Aiochii.
42.' But wonderfiir it wti what q dream I law
that very night; for when I hud betaken myself
to my bed, as grieved and disturbed at the news',
that had been written to ine, it scinied to me,
that a certain person stood by nie,t and said, " O
Josephus! Icavu olf to Ftnict thy soul, and put
aviuy all frar; for what now grieves thee will
render thee very consliienible, and hi all reapecia
most happy; for thou shall get over not only
these diflinuHies, but many others, with great
iiiccess. However, be not cast down, but re-
member that thou urt.Ui fight with the Koinans."
When I had seen this drenni, I |;ot up with an
intention of goin|^ down to the plain. Now when
the whole multitude of the Galileans, among
whom were the tVomen and children, saw me.
they threw themselves down upon their faces,
and, with tear* in their ^yei, be*ou|^ht nic not to
leave them exposed to their eneiiiies, Hht tu go
away and permit their country to be injured hy
them, liut when I did not comply witii their en-
treaties, they compelled ine to take an oath, that
I would stay with them: they also cast ahun-
dance of reproaches upt>n the people of Jerusa-
lem, that. they would not lit their country enjoy
peace.
43. When I heard this, and si'w what sorrow
the people were in, I wa» moved with conipa*-
liun to them, and thought it became me to un-
dergo the nuLst nianifcsl hazards for the sake of .
so great a multitude; ,*o I let them know I wo ild.
stay with them. And When I had given ativt
that five thouaand of them should come to me
armed, and with provision! for their niainten-
ance, I stint the rest away to their own hornet; .
and when thoie live thoiisand were borne, I took
them, together with three thousand of the lol-
diers that were with mc before, and eighty hoiae-
hien, and marched to the village of Chabolo,
•ituated in the confines of Pt<.lemaii, and there
kept my force* together, pretending to get ready
or divine dream*, which were prcilletive of the moat
tiling tbnt afterwnrdi eafiie to pnis; of wJileh aee more
intli rnnl e n n f Vn!i i | P i ll rh vli i »rr 8 Th en tWf
,S'^
t-
>-
\-
:1t
Kg: for iKiit it WM
lu <lo. Tlicy ali9
\y for tightiiiij' nif .
lyilii of .Srppnorit',
Mud iiuaili^rfu to
! ni« an account of
lala, nlio wa* prr-*
and conipaninii of
ry much troiililed,
my fellow'cilizeni
ai, out of envy, l«
lin ; my Athcr ear-
I letter to coiun to
K hi< Hon before he
>f thtic thingn. aii|i '
lid leave the fonn
'iii|; thi> they wer«
, with tears in their
■ clc»troyed; for to
if I were denrivud
hut a« I did not
takinr rare of my
t of iTicIv dread of
nrturr, that they .
f the robbers, aent
10 iii&>rm them of
Whereupon, M
t together in great
h their wivct and
I it appeared tome,
>n to uie, than oiit
:count; for while I
d that they ihould
anie into the great
mie uf which- wt«
hat q dream I taw
iid betaken mynelf
turbvd at (he newt',
it KCinied to me,
nie.t and aairl, ■• O
thy soul, and put
grievea thee will
and hi all reaped*
get over not only
>ther«, with great
att down, but re-
with the Komani."
II, I ^ot up with an
! plain, ^^ow when
(Inlileans, among
children, taw me,
upon their faces,
9esou|^ht nic not to
rneiiiies, Ufif to go
ry tu be injured by
nply with their en-
take an oath, that
:y also cast abun-
people of Jerusa-
heir country enjoy
d »pw what sorrow
ovcd with conipat-
became me to u»-
rils for the sake of .
them know I wo ild.
I had giren mdtt
liould come to m*
for their niainten-
I their own honict; .
were borne, I took
busand of the lol-
, and eighty hoiw-
llagc 0? Chabolo,
t>leiuais, aud there
tiding to get ready
nlliMive of the moat
n; of which aee man
l i .ic c . a , Th « i » thw
'.A
#■
lolghtwilh Placichiii. who was com* with two
cohorts of footmen,, and one troop- of homeiHcn,
and was sent thither by Ct.liut Uullun, to bul'n
those vitiates of IJalifee that were mar Ptole-
m^is. Upon whose casting up a bauk before the
city Ptoleiuait, 1 also pitched my I'.amp at about
the distance of sixty furlongs fiuui that village.
And now we frequently brought out our forces
at if we would light, but proc.edod no farther
than tkirtuishes at a diataiico; f^/r when riacidut
perceived th*t 1 was earnest tt/$iofue to a battle,
he was afraid and avoided it. Yet he did hot
reuiovo from the neighliourhood of I'lolemais.
•U. About this time ll was that Jonathan and
his lellow-lrgatea came. 'I'hey were sent, at we
have said filready, by .Simon, and Anuuus, the
high priest. And Jonathan • contrived how he
THE LIFE OP FLAVIUS JOS^'HUS.
18
might catch mu by tf«ai:hery i for he durst not
malie any Btlf'ni|it upon me orienly. Sohewrote
iMe the lollowiiig rpislle: "Jonathan, and those
that are witii him, and ar« sent by the pt-ople of
Jerusalem, tu Joscphua, send greeting. We arc
• tent hy-tliu principal men of Jerusalem, who
havd heard that John of Cisrhala hath laid many
antti-es for thee, to rebuke him, and to exhort him
to be subject to tliee hereafter. We are also
desirous to consult with thee about our rpmnion
concerns, and what is lit tu be dune. We there-
fore desirf. thee to coilic to us qliicHy, and to
br iig only a (ew men with thee, for this village
will not contain a great number of soUiers "—
Thus It was Uial th.y wrote, us expfirting one of
these two things, cither that I should come with-
out nriiied luon, and then they should have me
wholly in their power; or, if 1 came tyith a great
number, they should judp; me to be a public
ejiemy. Now it whs a horseman who brought
Ihclrttrr, a nian at other times bold, apd one
that bad aerVed Jn the army, under the king. It
was the accoiid hour of the night that he came,
when I was feaslinff with luy friends, and the
principal of the Oalileana. Tbia man, upon n.v
tervant a telling me, that a certain horseman of
the Jewish nation was come, was CalKil in at
my command, but did not so much as salute me
«atall,huthildouta letter, and said, '•This letter
la aent thee by tliose that areicome from Jerusa-
lem. Do thou writ.! an answer to it quickir, for I.
am obliged to return to them vfery soon." Now my
° BW"'*?"uld not but wonder at the bol.iness oT
the aoldier. But 1 desired Kiili to sit down and (up
with us; but wl«n he refused so to do, I held the
letter in my hands as | received it, and fella talk-
ing with my guests about other matters. ' But a
few tours afterward I got up. and,, when I had
dismissed the rest to go to their bids, I bid only
four 01 my lutimate frienda to stay, H.ul ordered
mv servant to g.:t some wine ready. 1 also open-
ed the letter so tlint nobody could p.rcefve if
and, undcrstaiidingtheieby preiontly the puniorl
of the writmg, 1 sealed it ur again, ami appeared
as If I had not yet read it, Lut only held it in my
ftan<ls. I ordered twenty draehiiifc sbouhl be
given the soldier for the ctmrges of his journey :
and when he took the money, and said lie thant'
• /'fi.'°.'"J'' ' P^f^'ivd that he, loved money,
and that he was to be caught chiellv by that
means, and I said to him, " I? thou wilt but drink
with us, thou Shalt have a drachma for every
gla..s thou drinkest." So he gladly cnibracta
nhis proposal, a.id drank a great d.'al of wine,
n order to get the more riibney. and was so drunk
hat at lastTie rould not keep the secrets be was
mtrusted with, but .Irscovcred them without mv
putting questions to him, viz. that a treacherous
design was contrived against me, and that I Wfls
doomed to die by those that sent him. When I
heard this, I wrote back this answer: " Josephus
to Jonathan, and those that arc with him, scnd-
eth greeting. Upon the information that
e?
carj of public affain here Into your hands, ami
return into my native country, which is what I
have desired to do a great while ; and I c.mfets 1
ought not only to cuiiii- to you as tar as Xaloth,
but lartlier, and this without your comiuands.—
But I desire you to excuse me, because i cannot
do It now, simo I watch the nibtions of I'lacidus,
who hath a mind to go up into (ialileo; and this
I do here at Chabolo. Do you ihereibre, on the
receipt ol this epistle, come hither to ue. Fare
you well.'.*
45. .When I had written thus, and giveo the
letter to be carried by the suhlier, I tent altMie
with him thirty of the Ualikuiis of the best cha-
racters, and gave theiii instructions to s.ilute
those unibusBodors, but to say nothing else' tu
them. 1 also gave orders to a* many of those
armed men. whom I esteemed must hithful to
me, to go along with the others, every one wiib
him whom ho was to guard, lest some conversa-
tion miKht pass between those whom I aent ami
those that were with Jounthai. So these men
went [to Jonathan.! But when Jonathan and
bis partners had failed in this their first attempt,
they sent inu another letter, the contents where-
of were as follows: "Jonathan and those with
bun, to Josephus, send (creeliiiK. We require thee
to <nnie to us at the villu(;e ol (Jalmrotli, on the
thud day, without any armed men, that we may
hear what thou hast to lay t.o the clivge of John
[of tiiaihal..."] When they had writl.rn ihis Mi-
ter, they saluted the (Jidileuiis whom I sent, MM
came to Japha, which was the largest village of
alt Galilee, and enconipasstil with very strong
walls, and had a great numb«.r of iiiliabitants in
It. i here the niullitudo of men with tlicir wives
and children met them, and exclaimed loudly
against them, and desired tin in to be goii. , and
not to envy them the advantajii' of an e \<> lb nt
commander. With these ehiiiiois Joniiiln,,, :,ih1
his pnrtncre were greatly provoked, ultliuii- h
they durst not show their anger openly: «c, thj^v
made them no. answer,, but w. nt to other lilla".
ges.^ But still the same clamors iiiettluiii lioirt
all the people, who aaid, "Aobody should lar-
suade them to have any i>lher cuiiimandiir be-
sides Josephus.? So J^jnaihan end his puitncrs
went away from them witHoiit success; 5iiJ ranie
to Senphoris, the greatest city o{ all fialilee.
JVow tlio nien ol tha^city who im lined to the Ko-
maps m their sentiments, met tiie/n indee<l, but
lieither prai.sed nor reproached ^le; aiid when
they were gone down from Sejiphiiris to Asorhis
l>ic people of that place nrtde li cljimor against
(htm as those of Japha had doije. Whereupon
they were able (o tontain theiiisrives no longer
but ordtred the armed men.tliaj' were with thiin
to b.ut thotc that -made the cfanjor ivith Iheii
clubs. And when they came .4^ Gabara, John
met them with three thoiisaiid/^r^t.d men; but
as I understood by their letl.r, that they had re-'
solved to fight against uj>> I arose from Chabo-
lo^ with three thousand finned men also, but left
111 my camp one of my fast.st friends, and came
to Jo(npa(a, as desirous to be near them, the dis-
tance being no iiir)rc t)ia;i forty furlongs. Whence
I wrote (lius to th*iu: " if you are very desirous
that I should come to you, you know there are
two hundred and forty'cities and vtllagca in Ga-
lilee, I will collie to any of them srtiich you
['lease, cxceptijip Oabar.i and Gisohala; the one
of which is John's native, city, and the other lu
confederacy and fiiend.ihip with him."
46. When Jonathan and his pawners had re.
ceived this letter, they wrote' me no.more answers,
but calleda council of their friends together, and
taking John in(o their consultation tiiev took
counsel together by what means thev might at-
tack me. John's opinion wa.s, that ihey-shouM •
\
a r gcomr^nheid/hn. II y ''•'■" '' ' >" '! ""• ' '" '» " " """"i'" ond village^ that we r e n
WIS eapeciallj, because I can now reajgn the t^ro pe«ons in every one of them that WM at
i
f-\
li
i
di — _.
•i
14 TflE LIFE OF FI
' TarUncf with mfi«iSta(l -tfail thcjr (hould Im iDvil-
ril In roiiMi to o'pnoM me im «n fnrni)'. I{l«
would alio ht«« inain irnd thit rvioliilioii of
tliBiri tn the city o( Jcrutalrni, that ilf ciliiciii,
U)>oa tlia kiwwIrdKa of my bcin^ adjud^rd t(i br
itii «ni^iiipr by (h« (iald^uiia, iiiigbt tli«nii<ilvrt
alio CtiiWinii (hat deti^riiiinalion. He aaid alio,
that when lliii wa* donv, even thou Ual'dfMM
who were well attecli^d to nw would de»ert ilie
out of fear. When John had j^iven thrin Ihii
counul, what he hud tuid wna very ugrreuble to
the red of them. I wai nl»o made acquaintrd
with thete affairt about the third hoiir of the
niKbl, by the meana of one !4acchcui, who had
belonged to theui, but now deterted them and
raniu over to m«, und told nip what they were
about: au 1 ptTceived that im time wai to be lo*l.
Accordingly I gnve.romnmnd to Jacob, an armed
man of my guard, whom 1 eiteemed faithrul to
me, til take two hundred men, and tn guard the
pastagci that led froni Uabara to Ualilee.'and to
a^iie u|xin the iwMengera, and tend them to m«',
eip4'cially such ai were caught with I'ltter*
uliuutthem: I alto tent JercniiaiT hinitelf, one
u( niir friendi, with aix hundred armed rtien, (o
liifl bordera of Galilee, in order to watch the
riiaila that led from thit country to the city Jer-
uaalcni, and gave him charge to liiy hold of tuch
aa truvelled with letter! nbout them, to keep the
men in bonds upon tb« place, but to tend me the
tcttert.
.47. When I had lain thete cnmmknda upon
Ihem, I gave tbem ordert, and bid them to. take
their anui and bring three diiyt' proviaion with
ihcm, and be with we the next day. I alio part'
ed tboie that were about me iiito'four parti, and
ordained thoie of them that wt-ro mott faithful to
me to be a (j^ard to my body. I alto let over
them centurioua, and commanded (hem to lake
care that not a tuldier whicli they did not know
ihould mingle himtelf among thrm, Now on the
fifth dav followine, when fwia in Uubarolh, 1
found the entire plain that wai before the village
full of armed men, who were come out of Gali-
lee to aiaitt hie; ninny othert of the multitude
alio, out of the village, ran along with me. liut
^ at loon at I bad taken my place, and iMgan to
•peak to them they all made nn acclamation,
and called mo the benefactor and laviour of the
country. And when I had iniide them my ar-
knowledgmcnti, and thanked them, [for their af-
fection to mo,] I alto advited thiiu to light* with
iiubody, nor to tpoil the country; but to pitch
toeir tent! in the plain, and lie dontrnt with* tjie
sustenance they hod brought tviththem; forltold
them that 1 had a mind to compose these troubles
witbqut shedding any blood. Aow it rame to
pass, that on the very same dny those who were
sent by John With letters, fill nniong the guards
whom I had unpointed to watch the roads; so
the men were tlicmsrlvcs kept upon the place,
as my orders were, but I got the letters, which
were full of reproaches and lies, and I intended
tn fall upon these men without saying a word of
I these matters to any body.
48. Now as soon as Jonathan and hii compa-
nions heard of my comihi'i they took all their
own friends, and John with theiiii and irctired to
.\ the house of Jesus, which indeed was a large
Vastle, and no way unlike a citadel; so they pri-
vu'ely laidabaiid of amied men therein, aiid shut
' all tne other« doors but one, w.hich tliey kept
• Joif^jMlis's directions to biif soldiers here are much
the same tlintalohn the Baptist save, Lufte iii. U," Ilo
violence to no mnn^eitlier nrrusi; any raltely, and he
content with your wanes." Whence Dr. Hudson ron-
firms this ronjetiiire, that Josiephus, i^ lonie thin|ni,
was, even now.a lotlowcr of John tlic Baptist; wliich
' 1 no way improbalilc. Sec the note on sec. 2.
I We licru lull III ilie ptaciirc oil tlie Jews, in tne days
of Josephus, to inqiiire into the r linrnrterS of witnesses,
iMftre they were admitied.nnd tliat their number ought
AVIUS JORRPIIUS. '
open; and they expected tnat I ihould coma out
of the road In them, to salute them. And indeed
they had given ordfrs la the armed me.ii, thai
whin I came thry ihould let nobody beildei ma
rnnie in, but should exclude nihrrt; ai tup|Hi.iing
thai, by thit mraiii, they ihould eaaily gel ma
under Ihrir power; but they were deceived li|
their expectation; for I perceivml what snares
they had laid for me. Now as soon ai I was got
off my journey, I took up my. Imlglnga over
agajnil them, and pretended to be asleep; so Jo-
nathan and his party, thinking that I Was really
asleep and at rest, niailn haole to go down into
the plain, to persuadn the people that I was ••
ill governor. Uut the matter proved otherwise,
for upon their appeanince, there was a cry mad*
by tne (Inlileans immediHli'ly, declaring their
gooil opinion of me al their governor; and they
made a clamor against Jonathan and his part-
nei-t, for coming to Ihem when they had lunered
no harm, and as (hough they would overturn
their happy scttlerticnl; and deiired them by all •
meUnt to go buck again, fur that they woulil.
never be persuaded tu hare any other to rule
ovvrtheni but myself. When I neard of this, I
did not fear to go down into the midst of them;
r Went therefore invtrif down presently to hear
what Jonathan and his companions said. As soon
as I appeared, there was iniiuediatelv an accla-
mation made to me by the whole multitude, and
a cry in my commendation by them, who con-
fessed their tlinnki' were owing to nie for m^
good government of them.
49. When Jonathanwnd hit companions heard
thls,thcv were in fear of their own lives, and in
danger lest they should be assaulted by the Ga-
lileans on my account; so they contrived how
they might run away. Rut as tiiey n i re not able
to get on, for I desired them to stay, they jnoked
down with concern at my words to them. 1 op-
dereij therefore the mi.'liiliide to restrain entire-
ly their acclamations, and placed the most faithful
of my armed men upon . the avenues, to be u
guard to us, lest John ohoutd unexpectedly fall
npnn lis: and I encouraged the Gnlili uns to take
llicli' weapons, le^it they ulinuldbe ilisturlied at
their enemies, if any sudden assault should be
niade upon them. And then, in the first ploce, I
mit Jonathan and his partners in mind of their
[former] letter, and after what manner they had
written to me, and declared they were sent by
the common consent of the people of Jerusalem,
to make up the diflcrences I had with John, and
bow they had desired me to come to them; and
as I rpake thus, I publicly showed that letter
tliey had written, till they could not nt all deny
what they had done, the letter itself convicting
them. I then said, " O Jonathan, and you that
are icntiwith him as his colleagues, if I were to
be judged as to niy behavior, compared witli
that of John's, .nnd' had brought no more than
(wof or three witriiisses, i^ood men nnd true, it h
plain you had been forced, upon the examination
of their charnctcrs beforehand, to dischaM[e the
accusations: that therefore you may be intorm^d
thai I have acted well in the nflTairg of Galilee, I
thirili three witnesses too few to be brought by a
man that hath done as he ought to do; so I give
Tou nil these for witnesses. Inquire of them}
how I have lived, and whether I- have not be-
hnved myself With all decency, and after a vir-
tuous manner among them. And I further con-
to tic lliree, or two nt the least, also exactly as in th«
law of Moses, and in (lie Aposlolirai Constitutions, B:
li.rli.xxxvii. Hce Ilorcli Covenant Revived, p. 117, 08
frills appeal to the whole body of the Galileans bf'
Joxephus, and the testimony they nave him Of ihlef-
rily in his rondurt, ns their governor, is very like that
aBpenlnnil Icstinionv in tlic rase of the prophet H.m.
'M^
ucl, 1 Snm. xii. 1—5, and perbapa was dona by Jote-
plius in imitation of him.
(.
THE UFK OF FLAVIL'M JOHEFIIL'S.
I thould coiiit out
Ihcnt. And iodcm)
I ■riiied mr.n, Ibal
nubody bvildi!! m*
Ihrrt; Ni aupponing
)ul(l c«»iljr ftl pit!
reivml what latrci
■ irioH M 1 wai got
niV' lodging* ovfr
br kulcrp; io Jo<
{ lh«t I wa* really
« to Ko down into
i|)le Inst I waa ••
proved othrrwiic,
i!r« waa n cry made
ly, declaring thtir
ovrrnor; and they
than and hit part-
n they had tunerad
y would overturn
leiirrd them by all -
r that thry would.
any other to rule
1 I neard of Ihia, I
:he iiiidtt of thcin;
1 pmently to hear
lion* aaid. At toon
lit'diatclv an arcla-
lolc niultilnde, and
>y them, who con-
ing to nie for my
» compnniont heard
r oivn livlea, and in
vaulted by the Ga-
ley contrived how
tiiey nrrc not ablo
itny, they looked
dit to theni. 1 oi^
to rc'ttraiir entire-
ed the molt faithful
nvcnuea, to bo n
unexpectedly fall
e (inlil> una to takie
Id be disturbed at
ussuult thould be
in the lirit place, I
1 in mind of their
t manner they had
Ihcy were tent by
ople of Jeruaalem,
ail with John, and
ome to them; and
huwed that letter
lid not nt all deny
r itaeir convicting
than, and you that
igues, if I were to
r, compared witti
ght no more than
men nnd true, it h
)n the examination
I, to dinchaive the
u may be infurnied
iffairg of Cinlilec, I
;o be brought by a
htto do; to I give
Inquire of them)
er I' have not be-
', and after a vir-
Lnd I further con-
lap exnrlly ni in th«
rnl Conatilutlont, B;
It Revived, p. 97, 08
r of tlieGalileantby'
gave him of ihteg-
nor, it very like that
y( the prophet Bam-
j«ea yo«, O CtUleant, to hide no part of the
inilli. but to apeak before thtte men *• liel'ore
judicea. whrthr.r i have in any thing ucli d other-
wiw than well."
Ml While I was itiiia apeakin|ri Che united |
voiovt of ull the people juirttd loivflliiT, and
CMlled niu their beni factor and tHviniir, and at-
tinted to my fiiriiier bi'Imvliiiir, and rklioileil nie
toriintinue an (o do hereafter; and they ujl liiiil,
upon thi ir uiitha, Ihitt their ivlvra had lirrn pro-
aerved free frum iniuriea, and that no one niid
ever been titifrii'ved by me. After Ihia, 1 reiid
(11 the llulileuiit two of 'tlioait epi«tlei nhieh had
iiei n n!Ut by Joniitliiin and hln colleu|;iie<, and
whieh thoae whciiii Ihiid apiminlial In liiiuni the
road hiul taken, nnd aeiit In in*. '»(i|.«i. were full
of repriMieheaiind III liesaaif I had jictid mure like
M lyranl thiiii a mivernur ii;(nin«t tlleiii, »v)lli iiinny
other tliiiifn bitidea therein eoijtiiiiied, nhieli
were no belter indeed llinnimpudi<iil I'uUiliea. I
alao iliforiiied the multitude hiitv I Vniiie by thcae
letlcra, and that thoae who eiirrii\( theiii d< li-
vered theili up voluntiy-iiy ; for I wiii-not Hillinp
thut my encmieii ahiiiihj'know »iiv Ihiii^ i>f tite
Kuiinit I had aet, leat tlfey abould U^ iilruid, nnd
It.avi! oil' writi'ng hereiifM'r.
Al. When the laultiiude heard tlieae tliiiio-*,
they wom urenlly provAked at Joii.ithun, oiid Fiia
colli OKiiea that wire Utth him, mur were .'iiinir
to attack them ami till them; mid this they
nad certainly done, uLleai I had reslrliiiii d the
anger of the Uulili-aoa, and auid, 'lhut''l lor-
Ifi
I wot dona, by Joae-
^ UngL. , „ *-«..., .M,B, «4,,, nuiti, t|iui--i lur
7^ C Rave Jonathan and hi% cdlleagiiiw what wna patt
if they would rejient, and go to theirjiwn coun-
try, and till thoae »vho aunt them the triUb, as tii
my conduct." Win n riind anid lhi<, Ilet lliem
RO, although ^I kiii-w tli.y would do liolhiiij; of
what they hiid promised. Hut the multitude
were wry mtirli inniged ORoinst them, and eii-
trcnted me to (;ive them leave Io punish tliem for
tlieir lUNoltnce; yet did 1 trv all methods to iier-
auodc them tu eparc the men;- for I knew tliiil
every iiisldiiie of "edition wna pernicioiia to the
public ivellare. Hut Ihe multitude were Km. im-
gry with them to be diiiaUaded, and ull ol tliem
' _ »»eiit immediately to the home in which . lono-
than and his colleagues aljode. Hmvevi r, when
1 perceived that their ra^'e could not 'be re-
alrniiied, 1 got on homobaek, and crdepul the
multitude to fi.llow iiiii to the village ■Si>pane,
which wa» twenty furldfiga oir (iabaia; iind.bv
using thia alr.ilngem, I so managed myself, as
not to appear to be-'in a civil war luiioiig them.
52. But when I wot come. n«ir t^ogaiie, I
caused <he niultitodo to make n halt, unif ex-
norted thein not to be so easily provoked to
anger, and to the inllieling audi jiitniiihnients as
could not be afterward licidled; 1 also gave or-
der, that n hundred men who were already in
yeara, and were principal men among tluiii.
. , sliould get themselves ready to go In the city Je-
ruaalem, and should iliakc a complaint before the
people-, of auch as raised aeditiuns in the coun-
try. And 1 aitid to them, that, " in rase they be
moved with what you toy, you shall desire' the
community to write to me, and to enjoin me to
, f?'"'"'"" >•> t-a'ilet, and to onler Jonathan and
his colleuguea to depart out of it." When I had
suggested these instruction* to them, and while
hey were getting themaelvet ready na fast as
- they could I sent them on this errand the third
day after they had been astenibledi I also sent
five hundred armed liien with them fiis a guard.l
I then^ wrote to my friendt in Samiiria, to take
_I care that _they might safely pats through the
country ; for Sianiaria waa already under the Ko-
j niaM,and it was absolutely necessary for those
_ that go quickly [to' Jerusalem] to piss through
£^^!:^y.:y.!'.';'':f'''^P^?y"' '"'lie city Tiberla.it
t elftthoUfh B ii eh I 'ro se ■ * ■ - ■ — -^ ^^m^-n^
■l^ tynogogues were
lh«t ciiuHlry ; Ch' in that road you hay, In tbrt*
days' time. ^i. fmni (ialilca to Jeniawleni. I alto
w'eiil niy»ell, BiiAconducted the 6hl men at far aa
the biMind. Ill f.nlilee, and tet runrdt in |h«
rolula, that It niiKhl uot b« eaaily known by anr
one that tlie^. men were gone. And when I had
thuadone, I webt and abode at Japha.
i- a^; '*'.•""' •'""'"•'"n amLhit colleagiiet tiavinr
failed of acroiiiplMbing what they would have
done againat mi, they tent John back to tiiicha-
la, but went thenitelvea to Ihe eiiy Tiberiaa e*
peeling ilwiiuM aiijimit il«elfl.>tliemi and thia
WH« founded nii u letter which Jeaii*. ihxir then
governor, liiid uiillen thiin, promising, that if
they ciinie, the inultiliide would re. i iwe them,
and rh<i..»i lube iinilerlheirgo\eriinienli ai) they
went their ways nith thia e»|>ec1fKliiin. Itut Si-
liia, who, aa I a lid, had been left eilnitor of Tib*,
run by me, inloniied iu« of llijs, and de.ired iim
tu iiiake huate tliilher. Accordingly I complied
with Ilia advice immediately, and came thither,
but found myself iu danger of my life, from tbs
following occasion ; Jonathan and his ijolleaguef
had been at 'I'Iberilis, and had pei«iiaded a gnat
iifany ol such as had n ipiarr«| with me to iCaert
ine; but when they heanl MP my coming they
were in friir for tlieniaelvea, and came Io me, and
When they hud aaluted me, they anid that I wat
u happy man in having behaved niyself to well
in the government of tialilee; and ihey congra-
tulated nie upon Ihe hoiiort that were |>aid me:
for they taid.tlmt my glory wat n credit to them,
ainre they had been iiiy tiacherannd fehow-citi-
lent; and they taid farther, that it waa but juU
that they thould prefer my frteiidahip to them
rather than John'a, and that tliey would have
immediati Jy gone home, but that they ataid that
they might deliver up John into my power; and
when they auid this they took their oaths of it,
and those such as «r»- most tremendous aniongtt
11", and tuch at I did not tliink fit to disbelieve.
However, they desired me to Iqdge toniewhera
else; because the next day was the Sabbath, and
that It was not /it the city of Tiberiui should be
disturbed Pon that day.]
.M. So I susju'cted nothing, anil went away to
1 nriclii (r ; yet did I withal leave some to make in-
quirv 111 the city how niatters went, and whetfaei
tuiy thing was snid iibout me; I also set many per-
sons all the way tliat led from Tartchea- to'fibe-
n.is, that they might communicate from one
Io another, il they teamed any news from thote
Ihutwere left In the city. On the next day, there-
lore, tliey nil caiiJe into the Frosencha;* it waa
a large edilice, and capable of receiving a great
niimbirol people; thither Jonathan went in; and
fhoiigh he durst not o|ienly s|)eak of a revolt, yet
iliil lie say that their citv atooii in. need of a better
povi inor than it then had. lint Jetus, who wat
Ihe rnli.r,iii«d» no temple to tpeik out, and taid
openly. "Ofellotv-eitixens! it is belter for you
to lie in aubjeetion to four than to one; ond thote
such as are of high birth,nnd not without reputa-
tion for their wiadouii" ami pointed to Jonathan
and lus. colleagues. Upon his saying this, Juttua
come in nnd commended him for whot he had
anid, and nersuadeik^ojiie of th« people to be of
his mind also. "But the midlitiide Were not plea-
sed with what wat aoid, and had certainly gone
into a tumuli, unless the tixth hour which was
now come had diasolved the aaaembly, at which
hour our law requires ua to go to dinner on Sab-
Uath-days; to Jonathan and his colleaguet put
off their council till the next day, and went off
without tuccAt. When I wat informed of theie
affairt, I determined to go to the city of Tiberias
in the morning. Accordingly, on tfie next day,
about the firtt hour of the d«y> 1 came from Tari-
our remark, thut Ihe Jowt "
■#f-
wiuiin'x^^'^f .iei^ir-u ! S£^:^s,;^^^!;^i^^«i^•^»'^'^^
B2
10
TliK LIFE Of KI.AVIt'H JOHKPIII'S. '
■J
I ?!
!■
ii
•'hra, ^iiil foutiil th<i iiiiillilwl« •Irrmly RiuniMni
•II the I'ruMutiliitl I'Ul un tnhat iucomiiI Itiiy Imil
I{4>IUb (ufithir, lhi»« (hat wi:r« iHitiiiliUi^ iliii
not kitow.. llutMihiiiiJun«tliiiiiiiinllii<('ull<iH|(iir>
•aw iiir ihcrii un«»|>*i'liuirri tbry kith in iliaor-
(l*r; HCU'r wliii li thkjr rM|i<'il ■ ri'|i'ur( iif ihvit unii
t'un<rivaiii*M?. (hiil Ruiimii Imrniiii ii with ai'iii ut
• ulaci' ulletl l/iiiuii, iii Ihn ttonten ul' liuliiix.
Ihirty l'urluii|c<iliii(iiiil iVixu the i-ily. I^ioii whit li
ni|iurt Juiiiiltian iiiiil (liai'iilUiKiKi euiliHii|;ly i'^^
hurled IMC ii.it luiii'j;|ri't tliiiMiii<li'r,"i(ui^iii<uiri r
lh« Itt/id III liii •(iiiilctl by Ilia tmiiiy. ,v^il llil»
iboy tuld mill u ili,'>y(U to rriiiiivv imi nut nt'tlin
cily, uiiiltr (lie pn^Riier til' lli« »ni.it ul fklruiM-f
■Jliwry nMi>liiii('t', wllilv lliiy iiii|(lit ili>||»^r tlu'
citr to liti my inuiiiv. - "■
95. Ai till' iiiyiii'|l,iiltlinii;li I kiiiw of llii'ir ilf-
tign, v<t iliil I Cuiiiul^ Willi wliiit tliiy |>i'ii(ifiaiil,
li>{ lli« pcoplii of Tibiriim uliiiulil liii\i: onHniiiii
tu'iiii|i|>ii>r, tiial i nat iiut niiiliilurtlu iriiirurlly.
I thiTclun! HI III out; but nhcti 1 whh iiI the plui')',
I fuuiiil nut lh« k<HiiHiiuUU'|m iifiiiiy rni iiiVi ou
i rvluriicd Ul fatt «• cvvr 1 €uulil, mid ruunil lint
whulu cuulicil BMCiuhli-'il. uud Ihu liudy u( tlie
pcu|ik KU(l<'ii loKi'tlier, and Jimutliuii uiidtiiitcul-
leaKUi't brin^iiiK Vihrliiviit ncouaiitioni a;;ainsl
m<i, ua una who hod iiu t'uiKurn lii>m<ii- Ihtuiiil
the biirdi'iM ut' wiir, uiid aa un« lliut livrd lti\ri-
rluualy. And u» tlivy wcri' dincouiaiii^ tliua, lliuy
produced fnur lettira u« wrilti'n ti) lliiiii, I'lhiii
aouic pt'ople Iliut livid ut l|iii burilcra ul' (■uldit',
imploring that tluy tvuuld Cuinu t» tlmir uni'\->{-
mice, for thai tlierv vmt un urniy ol' Koniuna, tiulli
horaciilcn and riiutnicn, whu would ciiinc mid luy
wuale ll|e country un the thini duy; tiny diairid
ibt'Ui uIko tu iniike haatt', und nut tii ovirliiok
them. VV'linn tiia people of Tiberiua hiurd tliia,
they lbou|;ht thry apake truth, und nnide ii
clamour ui^uinit me,' und aaid, I uu);hl not to ail
atill, but to go iiwuy lo the iirhiatuiKc uf iht ir
countrymen. Ilurenpon I tuid, (fur 1 undertliiod
the incanlii); uf Jonulhaii mid hia collcii<;u('«,)
that I waa reudr to comply tvilh niml tlier piii>
|>oaed, und tvitliuiit delay to inurch lo lin' fV'<r
which they tipukti uf; yet did I udvixe tlieni. ul
the tame lime, that since these lettera declured
that the Roninns would nnike llieir uaauult in four
t^verul ptacea, they ahonid purl their fur«'«j» iiiOi
tive badita, and nii.ike JumithanHnd hiaculleu^ues
renerala of eiich liiiily of them, becanae ill Wiii
lit for brave men, nut unly to ||;ive I'uunveMiiit tu
take the placu of Iettder8,-^iid nsai"! their couiu
trynien when auclr u lieceesity pieaMcd them; tur,
Mill I, it ia ntit poaaiblu for mi: to li ud inure than
one party. This advice of mine ;;reatly pleaaed
the multitude; to they eonipelled thini to ^'o
forth to the war. Itut their di ai);iia were put iiilo
very much disorih:r, bccuuse they hud nut dum:
what they designiKt to do on aciyjunt Of my atra-
ta);cm, which wiia opposite to llieir undei'tukiiip;a.
56. Wow there waa one, whuiie iiunie waa Ana-"
nias, awickcd man ho waa, itiid very iitisrhievuua;
he propound that a "eiieral rdi^ioua faal* ahould
be appointed the next day, forull the people, and
l^ave order Unit at the anme hour tliey should
coAii; to the anmc place without any weuponi^, to
make it manifeal before Ciod, that while they ob-
tained hia aaaiatniice they thou<;hl all theae wea-
pnni uaeless. Thiif he aaid, not out of piety, but
that they ini{;ht catch me and my friends unarm-
ed. How 1 WOa hereupon forced to comply, lest
1 abould appear tudesniae a proposal that tended
to pietv. As goon, tlierefore, aa we were koiic
home, Jonathan and his coliuaguea wrote to John,
' to come to them in the Hibrhin;;, und desiring
him to Come with as many aoldiers aa hi; |iosai-
bly (ould, for that they should tlieii be able eaiiily
to get me into their hands, and to do all they desir-
ed tu do. When John had received this letter, he
— * One may utwe rr e lie r ii. that thialay I ' ha r Uce Ana-
Dlu9,a£ wc have Men tie wa«, acrt. 39, look upfin Iiiiu to
rraolvcd t> ciiiiiply uilh it. At lur myaell', un
Ihu ncil day, I orden d lvt» of the guarda ol my
boily, whom I lalrmied llin uioat t.Our«Keoit(i
and iiiual liiilhful, to liiilr diiKifi ra under lh»lr
aurmenta, niid to |(o uliiUKMilh iiie.iliiitMemlKbl
liiii lid oiinelviii, 11 niiy ullai k ahiiulil Im mad*
upon ua by uur I'lieniif a. 1 uUu invaill Imik m^
brrnat-plute, und |(lr<leil on iily iwiird. ao thai II
iniKhl lj«, «a fiU' li^it waa puaaible, Cuiicialed,uild
cuiiie iiilo the CriMeiichu.
AT. ^iuw Jeani, v\hu waa Ihe ruler, roniHiaiided
that they thoiihl i \i luile nil that eunie tvitli me,
for he kepi (lie <looi> liiiiiai It, iinil anlleit d none
but hia frii nda to fiti in. Anil while we were an-
KM'|;eil ill the liuluii uf the ilu} , uiid lind belakru
iiiirailvea to our pruyri'a, Je<u* ((ui up, and in-
iiuiiii! uf me whiit 'wu>l biCunrti of the vnijeU
liinl iviie luk< n uiii ol llie kiii<i'a pulurr, when it
wun burnt iliiuii, [iiiiilj ul that uiicuiiud ail'. er;
und in whuaii iiua««>»Hiiin they now werr.1 1'hia
heauiil, in uriier to drive uuny time till JohH/
ahonhl conii'. I auill fliat Ciipi Una, und ll)e ten
piiiicliitil mm ol 'I'ilieriaa, liiid ihem idl ; und I
told him that he uii^ht luk tlieui whellier 1 luld
alieiij.not. Andvvlii n the) aaid iliey hu.l tli<m,
he u<lied me, i\).;it i« bieome of Ihoae twenty
piecea ol )>olil wliivli llii'ii ilidat receive upon the
vule ol a ci rtuiu Hi i);lij^ uf uncuii|ed nioneV '/ I
replied, that 1 had |>ivi^n tin ni lo lliuae.unlbaaaa-'
dura of llieiis aa u niaintenifiice fur them, when
Ihey were ai nl l<v llii in lo Jefii.iiuleiii. ^\t Junu-
tlian and hit i ollea»iiea auid, that I had hut dune
well lu pay Ihu aiiihaaaiidora out uf the public
niuney. Xnd when the multitude were viry
anury lit Ihnn for lliin, for tiley larreiveil the
wicki'dneM of the nii n, I understood that a tu-
innlt was |;uin<; lo uriae; und beiiif; iT^Miona to
provoke tlie pi uplr lo a f;ri'uti r ru);o a;;i|iiiat the
men, I »aiil, "Ilul if I have not doint will in puy-
in^' uur oinbuaaudura unt uf the jiiililic •.lock, leave
oil your Hn(f«r at me, for I will repay thii twenty
pieeeaul (;uld niyaill."
58. Wheii 1 had aaid tliia, .lonnllian und hiacol-
leu;;iiea hehl llieir peace; bill the people were atill
more iriilated U|;uiiiyt th> in, lipiln their openly
ahowiiiir their uniuat ill-will to ilie. When Jeaua
saw Ihia elinii};!' ni the |a'o|i|i', he ordered them
lu ile{:arl, biit dcaired the xi ii.iie to atav ; fur lliul
they roll Id Ofit lAiiuiiiie lliiiH;i uf^aiicli uyiatuie
inulumiill; und, aa the peOple vtere crytllf; out
that Ihey vvniild hot have liie iiloiie, therli cume
one iinil'told Jesus and hia frieniia priv^itily, that
John und hia armed men were ul tiaiitf; wliere-
upuii JuiiathuM und bja rul|eH);ni-a, hi |n|!; ulde to
contain ihemaelvea nu lunger, (und perliapa the
|iMvideiice uf Hod hereby jirocurin}; my deli^
verniice; fu;-, huel not Ihia lieen so, I hud cer-
tainly, been deatroyi-d by John,') sail, " O yj>u '
people of Tiheriua; lenvi< o|f this impiiry iiiidut
the iivcnty pieces of (("I''! for .Foaephua hath not
derierved to die for. ihi m. but he hath deserved it
by lijadcaire of tyi'anni/.iii|;, aiid bj cheating the
multituili: of the (lalileans with hiaajH'tchea, in
'i^^.
%.
order to i^ain the doniiniini over Iheni;" When
he had said this, tbey (jreaeolly laid handa upon
inc, and endeavored lu kill me; bu|, us soon ua
those that Were with me saw what they did, they,
ilreW tlieil* aworda, and lhriiilen«<l to amitc them,
if they oll'ered uiiy violei;c« to me. The peopH;
also took lip stoiu si and were about to throw them
at JonnllKin ; niid so they snuU'lied ine from the
violence of iny eiirinii'i. *
59. liiit. ua 1 was f;oiie out a little wav, I wus
just upoli inerlin)!^ John, who wiia marchiiiff with
nis armed men. So I was afraid of him, and
turned aside, and escaped by a iiarrow paaaage
lo the lake, and seized oh a ship, and embarked
in it, and< sailed over to Turkheu;. So, beyond
my exjiectation, I escaped ihii danger. Where-
b
h
h
o
d
1.
il
ii
ti
ai
• f.
fu
1"
■ 11
tl
ki
MI
ri
ai
tt
oi
If
tl
It
III
V ul
HI
T
hi
ca
-r e«
■ TI
Jt
be
cb
appoint a fl int at THie rl an. and w u s ul iey e il; Ihoi i g l i ill-
deed il wus not oui of reunion, but knavish policy
1 ■ ;' - ■ . . ■
Tin: UVK OF FLAVlL't) JOSKPHCa
r (liii guar>u <'( i»j
UMitl t.AuriiKroMli
Kit< ra uiujf r lliiilr
I iiif.itiiiltvciiilKbl
k ahniilil III) iiiai|«
III imai'ir liiiik 111^
y •wiiril, •<> tlmt It
ilc, £uiiciulfil,uiul
rulrr, riiiiiHiiiiKli'il
mt ciiiiii' tvitli III)',
iiimI kiHli'it il tioiii*
ytlitlr MiHfiri' nil-
, mill linil Ixlukrii
M %ui up, 1111(1 ill*
>im< 111' lliii VHijrU
lit pulmr, nliin it
t uiicuiiitil ail'. ir;
now wire.1 Thin
my tiniii till JoliH/
|ii'lluii, mill tl\i^ li'M
il llii'iii nil; Hiiil I
ii'Ui wlu^Uitr 1 tulil
liil iliiy liir.l (Ik 111,
I- iif lliosi! tivdily
it ri'Ci'iu: upun till'
cuiiM-d luoiirV t I
I Id lIlDtilMllllUHIislI*'
L'r fur tlu'iit, win ii
ii.iiilriii. >9u Juiili-
liiit I liiiil Itiit dune
nut u( I 111: puliKc
llituili^ wrii: v<r)
llrj' |Mrri"ivril llii'
:!■ r-tiiuii tliiit u (u-
lifiiiK iT^Miuiiii (u
r luni; ii^iiiiiit till'
I iloiiii will ill pii}'-
jiiililio stock, Ivave
I rcpuy tliii twiiily
iinlliun iiiul Ilia col -
lirpiopll! HI ri'ulill
lipflii till ir openly
I III)'. Whi'n Ji'fUi,
', lir (iriUrrd tlii'ni
111 to aliiv; for tliut
;» oLsiicIi H\ii:it(ii'v
ill' \(titt crytiif; out
iiloiii', tllcni cunx:
nils |i)-i\(iti ly, that
i: lit niiii)#; wluTK-
;iiLii, )ji InK ulili; to
(nnil pti'lmpH (lii>
roruring niy.ili'lt^
riii 80, I hnil ctr-
III,') sail, " O ypu ''
thin impiiry iilidut
.FoM'pliuH liaUi uot
II' liatli (Irsrrrcil it
III! Iiv clit'atini; the
til hi«>pri clirn, ill
,'( r thrill;" Wlion
y laid liaiiiU upon
III';. I)ut, as soon as
iliat tlicy did, thryi
n«<l to KMiitc thrin,
I inr. 'I'lie peopH;
bunt to throw thcui
li'ln^d iiie rraiii the
a littlu WBV, I wai
>yii8 niarcliiii); with
ifraid of hiui, and
a iiarrow pumage^
lip, and embarked"
hia.>. So, beyond
1 danger. Wnere-
17
tl^en I piMi'iilly icnl fur tk* i!hi«r of th* 0»I1- | in thn un»t plain, Ihcy ■ImiiiI iiiidniKliI Irll ■
Itant, and lohl llirin allM what iiiunntr, »f»iiM iii.imK iTil kuuiiU I had ict, who li..lh niMiiuamlril
all iHilh |iv»ii, I hail Ivrn virv iii'»r to dvttrui'- I thiiii to lav aaula (hrir WaaiHini, iiiid ktpl Ihiiii
lion Iroin Jiinalhiiii and hit riiltra|(uri, and Ihi' in lioiiilt upon llm place, a* I hitii iharKril Ihtiii
uaiipU III 'ribiriat. IJ|ion whl«li Ihv inultlludaol' loilu. 'I'lui nxwa waa wrjiirn In in* by l,ai«r.
tin (iallli»n< wehi *iiry annty, anil,,rntiiufan»d I who had the i Miiniand 01 «hal ■;imrd inniniilliid
nil' t.i diliiy no lilnijcr in iiiaki- nar u|ion lh»ii<, to hiiii by nii'. f lrrru|^in I Mid iiiiliiiii^ i>t it lor
Iml til inrimt tluni to go aun|n>t Jidiu, and iit
• iii'ly til diilniv hiui, na wi'lVua Jnitathaii and hia
ci)ll*aKur>. Iliiivi'ti r, I ri'airalnc.d tlifin, lliojiKh
lliey w»r<i in amlt a ra^r, Niiil dr^irrd llirni to
larry nwhiln, till hi> ahuuld t(« inliirmml what
'irilm tlioaii uhihaadnlora Unit wcrx af nt by Ihriii
t'l till' city iil'Jiriiaiiliin,>hon|il briiiK tiiaiiri'; for
I told Ihini that il waa lirtt lor tin in U\ ml ac-
lunllng lu thiilr iltli nninulion; nhirriipuu thi'jc
Iwiidaya; and, pritindiiiK in know iiothiii|( aliuul
il. I Milt a niia>iix« IoiIh piiipUof Tibcriat, ami
ailviu'd Ih^nilo lay Ihdir iiiiiia atido, and lu ilit-
iuIm Ihi'ir Bi II, that they HiiKht (to hufur. ^u<^
•MpiKiaiiiK thlit Jonathan, ami liniai' ihakjl^rn''
Willi him, wirr already arrivvd A JeruMtttnii
tliry iimdi> rrproarhlul an>w«IV tiTiiii ; yal h||ii
1 not Irrririid Ihiridiy, liiil'Aiiilriviil another
•tralaKriii af^ainat lh»ni; fur (did nut think ^-
wiri' priuiili'il On. At' which limti alaO, Joliii, | aKrceiible with piety to kiiidlv llu' iin- i.l' ■»»'V«^«.
" "" ' ■ ' ■■ ' '" " ' " " ""'' * ' aKalnut the Kitiicna. At 1 waa (jrairuua to ili<aw
lliiiiic iiicn nwiiy Iroin Tibcruta, 'I cln-ac out Ini
thouaand of thn I'li'otof my arnud mm liiiil id.-
vided lliini into llm c boil ira, and ordprml ihcui
(■Vko privntrly, niiil lie atill na nil ninbuali in lil"
NllaKct. I ulao lid a thoiiaand into aiiolhrr '
yillHRe, which liiy indcid |n the nionnlainii, aa ~'
dill tiM' iitlicra, lint only fiiur liji'liiniiailiatiint from
'I'ilieiiin, nnil Riivi: iirdi ra, tlmt hIii n (liiy aaw
iil>in the anari'alii' hail laid did not (ak« cDm:!,
riluniiil bark III (ijhilialu.
•iU. iNiiw ill a few diiy n tlioti' anilina idoni if honi
wii bnil ai nt, ciinii- Imck iiKidn ami inlurint'd ua,
at the piopUi Willi grcally provoked at Aiiiii>
and Miiiiiii tlii' aun of iiai'nulii I, and llitir
tViinilai llinl, withmit any public dFtrrniiiiatlon,
lliiy had aiiit In tliililcc, and liail done thiircn-
dfavora Uiat 1 iiiiKht liii tiirn<|'d out of the ku-
vurnnicnl. 'I'lic ainlmaaadnm aiiid I'liillirr, lliut
» Ml iyi T i l ; tl i oi i g l i ill-
tknaviah policy
llm piiipln Hirii niiily to burn l)icir liouart.^-
, 'I'hiy uUo broiijjljt littcra, whinliv llm chi«f
iiirn of Jihiaiikin, at the carni'tt pi'litloli of ffie
■ people, conririiit'd me in the Koveiiiiiunt of Cin-
Iilee, and tnjoilied Jiinalhan and hia collen^Uea
to letnrn hoiile ipiii kly. When I had gotten
Mil -e lettira, 1 cniiic to tile villii((e Arlula, uliire
^ ' I'"''"'"'''''' "II "'••einldv of tlatialiliunalo t,
•mil bid the aiiibiiasmroril declare to lh«iii the
''"(;•■«' "'' (he pi'iipir ,>(• .liruaaleii) at what had
tie.nddiiebyJoiriiliiiii and hia collenitma, and-
how much tfiey hnti d itii ir Wicked doinjia, and
'"'"' ''"'V 'i'"' conliriiuil me in the pu\erniiie(it
"' '•'c''' •'! try; hhiiIh,. «l»it ril.itid tollie or-
di r they liiid ni \v^iti|l^' In' Joimtljuji and liiacol-
''■"K"e« to leliiiii hi.ii,,. So I iiniii.:dialily aint
them the letter, and Iml hurt that cmrli d' it In
impure, aa welt a« In; coulJ, hoW tin v iiiti nilid
to act [on thiaiiccMaioii.j r'
'., <>l. Aow when they liiid reorived that lt((ei',
and were tin reliy pi-.nilv ili..,lurlied, tiny a, nt
; . . lor Joliii, Hinl for tile « Iiutor< of 'JilieriiH, iind'
'T the priiicipiil mi'u of tiM! t;»t»irena, und pl•l.■
I">»•'d lo hold a conned, nnil de.iind tliiiif lo c/in"-
^. ■ 'ider what waa to he done by rhem. Il.mnir,
^ "»<■ Boviriiora of Tiberial wi I'O K'eiHly dii.4:o,i (I to
I"";''!' the Kovernnieut to tlienm |ye<; fur thu
'^ 'uid it waa uot fit lo di;aert tlieircily imiv '[( \vii"*
' roinmittid to their trnrt and 4lint ollier\vi»« I
. lihould not delay Ic full upon them; for lliiv
pretended falaely that HI I litid Oil lull hill t.utu.
.Vow John wad not oi,l\ of tin ic oiininn, Iml
iidviaed thiiii that tuo ■if tliein should po to ac-
cuse mc before llie lhllltitl.l^e, |at .('i rn-iit(iii,j j
••'«l ( do not niannst' the allaii'^ oftliiljlic u» |'
ouKht to do, and thai (Ik V would easily p. rMl.illi-
tie people, becHiiae of their il%nity, iilid biciin'si-
the wholeniultilude are very iiiiiialile. When
tllerefore it appeared that Joliii liiid sie.'L'etiti d
the wiaest advice to them, they riMdved that (wo
- . of theiu, Jonathan and Ananiaa, aliunid i-o to the
'i^ ''*';i''" "'•''"""''■"'>'>'"' t'lf "t'ler tc.o' 1 Simon
and JoaiarJ should In, Itit behind to (iirry lit
liberias. They aim look along' wilh them ii
bundn'daohlieia for their cnurd.
'W- 'ivwever, the KovernoM of Tiberiiia look
cSMifoTinve their eliv wrured with wntU, and
1,:=*-^ [Wninanded their inhabitanta to take their uriiia.
-^-^ . |n*y alfJ "cnt lor a great many aoldiers from
John to ii-.sist Hum aRuinat me, if there ahmild
be occbaion for them. Mow John wan nt Gis-
chala. Jonathan thi'cefon',iind(ho«e that wire
with bini, when thiy were departed from Tihi
I am ! i iv hijiin a;- ■
u(;t that I.
Ill) aiK'riid, (beyr ahould ronie down iiiiineiirtlelv:
wilile I iiiyaeir lay vvitli my aolilii^a, iij |lv,: iii^lii
ofcvtry lioi'y; llereiipoii llii'jftople 01 'I'llie'
riaa, nt thii»iVht i)f me, caiiii><^iiiniii;r H'll uf tlie
city p('r|ii'tmdly, and abi^^me ({renlly. N'ay
their Hiadiiiaa naa i ijiiie to that hi:i);ht,'llin( liny
made n ilecrnt bier for iiie,iiiril »l.iiiiliiii^uh.,iit it,
tiny nnnirned over me iii llie way ul j< -t and
aport; and 1 conlil not but he myaeli' in u pleatniit
hiinior npiin the tight of tliia niailiicpi oi tlieiii-.
I'.l. And now, being lUiirnua lo cutch Simon
by a wile, nnd Joarar wi;h him, I aentil ineaaaxe
to them, mid deiired (lieiM tu come a little wat
OIK of Ihc city, with liiiiny of their Uiinda to
)(ii..i'd them; Air I tuld I Vvouhl comr ihjun to
Ilirin, and make ii liiauiie with them, itnil ilitiile-
llie goviTiimenl of (laliler uilh Ihiiii. Accord-
iii)rly Simon wan diluded on iircoiint of hit iiii-
prndence, and nut of the hopi a of (iuiii, and did
not delay tn I'oinei but Joauir auapectiiiK aiinrea
Were litjd for him, iiaid behind. Sonheii Siinon
HMM'o|»eoiH,and hia friehda Hitli_ him lor Ilia
Knurd, 1 met him, and aaluti d liiiii ivilh^reat
rivdity, and profcaaed that ( w:ia oldimil lo him
lor Ilia condn^' up to mc; but a tifile uhile niter-
uiMil I Walkiil (duiinwiih him. ii!itlior:;li I uoulll
►ay Minii thing lo him In iiu>i|l', ioid, »hi ii I hii/l
drawn him a good way iioni Ida Irii iiil>, I lotlit
liiih iilioni the middle, mid giiv("trfi;i lu niv Iriendii
that were Willi me, to i iirry liliii iiil. a' villigi!;
nnd, coniiimndlng iny iinneii iih :i in < .on (I'lnvui
I vulh them iii.iin- iin iHaaidf ii'ini. I ni uat^
.Vow MS the lij.'h( (fiiiv h. t ciii'l.i,iii .lilia, nnif
tiie ►oldiir* belonging to '1 iin ilu. Here in a
fair wiiy to com|nir me, (furnn uruii ,t mi n lyere
alreaily lied itWiiy,) I aiiw the' pi'Mnre of niy uf-
laii>; and encouragini; tliu'o lh.;t ueic with iii«,
I puraind lliose of libi riii.., eiin ulicn they
I'.eir idicidy conipieroiii, into llii city. I aliii
•cut iinotiier band of Koldiera into tlii':city by the
hi|<e, nnd gave llieiii iirderi to ail on liie the limt
lioiiae liny couUI aeize ii|ion. Winn tliia waa .^
! done, the people of 'ijbirius ihoiiglit ihat lluir
city was taken by force, aild aolliri vv down tlieir
iiriua for (ear, and implored, they, ihi ir wive*
ii(id children, that i would apare jiji ir city. So
1 waa (lyer-persiiaded by tlieiq^K|rentie'», anil
reatrninid the fcoldiera Iron! tlie^^ffSivricy with
which they (niraiied tjieni; while I inyneK U|Kirt
Ul^ Cuming on of the e.veniiig, returned back
with my aoldiei'i'. and went to rifresli myaelf,
I uiao invited Siiluii to >n|i with me, imd roni-
forted hini oh uccaaion of what had h'a^|i|H>nrd .
nnd I proiniaiil ihat I uonlil aind him a.ife and
■■■si. -.v
wen come to Knbarittus, aeenri to Ji rus^di mi, iiirl wit!ia) would give him
ly 111 the u!iuo!.t paits of (ialiU*. ', provi.:,;iu u : lot Jfu, i.iy' ihltl.ir.
'Ms.
THE LWt OF H.AVlim JcWKrilHH,
'A
•f
;i I
18
fl4> Mill iin lh« n*«l lUy I lin>iiKli( (m Hium-
■«n<i ■rmni turn with in*, •ml calii* Id 'I'ilwriM.
I tlifn »<ni fur Iho prinrliNil Hi«n ii( Ihi- ii)ulllla<l«
inlu Ihr iiiiIiIk' nlw:>', ami ■•nji'ln'd tliaiii tu It'll
m* Mrhii MrrrK ln« nulliora iii Itii' rrtulls kivl
wl.in Ihi-) limt liilil ni« who lh<' iiini mur*, I •rnl
thani KuuikI I'i lh« iiI^ iif Jnt«|mU. liiilM.li^
JiiiiBlhiin UikI Aimnliiii, I frrmi Ihoiii fniiii flwir
buiitia, anil )(*«<• IliFni |ir(i«l4ioiii (ur Ihilr Juiir-
iirji, liiKi'llirr Willi Nliiiiin ■ml Jnuar, nii>r Aon -
humlrtHl uniii'il iiiin who nhuultl iruHril lli«mi
■ltd •» r ifiil Iht'iii lo JrruMloni. 'Hit |iropU of i
TilMriai yivi caiiifl to ma again, anil ilrairrti that
I wuulil fiirgitc Ihrm lor what Ihry hml tlonr.
itnil lhr)|'iiii'l tliiy wiiiilil aiiiriiil what thojr hail
dumt aiiMH wilh rrgartl to mc, bv
fur thi< lliiif to t'oiiii-i ami Ihry iimoiiKht iii<> to
vhat th«i» I
thrir liilr
Illy
aoiiiiiant. Thy |Milltl<'al ailiHin*>lralioii n( alTaira
a^tvrwarila ilo** »l<o clearly ill<i'o«rr bulk Ihy
oltlur bahairlur In liCv, aail thnt tlioii waat tba
iM'ranon of thy t'oiinir)'* rrvoll frmn Iha KiH
nianas |>l«in aiiiiiauf whnh I ahall priHliuK iir«<
arntly. I hafv rI<o a ininil to aay a l<w Ihlngf
to thfi raai of thn paojila of 'I'llxrijit on llnr ac*
I'oiiiil, ami to ilnniontlrNle lo Ihoaa thai ll(ht
ii|)iiothia hialory, that you lirar no ((ihmI-wiII, teat-
Ihrr lo Ihr Itoniana, mir lo lhi< liln^. To Imi mni
Ih* vrcairal ntlia of (iaiilx', I) Juatifi, war*
Si<|i|ihori«, ami thy ruunlry Tibcfiaa. Hnl liap'
Kliona, •Itiiatail in th» wry iiiiilat oMUIiIrr, anil
H\iiiK many villnKiaahuiit it, nml ah|« wilh rqaa
to liwvn li|« n ImM am) Innililioonin lo Iha Ito*
praHirvr what ajHiila rrniniiiril uiion thu (ifuiiiUr i
of th« lily. |(jr thoa<> tliul liail loal tliiiii. Ai'- 1
oonlinitly I I'njoiniil IhrtMi thiil hnil Kot them lo '
biiiiK lliriii uiriHitiirit ua: ami whi-n llii'y iliil not
Coni|ily for » gtrut whllr, ami I anw onr of llix
aolilirf* Ibal wrrn ahonl ma with a KurnirnI on '
that waa morn •picnilirt thui onliRary, t Mkiit j
hini whrm'ti hi| hail it? anil whrn h« rc|illml,
thai h« hail it nut nf the pluniji r of the rily, I I
hail him piiniali>-il avIiIi atripi'ii; iiml I thrriiliHi .1
■II Ihr hil lo iiiliirt II Kverir |iiiiii>liiui'iil n|M)ii '
thtim, unU'aa llwy proiliicctl liilort' n» whalao- i
>iv*r thi'y hull plnmli'ri'il) unil whin it nrrat
ninny apoila wrrr liroiiKliI lOKrllirr, I'rraloi'ril
til vvi'i<y our <il 'i'iticriiii, wliut lliiy ■ lniiMi-il tu
br Iheir own.
(iS: Andimw InmiNiniPlo Ihiii pan of iiiy iiiir-
ration, I hiivii n mini to any n fi'W iIhiij;* to Jua-
tui, who liadi hinial'lf wriltmi ii hiilorv cumrrn-'
ing llii'n* nlTaira; la alio to iilhir* ivlio pfoftat
,to writa biatnry,. but huv« lltlli' riKni'd t<i Imlh,
anil ara not afruiil, l>ilhrr out of ilt-ivill ur pioil-
will lu aoinr pirimit, to ri'Liti- fiilai liiMiila. 'l In ac
Aien iloi like flioaii who ri>iiipii»r I'lirKiil ilirila
and cunvryiini'1'1 ; ami liii'iiiiar lliiy urr nut
bronchi lo Ihi- Ijlci' puniahini'nl witli tlu'in lh«y
havti no rr^anl lo Iriltli. Wlun tlirriliirr Jiiiitua
undertook to writn iiuout Ihrae liiota, uml nlioiil
tbfl Jcwiah wni>, that he iiiif(ht appmr to havi'
b«cn an iiiduatrions nlaii, Im fiil»iii«il ii| wlint he ,
rclaleil about iiir, niiilirooli! not ajirnk truth rvi'ii j
•bout bin own rountrV' > wliiiici: it ia, Ihnt lii'ini;
belied by him, I uni VniU r a nii'i'aaily lo iiiiikL'
my defi'iirei^nnil im J pmll any n!i;it I'havc Con- '
caaled till now. Ami lit no om^ Wmidrr that I ,
have not told thr worhj Ihi'ai.- Iliiiif^a ii ^ri:!!! ivliilu
ngo. KoriillhouKh it IW' iii'i'«iiaai'y tor tin hiatorlnn
to write thu trntli, yt i« aurli ii oni' not boiiiiil
(cvcrely to unimii'ivi'it on tlir ivirkcdiiim nl'
crrlBimnrn; 4Vit out ol' uiiy liiior to tlT«iiif liiit '
out of nn iiuthor'-t own modiTUtioui ilotvtliiii
uoitiei it lo pnaa, U JiMtila, thou iiio'il Mi)(iiriuiia
of writvra, (llint I liiay. iiitiirrini inyailf lo h'tni ua
.If lie wero htrc prmnnti) foraiAhou liolidteat of
thywlf, that 1 ami the (jklilcanx hiivi- Ui'in ihu
nuthora of that acdilion which tliy I'nuiitry i'iiku-
gn\ in, both'iigiiiiii't the Roiiiuiii'iiihI ii^iiiiist ihe
■king [Agrippirjiinior?] I'lir Iwi'orc rvrr 1 wu»
;il governor ol" unlike lij' the conimiinity
lliniia, if thr^ hiiil ao plniard, yi^l did It moW*
lo I'ohliniiii I'liilhfol lo Ihoae llliir innatiira, hnd
at tlir ■iiniK tune Itrluilid me out of their clly,
mill iirohihitril nil their rilitena from joining wilK
fill' It'll le
la: lliey al
leave ol
ley alao, of
of Jeruaalem, both tlloq, uml nil the people of
Tiberian, had nut only tiiken up nrnis but had
inadewarwith Dcr.apoliiol' Svriii. Ai'cordingly,
thou hadat ordered their villagiH to be burnt,
and a domestic aervant of thine fill in the hultle.
Mur ia it 1 only who any tlila; but ao it ia written
III the comnirntariea ol Venpu.iinii the eii}a|ror, '
as also bow the inhabitanta a(. Decapolit^nle
clamoring to ViKpasinn nt I'loiciniiia, am) d'eai-
red that ihou, who waat the siuthor [of that war]
inightcat be brought (o punishmedt. And thou
biidat certiiiiily beec punixlicd nt the coniniaiid
of Vespasian, had not king Airippa, who had
powtr given him to have thee put (u death, nt
the rairneat entreaty ol Jus sialcr Hcrnicc, clian'
"ged the puniibmen't of death into a lung iiiipri
of ilniiger froui me, Ihry liy u *
me III Hirtiij their I'ily wilh will
Ihi ir own urL'ord.'atlniitlril uf n garriaon of Ko-
nitii l.'glona, aetil theni bv Ci'alui (iailui, who
waa then prrnlilrnt of HyrU, and so hud me in
eonleinpt, though I waa then very (lowerful, and
III! wire (creiills afraid of iiir ; iilid Ml the aaino
limi^ lliiil the irn uli>t of our litiea, Jeruanleiu
waa lM'«irKt'd, uml that temple of ours, whii'h
belonged lo lia nil, was in iliiiiger of fulling umler
the eneiiiy'a power, they tiytVun l^atiim'e thith-
er, as not tM\}tng'tn-ltitxiiAl llWilKl ihey would
bear uiins ngninat thji UoinaiiiK i<i)t iis for lliy
eonnlry, <) Jualiia, ailuiilrir iitmii the Inke of (iv
tiesHrelli, and djatnni from ili|ipos thirty fur>
lonp, from (iadiiru sixty, iiiwl Iroiii Seylnonolls
whnti wiia under iha lung's juriadiition, n hun-
dred null twenty; when thrru wiis no Jewish
eily neiir, it uiiglit euaily hiire preaervid ila fiile-
tity [to the lloluiina] if it hud ao iileiim il llieni lo
do.; I'lirl'ie eily liml its peojile hail plenty of wea-
poiia. Hut IIS Ihou aau'al, I was then the uullior
[of their rtvolt.l And pniy, O Juatua, whovyai
the nnthor (i/VcricariJi.' Korthouknowcal thai 1
was in the power of llie Itoniiiiis before Jer.usa>
It ni^wBa beaii'grd, and before Ihn same time Jo-
lapula wiia taken liy forie, as well aa inany other
fortre>iaeB, and a grnit miiiiy of the (liililenns fell
ill the war. It vyiu then fore Iheii a proper lime,
nht'ii you were eerlaiiily frieil from any fiar on
my iicvAiint, to throw away your weaiiona, and to
ilemiMiitrule to the king and to the Konians.that
il ivua not of ehoire, hut as fori'eil by necessity,
Ili;it you fi II into Ihr war against thcni; but you
alniil till Veipasiaii mine himself ui fur as your
nullr, with hia whole army ; ami then you did in-
deed lay aaiill' your weii|wna.out of fear, and your
eily bad fur certain iM'eii taken by force, unless
Veapaainn lihil complied wi(ii l'**^ king's supplica-
tion lor routund hud excused your iniidnraa. It
waa not I, therefore, who was the author of tbi*,
but your own ineligations to war.. Do not you re-
meinber how Often I got you under my power,
and yet putmone ,of you to death? nay, you once
fell into a tainuli one against anglhrr, and slew
one hundred and eighty-five of ypuf ritiieiia,
liot on account of your good-will lo tlieking Biid
In the Homana, but on account of ydiir own
wicki'iliieas, and this white 1 was beSirgediby the
Roaiana in Jolapata. Nay indeed, were there
not reckoned up two thpnnand of the people of
Tiberji|S, diiriag the siege of Jeru^leni, some
of whicli were sliiiii, and the real caught and (Car-
ried captives'? Uut thou wilt pretend tlint Ihou
didst not engage in /the war, since thou didat flee
to the king. Yes, imiecd, thou didst flee lo him ;
but I say it was out of fear of me. Thou sayeit
indced,^ that it is I who am. a wicked man. liut
then, for what reason vAis it that king Agrippa,
who procured thee thy life when thou wii»t con
drniiied to die by Veipaaiuii, niid-who bestowed
so much riches upon thee, did twice afterward
i-.
m>tniliiHi n( tAairt
<ltM'o«rr btilli thy
ihHl IIkhi wMt tka
mil friiin Iha KiH
•hull priHliuK lira*
II lay • l<w Ihlngt
rilxrijit on tlnr ac-
II ihoMthM 1t(hl
r nil K'xi*l-<*illilt*t*
n kin^. TolMiiiira
I', O Junlifi. wxra
iticrina. Hnl li»p'
iiltlof (Uliirr, Mill
ntiil iibl* with ran
lioiinin lo Ih* Ito*
, yt't Hill II moW*
tlliir iiiniliir*, hnd
II nut III ihcir clly,
> rriiin jiiJiiinK wim
ihrv nilt(l>l Im oiil
I will' )r'il_ Irum ul
I'lilli: liiry llllil, uf
* giirriiiDn u( Ko-
>>tui (iailui, wha
■nil ••> liuil ni« In
vrry (Hiwt'rful, anil
; iiIkI Hi lliti •mill)
l'itii'«, JiTunnliMU
ili> ul' iiiirt, wliirh
rpr III' fiilliiiK uniUr
}•} aaitliiiiri! Ihilh-
fViiii|riil lliry would
y/. Hut lit fur III/
Hill (III- Infci' of liv
ili|ipot tlilrto fur>
I Iriiiii Si'ylnu|iolii
iiriiiilii'lioii, u nun-
ru wu» no Jiiwlih
|ir*inrviil iln liilo
nil iili'imril llii'iii to
Imil pli'Miy »( tvi'a-
ran then tliit iiullior
Jualuii, wlioniai
houkniincal that 1
lima bi'fore JiTuna-
llin wnir tiino Jii-
wi'll a* iiiany ollitr
if Ihr iSiililcuni fill
Ihi li u [ii'ijper lime,
1 friini niiy fiar on
ur wi'siiiinii, and lo
the Komanitlhat
iri'i'il by ni'C«t>ity,
ikI IIicui; but you
■elf Ul fur an your
ul thin you ilid in-
ut of fiia'r, and your
(•II by forrr, unli'M
lie kinK'a <up|ilica-
yoiir iniulnpnii. It
thv author of tbi*,
ir.. Do not you d-
1 und«r iiiy yiivuvr,
ilh? nay, youonre
another, and aleu'
of your ritiieha,
rill lo tliekin); and
imt of ydur own
iw bmirKidiby the
ideed, were there
[I of thn people of
r JiTu^iliin), loiiip
ml caught and r;ar-
pretend llint thou
iicn thou didnt flee
u didat life III tiini ;
me. Thou aayeit
vickrd man. liut
liut king Ajirippa,
en thou wast con-
TIIK (.IKK OP n.AVItm JOHKPIIUM.
10
iiid-who benlowed
d twice afterward
p«( lh«« into honda, and a« oAan ohti||«it tha* in
nn awik* {nini thy country, and, when ha had
one* iiriUved the* 10 b* put lo d#itlh, he granlad
Iha* a panliin at iha *arn«il draire iif M«mire't
and, wh> n (altar lo many of ihy wirked pranka)
ha hail Mian* tJiae hia ■•rrrUry, hrraiiKhl Ihfo
Maifvinii thy apialUa, and dn»e ihae away friini
hia ainhl. Hut I ahall not riii|uir« at'«urat*ly
Into Ihaaa mallan nf aeandal aiuiiial thee. Vtl
eannol I but wundrr at ihy iinpiuleni'*, when
Ibuu hail lh« aaauranre In aay, Ihiil Ihoii haal bel-
ter rrliileil Iheae altiiiri U>t the war) than hana
ull Ilia ulJitra thai havi wrillen anout thim,
whdil Ihou ilidal nut know what waadona in lla-
hlnei for Ihiiu waal then at Heryliia wilh Ihe
^ kink, nor didal Ihou know how inuch Iha Ho-
uiant autrrrd at Ilia aieKe of Jnlafiala, or what
niiarrina Ihry bninchf U|K>n ua) nor nuddal Ihiiu
laani by inquiry what I did durinir Ihal aiegra my-
aaU) fur all ihoae that iui|^hl alTurd aurh inloriua-
(lon wrra quite dealmyrd in lhal airKr. liut par-
' bapa Ihiiu will aiiy , Ihiiu haal wrilliii nf what waa
iliHie aKHinat Ihn (Muiile of Jrriiaiili'iii exailly.
Bui how ahould lhal be I fur neiltiir waat Ihnu
cnnrarned in lhal war, nor haal thou read Ihe
caniUKnlariea of ('nvart of Hhirh we hiite evi-
dent priiiif, berauae lhni» ha>l ronlrndirlrd Ihnae
coiuiiiinlHriia nf Civaar iu thy bialnry. Itiil u
thou art an hardy iia In nlllrni Ihat llinu haul writ-
ten lhal hialnry belliir than all Iha' real, why didat
Ihou not publiah thy hialnry while the eliipernr*
VeaiHiaian and Tilua, the ((vnerala in Ihut war, aa
well aa king AErjmia and hia foniily, who were
man very well akilled in Ihe Irnmini; of the
Oraeka, were all alive I for Ihou haal Iwd It wrillen
thelfl twenty ycnra, and then iiiiKhleat Ihnu have
had Ihe tealiniony of Ihy accuracy, liut now,
when Ihcaii luen are no longer wilb ua, and Ihou
thinkeat Ihou caiiat not bn ronlnuHcled, (hou
ventureat to publiah it. Kut then I waa not in
like manner afraid of my own writing, but I nf-
farad my bouka lo tha cniperon tbeniaclvei,
when llie facia were alnioit under men'a eyea;
for I waa conarinua to myaelf, Ihat I had ob-
aervcd the truth nf (he farla; and aa I i "(peeled
to hnva Iheir allealHlinn li) tbem, lo I waa not
def^ived in audi eKiieclution. IVInrvnver, I im-
mnliately preicnfeil niy bialory lo ninny other
peraona, auiiie of which were cniu'criieir in the
war, aa waa king Agrippa, and tuiiie of hia kin-
dred. Now, Ihi! eiiipirur Tilua wiia an deKimiia
that the kiinwlidge of Iheto ull'aira ahould be
taken from the biinka ninne, lhal he aubacribed
hia own band In tlieiii, ahil ordired Ihiit they
Khuuld be jiubliahed; and forking A|;riiipu, lie
wrote me aitly-two li-llrra, nnd Hlleatid to Ihe
truth of nliul I had th>^rein di'livered ; two of
which letlcri I have here aubjiiiiiiil, aud Ihou
inuycat thereby know Iheir cunlenli. "King
Agrippa lo Joaephna, hia deal fiiind, aendcth
greeting. 1 hnvii read over thy imok ivilb great
pliaaun'i and it appenra to inn that Ihou haal
iloiie it niiipli more accurately, and wilb grealtr
care, Ihaii have the other wrilira. Send nm the
real of tlieac books. Farewell, my deur friend."
"King Agfippa to Jo;iephUi, hi* dear friend,
aindelh gruetmg. tl aceliij by what Ihou bftat
• The rharnrler pf Ihia hUtory of Juaiua of Tlherlaa,
Ihe rival 01 our Joscphua. which ia uow loat, wilh |la
only rcmaiiilnn frni.'nient. are nlven ua hy n very nlile
rrlllc, I'hiitiua, who read llinl hlitiiry. It la in Ihe :i:iril
rode of hia Hilillothern, nnd runa Ihiia : "Ihaverrml
(eaya i'liotiua) Itic rliriiiinlniy of Jiialiia of Tilicrliia,
Whoao lllln talhi»^[7'*> CKromolom of \ thi Kinft of
Jadah whitk nucrtntril ima tinotktr. 'I'lilj f Jiialual
fame nut of Ihn rUy Tiherlaa in Oaliloe. lie lioifina
hia liialory from Mohcs.nnil enila it iiul till llieiicnlhof
A«ri|>(iii, Ilie wvriith (riiler^ of llio fnnilly of llerml,
anritlip l.'iKt kiiiinrthc Jcwa; who^Ui the covern-
niei i t nii ii rr I'l ni i il l ii a , t i ml t i nii Bm ei m d u niler Ne ro
written, thai ikon alamUal in naad nf no lualnte-
llua, in iinler In our infnrnialiiin fmni iha Imkio
iiM(. However, when ihnu eontaal In lue ' Tt,
inform Ihe* nf • graal many Ihinga whirii thou
ilnat mil knnw," M.i when ibn hiatiiry waa per-
fiCWil, Axrippa, nrilherby way nf Aatlery, whirb
waa nnl uKni able to him, nnr by way of irony,
■a Ihnu wilt anjs (for ha waa entirely • alrangar
In aiich an »ail illamiaillun of mind,) but ha wrala
Ihua by way nf allealalinn In what waa |rua, aa
all Ihat reail hiilnriea may do. And to much
aball Ihi aald rniirarnriiK Jualua,* which I art
obliieil Iu add by wav of digreaai.in
m. Now when I had aeliled Ihe alTairt of T^
heriaa, and had uaaeuibled my frlenda aa a Han-
bedrlni, I cona^ilted what I ahould do aa InJubn.
Whrn-iiiMin it appmrrd In b« iha niiiniun nf all
Ihe fiiddeana, lhal I ahnuld arm llunn all, and '
march arainal John, and puniati hini aa llie au-
thor of all the dianrdera that had happ«nad. Vat
waa I lint pleased wilh their ilrlermuialinni a«
fiurpu'ing Iu compnao ibeao lr,HibU« without
ilnodalieil. Ilpnu ihia I enhurled llirni Iu uia
Ibe ulmuat cure to learn lh« naniea of all that
wan under Jiibni whiib wbeii Ihey had done,
and I Itiareby wna appriird who tli« men wera,
I publiahed an edict, wherein I ulTered security
and my right hand In Such nfjnhn'a party aa had
a inind Iu re|ienl; and I tillnwed Iwrnly days'
lime to aurfi as would lake Ihia ninal uilvnnta-
Rpous courae for Ibemaelvea. lalan Ihrenlcned,
lal unleat they threw down tlieir arnia, I would
burn their hinisea, nnd expuaa their goods to
pitblic tale. When Ihe men heard of iTila, Ihey
were ifi no aiuall ilianrder, and drarrlrd John)
and, to the number of fuur Ibuuannd, threw down
their arina, and cams to nin. Hii that no othar*
alaid wilh John but his own citi«»na, and aboiil .
fifteen buiiilred atrniigera that cania from tb«
malrnpolia of Tyre ; and, whin John saw Ihnt ha
bad been onlwiltitd by my atmlagtm, he coqlino- ,
ed afterward In hia own country, and was in
great fear of me.
67. linl about Ihia limn it was that tha peopla
of Nepphoria grew inaoleiil, and took up arms,
out of H cnnftiiencc Ihey had in Ihe ilrenglli of
their walla, nnd becauaa they saw me engaged
in other nlfaira alao. So tbey aeni to (Teariua ,
(iailua, who was preaident of Syria, and desired V
Ihat he wniild eilHer cuuie <|uickly to them, and
lake their cily under hiapmlerlinn,oraend them
a garrianii. Accordingly (inllua prmuiaed them
lo come, but did not aind word when he would
coiiii): iind, when I had learned ao much, I look
the aoldicra thai were wilb me, ami iniide an as- '
siiult upon the people nf Sepphoria, nnd lonk tha
city by I'nn'i'. I'lu- tialileuna look Ihia uppurlu-
nity, aa Ihiiikiiig Ihey liail now H/pronrr time for
ahiiwing their haired to ihtum, aince they bore Ill-
will lo that city ulan. Tliey then exerted th«ia>
aelvea,.na if they would diatrny them ull utterly,
wilh Ihoae Ihut sojourned there alan. .So Ihey
ran upon them, and act Ibeir hiiuaes on fire, ua
finding them without inhubilunta; for the luen
out of fvar ran together lo the citudel. So lh«
Galileans carried off rvcry thing, and oiuiticd "
no kind of desolation whicb they could bring
aisled on ; anil lieinn iinilcr the Jewish prejudiras, aa
imleed lie wna hiniaelf ulao n Jew hy lilrtli, he makea
nol Die lenat meulinn of Hie npiieiirnnre ill' I'lirlal, or
wliiitlliliiealiiiii|ieiieillulilin,nrurthnwniiilrr|'ulwnrka' '
tlwil lie (lid. lie wn.i ihi" mm of n rennllt Jew wliosn
nnmi- win Pitlua. He Wna a iniin, na he ia deacribed
hy .tuxephua, of n ninal proHlKule rhnnrior; a alava
jiollflo money niid In tileuture. In piiMir alfhirs lie .
wiin oppoailn Iu JiMepliua : and il ia relnled, tliol lie laid
llinny plota nsnliiat hini. Imt lh.il Joscphua, llinufh hn
hud Ilia enemy frcqm'iitly under Ills 'jnwer, did only
reproach liiiii in wnrila. iiiiil no lei lilni kq yllhoul flir-
* '-..■
ilier puulaliiiirnr. He anya, iiiao, inol ina miRary whirli
llila innn wrnio in, I'nr iliv main, fnFiuIous, and clilelly'
HSIntlioae parii wliere he diiirrilMM llie Koman war
wilh Ihe Jews, und the taking of Jeruoalem.
7-^ '■ I . I. .1.1 I « — ,il,u,,IL,l*UU _
npd MYlli more nuuiiieiited hy Vnapoainn. lio died lii
i «nolhirdycnror 'rnijiii., where alao hia hlatoryeiida.
^ lie 1» very toiidae iu Ins lniu(un«e, and aiixhlly pawia
« over tliose nflalfa llmt were moat nercaaary to be In-
;TA.r-
■i: .
Tim wriB 6F n.Avnw joiKriiuii.
. II
s
I
r
ii
•|MM iHr fmiiilr**** WItM t mw ikU, I «raa
• kc««'l)ii||l> IrAublxl *l H. and cuaiiiiiimUii iIkm
III l<<av« off, anil |i»l lliari m nilml lliai u «m
•»< aArvcaliU lu piXy lu J.i mi h thinrt la th«if
•ounlryim II bill (iiir* »h»jr nrllhar wrinlil h»«r-
Imh I« wkm i ••h«rt«l, (»«>r lu whal I voiiiiiMmlftl
Ikvui III ilu, (kiriha hatrvrl Ihi'X Imra In Iha pao-
Cla Ihara »■• lii« liaril fur mjr •ihnrtaluin* to
'•pj) ' l"'' •*<••• injr rrW»l(, who ««ra luiMl
fcitaral lu ma, ainl wrra alHiul ni«, lu (i>a nui
Hfotl*, M it ilta KoiuaiM wn fulling iiu.>a Iha
•Ikar part of iha rliy with • gn al »riu« , aail
tM* I illil Ihal by ni«h • rat»irt hainf (uraail
Mroatl, I nil(hl raalrain Iha •inlrntri' nf Iba <!»■
IIA*a», ami iMnafgra Iha i {l» nf Sriiphoria. Ami
•I langlh llili alrktaitiiiii hail Ha cAn || dr, u|miii
kaariii< itil* ra|iort, lh»» war* In f.ar (ir Ibr m-
Mlvaaj anil au Ifiajr lali off jilnnili rUif, anil ran
•wan an<l Ihia mora aaprriall^, harau«« the*
•aw Hia, Ihrir K'naial, ilo Ilia aania allot ("t, ll.al
I niighl rauia Ihia rrijiirl In Iw ii»|ii'\ail, I nra-
Umlril 111 Iw in ftar aa well n, Ihry. Thiia warn
— Ma inhatMlHnIa of Hap|th«na nnriprrtaitly pr«-
•arvMl, by Ihta rvnlrivania of laliia.
e« Nay iiiilcad, THirriaa hait lika lo hara baan
Munilarail liy Ihii Oalllaana alau u|i.m Iba follow*'
Ing orrMioni Ilia elilrf i.ii'ii of Ilia irnala nrvl*
lo Iha king, and ilaiirail Ihal ha irmid i'imiiAIo
Ihatii, ami Inha iHitaraaion of Ihair rily
kltt( proiuni'd lo I'onia, and wrola a iKlUr
iwtr lo Ihalm, and )f»»a II In uiir nChUKaTl-
tkaaihrr, nli.>M nniiia waa Vriiput, •*! wb«i
wya by birlli a Jaw. lo carry il lo/4l»irri«».JUIt
Whan Iha Uulilaana knrw lh«l Ihia iiinn ■ arrinl
Mich a laltar, Ihay rauKhl him. and liniuKliI biih
lo ma; but aa loon »4 Iha whola niulliliiila haard
of il, Ihiiy arara anrigad, and brtiiok Ihnnarlvai
to lh*ir armi; Ho a graul many of Ihaiii rut lo-
(alhur from all nuarti-ra l|ia naxi day, ami oama
totharily Aaoiliia, whara I llian loiljtad, and
■•(la heavy rlamnri, and railed Iha rily Tiba-
rlaa a irall.ir Is iham, and a friand lo Iha kinr;
Md daairad liava of ni» lo go down and uttrrly
' dailruy it; for lhay liori- Ihr Ilka il|.ivi|| lo tba
paopla of Tllwriaa, aa lhay did lo tboie of 8ip-
phorli. '^
•9. When I haani Ihh, I waa in doubt what lo
do. antl hnilatril br what mciin* I might dclfver
Tibrriaa from Iha lagr of Ihf lialikanat Crt I
Iha Jaw« an.1 iha Nuaiana, iha naopla of Tib*
naa r*a»l?ad lo •uhmM>r-tin king, and •••« l«
rafoll IVani Iha Hoin«(a| nhila Jualiia Irlail In par»
•uada ihaiii lo halaka IH«iiia«l«aa lo Ihfir arma.
. . »»«ia,
aa »••>>■ hliiiarU ilrairmia of lanuialMina, awi
ha«lng hnpaa of uhUlniiig iha ■o«arniuaii|.uf
Ualilaa, at wril aa of hi* own < uunlry I lilwrtaal
alan. Vat did ha nut iiblain whal h« Impad fori
Iwraiiaalha llaildaanalmra III will In lhu*m olXi-
•wria", and Ihia on aarouni of Ihair angar at what
luiaarlaa lhay hail •iillFrad from ihani h»lora I ■
wari Ihania ll waa. Ibnl lhay woiibl nol aiHluili
Ihal Jualua thuubl U Ihair go»arnor. Imjuall-*
alau, who had Iwan anIrualaiT by Ilia rijiiUIMUiilf
uf Jaruaalam wilk Ihr goorninanl uf (iannil(i<ij
franiMnlly iiiaia lo Ihal ilaKrra ■>( raga al Jiialiia.
Ihal I had abiioal raaoltril i,, kill bliii,aa nol atila
'" 'war h lai'hirroiia i|iapuailinn. Ula waa
Iharafura mm h afraid of ut», laat at langth wy
imaaiun abuiild roiua lo atlrawHy I *<> hi' went tii
iha king, iia iii|i|ioaliig llial ha tliuuhl dwall batlar,
ami mora aafrly with liiin.
Tl. Now wlitn Iha (iruplr nf ManpburU had.lil
- Iiriaing a ma r, ta<ai>rd (hair tuX daa>
gar, Ifiay lanl lu (.'aaliiia (iallua, and drairad him
laaaa*
could nol diny llial thuau uf Tibrriaa had ^L.
(an lo Iha kin^, and had Inriled him lo ronwlb'
thanij for hia Irllari to Ilinn in ananrrr Iheralo
would fi:lly prove tba irulh of that. So I aal a
long lima mn>iiig with niynrlf. and than aaid lo
Ibein. "I kmtw will rndiigh IhnI the iianuli! of
T,'»«nM Imvo (.Ifandml ; nor ihall I forbid you lo
pl»«<lw the city. Iluwarar, tui-b tliinga ought
I dona tvith diiernioii ; for tbrv of Tilni lat
«en the only bci|>ayar» of our liberty,
"' ^M'""' <"''''«nt pntriols of the
-ptaii<l.''l liji, hf, have done
lilll,ttlHllllioriiugbly
. of our (liliigiir, nnd then
"dl al ji infif undrr your
"* y'nBH.J'nurM'lvai
Jpon in» nmjffm* I pacified
(Id Ihry left dCFlhrlr linger, fend
V»; and I giivo ordira lliat be i*ho
i. I" . ""X* ''•'•" 'houbl bc'pnt into
bondi; but in a fewdnya Iprrtrnded Ihal I wai
obliprd. by u necrstary affair of my own, to go
•ul of tbp kiagdem. I then called Cpi.nu, pri-
Mialy, undnrile'cil Iriin In niake the auhlier thai
-Mpl him ilninlc, and lo run awiiy to the king.
So when Tibrriaa waa in diiri*er of bring utterly
, dailrnyed a atrond time, it raniped the (Inmrer
liy my nkillful maimgnncnt, and the core that 1
liari lor Its pri'icrviition.
70. About thii tiiuo it wa* that Justui, the aon
a l'i M, .. M mnU AM. — — ■ . . — '
brfeiught
of I'hiua, wiibont my fcnowkclge, run awiiy to
tha king; the occasion of whirh I will here re-
Ui«. Uiioii tha beginning of the war between
•usuriirMing a ma r, ta<ai>rd (hair tuX datt'
gar, lhay sani lo (.'aaliua IihIIus, and drairai
loruma lo tliam immadlaltly, and laka ih
•ion of Ihair rily, or olsa lo sand fori n auMciaat
lo raprrst a|l thrlr anrmias' Incursion* uiwa
Ihanl; and al Ilia laat lhay did iirivail wilb (.al.
lua In arnd thain a lonai'darabla army, both of
horaa and fool, which canir In tha nilht-tiiiM.
and which lhay adniillad Into tha cily. ll«t
whan Iha country round about it waa hara^aad
by Iha Koman army, I look thnia aulilirrt that
wrra alHiiil Mir. and cama to <;ari>m<i| wbrra I
caat up a bank, a good way off tha niy hapuho-
rl«t awl whan I waa nt twanly furlongs dUlanca,
I cama ufiuu it by niglii. and mule un Hsaault
upon (!• walla with in) lunaaj and wlirn I had
unlared a cunaidarabla nunilMr uf my • I Hera, lo
ncala Ibrm with laildcri, I heraiua uin («r of Ihe
grentaal part of Iha ciU. Itui soon afu r. our un.
arquaialadnaH s^ith thefiiHuiaa lurcad ut to re-
lire, after wa hud killriTIMtlrn of the lioiiiaii
footmen, and lfc||{ liorar|()i'n, ihhI <\ few uf Ihn
penpleofSapphpria, wilb, the losanf only a single
man of our owii'^And wban it aflerwanis cama
to a bnllle intlin|i|iiiii >MMtlkl|lorseaian. and
we had undergone the <'VlB|fl|^iangeouslT
for a lung lime, we wiimQ^^^H^Bumiii tha
Kumana rni:oninastii.^H^^^HH^^^K^bIi,,ff
were afraid, and 1<'<if^^^^BmR|i that
battle one of those tl^HIPncn euWHalad lo
guani my body; his name waa Jiiilui, who at
this lime had tha same post with tha king. Al
Ihe same tj[mi also, there canm forces, both
horsriiten and footinrn, from the king, niiil Sylla
their couiniamler, who was the cuptnin uf Ibia
ffuard; tbia Sylla pilrhed his ramp at live fur-
ring! distance from Julias, and set a guard upon
the ruads, bdth that which led to (.'ana, and that
which led to the fortn'vi (iaiiiala, that he might'
binder their inhabitants from getting pr^visiuna
out of Ualilre. '
72. Aa loon ai I hnd gotten intelligence of this,
I »rnt two thousand armed men, and a captain
over them, whose mimr was Jcremitth, who railed
a bonk n furlong oft Julias, iiinr to the river Jor- .
dan, and did «o more than skirmish with Iha
enemyi till I took three thous»nd soldiers my-
self nnd came lo thriii. Hut on the next day, when
.1 had Idid an ambush in a certain vnlley, not far
from the banks, I MUKotufd those thijt belonged to
the kinp to come *u\ bntlli , and gave bnlers to mw ■
own soldierslo turn tlirir bucks upon them, untti
they should have drawn Ihe eiiiihy a»vay from
their camp, and broughl them out Into the field,
which was done accoriliiif-lv: for Sjllo, aup- '
posing th a t n ii r p a rty d i d r D 'al l y run awny, w ai —
^
►jB"
^
ready to pursue (hem, when our soldiers that
lay irt ambush took them on their b"< ks, and put
them all into great ditorder. I alio immediately
S
IM |<*u|lU ni Tib*
I kiiif, iml •>>« M
■ Juatm Irtvil In p*r-
!••• lu ihtir <i»w*i
f iaiwit»ltiin«, liaii
h« |i»<irmu«n|.af
■ iiHnlrjr 11 ilwrts*)
•thill ho lM>|i«tl ftirt
will III lhu*« o(Tl-
Ihclr »af»t al wh*
>iu Ihani lioliirK It
f Hiiulil mil (iHliir
ii««rniir. I iiijii«|l>'
bjr III* rijiii|iHuiil>
in«n< ut (iillMt .lid
• of ran* (I JiKtiit,
liill liiiii,Miii>l aiiU
pinilliiii, Vila waa
laal al laniith wjr
«|ljr I (!> he Wfiil lii
iliuulil Uarall b«ll«r«
'^HanphurU hail,li|~
'ril Ihair Ar^l ilan>
II, ami ilriirail hlin
', ami uia |HHMMa>
iml fori •• •uMclaat
' Inruriiiin* uiioa
J iirrvail wiOi laal-
ibl« uriiiy, lioth uf
ill Iha Dithl-ltiiM,
ilo lb* cUy. U«t
II il wai hantHad
lhi»* (uliilrrt (hat
<>ari>ni<i| whrra I
IT Iha niy hrppho-
Curlui'iKt iliillaiica,
id niBtlr nil HiiMult
; anil wlirn I had
r of my • .\ llvra, <o
aiua iiin tiir ut' (he
■oiin alltTj uiir un>
m I'urcad ii« In re-
rn of Iha liuiiiaii
ttiiil r\ I'rnr uf ihn
>M nl' iiiily a iinKla
' erwanli caiiia
lion, and
CIIU»I^
ill Iha
aiaicra
Alt ihat
Httml to
M Jiiiiui, who at
iih Iha kiDn;. A I
mm (orcM, holh
lie kin|(, nml Sylla
in cnptnin uf Ibia
i-am|i at live fur-
I K't a guard upon
lo ('ana, anil that
la, that he miKht'
[ettlng pr^vlaiona
itelllgrnreorthii,
icn, and « caplain
tmitik, who railed
r to Iho river Jor- .
kirmiah with the
land ■nliliiTii my- .
lie next day, when
■in vnller, not far
s thi)t b<doiif(ed to
Ravi' bnlera tp iii»
upon thrm, Unltl
iiiihpr a»vay from
aut into the field,
for Sylla, aup-
l»
^
""' Mnt» (wrl;, anil pui ih*m In
lad imrliriiioil >/ral lhiii« Ihat
TaU h«l n.il In-rn my bimUr-
>wkl<h I riMl*, ami tt|Mii whoa*
If lain a ipiagiiiira, and Ihraw
liiiiil, and I »4« lirulaail n« aiji
>* liilu a villain n«ni<i,| (Va/Ur-
, (fiptrHmmn. Whvn my •.ihD.ra Uanl
, lli»y Kara afraid I had Uaan >arMhurt
Iha, I ),«.., .wl M. Ik.y did adt (U IM Wllb
•hrlr piirauii iMy fanhrr, but ratitraail In taw
f r»a|' • iini urn for in« I Iharrfar* aanl for lb*
uhyuri,^., ,M4l Wkil. r WM aiul.r lli.ir kaml. I
" I 'riri
TMR iJfK or rt^AvrtrH Jiwr;nfirn.
rlaiM dir<ici«l, | ««« al nlchl rMHovail la
Kmi*.
n. Wh»n Aylla and hi. ,Mrl,r w.ra lafumi*.!
wnal bad ha|>|.< iiril l.. m,, (|,»y |„„k .uaraaa
again, and trralandlng thai ih* walih wa* ii»«ri-
nnlly kani In oiir eanip, ih*y by niglil i.larrd a
,9mls yf korieiiicn in ambiMl bvyint.4 Jordan,
aa. whrn il wa. .lay thry pmv«ik»l a. lu «.hl,
and a. wadid n..l ,.r.iM H. but i ami. Into iIm
plain, Ihrlr hnrirnien Bpiwarrd out of that ani-
b«.h in wkiih Ihay had lain, and put .„,r m»n
lata diannlar, add mad* Iham run away i ao Ihrr
Iff with lh« ,„|„ry ,,| l.tt, h, »h„„ „,' h,.,^
that w.n,« ariM..I ,ii,n wrrr ,„il,.d mini ifirith. ai
lo Juliv., th«y J^r, »tfj,„\ „„| „,j,.,,,|.
I
T-j. It wai iml ln>.»^olll^ iH^iirr V. .pii.ian ranie
TaJiT'i""'' •"."* *K'^l'Hr*"l« hi'". h.
S« l„d ."Sr I M •''*"'' "H'-'-chiliMy "f III..
king, and lallad him an nirmy |»|h7jl.miai...
R^':» Vl^T;':'' "•• '"yl Ha.', and the
Roman f«,ea,lh,i wera In J.ru«.|r„H and that
baard thia rr,H.rl. h. rrliukeil ihe Tyring for
.bu.in» a man wh., j,„ ,.,„„ . M,,^. 1, ."f^ ,
"lllip to Ho.li... to an.wrr for what he had ilon..
hi r. ^T ""* *»"<•" •'•"'T •*" .»nl Ihilh. r.
ha did not ronie into the »^),t of N.r,i. f.,r h..
troiblr, that ll.rn bap,M.».rf. and a rivil H,„r,-
an.l ao h« riiurned to ihi. ki„,. jju, „h,„ y..-
Bwa. c„,i,« lo |'(„|m,.i,, ,hc. chi..f man „f
»a .J*^''"" Ir"""" *"• '••'' •'« "hair ,111,,.
fnVZ •!]!" "' ^7I'"«'«» 'I'livirrd him to ih.-
k.n^.lo be put to death by (|i«„ umlerlhrki.i.',
Juri«liclio„.ye| did Ih, kiinfonlyj put hl,i,i,f,o
bom)., and ronceaird what" L hal'done fn
Ve.|»i,i,„ „ J huv, M;.,.. „|„.,,, u,i,' J
C am 2:*iT"' ""•' ^'T'- "' •"'•■'•^
rh^i', I ' /'"*!• •"" ""■'"' wilh IM ,ri i,„
Oa He, ''l""*"' l^n". "" V«,»,aU„rame into
what man^' ? "'»'«'»_f»»»M,B "1 hi., and »(,„
What inannrr il waa ord.r^, ,„„! how he f.Miirlil
how I wa. afterward, loowd, witli idl thai wa.
done by me in the Jewi.h w;rriu.d da,i« Th^
til '"ii'otvt i't ;rri".ia r /r "' "••
^^d now an .Pcount''af ihoTil^,"^,*^' ^j^
which I hare «,t relatadia tbaTK of ihe^jLlT:
iii r..» t.?.. """i'* '" '"■' •♦"■ "•" '•" "'•»^
H^-.r.'^ i" •• f'j "•' F"'"* "• *i'"*"i*
ami wa. ih»nr, .,„, i.,,ol.r, »i||| I ,i,„, ,„ ^i
.i.,*.if J,,...,,|,„.. , ,., , „ ,','»rt^«
i.«L "f •"" "• •'••"' *'•"- '«»«•""'• J'-W
la nr.l.r in k,„ „., p^,,^,^,, ,„., ,^^ ,/
ronlinual .laii«,r. (.. ih. .•i.,».r.ir. ,|,„,»^
hat lh,y would h„„- „„ ,,: p.,„|,hm.nl.\M«
irallo, o lh,m hul 'lu,,, („'«, »,. „,,| , *
<l'>alal.d with Iha ui,. -rt.in fortan* of war, and
r.lurii.d mi .n.w.r lo Ik* Mddl.rt' r.ham.nl «
III ilallon. a«»,„.i ,„,. Mor..... r. whi^n Mka . My m
ol J*r.i.al*ii, wa. lak.n by Um», THiiiTw A.
paranadid m* frnpi, nlly to |ak<. whal.iievi^t I ~
woiiW out of Iha ruin, of my rounlry. ami anld.
thai ha K»>a m. Uara «. to do, llul wlif a my
lounlry w... ilr.ln,y..l, I it «|,| holhii., ali;
to li« of any valii,., »hi.h I t nidd taki aii.Tke*a
a. a comfort umlrr my ru|.„„n„. „, | ,„„), .^J
li.;r liberty j I hati ,,l.„ ,1,.. holy lK«,k.f b, Ti-
tii.a ronrr..lon. Nor w... it |.,,.g afttr iLl I
a.k.d of h„„ i|,e jir., „f ,„, ,,„„»,?, ,„.) of ttft-
fH.nd. wiih him, .„.| w„. '„„, ,|..„|„;,. ^ J,,^
alao went once 1., |h.- 1. mpU'. Iiy the peri,ii*i|on
ol I III,., nhrre Ih.re wnr a rrnat iiiidlitu (• of
rajiUvr woni. n and iliil-lri n, ? g„\ all ,|i.,„ |h„|
I remnnhrnd a. artiouK my own fririi.t.^iid ac-
<|.iainlani « to be .et fr*e. Mh,; ,„ p„„,C,, ,baMl
one homlrrd ami ninety j ami m, | d.liv. rrdlh»«
Without Ihrir iwylnn «"> |iH.e of n-dcmpllon
ami rr.iored thmi to th.fr ftirmrr fortune. And
whoi I wa. .r„l by Tltu, O*, w|th Orealiu*.
« lh"u«»nd,|iorieiimn. to « rrrlain viNnaa
."lli'd n.,„o. In onUr lo know, whrlh, ril wSr.
a plate fii f„r ihimmd, a« I ra.iir bark. I .aw ma-
ny raplive. iru.1Hr,I, .ml r.>inii„l.er.'d three of
M|.m a. mif foriurr a. qiialiilid,. ... I „„ ,,„
"orry nt I ii. m my mi,„f, „,„| J-^m ^j,,, , jj
ny eyr. to Tilu., arid told him of Ihimi Mb*
(.Mm..il|«t.ly,„„,mamlrtl Ihrui lo br l,.k.nilowa.
am to hay,, ll,., ,,..,,.„ ,„,,, ,„k,,„ „f ^^, , •
„l ,." "'; '^"<="r"■) i i'i «w" of lUra diail-
miil.r toe phy,,r„„', daui, wWiU the third re-
covrred,
7<!. Hut whrn Tltu. had rompoted the Iroublea
n Jridea. and « ,n,ertu,«l that the laud, which I
hud III Ju.|,.i, would lirinit iiir in no pr«6|, b«.
cm... a Kurriion to Kuard the country wa, after-
wan/, „ p,,,h there, he pive me rtnothrrcoan-
ry ,„ Ihe ,,la,n. And whin h,. wa. gol... away
I. Honii.. he mad,, .-hoice of ,„e lo^.^/alo '
*ith him, am piiiil mu great n.perl: .nd when
we were CO,,.* lo Home, I had g'reat car,, UaeS
of nie bv Vr.|iB,un; for he nv, n„ ,„ .^rt-
raint -n bia own hou.^, whirnTie lived in b/fora
i*
#■
V.
_ 75. >'<>'• when the aiege of JotanaU waa o.e* and
1 wa. amonrth. Ko™.«i'„. 1 waa'tTj^Vir;;;:";!
\ y run awny, w ai
lur .oldi.n that
ir l>Bck,, and put
alio immedintely
"d of Vf«p a , l im , "tvl ,l>h i ie ' h aJ
pt that at Ihe romma
-h*«»
that la
l,e tame lo the eninirc. He alw honon"d 'ma
or a Konian citiicn ; and gava
wilh the privilege ... „ ..,„„... ,,.,„n; ami cava
iiw ail aniiuul penaion: and fonlinu.-.! to r< .uact
7 •" «''.«:'•'' »f I'i. I.f, , without any abalen^ent
of hi. kindnei. to ine. which very Ihi „» iu,de
me envie.l. nnd brought me Into .Iniigi?, fur a
cert..in Jew, who.e ,.»,„e wa. Jonathan, wllo bad
rm.rd a tuiiiult in Cyrme. ^id hud |»r.uaded
two thuuund men of |hal rounlry to join with
hT^rL""^"."^':"" "' •'"•'' ""»• Cut whan
he waa bound by thil govaruor of IhM coaotry.
tOrtri.niai.trcniarkpl.ia clau«!,an4 lie i
i .:H
^i"
32
THE LIFE OF FLAVIU8 JOSEPIIUS,
and lent to the emparor, ha told hipi, that I bad
lent liim both wcapoHf and Money. HoweTer,
he could not conceal hi* being a liar from Vetpa-
•ian, who condemned him to dia-, according to
inhlch ientende he wai put to death. Nay< after
ihat, when thoie that envied my good fortune did
frequently bring accuiationiaEuinit me, byUod't
providence I eicapcd them all. I alto received
from Veipaiian n» small quantity of Und, a* a
free gift in Judea; about which time I divorced
■ my wife alio, at not pleated with her behavior,
though not till the had been the mother of three
children, two of which are dead, and one, whom
I named Hyrcanut, it alive. After thit I mar-
ried a wife who had lived at Crete, but a Jew by
birth; a woman the wat of eminent parenU, and
tuch a» were the moit illuttriout in all the coun-
try, and whote character wat beyond that of
mott other women, at bee future life did demon-
ttrate. By her I had two torn, the elder wat
named Jtutu*, aad the neit Simorndtf, who wat
alto named .Agrifpa. And tbele were the clr-
cumitancet or my domettic afTain. However,
the kiadncM of th« emperor to macontinned ttill
(he tame: for when Vetpatitn wat detil, Titot,
who Succeeded him in (he governinen(, kept
up the tame reincet for me which I had from
hit father; and when I had frequent accutatioM
laid Bgainit me, he would not believe Iham.
And Domitian, who ittcceeded, ((ill augmentad
hitreipecti to me; for he punithed thoie Jewt
that were my accuiert, aad gave command that
a tervapt of mine, who wat an eunuch, and my
accuier, (bould be punithed. He alto made that
countiy I had ■>> Judea, tax free; which itamark
of the greatest honor to him who hath it; nay,
Diomitia, th* wife of Caesar, continued to do ma
kiodoet<ct. And thit it the ac<;ount.of the at*
tiont of itiy whole life: and let others judga of
my character by them at they pleaae. But ta
thee, O Epaphroditut,* thou 'mott excellent of
men, do I dedicate all thit treatiie of our Anti-
qnitict; and to, M the piesent* 1 hers conclade
toe whol^. ,
• Oftblt Bpaphtodltnil'N* Hwaou on tiM pitftMlo
M.
.«fe
ID wu dcti], Titat,
government, kapt
which I hid from
requeht kCCUMtioM
not beliava tb«M.
ed, tlill ■upnenlad
lunithed thote Jews
{»« comiuind tint
an euBOCb, and mjr
Ha alio nkada that
«a; which i« a mark
I who hath it; nay.
continued to do ma
ac<;ount.of the ae<
let othert jud|(a of
lej pleaaa. But ta
I'rooit axccllentof
reatite of our Anti-
int, 1 hcra conclode
IIMUOQtiMprlftMlO
r.-
M-:
«k
THE
PREFACE/
) 1. Tlioac who undertake to write hiitoriea,
•la A3\, I pereeiTe, lake that trouble on on* and
tha iiiuB account, but for many reaiont, aiid
thoaa lucli ai are very different one from another.
I''<ir lonie of them afiply ibeniielvet to' this part
' of leafuinK. tp (how tneir great ikill in compo-
tilion, ana tlwt they may therein acquire a repu-
tation for ifieaking; finely. Othen of them thara
are who write hittoriea in order to gratify thofc
thkt happen to be concerned in them; and on
that account have (pared no paint, but rather
gone beyond their own abilities in the perform-
ance. Uut othen there are who, of neccHity
and by force, are driven to write hlitory, b«-
cauie they were concerned in the facte, and lo
cannot excuse themselves from committing Ifacm
to writing for the benefit of posterity. Nay,
there are not a few tdio are induced to draw
their historical facts Qid of darkneaa into light,
and to jjroduce them fbr the benefit of the nMl)liiC,
on account of the great imporlance of tb« f»c|»
themsclvet with which they have been conceru-
•d. Now of these several reasons for wi-hing
history, I must prbfesn the two last were my
own reasons also: for sinca I was myself inte-
rested in that war which we Jews had with the
Romans, and knew hiyself its particular actions,
and what conclusion it had, I was forced toj(ive
the history of it, because 1 saw tliat others pfcr-
verled the truth of those actions in their writings.
2. Now I have undertaken the present vvork.
aslthinkiiig it will apiiear to all the Greeks^ wor-
tby of their study; for it will contain all our an-
tiquities, and the constitution of our government,
»s interpreted out of the Hebrew Scriptures.
And, indeed, t did formerly intend, »vhcn 1 wrote
Of the war,| to explain who the Jews originally
were, what fortunes they bad been subject to,'
and by what legislator thiy had been instructed
in piety, and the exercise of other virtues; what
wars, also, the^ bad made in remote ages, till
'h'T were unwillingly engaged in this last with
the Romans; but because tliis work would take
up a great compass, I separated it into a set
treatise by itself, with a beginning of its own,
and Its own conclusion; bi|t inprocesa^of tiihe,
as usually happens to such' as undertitkc great
things, I grew weary, and went on slowly, ft be-
ing n large subject, and a dlfliciilt tMng to trans-
late our history into a foreign and to us unaccus-
tomed language. However, some persons there
were who desired to kqow our history, and «o
exhorted ip» to go on with it; and, above all the
<««, Lpaphroditus,{ a man who is a lover of all
kind of learning, but is principally delighted with
the knowledge of history; and this on account of
His having Been himself concerned in great
affairs, and man^ turns of fortune, and having
•'"''•,?'•'»«« »f Joeephua,la exeelleni in ita kind,
and highly worthy the repeated pernsal of the reader,
**^'SK"'*^""'""P""»'<>f«l>«wo'khaalf.
1 1?*' "*"" •^««'""e». Iwth Greeks and Romans.
t we may aeanlhahly note here, that Joaephna wrots
bis seven bookaof the- Jewish War long befole he wrote
••■^ ii •"•"K'IUm. Thoee books of the war were
puhltohedabout A. D.7S,and th«W M||,a|th,. A. Q.n,
about eighteen years later. ,„,v„j,
«Thla Epapbrodilusiwaaeerulnly aUrein tbalUrd
shown a wonderful vigor of an axeellent i.atura,
and an immoveable virtuous resolution in thcas
all. i yielded to this man's persuasions, wb»
always excitea such as have abilities in what is
useful and acceptable to join their endeavors
withbiji. i was also asbfuied myself to |)ermil
any laiiness of disposition to have a greater in-
fluence upon nie than the delight of taking paina
in Such studies as were very useful) I theraUbolt
stirred up myself, and went on with my work more
cheerfully. B«*idetthe foregoing imttitfas, I bad
others which I creatir reflected on; and th
were, that our iorefathers were willing to cout
muaicate such things to othen; and that some of
the Ureeka took considerable paina to know tHe
anain of oiir nation.
3. I found, therefore, that the second of tha
Ptolemici was a king, who was extraordinary
diligent in what jconcerned learning/and the cof-
lectipn of books;, that be was alao peculiarly
ambitious to procure a translation of our law,
and of the .constitution of our government ther«-
lii'contained, into the Greek tongue. Now Ela-
"■'■''"e high priest, one npt inferior to any other
of that dignity among us, did not envy the fore-
named king the participation of that advauUg*.
which otherwise he would for certain have de-
nied bi4u; bnt that he knew the custom of our
nation was, to hinder nothing of what w«' es-
teemed ourselves from being communiisa'ted it)
othen. Accordingly I thought it beCune me,
both toimiUte the generosity of our higP^riest.
and to suppose there might even nowlw many
lovers of leariun|> like the king; for he did not
obluin all our writings at that time ; but those who
were sent to Alexandria as interpreters gave hinv
only the books of the law, while there was •
vast number of other miftters In our sacred books.
They imjeed contain in them the histo^ of five
thousand years; in which time happened many
Strang^ accidentj, many chances oT war, and
great actions of the caminanders and mutations
ol the form of our government. U|H>n the whole,
a man that will peruse this history may priuci-
pally learn from it, that all evenU succeed well,
even to an incredibly degree, and tha reward of
felicity IS proposed by God; but then it is Co
those that follow his will, and do not venture to
break his excellent laWs; andihat so far as man
any way apostatixe from the accurate obserra-
tion of theni,|| what was practicable before be<
cornea impracticable; and whatsoever they set
about as agood thing is converted into an inccro-
ble calamity. And now.I exhort all those that
peruse these books, to apply their minds to God-
■nd to examine the mind Of our legislatoi ,
whether be hath not undentood bis nature in *
manner worthy of him; and hath not ever ■§.
year of Trajan, A. a 100. Bee the not* on Anita, bwl.
ualnst Apion, sert. 1. Who hawiaWedonolliaow-
ror as to. Epaphroriitus, the freed^n of Nero, and attw-
wards Domitian's terrclary, who woa put to death b»
Poniition in the 14lh or 15th year of hki reic n.ha coal*
not he alive in the third or Trajan. ^
II ./Mf^tar here plainly alludea toiha fniaoas enafe
prov e rb, // Q»d ♦ . m itkks, s a sr y tkuu tkui
Htbtcoatetffitlt, > ->
13
I
-:s^
,■0^
34
PBEFACK.
'i!
II
1
!
,-*"
cribed to him »uch openilioM ?> brromc lin
power, »ii(l li»tl' ""« pr«iitrv«a hu wrUiiiK» from
thoie indi-cnit fables which olhtr* have 1™!!!"!;
■Ithoueb, by Iho great illttance of Cinic! whtn no
lifcd, be might have iccurely forg< il •urh i«»i
for he llveil two tbouwuid yeAn ago: iit which
van! distance of iigun the poetiBliJiMirlv*" have
not been «o linrdy u« to Ux evenTtV- gencratioiw
of their gmli, iimcb le»»lh«aclioiMol their niun,
or their own lawi. A» I proceed therefore, 1
•ball accurately diicribo whiit i» contained in
our records, in the order of time Ihut belongs to
tbcm; for I have already promised so to do
throughout this uii.lirtaking;. and this without
adding any thing to what is Ihereincontained.ov
taking away any thing Uicrrfrom.
4. But because almost uti our constitution de-
pencil On tl:c wisdom of Nioses our legislator, I
cannot avoid saying soiiiewhat concerning him
beforehand, though I shall do it briefly ; 1 mean,
because otherwise those that read my books
may wonder how it copies to past that my di»-.
eoune which promiseg an account of laws and
historical facts, contains so much of nhilosophy.
The reader is therefore to know, that Mosis
deemed it exceeding necessary that he who
would conduct his own life well, and give laws
to others, in the first place should consider the.
divine nature; and, upon the contemplation of
God's operations, should thereby imitate the best
of all patterns, so far a* il is possiblr for hunipn
nature to do, and to endeavor to follow after it;
neither could the legislator himself have a right
mind without such a r.ohteu»plalion ; nor would
any thing he should write tend'to the promotion
of virtue iii his rcaderrf; I mean, unle«» tiiey be
taught fir't of all that God is the Father and
Lord of all things, and sees all things; and that
thence h« besloivs a happy life upon those that
follow him, but plunges such ns do not walk in
the paths of virtue iuto inevitable miiierici. Kow
•AstothWntendiidworkbf JosephasronrerninRthc
nnransof many of the Jewish laws, and what philoM)-
phlcal ar allecoricnl sense they would bear, the \oa» ol
which work is liy soiiie pTthe leailnd norniucU regret-
led, I am iDclinalilc, in part, to Falinrius'n opinion, ap.
Bavercamp, p. 63, M: That " we need not doubt but,
when Moses was desirous to l*ach this lesson lo
his countrymen, he did not begin ihe establish-
ment of his lawa after the same manner that
other ligiilators dill .J mean, Upon lontracli and
6tli«r rights between one man and another; but
by 'raising their liiindi upwards lo regard Ood,
anilhiscteatioiiof ihi; world; and by nernuadiag
theiii, thAtwe nien iilrc llie most imi llent of the
creatures of God upon earth. Now when once
be bud brought them to submit to rtliision, he
easily persuaded ' them to submit in all othar
things; for as to other legislators, they followed
fables, and by their iliacourses traaslrrred the
most reproachful of human vices unto the gods^
and so uflbrded wickid uien tlie most plausilde
excuses for their crimes; bnt as for our legisla-
tor, wiien he bad uncc demonstrated that God
wua puMiessed of perfect virtue, he supposed
that men also ouglit to strive ufler the narticipa
tion of it; and on (hose wliodidiiol so think, aftd ,' J^HK
so believe, he inOicted the severest punishmeilV. r» '^^f^,
1 exhort, thcrelbre, my readen to examine twii^ r«J "Sf^. '
wlidle undertnking in that view; for therebj^tjiri^g
will appear lo thein, that there it nothing thci«rf ig^^ "
Will Uppeur I" IIILIII, mufcun.,^. ■■■•^■•■■■•Q ......
disagreeable eitlier to ttie majesty of (3od, or .-
hi.'<love to manitiml; fur nil things have here a
reference to the n«luie of the uiiiverse; while
our legislator kpeaJn some things wisely but^
enigiiiaticallv. and others under"* decent alle- "
gory, but stfll explains (.ucb things as required i\
direct explication, plainlji and eIl.J)rlls^ly. How-
ever, those that have a mind to kiiow the wa-
soiis of every tiling, may tind here a very curi-
ous philosophical theory, wbirh I now intleed
shall wave the explication of; but if God atlord
me time for it,» ] will set about wriliug it after I
have finished the present work. I shall now be-
take myself to the history before me, after I
liave first iiiciitiom:d wliat Moses says of the
criationof the world, lyhich 1 find described in
the siicri il books after the manner following. '
Pinonff Fomc vain and fria'Ml ronjcctiiren derivert from.
Jowisil iinaiiinaliniis, -'usephus would liiive limtrht usn
prefer imniber of excelJeiitHnd useful tliiiic",wlinliper-
liaiij iiotody, iieillicr anions tl;e Jews ni>r ainoiip IIib
I IJIiristlaiis, ran now liifofiii iw of; so Ihatl Would Rive b
I great deal to fliid it still extant."
"M^.
[Fide Bishop Portcts's Lettura^ vol. ii. pago 234.J '
- - "^ ■
«This Hisiokt is spoken of in the highest termj by men of the greatest learning and the
■6undest jiidginentvfroiJt its CrmpublicatioR-ttrTIia present time.
«» The fidelity, tJiB veracity, and tho probity cf .To3::vhos, are univrrsiilly allowed ; and ScalU
get in pattilSilnT declares, that not only in tlie af« m« of the Jews, but oven of foreign nations,.
Ke deserves jnore credit than all the Greek and Roman writers put together. Certain at least,
ritia,that he had tha» most essential qnalification of an indtorian,-a porfftci and accurate
'knowledge of all the transaclions v^hich he rrlntrs; th.it hchad no tirejudices to mislead him in
' the representation of them ; and that, abpv. all, he meant no favor to the Christian cause.
For. ven allowing the so much obtfrovertcd passage, in which he is supposed to bear fesu
mony to Christi to be genuin., it doof not apiiear that he ever became a convert to his religion,
^st continued probably a zenlous J -w to the end cl bis life^" -^ - i *~ v^:*^
Uarh thia leuon to
begin ihn eiUbliih-
•aiiie iiiiiiinir that
, upon ruiitmcU nnd
III nnd mUitUer; but
irdii to regard Ood,
i ; Hnd hy jiervumling
wsl I'Xt'i llriil nl the
h. Now tvlien once
l)mit to rtli^ioH, lie
■ubmit in all^ othAr
lalors, llif); followed
rue! tru»»l'< rrtd the
vicm unto the gods^
I tlie iiiOKt piauiiible
lit u» for our Icgidu-
nonrtrutcd tliut God
virtue, he auppujied
e alter the participa
idldiiol suliiink.dftd
Bverest puniihinert'ti.r
deii to examine tBw^ i-'J "S^. '
view; f<"" 'btrehiPW/iiir';^
pre it nothing the*rf tg^L;
lajenty of Ood., or Id ' ;^' ,
I thiii£;8 have here a ' '
the universe; while
c things wisely but
inder"* decent alle- "^
I things us required i\
nd eIl.J)res^ly. How-
rid to know the wa-
nd here a very euri-
*hirh 1 now indeed
of; but if tiod atlord .
)out wriliiig it after I
>rk. I shall now be-
' before nie, after I \^
Moses says of the
h 1 hnd described in
nanner following. '
onjectiiren rteriveil from,
iwould liiive liiu).'ht usn
iiserultliiiieH.wliicliper-
;lio Jcwsno; HHioii)!lliB
iif;BOtliatlwouWB'»e»
test learning and tbe
r allowed; and SealU
sn of foreign nattons,.
ler. Certain at least
icrfftci and accurate
ces to mislead him in
tbe Christian cause.
ipoBcd to bear testi
mvert to his religion,
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
BOOK I
CONTAINING THE INTERVAL or THREE THOUBAND EIOHT HUNDRED ANp THIBTT-TmU
YEAKa-FROM THE CREATION TO THtf upATII 'OF ISAAC.
CllAl". I.
rA< Coiutilution nf (he IVftrld, and the DUpo-
tilion of tht EUnUntt.
(1. IN tlie begiiiiiiii«; fidd crMled the heaven
and the earth. Uut when the earth did not come
into sight, but Was covered with thick darkness,
and nwind luovedUpon its surface, Gud cnniinuiid-
<d that there should be/light. And when thatwas
uiude, be considered the whole mass, and sepa-
rated the light and tbe darkness; and the name
be gave to one was JVt<A/, and the nihi'r he called
^'Day; and be iianiedtbe beginning of liu;ht, and
(he time of rent, tliti Eetning and the Juornt'n^.
And this was indeed theytftfday. Hut Muses
daid it was ont day; 'the cause of which I am
libte to giv^ even now; but because I have pro-
mised to give such reasons for all things in a
ti-eatise by itsell^ I shall putofi' its exposition till
that time. After this, fou ^be second ^:iy, he
° placed tbe heaven over the whole world, and se-
parated it from the other parts, and he determin-
ed it should stand by itself. He also placed a
tTyslallinc [lirmaiueutj round it, and put it to-
f ether in a manner apceable to the earth, and
tted it for giving moisture and rainv and for af-
fording the advant.ige of djws. On ihi third
day he appoihtcd the dry land to appear, with
the »ea itself mninl about it; and on the very
same day hr imulc the piniils and the seeds to
spi'ingout >f the enrtb. On till' fourth day he
adorned the heaven with the sun, the moon, and
the other stars; and appointed them their mo-
tions aiid coulees, tliat the vicissitudes of the
seasons might be clearly »i;;nified. And on the
fillth (lay he pioducid the living creatures, hot^
those that swiin and those that fly; the former
in the sea, the latter in the air. Ho also sorted
them aa to society nnd mixture for procreation,
and that their kinds might increase and multiply.
On tlH}, sixth day he created the four-footed
Beasts, and made thVin iii^dc and feniHle. On
the same day he also formed man. Accioi-diuglv
Moses says, thut in just six da^ s, the world, uiifl
all that is therein, was made; and that the
seventh day was a rest; ai.d a release from the
labor of such operatious; nhence it is that we
celebrate a rtit froin our labors on that ilay, and
■ * Since Josephn», in his preface, »ect. 4, says. That
Moses wrote some thiiipi enigmuticaUii, some uUfgori-
cally, and lliu rest in ptaiti mirda; since, in Ids aiMtuint
of tlic (irst cliaiitor of (ienusis, anil the first three verses
of the scronil, he Rives im no Innlff of any mystery at.
■If: liiit when Iieherccomcatov6r6e4, &:(-., he savH.thnt
, Mo8cs,alter(hoaevcnihd.'iy wasover.liciran totalis ///fi-
lusniiliifilhj; it \i not very iniproliahle that he under-'
•toed the test oftl'esefoiid and tlic third liltqpters in,
■ }mmc enigiiiatii-al ot nllrgoritaloT pkihsoiliettl sense
Thechansnoftlic nnmeof Coil just at tliis place, Irani I
tiohtm to Jehanah F.lohim; from Uod to Lord Ood '
In llic Hel.rew, tiainarilaii, nnd ecpWagiiii, does also
not a little lavor soinv sucii cliance in tlic narration
or roiistruction. ,'„
t We may nlisdrvo lierc, that Joscnhiis supposed man
to be e^nijmuailed of spirit, soul, linj l)ody,with St.
I'aiil, I Tliess. v. 21, and the rest of the anrieiits He
elsewhere says also. That the hlood of animala was
forhiddf ii t o ho eaton , a » hay '-- '■■ '■
. . .. — r - ... - ; — ■ —^■■ , . . .. .. .. . inginitsuul and s plrii.
■ Antiq. h. iii. chap. li. sect. i. " '
J Whence tbii strange notran came, which yet la not
call it tbe Sahlmlh: which word d^iiO|lei. rtti id
the Hebrew tongue.
2 Moreover Motes, after the seventh day wai
over,* begins to talk philotophioally; ami con-
cerning the foruintion of (nun sayi thut, Tbat
God took dust froiij' till! ground, and furmedf
mail, and ini<erted in him a spi^'il and a soul.
This man was called Adiitm. which in the He-,
brew tongue signifies one that is red, because lie
waa formed out of. r<({<«ir<A cuin|)Ouiided toge-
ther; for of_tiirit kind Is virgin and true earth,
tiod also presented the living creatures, wheu he
had made thiein according to llieir kinds, both male
nnd female, to Adam; and he gave tlieiii those
names by which they are still ealled. Hut when
lie saw that Adam had no female Coinpanion, no
society, (for there was no such iriatertv) and that
he wondered at the other animals which were
iiialu and female, be laid him asleep, and took
away one of his ribs, and out of it formeil the
woman; whereuiion Adam knmv her when she'
wut brought to him, and acknowledged that the
was made out of hiitiself. IS ow A woman is call-
ed in the Hebrew tongue Is.ia; but the name of
thill woman was Ete, which signifies the Mother
of all living.
3. Moses says farther, tbat God planted a pa-
radise in the l^^nst, flourishing with all sorts of
trees; and that among them was the 'J'fee of
J^ife, and another o( Knowledge, whereby wag .
to be known what was Good and Kvil. Anii
that when he hfid brought Adam and his ivifn
into this garden, he coininanded them to i \e
CBr<! of the plants. Now the garden wab vviil' r-
ed by one river,t which ran round about t.ie
whole earth, and was parted into four parts.
And I'hison, which denotes a Mnllilude, runnini;
into India, makes its exit into the sea, and is by
the Greeks, called ilanges. Kuphrates also, aa
»vell as Tigris, goes down into the Red Sea.)
]\ow the name Kuphrutes, or Thrath, denotes
either a Di'^trtz'on or a Flower: by Tigris, or
Di^l»tli,is signified whalUswift with narroDmess; .
aiui Gebn runs through Kgypl,BHd denotes what
arises from the Eait, which the (ireeks call JVile.,
4, (ioil therefore coniiuanded that Adam and'
his wife should eat of all the rest of the plants,
but to abstain from the Tree of knowledge; and
peculiar to Josephui, liut, ns Dr, Hudson lays here, is de-
rived from elder authors.ns if I'uiirofthc areaiest rivers
of the worliUrunninstwoof them at Vast dislaiircs from '
the oilier two, hy toiiio means or other watered Tara-
dise, is hard to say. Uidysiiire Jusephus has already
ap|H;arcd to iillr«oriit this history, niiil lakes notice
thntlhcse four iianiea !ind a imrl'liirtnr siirnilicaiion-
IMiisoii for i;nii2C9, a Jlultihidr; Pliralli I'nr Euphra-
tes, cither a Disprraian or a F/awtr; I)i|tlath for Ti-
gris, tpAai la .latift icilk narroteneas; and (icon for
Nile, which nri»r« from the East; nc perhaps ais-
tnke him when we suppose lie litcrallv nicans those
four rivers, e»|)er.iall.v asio Ccon or Nil!', whieharUes
from the Ea.it, while lie very well knew the literal
Nile nriaca frojn the Soulh; tliouch what farther alle-
Koriral sense ho had in View is now, I fear, imponiUe
to iKMleterndned.
5 By the Ited Pea ij not here nie.int fl,e Arabian
Gulf, which alone we now call hy ihal name: hut all
that f-outli SH'a, which mrlmled Ilic Itcd Pea, and III e
fersianGulfiasfar asthe East Indies, as Ueland •■<
Hudson here truly note, from the old gcograpli^ri.
Z0
90
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
.|<
r
forftold to tbcm that if thtjr. touched it, it would
prpva th«ir diMtnicUon. But whila *ll the living
creaturci* liad ona language at that time, the
Serpent, which then lived together with Adam
Mnd'hit tvilK, ahowed an enviuut iliipotilion, nl
hit itippoMl of their living happily and' inobedi-
ence'''t(i (he rommanda oTUod; and ihiaciiMng
hat when they diaobeyed them, they would fad
into csl:iniiliea, he pcnuaded the Wotaian, out of
n nialirioiK ifitentiun, tu taate of the Trti uf
KnoKledge; telling; Iheni, that in that tree waa
the KnowUdn of good arid nil; which, know-
ledge, whi'ii they thiiuld obtain', thi^y Would lead
a happy lite! nay, a life not inferior to thkt of a
god: by which lueana he overeaiiie the w^nian,
and peraunciril her to deapiie the coihniand of
God. Now, when ahe hfd taited of that tree,
and waa pleaacd with it* fruit, ahe perauaded
Adam to niake use of it jiUo. Upon thia they
Jierceived that they were become naked to one
another; and oeing uhanied thua to appear
■broad, ihey invented lomrwhat to cover them;
for the tree •harpenco /their uhderataniling: and
- they covered thenuelves tviib fig leavei; and
tying (bene before them, out of niodeity, they
tnought they were huipier than they were be<
fore, aa theyhad diaiepvered what they were in
want of. Uut wheii uod came into the garden,
Adaui who wai vronf before to come and con-
verae with bini, being conscious of his wicked
behavior, went out of the way. This behavior
surprised God; andi he asked what was the
cause of this hiil procedure? And why he, that
before delighted in liiat conversation, did now Ay
from it, and avoid it/? When he made no reply,
a« conscious to himself that he had transgressed
the command of God; God aaid, "I had before
ftetemiihed about vou bptbj how you might lead
a happy life, witholt any affliction, and ci^, and
vexation of sdiiV; and that all thin^ iv|iicb
might contribute to your enjoyment and ftfea-
(ure shiDuld grow up by my providence, uf,,,tlteir
own accord, without your own labor and pains-
taking; which state of labor and pains-taking
would soon bring on old age, and death Would
not be at any remote distance; but now thou
hast abused this my good will, and hast disobey-
I (I my commands ; for tliy silence is not the sign
ol thy virtue, but of thy evil consf;ience." How-
ever Adam excused his sin, and. entreated God
not to be angry at bini, and laid the blame of
what was done upon his wife; and said that he was
deceived by her, and thence became au oll'ender;
while she il^n accused the Serpent. B^t God
allotted him punishment, because he u'eakly
(ubmitted to the counsel of his wilV^; and'saiu,
the ground should not henceforth yield its fruits
of ita own accord, but that when it nhould be
hanssed by their labor, it should lirin;; forth
some of its fruits, and icfuse to bring forth
others. He also iiuide lO've liable to tlic iiicon-
veniency of breeding, and the shmp pains of
bringing forth children; and thi^ because she
))ersuaded Adam with the Aunie argiim'eiils
wherewith the Serpent had persuaded her, and
had thereby brought him into a calamitous con-
dition. He alsci deprived the Serjwiit of speech,
out of indignation at his malirioii's' disposition
* Hence it appeam, that Joscphua thought several at
east of the hrute animals, particularly the serpent,
rwild apeak before the fall. And I thiillt few of the
more perfect kinds of thMe animals want the orgqns of
apeaenai this day. Many inducements there are also to
a notion, that the nrcsentstjite they are in is not their
original state; and that their capacities have been once
mnehgreaterthan wanow seethem,and arc capat)le
of being restored toi their former ronililion. But aa to
this moat ancient and authentic and prohnbly sll^ori-
cal accountof that grand affair of tlie fall of our first
parenta, I have somewhat more to my in way of con-
jerture,; hut being only a rnnjerniri', f nmit it Only
jn i i»i ii i n i * M ii N H ii iii j M r,i i ijiTil l ir i ■ ii l ili l I I — uuuj
(boa far, that the imputation of the ain of our tirst pa-
rents to their posterity, any (hrther than as aonie way
towards Adam. Bciidas (bit, he inserted poison
nudft. his tongue, and made him an enemy to
nien; and suggested to them, that they should
direct their strokes against bis head, that being
the place wherein lay his mikchievous designs
Inwards men, and il being easiest to take ven--
geanceon him that way. And when he had d<) .
prived tliitt of the use of his feet, he made hini
to go rolling all along, and drarginc himself
uppn the ground. And when Goa had appdlnt-
eu thaw pcnoltiea fdf them, he removed Adam
and Bl!^* Dut.of the gmrden into another place.
CHAP. II.
Cp^firninf tht Poilirily of Adani itni th* Ttn
; QtntratioM from him to ilu Diliigt.
} 1. A DAM and Eve had two tons; the elder of
them was named Cain; which 4iame, when it is
interpreted, sifjpnifie* 4 Pot$^fiiifi; the yottiiger
was AM, which signifies JAM^w. They %d .
also daughters. No.w the two brethren weina
pleased with different courses of life; for Abel ■
thp younger was a loVer:of righteousness; and,
believing that God was' present at all his aCtloDs,
he excelled in virtue; and his employment <<Fjas
that of a shepherd. Hut Cain wl^s not only' tery
wicked in other resaectn, b||t was wholly inteni
upw getting: and lie lint cnnttived to plough
the ground. He slew bis brq,ther on the occasion
followinr. They had i;etolved to gacrtfice to
God. Wow f'iiiii brought tiic fruittiof the earth,
and of his husbandry; but Abet brought milk,
and the iSnt fruits of his Oock; but God was
mofe delighted with the latter oblation,^ when '
he/taas honored with what grew liaturally of its
o«(n accord, than he was with what was the in-
vention of a covetotis ^lan, and gotten by forcing
the ground; whence it wasi that, Cain wasvvery
angryr that Abel W^a preferri^^bv God before
^ini; And he slew his orother, iS)4 bid his dead
body, thinking' to escape discovery, ^ut God,
knowinij; what bad been done, came. to Cain, and
asked him, Whatwav become of his brother? be-
cause he had not teen himqf many days; where-
as he used to observe them conversing together
at other timet. But .Cain was in doubt with him-
self, and knew not what answer to give to God.
Atfirst he said. That he himself wa« at a lots
about his brother's disappearing; but when he
waa provoked by God, ivho pressed him vehe-
mently, v> resolving to know what the matter
was, he replied. He was not bit brother's guar-
dian or keeper, nor was he an observer of what
he did. But in return, God convicted Cain,.as
having been the murderer of his brother, and
Bsiid, "I wonder at thee, that thou knowest not
what it become of a man whom thou thyself hatt
destroyed." God therefore did iiot inflict the
punishment [ef death] upon hint> op account of
his uft'ering sacrifice, and thereby making sup-
plication to him not to be extreme in. his wrath,
to him; but he made him accursed, and tiircaten-
ed his posterity in the seventh generation. He
also cast him tt>gether tyith his wife, out of that
land. And when he was afraid, that in wander-
ing abbut he should fall among the wild beasts,
and by that means perish, God bid him not to
the cause or oTirasion of man's mortality, seenui almoot
entirely groundlesk; and that both man, and th<e iMker
subordinate Creatnrea are hereaAer tO' ,lie. deliv^nd
fromthc curH! then brought upon tbcin,iind at laat to
be itHverrd frtrntlMt ioniagt: i>f camwd'oa, Ron.
vlll. 19-22. 5.
t St. John's account «f the reason 'VliyQodaecepteA.
the sacrifice of Abel, and rejected that of Cahi;aB alio
Why Cain slew Abel, on accqunt of thlit his acceptance'
with God, is much better than thia of Joaepbus. I
mean, because Cam »«< of the ecit one, and tttw
ki$ tratker. And, wkerefort ttev) he l^ml BteMut
k it « »■ ip o r i 'i were ivil , b »< hit t rtjtktr't rtf k U
i
eeut. 1 John, iii. 13.— Joacpiiifs's reason seemilotw
no better than a riiamakal nation or tradition
-\
\
he iMcrted poiton
him an rncnijr to
I, thnl Ibey ihauld
• hex), that beiDg
ikchi«Toui deiigna
mint to take ven--
(t when he had dc%
fe<:t, he made hiin
drarffinc hiniMlr
Uo<r had appdint-
lie removed Adam
to another place.
Adaniiatd th* Ttn
oth*DilHg€,
■ona; the elder of
t-iiame, when it m
|»j*fi; the yoltiijrei' .
»»*ow. They l»rt -
wo brethren were °
• 6( life; for Abel ■
■ighteouincBi; and.
It at all hii aCtlpDt,
i employment <<qn
) wM not only' tery
W8» wholly inteiii
mttivi^d' to plough
her on (heoccation
'«d to gacrtfice to
fruilfiof the t>arth,
tbel brbugbt milk,
lock; but God wiu
ter oA>lat)oo,4 when
ew liaturally of its
h what was the in-
id gotten by forcing
liat, Cain wn«\ very
fetf^by God before
', aQi) hid his dead
covery. Put God,
, came. to Caio, and
of his brother? bc-
monydays; where*
onvercing to)!^ther
\ in doubt with him .
rer to give to God.
Dself was at > lots
ring; but when he
pressed him vche-
V what the matter
his brother's guar-
n observer of what
convicted Cain,.as
if his brother, and
t thou knowest not
im thou thyself hast
did iiot inflict the
hint> on account of
ereby making sup-
itreme in. his wrath .
ursed, and tiircaten-
th generation. He
lis wife, out of that
lid, that in wander-
ing the wild beasts,
lod bid him not to
ortaUtyiseenui almoat
III man, aiiit t|)<e (Aher
lAer to ,,lie. delivaiad
ntbem,tind atlaat'to
«/ eoTniptian,Hott,
ion %liy Qnd accepted .
!d that of Cain; as also
of thiit Ilia aceeptanee-
this of Joaepbus. I
ie ecit one, ani tttw
few he l^ml Btctuit
Ht t rtHtr'i rtg t U
I!
BOOK I.— CHAP. HI
entertain such a miUnchnly siispiction, uml ti) go i
iivirall the eurth ivilhoiit f«ar of what iiiisrhirf
hi; Mii(tht siiliiT fryin wild brimtit; nlid, nittlngn
mark iipnn him, that he might be known, lie
ronimiiiidcd him lu drpart.
i. Anil ivhiiii Cnin had triivi'llcil ov«r many
iiiimtrii'i., hi'', ivitli hlii wiff, ImiJt i, city iinmnl
A'o'i, whuh is n pliil'r no mlNil, iind (hrir lie
.rttU'd liis iilioilc; wlici'ii nlmi hi' liiiij chililnn. '
lldwev. r, hr did not iWpt of his piiniiiliiiii-nt ill i
Older lo aiiii'iiihiiciit, l^tt lu Inntuise his vticbed- i
iiissj (or he only iiinii'tl to prornrc iivcry thing
liiiit vv.iM t',.r hifi own iLlily j)lrii»nrv, thonjjh it
I'hligid him to be injikrloiis In his ni'i;,'lilioi«.
Jhi,iiii)(iii*;iit.'(l hin hohx'liolil mibsliinri- v*ith
much w<'ulth,by riipiiii' lUil violpiicc; hn cxciUil
hm iir,|iiainti»n('i' ti»- prorWi' pi. nsnre iiii.l spoils
liy robbery, uml Iiiciiiik: iiWrcat 1. ml. r of men in-
to u'K tc.l com .,i's. I Ir iilVo iiilrodMCid ii (■hiiii-o
111 Ihiit way of i.iniidl(itv iViicrr'iii meii liv.il Ijc
lure; und was the aiitlibr of imiisiiri'ii aiut
H<i(;ht«; and lih. mis thfyllivi.d iniiiM'.iitlv niid
)i;i.'niToui>ty whih' tlipy kninvliiothhii; of »ii(>i ,irt».
Ik: changed the uorjd iiitd ruiiniiig I'l'Hftincs*.
Hi' /j.fi't of all M't boumlarli.! abuiit lainU; ho
Iiiiilf a cily, and fortified it With Hull'., and hr
■•oiiipilliil his family eo ci)iii^to;{(lli(r to it; and
. alliid that city Enofh, after liii' nailii' of \n» . |.
■Itut '«(Ui Knuch. Row Jariil ivas llic sim .if
Knoch, jvhose son was MalaliVl, ivIiom' son was
.Mithuscla, wli.w son iviia IJaiii<.ih, «hu hail
27
will lhcrrfi)r< only endeavor to give an account
ol tlionp that proceeded from Silh. Now thit
Srtli, when lie was brouglil Uhj and came to
tho«e y< Kr» in ivlijeh lie rould di«.'rii what wu
f;ooil, hi' hi'iiiiiii' II virtuous man; ami as he wat
iiiimlf of an «'!ir. llcnt charnctir, no did he leava
rhildreiit '"hind hiin, who imitated his virtuei.
A I Ih.'se proved to he of good dispositions.—
I hej alto inlinhiti'd the same country without
diKneninoni., and in n happy coiidition, without
any iniafortum h falling upon thiin, till they died.
I hey uNo wei-.t the invciitors of that mculiar
sort ol wi<doin which in conceriiid wilb tlin hca-
y.'iily Imdlen ami their- order. And, that tlieir
invi'Btions might not be lost bi foie th.v Here
midirjinlly liiiimn. iinoii Adam'., pi-edicliin that
llic world wastulii'di'stroycdnt one ffnii' by the
for.'.; of^re,iind at another time liy liii; violence
and ipiantitv of vattr, they made two pillur«;t
the one III lirick, the other'of stoiiC; they inscri-
bid their di'ioveries on them both, that in cas«
the pillar of lirick simuhl be destroyed by the
floo.!, the pillar of stone might rehittirti and e»-
hlhit those diKcnvcries to mankind; nnil also in-
form (hem thiit there was imolher pillar of brick
erect, d by them. Now this remnms in the land
of t'lriad lo.thi!i,)luy.
,. >..;venly.seven childr.^ii by two\Hiy,s, Silla and
; Ada. Of those children by Aili, line was Jabel ■
», lie . cecteij tents, and love (f the life of a shcphenl!
Kilt Jiihal, who was Itarii of llio same mother
with hiiii, exerris.^ biihst If in iiusic,* and in-
vented the pajiiry and th.^ haip. li«t Tubnt,
omul his elul.lron bv'thi; olhei^ivife, exceeded
all nun in strength, ami was v«iv .'Xpert and f..-
:. iiimi* in martial pirfoniiaiircc: (/,. nrocnr.d
,«v|mt (ended to pi, i.s.iiiT- of the Iwdy hv thai
'method; and first of all invenjed Ihe art of nia-
Wng bra^s. I,nnieCh huh uI,„ ilA. f„i|,c,. „C „
" dniigher, whoso name was !\aaii\;.h: -ami be-
r.in«,. he .vas.so skilCul i„ niati.i's tf ,livi„c ,,.
vilation.lhaf he knew he »i,s to lu: i,n„ish<(J lor
Cams murder of his brother, iJ made that
known to his wives.^ Any, even Uhile Adam
«a, aive, itjraine to pass, that the poiteritv of
t.iiiii bctanic exceeding nicked, eviry one "snc-
(.■s.,iy» ly dyni^., one after another, iiLre wick.d
than Ih, former. They ivir,' intol. rihie in war,
.illd y.hement in robberies: and if anV one were
sliHi, lo murder people, yet was he llbld in his
pro l.giitp hchavior, in acting unjustly ,Wi.d doing
injilries lor gain, ^ ^ ' ''°
t i\ow Adam, who w;is the first iiian, am
inadi out of the earth, (for our discodrse must
now be about him,) alter Abel was Xin. and
Cam fled away on acconnt of his murder, was
solicilous for pMterity, and hud a vehenient de-
sire of children, he being two hundred and thirty
years old; after which time he lived otlielr seven
;T"'|-M""tT '•'S-'v "««"'' in<leed\lna,iv
otber ■•liihlreii.t hut Seth in particular. As for
the rest. It would be tedious to name the\,: \
XTZ^ ""^" '" »'-""-&fii!oI??ltte
lion waslliirty-tlitetsan.sanii twcnu throe dsmiliterii
I Wtial la hcresaid of Sell, and his MsU'ritv t at i lieJ,
were vory good and virtuous, and alS,„jB';„""^?v\
f.^!;^'.?;;°':'A'''«l'"'^»'"Mhelaiidof'siriiX'oa^^^^^^
«ain of thi, relatiin r^llriftr'u'e; '^ii. M^t&^,
, ; . GHAP. lU.
Vonetrntnfr'lhe Plqod; and after mhut mantur
Jyiialt vas saved in, an JIrk, uiiM hit Kindred;
and afterwards dwelt in Ihe Plain nf Shinar.
{ 1. Now (his posterity of Seth continued to
esteem 0ml as the Lord rff the universe, and to
have an .'nUre regard to virtue for sevni genera-
tions; i)Ht in process of time (hey were pervert-
ed and forsook the practices of their forefnthera;
ami did neither nay those honors to God Which
w.r.: iippoinletl them, nor bod they any concern
to (h) insiice townrd.s men; but for what -degree
of 7.eal they had foniu rly shown for virtue, Aey
now showed by their actions a double degree of
wickedn. ss, whireliy they made God lo be (heir
emniy. I'or iiiany nngefs|| of God accompanied
with wOiiien, and begat sons that proved unjust
iili.l ilrspHirs of all that was good, on account of
the coniid.'iice they hud ill their own strcnirth-
' »'" »™'''""n ""'. 0">t «l>ese men <lid what re-
si-.iilded the a»:ts otj4n><e whorii the Grecians call
•>tant3. liutNoaWwasvery uneasy at what'thev
did; and, beiiie dr»plea*d at their conduct; per-
suaded them tfichange theicdispositioiis'and their
actions fortlijif b.tt.r;' biA'ifeeing tlity did not
yield to liim, but were slaves to their wicked
pleasures, he waAfraid they would kill him, to-
pfher with his wife and children, and those thev
had mnrried ; so he departed out of that land.
2. Now (iod loveil this man for his righteous-
ness. Yet h. not only condemned those other
men for their wickedness, but determined to de-
stray the whole race of mankiml, and to make an-
other Mce that should be pure from wickedness,
and cutting short their lives, and making their
years not so many as they formerly lived, but one
hundred and twenty only,ir he turned thedry land
foretetl a Confagralion and a De/iijrr, which all anti.
unity witnesses to lie an anrieiit tradition; nnv SethS J
posterity iniffljt engrave tlieir inventions In ast^nomv
oniwosiir 1 ,ii| „rs; yet. it is no way rredilile tl^tlw
could survive the deliiee, which lias buried all such pi?
jars and cdihces far und. r ground, in the sediment of
tan Seth or Hcsoslris, were extant after IR flood [n
■the land Of Siriail and perhaps in the daysof JoSfiS
\al80,, as is shown in tlie place here referred to '^™"
II riiis notion, tliat the fallen; anjiels were in some
ogorofrtK"'" ""' «»V*Sa..h. cJ-n?.^
JOBcphits liere siipiwises, that the life nf i
rrAf Artiiji... nni.. .ia i . ■ . ._ '■ . . : .
.■■»..|,.,,,,. 11,;,,; nil ■ njsea inai me Ie nf «li«»« «i.
reduced to 120 years; which is confirmed by thaftao.
ment of Eno.h, sect. V\ in Authent. RcoTpait 1, ftS^
fa reasoii seemiloti*
Mortradiilon
■^^-
'^r-~--
39
ANTIQUITIES Of THE JBWS.
I'i.
into M*: tiul lliui were lU time luen dettrojrwl;
but Noah alunn w»t Mveil; for Coil tutfKr'i'" •"
him the fiilluwing coiitrivmico >n(l way ut eicnpe;
Thit he »hoiil(l iinke an ark of four •t^riri high,
three hundred cubitt long,* fifty cubiti broad, bm<I
Ihirlv cubili high. Accordingly he entered into
that ark, and hii wife, and tona, and Ihrir wtvm,
and put into it not only other jirovitiont to •iip'
port their wanti there, W alio lent In witli the
reit all loHn of living crealuret, the male and hu
female, f.>r the preiervation of their kindi, anil
othan of them by ieveni. Now thii ark had firm
watli, and n'roof, and wnt braced with cronn
beanii.to that it cooJd npt be any way drownetl,
or overbiirnc by the.'iuoftnce of (he water. Anil
thui win Noah with hli family, prixerved. Now
he w*i the tenth froih Adani.iw b. io(f the oon of
Laniech. who»e father wa» MeUiuselii ; Im- wai the
»on of Knoch, the noh of Jarcd ; and Jared w»»
the ton of Malnleel, who, »v»|li many of hi» »i»-
ten, were the thildreu of Cain, the ion of Knot.
Now F.nii* was llic ton of Seth, the ton of Adam.
3. Tlii« calamity happened in the iik hundredth
year of Noab'« government, [«);c,] in the second
month,^ called by the Macedoniuni IHui, but by
the Hebrew! Jilarhezvanf for »o did they order
their > ear in Kgynt. But Mo^rs opno.inted that
Alton, which in the name with Xanthicu$, thould
be the firtt month of their fcttivuU, becaiuc he
brought them out of Kgypt in that month. So
that thia month began (he vear as to nil the ao-
lenuiities they observed to the lionor of Ood, al-
though he preserved the original order of the
niortCha aa to selling and buying, and other ordi-
nary affain. Now he aayi, that this flood Jiegan
on the twenty-seventh [aeventcendi] d«v of the
forementioned month ; and this was two (nousand
six hundred and fifty-six [one thoutanil five hun-
dred and fifty-six] years from Adam the first
man; and the time.is Written- down in pur sacred
b|iaks,t thoae yho then lived having noted down
with great occuraey both the births ^nd the
deaths of illustrious men.
4. For indeed Seth was l?orn Wlien^Adom was
•in hia two hundred and thirtieth year, who l^ved
iiitte hundred and thirty veara. Seth begat KnoCh
iq hia two hundred' a'nd^ fifth year; who, when he
l.«d lived nine hundred and twelve years, deli-
vered the government to Cainan his son, whom
he had at bis hiindrcd and ninetieth year. He
lived ifine httlidred and five years. Cainan, when
he bad lived-niile huttdii^d and t<;^ years, had his
son Malaleet, who VM^-born in his hundred and
seventieth "year, Tftis ^alaleel, having lived
eight huAd^sd And ninety-five years, died, leav-
ing iki« sonlltred, whom h« bca|t when he was
at bianundrcd and sixty-fifth ye*. He lived nine
hiindted and sixty-two years ; and then his son
Enoch succeeded himi who waK born when hi!
father was one hundred and sixly-two years oK)
Now he, when h« had lived three hundred and
•Ixty-five years, il'cparted, and went to (iod;
whence it i» (hat they have not written down bit
ileath. Now Methuscif, the son of Knoch, who
was born to him when he was one hundred and
sixty-five years old, had I^niech for his son,
when he was one hundred and eighty-seven
^ars of age; (» whom he delivered the govern-
ment, when he had rcUined it nine hundred and,,
sixty-nine years. Now Lantech, when he had
governed M!*'<ii hundred and seventy-seven
years, appoindd Noah his son to be ruler of liie
people, who w»s bcirn (o Lantech when he wait
one huiiilred and eigh(y-(wo years old, and re»
taiiied (he f^oternntent nine hundred and fifty
yearit. These years collected together niak« up
llhe sunt before set down. Itut let no one iit<|uire
into (l]<; deaths of (hese men; for they e^teii(|cd
their live* ull along, together wi(h their children
and griindchildren; but |et him have legard to
their births only. V
5,»\Vheii Gud gave (he signuL and it began to
rain, the water jHiured down forty entire days,
(ill i( became fifteen <'ubi(« higher (Itan th<' ear(h ;
which was (he reason why (here were no grea(- ■ ,
er number preserved, since (hey had no place to
fly (o. VVhen the rain ceased, the Water did
but ju<t begin tu aliate after one hundred and fif-
(y d'ays; (liu( is, on the seventeen(h day of the
seventh month, i( (hen ceasing (o subside for ■
little while. After (his, (he ark risted on the top
o( a certain niountain in ArnienitL; which, when
Nonh understood, he opened it, and seeing a
small piece of land about it, he continued nuiet,
and conceived aome cheerfui hopes of deliver-
ance. iJut a few days afterward, when (he WB-
(er was tlecrcased (o a grea(er- degree, he sent-,
out a raven, aa desirous to learn whether any
odier part of the earth were left dry by the vva-
ter, and whether he might go out of the ark with
safety ; but the raven returned not. . And after
seven days, he sent out a dove, to know the state
of (he ground, which came back to him coverecl
with mud, and bringing a^ olive branch. Her«r
by Noah learned that the earth was became clear
of the flood. So after-he had stayed seven inori>r
daj'S, he sent the living creatures out of the jrk,
and both he and his family went out, when he al-
so sacrificed to God, and feasted with his compa-
nions. However, the Armenians call thia place}
A^tZ.xff.it,, the Place of Descepd for the ark
being saved in that place, its remains are showed .
there by the inhabitants to (his day.
6. Now all the writers of the barbarian hiatu- ■
ries make mention of this flood^ and of this ark;,
among whom is Bcrdssiis the Chaldean. For
wben ne WiiS describing the circumstances of the
flood, he goes on thua: "It is said, there ia still
For a* to the real of mankind, Jaaephu» himself confes-
oea tlHsir hvcltwere mucMonger than 120 years, for ma-
ny (eneralkfha after the noodj aa we shall see presently:
and beaaya, (hey were (raddallyabottenedtill the days
of Maae;, and then fixed [for some lime] at I30,fliaii.
yi. aecCS. Nor indeed need we aupposc that either
Enoch or Joaepl^s meant to interpret these tSO years
for the life of menliefore tlie flood, to be dlflSerant from
the ISO yearMif Kod'a piiliencc [perliapa while the nrk
waa preparing] till the deluxe; which 1 lake to be the
ineapUit of (pOd when he threatened this dirked
world.'^t if they so long continued impenitent, their
Aim tko»^i,nomon (hart 130 jr»r4.
* A coliit ia <baut31 Engliah inches.
t loaephui here truly determine*, that the year at tlie
flood began about the autumnal equinox; aa to what day
AT (be month the flood bcfian, our Hebrew andSaman-
tan, and per hap* Jo*ephn*% own copy, more rightly pla-
ced it on the 17th day instead of the 37th, as here; for Jo-
■ephnsagreeswKhtheinMto ihedistanee of I.Wdayato
tbe ntbday of the7th month, aaOen. vii. ult.with vlU. 3.
t Joaephiu here take* notke, that these ancient genea-
bmlaa were flr«t jet down by tho«e that then lived, and
lyoaathcm were transmittcd down to posterity; which I
suppose U> be tbe true acceont of that matter. For there
is lio reason to imagine that men were not taught to
rtttd and wrife soon after they were taught to tpeak:
and perhaps all by the Messiah himaelf; who, under
the Father, was the Creator orOovemor of mankind,,
and who froiucntly in those early day* ajipearfd to
them. „' , .
$ This A«-ea»T^iei', or place ofiftctnl. Is the proper
iliiiIuIih-IiIiWm Mi fllii I 'ill Itia
called in Ptolcmv, JVVuiui«>,and by MoseaChorenenaia,
the Armenian historian, M<*«Miii bnt atihe place iMel(
Jfatkiitknan, which lignifie* thefrtt place afde»ce»t;
and i* a lasting monument of (he pr^rraiion of Noah
In the ark, upon tbe topof that mountain, nt whoae foot
it wa« built,** the flrat city ortown after theflood. B^e
Anilq. b. xx. Chap, ii.aeet. 3,and MofeaCfaorenenaia, p.
71, 7S; who alao aaya, p. 19, that another town was re-
lated by tradition to have been called Sercit, or tke place ■
■ of diepenion,on aocount of the disperaion of Xi*u>
thni*,orNa*b'**on*, fromthenceflrat made. Whether
any remain* of thi* ark be atilt preaerved, a* the peo>
Sle of the country *uppa*e, 1 cannot certainly tell.
Ion*. Turnftiri'hadbot very longalnee a mindtoaee
the piaec himielf, but met witH um greet danger* add
difflcultie* to venmre tiiroq|h itaem.
■v|.
LMt
BOOK L-CHAP. iv.
■iily-twoyewiok)
lhr«« liundKil and
ind went (u (iod ;
o( written down bia
•on of Knoch, who
•t one hundred ind
iniech for hit ton,
I and <:if(ht]r->evcn
'livered tlie (^Tern-
it nine hundred and,,
iiech, when he had
and •ev«nty-«'veii
in to be ruler of llii^
iiiieck when tie wait
[> ycart old, and re*
c hundred and fifty
'd tOKCther make up
ut lei no on«! m<|uire
Hi for they erteiujed
r with their children
hiin havo tegnrd to
KnuU and it began to
in forty entire dayi,
ip^lier tiian the earth ;
liere were no great- .
lliey had no place to
used, the water did
one hundred and fif-
entepiith day of the
lin^ to aubnide for ■
urk ritted on the top
nienia^^; which, when
icd it, and seeing a
:, he continued quiet,
fui hope» of deliver-
-ward, wh^n the wa-
iBter degree, he >en(-,
learn whether any
re left dry by the wa-
;6 out of the ark with
rncd not. . And after
ive, to know the state
back to him covered
olive branch. Herc-
irth was become clear
ad stayed seven inor(>r
itiirfs out of the ^rk,
went out. when he al-
iKled with his compa-
eiiians call this place)
Dtscepii for the ark
8 remains are showed .
this day.
r the barbarian histu- '
lood, and of this ark ;.
the Chaldean. For
e circumstances of the
: is said, there is still
men were not tauRht to
y were taught to fpeak: .
iah himselfi who, under
r Oovemor of mankind,,
early days ajipear^ to
e ofiffcenl, ie the proper
me of this very city. It is
id liy Mrnea Chorenensia,
■Ma; bnt atihe place iMelt
tke frit plate »fde»ee»t;
the pr^rration of Nqali
1 mountain, nt wtaoae foot
townaftertheflood. B^e
nd MofesChorenensis, p.
lat another town was re-
called Senn, or theplatc ■
the dispersion of Xisu>
inceflnt made. Whether
ilt preserved, aa the peo>
I cannot certainly tell,
longsince a mind to ace
Ittt too |i«at dangari aiid
iiliem. ~
souM part of this ship in Armania, at the moun-
tain of the Cordjirans; and that soma people
o r^jirry oA' pieces ol the bitumen, which they take
' away, and use chiefly as amulets, for the avart-
, ing of liilscbiefs." — Hieron^mus the Egyptian
also, who wrote tha i'hehician antiquities, and
Mnaseai, and a great many more make mention
of the same. Nay, Nicholas of Damascus, in bis
' ninety-sixth book, lialh a particular relation about
Iheiu; where he speaks thus: "There is a great
ineuntaiii in Ariueuia, over Minyas, called Jhttii,
upon which it i> reported, that many who fled at
the lime of the ileluge were sa(ed ; and that oiie
who was carried in an ark, came on shore upon
the top of it, and that the remains of the timber
were a great while preserved. This might be
the .-nan about whom Moses the legiflalor of the
Jews wrote."
7. But as for Aouh, he was afraid, since God
had determined to deatroy mankind, lest he should
lirown the earth vyery year; so he offered burnt
olferlngs; and besought God that naluraiuight
hercaftergo on in its Tomierdrderly course; and
ibtrt he would nut bring on So great a judgment
any more, by which the wholx race of creatures
might be in danger of destruction; but that, hav-
ing now punished the wicked, he would of his
modncss spare the remainder, and such as he
had hitherto, judged fit to be delivcn^d from so
^rvere u culiiiiiity: fur that otherwise these last
must be more miserable than the drsi, and that
. .they must be condemned to a worse conililioii
than the others, unless they be suffered to eicai>e
entirely i that is, if they be reserved for another
dirluge, whill^they must be afflicted with the ter-
ror and the sight of the first deluge, and must
:iUo be destroyed by a sccpnd. He also entreat-
ed God to accept of kis sacrifice, and to grant
that the earth might never again undergo the
like effects of his wrath; that men might he per-
mitted to Roon cheerfully in cultivating the same ;
to build cities, nnd live fiappilv inthrm; and that
they might not be deprived of imy of those good
things which they enjoyed before the flood; but
might attain to the like length of days, and old
agi^, -which the anoient people hiiid arrived at
before.
8. When Noah had made these supplications,
God, Who loved the man for his righteounneHii,
jtrauted entire success to his prayers; and said.
That it was not he who broucbt the destruction
o»i a polluted world, but that they underwent that
vengeahce on account uf their own wickedneiis;
and tiiat he bad not brou^t men into the world,
if hehad_himself deterniined to destroy them, it
W
9. Now when Noab had lived three hundrwl
and fifty vears after the flood, and a^ thair
time happily, he died, having, lived the liuiiiU'r
of nine hundred and fifty years. But let no one
upon comparing the lives of tbe ancienU with
pur lives, and with tha few years which we now
live, think that what we have said of them ia
false; or inakc the shortness of our lives at pr*-
seiit, nil arKUnu'iit, that neither did Ihev attain to
so long a duration of life, for those anoirnis were
beloved of Goil. and [lately J made by (;ud him-
self; and because their -fuoii was then fitter for
the prolongation of life, might well live so great
a number of years; and besides, Gud affordad
them a longer lime of life on iiccount of Iheil-
virtue, and the good uw thry made of it in as-
tronomical and geometrical discoveries, which
would not have afl'orded th^tiuie for Oiretclling.
[the periods of the slara,] unless they had lived
six hundred years; for ihe great year is comple-
ted in that inlervul. Now 1 have for witnesses
to what I have said, all those that have written
antiquities, both among the Greeks and Barba-
rians: for even Mancthp, who wrote the l-^gyn-
tian history, and Uerosus, who collected tbo
Chaldean monuments, uiid Mochusnhd Ileiiiaeut,
and besides these liieronymus (he Kgyptiun, and
those tliat conijHised the rhciiiciim l»i»i(iry, agree
to what I here sny. Heiiiid aUu, and llecatieu*,
and Hellanicus, and Acusilons; and, besides
these, Ephorus and Nicolaus relate that the an-
cients lived a thousand yciir». Itut us (o these
matters, let every one look upon them us they
think fit.
CHAP. IV.
Coftcatiing the Toittr qf lialiylon and tht Con-
fuiiait nf'fonguti.
} 1: Now the sons of . Noah were three, Shenl.
being an instance of a. enter wii<iiom not to have
granted them life at all, than, after it was granted ,
to procure their destruction; but the injuries,
said he; they oflcred to my holiness and •virtue
forced me to bring this punishment upon them.
But 1 will leave off for the time to come to require
such punishments, the eflects of so great w-rath,
for their future wicked actions, and especially on
account of thy prayers. But if I sli^ll, nt any
time, s^nd tempests of rain, in an extraordinary
manner! be not affrighted at the largeness of the
,sbowers\ forthe water sball no more overspread
the earth. However, I require you to abstain
from shedding the blood of men, and to keep your-
seivet jMir* from murder; and to punish those that
commit anV such thing. I permit you to make
use ol^BII tt^e other living creatures at your plea-
sure, and aitypur appetites lead you; for I We
made you IdnU of them all, b«t1i of those that
walk on the land, and of those that swim in the
waters, and ofthose that fly in tbe regions of the
air on high, ckcepting their blood, for therein is
the l!fe. But I will give vou a sign that I bave
left pff my an^r. by my low (whereby is meant
the rainbow, fai\they determined that the rain-
and Japhet, and Hiinr; born one hnndretl years
before the deluge. These first of all ilescended
froiii4he mountains into the pluins, and fioied their
habitation there; and persuaded others ivho were
greatly afraid of the lower gruundn on account of
the llpod, and so were very logth to coiiio down
from the higher places, to venture to follow their
examples. Now, the plain in which they first
<lwelt wus called .SAinai-. God also commanded
them to send colonies abroad, fur tlie thorough
peopling of the earth, that th« y might not raise
seditions among themselves, but might cultivate
a gjeat part of the earth, and enjoy its fruits after
a plentiful iiiaiiiier. But they \iere So ill in-
structed that they did not obey Go<l; for which
reason they fell into calamities, and were made
sensible, by experience, of what sin they had
been guilty, tor when thejr rUmrlnlied lyith a
numerous youth, Cod admonish) dtjienl again to
send out colonies; biit they,-imngiiiing that the
prosperity fliey enjoydd was not dorived from the
fatfll"of God, but iiuppusin? that their own pow-
er was the proiMT cause of the pkntiful condition
they were in, ifid not oliey him. Nay, they added
to this their disobedience to the Divine will, the
suspicion that they were therefore ordered to
send out separate colonic*, that being divided
asunder, they might the more easily be oppresseil.
2. Now it »'a4 Ninirod who excited them to
such an affront and contempt of God. He was
the grandson of Him; the son of Noah, a bold
man, and of great strength of hand. He per-
suaded them not to ascribe it to God, a* if It was
through his means they were happv,-but to be-
lieve that it lyas their own courage .which pro-
cured that happinea*. ' He also gradually changed
the government into tyranny, seeing no' other
way of turning men from the fear of God, but to
bring them into a constant deiiendence pn hia .
own ppwer. He also «aid, " He would be re-
vcnged on God, if he shoulil have a mind to
.r--
toff was the 6ou^. of h od V i\.T ZlZ'!^ J V t •>-=»k^ vn uoo, ii ne snouiii Have a nnnil to
«id Td pr^S liu". i^e wen ".w^t" ^"' ''"' ' f T" '\- "»'•''' I'S^^i/or that he would bi.id
f <:¥ >iiu% ue went away. i a tower tuo high foi^ the waters to be able to
' /
30
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
i ,■'
rMch: mil that h« woiiM avriiKc hiiiiMir on
(io<l lor (l*tlru>in|[ tli»ir liirrl'iilhi'ni."
3. ^ow IliK iiiiiUitudit wiru very riiiitljr lo liil-
low the il«Urniiii«liui> "( Niiiiruil, mid lu • nU't-ni
It ■ pU.i'< of cuwardirA In tultmlt lu (lo<|i uiiil
th«y uuiU* towar, n«i(hrr«iiaiiiir niiy |Hiiiii, iiur
liflnf; In any ittntt» ni'Klizvnt uiiiiiii (li<- iviirk.
Anil, by rraton o( the inultiluilu of hniiili <'nl'
ployril In it, il grvw Vf^ry liivh, luoiH'r tliiiu uriy
una cuuhl expect; but llir thii'knriit of it una mi
Kreal, and il wan an atriiiigly ba|ll, that tlirrcby
lit (treat hi'ijflil ««iiiii(l, iiiiun the vifW.Jo hu U»h
than II rmilly wiia. Il iviia built or burnt-il brick,
renienleil luf^i'thir wilh niorliir iiinile of liitiimtii,
lliHt It luiKhl not b« liubli! lo atlrail wiiler. VVIirn
(jod aaw that tin y acted a« madly, he did not r<-
aolvo lo diialroy thcni utii'fly, ■incii llicy wt^re
not grown wi><:r by the de-triirtloii iif Ihr fiiriiiir
ainn<:ni, Inil hii riiiiatul u tuiiiult Kiuoii|r tin in, by
producing in thdndiv«i'«lttii{{uiiK>^», itiid cuiiiiiiit;,
that through th<i niullilNdci of tliiiau lHii|(uuj;i.'a,
they alioiild not be abhi to iiiidiraliind one un-
other. The plHru whi'ie'in they built the |otv( r
in now rnlled JMtt/lon, boanai^ uf the rolil'iiaioii
of thill lanKiiii}.t^ which they rimlily iiii(l<r*t(ir)d
before; farlhi/ II) liriwHiiienn l>y thr word Hubi I,
con/fitfon. Till" S\liil uho iiiiiki'4 III! Mlion of iIiik
tower) and of the c'onOii'ioii of lln' l.iiigiiiijfi' whrn
>ho siiys thiia: ** WIk u uU iih ii ui ri' of Oiic l:iii-
guace, aouie of thtiii hiiilt u high toiyi r, ii» if tiny
it'oiild thereby iiKCend U|> to lii'iivcn,.1i'iit <hi- ^mla
«ent atorinaol wind and overthrew Ihi^ lowi j',iiiiil
(piVKf livery one hii |i<'Ciiliiir liiiij^iiiip-; and for
thia rcaiuii it »»• tln^ tiiuclty wii< iidlud Ilnhy-
Ion." But ua to the |'hdn of iHhiniir, hi the coun-
try of liitbylonia, llolluMih liii'Mlioiia il, when he
»ay« thu<; "Such uf Iliu jirli -ts iH were biivhI
took the lacred vcusi U of Ju|iitvr Kiiynliua, and
cnnie to Shinar of liuhyluiiiii."
(,'11 \P. V.
.i/ltr what manner the rnslerihf, ij" ^Ximh .icntonl
Coloniet,and inliahiltdthfViinlcHiirth.
{ 1. AfrKR lhi» they Were disi!er»iil Mliroii(!,oii
account of their laiiguHKci), iiiiil went out by co-
lonies every where; und encli roloiiy jflook pos-
leuion of liinl Iniid which thty |l;;hleii n])nn, uiid
unto which (lod led thciii, io thut the whole con-
tinent was filled with tliejii, Ixitli the iiil;iiid niid
the niaritiiiie countries. There w< le »oiiie nl»o
who passed over the sen in ships, i.iid inhabited
the islands; and some of thow hiill»ii» do still ii;-
taiii the denoiuiimtitins v.hii'h wuie i^ivin Ihiiu
by their first founders; hut some liuvu lost theiil
also, and some hiivu only iidinitted rertivin chtiii-
ges in thun, thiit they niight he the iiion- I'litelli-
ttible to the inhiihitmits. An-l they were (he
.Greeks who beCHiiie the .luthors nj' audi liiulii-
tions; for when in after ii^es they grew |)Ot^ut,
they claimed to thelus<■l^<^ the glory of iinljqui-
ty; ^ving nanus t<> the nations, that suiiiided
well, [in Greek,] that they might he better uu-
di rstood aoiQng theiilselyts; und setting iigre»ii-
ble Yorms of goverimieiit over tlieni, iii if they
were a people derived from themselves^ V,
CHAP. VI. •
! liow tvtry ^aliim vna denominated from tliiir
• Jirst Inhabflanls.
Jli Aow they were the grandchildren of Noah
. in honor of whom uaiues wxre jinposed on the
nations by those that first seized upon them. Ja-
jihet the son of IMbah had seven sons. Thiv inha-
tiited so, tliat beginning nt the mountains Tnurtis
and Anianus, they proceeded along Asia, as fac as
the river Tanais/and along Europe to Cadiz; and
settling themselves oa the lands they lighted
upon, wliich none hud inhabited before, they
cidled the nations by their own names, t'orfio
filler fiuuulied those, whom the (ireeks noyv cull
Cni@<tan«r[t>alU,} but Were thed called Oqme-
rilit. Mni^o;; founiiid thiwe that froinhim war*
iiuiiiril JUa/fufiltt, but who nre by the (Ireakt
I nllid Heylkiuni, Piow as 10 Jiivan and Madtl,
the lona (if Japhrt; from IMadui cainii Ihr M***
ilrans, which urn ndlcd Mtdt$ by |hc (iracki;
bill from Javan, .loniii and all (he (irrcliins ara
derived, Thobf I founded the Thohi lid a, which
are i)tivv culled Ibtrtti and (he Miiaochriii wera
foiinihdliy Moaorli; now they ure CH^ipadoclani.
There is alsrk a nmrk of their niicleni denoiiMM-
lions alill to be showed; for (here is evi n now
iiinoiif; them a cilv culled Muzucii, which may
iilliinii thoae ihiil nre iihle to underHtiiiid, that so
iws Ihe entire iiatinn once culled. Tliiras also
calleil thuie whom he ruled over Thiraiianif
but the (■reeks changed the name into Thra-
cinnii. And ao nuiiiy were (he countries (hut had
the chddrep ot^'iluphel for their iiiliahitiints, Ot
(he tlirce amis liftiohier, Aaclianiiz foiiudrd (he
/ sell. iiiHsiuiiB, who are now Called by the (ireeks
Illiifpmani. So did Itiphnth found (he llipheana,
now cnllcil i'lt/ihlaKOnianf, unil 'Ihrugrainina
the Thrii^runiiluiiiii', who na the (Ireeks re-
lulved, were, iiitiui d l'lirjfi(laut, Of thii lhr««
soiisof Jiiv.in ulao,lhe son of Jiipliet, Klisii gave
hnuiu u> llie l'',li.<i.iiis, who wire his kiilijects; fhey
uie now tliv .I'.oliiiii^. Thiiriiis to (lie, 'rhurB'.nns,
lof «o Miis Cilicift III' idd lulled; the aign of which
ia tM-, tfi: t tlio ii'dileat cil\ they liiivi , and a mc«
t.'opoli.t nUo,iaTariHi",1he '/'iiii being by change
put fir llie 'thrill. Cethiuiiis iiiM>eaaed the
ishind of (.'ithiiiia; i( is now cnlleil C'//'ri<t,' a(id
from (lin( it is, thut all ivhiiidi?, niid tlic greatest
Iinrt of Ihe aeii-coijats, nre iianu >l ('ethiimi by the
Itbi'iws; and one city there is in Cyprus (hat
has been iibli' to I'leserve its ilennuniiulion; it it
culled Vitius by thoae who use the iiiiignage of
the Greeks, iiml has not, hy the use of that (lla>
!ect, i.-«cii|ii d the ii:iiiie of (.'ethiuiii. And aii inanf
natioiis have fhe chihlieii aiid grnudchildreu of
Juphel po»i*.i .Hscd. Aow when S have prt niiaed
soiiMwIiat, which perhaps (he Greeks do not
know, J will return and explain what 1 havo
oniidid; for siiidr nuiiies are pronounced here
ttftec ihe inhnner of the GreeKs, lo please ray
rei|der»; for our own country langiiagt: dnet not
so pi'oiiouM '•' til) III. liiit the iiiiiii a in all caitt
are of ttiie and the same ending; fur ill' name
we lure pronOiincr, Aocnj, is there JS'imU; und
ill eve IV inse retains the ►aine t'einiiintion.
i. 'I he clillilren of Hani pos^esaed llin land
from Syria and Amanua, and the iiioniituiiis of
l.ilmiiu.'.; iiei/.ing upoa all thut wcm on its sea-
coast.*), and as far us (lie ocenniand keeping it as
(hiir own.. Some, indeed, of its nanies are
iilie.rly vanifhed away; others of theni bein|f
chnnged, iiild aiiodier soupd given them, are
liiirilly to he tli.seovered, yet a few there are
which have kept their denominatiriiis eiitire.
For of the four sons of 11am, time has not at all
hurt tlie name of Chut; for the Kthiopiafts, ovei
whom he reigni'd, are even nt this day, both by*
themselves iwiil by ull men in Asia, called Chut-
ites. The iiiMiiorv also of the Mesraites iS^'pcf
served in their name; for all we who inhabit thit
conntrv [of .liidea] call Kgypt Mcstre, and the
Kpyptians .iI/fj((rC((7i.f. I'liut also was the foun-
der of l.yl.>i:i, niid culled the iohahifanls fhniitts,
from liliiisi If; there is also a river in ihe couii-
(ry of the Aioors, which bears that name; whence
it'is lliiit we may see the greatest part of the
Grecian historiographers inenlion that river, aW
the adioiniiig country, by the uppellatioa o.
Phut;\int the name' it lias now, nan been by
change given it from one of the sons of Mes-
traim, WMio was Called l.yhyiia. We will inform
you presently whal has hi-en thcocrasion Why it
nas been culled Jlfrica also. • Canaan, the fourth
son of Ham, inhabited the country now called
Judea, and called it from his own name Canaan.
The children of these [four] were these: Sabat
who founiled the Sabcans; Eyilas, who foundc*
i
!'
.;i^:.
..»•
BOOK I.— CHAP. VII.
It Croiii'liini nrcrt
' hy the Orcaki
iiviiii Nnil Mmltl,
li cuinii Ihr M*-
bjr |lic (irMki;
liii (irrciiin* ara
liolii li(i«, which
Miooi'liriii wcr*
ri' Ciijipiiilui'liiiii.
K'irnI ili'iioiiiina-
rrn U rvi n now
iiicii, Wlilili majr
ili'mliiiid, that no
I'd. 'Iliiraii nUo
v< r Thirutiimif
niiiii iiitci Thra-
miiitrio ihiit lir^d
iiiliitliitiinlH. 0(
nni ('(iiiiiilfil tile
•il liy lilt" (ireeka
nil IMC lliphrann,
III 'rhrii|(rHiiiinit
(III! (Irrnkii ro-
1. 6f Ihiii ^»hr»«
ijiIkJ, Kliaii f;uv«! :
iii«nil)jo(t«; Jhey
to III!', 'rhuri'iiiif,
thi' KJpi of which
hiivi , aiiil u iiic'
1)1 iii^ liy ihaiige
B iiiM<ri»i(d the
Hoil C'v/jrH*; »(id
mill tlic )rr«a(ril .
I ('t'thiiim l>y the
8 in ('y|)ruii that
iiniiiiiiulion; it ii
till: lllll)(Ht>ge of
UA« ni that (Ha-
ni. Ami noinanf
^riuiilriiildrcii of
S hinr pri milled
CIri'i'ks ilo not
lin wliiit I have
nrnnounci'd here
K«, to |iliii»«; my
in(;iiiigt: doit not .
iiii.ii s in all cait§
^fr; Uiy tli< mime
liicrr A'ouU; iind
i^iniiintinn.
>»M'»»rd tlin land
he monntaiiia of
[ wr.f on it» sea-
aiiil kct'pin^ it as
t its niiiiMs are
> o|' thciii livini^
jjiven thi'iii, are
u I't'W tlicrr are
niniitiF>nii c-htire.
iiiitv hiiK not at all
Kthiopiafts, ovei
this diiy, liolh by*
sia, I'Hili'd Clini-
Mt'sraitis i9'>tf
e who Inhabit thli
Mcstre, and the
jio was Ihf town-
abitanls fhniitti,
iver in ihe oouii-
lat namr; whence
at«'st part of the
mlliut rivir, aW.
; iippcllutioa o.
ow, hati bi'cn by
the soin of Mcs-
We will inform ■
Cidcraiiion ivhy it
anaiin, the fourth
jntiy now called
fn name Canaan.
ere these: Saba*-
ilas, who foundc*
>li« 'Kvileani, who tra called Otluki Sabalha*
luiinJrd Ihe Sabathent; thry are now calird by
Iha (Ireekt ^litmbofn$t Sabai'ta* irllM (he
Subaclena; ami Kaimna the Karnii'aiUi ami he
had two ioM, tha one of whirh, Juilailaf< Milled
the Juiladeajia, a aation of wrtlerii Klhioplana,
aad left ihemiiia name; ai did Sabai, lo Ibr Sn-
beam. Hut Nimrod, the aiiniif (^hii*, ilayedaml
tyrannitcd at llahylnii, as we have iilready in-
iiirmed ^uu. Now all Ihe children of Mearaim,
liriiig e|i(ht IM number, poiinted the country
I'rum (lau to KKynt, ihotiKh it rrlained the aanie
'if one only Ihe Philtslim, lur Ihe (ireaki called
|iart of that .■(ivnlry faltitint. K* fur the reit,
l>udlrm, and Knrnflni, iind l«bini, who alone in-
habited in Libya, ami called the country ffqni
himartf; Nedini and iVthniiim, auci' pheilojifl,
Iind C'rfihtiiorim, we kuow nolhinK of them be-
•idea their naniei; for the Klhiopic war,* which
we Khali urw-ribe hrreiifler, wan the cauie that
ilwiie citiea weri' overthrown. The loni of Ca-
naan were theie: Sidoniui, who alto buiU a rity
■if the nine name; it i> called by. the Qrevki
Siion) Aniathun iahabilad in Amatklne, which
la even now called Amathi by ifie inhabilanti,
iillhough Ihe Miicediinlani named it H'pifhania,
from one of hit iHnterily; Arudeun |Hiiieiiieil the
■•land Aradun; Arucai iioaieiied Ante, which In
in Libanui. iiul for the levcn .lother* [Kucu*,]
tJhettciia, ieliuacui, Amorreua, (ierf^eneui. t'.a-
deui, Sineiit, Saninreua, we have iimhiqK in the
aacred buoka but their namei, for Ihe llehrewi
'.verlhrcw their cities ond their calainllica came
opon them on the occaaion fullowinK.
3. Noah, when after the delurc ihe earth wa*
roiettled in it« former Gohditiun, aet about ita
<-altivalion; and when he had planted It with
vmet, and when the fruit waa ri|)e, and he had
(E«lh«red the grapca in their aeaaoii, and the wine
was ready for une, ho oflered aacrifice, and feaat-
ed, and beinKdriink.be fell asleep, and lay na-
ked man unseemly manner. When tiisyounrcst
aon_»aw this, he came iauRhinjc, •ml showed him
to his brethren; but they covered Iheir father's
nakedness. And when Noah was made sensible
of what had beeii done, he prayed for posterity
to his other sons; but for Ham. he did not curse
liiin, by reason of his nearness in blood, but cur-
sed his ponterity. And when the rest of them
escaped that curse, d'od inAicte<l it on the chil-
dren of Canaan. Hut as to these matters, we
•hall sneak more hercaner.
4. Sheoi, the third son of Noah, had five sons,
who inhabited the liind tl;at beg;an at Kuphrafes,
and reached to the Indian ocean. For Klam left
hehind hini the Elamites, the ancestors of the
Fersians.^ Ashur lived at the city Nineve; and
named Jus subjects Jltiyriani, who became the
most fortuihte nation beyond others. Arphaxnd
named the Jlrphaxadilm, who are now called
ChaUeam. Aram had the Aramites, which the
1> reeks called Sy riant; as Land founded the
Laudites, which are now called Lydiant. Of the
four sons of Aram, Iji founded Trachonitis and
Damascus: this country lies between Palestine
and Celosyria. Ul founded Armenia; and Ga-
ther the Bartrians; and Mesa the/Mcsaneans; it
j» now called Charax SfOiani. Sala was the son
of,Arphaxad;andhissoriwa8 Uel.er,'for whom
Uicy- origmally called the Jewsf Hebrews, He-
ter begat Joclan and Phaleg; he was called Phn-
• One ohservatlon oufht nottohe here neclecteil. with
regard to that Etiilopic war. which Moie., as^enwal of
the Esyptlans. put an end to. Aiitlq. B. ii. eh x. and
iriVrAr" °"' '"""""f" seem very unconceinedi
stpn the removal or ileslrurtion of alift)r seven nations
of the porterlly of Milr.rann. with tlie(»,i-iile";"Xti
Joaephus woqid not hnve.nid.lf lie liad nih hadanrient
'^l!."i . ^""'^y "'°y h'' -"li tnlona. thniigh thoLa re'
31
leK bacauae he was bom at Iba dispersion of tha
ualions lu their several countries; fur I'halev
aiming the llelirewsaiKniAes JtrMum. NowJiK-
lau, one of Ihe aona of lleber, hail Iheae aons,
KImodaid. Saleph. A.ermi.th, Jem, Adoram. Ai-
sei, Ijecla, Kbal, Aliimeal.Habeua. Ophir. Kuilal.
and Jniwb. Theae inhabited from Cophen, an
Irnlian river, ami in |)art of Aria adjoiniiiK loit.
And thia ahall aulllce concerninK iba aons of
ahem. "
*• J will nuw ireal of Ihe Hebrews. Tha son
of I haIeK, whose father was llelier, was Ranu;
whose son was .Seruf , to whom was born Nahor:
his son was Terah. who was Ihe father of Abram,
who acconlinnly was Ihe tenth from Noah, and
was Imrn in the two hundred and ninety ■•econd
year after Ihe deluRe; for Terah berat Abram in
his seventieth year. Nahor tiCKat Haian, when
he w#Sone hundred and twenty years old; Na-
hor was born lo Serug at his hundred and thirtr
second year; Kaxau had Seruj at one hundred
and thirty; at Ihe same time also l>halef( had
Ragauj lleber l>eRlt Phaleg in his hundred and
Ihirtv-fourth year; he himself hting befrotlen
by Sala, whelk he was a hundred and thirty
years old, whom Arphasad hail for his son at thi
hundred and thirly-fifih year of his are. Ar.
phaxad was the son of Sfiein, and born twelVa
I
years after the delure. Now Abram had two
brethren, Nahor and Flaran; of these Haran left
a sort. Lot; aa also .Sarai and Milcha his daiieh-
tera; and diexl anionic the Chaldeans, in a city of
the Chaldeans called (/r; and his monument it
showed to this day. These married theii'nieces.
Nahor married Milcha. and Abram married
Saral. Now Terah hating Chaldea. on account
of bis mourning for Haran, they ill removed to
Haran o( Meso|)otanila, where Tenth died, and
was buried, when he had lived to be two hundred
and £ve years old; for the life of man was
already by degrees diminished and becama
shorter than before, till the birth of Motet:
after whom the term of human life was one hnn-
dred and twenty years, God determining it to tha
length that Moses happened to live. Now Na-
hor had wRht sons by Milchi; Ui. and Bni,
Kcinuel Chesed, Aiau, PheldaS. Jadelp, and
Bethuel. These were all the genuine sons of
Nahor; for Teba, and Gaam. and Tuchas, and
Macba. were born of Reuma his concubine; but
IJethuel had a daughter Rebecca, and a son
Labap. ,1,
CHAP. vn.
How Abram our Porr/aVter UenI out oftht Land
"ftlit (^kaldeant, and lived in the land then
callta Catiaau, but note Judea.
} 1. Now Abram, having no son of hit own,
adopted Lot, his brother Haran's son, and his
wife Sarai's brother; anil he left the land of
Chaldea when lie was Jioventy- five years old. ^
and at the command of God went into Canaan,
and therein he dwell hiniself, and left it to his
nosterity. He was a person of great sagacity,
both_ for understanding all things, ami pcrsuadine
his heaiwrs, and qo( mistaken in his opinions;
cords neiui now lost.
-LTIir.' ""S ■?*■ """ *;"''^ tt'irtw, from this their
progenitor Meter, pu^ author -Joscphus here righUy af-
--.-, ^^, ......u_Ei. Ill iiii upiuions;
for which reason he begaiJ to have higher notions
of Virtue than others had, and he determined to
renew and lo change thii, ouinion nil men hap-
pened then to have conceding God; for he was
lirmt; and not from Abram the tiebrew, or Paitmrer
over Kuphraica. as many of the moderna suppoae.
Shem is also called Hie father »f all tkt cIiWriTJ/
Heker. or of nJUk, Hjirew.. in a hbtory Ion" Sfort
Ahrani passed ov« Eupliralea, Oen. «. 8|, Ihouih it
must be confc«ied, tliat. Gen. xHTiS, wheVo the or". •
nal says, they told Ahram the Hebrew, the Beptuac^t
renders il the Paieenger, >ri,«T,<: but thia tsaraken
only of Ab r a m l i l m self.wliul i nd t h'eB tately oasaeaov^
™"?i''^-.5"* *•.■""!?•'. 'jjinlBeMlon ot'iVeHrt.aw
word, taken m an appelUUre and not at
name.
a piiopW/
ANTIQtIlTtEH QV THE JEWH.
. M
Ika flnt that «tii(ur*il to publi*h ihi* nnlloa, thai
Ibcro wu but On* Uwl, thu (.'mlur uf lh« tjni-
v«rt«; ■n<l that a* to olh#r, [|(<mU,] il ll>«]r eon'
tribttttid itajr lliini; to th* tia|i|iincM of luaii, that
' ' ailonlail it onl^r acconlinK to kit
•aeh of tliain
■ppointoMnt, apil tool b* thair'uwn pi>w«r.
TbU
hu i>|iiiiton •»■• it'll*)*!! I'niiii Ihii (rr«i(ular |ih«-
■oiaaiia that wrra viiilitx liiilh at Uml and a«a,
•a> Mrcll aa Ihina that ha|i|xiii to Iha luii. aiul
moon, and all tlin hra«anljr bn<li«ai thut, "if
[•aid haj thcaa bwlira had poWfr of thair own,
(bay waM crrlaiiily tahn lara of Ihtir own rn-
gular mulion»i but ■im.ii ihry ilo luit prraarra
auch racularll^, Ihcjr nialia it plain that «i far tut
Ibay co-op«rat« to our ailvnnlaK«, lh«y do it not
of Ikair own abliitiaa, but ai ihi'jr ara aubafrvi-
ant tu him that i-oniiiianiU thtsm, to whom alona
mm ouirht jually to nllVtr our honor and tKfinkii-
Siving?' tor which dortrinvi, whrn th« Cl^iil-
nana, and olhar |i«o|ilf! ol' Mrai)|i<>lartiia, ruitrd
a tumult againat him, h« thought At to Uavt that
country] and at the coiiuuaniT, ami by Iha niai«-
lanca of Qod, lie cania and lived in thr land of
Canaan. Ami when ha waa there actlUd, he
built an allar, and |>rrruriu<-il a ■acriliri' lo (i»d,
3. Uqruiua uientiont our I'uth) r Abrnin with-
out iiauiin;; hitii, when hv lavi thuai "In ihe
tenth Ki-ni;ralion after the lliuid, lh«rewaa ainoMfr
the Chuhlciuia u iniin, riKhti;"U> and ((leal, uml
/tkiijul in ihii I'tlmtiul aciriici'. liut llct'ula'Uii
doea mora than barely mention lijini for hr com-
raaed, and left behimi him, a bonk conci'rninr
ini. And Nlcolaut of Damnicut, in the fourtH
book of hit hiatory •!•>■ thu«; "Abram reiv^ncil
•t Uainaicui, being a foreixner, who oanie with
•n army out of lite land above Uabylon, calkd
the land of the f^alJiani; but, after n l(>nK
time, he got hiiii up, niiil' ri'iiiovrd froiii tliul
couDir) aUo, with liii iieoule, huU wtnt into the
land then called the lanil of Canaan, but now
the land of Judea, and thia when hi* iMwterily
were b«(:ome a niultituile; aa to which prt«lerily
of hia, we relate their faittory in another work.
Now the name of Abram ii even itill famoui in
the country of Damaacua; ami there it ahtiwc<l
■ village named from hint, Tkt Uabilation ijf
Abram."
CHAP. VIII.
Tliat nhtn then wai a Famine in Cdiutan, yibram
tetiil lhi}Ke into Egypt; and afhr ht hadcoii^^
liiiued there awhile, he returned l)aelcagnin.
{ 1, Now after Ihia, when d fiiuiine had inva-
deo the land of Cnna, n, iinil Ahrum had dix'u-
vered that the llgyptiuna ivcro in a llourithiug
condition, he ifaa tiiapulied to iru doivn tt< tlicin,
both to parbfkc of the pirntv tliey eiijpyi^d, and
to bccuiiie nin auditor of their priii>t», nod lo
know what 'ilhey said mncrrnint; thi; god»\ (\t-
aigning eithtV to follow tliein, ii' Ihey hnd better
notions than nk^ or tau:eA'c'en°thFiii into u better
wav, if his own notions proved the truest. Mow
•ee'ing he was to take niiral with him, and was
afraia of tfie madneia of the Keyptians with
regard to women, lest the king sTioutd kill him
on occasion of his wife's great befiuty, he i-nn-
trived this device; — He jiri'lrndetl to'be her bro-
ther, tind directed her m a disKuibling v;»y to
pretend the same; for he said ii would be for
their benefit. Now.as snoii as they ciiiue into
EgyiA, it hnnprned to Abrpiu us he supposed if
would, for (iK. fkilie of Ills wife's (icHutv was
greatly talkjed of; fur whicli reasou I'huraoli, tlio
king of Kgypf, would not be satisfied with what
was rel)urted of her, but would needs see her
hiniselr, and waa.'prw>aiing to enjoy her ; but God
put a stop to his.illQiist inclinarions, by sending
upon him a distamper, and a sedition against his
a
^
gov a rhii ie nt . — And wh e n ho i nnuif i J of th i
priests, how he might be freed from those enlu-
mitiei, tfaey tolu bini, that hia miseruble condition
I waadarlvrd fruniiha wrath of llod, uponarrount
of hi* inelinations to oliuia the stmngrr's wi(*.
Ha then, nut of fear, asked Haral, who tha watt
and who It wn* thai ihi; hmught along with harf
And when he had found -out the truth, h« at-
rnaati Jiiinsrlf to Ahrani, that S|tpposinx Iha Wo-
man let b» his Slater, ami ntft liis wilt, he «i>l hia
alferlions on her, as dniring an aHinity wilb him
by marrying her; but not as inriled hy lull to
anus* her. tie aiao niana hini a large |ir«setll (■
liiuney; and gave him leave toenlrr inloeonatfff
avrion with liie niiial Irarnvil aniiin'g the Kcyp-
tians; fn^n whirheonveraatinn, his virliir ■ii<l hia
rrputalion heraiiie mure rMispicuous tIAn thajr
had been Iwfore. « ". «;
3. ir'nt whereas the Kjiypllana »erti'(liii^i«rif
addirled lo dilTerenl rusliims, an^ d>B^C|ed on*
another's sacred und nceutlonieil ni.nV'<f\fite¥teta .
very angry one with another on l||ift'«r.^vnl,
Abrnui eimfrrred with eaeh of Ihvni, mh LVonfut-
ing the reasonings they made Use of, *every ona
for their own praciires, he drmonstrHtea 4hat
such rcnsnninga w«r* vain, and void uf truth)
wh«reiipifti ha was hilinired by them, in tho|e
rnnfereiiees, as a verf wise niiin, and nnepf ^reat
■agaeily, when hi; ilisroursed oh anv Kubjeet he
niiderd'iuk; and this not' only iilunderiituuiirnKil,
hut ill iMTKUilding cilhl^r men also tii assent lo hinw
He I'limniMui^ite^ |o llirni iirllh|netii', amKdcli-
Vrreil lo Ihrni tho^ciwre of a:.tronoiii} ; for, hC',
fore Abfam caiii<|-V|^M!)fypl, they wAre unac-
quainted' with thoI|j|Blti|. vf le.iriiing! for that
srien.:H cftnie fnmr'iliis^t.l.'al.jittnslnlo Kgypt,and
from theaee, lo the fireeliV alio.
3. As soon nt Abniin was come bark into Ca-
naan, he piwled the lund between him and Lot,
n|Hin urronut of slie tumultuous lujiavior-of
llieir sheiiherils, omeerniiig lliu |m>turi:s<wlier«-
in they should feed their lloejls. Howevei'^ he
cfavc iMt his oDtion, or leave to choose which
Tamla he would i'>ke: and hi took himself what
(he other lift, which were the InWer grvuioliTat
(he fool uf the mountains; ami he himsnif '<velt
In Hebrou, which is a city seven year* aurii uter
than Tanis of ^l''.gypt. liut Lot possessed iha
Iniid of the plum, and the river Jordan, iiot far
from the i,'lty Sod(>tii, which wus (hen n line city,
but i«,iioW d< Hiroyed by the will and Iho wftth of
tiod; liie cause of which 1 shall show in its pro-
per place hereafter.
CHAP. IX. /
Tite Destruction of the Sodomilei by the yiMuAm.
IVar.
{ 1. At thla time, when titc Assyrians hnd the
dumiiiiun over Asm, (he people of Soi)om were
in a nourishing ruiidition, liulli as to riches and
luiniber of their youth. There were five, kings
that munaged the ii0':iirs of this country, Dallas,
l<ar>ia.i, Senubur, and Sunmbor, with the l^ihg of
Uein, Riid each kiu(^ l<d on hisoAn troops. And
Ihe Assyrians uiuile war upon them, and dividing
(heir urmy into four purts, fought against them.
Now every puvt of tpc anny'hud its own coin- .
muuder: nnil when the battle wns joined, the
Aiisyrians wi re conquerors^ and imposed a tri-
ImlG upim the kings o(/the Sodomites, who sub-
iiiitted tu this slavery/ inrelve years, and lO ling
tiiey eoiitiiiued to pliy their tribute; but on the
tliirleiiilli year thi-y rebelled, and then the arin^
of the Awriaiis ciinie upon (hem, undipr their
coinmandei's, Adsraphel, Arioch, Chederlaonier,
uud I'id:!!. Tliesc Lings li.id laid waste ull Syria, ,.
und overtlir(>wn the olfspring of.the giants. And
whea they Were cumc over Hgulnst Sodom, they
pitched (heir cunip at the vale called the Slinu-
vita, fot'lit that time th( re were pits in that place;
out ni^w, upon the destruction of the citv of So-
l oni , that vide l uc i Mne the / . ntr . fltpU a iiitti , a»
/
/
V-(
it \ii rnlU'd ; however, concerning tliis lake we
tball speak iiKint pireaeatly. Mow when the So'
V-:
/
/
r < lixt, upon *crnu*l
III* •IrniiKrr'i wib.
Inrai, who ihn WMt
(hi nliiitK wilh hart
I Ihn Iriilh, ha at-
I •itpptiunx Iha wo-
Ilia Hrll«, hv m't bl(
■n alliiiily wilb him
I inrilril hjr lutt l<>
II ■ liirK« |ir«(MI ta
:(>»nlrr iiiln conMr-
il ■iiiiiH't; tliji Kitjp-
III, hu virliir ■■•■I hii
itulcuiiu* tIAn Ihajr
tlani wrrtiittjfAitriy
iiiml riUt'r^lmw*'* ^
T an l||iii tr^vnl,
if (hiMii, iiH tV'iinriit-
c liin III', t'ety una
itriiinii«lrHl«A 4hat
ami vniil ul' Iriilh)
liy thrin, in lho|o
iiin, mill iiiit'/if^rrat
it OH Hnv Kiihji'ot ha
iiiunilmlnuiirnicili
nlwi til aHcn^ III hink
ii'ilhliiHii', umKilcli-
a»troniiiii) ; fur, hc<
i|, Ihiy win unitb-
I' li'.iriiiiiK! I'ur that
'Uii» Into T'.fi'jrpt, and
lU.
roiii« bark in(i> Ca-
wcin him and Lot,
Ituuiit Ix'linviiir.of
tliu |m>iiiri.n>wlierc-
milt. Ilowevfi^ he
te tu chooic which
took liiiiii«ir what
lit' InWrr Krttuiolifat
ml hr li'iiimn!!' '<vi:lt
•vvo yt'ttn Hiirh liter
Lot poMi'Mt'd iha
n'r JnnUn, iiot far
wita then a line city,
will iinil the w Ath of
hull ihow in iti pro*
I.
liUibyiheyittyt
e Aitvyriant hnd tha
rple of Soiloiii were
Mil aa to riches an4
icre were liv<! kingt
ihla roiintry, Dallai,
or, with the l^iiiir of
liauWn li'oop«. And
II th>'iii,aii(l dividing
'ouf;ht a|!;pinat theiDi
y hud ila own con>>
tie wna joined, the'
and iiiipoacd a tri-
Sodoinitea, who lub-
: yeHrai and so ling
tribute; but on (be
1, and then the arin^
[I them, under their
ochi Chederluonier,
I laid waste ull Syria', ,
; of.the giants. And
nguinst Sodom, thejr
lie cnlled the Stime-
t're pitii in that place;
)n of the city of So-
■ ntf Alphaliilit , as
erning tnis lake we
Kow when the So'
ROOk l.-«lfAP. X. XI.
/
dantltnjainvd ballla wilh (ha Astyrlana, and (ha
llftht WDa vary iihallnal*, nmny of ihrin wtru
killril, and lh« rail wrra rvrrlod rupli»«, aaiimiK
whu'hr<i|i(lv«s waa L<>l. wbu had coma it aMMt
tba HikJuiuiUI.
ciiAr. X.
/dun Altnim/imrhl wilh Ma.^Hyr^ant.aitrfovrr-
ran > /Arm, aaii nicti^ (A< SihliimiU I'rtiontrt,
mnd (wilt /rum Ikt Jtii^rUni M< I'rty (A<y Aeii
g«Unt.
] I. Whin Ahrani htanl of ihrir ralamlt}t,he
waa at iini<« afraid for l^il liiakinniiaii.aiid pitlnl
(he Kiiihimitca, hia frieiida and ntighhora; and
(hinlilii;( il pri>|^H'r to iilf»rd Ilimi anialunce, hi
did ui>( 'Ul.iv It, lull iiiiirrlird haatily, and llis
(Iflli r'k'it fell upon the Aiiayri.uia, near Oiin, fur
thai !« Ilir n'tniK ol Ihr othir «pr^ll^ of Joriluni
and, h< I'lirf Ihry muld nriji thi iiioli'i a, he alrw
lonie «a lllry wvai' in their hnla, lirfura thiy
could lU'tD'ct any harm; and ulliera w'o) W<
not yet Kone to ali'rp,/1iiil wrn audriiiik Ihalljrey
could M"l IlK'di ran uwiii. Alimln |uir'iirj>l{ri(r
(h<ni. till, on ihr arionil ilav, hi dr .ve imininw
boi^y uiil'i lloba, 11 |)lHi'elirliin;',iii^l» f^iiii«a<'il<(
and tlirri'liy demnnalrali'd, Ihnl iii'lory tlnia not
t^penil on mulliluilr, nnil lh« tiuiiilf) r of fiiiiitls,
but the iilarrity Hnd rniirafce of aoliliiTao^iri^ii
(he moat nunirroiia liudiea uf nirii, wWAc he ((<*l
(he virtory over ao Krrni an arm) with nn^liion
than Ihrea hundred and eiKhleiii of hit aervuiila,
anil tkre.i of liiafrirmla; bul nil lboa< .tliiit llcil
returned lionin iiiKlorioualy.
2. SoAbrani, when he had saved the raptlvr
Sodnnilira, who had been taken by the Atisyri.iMs
and I-ol b1»o, hi* klninmn, retiirnrd hnnie in
peace. Now (he kinff of Sodom met hiiii at «
certain plnce, whirh iru.y riillnl The King*
• ZJafc-, where Mrl('hiaede<-,1tin|(of therily Snlrm,
received him. That niuiic aiKulAi'S, 77i'« rifhi-
*ou$ Kinix: and mch lie waa, wilhoul dlviJiili'.
inaoiinirh that, on Ihia ni-coiiut, he H,ia niaile the
prkal of (iod; howi vur, lliey iilVruard called
Salem Jeru$altm. ^ow thl» M.lchiaedir aim-
plied Alirunra army In aiihtjn|iiiiilih.|naiiiif iMiiId
gave (hem proviaiona in abunilaiiee; nhil na (hey
were feasliiigj he la-jjan to praise him, nnd to
bleas Clod for aubdiitni; hia rnemiea under liim.i
And when Abmm gave him the li iilli part of hia
prey, ho accepted of the (cift- Hut the kiiiir of
Sodom desired Abmni lo lake (lie |irey , but en-
treated that he might have Ihoae tium reatoreii to
hiui whoia Abrani had aavtd from the Asayrinns,
because they belonged iinta him. Uirt Abrmn
would not do ro; hor would nijke any other mi-
Tontage of that prey, llian whiit(liis ac rvaiita had
eaten; b«( still insisted thit he\aliou|.l dllocd a
Crt to his friends (hat had assiated jiim in the
t(le. The Unit of tlieni was culled Esckoi, and
tbeii fcuntr, and Mambri.
3. And God cuniniended his virtue, and la'id.
Thou Shalt not how. ver lose the rewards tlioii
haat deserved to receive bv such thv glorious ac-
tions. He answered, And what advuiitage willit
be to me to have such rewards, when I Jiave none
to enjoy (hem after met for ;ie was hilh^rto child.
leu. And God promised (ha( he should have a
Bon.aiHl that his posterity should be very nume-
rous; insomuch (hB( their nuniljer shoiilil b. like
(be Ktai^, When be heard ih.ii, he offired u sa-
crifice to Ood, as he commanded him. The man-
Her of the sacrifice w»» this:" He took an heifer
or three years old, and a«he-goat of three years
Old, and a ram iiijike manner of three ycnrii old
and a «1rtl«-dove. and a pigeon; and, », he WA»
jnjoined. lie divided the (liree former, but the
bird* be did not divide. After which, before he
built hU Hilar, what* IIm binis «t pray tim
abtiiil as ileaimus of bloutl: a ihirina sou • /an*
lo b|ui, ilet Uriiig ihul llieir fMiahUirs w/ild ha
jrli volts lo hi* poalerily, wban ihey ahiirtld he in
KK>p(,(br lour huiidrad vears.f duufhg which
Itnie Ibey should lia aflnlad, bii»' aflerwarda
ahuMld innroiire their ennolrs, tHiiuld ro|H|U«r
IlieCiiiiwnlt.a 1,1 Hmr, and |N>aaa<a Ibaiiiseltes ul
thair land and of Ihiir ciltea. /
4. Alow |M>nsiii dwell naavfli^i oak called 0«.
Kfl Iha plwe iMluhHs loJPanain, not far front
(he cKy of ll.lirun. O/tA li«iii| Hnaaar a( Ida
wife's h^ri'«nu»Ba, he aiilrreied (Tnd lo grant thai
he lliighl hate mule i4sua; and (iud loquireil iil
hnii io li«t ol uoiitKcDuragei uiol laul, Ihni ha
uoidd u 111 to alUlie r«s( uf the hrnelils thai jia
R'ld bealuwedu^iu liliti, ttarainie lie Ud him oul
of ,M.<o|Hihi^l>i, llie gilt of cliildran. Aciord-
iu^ly S,ir^ at (iiid'a looiniand, brought lo hia
be.' iMjK^f her huniliiluldriii, a wuiiian of KgyiK
liaij,/«tearenl, In or lir lu obtain children by h«r(
nl|*>U lids liandiuaid was with tibild, aba (rU
niiipheil, un<l viiilured to airrout Sarai, aa If iha
d.Hninii.n were In couiv di a ami lo In born of her.
Hut ivhon Abi-am r.'siaiK'd her jnlo lliu hands of
HiiMi, lo puiiiali III r, alie CQulrited lolly away, at
aot able to b»»r the iiislanres of Sarai a severilj
(ohiir; and she eiilrtiiled (toil lo have conipaa*
aion on her. Mow ii i/yr^ifs.lnirrl mc( her.assha
wBi going forward in the hiIiIi rmai, and bid her
refill n tolM^r ninaterandiHislreas, forif she would
submit to that wi«« ad\ice, she woalil live better
h«rtafier; for" that the reason of hir being ta
aurh a iiiiserahle casf was (his, that sha had baca
ungrnli lul aiid arrogant lownriU l^rr miflreta,
lie alio toll! hri. (Iial if she dianbeyed (iod, and
went on «till in lier way, she shouhl nerlsli ; hut
if the would return bacif, aha should heconie tha~\
mothi cof a ton, who ahoiildrriKn over that coun-
try. Theae admonitions she ohiyed, and return-
ed to her niaati r fend niialriss, and obtained for- - .
givehcaa. A little nhile aflernanls ale bare Is-
mac I, which niiy be interj-reteii, IfenrJ of Ood,
becau-ii' God had ^fiirj hia mother's prayer.
6. 'J'lu- foreniriiliuned aoii Wat born lo Abram
when he was rig!ily-ain years old; hut when ha
wn» iiinetv-nine, (imi annenreil 10 him, and pro-
niiai il him, Ihiil he hIiouIiI have u ton liy Sarai, and
coniiiianded that his name thouli! be liaac; and *
►bowed him, that from this son sliouUI snrinr
great nations and kings, and that they should olS
tdn all (he land of Canaan by war, from Sidon (o
l.gypt. Hut he clinrged him in order io keep hit
ro»t«ri(y niimitrd wit'i otheni, that they should
he circuiiiciaed in (he flesh of (heir frireski.), and
that (his ahoidd h- done on the eighth iluy after
they were born; the reason of whtih circuiiicU
sion, 1 will eT|lnin in aiiolhi r p'are. And Abrani
inquiring also coiiCJ-rniiiii lanian, whether -ha
should live or not, Ood signified to him, that ha
should live (o lie very old, nnd should be (he fa-
(her of grfi.( nhtnins. Ahrain therefore gara
thanks to tiod fur Ihete bbsaingti and then he, '
and afl his family, nn ! his son, Ismacl, were cir-
cumciiiBd immMliauly. ilie ton being (hat day
thir(eeii years of n je, i-ii I he nine(y-aine.
CHAP. XI.
Itom Gnd ottrlh i-ria Ih $ A'ation of Iht .Womiiti,
out «f Au W'rrt'A n.a-«»hj/ Ihem/nr Ihtir Hint.
{1. Al»(JT(hia Ciiie (he Sodoiniteagrew proud,
on account of Ihiir ri- i'es and great, wealth : (he*
bccauie unjiial (uwrfr !a men, and inipiiius (owar jt
t.od, intrtiiiurb Cat (H«y uid not call to mind (he
ad\nnUgctl(-e: i, (ii,.| frow him; they ha(ed
steamers, aiil ahuaed theniiehet with Sodomi-
tic41 piactiits. (iod wai (herefore. much dii-
^
! ^P*'
ANTiQdiTirji Of Tiir. jkwr;
■laaMMt (t Iktiii, (arf ilalaMilawi lit punith itwm
nir tli*ir |ir|iU, tiKl l<i •T«r<hr<i<t Ihrtr iilir, ■>»l
to Ujr lOMlii lk«lr rouAlrjr, Hitlil l^ar* •linobl
■wllkar ulaiii nor rrall RrtM* >ihI of It.
t. Wn«ii OihI hail Iku* rMulvnl ronrcntiM ■!>*
Smlomilat, Ahrahimi, M h« mi hjr iha »•■ •>'
Mamlir*. •! Ik* iliMir of hi« l«nl, u« lhr«* mi
l|iil(, aiul lhiulilii( lh*in tu Iw (Irangan, h« nM»
up. Ml)! mIuUiI Ihcin, anal tiatlml Iha/ wniilil ac-
rapl uf an •■••riaiiimant, and abiila with hlmj
lo ohirh, arhaq ih«f a||r*«l. ka onlarail cakaa »l
■M*l la ha mad* |ir«Mnll)f, ami iirhaa ba haal
•lain a rmil. h« matltNl il, and bniUKhl il lu Iham,
a* Ihay aal unil«r lha itak. NoM lh*]r uia>la a
•how o( aalina, and b**l<Ua, ihajr aakail hioi
about ilia wifa Harah, whara iha araat and whan
ba aald tha waa wiikln, thajr laid ib*y ihould
coma aitain horaaflrr, and Iml hrr t>«r»ni» a
molhar. ll|Hin whii h ihr wmiian Uuihvd, and
•aid, that il Waa itti|Hi«<dd* (ha abuulcl baar i hil
dran, ainca aha waa niaaly Man of aga. and bar
kuibami waa ■ hundrod. Than tha* )'onraa|ad
SintMlr** ■<> lunvar, hut d*rtar«<l that Ihajr
N^nnrala of OmTi and thai onv uf Ihriu waa
il M iafntm Iham about tha child, and two uf
arthrow of Hii<liini.
n Abraham haard thla, ha waa (riavad
Ma arartn
1 Wha
for tha ttudoiuKaaj tiid ha roaa op, and baaought
Ood for Ihain, an<l 'aniraatad him that ha would
not dattniy lha ri|hlaoua wilh lha wir|ia<l. And
whan (it>4l hwl rapliad. That Ihara waa no (immI
man amon( tha Rodomilaa; for if thara warr
but tan auch man among Ibani, ha would not
puniah anjr of Iham for lliair aina,. Abraham hald
nia t>**<^*' And tha angrla cania lo tha riljr uf
thanodoniitaa, and l^il vnlraalad Iham lo accapt
of a lodcing with himj for ha waa • irarir ifna-
roua bimI nutpilabia man, and una that had laarn'
ad to Imitata tha goodnaaa of Abraham. Now
whan lha Sodoinilr* aaw tha young man to ba of
baautiful counlcnancaa, and Inia to an atiraordi-
nary dagrcc, and Ihal ihay look up their l<>dg-
ingl with l<«l. Ihay rraolvrii Ihrniaalvra l» i>nj<iy
Ihaaa baauliful b<iya by furca and violanca; and
whan Lot eihortad Iham toaohrifly, and nut lo
oflar any thing imniodaat to tha •Irangcrt, but to
hava regard to thair^ lodging in hia nuuia; and
promiaad, that if Ihair iiiclinaliona could not b«
goTan>«d, ha would cipoaa hia daughtara to thair
lull, inataad of thaaa itrugeri: naithar thua
wan thay mada aahamad.
4. But tiod wu much diaplaatad at thair im-
plidaht bahavior, lO that ha both tniola Ihoac
man with blindilaia, and condeninad tha Sodom-
itaa to univaraal daatruction. Hut l^t, upon
God'a informing him of tha future drdruclion of
tha Sodomitaa, went away, taking wilh him hia
wila and dangbMra, who wera two, and itill «ir-
'gint; for thoM that were betrothed* to thani
ware above the thought! of going, and deemed
that Lot'a word* ware trifling, God than cnat a
thHndarbolt upon the city, and act it on Are, wilh
it* inbnbilantii and laid wulif the country with
the like burning, a* I formerly laid when 1 wrote
* Tbeee aaaaiatawto Lol,e* thajr ate called, Oen.
ttl. 13— M, Blliiht be *o atyled hecauae they were be
iralbei lo Lott llaaihtara, Ihouah not yei married lo
them, nee tlie note on Antlq. b. (It. eh. itU. aoct. I.
I Of tlia War, h, Iv. chap. tIU. aecl. t.
iTItlariWara/aali waB,waaae here,aUndin|lillha
dayiof Jneepliua, and he nadaaen h. ThatU waaatand-
Inf then la afao alteeiad by Clement of Rome, rontempo-
raiy with i«eephua;aa alao that It waaao in IKe iteit
«enlary,laatleale4byli*nBiiB,wllh the addition of an
bypothaala how H rane to laal aplong, with all Ita mam-
beie entire.— Wbetbet the aerounl that ionr nioderii
IfaTelleragtye be tma.tbatltla allll alandlnii I do not
kiiow. lie reniota al it»allon, at the utmoet eouthern
lha iewlak War f Rut lM'» wifb roalinmlly
luraina berk In >i«w lha Hty, »t tha f>*iil from
II, anirhving Iim> niraljr ln<|uialll«« what would
harome of II, allkough <lu<l hwl forlilildvn karau
lo do, waa chanftatl Into a piMar of aalt;] for I
haf« M«n II, and il ramaina al Ihia day Now ho
■ nil hit <Uii|ih*Kr< Aril In • ■-•rlnin amall plara,
•Biunipaaaad wiih iha tra, ami Mlllad Mil II
la l» Ibia day tallad Xatri for Ihal la lha word
whirh lha llabrawa naa for a tmmU iKt»g Thar*
il waa that ha li>ad a niiaarahia life, on aaaoiinl
of hia having no rompaoy, and hia want of pro.
vMiona.
S Hut hia daughlara, Ikinking that ell mea-
kjad war* daaln>yril, apiiniai had to Ihair father J
though taking rare not lo Ita |*arcai«a«l. Thla
lha* iIhI, thai mankind might /not utterly fair
aliif lha* liar* aimai lha aon nf iKtl ridar waa
naiiiad Mtmh, nhiiU ilrc<itr>i>iia darlvaiiyrum k%l
fktktri lha yiiunKar bare jimmm, whu'h uaiua
danotaa oiia dan»a4 /**<«>> kinmmmn- Th« (»a-
niar of whum waa lh« father nf lha Moabilaa,
which ia avan aljll a graal l|all<>ni lha lallar wa*
lha father of lha Aiiiinonilaa; and Imlh at Iham
era inhabllaAla of f.'irluayria. And auch waa lha
departure of l«l from among tha Sodomitaa.
CHAP. XII.
Cimttming Ahimtltfhi mnd t<mr.»ntimg itmmtl
Iht ■Von o/ JIhrmkum; and eonctmittg fA* Arm-
Inmns, which vara Ata toiitrily.
\ I. AuRAHAM now removed to/iararoTPalae-
tine, laadliii^ Harah along wilh him, under the no-
tion of hi* aialrr, uaing Oie like diaainiulalioii that
ha hail uaad before, and Ihia nut of fear; for ha
waa afraid of Ahimalrch, the king of Ihal man.
try, who did alaobirnaelf fall in love wilh Sarah,
ami waa dia|waed In corrupt heri Itiil he waa ra-
alrained froid aaliafyinr hia luat by a dao^rroa*
ilialemper which befell nim fruiiitiitd. ITow when
hia phyaiciana drapairad of curing him. ho fell
aalerp, and aaw a dream, wurniiig him not Ilk
aliiiaa the •Iranger'a wifei and wlien he reco-
vcretl, ha told hia friend* that (rod had inflicled
thnj (jiaraaa uiioii him, by way of puniahiiieni for
hiaii^ury to lhealraii||^er, and inonler lopreterva
the cnaatity of hi* wife; for that aha did not ac-
company him a* hi* *i*trr, but a* hi* legiliroata
wife; anil Ihal (iimI had promiaed to be gracioua
lo him for the lime 10 ronii!, if thi* per*oo b« onca
•erura of hi* wife'* chaatily. When he hail (aid
Ihi*, by the advice of hi* friend*, he *rnl for
Abraham, and bid him not h« concerned aboat
hia wife, or fear the corraplion of her rhaalilr,
for that (Soil took cara of hlin, and (ha't it wa* by
hia providence Ihal ha received hi* wife again,
without her auflering any abu*e. And ha ap-
pealed to (tod, and to hi* wife'* con*cience; and
*aid, that he had not any inclination at Ural to
enjny her, if he had kna>wn ahe waa hi* wife; but
•incr, aaid be, thou Irdai her about a* thy (i*ter,
I wu* guilty of no olTence. lie alto entraatad
him to De at peace with him; and to make God
Ihiaqneatinn, which can Onlybe determined by aye-wit-
neaaea. When Oiriatlan prince*, to called, lay aalde
Ihelrfonllah and Hnchrlallan war* and qairreli, and
aendn hod* of At peraon* to travel over the Eaat, ard
hrlni ua lallhlbl arraunta of all ancient monument*,
andp'o'ureuaroplMofallaiU'lent rero'da, at preaent
loat amoni iii, wa may hope Ibt (\|U Hill*faetioi; in radi
Inaulrlea, but hardly nefbre.
« (*ee no proper wicked Intention In Uieeedaofhteia
of l,a(,when in acaae wblrh appeared Iq tliaro of una-
♦oMaMe iier eaWly, llrey procured Ilif maelve* lobe with '.
child by their father. Without auch an unavoldaMe ne>
ceaally.lnceel let horrid crime; hut whether. In -auch •
caae of nacaaaliv. aa ll iey apprehehdfd thiaiohe. acrerd-
.\ bro
and
aho
point of the aea of Bodoa, |n the wild and daanaroua
inen* of Arabia, oiakea k aieaedtng dlfflcnh Ibc In-
4at*itlTe travelleraloeiamlne the pl*ee ; and for eom-
apa report* of couatry people, at a dlklance, they are
twt Very aatiabctory. In the bmb* time, I have no
•VlalMi af Le CitrclidlawrtaHan «r lifpoiiMila aboat
Inf to Joaeplma, It waaany auch rrhna,! am not *atf*fle4.
In the mcanilma, they maklpf ilieir (litlier drank, and-
tl eir aoHclKtuaeonrealmeni of what they did from hia
ahow* thai they deapalred of peraiiadlnf bin ton* aA>
lion, which, at the heal, rould not but ba v*r7 n rpiiawiMf
•odjlMfldigtaiOioada mf a
*i
4' ■;■
»'!#■
My. N« ah* wviil frum
i|uia4ll«« Whal wiraM
hail ftiHiiiltli'ii kartu
rllar of Mil;] far I
Ihit •l*|r Norn ha
(■•ruin iiiiall ulara,
•ml mUI«<I hi II ll
fur thai la Uia wont
iniaUvMaf Thar*
ratila lifa, on naaumil
anil hia waal of |iro-
inkin( thai all m«a
ti had III Ihair falbaf J
Im f*rcai«a«l. Thia
(hi /mil ulUrljr bil
uii of lh¥ rlit#r fvaa
I Diip lUrUriiyriml kia
ylmman, whiih nam*
fl ktmimmn- The A»f-
h»r iif lh« Muabilaa,
)*ll<in; Iha lallar WM
ti; anil iMiih at Ibani
a. Ami (uch waa (Im
ng Iha HiNluiniiai.
Ul
\d eimr.imiitf limmit
i timctmittg IK4 Arm-
iltrity.
i««il lo/iararoTPalaa-
ilh him, uniltr Ihc no-
lika diuiiiiMlalioii IhM
lit out «f faar; for b»
ic liing of Ihat t'liOB-
II in liivti with Karab,
t hrr; liut h« waa ra-
• lull hj a ilfn^*rD«t
rroiiidotl. ITownhati
f ruring him. ha fell
MntruiiiK hiui nol lo
anil Miicn h<i raco-
hat (>u(l hail infliclad
ray o( |iuiiiihnicnl for
III In onler lu prcMrrs
>t Ihat ih* (liJ nol ae-
bul aa hia Icipliinala
>iniud lu b« Kncioua
, if Ihii paraoD b« one*
. When ha hail laid
friandi, h« arnt tot
I ba conramiil about
ilion of h«r rhaalilr,
im, and Iha't it »*■ by
aivad hia wife again,
■buw. And ha ip-
rife'a conacience; and
iflclinalion at Ural to
•h« waa bia wife; biit
er about at thy tiater,
lie alto entreatad
m; and la malfa Ubd
e determined by eye-wit-
rea, to called, lay aakla
wnra and qaarrela, and
iiral over the Eaai, aril
all ancient monuinenia,
'lent rero'da, a( nreaent
r (toll aatlafactioi; In aaeJi
Bntlon in Hieaedaof hian
ppenred Iq tliero of una-
ed iliAmaelvea lolw with '.
; aurb an unavoldahto na-
; hnl whether. In aueh a
liehdrd thiato he. ar r.or<-
..«♦.
1 ■■
rrhna.l nmnotaatfafled.
; ilieir Oilher drunk, ui4-
What they did r»om him
leraiiadtnf Uai loaa aA>
01 but ba rrrj tuifrnMim
paaitlaaa M ki«, aail Ikal If h« Iboagkl ll l<»
••■IIbim wllb kiiH, ba aboMM hava wbal b«
waalail la abaailaaca t bal Ibat if ba iiaa<|Bad la
Io awajr.ba abiiuM ba bitnoratily rinMlurtail. aail
at* »k«lau«r«r aupiily >>» wanlxl »b>n h«
aama Ibilkar llpna aia aayinf thia. Abnkain
luM bim thai hia praUaia of'^kimlrail lo bia wifa
waa n<i li«, baraaaa ab* waa bia br<>lh>r'a daagb-
lari aad Ihal ha iImI anl Iblak himaalf aaf* la ala
Iia«*la aliruail wilbaral Ibia aorl of iliMiiiiHlalloni
aad Ibal ba waa ant Iha rauaa of bia illalampar.
bal waa only •ulkiloMa fur hi« owa aafalyi ba
•awl alaii, Ibal ha waa ready lu alay with htm.
Whareap^n AhiiiMlarh aaaignail bim land aati
monayi and tbay roranaalad to ll«a logalbaf
wilboal ftttt, anil look an oath at a rarlaln
wall, rallad Hitfthtka. wbli b may ba lalarprat-
ad, rU i0»U of tAa aa<b, and to ll la aabMd by
Ika paopla of Iha rjHinlry unto Ihia day.
t. Now ill a litlla lima Abraham had a Ma by
Sarah, aa liod had furatobi to bim. wbom ha
aameil Itaac, which ainliaa Uughltr. And ia-
dead tbay au rallad bim baraaaa Harak Imufktd
whan <>ud* aaid aha ahould baar a Min, aha aol
aiparliii)^ lurh a Ihiag, aa b*in|| fiaal Iha aga of
. cblldbaarMf. fur aba waa ninatv yaara uld, ami
Abraham a tiuadradi ao that Ibla aon waa Iwim
to Ibam both In Iha |aal y«iar <>f each of Ihoaa
daclmal aumbara. And thar rirrumriaad him
upon Iba alKhlh day; and Irum lhat lima tha
Jawa ennliniia Iba cnalom of circumciainc Ihair
aona wilbia Ibat number of data. Hul aa hir the
Arabiaaa. they circumriaa anar Ilia thirlaealh
year, hacauaa lamael, Iba fouadar of Ihrir na-
tioB, aibo waa bom lu Abraham of the iioncu-
bina, waa circumciaad at Ihal »fti; roncarninit
wban I will pretenlly gira a particular accoiint
with treat esactaaaa.
i. Aa fur Sarah, ana at tnl lotad liroael, who
iraa bora of bar oatn bandraaiil llafar, with aik
alhctioa nol Inferior (o that of hrr own aun, for
ha waa liruoght up in onler lo auccead in Iha
CtarnmrnI; but whrn aba hararif bad lioana
lac, aha waa nol willina that lamaal ahould ba
brought up with him, aa being loo okl fur him,
aad able to do him li^uriaa. wh»n their father
ahould badaad; aba Iharafora parauadad Abra-
ham to aand bim amf hia molhar to aome dialant
coanlnr. Now, at Ihe Aral, ba did not agree to
what Sarah wu ao utaloua for, and thnugbl il
an iaalaaca of Ihe areateat barbarity lo arnd
away a you^ childf and a woniau, unprotidi'd
of nacaaaariaa; bul at length ha agrrrd to il,
baeauia God waa nleaaed with what Sarah had
datcrmiaadi ao ba aelivrrad ianiarl to hia iiiotbar,
aa Bol yet abia to go by hlniaelf; and comniand«i(i
her lo take a bollle of water and a loaf of bread,
and ao lo depart, and lo take neccaaity for hi
guide. Bal aa aoon aa her ncceaaary protiiiona
iailed, aha found heracif In an etil caae; and
when the water waa alinoal apent, aha laid the
Jonng ehild, who waa ready to eiptre, under a
r-lraa, and wantoa farther, that ao ha mighl die
while aha WM abaanl. Rut a diaitU «tg«7 came
10 her.and told bar of a fountain hard by, an<| bid
bar lak« cara, and bring up. Ihe cbild> bacauae
* II ia well woflbaliaarntio«,lbal Jaaaabaahararalla
that principal anial Wboappeafad laAhrahaal, aad Ibni-
toMlha Mnh9f Iaa<e,dlrar41y "— l r"'-fl|piii ni if
JoarphiBi^ ber* ntaiMrea ua la katlata iMMMher ai
preaalona of hia, HMJieaataaak wife aua,V* *•<«>■
/Wfw ealUta a aMa, Aliliq. b. nrM. chap. III. aarl. 3, and
af Ood Iffe ITerdja hIa bomlly raaearning Hadee«ay ha
bath fenulAe. Nor ia the other eiprMMoa vtiMiwngtl,
aacdnreanntly.andbafbraalaovol'anyatbaraiinMleatlM.
t Joaiphaa bare ralta lannal a feaaf «IUd erf "/aal;
Iba* he waa ahota IhlrtMn yMi^of an : aa Judaa ealh
bhaaelfand hiahtalhran fea y ai«ii.wbaalhar waia 47.
aiMh«naaiwo«MMrenJ>iiUq,b.ll.ehap.*t.aaet,8.aiid
^"f;, they wereofmaiebtbeaanMafaaaadamaalofUyear*
,4 aW called a IMfa tkiti, Mark *. a»-49, flra aa*aral
, ti» aa. Herodaleolaaaldhy JoaephuatoMaaerf ieaay
■au at SI. Bm ibaaauoa AaU«. b. liv. tbar U. M«tJ(
fl
aba aluMild b* tery happy by iba preaanalma al
lemaal. Nha Ibea t>M>t rouraga, uptia Iha praa
pa<-l of what waa pnimiaad bar, ami luaaliog with
eoma ah*«iiia>da, liy ihair cara aha giH e^aar of
Iba dulraM>a ah* had li*aa la.
4. Whan Iha lail waa growa «p, ha married a
wife, by birth an Kgyiitian. triHu wbenra Iba
molbar waa beraair Jaeifed originally Of tbie
wife were iNirn lo lamael Iwait* aoat. Nalwiolh.
Kmlar, A>mI««I, Mkhaaw. Iduniaa, MaawMoa Ma
aaiM. ('bndad. Thainan, Jatiir, Napheaua, Kail
maa. Tbaaa Inhakllad all Iha < iianlry froai Ew-
ubralee to Iha Had Naa, ami lallail ii AaWeite.
Tbey are an Arabian naliun, ami nailia Ikair
tribaa from theae, iMilh hacauaa of ihair owa tlr-
laa ami barauaa of Iha dignity pf Abraham Ihair
father
(.'IIAf. Xlil.
OM«nt<iif/«aa«,(A«i>(M«Mf<Aani/^tnl^iN.
tl. Now Abraham greatly lotad laaar, aa
ag bM ailjto higoUtn,\ and Kiten In hiiu ai Iha
Imrdare of old age, by ihe faior of t^ld. Th*
rhikl alau aadearrd kimaalf lo bia paronta iflll
mora by Iha aiarrlaa of etary tirtua, and ad-
herlag to bia duly to hia parenia, and l>aiiig laal-
Oua Inltia wiirahip of (Iwr Abrahaai alao idacad
hia own happinaaa in Ihia pma|ia<t, Ihal whan he
ahoulil die, ha aho>dd laa«e thia hia ann in a aafa
ami aaiure nmditioni which a<'i'unliii||ly he ob-
lainail by Iha will of Hod; who beiag iirairoueto
make alt eipariinani of Abraham'a rrligioua^Ui-
poaitlon towarda himaalf, apdaarad lo nim, aad
enumaralrd all Iha blaaainga ha had baalowad on
him I how ha had made hlin auparfor to hia ana-
iniat, and that hia aon laaar, who Waa Iha prin-
cipal part of hia preaani happinaaa, waa deriaad
from him I and he aaid that ha rroulrcd thia aon
of hia aa a aarriAra and holy oblation. Accord-
ingly ha roiuniandad him lo carry hlni to Ihe
mountain Moriah, and to build an altar, and offer
him for a burnl-olTrring upon it; for that thia
would beat nianiftal bia raligioua diapoatliou
towania hlin, ifJMprafarrad what waa plaaaing
to (iod baf<>re'fllS>prtaanration of hia own aon.
t. Now Aliraham thought thai il wiu not right
lo diaobay <!od in any thing, but that he waa
obliged to aarta him in eterir circumatance of
life, aince all eriralurca that lite rnjov their life
by hia pK>tidence and Iha kindnaaa he bratowa
on thrni. Accordingly he concealed Ihia com'
inand of (Iod, and hia own inlenliona about the
alaughter of hia aon. from hia wife, aa alao frotfi
every one of hia aarvanta; otherwiae ha ahoitld
have bean hindered from hia obedience to Qod-r
and he took laaac, together with two of hia aar-
vanta, and laying what Ihinga were necraaary for
a aacriHr^ upon an aaa, M went away to the
mountain. Now Ihe two acrt^^ went along
With him Iw6 daya; but dn Iha thWday.Maooa
aa he aaw Iha mountain, he left Ihoaa Mrvaala
that were with him till then, in the plain, and
hating hia aon alone with him ha came to iL .
mountain. It waa that mountain upon whiCa.
King Dntid afterwarda buill the temple. { Noit
they had brought with |hem every Ining n^CM-
and or lhaWar,b.|.cbap.z. And ArbtobuhiahalyM
a aarf HttlttkM at IH yearaofaie, Antiq. b. (*. ehep ii.
aect. 6, 7. Pomillan ki alao called by hia a aery yeav
*kiH, whan ha weal on hie Germaa atpedillon, at aboat
Ityaara ofafp, orihe War, b. viUehap. It. aact 8. Baai-
Mnla wllb and lulb, when they wara arUowa, araaalM
*«Mrm,Anliq. h.r.ch. till, aact •.aadah.ii.iMt, IS.
t Nola. lhat hoth here, and Hab. il. |7, laaae lacalW
Abrahamla ealy t(f a»M aen, lhou|h ba attba aaaa
*' *"'' ■" >l. Tba0apmB(lntaip
i'
;\
llnebadaaotheraan. lamaaK ,.___ _,
Iba irua aManlnr, hy rendering the tad l*a tabaad aeu.
% Htra fan plain error In iha mpiea, which aay.tbai
Kint Oayfl afterwarda bulH Ihalrnple on Ihia aMuat
Moriah, while tlwaaeertainlynaolber then Kint Bala
monwho hullt that temple, aa indeed Proroplnarttaa
H (Mm Jnaephn*. Pol it waa for rertala Duyld, aad
•Of Balkwia, wha built lb* /r«( altar lhan,M «•
._.:.>v/.:- - ■ --0, ' - -
!■ -1
..>■
98
ANTIQUITIES OF THB JEWS.
^
»: -i
''\
M17 for » lucriflrc, rxcepting the animnl ttist
WM to Ih) offcreii piily. Mow laitoc wa« iwin-
ty-fita yCan uld. Aiiii a> he.wu buiklini; the
ultiir, he mkrd hl« falhir, " What he wh* iihoul
10 ortinr, tiiiC); thcl-v WHS no- aniiiml theru Tor iiii
oblation?" To tvliifch it wai annwerwl " Tjiiil
Oud would provido irn))iii If nn oblation, lie being
abla to niakr a'pltiitHiil pwvitloii Ibr iiien oii,|
of what thfv have not, and to ileprive otherii of
what they already have, when tiny put too much
truat tbemn; tliHt, therefore, if t<od pliHsecl to
be preieht and propitioui at ihia sarrilicc, he
would provide hiamelf an oblation."
3. At loon a» the nltar wb» prepared, and
Abraham had laid on the, woo^, and all things
ivert entirely ready, he •li'ia'io his ion, "O »on,
I poured out a va»l number of prayera that I
nii|;ht have thi.e for my aon; when thou wast
come into the world, th«r« wa> nothing that
Could contribute to thy ihpporl, for which I wa«
not greatly wiliciliius, «'>t iioy, tiling whenin I
thought niyielf Imp] lit r tlian;4*»ee thee grown
uptuiuan'a eitalr, ui',<I that llllighl leav^ thee
■t my death the iiii(c<»iior,'to my dominion; but
aince it wni by (iod'swill that I became thy
father, and it ia now his will that I relinquiili
tliee, bear this conaecrutiuVi tu God %vith a gen-
croui ittind; for I resign tbee up to Ciod, who
thought fit now to require thil testimony of.
'honor to himself on account of the favors he
faatb confurred on nie, in being to nie a superior
iiD«l defender. Accordingly thou, my son. wilt
now die, not in any ooiniii<Jn«rny of going out of
|ii«.*Drld-, but sent to GodUhe lather ofall men
b«{bn|iand,.by thy own fa^licr, in the nature of a
•acriflc^. i tupposc be'tliiiiki thee worthy to
get clear of th(« wofid, neither by a dii«ase,
neither by war, hor by any other severe way, by
wbUh death usually comet upon men, but so
that he will receive thy soul with pra\ers and
holy offices of religion, and will place thee near
to biniself, and ttiou wilt there De .to measuc-
<!<>rer,» support in my old age; on which ac-
count I principally brought tnee up, end thou
wilt' thereby procure lue God for my comforter
instead of thyself."
4. Now lljuk&c was of such a generous disposi-
tion ajS became the soft of such a father, and was-
pleased with this discourse; and said, "That he
was not worthy to be bom at first, if he should
reject the determination of GckI and of his father,
andahould not resign himself up readily to both
lone
would not be wanting in all sort of conc«rii abMi
hiin, and in bustowinr other rhiWren upon him;
and that his son shuiitd live to,a very great arej
that he shonlil live a happy ViU; and bequeath a
large principality to faia children, who should he
goOtl ,and Ugitiinatc," He for«:tuld aUo, that his
family should increase intQ many iialions; and
that those* patiiarchs should leave behind them
an everlasting name; that they should obtain the
potsf'saion ot the landitf Canaan, and bit envic^
by 'all men. When God had said thii, he pro-
duced to ihem It ram, which did not appear be-
fore, for the sacrifice. So Abraham and Isaac,
receiving each othet unexpectedly, and having
obtained the promises of sucli great blessings
iiiibraced ohe another; and when they had tacri
ficed, they retnriiud to Sarah, and lived happily
to^^thcr,God eftbrdiiig them hi» assistance in all
things they desired. -
CHAP. XIV.
Concerning Sarah, Mraham't W'fe, <md how
§ht tHittd, btr day*.
{1. Now Sarah died a little while after,
having livi-H oile huiidreif' niiil t\ttiity-s«ven
y«arsi They buried lii:r in Hebron; the Caiiaan-
their pleaaores; since it would nave been unj
if he had -not obeyed, even if Us father alt
had so resolved." So he went immediately to
the attar to be sacrificed. And the deed t^d
beien done if God had not opposed it; forhecW-
ed loadlTJ^braham by his naide, and forbade
him to SMT Vson, and said, " It was not out of
^desire of human blood that he was commanded
to alav his son, nor was he willine that he alioukl
be taken away froiii him whom he bad made his
ft^er, biH to try the temper of hia mind, whether
be would be obedient to such a cooiinand, Since,
therefore, he was now satisfied as to that his
slacrity, aAd the surprising readiness he showed
in this bis piety, he was uelighted inhikving bb-
•tjtwed such blenings upon, him ; and that l^e
kuB, SfhH. «iv. 10. ^e^ 1 Chron. xxl. 3S.
Antlq. b. vll. ebap. Xiii. sect. 4.
* It aaena, bolb here and in God** ^ralM bleist9|; Ut
JaeoV, rb. ita. aeet. .1, that Joaephtta '
of the bidden meaning of that moil In;
•mlneat piOBite, "In tby sefdahall a
tbecuthbabtaitied, Heaaltlinat of feeds, aatfmany,
iat uafone;aBdtotbraeed,wMcb<iCliriii.>'6al.UiL
Vt. N<irittt.anrwoa'er,helieiU,lllilnk,a*)rei,Dot
» ckiittian< And had ba taenia cfiiMlan, yet dnce he
ftrl ofbiilflliino more
ileaslHtia
ibadyetnonstioii
Impoitantaaii most
■ all UiefamUieaof
waa,iobesnre,tUltl)e latter
tWw an EbfcmiteOl irk tlaBi
sriMii
waoi
ab air e alUl w apo s tlWi
■«J«riedai»ldeapiied8t.rau>,itwonidbenogreatwah.
dcrifbadMnot follow his interpretalian. In the mean
tlin*, wtbava, la •flbei, SL ranl'k exporiiion In tka
ites puhUcly allowing thrm a burying-placc;
which piece of ground Abraham bought for four
biiiidriHl (tlii'kris, of Kphron, on inlinbitant of
Hebron. Anil both Alifnhaiu uiiij his dtjacenil-
ants built theiiitelvcs sepulchres in that place.
CHAI'. XV.
HowlhtJ^aliontflkt Tro^lodyht were dtrittd
' • ' from Mraham by Ktlurak. ,
} 1. AEKAIM^^t, after this, married Keturah,
by whom six sous were born to hiiii, men 01
courage and of sagacious minds: Zambran, and
jaiar, and Mudan, and Madian, and Josabak. and
.SbtiS. Kow the sons of 8ous were, Sabatban,
and Dadan. I'he nons of Dadnn were, Latusim.
and Assur, and Liioni. The sons of Median
were, Kphas, and Ophren, and Anoch, a»id £bk
das, and ICIdas. Now for all these sons and grand-
sons Abraham contrived to settle them in colo-
nies ; aiifl they took possession of Troglodytes,
and the. country of Arabia ,<A« Happy, as far is
it reaches to the Red Sea. It is related of this
Ophren, that he made war against Libya, and
took it, and that his grandchildi%n, when they
inhabited it, called it from hi< name .4^Wca, And
indeed Alexander Holyhistor gives his attestation
to Wliiit I here say, who speaks thus: "Cleode-
mus the prophet, who was also called Malclmt,
who wrote a bistorj? of th« Jews, in agreement
with the history of Moses, their legislator, relates,
that there were many sous born to Abraham by
Kelurah: nay, he names three of them, Apher,
and Siirim. and Japhran. That from Suriu was
the land of Assyria denominated; and that from
the other two. Apher and Japhran, the eounlry
of Africa toiok its nsuie, because these men
were MKiliarjes to Hercules, wlich he fought
against i.ibya and Antaius; and that Hercules
marrred Aunra's daughter, and of her he begat
a soii^ Didorns: and that Sophun w>* vix ion
Teatament of Reuben, nefl. C, In Aw*™*. R«J- P«1 '• P-
-MS, wbochar;es lita son»i,'?To worship tbeSeed of Jn-
dah, whoshould die rorlRfll' In.visiMe and iiiTMMa
wars; and t.noHid i<eanioni; tl'enj an eternal IfM." Nor
ia that aliaerratlon of f learned foMigncr of mf arqualn-
tancctotiedcsphed.wl-.otakeaiiBtlre tl-at aa a!(«d»m
the plural must signify potleriif, so teed in the aini^-
lar may slenify eitner »»»«eri»|f of aainsle perso;; ard
that lu this promise of all natlonstielnirhanpy In tbaaMd
of Abraham, oir Isaac, or Jacob, ae.,ii itatww* used
in the sinn|<>r--~To which I shall add, that it ia tmne-
t i m sa, a i Tt ware , paraphra se d \<r the Mitof AbHham,
the saaoffiaTid, fccwblehki eapaUaof noaudl
foUy.
A^%;.
lort orconc«rii abMl
r rhiWr«n upon him;
to^B very gniatiirai
liK', iintl bcqueaOi >
Mien, who tliuuUI he
ron^tulil rUu, that hin
I many nations; and
Id leave behind them
ley iliould obtain the
iniian, and be envied
ad auid thii, he pro-
I did not appear be-
Abrabam and laaac,
teotedly, and having
lueh great bleuing*
when they had tacri
ih, and lived happily
n hi» asaiitaace in all
IV.
am'* }l^'fe, mnd how
r liayi.
a little while after.
if' nnd t\tenty-»even
Hebron; the Canaan-
rm a burying-pUce;
aliam boueht Tor four
uii, on inlinbitant of
um uiiij hit dt«cenU-
ihres ill that place.
tv.
glodytt$ were derived
y Keluri$h.
in, married Keturah,
orn to hiiii, men ol
ninds: Zaiiibran, and
lian, and Joaabak, and
ions were, Sabathan,
)u<lan were, Latusim,
riic (uni of Madlan
and Anoch, ))}id Ebk
theiie Bona aiid grand-
aettle them in coio-
moa of Troglodvtei,
k fhe happy, ai (ar to
It ia related of this
r a^inst Libya, and
dchildi%n, when they
^i< name ^Wca, And
ir giVea hif atteatation
leaks thu»: "Cieode-
alto called Malclwt,
« J^WD, in agreement
heir legislator, relates,
s born to Abraham by
hree of them, Apher,
That from Suriu waa
inated; and that from
1 Japhran, the country
, because theae men
lies, wlieh he fou)rht
i; nnd that Hercule*
, and of her he begat
Sophun w<u \n ton
in A*itt<ent. Rcc. part I. p.
worahiti tbeSeed ofJa-
fn.TMMeand liiTaiMa
man eternal Abig." Nor
rouSlgncr of my arqnahi-
1 iiotire tl-at a« fed» t»
iV j( w iir«{ in the ain)^-
'If or a single peno^; ard
lalieini happy in tite (Md
lb, iir., 11 is o/iMv* nse4
iliall add, that it ia aome-
I hy the iijuof Ahraham,
ABRAHAM'S SERVANT MEETING REBECCA AT THE WELL.
capaUeof noauck uikl-
-4
ij»i
\
I
'
^»A • !
■"if'-
;>/.
I,
BOOK t-<;HAP. XVI. XVII. XVIII.
31
~^::i
from whom that barlMrout people called Suptuh
ciaiw were iltiiiuniinatcd."
CHAP xvi;
How /Mac look Rtbtka 16 ly^ft.
} I. A'liir when Abraliniii, ttiq rutlu r of IsiMic, hud
reiolvcd to take Rrbckii, w|iu «ii« graiid-duugliter
Co bis brother JVInhur, for h iv'ifu to hit aon lunac,
who \vn» tlim iilmiit fjrt^ k ,ir* old^lif »nil the nn-
rit'iitckt of hitavrvaiitxtoWtl'oth hi^r, uflirhohad
oblli^rd hini to give him the slioiigefit a|i«urancca
if hi« tidelily. Whieh iiHi-urBiii:*!! were given
Hi'tcr the nmnncr following: They piit each
oth«r'iilmndii under each other'« thif^hs, then they
called upon Uod ha tlie witne9| ot what wni to
he done. He also gult luch prenenta to tlioae
thnt were tliin , as/were in esteem, on account
that they either rarely or never were seen in that
country. This servant got tliither not under u eoh-
.^idcruble time; for it requir.'S fnuch time to puts
through A1eso|)<itaniin, in which it is tedioui tra-.
vcllio);, both in winter for the dejith of the tiny,
and in summer for want of water; and bcsicli.ii
this, fi>r the robberies there committed, which
are not to be avoided by liiivrllers but by rnnlion
1}eforeh»n(l. However', the servant cuuic to Hn-
ran. And when he wuii in llie suburbs he tnet li
considerable number of maidens goiiij; to tliu
water; he therefore prayed to God, that Rebekii
might be fonud amoiij; tiicni, or her whom Abrii-
hani sent him as hit servant to espouse to his
!ion, in case hit ivill were that this mari-ia<;e
should be consummated ; and that she nii<rht be
made known to him by this sign, Ihnt'while others,
denied liiui wiiter to drink, she ndghtgivd it liini.
2. AVith this intention he went tu the well,aii(i
detircd the ntaident to give him some water to
drink, but while the others refused, on jiretencc
that they wanted it all at home, niid could spare
none for liim, one only of the company rebuked
them for their peevish bihavior towai-dt the
stranger; and said, What is there that vou will
ever rommunit;ate to any body, nho'have not to
niuch us given the nmii tome water7 She then
offered him water in an obliging niu'nuer. And
now he began to hope thnt his grand afl'air would
succeed ; but desiring still to know the' truth, he
commemted her for her generosity and good
nature, that she did not temple br aflbrd a tuf-
ficieocy of water to those that. Wanted it, though
it coit her tome pains to draw it; and Btkc;d who
were her jiarentt, and ivjshcd them joy of tuch
a daughter; and maycst thou be espoused, taid
he, to their tatitfaction, into, the family of an
agreeable husband, and bring hibi legitimate
children. Nor did the disdain to tatitfy his in-
quiries.but told him her family. They, says the,
call luc Ribek^; my father was Bcthuel, but he
it dcsid; and Laban it my brother, and, toother
with my mother, t^ket care of all our family af-
ikirt, and it the ruardiaii of my virginitv. When
tlie servant heanl thit, be was verv glaa at what
had happened , and at what was told him, aa per-
ceiving that God had thut plainly directed hit
journey; and producing hit bracclett and lome
other ornamen6f which it Wat esteemed decent
for virgint to we«r, lie ^e them to the damtel,
by way of acknowledgment, and as a reward for
her kindness in fairing him water to drink ; lay-
ing, it wat but jutt that the ihould have them,
because she was to much more obliging than any
of the rctt. She desired also that he woHhlcome
and lodge with them, since the approat:n\if tlie
night gave him not time to proceed farther. And'
ptoducine hit precious ornaments for women,
pe taidiUe desired to trust them to-aone more
safely thin to turli us .«h<- had ihowcd herself to
be; rind that he bi lievrd he nii(;ht. guest at. the
humriiiity of her mother nnd brother, thi^t they
woidd not be diipl. lisf (I, from the virtue he found
in her, for he wouhl not be burdrntome, but
would nay the hire for hi« entertainment, and
spend hit own nioniy. 'I'o \yhich she leplied,
that he guessed right at to the hunianitv of her
parents; but cumplainid, thnt he ihoufd think
them to iHirainiiiniottt as to tuke money; for that
he tliould han' nil on free cost. But she taid,
she iv(m|d liisi jnfiinii her brother I,«bnn, and, if
he giive her Uavc.thi! would irombict him in.
3. At soon lh« n its thit Worover, she introduced
the ttriiiiger: un<l for the camels, thr servants of
Lulmn brought theni ini nnd took care of them,
and he was himself brought in lu supper by I,a.
ban. And after t"PP''i-, lie sayt to liini, and to .
the mother of the damst'l, addressing hiiiisflf to
her, " Abrp.hani it the aon of Ternh, nnd a kins- .
mail of yours, for Nahor.the j^rundAither of these
children, wat the brnther ol Abr^qm, by both
father and mother; upon which acnount he hath
rent iiie to you, being deainiu> tii take lliit damiel
for hit ton to wi/e. lie ishin legiiiniHteion; and
is brought up as hit only heir, lie could indeed
havr had the rpott hiippy of all thf women in
tliut country for him, but he vrould not have hit
ton marry niiy of them; but out oT regard to bis
own relationi he desired him to match here, whole
'Htlection and inclination I would not hav« you
detpiie; for it was by the good pleasure of God,
that other accidents fell out in luy journey, and
that thereby I lighted uimn your daughter, nnd
your house;. for when I was near to the city I taw
a i^eat many maidens coming to a well, and I
ptayed that I might meet with this damsel, which
hds come to pass accordingly. l)u you therefore
confirm (hat marriage, whose'espousals have been
already made by a divine appearance; and show
the respect you have for Abraham, who hath sent
me with »o much lolicitnde, in giving your con-
tent to the marriage of thit duniael." Upon this
they understood it to be the will of God, and
greatly approved of the . offer, and sent their
daughter, at was desired. Accordingly Isaac
married her, the inheritance beiiig now cdme to
him; for th^i children by Keturah were gone (o
their own remote habitations.
' „ CHAR XVII.
Concerning tht Death of Abrahmm.
{ t. A UTTLE while after this Abraham died.
He was a man of incomparable virtue, and hon-
ored by God .in a manner agreeable to his piety
towarrft him. The whole time of his life wai
one hundred seventy and five veart;'and he wa*
buried in Hebron, with his wife 8^h, by their
sons Iiaac nnd Iimael.
— * The HWh n f Jnrnh and B ta u Is htn ta W to h t tf ttr
Mrakam''t death; it should have been ^fur Sank'*
imtk.
l^fUr
The order of the narration in Oene^ not
CHAP. XVIII.
Conecrnttif Iht Son« of Itaae, E$au emd Jacob.
Of Ihtir JVativiiy and Education.
{1. Now Iiaac's wife proved with child, after
the death of Abraham;* and when her belly WM
greatly burdened, Isaac wat very anxious, nqd
inquired of God, who antwcred. That Rebeka
ahouid boar twini: and that two nations should
take the names of those tout; and that he trho
appeared the iccond ihould excel the elder.—
Accordingly she, in a little time", a* God had
foretold, bare twins; the elder of whom, fivmi hi*
head to his feet, was very rouch and hairy; b«t
the youiigertook hold of his neel as they wei*
in the birth. Now the father loved the elder,
who Wat called E$au, a name agreeable t> bi*
al wnye e xattl y anc erd lu B to th e er det ef tl i_
to have led losepbus into il, u Or. Beraud
bete.
Dt
/,
M
38
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
toughMU, tot tha H«brew« rail foch u hairy
nughui* (Etan. or) S«lr ;• bat .lacob, Ihe jqutif
•r, WM bait beloTf d bjr hii luothtr.
S. When thwa wm a famina in. Ihe Una, Iiaac
^aaoUed to gfoTuto Egypt, the land there beinr
good; but ha want to Gerar, ai God conimandcd
him. Here AbimeJech th« kine receir^d hiiu,
■ because Abraham had fornicrly lived ^wilh hira,
and had been bin friend. And ai in Ihe begin-
" ning he treated him exceediitg kindly, lo he
wai hindered from continuing in the innie diipo-
■ilion to the end by hia envy ^t him-, for when
he aaw that God waa with IiaBC, and took auch
great care of him, he drove liiiii away from him.
But haac, when he law how enay had cbunijfd
the leniper of Abimckch, retired to a place called
Tl^$ f^alley, not far from Gerar; and atjie waa
digging a well (be •brpherdi fell upon iiim, and
began tg fight, in order to hinder the work, apd
becauaeiie did not deaire to Contend, the ihep-
herda aeemed to get, the better of him, so he still
< retired, and dag amther well ; and whtii certain
• other thephercTi of Abiniclech's began to offer
. him violence, he left that also, knd still retired,
thus purcha^in{g lecurity to biinielf by a ratiohal
and prudent conduct/ At length the king gave
him lea<ietodig a well witbout disturbance. He
nam^l this well RehobolK, which depotes a large
tvact; but of the former wells, one waa called
" £«eon, Which dcnotcsXrt/i,. the other SiltTma,
"which nam^L signifies enmt/y. '
S.H»was now that Jsaac'a affairs increased,
' and'hif power waa in a flourishing Condition;
and this rroni'his great ricfees. Bill Abimelech
thipkifig Isaac throve in opposition to hini, while
^Mr living together made them suspicious of
efeh other, and isaacV retiring showing a secret
enmity also, he was afraid that his former friend-
aUp with Isaac did not secure Jiini, if Isaac
should endeavor to revenge the injuries he had
formerly offered him; he therefore renewed his
friendsh^ with him, and brought wiih him Phi-
li>c, one of hia generab. And when he had ob-
Inned evenr thing he desired, by reason of
taaae'a rood nature, who nreferred Ihe ^earlier
friendship AbSmelecb^ad showed to himself and
fait father to his later wrath against hiin, he
returned home. .■ _
4. I(ow when Esan, one of the sons of, Isaac,
whom the father principally loved, was now come
to the %ge of fbrty years, he married Adah, the
danghter of Helon, and: ^holibainah, the daugh-
. terofEiebeon; Which Helonand Escbeon were
great lords among the Cknaanites, thereby taking
upon himself the authorily, and prttendme to
have dominion over hia own marriages, without
mt much .aa kskinig the advice of his father; for
had Isaac been the arbifratol^, he bad not given
him leave to marrf thus, for he was not pleased
with contracting an^ all(ance with the people 61
dtat country; but not caring to be uneasy to hia
• For Balr In {oaephua, the coherence requirea that
we rnd £«aa or Seir, which aignify the same thtnit.
t Thi*nip)ierorMe«r|ta«a<,a8WC«all U,Oen.;ixvli.
4, to be caught by hunting, was Intended plainly for a
Rathral oranerinee, and u|ion the prayera that were
fieqnent at aaeria<A», Isaac expected, as was then uaual
inaocheminentcaaea,lhata4ivinclmpu)s« would come
<i opon him, in order to the solemn Measing of hia son
than pieahit, and hia foretelling liisniture behavior and
. Ibttnna Whence It muat be, that when laaac had un-
wHUnglv bleased Jacob, and waa afterward made ienst-
bleorhiBinMake,ntdhl)ie notattempttoalterit.how
•ameatlv aocver huaiikction for Eaatt might Incline him
towlahttmlght be altered, htaauae h« knew that this
Haaaing came not from himaelf but from (lod, and that
■B attaratian waa out df Ma power. A second atnatua
then caiqe npon bim, and enabled him to foretell Eaau'a
UMarabehfttor and fortuM also. - _^
t Whether Jacob or hia mother Il«beka Were moat
. H|p..M« In till. lir.jn.ltliMi tipiwi Immmr. In hl^old aae. 1
^nol
•ilaaB
Janotdetarmlna. ftoweTer,tbeMesrincbeagdellver-
aaBpiedk!tionoffotareeventa,by a diahie Impulae,
ibratMliaetbfaiptobelkil lotbepoalarHy of Jacob
son, by commaiBdiog hitt to put awiy ,lh«M
wives, na resblved to be silent.
5. But when he waa old, and could not sea at
all, he called Esau to him,-aiid'iold him, that b«-
ijdes blindness, and iht disorder of hit eyes, bla '
very old age hindered him from hit Wkrthip of
God [by sacrifice i] he bid him therefore lo go
out a hunting, and when he had caught at much
venison aa hu could, to prepare him a supper,!
that after this he might iiiukj, supplication to
God, lo be ' to bim a supjiortrr and an'aaaister
during tha whole time of^hit life; saying, that
it was uncertain when lie ihould die.-and that ha
wai desirous, by prayers for hini, to.tirocara
beforchhiid God lo be merciful tu nijn.^
6. Accordingly ('sau went out a huptiag, Bat
Rebckaf thinking it jiroper to have tUe aupplica>.
tioii made for obtaining tbe ftivor of/'liod to Ja-
cob, and that without tlie cbnsent of Isaac, bid
him kill kids of the goals, and prepare a supper.
So Jucoli obeyed his mother, accortiing to all her
j^nKlructioiis.- Now when the supper was got
ready, he took a goat's skin, and put it about lita
arm, that bv reason of lii* hairy. I'oujflinelk be
might, by, hia father, be believed to be Xsau; for.
thejf hrfiig twins, and In ull things else alikai '
diHired only in this thing. This w»s done out
of bit fear, that before bis father had made ilia
supplications, he should be caught io hi* evil
practice, and lest he slioiild, on the contrary, pro-
voke his father to curse hiui. ao he broil^ht io
the supper to his fat)|,er. Isaac perceiving by .
tlie peculiarity of hit voiice whone waa, called
his ton to him, who gave him hit tiand, which
was covered with the gout's skin. When Isaac
felt that, he Said. "Thy voice it like the voic«
of'Jacob, yet because bf the thif knelt of thy
hair, thou teenictt to be Esau." ^ tutpectin' '
'no deceit, he ate the supper, and bciobk njuiseli
lo his prayers and intcrccasioiis with God; aiid °'
said, "O Lord of all ages, and Creator of all lubr
stance; for it was thou that didst propose to my
father great plenty of good things, and hatt
voucbaaled to bestow oq me what I have; and
hast promised to my poiterity to be their kind
supporter, and to beitoW oil theui atill greater
bleiiiin^; do thou therefore cdnfirm these thy
proniites, and do not overlook ipe becaute of my
present weak condition, on account of which I
most eurnetlly pray lo thee. Be gracioui to
thijyny son; and preserve him and Vtep him
from every thing'tbal is e'vil. Give him a nappy
life, and the pottetsion of at many {good thinfja
at thy power it able to bestow. Make him terri-
ble to his enemies, and honorable and beloved
~among his friends." • "
V.'Thui did Iiaac pray to GVi^, thinking hia
prayers .had been made for Esau. He Jiadbut
lUst finithed them, when Eiaii Came In ,from
hunting. And when Isaac perqeived hit 'mit
take, he wat tiletit; but Esau required that ha^
and Eaan, In folurcagea, was for certain providential,
and according to what Itelieka knew lobe the purpoae
of Rod, when he answered her Jnqulry, "before the
rhildren were born," Gen. xxv. S3,"tliat one peaplo
ahould he stronger tban tbe other -people; ami that the
elder. Esau,dbou\i serve llie younger, Jaeti." Who
tlier IsHao knew or rempinwred this old oracle, de-
livered in our ro|iic«only to Rencka; or wli«hrr,ifh«
knew and remembered it, he did not endeavor lo n^lar
lite Divine delermlnalicah, out of his fondneta for Itli
elder'and woraeion Etau, to the (UAlage 6T hia yonnger -
ami better aoh Jacob; aiJotephua eltewhere wpnoaea,
Anih|. In il. chap. vli. aeet. 3, 1 cannot eert«lnl)r aay:
If aorthii might tempt Rebeka to contrive, and Jacob
to put thia impotitton upoii him. However, Joaepha
aayt here, t'hat It waa laaac, dmd not Rebeka, who
inquired of Sod at firat, and rerehred tha foramaa- ^
tjoned orade,teet. Jvwhieh,ir it be the true reading,
rendera laaac'a procedure more Inexeuiable Nor
waa it probably «»y .thing else tliat to much eneoiir-
-H,
lit probably all'
ICain formerly
agadmn formerly to many two (;anaapnian wirka,
wlibqot hia parepta* coaaent. aa laaae^ iUiban>r <W- .
aeaaibiUB.
J-
'.^;: 7
■iv; .
' M
"%.,
put mmtj ,th«M
I.
vi could not ■«• tt
Jlold him, tbat ba-
iler of hiteyei, lilt
Tiin hit «Mirthip of
liin thertifoira to go
ill caught M much
tare hiin > luppcrif
iik$.iuppticalioa to
rtrr «nd an aMJiter
!• life; layinr) that
lid die/aad that ha
or him, to.°)>rocara
ful tolii|n.
out a hu;)tiag. Bat
> have tU« lupplica-.
iivor of/*iod to Ja-
niieiit or Uaac, bid
il prepare a luppaf.
accoruing to aH her
h« aupper wai got
and puLit al}f>utM«
hair^ rou((linJlk ba
red to be Xaau; for
1 thing! cite alike, '
This wai dune out
fhther had made hi*
caught io hit erll
in the contrary, pro-
. /So he brought io
[aaac perceiving by .
I who he waa, ealjed
m hi* Hand, which
likin. When Iiaac
Ice I* like the voic»
le thifknes* of thy
»u." So *u*pectln«j
and bciook hiuiieli
ioiM with God; aiid '
d Creator of all *ub<-
didst propoae to my
d thingi, and hait
e what I have ; and
ity to be their kind
I them atill greater
i confirm these thy
k ipe because of my -
account of which I
!e. Be gracioui to
hiffl and keep him
Give him a nappy
I many good thm||[*
w. ftfake him tem-
lorable and beloved
a Ooj, thinkibg hi*
' Eitau. He had but
Eaaii Came In ,from
perqeired hi* 'mi*
au required that h*^.
ir certain providential,
[oewfolw the purpoae
r jnquiry, "before the
'. 33, "that one peaplo.
if -|)eople; ami that the
mnfcr, Jacti." Whe
red thl* old orarle, de-
licka; or wlMMber,ifh« .
I not endeaTor to after
if Ills fondneia for bli
damage oT hi* yoanirer -
ua elsewhere (uppoae*,
[ cannot certainly say.
to contrive, and Jacob
1. Howf ver, Joaephna
and not Robeka, who
rerehred the foremaa-
it be the true reading,
ore Ineieuaable Nor
that *o mnrh eaeoiir-
wo l/'auaaniilan wiTfe*r~
baaet imlwn>rlHid- ,
BOOK L^-CHAP. XIX.
30
t>
-n
■ighf ba nad* partaker of tha like blauiag
tnm hi* father that hi* brother had partook of;
bat his father refused it,' because alt his prayer*
the iniiitnkc Hiiwever, bis father beifl#grieve4
at his weeping, siiid, That " he shoula eicel in
hunting, and ftrengtb of body : in anus, and all
tach son* of workj and should obtain glory for
ever on those accounta, beaikl his posterity after
him; but still should terre his brother."
8. Mow the mother dejivered Jacob, when he
wa« afraid tliat his brother would inflict some
punishment upon him, because 6T the misliOie
^ about the prayers of Isaac; for she persuaded
her husband to ti|ke~a wife for Jacob oiit of Me-
eopotaiui^ of her own kindred. Ksau hiving mar-
ried already Ilasnniiiuth, the daughter of Isiuael,
ifilhout his father's consent, fur Isaac did not
like the Canoanitea, so that he diaapproved of
Eaau'* formermarriages, wbich made him take.
Basemmath to wife, in order to pleaae him; and
_ indeed he had a great afl'ectien.for her.
CHAP. XIX.
Coiie<fn{flg^,/aeo&'« Flight into Mesopotamia^ by
■ , Redmn ^ tht Ftar k* UM in i)f hi$ BrotM,
{ 1 . Now Jacob; wai *eot by his niother to Me-
sopotamia in order to mitrry heiHiruther La-
ban's daughter, (which marriage was permitted
by Isaac pn account of hi* obaequiousnes* to tlie
de*irea of his wife;) and he accordingly jour-
- neyed through the land of Canaan ; anil because
he hated the people of that country he would
not lodge with any uf them, but took up his lodg-
ing in the open air, and laid his heui on a heap
■> orstone* that be had guthered together. At
which time he *aw An hi* *leep such a vision
standing bHiim; helieemed to sec a ladder that
reached fratn the eanb unto heaven, and persons
descending down the (adder, that seemed more
excellent tlian^umai;; and at last God himself
stood abpvejpj
who,'Callin|^Hi
words 1 ^^■
S. <* Jacob, it la not lit for thee, wh* art the
■on of a good father, and grandson of one who
had obtained a great reputation for his emi-
nent virtue, to be dejected at thjr present circum-
itances, but to hope for better time*, for thou
*hal^have great abundance of all good thing*, by
my auistance: for I brought Abroliam hither out
of Mesopotamia, when he was driven away by
hi* kinsmen; and-l made thy father a happy man;
nor will I bestow a less degree of happftics* oh
thyself. jBe of good courage, therefore, aqd un-
der my conduct profceed on this thy journey, for
the marriage thou goeat ao zealaualy about il«all
b» coniumwated. And thou ahalt have chitdran
of good character*, but their multitude eball be
iimufiierable; and they ahall leave what they
-liavetoa atill morenumerou* posterity«4o whom,
and to who*« po*terity, I xiV« the dominion of all
L -'?"" "'*" P°»'«"<iy 'Wl fill the entire
' earth and *ea, to far a* tie *un behold* them ;
hut do not thou fearany da|Jger, nor |be afraid of
the many labor* tl!8lriuu*t undergo, forby uy
providence I will direct th'ee what thou art todo
in the time preaent, ^n^ Mil much more in the
tune to come,"
3. Such were the prediction* which God made
•"lif k I. Wn'reopon"^ became very joyful at
what he had seen aqd heard, an4, he poured oil
on the atone*, becauae on' them the prediction of
«dch great benefit* wB»jiade. He al*o vtewed *
vow that he would offef jacrifice* upon them.if
he lived and returned Mfe; and if Hewme ag^in
in anch a condition, ill? would givt the' tithe of
what he had gotten, to God, lie al*o tadged
4, So he proceeded on bi* joamey to Me*opo-
tamia,and at length came toi Reran ; and nieetinf
with •hephenli in the (uburbi, with boy* grown
had been apcnt upon Jacob: ao Esau laniented up, and iiiaidcna Hitting about a certain wtli^^ ha
.1.. ..:„...i,. u ._. — I.:. f..i... u.:-.,. _.: 1 T^^^^ j,^, ,|„,,„ ,„ H,a„ting water to drink; and
beginning to discuiirae wi^i them, he asked thcia
whether they knew such a one as Laban) and
whether he was still ulivol Now they all said
they knew him, for he was not So inconaiderabla
a person as to Iik uiiknuwn to any of them; and
that hi* daughter fid her father's flock together
with them; and that indeed they Wondered that,
she was not ytt come; for by her nie»os thou
mighteat Irarn more exactly whatever thou deal-
reat to know about that family. While they w»ra '
aayingthia the duiiistl came, and the other, ahcp-
herds that Came down along with her. Then
they ahowed herJiicub, nnd told her that he waa
a stranger, who came to inquire about htT fallier't
atfairs. Hut ihe, as pleased, after the custom of
children, with Jacob's CQniing,asked him who he
wasT and wheucu ho cnme to them? and what
it wu he lacked thut he came thither? Sbo also
wished it might be in their power to supply tha-
wants he came about.
^' 6. fiut Jacob was quite overcome, not ao much'-
by their kindred, nor by that atfiction which might
arise thence, as by hislove to the dnmsi I, andlii*
au^rrse Ht her beauty, which Wus so flourishinr
aa few Of the women uf that npe. could vie with.
He aaid then, " There ia a relwtion between thee
and me, elder than either tlty or my birth, if thou
be the daughter of Luban-; for Abraham waa tha
aon 6f Terah, aa Well as Uaran and Nahor. Of
the last of whom, Nahor, Bctliiicl thy grandfa-
ther was the son, ilsaac my.father was the son
of -Abraham luid of Sarnh,'who ivn* the daughter
of Haran. But there is a nrax.o'' and later ee-
ment of mutual kindred whi^i we bear to one
another, for my mother Rebelca:;was sister to La>
ban thy father, both by the aaiiie father and mo- ■
ther; 1 therefore and thou are couain german*.'
And I am now come td aalute you, and to renew
that affinity which il proper between u.«." Upon
this the damsel, at this iiientioii of Kebeka, as
usually happens to young pr man*, wtpt, nnd that
oatof the kindness she hull for hi-r father, ai|d em-
braced Jacob, she having learned ah account of
Rebeka from her father, and knew that her pa-
rents loved to hear her nanicd;' and when she
had saluted him, she sai<i, that " He broilght tha
most desirable and greatest pleusurc to ber faw ;
ther,witlrall their family, who waa always men-
tioning his mother, and alwaya thinking of her,
and her alode; and that thi* will make thue equal '
in hia eyea to any advantageous circumatancei
whatsoever." Then ahe bid Ihini-go to herfather,
and follow her while *he conducted him to him,
and not to deprive him of auch a pleaaure by *tay-
wa* plainly .viaible to him,
hi* Qame,Upake to him theae
of Bethel, which, m the Gi^. i. i^t...,^^
Mr any longer away fi^,m him.
_6. When *he had said thus, she brooght him to
Laban;! and being owned by hia uncle, he waa
aecure hiih*elf a* being among hi* friend*; and
he biteught a great deol of pleaaure to them by
hia unexpected comiflg. But a little while after. .
ward Lalian told him, that he could not expren
in worils thegoy he had at hia coining; but atill
he inquired^ of him the occaeipn of lus coming,
nnd why be left hi* aged father and mother wh^
they wanted to be taken care of by him: and
that he would afford him all the aaaiatance ha
wnnted. Tbep Jacob gave him anaccouiit of tha
whole occaaton of his journey, and teld him,
" That I*aac had two Ron* that were twin*, him-
*eir and E*an; who, becauae he foiled of hi*
father'* prayer*, which by bl* mother'* wi*dom
T'l' put up for him, (oazht to kill him, as d^pri-
Ttd of the'kingdom* which wai to ^ girao bin
of Betbel. wb ch. U tha GiaJfc b btamiSS JL"'i*<*l*P??«'«>»«'«*Wnt*imttatwa»lA
Th* houMofOod Z»ir^ » tniarpreted, glyenHtauofGod,"*! the flmborn.ltappeaia that *■».
. f "**•. **'% • Ptathott|ht,thala"khMdUl«»»dl^llNSa3;-
J-
•^'i^.::
40
• ANTIQUmiJd OF THE JEWS.
. )i
flf Qoii, mid At Ihe blcuingt for which their f«-
thcT prayed: and ihRt (hi< wuthe occHiion of
hi« coming hither, u hit iiiothrr hjid auiiKi^iandtid
him i<) <lo'; for we bH> hII («)■« lti;]U)rrtlirvn 6nc
Ilk another: but our mother «^<le.i!jnii an ■lliaiice
' with your lauiily more than ihii <lo*i one with the
jiiniiliet of the Country; lo I IduIi upon yourielf
•nil Uoil lo be the luplMirtcrf of iiiy iravelf, and
think niytcif tafe in ftiy preirnt circuni<tance»."
T. I^'ow Lnban proinitcd lo treat him with
l^raat hilcnanlly, both on account of hi* artcei-'
Ion, and particulArly for the »nl(« of hit mother,
towarJK whom, he laid, he would ihow hit kind"
neM, cv/^u though the were ahieut, by tukirif^
rare of bini; for he nsiiured hiqi he would mtikc
him the hcai) (hepherd of hit (luck, and eoveliini
authority aulficient for that purpoie; ancT when he
•hould have a mind to rc^lurn to hia parent*, he
would wad him back with preacnli, and thin in
at honorable n manner a* the n«arnt'm of their
relation should require. ''This Jacob licunj glad-
ly i'^and^iiid he would willingly, and with ^lea-
*ure, u^ei:(i;Q any lurt of uaiui while he tarried
with him, but dcaired Racnel lo wife, a* the re-
ward of thoiie paina, who wa* not only on other
account* eatermed by him, but alio becauae alie
wa* the lUeanit of hi> comint^ to him ; for be aaid
lie wtu forced by the lovi ol the d«mael to make
Ihi* propoanl. Laban wna well plea>«d with thit
agreeioeitii and consented lo five tlic damsel to
hini, na not desiiroua to meet wrth nny better son-
ih-law; and said he would do Ibis if be would
stay with him some time, for he Wh* not willing
lo send hi* ilaughterto be anions the Canaanilet,
for he repented of the alliance lie bad made al-
ready by marrying hTs s'uter there: And when
Jacob had given hi* consent lo this, he aereed to
stay seven years; for so man^* years he liad re-
solved lo'sisrve hit father-in-law, thai having
fivcn a spiecimen of his virtue, it mfght be better
no^n what sort of a nii>i>^e was. And Jacob,
accepting of his ternist aHiBJ»<the tinie was over,
be made the wedding feast; and whelk it Wat
night, without Jacob's perceiving it, he put his'
otner daugbler into bed to hiiii, who was bjotU
elder than Rochet, And of no comely countC'
nance. Jacob fay with her that night, as b«ing
both in drink and in the dark. However, when
it' was day, be knew what had been done to him;
and h'e reproached Labaiv for his unfair p_rocee}l-
Jiiig with him ;-.who asked pai^lou for tbn't-neeet'
lily which forced him lo do what he did ; for be
did not give him Lea out of any ill design, but at
orercoiac by another greater necessity, that nol-
withtlaiidin^ this, nothing ahould hinder him
from marrying Rachel; but that when be had
senred another seven years, be wovld give him
her whoni hi ^loved. Jacob tubmittecT to thit
condition, for bis love to the damsel did not perf
niit him to do* otherwise; and when another se-
veil yean were gone, he look Rachel to wife-
8. Now each of these had handmaids, by their
father's Jonaiioii Zilnha wot hantlmaid to Lea,
and Bilba to Rathel, Dy no means slaveti* but
huwcVer tilbject lo their mistresses. Now Leal
was sorely troubled at her husband's Jove to her
tistcr, and tbe expected sbt; should be better ei-
Wat due tajibn whom Iioac'thould Ucit aahia flrtttiorn,
' wbieb I lake to he thai kingian which wai expected «s-
dtr tki JTMsiot, who therefore Wat to be born'tlf hit
nosterity vfhom Imaf should aplileis. Jacoli therelbrei
f>)r obtainint Ihit blestinir of the flmlmm, hecamer the
genaine heir of that kintdoiil, in opposlthm to Etau.
* Hore we have thedifFsrCnce between tlavct for life
and aervaitttifach aii we now hire for'a ihne axreed up-
on on both slden, and disniist again after the time fon-
tracud for it Over, which nre xa tlmu, bat frtt men ond,
fmwomen. AecordlA|!ly,when'tbe Apartollcil Con-
(tkntioin forMd a eles^man to marry perpMuml ttr-
Ti«ii>tnr»tois«,h.vl.flb; xvli itismeiinl only nf tlie "
teemed iftshe bar«ihim ehildren. Ho she en-
treated God pcrpelnslly; {ind tvhen the had
borne a ton, feud her huitbund wo* on thai acCouiri
better reronrll^O to^hrr, shv named hir son Reu-
bel, because (iod had mercy upon her in irivill^
her a ion, for thiil Is th<i sigiillication oi thit
name. After some time- she -tiari' tliree more
tons; Siiiiepn, which name rixnifirs lliatUod ha4
A<arir«n«(/ to her prn.y»"r. Then she bare Levi,
the coit/frmcr of their trienilshlp. After bini was
born Jwlah, which denotes lhank$Kiiiini^. But
Rachel, fpRriii^ \r»l the fruitfulnets of her sister
should make herai'lt' eiijiiv a lesfcr aliarc :if Ja-
cob's Direction', iiut to b'eil tct.hiiii her handniaki
lJilha,by whom jHcob hacFUan. One may intur-
prel that name into the Greek tongue, a i<tv<>l(
judgment. Apd uficr him Nrpthalim, as it fitirt
umomfverabU in tiratagem, aince Racheltried to
comijiMT the fruitfiilnosa of her sister by this f(r«-
lagtm. Acrnrclingly Lea took the snme method,
and under a counter-stratagem to that of her sis-
ter's; for she put to bed to him her own hand-
maid. Jacob thcrt^forc had by Zilpha a ton,
whose naine was Gad, which may be interpreted'
jfbrlutiei and uflcr him Ashrr, which may b«
lulled n happjf man, brcaiito ho added glory lo
Len. Nilw Hcubrl, the eldest son of L<'n, brought
anpleSof niandrakesf to his hiothcr. yVhcn Kn-
cnel saw them, she dtsircd that she would give
her the apples, for''ihe longed to eat them; but
when she refused, and bid tier be content that
she had deprived her of the ^ benevolence the
ought'to have had from her husband; Rachel, in -
order to initigaio he; sister's anger, said, she
would yield Iter husband to her; and be should
lie with her that evening. She accepted of the
favor, and Jacob Slept -Vvit^ Lea by the (hvor
of Rachel. She bare then these wiis, Issachnr*
denoting on)) born by Aire, MindZabnlon, one
bom as a pItJf' of benevolence towards her;
and a daugntcr Dina. After some time Rachel .
had a son, named Joseph, which signified there
should be another ia(/(/e(I>lo hiui,.
9. Now Jacob fed theflocks of (.aban hit' f|{-
iber-in-law all this time, being twenty ^eart^
after which he desired leave of his father-in-law
to take hit wives ai)d go home; but wheit his
father-in-law would not give htm leave, he. con-
trived todo it secretly. He made trial therefore .
of the disposition of bis wives what they thought
of this jouhiry. When they appeared glad and
approved of it, Rachel tpok along with her the
iniiigcs of the gods, which, nccordpg to (heir_
laws, they used to worship in their own counli^ /
and ran away together with her sister. The''
children also of them both, and the hahdmaidt,
and wh«t pptteisions they had, went along^witfi
them. Jacob' also drove away half the cattle,
without letting Laban know of it beforehand.
But the reason w«7Rachel took the images of
the godt, although Vacob bad laoght her tode-
'spise such worship 6f those gods, wai this, that
iu cate they were purtuetl«.>nH lakeii by bet
father, she might havt- recourse to these image*
in order to obtain hi*,pardon.
)0. But Laban, after a^e day!t time, being ac-
quainted with J^oVt and hit daughtert' dejtart-
n«met, and the timet of their tevcral birtbt in the infei-
valt here astlitned ;lhe|f te^ral cxrelleut charactete' .
their several faulta'and repentaheaii the several acd-
denti of their Hvet, with their several propbecle* at'
therrd«atfit,iee llie lettament* of these twelve patri
archo, ttUI pratenred atlarn in the Aut)ilcnt. Rec. part I
. t I formelrly explained theie«i«Mlr«i»,8iwe with
tile Bentuaiint and Joiepliut render the Hebrew word
^tfuistiOfMif G^rrian jifnii with Lndolplias,AuUient.
Kef, part i. p. 430; But have since teen tur.h avery .
rprobable account in M8. of qiy lenmed friend, Mr. Sam
uel Ba r k erV . of wh a t we tt l llh t ll mnn d rtket , a nd'their
-m-
X lorta, at we learn dtewhere from the tame Cohttl-
tutiopt, ell. xlvii. can. lixxii. But conrerhing then
tweltc torn of Jacob; the reaioni of their tfveral
deteri^llon by ibe ancient aalurallalt and phjrtietaM, at
incHnetmeto think Ihete herejDeiiliORed ww* fMlly
mandiakci, and no other. '
'..;/
Iiln!n. So iiha en-
lind nhrn ih« liwl
wa* OH (III)! ncCouiri
named htr ton Keu-
upon hrr in Ki^iOf
■i|;iiiAr«tion oi thii
le 4>nrt' lllfo moiw
icniriM lliut iint\ hail
I'hrn iihf bari; Levi,
liip. After him won
lhifnk$^tlinf^. But
rnlnriiii oT her fitter
a leswr nharc ;>f Ja-
ct.hiiii her handniakl
un. One may inlur-
cr.k toni^ue, a divityi
[rpthalini, »• it ^err
(ince Rachel tried to
•r titter by thio ilrm-
ik the mine nit'thod,
?ni to (hit o( her tiv
hini her own haqd-
it by Zilphn a ton,
may be inl<trprft«d'
iHcr, which may b«
a ho added gtory to
t ton of Lt'iij brouitht
niotiicr. Ayhcn Rn-
iliat the would f^iye
vd to eat them; but
her be content that
he ,"l)encvoleni:e the
husbnnd; Rachel, in -
:tH anger, taid, she
her; and he thoutd
She accepted of the
) Lett by Ih* fcvor
tbf «e mm, Ittachor*
!,■ Un() Zabnion, one
Dl<inc« towards her;
r tome time Rachel .
rhich lignified thei^
hiui.
dkt of l^ttbap hie i^-
bpfine twenty jfeartj
I of Lit father'in-law
^ome; but when hit
e him leave, he, coD"
made trial therefore .
et what they thought
ly appeared glad and
along with her the
, according to the|r_
n their own countn.]
tb h«r titter. Thi'
, and the halidmaidi
lad, went along: with
way half the cattle,
w of it beforehand
I took the imaget of
ad taught her to de-
\ gods, wai thit, that
I, anH taken by hei
irse to theie iniageiP
P-
day'a time, being ac-
lit daughter!' depart-
Hiral birtbi la tbe inlet-
al cxrellent characten
ahe«t the several accl
teyeral propheclea at
t of tlinte twelve patrt
the Aut)ilent. Rec. part i
manirakei>,at we with
tniir the Hebrew word
itii Lndolplmt, Auibent
(ince Ken aurh a very
enroed friend, Mr. Sam
II mnndrakK, and'thelr
BOOK I-CHAP; XX.
'^M. «rai much troubled, atad panued alter them,
leading a band of man with him; and on the
i«ventTi day overtook them, and found them ratt-
iql^otf a cerlaia bill; ami then, indeed, he did.
not meddle with him, fof it wat eventide; but
, Qod itund by him in a dream, and warned him
. lo're^'ive hit lon-in-law aiitffliit daiiKliteN in a
peaceable wanner; and not to veQliitKupoa any
thing rathly^ ui> in wrath to them, bat 10 make
a ltagu<^ with Jacob. And Be told him, that if ha
(leapiicd their iinari number, and attacked them
io a h(/itil« manlier, he, Aould himtelf aititt
them. When Laban had been thui forewarned
by Uod, he called Jacob to him the nest d^y, in
on/er to treat with him, and tbovved him what
dream he had; in dependence whereon he came
fioniklenlly to him, anil Iwgan to accute him, al-
leging that he had entertained him when he wat
poor, and in<4vantof all lhiun,and-hail riven him
. plenty of all thingt which he had; "For," taid
he, " I have joined my dikiightert to thee in mar-
riage, and tuppoied that thy kinilnett to uie
would be greater than before; but thou bait had
no regard either of thy own mothcr'i relation to
me, norlotbe aAinity new newly contracted be-
tweeh ut; nor to thote wivei whom thou bait
marrieil ; nor to thote chiMrei^ of whoili I am
the grandfather. Thou hatt treated me at an
etaemy, by driving away my cattle; and by per-
toadiiig Illy daughtert to run away from their
lather; and by carrying home thote tacred pa-
. lernal. imagci which "were worthipped by my
forefathen, and have been honored with the
like worship which they paid them, by mytelf.
la ihort.thou hatt done thit whilst thou wert
my kintman^ and my liiter't ton, and the hut-
band of my (daughtert, and wert hotpitably treated
br me, and didtt jeat at mv table." W hen Laban
hod laid thit, Jacob made hit defence: "That
be. wat not the only penon in whom God had
implanted the love of hit native couqtry, but
that he had made it natural to all men; and that
, therefore it wat but reatonable that, after to
long a time, he thoutd go back to it. E|at at to
the prey, of whote driving away thoU accuteit
me. if any other perion were the arbitrator,
thou wouldit be foiind in the wrong; U>r intteait
of those thankt I ought to have had from thee,
for both keeping thy cattle, and iiicreaaing them,
how II It that thou art uniuttly angry at me be-
cause I have taken, and have with iiie, a small
portion of them? But then, at to thy daughters,
take notice, that it is, not through. any evlTprac-
41
.5
■f
tices of mine that they follow jiie in my return
home, but, from that just aflectfen which wives
naturally have^to their hiitbandt. Their, follow,
therefore, not so properly myself as their own
children. ' And thus farofhisapology watiltade,
10 order to clear himtelf of having acted uniutt-
ly. To which he added his own complaint and
Bccptation of Laban; saying, "While I (vas thy
sister s son, and thou hadst given me thy daugh-
ters in qiarriage thou hut worn me out with Siy.
hartb commands, and detained me twenty vean
under^them. That indeed which was' reqbired
in order to my marrying thy daughtert, hard as
It was, I own to have been tolerable; but as to
those that were put upon me after those marri-
ages,! they were worse, and such indeed as an
enemy Would haveavoided." For certainly U-
.i!". ^''a'"*'' Jacob Very iHj for when he saw
uiat Ood Was attistinff to Jacob in all that he
rSfu •i.''* P«"P"«^ h"n. thafcof the young cattle
.which should be. born, he khould have -some-
times whatwas of a white color, and somHtmei
what should be of a bUck color; bat l,erf
tbqw that came t« Jacob's share proved nuni^-'
eipected; but when it appaarad to lMb(!t.t«
deceived hjni. .
II. But then, as to the sacred images, ha bid
him ••arch for them; and when Laban accepted
oMhe offer, .Rachel being informed of it, put
those (mages into (hat camel's saddle on which
she rode, and tat upon it; and taid, that her na- .
lural purgation hindered her riting up; ta Laban
left off searching any larther, not luppoiing that
hit daughter in luch circumttancei would ap-
SralB W those imagei. So he made a league wilk
. ■^S^dd bound it by 9atbt, that he trould Xo
beanfimauy malice on account of what had ban
pened; tnd.'^ — ' ■--■--«:._. .' i*
. . . , Jacob niade the like league, and ftty
tinned to love Laban's daughters. And tbesa
leagues they copfirmed wi(h oaths alto, whie^
they made U|)on certain mountaini, whereon
lh«y erected a pillar in the form of an altar:
whence that hill it calletl Qiliad; and from
thence they call that land Ms land ofUU$md at
thii day. Ko* when they had featted after tba
making of the league, Laban returned home.
:■ \ ■-, .■ ;. CHAPJ'XX."..
' CoiutmintUkt Muting of JactAani Emu.
}l.\Now'' n Jacob wat proceeding on hfl
journey to the land of Canaan, angrit appeared
to him, and luggesUd to him goo<l hope of hia
future conditioo: and that pidce be named Tkt
Camp of God. Anil being desirous of knowing
what his hrother'e intentioiii were to him, he sent
niesslngert to give him ^n exact account of everr
thing, at being afraid, on accolint of the enmities
between them. He charged, thote that wera
sent to say to Esau, that "Jacob had thought it
wrong to live tosether with him while he was
in anger a^init liim,^d so had gone out of ths
country; and that he now, thinking the length
of time of his absence must have made up their
differences, \wu returning;, that he brought with
him his wiv^s and bis childtvn, with what poaet-
sions he had gotten; and ddiveivd himielT. with
nhat was inilMt^ear to him; into his bands; and
should think it nfs greatest happiness to partake,
together With bis brother,; of what God bad
bestowed on, him." So th4|te messengers told
him this mettitfe. ' Upohi which Etau was vary
glad, and met fiit brother with fourhmdred men.
And Jacob, when he heard that he was coming
to meet him M(h such a numbenof men, was
K»«»Hy afraid; ^owever,he committed' Ms hope
of deliverance (o God; and considered bow, in
his present cirt:umttancet, he n>ieht preserve
himself and those that were with him, and over-
come his enemierflf they attacked him injuriously.
He therefore distyiUuted his company into parta;
some he sent hUari the rest, and the other* be
ordered to coMe fclose behind, that so if the fint
were overp6Wei=ed, when hia brother attacked
them, they 'might .\have those th«t followed as a
refuge to fly ubtoV And when he bad put his
compaiiy into this order, he sent some of ibeO'
to carry presents to his brother. The presents
were made up of cattle, and a gicat nqmhtr of
fouir-footed beatta, of many kinds, such as would
be very acceptable to tho(e tbat<rcceived them,
on account of their rarity. Those who war*
tent weM at certain intervals of space asnnder,
that by -jbliowing tbicl^one afterinother. Iher
'"'M^ 'PPf ■>' *o he more nuraeroui. thkt Esau
<might remit- of his anger on account oT tbesa
presentsi if be were still in a nassion. Instruc*
tions wire tiij^giiea to thoseWiat were sent to
speak gently to Mm. •,
, 2. When Jacolf had made these appointments
alt the day, and night came on. be moved on with
his company; and at they wei« gona Over a
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
mk* <0 kim la word*, asliortlnc him |o ba
blMMd with what had hippanml tu nim, knd not
to fuppoM thai bia victory wiu-a iiuatl ona, bui
thai aa had orcrcoma a iiwin* »ng*l, aad lo
Mlaara tha victor; a< a tigii of gtm bIcMinp
UMt (huuld coiua lubini; and that hii aSmting
abould navar fail ; and (hat no man thuulil n*, *<>*>
bard for liia power. He alto coniiuaHilad him to
4m callad /«ra«t,* which in tha Habraw toa(ua
■iroila* ona that ttrvggM uUK "m <«•<*<« aaff'.
Taaaa iiri^uiiiei wara, i)iada at tha prajr^r of
Jacob; Tor whaaha parcaivad him tu l><i ihuancal
of Uod. ha driirad ha would liKiiify to him What
ihould brfall hliu hareaflar. And when the angrl
bad iaid what ia bafura ralatad, ha di>up|i«arad{
but Jacob wai pleaaad, with thaic thinK«i: and
nanird the placD PhmMtl, which lif^nifici. : Tk*
Jkc* ef ttoU. Now whvn he felt pain by; tbia
itragKling, upon hii broad tinew, he abitainad
from eatiiiK that linew Jiiniielf aftrrwardj; and
for hit iake it ia ilill not catcri by u«.
3. Whan Jacob undaratood that bia bti^thar
waa hear, he ordrrud hit wivat 16 go before, each
by benvK, with t}ie handmaida, Ihril tbev iiiight
■ee the acliuni of the mrn, ai they Were fghtlng,
ir Ktao were to! ditpoiad. Ha then went tip to
kb brotharE^aa, and bowed down tn him, who
ohad no evil da«gn upon him, but talutcd hiai;
aatt atked him about Ine company of tlia chil(lrcn
aad <tf the women; and deiiiisii, when he had
niiderttoud All he wanted to know about them,
that h« would go along with hrin toThrir father;
b«t Jacob pretending Uiat the cattle were weary,
Etaii rcturned'toiieir, for' there, wai hit place
of bjtbitation, he bavi<ig named the place toUgh-
Wfttom hu ona hairy rougl*ntu. ■ ,°
fil <i
i
CHAP. XXI.
CMMcniinr Ml fidUtim o/DinmU ChMtitf.
1 1. HbkKVPOn Jacob came to the place, tilt
tkia day called Ttnii, [Succotb] from whenct he
want to i<hA:hem, which it n city of the Canaan-
ilat. Now %t th^Sbechemitet were keeping a
Cntival, Dinai who vtat the. only daughter of Ja-
cob, went into the city to tee the nnerv of the
wonea of that- country. But when Snccbeni,
thaf 100 of HaiDoi' the king, taw her, he defiled
bar by violence; and being greatly in love with
her, he deiired of hi* father that he would pM-
oarc the damiel to him for a wife. To whitsn de-
lire he cpodetcended, and came to Jacob, deiir-
ing him to give Itave that bit ion Shechem might,
according to law, marry Dinii. But Jacob, not
knowinc now to deny the detire of one of tuch
.great ilignltf. and not yet thinking it lawful to
oiarry hii daughter to a itranger, i-ntreated him
lo give him leave to l\)>ve a consultation abpUt
what be deiired him to.do. So the kin^ went
. away. In hopei that Jacob would j|;rant him thit
* ParhaiMtbia may be tlie prOper meaning ofthe wttd
l$rtlhf the preaent and the old Jeninlran analogy pt
tb»llebrewtonKue. In the meantime, it lieerlain thM
the Ballknlataor the Ortt century iaEgyiit and elte-
where hitarpreted lt-r» tl, to be a aua t**ing 0*i, a*
it evident fram the fragment forecited,
t or Ibia ilauiibter of the Bhechemitei by Simeon and
Levi, IM Autbent. Ree. part i. p. 3M>, 418,433-^39.'
But why Joaephui baa omitted the rircumcition of
tbeie Bheebeaiitea, ita tlie occaaion of their dtafh; and
of Jacob'^giaat Krl«f,ai in tbe Teatameat of Levi, aect.
SiirannMiell.
tSinre BaiioiU ibnlAea the «•* af aif larraiv, and
BeqJaBuntlie aaa uaaya ■ or one born In the fat her** aM
V(bUcB.alfar.90bIiaapael Joaephm^ proNBt copic*
marriage. Rut Jacob Inbrmad hia>*oa*of Iba
daAleiDcnt of thalr tittor, and of the addraaa of
Hanior; and detired tharo to give their advica
what they ihoulii do. Upon Ihit, the Ereatait
part taid niilhing, not knowing what adviee to
Sive. But Simeon and Levi, tha bretlirnii of tha
amtal. by the tame mother, agreed baiwaaa
thcmialvat upon tbe action following; it bnlog .,
now the time of a festival, when tlie Shechem- .1
itea were aniploycd in caix and flatting, they
fell upon tha watch, when they were aileep. and
coming Into the city, tiew all the niaietif .a> alto
tha king and bit uiii with Ihem; but t^ared tha '
woman. And when they bad done thia without- i
their fatber'i conitnt, they brought away their :
titter. ,
S. Now whila Jacob waa aatonlihcd at . tha
f[reatneta of thia act, and Wat icvwrvly blaming
lit torn for it, Uod atopd by him, nnd bid him
be of good courage; but lo purify hit tenia, and
to oll'er Ihote lacriiiccs which he had vowvd to
offer when ha wooffirst into Mejiopotniiiin.und laW ^_J
hit viiion. A* he wnt therefore purifyinfi^ bia
foliowert, he lighted u|K)ii the godt of Labnu, (for
he did not before know they wer.) ttolen by~R*f
chel,) and.he hid them in tlie earth under an oak
in Shechem, And departing tlience, he otfeiped.
lacrilice at Bctlicl, the pinca where hv anw hit
dreann when ba went firat into MeKupotaiiiia.
3. And when he waa gone thenqe.anil win coma •
over agaiutt Ephrata, he there buried Rachel,
who died in childbed. She va« the only one of
Jacob'* kindred that had not the honor of burial
at Hebron. And when hejtad mourned for her
a great while, he called the ton that wat bom o( '
her nenjaMin,\ bccauie of the »orro»« th* mother
had n 'til him. These are all the children of Ja*
cob, twelve malet, nnd one female. Of them
eirht were legitimate, via. tlx of Leu, and two
oT Rachel, and four were of the handmaids, two
of each { all whoae name* have been set dowa
already. " "•
aHAP^xxii. _^
Hoa Itaae dita and tout fttirttdin HthHh.
}1. From tkcncc Jacob cnmc to Hebron, a city ■
tituate among the Canaauites; nnd tliere it vvm
th-it Iinar lived; and to thejr lived together for a •
little wblleV for as to Rcbtka, Jacob d;d nutfino
her alive, ttaac alto died not lone qfter tha
coming of hit aon, and waa buried byhisioni,
with hit wife, in Hebron, where 'they liad a mo'
nnment belonging to theinf^om their forefather*.
^ow Itaac waa a man »vho ivat beIpv<d«of God
and' wai Touchtafed great inatancet of provj- .
dence by Omi. after AbmVgm^is fWherKapd-
lived to be exceeding old; for when he had lived
virluoutir one hundred and eighty-five year*, he
theDdicof.' ^
to be heie imperfiKf ; and anppoae; that In corretnpn-
dence to other copies, be wrote, that .Rachel called her
son's name SMoiu, but bia father caUM him 0«iiiaai<a,
Gen. uzv. 18. Aa far nei\|amin, as rominorily explain-
ed, th» saa rf (*« rigtit kmii, it makes nc aAiae at all.
and seem* lo ba a iroaa modern error only. Tbe Buma-
ritan always wrile^tbls pamA tmly AsiO'aaiiai, whirb
probably la here of the aame ali:nlflcatron, only Hith
the Chaldce tarmlnatioii la. Instead of tai, ip llie He-
brtw, a* wa pronounce CheruMn or CberuMm Indlffo-
renlly. Accordingly both Ihe Tettameiit pf Benjamin
aect. S, p. 401, and Pk\la it aaaiiBaai ilM(a<tra«. p.
10S9, write tbe name Bmjumn, but etplain it not the
tkt t«a i/Ma ngln *a«d,1)ut tbe «*a q^dayt.
fr'
\i
,.._
rmMl hlt>*oM of lb*
ad of I ha iddrMi of
to >(vc Ihfir lidriM .
in thit, (ha grmtait
wine what adviea to
'), tha brcthraii of Iha
har, afmad batwaan
n f<illowinK; it h*ia%
, whfii Ilia Shaclxm- ..
IK and fnniling, they
ihry wrra ailarp. and
II th« iiiaicait .u aUo
Ihaiii; bill •parcel tha
liad diana Ihw without-
brought away tBair
II Mtoniahcd at* tha
wai wvfifvly bUniinK
by him, nnil bid him
purify hia («h(«, and
en tin had Towvd to
Manopolnmia^and t»W
(Tcfire purifying hia
he godi of Labnu, (for
^J weis) itolen byRa»
lie earth under an oak
njf thence, he offcipcd.
nc» where hu luiw hia
iiilo IV1<^«o|i(>t:iiiiiB.
I thence, amlwHucdnia
there buriud Kachel,
B yra* the only «na of
ot the honor of burial
I h^ mourned for her
B ion that waa born of '
the aorrots th<i mother
all (he children of Ja*
na female. Of tham
. all of Lex, and two
sf the bandiunida, two
I have been net dow*
. *
[XII.
( huriti }it Hebr^H.
:amc to Hebron, a city
liten; and there it wat
<■» lived together for a
L'Ka, Jacob did notfina
sd not lone qfter the
at buried by hiraont,
where 'they had a mo ■
from thei*' forefather*
I kta belpTed«of God
it inatancet of provi-
nVgnr>ii fWherK«p*'
for when he had lived
d eighty-five yean, he ,
lipaae^ tbatin correvpon-
e,that'Hathel called her
hercaUM him 04iiia«i<«,
dn, aa rolninorily ci plain-
it makea nc aAiae at all.
n error only. TbeSuma-
* tmly Bniamim,- which
I atenlflcatlon, only with
Inalead of im, Ip ine He-
uMn or CheruMm Indiffo-
B T eatament pf Benjamin
I* MMiaaai iJMtatiraa. p.
tin, but explain it not the
I the «*a Vdayt. : .
.\
liOOK n.-«RAP.L|I.
Booion.
ooiiTAi'NiNa THi itn^aivAL of two nuifiiRiD an^ TwuNnr VRAta-rioM t » diat*
^.. * X.: _<» ISAAC to TH« ■XqOUB 00Tj,Of EflYfT.
ftow Rami ■akijaeoh, jlkt nnt ff Iimae, divUtd
tktir Hahifalitm; and Ktaupottiuii Idumi;
andJmcob CanamH.
1 1. A rfER the'dtalh of laaac, hia toni diVidad
ihrlr habilaliuni rci|i«clirrly. Nor diii lliey re-
tain what (liey ha<l ^befure: but Kmu ilenarlad
from the city of Hebron, and left It (u liia bro-
' ther, and dwelt in Seir, and ruled uvvr liluniea.
He Cttllud (he country by that naniii from him-
lalf, for he wi^a named Adoni; which appelliilion
-J- lM'k||jut on (he foUowine ocoaiiun! One day re-
'. turning; from (he (oil of niinliiiK *'*0 hungry, (t(
waiwlien he wayuQbild in aK«,) he li)(hlrd on
hia brotht^r wliln^lie wai pelting; ready lendle,
i>pofMx« for liii dinner, which wutof a.rery r«f
^color; on which accouni he the more ea^eady
lonped for i(, nnd deairrd hlin (0 give him tniiic
of i( In •'i^(.' Hut he niado adViintu|;e iif liia bro-
ther'a hun|;i'r, anil forcrd him to ritjgii up lu hiui
l)i» birtbriKbt, and he, beinur (linrhcd wllh fa-
ni»e, reaigned it up to him, under Hn oalH.
I Whence it came, that on account of tha ridntU
•f thia potta^, be wai, in way of je»(, by hia
contemporariea called Adorn, for (he llebrewa
. call wha( ia nA Adorn i and (hit wat the name
gircii to thia country; but the (^reeki gave it a
nore agreeable pronunciadon, and iwmed it
IdunUta. ..1
.' ,4- M« became the father of five aonij of whom
i' : Jaua, and Jaloniha, and Coreut, were by one wife,
whoic name wan Alibanm; butof (he r*a(, Ali-
phai waa bvm (u him by Ada, and RiiirAel by Un-
•,\ aemsilht and (hese were the aoua of Kiau. Ali-
Shaa had five legitimate auua, Thcnian, Outer,
apliua, Gothaid'li^.und Kuniix; for Amalek wnn
not leeilimate, bul by a concubine, whoiie name
waa Thamua. Theie dwelt in thai part of Idu-
mf a which waa called GibalilU, Bnil that deni.-
:-^ iMoated from Aniajck, Atnaltkilif; for Idumea
^l wat a large country, and did ther prwterve the
|f mame of the whole, while in ita levend parta it
kept (be DUiieaof itt pesuliar inhabitaptt. '
.^ CHAT. II.
tftm Joink,Jkt yfouHfttt if Jacob'*, Son*, mi*
tmmtd 6y At* Hrtthrin, whtn cerlain Dreamt
t na4/ort*hou>td hi*J\iturt Uappineu.
H; It happened that Jacok canie to to irreat
bappiiiest aa rarely any other peraop had arrived
at. He waa richer than the rtst of (he inhabit-
, ante af that country ; and waa at opce envied
; and admired for^uch virtnoua tont; for they
were deficient in»flothing, but were of great
•ouli, both for laboring with their handa and
•ndunng of toil; and ibr^wd rUo io undenUiid'
Ing. And Ood cxercited tuch a providence qvet
feim, and tijch a care of hia happineia. at to'
bilog him the greatcat bleiiinga, even vut of
what appeared to be the moit lorrowful condi-
Iias4 and io make hini the caate of our forc-
fcthera tieparture out of Egypt, him and bia
totterity. The oecation wiitKIlt When iacob
b^ thit aon Joacpb born to him by Rarhef, hit
Ather loved hiiii above the rest of hia tont, bcth
becauM of the beautr of bin body imd the vir-
laeaor^ji mind, for he excelled the retain i.ni.
piaf^ia. If being naual artth mankind to anvy ibair
vrry neareti ralaliuna «iich their pioauarlty,
Now the vitiona which JM««pb taw in hit alaap
wefe Ihetf;: ,■ .. /^
3. When (hey were inOia middle of harvaal.
and Joie|A wat i«n( by hia father wilh.hik bi«-
tlirrn Io gafher the fruitt of tl^a earth, he aaw a
vimoii in a drenin, linl great!/ exceeding the ac-
CiiKoniiiry nii|H':irun<'«a (ha( comr when we ara
a«|i'ep; wlili^i, wliiii he wua got Vp. ha luld hia
b(e(hr<n,(hiitlliev might judge whn| It (lurtend-
eij. lie wifi, •• ria nw the laa( iiigbt that hi*
*»heat »heaf rtood HiH in the'pUee jii^ara ha tat
it, but Ihiit Ibvjr theuvtii ran lu boik4(owA to it,
ut ivr>nnlt I>mw down to theii'uMatei|i,V' But aa
•uon nt th(.y i^rceive'l the vitiou foretold that
he ihoHld ubtain power aiid great wealtK, and
Ihia hit power thoul(J be in oppoii(ioit Io them,
(luy cave no int;iirpr< tutiun of it to Jniaph, aa if
Ihi: dreiiiii wenr nut by Iheiu undert(oo(l: but
(luy |)rav<:d (liut no pnr( of what (hey tutpected
(u be it* nii'Hjiiiif^ mij;ht ronMi to piiHa; anil they
bjre a »(ill giTn(ir liHtnil (o liim un (hat account
3. Dut God, inioppotidon to thcirenvy, aenta
tecunil vition t<i Juicph, w|iich wat much mora
wonderful thaii iliV fonncr; for it teemed to him
(hat (he tun (uili with him the uioon, and the
real of the ttan, ^nif cauie down to (he earth,
bihI bowed down to hrm. Ho told thia vition to
hiafiithir, and thur. an auijiectink nothing of ilK
will from hit brct^i'en, when tnWv were Ibere
aloo, Hud <letired liim to interpret ««hat it ahould
signify. Now Jaciib Wat iilrnted witb the dream;
fori contidcring (he pridij-tiiin in bia mind, aad
•hrewilly unit witelv igurtaing at ita meaning, ba
remi«e^d at Ihw'gfea^ thiiigt thereby lignTficd,
bytHHtti it declared ^he future hap|iiueM of hta
•on; aiid(htt(, by (he bleating of (lod, the time
-ahould cunie when h^i «^uld be honored, aad
and
lutt
thought worthy of wOmliip by hit parend
bniliien, at gueaaingj that the moon aud
^efe like hit nmther and fadier; the former „
•tie thui g:ive increaiel and nouriihinent to all
(bingfty and the lattcrJ h»4hat gave form and
other powert to them ; | a|!d that the ttart were
like hit brethren, iince (h,ey were eleven In
numtirr, A* were the ttttri that receive their
power froiv (lie tun and iiioon.
4. Anil tliut did Jacdb*niake a jud|jnent of
thit virion, and that| n ialircwd one aira. But
theae in(crpre(a(iont cai^t'ed very great grief t«
Joaeuh't brethren; and; they were affected to
him hereupon at if be Were a certain alranger,
(hat waa to hnve thoae good tbinga which wera
tignified by the ilreanit, ^'nd not at one that waa
a brother, with wlioiA {it waa probable tbay
•houlii be joint partaken; and a« ibey bad beea
partoera in'thl- tame par^ntare, to abould they
ne of the aanie bappineti. They alao'reaolved
to kill the lad; and having fully ratified that !»>
trnlicin of thcira, b« toon at their Collection 6|
the fruitji iVBK over, thev 'lyebt to Shecbem, which
it a country good for iecdiiig of cattle, and for
patturage; ttero they fed ^ their flocka, witboat
a<y]uaio(ing their father witb their remiival tbi-*
ther; where»|>on he had nelancholy autpicioBS
about them, at being ignorant of bia ton^a cob-
(1i(ion, and receiviiiE no juetaenger from ttM
dorVa (hat could iniiinii hini nt tin, tun, ^,f^
£5^™^ wVk 1.'* "' ^^ •"?*'";'■" ' ." ^^ "'•» »'x"'t •hem, *e tent Joteph to the Bock'^to |«
» lErlSrtaThl K^TV'"?.?'."*'*^ *»•"'"■- the rircunittance, hi. brethren- wewliwid
4 lUer and to tbein, wbicb foretold bi. future bap. bring bim word bow ther did. , . ""^ ""
t»
\^ -
ANTIQUITin or THE JEWS.
CHAP. III.
Hl»Joitmh ¥>— Ikui mM »y *<« B'nlirt* M*
Knpl.iy Ilt<u9n <lf ll»*r Hmind ijkimima
. lt,mh*llttrtKr*wfimouimndill»ufrio>u.Mtd
Itmd hit Hntkrm HiUtr ki* Potur.
1 1. Now (hfM brttbran r»jolc«*^M toon m
Ikay WW tl>(ir bruthar coming (o inrai, not in-
dMtl •■ •t lh« prcMnra of ■ ii*«r r»U«ion, or w
•I lh« pr«i«ncii of on« «»nt by thtir fii»h«r, b»t
M •» »»• pr«i»lic« of an «ncni]i, •ml one lh«»
b* Dl»in« rro*id«nc« *•• Miitmi into Ihair
Uuidi; •nd lh»» alranily n<ol«wl lo kill him.
«n<l not Ut tliu tha op|iortonitjr that Uy bafora
tMm. But whan Kaubal, tha aldait of lh«m, taw
lh«m thui dltpoaad, and that thay had agraed
togethar to aiecnta tbair purpoaa, ha triad to
NMriin th»ni, ihowinK ihani tha hainoui antar-
priaa th«y wrrr coinK about, and tna horrid na-
Mr* of it; thai ihii action would appear wickad
ia IIm lichl of Owl, anil impioua bafora men,
•*an thouch Ihcy ahould kill ona not related to
tham, but much mora flacitioai and datciUbIa
to appaar to hara (lain thair own brother; by
which act tha father iiiuit. b« treated uniuitly in
tha aon'a ilaurhter, and the mother* alio ba lii
Crpleiity while ille lamefiK that her "n '•
ten away from her, and this not in m natural
way neither. So he entreated tham lo hH*e a
ranrd to their own c oniciencei, and wi»«'ly to
coniider what uiitrhief would betida tham upon
the death of lo good a child, and their youngeit
brother; thatlhry would alio fearOod, wl)o waa
■ll«ady botir a apcctator and a witneu of the
deticna they hmi againtl Ihrir brother; that he
wouM love them if thty abalainad from Ihit act,
udylalded lo repentance and amendment; but
in eaa« they proceeded to do the fact, all aorl* of
paniahmenti would oirertako them from Giid for
thia murder of their, brother, aince they pollutad
hit providence, which waa every whera prcaent,
ud which did not overbok what waa done, either
la d«(arta or in citiea; for whercaotver a man la,
tber* ourht he to auppoae that Opd il alto. Ha
told them farther, that their conaciencea would
b« tbair enemiea, if they at(emptad to go throogh
•o wicked an enftrprii*, which they can never
■void, whether it be a good conu-ience, or whe-
ther it ba MiCh fe one ai thej'i'will have within
them when once tliev have hilled th«tr brother.
Ha alao added thia bciidca to what he had be-
fore aaid, that it waa not a riKhteoua thing to kill
' • brothefi though he had injured them; that i< la
li r(>od thing to forget the actiona of inch niar
Crteoda, even In thiiiga wherein they might w*m
to have offended; but that they Were going Uo
kill Joaeph, who hadlieen guilty of nothing that
VTM ill towaidt them, in whoie caiethe inllrmMy
of bit email age ihould rather procure >im mar-
cy, nnd move them to unite togtther in the care
of biapreiervation. That the cauie of killing
hiia made the act iUelf much worae, while the^,
deUnuincd to take him off out of env;r at hit
fu(ar« protperity ; an equal there of which they
would naturally partake while lie enjoyed it,
iince they were to him not ttiangert, ^but the
■earett rclatibni, for they niigiit reckon upon
what God beatowed upon Joiepb at their own ;
■ad that it waa fit for them to believe that the
aager of God would for thia caute be more le-
vote upoothem,*if they tlcw him who wiit judged
"^ *y Ood to be worthy of that protperity wfich
" ma to be hoped; for; and while by murdering
kim, tbcjr lAade it iidpoaiible fbf Gud to bettow
ndponhim.. ' ■ ,.
t. Reabd laid the««. and many other thingi.
— • We may here ohaerve, that In c orrwpoiideiHB lo Jp-
•Mh^ aeeand draaw, whlcb inuHiid ifiat liiiswttar,
%ho waa then alive, aa well aa bit foil >er, rUould rooia
m»t bow dawn to hlai, Joaephua repreaenia her here na
atOI allre aAar ahe waa dead, for the decorum of the
I IM IWtMM ti, M tba iBtnyrtUilea of ihM
aaii uaad enMaaliaa to than, aad Iharaby eadea
vorwi to div'^ Ibam from tha murder of tbeit
brolhar. I««l when ha taw thai hit ditcourae
hail not ninlliAed iheni at all, and that Ihay nwda
hatta to do lh« (art, ha advited them to allavlMe
Iha wlck«dn«t they were joinj alMul in tha
manner of laking Juaapb »ff. (•>' »» n« had •!•
horled thHkAnl, when ihay ware goiiic to ra-
vanga Ibeinlnvaa. to be ditauadail friin^ doing it;
ao, tinea the tenlenca for killing Iheir brother
had prevailed, ba taid lh,at ihay would not how-
ever be tojrroaaly guilty, if ihey would be per-
tuadmi to fidlow Kit pratcnt advice, which wouW
include what ihey were to eager about, but waa
not to vary bad. but in Iha di«tratt Ihey ware la,
of a liKbler nature. He begged of tham ware-
fore not to kill their brother wllhlbeirown haadt,
but lo caat him into the nil that wat hard by , and
•o to let him die I by which ihev would gain to niucb
th°at they would not defile Ihelr own handt with
hit blood. To Ihit the young men readily agreed!
■o Keubel look tha lad, and li«<l himwithaeMW,
and let him down gently into |h« pit, for it had
no water at all ia it ; who, whrn he lia<l done Ihit,
went bit way lo teek for tuch paaturaga aa waa
At for feeding Iheir lldcka.
Jl. DutJudaa, being one of Jaeob't . toot alaO,
tifipK tome Arabiana, of tha pOtterity of Itmaal.
rarryinn iplcet and Syrian warea out of the lead
of tJilead lo the Kgyptiabt, after Reubel WM
(one,' advited hit brethren Jo ilraw Joicph out
of the pit, and a<U him to the Arabiant; for if b«
ahould die among ttrangart fe great way off, they
ibould be freed ftrom tWa barbaroat action.—
Thit, therefore, waa >eaolved on; to they drew
Joteph up out of the'Vlitt •"«' •<>'<• htm to the mer^
chantt for twenty poundt.f He wat now tare*. -
teen ycart old. But Reubel, coming in the night-
time to the pit, retolved to tave Joteph, without
IhapriviU of hit brethren; aijd when upon hit
^calling to bim he made no anawer, he wat afraid
that Ihey had dettroyed him after ho waa gon«}
of which he complained to*M brethren; but whea
they had told him what lUy had dona, Reubel
left off hit mourning. ... ....
4. When Joteph'a brethren .bad doaa thia to
him„ theycontidored what they thonld do to ea-
cape the autpiciont of their falhfir. Now they
had taken away from Joaeph the coat which ha
had on when he came to them, at the lime the;
let him down into the pit ; to they thought proper
to tear that coat to piecet, and to dip it Into goal •
blood, and then to carry it and thoW it to their
father, that ha ni'ight believe he waa dettrtned
by wild beatti. And when they had to done, thay ■
came to. the old man, but Ihia not till wnal
had happened lo hit ton had already come to bit
knowledge. Then ihey taid that they had not
teen Joteph, nor knew what miibap had be-
fallen hiiii, but thht they had found h" <=<>*(
bloody and torn to niecet, whence tbev had a
lutpicion that he had fallen among wild baaatii
and to periahed, if that waa the coat he had on
wheq he came froiu home. Now Jacob had be;,
fore tome better hopea that bit too wat oiily made
a captive; butndW be laid aaide that notion, and
tuppuaed tMt thia coat wat an evident argument
that he waJ'ilead, for he well remembered that
thit waa the' coat be had on when he tent hiin to
hit brcthren>; to he herealicr lamented the lad
at ni^ dead, and aa if he had been the father of
no mor« than one, without taking<«ny comfort la
the reat; and to he wat alto affected with hit
mitfortune before he met with J oieph't brethren,
when he alto conjectured thai Joseph wat de-
ttroyed by wild beaata. He tat down alto clothed
a iea m daea al te I n all oar t e p laa . < » aa . "v»ll . tft
tThe eeptumliit have twenty pleew of KOM; the
Teitnment of Qud. 30; the Hebrew and Stmar «an.»
ofailvar; and tlie valfa' l^U"- 30. What waa tba
true number aad traa aun, caaaoi'tlyitaimra ■OWN
iwn. .
. ■ ' ; ,»■. ,
.# ,_ .,, . ....%.
DOOK II./-CHAP.1¥.
a, ■nd Iharabjr ra^M
Um wurdar pf tkait
m that hli dlKoarM
II, kiiil that lh«y nutda
iMil Iham to ■n**i*l«
I (iiiiiK alMut in tk«
off, fur u h« hwl M>
wjr «r«r« goinC la N-
•ua<l«l friiu^ doinn it;
killiiiK lli«ir brothar
I Ihajf wuulil not how-
r th«* would ba par-
it advice, which would
aagcr alMrat, but wat
diitrcH Ihcy war* U,
mggtd i>( tham Ihara-
r with their own baadi,
that wat hard by, and
i«* would |aia lo mock
Ihclr own handi with ,
ic mi>n readily agraad I .
d liad him with a cord,
nio Ihff pit, for it had
whrn hr lia<l iluna Ihia,
•uch paaturaga at wat
I of Jaeoli't.ioni alio,
ha |W>tt«rity of ltoi«al.
I warea out of tha land
liii. after Raubel waa
n toitraw Joacph out
tha Arabianai for if ha
'a fe great way off, Ihay
ia barbaroaa actipa.:—
i»ed on; id they draw
nd aold him to the niarr
\ Ha waa now aarcn- '
il, coming in the oiKht-
I aava Joaeph, without
i; aqd whrn upon hia
I anawer, he waa alVaid
jm after he waa gonaj
^ brethren ; but when
Sly had dona, Reubal
hrcn .bad dona thia to
t they ahoiild do to aa-
air father. Now they
iph the coat which ha
ibem, at the lime they
to thej thourht proper
and to dip it Into goal**
it and aho^ it to their
liere he waa dtatrtnad
I they had to done, tney -
but Ihia not till wlwl
lad already come to hit
taid that tbey bad not
what mithep had b«-
j had fouod ^la coat
ea, whence thfv had a
len among wild beaatti
«aa the coat he had on
e. Now Jacob had be^
It hia ton waa only mad*
d aaide that notion, and
It an evident argument
well remembered that
on when he acnt hiln to
afttr lamented the lad
I had beeu the father of
It taking<«ny comfort in
alto affectiMl with hi*
with J oiirph'* brrthren,
d that Josrph waa 'de-
le tat down alto clothed
la laekelolll, and la heavy ailllt'liiin, nnoiiiurh
IImI h« fiiuiid no vaae whan liia uina roinfiirlr'i
kiai, aaitbcr did hi* paiat ramitby Uugth of time.
CHAP. IV.
Ctiutming IKt lignml Chatlity ^ Jot4fh.
) 1. Now Fotipbar, an I'tgvplian who waa chiaf
cook tu king fharauh, bought Jutaph of tha mar-
chanti, who aoM hini lu him.' |la had hini in the
Kialrat honor, ami Uiight him the Irarning
at b«i:aiiia a free iiinn, and ga«a him Irava to
make ul« of a diet batlitr than waa allotted lo
ilavra. Ha iairutlml ala4> the care of hia houae
to him. Ho ba cnjoytid theae advanlagr*; y«t
did not ha leave that virtue which ha htulbafurfi,
upon auch a change ul hia comlilion, bat ba da-
monitralad that wiadoui wak able lu Kovrru lh«
Uuaaajr naaaioiitof life, in auch at havr it in rra-
llty, ami do nut only put it on for a allow, under
• uniaut tlHia of pruaperitv.
). For when hia matter a wife waa fallen in
love with him, both on acrounl of hit Ix-niity of
body and hia deiteroiit iiiaiiuscoirul of alt.iin,
and tapiMitrd, that if the thoulikiuake il known
to hliM, ibx thouhl eatily |M:rtuaA him tu coiiik
and lie with hir, and that ha wifflid look on it nt
a piece of happy furluiie (hat hit iiiitlreta th.uuld
entreat him, aa rrgariliiig thai tiala of tinvrry
lie Wat ill, and not liit iiiorul rharacti^r, wliiiih
Bonliducd after hit rumliliun waa chaiigrd. S<>
the made known hrr naughty inclinationa, and
•pake to him about l>ing with her. However,
be rejected herentrt'atiet,nol thinking ilaKreea-
ble to religion lo > ii lil fo far to her ua tu ilo wlinl
would tend lo Ihts affrunt and iiyury of hini that
Eurohaaed him, and hud vouchtafeilhim tu gieat
onora. H*, on the contrary, eihorteit her tu
fovem that paaiion, and laid before her the im-
pottibilily of her olila' • ■ - •
ilainliig hcrft-tirct, which ha
hav« tllll grealat advaniagati but iha^he mnat'
look fur rex iiK« unil hulrwMrnui h.i, In cata ha
rr^'vrlfd kft lUiif, itaii yff^»rr^^ Ihr rvputalioa
«1 chattily lii'forf hitiiiiilreaa, %thiil ha would
gam nothing by tui h anH-mlurS, Iwifauta tha
would then iH'ruiur hia a4(MaPT, an<l wifMld lalaaly
praland Co her hMihand thai h* allnuptkd her
chatlityi and thai I'otiphar woulil haarkrn to
her worda ralhrr llijiii »„ hia Int. hia ba aver a*
agrrrablu toth« Irulh, ^
4. When the wuiiian hadaaid tliut, ami avaa
with trart in her avist, nailhcr did pily ditauada
Jotcpli friHn hia rliailily, nor did fear luoipel
him (o a coiiiplianrft.««ilh her; liul he iip|HM«'d
herauliciluliona.Muil iliit not yirlil lohir Ihrralan-
ingt, and wat iilraul tu liu aii ill llilng; and choaa
tu uiidrrgo the tbarjwti puniahinrnt, mther ihaa
lu oiijoy hia prrteiit HiUantaget, by iluing what
hia own n.iM'ii'iir.e knaw would jiitlly liatcrM
that lie ahuuld die for it. He aitu put h.>r in mind
that tha wa» • married woman, and that the
ought to cuhabil with her butband only) and
ditaired her lu aulfrr tlirta cunaiderallont lu hate
mure w.'iahl with hrr than the thurt plnatura of
luallul dulliuiice, wliicli wuiilil briii); hrr to nk
pculance al'liirward ; would cauaii trouble tu her,
and yet, would iiol aiiiewl wlial had bi-cii dona
amita. Ha iilto iu»l>al<!il to her the fvar tha
would ba in, lett limy ,ttiudhl''l»K«augbi; and
lliat Ihr adtiiiiiaKe lircoiicraliiirnl wat lincrrlaiQ,
and that only wliile Ihe wickedncta waa not
known [ would tliire be any ijuivl for (hem; I but
-Ihat ahe might have the ciijuynii:iit of her hna-
band'i company without any daflgrri And he
(old her, ll.iil III thi! cuiii|mny of lier huaband thk
might hove grral boldniu, from a good con-
tciciici', bulb before (iod and before men. Nay,
that the would act britcr like hit mittreta,4iMl
make ute of her authority over him better, whil*
thii pertitted in her chaatity, than when thry
wore bfilh athamed fur what wi<!kednt>ia they
I had been guilty of; and that it it iirach better to
depend on a gcxnl life, well actrd, and known to
have been to, than upon the huiiet of the coa-
caaliiient uf evil |irai:|Wea.
6. Juteph, by anying thia, and more, tried lo
rettniiii 'the violent ,>i<tiiuo of Ihe wuman, and
lo reduce her afliclicm within the rutca ot reaton i
ought ihi^lit be roii){ui'red, if the had no hoiw
^ of tucceediiig: and liu tuid, (hat at (o hiuiii'lf.
* ha would enilnre any thing whatever befor*- he
■; wouhl be prrtuadt'd lolil; fur although il waa lit
for a tiave, at he wiit, to ilo uulliing contrary to
. hit mittrcst, h« might well be encuted in a caie
'■ where the cootrailiclioii wat tu tuch tort of rom-
3 iiandt only. Out (hit oppotition of J.iteph't.
*, urhrn tha did not expect it, made her ilill iiiore
violent in^ her love to hluii and the wat torcly
betel with thit aaiighlv paiaion, to the rrtolved
to conuiait hi-r drtigii by a iccood attempt.
S. When therefore there wat a public fetlival
; coming ori, hi which i( watth«cuitnm for women
' ; to come to the public tolemnity, the pn temlud to
.vjicr huaband that the Wat tick, at ■■wiitriving an
W •Importunity for tolitude and leiaure, that the
^f'S'** 'nlreat Joaeph again- Which opjiortunity
■ , ••*"»« obtaine<l, the uted more, kind wurdt to him
than beforrj and tuid, that it faail been good for
hijii lo have yielded to her firtt aoliciUUun. and
to have givi n htr no re|)ulte, buth becaua^bf tha
nvarence he ought to bcfar to her dignity who
iolicitcd him, and beraute of the vehemciicy of
f-','!i"v""l'Jl"*".'' ?«•«•' •Vne.lnett than yZ in. .be began to accuM JowTph! ,a,|. «0
wanty plecea of KOM; tha
lebrtw and AtmaiUan.U^
UUb, 3Q. What waa dm
, taaaoi 'Uynlbra now bt
_ . — — •"■";■ ij-"^«»' canieaineaa inun
Mfor«, for that ahe bad pratanded aickactt on
thia very account, and had praferrml hit conver-
•ation before the femival and iu tolemnity: or
whether he oppowd her former ditcoumet, at not
briievinr the Mid be in earnetl, aha now. gave
him tuflicient'"tecurity. by thnt repeating her
a pp lica tio n, that the maant nut lu the lt?tt bv
fraud (o impoM umn him; and aa^ri^h'^'thM
ilied with her affectiona, be might ei-
P? the enjoyment of the advanlaret he already
Md, and li he «rere lubmitaive to her, be ahoaM
but the grow mora ungovernable ami earnetl lit
the matter, uiid aince aha deapaired of pcrana*
ding him; the laid bar handa u|mh him and hail a
mind to force him. Hut aa toon aa Joht'ph had
got away from b^ anger, leaving alao hia gar-
ment with her. fur he left that to her, and leaped
out of her chaiiiber,>ahe waa greatly afrfcid leat '
he ahpuld diacuver licK|ewdneta to hir butbaad,
and greatly troubled at thearirnnt he had offered
her, to the rctolved tu be beforehand with him,
and lo accute Joteph faltely to fotiphar, and b*
that mean* to revenge hertelt on him for U*
pride and contempt of her; and the thuught it a
wite ^hing iu itttfl, and alto becoming a woiuaa,
ihut to prevent hit accuaatiun. Accordingly the
tat torrowful and in coufuxion, frantihg benalf
'*l.•'*t'*^"''''""^J"'' »"«"•»•. Ih" irff torrow
X
/.
\
^ I
huaband," nid the, •• mayral thou not live a daf
longer, if thM^tt not pttniah the wicked ilavt
'»•;«>•'•• d«ied to dttlilu thy bed; who hu
neither mjMed who ho waa when he came lo out
■ "^' If ^ '" ^^^^ hw'Hirwith nio4Mr-
iw ,""''« heen mindful of what favnr. Ii. y i^
received from thy bounty fat i he mu«t ba m
ungrateful man imiced, unlea he in evefy i«p
tfect carry himtelf in amannera^ieeable to uai)
thia man. I tay, laid a private dctiga to abtaa
Ihw ^ibi, Biwl «!.;■ •,,!«« 2: — '~i^M2»afea^^«a^ '
ANTIQUITIBII or THIS JKWfl.
lag whm Ihmi wnnUUi ha aliMnt. Hn tbil t(
lk>«r tf <'l*iir, llul Ilia mtoirMy, an II ii|i|M>iin>l kn
hm fofni) rl)r, wiM oulji 'wrmtw uf Ik* r*«lr4lnl
k« «•• III nut of 'lar III Ihif, IimI Itial h)< wim
nut t**lh >>l ■ K"<"' •ll'|MMiiiiin. 'I'hl* h« h,un
orMtioiii"! Iijr lilt tMiii|( mlvNnrnit ti* linmir
kcjriinil Mrhiit n« ilcwnxl.iiiiil wliwl hr tuipii fur,
InMiniiii'h thill h« rnncluifi!'!, Ihm li* Hko wit*
il«»Hi«il lit to h« Iriiili'il Willi |h| naliil*. iin'l Ihr
gotiiruinvnl "f lb/ r>iiiiil]i, •ml «•»• iir»ii rml
■lm«« III/ rhti'M >«rviiiil ■, iiiiclil l»< hIIiiwkI In
tiHMh Ih/ wU'd iil<i», " 'I hut wnvn ahw hail i iiiUtl
ll#r iltariiurM ali* ahowMl him hh Kuriiirnl, m
if h* lh«>n Irft It wjlli lifr wlii'ii Im iilli niplril lo
forrr li»r. ~lii«l ('uii|jliMr, nut JiiliiK uliln In illt-
h«l|rv)i ivIiLii Ilia niio't lean ahuMi'il, nad wlml
% ,, • kla wi/f Mill, rnul whal h« tmv liiino'M. hikI IuIiik
4> -^l^H'lurail hf Ilia lii«i| In hia Mrlfr, iMil nut ti t hitii'
^^^ir iliiiiil lh« I'mniiniilioii ol tlio Iriilli, IimI
tukiiii^ it fiirgninliil Ihiil hia Kil'r wiia » nnHlial
Wiiiiiiui, mill coiiilf iiiiiinK Junt-jili n* • wirlii il iiiiin,
• ^-fc* Ihri-w him mti* llir iMiil*fM«'t«r»' iiriaoni nnd
hu\ i alill bi|ch»r upiiilon of liia wile, ■ml tmni
bf r wifiiraf , tlint ■'to ww* it wuniHn of b«coniiiiK
MOtltal/ itnil rhualily.
CHAP.V;
Wh'»l lUttK* hif.ll JoHph In #>r^ii.
I I. N>iw, Joa«|)li, ituitliiiriiilinK nil hia nllulni
(o Uwl, (lid not IiuIkIiv hiina»ir In iiiuk* liia itij-
finer, nur tu gi«t «h ui'Count ol' the riri'uiiiituil-
rn o( thi- fiii'l, but tllviilly uiiilrrwiiiit the homli
Rnd Ihf tlialrcaa lii< Wut in, liriiiljr brliiviiiK
that (Iih), who knrw tb« ci«ua« of hia iilltiiliuii,
•ml tli« truth of thp rurt, would liti iiiorp iiuvtrr-
ful thin Ihoi* iKiit inlliclgd tli« puniiliiuinla
upon him ;■ proof of wlio^H pruviiliiir^ lie iiuick-
ly r«r«ivf(l; for tliti krrjirr iif thai priaon, Inking
iioliCi! of hia nm nnil tiilillly in the iillAiia lir
bail art hint aliout, and the dif[nit/ of hia couii-
Umnca, relaxed hia bunda, unit thereby iiiade
hia heavy caluniily IIkIiIit ami more •u|ijiortuble
lo hliui he alao prrHiilli-d him lo ni.ikc iim! of a
diet better Iban that of the rtatof Ibi^ priaonerri.
Now, hia fellow-pri<oni'ia, whiiii tlivir bitril !»•
bora wcra over, fell lo itiaruurMnf one hiiioiik
Uolbet, at it utiial in •urb «a afc equal aiiH'er-
■(■ art, and to in(|iiir«> one df another, wliat were
.. the occaiioni of thiir beinf^ i^oiidi niii^^ to n pri-
•OD. AinoiiK theui the kiiig'a rupb^rcr, ai„|
mm thai hairbui'ii r«apei:tiil by hiiii, wu ptit iu
bon,la upon the kinir'a unjifck' at hiau. Ttfli iiwn
' waa unatr the tiiiilebdudt with Joaeph, and f;rew
' mori: familiar with hini; and ii|Hjn oia^nrrtinK
that Jo'teph hlid a brtlrr undvnilaiiilinr Ibiiii tiie
rait had, he told biin of a dream he haJ, and ik-
aircj be would interpret it* nicaiiiDK; coniplain-
. ing that beaidea the alllictigna hi! nmlrrwint
froin the kinK, (io'l did alao add to hiui troublo
Aoni hia dreaiut.
2. He ihirffore aaid, Thul in iiiatlerp be aaw
three elu«ttr» of ((rapea liHiiKiiiK upon thru;
braiirMi of a vine, largi' alreaur nod ripe for
. galht:niiS, and that b« iHt«<.tzed theni into a nip,
which lb(t king h<dd in hht hanii, and when hf
had itrailied tlie nims he fjave il lo the kiiitr tu
drink, and that be rt'V<;iv«ii il frmu biiii witn a
fle4«aiit counluoanoe. 'i h:i, ))■' anid, wat what
e taw; and he d'aired Joajppb, tbnl if he had
•ny iiortionof u^entnndiog in auch iuntter>i, lie
would It U hiai *mH tbia viaion forituid : who bid
' him be 'of good liliaar, aBd expert to be lootpl
from hit boiiila i|l three duyt' lliiio, btcauae the
king diVired bit uLTvice, aiu! waa abriul to nsiore
hiui to it again; I'.jr he lit bini know that God
bcalowa the fruit of the riM apon men for kooiI ;
which wine la poured out In ht.,., ..ul ik ^^,.. plr tgt
-^ aju . __T .^
of lidelity anil mutual ronMcnce among men;
, mad puli an end (o Ihcir ((uarrela, takea away
pauion and griif out of the niinda of lbt.ni that
lH«it, and mnket tbrm cbeerlul. 'ihvu tajitt
that Ihuta ilulat MpireM lhl« win* from ikfM
cliialara ol graiwa wilh tiiiua hamla, awl that Ika
k,»y rrreivkii it| kiiuw, tliarfloii, Ihal tliiavlaUt
la iMf Iby it'Miii, aii<l lurrlilla a riloaae Iruiii thf
pMaeul dialrvaa, withiN llio MHIa iiuiiiliir ul ilaVt
at Ilia branrhaa bail wlitinia llHiu gatbi railit thjr
gratiaa in lliy al**p. Ilowavar, rtiHviiiliar what
iinwiMiflly I haira lurttokl lha« wh*ii thou hial
liMiiiil it lru« by aiiiarieniai aud when tjiuii art
HI aullioiii^, ilo not u«irliiuk aa III ibit prMiHi,
wherein Itmu wilt ba«« iia, wb«M ibou art KOiia
tu tbji plate w« hate loratuld) fur w« ar« aut Iu
p,uuiu lor uay rriiiie, but lor the aaka of irar rir-
tue tad kiibnely uia wu i.-oniii nined tu aultrr tu*
(Miutlty of iiiiilifMi'lura, ami li iMuae w« are nut
Willing to lujura hiiii that Ma Ibu4diatr.»»id ut.
though il W|i« fur our owu iilaaaura. The eup>
bearer, therafura, aa W8« natural lo d»^ (tjuiivd
tu Iieartl4cb an iiMirpn talluii ul bla ttteaiu,' ami
wailad the Cviiiipbtiu;! rf what bud b««u Ibut
ihowed bini belurnhand.
^ tlul a»i»lb«r»er*«nt there WB«of tba fcinflf'tj^
who ha.l bvro iliiel iMki^r miil wa* iiuw houiiit III
|Wi»un wilb the riiptMarir; lii\a|<u waa iii ||o«>il
iiupi , uiioil Juae|.h'a ii|lerpr>.lulioii iHr tue uliiar'l
trIaiiMi, lui' he liHil at'i n aUruiii iiitu) ao ba lit-
•iruil lliHlJoai pli would till Mm »imt Ilia •laiuii*
ha ha.l ataii tbi' nl|;lit bi I jiv liilgbl mean. 'I'liey
wtra tbtfaii Ibul Iwilluwi " .VIelliuuKlit,'' aa/t hi',
Vl carried Ibrvti bu>ki'ta u,uu iiy lieuif, two
Wart lull ul' liiavi'a, uii'l the t;Hi',l lull uf twet-
uieata iind olbtr i'iii..bli'4, audi lu uri' pre|Mr«ii
fur kiii^M; but Ibut the luwia inine il^iiiK,aii>l aM
tbi'iii iiil up, iiiiii bail no rp||aril Iu iii). ultuiipt to
drive tliiiii aivii^." And biieipi\Ud aprroictiun
like to tbnt uf the f.uplKai'i r. llul Juat pli, r^n-
aidci'iii|; aud rrnxMiiiig ubuul Ihe ilreuni, auid to
him, 'I nut be w>Hit>l wiltiii|;ly lie an iiitirprcter
of i^uutl evciila lu him, ami uul ul au<:|i aa hit
ijinam demMiiiccil to bim; ImttiuluMliiiu llial ka
laaU only tliicu iltt)a in ull to live, fur that lk*
^Ibrei'j baakela 4i;(iill'>i lluiluu tin tbinl diiy h«
ahoittil b« criicllieu niltl dittuureil b) luwia, whlb
bawaauiit idilirtolielphiiiiiitll.. N .m , buth (b«it
dn'Uiiia hud Ibe iiiii;mi >(ti'iitl ivi nit Ibut Juaepb
foreiukd lhe)'tb<iulNl huvi, aiid ibia to bulb the
parlii*; lur'uii llae lliirl day bil'jre iiicBtion'
cd, when Iha kiiKK wikuini^ed hia birthday, hii
ctrufified the clii«i b.iki i', uiid it I the biitlitr I'rM
iruiu hia iHiiida, uud reaturad hjni lu Ilia f^riiicr
ii'iluialrHliuni ,
4. lIutliudfrM-d Joteph from hti cunlinrmeht,
after be hud andured hit bontia twu yi ara, uiid
had rcrtriveC^Du aaaiataiicit from ib^cuplwi.rer,
who di,t not remember what he Imd laid lo hiiu
fonmi'ly; ami (Sod contiived Ibia method uf de-
Itvei'uiice for hiiii. t'Kui'uhh tbu king had aim
in hia ulcep Ibo ajiiie etriiing iMu viaiunt; and
after tbeifl hod thf; intir|)MtuiiiiD« of ibeiu buth
giv/n him. lie had l'Oirg>itten lh« latter, but »•
Mined that of the dicama tiiiiiicelvc*. Iteii^;
llalrifiirii truulihd ut nhal he hud teen. f'M It
tei'nii'i.l li> biui to be all of a miliinchuly'ii iture,
th« DCKI day be called logelber the wiaeat men
uuiiiiig the Kgypliaiii, detiringtalcurnlrptu ilum
the inierpretiiiiun of bit dniama. Hut when. Ibry
heailale'J ab.iul them, the kiiig wat lo i^^li tba
more i> iaitti bed. And liuW it Wua that Ihe mriiiuif
uf Juaepb, and bit aklll in drrama, camti iutu Iha
iimid uf tite kine'i cupbearer, « hen be tan tli«
ouiiluaiuu tlunt Hiarauii WHaiii; to lie came mid
nieutioiMd Jui»|jh (a hjn)« o» alio lli* vitim lie
had tern in priton, and ^low the event proved il
be had laitl; ua alio, that the chief Inker wii
(Tucilii'd iin Ihe very tume day: and ibat tlili alaa
happened to him, accurding Iq theintrrpieti.tiim
of Juaeph. That Jorepb hiiiiaelf wat Uid in
Imnd a by I'ot i ph a r , who wi a h ia bead CouU, n i «
ilaire ; but he iai<l be wit one uf the nqbleal ui' Ihtt
ilucft of the liebrewi; and hajtl fuith^r^i* faliier
livid in ireat tplcndur. If Itiert'lure •iiuu will
tend fur niiu, and not deipiic him o4 ll>« aior*
♦
Ihl« n)M r^m IkrM
u« kamli, aiMl iMl lh«
Iff lull', ihal Una vlciUa
IId a rt loiia* Irmii Ihjf
< MHXi iiuiiilur III <!■>*
« ttHiu gutlx milit iHjr
iDViir, rtiHvHilikr whul
lli«« wh*n lliuu hdl
»; Mul whcH Oiuii «rl
oi/h III III tint )iri«iiii,
•, wt|cii lliiiu iirl Knii*
fiildl fur w« II m aul la
iir th« aitli* of iMir «ir>
mill iiinnil (u •iirtrr lh«
it li I'liuM ««« nrfi nut
lilt Ihu4ili>lr>>>ull u>,
II iiliHtiiur*. Tlix i'U|*<
imunil In ito^ njuirril
Huh III Inn ittciiiii, miil
wlinl liuti li««ii tliui
hrrv wii*»f U»« IihA'*,
mill wii* iKiw hiiuiiil III
'i IiivnUu wk» III guud
irilxtiuii t0 tun uliior'i
In Jill uIm) ui lllf lit-
II liliii itjiul til* «liiioii«
tv iiiiglii iiii>sii. 'I'lirjr
' Mi'tiiuuKiu,'' Mil bt',
u,.ua ii;f liituti, iwu
IK tilll'tl lull l.l' tw-'tst-
>ucli lu wri' |irc|Mrt'ii
U cniiiii il^iiiKimi'luM
H«ril ill III), ulli iii)it lu
II fijii vlt'U K |irr(iii'tiun
rir. llui Ju«<|>li, r^ii>
imt Ihn ilrtiuiii, attlU to
i|;ly '■« nil iiiliriircur
III uiit ul aui^li «■ lilt
lilt ti>^ liil.l liiiu llmt he
I to livi', I'ur timl ItM
•l uii till IliinI iliiy ht
ruufitii li) IumIi) t^ib
u'll'..' N un I (luth tbvM
iitl I'vaiili lliut Juaeuk
, Kiiil lliia to liulli llw
ilajr bi'I'jrii iinytion'
lUcit Ilia birlliilay, lit
iilit It I tli« biitkr lr««
«tl hjiii lu Ilia fijriiier
rroiii Ilia coiitinriui'lil,
buiitia Iwu }'• >r>, luiii
t Iron) lli^cupbci.rcr,
lal lir. Imil aHiil t» liiiii
eil lliiaiiitlllud ul' <lc-
hIi iIii) klii^ li«>l ai'i II
iiinK twu viaiuna; and
iIuliilDa ol' llioiii butli
tin lli« IkllL'i', but r<'
« liiiiiiavlvn. Iteinf
il liv Imil atrt'n. f'>i It
11 uiiliiiicbuly'i) itnre,
;e(liri' the- |viai:»t iiifil
ing ta Icurn Irptii llum
iania. Hiil wii«H. (brv
king wiia io i^^li tlia
It utiiia that the niriiiurjp
(Irrauiii, caiii« iulu Ih*
ii'iT, \i)i«n he aan tlio
la iii; ao Jie caiiir iiiid
u ulaotii* viaiob tic
Mr tha cvr.nt proVrtl ■•
tlie chief Iwkcr waa
itay ; and that lliij ^Im
g tq theintrrpieti.tiim
hiiiiiicif Maa l.iid iu
H Il ia l i taJ Cou l .i ii B »
BOOK It-ilfAP. ?I.
«ri)liinUlbrlHi#a, thou will Unrntthal ihjril
■ilMi'^)' S.ilhr Imiiiiiniiiinii/lfil Ihnl lhi')i •h.iHli)
briil(| JiiOiih lulu hi» jir»«riirc , aii't IIi.im nl>^
4 rcrill«*<i Ina ruininaiuf caum and liruiii^hl him
With Ihfni, ka«lii( lakan rani of hU haliil.lKnl il
Niithl be daiaqt, aa the kInK had aiijuim^il llUni
>« to du.
S. Hill lh« king look him hjr ihehainlj ami,
"O joxtnt man," aii)« h», '• for my ••rvaiil li»ar«
wilnau inal Ihrui art al prairnt lhailir>l ami
niiial tkilful (Mniin I ran iimkiiIi willi, •luirhiHla'
ma lh<i taiiia favura whii-h Ihoii liraiiiwaiUl uii
Ihia •amaiH nf iiiilia, anil Irll inn what »«i'nl<
hirh lli« «i<lun« uf niir ilptniui fun -
tliWWj and I daair* Ihra lu •iii)prr>« Aulhins uul
jf faar, nor to Italirr nii< wiln iyliiK wuriia, iir
with ivhkl may |>Jinax ni«, allhuiiKk the truth
wlinl tliU
iftnin 11 lid
mIhI lliiik
i-iK^t iiiifl
Unlwini'
ri|« iluwli
tiiy iliivvf
aliould l>« of a mmI iiiihuly nalurA Knr it Mriil-
ad lu ma dial, n« I wullird li) lh« rivi r. I xkv
kilM lal and vrr) lirKi', vim in nlinllii'r, Knilln
.- — ^um the rivrr lu tbt^ marahcat audjlliiir klu*,
af thtt aaiu* nilinliar like lliriii, iiii'l lliln iiul uf
Ibe uiaraliaa, virriiiliiix Iran ami III fnviirnl,
which ■!<< u|i ihii fal and th<t liirff kiiir.unil )il
wvra nu I'altrr than bvfori', and nfl It la niiiira-'
biy (liiirhvil nilh fjuilnr. All«r I hiii i ari ii lM>
vitiim I nwakrd out uf my alirpi iiliil baiii;; ill
' diiunlar, and ruiuidariiiK nilli nijM'lf wlinl thi
■p|i*arani'e aliuulil b«, ■! frll BaTi'ii|< i||:n
taw aiiiithar drraiu, iiinrh niiir« wmiil
Ihn furrK>ilH|(, nliich ttill ilid iniiri' iillriK^t iiiifl
iliilurb iii«: I aaw nrvrn riir< uf rum
mil of one roul, IravinK ''■*■'' li«*d< liun
by the wriKht uf th* Kr:|ina, ami |ir|ii ti ^
with the fruit nhich wun niijv ri|ir, aurfit fi
rrapiniti and iiiar tliike I anw nviii itlitrcaiji
of C'irn, meagrr Riid iviiik for want uf n in, whkl>
fill lu I'lil^nn aiid i-uiiauiniii:( Ihutr Hint i>irr II
for rea|iiiiK, and imi me inl ■ ip'ral iM' niahii>«nt.
8. To which .Tuarjih re|illtil: /' i'liii ilrnam,'
•aid he, "() king, alluuiiKb trru uiidrr w" «>rui«,
iicnifiiia one and Ihr nunic rvint of lliiiai^c; It r
When llum lawot thi< kiiir, wliitli iajian aaimid
niada lor thr pluuicli mid fur liibur, laiirnun'il h)
the wurto kiiie, and the uart uf ruin »i|i(«'ii »\i hy
the aniallr.r «ar>, thry furrtill ■ fiiiiKin^, «iid irniil
of th« fruilt of'thi- inrth. fur llip mi«i<< nuiiiln i'
of yrari, and ri|ual with tlioat' vtli-'n ^^tjjit nua
in a happy aliilis nod Ihii a., far, thhtltliV plenty
of theaa yeara will b« aprnt in thv aii iir nuiultrr
of rcarauf i|rnn'itv', mid that tcurcitu of nun-
aaty protitiuiia will lie very dlllknil to lir r.ir-
rrrted; at a niKn wharruf, the i|l-fu4nri'd kiiir,
when tliejf^hud devoured the lu iter aort, I'.uiilil
nut be nntitAi'd. lint aiill (iuil I'oii Jhiiwa wliut
It tnconieu|mnnini, not tn jstktivv tliyin.luit tliul
when iHry know il litforcband, thr^ jii:i\ by tru-
denru make the uctiial cxu*rii>iu:e of ivi^iit u lure-
lold Ike inure tiilcrnble. If lliiiu, thirerorc, cure-
fully iliitpote of the pl< utiful crupn wliifrli will cyme
in ine iMriurr jenri, IhuU will protjire thiil tin
, future iralaiiiity will not be felt by tliu; Kgy pliniia."
7. Hereupon the ktwf wondered afe llle diiicri:-
lion and wiadoin of Joteph; ami naked hiiii by
what nieaiia he might tu ditpejiae the forei;oin|j;
plentiful erupt, in the happy yi^ar,i, at to make
the niiterablecrulia more tuli-rulile; Jnneuh lliui
added ihia liia atlvire; 'I'uapare the K(>^*> <^>''<'P<,
and not permit tlje Kgyptiana lu tpeiiil them lii«-
urioualy, but lu reterve what they would llnv'^
ipenl In luxury beyond their necensilv, Bguinst
the time of Wniit, l!e alto exhorted bi'in to liike\
ths corn uf the hutbandnien, and give lliiiM uiily
•That la, haiifht It ftr Pharaoh, at arety low prirr.
tTtila PoUphar, or na In Jowphua, />«r<|iAi'«, who
waa now a iirimtiil'Oii.or nHlnpulia.iaihr aiiiiunnme;
In Ju--eiilluii. anil perliM | W In Miinwi «lii<), wlili liig^ ^•f\ut
raurh at wnnM ka aMlllfrlent tut their
• ih, briM|| turnrUml
lulrpprt'lilhin III the draam, lial
AmmI
turnrlaml al Joteph,
X'
AiMil'illliily I'h,,
nut only f>ir hit i
fur the riMinol bii had given him, inlrutlarf kiaa
with ili»p«ii.m(r the rum, with p<iwarlo ilii what
he lhou||hl woubl l«. |,ir the lirnalll of llie paor
ul< of KkM'*< •'••I f'>r the h<n<lll ol Ilia king.aa
lirliaviiii that he wliu Ar>l >l>a<'uvrrrillhiapethmi
.if acriiin wonid prove lh« bati uver«*ar of it.
HhI ,».ia, i(h having ibit power given him by Ik*
kiiiil. Willi leave to make um< uf bit teil, and l«
Weiiriiiiriile, drove iu hit rhariol ihniMKh all Ih*
laud of fi. (> |>f, and tuuk the rum of the hutband-
im n.f allotting aa murh iu *Mtry una at wiiuld b*
tulDrknl fur ir>'d abt fir fiMiil, but wiibuMi Hi«-
ruvarliig to any uae Ilie ri«a<in why h« did t».
\ CUM', VI.
llmt Jtmph^wftH kt WD! htfum/ fiimnu$in^l;tyfl,
had hi* Itrtlhrttt lit .My<;«H<Mu
{ I. Jiiaijrii waa Howgrnwn ilj|> tu ihlftf *Mn
of a(;r, and riijoird itrrul honort from the king
wliu mill J hiui I'mlkitm f'AunrrA.out nl' rrgurd
tii'hia fir|ii%iuua dinr.i of wlwjunii for that
nuine lUrfluIrt Iht'rtrtnltr i>f KrriU. lie Iili4
nitirrieil « wife of verV bi^'i ipmlitj \ lor lie mar
rieil III* I'liiitbter of lviiplireii,r une ol the
priittt uf lliniii'oliti.'fhi una n virgin, and her
nniiie w.it Axiialh. Dy her fie bad rbiblren be-
fore tilt irilty rame on, M'ln.ini' II, the elder,
v^biih tin»i;i«a f»tgt'f'il, benig*! bit pirtenl
hapfiincaa oit.ida hiui lur;{rt lii* f inner uiitfor-
lauiqgjmit ft^rttim.lbi youii^^ir, ivbii li tIgnU
%|ilW««il. txeraiite be wnt riniored to the (rta-
tldin of bia l^irefulliera. Aiiiv, after HKyid had
K^ii|>ify jin»<il uieiCreven jmrt, aCrordiiig to
J Meph'ainlrrpirtnlluMi f tho'driHint, the fiinilia
riiiie ii|Min Ihi in in thi' iIkIiIIi v f, mid In raii>r
1^14 niitfurtuiie fell iipiiu tin nt wlien llii y bii I n»
iien>i: of It brfureh'ind.t Ibi) Were nil «,'ir< ly »f
Airlid by it, and came riniiiinii; lu the k'iiiK't
t^illcii; nnd hn rulled upon , Ion pji, i.lmt'dd the
I'uril tu till, 'I, lieiiiKbi'liiin, ronfetti illy » >ai ioiir
III the whole iiiullitude uf llie Kgynliniitv ' NAr
did he open till* market of rorn fur'the jiiupln of
tbnt loiinir) only, bn| Hriiii(i;<rii l|tiil lilterty U)
buy id'.j, .loteph 'being ivlllih;; that all mm, who
ure uatiirally- akin lu uile HUolbrr^ ahniild have
uMiHiiiiiie I'lMul thoae llihl litid in h.ippiiiMt,
3. Now J'icoli uitu, wiien hn undertlu.i^ thai
rir<'i);ui ra niiirhl come, tiijl mII bii. toiia into
Kj-vpl ^1 buy cumt fur the biiiil of ('.luaan waa
grieimi-ly u|Birtrd with the fimihei n'u^ iMa
^re;it niio ry Iniiclied the t\li(de i-fmlinent.. lie
only ii'l.iinrd lleiij.iniin; wiio waa born tulliiniby
llni'bi I, and tva4 ul the aaiiie iniilher willi Joteph.
Tlieai' aura qf Jiu'idi Ibi n chiiIc into Kgvpl, und
npplicd theni>elvea to Jutepli, WBiitinj} In buy
Corn; fur iiolhiiig nf tbit kind wiit dune without
iiit npprobatiuli, tinru ev, n llieii only n-at the
hunur t'lHl-wua puid the kiii|^ liiniigilf advanla-
geuua Jalhc pei^in tliiil paiil it, when they look
rare ,l>^1fnnur Jimrph ulto. Now when ho Well
kn(;w Kit brethren, lliey Ibuugbt nothing of him:
for be waa but u yuuth when he left them auii
waa now rbnie to an iige to niurh gwatrr Hint
the lineanicnla of hit liico vv( r« chani^eil, aad'he
wa.4 notfc1l,jwn br t.'ieni; beaidea Ibin, the great-
neat of the dlgutty wherein he appeared auUered
tbcin riut toniticli at to tiib|iect it waa be. He
now Ji)3''* trial ivbat tentinienti they had about
uHUira of the greateit coniequeucc ; for he refu-
m.iater and mlttrniiB. Nor la Ihla a nolinn paeullar to
Hint Tealnmeiil; Iml, na Dr. Ileriinril ronfeawia, note on
Aiitiq. h. II. rliap. iv. HiM't I, rnniihon In Joaephua, lo
l ift Henuma in t i nlni'pi«t e r a, a nd to oth e r le arii eil' Je ^a
CfiJ
lb
le uf the nobletl (if th«
<ajd fuithlf^i* fatlier
f ttierefure'hiiii will
lite him oi ll>« acur*.
at lietbre railed riic ktai rcok, ur captain uf lklg»ard,'
and lowliom Jueriih wuaiold.peelien.iiiii. :!0; lOlj.
ti with xll. Ml. Tliay ure niao iiinriiird lo be one aiid^
:tti aame penon in the Tcalainoni of Juaeph, acel. 18,
m be It IDere aald lo bava married the daughter of bia
if old lime.
, t 'I'hie entire Igiioranef hriho Egyiitiflna ol theae yeara
qr-fdmliin liefuro tliey mine, told ua hefore aawell aa
Iwra, ehap. v. «ee(. 7, Jiy Juaephua, aeeiiiala he iih
lay tdiUe. It kt^UjOo other copy that 1 know of.
fi--
40
ANTIQUITIES OF TlIB JEWS.
•«! to ftll them eorn, wid Mid tlwj w«re eome w
niiai of the kinK** affain; and that thcjr earoa
iroin ioveral countrici. and joined thtWirlvea
torether; and pretended that they ware of km, it
not being poHibIc that a private man ahould
breed up lo many aoni, aiid thoia of lO great
baauljr of countenance ■• thejr were; luch an
•dncallon of lo aianjr children being not eaiilr
obUihed by king* tbewiclvei. Now thii he did
^ in order to diacover what concerned hii father,
and what happened to hira after hi> own depar-
ture from him, and ai desiring to know what wa»
become Of Benjamin ()ii brothers for he wai
afraid that they had ventured on the like wicked
•nterpriie against him that they had done to hiin-
' nif, and hud taken him off also.
3. Now ihese brethren of his were under dis-
traction and terror, and thought that verygreat
danger hung over them; yet not at all reflecting
npon their brother Joseph; and standing firm uu'
der the accusation* laid against them, tliey made
' their defence bv Reubel, die eldest of them, who
now became tneir spokesman: "We come not
hither," Said he, " with any unjust design, nor In
• : order to bring any hami to the king's aiuirs; we
* ^' only want tpoe preserved, as supposing your hu^
manity mightjbe a refuge for us from tne niise-
rie* which'*®*' country lubor* under, wc having
° beard that you proposed to sell corn, not only to
your own couutrymen, hut to strangers aUo, and
that you determined to allow that com in order
to preserve all that want it: but that we ar*bre*
tkMn, and of the sane common blood, the pecu^
liar lineaments of our faces,, and thoie not *o
mnch different from one another, plainly ibow.
Our father's name is Jacob, a Hebrew man, who
, had twelve of us fOr bis sons by four wives; which
/ twelve of us, while w« were all alive, were >
happy family ; but when one of our bretbren^hose
' . nam« was Joseph, died, our. affnirs changed for
' . the worse; for our father could not forbear to
make n long lamentation for him, and wc nre in
affliction, both by the calamity of the death of
•or brother, and |be Jniserable state of our ag^d
father. We are now therefore come to buy corn,
having intrusted the care of our father, and the
Sovision for our family, to Beiijnnun, ouryogng-
t brother; and if tliou scndestjo our house,
thon mayest learn whether we are guilty of the
least falsehood in what we'say."
4. Ajjd thus did Reubel ein'cayor to persiiade
Joseph to have a better opinion of them. But
when he had learned from tliim that Jacob was
»II»e, and that his brother was not destroyed by
them, be for the preslttt put them in prison, as
intending to examine more into their affairs
when he should be at leisure. But on the third
day he brought them out, and said to them,
I. V That since you constantly affirm that you are
Dotrcome to do any harm to the king's affairs;.
tbtltyou are brethrin, and the sons of the father
*^9P I"" ■"""<^d, you will satisfy me of the
~ ; traK Of what you say, if you leave one of your
con>pany with me, who shall suffer no injury
here; and if, wheq ^ou have carried corn to your
Ather,' you will come to roe again, and bring
your brother, whom you say you left there along
with you;' for this snail be by me esteemed an
assurance of the truth of wfiat you have told
ihe."* Hereupon they were in greater grief than
before; they wept, and perp«tu«lly deplored one
if' . . among aiiothei^ the calamity of Joseph ; and said,
' f "They were /alien into this misery as a punish-
•.' . . ment inflicted by God for what evil contrivances
they had against him." And Reubel was Urge
i.- :.__-_ in hit reproaches of them for their too late re-
• The reason why fiymeon might be selected out of
the rert tor Joseph's prisoner. Is plain In the Tewameitt
oC^Bymeon, »1«. that M was one of the Mtterest of all
Ja*epb<k brethren aimlnst Mm, seel. S, whicb appears
aho In part by the Testament of Zabulon, sect. 3.
t T lw toheWMt ttttu to me to »ho w ; twtth e ne ga -
pOntance, whence no profit arose tp Jotepbf and
eismeslly eihorted them to bear with uaticnce
whatevt^r they suffered, sijice it was done by .
tiod in Way of punishment on his account. The*
they spake to one another, uut imagining that
Josrph understood their language. A general ^
sadness also seised on them at Reubel's words,
and a repentance for what they bad dune; and
they condemned the wickedness they had perpe-
trated, for which they judged they were justly
punished by Ood. Now wben Joseph saw that
they were in Ibis distress, he wa» so affected at
it that he fell into tears, and not being willInK
that they should ttijft nolii.e of him, he rotiredi
and after a while came to thciu again, and takinji;
i4ynieon,» in order to his being a pledge for bis
brethren's return, he bid them take the corn
they had bought, and go their way. He also
commanded hi* steward privily to put tlic money
which they bad brought with them for the pur-
chase of corn into Ucir sacks, and to disioisi
them therewith, who did what he was command-
ed to do. ,..!.■
6. Now when Jacob'* sons were come into tbe
land of Canaan, they told t»«it father what had
happened to them in Egypt, and that they were
taken lo h»»e come thither as spies upon the ,
king; and hbwthey said they were brethren, and
had left their ele»*nth brother with thnr^father,
but were not believed; Ind.how they had left
Syineon with the governor;^ until Beiyamin
should go thither, and be a, testimonial of the
truth of what they had said. And they htpni
of their father to fear nothing, but to send the
lad along with them. But Jacob was not pleased
with any thing his sons bud done, and *o took
tbe detention of Syn^oii heinously, and thence
thought it a foolish thing to give up Benjamin
also. Neither did he yield to Reubel'* pcrsunr
sion, though he begged it of hini; and gave
leave that the grandfather might, in way of re-
quital, kllf bis own sous, in case any hurm cwne
to Benjamin in the journey. So thcv were dis-
tressed, and knew not what to «lo. Nay, the"*
was another accident that still disturbed them
more, the money that wnt found bidden in their
sacks of corn. -Yet vihta the corn they bad
brought failed them, and when the fomme^ still
afflicted them, and necessity forced them, Jacob
did [nott] still resolve to send Benjamin with bis
brethren, although there was no returning into
Egypt uulesS they came with what they bad pro-
mised. Now, the misery (t«>wing evenr day
worse, and his sons begging it of hiio, be had no
other course to take in his present circumsUn-
ces. And Judas, who was of a bold temper upon
other occasions, spake his mind very freelr to
him: "That it did not become him tobeauraid
bn account of his son, nor to suspect the worst,
as he did; for nothing could be done to hi* Son
I'M'
but by the apjwintnient of God, which must also
for certain come to pass though he were at home
with him; that he ought not to condemn them
to such manifest destruction^ nor deprive them
of thot plenty of food they might have from
Pharaoh, by his unreasonable fear about hi* sob
Benjamin, but ought to take care of the pre»f r-
vationof Symeon, lest by attempting to Tiinder
Benjitmin's journey, Symeoii should peri*h. He
exhorted hiro to trust God for him, and sud he
would either bring his son back to hini^rSKH>r.
together with his, lose bis own life." _ So thkt
Jaeob was at length jpersuadcd, ■and delivered
Benjamin to them, with the price of the .corn
doubled: fie also sent present* to Joseph, of the
fruiu of the land of Canaan, balsam,) and rosin,
live particle i* here wanting wtaieb I have sapptiedin
braeketa, and I wonder none lia*e bnherto nspecKd
It oufht to lie supplied. .... ^ ^
t urtHe precious balsam of Judea, and tbe tarpenune,
•ee tbe notion Antit. B. viU.ehap. vi. aeckt.
BOOK II.— CHAP. VI.
40
•roie IP Jowpbf aod
d ba>r with patience
i|ice it WH (loue bjr .
anhiitccount. Thn*
■, uut imagiiiini; thai
anguare. A general ^
III at Reubel'i wohli,
I thef bad dune; and
ilneit they had iwrpc
nd they were ju»tly
Aita Joieph ww that
he wai io affected at
ind not being willliu[
G of him, be retired:
hciu again, and Uking
wing a pledge Ibr bii
them talie the corn
their way. He alio
Ivily to put tlic money
ith them for the pur-
■aoka, and to diimii*
>hat he wat command-
na were come into the '
t)i«it fathrr what bad
>t, and thut th*y were
irr as s|>i» upon the ,
ey were brethren, and
ther with lhR^-father,
nd.bow they bad left
nor^ until Beiyamin
a teatimonial or the
id. And they begged
thing, but to Kna tb«
t Jat'ob waa not pleaied
ud done, and. lie, took
heiuoualy, and thence
^ to give lip Benjamin '
d to Reubel'i pcnua-
it of him; and gave
r might, in way of re-
in cuae any harm came
!y. So they were dii-
at to do. Kay, there
t itill '(Jlaturbed them
found hidden in their
■a the corn they had
when t!ie fomine itill
iity forced them, JaCd>
lend Benjamin with bii
wai no returning into
rith what they had pro-,
y growing every day
ig It of hiin, he bad no
III preiCnt circumitan- '
I of a bold temper upon
m mindvery freelrto
scome him to be amid
ir to luapect the wont,
uld be done to his son
t God, which muit alio
hough he were at home
not to Condemn them
tion i- nor deprive them
they might nave from
able fear about bii aoa
ike care of the preaer-
f attempting to liinder
eoii aboutd periib. He
id for him, and laid 'he
m back to him>lfi1%H>r.
kis own life." '^So tbkl
nuadcd,"and delivered
the price of the .corn
iients to Joseph, of the
lan, balaam,t and roiin,
; which I have Mpptiedbi
I have bhherto mpeiMl
Judea, and the tarpentiae,
Lchap. vi. MCI.4L
i;
•t alio turpentine, ami honey. Now their f-ithrr
ihed many team at the ilcpurture of hl»aon«, u»
well an tlieiiiaelvea. Ilii conocrii »va«, thiit he
might K'ccive them b .cli aRnin cafe nfter their
'uurney; and their concern waa, that tliey luiglit
inil their father well, and noway afljicted with
grief for them. And thia lanunlnliun laated a
whole day; id that the old man ivaa at Inat tired
with grief and atayed behind ; but tliey went on
their way for Kijfyiil, endenvoring to niiiigate
(heirgriej for their present iniafirtuuoa, with the
hope* of better aurceis hcreal'ler.
6. Ai ipon"t* they came into Kgypt, they were
hi-ought down to Joaeph. Btit here no (iiiall fear
diaturbed them, leat they ahould be acCuaed
about the price of (he com, aa if tlicy had cheat-
ed Joaeph. They then made a long apolpgy to
Joieph!a ateward ; and told him, that when they
came home they found the money in their aacln,
and that they had now brought it along with
them. He aaid he did not know what they
meant; lo they were delivered from that fear.
And when he had looacd Sym^on, and put bim
into a handsome habit, he.auA'ered him to bfl
with hia brethren; at which time Jnirph cnnie
from hia attendance oil the king. So they offered
him their presents; mid ^ipun bis putting the
question to them about their lather, thuy answer-
ed that they found hiui well. He, also, upon hi«
diicovery tnat Benjamin was alive, asked whe-
ther this waa their younger brother, for he hud
aeen hini. Whereu|ion tnev said he waa; he re-
Blied, that the tiod over all waa hia protector,
ut when hia aflection to him made him alied
learai he retired, desiring he might liot be aecn
in that plight by biajii-tthren. Then Joseph (ooki
them to supper, and they were aet down in the
same order as they used to ait at their futlier'n
table. . And although Juaeph treated- them all
kindly, yet did he send a mess to Benjamin that
wai double to what the rest.of the gueata lied
for their ahares.
7. Now when after aunprr they had compoaed
themaelvea to aleep, Joaeph roninianded hit
ateward both to give Iheni their niraauna of
corn', and to hide its price again in thenbcka;
and that withal they ahould nut into.Bei^niin'a
lack the golden rnp out of which he loved hini-
icirto drink. 'Wtiich things he did in order to
make trial of his brethren, whether they would
•tand by Beniaiiiin when he ahould be accused
of having stolen the ciip,':Bnd should appear to
be in danger; or whetherlhey would le»ve him,
and depending on thnr own innocenry, go tu
their father without him. When the aervant had
done aahe was bidden, the sons of Jacob, knowing
nothing of all this, went thc<r way,aiid took Syiue-
on along with them, and bad adouble caused joy,
both because they had received bini again, and
because they took back lleiijaiiiin to tlieir fattier,
aa they had proiuiacd. But preacntly a troop of
lioraeincn eiicompaased theiii, and brought with
them Joaeph'a servant, who had put the cup into
Benjamin*! sack. Upon which unexpected attack
of the horsemen they were much disturbed, and
naked what the reason waa that they came thus
upon men who, a little before, had been by their
lord thought worthy of an honorable and hoa-
pitable receptioni They replied by calling tbeiii
wicked vretchea, who bad forgot that very hos-
pitable and kind treatment which Joiepli had
given them, and did not acruple to be iinurious
to him, and to carry off that cup out of which be
had, in ro friendly « manner, drunk to them; and
not regarding their friendahip with Joseph, no
more than the danger they ahould bt in if they
wen taken, in coropariaon of the ui^uat gain.
Hereupon he threatened that they should he
pubishid) for, though they bad escaped the
knowledge of him who was but a servant, yet
they had not escaped the knowledge of God,
■or had gone off with what they had stolen; and,
after all, asked why wo come upon their t aaif
they knew nothing of the matter; and haloid
them llml they ahdirld iniiuedialely know it by
their piinlahnTent. .Thia, and more of the same
nuturv did the aervant aay, ill way of reproach
to Iheiu: bi)t they, being wholly ignorant of any
thing here thht coiireiiied them, liiught^l at what
lie SHid, and wnndcre;! at the abusive language
which the aervant eavv them, when he waa ao
hardy osto arcu«i! tnooe M/ho did not before so
much ns retain the pricenf their corn, which was
found ill their sHckii, but bniught it Hp;ain, though
nobody else knew ol' niiy aiicfi thing; so far were
they from otti ring any injur)- lu Joseph volunta-
rily. ButPalill, supposing t|iat a searrli would be
n more sure ju>tilicntiui| of theiiist Ivea than their
own denial of the iHit, they liiil liini aeiirch Ihein,
and tliat if any of thrni hud been guilty of the
thcfl, to punish them all; for, bving noway con-
scidua to -themaelvea of any ciriiiie, tliuy aimke
with itaaurupce, anil, as they tliouglit, witliout
any danger to tlietiiselvea al»o. The aervants
desired there might lie a aeurCh made; but they
said, the pnniahment sliould extend tii bim alone
who ahould be found (cuillyjlihe theft. So they
made the aearch; and haviiiif atnrrhed all tbf
reat, they came luat of all to lienjilniin, aa know-
iiig it waa Benjamin's sack in whiih they had
hidden the cup; they liiiv-iiifT inileed aearched the
real only for a ahuw of accurHry: ao the ijesl
were out of fear fur themaelves, and were
now only concerned about B.eiijaiiiin, but atill
were well aaaurcd^that he would also bi found
innocent; and they reproached- those that came
after them for tlieir hindering them, while .they,
might, in the meanwhile, have gotten a good
way on tbeir jouriicy. But na aoon na they had
eeart'hed Benjuiuiii'a sacki they found the cup,'
and took it froiu bim, and all was changed into
mourning nnd laiiientation. They rent their gnr-
menta, and wept for the punishment which tncir
brother waa to undergo Air lita th'ctt, and for the
delusion they hud put on their father when they
promised they woqid bring Benjamin aafe to
niin. What added to their misery was, that this
nii:lancholy accident came unfortunately at a
time when they thought they had gotten off
clear; but they confessed that thia nii»fortune
of their brother, an well an the grief of their
father. for him, was owing to themaelvea, since it
wus Ihey that forcei^heir futhcr to send him
with them, wlicn he inls averse to it,
' K. The horsemen therefore took Benjamin and
brought him to Joscpli, hia brethren also follow-
ing hiiiij who, when he saw him in ciistody, and
them in the habit of mournera, aaid, " How came
you, vile wretches as you are, to have, sucb a
strange notion of my kiudneas to yciu, and of
Liod's providence, as impudently to do thus to
your benefactor, who in such u noapitabli! man-
ner had entertained you?" . Whereupon they
gave up themaelvea to bn |mniahed, in order to
save Benjamin; nnd called to mind what a wick-
ed enter|)riae they had lieen guilty of againat
Joieph. They also pronounced faini more happy '
than themaelvea, if he were dead, in being freed
from the miseries of this life; and if he were
alive, that he enjoyed thu pleasure of seeing
God's Vengeance upon them. They aaid f irther,
"that they were the pla^^ue of their father, since
tlicy should now add to hia former affliction
for Joaeph, thia other affliction for Beiijanlin.
lieubel also was large in cutting vtheiu u|)oi>
tliia occaaibn. But Joseph diemis^iied them;
for he said they had been guilty of no o,ll'eiice,
and (hat he woiild content mniaelf with the lad's
fiuniahment; for he aaid it was not a At thing to
et bim go fr<;e, for the salie of those who had not
oflended; nur waa it a fit tiling to punish them
together with him who had been guilty of stenl-
ing. And when be promised to give tneni leav*
to go away in safety, the rest of them mtn tua-
:^.
ANTIQUITIES 0? THE JBWS.
.d«r ttttt «oart«ttiition, wid w«« •«« to »y
aothinr on th* nd occpiiftn. Bi't Jud«», "ho
bad p.nu«ded tMt f.th*rto tend the Ud froto
tiro, Wing otherwine tlio a y«>ry bold and Kjive
mao, determined to haianl liimitlf for the pi*»M-
TttiOH of hi» brother. '>Kl» true,"* .Hid be. 'V
KOTirnor, that *e have been very wir ked wiy>
ncard to thee, and on that nccuunt dtierve purt-
itbment; •»«» all of ui may justly be puniiliajj,
althouch the theft were not roniinHt«d by •'!•
hut only bv one of u>, andJie the youngetl aUpi
but jel tHere re maini wine hope fpi n», who
olhenll»e must be under deipnir on li:» (":ct'unl,
and thi» frhm thy goodneM, whidi p" "•"*" '-' *
deliverance out of our ni^ient dangri . ji ml now
I beK thou wilt not lock at u«, oi- at that great
«rimS we have been guilty of., but ct thy own
eictllenl nature, and, take advice ol thine own
virtue, in«tra<l of that wrath thou hint again»t
ua; which pasiion those that othenviiw are qf •
low character indulge, as they do their slrcnrlh,
•nd that not only on great, but also on very triHing
occasions. Overcome, sir. that pansion. and be
not iubdued by it, nor sufT.r it to slay those that
do'not otherwise presume upon their own safety,
but are desirous to accept of it from they, for
thii is not the first time that thou wilt bestow it
on us. but before, whon we came to buv com,
thon affordedst us great plenty of food, nnil pavest
OS leave to carry so nmcli home to our family as
bu preserved them from perishiii» by fainine.
Nor IS there nny flilftrence between notoverlook-
Jiir men that wete perishing for want of neces-
ia?ies, and not punishing those th»tse«ni to be
offenders, and have been so unfortunate as to
lose the advantage of that glorious benefaction
which thoy received from thee. This will be an
fOStance of equal favor, though bi!»towed after
« different manger; for thou wilt save those this
way whom thou didst feed the oth*r; and thou
wilt hereby preserve alive, by thy own bounty,
those souls which thou didst not suffer to be dis-
tressed by famine; it being, indeed, at once a
wonderful and a great thing to sustain our lives
by com, and to bestow on us that pardon where-
by, nov^ we are distressed, we may continue those
lives. And I am ready to suppose that God is
wiUing to afford thee this oppprtiuiity of show-
iMg thy virtuous disposition by b»*P"S "» '""'
this calamity, that it may appear thou canst for-
give the injuries that are done to thyself; and
oiayest be esteemed kind to others, b«sidt« those
vrho, on other accounts, stand in h« ed of thy as-
sistance; since it is indeed p right thing to do
well to those who are in distress lor want of iood,
but still a more glorious thing to save those who
deserve to be punished, when it is on account of
heinous offences against thyself; for if it be a
thmr deseriiUg comniendation to forgive such as
have been guilty of small offences, that tenil to a
peraob's loss, tad this be praiseworthy in him that
^etlooks such offences; to restrain a man's pas-
•ion as to crimes which aire capiul to the Suilty
it to be like the most excellent nature of Ood
himself. And traly, as for myself, bad it not
Men that we had a fathaf, who had discovered,
on occasion of the death of Joseph, how misera-
bly be is always afflicted at the loss of his sons, 1
had not made many words on accounf of the sav iiig
of our Dwn lives; I mean, any farthelr thau as
that would he an excellent character for thyself,
to preserve even those that would have nobo«ly
to lament them When they Were dead, but we
• would have yielded ourselves op to, suffer what-
_■ soever thou pleasedst: but now, (for we do not
'" plead for merer to oorselves, though, indeed.
If we die, it will be while we are young, and be-
* Thia orationaeems to na too large, and too unusual
• dknnion. to have lieeo compoaed hy Judas on tWa
oeeaalon. Itseenwtoaieasiiayhtiidetlamatlonfom-
fora we hare had the enjoyment of life,) hay* M-
gard to our father, and take pity of his old age,^.
on whose account it is that we make these sup-
plications to thee. We beg thou wilt give us
those lives, which this wickedness of ours haa '.
rendered obnoxious to thy punishment; and tbia
for his sake who is not himself wicked, nor does
his bcipg our father make us wicked. He is •
good man, and. not Worthy to have such trials of
hi»patienre: and now w»- arc absent, heis afflicted
with care for us. IJu^ if he hear of our deaths,
and what was the cause of it, he will onjhat ac-
count die an immature death: and the reproachr-
ful manner of our ruin will hasten his end, and •
will directly kill him, nay, will bring him to a
miserable death, while he will make haste to nd
himself out of the world, and bring himself to a
slate of insensibility, before the sail story of our
cml come abroad into the rest of the world: Con- .
sider these things in this manner, although our .
wickedness does now provoke thee with a just
desire of punishing that wickedness, and forgive
itfor ourfallior's sake: and let thy cbmmiserj-
tibu of him weigh more with theethan our wick-
edness. Have regard to the old a«re of our ja-.--
ther, »vbo, if we nt^rish, will be very lonely wAlla
he lives, and will.suon die himsell also. Grant
this boon to the iiaiiie'of fathers, for thereby thou
wilt honoir hiiii that begat thee, anit wilt grant it
to thyself also, who enjo vest already that denomi-
nation; thou wilt then, by that denomination,- ba
preserved of Gt)d, the Father of all, by showing
a pious regard to which, in the case of our father,
thuu wilt appear to honor him who is styled
by the same nunie;' I mean if thou wilt have this
pity on our father; upon tlic consideration how
miserable he will be if he be deprived of his toni.
It is thy part therefore to bestow on us what Ood
has given us. when it is in thy power to take it
away, a"nd so to resemble him entirely in charity ;
for It is good to use that power, which can either -
give or take away, on the merciful side; and
when it is in thy power to destroy, to forget that
thoirever hadst that power, and to look on thy-
self as oniy allowed power for preservation; and
that the more any que extends this power, the
Kn:ater reputation dots he gain to himself. Now,
by forgiving our brother what he has unhappily
committed, thou wilt preserve us all ; for we cannot
thiok of living if he be put to death, aince we
dare not show ourselves alive to our father W'th-
iJut our brother, but here roust we partake qf one
and the same catastrophe of this life. And w
far we beg of thee, O governor, "that if thou con-
drmnest our brolhtr to die. that thou wilt pnn-
ish us together with him. aswrtiiersof his cnme.
I will only leave with thee this one consideration,
and then will say no more, vis. that our brother
committed .this Fault when lie was young, and
not yet of confirmed wisdom in his conduct, and
that men naturally forgive such young (wrsooa.
1 end here, without ailding what more I have to •
say, that in casetliou cpndemnest us, that omi»-
sion may be supposed to have hurt os, and per-
mitted thee to taliethe severer dde. i Bat in case
thou settest us free, that this may be ascribed to
thy own goodnert, of which thou art inwardly
conscious, thatythou freest us from condemna-
tion; and tharnot by barely^preserving us, but
granting us suih a favor as will ma£e us ap-
pear more righteous than we really are, and by
represciitiat to thyself more motives for our de-
liverance tlih we are able to produce ourselves.
If therefore thou resolvest to slay him, I desire
thou wilt slay me in his stead,.aiid send hiro back
to his father; or if tho« pleasett to retain b»
with thee at a slave, I am fitter to labor for thgr
of oratory, that lay by bin, and whieb be tkongbt fit
t(finiertoathiao«aasfoii. See two inOTe auchspeaehw
or declaaatloM, Aaliq. B. *!. en. xIt. sect, a
faaed foraierly, in tka peiaoa of Judaa, ana ka the Wiy^
BOOK IL— CHAP. VII.
M
!ntoMlfe,)ti>v*M-
pity of hi* old •(•.
ie iiiake th«M liip-
; Oiua wilt giTc ui
ird'iu'M of oun hu '.
iiiiisliiiient; tod thii
If wicked, nor doc*
B wicked. He i« •
3 hnve such IriiU of
sbu'iil, he it afflicted
heur of our deathii
t, he will on4hat Bc-
I : and the reproachr-
haitrn hii end, and
will brind him to a
ill make haito to rid
d bring hiniielf to ■
the gad stoTT of our
; of the world.' Con-
lanncr, although our .
)k$ thee with a juit
:kcdne9a, and fori^ive
let thy commiacra-
1 theethnn our wick*
le old age of our (a- -
be very lonely wbtte r^
bimiell aUo. Grant
lers, for thereby thou
bee, and wilt grant it .
; already that dcuomi'
hat denomination,' b«
er of all, by showing
the cate of our father,
r him who ii ttyled
if thou wilt have tbn
le conaidcration how
! deprived of hia tooa.
>atow on ua what God
thy power to take it
m fntirely in charity;
wer, whicn con either -
! merciful aide; and
leatrOy, to forget that
r, and to look on thy-
for preservation; and
ends thia power, the
;aintohimaelf. Now,
fhat he haa unhappily
veuaall; for wc cannot
it to death, aioce we
ve to our father Tvith-
luat we partake of one
of thia life. And to
:mor, that if thou con-
s that thou wilt pan-
9 partuera of hia cnme.
thia one Conaideration,
via. that our brother
^n he was young, and
im in hia conduct, and
e auch young penon*.
r what more I have to -
lemoeat ua, that omii-
liivehurt at, and per- '
ercrdde. i Bntinctttc
lia may be aKribed to
ich thiou art inwardly
9t ut from condemna-
ely^preaefvirir ua,bul
' aa' will mate ui ap- '
we really are, and by
>re motiyea for our de-
! to produce ouraeWea.
t to tlay him, I deiire
eadt.and tend him back
pleaiett to retain bia
1 fitter to labor for thgr
and whleb lie tkooght Ut
■e two MOie auchtpeaehw -
i.ea.xlT.aaet.4;
foCe I know that
cspcctation,
ur brother, I
ou aeero to
to hate you
rather return
■deanlam ia that ciMeitT. and, as thoa aecat,
am better prepared ftfr eHher of thoae auffer-
iMt."* So Judat being very willing to ufld"-
aoaov thing whatever for the deTlvermce of hi*
Brofher ca»t himtelf at Joaeph'a feet, and ear-
neatly labored to attu*r»';ahd pacify hit anger.
All hia brethren alto fctt down before him weep-
ing, and delivering themtelvet up to dettructioti
foi the pretervatioB of the life ol Benjamin.
9. liut Joaeph, aa overcome now with hi* af-
iectiona, and no longer able <o peupnate an angry
roan, commanded an thatjrere Aent to depart,
that be might make hioiacH known to hia breth-
ren «)i«> ""'y were alone. And «'hen the rctt
were^oric out, he made himtelf known tohit breth-
ren, and taid, " i commend you'foryour virtue and
your kindneaa tu our brother; I find you better
men than I could have expeptcd from whnt you
contrived about me. Indeed, I did all thia to try
your love toypur brother; ao I believe you. were
nut wicked Dy nature', in what you did in liiy
caar, but that all haa happened according to
Ged'a will, who4iai hereby procured our ewoy-
mentof what good thiiiga wo have; and if we
continue in a lavorable di*nfaition, of what we
hope for heteafter. Si
our father A aafe ana>
aM 1 aee /ou ao 4ell diiq
will no longer remenibC
have had about me, but
for that your wickcdiieaa;
rou uiy thanka, that you have concurred with
the intentiona of God tf bring thing* to their
{ireaent atate. I would iMTe you alto rather to
orget the same, tiiice that imprudence of youra
It coiile to auch a happy cbnclution, than to be
iineaty and bluth at thote your oHicncet. Vo
not ther^ore let yoi|ir eVil intentiont when you
condemned me, and that hittcir remorte which
. .might follow, be a grief to you now, becauae
thote intentiont v^re fruatrated. Goi therefore
Jour way, rejoicing in what haif happened by the
ivine providence, and inform your father of iti
Wt he ahould be apent with caret for you, and
.deprive me of the roott agreeable part of my
felicity; I meaoi leat he should die before he
comet into juy tiglit, and enjoyt the, good (hingi
that we now have. Bring tnerefore with you
•ur father, and your wives and children, and all
your kindred, and remove your habitation hither;
for it it not proper that the perMnt deareat to
qie ihould live remote from me, now niy affairs
are ao proaperoua, eapccially when they muat
e^ure live more yeart o* ftniine." When Jo-
seph bad said this, he embraced his brethren,
who were in tean and sorrow. Buttbe generous
Oiindnett of their brothA seemed to leave among
them no room for fear lest thry should be pun-
ished on account of what they had consulted
and acted against ' him. And they were then
feasting. Now the king, as soon os he heard that
Joseph** brethren were Come to him, was ex-
cee4ing glad of it, at if it had been a part of his
own good fortune; and gave them wagons full
of corn, and gold and silver, to be ronvcvrd tq
hia father. Now when they^ had receivoif iiiorc
of their brother, part to be convlsyed to their fa-
ther, and part at free gifta to every One of them-
aelvea, Benjamin having still more than the rest,
they departed. '
CHAP. VII.
n* Removal ofJoitph'i Father, mtk M hi$ F«-
mi{y, (0 Atiii, on account^ Me Famtnt.
}1. As soon as Jacob came to know, by his
toli*' returning home, in what sta^ Joseph vras,
that he had not only escaped death, for which he
ouinung, but that he Uved in
lived all along ila mouinung,
*In allthlifpeeebor Jadas,we mavoi
Jfla«»lw»at»l «upiie»*d that death wa« Uw mmWiaaant
splendor and happinett, and ruled ov«r Egypt >
jointly with the king, and had entrusted to hia >
care almost all bis aBairs; he did pot think any <'
thing he was told to be incredible, coiitiderinK i'
the grratnca* of the works of God, and his kiiid-^'
nets to him, although that kindness had, for soma
late times, been intermitted; so he immediately
and tealously aet upon his journey to him.
2. When he came to tlie well of the oati .
(Beersheba,^ he oHi'red sacrifice to God ; ajld
being afraid that the hapfiinms there waslin
Egypt nnght tempt his potterily to fall iii leva
with it, and lellle in it, and np more think ofn
moving into the land of Canuuii, and potset/ing
it, at God had proinited them; aa also hiing
afraid, lest if this drscrnt into Kfry|)t w<!f« liads
without the will of God,' his family might ba de-
stroyed there; out of fa kr wlthal, lest ne shluld
depart this life before ne>aiiio to the siehlof
.Joseph, he fell asleep, revolyQig these douDtain
hit mind.
:). But God ttood by him, and called to him
twice by hit name; aud when ho asked who he
was) God said, " No, suie, it is not just that
thou Jacbb shouldst be unacquainted with that
God who has been ever a protector and a helper
to thy forcftithera, and after tlirni to ihyiielf: for
when thy father would have deprived thee of the
dominion, I gave it thee: and by my kindness it
was, that when thou Wast sent, irno Mesopotamia
all alone, thou, obtainrdst good wives, 'and re-
turnedat with many children) and much wealth.
The whole family haa alao been in-eai-rved by my
providen<j9 ■■x' it waa I who conducted Joseph
thy ton, w^pm thougnveHup for lost, to the en-
joy nient of great Jirosiierit} . I also made him
Lortl of Egypt, so that ne di'fiers but little from a
-king. Accordingly I come now as n guide to thee
in this Journ^; and foretell to thee that thou
shall die in tne arml of Joseph; and^ inform
thee, that thy posterity shall be many ages in
authority'and ^lory, and that I will settle them
in the land which 1 have promised them."
4. Jacob, encouraged by this dream, went on
more cheerfully for Egypt, with hit sons, and all
belonging to them. Now they were in all seven-
ty, louce indeed thought it bint not tu set down
the names of this family, especially 'because of
their difficult pronunciation, [by the Greeks,] but
upon the whole, 1 think it, necessary to mention
those names, that I. may disprove such aa believe
that we came originally not out of IVlcsonotainia,
but.are Egyptians. N ow Jacob had twelve sons;
of these Joseph was come thither before. We
will tltereforc set down the names of Jacob'*
children and grandchildren. ' Rcubel had four
sons, Aikoch, Phallu, Assaron, Charmi. Symeon
had six, Jamuel, Janlin, Avod, Jachin, Soar, Saul.
Levi'had three sons, Ofersom, Caatb, Merari. Ju-
das had three sons, Sale, Phares, Zerab ; and by
Pharcs two grandchildren, Esrora and Amar. I(-
sachar had tour sons, Thola, Phua, Jaaub, Sama-
ron. Zabulon had with him three sons, Sarad,
Helon, Jalel. So far is the posterity of I.ea; with
whom went her daughter Dina. These Dr«
thirty-three. Rachel bad two sons, the one of
whom, Joawh, had two sons also, Manasseh and
Ephraim. ^e other, Benjamin, had ten *ont,
Bolaii, Bac^kar. Asibel, Gems, Nnaman', Jes,
Roa, Momphii; Opphis, Arad These fourteen
added to the thirty-three, before enumerated,
amount to the number forty-aeven. And thia waa :
the legitimate poaterity of Jacob. He had bearde
by Bilha, the handinaidof Rachel, Dan and Napb-
tbali, which last had four ion* that followed hioi,
Jesel, Guui, fssari, and Sellim. Dan had an only
begotten son, I'si. If these be added to those be-
fore mentioned, they complete the number fifty-
four. Gad and Aser vrcre the *on« of Zilpha, wn*
I
that artlieft<nB«ypt,lntlMdaveorj(Meph.lhoa(btta(r-
— • •twaaaoamonttheJeweby thelawof r '
^•^
•f-
ANtlQUITJESDF THE JEWS.
■i
ESDI
inAd
WM the hinidm«i4oC|y*- Th»wi h«d with thai
Uait ttiika, SiiphodlB Aueiis ^uiiii, Aiiibui
. Aerin,' Kroctf, ArMitllMr hiTtl^ cltughrHir Sarah,
and SIX ^im<c vhililrAIr, whoan iiudkii ^ero J>>iaor,
liuf, Iwii, Barit, Abur, and MetchiKl. If weVid
theii;, yhlbli' ara liiitecn, to the fiftjr-ibitr, tn«
toreniciitiuned number (teveiity) ii coqii|)leted,
Jaculi* not beinar hhuielf indiided in that huiii-
ber. - . ■ , .-jL . .
A. When Jomph undrf^nlbd tlrat bia father wat
:oniin)(, for Ju<)n> bit brother via* conic bcforis
him, nii.j informed bilii of his approach, he went
out to iiixiri him; and tliry met together at lie-
jwipfilia. -Uut juKub alnioit fainted arnay at thii
unciiiectml ^mi (^rcatjuy; h^c«rr, Jbaeph re'
viyecl him; bring yet not himself lible to contain
from htiii^ uAcled in the aamo lilanner, at the
piltasure he now had, yet waa he not Jwbolly
overd'oiiie with his iwssion, aa hi* father was.
After tills, he dcsireil Jacob to travel on slowly,!,
but he hiiiiirelf tupk five of hisbrcthrru with him',
apd niuilc bliste to the l^ing, to tell him- that Ja-
cob and bis family were^coiiit, Wnich^ was a joy-
. till hisiring to him. He. filsu bid Juoeph tell hiin
what »<tit of life his h^rethrcn. loved to lead, that
he might k'i^A thlm leuve >tq follow the saiiie.
Who iiulcMiiin thej' were good shenberds, and
bad been oaeij (o fQllow no other eniploynient but
tbia uluur/ Whereby he provided tor them, that
they shuuMnot be icparaifed, hut live in the same
place, nud trike care of their father; ns aUo'h«re-
by bfc provhled, that they migirt be acceptable to
the Egyptians, by doing nothiim that would be
'. commKii to them with the Egyptians; for the
,' Egyptians are prohibited to meddle with the
. feednijkj|£ shcep.f ,' s
i: VVnn^acob was conic to the king, and sa-^^
*iluted. hiii(rlit.W''hcd all prosperity to hia go»
y tdmmeiit,. L'hontoh asked him how old be now
waa7 njipn- whose answer that he was a ht/h-
dmd and thirty years old, he admired Jacob on
Bcconnt ofmie length of his life./ And when be
had added; that still hd.hnd notliveil so long aa
hit forufathers, he ga^ him kave to live with
hia children in Ileliopblia; for in that city the
king's shejfihenis had^ their pasturage.
7. However, the famine increased among the,
Egyptians ;„ and this heavy jtidgment ereiy more
oppresiiivc'to them, because neither did the
river orerllow tbe.grouDil, for it did not rise to its,
former height, nor did (Sod send rain upon it;)
nor did th*})' indeed make the least pnivision for
theiuselvi'iv,' so ignorant were they wlnit was to be
done; but Ju8e|$ lold them corn fur their money.
But when their money failed them, thev bought
corn with tliVir cattle, and thejr ohves nud if
any of them had a small piece of land, they gave
up that tu purchase them {onCuhy which incaha
tbe king became the owner oColl their substance ;
and tiiey were r'einnted soma to one place, and
some to an 4hefi that so theAposiieaBion of their
country nilghr be firmly afforded to the king; ejt-
daad this acre famine mkde their mindi, ai ir«M
aa. their Bodi«a, alaV«a:j^nd Molengtb eompelled
them to nroeuro'"a aunkiency of food by atick
diahoiiorable ipenna. Hut when tbia miaarjr
eaased, and th« river overflowed the ground, and
tbe ground hroup;ht^ forth its fruits plentifully,
,Ioarph came to every city, anil gathered thelieo-
pliS Thereto belonging to^ithrr, ajid gave tnem
back entirely lhe4and which, by their^own ron-
aent, the kiiig might have pO'sessed
alone enjoyed tbe fruit* of it.
itoncr, and
He ulan exhorted
them to' look on it as every onj's own posaea-
aion; and to fall to thrlr husbiindry with cheer-
ia f^iesa; and to pay as a tribute to the kinff, the
e- J|ih{ prt of the fmiti^for the Ifyid whkn,the
in !lnng wbel'' it wai hia own /estored to them
These men rejoiced upon their hcconiing nnex
pecteilly owners of their lands, juiildilie'^ntly ob>
tjmneii what waa enjoined ttiem. A|^ by thia
imana Joseph procured to himself a gTrntv'r au-
thority among the Kgyptiana, and greatrr-tov^
to th^ kiqg frohi them. Now thi< law, that thejr
should pay the 6ftb part of their fruita v tribote,
continued until their latter kinga.' '.-^ ^ .
(CTiAP. vin. .^^ r^^^
Of the dtath of Jacob and Jojgth.. > *
J 1. Now „whcn Jacob had^^Tved aeventeen
yean in^£gypt, bc'^ell into a disease, ami died
in the preseilcAof his sons; but not till he made
liis [(riiyers forlheir enjoying prosperity, and till
Ira had foretold to them nrophetically hoi^ every
one of tliein was to dwell in the landf of Canaan.
But thia happened many ycaf* afterwards. He
also> enlarged upon the praisea of Joaeph;|| hoHr
he had not remembered l^e evil doinga of his
b|rcthr'enjtb theicdisadvantiige; nay, on the con.>
tiTiry, w^a kind to\beiii, bestowing upon them so
many benefits, ns acldom are bestowed upon '
men's own benefactors. He thrncommandea hia
own sons, that they should admit Joseph'! apns,
Kphraimand Man.isseh into their number, and
divide the land, of Canaan in common witbthci^i:
concoriiiiig whom we shall treat hereafter. How-
ever, he made it his request, that be might be
buried at Hebron, ^ohe died, when he bai lived
foil a hundred and fifty years, three only abated,
having not been 'fitbind any of his ancestors in
piety towania God; and having siinh a recom-
pense fur it, aa it.waijfit tTiOse should hhve who
were so good aa these were. But Joseph, by the
king's, permission, carried his father's dead body
to Ifebron, and there buried it at a great ec-
pense. ^ow hia brethren were at first unwilling
to return hpck with . him, l»€Cau»e they Were
afraid, lest, now., their father was dead, be should
ndici^h th^i fot>tb('ir secret practices against
liim, aincebe was nov»' gone for whose aake he
had been so gracious to them. Rut he persuaded
them to fear no harm, and to entrrtoin no suspi--
ctons of him; so he brought them alonn; with
ceptin^ tliAands of the priests, for iJit-ir country him, and gave them great'posiisBions, and ocvc-
rontiniicd still in their own pessessJMi. A nil iu- left off his particular concern for them.
* All the Greek copies of Jsaenhns have the neeatfTe
parlirle here, thai Jiruh liiinsetr was not reckoned one
ofthi! Tflsoubi tbot riinic into Eej-pl; hut the old lintin
ropie* wr.nt it, and directly assure *■" he wu one of
them. It is tlicrclbre linntly rertalii which of these
tTgaioiie'.ihus'giruereiitlbiC, aiiire the numher 70 is
made kip wHIifliit him, If we reckon Leah for 6ne, lait
ifBlich<( not reckoned, Jacob must himself tie one, to
complcti the nuin'^r.
t Joscphiis tliougtit'thDt.llic EKvptians hateil or dai-
' plied the employment of a sheplierd in the days of.
Jnaepli; whereas Bishop Cnnihcrlnnd has shown that
they rntlier liHtcdsiicli Phornician or Cunannite shiep-
Keraasalindlonj enslaved the Bgyptiana of old time.
8ee Ilia Biinehoniaihq, p: 361, nns. .
] ReLmd Imre'puM the quKMion, now Joeephus real4
ebmplain of it* i\pl raiiiinif in Etyptdurins tills famine,
i>iiil«ll.iia nnenty'iHitm,t!ia' it n"">r dw-a naturally
nhove the Delta, whirbi* railed EfvM in the atrtcteal
jienae; but lliat In the nelt»iand biteltnaoiiuence in the
Dbwer Eiypt adjohiinii to itjlrifid of old, and still 40B*
rain Mmetiaiie*. Bee the note on Aiilk]. B. Hi. cb. ' .
Bect.8. ; (
$ Josephua iiinposes, Ihnt Joaeph now restored the
E2y|ilinhsthelrl!indsB7Bin,upon the payment of nflfth
pnrinstrihiite. \llneeinstoinc ratliertlKiitheland wn*
now considered n* i*llnriioh'sland,andAliis(in!i part as
its rent, to be paid to Idin, ea he wna their landlord, and
liicy Ilia lenams; aiid that the lands were not pjroperlv
reatored, and thia fifth part raaenred n* trihate m\jf, iSL: ■
llie day* of 8ewMtris.\ 8ee Eaaay on tlie Uld TeatttmeaCT''
Afipend. J4H. 149. \ .. . «
II Aa totbhiimromittm upon Joseph,iopreparntoryto> ',
Jiiroh<i adoMinit RphrMn/and Mannach into hia owa
family, ami to he udmitted for two trll>ea, Wbieli Jo-
sephus har^ iweiitloiis. alKoiir eopic* of Cencal* 6iBtt It,
latji flilire? Hiaanmei i*,tlial when ttie anricnia deny
ilMi k,ralM In E|ypt,UMr only maun tbe Upper Bfypi
c h; itvilll lior do we know\wlif net lie took U, or wl,«lli-
erUteootliiiowDcnbcUyhiiientonlr- X
i.
BOOK n.-CHAP. IX.
tbiir mindf , ai irall
(olcnirth eonipclM
y lit fuoil by nick .
whrn thii miaary
'cil thr ground, and
fi fruit* plitntirulljr, ^
I ^athernd the~neo- *
icr, ajul K"^* '■>*■><
,ljy their own con- '
intntd alnncr, and
Vf. ulio axhortcd
onf '• o«Tn pouCt-
ibnntlrj- ivitli cheer-
utc to the l(lnc, the
the Ifyid whicli,the
I jS-ntored to them
cir hcroniing nnex
D, juKldilie'ntly ob<
irni. Aju l>y this
n»tlf a grentt'r au-
■« and greatrr-tov^
' thi< law, that thcjr
lejr fruit! n» tribote,
ingi.- ■ ■■- ,■ >■
and Jojffh.. > «
M\y1iyt<i seventeen
n disease, and died /
ut not till he niade
; pro9|)crity, and till
hrtirallv noi^ every
the landf of Canaan,
ifs afterwards. He
» of Joseph ill hoir ^
evil doings of his
e; nay, on the con->
awing iipQn theni.so
ire bestowed uneh '
then romnianded h{s
tlniit Josrph's sons,
their number, and
common withlhci^i:
At hercnfter. How-
, that he might be
.1, when he hai lived
three only abated,
of hi* anncDtors in
ing siir.h a recom-
)se should hhve who
Hirt Joseph, by the
» father's dead body
cl it at a great ce-
re at Grot oowilling
iKcauKC they Were
wa« dead, he should
t practices aeainsi
for whose sake he
Rut lie pcTsaadcd
I entertain no suspi- -
t them along with
siissions, and iktc* ,
for them.
B(vM in the strictest
UMnnsoiiiience In the
fid of old, and still <loiM
in Antiq. B. iii. cb.
I
leph now restored the
I the payment nfn fifth
itlier t!K>t the l,iiid was
d,andAliis(in'i part as
rns their landlord, and
nds wen- not properit
rednatrlhute«ftly,tfir -
on tlie Old TeMimeajjr*'-
seph.sopreparntorytO' ,
Innnach intik liii owa
two trll>es, which Jo-
lies of Cenwls omit It,
elMtookUiOrwUUi-
•€■.
t. Joseph also diad »i*«n he had li«»d an huii-
dred and lep^yearsi having b«f n a "l'»>v of admi-
rable virtue, and conduclin(5 all his. affair* by the
mica of reason; and used his aulhtirity with mo-
deration, which was the cause^f (us so great ie-
licily among the tgyptians, even "!>«»' !«?,""•
ffoni. another eountry, and that in suvh, ill. cir-
cumstances also as we have already J""'»««-
AI length his bretlircn died, after they V^ ""a
haprtly in %ypt, Wow the posterity and ^ns
of "these mail, after some time, carried their no-
dics, a"nil.1iuried theiii at Hebron: but as for the
bones ol''Jos«(rtii they carried them into the land
ol'Cimaali Wterwm^, when the Hebrews went
• out of iKgypt, for so ha(V Jo»i-^)h made them pro-
mise him upon oath. Hut what liecameof evfry
one uf thvsemen, and by wh«t>ils (hoy got the
iSMsessloo oTThe lonil ot C|iiwan. shall be showe(}
hereafter, when I have first explained lipoB wha^
account it wa» that they left Egypt. ».
■;' ■ CHAP."-' ;'
Conesminr tKe Affirtioin IM b}/itt th/H*-
brtteiiHKgypl.UuringJburkunJrtdyV'rf*
J 1. Now it happened that the Ilgyptiaiia grew
delicate and lasy.as to pains-takine.^nd gave
themselves up to other pleasures, and in pivrticu-
lar to the love of Rain. They also bceame very
iii-atrected toward* the Hebrews, a» touched with
envy at their prosiferlty i for when.thry saw how
the nation>of the Israelites flourithed, and were
become eminent alreadv.Jiii jpjfn'y of wealth,
which they had acquirM bjr-tMr vi|tue and na-
tural love of labor, they thought their increase
. wai (0- their own detriment. 'And having in
length oftime forgottin the beneSts they had
received from Joseph, partjtulatly the crown bsf,
ing now come into another' family, they bec;iMi«
very abuti^e tp the Israelites, and contrived niany
ways of afflicting tjien^l for they enjoined them
to cnt« great 'hnmbec'of chan»jls'^(or the river,
and ii> budd walls fQ>' thcrr> cities and lamuarta,
titat tKev might res;ti«ih.the river, aJid hinder its
waters from stagnating, upon its funning over its
own banks: they .set them also to build pyi^-
mids,i and by all this Wore th^m'oiit; and forced
them to learn air sorts of mechanical arrts,and to
accustom thdmselvVs to hard labor< - And foiu^
■ hundred years did tlt^y .i^iend, under these afflic
tions; for they strove ont 'against the other »ybich
diould get the' iiiasturj', the l^yptians .desiring
to ifestrov the ^Israelites, by tiiesc'" labofs, and
the Israf/lites desiring to hold out. to (lie end
under them'.
% While thfe affairs of tto Hebrews were in
this condition, there wa's thJMVCcasion offered, it-
itians, whiK jnade them fn^fe
' " One
self to the f.i . . >.
solicitqiis for thi extinction of our mitieh.
oC4hose sacred* scribes,} who are veiat sagacious
ID foretelling future ievepts truly, told the k'ii%,
that about this time there would a child be born
to the Isratlitcs, who, if he were reared, would
bring the Kgj-ptian dSniinion low, and would raise
the Israelites; that he'would excel all men in vir-
-*A«tatlieafflletlonaf Abraham's pgsterity foi' 400
years, see Antiq. B.t.cb.)i. sect: 3. And as to what
• cities they hiiUt In Eiypt under Phnraofi Besostris, and
of Pharaoh 8esostris's,dnntrniiiK In the Red Sea, see
Essay on the Old Test. Appcn. p. 139— 163.
t or this bulldtni! dnhe pyrnmids of Eiypt by tbe Is-
raelite*, Ke Pcrigsontua Orlg. F4iyptiF,.chap. ixi. It is
not impassible they inight build one or more of tbe
amall ones, but the larger onea seem jnucb later. Only,
iflhey lie all bulltof stone, tills does not. so well agree
with the Isrnclltea' laliors, wbicb atesaid to have been
in trtct.flnd notin sfeas, a» Ur. Sandys obaerrai ip
UM Travels, p. 127, 1S8.
{ Dr. Reriinrd Informs Us here, tliat, ImMtd of this
allixic prii»t or prophet of the Esyptians, Mthout-a
name in Joseptius, lli6 Tarmim of Jonathan names the
tw»tamous antaaonlsts nf IMnaes, Isnne s and inmhrea.
I glorr Ih
re*. \Vfe
I would be rtmaabor-
Dt only.
'X
Nj
I* it at all unlikely that it miiiht be one ofthese who
led ao much misery to tbe EgyiitiaiMi, and so'
,8
tne. and obtain/a |
ed through i
by tbe king, t|iat"accordii
lie comniaa
child, who/
river, and destroy i- .
liart midWivM} should watch th« labors
l^eblhcw /Wohien, apd observe*
tl.ose
the offi/e,of midwives I
their ,
bis cbuimanils. He enjoined also, that i^any
parents should disobey biiu, and venture to sp^*
thcjfr male children alive .|| they and their familic* j ."■
ahbuld, be destroyed. This was a severe afllic-
tjoii indeed to those that siiOered it, irat only j.
in they "were deprived of their sons, and while
the* were the |>arents themselves, they were
obliged to be subservient to the destructioii oK,
their own children, but as it was to be sup|wsed
to tenirtb the extirpafion of their nation, whilo
upon the destruction of their children, and their
own gradual dissolution, the calamity would be» .
come very hard alid inconsolable tp them. And
thi* was the ill jtate tliey were in. But no on* _j
can fee too hard for the purnuse of Ood, tho<d;b
he contrive ten thoiisand •subtle devilbcs for tli«t
end. for this child. Whom the sacred scribe Jbrj-
told, was brought up and concealed from'the ob-
servers appointed by the king; and hethatfd^«- , '
told him did not mistake in the consequeni'ea of '
his preservation, which Were broiigti^ to ^ea* ■
after the manner .following. ,1^
3. A man whose name was Artirani, one of the •
nobler sort of thi^ Hebrews, Was afraid for hia
whole nation, lest it should /aij,'by the.wmitof
young men to jbe brought up lieiyafteir; «na wm
very uneasy ■t.it.Tiin wife Ifeibg thth with child,,
and be knew not w'hlit to dp« Ilerfbpon he betook -.
himielf to prayet^Q Ood; and ?ntre4ted bijii td ^
^ave comi^assion on those ibea, who tiad ndWi»« ».•■-
trenscressea the Iaws.«r1iis worthip„iH|d io •!• .
"ford tjianikdelivfranibe' from the mtkeriet they at
that time endured, an(l to rhndet abortive t^eif' *
eliemiea' hopwj>f the destfTuctioa of their natipn.' -
AccordlnglyAod shad^olercy oh Ijim, and Wb»
iiio\ad by his supplicatidn. He stood byfaiusio '.^
his sleep, and exhorted hiin not to de^ir (tf^hit •
future favors. ,' He said further, that he did dbt , «
forget their piety towards hi^, and would always -''
reward them ior ft, w he, had former^ grahttd *
hisfavorto their forebtlrilirs, and riia^ tlieAtn-
creasil froniafew-to so great an^Ititude. He
piit hiitf fn niiad,Sthat when Abfaliuip was come
alonei out of .Mesopotamia into CapiU|D» he had . -
been irmde,hap|^y', not only in other reipects,Dut .
that when'Ms wife was at first barren, she Was
afterward by him eniil>led to conceive secU at'
bare him sons. ''That he (eft to Ishmael and toj'
his posterity the countrv nf Arabia; as also to
ihis sons by Keturali, Ti''o^lQdytis;"a(id to Isaac,
Canaan, ^l[hat-by my assistaiice, said he, he did
great exploits \/t wiir, which, unless you be your-
selves impious, you must still reniember. A* for
Jacoifi he became well kbowa toetrangers-^lso,
t ; ■ ■ '
much bappine
'Hoses.' ■''■■.
$ Joaej^huB is clear that theae nitdwives were EMp<
tians, and not Israelites, asin Our other copies; Irnkh
is very probable, it qot beinn easily to lie'suppoiied.that i
Pharaoh could trust the Israelite nildwlylBatoexcfjqtaso '-
barbarous a coif mahd aewinst their owM nation. C!on- >
suit iherelbre and correct' heiire ogr brdihary copteir y-
Ezod. 1. 10— 3S, Anillndeed Josephusseeni* to hayc< <.
had much completer cQpies of (he Pentateuch, or other
authentic records now loan abOut the birth and actiOMt ', -
of HoMs, than elthei' our Hebrew. Bama^ttan.or 6lreak
Bililni aflbrd us, \vhieb enabled him to be so large apd -,
partlrnlar aliout him, • - '
II Of this grandfather ofBesostris Bameae* theCreat.
who slew the hraejiternfftnts, and of^^lBKriptian Oft^ ' .
**« Mj^}Uk,-rnntM,\n^. ^ My nplnjnn^«jjn|«ti» .»l.l«^ .
' "" *'-~^ * *' '^Id^Ml, Append <»
•^^
ito(he Ifraelitea from the rearini of
recoritaof mankind.oee fissay on the; did
p. I3t, 14S, 147,S17.-«80.'^
-V-»-
:l
54
Al^TIQblTIEa or THE JEWg.
7
,
by lh«' KNitnHt of Ihil profperhy in'wfhlch he
H«e.| mid M\. to hii mm, who caiiie ihlu Kjypt
wU!i no iiior« (hin Mvcnijr miiU, wliilt you arc
BOW bicuniK *bavr (ii hand rati thouMiiif. Know
ther<riiru Ihvt I thiill pruvid* for yiiu rII in con|-
mon what it fur vour rood, 4"' (nrliiulirly fur
Uiyoelf what •hall maital thee fiiniuutj for that
child) out bf dread of whoia'^alivitvthe Kgyp-
tlan> havn doiinied thA Urwiltr uhifdren to di -
lirurlioii, shall be lhi> rbild uf thine, and ihall be
eoni'«ul<'d from thoii« whp waleb todettroy hinii,
•nd trhrn he U brouicht U() in a turnritinr wa^,
he iliall dttlivr r (he Hebrew nation from the/li*'
t«« Ihty are under /roni the Kvyptiani. Hi*
menmry ikall b«- fHinout while tne world laiti;
and IhiD nut only anionR the Hibrewa, but fo-
rcigiien aUo, All which ahall be the cntsct of
niy favor to thee, and to tliy posterity. He
liuill nlio Inive Hucli a brother, that he thall hiiii-
iclf ohtnin my pridtbood, and h'tiuiMerily •ball
have it after '^iiii to the end of*the world.
4. \\ Inn the vition had informed him of theie
thin|c<, A mrnni awaked and told it to Jocbebed,
wbo wn» hiii wife. And now: the fear inereaaed
upon tbtni on ncrount of the prediction in Am-
mil • dreHni; for they were under concern, not
only for Ihe child', but on account of the Krc>t
hapiiiueji!! (.hat waa ^o come to him alio. How-
«rer, ibc mother'a labor trai auch »• afloHcd a
.coa6rniation to what wk foretold by Uod, for it
wa* not kiiowii (o thoic thaPwatchcd her, by the
M*>ne*( of hci' paint, and beraiito the thi-o<a of
Iter tieliverv Sid not foil upon her with violence.
And now tiiey nduritlitd (he child at home pri-
vately- for tfireu months; but after" that tilTie,
Amrans fearing he uliould be ditcovercd, and^
by f'>Uii)g into the king's diapleaaure. both he
•nil Im thjld thoulH perish, and so tic should
■iBkrr (he proiui^'c uf God of none effect, deter-
mined ratluT (o (rust the safety and care of (he
child to God, than to depend on his own conceal-
mtnt c r him, which he looked upon as a tb'ojS
uncert lih, and whereby both the child >o pri-
vately 10 be nourished, and hiinacif. Would be in
iniuiii :nt danger; but he believed that God
would Vunie- way for certain procure the safety
of the cliild, in order to secure the truth of his
own uiitiictions. Whi'U they bad thus deter-
mined, tiieyiiiade an ark of balrushes, after the
manner of a cradle, nnd of a bigness sulficient
for an liifiint t<r be laid in, without being too
ttraitcnrd: tbry then daubed it over with slinie,
which would naturally keep out the water from
entering between ^he bulrusner, and put the in-
fant into it, and seating it aHoat upon (he river,
they left its iirtservutiun to God; so the river re-
ceived the i:!;ild, nnd carried him along. But Mi-
riam, the child ssi.'ttr; paHned aling upon the bank
over bgaintt him, asibrr mother had bid her. to
lee whither the nrk nould he carried, where God
dcmon^trnteil, tbiit human wisdom was nothing,
but that (he Supreme Being i^bU to ilo whatso-
ever he plinsi's: tliut (hone whi^ in orderto their
own security, condimii others to destruction, and.
use great endeavors abuut_ it, fail'pf tlieir pur-
pose; but (bat others are, in a surprising manner,
preserved, and obtain a prosperous cohdition
\. almost from the very niid^t of their calamities,
those, I mean, whose dangers arise by (he ap-
"poiiitment of Gud. And indeed such a jn^>vi-
dence was exercised in the case of this child, a*
sho« e I the power of God. ^
5 Tliemiuthis \\ is the king's daughter. sRe
was non (i|vrrting herself by (he banks of the
riiNr, bid seeing a cradlu borne along by the
current she sent some who could SHiin, and bid
thciu bring the cradle to her. When those that
were sept on this errand came to her with tlie
cra^le,and she taw the little child.ihe was greatly
In love with id on accQunt of its UrgMCM and
beauty; Iprtiod h*d taken such great cara in lh«
formation of Motes, (ha( he caused him to u«
(bought worthy uf bringing up, «nd umvidioit
for, by all (hoac that had taken th<t lunsl fatal r«-
solutions on account of the dread of Ims nativily,
for the destruction of the rest of the Hebrew na-
tion, Thermuthis bid them bring her a woman
that might atfbrd her breast to tha child; Tct
woAL not the child admit of her breast, but
lurnJd away from it, and did the like -to iiianr
other women. Now Miriam was by when thi»
happened, not to appear to lie there on purpose,
but only at staying (o Kf Ihe child, and aha laid,
" It is in vain that Ihou, O queen, callett Mthcaa
women for ihe nouri*hlng of the child, Who ara
noatay of kin to it; but still \t thou wilt onlar
one of the Hebrew women to be brought, per-
haps it may addhit thle breast of one of its own
niKion." Now since she seeiiiril to spfkk well,
Thcrmuthit bid her procure such a one, and to
bring one of those Hebrew women thai gave
sucli. ^o when she had such authority given
her, (he <!ait|c bark and brought ttioivother, who
waa known to nobody there. And now Ihe child
gladly admitte-l the 'breast, and seemed lo stick
close tp, it; and so it was, that at the qureii't de-
sire, the nursing of the child was entirely in>
trusted to the mother. . . ,
6. Hereupon it was that Thcrmuthit impotcd
(his name 'Moates' upon him, from what ha«l
happened when he was put inWjihe river, for the
Kgyplinns call the water by IhHjMuua 6f,'Mo,'
and such as are ' s«ved out of ^t," by the- nasne of
' Uses;' fo bv putting these JwO word !< to|ethcr,
thay iih|!ioseu the name u|)on him. And ne waa
by (hii confession of all, «ccol;jMng, to Bod't pre-
diction, »« well fur his greatnnt of niiiui, it for
his contempt of diflicuUics, the best of all the
Hebrews, for' Abrabaiii wat hit anct>l.ir of |ho
teventh generation. For Moses waa lUcioB'ot •
Amram,"who was the son of Caath, whoje father
Levi was the sOn of Jacob, who was tin; smi of ,
Isaac, who Was the son of AbraliHm. Now Moses^yl'
understanding brcanic superior (o.hisage, nay, fs*
beyond (hat standard; and when he wu.4 taught,
he discovered greater quickness of ajiprcheniion
tkan was usual at his age. and his actiojps at that
time promised greater, w,hen he should come to.
ihe age ofa man. God did also give him that
tallncss, when he was but tbrev years old. as waa
wonderful. And for his beauty, there was nobo-
dy to Impolite, at when they taw Mosci. thej
were not greatly turpnWd at the-bcatitv of bia
countenance; nay. it litppened I'requently. that
thoie that niirt him at he was carried along the
road, were obliged tolturn a^in upon seeing the
child; that they left frhat Ihey were about and
stood still a great wnle to look-on him. for the
beauty of the chilil wSs so remarkable and natu-
ral to him on nniny accounts, that it detained the
spectators) and made them ttay longer to look
upon him. . ^ -»
7. Theriputhis therefore, perceiving bim to be
to reriiarkable a child, adijpted bim tor her son,
having no child of\her own. And when one time
she had carried Mo^-s to her father, she showed
him to him, and said she thought to make him her
father's s^ccestor, if it should please God the
should have noligitimate child of her own; and
said to hini, " I have brough't up a child who it
of a tti^iqe form,* and of a generous mind ; and
at I bare received fiini from the boubty of the
river, in a' wonderful in-innir, I thought proper
to adopt hint for my son, and the luir ol thy
kingdom." And »hcn lihe had «nid this, the put
\he infant into bir father's hands, so he took
hitii. and hugged him close to bis breast, ^d, on
hit daughter t account, in a pleasant way , put hia
\
/^
*^
M ,
fi
:|fll
I '
■i
M^
i 1
1
(
W
•Whni Jnsephna here sayaof the beauty of Moact. phen saya of the tame liciuty, that Motet was ittali/WI
that be wat »f • iivne/onm. It very like what St. Sle- la thi itgkt »f 0«(, AeU vii. SO.
'%■■-
-. I
i
BOOK lI/-«ckAPi X. .
if III UrgM*M mmI
M-hKrcatcsraliillM
I rauincl him to b«
up, niul iiroTidiaf
an (h<> luntt faUl T\
nitd i>r liii nitWit/,
t of tlin llcbrrw iia-
bring h«r a woiniB
: to tha child; T«<
of h«r bnail, DUl
II the lil(e'-«» luany
wai by when thU
t: Ihcni oi» purpoir,
! child, ai«<lih« (aid,
rrn,call«atfo<th<M
the child, who bm
I y thou wilt pnlar
io be brourlil, p«r-
'. -of ojic of itn own
■iiifnt to ipfiak well,
•uch a one, and tn
' women that i^uve
ch authority given
(ht tho ivnther, who-
And now the child
and ieeini'd tu itick
It at the qureii'i de-
Id waa eutircly iD>
licrmuthi* iiiipoMti
lim. from what bad
iwRhe rirer, for the
' tbsUKUne 6f,'Mo,'
■ ^t," by the- name of
Iwd'wbrdit together,
nhini. Aiidliewaai
irjMng, In (jod'a pre*
nni of iiiliid, «■ for
the beat of all th«
Ilia anotsljr of |ho
D<iea waa llic aoit'of •
Caath, who'e father
»lio wa« tl'.t! ami of
ahum. Now ,Most'i^ '
orto.hiaagc.nay.far
*hen he wuh tauj^bt,
iieas of apprchention
id hia actions at that
I he ahould come to. .
alaO give him that'
ret; yearaold, a* was
uty, there wai nobo-
;y law Moaea, .thej
at thebcautv of bw
led frequently, that
i» cnrriifd along the
^in 'Upon aeein^ the
li«y were about and
bok -on him, for the
rmarkable and natu-
, that it detained the
itay longer to look
-■ --*
perceirint him to be
ted bini tor her ton.
And when one time
r father, ahe showed
ught to make him her
iiild please God she
lild of her own; and
It up a child who ii
generous mind ; and
iin the boubtj of the .
?r, I thought proper
and the heir of thy ,
lad anid this, she put
I hands; ao he took
Io his breaat: ^d,on
plenaiint way, put hi*
aft
iMadero upon bis head ; but Moses threw it down to | tt^e t.gyntiana ii» kill him, ware not nshawcd now
the ground, imd in a puVriU ninud, he wreathed it to own theirwunt of his help,
round, and Iroil upoq it with hia fcrt, which seem- It. Sn Miiai i, at the uerfidaston both nf Thar
■d to bring tilling with it un <-vil pressge lonrerii- niulhis anil the king hiniat-lf, rhierfully uniler-
inglhii liinK<'">" "' '''K)!''' Hul whin the SHcrvd took the hunini'aai andithe siicn-d xrihis of
scribe saw tills, (he wiitthe aaiiii- pt-rsun who fore- I both iiatiiina were glad; those of lh« Kgyptiaus,
told that bis ndtivily wouUI bring the dominion of , that they siioulil at unce ovi-n-oiu* their enemies
this kinipluni lnw,f bo made'a viiileiit attempt to : by hia valor, and that by the sailie piire of
kill hiiu; nml crvuig nut in a I'riji^hlful manner, | iiianageiiii'nl, lUoats womIiI be 'slain: but those
^^ told that bis ndtivily wouui nriiig ine noniigpn oi , mat iney niouiii ai unce ovi-n-iniie ineir enemies
/ this kinipluni low,} bo made'a violent attempt to : by hia valor, and that by the sailie piire of
kill hiiu; nml crvuig nut in a I'riji^hlful manner, | iiianageiiii'nl, lUoats womIiI he'aUin: but those
• he said, "This, <Cf kiP^^ this r.hljil is be of whoiK of lh« Hebrews that limy shonhl eaca|M! faoiu
tiod lurelold, that il we kill him we shall be in the Kgi|itiiin*, heCanw Motes wuf to .lie their
■■w
- '.''jl.
■ ■:*-,
■o danger; he himaiK alliinls an attestation to
the prrdiclion of the same Ihiijg. by hit trampling
■pon thy roverniiitnt. and trenifing upon .thy
diadem. Take him therefore out of the way,
and ileliver the Kgyptians from the fear Ihay aro-
JM about him; ami deprive the H^lin^ws o^the
ho|M! they havA of being rnrourageii by him."
But Tberinuthis preveuud him, and »nitl<li'ail
the child away. . Anil the king wan not liaatMo
slay him, (ioJ himself, whoae pnivi.li nre iir»
tected Moaen, inclining tlie kiilg to s|i!iri> liiiiu
He waa tbi-refureediiirated with gnat ciire. So
the Hebrews depended on him, and were of good
hopes that great things wouhl be dope by hitU;
but the Kgyiilians were mspicioiis of wlml wiiil)d
follow such bis education. Yet because if RJnaeS
had been aluin, there woano one, neitlier akin or
adopted, that had any ornrle on bia aidi- for pre-
len ling to the crowii of Kg)'^, 'ml likely ,lo lie
of grenler advantage td tliem, they abstained
from killing him. *. .
-,. CHAP^X. »,■»:■.;'.;"'
Hhw Molei mods ll^ar with tki Elhiopians.'
I 1. Mwr.*. tliciefere when he was born, aiul
brought up in tlie foregpuing manner, and came
to tire age of niuturily, niadr. hia virtui^ iniiiiilViat
to (he Egyptians; and aKuwed, thnt he naa born
^ for the bringing them <lii|||ii, ami ruiainfr Ihi-
Israeilles. And the orcasion he laid hold pi yiii
this; the Ethiopians, who are next lu-ighborir to,
the Kgyptiaiia, made an inroad inloiHeir cuiintr) ,
which ihey at iii-d upon, and rarri^<>ff_tlii;_e(IV>cti>
of the Kgypliaim, ni\i>, in tlie/r rage, fought
■ y.-
deceived from them, but beigg overcome in bat-
tle, some of them were slain, und the rest rOn
away in a shameful niaiiii>-r, and by thnt menna
saved tbeinselvea, whereupon the Kihiopiliii^ fol-
lowed aftef them in the purfuit, xirl thiiikinp
11
*« against ti.em, and revenged the aflroiills tliejr had ,ilepri\e.l Ihnii of the ho|ie» theyhad of jiuCcfeM
;i WrvivMl rnmi tliriii. i>iii li,>inu-[>,».ri-o,ii*i ill hill, j^'gaiust the KgyptiDUf^ Hiid Went un in over-
crowing Ihiti'r citif<«, andindeiCd niiidc ,m gre«t
&|\ng'it(:r of these lUhiopiuiia. , N'oiv whi'ii the
Egyptian ariiiv had oiice tunfed of lliia p^oaper-
ous' au<-Cii>s!i/ by till- menus nf -Mi^ifi, tht^y did
not oluckcn. their diligi^iH'ei in^oniuch that thv"
Ktiiiopians were in diinjer of being rediircd to
slavery and all sorts of di^atrui'tion.- And jat i
leii|;lh they reliredsto t^iliti, whii'h l^as a royal
t-il^ of lEihiopia,, which Gitiiibvscs aflerwa^rd
nimeil 'Meroe,' lifter the name of hia own sifter
'ihi,»|:hice ivns.lh be lieniegcd with very grc%t
(lltTK-ulty, since it was IkiIii enronipnsved bj the
Kile quite round, lUid the other rivers, Aaliipus
«iid Aiitubuni» nmde it jt veri dlflicult thing' fur^
(hat itwoiild be a mark of ndwunfirA! if tbi-y di
aot siibdue'all Egypt, they went on to sul^lue
the rest with;^i«ater je'ieiuence^ "nJ when they
hud tasted the sweelH ui ilie coiiiitri , « -«-y in ver
left olf the proHecntiou of (he war: ancl as tl e
nearest iwrts had not courage enoii'^h at Srst to
fight with thi-mt tlley proceei!f<l aa far »■! Meiii|jhia,
and the aea itnelf, whilu mit one' o( (he etlics
were able 4o "0|>po«i:.?(heftii. Tha E^ptianjiii
under thia ^d oppn-uion, betook themselves Id , .. ,. _ ,
(hciroraclea an-1 prophecies, and whA Cod hud aucii as Mtciiipted to pas? over ih'eiii; for lli
•KJI
general.. _ Hut Moii\b prevented the HMteniie^, ami
look and'leif hn army beforu those eneinits war*
apprised of his attai-king them: for bu did not
march by the rivlirr but by laiid, where he gave
a wonderful demoiistriitipn of his sagacity ; for
whi^n the ground hhs diirunlt to be |<liii>rif ovti;
because iirthe lupllituilo of serpents, whicli it pro>
)|uces in vu».t,fiiii(^Jrs, and iiu'eed is singular in
wtinnnf thn'siRiirtidiirtions, which other coiintfiet {
do not^ breed, und y< t sncli as' are worsf than i
oth- ri in p<i«ri-vwi)if, misihic-f, and an uHusual i *
Aercenta^ 4>f aiij^ht^snine hf-whtch ;iscend'out of \
the gromii^Hseeit, |ind nho Hy in the atnand ao \
come upon liren. Iit\ unawares, anul .do them • \
i4ii«chief, Mi'isea invt-Wled it woiidertiil alratngnni
fo preserve the urniysaft'iiliitl'witli.. hi hurt, for
-he made baskifls flk« u'tiio a^kii, of aedj^it, ^lai
filleil them with ih'iwtf iiml carried thVi» alpng
with thrni; which ii)^i>iit|f^the greatest enem/
ln!i«er|M-nla iniit;;ititildr, for ttiey fly. |ropl them
when they come lii^r them, «nil,ii(i tliey fly tliey
are caught und devpuri d hy them, as if it w.tra
done t>y the harts; but tlH^ ihes urc tame crea-
tures, and only eiieiiiies to the serpentine kind.
Hut about those. i^tts i say uo Hiofe at present,
since the (irreks arritut. tbeuiselves iiiinrnuaint*
ed.withMliis sort of birdi ■■A.» iW>n tli.i'reforf a*
Mosrs was cpjiio tp''the land'.' w.hicii was the
breeder of 'lhese.*wpenl», he let (O""* 'hc ibcs,
aiii.t by their iiieMr>i;pe||.iid the scrrHntiiiA. kind,
n;i;l usi.'d.-Jlh$!lit for liHvirtsiftiints before the ariiijr
cameiipOii'tiii;.groHMd. VVhep be bad Ihcrrfoixt
procf-edwli Ihtfy on hiii;. Journey, he vti|iie U)mn
the Ethiopians bef ire . tney rji'pected lim'i ; and
joining battle with them, he bent tliein, and
\
Eiven them thi» counsel, to make um of Moaes
the Hebrew, and t'lke his* ns«iatancc, "the Jciiig
cohiiiianded hia daiigl.t^ to produce hint, 'that
be might be the general of their army.* flp.in,
which, wli^ti she h.^il ninite Jiiiii swear he would
jlo him no lianii, sltii'deUysrci^him to the kin-^,
■nd aufippsed hia ustiatance would be of e-r.iiit
advanisiie to them. She withal r«f.ro:;.hed the
\pliC8(s, who, when J[lfcy had before ndmd.iishei*
• TMa history 1)f Moses, as renern! ofthe IJsvntlnca
•frlii,'».tleCr lorlMis.'s wliolli-omittfd h jiV illi ;.*,
bnl "t Is llms rIN-il hy lre<>riis, from jMeiitii.s, niiU tlmt
•oun :-ftcr litsowiiaKe- 'Josei>l unsays J^t -vlie" Miw-s
' Was iiuiiiMlieii in ihe klu-i's ti.ii'ii-e. 'inrnut i»|i)»l:ic(l
gtinerii' or tl:e i.'h.iy «<.ain>>t 'lie Kl' ioiiini. niiit con-
i^nereilllicinrwlien I.e imiri initial Mi., <,lliijlii|.r.<,e
cauw.outnf lier iiii,.i-tioi' i.ir li-in,i!.i- iielii
■ptoblin ' i*,.><>lliePr.i>Mnciitso*'|'c'i'i<U4 ui f.J\ U -a',
$. 41%, Aor pcrliaisi ilHl Bt. Utcplieo refer lo a\ ihinf
\i^» aitnute III a r<''tir<;d iiliice, and was iidmliiteif* i
after tlie iiiannerof an island, being enconipasf
ed with « strong w^ll, uild having the rivi rs4o
guard them fi-om their eneiii'iea, and hHvihg ^rrat
ramparla bctwei'ii tbd' w.ajl and the rivers, inso-
niliclr,' that when the. waters come with the
^^reateat viob-nec it can never lie droi^ucil; which
I'liinpurls make it next to im|M)saible for even
such at are gotten over the nvA%. to take (be
else, Wlien j<eani.d of MhMa,tpforc liewassenlliy Gfl4
'ii 'II" iKni'liti'S f liiii liC tvas not only lenneil in all Ikt
iKinlo^n if the Kgiip'tunt, Nit wks also ikightyin utUt
ini in i'tilit. K'H vil. 'J9.
t fll'i^v Kiteiiksof li.ese lirita called /*««, end stva,
"'i'f.e Ij'.'yiiti.iira involied them against the f>er|asllls'*
Hisi. Nat. Ilouk. ii. ch, ae. tjtralio spealiH of tills tsIaiWI
J f«- ii « , »i i d l! .. '«« r i ver ii j > . «>ayvt un i t Ata te ms , B a wl
kat MoMi WW ttmtiM
0. '^' '
xvi. p. 77], TNi, ami Book xyU. p. evi.
■n^-:va-
AKTIQUrriES of THE nSWB.
city. Howtvtr, wWh M«m* •* onMiy ml th«
wnr'i ly Ug idle, (to' »>•• •••«»"•• durit not coiua
to ■ Mtl«) Ibif MseHiant bapptncil t Tharbia w*»
lb* tlaughlar of lh« king of (ha Kthioniani; aha
buHMoad to aac Moaaa ■« ha latl Iha <rmy naar
tolha walU, and hu%in with (raal conraKa, and
•dinirinK thf (obtlaty of hia HiuiarMkiqKa, and
baliaving him to ba (ha ^(haroftha Ecypdaii
auccaaa, whaft (h»y had bafora daapairad of ra-
covarioK (hair libarljr, and to b« Iha occaiion of
Iha craat dangebjtba Ktbioplaaa wan in^ whrn
(hay had barora boatlfd of (hair craat achiaira-
nanU, ah* fall daaply in |o«a with hlnii and
i apoa (ha pravalmcy of (bat paaalon, lani to
him Iha moat failHrul ofbar aarranU (odiacouraa
with him upon th«i» mamaga. Ha, Ihawupon
acceplad tha offer, on condition aha would pra-
cura (he daliTaring up of the cite; and |a»a h«r
Iba aaauranca of an oath tolaha bar to bia wife,
and (hat whan ha had oaca lakaii poaacMipn of tha
city, ha would not braak bii oath (o bar. No aoon-
cr waa (ha agraamcnt made, but it look cffaci im-
nadiatalyi and whan Moaaa had cut off Itia
Elhiopiana, ha cave thanka to Odd, and eonaom-
Matotf fata marrTaga, and lad Iha ^yptimiback
to (hair own land:
CHAP. XI.
Mm* MoMljUd mn'oflbnrl mfo Midimn.
1 1, Now tha EgyptianAaftar thay had been
rrcaerved by Moaci, antahained a hatrad to
im. and Wera vary eauer In conipataing their
4ealgoa againat hipi. aa auapcrting (hat ha would
lake oc^idn, froo^ hii good aucceia, to raiae a
aedilion, and bring innovatiopt info Egypt} •■><)
told (ha king be djugh( to ba alain. The king
had alad aOine intentiona qf himialf to the
aama nurpMe, ind thi> aa Welt Ojut of envy at hit
^«rid)(**eil>edition at (he head of hit army, aa
: out of'faar of being brougfal ;low by bim; and
beiligiiaa(iga(cd by Ihie lacrad acribea, he waa
reiidy to undertake to kill Motea. But when he
' had'learned befarehlina what plota (here were
agaiptt him, he ^ent away pnTately; and be-
Sauae (he public 'roada were wklcbed, he 'took
It flight Ihrdagh (he deaerta. and where bia eno-
kiiea could not toaprct he would travel; and
tholtgh he waa deatilute <^ food,he wenfon, and
deapiaed that diffi<;ulty cauragedualy. And when
he came to the city of- Midiao, which lay upon
(ha Red Sea,' and waa'to denoiliiitaled from one
of Abmhain'a ionB by Keturah, he tat upon a
certain well, and retted hiniaelf thete after hia
laborioua journey and Iheallialion he had been
in; It 'wBiNnol/itr from the citv; and the time
- of (he (fay waa noon, where- he, nad an occaaion
- 'ered bin by the pn|tom*of thecouo(ry, of doing
" 1 recommended rhia virtuej and affonlad him
■ opportunity of betlerini; hi* cinfumttancca.
% For that country having liul little wa(er,
he ahepRirda uaed to aeiie on (b« wella before
ptherapune, let! their flocka iboutd want w.ater;
knd leal it thould be apent by othera before they
'(fme. There were now come therefore to thia
weH aeT»n aiitera that were rirgini, (hedangh*
fen of Biiguel^ a priest, j»nd one thbogbl worihy
by 'the people or (he coiinUy of great honorr
Ikeae virrina, whdvtook care of Ineir father'a
flocka, which aorl of work it waa ruatomary and
very familiar for women to do in (hecountiy bf
the Trogktdyiei, they cainc (rat o( all, aqd drfw
wafer out uf the well in a ^>antily auAcient for
their flocka into trnugfat, which were made for
the receptloDof that water.' But when tl^; nhep-
herda came upon the maidena, and drove tl^ni
•way, that they niicht have the comn^^od of the
watera tnemtelvea. Motet tbinkinr ,it would be a
terrible reproach upon hiiiy if be overlooked
the man who had a mind 1o mora than Ihaif
ahara, and afforded a iiropbr aaaijttanca to Iha
•vomau; who, aftfr ha""!? raerivrd auch a bene-
fit from him, cania (o Iheir lalher, ami told him
how (hey had bean aflronta<l> hy (he ahr^ardt,
and aaitlad by a atranccr. and rnlrrated tliat ba
would not let (hia ^auarout acdoii be dona in
'vain, Bor go without a reward. Now (lie father ■
took it well from hia dai(ghtara thai (hey weja'
ao daairoua to reward Iheir beaafactor. and Md
(hem bring Moaaa^ into hia praiaoca, <ha( ha
inickt ba nawarilad aa he detarved. And whan
Motet cam^he told him what taalimony hia
daughtara Ha to him, thai ha had aaaialad
(hem; and that aa ha ailmirad him for hia vir-
tue, he taid, that Moaaa had beatowed tuch bit
attitlaiicc on peraont not iitaanaibia of beiicfila,
but where (Jny were both able and willing to re-
turn the kindneai, and even tn-eiceeil (he maa-
aore of bit gcaeroti(y. ^o he made him hia aoa,
ami gave him one of hia dauKh(era in marriaga;
and apiiuin(eil him (o be (he aupcrintrnden( over
hiacaitie, for of old all tha waallh of the bMb«»t-
ana Wat ia ihote callla. -
the yMng women under U"jaat opp'eaalon. and
dioald auffer the violence ol the men to prev.iil
Ofcr tha right of the uaident, h« drove away
CHAP. in.
CoMtvninr ih$ Burning Butk, mnd tki Kod ^
Jlc$u.
(1. Now Motet, when he had obuined Ihe
favor of Jelhro, for that waa one of the naniea of
Raguel, atayed there, and fed ^ hia flock ; b^
aome timf afterward, (taking 'hia i(a(ion a( Uia •
nioun(ain callod Sinai, he drove hia Oockt (hKher
(q,fee(l them. Now (hit It (he highett of all (he
ifiountaint Ihereaboutt, and the belt for pattu-
rage, the herbage being there good; and it had :
not been b«^fur« fed upon, bccuuae of (be opIniM
men had (l)at God d'welt there, the ahepherdi
not daring to atcend up to it. And here it waa
that a wonderful prodigy hajp^pened to -Moaea;
for a flrW fed upon a thorn-huth; yet did the
ereenleaVetand the flowert continue untouched,
and theifire did not at all contume the fruit
branchet, although the flame WU -great and
fierce. Moaea waa affrighted at t^ ^ttrange .
aighl, aa it waa to him; but he waa Mil mora
aalunithcd wheh the fire uttired a voice, an4«
called to him by name, and tpake worda to him,
by which*" it ti|nified to him how bold «>» •«" '
beea in venturing to come into a place whMher
no man had ever4:onie before, becaute lite place
wat divine; and adiritcd him to remove a great
way from (he flame, and to be oontented with
wUt he had aeen; aiid though he were liimtelr
agoiud man, and the offaprini; of great men, yet
that he ahould not pry aiiv farlhtri and he fore-
told to hiiu, (Itat he thould have glory and ho.
nor among men, by the bltnaing of tJotl upo«
him. He alao coniniandetl hiia-otq^ fco away
thence with confidents to t^pt, in ortler to hit,
biiftr the coiuinunder aW conductor of the body
of the Hebrews, and to hit deliveiinK hit own
peoiile fri>iii the Injutiet they auffcred ther*:j
"For," aaid God, "trey thall Inhabit thit happy
land which your fortjfutlier Abraham inhabited,!
and ihall havf the enioyment of all tort* of jjood,
thiiigt; and thou, by thy prudence, thalt cuid* -
them to those good Ihingt." But alilt he enjoined;/
him, when ht- had bio<>);bl the Hebrewt out of
M laud of r{->i)l. to » onn- to (hat place, and to
differ Mirrifii'«tofiiiiiiik«){iv!(ig there. Such were ^
the divine oruclet which were delivered out of ;
thofire. M
2. Will Rli'pt wa» attoHiKhf-d at what hetaw, IZ-
and niuoi inur< at what be beard; and he taid,t
V I think it wonlil be an in«tanrc"of tf# great
ii)Qcini!»t,0 r.on;, for une of that regard 1 '>«■»
to. ilier., tj. (iiflrutt thj power, aince I mytelf
■•NT-
ado r e it. and kiiim that it h a t been m a de manj -
feat 10 uiy prasfc niton : but I niu ttill in doubt
how 1, who am a private man, and one of no am-
-f^
J
Mora ihM ikaif
uaifUnca to Om '
riyril luch ■ )>•■••
lh«r, aiwl tulii hlai
by th« ihr^ani*,
i entreated that ha
action ba dona la
I. Noi« llie fatbar
in that thry wan'
bcoefactur, and bid .
prcuocc, that ba
lenrcd. And whaa
hat tcitiniunjr hit
It ha had aulilad
cd him for hit vir-
bcttowcd iuch hii
leniibla ofbcualUi
i and willing ><> ■**
ifcicceil the maa-
I made him hia aOa,
((hten in niarriagat
mpcrintendent ovar
MtthorUialMrtMri-
BOOK n.-^UAP. XIII.
'"*€-■''
I.
mh, and tkt Rad ^
B had obtainad (be
one of the namca of
fed , hit flock ; but
i;'hit station at tha
ivR hit flocki thither
he hiKhcit of all the .
the best for paitn-
r« good ; and it had ' '
icouie of the oploim
here, tha ihe|iherdt
it. And here it wna
appcned to-Moart;
'n-huth; yet did tbc
continue untouched,
contuma the fruit
jne WM 'great and
ied at t^ itrange
t he wat Mil mora
ttcred a *ule«, *n^>
iipake worda tu him,
m how bold he had" ' ^
into a place whither
», becauie the place
in to remove a great
> be contented with
igh he W<!re liiniaelf
t|r of great men, yet
rarlhtri Hnd he fore-
have ginry and ho>
ItHsing of l>ocl upoa
il hiiiKot^ KO awa^
'.gyiit, in order to hii
uniluRtor Of thebody
• delivering hiii own
they lufl'ured ther*:
ill inhabit thi* happr
Abraham iuhalrited,
nt of all aortK of gooA
rudcncr, (halt guide
• But iitilt he enjoined /
, the H«br«wa out of
■ to that place, and to
)ig there. Such were ^
were deliTcred out of
•h<d at what be law,
beard; and he lai^, '
in'tnnrcof t(|i great
f that regard }ben
iw^r, iiince I myself .
h a i been m a de mani -
Utita, •hoali) either panoarfe my own counirp-'
men to Iruvo the ruiiolty thry auw inlmhil, and
(o follow inn to a land whither I lead tbanii or,
if thry ahduld be (irriuKilrii, how cnn I force
I'harituh (u ^irrmit thrni to depart, linre they
augninil their own wealth and prosperity I9
' the lahort and works thev nut upon tbani."
3. Hut (lod persuaded him In be courageous
on all occBsiuB*, and* promiir<l ii> be with him,
and to Bsstst him in his wonis, when ha was to
persuade men, and in his dee'ds, when ha'was lu
' perfonu wondars. He bid him also to (ake a
siiuiil of the tnilh of what he said, by thniwipg
bis rod U|)on the ground, which, when he had
done, it i-rrpl along, mid was brconie a ser^wnl,
and rolled itself round in its fuhts, ai)d erected
hs head, as ready to avenge itself on such a*
should assault it, after which It becaina * rod
•l^ain as it was before. Aflcrthis, Uo<l bid Moses
pi)t his riyht hand into his (losoni: he obeyed,
and when he took it put it WH white, and in
color likij to chalk, hut afterward It returned
to its wonted color again. Ha aUo, upon (Jod'a
command, took some of this water that was ntar
him, aud (mured II u|H>n the ground, and saw the
, x:olor was that of blood. Ilpfin the sronder that
Moses showed at these signs, Godjtihor^ei) him
lobeof good couruge, andto be asfured thai be
would be the greatest support to him; aad bid
bim make use of those signs la order to obtain
'belief among all men, that tbo^ art tent by me,
and doKt all lhinf|[s according to my comiiandt.
. Accur(lin);;ly, 1 enjoin theel<LMak« no more de-
1 |ty», but to make haste lo*f>gypt, and to lj|a*el
night and day, ond not to dmwoiH tha time; and
•0 make the slavery of the l^ebrews, aiid their
•utferings, to Inst the longer.
4. Muses having now saeo and h«ani these
wonders, that assurcil him of the truth of these
firouiiscs of Uod, had no roam left him to ditbc-
ievetheiii; ho entreated him ta grant him tliat
poji^ whjn he should- be ill Kgypt;'and be-
tofght him' to vouthtafe him the Inondedge of
his own name, and siiice he had hMnl and seen
bim, that he would also r);ll him hft name, that
when he ollered sacrifice, he might invoke him
by- such his name in^his oblalioTis. Whereupon
God declared to him hit holy uimj;,^ which had
never been discovered tu men before; concern-
ing which it is not lawful for me to say any^ more.*
.Mow these signs accompanied Muse^, not then
only>but always, when he prayed lor them: of
all which signs he attributed the firmest assent
to the fire in the b«iifa; and believing that Uod
would bv a gracious suriporter to him, he hojied
be should be able to dteliver hia own natibn, and
bring calamities on. the Egyptiant.
CHAP. XIII. .
HoK Jttotit ati4 Aaron returnti tnio Egyft lo
Fharaoh.,
{I. So Moses, when be umlerstoo<1 thattlu'
PharaOhi in f|hose reign he (led awny, was dead,
asked leave of KRguel to go to Kgvpt, for the
benefit of his own people: and he took with hini
Zippomh, thedaufhter of Raguel, whoni he.had
married, and IhechilVren he had by hoir, Geiw>ni
and Kleuzar, and made haste into T.gvpt. Now
the foriiur of these names, Gersoin, ]ii the He-
brew tongue, signifies, that he was in a ' strange
.la«l]| and Eleaia'r, that, by the 'a^sisliliCe af
d»-rs, Aaron his bmlher.by tha enmmanil nfflod
met him, to wIhiiii ha declared what had tMfalleB
him at the ninuntalnt and tha ciiiiiinaiids thft
(to<^ hnl given |iiii|. ||iil as tliey wero pnag
forward, the chief men amonB the llebrewt'
having learned that they wer* coming, met
tham: to whom Moses derlarml th* signs be bad
seen; and while they rould not believe ihtiu, ha
niaila them see illim. So they look couraga
at these surprisinK and uneifioied sights, and
h<>|M<d well of their entire diltverane*. aa b«.
lieviny now th4il (iod took tare of their .pre-
servation. I '
3. Since then Moses found that the Hehrawt
rwould be obedient to whatsoever he sliouljl iJl-
rect, as they promised to bei>«iHt were in'lov^
with liberty, he came to the king, who had indeed
but lately received the govcmnieDt, and told him
bow much he had done fur the ^tood of the
Kgypliani, whfn they were des^Stad byi tha
Kthiopiana, and their country Ijild watte by thrm ;
and how h« bail been the commtader 0/ their
forces, and had laboVed for them, as if they had
been bis own people; and he inforMnl him in
what danger he hail been during that eipeditioa,
without having an;jr proper reliirna made hiiu, at
he had deserved. He Also, informed him dis-
tinctly, what thlngsT bippened to him'atjnonnl
Sinai, and «»hat God said to him; iind the signs
that were «htne by God, in order to assure hini of
the^ authonly of those commands which he had
f|iven hijA. He alto exhorted bim not to disb* ■
leve what be loM bim, nor to oppose the will
of God. .. ^
3. But wlien tha king deriHed Motes, be made
him in earnetl tee the signt that wrre done at'
mount Sinai. Yet i^at the king very angry vvith
him, and called him an ill man, who haalbmier-
ly run away from his ICryptian slavery, and came
now back with deceitful triclp* iind. wonders, and
magical arts, lo astonish him. And when he bad
said this, be commanded the priests to |et Mm
tea ihti tame wonderful tightt, at knowing (hat
the Kgyptianit were skilful in- this kind of Inam-
ing, and that he was hot the only person, who
knew them,, and pretended them to be divim.
at also be told him, that, when he brought
such wonderful sights before, hiin,r be would only
be believed by the qnlearoed. Now when lift
priests threw down their rods, th*y becante tet-
penl.^. But Motet. WW not'diiumulat it; and
laid, "O kin^, I do not mv'telf de^^JMe wis-
dom of the Kgvptiant, but I tay that whnt I do it
to innch tupcrior to what thete (14 by magic art*
and tricks, as divine power exceed* tbe powe^ of
man; but I will deniontlrate' that wh'at I do if
not done by craft, or counterfeilihg what it not
nrjly true, but that they appear by the* provi-
de^iice and power of God." And when he htd
taiil this, be castihii rod down upon thegrqmndt
and cmnmanded it to turn itielf into a lerpent.
It obeyed him, and went all round, and devoured
the nidt of tlie Kgypliani, which seemed to bt
dragons, until it had consumed llicm all; il then'
returned to its own form, and Motet took it into
liit hami again. - •
,4. However, the king wat no more moved,
whenthis was done,than before; ^nd being very
angry, ha said, "That he should j^aio nothing by
his cunning and shrewdness ajjainst the Kgyp-
liaAs." And he coniiiianjlrd nim that was the
...>,,,,., L ■ - , -..- cliief task-master over the Hebrews, ta gjva-/
the C.oit of lilt 'fathen, be had escaped from the them no reUxation froin their labors, but to com
Egyptians. JNow When they were near the hor- ^lel them Id iubiliit to greater oppretsions thi
-•^I'^rl!'*. vJ^«"I^?/*"J I't *'«•'>"»'"««''• "•'•j eatly, dona not appear.) Jotephtn alto durtt nott
£i«iv ."^i.,™,™,*n^ ; 1."^ f'tr'* '"• ^" *"^ down the very wordsurnie lenconiman<tmenti,i(i<
raliely 10 pronounce y«*.»a»,bu' seema 10 liave licefi ahnU see lieteafter. Aiiliii. h. lil. rh. v. ser.i. t. wlili
jriglnaljy proiioiinf ed J«*.*. or J/ii , ia never, I think, wipeylitous iMI.Mirc, l.ns yet not <«en dIsconllnuS
-,f
■ ' ,
try th
ihadi
h e ard of t i ll .Hi s p ess n, . of J .e „ . ., u .! m i d t h is «, :,,: i v rnKy . heH:..;bln;. ' T rer^ [s 'r;,^Tv"r. mdwra
JJion. in not proiiouMrinK that name, liaa contiiiuod bMhfliesefHU'lousronrAilmen'twere isiflit JoeepfoJ
ampM t!-e KsKMnical Jewt to thie day (llioiiju , l.y th<> Hliarisees, a lody of men alonco very widM
wheUiet the framaritana and Caraitw; obaerved it ab and very tMponrtiUaiu. ' T™* " ""™ ""' ?T?»
t i nm ttill; in doubt
•a, and one of no abi*^
•vt,
F
1
. V
•^
'!
68
fora for «h« '"•'''"If •'••" '""^V »••""»•''' •"'7
It iMm »« lonil". l»u« •>• ""•''• «*>•'" '" •""■'
llMr eh«ir Ib th« ninT't «'»" "h"' «l>fi' '"•«"
WM «hm (Jonhlf'l "|«>n ••"'"* «'«•)' I •''<,«!'• ''"'""•
■non Mowt. br. iiu..' their Ub./* ■wl «n«ir ""••'y
wcra on bit ncr.miil bocuiii* inofit lefrro «<■ H'l^i".
Bui MiM« iI'kI mil Ut hit eoitng* »'";''" '""
kitiK* lhr«;.trnlnKt: n..r .lid h« iilnit« of his ««.«l
on itcouul ..f tUt ll.,l,w«ii' compl-i'St.. I«ul Im
Mpimrtr.) hinlwlf. »nd irl hi. wul .r«.o u eff
MVin»( Ihrni bnlii, mid u««l hi« own tHiuo*' dill-.
fine, to pr..nir*lil«rtytohi.rountrj-iii.ji. So
H«br«w« RO to Mount SiiMi. «n( thi-rr t.. ••"■•
Ac* loOod, Ikciiuw (Jo<1 hud rnjoinod tiiem M to
■ do. U« B«rriu»drd hliii ulio. not to co«iiit«rworll
(h. <K.iiii. ..f IJ'xl. but to Ml.eni hi. hvor
•boTsnll thin|r..nnd to permit them lodepnrt.lMt.
bnfore h« i>« -w v«. h« '"X ,■»» ob.tru. tion m the
wnv of thr divine comiiiandt, and »o occion lili
own .ufferinK .uch pui»ihm«nl». •• U •••• proba-
ble nny one that count.rworli.d the divina coni-
«»odi .houl.1 undargo, aince thu ievere.l afflic-
lioiii ariM from ayery olii..ct. to tho»a tliati.ro-
voke the divine wrath efaln.t them: W' •"•••n. ••
thaw have neither the earth nor the air for their
frienda; nor are tha fruit, of Iha womb accorrt-
Jn«.to nature, but afarythinn '• ""/"T"'' .'iT..
•d;er.a toward, tham. He Mid further, thai
Um BKTPtian. .hoald know tUia bir lad e»j»-.
.Sance? and that be.ida., tl.e Habre* paopla
■bonid go out of ibeir country without Ibaif con-
AMnQUITtE* OF THE rtWB./
uaMi, ami were tntmi anofff wfcil rtWf «ta. ni
wbat thiiy drank, *«d c«i"« in V*' "Mmlwra
upon th..ir !>«».. There wa. «Uo an un|[r«l..r..l
•iiiell and »l»»k «">«• from them, aa th«7 war*
born, and u. th»y died therein. No*, whan Iha
K.ryptian. weta iiadee the ooiiriMlon. of theta
miwriea, Iha kina orltred Mom. to take Ilia
Hebriw. Willi. hiiM. anil l»a Rona. Hiion whiilf
the wk'>l< ii»uUiluilr oi the fioK" eani.hed away,
and both t^ land and Ika ri»<r returned to their
former nat(ir*«. Hut a. loonr a* I'hBiaoh .iw iha
laiwl freed/ from tbi. |ilnf[ue. ha foraot the raa.a
of it, and *«'liiioed tlui Hebr.w«; aud," ailhoiin|l
he IimI ft mind to try the niilMre of mora \»rk
ii^ould
not jet lullrr MoieU and
■ • -— ^t .
ll COR*
^'uilanjenU, h«i wKuiu ■■•>• 7>« --—. ■•-'f. ,~
II. |>ro|>|a to drpart, having Krimtad •'^•♦^}"J^7
Mnt.
CHAP. XIV.
Ihal
from
gave
part. ,
heliti
leave
.t^
Cmtetn^z Iht Ten PhF"* "M** »•"»« »1»»
- f A< Egfttiani.
II. Birr when the king de.pi.ed the word, of
Moaei, and had no reKnrd at all to iheni. griev-
OOi placue. .eiied the Egyptian.; every one of
which I will deacrilM). both bacauait ho .uch
nlacuea did ever happen toany other nation »• the
feaPplian. now felt; and bacaute 1 woul<l dejioo-
Mlrata that Mo.e. did not fail in anj ona thing
(bat he foretoH them, and becauae il i. for the
Kood of mankiml that they may learn thi.ciiHtioii,
not to do any thing that may diapleiue ("-'I. Ifit
ha b« provoked to wrath, and avenge their Ini-
dnitie. upon men. The Egyptian river ran with
Sloody water, at the command of (.od. Imwrniuch
that it could no! be druiik, and they had no olhaj
•nrinit of water neither; for the wattf w«* not
miy of the color of blomi, but it brought upOii |
(boae that ventured to drink of il, great puin. and
bitter torment. Such w»» the river t« tirt Wtyi"
tiant: butitwas aweet aadfit fordrinking to the
Hlebrewa, and noway different from what it na-
turally used {i> bA A. the king therelye kijew
Bpt what to do in iheae .urprmng circuiiutanottB.
'«oA wa. in fear for the Egyptian., he gave the
iN Hebrew, leave to go away i but when llie plague
ceaied. he changed hi. mind again, and would not
•uffcr them to go. ..... ^ - ,
2. But when God taw that he. was ungrateful,
Uid upon the ceasing of the calamity woultl ivot
'rrow wiier, he tent another ph|;ue upon the
Eiyptiani; an innumerable multitude of frog^
coDiumed the fruit of the ground; the river waa
- alao full of them, insomuch that thoae who drew
water had it .polled by the blood of the>o nni-
. Ball, aa they died in,4nd were d< .troyed by the
later; and the country wa« full of filtliy .lime
M they were bom, and as they died; they also
qmilad their vewelt in their bouse* which they
•1
ilia prop^B \n .111,!..., ■.■..iMfi n ""-
rather iul uf <ear, Ihaii out of any gn
tidcralii u. ..... i .
3. Ac ^onlingly. Hod iiuniihcd hi« fcU^nasa
with inilhrr plaguiv aJd«Vl to Ilia fohiier;. for ,
there nioMi nut of the biKlii. ..f the Kgyiilianj
Ml inm|i»enibl»qui.MNty of lica,hy«hith.Wick.<l ■
a* they were, ifiry iidnarahly pfiiahfcil. »• "ol
able to destroy Ihih aort of vermia./ailher witH
wiisljr* or wilh iiiHtmeuts. At wlJiU leriilila
judgiieiil. Ilia tiiiK of Kgypt Has A" disordir,
upon tjia fear into which he reasoiied hiniseir,
lest hii people ihouM h.i dtstroyed/ aixl «"*« '•«
iimnDtlil' of his d.alh wa* idso ttpniachful, so
la wa. forced in part to r«J..v. r /""'•<;"
lil wit be.l leiiiiwf In i »ouiid miiul, furha
leave f'lr llio IKbrcn" llinu»<1vr« to de-
But Wlieu the |)l.i?<ue then uiwu r'M^;
lughl it proper t.. hnuire that tlijy should
leavo their cliihlnni mid w'(ve» b<iliiii(l Ihem.
a* pli-dge* of thfcir return, wlierebj li<^ provoked
aodflu be niorr yiheinenlly angry at hini, Ollf
b« thought to iinpiKd on Ins providence. and.«>
if ill were only Muses, und not (Jod.wliopunislwd
iheKioptiuns for the snko of llie Hiibrews; for/
be Mllt'u that couiUiy full of viiriou. sor^ of
ptalileiilial cicalurt-ii, willi tlnjr various prop-
crnca, such inilffd p* had rievcr ci.inc into tllf
siJhtof men bift>re,-by whose means tliainedi
■Jrished tlicinH«lv«s. nnd the litwl was d«sti-
tille of husliunilimn for its cultivalioui but if
Jiy thing tscrtped dislrurliim fn.iir th«:ni, it
ilia killed by i> diitiivptr, which the men under*
wint also. .... , .11
4. But whrn Pharaoh did not even then yield
to the will of Uod ; hut while he gave leave to the
husliunda to take their wives with lliCui, y« t i(i-
.istrd that the children sliould bo left bthind,
God presi idly resolved to punish bis wickedncs*
with si'vcml Burls of culuniities, and Ihoso Wone -
thun the forigoihg which yet had so «[<;n"nlly
afflicle<l Ihenii for their bodies |i;id ferribie bilaj.
b«««l<nK forth with bluins, while Ihijr were al-
rendv iiiwardlv consumed; and a great part of
the Egyptiaiii perished in this manner. But
when the king wa* not brought to rv ason by thi*
iila"uc. huil wiis Mnt down from hi'ftven,- and
micFi hail it wa. as the climute of Egypt had
never suffered liefore, nar was it like to that
never sunenm iKiom, hji "■■ ■* «■'-*■ *^ : : —
which fnlls in other rlimate. in winter timf.T O"}
larger than that which fulls in the imlUlc of
spring to tliose Unit dwell in the iiorlhe.ni and
rtorthwestiirn tegions. This hnil broke down,
their boughs laden with fruit. After thi. a tribe
of locusts fonsumtd the seed which was uot hurt
by the hail, so that to the Egyptieiis all the
ho|iei of future fruit* of the ground were entirc'T
5. One would think the forementioned calaini-
tie* might have been suflicient fur one thut was
only foolish, without vvickeduessV to make hiin
wiK, and to make him len.ible what wa* for bit
•cyihlajnilleial bfrOenlna the hearta,«Dl MMin;
tkaanaaf wicked iten,.or fnfatuntinn than esa Jiist
■■nlahmenlfor tlwirVh*' ""f"' *'"':• "• ' « '"""J?*'
fttaellan, ace tb* note'on Aniiq. B. vii. cb. U. wet. B.
t Aa to thki winter or anrlBg ball near BffJ**"'; \?
ite;i,see the like on thunder and llfbinbig tb<n,uilM
noM on Antiq. B. Tl. eh. t. »*cl. •
vpt
li« r
; iHtil dMf «•, rat
In Kraal niinilwri
• aUu tn unKr«l«rul
thrm, at Ihrv wara
in. Now, whan Iha
nuiiri Hum* of *hai«
Morwa lit laka Iha
KDiia. Ilimn whicit
fruK<i ranUMMl •war,
Kfifralurniol lo Ihair
IV t< I'finiuoh tiw iha
. Ka' foritol Ihf i-a»i«
rw«; aii<l,* a<lh<»>i|ch
■iitiir^ uf iiiura virb
Hi •iilirr Mo«i]i «Bil
; KrtiiiUil that jtibarly
lit of any giNMl cnn-
nliht'd hi* jfala^aai*
VI (o tlia fo/iiiarv for .
lilt of thi. Kurpllan*
Ilea, by . which, Wicki-q ' _
My ■ pini»h|lHl» «• no!
if varmia.Aiilhcr willi
At wlJcli teriilila
Hsa An dimirilrr,
li« rraacJiril hinisalf,
:ilfo>c<l/aii<l IhM tliu
iilao t|prtiai!hiii|, •<>
t tu rt'iuviT hinu«lf
i !i louiitl uiind, fur'ha
w* lheiu»< lvr« to 4»-
u« th»ri'U(K)n r»a»««l,
juiro that tlij y iliOulJ
wjvra hdhfiiil them,
wlinrtlj}' hi' (irovoluHl
illy MKry ttt hiiii, ai if
Inn hniiuii'iice, aniLat'
mil Uo<t,\t iin punlthed
of I lie Hiihrtws; for/
II o( vnriau* aor^ of
li lli«jr VHriouf prop-
il ilitvcr cimm into tllf
ivliune iiit^niu tlia liicd
Iha Innil wa» <le«ti- \
;ti tultivalioiii but if
uitioii fniiii th«:ni, it
which Iha itieii undcr^
id not «vcii Ihcii yield
lila he )niYc lenTO to tlis
ve» with tliCiii, y« t id-
ilioukl bn left bibind,
» piiniali bis wickednenf; '
iiiitiuii. and IhoiM' «ora«'
y«l had no RrnRrnlly
Dijie* |i:i'l terrible bilet,
M, while Ihi'Jr wtre al-
ls and a great part of
in thin niHniier. Il«t-
ou|;ht to rf a«an by thi*
iwn from hi'ftvcn; and
diiuiiti; of Kgypt had
ir waa it like io.tnat
Icf in winter tinic.t but
full* in lh<! middle of
•II in the iiortlir.ni and
This hnil broke down,
iruil. After thia a tribe
«ed which wa« uot hurt
I thr F.gyptieua all tbe
he grbuwl were enlire'j
e forrinrntioned calami-
llicient fiif one thHt wat
ckedueait; to make hiin
inaible what wai for bii
KxiK iL^-cHi\r. xr.
•1
H;
•dvaataf*- I*"* Phafaok, lad wot w» mark by
■ia liiily a* by hi* wickMlnvu, ««<•■ whan hii
•aw iha I aiiic of hia niiMriH, hr tlill roolMtad
With (iixl, and wilfully il«t«rl*d lh« rwiM uf fir-
luai ao ha bid Mnaaa laka lh« lUhrawt away.
wUh their wi'ea and rbildmi, but lu l»a«a ihrlr
cattin iHthind, iince th«ir own ralll« wora da>
atroyml. llul whra Mumi aaid, that what ka
dciirMi waa iinjunl, tine* Ihry w*ra obligrd to
aA«r aarriArca lo Owl of lhi>a«i rallle; uid the
(iaia hcluK ffniliiuKvd ou Ihia arcouni, a think
darkiuwa, without iha Iran li(hf, apraad' ila*lf
uT«r tka Kgypliani, wbrrrhy thair IlKht l>ain(
•balrurtrd, and tbrlr brrnlhlnir hlndcrrd by tita
thirknraa of llin air, thry dud Hiiai'rably, and
umlrr a lurror li-al thry tliiMild b<- ■wallowi'd Dp
by the digrk rluud, Uc«iil»t thia, wh* n Ib^ dark-
■waa,.^ftvr Ihrrr ilaya and aa niany nighla, wat
diaaipaird, and whni I'liarauh did not atill ri>-
prut, ami Irl the Milirrw.a ro, Mii«r« ram« tn
niiil and aaid : " lloW lunr wilt thuu b« diaobr-
divBt to tbu coniinand of (lodt for he aiynina
- thea to let Ike llnbreara |^; aur ia than^ any
other' way df brin^ frrrd from Ihr mlaaiijtita
jrua are uadr'r, unlraa you do to." Hut lb>i kin|c
waa aniry at whnI lie aaid, and llirralrned lo
' cut oil ni« hrad, if he caiiii' any iimrr lo Int^ble
hiui about tkcaa iliiillrra. Hrreupou Mna«a aaid,
he would aut apiak In hilli any mure about thiiu,
fur that he hiniarlf, tofilhiit with lIui priuritial
(lien anions the KKyftlianav-aKnuld draire tiv«
lirbrrwa lu ^o away. Ho whau Moaea had .aaillk
thill, he wrut hia way,
t: U?it wh^n (iml ,hnd aiKniAetl, that with oQe'
more plaiae h« would cuniiiel'tbe Krypliana In
^ let the lit lirr^wa Ko, hn fonimandrd Mtiaei to tell
4h« peo|ilr, Ihnl thry ahnuld have a aacrifice
ready, «ild thnt thry Hhoulil prepare thrmaehra
-ri. ."HB the tenth day of the inmith Xanthicua, aKuiint
„->J -the foarteenlh (which mniith it callml by thn>
■■ > Egyp*'*"*' •'harinuthi, and Niaaii hv'the'Hr-
^r..i brrwa; but the Macrdoninna call it Xanthicua,)
. and that ho ahnuld <;»rry away the Hrbrrwa with
; ;'^ all thry had. Ai-curdinj^l) , he bavinK (rot ihr
< ^^ llibrewa rrjdy for 'Ihair ilt'parlure, HAd^avillK
1 tprted the jKoplv into tribra, be kr^t them toei-
^j " . th«r in one place: but wh«n lh« fourteenth day
wat come, and all were ready to ilrpnrt, they of-
\ . fered the aacrlficc, and purilied Iheir hnua,'* with
. \ the blood, uaing bunchca of hvasop fur that pur-
' / ,.J>oa«; and Whvit thry had aiipped, thry buriM'thb
/ " Mmainder of the Arab, m juat ready to depart.
^ /. Wheiice It ia tluit we do atill olTrr thia aacrilice
. Y' . in like manner to thia lUy, and rail thia featival
/ ' Patcha,' which tirnifira llir fcaat of thlt paaa-
.' «fer, becauae oa that day Ciod 'puased ua over,
.iwd aenfthe ' . .. , .
' ' deatrurtion
tiana that _, . ^ _ „ _^
" who lived ntar the k\a%'t palace, ptrauatjfe^ i'hit-
. . raoh to Irl the lirbrrwa go. Accui-diiif;ly he call-
ed for Moara, ami bid them be i^no; at aup|Mia-
■ng, that if once the liebrewt were ffone out of
the Co.untrv, Kgypt thould be freed from ilt rai-
aeriei. Tkcy alao honored the Hebrcwt with
giftt;* tome in ordetv to get them lo deiwrl
uuicklyi and olhrri on aocount of their neiah-
bDNioud, and the friandthip they bad with
■ them.'
CHAP. XV.
uae oa mat day tiod puaseil ua over,
he niague on the Kgyptiona: for the
inf Ilie liratrboni came unonthe Kgyp-
nighl, ao that many of the Kgyptiani,
Hiw Ik* IhkftiM. NiUar Ihi (IvrnduH i^ Mtf,
} I )ki the Hahrewa went out of Rryut, whlh<
the K,[.p»(»ii« w,n|. .ml ri-iirnta<l thai they had
Irealrif Ihrin •„ hanlly. Now they timk tbalt
jiiamrjr by l.4top(>lia, a plarn at iFiat lima da-
aarted, but where Haliyinn waa liuill anrrwaid,
when Cambyara laid t;g)pt waair; hut aa they
went away haallly.on the third day they came lo
a niarr called HaaUr|4i<in on Iha K«<l Hea; awl
when Ihry had no I. mil nut of Ihr laad, heranto
It waa a drarrt, Ihiy air of loavta kiiraMrd of
flour, only warnird by a Kcntlr brot, and Ihb
fbo<l they made i»ae of for tliirly dnjij for what
thry brought with theni out of ••'gyiil wnuhl not
aulfii-e thrui any longvr tiuia; and IliU noty whilo
ihiy diapriiarij it |(, racb jfieraon, to uae to much
only at wnuld acrvr for nrreatlly, but not for ai-
lirly. Whrnr* it ia, that, in inrni'iry of the want
we were then in. we kei'p a fraat l>ir eight diqrt,
which ia called the fetal iif the Oiileavrnrd brrail.
"Now t^fi entire mulliluda of Ihoae (hat wrnt out,
inrluding.llie woiiirn and chllilr« u, wat niifreaty
In tin nuiiibiirrd, bill thnae that wirr of an •(•
At for war, Wrro ;ii hundrrd flinii'iind.
% They left Kgyjit in Ihn month Xanthioui, on
the Aftfrnth iligr III the lunar mnnlh; lT>ur hun-
.ilncd and thirty y ran after our fnrrfiithrr Abra-
ham came into Cnntan, hut two hundrril and At
tern yeara only afirr Jacob reiuovrd into Kgypt.f
It wat the eightieth year of the lfi;e of Motet,
end that of Aaron three more. 'Ihey also car-
ried out llie bpnrt of if/iaeph with thciB, aa ha
had charged hit tona to do, '
:l. liut the' Kgyptiaua annii rrprntrd that the
llebi-ewa were gunr; and, Iha king alao waa
iniglitily conoimrd Ihnt thia had b«en procured
by^the magic arte of Motet) ao thry reiolved tu
go after thrm. Accordingly they look their
wranont, and other warlike furniture, and por-
iioiil oftir Ihrm, in oriirr to bring Ihrin bark. If
once they ovi|-rtook thrm, becauae they wouli
now bave ■<» pretence to iirav lo (iod agniii>t
had already been n<vniitted i
ly thought thry ahould eaiil
armor, and
journey; ao they
• ThOfe Itriie priteniB made to the Iiraelitea, of veatcia
«raUver,and yeaoelt ofgeld, and ralihant, were, at Joee-
phoa truly calla them, xifla really (tven them, not lent
_?"• """' Kn*""'' fiiltcly renderathem. They were
them, tince thry had already been
j(n .out; and tlii
oA-rcnnie tbein, "aa thry hod no
would be weary with their jourikr^ , .,, ,iicj
made hnate in their pursuit, uiul aakrd of every
one thry met which way they were gonet and
indeed, that land wat diffici^lt to bn tr» relied
oyer, not only by aniiiea, but by aingle p^raont.
Now Moart fvd the Hrbrewa lliii wny, that in
CRte the Kgyptiuna alioidd rt|wnt and be deti-
roua to puraiie after them, tluy might undeim
the puniahment of their wickedpicie, and of the
breach of thote promitet they hiid.made to them.
At alto ho led them thit way on account of the
i'hiliatinca, who had quarrt lied with them, and
hatril them of old, that by nil liirant they migbt
not know of their duparturr, for their country ia
nrir to that of Egypt; and thence it wat that
Moaet led them, not along the rondlbat tended
to the land of the FhiliatinCa, but he waa de-
tiroua that thev thould (fo lliniugh the detert,
that ao after a long jouna'y, find nftrr many af-
llictiont, they mig^l i|^itir iipun Uic land of Ca-
there any aenae in borrowing or Icnilini, when Iha
ItraelUea were Anally druariluK out of the land Ibr
ever. .
t Why our Matoretfl copy toiiroundleaair abrUaeathta
rrouiit in Kxod, xii. 4l», .ia In narrllir 4 II >eara to the
I aole prrrerlnntinn nftlii- iMrnvlliia in KKypi, when it li
apollt required, not borrowed of them, Oen. «v. N. Eiod
ill. ia, *!. 8, I'b. f v. :i7, aa tlw aame nraion falaely ren ;
kSTn^^'Jlf.*""*, "7* "^•P"'^ '"'••"••*• «"' ' clear", rvciihy l|.|,t AliiiMiriirrhr.molMy'riMwhm"^
bad ordehid the Jewa lo demand theaesa their pay and well at from ilic evirriw ir«i I » ? li. ii,. HrJ.flf.''.?
!!-i'?:i!::i'!»i''*i.'js;"j.«'««.'''«!«' *"«»ery in^iyp. I "e,m";i;;?:"H;«rv:;piiutV uTZiiSit:
— ■ - ■ iSfiyiit hut half the limn; and that hy conawiuenee. tba
asatonemeliia for the livea of the Bgyptlant, and aa the
eondtUon of tlie Jcwt' depaniirr, an J nf ih. t; .
^^;:,!z^ss!^x^:w s: ^ gr u;s>;^t^ - r -iiiix^^S^
ng hall near Egyft knd Ja
andll|binUigtbw«,latM
t*et.«
laaviwrimM....^^ ii..,.i..jI;.::'l ■••—-;J> bad Canaan, before ihcy ramo into RsvpLla bard
riir.!2;s;« ctf isr!3L"»i''NSi'ri i ^^' *"""' •'■^ T.at«».„t.'5."«f. «."*
lOHf.
AWiftuiTiM or Tui )iw«
2-
Mi™. AdwW f«^« •' «hi« •". '?••' "'-' '"'
* »..HJ,d Li- lo l„.n, .h. ,....^1. •-> Mo.."'
Hi.*.. .!..• th«r. lh,y n.U. "H.r h.u. -J"* ";
«HHit».l« »l»<>y Jw* ••"•«■' l«t... »«r..« i.U.».
feHh. ..MmUTf th.l DUf.u».l .fl" th.li.. -...'•
I«n.lr..l . I..ri..l., wUl* llfly •(.....•.»a h..r,.....n.
.n,| Itt.. I....Mlr..l U.....»n.l ''•''«™;"' •" •/"i™.
riwy "iiw «•••'' '"» 'h* I-*"*" '■r •»'»"■»'''•)'
2, ll«r. w., I..U ...U ...1«1 .V- «- or I n.o«..
Ui«. Ili«l t.n...B.I..I .» th« "•• "J''" •• •"? '"'•
jr,"..a .lu ,r n.Rl.(l wh.r. or. iT.*, 'h." P"",
,d uiwii ll.« IUhr.wt «rilh »l..ir .rmy. «h.r. h»
[riJfM 9(] IH. ii.o..i.Uin«w«f.'l...r.l«filb|h»
"oinfiM. th.l «. il.»y n'Uht J'H'l" '»"*"''
■bU »o b.»r un, b«ln|{ thus. M il «.f.. <)««c|»<l.
bMiiuM th*y w»nted nr.)»Ui»M, nor i«* •! y
Ihry »»pr*t«.l • «l..v.,r»l .Ir.lraclion. unlrM
Kir>pli.ii«. So »h.y UW Ihr I.U..i« o« Mo.,..
b» (io.l lor Ih. r..rov.ry <■/ tl.r.r f™"-."! .".
«fci. .0 f.r. th.l lh.ir m.^r«.I..Uly proovpUa thru
,u throw .tun.. .1 th, pronh.t. w mI.- »»•*'»'"«■
Ih*» rwolvrJ Ih.t th,y .f ouia .lel.vrr ih.m.clvr.
.IP to th. KKyptmn.. So th.r« w.. .orrow .tia
u'!uVnt.lion\^I.onp th. «o.«.n ..,.1 ' h'^rr". '•'>"
h»l nothiuK b..l .l«.lruction b«r.|re »h«"7"'
wblla they w«r« fH(oiiip«.i«'l with niountwn.,
th. M.. «na thttr .lymi... «oJ Uiic.rn.a no wiy
''^"''But M"«..Thounli Ih. iiiullltude looked
««ri.«ly «» him, ilM not. howr«.r. rIv. o.«r Ih.
c.n, of them, but d«pi...l Hlj •I'/P;" "IV l\ ihl
tmt in tied. who. .. h« hid .Horded lb..o th.
Oiltr lib.r.r whi. hK hid for«toia th..... would
.lOt now tntter the... to be .ubdued bjr th.ir *n.-
lui... ta bo eithtr mul» »!•«*.. or b"/'*'" ^V
th.iu. And .tudinR in thfi n.id.t of th.in. h.
uid. " It » not iu.t for u. to diitrutt even men.
■ban they h«ve Tiilberlo Well m.ni.ned our .f-
f n, M if th.y would not be the wiiiv iiirn here-
,ll«r: but it 1. no bett*» Ihun nmdne.t .t thi.
time to detpair of the providence of Oo.l. by
who., power .«ll tho.« tbinK. httv. been p«rf..rm-
«J wlifth he promiMd/ wffen vou e»i.«ct.d i.o
Mch tbin«! Im.mn.»ll th.l I h.ve ie.n con-
Rcrned in for your .leiivertnce. ...d e.c»pe from
.Uverr. N»y* when we are in tli«! utmo.t di.-
ire... «• you .le "e/.re. we oupl.t the r.llier to
bope Ibal God will/Wcor u., by who.. oMrn-
tion it i. th.t we Jte now enco.np..M.d within
Ihi. n»rrow pUee. *h.t he may .leliver u. out of
lUCh diflituUie. .. ire otherwi..^ fn»urniounUhl.,
ind out of which iieither you nor your enemie.
exDcct you cult V« Jelivred, ..nd may at once
dcl«on»tr.le hi. Swn power, and h.. providence
« Take the main/part of Beland-. eirellent m.t« here,
wbkh greatly mJ.tralMJo«-phu..nnd the BerliKute,
taUtb^ rd.Mry. Jfollowr 'A traveler," Kiy. ««'»'"'>
: Ef ypl. told in. ll.it he went •"<•«"'«"»)' f"™t«»*'"
S5ini81nal,whfch be .uppo«Hjlhe l.raell e^^^^^
tcM; and mat/he found Mveral m"'"";'"" ". ITV!;-
"Si;«downlL«d.theBcdf>.;n. "• 'X'f Vu..m
-: Eii e d. im.l l O.WhlBthf y wwe ">"!.""!"'!""'yrg!'.!°.'.-
I«p«na
ibU In
„,.r w Nor tkM* f lod n- •• |l»« kU Mfjm
.null dimr..lll»« to iImiM whon. h. fa»o
,n .u.h r.M, wh.r. <m «»• «a« .«• how .nr
hot*, tn m«n • •" !>•"" their fon.litlon. Il*l>
lh«r.f..r. Mpon ...<h • pr.it*.'t..r a. I. .I'l'
,„.k. .mall thl»«. nrr.l. .nd to .bow Ih.i tnl.
..ii.hly l'<'" •![»'"•• J"" *• ""'';'."" ' "
n,.., .wl l.« not .irr.thl«l at th. ».|()l>t>.» •"'J>
nor .to you dr.p«r of b.li.g pr»..r..d hef«»
lb. Ma before, and lb. .u«....t.i«« l'-l<'...l, .IToril
y..u no opnortMnity for •yfK. I".' •"» "j'*!
,,.oun...n.; U t)od ... pl.««[ l>»».» b« n.a. . pUia
irtMBd f»r J^, •■"I «b. •*• b<*iiiii« Jry U»l.
wrV»w'kVE«<M»i»V3;and«opll<'lilh«irrnn.phetwecn
Mtodol and thiaca; ...dthat wl.cn li.ey wore noi nWc to
St anleaa bYrMa.llicV ware a hut in on each .Ida by
Santas*. C. lis ibo..|lht we might eridenlly learn
|lln«Jbo» It might be .aft that the laraclltca were ta
CIIAF. XVI,*
How Ih, »im iMf dUid.d ."<•'•''/•: '*f.J^
krtwf. uihiH t»«» w»M furnud *« '*« NO^
Hmnt. end to reM «»•» •" .iflwrfunWy ^ «M
trnfing /nm Htm.
t I Wll».f« Mow. hail .aid lhi«, hi Iwl thai*
to the .»a, wliilii the »:frypti«". In^li«l »». *»
ihey wer. with.n ..Kb.. «"«' ^'"'« ."•" .•".h.t
i,e..e.i by lb. 10.1 of lb. r'"- •,*'^;' '^v,
tl>..uKbl prop.r to ntiloff ««h»in|I I." th. ijelt
day. Hut when M..M. *■» «"">. «"„•"• •"
i*;,r., be l<K.k hi. r,«), ami .....le ...pplicath.n t"
(i...l. .n.l ca*U.l ..(M.n h.ra to ha lh»lr h.lp«r .(id
a..i.l..>i; m\ .aid. "Ihou art not 'I5'""««'*'
Lord, that U I. Iwyond human .trenRth and Hu-
man contrlvanc. lo avoid lb. .I.fl." u|tie. w. ar.
How Mnder. hot it mu.t b. th; work .l«<'tt'«b»r
to pro. «r* ,1. liveraiice to lhi» army, which ha.
I. ft Ktrypt at thy apiiointmenl. W.de.p.irol _^
any other ...i.tance or coi.trivanc., and have
r«,'oun« only to that koi* we have In thwii and
if tb.r« b. any methoti that can promt., uiaa
cwap. by thy providence, we look up ««,Jhee lof
U And let it com. oui.kly.and manife.t thy
power to u.; and ,lo tiiou rui.,- »p tbi. |>eoirf.
'unto K..O.I coara(te .nd bopeol .lel.v.ranc.. who
are deeply .unkTnto adiwon.olate .tate of ni ml
We are^n . belple« pUce. but .1.11 it i. e pUc.
thatlbo.MM««.«.t; lot .till the jea "Jbrn..
the inountttln. th.t en.h..« u. are thine: ao that
thew! m..u..ti.u» will oiwn the...«rl»e., if thou
c»mmamle.t tb.m, .nd t>.e ^a aUo, if thou com-
mandeat it, will become dry land. «»r. "'
miftht .Kape by • flinht through the air. if thou
"hould.t .leteniine we .hould have that way ot
"a.' When Mo.e. had thui addrea.edhima.lf to
(!..d. he .mote the wa with hi. rod. which perted
uunder at th* .troke, and rfccivmi; thoie water,
into it«;ll, left the gr..una •'rr. " " ""f' "T '
place of Dight for the Hebrew.. N'"* *»"
Mom. t»m tbi. appearance ..f 0«l, ami that the
.ea went out of it. own place, ."d left <lry '."f •
he went fir.l of all into it, and bid the Hebrew,
to follow him along that divine ro.<l, and o rr-
joire at the danger their enemie. >hat followM
{hem were in; «.d gave ""ank. to Ood for Ihw
■o .urpriiing a deliverance which appeared from
"xNow while theie Hebrewa made no .tay.
butweiitoneame,tly,« led by God". preHnt.
with them, the Egyptwn" .uppowd, at 6nt<*»*
they were di»tracte«l, and Were going raahly upo»
Rtbam heforetliey wentovcrthe aea, and yet ml«hlj»
Swt" MW tome Into Wham after they had pa«ej
"crlhe »a al». Bedde.,he gave an arcount ho«
ta naiid over a rlv.r In a boat ne»rlhe cliy eu«.
whK?Myi murt need, be Uie lleroopoll. of the w
donla. .btt. that city rouM not be .liuaie any wher.
elaehithainelgl.borli90,l." • h.„h*nr Ber
A. to the fRmoUapnaMMieptoduced here by Br. wr
nard, out of Ilerpdolu., ai the moat tnctent "*»!«»
teitlmonyof the laraellte." romlng from the R«^ »■
ie...B.uny n m,, - OBmh er la nd b aa . be wn t ha t I I
Into l'aie.iln«, '^"■■op » "■;.™. ■""i": rrr."" '■.«i..«ii
belong, to the bid Canaanlle or Phenlelan ahep^?"*
andXir retiring out of Egypt l5;o»,.».an.rfh«^
da, long before the J gpfcDf MaMfc BiaehoiUatb*
p.I74|JU. -ME.;,- ">..■■.
■\.
';|jP">
BOOK II.-CIIAP m
whfHIl h« f»»of^^*
■na «*n ••• ti"" »»t
pir comlilion. l)«p«M
riiMrior •• ■• •l'l« *«
and III (how that uit«
U BUtlllnR t'Ml •••»■
.ing pr»««rv«il tttrtm-
iiiiiilaiiM iMihimt, •Ifofrt
llylrlK. (i>r ••»» »•>•••
u», nw« !>• mail* plat*
XVI. i.
I furnu4 *« M« Kpf
I ••i<l Ihia, t>« ImI Ihtw
frvpoan* l'«li«'<l '>*t **-
Now 'Ih*'* "•"• •" «"•"
tli« iiunuit. Ihil Ibc)
,ff tKhtinf till th« ii»lt
WM colli* to lh« ••••
mil mml' •up|ilir»»l»n '"
in to lit th»lr hrlp«r attrf
huu art not i|tiior«iH,
human itrrnjtth fUtA ha-
ul (ha dillK'ullii'i w» UM
liK thy work alti>j[rtli«r
III Ihi* •rniy, whi«h hit
ntiiicnl. We Unipiiir oi
r coiilri»«nce, inil hi»»
)(K! w«i h»v« in lh«« 1 mJ
I that cau prooiiM ui u
cr, wr look up In thc« for
Luirkly, anil iiianifrrt thy
Jioii riii«' "P thia \ttn\ti»
hop« ol' ilclivcnuK*. who
liHoniolatr atata uf Blind.
Iac«, but itill it » * P^*
ut ttill tb« tea i> thine,
Ktan ua arc thine: to that
open thrniM-lvci, if thou
the tea aU<>, if thou cooh
nia Jry land. Nay, w»
It through the air, if thou
ahoulil haTS (hat way of
I thus addrewccl himMlf to
with hit rod, which paHeil
and r*cel»in|5 thote watert
iiuiid dry, »» » '"••I- •"'■ •
le Hebrewa. Now when
ranee of God, and that thu
n place, and left dry land,
(o it, and bid the Hebrewa
lat divine road, and (u re
leir enehiiea (ha( followed
If e (hanki (o God for thi»
ranee which appeared from
le Ikbrcwi made no tUy<
,■» led by God'ipretcnct
liana tuppoted; at nnt, thtl
and were going rathly upon
I o»cr (he tea, and yet mlfhlte
Ktliam after they had panH
Men, he ia»e an atebun( lio»
In a l)oa( near the eliy tfua.
dt be (Jie Heroojiolto of (he i»
rouM not lie iUuale any wbett
wl." '
laae produced here by Dr. Ber-
|m the moa'l Ancient Ile«IM»
lltea' ropiinc from (he Red w
t? B mb er la nd h aa ih o wn Ih t l It
•##
Mullttl d«tlr«riin«. Rul wb*» (h*y taw thai
Ulay war* gona a (raal wajr wilh»u( aa» harm,
a»( that no o(nia<la or iliinnilty bll In th<ir
|imrni>|, tht y mad* kaalx to iiurau* lliaiii, hnnng
thai (li* Ma would ba mini fiif thnn alt'i Tbi';
pttt. ibair hor» loremmi, anil wi'n( iliwn tham-
Mliai Into Ike iaa. Hflw Ih* ilrlirvwi. whilx
Iktaa war* uudmK »n (In tr armor, mid (harain
tpendiiiK Ihalr lima, war* brrorehnnil wllh (ham,
and ••• a|iad (ham, and (i>l Mrtl o*«r tu Ih* lam)
nn III* olhar aula, wiIIimuI any hurl. Whanc*
(ha o(han warv am iiura|(>d, ami niur* cuitraga-
uudr purtuad thain, *a nopiiig no harm would
roHl' to Ibrm naithari but Ihi' K|ty|>tliint war*
But awar* that lha)f wrn( into a riiail niada lor
Ih* Mvlirtna, and not I'or othrra; llial Ihit road
wat made Air lh« daliralanca u( thiiaa in lUngar.
iNil nu( for thoae thai Wfh' aarnati (o make uta
•fit for Ihaolhirt' ilrrtrurtion. At tnon, tlirrr-
forr, at »ver llix wliolr Kicyiilian army waa within
il, th* tea llowad to ilt'oWil ulara, awl ciinin
dowa with a lartant miu^d by auuruu uf wind,*
and Ancuni imaard tha (iljfTpliHnt. Miuwrra of
hiin aUa rant* down front tlii' iky, and draadful
tbiiiida rt 'and liKhliiing, with fluihi < of Are.
Thundrrllulla alaii war* ilarleil upon lh>in. fiur
wat thrr* any IhinK whjih u'fta 10 bn t* nt by
Uo<l upon luvii, na iiiill(<ili<in>of h)>Hr.ith, which
did not hiip|ian at ihit lima, liir a dark and diiiniil
■ight nppr«ttrd Ihcnt. And (hut <lld alt (nan*
man p«ci>h, to (hut (her* wat n»( one umn lift
(o b« a iiii'Mrngur of (hi* ctlanity (o Iba rrti
of (h* Kgyiilian*.
4. Bill (ne llabrawt warn no( ablr In rontain
(benualraifurjoy at Ihrir wonderful deiivrraiira,
* of Ihatatlorm* of wlml.lhandar, iinl llihtninc,
aKhlailrqwnlniar l'li»r«iili'a ariiiy.aliiiiial Miiitlhifrn
our ruiitraor f.noilui, liul lul|v iiiiitnl In Ihatof Ui'vlil,
J'eal. litvH. I«, )7, IH, and In Ihal of Jiiw|iliua liirii,
a(eKaaayonllMOI,ITi>iinMiiiii1,liii|M-nil. |i. I.il, l.Vt.
t WhnI aoUia linlte licii; nl>jKrli<i| analiial tliia (HiMnie
•r III* ltf:iiiiili% OTcr llii' lli-il haa. In llilabiin nl|lil,
from Ihn ronimon ninpa, vii., Inal tlila ara lialni ticra
alxiul <|il'|y Biilca hroail, ao (re-it un army cinild i.ol
Kite oaar II In au aliorl a lima, wa |ir«a( mMnkv.
ona. Thevaiiul, an auilieallr eyii-wlini'ta,(iiruriiiBiia,
(lia( llila a>'B, for iiliQui llvi> •laya'iuiiriiay, l« iiawli''rii
mora (han alioiil aleht of iihia inlica nviir arroaa, and
In ana plar* hut four »r Hva iiilira, nniliillDK lo Ik)
l.hNe^ map, wIiUIj la ninila friini tliii t>p-l Iravah'ra
illemaalvea.ahilmUiniiloiirruninlhara. tViialhaahami
(lirllier nlijiwlcil uiiiimiiI llila pnannin! ul (he laraeliloa,
and drawninn nrilie Ktypllant, Irini iiilrarulona alau,
via., Thai Muwa hii|lit lurry llic luriiclilcauver at n
low llde, wltlioui any inlrarle, wliKr yi i Uir F«y|iiiaii».
not knnwini Ihr ildi-ao »el| aabv. nil:linniriowui<d
upon III* rpturn ofllie lldi',!* a ttrnngc Kiory Indi'ad: ua
ir Moaaa, wlio nrvnr liad lived liuri, i mild know ll.i'
quanlliy and time iiflhe llui and ri'dui oDha Had Ci'D,
beiiai than iha K«ypilaiia llieinaalvni in lia ncl(bl>ur-
hood! Vet doca Artananua, an anrianlhaallicn hiaiuri-
Bii Inform an, ihai ilila wna what Iha HiiiralinoraHl .Mi'-
lao'diliea, wliolWi'd at a «rriii dlMan'-iMnclaiidnl: |iio'
he cnnlcMra, llial llie inoia le.nrni'il Hi !i<>|iolltaiia, who
lived inuiii in-nrer, owned llie ili'mrm tlmi ol llin I'nyf
liana, and the dellvcranm of Ui« larui'liii'a. lo liava
(won nilrnruliiu'. And I»b Oiiirn, a nialhrniallrlnii.
Who aurvfvpdthlaaaa with «reni«]iiMliio»a,iiilorni*u«,
llial tliei<i l> no»r«!at rtu, or reilux in ilila parlor the
Ki'it H<-ii, inilvFamlortotlila hyiuitliaalii: no v, llial nt
the eleyatlun iif Mie ild« there la Utile uluve half llie
bilfhl of a man. riee Kaaay «n Ike tjld Tcatamrnt, ap-
pend, p. '.M», VW. Ho vain and iirnundlin ara tliewf
and the Ilka rviinlniia and nulHart'iinea of our moilerit
•r*p'lftaiidunMlfvrra;andaofarlaliily do lliuruiifh
lnqnlrir*.andnuilientii'cvidcnrr,diaprovaandruiil'uie
tBrli evnalona and >nlilatru>ra u|ion alt orraalon*.
t WliatilialhiaaiiiMaf »araa,lnwhlfbMo*ea'*lrliim
pbant «on( la here qild lo he wri'tan, diatlnrtly aieana,
oar prcaeni tenorunre uf ihe old Hebrew nMre or nwa-
■ure will not let lu deiermtne. Nordoee It apuear lo
m* rerlain, thai rvcn Joaephiia hlmaeir had a dkillnrt
aMIon or 11, Ihouib lie apaika of aeveral aeria of thai
■Mr* or meaaur*, bo(h here and elaawhere, Aniki
k I t fha n tf l t l ^i i i Im .mi fc ■ ii i n ^
•1
and daalnirll'ili of ihalr aii*miMi BOfr inifaad
• >ip|H»ln( ihriNarlvaa Armly daiivarad whaa
Ihoaa (bA( wnuld hata liinnl (ham ii||o alavarr
ware drtlrntail. anil mlian lb»y found Ibay bail
llwl ati aviiUuily r.ir ihair pfntarlor. Awl now
Ibata lUbrikl having atrtpad lb* ilBllgar lh*i
war* In. al^br t^t, nmnn. r, and baaiJat Ibal,
aaaiiig lli«|r anamlrt puniahail in tucb a way ••
U never raconlcd of any olhaf man ithointocarr,
war* all (hi iilkbt ampbiyrd in •ingiiiK of l^ymnt,
and la nilrlh ^ .Vli.aaa ali . romji k.'iI a anng unto
Hod, CilBlaining' bit praiaaa, and a IbanbtgUlMr
fur hitkiliilnwta, in III tniiK'ti r| van*
}. At for hini<*ll'. I have drlivirvd «vary Mrt
of Ihia hithiry aa I Itiiind it in Iha lacrail Ixxtkli
nor Iri anv oar] wninlar al lb* alran|pn«a* of
lb* narrnilun, it a w.iy w*r* diacoti rr J to Iboie
man of old lima, ivbo war* frt* fmni Iha wirb<
adnra* of Ihf iliodarn a;tat, wlialhar ll bapjianad
by Iba will of IIihI, or nhilhir il liap|>*iHiil iil lit
own accord i while, for iha aakanf lh»>a thai a<^
comuauicd AUaawlar, ktng wf Mai v4<WH«, wImi
yat livtd rom|iaralU<'ly but a litllv #|d* ago,
(h* I'aniphyliaii tea ri'(rraid and allonlid (ll«m •
pwaang* llirongh ilai'll, whin thaiy lied no other
way to go I I uiran, whin ll waa the will uf (iod
lod'ialroy Ih* Hioiiarrhy of (lie IVraiaut^ and
(hit it ninfrtMil to br Iru* by all ibal hav* wril-
l4.n about the atuoiit of Aleaandir. I!u( M it
(het* «v*it(t, le( every one (lat*rnilu* IW k#
pjaati't.
S. On the iiuM day Mo««t gathered (ug*(liei
(he wraponi ol (lie K^y pliant, wliich werB
brought lu the cniup of lb« lUbrawi, by lb*
current of the tat. and (he force uf (ho wind re-
Ibenaa, IMralin. Arlan.aiid Appfain.— Aa to rallkab*-
naa, who blmiair arroinnanlrd Alriander In ll.la*|.
nadllkln, Kuaiatlilua, In Ida noira U|Hinlh« Ihlril llladel
lliininr, (na Dr. Ilarnard hare hitornia na.) aayt. Thai
"Ihlal'alliaihiiiira wruir, how ilia raniphylian aaadM
lint nnly ii|wn a paaaa||v for Ali-iandcr, hut, ilali.i and
rlevalliin lia watiirt,ilid pay hlinliomn|catllaliin(."—
Hirat'o'aarroiinl la ihta, llrai. h. «lv, n. fimt. •■Now
nlioili I'haM'lU la (flat narrow paaaair.liy thai
Ihrotmli which Alaiandar lad lila army. Tl
innunlnln lallad Cilinai, which adjiilna toi
I'ainphyUa, laavlng a narrow pnaaaiie on I
which III culm wcatiicr la hare, aoiiaiiiha paa._..
tnvi'li'ia, hni whan Ilia ai'a iivirlloH-a, it la rovariiSto
] a (trciil dr^'ri-n liy wavci. Now Ihan.tha aaccnl hy (lie
I innmnalna Mint round bIuhii, and, aiifp, in atlll wea
I thi'r lliay niB^i' iwa of Ilia road ahinn iJLul roiitt. Hul
I Alcinniltir fi II lino tha winlar aoa«in, Mi coininlltlnt
I hlinm^ll'rlilelly lo furlnna, licinairhrdruii before (b*
Wave* retlrrd, nnd to II laiipani-d that they w*r* B
whole duy In jaur«*ylni ofir li/hnd were under WB>
I icr iiain Ihn navrl."- Arlaii'aac'oui'l ia ihla, b. I, p.
|7i.'. ?3. "Whan Alaianilcr riinored frum riiat*lki,h«
I taut eomn part of Ida nriny over llie niounlalna lo P«r.
I iia^ whirli road Ih* Thrarlnua nhowid hlni. A dilllrull
I way II wat, iHii alHirt. however, ha lihnteir roiidue-
I ladtlioaa llial ware with hlin hv ibe aea aliore. Tbia
I fuad ia Inipnmahir al any oil.ir tiiiip than when tha
iiorili wind hlowa, (nil if ii i;.iiiiii|i wiml |ifi<vnll,therula
I no puai-iiii! hy Iha ahorc. .\oiv nl Ihlaiinip.ftf^iT atrong
Koulh winila, n north wind Mi-m : and Ihal iiiil wlthoBl
' ll'ii llivinii I'roviilt'iicr, (an Imth he and ihay that were
! wlthhiintu|i|MW'd,)ai>diillWilcdliimanaaaykndqulek>'
|vn««i«a." A|<|iian, when hiiroiuu.ireal.'raarand Ale«-
tmlcr loiimhcr, (IN- Ih'l. I'lvd. h. IUp..^ay,)anv», "That
llicy iNMh duprudi'd on tlivir holdnraa and lotlune, a*
much taonllieirakilMii war. Atan Inttaurcorwlileb,
' Aleiniidnr Journryrd over n iimnlry wliloiii wnrarjii
(ha heal of auniincr, lu Ilic nrarla of |Jnnitar| Ham-
I liiun, and iinlckly paaa<'do\i'r the Hay of I'aninhylla,
whim, hy Uivln* I'rovid) nn, thaaea waa ml olf; due
J riuvlilancfl rcalrnlnliii I'n M't On hit airiiuiil, 11 It
had a)-nt rain whiin he travilid [over tbadiYrrl.]7
I N. It. t^iiicp, Inlhn diiyK of liMapiitta, aa heaanrat
UI, all Ilia more nunicrouii orlglrikl hialoriaiia of ,\ Ir lan
{ dcriavc the arruuiii he haah^iie ael down, a« >o lb«i
I Frovhlantial (oi^g hack of the vvataraof the l>iiiipb|r-
, lian acli, when Imi waa (uinf With hhiarniv lodealrof
llie reiilan inoiiBrfhy. whirl) Itle forennincd lUtkwB
#
*
f*^--
. *'
■;■■.'',
.•-. ^
. ■ ' '■'■'' ■
a '
.V ■
■ i
w t- -..-■- ■,,,■■■•..; -"—..-"T. -■—-■—»< 'vniaf I '"■'"'"■"""""■■" "r- '»""^ "'a rorennini'ii ^uiawM
thL. iJri JJm Jil '.""". ""fi!?*" "^ til* tour oM au- foundation, that Jo«plm* la h«r« Idamrd, ty a >m« lalB
uorainaialill remain, aalo thlairanaitor Alaiander I "-'■— '————•■■ — ..— i— . — ' . ..--
liwaf*BlOT*rUMramphyllauH•*; iBMBadf Cailto- I
\ 9
aanfti) or Phenlclan ihepherat,
>f E«yptl»'o (..atoaan or Phetl-
ta^JrilaaH. Biaehoatstba,
I ,ipw,,us**w.,, ..in. 4ua,-|iiiM« .■ .».», ..inni.'n, fy a mie law
Wrilira. for quoting Ihoan anrianl anlbora i|iOb UB
I praaent occation. Sot eaa lli« ttAecUiMa Bf fW
It ■
v\
09
ANTIQUITIES OF T«E JJEWS.
^^';Mis^ .
fiiiinK It, itS b« conjectured th»t thii Rko h»n.
ftaea by Divine Providence, that >o they might
not be uetlitute of weaponi. So when he had
ordered the .Hcbrewi loerm IhciUDilvei with
Itrcb, or any olher eulbor Inter tli*A Jdiephui, be in
the lemrt here illeurd te rdnlradivt.liiiii. Juaophui
wenll^ elMlie etiitence he tlieii hnil, nnil llinl evi-
dence of Ilie JMit lultaenlle sort nbo. tk> that what-
them, he led them to ipodnt Sinai, in order to
ofler incriflce to Uod, and to render oblation for
the ulvationof the multitude, at he wu charged
beforehand.
everllie mdderna may think of the thing itMlf,lher«
i* henre, M the leaat color for flndlnc fault with Joee-
pliuii; he would rather hare been nuebtoUama had ha
omitted theae quotation*.
BOOK III.
OONTAlIf iNO THE INTERVAL OF TWO YEAKfl.-FhOM THE EXOIJ|0B OUT OF EOVPT, TO THB
IffcjECTIO.'J OF THAT CENEttATION.
Hotp Mont, when he Itad brought Ihe People out
if ^^/>'< '"' "■'"i '0 mount Sinai, but not till
they had lOffered much in their Journti/.
.' f 1. When the Hebrewi had obtained auch n
wonderful dclivurunce, the country wa» a great-
trouble ti>^t)icni, for it wu> ciitirt>ly a ilraelrt, and
without hII lustcnance for them; and alau hud
exceedinf^ little water, to that it not only wat
not at all tufficient for the men, but not enough to
feed any of the cattle, for it wat parchrd up, and
had no moiiiturc that might afford nutriment to
lhe'TeKetA>lct; to thev were forced to travel
over tiiit country, at tiavioK no other Country
but thit to travel in. They had indeed carried
water along with theih from the land over Which
they had trav,elled before, at thair conductor had
bidden tbciu: but when that was tpent, they
were obliged to draw water out of wellt, With
paid, by reason of the hardiictt of the »oil.
Moreover, what water they founfl wat bitter,
and not fit for drinking, and thit in sniall.quanti-
tiet alto. And at they thus travelled, they came
late in the evening to a place calird 'Marali,'*
which had this name from ^he badnrit of itt
wa'ter, for Mar denotet bittcmest. Thither tliey
cams afflicted, both by the tedioutnest of {ht/ir
joaruey, and by their want of food, fur it entirdv
failed them at Ihattime. Mow' here wat a well,
'which matle them choute to tto)- in the place,
which, although it were not suflicirot to satisfy
to great an army, did yet afl'ord them rome com-
fort, at found |n tucn desert placet; for they
heard from those that had been to tearch, thai
there was notliing to be found, if they travelled
farther. Yet wns this water bitter, and not lit
for men to drink; and -not only to, but it VjM
intolerable even toithe cattle themselves.
2. When. JAji/ta wM how much the people
were cait dcrf^andthat'the occatioii of it cuuld
not be<«(Sntradicte'd'. fur the people were not iii
ti^''^tuie of a (Complete army \>i men, who
'might oppOie a manly fortitude to the necessity
that dittretted them ; the multitude of the chil-
dren, and of the women alto, being of too weak
Capacitiet to be. persuaded by reaton, blunted
the courage of the nien tliemselvet. Motet
'therefore wat in great difficulties, and made
every body's calamily to be hit own: for thejr
ran all of them to hi|n, apd begged of him; the
womin begged for their infantt, and the uien for
the women, that he would not overlook them, but.
would procure tome way or other for their deli-
vemnce. lie therefoi-e betook himself to prayer
to God, that he would change the water from iU
present badness, and make it fit for drinking.
And when iioij had granted him that favor, he
tiiok the top of a slick that lay down at hit|'eet, ■
and dividtd it in the middle, and made the tac-
tion lengthwise. He then let it down into tha
well, and j)er(iuaded the Hebrcwt thiit God had
hearkened to his prayers, and bad promised to
render the water «ucli as they desired it to be,
in case they would be subservient to_ him in what
lie should enjoin them to do; and thit not after a
remiti or negligent manner. And when they-
asked, ;what thev were to do in order to hava the.
water changed ibr the better, he bid the strong-
est men. among them that ttood there, to draw
up water ;t and told them that when thegreateit
part was- drawn, up, the remainder would be fit
to drjnk: So they labored at it till the water
wat to agitated and purged at to be fit to drink.
3. And now j^moving from thence, the_y camo
toKlinl; which place looked well at a dittance.
for there wat a grove of palm-treet; but wheit
they caine near it, it appeared to be abSd plaCe,
for the palm-treet were no more than leventy,
and thfy were ill grown and creeping trees, by
the' want of witcr, for the countrj- about wat all
|>aichtd, and no moitture sufficient to water them,
and make them hopeful and useful, was derived
to them from Wic Ciuntaint, Which were in num-
bc» twelve; they werei rather a few muitt placea
than s|>ring9, which not breaking out of the
ground, nor ninnijig oyer, could not aufficiently
water the trees. And when thiy dug into the
sand, they met with no water; and if they took
a few drops of it into their hands, they found it
to be useless, on account of its mud. The tree*
also were too weak to bear fruity for want of beinff
sufficiently cherished and enlivened by the wa»
ter. So they laid the blame on their conductor; '
and tnade heavy complaints against him; and
said, that this their miserable state, and the ex-
perience they had of adversity, wei« owing to him,
for that they had then journeyed an entire thirty
I
1%
* Or. Bernard take* notice here, that thit plare. Mar,
where the watert were bitter, it called by the Tynans
and Arabiana Marari, and by the SyVJant aoiiictimet
Moralh, alt derived froA the Hebrew Ha'r: he also takes
aotke, that it it called the bitter fownUIA by Pliny him-
aair Which watert remain there toibia day, and are
atitt bitter, at Thevenot aasurca ut; and that there are
^*o abiindanca of palm-tree*, tee bit Travels, part i.
chap. M»i. p. Ida.
. t The additkint here to Hoaei'a account of the »seet-
aning ofth&wat«ratMarah,ieem derived from tome
ancient profane authoriaad lie inch an author also «a
lobka let* aiithentle than areniually' followed by Joie-
^a*. - Fhito ha* not:a*yllabie of theae addltiont, nor
any atbei more ancknt witter that we know of. Had
' epUu* writt<n thtaa hia Aothmitie* for the u«o of
Jews, he would hardly have xhren them these very bitter and barren ii^liif naar Jeriebo.. Of ib*
improbabl«cireuniitancei;butwritui|to<}*tttilr«,Uiat b.it^^eb8p.yiU.(eet 3',.
they might not complain of hit omis*loi» oraay aceaunia
of luch niirarlea derived flromUentilet, h* did not thinl(. -
pioper to conceal what he had met with there abont
till* matter; whkh procedure is^pertectly aRreeable to
the character and uiaKeof Jeaepliu* upon many ccea-
tiont. ThI* note iii \ confen, barely conjectural: and
tinra Joaephu* neirer tells u* when- nio own copy, ta-
ken outof tlic temple, badtiicb^ddttiont, or when anf
ancient note* supplied thenc' or: hidetd when tbey ai«
dariTed front Jewlah, and when flrom t^entUe antiqni-
iy, we can go nb ftrtber than bare conjecture* Ui*aeb
caaea; only the notkm* of Jew*' were generally *o dif-
ferent from lbo*e ofG«!htUea,that we may aometimaa
make no Improbable conjeeiure* to wbieb aort rack ad>
dithina belong. 8ee alto tobiewhat like tbcaa addltioaa
in Jii*ephii»^ account of EH«ha'« making twertthe
"Wwi
•4'
1'
rani,
togatl
.4
1
^:-.:-
y
BOOK IIL— CHAP. I.
ss
I <
. i 'I.
.'. f.
i»j»r*ni htd ipant all tha jaroTiiioni ihtf had
brought with theui, and nieolini; with no relief,
tiray wen in a verjr dnpondlni; romlitiun, And
by Oiing (heir attention upon nothinv but their
present niiirortuneii, they were hindered fruiu
renieniberinfp what (leliveruiicet thry hnd recei-
red from God, and thoie by the virtue and wii-
doni of Moiea alto; «o thty were 'ttry an^pry at
their conductor, and were lealoui in their at-
tempt to stone hiui, ai the direct occasion of their
present miseries. '
4. But as for Moses himself, while the multi-
litde were trritated and bitterly set aniiist hiai,
he cheerfulljr relied upon (iud. and u|)<in the con-
sciousness of tl>e care he had taken of these hi*
dWn people : and lie cauie into tlie tiiidit of them
•Ten while they clamored against him, and had
stones in their hands in order to despatch him.
Row be Was of an agreeable presence, and very
able tu persuade the people by hi* speeches; ac-
cordinglv, he began to mitigate their angers aud
eihortej them not to be overmindful of their
present adversities, lest they should thereby snf-
4 Jer the bcuelits that had formerly been bestowed
on them to slip out of their memories; and he
Jesired ihem by no means, pn account of their
5 resent uneasinfsi, to cast those great and won-
erfut favors and gifts, which they had obtained
of God out of their minds, biit to expect deli-
vernnceout of those their present troublea, which
they could not free themselves from, and this
by the means of that divine Providence which
watched oter them; seeing it is probable, that
Ood tries tiMir virtue, and exercises their pa-
iieoce bytbca* adversities, that it may appear
-what fortitude they have, and what memory they
retain of his foi^r wonderful works in their fa-
vor, and whether thcjr will not think of them
upon occasion of the miseries they now f<*fl. lie
told them, it appeared they were not . really good
men, either in (ntience, or in remembering what
had been successfully doijjs fur them, sometimes
br contemning God and his commands, when by
. those commands they left the laud of Kgypt, andl
sometimes by behaving'.themselvcs ill towards
him who was the servant of God, and tl)ts"when
he had never deceived them, either in what he
•aid, pr had ordered theiii to dd by Uud'a coni-
mands. He alsopVit them in mind o'f nil that liad
passed: how the Egyptians were destroyed when
they attempted to detain them, buntrary to the
command of God; and after what manner the
very same river was tb the oth^rr bloody, and
not fit for drinking, but was to tjsem sweet, and
fit for driuking; arid how they wjnt a new road
through the sea, which'tteda loiig..jvay from
them, by which very means they were themselves
S reserved, but saw their enemies destroyetl ;Und
lat when they were iji want lif weapons, pod
B»*« themplcnty of them;>nd so he recou
all the particular instaiu:ea, how^hen they^^^^e,
'" ■PP«*'"nce, just going to bajdestr'oyed^
jj"} "T™ *hem in a surprising manner: that he
^ad still the same power; and that they ought
not even now to despir of his providence over
thert: and accordingly he exhorted them to con-
tinue quiet, and to consider that help would npt
come too late, though it come not immediately.
If It be present with them before they suffer niiy
great juisfortune; that they ought to reason thus;
that God delays to assist them, not because he
has no regard to them, but because he will first
tnr their fortitude, and the pleaiure they take in
their freedom, that he may learn whether' you
nave souls great enough to bear want of food,
•nd icarcity of water on its account; or whether
you love to oe slaves, as cattle are slaves to such
u own them, dRd feed them liberally, but only
ill order to make them more useful in their Mr-
vice. That as fur himself, he shall not be so
much concerned for his own preservation; fur if
ha die unjustly, he tliali nut reckon it any afflict
tion, but that he is cunctrnrd for them, lest, by
casting slonrs at him, they should be thought to-
condemn God himself,
5. By this means Moses pacified the people,
and restrained them from sinning him, and
brought Ihem to repent of what tliev were going •
to do. And because he thuiighl (lie necessity,,
they were under made their pusaion less uiMi-
tifi:ible, be thought he ought to apply hinitelFto.
God by prayer and auppliration; end going up
to an eminence, he requested of God some auCi
cor for the people, and aume way of ilelivrranca
from the nrant they were in, li(;cau«c in him,
and in him alone, waa their hope of aalvatiun:'
and he deaired that he would (urgive'wiiat ne-
ccaaitv had furced the p.eople tiS (lo, aince such
was ihie nature of mankind, hanl topleue, and ^'
very complaining under udversilieii. According-
ly, God promised he would lake care of them,
and anonl them the succor they were desironi -
of. Now when Moses had heard this from God,
he came down to the iliultitudc. itiit as soon ,i
as they saw him joyful Bt'the promiseibhe had .
received from (»pd, they changed their sad ,
countenances into gladness. Su he placed hiiii-
self ill the midst of theui, and told them hetame
to bring -them from God a deliverance out of
their present distresses. Accordingly, a little
after came a vast number of qiiaita, which is aT' -
bird more plentiful in this Ara^n gulf than any ,
where else, flving bver the aeii, uul lu»verea<"
oyer them, till, wearied »\it»i their lal^oriou*
'flight, and indeed, aa uaual.,llving Very near to
the earth, they fell down upon thellebr|w8,who''
caught them, and aalisfied fhcir hunger «vith .
them, and supposed that this was tha methods
whereby God meant to supply them with food.
Upon which Moais reMjrned thonks to God- for
anurding them his aasistHiice . acr suddenly, and
Booper than he had pi oniised them." s> . ■„ ' K
6. But presently after this fi*«t supply of fowl,
he sent them a second : for aa Mosva wiia lifting -^
up his hands in nrayen, a dew fell down? and
Moses, when he iouTuLit slick to his hands, sup-
posed this was also cSnic fur food from God to
them; he tasted it, and |i«rcclyiiig that tli'e peo-
ple knew nut what it was, and tliought it snowed,
and that it was what usually fel| at thut time of
tlie year, he infarnied thvui, tlint this dew did
not fall from' heaven after the manner they
imagined, but came for their preservation and sus-
tenance. So life tasted it, and gitve them some
ef it, that they niight be satisfied about what ha
had tuld th(:m. They 9I80 imitated their coo--
ductor. and were plr.ised witTi the food, for it was
like honey in sweetness and pleasant taste, but :
like in Its bo<ly to bdellium, one uf the iw'eet
apices, but iH-')|igness equal to curi»nder-seed. '
And very earnest they wjre in ^thering it;-b'ut
tliey were enjoiiicd to gather it equally ,* th6 ..
measure of a Homer for each iiiau every day,
bceauae this food should hot come in tooMiiall a
quantity, lest tlie Weaker might nut be able to
get their ahafe, by reason c^ the overbearing of
the strong in collecting it. However, tnesa
strong men, when- they had'gathe^cd more that
the measure appointed for then-, they had no
nioi^ than others, but only tired themselves
more in gathering it, for they found no more
than a homer apiece; add the advantage the/
got by what was superllnous was ndne at all,'it
eorniptiiig, both by the worm* breeding in it.
and by its bitterness. So divina and wondetful
a food this was! It also supplied the want' of:
•I
, P*?"" '?..'''*i'''^°'". yhst Mosea. Exod. ivl. 18. «t.
real, it Oor. vlli. 15. and Joiephua here aays, compared
<<>|«(bcr,tliat the quantity of manna that reUdaUy,and
did nnl imtrity. trns jim Mi iimrh as rsms tn a tini—
apiece tbroafhMM'wholehfit of btM awtnomot*.
'■'^.,
^
-fr. —
\
04
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
other lorti of food WlhoM lh«i fed on it. And
II '
11
i
V
crennow In »ll ihnt pl«ce Ihii manna comM
down in min,» nccopHinK to whtt M<)j«« then ob-
tained of (Jotl, to wnd 11 lothe |.«ople for their
initenanre. A'»W thd" llebrewi call Ihii food
•manna,' for the portirle 'man/in our lanenant,
ia tlic aakingof a qufntion, What i« thitf So the
Hebrews were very joyful at what w«»«€nt them
from heaven. Now tliey made une of thia fooil
for forty year*, or a« long at they were in th^
wilderneii. > ' ^
7. A* iiobn at they, were removed Mienre, iney
came to Rephidiui, beinp ilintrmrd to the last
degree br tliirKt '. anil while in the foregoing dayii
they had lit on a few aninll fouhtnini, but now
found the enrth entirely deililute of water, the;r
were in an "evil caje. They agaf{i turned thc^ir
anger aguiiiit Mmea; but ne at firtt avoided the
fur/ of the miiltitiide, and then betook hinnelf
to prnyeir to tlod, beseeching him that as he had
given them foml when they were in the greatest
want of ii, so he would give tiMJgai drink, sine«
the favor of giving them food was of no vijue
to them whil* they had nothing to drink. And
Ood did not/delay to give it them, but proini««d
Motes that /he would procure them a fountam
and picntv'of water from a plac*; they did iwt
expert any: so he coiumandetl hiin to smite the
rockf which they saw lyine there, with his rod,
and out of it to receive penty of what they
wanted; for he had taken cart', that uirJnk should
come to them without any labor or pains-taking,
When Motes had, received thjs comni^nd from
Ooil, be Came to Hie people who waited for him,
and looked upon him, for they saw already that
he was coining apace from his eminence. As
ioon as he was come, he,toId them that God
would delivr.r them from their present distress,'
bid had granted them an unexpected favor;
and informed them, that a river shouM rhij for
their takes out of the rock. But tlwy \vcre.
•mazed at that he-'ring, supposing they were of
• neciissitv to cut the rock in pieces, no* they
^were diitreiwd by their thirst and by their jour-
ney ; while Moses, only smiting the rock with hit-
rod, opened a passage, and out of it burst o)xX
water, and that in great abundance, 'tind very
clenr. But they ' were astonishsd" at tlyu .won-
derful efftBl; lind, as it wefP, quenched their
thirst by the very sight 6fit..«o,thjpy4lt»rik this
pleasant, this swi'et walet; and siich, it teemed to
be. " might well t? ■«»1"''*«"<' where God *Xt
the donor. They Wt'iw also in AOinition how-
Moses wan: honored by <''o\U Biiph# W9<le
Krateftil retiirntof sacrifiees to G,#II)!'^^lt 1*^
v«(«nr« towiird* them;: .Ndj* ' tfliit ' ipriptuTf
whirfi It lawl iij) in the teniplf-l i»ifo*(ii» >}, hqw
Go^ foretold to Moses, thiit w?ter sJioultl m thif
tnaoncrbe derived <)«t of tko'rock. ;. J > ,;• ;
■:,':;'',;':';; ipHAP. .II. •■/.■'. ■■:■■;■..■.■:■
HotB the Ai»>alekilt$,and the r(tif:}dforiHfC jya;
tion$, mtiit mar toilh thi I/tbrcwt, ana Uer^e
btaitaiattdhit agftaffifrliiifihtirAriiny.
{ 1. TflK name of the Hebrews beghit already ;
to be enl'lfy where renowned, Widrilinortabpot'
' *Tli)<m|<|ioi«l, that thelweet hb^y dew^oTinaniUi,
•0 eeliArated in ancient ntul modern nutbort, a>. fttUlDii
osqalty in ATslila, was Of ilie very s-imfejort with this
' mallna sciitto the Ipranlilesj tavors. mOrCttf Qenlilism
thtnof Jiirtaism or Chtlstinnity. ti it not imptohablB
that tome anrieni Oeiitile autlior, rend ti||r Joscpliua, to
ihoiuht. pM wouldhe here ronlradirt hiiiii, tliouiih just
taforMinil Antiq. B. ivicliap. ill. sect. U. he tcemt dl-
MclW V allow that it bad not lieeii teen htfote. Mow-
cter, tnia food>firdm ttet^tim it here deiuVthed to lie * Uke
mow;' arid iii ATra|>»nU«. a lieathcn writer, lilt am-
hated to ^ihea1,HI[btoiMilm«it,ltt«pl0rnkl>l^an(»^i
r»<n « * da wn hy ti Ui d i * V m nv onrhenl d tert a H^iinl. i r
■n abroad. Thit made the iohabitanli of
thote (inuntritt to be in no aniall fear. Accord,
iacly, they sent ambassadors to oni another, and,
exhorted one another fb defef d tbini'elvcs, am)
to endeavor to destroy these nien. Those' that
indureil the rest to do so, were such »s inhabited
Gnbolitis and rclra. They were called 'Ami- ,
lekiles,' and were the most warlike of the ■>•% >
tipns that live,d thereabout; and Whose kings •!•
hoEtrd oiti^ another, and their neighbors, to go '
to this war against the Hebrews; telling them that >;
an army of slraiiRers mil such a one as bad' ruli
away from slavVry upil^r the Kgj ptiant,, l*y m
wait to ruin thei|^wii*lr artiiy tliey wer» hot, in,;.;
common prudenW ajnl Jregard to their own safe-. ;;
ty, to overlook, Ijiit (o <!ru«h tliiem before they fa-
ther strength, and come to be in prosperity, anA
perhaps attack them first in a hostile manner, Mt ;
pretaming'upon onr indoleniie in not .attacking
them before; Mid that wW'Oilght to av«nge our-
selves of them for what they have done in the
wilderness, but that this cannot be so well done
when they have once laid Ihiir han'ls on our
cities, arid biir goods: that Ihbte who endeavor ;
to cruth a powwr *n itt fint rite, are wi'titr than
thote that endeavor t*> put A ttpp to itt pro-
{(ress, when it, is become farmidable; for these
Bst teem to be angiy only at the Ao'urishing of
otheirs, but the fornitr do not leave any ro.mi for
their eriemiea to become troublesome tor them.
After they had sent tuch embatsaget to the
neighboring nations, and among^one apotheri ■
they resolved to attack the Hebrews in batt|ii.
2. These proceedings of the people of these ^,
countries occasioned perplexity ""g^ffift^'" '"
Moses, who expected no tuch WaM|[|i»epara-
tlont. And when' these nations vMl^imiy to
fight, and thp multitude of tlfe Hflni|||ll were
obliged to try the foHune of war^. they Were ih a ^
mighty disorder, and in want of all necaMwiei,' ':
and yet were to makewar with. men wh* Were
thoroughly well prepared for it. Then therefore
.k wai that Motet began to dncqurage them, apd
fos exhort them to have a good heai't, and rely'on
GoH't asiittance, by which they had been nd-^.^^
vi)nced into a state of fretdorii, arid to hope for '. .
victory over those who were ready tofight with ■
them, inbrdjer to d^6prive them o(^ theft blessing. \
''I'hat they were to suppose their ow«urmy to bif
numerous,, wanting notnBfcneither weapons,
tiqr moiieyj^ trnf-.-proVisiions, noTsoch other conve-
tilence* as when men are in possession of, the/; .
gg^t imdauntedly; and that th«y are to judge
thfcmselves to. harejill theft .advalStaget in the
divine ail}«(an«el They are also to suppose the
■enerty't arniX fo ■Nt'Simall, unarmed, weak, and
tuch. ft* w«irt; ihos4 convenienoM '«hlch",Wfy ■
Ariow ^«I^i«l tit' «!int«d„wh!?i» il;it<iod's.i«wll'tliat ':,
'ftiey »h*tl;blfe W»leJ>- :Al»dh6>r- valuable God'i
assistance "h, tley. hid fexpiirjinied iit ab«n- .
rtanife (Sf tWal»; aiiid thSse- iliifth as were toore '•.
terrible than ♦irSi^, fbr that is oply„as«il^J* men; •
biitj these were against famine ■i(if4hint;.thihg|s
utdeed thfttVere tit#iiirowhhatin!lpliiaiiiiljji(f^^^^
.at alsoag9Trittniount8tn», and that^tSafwtiSflh af- „.
fordeil T^in no' mj of irscapinesytt had alt ;
these di£onttictv been tonqntred ol»y God'Agftt:. ,
ab
V
pt
''' ail
th
to
w<
-•- er
the
a dividend or inrtion aUotted to fverj' one. (t tannrtf*
m»: I Iridlri**? tha latter. derivation. Thlt itufttn^is
«oned»aBS«la''food/P»otJXvW.8^>iBd:by.oiir,Pi»»fpii>,"
>ahn vi.3l. *e. as weUaaliy Jotanliflalitfe a)^ fl^- .
Wl^ipoV Aollq. B. lil. €hn(i. V. sect, ill, (iaid to bc.t**' the
fcVi^irt^OiA heaven. ... , ' '
' tTOIttotlfh then! Ijillils day, nil thelravehata agree,
and roUiA m the inme at 'wtft there in tliedaya of
Moaet, at fielhf too large m he bf ouilit thiUier l>y ear
.tabderncarriaitet.' ':.:^^-l,- t- ■■.," '
•'■ iN6l«li««.thattlii»imB»liO0k8ftWpWntlp«'l»Wt
of^l<Me»,tsevertak)to4i«lai^ up in the holy iioina
ItMlf; hufflie larger Pentateuch, as jhm,. «o»j>gwft*5*
p*Bd.f.«19. Out «s to the deriyaiiOn .otitl^e word
'iaanna,*wh4tt
•igntflediWW
nuniia,* whatlief jfrum Man.'which J<i*e4>hi))iinyat]i«^
- k|llt<tr()hAn*|naB«(di/to^«i4e. ^x'lf-
witiiinihclimitt of the temple and it* CRilfti only
8e«.Aiitk|..B..r.cba..aset I?-;:,.' '.'.
:"■:■■..■-,■ .'■■ .. 't:">\, ^--■' . ■-::■.'
BOOK III.-CIiAP.lIL
6ft
.\
ic inhtbitinli of
I iVar. Accord.
nnt nnollifr, and
tbeni'elvMr And
tn. TIiom' that
luch >• inhabited
re called 'Ama-
rlike of the Mo
Whoie kin^i »%•
leitrhbor*, to go
UMum thrin that
I nn» ai bait run
;ej i)fi»ni„ Hf In
llicy were hot, in,
their own «afe-
m before they ga-
1 pnxperity, and
Oitile manner, li
in not attacking
t to avcn|i;e our<
lave done in the
t he ao well done ^
ir han<)a on our.
lie who endeavor : ":
e, are wi'itr than
I itpp to it* pro-
iilable; for these
the Ho'urisliing of
fBve any ro^ini for
>l<>iionie tor them,
nbaijagea to the
)ng«one apothefj •
ebrews in battle.
! people of thene .;
,y andlM^ble to ; -
n imn^w were
an they Were ih e ^
of all neceweriei,' •':
Ihiiien who Were
. Then therefore
:piirage them, apd
deai't, and rely on
ley had been ed-^,.^
II, aiid to hope for" v
cady to fight with
\ of that bicuing. v
ir owit^my to b« \
neitlier weapon*,
such other conre-
^ssctsibn of, thejv "
Ihey are to judg«
idvaliitBgea in the
ito to tupiwae the
larm^d, weak, and
ences 5«tilch-,Wey ■■ .
;ii(Jod'»i«!»illTOM' '■;
iV-tftluable God's
If^nted iit aban>
!h as were ftiore '' ", ■
0|iiy„aK»l^J*>ien;.- ,
Mf4.l)tnt;.things
atuTiB'ija9iiri*'Bl>l^i
thatsSalwbSdliaf- ._
,pilie;,y«t had aW; ; ,
r«d>r §W*JS'*i.< !':
ieri' anii;lt'ii"i(ihi*f^- "■'"<
lon,:v.'h,|i,;i(M^l» ■,[',
i,ftHd:tiy:i>ar,Bi>vf»ii»."
nUtaatKice sM bN-V
invtRiitl^lieWittlie.
utile tra»eHer» agree,
there in the diiya of
U(ht Ihittier by eor ;
eflMpirintlpaMaws
^tn the bely liooia
B9 here,, aomewbtre
knd itf cwlrU only
ciduk aindiiets to them. So he exhorted thein to
■-■A
■' V X
f':
B
I their
«■■.'■■
IM couraKeuuH Ki luMliuie, anil to iuok iipuii
•utire prosperity to iltipchd on the priieul con-
quest of tbeir eiicinies.
3. And with tlirMt word* did Moacs encourage
the' multitude, who then cnlkd toother the
princes of their triben, and tht ir chiel men, both
a<>pamtely aqd conjointly. The youitfj^ nicn ha
charged to obey their elders, and the' elders to
hearken to th< ir leader. i>o the people were
elevated in' their inimis, and ready to try their
I'oriune in butllr, and hopt-d tu be thereby at
' l<)n(;th deliverrd J'roni all their miarriea: nay,
they desfred thai Moses would iiiimediutely lead
theni agaimltheir en<'iuieii without the least de-
|iy, that nabackwanlness might be a hindrance
(0 (heir present rewliilion, ?ii Moses sorted all
that werii fit ttiir war into, diirerenl troops; and
ttk Joihua, the spu of '!Nun, of the tribe of
Ephntini, Over thciii; one that-.,was of great cou-
rage,_ aud inticnt to uiidergtf.tabQrt; of g4-e«t
ablliticli to uudcriitaiid, and'.to s)>^iili whrnt wits
proper; and very sprious iii ihe.>Wji>rship.of God;
ttid indeed made, like aiiother'lnosesi^ teacher
of piety towards tjod. He alstf appoi|t%l^St iiiiall
party of thiearineiir n^<<^n to b$i near tftf^.U^utiar;
and to tniM) care of the child|eii. ahdlj^it! >tfo|ueny
and of the entire cauip. /fcolfeat, ■.Whole 'night
thev prepareij tlieuis(>lves.for4iiu bt^ttle: tfiey
tooK their weupolia, if any of Iheiii had^uch as
ware w«Jil Made, and attended to their coiiiinandT
en, asffady to rush fortji to thelwttir, as suoii
aa; Moses soould j^ive.'the word of coiiiiiiahd,
Mosea also kept awake,: teachiin^ JpsljrUa .after
what manner he should, order iMs C<tiiip. but
when the day be;^n, MoKi called for Jofthu*
again, and- exhorted hinilo approve biiutelf ' in
deeda, such a one' na his repiitatipn made uien
eX^$;tfroiii hintit, Qiid to gain glory by the pre-
aeat expedition, in the- op'inion of those uuder
hiiu, for his exploits in this battle. He also gave
a particular exhortation to the principal men of
the Hebrews, and encouraged the whole army
■ 1 .'v^'
' t'. •
■i'.
a* it Mood armed before him. And when he hadl refreshed the army «ith.f«a^ing. And thus did
thus aniUiated the army,- both by his words and '■-— '=-'-* -*--'' — t.x.i .■-^•., -t .. .
. works, and prepa,icd every thing, he retired to a
, mountaijn,,ilfld committed the army to God and
toJQshiiai . ,
4> Se'the armies joined battle; and it came to
Mtose 6ght hand to hand, both sides showing
greAt alacrity, and encouraging one another.
And indeed wbile Moses stretched out his hand*
towardtf heaven,* the Hebrews were too hard for
the Amalekites: but Mose* . not being able to
Rustain his hand* thu* stretihed out, (for as
often us he let down his hands, so often wjK his
,. /own people Wor.<>ted,) he had his brother Aaron,
\: and Hur, their sister Miriaai 'a husband, to stand
' on each side of hiiii, and talce hold of his hands,
and not permit biii weariness to prevent it, but
to assist him ill the extensiuu of his hands.
When this was done, the Hebrew* conquered the
'Amalekites by main force; and indeed they had
4ll perished, unless the apMoach of then>gnt had
■ obliged the Hebrews to desist from killing any
y. tnOre^ So our forelRithers obtained a most signal
and riio|t seasonable victory; for they not only
overcame those tbat'fouglit against them, but
, terri6ed also the> neighboring nations) ' ai\d gut
■ great a'id splendid advantage, Which the^ ob>
. tained' of'.iih'cir eneini^ bv their hard pain* in
this battle; for when they had taken the enemy's
c|U(iip, they got ready booty for the public, aud
■.•.■v.'i'.v. ■ ."'■•-■ V-.' ■ ;
' '"'{■ '*'rhii entinelit.eircuniatanee, that Whtje Moees'a
iinti Were Mty up towards heaven, the Isracliles pre-
..' 'vail(|d, and while they Were letdownlowardsthe earth,
'. t^e Aawlekiiiiis {ircvuileil, seems to nie the earliest iull-
Mtitie^ weh'lkv?^ ■he' proper posture, used of old, in
' ilwlHi priiy<;r,Wr4rh.was the stretcliing out of the
i
i t J ai'Ca,i > ^,cy' «» ) toWhr i t s heav ai
nWhr i t s heav a n , a s other r rissi as a >
Testament inform us. Nay, m th
'\ ffii'W iiMd7New Testament inform us. Nay, Iw the
; ^kj; ilila poBtnm semastobaTe continued Mi tM (;btto<
for the
private Auililiea, whereas till then
they bad nut any nort of plenty, of even neccs-
sarv food. The furementiuued battle, when lliey
had once got it, was also the occnsiim of thmr
prua|icrity , not ui'il^ lor the present but for the fu-
ture ages also; fur they not only made slaves of
the bodies of their eneiiiun, but aubdued their
minds alHo; and, after lhi« iiultle, liecuine terri-
ble to all (hat dwelt found about them. More-
over, ther.uc(|uir<'d n vast quantity of riches: for
u great deal of silver and gulil was left in the.
ciieiiiy's camp; ;as also bruxen vt-*s«|s, which
they iiiadeKouiiiion use of in their fuinilius; luauy
utensils also that were eoibroidcreit tliere were
of both sorts, that is, ofVwhat were weuvcd, and .
what were the ornaments of their ariiior, aniw
other things that served for use in the fauiily,
and for the furniture of their rooms; they gut
also the nrey of their Cattle, an^|||pf ataoever
uses to followcani|i* wheii they iSj^e from one
place (o ano(her. So the Hebrew* now valued
theuitelves upon their courage, and claimed
great merit for their valor; and they pcrpetual-
iV inured themselves to take pains, liy which (hey "^
jleeilied every dilKculty might be surtnouAtedl
n»uch were the consequences of this battle.
6. On the next day Moses atrippcd the dead
bodies of. their enemies, and gathered (oge(her .
Ilie afmor of- (hose tbi(.t Were lied, and gave re-
ward^ 'to such aa had signalixed themselves in
the action; and highly coinniended Joshua, their
getferal, who was attested to by all the army, on
aeObuMtpf^the great artibiis be had done. Nor
Was any olie of tlie Hebrews slain; but the slain
of (he enemy's army were loo many to be enu-
merated: •o'Moaes offered sacrifices of thanks-
giving to Gp.l; arid built an altar, which he
named, 'th^IiOrd the Conqueror.' He alao fore-
told that the, Amalekites should utterly be de-
stroyed;, and that hereafter none of them should
remain', because they fought against the He-
brews, and this tvben thry were in the wilder-
ncss, and ik their distress alao. Moreover, he
they fight t|!i<. first ,batUe'willf (hose that ven-
tured to oppo*e them, after they were gone out
of Egypt. &ut,w1)rn'M!6ses had celebrated thi* '
festival for the victory^ he perhiitted (lie He-
brew* to rest for at few day*, aiidtt|Eu he brought
them out after the fight, in o'rdeP of battie; Tor
they had . no;v many soldiers in light armor.
And going graduHlly ou^ he came to Mount S^.
nai, in three months' time after they were re-
nibved out of Kgypt; at which mountain, a* we
have before reUted, the virion of the bush, and
the other wonderful appeurancea had happeAedf
CHAP. HI.
Thai Mom* kindly rtctivtd his faihetf-in-Lavf,
Jtlhro, tehen he camt Iff him to Jttimnt Sinn.
} 1. Now when Ragnet, Moses's father-in-law, .
understood in what a pro;perou>i condition his af-
fairs were, he willingly came to meet itim: and
Moses took ftpporah his wife, and hi* children,
and pleased himself with his coming. Alid whcic'
he hud oAiftrcd sacrifice, he made a feast for the
multitude near the bush he had formerly seen;
which multitude, every one, according \o fk^r
families, partook of the fea^t. But Aaron and
hia family topk'Raguel, and lung hymns to Osd,
as to him who had been the author and |>rociirar
of their deliverance, nnd their freedom. They '
tian church, till the rter-y, instead of lenrninc their '
prayers liy beart, oendthetn out ofa book, whis4is, in
greai measure. Inconsistent with such an elevated pea-
lure, and whlrh seems tonio to bav* been only a Ufar
prartire, introdurrd under the rorrunt state of the
church, though the ronHtant us* of divine forala of
p r ay er , pr a ise , and th a nl i sii i v l n n, app e a r s t o ni e t o ta vu —
been the praclire of tiod's peoplie, Patriaieba, Jewt, mt
CbrMi«iiii|la ail tbe oast agai.
■r-
M
ANTlUUITllI? OF tJ^B JEWS.
\:'-\
I him by whoM
TirtD* it WM, lh»t all thinw hod tUGceejJed ip
well with th.in., Baguel •&>, in hii euch.rmi-
cbI or«li«m to Mow*. oimI* gre»t cnconiiuiM
■pon the whole nuiltitude: and he could not but
■dnire Mom* tor hit fortitude, and that huma-
nit* be bad *howed in the delivery of hit fricndi.
CHAP. IV. -j
Mow Ragvil piegtilfd to Moiti to ut kit P*9rl*
imOrJtr, undtr tktir RvUtm i^Thmuandt, and
XuUrtid^ HundriJt, who Uttd trithout Ordir
itfltrt: and how Moiti complitd in aUtkingi
wilhkUFmlhtr-itielaia'iMtiuniitian.
} t. Thc next day, M Rag^url law MotM in the
niidit of a crowd ol butinttu, (for he determined
the difl'erencea of thote that referred tbei^ to
bim. e»ery one itill going to him, »nd tuppoimg
that they ihoutd then only ublain juttK-e it hf
were the arbitrator: and, thoie that lott their
cauMi, thought it no harm, while they thought
Uiey loitlhim juitly,and not by j»rtiality.) Ha-
(ucl, however, wid notliin|{ to him at thiit tliii«,
nwii nuwvier, ««iu •■..>■•■>.. — - -•— -.
u not detirout to be any hiudrance to tuch at
liad a mind to niakiyue of the virtue of their
conductor. But arte Ward he took him to liim-
•elf, and when be had hini alone, he iottructed
bim in what he ought to do; and advited him to
leave, the trouble of le»»er cau«ci to olhen, but
Uipieif tq take care of the greater, and ol the
£eople'i iifety i for that cerUio otfaen of the He-
rfcwi might be found thnt were Bt to deleriiiiiiu
cauiei, but thai nobody but « Moiei could Uke
care of the safety of »o many ten (houiandt. , Be
»ol!» therefore^ layt he, imeiiiible of thine *wn
virtue, and what thqu hait done.by minlitering
onder Go4^ the people'! pretervalion. PerniU,
therefore, He dcte'cminatioo of common cauiei
to be done by other*, but do thou^reterve thy-
itlf to the attendance on God onl/; andiook out
for methodi of preaorviiig the uullitii^e from
their preient diitren. Make uie ol the method.
I luggeit to you a« to human affair* ; and take a
Kview of the army, aiid appoint choaen fyU-n
over teni of thouiandi, and then over thouaaiids;
then divide them into five hundred), and team
-^tp hundred!, and into fiflie); and'aa^JMen
over each of them, who majLdistihguiih theltt into
thirtiei, and keep them tn-WileTj and at last num-
ber them by twentiet and% <eni: and Jet there
b« one commander over^iwh number, to be de^*
nominated from the numtjp.of thone over whom
they ire rulers, butthcsc'iwh as tlio whole mul-
titude have tri^, and do lipprovc as being good
•nd righteous men?* and V^t these rulers decide
the controversies thev hive with one another.
But if any great cause ariset let them bring the
cognitance of it before the rulers of a higher
dignity; but if any great difficulty arise, that is
too hard even for their determination, let theui
tend it to thee. Uy these i&eans two advantages
wUl be rained: that the Hebrews will have jus-
tice done them; tmdtilou wilt be able to attend
coniUntly on God, and priwure him to be more
le penon who invented
lui. .ndering of the people, as thinking it righl
to five a true tuslimony to Worthy pertont^ •)•
though ha might have gotten reputalioi) by i*^ '
criblng'to himself the inventions of other «*».
Whence we may learn the virtuous disposition
of-Moses:4uitof such his disiiosition, we th^
have, proper occasion to speak in other plaCaa of
theke Doukt, '
CHAP. V.
Hort MoM$ aititidtd up to Mount Sinmi, and tf
cntiedLav)i/rokGodtmuid4Unr4d thm U
th» -Hthnvn. V
1 1. jiow Moses called the multitude togMhtr
and told them he was going from thrm unto iiiounl
tjinai.to converse with God ; to receive from hiro, ,
and to bring back with him a certain' oracle ; but
he enjoined them to pitch^their (entt near the
mountain, and prefer the ha)>ll|i|on that waa
nearest to God, before one moHH«mote. Wnen -
he had said this, he ascended up to mount Sinai.t
wbicli is the highest of all the muiintains that
are iu tliat country, and is not only very difficult
to be ancended by men, on account of its vast aj-
titiide, but because of the sharpness of ■ its preci- ,
picvtaUo; nay, indeed, it cannot Iw looked tt^
without pain of the eyes: and besides this; it
was ttfriiile and inaccessible, on account of tl|«
rumor that passed about, that God dwelt there.
But the Hebrews rehioyedlheir tents, as Motet
bad bidden them, and took possession of Ihe Ipw-
esi parts oCthemounUin; and were elevated in
their minds, in expectation that Motes would
'return from God with promises of the good thingt
he had proposed to them: to they patted, and
waited for their conductor, and kept tliemtelvea
^ _. :.. »«k..M~iu>«nA<.*ii and nnt irnmilAnvlnt*
fovorable to the people.' (_
2. This wat the admonition of Raguel; aqd
Motet received hi» advice very kindly, and acted
according to hit tuggettion. "Nor did he concefl
the invention of Jhit method, nor pretend to it
himtelf, but informed the multitude who it wat
that invented it: nay, he has named Raguel in
•Tbitmanner of electing the Jndma anaoBfeettof
th« Itraelitei l.y the testlmoniet art •u'Trafea Oflha
Mople, before they .were ordained by Gyd or ny Moat,
SeiM^loJteeaieAilly noted, beeaute It wat the pal-
ten of the like manner of the c«oicaand mrdlnailon of
bWMM, ptetbyters and deacont, In the ChrMlan
ehnreh.
purr, at in other reipects, and not Company ing
with their wivet for three days, as he had before
ordered them to do. And thej praved to tiod,
that he would favorably receive Moses in hii
conversing With him; and bestow some sodigift
upon them hy which they might live well. They
tolso lived more plentifully as to their diet, i»ud
put on their wives and children more ornam vital
and decent clothing than they usually wore.
2. So they passed two days in thit Wf^^
feasting; but'on the third day, before thejaun i
was up, a cloiid spllread itself over the whole camp
of the Hebrews, such a one at none had befoM
seen, and encoliipaised the place where. they had
pitched their tents; and while all the rest of th«
air wat clear, there came strong winda, that
raised up large showers of raihi which became •
mighty tenipcq,t. There was altp such lightning, ,
as was terrible to those that Saw it; and thundery
with its thunderbolts werc''8ent down, and de-
clared God to be there present in a gracious way
to siich as Jtf oses desired he should be gracroua.
Now, as to these matters, every one of my read-
ers may think as he pleases: but I am under n
necessity of relating tbfs history, as it it deicri-
bcd in the tacred bookt. Thit sighf, and the
amaxing sounds that catoe to their ears, ditturb-
ed the Hebrewt to a prodigious degree, for they
were not tuch as'-they were accustomed to: and
then the rumor that was spread abroad, hovi
God freouented that mountain, greatly astonish-
ed their minds; so, they aorrowflillv contained
themselves within their tents, at both lupnosing
Moses to be destroyed by the" divine wrath, and
expecting the like'destruction for thcmtelvei.
chap, xxvlll. p. 188. The other name of it, Horeb, it
oevor use* tiy Jotepbus; and pethap* was Its Jiame
omong ihe Egyptians only, whence the IsraelMea_were
lately come, at BInai was Its name among the ArahJam,
Canaanilet, and other aatioM. Accordfiiyly. when U
Kinn li. 8.) the Bcrlpture tayt that Uljah came to Ho-
reb. the mount of God, Jotephui Juttly tayt, Antiq. B.
xtll. t eet. 7| that h a c a m a tn the wm i nl a ln
"A
♦ Snce thb moantein WnalU he r e laM t o b e th e i v ll l . r . h n p . xiii. ae ei. <.in«i ■ » ' "" ^ ^"/"■^"V;' .' .^:^ '
h JiSS^.H th? mounSlS that are In that country. It cMed SInal ; and Jerome, here etta* by Dr. Hudioa.
SSftalbJno^TS»Ttoh«K Which taiie- «,y., that he took thtainount*ln^»_hayetwo turn
uBw^wVr SInthSrwkblnamlleof BnowcalM 8 Bh Nomln. H*. n. «I,
maal. ail Mom. ThndbOtinfonnau, Travail, part LI «
.;■■ .E
who invented
inkioKit right
ijr pertooi, •!•
utaliow bjr M-
of other m4«.
>ut tliipoiitioii
itioh, wr th^
ithcr pUCm if
Sifimi.andtf
\v*nd IK$m U
K
titude toK«tlMir
em unto iiioUDt
ccive from him, ,
•in'oncle; but
tenti neer the
ki^on tiiat'wu
cmule. When
} mount Sinaiit
luuuotami that
ly very difficult
It of iti viut •!•
M of' it! preci-
. \>e. looked U
teiidei thii^ it
ifcrount oftli*
id dwelt there,
tents, as Mote*
sion of the Iqw-
ere elevated io
t Moaes would
the Kood things
ey l«atted, and
kept tliemielvea
ot companying
I he had before
prayed to God,
B Moiet in hi*
' tome inch Kill
vcwelK Thty
their did, two
lore ornam^tal
ually wore,
in thi* VfM^'^f
before ttie^na I,
the whole camp
none had befoni
wher&thry had
I thereat of tl)«
ng; wind*, that
vliich became •
I auch lightningi ;
It; and thunder^
down, and de-
a gracious way
uld be gracrou*.
>ne of my read-
It I ambnder a
r, at it it detcri-
I tighr, and the
•it ear*, diiturb-
degree, for they
ittomed to : 'and
nd abr<lad,'hpil
j^reatly attonith-
vfUlly contained
botn luppotinr
ivine wratn, and
r thtmtelvei.
le of it, Horeb, I*
ip* wti it* -naiii*
ibe ItraeUic* were
none the Arabian*,
ordfiifljr, when (1
Elijah came to Ho-
tly tajrt, Antiq. 8.
In tiie mmintaln
bo6k iii.-chap. v.
"A
9. When lliry ward nadw thftr Bpprrhfnuioni,
Motet K|ip<tajrrd ■* juy'^ul nud grrfilly rxulird,
:' . When tlvi-y luw him, tney wtrv freed iTrniii Ibtlr
•'■ lear, and adinitled qf in« conifortiible ho|ict aa
to what wki to come. The air alao wa* beconie
r.clear and pure of itt l^aer diaordera, U|mu the
, vppeamnre of Motel. "'Whereupon lie called
toi^ctlier the people to i CoagrrKalioii, in order to
their hearing what (jod wouKI hk^t |o them: and
. ' wlieti they were gathered I6getlier, he ttood on
. an cmimni-e whence they might all hear him,
•nd taid, "Opd ha« received ni« grarloiisly, O
Hebrew*. 0* he had fonnVrly done; and Lath
iugg<'<t«u a hapt>y method of living far you, and
an (irdor of political roverniiien^, uikI it now pre-
tent in the camp: I t7ieref.<re rhsTgeyou fpr hi*
take, nitd the take of hit worka, itnd what we
bavq done by hiii rlK^aiiii, that you do not put a
low value on what 9 am going to aay, bcraute the
eommanil* have bfch given by mv that now de*
iiiTrr'theni toyootBor brcauae it it thft tongue
of a man that dcihren tRcm \o yoii ; but if^yb.u
have a due regard to the-fp'eat iniportance of'tbi;
things IlieuitelvetV y<^u will unflerttand the ^n»\.-
aea* of him whote^inttitutiona they are, and
who hat nut disdained to comiiiuriirate Ihein to
tae for our common ailvastage; for it it not
to be tupiKited, tirat the airt^or of these institu-
tion* is barely Moset, the .son tif Ainraiii and
Jocbi b(^d, but he who ubliged^the Aile to run
bloody foryouriakcf, and tallied the haughtiness
of the Kgyptians bj various torts of judgments,!
he who provided a way through the sea for uf:
^e who contrived a method of sending ua fo|tt<l
•Tfroni heaven, when we weir* dittreiiett for Mint
of it: he who made the water to itsuc \\Apt a
I rock. When we had very little < of It befor&t he
by whose means Adain watmade to part|ke ef the
frtiiti both of the land and o^ tfa^4(«a : ,he by
wbote meant Noah escaped tlie OThigei/he. by
wthote meant our foretather Alirahaiiji^ ^f a
wabderinf; pilgrim, wat made <h«» lieiD' of the
hiid of Canaan: he by whote means Isaac wot
bom of pnrentii who were very old-, he'by whoKr
means Jacoli was adorned with twelve virtuous
sons: 'he l)y whose means Joseph .became a
potent lard over the Egyptians: he jt is who
conycyt thete inttructions.ta^ydu by me a* his
iaterpreter: and let thicm be to vou venerable,
and contended for more earnestly by jlflB fhaif:
jrout ownVhildreb, and your 9H(n wivei.^for if
you will follow them, you will Itiad a happy life;
you tvill enjoy the land fruilAll,' thcl^ calm, and
the frdit or (lie wOnib boAi coii^ete^t iiatuMi
te<)uiret; you will be alsoTfrribl<,^to''^ur ene-
mies; for 1 have been jidmilted intti the presence
OT<jod, and been made a hearer of hv incae,
rwptible voice: so great i« his cencem -for your
nation,aiid its duration. ' ' .
4. When he had said this, he brodght thcpeo-^
pie, with their wivf« and cirildren, Jo nent' f^
mouiituin, that tiMry might litiq- God hlmcBlf
speaking to theiu aNut the prirprpts which tiiey
, were to practise, that the^entijifv of what »!ioiild
he spokep, might not be hurt "by its iiueruncib
by tne.t tongue of a man, W'lich could but iiupcr-
fect^ deliver it to their ilnderslaildinK. And
Miey .ill hear)t,a voite that came to »ll df.theni
^froiii above, insomuch that no one of ti.ese words
escaped t'lem, which Mote* wrote iii two taUev,
which It IK not law lul for us to let down directly *
hut their import tie will diclare.
ft. Ihe first coniuiandmcnt teaches us thai
there Is but one tiod, and Ihat we ought to wpr-
shii) l.iin oidy The second commanilJ us not trt
make the image of any living creature to won
ship It. The third, that we must not wear by
God in a filsr maniMr The fourth, that we
mutt keep live arvenlh day, by resliiig trom all
sorts of work. The lifih, that we uiuat honor
our parent*. The sixth, that wa must abtUia
from iiiunler. 'ihe aevejkth, that we mutt not
commit adultery. The ti^ilh, that we muA not
be guilty of theft. Tbdnilith. tjiat we mutt not
bear false wilnvM. ^ The\trnth, that mf mutt not
admit of the detire of an j thiii-; #ial i* another'*.
6. Now when the iiiAllitutle had heard God
himieir giviiij^ those n/rrrptt whirh Mbscs had
discoursed uf, they ffjoireil *t what was said}
and Ihe rtngrrini'tiitn wa* diatolved. Iiut on Ihe
following day* they camn to his ti nl, and desired
hiin Io bring Uieiil, heaide, ol|!< r law.n from iijtA,
Accordinjciy Ire Ahpoiiiled such .aws; nndaflef-
ward iiifovi>eililiVni-in what hianin r thevahdiiM
act iniall caiin: Which laws I ahall make men-
tion of in thnr pru|icr, tiiiie; hut i ahall re«erv*
mo»l pf those laws |V>r anollirr work.f and inaka
there a distinct -explication of theui,
7. ^hen iiiatlerii we*re brought to this stal«,~
Motry went up again to IV^nunt Sinai, of whic|^
he hitd told theiii' befori'hiuid. He made hi* at-
cenfin thtir sight: and while he ttiiyed Ibe^
*0;fong a limi;, (for he was absent <jpem° thtcni foiw
ly days.) fear seiffil upon the Hebrews, lest
lyldlcs should have come to any harm; nor wa*
there any thing else 'to sad, and that to much
'troubled Iheiii, Ak this auppotiil that Mnaet WU
t>erithed. ^ow the A Wat a variety in their tea-
l^entt about it; sonle sayingithal he was falfea
among wild l^ast*, and those that were of Ihi*
opinion, ^ere chiefly luch at were lil-disjioted
to him; but others saying, that he was departed
and gone tp(iod; but'lhe wiser sort were led by
their reason to eiijbrac,e neither of those opinion*
wUh any tatlsf»i!iion, thinking that it wa* a
thiiig.that sohietimet happens Io men to ftU
among wild beasts; .and perish that way, so It
was probable enough that he might depart apd
go to (iod, on account of his virtue; they Ihera-
fore wen; ipiieti and expected the event: yet
were they exccedjug sorry upon the supposal ,
that thf^y y/ftn "^deprived of a governor and a
proteclor, such a one indeed as they could nev«r
recover again: nor ^would this suspicion give
them leave to' ekpecl .any comfortable event
,"l><»tf-^g!ii!f lan, nor csuld they prevent .their
*'"'' TBntV meluncholy upon this occasion.
HWf TOT, the cataip dunt not Remove all thi*
v^hmf, because Mosfs had bid them afore tattar
•tfceri"'' ■
But when #e forty 4*yt, and as many
nights, were over, .Mote* came down, having
ttstcd nothing of fo JHuftlly appointed for the
liouriahm^nt <»f men,*nrli«i appearance tilled | '
*miy With gladrie**, and hedeclared to ("
what.care tind had of then>i,,tihd by what i
ner of conduct of their livet they might live hal
pijy; telling thepi. that during ihlMe days of hu.
absence, he had suggested to him alto that he
would have a tabernacle built for him, into which
he would descend wiicn h» ctinie to them, and
how'wfe should carry it abonf with ut, when we
remove from this place; and that tttcre would
be ho longer any occasion for going up to moutit
Sinai, bnl that he ivould comelijmsolt and pitch
his tabernacle amongst at, and he present at our
prdyer8;«tSI*o, that the tabernacle ihouM be
ot tut h mratures and construction as he hod
showed liiniKlwd thcl you are to fall to the work,
and pr9Se«i|tf i*,diligently. When he had said
this, he ahdw'ed 1))|f>iu lb* two tables, with the k
ten CunimaiKlmeiil^i eiigtnven upon Ihcni, *fi»i
upon each tabic, and the writiag wa« bj lh« *
hand of God, '
t by Dr. Hudaoa,
have two
ita
^r
l< ^
iJ*<I|EA*UH>!* tfc<t hrwliu* iTjoire (1 at wb»t
*- -^^^^ iu— J ..» ih^r coiiUurtor, iiW
rriirco
■lloi*t#ta (M>. Mow
n in MimdtrU the uttrad
tbeM, HcuicttV'''" '°"
Jftdah, the, ip'sodMHi oT^
icif conclactori ui4 Ah«-
ach.or (hi) tribe of Dan.'
oif with «Fhk't the* Mil
CodiMiiHt Af <j4<lg
wbia^tM psftpl.
tdc cl
iclr'nttiici
int)
the iiitcr
lhi> toa oj Al
tju) ,)^!Bople
with ,»o tgtfX kUcrityi «h>t
If '1
• v
44 tAtrvu thtm, by lukULni; pr^ltif
„ .^|t Wkat bad brcn broumt wa« Inffi-
ai the artiSJert had inrurni«d hiin. ,«$cf
^ill io work, ikiian tfie building of thtiitk^
,'^rM<lH- Mo*«« inrorn]«.d thriii, «i<'COnlin||^ to
thp 4fiteliu» of UdiU bulb what "tKif neaauiyii
w«rt ^ b(, aud lU Urgoneu, &ii(| bow ma^^
era afl
itooiT
coniyl
tli'<)!>)
Bfl* III
iWlwi
D heigbV^* <!■'*
utA KiiriM, aafl bli
d«ir "
■iMs df flrurM, MF*P
k^^JWllbiu th«l|
(trVarllcatton,
._ lifce< matter, wbei**
jJl««C h»ndi. and JJfrinkIa ^
^- ornainentarcoMlrimpO'l^p* ••V
tha court of (la UnrA(fip)|«l>H^
iiSM l» (he op»n air. > ~
« to the (abrrnacic itMlf,' Moac* jmccd it
middle of that court, with it* (m* to tiM
ithaf when t^e aun •r»M> it hiight%ae|iid it«
n^t upon A' It* Iciil^h whtik
„._ thiriT cubit*, and it* brradlb
'(ml cuhw*' 1'be one of It* wall*,
•outh, ani> (he fiber wa* ct|>o4l-d t
and on (he back liar( offi( njOiaioed t
wa* necmaary (hH( it* be^dit •hpuld
lU breadth [ten cubit*.] TJl*ra w«r«i
made of wood, twitnty on cMblude-
wmuKbt lUto afluadranguitt n«i»ta,
:*bit ati'd k Ifalf. but the (inckoet*
Adgcr*; (hey had (bin pUte* of»{(uld ai
Ihwn on bo'(h <id«i. iuw«f|ily <Mid but
thay liad each of (hem (wo (euoM b«lo« ^ _
|li«m, in*f rt«d into thair ba(|e», and (h^ waw
oflilv«r,,Hi each^f which baMi thara »*• •
■Mkiket (u t!ff* ive the tenon Uut th* •pv*^ "*
iii'^ut^all wen- «ia Mow all thcM^ W*»l»
"Wnd aockitU acf uratcly; fitted oiH> kltotlur, in**-
Much that the Joiula were iiiriiible, and hoth
*iciutd to he one ei)(|ro aijd unKieJ , wall. 11
w«tfifit*o tsoTcred with Rold^ both within and
wMh^ut 't\vf number uf |mlui* wal tf{<v\ on
'if
'I.
.•llir.it oiigb^ (o.<on(kin. for tliW we of ihej tlie,op|^.ite V"- •»'**''"*.*' "l °". T.KU
aieSet. The woinrn aUo were «rtbStiou»4o twratji, and e»ery one of-lheiu M tfca thinl
%
■acriro^i. Th* woinrn also weF«^ tuam>i>/av»x »... *..,,, — . '.'",' x i— .. .'l^ k.
do tk^ir hart*, about (he mroieul* df (he brte*!*. pnrt uf a ipan in (h^ekB***- »o (!«»( in« nmjioer
aWWouVolhcr (hiiiinffiat }*o6ldb« warned !|n o( »hirty mbK* wer. f"' >"'»,''«•>' J*!**""
tKU i»orW: both Xor ornament, and lot the di»iil* (hem; But a* to (be wall biphiiid, wbifrj Jha «li
lawTi^altZtlf. . • • . - pillarfcoiade up (oeeWier only nine cubjl^rlhay
' ••P -• ''*^"- V ..... ' ^-_ . .u .. P„,,; ,^„ .,,J, piflar*. •nd,cu( Ihen^ oui«>foii*-
im,.»««.,.r,.vuw.= ^™~....„ „, cubit.- which (hey placed J" V'* coj^Jfrf, *«d
£iilo*«#. when hfc hai( aji|><>in(ed before. m&<le (hem eQuaflr fine witl^ the othe*. «oW .
I »\
tk:
, all,
I jifHi( (mre alkould be a fc*tival, Aid (hat
jCrt<Ke»,«hould<b^ oflered 'according (o c«err
lu«'* ntuJity, reared up (he (ahernacle • Ana
' eti dif J)ttd rueaaureiUliejopcn court, fifty cubUi
lad, 'ind a liujtilrcd long, lit ^i up braien pit-
five cubi|* high, (wpnty tin cacji ol (he longtr
.,„ j«, and (en iiillan fur (he breadthbahliid ; c very
itnkof (he pillany^ao h/ut a ring. Their cbupitrr*
wete of *ilv«.r, bu( their bate* were of braM,(liey
f«i4Mnbliid ()ic aharp endafof *peara,.and were of
^ra**, fixed tii^to (he gruuiuh Cord* were iil«o
put lhrouah,(he ring*, and wcre^ttLiif (heir
1 far(hir cn«* «ibra«* nail«S)f a mb^Hk whidi „ _. ... •
< 'M CTfcrv pillar wrfc dr(vt.rt into yKUkt >nd ] (h» nholc finuly«tpgetbcr
., woulfi Uep tli« tuberqarje from bfl^Hben by
theTioience ol wind*. UJut a cunBRMife, lolt
, linen ^<:nt ro^nd all the^pilLirt, and hung down
oin a t)6»in^ nnd loot* iiianui;r from ^licir.chapi-
tera. anil enrloKcd the whole cpace, and icenitd
vot.l^t all ua|ft to a wall ithoiit it. And thIW wiis
the iti'ucturiffir three of lhei>rdea oC thi* £nclui-
' are. ~ But a* for (he fourth tiile, which whs lifty
cnbita In^fx^cnt, and was tint front of Ihe whole,
twenty rxbitii of it wen fur (hf o(ii ning r( (he
|;alca, whtrun stusd (wo pilLtra on.-each 6ide,
after the r<»<faliliince jf"op<n Krtt«ii? thf«e weyc
every one of th^pillan M(d ring* of f pljl affixed
(o (h» ir fron(* outward,, a* if they had taken root
in-the pdlara, and' *lo««l one row ovar tgainit
aadlhcB rou««l about, througlh » hicj^ *are in-
iterted Bar* giU ofer With iruid, eMh of them
fivt eubitj long, and the»e bound togethtr (h*^
nillars. (be head uf ope' Kar running 4fiioj0thcri.
aftir the iSi(ure of one tenon ini^rtf''"^
(her. But for thi wa|l<behind,th«re^
row of bar* (hat 'went tHrough alt
into wlurh mWwn'tba endaofdje"
•ide of the MigeV wall*, th^
being *o faatened in their ^
(h^ whole finulyitpgethcr
wa* all thi* jointed p« faat
brraade might not be i
w)nd*, or by ayy other mei
«rei|<(rve'iiaclf quiet and in
42' A* for (he inaidt, Mo»
in(« three partition*. At ll
cnbid from thi moat tecret
four pillan, wfao*c woAmau«hii
';anie with tltAt of the reai, andt
(he rike ba'ae* with tiie* encli
distant from l*'* fellow. Koh, the'
thoae pillar* waa the >Mo«( Uoly^!"'
the n aitalibmce Jfop* n gitK *, th<-»e were thoae pillar* waa (he • Mo»( lloljl't^ww
wliollv of *itvtr, and polKhed, and that all wst of the rooKi waifthe T*UeriiHilc,»t
ooen fortha nrieatt. However, thia'pr
thieh wn*
Int
mm
rai
all
»»"t
van
- forii
con
It «
tun
lar.
ball
fbnl
and
oft
°v
wnc
and
An\
fuv
no
*4p<
day
clin
aru
(ha(
line
' tfrat
curl
eigl
. toj
don
ao(i
P'«^
olfr
tain
mer
cnbi
ifie
and
app<
•i t
fdr
curt
ibnl
we«
^ram
*»ie«
aeen
•km
the
ann,
attei
■'^
be c
!;:s
eacf
Ovn
-Hhc-
eovt
won
•vet
open for^lhe prie*(t. Howe»cr, (lii*iiroporti«»
' f Of (hi. (.Aernaer; of Mo*,, with it. aeveral part* W »"? mea.u»a of »h« '«b"n«cle Rroted^
bM (brnilnre, .re my <|r.r,i,rt',6n at larje.ehap. tUil «n nmjation of the ^i-tft" »>• the worW , '•»«»
»li.x.ii.iiiHJiefetobelo«s«ig. ^ third p«rt therepf whwhwa* witliin the f«nr
w*-' '*•
BOOK Mf.^HAP. VI;
li«t
r Ihn fWfBly cohils i*.'''n« i( wtrt,
^nd, oir'wlMCh iU'«n, lif«,)iiiil •!> (hi* pnrt
IK fwrMis^ Urtll* ufuiH* o«ljr. 'Bui it Ihr front,
where ^<jiif*»H*mic«.WM *»»'!«•* thfjr pUrtd jiil-
Im* lif i^wj ll>»t '(ami on li*»l of bfuM, in num-
btrjH>vin^l>i" ''""* ''"^y 'P*'*»<^ 4>vrr (hr taber-
of flue lin«n, And nurnir, iinil blu»,
'd'"«F«ff!4'Culon) ciiibrimiitrri]. TMi tint nil
ti-ir^iihili **frj way. ond' thi*||lt*jf tfte»(t
;.■■.-■■■;■" 6»
it* ruf t tonjiM.rtion.' jhnhi were- tlin Iwa
r the piHirt wlitrli p^rtrd thr (CHipls. «ntl
•tay ibott hilly uhti'.t; coiirriili'd «vi|htl>: *n<l
I iviM thnt wliirl».'iii«ilr ^hi-. BlHiwX viiii
r.-Motttjfactdit
tit iu iidb to tiM
"■■,..l«Hl^:_i
tw«iv«i:.
on Iha -
nortbf '
ttti 'It :
jUdrt;.'::;
wif '- ':
joem- omLfomr ■ f
Dftfohl iiHlili:^ ,
I* Wd toiittilMHyi
uoM bvkili^Hirttt
*, and tlMAif M^ '
iMMi.th«t« !<»<•.•
B$ft tb* iAlMm.M
inie «iioili<ii'; '!•>•*'
iriiible, uiA hotn
I uniltsd wall. It
both wiltiin and
Uri wA -rfqMalo*
were on M»i;h Thttt
leiu iiaid: to* iliM
Ilntt'tb4 iiinfibw
made mUl; between
iod, 'vwfn (M *•>>
f nii<«i cub|lir,Jb^
ut thea^ oikmf^oat'
y the coitiiffi,; juad
1 Ihe •ihei(.|!Ho«r>
■MM or|;o(d afflsed
t6ey hadtaken root
s ruw over ajpiintl
gkiwhicb fveite iil^
>Qld, 'e«cb of tbeni ■
wund M[eth(>r th*,
a iniert^i
J,\li*re
"id*-
ftl,
1m
1^
":ft
niiy. ,Now the «(hi»I«^t«iii[ti(; wo» calftd
loljr I'lnice;' hiiUluit [rtrtwlil^Ti wan with-
in tl)7> ruiirjiillAr*, «ni< til which Hflnii wtil-e »il-
■ mitleil, wi#^^p$llciJ ' 'Me Holy of. MkUm.' Tffn
. y»i *»*» vrrji o>nanirntnli. anH ^mbr^wW red with-.
alf »o>(« or(low«r» wliich (tie. ,Viirth |m«Tucei,
ortiJJtljtii'^r were iiitfrwavon iiJfu it nil bort« 6f
Taflfty ttiiil inieht hv ><» •>'■>!>■■><'.■**' *"''^<'P'"'K f*";
- fOTiH* of nniuiali. Anblln-r viiil theri^ w»» wliiclf
'cQ»n*tl thcfive t>illir» ihnt w«reul thi.ftttnincc:
. it w«> l.ke the lanii'r in in niagniluile.iind t^i-
':ti)re,aitd cdlofi end ut the rori^er of every piU
}. lafaTing retHiiied it frmn the top doitnwaiHli
half (hti (liplh ^if Ihr iiilUn, thr ulhrr half af-
fonliiig uir rntrfiitce (5>r the prictt, »(ilK),«rej)t
under it. Ovv/.thi* there wa» ii vm|' of linrn,
of the nnie liincneta tvith thfi; |iirni,eri..it wb«
«t*i: be orawj* ihWotWay. or that-..W«jr or Wrda,
whofe i'iii^it fixed to l])e leKturtj' of tne vail,
and to ifui ronU. nl«iiTv«'tc »iih«'rvienl to th<
. drawing Slid iimlrawinf; of-thft irail, and to thii
liulenilix if at ihtt .conujir, that thrp it nii)|U be
no t{i»0((i/anc«; ,t<>;ith'(; viiw otf th*" isiirf liiiiry,
Cipfciiilly- on iti||f fnh' <|ii} « ; but, tlinl on oljier
day*, hnu npejiiMy whm the >>'»i»t''*r Wat in-
clincil to #»(>>*■ it iiiifjhl he ekpandejl, attd aflord
■ i c'jveriii^ to llie »iiil vf divrm i'Oloirij' whence,
that f uMom of our* it: deriveil, of liiivinr a line
tinen v.ijl »Avr the .twiiplo; h»» Ueejv ;liulli, to l>e
- dTrawi,!^ ov^rthe enirunrferi. But th|p ten other
' eurtaWiti were; four euhili in hrea(IU|, and y«cnt
• eight in length, and had jK>leyfi>rTaii|*; nTCkntl ,
. to join the one eu<'Ujiii<)Jrl'w^^fltli«r, *ih^ wi),»
r' done to.iexairtty that thfy'Veeflied to be one
:nlden ring* lM<toiigtng to earh of the longer
Diianlt, nnd piiMinK tlirmgh the eiidre wood.
i«iiil through llii'iu gill Itiim naMttt'ldmig each
moved mill car-
for It
board, that il iiii|tlil (liirmbyl
rieU about, an orvntion oliuii.M njqiiire: ■»• •->
waa not drawn, ill a.cart li)'heMiii» of barden,
but boriiii on the •hoiildifA^fthe prienl*. Uimn
tiiif ila rover Were ItMi 'iujpgi'.; whirh the He-
brrwamli ('Jieriiiiirit»; they are llyiltg ii-enlureii
hut their fonif in uut like to Ihit of iiiiy Af iM ,
eruature.i ivhicji nie.o Imveni'i ii, th<Mi|;h Mowt
•hid he lind m'cji *u€h beiiiga iir,>« ihe IMriine of
(iod. In thia nA he put thi' two (idilis t^hernorf
the ten eomiiiaiidriirivlit Wen- wrilleji, li>e upni)
earh table, and two and a bal((ipun eurti »ide ni'
tlii'iii; Hhtl thi« ark he placed in lh« iiiott holy '^
pUe*. ^ ■"■. ,
6. Kut in the holy olhee he placed a tikblr lij^e
thoi>e at Delphi: itrleiiKth Wim two cubitii, and ^
il> lireadth oiifc culiil, niiil il» height three spant. ■.'
It hati feut alio, the l.twer pari* of which ¥(mf9/- -
eoiuplelt! feet, reacuibliiig those which th( liflirf- -'
«h9 put 'to their bediilRad«, hut the; upper pfiia'
townrda the talde were wrought .into a iquara <
(briu. The table had a hallow towaHl* every
jiidt, having a ledge of four ttj^rs dt nth, that
.went round about like a iiiiral, both on tnc upper '*
and lower pnrt of the bodji^uf the work. Upon
0^
•very one 'of (jie feet waalhere alio -tnaerted
ring, not fur front the cov<er, through which went
bars of wood beneath, but. gilded, to be taken
out upon occavion, there bring a rirwjif where it
wa» joined to the ring*: for they wnr not entire
ring', but before they canre quite rouiiil they
eiliied in acute point*, the one of which wa* in-
•erted into the prominent part t>( the table, and
the other Into the foot; and by.thene it wu« e^r-
rifd whei> they journeyed. Upjin Ihli. table,
which .jwas placed on Ihe north aide of the tetn-
pie, not far from Ihe niost holy place, were laid
twelve luileavened Inavet of bread, ait Uimn eich
heap, one ahovt^nnother; they were iiimic of two
lentn'deuU of the puieit llour, which tenth deal
'n homer] irn measure of the HrbrewH, contain -
il|i;,H<ven Athenian cotyla;; and above tlioaip
toaii'S were put two »ial» full of frank itic'ente,
^N(*#jiflep acvcn day* other Itiave* were brought
totirc~««irta>iti thcie wcn-^prJiiMj^ oveJr the teat- J in thlB» «t< rt)l^ on the. day which in by ua called
plis|i|nd,4rov'i!red all the top, and pairtt of Ihe ' Ihe Snbbathj for we .call the aevcnth day the
oiw.eu
m the fidea und':behiiid an fur a* withiW
lit of thegrouiid. 'Itur/' were b^hrtr cur'
■it'
on
,Cubit
taint of thh. name breadth- with th^ie^.butpne
mere ih number, and longer, hi tfi«'ji were tntity
ctibitaji'UK.btit' Iheae were iwoveo of hiiir, witli>
ifie lige **A>il> ly a» thoae o£ wov) ,werc ii^juie,
and wer* onttttiii-d l*>o<el' '
appealing like a triari{|u
, ft the gateai the elevjwl
Mr th'it v^ry Donrate. T
Cprtttina ma<l<rlp|kkiii^
forded co«eringand ■ ;
were woven; both ^n; ,
^rained. And great -WiBi._,^^._ — ,,., ... _
'viewed the^e curtain* itt a diatanV^.j^r they
■cenied not at all turdiffeF fnuti the iColorof the
•ky^ Bnt'ilujf that were made ;i)if hair, ai|||iofi'
-'•kiD9, rcauflBlowd in the lame uiadlner aa did'
the Vail arW|;nteB,a^id lop|^t tfi tli^|u«t of the;
adii, and' wnat injii/mhe tains luighTwi; And
aU»T this inamee Mi-JS (be tabernacle (reared..'
:$. 'I'bere im» alsojaii ark uiade, taifred toOb^,
ver, thif'^roportlpn ■•
srna'cle' (jroved ttbe
f the worldV for<B|t /
at witliiii'4h« fcinr /
be corriipteii: tbi»<WHa caP^dt^
lanHfiuge. tls.riinatnirliun Wifii,
W«Mye gpaha, but it« breudth'
each of l^nenii three ciiaiia. It
0«ier'wi(}! gold both uilhiii aipl
■ the woo tlen p j<rt w aa ■i iot.af>. i i|
carer united to it, bv goldeo
wondf iTuI niaiiner; wfiicWover:
•vibly iit^ed to it , and had no^mii
Siibbfith: fijit for the' occasion of thia invention
ot' idacing. loavea ht^re, we will apeak of it in
|i)ioU«i'l' place. '' ■
■ 7; Over againM.th'ia table, near the aouthem
wiillj|5Wa^( a cundleatii'k of raat got:); hollow
ViWMQi)'^"nfifi''l>^ weiglitofonehun'dredpoundit
lira c»ll cinchnrea; if it betumed -
' uagct it drnole* a tulinli It
knojw, and litiea, and ponia-
(i|wieh ornan'ientii iimuunt-
by whi^h. III- 4na the ahaA
, .-, - igh from 1^^ aingle hHte. and
whM.it, apread ItaclfJnto a<mdiM|[braH(ibeaaather<|^e|i -
rpria«f,oT thoae 'wno 1p|jlH'iel«> iiic^u.i|ni; the '<uK^ii jn): tt)eiinli ij ter-
- -"^ Minated iJt' aeven ^heada^SEone row,pH ttandlnCtt,^!^
(iarallvl d^oM: anotRer; 9"l.llie*e bnutpbea fn£^^
Tied aevel|,1ainp4<on^j|jiy one, in iu>itaiKii\of tbo
hn<tiber,9f-ihe.plant!tt; these liuiiiia looked to
th.«eMl.and to the aoutb, the c|iad|et||k ^eiii^
'aitu&te obliquely. ^ • i lai. *"
8. Now.betw<;^hiareip<!k'<tKral'd th(»(able,
wbirif; aa^We taid, were within- the >iinrtniirr«
.:**^'
;<<-
onini.od that waa iiatumll^yitrang^jiiid cgiiKt not> waa the altar of incense, iMMlh^of wooil, in||eeiF,
c»P^dt'>rq|g|g^ot();4o|in but of the aatue wood offPrfi'h .the f|<rif|qi|^'
t liabnr to cdr>
with
10
7,,
'•^
bttt of the aatue wood ofjf'ini'h .the
i^e««efa we're made, aiiiK a* was
rtiption: it waa i ntirely jplNUli
golden' plate. Its h'taflnTlon eaci
fcubit, but the altitude ilouhle, 'iipoii ..
' gia^B uf gold, that ^waa e xta n t abo v e th e
.which had a golden^rown encomp^npng it rOuii^
about, whereto beWigcd rlngr and bara,: b^^
WhicbtbtfprietU' carried, if when tbcy joamayw
C'^^ft
4-;
.- I
TO
ANTIQI'ITIF^ (>K, tllK JKW8,
w
•<1 Dafor* Inn Ubarnaelo then wa* rrtrnl ■
bnui«i> «H«r, Uul il wm williiii iii«il« of npiiil,
ftv* cul.iti hy ui«*iura on etch (ills, liut Ita
hclchl wui but three, Iri lllio nmniicr Hiliirnid
Willi briiM plaUt ti IjciKht iii (old. It liul *Im>
• bnitn himrlli of nclwork, fur tlifi KniuiiU iiii-
derncHth rroived lliu liio fruiii the licHitli, li«-
cuiM il had iiu l>H<i» III receive l|. Ilnrd by lliia
■lUr lay llio li;i«>ina, uiid the viaU, mid tlia I'en-
larK. and liie culdroiu, iimda of )(<ildi bnt Iha
Othtr veiaela, inada fur the une of tbe iacriflcM,
wera all ul' brniii. And (Hell wai Iha condruc
lion nf the tnberiiRcIv ) and llieiu Vera Iha ««|-
«•!• tbatcto beluiiging.
"X"'
CHAP. VIl.
jyhicK vtrt thi Oarmmli o/ Ijf* Prittti, and
■* iflht High Print; cuitcertiing tht Prittthonil
(f jiarort, niih Hie Manner iif the Pnrifiia-
Hon$ arui Saefificti; at aim concerning Ike
i'ulitaU.and huu) each Day wa$ then ditfoted
. tfi uilh olhtr l.aw$.
" } 1. TllERK were pecutlnr KarnxnU appointed
for the prieita, and Tiir all lh« it'll, which they
call 'Cahaiiwie' [i)rie«lK] garnienla, ii» nUu for
th« higti prient, which they call ' Cahaiiieu) Kah-
b*,' and denote * the high prlrti'a |;»rmen(n.'
Such WM, therefore, the habit of thi- rtat; but
when the priem up|iroii('hei the lat^rilice^, hr
purine" bininif wjO) iho purificuliun ivhith the
law preivribei; And in the .firit place, he iiuti
on that which i> called 'Machanew,' which
■neana ■ aoniewhat that ia faal tied.' It.Uii gir-
dle, cunipoied of^finii twined linen, and 1* put
■bout the privy parti, the feet being to be iii-
Mrted into theiii, in the nature of breerhea; but
•bout huU of it ia rut off, and it eiidi at the
tbigha, and il there tied faat.
2. Over thia he wore, a lilien veitmenl, made
of fine llax doubled: it ii rullud ■ Chetliune,' and'
denotet 'linen,' fur we call linen by' the n»iiie uf
•Chelhone.' 'I'hii veitmenl reaches down to the
feet, aiid fit! clole to the body i and hiia aleevi*
that are tiedVMt (o the arini: it ia girded to the
breait • little above the elbuwa, by u girdle orteu
going round, four hiifrcn broad, bnt fo looaely
ilAven, that you would Ihlnk it wei-e the ikin
of a lerpent. It ii embroidered witb llowtra uf
icarlet, and purple, and blue, and fine twined
Knen; but the warp wa» iiothing but fine -lim:n.
l^he beginning of ill circuiuvulution ia at the
brcaat-. and when it hua k""^ otien round, il in
there tieil, and hanga looaely there down to the
anklea: I mean this, all the lime the prieit ia not
about any laborioua aervice, for in tjiia poailion
' it appcan in the inoit agreeable qianner to the
' apectatora; but when he la obliged to uuiat at
toe oft:riog aacrificei), and to do the apiioJHted
fcrvice, that he may Dot be hindered in his ujie-
ntioni by ita motion, he throws it to the left, und
bears it on his shoulder. Muses indeed callt Ihia
'belt •Aiianeth;' but we have learned from the
Babylonians to call it Gniin, for so il is by them
called. "This vestment haj n6 Inoao or holluw
parts any where in it, but only a narrow aperture
■bout the neck ; and it ia tied with certaiu strings
banging down from the edge over the brrnst and
back, nnd is fastened above each shoulder; it is
called Massabatanes.
' ' 3. Upon his head ho wears a cap, not brought
tp a coiiic form, or rneircliiig the whole head, but
•tHI covering more thau the half of it, which is
* Tlie nse of these (oMnn hells at the bottom <>f (l>e
lil(h priest's tonf (arihcnt, aceuis to have been this,
that hy shaking his garment nt the lime of his otTeritig
rMlei^MnNiiiriiiphlhea: and Its make is such thai
il sieins Id be a iroWn, bring made of thick
iiiatlita, but ihc riintrituni ia of linrni and it i»
duOMed round many limes, and sewed l^elher
batides whii:li, H piece uf fine lliirn cuvtra lli^
whole cap fiuiii the up|i<fr part, and re»<:hraili>wh
to the fureliiad and the seams of Ihe fwathen.
whieh wtfuld olh«rwi«e apmiar indcrrntly : thia
adheres rluaaly u|ion tlie solid part uf the head,
and IS thereto so firmly fised, that it may not fall
ofl'iluriiig the sacred aerviie iiboul the aiicriAces
!So we have shown you wliatis the habit of the
generality oflhe priests.
4. The hi);li priesli iiideeij, is adorned witb tJia
■ante garmcnls that we have deacribed, wilbpnt
■hating one; uidy uver these hir |)uts on a vest-
lurnl of a blue culur. This also \* u lung robe,
reuchiiig to his I'eil^ in our luiiKii!<M|>t <• eUlled
Merir, liiiil is tied round with ogirdjeTenibruider'
ed with the same colur and Howers as the for-
mer, with a mixturi' of gidd iiilerwiiven;— to the
bottom of wliii'b Kariiient are bung frjiuu;!, ia
color like poniegrniiaies, with guldtn liefl*,"" liy
a Iwaulil'ul coiitrivnni:e! so thut.Mtwctn tiS'U
belli linnti^ a iiuiurgriinate, mid lietweiii two
puuiegiaimtrn u bell. Noiv this vesture was hot
cuniposrd of two pieces, nur wa.i it sewcil (oge-
ther upon the shoulders and I lie sides, Init it wa»
one lung vestment so woven us to have an aper-
ture fur the neck; nut iin ubliijuc one. but purljitU
nil along the hrrnst and the back. A border also
was s^'wed to It, lest the ajx rlure should look- too
indecently I it wo* also parted where the hands
were to came our.
5. ItesHles theic, the high priest put on a (bird
gnrmiiit, which wna ral|ed the Kpttod, whiuh re-
sembled Ihc I'lNiiiiis oi' the Ureeks.' Its make
WHS after this iiianher: it was woven to ihe ileplh
uf a cubit, of several colors, with goM inter-
mixed, mid enibroiderid, but il left the middle of
the breiist unroNercdti it w.ts made with nleti
also; nor did il appeur lii be at all dilli
miide from u aliort coat. I!ut in the void prn< e
of Ihia (;iirmeul there iva<i ihiterled a piece uf the
bigness uf a-spiin. embruidered with Kohl, uild
the utlier culurs uf Ihe ejihud, and called lessen
(Ihe brenstpUle,) whii'h, in the tireek larigua^e
signifies tlie Oniclr. This piece exactly filled
up the void spiiie in tlie epiiud. It is united to
it by golden ring;s ut every corner, the like rings
being annexed lo (he i^ihod, and a blue rilmiid
was niade use uf to tie them tugtther by Ibuse
rings; and that the spuce lieiween the- rings iVif(jht
not apiieurtempty, they contrived to fdl it up yvitr
BtilclKs oflblue ribands. There were idso ,V
sardonyxea\ui)un the ephiid, nt '.he shoutdet^to
fasten it in\the nature of buttons, hiivingyc^b
end running: to the sArdoiiyxes of gold, tlu<t they
might be buttoned by them. On these^^ere eh-
r of Jaeob in u\ir;
^"'^
graven the iiuiiies of the sons
own country lelte.rs, und our own li
each side of the stones, on eithci/^iiiv'; am
elder sons' names were on the/right shou|iier.
Twelve atones also were thenr ujipn the br^^st-
plitte, extraordinary in largeness and bcaiiiy ;
and they were an ornanleUfknot to be piirchni||ill
by men, because uf theirlilt'iueiisc value. TliAp'^
stones, however, stooii/in three rotvs, by (^fsa
a roW, and were insijrted into the bteustjilttti.'iU
self, and they wejw set in ouches ol'gold, tlW
were thcniseUesXisiTted in the breast plf<le,illHr
were so iiinde tlini they might not fall ouli WSw
the first thr^ were a sardc.nyx, a topai, ami au
/V
incense in the teniplo, on the preal ilnyof expiation, I he i
" at o il i e r | i r< i |> < rt p e riods of hl ia arr eil mlni sl rat iq na ' "*^
prayers jqimljr with tliBliiith priest hini!<pirio IhcAI-
inlslnv./ bee I.uI:b I. H), Hev. viil. :i. ■(. Nor prolial'Iy
tstl'eaonof Birnch tn he otIierwiKe undeietinxl, when
rys of Aaion, the first liliiti priest, Eehia.' xlv. 9.
il nnftcoiiipfuseil Aarun with pnmfmmtaVJ^ajid-
.- '•'
■■■■ ;i
there, on the Kieat festivals, the iieoptc ininlit have no-l;inih many eolden hells ronml iilioni, that, as he.went
tut of if, and mlcht fall to tt'Cir own prayers at the| there noKht lie a sonnd and a noise made, lliut^ might l«
time of incenae, or other proper periods: and so tjie | heard in the temple, for s aiemorial to ikt cbUtren of
whole coniregaiion uiiglit at once olfer Ihuse cooinion i biapeopitf.''
JS-
/\-
^'
fJ.
« m*kr ii (urh Ihal
iiiK iiiailc of thick
I uf liiirn i auil it i*
imJ Mwril together
« lliirii cuvcra llir
t, mi'l rru<:hr> ilittrla
iii> al' lliii fwallio.
>r iiiilcrrnlljr : lliin
I purl uf llm h«uil,
tliiit it iiiity nut IM
iliiiul tlif niicriAcci.
.Iiltiii lial>it uf lh« ;
i» ndomeil witb Ihii y
<lr>i:rib«il, witbiptM : .
IllT |)'utt uii k >;••(■ !
iIm> 14 u lima; nihr, i
uilK>l!<l|| it I* rUlItU I
ar(r(l(^niil)r«iil«;r» ;
Huwcnt M Ihi: lur- \
iil<<rtv(ivi:u; — 10 lh«"
re buiiK IrjiMM*, sitt ■
h ([omjn Ittflli,"' liy
lliut.MtMCt:" t»u
iiiiil Im.'Iw«iii Iwu
liit vPDtiire tvni bui
tviui it nrncd <ogif
lliu »i(lr>, l)ut it «V*»
II to hove an aper-
i|uc one, liut partiitU
»ck. A bi>rHrriil>o
!ure thoubi louk- too
ed wbtirc thv hand*
|>ricit put on a (b^rd
i«i Kpttud, wbiub re-
Urecks.' it* iii»ke
woven: to lh«<ltplb
I, nilb KoM iiitcr-
i( Ifft ibL' iiiiilillrof
> nmdi' M'itb liMy
be ul all tlilli r^
t in ibe ioiil
terlul piccr ol' tbc
r<d with Kolil, uAd
d, npil calltd i'.Mtu
lli« iirci k lnn((uu|K
plifcc csartly filled
hud. It is united to
oi'uer, t|i<; liki! ringr
il, and a blue rilmud
n tuKitbcr by tbuse
vrcn tbp ringH iVii({bt
ivfd to fill it upV ■'
litre WM-e nlwa ,^n
, nt '.be tliuutij>;rvto
>utti)i»i, h;ivinKyG#eh
eitof guUI, tlut they
On tlie»«\^er"i ,«ii-
]n» uf Jaeub in uVr^
r own tonguv, nix iM
eitbcc/sidvi aniMb*
tlie /right iihou|iief.'
enr U|)<;>n the br^^it-
vncan niul bcaiiiy ;
not to be piin'bnM(|i
ueiise raluv. 'I'hAf'i
liree rotn, bv fpinjAlB
lo the b[eu4j)b>t«1t-
ouehi'S ot\j;«ld, tij
I the bread pli>te,il
lit not iall ottti ^iSw
.nyx, a topaz, and au
riest hJDifirir lo llie Al-
ill. :i. 4. Nor prolialjy
wlKi' undrratitad, wfibn
I pri"!!, E'<'lui.'xlv. B.
fith pnmfmniiaU'*, aiMl
pnxt
If
■r
4.
:\
•itMrald, Tha areond row rontaimil a r.arbirn,
rl*, tJaaiNir, and a sapphire. Jkt\ Ant uf the
third row waa a llgure, then aiWaiui Ihynr, and
:h« third an arale, being itlie ninth t>f (he whole
ifuniber.' ThaAnlofthr fourth ruWwaa a/hrjr-
•olilf, Iha neil wa* an onti, vnd then a frryl,
which wat the latl of all. Now the nVnuW^f all
ihoM ifina of Jariih were ougminli bi' Ihme
Lionel, whom WerMeeni the headtof otir tribri,
earh aton* having the hnnnr of a naii\rt In the
order acconling to which they «v*re born. And
Whf re«« llie riiim were louwenk irf.lh^niielvei
to bear the weight of the tlunea, lliev' ni^de two
other rinra of a larger «i«e, at llie edge uf that
part of the breaatplale, tvhirli rrac.hedUo the
neck, and Jnjitrled ilitu the very leiilure jif the
trcaatplat^io receive chnlna lin< ly wrought,
which cnnHfcti;d llieni with golden bHiida ti;i the
lopa uf the iihuuldert, ifKuae KXtriinity turned
backwarda. and went into the ring, onlliepiynii-
Bent bwk imrt of (be ephod; ami thit wa* fnt-
the aecuritv of the l>ria>lplu|e, that it mlghtvnol
Atljoutofili place. 'I here waa tlto a girflle
aewed to the Ureaitplate, whi<'liwai of the f;>re.-
mf.ntioned color«, ivith gohl inlrriiiixnl, nliicli
when it bad gone once round, wan tuil ai;aiu'
urion the leiiMi, and liua|f dim ii. 'I'hi^re «Ve^>
al|io golden luopa that amiiilteil it* fringe* at
each etfrrinily of the gir^, and iucludcu Ihejii
entirely. , / ,
6. 'llie high nricat/a mitre wa* the aaiiie that
we deaCrlbed heruri>,^-niid wan wroiishi like lliiit
ofaU the other prifttit; abiiva Wliich there wan
ynunier, viUli nHntfiea of blue rlidiruidired,.iin>l
round it waa a gi/ilen crown politlMil, of three
.rowf/oneaRor^ another; out of which hroic a
run bfgotd, which reaenibbd the herb which we
rjlll 'aacchiuKia,' but thi;»e (ireekn that nrn skib
Ifol in botaiiy call il 'b^oacyauiua.' Now leat any
one that/naa teen tliia herb, but huauot been
taught/ta niinii-, and i« unnci|unint<'d with it* na-
tui^/or -having known il« nuiiie, know* not the
he(t> Wheji he«ee« il, | aball give aiiob a deacrip-
pf it. 'Iliiii herb ia iifti'iitinK'< in tullneaa
live three ii|iaD>,^ but il» ropt ia likethatofe
turnip, (for 111' Ihiit sbdulil roinpiire'it thereto
would nut be iniilaken,) but ita liive* arc jikt In
the learea of mini. Out of ita branchea it aeniU
out a calyi, cleaviiig lo the branch, arid a oout
CDCompaaaca it, whii-'fi it liiiturally iniU oif when
it ia changing, in order lo iiruducc ila friiit. '^)a
calyx il of the bignria of the bune of tlie liwk
finder, but in the roinpau of iia aporliire, ia lilib
a cup. Thia.l wiH rurtht>r describe for the itav
of thoae that are unacquaiiiletl with it. Sup|)oiie
a apherc be ilivide'd into tlvu parta, round at the
bottom, but haying another aegnient that gniwa
up to a ciicunif^rence frum that botloni; aup-
poae it become niirrowcr by degrees, ^pd that
. |he oavitjr of that pArt grow lUcentty aiiinlbsr,
and'then gradually ^row wider again at the brim,'
; «uch as we i»e in the nAvel of a pil|Le>Hnate,
with its potchea. And indeed aud|^9AMriyt^->
over thia plant a» fendera it a liQ^HHl and^^'
that, aa one liiay aav, turned accuroBHRj^itlie,
•od having ili notcbiej extant alwve iViVliich, aa
, I aaid, l^yHie-u noniesrainite, on^fhat Ibev
/ are ihai1fr7T<|fend iA nothing but prickJca.-Now
the fruit ia preserved by, (Ida coat of the ruly»,
which frnit IS like the aeid of llie herb 'wderiti»:*
it aenda out iifloWer that limy seenk;to r'v»embk
■ m
■.'■■M\
' 1
BOOK III.-CIIAP. VII. 71
that of ibepopny. Of (his waa n crown mtde,
en^to r<
ernftii
brKlan
B^reiMot
nlioni. Hint, oa he went
iae made, ihut^ miglit lie
lorial to iiic cbUilrcB of
V:
* The reader on j<htui.tiikenoticn herHIRii Uie verv
Moaalc • net4loii)'or,')l«)lilen nl(itc,'1brK|oreheail of
the JeMali hi|.>:i prieat waa itiell'preae^vcjMot nfily till
the Amn^ Jofiepliiia, hut orcirl|ien;'and.thal ija inacrin-
llon, Hollileu lo ilic l.ord,wiisiii tlt« Haiilnritnn rha-
ratierC BeeXiillq.l>; yiii.Vli.-iii.aet'i.u. Rtaayonilie
IHil vmt. p. 1 j^Kiind Kclailil, He t<[m\. TenipH, p.-ltia,
t When Joaeptiw. l>otli here anil clap. vi. i*ru4,'
lappoaea the tal>crincle (o havf^li^i pnricd into three
facta, he seema)oj|^(i thVhare eiilraiicc lo lie a third
Iall tahernarle,aiiil llavcsaela,
IiIeIi priest, l8>tnkefi niit of I'lul
I'liiloanpliiral notions. Tliia nrihi
il,rui.-ji-i.:.V.^HK"'VJr,'"*"Vl'J""""'^ ?*'""• J Jews greatly verded In heiiilitil
4iTls|on, diMinct l^|he hSIy-and the moat boljrpla- Huy, aa Ptdip had tjm been, ani
■criuicle
•I Ol ine poj'py- or (his was n crown made,
f.ir aa from (lie hlmlitr purl of the head losHielk
of the temples . Iiyt ibis ' rphieba,' (or si> this
caly» may bo called, iImI nut cover tha fiirehradt
but it waa ciivalied wilb a 'golilen iilale,'* whicb i
hail inacribed u|uin il the name of ISnd in sacred
characters. Anil such were |he orn.inirula irf
the hlvh prirel.
7. Now hert one may womle/ nt (lie ill-will
which men bear toua, and which thev priifrsa tw
be on account of our drspiain)|; that l)eily svhich
ihey pretend lo honor; for if any one do but
conaiiler the falirir of the lalierliHi'le, anil lake •
view of (he garnienla of the high iiriesi, mid of
(hoaevesaela wbich we make use,iir in our sacred
mbiii^ration, he njll And (lint our. legialulnr Has
n ilitine man, and Ihal we areuiiju^liy riprutich-.
ed by others; lor if any one do wilhoiil |ir<JM-
dice, and w>tb juilgmeni look upun these IJiinga,
he will llnd they were every onoinatle In way of'
imilation and 'rrpresentafion nf l^e nnirerae.
VVben MoHia drstinguished llie li|hi rliacle intU;
thrie parts.f and idliiwid two, ij' them to tha
priesia, as n place nccrasilile nnd ciiliiiiinn, ha
deniited the liiiiil iind the «e», lli'e«f being of ge-
neral ncceaa to all ; but lie set u|inrl ibe third di-
vision for (vhI, becauae heaven if iimccis^iblelp
men. And when he tinlered iwelie l(iii\<*lo be
act An the table, he denoted the yei(rf,ii« iliiilinj
guished into so many months. Uy Urdnrbinguid
the laiiillestick inlo'seventy parts! h|*«crelly in-
timiited the •decani,' or seventy divisions or tha
idiinela; aiid.as to the seven lumps upon the can-
dieaticks, they refeired l« the course of ihv pla;
r#l», of *»hicli Ihal is (he nuniber.'' The vitils"
too. which were composed lof four (bings, they
declared the four elemenla; f|>r (lie plain linen
was proper lo aignify (he earth, bi cause the llai
grows out of the earib. The purple aignitied the
siH, III Cn>'«e that coloir is died liy the blood of
n aca ahell-fish. The blue ia Af to aignily (he
air, and the ccnrlet will nMun^llr bv an iildiu-
lion of Are. A'ow the vrstini ntiif the high print
being niiide of linen, aignitied the earth: the bin* •
denoted the skv, being like lighlnjiitr in its immc-
*griiiialrs,nnil in tbc noise of the hilU reseiiibPng
thiindrr. And for thi I phod, it showed that f< I
had mailc the uuiverae of four [eb'uieiits.Jiliid ii
iorthe gold interwoven, I auppfise ft related to
the splendor by whlrh, nil thing's are enligh(en-
eil. lie also appniiited the breaatplale lo he
placed ill theVuildle nf the e|jhod lo resemble
the eurthi for that hns the very middle place 'of
the world. And the girdle, whlich eiicompa-seJ
the high priest round, aigniAed the ocean, for
that goes round about and lucluijes the universe.
Karb of the aardonyxea declares to us the siih aD()
the moon, those. I iiieaii, that wi|re in (lie nature
of biittona on the high uriekt's shouldera. And
for (be (welve atiinea, whether we underaltind by
them thi^iionthS, or whether we iindera'and the
like iiumber <>f the signs if( tbal circle which «h«
iicii^eks cull tbc lodiac, wo shall not be iiiislakeii
<J|i,jheir iin-miing. And for the niiire, which wto
of -A blue color, it seems to me to mean hraven;
for hrtw btheivwjae could the name of (lod bo in-
scribed upon i(/ 'I'bat it wis also illiiatraieil with
a crown, and lha( of gold ulno, is because of (ha(
aplcnilor with which God is phiised. ' Let tbis
eVpticationt suflice iit present-, since the course
of niy narration' will oft.en, aii'd at many oCca>
res, and this the rather, lieranae In'^hc temple ader-
warililiere waaa realdiatinrl iliiril part, which waa
railed the 'porrli.'otlirrwIdeJBidil'lUi would rnntra-
dirt his ouMuiearrliitioii ol.lheliiliernnrle. whlrli givea
u«a iiottiruliir Bcrount 01 no iiiifrc t^^
fl'lil a e i pllt a t i un o flliuiHyst iia l
.%0
\
-r^-
. , i. ■ - ■ • ■ . ■
!■■■
&
7S
AHNivt "WW*" "•"
cb« irlrtne alvnr
-.x^;«
f •/
Whk?) what Wm I>'*<> tloo'nbail
broMKliI to ■ I'oncluitoii, Ki(t> not lirliiK )r«l ]?"■
■rnt«d, <»i»l iipp««V<'Il III M(>««!», «»r enjoincil
hkni to iKttow Ui« liy(l> pri»»lli«.jil upon Ar
t txilof ln«liiall
11IT1E8 OF THE JEWB,
tatirciur on upon •h»r r«»ili»y ob»y«d wh«l Mi)»«i h«il cMt> !?».
• i,i«U(l«il.iii.lih« ii«ii»»«.ror thii i.flrr|.fiWM •!•
iiiin4r<iit unit Q«t' lliouaiinil five Imiiilrcii itad SR;.'^
Iiu brother, iia U{
Mnrrd Id oliti
firtuc. Anil
togcdivr, li« \o\
firtur, iiHil 01
tlangrra hv. hktl
on wliii'b, iUirll^
Ui« li|K
|Min Mil
ni lliat I
■ran
ill-
{A houur, iin M'luuiit of hia
I* h«il Kathvraii thai iiiullitud*
l«in an acciiunt of Aaron '•
oil-will to ihrni, ami of th*
lrr|[(inc for their aakra. I'ji^
^ hail Ki"i> Icilinion; to liiiii
in all rri|iJ||4|lnii itioHrvil lliair rt:aJinvta (o n;
Now lhi« moiwy that waa br«u«(hl by thaman
that war* fr»« i|ual|aiyur au< h aa.wi tt aHota
IwcHiv JMiiH^IHHs *"'* **'"*' "**
3. Moaaa uow iiurillnl llie talwrimi 1« anfl Iha
pricala; which piii'i^ciilina wai |M'rforui>itl aflar
III* following nfcniiiii h« rofiiniaiiJ*'! Hj»m la
laka fl»a hiiiiilrril abrlirla iif rhoir* iiiyrrh, an
I qual quantity of <aai.i.i, Biid half IIm- t >u'Kuio|[
waighl of ciiiAanion and ralaiiiua, (ihu laal l»
aaortorawciit ipiet,) tu beat iheiu amall, a«d
wat them wilH a hiu of oil of olirea, (• bia
ii our own rounlry iiiraaurr, ami rontaiiia lw»
t/
the
^ * aalil to (hem. "Oyou larail-
■tea, thia wayh la alrraily brought to a ciiiiclutiau,
in • nHmM-f -tiioilt acceptable tu Ciod, and acior-
ding luxou'''*l'*'il'*'*- And BoW, linrp you ice
that li^ i« Bi'elfcd into thia tabermilJe, we
•hall firtt of 111 (land in llMd of oov that niu;r
officiate- for ua, am) may nflniiler ^i the tacri-
flcca, and to the priiyern tiMtare to be put up for
ua. And indeed latd ltielini|uiry after auch a
penoii bf oA left to me, I' ihuulcl have thought
Biyailf worthy of that Ii6nbr» bpth bicnuae nil
men are niitiirilly fond of iheniielircK, and be-
cauav I nui cohariuua tuUi|i]t|cll that I have taken
a rroat JMlrl of iiiiiiia for $k>ur lUliViranro: but
now (joiUlmiiaell hna drti riitinvd thai Ailron ia
worthy of this hofl(>r«uiid ha^cjuMn hiiM for
hia pricat, a* knowing him to heTlfc inoat rigli-
teoua peraoii anion); you. So that he ia to put on
the »eatniei)t« which are coniecratwl to <io<h,h«
it to have the care of the altara, and to make fm-
viaion fiir the facfificct: and he It ia that iiiiiat
>ut up prajkra for you to God, Whq will r»adil^
.leartlicui, not only becauae'ho ia himaelf aoli-
citoUi for your nation, but aliobecauie he wil^re-
ceive tbrni aa offered by one tliiit l||blJi hiiii«eDrk>1
choaen to thia oflii-e."* The HebreWBKni pl(««fV<i
ed ivith whut Waa aaid, and they guv^flWr appro- -
bation to hiiir whom God had Ordain«a; for Aaron
wta of them all the moat de«eryi|lj? of 'thia honoi'i
on account of hia own atock, and gjft of provh
Athenian choaa orVonmiiaea,) then *j« them to-
nether, and boil them, ami prtpari^hnn aftar
the art of the apothecary, and make Iheni into a
very awcet ointiiirnt; ami afterward In take it to
Hiiulnt and purify the iirieitfa th. niaelvra, and alt
tabernacle, aa alao the aaCrjficea. Thera
hi
were aUo many, and Ihoae of varioua kinda, <if
•weet aiiirea, that belonKid to the labcrntcla,
and aiichaajvrre of very nreat price, and w*r« .
brought to fkf golden allur of ilicentc; whoaa
iiature I do not i»ow dearrfbe, leat it ahould b«^^
tniibleaome to my reader*. Ilut incenaet wai«3™|>
1,1 li^ ollered twice a dny, both 1h fore aunriainr ^
....,i:>i •kinaeiiinir. Thrv Were hIko to keep oil
otptaphm'.
nlHtKaftr.
i:nd his baatbrr'a virtue. He bad at
I'ouraouUmndab, Abihu, r.leatnr, an^
2. Now Moaea CQuiiiinndcd (beiu to tOWo uae
ofnU the utenaila which Wire more trTan were
iry to tlic Btfucturc of the Jtibrniacle, fur
conJMng (he tabernacle itself, the candlealiid;^
and iHlnr of incente, and the other veaaela, that
they mlkht not be at all hurt when they joHVney-
ed; eilHer by the rain, or by the riaing of the
duat. And when he bad gathered the multitude
togeth«fJ(H!n»l><'<^o>"«^" 'hut they ahould oiler
ktif n mm^tX rol#ii|Vi<ry man aa an elilal)|(ii to
God ; which ahekelii" apiece anions the lleiirews,
■■*■" iqual toTuur Athenian drachuiw-t Where-
airaudy purirtetTfiir llie lampa, three of which
were logi\< li;jhl alUlilv loiig.4 u|nin the aacred
candlcatkk, before tioif, mid thecal Were to be
lighted at the evenlnif. _ ,..,,.
4. Not* all waa limahed, Keialael and Aholiab
appeared to he the moat akilful of the workman;
fur ihey invented finer worka than what olhert
haif'Wiie before theiii, and were of great abili-
I lilKa t^rain notioiia of what they were formerly
iRnoniil|»f: und of lhe»e*niil«el waa judged to
be the Vat. Now the wh9le 'time they war*
bout thia Wi»kwaathjl internal of aeven niontha;
nd after dp it waa that wW ended the 6rat year
ainc* their departure out of Kgynt. But at the
beginning of the ntconil year, On Ine month Xan-
ibiciH, as the ,M«ci.d(iiiihii» call il, but on th«
month JSiaan, aa the lleb.-ewa c*ll ft, on «hrf new
moon, they ranaecrated the (tkunwlc* and all
ita veaaela, vflirh I k»ve ulr«pr dearribtd.
6. Now (rJw+howed himaelryleaied Wiethe
workof Ihe lit bVewa„JB(J did not pernut^eir
labour* to be in vaiki.nWdid he^di«<Iain SPIRia
uae of what
Hike
any
^nBT did he djadain
_nuide, |>ut lie came and aoM^
wilhllHiriimhyirlled hia tabernacle il«*
himse. Add In the folloi(iiig manner^
lie to it: (lie ak)(, wot clear, but there
t o«|^ the tabernacle only, encompaaa-
tnoipriih auch" very d<|^p and thick '
ia aeeil in the winter a*aa(>n, nor yet in
a one w men might be able to diacern
ng through it, but frotii it there dropped
t
iwlien he wrote theae Antlqulllea. In the mean ilonhelonned to Cod hluiaelf, which are the very tain«
_ne HlanotloliedouliledJiullBthcireduc.-itionlhey qiialillcft(loni) whkh the Cliriatliin religion rcairirealn
East have liblh learned mdSo JawMh interpretalioiia, | the choice of Chrlalian blahopa, prieala, and dee^ona,
^haawe meet wiih in the epiatle of llarnaliaa. in Hint I aa the Apoatoiical ConatUutlona Inform ui/b. II. eh. III.
lothe llehrewa, and elaiwliete anionR the old Jewa. f Thl'^'lR'H and valua of the Jew lali ahekel. In tM
Acrordhifly, when Joaeplma wrote hia bookB of ihe dayaofJoacnluir.equal loalwut Ua. lUd. aterlln«,laliy
Jewish war for the use of the Jetya.nt whlfli lime he I tlicleuriied Jews owned lo lie one liftli la reer than were
waa fompnriiilvely yount, and lean iiaad lo ficiilile I tlieir old «liek(;la;whltbdriorniiiiationaiireea perfectly
books, we fliid onoapeeimeftol aurh a J.'Wiali Intcrpre- ! with Ihe reninhiins ahfkels Ihat^lnve Samaritan In-
Ution for there [STv.cli.v.aefl./i,] he makes the ac- i arrlptions, coined penerBlly by Wmon Ihe MsPrahee,
Mb, h
ven branchra of the tt-inpla candlealirk, with tHrlr aevcn
lamps, aneiiiMem of thtfaevendnyaof rrialion and
reit, ivhlrh'are here cmblcnu of the aeven planets.
Nor certainly ought ancient Jewiali enihlems to he ex-
plained any otherwise than accordini to ancient Jew-
Talk and not l^Giitlla notlona. See Of llie War, b. 1. cb.
milt. Kcl
mil l, w n 1 . - . -^ . , , — j-
* It la wel I worth our ohaervallon, that the two prlnci-
. -■ Vl£^.. >1— ._~BA_..1_A J I_ •Ills lanotlfin tt\w til A fnttmtX.
ahom •i'M yeara before Jow-phiia pMhIiahcd hia Anll^ul-
lica, whirl! never weigh more than '2*. M. and rommon-,
l)rhulVa.4l-4d. 8eelleland, I)e Nummlst'ainarlU-
novum, p. li)H. '■ -Ay
1.:tii<! Incenae waa here offered, acrordi«a fO Joae-
plii^a'a6plnion,lieforeaunrisin« and at aunaeflhig. But
In the dayaof Fonniev, according to the aame jeeephu a.
M
* It la wel I worth our ohaervallon, that me two ptmci- theaarriacea were oiicreii inilic morulflg audallba
nalnuallficailona required In tlilaaecllon, for the ronati- nlni?i hour, Antiq. b, liv. ch. iv.aect. 3,
imion of ihe Arat high priest, viz. that he ahould have an « H»ni-e »ve mav correct Ihe oidiilof
eicsllent 'character' for virtuous and gnnd actions, aa
alao that be ahould have the approbation of the |ieoplc,
sn bere noted by Joaepbui, even where \\i» nomlna-
.•ft
H.
rary
Mt'wi
*»re<
ela.
Hd,
^peti
ili-i I
tiirni
whi'i
|nrli
wl'e
him-
ihnt
wall
viv
then
•ami
then
: as I :
tlnin
on I
- prll|,
•% nci-ii
•cdlit
to ri
bron
Mth
wn*
anil
. of li»
. derm
by h
flrnir
tlii« I
will:
fiirr,
iiiit II
brinf
• II
Oodi
^J wheti
^ again
tT
mini,
the H
deiioi
llienii
naliu
true I
were
after
plate,
tainl)
paiiy
(ace /
We VI
««ee I
luidh
dreil
ainre
of till
well
Wiia I
give r
Wt.llo
nor at
itfror
atrad
thlao
alt all
iinoiii
- NumI
lyiii.
Ham.
' Jer'io
lek,\i
Bam,
llrely
-8im7
3; anil
bin, I
imn«OUr,AniM|. o, »iv. en. !».■«:»». .»-
$ Henre we may correct the opiiilona Of the modeiD
rahblna, wtio aay, that«nl.v one of the teven loM
burned In the (taytime.Vhereaa Jooephug, t* •y«-wil'
ne«, aaya tbey were three
fir'~'^
MuMt hid cMN ' <
pITi'rt'ft WM »i*
iiiilniil Kod AAj.v
(hi li; th« OMii
y ; mill mint nrta
rriiu<'i« ann Ina
IHrforuiiid uflar
iiaiidril tlifiii la
Kiiro uiyrrh, aa
r \\i« f>iirKuia|;
lui, (Ihu laal m
hciii tmall. and
r oIWm, (• bis
ml ronUiiia lw«
Urn M| (liriii to-
liar^Wiriii afUr.'
imke thrill into a
lanl III (uka it lu
iiiinrlvd, and alt
m-rificm. 'Inara
ariuui kliidi, of
I ha lalM-rnacIa^ ]
pr'Wt, and wara
ilifeiitc i whoM
left it thould bar^jk '<
lul ini'rnM-t *"^MB^ ' 4
I Ixforr lunrininr T;
nlixi III k'rep oil
, llirt'c of which
u|Min lh« Mcrcd
iMf'ilWvra to bt-
ilaci and Aholiab
o( ibe wurkuieo;
hao what olhcri
:rc of Krrat abilU
'y nurt; funiiefly
tri wa> judfrd to
Ijiiie llic'jr ward
of iuvrn nionlh»i
id«d the 6nt year
(yiit. But at th«
II ino month Xan-
II it, but on th«
all N, on ifatf new
jwrnacle, and all
K dcirribad.
ryileaied w^ lb*
not pern iit.jfc air
c dimlain flPmake
ttie ranie lind xiJM.
I hii tabernacle mmT
rolloi(inK maiidcr^
clear, but there
only, enconipaMf
' ili^p and thick . '
laatim, nor yet in
le able to Jiictrn
II it there dropped
haretha veryaam*
religion rcqirtrea in
rlritt, and deairana, .
form ui, b. 11. eb. tU.
nwiili ihakel. In Ui« \'
9. lUd. iterlinclaby
iOlilnrnerihanwan
lion atreea perltatly
lave Kniimrltan In-
Mmon (lie Mafcabea,
tihliiihc<lhi«Antlq«l-
'Jt. .'Ml.nnil rominOII-,
Nunimia {taqiarlta-
I, acrordiM 10 loar-
id at luntcaiHg. Hut
mho Mine Joaephua,
t
t
daw, and ivh a« ibowed the
iif Uml III Ihiiae llini ilralrril ami In lirvi'il it
<i, \>iw whi'il \|iMrt had liridiMiail ttnh Uontt-
rary im •rnl« nn Ihr tt»rkiiiiii, ii< h tva< At Ihry
a^l'xijil rcreiip, ohn hail HfniiiKlit «•> Wfll, he ol-
fcfwl aarriflci' in llif oii»n cmirl iif lh» liilHniii>
(In, at <mhI ri|inniiiM.I»i| liiiii.a liiilt,a ram, um<I a
(id/if llie (iinla, dir a •iii-ollt riii|r, Now I •hall
•iprnkiir wbiil tfv d'l in our ■airnl nilii it in my
ill-riiiii^v rilniHi •ai.rlliixti iiml Ihcnm aliall iu-
•iirni inMl in whut i'ii«>« Mixia hill u< nlTir a
whnlf (|jmt'i(irerii>ir, anil in wlialia«r« Iha law
|nrlniliiWM I fiiir,laki' III ihtni H«^f fiiixl. An«t
«l'iii ;\I),mV liail •priiifclril Aaran'i »e.ini(nii,
himo li', nml b)< Mtn«. wilh the liliimi uf ihf In iitt<
iliMt«i'i'r •liiil^.iind hii'l |iiinil(il (hnrt hiiIi "iiriHn
WKii'r>^ aiiil oiiitnirnl, liny Iwruiiie liiiil^ |irii'<tii.
\lVr thii iniiniy'''' <''*' '"^ ronurntlo l|i« m anil
tliiir KiiJfti ntaVf"' «nn ilaya li>|fi'1htr. 'iV
■anil' (in TTnl III Vin I ilHirnHilr, nml Ihr vcxrl^
li.illi wllh nil lir«| inrenx-d,
i tlic liliinil uf liuU', anil •>< ram*,
_ li» lUy 9m-, acninlinK l'> it" kiml. Hut
on iha elyhlh ilny hi- ii|i|iiiinli'il a iVaat iVir Ihi-
peiijilc, and ■■iiiHii'iniiili'il ihriii tii ,tff,r >iirriArv
•rriirilini^ to Ihrir aliilily. Airiirfljiiglv, thev
'cMitrnilrii oil' wllb an illier, anil weri' ni/i^iiliiina
til rurerilnnrli iitlier hi ihr ixi'titun wliifh Ihi'V
Iir0n||bl, al
W the »»e.t
wn* kindli-il*
anil app4iM
of liwIiHiinit
^Ibe allnr.
7. llpreu|)on ai
drrail an ii liifin ni
by him w.ilh Iriii
IrmnPiK nf »ual in 'ik
BOOK lll-CIIAP. Vtll,
79
hi ir K'4B< ntaV
anie nn^il In '
Ihentii hrlonil
an I aniil. and i?tI
ilnin day by day 1
,p'i
inornUig andaiUiv
■I. 3,
iiilona Of Ibe modain
of the aavan lamn
roaephua, hi •ya-wk*
luiiiiii d .Mii«i«'« iiynni tiiin<, iiii'i
lay ii|mn Oie ulUW| • «inl«l. ii fire
wniinK ihrui •■( oMirhniiril,
the HKht- lik^lfcr iri.iii n HaOi
itiiiiird nhatxH'Vi'r ivin upon
iciiiin lielrll Anriin, riin<i-
^her, lint v<ii4 mult rf(iiiii'
; liir hf hail iililrril a
iilpfUMinil he thiMiKht
t|il» nilaliiily I'ami iijion liii^gKonlMiK l.i (1iid'»
will : for wlii>rra> liv liad fon^Bp. ii» I oiiil hr-
lorr, Ihetwi.i'lileriifllii III. VaBiiid ,tl>iliii,iliil
iiiit brinK tliii«p i;irrirn'i'« ivUirfflWMi <.I|M||« tlirm
brin|{, but »inli nn lluy n«itl to oiKir li>rMie<4y , uml
•Mf thia atrnnie i-ipretialiin, tUai Mnura liO li lo
Oodlu lie |irm>i')il til liiaiinrtlllpra wlirii lie |ili>iiai'i|. mid
when lie plnaai'd lo bu wiMi'nt, ai n ihn nuU' on h, 11.
OgalnKl Apiou, aril. III. n
tTiuw nii>wi<Mliy Ihi- oriKlfor trim nnil Tlinni,
mim.wMrli wiiril<«iTnlfy //i'*r imil iirrfrr i,in,\ir tut
till- Hi'iiiungiiii roiilrrthi'in, rrretaiiun nud rr,i'», und
deiioteiioiliinihirlhcrihal I w-, lull the ■khininialiini'*
Ihpiiliwivi'a, nlili-ta were iiaod in ilih nii'llind of illiiinl
nnliuh, in revi':illn« llio wlllof (iod nllrr n |irri(it and
liuc niiiiiiK'T lu Ilia |H'0|>li> laiiii'l; I aii.t , Ihi «■' unani'ra
were not iiihiIu by tlm Bhiiiaiiuf llii' iiripliiiwmoiii'a,
an<>r an awkwii'il innmier, hi ilie liliih iirii-Hi'H lireiial-
platr, aa ll'e iniidi'rii rlihlliia vainly anpiMM);: tiir cer-
tainly Ihi^ aliininii of Hie atniira m1|til prni'cde <ir arroin-
rany llin ornclr, williiiniitauir ricliveriiia tJint orarle,
(ace Anliil. Ii. vi. rli. vl. aefl. J,t«lailMllirr by ii>i audi-
bit- viiifii friini Ilic morryiieat betiveMi llic I'lMiiitiliiu.
I»cf ''ridrnniia I'oniiox. Ill llic ynir i;i4. Tiiii urarle
luidlircn ailciil, na JnacpliiiH liori' lnfi»Bii« ««, iwii him-
dreil yenia liiliirn be htqIc bin AiilT(|)iliicj, or ever
alnre ihe ilaya of llie liiKt iiooj tiieh priiMi of ilie fainily
of the Mnrcaliet'a, Jiiliii llyrriiiiiia. Now it in liere vi-rv
well wurlli vurulNii'rviitioimliiil Ihe orniln la'forciia
wiiaib.ii hy will. I, tliMl npiH'ari'dlu Im iiriwiii Willi mid
Rivi' dirfPiioiia lu lilH|ieople larnelna their king.all ibi'
Wl.ili! Ihi-y aiiliiiiiilfd lu IHiM in luut rupai-ily, uiid did
rulwiotorl.'ii-ni aiirli liuli'pi'iidnni ki'iira iiHrnvi'rnid
flrrnrdin?Io their nwn wlllannd fiolltii'iil miixinia, In-
alead of Divine dirertioim. Arrordinily we meet with
Ihia oraejfl (heaidi'a aidnlir and proplietic ndnioiiHiaim)
all aimis from (lie ilaya of Itloaea anil Jnalhin, to the
nnninihij of l:>aul,llio llrat «f the mirccaaiiHi of lilnmi.
Numh. xxvll.'.>l; Jo«h. vl. li.fcr., it*, ju; Judi. 11
«yiii. 4, \ 6, :mi, ;ti; tx. jm, ski, «. 97, ^h; «,i. i,\i j
Sam. I. )7, IH; ill. per lot. iv. per fol.; nay, ill) Hmil'd re-
Jeeilon of the lilviiie ruininaiida in tira war wilb Ama-
lek, w'leu be look up<i i liiin toart naheihaufbl fli I
flam; liv. X IB, III, :'6. ;.7; men iliia urnrlj. leA Haul on-
[i -*'7-^i""i ! l!'. -".!'"''* '"* !*!"* '^''1,'"'' '•pnaiilied before. I
8ani.ilv.3S; ICbrun. i. 14; .\iii.:i; An ii.yii •'b.iv.aert.
3;andaei'0inpanied|iiiviiVvlinwaaannlnirdtoattrre«if
bin, and whocoiiavlteil lind lijt it frcqui-nlly, and rom-
pIMwIlta ilB dirurliona comitantly, lrtain.xiT.37,41;
liiirnl liid'ath Now wben iha Itni niah*d
U|Hin Ihrm, ami tM||an tn hnrn ibrm. nutmd^
louM tinenrh It, Ari i>nlin|ly, they diid in Ihia
Hianiii-r. And Miiaea bid Iheif f.ilfrr, and their
I liretbpi'H, III lake nii liti'irV)is><liea, tn i'arr\ Iheai)
. rtill nf iNe I limp, ann tn linr« them Hi»KniAi eiilly,
I Now Ihe niHlliliiile Iniix ,iiril ibriii, and waifW |
I ilrpply nlTii-led at tbia lh> ir dratb, wblih In Nsi^
I etpeel.'.lly befill lh»»l. lint Mo«<a rnlrvalM'
III) ir hriilirin, ami Ihrir f'llhir, leii In be Irtiu-
lilrd fur thriu, mill lo prefer tlie b r of Iiml
heforr Ihi'ir |(ri- f ah u I Ibuii, fir Anrnn hiul al-
ready (Mil on Ilia • irfed gnrnienK.
n. Hut MiXf» ri'lM<ed all llml hiiiinr which ba
iiiiw tbi' niulliliiile rrnily In lM'a|nwn|HMi hiiM.nml
HlliliiUil In II -t^ ng iU)> hill ihi aerviiY ol lintl.
He mill n» IHB ii|i to mnnnt .*<inai: luil be wrnl
ipto Ibe liibaHlrle, ami briiii|;li( bark nii'Wrra
iViiiM liriil III vftai he prayeil lor. Ilia bnliii waa
alao ikiil of n jirivnli' imin; nml in all olb«rrir>
eiliiKtniH ra hi brhnviil hiMKelf like one of lb*
ermimoti (lem'le. and •*»« ibairoua l'> ttjijimr wilb»^
out iliatini'ni'hiiiK hiiiix If from Ihe niMltitiiile,
but wnnlil iia\i' It kiMiMii that he did woibinK elar
bnl take rare of Iheni. He nl<i, ait ibiwin in wrt-
liiiK Ike birin of their Koiernminl, and iho**
jiiW. by olieilinire wberitnllie* womIiI Unil thei^
Inra in,aa lo plenM' f >oil, nml tn u« in bay* no
i|iiiii ri'la mil' hiiioiik HUolhej'. Ilnni'vii, the lawa
lie ontninid n, n' •mh na (iild anKgi'led lo himi
an I ahiill now ili«i-ourai' nnicerninK that furui of
Kovernmeiil, and llioae lawa.
U. I will now treat of what I hi-fore nmittad,
the garment of Ihe high pHr«l: forhe |MoMa|
left nn room jpr the evil prai liri'4 nf I faUe] pro-
pbela; bill iJB>Mle nf that aiirt aboulil atli'ni||l In
uliiue the iliviiie uiithorily, be lilt jt li> Iiml in
be preaeiit at bia tai-rifiiea wben hr pleaaed, ami
whin he plekaed In be abaent.* And he waa will*
in; tlvia klioiilil lie known, not lo the llebrewa
niily, but to Ihnae lot'ei|;iiera nUo wfio M ere thrrr,
lint na to ihoae atone •,! which we Inlil yon Imi-
I'lirr, Ilie bigb jirieat bare on bia •lioiililer*, which
IV. '•fl: juii. I3,*i.l ««lil.(t. 10; xiT.7,«,.l^'i»«ani.ll. !;».
Itt,<.>:i:»t. I, olll. II; iriiran liv. |U. II: Anili|. b.al.
i-lnil. aei'L.V Hniil, Inilenl. long after bia rejeetioa
by ihkl, mill >\beii Ihnl had;(iven bmi up lo lieairoc-
t lluii for hiajllauliedieiire. Hid loire nfternnrd endeavor
toi'oiiault lioil, ^vlieii il wiin iiHiluiislnii i;ud would
mil tlieii nnawer lilni. iieilhi'r by drrania, nor by rrim,
mirby prupliela, t Hairi. i\viil..lt, .Nor did any of Da-
vid V«iii:reH«ira, Ihe kliiifa of (>iidab,lllnl we know of,
riMiaiiUlloil hy lhb> nrmle. till Ibe very llnhyloniail
rnt<llvily ilaeir, wben tliu>ii kiiiga were at an end, Ibay
lakiiiK U|Htn Ibeni, I auptmae, hio niurh ofdnapollr.
■■iiwrr niid roynlly, und iiNi lillle ownim: ibc l,'a<l of la-
lael for Ilie niipreinn king of iaracl. Itiougb a few ol
them ronanlled Ihe prnpliota antnetiniea, nml were an
awered hy Ihein. At ll.ereliirnof Ihe iHotribea, wllb
out Ilie ri'tiiiu ofllie kimly gnverrtiueul, tin- realura-
lionuflliiHorarlo wna ei|H>i'ied, .Seh. vli. 1); I fMi.v.
M: I .Marr. Iv: -IIV, xiv. 41. And iiidei'ri il niiiv aeein le
buve hci'U realored hir aoiiin tiuie ii!ler Ilie Hi'ibyloniak
ranllvity. nl leaat in' the ibiya of thai eirelleul higb
Iirieat, Jnlm HyirniiiiK. whiini Si'M-[>'.i\u eaireineil aa a
ling, It |>rleat,Hnda|iropl>et; and who. be aaya, foretold
aeverni tbiiinaihal mine to pam ari'ordingly; IniI abonl
llieii litbiadenlb lie liere Implliii il:nilhia6rarl«,
i^iiile ceaaeil, und not liefore. 'nii) following blah
priealaiinw pulling dlmlenia on their lieada, and rUllRf
nrrordini! to it.cir own will, and hy Iheir own niithnrf
ly, like Ihe utherklniia nf ilie rugni roiiiilrieii nlioiit
them: aolbal while the Iiml nf lari.et wna aboweil to
lie the aupreiiie king of larnel. niid bia ilireriionain ba
liieir uiillieiiiir cublen, lied g»ve iheui pnrli diri-i ImiMi
aa.liieir Hupri-me king lind gover.tur: niid Diey wart
properly under n Iheoerncy, hy Ihi-iiirai'leof I'riin, lait
nn longer (aee Hr. Hernnrii'a iioleii here,) though I roll-
ferni I riiiinul hut ealevni thfl iiiili prieat, jaditiii-'a i|ivln«
dream. Anlii). li. xt.cb. viii.ai ^-t. 4, and the liiib nrieal,
Cahiphiia'a miwl reinaikul'le prnpliery, John ti. 4T— AS,
aa two amall remaina or aperiuiena nf thIa anrtent orn-^
f i e , wl ii fh pro j ierly lielnnged lu Ibe J i iw ia i i liigl i prtaal n.
N'or perhapaiHiiilit weeiiliri'ly to fnrgrt that eniinem
Kropheiir drenin of our Jnae|ihua bimaelf (one neil to a
ign pfleai,aa of Ibe family ofiiieAaamonean^or Ma«-
cabaca,) aa to the anccaaikin of Vcapaalnii n ti TItw M
i'l
u
iHTiyllTIKM «ir THE jkwh.
cpUtiun of Kvili, *ai) ■• antisrliiiiiini^ • ho|M'-
'OfMci uf iMtlcr linifi h«r»iift<r. I'hrjr of-
■liu RiClt lu Goti, Hiniii ■• I'liiuniuu lo tli<:
•kfMM lh«» ■•Wr*. •'••7 '»«i"HJ l»w»» '" "*'/
kodf i) Ik* una of I)»hi •hiucilTml wliain (lU'l wm
prMsnt ■< lh«ir M<'rlltr»: I uimn, Ihul Mrliiitl
WW In th« natnni uf ■ bHlluiiiUii lil« ri(lil ihqul-
il»r. bri|(hl nit ilartiHK iiul thiiu-«i uml Im-imb
«••■ vf Kn liy ifuiwi lliNlwrr»Aiii»t riitiolfi Mphlrli
wilciMlur jrt ««• n.il IwfuMi haliiriA lit lh« tli>a«
Tlii* ItM t|il)*ar«il ■ wriatli^liil lliing in aurb .it
)■•«* nol M i*r iiiiliiti|i'il lli/»iii>rl«** in nliMntn-
tA\f, ■• li> iImjiiw • iU'IIH' ^•»rUl»on." Vfl wHI
rtwnlton wtaal il tllll iror^ KMiu|«r6il Ihin Ibit)
Ibr tiwrjIfUrtil li»l«r»hiiiil, by (h<i<» Mtalv*
•lonna whirh lh« hixh prUM hntr on biabfa*).
iimI itliiili War* iii«vrl*il> liiti hi< liri-«iliil >■' •
whrn lhi'» ili.mlil tm »irl/irniu. Iii b»Uli-( rnr «>
afr»l It •|i|»ltilcif •hun» Ijiritl Irom limn biliir*
W iiMiijf tM-fnn tu marcji, llml jII ttw |I««|iIb
atvra ariidbl* of Odd't luiliK |in*riil f.ir thiif
•MiilNiii^r. tV bcnf • it liiHi' M (MM Oml lli.iir
Unickt whu liiii( Ik onc^dMii (>r our lam. I><"
rnuM lh«y I'uulil nol fkitMblv rmiirNilu't IbU,
r.«U<Hl Ihm brcMiuUl* '7'h« Ofii>l: iNoW Ihu
brMmiiUtr, iinil IliU •fnUmyx. Itit uir ^nliiuinK
Iwii humlml yv»n bcHlr" I imiiiimimiiJ ibii ImjuIi,
Uuil h»«inK ''ran <li»ulji««il Hi lilt: lritM>Krri>ioii
d( hia Uwa. Of wht.fi lhin)c» Hi abitll CurtbiT
iliacoara«> iiii a lilli r u|4|>url4iiiitv ( bill I will nuiv
fu on wilb iiiv |iriipo*fil nnrnlioii.
10. 'I'b«" IuIm rniiclaj hfiMK iiow iNin^trali ;«li
and a rrijiilitr orilrr btlinK arllloil I'lir ihr priral*!
tb« multiiuib' jiiiI|(<mI (hat Hud now ilwill uuiuntr
Ibain, anil briiiok ihriiiat'lvca In aAirilkia ami
jireiMia l» (luil. aa b«iii|^ lluw ilrlivi'ml Ironi all
•■ip«( ■
Cul profj
liirwl al „
wbole oaliuii, nnd olbrra aa pviuliHr In Ibciii-
aalvaa, and lhin« Iribt by tribri fiir Ihr biada of
Iba tnbe* ruiiibincd togalh<T, Iwn bj Iwo.^ nml
broMsht a wa^oii ■niJ a yukx ul' oxirii. I'hcaa
amounted lu ux, add tlia) varri«d lh<- lulMrniirlc
^jfrn lh«/ iuurnejrrd. Htmiilea ivbicb, utry
h#ad of a ti il)c bitoiKhl a bnvtl, and n cbiim r,
awl n apoon, nC Irn darica, lull uf iiii enao. Now
tba cbargor mid lliti ttOwl wt'rn of iilvcr; and
to|*thiir tbty wi'i)(l)<'>l t**" huudrrd ahrki la, but
lb* bowl roal no iiiorx Ihau •rvt-nty nhikLla; and
thcae Wore full uf line nuurifilngli'd with oil, aiich
aa thev uM'.d on lb>* altar abnnt Ibi; ancrifici*.
Tbej. bruuKhl nian a yuunr buMnck, and ii ram,
with ■ lanib of K year old, fur n whole burnt/
olforinf^, aa alau a |;nat fur Hie for^ivcnr^a of
■ tint. K»ery una of ihc bisnda of llio trififa
brought alau olhrr tacrificrt, cnllid ' |i<'acc-oA*r-
inn, for errry diiy two bulla, nnd live mnia,
with lamb* of a VeAr old, and kiilii of tb« (;oula.
Thaae head) of Iribet Mere tHclvii diiti iii »a-
eriicing, one aacrificinK »**ry ilaj. Kow Mo-
aca went no lunger 4(i to Mount Sinni, but went
into th« taberimclf, and Irarncil of ffod wliiil
the? were lu du, iiuil what lawa ibuiilil ba ninde;
which lawa nrre preferable lu wlint ha»« been
devitcd by huiiian uadiralnniliii);, and proved to
be firmly obacrvijd for all liiiie to coihe, aa bciriK
the Roman rtnillrc, and that In Ihn dnya of Nero, and
before elllii-r ('alba, Otho. or VMi'lMua, wrro lliouuhl
oftoaucrecdtilni. Of iha War, l>. hi. rh. vill. aecl.T.
Thla, I tliinii, niaywnll he liiokpil on aallie verjrlaai
Intlanre of any ihinf like Ihe pro)>lieilr Trtm among
the Jewiali nallon, and Jnal prweilcU tluir lUtal dcaola-
lion. Rut taiiw U roiilil (luMllily cpiiii'. to paw, thai
•urhfieHlnienaaSIr John ManaluiiUJiiiil |lr. Hpenaer
aliould imagine llini tlilaurnilror Orlin nnd Tliuuimini,
with other nraclicea ua ulilnr older tlinn llie lawaof
Mo4ea, ahould have lieen ordained In liniiniion of aome-
whatllkeUem anionn the Ejypilann. wiiich we never
hitarorillllho dnyaof Dlodotua Hiculus, £llaii, and
Maimonldea, or Utile earlier tlian the Chrlailan era at
; Iha liU li Bil. ■ almuat mianomitali lc ; w h i l e th e mal fr
balraved l« b* iha (tifl ufli.xi.inauiilWh tliat Ika
lltlii'owa dlit ml lr«iiB||«"« an> uf thoia lawf,
•lUMr aa' KiMjilvd in DmiooI |H<a>-* hy iMtury
or IB liiiiea of'war by iliilriMor aiuir*. |l«» I
■ay mi ninre h«rv ■ 'in<'ernin< tbani, barauaa i
b««a raaAUrd to • uui)iuka aiH.inar wuf k ewtcar**
laf our law<.
CHAP. IX.
y Th* A»lurt if our i^f'trlHt Satr{fiM*.
i I, I WIl.fcKow, hnw«ii»r, iiMka nienllow nf •
f>w of our lawa whi>b baloiic lu ti«rilirBlio|ia,
awl iht like aiirrid oAicra, ilui-e i am acriilenlul-
l» c«»u»' In Ibla, wnlUr ol am'iHlfra. I h»a» ta« ri'
llfn wiri- of iwii aorta; of llieae aurla oh* waa
olTeri d for pruule |i«ra<in>. »ud the other f<»f lb« -
peoidii irt Renerali and ili«y ara dun* In iwu dif-
ferent ww«t. In ilia nnr I ii« .what i< alain la buriil.
a* a wliule biirnl-ollerinK. whrnre ibj^name la
k|«> n In il i but Ibtt dibrr i< ii llieflk-ul|VTin(, ami
la deHiKMid lut f*a«linK lliou' lliiil «acrilh». i
Wilt a|i<ttk ot the tnniirr Nnppoaa a ^fata
man olfer a b«r»l-»lf'*»niK' h" '"'"' •'") •■ilh'ra
bull, II Iniub, nr a kid of iki' Koala, and lb* two
bin. r of Ihi' ftral yiar, llii)U«b hf bulla h»- la p<r-
nulled lu »«irilii-e llioa« ul a ([reatar an»i but
alt burnluSiriniJa are lo be of nialea. When
lh<y iini alain. iliii pi-i«M» aprlnkl* Iha blood
iiiunii about llie allii^; llien Ihey clvanta Iba
hiMlii a, niid itindn Ihcni into jiarl^, and anil Ihi-m
wilh >hII, and l.iy lliem iiiKin llie allar, while the
pii'cea uf wiuiil are pilud uiw upun Hiiollitr, and
Iha 6N) i< burning: Ihey netl ilaanae Iha feat
»l lh« anirilii ra, nnd iha iii»n«la. Ill an ai'curala
innnner-, and "o lay Ihriu lu the real lo b* purred
by Ihe firr, while'lll" prieala rei'tive Ihi) hldaa
'I lii« ia Ihe wuy of odi'rtng a burnl-a(rerini{-
i. Uut ih.iM' Ibul idler ihiink-olTcirinira, du in-
ilri'd aHirifiie Ihe aaiiie rrealurea, but auch a*.
lire unbl<:iiiiahril,nnd above a year old • howe**')
Ihey may lake either malea or feinalo. They
alau aprlukk Ihe nllurwith ihiir htiiod; but the^
lay u|ion Ibe ahur tho kidneva and the caul, anil
all the I'nl, ami Ihi- lobe of Ihe liier. loK'«l"'' ,
wilii the rump of the laiiib; then RivaiK tba
brraal and Ihe ri({lit »houblir In the nrieal«, tha
olTcrera .IVatt ufion Ihe r< iiniiiider of the 0eth
for Iwn il iih; and tvh»( relniiina they bnrn.
:1. Thi' •mrilWn for abia nre oOtrfd in tba
aaiiie Hianiier aa i« the tlinn1k-offi:rin|r, Hut thoaa
who am unable lo purcbaae rniiiplele MCriAcci.
nllVr two piKeoiia, or lurtle-dovi-a; Ike one of
which ia made a burnt-offeriiiK; In CJod, Ihe other
they give n« IViud for the priiala. Hut we thall
treat more iicruralely about the oblalion of Ihoaa
rrealUrea in our liiai'ourtii ronnrnliig lacrilicca.
lint if a pinion fall into ain hy ignoranre, he.
olTera a ewe luiiib, or female kid of Ihe pmU, of
lh« kaiiin ngn ; and Ihe prii ala aprinkle Ihe blood at
the altar, not after ihe forimr manner, but at the
cornera of iti They alao brin| Ihe kidueya and
Ihe rut of the fat, toKelher with the lobe of
Ihe liver, »o Ihe altar, while Ibe prietia bear away
the hidea, nnd tha fleali, and tp< Ml II in the holy
place on the >ame day;* for ik» law duet not
Ihe like or urenleraniliiiilly of aiirh enatomi In K«ypl 0'
olhrr nnllona.whirli indeed la|rneril^UOnealall,llla
nioul ulMiiril lo ilerivn any of Moava'a InPI f'e* 'he Iml
Utioii of Ihoae heathen prariiren. Awk hypotbeiaa
denionalraic lu iia, how far Inrlinalion caafreVail over
cvMeiire, In even aorae of Ihe niual llUBad part of
nianklnil. ■ .- ,.
• What HehiiMUfell oliwi-vea here, out of JoaenliDi, aa
compared wilh ibe law of Mo««, l.ev. vli. I J, (that th#
ealln^nfthe aarriflcetheaiimedny itwnao'rered.aeemi
to mean only heftore ihe mornlnf of Uip neil. nllho'ili*
lallar pari, I. «. Ihe niKhl, lie inalilDn^aa part of the nei|
day, acrordlnir 10 the Jewiali rerkoninn) iatmally lob*
ohaerved uponMlieroceaeionaatao. The JewUnathB
U l a u th r a iiea , It aa e a w , la Iht a, lli ,n t Ihe daytnw la- fnra
4'
buaineaa ofthe law of Moae* waa evidently lo preaerve
tlia Nraelitrafroinilie idolalrooaand enperttltlouaprac.
urea of the nii(li|iorin« Paean nalioiiit. and while It
wao uiideninh'e, that the evMenre for the ureal ami-
^Uy«l?MOBtfa law la iDComparai'lji beyood tbulfor
the nlghi; and Ihta appearato me lobe the ta»ua|a hotb
of Ihe Old and N«w Tealamenl. I«ee alio Ibe note oa
Antk|.b.iT. cbap.l«.^MCt. 4. aDdRa.ui(l<not«oiikt
It thap vu'i- aaet 91'
1
4
f
K)OK III.--CIIAP. }L
n
u( tlliiia Uwi.
pW* hy iMtiiry,
I ttlitin. Ilul i
b^iu, barauM I
do ni»iitlo« of ■
I mil KcrKlfiilul-
■, llini* fiuri*
r wrU iiH*' <•••
hf other fuf lb* ■
dun* III twii ilil>
! It iliiin It l>uriil.
>iik-unMin(,a«l
lull >acrtlh'ri I
fipoaa • |>rtta*«
ml •In) (.iltttr a
lit, anil III* IWO
' liulU h)- i* pir-
rraUr *lfr; but
! iimIi'i. WbtD
inlil« Iha bli^
ha)' cUnnM (ba
1^, ahil nail Ihrii)
> allHi', wbil« th«
pun niiulhtr, aiul
ikanaa lha l«al
a. Ill an ai'curala '
'I'll III b* pnrrfil
ciivr ibo hiua* '
■nt-olTrrinK'
-atfrlriii|r», ilu in-
ri^t, but tuch a*.
ur oMi hvi«**ar,
friiiab ». Th'jr
' hbiod ; but Ihv^
ml ihe ennt. and
! liinf, luKilh«'r
Ihrn KrviiiK Iba '
> Ihr nrinil". lha
Icr or Ilia Hi'itl
Ihcv bnrn.
t< odtrfil in tba
rinK Hul ihoM
iipliile •acridcci.
ivrit; Ikr onn ol
II Uoil, Ihe olhrr
li. Kul wr ihall
(iblaliun of ihiiM
irnliig iBcrificci.
iy ii^noranrr, he .
of Ihi" (fiial», of
inkle Ihe blood at
nniirr, but at tha
Ihr kidueya and
vilh Ihe lobe uf
prirtU bearawajr .
ntl i( in Ihe ho\y
he law duet not
■nalomt In Rcvpl or
■liUoneaialMlla
ildKfrortitlielml'
(•ark hjrpolbcaaf
III raa Retail over
iU leuB«d part of
out of Jonepliiia, a^
V. vli. 13, (tliai ih«
twiiao<rer»il,ii^in«
tlioncil. nllho'ili*
i^u part oftl'e licit
innjixMally tob*
riicJewMnailm
Ifi^ H.lr.ylJf l».f.».«
<,
1
i
U Ikaw III laaaa ut it ani
ittlka
HMirnliiK |lal
parmi
if aay
hatb Hi.lHhl) that ran iinin* il ii|i<iii hiiu, ba of
una «Mi. am
I M i'ltllW IOU« Ul II llllHMilf, bu<
(•r> a raai, Iba law •iiJolninK bun lo In iIm| Ip*
llaall of which ilia prieal* ral aa briiire, In lha
(mIjt plai'e, un Ika Mma da) Aiirl if Ihe ruler*
ullar WMirltci* for their tin*, Ihe) brinK the MBia
ittil.iliiiui^ Ihal |ilri«al* liiendoi »«l]f Iney lu far
difir, Ihal llirjr are In bring (or ■■> rikaa a bull
or a kid uf Ihe noaU, Uilh main.
4. iVnw lha law reipiiret, ImiUi In prirala and
Cublii' 4a<rll)«e>, llial lh« liaral ikiur ba alau
ruNghli for a lalub ihr iiii'N>ur* uf una linlh
■leal, fur a raiu Iwn, ami lor a liull three. I hia
llier ruiirerrair u|hiii the allar, wh>'n il la iiiiu-
Kleil wUh uih licir iWl it alau liruiinht by lliuav Ihal
aar^rlltie, for w liiill the hall uf a bin, and fur a
ram the third imiI of iheaaiiie nieiunrr, and one
ipiilrlir ttf It l.ir n lauib, ' Thia km la mA aurirnl
llrliri'W UK laiiri't mid I' ri|Hl>Nli nl tu two Alhe-
iiIbh i'li<i|ia (nr I'lilHiHMrt.) 'Ibey lifiiin tlin ••nia
^oaiittt/ ot oil whirb thrj do of wim-. ami tttry
punr llie Ariiii' alHiut the uUari bu| il any una
iliWi iiu< old r a I iiiM|itela iurriAca nl aiiliNtUi
liul briiiK AiH' rtioir only fur a %uw. he ihniwa a
The hinh priaat likaWMa pyeaenU a ram (• fla4
aa a biiriti nUeriHi
4 IJuuH Ike tlleaalh dajf uf Ihe Hina munlh
whea Ike
fur
lea lha aeaaon nl tile )'nr la ih«n||in||
Winter, IIm law eiijotaa aa lo |illrh lalMrnacTra i«
anerjr one uf our houaea, an ibul we iireaerra
ourtaUea Irum the cold ol .Ihal lime |M I'le year)
aa al»i that whtu wa ahell arrite ai iiur owa
rouniry, and niaie In iIinI i ity ibal we aknuld
hate Inea for our inilrii|>i4i«, liKiiiiteul lha Irm*
pie Ihirein In lie built, hw.I keep a fk.tllval titf
et(bl data, and iiMi r burit|-oiri'rii.;(a, and iiir«i<
Aril IhankoAerinKa, Ihal Mr ahuubl i nrry In ovr
banda a braitrh i*t Hiyrlle iiihI wiIIiw, and a
Iwufh of Ihi' iHtlinlrir, with the mlrliiion ol lha
|Miiiiei'ilron, Thai the biirnl-»#rrin)(on llie llral
of ibuae diMr* waa In In a •arritlii' ol thiiiicn
IniOa, and fiiarlren luMilia, and tMi'rii iai(i«, tiitit
Ihe addiliun uf akiii ul |hi Koala, aa an rl|i|alloa
fiif aiiia, and un thi lolloniiiK data IIm -nnie
nuinbrr uf laniba, anal ol rain», willi Ibe kida uf
the Rtml*; but alnttAnic one wt thr hatW rtrrjr
day, till iKiy aniouMtd to leim unly, On the
«i||htli day all work waa Inid aaidr, aiid lh,n, »•
we aiiid hi'liirr, lli<y aairifiiid In II'mI a bulloik,
And Ihia |a (be ai't'll
Ml liTiwa, wlieii Ikwy
buiidfiil iiuuii Ibi' nlur h> Ha Aral truila, while the i a rmu, ami •• vrn liilltl'a, with, n kid ol |lir t;oal<
prii-alo iHle the ri'<l lor tlirir loud, I ilhir boiled, ' . . .,
ut'iiiiniiled with oil, liiit iiiadfl iiilot'iikca of lireail.
Hut ttk'ilaiievir it bn ihiil k prtaal biiiKtll ol-
iVri, il luiial of mil •Illy all be burnt. Now lb*
law furiilila na lu aai rim^e any Hiumal ul ibi' '•unu'
lliua with ita dam ; and in other i aai », iint till Hie
eighth day alter |la birlh. Ullier aittrirteri thi re
ar« atau a|i|iuinled lor eacittiiiiK ilialeuipar>, or
lor other i,i'iiui|nn<. in whiili meal ollirlnka are
I'ltnallMii'd Iniceih) r Willi llie aiiiniida ihul an- aa-
crifii'i'd, uf ivbirU :t i< nut lawful In leave any
part till llie next iluy, only ihe pntata are lu
lake their uwii aliari'.
<;iUi'. X. •
Vtmetmlng Ihe >'i'.tfirnff ; andhouitnrh fht'j nf
riii'A f'ttliral i» lo ht nhitrrrJ.
{ I. TlIK liiw n'i|iiinia, ibiit out of Ibe publii;
ei|ieiiaea, a Innib ol Ihe liral year he kdled < vrry
liny, ul thi' li«'.;iiininK iiiid at the indinK uf llie
day: Iml^n tin- aeteiiih day, whirh i<i r,ill;^il thV
Hnulinlb, they kdl ttvi, aiid •inrifli-e llitm lii Ibe
•UDia maniiei'. At llie new uioon, they bulb |ier-
for ail miualinii ul aint.
loiiml •"Ullilllty id' the
pili'h thi ir IiiIh riiiub a.
A. In the iiiiintli ut XiiNlbicii^, wliii'h la by ut
nilbil ISiaan, and ia the be|(inniiiK ul our tear,
un the finirteinlb day of lli' liiiiiir nmulli, itbin
lha ami i> In Arlea,(|ur on ibia ifiontb it wnailiat
tt'i^ wire ill Itvi red , froMi ImiHiImui' unilrr the
K|^tpliana>) tile law (IT1t!Trfri 1 1 , IMiil we rhuuld
every yeiir aluy that aai rlliri' uhitli I befun' lold
you we >lrw when we rano out of Kjrypl, and
whirh wiia rMJIid Ibe I't'iuver: and an we do
relebrale Ihia paaaurer in i oiii|>nnie*, linvinK
nulhinir uf tiluil wi aarrilire till the diiy fiilluw-
ing. The feilat if unleatriiid hri ad >iiri eeila
Ibul of llie paanuMi-, and lii|l< iiii tin lifliiHtll
day nf Ibe inonili, »)m\ iiiiiIimik i aeven ilnt*,
wherein Ibit Itnl on unbxiined broid; on every
one uf wliii'li dn)* two bulla ure. kdlei', and uiift
nun, iiiiil aeten lainba. h><vi Ibeae tanilia ani
entirely liurnl.lH'aiileHllie kid ot ihi' Kiml<, wbirh
ia Hitdi'd III all III! rial, I'lr •iii«; Cur 11 i< iiitendril
na M li ral fur (h< pnial on i ury one of Ihew
._. , , I ''*>'•' ""' "" lb*' aei'ond iliiv of iinliMiveiieii
form the daily iHi-rilii ra, and aluy tun bulla, with | liri'iid, wtiirb i< tlir >lxlii iilli iiiiy nl' Ihe ninnlh,
aerrn lamba uf iIh' Aral tmr, and a kid of the , I'liy liral p.irliiki of Ihe Iriiila o! Ilii i uMh, for
Siala i|biu, loir the enpiution of aiiia; Ihut ia. if j b< lore llilit iliiy thi y i\'> not toanh tin m. ,\ni|
ey bayi' linned ihrnUKh iKnuniiire. . it bile tliiy HupiHiae il pnip'r to lionor Oiid,
it. Hut un Ihe aitinlli nionfh, tthii'b the Ma- > from wbuin tli>) oliluin a pliiilif"! pMiiaion, in
rwloniuha i;ull lit |BrlieFi'|u!iia, they niaki an ml- I Ihe Jir«t plini ihiy olli r llie lir'-l-liuila of their
diliun to Ibuae iilri'udy nit ntionid, niid aarrifii'e ' barley', mid Ihiil in the niDiilier I'nllnttlhi;; ihejl
a bull, a ram, and aeven lauilia, uiid a kid ut' the ' ' ■ i' ■ ■ -■ , . , ..
i^nla, for aim.
3. Un the lenlh day uf Ihe aunic lunnr niunib,
ihey fiial idl the eteniiiK; 'md Ihia iliiy lliey an-
.rrilicu II bull, and two rami, and aevrn lamba,
■lid a kill of the Kiiala, for aim. And besides
allele, Ihey brin;; two kida uf Ibe Kiiitta; the one
of Which ia atnl alive out of the liniilt uf the
viaiiip into the wilderneaa. lor the ai'a|ir-eoiil, and
to be nn expinliuli (jr tba tlnt^f the wuule mill-
titude; but tlui other ia brouKbt into a pbire u/
(real cleaiimaa tyilliln the liniilt uf the i:uinp,
'tnd it Iheni burnt, with ita tkin, vrilftiiul iiiiv *orl
4of cleantiMK. With thia root wai burnt a bull, not
'ihruiinht liv the^M'n|ili', bu| by the liiill )irie>l,ul
hit tilvn clwrgta: whirh, wliair it W«" aliiin, he
brought of Ibe bloml into the holy plucc, liiKe-
Iher with llu- bloud of the kid of ilie k<">Ii, and
iptinkli d tlir ceiling witli hia fiiif^rr arven fiiiiea,
at alan ita |>«veiiient, and n|(.un aa oil rn loit arda
-the moat holy |,lare, and nbuut the golden altar:
"linhi
Hit
ilto, at Ittm iiruiKt It into Ihr o|ifii Court, m
tprinklet it abuurtlie f^real ajtar. B<tidct<4lii<^
ihey act the extri miti< t, and the kidneyi, ami
take II liandfiil uf the e:ira, ninl dry llu in, then
III III lliiiii aniuli, iiiiil pur^e the liinli t from lha
bniii; they then briii;; one tenili ili id I'l tin' iillar,
to (lull; and i'iiatlo|( one haniU'iil uf il ii|ion the
lire. Ibay li :ive the real fur tin' Hue of the iirietlt.
And afli r tint it it liial liny umiv publicly or
privately reup llieir harveal. 'Jlii-y alan, at ihit
participatiun of the lirat-l'ruita iHf the inrth, ta-
crifire a tuuib, na u burnt oReriinr to (riiil,
li. When » iviik nf wccka lina puaar I uVer
after Ihia aarrilice, (tthick tteeka innluiti forty
and nine ilata.) nn the liftii lb il.iy, which it I'riH
leroti, but ia culled by the ilebfeiva Aaartbai
which aiirniflet I'eiitecint, ihiy brin^ In lind.a
loaf, iu;«le of wheat (lour, of livn tenth ilraia,
with leaven r and for aarrilicra lhf)r brihff two
lambt; ami when they liuie preaentetl llivni to
Uiid (bey are made rcady^ iiir lupper for the
prieata; nor ia il (leruHjIcil lu leave any Ibing of
theiii till the dny JUpVuint;. They nl.<n aluy ihrre
bulloi'ka lor n bimitfejijll'i riii|;, anil two niiiia, and
fourteen lamba, wiHKtwn kid* ol the juialU, tor
■iua; nor ia there any ime of Ihe fpalinda but in
It Ihey offer l)ui'nl.<iff<'r$n({ii; Ihey, alan allut*
ctbetaatiiageliadi
re alto Ike note oa
Ke-and t note on k.
the fat, with the lube of the liver, upon the aUar. , Ibeuttelyi t lu real vii eVe'ry uiii- oi them. At
'70
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
Aiiil (or the li-pdMLlic •iiftiewd them not toeonHl''
into the city at nil, nnrtn livp with any o(|ieni
HH if thrjiwtTe irt'i'tlMCt dfail |)cr«iiiii; but if any
ont! had obtaini'il, by prnyer ti> (inil, the rccorery
from that diiteiiip^r, niid had Kniiicil a hcalthlal
coniplrxioii again, i<urh ii hiik rrtnrncd thanks
to(ioH, with M'vrrat »orl« of tHcriftrcii concern-
in^ wlMrh wn will spt-ak hrrcafter. ».
4. Whenr*- oiii> cannot liut uniilc at thoie who
lay,' thitt Mo>«t waii liiintHf afflicted with Irpro-
vy whrn he fled liiit of K|;ypt, and thht he be-
ramv the Conductor of tho«> who on that aixoiint
Ipft that country, anil l<d llftni into the land
of Ciinnan; foi* had this liern tnir, Muti'* would
not httVe made thi'ir |aivii (o hi< own itikhnnor "
which, indeed, it wu« uiorc lik) ly he would hare
in their. ttead.'wMle the lonvca W^re f;iven to thcs oppo«<^l, if othcra Ijud tndcavorcd to introdue*
Itrieiita for their Yood, nnd thi' frunkinaenx! wh« Ihrni, and thia Ihr rather, brcaune there are
burnt in that nuorrd fire tvherein all tmir olTcr- leprra in innnv nations, who y4't are in honor,
,ihg( were burnt alad; and loothrr frankincense and not only free from rrproncli nnd nvnidance,
wai net U|iun th^ loavca instead df lyhat was bnt who hiite Inen ^rcut captitin* of arniieii'and
there before, Th^ [hiphj ^»ie>t aUo,'<it his own l)C'< n intniMeil witli liiKh omi'es in tho common-
,'cordiuly, (ne law prescribes in them all, what
' kindsjiiev are to sacrifici;, and how they are In
reatyntirely, and must slay sacrifiretinurder iu
fea([ upon them.
Kowever, oat of the coninmn charces, ba-
ked sivail, [was set oK the tablt of sbow-ureadil
withouVleuven, of twentyvfour' tenth deals bt
rionr, Nluir^mtich is spent upun,lhis breiid: -two
. "heaps of^cse were bHkcd ( they wer-r taken th<!
day befop Ihf Sabbath, but were brouEh^t iilto'
the holy place on the mornini^ of the Sabbatli,
and set upon the holy tuble, six oji a heap,.one
loaf still stnndinif over Ufrainst ntinther, where
two golden cups full of frankincense were also
set uiHin theni.and there thrv remained till ui|0-
ther Sabbath, and then otherViares were brought
chi|r);ea, olVered ^; sacrifice, anti tifnt ttyipe every
day. Wiwas iiiade of n(>uiv.fciin)(lcd withml, anil
^ gently linJsed by thelii'e: th<^ <pianttty >V» one
'ienlh (leal'of lli>ur^; he bj;pught tlMt;half ifijt to
the Are in th<> murniiiK,' and tlie other fmlf dt
hight. The account, of these •suctitices ( shall
j;ive more Bcciirnttly lurcijfter; butvl think i
have preigised what fortlVc present inoy b<
6c\fal concerning them. .
nf- 1
wealth ; unit Imve had the privilege of enterin|^
into holV places and temples; iiot, thht nothing^
liinderiiU but if either Moses iritiis<'lf, or the
inullitiiile tliHt was' with him, had been liable to
such n misfortune, in the color of his skin, he
iniglft have inli<le loWs ^nhout thrni for their
creilil and ndvnnlage, »V0\ have laid no ninnner
<T|' dilliculty upon tlirni.^
■<* ,
dilliculty upon tlirni.^ Arconlin^lv it is a plain
case, tlini It is out of vi<diMit prejiid'ice only Hiat
they report these things nbnut us. But Mosei^l
«n« pure from aiiy such distvnipcr, ami lived
n'ith.countrrniin who were pure of it also, and
thence made the laws whicli concerned othcra
that had Xhe distemper. He did this for the
honor of Uod. liut as to these matters, let
every one consider theM. after what manner he
pleaai'ii. _ .
.5. As to the women. When tliiy hare borne a
child. Most* fiirbaile them to Coiiie into flii- tini-
pie, or to touch the sacrilices, before forty days
were over, supposing it to be n boy^ but if she
had hiirnc i> girl, the law is, that she cannM be
who had I ndmitti'il before tv^cc that number uf duvs bey
over. And when, (titer the befurf-nteni>oiied time ,
'"sacrifices.
' CHAl'. XI,
Itfihe Purifications.
} I. l^losKs tooli •out the tribe of Levi from
communicatin^wilh the rejit of the people, and
set them apart to be a holy tribes aivd piirified
them by water, taken from perpetual springs,
and with such sacrifices as were usually offered
to God on the like ocrasiom. lie dehiered to
them also tlie taliernailc, and the ijarred vessel,",
and the otiter curtains Which were luaifc for
covering the tabernacle, that tbev iiiig^ minis
tef uncHT the coiuluciFof the pr^eats
been already consecrat^-d to (!oi1.
2. 11% also deteriiiined concerning animals : appointed for Ihi'in, they perform thi'ii''
which of them might be used for foodi and which the priests distribute them, oefqre tJod.
Ihey were obliged to abstain from; which mat- ' " ""' "•-— ■' ■ '-■---■r
iterstwhen this work shall givcineoccaM^n, shall
•■f:
B. liflt if anyone suspect iliat his tvife lias been
guilty of adultrry, he. was to bring a tenth deal
/be further eiplaiucd; and the ciiu.->s shall be | of barler-llonr; they then fast one handful to
':«dded, by which lie \ya» moved to t^lot some of .j (ioil, anil gave thi rcst.of it to the priests for
them to be our'. food, and eiijoihril us trt ali^tain food. One of lli* priests set the woman at the
from others. ' However, he "entirely firba<.le iVs { gates Iliat are turned towards the temple, and took
'the use of blood for food, nnd esteeiiiid it to con- the vail frtini her head, nnd wrote the name of
tain the sou) and spirit. He- also foHiinle iis Id (ioil on narcliinen4; and enjoined he? to swear.
eat ttie flesh' of an animal tlint (lied of ilself. as tliat she liiid not itt all injured her husband; and
also the cafll, alld tlie fat of goats, .and slieep, i tmvi.sh, that>if she hjid violated her chastitv, her
'and bulls. - ' Iriglit Ihij^h mightUie put nut of joint; that hec
X He also oi^ered that those whose bodies J brllv might swell, and that she nijghtdie tbus:
, ' were afflicted with leprosy, and that had a go- but'thnt if her husband, by. the violence orltis
^ norrh'oea, should not come- into iIh; city:'! nn.v, I ailt«tion,nnd of the jealousy Whii^ arose from it,
'he removed the women, when tliey hail tlie'ir ! had been rajhty moved iQtlVis suspicion, that she
' notural -purgations, till, the Seventl'i day; Bl'ur '^night bear a male child on the. tenth month.—
', whichhe looked on them M pure, and pevinitted -I jS'ow when these oaths were over, the priest
.' them to coihe in again. /I'lie law iierniits those,! WipVd thenanieof(io<l put of the pnrchment.and
I also whohi^ve taken (are of fuliemls to coiiieln jwriing the" Water into n'vial. He also took some
3 iter the samv manner, wlien this niiinber of j diistimt i.f the tcinple, if any happened to be
ays is over; Ixit if any <:i«ntinued long, f; than .llifr^', iMid iiiita litthof if.in(n''.the vial, and gave
.-Jtiihat hnnitj^r of dav^ in a state ot» polhitioii, the j if .|\tr to ilrink; whereupon the woman, if she
law anpiiiinted the, olVering two liwubs n« a sacri- [ wie. unjustly accused, conceived witl^Vhild, arid
fice; tlie one 'ofwhiclillfty are to pur,'e liy fire, 1 brought" it to perfiction in her womb: hfj^t if she
and for the other the priests take it I'or "theiii-" had brokeii her faith of wedlpirk to herhust ' '
'skive.: rin the same- manner do these saCTilt>-<^"{ aVid ha(i>-sll|trn falsely )^efoi$ God, she diej]
. s
I
who have' had the gonorrhir i But K( that slicds
his seed in''his sleep, it Iu goes down into cold
.water, he has the S4m< privih,^* Wilh Ihosi ibat
have lanfull) acioinjanied witli t^eir Wivts.
• > ''
''* We may here nnie, Hiat Josepliiii frciiaonllv nils
the ramp tlie city, anil l>ie runrt ol the Mas iir tnl)enii
tic i teinvle, and Uc talieriiaik itself a holy Tioust,
repro^nful inanii<r her thiirh'ftll pIT
and h( r bell} sw< III d with h dropsv./ ^
are the ctrijniopiis ebout sa(rificr,s,
the purifications th< reto belonging,
f ^ i.
With allusion to the latter rity, temple,
wb<< h he knew to well long antrwird,
'"I^";
rm not to enm« '
vith Riiy c)(|icni< ■
'141)1111; but if an;
III, Ihcrecorriy
iiioil a hcallhfal
■rtui'iKd thank* V
ril'icfi; concern-
r. . ■ ■• . ■
ilc n( thoie who
c(c(l with Irpro-
niid thi^t he b«>
>on thataccniint
I into the land -
ir, Moin would
« ow|i <ti»honor"
f h)' would hare
rril to iiitro<luce
-iiuoK! there are
( lire in honori
I anil nvoitlance,
• of arniiei) 'ami
ill Ihi! roinnion-
Irge of entcrini^
no, thtit nothing^
hiliiM'ir, or the
1(1 been liable to
' of hi> skin, he
thrill for their
laid no ninnner ^
inf^lv ititiiptniii
'jiid'ire only ifiat
u(, But Moiei
niprr, and lived
r of it also, and
onrented others
lid this lor the ;
cue matters, let . -
ivhat manner h«
vy have borne a ' ■
lie into flu- tcin-
H'fore fwrty days
boy; but if she ,
nt she rannftt be
liber of duvs be",.
'-ni«ni>oned time , .'■
ilhi'ii' sacrifices,
e f lOd.
hisivifehaii been ' ■
ing II tenth deal .
one handful to " ' -^
' the priests for
e woman at the ■ ,
temple, and took . ,
■olc the name of
■d he? to swear. ; .
nr huoliand; and
he r chahtity, her
f joint; that hec
nij^rhtdie tbus:
c violence ofma
i<^ aro«p fromit, .
spirioii, that she
1 tenth month.— -.l' .
over, the priest r'.'
-. pnrchment.and;;
e also took some • •
happened to be
hevial.and Rave
e woman, if sh« ■■ ■
t with/hild, ai\d
tomb'h^t ifshe - ^ '
: to her husbiiiMlii .,
id, she (iittyJglE,1^.3'
provided (orhiiconntrjriMn.
the following laws to tbcoi.
BOOK III.-CHAr. XII.
He •Iso preicribed
17
n
i
CHAP. XU.
Stv^ral Lawi.
i I, Al fur adultery, Moses forbade it entirely,
m esteemifr it a happy thing that nitn <huiild
be wise in lue afl'airs of wedlock ; and that it was
prufitablip both tocitiei and families, that children
should be kuuwik to be geuuiiif. He alto abhor-
red iiicfi'i lying with their mothers, at one of the
l^rentest cniiiis; and tli^ like fur lyiiij; with the
iHtlier's wife, and with auutiL, ami sisters, and
suns' wives, as all inslanrcs of alioinlnalile wick-
edness. He alio forbade a man to lie ivilh lii<i wife
when she was deflleil by her outuial ]iui')t^tioi(:
and not tt> come near brute b(uit!<,iirir toiijiprove
of the lying with a mule, which wattu hunt after
unlawful pieasuri'S on accoutit of beinily. To
those who were guilty of such iusoli nt liL-havigi',
he ordained death for their punishment.
' 8. As'for the nricsia, he prescribed to them a
double degree ol purity;* lor he restrained then!
in the instances above, and monovir forbade
Iheiii to marry harlots. He also forbade thtiii to
marry a slave, or a captive, or such as ^nt their
living by cheating trades, and by keeping inns:
as aUp a woman parted from her husbunil/on niiy
occaaiipn whatsoever, Nay he did nut think it
proper for the high priest to marry even the wi-
dow of one that was deod, thoughV he allowed
that to the priests, but he permitted hini only to
luarryA virgin, and to rctaiik her. Whence it is
that the hign priest is not to conic near to one
that is dead, although the rest are not prohibilid
t'l'hm coiniflg mar to their brethren, or parents,
or childreu, when they are dead, but they are to
b^ unblemished in ull lesiiects. He ordered, that
the priest who had any blemish, should finvu his
portion indeed aiiiOng the priests, but he forbade
him to ascepd the uliir, or to enter into the holy
house. ^He also en,oiued them,. not only to ob-
serve purity in their sacred ministrations, but iii
their dally conversation, that it might be un-
blameable also. And on this account it is, tliat
those who wear the sacerdotal garments, are
without s|iot, and eminent fJr their piirityand so-
briety; nor ore tkcy permitted to drihk ijiiie »o
long as they wear those garnients.f Mor).'Over,
they offer sacrifices tliut are entire, and buue no
defect whatsoever.
3. And truly MoSea gave them nil these pre-
cepts, being ,8Urh as were observed during his
own lifetime. Hut though he lived now inihe
wilderness, yet did he iiiaKe provision how they
might observe the same laws when they siiould
havp taken the land of Canaan-: he gave then
rest to the land from ploughing and plantingevery
seventh y^ar, as he had prescribed ^o tlieni to
rest TroHi working every seventh d»y; and order-
ed, th«t tbeB, what grew of itsj>wn accord outof
the earth^hould Jn eomnion belong to nil that
pleased^ tiTlise it,' iiiaking no distinction in tlia't rfc-
ipect betwt^ien their own countrymen and foreign'-
ers: And lit' ordained, that they should do the
sdine after seven tiinm seven \ ears, which in all
»re fifty years: and that fiftieth year is called by
the Hebrewa'tlje Jubilee, wherein debtors «re
freed from their debts, and slaves aresetut liber-
ty; which shves became such, though thei were
'of the lanio stock,' by transgressing Some oTthone
law.8 whose pnni|^hinent was not SapitaK 1jut tlu^
were piiniitied bv>this iiiethod of slavery. 'I'his
rejr also restores the laiiil to its fiirmg- pi)sses>s-
♦ These w,ord» of Joseplius arc reiitirrkablc,lhnt the
lawftvgfofthe Je\vi< required of tlie priests a rioiilile lie- I ,... ...« ...... .,
KreepfTmrity,lnroini«iTi8onofthairc.|uirr(lofthepeo-.iric'»vrcii~gar^^^^^^^ tei their alwt'iiieara
lilcof wt»lLlilicRiv<sse»ipralniat)inrtaiiiiiiieilnlielV. It i from UalillieMrlille tlicy ininistAed in Jhe lemnW.be-
waaforceriaintlier4Heal»oainon»llieilrJt.liristlan«, cau-.they tlien alwqy^. and llienonly.worttirdwn-
flf th«rlerRy,iii(ompariBon ol^lie lailv.-astlie Apof^ croiU'arhients.wliifli were iautupthcrcfniBOnaliBt
\oll(an;;onitltutioni and canons every wberfl inform us. 1 of niinistratiou to another. ^^
•• •' - IJ
on in the manner following: when the JubiUe to
coilie, whii'li name denotes liberty, he that sold
the land, and he that, bought it; meet together
and make on estimate, un«tie hand)«i^the fralta
Ethered, and on the i4hcr band, of the enpebMt
il out upon it. If the fruits gathered cunie to
morn than the eii|H'nses laid out, he that told it
takes the laud ii|jain; but if the expenses prove
iiioru than the' Iruits, the preseirt posicSiur !«•
ceives of the former owner the diQerence that .
was wanting, and Iciave* the land to him; and K ,
,the fruits received, and the ex||cnse» laid oiiti
prove equal to iine another, the (iretent imsscssor
rrjiili|uislies it to ihe furmerowncr. >loict would
,ha\ethe same Uw obtain as to those houses alio
^which were soid in villages; but he iuade a dlli'or.
ent law for such at Were sold in a city j t'oi' it lit,
that told it tendered the purrliasec his inouey
again 'wjthin a year, he was forced to restore it;
but in i:aie a whole year had intervened, the jiur-
chuse4 was to enjoy what he had bought. Thw
was tlfe constitutiiiir of the laws which Motet
learned of (iod, when the camp lay under iiiouat
Sinai, and this he, delivered in writing to th«
Ile'lirews-
' 4. Now when thisicttlemcntof hiwsseemed to
be well over, Moses thought fit at length to take
il review of the host, as thinking it proper. to
settle the ad'airs of war. So he rharge.d the
heads of the tribes, excepting the tribe of l.,evi,
to fake nil exact account of the number of those
that we're ahleto go to' war; for a* to the l,« vilea
they were holy, and (ree from all such burdena.''
Mow, when the people had been numbereil, there
were founitsii hundred thousand that were able
to j;o to war, from twenty to fifty years of age,
besides three tliouiand six hundred and fifty.
Instead of Levi, Mpsca took Mannsseh, thesnnitf
Joseph, among the heads of tribes; and Kphraim"
instead of Joseph. U was indeed ■ desire of *Ja«
cob himself to Joseph, that he woukt give hiin,^it
sons to be his own by adoption, as I £ave before
relateld^- <,
6. When they set up the- tabernacle, they re-
ceived it iiito the jnidst of their caiup, three of
the tribes pitching their tents on ench side of iu
and roads were cut through the inid^t of these
tents. Jt was like a well-appointed raarkiit; and
every thing was there ready for sale '% due ot-
tier; and alt sorts of artificers were in the ihopt ;
and it resembled nothing so 'much at a city that "
sometimes was iiioVeable, and sometimes fixed.
The priests liMd the first places aliout the taber*
nacle; tlieu the Levites, wiio, because tb^irwhol*
multitude .was rreckoned from thirty days old,
were twenty-three, thousand eight hiindred and
eighty males. And-duriiig the timefhtt the cloud :
stood over the tabernacle, they thought proper to
s^tay in the same place, as supposing that God
there inhabited anions theiu: but when that re-
liioved, tKey journeyed also.
' C. Moreover, Moses was the inventor. of the
form of their truniMt, which was made of silver.
Its description i4 this: in length it was little lesii
than a cubit. Il was compersed of u narrow tube, *
sdliiewhat thicljer than a flute, but with to much
breadth As Wus silAicient Tor admission of the
breath of a maq's mouth; it^ended in the fonq
of a bell, tike cnuimon truiiip(<ts. Jts sound war
called, In the Hel>rew Wn^fiiCf Aiosi^. ■ Two of •
these being liiade, onlf.of (hem wai soui^ded
when they reriuired the/inullltudc'to-conie to^-
thex to congregatipns. AVhrn th<i Ait<<bf (hem
gave a signal, the he(ids of the„tribe» were to
iis«cmble,andJo contiiH about the itflKirt to them , <
t We mutt here note,' with Rclahd,that the prerepai ' •
fiveii to ilie prieats not ip dfjnk wln« wliile they woi*
I
\
.-^ -'
>
i *
h •
1^
1$
ANTMl«ITIE8 or rm MW8,.
a/>
?r *
< proparl/ balo^glnf', Ital whe^ thi>y gave tlir ng-
Ml oy both nf iht-iM. Ihey rtltrit ih<> nialtilqirr
(ogalncr. Wbf nmer ll>r tabrrnilcle wux eriifOf-
«d, it 1TII done ID Ihh •oluii'iit oi;(lcr it thr drat
' lUnii of the truiopct, IhuM whuu; Untf wvra on
pl» eaiit tiiiartfr pn-jMrrtl io muovc; Mrtien th«
' ieconil ugiinl wut (cn'n, thoin lliat wi rr oil Iho
MMith <|i>ui(rr (lul tiir lihti; in the neat plnc«,thi>
tabmiacle wa* lakrn In diccpi, ailil #aa carried
ift. ttie mirftt uf iin trtbra tliat wviil before, and tii
. tlMf'fi>llow«d, all tht l.«Titen'at»i«ting about (he
tat)«rnarlr, when the third tigrilii wan givirn^
ibht port which had their tento tnwardi the well
put theniaelvea intoiiiotion; and ut the fiiitrth U);-
nat, (hole on the north, .did no likewiiP. They
aim aiade u^ at' tlirse Irunipi^ta in tbcif meted
, minutralipha, wbrn they, were brin^inr tbeir «ai
crilicca to the a|tnr, as 'well oh the SaUbHtha aa
on tht^ rut of the [feilivnl], day!". Ani>*b« it
waa that Mnaes offered that ancHrice .WRirh wiU:
calleil. the >'aaaoiM:r, in the wilderniaa, n the firit
ha had oO'ered after the d< |Hi'rfure out of Kgypt.
" i.'.:"';.. CHAP. .xnt-. '■ :'::■■:'.
Ho%B MottsrttMnftdffQm^Mowit 5irtat,'ant2 eon-
dutltd tkt FeopU /rom-tnt hor4trt i^i^iimiari,
} 1. A Li'm.t: while aflorward he n>j|« up, n^nd
^ went from ii^nimt' Sinai^ and havij»t|; puvind
' tbroueh'^everul maniiixii of which wi'tijfmll xiMiik
' anoii, Ik' came {<> n pliice called HazrVCtth, ivIkir
\he niuUituile began ugiiiii to be iiiiitiniiiH, nnfl
■ t6 Blame Moaea for th^ luisfortuiiea fhiey hnd suf-
fered in their travela; ami that wbenbubiid per-
inaded tlieiii to leave. a good land, they «t oitKe
tiad loat (hat land, and iiiali^il of thai happy iitute
be >had prouiiaed them, thty were atill wander-
iD|^ in their present nii»craDle c'ondilluo, bf'ing
already in w^nt^ of water; "and if the tiianna
Ib'ould happen' lb f Ail, they luuat then Hitlerly
periih. Ve '
> add iore
of them who eihorted them not to be uhniiHd(iil
• of Moaea, and of wbat rreai paina he h^d Deicivat
•bout 'their coniipon aaicty; and hot to dcapair
of asnafanMi friMii GoA. The inMllitiide there-
upon became -atill morfe unruly, and nior^ niuii-
! UoUi agiainat Moaea than before. Thereupon
' ^ Moaea, althougB he/ttrere ao basely _pbu>ed by,
' theni, enc^kira^d them in theif^de'cpairinff con-
ditiort,<an(t pr'oiuiaed that he would j^rocure them
a grtat quantity of flesh meat, and that not for a
few days only; but for many day!*. Thi; they
were npl willing^ ttt believe: "and tvhen Ane of
: them aaked, whence ;be could obtain such a vast
• plenty of what he pfc^miaed? he redlicd, neither
' God, nor I, althougjk web^iar such opprobrious
; Woidk from yiM, will HMve off oii^ labors fdr
ytiu, and th'ia shall soon appear also. As soon'
■a ever he had said this, the whole canip Was filled
h#ilh quails; and' they stood found a'Dout'lheini
. aiid gathered them iagreat^nunibers. However,-
■■ it. Waa not lone ere Uod punished the Hebrews
.^for tbelr'* insolehce, and Jihose ^eproach^ they
•'bad uaed t&'Aar.ds hini,jbr no snmll n^inibei of
t tbem died. And still to thiK clay the pluce retains
^„ tlie memory of tiri,s '(leslnicflon, pnd is named
mf Kibroth'fanttaavah, which is. the gravel of liut. ,
^ " -, ■ vv.' . . • 'i- ■
,.:, \ ■':■_..: ■ CHAP.-.xjy;
' H«n JifostM ttrit smne Pet'sont to tearch out the
.,{ « Land iif the Canaanites,aHd the largeneu of
'■ J iheirC'itieS: and j'nrthertthht when those who
were sent were relnrnedi after forty Vayi, and
' . , ^reportedthalthcylhouldnotl/eamatrhforthem,
I . jund exIoUed the atrengt^^ the (.'anaanitet, the
' ,\. m»ttUud»viere ^itliirbea, and^fitl inljfdespiiir,
"^ -'-aii^were retolnito xti^e Jjttoaea, itntTto return.
4^ btimc again ittto tAgyft, and ieipve the Egyptiani-
:,-'., \ 1. WHEN'^IoSea had leiLlhe Hebrews awBy^
fronVlhience tp a place called Paran, whitb wat
near to the honlera pf tbe Canaanltea, amiiA
(ilace dUhiull tu bi r^rlinufd iii, he ||;atbr^4 •
the mid/iludc io|j;eUi«r to a ronei'egalion; and
<lan<liii|j^ in thf midst of them, Jie a.<Kl, ■ Of lb<
two thiifj(a that (iix^ deteninned to biMow upon
US, lit)! rt), au(t the poaseaaion pt a b^PP^ iauD>
liy,''the one of tbrinye already ju-e pa^takar*
ot, «by the p-ift of Oo(f, ahd the oth^ jnu «M|ji
(iitickly obtain; for w« now: have oUr abmir neaf
(tie border* «( thi* vanaanilifa, and' qothiiif^ can
hinder the acquiaitioii of it, when W.ij now at laU
are J.dlen iipow itj I aay^ n^it only in> king nor
city, ^ot nerthcr'.«h«! wtiale ra^eof ni«uklnd, if
Ihty Were all.* gathered tog;etlier, Could d|> itt
Let ua, therefore,' prcptM' oi{nelv«,H fwr (ha
WorJt, fur the Cahttinitea ^ill nut retiftA'up their
land to qtwithout fif^btinpr, but it mutt br wreit-
rd Truni Iheni by great struggles ill war* Ivct ua
then send spies, who niaj' tqfce a view of VHf
foijdiH^sa of the bind, and what (treiij^Di i( i» of.
iut»bo*call' things, let u» be of one ibind, and .
let ua hoaor Ood, who, abijve all, \ip\a helper
ttod aWiiter," . , '
2. Wben MosM had aaid (hns; the<'multi(ttde
requited Ifini with marks of nfipect; aiidchos«
twelve npif«, of the iiiosl eiwineht liien, one out
of each tribe, who, passiii|r ifrer all the land of
('aiiuaii, froin the bonlera.of KgvuC, came to th«
eity lliuiinlh, and/to nipunt Mbaitort : and hannK
leiirit«;<l the nature of the Iffudt and ef its ililiftbit-
iints, they caiue home, having »i;ew forjy dayi
Hi the whole work; Tney alaij brought with theiO'
of the fruits Which the laqd biirei' they also,
abovved llieiii the, excellency (jf those "fruits, and'
gave an acrouiitjof the great quantity of ths
gOO<l thihgs that land alforded, which were mo<
tiyea (o tueiiuilwliidv tog^.tb war. Dot theii
th> y terrifiei| theih again with the jfreat dilHcul-
ty; there WHS- in ob|niniiig it; tlii^t the rivera
Were so large and deep ibat t'hey could not be
J_
.V.
the. cities wer^|tr(>tie witb wnlfe, and thitr firm
forttiiration!) roqi^ abolit.themj'. They told t'lent
also, tbat they found at jHebrpui the posterity of
the gitmts. Accordingly, th«rte sAiea, who had
seen thf^ land of 'Caiiaan, when they Berceive4r'
that nil these (bJttculUea were greater there fhaifc
they had met W^tb since they came out <)f Kgypt,]
they, were'affrigbted at- them' tbeAisehcs, and
endeavored to i^°right tbe n*ultitud'e<alao.
>,v3. So. they j^upposed, from what they had
beard, thftt it waa impossibieCto get itic poa*e«.i
sion of tlie country, A/id wh**!! thb congrcMtion
was dissolved; .'th'ey, (heir wives, nnd childre.n,
continued thefr lament^ttbn, M if God would fiot
indeed assist, them,, but only proqiised thtni-fair
They also agftin Dlanl.e(L^loses, and. made n cla-
nipr ngaimit him and his brother Aaron, the high
p,rii^.st. A<:cprdingly they passed that flight very
ill, and with contauielious language against
them'; but in tbe hiorning the}* aan to q congre-t
gatioHj intending to stone Mosea and Aaron, and
so to return irtio Egypt. , »
4. But of the spies, there were Joshua, the aon'
of Null, of the tribe of Ephraini; and Cab j, of
the tr'itre of Judah, that were afraid of%bc con-
SBquence, aiid'came into the midst <S( them, and
stilled the multitude, and desired them fo be of
good tournge', and'' neither to condemn Ood.aa
havine»tolH them lies, iieitherto hearken to those
Who had alTrigbfeiltheni by telling them what
was not true"* concerning the Canaanit^s, but to
those that encouraged them to;' hope ^or good
success; and that they should gain posse.'sion of
the biyjpincss proiniscd them, because neither
the height ohiiounlains, nor the depth of riverf.
Could binder men of true courSce from atttrtipt-'
,ing them, especially ivlnte.^odrwou|d take care
of^^heni. beforehand, and -be asi>ista)it< to them.'
Let ua tbei^ go, ««id they,' against our . eneiriiea,
and bare no suapicion of ill success, trusting to
;>■■ '■/ ■ /' ■■' ■: ,,. /!■■■:.■ •: ■ A i >
\
I
I
et while they generally apaktf many I passed over; 'and. that the hills wyre aa^bigb,
thihgl against the man, there waa> one, 'thai they <'6uUI not travel along for them; that
.'
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7 to
s:^
ill, be ^ttlirnd
otrifgttMn; knd
r^Mid, -Ortlia
•i> biRtow lipoD
r a )i»PI)y cauli-
j^^iu-e iiMf taken
r olhflr jou trtU
: oUr abixle near
imt' qothinif can
n Wit now at laU
nly no king nor'
II of niniiklritl, if
i>r, <:6iiltl iJi>. itk
.n<:lvt,H for (he
t reHiKt^iii^ thfeir
t inu«( bf^' irrcit-
I iit v/Wi li<st lia
1 « vi^w of ttliB
(ireiifiOi if it ofi
if on«: itaiiiil, and .
II, i»' our helper
i; tho'fnultiittde,
tprct; Hiid'choiw
'nt jiiei), oncoiit
ir nil tliulandof
•pf, cauit! to th«
ii)on: ami h«viii|[
nd of ilH ibhftbit-'
ipsm focjy daya
r<)u|;htwith(heni>
3i»r«i' thf^y. atsol,
those tVuita^ (Wd'
((unnt'ity or the.
whieh were mo^^
war. Uiit thai
ir jfi«at difficttl->
tlii^t the tint*
ey could not be '
!» nsre nrhleh,
f? for them;' th«t
I, dnd "thi'ir fii-iii
Thej' told t'lvm
thepostctit; of
miei, who had
tnisy Bcrceive4
eater there than
ue out W'Egrypt.l
thehi stives, and
iid'e<al<(>. ,
what thejr had
get itic poatea-i
:hfc congregation
<, nnd chil(l|e,n,
if God would not
pisnd thcm-fair
and. made n rla-
Aaro'n, the high
I that night very
nguage againat
nn to n Cong re-t
and Aaron> and
! Joshua, the son
t and Call Li, of
'aid o(%he con-
st tff them, and
m1 them fo be of
ondemn God, as
hearken to those
llliig them what
inaaniti^s, but to
,> hope /or good
lin possession of
because neither
depth of ri*err,^
;e from attertipt-'
1tvou|d take care
'istant'to them.
St our . eneiAiev,
cesa, truttint to
BOtlK HI.-*<?WAP. XV.
.0.:
Qi^xi (0 comlirct nl, Wid fol|(jt«jritij( those, ibut are
to j>« our leaders. 'J'bus (IJlil tth:s<> two ^■xtiort
.thfiki, wild emieiiiror to paetf) the .niKfc ttiei
w«rv ift. .Uui MoM'S and AaruD fill tin tW
.grwittd, and »>«!«*»i{l»t Goll, »o^for ll«i» owo de-
BMiuBCe, bolthiil he WOiW ptit a stop to What
the ptoplu were unwarilj dimwianditofcld bring
their idiiiils to Kjujet t. iiip«Tv>hith w4'i'i> 'aow
• disorilvtil by their pres«iit pasHjin. 'I'he cjhiiid
: nJSQ did iiok appear,; ind ntvod vver IKe^ tabiprhil-
: el«j«nd decfareaiodjhjnriih? p^^icorjOii(ittf
-- De"*nape. « ■■ ,.v ■"-'.';":^/ , ■ I. '^ ^,\'
;■ .■;;;:,_,■' CHAP, xv.^-:V' 'r:C'.':
■' jtin M<i»^i0ttiji$plviiid at fto; un4j^fMi
. Ihtti qogtim mgry, aji.f rto« <#<y »Atfi, W;<^»«-'
.hn«ef»rte»W«M^s»/ur Forty Vcun^aml
not [i/urfkij- ftof /An* 1 eiMer ftturniutu t^Kwi,
tr iats i'osWniott (/ L'4i)a4n. !
f I; Miists cfflwib BOW haU\y toXJuJ ntuftltuit,
. iJid inforHied th<'mtb»tUpd was' ijfoudiiiliK it-
abuse ot him, and wouW itiflif t itjif)i»liniS,'ftt«p.m
thtm, ftomidetit sueh us they deiwed iiirtl.. th
•Ina, hwauchas (Weill,, inlliot y<i tti'ir. J-'i-ilj
nr^n, uiji^rdwp tt> their e.orrcrliuit'irir, lie a.:iij;
that^when he W!^ ill 'tlip,t»berii:i((J.i, a)Mrw.iii.W';
■wailiHK with ieaij ittBt (tuiftiwtiou w)ii,:h Iw-:;^
eoraiilltupoirtheiii, (Jod put him;).nijiii(t <{U.\t
W:">8S*^'"'5l done fiir tJieii), ;ind wh^u b> liiiuV
theyjmd j-eceiveil fnwj hiiii, »«;! jfi:n[^i(ow i«„'
Sratefiil: thiii3r*ad been to him;: tpl: |ii*f MJi^li
ley. hM. b»*irt iipJu. jtdj by; the tiHiofteisthpil'V,!'
' ike sniM. to think t.hid i^ieir-wuHls wf*"-*' i*i» r
V*"!*" ^i* »w* lJ»iWM'»<? ta t.h*oA-w
wconiil, tli*t%h: be wuiild not iiidt elj ' ijeitivv
them im,> nor *»<|erly ««l.!^mlnl„(e tti.ir iKiiiiin,
which he K»a hoiiOred ii^tr than ai.y iijhtr
p»rtof.,»iianki«d;,jfelte would iiiit i.t ti„,it thnu
V to tuke; p<i*H!|^t|inr#.the land of ll;vn4i|ii, nor
enjciv Ita h4«i«b^*|»i,?|i*tl would iiiak^. ili,;in -wan-
' «"■ .»">«« WiW*)Wie»»,i»nil lis,*; witlmut uiwi 'iiiii 4
: habitation,, and'iiiWMyl a tilkifor IVrty -veiri;* tu^"
: JMhcr,, as j» p(tni«hMieittL fur jhU; tlik >ir ^latm, is-
•ion' but tti-iil hi h»tl| ju-oiiiiiie.i i,', jjiv*ii|i^if%j,d
to our fhiWrm, and tfiat h.; WOulif; iiiaki ihmi
the poteesnor* ol |Ii»h good ttuijf;*,' jvhiirli, bv
'your ungyvtjii.d |i.i»si,,)is yi.tt;hiniie dtpnvei
^Odrtwjtes of , . <. ii 4 • '
. a WhciJ Mosei^ had discoursed 4hM'ftiiiem.
•rcoraWg^tBlhe diredttoii of.Ood, the hiultituJe
8h«.Y»U. and were m s*Utctif>», and (intrtdttd
losirflo Jjforjufe their reconcdialion lu tioj,
•"'•^it'''""* "**'" "" '»>««■ to wander in the
— *'Hhes4„J>ut to '— -■-'■-
^^ .-pjii^-i tjiat
mOiltmh wr till „„ ,.„. ,„„,j.^, ,„ „„,
.dell^riisinatluu Iroin niiy human ^evitv, or nntrer
JWJ.fWat he had juilicmlly coiiiuiaiukd tin in tJ
flta* punishmi nt Noir i>e are not to disbelieve
"iiTDS^" !^ ""'" ■" '>nger to wandrnn the
irrtdtfrhes4„J>ut to bestow cities Ujion them, Hut
iioU woulu not iidmif of ai,v
tliatCiod was not morn! tu thi>
sottlciuiiit wioa Ood, >i
iiiiiiiis nl Moses, and uf 1
iiiattirs, let evii-y one ta
* 1 Ins ercat fhuiine. in tl
aL I. f« . -•'" '>^ o'riiui lu iiisnciieve
tha» Moses, who was Irtit a single person, pacified
M maity ten thousani s when Uiey were in anger
ui'ldiif- ■'■ *■ •
.God 4>as Ailttl'hini, and prepared the war to hie
|)er(iim«ion»i,r'tlm inullimdc ; andm tliey had ofc
,ieiiiit-( B dii)«Mi« 111. tiKt wefe nows) iisible that
ilM^hclnwheilieiice «u« diaadtaiiti.ceous to IheiB
ilnttthiat tjhe^ had still thereby fallen iiitucalaoii-
tifs.;^'' i~ ■ .■ ' ■ . .
»:3.VJ)ut Ihisnianwas adniirabU for his virtue.
Kfld piiwerful in inHkiii(r men giye credit to what
!**''' "j'<r«'l, not only duriii). (Iiv tiipe of riJulna-
tuTwl.li](!,'llvt even thi re, is still no one of the Ita-
Meyiil, w'Jio'does not act eiin now as if Mo«e«
w,(ittii |»reSent, uiiU . ready to punish him, If he
sliViiftldVlo any ihiiiK tl;nt,)s iiidici »|; nay, there .
i»ji».OM«;bMt is obe.li.nl to vthal laws lie ordnin'
^'HtdHtt^oujjh tlM|i might be ronceahd in their
InVtsKftisjiions.' ' Ti.ere ure hisu many other de-
luuiiHlruliuns that i(is pu««^r was niore than hu-
|ii«rt, (<>:< Rtill suiiii; ■tliere hati' b4'en, who have
cOiyi(; fiViA the, purls beyond tluplirales, a jour- '
:iic^ of fiiur iiiontiu, through niaiiy daNgtrs, and
(;»'at e^penseiT, in ^nur nf our teniple: and
yi't, wdieli theyhiiil oll'ered tiair oblations, could'
.not pitl'trtke of their own sacriliCes, because Mo-
st ■•liaili'o'liiicldjrir it, by Bonn what in the luw that
■liilj not (leuiiit thiiu, Or somewhat that had he- ,•
falU 11 jheiit, wliii'li our uiicient ruKtOiiis made
iliiC|inHiateiit therewith ; some of these did not
I *i^'ri«ire,at all, ami others lift their sacrifices in
|rtli!Wiipi'ru;crpohilition; nay, uiany were notable
,iuyv,«t iii'kt Si* iiiiicli as to enter into the temple/.
,l!l«t«>ent their ways in this state, as iireferriug at '^
.Widiitissiun to Ihelaws of Moses, before the^l- : .
'f)|fh% of their own inulinvlioiis, even wlien ther
liiid no fear upon them that any body could cua>
vict Ihi 111, liiit only out of n .reverence to their
own conscience, 'J'liiis this legislation, which ap-'.
(iibnTd to b«; divine, mode tins man tobe esteem-
ed <«w4iie s;i{Hrior to his~bwn biiiuan nature.
i\ay,"ftirtlier, 8 little before the b«ginniug ofthia
war, when CUudlus wasempenir of the Kouiaos, •
'iiiid Uiiiuel was our high prie«t, and Jviien «o .
^riat a faiiiiiic was come
US,* Qhat :t>oe
r,: - -.- - ■■ — —...». upon ,
tenth ideal of nheat] was sold for fo«rdiiichii«e;
iind wlieii no less than seventy coii dl' Hour were ^
brouglit into the temple at the feast^j^ideaVen-F
ed britjii, (thesi; cori are thirty-oni^SKilian, bulf
forty-one Atlieiiiuii mi'dinmi',) not, one of thfe
priests was so hardy aii' to eat-ouc rruiib of ^
uveii while io great a distress was 6Klhe \aai,
jiiid this out of « dread of the liftv,^id of that
wrath Which linflPt-etains against tfSlKMpf wicked-
lies», even ivhtn no one can acctSs^he 'actors.
Wiiencc^w'e arc not to wonder at wimt was then
done, wAilc to this v<ry day the wriUugs left br
Mus.:» liMre _»a grtaCa'forbL', thnt even tliose lliat
hate lis, A4(-onliss, that he nlii^, itdihshid thit
'*••- bj the
BOOK IV.
«>s , .,
.. t as to theses
he thinks-^t,
, rauilius, IS stain
sect, 0; and Act*
CONTAINWO TUB INTERVAL OF'THIKTVEmHT YEABS.-FHOM THE JlEJECTlO.-f OP TIIAt
• . • 1 , " * G«!NERATIO.V TO THE DEATH OF HOSES.
.'. CHAP 'I. A
TheFHg-ht.^fMHtbrewi with tht Cmaanitti
vntho-Ulthc CoHsenlof Mom, andtkHTiuf'ai.
aXL.^^ H»wl'fe«f the Hebrews in the wil-
'fhJ« ,^f'.if" •''»"«,'H»"le'iw.d troublesome to-
ip'et, but sup^smg they should De able t[o beat
^heir enemies, eien without hfs hpprobation, their
accused hini, «ud suspei ten thitl he niade'it his
bu.sinegs to kcc]) them in a distressed condition,
that tiiey might always stdiid'in need of his ai-
sislam^, , Act onlingly, they resolved to fight
witti'thd Canaanitts, and sai(|, that tiiid gave
thebi hisa!|>istanre,diot out of recard to Moaea's
iiitet^t^iviii, butbciause betookrareor their
entile iittH^i, on ariount of tlieir ''l^feTathen,
whos«f afl<iin< be toyk under his own conduct: •■
alsot that it was on avtouli^,ortb^>r oWn virtue
4 \
■ U,_ ; "
' '"< "■
1 i
;■ ; . ■
M ."
./'.V" '. 1
■' ■^.''''s- '■'' '
i "
• «» '
■ " ' i:,*'
,*/
..V
r
."' "^
80
"' >;-rt.
■ANTIQtitTies OF THB JEWS
Vi.
'^1
^xA,
\ ?
iliih IK* hwi btiffiflj procured Ui«m thair libsriy,
. anH would Ka Mnnting to (hem, now (hrjr wera
^''j)k" willing 10 Ukr pniiin Tor it. Tlic^ h\*o •aid, that
(hey iMMkOf thehiM'lvri of abililifn aufTirirnt for
(ha conquest o( iheir cni-inica,' nllliouKh Moact
'' ihuuld Imvi; a uiiud Uf alienulc (iud from thaui :
>(ha( liowevrr it wat for Ihnir advantage to lir
(heir of;Biji\,aatcn, and n^t to far (n rejoice in
their d^ljtvrpince fruiu the indignitiea thejr endu-
iwd undvr the Kiyptiani, a* to bear the tyranny
* ' ■■ Kf Moaca Over inain, f nd to luAer theniwlvri tu
b»tltli|ded« and to lire according to hit picaiure,
M (ftooch (lod did 6nly foretell whatconcerni %*
oirt of nil kindhesi to him, at if tliey wMe not
'ail (he |)o«terity of Abraham," tbiit tiidd made
jHU.i iuui alone the author of aH the knnjvlrdge wc
Vffve, and jui niuit ktijl learn' it from him: that
it would bra'piece of prudence to »p|)oie hit
arrogant prrtenci%, and to pilt tlirir confidence
in (iud, and to rrtoira to take poiieisfon of tliat
':. land which he haij pronritcd t^em. and, not lb
Si*e ear to hifl, who, on thit account, and under
le pretence of divine authority, forbade them
S'lotodu. Considcrin); tlfiTffore the diMretaed
' k(ate (b«jr were ill at prt'te^it, ,i|nd that in these
' ' dciert,pTaO«i the.f Were ttill to expect lhinf(a
;: f w^uld be worie wiyi/tt)em, they retolvcd to fight
" Witi^ (he Canaaniteai 'i* aubniitlVng only toOod,
their tuprcnie commander, knd not waiting fur
^.1^. ' uiir uiittanre front (heir legialator.
'. >.■);' i »• When therefore they had CAnietottl^ii reto-
1d((on, at bring beit for t|irm, they went among
their enemiea; but thoac cneinirt were not dit-
S; . mayed either at the attack Ptaetf, or at the great
' multitude that made it, and -raceivcd them with
great courage. Many of the Hebrew! were alain;
and the reaiainder of the army, upon the diaor-
" ', . derW their Iroopa, were,purtued, and fled, after
• thamefui manner to their cfanip. Whereupon
(hit unexpected niiafortune made thcni quite
' ;;.. detpond; and they hpped fur nothiuf; that ivas
good, as gathering from it, that thit alHiction
came from the wrath of Cipd, becauae they raahly
went bu( to war without liii approbation.
3. But when Motet taw JioW deeply they were
•ttected with thit defeat, and bciiif^ at'rnid Icat
the enemiet tbould grow'inioUnt upon this vic-
tory, and thould be deairous of gaining itill
creater glory, and ahould attack'them, retdlved
tnat it wat proper to withdraw the army iiito the
J, wilderneaa, to a farther distance from the Ca-
< naanitet; to the multitude gave themtrlvet up
/ ^'tnin to hit conduct; for they were sensible, that
/ without hit care for them, their airafn could not
I '/, be in a good condition; and he caused the host
/ to remove, and he, went farther into the wilder-
neaa, at intending there to let them rest, and not
to permit them to fight the Canaanitet before
Gqid thodid afford them a ntorc favorable pppor-
■ tunity.-
; ■;■■ . CH/tPTlI. "■;■':
*; 2'hi Sedition of Corah, and of tht MuUilude,
against Motes, and against his Brother, con-
cerning the Priesthood.
{ 1. That which is uaually the case of. great
21^ armies, and especially upon ill success, to beliard
to be pleased, and governed with difficulty, did
now befall the Jews; for they being in nuiu'
ber six hundred thouiand, and by reason of their
great multitude not readily subject to their go-
vernors even in prosperity, they , at this time
' " were more tlian usually ansi^, both against one
' f^ another, and against their leailer, becaute of the
dittrest they ,wer« in, and the calamities they
, then endured. Such a sedition overtook them,
M vre have not the like example either among
(He- Greeks or the barbarians, by which they
were in danger of being all destroyed; but we^
\ notwithstanding saved By Moses, who would not
lemember that he had been almost ttoned to
death by thetu. Nor did tiod neglect tu prevent
their rnin, but bp(wi(ht(aniliftg (h« indignitle* '
they had offered (heir legialatpr, and the lawa,
and their disobedienQe to the cpiuiiiandmenla
w.hirh he had sent thrni by Mnsea, he delivered
them from those terrible calaniitiis, which, with-
out hit providential cfre, had been brought upon
Ihrin by thissediliim. So I will lint eitdain the
cause whence this sedition arose, aud Inen give
an account of the sedition Itself; as also of svhat
settlements MSiei made for (heir governlneo(,
after it wat over.
2. Corah, a Hebrew of principal accpunt, both
by his family and by his wealth, one that wat alao
able to speak well, and pne that could eaiily per-
suade the pcpfde by hit tpeechet, t»w (ha( Mo-
tes wa> in an exceeding great dignity, and was
uncnsy at it, and envied him on that account,
(he was of the same tribe with Mpses, and pf kin
to him,) Was particularly grieved, because he
thpught he better deservedthat honorable pott
on account of his great riches, and not inferior
to him in his birUi. ^ he raised a clamor
against him among the'Lerlles, who were of the
name tribe, and especially among hit kindred,
taying, " That it was a very aad thing that they
thould overlook Mules, while he hunted after
and paved the uyiy to glory for himJelf, and by
ill arts should obtain it, under the pretence of ]
tiod's command; while, cuiitriiry to the laws, he
had given the prieatliopd to Aaron, not by the
common suffrage of the multitude, but. by hii
bwh vote, at bcttowing dignitiet in a tyranuical
way on whom he pleated. He added, (hat thili
concealed way pf inrposing on them was harder
to be borne, than if it had oeen done by ah open
fprce upon them, because he now did not only
take away their power without their content, but
even whHe they were unnppriiet^ of hit contri-
vances against them; for whotPOVer it cOntcioui
to hiiiiaelr that he deserves any dignity, aims to
get it by pcr.iuaaion, and not. by an arrogniit m»
thod oi violence; but thote'that believe ft iiiipo*-
they make •
force, but
rful; that-
it was proper for the niultitudv to punish Suclk
men, even while they think themselvet conceal-
ed in their designs, and not tulTer them to gain
ttrcngth, till' they have thciii for their open eoe-
rtiies. ('or what account, added he, is Motet
able to give why he has'beatowed the prieathood
on A^ron and hit iontt for if God had deternim-
ed to bestow ihat-honor on one of the tribie of
Levi; I am more iforthy of it than he iii 1 niyielf
being equal to Moses by myfamilr, and Mperior
to him both in riches and iu age; b()t if C3od had
determined to bestow it on the eldest tribe, that
of Reobel might have it moat justly; an(^ then
Qathan and Abirani, and.[On, the son of] Heleth,
would haire it,' for these are the oldest men of (hat
tribe, and potent on account of their great wealth
also." -J I,
3. Now CoTa{i,i9henheh«ds'aidthis,had amind
to appear (o take careof the public welfare, -bat
in reality he Was endeavorinig to procure to have
thai dignity transferred by the multitude to him"
self. Thus did he, out of a riialjgnant'.deaign,
but with plausible words, disco^irse to those of
hit own tribe; and when tlics'e words did gra-
dually' tpreud to more pf the people, and wnen
the Hearers, still added (p ^hSit tended tp the
scandals that were casi upori.Aaron, the whole
army was fiill of tb^mrv NoV of thps^ lliat con-
spired with Cortih, there, weiK two huii(dred and
fifty, 'aiid those of the priiici|ial men al'ap, whp
were vager to have the priesthood taken aw^/
frpm Mpses't brpther; and tP'bring hiqi into die-
grace: nay, the niidtitude themselveiwere pro-
voked <to be feditioUs, and attemfrted to (ton^
Motet; and gathered' themsclyes together ikAer
an indecent niaiflier, «^itii confusion and diiordM. '
And now they all «refe, in a tutntlltaooi a^iMKt .
\ 7
tlble to obtain thpse honors ^*Atly, thei
•how of good nets, and do nut inlroduce l
by cunning tricks grow wickedly power
fJ
"f
a
'•I
hi
v«
••*i
i»
U
c
V!
v^
X th« iiiHignitiM
r, *nd the lnwt,
i coiuiiiandmrnU
im, he )lcliverr<i
tira, whirh, with-
prn brought upon
I lint eitilibi lb*
«, aud thrn civr
'; •• alio of iTOat
bcirgoTernOieol,
pal arcount, both
onn that irai alio
cuuKI eaiily pcr-
», IHW that Mo
[tigiiiljr, anil WH
on that account,
MoMi, and ol kin
ved, brcauu h«
it honurablr poit
and not inft nor
raited a clamor
who wrrn of th«
nng hit kindred,
J thing that lh«r
he hunted aftar
' himjelf, and bj
the pretence of
ry to the lawi, he
iron, not by the
itude, but. by hif
«f* in n tyrannical
added, thM th'Hi
Ihein wai harder
done by ah oneo
low did not tfnijr
their conient, but
e^ of hia contri- ^
over ia conaciout i
dignity, aima to
' an arrogant nia^
ht'Iievelt iuipot-
Uly, they make a
Voflucc force, but
ly powerful; that'
e to puniah auck
sniaelve* conceal-
ilTer them to gain
r their open eoe-
ed he, ia Moaet
id the prieathood
od had detenuiB-
e of the tribe of
unhe iailmyielf
lily, and iapenor
; btvt if Ood had
cideat tribe, that
justly ; an(^ the*
le aon of} Heleth,
ildeat men of that
heir great wealth
idihia,hadainiiid
iblic welfare, -bat
) procure to have
iiultitude to him-'
laljgnant'.deai^,
i^rse to thoae of
e tvorda did era-
rople, and wnen
It tended to the
laron, the whole
if tboad tliat con-
two fiuiidred and
1 men abo, whp
loud taken aw^y
ring hiq( into die-
meive^'were pro-
[eiiiflited to ttone
>8 Jldgether aftff ';
lion and di«ord^> ■
nttltiiout it^aaMf
BOO'k
1V.-CHAP. W
$\
. I ,'TvV
*.
«
'i
-1h
9
dcpriW Cud of the power -of giving it tii whnm
he phoaea Put uii end tbcrrfore to )oMr »i*di
tion and dlalurimm r on thia ai i, omit ( and tii-ili: ir
row miirniuK '•" rvi ry oiii of yuu that il<>-ir«. the
pricalhooil Vrliig Ir 1 1 imi t froin home, and I'omar
hither with iit<tii«i| ihid firei and dotliiiii.O Co-
rah, Uav4i th« ji(il|fnii lit loOuil, and await to aea
On whah aiilt; itf will awe \m (kti nninutioa
upon tint m-raaiont hut ilii i|»t thug^nnki tliy
avif great! i* limn (igij Do tjioii nliii < m|ii<i, that
thui rOnliM i|^iit ^tht1 honar«b|i> iiniilutnient
may teuive (>i|i>riiiiii.l|[lon Anil I aiijiriuae wa « '
may Hrfnill Aitniti, <*i,tl|iiut uAliirr, tn olit r liiin
icit (o. thIa li'rrutiny,' y nir ti<' it of tin aiiiHe
J^ifteflMllrtl 1 tti^titl, aixl him iHiiie nulliiiijt^n III* '
r'(iaih(jo<t that < hull)' lialili to nxrt jilion CuAie
^tlMcrriirt-tA^t titer, lintloQir youi iiiotnaeln
ptlblic before nir tbt ptOplH , ami wh< n yuu <rfr> r "
up he 't^fAxMt aocrtAf e4iod ahall nrVi yl kI^iU bf
Ot:dHlnvdi;to the p^il ilhoud, and alia.1T t«»^ < It iir of
lh< \tnti nt i-oliiiMiiy on Aaron, na i'f I lijid graiftr t
ed linn that fuior hecaua*> lie'wat piy biulhfiir/''' 1 ''
\
CHAP lU.
raiaing a rUtnor befere the t tbcrnni le nf CJud,
to proaecute llir tyrant, ultd to n In via til' mul-
titude from till ir alavtry undi r hiiii, hIio, umler
color of the divine'cniiiinaniln, laid Tiilint in-
junctiona upon them, for thai, had itbirnCiod
whorhoaeoni that wnalnpirf ilrin thi oOire of a
ririeat, he nould have raiKvd a worthy prrann tn
hat liignity, and would nbt tMve prudilred anrh
a one aa waa inferior to many other*, (iT have
l^ivrn him th it oiritv) iind in tbiit laM* 'had he
judged It fit to bialiMv it on Aaron, he would
have permitted it tn the multitude tn Ixintow it,,
an J iiot^havt' liift it to In liea(owed.by tiia owit
brollii r ^
4 Now, lilt hough IVfoaenhad ng^at while ago
fireatm tint rnluiiiiiy of 4'^urab, and had aien
that the piople (viri'/irtitiiled, yet wat hi notaf-,
'■ighti il it il I iHit lilting of Knoifi otir'age, lie^uae
heliiid f.iv(n till III ri|;htiulvili( iibuiit tiiiiraHiilira,
and kii living thut hia hriilher had bcin mad^
inrtakt r of tin , pritslhi id at ^hii roinniaad of
Uod niid n')V''>y> hi" own fOtvor to him, hi raiue
to th< u^KiijiUy , and, ua for the iiiultitnili , ha
»jid not II woimI to tni lu, but a|Hilii ,aa jtuud to Va-/
fjh i^ h< cottM I uiid l/eing vri) sk'ilfilKitl BiIilktKg'
ape^'filli i, ittxl li|}in{{- Ihia niitund tnliknt aMuujf
oth<<<'a,/tWi( hi ( iiiilil i^reaily move Ihn tniflhtdil^
witlbliia (l^adoiirai a. bf «did, " O Cocttinvtiolh thW,
and nil tinjae with lluii , (|ieinli|ig to th/'two huii-
d^<Hl Mai litly (liin,) aetm to lie warlhv of ;hia
ho^r, nor do I prttend but llijil thia Wbulf'
cofltp.my may be wolthy of tlic liki. digmly ^ h1'
though thi } may not be ai> i il h or ali gri at u» y«ii
nH' luirliiiM r tithiM 1)11 1 ^itin thisoihr^ to inr
brothi f, bi ( nuai he Hn Hid otlfH-a in rii heii^ loi
Ulou ixuidoat ua b ith in the^ri ttiieaa uf, (h^
wealth,* nor indt i-ti he* auac he woa ufaitt^Mi-
aent fiimily, (m dod, by gtMii^ if» tin a-ime £oni-
mon anvi litor, hoa iVindi uik f nniln ■ ui{Iih(I| nay,
nor wiia it out of brothi'rtt unction, ivhur^ aho-
ther iiii^ht y«t hii^j, jUHtlv done, fir rerf lioly,
unliyi i II id -beatowi il llii" Ininur i ut of^rrgniij
to do l(«iiul to liit^uiVH, 1 h 111 iin't |i 1 i«kI Uy my \' wimld li»»^iil'hi pUlM^d ii-Si«nr'*irt»iif-berii run-
atlf, mid piveii jtKjau tin r.^s luiin; in uii r "of Ivn tyl-oj «-yil pHl«tc»HfNuHti-'»vlaFi'4|»rt di Mrtd
km to III vmK than ti my liiutlnr, o'd hiiMiiga ihul t{[itj|- might li< 'fl« hv« n i1 from rtn piiioat
rloai I iiitiiiiH'^ villi iii\s,|f iln,i I Iuim with ilji&>rd,i ^ uml-'il'irtuilMiict'- fur tiiuy v^ete afiaj|ij,
him, for aunty. It u%ii! f not Ik o wi-c t'liii); for j I}mU if tint a«~!tt)>n Jv<iit on, I he Kijihl «t(lei >of
me, to expoHP itijaill t > lliedtmgi ri ol nlli iKlipg, thnii MttboMM n lujil ratio r ^» Jiriliroyrd , 'nif
and to biiton tin happt i iii]ilo,\ mi nt on tliM u -> i fh< uiioin tiuUjt ol the pi ojitl iUmatui^y/it'htitt
count ufion aliot'n r liiil I un'i .ilxivt '.in li liiHt^j i|t ej lUidra ^igntifH ihelr ii^*ihl6ti^|tta jtiy
practicea" nor noiilil dud h*w i>virl<i Vnd tln^ ' V-fi iiigjiij;^ thi-ir ii) iiMnw-jUpiM^Uie lidH^bvof
matter, and Mt.iii 'imiiiti' tnua iliapM,), i(<jri/\<ry Mt)ilt>ei, dt'lont^ /|tbi)' |{iji|i|i ''4H^y-
woiU|l bf halt i.nll<l<(l Vuu to In i(;i|ii( oil Aif tiiij i^tt)\ Mo'fi'i triil nif ^ti|;era lur yMiinStaiiN
wtiilf yoo win to dif, tiiordtr to p!i.i,«v,hi|ii, Uit 'iJ^ithaji, i»nci »>» i<r<;d tl'eiii to come to tin- ntaim-
ha* hath hnnstli t ho«»ii nm ilint ,^a tWi'i rtdriu Jrtj, , p id i*jjit |lMre for iho h<dy ylVts Ifiift were
th^t jiarTiil Vflit^ Jlo him, nvl Iln4.rby (*<^(1«>-'1mji lio iMifoT'iwil. ISiittiii% ,in>(4nrid IIii|i)ib-4
fixjm thai laio V'.l) thil it n n nut i/l Ifhiiig rb<<l ♦vojMJ-S th(it ihi^ iyi<iild not olxy In'* Didii'iioiu,
W&y^M'i not u\i'4liioj^ MtiaiaVbvlunnir, who
'ftiit* gfiiltfjM^^.ia glKiJit f4r tiu i» by « <il pnn ticea.
i^<ntii{tMn.iVlo«raTft!|fd «t thia Ihtjr Miisiv,i.r, he
//WfA«*f Wa/ iltrrti up fiat Siihtiou #rpjtf«*
• ilfQ^difftardml' lo fht 4t iti r/ C^J, bnii 6ow.
■^turun, Mviei s ItrelheY, ttolk ha lii^i l\it /'ol'
jfii-j/y, t etnmtii Ifit I'rwtUi/iiiHl i '_
^ t Vy ItlN Mnaia hnd aitid llii«.M!ln\i<i)|ltBil«-
tilioirthi liirbniinl Ixliattoi IIkv hiifl invWgfeij,
and the auapiijun thiy Imd ol \rit0«4, ()liri Ltttik-
iiM ndedr whiit hi had iinid,. fi^p lt(rjfi«r p4|ipM}<
AM ru go J I, ,init m wi re ekti « met) in^Jhf iwuplt.
At thut.iiun ilmri'itifi (hi>y dJa|fUat <«« ea^iimi,
biy l!ut nil tiu- liCM^a^ th^^y iJtAir Br thi ittn^'
grc gi»tioii. III order toW pr4'at>M »if tin i^rrifiLc.
iHid ut tltr <3i (-• (uiiiiutlon thpl iv.M to hi (tiadi be
twf'iii^tlli ^tirtrJidattji for tiu prid-tUood Mow
thia K^fif^iijfiitiAii (^roviil a (u4<liufuiit one, mid
th( nmriiUylr^<.r« ^H g^e'i^ a Wu n«r m ix|HCta>
tioiif>f iyhM"wn'4 lit, \tt iJi^w ; fo»avuir ol llieia
infit tnni (BIO >i!l tint It n i^ mil ^ Itttiig tt)<{t
I jprrlend to p|ivj{, but only rk orUiI^ tm lli« <!(';'
t^rliiniKtloi^ OiF tind , I thi t\ iiXk iir(i)i<1ae ^ afl^
to \>e I inliudiit fur by aulli aa'jiTnfiMi'to pi|t in
•refirridv and hii< dliim'
foctt^ onl/ (It siring, tl at hi why f/naieeif iilui uly d<.^jj)f<l S,\n^ V'xUiif the pwiih 4i* YuUow U^uf
'—'- ■ ' ■• • ' |i!j,iiJ)).>l It, Iniiv 1^(1. ami Tiw^iTtkti»l)M''fittiw)i iil,,lJiithiui, iiol Ihitdi,"
■f ) . "■,
an tit pioiiJ'
tie pKyT^rs yoUr p(,rf(< , 'att I \a\it lAing t^ithoiil ■
aediti'iii'. f<> linn hiiii(ir.»b)|);riii'^oi|rrjrokt< uUhoiti*!),
^lowi lUtoH ^lao to olfi r huiis^ U iH(r,i r iiitlKJafe, 1 1 ijf it.fl)l}.f;ig-ltttiH thiiij; ht iJl«fo go-io H i >,« tn.
lit Pi(i(>l> , >'U't''^> "lA^I' h > oppoaition, but
,. , . Udit uhm^ »ir*i hnii lint l> illiail •ind liia wnao-
in^trulh It wfifi ivith you rfjiprobattoii "that hf o1>- » lat, *, «'i»* l^»\ iiu i Mtuinl ihiit Moaua .ind the
turned It , for tfidUfJi d|;«jl n c n^ the donor, y« I do , prnu ipal .if li^c ncopir were « Oniiiid' to tln-ni, '
wc not oflpiid %vh(ii ivL thtiit ;>t to udipt il^ivjith Ki^iiM out willi tliir wnvaoiid ehtldivM, mid
JTiur guod will \( t yvviuM i^ havir li<ain an tn i i,\,nn\ bi i 'f' 'In >i t>iil», an I loi/krd lo atif ithnt
'ki»i> » ol^liiipicu not to,h.iv«, tirkni that hutfvr I M««»» ivonUI li Jlnj lilid aU.i^lh^ir «< rt luta
ao.e^iiijim^imiit w*MH he vijind it.mv, Hh4d iiurion' tin in tiUliUnd th>-ii|'Hl>eat M Ciiai Moa«;c
been 'exc^Mf^mi;; unreaaoiinr^p,, wln-n (iod'Hlid ahuuKI uac fur<:e K^^nin^Cl thVoi" *
'thought (il my out »h(|illd ha%e it for all liale to f, .' liut hi* lailir m iij »*wl I fted upiiia handito
toiin, and liad "made >l nf/mff and firm to h|Mi, , 1ie'\«if, ^lul i.nil out ititha I >u \ >(tlct.,,^Hi unler
to h«v< rHilMil It Hu>«t'MT, he lunwill" will l,to ht hiA(d )y '^h«. w'ldU -liiulotiUdi , dii.l aaid,
judge a^jtm lUio it«hilW 1m whom bewouWl hasrc "O l.ord iif tin ncatdrts thnt arc in^thflimven,*
tti ollfr aarHSrea to^jh^^. "Av'^ haye fhie (Ulfec- in the ^ iirlli, anii nt tfi^ si a, foi iHou art themoit
tiMi of in Ifirsof rp)sgion<*feCit la Shatinl that, authi i,ti Wil.ii'M to whit I h.i.t done, thut it
Corah, Who is ambitioua of th^j honot; ahoplU J ha^ alt lieeiUJ.mr t^ t/iy appointmint, and that
» nelnin.I herp tiiki-* noiicc ihtit altliomel) our Dthhe MID «:tic Jkwjjj^J Mknom«li<illiui, aa weO at Jaeeiihot
•aylutli^or aolliiiig9ftlH<el;rlctit.e eftAireli.yet.tbet laicliiUaiilii ' • r
4 '
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89
.-^i
Ir WM'ihoii timt »(Siwl*rt«» 't« liMi^tiinrV whc» »boat thfni. «nil coniiimr th»n-mU^0iwnim^^''v
Wt mUtuivlH uiii tliiiiK, •nd "liuwiUt iiii^n-y on li'* unit Ruuil*., -Tii^Will b# • lUiiiiinilnitlinii of .'.'.
tfit H«br«>*» ill.*!' iltirrti«l«ii*p*, lid llioij lome Ihjr po»v«r «4t'»H.iii.ni »flU thi^ iihiIioiI nt^ihtif -.^
Ihan'cht MMpri «hV' knoWtMllft; Vi IRtit Wiou thuhtnimniii piiilinit urtitimeiiU tif lh»« Itf
"■ ■ ' ■ (gr niy ihii i»i'*ni I iihiill iM-'ifounil II giiixl wrva-iKj in rN
'■ ' ni*c»ptii thou h(i»^ givdi liy iiir. Unt 1/ ihi" fB»
IfciMnlM (ti»jr hay'' riii«Mf ii;f»in»^ hie hti trae.
Ihancht fiMp; ^, ..
wilt not ilntli^iii lu fpvik W"'!'
»m(Iieallon, « illmiiWtnv JfMr'H t« I hi- iiiijjwirfMl piwceptii Ihou h*,? giv.li liy iiir. Hm 1/ lh<> f
i0dMt*(ii)n> i'lf tlil'Ki' lUfit.
" hum' bgr rcpurl, bat »»<'in|(; iMw. sncj
lii' wfili tfttSm when Iti** wef* <il«ft»' i
nmrt'^l <1»«« prfnerf* thme iu<n ftuw ev»ry »♦"
nrriiilfnt, kiiil briiij; nil that ilmtrmtimi «n n'lii
w.,.., ".... v»— — J ■■-.. T- . whVh I KttVe imjirc'i Dtnt upon Ihciii Awl wJprn
(ml )iM bwB jftM. of 'M*, »nii WfWich ihftwIwiM mflic"'!' puiiiahimiU on Ihn**" tH»t hnve
mill. »Ulit^Jih tH**y fcilbw ihrin well wnltavorwlto (!»iil Wiijindy with •hjftji««|»l^*
iiiriiimlv i.n'lmd-to |ii»iM-.l,»:f thoii rftV l«;i>tow n<»pn thuii r.MMord iinrlY<nP<v /»»• thw
' Wliiu f lived »priviii«qui<t lilr, I Itfl imiltilmit' tltaj'ftillew ih^ «oHi,t|i*ii'm"Tlt». "no
"ifOj thins*, whicjj by im- own ilili)f«riin') , prfwrn- tbriii frfi) fi^ui ■|inrm, liuil lil-ihrni n«<
5 th» CDUii"*-!, I mjoreillVith Hasutl iiiy'' IMnak* of thr piiAijtRiWiit of thow lh.it iib>^
in-Ww.i'Wl B'"" nu').;il'iip to thin |w»])U-,'|j»inil<!<l; for Umn knomsl fhjiilf. 1I i« not jiul,
11^ inHiiy nii'LTiB* on their mcoiinl./llitVl fur the wii'knliif** of tho!<t> in«n.. the wliole
bully of lh« liirBrlll».'S«!wiiilJ>,iifliT piiiiihiiitnj."
;l,' Wlii'n Mirtfii hill! aaiil *hiD, jyith fi »r» in^*
ty^-ii, -tlie'ltruiinil ivn» MifRVml On « fHilt'ifo,; "ml
IhV nKitiition'tliiit itt ii in iiiotiun i)|m> likr ihnt
»hirh tljc. vyiiil |>»<>(ljirmin IhawnttpVif th) iioH;
lirwrii
11 \*:
»)iro l)orc ifn\aX T»lio'i-i> iii first, in order lo rtli-
Idjojihorl^ lor thfiii, i(i»il iioiv, in'orlt-r lo Ihfir
ri^HHLon; unci hHV«'«lit»y* •howt'il iny«< II'
tJjHj^hoivl lh«'ni i'ii rvi/y di^trcKt of thiirn
Ko'w,'tl>«f«!fiii1'i »!*«•« J lun iiii9|»d tell by lh(i»R
v<ry»n>,t'n< whitiH' bfing . ins'^o'iyiniL;' to rtiy t.ibori,
rniiisAhu)!, fill it is j;l}M<OHnl>U! li^hopi; thou wilt:
th^2 lik/t who •howcil»f riii- tl)Ht lire at ninuiit
tlto ■ Mvenii Wondrr»:j|j-hlrh. that pliire anbrileil
nie7> thoO, »»ftoct)itinin»n0*il»t mc I4) Roto K(f>pt,
•nd (li'ctHre thy wili to thin people: tlioa, nho
dittiirbHilst thi' fa)«|ipy. riti^te of the K^yplbnx,
and f!;>>vc'itt ut the ojj|iortiiiii»y of tfyintt wwiiy "''"',''
our ilf,ver» under them, »nd ni»d«'"t th* do-.
n^iuKn of i'hanitili inferior to my doininiun : (luni,
«h» diilHt niiikii th*< nca dry liind lurvn, tvh<:iiH'e
knew «iot whilhcrto );o, nnd didntov<rwhrliu the
Th* P«o|*' wfre Kin nllVi|,'hl<il, fenff thi ground
thiitWii't-nbout 1(11 irtmuiiuiili jlSwo iit llio pVcal
ijiuife Withn tcrrllilii soniiil, nniL.iirripd »vli*l»p-
I'teriTUtdrHi to lltr t.«ditii>U!r inli il«lt, i^lxt iO
vntirtijr |M'ri»h«'d, <h»t there Vrnt not thi. l«A»t
aiip<-:inutru llint any inn 11 hud e»<Cl'i'n «f«n
tlure, (he etirth th'iii'hiid op«n<<'d il'dl iiliaitt
them, rliMiini^ ii);nin, nnd ,hi:coiuiiit{ 1 ntirc h% it
WRk bifore, innuuiiirh Ijmt nuilH-A* sity it after-
■ wfiK* |iliil Ifot psrriitetlintWy jilrfllamdi nt hnd
I5»ppi'ii« il to, it- 'I'l-iij (lid thejT- nini ) iThhIi, nnd
bc^'iiiut'n <ii'iii(>ii»tr;itiMn of iUp pii«< r vf tiod.
And truly, niiy nnv noiilil lanirnt thi in," n )t only
Egyptinna with thonii deitruciive iriiven wUiidi ["on iircminl n'f thii (;iiliiinity Ihiil 'nulk* (tiein,
had Jieen divided for un thon'; who ili.lst be- whiih jcKleM-rvrii otir coniiniiii rjlioii_, but iiUnr
\
■toW'Upnn u* the acrjirity of weapons when we
.'were naked: thuu, who diiljt iiiiiku tlie foiin-
tcini) that were corrujifed lo (low no ns to be (it
for ilrinkin^^ and didst furnish u»>with tyater
that cijlue out of the rnck«, when we were in
the ^reat^it wAii* >>f W: thb(ff,wlMj <lid»t pre-
, aerre our liyst Hf'tth {guniU,] whieh Wii" fAod
' from Ihe »ea, when the Wilts of the nfoiind f.iil-
•d us: thou, who didct. lend us-nurh fii'ud from
heaven, as had never bisettseeo before: Ihou.
who 4i(t<t sufc^e^t to us the knowledf^e of thy
laws, and appoint u^ a form of g<n 1 rnnn iit i oine
thou, I sa) , U Lord of the whiile world, nnd that
" M snrh a judge and n witness to ini as < uiwkjI he
Bribed, nnd sl.nw howl hate n<vrr adniitleil of
any gift n<;ain'<l ju^Iik front any of the IJtlirews,
«li'dhaven«v<r('oiulemn<<l ivjioor man that ou^tht
tohayehcFnu(i|Uilted,on aKui^nt of on< thatn is
rich; and havt never attempted t6hurtlhi's<()qi-
nonwetiUh I iijii novi hrrt presi,nt, nnd am •i|'^
peeled of t^ing, tlie reinoteat (loni ni} iqten>
tions, as if I had pnen the pririthood to ^uroii%
not at thy cpminand, but out ol my own faMii''t<i'
. htm do thou nt thi:) time (leninnstrale, that aU
' l^'inga art* adninj.i«lt r«l lij thj proMll(nce, anil'
that nothing hanpi iis by ch^m e, but.ii ),o\i rued
by thy willt find th< reby sttnii)* i<s 4nd as aUo
clemon^trate, that thou lakcrt care of thos4> thnt
hav« doo^ good lo the l\,<brews, dvni jn4trtit« this,
ilsay, by the puuishiiientof Abirain^niid Uiithan,
who coiidennithFC as anktseusiMe In in<r, niiJune
overcome by niy contrivance, 'rtiin »ilt thou do
by inKutjng sych an open pOnishinent on tbesi
qjuen. who so madly fly >n-the,fa_ct ot thy plory,
as -will take Iheni out of thV lyirtfl, not in nn
Ordinary uinnncr, but so thst it^uiiiv appear
they do not die after the ni^iiinor Qf other luen;
l«t that ground whicb* tiiey (rf luf U|ian, opoD
■ * It appaan here, and ftoin the PnmartUtn i<enia>
leueb,1inii,<ns!in)rt, ftoin the PnahniM, a* also rmm
thf t)wiila1init Constllntions, rVom Crnienrs fttst e|tis
tla to Iho Cortntblnns, fiom {{nanus's ijaslh! Id IIm
hecuiiiT Iheir kirMlri.-d'we'reptjii'iul «ith their
»iirt'eriii;?» ; (/irtliey fiupot llip.telntiiin. tiny tmre
l.i tlieiii, and nt the iii(;ht of this sad uri ideiit ap-
{)riiveil.i)l',^lie jiiiT);iiieiit*({iv(;u nguiiiU tIftiM and
Hiniise tliey.lnoked upmi the peii| If nlm,«l I)a-
Ihnii n« piist'iUnt iiiiot'tney t'hiiaitht llx} \i» rmhed
as .such, a'ud ifid ttul^grnvn for tin \<\
4: Anil now MiH'-iVnlleU fill- llmie that con-
tended abitiitllie prieatiiooil, thnt Jii.d iiii;;ht be
made yyho sliuidd bt< priest, luid that he whuse
siicrilice (iiiil w.iis nio«t plca«id nitli ntiftht be
iirduiiixl lo th It fiinnion. There ntt(iid>d two
hualreil and fift\ niui, nho indted were ho-
noil d bv ^ht peij|il< , imt only on lii rouiit of the
piiwf r of ih) II ai ( t .{tijrH, but nl^n oft ni i lUiit of
till K aawn. In i^lm h tliey.exrelfcd llu .othf/s:
A iruik. aIiO nnd C'orih rame fli*rlh, mid thiynnli
-olh rc'il ini ejt e, m tlio<itCl'en«ers of tht irs w hii Ij
tliA, hnmnlil i\*illi thf III, beftiVo Ih* tiibrtflarlc
n«;ri iipuji w {,rr it a lireshuni! out««.>na oiR
e;ir4^\v many thnt 14 mode by'the hand of mm,
miller in lltoV i ruplinns out u^the rnrlh, tUnC
ar.e .eaus^d b} stibleri'aiieous buii^iijj;*, not in
*(ff)i nils a* rue (^l Hheir owft afcord jn llie '
noods, nhen the nt;itiition iscaiisiil h\ the l»es
rubbing i^iii .ii^iNiiil niiither, bi^ this lire ».is
\irv titighl, niiiiMiuil a terrible llaini , sueh nn is
kiniHed irt tin ><iluiuaiid of tiodj by whoie (flrup-
turn ui» th«-m, iill (lie companj-, and Cdnih liiiu-
Hill, net't dellroyid,* and iTiVsoti ntiitis, Ihat
jheir Jirf bodies l< ft ni> remains behinit' thuli
Auinu nioiit \\aspn>.,({ved,nndtfiM alull bull by
(ht> firr, btCiiiMe'tl wni'linit t'lat «<'nt the d, < to
burn those oqjy nhooiigVil tp bi burned llire-
„upon i\|nvs, sifter li)(t"eineii''ive^d<>.lriy« (I, was
ile'sirouilh.if th/iiirmofy of ttiiHind^mi 11^ ">k'>L •
bedelivetcd down ti/|ilb9ici'ity,^iiud lliiit fiitur^
a^s niigkt be ac(iuait|t«d with it, aufl cahe ciUi
MagnealfjMk.i'id from KilHeliius, thai Corah was not
twailowed up *i)btho ReutiertitftHluil Kbrned wll'i tlie
Iievlfe* dt liw own tcilic. See osuy on the Old 'i'ta-
taiaent,p.64,es.
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iiii'(lini<l i)f,th«if
k1 iwfVirirt.' in.f,he
lliiit if them-
n«^ tiie he irUev
I (titm ttyttf «*;il
'■(riiii'lmn.<.>n nia
licin. A»t«* wJp'n
n (hiiM^ (liiil linve
"•".'"••»'••'''•
'liiul Irl -Jtii-til n»<
(how lh.it harje
lf( iri« liot jiwU
■ in«n^ tlic wlioU
fRr (Miiiiihiiicn*."
in ii>»iitl<'»o; nnd
un i|||fi' likr IhnI .
wn|p>r thr ««».,
fell" (hf Krotiiirt
,!6wn lit llio pV«»i.
Liarpipil H'li»t»a" ,!
Ill) il»«'l»'. «fM»,|0 -
v»n not the l«a»t ; ,.
rv.r I'lrn jreH .
i<<i^(l i(ii<-ll ulidUt
iiiiiig latirc b* it "
i)Fiii» si»w, it after- .
juii'tl HCi'Mf nt hntl '.
i- nir.ii I'lTnifli, ami
10 pOlYIT yf tiod. .
lit thill).," not b\^f
liiit !«f>lW tfiem»
«< ruliiHi, but "lnof
itiiisul'ivith;, their,
ti'liitiorvthi'y dure
» itail iifcidnit up-
iguitut tftiil; mid
piij|jl(! nlici,ul Pii^
ipht till}- i*i;rialii'J ,
lliiifl. ' • . •
jf lUmff ttint ron-
lint ,lrii<l iiiij^ht b«
III) thnt lie tvliuM.-
■d with nviftl't b* ,1
liirc i«tt< ii<i«it two "
imlci'S wer<! ho*
oirln'cnuiit o( the .
[hn ofi (!( tdUiit of
•<lfc4 ih* .ot1)fX»!
fti*r(h, iiikI thrysnU
•» of thwM w'hicl| .
f<i the tiibetflucle.
in* out«»«tia oire
fthe Jiniid of iiiaa,
otth« ehrth, tUftt
liuijitiijj;i<, nOr in
»A ncc()«I jii (lie '
aiKH,;!! bv th.e t»i'f» •
bi^ this irrc wu» -
i; llaiiiPi such an is ,
ifi j by whTttie (flrup-
i', nij}) ,C(5riih liini- *
i!i%Ot('ntii't'l^, (liftt
nina bfhin((' thcrti. *.'„'•
:ltflot olull burl by • -. .
'ml »ent the fo-c to . ' n'
biburiirtt-. Hire-. . ;
c^il<slr:iy«'(l, was
i» iiidi^'iiM 11^ uii''hL .
.v'luiii tl'i%t futurJi •
it; aunt (oliecaiDC
" ,■ '■ '.-i.-i ' '.■ f „. ■
Ihnt Corah WM iiot •
i;hul kbrtied wllli Oie ",,
my OB the Old Ttik' '' ■ .
■»?". hVi. 'v"
Mf-/:
ma)tw,r^kf.i\.
! ' «"',■■ ■.
U
0'
■nailed eiciuf, ilw ivMi of .Awnn, la p«tUfi«lr
, «aDser« rfeitr the brsMn "«iUir, that Ihry ' might
it > nicnioriet to (leaterilji of WMt tlieac mm
•iiflereil, for luivpoainit (hut l)i<' ptfwir of: (io<l
Ibiigjil he rliiiiet). Ai><l ihiia Anruii waa mi.w no
lander ra(e<inr<l to ha«e the pri<uth>iiHl by '(he
-f*v«ir nf fitosci, bu( by (he piilidi-' jusjeiiient. vf
tiu<l> utt'lhvthe Niirf nis'i-JiiJilreii ^wucVel^iv cii-
■Joj«d lii«l»o»0r •flerWiiMit, C • ,- ;.
hfiMl kM„mtmtd iitki Hihrlm, ,l,L*i»m TA^/ul*'"' •»" '^.'"f •" the I.evitM; eiii/peHiiit Hiem
jrm *^^'(7i//,;^;, £'' J5;rj.^^ t<...yoy Iheir aiibiirt,,. .. V-r o, Ibr limit of tvo
} I. Ilutv^vCH, thia arilition wuA.so fer from ""
cekaini'' U|hiii (bts >leslruriio4>, llial it %n:vi murh
•troit{i((r, and bcchnit'. mure iulolrrublc. Ami
tile 'V>cc)iaiiiu III' i(»-);rnwjrt<( 'worwivaa of thnt
. nature, a» ii^nilc il likrly the CHJiiiiiily woulil'iir-
verrfaae, butJiial liir a ioiiu iiiue: lyr Iho men
6elle»idg. alreaily (hat iiothinK ia dour without
» the provnlvncr of Uod, Wi>t»j<l IliHve il tiiM ihVae
tlitiiK* caiiit; (hn* (o pUaa not wUlioul (iud'a fu'
i^T to iMotca;. (Jity (.hi'wU'pot hiifl* lli* blaiue
, upqii hliiifthal (iod was ao uiiKry.lsnd thiil Ihia
Itappcned not ao liiuHi hri;aiia<- of (lie ij^U'ked^
rieaii of Ihb*!'. (hat tVere piiuiahtd, liaJii'rnMfe'ftlo-
set pror.ur.rd liipir jiuhi.ilMininti uiid* tliut lht)>e
- iiich had b<Mn<|«xlroyi'd withtiiilaiiy vinof ilttirA,
'dniy KpCKuiwMhey Mrrrr irul.iua abnui tli<k divine
' wbi7^ii|i;'aH aHo that hrwho hw'
of tliia fliiitinutiuii
•niiny nicii, ami
one, .ami hail (asfei) • Kre«| wtOle. *•
couipoaed. " ' .^ .
a. AmlVow Miiaes, brranie the l|ib« of li«*i\^
Wa* made free froiii WHrHiiitwarlilic ei|>rditions« '
and «*a» art apart for l|ie d.i»iiie worahip, leil
the? should waiil, bihI airk a'llier llie nr<-<<a<hrie« '
of life, and tc iigxlei I lh<i d mplf , roin«miule4
the llrbi-eira, arrordiiiK lo lliv «il) of Owl, (hat
whei».lii>y ahoulil rniii the piMin-kaion pf|h« laoit
of ^.anaaA.they aliould k>iiii;i| fortt.i^inhrptood
(he rily. Atulbrairtea thin.he appnitilrdthat t>^«
proiite shoiilvl iwrthe tithe lif lliriruiiiiual iriiila
of the earth* 1» lib to tho l.rvi|i-s,^aiid lo (h«
priesta. Ami lliia i> what that triU- ri'i'iivea of
the iiiultlliidai: but I think il itrRi-aa'ary to ael
down ivhat ia pi(iti b^ ill, -piiriitularly to Iha ■
priestip. . / '
4. AVionfiugly, he roniinnndrd the r,*^ilei"ti>'
yitiht'iip lo Ihf! pri''i|a'thirt< rii of lliiir fiirlj-.ei(fhl
rilies.'an^l to irt api^tt fiirllirHi llir Ivnih part of
the tithes whirti lK<'^ «yery year receike Juf the \
iH'OBl»!mul«f|, ll)at it waa lint ju<l |f> olji r t».-
iiml the (irKl-frujlK of the entire prirdiii'l nir tkiti
ground, and that Ihiy slioulil iilUr tlie.liral-boni
hI' Iboae fuiir-footi'd lieaaN lh|)t are uppoiniej for
ani^iflcra, if it be n iiialr. fo (he |^'ii«la, to b« .
■ 1 i.',l
iHo tliht he-who had b.-e«.|he jaujuj ,«l}.itt, that (her iihil lh"eir,» ntiri- frainli.a inny: eat
iitioii o( the pi/.ple.tv dealtoyiiwaa thejii ill the. fioly (ily; but that the OMni.rt mt
Hit thuse thi'. niuM exi't Ileu4' of thelu , th(>ae.' Hrat-iinrn tnhirh are' not anuitmi^d for
'A Au..'....r.... ...... ...... 1. 1.. .>....« i.'jjL 1.. !.«_.' .... ■ .. ' '. ' . U .. .
aarrifiWirih the law* of our cnu'filry, ahotiUt bring '
lA ahekel and n half In Ihrir ttea'd; but for (JM
firatrboni of a ninii,.(lve;ahi.|.*l<i : (hat Ihey ahould.
■«lijib liBAfe tl(<- liriK-ifruit!!' out oi' the ahearinf of
Iheshei'p: and iflat when nrty Inibid breait rpmi
and iiiade loaves of il, iheysltoufd giivo Somewhat
of what lliiy. had balled' lo (tieiiK 'Moreover
when llii^v have niudc'n aarrei'l von, I niean
thiMe that are rnlleil • Na/.urilea,' (hat" auffiiiP
their hair lo ffrow loni, and uhKd? wine, when
they conaecralc Iheir" hair.t Bijif oA'er jf for* '
•acrifiemhey ar« to nlloi|liut hliirto Iheprieali,
[to be .thrown into thelire.] .Such alao'aa dedi-
rate, th<ip»<;lv-w' to (iodj.a* a eurban, .whitlr<)«'- .
niifes what tlKr (fireeka raffc »-')«ift,' whtii 1i.i<}.v
are de'airoua of beioR free»t froiii lliat iiiiiirati- -
lion.aretolnvdownninney fi.rtliein:iii.ta; thirty
«hi*t!l«( iTit Jie#Ay(nn»n,i)nd fifty if it.br. ii man; '
but if any be IcKi'tioSr to pay t1»('llrnpoift(ed 4uirtt
it ahall be laivfui Tor the prieiilH io ilileriuine that
aiini aa they lliiiik lit. And if any {.lay benata 'at
'M •' ■■
btit, beajdea lii'i ew'iiprn^ iriiy pimifhiitetit liiAisi If,
had now Ki'ven ttin prienlJiuod lo hi* Tirol her ao
.- firAily, that nobody. r.oul«t^iin;^,loii(i;i'r (|'isp^(« U'
:. ;wJth hi«i; foriivQiie ifiifftobe aliri^coiilti liowinit,'.
!jlj for il, Miire he miiHth.ave ae^n lhu>«^t:|{ut liraf
did aptujiav). jiiiserably peiinhtid. Nuy, jjeaidra
thi*, the. kiiidred ijf llio^e ihiit were dejitniyed
' mnj<; great •ditrvnti«i. to (he i;iiullil"ud« to ab'itte
■*h« irroranee, of Monea; Uttamae it.woold be.sa-
.ftst fortlWm ao Jo do., _;•„ -
' V S. Now Mtflja, upoTH bis hearinic tfor a pood
' . wliili that llii\peu|;le wt^ra tU^tuultiloua, «v»» ajraid'
IhSt *hie-|i M'oiild attempt -nonie oth< r imtovation,
lUidtbnil »oi../.-gre(it'AUK! naK cakuiily mmkl be
,' life '«BH|(rq,tii'iii-ii{..lii«HMdbd the nidUitude to a
" ton(;re(!(iiiou, and p(Uii'i)lly Jiiuril wliftt upuluKy
ibtv ninde-ior Ihiiiis.'lvea, wiflHiui uppdiiln^ ihein,
and thia leal^e shijnid eiiibiltfCi'Ihe inutlitinle:
'Jio Only d<iiir,«l Ihe.hnail* ol' ittelribija l(>bri!ig
^beir mis,* wiiii .the lianica pf their tribes i'lJi
!*.' »6rihe<l^ipon Iheirt; and tt^at It© ahould receive
'. ,«ie prwalhoixt,' jit whose r*! Ood[ idiouhl giw a home for a "private fealiral, but not forli relii'ious
llgni.-'IhiinvM ligNi^^d I^.USo thireit brought , one, they are obliifed to brini ilir maw Anil the
. theiV ro^ii, an ditl •* - - t -1 ..1.-:.. . , n- . 5- . , , .
: ' •tbtc
laid
dny. .. ., . „
. .'/roiji one^f&icillirr liy (lio,«e who brobl^lil thcin,
titev hJiVms; <ti«liinlly tioled .(lieiu, a.a had' \he
Oiullitude almi'uSid.aa to .the real, in' the amiie
'^ form M(M<;« reciiveflHhriii, iii that th^vna\V them
' ■'. .••'''•'•>!?' tftcy. ulai«-jw litii'a «nd "branchea ^rown
• flut of Aarofi's rod, ivilh ripe fruija tipon them;
•V. '.•'''*Jf "'?''"' «U'W*»''; the rod haviflg>1^«Kii rut out'
;v4i£lh«t tree. The (Hoplfc were mi atrtazctl at
: , tlfrt »lraiige'»i(fhl,'iriul,thou'il»JVlo»c» ami Awon'
. jSirere before unVl^Tiiome degree of hatred; they
■ •■: al»v<r'|ai$l thai hBtre<l aside, uijd btif^an to adn^ire
the jiidglijeiU of <i*(t(t e<HnreniiilK 'tlieiii; . so.^ thai
ll*n;After till V applauded what (.odhailitecrnd, .....,.,„.„.,.„,
- , ■ *^ poViiiiU. d . .\aroir l|» 'k-.ii.ioy. the priea|ho,id I idm„ea. Jtr"thru"ieirt"amQ'sndora Vo "the' kine
• peateabh::; Am lliiis kmi .(wdained him Mie.fcf olf the Idiimeana, and ileMp. li him to Rivt- hiiri »
W'^ several ifoWaiid he. raamejl _tliat honor ' pnasa.?e tliroiigli hl.< r..iiiiliv. anil a^'r.>.d tp send
*"''?«»• '«"''!^.7A«t''f''''""v .A*'^ .^^^^^ this liijil. what hoslapes he ahilddDdeaiie
WsUiUqo of .ttie lljifl||»»», which had bwn a gr.iit f hiiii^ froni iiny injurv. JWleaired him
■: :. ::X
' :■: -VH
./> i'^:
t they ba>,l <<(il
in^s for ains wlikh the peopb. 'pave tliera, as I
•have set it down in the fi.r<:K"i"K iHiok. He uJso
ordereil, (hat out lal" every tiling allotted for the
piiesla, tlieir aervaiita, riheir wmi-., ] ihcir daiir^*
(era, an4>their wivea, slionlil '^laiiake, aa wetfaa
(hrinselve^, ejtrrptiiiK what ciuiu' lo Ihein out of
the stirrificfu that were oIltTid foraiiui (ot of,
lho«e MOiie hut tboiniha of liii'r t'u'iiiiliea of .lh«
prii«t< nii^'hl eAt.«)id,thi:< in llx' temple aia^, anil
that^e same day thev were oDi'ied.
5. ^hen Moaes had inade Ih^ne constitutions,
nfler the ndili.oii wtia ovf r, In- ri>nioved,>toKether
with the whole nriiiy,.nnd'CHnu. to the boruers of.
'»Coitfetmn«l|ieKehvelver6rta«f lhii*i¥etKe itliies-t! ♦nrmiiia
'•f Israel, »» «ll..(,'lciiieiitV a.rrount, niiioh 'Intcra^'tlian ! (ireeks aW)
-that iii-our Bihlea, V rir'r',irf--t . fi '■ nn ii). TtwiimilM'i'ato '
^'•lotaeeoHaUnwiiicineiiMirelllriiralsih *^Lf
to aecure '
hiiii: also, that
on Niim'i. vi. I«. jnkM notipe. that the
'it.\^^--
fSreeJiM alw>, aa well aallic Jews, aumetuneiioniMialCd
UielMi^cof thetrheaditailieiodB. ->'
f""'^^-^-^''#ir
~ — nn
.•.V\^' *1?>0
• ..■*x
;■:■ f
r- ■'
H
I
ANTIQUITIES OP THE JEWB.
B
vM
;-
fl« w<nil(l •)!<>•> hit ■rniv llb«-iir lo bujr provl-
tionai •iiilr >t h« iMiiti'u,u|Miii il, hr wuulil^niy
■liitvn u iirit «i r»r Ihn very w*t«r Ibcy ihunUI
ilriiib But lh« kiiiK w*i not ult'SMil with Ihii
«iulVti>tia)(e Arum Mu»ct: nor ilitf lit: nlkiw^a put-
(m iuo I Mu<n, ainfPb hiiiiirr thriii, in cum Ibry
i^ir)<ll(i • |i'^«<>vur til (on.u thiir pHMiK'- Upon
wtitiV MiHit (pniullcil (imi liy Ihn onu'ln, who
<^ijliilii lilt hu«^>hiiii lu'l^n Ihi! wiir liral; uiul no
l|c |Vithi)r«.w hi« Aircri, null (ntvvljtid ruuvdtiliutit
ftuo'ijfh ihr wlltlrriicu.
6 Tluii II nriM thill Miriuni.Oir •intirr of Mo-
Iri,. I'n.lut to h< r cikI, hii\iNj( romplctiMl lirr
AirtUtM vmr time >bc lift KKypI,* un the tir>t
lUy of (III Iriimr nionlh X*nthTi'uii.f Thry llii:ii
mitif a publtr Ainrml for brr.kl li ^ri at C'xpi'iiii>.
'!hi W"'* l>i|ri«j(l upon n tSertulii iii«iiiiliiin, whli'h
tli<'yi«<l 'l»in,' anil ivhru Ihry liatl iii<iurnt!il for
h«r tlitrly '1(1^1, Mo'sra ^luririi^il Ihi- pvople iifltr
tbi* (n«imi'i' iv brought a licifvr.tbHt had never
, bctii^cti in tbr plaii|;h, or |o huilmiidrv: llmt
wai < Atiiplrti' la iill Ttt iHlrtt^aml riilirdy u( ii
ft^l C{>ktT, at u lillln ilittancc frniii Ihe ounip,
inlO' n '{ihici iM rfi rtly ckiin. Thin hi ir<'r wut
i|l>(^l>^ tftr IiikIi pirii'iit, nnd hrr blood uprinkUil
wi^h )i<f tnfftr, mi I'll tiiiici lirloru (he liibcrnn-
ite i(t (»t((tf, nlur tliia, thr <'nlir« hiifrr wiubwnit
lit ItiACurrfti;, to|;r(hi*r with iia Ain nnd tDlraila,
uliit ^h^) (brew rrdai* wnotl, i^iid h^aiop, iiiid
KiVrli't Wogl, luin thp iiiidat of (hi! nns then u
1 1^ iiii til in {(Ulhercd all Iter aaltet logctbrr, iiiiil
laiM Ituiii in a plucn pcrfcclly clciin. .VV'Ikii
theriforj^ Mir persona witA defiled .by o dead
ixid}. ti^i'v put II little of tbcae aabea Into apring
wad r, HTith byaaop, and /lipping |mrt of Iheae
Mb«a iQ It, thiy aprinliled tnem with i(, both on
ili« ihlrii ilav. and onihe acventh, and after thiit
(&!<} n/i re ( l«aii 1'hia he enjoined them to do
Ml vrhcn (Uc tribca ihould eonic into their own
l»i)d y v.
7 JVow when ihia , purifiotiliiin, ivliich their
lti)<ler made upon the iiiourniii;; for hia aiater, ua
It hria bicii now deacribed, W"" over, hi; Cauacd
'(he uriny to r< move, and to march through the
wildernesa, and ibrougb Arabia. Am} wiien be
'Jiiue to n plare which (lie Arabi:iiiit lateeiii their
inettOiioli", which wua foriiii.rly called *'Aree,'
bu( biia now the name M Vl'eira,' at tbhi plar.e
whjrli wna <ncoiupaaaed with high niouutains,
Aaron ivfnt up one uf them, in the sight -of the
<iWhule arii>>, Aloaig^ havine before told bim that
he waa tu die, lor thia plucc waa over against
thcin. Ill put oil hia pontifical gurinrnta, and
delivered tbcm to (lleaznr his son, to^whiiin the
high pntstiiogd bilunp^ed, because he was the
elder lirothrr, nnd died wlnle ihLinullitude Ipok'
cd upon hfni. He dud in theaninc.ycnr wherein
hi Inat his ^istir, hiiMng lived in nil u hundred
and twenty andthrie yi.irs llediedon the first
■lay of that lumr month which is culled by the
Atneniuns * HcCatonib-con,' by th; Muceddnlaiis
' Lous,' liut by the HebiLws 'Abba.' -■
CHA9, V.
TIbio Mo»ti ronguered Sthan and Of, kingi of
the Jlmoriln, and deilroycd thnr whole Jirmi/,
and titen dimdcil (hut Land bi/.L-ot lo two
'i'ribfiandahalfof the Htbrewf.
i L TitE peopit inourltLd for Aflroff thirty
^ays, and when this iiiourniiijd; wiu over, Mosch
removed the uriuy from (hat place, and cnnie to
the riMr Anion, which, issuing ujit of the moun-
tains of Arahiii, and rtinniii); through all that
wilderness, ftll into the I ikv Asplialtitis, and be-
* Jnfephun lirrc iisps thia phrnsc, w hen the foi'tieth
yeai' wai< roinpletert.for when it was I renii; as ilo<>sll!i.
Luke, when the djiy uf I'eniecoft was coiuiiltiteil. Acta
il. 1.
t Whether Mirinm dinl, as JOscpkus's Clreek copjct
knply, 01^ the dtst ^ajr of the ^lonlI^lj|lay bcrdoiibicd;
ranin the limit, lift ween (b« Uml of (ha MoabilM
and (he land of Ihn Aniorlles. Thia laml is frull-
ful, and auiru'irnl (u iiiainlniiri* greul iiunilwr ilf
nith with the kowI iU'inf il pniduir*. Moara,
(herefure, ariit nieaaeiiKrr* to nihon, (lie kliif of
thia country, dealrin;^ that he would )(i'ant his
army a paaaage, uiioii what seciiritir he should
pleaar to reipjire; lie (ironiised thai he ahoiild h«
iiowuy injured, neither aa to tliat country which
Sihon Kovenird, nnr na li> its liihabiliiiitn; and
that be Would buy liia proviaiona iit aurit a nrics
lis khouhl be lo their ndvai^gr, even lbiHi|;n h« ,
uliouhl deaire 16 aellthem their very water, ^1iut '
Sihon refuaid hia olftr, and put Ilia ariiiv into «
buttle amv, aid was preparioi; every llitng in
order to himJer jheir puaaiilK over AriiUn.
2. When Mo^ea saw that the Amorile king;
wna diapbard tu enter upon hoi>tilitieawil,h Iheni,
be lhou)(ht he oukKi ikiI lo bear that iiiaiilt; and
ileterniiiriiiK' lo win the IIMiiewii from their Ir-
doleiit lein|ier, and prevent the disordera whlill
arose thence, which bad be<ii the occasion of
(l,elr farmer seilltion; (nor indeed were they qow
ihoroHKfily cysy in their Rrnidsi) be inquired of
(■oil wnelher he would ((ive biin leave, lo ri||;btt
which, when he had dune.,aiid (iod nU» prmuised
hlin the victory, he was bini«i If very coura«*
jfcoiis, and reuily In iiroreed (o fi^liliiiu:. Accord'
liijflif hii t iiCourJt;ea tlin luddli'l'is dii'I 'le ileiirtih
uriliem thiit they would lake the pleasure of
ti'^hlinii;, now (iod ((live tbeni bavij »i> to do.
'Iliey then, ujioii tlie n cejpl Of this coniiiiifiiun,
which lliey so iiiuih loiij^ed for, put uu ibeii-
whole arniiir, and. set. about the work, without
ilelapr. Rut tJie Amorile king was not now lik«
to himseUwhen Ihn Hebrews wera ready to •f'
lack him, but both he hiinsilf.was afl'fi^htid at
tiic Hebrews, iind his hriiiy, which belorc had
showed thiniselvca lo be of good cc)urii|;e, were ,
Ihenfiuiidto be timorous;' ao that t'ley Couid
not sustain the first on«,et, nor l«<;art)un against
the Helircws, but fled away, as thiiiKiilg- thia
would atli>rd Ihem a more likely way for their
escape^lhan fi|{hliiif(; for they utpcnded upon
their cities, which wertf.strung,,froni which yef
Ihev reii|icd ho advantiige whin they wen- furced
to Ay to Iheni; for as soon as tiie Hebrews .^aw
tbeni giving ground, they iminedinlely pursued
them close; and when they had broken their
ranks Ihev greatly terrified 'them, and some of
them broLu ot)' from the rest, and ran away to
the cities. Mow the Hebrew* pursued tli<!iii
briskly, and obstiniilrly jjerseverfd in thc,.^a-
bors- lluy bad already undergone; and being
very skilful in slinging, and very dexterous in
throwing of darts, or any thing else of ithat kind,
and also' having on nothing but light uriuor,
which mail)! them quick in the punuit, they
overtook their enemies; and for those ithat w^re
must I'eniot*, and could not be overtaken, Ihey
rinclied them by their slingt and their bows, to
(hut many were slain; and' tliose thikt. cscafieU.
the slaughter w^fe itorely wounded,* and tli^sn
were inure distressed with (hirs( (ban wi(h any
of. those (hat fought against them ; for it Was thi>
summer season, und wnen the greatest number
of llieni werf^ brought .down to the river, out of
a desire to drink: as hUo, when others lied away
by troops, tlii^ Hebrews cnnic round (heiii. and
shot at them; so that, what with dar(saiid what
with arrows.tiiey made a iilaiighter of them all.
Sihon also Ijieir king was slain^ .So the Hebrews
sjuoileil 1l|iv dead bodies, nnd tooJ< their prey.
Tlife land also which they tfipk was lull of ubw
.jiance pf fruits, and tlie army wei)t all. over It
without fear, and fed their cattle upon it, uiid
becfluw thdatiii copies say It vrgs on the tenth, and ao
say the Jewish ralcnda.'s also aa Dr. Bernard aaured^a.
It Is laid l^er sepulrlire lastltl axtani near PeUa,th«ohi
capital city or ArahirPcIrM, «t Iblr day; «• ItiM timt
of Aaron, nql far off. ,
.4
'0
n«
nil
wl
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II
lir
rr
•■V
J*
rii
tu
by
th
h
ra
b<i
an
iiil
ba
All
rai
<:it
ce(
CO
am
hu
hi.
u,
of
' qui
, ><ni
at
hii
Its
I'll I
III.
' th<
■■ t^ii
(ikr
ton
- wii
fain
■ wi
tlif"
Ilia
haf
trei
(ol
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ten
(o<
arn
l)ia
cas
I wai
mai
vcr
01 Ik
und
far
Ollll
r»cl
wcr
tioii
niig
t
idol
'phc
pro]
•we
•I.
Mil
• al
nf (h« MonbtlM
III* Urwl >' frult-
[rriil iiutiihirr ^
)ilui't-*. Muift,
ion, 0)« king of
voulil K''*"' h'*
iirlW lin Khnultl
ia( nr ihoiilil he
t I'liiiiitrv which
iihiil>ilniiti>; ttiitl
III lurlt a nrii'ii
rven Ihiiii);!) Ifii ,
try waliT. ^^i^\f
t liiii iiriiiv inlci «
: t'vrr) tlitng in
t Ariiuii.
• Ainuriln king
litiiawilh Ihfni,
tlmt iiiiiill; anil
t Ooiii thrir ir-
• nortlrrii whlill
[III- orcasitni of
I were tliry qow
he iiiqiiirril of
I l<H«i-. Id ftifUn
il iiU» priHuitf (1
r If v«Ty roura-*
lilinK. AiT.oril-
, liiiil hi! ilriircil
Ihc plt'Buure o(
If-avi^' HK t'i do.
Ihin roiuiiiifiiun,
r, |iul uu ilitir
< work, without
mil mil now Ilk*
re r*uily 10 al'
ita afl'ri^hUtt at
lich lif;.(iir« had
I niuriij;)', were ,
hill Ihi'y (!(iultl
•<;art)iin nj^uinkt
H thinking.- lhi«
ly woy lor Ihf ir
utpcnJed upon
froni which ycf
ihi'V wi'lh- I'urisil
ic llrlirewi ^aw
(linU'ly puriuied
id broken their
III, and lioiuc of
nd ran awuy to
puraueil tli^tiii
^riid in thc.-^a-
one; and bi ing
rv ilcxt€TOiis ill
lie of lliat kind,
ut light uriuor,
H puiDuil, lh<-y
thoae ilbat w^ru
ovi>r|UKPii, they
i their hows, so
le thiU. csca^d
ided.'and llifaiv
il than with any
I ; fur it WDi thn
^renteat niinibcr
the river, out of
iithCrs lied bway
ound Ihi'iii. anil
II dnrta anil what
tfr uf tilt m ull,
Sothp H«;lirc«»
ooi tlnrr prey.
!BS lull of ttbufi-
vei)t all. over It
:le upon it, aiid
I the tenth, and to
3ernBrdaaure#u*.
near Fetra, the old
day; atllM tkti
BOOK 1V.-C1IA
'Aft
€
Ctiay look th« cncniiri Arlion<r<, for ihcy ruiitd
noway put a flop to tneni, iiuit' «l| rtir lixhlitig
man. Were dr'tlroyrd. .Sgrh niit Ihi- ili ftrirltina
which uvrri^nii the Aimirilr', who were iifilher
•agaciiiut iii council, ngrcuiiriiitconii m at'titm.
HiircniHin thr Ik'urfwt look p »■< iiimi ol Ihrir
llMtil, which II u ciiuntfy; 111111111' bilwcen Ihrcir
rivira, and natiiri<llvi.it't<'iiiJilin;; iin i<li(iid,' the
livrr Arnmi liiiii^ V'*' Miulhi rii limit: the rivrr
Jabjiiik ihit'iiulniiig lt| ii<<rthi-rn (idc, which
running inlj Jordinii' Inirt il^ own nviiic, and
luki-« thn nllicr; while Joriluu il<i.ll run* almig
by il. on iln wi Ht»ri»cc)a»t.
i. ' When iiiiitliriVwi'n) conic to thi> ulatr, ());,
the kiiiK of (ill) Ad iind liiiul.iiiitiii, !• II iniuM the
lirai'liira. I Ir li|»)ii)rlit an iinny iMlli h^v'- "'id
rami' in haaic l» the Hnniriiaucc 1,1' Ut* iViciid Si-
hiin. Hut ll.iiii|tb he lnund him iilrmily (liiin,
yet did hr ri p"i|vc ulill to ci>mc and (<%hi ilic Hi •
Wwiit>ii|>po«:a); liohould be luo lytnl lyr'tlii'iii,
and b<rinj( diTiinmi iJi Iry ihi ir viilur: but lull-
inic ol hit hiiiVi , h«- nk* bii|h' hliiiirif j<l.iin<jn Iht-
baitli-', and nllbn ^■'■'■y *'■■* derlrnyrd. Su
Atoifo <iaiiM(fuv)'r ihv river .^ibbok, uiid ovi r-
rail Ihr kinadoni >(f, U^, lli^ ovciihntv their
citio, rinililrw lill Ihrir inhaliilant'. t\li,> yel );x<
rreded In ri< htt ull Ihii nivn in that jiai^t'ol' the
hail (rnni'lii< anrrdnrii • frirndihtp and leaipM
with lh<: Midii^itrt, aaw how )(re>l if|) Itraal-' .
(I''« werr gniHii, hr Wat niurh'allriKhlrul, iin'ar-
count of Ilia own and hia kiiiKihi
f"
lnn|r«ri ftir
hr wan iinl aci|iiainle4l With thia,* il|a,t Iha ||f-
hrcHi Uoiihl not nicdillr with any nihrrrnnnlrf,
hut were to br^riinteiiUil nilh llie p,>aar«aion of'
the hind of ('ainian. tind havMig |'o|hiilil/'n llirro
to (to any f.irthrr. Vo hr. wiih niorr liaate than
wiiuhiiri, reaiilvtul to innki' an all«mi>l ap<)n thrnf
by wonlai but lif did not ju(l|fc it prudrnt to
dKht aKainat thrill, after Ihry hail aiich jiriM|i<>r-
nua iHCcraara, mid rvrit hrc.iiiir nut of ||| me-
f riari ' iiiore haj^f.y tliiin hf lorr, iiiil hr lli'ought
lohlndrr iheui, it )ir ciuld^rniin ((rowini; grral-
rr, and an l|e raajilvid to ari^d miibiiKndnra i-i
the MiTtianlli*a alxiiit them. Noiv tlirar Miilianilri
klioHiiiK there wiia one llnlaaiii, tlrho'liieil ht
Kiuihruli;, and wna the ftrrnlral of the nro|ihela
III thill lime, and iiiir that waa in friendihip with
then), anil aoirtr of Ihefr honorable phnrra
/ailing «it)i, Ihn aiiilMiMiiduia of fliitnk, Jo en(rral
' the prophet to Cmne fo Ihrin, that hr tiii|hl iip-
jirncatr cnraea In (he ileatnicliiin nf llir lararj-
ilr«. So Hidaani receivrif Ihr aiiiliiionilora, an^t ■
ireaird them vir^ kin<Hy,aiid whin lie hiid luti-
ped, he impiireil Avhiit waa lioil'a will, nfiil what
ronlinenl, on lu-ijiuiit of Ih'.' ^'lU'lll' M'ut llje »i>il, j Ihia mnlirt w«a for which Ihe Mtdinuili . enlreal-
••" <l'r ferrat iiiiiii.Tiiy nf tlu iih. ■illli. ^„w Og c ,.,| ti,,,, ,„ y„„^^ |„.iieiu? Ilul when Gud op.
had vr>y few ei|iiiilv.-it»frr in' llie iMrjfcncM ol j |Hiai>l lya Roing, lie ciikiir to the aiubH.»idoni and
hia body, oriianTfaomejieM of lin up|«iirnnee. lidil lliriii', ifcat hr waif hitii.elf vrry willing and
He waa alio a mini ol grratWtnii^ lu the u.e clrair.iiil to c.inipty *jth their reqiir.t, but in-
of hia handi, in that hia actjqtm wire mil line! formed Ihrin that Oo^ waa oppoatle to hia intrn-
' qua! to Ihe va«t lurgineaa anil handaoine aJip.'Br. 1 tions even IhftI tio<l who had riiiaed hilu to
, Hnc« ol hia body. And men could eii-ily (jneM I prjul r< piilalion on iccouiil of Ihr truth of bii
at Ml ilranRth and iHiiguilmle, hIhiki Ih.') Vn)k j p»,'licti.,na, foj- flhatllKia arm* wliich thry rn-
hiibed at liiibboth, the royal city ifl the Aiiimon- 1. iNAted hini to romo fo rur«r, wna in Ihr fnvor df
llri! Ill atriiclKre wna ol iron, ita breadlli (iiur tiod; 0n which acrdlllll he adviaeil Ihenilogo
CubiN, and ita length i» cubit more lliiin double | home aKiiiu,' ami Aotflo prraiat i|i«j^rir enmity
aiid whrnl
divniiaiedil
<l given
ainbaisa-
Ihrrrlo. Hoivi.>er, hia Aill did mil only improve^ I, Hgaiu't. the IirafUtr
thr i'ircHiiwtance» of 111;- Kehreiva for %!<• yn- < tlnni that; anawrr;
irilt, but l(y hia ileHth he ifva^ithu occasion of I >i<ira.
(irlhef {rood «ucce*a to them; for iMv pre-, iiily ;(, \„„ |h<. Midiunftea, n| Ihc ea'rAiKl rrourit
took those Hixtyr rill. J, whiili nvrv. i<m,o.iipii«Mil ,„,1 frrv.nt entreatiea] of llaliik„«nl other am-
Wllhucr lilnt w«lla, aiidhad liern .iibj.ct to ; li,-i„(,il,,ej, \„ llnlniim. Who dr.irinFto jfriilify the
bini, and nil got, both 111 general anil HI particular, j men. Ingiiiied agmn |>f I'.oil; but hr wa* dii-
• great prey. . p|ea.rd iit thia f.econr iriaUVand bid him by no
CHAP. VI. I meaiw to conttadi^t tfc. uiBimi»:id^. Now Ba-
«;,^cr,<n, i^.|«a^.M.^^
. a »r ■ J^ > 1 : , . ' ,• ,i !»'""» "'«"' «h'' ambf nadori; hut when Ihe di-
}I. Now Mosra, when he hijd orouglil lii» , viaie anjtel met hiiu ii.thc w)*v, nfkrn hr wai in
'tiitiiiy to Jordan, pitched hia camp in Ihe gr^'nt'
plaiijiover agniual Ji richo." Thia 1 ity haa a v.'ry'
liapi^ aituution, and very lit forproilui in<; pnliii-
trre/and bulsaui. And now Ihe Imael^le^ ur};an
to b6 vt-Tf proud of Ih'rinaelvi a, and were vi/ry
eager Vor fighfiii;;. IMoaca then, alter he liad ot>
fered. (or a few dayi sacAliceiof thaiiknglifiHg
to (laid, and fe^ated the people, bent u jiurly' o>
armed men to lay waatr the roimtry ol thk Mi-
ljiunil<ra, ami to take their citiea. ' AoWi<he ocp
caiion which ^e took for making warnpon them
I waiaa follow* : " '^ , *
'i. When ili^ak, the |ki|ft[.of.lhv'.\h)nb.itc«, who
a nnrniw pna'apre, aiAl hedgrii in with a wall on
both aiitea the aat on which UalaB|urodr, under-
itooil that it wna a iirrviiie apirit MR iiiW him,
and thrukt l^aliinm to one of the walla, without
rejjiii^l to the atririra which lialaam, when he
<Vil hurt by the Wall, gave her; but when the
aaa, upon ilip iiiitel'a continuing - to dialrrai
her, and iipoii tlieMiripea which were given her*
fell flown, bv the .wilt of (ioil, ab« {||L<le*ua«of
the voice of a inijlit, and coiiiplailieiWf'Hiilaaili,
ai ac|in>; unjuallyl V> her; that uherrai h^ hui
no fault lo find tviih her in her forinrr ir^ire tp
hini, h« now iniliated ilrtpea upon hrr,Bi not un-
rrinira, Jnaephnii irvcr iirriiplrH to admit, aa ever
ta:ci)iliiKaHi-h wlrkM mrnjuatiy noil iirnvidrnlially de-
ceived.) Mill |ierl*i|iH, we hadheili'r keep ^er*i lone to
llLelrii. wliirli anjfl, Niiinh. iij^Ji, '.■!, Iliat Cod only
i iN'riiiit'led llMlaaiii|i.> no ali
I raariliF) comeHadralli'
I hia lining along viiitl4tl;e
i laaiii aiiaiiiiiiitef ini|ial
* What losrphua here rrmnrkaWtvrll wnrili,«iir re-
mark in liiia iilafcnjao, vir~ llinlllir lariiclMpa wiire Me-.
ver loiiicdil|<' nlllillie Mijiiliiti-a, iir.Aiiimoiiiiia.iir^iiiy
other iieoplei lull lliOKclcloiiiiluKluthciaod of I'aiiaan,
and (he counirica of fihon and Ug li<<yoiid Junlnii, hi
far ■atliedelert mid lUipliratcaiantllhnI, tliercfore, no
oilier peotile'ftad reilaoii to fear tile roiii|ii'i»i»o|i|ic |«.
raebtia; hut Hint lljuae roiintriva, luveii lliro) hv-titid,
were Ihrir proja^r nAdiierMliar portion anHiiin'^e fiu | iiirirninit/i7Ml'Ba.|iil.i(T'lITa'nii?
iiona; and thai a!l who eiideavt?red*ludi«po«ia-aail4*m ih.mi. tlinn «iiii.l| forineir r;i
oii(litevarlieju>llydeairuyrd by lliein.
t ^'trte, tiiDl JOMr|ihii8hever.an|i|M>aeallalnnintoliean
idolater, iiorloarck iilnlBtrouaiiirhantiiiPiila, orlojiro-
^pheiy fiilaely, luit to I* no otl.er than an ill disiawcd
profiiirl^^al the true liod; and inliiiiutcM that tiod'a an
iwer the Duroiid lime, permiMiiii: hiin to iiour^a ironl.
^ahandondeaign that he aliniild Ik- de'eivmi'n'tilrh
* Unix ofitacegtipn, by way of puniahtiicnt fori fAtmer
hcaeenito havtjiH'cii I'iit hi*
waiiea o( iinrinKlcoiiiiiiess; .Niial'.
Prt.ii. I.i; Jude^, )l;wliii-li rt'vviif^
rejiffiiiua prnptvfjta of Coil ecver reual:
aa our .Inaenliiiij Jitatly takra nnUmn tliifi
uei, Aitiq.h. virti. iv. an I. I, flpDai
rh, tt.iKff. :i. JBrealaoCen. jiy.SS.lj!
IC, ■.'», '.tr, aiHf .(rta vili. l8-^i.'<L
ml«M4itnra, ip
IvclVlnaia^on
ia: whervaa Ra-
riafn up, hi the
I ave rallea
;ealona do* a .,
Inalfou; t,,*
I«,a7; S
ihatruW,'
iptaif
t-
♦
\
\'
IJ2
r '
1
*.
hiiu. ■ihI blaniril hirii fur tli<< *lrt|M'« Uti Di
•■ nit ■••, ■11(1 iiiliiriilvd him iKm the liruio
cranlurii wna mil in (■nil, itnd llmt ()• wti liini-
•«lf coiiiv tu ob>lrur( hit journnjr, (t licln); con-
' Irary l« lk« will of (inU. U|H)n Mlilrh KhIiiiiiii
•CHI ■Iriiiij, mill Mun |irt'pai'int( to rciiirn ImcL
■K*Ui, >i'l dill (JimI cii'ilii liini to K» uu hii in-
hodt'd wmyi Ijul nddt il, llii* injunciion, (li«( h«
thould dvclura nulluHjl; hut wlint Im hiniu'll
•hunld •ii|rK*'>l to llii luiml,
4. Wliri) (tud h»<l ((iviin htm tliia i hnrK*. I><*
ctimx.to Biilnk) and whin tin Lihk hud iiilri-
liiinad him in ii .ni*y;iillSi'i nl iiiniiiKir, he driirid
him tu K,a lu una of the lununlnint luliikn it Vli-Mr
01' tlin tliila dl' tlic lainp ul' llm Itihnw*. liii-
lah hiuitrif nl«i rnnir In lh» iiiounliiin, ■iid
, broughl Ihn projihcl aloiiK with hini, wilh ii fuy-
■I ■rtcudunrc. Thii niouiiluiii \»y ovir lliiir
hradi, *iid ivii* diilunt tixly liirlniiKt Ironi lliv
camp. Mow when hii iilw Ihi'iii, hi- di'iirrd ihi;
i king Iwhuild him arvcn allnr«, mid to hriiiK him
■a null} hull! uiid raum; tu whii'h doirv Ihi'
kin|( did prcttnll/ conA>rni. Mr linn uliw Ihi'
•acri0i'c>, and ollvri'^ thfiii
(hat hii nii;;ht ubpticvii tunic alj
ol' Ike Ht'bruwi. .Thi'n anid I
pcopUi un whoili (lod brttcii
inuuniurablii Kf"*' ,"<'"K*i
vwn pru<idi'iKO tu be ll
' guidi-.i 10 thiit Ihern it
niaokind but >uu 4Nrill h«1i,
■jMieni in virluv, aiiiJnn Ihi; en?
the beat nilca of life, nnd oi
lyoin wickcdni'ii, and will lcn\if lliuTv
<ruli'i to your children, and thia oii|..iif the nxi'i'd
4 that Uod bi'ura tu yuu, knd the prut-itinn of iini'h
thiuga for you as m»y render }'oii hiippiir thun
anjr oiKit: people undrr the »un, Vou ahul( re-
tain thiitliind to ivliii'h he hath miU yuif; iind it
ahall ever be under the ruminnnd of your rhil-
drcn; and both nil the earth, at well as Ihi' •cna,
•haH be tilled with your^lory: and you ahull bii
' aufficieiil|v nunierui)4 to aupply the World in
{general, aifil"' eVery re||;ion of it in pnrtieiilnry
wilh inhnbitunta out id your atock. ilowcvir,
O bleaai'd army ! wonder that you nre bii:aiii« ao
niany from one father! And truly, the land of
Canaan can now liuld you, hi lieiii|i y» t ronipara-
lively few: but know y« that the whole Wurldjt
|iropoae(l to be your place o{, h»liit|ilioii forever.
J'he inultiludc"uf yuur,|)oaterity hUu ahall live
a» well'in the iihinda aa on tlif lunliiiint, uud
that more in niiniber than urc llie atars of hea-
ven. And when yqji are become ao iimtiy, UutT
will not ndinquiali tile rare of yon; bjjt^id'll af-
ford you an abundance of nil good^ththgi in time
of peace, with viitory and doiffinion in time of
war. Miiy Ihc cKihlnn of your encmii-a have
an inrrimliun to luflit againat you; iiHH iriiiv
ihey be ao hanW o» to conie,to arnia, nnd to aKaaull
yott in battle, lor they will not return with victo-
ry, nor will iheir return be agreeable to their
cnildrcn and wivea. To so great « degree of
valor will ydu •be raiaed by tlie providence of
Uod, who ia able to diminiah the aflluence
•. at aonie, and to aunply the w^nta of othera."
.>. 5. Thiia did Buluuni apeijk by iniipiriition, lia
not being i^ hla i^nii power, but moved to aiiy
whut he (lid liyjiheifivfne Spirit. But when liu-
■-• ' ■■■ ''' ' i" '
• Whether Joaephna had in Wa' ropy tuiMwp 41-
temptx or Palaniii in all lornrae Israel, nr wlwther, Jiy
thin hia twice oacrini aacridre, he nieiint twice beaide
that flrat lime already mentioned, which yet li not ve-
■ f> probable, caiinol now be certainly determined. In
the mcantimedll otbcr colilea have tliree micli atleAiblf
cif Balaamlocurae ihemlntlieprettiit h^tmy.'
irncumiMni ip|>on.them, anil had dnUrtd that
l^ry were llie hapiiieal of men, 'I'o whirh Ua-
laeni rrnliid, -'O Ualah, If Iboit rixhlly lonai-
dvfrsl Inii wb'ile niulirr, ranal Ihou auppoae
that li M in oWr |i6wer to be ailrnt, Ar |o ••> any
Ihina when the aplril of (ind ariira upon utT
lur he pula anrli wonia nt he pliatea into vur
niouiha, and amh ilixouraea aa we are not our-
arlvva Rimarioua of. .1 will reniembrr by what
enlrralir^ both J'on aiMl the Midiiinllrii an joyfvi
ly bri)UKhtnia hllhrr, and on Hint Birount'l ItMik
thia journiy. It Waa my prnvrr that I WWhl
not iMil any allronl noon ton, na Iq what ymi de-
tireil of mil) but Oud la Qiore powerful tiian the
pnrpoaea I hail innle In ai rve y«ii ; for Ihoae that
liike u|Hin Ihini Id forrtrll the alt'nirt of men-
kind, Ha from-thrir owii abditiia^Hre enlirily un-
able t'l di> ll, or to li>rbear to utter whuf (lod
auKi)|e-li to th'iii.nr to ollir vioUnre tu hia will;
for when he pnvenla ua, hiid enlet:* into iM,
iiolhinK ihnt we my il nur own. I JIhen did liot
Intend to pmiw thia ami} , nor to pfM over the
•eviriil t^omh lIunKa v\hirh (iud inlriiiKd to
do to ihiir ral'e, Imt liiice lie \\»» an fvinrnbUl Ul
Ihini, and ao riinly to hr4liiw upon them a ha|>-
py life, nnd eti rnni irlory, he amri^rati'd the
ilerlaralion ol* Ihnae lhin|;a in. me. liut niiw, bo-
rnuae it it my ile*ir« to oblige thee thyaeif ai
Well na llie Midlnnltra, whoae intreHtira it ia not
din lit lor hie to n.jeel, vo to, lel^ ua MKiiin rear
other alliir«, iind oH'i r the JikrMMeriltcea that wa
(lilt .liMori' ; thill I may tee whether I rnn per-
auiide (ihil lo permit me In hind Iheae jiien with
ruraea." Whirh, when Kalak hud iiKrieil In,
(iod wmilil not, i vin upon nei i.nil aaciificea,*
I'iniaenI In hia Curaing the larhelil'ea. Then fell
I'ulaani upon hit lure, and forrliild whkl calami- ,
tie* Wouhl befull the aevemi liinga ol' the na-
tioiM, nnd till' iiioat rininentcitiea,aiinie of which
of old Mere not ao much aa inhiibili'd ; which
evenia have come lo paaa ainonfc file aevcral
people cnncetned, both in ihit forenoinp agea,
ahd in tliia.till iiiy own nieuiory, l>ii|h by neaanii
by land. I'roin vihirh coiiiplitio^i uf nil Iheie
predirtl(iri<,lhii| lie made, nnn iiiay eatily glteaa
lliii^ th*'^«t will have thelr^'Omptetion in time
' (5. But TIalak beinj; very angry that thelarael-
ilea were not euraed, arnt'uwiiy 'Huhtimi, without
thinking him worthy of any honor. Whereup-
nos when lii^ wipi jnit n'pun.'hia journey, in order
lo priaa the lOiiptiriiteii, he aent for Halnk, and
fiiV the {>riiii-rif of the Nliilinnilea, anti apake thua
to them: "U lluhik,f ondyouMidiunitea Ihnt are
here preaent, (for I am nbliged,even Without the
will of <iod, to gratify you,) II i« Inie ho entire
dcatruction run aeiie upon the niilion of the He-
biTwa, ifeilher liy' war, nor by plagiie, hor by*
brnrcity of the fr'uila nf the eiirlh. nw can any
other unexpieted accident lin their entire ruin,
for the providence of (•od ia coniefned to nre-
aerve tneni from auch a miafortune, ilor will it
permit any aufih calamity to come upon them
wliereby ttiey inav alijieriahr but aome amall
miafot^tunea, and Innae for a abort time, whereby
thejr niny appear to he brought hiw, may atiil
belidl them.; but after thnt iliey will fluuriah
again, lo the terror of thoic that' b^iugbt tlioie
niiachiefa upon tbeni. J>o that if you Have ■
t Siicli ai lante and diatinrt account of thia perrer.
aiunuflbe laraeHle* by llie Midlaiiilewnuien,orwbieb
dur'ollier ropici give ua but abort intlm^'llont, NuBb;
xji:ti. 10; 3 Pel. il. 1ft; Jiid. ver. II. Apoc. U. 14. if pre
aerved, as Relaitd Infarni* ua. In ilie Kainaritan elironb.
rie. in Phiio, and in other writlnga of the Jtwa, «■
well •# here byJoaeylnw T .
'■H
4
'#*■
h»l br<ik«ii Ik*
li« «•■« ill row*
I Inrllxl him, by
lor i»h«r*«> i>*
h<i liul luiula •■
il iUiliir«<l (hal
'I'll whirh U>-
>il riKhily loniii*
It thuu (lipilOM
nl, Or |o M> any
•riira upon u*T
plintrt into vur
tv« air* nut iiur^
iirhilirr by nhitl
Ijnnili'it M) Joyfiit
nt ■niiiiiit I ItMill
\irr ihni I \ti>fiUt
I tQ wimt voii (ic*
oMrarful tlinn ib<<
III ; fur Ihoar that
i> altnlri of m*n<
i,Mff rnliraly im-
iillvr wliiif (iixl
lUnrn (u hii witl)
rnlf'rt Milu IM,
I ^hrn lilt) liot
r to Kv over Iha
ioil iiitruiKd to
ii< •» fBtiirnbk to .
ipiin thfni a h«|>-
« ttnc^trtli'il (be
ic. tiut now, bff
1^ I her Ibiirif at
nlri^Htii '» It ii nul
, U'l- III MKiiin roar
Mi'rilicri I hat wa
pth«r I enn prr-
I llu'nf iiivii with
liiiil agri'**!! to,
< cinil i>ui rificrt,*
^lil'in. 'I'bvn fell
loll) whiit riilaiui- .
Iiinf;» III' tbn na-
rmmmiaorwhirh .
inhaliili'il: ivhlrh
IODIC ll'«' ni'viTal
(itrmoiag n|;r<,
', iMifh by Kca anii
tiop uf nil Ihi'ia
iiiay ratiljr gtttn
impk'lion in lime
■y that tliclirarl-
HMlaiini, without
anor. Whereup-
ioiirnrv, in urtirr
t for Halnk, and
n, HiM npnlit' Ihui
liiliunitt^s Ihnt arc
rven without the
it true tio entire
iiiliun of the He-
' iila^ur, nor by'
irtli, nVr can any
Ihcir rntire ruin,
oiH't'i'iied to pre-
rtune, iliir will it
■oiile upon thrin
but tonie •niall '
irt time, whrrrbr
It hnv, may itill
li'y will Auuriib
Ht bpiugbt thoie
1 if you hBTe ■
ml of tbia perrer-.
inH'oiiien.orwbleh
iniiin^llont, Nunb.'
Apor.. Ii. 14. if pre-
iKiiinarilanelironU
ga of the J«M^, fi
■%
WIOK
«
■miihI tA ft«Sn a fWtnry oter lh«m f.ir a
?,-
•bn
« of liiiir, yi^u will obtain II li> l<ill«win( i
d^rv'tion*: <lu you tb«r*fun> irt out Ibr liaml
•omnt of lurb bf your ilaMnhlrr* a« are iimmI ont
I for beau
and
In fnrrr and <
prop"
the mmirilir of lho«* thai brbobi tbrin, and Ihrw
dri kid and tripimrd lo ihi' hi||br>l drKr)>* you
iir* aldr« Ibrniluyou irnd thuiu In be near Ihr
tararlilM' raiapi nwl (iv* (h*m in rbarfei Ihal
whrn the young nifn of the ll«brrw< diolrathvlr
cuni|Mny, Ibay allow it thnn\ aad when Ihey i^n
that Ihry ara riwiiiorrrl iif thnnyirl thrni lake
Ihrir Iravej and il Ihvy rffliral /hrm lo ilay, Ul
Ibrni not dive their romeitt liM ihry ha»e iWr-
,luniU'il tliiiHi lir Irani' oH ihrir Uhrdii ni'* lo tneir
own (*w«, and Iha Wor>Mp of/lbat (iod who «••
• lablithrd Ibrm, and lo tviir^ip the |[oila of Ih*
Midiaiiili'ii and the Moaliit«*i for by tbii loeana
t iod will Iwiinirr) »l Ibiiii.")' AiTorilin«ly, whrn
llnlanin bad (Ujocratrd lhi/roun««l lu tbcin, be
went bin way,
7. MowhentheMidl4MUeib»l>rntfhelrdaHKb-
trr4, »• llaluain bad ei(k«irteil {bein, ihe Mi bri-w
ynun)t men were hIIi^^mI by their Iwi^iily, and
i-iiiue lo dinrnur^e witb them, ami heauu|(bi flirm
not to Krudfin Ihi'Ui liie enjoyuieiil nf tNcirbeaul)
enjojH
heir en
noT lo ilinr ibrm iberr ennnrutinn. Thewi
dHUKbterii of thi' Midianilen rrrrivi'd their wj^U
jtlaiilytand ronteflleil lo it, antt^ilaiil wilb iTirHii.
but when tin v had bruucht Iheni to be enuniurrd
of tbrni, anil Ihiir inniualiona lo ibrni wj;ri
are entirely ihllrrrii
niurb that your kin<l
younelvei, and tour kinill
lo other*, it will b* ahwl^
would bare Ui for your h|
wnnbip our koiUi nor iN
ilenv>n<lrallon of Ihe km
you already have, and priiiui** ^
In ut, than ibia, lhal you wunhi|4
that we do; for lina any iine nauii
that now yitu are ronie jiito Ihw rnaqiry', you
•bnidd wurahiplbe |in>|iergiidt of Ibi' laiiM' ruun-
try 'I et|)ei'iHlly while our rod* are I'Onoiion to all
men, anil >oui't (urh a> mloii|[ to uoIhhIi rlia
but your>rl«i't," Ho they oaid Ihry ni>(<l rllbef
i;oni* into sueh melhoda of iU«tne woithip tp all
other* ram* hilo, or elie they niu*t Imik uul fu» -
another Worlil, wherein Ihey may live by Ibciu*
ulvei, ai'i'uriliiix lo (hiir own law*.
9. Now liie young men wire iniluceil by lb*
fondneM Ihey bad for th<i*« women, to Ibiak ihtf
*p*kii tfry well, ui Ibey gnre ibinnrlvet Mp 10
what Ihry pertuaili'il them, anil trnniKretwd
(heir own l*w*, ami •u)>(»»*d Itw-m- i««'re ntaiiy
SikIh; am) reiolvinK IhnI ihev would •nirilti'e (o
letii ai'i-ordiiiK lo llie laMtol'lhat loiiuiry whirh
ordained Ihriu, ihey both Wire ileliKlilid with
Ibrir •IraiiR* food, and ivinl on lo do ivery Ibipg
that Ihe wi^nien would have lliriu do, Ihouahlin
coiilradirtioil Id Ihitr own Inwiii iio l'<ir iiiilard,
that lhi< lran«Kri'iiiiiOii wii4 iilrmily )(oni' IhrouRh
the wholi' aniiy of theyount; nun, and Ihry fell
into a •editinn thai wa* iniirli wor»i than the for- .
nier, and Into daii||;er nf lh« rulire abidilion ot(p
their own iintitiilion*; for ivliiu oiiri the yiiulh
had tanttil of tin •>' utriiiiKe riiiloiiiil, Ihet went
with iniatiaidi' iiiilinationi uilo llirin; iiii>l even
will re •oiiii' of the pnnripaltiwn were iltuatrintt*
lOn airouiil of Ihe virliita of Iliiir fiilbrrn, Ibey
alao were rnrrupleii wilh llie rest.
10. JWin Ziinri, Ihe braii of lh« Iribe of Si- ,
iiieon, rompanled wilh Ciiibi, a MidianillHli wo*
iiiiin, nbo Hii* the daui;bler iil Sur, #inan ol
aiitborily in Ibiit countri : and lieiii); deairi'd br.
Ilia wife to di>rrf(ard ihi' law of .Moii^, and lo fol-
low tboae the ivka uieil to, be I'oiiiplli d wilh htr,
and Ihii both by anrriltciii); alli-r u iiilinnil ililTer-
enl fnini Ida own, and by tiikiii': ii nll-nnKrr lo
wife. When lUinKa wire thix. Movi a waa afraid
that mtilter* ahnuld grow woraf, and i-ulled lb*
iH'ople In a ri<.ii|;r«(;iiliiiM, but (hi n urriiaeil BU* .
body liy name, aa unwilling to ilrivir rlloae into
' ' ■ ' ' ' ' ■ Il I'omn to
lid upldo
frown to I'lpeneaa, ihey lilKalt to think ul ili
parliiiK from tbeni; (hen il waa lha( (hea« iiirn
oeriinie Krendy diarnnaulatr at tbe wonien'a lie-
Iwrturr, and tliey wl re urKi nl wilb llieni iiol lo
rnvc (lieiii, but bi'f;;;ed they would i onlllute
there, iind, bioonie their wite*; unit Ihey pni-
. miaeil Ibeiii tb^-y ahnulit bi; owned iia iniilreaaea
•f all Ibey bad. 'I'bia (bey aaid wilb an oath; iiiid
eallrd (iod for' the afbilrator of What Ibey pro-
iniaed; and (hia witb teura in their eyea, ami nil
otber inarka of coni em a* iniKbt abnw how iiiiu'-
rttblii tbiy ' ihoiiKhl tliiinni'lfea wilbuut Iheiii,
am) -ao iiiigbt move their coinpaaaloii I'lr lliein.
So'lbe ivniiien, aa aoon jia tliey peri'iivrd Ihey
had made thrill (heir alavea, and„1ind rauKbl
Iheni wilb (heir tonveraiidon, began (o apeuk
Ibu* (o (beni:
t). "U y4iu illoa(rioiia , roiiuK iben! ne have
houaea of our own at home, and great |ili ntv of
J'uod ibinga there, tn)(elhi'r with (be naliirnl »f-
ectionale love nf our paren(a and friemla; nor ix
if pu( of our Wiint of niiy tmli tbincja tlial vve
Coiue to dincourae wi(b ydii, nor did we ndnlltof
your invitation with i1e«i|;n to pruatitiilir Ibn
beauty of our body for (piin, bill taking you for
brave and worthy men, we agreed to voiir re- ^ „
,queal, that we nmv treat vou^itb aiirli honora de>|Miir, who, bj lying ronrealiii im
a* baapiliilily required'; ami now, aeein;jf you »uy'| ri|ieiil»nei'; bnt In- aaid, "'riiat Ihij
' that you have a great alliiliou for ua, uiid arejivlint waa either worthy nf lhi'iii>L'lie«, or of
troubled wliefl you Ibink we are deparlinj;, «i i, their father*, by preferring plii-nre to (iiHl, and
arc notnveran lo your entrenllea; and if ^einay \ lo the living afPonling (o hia will: tliiit it waa fit
receive aucb aaaurance of you^ good-will an wii | (hey ahoubi rbiiiigi' their rouvira. while tbtir af-
think can be alonn aufficlcnt, «e will be Lbol lo ; fair* were ttill in a good atate; iiiul lliink tbal In
lead oiir livn witb you aa your wivea, but we .be irin- fortitude wliTcb olbosnol violence to their
are a'n-aiil that >ou will in tijfne be weary of oiir lawa,.l>ut that wbicb reaiata Ihiir luala. And !>«•
company, and will then ubuiie na, and aiIhI ui-' tide* that, be aaiil, it wa*ni>( a leuaonaMe (bin|f,
back (o iiur part'Uli, after n^^nominiona man- { when Ihey had livid aoliiily in the wildcrneaa,
ner;" and Ibiy di-aired- (hut Ibey woidil ciciiai'. ' to act miidly now Ibiy wen- in iiroapirily ; and
them in their |;uarding afrninat that danifir. Itnt [tbal tlity ought not (o loae, no« Ihey hiive abnn
(be youpg men pro Vsaeil they would give thini dnnre, what they bad gained whin Ihey hud lit
' a'I'hiatrnniiniiiilin, lliat Roil'* people of farnci ronld
never he fiinl, niiritealruyeil.hiil liy drawini liiein loain
unlnal (iod, npiicara (o iie true,liy the entire liialory of
llint pcoplo, ioti) intlie BIMe and In joaephua: nii'd ia
Oilen tokeii.nollre of ill Ihrin t>ntli. A>e in iNirdriilar a
moat reniafknlile, Aninioiillcteitinidny'to llila purpose,
Juililh V. *^?l
I.
livmn arrordini lothe holy Inwa Whirli Iheirue God had
ylvrnllicin iiv Mi>Mi<i>>i>"l>l>'»'i'>"n to iliiaie impure law*
wliiidi wtreotiaeived uiiiler llii'ir liilw Boda well deaerve*
our ronaiderallon. and Kivra ua a aiitiHtanlial leaaon fur
llin »fciit ronrcrn IlialWaii ever ahflwed.iiniler Ilia law
III' Moaea.tii preaerve llliXlaineHlea from idolatry, and In
llir woralilporilfel»ue<V' K t>eiii| of no IcM roA«e
t What Joacphu* line pill* Inlolhc mouth* of llieae Mi- i qnenrc Uian. whether Cod>a people ahould Ic governed
dlarilt* women, who rnnie (o enllce the laraelitea to ly lh« holv law* of (he tnie^fJod.or l.y llieipipur* law*
Icwdnmaand iilpl,j(ry, vir thai their worahip orihe(;nd itenved from deinoiia under \lie pnrun Mulatrjr.
Of Uiael, in o)ipo*itluii to tlieir idol (oda, implied llieir
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MKRocorr MsounioN nsT chart-
(ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2)
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= (7.I6X 482 - 0300 - Phon.
(7.16) 28e-SM9-Fa» .'' I.
f:
88
",( .
ANT-njiUITIES (y THE JEWS.
!■
ll«." And 110 did he endeavor, bv iayino- ibii,
to correct the young ni> n, and to briiig^ them to
repentnnee fur nhat tiii^y liad (lOnc.
II. But Zimri arose up a/UT iflffir and aaid,
" Yei, indeed, Moiict, thou art atlilicrty to make
naa ol' tuch lunii aa lliou art \/o fond si', and liaat,
by accunloiiiiiig: ihy aelf to iJleiu, made tliriii lirni ;
othcrwiae, if thin";!) hud /not been, tlius, thou
hadat often been nunJKheJ before now, and h«d«t,
knpkvn that the Hc1>hw8 arenot eaaily put uponv
but thoa ahalt not luive me one of thy fcdloDicn
id thy tyrannical, conmunda,' for thou doat no-
thing eh* hitherto, (Jtit, under pretence of luwa,
and uf Ui)d, wi'-kedly inipoMe on ua aliivery, and
gain dominion to thvself, while thou dfpri\e»tua
uf the aweetneaaiof life, tvhich contiiilta in actin);
. according to our own wills, and ia tlie right of
freem !iii and of thone that have fip lord over
them. Nav, indeed, thia man ia harder upon llic
Hebrfwa tiiim were the J'^gyptiuna tljci use Ives,
M pretending to punish iiccording to &» lawa,-
every one'a nctiiig what is moat agre<:able to
hiniatif; but thou tliyhelf better deacrvest to suf-
fer punishment, who presumest tO aboliahnhat
every one acknowledges to be what ia good for
Ilim, and aiiuest to loake tliy m\^\k opinion to
have inore force tlinii that of all the rest; and
What I now do, and think to Ite right, I shall not
hereafter deny to be accordiiig to iiiy own sinti-
■neata. I have married, as thuu say est riglitly, a
strange woman, and tliou hearest what 1 di|^'om
myscn'na from one that is free ; for-truly 1 xuaiiot
intend to concej^l myacll'. I also own, tliat I sa-
crifice tO'thoae g-oda lowborn you do nut think
fit.to aacrifice; and I think it right to conic at
truth by inquiring of -niuny people', and not^ik'e
onv tliat Uvea qnder tyrHiiny, to sutler the whole
hope of my life to ilepf^nd. upon one man; nor
aliall any one find Couse'^'o rejoice, who dcclarca
himself to have more aufliority t^'er my actions
than niyaelf." •"''"'■ .
.13. Now when Ziniri had said these things,
about what he and some others had wickedly
done, the people held their peace, l)oth oat olT fear
of what might come upon thciu, and because
they a^^ that their lej^islator waa not williu"^ to
bring his insolence beture the public any farther,
or openly to contend with him, for he avoided
that, leat many should imitate tht: imprudence,
of his language, and thereby disturb the multi-
tude: upon this the asaenibly was dissolved.
However, the mischievous attempt had proceed^
ed farther, if Ziinrj hud not been first slain,
which came to pass on the filloniiig occasion:
Phineas, a man in other respects better than the
Teat of the young mci), and also one that surpass-
ed' his contenipoiaries in tite (jjgnity of ilia fntlier,
(for he waa the sun of Kleazar thchigli priest,
and the grandson of [Aaron] Mosea's brother,)
who was greatly troubled at what was done by
Zimri, resolv(;d in eariir!<l io inllict punishment
on him, before his unworthy behavior should
grow stronger by impunity: and in order to prer
vent ihia transgression froili proceeding further,
which would happen if the ringleaders were not
Eunished. He waa of so great magnanimity,
oth in strength of mind and body, that when
be undertook any very dangerous attempt, he
did ndt leave it oif till he overrame it, and gotun
entire victory : ao he came into Ziniri 's tent, and
slew him with, his javelin; and with it he slew
Coibi also. Upon which all those young men
that had a regard to virtue, and aimed to do a
riprious action, imitated I'hineas's bolilnesa; and
ricw those that were found to be guilty^f the
same crime with Zimri. - Accordingly, many of
* The mlatake in all Joaephns'a copies, Greek and lia-
>in, which have here 14,1110 instead of S 1,000, is so fla-
pant, that our very learned editors, Rernurd and Hud-
•on, have put thelalter nnnllicr directly into th£'teiit.
I cfaooae rather to nut it in brackets. .
those that had transgressed pcriahed by th«
muitnaiiimoua valor ul these young men: the
rot all perished by a plague, which diatemper
(iud himself inllicled upon them; ao that all
those their kindred, who, inatcad of hindering
theni from auch wicked actiona, aa they ought
to ha\ e done, had persuaded them to go on, were
esleeiiied by Ubd aa partners in their Wicked-
nt sa, and -died. Accordingly, there perished out
of llie army no fewer than fourteen [twenty-four]
thousand at that t!nie.<* •
13. This war the cause why Moses was provo-
ked to send an' army to destroy the Midianites;
concerning which expedition we shall speak pre*
sently, when we have first related what we have
omitted; for it is but just not <to pasa over our'
kgislator'a due encomium, on account of his con-
duct here, because, although this Balaam, wKb
was sent for by the Midianites to curse the He-
bretvfi, and when he waa hindered from doing it
by divine Providence, did atill suggest |hat ad-
vice to them, by making iiae of which bur ene-
mies had well nigh corrupted the whole multitude
of the Hebrews with their wile^, till aonie of
them were deeply infcq^^ with their opiniona,
vet did he do him gri^t 6'tthor, by setting down
liis prophecies in writingr" And while it was in
his power to claim this glory to himself, and
make men believe they were hia own predictions, _
there being no one that could be a witness agaiiist
hiiii, and accuse him for so doin^ , he stillgave
hia atteatulion lo him, and did him the' honor to
^lakc mention iif Ilim on tliia account. But let'
every on« think of these matteN aa he picaaes.
CHAP. VII.
tlovD tht Hthreva fought leilh the Midianitti,
and overcame them.
1 1. Now Moses sent an army against the land of
Midlan, for the causes forenientiuncd, in all twelve
thouaand, taking an equal number out of every
tribe, Knd appointed Pnineaa for their command
er, of which I'hineaa we made mention a Jitfle
Hcfore, as he that hild guarded the laws of the
Hebrews, and had inflirtcd punishment tipon
Zimri when he had transgressed them. Now the
Midianites perceiving beforehand how the He-
brews were coming, and would suddenly be upon
them, tliey assembled their army together, and
fortified the entrances info their country, and
there awaited the enemy's coming. When they
were come, and they had joined battle with them,
an immense number, of the Midianites fell, nor
could they be numbered they were so very many ; '
and among them fell all their kings, five in num-
ber, viz: Kvi, Zur, Reba, Hur, and Rekein, who
was of the same name with a city, the chief and
capitulof all Arcbia, which is till now .ao called by ,
the whole Ai-abian nation, ' Arecem,' froiii the
napie of the king that built it, but is by the
Greek's called ' Petra.' Now when the enemies
were disgoialited, tlie Hebrews spoiled theircoun-
try, and l^k a great prey, and destroyed the
men that wctre its inhabitants, together with the
women; only thev let the virgins alone, aa Moses
had commanded Phineas to do, whoimleed came
back bringing with liim an army that had receiv-
ed no luirin, and a great deal of prc;y : fifty-two
thousand beeves, seventy-five thousand aix hun-
dred sheep, sixty thousand asses, /with an im-
mense quantity of ^old and silver furniture,
^ which the Midianites made use of in their houses;
j forithey were so wealthy, that they were very
luxurious. There were also led captive about
thirty-two thousand virgins.f So Moses «livided
t The slauithtGr of all the Midianlte women that had .
, prostituted themselves tu the lewd !sraeliteB,aiid the pre-
i aervntion of thceethnt had not h««n (uilty therein; the
last of which were no fewer than :<3.000, both here and
, Nam, lixi. 15.16. 17. 35, tO, 40. and both by the partltu.
•
L
#
'W^
r
ihcd by th*
IK men : the
M clitteinper
•o that all
of hindering
I thi^y bu^ht
:> f,a on, were
heir iviclied-
perithed out
'twenty-four]
•
!s was prOTO'
: Midianites;
>ll >pcak prcr
that we iiave
pass over our'
nt of his con-
llalaani, wlA>.
urge the He-
from doing it
;f^c8t |bat au-
iich bur ene-
lole multitude
till aonie of
icir opinion!,
(letting down
hilo it wa'i iii
himself, and
n predictions, _
'itness.agaihst '
he stillgave
the' honor to
lunt. But let'
I he pleases.
! JUidianitti,
list the land of x
1,inall twelve
out of every
cir command
ntion a Jitfle
e laws of the
iliment upon
m. Now the
how the He-
ilenly be upon
together, and
country, and
When they
lie with them, '
liies fell, nor
!o very many; ■
, five in nunl-
Rebrm, who
the chief and
w so called by ,
im,' from the
ut is by the
I the enemiei
ed thoircouno
Instrpyed the
ther with the
one, as Moses
) iiuleed came
It tiad receiv-
rcjy: lifly-two
sjknd six bun-
/with an im-
er furnilui-f,
their houses ;
By were very
captive about
Kloses divided
'Omen that hid .
itei,aiidthepre-
ilty therein; tb«
I, both here and
byth«p«rtlta.
the prey into parts, and gave one-fiAielh paA to
Kleaxar and (nc two priests, and nnrithir fiAi^tli
part to the lai villa; ajid distriliuird lh<t nut of
the prey iiiiionjj; iIik people. Alter which they
bOOK IVZ-CHAP. VIII,
110
lived ha|Miily, iis havinf; 'obtaini'il an iiliuiidanc'e
of n^ood things by their valor, and there briiiK
no minfortune thaCnltended Iheni, or hinilureu
their enjoviiient of that linppinrts.
2. liu't I'losrs was now grown idil, niul appoint-
ed Joshua for his successor, botli to ri'r«:ive ili-
rertlons from (<od as a prophet, and fr>r a com-
iiiandcr of the army, if they^aliould at any lime
«tnnd in nei'il of such nunc; anil thiii wos dune
by the coiiiinand of God, that to him llie cure of
the public shuulil be coiiiniitted. JNotv 'Joshua
bad lieeu iuKlruct^d in all tlioHe ktndii of leurn:
. mg which oni'ciiiiiMl (he laws and (jod himself,
and iMosef had been his instriicler.
3. At this (iine it was that the two tribes of
GhkI and Reuliel, and the half tribe of Milnaaschr
uliui^niled inn innlliluile of cuttle, as nelt iis in
all vther kinds of prosperity, whence tliey hnd a
meeting, and cnuie in a body, and besought Moses
to give thtni, us •lieii' peculiar portion, that hind
uf the''Aiuoriie» wluch the^ hud tiiken by right
of wari because it wiis fruitful and ^oud for feed-
ing of cattle, li^ Moses, supposing th()t they
were afraid of Imiting with the. Canaanilcs, nml
invented this uMvision for thi'i' cattle as n hnnd-
lioiiie excuse inr avoiding that war, called theiu
arrant cowards; and said, "That they only con-
trived a decent excuse for that cowkniice, and
that they had a mind to live in luxury and ease,
while all the rest were laboring with great pains
to obtmn the land they were desirous to nave,
and that thry were not willing to march along,
and undergo the remaining hard service, where-
by they were, under the (tivine promise, to pau
over Jordan, und overcome those our eiiciiiies
which Ciod hnd showed them, and so obtain their
land," But these, tribes, when they saw that Mu-
ses Was angry with them, and when they could
not den}' but ne hail a just cause to be displeased
.\l their petition, niaje an apology for them-
'tlves: and said, "that it was not* on account of
their fear of dMgers, nor on account of their
laziness, tbat they made this request to him, but
tliivt they might leave the prey titey had gotten
in places of saft^ty, apd thereby might be more
expedite, and ready to undergo diflirulties, and
to £ght bnttk'S." They added this also, that
" when they hud built cities, wherein they might
preserve their children, and wives, and posses-
sions, if he would bestow them upon them, they
would go along ivith the rest of the army." Here-
upon Moses was pleased with what they said:' so
he called for Elei«.ir the high priest, niid Joshua,
and the chief of the tribes, and permitted these
tribes to possess the land of the Amorites; but
upon this conditicyi, that they should Join with
their kinsmen in the war, until all things were
settled. Upon which condition they tnuk posses-
sion of the country, and built them strong cities,
and put into them their children, and their wives,
and whatsoever else they had that might be an
impediment to the labors of their future marches.
4. Moses also now built those ten cities, which
were to be of the nijinber Of the forty-eight [for
lar commiind of <>od, are hiihly reninrlcniilc; niiil show,
tliateveniti nations otherwise for their wickedness (loo-
med to destruction, the innorcnt were soiiictuiics par-
ticularly and nrovidenlindy taken rare of, and deliver-
ed from that ilesiriirtlnii; which directly iiniilie-i, Hint it
was the wirkednesa of tlie iintiqns of Canaan, niid no-
IhiniJelse, tliiitorrasiaiicd llieir ^'xcislou. HeeGnn. xv.
ir>; 1 ^nni. xv. f, 3;i. C'onstit. \|ios. Ii. vlii. clinp. xii.
p. 403. In the first of whi'h places, the reason of the
delay of tliiipiiiiisliiiiont of tlie Ainnriteaisi'lren, be-
cause their ' inii|i|i'y wns not yet full.' In tie second,
Saul is ordered to jo oiid 'destroy the sinners, tlie
Amalekiteg,' pJninlv iniplyiiif;, that tliev were there-
fore to lie df^stroyed because, they were sinners, and
not otherwisi;. In the third, the irensnn is given, why
king Agag was not to be spared, viz. because of bii for-'
the l-evites;} three of which he allotted to ihoM
that tiew any ficrson' involuntarily, and lied to
theiii; and he nsiigned the same time for their
biinii-hment ivilh that of the life of that high
priest under whom the slanijhlrr ami Might hap-
liened, after which death ol the high priest, he
permitted the slayer to return home. Jiiiring
the time of his exile, tlie relaliuns of him that
was sluin may, by this law, kill the manslayer,
if they caught him without the bounds uf the city
to- which he lied, thoggh this peri<ii»»iQn wns not
granieil Itf any other jierHoii. Now the cities
which weie set apart fur this (light «. re these;
lieier, at the bonrers of Arabia; KhuioiIi uf the
landof (iilead; and(!ulnn, in the land uf Kiuhan.
There werp to be uIko. '))y Moses's cnmmand,
three other cities allotted for the hnbitalioii of
these fugitives out of the citieh of theLe\ites,
but not till after they sliould be in possession of
'the-land of Canaan.,
a. At this time the c|iief men of the tribe of
Mannsseh came to Moses, and informed him, that
there was an eminent man of their'tribc drad,
whose name was ' Zeloplieliad,' who leit no male,
children, but left daughters, and asked himi
Whether these dnuglitecs^might iuherif Ids land
or not7 He made this an'sweijl'l'hat if they shall
iiiarry into their own tribe, (hi-y-sriHil cany their
estate along with thcin; but if they dispo^o of
tiieuiselves in iiuirriage to men of niinther tfibe,
they shall leave their inHeritauce in tlieir father'!
tribe. And then It was that Moses ordained, that
every one's inheritance should continue iu bit
own tribe.
CHAP. VIII.
Tke Polity, ttttkd by Moses; and A«ti) he dituf-
ftared from limong Mankind-
} 1. .WntlN. forty years were completed, within
thirty days, Moses gnlliereit the congregation to-
gcthet' near Jordan, where ti.e city .Abila now
standi, B place full of pulm-tree*; and iiU the
people being come together, he spoke thui to
theiii:
2. " O you Israelites and fellow-soldiers! who
havoitii^ partners with hie |u this loii^ and un-
ea^^Wjrney; since it is now the will of God,
^dKui^burse of old age, at a hundred .iind tweif
t^lPfiquires i(, that 1 shouhl depart out of this -
lifif; and since God has forbidden me to be a pa-
tron or an assistant to you in what remains to be
tmnc beyond Jonlan, I thought it reasonable not
to leave off my endeavors even now for your
happiness, but to do my utmost to procure for
you the eternal enjoyment of good things, end •
memorial for mfself, when you shall be in the
fruition, of great plenty and prqs|ierity: come,
therefore, let me siiggett to you by what nieani
you may be hippy , eud may leave an eterhal
prosperous possession thereof to yobr children
after you; and then let iiic thus go out of the
tyorld: and I. cUpnot but. deserve to be believed
by you,, both on account of the great things I
have already done for you, and because wbcn
souls arc about to leave the bo'ly, they speak
with the sincerest freedom. O children of Isra-
el! Ihrrfis but one source cf happintstjbr utt
mankind, thk fXvor ok God;* lor he alone it
nier crucIty^'n8 thy sword hnllr made (the Hebrew)
women childless, so shall tliy mother be made childlen
nmonK women by the Hebrews.' Intlu; fast plure, the
apostles, or their ainnnuciisit, t'lenieiit,i;ave this rea-
son for the necessity of the lOiiiiuR of Christ, that ' inen
bad formerly perverted both the positive law, and that
of nature, and had cast out of their mind the memory of
the tinod, (lie burnbiK of .'^'oduin, the plaxuea of the
RKyptians, and theclnuuhter ofthe inbaDitanUufFalea-
tine,' as sIkiis of most auinzniK iinpenitenre and in-
sensibility, under the punishnieuta of horrid wicked-
ness.
* Josephiis here, in (his one sen(ence, luins up hli no-
tion ofMoscs's very lonz and very serious exhortation in
the honk of neiii.: .■■iirt his words areiio tni^ andof ineh
\
importance, that they deserve to be liad in
tw
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
'',^b|«i to(lv« (ood thjngi to thoie that (lc«erve
lK«ni, and ■■ to ilepriva thotn of them thwt tin
•gaintt him; towtrdt Whoiii, if you t)«h«VL' your-
mIvc* ■caordiiiK to hia will, aiid accordiiifr (a
tvhiit I, who well ondrrttuiid hit niii)d, do cxliort
you tOdo,you willbothi)e<.'a'te'«iiie<l bleucd.Hml
will be admired by all men; and will nrver r.uiue
into niiirortunea, nor ceaae to be happy : you will
then ureterve the pouemion of the good tbingi
you already havet and will quickly uliluin tho»«
that you at prcunt a're in wunt of; only du you
be obrdient to thnie whom God would have you
. to follow. Nor- do you prefer any other conilitu-
tion of ^oTernment before the fawi now civen
you ; neither do you disreprd that way of divine
womhiii which you now have, nor change it for
any other form; and if you do thit,.you will be
the niiiU courageoui of nil men, in underj^oing
the fatieuei'of war, and will not be eatily con-
ijuerttd by aniC of your eneniiesvfor while tied
II present with you to aaiiiit you, it it to. be ei-
pected that you will be able to detpiie the oppo-
titfain of all mankind; andgrentreivardii of virtue
are propoaed for you, if you preter>-e that virtue
through your whole livet. Virtue ittelf it imUtd
the priacipal'andthe firtt reward, and after tlwf
It beitowf abundance of othcrt; to that your eli-
•rcjte of virtue towards other men will make
your own livet happy, and render yoii more glo-
riout than forcignert can^be, and procure yo(i un
undiapiited rtputntion with poiterit^. Tbeae
bleitingt you will be able to obtain, in case you
hearken to and obtervc thnae lawt. which, by <li-
vine revelation, I have ordained for you; that is,
ID caie ^ou withal meditate upon the wisdom
that it in them. | am gdfiig from you'myself,
rejoicing In. the good things you enjoy; ami 1
,. recoiniuejnd yon to the wise conduct uf-yi '■""'
to the becoming Order Of your polity, ai
Tirtue* of your coniAiaitdert, who ml|^
of what it for your advantage; and that<l]V|H|lb
hat been tilt, now your leader, ahd by wh^te e^d-
will I h>T«6mytelf been useful to y«if, w0l not
pnt a period noiv to hit providence oVir you, but
aa long at yon detire to nive him yoiir protector,
in your pursuits after r,irtiie,. to (onf will you en-
jov bit care over yotij . Vour high priest, also,
, ^feator, at well at ioAifn, with the senate, and
chief of your tribet, vnll go before you, and sug-
gett the belt advices to 3(,ou': by following whicli
advices you will continue to be happy; to whom
do you give ear without. reluctance, as sensible
that all such at know well how to be governed, will
also know how to govern, if they be promoted to
that authority themselves. And do not you es-
teem lib^rjy to, consist in opposing such direc-
tions as i^ourgovernors think fit to give you for
SI your practice, at at present indeea you placie
your liberty in nothing else but abusing your be-
nefactors: which error if you can avoid for the
time to come, ybur aflkirs will be in a better con-
dition than they have hitherto been: nor do you
ever indulge lutib a degree of patsion in these
. matters, as you have oftentimes done when you
have been very angry with me; for you know
that I have been oftener in danger of (featn from
you than from our enemies. What I now put
you in mind of, is not done in order to reproach
you, for I do not think it proper, now I am going
out of the world, to bring this to your remem-
brance, in order to leave you offended at^me,
since at the time when I ui^derwcnt those hard-
ships from you, I was not aiigry at you, but I do
It in order to make you wiser hereafter; and to
teach you that this will be for your security ; It
. mean, that you never be injuriou«,to those tha.t
|jreside over you, even when yoii 'Sc^^come
rich, ai you will be to a great dcgr^^jMlB you
■' ■ ■ -,"i
rMMmbranee both by Jews and Christians: "O '.hildren
oi' laraell there it but one source of bappincst for all
- — ij Mii kin di t h e flt v o r pf C te d.'* — — — —
have passed over Jordan, and arein posieHionof
the land uf Canaun. Since, when you ihall have
once proceeded to far by your Wealth, at to K
contempt and disregard, of virtue, ybQwitl.alto
forfeit the favor of (Jod; and whsMQou havo .
made hjni your enemy, you will.be be*nW in war;
and will have the land which you puaiett taken
awuy again, from you by your eneiuici, and this
with great reproachet.itpun your conduct. You
will be tcattered over the whole world, and will
at alavit, entirely fill both tea and land; and
when once you have had tKe experience of what
I now say, you will repent, and remember the
laws you have broken, when it it too late.
Whence I would' advise you, if you intend to
preserve these lawt, to leave none of your ene-
mies alive when you have conqucfed them, but
to look upon it as for your advantage to destroy
them nil, lest, if you 'per(iiit them to live, you
taste of their inaniicn, and. thereby corrupt your
own proper inttitutiont. I also do farther exhort
you to overthrow their, altars, and their groves,
and U'hutsoever temples they linve among them,
and to burn all such, their nation and theit very
iiidiiory, with lire, for by this means alone the
safrty of your own happy constitution can ba
firmly secured to you. And in order to prevant
your ignoraiioe of virtue, and the degeneracy of ~
vour nature into vice, I have #ilso ordained ydU
laws, by^div iiie sMggestioii, anil a forni of govern^ j
meat, which are so ^ooc|, that if you regularly /
observe them, you Will be esteemed of all men l
the most happy." .
3. When he had snoken thus, he gave them the
laws and the constitution ofCo.vcriimeiit, writ-
ten in a book. Upon which the people fell into
tears, and appeared already touched with the
sense that they tiiould have a great want of their
ci^iidiictor, beca^ali they remembered what a
luiitiber j)f dangers he hud passed thirough, and
what care he had taken of their preserTatloo ;
they, drs|)ohded^ about wh^t would come upon
them (Cfter^fhe was dead, and thought they thoidil
never have another governor Kke him; ahd ftur-
ed that God would then take less care of them
when Motet was gone, who uaed to intercede for
th^tth. They also repented of what they had
said to him in the wilderness when they were
angry, and were in grief on those accounts, into-
much, that the whole body of the people fell into
tears with siich bitterness, that it was past the ^
pawer of w6n!s to comfort them in their affile- ^'■
IJ^n. However Moses gave them tome consola- ^
tion, and by calling them off the thought, bow
wonhy he wa? of their weeping for him, be ex-
horted theni to keep that form of government he
had given them: and then the congregation was
dissolved at that time.
4. Accordingly, I thall now first describe this
form of governalent, which Was agreeable to the
dignity and virtue of Motet; and thall thereby
inionii those that read these antiquities what our
orlgiiiiil settlements were, and shall then pro-
ceed to the remaining histories. Now those set-
tlements are still in writing,. as he left them; and
we shall add nothing by way of ornament, nor
any thing besides what Moses left mt, only* we
shall so far innovate as to digest the several kinds
of jaws into a regular system, for they were by
hini' left in writing as they were accidentallr
scattered in their delivery, and as he upon inqui-
ry had learned them of Cjfod. On which account
I have thoiight it necessary to premise this ob-
servatton beforehand, lest any of my 6wn coun-
trymen shoAld blaiiie nie, as having been guilty
of an offence herein. Now part of our constitu-
tion will include the laws that belong to our poli-
tical state. As for those laws whicn Moses left
coiicerbing our common conversation and inter-
course one with another, I have reserved that
for a discourse concerning our manner of life,
and the o ccasions of those laws which I propose
■^■\ .;
to wyuir. with God'i anlatante, to wfitc, aA^r I
na»e flnialird lh« wort I am now upon.
*• WU>n >ou have nnai«ai< (I yiiiir»i'lvri of the
lanil ol (,'ttuaan, aild liavc leiaure In eiijuy thii
Sood thin);t of it, aotl *l|cn vou, liavu uHrnvuiri
Bltriiimtd to build citi<«, if jaii will do what i*
- pliiuaini; to Ood, you will li»v« a accure alate of
hamiintaa. J,et tl>er« lit tlii-ii one city of the land
of Canaan, and thiimluate in th« moat ngrrcnble
place fur ita goodi^a*, nnd viry cniiii<>nl in ila«lf,
!"*• .; . ^^"'' '*''''■'' ^'""^ •^''" chooae lor
^iniaeir l»y prophrtio rnireliitioii. lyetlhrwalaii^
h« wie. lonipla ihertin. and ofi« iillar, noliSared
of Ijewii tlonra, but of aiich a» you irather loRe-
th«r at random: which alonea, wlien they arc
Wliited over with niortnr,- will have a hiimUauifl
anpearance, and be beautiful to the aiirht. I,et
the aari nt to it bo not by at. pa,» but by an uctli-
Yity of riiard earth. Ahd letthcre be neilheran
altar, nor a temple in any other city; f.ir Cod ia
but one, and the nation of the I tebrrira ia but one.
J ,"•'''«' '"'I''"""**'' ^ioJ. I<1 him be atoned,
■nd let hMii lian^ upon a tree all that d/iy, and
♦hen l«t Ttini bo buried in an ignoininibua and
obscure iiuinncr.
7. Let ifioan that liveitia remote aa the buultda
Of the land which the llebnwa ahull poaseia,
oome to that city where Oiftj^niplo afiall be, uud
tela three timea in a y«ar, that thi'y may irive
thaoki to Oud for hi» former benehta, and may
entreat him for those they ahall want hereafter;
MU let them by thia nicana mainUin a friendly
Corr*a|ondence with one aiiothlfer, by such meet-
•"5" "F feSKtinSi together; for it ia agood thine
for tlloae that are ol the same stock, and uoder
the same institution of laws, not to be uuac-
qiiainted with each other; which acquaiiitHiiCe
Will be maintained by thus conversing together,
■nd by seeing and talking with one another, ahd
» renewing the memorials of this union : f,>r if
they do not thua^Cmiverae ^ogetheif ccjiitiiiuftlly,
they will appeir like mere strangers to one
■nather. .
8. Let there be taken out of your fruits a tenth,
beaidestliatwhich you have allotted to the priests
•nd Uvltes.'»iThis you may indeed sell in the
Cbuijtry, but it is to be used in these feasts and
Ucrificts that are to be celebrated in the holy
city ; for it is fit that you should enjoy thoac
fruits of ^e earth which God gives you'to pus-
MM, so as uiay be to the honor of the dunor.
9. You are not to oiler sacrifices out 01 the hire
6f ft woman whicn Is, a narioi,t lor tin; Deity is
not pleased with any thing tbatariaes from such
fbuses of naturg-; of ,J»fcf*h sort nono can be
Worse than this prostitmion of the bo<ly ; In like
nannvr, no one may take the price of the cover-
ing of a bitch, either of one that is used in huat-
♦ Thia law, both hern ajid Eiod. n.25, 36, ofnot ao
Ing up to Goil-aaltar 'hy I&kr steps,' hut on nn arcllvity,
weiiis not^to Live heloiiKed'to the itltar of the liihcrna-
eie, wlilch wak in all l<ut three cuhils hlull, Eioil. xxvii
1, nor to tl'at of Ezekiel, wliirli waa exprcs.i|y to lie none
■ptol.y stejw.xllil. 17, iiitralher to occasional altara
or any ronsuleralile altitude and lareeticss; us ali<o iiro-
Ijal'ly to Solomon'u ulur, lo wliirh it is here aiinlied l.v
Jaacphus, aa well aalo that in Zorblmliers ami licrod^
Mmple, whieh were^ 1 think, idl ten rql.lts hiali. 8et»2
Chron. iv. 1. and Aiitlq. B. viiiicli. lii. sect. 7. The rea-
■on why these temples, and these only; were to (lave
tins ascent on an acrli»itjr, and not l/y rtcps. ia ohvious.
tliat liefore the invention of stairs, aiirli na we now uae
derenry couW not be otherwise provided for in the loose
gariiieiiln which tie prieutswore, aa the law rrauired
BW! Laniy of tl e Ta'crnarle and Temple, p. U4
t riie hire of pnlilic or secret harloia waa rlveii to
VeiiUB In Syria, r.a l.urinn informj; ua, p. 8:8. and
ualiisraoino aurh vil« prartire of theUd idolaters tliin
tow aecnia to lia^e l*eii made.
lTheApoatoli<-ftlCoiiuitiitiotn,B.il.ehap.xivi.Met
», expound ttalf law oi Moset, Exod. xxii.US, Mhoa
■Mlt not revile or lilaaplieine the «od«,' or magiatrnler
WWrh ia a mueh more proimMe eiipdaition than thiabr
aS ' " i? 's.?^ h — ' I MB god B ,M h e r > ,«ad agri ii n AnlOD,
••ii.ch.lU.iact.4. r 1
Book i^.— CHAP, vin
01
lo'tJoir '" '"'''''"* "'''••«P. •»d thenee laeriflM
^10. I.e,t no one btaaphrme those goda which
other rltie, esteem „i,lm| nor may any one ste.!
ihlitil ."."? •"•'TK''' ""'pl-. nor take away
the gUi, that an- derlicated to'^any rod.
qiade ..f wo.dlen and linen, for that ia appointed
10 be (or the iiriesta alone. ' •~""™
■_.'?'.i^'i''",- ","'"l''""'«"'''' ""•"■""bled together
inlO-the holy^clty fof aacrilicing every afventh
year, at the fea»t of tabernacle*, le: the MrK
prie, atam upon a high desk, whence he nravL
hear, , ami let him rea^ the laws toall lhepe„,fle;«
and let neither the wom»-n nw the children be
hin<leFe.l_from hearing, no .nor the Senanta
neither; for it is a poo(l thing that those. I.wi
should he engraven in their souls, an■^pleae*Ted
I" u .V'""""','' '•"" "" '" ""y "»< l>'- I'oNible
to hlot then, out ; U bv thia meana they will 4iot be
giiilly of sill when they cannot plead ignoranc.
of what the laws have enjoined tWrn. ^'h* I,*r,
also rt III have a great authority among then,; a*
foretelling what they will s.illir if they briik
them; and imprii g in their souls by this hear-
ing what they command then, lo do, tliat so there
may always t,c within their minds that attention
to he laws which they have despi.ed ami broken,
and have thereby been the cause, of their ow»
m.,ch.ef Let the children also learn the lawa!
as the first thing they are taught, which will be
the best thing, they can be taught, and will be
the cause of their future felicity. "
.1 ''; ''*< •'»*7.'"'e commemorate before God.
he benefit, wluch he bestowed upon ihem lit
their deliverance out of the^ lancl ol* Kgypi, and
this twice every day ; both when tBe d/y'tegin,.
and when tlw hour of sleep come, on, gratitude
being in Its own nature a juM thing, anJ servinr
not only, by way ol rctiifn for past, but alw by
W4y of invitation of future favors. They ara
fcl*o to inscribe the principal Wessmg, they ha»e
received from God u|H,n tl«ir cteors, anj ,hoW
the ,ame rcmembrar^.r of them on their arm*:
aa also the.y-i,re tc 'jtaron their forehead, and
tlieir iirni, t lose Wonder, which declare the
ir^TV."..^'"''^!"' •>!« e""""-"-'!! toward, them,
mat Gods readiness lo bless them may apnear
• very where conspicuous about them. I '^'
14. Let there be seven men to judge in eyerr
my , 1 wd there such as have been before mott
lealoo.mthe exercise, of virtue and righteous,
nesa. , Let every judge have two officer, allotted
him put of the tribe of Levi. Let thoae that are
chosen to jii.lge in the several cities be had in
great honor ^.and let none be permitted to revile
any others when these are present, nor lo carrr
tnemselves in an insolent manner to^eiii, it
« What hook of the law was thus puhlielv read, aee
thc^note on Amiq. B. x. ch. v. sect. 5; and I Ead.li. .
11 »'l)elherthescphylarleriea,Bndother Jewiahmemi
«w. (!_e»idea the frinies on the l,orders-of their inrnienti .
lion. Ihatll.cy hove hern lqn« olwrvcdi.y il.e Pharii
wfea and the rald.iniral Jewl i, rertain; however iK
Karaites, vvhorerelvq not the unwritten traditions of
the elders. I,.il keep rlo« lo the written Inw^w h J«..
onie a,„ OroiluMhink they were not liiernlly to Iw un-
deratood, as Bernard and Itchniil l.ern lake notice Not
indeed do I rememhcr thai either in the more nock^nl
books of the Old Tesfaineiit, or in the book, wj X
•Aporrypha,' there are any ai;;ns ofauch literal o£
reryations n,,peariii|| Hniongr the Jew*, tlioush their
real or mystical .i^inifirntion. i. e. tlii con«ant rl;
meiphrniire and observation of- llie law, of (iod hr "
Moms, be frequently inculcated in all the Mpred wtl-
^iT Here as well as elMwhcro, aect. 38:of hia Life ma.
14; and of the War, B. li. rh. xi. Met. 5, are hut ;^
Jndxea appointed tor Bmall citiea^instead of twenS-
inrwi..in me moilurn r a hl i lns; which mode r n r a bW i M
4«
•V
^*?
'It ,^
92
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
being niitar»l, ihtl reTeMrtce towirdi ihou in
hiftli offirci anwni; in«n •hnulil prncurc mrn'ii
ieiir uhd rrvnriiicr (owiiriU (iud. Lvt (huw ttiul
JutllC l>« (KTiiiitleil tp tliteriuiiiii a('Conliii|( ■•
thity think lo br riKht, unirn anr onn can •how
tbot Ihey have takvn bribri, lo the pArVeniuii of
jh|itic«, of can iill«|{« any ollivr accniat'iun agniniil
th«iu, whfrihy it innjr a|)|H:nr thry ha»r |ih»«imI
an uiijiiHI nvntence; fur it ii nut fit that cbiim'*
thould h« openly tirterinineil out of rtf(ard to
Siin, or to the diniiiiy of the luilen, but that
e'judKvi ahdnid etltrm what ia right before
•tl other thingfi, ntherwiie (<o(l wMl bjr that
meana be ilriiiiiicil, anil iteenicil inferior to
thow, the dread of whoae poitrr haa occatlonrd
tbe unjiut aentriire; for jiintice la the power of
God. lie thervforn that grnliliea thoie in'greut
dlRnitv, auiipoaea them more potent than ()od
hilnnelr. But if these jildgeii are,unable to (jive
B juHt sentence about the oiuars that come botore
them, (which case is not unfrequeiit i;i human
■fliiira,) let theiu jieiiil tlie cause undetermined to
thu holy city, and there lei the high prieat, the
prenhet, and the Sanhedrim, determina Ǥ it
■hall seem good to them.
15. But let not a single witness be credited,
but three, or two at the least, hiicI those such
whoiie testimony it confirmed by their good lives-
Bat let nut the testimony pf women be admiltedt
on account of their levity ami boliliirss of their
Mt.* \Nor. let arrvaiiti be admitted to give tes-
timony, on account of the ignobility of their
■pul; since it ia probable that they- may not
•peak truth, cither out of hope of gain, or fear
.- of punishment. Hut if any one he believed to
bsivc borne fulse wilncns, let litni, wljen he is
•• ^ convicted, suffer all.the very same punishments
which he, agaiastffvhom he. bare witness, was to
^jfcaVe suffered. "
■^16. If a murder be committed in Onv place;
and he that did it be not foiind, nor is therifany
•uspicion upon one as if he had hated the man,
and so had killed him, let. there be a very dili-
gent inquiry made aftejt thej man, and rewaritt
proposed to anjr who wiU discover him; but if
•liir no inforniition can be procured, let the ma--
nstrates and aenato of those cities that lie oenr
toe place in which the murder was committed,
aisembic together, and measure the distanrJe
from the place where the dead body lies; then
let the magistrates of the i^earest city thereto
purchase a. heifer, and bring it to a vullev, and
to a place therein wljere there is no land pfougjl-
ed, or tree^ plaiilcd, and let them cut the sinews
ofthehcn'ci't and the pricitts and Leyites, and
the <enn(e of that city, shall take water and
wash tlieir hamis over the liead of the heifer,
• and they shull or-^nU/Meclare that their hands
are innocent of t)ii« murder, and that they have
neither done it themselves, nor been assisting to
any that did it. They shall also beseech God to
be merciful to them, that no snch horrid tiftt may
aov more be done in that land.
. IT. Aristocracy, and the way of living under it,
if tHe best constitution; and may ydu never have
an inclination to any other form of government;
and may yoii always love that foriii, and have
tbe laws for your governors, and govern all your
actions ncco'rciing to them ; for ^ou need no so-
' preme governor but God. But if you shall de-
, aire a king, let him be one of your own nation;
let him be always careful of justice, and other
virtues, perpetuiilly; let him submit to the latvt,
and esteem God'a commands to be his highest
wisdom; but let him do nothing withont the hieh
priest, and the vote* of the senators: let liiin
not have a great number of wives, nor pursue
abundance of riches, nor a multitude of norics,
— * I have n eve r uHe rT ftde h e i v he r e th a t, i n the Jewish
gorerninent wom'n were not admitted as leitnl Wit-
nesaei in courts of juitice. None of our copiei of Uie
whereby he may crow too proud to subinll lo
the laws. Anrl if he aflkct.any such things, l«t
hint be reitriiined, |<>«t he'Reroine «o potem that
his Mate be incoasiptent with your welfal'i/.
18. Let it not be esteemed lawful {n-jtrtaor*
boundaries, neither our own, nor of IhAe with
whom we are at peace. Have a care yoJ do not
lake thoiie liinilmarks away, which are, as it
,were, a divine and unsjiakcu limitaliop if rights
made by God hiinselC lo'lasl for ever, since this
l^oing beyond limits, and gaining groaod upon
tilh'rnk, is the ocrai|Ui^ of wars and seditions; for
those that reniijve;' boundaries are nor far off ao
allempt to subvert the laws. / -
19. He that plants a piece of land whose trees
produce fruits before the fourth yeiw, is not to
bring thence any first fruits to (3od, lior is he to
make use of that fruit himself, for iV it not pro-
dureil in its proper season; for whriif nature has
a force put upon her at an Unseauinable lime,_
the fruit is not proper for God, nnr for the mas-'
ter's use;but let the owner gather all that is
frown on the fouith year, for then it is in its
prujier season. And let him that has gathered it,
carry it to the holy city, and spend that, lo;;<'ther
with the tithe of bis oincr fruits, jfn feasting with
his friends,, with the orphans ahd the widows.
But on the fifth year the fruit is Aii*. own, and be
mair use it as he pleases. /
m. You are not to sow a piece of la nd wilb
seed which is plantedjiittrtliies, lor it is enough
that it supply nasfflSfiment to mat plant, and ba
not harassed by pl()iigbing also, you are to
plough your land with oxen;/and not In oblige
other nniniuls to come under /he same yoke with
them; but to till yourluml with those beswtt Ibat
are of the same kind \\it\j each other, itb*
seeds are also to be pure,, iintt wllho«t ini^Mk.
and not to be com jmunded of twO^Or thrcCilortt,
since nature does not rejaice in the union of
things that are not in thriWown nature alike; nor
arc yoQ to permit beasts /of dill'ercnt kinds to
gender to);ether; for thert* is reason to fear that
this unnatural abuse niaj/ extend I'roin beasts of
different kinds to men, tnougb it take* its fint
rise from the evil pracuces about such smaller
tilings. Nor is any thing to be allowed, by imi-
tation whereof any defcree of subversion may
creep into the ronstitulion. Nor do thf laws
neglect small matter«l but provide that even
those may be mana|/ed after an unblamable
manner.
21. Let not those tMat reap, and gaUl^Tlir the
corn that is reaped i Bather in the gleanings also;
but let them rathew leave some handfuls for
those that are in wnt-of the necessaries of life,
that it mar be a support and a supply to tliem,iB
order to tneir subsistence. In like niannerwhen
they gather th< ir grapes, let them leave some
smaller bunches for tiic poor, and let them paM
over some of the fruits of the olive-tirees, wnen
they gather them, ^nd leave them to be partaken
of by thoso that rave none of their own; for the
advantage nrisirit from the exact collection of
all. will not be sa considerable to the owners as
will arise fi'Om the gratitude of the poor. And
God will provide, that the land shall inore will-
ingly pronuce What shall be for the nourishment
ofits fruits, in case you do notnierely take care
of your own anvantage, but have regard to the
support of othfefs also. Nor are you to niuzzle
the mouths of/the oxen, wheiithicy tread the ears
of corn in thfifthrashing-Aaor; for it is not just to
rcKtrain our fellow-laboring nninialt, and thole
that work injbrder to its production^ of this fruit
of their labours. Nor are you to prohibit those
that pass by at the time when your fruits are
ripe to tonob tbem, but to give them leave to fill
?t:?
'T -.
P eni aten r lia a ya w u ril of l t. ft Is v e iy p i u ti ahle, huwe y -
er. ilial tliis jivaa the exnosiiion of tlie Scrilies and Pliarl'
•eca and tha practieaoftlie Jewi In tbe daya of Joaepliua
* '{
m
i«
|kV)K IV -CHAP. Vlfl.
m
ft:?
-r -.
lh<niM!r«* (u\Iq( mIiiI you Imic, ami tin* wh«-
th«r intj li« uraAiir owb country, ur •Iraiijren ,
H otinK gUil or'tb* opporlunily nl' |;ivinK lb«iii
■oiim part of your fruilt when tlii<y iirc ri|H'; but
let it mil hv r*t(«nic<l Uwl'ul fur lliiiii In tarry
any uway . Nor let ihoiti llmt |r«llii'r tliesritpct,
and carry thtin lu the Miurprrau-i, mthliii
thnw whuni Ihayrlnaet froni (tiiliiif; nr^nirni; for
it !• unjiiil, out of CDTv, to hiutlrr ll^iit' that de-
•ir« it, ti> partaka of th<t |;0od thioKi (hat tome
i M
iuto thn wofW; accordiiif^ to (!o(l'i will, and Ihii
whjlD YtiK •«<iy>n U at thi; IumkIiI, and li hattrn-
'11% tiwiiy HI it filraii't (ioil, N,iy, if aonie, out of
baabjfAliuM, art-HuwillinK to touch tlirtn fruitii,
"Inl^iltfni l)« fHWIlfP^il to lukowOf tlimi, 1 niran
t|ioae Ihitt ar«.riH'a>lllc«, aa if they wcra theiii-
M'lvea the owners and lordt, on account of the
klivtr^l ther<! ia brtivrpn th*-™. Nay, fct Ihviu
dcaire men tlfat come front, other counlriea, In
purt'ukc of Iheae tokena of friendthip which God
to be. drciufd aa idly ii)i«nt, which iiny on« out of
kindnvaa coniniunicatea to another, aince (lod
bestowi j)le.nly of )(t>od lldnea on men, iiot only
fof thrni'eU'ea In reap the aifvantngr, but alao to
Sive to othera in u way of fjenerotity; and he fa
eairoua by thia nienfft, tii make known to otiiera
hia peculiar kindneaa to the pitople of larael, and
bow freely he comniuniculea happineaa to thcni,
while .they abundantly rcwmiuniciile, out of t1)etr
rreat auperlluitiea, to even theae fureignera alao.
But fur him that acta contrary to thia law, let him
b* beaten with forty «l.ri|<«a aave one, by the
public rxrctilioner^* let Idni und(T)i;o thia pun-
tahiuent, which ia a nioul iunoniinloua one For a
freeman, und thi« becnnae lie waa audi a alave to
{pain as to lay a blot upon hit own di);nity ,' forjt
It proper for yoiijrho haie had jJui^Mtpefiefinn
of the afllictioiu^Ejrtinimrof thoie in the
wildernf^iiftiriimke provltion for those that are
in tl)/^ke circunittanccii: and while you have
obtained plenty ynuraejvea, lhrouf(b the
rand providence of God, to diatribute of
le tame plentv,byihe like aynipathy,^to tuch
aa ttand in need of i^.^
22. lieaidea tlioic two tithct, which I have
already »aid you are to pay every year, the one
for the I.evitea, the other lor the fealivnla; you
•re to bring every third year, a third tithe to be
diitributed to Ihoac thi^t wantif to ivonien alao
tbat are widowa, and to chil<lren that are or-
phans. But at to the ripe fruita, let them carry
that which iaripefirtlof all unto (he temple; and
when they have bleucd God for that land which
linrc them, and wliich he had fiyr.n them for a
poMeaaloo, when they have aUo otfered those an-
crificea which the law hnH commanded them to
brinff, let them give the iicat-fruita to.the prieata.
But when any one .l^jith <lone tliia, and hath
(he law of M.MrJ, let him entreat Ond (hat h«
will li« aver merciful and gra<:inna to him, and
continue ao tp IM to all the ilebrewa, Imlh K*
preMTvinir the (oud Ihinica which he hath al-
ready given them, and liy adding what it ia ttiH
in bit power to iMatow uffin Iheni.
Xi. I*t tlie llrbreAt innrr) . at the agn fit for
it,virgiiit.tha( are freij^nd burn of good parenM.
And be that doea not jaiarry ii virgin, let nnn not
romipt *n<ilher inaii'a wife, and murry her, nor
grieve her former huiband. Nor let free men
marry tluvea, althiUlgii their aneetton* ihouhl
Itrongly biiia niiy of thetii ao to do ; lor it ia deienii
and for llie di^nil^ if the jierMina theiii>elvra, t>
govern Ihoae tlieir UDertiitna. And l':>rtlitT, no
one ought to marry a harlot; wliow mntrininnial
ohlaliona, lirl>!ng from the iiroalilulioii of hei
Ixyly, (iod will not receive; for by the»e nienna,
the-diapoaitiuna of ihe children will be liberal a|i<l"
jtirtuout; i m«an fvhen they are not borO of In
haa gn(«» ill their proper teiiaon; lor that it not narenli, and ijf the lualful cootunclion of luoh U ■
•" '■'■ ■'"■^- -"' ~- ■•" -'"-' ' hinrry women that ar^ not frei.. If any one bM
been eapnuted to a w6man ai to a virgih, and don
not aflerwani find h«r to to be, let Rim bring hit
action, and accuHe her, and let him ninke ut« of
tuch'indiri|tiont to prove hit accutation at he ra
fnriiiahetl withal.t and Let Ihu father or the bni-
ther of the danmel, or tome one Ihtit ia aifler them
ncareat of kin to her, defend her. If the dnnitti
obtain a aeiilcnre in her favor, that ahe bad not
been guilty, let her live with hcrhuaband thatac-
cuaed ner; and lethin^^t have any farther power
at all to put her aij|«)nfHinlett the give blni very
great drcakjoiia for tutpb>ivn, and auch at rno m
nowuy contradicted. lltiit'T'ir him that brln^i
an uccjiaatioA and , calumny iigainat hit ff ife, m
ao impudent and raah maimer, let him be puniih-
ed by receiving forty ttrtpet tave 'u|ie, and let
him pay fifty ahekelt to Ker fathy. -Bltt if (he
dnniaet be convicted, at hitving be«n iiorrupted,
and it one of the comniiln people, let br.r be
ttoned,'becauae the did iiiit preaerve her virgi.
nity till the were lawfully I married; but if tlie>
were the daughter Of a pribst, let her be burnt
alive. If any nian hat two wiVea, and if he greatly
reapect and be kind to one o3' Ihun, cither out u'f
*hia afl'cction to her, or for bet befutv,or furaunir
other reason, while the othir it of leat ^iteeni-
with him; and. if the ton ol'vlier that ia beloved
Ije the younger by birth thnn'->^nother born of
the other wife, but endeavrira to tibtain the right
of primogeniture, from hit futher't kindneaa to
bit mother, and would thereby obtain a doubU
portion of hit futher't tuhatance, (for that double
fiorticin i^ what I hav^ allotted him in the Inwa,)
et not this be permitted ; for it ia unjusli that ha
who it the elder by birth ihoold be deprived of
what it due to him, on the futher't ditpuattion of
. . ,.j »,T<" •■••*• ■"'' ''*''' hit ealolc, becniyo b,*. mother whs not equally
brought the tithe or all that he hath, together regarded l>y him. He that hath corrupted adam-
with thoie firtt-fruitt that Were for the Levitea, tfcrespouted to um.lher man, in caae lie had her
andforthefestiyida; and wjien he it about to go I content, let both hiin and licr be put to ileatb, for
homej let bun ttand before the holy houtc, and J they are both eqitnlly guilly, the man becaute h«
return thanks to God, that Ire hath delivered i persuaded the woman willingly to aiihniit to k
them^fron^t^iejujunoua^treatment thej^ad in | most impure action, and to prefer it to IjiwCul
. I •__ ^1 wedlock; the woman, because she was pertuadetl
to yield herself to Imj conupted, either for ple«>
aiire or for gain. However, if n-iiian jlght on •
woman when she is alone, and forcet ber,.wbcrf ''^
Egyp'i "nd hath given them a good lan^anda
lai^e, and let them enjoy (he fruitt thereof; and
when be huth openly teatilied that he hath fully
f»id the tithet [and other duet,] according to
• Thit penalty of forty ttrlpea aave one, here mention-
nl and tefi.s:i,was Ave llmni Inflicted on Pt. Pauf
himself hy the Jews, 3 (?or. .ti. 21.
t Jncephus't plain and eipreta Inlerpfctation of thit
law of Moses. Ilcuf. xly, SH, W; «»i. l-!,.4,c. that the
Jews were tpoimd every third year lo pnv three tithes,
that to the Levites, tliat for sneriHcca at Jeiusaleq), and
Ibia for the iiidiKcnt, the widows, and the orphant, it
flllly confirmed hy the prnrttd|M' Rond old 'roblt, even
when he wata raplivc iit Atipta.acainatthe opinion
•r the Rahliins. 'I'ohlt, eh. I. 0,7, 8.
t These l o ke i i t o f vlrnln l ty , a s t h a Hebr e w and B ep-
^
difTcrcnt from whatOnr late inlerpreters suppose. Thtr
appear rather to have heen narji rluM; linen cnrmenH
as were never put off vlr^lni/nftiT n rerliiiii am, 111!
they were married, hut befofe wltnetses, niirt wlilrh,
'■ while Ihey vi^ere entire, werere'lnin evIdenrMi of mieh
' vir'jinity. flee there Aiil'q.B. vil.eh.vHI.atTi. !;'2t'ain.
j xiii. 18; Ian. iv. 1. Joseplias I'ere determines notliin(
I what wereti.ese pHrii'ii!. r tokcnhOf vireiiilty, orof
i'corr'Upiion; perlini'shcil ouijhi lie rould not cisilyd*-
< srrile tneip to the henlhcus.withonl tayliiii wliattNqr
might liav% tliou;,'M ii lirearh of niodealy; which i
»
tBacintstyletHcffl,Ocnt.zxii.l5,17,S0,seemtomeTerr I arold.
/ •: 13;:- .-. ■
inn b re a c h o f UHMlt s ly I jwa c aiiui* tlwuyi w buBy
.''^r
^M
94
ANTIQUITIES OF TIIK JEWS.
m
f^^^KHo '
^H >i
'{Hn^^
iffl||'
11
noborfjr wt* praMlit to come to h*r •Hidnitrr,
Ul him onljr bn pal In dtalh. I.«l him thai hiilh
corniiilrcl • firKiii nolyet rtpoiinml, iimrrjr hrr;
but ir (he (»th*T <>( lli«i lUiiiarl he not Mrilling
thai the ihoulil b« hii wifv, l«l liim |iiiy Afty »li«li-
•■• <• iho (irire of htT proililiilinii. fie that dc-
•lit* lu br (livorct'ii rrnm hit wife for any rnuM
irhalttievar,* (nriiJ ninny tuch rau<«i ha|i|wn
unonK mm,) l«l liim in wriliii|; giirn amuraiice
that h« nrvrr will u<i« h»r a» hi* wlfn any moff,
lor by lhc«e inrani ihn inny bn at |ili«rty lo
muttry analher hunlwnd, allhouKh bcfurr Ihia liill
•r divorce b« given, »he ii not to be pprniitlH •<»
to do: but if nho be niiautml by him aim, jr il'
wheii h* it doaH, her flrit hiiiihand w»irlil"litif{ry
bar •Raifii it ihRll not he I iwful fur her lo rrtiirii
to him. ir« wonitn't hu<il>aiul liie, and Iravu her
without children, let hia brother marry hrr, and
let him call the ton that ii Uorn to him by his
brulher'a name, and educate him n« the heir of
hia inheritance, for Ihit procedure ifrillbe^ for Iht'
banelit of the public, liiTause thereby faniiliet
will not fail, and the eafale Will cnnlinne aniufl|r
the kindred; and thia will be for the aojare ol
wirea under lhi>ir ■iHictiiin, tliat thrv am to be
married lo the next rclHtioni of th»-ir (orinrr bun-
bifida, Butiflhe brother will not marry her. Irl
the woman come before the urnntc, and proli »t
openly that his brother will hot admit her fur hii
wife, but will injure the nioniory of hi» dereuicd
brother, while the i* willinir to continue in the fa-
mily, and to bear him children: and when the
Mnate hare inquired of him, for What reaHon it ia
that be ii arerte to thia marriage, wliriher he
(iTCt • bail or* good reuaon, the mailer mu»i
come to thia iaaue, that the woman ahall loone the
aandala of the brother, and ahall apil in hia face,
•nd »«yi "He deaervea thia rejprunchful Irenl-
n«Dt from her, aa having injured the memory of
the deceased. " And th*ii let him co nway out
of the kenale, nod bear thia reproarii upon him
•II bia life long; and let her marry whom ahe
pleaaea, of auch aa aeelc her in ninrriare. Hut
now If any man take caplivj; either avnxin, or
Oife that hath been mamed.f and bni a mind to
many her, let him not be allowed lo bring her lo
be{{l to him, or to live with h«r aa hia wife, before
•he hath her head ahaven, and hath put on her
Oionmlng; habit, and lamented her relation* And
frienda that were slain in the battle, |hat by
ibeae roeanaaha may give veiit to her aorrowior
them, and after that may betake heraelf to feast-
ing rad matrimony, for it ia goo<l for him that
takea • woman in order to hav* children by her,
to be' complaiaant lo her inclinationa, and not
merely to puraue his own pleaaun;, while he hath
■o regard to what ia agreeable lo her. But when
thirty daya are mat, aa the time of inoumihg, for
■o ronny are.iuHicient, to prudent peraona, forlu-
mentinfr the dearcat friends, thea let. them pro-
ceed to the marrinee; but in case when he hath
Mtisfied hit lust, he be too proud to retain her
for hit wife, let him not h«ve it in his power to
imke her a slave, but let her ro away whither
•be pleases, and have that privilege of a free^
woman.
X4. At to those young men that despise their
girents, and do not pay theni honor, but oflfcr
em ■flroqta, either because they are nshained
of them, or think themselves wiser than they;
IB the first place let their parents admonish them
in words, (for they are by nature of authority
MilficieDt for becoming their judges,) and let
them tay thus to them: "That they cohabited
together, not for the sake of pleasure, nor fur
the angmeDtatioD of their riches, by joining both
•Thf"* ""^ "^ 'neephna are very like ibose of the
Fbanaeci to our Bavloar upon thl* very auhjeel. Malt.
M I . i . " Ii I t j a wft il f o r « m an t o p ut aw a y hi t wift
thalr atocka togetner, but that they might tiava
cliildrcn lo laCe lare of them in their ohi nge,
and might l>y Ihriii have what they lh<n should
want." And any farther lo him, "That when
thou wast born Wr loOk Ihi-e up with ilailn<ita
and gave liod the grtaleal thauka fir lliri', and
brought thee up witli great cure, und S|iart'd for
nothing that appeared useful for thy preecrva-
lion, and for thy inatruetion in what wa< moat
eirrlbnt. And now since it ia riRsoiinhle tn (>r-
(tive the aiiia of tfhnselhal an- young, lit ilauffira
Inee to have given su many intlicniiuna of thy
npnlempt of iia; rrform thyarif, and act more
wisely for liie time to come, ronaidering that
(lod 1* dlilp|pni)ed with lhoa«i that ant inaolenl
liiwurda Ihrir parcnta, hi cause lie ia hi.nielf the
Niher of the whoU: race of uiankind, and acrmt
to bear |mrl of that diahouor. whiih fall* upon
4hoae I'hHt liave the aanie name, when Ihey dp
liol ni^et with due rclnrns from their childreB.
And on such the liiw indict* iuexoruble punish
iiirat; lit which pUnlahnienI niayett Ihoii dever
have the Mperienci!" Now If the insoU-nce of
young nien.be thus cured, let them eBcii|)e tho
rrpruiich whidi their furiner errors deserved, for
by lltia uicHna the liiwgiver will appci^r to be
rood, ami |iarniitt happy, whilii they never be-
hold either a son or a daughter l>rou|rht to
piinithment. ItuI if it hapiirn that these words
artd inslructiona ronvi'yedby lhrm,*iii order to
reclnim the man, apiienr to fie uai I'eak.hhen the
offender rendCra the laws imiilunjilc j^Jiciniea to
the insolemv he has oHi ri'd ms.|Hiri!nta; let him
therefore be brought fur'lh bytthcae Very parent*
out of the city,) with n multitude following him,
and lot him lie stoned; and wlieH he has conti-
nued them for one whole day, that all the people
may aee hfin, let him bo buried in the night.
And thua i| ia that we bury all whom the [aivt
condemn to die, uf>on any arcotint wliatever.
L,et ulir eneinira thai full in battle be nliio buried ;
nor let any one dca<l body lie above the ground,
or suffer a puniahnient beyond whut justice re-
qoirea.
25. Let no one lend to any oDe of the Hebrews
upon uaury, hi^ither usury of what is ruirn, ur
what ia drunken; for it ia nut just to make ad-
vantage of the niiiifortunea of one of thy own
countrymen; but when thou hast l>een tiiaistant
to his iieceiiailies, think (t thy gain, if thou ob-
tainest their gmlitnde to iher; ami withal' that
reward which will come to thee from Uod, for
thy humanity towards him.
5t6. Those who have liorrowed cither silver, or
any sort of fruits, whether dry or wet, (1- niean
thiH, when the Jewish aflaira snail, bV the blcss-
\ng of Oud, he lo their own mind,) let the bor-
ruwcr^ bring them again, and restore them with
plenaurc 10 those who lent them, laying them up,
a* it were, in their own treaauriea, and justly ex-
pioting to receive them tbencerif they shall
w.int them agiiiii. Uul if they be H'ilhout shame,
and do not restore it, kt not the lender go to the
borrower's house, and take h pledge hinwlf.
before judgment be given concerning it; bnt let
him reijuire the pledge, and |et the debtor bring
it of himself, without the least oppo.siti()ii to him
Ihoticomes upon him under the prott.ction of the
law. And if he that fptve the pledge be rich, let
the creditor retain ittillwh(ithe lent be jtaid him
egain; but if be be poor, let bini that l<iket it,
return it before the going down of ilie sun, espe-
cially if the pledge bea garment; that the debtor
may have it for a. covering in his sleep; God
himself naturally showing mercy to the poor.
It alto it not lawful to taike a millstone, nor any
rather was ilain in thb very battle, olherwiae it woaM
have heen adultery In him that marrieil her.
8e c H a iod the ^eat In a l a ll n n o n Iheet ef ul la a o f
•r.
— l uc e ii wr uu »i e ^oai ii i a i a ii n | [ o n i i i gea ef .m io a oi
this taw, wiih retk.<Dn to two of hit tons, hefore tbf
JudgeiatBerytut,/ lllq. B. zvi. chap. xi. sect. 3.
Ibr every cause?'
fUere It is supposed that tbia captive's hurt«nd,ir
■w were befora ■ m»iiM woman, wat dead lMfim,or
JOOK IV.-CHAP. VIII.
9b
-T,,
^'^r-'/
^(•ntil lh«r«to baloafiiif, fura pUike, thai ih*
dtblun mnjr not b« (Ttprivad of iniTriiiii«nlf (o
(•( Ihuir fiMid frilbal, ■od Inl lh«y Im uadon* by
Ihcir nccruily.
ST. L«t death be th« punithninnt for atciliiiK
• nino; but h« that hath purluinnl i^old or lilvar,
Iftt blm pay doublr. If any <in« kill a man that
ia alcaUng iuni«thin|[ out iif hit hnuM, i«l him
be edeemed |;uilll<-M, allhuuxh the man were
only breaking lo at the wall. Let him that hath
•tofcn rattle |i«y four-fold what iainitj e(ceptin((
the case uf anon, fur which trt the (hicf pay five-
fold, hrt hiiii that it to pfior that he caunut pay
what mulct ia laid u|M)n him, be hii wrvaut to
whpAi he waa ailjuilKcd lo pay it,
i9. If aay one be lold tooneof hiiownnalioil,
let nini Mrva him aii yeart, and on the lavcnth
let hini go frk« but if n« have a ion by a woman-
tervaiit in hli purchaier'a houte, ami if, nn ac-
count of bin )(u<Ml-will to hi* mutter, and hU na-
tural affrclion to hia wife and chddrcn, he will
be hi* aervant (till, let bini lie aet frn« only at the
coming uf the year of jubilee, which ia the Aftictb
year, and let biiu then take away with hiui )ii>
childrrii and wife, and let thrni be free alto.
29. ir any one find gold or ailver in the road,
let him inquire after him that.(6(t \t, and make
proclamation of ^the place where Its i(fam\ it, aiid
then restore it to nini agntn, ax jmt thinking it
right to make hfk own profit by th^ loii of ano-
ther. And ll>« iauie^rule it |u bv otiaerved in
rattle found to havo lyamleTt^d 'nway into a lonely
filace. If the. owner be not preaenlly diiruvereif,
et hini that ia the fiiider keen it with bimielf,
and appeal to God, diat Jic naa not purloined
what uclon^i to another. ^
90. It if not Inwfid to pai^by.anv beMt'that it
in diitreti, whi^n in a storm li, ia fallen down in
the mira, but to endeavor to ~pKterve it, aa
having a tym|iuthy with it in iti pain.
31. It ia alto a duly (o thow the roadt to thoie
who do not know thijiii, and not to eiteem it a
matter for tport, ivticn w« hinder othera' advaq-
tagei by tettin;; them in a wrong way.
'42. Inlik" iiiaiftM:r Jet no one revile a penon
blind or dunili. /
. 33. If men atrive together, and there be no
jnatrument of ,.Jroii, let him that, it tmitten be
mveuged ioiOiMdiatcly, by infliclinE thi; tame
punitnment «>'a him that tniolu him; out if, when
oa it carried hoiue, he lie tick many dayt, and
then die. fet him that tmotu him not etcapd
punithm^lfi; but if he that it tniilten etcapc
licath, add yet be at great itxpente for hia cure,
the amiter anall pay for all that hat been expend-
ed during the time of hit tickneta, and for all that
he haa jiaid the phyalcian. .He that kickt a wo-
man, with child, ao that tlic woman mitcerry,*
let .Ihim pay a fine iu mone^ aa the judgea ihail
de^rliiinc, at having dimihiahed the multitude
b]^ the detlruction of what wet in her wonib:
a^d let money alto be giv^n to the woman't hut-
band by hini that kicked lier; but iC ahe die
if the ttroke, let him alto be put toydeath, the
4aW' Judging It equitable that Hfo^tholild go
/foriiie. j^. /
34. Let no one of the Itraelitei Icdep any poitOn
that may ctuiie death.t or any ouer harm; but
if he be caught with it, let him by put to death,
■nd tufler the very tame luiachifl that he would
* Philo and olbera appear to have onilerataod thia law,
Bzodiiaxxl.S!;, 3.1, h«uerthan Joaepliua, whoaeema to
allow, that thoii(h the infant In the motlierV womb,
•ran after the mother were nuir k, and to Ihe infant had
m rational aoul, were killed hy Ihe attoke upon the mo-
ther.yet Ifthe mother earaped. the olTenderahould only
ha fined, and not put to death; while the hiw aeema ra-
ther to mean, that if the Infant In that cate be killed
■n the motlier eacape, tne oitender imiai he put to
death, and not only when the nioUieir ia killed,aa Joae-
phaa uBderaUMd ii. It aeeoaa tbta waa the expoallisB of
l*e Phaiiacca in tfaa dayaof Joaaphoi.
kava brought upon tham for whom the poUoa
waa preiiarrd.
S5. He that maimethany one, let him undaifO
the like hiiiitelfi and Im deprived of the aant*
member of which he bath deprived the other,
unlcit ha that it maimed will
ept of •
ID^
money
tiradof il.for Ihe law liiakra the aiiArn'r Ihe judge
of Ihe value of what he ha|h aullrrrd, and permila
him to etiiinale it, unirn he will be mure tevera.l
36. Let him that ia the owner of an oi, whiea
puthalhwith hit horn, kill him: liut if ha puthea
and goret any one in ihe thrathiiig-door, let him
he put lo death by tInnInK, and let him not b*
thought Al for footi : but if hia owner be convict-
ed aa having known what hit nature wat, and
hath not kept him up, let him alto be put to
death, at being the Deration of the oa'i having
killed a man. But if the ox have killed a roan-
tervani, or a luuiil-tervant, let him be atoned;
and In the owner ol the o> pay thirty thekala
to the mutter uf him that wat tiain li hut if it be
an ox that it Ibua tmilleu ami killed, let both
the oxen, thai which tniote the other, aiid that
Iwhich waa killed, be tohl, and lei Ihe ownera of
them divide their price between them.
37. Let thoae that dig a well or a pit be care-
ful to lay pianka over il, and to krip then! thvt
up, not in order to hinder any pertoii from draw-
ing water, but that there may )i<(! nO danger of '
falling into IheiH: but if any one't heatt fall into
tiich a well or pit thut dig)i;ed, and iiol thut up,
and perith,< let the owner pay ila price to tli*
owner of the beatt. Let there be,a battlcmeni
round the topa Of your houtei inatead of a wiill,
that may prevent any peraont. from rolling down
and periahinjff.
38. Let hull that hat received any thiiig in
truat for«ppther take care tAkeep it aa a aacred
and jIuilKihingi and let no one invent any con-
trivaq^H&reby to deprive hintuhat hath in-
trutte9H|Blik blm of the tame, and thii whethci
it be a muBor a woman, no, not although he or
the were t'giin aa imntenie aum of |(old, and
tiiit where he cannot be convicted of it b^ any
body, for it ia fit that a man'a own coiiicieDCo,
which knowt what he hath, thould in all ciceii
oblige him to do Well, Let tbit contcience i <^
hit witneti, and make him alwayt act to ainiu ;
Krocure hVm ro|iiiiiendation from nthert ; but lit
im chieHy have' regard to (Jod, from whom no
wicked man can lie conrealcd ; biit if he in whom
the trutt wot repoted, without any deceit of hit
own, lote wliat he ia iutruited withal, let hini
come before the leven judget, and twear by Ood^,
that nothing haa beeii lott wiHin^^y, or with a
wicked intention, and that he hath pot made uae •
of any part thereof, and to let him depart witVoot
blame ; liut if lie hath made ute of the leaat part
of what wat conuaitted to him, nml it be loat, let
him be condemned to repay all that he halb recei-
ved, after the tame manner at in thote truata ilia
to be,ifany one defraud thote that undergo bodily
labor for Itiin. And let it be alwaya remeni-
bcred, that we are not to defraud a poor man of
hit waget, aa being tentible that God haa allotted
that waget to him inttead of land, anci other .
poaiesaiont; nay, thia payment it not at all to b*
delayed, but to be made that very day, tince God
ia not willing to deprive the lal^rer of tbe im-
mediate ute of what he hath labored for.
t What we lender a witeh, arrordinf to our modem
notiona of witrheraft, Eiodua xxil. IH, Phllo and Jote-
phua underalood of a poiaone'r.or one who attempted,
liy aerretand unlawAddruaa or.phllirn, to take away
the ae'iiaea or the Uvea of men.
I Thia permiaafon of reile<>min( Ihia penally with no-
ney ia not in our copiea, UiodUa xxi. S4,1B; Le*. xxiv.
aO; Deut.ilx.ai.
1
%-
9 We may here note, that 30 ahekela, the price oar
Saviour waa' aold for by Judaa lo the. Jewa, Matt. xzvi.
IS; xxvU.3; waatheold.valueofaliOBiht aanraal,w
alave aatong that people.
s* ■
00
ANTIQl ITII» l»K TDK JKWH.
P<
ImilU
m Uu »r« not in nmii.h rhrlilrrn f..r lh» j«fXo<Jy,M<lh«nliirrM^toul; biH.lo.uui.nd
■'1. '<• thrlr Mr.nU. but .mi ■ix.mnl ol llirir imny lli« liiHomnt iMrl, liX lli.y run nwtv
»IMu» ruihtr lo Tiiurhwfr Ihrni coiimiiwrii- lUt Iimic of M ll.m ....I .„ i*....! ».. ..u _.
iin, ■ml lo nlTiinl an ■ilvuiila|rr (o
.p^ Mrc«.i.» ""y "•'•» '""•" <>( «"' k*'! pumm. j.iiir i-ii.iiii. .. |)„ ,„„ «!„, ,j,, |„,^ ,„ ,\^
lhu» li..lr. .1 br.«u.« (liry wrrr boni of b«.l ori. .. who h.vr l.lrly b.,iFl ih. ill h?.u».. ..i.l )..,« bM
Niir imlrni ouKbt »• (o iiiiputr l|l« »ln of rliil' vH Ihitl in |l
ilrrn «o lln-ir fulhrn, while yiiuiiK |M'ra'»nH in- '
iIuIkh IhrniarJvM in many prat tiira ilillrrriil
fi-oiii what »li»v ba«« itrtn iiii(ruct«<) la, and Uim
Uy tlmir pmud rrlutal ofiuch Inalruclion.
■W. I.Kl Ihmr Ihat bava made thcinwUai «u-
nurbt he hail in da(*i(aliiifti and do you atpid
any comcrtiili.in with Ihrin, who havr deprind
•hi-m»rlv.«of »lnir Hianhoiid, and of IhaCfruil of
Kiiii-rHlion whinli (lod hai given to men f<ir the
luireati- of iheir kindt Irt ruch be driien away,
aa It Ihiy Imd kilted (li.ir diildren. lince thry
befunhniid have loit what ahould procurr ihimi
liijr <vid.iu it H, that while their tnul i( beronie
rtteuiinulej they have withul tniiiiil'u>e<l Ihul .f-
falBinaiy to ihuir bodv alio. In like manner do
ypu Iri-Bt all thai i« of » niontuoiii nature whin
It, u looked on; nur i« it lawful to gehl either
ineA or any other aniiiiulii.*
41; Irf I thia be the roiutifution of your polili-
lal law* in liiue of |ien.«j and lioil will be >o
ly built' ihoii hciuara, and hate nOI
'ii'Ui a yrar'^ lime) and to Ihiiae wb»
.;, "• »"w Ol |""««i'; uini vjoti will lie ro
intrrilul aa lu pnatrve thin rxCellent •ellleiiKnt
lace lr4iili'iliKliii>kiifi.-» A».(» il...A ti .^
Iiiiie plHnlrd them viiir^ard*. and have not yet
b.eu |mi taken of ihi ir Iruilat lo continue in their
own country, an well h» ihnie alao who have l)»-
Iriithed or liilely married Ihi ni rivri, 1f»t the)
have (uub an amnion for theae IhliiKii thai Ihey
be too ipariiiK of their livet, and by r.Mr\iiii{
Ihi'iiuelvii for Ibeaa enjoyment*, ibey bicoiiie
»"'"'""> <-(,nardt (onac.ount of Ibeir «ive..)
<l'.t. Wbrii ton have (lilrhrd your rump, lake
rare that you do uolbinK that ii rruel. And wb»n
you are eiinn^i d in a •leRe, and want timber for
IbeniakiiiKol niirlike enginei, do nut you ren-
der the bind naked, by cuIIIiik down Iri.a ihul
l«ar Iruit, but apaie lliem, an i onaideriiiK that
(hev were made for the benelit of nun; nml Ibut
if liny L-ould tpeak, they woold have a juai plea
agaiiUI vou; beiauM, lllnuKb 4hi» are not oiia-
•i(m» of lh< war, Ihev are uiijually Ireuled, and
Id, if they were able, remo*e
imf. When you have
battle, tUv IhoM' Ihat
!'»« I" t • I* . ' L V'"i •■""*•""•-'••"■"•■'"* "- •!« ,i jwui i-iitiiiirH «n ijHiiie,.aiHv iiioi*e tha
■ome X. I." V '"'•''■ ^"' "'"•'[ •"'"' '"V .""*" 1 ''."*'■ '■"."'f''* "«"'"•' > "" ■' '•"« I'" •- "•• '•"■ <''•'•'
■ pme HliK'b iiiuyinnoviite any thing, and rbaiiKV ' ""■*■ •' *■ --■ ^ ■ •
It for the contrary, |lul aiiic* It niuat need* bau-
iMtii tliBt >..,...L:...r r.li :.... , ; t .1.1 •
-. — .„« «u....,H*«, 4>ut ■iiii:« II. iiiuHi iireua iiuu-
peii that inunkiiid full into Irouliira and dangera,
either undenigiitdl^ or intentionally, lome, let ua
make a faw ronalitutiona concerning them, that
»a being appriiad beforehand what ought lo be
done, yoii may have lalutai-y counttli ready
whfin iou want them, and nioy not then be
•ibliged to gq lo aeek wftat ii Iw done, and ao
be uuprovided, and full into dangeroua circuin-
atancea. May vou be a laborioui people, and ex-
ercraeyoiir aoula in virtuoua actional and thereby
poaaeai aitd inherit the land without wara, while
"!'. '*■" ""/ fof^igixra niuke wnr upon il^ uiidau
uflict you, nor any intiTnal aedition aeite upon
It, whereby you may do Ihiiigi that are contrary
to jjour falhen, ohd ao loic Ilia lani which they
have iilubliahcd. And may you conliiuM) hrfliu
obaenialion of thoae luwa which (iod bulb ap-
proved of, and bath delivered to you. Let oil sort
of warlike operations, »i(|iether they l)i fal you
now iiyjarour own liilie, or hereafter in the iiiiiea
"' >o"M>o»t<rity, be done out of your own bor-
der! ; but when you are about to go to war, iind
einbaiaogek and bertolda to tboae who arc your
voluntary enemiei, for it ia a riglil thing to liiake
me of words to them before you come to your
weapon* of wnr; and aaaure them thereby, that
although you have a nuiiieraus army, withhoraea
upd weapons, and above tlieie, n (iod merciful
to you, und ready to asaitt you, vou do however
desire them not to compel you'to light ainiinal
them, nor to lake from them what Ihey liuve
which will indeed be our gain, but what they will
have no rcaion lo wish we should take to our-
aelvea. And if they hearken to you. it will b«
Wroper lor you to keep peace with liiciii ; but if
they trust on their own strength ns Miperior la
yours, and will not do you jintice, lead your
army against them, making use of (Jbd ns your
nupreoic conimaiidcr, but ordaining for A lieu-
tenant under bim, one that is of the greatest
courage auiong you; for these different Com-
manders, besides their being an "obstacle to aC-
iious that arc to be done on the sudden, are a
disadvantage to those that make use of them.
I^ad an army pOre, and 6( chosen men, com-
posed uf all such as Lave extraordinary strength
♦Thia law ajiaiiin coalration, even of liruiesthsaid
!k.?j ".^^y."!'". ''''*'«''"^^ »« '° '"'"'■t 'teml' on him
lIUI dOPfl H-Urlllrll mttttntm nnl.. .. »l...>l..I-..l 1..* ...
NiiDer in it; and woul..,
thrutanlves into anotbi
beaten your rniinies in
alive, tliat they may [my you trilinle, excepting
the nation of tlie CHhimnilea, for iin to Ihiit |ieo-
ihaidpes h.wiiicn seems only n I'liarlsnical Interpretii-
lion In the days of Joacphus of ihnt law, l^v. xxl. 20,
aad xiii. 24; only we may hence observe, thai the Jews
pie voumnst rnliri ly <lnlroy llieiii,
•U. Tnke I lire, ei.i>e(iidly'in vour bnlllea. tlint
np woman use the liubit of a iiian, nor imui li.e
garment of a wnniau.
44. This was the form of political government
whiib wus kfl us by Mob« «. Moreover, be Imd
already delivered laws in writing,! in the forlielli
yeiir,(ofter they ciime out of Kgypt,] concerning
which we will disriMirae in iinoihi r bimk. Hut
now on the following days, (for he called Iheni
to assemble <-on|inually,) he (Ulivereil bleasinga
lo them, and ciiraea ujioii those Ihnt ahould iiol
live according lo the laws, but sfiouM transgress
fhe duti.s^llmt were delennined for them to
observe. Alter this, be read |„ ,l,e,u „ p„rti.:
song, which «u« composed in li. xanutfr verse
and left it to them iu the holy book. It contuiucd
a |>rcdlction of what wiis to come to pass after-
wanl. Agreeably whereto all things 'have hnp-
pened all along; and do still bapnen to us; and
wlien in he baa not nt all deviated from the truth
Accordingly he delivered these books to Ihu
|)rierts,( with tli« ark; into which he also put
tlie ten coniinaiidinenls, Hrittcn in two tables.
He delivered to them the tabernacle also; and
exhorted the people, thai when they had con-
quered the bind, and were settled in it, ihey should
not forget the injiiri. « of the Amalekites, but
make war against Ibem; and inflict pitnishnicnl
upon tbem lor whul mischief they did them
when they Were in the wilderness: and that
when they bad got possession of the land of the
Lanaartites. and when they had destroyed- the
whole multitiide of its inhabitants, as they ought
to do, they should erect an altar that should (See
the rising sun, not far from the city of Shecbem,
between the two mountains, that of Geriuini
aituatc on the right band, and that called Kbal on
the left; and thai the army should be so diyided,
that BIX tribes should stand uiMn each of the two
muuntaim, and with them the Levites and tba
priests. And that first, those that werfe upon
mount Geritzim slioul:; pray for the best blei-
sings u|)on those who were diligent about the
worshm of God, and the observation of Jjis laws,
and who did not reject what Mojes had said to
«nrt'en«'"i.'' i.M.°° °"" '*''''* "'O B*". hut only bulla
j
j.
1/
. fT'!"*«'»w» seem to he those Bliovc mentioned ictt.
4. oilniacnnplpr.
t What laws were now delivered to ilie Dri«Mfl.iM
the note on Anilq. B. ill, chap. 1, i«cl,T. P™*'""
I
bHi <Jn }>uu MRii
fy run riwiy iii
■II ntvuiiUicr to
» Iravf to UtoM
ft, ■till limn ntii
Hiiil t(> thtiNr who .
ml tiKVit not yxl
rnntinuii in thrlr
Ih> who hm'p li«-
rivfi, lf»t tiny
IhliiK" llml (h«y
ihI l>y r<Mr\'4iiK
.; lltry liiiiiiiic
iflhtir nivra. J
your I'uniii, liikr
ru(l. Antlwbtn
want tliiilirr I'nr
liu not you rrn-
ilowii Iroi (hut
iiiniiiili-rinK that
il'liiin; Hhcl ihut
liBH! II jital ploi
••» Br« not oim-
illy (rrulcil, and
rr«> able. rf«io*c
^'llrii you IlKvr
, lUy lliox' that
M'ttf lllf Oltldll
iliutii, ixifjiiinif
r RN 1u Ihut (Kb-
"III.
uur biilllta, tlinl
lan, nor iiiiui (i.i-
ical governiiK'nl
loreovir, he lind
,f iutlii'rorlivlli
fpt,]i:nncrrnin)[;
Ihrr biHih. Hut
rh«< chIIi'iI Ihrni
Ivtreil hliiaiini;*
Ihnt •houli) not
ipuM (nin>Kr«»
I'd Tor tlii'iu lit
I tliciu u porlli:
i xaintitT HT»f,
k. It coutuiiicd
B to pnai altrr-
lings bavc bnp-
iwn to ua; on J
J front the truth.
! booka to Ihu
ich he alao put
in two tablet,
luli'lc utao; and
they had con-
H it, Ihp^ ah6uld
Viuuti-kiti't, but
ict puniahnicnl
hd-y did them,
irna: and that
the land of the
ilcatroye* the
I, as they ourht
Ihat should face
■y of Khecbem,
It of Geriuint
t called Kbnl on
1 be so divided,
each of the two :
eviti'S and tba
lat werfe upou
the best bles-
:ent nbout the
ion of Jiis laws,
uea had said to
!lt, but only bulla
DOCK IV.-CIIAI'. VIII.
VI
■Deiitiotied ittt.
a the prkitfliN*
Cbrm. whit* Iha other wisii*il thrm all niannrr
uf liaiiprilras altoi and when these lail put up
the II** prayers, the Ifienier praiaed tlieiw. After
Ibis, ruraea were dvniiunrrit u|Mn Ii'mh iIiuI
.. ahould lrana|rr»ss tliiia* lawt, thry anawrriilg
•me Hiiolhrr iillernalilv, liv H«y of ciinftritiHliiHl
' uf. wlial IuhI lii|i'n aiiiil. Moara hI<o wrnli iheir
bleaaioira shil ihrlr I'ur.iPt, lliiil Ihi-y UiiKhi burn
(liehi an lh<iriii)Klil\ , ihut Ihi v ihikIiI iirvi r Im<
I'orirntlin by lenKlh'ol llnir. And wln-n be waa
Milily to i!ie, he tvriili' Ihrae hlexinir* and luiwa
iilHin ibeall.ir'nn eaib title of il;« where hi any a
iilao (he peopli: ttnoil, and tliiii aarriHi'iil and
olTcred bliriit-iini riuKa, thiiuKh aflrr that day
thiy never oll'erril upon it any ortii'r aarriAre,
lot it naa not lawfiil ao to ilo. 'I'lii <•' iiri' the
ronatitiillnna of Mifaea; iind the llilinw nation
Mill live ari'iirilinKlii Ihrni.
'15. On till' ntit day, Moara rnllcil tlie people
lottrthrr, with llir women and rhililrin. to a ion-
gregation, so iii the very al»»CA. were present
alio, thiit they iiiit(lit,en||age iheniailvea to the
, oliaervalliiii i/ll'lieae l«w» liy onlU: ami Ihnt duly
oinaideriuK the iiieaiiiuK of tHxl iii llieiii, Ihey
oii)(ht iiiil, either liir liivur of tliiir kiiiilriil. or
out of I'ear of any iiile, or indenlfur any inolive
whataoever, think any Iiiiui ou^lil to lir pre-
ferred to (heie laws, and (o Mii;{lft ldiii«c.re»«
Ihejn. That in raae any on* of Ihi ir ohu bloud,
or any dly, ahoubl alleiiipt to roiifoiiud or dli.
•olve their ronatilutiou of (rtnernimnl, lliey
should take venKeaiiee upon lliiui, bolb uli in
f;anernl, ami each person ID parlli'itlur; iiiid when
Ihiy hud roiiqiii'prij them, aholilil ovi rliini Iheir
rity to Ihe very fnundutiiHis, nliil, if pnxilde,
ahiiuld not li uve llie IrnKi f,ioli-ti pa of r'liili muil-/
nesa: but that if they were not utile lo take auch
vengeance, they ahould still ileuionatrate, that
whut wiia.ilone wua eoulriirv to lliiir Hilla. So
the niultitilde liOiiiiil lliiiiiaelves liy onlh aoloilo.
■Ifi. .Moxs tuii(;lit tilt III alio liv whul iiiiaifa
their 8rin-il^»liiiu-l)t InrTmiatnrieplubli totimi;
and how ^l^^filil i^o fu-lli to war, Hi»kiiixiiir
of llieMiMFpBlli. high irrieiit'^reiislpliili' j for
thejr diiTl^ift(| lis | liuiebcfore Hi(r|iiiieil. Jn.liiiu
also prophraitii nhile Moaea wiia prisiiil. And
when Mo<es had rerapltulHled ubutaoeyer hr had
done for the preaervution of tlio people, bulli in
their wars and in peine, and linil i:i>ii<p<>>i d them
a body of laws, and procured them un exreljent
forninf f,'ov«rnm(nl, he foretuhl, iia God liad de-
clared to him, "I'liHt if llipy trani<prrein«ed that
institution for the worchip of liod, thiy abnuld
eiiierience the following iniaemv: their bind
should be full of weapons of war from their eiie-
niiea, and their elties ahonid be overthrown, and
their temple should be burnt; that lliiy nhould
be »o|d for slaves to such uwn as would 'have no
pity on them ill their afllictions: that ihiy would
th«;n repent, when that repciifance would noway
profit llieni under their suHeriH);*. Vet (said he)
will thuttiod who founded youj- oaliou, r«$itore
your cities to your citiiens, with tli«ir temple
also, and ypu shall lose these ndvantages not
once only, but often."
47. Now when Moses had encouraged Joshua
to lead out the army against the CanHaiiilea, by
tellinpr hiiu that God would assist him in all hi's
undcrtakioga, and had blesseil tlie whole multi-
tude, hfl said, " Since I tin g6(nr. to niv forefa-
thers, and' Goil has detcnilined that this should
be the day of my departure to them, I ratui-n
• or the eiact place where thh altar wastoKe built,
WDMber nearer Mount neriuiiii or Mount Bliai, ac-
cordinR to Joaephus, sec Ea«iy on the Uld TaaUment.
p. leH— 171. '
t !» • B a rn a rd w e ll ob ye r v e s h «t« , h ew u i if nr t un a i e thh
. I Mglact of consulting tlio Urhn was to Joaliua bloiaeir,
<j ■athQcaaeortbaClliaonitn.whnputatrkk'Upbnhlm,
and eBsnared hlm,toietlier with the reatof the Jewish
mleis, witha aolemn oath to prescrre tlieiii, roiitrary to
fciacommiasioa to extirpataall theCanaaaitca root aud
hliii thanks while t am slit! alive, ami pr«a<'|i|
» lib you, i'lir thai pniviilinre he hatb e>en-is«il
liver yiiu,whii'b hath hut mdy il. livered us front
Ihe mlaertra we lay under, but h*lh beatowad ■
stale of priiaiwrity U|«in us| aa alao, that ha balk
as«l«l< d III! Ill the pains I look, and In all tba
riiiiliiiniiiK 1 had in my mrv alinul you, in or».
der til lielier your coaililion, and haih on all oc.
■'H>ions ahiini'd himself favorable lo iis| or ra-
ttier be it Has who Arsl condiirird niiralTairaiaad
liniugbi Ihem in a happy coniluiloii, by ninkinf
iiae of me na a vicariuua ri ntral uiiilir him, ana
as a iiiinialir in thoa* matters wherein lie waa
willinK lo do vou (food; nn wbd b nrcoiint I tliink
It proper III bleaa ibut divine |tiiwer wbii.b'wijl '
hike rare of vim for the luim. lo come, and this
III order lo repay Ihe debt wbiih I owe bini,aiMl
III leave bebiiiil me a liieoixriHl Ihat we are obli-
ged to <V4ir>liip anil bonor him, and lo keep
lliiiae liitva vv hub are the moat esi'clbnt gift of
all tlioae be hatb already beatowed ii|Km us, or
which, ifJie riinliniie favorable to u», he will l>«-
st'iw ilpiiii iia hereafter. Certuiiilr a buinan l«-
gi'iritor ia a tirrllde eiiriny, ivlii ii bis laws ara
allroiiled.and ure made to no purinKi'. And may
joil nevij- I tpiriunce lliul iliapti'iiaui'e of Untl,'
H liicb ^ m'^f the conaeti'iii'iiie of the neclect of
tliiaii Ilia laws, which he, wbu is your Creator,
halh givi'U'you!"
'III. Whin iMnses.liiid aimkrn Ihuaat the end
of Ilia life, and bud forelolil what would befall to
every one of their triiiea afterward,! with the ad-
ilillon of a bleasing to them, the multitude fell
iiCIo lenra, bisniiluch that even the Women, bf
biulliig their brenals, made mnnifest the deep
I'oiirerii ihey liad when he was about to die. The
rliildien ulao lamented still more, aa nut able to
contain Iheir grief; and thereby declured, that
even at Ibeir age they were sensible of his vir-
tue, und mighty deeds: and truly there seemed
til be a atrite between the young and the old, who
abiiuld most rrievii for hini. The ohi grieved,
b'liiuae they knew what a careful proteelor they
vvi re to he deprived of, and so lunieiiled their fu-
ture alale; but the young grieved not only for
tlial, bi|t uUo because it ao happened that they
w< le to Im' left by him before they had well
tnated ol hia virtue, ^ow one may makeaguesa
at Ihe exceaa of this sorrow and Inmentalion of
the niullilude, from vvhat happened to the legit-
lalor hiiiiaelf; for iiltboiigh li« was always per-
Huailed that lie ought not to be cast down at the
approach of death, since Ihe undergoing it waa
agreeable to the will of (iod, and the law of na-
tui-e, yet what the people did, so overbore him,
thnt he wept himself. JVow as he went Iheqcelo
the place where be was lo vanish out of their
sight, they all followed after bim weeping, bat
Moaca beckoned with his band to those that were
remote from him, and bade them stay behind ja
quiet, while he exhorted those that were near to
hhn that Ihey would not render bis dcpurtun lo
lanienlable. WliereitpoD (hey tboaght they ought
to urKnl hiiii that favor, to let him depart ac-
conling as he himselfdesired, so they restrained
tliemaelves,though weeping still toward one ano-
ther. : AJI those who accompanied hint, were the
senate, mid Kleaiar the high priest, and Joshua
tbeir Couiiuauder. Now as soon as they were
come to the mountain called * Abarim,' (which ia
a very high mountain situate over against Jeri-
cho, and one that alTords to such ai are upon it • .
hraneb;-whlcli oath he and the olber ralera durst never
break. See Scripture J>olitlfs, p. ii, M; and Italaanaia '
they were brouilit into hecaute tliey " did hot at k eona-
oet aj the mouth of the Lord." Icah. 1». U.
i Since Josepnus assures us nere.aa la ooal BatatallT
to be suppoacd,and as the Septuagbil (ivea the Uti,
Dnil.Miill.Qi that MoeeaKlesaed every oaeof the Iribea
of Israel, It Is evident that Simeon waa net omitted ta
hia ropy, aa it unhappily now la,both In our Bebivw
and Sanaritan eopjea.
m
ANTIQIIITIKi* OF Till: JRWII.
iir>Mp««l ot (hn ■ri'Mfit |mrl ul' ih« »\i'*ll*nl
luiiil >M Caim«ii,) n* ill>iiil»i«l thr 4rii»lii nihI
4< h» wiK |[iHM( IM riiiliriii •> Klritaar nikI Jii>Iiuii,
lUiil Hiixlillillxoufiing Willi ilium, It i Imiil iiio.iij
!*• r hiiii uii Iha miililaiii, mul ha iliiaii^nrvil in «
• rrtNlu mltr), aUtiuii||h k« wriit* In lh« liul)
iMMilid III'! I"* >U*<f, Mfilrh Ntia ili>iii> lint uf t>»t
(••llhiv •liiiMlil vrnliira (o Ml.V, th«t litcauM o(
111* aifVaarilimiry tirlii* hr wtiil lultuil.
40. Nnw Mufft (ivril in ill imn humlrril nml
iwrnl) .v'HrNi iilliiril|mrl (ifMliirli tiui*, hIwIiiik
>in« niunlli. lie tvu> Ilia |it>i>fil«'a rulrri aiKJ lit'
iliaii un ill" liMl iHiiirlh uf llii> yaar, Mliith i>
lallail li) llii' Mai'tilonlina *l))>lrua,' bul liy u<
' Aduri' oil lliii tiral <\n\ ol the iimiiiiIi, llr wii*
iinr Ihal ) »^•'v<lrll nil ni«n lliaC ivtr win, in iiii'
•liirilnmlinM, iiiiil nmilr Ilia lirtl Wf of ivlml tlmt
umlaritiimriHK tiijIKvaltiil In liim. Ili' hml uttrv
gnirful Mii> III ifMialiiiiK, III uililn»litK iliV
I niuJIiliDlc, aiHl. K» In hi* nlhrr >|itiitltr*tioM. IM
kaJ 'Ul h ■ ImII i <iiutiiaii<l •>( liM |mt>iiin<, aa if
he UariUji hail ant inth in ))i4 xnit, aiwl ouljp
Inlaw llirni li| tliiir naiiiai, aa ralliar pariaitlng
Ihani in iillirr iii»n (Imn iii IiIhihII', i|* wm altu
•III h a K*'"*"''*' "^ ■*■< Hrmi.aa {• )*IiIimh wu, M
will M mil li a |iri)|ih»l •• n»i nrvar kuown, anil
Ibialii Mirli II Hl^iirvi', llial wkalMir^i r ha |iru'
i|3iiKciil )ii>H Miiiilil lliinli yon hranl lh» viil» ul
liiK^'TiiMiMilf, Sii Ihn |iaii|ila nntuiii'il fur him
Ihirly ilata: nur iliil ctrr any (ritfao ilrrfiK af.
iKt III)' luiiri'wo a> iliil iliia Mfiun lh« lUalh ul'
M>»a» niir HI II' lliiifa ihiil hail r<|wri«ne*il Iik
I'liiiiliti t lliK unit pi fauna llintdtaircil him, but
lliiiai' iiUii lliat |n i'immI Iht' luwa ha laft ti<hlil(l
hull, liiiil n •Irciiig iliairr allir him, uiul l)| Ihria
KUlhari'il llir ) ilraiinlinary virlua li* waa ma«(rr
III'. Ami Ihia aliall anlltci' fur Iha tltdiinilinn ol
I (ha inaMiitr ol' llii' liaulli iif AluaM.
IJOOK V.
COSr*INIXOTIIR
KTrnVAI. op KOI}R IIIIN|IRI;il \M> HHVllHTV MIX VKA|IH.
IIKATII OK MOHUH 'lO T.IIK l»K VTfl Of I'.l.l.
-mOM TUB
(HA I'. I. ,
//»H' Jm/iim, (At f 'aihmAni/rr «/ tljt llilirrvf.
maJt It ar ii-ilk llu Cannanilig, anil nvifrnuu
Ihim, nnJ dulroytil Ihim, and iliniltd Ihtir
Land by Lot to tkt Trihit of lurati.
t I. Whicn .Mutra ttiiili.ki'iiHwuy lV»m annnif;
nil ■■• in Ihn hiunm'r alrraily di'arriliiil, ami whin
all the ■olnninllii'a hclunging In Ihr munniiii|i^ lor
him Mtara Hnlahcd, ami Iha (orruw for liiiu Hua
MVrr, Jii^huii coiiinmuilril Ihi' mnlliluili- lu ltd
Ihrnurtvra rruily fur an ruiiiiilion. Iln al<u
•ml iiiiia lo Jericho, In iliiroviT u lial forcri ihiy
hud, and nhnt tverc llit'ir inUnlipua; Imi h« |iiil
III) romp in urdrr, utrliUetuliiiK touii In |ia<» mi r
Jordan at n (irnpir Mnaon. And callini; In liini
the ruliri ul'llir Itilic of Ki'nliil, uiid Ihi' |;i»«'r-
niira of Ihc trilii' of (iiul, and { thi.'hull Iribc ul j
Mamaai'li- for half of Ihi* Iribu hud brvn |i«r-
niillrd lo havr llicir lialiltaliun in ihi; I'linntr^ of
Ih' Annirilit, wliiili nun llu- bcvmlli purl ot Ihc
land of Canuuii,* h« put llitm in luiiid nhiit tliry
had pruniiard iMnu'a: uiid he ashorli'd Ihini,
that for Ihv >ul>i! orllii; cai'r lliiit Moat a hud lu-
ken of lliviii, ulio hud uuvcr lii'rii wiury of l:i-
kiiiK mini for Uiini, mi, not when he nua dyiii);,
Hiin for III* ialiti of the public wrlfnrt', tin y
•vould prrnaik thrmatlvia, iiiid rindily piirforin
what thcv liaa proiiiiat'di ao lu: took iil'ty tlion-
fkltd of tiK'ni who followed liini, iiiid h« nmrihrd
from Abiltr lu Jordan, aixt^r furloni;*.
2. Now whrn he \i\A pitched iiin 'tramp, th«
•pita came to him imuiUiaUlt , ivrll aciiv^inlid
with tlic «vhol<i alutv er the C'liiiunnitca: for, at
•The Amorlica wcrconeofllieiM'vtn nntlonaofCiv-
RUn. .IlenreRelunilia willing loanp|MweilintJaa«|thna
did not here mean Ihnt llieir Inhd heyond Jordan waa a
K*enlli part of tint tyliole land of <'a|iann, luit meant i he
AmOf itea nil a aevriith nullon. Ilia reniion In, Ihnt JoMv
nhua,.aa well a(onrlilhlea,||enernnyili«tlnguiah the land
Myond Jordan from the janil of t.'iinnnn: nor ran It N-
denied, Hint In •trkltieaa tliey were ilitrxrfent; yet after
two Irlbea and a linlfnf llic twrlve triliearnme lo iiiliprit
K, It miflil, In a tienernl w&y n itniri her, lie well Inrliiiled
nnrier the land of Canaan, or I'nlealine, or Jailrn: of
which wo haven rieareinmple here before uain Joiic-
phna, wlioae woriU cvlttailly imply, lliat iBlfnn ilie
whole land of Cannun, or Iniit inbahlled hy all the twelve
' trilwi locether, and panini; It Into leven part*, the part
Aeyond Jordan waa In quanlliy of cmnnil one aevrnlb
part of the whole. And llila Well enonsh tureea to Be-
land'aowd map of tbiit coqniry, ollhoniili thia land
Mfond Jordan waaMiweuilariy fiFMiinii mil (ood fiH
'Mtcturftfa. aa the two trihea nnd a half took Mtire,
Nnmh. xxili. K4,1ll,ihntil maintained kboutH Alth
pan oftbe whole people.
T It plainly appeara by the blatoiy of iliete aplea. and
liral, liefim Ihvy niie at all iliarnvcred, they
I0..I1 II lull iiiw ol IIk' city i|f Jericho wilhuul
diatiiibiiuii', nii>l anw which piirU of the walla
nire almiiK, hiiiI Mhicli iinrla were otherwiae,
uiid Imlreil inarriiri, aiiu uliich of tile Kutea
wira ao mak na ndght afford an »nlraiic« lo
Ihiir urm^v. .Now llioar that met Ihi in look in>
niilicc ul lluin when lliey anw them, auil aiippo-
<eil iliej neri only alrant[«ra, who nted to be
very inrioiia ill ob'i'ervinic evtiry lhin|r in Ihxrit^,
iiiuf did not luke iheni lor rnemiea; but at even
till V relirid lo a ri riain inn that waa near to the
niifl, nliilhir the} 'urni to lut their aupper
which anpfier wht il lliey bud done, und were
Ciiiiaiderini); how lo |;>:l awny, infornmlion Waa
Kiveii |o ilic kiliK Ul bu wna at aup|ier, thai
llierc tvere •uiiia! peraona. coiiilt from the Mi -
briHa' CHinji, lo vliw the lily aa apira. und ihut
they were in the inn kept by lluhub, and were
VI ry aoliciluna lliut they nii^hl Hot be diacover-
I'd; 111 he Kent iinmeirnitely aoine In thein. and
comiiiiiniliil to catcli tliein, and brin^ IhijH to
Idiil, Ihut hr niiKht exuinine thcin by torture,
und. leuru what their bualiirat wiia ihere. Aa
Mion ua liulinb underalood ihut Iheae metieiiKen
were coniin|r, alio hid the apitia under the ttalka
of lla\ whiil^ Were laid lo dry on the top of htr
houae, und auid to the nieaa>ii|;era that were aeni
liy the kiuK, Ihut cerluin iiiiUnowii atrnui^rra huil
snp|H.'d willt her u litlle before annaettinji;, und
were gone' away, who nii|rht rnaily tie taken if
they were utiy terror to tlie city, or likely lu
briiix liny ilunKer lo the kinj(: ao theae iiieaaen-
l^era being thuadeluiK^d by the woiiian.f and tua-
ihclnnkerpi'rRahnh'adrrcpllonaftbcklniiofJericha'a
mcaaennnra, by tellini llieni what waa falic, In order to
anve tlin IIvch uf Hie ipleii, nml yet the ^renl romnienda.
lion of lier faith anil kooiI norkii in Ibo New Tealanieni,
Hell. xl. :M; Janiea il. 'i^, na well na by many oilier pa
rnlleleiuiuplcaltothln the Old Tcalumeiil und in Jot*-
(ibua. Iliiii the lieitt men ihd not llieii acruple to derelva
Iboae pulilii' enemiei, who iiiii(lit jiiatly be deatroyeil;
iianlao inlnlitilerelve IM men hi orderte anve life, and
ilelivi^r tbenirelvea from Hie lyrnnnv of their liiijuat
onprcHsora, nnd thIa by ^ejlnitt d'irori fiilaetioiida; 1 mean
ail thla where no iimli wiia dcmaiuled of ihem, other-
wlae tliey never durat venlnrR on audi u procedure.
Nor wn* Joaepbua liimH'lf of any other opinion or prar-
lice, aal ihall remark In the note An Anlli). b. Ix. clinp.
Iv. tert.n, andoliaervc, that 1 allll call iliia woman Ra
Jiah, an Innkeeper, not a burlol, the whole of thia blalo-
ry hoth In our n/plea, and eapecally In J'oaephua, Im
ptyini no more. i( waa Indeed ao fiequem • inlng,
that women who #ere Innkeeperawere alao harlot*, or
inalnlalner* of harlol*,lhat the word commorhr u*ad tat
real harlota waa uanallr fWcn Ihem. Bee Dr Bernard'*
note here, and Judgea li, 1, and Anil, b, t. ch vILtncL I
BOOK V -' MAP. I.
tnlillraltoiM, bt
|Hi*>liiiia, ru if
> aoiil, aiwl iMiljF
lliar (Hiri'oivINg
(, i|« WM •!•»
)f liliMII Wru, ■■
'»r known, itnd
iMirvi r ha |iru-
inl Ihai viilir III
<urB>'il l<ir hull
•<( <o (lrr|)l% Mf-
III ill* ittitln III'
rii|i«ri*n«*il liK
•ircil him, but
h» Irrt tiihliiil
III, mill l>| thria
> li<> wilt niii«(rr
» dtclnntlinii ot
M.-mOM TUB
Uriivcrtil, lluiy
Jirii;lii> withiiul
la of (li« walla
«rri utlit'i'WKi-,
li 1)1' (lir Kuliri
mi •nlrmti'x lu
it lliriii look III)
nil, null aiippu-
'hn UMil III br
hiiiir in (lixril^,
•a; itut lit •■•••n
waa ni'ur to Ihi-
t llii'ir Npiirr
lohi', uml wfi'i'
iforniHlion waa
lit aiipiur, tliHI
I'riiiii till' III ■
I ipira, unil lliut
limb, mid were
lot III' iliai'over-
e in tli«in, uml
lirinK IIk'IH tu
lilt liy tiirturf,
iviia tliiTP. Aa
I'Hr nK'tii'iiKin
tiidrr the italka
(he top of her
I that wrre aim
i. alniujrrra hud
■ iiiiarttinii;, uiid
lily he taken It
y, ur likely tu
thi'ai' niiaaen-
oiuan.f and aua-
tklnnofJerirhe'd
I fnlac, In order to
(real romniemlB'
NewTcatamenl,
many olhpr pa
iirnl uiul III Joae-'
crupin lo ilerolva
>(ly lie itiiatroyeil;
r le anve life, ami
y of tlieir liiiJuM
iltelioiidc I mean
I of ihem, other-
icli a procedure,
ir opinion or prar-
^nllq. I>. li.rlinp.
I liiia woman R«
lioleoflliialiialO'
in J'oaephua, loi
00-
freqiiem • tlilH(,
re alao harloli, or
DOimoKhr uaad Ibr
SceDr Beniar4'«
i.r.cli vILwcLl
pecliitf Hii iin)n«iti\)n, Weill Ihelr wayi willimil
Ht MHi h aa •larrhluc the Inn, HmI Ihay iiiiiiiiill-
iit*ljr.|Hiraii*d ibein arinc Ihuae fueda whiili tb«y
iNnal jirolMlily aiip|i<>«rd ihein Ik liaaa gnnv, and
IMrliiMlHrly Uliiai' whiih l*i| in Ihe riter, but
mull I h>*r no lldiOKa nf iheini au Ibry left iilt' the
IwliK nf any farlher iiurauil. Hut whvn the lu-
mull wt« nirar. Hahab brnu(ht the men down,
»m\ deairad them, «• aoifn aa thf* ahitiild have
iilitaineil pMaeaaMn <if the land iif ('iinaan, when
II would >•• III iht-ir piiwer In make her Hiiienda
fur hef |>n>aenr.ili.in of Ihriii, in rrnieiiilicr whnl
lUaKer ahe had undrr||une I'.ir Iheir aakeai fiir
that if (he had Itrei.i rauaht riiiii-ealiiif Iheiii, ah*
could not ha«e ear«|ied a Irrrible dralrurtiun,
•he and all her family with Ift-r, and ao hid Iheiu
fcnhomc: and draircd thrm Id awear lu her. In
|irea*rte her and her fuiudy, when thry ahniild
lake lh« cily, ami de^rlly all lie lulialHlanta, ta
IheV IimI decreed In do, for ao far »hc aaid ahe
had been aaanreil l.y iboae divine miiwle* <tf
tvhirh ahe hud liren inbirnied. So Iheae apiea
4«'kniii>ledK<'d, Ihat they owed ber Ihanka fur
what ahe bad dun* alremly, and witllnl tw^nre to
niqnile her kindnraa; not only in worda but in
deed* I but they |^te ber thia advio-, Ihat when
«be abniild iien-eiire that Ihe city «ra4 abuut i» be
taken, ahe ahnulil put hrr Kiinda, and all her fa-
mily, by way of aerurily, in ber iiiii. mid lii hauK
out ararli't Ihreaita liefor* her tjamn, [nr win-
ijuwa,] that the conmiaiuler uf the llebrewa
iniKht know her hnu'r, and lakx rare to do ber
no harm; fur, aaid they, we will iu^riif bwii uf
Miia nialtrr, brcauie of the niiH-rrii Ihou hii»< liaj"
to preaerar ua. but if iWy one Of thy fauiily Ml
in the hnttle, do not thou blame ua; and we b^-
•etrh Ihat (ind. bv'-Mihiini we have aworn, niit
theii lo be diapleaned with ua. aa thiiUKli we IihiI
hnftan our oalha. Sa rfnte liien, when they had
mail* thiiHureninrnl, went away, lilliiiK I|h<iii-\
■elvra down liv n rtpe from the Widl, •in! r,ni|i, d,
mill came mid tuld Iheir own p<>iipliFHhiilvii<(«r
ihev bad done in lliiijr journey lo tliia rilv,
.fnahila alto Inid KleiUHr, Ibe biitb |>rir>l,iiml tin-
•ennli', what lhi< a|Hra liud aworp lu'ltiihidi. who
(Onlirnied what hnil been awurn.
J. Now, while J^ahun the coinniander waa mi
fear alioul their |iiiaaiu|; o*er Jordan, for Ihe
rieer nm with a alron|c current, mid lumld nut
he paattd over with bridg;i>a, for lh«'ri- nivir hnil
licen briilKea laid over it hilherli), and while In-
kuaiH'i'trd, Ihnl if he ahiiuld attiiiipt to iiiiike a
hridKe, that the rill miea Would not afford biiu lime
to pcrCe^t it.and »n for l'i'rrydioata,lhi-y hiid none,
lioal promiied ao lo diapuie of the river, t|ial they
nii|(ht paaa over it, and that by liikinK twin the
■main part of lu walrrt. So Joahun, after two-
da^ya, cauaed the army and the whol^niullilude
lo pa«a over in Ihe ninni|i>r folluwinr: the prie«ta
went firat of all, hhyinK the nrk willl (Jn'm; then
went i\fK I.evilea, benrin); the tabernncle iirid the
ve«Mla which b(iloii|;rd to Ihe aai-riliira; alter
whiib the entire niulliluile f.dlowed nrr'ordinir lo
Iheir tribea, havinif their thildr*-p mid their wi ven
in Ihe inidjt of tlieni, aa beliitf nfrnid for them
leal they abould be borrte awSy by Ihe utri iiiii.
But a» aoon «i the pricala hi^ entered the river
lir»l, it ap|M'nred fordiihle, ijie depth of the water
being reHtraiiKKl.iind the iiand up|>rHriii|; at Ihe
bpttoin. becuuae Ihe i^rrent wai neither ao
atrons nor ao iwift n< lo carry it hwhv by il«
(brce: ao they all pa«iied over the riVer'withoiil
fear, fnidinp it toVi, in the very aanie atate aa
Uod had foreloM he aruuld pnt it in: Imt the
prieati alood atiji in the niidat of the river till -the
multitude ahoufd be pnaaed ovelr, anil ahoiild get
to the aliorc ill lafety ; nnd when all were go
Bill
u eer , the p r i ei ts c a n ie out alao. and wrnirtted
the current to run freely, -aa it used lo do hefure.j
Accordingly, the river, ai aonn ai the Hebrew/^
wer* roineont of it. nroae ngnin preacntlv, a|irt {
taiM t& it* own pru|>er magnitude at before
•I H.I ilie IMirewa weal on farther llfty fur
laMfl', iind plli'hcd their railip at Ihe .lialame nf
ten furli)nga frimi Jeriehn, bul .liMihua bull! «»
allur uf ilhia* atonea, whnh all the hewla of (ha
tribe*, at the i'.imnimi<l of the priipban hail
taken out of the deep, lo In, at'lerward a m*
inorial III Ibe diviainn of ih* alrraiii ul thia river
and ii|Hiii It ullered aiarriHi'v lo tiodi and In |ha|
place lelebraled Ihe paaaoarr, and had rreal
denly ol all Ihe Ibinga *hlch the/ wmiled hi
Iherlo, frtr Ibry re*|ied Ihe corn of ibi< raiiaan-
llea. wbii h *ria now ripe, an^ look i.llier iNlnga
at prey, ibr then il waa ihal Iheir former f>M>d,
whlrb wet nian^, and iH which they bad ealen
flirty venrt, failed Ibeui.
S. Now, whd* the Lg|klitca did Hilar and Ihe
(^anaaiiitea did not alA|^bem, liHl kkpt Ibmi.
aelvai ipiiel wilbin Iheir own walU, J.iahim re
aolved III beaiege them ; ••> on the bral lUv of ihe
feaal (of the iNtaaoverj Ihe prirala carried Ihe
ark round about, with tome fMrt of ihe aniMrf
men to be a guani to it. Tiieae peli at. went for-
wani, Idiiwiiig with their aeven trumiMta, and
ethorled the army to be nf gyod inuraite, ami
went rouia about ll|e city, wilb llie ariiale (ot>
lowing Ihfini and wti«n the, pri>a|« Imil only
blown w/lb the tniiii|i*la, bir they did iiolhiAr
more at kill. Iliey relumed to the cninp. And
when llie\ had done. Iliii fur aix diii". on. tJie
■rveiitb Joalnu gHlheriil logellier the nrii'ied
men, unil ull Ihe people together, ami lild them
thia giioil . liilinK, that (he riiy ahoiild iimv li«
taken, abice (lod wuuhl on Ihat day ^ive il thrni
by Oie 'fulling diiwrn uf Ihe walla, mid ihia of iheir
own accord, ami wilhoiil ihiirlidior, lloHiver,
hi- charged ihem to kill every one ihiy ahould
lake, and itot lolibatnin (rum the ahiugbler i<l
their eiDimea, either for. weurineaa, ur lor pitv,
ami not lo f,i|| on the apoil, and lie then by ifl-
verled liom piirauing lliiir eiiemit a, »• ihcv run
Hwuy; but lo ile,lniy all the iinlinala, uiid to iaku
nothing lor lln-ir own pt'cnlmr adviiniHge. He
I'omiimiided them alto lo lirin>; logrlhei nil Ihe
ailvt r and gold, that il niigfii In ,.t HpHrt na
fi«>t-fridl< ii'nfo tir^l out ol (hi. glnriiiua exploit, '
aa-hnving gotten them from llie i ilv lhc\ Aral
l"iil», only thai they aliuidd ■.ine KhIihIi iMii her
kindred alive, becauae of Ihe iiiith wliii h lh«
tpin had Mvorn lo her.
9. When he bad tuid thia, iiiiil hiid "el hi,
army irifiirder, he liroiighl it nirniiivt the cilv; iu
tliiy wi*,nl round the liiy nguiu. tlii- iirk jf-.tiig
before etieiii, and the lirieala •iicimi-iiKiiu the
[leople lo be teiiluiia In the work ; Mild wiiert tbe'v
h/id gone round il aeven liliiea, mid hud «too<l alill
a little, Ihe wnli fell down, while 110 liiatrmiunl*
of war, nor liny other f»rce,^nii» a;>pli«d lo it br
Ihe llebrewa.
7. S(( they entered into Jericho, nnd alew nlf
the nieli Ihiit were therein, wiiih- tlu-i were af-
li'ighled nt the aurfiriaing nverlhnmot'the walla,
mill llicir courage waa become u«i lei-i, and Ihev
were not able lo defend Ihciux In.; ao theV
weie alain, nnd Iheir throat, cut, «oiiie in the
ivaya, and olhipa at rjiiight in Ihi'ir houiet;
nothing artoided Ihem ttaaHtiiiicj , Imt Ihev all
|)erithe«l, eVeil to Ibe wiiniin uiid the chrlilitn,
and the ritr wat titled wi(h ileiiil iiodiea, nnd not
one peraori e<ca|ied. They nUo liiimt Ihe whole
city iiiid the country ahoiit it; but they aaved
alive Kulinb and her fanilly, who hiid DeiU lu
her tun. And vjlicn tfic iviia bi-oight - to htm,
Jotliua owned to hVr llj)it they owed her thankt
for her prcaervalion ot' Ihe i«|iieii. So >* taid h»
would not appear to bo behind her in hit bene,
faction to her; whereupon he gave her certain
landt immeiliately.Biid had her in greuleMeeni
ever oXIerward.
8. And if ally part of the cilv earaped the fire,
he orerthmr^it from Ihe foundation; mid Im
denounced a I'ur.e Hgaiitfi iii, iidlnbilania, if aiir
one etioul'! '.Iftlre lu rtlnjdd r., bov, upon hit
10»
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JE^VS.
laying tlie ^undat'iDii of tl)« witlli, bn iliould hn
deprived of hit niclot ton, and upon flniihiiiK il.
lie ihould loM hi* youncMt ion. Kiit irhut nap-
paiMil hereupon we ihill Kpcak uf licriiafter..*
8. Now ihera nu an imnieimA <|uaiitit}r of lil-
vrr and Koldf and brtidea thole, of 4iniM alio,
that wni heaped together out of the cil'y wben it
»'«• taken, no one frnnii;;rpHing the decree, nor
purloining for tlioir own pcrull»r odvantuge;
which ipoili Joihua delivered to the prieitl, to
b« laid up among 'their treaiurca. And thu* did
Jericho periah.
10, But there wan onn ' Achnr.'f the ion [of
Chordii, the noil] of /cbediaa, of the tribo of
Judnh, who, finding a ruyal garment woven en-
#r(!l/ of gold, and a piece 01 gold that weighed
two hundrtd ihckeli,) and thinking it a very
hard caie, that whiit apoila bv, by running lonie
hniard, had found, hu inuat givi- away, and oiler,
it to (>od, who atnud in no need of it, while he
that wanted it must go without It. miidc n deep
ditch in hii own lent, and \niA them up therein, an
■oppoting he ihouId not only be concealed from
hi* felloiv->oldicr«, but from (!od hiniaelf alto,
11. Now, the plar.r where Joshua pitched hit
camp waa calltd '(rll^iil,' which deiiotea * liber-
tv;*) for since now they had passed over Jordan,
they looked upon thenisclvc-H as freed from the
■ iiiiseriea whicli tliey Iiad unileri;oii« from tb«
K^pyptiana, and in tlic nildcrneits.
. 12. -Now. a few days after the calamity that
befell Jericho, Joshua avnt thr«e tliounaml arlnnd
men to take Ai, a city situate nbijve. Jericho;
but upontho fight of th'v peoplu'of Ai with them
. they wenf driven back,' and lost ihirtyTsix of
their men, Wheii this wiis told the iKrarlltes, it,
iimde them very sad, and exceedingly disconso-
late, not ao miich because of the relation the
men that were destroyed bare lo Ihciii.'tliough
those that were destroyed tvert; nil good nirn,
stnd deaerved their ei'teeiu, as bv the deapair it
occasioned; for while they believed that they
were already, in eflect, in poasessiun of the land,
and ahoiild bring back the army out of the bnt-
tlei withi^t loss, as God. had proinised before-
hand, they now law unexpectedly thei^ enemiia
bold with success; so they put sackcloth over
their garments, and continued in tears and lamen-
tation all the day, without the least inquiry after
food, but laid what had ha|>pi'ned grsally to'heart.
13. When Joshua aa\V the army so much af-
flicted, and possessed with foreboffings of evil as
to their whole expedition, lie used freedom with
Uodr and said, "We are not come thus far out
of any rashncas of our owu, as tholl^h we thought,
ourselves able to subdue this land with our owii
weapons, but at the iiistij^ation of Moses tliy ser-
vant for this purjiose, tx^rause thou hast promis-
ed ua by many sign^, that thou wouldsf f>;ive us
this land for a post^issiou, and that thou woiildet
make our .army always superior in war to our
vhemiea, and accordingly some success has al-
4'aya attended upon ua, agreeably to thy promis-
es; but because wc have now unexpectedly
been foiled, and have lost some .men out of our
* tjMrfi occasion brtliis devotion of Jericho to de-
atruction. and the exein|itary |tuniahment of Aeban
who hWkethnl 'rhercm'or ■aiiatlicnin.' anil of the
punishment of the I'utiirc I'rcaker of it, Kiel, 1 Kin^s
tvi. 34, as also ol' tiic pulii<ilinieht of Saul, for lire.ikinj;
the like cherein, or nniitlrninii, against tlie Amalekites,-
] Siira. XV. we may ol<scrve wlint wnx the true meaniiiir
ofthat law, t,«v. xivii. ^. ■'None devoiei), which
■bait lie devoleil of men, shall he rcdccincd; l<ut M^
•urely be put to death." i. e. whenever any of Die JMvs'
public enemim liadhecn for tlieirwirkednen,aoIeinnly
devoted to destruction, according to the divine icotn-
mand, aa were (enerally the seven wicked nutions of'
Canaan, and thoae ainneri the Aroalekitea, 1 Bam, xv.
IB, it was utterly unlawful to permit thoae eiicmiea to
lie red)!eined, hot they were to be all utterly destroyed.
B ^ e al io Wu u ib. xxi S,%
army,, we are griivrd at itt fli fearing what thoa ,
liHst promised ua, and what .M<mra foretold oi,
cannot be depended on by ua; and our future
expectation trouble* ua the mure, berauae we
have met with such a diulMar in thia our first at-
tempt. But do ihoji, O Lord, free us from these
auspicious, far (bnu art able to find a cure for
these disiirilera, by giving ua victory, which Will
both take awuy the grief we are in at prnaent,
and prevent our diatrust as to what ia tocome."
14. Theae jjDterceasiona Joahua put up to God,
aa he lay proatrate on hia face: whereupon Ood
answered him, " That he ahould rise up and pu-
rify hi* hoit frnhi the pollution which was got
into it: that things consecrated tu me have been
impudently stolen from me: and that thirhas
been the occasion why this defeat has happened
to them: and that when they ahould tearcn out
and punish the offender, he would ever take care
they should have the victory over their enemies."
lliia Jorhua lold the people; and raiting for EW-
lar the )iigh priest, and the men. in authority, he
cast lots, tribe by trilie, and wheq thf lot showed •
thlit this wicked action was done by one of the
tribe ^f Judah, hethcn again proiiosrd the lot to
the several fumilies thereto belcmKing, so the
truth of thi<i wicked action was foflnd to belong
lo the family of /nchar;'and when the inquiry
was made iiiun by man, they look Achar, who
UfKin God's reducing him to a terrible extremity,
could hot deny the fact; so he confessed the theft,
and produced ivliat he had taken in the midst of
them, whereupon he Waa imhieiliatelv put to
death; and attained no nio^je than to be quried
in the night in a disgraceful manner, and such as
was suitnbleito a condemned pialefactor.
i>lo. When Joshua had thus purified the host,
he led them against Ai ; and having by nip;ht laid
an ambush round about the city, he attacked the
enemies ns soon as it was day; but as they ad-
vanced boldly against the Israelites, because of
their foriiier victory, Itc made them believe he
retired, and by that means drew them a great
way from the rity, they still supposing that they
we're pursuing their enemies, ana despised thrm
as though the case had been the same with that
in the former battle; after which Joahua ordered
his/orces to turn about, and placed them againat
their fnint: he then made the aignnia agreed
upon to those that lay in dinbush, and so excited
them to iightrso they ran suddenly into the city,
the iuhabiianta being upon the walls, nay, other*
of tlieni being in perplexity, and coming to see
those that were witliont the galea. Accordingly,
these ni'-n took the city, and alew all that tiiey
met with, but Joshua (breed those that qanie
against him, to cuine tu a close light, and dis-
comfited them, and made them rpii away; and
when they *ere driven towards the city, and
thought it had not heen touched, as soQn as they
saw it wiia taken, and perceived it was burnt, -
with their wives and children, they wandered ,
aboiit the fields in a Scattered condition, and were
noway able to defend themielvea, because they
had none to support them. Now wlien thia ca-
the common ropief, Uit.Aekar, as here in Jo*ephu*,and
in the A postoUcnl (Tonatiiul, B. vil. ch. ii. and elsewhere,
is evident hy the .illusion to that ininie In the rurae of
Josiiiia,;- Why hast thou trnul led ua? The I.oril shall
trauMe (he*" where the Ilelirew words allude only to
(lie name Athar, liut not Aehaji. Acrordlnely this Val-
ley of Arti.ir, or Arlior,wos, andis a known pUirc.a
little north of Gili^l.ao called from the da va of Joshua
till this tiny. See Josh. vil. 26; Isa. Ixv. !(); Hos. ii. ij;
and Dr. Bernard's notcv here.
t Here Dr. BcmanI very Justly observes, that a few
words are dropped oiitof Josephus's copies, on account
of the repetition of the word **«(:«/«, and that if onght
to be read thus: " A pieceof gold that weiitlied 50 shek-
els, and one of silver that weished 300 shekels," as In -
ou r other cotwes, Jpshng vli. il.
i 1 axree here witn lir. Bornard.and approve of J<iii~
phus<* interpretation of Gilgal for littrfy. BeeJ<»li.V.t
r Tlitf the nn«ic of tbis thi€f w» not Jlehaii, as in
.^
BOOK v.— CHAP. 1.
Iwnity wu come upcn tlic men or Ai, tlivrr wcrr
■ gr««l nuiiibvr. (il cliililreii, iinij wumrn, and
kervuitf, mill an imiiitnio i|uunlitv of I'urni-
ture. The tlrbrewi aUo luok 4irriU of caMlo,
and a grtkt d«iil of money, for (Iim wiii a rich
country. So when Joahua uuiiic (o liil);Bl, he
illvideil all (li<s«i- ipoiU ouion); (lie iinl<!ier».i
III. Uut thu UibconiU'ir, uriiu inhabiitui very
near to Jeruialcni, wlicn, tliry kaw what niiaeriet
linil happenwi to th* inhnbitiintt of Jerirlip, and
lollinae of Ai, aiid iiU9|H'rli'd that (he like lore
i:tiliiqii(y would couie ni far a» ik^imtUitt, thw
(lid not think lit tu auk for iiieh;y of Jualiuu,fur
ih«.y»up|>o»ed tijty ahould lind nttlenwrcy from
hnii, who made war^ that h& niit;ht entirety dc-
»ti-oy the iiatiuii of the Cunaanilea, but they
invited the |Mio|)le uf Cephinih and Kirialhje-
rim.who were their nKighbora„lu join in league
with (hem; and toUOhem, that neither could
tliey thetuaelvua nv^^lie dan(,'cr ibiy Were all
in, if the I|iraeliteiM|pKild iirtvent. them, and
lieixe U]ion t\\f:ii\; »o When (iiey fi'ud (icrauaded
, they resolved to endeavor to escape the
1 of the larat'titi'S. AccordinKll t upon their
IQI
them
forces of the larattitis. Accordingly, upon their
agreement (o what (bey ptojjoaeil, they atiit am-
balfadora (o Josliiia, to n^ke a league of frieufl-
ahtp with faim, dnd (hoae audi of (he cititena u»
; J»ere beat approved of, ami niuit capable of duing
^hat WB« mokt advnntageoua to (he multitude.
i\ow these nwbuiiMdors thought it dnngeroua to
cpufcsatheniHelveatubre Cunaanilea, but thought
they might, by thia contrivance, avoid the dan-
ger, namely, by abyliijr that they bare no relation
to the Caiiaaiiite^.at ull, but dwelt tit u very great
diataiice from Ihcui: and they said farther, that
they cnme a loiig way on account of the reputa-
uoii he had gained for his virtue; and aa a mark
iif the truth of what (hey aaid, they ihowed him
the habit tlicy wire in; for that their clothea
were new when they came out, but were greatly
worn by the length of time they had be<!n in
their journey, for indeed they took tom'vir-
iuenta oil purjKiae that they might make him
believe »b. So they stood in (lie midat of tliepco-
iile, and said that they were sent by the people of
(iibeon. und bf the circiinijaceot cities, which
were very remote from the Utnil where they now
were, to make such a league of friendship with
tlieui, and (his on such conditions- as were cus-
tomary among (heir forefa(bers; for when they
understood, llmt, by tlie favor of God, and his
gift to them, they were to have the possession
of the land of Canaan beatowed u|>on ineiii, they
said, that they were very glad to hear it, and
desired to be admitted into the namberof their
cilixens. Thus ilid these ambassadors speak;
and, ahotviii^ them the marks of ' their long
lourney, they eiitii:ated the Hebrews to make u
leaifuc of friendship with tfaeiii. Accordingly,
'oabua believing what they said, and that ihiy
v*ere not of the nation of the Canoanites. enter-
ed into friendship witli them; and Ulcazar the
high priest, with the lanate, aware to them, that
they would esteem them their friends and asso-
ciates, apd woiild attempt nothing that should
be unfair against (hem, (he multitude also assent-
ing to the oaths that were made to them. , So
these men, having obtained what they desired,
by deceiving tbe_ Israelites, went home: but
tvhen Joshua led his army to the country at the
* Whether this lengthening of the day, liy the stnnillni'
still of the sun and moon were physical, and real, liy tlii>
niirariilous stopjiaso of (lie diurnal motion of the eiirlli
lor ahout ball' a revolution, or whether only nppurnnt,
l>y aerial pkoaphori linitHtiii; tlie sun mid liioon as sta-
tionary so knur, wliile rlouda and the night lilu the real
oneif,apd this p:irliclion, or mock suns affurdini; aulR-
■'.icint light for Jut>liuu's pursuit anit complete victory,
(which aerial phatjihorilw utliur shapes liavc heen more
than ordinarily roiiiiiioii of Inic yi'i<ri>.) rnnnot now lie
determined; pliilosnphcra and astroiioniers will natural-
l y In sll n e la I hl s l att e r hypoili e sia. — In i l i^n e an time,
the Qiel itself was mentioned in the book ofTaslier now
iHittom of the nioiinlain of this port of Camian
he uiidtTstiiod llinl the Giheunilea dwell not fi«r
from Jeruaalini, and (hfit (hey were of (he alock
of the Caiiaani(ea, so hewMU fortliiir governnrs
Huil reproached them ivlib the cheat they had
iiut ii[)oirhimi but they nllegid on (heir own
bihall. (hat they had no other way to aavc tliVni-
atlvea but that, and w^re (herelbre furred to
have ri'courae to it. So be called for Kleaiar
(he high jirieat, and for (he arna(e, who (hough(
CiglU (o mak« them public arrvanU, lliat (hey
inlglidiot break (he oa(h they had made tithrin;
am! (bey ordained (hrm (o Be ao. And iMs wiia
(he ine(hod by which (lieae men found aiif<-ly
and securi(y under the calamity (hat was readv
to over(ake them.
17. But the king of Jerusalem took it lo Itiart
(ha( (he Gibeoni(es had gone over (o Joahua; «>■
he called upon the kinga of (he neighboring ua-
(ions (o join (ngether and to make war nguinst
them. Now, when (he t>ilieuni(es saw tlirse
kings, which were four besides (he king of Jerp-
saleni, anil perceived that they had pitched their
camp at a Certain fountain not far from theircity,
and tvere get(ing ready fir the siege of i(,1hcv.
called upon Joshua (o aasi3( (hem; for such wlit
(heir case, as (o Kxpfr( (o be des(royed by these
Canaanitea, hut tu suppose they sliould bo sa.<
ved by those (bat came for(hedi's(ruc(ionpf(he
Canaani(ea, because of the league of friendship
that was between them. Accordiiiglv, Johhui
made hasta with his whole army tq. assist them
and marching day and night, iu (hfemorning he
fell upon the enemies as they wer^going up to
the siege, and when Nfi batlinacomfited them, he
followed them, and uursui^d |h«m doWn the de-
acent of the hills: This place 1« called 'Beth-
horon;^ where he^plao u^derMood tliat (]od as-
sisted biiu, which Se declared hy thuii'der and
thuDderhoUs, as also by the failing of hail larger
than usual. Moreover, it happened that the day
was lengthened,* that the night might 'not come
on too soon, and bo'an obstruction to (he zeal of
the Hebrews in pursuing their eneniies, inso-
much, that Joshua took the kings, who were hid-
den in a certain cave at Makkedah, and put them
to^fleaib. Now that the day was lengthened at
this '.ftne, and was longer than ordinary, is ei-
preded in the books laid up in the temple.f
18. Those kings which made war with, ami
were ready to fight the IJibeoniteS, hting that
overthrowu, Joahua returned again to the moun-
tainous parts of Canaan; and when he had made
a great slaughter of the people there, and took
(heir prey, ho came (o (he ramp at G,ilgul. And
now there went a' great fame abroad anion'-- the
neighboring people, of the courage of the He-
brews, and those that heard what a number of
people were destroyed, were greatly aflrighted
at It; so the kinga (hat lived about niount Liba-
nuB, who were Canaanites, and those Canaanitet
that dwelt in the plain country, with auxiliaries
out of the land of the Philistines, pitched their
camp at Ueroth, a city of the Upper Galilee, not*
far from Kadesh. which is itself also a place in
Galilee. Now the number of the whole army
was three hundred thousand armed footmen, and
ten thousand horsemen, and twenty thousand
chariots, so that the multitude of the enemies
alfrighted both Joshua himself and the Israel-
lost, Josh. X.VX-. and is conHrmcd' l>y Isaiah, xxvili. Si
hy llalakknk, lii. l|,«»d l.y the son of Sirnch. Ecclaa
.xlvi. 4i in ilic Wisdom ofiBoloinon.H iSnlabiiitdortbe
liiminaries, with rclntiun, iiu doubt, (otbis and the like
miraruloiis standing sillt, nnd going Ijack, In the dayiof
Joshua and Ilczekiah, " They have'noi wandered from
the day that iie crea(ed (hem; (hey have not nirsalien
tlicir woy from ancient generations, nnlcsalt were
when God enjoined lluim [so to do] by the command
of his servants." dee Aulhent. Rec. part I. p. IM.
A.^? ye,''""'"' ■'■''■' uphithB (ample, mii the note on
Auiiq, u, lit, cli. I. tecX, 7.
101
AMTlUUltlES OF THE JEWS.
X
..f
itM; Bod th«7, intUad of bainr fall of hope* of
|rood iucceM, ware WMMtitlouMjr timoroni, with
tlic great terror witb which thajr wara (trickan.
Wharaupon Ood apbnidad then with the faar
thar were Ia| and ukad tham. Whether ther
dafirad a Jfreatar help than ha eonid afford Iham (
and piomiMd them that they ihould orercooie
their encmia*; and withal charged than to nialie
ihair aoainiea* horiea uialast, and to burn their
chariQti. So Joabna became full of cowaM
upon theie prooiiiea of God, and went ont tad-
deiily agaioal the enamiaa.and afler firedavi'
march be came upon them, and joined btule
with them, and there waa a terrible dgfat, mad
Hich a number were •lain ai could not be belieT-
ed by thoM that beard it. He alto went on in
the punuit a great way, and deilroyed the en-
tire army of the enamiai, few only ncepladi
and all the kinga fell in the bnttUi inaOmnch
that when they wanted men to be killed, Joihna
slew their honea and burnt their chariot*, and
paiied all orer their country without oppoiition,
iioone daring to meet him m battle; but he atill
went on, taking their citiet by aiege, and again
killin^hatever he took.
'19.^lie fifth year was now pait, and (here wat
not one of ;the Canaanitea remained any longer,
excepting (Ome that had retired to place* of great
itrtngth. So Joahua removed hit camp to the
-monntalnoui country, and pl<iced the tabernacle
in the city of Shiloh, for that leenied a fit place for
•t, becauie of the beauty of ita tituation, until
auch time at their affairt Would permit them to
build a temple ; and from thence he Went to She-
chelD, together with all the people, aiid raited an
altaf where Motet had beforehand directed; then
did he divide the army, and placed one half on
mount Geriiiim, and the otntir half on mount
Ebal,* on which mountain the altar waa; he alto
placed there the tribe of Levi, and the priettt.
And when they had lacrificed and denounced the
[bl{«ttingi andthel curtea,and had laltthem en-
graven upon theaftar, they ratamed to Shiloh.
20. And now Joahaa wat old, and akwlhat the
citiet of the CanaanllM wiere noteatily to be ta-
ken, not only becaota they wem tituate in tnch
ttrong placni, bnt.becaute of the itrength of the
wallt themtelvet, which being built round idMut
the natural ttrength of the placet on which the
citiea ttood, teemed capable of repelling their
enemiet from betieging them, and of making
thote enemiet deipair oftaking them; for when
tbe Canaanitet had learned, that the Itraelitet
calne out of Egypt in order to dettroy them,
they were buiy all that time in making their
citiet ttrong; to henthered the people together
to a congregation at Shiloh; and when they, with
great leal and hatte, were comis thither, he ob-
terved to them, whatproaperout tucceuthey had
already had, and what gloriout thingi had been
done, and thote tnch at were worthy of that God
who eiiabled them to do thotie tjiingi, and worthy
of the virtue of thote law* which they followed.
He took notice alto, that thirty-one of thbte kingt
that ventured to give them battle were overcome,
and every army, how great loever it were, that
confided in their own power, and fought with
them, wat utterly dettroyed, to that not to much
at any of their poaterity remained. And at for
the citiet, tince tome of them were taken, but
the others mutt be taken in length of time, by
long tieeet, both on aipcount of the ttrength of
their walli, and of the confidence the inhabitaatt
had in them thereby, he thought it reasonable
that those tribet that came along, with them from
beyond Jordan, and had partaken of the dangert
they had undeigone, being their own kindred,
thould now be ditmitted and tent home, and
should have thanks for the paint they had taken
— * Of th e t itnat len o f th i s al t a r ,
TMaiBral.p.170,171.
ly o n th e OW
together with them. At alto, he thoitghl it rea-
tunable that they thould tend one man ont of
every tribe, aad he tnch u had the leatimony of
extraordinan virtue, wh« thould measure the
land faithfully, and without any fallacy or dce«it
thould inform Ihepi of lu real magnitude.
SI. NowJoahua, whan h« had thus spoken to
them, found that thit mulliHade approved of hit
proposal. So ha ..sent iMli to measure their
country, and sent with then some geometricians,
who could not easily fail of knowing the truth,
on account of their skill in that 'art. He also
Svo them a charge to estimate the measure of
at part of the land that waa moat fruitful, and
what was not so good ; for such is the nature 6f
the land of Canaan, that one may scf large
plam; WNriocfei at a)c« i^<^lng fit tofriduce
fruit, which yet, inEey w|re compatfMo other
part* of the country, mighr,be reckonM^exceed-
inclv fruitful, yet if thev Up compared with the
Aeldt about Jericho, fend to thote that belong tu
Jerutalem, will appear to be of Mo account at all.
And although it to frilt ont, that these people
have bat a very little of this tort of land, and
that it it for the main, mountainous also, yet doea
it not come behind other parts, on itecoont of ita
exceeding goodnettaod beauty: for which r«a-
ton Jothua thought the land for the tribet should
be divided by estimation of its goodness, rather
than the largeness of its meuure, it often happen-
ing that one acre of some sorts Of land was equi-
valent to a thousand other acres. Now the men
that Were sent, which were in number ten, tra-
velled all about, and made an estimation .of the
land, and in the seventh month came to him to
the citT of Shiloh, where they had tet np the ta-
bemacle.
33. So Jothua took both Eleazar, and the te<
nate, and with them the headt of the tribet, and
dittributed the land to the nine tribet, and to the
half tribe of Manattab, appointing the dimen-
tiont to be according to the largenatt of each
tribe. So when he lud catt lots, Judah had ns-
Mgned him by lot the apperpartof Judei;, rruch-
ing at far at Jerutalem, anditt breadth extend-
ing to the lake of Sodom. Now in the lot of thia
tribe there Were the ciii^ of Atcaloo and Gata.
The lot of Simeon, which wat the tecond, inclu-
ded that part of Iduniea which bovdered upoi^
Egypt and Arabia. At to the Benjamitea, their
lot Icll to. that iu length reached from tbe river
Jordan to the tea, but In breadth it wat bounded
by Jerutalem and Bethel; and this lot wu th*
narroweif of all, by reaion of the gdodnett of
the land, for it included Jericho, and the city of
Jerusalem. The tribe of Ephraim had by lot
the land that extended in length from the river
Jordan to Geier, but in breadth at fares from
Bethel till it ended at the great plain. The half
tribe of Maoasach had the land from Jordan to
the city Dora, but its breadth was at Bethshan,
which IS now called Scythopolis. Ai|d after these
was Itsachar, which had IU limits in length,
mount Carmel and the river, but its limit In
breadth wat mount Tabor. The tribe oTXabn-
lon't lot included the land which lay atfarMthe
lake ofGennetareth, and that which belonged to
Carmel an4thetea. The tribe of Ater had that
part which wat called The Valley, for tnch it
wat, and all that prt which lay over againtt Si-
don. The city Arco belonged to their there,
which IS also named Actiput. The Napbtalitea
received the eastern parts, as for as the city of
Damascus and the LTpper Galilee, onto mount Li-
banus. and the fountains of Jordan which rise out
of that mountain; tha,t it, out of that part of it
whose limits belong to the neighboring city
Arce, The Danites'^lot included all that ^ of
the valley which respects the tuntetting, and
wat bounded by Aiotui and Dora; at al«> ther
had all Jamnia and Oath, f r om Ek r on to ' thW
mountain where the tribe of Judah b^giiit.
UuMtghl it rM-
•a nun oat Of
he IMtimooy of
d mMiiir« tba
•llarjr or dcMit
ipiitud*.
{ha* ipoken to
ipprpvcd of his
meuuN their
I i^aielriciani.
iwiDC the truth,
t 'erf. He abo
(he meuure of
Ml fruitful, end
ii th« nature Of
nwy Mw Jtrge
g At toprodace
DDUfiRio other
ckoBM^ciceed-
ipered with' the
I that belong ti<
t account at all.
at then people
>rt of lend, and
ui alio, jet doaa
m account of ita
for which rea-
lie (ribet ihould
Qodneu, rather
It often happcD-
r land wai equi-
Now the Ben
nmberten, tra-
tiniation .of the
came tb him to
d tetupthela-
lar, and the le*
the tribei, aad
ribci, and to the
ing (he dimen-
geneH of each
, Judah had ns-
of Judex, rrucU-
ireadth extehd-
n (he lot of (hie
aloo and Oaia.
» wcond, inelu-
boTdered upoi«
enjamites, their
from the river
it was bounded
bit lot WW (h*
lie gdodnCM of
ind the city of
im had by lot
from (he rirer
I as farai from
lain. The half
from Jordan (o
s at Bethshan,
Ai(d after these
aits in length,
■(its limit in
I (ribe orJtabn-
lay as fares the
ich belonged (o
>f Aserhad(hat
By, for such it
>Ter againt( Si-
(o (heir share,
he Napb(alitea
r as (he city of
onto mount 14-
I which rise out
that paK of i(
irfaboring Gi(y
ah (ha( ^ of
unsetting, vid
t^ as aly> thiey
BtXJK V.-CHAP. 1,
93. After (his aMnaer did Joshua divide the six
nations that bear the names of the sons of Ca-
naan, with their land, to be possested by thtf aloe
tlibes and a halfi for Moses had pnsTented him.
•M had alresdy distributed the land of the Amor-
Mes, which lUe If was so catled alio from one of
the sons of Cenaan, to the two tribei and a half,
as we hare showed already; but the parts about
Sidon, as also those that belonged to the Arkites
and the Amathites, and the Aradians, were not
yet regularly disposed of.
t*. Uut now was Jpihua hlndeied by his age
fratn executing what he intended to do, (as «ffd
.l!t*"i..i ' •""='=«,«'«J' ''iin in the gorernincnt,
take liMie care of what was for the iSvantage of
the public,) so he gave It in charge to < very tribe.
to leave no remainder of the race of the Canaan-
i? '."i. . M ■"* •'••'>'' •»"« divided to them by
lot! that Moses had enured them beforehand,
that they might reit fully satiided about it. that
their own security and their observation of their
own laws depended wholly upon it. Moreowr,
liri?i^"f!2 .'k*"* i" J* V thirty-eight cities to the
Lavitei, for they had; already received ten in the
couiitry of the Amoritei, and three of these he
assigned to thoie that (led from the iiiaiislayen,
who were to inhabit there; for he was.very so.
M»!^V j'"Jl°?'"'y'''5!'''* •?• "'Rlect^d which
Hbe of Judah, HebKonj and of that of Ephraim,
Shechem; and of Naphtall, Kadeih, which is a
!i.'d« K '" VfP" ^^^l"i "• •'•» di'tributld
bnted. which was very great, whereby they had
an .affluence of great riches, both alMn geHeral,
and evcrv oh* m ii»t:r..i... ...i .i.:. ./■"■• .'
103
and every ohe in jiarticularVamVthiiof gSrMd
I, and of other furniture, besides a
Ek r on ta ' thw
hbegiiii.
2f_T.*!*"I*"'!.' ■■■■". "■ '!""" ■urniiure, Desides a
maUKude of cattle, whoie number couU not be
t„2?;i.- "f "*'" ""' "*■:• ''" P'thered the army
X*^ . V ■"'»"(? Wt'on; «nd spake thui tb
thoie tribei that hnd their .eULnient in the land
of the Amoritei beyond Jonlan; for 60,000 of
them had armed theroielves. and had gone to the
r/vr'f ""'i\""'T';'S'"='^ thutood, who i.
the father and Lord of the Hebrctv nation, has
BOW nven us this land for o pouemion, and pro-
mised to preserve us in the enjoyment of it as
Mrown forever; and iinceyou have with alacri-
(y offered yourselves to aurit us when we want-
ed that aiiiitance, oit all occasions accordinr to
m command; It is but mit. now all our diffi'ul.
ties are over, that you should he permitted to en-
joy rtst, and that we should treapaii on your ala-
crity, to help us no longer, that so if wc slioulH
again stand in need of it, we may rea<lilv hare it
on any future emergency, and nut tire yiu out to
S"^-„."i.°' ?•" ""y ra»tf you slower in assisting
M another time. We therefore return you ou*
^.^ - J ^'"K«" yy have undergone with
shall always he thus disposed, and be m good ai
to remember our fnendi, and to preserve Tn mind
what advantages ive have had 'from tl.eni, and
how you have put off the enjoyment ofy,nr own
happiness for Our sakes, and have hWed for
IIV-"L 1'" "?''-''r the good-will of fJbd, ob-
toined, and resolved not to enjoy votir >.wn oros-
perity till you ^had afforded -"ui that J»tiiS^^.
»-*r« •'"*'' •'•'••.''y joining your labor with
ours, gotten great plenty of riches, and will car-
ry home with you much prey, with gild and sil-
ver. and what is more than all Iheie. oui o-ood-
will townrdg you.^and a mind willingly diiSosed
to make a requital ofyour kindness toui, i,i « hat
a»e soever yon_ihall desire it, fjryou have not
I'iffl !"' *"""* "hich Moses beforehand re-
qulrea of yoD, nor have you desniied him bc-
eanse he was de:.d and gone from vou, so that
mere is nothing to dimi nish that irr^tiim!.: which
yoa to suppose that there is no limit to be set to.
the ml mate relslion that is between us; and that
you will not imagine, that because this riVer i.
interposed between ui, that you are of a differ-
ent race from us, and not Hebrews, for wa are all
?!.T.?-^ li •'T**' °9rtorf(^(t,m and yours
into the world, whose worship and form of n>-
vernmen( we are to take care of, which he had
ordained, and are most carefully toobsci-e- be-
cause while youcontinue in those laws, tio.i wHI
also show himself merciful and aisiiting to you ■
but if you imitate the other nations, and hfnki
those laws, he will yrject your nation," When
Joshua *ad spoken thui, and saluted them all
l^>tb those in authority one by one, and (he wholfe
multitude in common, he himself stayed where
he was, but the people Conducted those tribes en
their journey, and that not without tears In their
eyes: and indeed they hardly knew bow to part
one from the other. "^
^ 26. Now when the tribe of Renbel, and that of
uaif, and as many of the Manaasites as followad
them, were:^|Mued over the river, they built an
altar on the banks of Jordan, as a monument to
posterity, and a sign of their relation to thoae
that should inhabit on the other side: but when
those on the other side heard that those who had
been dismissed had built an altar, but did not
hear with what intention they built it, but sup-
posed It to be by way of innovation, and for tb*
introflnctlob ntmtmnm^ ^^^m •k.-.llj ^... i-.K„
introduction of strange gods, they did not IncliH.
thinking this defamatory t»-
to disbelieve it, but I ., uB.,raB,ory re-
port, as if It were built for diyine worship, was
creditable, they appeared in arms, as though
thev would avenre themselves on those that
built the altar, and they were about to pass over
the river,andlo punish them for their subversion
or the laws of flielrcdVhtry, for they did hot think
itflt (o regard them on account oftheir kindred
or the dignity of those that hod given the occa-
sion, but to regard the will of God, and the man-
ner wherein he desired to be worshipped: to
these men put themselves in array for war: but'
Joshua, and Elcasar the high priest, and the se-
nate, restrained the*; andpcrsuaded them 6nt
to make trial by words oftheir intention, and af.
terward. if they found that their intention^ wat
evil, then only to proceed to make war upon '
them. Accordingly they sent as ambassadortto
them Phineai, the son or Eleaxar. and ten nioic
persons that were in esteem among the He-
brews, to learn of them what wat in their mind.
Jvhen, Upon pasiing over the river, they had
biiilt an altar upon its banks. But as sion at
these ambassadors were passed over, and wei«
f?"',* •°:"*"'' «"'' ■ cocgregntion was assem-
bled, Phineas stood up and laid, "that the of-
fence they had been guilty of wai of too heinont a
nature to be punished by words alone, or by them
only to be emended for the future; yet that tber
did not so look at the heinousness of their traii^
greision as to have recourse to arms, and to a bat.
tie for their punisbment immediately, but that,
on account oftheir kindred and the probability
there was that they might be reclaimed, they
teak this method of sending an ambaiiage io
them, that when we have learned the true rea-
sons by which you have been moved tohuild (hit -
altar, we may neither teem to have been too
harih m aataulting you by our weapons of war,
H It prove that you made the altar for justifiable
rrasoiM, and may then justly punish vou if the
accuialion prove true: for we can hanll" sup-
^u ,5J y,"" "''° ''■'"' '^" »<:q»«inltdw"ilh t£«
will of God, and have been heareraof those lawa
which he himself hath given us. now you are te>
parated from us, and gone to that patriuwoy of
W. owe to yon: W;';he;; ' fo'ro Xmir^'ou' " ;? I C/'A "^ t^ y"»i;"TO"gh the grace-^ol Oodrand
-ijtoyou^r own i-her.unc°«,t"r;re"„t;:iiLt.f^'trc«?o:;;^;^^^^
104
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
{'
e
•rk, and that alUr wblch ii pccqiiar to ui, ind
can iii(ro<luro itninge Kodi> aiiil imilntn (he
wickol iirurtiCM of the Caiiaanitci. Mow tliii
will appeal- lo have been ■ iniall crime, if you re-
p«rnt now. and proceed no farther in yourniad-
tim, but pay a due reverence lo, and keep In
mind thelawi.uf your country ; but ifyouper«l>t
in your (ina, tve will not grudge our pnina to pre-
t\a our lawit, but we wlU pan over Jordan anJ
rfcnd them, and deff nd Uod alio, and tlmll ea-
tccm of you ai of men. noway diffierinj; from the
Canaanitea, but ihall deitroy you in the like
manner aa we destroyed them; for do not you
ima|;ine, thut became you are f;qt over the river,
Jtbat yoM are gut out of the rcnch of (iod'a power;
ou are every where in places that belong to
lini, and impossible it is to uvcrrun his power,
and the punishment he will bHng on nM-n thereby ;
but if you think that your settlement here will be
any obstruction to your conversion to what is
topd, nothing need hinder tis from dividing the
land anew, and leaving this old land to be for the
feeding of sheep; but you will do well to return
tayuur duty, ami to leave oflf these new criuies:
and we beseech you, by your children and
wives, not to force ua to punish you. Take,
therefore, such measures in this assembly, us
•upnosing that your own safety, and the_ safety
of toose that are dearest to vou, is therein con-
cerned, and believe that it is better for you to be
conquered by words, than to continue in your
purpose, and to experience deed$ and wa>°
Iborefor."
37. When Fhineaa had discoursed thtia, the
goverqurs of the assembly and the whole multi-
tude began to make an apology fur themsclvc*,
concerning what the^ were accused of, and they
■aid, "That they neither would depart from the
relation they bare' to them, nor had they built the
altar by way of innovation ; and they owned one
and the sauic coiniuoii Uod with all the He-
brews, and that ^raien altar which was before
the tabernacle, on which tliey would ofTfr tiieir
wcrificesi that oa to the altar they had raited
on account of which they were thus suspected, it
was not built for worship, but that it might be a
iign and a nionuniint of our n-latiun to you for-
ever, and a necessary caution to us to act wisely,
and to continue in the laws of our country, but
not a handle fur transgressing them, as you sus-
pect; and let Uod be our authentic witness, that
this was the Occasion of our building this altar:
whence we bc^ you will have a belter opinion of
tts,nnd^o not iiupaUi such a thing to us as would
'rciider^n;r 0^'''lhe.' Jiosterity of Abraham wtll
worthy of pSrdiCroni in case they attempt to
bring in nevv^ites, anil such as are different from
Our usual practices." 1
28. When they nad made this - answer, and
PhineaaJi^ jp'oninicnd^id them for it, he came to
Joshui^^hijlntxplained \before the peo|dc what
answer they<had received: now Joshua was glad
that he.Was under no necessity of setting them in
•rra^y or of leatiiiig tijem lo shed bfuod, and
niakf war agoinsit mrB of th^ir own kindred;
■nd accimlingly, he olfered sacrifices of thanks-
giving to Upd tor the sniuc: so Joshua after that
V" ,i -
* Slnrd not only Procopins andSuMaa, tat aii earlier
author, Moses Clioreiiensis, p,'3S,'53, and perhaps ffoin
bk orixlnal author, Mariba C'utlna, on^ as old as Alex-
ander the (irent, sets down the famous insrription nt
Tangier roncerning the old CanoanltcH driven oul of
Palestine by Joshua, take it here in that author's own
words: "We nre those exiles that were jtuvernors of
the Cnnaanitei>, but huvo hcuii driven aw^y by Jmlinn,
Ibf robber, and are roiiie to inhabiMierijj'' Sei lh« note
there. Nor is it unworthy of our natice, what Musiv
CUoreneiisIa iidds, p. 5:i, and this upiVti a diligent cxunil-
■ation, viz. that " one of those eminent men anion);
the Canannitea came at tlie jame tima Into Arme-
nia, and rounded the Ueulhuiiian family or tribe,
and that this was rondriiicd by the manners of the
family or tribe, aa behtg like thoaa of the Ca-
dissolved this great assembly of the people, and
sent them to Ihrir own inhrrilanrrs, whila hr
himself lived in i<hcchrin. Uut in the twentieth
year after this, when he was verv old, he sent fur
those of the greatest dignity in the 'several cities,
with those in authority, and the senate, and aS
many of the coinnion people lis could be present:
and when they were come, he put them in mind
of all the benefits Qod bad bestowed on them,
which could not but be a great many, since from
a low estate thfy were advanced to so great a
d<^ree of glory and plenty, ond exhorted tiiem (o
take notice of"^ the intentions of Uod. which had
been so gracious towar<ls them; and told them,
that the Deify would continue their friend by
nuthin'g else but their piely: and that it was
proiier for hiiii. now he was about to depart out
of this life, to leiive such an admonition to them,
and he desired IhnI thev would keep in memory
thishis exhortation to tnehi.
2U. So Joshua, when he had thus discoursed to
them, died, having lived a hundred and ten
ycirs; forty of which heiived with Moses, In or-
der to learn what might be for his advantage af-'
terward. He also became their commander after
his death for twenty-five years^ He was a man
that wanted not wisdom nor eloquence to declare
his intentions to the people, but very eminent on
both accounts. He was of great courage and
magnnnimily, in action and in dangers: and very
sagacious in procuring the peace of the people,
and of great virtue at all projier seasons. He
wa^ buried in the city of Timnah, of the tribe of
Kpliraim. About the same time died Klraiar the
high iirlest,* leaving the high priesthood to his
son rhinens. His monument also and sepulchre
are in the city of Gabbatba.
CHAP, n.o
Horn qfler the death of Joshua their commander,
the tsrattiteM {rantgretted the Lawio^ their
Country, and experienced fireat Afflictioni;
and tt/ien <A«re tnu a Sedition, the 3'nt« of
Jlenjamin u>a$ de$lroyed, excepting ojUy nx
hundred Men. ' »
i 1. After the death of Joshua and filesiar,
rhiqeos prophrsied,f that according to God's
wlU. tliey should commit the government to the"
tribe of Jndah, and that this tribe should destroy
the race of the Cnnaanites: for thin the people
wire concerned to learn wliht was the will of
God. 1'huy also took to their assistance the
tribe of Sinieon, but upon this Condition, that
when, tliusp that had been tributary to the tribe
of Judah should be slain, they should do the like
fdr the tribe of Sin^con.
3. But the bffairs of the Conaanitei were at
thi>i time in a floiirishin^ condition and they ex-
pected the [smclius With a great armjf at the
city ISozck, linvin^ put the government, into the
huiifls of A.loniliizek, which name denotes the
■ lord of I!ezek,' lor Adoni, in the Hebrew tongue,
is called lonl. Wow Ihey hoped to have been tdo
l.arti fjr the . Israelites, because Joshua waa
(lead: but when the Israeliti'S hud joined battle
with them, I mean the two tribes before men-
t By prapltesfing, when ipbkeq ofa high prioat, jote-
plius,hutli l:ere iiid frcdiinntly elsewhere, means no
more II. ar ronsullin|:(3daby L'riin.wJiirh the reader ia
slilltoliear inmiridU|iurallorriisiors. And if St. John,
who Was chnti:iiipuiary with JOscpliis, and of thesainc
coniitry. made use "of this style, when lie says, that
"('niniilinii.iN-ini hieh jirlest thai year, prophesied that
Jons should die forihltt intioii.niid notforthat nation
oiilv, Imt'itiat also he should gather toiicllier in one tlie
children of Ood tlmt were »cai;creil abroad," xi.Sl.53,
he i.iiiy imsaihly jiican, thu' this wns revealed toihe high
piieHlIiv nnextraOrdliiiiry voi'efroinlKitwcentlieche-
riiUmi^whcnhehadlitob^
llkii
mini oil bt-fbre or in the mosi Iflly plare OflNf leflple,-
which wng nootlierthan tbcOrarle of Urim andThum-
Diim. or which alove in tfae'note on Antiq. b. iiLeh.
TiiLMCtSi
<»v.
BOOK V.-~CHAP. II.
m
mowi Ihajr foochl glorimnljr, ami ikw •hor*
ten thouiand orUMin. anil put Ike rent to flight;
■nd in tba punuit thajr took Ailnnibitirk, whu,
when hii ttngen and tu«a were cut ulT by Ihciu,
•aid, "Nay, indeed, I wat not alwayi ta lie con-
cealed fruiii Ciod, a* I find by what I now endure,
while i have not been athaiued tu du the Mm* to
ie«enty-two kingi.*" So they carried him aliTC
at faro* Jeruialeni; and when he wat dead they
buried him in the earth, and went on itill in taking
the cities : and when th«y had taken the greal-
eit part of them, thejr brnit'ged J^ruMiieni: and
when they had taken the lowt.'t rity, which wat
not under a coniideruble timr, they ilew all the
inhabitanli; but the upper city wat not to be la-
ken without great difficulty, through the itrcngth
of ill walli, and the nature of the place.
4. Kor which reaaun thry removed their camp
to Hebron; and when they had taken it they
tlew all the inhabitant*. There were till then
loft the race o( gianli, who had bodiea K> large,
and cpnntenancei to entirel;|r different from other
men, that lliey were surpriume tu the •icht, and
terrible to the htruring. Tht- oonea of IheM men
are itill thown to tlii* very day, unlike to any
credible relationi of other men. Mow they gave
thi* city to the Ixsvitei, aa.an extraordinary re-
ward, with the auburbi of two tliouiand ciibiti;
but the land thereto belonging they gaVe ai a
fr«e gift to Caleb, according to th« iiijunclioni
of Mow* : thii Caleb waa one of the apiei which
Motet tent into the land of Canaan. They alto
Sveland fur habitation to the poiteritT of Jcthro
t Midiuiiite, who waa the father-iu-iaw to Mo-
tet, for they had left their own country and fol-
lowed Ihem, and accompanied them in the wil'
demeat.
4. Now the tribes of Judah and Simeon took
fhecitiea which were in the mountainous part of
Canaan, at alto Atkelon and Aahdod, of those
that lay near the tea, but Gaia and Ekron es-
caped tlirni, fur they, lying in a flat country, and
having a great number of chariots, sorely galled
those that attacked them : tu tliese tribta, when
they were grown very rich by this jmr, retired
to their own cities, aiid laid aside their weapons
of war. •
5. But the Benjaniitet, to whom belonged
Jerusalem, permitted its inhabitants to pay tri-
bute; to thtiy all left off, the one tu kilU and the
other to expose themselves to danger, nnd had
time to cultivate the ground: the rest of the
tribet imitated tliat or lienjamin, and did the
same; and contenting themselves with the tri-
butes that were paid tneni, permitted the Canoan-
ites to live in peace.
6. However, the tribe of Ephrnim, whi^n they
besieged Bethel, made no advance, nor perform-
- ed any thing worthy of the time the^ spent, and
of the pains they took about that siege, yet did
they persist in it, still sitting down before the
city, though they endured great trouble thereby :
t-Thia i^est number of aeVentjr-two teguli, or saiaU
MaJS, over whom >Adenibezek had tyrannized^ and
for which tie wns punis.'.ed arcordihi; totlie Uj: taliotun.
as well aa the t!iirty.one kiniia of Canaan, sulidued by
Joslinn, i-nd named in one rhap.. Josh. ill. and tlitrty-
two kings, or royal Kuziliariei 10 Banhadud kbiRofi'yr
rii^, iKhipi,!!.); Ai>liq.b.viii.eh lir.aeet l;int|mate
to ns wliai was the ancient form of governineni a-
inonp! several niilioiis l«rure the laonarchiea.ketian, vis.,
that every rity or liirce town Willi Ha iieiiiilioring villa-
ten, was a distinct government by Itatlfiwhkh la tl^e
moreremsirk.ihle, liei'ause ttils waa reitalnTy'tlicfDrni
of cclcsinstirnl {nivernniont tlial wa* aettted by the
a|io«Me«,aii<l (irpserveil tliroui'liontllieUliristianelinrch
In the llrstniiM of Christianity. Ur. Addison )s ofoptn-
Ian, that "it would rarlHin!y be for tlieKOod of mankind
tqlinveall tlie iiiis^i'y «m:iirea and nionarcliles of tlis
•rorldcaiiion&d out into petty s'aieaand prinri|inlitl«s,
Whieh. like to many lar^'e families, nAgM lie under the
but after some time, they caught one of the ciii-
sens thjit (ianie tu thero to gel necessaries, and
the^ gave him some assurances that if he would
deliver up the ctly to thcin, they would preserve -
him and'his kinJrcd: so he sware, that uiio*
these terms he would put Ihe cilc. into their
handi. Accordioelv, he thai Ihut oetrayed the
city, was preserved, with his family; and the
Israelites slew all Ihe inhabitants, and retained
the city for themselves.
T. After Ibis, the Israelites grew effeminate at
to lighting arty more against their enemies,
but applied themselves to the cultiratiiin of the
land, which producing them great plenty and
riches, they neglected Ihe regular dispnsiliun of
their lettlrmcnl, and indulged theuiselvet in
luxury and pleaiures, nor were they any longer
cartful to hear the lawt that belonged lu their
political government: whereu^vU<Hl Wat pro- '
yoked to anger, and put them m b^nd fint, hovr,
contrarjr to hit directions, they had spared tba
Canaanitei, and after that, how these CanMh-
itea, as opportunity served, used then veiy bar- ;
barously. But the Israelites, though they wera
in heaviness at these admonilions from Uod, yet
were they still very unwilling to go to war, and
since they got larce tributes from the Canaan-
itet, and were inditpoted for taking paint b; ^
their luxury, they tuffered their arittocracy ton'
be corrupted also, and did not ordain theniielves
a leni ' ~ '' *" ' '' '"
lawt I
a lenate.^JSr any othertuch magistrates as t)ieir
hadlKrmcriy required, but they were very
much pvert to cultivating their fields, in order
to get wealth; which great indolence of theirs
brought a terrible sedition upon them, and they
fironeeded so far aa to fi(;ht one against another,
roni the following occasion:
8. There was a Levite,f a man of a vulgar
family, that belonged io the tribe of Kphrainn
and ilwell therein; this man married a wife from
Bethlehem, which is a plaoi belonging to the
tribe of Jbddh^ Now he was very fund of hit
wife,'aiid oven^oine with her beauty ; but he waa
unhappy in thia, that he did not meet with the
like return of affection from her, for she was
averse to him, which did more inflame his pas-
sion for her, so that they quarrelled one with
another perpetually; and at last the woman was
so disgusted at these quarrels, that she^ left her
husband, and went to ner parents in the fourth
month. The husband being very lAieasv at this
her departure, and that out of nis fondness for
her, came to his father and mother-in-law, anS
made up their quarrels, and was reconciled te
her, and liveil with th«iii there fourdayt, as being
tindly treated by her parents. On the fifth day
he resolved tb go home, and Went away iii''the
evening: for, his wile's parents were I'oalh to
part with their daughter, and delayed th^ timer
till the linj was gone. Now they bad one ser-
vant that tollowed them, and an ass on which the
wonian rr>de; and when they were near Jerasa-
obacT-vatio;! of •' cir liioiitr yoveriiors, so mat tiierareor
Ibeprinre might extend itself to every ihdividual per-
MB under bis pro<hction ; though ha despairs of such ■
scheme being brought aboot. and thinks that; if It v
it would quiciilyliedeatroyed." Remarks on Ifalr,4to.-
p. 151. Nor is It unlit to lie ol served here, that the Ar-
menian records, tliough t iiey give us tlie liitto^ of thir-
ty-nine of their most ancient heroes or governora after
the-tfoad, before tlic days of flardanapalus, hid no pro-
per king tUttliefbrtieth TurKrus, tJeeMoees Chorenen-
sis, p. 35. And thai Almiflity Rod doea not approve of
suen ahsoluteor lyraniiiral uionarrliies, anyone may
learn thai rcuds V-euMvlL 1-t— »U, and I Btai. vUi. 1—
93; although. If tech kinia are tet upas own libu for
tKeirmipreniekinK,aiid uTm to govern according to hIi -
laws, I e iiath admitted of lliem, and protected them aii| ''
tlieir subjects in all generations.
T Joaepbua'searly date oftliis iilttory, heforellie ho-
ginuineoftiie Jiidfea,orwl!enfliere waa no king in U-
rael. Judges six. I, is strongly toinfirmcd 17 tiie larto
niimlierof llcnjainileslatli Ip ihednysof Asi< and JeliO-'
shaphat, 8Cl'ron. xlv. H, «"d xyl. i7, who yei were bare '
reitiiced to (>(« men; nor mn 1 iioae nnmhers "e ai ad bB^
pourd senutne, if ti.ey ware reduced so late aelhc end at
the Judges, where our uther copies place iMsicdttdiM
h. \:
rJ- 1%
■ 108 ANTU^ITIE8 OF TUB JEW8
.Mmnl adviMd thtm lo Uk« u^i thait' Indirinn
foia* when, l<it lOiua niMortuiic ilkbuld ^«r*ll
thain if liiajr trairall«l in |b« nighiraiiMcially
Muca tha/ vara not far off cncmiaa, thai (aaaoii
•ftan giring rawon lor »iii|iiri(in ur(<«afan froiu
a?tn iurh u an Irfaml*) but tlif huibaiiil waa
^1 plaaaad MTilh tliU «d»iee, nor wfa ha willinr
to tektHpliM lodgiuKi among ttrBMg*r., for iha
nly b«loa||*d ta tha CanaanitaaJ Wt dciirad
father to Kp Jwvotir furldngi rarthar, and to lo
taka their lodrinK In aonia liraelita cilr. Ac
ronlingl^r, he oklaioed kit purpoH, and cane to
OibaaS, n citv of Iha tribe of Seijamin, whan it
waa jutt dark; and while no una that lived in
tne market-place invited him to lodge with biui.
Mere cuiie an old man out of the Held, one that
waa inileed of the tribe of Kphraim, but reaided
in (iibcah, and met him, and naked htm, who be
r?'I ""? '*" *■»»* '•••o" he caiiM tbhhar io
late I and wBjr he w— looking out for pruvltiohi
forauppcrnhenil waa dark > To which he re-
plied, that he waa a Lcvile, and waa brinrinc hit
•.? ! VH. •[P'!["iV' »•«* *•» «P'»f »'«)'»•/ but
»e told him hia habllation wuln the tribe of
ft,phraimi ao the old map', aia well becnjuae of
tlieir kindred, aa becauae they lived in the Minie
uibe, aa alio becauae thev bad thua accidcatally
■et together, took him in to lodge with brni.
XJow certain young men of the inhabitanta of
Sbibcah, having aeen the woman in the matket-
lace, and adiuirihg her beanty. when they iin-
entood that abe lodged with the old ni*n, came
U> the doora, aa contemning tlie weakneM and
iawoiitf of the old man*a family; and when the
old man deaired them to go away, and not to
ofc* any iiolepce or abuae there, theydcMred
rilT '? ^'!'*' .*??" "P ^' ••"»«• woman, and
well be ihould have no harm done to him; and
when the old man alleged that the Levile waa
^ of bif kindred, and that their would be guilty of
borrid wickedueta if4hey tuOered tiiemaelvea to
•• overcome by their pleaaurei, and ao olfend
3 unit their lawi, they deapited bia righteoM
monition, and lauarhed bini to acorn. They
■lio^ threatened to kill him if be becwue an ob-
•tacle to their inclinationa; whereupon, when he
•wind bimaelf in great diatreaa, and yet waa not
prwlanily aa th« graatnaaa of hit miafortmea
would admit, and laid bia daa<l wife upon the
r "i'l'Tr ".'"*«l her home; and cutting hai
limb by limb into titrelva piecaa, ha aent them to
ever;r iriba, aqd |ava it in chana to thoa* that
carried them, to inform the tribca of thoaa thai
were the caoaaa of bia wifa'a death, and of thr
violence thrv hadoAered to her.
». Upon Ihia the people were greatly dialnrbeii
at wbal they eaw, and al what they heard, a.
"•.*•"■ .havuig bad tb« aiparlance of tucb a
«i.'?I*i."*'"'i •" '•'•y lf»«harad themaelvaa to'
Shiloh. outof • prodigioua aiid • jual anger, and
UMmUmg In a great congregalipn befora tb*
tabernacle, they immediately retolved lo Uke
arma, and to treat the iababilaala of C'ibcab a.
eoemitij but the acnita raitrainad them iron,
doing ao; and peranaded them that Ibcy ought
Ootaobaitily Ip make war upon iieople of Iha
aame nation with them, before thiy Idiacounaa
witii theni by word* concerning the accuaation laid
agaiiiitthem.it being part of tbair Inw that thev
ahonl.1 not bring an nrmy againit foreigner*.
Iheroielvea when they apprar to have beiTn in-
jurioua, without aemling an ambaiiaage tnt. and
trying tharteby whether they wUt repent or not ■
and accordinglv they exhorted I hem to dp What
they ought to do in obedience lo their tawa, thai
la, to aeud to the inhabitanta of Uibrab, to know
whether they wouW deliver up the ofleiidera to
Uiem,and If »b<y deliver them up, to real lalit-
fied with the puuiabmeiit of llioae ofltiidcra; liui
If Ibey deapiaed the meiaage that waa «ent them,
to punish thcni, by taking up amia againtt them.
Accordingly. Iliey aeul lo th* iiihabtlanta of Gi-
beah, and accuacd Ihe young wen of the crinita
cominitleil in Ihe affair of the Lcvile'a wife, and
required of llieiii thote that b«l done what wn.
contrnrv to the law. that they might b« pudiahcil
.aa having luttly deaerved to die for wJiat they
baddone; l>uttlieiuliabiianta of tiilM ' "
willior to overlook fata guetta. and aee them
'TTi'j ^P"^"."** •>"• own daughter to them;
•lad told tbeai, that it waa n amaller breach of
(be Uw to aatitfy their luat upon her. than to
fc *f J u ?'.••'»! «"Ppoaing that he himielf
Bbould by thia meuu plvveat any injury to be
* done tp tbote guea«. When they noway abated
•ftbeir earneftneia fortheatrunge woman, but
JMiited abadlutely on their detirea to have her,
t» entreated them not to perpetrate any tucb act
of injutUca; but they proceeded to take her
•way by force, «iid inducing itill more the vio-
lence of their inclinatioua. they took the woman
•way to their bouae, and when they bad aatitfied
their luit upon ber the whole night, they let her
ft abont daybreak. So abe came to the bonae
where the bad been entertained, nnder great af-
Uctian at what bad happened, and waa veir tor-
lowfnl Mpon occaaion of what the badanffered.
•Bd duftl not look ber butband in the face for
■aame, for abe concluded that be would never
foiXira her for what abe had done, to abe fell
down ■Bd gave np the ghost; but her hatband
rappoaed Iba^hla wife waa only faat atteep. and
Slf u"* ■»"»"« of a more melancholy nature
fead happened, endeavored to rain ber up. re-
Mhring to apeak comforubly to ber, since the
did not Tolontanly eipose herself to the»e men's
MM. bntwasforcedaway to their house; but as
•oiMi at he perceived she was dead, he acted at
JLia^^^SS*!!' "Sffi? h«»» 9*^' • "wll mistake,
y*y.P*.*y^«b» Hebrew word attt-Elj whkh Ja-
_ . It-' 1"' — -——■.. «■ ij>ilicah would
not delivar^up the voung men. and thought it
too reproachful to them, out of fear of war. to
submit to^ other nicu's deinantia uiion theuu
vaualiBg thamtelves to be noway iuferior to any
III war, neither in their number, nor in courage
Ihe rett of their tribe were also making great
preparationa for_ war, for they were s5 inso-
lently mad. aa also to resolve to repel force by
force. • "^ '
;. **: When U was related lo the Israelites what
the inhabitanta of Gibeab bad resolved upon,
they took their oath that no one of them would
give bis daughter Jn marriage to a Benjamiie.
but make war with greater fury against them,
than we have leamsd^our forefathers made war
against the Canaan'ites, and sent out presently
an array of four hundred thousand against them,
while the Benjamites' army was twenty-five
thousand and six hundred; live hundred of wboia
were excellent at slinging stones with their left
hands, insomuch that when the battle was joined
at Gibeajii the Bemtttiites beat the IsraejiMk
and of them ffiere iiU two thousand meariwl
PfoMoly niore bnd been deatroyed had-^fh*
roktffc
agaa ^H s *sa«say OW, t, the
.or in« laiwmaele, indf . m. W.
of n fiaea AtMittaowayap-
"JK"i come on and prevented it. and broliffioff
the ll^ht; so the Benjadilea returned to the^cilr
With joy, and the Itraelitea returned to their
camp in a great fright at what had happened.
On the next day. trhen they fouglit agiin, th*
Bemamites beat them, and eightten thousand
of the Israelites wew slain, and the reitdeaerted
Uieir camp «ut pf , fear of a greater slaughter.
§0 they can»f to Bctliel.* a Sly that was near
their camp, ttnl fasted on the next day; and be-
sourtt God by Phineat. the high priest, that bit
""rl ngmnst tllem might cc^, and that h*
would be tatitfieil witbjlj^|w6 defeats, aad
'**Z'"f '^' (be tah«nae1a«i*Wr at ^hel; only
«»ft rTt la th y, t h a t 8l il l oli "tb e plae e o f t h a ttl iiir
jm^im tka diiyiif Hhi'fiiii^
wat not (hr
'•7'
BOOK v.— CHAP. III.
m
K(f« tham (Im ? letonr ud pMNr o«*r ihtir •■!«•
mlM. AceoRlinclj, Uod |iromiM<i Ihcro M to dp
by the praphcnliig of PhiiicM.<l
11. Wh«n thcrcfora th«v hul dividml tha ar-
wy fato (wo part*, th«; laid (h« onC' half of thain
in aoibuih aboat (ha city of (iibrah by al|(hi.
whUa tha o(har half a((ackrd the li«njaniim,
and rcliriag upon (ha aiiaiilt, tha Bci^aniiiva
punuad tham, while thr llebrcwi retired by
■low dcf reat, aa vary dniroui to drew them en-
tirely trim thacity, and theothrn followed tham
ai thay retired, till both the old nicn aiid yoang
mao that' were left in the city, at too Weak to
iflirht, came nini)in|[ out together with them, ai
WtllinK to bring their eneniiea under. However,
whan they were a great way from tha city, tha
Hebrew! ma away no longer, but turned back to
tght tham, and lifted up tbti •Ignal they had
agreed on to thoM that lay in ambuih, who roM
up, and with a great noiie fell iijMn tha enemy.
Now, ai •oon>a« ever they perceived theiiilelvet
to be deceived, they knew not what to do, and
when thay were driven into a certain hollow
placa which wai in a valley, they were ihot at
or thoM that encomlMMed them, till tl)py ware
all deitroyed, eicepting lii hundred, which btnp-
ed themielvet into a cloie body of men, and for-
ced their puaage through the inidit of their ene-
roiet, and tied to the neighboring roouulaini, and
•eitin|( upon them, remained there; but the reit
of them, being about twenty-five thovnand, were
•lain. Then did (he Iireelitei burn (jibeah, and
itiew tbe women, and (he nialci thiit were under
age, and did the name alio to the other citiea of
tha Bcnjainitet. And indeed they were enraged
to that degree, that they irnt twelve Ihouiand
men out of the army, and gave them ordem to
deitroy Jabrah (lilead. becauie it did not join
with them in fighting againat the Benjaiuitei.
Accordingly, tho«e that were tent ilew tl^e men
of war, with th«ir children and wive*, eicepting
four hundred virgini. To lucb a deg^e had
rthey proceeded in their anger, becauie they
not only bad tlio luflfering of the Leyiteli
wile to aven;^, but the ilaughter of (heir own
eoldicn.
n. However, thev afterwardi were lorr^ fair the
calamity they had brought upon tbe Benjamitei,
and appointed a fast on (ha( accoun(, ai(hough
(hey ioppoied (heie men had tuAered juitly for
their onenre agalnit (he lawi: ao (hey recalled,
by (heir ambaMadora, thoie nix hundnui which
had escaped. Theae had aea(cd (hemtelvea on a
cer(ain rock called ■ Rimnion,' which waa in (he
vrildemeaa; ao'(he arabBaaadoral«mcn(ei| no( only
the diaaMer thn( had befallen (he Benjaini(ea,
iiu( (heniaelvea alao, by tiria deatniction of their
kindred, and perauaded them to take it patiently^
and (o come and uni(e wi(h them, and not, aoiar
aa in (hem lay, (o give (heir auAraf^e (o (he utter
<1ea(ruC(lon of (he (ribe of Benjamin^ and aaid (o
(hem, "We give you leave (b (ake (he Whole
land of Benjamin (o yourael'vea, and aa much
prey aayou are ab)e (o carry away wi(h you."
So (heae men with' aofrow confeased, (ha( wba(
had been done was according (o (he decree
of God; and had happened for (heir own wirkcd-
neaa, and assen(ed (o (hoae (ha( invi(ed (hem,
nnd came down (o (heir own (ribe. . The larael-
i(ea alao gave (hem four hundred virgins of
Jabeah Oilead for wives ; . but as (o (lie remaining
two hundred, (bey delibera[ed abou( i( how (hey
might compass wives enough for (him. and (lia(
(hey might have children Iw (hem; and whereas
they bad, before the war began, (aken an oa(b
tha( no one wpuld give his daughter (o wife (p a
BeBiami(e, aome adviatd (hem to have no ro
gara (o what (hey had sworn, because (he oath
fiad no( been (alcen advisedly and judiciously.
but i n a p ass io n, and t ho ught that th e y a liuuld
do nothing •g><ait God, if Uiey were able (oaave
■ whole tnb« which was in danger of perishing,
and (iiat peHury was (h*n • sad and daaMrwM
(hing, no( when i( wss done out of necessity, Ixtl
when it is dona with a wickad intanlioo. iUl
whan tha senate were affrighted a( (ha very
■aiua of perjury, a cer(ain person (old (hem, that
he could ahow (lirni a way whrrrby they niigHt
Crocure the Menjaniilea wivm nniiixh, anil y«t
eep Ihrir oath. They aakrd !iiiii vtliat hia pro-
poaal waa I Ha.aaid, " that three limes in a year
when wa meet in Sh'iloh, our wives andovr
daughters accomiNiny us; let (hen tha Benja*
miles be allowed to steal away, and mairjp
surh women as they can ratrh, while we wiH
neither incite them nor forbid them; and wheV
their parents take it ill, alid desire us to inflict
punishment U|)on them, we will tell them, that
they were themaelves the cause of what had
happened, by neglecting to guard llieir daugli-
tern, and that they ought iiot to be over angry at
the Benjainites, since that anger was m'rinilted
to rise loo high already." So the laraelitra were
|iersuaded to follow this advice, and decreed,
that the Benjainites should be nllowed thus tu
steal themselves wives. So when the festival was
coming on, Iheae two huHilrrd Henjamitra lay
in anibuah befure the city, by two and three to-
((ether, and waited for the coiiifng of the virgina,
in tbe ^ineyarda and other iilacea where (hey
could lie concealed. Accordingly, (he virgin*
cama along playing, and auspeilinl no(hiiig of
what waa coming upon them, and walked after
an unguarded manner, ao thoac that la* acattered
in the road roae up and caught holu of them .
by thia means theae Benjaniitea got them wives,
aud fell to agriculture, and took good car« to re-
cover their former happy ata(e. And (hua waa
(hia tribe of (be Benjaniitea, after (hey had been
in danger of entirely (leriahinff, aaved In (ha
manner forenientioned, by the wiadoin of the Is
raelltcs; and accortllngly i( presently lovrishad
and soon increased (olie a multitude, and cama
to enjoy all other degrees of happinass. And
such was (he conclusion of (his war.
CHAP. in.
Houl the finttUlei, nfltr IM» JUiifurlwm, prrm
teiektd.mndtervedUieAMiyriani.andkou (liA
deUvini llumiy Olhnitl, uko rultd over them
forty Yean.
} 1. Now i( happened (ha( (he tribe of Dan suf-
fered in like manner with the tribe of Benjamin;
and it caiue to du ao on the occasion fulluwing: .
when the laraelitea had already left off the ex-
erciie of their arnia for war, and. were intent
upon their huabnndry, the Canaunites deapistd
(hepi, and br6ugh( (ogeflier an nmiy, np( because
(hey exi>ec(ed (o auner by (hem, bu( berouae
(hey had a mind to have a aure proapec( of (^ra(.
ing (he Hebrew!i ill when they pleased, and niif^ht
thereby, fur the time (o comr, dwell in their own
cities the more securely; thry prennred there-
fore their chariots, and gathered tneir soldiery
together, their cities also combined together, and
drew oyer to them Askelon nnd Ekron, which
were within the tribe of Judah, and many more
of those that lav in the plain. They also forced
the Danitus (o lly into the moiintslnous country,
and left (hem no( (he leas( portion of the plain
country (o se( (heir foot on. Since then thesf
Danitis' were nut able to fight tijeiii, and had not
land eiiouf|[h to sustain tliein, they sent five nf,
their men into the midlapd ruuntry to see forii'
land to which they might remove their habitation :
so thea^ men went a» far aa (he iiei'j;hborhno<l
of mount Iiihanus. and the fniinlninK of the lesser
Jordan; at the great piniu of Siilon, a day's
journey from tlic city; and wlirn they had (akcB
a view of the land, ami fuuiiil it to Im^ good and
\i
eactoiiiig fruiti'ul. ihey act|uiiiiitrd tlicir tribe
with it, whereupon they made an expedition with
the army, and built there the city pf Dan, of Ih*
lOI
*■■• naina wlib lk« ion of Jteob, Biid of Ui«
•uiM Mni« wiA llMir own trib*.
I. Th« UraalitM tnw u, in<Julca( ind unr«i-
fly ol Uliiiif 6.111.. A,i,„i,c,r,„„„r^,hcii,i.r
upon Ihtni, which .1,0 ptoccr.l.,1 m ,,.rt (r.im
tfirir ronumpt of Ih. df»in« wor.hipj for when
Ihfv hu.l once railen off from lh« r«guUri«y ol
Ihrir p..l.tir,l ^..,«M„„n«. th»y iniluT»„l Ih.m-
«lvr, f.,th«r in liviiij .ccOr.lfiiK to (heir own
aV.w !^ '"J"?' '»"••'•» Chu.h.n. kinr of lh«
mil !^y. •!■".'?• "V •!{"»•» the,,., l1.«y lo.(
lh.y w,™ b«.l,g,d. th.y w«r« t.k.n by fore.;
o.y. «l>«r. w«r. fome who, out of f,.r, VolunU-
yponthtm »M a,or«.h.n Ih.y could b«r. «t
did th.y p.» lf,«ndBnd,rt»€nlill Mrt of op^.^,.
•!ou fgr ..gCt ?cir.; .fur which tin.« th« w«r.
•"o'^'i'L'"" «'■«"' '" «'«• following m.nn«r/
»h.J /u""' on. who.« nmne wm Othnii'l,
loch . liV^ ""' V° """'ook «!>• ItrHelilM in
-h- „ I ^"J' '*• «"? '''*■' 'heir llb«rtr; lo
a.nl.. ""' P™"""* •<>■"<> lo wi>M hin, in ihi.
te Z* "JT"""*' i'?'' '■'^ •'"'y wer*.,vho
W«T.iled on to .Mi« himj) he drat of .11 d.itroy-
H?.» l ?"''"'". «'"«'' ChiKh.n h.d Mt oTir
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JKW8.
with under the Mnibilet. Thit liberty he pre
I"""' fur ihiiu in the AkllowinK niiinn< ri
a. There wai . younf nieii of lli« iribn of Re.
jtniin, wlifMe nunii wh K.hud, the ion of Qers,
a nun of v^ry grret rnuraKe in bold under
l.klilKi, and of . very •lrunf( body, fit for h.rd
libor, but bril ikillcd i,i u»inK Im !.(» huiid. in
which wti hi> whoKt ttrrngth ; and he el<o dwelt
at Jericho. Pfow lhi« man became f.iuili.r with
Kglon, end that by nie.ne of prrnnti, with which
be otitabied hie f«»i>r, nnd inainualeil hi,nMlf
into hn eood oniniun, wlirn by lie wn. .Uo be-
loved of (how that were about the kinf. "'
Now
rll*" f °iV'l'?^*'* *" '»''»K'PK pr<'«*nti to the
'i^n hiiii, he pot a
i.ii7j ■ : . -™ " •»•• pureeireu mat lie
Ili!:,'"i.'"' *"' •"•■*?». "'ore of the people
thTA-^ri.!?"*"^",' *° ""t' Joi-Odbatttwith
.bL 'j 'J: '^^^T' •hem entirely before
Jhem. Md cooipened them to pu. o»er 'Euphm-
J^LlJ^rT^", ®"'"''' • "*"> ""d Riven iuch
f.^h •?{"••".''*'■• "»•'»«' from the rtultitude
•uthority tojudre the people; end when be h^,
ruled o»er them forty yVw, he died ^
CHAP. IV.
/folB «iir Ptt^U iirtti tkt Moahitu ttghtttn
r«ort. ejuTwere thtn dtUvered/hm ^vtry
r««« ^ ** '** ^'""•■"«» «**'»
the I«r«elltet fell min HitodiMrder, and while
they neither paid to God the honor due to him.
nor were obedient to (he l.wi. their nfflictioni in-
creaied, till Eglon. kiug of the Mo.bllee, did .o
gjeatljr aeepue them, on account of thediioidert
of their politicd government, that he m.de w.r
upon them, and overcame them in ierer.1 battiei.
!^.iJ? il5" 5'1'u 9<""*StOM to tubmi(. mid
entirely lubdwed their army, uid ordered them
to pay him tribute. And when he bad built him
' i[2?i ??•«:•.•» Jericho,* he omitted no method
^^c^Ta" •*"."/ for .ighteen ye.«: brit
When God had once Uken pity of the Imelite*.
on account of their .fflictioi... and wu moved tj
^"S^^h by .»'••« •"PPlicationt put up to him,
be freed them from the b»rd niige they had met
hid fe,SJ,1','i'SL''~V' ihwnllon'^hl.nirlSfiS
mi ^^KlL'.2°S'*!!? "^ which It v^a. rebuUtb,
fiW,lKlnKizvt.34. Our other copici that avoid iu
i
proper n a me , . leric ho i an* e al l itth e t itw tfpulmtr tn
compoied nimicir to ilcep.
3. Hereupon Ehud informed the people of Jfc.
I richo privafilyof what he had done%n!d exhort-
ed them to recover their liberty; who heMd faim
gladly, and went to their arm*, and sent meiien-
ger» over the country, that tbonid eound trum-
peli of rami home, for it wu our cuitom ta call
ih. people together by them. Now (he .ttend-
r2!f i? / iP . "•■? 'It''°'"»» "f wbrt mirfortnne
had befalfcn liini for ■ greit while; but towerdt
the evening fearing K>me uncommon a<6'£idem
had happened, they entered into liti periourVmfd '
when tbey found Kim dewi they wera in greet '
disorder, and knew not what to do! mid hSfor.
tte pardt could be got together, (i,e multitude
of the Iiraelitei came upon them, «o th.t tome
of them were el.ln immedi.tely. ud lome wen-
put to flight, Md ran .way tow.rd the countr)
ol Moeb. in order to save themtelvei. Their
number wai above ten thounnd. The Iiraelitea
•eiied upon (he ford of Jordan, and punned
i-i*i°!i' V.1 "5* «''««>. ">d mrniy of them tbey
killed at the ford, nor did one of them ew.pe out
the Hebrew* freed themielve* from il.very un-
der theMoabite*. Ehud al*o wm on thi* ,c^,nt
dimified with the g6v,ernment over all the mul-
titude. Mid died hfter be had held the govemSent
eighjr year..t He w.* . man worAy of com-
me^ation. even be*ide» what be delerved for
the forementioned Mt of hi*. After him Sham-
gar, the ioh of Anath. wa« elected for their ro-
vernpr. but died in the 6rtt year of hi* rovero-
KInn Tl.l, which feaeer number Joeephua aMma
aometlaeetobavefolloired. And tlatiTSit mT
ning of the neit chapter it la (aid by Jqnptai.n^
here waa hardly abreathing time for the tanSutWke:
i
king, and hud two lervant* wi>.. „„„, „, poi
dagger on hit rf>h( (high w-rredy, .„d wen( „ .
(ohiiii: It wa« then •uiiuiier lime, and the raid >
die ol the ,l«y. when the guard* were not itrict-
y on their watch, both bt^oauee of (be heat, and
becauae they were .one to dinner. So the vounr
man, • hen he ha<T oftind hi* preacnt* io th?
king, who (hen n^iided in a •mail parlour that
.tood conveniently to avoid (he heal, he fell into
di*cour*e with him. for (hey were Mow alone, the
ting having bid hi* •ervan(* that .((ended bim (o
ro their w.) t, became lie bad a mind (o Ulk wi(h
fchud. He we* now >i((ing on hi* (hrone; and
fear *e,te<l upon Kbud kit he *hould mil* bii
■troke, and not give hjin a deadly wound. *o he
rai*ed hiuiielf up. and laid he had a dream to
"''P»rt Jo '''ii by (he command of God; upon
which (he king leaned out of hi* throne for \a\
of the dream: «o Ehud iiiiole hini to the heart
and leaving hi* dagger in hii body, be went out
and abut the door after him. Now the kinr'iaer-
vaiit* were very *(ill. a* iuppoting that the kin.
had CQmpo*ed liimeelf to efcep. ^
fore Jabia earn and ~i*nitaredlHei!^^
tioeh, Jti JNtQfit,
yearainalauoreO;
UaeepyefJiiMphw,
iDu eaiiavea uea.ltla Ucblv niol«.
le eoplet In hIi tliia hadleit SiUy 8
»: u had th.r^ fhiSSSTXi.-
Me that aonaof the eonle* in hi. n«. h^ j
'■■-■' .^•:':\'
• liberty h« pro
ninnncr:
lliii Iribn of !!••
th* ion of Qcra,
in bold uacUr
rxl}', fil for hard
liii lift hmid, ill
nU hfl aliu dwelt
n« riniilitr with
«nt(, with which
inimlcil hiiiiMlf
lu' wni nlta bt-
hr kjn(. Now
pruMnti to the
I hiiti, ha put k
ly, and want W .
<•, and the mld>
wcra not itrict-
>f tba heat, ami
r. So the >aunf;
prrienti to tbr
•II parlour lh«t
eat, he fell into
Mow alone, the
allrnJad him to
iod to Ulk with
III throne; anri
ihould mil* hit
' wuund, to h«
ad a dream to
of God; upon
thronu for jo}
I to the heart,
f, ha went out
the king'* aer-
; that the king
I people of Jk-
ic, and eibnrr-
who haanl bim
d *ent mciaen-
I lound (rum-
cuitomt9call
aw the attend-
lat miafortane
; but toward*
mon aib'^^enl
ii parlour, arfd >.
were in great
ot and before
the multitude
•o that aome
tad aonra were
1 the countn-
lelve*. Their
I'he Iiraelitc*
and puraucd
of them they
em eicape out
I it wa* thai
n ■lavery on-
a thii account
r all the qiul-
egOTemmcnt
nay of com-
deiervcd for
!r him Sham-
for their go-
r hi* govern-
■ben between
>,orsWor«U
>r480]rean,l
wp^na aaeaa
'ofepbaa, tUt
■ laraeUtaabe-
hlcbljr pnb*.
MlB ere o nly g
aOn"
i, "i
!
4s
JAEIt KILLING 8I8BRA.
"ii;
PraMMrftM
f/-
V
i>^*
/x
\
Av
-iT
^1:
w-
■OOK V.~CMAr. V.
CHAP. V.
Vf.
•»•«, with DU frwrr Ikaii Ik^. •!. '"•"■" "<"«•-
•ilh him U,„h. „r.l.r^ ">«'" «■' \»r lrll...i"
^UnTUl^i MBOtpo.1 ,B„ugh of ih.m"
3. So Ucbonh Mat for Bank ■ml hi.1 ki~
g«»™i »i h him ,h« h.U indirniilioi, ,i wh.t
»• Mid, Md raplicd, "Thou O iU-k ?i-ii ;
harki Tk— -i v '^"•»« « c«me on the r
mud to ht eooMdad; aiid whan kTuk^ iT
Ih. «,.,u„;i r . t •••«""•• *«i»»ni H*il..l to
ji;«n^n._..--:x:?;hju,i^
„ ^ CHAK vr
•upi'liction. to <.o.l, ,„.! |,..„,„g,„ ,,i,„ ^, „,;
hm"Xth. ««?;;''' ''"""If "•«",. «J.. .Id
Ood •■ To »li,k k •'•'''''■ ;"•"•»<' b«l'>«d of
3. Now therefore, r. Gideon ww rcUiinr' Jku
meogot r««dv f„r fiichtii.r ft... »lVT '*»T1!^
kind w«r. too fonJ^f th«u«lvc. «d w ," ^2'
me, to .uch w exc«ll«d in virtue: „iw tK
thejr might not pau Ood over, bit airL Ik.
*ictorjr,ahli,,.aWl might not fancy ToMlin^.r
, by their own power blcaune Ihev weLT!*!*
f.r«.y,.nd ablTof th,m.elve.toVhu,. •,,«•;,•'
miei, but might confeu that it waTowin^ .„ k*'
U.i.Unc«. h^e advi-d him to briigwf «m»
•bout noon, m th. vioIe«ce of thAeat t^i^{
mer. and to e.t..m tho... thpt liSnt down on
their kneei. and m drank, to b. men of cou^i^"
^•'""l" tfco* that drank tUBMhuoMhr TK
ha ihould eiteem thent to do it out o? fa.> Z^
U .adr^ of t h eir enemi...- Ti^l h^'htt
(
\
'»««. ''"-m
'%^;.
IW
ANTIQI)ITII» 0¥ TIIK JKWi.
(MM. Ami nkta
U. rr.« him fr.»" hi. f»»r. hwl hin. t.k' ;•.«• "< h"
!),.« h. .h..»l.l lr..». Ih.» ..ry pt».« h." ht.
.?,„,«. «....). .i.'! If" »«''«'• '*« ''• '^V*'.
,„.| •"nt .n<l lu-ih hi. MrvMj I'hur.h w.lhhi...,
■mi M hm I •..(• n»«r «'• «>•• "' •••• "•"•■ "' "'•■
.„„„.l Ih.l Ih.,.. (h.l -." i» l« "•" .«.k».
.ml Ih.l ..... nf 'h»". •" l»ll..'I •'>"'•• '»' "•
...Idi.r* .lr..m..l hi. own, ....I h«l .« pU » y.
thklOirfxinrouM h««r him ■rh..lr.«m *•. ih|.
h. Ih..«»hl h. .•* • b«rl.7 fk». iwh • o«« ••
roMiii h«Biir •>« ••••" '•» """• '« *•• •" '! •■
r..llinK thr,.u«l. ih. r.ra,.. .n.l '""'►•'""'"«•'-
r..»«l »»nl.»"rt th.lPiii.or.lllh. rMil.l.»r. Now
th« ..ih.r ...U1.»r ..iiUtuwl »hl. vl.|..n to .««••
Ihn d«.(ni«liun ..f tt.« .rniy. titd Hil.1 him wli«t
kit n»um WW whM-h BM.I. iMw w wc«j*U.clur«.
vd. (bat lh« ....l • .""l »>.''»y w.. •» "« '« •';
luwrd «.. iM. <.r «h« .llr.l *irl «'•"'; ••^ «h.
Ih. I.r.rliu. w.r» *n..w» »'> h« lh» vH.M of .11
Ih* |»»o|.li. of A.i«, •gr^.l.ly lo lh» .».a of \>»t-
!•« I unit (h.l whU wr.Mwl l<> »<»''' '"K •""•«'"[ «"'
l.ra«l.lM. WM iMMJi'l'on. «.i<l ih." »"..)f }.7' ""
Willi him: ''HmSr' "ho.. ..y..l H.ou .U.l.t .«
Ih« r.li» wfllWinK «»r l.nl.. 1 .."i •«'«"' '♦•«
(ItHl hmh nrflfu-il Uw .i<:lory..*»ruil.><.i'l">>i.
5 Wki(l<ii<l<oilt|Ma hMnl thi« Urr.ii.. K«u«l
ii..i»Hn.TT.i.ir.|rf f •...•. MMH hims .n'l •'•;';"!•;
iii.ml«a hi. .ol3i»f» to urm lh»».»lv«.. .lul «''lu
IhAiii of Ihii »i.ion of itmir rnniiiri. I hr> .Ho
look fwnup •! wh.l w.. tol.! ll.»«., .."I w"
rntily to ix rform wli.l l>« "houlil mjoiii Ih.iii:
•u lildeoA clivi<l«l hi. uniiy into lhr»« »>•"». ind
brouiht U 0..I .boiit tln' fourlli w.t' li •>•••'•.
ni«hr»ch |i«r« coiiuiniiig ■ hiiiidrrd ii.»n: »h'y
•iP h«r« »...|.tv pitHitr.. hikI l.ijhu.r Ump. m
lh«ir h.iidi. lli.l th.ir o.l«»l ....Kill not l.« .U.-
ravurcd by Ihfir «nriiii».. I li»/ l.."l •I"' *•' J
of thrin ■ niiu'i horn, in hi. nishl h.od. whi.h
ho BMid in.t«Ml of •lriiro|.«t! thr »n»mir. ..i..!.
took up ■ Un{« .|«.« of ground, for '« "•PP'Pn^
th»T hwl • |i;rH.t in.ny .•...»!.: tnd ». «hg|
wcra divided into iliff^rrnt n.tlon.. .o Ihry Ji^
•II coitt»inrd |tel>. cIkU. «»* "''••» "I"
brxwidiil Hi «|f ^.ro ofiltrrd b»for*hiiliil|
their •puroaoh to Ih.lr «n*mi«., .nd on t
nil RivVn, «iund«l with their run..' lion,
brake their pitrh«r», and wt ui)on their e
with their la.ii|», and a rreal .lioiil. and cried,
" Victory to (ndeon, by Uod'. a.i'i.lan?f , a di.-
order and a fright wiwd on th* oilier men while
° they were fa.t a.leep, I .r U wa. ninhl-linie. a.
Ood woul.1 have it; .0 tliut a few ol Iheni wer«
Maia by their eneiiiir., but the |re«le.t part bj;
tkrirown H>ldi<r., on arcminl ol the divertity ol
duir lan(5U.|rei •■"• *''!"..'•'!' "u"* ""^ £k'
„ Ato diwrdeF, they killed all that they met whh.
thinkinr them to b« enewie. al«o. I bu.
"|B ca. a great .laughter made. And a. the
2«l«ri of Oidegn'i victory came to the l.raelite..
*^ey took Iheir weapon, and pnrincd their ene-
aiina, and overtook them in a certain yalley, *n-
■ coi.ipaued vvith torrenti, a place which thewi
.conW not ret over; to they enc.mipa.«-d Ihem.
and .lew tfiem all, with their king.. Oreb and
Z,.b. But the remaining captain, led lho.e
loldier. that were l«(», which were about eighteen
Ihniiwml. and pitched their camp •ureal way
o<r the LrMliU.. However. Uideon did not
crudga hi. pain., but panued them with all hi.
: Sroij. ahd joining batlU with them, cut off the
whola •neiniei* army, whI took the otjier lead-
era, Zabab and Zatnanna. and made (hem cap-
„ However, ihe l.lb. «l »;|*r«im ■»«. <'l^|
.U.«^d *l lh«|.i«l .Mcr.w of (...lehn, •''|UL_
l„.,.,.. he .lid not t.ll Ihem '.'' ^''^m'^Wt
aK..a.t ll'.i' »«••»»•• . '«»« ""'«|»''Tr":ifZl'
Uinner, .wl that ..eelted li.
„|. '• llial il •*• ""• '•"■ '"
Ihortly or ree".nH.*pli.. - j . , , ,^ - ,
„"„mI of «I.Ml, »i^ .UtllMPr h.l..ng.jl <"
lhi« iii»ih...l .irS«di..K Ih'if |«..i.>H.. h«»ir«f«n»
more ..lonUR' I" ""• ll'>"»"« "'•» ';> •.^" •".f:
(|v«a. Now thera «<H llftin in thi. battle of th
Midiauitea. ami of tbair •uiiliarle., the Arabian.,
■bout a hundred a«d twenty thouMnd; and the
Hahrcwi look • gtwrt fwy. r»W« •^ »^.*"- *^
f„, hr liaiiinrtn.t 'h»«« »aen.(»«,l.'f he lh»r«by
deli.err.l Ih*. f"'™ • w.lUlon which wa. arlwng
Ih. pUntihrnenl of (hi. ih.ir injurtou. Ireatm.n*
of (Meon. ..r which w. wlH gi.e an ..loual in
''"ri'u..«,».n<;i.l»H«l.*M'>iiv«laiddowt,»fc* -
g„,er...n.nl, bul waa ««.r|»r.«ad.d «"••''•'•;
*hich he ...wed f"'«y )"". ""'' '';"?'*,
invlice to thrm, a. ihe l*opl« '.»"" ''• '",'" '"
iheir di(r«r»nc„i and what he '"■'•™''|'"' ••'
»■• burled In hi. own counlr) of tlphra.
CHAP. VU.
7'A«f M« J»dgi$ vhmvtftiJfJ OiJty m»i* >*'"'
vilklkt Jjuminf .ymlioni/ur limf Imi.
J I. Now tlideon hail .evenly ««ni< that were
leclliniale, for he had m.n* wive., bul he had alMi ,
une Ihat wa. .pur.on,, l.y hi. concubine IJ"""""''.
wh.iw n«»... wa. AWn.elecb, who after h .
father', death, rel.r.dlO,Hhe. h.ni lol.i. n.'.ther •
relation., li.r they «*e otjliat place: and when
he bed got nmne, of ..icb .f Ihcpi ♦« *«" "..'•
uent for mlW iM-lanc of '"J-H^; '" -:•'».'
with (ham (o Jl. f.lh.r'. hou^, wiplew all l.i.
brethren. t»*|.t Jolhan.; for fcgflW the good
fortune to ewaiKijiiMl be pre..rv^; but Abime
lechm.de llu' grtvenin.e..t.lyrMoBW»l, •«" ci.n-
tlitlKed hiw.elf a lord, l» diJllwhal he pleai-ed. in-
■*• ■ ..(leving Iha law., a|id b\ MCle.1 uio.t
i<u«t tl.o.« thai vvijr.. lh|>, |)^oni ol
[when on if^JMFV"'.* .''"".T"'.*
iVal at HheclWaiidVill the muttltude -
gatliered lopr<tlier,Jo\h»ni hi. brother
whow e.caiH. wa before r.lalV.I, went up to
mount (Jeritllro. which hang, over the ..lyol
Hh.chem. and crie.1 out «> n. to be heard by the
multitude, who wer.' attentive lo hmi. He d.:--*
•ired they wouW con.ider what he wai going to
■ay (0 th«mi *a when .ilence wa. made, he
■aid. "Thai when th« tree, had a hunwn voice,
and there wa. an a.«enibly of them gathered lo-
eelher, (h.y deiired that Ihe fig-tree woul.l rule
Sver them; but when that tree refuwd .o (o do.
becauie It waa contente.1 to enioy that honor
which betonge.1 peculiarly to the friiit it Ijare
and not that which .hool.1 be derived to it from
abroad, the tree, did not leave off their intenliona
to have a ruler. ... they thought proper U> make
theofler of (hat hoiu>r io thf vino j but when
the vine waa chown. it made um of the .ame
word, which the fig-trer had U»rd b.!fore. anil
cscu.ed itrtif from ncceplini the govermiienl.
and when lha olive-tree h(id dune the Mnie. me
briar, whom (he tree, had .le.ired to take tlilf
kingdom, (it i. a .ort of wooil good fo' /»"»«*'
promLed to take th. goyamment. and to^be
MaloM in th« •lerciM ofit. but that then hey
mnit (it down under iU ahadaw. and if tlity
ihould plot againit it todfttro/ it, the principle
o7«M thit waa in it .hould d«troy them. He
toM them, that what he «ia wa. no Unghine
ilrtltf. for tka( whan thay b«l eioerjiiKea
l^ ■
% —
•'
". w
V-CMAr. Vtl.
Amiuvldh, wHfh^ii •ocrruUil nil, dml hwl liHa
vil with hliu In •Uying hia lirvjhr^iii iikI (||st ba
WM no liaii'f lli«H • ]tr« hiiii<«ir " Mu wlla* h«
kail mil IhM, ha arrnt awaji, awl IIikI iirlfa^al^
in Ilia inouuUiiM Cor lliraa iraan, uttl of laaf ol
AbtHialMh. \
a. A llllla whiU .Aa. ikU DrallHl. «k« Mk-
ehvililUa, wkn n»«l mm rifWHlml ma«nwl>aa •/
hiKini ilain (ha •.■n* nf (ii.l<„ii, tinut Alilni*.
larli a«r»/, h,.lli Iruin llirir < i|. anl Iha^r l>ilia|
nii^bl duiraai
MbaraNBoa ha eonlrivi'ii ,. _....„.
Ihairrlijr. ,Nuw ai «ha M««.>n nf tint»}t. lh»
uao|tU wara »(ni<l t<r ^y .hi( ami (athfr Ilia
rruiU, fur har Aliinialrih •hnulil <l<i ihaM Mma
irtnehiaf Niinr n ha|iu«K»i| thai lh>ra bail Coiur
til tham • mail or aulhorlly, nna tiaal, ilial ao
iournrd 4Hh llivm, ha«inB >><• •rmtil man (ml
kla kliiaman wilh bim^ mi (ka Hliaflianila* da-
•Irril ihal ha w.iulil allow thant ■ (iianl ilurlav
Ihitr «iiilagr,w|ia>riu|uin ha ai <-«)>(itJ uflliairda'
•irai^aikil in Ihn |M-iipl<i wrnl uui, ami UmI with
Ihaiii at iha hrail nf hia aoliliary ! to Ihay >■■
Ikarad ihair rruit wilh Mfaly, Ami whun llia«
wara »l tupiiar in Mtml <uiu|MilMaa, ibav than
vrnlurrd In i ara« Aliiinalrrb oiifnlv, *ii<l iba ma-
KialriilKa li^idjuiiliiialiaa in iiU,, , aluHit Iba cli>,
uil i-aiiifht ^JTaiur of Abinialcch'a fiilluwaia. uml
ilaalnMrMl th^iT,.'
4, Now Ihrrlwaa ona iKtbul • (na|(l<lrala of
Iba NhavhaniijHf, ihal had anlrrrninnl Aliima-
lach. lla*W>^ nivaai'iii^art, and Inl'iirmrd bin)
bow much (laat bati irriialad Ibn iMopIs axainal
ktn, and aicilail biiii lu Ujr ambuthaa iM-rnra Iba
eiljr, for that ha noubl iiaraumla (laal to fo out
BKainal biin, wbicit woufd l*a«a il in bia miwar
to l>a rair..ii||a<l on bini. and wb«n that wai onca
dooa, ha would lirin(t hyii lo ha mionciltil to tha
<'*(y- , ^o Abini«l«rb Uid aiiiliuahri, and hiniarll
U» wilh Ihnn. Now liaal aboda in Iba aiiburha
Uking Mil* car* of hlmaciri and Zabul w^ wilh
bun. Now, aa (Jaal a«w lb* armed man rominr
on, ha anld lo /abul, that aoma arniad man wara
coniini; ; bul Iba ntbrr rrjilird, lbi>y wi-ra pnU
•Imdowa of biica atonca ; and when ijiay warn
cumf Mar*r, (iiat parcaind what waa Ib4 reali-
Ijr, and aaid, thajr wara not abadowa, but man ly-
ins la Aivtiuah. Than aaid /abul. didat nul thou
nproMli ' Abiinrlanh for cow*nlft;aT why doat
Ifcott not Ibao ahow how »i<ry roiira|raoua thou
•H Ihjraeir, and ij^o and Aiht bini f SoVjiial, l»*iii|r
M dlaordar, jolnad bnltr; wilh AblmrlirlT, nnd
•MM of bia man l«ll^<^rauponha »t<i ii«tolh«
elty, and took bia niaf wilh him. Hut /abml
ininared bia iiintlFra ao in the cily, that be pro-
curadlbam lo xipal (laal out of tha city, nnd
tbia by accuiing bun of cowardice in ihia atlion
With iho aoldivra of Abimt lecb. But Ablnirlaeb,
-^han ha bad latmad thai the Shechemilea want
•C«ia comiBC »«» «» gather their gnpea, placed
•mbaahM ^fore the city, and when ihry were
coming out, the tbirU part of hia army took ima-
•anHto of tha galeae to hindar tbe ciliiriia (roiu
ratuming m again, while the rcat puraued ihoae
that wer*. ai altered abroad, and ao there waa
a aagbter e».-ry where; and when he bad over-
tlirotrn the cily to the *rry foundationa. for it waa
not ab|» to bear a aiege, and bad aown ila ruina
With aalt, he proceetled on with hia army, till all
the Shccbeniitea were alain. At for thoae that
ware aealtered about the coantrr.and ao eacapcd
the danger, tlii-y were patharwf »6g«th«r unto a
cal-tain atron^ rock, and aeltled tbemaeire* upon
it, and prepared to build a wall about it; (uid
when Abiiiielech knew Iheir intentiona, he pr*.
Tented them, and came upon them with hia for-
cu, and laid fagola of dry wood i-ound the place.
r preaant copiea of Joaephna all omit Tola
ihajudiea, tlioath the olber roplea h«Te him
—-after AWmelaeh, and allot IwantyUirM yeara to
Iw himnU mH»m "mm •! Ibani, and ha k||
•lampla ant«|t|wa«,«n|( III,, «d.ll.ra lod« lb« tame
ai.,,.ii with ikiaa i^.h., ibay laT ibem an Kb*.
ami lbr><« m whal«ir<rer by naliirw rawfkt IIm
tfca».«,, ,«„,) n,. a mi,l.i, Mama w« ralS
aMi nwlm,ly lowht rti ,na, tr.mi lhrti«i.k, tol
afary ftwn, panakad, wiib iheir »lv..« „«J thO-
linn, m hH ab<«tti IUi„„ hun.lrfd msia, and iba
'♦•« ••-t • ««»•• numba, .1.,,, And MMb mu
lb* ralamily that fell upon the Sh«jk,mit««i
ami iwrna grl*^ on Ihior «. .iiiinl TLl 't,
(raaler Uaii II «,.. bad <b*y not liaSLhl _
miM-h iniMi'hier on, a Paraon Who had »n\»,l| 4Z
aarvad ««f lh.ii|, m,| had fkar not lhama*l»c|
eal*ani«^ Ihia ha a puniabwrat for Iha aanw
* f "'•^''''•"••' •>■ wlien he had airriuktail tha
laraahl<a%iih the miaeriea h« had I i|r»il muM
Iha Nha« Itwnilea, aaaliied oiienly load..) .r.aier
artfcoi «» Kkan ha now had. and apiMared (■:> att
BO hoiuuU m hia »i«i«m.- wnleaa It wara wllR fha
.l..(m. lion rid all. Acro^Hngly, ha man>b*d lo
Ihabei, and Imik the rliy an Iha aiidd«i>i and
there being •ht'val lowir Ikareiii, whereunio tka
whol. mulllfide «qd, he g|ft.|.- preiiafalioo to
beaiega II, |\^w aa be w.a NahmK with f tolanea
near the galea, • woman threw a piere ml mill.
atonr upon hia »«Kd, U|Hin whi< h AbiinnlKfli fall
down, ami deaimd bia annor-lieirerlo klW bim,
leal bia death ahamild be thought to be the work
of a woman; whfc^wl what k« waa bid to <llo. llo
he nnderwrnt hii d«>lh aa a |iuniahineiil fur tk«
wioketliieaa he bad prrprtraled againal Ivia bn»-
lhren,jBnd hia inawlrnl barbarity lo the Nhach4»>
Ilea. Now Iha lalamlty that bapfiened lo Ibuat
Hherhemilea, wiia Mcronling to Ihe proliction of
Jolham. However, the army thai waa wilh Abl-
Mi'lerb. upon hia tt/U. Waa acatlarad abraail. and
went lo Ibeir own iMWiea.
«. Now il waa IhaM Jair tha niteadila.a of {Im
Iriba of Maoaaaeb, l«Mik Ihe gOTerninenl. fla
waa a man haujiy („ »ll|et reaparU alao, but par*
ticularly in M, 1 bilMren, who were of a good
charariar. TbeyMaawa thirty In number, and
»ery akilful m rfilinf en horaea, and were In.
Iniateil with the govMlaiiienI of t<ie citira of UU
leail. lie kepi die govawnment Iwenly-lwo yearg.
am died an obi man, a«i ha waa burlad in f ramoL
city of Uilead. ^
T. And now all Ibn ailfaira of Iha llabrawa
were managed iiniertaiaily, and tended lo diaor-
der, and lo Ihe rontrnipt of (iml and the lawa.
So the Amnionitea ami I'hiliallnea had them
in ronleinpt, and laid wwale Ihe country wilh •
gr*at army; and when IhH'y bad taken all Herea,
they wore ao iliaoleni aa to alleinni to gain Iha
poaaeaaion of all Ihe reali but Ihe itebrewa being
now amended by tbe calaauilira they had Mnder.
gone, betook themaelvea toxupplicaliona lo Oodt
nnd brought aacriKcra to ibiiii, baaeaching hin
not to be too aevere upon Aeni, but to be mo*ad
bir their prayera to leave loff hia anger agaiMi
them. So (Sod became mom merciful to ihaM.
and waa readr lo aaaiat theio.
8. When tha Amnionitea had made an aip*.
ditlon into the land of Oilead, tbe inbabitanta^
tha country niet tbeni at a certain mountain, hot
wanted a c6nimander. Now there waaona whoae
yaffle waa Japhiha, who, both on acconot of hia
L- t ' "'"V- I""* "■ acrouot of that arm*
which he maintained at bia own eipenaet, waa •
polanlman: Ihe laraelltea therefore aant Id hlin, '
and enlreatid him lo come lo their aaaiatanca.
and promiaed him dominion over Ihein all bia
liretiiiie. But he did no! admit of Iheir entreaty t
and accua«<l them, that tliey did not come lo hia •'
aaalataoce when h« waa unjuatly traatod, and
^
ft
<«
*Oar
among
eommanutoraeoneluda.thal In Jaaapbw^ Mm oftba
yeara of Mia Jodxea, hi* twenlytbrea yaaia ara lacla
dad: hence wa araloeoBtaa, IbM iMMWhaf baa ^m
hafahMmtofklamiiiir^ »-.-«ww»a.«aa^
i^
»■■>• ■■ i
1.1
lit
ANTIQUITIES OP TUB JEWS.
Ihi( Id u opm aiMHMr by bit brMbran ; for Ibcjr
CMt bim ov, u aol1i>viBg tb* niua mdlhar with
tba KM, but born of a itraaca mothar, tbat wai
introducad amoor tbaiq by bikrathar'i fondneu,
Md Ibif lb«T did^out of a coolempt of bit inabi-
lity [to rindieata bimiclf.] So he dwalt in Ibe
eountrjr of Ollaad, aa it it called, and received
all that came to bim, let tbem come from wbat
place toever, and |)aid tbam wagct. HoweTCr,
wbeo thejr breited him to accept tba clominioo,
and iware that they would {rant him tbr coTern-
pent over tbem all hit life, be led tbem to the
■ war.
•.And when Japhtl^ had token immediate cara
of their affairi, he placed hit army at the city
of Mitpeh, and tent a meitage to the Ammonite,
IkioK.] complaining of hit unjuit pottetiion of
their land. But that kinr pent a contrary met-
tage; and com|)lained orthe elodnt of the It
. u,^ mj j„j^ them to gaoiit
AmAitci, and yield it up to
neliiet out of Egybtr and deiired them to ra out
of the land of the AmAitct, and yield it up U
, him, at at Srtt bit paternal inheritance. ButJepb.
tba returned tbit antwer, ••That he did not ioit-
I* complain of bit ancettort about the land of
^ tba Ampritet, and ought rather to thank them
that they left the land of the Ammonitet to tbem,
nnce Motet could have taken it alto; and tbat
peither would he recede from Ihatland of their
own, which God had obtained for tbem, and they
bad now inhabited rtboTe] tbrea hundnd yeari,
bar would fight with them about it/'
10. And when be had given them thit animer,
ba tent the ambatiadort away. And wben be
bad prayed for victory, and had vowed to per-
form tacred oflicet;* and if he came home in lafe-
ty, to offer in tacrifice trbat living craatura
■oever ibould firtt'meetbim,be joinedliattlewitb
a«eneniy, and rained a great victory, and in
Ma purtuil tirw the enemiet all along at far at
the ciiir Minnith. Ha then patted over to the
tatd of the Ammonitet, and overthrew many of
tkeir eitiaa, and took tbeir prey, and fre^ bit
OWB people from that tiavery which they had
•adaripne for cigbtcen.yean. But at he came
back, be JeU into a calamity ooway conmpoad-
oar to the neat actiont be bad done ; for it wat hit
"*%■>(•'' u»t came to meet bim; the wat alto aa
Miy child, and a virgin: upon thit, Mphtba bea-
my lamented the greatnett. of hit affliction, and
blamed bit daughter f«r being to forward in meet-
ng him. for be bad vowed to tacrifice her to God.
However, thit action that wat to befal her waa
^t ungrateful to ber, lince the thould die upon
^occaiion of ber faiher'i victory, and the liberty
/at b«r fellow-citizens: the only desired ber father
/ to give ber leave for two monthi, to bewail her
youtb with ber fellow-citizeni; and then the
Vgreed, that at the forementioned time, he might
do with ber according to hit vow. Accordingly,
when tbat tim« wat over, be lacrificed hit daugh-
ter at a bumt-ofliering; offering luch an oWa-
tion at wat neither comformable to the law, nor
■ecepuble to God, not weighing with himielf
Fbn opiuon the hearen would have of tuch a
|>ractice.
'. U- Now the tribe of Ephraim fought against
bin,becaute be did not take them along with
bim inbit expedition Waintt the Ammonitet, but
becaute he ^one had the prey, and the glory of
what wat ddie, to himtelf. At to which he laid;
vJ*!- * ""^ were not ignbrant how hit country
hnd fought againtt him, and that whei^ they were
invited, they did not come to hit aiiittance,
wbereai they ought to have come ({uickly, even
before they were invited. And in the next place,
- .t '""phut hittly eondemm Jephtha, kt do the Apot-
tolkal Conttltutkmt, b. vU. ch. xxivll. for hit rath
.??7' IT'""'"' "•«'• fcr taerifldhg hit daugbler, at
Joaepbattheiaghl, or for dedicating her, who wat hit
only eliUd,to perpetual virginity, at tlie taliernaele or
•laewiitre, which I rather luppoee. If lie hat vowed
ber tor a w trtQtf ibe wight to havekaen
that tbav wan going to act uiyottly; for while
tbey bkd not courage enough to fight their ene-
miet, they cam* l^attily against their own kin-
dred: and he threatened them, that with Ood't
utittanca he wourd inflict a punishment upon
them, unlett they would grow wiser. But wnea
he could not pcnuade them, be fought them with
tboie forcet which he tent for out of (iiietd.and
be made a great slaughter among them; and
when tbey were beaten be purtued (hem, and
teized on the pattagei of Jordan by a part of hit
army which be bad tent before tind tlew about
forty-two thouiand of them. .
|J. So when Jephtha had ruled lix yoart,^*
died, uid wat buried in bit own country, Sebcc,
which It a place in the land of Gilead.
13. Now when Jephtha wudead, Ibtan took
the government, being of the tribe of Judab,
and of the city Bethlehem. He bad tixty chil-
dren, thirty of tbem tont, and the. rett daugh-
tert; all of whom he left alive l>ebiad him. ^v-
inr the daughten in marriage to husbands, and
taking wives for his sons. He did nothing in
the seven yean of bis administration that Wat
worth recording or deierved a memorial. So be
died an old man, and waa buried in bit own
countrv.
14. When Ibian wat dead after thit mayber,
neither did Helon, who tuccceded him irit the
government, and kept it ten yean, do any pjhing
remarkable; he wat of the tribe of ^ebufon.
16. Abdon, alto, the ton of HiUA of the t>ibe
of Ephraim, and born at the city i^rathon,
wat ordained tbeir tupreme governor after He-
len, tjle it only recorded to have been happy in
bit children; for the public alEiin were then to
peaceable, and in tuch tecurity, that neither did
he perform any glorloui action. . He bad forty
tout, and by them left thirty grand-cbildrea;
and be marched in ttate with theie seventy, who
were all utry ikilful in riding horses, and be left
them all alive afkcr htm. He died an old man;
and obujned i magnificent burial in Pyretbon.
CHAP. VIII.
ConecniMg- tkt FortUvie of Slmuon. and wAaf
Mitehigfi ht brought upon iht PkilitHtut.
{1. ArrxR Abdon was dead the Philittinet
overcame (he riraelites, and received tribnte of
tbem for forty yean; from which distress tbey
were delivered after this manner.
2. There wat one Manoab, a person of tuch
great virtue, that he bad few men his eaaals,and
without dispute the principal person ofhis coon-
try. He bai^ sf wife celebreted.for ber beauty, '
and excelling her contemporaries. He bad no
children; and being uneasy at this want of pos-
terity, be entreated God to give them seed of
their own bodies to succeed them ; %nd with that
intent he came constantly into the suburbt.f to-
gether with hit wife, which tuburbs were in the
great plain. Now, he wat fond of bit wife to the
degree of roadneit, and on that account wu
unmeaturably jfalout of ber. Now, when bit
wife wat once alonCi an apparition wat ti>en by
her; it wot an angel of God, and resembled a
yo^ng man beautiful and tall, and brought her '
the good news, tbat she should have a son, bora ,"
bv God's providiehce, that thould be a goodly
child, of great ttrengtbi by whom, when he wat
grown up to mah't estate, the Philittinet thould
be afflicted. He exhorted her also not to Mil
his bair, and that he should avoid all other kinds
of drink, (for so had God commanded,) and be ..
Lev.zzvii.l-^;hutorthetenteorverteaS8, », at
relating not to thiliii vowed to Cod, tat devole<liode-
itruction, see the note on Antiq. b. t. eh. L lect. 8.
tl can discover nonaton why Maneah and bit
wife rnme ab eonstamiy into tlieae tutarbi to pnv for
children, but hecauae t^iere wat atynacainwor plaea
o f am wot t a n l i. ll i.^ t utallt. — ~ ; r^
i
•«.■. 'I
v-i
JMtIr; for white
> Acht Ihcirene-
I (hair own kin-
Ibat with Ood'i
punitbrncnt upon
riier. But when
fourht them with
ut of Cifead, and
lonf them; and
inued them, and-
I bj a part of hii
I Mid iiew about
led lii yearii-^e
country, Scbcc,
jilead.
lead, Ibian took
tribe of Judah,
s bad liktjr chil-
I the. reit daugh-
l>ehind him, gir-
to huibandi, and
e (lid nothih|( in
itration that Wai
icniorial. So he
ried in hit own
rter this madAker,
eded him iAtbe
in, do anyjMiing
of ^ebuion.
iUAorthet>ibe
city Pyrathon,
vernor after He-
re been happy in
in were then i«
that neither did
. . He had forty
grand-children;
CM ieventy, who
inei, and he left
rd an old man;
J in Pyrathon.
mton, and wAa(
t Philutinu.
the Philiitine*
leired tribute of
ch diiticM they
penon of lueh
D biseaDali,and
ton of nil conn-
for her beauty,
n. He bad no
lis want of pot-
e theni teed of
i; %nd with that
le iuburiw.f to-
rbs were in the
' hii wife to the
it account wai
'fow, when bit
in wat A>en by
nd reteubled •
nd brought her '
B»e a ion, bom ,
lid be a goodly
I, when he wat
lliitinci thould
ilto not to poll
all other kinds
landed,) and be
reriea S9,, 9S, aa
but devoted lode-
eh. L aect. 8.
Manoah and bia
iburbitoprayftir
lagoipieor plaea
antirtty eontented with water. So the angel,
when ]iu had dllirered that metiage, wentliit
way. hit coniiug baring been by the will of t;od.
J. Wow the Wife inToniied her hutband when
ha caiiie home, of what the angtl had laid, who
thawed lo great an admiration of the beaii|i« and
tallnelt of the young man that bad appeal to
her. that her hufbaiid wai aitoaitbed, and out of
BOOK V.-CHAP . VII.
'lis
hmitelf for lealuuty, and luch ivipicioni at are
excited by that paition: but ihewaadetiroui of
- haring her hutbaod'i iioreatonable lorrow taken
«W^l accordingly tho entreated Uod to tend
*• •JR" •P'"' ">at he might be teen by her
irjr of aod,_ while they were in the tuburbi,
*1H her hutband. She deiired the aiurrl to tlar
JO long till the might bring her huibaod; anil
Manoah. When he taw the angel, he wat not
»at free from luipicion, and he detired hiiu to
Inform him of all that he had told hit wifi^: but
when he laid. It wai tufficient that ihe alone
knew what he had aaid, he then neqnritrd of
him to tell him who he wat. that when the child
waa born they might return him thaokt, and rive
him a pretenl. fl« replied that he did not want
anypretentjforthathedidnot bring thein the
goo.foew.Jf the birth of a ton out of the want
or any thing. And when Manoah had entreated
him to itay, and partake of hit hoipiulity, he
did not give hie coniept. However, fe wat Mr-
tuaded, at the earneit requeit of Manoabrio
-rl'^i.i?"* .*•"'• ^e brought him one mark
J ?M Si?"" i''J ^ ^' •'«'* • '■'d of the goati,
r and bid y. wife boil it. When all wm ^ady
5r k^i •W""*' t"" '^ •«♦ "'« loaveund tfie
Beeh, but without the veiteli, upon (he rock;
which, when they had done, he toluched the lUnh
with the rod which hehad in hit hand, which, upon
the breaking out of a flame, wat contuined tcL-
ther with the loavet. And the nngel aicended.
openly, in their t|ght, op to heaven, by meant of
the imoke m by a vehicle. Now IVfanoah wat
OKMU^thlt nghtof God; but hii wife bid him to
J??' JP~; fOWrage. fpr that God appeared to
them for their benefit. ri
^4. So the woman proved with child, and wai
Mnfttl to Obterva the injunrtioni that were
given her: and they called tiie child, whew he
.IK.; •»"n«2n.' which name iriguifiesone
that It 'ttront.' So the child grew apace, and it
appeared evidently that he would be i prophet."
both by the moderation of hit Jiet, and the per-
mitiionofhiabairtogrow. * ' ^
_S. Row when he once came wlthliii parents to
Tlipnath. a citv of the Philiitinei. when there
!r^'f"*"r*"'^%''f '■*■"" '°»« '»'■"• « "">iJ
?h...i! «<"•»•?;••»«> he detir«d of. his parents
that they would procure hiin the damsel lor his
SJlTwil „f #^ of Israel; yet because thii mar-
T?*l«? r'i'''.''/' .'""»•'•«' »o convert it to
ihLf"*"* °' *'!." ««»''«'". heover.neri.wded
them to procure her to be eipouied to him; And
*■«... l!!!r.''°5ViI"""/u'^°"''"K '» her parents, he
wet a lion, and though he waa naked, he received
hw onset, and ttrai^ed hiu with hi, hands* and
roll's ^"rlSd'. '"^'^ »•'"' '''«^»«^
6. And when he Waagoing another time to the
damsel, he lighted upon a twarm of beet making
their rombi in thebreatt of that lion, and takinr
three faoneycombi away, he gave them, together
Jrtth the rett of hit pretenU, to the dimsel.
«ow the people of Timpath, out of a dread of the
young man'i strength, gave him during the time
•Here by »pr»fk,t Joaephna aeema only to mean
He that w aa li o i i ihy a pa r iltu l ar nravidenr* ll.>«i Zr.
M MhJ«! A*^? '"^' <*" ••• *•"" '^••■••d 'h'-
™...»/r? *L fi""*" •"»•* »' 'heir youth, in
preUttce to ha hli companiont but in retlity to
be a guard upou him. ihVt ha might not « tempt
togive them anv ditturban... Now a. they WeK
drinking merrifyaad pl.yin- Samson wid* m
" " I. "(;oi
•ij 7~" "■■• "■» uvm ny a pariicuiar prov
<:f ^ "^ manner of a Nuarita devoted
wat usual at such timet. " (Tome if I nHV>i«.
•even dayt' (ma, 1 will give you every one a
wSrom "' V .!: «•":«»••" • -^ward^of yo«:
Jli!^ Jk" 1 ^'K ^'^ "'J' ambitiout t./ pb-
tain the glory. Of wii3om, together with the
glint, deiired Jim to propoae hi?riddle : he i.id.
of ilsel^ thoagh Itself were <,t,j disagreeable."
And when they were not able, in tlTrea days'
time, to find out the meaning of Ihe riddle, they
desired (he damsel lo discover it by the means of
her husband, and (ell it them, and they thraatca-
ed (o burn her if she did no( (ell i( (bcni. So
when (he damsel entreated Saniioo to tell it her,
he at first refused to do It, but when she lay hard
at hini,^ and fell Into teari, and made hit rafuial
totellitatignofbitunkiniinea to her; he in-
fohned her oThit slaughter of a lion, and how ha
found beet in hit breast, and carried away three
honeyr^omhi, and brought them lo her. Thua
he, tusoecting nothing of deceit, informed her of
all, and ilie revealed it to these that desired to
know It. Then on (he saveiith day. whereba
Ihey were lo U|>ognd the riddle proposed to
them, they niel together before sunsetting, and
said, " Nothing is more disagreeable than a lion
to those that li^'bt on it, and nothing is tweeter
•"»".»»n«y to those that make ufie of it." To
which Samson made this rejoinder: "Nothing la
more deceitful than a woman, fortuch wat the '
person that ducovered my interpretation to
vou. Accordingly, he gave them (he preientt
he had promised them, iftakihg such Askelonitet
at he met upon the road his prey, who were
themselvet Philiitinei also, ButL divorced thia
hit wife, and (he girl despitcd bit anger, and waa
married to hit companion, who made the former
match between tliem.
7. At thii iniiirloot treatment Salnson waa to
provoked, that he resolved to punish all the Phi-
• iitines, as we I as her: to it being then tummer
time, lud the Iruils of the land Oemg almost ribe
enoygh for penping, he raught (hree hunilrid
loier, and joining lighted torches to their tailt.
he tent them iiitq the fieldi of (he PhitiKinei, by
which means (he fruiti of (he fieldt perished.
Now when (he Philisdncs knew that this wat
hamion.i doing, and knew also for what causa
he did It. they tent their rulers to Tiinoalh and
burnt bit former wife, and her relationi,whohad
been the occaiiou of their mitforlunet.
Bk'r^'"'' •"''J" Samton had ilain many of the
rhihstinea in the plain country, he dwelt at Ktaa.
r f,'"Su'..*'^"K '**'' Of 'he tribe of Judah:
for tlie Phihttnei at that time made an exiicdi-
tion againtt that tribe. But the people of jlidah
•aid. that they did not act jTitly wVth (hem. in
m«ic(in|5 punwhmentt iltwn^hem while (her
paid (heir (ribu(e. ami thii only on account of
Sainton i olTencei. Thfy anlwercd, (l.ailir cite
(hey wouM not be blamed themselves, they most
deliver up Samson, and jJut him into iheir power.
S>o they, being desirous not to be blamed them-
telvet, came to the rock with three thousand
armed men. and complained to Sainton of the
bold insuitt he had made apon the Philistine*,
who were men able to bring calamity uiion the
whole nation of the H6brewt; and they told him
they were coiiie to Uke him. and to deliver him
up to them, and put him into their power; w
they detired hini to bear thit willingly. Accord'
/
rotedWGod.andwaa JS?' ?,'^'^. '''• i''*<lN8 anil avenging fait peoplelT
«w loooo, ana waa reel, wKhout any proper prophMic reveiaUMia at aU.
•*<n^
.V
^ '
114
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
•
i
lagljr, irhm he had receWml ■irannea from
them upon oalh, ihal ihrj would do hini no other
benii thin only to deliver him into bii enrmiei'
handf, be cenie down from the rock, end put
himMlf into the power of hie countrymen. Then
did they bind him with two cords, end lead him
on, in order to delirer hint to the Fhiliitinci; and
when they came to a certain place, whi(fh ii now
called • The Jaw-bone,' on account of the great
action there performed by Saraion, though of
old it had no particular name at 'all, the rhilii-
tinet, who bad pitched their camp not far off,
came to meet him with joy, and ihouting, ai
having done a f^reat thing, and gained what they
deiired ; but Samaon broke hit bonds aiunder, and
catching up the jaw-bone of an ats that lay down
at bii feet, fell upon hit enemiea, and imiting
them with hit juw bone, ilew a thouiand of them,
and put. the reit to flight, and into great diiorder.
9. UpDp thii ilaiigbter Samion waa too proud
of what he had performed, and laid that thi« did
not come to paM by the auiiteiice of God, bgt
that hit tucce'tt Wat to be ascribed to his own
couraee; and veunled hiiiiielf, "that it wastnit
of a' dread of hinii, that some of bis enemies fell,
and the rest, ran away upon his own nse of the
iaw-bone." But when a great thirst came upon
im, be considered that numan courage is no-
thing, and bare bis teitiniony that all is to be as-
cribed to God, and beiougbt him that be would
not be angry at any thing he bad said, nor sive
him up into the hands of his enemies, but anord
him help under his affliction, and deliver him
from the misfortune he was under. Accordingly,
God Was moved with his eolreatiet, and raised
him up a plcmifbf'ISiintain of sweet water at a
certain rock: whenceT it was that Snmion called
the place, • The Jaw-pone,'* and so it is called to
this day.
10. Afier this figlit Samson held the Philis-
tines in contempt, and came to Gaia, and took
up hit lodgings in af certain ion. When (he rulers
of Gaia were infqrnied of hit coining thither,
they seized upon Uie gates, and placed men in
ambuib about them, that he might not escape
without bein|; perceived. But Saiuto'n, who was
acquainted with uieir contrivances against him,
•rose about midught, and ran by force upon the
gaUis, with thein potts and beams, and the rest
of their wooden furniture, and carried them
away on his shoulders, and bare them to the
mountain that is over Hebron, and there laid
them down.
11. However, he at length transgressed the
laws of his country ,f and altered his own regular
way of living, and imitated the strange customs
of foreigners, which thing was the bcgiuniuj; of
hiimiteries; for he fell in love with a woman
who was a harlot among the Philistines; her
name was Delilah, and he lived with her. So
those that administered the public affdirs of the
Philistines came to her, and with promises in-
daced her to (;et but of Samson what was the
cause of that his strength, by which he becfliiie
■nconqnerable to his enemies. Accordingly,
when they were drinking, and bad tbi'like ron-
Tcrsation together, she uretended to admire the
actions he had done, and contrived to get niit of
bim by subtilty by what means he sp murji ex-
celled others in strength. Sanison, in order to
delude Delilah, for he had not lost his senses,
replied, that if he were bound with seven sucii
Ereeo withes of a vine as might still be wreathed,
e should be weaker than anyMatlier'nian. The
woman said no more then, but told this to ti.e
rulers of the Philistines, and hid certain of the
* This fonntain. called LfU, or the Jaw-hone. Is (till
la being, as traTelletsasanre na, and wnsknown hjr this
Tery name in the dsTs of Joaephiu, and haa.lieen Known
soldiers in ambusb within the bouse, and whan
he was disordered in drink, and asleep, the
bound him U fast is potiible with the withes,
and then, upon her awakening bini, she told
him some of^ the people were upon him; but
he broke the withes, and endeavored to de-
fend hinaself, as thouf^h some of the people were
upon him. Now this woman, in the constant
conversation Samson had with her, pretended
that she took it wtry ill that he had such little
confidence in her adectionsto him, that he would
not tell bar what she desired, as if she would
not conceal what she knew it was for his interest
to have concealtd. However, he deluded her
again, and told her, thai if they bound him with
seven cords, he should lose his strength. And
when, upon doing this, she rained nothing, he
told her the third t
woven into a web
the truth w<s noti
upon DelilaVs/ _
into some aflHui^S]
and told h^-?««««-
that he
thence it is tkkt'
-brttw
that his hair shouTd be
'even npon doing this,
d. Atlength Samson,
he was doomed to fall
desirous to please h«r,
I took care of him.and
his providence, and that
,. 'my hair to grow, God
luving charged 'nie never to poll my head, and
thence m^ ttrengtb it according to the increase
and continuance of my hair." When she had
Jeamed thus m^ch, and had deprived him of hi*
hair, she delivered him up to hit enemies, when
he was not ttrong enough to defend himielf from
their attempts upon him; so they put out his
eyes, and bound him, and had him led about
among them.
12. But in process of time Samson's hair grew
again. And there Was a public festival among
the Philistines, when the rulers, and those of the
most eminent character, were feasting together;
(now the room wherein they were, had its roof
supported by (wo pillars;) so they tent for Sam-
son, and be was brought to their feast, that they
might insult him in tneir cups. Hereupon be,
thinking it one of the greatest misfortunes, if he
should not be able to revt-oge liiniself when he
wss thus insulted, persuadeif the boy that led
him by the hand, that be was weary and wanted
to rest himself, and desired that he would bring
him near the pillars; and at soort as he came
to tliem, he rushed with force against them, and
overthrew the house, by overthrowing its pillar*,
with the three thousand men in it, who were all
sidin, and Snmson with thebi. And such was the
end of tliia man, when he had ruled over the Itrael-
itei twenty years. And indeed this man desenrei
to be admired for his courage and strength, and
magnanimity at hit death, and that his vnth
uf^Bintt his enemies went so far at to die himself
with them. But as for his being ensnared by a
woman, that is to be ascribet* to human nature,
which is tno weak to resist the temptations to
tliat tin; but we ought to bear him witness, that
in all other re spo'ts he was one of extraordinary
virtue. _ But his kindred took away his body, and
buried it in Saras.it, bis own country, with the
rtst of his family.
CHAP. IX.
How under EU'$ Govemnunt of Ihe liraihte*
Hoot married Rn!H,from wAam come Ohed.
the Gmnd/ather of David.
} 1. Now after the death of Samion, Eli the
rroor of the Israelites. Un- -
high uricst was eov
der htm when trie
anme name In all the past aica. bet Antiq. _.
I. eh. zU. sect. 4. , |
fimine, Rlimelerh of Bethlehem, whinh it a city
of the tribe of Judah, beiu^ not able to support
t See thisluslTy observed in the ApeetoHcal Oontli-
tiitlonii, B. vil ch. zxxtH. tt at Hamnia'a piayer ma
heard Imt that (t was before thl» hit trai m ttsalan.
Jt'--
:#
BOOK V>-CHAP. X.
bouM, and whtn
■ild ••l«c|>, ahe
with the wilhci,
ii|^ him, ihe told
e upon him; but
idaarorcd la dc-
'tha pcopio wcra
, in the conitant
I her, pretended
a had luch little
ni, that he would
, a* if ibe wouM
M for hia intereat
he deluded her
r bound him with
a ttrength. And
ined nolhinr, ha
I hair ahouTd be
■pon doing thia,
^tlen^hSamlon,
aa doomed to Tall
us to pleaae h«r,
care of him.and
idence, and that
ir to grow, Uod
oil my head, and
ir to the increaae
When ihe bad
irired bim of hb
la «oemiea, when
fend himself froin
hey put out hia
nim led about
naon's hair grew
c featival among
, and thoaa of the
eaating together;
ire, had ita roof
ey sent for Sam-
ir feast, that they
Hereupon be,
lisfortunes, if he
himself when he
le boy that led .
eary and wanted
> he would bring
looit aa he came
^inst them, and
iwing ita pillar*,
it, who were all
Ind aach waa the
i over the larael-
hia man daaenre*
id atrength, and
I that hia wrath
aa to die himself
ig ensnared by a
o human natiire,
; temptations to
im witness, that
of extraordinary
ay hia body, and
nntry, with the
fihe AraahfM
Utm com* Obtd.
Samion, Eli thn
laraelitea. Un- -
afflicted with a
, whinb ia a city
able to support
poMoHcal OoBslt-
roa'a piayar WM
Iran
Ml family under ao aora a distreaa, took with him I and perceived a nuqiait lying by him. he
■f ^aorni hi. wif*. and the children that werf born who ahc wnsj and wh.n Jia told him her
to hiui by her, Chilion and Mahlon, and removed ' ■ • •
hia habitation into tli« land of Moali; and upon
the happy prosper'rir of hia alTaira there, he tor)k
for hia aons vim* of the Moal^itea, Orpah furCtii-
lion, and liuth for Mnliltin. But in tlte compass
of ten yeara, both Klinielrch, and a little while
after him, the sons, ditd: and Naomi, being very
uneany at thfse nccjdAia, and not able to bear
her loneaome condition, now ihoao that were
deaiaal to her were (lea<l, on whose accoiipt it
waa that ahe had gone a\vay from hrr own coun-
try, ahe returned to It igain, for ahe had been
mformed it waa now in a flonribhing condition.
However, hrr daughtera-in-laiv Were not able to
think of parting with her, and wlun liny had a
mind Co go out of the country with her, ahe could
■ot diaauade them from it; but when they insitt-
ed upon it, ahe wished them a more happy wed-
lock than thi.y had Imd witli her sons, and that
they might have prosperity in other respects. alto;
and seeing her otvn aUiiirs wero so low, she c»-
horted them to stay whcru they were, and not
to think Of leaving theipown country, and par-
taking with her or tlmt unctrtainty under which
aha muai return. AccordinKly, Orpah ataycd
behind, but ahe took Rath along witli her, as not
t« be persuaded to stay behind her, but would
take her fortune with her, whatsoever it should
pto+e.
3.; When Ruth was come with her mother-in-
law ift Bethlehem, Booi, who Was near of kin to
Elimelech. entertained her: and when Naomi
was/so called by her fellow-citizens, according
to her true naiue, »hie said, " You might more
truly call me Mara." Now Niiomi aignifiea in
tha Hebrew tongue, ' happiness,' and Mara, • sor-
row.' It was now reaping time; and Ruth, by
tha leave of her mother-in-law, went out to glean,
that they might get a stock of corn for their
food. Now ithappened that ahe Came into Boox'a
6eld; and after some time Boox came thither,
aad when he auw the dnmaci, he impiired of hia
servant that was set over the reapers concerning
the girl. The servant had a little bt fore inquir-
ed about all her circumstances, and told them to
hia maater; who kindly embraced her, both on
account of her atfection (o her motlier-in-law,
and her remembtnnce of that son of hers, to
•rhom abc had been married, and wished that
she might experience a prosperous condition;
»o he desired her not to glean, but to reap what
ahe waa able, and gave her leave to carry it
home. He also gave it ip charge to that servant
who waa over the reapers, not to hinder her
when she took it aw-iy, ami bid him give her her
dinner, and make her drink, when he did the like
to ^e rcapf'.m. Now what corn Ruth received
of him she kept for her mother-in-law, and came
to her in the cvcninc, and brought the eara of
corn with her; and Naomi had kept for her a
115
asked
, , . , ■ , . .... — her name,
and di:i.ired, tliiit he whom she owned for har
lord, Wiuld excuse her; hn then said no more,
but in the morning before the servanU began to
set about their w.irk, he awaked her. and bid
her take na much bariey as the was able to carry,
and go to her niother-in-lnw, before any body
there should tee that ahe had lain down by him,
because it was but prudent to nvoid any reproai.ii
that might arise on that account, r.s|>ei'ially when
there had b«^cn iiotliiiig done that wns ill. But
as to the iimin |>oiiit elie aimed at, the matter
should rest here, " He that is nearer of kin than
I am, ahall be asked whether he wants to tnke
thee to wile; if he tays he docs; thou shalt follow
hiin; but if he refute i(, I will marry thee a<-.
cordiiiir to the law." ,,
4. When ahe had informed her mothrr-iii-law
of this, they were very glad of it, out of the -
hope they hod that Boot would make provision
for them. Sow, about noon, Boox went <lown
into the city, and gathered the senate together,
and when he had sent ft. r Ruth, he rjillcd (or her '
kiniiiiiiu al«i; and when he was come, he said,
" Dost not thou retain the inheritance of F.lime-
lech and his son»7" He cuufessed that be did
retain it, and that lie did as he was permitted to
do by the hiws, because he wns their nearest
kiiitmiin. Then snid Booz, •• Thou must not re-
member the laws by halves, but do every thing
according to them; for the wife of Mahlon m
come hither. Whom. thou must marry, according
to the lawa, in case thou wilt retain their fidds."
So the man yielded up both the field and Ihe
wife to Boox, who was himself of kin to those
that were dead, as alleging that he had uiife
already, and children also; ao Boox calle^the
senate to witness, and bid (he woman to loose
his shoe, and spit in his face, according to the
law; and when this was done, Boox married
Ruth, and they had a son within a year's time.
Naomi was herself a nurse to thia child; and
by the advice of the Women called hinr • Qbed,'
as being to be brought up' in order to be aubser-
vient to her in her old age, for Obcd, in the He-
brew dialect, aignifies $ servant. The son of
Obed was Jesse, and David was his son, who waa
king, nnd left his doniinions to his aons for one-
aud-lwenty generationv. I was therefore obli-
ged to relate this history of Ruth, because I had
a mind to deiiioustnite 'the power of tJod, who,
without diflicultr, can raise ttiose that are of
ordinary parentage to dignity and splendor, to
which he advanced UaviJ, (hough he were born
of such mean parents. ' ■■' .
part of such food as her neighbors had tilenti-
fully bestowed upon her. RiUh also tokl her
molherin-law what Boox had Jaid to her: and
when the other had infirmed ler that he was
■ear of kin to them, and perha; la waa so pious a
man as- to make some provision for them, she
went out again oh the days folldwing, to gather
.the gleanings with Booi'a maid-a ervanta.
g|3. It was not many daya befon Booz, after the
^irley was winnowed, slept in hit threahing-Hoor.
When Naomi waa informed of thia circumatance,
«he contrived it ao that Riitb shoild lie down by
himVifor ahe thought it might be^r their advan-
tage, that he ahoiild diacourse with the girl. Ac-
cordingly, ahe sent the dams< I to aleep at hia
feet, who went ,af ilie bade her, for she did not
think it consistent with her duty to contradict
Miycommandof her niother-in-law. Ami at first
CHAP. X.
Conecmtnr ihe Birth of Samuel; and how he
foretold the Calamity that befell the Hotu of Eli.
i I. And, now upon thb ill slate of Ihe afliiira
of the Hebrews, they made war again upon the
Philistines. The occasion was this; Kli the high
priest had tw^ sons, Hophni and Phineas. These
sons of Eli were guilty of injustice towards men
and of impiety towards (Toil, nnd abstained
from no sort of wickedness. Some of their giftit
tliey carrieil ofl; as belonging to the honornble
cmplovinent they hiid, others of , them they look ■
nwa^ bv^violcnce. Thev also were guilty of iin-
purity with the Women that came to worship G d,
[at the tabernacle,] obliging aoiiie to submit to
tlieirlust by force, and enticing others by bribes;
nay, the whole course of their life waa no better
than tyranny. Their father tlierefore was angrr
nt them for such their wickedness, and expected
that God would suddenly indict his punishoients
U|Kin them for what tliey had done. The miilti-
tude took it heimuiHly alio. And i
■« y commanaoi ner nioiner-iniaw. Ami at nrt t tuJe took it heimuiHly alio. A nd as soon asXiod
•■e lay concealed from Boox, aa he waa fast had foretold what cnlamity would beft II Eli'a
■aleep; but when he awaked about midnight, aoai, which be did both to Eli himael/, and to
« • .. «.. . . L-, ■• -
jt'-
:-^-
116
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JKWS.
Samaitl tlia prophet, who wim y«t but » chilJ, he
openly ihowtd hit iorrow Tor hit loqi' dcatruc-'
«p«ii
tToo.
i. f If ill firti deipiitch whut I hiirr to mv nbout
the proDhet Samu< I, nnd Rfier thnt will uroceed
to •peak of the «ons of Kll, and ^he niiKriei
they brotich^ on the whole peopl{ of Ihe He'
^tt^t. KIcaniih, a I,eyiie, one of n middle con-
dition anionj; hit fi-llow-cilixent, and ;one that
dwrit at Ramntbnim, a city of the tribe of
Ephraim, intrried two wivei, Hannnh and Pe.
ninnah. He had children by the latter, but he
loved the other htst, iiltlioajrfi the were barren.
Now ICjcanah came with hit wivci to thi. city
Shiloh to iiacri6re, for there it wai ttiit the tn-
bemacle of God wat fixeil, at we have foniierly
talil. Now when, nftcr he had lacrifired, he
ilmtributed at that f< itivul portions of the «c»h
to hit wives and children, and when Hannah taw
the other wife't children sitting round about
Iheir mother, the fell into tears, and lamented
faertelf on account of her barreimett and lotie-
tomenett; and inflcring her grief to prevail over
her hutbnnd'i contolationt to Iter, she went to
the tabernacle' to beivrch (Jod to give her teed,
and to make her a mother; and to tow to Coni>e-
erate the firot ton the should bear to the service
of Ood, anJ thii in tuch a way, that his manner
of hving should not be like thatof onlinnry men.
And at the continued at her prayers a long time,
Eli, the high priest, for he tat there before the
tabernacle, bid her go away, thinking she had
been ditordered with wine; but when ihc tnid
the had drank water, but was in sorrow for want
of children, and was beseeching Uod for thein,
he bid her be of good cheer, and told that God
would tend her children.
3. So she came to her hasband, full of hope,
annate her nieal with gladness; and ^hen tliey
had returned to their own country, she found
herself with child, and thev had a son born to
them, to whom they gave the name of .Samuel,
which may be styled one that wat lutrrf of God.
The)r therefore came to the tabernacle to offer
tacrifice for the birth of the child, and brought
their tithet with them; but the woman remem-
bered the TOW the had made concerning her son,
ud delivered him to Eli, dedicating him to God,
that he might become a prophet. Accordingly
his hair TtDt suffered to grow long, end his drink
was water. So Samuel' dwelt and was brought
up in the temple. But KIcanah had otiier sons
by Hannah, and three daughters.
4- Now, when Samuel tvas twelve years old he
began to prophesy : and when he was once a:de<'p,
God called to him by hit name, but he, supposing
he had been called by the high priest, c«mc to
him: but when the priest said he did not call him
God did to thrice. K\i yita then to far illumina-
ted, that he taid to liiiti, " Indeed, Samuel, I wns
silent now at well at before; it is God that calls
thee: do thou therefore signify it to him, and
iay, I am here ready." So when he heard God
speak again, he desired him to speak, and to de-
liver what oracles he pleased tohiin, for he would
not fail to perforin any ministration whatsoever
he should make use of him in; towhichLcod-»«». ,.
plied, " Since thou art here reaSv^ learn what
' miteriet are coming ujjon the Israelites, such in-
deed at H^ords cannot drclart;, nor faith believe:
for the tout of I'li shall die on one day, and the
priesthood shall be transferred into the family of
Eleazar.for Eli haOi loved bit sons more than be
Bath loved' niy worship, and to liich a degree at
it not k>T their adTiintage.V Which mrssage Eli
obliged the prophet by oath to tell him, for other-
Wlte he bad no inclination to afflict him by tell-
ing it. And now Eli had a far more sure e.\-
* Atthou^h there li«d been a feworraatonat prophcta
before, yet was this gjmiiel the drat of g ■•onstnnt nic
pectation of the perdition of hit tons; but iK*
glory of Samuel incrrasttd more and mora, if
heiitg fbumi by experience that whulsocver he
prophesied cawe to pass accordingly.*
CHAP. XI.
*■«'<*• '■* diehred what btfttt Ihi Sons nf Kli,
'r.^r*'*' '"i '*• Ptophj uid how Kli himulf
dud mt((ra%. ■'
{ 1. About this time itwat that the Philistines
made war against the Israelites, and pitched their
camp at the city Aphek. Now when the Israel-
itet had expecte.l them a little while, the »erT
next d*y they joined battle, and the Philistines
were conrtuerors, nnd tlcw above four thousand
ofthe Hebieivs, and pursued tho rett of the mul-
titude to their camp.
2. So the Hebrews, being afruid o( the worst,
aent to the seniKr nnd to the high priest, and de-
tired that they would bring the' ark of Ood, that
by putting themselvet in array, when it was pre-
sent »vith thrni, they might be too hnril for their
eneinioj, ss not relfcctiiig thnt he who had cnn-
denned them to endure these calamities was
Ef^'t'than the ark, and for whose sake it wat
that, this nrk came to be honored. So the ark
cam* and the sons of the high priest with it,
liaviiL' reifllvcd a charge from their falhfr, that
If tWey pnlemled to survive the taking of tin
nrk,/th«y should come no more into hit presence:
hir Phinens oftieintcd alreadv as high priest, hi.
rather having rf^signed Ihc office to liim, by re.i-
son of his great ape. So the Hebrews were full
ofcouragp, a« supnosmg that by the C0iniiig.of
the ark they should be too hard for their ene-
mies: Iheir enpmics also were greatly concern-
ed, and were afraid of the ark's coming to the
Israelites; however, the upshot did not prove
agrcenble to the expectations of both sides, but
when the battle wat joined, that victory which
the Hebrews expected, was gained by the Phi-
listines, and that defeat the Philistines were
afraid of, fell to the lot of the Israelites, and
thereby they found that they put their trust in
the ark in vain, for they were presentlv beaten
as soon as tliev came to a dote light with their
enemies, nnd losf aboiit thirty thoutaiid men
among whom were the tons of the high priest'
but the nrk was tarried away by the enemies
3. When the news of this defeat came to Shi-
loh, with that of the captivity of the ark, (for a
certain young man, a Benjoihite, who wat in lh«
action, came as a messcna6r thither,) the whole
city was -full of lamenlfltfons. And Eli the high
priest, who sat upon a high throne at one of the
gates, heard their mournful cries, atid supposed
that tonic strange thing had befniletf hit ftmily:
to he srot for the young man, and *hcn he un-
derstood what had happened in the battle, he was
not much unea8y,as to his sons, or what wns told
him withal nbout the army, as having beforehand
known by diviiie revelation that these U.ings
would happen,and having himself declurtd tl,en,
belorchand, for when sail things come uaexpect-
edly they distrett men the must; but i.t soon as
-tbe-wfe wa t earned captiw by their enemies, he
was very much grieved at it, because it fell out
cjuile differently from what he expected; so be
jell down from his throne, and died, havinj in all
lived ninety-eight years, and of them retained
the government forty. .'
4. On the same day his ton Pbinena'twife died
also, at not able to turvivc the misfortune of her
husband ; for they told her of-her husbandtdeath
at she wat in labor. However, the bare a ton
at seven months, who lived, and to whom they
gave the name of • IcabOd,' which name tignifiet
phctt, fh>m Bamual, and those tlmt follow after, M ma*
ny US ligve HpoKcn, hnve Mirwlw foretold at Him.
I
ieirtonofu.opl.«uilnlheJewltllna»iOh,«stslmpliedinldiys.""'H^^
Sr».i«. whMi* i... Ill o7 .VwT ' 1 .. r ™- nay"- "eeaiso Acit xm. iNljllie othera were rati
^ ^ • "Y«a,«na »U die pro- tometimea called rix*«WM«„i,,M,u.i"4rilU.l^
i* ion*; but iK*
re unci mora, if
I whuliocver he
iigljr.»
fA« Sotu <\f Kli.
low Kli himulf
It th« I'ljil'mlinfii
nd pitched (heir
vheii the Israel-
while, the »<try
I the Phili«trne»
i four Ihnutand
rcttoftliemuU
Id o( the worst,
I nrtfeit, and de-
rk of Ood, that
htu i( was pre-
o hnril for tncir
e ivlio had cnn-
calamities was
nse sake it was
d. So the ark,
priest with it,
leir fath(;r, that
taking of tin
o his [iresence;
high priest, hi.
to him, \ty re»-
ijrews were full
the coinin|:.uf
for their ene-
reatly coiicem-
roimng to the
<lid not prove
both sides, but
victory which
■(]}>}• the Vhi-
bilistincs v.-ere
Israelites, aud
their trust in
rcsentl^ beaten
eht with their
bousaiid men,
e hig^h priest:
lie eileiiiics.
It came to Shi-
Ihe ark, (for a
rho was in ihet
er,) the whole
d Eli the hifth
at ope I
he high
, ; of the
and suuposcd
Ictf his family:
when he un-
battle,hewas
what wns told
ng beforehand
these tiiinf^s
Jerlurrd tlieiii
inie uaexpect-
Jut i.s Boon a«
ir enemies, he
use it fe'.l out
M-oted ; sn be
,haviii;iii all
hem rLtaiiied
las's-wife died
brtuni: of her
sbanil'sjdeath
e bare a son,
whom they
«auie sigiiifiea
w after, di ma*
ret o ld » f ( i um i
BOOR V,-CHAP. XI.
117
• di«Knc«,' wid this b«cauM tba araiy receiTcd a
^terrace at this nine.
5. Now Eli was the flrst of the family of Itha-
nar, th« other son o( Aaron, (hat had (ha ffO'
vamment, for the family of Kleuiar ofliciated as
high priest at first, th« sou still receiving tliat ho-
nor <roin tha father which £lcBiar btijueathed
to his son Phineai; after whom Abiocrhistua
took the honor, end delivered it to his son,
whose name was Mukki, from whom his son Oii
receivnd it; after whom Kll, of whom we haT*
been »|)eaking, Imd the priesthood, and so bad
his posterity until the time of .Solomon's ryrili
but then the posterity of Kleaxar ra-asiumMlit.
BOOK VL
CONTAINING THE INTEBVAL OP THIRTY TWO YEABA-PROM THE DEATH OP BU TO TBS
DEATH OP BAUL.
CHAP, t
TktDtilrueiion that came Mpon Ihe Philistiius,
and upon their Land, by the Wrath of (iod, on
mecotmt of their having carried Ihe Ark aitay
captive ; and after what manner they tent it back
tqihi Heirem.
\ 1. When the Philistines had taken the ark
of the Hebrews captive, as I said a little before,
they carried it to the city Ashdod, and put it by
their own god who was culled Dagon,* asoiie of
their sjioils; but when they went into his temple,.
the next uiorniog, to worship their go J, they
found him paying the same, worship to the ark'';
for he liiy aloiiR, as having fallen dowu from the
basis whereon he had stood. $o they took him
upland set him ojf his busis a|;uin, and' were
much troubled at what bad happened; and as
thev frequently came to Dagon, and found him
still Iving along, in a posture of adoration to the
ark, they were in very great distress and cohfu-
•ion. At length God sent a very destructive dis-
ease npon the city and country of Ashdod, for
they died of the dysentery or flux, a sjrc distem-
mr, that brought death upon them v«iy sudden-
ly; for before the soiil could, as usual' in easy
deaths.be well loosed frouthe body, they brougli(
up their entrails, and vomited up what they Jiad
eaten, which was entirely cdrrupted by the dls-
ease. And as to the /ruits of tlicir country,- a
great multitude of mice arose out of the ciir(6,
and hurt them, and spared neither tlio plants nor
the fruits. Now while the people of Ashdod were
under these misfortunes, aud were not able to
support themselves under their calaniities, tliey
perceived that they sufl'cfed thus because of the
ark, and that the victory they bad gotten, and
their having Uken tb; ark caulive, had not hap-
pened for their good; they therefore sent to the'
people of Askelon, and desired that they would
receive the ark among them. This desire of the
people of Ashdod was hot disagrrenble to those
of Askelon, so they grunted them that favor.
But when they had gotten^he ark, they were in
the same miserable condition, for the ark carried
along with it the disasters that the people of
Ashdod had sutfered, to those who received it
from them. Those of Askelon also sent it away
from themselves to others: no^ did it stay among
those others neithert for since tbey were pursued
by the same disasters, they still sent it to the
neighboring cities; so that the ark went round,
after this manner, to the five cities of the Philis-
tines, u though it exacted these disasters as a
tribute to be paid it for its coming among them.
2. Wben those that had experienced these mi-
seiies were tired out with them, and when those
* Dagm, a famous mnritime |tod or Hot, is ijenerally
Boppoaed to. have hcan like a sua aliove tlie navel, and
like a frk beneath it
t Bpanbelm. informs us here, that upon Ihe coins of
TenedoM, and those of other cities, a /sM -*■»>• Is en-
K.veh, tofether with ApoJIo Smintkeur, o> Jlpollo, the
ver away of field met, on ncrount of bis t«ing sup-
posed to have freed rertain tracts of ground fromthom
i n l ee: w h i ch coi n s s h o w liuw i ie nt a JuUgmant such
nice have sometimes been, aha how Ihe deliverance
that heard them wer« taught thetmby not toau-
mil the ark among thtiii, since they paid so dear
a tributu for it, a( leiiarth thry sought for some
contrivance and method how they niight get free
from it: so the governors of the five cjties,Uath,
and ICkron, and Askelon, as also of Uaia and
Ashdod, met together, and coiis<<!ered what was
fit to be done; and at the first they tboueht pro'
per to scnil the ark back to its own people, ataU
lowing that Goil had avenged i^ cause; that the
miseries thry hud undergone came along with it,
and that theie were sent on tlii'ir cities upon its
account, and together with il. However, there
weic those that said, tlicy should'not do so, nor
sutler themselves to bedelndcd, as ascribing the
cause of their miseries to it, because it could not
have such a |iower and force upon them ; for bad
God had such a regard to it, it would npt have
been delivered into the hands of men: so they
exhorted thtiii to be quiet, uud tu take patiently
what bad befallen them, and to suppose there
was no other cause of it but nature, whii'h at cer.
tain revolutiqns of time' produces such mutations'
in the bodies of men, in the earth, in | lants, anil
in. all things that grow out of tlie earth. Uut ll:i
Clounsel that prevailed over those al-i^ady «'.. -
scribed, was that of certain m'jn, who wtrr be-
lieved to have distinguished themselves in fur
iifcrtimes for their uhdeVstanding and prudence,
ilohd who, in their present circuinsUUces, seemed
above all the rest to speiik properly. Tliesc men
8aid„it was not right either to sena the ark away,
or to detain It,' but to dedicate live golden ima-
ges, one for eveijy city, as a thank-otUring.to
Q^d, on account of his having taken care of tlieir
preservation, and Itsving kept them iilive when
theihjivtswcjK likely to be taken away by sucl.
distiJnpers as thcr^ were not able tu bear up
agai%st. They also mould have them make five
golden mice. Tike to those that devoured and de-i
strpyed their country ,f to put them in a bag, and
lay them upun theurk; to make (htmanewcart
also for it, and tu yoke milch kine to it,) but 16
shut up their calves, and keep them from them, '
lest by following after them they should prove a
hindrance to their dainS, aiid that the danu
might return the faster out of a desire of those
calves; theh to drive these milch kine that car-
ried the ark, and leave it at a place where three
wa; s met, aiid to leave it to the kine to go alony
which of those ways they pleased, that in case
they went the way to the Hebrews, and ascend-
ed to their country, they should .suppose that the
ark wasjtbe cause of their misfortunes; but if
thev turned into another road, they said, " We
will pursue after it, and conclude it baa no lucli
force in it." .
power; which observations are highly soitable to this
history.
t This dcvire of the Philistines, of having a yoke of
kine to drawthiscan Into wliirli tliey put the ark of the
Helirpws, is Rrcntly illuBlrntcd liy Santhoniatho's ac. .
rount. Under his ninth generation, that Agrouerui, or
Agrotesthe liuehHiidmnn, liail a niuch-worsjiipped sta.
tue and temple. fnrrii.d nlom hvoneor mnri. ynlmnfoi.
Hn
rs were raHier
«• IIU. 17.
en, or kine, in fhn^niria, in the neighliorhadd of lhi_
fw.n ih... _.. .!.•_ —ji'_*j .;:..;«• VV-j.Ti"-- PhUislines. SeeCumberlaiid'sSanchonlatho,n.t7,and
from them was then eiteimed the effect of • divbie !M7.and fiwiy on the Old Testament, Appeid. p! ItT
-, ^ (
118
9. So thff dalermiard that thc«a m«n ipake
welli and llwjr ininicdUtfljr coiidrnlMl (heir
opinion by doinf Mcordinglv. And whfn they
hud don« u hu bern ulrctdy deacribod, they
brourht th« c«rt to i pUcc whcrn three m»jt met,
«nd l*lt It there, end went th<-ir »«»•; hut the
kine went the right nnj, mid es if loma iMreoni
hul driven the|i, while the ruleriof the Philii-
iinet roilowed efter thrill, ae detiroui to know
where ibcy would lUiid itill, end to whom lliey
would go. Now there wuia cirtain villireof Ihe
tnba ofJudah, wboie ImiUR ivat • Ueththemeth,'
and to that viIIurb did the kihu fii; and though
there wai agreal aid good plain before them to
proceed in, tliev weiit no farther, but itoppad the
ieart there. TJiia w4i a licht to thoie of that
village, and they wer^ rery glad ; for it being then
: *aninier tiiiie.nnd al the inhabitant) being then
in their fiehln gBlhering in their fruiti, they left
on the labbra of their hand* lor W, ai noon aa
they Mw the ark, and ran to the cart; and taking
the ark down, and the reucl that had the iiiinj^ia
in II, niid the mice, they tet them upon a certain
rock which was in tho plain; and when they had
","*''''l,'» •?'•>'<*'•' «acrifice to God, and feanted,
they oflered (he cart and the kine aa n burnt-of-
ferug; and when the brdi of the Philistines saw
this, they returned back.
4. And now it was that the wrath of God orer-
tooh them, and struck sev'enty peisons dead of
ANTIQIJITIES OF THE JEWS.
the village of Uetlishemcsh,* who, not being
priests, and to noj worthy to touch iIm ark. had
•pproached to it. Those of that village weptfor
Ihes* that thus suffered, and made such a lamen-
tation as was naturally to be expected on so
g»«at a liiisfortune that was sent from God, and
**."' l"" """"■"*'• for his own relation. And
amce thev acknowledged themselves an#orthy
. of the ark's abode with theiu, they s«nt to the
•^^.public senate of the Israelilis. and informed
them that the ark Was restiircd by the Philis-
tinesj Which when thev knew, the/ brought it
owar to Kiriathjearinr, a titr in *he neighbor-
liood ot Bethsheniesh. In this city lived one
>Abinadab>,' by birth a Levite, and who was
greatly coiumeniled for his righteous and reli-
pons course of life; so they brought the ark to
bia bouse, as to a' place fit for God himself to
Uide in, since therein did abide ariprhteousman.
HIasons also ministered to the divine service of
the ark, and were the principal curators of it for
■^«"'y 7«""i for so many years it Continued in
5''3.*l.'J*"r'"'' •""'■ng be<;n but lour months with
thcr Philistines.
CHAP. 11.
Tlt'fm^iliono/ihePhilUHnetagainttthtHt-
: , i,l>tiwi,and HaHtbrtv!*' Victoryjundtr tht Con-
duct of Samuel the Prophet, u)ho ua* their
.GtneraL
i 1 . Now while the city of Kirjathjearim had the
ark with them, the whole body of the people be-
toolc themselves all the time to offer prayers iind
sacrifices to God, and appeared greatly concern-
ed find lealous about his wojabjof So Samuel
the prpfihet seeing how rttilythey were to do
" their duty, thought this a proper time to speak to
them, while they were in this good disposition,
•bout the recovery of their liberty, and of the
blessings 4hat accompanied the tame. Accord-
. inglyinefced such words to them as he thought
were most likely to e»cite that inclination, and
to persuade them to attempt it: "O you Israel-
ites," said he, "to whom the Philistines are still
gjierous eneiuies, but lowborn God begins to be
• These 70 men, belns not so much as Levitcs, louf-h-
ed tnearkln a rash or profane nianner.niid were slain
bjr the hand of God for such their raslincsa and profane-
»*-i. aecor Jin« In tlm Hl»in« fi.>»n».»i— w.-nfc^ j
' gracious, it beheres you not only to ha dealr-
oils of liberty, but to take Ihe proper mcthoda to
obtain It. Nor are you to be ccintrnted with an
inclination to get clear of your lords andjiiastrrs,
while you still do what will priicurn yourContin-
uanin under them: be righteous tiicn, and cut
wickedness out of your suuls, and by your wor-
ship supplicate the divine mnj< >ty with all youi
hearts, and persevere in tlu> honor you pay to
him? for if yo<i act thus, you will enjoy prosiicr-
ity: you will be freed from your slavery, and
will pet the victory over your enemies; whinh
blessings it is not possible you should attain
neither by weapons of war, nor by the strength
of your bodies, nor by tho multitude of your aa
•istants; for OotI has not promised to grant
these 4)lessinga by those means, but by being
foml and riKbteous men; and if you willbnsuch,
will be security to you for the perfontinnce of
God s promises." When Suiiiuel had said thus,
the multitude applauded his discourse, and were
plc-ised with his eihortatiou to tltfm, and gave
iheirconsent to resign themselves np to do what
was pleasing to God. So .<<aiiiuel gathered them
together to a certain city named Miipeh, which
signifies in the Hebrew toii;tue, a ' watch tower;'
there they drew water and pourod it t ut to Q id,
and fasted alldiiy,and betook themselves to their
prayers.
2. This their assembly did not escape the no-
tice of the Philistines: so when they had learned
that to large a company had met together, they
fell upon, the Hebrews with a great army and
mighty forces, as hoping to assault them when
tliey did not expect it, nor were prepared for it.
This thing affrighted the Hebrews, and putthem
into disorder anil terror; so they ramerumi:.i'>'to
Samuel, and said, "that their souls were sunk
by their fears, and by the former defeat they had
received, and that thence it was lhnt we lay still,
lest we shouldexcite the power of our enemies
against us. Now while thou I ast» brought im
hither to offer up our prayera and sacrifices, and
take oaths, [to be oljcdient.] our enemies 4re
"""'"6 an expedition agniiist us, while we are
nak«d and unarmed; wherefore we have no
other hone of rielircraiire but that by thy means,
and by the assistance God shall aflotd us upon
thy pnycrs to him, we shall obtain deliyerance
from the Philistines." Hereupog Samuel bid
them be of good cheer, and promised them that
God would assist them; and taking > sacking
lamb, he sacrificed it for the multitude, and be-
sought God to hold his protecting hand over
theiu when they should fight with the Philistines,
and not to overlook them, nor suffer them to
come under a second misfortune. Accordingly,
God hearkened to his prayers, and accepting
their sacrifice with a gracious intention, and such
as was disposed to assist them, he granted them
victory and power over their enemies. Now
while the altar had the sacrifice of God upon it,
and had not yet consumed it wholly by its sacred
fire, the enemy's army marched out of their
camp, and was put in order of battle, and thia in
lioipe that they should be conquerors, since the
Jcwst were caught in distressed circnmstancei,
as neither having their weapons with them, nor
being assembled there in order \o fight. ,Buf
things so fell out, that they would budly haW
been credited though they had been foietold by
any body; for in the first place, God disturbed
the enemies with an earthquake, and moved the
ground under them to such a degree, that he
caused It to tremble, and made them to shake, in-
somuch that, by its trendiling.he made some un-
?Tbifi<itliefirBtplane,i<ofarasl>ememher,intBesa
A"tk|" ties, where Josephua twyinstOcsir " "
(•
ecordlngtot h e d iv i n e thre aW nlnff,Wimfcl r .U JreTC hs.?.. hi.j'^!;''''' ?!y"'!J°'*'^ » l »n a thm
SfthithowourolhercopleaeometoaddsuehanlBcredl-l«Y«niremVith?r*y^
bl. number M S^tWOin this one town.or small eity. 1 1 ^i^m^"^l^iXi^''''-
Thaaacond
BOOK VL— CHAP. in.
110
•f f
. ii'iilr (u Kfi'p th<!ir frrt, nml lAoilc tliriii full iliiwn ;
uiul by iip<iiiin|f i« rliatiii*, Itc I'liiuril lliHt »lb<'rfi
nhonlil Iw liiirrifd down inlii lliiiii; nlor wliirh
hr rniiM-d lurli a ii(ii«' rtf thiniili-r In riinio miionK
(hrni, luiil iiiailr Airy lifchliiiii;; <liiiii' p>ii ti'irilll)
roiinil ahixit thciii, Innt il nii* rnidy lu hum tlitir
iui'iii; Mill hr io audilfilly hluiok tliiir win|i<')nii
nut ii( tlirir liAiidn, llinl hr ikihIi'iIkiii fly Hiid rr-
(iifn hiMiin nnliML So Saiimil with Ihit ii'iidliiiidi'
|iiir»ii<d Ihrni to Il4'lhr»r, » pliiii- no rullcil; uiid
(liiTr tw M-t iijx II iliMK' n« H hoiimhiry 61' Ihrir
vtcliin, iiad t)i' ir mriiiio' llij;hl, iiiid I'nllrd it
(h<^ '.'^tnilr n( Vawvr,' In n iiixiiiil uf thai power
*io({ hiid Kivrn ihnii ii;;Hiniit thoir i iiiiiiica.
3. Sii thr riiiliKtinrK, at'lcr Ihin ulrukf, made
no niut'ii PX|«!ililiuii( ajiaiiiiit Ihr iKrarlilrK. but
tuv Mill nut III' Ivar, niiil '^iit uf rniiviiihraiii'i! <il'
u hilt hull iN-fidlio <h<ni; nad ivhut iiMirnci- 1h<;
V'hi'iiiiliiK'i*. hiid I'liriiK'riy n^aiurt lh« llrnrfwii,
ihpt, iiftir thit vklorv. was trnn«ri'rrt'd lo the
t.th'hri.'wii. ^amufl nltu iliad« nil cxp<:dition
ajiniiut Ihf I'hiliitinm. and ilrW iiiuiiy of thrlii,
uiid riitiri'ly huiillilid thrir |iriiiid hriirtu, and
(oiik Iriiiir thrill that roiintry, whii-b, wbrn thry
wtrii foriiirrly CQn(|Urrori iiiliattle, they had rul
»A' from the J rwii, wiiinh wai thr country that
> axtrndcd from thr hordlra of (ijith to the city
Jl'^kriiii; but thr rrniaiiia uf thr Cnilnanjtra wrre
jpt thia tinie iu /rirodabip with tht: lanictitca.
CHAP. III.
Mom fiMMiul, in/icn he icai (o infirm with old Age,
that he could not lake care of the Public Affaire,
intrutteil them to hit Soiu; and how, ii;idn the
ttilJldminiatrationofthe Oovemment by them,
the Mullilude mere lo an/fry, that they required
to have a King to govern thtm,although ISamuel
KOI much diipltaeed thereat.
} 1. UurSamuel thr prophet, nhen )i<: had or-
dered the afletm of the prnplc after a coiivrniriit
manner, and had appointed a clly fur every ilih-
. trict pf them^ hr coniinandrd th'riii to roiiir to
filich cities, tu liavfl the rimtrovrr^irs that (hry
had onr with anethcrdeterniincd in them, he hiin-
<elf going over tlione cities fwicc. a year, and
doini^ them juaticr; and by that inrauit hr kept
them in very p)Od order for a loiiif tiiiir.
3. But afterward he found hiniorlf upprrnsed
with old age, anil not able to do what he uurd to
do, (6 he committed the ^overnnuiit and thr
care of the multitude to hia sons; the ^Idri of
whom was called Joel, and the name of the
younger waa Abiah. He also enjoined them to
reside, and judge the pt^ople, the one at thr city
Bethel, ana the oilier at Keeraluiba, and divided
the (leople iiito dUtricta that should be under the
juriaiUction o'^ each of thriii. IVow these men af-
ford UH an evident example and drinonatratiun,.
how some children are not of the like disposi-
tions wKh their parents, but sonirtimea pcrlia|ia
, guild and moderate, thou|<;li bom of wicked pa-
rents, and sometimes showing themselves to be
wicked, though born of good parents; for tliese'
- tnen, turning aside from their father's good
courses, and taking a course that was contrary to
thrill, perverted justice for the filthy lucre of
gifts and bribes, and made their drtrrniinations
not according to truth, but according to briliery,
and turned aside to luxury, and a costly way of
living, so that, as in the first place they practised
what was contrary to the will of God, ao did they,
in the second place, what was contrary to the
will of thr prophet their father, who had taken a
great deal of 'carr, and made a very careful pro-
vision that the multitude should lie righteous.
3. Itiijt the people, u]>on these injuries offered
to thiir former cdnatitutiph and government by
•he prophet's sons, were very uneasy at their
actions, and rniiir running to thr pniphct, who
at h<- Hiis hii)i»r|f old already; laid too infirm
by tbiU u^p of Ilia tn uvrrare their ulliiira in Iha
iiiiiiiiiir hr iiti d In do, ,u (Id y lirgurd of hiiu, and
i,m
;lit to b«
riilrriilril him to n|iiiiHiit miiiir ptvuon li> be king
ovrrthim, nho iiiiKlit ndr ovir the mili.in and
iiiilh
avrngt lUrin of llir I'hiliUliiiri, Mlm iiiiuli
puiiianrd for their fiiriiirr opiirrmiaiia.' Them
words greatly alll'i-trd Suium I, on iii'ununt of bit
iuiiBle love of jusliri, and Ilia iKilnil (o kingly
guvernliieiit, fur lir wua \rry fiiinl i,f an arinto-
cnii'y, a> wliiit made llir iiiili llmt ii*i'd it of a
di\iiiu and hiippy diniioailioii: imri i>ii|<l hn ilh«r
think of raliiiK or kUipiHg, out i.f his I'lmurrb
and IpniirnI of mind at what IIh) Imil said, but
all thr nielli limg did hr rtiiitiiiiir a\vukr,aiid.r<l>
aolvrd iIkm' notiiiiia in liin iiiiml.
4. While hr wiK Ihiit ili«po»ri|, (Iml nimrnreii
to him, and romrurtrd him, miuii)., 'I'l'lint h*
oiight not to bo iiiirHsy at what llii'iniilliliiilr de-
sired, brcaiiar |t Waa not hi', lint Hiiiii>rlf whom
they so inaidrnlly deHpiaril, mid would not have
to be alolir thrir king; that thry had brrn con-
triving Ihrse things friini llio vi;ry iluy that they
came out of Kgyjit; thai, liowrvrr, in no long
time thry would anrrly rrntiit of what llicy diJ,
which rrprntancr yrt could nut niidii what wai
^hua dune fur futurity: ihat thry ivuuld lir sulTi-
cirntlv rilinkcd for tiirir contriiipt, and the un-
grateful ruiidiH't thry hud u«rd tuivarda iiir, and
towards thy prophetic uliice. So 1 ruiiiiiiand
thee to ordain tlieni such a one aa | shall name
beforehand to be their king, when thiiu hast first
described what mischirfs kingly guverHment
will br'ing upoii them, and opriiVy testify before
thrni unto what a grrat change of affairs they
are haating."
5. Wheti Samuel hdtl heard this, lie railed the
Jews rally in the morning, and confraard lo them
that he was to ordain (In in a king; but he aaid
that hr was firal tn describe to thriii what would
follow, what trealiiiriit they would receive fro'n^
Iheir kings, and with how many miscliiefa they
must struggle: "Kor know ye (said he) that in
thr lint place, thry will take your sons away
from you, and they will cimimaud some of them
lo be drivers of their chariots, and sonir to be
thrir horariiicn, and the gdarda of thrir body,^
and others of them to lie runners before them,
and captains of tkuusanda, oiid ciiptaina of hiut.-
drrda; thry will also make them their artificrria
makers of armor, and of chariots, and of inttru
nienta; thry will make tbeni their husbandmeu
also, and the curators of their own fields, and
the diggers of their own vineyards; nor will
there lie any thing which they will not do at their
commanda, as if thry were slaves bought with
liionry*. They will also apimint your daughter*
•to br confectioners, and couks, and bakers; and
tlieae will be obliged to db all aorta of work,
which women staves, that are in fear of itripet
arid tormeuta, submit to. Thry will, beaidea
thia, take aivay your possessions, and bestow
them upon their eunuchs, and the guards of their
bodies, niid will give the herds of your cattle to
their own servants; and to say briefly nil at once,
you, and hll that is jyiurt, will be servant* to your
king, and will become noway superior to his
slaves; and when yuu suflVir thus, you will there-
by be put in mind of what I now say. And when
you repent of what you have donr, you will be-
seech iiod to have mercy upon you, and to grant
you aijuick deliverance fro'iii your kinj:s; but he
will not accept your prayersj but will neglect
you, and permit you to sufler the punishuient
ydur rvil ciMlducI has.desrrvro."
6i But t1ie multitude n as still so foolish aa tu
be deaf to (hrse predictions of what would be-
fall them : and too peevish to sufler a determi-
nation which they had iujiidicioliair once made,
lie t a ken out of thrir mind , f o r ti i ev could flo t —
r
to be t a ken out of thetr mind , f o r tl i ev could flo t
Jbe turned from their purpose; nor Jid they re-
tard the wui'ds of Snnuiel, but peremptorily is*
tncn lived at lliecity Ramah, ami jni'ormed him
of tlie transgrrnsiooa of his sons; and said, "that
■'■'■/' . : -1.2. ■■ ^ ■■, . ■
■r
ISO
I
•i««l oh (htir rowlulion. ind «lawni)l him to or-
, tljiia IbMU ■ king iuiuimiiiitly. anti iiot lu IroubU
hin.Mir with for* of nrhal would iMnpeii hor*.
njlir; lor lliat it wit utcemrj Ihty ahoulil lm»*
with (hem uiir to (i(fht (h«ir balllr*. m,,! lu *,«„.,
f IMiii of Ihcir cnciiilci, anil (hat it wh» iioivay
ubauni, whin (hair iiiigMioM wf ra uiidir kiiir-
' ly covrrnuicnt, that th.y ahquld htra the MiiTa
(arm ol govarunianl alio. So when SaniucJ taw
that what ha had said had not <livfrt«l (h<!ni from
their purpote, but (hat they continued rctolulr.
«h.n ,1 1, fit, I will aand for you. a. .<lon a. I
•hall hava lakriiad from God Who it ia that b«
will (iva jrou for your kiuj."
CHAP. IV.
ThtApfointmtnl n/m King over Ik* I,ratliU$,
tvhoti JVain* uiaj Saiili and Ihit lu iht C'oaj.
•nandtfUod. '
} I. TUKHE waa one of the tribe of Reiija-
mm, a man of good fimilly, nud ofa virtuuu.
diipoaition; l^ia oania waa Kith. Ha had a ion
Hvouncman of comely counteiianre, and of ■
tall boily, but hit undcritandinir and hit mind
were preferable to what wat vitilda in hiui; thry
called him Saul. Now thii Kith had tome line
tbe-aiif t that were Wfndered out of (he pat-
jure wherein they fed, for he wai mori> de-
liehled with (heie tiiin with any other caltio he
™" i '.o "• ient out hit ton, and one t|!rvant
with him, to tearch for (he beattt; but when he
hMl gone ofer bit own tribe !« tearch after the
aitei, he went to other tribet, and when he
found them not there neither, he determined (o
go hit way home, leit he thnuld occation any
concern to hit father about himielf. Uut when
bit lerTtlit that followed him, told him, at they
were near (h« city of Ramali. (hH( there wat a
true proiihet m that city, knd advised him toco
to hira. for that by him they would know the up.
•hot pf the aHair of their assen, he replied, That
rf thej; thould go to him, they had iioiliinK to
rlTe him at a rewanl fr,rh\. ,r,%.^,.k„„.. i-./t.-
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JUW8.
j|f the pcrtAa, lie led him ia to tupMr
SI ..*'!I''"'' •".'" "'•! "'• ^"r» *>•"> (ounj which
wit bin
and aui _, ..„ _.„, „
ha had been (o aeek, and that the ifr.atrtt of
ha liail been (o teek, and that the (r.atrtt of
g<MMl Ihlogt were atiured (o him; ha rkiiliwl,
•hir, lam too inconudtrabla to hoiM for any
luth thill;;, and of a tribe luo imall (» havekinzt
made oii( of H, and of n fiimily imtller (haii m-
«eral oilier lainiliet; bu( thou irllci „„ thit in
je»(, ami UMkiit in« an object of laughter, wben
(boil d.«oiir.«tt with ma of grentcr ma|lrrtthau
what I tiaiid ill ,i«„d of." llowevar, the pro-
pbet let hmi i.i to (bo f.ait, and mad* bmr til
down, hiin and hi,. „rv«n( (bat followed him.
abo»e the oth.r khoIi (hat were invite,), which
were tiivinty m nnmiierit ami he gave order (o
(he tervant. to wt (ho ro^al |)or(ion befor. SaMl.
Hut when th „ of going lobcd w«.come.ta«
rttt n)i« u|i, ami ( v.ry one of tbtiii Went home,
but biiul .iiiytd with (ho prouli«(, ho and hit Mr-
vaut, mid tlvpt with him.
a. Uut at toon at it wut day, Samuel raited up
Saul out ol hit bed. and couduc(ed him home-
ward; and when lie wat out of the city, b« <1».
tired him to caute hit tervant to go before, bul
to ttay behind bimw If. for (hat holiad tomewbit
to tay to him, when nuboily elte wat preient.
A. xordingly, Sniil ten! away hi. ter»aut that
lollowtd him; then did the prophet lake a veaiel
ol oil, and jwured it upon llio bead of the vounK
man, and kuHed him, iiml wild. "He thou akiiiif
by tbu ordiiiiiiioii of «od.agaiu»( (he i'hiliKinet
uiid for avenging the Habrewt for what they
have tulTi'red by them; of thit thou ihult bare a
tigii, which 1 would have thee take notice of; at
soon at thou art departed hence, thou wilt find
Ihrec men upoii the road, going to worthjp Ood
at Ucthel, (be firti of whom thou wilt tee c-arry-
iiig three luavei of bread, the tecond carrvingu
Kid of tlli(<,rnula mnA 4Iia4I.:»I ...III i*-ll^ ^.i *>
^, i n" — """• '""^Z ""u iiuillllli; CO
fiTebim at a reward for hit prophecy, for their
'S»""J,'""n"'"'y,'»" •pent. The tervant nii,
•»ercd thathe bad ttill (U fourth part of a »he.
k«l, and he would preaeot him with that; for
they were miitaken out of ignorance, a^ not
knowing that the prophet received no auch re-
W8«l.» &o they went to him. and when they
were before the galea, they lit upon certain iiiai-
"•"•»" *«". foinR «o fetch water; and (hey
atked them which wat the prophet's hou.e'f They
thowed them which it wat; and bid them maki
haite before he aat ddwn to tupper. for he had
inTitedmBnyguettttoafeatt. and that he used
to tit downtefore thoie that were invi(e<l. JVow
ijamnel had OTithered many together to feail
with bim on this very account; for while he eve-
ry day prayed to God to tell him beforehaiid.
whom he won dumkc king, be had informed hiiii
Of thit man the day before, for that he would
•end biiwa cei^ain young man out of the tribe of
Benjamin, about tbit hour of th^ day; and he sat
on the top of the houie in expectation of that
time being come. And when the time wat com-
pleted, be came down and went to tupper: lo he
met with Saul and God discovered to bIm that
thii wat he who thould rule over tbem. Then
aaul went up to Samuel and mluted him, and de-
sired him to inform him which was the prophet'.
house? forjietaidhe watattranger.and d d not
known. When Samuel had told bim flmt he
» orthia mat mblaka of Saul and bit aervam. at If
a trae prop^l^t of Ood woaM accept of agiaor p,i2?ni
for foretelling what waa deibed o7hta; Jeelhe nSJSn
. B* |t« CD* Tl, NCl* 3a
tbevoult. and the third will follow them
carryin« u bottle of wine. Theie three men will
talute thee, and apeak kindly to thee, iind will
give thee two of their loavet; which thou ihali
accept of. And (hence (hou ihaU cuuic (o a place
called Hachel't MonunieiK, where (hou (halt
meet with (hdso that will tell thee thy attei are
lound; after this, when thou comett to Gabaiha,
thou thalt overtake a company of prophett. and
thou thalt be seued with (he divine Spiri(,t and
prophety along wi(h them, till every one that tee.
thee iball be attoiiiibed. and wonder, and aav
• Whence it it that the ton of Kith hat arrived
at (hit decree of happinett?' And when thete
tigii» have happened to thee, know that God it
with thee; tlVen do thou laliitc thy father, and
thy kmdred. Thou thalt alto come when I tend
for thee to GiJgal. that we may offer tbank-bffer-
ing» to God for thcic bit iiiiigt." When Samuel
had taid this, and foretold these thiugt. he tent
the voung iiiiin away. Mow all thingi fell out to
baul according to the prophecy of Samuel.
3. But at toon at Saul came into the houae of '
hit kinuilaii Abncr. whom indeed he loved better
than uttyother of hit relations, he wat atked by
him conJtaMjjng hn journey, and what accidenta
happened to liiiii therein; and he concealed iiooe
of the other thing* from bim, no, not hit cominjc
to Samuel the prophet, nor bow he told him ttm
aiiei were louqd; but be taid nothing to bim
about the kingdom, and what belonged thereto,
which be thqught would nrocure-bim envy: and
when auch (hiniM »»« I,***.! «i.^.. nnot easiU-
lent
when tuch thingi are heard, they are
beheyed; i«8r did he .think.it prudent to t
those tbmgi to him. although h4 appeared v«
friendly to him, and one whom Tie loved abo
to tefl
very
. '*!'.
counaellon, and that be waa. to aet not Ilka a tola mon-
arch, InH with the advice and dIrecUon of thete Tl
memhert of the Jewith Sanbodrlm lipon all occaaion!i.
which yet we never read that becoqaultad altarward.
in*o*"i '™*'"" »f «''•• 'Mm Airy in have after thia
In gai i l, ch a p . V . ant « 3 ; 1 8 > ai . ri. t . Bee th e Ilk"
J-
k
BOOK VI.— CHAP. V.
'tw rtti of kii rrUlidni, con«i(l«riri)(, I aiiiiiMitf,
what hiiiiiin lintura timWy i; Ihul no nitf it ■
rtrni rririiH, iiaithrr ■luonK uur inlinialcn, iiur of
our kindrid, iiur ilo ihejr |ir««rv« lli*i kind tli>-
|)naitiun nhrn (iikI iittvHnri « nivn lu Krrnl pn»-
|M!i'i()r, hut Ihry uni atill llUnutiirnl iiml ciivluui
■It lliow tliHt ar* In cniliixnt alitioni.
4. Then .■Sanniil r»ll«l Ihn |irti|ds tng:«(h<-r to
thn ritv Miiiwh, nnd •|mk« to lht«n in th« wonlt
luHowiiiK, whirh he unid htr i)tii to tp'tAk hy th«
• omniand of (imi : Th»l " M||)|tn h« hiiil Kmntril
iheni ■ •lain of lihrrlv, anrCldciuKht fh<>lj •■iir-
iiiiea into nubjcrlion. they wttr h.j!*im<i umninil-
nil of hii btiH'fiti, wHL^n^cleil tiocC that ho
-bould not he thiiir Kin*, nn rtot con«idiTin|f <fta1
It Wdiihl ho iiioat fur tlirir n(lvantHK« lo b<> |)rr.
tided over by the brfit of l»cin|fi; lor (i»d iif th«
h«rt of hcin^K, And ihoy rhowi to hnvo a iiinii fur
ibeir kin|(; whilo king;* will uio thtir nibjuct* nt
ben%lt, itccordinK •■» '••• violont* of ibur own
ivillt and inctin«ii(mi, and othrr paasioni, ai
ivholly carried away with Iba lutt ol |)owi>r, but
will not endtavor to pmvrvn the rac» of iiiiin-
Itind at hit own worknianahiu and crriilion,
H'liicb, for that very reanoii, (iod would tnki' riirtr
of. Hut ninoa you havu coino to ■ flxnl rcolii..
(Ion, and thit injnriouii trealnicnt of Cod bun
ipiite |irrviiilcd over you, di*|K)iio younclvii by
your trilx-i nnd nceplrei, and CHit lots."
b. Whan thu llcbrcwn had lo done, the lot fill
upon.the tribe bf llenjninin; and wheo the lot
was cait for the fnmilica of tbii tribe, thot which
wai called Matri wa> taken; nnd when tbe lot
WHS ca«l fur the nJiiKle prrnont of that fiiimlv,
Saul, the ion of Kith, wn* taken for their kinjf.
When the young niun knew tliii, he previnfid
their lendinK for him,} nnd iniinediatrly went
away, and hid hinmelf. I luppoie that it win
because he would not have it thought that he
willingly took the government upon liiiu; niiy,
he showed »ucli n degree of roiiunand over liiiii-
'<;lf, and of modesty, that while the grealeit piirt
are not nlile to contain tlieir joy, even i|i tli*
gaining of pinall advunt.igeii, but prctentlv vbiiw
theiUM:lvt« publicly to all men, thi» ihau ilid not
only «how nothing of thot iinture, wlien be wni
apuointed to be the lord of «o many and to great
iribfi, but ••'■«|'t "W")- and concealed bliineff out
of the tight of thoiu he wan to leign over, and
m.-lde theiu aeek him, and that with a jjood deul
of trouble. So when the people were at a losi,
and tolicitoui, because Saul disiilfiiieHrcd, the
prophet beiought Ood to show whirc the young
mail was, and to produce liini before them. So
when they hail learned of Crud the place tvbero
Saul was hidden, they tent men to brinjf liiiii,
and when be was come, thev set him in the
iiiidst of the multitude. Xow Jie was trdler tliuu
any of them, and his stature was very iiiniesti
m :*"
(ilAI». V.
{ I. A»
i»oth.
Then taid the prophet, God gives you tiiis i tion as tluwe in tlie oilier cilie<, fnr tliev laiuent-
maa to be your king: see how he is higher than I c<t the eiihiiniiv of those relate.l ii, ih.'in. And
any of the peoftle, and wort ly of this dominion, when Siiil W»i»' returned from hi. hti.I.ni.drv into
;? " '"<"' ■• '"!«. P«'"I'V- "»'l "'"J* ucclnnmlion, the oitv, he found his fellow -citizen* weepinif ;
Ootf save tlit king! the prophet wrote doivu and w'-*- . - ^ : .. l_ ._, . ... f i»'
What would come to pass in a book, and read it
in the hearing of tbe king, and laid up the book
in the tabernacle of God to be a witness to' fu-
ture generations of what he hati foretold. So
when Samuel had finished this matter, he dis-
missed the multitude, and caliie himself to the
city. Kainah, for it wat hit own countrv. Sniil
»|»o went awav to Gibeah, where he was born:
i;nd many good men there were who paid him
the re»p«:Ct that was due to him; hut the greater
jitart were ill uien, who despised him, and deri-
de the others, who neither did bring him pre-
texts, uor did they in ad'ectiou, or even in words,
re^yru to please him.
hS<n, mion iii(|iiiry, he bad leurned the cause
ill tlie ronnision nnd snflness ther were jn, he
WB* seiied with n divine fury, anil sent away the
nnrbnswdors from the inhnbilnnts of Jabesh, and
pivnmised them to come to their ns!ii.itiince on the
third dav, and to beat their rnemi)>s befiiro sun-
rising, tliat the sun upon its rising, might tee
•tW^JIiey hud alriuidy Cunquereil, niiij were freed
fronnhe feiVs they Were under: liiit be bid toiiie
of them to 9t»y io' conduct them the right way.
to Jabesh. ^ "
3. So, being d« sirous to turn the people to this
war against the Ainmonitet by fear of the lo«se«
they shnuhl otherwise iiadtrgo, nnd that tliey
might the niore suddenly be gathered tugether,.
4
SmuVt h.afitdUion arminil Itu Xalian tf Ikt
\/lmmomtti, nnd rit Ihry octr Ihtm, and Ikt
Spoilt As luok/ram thtm.
had Willi Nahash, the kio|; of the Aiiiiliuiiites,
obtniiled him rrs|Het from nil the peiijjle; for this
A'ahash had done t Kraat deal of nimliief tn the
Jews that lived beyond Jordan, by the rsftedition
he had made ngalnst theih with a icrviti nnil war-
like nrmy. lie alto reibieed their cilirt into
slavery, nnd that not only by subduing iheni for
tb« present, which he did by fDrnf and viidenre,
but weakening them by siibiilty and iiiiminK,
(hat Ihev might not be nbia afterward to lUt clear
of the slavery lliey were under to hinitq'nr he
put out the ri|;bt eyes of thiiso that either de-
livered Ihrqiselves t.) him iiiMin terms, or were
taken by him in war,* and this he did, that when
their lift e vet were covered by their thieldt,
they plight be wholly iiivless in tynr, Now when
the king of the Ammonites hiul served thine be-
yond Jtirdan in this manner, he led his ariiiv
HRitinst those that were called tiileuiliies; anil
having pitched bis camp at the metropolis of hiit'
enemies, which wnt the city Jnhesh, h« sent ani-
biissadors to them, cummaiidiiig thiiii either to
deliver themselves up, on condition to have llleir
right eyes plucked oijt, or to undergo a siege, nnd
to'h^ve their cities overthrown, fie piive ihent
their choice, whether they would cut o(f a jii^ll
mentber of their bwly, or iiniversnjiv perish.
However, the (iileaditct were so all'righled at
tbeie nd'ers, that they had not coiimge to say any
thing to either of them, neilher that Ihev Would
deliver themselves up, norlhnt they would fight
bior. Hut they desired Ihnt he would give them
seven days' re»^)ite, Ihiit they miglit tend am-
bassadors to their ciiunlrynKn, ulid entreat their
assiHiaiicc ; iiiul if Iliey cuiiie to usainl them, the/
would fight, but if thitt iissi'tiince «\er« iinpoMi-
ble to he iihlaiiied from them, they snid they
would deli\er lireiuselves uji to suller H'hntevtl^
be (deased lo indict u|)on them.
2. So JVnlmsli.enntemniiig themidiitude of the
Cileiulites, iind the answer tliey jfiivi-, ntlowed
thepi u respite, und gave tttelii'leave to send to
whoniioeverlhey pleased fiirassislMni'e. So they
immediately •• nt la tbe Isrnelilivi, city by city,
ami informed themwhai Nahasli hail llire.itcned
lo do lo theiii, nnd what great di.Hlrevi lliey were
in. Now the |it.-o|i|e fell into teari und grief, nt
the hearing ol what the anibnmailfir* from Ja-
besh sniil; iinil tile terror they Wire in |ierniitled '
them to ilu iiotliin;; more. Itut nliiii llie mes-
sengers were I'oiiie to the. city of liiriir Saul, and
dedmed llie iliiiif;iis in whiili the inLiliiluiit^of.
Jabesli were, the people were in llie .«arne afflic-
u
•elt j^nd, taereby todct h>.a left eye. ii.c; looks at ttir.
I'ja
ANTIQlJITII.ri ()F TIlK JKWlfl.
.• h» rill III* (Infix of hii oi*n. auil (hrmlrnrcl In | |iR»iHn, hul •«), wlml liiiv* I tvrr iloiio llial wu*
i
tfo lll« •HNl* li> all •iH'll «• <ll<l Hill riilllr Willi
ih*ir nriiior lo Jun^n Ihr m nt iiiiy,'iiiMl I'lilliiw
hnii iinil SiiHtufI Iha pvonhrl whilhrrmicvir tl|fy
•lioiilil Irail Ihi'iii. Sii Inry niiti' liiKrllfir, mil
III fi itr III Ihr lii»'* Ihry Hfiri< llirtiilrni il wjlli,
■t III* ii|i|Hiiii1i'<l liiii*. Anil lilt' iiiiilliliiilu wrr«
nunil>rritl al Iha rily llttrk'. Ami lit' Iniinii llm
nuttil)rr h( ihuM ihti wtiro ciitliiriil lujjt'lhur,
iiraiilrii thm ulAlm irilic of JUiliih, lu hi n«< ii
liiliKlrt'il IjiiiuMiiil, whi||! Ihuu nl'llml Irilir wrrc
wttnty tliuiiaaml. Su hii |i*Hril ot«r Jt^inliini
•nil prit'trili'il in ninrihlnr all llial hikIiI, Ihlrt)
fiiiliili;!*, mill ciiiiii! Ill Julitiili li«)iirii muirUinK.
Mo hf >liviili:il lb«i iirniji iiilu tlirm i'iiiii|»tni< ■<<
mill II If U|Kiii llicir rnrniiM on rvcry ili.ln iii> llif
■iiilili II, Hii'l wht'ii Ihcjr rxiircti'il iiii mii'h lInii);:
iiiiJ jiiiniiiK tifilllii Willi llirni, llii) uliw u )(":">
lu«iiy III llid AiniiiontU'iii im iilao tiii'ir ItliiK ISu-
buali. I'lui hlui'Miiii •I'lion nai iliini' Uy SmuI,
■lul wna friiili (I Mjth Krt>Kl luiiinu'iidnlliiif ol' him
IS lit Ihr IlitirtiWi; amtht) thiuri) ^iiiiu<<t it wnn-
Urrful rt!|iuliitiun lor liin vul'ir; I ir, nlltioiij^h
Ihrrr Wciii •iiiiiti o( tlitni lliiit coiiliiiint^l liini
b^forr, thrjr Mow i'IiiiikoiI llirir iniiiJi, hhiI hu-
norril liinii uiiil oali'riiirU Ihiii m llit' Im'kI ol'
liirn; fur lir iliil iiAl (^uiitrnl hiuix-IV witli hiivinK
xavi'il till: liiliiiliilanlii i$( Juliijh imli, I'Ut I'lf
iiibilr an I'Hpi diiiun into lliv ooi ^^ry iii tin- Am-
muliitra, mill Uiil ilail wa»t<','!Q|'|mil> ii lurK<:
prey, mill no niitfiiiiit -to Ilia btf^VoiiiVtry iiKjut
Klurioiuily: no this iiloiilr w«'r<rKr«'Ull* ^ilrimil
lit thrae. Iji i Hint prtrlTiniiiliU't'a of Sniil, ul'iil r<-
joiceil llmt llii'y Imd rnnilllulril liiin lliiir kin^.
riiiy aluo iiiaue ■ rliiinur ugiiinat iIiohc Unit
prrtriidt'ii liti would liu of no iiiIvuiiIiik<' !■> lilt ir
aH'uii'ii; aiul lliry laiil, *^ VVIicrn now iiru (lit'i'ti
niiin, Itit them lit: bmugliti lo piinialiiiii iit," tvilh
all thi' liki lliiii|i;:t lljal iliiillitUiIra ilo ii'-iinlty miy,
wlifii tht-y |irf> t It'viiti'il with piOKprrilVi agiliii:*!
thoti* that liiuil liilily ilmplWd the aulhora nl il.
Ullt Saul, ullhou);h hi: tuqk thti ^niiil-will iiml
th» nflj'Otlon of li/t'iin iiirnt vrry kindly, ^it did
hti iWtnr Ihul hi> wnu|(l not «•<' any nt liiii <'ouii-
iryiiit-n iil»in tijiit diiy,>iiii'i' it ivim abxinl-to iirix
thia vii'tfiry, ivhivh (loj^ hail ((ivt'n ihrni, with the
blund and iilaut;hli'r 6f tliuae that uirr of tltp
•anit: iniaf;f with llttnimlvtn; and tliut it \va«
more agret'ahle tu he nitn of ii frii iidly diipo-
lition, and to to betnki: llit'iiiolvtii to I'luKlin^.
4. Am whi'n Sailiiti I liiul tcdd tliiiii that h«
;onliriii ihi* kiiiKlhim |o Snul li\ :i •I'coiid
dn of him, Iht-y nil I'lttnr tot^i tlii-r to the
city (lilj^d, fill' tliithiT ha (lid coniliiaiid (li< in In
t^unir. So till' |iriitilif't niioliitni S ml uilli llii:
holy oil, in tl.i' vi|;lil of l!ir iiiiiltiliidi, mid ili iIh-
red biin to lit kiii;^ ilii- viciiiid tiiiii'. And to lllc
• |(QVt:r4iint'nt of thi: llrliritv^r vv;i.i rhitii^xl into n
regal ^o\i^rniiii nt; for in tli« dii\» of Alusiv, iiiul
bia dUcrpli' •lo«hiin, who nun tin ir |;(ni.r.il, tht'y
Cont>nut:d niidir :iii iiri>lnrracy ; ^ut hIIiT tlit:
di^th of Jothnu, for li^lilitn yearn in all,' the
^riuultituuf had no i^rtltt'il form of f>'ovfi'niiii'iit,
■ bul Wfre in «n nnari'hyi "flfr uliirh the vrt lum-
ped to Iht'lr forniir frovirmnt'iit, llitv thin prr-
^initting thfiun-kin In lit: jiidf^i-d liy fiini who ap-
peared to III' tin: hi'iit warrior and inoat roiim-
l^.oun, whence it waii that ihiy fnlled thia ihler-
vul of their j^overnmi nt, Thv Ju>l{;in.
J. Then did Samuel the prophi-t call another
■tuapinhly oNo, and iiuid to ilieiii, " I •olemnty
■ tdjiirt) you by (>od Aliiiiirhly, who broii^hl tlioae
ix'cellent brithrrh, I inc;in Mones iind Aaivin,
into the world, nnd tjellvered our fathera from
the Kgypliaii", niid from the slavery they en-
dured under them, that y on will not ^prak what
yoii aaj to gratify me, uor nuppre"!! tiny thing
cut
ought to
ordinntii'
I say to gratify me, uor nuppre"!! tiny thing
; of rear oliiie, nor be overhoiiie by any other
iriifl or unju>l| or what have I iloiif uutol lurf*
nr rovtiloiiancM, ur In tti*'"') olhvriT ll«tr ^l(-
nr>a againal uie, if J ha«i> taarii au ol or > ahmp,
or any aiiih thing, which )rl, whrn they •/•
liiktn III anpiMirl nil n, it ia fatvinrid lilamnUu:
or linvrnl takiu an aa< for niliir own utr.of an)
unt> Ire Ilia grirf t Lay aome on* auiih criuia In
my I'hargv, HOW we are in your Jiing'a prraroca,"
Hut they cried out, 'I'hal " iin lueh thing liatl
liern done liy him, but that he had' pretitled
nverttihe nation «l4er a holy ami righlcuiia man-
H|mrr(enpon Samuel, when ainh a Iralimony
hiiilM'i n giyen linn by Iheni nil, aanl. " Sun e
«iut llipt yon are not able lu lay any ill
I my rhnrite hitherto, com* iin unw, and
en,. , .. ^
li Iti rirken wliittt I apeak with gnat frtedom
i. V ou have been guilty of great impiety
againrt i.lod In aaking you i king. II liennvc* ^
yim til niiuendier, that pur gmndfathflr Jaroli
cahip ilotjin into Kgypt, by reaaon of ■ famine,
with at»yen1y >iniU only ol our family, and that
their piitlirily multiplied tin rr to many ten
Ihunannda, Hnom the t'gyptiani brought into
alayiry and hard Ojijireaaliin ; that'tind him»e|f, d
U|Hin the pray era ol our falhera^aeiil iMote* ami
Aaron, who ivi're brethren, and ghve them |Kinei
lo ileliver^lhe multitude out of their dialri •«, and
thia without u king. 'I'litae brought ua into tlii«
very hold vihjih you now |)oaM'»»: and wlnn
you enjoyed theae advanlii|rea from Hod, yon
lietrayid hi> worahip and riligion; nny, iii'irr
over, when you .were brought under the biiiida
of your eiieniiea, he ilelivered you, lirH. by w^-
dei'li)g you auperior |o the Aaiyriani and their
forcea; jie then made you In overiuiiii' I be Am-
nionilea^nd Moabiira, and Init of all, the I'hI-
lialirtea; nnd tlie<e 'ihinat Imve been uchieved
uni'er yiaii'Oiiduet uf Jephtha nnd (iidenii. What
ni:iifiieHa therefort: [Ki^iHeaHed you to lly Iimni
tiod, and to deaiiT to be uinler n kinis;; yl have
I ordiiiniM him for king whom he ehoae for yni.
However, that I'liiav mate it plain lo yon, ihat
fiod in angry nnd diaplenaed at your I'lioice ul
kingly government, I wilnin diapoae him that he
ahiill'deelare thia very plainly to you by atrniige
aignali; fur nlial none of 'you ever aaw lierf be-
fore, I Hieiin a ttinler atorni in the nihlat of
harvest,* I will entreat of (Jnd, and Will make It
tlsible to you." Aiow, a> aoon aa he hud anid
thia, (I<nl gave auch great aignala by thunder
and lightning, nnd the tieacent of hail, ua ntte^it-
eil the truth \i( nil that the prophet had. laid, in-
aoinueh that they wei'te ainated and tirrilied,
nnd ennfeaiied they hud ainnetl, iind had fullrii
Inio the fin Ihniugh ignorance; and bexoitght
the prophet, an one that wna a lender and gen'.h
father to them, to render 0(id to Uierciful n« to
forgive thi» their Kin, which they had added tii
tlioae other olTenres wheriliy they hail nlfrontid
him.and triiniigreaaed against liiin. So he prnniiaed
them that he would beicl'J'h tjpd, and peiniiaila
irini to forgive them their aina. However, tt
adviaed them to be rigbtrnmi, and to be gooil,
and evtr lo remember the luiaeriea that had be-'
fallen thi'Ui on account of their departure fro n
virtue: nn al«o, to reineniber the ttrange ai^ns
Ooil had aheived them, and the body of liiw»
that Monea had given them, if they had iiny
deairc of being preaerved add tiiade happy with
Iheir king. Jtut he aaid, that if they shnuhl
grow enrrteta of these thinj;a, great judgment«i
would come from Ood upon tnein, and iipou their
king. And when Sainutl had that pnipiicst'tl
to the liebmwa, he diainiiaed thciu to their m-.'n
honie«, hnvidg conlirMied-the kingdom tt fe'aid
the aecpiid lime.
• Mr. Relanil olmrrvea liere, ami proves dsewlierc, : mer, yet in Palestine and Hyria they are ehletjji c:m
ialilH note on Aniiq. Ii. ill. jli. i. Hert.ti; that nltliouglr | lined to winter. Jo«ppliiial«keRnoticeorili«miuttli)ii{
tlinudcr and liglitning witli iia Irippcn uaually in dujD' • a|ain, Of the War, b. iv. ch. iv. acct. 5.
JH
■OOIC VI.'^lllAP. VI.
Mi
CHAP. VI.
II
Mh> Ihi I'KUMiut m*J* MMlhtr FtptJilUn
ugaintl M< IMrnn, tmd •c' Inaltit.
\ 1. Now Snul rhiit* uul of lh« niullltuil*
ibuut tliro* IhoHMDil liirn, anil ha limk t«rit
IbniiMml of th*m to li« lli« Kii«nU nf hi* own
biMlx.antl abwil* in Ih* rll^r nl lUllirl) •ml ha
n«« Iha rrit of thaiii lu Joiiathun hii •<iii IuIm
lh« Kuarila ol hit biMiyi ami •nil Ihrni lii(iili«ah>
whara ha ha>i<'Kail mid Imjk n fcrt«lii |arritnn
of tha I'hllintinra, mil far Imiii Oilxal, f»r Iha
rhtliilinaa of (ilbc ah hail liaaun iha Jawi, anil
UliKii lliair wrn|Hiiia awny, ami hail put KarriMini
into |hi> ilriMiKi at |>Ui'r> iif Ilia iiiunlry, unil hail
i'orliiil'lan Ihriii li> curry any intlriiiin nl iif iron,
ur al nil to inaka ii<» nf any irnn In any rara
whataoavfr. Anil on nri'iiiiiil of ihia |iruliiliilion
It na», that Iha hiiihuniliiii'ii, if thry Khi] iivcii-
alou III ah»r|nii any nt thiir t<ii>U, whilhrr it
w»r« Iha ittuhrr or th«< aiwla, i>r »«)• inatWHtaiit
of hiulianilry, thay ramain Ilia I'hilialinaa In do
il. Now aa aoiili iia Iha I'hilialinaa hiiiril of Ihia
alauKhtar of Ihalr Karriaim, thry wrra in a ra|t«
about it, and luoklnr un Ihia cunleinpt na ■ Irrri-
hl«! lilliuni oll< ml Ih. m, lliay niaila war *K*'nat
tha Jrwa, with thrra huntlrail thouaiiuil fiintiiicn,
and lliirly llinuaunil rhnriuta, and ait thnuaiind
horai-a, and thay nilihid Ihair caiiip at llio lily
of Midiiiiaah. VVInn Siiul; tha UInK irf lh« lU-
lirawa, wna infnnuml of thia, ha w< ut iliiwn lo
tlia rily of (iilK«l. iiiid inaila |iriniiiiiinlion 0»i'r
all lh« country, that tliav ahould try to nf^aiii
their lilifrly; and callad ih«m lo th« wnraRttinul
tha rhilialinca, dlniluiahing,th<tir forcaa, unil da-
aplaln)( thiiii aa not vary ciinaiilaralila, and aa not
to K"*l hut that thay nii)(ht hiiitani n liHltla
with them. lUt whan the p«i)(il« ufiuut Siiul
obaervnd how nuinrruut tha fliilittinia ware,
ther Wfira undarnKraatconatornation; nod aoiiia
of Ihciii hid thi'inaalvaa ip cavaa, and in dana
■ndtr ground, but tha jraatar part flail into tha
land beyond Jordan, nl.,t'h balungfd tuOad and
Puidxl.
t. Hut Snul aant to the prophet, and rnlli'd liiin
(o conaull with him about tho war, and Ihe pub-
lie affairai ao he coniiiiandcd him, lo. eluy Incre
for him, and lo urapare aacrlficia', fiir hn would
come to hiiii within aevan dava, that thay uiighl
jffar tncrlftca^ on the ai'vanlli il»y, mid might
then join battle with their ancioic*. So ho wait-
ed,* ai the propliat aant to him to dii, yet did
iVot he, however, obaerve the command that wna
(ivcn hiui; but when he tnw that tho prophet
* dnul mama to liovaatnyad llll naitf the time oftha
•renlnii •iii-riilre.on lli« acvemh iliiy. wliich Hainiiat
the proiilirt of Uoil linil nfipolnteil hini, but not till llio
end of lliiil liny, na liv onijhl (o liiive iloiin; nnd Hnniiiel
> appenra.liy diiliiyliiR lo rume till ilm lull llnipor ilie
eVcnliiK aurrlflrooiitlmtaoventlnliiy,loliavi'trinl hlin
(who •ecnia In iinve lircii nlremly for mimii- tinio ilarll-
nlnit from hia alrlft aiiit ImiiiiiIcii miKirillnniimi lo liiNl
and hia iMropliet, lo Have lilum lil'u i/uiiril»(rtrTjliii«elf
nnd liiaaon, wliicti ivhaoiitlrrly n new lliiu^ tn^arnet,
larttad loager than ka *%jmtfA, ami thai ha wM
lUaartad hf the aiildian, ha look tha aarrllca*
BiHl1<trara;<rilitiH t anil whan lia heard lliat Hamnal
waa niiiia, hn want out to mart hini. Hul Iha
prupbat aaid he had not dima'wall in diaoliavinK
Iha Injunrlion* ha had aaiil to l.lai, and had not
alayad till hi* coniin(, wliirh li< ina aptioinlail
aicurdhiK lo tha will of Uod, ha had |lre«*nl*<i
him in iiHaring up ihoaa prayara, and llioae aarrl-
ttiaa, that ha ahould hata iiiatia fur Ilia mullt'
luda, and that ha tharafora had parfoiineil dt-
«ina nfficaa In an ill iiinoncr, and had iHran mah
)■ iirrl'onnin|r than). Ilerau|iiin Saul niada an
a|>oloKy for liimaalf, and aaid, '-'I'hat ha had
waited a* many dava aa Haniiial hud apiminleil '
hiiii; that he had barn to iiuirk in iillmnK hi*
tarrillCra, n|ion arrounl nf iflti nera*ally ha wa«
in, and barauae hi*. (uhliar* ware daparlinK from
him. out of Ihi ir fear of Iha rhamy'* camp at
Muhiiinah, tha report bring goiiu abroud that
(hay were couiiiiE down u|iun hlin lo <lilfal.''__
To which HniiMiJ reiilird, "Way, certainty. If
Ihon hadat been * r tehl roua iiian,t and haiUl not
diaoliayad me, nor ili|(hWI Ihe ciiUiiiiuiida which
(lod aiigg^ali'd to ni«Vl[oni eniliic thu Jiraaeot
•lata of *B«ir>, and haM not acll4.niote haaliljr
than tha ^oant circiimdunra* rti|uirad, thou
w.inldit llt^vfl.^;ean pariiiilird to raijtn a long
tiiiia, and thy poal^irlly after thee." So Saiiliier.
bring grieved at what had Imppcned, rrlurn«cl
bniile: but Saul came lo the cily (iibcah, with
hi* aon Jonulhiiii, hut^iig only aia huinlrad man
with him; and of the»o the jraalcr part had no
weapnna, becaliae of the acanily of iron in that
country, na well aa of Ihoaa tliat could niak«
auch wruiKina; for, na w« ahowcd a lillle before,
the rhilialiiica had not auffired them to have*
auch iioli, or auch workmen. Noijr the I'hilii-
tiiirt divided their army Into three eonipaniat,
and look aa many ronda, and laid waato the coui». .
try of the llrbrewa, while king Saul and hl»
aon Jonathan aaw what wna done, but were not
able lo defend the Innd, na no more thnn (it
hundred men ware with ihaiii. llut ■• he imK
hU •OH, nnd Ahi»h Ihe high pricat, who w«« of th«
poklcrity of Kli the high prieat, ware ailtins
upon a nretly high hill, huiI »vvma the land laid
wnalr, iney^K*'''' niightily diaturbrd at il. Now
.Snul'a ion agreed with hi* armur-beartr, that
they would go privately to the rnen)y'\ caniip',
anilnmkcn taiuult anij a diaturbance among
them. And whan the arnior-bfBrcr bad readily
firomiaed to follow him whitheraoavar he ahould
end him, though hi] ihould be obliged tu die'ln
Aplon, n. il. aert. 30, whcrn Jow^phiiaapanka of Iha^
liHillei; Ihotiih II miial ha imird.Iliut II aeniiia, nl leila* In
thru Inalnncra, Dial (uihI men did nul nlwiiy* Iminedt-
nicly approve of aurh divine aavertly. There •eeqia to
he one Inatnnre, I t^nm. vl. l!>. 'Htl nnulher, 1 Ham. IT.
II; and n third, i! Hnni. vl. H, »; Anilq. II. vl. eh. vll.
aert. S; tlioiiuli tkoy nil at liial nrn'ilcaffld In the divln*
roftdiict, ua knowliis IhnI OoJ i» leiarr Iktn a««a.
t lly thin nnawer of Hiiiiiuel, nnd llmt fruni a dlvln* .
rnminlaxion, which la fUlk'r In I Hnm. llll. 14: and bf
■nd aiivorcil of a dUlruat of Uod'a prnvidoiire, ihid 19- -that (inrnllnl nolo in the A|M)rtollriil CnnaMlutlon* JUN
^
havii blilTleil morn than ho ou||hl llmt liide|i«ndeiil
•uthoffty which Ihe Pagan kliiga took to thcniaclvea:)
Baniurl, I any.aeeina lu buve hero tricil Hniil, whether
he would atuy llll the prieat rnnir, who nionr roiihl law-
fully olfcr the anrrlllica, or would iKildly and profoncly
uaurp the prle«l'« oNice: which he venturing u|ion, wna
liiatly rcjeriod for hia profnneneaa. fro Cohalit. Apoat.
D. il. ch. xivil. And Indeed alnco Hnul had arfn|iled
kingly power, which natiirnlly lierumcaiingavcrnnlile
and lyrniinlcul, na God foretold, nnd Ihe eiperioilru of
all ngeahnaihowii.lhii divine aetllcmcniliy Moara hud
noon hccn Inlil naldc under tin: kiiiux, had mil Cod, hy
ke«piii( atrlrlly la hia Inwa.nnd aevcrelyvicruting Ihe
Ihccatttnliigathcrelnrontnined.rpatraiiiedHaulandoihcr
klnga In aoinn deitrce ololicdlfnre 10 liiinacll'. Nor wiia
even tlila acvcrliy anlliru'iit to rcsiral osi of me lu-
tare klnja of Israel nnd Jiidnli from tlie KroKHcat idolnlry
and impioly. Uf thendviiniiige of wlilcliMrictiieea Intbe
oliaervlna divine law* nnd Inflicting Ilieir ihrealened
liantllle*, MW Aniiq. 11. vi. ch. xli. wvl. 7. and centra
'-:'- /■-■ n " -.
now quuled.conterning the great wlckcdneaa of flaul In
venturing, even under a aeenilnt m reality of nflkira, to
iiaiirpthc prieat'a ofllre,'and oiler aacilllre without tjio
urieal, we arc In aonie deurM uhle lunnai*er HUII qued-
Hon, which I have aver thought a very hard one. vHu
Whi'tlicr.ir there were n city orcoHnlryof lay Chrl*-
liana, wiUioiit any clergyro.in, ilwcre (awtlil for lb*
laity iilone to liaptlze.or celelirnH' Iho furlinrlal, Ilc. or
indrrd whether Ihey alone could ordain llieniaelvea -
either hlalioiw, prieata.or ileiicona. for the due perroriii
iincoorailrhaiicerdola'IniliiirtrntioiiaT or, whet her they
oiislit not rattier, till Ihey pronire clergymen lo come
ainniiK lhem,to conflnetbeiiiiclvea wiihlu liioae l>oun4a
of pleiy and chriatianity wliuh licloiig alOne to tbc lal-
tyf aui-li parllculnrly a* arc reeomniended In the flr*.
lioi)ko r thaAl>Oito l lfl l Olii* I Uutluiia,w4ilch p e cu l ia rly
roncem the laity, and are Intimated In Cleaienl'k •>•
doubled eplMta lecl. 40; to which latter opioioa I to.
cUIM.
V.
4^^^
194
ANTIQUITirj or Tins JKWt.
\
Ik* •tl*mp*, Jmm&MM in*iU wm of Ik* yanttm
■Ma'* •Miilsnr*, (iMi «l*<r«n<lml Intm tk« hiM,
Mtl mnl l>i (Mr ananil**. Now lh» •M*ni]r'a
f*iU|i MtM H|wii « |ir*rl|ttr#, mIik h liol ihtr*
^of, Ihal <n<lf<l Ml ■ •mall liut ilmfp mil loM
tllnniM/. whlU tluT* waa • tmk that •iirrniiii<r
mI iH«i». lik* ll«*» nia^a In nrrvriil lh« allark*
«f M •ii*injr. 'th»n ll m hitijpriii-il that Ikt
mil'KuiiriU of lh« ramp wfr* n«|iU<'lMt, liaiauy
^ of lk« •mirily lhal h>rr arou Iniiii lh«»ilUalloii
o( Iks plu-r, ami baeauM Ikajr lliuukhl II allu-
(alhar iwuoulbia, md onl)r lu awaml up lo lk«
camp on lhal qnkrlur, bul it murh aa to rnnia
Mar il. A* uhiii, Ihrnifor*, aa llity ram* Iniha
caaip, Jonathan «iiroura|td hli ariuor-haarar,
ami Mill lo hliii, "1^1 ui alUrk our aiiamwa i
ami If, ttlian ihtj «•• St; Ihi^j bill ua roma ap lo
Iham, laka lhal (itr • lijinal ol licuitf , bul if
ih»j t») milbinn, M not intmiliBi; in lu«i«i ua )'•
cnniu u|i, Ik I ua ralum bark again." HirAhcik-
tk»y wrra appn)*rh|n|[ l» lh« ftlriii^y^farnp,
jnai iiflrr tin ak ol ilujr, ami itia rhiliiliiira taw
,^, ibciil, llir^ aalil imr lu aiiolhtr, "'I'hr llrliriwa
|> Voiii* oul of IhcirilcHi and rayaa;" ami Ihry aanl
'^ttr JouBlhaii and lo Ma •mior-brarrr, "(,'ciimi
90, li«r.«iid up to ua, IhCt wa may iiiHirt a jual
|)uniahm< III iirnn you fi>r yuur rath allniipl uimiii
lia." So Saiira aun aircnlud of lhal iiinitalioii,
IM wlint alifiiiAad lo him violorT, ami ha imiiia-
I dialaljr caiii* out ijf iha pliira whrncr lh«iy wara
Man by tb«ir anrniira; ao ha rhangail hia plara,
— * anii f Hm«_la lliii rock whirh lia<l iiona to inard
III bacauie of- iu own all-rncthi from iTifinre
thav rra|il up with nrtul laiior aiKl ililtii ully,
' ana 10 far ovrrcama by force tlia nnlurri of |ha
placa, till thtiy wara abia to flghl with thrirrna-
■liaa. So ihry fell upon thrin aa Ihry war*
1 ailaen. and alaw about twt'iiiy of Ihrni, ami
fhartby lillril Ihi m with diaoniar ami >ur|)rta«-,
aaoniuch that aiiniB of th'rm Ihn'tv away ihrir
•Btira armor and lied, but iha grealrr pnrt not
kaowing ona anulhar, bacauac Ihay lyarc of dil-
fircnt naliona, au«iM>rlrd one anulnrr to lia rna-
Bilaa, (for ihry itiu nol iiiin|;inr Ihnrr wrre only
two of Iha lli-brrwa lhal -anie up,) and au Ihiiy
fought ona againat aiHlthti : and aonie uf Ihrm
djail in baltir, and aoiiic, ai lliry wcra flying
away,wrre thrown down from thn rnck hrailJoiiK.
3. Now Saut'a wulrhnirn told Ibti kinr, thai
tha camp of iha I'liiliatinai wai in confuiion;
than h« inquirvd wbrlhar any body waa gona
away from the a^my 1 and when h« lirlird lhal
hii aon, and with hint hia amior-brarcr, wrra
abiant, ha bid Iha high prieat take Iha pmianla
of hii hiifh pririthooil, and pniphray loliliti what
•ttcrraa Ihcy ahould hnvr; Ivho aniil, "'I'linl Ihry
■hould git the virlory, and prryuil againul Ihrir
. aaamiea." So he wrul out aflvr Iha rhiliatinea,
and act upon them aa they werr aUving on<(
anothrr. Thoac nUo cniui! runhiiiK lo him, who
had fli'd lo (Una and cavta, iiiion Iwaiiiig llmt
Saul waa rniiiiiig a yirtory. When then fori; the
number oT the Hebrew! that camr to Saul
amounlrd to about ten Ihouaand, hn puraiird the
•nemy, who wrre ncatlrrrd nil oyrr Ih* country;
but then be fill into nnnrliun, which wna a vrry
unhappy our, and liable to be very much blaiiird:
for whelJIier out of i|i;nurahce, or whnhrr out of
Jry for n virtory gHincd ao •trabgely, for it fre-
nuently happen* thot peraoni io forlunule are
not thi-n hUltt to u** their reason rnnai'tenlly,**
he Wat druiroiii to iiyenge biittaelf, andtn exort
a duo puniahnicat of the I'hiliitint't, he de-
*Thl* raah vowor ruraeorflnura, which Joarphiia
aan waa rnnfirnieil hy iho proplr, niiil yet nol eieru-
Ka, I aiippnae prliK-lpnlly heriiuw* ionntlmn iliri not
know nf 11, iivrry rrmnrknlile .Ix'ini! of llircKarjirr of
t he o ' llp ; ii i on o f a lll awa. lliii l ll i e y li e a u l lii 'I r ii i l y
known and |>ron)utfntrd;othrrwJii« llieromltiriof prov-
ldenre,aato ilie aarrrdiieaa of aolrnui nulla and vowa,
InGod'a rrriiaiiiR loiiiiawer ty 'Viia lilllhehreachof
Sanl'i row or riirac waa undeiaioiHl and act rl(ht, and
God propiilaiad by public prayei, i* hara very lemaik-
noanrtd a ruraa oa Ih* llabrawa,* "That If anf
una put a alup lu hia alaughlar of the anamy, aaj
fril on aaling, ami lift uA Iha ilaughlrr of lh«
jiiinull liefora Iha iiiahl lania an, aiul ubllgad
ihrmao to ilo, ha •IhmjIiI b« arruraail." Now af
l«r Maul tUMl daauuiii ad Ihia ryraa, aimia ikay
ware now in a Woml balooging lu Iha triba ol
Kphraim, which waa Ihii k and full uf baaa.
Haul a aon, who did mil hear hia lalhar danoune*
lhal rura«,nor hear of iha approbalion Iha inul-
llluda gaya to ll, bnika off a plara of a honey'
riimli, anil ala pirt of il ll<il,iu tha mean lima,
ka wka inforniad with what a ruraa ht* hlhar
had Itirbiddaa Ihrm lo ta<ta any Ihliig bafurv
aunaalling, ao ha Ia41 off eating, and aald, "Hia
father had not dona wall in Ihia prohibition be-
rauar, hwl Ihry lakrn aiimavfood, ihry had pur>
auad Ihr aliaiuy with graairr Vigor and alarrilj,
and had both lakaa and alain many mof* «f ikmr
maiiitlk."
4. VV1)«R th(r«lhr« ihry had atain many laii
Ihouaanilanf thr rhiliiliiira, Ihry |»|| upon ipoil-
Ing Ihr cunip uf Ihe I'hilialiiiii, bul nut till late
in Ike evening. Thry «|mi luok a great deal of
prer, aid raid*, ami kitird them, and ale them
wild their blowl. 'l\U waa lulii to lh« king by
Ihr atrilica, that the mulliluila welVi aiiiuing
againal liml, aa Ihry tacrifietd, ami were ealinc
balnre ihr Idood waa well waahrd awai, and
the llrah made cUan. Then did liaul give order
that a great atnii* ■hould b« nilird into llie niidat
uf tbrui, und ha made prmlamallon that Ibey
ahould kill Ihrir aarrilicca n|Km il, and not feed
upon the Drab with the blood, for lhal waa nol
arrrplabla to (iod. ,\nil when all Ihr (leopledid
aa tne kio|t roiuinandcd them. Maul arccled an
allar ihera.f and ull'arrd bunittnllrringa upon ll
lo (Iod. Thi* waa the Irai altar llul Saul
buill.
5. So when Maul wat daairoua of leading hii
men to the enemy'* camfi b< fora it wai day In
order lo plunder II, and when the ■uldicr* wara
not unwilling lo follow him, but iiidrnt aliunrd
grrnt reailiiiria lo do a* he coinnianiled tl.iiu,
llie king railed Ahitub, Ihr high priral, and en-
joined him to know of (iod, whelhrr he would
Kant him the fnvur and pcrmiaiion lo go agaiait
e anrmy'* camp, in onler lo dealroy thoae that
wrre in il. And when the prieat aaid, that (iod
did nol girenny Huawrr; "And not without aome
cauae," »aid Saul, "doe* Uod rrfuae lo anawar
what we inquire of him, while yet a little whije
ago he declared to ua all that we deaired befor*-
hand, and even prevrnted u* in hi* ao*wer. To
be aure there i* *oiii».ain againal him, that i* con-
rrnlt'd rrniii u«, whirh ia thr nrciiaiun of hi* *i-
Irnrr. INoW I awriir bj lliui himarlf, that though
he that hath comuiiltrd thi* *in *hould prove lu
be my own *on Jonathan. I will '*lay him, fend by
that nirnna will appraae the anger of Gml againal
ua, and that in thr trrj laine innnnrr aa if I wrru
to puniah a atranjcr, and ono nol at all related to
niCi for the aame i.dence." So when the niulli-
liidc cried out to him ao to do, he pre*rntly aet
all the real on one aide, *nd he and ni* *on *lood
on the other tide, and he *ought to diacover the
oflendrr by lot. Now the lot appeared io fall
upon Jonathan himarlf. So when he was aakrd
by lii* fiillirr what aiu he had been guilty oft and
what he wa* contriou* of in tha oourai! of hi* lifn
that mi^ht be r*teeined initancr* of guilt or pro-
fanenraa'f hi* anawrr wi|* thin: "O father, I h|y»
done pothin); inorc than that yeitenlajr, without
able, a* Indeed il I* erery where ehw In Iha Old.TeMa-
mcpt.
t llerr wc have allll iniire Indlrntloif* ofdauraaflkrla-
lion ofdraiiolir powrr, and nrhiacntrcnrhlng apontlM
I
.,Vs.
prlraihuud, iind niakws mid eiidrnviirlni lutiwuiat
ra*li voworrurKe idihout roriaulling 8aarael,o^lh«
Sanhedrim- In thiii view il ianlaotliat 1 loak upon tbia
erertlon of anew altar by, Paul; and hia oiftrinf of
burnt olTerinn hlniaelt upon il,and nol aa any prapar
iananca* of dcTolloo or laUgion, wjik olhata.
ft
'1
%.,_.
■•V
. "i n:
':¥
bA)k vi.-riiAP. vi(.
titc or th« rutta. mm! npiK Iknw k<i'l*( <l*-
r»il. wlitlr I WM in |Hir«ii« "f lh» »iniii);, I
mail* M ^Ujr, Iwl liiim«<lt*UJ)i ■■ilMr.il Inf*
It) itiijr liim. Mul frrh ^ tlx' •>!>•• rtuMin ■>'
b)« itaih h*r.ir« nil Ih' tM a nf lilrtN •wt iif nmHr*
Ami Juimlhan wm ikH tli«Mi'i)»<l Hi *ki« ihrmUn
tag of lUnlh, liH( <><t«rtn|| hnuMlt In ll (riifroii*-
if, (ml Ha<l«u«*"ll;> ki( Mi'l, "^ur ilo i <)<>•>■•
you, (alhor, (« •jMirn ni« d*»lli will Im I» iii«
••rr •<'ir|ii«l)lr, vih-n ii pritfril* friMii thjr |M'I)><
MM Mllrr • itlurhiut oiluryi fnr il i« llk« gfotMl
r»<M<>l*IIV« to IH«. )H*I I Irava lb' lUlirowa vli •
turloo* o«** th« fhllitltnri " llrrrN|K>n all lh»
nau|>U war* «»rir ••irr), ami |;rv*tly alHirttil fur
Joaallian, and llivy ittara lluil llirjr wiiulil wil
ufarliHik Jonathan, ami •<-« hint illr.ttliii Ha> iha
attlhur of Ihiir vlrlur*. liy wliiih inaaiw ihiy
MMli^hail him out of Ih* tlanfvr ha ara* lA Irtmi
hia ralhar'a ciirw, whila Ihcy liiatta Ihttr |iru)rn
lo llml alwi fur tha young him, that ha wuillil
$, Mil Haul, hafipK •lain abuut aiiljr thmi^M*!
af iha anaiiiy, rrlurnril limiia t» hl> nwnrtly. ami
rai^nril ha|i|iily ■■ ami ha aU» (uuclit a^»\n»i Of
ntiKlilMiriHK imlliini, and tididuad llir Aiiiiiiuil'
|lra, aad Mintbtiri, and I'hdMin^a. and l''.diiiuilr|.
and Aniuliliili a, a* alio (Iw hinK nf /,idiah. Ibi
htil thrra mala t'hildrtn, J.iiialli.in, uml laid, aiill
Matchlahua; with Mrrali and MIrlial hia ilaii||il-
lara. Ila bad atao Alinrr, liii) nni'li''i wHnTnr ib<'
captain of Ilk liixt; (hat un<-|r'a nania waa NVr.
Now Urr and hiah, Ihi lilhrr of Maul, t»ar< lirli-
than. Saul had alau a grral iiiauy I'linriil* a*d
kartrntani H|(atn«l wrlioniaoiVar ba madi war, h<'
ralumrd cun<|ii<irur, and advaiirad Iha allnira of
tba llrhrtiwa lo a iraBl il«nr<a of lurrj-aa lyiil
proa|wrlly, aii<l inaiTa Ihrni anrrrior tirulhi r iafv
Ih^r all .
Ihnn in liilitid, lia foond lltviH lu lia alHiul four
huMilrad Ihuuaawl of Iha laraalltaa. Ih ablat |ha
lillk- III Jnilah I f.ir that (rilH) ronlainad hy MmIIT
Ihirly ihiiuaand. At •'u^idiiuly, Mual niaila an ir-
n liiiii rti« counlry oiina A»i>.l>liilra, ami
rii|>ii" -- . .
•al Miao) man HI wtaral |Mitua In amiiuah al Iha
rliir, Ibat a<i ha nilgbl uutoMi) d>> Ibioi a mia-
rhli'f hy oiirii l|(klln(, Iml nitgfil fall u|>'ih i|i*"«
unr«[Mi'lri ly In Iha way*, and miRhl Iharabr
■ oni)iaa< ibrm r.iuild alioul, ami l>dl iI>«m. Anal
wl.iu ba hud Joinrd Irani* wilb lh» tiitniy, ha
brat Ihaiii, and, iiuraulni Ihriu aa Ibay Nad, ha-
d>>tM)vil Ihainall. And whan thai un>l»rlakiM|
hail aiK raadad, arcoidlnn a' (''nl bi||l fiiralukl
I ■' Ml uiMHi Ilia I lliaa uf ihai Amalrkiiaa lia ha*
aiaiiad Ih and loiih Ihrin >>) Airra, |nirlly bjr
^^ailiki' iiiarhmra, iMrlly l>y n'linaa di'jt undar ■
llnMind, ami |iarlly by liulbllnK walla on Iha out-
•|il(«, HoMia the.) aliiiirrd iiiK with faminr, and
aoinv lb)'t KHinad hy olliir nirlboiia, anil afirrall.
ba.lM'look niiiiaalf In alty ihr wunii n awl Iba rhiU
drr ml ihoiixhl lii' did nut arl Ihrri ili tilhar
barlmrnal} mid lohumaidy , llral, Iwi «iiaa Ihajr
wi n mtoiira whviii hr lliua Irralail, and, in the
naxl pl.ii't' baiHiitx it wiia ilinir l\y Iha I'lonniana
yf (aoil, whom »l waa dan|;aruu« not lo iil>«'y . Ma
idau look AKii|t,lha viirniy'a kiiiK, i'a|ilivi'; Iha
ht.auly and lallmiaa of vvb.iar b.Mly lir ailmind aa
niiifb, ibal ha (huukbl bnu worthy of |ir*ai m-
tl.lHi y«l WB« nut Ibia dona, howavrr, iiccnnlinc
lo Ibf will of (iiHl, bill bf |ri«ili|r-l*ny to buniaa
|iaa>itiM4, and aiilli-niiK biniMlf'^ti br hiutRit wit^
nn Miui uaiinnbli' I'tiuiiiiiaaraUHn^in ii |roinl whara
ikwua not aali' for biiu.tu imlulf^aKi for llu<l halvd
ilia Million of Iha AniaUkilri )a aui'b a dtKraa,
liosa: "ud ba niada aurh of tU youiiK ni^n Ihal" ibut ba roMMiiandjd Siiul lo ba»a nu pity on aaan
ware raniirkabia fur talliicaa uid comalittaaa, tbr
|iwcdi of bit boily.
• CHAP. VII,
ISmitBtrmr with M« Ainml,kUu,'»»i ConqutU
tff Ihtm.
I I. Now Saniiial rania unin Haul, ami uid to
him, "Thai lia waa acol by (iud lo put hiiii in
miiiil tbattiod hail prrfa^rtd biui iibovaulloibara,
and ordainml him kini; ; that be (bi'raforr ought
to ba nbrdivnt lu him, anil In aubiiiil to hit Mii-
th(trit;|r, •• couaidarini;, th«l thuudb ha bad Ihi
dominion OTcr the other Iribta, yrl that (Ind had
that doniiaiqn u««r him, ou.l over all thini;*. That
accordingly, (iuil aaid to liini, that bxi^iiuM Iba
Amalakilaa did I be ili'brawa a grrat diul of niia-
dtiaf while tliey ware in lb« wildrrnaaa. and
whan, upon their toiuing out uf Kicypl, ihe^v
were making'tliKir wn> to thatlountry »hii:b la
auw thvir own, I enjoin thve tu puiiinh ibr Ama-
tekitei, by uiakinK war upon ilil-iu, and when
Ibou hiat aubtiur'l them, tu leave none uf them
•li«c, but tu puraur Ihniii ttiruuf^b carry igt',an<l
to lUy Iheni, beginning will) tl.u nnineii and Ihe
infanta, aud t'> require lliii k«a puiiiahmiiil to Iw
inHicttMl U|Km them for the nilachier they did lu
ourTni'cfHthen. Tu ipan n(;tliing, nelllier atata
Bur other beaata, nor lu rea«r«e aiiji' of tlieiii fur
four own advalitage and poaavaaiun, but to de-
vote Ihciu univeraally to (>ud,anil, in obedience
to the coniinao<J« of Aloaea, tu blot out tbe niiiie
„ of Ainaiek* •;utirelJ^"
3, So i)dul prnmipril to do what he waa com-
manded; and <up|iu|irtK that hia ubedience tt>
God wuuld. be abown, not oiily in niakinp war
' againit Ihe Amalekitea, but more fully in the
leadiueM and quickncM of ' hit proceediogt, Ue
*Tlioreatoiioftl.i«afyrrily ladhtlnMlyilTan.l Pani.
1». IH: "l!oai»lniler!y ilra'riiy •: uamnrnillic Aniaiek
hea." iNor Indeeil dtiweivur mcei wlilillKae Amalek
ilaa hutaa ve y irurlflnd li'uodr peopNi, and parttrutarly
Mtkiiig to iDjure and utterly to ileairoy iIm hatton of la-
iboae iikuuitt wliicli we by nalure rbnily rom-
-paaaiunitta I but Saul prrterved their king and
(rovernhr from the uiiaeriea which the HiTirewt
iroiiKl't on llir people, aa if hi preferred tbe Ana
an|KHrani a of tbe eiiaiiiy to the uianiory of what
(Ind had aeiit biui aliuul. Tha multitude weN
iilau guilty, loKtlher ^ilh }<iiul, for lliey a|i«rad
the brrda ami the lli^, uml took thiMU fur a
prey, when (Ind bad ('<Miimaiidrd lliey aliuulil not.
•punt tbrui. Tlirv idau Liirried <illwilk Iheui iha
real uflbiir wiallli and rirbta. but if Ibere wcra
any thuig liial wai nut wortliy of regard, that
lliey diltrojed.
'.(. lint uheii Saul bad rnnqioTed til tboia
MiihIi kill* that riai'lied from I'eiuaiuni uf KgwA
di the lied Si a, be' laid i|ailu all tlie ri'al of Ilia
enaiiiy'a country : but fur tbe natiun of the She-
cliemil) a. he did not touch Ibeni, although they
dwelt in Ibn very mii'dle of the country uf Mp
<linii: fur, liefore Ihe brfltle, Saul bad tenl.to
Ibein, and ibaiged thaui lo di part thenre, lett-
ibej »lioubl ba uurt.ikere of »be miaeriea of lb*
Aiiiali.'ki«a, fnr be hud a }utt oacuaion for taving
tbroi, siiiir they' were uf the kindred of ltagiiel|«
Miiaea'a ftilheHOii-law. f
4. H< ri'ii|HiiV^iitil returned home with joy, for
tbe gii.rioUa Ibin'ltf be had dune, mid fur liie Con-
queat uf bit etieink-a, at Ihuiigb'lie bad iiut ueg-
lei-ted nny tbiiif; which the pro|.hi I had erijoineil
iijni In du, when br nnt gi-ing t» ui.ike wMr with
tbe Amalckiteii, iiiid aa tliuugb be hud exai'tly ut>>.
arrri d al) that he nuf^bt tu liave done, llut Ciod
WHA grieved ibat the king nf the Aiiuilckilea w;aa
urrarrved alive, and ibal (be iiiiillltiiile had teit-
ed on the CHltle for n prey, bttaute tiieae tbingt
were dune witlinut hia pt'rinistiun; furbeibouglit
it eni^ntolerahlc lhiii(:, Ibit Iliey tliuuld lunquef
and uvercoiiie their eiU'iuie* by thul power wbicll
rael. Kce Kiod. jvli. H— IC: .Viiinli. liv. 4.V Dpit. ii*.
~t*^ — tO. I.i.l.r ui 'l^il' I vTnfn tv :i'l' K«MhHl««Mlir 7!
iT^lft JhiIii. vl. ;i-|i 1 Ham. w. Xi; l-a*lln liiiUI. ,,
and al ove all, the iiiotf liarbarout of all rrurliiea, thai
of llamnii Die AraiilM.or one of IN paa:crily af Agag,
the old kini oriiia Ainnlekiiat, GiUi. ill. 1— lib
/.-I
, ^^-
- v..
196
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
n
■ ■ he K^ve th«m,{kn(l lli'n thtt he hiiDicir thoulJ
he to KrtMily dnpticd and illtobeyrd l>y (tiT'iji,
that ■ iiicrr man, tnnt was a king, woiiUI nut l>rRr
It. He iherofore told Samuel the urophet, tliet
he rivpented lint he had maile Saul l<>nii;, while
he ilid nothing that he had commamlcd hinl, but
iniliili^ed his own inclination!. When Samuel
heller th«t, he was in confuiiog; and beran to
litaeech Uod ell that night to be reconciled to
Saul, and not to be angry with bini; but he did
not grant that forgivijneu to Saul which the pro-
phet Hiked for, and not deeniing it ^ fit thing to
l^rant Torfi^ivenriii of [luch] tint at hi* eiutreatiei,
mnce Injuries d,(] not otherwise grow to great as
by the easy tempers of those that are injured ;
fur while they hunt after the clory of being
thought genllo and goo{l-nKtured,l>efor« they are
nware they produce other sin*,' At toon th|!re-
- fore at (iwl had rejected the intercctiion of the
prophet, and it pUinly appeared he w^ld not
r.haiigf) his niind; at breaic pf day Samuel came
to Saul Bt Gileal. When tba king taw him, he
ran to hini, and embraced him, and taid, "I re-
turn thanks to God, who hath given roe the vic-
tory, for I haj-e purformcd every thing |hnt he
. hath cniitnmndiif mr." To which Saniiiel re-
plied, "How is it then that I hear the blenling
of the sheep, and the lowing of the greater cattle
In the canipT" Saul made answer, that *' the
people had reserved tl(eiii for tacrificet; but that,
at to the nation of the Amalckites, it was entire-
ly destraycdi at he had received it in command
to see qohe, and that no one man wna left, but
that he h^d saved alive the king alune, and
brought him to hini,yConcerning whom he laid
thev would advise together what ihould be done'
witllbini." But the prophet Hid, ** Uod is not
deliilhled with tacriocct, but with good and
righteoui men, tvho are tuch at follow hit will
knd hit law*, and never think that any thing it^
well done by theni, but when they do it at God
. hath cooimanded thieiR! that he then looks upon
himielf at aiTronted, not when any one does nut
sacrifice, but when any one appear* to be disobe-
dient to him. But that from those who do not
obey him, nor pay him that duty which it the
alone true and acceptable worship, he will not
kindly, accept their onlationi, be those thiy offirr
neyer to many and so fat, and be the present*
they make him never'toorAainenttil, nay, though
they were made of gold and rilrer themtelvet,
but he will reject them, and eateeiu them inatan-
cet of wickediien, and not of piety. Antl that
he it delic^ted with Ihote that atiirbtor in iiiihd
this one thing, and this only, how to do that.what-
toever it be, which Gud pronouuces or command*
for them to doi and tp choose rather to die than
to trantgrett any of thetc commands; nut doet
he require to much at a lacrifice from them.
And when these do laCrificc, though it be a mean
oblation, he better nccepta if it as theyhonnr of
poverty, than tuch oblation* as come'-frpiii : the
richett men that offer them to him. Wht'relore
take notice, that" thon art under the wrath of
God, for thou hast deapited and neglected what
he commanded thee. How dott thou then tup-
pote that he will accept a umfice out of such
thingt as he bath-doomed to WMra'ction? unkst
perhapt thou dost imagine that it is almost ell
one to offer it in tamficr to God as to dtstioy It.
Do thou therefore expect that thy kin^tloni will
be taken from thee, and thnt authority which
thpii hast abused I'y tuch insolent behat ^r, a*
to neglect ihatGoil »yho bestowed it upon tlioe."
Then did Saul confcst that he had acted ir 'i' tly,
and did not denv tliat he had tinned, be'■l.l^e he
had traniigressed the ii)|uDCtions of tUe pruphct;
but he taid, that it wa* out of a dria) •md feiir
*a( the ooldiet, ihar lie did not prul'.ihit nnd re-
.ttraln them when they teited on t'le prey. But
forcive me> taM he, and be merciful to I'le, fjr I
tsilT be caullout how 1 oiToiid for the time to
come. He altp entreated the prophtl to go bach
with him, that hc'migbt ofl'er nis tbaiik-oA'eringt
to (I'od ; hut Samuel went home, bcrtiusc he taw
that Gud would not be reconciled to him.
5. But then Saul wat to deiirout to retain Sa-
muel, that he took hold of hit cloak, and because
the vehemence of Saiiiuel'* departure made the
motion to be violent, the cloak wa* rent. Upon
which the prophet said, that after the tame man-
ner thould the.kingdom be rent from him, and
that, a good and a just man thould take it; that
God persevered in what he had decreed about
him ; that to be mutable and changeable in what
it ileternilncd, it agreeable to human imtaipnt
only, but is not agreeable to the divine power.
Hereu|>on Saul said, that he had l>een wicked,
but that whatwat done could not be undone: be
therefore deaired him to honor him ao Tar, that .
Ihcniultil^'le might tee that he would accompa- i,
ny him in WortbippingGod. So Sanmel granted
hini that favor, and Ment with hini and worthip-
ped God. Agar, alao, the king of the Amale«>
Ilea, was broiij^ht to him; and when the king
asked, How bitter death was? Samuel aaid : " At
thou hast made miiny of the Hebrew niothcrtto
lament anrl bewail their children, *o thalt thou... ..'
Iiv thy death cause thy mother to lament thee ' '*'
alto. Accordingly, he gave order to ala)"iiiak.^>vv. -
immediately at Girgal, and then went away to wi . .
ly.
city Raniah.
irgal
CHAP. VHI.
How, vpon Saul's J^itrugreirion tf the Pro-
phet's Comniands, Samuel ordained anolhtt
Person to he King privately, whose name was
JDavid, as God /commanded him.
{ 1. Now Saul being tensibl^ of the miserable
condition he had brought himself into, and that
he had made God to be hit enemytde went up tb
hi* royal palace at Gibeah, which name denotes
a * hill,' and after that day he; Came no more into
the presence of the prophet. And when Samuel
mourned I'yr him, God bid him leave off bis con-
cern for him, and to take the holy pil, and go to
Be.thleheiii to Jetsc, the *on of Obed, and to
anoint tuch of hit tons at he thould thow him,
for their future king. But Samuel taid, he waa
afraid lest S»ur,when he came to know of it, should
kill him, either by aqine private method, or even
o|)enly. But upon God's suggesting to him a safe
way of gufng thither, he came to the foremen-
tiohed city; and when they ell tainted him, and
asked, "What wHt the occation of his coming?"
he told them, he came to sacrifice to God. When
therefore be had gotten the sacrifice ready, ha
called ^esac and his aon* to partake'ofrthote ta-
crificvt; and when he taw his eldeitton to be a
tail and hKndsoioe man, he giiesited by hi* come-
line** that he wa* the person who wat to ba
t'-.eir future kiof. But he wa* misitaken in judg-
in-; about Gode providenre, foft'lrheo Satnuel
inquired of God, whether Iic^IhQIM anoiht thia
youth, whohi he. *o admired, and c*treiued^;|ror-
thy of tiie kingdom? God *aid, ** Men do ntttace
as God seUh. Thou indeed hast respe^^i the
fine appearnnce of this youth, and ^UVV et-
teemeiit him worthy of the kingdom, whilO: pro-
^}art•. the kingdom as a reward, hot of the^auty
uf bodies, hut of the virtue of toula, and I in-
quire' after one that i* perfectly comely in that
retpect. I meun one who it beautiful in pietjTi
ar.n rin;htrousne9!i,-aod fortitude, and obedience,
for ill them cunaistt the coiiKlinei.4 of the aoul."
When God had tnid this, Samuel bade Jeste !•
show Mil all hit tons. So he miule five othcn
ut hii sons to come to him; of all of whom Eliab
WHE the eldest, Aminadal the aecnnd, Shammah '
the t'lii'd, ^'alhuniel the f.iurth, Kael the fifth,'
au I Asniu the nxxth. Ami when the prophet taw '
that these were no way inferior to the «ldeH_ ia
their couiitenuacet, he inquired of God, which
of them it wat whom he chuse-for their kingl
'■.■e>
And when
ed Jette,
oetidet th<
wore nam
and took c
him imme
could nut
toon at hi
come, he
ion, uf a
other retp
«Btely to
.our kinff.
ced thu yi
hit other
pretence i
ftnd him
God chuai
him to be
manda, lot
continue I
thould be
the world;
. tine*; uiu
should V.'M
and tiirviv
should eir
name to hi
•2. So S
ndmonitiu
departed i
upw tbit
began to p
and dciiio
brbuglit ui
dy to chot
find no oti
could chai
ing upon
for tuch t
inqnt cam
take care
him aud p
him. Ace
maniled tli
ft certain
the city o
yet no mo
beautiful,
serving of
ing oh the
excellent ^
tired him
and tend
him, at ha
of hit Coil
bit ton, a
And whei
liim. aud
him in v^
pattion, 1
trouble l«
wat that i
of h/iun«,
ihg Saul I
aeiit to Jei
him to pel
be wat di
wliich ala}
lie graiite
How the
against
and hull
GoUalh
i i. Ni
together
* Spanhi
inch (laf <i
yoath wen
K'-r
go back
oAirinf)
be raw
n.
pUin iii-
bticuiuar
iiade tha
1. UpoD
ime maa-
him, toA
1 it; that
ed aboMt
I in what
pMiipni
e power.
wiclied,
J one: be
Tar, that
icconi]>a- I.
I granted
workhip<
Anialek-
the king
lid: "Ai
alhrrsto
lialt thou... ..'
ent thee
ay to toe
fhe Pro-
anothtt
ame via*
niaerable
and that
!nt up tb
; denotei
lore into
I Samuel
bis con-
ad go to
, and to
ow him,
r he waa
t,iihoutd
or even
m a safe
bremen-
him, and
nming?"
I. When
eady. ha
ihoie ta-
I tob^a
is Corne-
lls to be
injuJg-
Satnuel
oiht this
led ,ijror-
1 nptsee
mt
kfrpro-
emauty
ad I ID-
ir in that
n.pietjFi
edience,
c loul,"
Jrcae !•
3 others
m Eliab
hanunah
he fifth,
>het uw
ildeH ia
, which
if king*
BOOK Vl.-^IIAP. IX.
197
Asd when (Jod mid it wat ngne of litem, he a^k-
•d Jeuti, whether he had not- tuiiin other inns
oeiidei thrte? anil when he laid that he had unn
more named David., bat (hat he wan n nhepherd,
and took care.of the IKicki, itamuel bid tliumi'Hil
him imuiediutiilr, for tliut till he was cuiiie they
could nut poislbly lit down to thv friitt. Nuw a<
iopn al hit father had tentror David, and he' wat
come, he appeared to hk of u yellow coinplpi-
ion, of a tharp tight, and a conitdy inr^'oii in
other reiprctt aho. 'i'hit i.i lie, taiil Smnuel pri-
vately to himieir, whom it.pleate* (jod to make
.our king. So he ttit down to thn fc:ii>t, and pla-
ced thu youth under him, and Jeiie uho, with
hi* othtr lont; uftrr which he took oil, in the
preienco of David, and anoinlrd him, and whit-
jjcred bint in the ear, and acipinintrVl him, that
Ciud choae liiiii to be their (king: uiid exhorted
him to be righteouii, and obeiliiirt to hit rom-
mandi, (or that by thii meant lilt kinp;dom would
continue for a long tmie, iind that hi* house
•huuld be nf j;ri;at splfndur, and CKJebrated in
the world; that he simuhl ovi^rllirnw the I'hilit-
. liui-a; and that n;!;uintt tthiit nation auevtr he
should iviike war, iiu abould bi" the CiNiquiror,
and tiirvivc the fight; end timt wliile he liu'd he
shouhl ciijoy a glor'ioila uamv, and leave luch a
name to hia pastel ity iilai).
'2. So Samuel, when he had ff'wen him thvie
admonitions, went aH;ay : but (hi; diviiii; piiwrr
departed from Saul, nnil removed to David; who;
upU> this removal of the Divine Spirit to him,
began to prophesy. But.aa for Saul, aoiiic atraii^e
aiiu dciiioiiiHC.-il diaurdct's nmie ii|k>n him, mill
brbuglit upon him such Jtutlocaliuiis us were rea-
dy to choke hini; fpr which the physicians coidd
find no other remedy but' this, that if any nerton
could charni thosti passinna by tinging, aim pray-
ing upon the harp, they advised- him to iiii)uire
for such a. one, and to observe when these de-
raoDt came upe^d hint audtjistiirbed htm, and to
take care th^t such; a person might stand over
him aud play on the harp,* aiid recite hymns to
him. Accordingly Saul did nut delity, but Com-
manded theni to seek out tuch a man. Aud when
k dertain standcr-by said that ho had seen in
the city of liethlchein a son of' Jesse, wlio was
vet nn more than a child in i)ge, but comely and
beautiful, and in other reanectsonu that was de-
serving of i;reat regurd, wno was skilful- in play-
ing on the harp, an J in siiiging of hyiniis, and an
eicelleut tulJler in war, he sent to Jeist^ and de-
tired him to t:ike David away from the lloCka,
and send him to hii)i, for,he had a mind to see
him, aa having beard an advantageous character
of his Comeliness and hit valor. So Jesse, sent
hit son, and gave him presents to carry to Saul.
And when he was come, Saul was pleased with
liini, and iiiade him his armor-bearer, and had
him in very great esteem, lor Iw charmed bis
passion, ana was thejjnly physician against the
trouble ho had fvoni'the demon, tvheiisdcver it
was that it came upon hiiii, and this by reciting
of hjjiuns, anil playing uport the harpr and briiig-
Jhg Saul to his right uiiiid a^jain. HowuVer, he
«eiit to Jesse t|>e father of the child, and desired
him to permit David to stay with him, for that
he was delighted with his sight and company;
which stay, that he might not contradict Saul,
. lie granted.
CHAP. IX.
How the PhilittineM made aiiothtr Exptiitinti,
againtl the Hebrews, nndcrtht ret^n of Saul;
and hnw Ihey Wert overcome by David'ulayinff
GoUalh in a titigle Cambttt.
} I. Ndw the Philistines gathered themselves
together again no very long time afterwaid, and
* Sjianheim takes notice liere.that the Oraeks had
sneh timiieri of linmna, and tliat usually children or
" yiMth were picked out for that servlcr, aa alsa tliat
hiving gotten toxether a great army, they made <
war against the Israelites; and having aeiird •
place between SImccuh anil Atekah, they there
pitched their cnitip. Saul tilso drew out his army \a^'>s^
to oppiwe Ihein; iind by pilrhing his own caiiip ,
on a certalii hill, he lorred (he Hhilistinrs to leave
their former camp, mid to encamp theniseUes .a
upon- sueh another hill< over against that on
which Saul's army lay, so (hut u valley, which
was between the two bills on whiih they jny
divided their camps atumler. JVotV there rama
down a man out uf the camp of the I'hiliatiiiea,
whose inune was '(lolialh,' uf (he city of (ia(h,
a •man of vast bulk, for he wiis fiuir ciibitsand
a span in tallness, and hail about him weapoim
suitable In the lavgenest of bis budyl, for ha had
a breastplate on tniit weighed live I hiilis^nd site-
kcls; he had also a heliitrt and greaves of brass. .
at large as you would iiatiirally tumiose iiiiKht
cover the liiiiba of to vast n body. iLs spear was
aho such aa wat not carried like a Ught thiii^ III
hit right baud, but he carried it iislyins on his .,
shoulders, lie had also a lance of six htinilred '
shekels: and mniiy fullotviil liini to'e;ijry lii* ■'
'iliiiiior. ^VIlerrli>ru tlii^Ooliiith stood between *
the two armies, IIS they were in bailie array,, and
sent out a loud voice, mill Siiid to Saul and to (hii
Hebrews, " 1 will free yoii I'rOiii ligliliug and from ^- .
ilniigcrs; for whal necesjily Is tlier^ that y6ur •
army should t'.ill and be allllrted? (live me n
niau of you thai will figlit with me, and he tbal
con(|urrs shiill have the reward of the Conqueror, '
and determine the war; for these shall servo ■ .
those others lu whom the conqueror ohall belong
and certainly it is iiiwrh better, and more pru- ,
<lent to gain What vou desire by the haxnril of
One man than of all." When he taid this, he
retired to his oWn canin; but the next day \u.
came again, ami used tne SHiiie words, and diO
not leave otflurly days together, to challcngo
the enemy in the saiiie words, (ill Saul and hit
army were therewith terrified, while they put
thcnitelves in array aa if they would -fight, but 4
dill not come to a cloae battle.
' 2. Now while this war between the Hcbrevira
And the I'hillstines was going i n. Siiul sent awav
David to his .father Jesse, anil • uiitented himsLlf
with those (bi-ecsuns of his v.-liom he had aeiit ti>
his assistance, niid to be partners in the dangers
of the war: and at first David returned to feed
his sheep and his fiochs; bul after no long time
lie CHiue to the camp of the Ileiirews, as sent by
his father to carry provisions to his brelbn>Dt and
to know what th'ev were doing. While Oolialh
came again, and cliallenged them, and reproach-
ed them, that they haiTno man of valor among
them that durst come down to fight him; and at
David was talking with hit brcdiren about the
business ibV wliiuh his father had sent him, ha
hearii the Philistine reproaching and abusing the
army, and had indignation al it, and said to hia
brethren, I am reuilv to fight a single combat
with this adreisary. VVhereupnii KIlab, his eUlest
brother, reproyeil him, and said (hut he spake too
rashly aud improperly for one of his age, and bid
him gu to his Hocks, and to bis fiither. So he waa ' .
abashed at his brother's words aifd went awa} ,
but still he spake to some of the soldiers, that he
was willing to fight with him that challenged
them. Ana when they hud inforiijed Saul what
was the resolution of the young man, the king
sent for him to come to him. Ann when the king
asked what he had to say, he replied, "O king,
be not cast down nnr afraid, for 1 will depress the
insolence of this adversary, and will go down and
fight with him, and will Sring him under me, as %^
tall and as great as be is, .<ll he shall -be aufli-
viently laughed at, andthy a.-u)y sliall get great
■ ■ • ■ -'* —
thoaa ehlled »imger> u He tarp. did i>a aame that Ra-
▼M dM hara, i. e. Join tlieir own vocal and iostiumsu-
lal mtie lofetbar.
138
ANTIQUITIES OF TUB JEWS.
Klnryi when he 'hull br »Wm by nn« tlint ii not
rrt of iiiHn't •'Jitiilf, Dfitlirr At T.it' fighting, nur
capable of beiiiK iiitrutlert witli the iimniiiilliii|t
in arniy. or onVrrmp a bnttU'. but liv niie that
look* Irkn a chikli aiul it rriilly no pldur in t%v
than a child."
3. Kvw Saul wondered at the boldneis and
niarrity of David, but dunt pot prraiinie on hia
ability, by ri'Uion uf hin af^n! but Huid lie niu>t
on that acrciunt be too wrak to fi);ht with one
that wn> ikilful ill the art of war. "I undertake
thii cnterpriae," iiaid David, " in dependence on
tfod'a bt'niig with me, lor I have had experience
already of hin uMijitiinco; for I once punned
nl'ttr and cauffht u lion that atMultcd my llocki.
and look away a l<inib from them, and I matched
f llio lamli out of the wild, beait'i mouth, and
. ulicn he leaped upiiii nie with violrncek I took
'-him by the tail, and daahcd him agiiinat (he
^r»uncl. In the tame iiinnoer did I nveti|;e niy-
irlf on a bear Jilto; and let this ndveiitary uf ours
be eMecmed like one of thete wild beattt, aince
he hai'jB long while reproached our an>>y> ">"'
blaitphemvd our God, who yet will reduce him
■ under nvy power." ,
.4. However,. Saul prayed that the end inij^ht
^ be, by tigd'H -i^tjifitiince, not disagcecnble to the
ahtcrity and lioFiWsa of the child; and ii»id,"<td
thy way to the light." So he put about him hit
.brenatplate, and f;ir(|ed on hit aword, and htled
^he hejiuct to hia lieatK^and aeiit him away. Hut
David waa burdened with hii armor, fuf he had
not been cxcrciaed to itj'^or had lie learned to
walk with it; »o he.8aid,>Muet thia arniof be
thine, O king, who ui-t «bl«>o bear it, lint ftiv<-
nie leave to fight na thy aervaiitViind aa I ni^nelf
. tieaire." A.ccordlnjily he laid by the armor, and
taking hit atnff with liiin, and pnltii);; five atpne«
out of the brook into u aheplterdVsbH^ an:l
.having a aling in hia ri);ht haml, he went-towarda
Colinth. But the adveraury aeeing him ikauch
a manner, diadalntd him, and jetted upon him,
. at if be had not auch weapons with him at arc
titual when one man fij^hta againat another, buf-
auch at are uacd in driving aw»y and uvuiHing
of dogs; and said, "Dott thou take me not for a
man, out a dog?" To which he replied, "iSo,
not for a dog, but for a creature worae than u
• dog." Thii provoked Goliath to anger, who
thereupon curted hin> by the name of God, and
threatened to give hit lleah to the beaala of the
earth, and to the fowla of the air, to be ton in
-piecei by them. To whom David anawered,
"Thou comeat to me with a aword, aiul with a
apear, and with a breaatplate, but 1 have God
for iny. armor, in coming againat thee, who will
.- deatroy thee and all thy anuy by my handa; for
'/ .1 will thia day cat off thy bead, and caat the
Other parts of thy body to the doga, and all men
. shall learn that God it the protector of the He-
brews, and that our armor and our strength is
in his providence, and that, without God'a ussitt-
ance, all other warlike preparations and power
are useless." So the Philistine, being retanled
by the weight of hit armdf; when he attempted
to meet David in ha«te, came on but tlowly, us
despising him, and depending upon it that he
should elay him v/bfi was both unarmed, and at
child also, without any trouble iit nW.
-5, But the youth met his nhtagonitt, being nr-
couipanied with an invisible assistant, who was no
other than God himself. And taking one of the
stones that he had out of the brook, and had put
into hia shepherd's l>ag, and fitting itta his sling,
he slun^ itagaiiist the Philistine. This atone fell
■ upon his forehiead, and sank iiito his brain, inao*
* JoaephtiB tays tkrictln this chapter, and («»'<;« af-
lerwarH, r.haii. <<. *eet. 9, and B. vil. chap. I.sert. 4, <•
•.fivatimesin alf.thatflanl required not a bare An*-
irtdef Ikr, famkiiu of the Philistines, but «ix tiia-
ind »f tktir Head: The Septuaglnt have ilOfore-
aUoi,tiut the SyiUc and Arabic swe. Mow that th(s«
much thatfiollath was stunned, and f>ll upon lii<
face. So David ran, and atotid n|ion hin udveraa
ry ua he lav down, and cut oif hit head with I.U
04vn sworcl: for he had no aword himaelf. Anti
upon the fall of Goliath, the Philiatines were
beaten, and fled : for when they saw tlieir cham-
pion prnttrnte on the ground, they were afrniil
of the entire iaaue of their aRaira, anil reaglved
not to tloy any longer, but committed theuiatlvca
to%n ignominious and indecent flight, and there-
by emtenvored tu save themaelvea' from the
danger* they were in. Hut Soul and the entire
army of the Hebrews ma<le a ahoiit, and rtiahed
upon them, and slew a great number of them
and pursued the I'est to the borders of Oath, and
to the galea of Kkron ; ao that there ivere ainin o(
the l>hilia(i()Gs thirty tliou4a|fil, and twire aa
many woumled. But Siiul retnrned to their
camp^ and piillfd their furtilication to piecea, and
burnt it; Imt David carrieil the hcnil ol Goliath
into hit own lent, but dedicated his sword to
God [at the tubcrriacle,]
CHAP. X.
Saul rnvhs Pavid for hii ploriout Succeti, and
lakes ail nccutiun nf enlrnppinic him, fiom the
fromite lie made him iif s^vififf him hia Jjimzh-
ter inJMayriagt, hut IhUnpon CoHdHionnfhia
bringinifjix hundttd lleadt if tht thiliitints.
\ 1. XiiW the women were, an orcaaiou of
Saul's envy itiid hatred to Ditvid ; for thev caiiie
to meet tilt ir victoriona army with ryiiifaa'l^, and
druiiia, and nil ileinonstiationa of j(>y, and suiij;
thus: the wivra aaid, tliat "Snnlhiid tliiin hia
nmiiy IhouaiUida of llie Philittinea." The vir-
gins replieil, that "Dnvid had aInin hIa fin thoii-
tands." IV »w, when the king heard theinainginf;,
thus, and that he had hiinaeif the ainalleat ahare
in their cDimiiendHtion.s, and that the greater
number, the ten thouaanda, were aarribed to the
young nian^ and when he conaidered with him-
aelf that there waa nothing more wantin>' to Da-
vid, after auch a mighty applause but^the kiog-
doni, he began to be afraid and suapicious of
DWid. Aurordinjfly, he removed him from the
atation he _ was in before, for he was hia annor.
bearerKWrhii'h out of fear siemeil to him much
too iiear4< station fur him; and so he made him
captain ov\r a thora:ind, and best>>wed on hiin a
post bctlei; ipdeed in itsell', but, aa he thought,
more fur hlsoVrii aecurity; ibrhe had a mind to
aend hiin againatthe eiiiniy, and into battles, ar
hoping he woutuxbe vlaiu in auch dangeroiis
conllicia. \ ■
%. But David had G^d going along with him
whithersoever he weiilt»\ and accordingly he
greatly prospered in his undertakings, and it was
visible tliat he had mighty^NSueress, in<>omuch
that Saul|a daughter, who whS still a virgin, fell
in love with hiin; and, her alTection so Tar pre-
vailed over her that it could iiot^ conce.Ued,
and hej father became acquainted with\it. Kow
Snul heard this gladly, as intending to iVlttkc uae-
of it for a snare agaiiiat Dnvid. ami lie hoped
that it would prove the caiiae of deatrni li'ii ^nd
of hazard to him; so he told those that inliirmeirt,
him of his daughter's alTection, that he woidd ■
willingly give David the virgin in marring, and-'
said, " I en;raee myself to marry my dau^nter tu
himi if he wilrbrin|; mtisix hundred henila of my
eDeniics,* (suppoaing that when ■ reward ao
ani|ile was pniposed tj Iiini and when he shbnid
timx tu get him grei^t ftlury. by uiidert^ikin^ a
|hin^ ao dangei-ous and incredible, he wnil.l lui-
mediately set abniit it, and so periih by the Phi-
were not /amti'n* with onr other rople*,Illl^Jt>'alf>
wIMi Josephus'a •■opy, seems somewhat pro>ialii«, fioin
1 Sam. sirlx. 4, where nl! rallies say, t'lai It was arttll -
tlie lieads of snrh riillisiines lliat David B[U(bt ree on
ciieliiuiaelf to bis master Saiil. . '
/ -
te-'
BOOK VI.-CHAP. XI.
ISO
liitine*,) and my dciigBi about him niti lurceed
finely to my mind, for I ihall bt; frrrd from him,
and get him (lain, not by royMlf, but by another
man. $o he gave order to hit Mrvanli to try
how David would rcliah thii propoial of marry-
ing the damtel. Accordingly, they bcf(nn to
tprak thua to him, that king »a\i\ loved him, at
well at did all the people, and that he wat'deti-
rouiof hit affinity by the uiarria|;e of tliit damtel.
To which he (^ave thit anawer: ■■Secmeth it i(>
you a. light thing to be made the kin^'t lon-in-
lawl^ It dora not teem to to m«, eaprcially when
I am one of a family that it low, and without
any glory or honor." Now when Saul wna in-
formed by hit aervautt what aptwer Uayid. had
niade, he laid, "Till him that I do not want any
money nor dowry from him. which would be ra-
ther to let my (lanj^hter to tale than 10 give her
in marriage, but i deaire only tuch a anu-in-luw
u hath in biiii furtitude, and all otlier kindt of
virtue, (of which li« taw David WB« puaaetned,)
and that hit deaire wai to receive of him, on ac-
count of hit marrying hit daughter, neither gold,
' nor lilrer nor that he rhould bring tuch wealth
out of hit father't houae, but only aonie revenge
on the I'biliatinca aud indeed lix humlred utV
their heads, than with a mor« deairable nr a
more gloriout present could not be brou(;ht him,
and that he had much rather obtain thit than any
of the accuttomed dowriea for hit daughter, vit.
that the ahould be married to a man ol thut cha-
tacter, and to one who had n tettimpuy at having
conquered hit eiiemiet."
3. Wh#i thete. wordi of Saul were brdught to
David, fBn wat pleated with them, and luppoterl
that Saul wat really desirous of Ihit afiinity with
him; *o that n^ithout bearing to deliberate any
longer, or casting about in hit mind whether
what wa» proposed wat possible, or wat diiiieult
or not, he and hit cumpanioni immediately tit
upon the enemy, and went about duin^ what w/as
proposed at the condition of the nmrriagc. Ac-
cordingly, because it wat God who made nil
thinei easy and potsible to David, he slew. many,
[of the Pbilittinet,] and cut olT the heads of; si.\
iiundrcd of them, and came to the king, anif by
tbowing him these heads of the l'hiliitines« ru-
qnired that he might have hit daughter in inur'
care and be absent the nnit day, for that he would
talute hit fnthrr, and, if he met with a fnviirablu
o|)|»rluiiity, he would dinrourse wilh him about
hnn,nnd leurn the came ol'l<is disgusl.and show
how little ground lh> re wiis fur it, anjd that fur it
he ouglit not to kill a ninii that' hud dime to many
good things ti> the multitude, and hud be»u •
enefuctor to himself, on accuunt of whioh he
oiight in reason to obtain punlon, had he^becB
guilty of the grvutckt crimes; and I will tll«n in-
toriii.thecofniy lather't resolution. ArroMl^ljy
David com|ilied with suih advantngenut advitiw
and kept himtelf then out of the king't sight. V
2. On' the next day Jonathan tame to Snul4a
toon at he saw him in a oheerliil and joyful (lit-
ti'iaitionvand began to intruducen disconrseabuui
Javid: "What unjuiit nrtiiin, O fiither, eilhet
little or great, hast' thou found so cxcepti'mable
in- Duvi:l, us to induce thee toorder iit tr ilay a
man «^ho hiilh been of great advantage to thy
own preservation, and nf still greater to the
punishuient oV the riiiliHtluet.' — » man who hath
delivered the jieoplo of iho Hebrews froiu r«-
firoach and derision, Wlii( li they, underwent foi
arty days togetlier, when he alone had courage
enough to tusluin the ch»lli;ngc of Iheadv^rsary
and after thut brought as many brails of our
enemies ns he wat appointed to bring, and had
1IS n reward for the saine, mv sister in uiarriagc;
inwnnirh that hitdeuth would be very surriiwl'u|
tuns, not only on account of his virtue, but or.
accouotofihe neurne.is of unr t^elution, for thy
ilau^hter must lie iDJurid at tlie same time that
he is fdaiii, and must lie obliged to eNperienee/
widowliood, befjrc slie rmi i:oino to ehjiiy any/
advantage fi'ointht^irmii<uali'ouversalioii. Con-
sider these things, niid clLinge your mind to a
more merciful temper, uiid ili> no in-iirhief In
a man, who, in the lirtt p Inee, hath di>,ie us tin
|;rratest kindliest of pretcrvin^ thee; I -r ivli« ii
an evil spirit and deiiraiis had seized upon thvi ,
be cust them out,' and procured rest to thy soiil
from their incursiunt: ami in the seroiKl place,
hath avt nged us of our enruiies; for it is a bu«e
tl.ing to forget siichbeiieiils." So f»uu I was pa-
cified with these words; and tWarc to his sou
that he would do David no hamij for a rigbleOui
discourse proved too hard for the king's auger
riage. Accordingly, Saul, having no way ufigvtlSi'ilnd fear. So Jonathan- sent for David; and
— ■ ■ ■ biroiight him good news frimi hi» father, that hi:
wat to be pnsefred. He. ulto bnmght him to
his father; and David cuutinued with the king at
formerly. *
3. About thit time it was, that, upon the fhl
littinet making a new ex|icdition against the
Hebrews, Saul tent David wilh an army to fight
with them; and joining buttle with them, be
tiew many of them, and tifler hit viotury he re-
turne^l to the king. But bis reception by Saul
wat not at he expected upon surh tuceess, for he
was grieved at his prosperity, beeause he thou|;ht
be wuujd be more dangerous to liiiii by having
acted to glori'ouslv: but when the <leiu6uia<:ali
spirit came iinon liim.and put him into disorder,
and disturbed him, he called lor David into hit
bed-chamber wherein he lay, and having a tpear
in his hand, h««ordcrcd him to chariii'>hiui with
playing on bis harp, and with tinging hymns;
which, when David did at hiscommaud, he with
great force threw the spear at him, but David
wai awbre of it before it came, and avoided it,
and fled to hit own house, and abode there all
that day.
4. Bat at night the king sent ofSiceri. and
commanded that he should b^ watched till th«
_ . .. "If. -
ting oflT hit cngagemcntt, a» thinking it a /base
thing either to teem a liar when he proiuiie<l
him thit marriage, or to appear to have .acted
treachcroutly by him, in putting him upon what
ivai in a manner impottibie, in order to have him
slain, gave bim hit daughter in marriage: her
name wa« Michal. /
CHAP. XI. i
ftov David, upon Saul'i hying Snartitor him,
did yet acape the Dangertne margin, by the
Affection and Care of Jonathan, ^nd Ihefion-
tnvaneetqfhii wife Michat: and hoikheceane
to Samuel the Prophet. I
, } 1. However. Saul was not disponed to.per-
aevere long in the ttate wherein b6 was; for
when he taw that David wai in |;^at esteem,
both with (iod and with the multitikle, be wat
afraid: and being not able to conceal^hii icar a*
concerning great things, hit kingdbiiiv and his
life, to be depriveddf either of whicjn wat a very
great calamity, he resolved to have David tluin,
and commanded hit ton Jonathan and hit most
^faithful servant* to kill him: but Jonathan woii-
ctered at hit father's change with relation to Da-
viti, that U should be made to so great a degree,
from %bowinr him no small good-will, to contrive
how to havtliini killed. Now, because he loved
the young mail, and reverenced him for bit virtue,
he infomiedi 1|im of the secret charge hit father
had given, ■nd.what his inientiont were con-
morning, lett he should get unite away, that he
might nqme to the judgment-hall, and so miil|it
be delivered up, and condemned and slain. Biit
when Michal, David's wife, the king't daughter, ^
uaderttood what her father designed, ehe came .
to her husband, at having small hopes of his dc'
earning him. However, he advised him to take iivcraace, and as greatly concerned about bar
130
■B>.
ANTIQUITIES Of THE JEWS.
own Ufa ilio, for the conlJ lintjinv^to lira in
nui the were d('|in<)«(l »( him; 'mill •hn laid,
'■ Let not llieiuii liwl tlicc liefe wlicii.it rinct, for
if it do, Idat willlia the iHitiiiue it will wrthet!':
flyaway then while the nivhl iiiny nlTord th«<t
.i|i)iorlHiiity ; unit may (iort lt'ii|rthen it for thy
»»kt'. r»r know tills, tbkt if my fitihrr lind thr«,
thuu art a dead iiiu.n." So ihe let hiiii-ttowii by
a rord gut oC the wjiidnw, nml lavcil hliii: iii#l
after >b« had done lo, the litlfd up abed for.hiin
aiif he w«re nick, mid put under the bed-clotheiK hit futlier had no Huch intention, lince he would
.Vt
a goat'a liver;* and wlien her father, at toon ai
' it wsi day, aent'lo leize linvid, ibe said tu tlinii'
that were thercr that he had not been well that
• liighl, and nhowed them the bed royered, and
made ihini believe bv the leaping of the liver,
. which caiiKrd'tlie bed-clothes to move also, that
. David brtitthed like one that WHS astlijiintlc. So
when those tliat were seiil told Saul that David
had not, been w'" ih the ni|;ht, he ordered him
to be brought in that condition, for he intended
to kill htm. iNow w-ben they canic nnd uiicuver-
cd the bed, ^nil fuuiid out the wonian't cnotri-
vance, they told it to the kin^; and when ner
l.ilher coninlained of her that aho had saved his
— yiieiiiy, and had pot a trick upon himself, she
.invented this plausible dt.lrnce.for herself, aiid
•aid, "That when he threatened tci killdier, she
I lent him her ostiHtunce for his preBerynlion. out
I of fear; far which her assi«lauce she oukIiI to
be forgiven, because it Was not done of her ij/ku
'. free choice, but nut of nciessily ; for, (said «ne,)
I do not suppose that thou vvust so zenloiia to
kijl thy enemy ns thou wnst that I shouUf be
i(n*ed. Accordingly Saul for^ve the damsel;
but David, whvn he had e«'tt)>ed thiM don({t,r,
came tO'the prophet SnniucI to llnmah, and told
him what snares the king had hiidfor biiH,aiid how
K« was *'ery near to dtafh by Saul's throwing a
■pear at biin, although be hail been nowayguMly
with relation to him, nor had >.k been cowardly
in his battles with his enemies, but had succeed-
^a\ well in them all, by .God's nskistance; which
Mag waa indeed the cause of S&iit'i hatred
to David.
5. When the prophet waa made .itqqa.iinled
with the unjuat procejidinga of the kin^, he left
the city Ramah, and took David with him, to a
certain placakCalled JVaioth, and there he abode
writbJiiiu. But when it w)ii told Saul that David
waa with the prophet, he sent suldiera to him,
and ordered them to take him, and bring him to
him: and when they came to Suiiiiiel, aiid found
there a rongrrgation of prophets, they became
paftakera of the Divine Spirit, and began to nro-
phesy ^ which wh^n Saul heard of, he keiit others
to David; who prophesying in like manner as did
fbe first, he.again sent others; which thir^ aort
propheaying Blao, at last be Waa angry, and went
' thither in great haste himself; and when he was
juat by the place, Samuel, before he raw him,
nrade him prophesy also. And when Snut raiiie
to, him, \ie waa disordered in. niind,f and under
the veheipent agitation of a spirit, and putting
off his'gttrments,) he. fell down, and lay on the
ground all that day and night, in the preaencc of
Samuid and David. .'
* Since the modern Jew* have lost tlieiifniflaation
ofthe Hebraw jyord. herb iiieil, Cttir; andidnrc tbe
LX&II, a« well i(a Joaephus, render it the llmr of the
goat, and alnce tliit rendering, uiid^jnseplius'a arroiiiil,
are here ao much more clear and prolial>leUiantlios<-or
otherstitta^lmoaiunBrcauntalilelliatniiri-onmiciitatoFa
■bouM an niurhaa hesitate aliout itatriie inlcrpretatiou.
t'l'heae violentahd wildaeitatinnirur Banlweniiu
nie to liave lieen nomhesthnn dcinonlarul; and tliat the
aame demon wliirh used lo oeivf hint siiire lie waa for'
•aken of tied, and which the divine liyninsnnd paalinii
, Whfch were i«ni hy the harp ofJlnvM, used to cvfcl,
' Waa now in a judirial way hrou^hi upon him, not only
In order to disaitjioint hia inlentiona agninat innorent
David, but to cuKMojiini to the laughter and ^oiitenipt
•f all that aaWiOhiia, or lieard of tlipse liia ncitationa.
aaeli Tiolcnt and wtid agitattona being never ohayrved
6. And David went thence, and name to Jona-'
than, the ton of Saul, and laiiienird to him what
anarrs tvcru laid for him by his father; and said,
that "though he had been guilty of no evil, nor
had ofl'ended against hii\i, yet he was very leal'
oua to gi't him killed." llereii|)on Jonathan ex-
horted him not to give rredit to bia own auspi-
rinns, nor to the calumnies of those that nilseil
those ireports. If there were any that did so, hut'
In depend on him, and take courage; for that
ire gone abroad, ' It is
asurc Ihyse^that no
ni.'iy be fjuVliU^Jiiit
icrHi'-e, iflR wifibe n
3 flesignngatnst me.
have acfjuaintrd hi'ni wjth th.nt puitter, and taken
bis advice, had it been so, ai he used to cuii^lt
with hyn in common when bo acted in other
affairs. Rut David aware to him, that aojt was;
and he draired kini rathei; to believe bim.Iand to
provide for hia anfety, than to despise what he.
with great sincerity,' told him: that he would be-
lieve what he said, when he should cither tee
him killi'd liimsrlf, or Icjiirn it upon inquiry from
others; and that thf reason why bis fatlior did
not tell hihi of these things, waa tliiai that he'
knew of .the friendship and affection that he bore
towards him. X,^
7. Herenpon,when Jonathan found that this i^
tentton of Saul's waa so well attcated, hfc asked
him, *• What he would have hiin do for him."
To-which David replied, "I am aensiblo that
thou nrtnjillii;; to gratify me in every thing, and
procure me what I desire. Mow to-niorroW Is the
new moon, and' I waa i^ccustonied to sit down
then with the king at supper; now if it seem good
to the«^ I wiHgouut oflnecity, and conqcarniy-
aelf. prlv:ite|y there; and if Saul inqdire why I
am alVsiiiit, tell him tKat I am gone to my cnvn
city Bethlehem, to kern a festival witft niy own
tribe; nndadd tbia also, that thou gave-tune
leavesp to do. And if be say, aa ir usually sxid
in the caao of friends that are gone abroad,*' tt is
Well that he went,' then aaaurc ihyseL'
latent miachi<vf or enmity hi.iy ' '
hands: but if hf answer othcrni
sure sivn that he hath some flesignfVgah
Accordingly,- ihOu shall inform lue of thy father':)
inclinations'; and that out of pity to my case, and
out of (tiy fri< ndship for me,us instnncea of which
friendship thou bast vouchsafed to accept of the
aasurancci of niy love to thee, and to give the like
as'surances to nie, that is, those of > maater to
his servant;' butf if thou diacovereat any wicked-
neaa in iiie\ do thou prevent thy father, and kill
me thyself." ,,
8. Biit Jonathan hrnnt these latt worda with
indignatiulVi'and. promiaed to do what be deaired
of hini, and to infonn him if hia father'a anAver*
Jinplied any thing of a melancholy nature, and
any eniuitv against bun. And thai-he might the
more firmly depend. Upon hint, he took bini out
into the ^ open neldj into the pure air.and aware
that he would negWct nothing that n>igbt tend to
the prcar/valion oHDavid; audi he said, "lap-
peal to .that Uod,/who, ns tholi seest, is diffused
every where, and knonVth this intention of niine,
before 1 explain itAn words, as the Titcesaofthia
my cpveuHnt. with /thee, that I will not leaTB^ff
to make frequent, trials of the purpose of niy
fatber, till I J|jBavn whether the.re be any lurking
tn true jironlieta, wlien they were under the inspiration
of the l^niru of <>all. Oiir other copies, widch ray the
Kpirit of Kodranio upon hini, acem not ao rlirht here aa f
Joiif|)liua'Kr6py, which inciitlona nothing of God at all.^
Nor doca JiwephUB aoeni to aacrihc thiaimpulae and cc- .
^laay of I'aul'aJD any olher than to his old denioniaral
«plrit, whirh on'nll arroynlii appears (he moat prohaMoii
No'r does tl:e former (lesi'ription of Haul's real inspirn* -
tlon hy he nivtnn Spirit, 1 :i*aiii. x. 0— IS; Aniiq. B. vib
ehnp.iv. aerl 2: which was before he waa become wfc™.
ed, leelt arret with the dencriplion liefore ua. ^
t V\''lu<t U iiicaiit liy f:nura lying deWn naked all that '
day and alt that nighi, 1 Bam' xij. 34, and whether any
more than Inylnj aaide hla royal apparel, or upper gar-
ineiKa, aa Joacphna aeema to undentand It, is byno
•-'- Seethe Ubteoii Anthi.^B. »iul. eb-xhr
means rertain
sect."
I
.■'.)■'
"^f'\
BOOK VI.— CHAP. Xir.
181
riiitfn^pcr in tli« (Circtrat pnrt> of hii< miil; md
wh«n I hnvp liiirnt it, I will not coni'i'iil it rrnni
lh*rj.but will ili«<civ«Til to «hpi', whttlirr ht| t)e
gently ur |ii'evialily dit|iu;<r(l; l.n- tliia (iixl hiin-
•«l( liiiuwii. that I pr*> ht: iiiii}' ^nlivnyi he. with
Ihcr.Ur hr '» with tli<>«iii)W,i>ii(VtyiH hot fjrwiku
4|irV) iiid will iiiiikr llici' iiiiivrinr l.> llriiiv eiir-
mii'ii, whether my father b« oiio of thi'iii, or
wlu^llier I iiiyulf bti hiicIi. Do tlioii iiiily- re-
iiieiiibfr what we now do: iiiu! it it fnll out ihut I
die, prr>«rv« iiiy ctiihlreiitilive^BJid requi;le what
kiiicliie»«'» Ihiiu hti^t now rereivi'it, to them."
VV'lien III' hud tliiia iWiirii, lie iliiiniMfd David,
bidding him go to a rrrlnin nluce of Ihnt plain
wlicrcui he used to perf.inu ni* exerrinex, lor.
that nil Hi'On kh he knew the niiud of hia fiither,
he would coiiiii llillhi'ix (o him, with one aervant
only: and "il' (anys lie) I thoot three durta at the
mark, and then bid my aervaut to carry theae
three durta uwny, for tliiy are befortv him, know
thou that thcre'ia no niiavhief to be feared from
my father'; but if thou heareat nie any the con'
trory, expert the conttniy from the k\iig: how
ever, thou alialt f;ain ocurlty by my niciina, and
yhalt by no meuna auAirr any harm; but «<^e thou
doat not forget what I have deaired of thee, in
the tipie oftliy proaperily, ami be atrvirenble to
my children." Now David, when he had re-
ceived theae naaurancea from Jonathan, went hia
way to theiplace ap|)ointed.
'9. Uut on the next <luy, which waa the new
nioonfithe king, when he had .purified himaelf,
Bf the cu«tuiii waa, came to aupiier; and when
there lat by him hii ion Jonathan on hia right
hand, and Abneri the captain of hii boat, on the
other hand, he aaw pavid'a aeat waa tnipty, but
■aid nvthring, auppoaing that he had not piiriricd
hiniaelf aince he had accompanied ^(h hia wife,
and 10 could not bie preaent; but when he aaw that
he wai Dot there tho.' aecoitd day of the month
qeither, he inquired of hia aon Jonathan why the
ion of Jeaae did not coiue to the aupper and the
fcMt, neither the day before nor that day. So
Jonathan said, that "he waa> gone, according to
the a^reeinent between them, to hia own city,
where hia tribe kept a fcativul, and that by hia
yeroiiaaion: that he alao invited him to come to
theiir sacrifice ; and, (aays Jonathan,) if thou wilt
(ive ni^ leave, I will go thither, for thou know-
cat the good-will that I bear him." And then it
waa that Jonathan underatood hia futfaer'a hatred
to David, andjplltinly aaw hia entire diaposition;
for Saul could not reatrain hia anger, but re-
ptoached Jonathan, and icalled him the aon of a
. runagate, and an enemy; and aaid, " He waa a
partner with David, and hia aaaiat^Dt, and that by
nil behavior he ■howed' he had no regard to
himself, or to his mother, and would not oe per:
iiuaded of thia; that while' David is alive, tlicir
kingdom waa not secure to them; yet d|d he bid
him send for him, that he might be puniahcd."
And when Jonathan said, in anawer. "What
hath lie done, that thou wilt puniah him?" Saul
no longer contented him«elf to expreaa his anger
■n bare words, but snatched up his spear, and
, leaped upon bim, and Was desirous to kill him.
Ke did liot iiideeid.do^.wbat be intended, because
he was hindered By Jiis friends, but it appeared
plainly to his son that he hated David, and
rreatiy desired to despatch him, insomuch that
he had almo«t slain bis son ^ith' his own bauds
on his account. ' ']
' 10. And then it was that the king's son 'rose
hastily from supp«r; and being not.iible to admit
any tnioS into. ^1* .month for grief, he wept, all
nigtit, both because he had &iins.elf been n^(]
'destruction, apd because the death of I)trrid"<liM.
determined ; b'ii't' asttttitt'iafit "Waidaf ;:fi'e went
out into the plain that w^ before theclty, as
And whi'n Joiiiithan had done what had been
thua a^;r('e I, lit! itimniaai il hia servant that fol-
lowed iiiin, lu rrlurn to the city, but he himself
ivi'llt iiitii the lit xrl, uiid ciiine into hia prcaenre,
and coiitmuiird with him. Set David niipeared,
and fill Hi Joniillinn'ii ft rt, anil bowed down to
hiiiiiiiiid called hlin Ihi.' pri«rrver of hia apul:
but lie lil'li'i) liiiii u|i from tlip mrlh, und they
iiludinlly I'luiirared one anotlii r, iinil iiiaile a long
greeting, and that not withoiil tcira. They also
Inmrnled their ii^e, and that familiarity which
envy would ilcprtre thrm of, and Ihal ariiaralinD
which iiiiiht iiuiv be ixprctvil, which veiiiii'd to
theiil'iio Ixltir thiin lUath il»«lf. So, rcTollect«
ing theiiiselvea at length from their lamenta-
tion, and exhorting mip another to be mindful of
the oatha thry had sworn tu each other, they
parted aaiinder.
* eiiAP. xir.
Ilota David fltd to AhimtUeh, and n/lencarJ In
the Kingioflht PkHfilmts,and tf the. Moult-
itetr^M How'Saul iliw .Ihimtuch andM$
Farnity.
} 1. But David fled from the king, and that .
death ho waa in danger of by him; and came to
the city- of Nob, to Ahinielei-li the jiriiat, who;
w)irn he saw him cniiiing all alone, und iiritliera
friend nor a servant with hiili. he woiKlt-red atit
and draired to learn of him the oauac why there
was noboily with liimf To wliioh David answer-
rii, "That the king hikd comiiiiiniled him to do «
Certain thing that was to bo Kept »pcret,» to
which, if he^iad a mind to know so much, bo bad
no occasion for any ofti to accompany him;
however, I have ordered my servanta to meet me
at audi ami such a place." So he diaired him to
let him have aomewbat to eat; and \hat in case
he would sUpplgr hiui, he would art the part of a
ir!end,.and be assisting to tfie buaiiiess he waa
now.abovt: and when ne had obtained what he
deaired, he aUo asked him whether he had any -
Weapons with him, eitJiersword or IpeaVt Now
there was at Nob a servant of Saul's, by birth a
Syrian, whose name was Doeg, one that kept the
king's mules. The high priest said that he had
no such weapons, but he added, "(Here is the.
sworti of Goliath, which, when thou hadst slain
the Philiatine, thou didat dedicate to God."
2. Wben Pavid had received the' sword, he
fled out of the country of the Hebrews into that
of the Philiatioea, over which Achish reigned:
and when the king's aervanta knew him, and he
was mado known to the king himself, tlie ter-
vants informing hiiu that he was that. David who
had killeil many (en Motlmniff of the ThilistinetJ
David was afraid lest the king should nut him to.
death, and that he should experience tnat danger
from him wKich he had escaped from Saul; soke
pretended to be distracted and mad, so that hia
spittle ran out of his mouth, and .he did other, the
like actions before the king of Gath, which
might make him believe that they profceeded
from such a diatemper. Accordingly the kinr
was very angry with his servants that ther had
brought him a madman; and he gave prdefk thai'
they should eject David immeijliatety [out of the
3. "So when David bad esfapcd in this niinner
out of Goth, he cadie to the tribe of Judah, |^d
abode in a cive by'tbe aiiiy of Adullam. Thmit
Was that iiefHent-'-to bis brethren, and infonned
them where he was, who then came to-him with
all their kindred;' and as many otbert as were
either in want, or in fear of king Sani, came and
made a body togetl|er« and told him theT were
ready to obey his orders: th?y were in all about
four hundred. Wbereijpoj^ he took courage,
now such a force and assistance was coow lo
r
going to perform his exercises, but in reali^ to 'Wn>: so he reniovid thencf, and came to tha
iniorni his friend what disppsition hja father was king of the Moabites, and dcsiied him to enteit-
ia towards him. »s he had agreed wiu^him to do. tain hit parenU in his coiinti^, while the Imm «•
48 '- ^ , »?
138'*
hii afliiri were in luch an uncrruin Condition,
The king cruiiled hliii thiii fHVjir, Hiiil.pHiil |i;r«at
reiiiect tu i>4Vid's parcnllall [ht liiuo they were
with him.
ANTIQUITIES OF THE jpWS.
iin niui. , ' ~ '"'' ' ""•• '''""' >' ofleik. and at other llnict, a*
4. A< for hioitclf, upon the prophet 'icaqjiiiand-. weilaanow. Anil when he luid ni« that he waa
ing him to leave Ijie (leaerl, and 1n^ ^u into' the'
portion u/ tlia triMof J udah.und^biiUi there, he
- (oniplied therewith; and coming to the city of
llareth, which waa io that tribe, ho remained
tln-rc. "Mow when Saul lickrd that David had!
lifen Men witk-> piultitude abAut hini, he fell into
no unall disturbance and trouble; but u* he knew
(liat David waa • held and couragejiua-iuon, ho
j:is|)ected that somewhat extraordinary would
iiypeor from him, and that opcniv also, which
,^ ' noutd make him weep, -and put 'hiui jnlo dis-
in-ss; so he called titgethcr to him his friends
und his cuofmanders, and the tribe from which
hiv was himself derived, to the hill where his
phlace was; and sitting upon a plnce culled
Aroura, his courtiers that werf) la <ii(;iiitio», and
.. ^ ' the guards of hi* body being witli hiiiifTic spiike
•'lus to them; "Vou that are men of my own
li'ibc, I conclude that yuti remember the benefits
, tliat I have bestowed upon you; and that I have
■ ■■ , iiiude aonie of you owners of land, and inade you
. <'>miuunder», and bestowed posts of honor upon
you, and sit some of you over the common |>eo-
(.le, and others over the noldrers; 1 ask you,
therefore, whether you expect greater and iiiore
' (luiiatiohs from the son of Jessul Kor 1' know
that yon are all inrlinable to him, even my own
' son Xbnatliau himself is of that ogjuion, £lid [mr-
. ' suades you to he of the iamc: fo«,;i am'' not un-
•'"■■<iuainted with the onths and the (\jvenantli that
»re between him and Duvid, and that J onutha%is
a counsellor iind an assistant to those that cota-
, spire against me: and none of you areconcenied
^ .., ■ i»*>out thcso things, but you keep^ silence, and
^*>« watch to. sec what will be the upshot of these
Vs.^ tilings." When the king had done his speech,
- , ^ "Ot one of the rest of those thii< Were jiresent
. made any answer; but Do^g (he Syrian, who fad
Ids mules, said, that he sa(f David when h^
canie to the city of Nob to Ahinfelecb the high
iiriest, and that he had learned fulute eveuls by
»•» prophesying: that he received food from him,
and the sword of (iuliath, and^vas conducted by
» ..i • hjm with security to siich us he desired to go to.
'C. Saul therefore sent for the high priest, and
for all his kindred, and said to them, " What ter-
rible orungrateful thing bust thou suffered from
■V iue, that thou hast received the son of Jesse, and
"^ hut bestowed on him both food and weapons,
, . when he Was contriving to get the kiitgdomT
- And further, why didst thou deliver oracles to
•• him concerning futurities? J'or thou couldst not
• be unacquainted that he was lied away froiu me,
and that he hated my familt" But the high
Srieat did not betake himself tdulcny what he had
one, but «onfesaed boldly that*he had supplied
• him with these things, not to gratify David7>but
Saul himself: and he said, "1 did not know that
he was thy adversary, but a servant of thine>
who waa very faithful to thee, and tft^ptaio over
■'■ . •thousand of thy toldiers. and, what is more
than Ihese, thy ap'ki-in-law^ and kinsman.- Men
' '.! do not use to,confer such favors on their ad ver-
•Thtority of Nob wainot a cttjr'allotteiltotlie priests,
nor li«d the prophet*, that' we know of, any particular
ritlea .allotted to them.' It aeems the tabernanle waa
r . ^ nowatNob,atidpfoliablya«clio6lortlu)proplietBWj[a
; • here 8lMi.lt wfa full tiro day^Jouraey On foot rnHnJe-
niaalem. 1 Bam. xxi. S. The number ofprieataliei* alain
in Joafpbusii three hundred and eightyUve, and but
•l«htylSva In our nehrevatoptaa, yet are theytbree hun.
• dted and flT^ln the eeptiut(int. I pitfer Joscphual
- r-'r' . ■uSber.tWiHebfew havinf , I nippoae,^)* dipped
', thebua4nMa,lheolbertheleiie.Tbiadty«rKobaniM
■ ■ *»'».•»• f!«"«''««!*'i Or PorhapBthepBlyaeat of the
baUyoriUumar, whkhhera parlahed.aeeordlnrto
2?*i. "is™' ••"*'•♦''"•««"''>«» JO BlTTBam. U.
t>-^; lU. 11—18. See chap. xl». iwl.^facicalter.
series, but on .those who are f tteemed to bear
the highest good-will and rtsprcl |u than. Nor
is this the first iime that I prttphesird for him
but I have done it often, and at other limes, as
sent by thee in great t>asle to<do somewhat, if I
had fumished him with nolhin(( 4hat he de-
sired, I should have thought that it was-eatherin
cuutradirtion to thee than to him: wherefore, do
not thou entertain any ill opinion of nie, nor do^
thou have a suspicion of whal I'thep thought an .
act of humanity, from what Is n6W'told thee of
David'sattemjils Hj^aintt thee, fur 1 did then to
him as to thy frieiui and son-in-law, and captaio
of atlidusand, and not as to thine adversary."
6.'' When the high priest had spoken thus, h»
did not persuade Saul; his fear was so prevalent,
that he could upt give credit to an apology that
was very just. So he commavded his armed
men that stood about him to killihim,, and all his
kindred; but ns they durst not touch the high
priest, but were more afraid of disobeying (iod
thanl^he king, he ordered Doeg the Syrian to kill
them. Acrurdingly, he look to bin assistanc»
such wicked inep h* were lik< himself, and slew
Ahimelech and his family, who were in all thru;
'hundred and ei|;hty-,live. Saul aUosent to Nob,*
the city of iIhs pritKlii, imd slew all that were
there, without spariii;; either women or (ihildrea,
or »ny other age, aitd burnt it; only there wai,
one, son of Ahimelech, whose name wa^^ Abitf-
thnr, who escaped. However, these things came
to iiass as (iod had foretold to Kli the high priest
when he said that his posterity jihould be de-
stroyiid, on account of the transgressions of hi
two sons.
7. Nitvr, this king Saul,f by pcrpetratlngso bar-
barous a crime, and murdering tne whole family
of the high priestly dignity, by having no pity of
theinfiints, nor reverenemfor the aged, and by
overthrowing the city which tiod had chosen for
the properly, oiul for tjie support of the priest*
und prophets which were llicre, and had ordain-
ed as Ihe-only city allotted for the education 9f
sndi men, gives all to understand and consider
the ditiposition of men, that while tiiey are pri-
vate -person^ and in alow conditign, bemuse it
is not ill their (loivir to indulge nature, nor to
venture upon what lliey wish fur, they are equita-
ble and moderate,, and pursue nothingl>ut wpfit is
just, and bend their whole minims and labork'tlitit
way; then it 14 that they have this belief about
God, that Jhe is present to all the actions of their
lives, aiul that lie does not only *ee the action*
that are done, but clearly know* t|)0«e their'
tlioughts' also, whence those action* do arise:
but when once they are advanced inlopowerand
authority, tUfen they put oA' all such notion*; and
as if they were no other than actors upon a
theatre, they lay aside their dii)j[uised part* and
manners, an^ take up boldness, insolence, and a
contempLpf both human and divine laws; anrf
this at a lime when they eiipccially stand in need
of piety and' rlghleou:)iiess, because they are
then must of all exposed to envy, and all they
Ihink, and all they say. are in the view of all
men; th^n it btithat they become 10 insolent in .
their action*, a* though God aaw them no longer,^
t Thi* section contain* an adanirable leflecthnkpf io-
scphu* conrecning tbeteneral wlckednea* of lAwi in
Rreat authority, and the danncr they are In of rejectinf .
thai regard to Jualire and humanity, Io divine prOri-
denceand the fear of God, Which they either raaHy had,
or iireteBded Io have, while they were in a lower cODdi^
tton. Itcjtn never be loo often peniaed by-king* and '
great men, noi'liyUioaeWho'texncctK^pMainiiicheteira- ,
teddignitiesamonsmankiii'd. Beetlielikereflecliooaqf -
our JoMphn*, Antli|. B. tU. itu i.*eet. ft, at Ibk end, and '
B. vUt ch. x.*eet, S, atlhe beginning. They arttolfee
like parpOit wHb'one branch ttf Agart prayer, 'Dm
thinii have 1 required ofllMe, deiiy it m* notbeUm I
di»: RiTO Bie not rkhes, leail be fuU and deny ttaae, and -
■ay, wHo is the Lord!' Prev; xzx. 7— ».
1
to II
ludl
do M
T
nr were s
and wliati
of by the
elinatioh,
to thein tc
pleasing fa
will come
gard to il
who had J
and afl
when
they do I
' obtained,
Vvc* also,
' luch as, 01
«re increii
Wlions, n
rom calui
nation; a
sei-ve to b
•ble to ki
so us fron
' «ho was
nristocrac
were ove:
hundred |
suspicion
' wickedne:
>thi* a* if
lender Ih
priests ar
ed by slaj
the t'ery
•o other*
8. But
•lone cou
*lain by £
the calam
nf the sle
said, " Hi
follow wii
there; (oi
Eriest^ WQ
ing, and
cause of tl
s(iiy then
he might
else.
How Dm
of km
cemtitf
{ 1. M
how the I
country o
himself t(
should be
him the
that (iod
den onset
nipna, am
nndcarrii
inhabitan
thered iu
it wa* tol
the men <
the great
not confii
were don
•a4.cai!k
.fact a* it
carried tc
when be :
Mid,"Gc
*«iace he
'that hath
■ coamand
suddenly,
it„to kill
this, aAd
the men c
BOOK VI.-CHAP. XlII,
m
1
i ■
•i
or want afraid of iham bceauM of Ihrir ponrfir:
anil «rliatio«v«tr it it (hat lliry rithrr arc afraid
of by Iha rUniori thrjr hear, or Ihey hate by in-
i:lioatJah, or thry lo*« without rraanii, IhriH h>«iii
tothein loba.aukhrntic, and firm, and trur, aqd
plaaninK both to man and to (Sud; hut a> to what
wrUI coinn heraaflcr, (hey have net the Irait ir^-
gard to it. 'I'tiey ralie thoi# to honor indeed
wrhu hadjyen at a great deal of paiiia fur them,
and afuKfilMt honor (h«y rnvy (hem: and
when (raHKfta brought thei^ into hif[h digiiity,
(hey do iHH'onIr deprive (hem of what (hav had
' oUaiDi'd, butVUn, on thnt mrj ai'count, ot (heir
Vret alio, and that on wicked accuMtiom, and
<uch aa, on account of (heir extnivagant nature,
ire iner«diblc. -'ffiey alio puniih men for their
lelioni, not iucb.aa deicrve condenina(ion, hu(
roni caluhinlea and acruiadona withotit eiam-
nation; and thi> rx(enilii no( unlv (o tui'h at de-
•airve (o be puniihed, hu( tu a* iiiany at they are
<bla to kilt. 'I'bit reflection it ouenly confirmed
•o ut from the axampio of Saul, the tou of Kith,
' •ho wai (he firtt king who reiffiied after our
nrittocracy and froveriiinent under th« judget
were over; and tl^ by hia tlnuj^htcr of three
hundred prieitt ftnrpruphi'ti, on uccation of hit
»utpicion about Ahi|iivlrch, and h\ the additional
' wickednett of this overthrow of their city, and
J thii at if he were endeavoriuK in iiuinic tort to
render the temple [tabefniicle)d<'^tilute,b(ithof
prieitt and prophe(t, which endeavor he ahow-
ed by tUylni; to man^ of (hem, and iio( iul)'erin|i;
the i'ery city bcloiiginK to theiii (o remain, (ha(
to odiert might lucccea them.
S. But ANathar the ton of Ahimelcch, who
alone could be saved out of the family of prieitt
alain by Sault Ued to David, and informed mm of
(he calamity (ha( had befatten (heir ftimily, and
i)f (he ilaugh(er of hit father; who hereupon
laid, " He wai not unappriaed of what would
follow with relation (o them when he taw Uoeg
there; fbrhe hadthcria luapicibn thu( the hieii
trieit^ would be_^Uelv accused by him to the
ing.and he blamed himtelf aii having been (he
cnuaeofthitmiafortuue." Uut.he deaired hinilp
t(iiy there and abide with bim, a* in a place where
he might be better coticealei^ than any where
elie.
CHAP. XIlI.
Hou David, when he had luice the Opfjprtijntiy
of kiUin/r Haul, did not kill him. Jllmchn-'
ceming iht DtalK of Samutl and ^abal.
i I. ABatlT thit (iiue it ivat that Diivld beard
how the Philiitinet had made an inroad, into the
countryofKeilah,and fbbbed it; no lie'olfertd
■ himself to fight agiiinit them, if God, when he
should be conaulted,by the prophet, would grant
him the victory. And when the prdphrt iaid,
that (iod gave ar aigiml of victoi^, h« umde a sud>
den onaet upon the PKiliitines with hit conipa-
nipna, and he ihed a great deal of (heir blood,
imd.carried ofT. (heir prer,- and itayedwitlV the
Inhabitanta of iweilah, tiU they had leciirely ga-
thered iu their corn and th^ir fruiu. However,
i(waa (old Saul (he king, (ha(. David wat wi(h
the men of Kc'ilah; for What had been done, and
the great lucceii that had attenilcd him. Were
not confined Among (he pee>)e where the thuiga
were done, 6ut Ih^fanie or it weiiC all abroyu,
an4.cank: (o (he hearing of others, and bo(h the
.fact at it itgod, apd the author of the' fact, were
carried to the king's can. Then j^t Saul clad
: when he heard lhat,I}avid wat in XTilah; and be
^ tMd."God hath non itut'faim in;to my hands,
'Slice he hath obliged niin to come into a ci(y
'(hat hath walla, and ga^s, and bare." So he
- commanded all (he people to set upon Keilah
soddenW, and whc^they had besieged ^nd lakes
. itikto kill Pavid. But when David perceired
this, and learnM of God, that if he stayed there,
' themenorKeilah would deliver bim up to'Saul,
he took bit four hundred men, knd retired into a
desert (hat wat ovitr agnjnil a city calliMJ Kngedi.
Ho whei. the king hiard that ha was Hed away
from the men of Keilah, he left pif bit aipadl*
tiun airainst him. '
3. Then David removed thence, and came to.a '
certain place, calb'd the New Place, belonging In
7Ap\\; where Jonathan, (he ton of Saul, came (o '
hiin.and *Hlu(ed him, and eximrtrd bini to be of
gojtil courage.^nd to hope will %» lo hit condi-
tijMiereafter, and not to deipoiid at hit pretcnt
ciroiniitancet, fur (ha( he thuuld be king, and
have nil the forcri ^f the llibrewi Hnilcrhim;
biit l»ld him, that ouch hnp|iiiir»s u»i't lo comr
with great labor and paint; thry alto took nalhii,
that tney would all tlieir lives lo^g continue in
gnoil-will and fidility one to anothfr; mid ht>
called (iod tu wilne**, at lo what eiecratioui hi*
made upon Iriuitelf, if he thVuld ,lran«griiit;hi«' '
cuverfi|i>t,nnd thuuld cbungi' Iu a cuhtrary befiu-
Vtbr. So Jonathnh teft< hiift thrre, having; ren-
dereil hit caret aniHfeaft^iumrwhat lightrr, and
rrturned home. IVow the men of ZJph, tu giM-
tify Haul, informed him that David abuili! with
(hem, and [amurcd bimj that if he would conir
tj'lhi'ui. thrJr Would deliver hiui up, to thnt if (hr
king could aeiic on the ttraiti uf /iph, David
Cdiild Jiot escape to any otiirr people. ' H" thi'
kinc c'onmieiidrd thnii, and coulVtoii^d tlisit he
hna reason to thauk thclii, birauac thvy had
given bim inforiimtiou of hit cnriiiy ; and he pro-
III iti'd them thnt it tl^uuM nut liu lung ere he
would rei|uite their kiiidiiis^. He altu tr.nt iiiei»<
to teek fur David, and tu tei\n'h the wilderncta
wherein he wnt; andlir unswrrrd, Ihut he hiin-
telf wuuld follow (hem. - Acconlingly, (hrv went
liefure the king, tu hunt fgr, ijnd Iu cnlch Dnvi^l,
iiml u«rd eiiiiinvort, nrt( unly (i> tbow tlieir
good-will (o Snul, bv iiil'uriniiig bitu where his
rnehiy wns, ()ii( tu eviiliiicc (he sniiie lunre plain-
ly by ikiliveriag him up intu tiin poivir. Kiit
thrne men failed nf tl^si' tlieir unjust and wicki il
(leKiret, who, wliilii tney uiiilrrwiiit no h.iii.i>nl
by nut diicnveriiig such un Duibition of revealing
this to Snul, yet did they faUcly arcuti', and pro-
inf«e to deliver up,va nihil btluvvd of (iod, and
due that «vas uiiiuHtiy tuu^ifht foi- to bi' put to
fleuth,'nud one Uiu( mi^hl nihcrwite huvu lain
coni'cnled, and (hi* out of ilnlterv, and expectu- -
tioii of gniii from the king; for wlien lliivid >vas
apprized of the inalipmnt intcntiiin of the men
of Ziph, aiid of the approach of Saul, he U'f( (hn .
'i<(niitt"of(hn( country, and lied (u the great rock
that wnt in the wilderiiett of Miuin; .4.
% Hereupoti, Saul made hatt^- to purtnhim
thither; far at he was mnrchiiig, he iKarntdTthnt
DnWd wns gotfe away from (lie simi(»of Ziph,
and Saul removed (ojhe uther side of (he rock.
Itut the report that, the I'hilistines had agiiili
made an incursion into, (he country of the Tle-
breWt, called Snul another way from the liurtui'
nf^David, when lie wan ready tu be cnuglit; foi
he. returned back again lo oippute tliotc Philit-
linei, who were naturally their encmirt, atjudg
ing it more neccttary to avenge himsijTf ol them
than<to take a gi'eut deal of pajpi to catch an
eueiny of his own, and (0 overlook (be ravage
(ha( was nfadtt in the land. • ,
4. And by this nu'tins David unexpectedly cs-,
caped out x>f ihe danger he was in, aiid came to
the straits of Rngedi. And when Saul biid dri-
ven the Philiatines out of the .and there Mia.
'somemesseDgers, who told hm|!lbat4)avidnode'
within (he boundtwf Rnged): to he tooklihree
thousand rhosiin men that wcriB armed, and made
haste to him, add when he wa^not far Warn (hose
places.' he saw ■ deip and hpllW oavjf by the
way tide; it was opeii to ri great leof^h and
b(!epdth,.and (hei^ it was that David with hisj
four hondred men were concealed. When' there-
fore he had occasion to ease nature, he entered
into it^ himielf alone; and being tccp by one
.;{?■
(»t
ANTIQI'ITIKS or Tiir. 3K\\H.
\-
of hiiviil'i rnnipaiiioni, mill h» thiU mW him.
•tiyiiig tu him, (lint ■■l«! Imit now, by (iiMl't pro-
' vidatnic, nil ci|i|iurtiinily u( nviinfifiiiK liMiiaell ul
' liit ■ilvifanrvi •ml uuviajiii; liim tu i ul oil hlfi
lieiiil, and DilrlWer lilmiiil' nut o( (hut tviltou*
waiulcrinKruuilition, Hiiil tlieilUtrt-M lir wni in,"
he r<»<i tt|>, anil only cut oil' tfir iikirt ul' lh»l j^hT'
iiirni whirh Si'iil liiwl un. Hut ittoii Id- rc|n'iil<:<l
nf what h<r li.nl iliinr; auH iiaiil^lt wiui nut riKht
to kill bini that «»■• hin niH>l«r, iiiid one nliiiin
Ctoil hiiil lliotiKht worthy of tiff. kin;;i(lvni: "I'ur
lh«t HUIioiit;h h(^ w< rti'wicki'iity diiiiidalil t«w»r(l|
UH, yf t dot'H it not b< h()Vt^ji|if to Ix- ho diii|nt»H('il
lownrdu liiin," llul wIrtjipiMl iwi lil'l thcciive,
Duvid rnuie near, an^l Jt)>«l^^ny ulnud, Had ilc-
•Ireit Haul U> hriir liiA - wfirEKupun the kfn||^
turnrd hit fana back, had DuVid, iiccurdinyj ti)
cuatqni, Cell down uu hia ficor bi'l^iri' th« king,
and ftuwiil to liiai; and i^iin, "0 kinji;, thuu
ouf;(il<'>t not to hriirkrn to ttiikvil nun, liur to
aui^lt, ui> (urgt caluniniea, iiuf tu KrntiiV tliriii/o
fur «i to btliuvs whiit tlisy my, lior- to rntff-
(uin xiiipiciohi of lueh U4 Hf« your Ui'<t IViimU,
but lojiiil)((i ofthn dirpoiiition oridliiHuby their
r ■clioiii, fur cultiiuny ili'luilcs nivu, but iiii-n'tDWn
artinua arc H rli-arrlrlfionitmtion of tlirir kind>
niHO, Wonia inderd, ia* tlujr una nature, amy
Ins I'ilhir true or CiUr, but tara'a uclion* ixpoxr.
Ilicir ialnillonn hnkodly tQ pur view, liy thr*r,
tlicrt.t'iiri', it will bo well fur thee (u liitieve nie,
111 to lay ri'i^nnl to thee and to thv lioufi', atui
not to bt liuve thuae that fruine iui:n lU'Cu^ntion<
u^uili't iiiG lu neveT CHiae iato niy aiiiiil, uur are
)i iHsible to be executed, and do (hit larttirr by
|iiirauiii2 uftiT niy life, and hiivu no cunrrrn
either iTay or night,vbitt hoW to coin|)aHH liiy life
■ad to niardcr me, which thing I think thoudoat
unjustly proaecute. I'ur how coi'iiua it uhouT,
Ihut thou lia|t eiubmced Ihia I'lilsc ouiiiioii hboiit
ine^.aikif I had a dtnire tokil) tlire? Or how fiiiut
(hou t'UHiX the crime of inipiely taw:»r(la t',»d
when thou wiaheat thou
thine advenary, u iiinn
thia dily to avcnj^e hiniaelf, utid to pi
but would not do itv nor ii^kc uxe of auch iin op'
pot'tunity, which, if it had tallin out to thee
■guinit me, thou hndat not let it allp; for when 1
cut off the skirt of thy giiriacnt, I could h«ve
don%.the •nnie to thy' head?" So he showed
him the piece of his guriiii'iit, und thereby nifde
blai agree to what he said to be true; wnd.
added, " I, fur certuiny have abstained froai ta-^
king a just revenge upon thee,* yi t art liiounot
•abanutd tu'proaecutii me with unjuit hatred:
May Ond do justice, and determine about ea);h
of our ditpositioas." ^But Siiul was eiinicennt
(he atnla^e delivery he had recuiviil; «nd being
greatly ull'ected with the' ntoderat juii iiiid di^tfiu-
aitton of the young luun, he groaned: ami .when
David had (lone the anaie, the king unswerrd,
that "he had the jAjttX bccasibti.to groan,, for
thou hast been the author of good to me,«t.I
have been the author of calaiikity to thee. AAd
tKou bast, demonstrated this day, that thou ])os-
lessest the righteuuaneas of the aircieuti, wh6
determined that men ought to s»vc their enemies,
though they caught thoiii in a desert place. I
■■■ liow persuaded , that Rod reserves the king-
dom for thee, and that thou wiU obtain the do-
minion overall the Hebrews. Give nie thenas-
auranCe. upon oath, that tlion wilt nqt root out
ju''^ faiiii|y, nor, out of reinemhrance of i^at evil
'I Iiave (lone thee, destroy ply posterity, bnt "ve
and preserve my house. So David sware a* he
*ThiaphraMin Daviil'i speech to Oaul, a> Ntdown
M loaeplnu, that ha had abatained from ja*t mtngt,
Dutame in mind of the like wordi In the ApoMolical
CanaUtutk>na,B. vii. chap, il.thal 'retrenge ia not evil,
bntpatienceia mora hopotable.' ..
' f Thenumherof mentlMtcanieflrBtt6David,aredis-
tliicUjr lnJ(|^pliiia,Bnd inoureomwoh copies, bill four
I V ,u mil (iivf I VJi iiii.v riiii^i
e of ininiety towifrda tlod,
lou CuuhUt kill, and dctmeat
ia wlio ha|l it ^ his |>oWer
liiniself, and to puaisli thiie^
deairrd, and smt bar|| M\i\ to his own kin^loia,
but 'he, and ihiiM' tiiat vlxra with hinu Wrii1(l^n|i
to the Btrai(<iil'Mii<thrrn(h.
5. About this time ^laalUel flin pm|ihi't diett
He wilt a mail wlmni l1i« llabrriva hynonq^ in
an extraonlinarf lUgree; for. that lamrntaftan..
whliih the prop),- made lor him, and (hia du^ng '
a liiug tiaii', niunifcttril hi-) virlaF,.anil th'a ajh'e-
lioii which the people bore fol' him; ai ul«0 disk
the solemnity and concern that jipprnrrd aliout
hU funeral, and about the comnl<i^' ubservatAm
bf all hit funrril rites. They miriei) him irf hi*
own city Kainah; pnd wept fur him it'very K>^<>(
Bunibc'r of dilya, liot looking on it lis a sorrow for
the death of nuolher aiua, but a* that in which
they iiierc every one tlirmaelvo iianirned, H*
waa a rightruua ainn, and ^(entle (n.hia iial&fe
and on tlitit account he was lery di.ivr (o tiod.
Now he governed aail prtsldod uvi r (he people
aloa<'. alter (he dra(h of Kit (lie hi^h priest.'
Iwi Ive yeara, and eighteen yenri t<i|fi|lier with
Saul the king^'^nd tliut we have ftiiialit'd tha
hisliirv of Samuel. iii«*»v,
6. There was a man that was a Zi|ilii{i^V>T the
city nt'Mnnn, wbowaajjih, anil hail u vn<t nuui-
hefuf cattle: for ho ff^n floclT of thrr.r thouiand
ahcep, anil another Irock of a thiiiiaiiml goatt
Now David had rhar};ed hia asaorintua to keep
Jhete floi'lls without hiir( and wtihout dnuiage.
and to do thrni no nritcliitf, neither out o4' covetr
onanciia, itor bccauae they were in want, nor b«:<
cauar they were in lite wildernras, and ao cOuM
not enaily be diaCov«red ; but to catrriii Irerdoni
from iaidatici.' above all other motives, ,f nd to
lo'ik upon the toiii-liini; of what belonged to an-
other man aa a horrible rriiiie, and fontrary to
tlifl will of (jiiil. The«e were the iiiUrui'tions he'
giive, (hiaking tlint the fii|ors IK' granteil thia
iiinh were grunted to n gpun lann, And one thai
deaervi'il to have %»r^\ care taken of hit alTnin.
Thi< ilinn was \ubul, fur that was lila name, a
harali iiiiui, and of a very wicked life, being like
a rynir. in the course of his behavior, but still
hail obtained iVir.hia wife a woniAn of gouil cha-
lactir, wise and hand«uaie. To this NaUSil.Miere-
fore, David sent ten men of hit attendium at the
tinwi when htr-thcared hia sheep, and by tlieui
aiiluted him: and inlBo wt*'>''l '"' niigh( do what
he now did for many ylwrt to ronie, but <leaired
hiVii to make hiln a present of what he was able
to give him, since he lind, to be sure, learned
from his ahepherdtt that he had done them uo^in-
ju[y, but had been their guatwliao.di long tunc
together, while they continued in the wtfdernels;
and he tfssured him he should never repent of
l^iving anything to Da<rid. 'When the iiieasen-
gera had 'l:arried this message to Nabal, he ao-
coMcd theni alter an inhuman and rough man-
ner; for he asked tlieni, ^'ho David was? and
when he heard that he was the sun , of Jets^,
"Now ia (he lime, said he, that fugitives grow in*
sblent, and ninke a figure, and leave their nias-
tera." When they toW David this, >ie was wroth ;
ijjlid cnmnianded four hundred armed lueii-tf) fol-
low him; and left two hundred to littcecareof the
'slulT, (forhe had already six hundred,)'^ and went
against Nabal; he also sware, that he would that
night utterly destroy the whole h»uae and pos-
jSeaaions of Nabid : for that be was grieved, not
only that he had proved uhgraiefal to (hem
without ipaklngany retarrf-for the humanity they
had shown him, but that he also had reproached
them, and uaed ill language to them, when he '
had received no cause of disgust from Iheiu.
hundred. When ho w.ai at Keilah, still but fohr han
dred, l|Oth In JoMphua and in tli<LXXII; Initaix hun-
dred in oar Hebrew roplei. 1 8am. xxlil. 13; xxx. 9, U.
Now theaix hundred, ther< mentioned, are here intlina-
led by Joaepbnt to have been lo ABny,onlir by an ang.
mentation ortwo hondred alterward, whlen, |( auppoao,
ia the true solution of ibiiMeaiIng dltairtameat.
R.rgi'
jus t, a n
_i#-u:
^i
■/•■
*•
■J
, S / BOOK vi.-ciiAP. XIII. ' las
7. IIm •upon, on* of I^Om lh»l li>|il Ih* Hiidn the wiw not worthy 'to touch hi* frrtt hoW»»nr«
of N«biil, Mid lo lii«M>Wlrr»i, Niilml • w(l'», that ,«tir tiini* with ill h*r^"'r»»nH, nikI IxrHnia hM
••whm l>i»vtil lent li> n*>r hiulraiiil, he Imil rrrti-
vail ni/i'ivtl aiKWrr ■>! $H from hlui, liul Ihitl lior
liu>t>iiiiil hull m«ft«-o»rft »il(l«il very n (iruiii'lifiil
lnH^uuKr, whila }<;l Utvii) (Aid Ittki'ii I'll^rnonli-
nary rura to krep hit |<i>clt)t {n>iii l^nnii, nhd (li*t
what liaif (tini^rd wiiulq pniVK vtrj' prrini'iout (o
lii« iiiniit^r." VVhi'ii lti« •rrVwit hliil luid lltii,
AbiKHd, Inr thitt win thf wi(i>"» imiin, HiulilliMf
r, ill iiiiMii niiH witnu Of
lliul lif riKi'iKlilibI hi»
le lli'liriw tMiKiirlitutni-
iilu litr iipoliifcj, "Tint
<«|U!cii«llv at
](;ly UhvIii uc-
IvTiMMD, Diiil liiiiili'il lliriu ivitl>lill Dort^iif prr-
tcnla: milt nlllioill l< IliiiK m-r huithniid niiy lliin);
of whul thi' win iiliiiiil, (t'or'ii)! i^iU iiol (i-iiHihli*^
iiH nrcouilt III' hit ilruiiktiiiiriii,) »KA wrnl lii Oa-
vid. Khn <vn> tliiii iiii'l l|y Dnviil Bf\<li« wii< (Ir-
iicriidi«K * '""• "'"' **** <'<"">"K 'IK^.K't ^illlllll
with fii)ir hiiiiiln'd nun. Whrn lh» wutiinn >aw
Ua\iil..ihi' li H|n'(lilii»ii froiii hir n»i<i aiNt fi'll on
I hrr li|i'<', Hiid hotfi'il dnivii lii t\\v Kniiilit^anil in-
Unuli'M liiiii not to liiir.iii iiiiml "iIih Witiil« of
iNalinl, iiinrn lir kiic
\n»iii<'i now iSubnl, ill the
Act 'folly.' So tile iniii
\\h« dill not mi' iIm' inrinoKri'i whom lir •ritt':
ornivc m»i thi ifforc, (miiil nhe.) and Ihniik (ioit
I liiitli hfii'li It'll llirn from alu'ililiiiK liiiiiiAn
hto<H,l; for »» I'liiR nt lliuH kii>p««t tliVMlf iniio-
Ami, Mm will nvtiiijc lli<i- oi' nick«ii hkmi, for
nut iiiiiji'rii"! iiHiiii JValinl. till y. will fidl upon
ttiA htililV of lliiiic 'ciiniiin. , lif llioii (cri" io'i*
lO'liK', iiiiiY-fhiiik iiHj B.) liir worlliy ii» to mci pt
tlirilr pr<il<i1>«, Ironi mi;' iiiid iillt iif ri'|;iiril to
nic.WiiMt tliiit wialh nnd thiit nrti(rr tvhinh lliou
lin»^u,i{rtiii|t my hiittmnd i\n'il hin lioinr, forliiihl-
ii(iil hi.ii'iunily'lic(;oiH<i thro,
rfiou iirl to. Ijnoiir ttng.''' %Vrcorilia(; _
'i'.«ptcd htr pr'seiitii, and inid, "IS'aySiliiit O wo-
I'lun, it Hin no other than (iod'a liiiVy which
lirpiight lhr<.' to ii^ tu-dny, fur othrrHUBtt thuu
hiuUt not>»i'in another day, I havind iworut
to dcMroy JSiiiinl'ii hiiniio tliU vrry nii^fit. and to
l«Bve aliv« not oneof ynii who'b«lonK«d to a man
thnt tVHH wirkid'mii'.'.ii.ijcratcfuf to iiic niid niy
conipanioiM: liul iiiiw hiuit thou prrvtliti'd inr,
ami wawiiiibly iiiullilic'il my anj^er, tan bcln|( thy-
4elf<unil(i' tin: cure of Cioirs^froviilcnco;^ tuit B»
for Walirfl, Hlthouifli for thy «ike hji now' « sciini-
niiniiihiiientt he will txfti always avoid justice, fur
nil t^vil conduct on loine otlier occamoii will be
hi» ruin." ' '
'8. When David had niiid thiLhedianiitied the
woman, liiit when ahv camiThonie and found
her huabnnd fcaiiting with n great companv, and
opprcmied with wine, kho said nothing then to
hiiti uboiit wl^t Imd h'ippciicd: but on the next
dnv, when he tvan •ober, nhfl told, him all the
■Hi'rtiruliiriir and niudo liia^ whole butfy to a|t]peur
like thiit of ft dead niun by her/ivoriln, and by
. that erief which iiroae from them: ko Miibal «ur-
' viveu ti'ji dav«, and no more, uiid then died. And
when Duviu heard of his death, he sitid, that
(io<l had juKtIy HNiingcd hitn of this mnn, for
that ^iu)ull died by lila oivikwickeilnesx, uml^iad
Nuflt^ivd punishment on his accpunt, while he had
kept hill own haiilHs clean." At nhich time he
tiiider'sfoiid, that the picked are prosecuted by
Ciodj tliut he (iocs not overlook iinv nian, but
lieMnivs (oiKihe good what is suitable to them,
and inllicrs a deserved punishment on the wick-
ed. Stf he sent to Nabul's'vife, and invited htr
to come tohini, to live with hinn iind to be bis wife.
'^hereu|)on she replied to those that came; that
* In this, and the two next srrtlonp, wemay nirrclre
how josepluis.nnv, how Aliisnil lierwir would under-
Fland the ' n6( nvengini! ourselves, )<ii( licaplri|( coals of
lire on tlicliciiil III' ilie injurious.' Trov.xxv. 33; Koni.
xU. Sll; not as we ronmioiily ilo iion' of meUini; them
into kindness, Init of Iciiviim iliem lii the Jiid|>tueht «f
' God. 10 wlioiii v#npeniiic Iclonqclli, I'imiJ, xxxll. ffl;
rialm xci». ); Hell. x. Mrand who wiM take venseance
on the wicked. And slnre all (JimI's, Jiidirnieiits aro
— just.and all fil toliee»friili:rt.iind Blt^t lenitlli fiirthfi
wile; having rii-eivi'd timt honor on account of .
htr wise hiiiI riKhtroiis cuursr ol life. Hlie also
olilained the same lionor, partly on acciiunl of
hrr bennty. Now Llavid had a w|,frbrlorr,wbom'
lie niarrieil from the rily of'Abrsar; for as to
Michiil, the daufthter of liinK Knul, who had been
Marid's wile, her fulhir had itiven htr in niHr-
rin|;i! Ii> I'halti the son of I<ai«h, wh'ii was ul the
city of (iulllni.
V. Alter this cnmf certain of the Sulphites, and
lohl Saul that David wait'niueiiKuin into their
country; ami if he would allonl tin in hii nsiidl'
unce, ihei ciiutd calcli him. ' So he Ciiiiie tu
^hem with three thoii»iiid armed men; and upon
Ihit approach of ni|<hl, he pitched his lamii nt u
cert.iiil place culled lliiiliiluh. (tut when llavid
heard Ihiit Saiil Was coniiUK nf;alnst him, he sent
spies, and bid them lit liiin know |u what |>lace
of the country Sanlniis nireinly come; uiid when
they told hiiii that hewasatlijihil ih, he conceal-
ed his KoinK aituy froin his own runipanioiis, uiiil
cmnti to Saul's cump,' huvipi; tikin with him
Abishiii, his slslir Xi-riliiilif son, AHil Ahinirl^ch
, tlie llitlile. i\ow ShijI was Usliep, and the arm-
ed men, with Abiiir lli>irconnnuuiler, lay round
nlioul lijin in n cinlc. IliriiipOn Dnvid entered
into the kin)('S teni : but he diil neither kill Siiul,
though he knew whi re he liiy, liv thr spenr that
WHS rlriick ilowH by hhu, nor irnl he |;ive Icavi:
to Aliiitiui, who wuujil have killnl him, and w'lis
eiirneMly bent upon ri, so to lio; fur he' said, " It
was a horrid crime to kilfone^that was onlained
kiuif by (iiMl, ulthouK'i he wusawirked man: for
thnt lie who (;iivO liiin the dominion, would ill
time inllict puniahnieut upon him." So he re-
llrnined his ea^i'riii'<s: hut that it iniirbt ajipear
to hiive been in his power to have Killed him
wlieii ho refrained from il. he took his spear and
^he cruse of water which stooif by Saul ulfhe lay
asleep, without being perceived by kny of the
camp,, who were all asleep, and went securely
nwiiy, having perforni('](,evti:y thing aiDong thil
king's attendants that the oiiportunity all'ordeil,
nml his boldness encourogednim to do. So when
he hail passed over a hrook, and was gotten up
til tlie top of n hill, whence he might be sufli-
cieutly heard, he cried aloud to Saul's soldiers,
and to Abner their coniniunder, and awakened
them <::>t of their sleep, and called both 16 bhii
and tu (he people. Hereupon the commander
heard hini, and asked who it was that called
hiniT To whom J)avid replied, " It is I, the son
of tf esse, n hoin ymi hinke-a vagabond. Itut what
is the niatterT Dost thou, that art ■ man of so
great dignity, end of the first ^ank iik tho klng'^
court,' take so little care of thy paster's body 'f
and is a sleep of more consequence to_ thee than
his presi^rvntioii. and thy care of hiniT 'I'his
negligence of yours deserves death, and punish-
ment to be inltlcted on you, who never perceived
whin>a little while ago some of ii» entered into
your camp, nay, as fill as to the king hiriiself, and
all the restuf you. If thou louk for the king's
spear, and his cruse of water, thou wilt learn
what a mighty misfortune was reaily to overtake
yon in your very caiiin without vour knowing
of it.''' Kow, when Saul knew David's voice,
and understood that when he'had him in his
|H>wer while hiii was n.'.leep, iind his guifrds took
no' care of hini, yet did not he killhiin, bu\ spared
be the meaning of this phrase of heaping cvalaof flreon
tlieir heads.
t We woy noje here, llmt how snrred soever an oath
was esteemed nnioiiKtli* people ef'Tod In old limes,
thev did not think it oliliciiury where the action wot .
Elainly unlawful: fur so we see it was In this cat* of
Inviil.who, althoush t
lo.lind sworn to destroy Nahal ,
I dors he here, and I tein. XXV. TB— :
34. blcfaOnl'fpr preventing I
and his family, yei <
frnm .h,»IHlng of lilnoit. lis hp had sworn to do.
good of the pcrsou* punislied, I incline to think that to
~T,
Its
ANTIQUITIES OK TIIK. JKWH.
r
. Jh
k .
.him whfn ha ini(hl juilly ha** rut him off, ha
tail), that "ha nwail hliu ihaiikt fur hit praiar-
vali>>ai ami rihorlaii hliii (o ba of (tHKl cuiiraca,,
■ml nol (u ha arraiil iif tuAfrinK »ny |hi«'hl«f
friiin him an) iiiori', ami In return In hi* own
home, Air hi^ nm nii«kb<rauail«il, Ih^it ha did nol
lova hiinw'lf •)! wrll aJnia wai brinvcd by hiai
Ihal ha hiif driven away hint Ihal roultf i(uar<l
hlni.aii'l hail Riirti imtiiv ilfnw>nat(,alinn< M hit
KoiHl-ttill to hint! Ihal h« had rnrrr<l him Irt liv^
HI lung in a ilaln ol baniahincnl, anil in craat''
frura o( hit lifa, dftlilula of hU frirmit and hii
kikiilrad, whila •till ha mm uftan t^vrd bv him,
nud lrri|ui'»lly rnaivod hi* lifti aRuin wban It
\f»n rvUiiiilljf in daMirrr uf (writhliiK." So l>».
v|>l linili! thpin ii-nd i<ir thr iiirar and Iha rrnta
ui W*lt'r,uiiil laka Ihriubarli; addinji^ thi« withal,
IImiI "Ocid ntiuld b« Ihr judKa iil' imOi Ihair dit-
IMaili" lid of thr action* thai llowid from Ihr
' «aiiii', who knowa Hiat whin il wja Ihia day in my
fH)i»er_ I', hitvc klllril ihir, I almlainrd from it.''
10. Thiia huiil, haviiij( tirupcil lli« handa of
Dan I Iwiir, hi< wrni hit war lu hit rnynl palnrr,
und Ilia bwn cilv: but Davui wka afraid, lha( if
hf •tiiyt'd lh«n fi« ih'tould ba raught hy ^taiil, to
hr thn<i)|ht iFbrtli'r to go u|i inlu lha linid of thi^
I'liilikiiiita und nliiiln tlivrit. AiTnrdiiiKly, he
i-aiuv, willi<ili<i six riumlrvd men that wnit with
him, to Achiih,' tlic kiiig of (iath, wljitii wa»
uiic of tb»ir liva rillra, Now lh« king rcri'ived
both liiin and hii iiK'n, and gara thmi n placi)
to ihhuliil in. Hi' had with him alio hi* Iwo
wivcn, Aliinoiim and Alii|{idl, and he dwtll in
lialh. liiit when Mnnl hianl Ihii, hi; took no
I'urthar I'arc hIkiuI tetHliii); |» hiin, or guiiig aller
him, brriruMi he hail been fwicu, in a nianoar,
riughl iiy him, wliiic he w.ia hiniialf endtuvnr-
liig to catch him. Ilonnver, Ual>)ii had n<> mind
lo coiitiiivt! in Ihc'rity of (ialh> bul driired
the king, that, ainca he had receiviul him with
Mich humanily, that he would i;rant hlhi another
favor, Hiid bi-ttow upon him •oine plare^af that
country for hia habilnlign; for h<! wai nalkmed,
by liviiij- In the city, lit be grinvoui and biiT^en.
■oma to him. So Arhitn g^ava hiih a irrfi^n
villafre culled Zililag; whirh place David ^nd
hit apn< were fund'of when he wat kins, and
reckont'd il to b« iheir peculiar inhrritanciC fill!
ibont thoie matlcra we will give the rcMler
(arther Infomiation elaewhern. Now the time
.ttiat David dwelt in Ziklag, in the land of thf
~rhiri>linri, wui foiirnioiitlM and twinty ilnya.
And now he privately ntUcked thoie (ieajiuritea
•nd Amalekitca that were lirighbon to the I'hi-
liitloea, and laid' wiiiite their ruunlry, an<l' took
much prev of their b(>a»l« and canieU,, and thin
returned home; but David iibttainrd from Ihe
■ten, aa fearing they ahould dincuver him to king
AcbUh, yet did he jend iiart of the prry to him
u • free gift. And when the king iiHpilred
l^om th^ hid attacked when tliey l)ruu|i;ht
•wav the prer, he taiil thoae that Iny on the
•oulh of the Jewa, and inhabited in the plain;
whereby he pcrtuadeil Aclijah to ap|.irov« of
what be had (lone, for>.« hoped that Duvid had
fought agaiiTtt hia ow^nalion, nnil that how be
ahould hi^ve hitn for hia'icryant all hia lil'v long,
and that he would, atay jp his country.
CHAP. XIV. .
f/oit Saul, iipim God'inol nniteerin^ him eon-
etminglht Fighl with Iht Philislintt, dttirtd
a ntcromnnlic IVomanJo mint up Iht Soul ^
Samutl fo Tiim ; and how lit d%td, with hit Son;
vfon the overlhrow of the titbreiei inButtU.
i i. About tht aame time the I'hiliatinei re-
olved to niatie war agninsit the Iiraclilsea, and
lent to all their confederatea that they would g(
■jong^with theni to the war to Re ggf n,_ [near thi
benue they nllglit gather, them-
and suddenly attack the He-
hrawa. Than dhl Arhiah, lha kiac of Oalh, da-
kir* David to aiaiti them with hU atmeil aiaa
agalnat the Hahraava. Thia h* readily pmmitaHl,
aad said, thatUha tini* was now r-iiiia wherein
hr might rriiuita him for hia kimlnra* and h<i«-
Eitality:Mi the hiiif uroiniied to make hini lha
aanar of hit InmI^ attar lha vlrlory, lupauaing
that the bailie with the anauiv surraailad to '
their mind j whirh prnnilae qf nonoT and confl-
denre he niail* on purpoia lo increaa* his aaal
, fur hia service.
t. Now Haul, the king of the lUbraws, bad
cast out of Ihe country Ina fortum tellers, and
lha necromani;*rs, and all such as exercisad the
like arts, eiceplinf lha pniphkls. Hut whas M
heiinl that Ihe I'niliatinea wtre alreadir com*. '
anil had pilrhed their ramp near the inly .Hbu-
nem, situate In the plain, h* made hatia lo op-
pose tham with hi* forvrli; and when ha waa
fome to a certain mountain called (illboa, h«
(lilrhed hia ramp. over aitainat Ihe entiny; but
when hv taw the eiieiiiy'a ariuv, he was grtatly
trniibleil, hera^it il apfivared to him to n« nu-
merous, ami supatrior lo his owu; ami be imjui-
rnlof (ioil by the pmphcla coMitrning the bat-
tle, that h* nii^it kiioiv befonvinnd what would
be Ihe event iiT it. And wheittOod did not au-
twrr him, $liul wna nniler a atill greater dread,
and Im I'oorage fell, foreaevloK, as was but rea-
somblutMo auppoar, that mischief would befall
hiiiW now G«d was nol Ihei'e lo at^ist him:y*t
did he bid his Servants to inquii^ sul for him
some woinan that was a nrcriHiiancar, mmI Called
lip the a.iulil nf Ihii dead, that to b*. i^jjgikl know
whether his iiiraira vyould siicceerf' (9 his miod;
fur this sort of ifiiudtnantic woAicn that bring
up the souls of Ihnnead, do by fhciu l^retelt fu-
ture events lo auch as desire ihriii. And oua of
hia servants told him, that there W*s such a wo-
man in the city of Kudor, but miis ki/own to no-
body in Ihe camp: hereupon Saul (lut olT hia
n)yal apparel, and took Iwo nf those liis aervanta
with him, whom be knew to be moat faithful to
him, and eanie to Giidor to the woiiiaii, nud en-
treated litr In act the iMrt of a fortuneteller, and
to bring up such a soul to him as he should name
lo b^r. But wbeii the woman opposed bis ow-
tion, and said; the did not despise the king, wbp
..b^d bani«hed,thisaort of fortunetellers, ana that
he-ijid not do well himtelf, when she had doae
hini'Mo barm, to endeavor to lay a inarv for her,
and t9 discover that she exercised ■ forbidden
art. In drder to procure her to be punished, ba
swarr thiii noboily should know what she did;
and that lia\;roulii not tell any oiie else what the
foretold, biif that she should incur no danger.
As soon at b« had induced hejr by this oalG to
fear no harm, he tmdc he^ biding np to bim the tonl
of Samuel. She not knowing wno Samuel w*s,>
called him out of Hades. When be aupcaretl,
and the woman s«w one that was venerable, ahd
of • divine form, she Was in disorder; nod being
astonished at the sight, she said, ■■ Art not thou
king Saul?" for Samuel bfd informed her wbol
be was. When he had own^ that to be true, and)
had asked her whence her (|isorder arose, sbe \
said, that "she saw a certain person ascenda 1
who in his form was like to gbd." *"*■ — *—
he bade her tell him what he reseq
habit he appeared, and of what age
told bim, "He was an old man aire
glorious personage, and had on a lacer
tie." So the king discovered by th«s<i
he wns Samuel; and he felt doWn
gronnd, and sainted, and worihiped
when.the soul of Suinutl asked him, Whjr.L-
disturbed him, and^aused hii^ to bebrongfat i
he lamented Ihe necessity he was under; for u«>
said, "That bis enemies > pressed heavily upon
him; that be w» in ^^'strcj*t what to do in hia
present circumstances;' that he waa fomken of~
uod, And could obtain no .prediction of wfitt
r
tt
%
nrxiK vi.-riiAP. xiv.
in
rnniinKt n»tlli«r Hjr (imph*** nor ilr^amt, lllit* w<ii*i*n. Hiit, I ihall >pr*ll fitrtHfr upon
I
«■• „. , . , , ,
aMl lllal iIk'MI •••» lh« rvKtoiio^lw I hitr)! ra- mitthcr •ulijrri, wMili will ■llurU Iti* »n »|i|iur
~ af ," tuniljt i>r ilLfiiiiiin^iti UH iklmt !• ftr ll»' i»l'
I'lturM lo Ihrr, wliu iilwa)* Iu4k*al <«** uf nif
Hul iMMiiurl, ••■•ii>K that'll/ rnil «( MMiil'a lifp
WMCiiiiM',* •ai<l, "It li 'at^ ("r tlm^ todtairr
to laarn u( luo au; iIiiiik (HiidirfrrHlitii (iihI liath
I'arwktn Ihfai hot«o«*r, livar what I tay, Ifaat
Uafitl it toll* kiuc, aiiil to liiiiali ihia war with
gttttti •iiii'wa*; auil ihoii^art tii lti«r ^Ij^ iliiniiilion
ami Ihy Mr, iM-cautn lh<iu ftiilit mil ohtiy OutI In
iha war with lli* Ainaltlkitaa, ami liaai nut ktpl
liU ciiMMiiaailnitnU, a< I fiircluld ihru «lill« i
waa alio'. KnuWi liiaTrfiiri , thai iha (woiili ihall
b« matia tiilijix-l l» IliairanKiiiift, ami llial (l><>a,
with thy MmK, ahall fkll in th« Imlllr lii'iii"ri«w,
antl thiiu (halt ihcn ha Willi w f i4i Hntlcf." 1
3. W'hrn Saul hail hrunl lliii, h« tuulil kill
•naak fur grief, and fall iluwii on lli« |ti*qr. whr-
ln«r it waia from tlir torrow that feroM u|K>n
what Haniurl had uiil, or front hi> *iiiiit>n«ii,
fi>r h<i had Inkrn no food the forrgniiiK Jiiy nor
ni|hl, h« aaailf Ull i|uil« down: and whtii with,
diiieull^ k« had racuvrri'd hiiuwlf, tlia woman
wouhi lore* b'liu to «at, li'KKt'tR *''** "' '■''■' *" *
favor on account of h«r coniKrn in (hat duiiK> r-
oua initanrn of forliinvla IlinK, wlil< li it Haa mil
lawful fir her to havi' dour, h< riiiiin- ul' thr li ur
aba wat umlrr uf thr kin|^, wliiUi aba kiitw luil
who b« waa, y«t diiR'^he undcrtakt' it, and ko
tbrouKh wilh il, on wlii('|i atconnl alia i-nln jl«d
hliu to ailuiil that ii liiblti and lood iiiiglit bt 4«t
baforo him, thai i>* uiignt rucuvar hit •lr<'ii|(lh,
and BO r<^l tafa to hi* own i nnip. Anil wh> n Im
opiKiat'd her inoilon, Hili| eiilinly rijki'liil il, tij,
reaaon uf hi' anxiety, »li<< f»n:i'il him, aii<] nt Itiiit
pcrtuadvd bitu lu it. Aiuw aha hikd anr ralf that
aba waa vary fond iif^ mid one that aha took ii
(rant da«l of care of, and M it heripll, fur ali,«
WM ■ wiiHian that j^ot her living (i) the liijb<ir
dt her own handa, and had no othiT |)uaMtaion
b<it Ibat ofit calf; tbia iba killed, and nuda ready
Ita Acah, and aat it bt fore hia aervanta and him-
talf. Su Haul cama to the eaniji while it yet w^'«
iiitfht.
4. Now It ia but jual tti recommend the gene-
roaity of tbia wonian,f bet-au»« when the kiiig
had forbidden her to ua« that art when^ htr
circuniatancca wire bettered and improved, ami
when abe°had never aeen lli» king before, ahe
■till did not reiiieinlicr to hia diaiutvHiiliige tliat
be had rondeiiined fief inrtof leaniiiiK, and did
■Hit i^efiwc bini aa a atranger, and one that alie
had ia acaUHintancAwilli; but ahc had ruiiipaii<
aiou upon liiiii, anil iViiforteil him, and cxhurted
him to do whut hv wiy t;re«tlr averte to-, anil
offered him the only crmure ana hail, aa u po6r
wuiuan, and that earneatTy, and with great hu-
manity, while fbe had no requital 'luada lu her
for her kiodneaa, iHir huotea after any future
favor frinu hint for (he knew he Waa to die;
wbereaa men arc Daturally either unibit'ioua to
nlcaae ilioau that beilow lii-ncfita' upon Iheiu, or
ar« very reaily to aerve thoaie fruiu whom thev
may receive iOii.>' advautage It wouhl ba well
therefore (0 imitate the example of tllT|Mvoiii<in,
and to do kiutloeaa'to all aucb-aa are tit want >
to think that nothing li better, nor more be-
c6{iiiuii; iiiaDkiiid, thin auch a general beiieti-
>ec, nor what will auoner render UW favora-
ble, and ready, tu bcatuw good Ihinga iipon ua.
And ao faj^may auiDce to hftv* apoken conKerbing
• TbIaMatorjiofflitnratonaatlailon.iratwtohawid;*,
aa wa render lli||4l|e'>niw word tieria, but with a aaim-
awacar, iir(li*^lrtaie lilatorjr ahowa, ia eaaily under-
atood, eaped^Blii it' we coiiaiilt Iha rerO||nillonii atCla-
maiit, h. I. enaji. T. ut 'arte, an^ arore lirlefly, and nea-
rar the dafaofflnffluel, fnlaa. xlvl. W. "Pamnet pro-
phaaM arar liis death, iind uliawed. the klnii hki end;
andlifed up Mavoirxfroin tlje earth In |iropl<ecv, lo
UoloatthaTlckadiMmaMhe people." Nwdaaatbaoi-
•elncaa tf tl>o accompjaliiurnt nf tiiia pratliitioB, the
vary nCAl day, iicnidf nt lo augninv ><y inipn^tioii Up-
tpreaentlilalaiy;
l»»|i
lagc fif rillia, imil peofil*,ai<d n>ili'ii<a,ai>il auit'^l.
Ill Iha taale III KiHiil mrii, and will eiHiiHraga
thrui all in III* pi'uaei-iilMiti uf virliK, ami ia ca-
(■utile of ahliWiilg III) HI tll>> lllrlhu«l llf ai'l|ulrlHg
llhiry, and an ivl'rlB-liii|( ti<\t» , bimI of lin|irinl-
iiig III the kiiiira iil ii.iIkiik, uii'I lhi> liul> ra of I'i-
llra, grial imiliuitma and ililip^riii't' nf ilulug
(tell; a* aUuiuf eiuouraaiiiK thtm M uwltrgo
daiigira, aiid lu iiia tor ilitir I'uuMiiii'a, aail of
iiiaiiiH ilii)( Ih'in 4>iiw lo d«i>|iii« All the mnat ter-
rilile ailvi lailKt, nliil I havr ii fair iMiatinuof
fertd lit* lo <!Hlf r nn auch a diaroiir.<i , l>y Mniil,
kinjc of llie llrbrewi. ' fur ulthouKli he kiMW
tvhNi waa coming upon hiiii,,iin<l Uml ha wa« lu
ilia iitiniodiatrlt , liy the pn mrtluii of llie pl^i
^it'l. III' iliil mil rt'hiltii to tlv triini iliath, iiv>r aw
far III imltiJtU' thi' luve uf lifi , na lii iKliay hia
own |N'M|ili' ld'lh<> eiivAiy, ur lu bring li iU>Krara
un hia I'oj'il <'l|!<<*l>i hut • kiiii'<iiig himxlf, aa
wi'll aa anjiia lamily au'l ilillilieu In iMiiigcra,
he Ihiiiigbl it u bravf thing tQ Mi lug • tlirr with
iheiii, aa he waa fijthliiiK ''if '>** auiijei la, and
Tlial II Wfia lirtlt r hii iuiu ihriuld die ttiua, thijw-
iiig Ihi-ir i'r.iira(;p, than In |raii' Ihmi In Iheii
Miii'trluiu CiiiMlm;! aitt rwitrd, iahilr, inaliutl uf
auci-taaion and ))o»ti'rily, they gaiiuil rtMiiiiiLiiala.- ,
tioli and a Liatliig uuinr. Such H iinv aloiie ai'eiua
lu inc lii-liii II jftat, n cuiirauroliai n'l'l i' pruiUiit
man; and t\ii>n aiiv' one iiaa^arritid at llira«)
iliaiMMitiiiii', nt ihiilt hi reufler arrive at IIkih. he
ia the iii.in that .i>iij;lil tubi' by "11 liuliori'il wil'li
llie lealiiniili'y of ^i virtuiiui or ctiurnteoua iimii;
fur aa lo ihoM: llint )^u out tu war w illi hiipea of
auctrera, ami that^hti ahull return «af«, auppo-
aing llu'} hnti'yfrluiiiieil Mitiiegluiiiiua acliuii, I
'think Ihoae ilu'iit ilii well wliu cnll ihean vatliant
men. aa ao mauy hiatormiiafaiid other writera
who tniut uf them are wont id ilo, althuuKh I
ciMil'eaa tl^ae do juaMy ilrarrve aomr CiiiniiK nda-
lion ulto; lull thiiae iiiiily niny lii' riylnl cuurage-
oua and bold In great iindarliikniga, aiKl deaiiU
Ijvraltieii. who imitate Sau|; fur aa fur
thiite ihuMo nut kmiw what the event of war
Will he aa lo (ht-ma< Ivcli. and though they ilii not
fiiiiit in it. biiitieliver themaelvea up lu uncertain
fulurilyi ni|^ mi' loaaed tliia way anil llinl way,
fhia la not «u vi rv iniiurnt an iiialuncv of n gen-
eruua uiiiiil, kitnough they hap|H-n to ptrlurm
uKiiy 'uveHt exj.loilii; but when nn ii'a niiiiita ex-
|>H:1 inWooK^i veul, hyt they kimw liefureliand
they iniiS die, ana that they niuat undergii that
(KiUtli in (he bailie alio, uflrr thia ueilhi r ^o ba
allril^hteit, noi^ to be a'toniaheil ur llie Urrible
fate that ia cuiuiiig. but tu gu directly upon it,
wiien they know it befoiehund. thia it ia thai I
ealeeiti ilie charuclcr of a man truly rxiurageoua.
/Vccor 'iili|;ly, thia Saul did. and thi n^liy deittoa-
atratril that nil men who dcjirn fame uflrr they
art |!i".til, arc- an to act at they may obtiiiii the
tame: thit ea{i<^ally c'onl^ema kinga', who oaght
not tu think it /l^ui;h in their high italinn tliat
they arc not wicked in the goveimUent uf llileir
aulijiclt, hut to be more than moilerlttely gnoil to
thei.1. I ciiiild tay inon* tiffin thiti uIhiiiI SkIiI
Hll'l Ilia courage, the aidiject iifibritiiig iiialtnr auf.
ficient; but that I niay not iip|)eur tu run out
impi'u|Hrly in hia coinmeudatiiin. f return aif^nm
to that hia'liiry frum which I made tbia dif^rctaion
po'liem.'a atalnat Itie naliiralteiiaeortHrh anck-nt and
aii'iienllc liiaioi kt, I take llieiu to be of very mall va-
lue or rwitiilernlion.
fT'.rai' frriit ronimandnlioiia of thit necroroaritte
woiiiii'i of y..i\ot. and of H»ul> martial cvntage, when,
yet lie knew *ie •lionM die In the htitia.ara aomewiiat
uiiunnal dliiremiiina to Jotcphua. They aeem iti he ex-
(rHi-lcd froui tome tpecrliea oi dcclaAiatiOBa of hki,
mm poaci! formerly In Ike way ofuralory. that htr l>y
hhn. and wnlrh lie ihnuelit i^t to Intert upon tliia
Hfore (W Aniiq. h. jl. ena& v
■act 8.
. - t ■
^
": y-".'
ANTIQmTli:ii <)l' THE JKWi.
I
S. Now «rb«a Ik* Phtlitiiiwa, m I hIiI htton,
lta«l iillrhril lh«lr runp, ■ml kail (nkcu tin •< '
fiiiinl 'if lh>ir furfM. aroinling In ihcir Anli'in*.
,M(I kingiloiiii, tNtl Kox-rniiMHU, king Aihltn
miiia litil iif nil with Inn iiwn «rNiy ; •Clor whiim
I'miDi DiiriU *ilh hl« lo huiKlrirtl •rnicil iiifn-
An<l whfii III* I •imiiianiUr* i>f lh« I'hilittinri
•aw hiiH, Ihtf ukml iha king wk«ac« lh*t* ll«-
brf w* c«ni», iimI al whoM Intttatinn. Ma aa-
■wmil, lliat '■!( w*« Itaviii, who wna Ant awajr
fttim liK iiiaitt'k' Maul, aiiil lh«l ha liail riiUrlain-
ad hliii nhrn ha rainn l« tinii, anil thai nuW lia
wa* willing III maka him a r«i|ullal Utt ht» fa-
vor*, ami I'll uv«n||v kiiiiwlf U|Min Naul, ami m>
wa> tiiTimni hia t imlriUrala." 'I'ha iiiiiiiiianilrr*
•'niii|iUincil of ihii, Ihal hn kaii Ukrn hini I ir n
Kniitolirala who waa an rnaiiijri anil ||ii«i< him
cuiiiiaal III •vnti him awajr, Ual ha ahmihl una-
. warva iln hi* nHamla a (raal ilval of miaiihiaf li,r
rnlt-rUliiiNg kiiii, for Ihal ba aAcinJixl liiiii an uii-
|iiirliiuit;f irf licliiK Vvi'iiiii'ilril tu hia iiiaalvr by
iluiiin iiiiai'blal l« "ur nrnij. TliKjr Ihirruima
itvatri il him, nut iif a prOili>nl fomiKliI nf llya,
to Mini hiiuaway, wllh hit ait hiuulrril aniiail
Main, i« tlM> (lU** h« had jti«fi» kim f.>» hit haW-
talion; lh>itlh)<wua iKal Uuvlil whom tha «ir<
|(iila i:i li'lirnUil in llitip liynina, aa hn«iii|f ili'.
•iMji'il niRiiv Ifn Ihoiiaanila uf lh«< I'hiliiiiiira.
WIhii th|i klilir uf (lalh lirttnl Ihii, hi<^lh(iiii(hl
iU*y a|wki! wrlh ao h« callrii Uaviil, iini'l aaiillo
litiii, " A* fur III) arif, I nan licar wilnraa thai
(luiii lM>t •huwii irnsal ililiKim-a ami kimlnraa
iiImiiI iiir, ami un llial aiTmiiil itwa« Ihal I look
Ihrv lor III/ roiil'ril<init>!i howaxr, W^ial I hiiva
iluiii> cluca uul plraaa thr roiiiniaiiili'Ta of Ihn
I'hilialiaai) fa ifirrafore wltkin a ilajr'alinia lo
llir iil«<^e 1 have givvu th««, wilhoiit aiia|V<'lliiK
niijr litii'in, uiiil lliera keep my roiiiitry'. Ii^al any
•r uur rni'iniicaahoulil niiike an iiK-un4uii upon
il, whii-h will be one part of thai aa«i»tuiic«
which I KxpiM'l fruni ihee." So flatiil uaiiie ttt
/ikinu;, H* Iha king ■>( (iath liiil bini; but it hap-
peneil, that while Tie wai^one lo III* aaaiatante
uf the fhtlialiiive, thii Aiiial«\ltea bail iimile an
Wcurai'Mi, anil taken Xil^hN);; lirfore, anil hail
burnt II : ami when Ibejr hint lak'n a trt'ot deal of
Ofher prey out of Ibut Uilaci', anil out of the
Mner paiituf the Philiatiaei' iMiinlry, they tle-
fwrted.
«. Now when OavitI fuuml that Ziklar wa*
laid waale, Hml th»t it wua all apoileii, nmi -that
•i well hia own wivM, who wiiri: Iwo, hi the
Wlvai of hia conipailiona, wllh ^ifir children,
' were mail* captinei, be nreaaiitly rent lila
clothea, weeplnjt and laiiieniing, lugelher with
hUlrieoila; and indeed he wna ao rait down
with theae niial'orlunea, that al Icni-tli 'lenra
theiiuelvea faiUd him. He wni al*<« in daUKi-r
of being atoned lo druth by bii cunipaiiiuni, who
ware greatly afflinled al the captivity of their
wivea and < filMr, n, for they liiid the blame upon
him of what hail Impiiciieu. Hut when be hiul
recovered hiiiiaejf uiitof hia^rief.nnd had raiaeil
up hia mind to iiod, he ileaireil the high prieal
AoiaUiar'tu put un hia Mcerdolal garmenli, :iiid
to inquire of (jod. anil to propheay to him,
•' Whether (Jod would Rninl, thul if he puranrd
after Ihi- AiiiaKkiUa, br ahould ovi rtake. thi'iii,
and aa«e their wivta and their childrr'n, uiid
avenge hiiiiaeiron thi; «nemici." And ivhcii the
high prieat baile hiaa piirtue affei' lh«;m, kr
marOMd apace, with hia aix hundred ni<h.aflij
tlie enmiy; and when he wna conic to i<' ifiirlilif
brook callvd Uiaiir. and harl lit upon one ll.al tVHa
waa left behind by kia maaier, beeauaa he waa
ao lick and waak Ihal ha luuld aul lollow hiio
Ha alao infunned kim, that ha waa one uf ihiiaar
Ihal had liuriil and |ilua<l«rail, nut only olhrr
parla of Jiidea, liul /ikIng ilaell alto. Xo l>«tid
niaila iia« of him v ■ guide to And out Ihv Aiiki-
Ifkllit, and when hi had overtaken Iheiii, aa
they lay atalterad alHiut on the groand, foine al
dinner, aome dlaonlereil, and entirely drank
wllh wine, and in ihe Iruilion of their ajHiila ami
lh< ir prry, ht lell uiN>n iheni on Ihe aiKldrii, ami
inaile a great alauglitrr aniong Ibeni, for they
were naked, and eifiertad no ait<;h thing, hut haul
lielaken Ihemaelvee lo drinking and feaating, ami
ao they were all ready dialruyed. Now aoiua ul
Ihi'in that were ovrrlakrn aa they lay at ike
lalile. Hire aUiii in Ihal poalnre, and their liloml
liruiiKhl up Wllh it their mrnt and Iheir drink.
They alew iilhera of Ihrm aa they varre drinking
to one another in th«(r i:upa, and anme of Ihani
when Iheir full belllea had made Ihein (all aaleap;
and for ail nianv iia had time lo put on idl iliair
armor, they iliw Ibeui Willi Ihe awoid wilh no
leaaeaae than lliey did thoae Ihal wer« inked )
amtforllMi partiaana of l>avid, they rrinlinneil
ulan tha alaughlrr from the llral hour of ihe itay
to Iha evening, "O that Ihere were not above four
huiiilri'd of Ihe Atnulekilea lilt, iind they only
eacajied by Ketliiig upiiii Ihrir droiiiedariea anil
ranieta, Ai'i-onlingty, David recovered mil only
all the aiMiila which tha eneniy had carried away,
but l|it wivri alao, and Ihe wive* of hia rnninaiv-
ioiii. Hill whin Ihev were cuiiie to the ylace
where they hod lill ifie two hundred men, wliirb
were not able lo follow them, hut were b It ip '
lake rare of the alulf, the four hundred men did
not think III to ilivida auion|( Ikem any njhar
paria of what they ha«l gollen, or of Ihe prey,
ainie they did not acriini|Hiiiy Iheni, bul pre-
leudrd In br feeble, and did not lollow llii in in
the pureuit of the enemy, hut aaid, they ihoujd
be contenled to have aafely recovered Ihalr
wivea: yet did David pronouni-e, Ihal Ihia opinion
nfthrira wa* evil ami iiiijnal, ami thai when <!oii
httii grxuted them aiicb a favor, llint Ihey hail
avertgi'd theniaelvea on their eneiniea, and had
rerovVred all Ihel lielnii)(ed lo Ihemaelvia, Ihee
•houbl inake an eipinl di4<fibulion of what Ihey
hail (gotten to all, liiiauae the real bad tarried
bfhiiid tiXguiird till ir alulf; and from lh*i liiiui
Ihia law obtnini'd nninng them, that thoae who
guarded lliiVaiuH' •liiiuld rereivif ail eii'ial ahare
with Ihiiae lliiif fought in Ihe battle. JNoWwhan
David waa cotiie lo Ziklag, he aenl portion* oif
the apoila looill that had been fiiniillar with him,
and to hia frienda in the Irilie of Judah. And
thua ended Ihe uflJiir of Ihe plundering of Zikjagi,
and uf Ihe »|iiiif;hler uf the Anialtkilca.
7. iNow iipon the I'hllialinea joining battle,
there followed a aharp iiif^HKemcnl, and the I'hi- *
li'tinea beciinie Ihe loiupierora, andii^w a ^reat
nuiiibt r ol their eniiliie*', biU Saul (j^ king of la* -^
mi I, and hit i^nia, f<iu;;ht courHgruiialv, nnd with
Ihe uliiiitt iilaciilv, iia knowing lliiit'iiieir entire
glorv liiy in nolliin^ el«.- but dying hnnnrahlv,
and expjMi^ ihrniaclvea lo ihenlmuit danger
from the t in my, (for they had nothing el*« lo hope
for,) ao lliiy lirought Upon lh<iii«elve» Ihe whole
|iuW«rof Ihe eniiiiy, tillthi^ were cncoiiipnaacd
roiia I, am' aliiin, but not bitfore Ihey bad killed
luuiiy of Iha Philialinra. Now tlie aoni uf .Saul
win: Jonathan, and Aliin:vdah, and Milchiaua;
and H'htn Ihcae were ilaiih Ihe multitude of Iha
Hebrew* were put to l!i);h(, arid nil w»a disorder
wnndrringabtiut, (III Kgjplian by birth, who w.ia ' nnt* ronfuaioii. en.l ilaughtcr, upon the I'hilii-
urooat dead with want and fumiiie, (^for he had •"' ' — -'' " ': ■• • ••
Rontinued wandering about without lood in the
wiklcriMia three duya,) he firat of all )(;>vq hiin
luitcDancc, both meat aiitl drink, and thereby
♦inn provrfnf in npon them. Uu't Saul biinaelf
lIcdjIiavMi'i a rtr n;,- bu (y of aoMicru about liini;
and 14^X111 111,! rhilisliiuea aeajing after him liioaa
hut lni#-v |.i«,'|;>i. nikl ahot arrow*, he loat all
KK)K VI.— CIIAr. XW.
ISO
km ••, tor lo •ii^flw ••]» Iwi". ••<» y«« *•♦ [
Mt abM to kill hlma«lr, tia n)<l |iU •rm(irlw«r«r
•Iraw lilt iwiinl, aii'l run klin ihruHih, >it(~ttt lb*
mainx •limilil t«k« Imiii iIix Hut lii< arintr'
hMr** imt lUrlng •» kilf >»• n>*M>r, liailrcw In*
own (wori^ •ml iilwinK kiniuir <i«*r ■|iiin«l ll>
iwinl. h* Ih^w ninMiru uimik U, iml wlini h*
■ iMllil ii«llh«r run li Ihriiiign linn, nor >>« IvuninK
•|«lui U, ulnlir Ihii •wiiril iNut lliriiiij|li liini, lir
umml hini ntMMl, ■ml mIhhI ■ rtrlaln )r»Hn(
man (hat Humi h|, whu ha WM't «nil whrn h*
umUratooH (hat ha. ««• an Amalakii*, ha lUtirni
htm ti> Corrr Iha •Miinl.lhniiiifh hiin, Iwrauaa h«
was not uhU ti> <!■> tt wllh hi* own hamlt, ami
thartby |o prwuri; him wicft • •laath a* h« ilr-
«lr«il. Thia Ihr )uuna hmh <M a<'nir<lln|l} ; ami
b* look Iha khIiUu ltrai>l«l (hat WM un Sanl't
MM. aiHl hU riiyal rruwnilhal wa« iii« kia li«ail,
anil ran away. Ami whfn ''aul'i ar«iiir-lH'ar*r
•aw thai hv wnt •lain, ha liilli<l hiniai'Ui nnr iliil
an; of iha king'* cuanla roaiir, hut ik*; all fill
upiin tit*j iiiiiunlaiii i allril (itllm*. (iiii whrii
Ihnw llrnrvw* itial ilwrit hi Iha^allry liayiiml
J'jnltll. y>i thoar Mr|iii ha<l Ihrlr rilivji In llii'
plain, hrunl thai Saul ami hu ainK wrri' I1kIIi<i{,
aiul that thi' iiiullituda about Ihriii wrr>- il»lniy-
vd, th«y l«n Ihrtr own <:tiit.>, anil lliril la aiirh »»
wara lh4' hr<l forliAiil anil ^nrril; pnil thi' I'hI-
liMinaa Anillni; Ihoa* i-iiipi ilMtrtril, raiua aitil
ilwclt in thrni.
t., On lh« ac«t day, whr n (li«> I'hillilinra tanir
I* iNi^lfiE Mtwira that <tirn tl.iiu, thrv %m
lot' Sag)) unpl of hii aons ami ■liT|)|M-il
I eutiiK llittr boiula; anil tlir; irnl
era all abodi Ihair rounlry, In •ri|iiaiul
* Thia way Af tpaaklnn in JiHM>|>hM«, nf fiialiMRar
«#a4hiya wltiitmt m«iil or ilrinll, la nltiiiMt lilit' Mini of
St. t>aiil°><< Aru fivll. '■ 3< "TIiIk tiny ia ilw l.iiiitr«iiih
daiy tliut ya hiivi< tarr|f#«n4 runllniinl fiialln(, ,liav
l«( taken iHMIiIni," and aallia nalurniir lli« lhli<(, ami
ilM IniiMiaallitlHynr alrtrlly fatllnt aulonf, ininlra ni
(oKMlanttinil IhiiIi Jnaaphua an^lihii aacriHl author <>r
Hi 'flail wti
IblahMAry, I Kam. ml. ntflalT wlirnra hn turfli,il,
•f aniy raatlnftMl lh« avenlnii; an ninat wa unila'atanu
H«. rani, althar that tblawaatbaiuuilMnili day ul'iliin}
iham.tkal iMr fnahiiaa war* hllmi tiHl tk«y
ilaili'atail Ihalr aoMor )n |ha tanipl* iif A«<«rl«i
but hiiuK Ihvir boTirt on rroaaaa at iha'walla •!
Iha rily ••' lUlhitMn, wlnrh !• mVw i-alUil Si'illMir , * ' '
niiHa Hut whan th* lohabDanta n( Jaliaab ()k ilm
[aad haani that ihay hail ili<ui*nibara<l lha ilaafl' \'
IiihIio '<( **aul ami of Jiia lona, Ihajr ilavniail IV
• o liorti'l a Ihliig to mrrl'Hik ihia liarhaiity, ajM*
III tulfrr tlioni to lir without lun«ral ritaa, lb*,
lha moat roura|««iia ami hanly ainiinf tkaiH.
(ami tmlaail |ha| lUy hail m it iiii'* that wart
«rry aluMl, both in iiitiul ami in Imilt) journayad
all ni|hl, ami • ama to tlrthahan, ami ii|>nnia<'f<'d
to till anaiiiy't Mall, ami Hiking ilown Inr biHliaa
of Saul an>l uf hfT^ tuni, thay rarricil Ihani lu
Jabaab, wliila lha inaiiiy wara Aol abia anabgh
nor tuiM ruuuKli to blmlar th< ni, hrrauaa of Ihalr
Uraal I'mititfr. ^u lha p<ni|il>' of Jilirth wrnt
all in (vnaral, ami burUil thiir bilita in lha
bial plin'c nf ihair rountry, wlmh waa namail
Aronriii ami Ihay iibaarvnl a |hiI|IU iMi<tiiiini(
fur lli'iM aivfn'Uaira, with Ihrir wivaa anj iihil-
ilran, bratin'^ Ibair limala, ami hunanlioK lh|i
king ami hi« aoin, without ( illiar tafling nu'!>l «t
ilriuk 1 till Ihr ••vniiin."]
V. Tulbia hiaaail rm|iH<l Saulnimr.arriinllil
to lh« |iniphriy of Maiiinil, lu >.«««• ha >li«iibryad
tlia roiiiiiiaiHlt of (i<Hl aliroil Ihw AiiMliikitia, »nil
on lha ai-rounl of hia diatnijitn^ thr ftmily uf
Ahiuii li'Cb lha hl^h lint -I, Willi Aliinirlri h fiini<
•rir, and lha lily iMfllir biuh priiata. NowHi'uli
whi'i) ha had F«%n«d i i|tlil«r|) yaara, whilr H*..
niH'l WH* Uliva, ami afirr Ilia ilralh [lw« and
twenty,] andud ilia tifc In tbia iiiMMri
•aniliaafiioaa wrnlhar In tlia Ailrlatir l>»ai aa varaa t7,
Uf that uai (tiMi tiMiiiaaiilli i|ny alona llo-y tiad con
iliiiiKilftwIiii, ami iutd tiiliFn mrililng liafora r*rnln|.
Tlia naanlMnnfinalr (aa/ Ki'riaaao, yar, 'Jl, tnrllaaa
mm til liailwva lie lornirr ripliiailiiii lu b« tiia tiutli, and
IfMl Ihit raaa waa tlian Ibra <i,r<aif *r wliatM waahara
fmt a *"''i, tliat ilu-y kapt all Itmaa itnya aatlraly M
I'smU till tha avcnlni, but not Ivuirr. Ha« Judc. II.
M, ml. «; I Dmi. Ot. Ml li ■■M.I. ili| AlMl«, b, vU.
cbap. Ml. »«t.4.
BOOK vn. .
OCtMTAIMNO THE IITTREVAl. Ot FORTtf ¥«.\RH.-Pill)M THE DBAtH OF BAUL TO TUB
IMUIIf>H er PAVID.
CHAP. 1.
How Dmvid nigntd over on« 7W6« at t/thmm,
lahih the Soit (JT fiaul reifMil ovtr (Aa rrff
<iflk$MuUUudt; and how in the (ioil War,
mkUk (A«n anua, Aiuhil mndAhnir wtrt $lain.
I I. TliM flcbt proved to be oii (h« auine ilty
whercoD Davtn waa come hack In Ziklag, ■tier
ba h*d over'-nnie ihe Anialekilra. Now when
h« had btrcOtalrrntly two day* at Zikli^ tliare
immx to Iiiiw4|i« man who tlvW Saul, wbirb wia
(ba third day afti'i- the licht. lie bad a'acapiEd
out of the battle whii:li lh<i Iinirlitrt had with
that I'hillHtim'a, and hnd hit cluthrt rl'nt, and
Mliea upon Ilia bead. And when he had made
Itia obeiaance tp Dayiil, he inquired of hint
whence be eatqa. Ha rejpiicd, from the battle uf
the larariitrii and he inloniied him.that the end
of it waa unCirtunala, uiany ten tboutanda of the
Itraelitei having brvn cut olT, and Saul. tOKcther
with hid jioni, aUio. Hf alio aaid, tbat ha
eould well f[iv* 'tit" t'da iofornwlian, bacauae be
ma preaent at the victory ciiined over tha He-
bfCiH. and wat with the king when be fed..
Nor itad he deny thnt he had niiDtelf ilain the
king, when hu waa tvady to bii taken by the
•acmy. nnd he hiiuti If eihoited him to d« it,
bMauir. when her wan ftillen on hia aword, hia
denionttrationi that the king ••■• ilain. twhirh
wcrr the j^oldrn liraridel«i thai had heim on the
king't junM^ ami liia cruwn, ,whirb he had taken
■way from Saul't dead liody, ami had brought
tlieiii to hlin, Su D^vM having iio lungar any
room to r^ll in i|iteitlibn lli« truth uf wh^l h«
•■id, but aeetiig iiiual evident urarka Ih^l S^ul
wn» dead, he rent hir (famienia, and cunlinuad
all that day with /Ilia cutiuianioiit, in wtiruiag
■nd Uiuentation. Tbia, grief war Hagnienird b*
the cnoaidemliuti of JuohIIihii, tlii: tun of Saul,
who had been bit niual f,i)thful friend, nnd tha
occaaiuD of Hia oi«tl dclivvraorr. He hiao d«-
tnontlnUed himtidf to have aueh great virtue,
and auch grew^ kindifcta fur Saul, at nut only to
ta|le hia deatbfa heart, though be had bean fjrc-
quently in.danger of loainji; hia lifn by hia imiana,
but to punllh biiu th,<t ih'W hiiii: for when
David hail taid to him th.it he had become hia
uwii aeciiMr, at thits vtirv aian who had tiain Ilia
king, and when be' had underaloud that be-waa
the.aiHi uf an Aiiialekite, be coiiiniiDdcd him to
be alaio. He alto cii^initled to Kritiag. aooic
lamcnfii^iona ami funeral cntnniaittlaiioiM of Saul
and JbHktbaji, which bava cdalinuad to aly ot»a
age. "
S. Now when DaHd bad' paid thaaa hoaen t«
the king, he left off his mourning: and inqitlrad
of Oo d by tha proplul, wh i ch of t ha cil laa of t aa
g re at wou ii il i h.id lu ida h i m ao w ea k th » t h e ...
waa not able to kill himatlf. Ha aba produced I tribe of Judab ha would baalow ypo« bint la
140
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
I ^■-
dwell in 7 Who Miwercdt (hot ha bcttowcd
a|)Qn him Hebron. So ho left Ziklafr, and CHiiie
. o Hebron, and took with him Ida wive>, v.hn
'^rere in number two, and hit armed men; tvlurt:-
upoii all ',h« people of th« fbrenientioned tribe
rame to him, and ordained liint their <kinf. But
when he heard thiit the inhabitunU of Jaboth-
(lilead had buried ShuI and hia nonx, [honora-
bly,] he sent tu thi'ni and conimmdiid tlieni, and
took what they had done kindly, and prnniiaed
to moke them amends for thoir cure of thniie that
were dead; and at the unie lime he informed
them, that the tribe of Judah»had chuicn hiin fur
Ihrir king.
; 3. But a* aooii at Abner, the ton of Kfr, who
wat general of Saul't arniy, and a very active
iMiin, and good-natured, knew that the king, and
Jonathan, and hi* two other tons, were fallen in
(he battle, he made batte into the camp;, and
taking away with him the remaining xin of SunI,
whofe name wat Ithbotheth, he pelted over the
land beyond Jordan, and <irdained him thr king
of the whole multitude, excepting the tribe of
Jiidah; iind made hit royal teat iA u ptarr (lullfd
in oufxOM'n lHngua|;e Miibaiuim, but in the lan-
guage of the <iri:ciHn«,'I'heCRmpt; from whence
Abner made haste with a select Duify of toldicm^
to fi)i;ht with tuch of the tribe of Judah us Mere
dia|)o>ed to jt, for he was angry that, this tribe hud
. set up David for their king., Ilut'Joab, whoiio
lather was Suri, and hit mother Zeruiafa. David's
sister, who was efiirral of David's nrmv, niit
hiin, according to David'* appointment, lie had
with him hit brethren Abithai and Asuliel, at also
all David's armed men. Now when he met Ab-
ner at a certain fountain, in the city of Ciibeon,
1^ prepared to fight. And when Al^iicr siiid to
mill, that he had a mind to know w!<j(h of thoni
had the moM valiant soldiers, it was agreed be-
tween them, that twelve loldiers of each side
(hould fight together. So tliotn that were chosen
out byboth th« generals for this fight, conic be-
tween the ,tw0 aniiies, and throwiiy; theii' Innces
one against the other, thty drew their SH^ords,
•nd catching one another by the head, they In Id
one another fast, and ran each other's twurds
into their lidei *nd groins, until they all, as it
were by mutual agreement, perished together.
When these were fallen down dead, (he rest of
the army came to ■ tore battle, and Abner't iiien
were beaten; and when they were bcHten, Jynb
did not leave off purtuing them, but he pressed
npon them, and excited the soldiers to fidlow
them close, and not to grow wearv of killing
. them, llis brethren also pnrtueu thrin with
rreat alacrity, and e<)iecially the younger, Atr»-
nel, who was the mo«t eminent of them. He
was very fftinout forhif swiftness of foot, C6i> he
could not only be too hard for men, but it report-
ad to have overrun a horse, when they hud a race
tpgether. I'hit Asahel ran violently after Abiier,
and would not turn in the least out of the straight
way, Either to the one tide or to the other.
Hereupon Abner turned l>ack, and attempted art-
fully t? avoid his violence. Sometimes he bade
hihi leave off the pursuit, and' take the armor of
oneoi hit toldiers; and soiiictinie«, when he could
not pertuade him to to do, he exhorted him to
.restrain himself, and not to pursue him any
longer, lest he should force him lo kill him, and
he should then not be nblo to look bit brother in
the face. But when Atahel would iwt admit of
^ny pcnuation, but itil| continued to pursue him,
Abner Huiote him ivitfi hit apear, at he held it in
bit Might, and that hy a back itroke, and gave
bim a deadly wound, to that he died immediate-
ly; but those that were with him punniog Ab-
ner, when they came to the place where Atahel
lay , th'ey ttoud round about tbf dead body, anci
left oflT the pnrtiiit of tha enemy. However,
both Joab hiiii>i:lf and his bnjihvr Abithai rta
pi«.<( the dead corime,* and muking (heii- anger nt
the death of Atiinrl an orcasiim of greater leal
against Abner, tliey went on with iiicrtMliblo
haste and alacrity, and pilrsued Abner to a cer-
tain place called Aniinan: it was about sunset.
Then did Joa6 ascend a certain hill, at he tlood
nt that place, having (h« tribe of Hertjaiiiin willi
[before] him, whence ho took a view of them and
of Abner ulto. Hereupon Abner c*^d aloiiil,
and taid, " That it was not fit that they ihoiild
irritate men of the tame nation to fight so bitter-
ly one neainst another;, that as for Atahel his
brother, lie WHS biiiiself [n the wrong, when ho
would not be ndviftfd by him not to pursue him'
any furllicr, which was the occanioh of his ivound-
iiip and dcnlh." So Juab cuhtenleii to What h«
wild, and occcpted these his words As an excuse '
aliout [AMihiJ.] iind called the toldiers back with
th* sound of the trumpet, as tt ntgnHl for their
retreat, and thereby put a stop to any further
pnriuit. After which Joab pitched hit camp
llieri} llinl ni^ht^ but Abner marched all that
ni];ht, and passed over the rivef Jordan, and
came to Ishbnsheth, Said't ton, to Muhuiiaiin.
j)n the next diiv Jonb counted the dead mm, and
took care of all th*ir funiTals. Now thi re were
sluiii of Ahner't soMiers about three hundred and
sixty, but of those of David ninctK-n, and Atn-
hel, whose body Joab and Abishni carried to
Kelhleheiii; anil K hen they had buried him in
llio sepulchre of their fiithcrs, they eome to Da-
vid to Heliniii. I'rohi this time, therefore, there
began iin iiilrstinc war, whicli Insli.d a groat
while, in wliich the followers of David grew
slroii;;er in (he ilnii|rcrs they underwent, and tlie
servants and snfjects of haul's ton did almost
every day become yvenker.
.4. About this time Dnvid wat become the fa-
ther of six sons, born of n» many inothert. Tlie
eldest W'la by Ahiiionm, ami he was called Am-
noMi the second w:>» Daniel, by his wife Abigaij;
tb« name of tbe third was Absalom, by Maacah,
the (laughlcr of Tnlmni, king of Ocshur; the
fourth he named A'dnnijiih, by his wife Hnggitb;
the fifth was Siiephntia, liy Abital; tlie' sixth he.
oallrtl hhrtHiii, by I'.'rinh. JVow while this in(e»-
tine war went on, and the subjects of the two
kings came frequently to action ami to fighting
it was Abner, the general of the host of Saul t
son; who, by hit prudence, and the great interest
he had aiiiuni; the multitude, made them all coa,-
tinue with Uhboshetli : and indtcd it was 8 coij-
siderablo time that they continued Of bis -party,
but afterward Abner was blamed, and an accusa-
tion was laid Hg.-iinut him, that hewent in to Saul's
concubine; her name was Kispah, the daughter
of Aiali. So when he was CDmplnined''pf by Ish^ ,
boshcfi, he was very Uneasy and angry nt it, bis- ■■
cause he had -not justice done him by Ishbosheth,'
to whom he had thown the greateel kindness; '
whereupon he threatened that he wtmld transfer
the kingdom to OavicP, and demonstnite that he
did not rule over tlie people beyond Jordan by
his own abilities and wiRdnni, but by his warlike
conduct and fidelity, in leading liis army. So he
sent BQibassadors to Hebron to David, and flesi-
•■^jMiiat he wquld give him tecufity upon ontb,
tW* be^would esteem him his conjpanion and hit
friend, ubon condition that he should persuade
the people to leave Saul's to.n, and choose him
kiuff of the whole country. And wheii UaVid
had made that league with Abner, fu: he was
pleased with bis message to him, he desired that
he would give this a« the first mark of perfonn-
ancc of the present league, that he might hnye
his wife Michal restored to him, as her whom
be bad purchaied with great hazards, and with
..v.*"!"'!' •'•"""he n»t'd,lh»t Ji)ah,and Ahtohai, ofhla titter Zerulah, aa 1 Chron. ii. «; and that Aman
and Aialiel, were all three David^i nephew*, tt* tona waa altohii nephew by hit other tiilcr Abi(ail,Tcr. 17
m^
BOOK VIL-CnAF. I.
141
thoie i)x hundrcii heads of the Pbiliitinci which
h« hm\ brou|(hl to Saul her fdher. Su Abner
took Michtl troni Flmltivl, who wtii th»n her hut-
band, did iwnt Ijer toDuWd, I(bboih«(h biniirlf
ulfurdiiic; him hit anaittiincei fur David huitivrit-
(eii tu hiiii thai of right he ou|^t lo have lliit bit
wife rrttored tohiiu. Abnvraliocallrd tof^elher
the eldcri of the multitude, the coinmandera, und
captain* of thounahdi, and ipalie Ihu* to them:
thai, " he had Airuterly pcriUHded tliviii (rom their
own rciolution when they were ready to furiake
Iihbuaheth, and to join tht'niieUcI to David;
thai, however, he now gave them leave «o to do,
if they had a mind to it, for they lin<:w that God
bad appointed David to be kin^ of alt the Hc-
brt'wa, by Samuel the prophet: and had forefuld
that he thould nuiiiih tlie Fhilittinea, and over-
•coiae them, and bring tlieni under." IS'owwlien
the elder* and ruler* beai-d thia, and undentood
that Abner wntconie over lo thoie aeutimenU
about tbe public uflnir* tvhicli they were oil b«-
fAre, they changed their measurea, and came in
tu David. When theae iueu had agreed to Ab-
ner'* propoaal, ha cullud together the tribe of
Ueiyauiin, for all of that trtbe were (he guard*
of lahboaiii'lti'a body, uud he apuko tu Ihi.'in to
the aame purpuae. And when he aaw that they
did not in the least oppoac what he aaid, but ri:-
aigned theniaelve* iip to hia opinion, lie took
about twenty of hi* Irienda, and caiue lo Dnv4^l,
in order to teceive hiniaelf lecurily iipo" butll
t'roi^'hiiu; fur we may juatly eateeni tliuge lhin;;!>
to be lirmer, which everyone of ua d" by uur-
lelvcg, than tlioae wliich we du by anntlier. He
uUo gave him ah account. of whot he hud anid lu
the rulera, and to the whole tribe of benjainiu.
And when David hud received hini in tf courleoua
.iiiamicr, and had treated him with great huapiliii>
lity lor many dnya, Abner, when he was disiniaa-
«d, desired him to permit him to bring the mul-
titude with him, that be might deliver up the
Koveruroent to liini when David hinfself was
preacut, and a ipectatof of what wn* done.
5. When David had aent Abner nway, Juab
the general of his arniy, came imincdiuteiy to
Hebron, and wlieii he, had understood that Ab-
ner had been with David, and had parted with
him a little before, under Ica<;iie8 and ugreimenU
that the govcniment ■i^wid be dclivureil uj> tu
David, he feared lest DaWI
M ahould place Aliner,
who had aaaiati'd him to gain the kiii;;dam, in
the fii'si rank of diguity, especially i>in< <^ lie \yua
a abrewd man in otber reanects, in understanding
affaira, and'in managing tliem artft^ly, as projier
'teaaonaihould require, and that he «lK'Uld hmi-
lelf be put lower, and be deprived of llic com-
mand of the army ; ao he took a knavish and
wicked courae. In the first place, he endeavor-
ed to calumitiate Abner to the king, oxhurtiii;.;
him to tmve.a care of bun, ond not to give sitten-
tion to ^diat he had engaged to do for him, be-
cause alLae did tended to confirm the guycrn-
uicnt tO'-saura son ; that became to him deceit-
fully and with guile, and was gone awny in
hopes 6f gaining hia purpose ,by this manage-
ment. But when he could not thus persuiide
'David, nor aawhim at alf exasperated, he betook
htlnself to a project bolder than the former. Hn
determined to kill Ab^ijtr; and in order thereto
he -aent aome meaaeiigers after him, to whom he
zaVe in charge, that when they ahouldtOvertaVe
aim, thcv ahould. recall him in Dav|<r8 name,
and tcU^lifn jHiat he had somewhat to say to
him. aM^iii^^aU'iiirs, which he had hot remem-
bered to!«{i^k of when he waa i^ith him. Now
when Abhet-h'vard what the messengers ssiid, (for
they overtook him in a certain place called Be<-
sira, which was distant froni/ Hebron twenty
furlongs,) he suspected none of the mischief
ner'S moat benevolent •cqaainlwice and fruBd;
fur such a* undertake the vilett action*, in order
to prevent the autpicipn of any private miachief
intended, do frc(|u»nliy make the grcaleat pre-
tences lo what really guml men *iucerely do. Su
he took him aaide from hi> own fullowart, a* if
he would speak with him in private, and brought
him to a void place of Ihe gate, having himaelf
i^obody with him but hit brothrr-Abianai; thea
he drew hi* tword, and smute bimiu the groin;
upon which Abner died bv this treachery of
Joab'a, which, a* he laid himaelf, wat in tbe
way of puuiihment for hia brother Atahcl whom
Abner.amotc and alew ua he waa pursuing alter
him in'iha battle of Hebron, but astlie truth waa,
out of hisfu»roftuainghis command of Ihe aruiv,
ami hia dignity with Ihe king, and leal he ahould
lie deprived of thoae advahtagea, and Abner
ahould obtain the first rank in" David'* coim.
By these examples any one may learn, hdw
many and how grist inslances of wick'edoeaa
men will venture upon, lor the take of i gUtinr
money and aulhurity, and tliut they may |uui fail
of either of tjiem: fui-aa when they are Desirous
of ubtaiuing the taqie, they acquire iheiii by ten
thousand evil praclices, to when they ul;e.«fraid
of losini; them, they, get them cunlirni»t to thcllv
I by practices niucli worse ttian tiie former, as if
[uoj other culainity au terrible couhl befall them
us the failure of acquiring ao exalted an autho-
rity, and when th^y have acquired it, and by long
custom found the swcelnuss of it, the losing 4t
again; nnd stnca thia last would be tlie lieavieat
ol all uAIictitiiis, they all of them cuirfrive and
venture upun the moat dillicnlt actions, out of the
fear of losing the same. Uut let it auflicc that I
have made these ahort rellcctions upon that
suljjcct.
*>. W'hen David heard that Abner w:'" slain, i;
grieved his soul; iind be culled all men towi';
nesa, with stretching out hia hands to tiod, an.
crying out, that he was not piirlaker in the iniii -
der of Abner, and that his Uealh was nut procu-
red by his command or approbation, tie also
wished the heaviest curses .might light upon him
that slew him, and upun hi* whole house;' and
he devoted t.'iose that had asaisted him in this
murder to tlie hame penalties on it* account^ for
he took care not to appear to have had any hand
in this inui'der, contrary to the assurances he
had given, und the oaths !>o had taken to Abner.
However, he commanded all the peo|i|e to w«ep
and laniunt this man, and to honor his drad
Ixidy with the usual aolemuities; that is, by reim-'
ing their garments, and putting on sacKcloth,
and that thia ahould be' the habit in which they
sliould go before the bier, after which he followed
it hims«f|f, with the elders und those that were
rulers, lamenting Abner, and by his tears de-
monstrating his good-will to him while he was
alive, and his sorrow to him now he was dead,
and that he was uut taken oil' with his consent.
Su he barieil' h Sin at Hebron, in a magnificent
nmnner, and indited funeral elegies for him: he
also stood first over the monument weeping, and
caused othera to do the aame; nay, ao deeply did
the.death of Abner disorder him, thut his com-
^niiins could hf no means Ibrce hhii to take any
luod, for he affirmed with an qath that he would
taste nothing till the sun was set. This proce^
durti gainedlnini the good-Will of the niultitude;
for such as had' an alltction for Abner were
mightily' satisfied With the resnt ct he paid him
when ho was dead,' and the obscivation of that
faith he. had plighted to him, wiiicb was showed
ill his vouchsafing biini all the: usual ceremonies,
as if he had been his kinsman and his friend,
and notsnil'criiig him to be neglected and injured
with a dishonorable burial, as if he had been
h i * e n e my; iu a ouiuch thut the e ntire nation t «-
w hi c h w as befulhng him, and came back. — l li i * e n e my ;
Hereupon Joab met him in l^« gate, and received joicrd at the king's gentleness and mildness of
him in the kindest manner, as if he were Ab- , dlstesition, every one being ready tu suppoM
Lsripsitii
t
■■• ■*> .
*
\^'
142
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
tbat'tha kinr «roald b*T« Uken the nine ckn
of liiem in inn like circumiUuirei, vrliich the;
~^w he ihanrd in the burial of llie deid body
oV^bner. And indeed David principally intenJ-
ed \o gain a jfood reputatioo, and therefore he
too|( crire to do whatjtrat proper in thia cato;
whence ooae had anj (uipicjon that ha was the
/ autbur of Abner'i death. He alao laid thi« to the
maltilude, thai "lie was fp-eatly troubled ut the
death of lo good a man ; and that the affairi of lh%
Hebrewi hud iulfered great detriment bv being
deprired of him, tvho wat of lo great abilitiea to
preterye them by bia excellent advice, and by
the atrength of hia handa in war. Dut he added,
that Goil.who huth a regard to all men'aactiona,
will not aiillir thia man [Joab] to gooffiinreven*
gcd ; but know ye, that I am not able to do any
thing to llicac aons of Zeruiali, Joab and Am-
*hai,-ivbo hiive more power than I have, but God
will requite their inaoleiit attempta upon their
own heada:" and thia waa the fatal concluaion
of thelifeofAbiier. "
CHAP. n.
That upon tht Hlanghttr.nf, hhbothtth J>y the
Treaekery of hit fritndi, David received the
,■ whole Kingdom.
{ 1. Whim lahboahclh the aon of Saul had
heard of the death of Abmr, he look it to heart
to be deprived of a man that waa of hia kindred,
and liad inileed given hint the kingdom, but was
greatly afllicted, aud Abner'ajdrnth very much
truubied him; nor did Ife hiiiistlf outlive any
long time, but waa trcncherourly act upon by the
fcona of Riiuiuon, (Baanah and Rcchab were their
nanica,) und waa alain by them; for tlieae being
: of a family of the Kenjamitct, and of the firat
rank among them, thought iliat if they ahould
alay Isliboalirlh, they ahpuld obtain large pre-
senta from David, and be made comniandera by
him ; or, however, ahould have at>me other trunt
Rommitted to theni) So when they once found
luni alone, aaleep at noon, in aji upper room,
when none of hia guarda were' there, and when
the woman that kept the door was nut Watching,
but waa fallen aaleepalao, partly on account of
the labor ahe bad undergone, and partly. on
account of tBe heat o/ th^ day, these jiieii went
into the room in which lahboiihi'th, Saul's son»
lay aaleent and slew him;' thty alao'cut off hia
bead, anjl Hook their journey all that uight, and
the next day, aa auppoaing thuniaelvea flying
•way from thoae the^ had injured, to one that
would accept of tbia action aa -a favor, and
would afford thtm aeciirity. So they came- to
Hebron, and showed DaviJ the hend of hhbo-
thetb, and preaented therasitelvea to him aa his
wcll-wiahera, and such as had killed one that waa
his enemy and antagonist.— Yet David did not
reliah what they had done aa th*y expected, but
said to them, " Vou vile wnlchpa, you aliall im-
mediately- receive the punishment you deserve.
Did not you know what vengeance 1 executed on
him that murdered Saul, tmd brpuj^ht me bia
crowp of gold, and thia while he who madS thia
slaughter did it as a favor/to him, that he mifht
you with mat good witl tml rtipeeiT Where
fore you shall suffer the punishment due on hia
account, and the vengeance I ought to inflict opcni
you for killing lahboaheth, and for auppoaing'
that I ahould take hia death kindly at your
handa; for'you could not lay a greater 'blot on my
honor, than by niaking sucli a supposal." When
David had said this, he tormented them with all
sorts of torments, and then put them to death :
and he bestowed all. accuitomcd rites on th>^
burid of the head of labboshetb, and laid it in
the grave of Abner.
2. When theaa things were brought to thia
concluaiop, all the principal men of toe Hcbraw
peonle came to David to Hebron, with the heada
lOf tliouaanda, and other rulera, and delivered
theniaclves up to him, putting him in mind of the
d^ood-will they had borne to him in Saul'a life-
time, and the respect they then had not ceased
to pay him when be was captain of • thousand
pleased wilb men th^re wicked doers, and'tes-
teem your vile action? when you are become
muKIerers of your_ iilastr.r, aa grateful to me,,
when you have slain a righteous man upon his
bed, who never did eiril to any body, and treated
* This may be a true observation of Joseplma, that Sa-
■soel, by rommand from Uod, entailed the rrown on Da-
tM and bis po^riiy, for no fart her did t bat entail ever
rear h . Hol n ni o n hi i ii a c l f having' nc ycr h a d any p ro m i a e
aa also that he waa choaeA of Gud by Sflnuel the
prophet, he and hia sona:* and declaring beaides.
now Cod had given him power to aaye the land
of the Hebrews, and to overcome the Philiatinj
Whereupon he received kindly. lUftheii^^alaci
on hia account, and cxROrted llfem. tocontini
in it, for that they ahould have no reaaon to
neut of beinji: tiiuadiiipoaed tohini. So when
hati' feasted llir.ni, and treated them kindly, be'
sent them out to bring all the people to him.,
upon which there came to him about six thoi||;'
sand and eight hundred armed men of the tribe *
of Judah, who bare f hields and speara for their -
weapona, for these had [till now] continued with
Saul'a son, when the rest of the tribe of Judah
had ortlained David for thejr Line. There cainV
alao seven thoiiaand and oiic hundred out oi' the .
tribe of Simeon. Out«f the tribe of Levi came
four thousand and aeven hundred, having tehoia-
da for their Icadejf. After tlicse came Zadok, '
the high priest, with twctkity-tv.r} captains of bi*^ \
kindred. Out of tie tribe of lit ijaoiin the armed
men were four thoii{satid, but the rest of the tribe
continued, atill expecting that aome one of the
hoiiao of Saul bhould reign over theni. Thoee .
of the tribe of Kphraiin were twenty thousand
and eight hundred, and theae mighty men ol
valor, and eminent for their strength. Out of
the half tribe of Manasseh came eighteen thoit-
aand of the ninst potent men. Out of the tribe of
Issachar came two hundred, who foreknew what at
was to come hereafter,} but of armed men '
twenty thousand. 'Of the tribe of Zebulon 6fty
thousand chosen men. .This was the only trit
that came universally iv to David, and all th«L
had the same weapona with the tribe of Gad.
Out of the trij[>e of Naphtali the eminent men
and rulers were one thousand, whose weapoiw
were shields and speara, and the tribe itself fol-
lowed after, beins, in a manner, innumerable,
[thirty-acven thouaknd.] Outof the tribe of Dkn
there were of cnoaen men twenfy-aeven thou-
aand and aix hnndred.XOut of the tribe of Aaher
.were forty thouaand. Out ofthe two tribes that
were beyond Jordan, and the rest of the tribe of
Manasseh, such as used shield^, and spears, and
head pieces, and swords, were a htlndred and
twenty thousand. The reat of the tribes alac
made use of- aworda. This multitude came .to-
gether to Hebron to David, lyith a great quantity
of com, and Wine, and all othersorta of food.and
established David in bis kingdom with one con-
sent. And when the people had rejoiced for
three days in Hebron, David and all the people
removefland came to Jeniaalem.
ter," are bast paraphrased by the paral|,el text, I Chron.
xii. SS; •• Who bad understanding of the times, to
know what Israel ounbt to do;" that ia. Who had i
«
^^- '
■-,^
*
•«T- .
.
■ -, ■ /t
JhwVa
......*« km
oil* «/
ihereit
( ■
\ t*-,N
\ ahta of .
.
I naanites.
9i
and the
, the wall.
that the
a
,; of his p5
■ of their
, began th
utmost (1
ingbytl
< liowef.a
' lirthelil
'•^ took the
^oot still
that the
' encourai
iKMk
., .'^ miscd ti
•> that
much knuwledga i^ astronomy aa to make cilmdtri
for the Israelites, th^t th*y mifht keep their feativals,
ana plow and sow, and ^gather in their fearvaats and
vintage in due I
I
made him that bis posterity should always have the
r^hltoil.
t These words o^ losephus concnrnhig the tribe of
lanchar," who foreknew what was ttf come bereaf-
BOOK VU.-CHAP. III. IV.
14«
^ CHAP. III. I
liow David laid SUgt lo J»ruiaUm; awivhtn
„ *« h<><k /•*«» '*« «<'!(• «<"' '*« Coi«ia»f/«i
et/< o/U,andbretfghlMtht Jtvi to inhabit
thtrtin.
t 1. Now the Jcliaiilci. who were the inhsbit-
*tiU of Jerutalem. «ml were by citrartion C«-
nunilei. iliut their g»te>, »nd plHced the blind,
'■ml the lame, tnd aHtheir nHiniedpersoni.upon
, the well,.ia way of deriiion of the king; and said,
that the very lame themielvcs would binder bit
, eotranc* into it. Thii they did out of conteippt
of hit power, and aa dependini^ on the ttrenfth
of their walla. David was berebjLenraged, and
ben^n the aiei^ of Jemaalem,- and employed hii
utmoit diligence and alacrity therein, ai inlerid-
inc by the taking of thia place to dempnitrate hit
' power, and to intimidate all othera that might be
(jfthe like [evil] diinotition towarda him: lO he
'■*[ took tha lower city by force, but the citadel held
'out ttill;* whence it Waii that the king, knowing
that the propowl of dignities adil rewards would
encourage the soldiers to greater actions, pro-
,' miscd that he who should 6rst go over the ditch-
es that were bcaeath the citadel, and should as-
cend to the citadel itself and take it, should have
the command of the entire people conferred upon
him. So they all were ambitious to ascend, pmd
thought BO pain* too gr^t in order to ascend
thither; oat of their desire of the chief com-
mand. HowMgri Joab, the ion of Zeruiah, pre-
Tcnted the resrntnd as »oon as he was got up to
the citadel. criM out to the king, ancF claimed
the chief command.
3. When David bad east the Jebutites out of
the citadel, be also rebuilt Jerusalem, and named
it 'Til* City of David,* and abode there all. the
time of his reign: but for the time that be reign-
ed over the tribe of Judah only in Hebron, it was
seven yean and six months. Mow when be had
chosen Jterusalem to be his royal city, his aflttirs
did more and more prosper, by the providence of
God, who.tobk care that they should improve and
. be augmeMed. Hiram also, the king of the Ty-
nans, sent ambassadors to him, and made a jeague
of mutual friendship and assistance with him. He
alio sent him presents, cedar trees and mechar
\ aics, iAd men skilful in building and architetture,
\ that they might build him a royal palace at Jeru-
'^talem. Now David made buildings round about
the lower city: he also joined the citadel to it,
and made it one body: and when he had encom-
passed all with walls, he appointed Joab to take
* What our other eoptea say of Mount Bion, aa alone
properljr called the ct<ir<t^jM^,S8am.v.6—«, and of
tlda tta alege and conquest now by DavM, Josepbus ap-
plies to the whole cityof Jeruaalem, ihiNigh ineludhig
tbecitadel alao: by what autliorily we do not know; per-
napa after David iMd united them to(ether, or joined
tbecitadel to the tower city, aaaect. S, Joaephua esteemed
them aa one city. However.tbisnoiionseeniatoliecon.
flrmel by what Joaaphus aays eoncerniiig David'a and
many other klhgaof Jiidah'a aepulehres, whichr^aa the
authors of the books of klnia andcbronlclea aay, itere
hi tt* eitf <i/Z>a«U, ao does Joaephua stillsay Ibey were
in Jerusalem; Tksepalebie or David aeeme to lia«e
been also a known Ikce in the aeveral days of Hyrca-
nua, of Herod, and #Bt. feler; Antlg, b. xiil. eh. Tiit,
■ett.4;b. xvi. cb.TiI.seet.U Aetaii.n. Nownesneb
rOyal aepalcbrea h«ve been ftmad about Hoant Ston, bat
' are found cloae by the north wall of Jaruaatom, which I
■uapecitberefbretohatheaaTeryaepalehrea. Bet the
note on chap. xv. aect. 3. In the aMamiOM, Jottphut'a
expHcaUoDoflbe leiu, aid Ike ttni, mti ilu «um«(,
ataettokeepthiscttyoreHadelitteaitto be theUrutb,
aadgiveatbebestII|httothathialoryhio«rBiMe. Mr.
Ottlua truly obaervn, eM.Havercamp, p.30S,that Jo-
tephut ncvtr mentiona Mount Bion ay that nuoe, at
ttking it fiMT an appellative, aa I aappoae, and not for a
piopfr nanw: heatill either atylea it the cila<«< or the
•pper nly; nor do 1 aee any reaton for MrJMtfaia'b evil
care of them. It was David, therefore, who fatl
cast the Jcbusiles out of Jerusalem, ai)d caUad it
by his own name, the City of David: for tadar
our forefather Abraham Jt was called [SaleU or]
Solyma:f but after that time soma iaytha\Hp-
iutpleto i it about this piw i edm e uf Ju it pliU K-
tSonia copiea of Joaephua have here 8*ifaM or aa-
Im, and othtia aitrmtlumft or /trtuilim, Tkt lat.
Solyi._., — . "..... ■...- J — , ,7.,\ t
mer mentions it by the name of 8olyma, mdr Ba«;
named the temple Solyroa, according to ID* HS:
brew ianruare, which denotes security.]] Now ..
the whole time from the warfare under Joahua .
our^Mncnil against the Canaanites, and from that
warlnwhiehTie overcame them, and distributed
the land aniong the Hebrews, (nor could t^e Is.
raelites ever cast the (;Bnii«iiit«s out of Jenipa-
lem until (histime, when David took it by'siege.)
this whole time was five hundred and fifteen
ycars.r ,. L u
3. I shall now make mention of Araunah, who
wat a wealthy man among'the Jebutites, but Was
not slain by DaVid ii^the siege of Jerusalem, be-
cause of the good will he bore lo the Hebrews,
and a particular benignity and affection which he
had to the king himtelf, which I shall Uke _a
more seasonable opportunity to speak of a little
afterward. Now David married other wivet
over and above those which he had before: he
had also concubines. Th« torn whom he had
were in number eleven, whose names were Am-
non, Emnot, Eban, Nathan, Solomon, Jebao,
Elien, Pbalna, Ennaphen, Jenae, Eliphale; and
a daughter, Tamar., Nine of these were bom
of leutimate wives, but th» tw» last named^of'
concubinet: and Tamar had the same niother
with Absaloni.
CHAP. IV.
TTiaf U)^(n i>atiul Aod con^ucrcil the PhilUltnii,
who made If or Bgaimt him aiJtruiultm^
removed theArktoJentiakm, andhadamind
tobuildaTemfU.
> 1. When the Pbilittihet nnderttood that
David wat made king of the Hebrewi, they
made war againti him at Jerusalem; and when
they had seixed upon t^at valley which it called
the valley of the GianU, and ia a place not far- ,
from the city, they -pitched their camp therein. -
But the king of the Jewi, who npvfr permitted
himtelf to do hny thing without pK>pheCT4 and
the command of God, and without depending on
him at a security for the time ,t6 Come, bade the
high priest foretell to him what wa* the will of
God, and what woald be the ievcnt of this bkttle.
And when he foretold that ha thould gain the
Victory, and th* dominion, he led hit army out
ter beat agree to what Joeepbut layt eltewhere. Of the
War. b. vl. cb. X.; that thit city wat called 8>/nM or 8a-
Jm before the dayt of ]lelchitedec,bat wat by hbn called
aitnflrwM Or Jehualem, I rather iuppaae tt to have
been ao called alter Abraham bad received that oracle
Jehovah Jinh, "Tba Lord vrill aee or provide," Gen-
xxii. 14. The latter Word J«r«*,witb a little alteratbin,
Rreflxed to the oM name Salem, Peue, will be Jtnuet-
m. And aince that expression, "God wlU ate,'*ar
rather, " God will provide himself a iMah for a batnt-
oiTering," ver.8, 14, ia there said to have been prover
biaKllfthe dayaof Moaet. tbit leemt to me the nwat
probable derivation of that name, which will then d«-
note, that" God would provide peace by that Lamb of
GOd, which waato take away the aina of the world "
However, that which it put into double brackela can
hardly be tuppdted the genuine wbrdiof Joaephiu,aa
Dr. Hudion well Judges.
lit detervea here to be remarked, that Baal very
rarely, and David jery frequently, contUltedGod by
tfrim; andtbatlMHi aimed alwaya to depend, nolon
hiiown prudence or abilitiee, but on the divine direc-
tion, contrary to Baal'a practice; tee ted. S, and the
note on Ahtiq. b. ili. ch. viU..tcct. 9. And when Baui'b
dao(hter(bat David'a wife.) Hicbal.taogbad at DavidV
dancbig before the ark, 3 8am. vi. M. Itc, and hera^
aect. 1, S, 7; It it probable she did as, bacauae bet (klhaT
did not useto pay such regard to the. ark. to llie Driai
»pa:
eiHr
thaw inqui r ed b y, ur l ufludls woi t fa lp b e foi e I t, a n d he-
eaaie the thought it beneath thedlgnUy of a Uni tab*
aarallgiout.
/i
■ ]f
f^
■*.>
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEW8.
^ Ac PfiiliatinMi whI iikcii i}tt b«t(l« «r«i
Md, ha came himMlf bahimi, and fall uuon tha
^aaamjr on' the luddeji^ and tlanr lonia oi them,
apd pit tha rest to Airht. And. let no one tup-
Ethat it waa a imall Srniy of thai i'hiliilinei
cama aninit the Hebrewt, aigueuio* ao
tSa iuddeanaai of thapr defeati aad'&om
thair having parfonwd.^ great action, or that
. waa worth racolding, from the ilownt^ii of their
anarch and want at coaraga; but let him khow
that all S^ria and Phonicia, with niaiiv,other na-
tjona baiiaei them, and thoae wnrlikte nktioni
A
aUo, ttme to their aiiiatiuice, and had a iliarit in
iti*ym. Which thing Waa (lie only cii««e whjj
whalRhay had jRaUio often conquered, and had
r 4'
lot^ ao inany (In thounndi of their ni^. they
^^ atill came upon the Hebrawa with greater ar-
miaa; jMyv indeed, when thar had lo often Med
. of thelVpurpote-in theie battlet, they come upon
DaVid with an army three timea a* nunieroua ai
bebra, and pitched (heir eanip on the wMue apot
of ground ai before. The king of hrael Ibore-
fort inquired of God again copcehoing the event
of the battle; aikd the high priait prouheried to
him that he thould ketd hik anoy in th« gfovei,
called tltf Uroveiof meping, which were not
br from the enemy >' camp, and tliat liy-ahotild
, not more, nor begip to firiit, till the trtn of the
SOTa thould^lbe iii motion without the wind's
owing; {>ut aa tooa ai'theM treei moved, and
., the time fitiretold to%im by.God was come, be
^thould^ithout delay go out to gain, what waa^
aheadv prepared, an evident victory; for the
sereral ranlit of the enemy's army 9id not aut-
taia hini,;but retreated at the first onset, whom
. he iloiety fallowed, and slew tllem as he went
aloAjK, and riqnged them to the city of Gaza,
(which it. the limit ofllt^ir country;) after this,
., . ha apoiled their camp, in which ho (oand great
richea; and he destroyed their godt.
2. When thit had proved' the event of the bat-
tle, David thought it proper, upon a consultation
with the eldert, and rulers, and CHptniot of
• Ihoaiands, to_ send for those that were in the
tower of their age, out of all his countrymen,
and out of the whole land, and withni (qt the
priests and thq Levitei, irf order to tjinia going
to Kiijatbjearim, to bring up the ark W God out
of that city, and to carry it to Jerusalem, and
^ ther< to keep it, and oirers1}efoM it thote ta'
erifices,* and those other honors, with which
God used to be well pleased: for had they done
thus in the reign of .Saul, they had not under-
gpiw any mat mbfprtunet at all. So when the
whole body of the people were come together, as
they had resolved ^o do, the king came to the
ark, which the priest* brought out of the houte
of Aminadab, and laid it upon a n«w cart, and
Sermitted their brethren and their children t6
raw H, together with the oxen. Before it
went the kinr and the whole multitude of the
people with him. singing hymns to God, and
makinUt use of all tortt of longt usual among
(heflk, with variety of the sounds of musical
inttrnnenta, and with dancing and singing of
paalmt, aa also with the sonnd of trumpets and
of cymMs, and so brought the'iiiMk to Jerusalem.
But at they were come to the threshing-lloor
of Chidon, a place to called. Unah waa alain
by the anger of God; for at the oien shook
the ark, he stretched'olit hit hand, and would
whieh preraae ratbnett, death waa the penahy b* the
law, Nnmh. IV. 1S,<9I>; tee the like (wfore,' Antiq. V Vi. ch.
i.atet4. ItlBBOtikinibaMethatthepntllncifaearkin
aewt, whan tt OBghtio have teen eanied by theprlaata
ar Lwltea, *■ it Wit pnttntly bate fai ioaepEiaaiio
earried tnm Otededamla hoota to David's, micbt
ke alto an occwloa of the ao^ of CM «a that
■eedt take hold of it. Nbtt becauie he
•Jeetphui teeoialobepartly inthe^ht, when be
£S!!lfc?^'i 'tal r2^ vJIIh'2£%.JS2^ JE"l' L t *>«Phna here iaformi^ tiiitaSOTdiiiiTa btoaV
5??! ?• **'!»•"•»**!'••) "'*>W^>Mref<M»)rtii|ck 'derttandlnROfthesenseofhiacopyaftbelPeillateicb,
fSL ^<>**V)*<I hinoelf fotetoM the baUdlBKof the temple.
not a priest, and yet touched th« arlr.God ttruci
himdead.f Hereupon both the king and the
people were disnieased at the' death of ITiiah;
and the place where he died it ttill called tht
Breack^r Uuah unto this day. So David
wat aTnid, and supposing that if, he Aceived
the ark to him^f into the city, he night suf-
fer iii the like Bianner at Uuah had suffered,
who, upon his bare puttinr out, his hand to the '
ark, died in the manner already ..'mcnfioned, he
did^ not receive it to hinitelf inte the city, but he >
took it aside unto a certain pU'ce b«loflgiii|t ton
righteoua man, whose name was Obededdm, lAto :,
was by hit foniily a ^evite, and depotited the ark
with liim; and it remained thure three entire '
mootha. This augmented the house pf Obede-
doni, and conferrad many blessings upon it. And.
when the king heard what had befallen Obcd«<
dom, how he was beconie, pf a poor man in a low:
kstate, eiceediQglv 'happy, and the object of en-
vy to all those who. saw or inuuired after his
bouse, ha took 'courage, and hoping tnat he-
yhould' meet with, no misfortune (helaby, h« .
tnlnfferretl the ark to his own house, (he priettt ''
carryirtg it, while seven companies of smgert,
yhff were set in that ordfer by the king, weiit be-
fore it, apd while he himself played upon the
harp, and joined In the muaic. insomuch, that
•when his Wife Michal, the daughter of Saul, who
WPS our first k'tti^ saw hiui to dbing, ah« laogA* ^ ^
ed at hiiq: But vnhen they had brought in the
ark, they praned it under the>t&bema£le which
Dnvid had pitched for it, and he offered coatly^ .
sacrifices and peace-offertngi, antt trea^d tlw '
whole "Tnuttitude, and dealt both to the wemeit
and the men, and the' infantt^ a Maf of breiid and '
another cake baked in a pan, with a portion oi'
the sacrifice. So when he had thus feuted t|ir ''
peopK, he tent them away, andvhe himself re-^ .
turned to his own hquse.
3. But when Michel bis wife, the dantfhter of
Saul, came and stood by hii^^he wished biinaill.
oth^er happv>esi; and entreated that wliattoever
he thould farther desire, to the utmost poss'i-
bilitv, might be given him by Godi.aadt^at he
might be favorable tp him; yet did the blaine
him, that Sp great a king as 'he WM should donee
after an unseemly manner, and in his daiKsiiig
uncover himself among the servjtn^ and the "
handmaidens. ' But he repfied,'' "That he^ww
not ashamec^ to do what was acceptable to God,
who had preferred him'b(efora her fother, and
befere all others; that be wouldrpray frtquenthr,' '
and dance, without ""y ''egard to what the
handmaiden* and she herself thought fit it." So
this Michel htid no children ; however, ^hen shr ^
tvu afterwards married to him to whom Saul her il
father had given her, (for at this time David had
taken her away from Jiim, and had her himself,)
the bare; fiv« ^children. t'But concernihg those
matters I shall discourse in a proper place. ^
4. Now, when the king saw that his affiura
grew better almost every day, by the WM of
God, he thought he shpufd offend him, if while
he himself continued in lioatea made of cedar,
such as were of a great height, and had the
most curions works of architiscture in theroi he
sh6pld overlook the 'ark whHi it ^as laid n a
tabernacle; and wat desirous to build a tepiple
to God, u Motet had predicted such 'a temple
abould be built.f And when he k^d diM&Ursed
with Nathan the prophet about thete (hii%*, and
bieaeb of hit law. Sea Numb. hr. IS; 1 Chroq; n. 13.
wbicl%et la nowhere tKat> I Know of in oar nrcitwf
JEOpieKaqil that this la nota-nMakeactdownbrbiM
■nwarjly, appeara by whaOtrmaerved before, AaHa
h. <». I'll; »Hl mf. J« , Iwfy, SFn... f,.rM.fM th,| ,f„ fl ^
* a tomple
bewonli
-pie, bee
defiled n
however
' when he
. temple b
' kingdom
aton. wt
" liith«r p
. kingdom
to them;
'.iinned.
When D
-: ahd waa.
' continua
that bit
OBOUt, hi
Ace, and
thankati
tbote thi
.— failing h
Sloyman
omipioi
had proi
that pro'
Hebrew)
jored : I
. abymni
V
Jewt* ftatiiiediiioliedieiii^, tlieb temple a^ld be karat
andrebailt,aMlhatndt onaeonly, but aeveral ttanta
afterward. See iHm, Joaeplfbi't mentloa of Ood^ Ar-
!**>
BOOK VlI.-CHAr. V.
146
■'%
bMn aoMuntatt bj him to do whatao^ver ha,
bad a niind to, do, a* bavipK God whb bipi, aad
■ hil halpar ia'aU tbiaga. ba wai thereupon tba
^ mora read; to m) abont tkat buildinir. , But God
• appaarad to Nalbaa tliai vafy night, and com-
manded bim tol^jr to David,* that " he look hi*
Mrpoaa abd hit deairaa kindly, tiAce nobodvJiad
Mfore bow taken it into their head to-boila Jiim
a tampla, although upon hli havinr tucb a Botio*
ha wonid not parmil ninbto buildliiin that tarn-
•pla, bacauiaba had°iiuula many wart, and wh
daUad with ika ilaughter of hit anemicis that
bowavar. aftar hit death, in hit old ,ace, aad
' when ba had lived a long life, there thouid be a
temple built by a ton of nil, who ihould takcthe
' kingdom aDcr bim, and ihoiild be called Solo-
moo, whom ha promited to provide for, at a
' Mbar providet lor bit too, by preterviOf the
.kingdom CwbittoA't'potterily, and delivanog it
to tnam; Ihit thit be would Kill puniih him iiha
'\,lioned, with diiaaiet and barrenneit of land."
Whan David aqdentood thit from the prophet,
abd wat ovaijoyfal at thit knowledge :af th« tun
' continuance of thejdominion'tiS'hit policrity, and
that bit houie thouid Im; iplendid, aqd veryfa-
mout, he came to the hik, and fell duwb on hit
Ikca, and began to adore Ood, aiid to return
thankatohim for all bit bene^ti', at well "for
thote that he bad already bettawcd ulion hbu in
raiting bim from a low ttiUii«.andtfnHnvlhe em?
Sloymant of a ibepherd, to to great dlniity of
omipion and glor^f at for tboie alto wbicn he'
had promited to hit l^tterity; and, besido, for
that providence which, he had exeitiaed over the
Hebrew* in procuring them the liberty they «n-
joyed : and when ha bad taid tfiut, knd b»d tun};
aoymn of praiita 16 Qod, he w^t hii lyay.
MP. V.'
k^ Dtuid Itvught'iStdtr Jhi^mituiffnt*, oiuT
Iht MohHM, and flu MiHgnif Haphttttttini.
V Davi*ieti$, a^d of Uh Synant, a| tih& Ikt
UimttutM,iniyar';ttk4,iiiov hYmadntLiagve
, itilh'lhtyKinrjif Hamath; and vai iniiulful
A of iht Mtn^fup thai Jonathan, thf Sonnf
. Saulk fcad'6orn« /o Wm. '-
, { 1. A ifiTtLK whi|<*after this, he cootider^
"that be puglit tci'make war against the Phitit-r
tmea, ami noV to tee apy idleneiti;or l^iincit per-
' aiitted in bit mantgemepistiuit to if mightpiove,
■ at pod bad foretold to him; that when In^ had
overtfarQWq iiiis enejnt|t,'he ahpuld leaite hit poi-
t^ty' to reign in peace afterward: to he called
, togethel* Jiif afmy, again, aqd when«he had
charged tbeb>«to be ready and prepared for whr,
■■■'. and when he thought that all thingt in .hit arfaiy
yweijB'in^agdod ttate, he removed from Jeruaa-
leoii, and came againtt' the Fhiilstinei; bndwhvn
he had overcome them in ba^te, aiid had cut bff
^a great part qf their country and adjoined it to
|he country of\ ihe'Hebrewa, h« trantferred the
war to the Moabitea; and when be hfid ov*ercouie
tito part; of their army in the battle, he took the
reihti|ning part captive, and impoted tribute upon
: them;, to be pai4 ail|iualf^. He th£n madi war
againtt. Ha^adeier,^the ton of Rehpb, kiiig of
Sppbette;' aiid "when ha had joined baRle with
■*r command* tobulM uieh p lempla pre*«ntly, eh. xiv.
aeet. S, contrary toour Wher eopiei, cr nt leaat lb our
IraiialailoP of the HebfeWrS Sam. vU. 6,7; 1 Cbron.
i»U.5,«; \ . ■' " ^ • ■ . ■ ■
* loaephnt teemt, In thif place, with oar modern In-
lerpratera, nk eonftNud the two dbtinct pMNHcliopi
wUch God made to David and to Natbaa, concerning Ota
MiiUinghini a^temple i>yoP*ArDavidVpo*l^rit]r,the
one belonglnf to8ol6uion,tlieotbertothe ltea«lan;the
dIalinetioB between which te ortbe gieatett coate
oaance to the OhtitUan ralfalpB.
' t Da^id'* reeetviBK only. IW charloU <br bimielf out
— H law he had Uttp ffom HtdidwWt W mp l m r o l it r
Hyionaia compliapce with tWiaw of MdMhfWfikli
him at the rivar Enphratei, ha dettroyad twealy
iboiMknd of hit footmen, aad about levan thoH-
taad of hit bbnimen. He alttf look.8be«l •
thoHfand of hit dltriott, and detliojWVw* KrWVl-
fnt part of them, abd ordered that ao'ineraHlun
one hundred thouldbe k*pt,f '
• 3. Mow when Hadad,|' king, of Damatcai aad
of Syria, heard that Dkvid fougVt agajiitl Hada*
deter, who wat hit'jriend, he came to hit aatidl-
ance with a powerful army, in bop«( to rateaa
him; and wheBhe had joined battle with David
at the river £iiphratt«, be failed of hi^ narpbtat
atad.'iott in the battle, a, great number of M*
toldicrtr for there to«(e ilain of the army of j[ia-
dadlwanty t^uiand,and.klHhe' rett fled, Nico-'
laut alto [of Daniakcutl inaktt mention o/ thit
kiiig, iirihe foKitb'booJi of btahittoriet; where
biitpMifct thnti '"^ gr^at frbile afttr. theta
thingt had happened, there wat one of tifkt coun-
try wbot* ii«m* waipHadad, who wat become
very potent ; : Be reigned' over Damat^ut, apd the .
«lher part* of Syiw, r jicepling Phmnicia. He
mMie war againtt Daviii, toe king of J'udea, abd
taied bit fortune in many battlet, anfi partlcular-
'ly In the Jait battle at Kuphralei, wliercin he
wat baaten. ' He *t«med to have been, the mott
eicelleai of all their kingi in tttengihand inan-
^opdi" vK*f» le'idet thitthe lay't of bit notteri- .
ty,.thM''" after liic death tbfY tucipsefied one
mlfliier in hi« kingd/iAi, and in nit name:" where
he thiit «ip«aki: "When Hadad wat dead, hit
puateritjvrelgaed for tfn generattont, each of hit'
•u^ceaaor* r^^iving from hia father that hi* do-
minion) and lliia hia uaiiie; aa di<i the I'tolemiea
in Egypt^ Butthe tliird waa the inuit irawerfol
of them al], an^ waa willing to avenge tne defeat
hiaforcfatjie|^¥wl"rec<:iv«u; ap he made an ex-
pc(lit|oiV fgainat the ';^«w<;.Had laid waato the city
which tt'OOW call^d'Saniaria." Nor did he art
frof^ihe t^th; for tkia iaHhat j^ladad wlio luade
the cupnditioii againat' Saniuriy, jn tlie reign of
Ahab, king of Uninl ;< cuilcenniPg wh(im we ahall
ipcak in due place hereaflGr, ',' _ ,
:). Now 'wben David bad ninde an expedition
;againat painaacus^and the other J^arta o/ Syria,
'^^apdjiad brouglit it all iato aubjecti^n, «n<l had
placed garriaona io' the 4!auntry, and appointed
that they jihould nay tribute, he rctuVneu home.
He alao diedicated to (Sod at Jierufi^rni, the ggld-
itn auivera; tlie entire nrnior wliifb tbeguardt
of Hadad uaed to wear, which Sliiahak the king
of Egypt todk away wlieii he fuught witli l>avid^
granuaon Reboljoaiii, with a grciit deal'uf other
wealtli which he. carried out of Jcruaalew. How-
ever, theae thingt will CDiiieto be.explaihrd in
their proper ptucei hereslfter. Kow al for the
king of uic mbrewi, he wa^ naiiated by God,,
who gave bim great tucceat in 'biawsiri, apd'
made an exp^ilibo agaipat the beat citiea of Hn-
dadezyr, Betwif and niachob ; «o he tooktbem
li)^ force, and laid them waate. Therein waa
^onnd a very great qamttily of gold and tdver,
b^aidf I that tort of bra^a winch ia aaid to be morr
valuable than gold, of wliic:h braaa Solomon made
that-hrge v.eaael which wot called the [brazen]
k(6a, aiiifthoie moat.curioui laveira, wben ue built
iMbade b Ifiog of larael t» ja»ltiflf
thefriApleofGod.
, 4. But when ther-kjug of Hamath Vaa informed
j«(f,J)enl. xvU.l<; one of the principal utca of hoiaci
in Judea'Jit that ttane beios for draWlnr their chariota
See Jgahua xii.tii and Antiq. b.>. cb. i. lect. If. .
t Itdetervet hereto be remarliedi that thit Hain^,
beiiiira very great king, wat citnqaeicd by David,
wlinbpotterUy y« for aevenlgenerayona were called
inhiiui, M the (a* «/ A«tf<i<, till the dart of Maxael.
whoee tanAiar otMetlikmia our Hebrew ropy, S
kinga xUI. St. written Bnhtdad, but In JMpkui Mad
otMkr. And tirange tfl», that the M>n of Baxael.
taM to be ibeh in Iheiune teit, and la Jeiaphal, Ant.
b. I*, chap. vili. tect.>7, abould iliU ba calMd tb»*M */
JitUa I wou l d, ihaw l b r B. In itf to iie ct uui ll ctiew ^
copy from Jwepknal, wiiich twan to bavt tba ttaa
leaaidgi
• * J
X
I4S
ANTIQUITIES OF TUB JEWS.
of Ih* ill lucctM of ilMladtuT, and had heard
of Um niin of ^ annjr, ha wa* afraid on hi* own
account, and rcwlT^d tu make a league uf frieod-
»bip and lidrlily with I)a«iil befure he ihould
cone againat hiiUi. lo he lent to him hif ton Jo-
rani, and proCHud that he owed him thankt for
bit fightini; againit Hadadeier, who was hit ene-
my, and mad<a leacue with him of mutual at-
iittance and fricndihip. Ha alto tent him pre-
lentii, T«lflk of ancient workmanihip, both of
gold^of titrar, and of brati. So when Oarid hid
made thit leaf^e of mutual atiiatance with Toi,
(far that wat the name of the king of ilanialh.)
and bad received the prcienta he aent him, he
diimiiMd hit ton with that reipect which wat
due oV both lidet. But then David bronght
-thoee prti«nli that were tent by hini, 'Iw alto the
reat of the gold and tilver which bo had taken
of the citict whom hv had "conquered, and dedi-
cated them to Uod. Nor did God give victory
and incceit to him only when be went to the
battle bimaelf, and led hit own army, but he
gave victorjr to Abiihai, the brother of Joab,
ganeral of bit forcat, over the Idumennt,* and
by him to David, when ho tent him with au army
into Idumea; for Ahiahai dntroyed eigblceh
thoaiand of tlicm in the battle; wliereupoa the
king [of. Itrael] placed garriiont Ihrougliotit all
Idumea, and received thy tribute nf the country,
and of every held among tlicni> J\ow David wat
IB bu nature jutt, and' niadr hit f(^l|tittihBtio|i
with racard to truth. He had fur tlU*Keneral o(
.hit whole anu^ Joab; and he made JehiMiBphat,
'the ton of Ahilud, recorder.. He alio appotirt'^d
2adok, of thiB -fimily of I'hineaa, to be high
priieat, together with Abiathar, for he wat bit
rriend. He, alto niadp Seitan the ^ibe; and
committed the command over the euarda of bit
body t6 Ueiikiab,'the ton of Jrhoiada. Hitclder
lont were n^ar hit body, and had tlii- care of it
alto. /
5. I|« aktt caFlcd to if^jnd the rov«nauti"and
the e«tht he had-madnM'fth Jomiliilin tht Mi of
*«l5,#''. 'he friendabi|i nid • ad^irtion ,JOnti(han
had for hiin; for beaiden/an Ihe ruMt of hia-excel-
lent dualitiet wit^ #id«k IM >#ar«r<fewed, he
waa alto exceeding' niliiMtl o( 4ll^f aa.had at
other timet bettowed;,Wj(i«ifit(''toMii h>im. He
therefore ^re ord*rthat lihjuiry |tbo«1d M made,
whether *ny of Jonathari'e Um »^t witd living,
to ^hom h« inight mak'^ «;tu'rn' vf that fnmiliar
aCBuaiotanc* which J;»n*than had had witli him,
Vfi tar wMcb'^e wm ttJIi ikrUtfir. And w)ieA
Oa« of Sauf't freemwi wat brouf^lrt to hini< wh*
wv acquainted with tttoie *f W raiuily th'itt
were atiU living, he Med faim, "\*li»tl»er he
could U» hiiu of <iny one belom^iog.u Jouathart
that wat now alive, and ciUMblr of aTcquital of
the benefita which he hud received from Jona-
than'?" And when he taid, " That a ton of hia
wat remainio^, whoaq tiafiie wat Mei»hibo»h*th,
but that he wa« lame of hit feet, for that irhcn
bjtnurte heard that the fatlier and gmndfath«r
of the child i^Are fallen in the battb-.alie tnateh-
«A bim up, and fled aw^iy, and let him &ll firom
her thouldrra, and hia feet were lanif d." So when
' he had learned where ,»«! ,by whom he wat
brou^t up, he tent meatenj^ert to Machir, to the
<:ifiro( Lo<lebar, for with hiiii Wat the ton of Jo-
naiman brought uii, tind tent fur hini to come lo
Mm. b'o w4ien Mfiphiboahrth e.iuie to the kiflf,
Jfie fell on hit face and iroraliipped him^ .but
D^d encoor«g«d hini. ^nd ITid hiui be of kooi
cheer, and expect biMif time*. ISa he gave
him hit fatberVhouke, iMul ail the eilate which
hiagrMldfatherSad) Wa* in Matesalon of, and
bade bite come and diet with him )K hi* owq
•Bit tbl*||fMt«lefOry aver the MnmiiaM or GdlNB.
jte*.tlHP9t<tm?lrf Kaan, and hythe fonaf^atnt ul.
bute naM tf llwt iMlpn to the Jew*, wetotlre' pi^ptie-
ciea deliTttedta Retacea heibre' Jacob abil Emu, «ref«
born, awl by oW ttaac before bit dc^tb, thai tit« tWu,
table, and never to b« abaent on* day fiom (bM
tabt*. And whan the yoalh had wortbipped hini
on account of hit wordt and giftt .given to him,
he calle<l for Kiba, aad told -Jiim, that ha had
givM tba youth hit father'* houte, and all Saul'i
attate. Ho alao ordered that Ziba ahoald calti-
vate hit land^^d take care of it, and bring bim ,
the proflti^of all to Jerutalelu. Accordingly,
David brought him to hit table every d*y, and '
bcttowed upon the youth Ziba and hit tont< Who
were in number fifteen, and bit lervantt, who
were in nunib«r_ twenty. When tba king' had
made thete appointmentt, and Zibf bad wortbip-
ped bin, and promiied to do all that he had
bidden him, he went hi* way; to that thit ton
of Jonathan dwelt at Jerutalvro, and dieted at
the king'i table, and had the iama care taken
of him that a ton could claim. H« alio had him-
ie(f a ton, whom he named Micba.
CHAP. VI.
Notv M« War teat teaftd agmitut Ikt Ammtmlu,
and hafptly concluded. •,
{ 1. TiiUE were the honor* that tueh at
were left of Saul'* aad Jonathan'* lineage N-
ceived from David.^ About thit time died N*-
hath, tlie king of the Amiuonitet, who wai a
friend of David) and when hi**on had aucceeded
hi* father in the kingdom, David *ent ambiiMa--
dor* to bim to comfort him; and exhorted him to
take hit father'* death patiently, and to expect
that he would conjinue the tame kindnett to
"hiioaeif which he had thowed to hit father. Bi|t
ih^ prinret of the Ammonitet took thit mmage
in evil part, and not at David't kind ditp^ilioM
j(ave reaton to take it; and they excited the king
to retent it, and taid; that Dai id had tent men to
ip^ ^t th« country, and what ttrength it h^d,
uiivcr the pretence, 6f humanity abiTkindneu
They farther advited bjm to have a care, and <
not'togivu heed to Dafvld't wordt, Icat he thould
be deluded by him ; h^ to fall into au ineon-
•olaMe calairtity^ Aciiordingly.-A'abath't [ton,]
the king of the ADiraonlAei,lh««ighttbe*cprince<
tpake what^ wat morW prubable ,than the tenth
nould admit, nd to -abuicd the ambattadon
after a very narlh manner; for he *h|ived the one
half oi theirfiearda, and rut oA one half of theii
|;annentf, ana lent iiit anawek* not.in word* but
10 decdt. When th« kinjg'of Itrncl taw thii, he
had indi^BtioH M tt, and ibowed'openly th^t he
would ni^ overlook tbi* injuMoba^ and cOntume-
lipMi t^tmejnt, b«t would Aiake w^f with the
AmiiMfiilH^Mid v#0!ild aveAgf thit wicked treat- •
niettt of hiji anjbA^tsdor* on their kinn So that '
king'* tntindate frtellld* and commandeii, Dnder-
tfandtnf tlitt 4heji! bad violated theifleagtte, a^d
vnri ;1i«ble tcr ^' pUoiahed for the tame, made
prep«MtiotfafoV'*il'{ they alto teat a Ihouiand
laUiAtt'lo the Syrfun ki{« of Metapofamia- aid
endeavored tq prevtil with him to auiit them
for that pay. aifd Shobacb. Now the«e iiagt
bad twviuy thtAp^nd feotnien. They attonfaired.
the king of t^« t^ouqtrf,- called Macah, and'.n
fourth king, br namo. Idttob; which lait kid
(welvfe thootand Bcmed <i»e^.
2. fiut D«vid was under no conalernation at
thi* danfedtracy. nor atthefotcet of the AiAmbn-
itet; and puttin|f'hi» trnrt ta. God,, becante be
•raa foin|; to war in a joijt ,^le, pn atconntof -
like injunaat treatment he'',1iad m*t'witli he'im-
mediately tent Joab, the i^tain of bit boil,
kgainat thern. and gave' him the flower of hi*
army, who pitched hit eamp by Rabbab, the me-
tro(x>li*of the AmmoiliUt; whereupon the ene-
my came outt and i<ii thi4m*elvte in array, liot
'%*an4r th«Kdom|les,«tMiM $tnt n» fmgtr, JaecD
tb a Itra i l l t ea , aii<Ja whef tbel« r a H ltaa**»« ««r
/
■.'»
'■-I-'
s
EMil m the Bdefiittea* lord, remarkably AiHIM . ■
eeeABti4.b.v«|.eii.yU.4eM.S;acn. xtt S3 tadlba
noteaOD Antiq. h, 1. cb. xtOI. aect. 5,4.
all of tlien
aoxiliariea
' , aalvei, but
gate* ovet
aaw thit,
"^ another, ai
~ hit larn. ai
of Syria, a
Gve Ihe ol
de him
ilea; find t
•ee that th
hard for lii
about and
' 4 blmaell' wo
* in the like
he ient hi!
\jo d6 cvtrj
'kt'ii*''^ *<""■
, ilvd In dgl
lb fight wil
the Syrian
oppoaitioii
and coiii|ii
flight; wh
wire withn
ttaid no li
and fled to
overc^Hiie i
. Jeruaairin
3. Si ill 1
itek to b>e<<
to them th
laman the
sind hired
bach for
thoutand I
. Now, w<ie
that the A
' an army I
" with them
ed over t1
army; and
" with then
- . -.theu»m>d
of tEeir^
the genen
tbat^itrol
. Upon tuch
thsmtrlvei
who at \vi
^ at the bee
s ' captain of
' ilea; who
watte,and
bah, and I
Hon) Dat
tUw he\
ftoved
\\. Bu
. i tin,.thoug
. , ttmi and i
\ terved th
' aa evenin
\ r9of oflii
>M that h(
• i^herow
^auty, ai
her name
by tliat »
reitrain h
her. Hei
tent to tt
way for C(
lawt of tl
of adultei
king ten
tiege, wh
name wa
■
t;
Dm (bat
pad hin
lo him,
ha had
llSaiii't
d calli.
iw him ,
■roiBgljr.
\*j, tnd '
i|M| Who
It), who
ing had
ironhip-
ha h^
thii ion
ietad at
re (akan
lad him-
maniMir
■neb ai •
naca N-
iad N«-
wu a
cceadad ^
lOibaaM"
i him to
> aipact
Inau to . ,
'.r. But
■naMige
Miiiilioa*
tba king
t man to
lithajl,
indoaia. •
ira, and ^
i shoutd
1 ineon^
'• [ion,]
!pfince<
ie toith~
■•sadon
tha one
of theii 'i
irdt hot {
tbil, he j
'I'hathe ,y|
tfotooie- '
ritbthe
d treat- -
So that' I
, nodef
r, madje-'r
louiand j,
lia" a&d
at them
rotfaired.
, aiMt|n
itira at ^ >
LAtinion.- ,'
ajiie |m
wianrof'-
<t bolt,
r «f bit
Ih^ me-'
he en«'
•/. libt
ir.Jaacli
\
fllHIM.
:: ■:;•.- v.
X
BOOK yiI,-CHAP. Vtl.
147
all of litem toKather, but In two bodiat; fnr the
anailiariet were Ml in arrairrm llir pUin 1)}- th<<ni-
, saUai, but the annjr of thA AiiiiiiuiiilM at the
g»tn over againit the Heorewt. Whrn Joftb
•aw thii, hv nppoMd one ilriiiiiKrni agaiuit
anothrr, and choie out the inost hardy purl of
^ hii Men, and ort Ihrin in op|Hiii(ion In (he kiiir
of Syria, and thk kin^;! thut wrro with him, niiu
Gvc the othf^r part to hit hrolhrr Abiahai, and
de him act tllvui in opnotiilnii lo thr Amliiunr
ile«; find tairi to Mm, ''That In raii< h<' ohoiild
tea that the Syrians (Irtlrrtifd him, ami were too
bard for him, h<: should order hit {ruopt to luriv
about and attitt hini;" and he mid, Ibat "he
' « bimiieir would d<i thi; tame In him, if ha taw hlin
** in ((be like dittrcmi from the Aiimiottitet." So
he ijunl hit brother lirfnrr, nnd rncouriKcd him
\jo di every thinf; coiirnKioii|ly and with idncrity,
ijtbich would trnrh lliiiit l(i lie airaid ol' iliirrarc,
, iipd in dicht iiiuiifully ; mid to hi' ditniiMrd him
..^ lb fifrht wil^ the Anraiouitei, wUlc h« fell upon
the S^ riant, i Anil thuuKh they, made a ttrong
oppoiition foi K whil)', Juab tlcw many of Iheni,
and compelli'll the rrtt to betake thrnu'rlvct to
flight; which, when th<< Ammonite* taw, and>
\f^r^■ withal nrrnid 01' Aliialini and hit arm^, Ihty
tlaid no loii!;>'r. bijt jyiilBttd lltpir anxiliiiritt,
and fleil lo tfif ritv. So Jonlt^ben he hiid ihut
overcQiiU' IIih eiieiity, reluriitd With greut joy to
. Jarutairm !■> lilt'. kiViK' '
3. Slill this (Irfitit-ilid not induce the Annmon-
iteii to b^<<|iii<^t< nur to ncknowlrdge na tupi-rior*
to them Ihbte who were to, liut they tent lo Cha-
laman the king of the S^rinnt, beyond Kuphmlet,
iind hired him for an auSiiliBry. Ho bud Sho-
bacb for the ciiptain of hix liott, with eighty
' thooiand footmen, and ten thousand hortrmen.
. Now, w^ien tba king of the llcbrewi iinderntooil
that the Amniunitet had again gather^ to giH^at
' an army togrtber, he dctrniiiiud In make Wur
' with them no longer by bit i^cneralt, but )\t puts-
etl over the river Jon'im bimtelf witii all hit
army; and when he met them be joincd'*b«ttle
with them, and overcame them,'and tlcw forty
.thiDuaaQd of "their footmen, and teveo Ihoaiand
of tbeir boncmen,- .lie also Wumulcd Shobach,
the general of Cbalaman't forf*'«,~jviw> ditd of.
lbat\itroke; hti llie iteoult; u( Mcsonotnniia,
Upon tuch a conclusion of the Itattlc, Jelire^d
themtf Ivet up to Uayid, am! tent him pceten^i
wbo at winter-time reliiriud to Jer&tal<>ni. But
at the breioning qf the tpriiig he tent Joab, thV
captain or hit host, to fight ai^'aiiiht the Aninion-
iles; who oyerrnnall tliiir cuyiitry, and laid it
watte, and •hut them up in thtir wietropoli* Kab-
bah, and btTi^egedtheAi therein. .
/;..^/ _._■•■■ ''^ CHAP, VII, ■>:;'':.,' :;■/
UoHi David felt, m Imt tcilh Jiathththa, and
»Un) her Huiband Uriah, for which he it re<
ftoved by Jfathati.
{ i. But Pavid fell i>o«v into a very grievous
tin, thougb he were otherwiie nBtiirull^ a right-
toni and a religiout niiuii and one that hrmly ob-
aerved the lawt of our falhen:. for w'heif late in
an evening be look a view rpund him fl'Om the
rvof ofVii royal palacei where be used to walk
^iit that hour, he taw u woman waihing heneU
■ ia her own house; tlie was oije of extraordinary
tiAauty, and thrVfin tiirpatted all otber Women ;
ber name wa^ Bathsbeijia. So he wat overcome
by titat woman',)! beauty, and mat riot ai>le to
rettrain bit iletires, but tent for ber, and Iiiy with
her. Hereupon the conceived with child, and
tent to the kin^, that he should contrive some
way for cdncealing htr sin, (for according to 'the'
lawt of th e ir father s , t h o i who hud b ee n guilty
' of adultery, onght to be put to death.) So. the
king tent for Joab'^ armor-bearer from the,
siege, who wat the woman's butband; and bis
name wa* Uriahs and when he lyas couic the
80 - . '
king Inquired 6f him aboal tba army, aad about
(he ■irg"- *"'' whi-a ha had made answer) that
all Ihrir alfiiirt went arConling to their wifheti*
the king look tome portions of meat tram hit
supper and gave thi'iii to him, and bade him go
home to hit wife, nnd (al(e hit rrtl with her. '
Uriah diil no,t do to, but tlept near (he kiiiK, with
Ihe rent of hit anunr-brareri. When the king
waa informed of Ihlt, he atkrd him wbv ha <liu
not go home to bit huiitr, and to hit w ifrt altar
to long an abtrnre? which il> the nnlciral Cutloin
of all imn, when Ihrv conic from a |>iiitr journey.
H« rrplird, that it wat not righiawhilc Ms ful-
low-iuldirrt, aiKl the general of^hc^rmy. tfipt
upon the ground, in. ihe camp, and in an < nmiy t
cuuntry, that he thoiild g<i and Inke hit rrtt, nnd
Solars bimtelf with his wife. So when he hiid
Ihiis rrplird. the king ordered hiin to tliiy
there (hut night, lha( he might ilitmiai him Iba
next day (n (he gvniral. Ko the king in\iled
Uriah to the supper, and nflef a cunning HRtl
deileroua manner plied, him with ilriuk at fuP'
per, till he was thereby di>onlrrc<l; yd illfl h»
■leverlhrlett tUrp at the kin^'t gale*. Without .
any Inclination lo go to his wife, Upon tbi« the
king Wat very angry lit hiiut mid wnilr to Juab,
ann. coinmamled him (o iiunlt^ Uriah, for ha
luld hiin that he l^d ulVi'iiJcd him; and he tug-
cetted to him the nuinner in «xl<'ch he w nild
havi; blin jMjjnithed, that it might not be ditco-
yrrcd thaUe was hiiniiclf (he author of (hit his
^lUnlibnienK for he charged him (o set him over
against ihatVart of (he enemy's army where Ihe
attack wouM'bn niost hatiirdout, and where he
might be deserted, nild he in Ihe grra(e9( jeofiar-
dy, for he bade him ordel' hit f.llow-tol'lier^ to
retire out of the fi^lit. When be bad wriKen this
la him. and t^'ulrd Ihe leder with hit own teal,
be gave it lo Uriah to curry it loJoab- Wheil
Juab had received il, and upon t<t<\in$ It under-
stood Ihe king't |iur|iote, he tetv.Ur'iah in that
place where he knew the .enemy w6iild be most
troublesome to Ibefii; andj(ave hjin for hii part- .
ners tome of the belt Kobfiera in the amt^; and
tuid, tlialr he would also cunie In tlieir asliilapce
will) the lybole army, that if potsibic ibev might
break dovln tome part of the wall, nnd tntcr the
i;lty. And be detired. Jiini (o be glnH of (bo o^
portunlly of rxpoHing hliiiieir lb nichpam^ atid ,
not to. be difipleosed at it, since be Waa n valiant
Midler, and bad h great reputallou for bis valor,
boih with (be king and with bis conntrymen. .
And when (hiuli un(lert<iok the work be was aet
tipAn.jwith ainrrlly. ho gave private orders lo
thoso who were lo be hia companions, that when
they'law the eneitiy inuke a tally,. they ihould
leave him. W,hcn,'lher«forc, the Hebrews made
tin BKack upon the.cilyj the Ammonites were
afraid tbflt. the enemy iiiigbt prevent them, and
get up into the city, undHliui at the very place
wbither Uriah was ordered, so liiry exposed
llx^r best toldicrt, to bo in the forefrOih,- and
opci^ed theiV gates'suddenlv, and fill upon the
enein^ with great vehciQeiice, and ran vlolentlv'
'upon them.; .Vi[hfn lliote tliiit were with Uriah
taw thit, ibey all 'rclrcnted backward, as Joab
bad direcletf them beiorebandt but Uriah, as
ashan^ed td ran away and leave his post, sus-
tained the eitcmy, and receiving the violence of
their onset, be sl(;w many of Ihem, but being cp-
coni|)atsed around, and caught in tbe niidst of
them, be was slain, and »oiuc other of bit CDOl-
panliint were slain with him. «
% When thit wat done, Joab f.t'nt idestemrers
to the kin^.'and ordered theiri to tell him, Thar
" he did wliat he could to taklis^ (be citjr toon, but
that, at tb«y inade 'an asiiault on the, wall, they
h ad been-for ^e d to re tire vvitb great lo gs ." — And-
•
I
\
>
\\d them, if they »i<wtho king, vyaa angry at it,
to add Ihia, that " Uriah wa* slainalao." WbCB
the king had heard this of the inctMi||^r«, be
took it hiioously, and said. That "thcjr did
..«■
gcruui ciMM, thai tkAhty miKQt iiiiitiile tbc
knd avoiil lli« |)||biF." But ilrhtn ili« king
:n thii iliipo«ilion.,(ne mcncwar tu|d hinii
148
wroo|> wbM thtf «iMiilUd ihc wallrwhcrava
tbey uuglil, bjr DodtrmininK and olhrr alnta-
gciD> of war, Id cndaaTor <ha takijnK nf Iha city,
•ipcciallx whan Ihajr had bafora (hair tiyin like
•laiiiplti of Abinialach, Ihe ion of (iidaon. who
woulfi nrada lake tba lower of Th«b«a by foma,
■lid waa killed bj a lam atone.thrnwn ai Kim by
■n old woman; and aftliough lie waf a man of
8 real proweia, be died i|[nuHiinia^alir by Ihe
an|(erou« maopar <?r 6ia aataiilti thai Ibey
abould rcnieinbiBr ibiii accident, anil not coma
near Ihe rnemy'^kall, for Ihal the bent mrlliod
of makinr war wiln attccaaa wai to call to mind
the •ccidenta of Awl"" ware, knd what rood or
bad iUcceia had am^ded Iheni In the like dan-
• U ! . , J. . I,, „„,^
ing wa*
- him, thai
Uriah wat ilain alio; wbareupbn ha waa perilled.
Sd he bid Ihe ineaicnfccr go back to Joab and
^lell him, that '• Ihia miifprtuoe ia no other than
what ii roiuinon among mankind, and that nuch
11 the nature, and aurh Ihe aecldienla of war; in-
aomuch, that aomaliiiiea the cAeniy will hare
•uccra* therein, and •omctimea others; but that
he ordered him to go on ilill in bia care abuiil Ihe
iiege, that no ill accldrnt might befall bini in It
hereafter: that thry ihould taiie bulwarka, and
iiir iiinchinea in lienieging the city; ami when
they had ((ulten it, to overturn ill rery founria-
tiona and to dealrby all thoae that are in it." Ac-
cordingly the maucnger carried the king'a niea-
aage with which Jte waa charged, and made
baate (» Joab. But Bathaheba, Itie Wife of
Uriah, when aho wai inroriiicd of the death of
her huaband, nionriiol for hia death many dayi;
Biid when her mourning waa over, and {he leara
which ihe ihcc) for Urioh were dried up, the
kinp-tdok her to wife preicntly, and a ion waa
born to him bylher. •
3^ With tbik marriage God waa not well plea-
ted, but waa tb4reupan ong^v at- David ; and be
.appeared to Nathan the prophet in hia alnep,and
'xqmplalned of the king. Now Nathun wai % fair
•lid pnident man; and coniideriii<; that kingi,
when they fall into epawion, are guided luol*
by that pauion than they are by juatice, he re-
■olvcd to conceal the threatening* that proceed-
ed from God, and niabra good-natured dincourae
to him, and thii after the manner fulluwing: l|.c
deaired that the king would gir* him hia opinion
in the following caie: "There were (aaid he)
two men inhabiting the lanie city, the one of
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
them w ai rich, and [the other poor:] Ihe rich Jt afl when he waa died. Whereupon, liaving
man had a y,ivM many lUxika of cuttle^of ^heep, 6nt begged lenv« to aak him a quealion, thei- ,
and of kinc, but the poor man had but one ewe "betougfc t h li n t u t e l l ttMWt-the-«aionJBilthii his
lamb; this he brought uii with his children, and
let her eat her. food with them, and he^i|d the
same natural affection ' for her which anybne
might have for a daughter. Now upon tlie coin-
v'iiig of a ilranger to Ihe rich man, he would not
.vouchiafe to kill any of hii own flocks, and
thence feast his friend, but h«'*ent for the poor
piaii'a lamb, and took her away from him, and
' mi/ti h«r ready for food, and' thence 'feasted the
stranger.'* Tnia discourse troubled the king rx-
ceedingly; and h<i denounced to Nathan that
." this man was a wjpked man, who could dare to
do such a thing; and that it was but iust that he
xhoulil restore the hinib fourfold, and he punished
^. with death for it also." Upoi^ this Nathan im-
, niediiitelv (.aid, that "he was himself the man
who tiiight to luflfcr those punishments, and that
by his own sentence, and that it was he who per-
petrated this great and horrid crime." Ht alstL
reve&led.to him, and laid before hiin, the anger
of God agiiinut him.whojhad rnade him king ovier
tb^ army of the Hebrews, and'lqrd of all the na-
^ tioni, and those many and ereat nations round
\f3M>ut him; who had formernr delirered him out
Oif the hands of Saul, and had given bim sui h
Hvrtt u be bod justly and legally married; and
now thli God wai deapiaad br him, aad aflViMtad
by hii inipiely, when ha hail married, ami aiiiv
hod another man'a wife; and by esfwaing hei
basband to Ihe enemy, had really alaia bini.
that (lod would inltici punitbmenls upon him im
account of dlDae inalaiirea of wiikeilnrsa; that
hiaown wivei ahouhl lie rmcrd by mih of hia mna,
and that he should In trrachcroualy atimilanted
by the same au«; and Ihal although he had per
pptraled his wickednea* secretly ..yet should that'
punishment which he waa In undergo be inliclad
publicly uuun,hini; that iiioreover, said be, Ihe
child which was born to than of her, shall looi
die." When the king was troubled at thcN .
meaaagea, and auffirirntiv eonfuumlad, and aat(
with leora and lurrow, tlial he bad ainned, (fof
he waa without controversy a pious man, am)
guilty of no sin at allun hia wholu life, eice|>tlnf
lhoa«i in the matter of Uriah,) God l.ad compaa-
aion on him, and was Vecunciled tu him, and pro- .
mised that he would preserve to him both hiii-
life aad hii kingdom! fur be laid, "that ieriiig
he cepenlcilof tlie things he bad done, be waa
no longer iHspleased with him." So Nathan,
when he bad delivved this prpphecy to Ihe king,'
returned hottvi. '
4. However, Ood lent a dangeroui diitemper
upon the child that wni bom toUayid of Ihe wife
of Uriah; at which the king was troubled, and
did nut take any food fur seven days, although
his servants almost fomed trim in lake it; bui
he clothed himielf in a blurk garment, and fel^
down, and lay upon the gruunil in lackcloth, eltT '
treating God for Ihe reroyfry of the child, llir br
vehennntly loved the child's muthrr. But when.,
on the oevenlh day, the chihl was dead, Ihe king^'s '
servants dunt not tell him of it, as supposipk*
that when be knew it he would,«till Iras mlmir
of food, and other care of himself, by reaioii of
bii grief at tba death of hii son, since, when the .,
child wui onl^ ilck. hgflb gri<atly afflicted- him-
ielf, and grieved f(i|rTninb Biit wheA liic king
perceived that bii lervants were in tli«<ii cl«. r, ;in3 -
seemed In be affected, ai those are who i.re v^ry
deainiui to conceal 'iniiietliing, he undeiitood
that (he child was dcid, and When he h^ called "
one 'of the lervants to bim, apd discovered that
so it-Way, he arose up and washed himself, and
took a while garment, and came into the taber-
nacle of God. Htt also commanded them to if t
lupper before him, and thereby greatly lurpri-
led bis kindred and acrvants, while he did no-
thing of this when the child was sick, bill did
conduct. He then Called them unakiilurpcoplei
and instructed them how he had hopes oftjie re :
covcry of the. child while it was alive, and ao
corilingl^ "did all that was proper for him to do
OS thinking by such means to render God pro-
pilioui to him, but that when the child was dead,
there wai no longer any occasion for grief,. which
waa then to no purpose." When he had laid
this, they Commended the king's wisdom and uh-
dentan(fing. He then w^t in unto Uathsheba
hil wif^, and ihe conceived and bare a apn, and,
by the command of Nathan the prophet, called
bis name Solomon.
5. But Joab sorely ilistrcsfied the Ammonites
in the "»ieg<?, by cutth|g dS their wat^n, and de-
priving therfi of otbt'i'' means of aiUisisli-nCe; till
they were in the greatest m-oiiI of meat and
drink; for they depemlrilonly on one small well
of water, and this they diir^t not drink of too
freely, teat the fountain snould entirely fail thiem.
S^bt Wfote to the king, aud informed him there-
[ and penuadetl him to colue himielf to take
the city, that he might have the honor of the
victory. Upon this letter of Joab'i. the kinr
accepted of nil good-will and fidelity, and took
with him hil ariny, and came to the deitruction
. ' . ■
\
BOOK VIL-^ilAP. VIIT.
1:9
'■M
■ml aoir
•ing; h«i
■!■ bini.
IB him nil
rsi; ilml
hUMitii,
iir|iUatril
n(il par
oulil lliat'
' inHictad
[| h«, the
hull •ooa
■t tb«u
■nd nk
incd, (for
man, mia
•icc|Hliv(
I coinpaa-
mid pro-
both hit
i«t ••fiiiK
t, he wan
Nathan.
Ibv kiiiy;,'
Jiilemper
f the wife
lilcti, and
although
e it; but
, and ,r*l^
cJolh, «iir •
lid, ft)r be
lutwh'-n.
the klojt'f '
luppoiint;
rat admit
leaioii of
when the ,
:led-him-
liifi Icing
nliT, and ~
I ure vtrj
uU.'iitood
^called "^
Bred that '
naeir, and
he taber-
em to tf t
iy iurpri-
B did no-
, but did
n, -bavin-;
ion, the^' .
Clbia his
il people (
of the re
, and ao
liin to do
Uod pro-
vaadead.
t«-f,. which
had aaid
II and iih-
latliaheba
apn. and,
et, called
mnioniten
I, and de-
i-nce; till
neat and
mail well
k'of too
Fail thiem-
iin tbere-
thein to him; but at that time be %^uuld qol
taate litem, but gave order to hia ienTaut* to tend
all that were there out uf hi* ckamb^i-, brrauae
be bad n mind to repoi>e h'lmaelf, I'nt fixim tu-
mult and di|tiirbiince. 'Aa auon aa what he hrfd
commanded waa done, he deairid bia aiatir to
brine hia aupper 10 IHm iaio the inoer'parlur;
which, wheq the damael bad done, he took hohl
of her, und euilcavured to pcr»Uvtde her to lie
With him. <^ Whereupon tUe duuiael cried out, ami
•aid, ** Nay, brother, do nut force lue, nor' be lu'
' * That aialcnt of (old waaabo^Tlb.welKl'l.aee II c
dcacrliition of tlie leaiiili'a, rli. «iii. Nuir rould lote-
wicked a« In lran>Kra»a ib'e lent, and brinf up<iii
Ibyaall 'he uluicnt ronfuaion. Curb lliia Inr un-
fiihleoua and impure luai.fruiitwhlebour taoutn
)»ilt Kut iiuthliiK ^>il rrpriiarb and di^Kraoa, '
Mhe alao ailvixil him to Vjieak In hia fa'theraboul
Ihia aAHiiV.I'ur ha Mfould |irrniil hiiiL[lo marry
her.j Thia M^e arid, aa deoiroua to avoid herbni-
Ibcr a violcnl paaaiun at priiaenl. liul be would
Apt^irld l« hVr, but Inllkmed nilh luve,J«nd
blimlcd wllh Ih^ vttbeiuencjr nf hIa paaalo|l, ha
forcrd hla alaler: mit aa touii aa Aninwn had <a-
llafifd hia lual, he haledihcr iinnifdlalily, and
KivliHT her reproaclil'ut, wurda, bade her riae up,
ami 'be gohe. Ami whtn ahe aaid, That 'yhia
waa a inure iiijuriyua Irck^mcnt than the fumer,
■ifi now he liaJ forced her, he' would hut Irl nir
aliiy.wllh hlui till |h" eveit^nK, bill hid her p(»
away In Ihe ilaylimc, and lihile ll waa lifilil, that
ahe mi|;hl nieel ttilh people '" ' " '
ica of her ahaiut, he 1
'•t RuMMh; and when he bad taken il bjr force,
ha nMNl il In hla ai)ldi4ira lu nlui.iU'r it; but be
hlmaelf ti.tik lliu kiiig^ni' Ihi Animnnllea' eronit,'
whotr wtirhl wa) a liilriit iil (inlil,* iiiid ll.hud
in lu midiik a prei'loua aloiiti ridliA a aanlunyi;
wbirh crown David cur allcr Hiir« }>n bia own
brad, lie alto I'oMnd mail)' iillirr vr>»i la in Ihe
city, and lliuae both iplemiid aad.ol (real price;
bat aa tur ih« Aieil, iii- lurnirnlid ihrni.f niid then
dealrOyed them 1 and when he had taken Ihe other
clliea of the Auiiiiunilea hy luice, be trtalad
ilicm after lh» aii|ii« mannt r. ■ , '
, "CHAr. vm.
How.^lnaltfm murJtrtd ^mnont trAo haijbriiil
hitouiii Sitlerj titiil how he uui t«Mtf/ic<i,«ni(
afUnemfil* tifUtiily /Jaoi'ii.
'. \ 1. Wlli'N Ih* king waa returned to Jcriua>
lani) a lad luiajoftunx befell hia boilac, o|i the
•ccatiott l'ull«>wiiig : II* bad tf ilaughter, ,wb»
waa yet ii virgin, nnd-vcry liaiiUaonie, ln»imui:h
thai all! aurpiiaaed all the mual beuuliru^women;
her name waa 'Inniar: >lir had lb<' aailie uiolher
wllh AbaaloiH. Now Amnnn, iHvld'ai Ideal aun,
fell in luv« with her« and Im Ing not able 10 obtain
bii draiica, oil accnunt ol' livr virginity, jind Ihe
cuilu<ly abe i\^a under, waa mucli out u| unler;
1 nay, hia grlel au' 1 1« up bia boJy, thai he Vf*-^
\leaa, ana \yl( color ku^ chaiigeil. Nuik' there
wat oneJ|/uadal>, a kiiiainan and friend iif hia,
Who dlAoveicd thia hln paaalou, for he wna an
Hlranrdinary wiac 'man, ao^of great aagacily
M mind. When'tliererure hk aaw tliiil rveiy
morning Amnon wui liul in boily aa be oMghl^to
be, he lame tohlin, alid dcalri'il him lu ItTl him
wnat waa the cauae of<^^il:'hunevcr, he aaid. that
ha guraaed iha^ il aroae, Iroiii the pataiun of love.
Aainoii Conl'eaaed hil puaalon,that he waa in love
wnh a alalcr ol hia, who had/ the lame father
Wnth hinacif So Jonadab auggeatetl In him by
wiiat iaelho<l and contrivameTha ml^lit obtain
bii deairea; for he perauaiicd him to pretend
ai«|kncfa, and bade blm, when'hia father ibui<ld
eqaie to him, to beg of hiiulbal bi| aialer uiight
cdoie and mlnialer to him, fur if thai were dune,
M (boiMd be bet^r, and aliould quickly recover
fMai liiadiatem|Htr. J:$o Amnon lay'down on hia
tfcd, and preieiuied to be aick, aa Jonadab had
abggctlcd. When hia fnlbcr came, jand inquired
bow he did, be begged of him to ai^|^ia siairr
to him. Accordingly he preientlv; o^Hcd her
to be brought tuhim; and when alie wua come,
Amuoh bade her make cakea for him, and Cry
them in a pan, and do itull wltji heiioivu hiiiida,
becuuie be abould take Ibein lielter (rjiii litr
baud [Ihain from any one's elae.] >'u>lie ki.eadcd
tbeHoHrtn the i i «hmt -bethrotliet< ^"^ ""idebini . ^
cakea, and baked tl^^m in u pan, anit lmnis;ht^ -i^ve-lbeiu-^ u^nalj^hey^^
tlikt would be wit
peaaca ul Her aliaiu*," ne comihandard bii itr-
vjnl lu turn her out of bia buuaa..'- Whereitpon
arte waa aorily |;rieved al Ihe injury and viulvnce
that hnd berii oderei^twer, and lentxlicr luoia
coat, {Inr the virgloi/wohl lime wore auch looae
coala, lied at Ihe liiiiida, and let down loilie int.
klea, that ibe inner coala might not ho at>eiiiJ awl
aprlnkled a'ahea on livt head; and went U|r^h|
niiilille iif ihe^ rily, rryingout andtlHuiCntl
lur the vinlriice thai bud bc'eu nd'erl^u her. M
Abaalom her briilbcr hiippcned to meet her,
aited her, Wbutaad thing had b«hllrn heMhat
ahc wua in that plighll and when ahe had told
hinr what Injury had been oflrred her, he co|ii-
furled her, and dcaired her to be <|uiei, luid to
\Bke nil palienlly, and nut to eateeiii \iif hein^
rnrrupled by her Orothftr a* an iiyury. {io aha
yiebled-to hia advice, and left od'her crying ogtt
and iliacoverliig the furite offered her lu Ihe mill>
tiludei and ahe continued aa • widuw with ber
brother Abaalom a long liiiie.
2. When David hit, father knew (hit, ha WM
grieved al the arliona of Amnon; b.ut became he
bad an exlriionllnary aliectiun fur him, for ht
wua bia eldeat aon, be wua compelled nut to oiltiet
him: but Abaalom watched fur a fit opportunity
of revenging thla rrime upon hlni, for he tho-
roughly Tinted biin. Now the aecond year after
thia wick<.d oHwir abo^l bia aiatir waa over, and
Aliaalum waa abuut Ht'f,^ lb tliear hit own aheep
at liaulhatiii, ivhlcli it a cily^ j'n Ihe |iorliun'of
KphrHlni, be braoughl hit 'father, na well m bit
bri-thrrn, to ronienwl feaat wiib blm: Itiit when
D'ttvidexraaed bimt«'l(^at no* bclii|; willing tojbe
bunlenauiite^o him, Abaalom draired hxi wuald
bu'ivevir aeod hia brethren; whom he did M-nd
nrciiniiii<.;ly^ 'I'hen Abaabini cliargedT biaiiwu'
aeivButa, Ihiit when they aliuuld tee Alimun dia-
ordeird niiii driiway 'with wine, and he aliould
abuawcll eallniute It liiiilier, aini e he here aiiya ll.al
DavM wore II on hit ficail perlwiuaUyi . „ __
\ Wl'ell.ec Joecphut aaw the worDt of our ropiea, a arr in l^auihel, uiiyl ' oii'y ' c i:^K, ll.al lliey were ni.'iito
killhlin. ,
:<. When they had done at they were com-
manded, the rtat of hia brethren were aatoniab-
Cf' und'di!itui^lird,lind were afraid Itir Iheiuai Ivci,
•o tbiy limiiedialely ^n\ on liurac|iai'k, nnd^ rude
aivnv to lhiir.<falher; but toiilebydy there wat
who' prevented I hem, and told-liieir father titer
were nil alain by Ahualum; whereupon lie wai;
overcome i\ llli aurrow, ys fur an iiiniiv ;uf bia i<nn<
tital tviie di ilrli^ ed hI unce, and tliul'IVy lb< ir bi-o-
tberalau; ami m thia coniki4leratiun,.ibul itvvni,
IpR tlieac /Vnimdiiilea indenlh, who were tione.cf I' a a.
aevcn'iM.I'u"" of rnnunci, wl oai' wjiliediioai hnd rnih
ilureil •) er,; im-opal le of merry; ntlirrwiae I alionlil 1«;-
(llnab'etnil ink,!' uillienica'.liit.atkaat aailirwc
f to lake
or of the
the kinr
and took
itruction
6am.iU.9),and K'iiron. ix. : ,lliilii*vld/iii,fil:e'tn- ' |lfel(liwea'>'.;iVca,'raivorVlraawlii(llinlicriKf<uii|4,lii
balHtanla,or,at leiiat, lite mrrlaoiinf ttn' hub, oliiLof hnrrowiirg •hv^eliia.ln I eWiiur tlinhrr,hi makiiir and
Ib e olhcr A in Ki n llef i l ie a wti i c . I, » h ai nntd i. i i iltuu li , ' i -Mi'ii h"; I ' l l fl i a.a i i l l , ! e lik eh a r^aervkta , N i l wllh dM-
M e oi H cr w ia mo n iie f i i ie a wn i c i. n wa i rpt'n m i muu H i I 'lirtil i"; i - i l f a a, a ' n 1 , ! v iia e n a ry arrvnTa . rui wn o w
■under, or rut lliein wlih^iiwa;n:i(l under, or wlii. i m- ' Inktiiv away t. eir Uvea. We never e!aewlTr«. Ii.at I
lawaof iron; and under, prwiiii nice a' iroti; and remrmhcMneet wlUi Airh aiM orianf cruelly In p«t>
■iMleU.e|)i paait IhreiiKh tie (irirkkihi:' ia ear I ere ilnrniei'mlenlb ii' nl> l> e 111' le, or in any oil rr in-
directly ei|>re*ard. irteanw tlieni, iia ii ia ironi |irii, rirul I latO'V wlii>i*6ev<:r:iiard<>ll>e word* in tfaniuti
tal)l«,j)e did, L< ceilainly cipouiiileij thcui of iorniv:it- fcifm nanratiy to refei 10 any aoeb ti.big.
# ,,
. 5^~~~,"--'
180
Ikair lM«lb*r th»t appMrad (o |M*« alMB'tlMm,
IM •f|nv«l«il k\t •urrow for thani, ttu ha nai-
Ibar l(i<(uira<l w|«at <*■« tha cauaa o( thia tlau((h-
tar, Bor tlajtad IQ k<«r anjrlliMy «Im, which jrnl
It wai hut r*aiantbl« lu haT« dona, whtn lo vary
graal, ami itf (bat grcat^aa* au Incradiblt! a niia-
Lrtuna wa* ralalad (u blia< but rani hia rlulhai,
••d Ihraw llMnia«irHpoB IIm grouod, and thara
Mir. lauMrflliae Ilia luaa of all kia aont, btilh iboaa
who, aa ba «aa Inrumied, war* ilaln^ and of him
who alaar Ibani. Hut Juna^tli, (b» aon of hia
OKRhnr Sbhnaah, anircaUd hiio not lo indulga
kla lorrow lo far, for aa lo tba raal of hia aonai
ka did not b*4iav« ijtel Ihajr wcra alain, for ha
found no c|ui« f<ir Inch a auapicion) but ha aaid
ll inlKhi d«wr*e itiquinr aa lo Autnon, for it «a*
■bt unlikaty Ihal Ahialuiii might vanlura tu kill
him on acniunl of Iha injury ha had olfcrad lo
Tamar. lu iha m«an f iuia, a graal.noiaa of bortaa,
. UkI a tumult of a<inia paopla Ihal wara coming,
tnrnad their altanlion la thtiA; Ihry were Iha
king'a aona, who wcru Acd kwajr from Ilia fraat.
80 thair I'alher iiiel thciii a* lh«v wcr« in Ihair
griaf, and b« blwaulf griavad wilbtham.; but it
wu mora (ban b« ai|Hic(ad lo let Iboaa hia aona
fgain, whom he had a lillla btifora heard lo have
l^rUhcd. Iluwev«r,, ihire wrr* tcara on both
tldaa; thay Umeiiling thair brother whowwa kill-.
. ad, and the kiiig laui«ntin|r hia aon, who wua kill-
ad, alau: but Abaal'ini llrd tu (ir^ur, lo hia
graodfalhar by hia niolhar'a aida, who wua king
of that country, and ba nshiaincd with btiii IhYt'c
whole yaara, '
4. Mow Parid had a deaign'to aand lo Abaii-
loni, not that ha abould coma iVba punitlied.hul
that ha might ba with him, for iVe ett'evta of hia
•n^er ware abated by leuglh of thue. It wua
Joab, the captain of hia lioai, that^hirRy prr-
iuaded him lo lo do; for hv auborni d »n onliiiu-
ry w»uan, that waa alrirken in a||^, lo g6 lo lh«
klDK In mourning apparri, who aaid Ihua lo hiii>:
'•lliat two of her aona, in a^>ara« way; had aome
dilfercnca between Iheiu, and that in tire prii«
grcaa of that diflcrenre they caiiie 10 au open
quarrel, and that one waa amilten by the other,
iu|d wai diad ; ami aha deaind him to iulerpoae
in thia car*, aitd to do bar the (avor to aave thia
her aon from her kindrra, <yho were very leal-,
oua to have him that hid alain hia brother put to'
death; that ao ahe might not be farther deprived
of tha hopea ahe hatt of being taken care of in
har old age by biiD; and that if he would hinder
this alaughter of her aon by thoae that wiahcd
for it,, he would do her a great iavor, becauae
tha kindred would not be realrained from their
Surpoae by anv thing elae than by the fear of
im.", And when the king had given hiacooaeni
, tombitt lb* MHHiuiu had begged of him, ahe made
thia rejily to hliii: "I owe Ibre Ihanka lor thy
benignity to luc in pity ing my old age, and pre-
Vcnlingtbe loaa of my only remaining child; but
' in 'order lo aaaure me of thia thy kindneoa, be
Afat reconciled to thine own aon, and ccaae to be
x'Mgry with him; for how at^ll I perauoile my-
\<<^ir that thou haat really beatowed thia favor^
linpn me, while thou Ihyaelf conlinueat after the'
like manner in tliy wrath to thine own aouT (pt
it i» a fi^liali thing to add wilfully another to thy
dead aoa, ifhile the death -of the other woe
broucht about williout thy own conaent." And
now the king pnrceived that thia pretended atory
wot • aubornaiion derived from Joab, and waa
Itf hia contrivance-; and when, upon inquiry of
the old womnn, ba undera.tood it to be lo in r,:al-
ilj|r, he called for Joatn.ond told hint he had ob-
tained what he requeatod according to hh own
* Of th ia weight a f At aa l om ^ hai r , h ow In SO nr nO
ANTIQUITIES brim! JfcWi.
yeara it ailghl well amount 10 SMahakala, or lorouie-
wliat above Ob. nVoirdupola. aea IM Literal Accom-
P" iMmanl of rroplieelea, pace 77, 7B. Bui a lale very
Icleur antiiOr 'litnka that the LXX)I meant not ila
«*■#», bat lti,«aK« waa SOD obckola. Or.WaU^ctit-
mladi and ha boda him bring Abaatnm bark, far
ka waa not .low diiulaaaad, but had already
caoaad to be- angry wllh him. 8a Joab buwati
himaalf down lo the king, ami look hia wonia
himlly, ami went iiunieilialrly lo lleahiir, and
look Abaalum with him, anti came !<• Jaru-
aalaro.
i. Ilowavar, the king aaal a maaaoga lo kia
aon beforehand aa ha waacomlnn and command-
ed him M retire lo hia own boi.a«, for ha waa not
y«l in auvh a dia|Ma{iion aa lo think At at praaant
lo are, iKni. Accordingly, upon hia father a com-
mand, he Bvokdetl coming into hia prea»nca, and
honlratad himaelf vilh the raa|tacta paid him by
hia familv ontv. Mow hia baauly waa not im-
E aired, rilher by tha g^ief ba hail Wn under, or
y the want of auch caM aa wa« |jroper In ba lav
ken of a king'a aoa,. for ha alill aurfiaaaeil ami ei-
cellad all men In Iha Ullnaaa of hia bo<ly„ ami Waa
inora'cininrnl (in a 0ne appearance J ilian Iboaa
Ihal clicled the moal luiurioualy ; and indeed aach
waa the Ihickneaa nf Iha hair of hia head, that it '
waa with difficulty Ihal he waa polled every
eighth day; and bia h^jr weighed two hunilred
•hekela,* which «re fiva poiinda. However, hi>
dwell in Jertlaalam two yeaiy, and became Iha
fulhai' of three aona and one daughter; which
daugbtir waa of very great beauty, and whom
Rehoboani, the aon 01 Solomon, took lo wif*
aderward, and hail by bar a aon named Abijah.^
But Ah^lom altBt to Joab, and deairod hi|^to'
Kacify hia father entirely towarda hiiM; a'nVto
rarech him to give him leave lo comvlo him to>
ai^e him, and a|ieak with hiin. |!ut when Joab
iie|;lecled to do ao, he aeut anine gf hia own acr-
vaula, and art Are lo Iha ileliia adjoining lo hini;
which, when Joab um(eralod<l, he came lo Abaa-
loih, and accuiiell him of whjat ba had dona; tad
aak'ed biiu the rroiOB why h^ did aoT To which
Abialont repllML |' I have (bund Qot thia Mrata-
gem that uiigfit bring thee to ua, while thou hatt
lakcn no care lo |>erform the injunetioB I laid
U|ion thee, which waa lljii.to recooeila my fathar
to met anil I really beg it of thee, now ibou art
lK;re, to jMcifjr my fiilber oa to roe.aince I ealoam
mjrpomi^ hither |o ba mora gritvona than aiy
banilbment, while my fatber'a wrath againat mm
continM«a."' Hereby Joab waa perauaded, aad
pitied the dialreaa IBal Abaalooi waa in, and be-
came an laterceaWr with the king for blin. Aad
when he hid diacouraed with hia iiither, he aoon
brought him ^0 that ainieable diapoailiori toward*
Abaolom, that he preaenlly aeat tor hia Id coiae
to him; and'when he had coat himaalf down upon /
the ijround,, and had bcigod for the forgivenaoa
of hia ofTencca, the king nitttd him up, and
promiaed hlin to fdwet ilbal Jm kad formerly
dona./ .' •• . • \ ■ -^-^- hT^- ■. ; ■ ^j
CIIAk IX.
CMcrming' tkt InmrreeUifnofJIbtahm agajiuf
'Dmid; and conctniinf Vtnif/iopAirf an,' ATti- '
' thai; and ennetming Ziba and Hhimti; and
Aow jlhithofM Aang-j^d kimtt{f. >
{ 1. Now Abaalonu upon thia aucceai with tht
king, procured to Muae)f a pent many horaca,
ana many chariot*, an().,that in a little time alao.
He had moreover fifty armor-bearers that wen
about him ; and he came early every day to the >
king'a palaee, and apake What waa agrrenlile to '
auch aa cnnic for jnaticc, aqd loi^t thicir cunaea,
aa if that hapiwned fur watit of good cmtnaallatL.
about the km;;, or perhapa becnuae the juiigc*
mirluok in that uiijual .arnfrnce 'thev gave;
arhereby he gained the good-will of tncm aB.
l eal no t e* i i n l li e O l d T ept a w ent wpon t BiiW. il y . W .
It doea'^ appear what Waa Jneepbua'iopihlon: lieoela
the leit down lioneiatly ua lie found 11 in lib rOptea; only
he lliduiilil. Ihot *i tU md »f daft, when Akmlom
folh-d dt waighjri hi* hair, waa *a«a a ■«*&. '
i
t
BOOK vir.-^iiAr. IX.
wllhtbr
r hone*,
inic «l*o.
lut were '
ty to the «
■enlile to ' ■
r ruiiso,
e jiiitgM
Dcni all.
Il«i told tliMn, that kifl ha but lui'li tiiihoriiy
coaniitud In him ha wiiiild ilUtrilMil* juilirv In
ibam in a nicxt ti|iii(ahla utannar. Wh>n h« hail
niaila hmiMU to |io|iiil«r aiii<in|f lh<i iiiiilliliiila,
ha lli<i>i||ht ho hail alrriwljr Ihtr fiHiil wilt of iha
|Miu|ila Mfurril to hiiii, liul wlirn fiiiir jrara liail
uatoifii MDCa hi* falhtr't raiomiliallun tu him,*
M eaina tu hlui, ami liriuuKht him to Riva hmi
laava (a gu to lUhron, aiul nay n Mi rilli'« (o
tjwl, bmaoiia lia vofvoil jt lo liiiii whrn h« llril
out of tha cinin
hit rrquati, ha wciil lliiUMr, anil (Tail
Indai caiitif ruiinini (ugrllMr to hint, for ha had
MDt tn a K^a** I'UiilTwr to l» 4t^
f, AniiitiK (hriii caiiia Ahttk'iphfl Iha (Uln-
nila, a cuiiiiarllur ol Davfl, and Iwu hiinilrtd
man out uf Jaru>al|iin ilacir, who kiiaw not hit
mirnlioni, but wtra font fur aa l.i a ■■i-riAcr.
So h« WM ap|>oiiil«il kini^ by all of thani, which
ha obtainod by thit •lrktii|n>m. A> •oon ai thii
urwi wa» broaj^ht to iMvId, and h<t wan.infenn-
rd iiCwIial ha Old ii(il«i|wrl fioiii hitnontha wat
^alTriKlilail at tliia hit iiiijiioiit and bold inidarta-
jtiiiK. and woiidarrd (lint h« wiia •■> far (rum rf
iiiriiibariuy huw hit iiirrnon hixl twrn to- |ut<iy
forgiven nun, tbttha iindrrtnyk iiiiuh wimr ami
luorn wli'knd rnjrFpri'it'ii; liriil to ili'|irivi> him uf
that kin|[d»in whidi wiit givvn hini oftioiL and
■ceondly, lo take away hit own falliar'i tifH. (la
Ihcrrrora rttoKi'd t>i fly to thi< |)irt« hryiiinl
Jordan: to ha cuIIhI hit mott intiinala Tn.-ndt
tagethvr, and cunimuiiicnlad lo Ihriii all Ihiit hi*
had hraril ol hit ton'* inndiKU. Ma coiiiinillid
hiniti'll'lo (fiod, tojudKe liclwct'ti llirm nb.iiit nil
thair acliunt: anil laft tifa care of bit royal piilucv
to hilt Irn conmbinrt, and want away Trbin JrrU'
wlain, beinr'willingly acronipanltid by lira rrit
of tha niuUiluilr; who went hatlily away with
him, and imrticularly by Ihote »i\ hundnd ariu-
ad mrn, who hud liirn with him from hit lint
riicht in , Ilia dayt of Saiilv But ha |i«nundrd
Abialhor and SSaduk, the high prietlt, who liiid
dctarniincil lo ij^o iiwav with him, at nito all (Iw
l.««it«a, who w«r« with Ihi^ ark, lo tiny bchio'l,
•tJlOpinK Ihiil (iod would driivrr himw'ilhout iU
raiuovul; but ha chtrf^cd lh«nitoMhini know
, privately liuw all Ihingi wimt on; md ha hiid
(hair ion4, Abimnnt iha mm of ^^iidok, and Joiia-
ihnn the ton of Aliiiithar, Tor fuithful minidiiii in
all thin|(ii; but Itini iha (iittite wrnt Out with him
whcllivr 1)4V id would let hiai ur nut, Air liir would,
have |iecMiad<!<l him lo ttii^, and on Ihut acrouul.
ha opjieured the nioil friendlv In him. Hut aa
he wjit uMifiidinx ''■<* mount of Olivet bnirefoql-
ed, and nit hLi roui|iany wrrr in lcar«, it whk
tbid him thut Ahilhophcl wai wilh Abtaloin, and
wat uf hi« tld». 'rtiii hcariii|f nu|!;iiii'nt(.d liia
Kricf: and ho betonf(ht (iixl «4rnritly lo iilien>
ute the liiiml pf Abtnlom frnni Aliithuiihrl, for he
wua ttfruid thiit he iliould prrtiiBiti' liim to fol'
Abaalom. Mo ha wai pravailad on by flavM.
and Ivit liiiu, auil ram* to Jrratulrm, wbilltv^
Aliaaluin hiiuiair <'<«ua alto • lillla wlida altaft
ward.
3. Whan David wa« (one a litll* failhrr, ther^
mat hiiii /Iba, Iha tarvani of Mrphibotbalh.
(whom h' l>*d t«>ni to lake <ara uf iha |Mittat'
ti«nt wh'i'h hail been (ivan hiin, at Ihe ton uf
Junalban iha ton of Haul,) wi(h a rounia iif
_ ,_ . aM»« Itdrn with provuiont, and datiiad nini lo
try. .So wh«n David ho^ grnnird ', lake at much of ihani at ha and hia follow-
I went ihillMr, and graat mulli- { "t tliHid in na«<d of And wbtn Ilia kiiiKttkad
him whara ha had Irft Maphiboahrlh f ha aiiid,
"111' had li'fl hini at Jrru«ult>iii, ri|i«i-||ii|[j lo ba
rhoten kiiiK in lh« praMiit rontuaion, in ra-
inviiiltraiirii of Iha baiitlili Saul had runlrrrtil
U|ian Ihrm." At tliit Iha king hud craat iniliji-
nation, and gava to 'Mm all ihut ha had fur-
liirrly bmlowaid on Maphihothalh; for h« ilrlrr
minrd Ihal it waa miii h lilirr thai ha alioidd
bavti ibcHi than llta oilier j at which i^lb* froatl
rajoii'id.
4. Wlirn David WM at llnhurimi • plica
ratteil. Ilierii rame uul a kininiNii uf Saul
ivhoti' hiiiia wua Shinici, and Ihrrw lionet
him, imd gave him nprriiuhfid worda! iiiid
Ilia frii'iiilt aliKwl iiboiil Ihn king and prulei'tiid
him, he prrarvtTid illll more in bit ri-proai:hrtL
und.ralli'd Mhi a liloudy man, and the author ul'
all toru ul'miarhirf. lie bade him alaO "((o ou|
of the laud at ail iiiipura and arcurtid wretfh
and he lliankrd liod for ilipriviuR him
kingdiiin, end i'niiaiii|r him lo be puuiihed
whiit injuri<'» lt« hud done lo hit niaaler, ""
und thit by the meant of hit own ton.
whcj* tlit'v were all provoked arainat him, amll
BiiKry at him, and paiiirulurly Aliiiihai, who had!
a mind to kill Shimri, Duvid rrttrained hit an-'
grr: '*l,at da nut, anid be, hriiig u|mrt uurtilvca
another fnah ini«fjrtuaa:,la thine we have «!•
ready, for truly I have act Ihc IrnttYeganl or
ron<'i'ni for ihia do|; that ravet at ine: I tub-
mil iiiytrif to liud, by whute |H ruiitaian thit
miin irriili me in tutdi n \vild iiLitpirr; nor it it
any wondrr that I am obliged lo UMilcrgo theto
abuiea from hini, while 1 cx|u'rienc« the like
fnnn an inipiout tun of iii^ own; bat iiafhaiw
liod will Jiiive tome roiiiinmeralioh U|ion ill, if
it lie hit will wi' thiill uvrrroiiie thriii." So he
want <m Ilia way without troubling bimaelf wilh
Shiiiiei, who run alvDj; the olhar tide of ihn
nloUHliiin und tlirrw out hit ubuaive language
plenlH'ully. liul nhi>n David waa coma to Jor-
dan, lit; allowed thoiii thai were wilh liim to re"
I'lvaji tluimai Ivit; for llicy went wvary,
.'i. liul when AliiHluui,Hiid Ahiliiu|ihtl hiiroun-
•tllor, Were come to Jrrutalim. with all tha
pe.iple, David'i I'rirnd, I fuih-ii, i;cnie tu them;
and when he, hud worahipid Abaatouik lie
withil wiihed llint hit kiiiK'luin niiglit leal a long
I wretfhk
m ut hil
ithed Ion
r, [Smil.J
I." NoA
low hit liernicioiTt counael; fur he wua a prudent , lime, unil cmilinue for all a|;i'a. Tlut when Aii
intiii, niid very aharp in aerinK what wut «d\nii- aatoin tnid t> him, •' Ifow roiiui thit, Ihal he
Ugroiit. When Divid uaa cotlcn upon iliv lop I who niia mi intlniulo u friend uf my fiilher'a and
of ihe mountuin he look u view of Ihevitvi nnd I uppri(r»d fiilhful lo him in nil ihingt, iajiut
proytd lo Cod tvith abundance of trnrt.HH Iitiving , «itli him now, hut huth Iclt him, ami" it ronie
nlreudy Uitl hit fciiirdom: and here it wiit thnt a : over lo iiic? ' lloaliiii'i nntwir wp» rrfy l*rti-
fAilhful friend of hia, whote name wai Huah.ii, | nrni and prudtnl; for hi- tnid, "We oiiKht to
met him. When Dnvid anw)iiio with hit clotbia ^ fdlow <iod und the niultilmla of Iha people;
rent and having athek hII over hit haad, and in
lamcntaOon for tlie i;rent chnnre of afljin, he
corofurlcd him. antf exhorted Idin to leave olT
grieving; nav.nt length he briought him to gn
Buck to Xbauliiin, and up'rar at one of hit parly,
nnj to filh out tho tecrelril robnacli of hit mind,
nlMuxiUllrH^iict the cjnnseli of Ahilhophel, for
that liecouIiTTItit-dia-liiinerlf to much fftod by
being with, him aa he nnght bj-^wiug with
wliilr thete t'lcrufure, my lord and mhttet, are
with thfe. it ia lil. tlml I aliould follow tlieni, fur
thou; ha.it leciivfd the kingitom from (tod, 1
will then fore, if l4iou believeil mo to be thy
friend, aliow t'le aimie' fiileliiy and kindnetl to
lliee, which thcni kiii,wr>t J hnfe thowed to thy
father: npr it there an/ nuaon to !>• in the
leaat diaaiitiafied wilh the pretent fctale of affnirii
for tlie kingdom ia not Irauaferred unto another.
#
:'rV--.A..
*Thia la one Of ll'e I eat correrlloiit that Jooephua'i hinlory OlinWaiLeoa'd not he mnre thaa/aiiryean aAar
eojiy BirorJii naofntexlllol inonr ordinary rnplea la ii.Kaherein J.if4>phiia, whnae niim'fi lo dirrrllycon-
nooily rn'rui'led. 'I'liry anv ilai *l>liire'rt'ianof Ah- Armed hy :li it co|iy ofll.e Hi-|itiiiii:oii vrrston wlianra
Oalum o-aa ■■•> tenra ■o^rt tv4iiit wentlK-iiire. (of liit the Armenian lr»|n'.itioii u-iiainude,wliich(iv«aiiallM
Kconcllkilion hi hit ■ /.lier,) \t'licrv.ia t'.c rerict nf ll.a aame amall numla'r ul lour )eari.
:_ . • ._ O -^ _
#■
.%
4'-
IM
ANTIQIMTIBH or TIIK JKWB.
but mimIm iIiII In tha whm (•mlly, by ih« inn't
r*r>iiiil2 il kCI"' I>i4 Cmhir " 'I'hK •patm h iwr-
Mailwl AbMl'iiii, iflio lH>Air««>iM|Hi<:Uiil llua nil
Ami "<•>» h" kIUiI AhMhi>|ihi'|, «nil r mu\UiA
Willi hini what hr nuvlit In ijui b* |)«r<u»l>il'
luiH In K<i In unlit hU fmh»r't ri(ni'ubiii««, fur hv
Mill, Ihiit "liy Ihit action Iha |ifii|i|<. will Inllftr
(kal lh)f diAtrriMi' wilh thy laihrr la Itrati-nn-
«Uahla, ami will ltiiiii:t> riahl with (rriil aliirriiy
•Minal Ihjt i»\U*t, IWr hilhKriii ihtf «r» a(raHl
•r laklnf up iipan niniily ai^aintl liiin, out at »n
•tpatlaltuil llial )riiu will Ih' rcrniii'ilatl «|(kin,"
. Ai'< '>rillugl)i Aliaal./ui tVM prrvnilail iift li> ihU
•tlvira, aiKl coiiiiMaitdrJ bit urvatMi topitili liiiii
• lani upon the i»p of ihr i-.iyal |mi«r.*. In lh.i
N|)il of Iha iiiiiIiIiiiiIk) anil li« wrni la anil lay
with hia fnlhiir'a i'iiii< ultlnri. Now lli|« taiiia to
MM ai'iurilini lo llu' prnlktinnof Nalhwi, wliao
A* pruphi tleiraiul tliriiiAoil to hliil, thai Ilia aaii
Wkultl riav up inrrli<-lliiiii ii;(ain«t liiiii.
-■ ■«•. Stni mhrn Atnnltim hail donii wlitt he wii
M«IM(1 lu b; Ahithophtl, li« ilralri'il hit aiWlrr,
in tha aaiMml iilm-r, ali.iul the war aRulnat liia
Althar. Now, \lilll)*i|ilirl iiiily *«Jiim| liim to Irl
kini hatr Itn lliuutkiul rltnitn men, ami )i« |iri>
nijai'il he woulil iliiy hn fatlitr, and hriiig the
Wldiaira ImcIi again inaafalxi ami hn MikT thni
"Uian lbs kiiiipliiin would li« Inn (a him ivlirrt
David wa« driiil, M>llJB<» olhtirwiac."] Aliaiil.«iu
waa piriiard wiMf flHa .idvii-ni and G:ill«d f.ir
lluahai, Uavid'a fnrndt (fur U) did lia alilr him,;
and iuformiiiK him of tha opinion uf Ahilhnphi I,
ha aakad furini^ what waa hia opinion coiicarn-
iilg thai matiert Now, ha waa aanailiK' ihil if
Aliilhiiiihrrt couoifl waa lulliniad, l)n»iil iv lulil
Im in danK«r uf bring af it'll pn, anil tl.iin: to
iia atlcniplMl lo iulrmlura a cuiilrnry opinion,
and aaid, "Thou art not acipininteir, U kinj;,
with Iba valor of Ihy father, and of thita«i Ihxl
*N now with him; that li« hnlh iiiadx many
wara, and halh.alwaya roniti nlf willi virioryi
tbough probably he now abidi'a id tho Raiii|i, Inr
halt »ary ikilful in tlralii^rnua and in forewr-
lag Iba daccllfyl Iricka of hit cnciuiea, yet will
h« Iravt- hia own ttildirr* in ihe rteninj, ami
will eilher hide kimtcif in lome vallny, or will
place an aiubuih at aonie rorki to lliut when
.our army Joint Imtlle with hiiu, hia loldirra
will retiru (or » little while, but will nine uiinn
ut ajfain, aa encouraged by the king't lining luar
them; and in ille mean lima yunr fHtlicr will
•boiv hiiiitrif (uddinljr in the lime of the baltli:,
and will infuar courage into hit own propln whi:ii
tbey are in iIhiikit, but bring rmintfrn.ition to
tbine, Coniider, iImt) fore, my advice, ami rea-
ton upon il, and if Ihnu rami not but ai:linow-
ledge il toll* the beat, reject the opinion uf A hi-
Ihophel. Send to the entire ciiitntry nf the Hr-
brewt, and order Ihiui to coniv and Aght with
Ihy father; iind do Ihou Ihynrlf take the army,
and be tliiiie own general in Ihit war, and do not
irutt ita' nianagi'inrut to another; tht.n exwct
to Ron(|iier him wilbeaae, when thou nvvritkitt
him oiienly with hia fuw purliiiana, but batl thy-
aelf many Irh tliou'anda, who will be deairout to
iteinoiittmle to thei: Ihiir diligi iirti iind alncrilv.
An:l if thy father aiiull ahul hiii.aelf up in tonic
city, auti bear a lifge, tvc will nvtrthmw that
tlW ivilli niachiuea of wjr, and by undermining
it " When Hatha! hail taid this, he obtained hii
point aguiuat Abitbuphcl, for hit opinion wai prc-
*ahla reAecMon of Juaephua'a, tbal Ood bi»H(ht lo
•ouilil the 4un|(i!ro«a rounael of Ahltlioph'ul, and di-
rarlly 'Inl'niuatetl'wlitkcd Alaalohilo rejnrt it,(wlilrli
'kinitualioii' i« wliill tlu Bcrliitiire A\y\i:* the JiidiciHl
*hard*illnK the hcuru'unit tiliHilin^ llieeytt' of inpn.
WhO,^y tlieir lormrr voluntary wirkniliii'm, have Juaily
Jet e mil tu l i e il«> l niyt» l , and a r e tlie r e ' iy hiuut l ii to
deal nrtion,) It a very Jiiai one. and In hlih not uiifie
4Upni, Nui' doet Jm>'|ii.ua ever puw'.e liiDiBeir.ur |ior-
plat hlarpadi'ra,Hilti nibiHe liyroilieteHHttotheauM-
oar of tufh Jitdllat iiilalualioiit hy Coif while the
JiUlk* of Ihau U (oneraliy ao alivloiH. That pcculiaf |
Jktfail by AhMlom befir* Iba nthaf't' howatar
TTWtt no iilher than tloil who nia.la the niunael
uf Muahai n|i|»ar bul In the uiiiid tif Ain.iloin •
T, No lliialmi miU.: l.iitU |.i lli« Inih prieiit,
Xadok ami Alilnlhar, anl tohl tliiin iTia npiniuii
of Abilh<i|ihr|, and l,i« own, ami that Ilia renin-
lion wa< iiiNan In fidl iw thia hiirr ailvH-a. Ma
Ihrrefun bade them trm^lil llnvlil, and lull hini
nf il, and In infnrni IHIIi of the toiintt U that ha<l
been Inkini and In ilraire hini lurlhir In |Hwt
i|iiiekly over Jorilitn, U>| hia eon ahmihi cliaagt
hit mind, ami |niiki< hnain In iniraue hini, and to
prevent hliii, and a.iie upon hi.n Iwfnre he lia ii
aafely. Now, the hi^h (iriella had their ao(.t
I'linrialril in a propi r |ilare mil nf the rily, Ihiit
they might carry m wt In David of wlml waa
IraiMti'leil. Ai'i<iirdiu|ly, Ituy aiiM a niaiil aer-
vaiil Whom Ihiy eoul.T Irint, In rarry th.ni Ihi
nawa (11 Alualuiii't rnuiiola, and orilerrd ihriM
to »i|{!iily the )iiiiie In Disiil with nil tiieed. #.>
"'.'I le noKiiiae ordiliiv, but liiliiiig iKin^
will) them their fnlhcra' iiijiiiw tinna, Ikihiiu'
piMU4 and fiiilhfiil iiiini»le/i, and judging Itiii-
(iiii. kn. ., and tmlleniit-a wii»lh« heat miirfc ' of
fiilhiiil aefyii .<, ibef mndr liiiitc to meet with
Davlil; but iN^rlain bfirn men taw them when
they ivire two furlon'^t fium the ritv, and ii,.
formed Ahmlom nfth ivhn iiniiiriliulrl> aenf
• ■III' to like Ihrui; hut witi'n thn ion» of the
hi^h prirala |n n-i jvi d Ihit, thi y went nut nf the
ritail, ovl liel Hill t'liniai'lvrt lo ii rerlidn viHiigi ,
thai villitji^e wiianilliM |l'ihurini; there ihiy dr
•irnd II rtrlnin wnnini; lo liiile llirni, iipi I'lllnni
thrm aritrttoy, Ai>)riliii;i;ly, the let tin ynuiic
men ilnivn by a M|ie iiiln h ivcll, and laid iVerrt
i-f wool ov»r litem; ami vi'hen thoae tlml fMirtneil
Ihi^ui raiiie (n hrr, and iiakid her whether the
taw IHi'dH the ili I nut ili nr IIihI the hml teen
them, for thnt ll'ej- aiaid nith'har tome tiiiuv but
till' aiti.l )hr) Ihri wiiit thi'ir wHiii! ariil «lu' lW< -
tiilil, tliiit, howiiver, if lliev woulil follow Ihrni di-
riirtly they would cnU:h I'li.ni. Hut win n iifti r
a Ijii,'? piirtuil lluy roiiM nut rali'h thi iii, llii'%
came liiii'k igiiiii; an<l when tlie woman •:•»
thoae iiii'ii wi.re ntunivd, and that tlit re wit no
longer aiij f< ir of the ynnnK "'en't being rangiil
liv Iheiii, till iln w them lip by the rope, and badt
tUmi go on thi ir jwirniy. Arrnrdinitly, thfv
iiaed gri-at 'liligenco in the nni<ei:utiun of Ihn'l
joiirm-.v, iind rniiii! to Uiivid ii|id inforinad liiin
HiTuratily nf all the ronnielt of Ahtiiloui. Sn
lie cQiiiiiiiuuli'd tlinae that were with hiJn lo fmtii
over J.>r:liiii while il w,it night, and n-jt lodtlay
:it ull on ihiit HC>'nitnl.
B. ttul Aliithiipliil, on rejerlijn of hit advice,
got uiKin hit Ilia, mill roiie uwnv to hit own coun-
try tlllm; mill calling hia fa'liiily together, he
told Ihim iliatiACity whiit advire\ho liad giveii
Abtalnni; iind tifii'i; he had rtut been penuaile'l
by il,l(f t:>iH iiewjulil evideiitly perith, and thit
in no Iniip lime, an I thjt IJavid uould ovrinroine
him, and return lo hia king'lniii aguin: ao he laid
it wilt better tliat he ihnuld toka bia own life
away with i[reed»ni and ningnaniinity, than au-
|,ote hiniai'lf to be punished by Dnvid, in o|>poti-
•lion to tvhoiii he had acti^l entir''ly liir Abtiiloni.
When he h« I diarouraril tliut to them, he went .
Into thn inninat room of hit boute, and hanged
himtelf; mill thill w^a Iha death of AhithopKrI,
who was telfcondeninc I: an'l whi-n hi< relntinna
had lukin htm down fruni the baiter, tbey look
mammr oniie d'vlne oper.itloui, or perntiaalon*. or Ih*
«aM"» l!0(l inaki'a u«e uf In lurh rtm'i. It flfipii liii|i«n-
clrahle l.y ii«. -Hw'rcl tliin;i« lielont lo lite l^nl our
ti^liutlhoielhlnrathiitnrareveaMlmlangto ut.and
t»«ur chijilreii. for eirer, iliin we uity do nil ihc worda
nfihlalHW." I>eiit. i«li. i». Nor liava all the tub-
itllln ni the iMOiluriia. m l.ir an I ix-e, |{iven any lunal-
dernhle liiht In thia, iinil ugmy other the like polnia oi*
dlllienlly Tetnllng either lo divine or human«p(ratlana.
Bee flia notat on Antlq. B. t. chap. L aact. S, and Antia.
B.ls.chap,tv.aacl.X
inok vn^-^KT, X'
m
(•rtfffMiAifvMt. lfoi»,tifi#n«»).l,h*™iM*a
III M.iliiillitliii
•n>l
• yoty liiir •ml „
nun <it lb* OHiiilrif rti rlva<( hfiH
• rry drMnx < ill'
wl alt ih* tAi*' nii-'n <i( lb* OHliilr* rti rlva<( hfii
|lh ||r>;il plrriUMrr, biilh iiMl nC Ina •littni* thr)
hul Ihiil ha.tkiiiiU l>a furrvH l.i Afo *«>ty, i rniiii
J«rii>«UMii,| anil mil of IIim roiifi I Ihrji linii' bliii
wfiit* Ji« Mna .in hl> lurinur iiroiiivrily. 'I'h^i'
Kara UanilUl lhv<iili'«ilil>, iiihI Si|>liiirlhc ruler
•M»«| Iha AiiimimUaa, aiwl Mai liir ibf |iriiH't|Mil
wall uf (ilUaili anil llii'v dirnlahixl liiin with
nlantifiil pr(i>liiiin« fur hlnMrlt anil ti)< f.illow«r',
inauinui-li Iftal Ihajr wmlril mt haila n<ir lila^fctiU
(ur lli«iu. nur liiatra uf b>»ii(l, ii«r wliiai n»,t,
(hajr lir»U||hl Ihant a Krani many lalllai f'lr
■l*H|blart anil nffarvil llmui what rumilurc lh<y
wiota4 (or ihilr rvfrvihuirnl nrlun lliajr »*r«
manrf Mfl for iumi, willi ptani^ v( olbM M«w
f:ilAI'. X. " ^---.:-^---
Hon), wA<n ^iftM<«m irat hialtn, A< iMf raughl
in a Trf ky hit Hair, ami ii'oi </a/(l.
II. And till* wai llm illli' uf Pavlil And hU
fallnwrri. Hal Abnaluni Rut tuKtlhir a vial ar
III/ vf Ibn llrbii'Wi t» i>|i|Hhi« Ilia fulhcr, ami
|iai>«il (hcrvwilli rlvrr ihi- rtvrr Jiinluiii illlit aiil
ilown iiul fur Dlf Muluin;tii>i« in llir luuiitiv ufdi'
land. Ha a|i|Hiin(i!il Aiiiiiaa lo lie vh) inin nl'.uU
hia hml,1na|rail iif JiihI) Ilia kinaninni liiaj,it|ftrr
waa Itlira, luJ hi* iiiufltcr AtilKail: itm •Kh^ikI
7*ruiab. the luulhtr of'Vimls *«»': liiivi'l'a lia-
tara. Hut win n Uaviil hni'l iHimhrnil liU fniliKV-
rra, and fuuiid lliriu U> Im alinul lour tbnuaanil,
jiC nrai^vrd not lo tarry till Aliaal>»n aMiirlii'd
hini, ImiI arl uvi'r liia ini'X •'H)iliiiiia uf (lujuaaiiiU.
aiiil captaiiia of liuiulrvila, ami ditiiind bit army
into tnrr* parta: (tir una |i^rl b» rnuiMllU'd lu
Juab, Iha nrll to Abialiai, Jiitli'a bntthi'r, nod
lh« third til lllai, l)avld'a riim|ianiiiii mid I'liriid,
but one tliat ciuiiit I'rom llu' iily ill (iaili. And
Wlirn lie naa diairoua of AkIiIiui^ hiiiiki If uitioiiK
tliMii, hit fritinda Mtiiuld nnt let bun; iiii'ULa.r*'-
fUMlof thetra waa tiiumlvd upon ver)
•Qna: " For, (aaid thry,) it vnt he runiiiii^
bo'ia irilb u», w« havi' loat ull R'luil ii<
('OVcrioK uiir<«lvr«; but if n'r xliuulil lii: briTlril
in one part of our uriiij, the i.iht r |iiirl« niiij n-
tire to him, and may llKnhy iinpura a sf'"'"'
force, while the enemy ivill unljMj^Uy
that liehatb anothrraroiy with liIBl."
waa plvuai'd ^fitb thi* thtir adviri', iiud rixnltrd
bimaclf lo tarry ul MalMuuiA. A.ml ui b>' n.nt
hit friendt and roininamlen tn the bntile, h<i dc'
■ired thcoi lo abotv all poaaibki itlni-rity und fidi'-
lily, and to brar in Qiind what a'lvaula^ia tlii-y
received fniiii liiui, which thuiif^h tiny had not
been vriry crtial, yet had tliiy imt bini ijuitr in-
conniderHble; liiid he bepgi'il of llicni to aitiirc
Ihe youuK niiin Alxaluin, Icat aiimiv luiBCliivf
ahould befall biiii^ilf if he ahoutd be kllli'l. And
thua did he arnd out bit army to the battle, u)id
wished lln'iii II victory therein.
2. Thrn/did Jonb put bit army hi liattle nrraji
over agnimil the tnemy in the f|;reat plain, where
he haila wood lit hind dim. Abaaluiii uUq brguKbt
Ilia army into the field lo oppoae him. i U|ioii
the joinluz of the biillle, both aidei ahuivcd (U^nt
acliona with ihiir handt and tlieir bid.lnc^ai
the one aide expoaiiip; theiiitelvva to Ihe greB>i«l
hainr<lt, and u«in|; their ntnipit atarrity, that
Unvid iui)(hf rrrovrr hit king^loin; and the other
being noway deliiirnt rithcr in doinj; or auircr-
inf;, that At>anluiit mij(ht not be diprived of thnt
kiuKilimi, and be brou|i;lit to punishment by hit
futhcr, for hi* impudent attempt againtt him
tollrilaiia thai l|»#y «inht "<>' *>• rn"<|<ufad by
thua* t»w that wan with Joab, and aittb lb«
iilbar roaiiuanilara, beiaua* that W(Mi|d bt> tb«
Kreaint ditf (am to ihrm, whiU l)a>id'a anldlert
ttro»» (tr»al*» lo in»ri«M«« »» many •«• lho»»-
•anilt I a* the tnrmy bail wil4l thaiu.J Ni*»
llaviM'. men w«r» eiini^n'Mra, aa anpenof III
•Irm^th and tkdl In wari v lh*y fitlhiwvd IM
nlhera at thay Bed away liifaii||fi Ihe ftirattt aiM
valUyti tlllM they loub lirlamWra, and niank
Ibi'v alew.aiMl iniiri In lh« Ai|[ht Ihan mi l'<a hal-
llc' for llieri' li II alioul Iwiniy lliouannil tbal
iluv- Hut all ilfvid'a mm ran viob nlly vpnn
Ab-ttlom. for be #aa »a«il/ km/wn by bit Iteanl^
and talliien. At* wa. bihitrif alao afranl letl
hia ruemiia t^ld ai i/n OMflpU. an he f»t >i\»m
liie^nR'a muh' and Hxdi
with violrui ♦, mul n"l«a
lieinU hmmlf liljht.be
in Ihe large l»Mi|th« of
%
aa lie Wat larriiil
II treat liioliiMi. aa
^UirhiahairKreally
Tity lre« that tprtMl
a (real way, nii3 ihi i" h- huim after •.•urpri
iiiiK manner; ul»*.*i''^'f 'I'" (»*""• i^mtn* on
further, and jITlt awiiily, a^ if ila ui4Pr had
CBF
y aiippoai'
Sof>avid
IIIIK manner ; i|^(pt<' f
further, and Jlut awill , , _
been atill npixi il«9>«' k; but he kawgrMK in the
uir upon lh.i lii<u(th», wm taken by hb eiirinlaa.
Now when "»« "( Uavi.l't aul.lltra taw ihia, he
iuforiili'il J.nbirf it; Mnt when the grneral aaiil,
that " if he Kail ahot at »»'! hilM Abtnlom, hji
ivoutti li'ivi. )j1^•n him I'tfiy lihekila. ' he replied,
•' I would mil hute killed ui« mnater't aun II thou
wnuldal have given Hie » t1t«iiaaild akiktlt, ct^
picially when he il.'.irid tb«l the yonnjt iii«n
miahl be aatired, I* the heaHMR ol ut all." Wilt
Jiwb bmleliKii «h«w him lalieri' it w»a ihal h.^^
taw Aliaidom liuhg; whi nm»m h-^ ahot hini, l»
lh« henrt, au.VrUw him, .lUil J.mb't ariiuir-bti«r>
eft tliwd roiidd almul lln Im . Mii-I piU'd dgril
hi. dead hoily. Hud ciiatjl into a gtaali lM»tm?tl»l
W«t oal of aiKlit, ami I.imI a |ie«(i nf > iKa U|i»<.
him till lAe laviivwiia liU-il up, ami bolji h nl
the appuafiince and the bi)(iii«ti»f a tiff**- Th'ti
JiMb aonndeil a ri Irent, and e< i.atM hia i<w%^iil-
iliArt^om purauinK the »miiiy't ariiii, IntoHfei
lo ipaTv their coiiHlrjiiiro. . 1 .
-:k
•II
:ifi' Now Abtaloin liail erei (^d for hint«lf *
niniblc pilhir inlV kin^'a diile, two furl .ngt dia-
liio Iroin Jiruaiil which lu' numeil Ahiulnni'a
lln Id. aiiyiiilf, that if hia Thddwn were kdlcdv
Ilia nan
time . .
wc taid before, who, whi u'xhe wat iiiarrieii lo
Tbote alto thtil Hero the jiiual liumeruun <itttHi.
*Th« reader neeil nntlw turpriaeH at tlila ncroiinl of
David't ll'/niip, lioih here, aiid 8 earn, xviil. "it. that It
waa l^lkvi'en two raleanr portala. itnien helm In cltlttt,
at we'l *a al llie temple, l<iri:e njH'n |)lnreii >t ii h a portal
at the entrance, and aiioUier at th«exill.b«twMn which
Now Abtaloiii 1
lie pilliir inlV k
Iroui Jcruaidcm,
id. aiiyiiilf, that i - - ■- •• • -•-■—;
name woulil rrniiiiil bv that pillar; for he bail
e fon«, iilid 6nv diiiiRbler. named Tamar, at (
... »aid before, who, whi u'xhe wat married to
David'a gruiulion,' Kehob.iiini, lianr a "Oii. Abijah
l>y name, who iiirceede.il bit father in the king-
dom i bul of thctr we 'ihall t|ieak iu a |Hirt of
our hiatory which will b«' more proWtr. After
the ilialh of Abaaloni, lliiy relnrnail avary pn«
to their own hoiuiK rc»pe('li*ely.
4. Iiul now Ahiiimm, llie toil of ISailok, the
hi^li prie.l. went l« .loab. and detired he would
piriiiit him to an ami Ull I hi v id of thit victory,
anil lo briiiic him the gnik{ newt that fiod bad
afforded hit H»«t.t,.iice and hi« providence lo him.
liowever,~he did iiotKrant hit reiiueat; but tald
to him." Wilt thou, ivho h»»t nlwayt been the
nietaeii^er of good ne»«, now K'» *"<' »tqii»i»i
Ihe king; that hia ton itdeail?" So be d««r*d
him toiTetiit He then culled (Juibi, »nd com-
initted the buiiilett to him, thni ho abuuld tell
the king what he hiul teen. Hut when Ahiniaa* .
iipiin dealred him to let hiiU fo at « meuenC"'!
mid aatured him that he would only relate what
conccflied Ihe victor) , but not cuioceriiiug flic
death of Abtalom, hi gave him leave to go to
David. Now he look ii nearer road than the for-
mer did, for^ nobody knew it bnl hiHwelf, and he
came before ('inhi, Kow aa David wat titling
bctivWMl the Batet,* and w aiti n g to te e when
ludlrinl etuae* Were hesiril. and pnMle f l>«tultatk>n» ,
inken, at it la well known I'"'" oeveral plarea of tcfuj.
tiirB,2Clilon.H«i.«:PK>l l«- M;rixl(. SiFiov. h 11
*UI. 3,341 uul- a»««l «A«a,«l«(Wh«c
...-„-^^-
•"/
:j
m:
M:
■■■^':.T
IM
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEW8.
•oniebody would come to him (torn the battle,
and tril liim bow it went, one of the watchmen
•iW Abimagi runninff, ami btfoni he coiilii ilii-
cern who lin wii, h« tolil Diiviil that be mw
Kimrboilv rominj to hini) who uid, he wn* a
((oo(| ii.r«Hen)5tr. A little while after he inform,
ml hiin that another menMiiep^ followed him;
whereupon the kin;; lai.l that li.> was ajio a pood
meocnger! but when the watchman tnw Ahl-
' Miaai.aud ti.at he wai already verv near, ho gave
the km;' notice thHl it wai the ion of Zadok tile
hl|h prie»t, who riinie running. So David wui
»«ry (chiil, and taid, "He was a iiiessengcr of
jfoo<l lidih^s. anrl broURht him jonie such news
from the liutilo as he desired to hear."
S. While the kiitj; was saying thus, Ahimani
anpenrrd, and woriliipned the king. And when
the k mar inquired of him ahi.ui the battle, he
»aid, "He broiishi him tlie good news of victory
mid dominion." And wliaii he inquired wimt he
hiul to say concerning his soh, he said, that " he
'^""', "r"' °" •''* """'den as soon as the eiieiiiy-
was defeated, but that he heard a great nuise of
those that parsued Absalom, and that he could
i"L ,"° '""H. bi cause of the hasle he made
wheri Joab sent him toinforni him of the victo-
>y. Hut when Cushi was come, and had wor-
*hip|ied hiin, and informed him of the victory,
he asked hini ubout his kon ; who replied, " Miiy
the like niislprtune befull thine enemies as hatii
liefalleii Absiilom." Th)»t word did not permit
either hiiii»<ll or his soldiers to rejoice for the
victory, though it was a very great one; but
Uavid went ii i to the highest part of the'tritv,*
snU wept lor his son, and beatlii* breast, tearing
M'e h»ir ofj his hcud, and tormenting himself
nil niaiiqer ol wpys, aiid crvin),' Out, •' <S my son!
I wish that I had died niyst-lf, and ended my days
with thee!" »> be was of a tender natural af-'
lection, and had extfaonlinnrv compassion for
this sou M (larticular. But wfien the army and
Joab beard that the kii^g iiioiirned for this son,
• hey were ashamed to anter the cily in the habit
• f conquerors, but theWall caj.ic in as cast down,
aiid in tears, as if thevl had bi en beaten. Kow
tvhile the king covereil himself, and grievously
lamenled his son, Joab went in to him, and cbni-
torted hmi, and said, " O my lord the king, thou
art not aware that thou lavest « blot oh thyself
by what thou now doest: 'for thOD seeinest to
JiMc those thatlov«,th«e, niicl undergo dangers
for thee; nay, to hate thynelf and thy fainily,
and to Bive those that ore thv bitter enemies,
and to desire the company oflhose that are no
iiNwre, and who have been justly slain; for had
Absalom gotten the victory, and firmly settled
himself 111 the kingdom, there had been none of
us left alive, but all of u.s, beginiiing with thy-
self and thy children, had miserably perished.
While our enemies had not wept over us, but re-
joiced over lis, and punished even those that
pitied us in our iiiisforlunes; and thou art not
ashamed to do this in the case of dtie that his
been thy bitter enemy, who, while he rtas thine
own son, hath proved so wicked to thee. Leave
oil, therefore, tny unreasonable grief, and^come
abroad, and be seen by thy soldiers, and return
them thanks for the alacrity they showed in the
fight; for I myself will this day persuade the
s I>eople to leave thee, anf\ tq give the kingdom to
Miolher,' if thou coritinuest to do thqs; and then
1 shall make thee to gneve bitterly, andf in ear-
nest." Upon Jo,ab's speaking thus to him, he
made the king leave oil his sorrow, u^id brought
hini to-tbe considctetion of his all'uirs. So David
changed -his habit, and exposed himself iu a
• Slnro David wn» now in-Malianaiin, aiid in the open
place of thai city lale, whlrh seems still to have heen
mu the hidhcst of any |.nrt of the wall,Bnd since our
Mlicr copies say, he 'weMtuii to theehaniher over the
IfBte.' 2 Sam. »ylii ST. 1 think weought to correct our
present readuig tn Joacphns, and for ciVy should read
manner At to be teen by the multitude, and sal
at the gat^s; whereupon all the people heard of
It. and ran together to him, and saluted him
And this was the present state of David's affairs.
--. CHAP. XI.
How David, tohtn hi had ftcottrtd hit King-
dom, va» rtconciltd to Shimri, uttd to Ziba ■
a„d.$howed a rrtal Jljlclion to Rarxillai-;
' and fioit, upon llit Ki$t if a Setlilion, he maUt
JImata Citjilain if hit lluit, in order to oursui
iihtba, yohtch Amoia va» ilain by Joab.
}1- Now those Hebrews that bad been with
Absalom, and had retired out of the battle, when
tm-y were all. returned home, sent messengers tu
evervcity to put them in mind of what benafitt
David hiid bt'slowed upon thrni, and of that li-
berty which he hid procured them by delivering
thiiii ffohi many and great wars. But they
complaineil, that whereas they had ejected him
out of his kingdom, and commilied it to another
governor, which other governor; whom they had
set up, was already dead, they did not now be-
seech Diivid to leave ofl' his anger at them, ^nd to
become friends with them, and, as he utjd to do,
to resume the care of their affairs, and take the
kuigdoin again. This was often told to David.
And, this nolwilhstanding, David sent to Zadok
and Abiathnr the high piieMs, that they should
speak to the rulers of the tribe of Judah after the
manner following: That "it woiild be a re-
proach unoii them to permit the olW- tribes to
choose David for their king before iheir tribe,
and this, (»aid he.) while you are akiii to him,
and of the same common blood." He coriVinnnded
them also to say the same to Amasa the cn- tain
of their forces. That " whereas he was bis sis-
ter's son, he had not persuaded the multitude to
restore the kingdom of David: That h» might
expect from him not only a leconciliatioii, for
that wss already granted, ^)i,t that supreme*
command of the army also which Absalom hod
bestowed ujioii him." Accordingly the high
priests, when they bad discoursed with the ru-
i" S L '"'''• '"'' ""''' "*"»' "'" '''"K '••d or-
dered them, persuaded Amasa to undertake the
care of his affairs. So he persuaded that tribe
to send immediately ambassadors to him, to be-
seech bim to return to his kingdom. The same
did all the Israelites, at the like persuasion of
Amasa, '
2. Wbeiri the ambassadors rame to bim, be
came to Jerusalem ; 'and the tribe of Jiidah was
the first that came to meet the king at' the river
Jordan. And Shimei, the son of Gcrai Came
with a tboiisaml men, which he brought with
him out of the tribe of Benjamin; and Ziba, the,
frcedmail of Saul, with his sons, fifteen in taumber
and with bis twenty servants. All these, as well
as the tribe of Judab, laid a bridge [of boatsl.*
over the riVer, that the king and those that were
with bun, might with eas^ pass over it. Now as
soon as he was come to Jordan, the tribe of
Judah saluted him. Shimei aUi^came upon the
bridge, and took hold of his feet, and prayed
bim "to forgive bim what he had offended, and
not to be. loo bitter against him, nor to thiok fit
to make him the first exaniple of severity under
his new authority; but to consider that he had
repented of his failure of duty, and bad taken
care to come first of aH to him." Whije he was
thus entreating the king, and moving him to
compassion, Abishai, Joab's broljier, said, " And
shall not this man die for this, that he h«th
cursed that king whom God batlT appointed to
^a(«, I. e. instead of the highest part of the o7», aUould
^V the liighest part of the fate. Accordingly we find
David presently in Josephus, as Well as in our other
copies, S &m. xix. 8,aittiof as before in the gmteotttt
^-.::-ljiCj-:,^..
BOOK V<L-CIIAP: XI.
oMgn ov
liim, ajiii
of }irriiiaUf
155
■ 1 ■ . . ■ • . . ^ fe
• r uti" B.lt Uavi.l luriie>l liiiiHcIf to i loiin-rm-,! ^viira old, aiirl wag thcrcluf* W«IfWf
J •ai.l, "Will vc II. wr 1p..v« oIJ. y. .oni iiiousion l„r u» .liatl. .ml biiriHl; ••»''« ''V'''f''
trouble* «ml MilUioiM B.imMS Its luw the former, him. lorl"' '"wl »t» rch.h for liUji.f »t or hn .Innk
.,r« ovrr; for I tvould i.ot httV« .o., iK^M.rmit IhutI l-y r.usoi. ..flu. ap-, ^n'' 'J''Wp)Sft'r" "••'^,{?°
I thin flny Lrei.. mv r.■i^nl. n.»l U.ortf,.i-.. .w.«r .,i«.Hh 'l^.it.U). I.. »uar tl.«J|(^..r^.ri,, or the
to ...,iui...lv.rt oiiaov o... ll...t I.h, »h>.u.l. iW <lio«- tl...t l.v.; will, kn,!?* *'^ ',«''' '"■... J^'
Ihon Ihcrcf.re, (wtd h. .) 0.s.hi.i..i. of goo.l ; l.« <-i.t...il.d lor_th.M.. iiir.it»tly, ll..- kirffauid
.In.tl..' So ho wor-hiim..!, hi.... ami wn.t onj <;i.i...l.a.... ami u|...n hi... I w.ll I.. -u-w all wrt.
,',•'(,;„, " J|ofKuu<Uliiii}C«;" ho Hari.llai h It li» «.o.i wijh
;!. M. i,l.il.o..!.rlh alio, Sn..l> Kraml.o,n ,..»i hi.... ami uorshipimlth.. k...K a...l «mI...I hm.
I)»vid. .I»lh.<l ... a »,ml.d garaioul. «i,.l huvhiR i » |.r,.»il.:.oi.x , d... liH.oli ol all l.v» ..lliiir. u.rord.
hi* hair thick u»di|rtl..tr.n lurafUr Djvid wa» H.B to l.iy.u.. ..,...(. and thc.i -l-tlun... I.oiue.
!'".""" . • « , ._.... .,..., 1..",..., „... . |,^t |j„viil (•ii..it> to t;.I(;i.y.ttvin^' iilioi.t h.n. half
! the piui.lt [of' Urai'l,] aild the [whole] tribe ol
U'-iiial'msn of the countrv <:
with .1 jjrt'at iimltitu.le.
Xi.iliih.
j. Now till; prii.'-i|i
I (o (iilpti lo III...
anie
and
rted aiviiv, 1^> wn> i.. ."..il. Rricf that lie had not
jHilled li'.H l.iaii, .mr had hi' wa-li<il l.ix clolhts,
:iH (looiniii!; I.i.ii^ll' to iiiiiU^r'^o surli" liiinl»hi|i»
«ipoa oic.iM.iH of ihr cha.ieo of tlio kiii-t'it .ifluicj.
Now he ha.i lii'cii unjiitth' (•ahliioiiaii il I" thf ." >...(,■.. ............... ■•, .J";", "■.■."'VTl..,,; l..,l
k\w bvV.il.a his^liwanl. -Wh... h.. ha.l s„l.,tHl co...,,lalnr.lol the ti-.l.r of J..d.di, that thfy had
th« k-...B, n.Ml wor-hio,,..! hii... tl..^ kl..jr b.^ai. to ! coi,,.' L. I.i.u iii " pi-'vat.' hmmur. *•'< ""•^'•X
•Hk him. "VVhv h.' .:i(( not H" <>"« of J.n.'.al. ... I oi.nl.l iiU foiyointir. and w.th One and the ume
with hi. id W-.-oi«,!':,..i l.iu. di.pi.is hi. Ilight!" I i..l.mio.i,M-.hav« p.v.n hi.,, the nic..|.n|C. But
owinfi't. Ziha; b...au,.. Un. hr^or,.j.r..ljn^^
to icet thii.jf- rea.lv for his j,'..i..« out « i* hh.i, 1 by tl-... : loi; .aid th.y. "VV ,: ar ' Ua%
heto.)knorar«./it..b..tr.j;i.rd.:.ll..q. no .,.„rc invo, and. ."• (hat ..orouot we .tl.t rnt
than if hr had been a »!..><•; and i.itltwl, h;ol 1 ' '••^" "f ' «"'' 'ovd bo... and m> cai.
had mv fret Houml al.d nlron^. I hlidi.ol dcnTlcl
thee, ibr 1 rouhl then have made mr of the.n hi
iiiy flight: but thi» in not till the hiiury tlwt
Zib.i has done me, aft to inV d.ity to thee, ...y
ioril n.id loy .iia»ter, |iut he hatli,«iduinniati;d ii«;
be«i(lt<, and t .Id luii about nn- of his.ywn ii^ui-
tion; but I know kl.y .i.i..d will not ad...it 0|»..kK
eulnninie<, but it rid.teou>ly ..disposld, .a.id a
(over of truth. whirTi it U idiothe willjif (i-od
thoiild piev.id. . Kor when tip).. wa»t in IIm'
;;Teiitisl liauger of M.fffri..;.' by ...y i,'ni..dl.;ithi .•,
and when, (bi that ;.rr....iil, ui.r whole, lao.dy
n.l)Cl.l justly liate be»nd< si.rye.l, ihou wiint nio-
der.ile nnd" ...ereiful, and didn't then espei:inlly
lortet allthoMJ injin-iis wb>.., if tl.iHi hatjlst re-
ineiii'iirnl the.n, ihon l...il.-t. thf^' potter ol ;puif-
i«).ins IIS firOiem; liiit th.... hn.-t jud);.'.! ...e to
lie thy f.ie.id, and ha«l»i< ...•: every .lay at iLii.e
own taldi\ HOT have ^v.i.iliil ii..y lWu\% «liii li
one of thine own kinsiue.i, of g.-isil(«t isIumii
vvilh thee, .■Old I have e\peif< d." \Vliei.. hi' said j ii.> p.
thin, David reicdved neitln i- to pllni^'!( .Vleiilii:..
ri.elh,* nor ta conJen... /.ib i. a» hi.mi;,- helnil
his imiHter; b.it said to liill..' ibnt i.s li.. biid [lie-
fore] srailted Jl lii8e,t:ite lo Zijia bei aose he
did not come aWt; with bini, fo he [now] pro-
IIHM> Uj foi'tci"* li""' •'•»' or'hri'd tl:at lli.' ..in'
Ksif of his e-tiite slioiil'l be ri'stoii-d' to him.
Whei-fiipon MJSr.ib.is!.. Ui s:iiil, -Niiy, 1. 1 Ziha
take all; it «i.(liJH» lue timt tliou hast recpwred
thy kiu'vilo.ii.'' 1 " • , . .'i
X IJi.t David jlesiVed Hariillai, the l.ilrudlte,
ilial ureiil aiid-fsifcid man, iiiid one that bad i..iide>
: li phntiful nroviJjon for ijin. at Maha.iiiin., ui.il
.con.'iui'tel hi... as far as Jordun, to i.ceo.np.ii.y
hh.i til Jemsah'.di for he |iromised to Ireat hiiii
ill his old ajfc wi'h all i'.ia....er of reiijM'it; to
take care of hi.a, arid proviilc f.>r him. Rut liar-
lill'ii wuf yy desirous to liye^t hoine, that he eii-
trcuted him to eii/iuse bi.ii from attcnda.u'c on
lata; a.id said, Tltat 'diis ae;e was too j:reat lo
enjoy ti.e pleasures [of a court,] 8ini;e he was
• Dy navlil's itispdsal of Unlf MBpl.ilKislicll.'s i^nte to
7,ilia.o.i" woulil iniii2ii.etlintl.c was a «ooc! deal dis-
latiifi'-ii a.iil ilo.ilillal wliillicr.Mepliihoalietli'i story
Were enlirely true or not. .S'or does BaviJ jiow iiiviti!
htm lo ilU'l will. liiui.BS heiliit Iwlore.tiut m.ly foriiives
bint if be '.ii.'l 'leei 111 all •-■nilty. Nor is tiiis otid way
• of ran.. I nl.i* tliat Mei>l.i''"s'ielli made use of here, and
SBam !(i»;i!l w'.ollv frue from suspirioi. of hyporr!-
'■y If Zil'B ne'lei'teJI or fpfltse.l to l.Vb.g M.^ilil'oslieHi
■d'ass of 'lis owJi, on wlil'li lie niialit riile to Utvid. it
to hard to »upp<*s i 'lat so jrcat a in'.ui as lit win sbould
"~ .- ; ' ^t--^: . . — - — —
id's kiiis-
..., — - dher took
f.fvt: of him, nnd loved hiiii, and so rainc first to
him; yet hail they not, by tin ir early romiiigi
nceivid a.iy ni'ls from lii'in, wbirh loifrht give
the.ii who ca.ue lust aiiv u.i< asineis." When the
TiJeis of the tribe ot Judab hud sniil this, the
I'jilers of the oilier tribes were not ip.iet, but said
fiVt'thir,"0 brethren, we eannot but wonder at
you, wbin vou cull the kinpyoi.r kiiisniaii alone,
wirereashi that hath receiveiffrointJbd the power
iiver all (rf us i.i coiH..ion, ouxht to hi' esteemed
a kiti-iiiiiii lo us nil ; for whietr reuson tl)e wbolit
fji iph' have <»1even parts in hini,t and you but
one jiiirt; we hIso ai'e ehler than you; wherefore
vuH liave 'iiul done justly in coniini; to ihf: kinjf
in lliisiiiivali' ihhI t'onceiihd manner."
:■■ li. Vybib: these rulers were thus disputing one
withii.iolhi^-, a .ertain wieked I'liiin who took a
'^ll.ii.uie M. s<'<i>lious iiritclires, (his Uan.e wo*
S.ielia, the. suit of llictri, of the tribe of Denja-
i.ii.i,! siood'up in llie midst of the .iiullilndc.und
rriid al.iiid, a.id spake Ihustothim: "VVe have
in l)avid, nor inheritance in the son of
,. .-.,, . And when he had ilsid those words,' he.
il.'iv will, a Iriinipel, and declared war apiinst
! l!ie kin;;', and they all lelV David, ami foHowed
hiiii; ll.<' tribe ol' J udah alone staid with hiii(,
H.id xellled him in his royal palnoi' at Jetusal*in.
liufas for his eonculiines, with whom .\bsaloli>
hissiill bad accompanied, truly he removed them
to iinother house;'iind ordered those that had the
care of ti.e.ii to make a pleiliiful provision for
ihi.n, but he CHin^not near them iiny more. U«
idso appointed Aiiiasa for the captain of his for-
ces, and Riive him the same high ollicc which^
Joiib before had ; and commanded hiin to gather
to;,-ether out of the tribc\of Juihih as (fmit an
army as' he could, and to tonic to lii.n within three
da\ i that he n.iKhtdeliverto him hi" entire .iriny,
a.iirmiyhtseniniim to fight B.!^inst[Sh'eba] the
son of Bichri. Now while- Aiiiasa was gone out.
nnd niade suUie delay in gallwrinp; the army to-
pether, and so was mil yet returmd, on the third
dav the kins «aid to Joab, "U is not lit we
not I c alj? to procure aome olhcrticast for the
'"'t'l clearly prefer Josephiis's readi^k here, when it '
M.uiinses eleven milms, l.trhidine Buiijalnlii, to Ire q«
llie o.ie side, and tl.otril>e of Judah iJonbon llie other;
since Bc«ian.iii in «e.ieral La.l,heoiv»till fonder gflji«:
house of faul, and less flrniloDnvid li'llierto lha»
nny of the rest, and so rsiiuol lie supiH.wd to l^e jnin*4
wiih J.idah iit lids time lonmke It douMe. eniwrlalljf
whenil.e I'ollowlii!; reliclliu.. was headed l.y a Uenjam-
itc; sec s^ct. 6, and 2 8an«. «»• 2. •!.
w
'
.>v
150
, ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEW.*.
■hoatij iiiakr any, delay in ihii affair ol Shcba,
\nt he K«t u numeruun army about liiiii, and bi-
tlio occHaion of greater iiiuchiur, and huft o«r al-
lairi iirurc Ihun did Aliialoin. liitiixif; do 'n«t
iliou, tluTeforc, wait iiiiy loiigrr, but take tuch
Ibrcraui IhoO'liaat ut liiind. and Ihut [old bodv]
of nix bunilred uiru, and thy brulhtr Abisliai
wj^h thui', and purituc after our.|-ncniy, and cn-
dtiBTor to fiiffit him wtforcaai-vcr tliuu ciinit
oyertwiui! Iitiii\ Make haitc to prevent lilni, le>t
he ieiza upon same lenicd cities, and tau<e u»
, great labor and pui^ia bel'iiAwu tale hiiii."
7. So Joab r«»)lv<'d to lliaVe no d« lay, but ta-
king uilh him his brvtlu/ itnd tlioi-o six hundred
iiieii, and giviiiK orders tIriH the rc-it of tJic army
which Wns at Jerusaliin. shnuld liillow him, he
marched with great nioc-il agiiiii^t Sheba; and
when he tvax coiiio lu (.libthn, which it ^ villa<re
larly furl6n<;4 distant from ./tru^Hhiu, Aniasii
brought a gic:it army wilh 'lt)iii,and iiiit Joab.
M ow Joab wa4 i^irdcd with a tiyiird ami his breast-
plate on; and whin Aniis:! r!iii|e near him to
salute him< ho took particular cnrc that his
sword ilionid fall out us it werc^ of its own ac
cord:
Nowusoonaslheuomanheanl what Joab said
she desired hiiii to intermit the sujfe for a lUtfc
while, fur thiit he should have the hcail of hi*
enemy thrown out to liiiii presently. So she w( nt
down to the ritijins, iwul aaid>» them. "Will
you be so wjckt-d us to iierish liiiserubly, with
jiuur ohildr«:ii and wivi-s, fur the wkc oj a vilr
'••low, un,d one whom nolHKly knows who he i« I
And will you have him for your king instead oi
Dnviil, «h(» luith been so greiil a bcuefai:tor to
you, and opposi; vourcily alone to such a might*
anil strong arniv . " So she pievniled wilh tlu ni,
lin.t th>y cut tJlVthe lietid of Shtba, ami thri w it
nito Joab's aiiiiy. When this was done, the king's
general soniidi^d a retreat, und raised the siege
and when he wu» ciinie lo Jerusalem, he was
pi;!iin appoinli'il to be general of all the iieopli
ihe kinit also constituted Ueiiaiah captain 61 the
giiardi and of the six humlred men. He also set
Adoniiii over the tribute, and Snliathcs and
Arhilaus over the reconls. He made Sheva the
scribe, and apjwinted Zadok aqil Abiatliar ihi
high priests.
CHAPXIL '
so he took it up from the ground, and {.
while lie approached AnmsiV, who wn* tlnn near t /'*'."' ''" fMreicsictrt dtlheretl/'roma Famine.
him, as though he would kiss him, lie took liolil "'lif'^H'cCiilironiUs liadmuieJ fiinuhmfM tii
of Ainasn't iieai-d with his other linud, mid he j ''« mfiitttd fur lliute nf thtm that haAhftn
sniote^ him in his belly when he did not foresee - 'lain; as aha Khat ftrtat jlctiom leitii ;;t.r-
formed aifitintUhe PjiUisliiuM by UaiiJ, uaU
the mcnof fatot about him. .
■\
ii, and slew him. This impious and altugcther
profane action. Joab did to a good young nmn
and his kinsman, and one that had dune liiui no
injury, and this out of Jealousv that. ho would
•obtain thi chief command of the arinv, unit be
in equal dignity with himself about 'the
and for the samo cause it was that ti'
Abner. Biit as to that former wicjl^d „
the death of his brother Asahel, wliich he^
ed to revenge, airorded him a <Jeci>nt prrtenrc,
and made that crime a pardonable onei but hi
.' this murderofAmasa there wail no sm h covering [ the senate liiiil invorn to them If" therefore
lor It. JVow when Joab had kilji .1 thii. general; I sajd God, the kin;- would periifitsucli veiream.'
lie piwued after Sheba, haviiij( bit a niiin with j lo be tiikeii for those that were slain, at the Cil-
, } 1. After this, wlien the country ivaa grcM-::
ly nlUicted with a fuuiine, Uavid besought Otid
to have merry oil the people, and to discover to
hiiii what WU.S tlie cause ot it, and how a remedy
miglit be luunil for that disleni|ier. Anil then the—
■prophets answered, that Ood would have the
(iibeonites avenged, whom Saul the kinij was so
wicked as to betray to slaughtir, andliad not
obaerveiljKe oath which Joshua the general and
^P
Vbishai Joab's brothel;," ■ But because thejiody sought, he sent for the (iibeonites, and asked
nv on the road, and all the nii^titude canrP\iiii- I them. VVIiut il^as they would have 7 and when
•hey desired toliave 8<!ven sons of Sauf deliver-
ed to thi'in.tobe punished, he dt^Iivered them
up, but ^-pared Alephiljoslietji, the son of Jona-
than. So when the (iibeonites had i^ceived the
m«'n. tliev punished thcni as thry ph/ascd; upon
wliioh (loci began lo send rain, and, to recover
the earth to bring forth its fruits as usual, antl
to free it from tlic foilc-toing drought, so that thk
country of (lie Hebrews dourished again. A- little
afterward the king made war against the Pliilis'-
tines; and when he had joined battle With them,
ami put them lollight,he wa» left alone as he
was in pursuit of them ; «nd wlicu hie was quite ,
tired down, he was seen by one of (he eUeiny]
his name ivan Aclimon, the son of'Araph:' M;'
was one of the sons of the giants. He hadfu
spear, tlie handle of which weighed three ittiu-
<lred shekels, and u breiutplate of' cliain ^*^]i
and a sword. He turned back,'a(id rail'.vlo;.
lently to slay [David] their enemies' king, for
he was quite tired out with lab»r; bat Abishai,
Joabs brother, appeared oii the 8uddei»; protect-
ed the_ king with Iiis »hieW„as he lay down, alid
slew the enemy. Kow tbeinu'llltuile frere vtery '
uneasy at these dangera i^f the' king, and that he,
was very near to be slaiA,: and the rulers made
hiin sw«ar that lie would no more go. nwt with
them to battle, lest he should come tp tomb great •
inisfortuiie by his courage and boldness, an^ ,
thereby deprive the people lof the benelits (hev '
niiig to it. and, as is usual wflkUb^nuiltituHe,
wondering a great wliile at it. lie ttin^guarued it
removed it thence, and carried it tS a certain
place that was very remote from the road, ami
there laid it and covered it with his gRrinent.
VVheii this was done', all the people folhiweii
Joab. Now as he iinrsued Sheba llirnugh all
the country of I.srael, one told him that hu was
in a strong city called Abel-beth-nuiachiih ; here-
upon Joab went thither, and set about it wilh his
army, an}l cast up a bank round it^ and ordered
his soldiers to undermine the walls and to (jver-
throw them; and since' the [leiijile in the city
did not admit him, he was greatly displeased at
(hem.
8. Now there was a woman of small account,
and yet both wia«' and intelligent, who seeing
her native city lying at the last extremity, as-
cended upon the wall, and by means of the armed
men called for Joab; and when he came near
her, the began to sayj that " God ordaineid kings
and generals of armies that they might cut oil'
the enemies of the Hebrews, and intnMluce a
universal pcac^ among them; but thou art en-
deavoring to overthrow and depopulate a me-
tropolis of the Israelites, which. hatn been guilty
of no oSence." But he replied, " God continue
in be merciful unto me: I am disposed to avoid
killing any one of the people, much less would I
destroy (ucb a city as this: and If (hey will de-
liver we up Sheba, the son of Bicliri, who hath
ibelled against the king, I will leave off the
s i f jB a nd wi t hdr a w th e army f r om th e [la c e.
>
/■',
tliercbv deprive the people lof the benelits (hey <
nowenjoyed by his means, and of those that thW ■■ /
might hereafter ienjov by his livimr a loijij time
aiiiuHg them. — ■ — tt-- — ■ ■ ,■" ' . ' ■ '%
t Whet
weire |;athi
nrfltanarii
HtUlte, ou
liehaved h
rnendatinn
'^cd tbiy \
^ atintcil t(i
(hereby wi
brews A
iHkr agaiit -
■i^tinst tK«
Mffglo vom
rinrs, and
Alany of tf
a little wll
lUrir vainj
'b-rtimrs of
bail a man
< J)) h of h
diiger thar
sun who w
|iit^ nk'niy «
1 tiizht (bii
anna, hen
battle, he f
rage there
be of ibe s
the I'hibs
' Israeliles. '
■ 3. An4 1
'dangers, ai
pea e, com
■ veral sorln
made wert
ters; he t
taught the
ihatcalleii
vnU. Noi
Was thus:
striiies. it '
, tery hail t
ujpou by Ml
large iiistr
<o Hinch »
• ibese iiisti
.wholly «m
4. jN ow.
were wen
tuttrioiis, t
were thirl;
relate the
to make ni
/or the»e w
tries, and
. fore, was-
. quently le
' ant) did uc
nine hundi
•This nei
tlut,.in (lie
Uan^VorPs
inesenl insf
tlin liittcr ei
Not docs Jo
of the Old
Cohsiitutiiir
any oilier 111
tlie OW T(
l>s<ibns. sec
^ Mowpver,*
i^ Antii;, n.'ii.
Stir.Kloit. ;
(.«»a»n«ier
viii'M^ct. 't'l
w.'is nil liexi
of Usiviil W(
IntlythHtll
; AiHiq. U. vl
bb^thoiizltf
I.AItatlieC
ehararl'era i
. ^ow, ,it .iii>
wi'.re prisiii
■"■^;
tVS'i
'».■■*■
A Wl«fti
of Inn'
ic went ;
" \Vil»;=
f, with'
i'u vile
> be i» '
lend' «r •
btor to
mighty
hrt;iv it
jkitiRV
I itiCKo '
lin was
[n.'0)tle, '
lul tbv
ilto ul
i'« ami
ya (he
lior ttu'
ammr,
%eM tu
irii fcf " ■
li, unU .
greM-i A
If God
jirer to
eniedy
icn thV^ ■
vc tli« ,
was so
id noil
ral and -
roforpi -
ftado ■
he Gl-
lat lie
I niul- .
rclbre,
:htJotl
aski'U
when '
cliver-
Iheni .
Jona-
id the ■■
upon
?covef-
I, ant)
atthfc ' '.
I litUe ,' .
I'liili.- (
them.' V'
as he; '-■/,
had'u : ■'
iWn. '
5. for, &
iishai-, -v'-'V-
Jtcctvf ''■■•'
I, ufld' « A
M he".,
made
with •',
•-■IC;'-
great •. '
anrf ,,,;■
■•h«r:^,'
the^ .' 7
time
/■(
' ,i When tfe k% b?«rt» ^at Vjii? I>MJii,tin«i
■ .-welre , lathtteif, ' l»>|;,if,th^r |«'"5 W 'f itv " J \mM, ' kt)
'■Hitlilte, out! (>t t)l|«'<tK« l)loit;<»nrAj|^nutviin|><nr
;;t>tb»vedr hioil4f 'M-'M' lo'i .UiM!e#«!".K];rACvt!^iJ|i».'
V^irtnd«t!mH ft)r,^^4«»*ii1ian;>v^/i(li»We.«(l«^b«jirr^
ijfed th<y WeW^ ibe J>(Ht'»T!|itr(>f^ jtje ({llaiilii,,«|iil
\«uii(ed tl^em»i'li'i-« liij{Wj oij.tlmt'^fcfl'jiijl.'timl
\th<Ti)hy mat/tjyt o«'»Maft'(if :yir:uit^'^ ^o)- the 'H«'.'
.jirewf. ",Afer"w>ii(;h4efe»ttv(>t«v>l^(itijti|?«\i!,iMt»(t«
: ia^ra(i;B>'>*v>:*<t'l'''wVii^ntliivLrl liHd,.iien^ i»a srirty
'ii^aioit tHi^, AVj^SiV, ;hi> in u
, >in|;lo C^WtfiMi ihV »to,mj;:.iK>l" nil it,*' I'hilis'
♦inev'iii* »lei)» ^iin, ^)i«! jiiM iliij Ifrtt irtillshu
fiUfij (ff tbeio ,al*(»-*e,rii »h«iB tntfie lij^li'tv Now
: u Ittlle Witite :nllli/,r' ihi*. the Ciitlitfiiiin fMtch«l
' ihiitiMttn %i,n ti\\y nhWS^iay, mil Wiutf tl^e
>bcuini«r» iif thlb (-•oiimiry: *>f tlje HWiWWj^JHi<y.
>iul iiman .wtHii w&i iiiit'(:i»t>|.t'i^ ttii,ltKtfmil ijiii
flMi^ of h(« feet tiiiv) li«ii(I« Olio fklWU>f' |tnn
^iig'er thitn men natMrtWy. Wave. Nni^ the per-
'wm who wa> (eula^Mu^t. hint liy ]Ti)Vtfj| aUI of
.hi* ni'my wa<< Juiintltinij tlie i»on nf Sliiir^ea, whp
', I'liiglit thi»'irt»ii in a «ii)({t« (■otii1>»'i nild uliiv liijji;
anAi'he ^ia* the piirjdn who gave thfc ,tijrii lo.lliu
buttJi^, hfb^iiined th« |;re]<te«t reputation iVr i-mik
'.iiige thereiir. This malt iiw vauufcid liti>ii«<c)r In
- be of the s<in» oi ttle S>i>ut«. tiiit lifter tir^iifii^t
the I'hSti>llf,pc« tmiii »'ar^n6 more U)ta/(^*i' tfhe
■ hraelilf a. " ■» , ■ . V.': -, . ''' '
' 3. An4 i)<>w DttvSdj beitijtftvetl froirf wnlii nnd
'dangcn. and enjoy ibg lor tlte fttUirer n (irofouitd
pea e, coniiiosed >onf;ii and liyinns to (Sod i>f t.e-
veral aorl* of metre;* nonie of lllo»e wliiijl he
mode were tTiiiieteni, and tcttnis were p«Mitanir«
trrs; he nlM> iiittde in9truni<!nt« of intMiuTt nnd
' laiight the Levitr* tounj; hyni,ns to Gw\, lioth 4;a
that calieii the.Habb'fttb day, niid oRihe otlier I'eMi-.
yhU. JVow the: conatruetioli oT the hnrtrunieiita
VtiiK thu4: The viol wut nii iii»triimeiii ot ttli
r<tri|ies. it wnn pinyed iijio'n with (i Ixjw; Ihepswl-
terv niiii twejvc umsical liotej», ami was (il.iToil
upon by tliefinRert^ thcryl(nU«|ftW«re,brott<l iiml
inrpe iiintrMnieiils.und flete made of liras". And
so Hiueh shad iilftVe io^bf $pokcn by unutiunt
these iiistruu'icntSi that the reaUenWiy "ot be
.wholly unacquuhiled wi()i (tieir liiUnre.
4. jVow. all the.nieu tiiiit were 'abeiit l>avid,
were men oif Coura|[«. /Whoiic that were niosl il,
luitrioiis «nd„lamoU!i M them for their' iiclimi*
were tlii'rty-iifrlil ; of'flvo of whoni I will mdjf
relate the perl'onnaii<;f.s. for these will siirtice
to uiake manifest the virtue«.of theothers »Uo;
/or theje were paWerftal ciiou;;h to siiliHiic ooun-
trici, Bnd.<:«^piin<.r'pr«at Wiiiins. Fii'si, ibere-
fore, was- Jeisai, the son of Achiniaan, wlio iVi--
. <|uenfly lca{»eil upon 'the troojw of -the i(u-»iij ,;
':ind did not leave olf tigJitiiig tiH hi^ (rt«)rtlii<\v
nine hundred of them. After liini wiis Kleaxnr
* This sertion is a very rrfnnrk.ihle ffw, nnif sliuws
tbalijn llieoapiiiion 01* Josi/phUSi llnviil rnin|iw>oit the
liow of l^lina. not nt several tinies dctme, n'H Ilii'ir
)iresenl inseTlptloiis frtiiiioiitly iii>|ily, l<iit sciiprnllv !i(
tti« liitler end ot' his life, of AOcrhiHwurs were over.
Nllr docs Josepiiifllltor tl^e uuiliirrs V»f llin known J'U<ik!*
of llie Uld i-nd Kew Testinnfi^l. nor tin* Aposluliral
Consiitutiiins, ^mto linve iisrrilicd iiiir of llicin to
any n'lier iiuthoir ihiin (o David hintficlf. 'ei.e Kiwiy on
' riie OW Tcitl. Ill 174, 175. Of tlicse 'miitrei) of Ilin
l>Kiilinil. sec the note on Antk|, B. it. ctiap. xri. sert, 4.
Mowever,, We niiut blisuMre here, that «* Joscplius unysr
i^Anriij, B.'li.chnp. «v1.»eri.«, that the sons «i(Iie Red-
Sell, Eioil. XV I— i!l, wns comiiosed lijf M<i»i« in Hie
i.exaineier tune or metre, as also Antiij. B. tV. eliaii.
viiiosei-.t. 44, tjiiit tliefoimof Mo>e«, Drul. xixii. I— I'.l
w.isanheianietpr pocni.iioiluciihnsiiy.tliiiitlersiiliiis
of D:ivid wrrc of various kinds of iDetre.anit |utr1h-ii-
Inrly that lliey roiiliiincil ttimclrts. and |iciit;inic!f»»,
' Ailtiq. B. vii.rliap. xii. seit. ;', all whirti hniilii>«, tlinl
bttlioiislif these llehrew |ibeius niiiht tm liest descri-
ted to the Griiekri and Hoinans, under those names niul
ehararl'urs of Mexainctcrs,'i'riinetert,and I'entanielpri.
Now, it . appears thnt'tjie inslriiments of jttusic thni
uirc^riiiujllv iis<Nfl'yt'< i^ninin in|) of kin.: Tliviil,
;.'i- ' 1'' ■ '■'-..■ -.;'■'' " ,-„ii -•.■ 'ii;. ;,.i'">;'.'' ':-•'■■■■.'■ .„
th* iOH ^if'4ytt\ttjv.Wti(^,«»«|.Kiri^^riie'Wna^,t',Afi«'' ' ..'
siinK,-, *('(ii»,;;,uj8,it, ,ivhf.||, |(^i-eihe;'lJ(W^hii(?s>-weni-; ' «
«ii*ljer,«,ri)tafctirii(i;|i;i^HffttVfWuUitMdirii»^>lijj'.l>hv.'- •
li»tilWc»v|»W«|tr«vrrtityiiilB»f l<«k'iiy.i,)(lUot''»liMi(','i«n'iV''
(WlUpon Ihfe'.irtJctn*', aiiil, s'|IV,w.lii»iiv riffilltiii, tWl ,
h'is.«»li<Jt»l.Chiiii5 */fW,lMit<i;l»y''tb«;'M»ii*if (h»v 'had- '► ',
•IrodJ'-imiMlitf l(»t?l»Va«'|jt^(,^W'W't(t;'tli|<!„l!fl"tUW;,-V-
t'UlesTW.i'w' by'''l^iij'iii«t>B«v"i;Ji«l* i|i4y4i.ftiii«t"tlie, ;,:
lumuutaillii will i)>'rtriMiM'lth»'illiati<l''^>M^iriJi;'Wiiij»-
won, B"»i(f'ptj"iiins,";*»|id",;B ijuitttVii'^riMw** •4W»i -'
Wea»»t '*b'W'thV (t»(i„Wd:t:li«'','limHij«tlli-i fSJItswci; :
+d, i^nd »iK,i,ilted ,thr,i|rfU'<»rt [ti^\tt'h\, I'h*, ilhri'l^Wa!. ' '
Sheba, fHe ^ii^^'uf. IjJiVs; ^INiiWi VI)i*4«ji»,.'Wlin:n,' '■
iwihe i«»rit;igi4i»»,tiJ«!;;;|Mii;i<(iu»*, ilitr j.iiiUi'd
thjf^r f.aTOj»^^i|il^|(':e.c»ll«!4 J;et»k>i»il,nbtil th«i'
lubrn'W" #irrefl|fniil»«tVlii(l hf llji'ir em i>l}"i iiiv)l
diitnbl sl^y, lie Mivoi^ nlilliitivine, avli'ii »iriiivi/>iiHJ.',
,it,htic|y pt' iiicii, ii^t wkHie <!f t|it>i|ii' 'lie ,i)v«r>lirewi.' ^
|i||d stjine, wl?o wire itwi titllvi'rvi.^iMiMBJVstri'pjftW ' ' '
ItiKt'firn-is'lfit-pursmMi. ■ , '|'herii'/,(i|ri*|(tte!i!«v,oi:kl 't>f".
(lie hfttids, mid 0/ fiK|(ili(ij;,<iVhI<*|*,»jiesc three; ■
(wrforuied. '^Now ^t t]iefii(i<i Wlivii l)^e kins *M 1 '
unrr nt Jcrut^lenif'unU ^lr»; >t'r»iiy i>f tlie I'liiiini '
lines cauie ii^iuii liiiu ifi <i;;hl lui!i, Vnt\(i t^xiit uii ;
loi thp tup oIlluT L-itHlcl, W Wt: hlitVulriiauy ijiidv
to inquire of <!od €»Mi't niiiir til* liaUle,, ;4lbiW ,
the <'mniy'ii rHnmliiy. lil1««u>'i;ilUy tliiit i\xt<'l«((p( /»
to the city HethkliiWi, tvhicli j* twiiity fuflott)^' '
distant from Jeriisiilem. i>Iovv Uitvld »aii( tu f«>
ronipaiiiofu, " We hin-o exeiHiiit Walei' in iiiy
fiMrn city;, £s|M!cia)ly thetwhicb i< iu Ihe pit nraV
tjie gatet" wondcri'ne if aity o|ie w(»uld Unn^ iiini
tome of it to drink : out he liaidi lUat " Ue WuUld
rather have it than a great deaJUfindiWy."
When thene thre«' mPH liearif wliit In mi 1. they
mn away imluvtiiHtcly', anJ'bnisl through the 1
itiidtit of their eijcmy's~'ctiAip, and i mile tit liith-
teliciii ; And wWu Ifity .hud drawn tlit. watir,
tliey retutncd ng;uin th.rLii|i;li tlti oirnu s ramp
to the kiji;:, iiisiiiliiirh Ih^t the riidfdiKS it* re
•u siirpriiicil HI tl,i<ir'boliiiiixi aid «) n utt. that
tljey were )|iiiet, and did /nothui^ •i(;niisl ihint,
as if aihey ,idespitcd their ininlJ iiaiiibrr. |luf*
wlien the naler was Imiu^'it to ihw kmi;. he
tVoiild.nut dt'iiili; it, Dayin;;, til >( ' il v\e
by t{ie (laii;;er anil- the Idond »l in 11, nii
WHD not pViipir on that «eci mkl lo iliinl,'!
Ii« poiiirwl it out to (ind. Mid j^att hiiiii'
tiic .tuiviitian 'uf the HMiM. i\t\t to tn
Abi)>li|>ii J"lab's bmth'er^ fur hL lu uiii. diiv sitw
fix. Iinadrrdi Tlic fiflh iit thr'-e h 14 llinmh, -.
by liiii:i);i;u priif>ti l'i'ir;tieiiigclialli n„id by ^tno]
eminent lutn in lhf„rnuntr« of Ab ub, hi o\<r-
cniue them he his vshir. Uortovtr, tin re ivw
H mail, by n^itiiiii an K<^tptian, n'm wns ofn vA<t
bulk, unt)ehiilh'ii;^'d liiiii; \< t dhl hi, whence
was un('<>riited, kill him Kith liit uvui 'in <r,iuhil^/
he tMi'it ul him; for hecaufcrit luin lit 1 nee, u)k|
tuuk iiuiiy bus wtiapuni, wliib li> Ml^l]ltt alnd
tivityrrf llwlnn Irihr^ were tirou.'l I tiiirk aflrr tttal
j rnplivii.v: as.ilKn, that the'sinL'ers mil niiKiri ins, wiio \
uiitlirAd liiaKaptivity, cnine Inik nilli flmif' laitru ^
I inelits."l-;/.rnlt,4l; vil. S4; .Sell, vii K \niii| (1 ti ift.
{ iii. si^r. M, aiid I'l a|i. iv. iict't. ii did Hi '< Ihi miiiMrand
I Ilii:..<eiiliHlriiiiieiil.< ilk thr tcnifili ruiilil iiol I lit he wi 11
i kiiu'.vn to Jii.ippliui', a |lri(^l<rlon'hi_' III I'l I temple,
I wiHinrri>rdini.'lv sives us a aUorl ileM ri ilioii of llirvi
[of the instrumeiiis, .'\nlii). B viK ih mi xcrl, 1, anil,,
fives IIS adistiiirl arrouitt.that sn li Itf ilnis ind hjiiiiH
were suiiK in his days ;>tthntlein|ih . \n(ii| V ix rh
i.T, sect, fi: so that JoSephus's nu(lii>rit> ;« I ci oiid c>rt.|i- „
Mian in tlii'seniiiHerH. Nor run .hm Iniuihi'isnt ihi
! moderns, thill iM'S not njrecBit'i Ini-iiniss c^iarai.* >,
i tersi U- justly silp|ios<d tne trai iiii in ul the niii H u
Ilelirnws,iiuriniU'i'dh<l{ii'rc. I lliiiik, tTi> n,hi ruiij^iiul
mitlioMly now i;xtant, hereto ri-l iliii ' toheop lOMJl la
|[)eiti'lp<4liiiioiii(*s'tH*rnrp in, 'II iit II e anri<ntniiisirof
the tlcl)rew,s was Teryeoiiiiiliien'sd, ntid lid in its
jffrent varii-ty of tunes, its pyiil^nt l\ Hip liiiniter of
fh^ir niusirnl instrnnienf.-i, uiid 1 y the ie>.tinniiiv 01 an
utherinost autlitntir witni-si' .Icsiisthcaovol ftirarb
Krplits. i. IR, who iKiysj 'hat III till 'Pinplp,in hn ln-». ,
''■Ttie slnsprssanH j)raisc•^yi^h tl 1 ir voire- with .ri ,t
\Triitj oftomilsHJ^-ll'iieii a<lp»«iPl me'9<ly
r ..(■:
'd>:'
^^Am
,(f
■*.
108
AJ^'iciUlTlKS OF •niV. JEWS.
l(^tJDK> ^1*1 ;rKW him wilb liU own w<)alJoui>.
0"i' Illicit"') •••'<' Ih'' t" (ho rumiuiiiioiii'O »C'
li lilt III tliu K.iiiie tiisiii, cither im thi>. princi|Hil~or
• theiniimlncrity,orii»i'«itnibliiwtln' rtit. Whin
liii'il (rnta ■nJw', thtrc woi a iiou who ulipiii'U
iiiiil Til) iiito 11 rvrtitiit |H() qiitl btcaiiac lh« |iit'«
iiiuulh wiia iiuVl'nw, it wni t'viilviit he would fi<>
lUh. tSvlfig mcloeil with the mnw: >o whin lif
»uiv uu wuy to get out unit anvo himaidf, liu ru>r-
ril, Wlirii Urn^iiah liruriltlic tvilii htiiot, ht:
wrnt townja him, iiikI cuniiilK nt Ihi; iiiiiao !^k
iiiiiifc, he iv'riit iltiwn into llit luoiith ol' the nity
iiiui Fiitutc liiiJt, as hn >itrii|;Kl< >'• "itli a «tiiki! Iliiil
li V tlirn , uiiil iiiliiii'iiialih vliw hmi. Theothic
• tliiily-tiiri'O utir liiditheac in viilur aN»4,
7'Afflf nhfn iynrid haitniimberril 'llie^nijite.thcy
ii-irt fjnyubtd; and how Ilit IHiint L'uilipus-
iimireilrninedlhatpiiniiiiuiiul.
„^ jl.'Kow ki.iig buviit will' ell i.iriiii.Hl* know
■ liow iiifiiiy ttii Ihuiisaiulii tliiri' Wi ii' of th^ j«o-
pli-^ iiiiil forgot this luiiiniamSs iif Miisri',* ivho
toUl them bi'IViViihnnii. ihiit if tlii' niuUitmli- ivrre
iiiniihrVeil.'Kir^ ahoulil najshalf ii »htl>i'l lo tloil
for t\i-ty h«ail. Arcorilingly tin- kinjt roHMiiiihil-
• il Joiib, thfc i-ii|)tain of his liniiKto n" ""'' '"""-
' liir llie wholv iiiiiltitiiili'; but wm^i^lii! '';ii I tlitre
II U4 no n<:C(-^!>itr iurauch n nuiiif i ii>i<>ii> in' iviiii
not |iciKUBdi'(l [tu couutirmanil it,] liiit li<! i ii-
, Jbiiwd him to miike no dclny, but to );« ii>)oiit thu
\ litunberin'' of tho HrbrcwB. iiiiiiiiiiiiitiK." ,So
hii ihoiri-, ami liail Oi-urml hiiu to •n>l»er •
■(uiukly, thiit h«.iiii|;lit tlrrUrti what hehari chtt-
>t:D lo'iioti, tlm king rrat'.tncd with hiiiiiclf, ihwl '
Jn cu»ti hv'.ahouM aili for fuiniu*;, hu would ■{>•
iW'iir iKiio it for oth«*», and ' without ilangWIb ^:
Jiiniailf, niiiui be hilil b^'Ut tl«al ofi'i.ru liiiftU'
I'd ii]i. lii.it to ihi! harm of oJhi-ca; tlii^t in <'«)e
hu choiild rhooMi to be oyrrcpmc [by hia fiw-' V
iiii(-|i] for thri'ii nionlhi), he' would aiiptar (o have
c-lio»«n »-iir, hrciiiiat' h« had valiaut nun about
him, and Htroiiji; luUiia, nod that, ihtreforn, lie,
fiiin-d no'thinir riiiri'frnui: to he choae that nt i,
illi'tioii wlm-n i* coiiiiiioii to kinf(i and to their
•libji'Cl", and ill whirh tlir ftar wiii /i]ilBl ^on all
»id€.«; mill Kiiid tbia bifurchand,' that "it was
jnuch bilKr to fall info the bauds o( GmI than
fntftlli^'ii! iif hia iiKiiiica."
'4. Ayhiii the prO)ilir( had bcdrd thi% h« dev
clurisl it to tiod 1 who lhrrcu|x>n |inittt|ieMilenie
nnd n niorliilily uji^intbn licbrcwii; nortlid thr^y ^
die aftvr one.<in(Plhc 'same inaniiui*, nur ao iniil ■"■:
il wiy-iMtaj'Tirirnow what the (li»tnniiir waj.
\o;W; till' iuii.iTalili; di»ea«« wua 6|u: itiar«.'d„bul ,
it OTirriiid them oil' by ten thou»»nil,<:nu>ii-a aiid
occasiona, whirh tli<)«l' that were ufilii'lcd loulil
^ot umloratand ; fur one died iiptiii tin: iiii-kof
annthi r, ttiid itie terrible maliidy MiKid thiiii ^
before thiy w«re iin-Hie, end li,-.ni;;lit tliciii t./. ,.
their end Vuililt nil i »ijine Ki^mJV up lb' p;hoft
iiumcdiatily willi'very ^'.nut piiiii" ami liilter
grief, nud Home were wom away by tliiir dii-
tempera, and had nothing i eiiiuiiiing to be buried,
but aa aoon aa evi^thty fell, were entirely ma-
Jiiab toolTwilh him the luada of tlie tri);i«, oilii^ Ceriilcd; aouic were i:hoked,^aiiil gnallyj lument'
the gefibes, and went over the ciiniur} of ihi- Is- '■'■=--■- •■ ' i ..v ......i,. ._ i
. •>
■,••■
i
; "
. ' ,"!?,'»
m r
^'' ■■■•'
^ A-
'■ -•-.-'
vi\ Ihi irriiae, U.I bianjt nl.'O atricken with u lud-
ilin <lyrkne>»; aoine. there were, who, l\f they
were
out liiii'liiiiglhe
perisl'.eil of thii'disi'UM', wliieh began with the
niitririii;; aiid^lasted till the hoiir of dinner, ae-'
vi'uly llioni^und. Any, the angel atri tidied out
hi» liiiud over Jcrnaidenii IIS keiuljiig tbi* terrible
■re tiuryijig Birelation, fill down deiid,T with- . . ^
t lini'liiiiglh^rilea of the funeral. A'ow there a
M>.'r.<.l fil' tlitd ~.»ltdift.a.t u-lii.'li 'It.iiraii (Vlill ih.t ' ^^
"J''
riielitea, and took notice how niimrroii'* llir iiiuN
tilude w.ci;e, and relurned to j|i rii>uli in t.r the
kiii;!^, after nine iiioiithn iind twi'iiiy diiyn; inid be
ipive in to tSe Aiiig tlie immber of t!ie pniple,
without the tribr of lieiijaiiiiii, fur lie Iiud not
^'I't iiuiiibi retl that tribe, no mure than t'l'* tribi'
«f Levi; /or the kiiit repented uf hJ!< hiiviiig sill- . ,.
ned itgain^it (ioifr TVow '.he nuinlier of (lie i-t.-t j jmlgiuent. upon it. Hut Uavid had pul on sack-
of the laraelilea wia nine hundred lli..ii:.aiidj eluth, iiiiil lay iijion the gsound, enlriatiiig (i<iiJ.
iiien, who were able to b( ar anirt anil go to war; and bigijingthet tliediatemper might now eiiiir,
liut the trilie of 'Judah, by itael/, was four l;un- r.nd that lie wouhl be mlislied withtltose tli;.t ,
tired tbotisand iiien. | had alnaily peri«hed. A'mi when the kiiiX-'Ipo:; "
2. Now when" the propheta had >igiiihiil lu | ed up Into tbi' air, and aaw the unijel c^rrlei^
Davjd that Ciod waa uiigry at him, he ii<i:an ii 'along therchr unto Jeruaaleni,_with Ida MVor<l
intreat him,, and to desire he wuiild be niiniinli ((ruwii, he fturd to God, that "lie might jnstly be -
. ^
•>:r ■
tu him, and forgive hii !iin. Lint God m nt
than tlu^ pniphol to liim. t.^ propi'^i,; to liiiii i'i<
eleetion of three tJiingaT that hi? ini^ia ihoo...
wliirh hi- likid best. " Wlii'llicf In n'.ii|<l h:i\.
a funiini' conif upon the eouiitry for ^ivi ri vrai-.'
ur ivould have a war, uud Uv .siibtltfi'd tiii'i i-
iiiontlia by hia elieiiiiea ? or wlidlnr t,!iiil >h'>ii.|J
Hcnd a jM.'StileiMe and a liiKtruipcr upon thr ili -
brewa fur Ihreil (lays'?"' Hut a.« lu' wa.: I'i.lfi n lu
H filtal choice of great iiiiserii-.s, he was in Tr lU-
ble,^ nnd ^arely I'lnfouii'led; and when the pm-
phet had aaid that he miist iif iucesaity inaki '
piiiiisltifd, w'ho waa their nhepherd, but ihut. tli>;^_ ,
4i<''ep ought to be preaerved, as liot having suS^
III ((.at all; and he inijdorcd God that'he woiild
St ml IiIh wrath u|ion him, and upon all his famii
i\, liiil spare the people." * '
1. Whin God helird hia supplication, he canae'd
I he ptstileiiee to cease; and sent Glut thei pi'o-
jOirt to bini, and roinmanded him to go up jiii-
mt'diately tu the' threahing-ifoor of Araunali^tli':
Jibiisite,' and build an iiltar there to jU'o'i, and
ollVr karrjicsJij^ When.Oavid heard tmit, br did
not niglect IiJs^luty; but iiiudo baatu to the
If ■.
|1- . "
f :
-■sV-
^
• Tlje woriteofCoil liy Moaefl, Rxoil. xx.v. !■,', !t»Hi-
tieittly juaitfy tlie rcafbn Iiitc siveii liy JUi-i'i'l us lor
tl\f great |ilap# nieiilioaeil iii lliia I'ljaplur; '■W'liin
tlioii takes! titeaiiiiiot'ttier.litIilri.'n ul' Israel. aOerllreii
iiuml'er, then shall llii-y uivcwiTynian a niiisoiii lor
Ilia mill iinlotlie I.iiril, \jhen !l"iu iiiiinliresi thiin,
f tliiit tt.i;V(! 1)1' nopla<;ue aiiiinust O.ciiiwhi'iiinoii iiiiiii-
fcecsttlieni." Norinileeil roiilil Ilaviil'snr llieS:iiihe'
driinV iH.j!lcel or e.vciutiiii: this law at iIiIa iiMnicratiini
exrusetheiieojile.whoou^l.tatillto laivchin>i'.!litthrir
, l>ounUcii olilation of liolf a shekel a piiM-e willi thiui, ' iwMjritous to rfaliain tliiir kinixs ftiiil aeveriioH fr'Afi
when lliey rivnictfflie num'icnil. The jircat reaaoii , hrCakinis the I.uinan lawa of tlieir several ^in^^Bl^.
whv nntioiianreaoi rA'nataniivpaiiiafuil hy aiiif with hut without the like riirn for n'lHriiiiini; tlicni'lValln
tbeir wirkcil kiiipa and (•iivcrinr- iailiia. ihai llicyal- hreukinj the hiwa of Cod. "Wliclhcr it le right iu
liiosj ronatiinlly ronijily will', iheia in ihcir iieilci-I of, the aljlit of nod, 10 Jicirken unto iiicii wore than unto
^ordimlMiUienruiotl'e divine luws, mid aiiller ihoaeili- tSOil, Juilsc ye," .\rta iv. I'J: "Wo ought to olty fioU
vine lawi to ?o into i!laii«eorroiiienipf. In orilcr to rather than men," ver.!>!l. BT
yieaw Ihosewirkeil '^iuranml governors: iinitlhni IliPy tWliPi'i-i..1n«n|ihiis imilr tlin«f hi«i1lilfini.tiiii<t piplim
yecjiiinir to ine llie hrincipal rhnfarter of idolatrous or
aiili-rhrislian iialinna. .%rrordini>ly, Joscpliiis well
olwrves, Aiiliq. li. iv. rh. fiii. aerl. IT, that it waa the
ilaly oftl f |iro|tli-flf larnel to takeCa|»ihai their kin;a,
when (lily slioniil have them, did aolesceeil Ihi ir |ire
IM'r linii*s of iiovvi'r, Tind. provo unqoyernahle hy Iho
laws of «!uil, wliieh would rertnihiy lic*a ftiita? iierm
rioiis iliiiii; totlii'lr Pivine acltlenient, .N'orilJ J Ihink
that, nealijieiire iicruliiir to tho Jcwii; those iiiUioin
whii'h ore railed Cliriatlaim ore aoinciiiiiea iiideeil very
ime!
lift n
■nhmil loseveral wi^ krd poiili'al law»::nilcoiiiinaiiil» I rjiol'y iirroiiiil ■ of the particular ayni|itonis, niiA moat
of tllO^l. kill' S llllll •■ill.nrnnru. l|.^t,<;ill llT flto riiill1(>niiv 1 iiii^ii^.^l.lri n>ji,t\Q.lD nf .lyi.in.iti tllln tA.*vai..t |^L!,niin..M
law Hill r.od nhi I il ni nknuloi ht i veriooH \ let i |\i i i iinot now'till out other copio oOordiug IM DC
Ibeir hiiisH and **flvi "ii it's i. ly i\ h if tliev pl^ im to I r I ',ur'i in (.ouni%
cumruty thin )) cl..ri.i cc VI I uiii nhuure 11 vim lawa
•^ _ A _ __ ._ _ _ _ _•■___
-.♦.s'
\i
1 ,«
'<%
*•
> antwrr •
lia'i chu-
iaisir,l>Mi
vouldap-
■II Illic-
it ill <'Hie
h'la rM- ^
it (a have
in aboui
•eforii, lie
• timt of' :,
J to their '
lul on hII
"it WHS .
UmI than
ily he (lr>
lii'itileme
riliilth^V ,
jr 90 in«i ;
)|i(.r >VB3.
aii«i-> mill
It'll I'ouiil
l; IKCk lif
i/i^il thilii .
them X:>'. ,.
llii ^llllfl
mil iiilter
tliiir clit-
1)1' buried,
lively nia-
ly luiiient-
ith u lull-
, (IS they
iid.T witti-
\uiv thcru
with the
liiiiier, ar-'
(itiii'it out
i» terrible
I (iji sacU-
itiiig {ioil.
luW ll'lilr,
llKr>e tlu.l.
kiiix.' lou!.: f
^^c^rrlt■^i
liit MvonI
justly he -
it lliut. tli.:_ ,
aviiisr suil^
he WDiilir
1 his I'aiiiil
he caiinetl .
I thei (iiii-
fO U|> jlll-
lunali^tlx'
jUu't, au.l
rait, lie lii'.l
itu ii) til.-.
- .. Vi
loliifroiinor
^pliUH well V
it »a«llic
their kin<ri!,
II till ir |irii
il'lc hy Ih.:
iiiiiit tierm i
ilj J tliiiil. «
we iiiilioiis
itileeil very
riioH iVfti'i
^inirfonl^.
tliCllli^Olin
I (• riglit in
!.tliiinuiiti>
olcy (ibil
iiid melnii-
BOOK- Vll.-Clf AP. XIV
ISO
y
ULMI
mm I
■f^iive hiui both the threiih-
ieil, llfat;'he fceelJ-r,--- 7 - : ,
p-floor, b'ikI Ih/ ni()ug;hi), anil the oxen fora
iriit-oll'eriilg; aiKlKc '
nlwe appointed him. Now Araiinah wnf ||J>tf »h-
ing wheat; anil wh<n he auw the kiiie and all
hii lervantii coming to hini, he ran biT.>re, a'iid
< eanie to hii;i, and H'ornhi|iped hiiii.; he wua Uv
^ hii ^incage a ^cbutlte, but a p»rliciilnr iViendpl
David; and I'oF (hat cauie it wiin, tlial wb^n he
•ivcrthrcw the city he did him nu j^uriiit at we
'inforimd the reader a little before. NowAruu-
niih in<|uired, ''Wherefore i»iiiv lord rortlei to
Ilia xi'rvant'f" lie nnawereil, " IV buy Ctf him
till- threthJiiK-lloor, that ho mi)rhl therein build
an altar to OikI. and otlir a tafrifu'e." Il
jilied
'"(»■
liurut-oll'uriilg; aiiit Ite li«iou);ht (iod |;raciuui|y
lua.i'i:i'|itil>i<«'>'^ri|ice.\" liut the king inq^e uii-°
jtrer, ll'iit III" tiiiilt hi» gencroitity and inagnnnim"
ity kiiiflli , i.iiil urrepled' hii \^um\ «ill, but he de-
fii'iii liini t(i tnke the price of Iheiii all, l^'r il
wrii nut jii^t Ici iilli'r u giicrilire that ro.4t nulhing.
And ivlicii Arnuniih laiil, he ivniild. do as hi:
pieast'U, III- t)oii;,'ht lilt lhre»hiii[t-iloor of him. K'ur
liflynlU'kcli. And when he had liuilt an nittir,'
lie prmiriiii'il divine le/ricei and bruuftltt a burnt-
offcrintr, vml o lit red pipce-ofleringii al»o; With
llieiie Coil u'u" |)aiifi<'d, and hcRnuic grariouK to
them u;;iiiii. Now il happened, that Abraham
raniv ami inl'Tid liis unii Imihi' for n buriil-otlVr-
inii 111 thiit 1 vKy | ilare ;<'(bii<l ivhen the yijuth was
triiily ',<■> liav U'xt tliriott Cut, ttraiii ninieareil on-
a sudiU'ii, '>liiM(iiii;r liv llicr altar, which Abraliam
•acriliretl in llie Klvad of his »un, aa we haVo be-
fore rehtnl. Aiiw when kine David anwiliitt
God hiid heiird hii prayer, and had grnciiiUHlr
acceptiil of his nityiHcea, . he reaolvetl to call
that entire iilurcilK'.nllar of all the people, and
to build a tcniple'to Ctod there. Wnich-worda
he uttiTiil very appoaitely.to wl|»,t waa to be
done afunvnrd; for God atnt.th* prophet lo
him, and tnhl him, Ihiif lhere';Ahould hinaon build
hiai an altaa, that i^n who wa> to take the king-
doni lifter him. >. ;
, ■■" CHAP. X^V.
That Ddrid tnatl( ftremffSttparaliont fur ike
HonttfjftUoii; and Ihatilfiort, Adomjuh's At-
ttmpt ij^gdt tht huigdom, he appoiuted Holo-
mon f^rel^^: r''.,„ ■ ■.
} 1. After th'JlFdelivery of ihls prophecy, the
king cnnimnnded thejMiigcr/ to be iiiiinberi'd;
aanPtliey were (oami iii be one hundred and
eighty thousand: of theae he appointed four-
acore thousand to be WMm* of^trtne, and the
rest of the iimltitude ti^nry t!!i' atones, iind oi_
tlieni he act Over >,tho workinei^thiec thousam
and five hundred. Hi? also iBipared a grea
* bnantity of iron and brasa fur'' the work, wit
'jiWany (and thoae ^xpeeding larf^fj^oredar treea
the Tyriant and SidoniaiH •eoHini;tli<'>>i to hiiiii
for he had sent to. them for a s7ipply of those
' trees. And he toid his friend; tli/il these things
'were now prepared, that he ii»i>r!it leave mate-
rials ready fur the buildincof the teiiiiilo to his
,,;»')i:. who »vaa to reign after, him, and that he,
. ' might nut. have theiu to seek then, when he was
very y<iiiag, and by reason of his .age, unskilful
in such nuttei!*, but tnight have tneni lying by
him, and so luight the more readily complete ttie
R work,
^k ?■• "^° Oavid railed hi.'t >on Solomon, and char-
^gJfi'Kiftt", wlii'ii hi- had receivfd the kingdom, to
lijiulH a ii'inpleto (iiid; unrl said, "1 WHawitling
. t'ibuilil Ciodn tiMiipli' inyself, but he prohibited
iiip, bccaU'iC 1 was polluted with blood and wars:
. / * Wlinl JnrenhU' adds lierc ia very remarkahle, that
V (hia lilQiint Mnriall was not only the very plarewtiere
niitl nioiit
pestilence,
liu; 111 DO
.MiralifliiioiRreil upliinuc lun^ iiito, liul iliat.lJud liad
fuTetnld 10 Uiwid by a iirnpliet, that liore liia son aiiouU
build liiniatmiple, wliirli ii not directly in any of our
other cophi, tbougli trcry apceablc to what ii in thrm.
but hn hath foretold, that ^lomon, my ynuiigcjil
ton, thould build him ■ temple, and ahouid he call-
ed by that name;over whom ha hath prumiied tu ,
take the like care, at a father takes over hit ton r
anil thai he would make the country of the He-
brews haupy under "^iiiniijllad that, not only lit
Sther ri'»|^'cls, but by girBlg it pi'ace and frer- ■
iim 'froiil wars, and from internal tcditiona,
which are^he );rea(est of all bUsiingt, SiH):e,
therefore, l«ayv> he,) ..tKoli waat ordained by God
liimtt'lfbytori' thou wusi born, endeavor to ren-
der thja'clf Worthy of Itiis Ilia providenci^, at in
other inktnncea, so particnlurly in being crli-
gioiit, and righteiiua, and rourageoui. Keep
thou alsujiia command', nn I hia lawi, <f hn h lie
hath giveii ua by Muses, and dp not permit others
til break them, lie zi hIous also to deniialo tu
(iod ajeinple, which li< hath dioseit to be built
under t!iy ri-igit; nor be thou nlVri|!:hted by the
vattnesa of tin: work,nitr set aboiil it timoiously,
for 1 will-miUie all thia).'4 ready 'Ixiorc I oie. and
lake notice, that thiTe.fe nhradj' ten tlionnml
lali<iitt of golil, and a huii'lrid tliouaand tulenta
ortllver, Colbcled liJ)rilhir.t I have also laid
together brass and iron witlmiit nninber, and *n
jmmtnae (piaiiliiy of liiubi'r iiikI of atonet. MorC'- >
over, thou fitist inaitV ti i| llioiisaa ! atiinr cutler*
and rar^ieiilei's ; and tf tliuii •vhiilt want any thing
farther, do thou add somi what of thine own.
Wherefore, iilllipit peiforniist iSiia work, Ibou
wilt be acoepiable !■> God, and have him foi
Ihv patron." I)u\id alsofailhi r) eihorli d the
rulers of the people (o ntaial hia aon m this
buildin^r, and to attend to the divine sertiie,
whenttiey should lie free Iron) all their inisfur-
tones, for that liny h^ Ihia means shpuM enjoy, '
inslend of thi in, peace, anil a happy (ettlement,
with which blisalngn (iod .rewards tnch tiuio
relrgioiiH and lightt'ous. lie also gave orders,
that when thi: temple .•ilioulcl be once bii'ilt, they
should put the Ark titerein, with the ^oly vessels;
jin^l he assured them, that they ought to hut« had
a ti:iiiple long ago, if their fat!.e|s had qol beeu
n(;«ligent of God's eoniiiiDii|t»«^.wiio had givi n it °
ill i-haivalj^at when tiicy h;^^<rot the }M»se4aion
of thisSJH, they ahoi'iUi build hiiu n temple.
Thus i(^QB[vid discourse to ll^« g6S:ernor> and
to his soir.': ■■" '
3. David was now in years, and his body, by
length of time, waaberoiuc cold, niid benumbed,
insoinuitli that he could get no keat by covtrilig <■ •
.himself. with many clolhea: and when the phy-
sicians, came together, thejli'Hgr<i'«d tothiiCad-
' vice, that a beautiful virgitff chosen out of the <
.whole couiitry, should ileepby the king's side,
^ ^1 that this damsel would coiiuiitinicate heat to
and he a 'remedy ag^Urtljk|> numbnett.
ow 'there was foiind in the^^^BSK ^'onian of*
liup«rior beaaty to all Othcr|^HHen< (her namogMi
H'as Abishag,) i<ho, sleeping ^lOf the king, didlJK'
no more than coinmunitiate waQuth to IjJMia. fof t^
he w&s so old that he could mt know. IBBI^ a ^
hiislmnd knows his wife. i(ut of this vM^^Hhw
ahall speak more presently. . _ ^^|^^i
4. Now the fourth son of ])avid was a beauti'
ful yoiiiig man, aiid tall, born to him of Ilaggith
hiswilW He WHS named Adonijuh, aitd was in
his disposition like Ahsulom; Aiid extlted him
self as hoping to be king; and told his fri^lnda
that he ought to' ta|ie the government upon him.
He also prepared uiany'.ctturiota and horae*, and -
fifty men to run before him. When hia father
jaw this, be did not. reprove hiiii, nor restrain
him from hi^iUrpqse, nor,<lid he go so far ati to '
^k whero|p|ifln! did so'/ Aow Adonijah had for
pariirnlarni' in I Chron. xxt. W, 38; and ixii. 1; to whksh
plaiea I refer the reader.
" ■
W*
1
\ or the qunniliy or |o!(l and allver esQtndMi' In in*
buildinit of Bolonion'i temple, and wlieucc it uoat, n«
tlie ileacnption of the temple, chap. xui. •
4
"^K
\{r
'♦ 1'
./>.'
>t,*iid had ta^r
■rmm «nil ,AI)?SthHr, anil tttr. ftiifn
of /uilah|i W hwl invited j^o thi
«h«r Z^dQl»itr#1ii|c^ pric»r, <«ir JVnl,
''ihet, nor HImM (Iiu captniu ^f tltf;'
of Jbof<4Ffn« < Qiitrury pi(Tt)ri > ',
I K«(h.in Ihii pr<r)ihf!t ta'-L—,.
'-'iioliii-r, that Ailonljali wtm lnn|
^ ktftw notliinnof.iJ: and'ho
fa«i bxHM, nyri h«r autt Sui6iii(iii,
hi.>l4i('lr to,i)nviil, noil iBflo hini.t
milenl kvmj^u that 8uloni(>ii ihpulil
r liiiu, hniwt, is the nwaBtiiiK.* Ad
J|j|*lre«<ljr taleii-flnJkinBiloin." Hi wi '
Wfe-tfiK prouhit liiniidyr, wouWi torn* aft
arid ivh<'ll Hie liiid Jtpoken thut . to ; tihn
Monld ruiifiriii tvh tt (he fiad laio: A(c<frdi
PaihtlH U a(jr«< d with N»than,^j(ridifcJ>i»M
the Imjc. ami wuisKipppd him,, nnd IvWA;).,
had dt«liii.cl li n\t to it|>*ak with hllii^ sl)» toldliil
all tkintfi ill the iiiaunur Uiat Naihani fnidt i^i
|Clt«d f<» h*r; and rrlut^t^ what i »up««f Aff,
mMi had niadf, und wh^ tjicy wene^hoiikli'i
^hidiipviiled, Aliidthar, tilt- high pr)ii'«tVf|yT.' ■''
ib« eJ»i|:^bl, aiitl' Uavid't aoiis, «xce|tiii^|
1^'
prtf'a«U|)it JpiSniate friends.. She •«>«!
nMW*h« people had Oitttnyn Oppn hWS
(W .whuni h< 'would chcfote for tfii-ir kinr; .
She'deMt^d him also t6 oonaider liSw; after nit
departuri^ ^donii,ih, if h« w^cre kiifg, Would ilay
het>anu^etaonSolopion. ' ^ > a.
5.' ^Mt m ^athalicba was ideakiit^, the Vttth
, ar otijthe king's chambers (old h^i, that Nathiii.
desired te- t«e him. Add whien the kin^N^kd''
commanded (hat he should'be'adniitted, he^Kiti*
<• in.'ind asked hmi,'wlK.tlterhehad,ordaiiu(l>^
iiijal) to be tihg, and delivered the gbveriinki
to him o* Do»? for that he had pn ' ■■ •
supper, and invUed fdl hin sons
at bIs« that tie had invited .lonb the rapta]
his host, [and Atiathar the high^riestij win aite
Q feasting with ailplauses," and miiny, joyful ScAmds
Qf instrumenlf, and wish (hat hji .kingdom Biay
last forcVer but he hath not invited me, lior
Zadok lite higji, priest, uoj; Bensiah iKfe caiitain
of the guards: and it is but lit (h»( all sjiuuld
know wBether (his be xlone by thy approlmlfeii
not. When Nathan had said thus, tlie kiifg
IManded that they shoufd call ^athsheba to ,
for she >bBd gone ont of the rsoin when,
prophet raiiie. >And 'wh'en'Bathi<hcba w'a» c
David said, " I wear If/, Almighty dod, Ihu
son Solomon shall ccrtiiti^y be lina " ' ' -^
Kwore, and that lie shall sftupon T
,that this ivery day ^Iso."-, So B
shipped him, and wished him a lonj
ling sent.for,29ad6k the high priest,
the captsin pf the.>gvards ; and w'
.come, Ite olUcn>d them to take v_
than the jirdphtA, and all the aniied
Mie palace,'^nd to s*t his son Solomon _,
king's mule, and to cSrrjr l^in oiit of the
the foiiutain called- Uihon, and to anoi'
there with the holy.oil. and to i&ke hi
This he chargeil Zadok the higb^iist, nr
than the prophit, to do, and conimandeclli. _
follow Solomon through tti^ midst of fhe r.
and to sduiid (he trumpets, and tq wi^h iJai
"That-^ulomon thi king may nil iiphn llie rpy n l
I1>ray«d Ip^dad (u be favo^,
fitJioAf an* cblayr they »e( «
i(le, and broilght liiitt out
of Judah, r«li< ,
when lienalak '
le to fiolunion.
iiiion upon tifti
Im! rity to (h« ^
'pil, and brought
iccUiuatinns and
t continue a lung,,
.iitroduevtl him into
gini iindn'the (l\run^.,
[^toiiK thriiiselvrS tu
lea festival, dancing,
with hiusical pipeti
air fjchpiid with the
— .._.. ...,, Inatriinicnts of music. ,• ,
iff. Kow when Adonijah and his guclts perceit- ,
e<t tbifi naise, they weie in disorder; and Joab
th«^ ^jf'*"! of thenostsaid, " lie was not pleased
witiv vnese echoes, and (Ko sound of these (rum-
pels.^**!;. And when supper was set iK'fore thcqf,
noho(lr.;tiiiitccl of it, but they were dll verj ..
(houirli|Tul what wonhl be (he matter. Then"
J«matm^,{ the son of Abiutbar the- high priest.
Clime rbnmng to (hiiii; and when Adonijan saw
,the yotih^niao gladly, and said to ^ini that hu
#as H good iiiesaengef, ho declared to them the
whple iiiatter about Solomon, and the detet .nina-
tipn of .kin|( David ; hereupon both Adonijah and
11,'hili'gue^s' rote hastily from (he feast, und
'ery' one Oi^d (o (heir own homes: Adonija|i
Iso as afr:iid of (he king for what he had dme,
ncainc a supplicant to (Tod, and look hold of (he
Urns of (he al(»r, ivhirh were promiiieni. It was
ho told .Sololiion ttiat he had so done; and that
~ desired to receive assurances Tronrliiin (hat
ncould not remember the injury he had done,
* •-"--• any seYcre punishment for it.
red veW mildly and prudently,
that "IVfor^lHje biro this his offence;" but «aid
withal, (bat "if iK were found oiiLin any a(tcuipt
Air new iAnovktio J\l that he would be the author
of hit own pnniattn%nt.'' , So he sent to him,
All raii^en |iim up'fpiiii th<> place of '.is sii; ;di' .
fcatioii, A(ii| when, he-was conie (n the kingjpid^
bad n vrshinf)ed h|pi, Ave k,ii:;; bade l^iiii go away
I'
t'^ulo
eThV
throne 'ftV ctcr," that so all (he' people way
know (hat he is ordained king by his fa(her. He
also gave Solomon a charge Tconci
veromtDt.to rule the whole natiol
"'tsr
IJut David. bC|ngj|letirbus''of ordaihing'his^
son kingof'yll the peopl«i ealled together their
rulers to Jcrutal«m, with the prjestt luid the
Levites; and {lari'tf; <irjit''i;nnibf:red the- Levites,
he found (herii to lie thirly%i^ht thousand, from
';(hir(y,year«pld to fil'ty: oiit«iwihich,he appohml
-ed tweotjrtthrM thousand to "take care of (HkJi,
luildikig of (Ji«'|eijiple, tiid out of- the same i^n
^sand to be^lttdgcs of tKe pfopic and trribes,
thousand 'j^r portcl-t (o fhe I|IHM| of lioil
'iiany fori^era^ te sin'g tq th^mtrub)<
David had prej)ared,as we have said ah
Hie divided theiUiilso^n^[C<iurJes( aliid'-WL
lad sep^atcd the pricsts-mii^ them, he foui
of these, priksts^tvuniyrfour Miurtes, sixteen of
th'e.hoH''e of i^ylliiBr, aiid eight of tliat of Itha-
iiiarTand h« oi^iiti^l that oiie ^'mji e shnuld mi-
nis Ar ttK^^J>4p%<>|l>'> fMMn SrMpPi to Sabbath.
Add thu«!^^^,th« courses idistributcd bv0jpit< ^
'leViresenceof ^-jd, and -%idi}k, and Aoiathitr
ia.btgh priesti.-tittl.Qf.aU ^tTteTTofers: a^id (iMit y
rtifc WAicI). came «|4ttrft was wrideh down M '.
fititt'f^n4 accordingly the a^'oiid, mid to dfi
"^ twenty-fuurth; and this paxtitiau hath re
firtt
lut»i , .
courses of eight d
'posterky of iVIose^!,
tt| hB?irrjpiir('s ■ of
-^ W'
OfS.. - 'nd also honored the
#d'iiiM(le'tJ^eifi the keepers
(rod; nnd'*rtf the dnnalion
||fefejh(iftti(i(fyi»lerficated.,,rtVt ''also 9rdain«#„
flnt all (hi! itibe of Lovj^.^ftt.'Wet) a% the priettt ,
should scrv'.,^
cDJoined |hwi«
*' '' ' . '^
C , ' ■ '■
(I«h, nif
Uftmiili
Hulunion,
U|iUII t|ft)
l^ l«» the ^
t bmughl
lionii and
ur M luag, ,..
him into
e ll\ron>.,
liclvfk tu
, dinc'iDK,
:al vipn, *'
with th*
■ pcrccit- ,
■lid Joab
)t pirawd
eie Irum-
ir« thciv,
lill very .
r. Th«ii
b nrieit,
lijan MKfi
II that hu
thrm the
ctrrihiDa-
Hijali and
east, und
Adonijali
lad \\mf,
jM of (he
li. It wa»
and that ,
liiin that
lad done.
It for it.
irudently,
but ^aid
V attoiiipt
be Qutboi'
to him,
go away
n of any
a worthy -
rantafpe,
lining; hiir
ihcr their
•nd the
f Levitet, .
lod, from
re of tnfe^i,
iame a^r'
d (Tribes,
i of CJocI
itnibit
aid all
ituiyfi
he foui
xteen of
of Itha-
^nuld mi-
Sabbath „
ialh«r
and that <
3owii M
iid lo df
I bath re -
rhty-four
Ihey caat .
for their
ored the
B keepers
fonationii
|>rdain«iL
e prieiti,
Mcahlid
■./:.
,r
/ jftn~
1 #'^
(. Al^rr thit he narird the t'nlire army into
. ttrelve |iarlii, witli llicir IcaiU'ra, (4111! rH|iliiiu« uf
huudrrili,) imil runinmiiilcr^ Notv cMry (larl
h«d twcnly-fniir llinuiniid, wltii:li Hrreoi'derrd
ti< wail (III Suliiiiiiiir, liv thirty itHvii at n time,
friiiii Ih tirat dny fill tin- liiil, willi tbi cnptaiim
' uf ihuutuiidK, anil (°ti|itiiini III humlredn. He ab<u
trt rulcra ovri rvrry part, mnh aa lie knew to be
Kood und riicbti'Aua iiiih. Hi> uttothirK »Un lo
lake charge of (be trenanirra.aiiij uf the vilUgea,
and <if tliu liehla, an^l ul the br.aata, whuae uaiiiea
I do nut think it' ni'Ci'aanry lul'iifiif'niiiin. Whin
Uavhl hud oittfh'd all Ihtki' »llii'< ;<, afterthi) man-
ner before nidUiontii, be rpllfd the rub ra of the
Hcbrrwa, and their beudauf tribea, iind Ibi; off!-
cera over the nvi'ral diviaionn, and thoM! thnt
were appoiiilrd over every work, mid evrry po»-
iCfaiOD: and atiimliiig ujikii ■ M^h pulpit, he auid
to the niutdtiirlr ua fulK/wik:, r* My bridireii and
my people, 1 would buiv you know that I iq-
tended lo Im'Hd a hnKiae for UutI, and preimred a
■rge quanliM' of Bold, and a hundred uuiua'-iiiil
lalinta of lilvcrttbut (iod prohibttrd me by the
prophet Naihan,''bei'au«e aiD-tbe wan I bud im
- your acciiint, uid b'l'aiiiie iiiy^ ti^lit hiiiiil wna
nolluled wtib tiie aUuf^httr of our ehPmita ; but
he cnninmniied that my aon.whp wni to xiiccred
•me in the kingdom, ahould build a l<'inpk-4i>rhini.
Now, lher<>l'oiT, since yod.kliofv~ thlit of the
twelve aont whom Jacob oiir .fnrefather bail, J u-
dah was amminlrd to be kiii)^, and that I .waa pre-
ferred before my aix brtthri'ii, and rvceivKil tlie
gOTernmeiit from God, and that nonr of ihein
were uneaiy at it, ao do I alao deairc lliat niv
»on* be not (• ditiuua one a(>aiu>,t another, now
^ Suloinoh ban received the king«)oni, but to bear
him clieerfi)lly for riieir lord, at knowing that
t (iod hath cbnaen him: for it ia not a (^rievoiia
thing to obey evi'ii » foreigner at a ruler, if it be
God I will, but it ia lit to rejoice when a brother
hatli obtained that dicnily, ninre the reat partake
of it with him. And rprhy that the promiaea of
>^Uod may br fullilledi> and that tliia happin>^aa
'^KWU he hath promia^i, to bialow upon king So-
lonio^. over all thp.cdu|4ry, may continue there-
in foinU^iui* to eoij^teS And theav proiuiiiea, O
■DO, wiff'tie firm, iiltl limine to a happy end, ii
othou ahow^t lby|aelj\^> be a n'li{;ioua\Hnd u
rightroua man, aUM atr'iiibst^rver of the lawa of
thy country; l^ut |f jiCSJ^ ex|icct itdveraily U|Hm
th» diaobeil ieiijr(|i?i;tb..:irtf "
,9. Now wh<|t|h'(^:.'kiDg hud said this, he left oH,
" ''^" '""nation and pattern of the buihl-
t!i#iighl of them all, to So-
i|tii»iii) rfnd of the ehainbem,
"iJKtfrinany they wi^ie to be,
Ight. and in breadth'; aa
aiimi«^|erinMttgraic wit^h^of the toldeii and
ailvef'i^BllBjI'^qioriJmvelf, lie Cjifrneatly eicitei!
tbein'ii'liyili* wor^i, to uie theiuimoiSt alaciity
|bout thelvork; li;P exhoMMI ^ rulers it|(|Oj
m^ parti^i))arlj( the trlbjlbf tevl, t9^ aaaiat
him, bottrhiTausi! of l^a^HKh, «nd bjiicau^e C!od
had cliAiienliiiirio lake car? df the biukiiiii^^
Ihie leniplc,r*nd oMiie .Euvernnieilt uf ffie \king-
doiu. 11^; also declared to them I hat the >vo«k
would be taiy, and not Very hiborioualu tWnkw
becauae h« had prejN|rtd for it luaiu^talenqi- of
(joM, a^d nipn' o(,OTlt'er,<wjth t!ntcjn|*nd aigreat
Btany rjkr|)<)ntert, and stonei'utien, and » Ui^
HOOK VII,— cHAr. XV, ' , ,; V'X Ml
t'l alaml over and' ff^rr the ark. Now when
David hail iloiifiMi'aliiiW, tiieri' ■ppiiii|i'd great
■ lHi:rily iiiimiin Ili5'i)r.uh'^-ii>n| llie, i(ri«i»t(», and
the l^vitea, wh<>./iliiw •^'in|[(i\l|i\(ted^'np(Viuiuda
rrrat and aplenvlid pVtiuii)4twln/|j;fH(nft:t'ontii>
buiion, for tliry ullli>1:t<wl(',tff^Sim|y^'l{^;tl<' five
Ibnuannd taltjila, and li'ii l,hn|im^|Pn(i^iM>| taii
of ailverirh Ibouaanil Inl^irt.o, wild Itijllnr ti'fi Ihotf
aaiul Inb'iila of iron; and ii aiij one ti.td »pre<
ciou| iloiieMie broii)(h( il, niul liH|ii<'Hlhed.4t !•
be <jiiit Hui'ini; the Ireaaurea; of wlii'li Jaeklcit
one of Ihe poaterily of Muafa, had tb«'|'>i|e.
10. Ujinii lliia Diraaion nil the peo|i|* p'juiced,
aa in uailicular ibd Uavid, when he auw the icul
al^l toi'Ward uniliilion; of the ridcra 'l|iid,» III*
|>rii«t«., and <if all Uie^rciil; ah.) he be|(air%>^(>te«t
(•Oil »ilh a loud voii-e; railing him ** (bf^ Wther
and Fiirent of Ihl- uili\rra<s aiid.the Aothot of
humaii.iuiil dikiiit' ^hinga, with which hti h(ld
ailoriii'if^oloiiion, Ihe patron uiid guardian of
the H< lir^^w iiHlvin, and of ila hnppiiir>a, and of
(hat kiiigdiuni wliirii be hath givtii hu aim. lie-
sidi-a llii^he prKved for liappinejM to all tha
people; a^^ -Ip Siiliininn liia aon, it avSmd and ■
righleiiiiaMiln''' "■*<' •'onlirnied in Jall aorta of vir-
tuv; ' and vllii'n heTwmu^nded Ihr niiilliiude to
lilraa fbid.'i I'lHin whii^thty all frll down U|Min
Hie ground,: and noiahippeid hmi. 'Ihfy iftao
gave lb»nk«>|i> David, on arcount ol all tbi bUa-
aini^a wMJitlie}^ had received ever ainraj^ he had
taken thi kijijj^^iti. On the a* m da^ h< (ir< friit-
rd aai'iwe^' t)|^<j(id, a thoiiaiiiid bulloi kt, aii^l ai
many laiulu, .^lii^h fh<'y ottered lor bi^piitutler-
int'a. . 'i'lysy Wao ollered peace-ofli riii^,^ mill
Quantity uf enie'rabia, and jUM^rta of preaoiU'
1P?a now he^Jiniiild'
■tohca: and he »aid, that
-giv« of the proper goiMln of hituuwn dbuiiniiin h»eni#.:
i^4^.two hundred talenia, and 0Rfr
'' ^'alentaof pure gold, fpr.tl:Cfuost DoiyTiinci
br the chariatuf Uod, the i^herubiiiis, whi'
■lew ^iW^enthouaand aacriliie*; and ^e king
fraated^aH (lay, loeether with all the pc»p)i , and
f;
1
Uiiy anoirtted Soluinnn a aecond liii'ie vtilh the
oil, Kill! u|>|ioinled liini tu be king, and Zailok to
be tile high prieirt uf the whole niultitud<'.<t And
when they hut), brought Solnnion tiy itie iflftyal, -i
palace, and had aet him Upon hia liftl^pi(ti{^flet"
they were'tibedii^t to hiiu from thit dlpy,. ' '^ >
, -.-^CHAP. XV. \ W
tyiiat tharfe Uttvi4 g;ave lit Hs inn Aai/omtin. ')U
' Ihc Jlpiiroac/i i>/'hiti)(alh, and tofi; iituitji
Thinga he lift him fur the Jtuildi^ nf'ilu
Tinifh. • - i\'' "
\ 1. A. i.llTi'lj!: af'.erwnrd DhmiI alao"A«,i}itp a^
di!iti.'Uipi r, (^ reaaiin of hia age, and ptjif4;iv)iig
that he wiiH iii^ir to death, be Cflli il Iim h\iI\ I^j^o-
nioii, and lli^cmli'ael| to liim lhi<i "t>b> now,^
O my !>un, going ti> my. grave Hiid In my l^llierifii'
which ill the ^miiiinn way wlinh'all mm that
now are, iV'^l WJill be heienffer, mi^at go, Iruol '
which way ^t iii no loifgi r puaailile tu return, »(id
to. know Hnyithing'lhal |« itone in thi* woild Oa
whirb ncciiM\it 1 exhort; thee, while I am »l,i)t
alive, lliongb already very near to (Ivath, in the
rulers it|(|(>^ aunie nianiier aa ^gbavefoiiuerly tJid in luy kd-
■ •*! ' • ■ \\fg („ iTiee. to be ri|fbt<'oua towaiils tliy S|ib- ,
^i|^, nnd n ligioiia tuwiirds ISnd.'that hutb givca
ritee ijty kiiigilohi ; t.> observe hii> 1 omiimnda >l1ti "
hiMiiwti wlilcb heijihth, atjit .U' li\ Moms; ancH
iiieiUx r d.> thou ent of favii<j;.'iit>r'|Iattery \b^1ow^
any lii>;l^<»r iitlgr«;i»^ion lo'iW''i};Httitb theei. to
disceganT ihfi^ tor t( tKliti ti nKgrikse^t hm ^
laWK, thou \vi^TO<iiethKfavur*'Ai tioii, and lliuu
wilt (urn gu;*^ hii<pruv«drirpe frtuir'-t^te in all''
thing*; but if thou bebfi'^c thyacll ao ai il Ix-
loovea thee, und as'litxbort tbie, tbi^u will )»<■
L* David il here gretft^y hlagied liy miMafor renam
idt ng J oa li a in l H! liiWllnM p n iii l;eiroy Bofom oa.
r kingdodr io our fiiinilv, and no otbuY
otberjttiouae VdUieuriuleovcr tl:e ifthpKMl, bin W*"
JtodTonrai lvea,7r#intiH|^. vfie thou aTio~inin'lliil uj[ '
iHKSrJoikb,* ti.e capt.iin uf.tM
1 on
ire' |^|^|^t!,„|;n>ni{|i|i;Miuifl
T llA til
. , ^ ponaa aaaw fcii aaaa^ >>■ a^*. |»a«aii ■■ n. ■ <» ai ^ _ ^
3'lie eouM flud a proptir <)<'<:n*i«|i'i alter lie had loriie
with llWflnl R 1011-4 wifile, aij|.jceiirrd trt III
. adllieoil.creniirel: - -
k|ly:y«i|raniu
, ....„, «.j.,vv...,» iiveiiardo'.i-
wlrirl. I^oniqii exeruleit (r, ord-
'-'^Tnaiiy^rauaelllieriB iiavld or
i'
Aiiomon hi these rareii. Sonh'g Ulnrilerof Aimer and
Ama »a w«» v« y h a rli a r o Ma , a n i l 1 uu ld n ui pio i M . rly
ma fF ^ , HP vm y nmnm M -T p, uiii i i ijm m i — ii m [iM »| H i r i y
be roriciveiieUI.erl'ygividiirt^o onion, fui ail<a|.<>iiain(
power in kini'a,forli'S*>iit!etir v'ilfiil inurri'r i« war
I^WVTVI III ■•llll'n.iui , -V . ■ ■■■}, "i ,1111111 iniiiii. I in -vnf
ruiMedW no 'aWoTOoil, nnv. Ix (liri|,i llv 1 ^innat 11 1 v«r4
Vb^re;.it)^:ta (t, fir certain, in the power of u 1 njj^
'■<^v^.
-IW
fitt
^K '
ANT1QUITIK8 OP TH!) JEWB.
boil, who htlh iliid two i«n«rali (>ul of cnv)-,
Votl lhoi« richlrnii* ■nil ((ooil iiirii, Abiirr IIif nun
i)( \fr, (nil AniuA llm non.ut ji (litT, nliiiix
..ijeath do (llou avfoga at ihall Mteiii K»oil In Iht't-.
•inca Juab liatb brrn too liaril for me, ami iiiurK
(Hildlil than iiiyit'ir, and •<> liatli riruiicd puiiiali-
lii«nt liillirrlo. I aliu ciiuimit to tllae llir ion
of llariiltal Iha (iilvadiK, wboUi'. in onlcr to
fnu(y luc, thoii ihult Have in gnat humir, and
talta K'"*' ''*" '^'i *"' '^ ha«a not dunn cood
to liim lint, but wo onljf rc|iajr that drbl «>iiii:h
Mc owa to hia father, fur irhatbt) did to meinnjy
fli|;ht. There ia alio,9hiiiiei, tht aou of (irra,
oMha tribe of Dinjainin, wb'u, after be bad cnul
niuny rrproacbci upon nir, when, in my ItiKhl, I
«va> ^oihg lu Mabanaim, met nia at Jurdau, and
rei-eiveil aniuranco that he ahoubl then luttrr
nulbing. Do tliuu now «rrk out for lame ju>t
occatiun, Hndpuninh iiini."
"2. Wlivn Oaviil bad giv^n thete ndnionltiont
to hii •on abuut public alfaira, and oliout bi«
^Mcndt, and about lhu»e whoni he knew to di-.
' aerve puniihiueiit, be dieil, having livtil u vcnty
ftar*, and rcigm:)! vyr.n year* and lix niuntbt
in Htbroii, ovvr the tribe uf Judali, and thirty'"
thne yeari in Jfruaalcin, over all the I'oiiutry.
Thit man wni p^ an cacellrnt character, and waa
endowed with all virturi that were deairable in a
king, and in one that had the preiervaliun uf so
many Iribri cumiiiitted to bjin; Ibr he wim ii inun
uf valor in a very extraor(linary d<'|;re(% and
went readily and firlt uf all into danjjtrm, when
lie WB* to light fur hia tuhjecti, an eiciljni^ the
.(^diera to action by hia own labors, and light-
ing fur them, and not by coninianding Iheni ID ui
deaputic way. He wai alau of very |j;rt:at ubill-
f rant mch a preroRativa to any oftlieir klnfa. Thouirh
joakivna ao nearly related to Dsvld.and ao potcnl In
tlia army under a warlike aduilnlatrallon, that David
dutal nut hliiiHfir put hini lo death, S Hnni, III. :!9, ami
Xlx, 7. tHiinid'i turtiug tkt Ltrd't tnoimtd. anil lliia
wlltioot any Juat rauae, waa the lilf heal art of trraron
agalnal God and III* anointed king, undjunlly dcaervi-il
dealhi fmd thougli David couMforilvetreaion aguinat i
ties in undrratanding, toH appreheniion of pi*-
aenl and fulurr circumilaiK^ra, ivlirii he wat t<i
iiianiige Hiiy Hllaira. He wai^iruili^nt luid nioihi-
rati', and kind tii aueb a* wrre under oiiy caliiiii-
til a; he waa righlcuua ani( humane | which are
giiuil <)iiiililii'a peculiarly At for kiiiga: nor waa
giillly uf any ollenre in the rxerciae uf au great
an authority, biil.in the buaincat uf the nila of
Uriahs lie alao left bihiud him greater wealth
than tiny other king, either of the Habrawa, «r
of ulbir natiuna, ever did.
:l. lie waa buried by hia aon Sulolnun, In Jeru-
kalemjwilh g^eat luaKnificcnre, and with all iha
other l|Unpralpunifl which kingau«ed to be buried
with: uioreovir, he had great' alid iinnii'nae
weallK burletl With hiini the vaalneaa ol which
iniiy baeutilv cunjiclurtu at by what 1 aball now
auy i fur a tnuuaHiid and thrnv hundred yeara W-
terward, llyrcanuia the high prieat, when he WM
beiieged by Antiurhua,that waa culled the I'iuua.
the sun of uenirlritia,^Bod waadcairuu* iSigiviM
him money to get him to ntiie the liege, aAd
draw uir Ilia nriiiy ; and having iiu ulher uitthod
of com|>aaaiiig ibu iiiuney, ofH'ncd one ruuiii of
Pavid's aepulchre, and touk out' llirei: thou'nod
talenta, and gave part of that lUlu to Aniiucliiii.
and by Ihia means ciiuaed Uie aieg* to be laisod.
ailwe h^ve infurnied the reader elaewiiire. Nliy.
after hiiji, and that muiiy years, lli-rod the king
opened aouthrr room, and to.ik itway « great
deal of niuniy. and y< t iieillier of them cume M
the cofliiiK of the kinga riirniselves, for their bo-
dies were buried under the earth aourlfully, that
they did not apfiear even. to tbiine that tntered
iudu their monuiiienlSi .'4)ut ao luuch abtitl suffica
us to ha«:e i«id concerjitug these malturs.
blmseir. yet bad he doiie no more in the tase of Blilaiti
tmjl^irainlaed lilin that he would liut U«a. on the day
afEli return and reinausuriilltfii, hliiiicif pul hlni to
dciith.'.'Huni. iTi.tK, and heaworelo hint no I'arlher,
V. !i:), aa Ihe wonls are in Josephua, lliaii llisMio woiiM
nuHAn put him lodeatlhwl<lcblie|ierrormed|iMirwai
HoloaiouuMder aiiy obligation to spare audi a tratMr.
\^
BOOK VIII.
COI«TAINlNO niE INTERVAL OF ONE HUNDRED AND BIXT.YTIIREiB VBARS.^FiOM THB
DEATH OK DAVID TO 'fflB DBAfil or AllAB.
CHAP. 1.
Hdvi Solomon, toAeit he- had rteeived the King-
Joirt, <oofc off hi* KMmiti.
(1. Wc have already treated of David, and
iiiarirtue; and ufthe beiu'.nta be was the author
of to bis countrymen ; of his wars alao, and bat-
tles which he inaiiagcd with succeaj, and then
died an old man, in the foregoing book. And
when Solnmaii hia sen, who was but a youth in
age, bad taken the kingdum. and whom Uuvid
bad declared, while he was alive, the lurU uf that
people, according to (iud's will: when he sal
upon the throne, the whule body of tl.e peopli-
made jarful acclamations to hiiii, as is uauul ut^
the beginning uf a reign; and wished that all liin
affairs might come lu a blcssied conclusion : anil
that he might arrive at a great age, and ut tjie
must happy state of alTairs possible.
2. But Adunijab, who, wliile his fa^het was
living, attempted lo gain posscdsiun of the go-
vernment, came to the king's mother tiaihxbelia,
and saluted her with great civility;' and when
she asked him, whether he came to her as de-
■iring lien^saisluiice in any thing Or nut} and
bade him tell iter if that were the case, for that''
she would chrerluily atlord it him; lir bigan tn
tay. that "she knuw herself that the kiiijrduin
was his, both un account nf hit tideir agt , on I uf
the I'isjwjItiOD of the iiiultitude, and that ytt it
tv4f Irunafcrri'd to Solomon her ion. according
tolthe will of liod. He also said that he wai
ror\tehted' to be a servant under hiiu, and waa
plcksiid with the present settlement, but he do-
siFell her to be a means of ubtainyig a favor,
frunll bis Ivuther to biin, and to pcr«uaile !iiui_ to
t)e«t(liw uB him in marriage Abisbug, who bad to-
<l(f'il iilcp^lu' his father, but because bis fulhfr ,
was (oo oil), lie did nut lie with her, and ihe wa* '
slijl It virgjiil" So iinthihelni promised him to
uil'drdliiiiv her assistance very earnestly,' and to
briiVf ^Itiis marriaj^e about; because tiie king
woul4\>e wJliiig to gratify him- in such a tliiiigV
aii.lJftcfttHe liiie uoiild press it|^£nii-^ —
,--, '^^^— >^ very uur-
iiektlV. Ari'ur<liii{;ly he weiS(aW)' in hu^es uf
Hui'dnling In this iimtcli. So Solui.iuii*.iiiulher
weiivjn'eskiitly lu her son. to s|H'iik to liiiii ul>i)Ut
tvbal >he hud'proiliiscd, upon Adunijiili a suopli-
catiun to hi'i'. And when her aon.c.iiiie I'irwnnl
to iiuet her nnil embraced her, iin,l when he liad
brought her into the house wliifc .»l'!<.ioyal
throne wi'S,8et,.he sat IheiVon, un I l.a.l-.! iheiu
net iiiiothi.f tjir^iie on the right' Imiid for iiis mor
(livr. \Vli€n i|:ith.>heba WX$ set tiuM'u, ?^< - tiliU,
"O my SKI'., griiiU iiio dill! reijiie»t that I desire
f tliei', ami ('o- not any tliiin; to iiic that in disa-
greealilc or uhprateiul; which tliou
llinu de^aient i:r.'." And when Sol.iiii!
l ull li t ou. Itj
iH|» lelur
lW it.jvaa
J
to lav li<r c> im.inds upon him, ^euMV it^a
agrLLable to his duty to grabi her every ming
\
ning
yj
J
noiiK vin.-ciiAP It
10.1
Honour""!, .hr rn.rr....l hi,,. 1,.^-" «'""
won;., «na irnt «w«j U iM'X «fr. »ml »« <l. «h»'
A. .l..mMl that h. iniRht marrj Alii.l,*!!;. ■"<'
"l will n,.t J.Ht th.r to .l..th. I«CK.W of »h. J^
mv fiilhtr. amJ m»i.«* of the (irli wi»r ', '""»
hiV .on,.; .lonrwiih ,0,, butj ••»"«■«;;•;",;
U?."?ltl.ol!....li.."«her,K ..orro,.... -..-J ""ore
ail.lril »inmtl..lh(«l h»
Do liol t toil lolilli."* nKr», iii.i-—- i.„ii:.,
ii^o M.y niRht. hot «''«"■«''""• 7.", ":,l'\r\f'
nil thvcwii lie. •.ami thtrf ubid.' '"«,'''' "" .'
iu.<. tl.«t thou .hoohUt r. I..... »1..v •''«;")»'$
lonit*r." t'or «h.. f,>r.ni. ..UonrJ '«{■»•' '"'1 !^,,r
'rr.. that the ho.... of lth«...»P 'JKLJ' 'V, V,
of Ih. ,acerdol..l .liKnilv. M/f'.J '^*^;;;'^ ,,
forrt.1 to the family of 1'hii.ei.N to /-«<lok. W'-w
■wiviitelv dufiiiK lh« li.iH. Uh >l th.. h i; > pri. «t-
C" Zl'L^rr.;! to the .kh... ...J Hh«.mr
rnf nhich fmi.lv Kli wu« lh«i fir«t tl.nt re<..»"'
ftl wire theK thul follow. Hukki, the «;.. of
JuMh,i.|-.«oiv w».Nler.,.olh; MnHiolb . .» > ««»
AropH»-u«; Arophieui'. *on'w», AhiK.b, nml
AhitWr.on w«» /...lok. wl">.«»' fi"' "»''••
bo h>i< "»«<•» '0 thiwti )<.<loi«.'i» )
!.«,u..lry, h....«.le h...lHHle [n •»"«""l* " • , '"*
three Vfur.. Mil. rw»r.l.wlM/. he hrnnl llml Iwo
I of hi, «mu..l. were r.... ««»> froil. «.IIh% •nrt
w»relflti»lh, liewe.,l fi.r hf ..rviii,l»>« hM«»'.
'k„m ,,er.eivr.l It, M>\ w-« "-'l.^h .l..|. .•i.ie.l th.l
,i,ore. h«l 1.0 repinl I., the .mth. ho I""' •*"•«
10 ti.'d ; •" he <h1I. .Irh.ii.. hi.<l .H..I i„ bli... I>.d««
h.m not kw.nr m' »« r to l..»*e ..... nor I" ((o 0..1
„flhi..lly J,.«..c.lh,err t|...ft .1".' not ih, r. for.-
„r„«. pi..'..h.,.ent for thy P"j;'r' ; -" ' -'I
iiuni^h lli.e. tho.i wi<-ked wr.-l. h. lK.th I or Ih..
rin , . i.n.1 f.tr lt,o.e wherewith thou .1.. .1 i.bo.e
rV;ih.r whrti he w« in h., "«'"•"'",'''"!
Jv.t know that wickefl in. n r« n t"'i*»»K ?«
birlllhouKU they be n..t H"""';'-;' '•»"';' jl'^lji
uiM... their .itun.t p«t«''". '"",""" "' •" '"
liii.e wh«eil. Ihey Ihink thenweUe, wcure.he-
Cethev have yet .Uffrrett ..olh.nff. Ihe.r pun-
iBiu<« »n.' ■ } u..,,,, ,,,H,ii |h..n,an<r
i'Bu»e thev n»*e yei .untri" ...„,----- ,
Z.ei t ii..te„.e . «ml i. henyi.r «,K.n ",:•';•,•"'!'
hi lo «■ Kr.M.ter .leKf «b«.. if U.ey hart been
„„„i,he.|.?......e.rial.ry u,K.n Ih. >o..mi....on -jf
[heir en......' .'(o Uen.i.fi. o.. the king . ro.n-
•|l.«lnl.»l*»rf<l>'"'*''-,JBj^ :•
CI
.letminghif-
iK'/T tefci' ^*"'
tJinir '■/"thi^
hijfh mie.t ii. the r.fj:i. <.n»»v»'-
i. N ■ ■ ■- ■••"
" n'iidom ojul Kichu; att
TlMflt. ■. '^>
firi.Iv b' hi. ki..Rd..n.; «i..l hannK •>••"«*'«."»
<"?. iel 10 i.ui.i.h.ue..^': he Inarhi.T ih.; .touphlor
I h..«Um,t n"><h larKer«n.l',tro..Ker tl,anlho»e
,™hTl b,e.. before. .,nd U.e..r.f»rwanl be nu.-
iKert p..bl..- affair, very ,«-»c.,.bly; "or «»».»..
f,r i,utle'.,l4rv.ti.,n of the «w.. or .rt Ih. re-
a. ^ow whVn Jo'rb Ihe <Pl>l»i» nf ♦•"■''"'' • , i,„,|„. „|,,(.rv»ii<.n ni inr i..— . ...■■■•
lienr.i 01 li.e •i»«r.." ■ ■■ "y:
ft- afraid.'lor he wi.» • K.''«le.' f.-i ...„(„„,,
i, Holoi.10..; «...! H,l,,H..:l.1W. not «'»'"'" '*^'^',
that he WB, in danu. r .... n^cm.nl of b.i nnor
to A.lm.iTah,he fled to th.. Jiur. a.u Honped
he.n.t^?prc«=..re.»fcn •l,.r.-by .0 b.u-.Af. h ,j
cau,« of IbKiinK'. piel.v 'f^T .. laiol
when some told the kliiR wl at J.>»b .. .1 MipoM.!
^.rhe le..t Benninh. «n.l .1o..,...«...l.-d bm. to
Ii*.l hb.. up fron. tl.e altar, and hr.njr. b..» to the
i^dff..Vent-.e»t. in orcler to |.mke hi. .1. f. nee.
i&cr.r»b«aid.hew.,i.ld'|.olle«vethe a n^^^^
WwouW <!'« •'•"''• «'her.Wn,n»..oll..p^^^^^^^
And when U...»ial. '""> 'V'^i'tl, UulTiff h^
the kins. Sold.non coni.iiinded hinl ty rulT)ll ni.
heailtherlVand let hl.n take that a, a m.m«Ji'
^'."'.tr lh'o« two captain, .( '^e h...t vvU, *
had wickedly .lain, and to b..ry l... bodf. Jbal
hi, «in« iniek never leave bi. fnioilv, but inift
h Lelf anihi, fath.r. by JoaV, d..jO.. ...iRhl^b^.
Si'.! -And when IJenaiah had dooewM.
L wa. conimamled to .do. he wft. h..l«elf an.
oointe.l 10 be captain of the who!.- nrn.v. H he
rngaU'Mnade z'adok to be alone the b,t;>. pr.e, t.
• • V.^ tie r6on. of Abiathar. who.n be had .-ei..» e,l
5 Hut luroShimei. Solomon camniaiidid that
he .hould iMiild him a houiie. and ,l»v at Jei|..«8-
lenrand »ttend ..,K.n l.i.... and .houlJ not have
autlK^ily to CO o*er Ihe^brmil Cedron; and th-.l
?f bSbeySd that c^A^nd. deat^ •'""''''»'«
• hi"p..ihh.uefll. »'„^&iS';ie an"." ""
. ribly. thi.t be comnelleirh.««ake an ,
heionWobcy. Accord.nPI Shm.ei
nicnbran.* ol wniit «nan?<-; "'"'"■",,•" ■':i_„
linV i.1 i.i. J'ftth. '•"» '»■ «t»«'h«'K*'l e\<-ri vtaiy
w h nrrat u.c..r«.7. that might have be.h e»-
; Ve,ri..>n. »... h as'are aee.l.and of Ihe ^r^'^^^ .
i,H..ien,-.. i.jjyuj^t'^t^^erH&'rci
Tre mr nt- IV.^nPSf "her • it"-"";'-' ^ «^']
whc 1 1. "b,.d dnn? ihi...h.. thought h« .h»;h';f
Irat bono.. (.. Ood. for a, he w«» n»leep>»t
g;r.Bl !>"""r^' , „.._..,„j ,„ hini. •..dVo.J.iuund
"rl iln fe're niionup o n jnab .
bim.evcn w.ienlie liailtn
toperfertlv nprpenble to t
Job.,, timi '-ITnnuin 'ome
neiil
from
?i;f n X: I odV^a^id to hin..^.nl Wn.md
edf.im*to «.k of y,.« .ome eirt.*"!'!**? he WJ.
^, V ocivehiiJ..a»«reWar.T«forhH...I>-, N.
Sotmon a.ke.l of (Sod what .«»««, "'"*';j;;«'',"oa
,,ud of the, (frealeat worth in its. If. *,'"'' *'*7,
roul.ll.e»tow^ith th« Kreate.lj1.y. an- what M
wMmo.1 profitable for'n.anto ro.-eiie; fi.r trd d
no? .W.re I., have be.lowed «pon.h...i either Rod
^r i, ver ..!• any otherrichV...,. a n.an an,l a youth
odel nat r»l 'have <l<».e.f.<r l!,e.e an- the thing,
hat are Kenrrlilly e.teehied by nio.t ...en. aaa one
of the 4«?e,t worth, an.l the. be.t.K.IU of <•«!;
" hoi ••'» d he. " give n.e.O J-orff. a wui-d mind
y; «ro:i amicrft»t;.U..K. whe,. by J .....y^p.ak
tying, '"," " • , „uve> |,,,enemi.H:^itHd, W '
Il'etrlt^ Icl .u^r-unlin-i .nd wi,d„... nnd
C» ki^-ni,? or.lin«ry penon.. ev.r had.
■s-
N
^
ANtiaf;iTIEH*i>V tlfi: JEWh
If* ibo promiMil to prD<m«tk«kiii;t>l»ni lohU
^««rily ftir « viry l<,ii,( tinir, ir In i.,ii(Ih„„|
rirh«»oii.. .ml <.l>«<li<'nl to luui, ...cl iM.ilatf.l
hi* (iiihrr III IhiiiMjll^^MriB^i hii rvrvlli-il
hud oil. r«.| «„.„| «.„«.... |„fc^, „„ „,„,^.
%
%
h»<l olliro't itrtnl twriflii', li«i;
kI^. he iVinti*.! .11 hi, Jwn fumily,
a. Ill th«M •»«),« haril nuM cnir l>..r„r« Itini
•h. f».». .bout whkh ih» cooUM «;,. ,hi, '.urh
kul. , ,u.e Solomon w« to ,Ih. r..„,„. ,„| ,ho..
•meiiy of ih* kisK for ■ pmum, |(„i ,i,ry „„»
Hon. -.|h.-rtw„reiw„ woiiirn who wirn h»r.
lot. m th. .„.ir« of .h*ir li„.. .hS r««, Z himj
"f whom .hu eh»» w,„i,d ,„ (,„ i„j„^rt iMKn lo
woowm ,lwHI toreihor in onr Aoiiirnow | "„i^,
«n p... ,h.l «. r^W-re , .o#i|, ,hr .«„ , hZr
pf Ih.. ..im. .1,,.. ,.,Ur on Ihr gl, „| ,|,y ,(,|, ^".
....n ovrrUid .„ ^.n.iin,! killTKjt.nmf Ih.n.rk
K??™*// r '«•••'"'■ "''.tHo^tr.i h..;,°oJ
htrtflf, nnd ■• I w., ,„|,r,, ,h, , r, j , .,
«..'.I.L7"'t' ^'<»»; •»*!•- 'P .h?l.o ni,^;. ,1
Ujd not find iiiy own, hut law ll,» noniiMlird J
chlU lying by ni,. for I ron.id..rrd i| ^.Toy «„
found U ,0 to be. ||,„^, j, ^^ .^ , ,,,^ >,X
iny «,n; ,„d Jvl,,„ r.ould not obtain hiniK
r^W.j..n,y lor.1. to thy i...|.„nc,.-i l„r ,incc w»
Wl*« iloncilknd Ihi-re wn. nolio<ly tliirr Ibit
•«»«rf«Hirth«.lJoal denial of Ihn.fcrt." U'hi-n
•"iM.ulher woii«n ,,hat ihr h».l itf,„v J,r,„„.
M'il'W of thi. .|^t „ut ^whriAlbV Viiif d
'orntu In ir* hi r frirnd'i rhild drMrartil *ho
(Sow Ih* inulliliidK lookml on Ihlt drlrriufnaljoM
»« 11 (tri-.l .i»ii ii,„| driii.i«.|r«li,m of lh« kiim <
•>iK«i lly aiMl wiadoni, iilwt sfirr thul day, allaltd
. ...- - ™.,.™..,- .,, „■« mii,||*p, mill i^ififf fi
■PIHiMlnl o»»r ihr wludr roilnlrt. wrrr lh«i»
Off Iho tot of KuhrainrwBUjL'rri; mrr ihr
lonarcbvof Brlhl.)..„,, wa» l^rra.i Ahint
ilat;. who iiiarrird H«|om int dau)(hl.r, had lb<-
"Kionof llora, aail Ilia w.coa.l. undfr him
Ihr rrral plain waa aiidrr llrnaiah, lh« aoii «(
Achilua; h» aW ptyttntA n|| ||„ ,„„„,„ n« f.r
n Jordan; nalMriuarnlrd ovrr (;ih'ad and (iaul-
■ndn. and had uwlt-r him Iha ainlT crral awl
frnrid nil, j. fof Or:] Arhinailab nianaKid lh«
anain of all lialiltr, — '— — xi.i .<i>~ r.. ■ i.^ .
hiniirif aUo iiiarrifd
nho«K nalN* waa " ...
«i#«-roa»l atmiil Anri-; a« hiiii S*li«phat' MoinI
Tahor. and f urnirl, and [Iha Towrl-f Oalilfa, at
f»ra« Ihr nvrr Jonlaiv; on« man wn> appoinltd
ovrr nil iHm roiinlf, • Sliiti. j Ha< iiilriulrd with
IhrloloUtrniainin, niidliubart.had llu'rnun-
Iry r"~-'^ 1 ..!.._ _
<>H;] Arhinailab nianaEtd lh«
ill'. ■• far aa .Sid.>*.and had
rifd a daiirlilrr of %jIooioh.
Ila«inia: Itiinarnira Md Ihr
"lAlr.
rt^wMMiH
+*■
'•"•Hrfh..! dona MnK ,va, ihars^d „ „„ h:r
and .an; hat il wa. hrr child l^^.twa, living'
and that,! wa. h.r anlagoni,,-. rh Id th„, .^^
dead, ^nd whan no one roiild d.vi,,. Khni Ld."
ID«nl rouU he »iv..„ .„,i .k- li. . " *"*'l j«<Ik
|«M roujd be giv..„. ,nd ,h, w|,o|^
' 'iMSyniC. -nd CO.
ndf^thekingHi
court' Were
»><«W tell
ilonnnTfiit-
-^..
.in their umiftrda
M lh«fullowinsw«yl,4,„ .liMever it: Hr
bade them ,brinK ,B both the d#l*trhihl and the
living child i and lenl laimt' hi. roar*" .„,^
commwided hfn. to fr|iJK„i^ 52"T^; "?.''
"!«. •'»5-»b0!i*« ohiiiirirKrl:;That"
■•light have half the livinV,
ti d^ HrrinpoH all the mS-
icl«|th« kill);, a. no more
'" '■".."'•■•A lime, .be mat
lerof th»livinKchihl. cried oK,
to« «io .o, but deliver the cbildfto^
lof Iha
and half thi
pie private!
. ^ than ayouti
JJ^ ♦up Ihc real ,
• thai he .houli
Jiirdan, ovrr wliuw t
lfi'brew.;Kaiid piirlirnlarlv the In
rfi( ivril a womlrifill inrrra.e m\\t
Ihriiiailvra lo hu.liagdrv, and the *ii
lh(ir|troiiml«: f,.r «| (hry rii)nyrd M
were not ditlrarled nWi War* hikI tri'iio
liBvinB; he«iilr» an nbniHlnnt friiilion nf t
dr.iniMc liberty, ever,- one wan liu.y ___
iii«iilin« Ihr pr.,.lmi ..f ihrir imp lamlt. tnd oih-
'birn "'""*'^'' ""'"' *''"" *'"■' •""' '■'"™"l»
•I. The kinr ha.l .No other riilrra. who wer-
ovir the land of Syrln. and of Ihr rhiMlne.
whirh rea.l.fd fn.iii ih« i-ivrr Kuphrale. t..
Kffypi, nnd theae rothrird hi> Iribiilri orihr nii.
tioiia. JVow ihriM mnf ribuird lo the kliiff', ubir
and lo hi. Mipper every day. • thirlr fori of liar
Hour, and »ixly of mral; a. aNottninl otrn,anil
t«'.nly o».n out of thr pn.tiirr.. and a hufldreH
Ml liimh«;iill thmewrrr lirxidrii vi lial wrrr lakni
hr h.intii.|: hart, and bi.ir»lo „,| i.inli ami
.if ihiv Ijy day. .S„|,„„.,„ ,,„,| „1,„ ,„ J, , „„'J .
NjLpf rh. At., thiir Ihr KiidN of hi. heriM-. for
ipre rhnr^» wrru forfy thoii.aiid; aad be.idea
h iJ* .S!**" «"«'.'»<• ••'"M.Hnd hor.rnirn, the onr
•!i if °"' '*"'"'^ "I'"" ""• liinicin Jrru«»len(
and. the rr.t were di.prr^rd nbrond, and dwrll in,
the royal vilJaBr,; but the mmr offi.rr who pro-
virfrd for the king', ex,«:,.r,. ,„ppHH| hNo the
fodder for the horw,. and .till rarri.d it to the
P''"* ""«■'•■• Ihr kin- aboile at that |ii„r.
J. Now lhc.api.rily nml wiMloni ivhich God
hnrt he.towrd on Solonion waa .o preal, tjiat he
exfceded the anrienli: innomiirh that he waa no
•kl ..k '•» . "• ""• uriiver the child ito
Wlified with the life of the chill Z\ Z?,K .fc "'"!'''".•'. »n.-^n.,: i„,om.,ch that he wa. no
■iKht of it. alth9,«Kh it were e. eeniJd hrnlit* T'' '1"'^'""^ '" '^T Kfypl^M. "h" •re .aid "«
child: but theolhSrwora»"arr«d^^ »" '"'" "' ""drntoml ng!
child divided, and wa. Airou. mo«lrj^/« r ™^ ."» "iilrni that thtir ,ap,rity wi.
the _fir.t woman .houl.l l"7or^emrT Wton Y-I^.vZ^ '"["!":"' '^V\ "" """F"' "« •!•«>
■ """'"• Whfn I excrllrd nnd dutinKHi.hrd hinLrPf in wiwlont
.he k^g andei^d t^a. ZZZTL^X
Teeded from Ihe.truth of their na..inn.k.'^'j
J»dR.d U.. child to he? .hat cwXu r-..t"i1*
for that .be wa. tb. real mother of t. an" he'
comlemned the other a. a wicked won ,n who
had no. only killed her ownchild. buTwre'ndM,
-»V.* "K "»"^ ■ml" '0 compare the dally nimitiire
«r kln|^h>nwn'a tahle. here ael down, and VKln« fl
p;i;"::a5^,:„?r'm'.^;;7.r.i:.^br?x^^^^^^^^
i^eXI'llLirf .7'" »' 'v^^^^-^'^^^^^^
able tMH f
.1, ... ,L T...,....s...-.,,-u iiiiiiKrii in wiwiont
abo»e tho«e who were iiio.t rmineiit auionr,th*
Hebrew, at that time for .hrewdne..; tbo.e I
Drfan were Ethan, and ilemaii, and Clialcol. and
Danla. _the .on. of iMahol. He al«> compo.ed
boom Olioile. and .onpi, a thoii«nnd and fiye; at
Ifar^blr. and .iinilundr., three thoutaiid; for b«
ilwAlrSI? n«M'27"*y /""'^ ""'' S'" '"' *'• •'••». «
rMnlr*^ not tht l.read of il-e fovernor, hernnM lh»
INHIdafe wiiB lieavy upon Ihia peoole." Nrh. v. ih Hea
Hwivyho^eronlMi.vcr. K-in. Sonliilihctoyernor-a
usual airownnce of forty .hrkria of .llyer a dny. yer i
13, amDiint 10 Ch n day. or to i.lWKl a vc.i7 N.!;^
4
.»
ik »Teryday,andiliat berwithe nn^^^^^^^ ""' '"""'' "'* •'"dtca or on^
«hen rerr Poor,athl.o*n.;harre..jS,wltho,MSvTna aLSln^^.^ .." JI'"'''"^- "'"' "'"' """ •""•h l«iW»»
•ny hurd^in upon li.e people ai all. 'MVow Tat whte2 Ji. .^ .^ '" "'2?' »•»■"""" "« »"■ '''"w* creat chai-
wai prepared for me dally waa mie ox .imI .1, ^^^, ' W upon 11^ puMlr for maln.nml..« court, ramr In wHb
«l<Mp; & fowl, were prc^ied fcr n!? and oirt^ t!SJ j'"?*^ " *^ '*«"'" ""y *•»'"• ' ^^- »"»■ »"-l»
*S.
t.
liniiliriM
Mund
il
(iffirtT*
■ IhuMi
'ir Ik*
Alilna.
Hill ihv
It him I
•on nl
r )•< f«r
I (iaul-
•t ind
mI tilt
ml hkil
I'HIKIII,
kI Ihr
Muuni
lire, 14
minUil
il with
I rnun-
I UK**"
of th«**
JuiUh.
Iirlook
•lilwn.
In t«
Ik- nii>
lahlr.
>l' fin*
II, (nil
iiilrrH
tiiltoi
I mill
ritjfiv
nuiii-
■« for
••id«»
» on»
iilriir,
rlt in,
pro.
) lire
> III)!
God
t h«
»• no
<l la
ling;
wat ,
*Uo
<loiu
,lh*
•• I
■mi
Died
i; Ql
r be
It. I
!lh»
Hee
lor^
ver.i
Nor*
^•^*U%
-'^ '
¥.
BOOK Vtll^-CIIAr. Vb
m
•iwke • ^r*M« up •■ tvtry VnutI o( irrr, (rwm Ik*
h«Miip lu the cpitri and in like iiiauiitr iIm
•ibuul lirttU, ahuui ill uirti of li«ln|| rrrelurat,
whtlhrr u|Miii Ihn tMirlh, iir in Ihr iirii<, ur IN ill*
ttiri fur ha w*t out uiuu^utnittiil with mir <>(
ihtir ntluniti nur |iuitl«l iiii|uiri<< iiIhwI ifitni,
but d«Krib«tl Ibelii til like * |ihil»«>|ih<!r, Hud
dtmunttraud hi* •hiiuUiIh kn<ii«li'<l|(ti of Ikcir
MVaml prulMrtlcu IiihI mUn rnuliUd kitil !■>
litni Ihtl hIII nrlikh oiirU <lriiiuii«,* which it
« M'iiaht iMtful tail laimiite tu lurn. He roM-
|iut«d tuck lii^Mftiuiu tUo hy whirh dialrm-
pert art alleviflpj.i And ha lilt btliiiid hilii llie
niaaner ol ual^^iWiiiiK, liy wkiih ihey drive
uway dtinoot, to ihtt liny iiwir rilunii tiid
iliit uiclbud o( curt i« of mrral lurca unlu tin*
■lay ! fur I havt tt<ui a certain man uf uiv own
■ oiintrjr, whute naiiie Wta KlvHiiir, rcUaaiiiif
iMupte thai were dckoiiiacal, in lliv prinruoi ul
Vctpaiian, and hit tniii, an<l hit raplnittt, ami
thu whuir uiulliludoUf hit toldivrt. The man-
■irruf the cure wai thin: hit |iul a Hiik thul had
a root wf one of Ihuie lorlt iiiruiiunrd lijr S<dO-
iiiuN, lt> the iiottrili ol the diiiioUiai'iUl'lir wUli'li
hii drew uul Ihr. deiiii^n iIimiikIi hi' iio'liiU: iiiid
when the man frililuiu iiiiiiiiilialily, hi< uiljurrd
hiiu to return into kiiu uo iiiorr, making klill
inenlion of Solomon, and rcciUiiK the inraulii-
tiont which he conipited. And when KUu'ar
would penuade and ileiiionilratr tii the ii|H'i'la-
lurt thai he had inch k |iuwrr, he art a little wav
' nil' a cup orfHKMi full of watir, ami coiniuandtd
the demon, at he went UmiI of the man. Id orer-
luru il, and therrhy to lit Ihe ppcctatort know
that he bad left the iban: and wlirn Ihit wat
done, Iba ikill and iniwloni of Siiloiiiun wat
•hewed very inanifrtiR; fur which reason il i*
thai all uieli may kiiuwlliir vattiiett of Noloiuun'a
abilitici, aiid how he wat beloved of God, and
that the extraordinary tlrluet of every kind with
which ihit king Wat eiUowed, may not be un-
known to any people iJnder the tun; for ihii
rciiiun, I tay, il it Ihalj we hiive proceeded to
, (peak io largely of lliet<
^ li. Mureuvcrh lliraui
had beard Ihal Solomon
kingdom, wat very glad
of David. So be tent i
niallert,
ng of Tyre, when he
iicceeifbd to hit falher't
f il, for he wat a friend
buKiudori to him, and
•aluled him, and eoii^ia^ilutrd him on the pre-
aeot happy itate of hit all'uirt. Upon Which t^o-
' • Bdme prel«ndcdlVn«mei*tof tliote iMwIiiof coiijn-
ration of Holoinun are Hill eiiuiit in Pnliririiii't CihI.
Pieudepigr. Vet. Tetl. |>. lUi*. Iliuuili I unilrelv ilir
Ikr nrom Jntrptiut in llilii lik ibu|i|»aal. Ihiii iiich twikt
and arliofltolouian wtre^iiarli iinimt wiiHluin wlilrli
wat Imparled to lilniliy Usd iA IiIj yiiimiier Aayn Hiey
mutt lullicf liavo Iwlongcdtotucliprnlniii'liut riiiioua
aruat we Und Bienlloneir, Arte Vli. i:i- 'it), mid Imil Ih-i'ii
derWetl froni Ihe Idnlalry and aubertllilun of IiIh livntheii
wivca and ronculilnet in lilt old\ ane, wlicn li» iiud fur
aakenliml, aiidUod liad fonuikuA iiini, and slven him up
todcniaiiinral delusloni. Niirilocii Jtaicvlinii'tilran|l«
account othltroot Jtura,(Ur the \Vir,h. vill. rli.vl.
teci. :i,)teenitolwu<lier thanlliiltof lit niuiiiculn^ In
tuch coiijurathint. At fortliefollowiiiitliitiory, itcon-
tlrintwbatChritttayt, Malt. xll. tr,"lf I by Ueiilriiliuh
cati out dcniont, by whom do yotil tona cant tliem out T"
t TtieaeeptatletafMloinoiianililllrnm arelhowlnl
Klnn V. i^U; ■■><! " enlaned.lb UVIiron. II. J— 10;
htil here fivcn ut hy Jgaepliua in lut own wordi.
LWhat Joaeptiut here putt intollilt rupyi^ftl Irani'*
tie toPobmon, and repeata alleVward, chap. v. tcrt.
si Dial Tyre wat now an itlaad, la not In any o( ihu
tbrce oilier copiei, ylx. thalori|ioHinM<Chrunirlra,nr
ISuieblut; nor it it any other, I tupnoie, iluin lilt own
ronjectural paraphrato; for when I aiany yenrt ato tit
quired into lhli> matter, I fuiind the iliatvoriliia fuiiioiv
loniiin aeiil kiai f n •pitll*. Ibe coattaU of •rkW'h
lier* follu«:
Htll^lMUt Til kiNit llllUM.
" Kunw thou Ihal my father wiiuhl havehuill
a Irniple to llod,( liiil wnt hiniltreil by wart
and continual iiiieditionti fur he did mil leave
olT to i>vrrthrow hit eneniiea til) ha made thini
all talijrri Io tribute) but I i^ive thankt Io timl
for Ihe (leae* I at prtieni eiijuy, and on th*l nf-
rounl I am at Iriaur*. and drtiKn to liiiihl a home
Io (lod, for (iml forrlidd to my father that tuch
a hoiite ahould be bnill hy iiie; whrrcfure I de-
lire Ihcelii tend inatoin* of thy luliji'Cttvtilh mine
Io iHOiint l.elianiin In rut down linilitr, for the
Sidonlaiii «re more akllful than our people In
culling of woihI. Aa for wa^et to the bvwrrt id
woimI, I will pay whiitaorver price thou thalt
determine." <
7. When Mirani had read thit epIaAt, IM WM
pliiiied with it, and wrote bark Uiit ■iwa'iFiu
nolomon:
lllRAM TO KirtH S0I.IIMI1M.
■■ Il ia At Io hliaa (IihI thai he hath romniilled
thy fulher'a Movirnnienl to Ihee, who art a wiaa
man, and enilViwed with all virtiiea. At for my-
arif, I rejoice at Ih* condition thou art in, and
will be lubtertlenl to then in all that ihou ai'ni|>-
cat Io nie about ; for when liy my lubjectt I have
cut down iiiuiiy and larKe Irettol' cedar, and rv-
priaa wood, I will tend them Io tea, and will
onli-r my aubjeitt In make llonit of Ilia m, and
to mil to what place locter of thy country Ihoit
ahnltdraire, and leave them there, after which
thy aubji'Cta may carry them Io Jrrutalrin: but
ilo tliiiu take care to procure ut corn for thit tim-
ber, which we aland in need of, 4>ecaute we ln«.
habit in an ialiind."}
8. The copiet of iheie epiitUt remain at thit
day. and are preterved not only in our hooka,
but among the TyriaiU alto, intomuch that it'
any one wouhl know Ihe certainty about them,
he may deaire of Ihe keepert of ib* puldic re-
rurdiof Tyre to show hiin Ihein! and he will
find jilMia there tel down to a|;rre with what,
we kWIPKiuil., I have taid ao much out of n de.
aire ab awMHlr eaileft may know that wi- tpruk
""Hn^SHv" ''"''*• *"*' *''' "''' com|H>an a hit-
1 ' I fflJMM ffn "" " phiuallde rrlntiona which d'"
cilw^Mrand pivttae lliriii ul lira tahie lime.
I
t';^
l|ien' Joined la the continent nt the prraeni reninlna of
I'ntvlytua hy a neck of 'and over aialnat !)uloinon'a
rlalrriia, titil ao called: and the rlly'a freah Water prulit-
Illy w«a carried nlon| hi pipra hy that neck of land,
and that tliit Itland wat ilierefore In tirlrlneat no othtr
llwin II iicninauin, huvinit n/Jaifra ^>lx JUlit, I'Uek.
x«vi. (I, andu vull alioiil It, AiniMl. 10; and the ciiy '
waa not of ao srcnt repiifrillnii nx t^liloti for iomn axflt;
that it wna nllarked h<ii|i hy ten and bind hyHalnia-
naater, at Joaepliua iiil'orina iia, AnHi|. Ii. Iil'^hap. xiv.
acrt. 3; and afterward raiiie to Ir Die nii'lrDpollaof Phot'
niria, and alterivird taken and diairoyed liy Ncliu-
clitdiicuar, arrnrdiiii to Ihn nuiiierout irrlplute pro-
plieclea tliereto relatinn, l«n. t>lii. Jer. xiy. JN; x^lt.
5; xlvii. 4; Kxek. nvl. ixvll. x)i«vlil. Thai leveiity
yenrt after that dcttrnrtion hy .Nehurhndnetxar, thia
clly^wtia In aome meaaure revived and relrullt, lanlah
xtlll. 17, 11^ tail that.ua the proptli-t KXeklel had fore-
told, xxyl- 3,4, .?, 14; xiyii. :t4; the aen aroae ht«lier than
before, lillallaat it overllowed iioi only the neck of.
land, hut the main Itl. or jieniiiaiilii ilaelf, and dettroyeil
tliiitold ami famoua city for ever; that, however, there
Biill rcinaiiied nn adioininii aninllcr l»lanil, once roniiort-
ed to old Tyro itaelf liy lllrnni, which waa nflerwara
lnhahlted:towlileliAlejanderilie<;rnnt.wilhlneredllila
puiiia, rulaed a iicw hank er niiiwivny; nnd that It plain-
ly api>eara. from Mnundrcll. n moat niillieiiilc eyewll-
iicaa, that tlwold large aad r.iiuoua liiy.on tlie original
I
ellr. and of tlie taliind whnreuiMn it iltood, to imye heeii neat, that the old large aail r iiuoua < u) , on iiie on«in*i
very dllftront at dilTeieni tUiiee. Tlio rcauit of my larjro inland, ia now hilil ao geiieriilly under water, that
i i Miui r l e a In Ibto matt e r, w i tli thn ad d i ti on of p om e la
ter iniprovrmenlt, ttandi thut. Thai ihe heat tcttimo-
nlet hereto relatinn, Imply that I'alt'tyrut, or oldeal
Tyro, waa no other than that moat ancient Hinaller fort
or city Tyre, tltutted on the contiiK^ni, and iiienlioned
tnJoth, xlx. 30, ont of wtilrli the I'liiiiianiie or IMitrni-
etan tnhabltanit were driven into a liiric itland that
t flu offln the NVby Joihua; that thit itland wu
ararre more than forty nrrrii of it. or m'her of thgt pd-
nn-
ihlle
ha>-
rftb
-M
toyigl"
iolniitii tinall Mniid, reniiiin at lliia day: an that per
hapa hot ahovc a hiiiiilrodth part of the Brtt iaiond and
city it iiiiw ahovi- wiifcr,] 'I'hia waa foretold in the tame
Kopliei'iet' of KxekicI; and, acrordlnc to them, at IHi.
aundrell diatinrtly olfervea, theae poor rcmtlni of
old Tyre arc now " hoijnnie like the top of a rock, a
place rot ilicipreadin|df nctt til the niUtt or Uit tea"
W:
''t.
tw
ANTi4urrii>i ()»' THi: jcwn
nnr Mfmpt la ■•uid •k»mliMlln», nor iIm)?*
Mini In Iwllcvn u> ImiUMlwIrl; , Mur ar* mm ■!
tititrly l» ili'|i«rl fruiii •|wi»kiiig Iriilli, wliH'h i«
III!' |iru|Mr •uiiiiuriiiliiliuu of ii huiurliiii, »nii
v*t^j« bl«iiiv|»M. itiit w« tntltl uiHiii no HrfauK-
•«iiil M )vli«t nti M)r, hhUm NT* ha iiblii lu tamtti-
(>-%t Ua triilli b)' daniandriilloii uut ih« tirungMl
viiivhitn.
9. Nu«r kinf; S'lloiuun, « ••mhi •• ihia rfiull*
fnim Hid Iiiiik »( 'V^ti wM bniiiKlil him, iiiiii-
IIH'n<l>cl Ihai rKwIiiMM aiul (ihmI.wiII ha Urilarail
iImIwIii, anil r<|Ml<l bint In wbnl ha dattrvd, ami
MBl him >r«rl) Iwanty ihiHinml i-nri of whrni,
MmI aa iii.iii)r biilha n( uilj imw llip lulh it alila
lorunlaiM Mivmljr.iwu nciitiiruta. lli- nUn xul
him Ihv H^iiiu i.iKaiuro of hiik'. So th« fhrmj.
•hi|i Iwlwi'io Hiram anil NmIihiiuii hvrtb) iii.
rr*aarit mur* aiul iiiori' : (tml iIm-) •wiira in con-
llnuv it lor vtct, AuJ tltu kiui^ a|u>u|ul«tl a ln^
bull' li) li» liiiil un all lhi< ii«rj|ili , ol ihlrly ihiiu-
Hnd laliorrn, nlmu- work li« rtmlrrril tut) lu
(hriii lir pniilrnlljr (li»i>tiii|f it ■niuu|( thriir: for
hi iiiailii l<>n ihiimuiul cul liinlM-rin inouiii I,»Im-
nun lor km month, aiul Ihrn (i> conir^ humrt ami
(hrrr ir«( iwo inuiitlia until the liuir ivhrn Ihr
iithir Ittnilf tlinuiiiiiil hnil liniahtd llirir tii»k nt
III'' n|>|Hiiut«(l linii'i anil mi Kllfrwarri it rainr tu
^M lliat lbi> fint (an thoiuuiMl rrliirnril ii> ihi ir
murk avrry fourth month i ami it ivii< Ailonnii
who UB« u>rr thia Iributr. Th'-rr iviri' al»o nl
tha itraiiirrr* who wi-rf kft by Diiviil, nhn «i iv
turarry the •loMca, ami olhrr inat< rniN, .mniv
Ihouaaml | ami of thuar timt rut Ihi' tloni'ii, I'lKlily
ihiiiianiiil. Of tliiitr, thrun thouaanti anil tViri'i'
hnnilri il wcrr riil< ra ovir the rrat. lie aiio rn.
jiHiicil thrill lu cut out UrKii iloni a for thr foim.
■lalinno ot Ihit Iciuiilr, niij that thi<) •houlil li|
thrill III ' I'liili- ihi'iii toKi'thrr in Ihi- iiiuuntain,
•ml to I ( ihi'Mi (o inu ntr. Thia iva* iloiix
not only 111 our own niunlry' workmen, hot by
(lioac workmen whom llirani anil alao.
CHAl'. 111.
1/ Iht HuilJing of Ikt Timflt.
} I. HoiXiMOil hrican to buiKI llir ti ni|)li> in llic
lourth year of hit ri'lgn, on Ihii aii'oiiii lUniilh,
which thd iMai'uiloniaua rail Arlciiiiaii>a,'niiil thr
tiehri'wa Jiir, live hiiiiilrrd and nini'ty-|A'o triirn
iiltir thff riuttua out of KKypt, but iifii r oiii' ihou-
aaml ami tivriily }i'ara Iroin Abruhaui'a ruiulnK
<Mit of .Mi:«(/|iutui4|a inlo (.'iiniiun, unii uflrr thi:
dclugn mil' tliuuaand four hiiiulriil and forty
yrura; mid from Adiim, tlir lunt man ivlio waa
crrated, until tiolumoii buill Ihr liiiipli', ihrrn
had pniiKud in nil Ihrri' tlioutnod oni' hiindrid Hnd
two yfiira. Nmv, thai j inr on w hicli ihi' ti-niptc
liriCiin to be built, waa ulriuily tlii' ibvihlh jiar
of the niirn of lliniin; but iroiii tlii' biiililiii|r of
lyre In tlin building of Ihii ti iii|ilei tliurvlmd
puaaid two hundred and forty yiniv.
2. N'uiv, therefore, the king luiil the f»ii|Hiatioii>
uf the ti'iiiple very deep in tilt' Kronnd&uiii the
iiiatiriuN u'er« atrung atone*, niiil auclPM uoulil
riniiit the loren of time; theni' niro 1|| uuili:
ihiniaelvea with the eiirth, and lircmne » liii'-i*
and It ture fuundfition for tliiit aiipemtrurtiiru
Mhii'li Knt to be eMCUd oier il; tliiyweVi' to be
M> atniii^, in order f» •ualain with iR'-e liione vnat
4Uper»tftiriMr<a, an^ preriouB urniimeiita, whute
own Hripht «n« not to be leii lh:in the weight of
Ihoiie olliir liii^h and lieuvy buildiil"i ivhiellthe
kin); di>i'4iii'd to Im; \vt\ lirimnKiituI ami nit^i.
litfenl; ihev i reeled ila'enlire body, quilc up In
the roof, o{ white Ituni': il« liei);lit wa* aivly lu-
nila , an d ila length <rn» the tnni i , iiiiil ifa h i 'eudth
twenty. Thar* waa •■iHher buihlinK «rMI«4
ovarii, aipiat to || hi ila miaiur>i<i ao Ihat Ika
I n«ir« altlluila of lit* Iiriii|iti waa • kundied MmI
Iwcwiy ruhita. It* Iruiit waa to Iha eaai. Aa lu
Iba wiri'h, Ihey buill it befnrr ih< leuiplv; Ila
Uagllt wua twenty i iibtia, ami it waa an ordarad
thai il mi>hl avrra with tha liraadlh of Ilia huiiie
and it hwl twnlva ruliila in laliliida, ami Ila height
waa raiird aa bl|tb »» a humlrnl and twriili ru-
liilt. Ilr iiUo ImmIi riiuiiil .ihout the teiiiiili' thirl)
tinalt nmiiM, whii h imxhl iniliida Ilia wliota laiU'
file, by Ihair rlaarni-M oM til anolbar, ami by
hrlr nuiiibrr, and oolwanl poaitiun round il. Ha
atan made |wa<ii|ira through them, that tbay
iiiighl roma Inlo una thniunh amilliar. Kvari*
onaoflkeaa rtionia hnd livv euhiU in lifrlidlh,')'
anil Iha aunia in leonlh, but lu heiKhl tw'itli.
Abova thaae ihrn^ Wara oihar roW^na, and otha'r*
alMia tbaui, a<|ii«l l»rth m Ihetr maamtrrt and
nuuibar; an that Iheae rtaihad la a htlKhl eipial
to Iha I'twrr purl of Iha houaa; lor lTi« iipi» r
IMKhwl no biiddiiiga about it. I'he roof llin'
waa ovir the houx' waa of ledari ■nd Iruli
every one ol" iheai' nHiuia li.id a roof of thrfr
owm that waa not lonnrrtid with the other
riioina; but Kir the other parta, lliirn wua a ro-
tried roof roimiion to thiiii all, nml liiiilt with
very Iohk biania. Ilml nai.rd Ihrouch Ihii real,
and thniuiih the \%|; ,|ii Imildlnt, <■> iTiit tlia mid-
ille walla liiina atnn;(lheii»l bv tha aama lieania
III Linibir, miKhl be ihi ri.liy ni'iile llrnier; but a«
l.ir that |K<rl ol ibi' roof Ibiil mm umlir tin'
beania, il wua made ol thr aanie materiul', and
waa all iiiude aoionth, nml had ornuniinl* pnipn
for roofa, and plalea of gold nniliij u|Kin them.
And aa he emhiaed tha walla with boarda of ei ■
dur, ao he lixed on them plnlra of gold, whieli
hitd aeulplurei on them, ao Ihiil Iha whole tem-
ple ahini'd, and daiilid the ewa of lueh at en-
tered, by the aplendor of the' gold thdl wi»» im
every aula of them. Now the whole airui't..i
of the temple waa iiiada with grtiit akill, uf ixi
lithed alonea, ami lkbai> laid togelhi'l'ao very bar-
nionioualy and ame^ilhly, that there. ap|iekred to
the a|M'Ctulort no ai((n of aity hiiniiiirr, or other
inalruineiit of arehilrrture, but aa ii, without iiiiy
iiae of them, the entire materiala had niturally
united Ihemaelvea toKithcr, that the ai^rce-
i.iH'iit of iinv |Mirt Willi unother acenied rn-
tlirr to have been imlunil, llian to have ariaeii
from llin liirru of loida ufion them. The kin^i
ulao hud ■ line contrivance for iih ntcent tu tin
upper tfHini over the li niple, and thut wai by
alep« inlhe Ibiekneaa of ita null; for il bad hi,
liirgc door on the mat end, aa the lower hoU>>
hftiT, but the entranrea were by the aidea, through
virv tuinll doura. He ulao dveHiiid the ti'inpli-
buill wilhiii iiiid without, with bounla of cedar,
that were kept cloae luKtlhir by thick charm, ao
thut Ihia loiiliivanrc iviia in the nalum of • aup-
pprt and a alN'njrth tu the buildin^r.
J. 4Nuw nhen |be king had divided the templi-
into two pacta, be made the inner huuae of twenty
eubiea[everj*way,J to be the mo%t aecret rhani-
bir, but \w iippoinlcd that of forty cubita la bi'
the Mancliiiiry ; and wlicu he had cut a door-placi'
out of the wall, he put therein dnora of tediir,
nml overlaid Ihein witli a greiit deal of grtid, that
bad aculpturea uimn il, II.' ntao hnd vl-ila of blui-
nnd purple, nml acarlet,- and the hrigfateat and
aollent Inien, with the most curioua llowei>,
wroii<;ht upon them, which were to be'drnivn .
bi'forr thoi-e doors. Hi? alao dedicated f.<r thi'
niohl ii'cret place, wIiom' breadth waa tiventv
ci'ibita, Hiiil length the -nine, two cherubim* oV
'#■»
a ulii l gold;( the height of e i n 'l i iif them tvm livi'*-
liirfaitilervnl (Klwecn onfanililie other iliat wnaorer
It.undllilawlth ilnuMe Itnora, llinaiipor alxruliitidla
hiiirefriim Ilie floor lieneaUi it.iis I Khicfivl.j.
LJuaeiihiia i^iiya here, Hint tlir I'hnrulHina were ofaolld
_ I, anil only Dvccuhiia III :h, while nur 111 lirewroplM,
I Kiniia vl.U3,Sf), aay they were ofMi* olive frea, and
the LXXIioflliecyprciiuc«.MdMiy ovtwloitniui
• Of the (eninleof $<iilomoh, hereilenrrlhelt liy Juae- ■
phuaia thia and Ilia follnwliig wilionaof •hlacliRptcr, I
«ee niJ|[^lcier|ntlon of the 't'eniplea lielimginit to lliie
Ullaff rimfna, nr aljln ^li^im''"'*, ll""ni to have
Jobi|iuua'aitiKrri|ilioM, no leM II, an twenty .
jli a|ilece,iitherniiie ilKrc mum have hem a '
V,
M
W
lUHik VIII.-(HAr. lit.
mImU, lhi« h*<l rjrhiii lh«in iwu wlai* tirrliK.
ni inal M ur M ft** >'itlHt«i whrrvfur* !*<>lMnM»t
»l lh»M» ii|i mil (it tnmi ••■•li nihrr, l))«l *til<
fMU' «lM|r III*)! iiilirM liMirh Ihr ••■iiihrrn wall •■)
iltv •iviit |>l(t<i-, mmI Kiih HMoilnr IIk' north) rii
'\Htt «i\\*t fiMK*. mIiiiIi I'HHi'l )<i cikIi llllltr,
win' ■ i«f»rlii(( •" til" «il», «fiMli Win Ml l»-
Iwi-*!! IIkidi but niHimly I'mi lill, ur rtmi iii|«-
i»rliir», wlwl wM •h*' •hupi «l (!«■•<• •■Ii»riiliiiii».
lU ■l«'i Ut'l ••<• lt<«ir>il the littDiili' Ntlh |iliiU<
<ii K"l<l| ■wl I" nililril il'iiiri l'> tlic irnli' nl llir
tfiKiil)', HcrrrKbIc Id llio iiii.i>»r>' i>< llii' lirlnlit
il iIk' wuII, biM III lifimUh Iwi'Hl^ riiliHa, mill mi
•h»iii III' kI*"! K'iIiI i>i>i'*°*' '^ii'I- >'• "ii) ■■" "■
>ini' wiirit, li<^ Iril no |>»rl ■>' llf li'iii|ili', iM-ilhrr
iMl»riiiil Miir r^ti riml. IhiI wliiit hik i uti iviI Willi
Uulil'. Ur nUii Itiiil Ciiititliu ilmtvii iiiif tlii'«it
iliHira m (ikf MiniiiiKf ua llli-l Mire rimittl nvir
llir luiii'r iliiiir* III' llw iiiint li»l,t |iliii'i'i h«l lli>
BIWPh nf tn*i ti'MIIH** lM>*» tlrt^lllllf **• ^lllll\«iirl-
4. ,N>iw MiidinKin tKiil I'ur mi iirriAi'ir nut nf
T«rr, wJiiKi' imiiir wtM limni: lir w>i* li* I'irlti
■it' tlir trilir »■ >i«|ihtiill, iiii iIk' iiiutlirr'* •iilc,
ii>r ill* w*< III llinl irilM-,) liiii hi« I'mliir wii>
llr. oIIImi nloill otllir l>r«ilili«. Tlii" iiinii wn«
tliilliil ill nil •i>rl< III wur|ii lull lii< rhiri aliill
1*1 Ml wiirkiiiK i" K>il<'i *'< •lUrr. miil imiis, lit
nhuiii wrr» iiiiiiir nil lli>> iiiii'lmiiMul nnrk'n
hIiiiuI IIik Iriiljik. IK run I lU'; In llu' Hill ni' Snln-
iliim. MnriiiM'i'. tliU lliriilii iiinili' two [linlliin {
)mIIi«i'>. wh<i«' ciiiUlili riwtr' III' linn«, mwl ilir
lIlir.liiH-M III' lIlK liriiM wii< liiur liiiKira' liri^iillli.
iiih) Ihr hriKllliif llii' |Hlliir«WH»i'iKnti'riiriiliilt,*
himI llii'ir rin-uililrrriM'r Iwi Ivii riili'ii', liul lliiri-
wn«iiiil with r«<'li iM' Ihi'ir rhii|iil«ra lih-tvnrk
lliMl tliiixj ii|iii» tlif iiilUr. niid il VIM iWvniril
livf ri^liiK, rmiml nti'iul hIijiIi ihrrr n>i< ml-
work inltrwiivrii uilb •iiihII iihIiik, iiiiiiIi- ni
tiriw<, mill coviTi'il tlir lil)-wiirli. i'u ilii« rUii
ivrrv liiiMK tivii liiinilri'il i>iiiiii)irniiiil»'', in Iivd
ruwa: llir iiiii' u( till ••■ |>illiir« he iit hI tin- I'U-
(mni'ii.iil III" Thti'Ii III iIk' riithl linnil. nml culhil
II jiirliln, iinil ihr ullur »l tlii' li'it liniiil, iiiiil
<:Hl|ril It llioK.
A. SoliiiiKiH Hiaii ■'•>! II Imin II •rit. iyIkim'
l)|{iirii wii» lliiit ■>(' ■ liriiii'iilii re : lliit liriiHi ii
vi'Mfl nm •hIIi'iI a wtt, fur \i* liirK('iii>*i>, I'lr iIk'
Uvrr will Irii IWi ill (lliiiiii'ltri mill i'i>t ut llir
Ihii'klirx ui * |i«liir iN iiiiililli' |iiii't rfiiil iiii n
•hort pilliir, lliiil liiiH l<ii «|iirHN roioHl lu mnl
lliiit pillur WHt Irii riiliiln ill iliniiif'lt r. I'liiri'
ttuuil ruiiuil nbuiit it IwiIk: iixim, lliiit luiikril In
III)' I'dur wiiula III livRMii, tliri'i' to ilirli H'iinl,
liitvinir llirir hiiiiUr |iiii-i» il< pr*-'!!!, llijii "i ll"'
hrmiiipheririii vi'wat iniehl n •! u|i<in lliiiii, <vhlrh
Itaclf wiia ttl«o ill pri'i"Mil niiHitl iilimil immrtlly.
i: .\iiw tlii« kUU ruiilaiiif'd thrre llioii-iiiiil lifitll^,
K. lliMiUo Hindi' trii liriiii'ii hii>i • inr xi iimiiv
. >iuit<lrnn|[;uliir lavi'm; tlir U'ligth ni mry niu- oi
ttit'*r liuM'i wn» dvr riihitui null lilt' bn'milli lour
riilitu, nnd lliv hriffht nix ri/ltili. 'I'hia «<•••■ I
iviia pnrlly tUriHil, iiiid »»» tliiin '-nntrivid : Ihcti'
tyirc luiir ■iiiall ipmilrHiiKulHr pillam llint tiliiiid
^ iiiit' UI mch corner, tlu-i' liml tlii- <id«"< i.l ihr
\mM- liltrd to them 1)11 eurb i|iiiirl)'r: ihi'V Wfirc
pnrtiil into tlint) p«rl«; i very iiilcrviil hmlH b.ir-
dir littni to nijiimrt [th« bvir,] upmi wliiclt wh*
ciisniVin, in uiie plurr it Hun, nml In aiintlii'r
plui:i' U bull and nn i-iglv. Tin' tiiiHll jiillurii bad
llir ••*!• iimmiiU »ii«r»«»ii that w»fr Hifrair**
(in llif >idr» 'Ihr wliiilr work witil ilrvtlMt.aiia
•ti. Ill ii|i<ii« iMur »br»l«, whiih »ir» iiUn i"**!
Wliii-U hiMl nlot nmiK natl h Hnra, nml ntrr • dt^'t
mill <i hnW III ilii»iii»l»f. All) im' "Im '*'" ••••
.pf.kia III lh» wti'-«l«, hi.w r«»illji Ihrjr «•»«•
tiiriM il anti iinitMl In 1h« >i<lr« iif Ihr liaw*, •«<•
Hiib wlwl hurinony llii) «m«>»l to ihr (VH»k>»
wiiidil wiiNdcr at IbfHi llnwt trr, llirir alrtir
liiri' wiia llilai fftiain ihiiiildrrs <>l litiiiilf air|k|rl>>
ril niil hrltl llw iiirnrra KtH>«*, ii|i>iii i»hii'Wrt«l-
rii u •li<if< ii|ilnil pillar, Ihiil lay mimU r Ihr l/nllqw
piirt of ihn larrr, r»ili»« Hp«in Ihi' |.rr|/»rt a<
ilii' rml» anil Ihr lliw^ WIrieh »<rr mlai^laii. ttf
lliaiii. in«i«niiii h llmt lli««r wlui »i«wi'«. IlirniV
wcMild tliiiili Ibtj «iKi III urn- piir*; _latw*f(i
Ibrlr wiri' lywj.i'uiiii^i III ftjil»i.H«'»f. 'I'l^j WW
Ihr (>nairn)Xlii»i ol Ihr Irn nii«« a. I^r alio mad«-
lill liiri?iNP<i»tliil lirtiM >*»ar|a, whi^h win* Iha la-,
vvr* tlu.uiuUi;ivJ!aiU 1^ wiriih !'im(»m«il i«rtJL__
'liitlliaif lor il bnil Hi hri|{hl lour iiihila, and ilf
i'il|ri a w< ri' aa iiiik h ili*liiiil fmin raih other,
tip al-o plari'il Ibrax javrra upon Ihr Irn lia*«*
llitti win lallril Mrchonothi and he art flva of '
Ihr ImiKon lln' lij.ll alilr 111' Ihr liiiiplr,t which
wa« Ihr alii* tuwnrila lb* north wind, and a*
nianv nil Ibr ri^bl aidr, lowanli II lb, but
lookloK lowariU Ibii laal: ihr aiinir [raatrm|
wiiy bi- iiirn in Ibi- ara. i\ow. hi' a|i|i(iinlnl iha
.I'K to lir I'ur WH-biiiK llir hand* iinil lb* frfl
III Ihr prirala, wliin llii » inlirril into lh« Irin-
llir, mill Hire In itarrnd l^ir iijliir, but Ihr Javrr*
t.i rlianat' Ihr rnlraila nf llir lirnaU thnt wtra li>
lir liorntollrriiini, wrillvlhi'ir lii't alao.
T. llr iilaik mail* a brairii altar, wlinar lrn|[tl|
wna iwraiy rublla, and lU brmdih Ihr •amr,Bml
ila Id i|;hl Irn, lor t|i« biirnl-oftrrmna. lir alio
iiiaiU' all ila na.rli of hraaa, ihr iHila, anil Iha
•bovi la, and Ibr Imann*, and liriidri Ihrar, iha
aniifli ra and ttir lniiK*i anil all ila olhrr vraaflai
hi'ljindrof liraaa, and fiii'b braaa ua »a( In
.|il< nilor and lii'UMiy like Ridd. 'I'lir king aUo
di'iliiali d n ifrial niiiiilN'r uf lablra, ImiI iinr that
will liirci' mill iiiadt n('|{iilil, iipnn nbh'b ibry •«•!
(In Inati'i iil' Iinil: mill liii iiiadr Irn ibnuniHl.
iiKii'v llial ri«<nililnt lliri". lail *<■"■ <•*""' aftrr
iiiinlbir iiiaiiiMi*, ujiun wliii'b lay Ibr vInU and
Ihr rupa; llin«« id Kiild wi'rc i»rnn- lliouaahil; ,
lbo«e III' ailvrr wirr liirly lliiinaHiid. llr alio
iiiaili' li'ii tbiiuaaiid I'ai/lllralirka. ai'i'ordinit lo Iha
roiiiiiiiijld of .Mnaia, iiiii nf wliii'b br drdiialad
llir iIk' ti'iiiidr, Ihal It iiiinbl burn in Ihr <I«1J»',
luiK . uMi'riiini; In Ibr law | and nnr labia wiiB '
loiivt a ii|ioii II, on tbr nnrtli •(ill! nf ihr Irmplc,
nvt r u/iiinal llii: I'.iiuUialirk; for^thia he art oa
Ibr anidb ildr, but Ibr Kolilrn allar •loud b<^
twirii Ibi'iii. All llii>r vraaria wrri) ronlainrd
ill tliii^V"1^'"f ''"' lioly ''""»"' w'ln'ii waa forty
I'uliila liiii;(, nml mrr brfirr Ibr vail of that
moat Mini nlnrr wlirri in tbi; ark waa to be art.
II, 'i'br kiiiK »l«" m»il»' pniiriii({. vr»«'la, in
niliiibrr ii|;bty ibniiuin'i), and n huivkrd tbou-
aand Kiildrn yiaU, and Iwirr aa niany atfvrr viaU;
of icnlilrn diahra, in nriirr Ibrnin to oU'rY knradeil
Aiir Ibiiir Hi Ihr allnr, Ibrrr vvirr rlj^bty llionaand,
and tuiii! iia many of aiUrr. OUarnr batons
aiao, Mbiri'in lliry iiiixril iinr l1ou> wilb oil .
liity tiioiiaand of |(i)ld. and lwii:r naniany of »il-
vrr. Uf Ibr iiieaiiirra likr tliote wbicli Mo|«a
(olil. anil both Birrrlhrywrrn Irn riiliila high. I aup-
pnarllio nunilx'r la lirrr fiilanly lraiiai'iltM.sI, mill Ihnt
Joarnhiiawroli' Irn t'lliitnatao. *
* Aa fur Ihran iwn rnnioiia iiillara, Jarhln anil Rnoi,
thrir liriiihl roahj^lic nniiinmhanrlihtmi rulilia, n»
tirre.anil I KInsavil. W.i JA\nt%tiv. \'; Jrr. Ili.'JI:
tlinarlhlriy flrrriililta In itriiron. III. 1.1, iirinx roiitrii'
tlirlriirrrndlni. (nllir iiwmiHiiK'.iliractorly liaihaar?
prohnhly till' iruruuiilUi»)fc»"»tuiiii'il 111 rai'li liivi'r, ifln-e
ili.-v wiMit H|iiiirTtni«il«;«iiil wmr m lie ilrawn hy lha
l,rvileaiilioiitlhero«rtaolllir prirala, for III* woiliinn
tliry wi'rrilralRiii'il for: unit ll.-lll■^ry hnlit niuili more,
lliry ivniild liavr lawn Iimi liravy lo have hci-n miilrii 'in<
t Mrre Jiwphiia (ivi'a lU n ki'y lo Ida own lanmiailt,
ri gl i t an il lij ft nan i l , l ii lhh l al i rtnarlr i mil trinpir
^^1
r
tV i n al l l l ir iiil r a nf a rrh l lri'li i r r i n Ih r w arl d. .
t'riu'raU"ilorrylifiilrlr»Havi'paorriinrriiliiialiy|li(^'lliiit liy tlir rlgtit hnml lie ini'ana nl.at w arnlnat our
meter.anil four in lii-iglil, botii InOiirroplea, I KiA»i»fi? "ten, wlien wi' auppoar oiiraclvcajainf iipfrnm ll'« eaat
■m "19, and hrrr in Joarpliua, niiiat liavc runlarned « niiira of the roiiria lowanla the lahrrnade or Irinpla
iraatdralinoretlianthrarforlybatlw.wlii'hnr-iHwayaj lliriiiarlvra, nnH aoairii r«r«»; wl'i>iire il foMowa, thai
aialtned tlnin. Wlicn- flm rrrnrliCiiia luird lii-mv; i Ihrinllar Jai'ljHi.on Ihr rwlii hand of llr Irniple, «ia«
- ...-.....-...:- ^iieriMI.'o'j on IIk- a^iuth, uen.inal iiuf leu hand, ana OootOtt !(•
u'>vi-«roa"iiort!i,,'<|!umilodr right hand. -
PrrhapaJiweplrtia liomatly f.iilimeil liiar"!!:!'-! Ii
i:i»y iioilN-.'n corluptft!. and he wtt no* .ib «■•
■ - ' ; -- ^ ■ r 2 ■ ■ ■ .
108
ANTlQtJITIIW OF THE JKW8.
railed th)« lliii and tliq, Atnron, [ii Initii t\t.ti\,]
Ihcru wera livnuly thou«nndol'f(olil,aiid twicf an
many of lilvir. The golden ccu^tm, in tvliirli
lb«jr cnrricil the ii|c«iiic to the ultiir, wl^ro tivi'ii-
ty thoiMttiid: the other ccntriM, in wiru h tlirv
. carried lir« Irani thit f^^rcal ujtur to the little id-
lor, within the t«ni|4lc^ iver« lift)! thiTtisauil. 'i'ho
wcerdutnl garni*iiti, ivhich brlullfi^^d to the high
prtcat, ivitU the long robeii, and tin.' (irurle, nml
the prrcioiii tUiiier, were ii thou-iind. liu^thi'
jrowii upon wlifch iMou's wrme' (the mtnuvtil')
G,od,» waH only bne, aud hutli ri iiinini'd to thin
vciy diiy. lie iilao made t^-nthuiiKiind tiic'tnlo-
lal guriTiciM* of fine Ijm'u, with purple girdli'ii,
loj- ivory; print, jiiid, tWjj hundred tliousund
trunip«(j<, iHX-orHins to thitVonniinnd ol iMokh:
also, two hundred tlioniand (Jirniijiilsof fine linrn
I'dr the sinKerf tlint were J.eyili!., And he uiiide
, iliiuical innlruHitints, ami Hall ri» were iuventxl
for linf^ing otbrnina, citHeil i\iihlu> and CInyra',
[ptalterieii and liui-pit,] whilh wire niadeof eltf-
tntin, [the tinest brass, 1 forty tluuimud.
9. Solomon niaile all tlic.-e thiuj-H for the ho-
nor of (loTl, with great variety and ningniflcenre,
•paring no cost, but UKinji aA^iossilde liberality
in aditriiing the temple; and MheM- thin<;i< h.ede-
dicatifed to the treuMirek of (lod. Ili' uUd jilnced'
a partition round about the temple, «hii:h in our
tongue Wo call (iitoii, but it is callid Thrinseoii
by the Greclct, and he raited it up to the height
of three cubit!! ; and it. Was for the e.iclu-'ion of
the multitude from coiiiiug into tli<! temple, and
' thowiug that it wan a -place that was tree and
opcn-ooly for the priests. He also built beyond
this court a lenijile, whose figure was tliut <if 'a
" quadrangle, and erected for it great and broad
tHoisters: this was entered into by very -higih
gates, each of which had itn front exposed to one
loT the [four 1 ivinds, and were sjint by golden
doors. Into this temple nil the people entered
that were distinguished from the wL by bi'iiig
pure, and obsiryaiU of the laws, IJut Iw nnide
that temple whii:h was bey ond . tliiV n woliderliil
ODolndeed, and such as exi< ud-s idl d'tiwiiption
in woVds, nay, if I may so say, ig' liardly be-
lieved upon sight; for when he-had lillcil up
.great valleys with earth, which, mi account of
tneie imiuehsc depth, could not be looked on,
whien yon bended down, to M-e them, without
pain, alid hail eleyst^dlhe ground four huiid.red
cubits, he made it toTw-tuUti"'*'*! with the I
of the mountain, on which
and by this means the otitmost temple,
exposed la the air, was even with the Icinple
itselff He encompassed this also with a buihl-
• idg of a double row of cloislera, which sipod on
high pillars of native ktoiie, while the roof» wen;
, of CeUar,^nd were polished in a manner proper
for such high roof^^ but he lyude all the door.»
of this temple of silver. .
CH\P. IV.
//(MO SoUmon removed Ihe Ark iiilo- the Temple ;
hoto he t^tide Huppliaition ti> Qod, and ojfireii
pubUc.iiacr{/icei to him.
{ l.'Wllf.N king Solomon had linislied these
works, these large and beautiful buildings,jind
had-litid up his donatirfhs in the tbinple, antf i^
♦Of the goMeHotale on the IHdh prios't's forehead,
-Ihiit was in ht^ihK iWi» ilnys of Ji^iiIhis, anil a rouHU
I y or two at least later, sec the note on Anliq; h^iiiV*L?
vii. sect. 6. , ' , ■ , ., . ;^,i-^
t When Joseplins her? says, that the floor oft
, most temple, or rourfof the (•entilex, w.ns wiili"
bor raised tolice««»,urof ej(«i/.*eiV*f, with
rk'fts, jir n
, tills in the interval of .even years,! and had givea
! a demonstration of his riili'rtl and alacrity thtra-
til, iiisoiniich tlial any one who saw it w«tuld haTe
I thought it must linVe been nn i enso time er*
it couhl linwbeuii liiii.hed; and [Hunild b« sur-
prisedj IhutMi much tliould bo fiitished in so
I short a time; short, 1 niiiin, if rompared with
I the greatness of the work; htt also wrote to the
I rulers anil elders »f the Hebrews, and ordered
.all the peoide to gather lliemselves together tb
t Jmiifalem, both to see the temple whicli he had
I built, and' to iimove the ark of (iod into it; and
when this iiivitalion of the whole boily of Iht
people to tome to .lerusali'in wa* every where
curried abroad, it was llie rtvelilhunoiilh before
they cai)ie logotber,, which month is by our couii- .
liyineii lallid Thisri, i)ut bi- the Alacedonians
>f, with ly*
must iiiVt
altoilier't:
of the imrr, or rourt of the prii
ina gross esiiinalina only, lor lie and .. ...
Jli at tlieiniicr temple, or court of tliA iirKsIs", was
< uHiIs more elev.iteil ili ili tin inii'dle ruiirl, Ilie c au
Israel and murh more wis the rourt of tin prints,,
v.ited several rulals aliove the oii';iiost i ourl, smce tiu
cniirt ot Israel was lower than t.-i one, and iii^ilu'r than
the other
J l'iiil^ptuai!ml;i^'^/>thatllir> irepaniltiiiilcranil
Moiie»to fHiild the tciApK for l'ii(.\ yea"- ' I Kiiica v
llyprrbirelans. 'ihe feast .of tabernacles hap-
i iHiied to fall lit the same time, which »vas cele-
■ bratcd Jiy the Hebrews as a iiiut) holy anil most
iiuiiient feast. So lliey carried tijie ark and the
tabernacle which iVIosts had pitrhed, and all.^hi- ■
vessels that 'were for ininislralion to the sacri-
fices of God, and. removed them to the teniplc.||
.The.kjiig himsilf, ami all the propl«'and the f.e-
vitis fftnt before, n mlerin^ the/gi^ound moist
'with saciilin* and drink oHerings.'aiMl the blood
of U great number of oblalious, and burning an
iiiimvnse ipiaulity of iureiisc, and this tilTthe
very air itst If every where rouiwl about was so.
full of 'these odors that it uiet#iii a most agree-
able imrliitet', persons at a great distance, and
was ai^ indication of (iod's presencf, and, as
iiien's o|)lnioiis were, of his habitation with thcnr
in this newly built and consecrated place, lor
they did not grow wearv, either of singing hymns
or of dancing, until they camp to.tjie temple:
and in this manner did they curry tti* ark. But
whin'tliey shouhl transfer it intr) tl>e most strn't
place, the rest of the multitude°went away, niid
only- those priests that carried it set it betweer.
the t,wo chel'ubims, which, embracing it with
their wings, (for so were they trained by the nr-
tilictr,) lljey covereil it as under a tent or a cu-
pola. Aow the ark contained nothing else but
those two lables of stone that ppeserved iho fen
conimauiluihitsVwhich God spake to Moses in
mount ninai, and which were engraved upon
them; but they set the candlcsticli, and table,
and the gol I'eii altar, in the temple, belbre the
most sacred plac**, in the very same places
wherein, they stood till that time in the taberna-
tlt^So they ofl'ered up. the daily sacrifices; but
for lRiT-t»i4«jjt^ltnr, Solomon set it before the
teiiiple, (Hrtiragiiiust the dogr, that when the
door Was openid, il niipht be exposed to sigJit,
ami the sacred soleiiinities, gad tlte richness of
the sacrifices, might be thence seen; and all the
rest of the visaers they gathered together, ami
put llieiiv.Vvithin the tciiipfe.
■2. JVo»K;«» soon as the priests had piit all things
in order about tlie ai:l(, and had gone out, flicre
came down a thick cloud, and stooijl there, and
spread itself after a gentle inanncr into the teni-
plc; sueh a tioud it was, us was ditfuscd, and
teinper.ite, nut ffiiich a rough one as- wo «ce full
of rain in the luinter sciisoii. This cloud so dark-
ened the pNu'e, that one priest could not discern
fSiiWOd il(ih<iagh neitlier our present Hebrew copy ndr " ,
liJjatf 'fljrsttly name that nBiiil'cr of ycari% yet da
wy iMn'BMrtrftiiH ilsnlf did iiutlieeinlUISolornon's
J»>{Ilr,aBd J*ili R|H'ak of the prcuaraiion of nia-
a\mm<>t<fiau<l,:tjiif>vi>v. 18; Antlq. h. viii. chap. v.
r. i(«'l'™r*j^ h««»a*»u iliercfarc to alter the Sep-
Ldiu'it*nutiiavr,°l>arj|vc arc to sui>|iose three years to
1* Ik I n Ihe justthiti; of the |ir£p,irniiua, as I havo
i|icia my cuia|iutati(>nipf the eipeii«ciu building tlft>
liijile -A,
n'lps su'eiiiii rcinju^iii^f the ark from Mount 81011
^ ^gpoiint Moriah,Jtt''th^ distanct; of almost llirei-
quart) (ri of a niOc.icAnfuTqi-t&iit iKktion pt the mod
era Je»)cs, nkd lollowed hy lunuy Christians als<i,
a/f itjiit^a. two \vf re ilVr .t ^rt one .ini) ilio mine
n oanttliu, fur wluik iii(i;e Is, I think, viry hlt>c
tunndttion. ^'' -" * ,
% __* *-
J * .. — f « — I
I
\
DOOK VI1I.-CHAP. IV.
m
tiiiotlicr, liul it atrnrileft to the iniiulV gt' nil R vi-
litilr iiMiiKr, and ||jlorW«ii a|ip( iiriiiicu'^ (io<l|i
litiviiij; tli'imiiirtl iiiio llii« tri1i|ili-, uml uf hU
liiiviiiK Kl»<"y pitrhcd hill tabrrniulti Ihcri'iii. Ho
ihrvu meu wvrv intent upuii thJH thought. Hut
Solomon ruie up, (tor h« wha •iltlni; btloir,) unit
•laeil »uch wqril* to Ciuil ns he Ihouglit ajrrteaUc
>o the <)ivina nature to i^iMM'ivi', imkI fit tor liin> to
;rivci for h« «*i<l, .'.i'ffcou haet un eternal lioUlir,
CrLorii, anil luch a oRo m tlioii hniit i'ri.ut«0 lor
Miysuir out of thine own work>; tve know it to
lie the heav«n< anil the uir, and the iiu^li, and the
HI a, which thou nervadrsl ; imrarl tlioU contiiin^
.I'd within tiieir limits. I have indeed built thiit
'H'lnpli' to thee, and thy niimi', that Ifiihi thence,
when we iuurifii-e, and perl'urni mii-rid opera-
lioiw, »o may keiid our prayerH up into tlie Air,
iiiiil inuyiconttaiitty bi li< ve that thou art prrtint,
' Hud art iv>t remote from what U thine own; for
nritlier when thou serat all thHif;:<, aiid hcnreiit
idl thing*, nor now, whew it plenies tlue todwell
litre, do8t thou leav«'tlM:''care o1 all men, but ra-
ther, thou art very neijr to tlieiii all, but e»-
peciatly thou art present to tliUHe that aildreM
ilienmelvetto thee, whether by niKhtur bv ilji)."
When he had tlius unliiiuily aiUiresSed Liiini'lf
to (iod, he ennverted his disi'oume to tlie iiiiilli-
lirde,- and strongly represented the power and
providence of (iiid'to them; how he hud showed
all things that tvere come to pans to David hia
father, an many of thqiii; things had already I'oiiie
topau, and the rest would certainly cometopaait
hereafter; and how he hail given him hia name,
and told tq David Vvhnt he Hhould bccalled before
he wa» born; and foretold, that when he ahimid
be king after his father'* dehth he tliould build
him a teqiple, which, tince they auvv acronipli!^i-
ed according to his pri^iliction, he re^<|uireil them
to lilesa fimi, and Ijy believing hini,. troni tl>;
si^ht otwhat they liiul wen acronijpliarKd, never
■ ■ ■ il t
lativn for thee, iniich luon in lhi» poor temule so;
but IJMilreat Jliee to keepjins Ihi WH house, .
from briiin ili-troyeil by our eheiiiies fuf ever, ,
mill til take core of it us lliine own possession:
but if tins' |Mi>tilr be found t» linve aiimed, aMI
be then upon iiflltcleii by thie « ifli any plague
becauai^ of tin ir sin, uswilli dearth, or pestilence, ,
^r»iiy other iiflliction which thou iHi>tto inlliet
^n.lii'ov that trfinagrrss any of thy liidy liiws,,
ilnd If they lly all of them to this tifHiple, be
seeching thee, unil begging of I hie to dclivtr
them, then do thon hear their pruji i<, ns bc/ng
withiuthiiio house, and base mercy iipmi-t^enij .
and deliver them Irniii tliiir iifllicli""-y naj. "^
nloreover, this lii'lp is what I iiiiplor.- of tliie,
not for Ibe Hebrews bnlv, when tliey lUy in dis-
tress, but when uiivshiill conic hllliiTrlfom uiiy
ends of the world whntsoevir, ond ahull return
from their sins uiid iiiiplnre thy panlon, do thou •
then nurdiin them, and liimr llieir prayer. Koi<
hereby all shall learn tli/it thou tliyaelf wost
pleased witll the building nf this hou<e lor tin e,
and that we are not oui-aelvcsW u" uns,oriul na-
ture, nor bpliuve ourselves like em mief to such
As are not of our ouii people; but itre Willing that''
thy nssintance should be cimiiiiuuiculed b> thee
to all men In cimiiiion, unil (li^it lliiy have the en-
ioymenl of ihv l,ent:filalM>»t<>wid upuntheiii.'
4. ^"heii Solomon hud said this and had east
himself upon the gruiind, and wor«hi(iped a loiig
lime, he rose up, and bi>iuglit aaciilices to the
altar; iind when,;he had" fdleil it with iiiiblemish-^
ed'victuiis-, he uiosi evidently diacov.red that :
Cod had viitli ^ilertsure accepted of nil I hat h«
hud sarrifieed to him, for there ciime a fire rnir-
jiing out nf tlic nir, and iiiahed with Violence '
iipiiii theliltuiv ill tlie hi),'ht of all, ami caught
hold of and coiwujiied tlie*iciifice«. Now, when
this divine mipiuruiice wii« seen, the people siip-
poaejil it to lie n diinrtjihtruliiin of tiirti saliode in
the leunile, illi.l u.i-e pbuse.l «ilh it; uiid fell
■2
le leunile, illi.l uei-e phase.! Milh it; ui
iHUUpon tlie j: mum' iiiid uiushipped.
to tU^spiirof any Uiingllint he hiiiTpromiaed for ... ,. . in
the fnture, iji order to their happiness, or su^pict I down iinim tlie jimuiid iiiid ivoishipped I. poll
that it would not rbitie to pass.'' - | which the king bigftii to hW-* »iod, aiill exhort
i. When the kiiTg hud llius discoursed to the , ed. the mullilii.le to do tin. sume.uS'iiow having
multitude, he looked again towanis the. temple, 1 suflicient iudicutioiis ol (iodS luvomrilc .li.posi- .
mill, lifting to) his right hand to the iiiultinide,, lio'ii 1:0 tli.iii; und to piuy tliiil liny iiiigiil aN
he said, " n is not pos'.iide by what ml* can do wavs liiivc •|lii- like iiiiIk uli'.in inmi hiiii, und
to return suflicient thuiiks to tiod for his biiiefils that In- would pee-, rve in tliiin u miiul pure
bestowed ubon thiui, for the Deity stuiiils iji j from ull wii keilness,jiii ii!i;litiiiiisiii»s and reJi-
nidid of notlSng. and is iihove any such reijuilal .-I gious worship, iiml that llrry iiii-ht cnliiiiic 111
but so far as we have been made aiipi ridr, O lhi>/olisi rvuli..n of those precipl- uid.ht.od had
Ixird, to otlisjr aiiimals bv thee, il becomes us to given tin ni li\ M.isi ..liic.iu'^e by mil iiieuns tho ^
bless thy niuicaly, and it 'is iifCessary fur us to re- 1 Hebrew nulioU woiild U,- \m\>\n . mid im.Ued th«
turn thee thanks for what thou hast besiiued tiio»t bl<— .d of idl n:iti.Mis iiiii.ii- airniankmrt.
upon our house, and on tlie Hebrew jieopl-; lor j lie exhuiMl tli.iii iil-o t.. li.; niiinlliil, that by
with what other instrument caii we lit tier up- what in.lliods Ihey, Iftnl Hiiauie I tliiir present.,
pease thee, when thou art angry at us, or nine good ttiiiiifs, by ihf «anie,liMv iin-i preserve,
properly kpreserve thy favor," than with our thi 111 suie'to tUiins. Ik -, anil ai.iKi- lliiin greater,
voice; which, as »vc have it from the air, so do and nioie than tliiy .uiVi at priscnt; f>ir Ihotit
we know that by U>at air it bsci lids npwariis was not sullicieni fiirlliun to ^u;i|Kise they. had
I towards tlM*.] £ I Therefore oiight invselt to ri- I riceiveil lluni.cin account nl" then- |m1y *■■"'
r.^ _ ^1 tt r.r*(t^^.u.. :.. '*i.. ,:...*'.. I ;.'a.._
J bcsei:ch thee, fortheliiiie to come, t() alford us by il limv be hurt.
I whatsoever thou, 'Otioil, hast* powet to btMow ' '.5.' So "when the kfiig hjid >|ioki n thus tolhfi.
■ , he diss«lv4l the r.iu-regation, but i>ol
I post"..., - - J — ,.....,, , — ,. . . .
ten thotisond generations; Do not- thoii tin r«- l.was th;it the teniple did lirst ol nil tuale ol the
lore iail to give us these^lessings. litMl to Im stiiw llJiclinis.'aiid idl ttie lli|iri«,s, with their wiv«^
tt
,. est appear to be with us upuii earth. .\s lA thy- ; days ; ami Iii I lien i'< a; I' d togetlier with all the
'«elt" IM« ehtire" heayens, (iii.l 'lie ,i'iiinen«j1y of :'ne"iipl<;: ' , • j. ; •
ite'Sliiftin that are thertii 1, ii.'t bu? J snv.dl hab^-.| i>. When all il.esc ^oli i.'iirlties «»t?eabundaiilly.
mmmsm^^mmmmmmmmmmmm
,V? 4 Jj'
17U
* ANTfQUITIES OF TUB JtJWiS.
W
y
iiiiiCl) iWrtoi* inU«K">^^ lotlic Ufiii\>\ , tif^lli <>«
account iJtKt ilii ilinttniU liHil not litciviio Ions
bcrturvhiiii^ Kolttcn ri:«dyi itor hod been to iral-
(lUitU |>r<)|>iire(|,an(l QnaCi-'ount (hat tliiii \iat ontjr
a lii«l)i()itian ^fi>r kiiiKi. and not Cir fiud, it wiiii
}on\^^T ill lininlniif;. llowiWri,^h(ii liuiidiiii;; wan
raianl no itiag;|)ilii;cntl}\aa luited the liapp^ ttatr
01' lilt (IvbriHi, and u( tlin king Ih'nrtol but il
n ti<(t'i'iMr^ fliA? I d«u;rib« the «ntirc atriiclurr
iind dikpiMtion ql' tii<> jiArtt, tlist *o Iboir (hikt
liffUi u|iO)i this iKioitVlniiy thereby inalii' a ron-
jri'liit'e, ;iii)d, iia'ii wiir'i liave a' |frQt|ifCt ot 4ti
uiKfniiltMr. •
'; J. 'I'liix hiHine wn* a liirgeanil'riirkiutbuildin);.
and tta» •iqijKirtrdb^ many pillHr^^'ithith fcido-
nioii 'Uiiilt 4u cijitlnin a multitude da brariiif;
(Aiusi's.nri't lakiiiK ^^''iinucc of iiiiiK, It Ha»
Dullkii ntl^cu|in('iiiufi tu <;unluin 11 irrr.ul body ol
nxii, wild would ciiiiie together (u' have <.auw.i>
determliiod, . It waii.a hundred {Mbiti long, and
0% broad, and thi^y high, atiuobrti'd by quad-
raiif^ular pillar*, which were a^ol' CKdar, but it*
root was iKTuiiliiig; to tlin Cnrinlhian order,^
with fuldiuK-jMyors, and lliVir adjoining piliam qf •
rgiinl iiia|;iiitaat','i'ni.'h fluted wah three caxitic^
wmclir bu^diii|< wnii Ht unco tirii), aud very oriia-
!MviituL, I'tieie Wan al<6 "another |]ous>., iio,or
(jWe<t,''thiititi! entire breadth wna^lar<^il in th«
iiiiddli'i it wHH i|iiAdrai)gular, and ita.bri'Adth
\vm tliirty eubitu, h^iiv; a temple nter uf;aiiiii(
il, rained upon tuamtf pillan; lii Khich temple
there w|aii a Iar(;e,«Ad'verj^ (;\a/rlou» room, whi i-<
iu tl)e biiigtat ivjudgniciit, -*r.>> tliis waa )oiiieil
another houte. ,tliaf. was .biiilt fur hia <|iteen
There were other ruialler edificei) tor diet, an<f
for uleepk after public lilattc/^a WCM over, and
these were «ll lloorcd with boards ol c^dar
. ---,. -_.. ^ -, Soiite of thcap^SuloiDon hnilt with iitonet ol ten
Mrao^ laudK; uiid deliver tbi,: teiiiph', nhi4:h j^ubitH. and yyainsooted the walla with othei nloiMa
w«a jtow built, t%he burnt uifd ipoiled by llicir j that were «au^d,and were of grent'taliir, tuch
' eifcnilea; and tiiutWy to bo ulterly uvevthrolyii | afi.Ri'e dug oui^f the earth for the oriiaiiiiult (il
> of Ihnr £ueiuie«: uiin -iiake their teiiinli>,niid tOmukefineproapeiUa in mval pela-
ctii^^iid which make theiiiiiieA wlieme'thiv an
I ' patiaficd, and nothing; waa omiMcd that concrrn-
^ . ( il th« divine worahip, the king ili!inii<acd them ,
'f ^ nnct (hey every one weut to their own homea;
givnjg tnaiika to the king fur the i:nre he Nad ta-
ken t)f Iheni, and .the wo'rka he had d<inc for
ili^m;' nndii^uyiug to (jod to preaerv^ Nitoiiion
to be their king for a long tiiiie. 'I'hey ajau look
their journey itomo with Tejoicing, and 'making
iiierr}',and ainging hymua to Ood: aiid ;nde'eil
the pleaaiire they enjoyed took away ^le aenae
' ol the paiua they all underwent in their journey
home. So when they bud brought (he ; ur| into
the leinjile, and had aeeii ita grealneaa, niid ^hoW
line It v«'a>, and had been uartukera of Ihe/iiiany
tarriiici a that had been uttered, and of the feath
vjla that hud been aoleiUniied, thcv evcrJL uii|e
raturned tolliiir own ciliea. liut uNlrrniu that-
aimeprcd to the king in hia i>leep, inl'orMird liiiiu '
That " l^iod had heard hi:* praverM; and' that hie
Would nut Ally preaervc the temple, but wuulti
ulwuya abide ill it, that ia, in oa^e hia puatecUy
and the whole iiiult)itude would' be rigliteuuV.
And for hinistlf, it.aaid, that if hecontiiiucd ae:
eording to the adiiionitioua bf^hia father,, lie
would ndvunce liim to an iniihenafdegree' of,
ilignityand happineaa.und tlwt then hia p'uKtei'ity
HhnuliI bo kin):if of that country, uf the tribe .of'
Judah, forovir; but that atillii' he alumld'^be
found a betruter of the ordinaiirea of tile law,
und forget tliuni, and turn away to the, worahip
of atrange godii,. be would ful him ulf bv. the
ruota; und would neither itiirer.any reiiiaiiider c^f
'tiia faiiiily to PontfRiie. iior wunid overlook i\\%
, ten^ple of iKrael, or preserve tlieui any loilger
Iruni afllictiona, but fvould utterly destroy tlieiii
ullh teh tliuuaand wars and inislurtuuei; would
raat them out of the land Whlcli he had given
'{Ihcir fulhera, and make them aojo'irrMera iit
'by the^hamla of thatr Enemies: uiin -iiake their
iiiiaeries (U'M rve to be a proverb, and »ii<'li as
aliould very hardly b» crtdited- for tlitir »{«-'
pendoua itiiiKuitu(re,'ti|l their neigliboj^^'iCrien
they ahouhl hear 0(' tliem.ahould .wo»d< r.at iheir
lalumitiea, bii\^ vei^ earnestly inquire fur the uc-
(aaion, why the Hebrews, who hud beVn' ao far
advjiiiced by tiod to audi gfory aud wealth
ahduld be theuaohated by him ^ And tijat the
anawer that aliould be muile by the reiiiaindir of
the people ationld be, by enuft »^ing ili) ir ••iuii!
dug famous. °J\Iow the contexture of tin runout
workmanidiip ^f these (touca w-as in three row*,
b'^it tbe fuurthirow would ixbke oik' iidniire its
sciil|itiirt'8, whereby were repreaetitrd Irttn, and
all i^orta. of planta, with tlic ahades that arufVi*
Irbui their branches, and leaves that buhg down
froiir them. Those trees and" plants covert d (h>
stoiie lb»t waa beneath ihem, and thiir leaVes
were wrought so proiligious tliiu and iiubtile.
and their transgression 'of the laws of thik | tliut you would thiiik they W'ef'e iu motion bat
' I
country . "-^Accordingly, \ve have it Irunsuiilted
to us in writiilgi Ihut tHus did C!oil rfieuk Iu .'<ulu-
mon in'h'i^ sleep. -
CHAl'. V. ' :
Hoin Safomoh Iniill himelfa royal Palurejijrrrii
■ cosily and iptciiJiii; niiitliow hrsnfccdftie lUd-
dletuihichwcrefcnl hint hif Hiram.
J KAt'TER lilt building yf the liiiipU', astn'e
, hate before anid, WU4 Hiiislit d in sivi^ii )ears,.the
king laid'tAc foundation of his palai:e, which he
did nut linisli under thirliren years, fof )ii.' ti^s'
nut equally zealous in the buiUling of. Ibis pajacc
IIS he bad .been about the llibple; fur us to Ihal,
though itjwas A great work, and required ivon-
derful am) surpri'sHig application, y«t tiod^for
ulioiit it was iiiiule, BO far cp-operuteil therewith.
the other part up to tbe roof was plusterrd over,
iiini, cs it Were, eiiibrpidercd With coloia and
piOturtj'S. lie moreover built other edifices for
pleasure ; as uUo very long cloisters, and th'ose
aituule in tm agreeable place 'of the pjilace, and
among theui a must gluriuua diiiiug-ioi in, tor
fe\sthigs aiid compotatlofls, and full ul gohlf aid
auch othef furniture as, so line a rtlpm ought lo
have, lor.« the toiiveniency of tliu gucl*, nvi
'where uU the vexels wir* made of gold '' .V «v
! it is vef)' hanl to reclion uj) tlw iiiagtM||u<b''',aiid
tho v.arit-jjy'of file royut apartments; how iiianv
rogrus there were of the largest sort; how umuj,
oM('big'iie1» inferior to thosi;;«Ad how (iiniiv ftiTt
wei» iiibtcWuiieoiii and invisible; the uiiio'i'
of ll^o;e 4^.it enjTiyed. th(. fresh ajr, luvl 'm
groves of (he iuost delightful prpiiif«i t, lor iin
that It was finished injtlie forrmeniioiicd nHnil«;ri avoiding the 'hiat{:and isivf ring'oi' "irii ii' bodiet,
uf \eari; bat tbC'palace, which »M<i a buihliug j Anil to say all in jjricf, Holomon ii'Tade tli< ubol*
* This liunlion of the I'orhitlilan nr^innichla of n^-^ iler beniir, without dtapiite. miirli litlcr tinin tiie re c i
rhiterliire in i^almiiuira pahire li)>,J<iacpliuii, raeiiiatft iirileriKl. liawev«rvii|Kiii snnictxinl, t.«wirrss I I|,iv<-
he liercactiliiwa "y way ofiiii^lepiii.<for alllionuh it- npX hillic'rlolL.ccna<ie'liillyioitiHlerm«iiilHir -iniclu'.
appears lo uic llinl the Orcfiiili aiuf Kuiiian moat Hn- oftliia iKflnrc of Soloinuii, eillii'r as dcscrilieil in o' r
rlenl orders oi'nrcliilccluro Avre lafcen frtlni liu'umnirs ' l^lrs, iir evofl wilfi ti^s iiddiiioiml help oI'iImh dearru
s,.)'(lil iii.iiiilao''tiou here liyioH'pliiis; only II
teinpl'^na I'runi tl.cir nrichial patterns.
etoar lant tile l.nit and mosforiihrtPijtal order ofthelV
rmtlnau was an nnc ti;pl,*nltho' wliai tfie same Ji>i<e|ilii:s
Mys, of Hie War, it. v, ch. v. su/t. :i, ihai uljeui'ilic
r.iti s,ol' Ihrod's loliiple wac tuillt .iciorilinn to tlierulni
vf ll.iit'oiiUtliiauiir'Jir.l'JlSo way iim«blal''c.(irLl or fl-<u-a,«r ■-':'<i.
reader mm t jsily ot
serve with nie, Hint the measures Of this firfi hulldinir '
iiijoiiephus. one iiuiidrrri .cuhita Ijinciind tifly rubitu
hro«d.kre the very same With, the area of the court of
lh» labiTiinrie of HJoltf. aid juw lialTSn ^gypmu
%
s:/
,»'(,
•t..
'.f
■a-
BODK VIIK-CHAP. VI.
171
buitdinr'mtiriiy ofwhiio itotw. miilci.iliwr-wooil,
and g..w .nil f il> "• »V «'"? Jj''":!!';:* ,''?':^;^!^
4na "mIU Willi >loii< « .. « ifi KoRl. iiixl l).«>ttifi«"
tticiii tli.nt)y in lli0 w-iiit iiiniiiwr ii* lie bml
hfWitirifil tll« UmpI'' ofCod with the like »t(>iic»
, H« «l»o' iim.l« liiiiiMli! » Ihroiic of pruiliKioui.
bi)rn(»< of Ivory. «i>nrtr«i Itil *< » «<at flf JiMt»e,
iiihI linvhiglix .t.'!)* to it; oh 'w^y one )>t whiCIl
•toQil. on each end of the. itiiN two lioiH!. two
other lioiM •tlinding iiliove njso ; hut> nl thfl »lt-
lipW-nlni e of Ih.' throne, haml« iunii- out, iind
fjelived the kriig; iiml \shin he »it hii(kw»r<.).
he rVitttd on hall a hiiHocliilhnl loukeil lo«urd»hi»
bark, hut ^till ull wiii lnrtS'."" |.>;,'.ilierHiHipolil.
3, VVh<n Column hii.l i ihiiihtdt nil Ihiji in
tvVrnty y«ttr» tiiin , h< c aii*c llimin kin^ of Ijr*.
iiair uintribiiUil H urmt il«nl »J ,'o|d, ii\irt more
mlier^o thiK bi)ildiiis», i- bU> <.diir«ooil iniil
.pine-wood, he idso rnvardcd llinim Hilh riih
irt*uit«, *o"> lit ••"' •""' idi" w irl)\ )«iir,
uiiil nin< und ml, «hii h «ern th< |iiliirl| ul Ihtnjct
thut In. Blood IH Ul cd of. bi < oum ii< (nil dut" " »"
itliuid, lui «♦ lu»\e nlriuU.snid' Ahlhij'i'ef
Ihcie, hi griinjed hwii <«rljin i ilica "I t<alil<<.
iwentj 111 nunilM r, tlmt 1 1> not l.ir Irom \ ^ rt
•r«r«i»e th» like fr..in'liitn, but th.l he who could
not nolve them ihMiilil ppy Hi6npy to iim Ihal
did johu thein, nadihat, Hiram aPitptml the Con- -
ditfout; and when, ho wm not at>|« to xdvc tite .
riddhn | uropojedby Siinim<)n.]Jie I>»id " Rre"'
deal of inoniy for hi» fm.-: Imt that hi' lyfterwaril
did lolve the,nropi>«<d rwWl.it bv imamol AU-
dlnion. a rtiVn of Tyrpl nml tha» Hiram protJP'eu
other riddlcB, which, when Snlonion coulil noj
dolve, he paid back n great deal of, money 1^
lliroiii." ' Thit it i» whitsb l>iu» wrote.
%
,.ii>f /<
tUjrifiltr
lhe(ii->«iinitiiinloSiilj>^ll ,i tnul , nil f I'll >
ill llr li^iiii/'Ut mnit lif
,„c,„, . '" 'I <>,ul,l,llflilh"l
the Quern »ft'm>t<"*^ 'J ^ """;'"'
J 1 AoW whin Ihi king ► iw III It the W.»llii nK
J, Jluabni tlood Ml lU.d ..I 1.. Ill-' '"""•»™''"''i
ami mud. utriMiRi . d.ir U< i >< "-'hi ihi w.dN hat
immuimsMd J<Ti.»J.m n.i,.l.t t. ' -rrc^prtiid tu
till iljKiiilv of the <itj,) b. I.I ill ri, me.l them,
„l m«<l." thim hijthii. "rth j.i. it lowtr* ujion
iiiiii iniiiii 111* »» Hijsjii', ...»■. ^.- 11 — *
^entj m-numiHr. that I, -' ^^ '-"■; -, ■ 11;;;;,;,^::;;;;!:;;!:;: H^^liild'SllVl"
which, when Hirim u. nt to. and M.«,d, "nd , I '" "f'" ""l' ",'^|,„',, |,„d „„Uul IhIoiirmI to
did not like the gi... he s, nt won to- .lou-oii. t^i. ^, <M^'^ J ^,,, '^',',;,:;:,'; '.h. Kii, of V^pt
that he ilid not w ..It M,. h 1 itie^ ii» ''■' /*;;; r"^' '^^^^ Hiiflb.M*«.d.t.
and after that tun* tho.o citici. wen . dl. d 1 < \f\<i '" "]'•«" \,\>", ,-. , ,hI „1kii h. h .d lUin all
lamlufCabol. wl.ith n .n,i . i. it b. '''''H''' '•' » »'> '^^ / ■\^' [^^^ it, ami uav.
;lX:;;^tfr:;rt;=K.tr;r.l=rl,:.r:r.;i.„.,..,.^^^
and tret them from the" amtirguity tiiat wu,« in
tliein. Now lo mtgrtrioiii' •mJ HndeMtJttdinBW'in
•loloHion. that mm. ol thtwe pioblim* wne loo
lUird lor h(Hi, but h« tb(iquer.<l ihun iiM b> his
reaioninKH, iiid ilistin»rid lli.ir Md.# inwiO-
inr. and brought <t to light M< mudi i nWo. one
who tralwlatid the I'yiidn arrhii.iioitof tin iliu-
■ . .1 ..f - .. .l.f I^K.aar tail
icct ul till I'hii 111. mils rnto thr
inakeH mmtibii of thise two -- „-•
• M\» thus ".When Abtbidaii was dead, hip*™
Hirain ree*!\ed llu kiivdom In in him, «i|Hil
when ho bad li\cd lilty llirM yiam.WSShod tlilj-
ai- jur ,H(, rn-.d a bank iil tlw «•«< Ji}<«*.
' and dtdieiiud thi g.ddfn pdlttrwrgihis in Jnpi
(en timpl. IK al o«.nt iird fiiCjI.mii in .it
Main ol ilmlitr out of th' nimiiit mi t ill. it, I il"
'^ " '-• ' -Jr I. o oo'i .^li..)) Ill 1> il
jiii.iii'ti 1" .«.,«..«.., ,, . _ -..-J
rebuilt It JH a I ity that wan lUrturidly slrong. MO
■111 Ail be uwfid in wnr«, and the mutatioiw of «f-
|.,u^ tlint noim tiuiti hapn. n Mm ( o\ « r, ht buHl
two other < itiV« not'liif fiom it, II. tli horon wai
the name of one ol th« m. and Haal itli ol the
other Ht alwj biiill oth« r rilie* that l.iy conve.
Ml. nth lor th<«.. in ord.j to the . i.joymeni ot
< mil- pU laures mid iMieai ie« in thtin, kik h 8» were
l.rt.«ltiuiKuag«.f^n«<"™lJv of * K'A'd lemiwrntiirp of the mr. and
k nrt*>Wi.if hi* Hi^^ecaUle for fruiti ri|i« In thur prop, r leawnr.
kings, wii.i. i'p. "f , il" 1, ..„,i „,,»,■ .„,„nr, \in. Solomon
Main ol ilmlitr out of th' nimiiit mi t ill.
liup, forW looN s?T timpln.iiiid i\hO|
pulUd .fc«;i 111. anriclit <• mpU". h» bn
the t< n»iJ* ol lki< id< t -'Ud tliuj ol Asli'i
ho •first li. I'lip III l.mi>U|H^lt*dn<di'
■minfh i'.ritiii'.. h. uU^^BI^k nn < ^
ahd iit-W watered with upriiigi Aii>, fjolomon
w. nt t« f<ir ai( tlu> dt«ert above '<)im, and po»-
I.. «s. d hinixli of It. mid bmU. llii r» u vcrj-great
I 111, whit n «n« .'i«t .nt two ihij*' jourmy from
\ iiiior Siria. ami one daj's joit'ii. \ from bu-
plirjt.i, mill Ml I""!? d.i)s' ioiirii,\ Irom Baby-
• li.iith. K""' '• Now.th. 1.1.1 iii«li) this.ilj lay
so ruiioi. Ill 111 the pnti. ol ^)ii > ili "t are inha-
botVilMiiU biled IS thi< il,atb.h.« tli.i. „no w.Ur to be
,li,rt. iM.I I h id. iirtd Jl. .1 \t »• Ml 'hi't pi .c only that there
- - I 1 . .1 . ... .. .4. M w hi II lilt hnd.
ho 'firat li. l' lip I II t.ui
itlonth r.ritiiH. h. ul
against th«. I ii< l.ii lu
their tribute, and Mil.
Iiimsilf lit ritutfitd t ni'
was Abd« uion, a UTj \ out.j
lon(|uered the difli. ult |
robfn
.( vfii th.
. .jlffllll II
i^d ii'.,l.,JM\
iKilufd Ih.ui ill
111 km;;. t1i. 11
ii;« , who hIu i\-
Imh *> >1' hn>u
kingofJ«ru*il<rii, i oiiini.iuiit t hilK) tjiiVI 1 ■ n
X)\u» alio nuk.K mention ot luiu, Wher. ht «'**
thus, ""\\h.n Abibjlin «i>. d.ml, hit s. ii Hi
ram reign, il He rji'*. d th. .i-tirn i irii "'
the nt^ higher, and mii.l. the tilv it.h l",.'i'
lie alio ittucil the ttmplc of Jupjttt, «lii h ">
for. stood IQ- UmU, toth. iit\,l« mi-wv ' l""k
in tji. ll)ldlll^ liftw.tn tliim. and he iiili.iini' i
wilh-^loiianoinof guld|ifMorc»egi:i. «<iit ii|
t(i mimiit I ibimi- luulcnl -down niultr
wood loi tlu liiiildiiit bl tlii teiiipk*' 1
-
' 1
I:
aUo, tluit ''I )l nil >n. who H.n ihtii king ' I '*•
rusal.iii. "int in'iUnio Ikimiti, .ind ^k^ii.il I)
^HHlJ^Kixflihrniion oft' eiiniim/'iM'-rto/iaptwn""''*
Iriic IfcTl wli.it Jo«i)liim-iiM'». nriMiillv Hiiil no /m^
tt t suOf ml» cAtlr'l Ptinrnuk lifter S'lomvli'i tallier
n )Mllfflao<i<linr<ll> iiao to mr ...fd -.vil I'll li ivoloiiE
rf.>»T«, y Kiiiti .Ul. -■•» J. r xliv I), K •.III. - Ific fre
■oMCiit ^l^IltlOll ol Hill iia1iiP/'/MrTO(iirttl.epro|>li. II*.
TT , 1..... i....id.ii in IkiH ..4c'i. hiieet II to the
»l>rii),4jiid pill ol "■•••r ^^ht,ll he had,
Ih. rilort 111 lit tl.n <it\. iiid rmompaxed it
,Mll. ^•'l^ -11""^ «'''■• '" «"•■ '' th. name of
KiUi.i.ii, .Old thut Js the mm » 'it is rall.d by at
till* flu .uiHiii;? th< ^^rii^iif but th. tiritiijo
nattu n I'uliiura
!» ,Ni « s.liMiiyn ill. Iiiiir, n t till., time cn-
eu.'. d in bud 1)M„ the 1<; i ol »l any in-
iliHre tthj idl ill, km. ..I Ijjipl lroiivMen.1,
,vb.. ImiVl M. iiJtlM*. •«"' ""ti.ii'in ,Y.ir.,.arl;*r
Ihiii 00? I.rkl#ltr Alinliam, until Solomon, ''
whirelhiiht.rA.l w.n nioi. Ih»n .iiie tboiwtind
thrte hMlu'\ ^. .f. "!!• ' '»•'' ,' ''"a';''-' ""J
took It fnS« 1)11. Iliii hill .1 liMdnlUr the kings
,il that ml," d.,1 think it uir.'.i.iir) to inform
ilum III II. Ill ..'.1. 1 I . I orv Ihur i„iiorJiit<. «no ^
ri 1. ol 1 An mnl , tfi, o, ,-\ »i t Hi it mu"' manifest
II, Ml. I'll. mil III III. I vptiin tinjriK. iignitied a»
I
•I'
A If. '
11 lIlK
■ bill I -Jlpj
liovi III. ir < >
111 lli.^)
till \ W> I' ""' "J Other^
^).l bill wli.ii tli«\ we're
Kitira^nlinrnliriirii r, I i tli. iinmMifllniiUinRel
afciHVillfwIi'"" ^'f iii>« w'O'iitfH.il 01 •nil I
OgfteJV*"' ^o ^*' "*' •'"'wlxf' iif),i"("^l<'n>Uj
"* .(.\/..IJHnlu/iiioHl,w.M'li'"<>l' "Am>nWv4
It .HUM I.. . . .If. «it III .1 I ' re nmf-^erl ,. we lnivC.-
m.m iiin.! il ( - 111 I* I'V i', -H>>'"*. """ ''',•■?? [f '"""il?
lilt kiii!.'» of IwyH' »"'• '•'""* M"eeti.oT ►RyPJ»*"
Ktiiiopm wwin • -•'::nir.::'v„''fr.A'j::':irJ.^„X
X-lJirrnhu .ii«llV Ktl.lOl.mwhm.lte*..pp««M^,6«ve^<>,neIO«C^W^
J eTrOf \he \\C b A . h "iVl. 4r.lK.akUf \c.i}.aO, , mou, than «Ii.i»tinv w l.er« <>-tw In all hii ^nHqtHHtf
'. V .«. ... . -« . \l
'■ i
^a-
1,
In*'
m
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEW8.
hf
luiiiie kiiin, (licy chia|;ed them into the Dtma
which in liieit own tonj^uc denoted their aiMhori-
Ijr; Ibr Ihun it wbi (Imi «|iat the hingi a/ Atex-
, Itodria, who were ralltd (oriiierly by other ntiiiei,
when tlicy took the kinriluiii, were named Flole-
mici, from their firtt king, The Roman cmpa-
rom alio were fronf their nativity called by other
SBan(«i. but are all ttyled Cnun, their empire
and their dignity iiiipoung that name uimn them,
t^nd not (ufferin^ them to continue in thoM
nanici which thiir fathrra enw iheiii. I lup-
pOM< alio that Herodptu* of Hiilicuriiainus, when
ha raid there were three^undrcul and thirty kingii
of Egypt after Menei. who built Memphli, did
Iherebirn not ti II u> thfir naiiira, hccuuie they
were in coinmun called Pharaohi; for when after
their death there waa a queen reignedi h« calU
her by her iiaine Nicaulc. us thereby declaring,
that wtiile the kinga were of th« iiinle line, and
io admitted of the same n'anie. while a woman
did not admit the aaiiie, he did therefore aet
down that her name which she could not natural-
ly hsive. . A» for iiiytelf, I have iliBcuvcred from
our own booka, that^ftcr I'haraoh, the father-in-
jawof Solomon, no Qthcr king of Kgypt did any
longerui^ that name; and that it waa after that
tune wlien the I'urenuntioned qiicen of Egypt
and Ethiopia came to Solumon, concerning' wTioiii
we iillall inform the reader presently; but I have
now made nienti«iti'of these thing., that I may
prove that our booka and thoae of the Egyptians
agree together in iiiany thinga.
3. Uut king Solomon subdued to himself the
remnant of the Cauaanites that had not before
aubin>tt«d to hini! thos)! I- mean that dwell in
mount Lebanein, and'aa far as the. city of Ha-
• math; and ordered them to pay tribute. He
' 1 also oho<e out of them every year'siich as were
to s«rve him in the meanest offices, and to do his
domestic works, and to follow husbandry; for
^ none ol the Hebrews were servants [in such low
' employments;] npcwas it reasonable, tliat when
.,' God 4iad brought «o many nations under th«ir
X. power, they ilmuld depress their own people to
^- such mean olJicei of lite, ritlier than those na-
tions: while all the Iiraetitin. were concerned in
warlike atfliirs, aiid were iii armor; and were'
■ «fet over the chariots and.the bories, ratlier than
•eading the life bfsliives. He appointed 'also five
hundred and fifty rulera over those Canaaiiitet
who were reduced to such domrstic slavery, who
• received the entire, Care of thrhi from the kiiigi
and instrilcted them in those labors and opera-
tions wherein be wanted their assistance.
4. Moreover, the king built many ships in the
> *'Bypti»«. Bay of the ftcd gea, in a certain plure
. oail^ Kziaii>Geber: it is now called Berenice,
and i^ not fai< from the eity of Eloth. Tliis Coun-
try beloDged formerly tt> the Jcwi; and became
\ utefal for shippint, froni the donations of Hiruin
kjnj; of. Tyre; for be'seiit a sufficient number of
j^en thittier for. pilbts, and «uch as were skilful
■ cv„ .,
•Vt V-'
d«y abnndl, induced her to come to him" sh*
being dcsiroui to he sMisCed by her own e«ne.
nence, and pot by a bare hearing; (for report*
tbui heard are likely enough to comply with a
false opinion, while thevWholly depend on the
credit o( the rtlalers.) ao^e^rcsolved to ronie
to him, and that especially in ordtir to have a
trial of hia wisdoui, while she proposed nues-
tiopi ol very great difficulty, inif'lntceated that
be would solve their hidden meaning, Accottl-
ingly she came to Jeruralem with great splen-
dor, and rich furniture; for she brought Wuh
her camels laden with gold, With »ev. ral sotU
of sweet spices, and with precious stones. 3Vo* ,
upon the king'i kind reception of her, he both
showed « great di^ire to please her, and easily
comprehending in Mi* mind the meaning of th'e
curious queitioni^she propounded to him, he n-
solved them sooner than any liody coWld have
exntcted. So she was aniaied at the wiailpm ol
bolomon, and discovered that it was more excel,
lent U|)on trial than what she had heani by ri -
port beforehand; and espcciallv she waa^urpris-
ed at the fineness and lat^encaaof his royafiNi-
lai>e, and4iot less at the good order of the aptfrt-
intii<Si for^she observed jhat the kinghaid therein
showugrcnt wisdom; but ibe was beyond mea-
»ure astonished at the house which was called
the forest of Lebanon, as also at the iiiagniti-
cencc of his daily table, and the circumstances
of its pre(mration and yjiniatration, «wth the ap-
,pa»elofhiBservanUtlmt W)iited, and the skilful
Tend decent management of their attendance: nOr
was she less affected with those daily aacwficei
which were offered to God, and the careful ma-
nagement which the priests and Levite* used
about them. When she saw thi< done every day,
«hc was in the greatest admiration imaginable, in-
somuch titat she was not able to contain the lur-
prisc she was in, bpt openly confessed how won-
derfully »Iie waa affected : ior'ahe proceeded to
, j''.»^'''S»%n. itOTWhOin SbJomoiJghVe this com
i^ilMiib thaj they should go atoiis Ivith his own
Btewardi to thel«ndlhaY»ira«.of lold cniled Ophir,
...l^lit n6tif> the Ailfea C'hersoncsus, -which belongs
: ; to llfi4i*, to fetch him gokl. Arid «vh*n-they. h«d
• gathered ICHir^iiadred talents together, they rei
v.turned to thftkJngngaih; •..;:, ,,■.;..
', '-S' There 1^(4 theif a woman queeii o^ Egypt
tfrdEchiopia;* she waa intjuisitive Wo phil6»o-
.. lihyV-nniAOflci that on other accoiiiKJaUo wV* tO
■ tie rtdipir*^. When^Ws ()iieen heard CT th« vjr-j
• _'.lue and pciidyhce' of .Splodion, she lind a" great'
..niiiiiHo»e<^lr)(ii, and ^e j'i>iiort» that went cvei'y
-■* , •.TIi«t>lt'i»0Veiipf^he1«i waaflqiieeiiwts^'tmttin
.■tiitilli Arabia, and not of Kgypt aiid Klhiopfa, irajose-
.^pliua ii«r|;.i(Bnirt«, t«, I »uji|io«ey.jiftw »encr.iliy^|»rceil.
, Aoilliiiccg^a )* well-luiowR tohcarauiilr]l4ear.fli<!i
■ :, aeala tlic«iatKoP«i5jliia Fcit»-, wliteb ln>- south rrtjml
• j^Ji'tdea also; triil ainrc iiiir"S^VifiHr;fnlla'tJy» <jtiBo^A«
rarUefUteartk, Whtl. iif. 4'.';.l.|ike x(. ;tri WWcli de-
— B iM n t l on i a ««« i« h a llM H a 'thl il Ar a ha tli o if M S K . «> . i ««it
\
.crtpt i op * um u >muiu^ (^^ab^f^^at^^^iitA^iii^
~---rr-j — -.•• — ——«-.-«. sui BMC iiKut^vcucu lo
discourse with the king, and thereby owned that
shi* was overcome iVith admiration Mjllie i'„„<'i
before related ; and said, r All things, ind< ti!, O
king, that came to our knowledge by iVport.came
with uncertainty as to bur belief of tiiem; but
as to those good thimjs that to thee apbertain,
both such as thou" thyself poisessest, I mean
Wisdom and prudence, and the happiness thou
hast from tl^y kingdom, certainly the fiiiue (f^t
came to ua was no fabity ; if was not only a ttfte^
report, but it related thy happiness ^ter a much^'*
lower manner than I now <*< it to be l)efore my
eyis. fori as for the'/*>.ori , ,t onlj tiifjfin^cd to
prrsViadepuv hiaringybul did uotsu makelinown
tJie dignity of the thinj^a themselves a* '«<*« the
sight of tneiii, mid tiein^ present uw ,iig jhein.
I indeed, who did not bcl^^ve uh»< na«reiiortcd,
by reason of the multitude and K>'HndeuT of th<
thiiijgs I in<|u|red about, do see them to be much
motie iiuiiwroiia thaif they were reported to kr
Accordingly, I (esteem the Hebrew people, as
««ll as tliy servants and fr'i^ds, to be happy,
who enjoy thy presence, and hear thy wisdom
fvei-y day 'Continually. Ojie Would therefore
bleri' God who hat^ so loved this countrv-, and
.those tbalt, inhabit therein, as to make thee kine '
, over flienr." _ ^ ^
^..6. Kow iVhen the quef H had thus demonstrated
iBS^otiU how deeply the king had affected her,
her dispotjtloh was known by (>rrfinn priaents,
far she gpve.h^ni twenty' talonlji <>( gold, and an
immense quantity of. spices, and ptecigut siijntf,
(They say also thpt Wt' j><>»s<.»5 flji rpbtuflhat
biijifamf. which our couiUrV ^iiWbp^rs by this ^o
EiliiO|>ia;, lVer«ia lltHc occfon for d'eubUnc in thia
.uiatter, . ,' ■■ _.-'-; -'.
fSomc Hniiii'X»»cph«s for aupposinir, tlwt tliohal
|>ani tree miehtjiefii^l l>fan|1ito«t of Afnln.!, or EStypl.
or Elliiupiji, intO' Juilea,-iiy HVi» queen of ai.cliaTShire
'MKCr^llUive snid that otoW. no rodniry boro Hits nr>
Tiotw IwHsani lint Judca; yet it is notoriously lal*i (iwi
•¥'•1'?'*'*' »■♦,» peculinr to Jufh-R, (pr both Rtyut jntt
Awltt.MlU lwmK:umnyetba-a bad Iti which far "
*
ol
11^
-^M^
1i-. ■( , o
V>
\-
J'
' .- ■ .. •'
^
mi, iha
a exp«.
-i**.
report*
with M _,.
on th* '
rnuia
have a
i i|ue>-
eil that .
iccoru-
■pleit-
( With
ll KotU \
3Vo*.-\
• I
le botli v^
1 rnnily,-.
\ ^^
of the \
\
be «!• \ ■
\-
have
tpin of
excel-
by ri-
■ V
urpria-
■ \ ■
apA-t-
■herein
Hica-
callrd
;■ ..'.
agnifi- ,
!'■' :-
he ap.
tkillul
■ - * ' " ■
e: iiOr
■, ^ ' .
rrifu e^
ul ma-
iue<l
TTUay,
lie, in.
e fur<
A '■ ' .."■
r won-
ted to
^ ■'":"
H tliiit
;..■-■-:.
t'nii<;i
•'
c.'.b
.came
' ^'•.
i; but
^■- -v •
frtain.
"i' '' ' '
mean
1 Ibou
[
e tjjat
a true
mMcb \
- "■
re inv '
itecl t'o
^H,.:
'nowii '
m the
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iheii).
>r(cd.
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ilimi
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u^
BOOK
vni.-
-CHAP
Man> eift.) Solomon al«o repaid her with mnny
C^iiod tnini^, and prinriiwlly by liealowin); u|ion
her what (he rhoae of Hrr oni) lnn|innlion. fur
Ihire WA« mUhinfr that phr deii^yrd wbichhe de-
nied her; and «• hr wni very K<'nrmut and libe-
ral in hi* own 4rinpcr, lo did be ahow the great-
ntiii of hi* loul in beat^winf^ on her what ifae
heraelf detirwl of him. So when thii queen of
tllhiopia had obtained what we have already
l^ivrii an arnoiint of, and had HKilin roniniunica-
t«d to the kill); what ahe bruiight With her, ahe
returned loh«rown kiiigdoiuv
•.':^. '■'■';■; ■■ciiAP..,vii. ■.:/'■■* '-.
How Soloinon grtm rieh, and fell dtsptnlely iM
iovtmlhWomtttiandhouGod.bfinfinctnst^
af it;rniitil i$p Adir. and Jtroboafn, againtt
• htm. Conetrninf tht Dtalh of Sohniott.
^ I. ^BpuT IhecMnie time there iirere 4>rou^ht
to the kine froAi the Anrea CherionMiia, a coon-
(r) »o railed^, prtcioua itoneii,and piiie-lreea; and
173
around the"* nriKhborini^ rounlriea,'' which pr>
claimed thevirtue and wiadoni of >i>I'>hioii, into- ,
much that nU tlib king* i-very whi're wiTe <lrti> '
roua to aee him, a* not Kivinf; or^dtt to wliiit waf
reported, on aciount of ita lieinf; aliiiuai incredi-
ble; Ihey alao demonalraled the regard they had .
fur him, by the preaenta thry made him; lot
they lent him veaaela of gold, and ailver, am
purple Karmenta, and .many iorti: of •jiicep, and '
horarn, and chariota, and at many mulia fur hit
carriagea aa they could tind proper tu pleaae th«T
kincVeycf, by their itrengtb and beauty. Thii
•dmlion that he made to thoae chariota and
hortea which he had before from theae that wcrir
tent him, augmented the nuliiber of hit chariuta
by above four hundred, for he had • thouaand
before,' and augmented the nuiuber of hit lioritt
by two thouaand, for he had twenty thoutand
before. Theke hprtet alio were to much exer-
cited, in order .to their making a fine appear
iince; and running twiftly, that no othera could
upon the conipHriwn, appear either finer or
Iheae treea he made use of fur iiupporting 4hei awifter; but thiy were at once the moat beauti-
\
temple and the palace, aa »Uo for the matcriiil:< of
OiUiical invtrunientt, the hnrpi and the paallerira,
that the I^-vitrt might make uae of Ihetu-M their
hymna to Upd. The Wood which wna Imiug^io
him nt thia lime wna larger and finer than tilQ-
thal had ever been brought liefo|«; but let iiu
one iniaj^ne that theae pine-treea were like thciae
which are now to named, and which lalw tbnt
their denomination from the inerchanlai^^o ao
call (hem, that they may procure them to be adr
■Hired .by thuae that purchaae them; for thoie
we ({leak of were to the tight like the wood of
the fig'trttp, but were whiter and mure ahinih||i
Now we hi|4e aaid thui much, that iiuhddy 'iniay
be Ignorant of the difference between thete 'urta
6i wood, nor unaiquainted with the iijttureuf tliq
genuine pinc-trx , nnd we thought it built ii aeu-
aunable and hiiinane thing when we iiieiitioned
it, 4nd the utet the king maite of it, to ^xjdain
thi4 dillertrtce no f.ir aa yic have tlpne. v '
'2. J^ow the weight of gold that wna brought
hitn Was ai\ hundred and tlxty-hix talenls nut
Kicluxliiig in thnt auiii what wii« brulight by the
mer^haiki^. nor what the tup!«rcha ^niid kings of
Arabia gn\e hini in preaenia. He aljiocaat two
hundred targets of gold, foch of thenvAycigliiiig
atkhundred ihekel«. ile al^iu niadn three hun-
dred thielifa, every one weighinx three pu^'nda
6f gold, and h« had tnein carried and put i4lto
thnf house whidi was called the forcst'of Ltba-
ntibi- He alio made cups pf gold, and of [fiiV-
ciuutj stones for the entertdnment of hia autsta,
and "had them adorned in the most artificial man-
ner; and he contrived that all his qthei^furoiture
ful of all others, and their swiftness was incum'
parable alsri> ,'J'hpir riders nisu were a further
oniament tblhtni, being in the first pbice young
men in the moat delightfill flower of their age
and, being eminent fur their largeneasV and lar
luHfr'thnn nlhe^ iiieit; They hatri^lau verv lOUK
heads Vif hnli" hanging (|uwn, and were clothed
in garments of I'tpiui purple. "They had aliio
djist of gold every day apfinkled on their hair,
so that their heads sparkled with the reflectioit
of the auiibrMHa from the gold. The king him-
self fode upon % chariot in the midst uf these
men,, who Were still in armor, ami ha'd their
bows fitted to' thenV Me bad on a white gar-
ment, and. used tu take hia progress out of the '
city In the morning.' There wm.h a certain plAce
about fifrv furlongs distalit frum Jcriisuleirt^ which
is called "Kthinn ;• vcrjr pleasant it i* in (jrlie gar- •
dena, and abounding in rivulelsof water; thither
did he us<a t» go out in the morning, silting on
high fin bis chariot.] ,
4. Now Siilciniuii had diviiiel sagacity ih^all
tFling*« and wna very dili|!;ent anil studious to
liave thin(;s dune after an ilrgnnt iiinnner: ao bc^
did iH>t neglect the «are of the ways, but he laid
i\ causeway of blank stone aluAg the rund thnt
led to Jeriisiilem, whirh was itiu royal cily, bulb
to render thein easy fur travt j1era,'and tu niani-
f<'<l the grandeur nf \\\* riches and government-^ ^
lio( also parted hi^ chariot^, and set them ill's '
regular order, that a certain number of them
ahiiuld be in every city, still.keeping n few about
him; and those cities he called the ciViVi nf At*.
fhnriott. And the king made silver so plentku'
of vessels should be of gold, fdr there waspo-iJin .Irriisalein at st6nes.;iii th'e sfree.l*; and tu iii'ul- ,*-
thing theitfo be sold or bought for'silvei', for the I tiplied cedar-trees in tho. plains of Judea, vvhicb>^
king bad many'thips which lay upon iheVe^pf ' <lid h'lt grow there befure^tbat they were likeitbe'
Ta^Qs; fh{S« he coqiinanded to carry out nil. ! inulliluueof oonniion sycamore-trees. He also,'
sorts of merihanditie unto thi>, remotest nations, i ordained the Kgyptiap |iiercJiants that brought ,
by the sale of Which silver and gold were brought | him their merchandise to sell him a c.h«riot, with
to ^he king, and, f]~gr«at uunnfity oi fxon, and \'^ pair of hursia, fur six hundred dracPiiie of sil- '
|>|;hiopi»ni, and ap^V find they '^nished their vVr, and he sent thfvm to t]ie kings of Syna,..and
voyage, going and returning, in threeyears* time
3,-' Accordingly, there went, a grent fame all
that very r«untry wheiice Jaa«phua;ir u'nderttooit not
of jBthiapia fait of Artbia, Intiniatea'tliia queen luiiclit
bring UnrXinio Judei^ Nor are Wo toauppoaa that
the queen or^6ab•^ couM «rell <vnit'alic|rik'bre*ntaa
ilila ital(am;lfiie noliM he ksteouied Wf Si^obiyn^in
rate It were tlien aUnuai peculiar to her owii cdutiUju
Mor la tlie mcntion,'4if balntor lialsant,aa carrlePSf
"Mscrhanta, aiiit aem as a present out of |iidcahyjii-
e«l),ta the (pvenrnf of t'typt, Cen, xixv'ii. $>; and
iIUL Yl, to he allexedUo'lhe contrary, since what we
lliert render^afsi. or fci/«in, denoins rather lliat (jtrpra- ; ^tt itill cxiant, as Mr. MauBil^etl i|ifpfiM ua, p. 8< , eSiy
imr whtcl) we now l^alWur/ientinati/CAia, or CV/>r«ii, ,-.!»,..
tbejukw Mlti« lurpeninic tree, tlian this precibi'ia hul-
Mnf. ThM l4at is also the same vvonltiinllwe else-
where tender by thaaniiie mistake talm af ni/(l'iii; it
should k» rendered tl'a (arsrattxs of tiilit4» Jer,
» i H - j 8, ^ . — . -'•', . • —~
to those kings that were beyond F.uphratcs.
5. But although Solomoy was becMiie the uioA
H
^ * Wiietlier thescflne tardent and rivulctt of Biham,
almut six.iiiilesfroin Jerutalein, wliilhlcr Holouiun r'ode
so often bi slntc, be not thdte>ailuded io'ErrleiMi. 3,A,
where lie ^ys, "lle'hiadc hjni nardenf iind orrjianta*'
nTAI planii'd trees in thvm of All kind offlrttllt, lie inada
him pimli^ (if Xv.'ilrr, to wiitur llie wood that liiuineih
forth trees:" onil lutheflneat part wlir|^riie seems t«-
allude, when, in the faiitiilrs, he roinpar^ bi«.t|iouac
10 a "jiardcn emlosci," to n ;• ipriiic t)iut up," fo «
fountain sealed,'' rli, iv. I:!, (part of. whirh fouptain*
«rb Itill extant, at Mr. MauBd^etl ipfp^ ua, p. 87, IT
cannot now lie tertninly detietminedl^' ■"■f **'y
probably hf ro'derturcd..' pt wh0th»r thh. £fitaaa,
bfis any r.eln<ioi». to'llioae rintri tf Btkti^. whieh '
Prdvidenrq.ome dried up In ■ miraculODs aiasnari-
FWlaii Ixyilr. iS, afiU in ths ecpisagl^l, 1 ciasnt
! «« > ■ ■.. • • ■' ■■ • ■ ' — ^i- < t '^V'
/ I
- ),
\:'
.,.!
..lIZ'-':: ±
, f .
:-\
■■-,■: ..vU
•:|
■ f
,l
■■■ ',-'■ * '
.^v^t^l
Vt
9 .
J74 ^ ' AJNtlQUlTlM Qf THE JPVIfi|4^
>kriaut«r kH)to%ml lh« bfit UlotMl <rf 0<x>. t »*•«' Irrmllt •'♦ilifoSn.fiirf, ii|k«(i lUrt flliAit{^ nf at
%d <i«mI *«eri'iUd <n wimJoih dihI rji lif« Ihini' | ino^l ■(! itinl liHp|iiiir*» wWth tawl iwwif Kt|n «.j
tb»i hiwi b«< n rul' rt n^ ihr JUUn «»» •w.'turc hiHi, '
Mt rfld Jmi lutl inrncviirc ui ftiM lia|>i>jf *UI(- <»H
M dmt ^'l']>^ l>* r»r»i>ok Uic ubtfrvKltou of tfi^
tiMjr.ef lilt UiWfi, •rikl cain* to ai< eml uun»jr
MitttH* (o ii'*X, (i^n-ginuf( hittury nf liim. ttV
grcf* mxl in hin Unt of wotiirn, ami liild no rt>
«lrniin on hin»cl( in kt* luU. dqf WfM 1l)) Miti-
Dctl wilh |b» wonirii i>f Jtr* toimtr^^ '*'t)^i '"''
bti uitti'ricd niiinr vnvi>i «<tt ot <<'rrici^^l|eu».
SidaniMDi, apd . I^ritnk, aiMi AiiiitKinHir^On"
KiftilmXM, and hA lrHnv|(f«tWHit) lhc>lu*i^<if Mtf*
•^i, ttiii(.U forbntl* J«Wt io (uarrv anj btil lliom
bi ailntlrtd. into iii »Mi K atnlr, mir had tixf*
intK'li tiriir pawird a4irr lJi« (>rii|>h<-l Uail toNliitd
what wavcMiiiilK, bomn.' (iixl rnitrd ii|> un me
my aKwiD»t liini, wmmr iiiiw« Viat Ad<r, nho
took tlir riiltitwiUB occaitmii-orhi* tniiiUy to tuin
tic wat a rliiM <it llic 4ilorkf>f lh« tJlomUrt, and
of Ihc blood roia): and whim ioali, |li« capltin
ot Dayid'l h<i«l|, lam waiti> the >|iu) ot Kidoin, and
diMroyid all (hal wrrv KK'O gr«wn, and utile to
brar arnit, fur fia uiontlit' <iin«, (bi> ifadail <lcd
away, and cam* to t'haraolt (lt« kinit of l''l(ytrt>
who rrrvitvil him krtidl^. and aui|i;ii<-d hiiu a
^lilatu dwell in. and « c^ttnlfy lo DumiU hini
ihip thur «o(ls, wnicn nr/im to tar gran- wJHkd ■ and when l|« wn« HT(»wn op, h* lovrd
' 6catl<m of hi< wivo^aijd mit i>f kit adrciiOn fet hMj^c/i-ilnigl), uuomiucIj that hi' n«*e hini hia
that WK'i:*' u*' 1hf,ir own oeofSUi 11« b1»o tugaa
lo wonhip thrir ifoHii, ivtiirh hr/lid tolkr graU'
Iheqi. 'I'bU ri'ry tWng oii^ If jfiilator tutprf t«38 j wifc^ <rf*tPr, wCone ir»n»' wa» TshjwnM, lo wiff
and •» %tlnioni«htd ui b«lor«1»««d, Hiat w«> ihourd . bv whwn he had a aun, who w«» WoiiKht up wii
not marry women of oth«r rounlrirJy<kl w* the kiny'« rhildren. ^Wh*N HaMad henrd _
, who
ihould be rntangU.il with fort^ii ciliShit, bm\
•potlalixa from ou^oWu; lr>twr uMbjanllraitMifl
to honor oiir own God, and nhouht worab>|i thrir
goda. liul Solomon wua fallrn htadtotif; iiiti,) tin-
anaaonable plraaucta, and riKafdt'd not lliMf ud-
'^iponltioiia. Kor when he had iiiarrird at'ren -hun-
dnid wive«|* the daughtrra of pniuta, and orno-
inant ptraona, ami tlir<>« hundr<'d i onrubiiira, *(hI
thear bcaidra Ihr kingf of KKyuCii duu^litrr, he
aoon we* Kovvrntd by the in till hi' taiiitt to imi-
tate Iheir pr»( iumt. H«< Wha furcfd to elve thenV
this dtmonairation of hta ktndnraa ami ntUntuni
to thriiir to livv arrordiiip tii Ok* lawi of th<i(
countriva. And iia Invf^rfW ititu ytat*. and hia
reaaon brcaine nriikrr.tiy Irli^lU uf tiiiii', lt>wB<i
net tufBclrnt to rrrall to bla itmid th(' iiistiluli»ii<
of hia own ruuiilryi ao hr ^u\^ niort niul iiion'
' <;ottleniDcd hia own (lod, und (ontiiiiKd to rtgnrd
,ttt« l^oda thai his nmrfiMp • bad iiilrodnci-il nut ,
^forn thia happened, lie Rjnu«d, and li If iiilo an
rti(iif iibout (hi oba< rvation of Ilic law, when hr
made tlie minxes of brazrii oxen that aiippurlid,
the brazen a< a,\ and the iniugea of bona iihout
hia own throne, for Iheac he made, Hlthiioji^h it
waa not H|;rrrjit)le to piety ao to do; and tbii he
did, Aotwrlhitanding Ihat'hr had his fathir t» a
mokt aii-t^knt uid donieatir pMtern of \irtU4-,
and ' W awili t hat a glorious chararter he hud left
bchintl ^Hhii, btcaufi! of his piely lowarda (iod,
nor did h^ iiitilate l)a\ id, althoii);)! Co<l had twice
appeared lo hiia in hia alci p, and exhorted htm
to inntaU- Ms l%tlitr; ro he ditd inglurioiisr} .
There ranK' therefore a prophet lo him, who wni
sent from (Jod, and told bun, that "his waked ac-,
< }lona Acre not ronrcided fiom <>ud, and Ihreat-
.me?) I^ini that he should not lune rijuirr in nhat
'lie had ^one:. that indeed tli< kinfcdom ihould
not be #ken from h'm while he uua alive, be-
"icauac (tod had promiacd to his father Datid that
he v^uhi niuki h|iii his aiirreaanr, but that he
Wuld 'tiike rare that this ahnnid b( fall hia son
when he wn4 dead; not ih^t he nould withdraiv
alt the piopje fruitr hini, but that hi ivonld^fift
ten tribi s tu^ arnunt of biM, nml Iciive imK tno
tribes to Uavid's e;rands<in, fur hia makv, ba.) »n«e
be loved Ood, amrfur the a.ike ol the < ity ofJe-
rtisaleni, Khereiii he wouhl hive a temple."
6. When Sohmion hcttrl thia, he wiia giiexrd
• Jhcae seven hi^di/tl irivesi or the daiiclitcrs of
great men, ami tl||s'ii1lreo luimlred roiiriihines, II'C
aa(M|taUM« of tlH' icnoble, (IMk« one Ihouaaiid in all; and
■1^, I siippoar, those verr one t)ioii«aiid u-vmeii intl
mated e>l)ew^cre Ujr foloinou It^ni'O'lt, whci rr apenks
ofhisiiot lioviui; found one [ir6od]noniuu aiitoiigilint
Wtfyniiniier. I>rliis vii.'.K
tJow'jitiiiB n lierji' rertiiinly loo severe uponi'ala
mon, wlio m |iii|kii(( the rrieriilHniB,Biid these twelve
^Vlneh oxlm, sef^us to h&\-e iIoims iionmre tlmii iinilnle
IbVpaiteriiK hit lifm l>v Dnviil, tvliini uere n'l civrn
Itavid by Uivine itiaiiiratian, t-re my ])i m-niiliwii of
tile temples,^ rhnp. a. \ud allliouiih (iod (inve no
direetion for tl r lloiis thai nilornrrf his Hiroiie, yet
4tmni|l S^DtoimXi seem Iherelii to hfve hrnken nny law
ih
m ,
K.gypt tTint both David and Jaab were dead, he
(eaiue to i'haraoh, and (lesir«d tlHit- be Would
l>enuit hmi ((> fa tn hit own ri<4i»try- Upon
whirh the ktnr asked what il «v»s that he wanted,
and what harriahipa t^ liad iitel with, that he was
so desirous lo tca«rc htm t And whi n he was of'
(eb irnublesoniti to hioli, and entreated hiin to
diainiM him, hr did noi thtu do it, but at th*
time when Solonutfl's affairs brg;an to ((tow
worse.) on aieount ivf his fureinenti<<ned trans.
KTes'iiona, und (iuil'a anver SKainat mm tor' the
same, liBilad, by I'haraok's pernusaion, came to
Kduin. ami when he waa not able to make the
|H>opl< fiirsakc Solomori, for it was k< pt under by
many gnrriMnia, and all initniatinn was not lt> b*
made wilb iaft-ty, he removed thrni e, and came
into Syria, there fcc lit upon one Keton. who '
hnd riin away from Hadadrier, kill); ol /oh.iii.
hia inuslii. and was berome a nibbi r in ihiil
(iiunlry, and ioiixd frieriilship wilh him. who
ifdd ulreudy a band of rubbers about him. Sp he
went up, and ariied upon that part of Syria, nml
was inadi king thereof. He alao lOHde mt ur.
siunt inio the land of Israel, and <li<l it no aiiiall
mitt hii'f, nnd apoihd i(, and that in the lifitline
of S.ilaiiKin. And thM was the oihiiuit)- which
the tiilirtwasiiA^errd by.iladpd.
7. Th('reS»9» iiUo one of Solunioo's own na-
tion that iiidtle an atti mpt ngaiost him. Jerobo-
ftlii the son of Nebal, who had an exiRClation of
rising, from « propliery that had. bt;i-n made to
hiiii lonj; befu^q, He wvs led a chlhi by his
father, and brong;ht up by his mother; ftnd when
Soldinnn saw that hi was of an active anil bold
diapo«ltiitn, he made hini the rurator of the walls
whiih he built round ulxnit Jtrua.ilt m , and he
took such care of those works, that the king ap-
)Vovcd of hia behlV«ior. and |;ave hiui, as a re-*
ward for the sniiic. the rharge over the, tribe of
Joseph. And when about that tiiije Ji rot>oam vtu
onrc goiDj; out of Jeru'alt in. n prophet <A the rily
Shiloh.Whoae name was Ahijali, lui 1 hiin and aatu*
ted hitn, and whi n he had tak( n him a little aa^ide.
to a place cat of the way . w h( re iht re was not one
utlitr pertion preaent. ne rent th# gHrnirnt he
had on into twelvo piirea, and -bade Jttohoam
ti'lTe ten of them: and told hitii beforehand, that
"This IS the will of God: he will port the d»-
tiid the very matng ot aay Ininse. ttimiRh w^l out
any inteiilioH 10 have woralifppeil it, yet do flol I sup
iioae Hint t>alomoiiso undcrslood II. nor thst it aui;ht lo
(ic ao undrrsiooa. The mnklnp; niiy other altar for
t^raulu hut tliat at tlie tii' crnacle, wsa eqaally fur-
htdilen liv Mosex, Anliq. h. iv. rli. viii s«rl. .>, yet did
noi llie two trihes and a half offpfid, when thfey niade
»iit((tarfor a memorial Onl), Jtwli. xxd. Antiq.h. v.
eti,i.>>ert,->'6,37 - ,
t Sinre U.e t«{rinnini! of ^ofomon'seviMtfc and adver-
sitv W.1S tfe lime w'len llndad.'or Ader, who waa.liom »
at 'h-nsl tv^foty or il.irly years 1 efori^Fo'oiiion rnme t»'
tli« rrown, in tlie dajs of l»avid,liernn lo give him
dwtirtl.anre.lMs miplirat'iatKo'oiiionytvil life twjian
early and runliniied very loni, wl'idi the tnulttlllde of
^teh I* li
. i»in |i«f f
b«iit*tii«t^
fewvUktM.!
CtliMlMb
«f|'«<M»«rd
akidllMijrt
9. Ho J<
•Tthvproi
(«npsr, ail
tw^WMt:*
tha ((uveri
bc«u revel
to MMMM
wafcondii
' pvar to hu
Ii|< intenti
aii«t kil) h
bisforctiBli
, hf wniclL
to saflar n
Mrvaddir
tl* WW ■
eigbly jri
buried in
other kin
doni, esci
,>-,v ■^■
■»m)li.^^i-^iP:-ra
>■
.."'wkiiiliM* Wt It,' iQ hi* «>|ij,b«:«uw,;j»f -m.
*»!»ww*i ft* thj i»i*ly, Mudsill* WWW ••l?*
«^^« to,«W, ■•liwIj^.Aa b* ••«»«•«/ «»l«.^
. ■ $.^0 JtraiMiqi »»»♦ W*«»*«i* by ■jIi«m' »!«»(<»„
; to^iUt^t •ifd wWhe b»d wijiwtw^eliww 15
; !ik» itoTernmtfM, »h<l „c»H»d to mtna «li«t bwl
: bMu re«ea|«tl tu him by Ahijih, h* ei((lci**aitd
(o nlHiMMle th<! iwuplx (0 fi>rui«<i iiolofilop,. .19'
tiMM 8 di*turbiiD<!t!, ■ml (» brin)|irth« |(<>«entViMiii
• p««r W huiiw If, But wheii Soloi»a» BWlerttqjKt
hi* intention im(itfeiK;h«'i7,*t«io«i5b* jociUih
' tiM^il) biui; but JiinibtMiii i*«r iiituniiMt OMt
Kdbrebanil, nml M to Hhinhak, the kii% oC {
" l£»|>lr,<M«l tbew •bode till »(ie"Ui«tb of SotuWon,
, by |ihictun«ail* be pinml thews iwiV «d¥«»UK»*,
. «» rafliif iM h«rn( froiu Soli«««n.'»uil to b«; pre-
M^«d for tbc'kiilgdtiiu. Ho HolpiiiKri died when
>• »nw alrendy «q old iiiM, tWvinK ftigi««d
cigbty ycnrt. nnd. Intid riinciy-^ur. Mo w«»
buried in JeritMl^ni, hiving bef n rti|Jcrior to kU
' oiher kii>(t« in b»i>pine«», inil rirh.**, niid wi»-
doni. exc«|)tif({( lb«';»»h*n h« */»» gfoWinif ipto
yMTi, ho wa» <le(0<kd by woHt»n„ niid tmnf
jpemii tire Uw; «ont«rninf wbi«h t™«*fM-
' iion*. tnd the 'mii«ri*» which befell th* ll«i»««rt
tb«teby, I thinli proper to diKonrws it nnoth*'
:/»mM>rtuiiity... '■.. ... • .. ■. -»'■."■ .■
:.,■/;■:: ^ cHA!v::Vin: ■.■;'-^ .
. toitliW Sim Mth<ibo(m,'»mlor4»iud </»nb0-
II. NftirWbtn Solomon wa« dead, sndhmnii
IM^boNu. (who WM bom of «u Amimmite^wile.
' *Soie.fl»i|>e WM Nnnnwih,) bad »uc<;cede« l.ini
tH Iba kinidoio, thfc nilert of the WiUtttude «fnt
ioimediately into t%vpt, and cidled back Jorubo-
~ ' am; n»d whe«bc' w»»com« totlieni, to the fity
SKeslii'iii Re!>obbame*ine(htt»l»», fi>rbeha<'„
p KioUed to dtclarw Wuiiielf kinK »« tb* I""" lf««'*.
wbite tfe«y we re therft-gatRertd toBelher. • -%»
th« rulera «f the \'r^l<i, ft w«U a» JtrilwHni,
eiipe to Win, and iwwiOKht hiin, aw* will. •' Tli»t
. kc'DUghi to tt\»%, aiitl to b« Kciilb* thuti hi«
■ trxitir, in the «er«itnde he hati imjiiwdil en th«"i^.
bcCaOM^bey had borne a hoav.v yokt, pw! that
(lien they ahnuld be h»U«r ftOe.neil to bini.iiid be
itfcH contented to iHrve biiti niidrr l<i4 iiiailerate
cavemmenl, mH ihiMild do it nmro oiit of lov«'
n>an tear." Tot tC«babuani ir>U thciri tlity
tbmiUl foiiie to Ui'ii »giiin in three dojs* ,ti(ne,
■ when hf wouH pvo ail answer to Itu-ir requiist.
■. TJii» tiflay gav" Mcmion t J a pW'«^iit i!u«;'i'-ion,
tinoe he iiail not tivcii ihtm 11 liivora'.)li' misiv«.r
176
I wkiehihty
olteht 't(» |i*,<; toilift inutlitnd
!|ri**e J<»n lit" wUii e whii;h^
^|jMMt«(i*Vhn,f«» ti^e tainpcrof anch a niultilud*.
Tb»y ad*bc«t tjibu, "to afcak in fc way nior« [<*•
pU|fii'<hiilBl'micd Ihennnidenr of « fcinj. becaui^
'M V.aitW (hlmby ohtiKe them to aubniit to him
!f$^ jrooii will. It belilK the Biott Arfeaabln tO
■jv.-
ll»« lit; «iati iii»* |*»'^" »'>v»i» " .""w ...........
to thjU' iiiiiiit ii>i)iir<tiat»lv^for tlioy th.mijM t'lut
Jie.BkWid >!«»♦• given, tl.rtii »linin»n(' Hn»iy.M' ofl
ham), eweciallj j'iii'^c '.'•< wai ba» y<. inc;, lio»r
e»«r, tliej' iHoiiplil tdiit W» eonmiliaiion :iboul_;it,
•nil tmlie I'i" 0"t imslnlly (^ive tliwii aitlonii.!,
■ afibrded t!i<*i»«u>ejtao.lhi>i)et,(' «ucceM.
8. R«hoboaT»i OJW 'al'i"'.''''* Oitlier'a f^iendu,
'•Qjad^isid Wtb tlierii what «|»rf of .anitwer bo
*Tlil* ytent'i nf JcVolionni, Wlioti ■^slnnian tiiiri t!ie
walUofJi'Tuwiiti.i. ■•ot very longafu^- le liid •»nl»l'irt
«hl« twciiijr ■•laitu" tMi(;il|ii)jflii.ienipie, aiii l'i» own
■u'lii, or not vciv 'qmt uP<!r t c. ^r.^iU.v fonrll. y.:ur
of I la rci.'ii. 1 Hii'-«''x. -Ji; i>t;:!-u'»!)-lrt,vllt. THn-w!
lilnyotmi lii-e »tir. ia(j\itiOi|Sii,w'>i.'a iiolor-Mm:* w1i>-
•dnea* wi!» lic.mil"' iimr's lOlirlcfaWc, r'lMj. rOnf.iin
my loniier ot.sc.valyjil.'' tin* aucli Jiii #!• ifC^new
-^
M-
.^'■^;
|«bUSt*, that their kwipt ihaulJ he aliuolt upon ,
»|»fe»«l*ith them." But Kehubuam rajecled'
Ui)i M>g«<<d,alid ingener*.! ao profitable advic«i
(it waa «nt'S, Irt l«a«l, at that lime, when he waii
f» b« wade WngOOiHtbiippelf, I tuppo..;. cauiih,
what^WM njptt advantageoua to be cond«iMii«<l
bybini. So\l»»«allad for tb« yioununien, who
*«t«v btoHirht up Wifh hini, and toW them what
jKlvi< fl titti «I.W had ifiven bint, and bade t^iam .
^Bcak what tliey ll.migM he ought to do. TItey
aihiwd bim m Rivii the folli>win(f anowcr to llio: •
peoide, (for iirtther their youtli, mt lio<Uii«-
Mil aufleriMl Wiisvi to diVern what wa. beats)
" that *ia little \fin«erahuHW he tMicker than bi»
Mhcr'i loinf; -iniT if they Jhad wet with hard
M»(t« from hi« Vather, they aboulfl «xf>erl*m;e
inu?h rourher lrt;atn«iil fmni hiui ; auil it hia
(atherbaii ihartined them with wbijw. thej;^ muU
♦ip«ct that h« wUld do it, with acorpionn. +
"Tn*- king •»" pl\aMd with thi» ad»ic», and
thiraKbt It agreeable t.Uhe dignity of hi» g<>vern»
ntenltojtiv*' them jfich anantwer. Accordingly,
when tK« Miu«titiide\waa ooiue together to hear
hit ahiwer W the lb\rd llay, all the people wtr«
U iti^at MAectatioBl and very inlept Jo hear
what4hckiig woiddVvtolhem, »ml^opp<»ed
theitUoMlSl 'IjMf" •oiidfUHUg oj. »-kind n«t«|Wi
but br.iMi^4 bv hii\ftieiid)i, and aniwered at
the young Wetf had^ |>|v«i» bim countel, _ «ow
thi* waa done accoydin* to the will of Uod, that
what iitiah had foretold might coin* to pan.
a. fPTheirfwordi lhe\p*op»eVer« rtrttck at K 1
wei'i! by an iron h«iiimtr,\and wei* *o gtwred at
the »«{*«.»* if they had already ftit theeffeeti
of th*m,%o»il Ihey Ud p^iear indignation at the
king! iilldill cried nut aloid and taid, " W« WlH
ba»r no longer i>ny rrlatiofc" to David or hit pot-
ftrity nfteriW. .W.'v Ai^l they «iid^fartK«N
"1V« only leave to Kehoboi*! the temple which
his falh./bu»t f and they tli« litenwl, to f.nraake
liiiii. WaV, they -were »»> Mutr, and ret»ii»ed
thiir wrath »o lohg, tliiU »»hen»h8 tent Adoram,
Who win over the iWbute, that he might pacify .
tttetnl and rendi^r Wi*«n milder, and neriiuade
tJiim 10 forgive bint if he bud «aid B^y thing that
waarasbor gritw.iua to ihf m in hit youth, they
would not bear it. but tbrtW atones at hmi and ■•
tilled ■ liim. When .^ebobjiam aa*. thi», h*
iliiiiighl bimn-li aimed at by tl.o#p ttpnea witB
wlMcTi they hail killed "hit terianj. -and^fcared
lest »tf fliould unibrpo the. list ot |.B«iihm*nta
In (wni"t. so 111 IjJl immediately into (lit cba-
rint. taid 11 •'! to .Tcrutnlem, where «b* »"be of
J.idah an 1 tlMt of Uertjaimn ordained h-iin king.
but tik 1. it i>Hh« luultitiide fiirwok .the tona of
l>a»id from fliai .laj,,JUi't apopmfc-. Jeroboani to
bfllie rulrf of their 'publi<affiiir».„Upa!l lUll,
Uehoboi ni. Soi'Mioli 1 son, B»«Muhli)d. a great
cone' • gi.li.m of tliO'» two-trihet that SBbniitteO
to liimi aiiil ■vn ready to take a hundreil and
ei'^itv tboiiiiui ' •••lowu men out of the afluv, i/>
nittlip; an eiiiwditiui u-rainit 4erol>oam and Ins
people. Ihiit U infK'ht foice^ theiii by war to be
his Wmitu; but he w-s forbidden of tiod b;r
t'le pi i.,irt[Sl»iini'h] 'o g . to war, for that it
was iiot just thi-l bi-.thr.n of the same- cnoutry
.should fight oni' »BaiiwJ aoolli.r. |Ie also ; Hid,
leWn-eaily. and fontiniied very long. See Bcelua.
^'t'l'llui liy trorpio,.! is not hi^'e me^nt that •■>•» •"^;
i,;a! ri ralij.wMr;. ;K'i.s ..evei'iiwuTnforie (iwii; li«
"it!iH a s.ntl'. -v;"" Jlia:|. urii kles .Ike the jUniia of
wor .io.i.,«u-^. aso'lr f«r« '.u«l..or e«, •""•"•"rthto
scri of w i|t of < I" Illtc naiurc," ice dudwaa and BgaB
hcmi's ui>ua i»vie; "
-^--tr-
M
M
■;■■ .>.
\i
:\V
*:' '■} '
V
J ..<
ill
m
't'
ANTtQUITlES OP TUB JEWS,
' Ihil llilt A»hn\nn o( lh« niullilyilx mt* urtrnnl'-''
iAg tu Ihn pur|K»* of Uud, Si/ |ii> ilul not lint-
<;««tl in (bit txpcilition. Aif<l ii.iw I wiU rtltl*
lirtllh* (ilium of Jrrntraiiii iIm kiu'K uI' larail,
' .ifliir which w« witl rcUt^' wti«l tru ihrrcwilh
• unacrUi), the ■rtiunt of Kithuliuairi. lh« kine of
the two Iril^i; I)} Chia iiinnt w^ tlra|| prn«rv«
lh« (oo<l order ol llir liiitory rnlirc.
4, Wl»«n (h«ir«forc Jcroliuuiti liml huill him ii
imlac* in lh« city .Shcchei.i, he ilwi ll lh««rB. I In
aUu built hull another at IViilh-l.a i it; lo rnll^d.
Aiii< now the frait ol laliitinHi'li • will aiiiinmch-
iiiK ill a litllc tihic. Ji mbomii i :oiiiiif»r«d, that if
h« ihould permit the liiullituda In jro la Wiir>hiM
<iod at Jaruutlini; and thf re to cHlcbrale the f«K
liviil, (her. Would prolwhiy pejieut of whiit llwv
hiMj dona, and b« iiilicul i>y the tiiiinlr, nnd by
the worih(p of (Jod th«re |ir»foriutd, and would
. lame hini, and return to their fir»t kiiiic; and ii
iio, h« ihouKI ruii the ri»k of lu;in|; liji own life:
•o he iii««uted this contrrSnnci'j he niaihi two
golden heifem. and built two little Icniuleii fur
Iheni, the iWie in the city Hnthtl, and the other
n Pan, which la>l n a» »t the founlaina of thi'
leaaer Jordan,* and lip nut the hcifir* into liolh
the little taiible*. in the forenientioiied cilica.
^ And when h« liud rsllid thote ten Irihen togi Iher,
over whom he rul«l, he i|iad« • •poech to the
people ill thcie word«i "I »up|;oir, ni> louiitry-
inen, that yon know tlii>, Ih.it every plHrc hnih
■ i? It. nori. there any ope determinate place
in which he \t, but he e»ery where hram and
• •ee(tho«e that wor<hip him; on Which account
I do not think it ii|;ht for you to go 1.0 long a
journey to Jerusalem, which i« nn eneiiiv'a city,
to wor.hip bim. It wa> a man tluit (built ilie tcia.
pie: I have alio made two golden hciferj, dedi-
cated to the name (iodj and Uie one of them I
have coniei raied in the city Uethel,anda|he other
in Dan, to the end Ihiit tlime of yo'ii lliat dwell
nearer thoie ciliea, may go to tliem, and womhiii
Oodthere^and 1 will ordain jforyou certain prit»t«
and Levitci from among jonrielvet, thai you
may have no want of the tiflie of Levi, or of the
aona of Aaron; but let hiiil|i that iideniroun among
you of Being a prienl, bring to (iod a bullock and
« ram. which they lay Aaron the Ar«t priest
broug;ht^alHo W |,en JijrobOntii had «aid» this;
he deluded th< people, and made them to revolt
from the worship of their forefathers, bnd to
trmigresi their laws, 'fhia was the beijinuliie
of miseries to the Hebrews,- and the'cnuse why
they were oirercoliie in war by foreigners, and so
fell into captivity. But f e shall relate those
things in their pro|>cr places hereafter.
5. When the feiist [of tabemncles] was just
appnuchlng.'' Jerolioaiii w^s tUsirous'to cele-
brate It himself in ll.lh.l.as did the twolribes
celebrate it in Jerusalem. Accordi.iRly hrbuilt
■n altar before the Jioifer, and gmlirtook to
be high iiriest himself. . So he Went up to the
altar, with his own priests about him; but when
he was cuing td oiler the sacrifice,, and the
burnl-oa..rmg8, in tiie sight of all -the i«opli,
• prophet, wlioic,naiiie wSs J.d,';,,, »«» sent hv
liort, jiud came to him from Jerusalem, who
Btoo<l in llie^widst of the multitude, and in the
htonng ot the king, and'directing hii .'iscourse
I? ' .*',',"j ""•' """• """'' foretells that
th«r« ihulj be a certuin man of the f:ii»ilv. of
Uavid, Josiah by-name, who ihiill rfay niionthee
those fiiNe priests that sh/ill live at that time,
and U|ion «kce shall bu.n the bsues of tho>e de-
ceiTprs of thu people, lh6»e inipoilorsand wici(t4
wretches. HvWever, tiit this people may b«-
JLTL^'^l'"^^*^/;"'<''''''ftK'f*»'>T Jordan wore
near a plarc called /M», and the fonntainaof the*fM°
-his?!? .I'"™ "'"'■'' •'"'■>''o'e Hiclr ronJwnrilT.n. or
???•„*', •''*■«. 'S"» only one fonnlafn, arislnif at iiie
Mke P.'la <i. at first gliikinit urnlrr Rrorind, and then
fh^hTi"?'',,"'!!.''""^'''" '""«"'". and iheMrerunninB i
tnrough tlii; lake Xcnioclioniiis to ine sea of Calllce, and
lieve ll^at these thiiigt shall so nvm* to pass, I
fori tell a sign to th«m ibut shall alio cmna lA
pass: This altar shall be broken -to pieces iiM-
meiliatrly, ami all IheJ^t Uf the saeriiieia thfti
IS ii(>oi| iirthall b« pourad U|><iii Die gropiMlj,"
When the iirophet hail said this, Jerolidaul fell
into a pa>sl»n, and SIrelrhed out his hand, awt
baile them lay hold of him; but that haiiil whith
ha ktreti bed luit waa rnfeebled. and he nas
not able ti» pull i^ in again to him, for it waa
bripiiie withered, and hung down, at if it were
a, dead hand. The altar also was broken to
pieces, anil all that wa» upon It was poured out,
as Uie priM.het had lorttold sliuuld conic tu
pass. 80 the king undarsliKKl that he was •
man of veracity, and had a divine foreknowledge,
and eiitreuted him l.> pray to <{ikI that he wouhl
restore his righfc^nnd. ^ Aci-onlingly the prOptiil
did limy to (.oiFtoKrant him itiiit reouest/ Sil
(|l« king haiiiig hin hand recovered to Us nltural
state, ri'Joiced at it, and iuvjted the propl/el lo
sup with hiin; but Jadnn «aid, that *'h/ could
not endure to come into his house, nor to' taste
Id bread or water in thin city, for that waa n
l4iiug (iod had forbidden bint to do; as also to go
'■".^''.''J' •''" """• ""/ whicJt he came, but he
said he was lo return by aiiMher way." So the
king w.mdered iit the abotineiu e of the man, but
was hmivell In fear, as suspedtiiig a change of
his hllaira for the tyorae, from what had been
said lt> htm. \ . •-
' CHAI'. IX. '
'//oHi Jaion tht PropltH vat pirmaJcii by nnnthtr
lying fiufhtli und rilurntJ [tu Jtellul,] and
1M* nfUruarU tlaiik by a-J.ioh. jIt alto u/iiif
voriti lilt Kicktd IWnphet Made iitt »/ Id per.
«tmii« Wi«r King, and thtrtby atunaUit hit mind
from Olid. 4
h \. j\(i\{- there Was a certain wicked man in
that city who was a fill»e pfophet, whom Jero-
boaiiihad in great esteem, but was deceived by
Ihiii, aii:l «is nattering wonls. Ibis iVian was
bed-rid by reason of tlie inlirmilies of old age:
however, he wa.4 informed by hit lont cunrern<
ing the prophet that Was conic from Jerusalem,
and coiiceriiiiig the »ign8 done bv him; ancVhow,
When /erolwam's right hand had' lieen enfeebled,
at the prophets prayer he had It revived again.
Whereupon be was aitrtid that this stranger and
pn»pl<et should be in beltei!e»t«;Mii with the king
than hmisj If, and obtain'i greater hiHior from
hiin, and lie gave order torliis sons to saddle his
assprcseolly.an^Miakcull ijeady that he might
go out. AccDnliiigly they niade lia»te todo what
they were roinmaiideil. and ^le got ii|»on the n«i,>
and lollow.^d.alier the pronhet, uiid wlien he hu.l
overtuken.liim, a» he was resting hiihlelf under
a very la^rt uak-titt ibut Mas thick ami shadv,
he at (iptt siiliited biiliK but presently he roii*
nlaiiied of h because hv had ntt'comciiito
his house, and partaken of his hoipilality. And
wheiftho other suid, that^'GoJ had lorbiddco
bun to taste of any one's provision in that city,
he reiilied llml, •• for certain (ioj had not forbid-
den t'lat I Should set food btjfore thee, fc'r I am a
prophet as ihou art, and worslibi Hod in the
same niaiiner that thou dost ; add 1 nni now coma
at sent by hini, m order lo brins.th.-e into my
house, and make thee "iiv guest.' Kow Jadon '
gave credit to thitVlving prophet, and -rctiirnca
back with hiin. But whein they ivcre at dinnra •
iSiid were merry togiUcr, God appeared to Ja-
don, and taid.that "he should sufler punishment
for transgretiiing hit coiiiiuandjs, and te told him ■
.. •' -i. ■ I ■ :
*o far called the/ti^erJinfaa, to Hardly certalnlevCTj !»,
Jwephiis tilihsnlf, tliDiiiih itic laitrt aecouril he tf e nioit
jirulialilc. However, the northern idnlairoqtrafr.aeiuu
liy Jcro'onm, Ivns where I.ittic lo^AAn fell InJo GikM
.Ionian, near a (ilare called Dn'phiiit, aa Joscuiiuielaa- w
Wliero inroriiigus,Of the War, b. I».cli. h Ndl. 8M '
ll:enotetiicrc ' ^y w^i. am
'%
ndiailbai
he shouhl
bit way, k
piK«i, an
' , cbrct ol 1
pus. as 1
(hat so 4
words of.
•dofl|iii
(0 Jeruta
hini plT lb*
did be nut
- . kept him.
* tioued till
.
(old it in
hit ton*, I
vaA0 • f
p
* bIho cliarp
and said 1
' •• (hat city.
phets. wo
bHried Wi
* Ireatilieni
then to
when be
i_ ^. propht'-t,
■■" ,■
•t he lyas
(0 Jerubi
\
is It now
.this silly
^ iated to 1
• ''and.abou
V ufudiviil
deavorctl
»■
■i opinion,
. ■ "
•what had
that was
..'■■'
,_ • him, thai
bad undc
that upo
'- i
; forwerni
* - . -tl^
r -«— but ntiv.
«.
tjidthosi
J
' ken to pi
. ^ what bar
hiAiuftI
tlBags, a
• - . ded tliMt
' 'y ctiuor s
■ thus spol
^ ■
1' ~; alieiiHtet
; works tl
raged hi
♦ ■
and uiico
to Ood,
. .
, ^ toaglil f
• liiigiitbi
ndiuss.
: i
; ' than wh
•■ -, ' fort. A
bave lai
Conttrr
" funii
thak,
1 ^
as mr*
V built St
* Biaai, a
■ •;■ . ■; ■-
■ - *^lil« rhni
'■ S«ulhis<
. . : .!
1 •. pliJt^fl
•U, firsisiuii
■ _'. ■■■
»• ., Consiiiii
" ■ ■ '~*
^L^ ' coplca: a
W^-.i. . God revc
■ : " tflf, as
■ ' parliruli
•'-•.'" \.
■ ' ,»,byll
\
BOOK VHl.--ClfAP. X.
m
- ■ ■ • "^ .t - 1 .. .. 1— — - J .... Ailiiruiii, ■oiM^Hchiah, mni A«rliiin, mm />unB,
tinil Aijaloii, kiiit (Irt)riini ihf** h« built flrilol
rII ill 'On Irflw iif JikIhIi, il« iiUii liuill yhcr
ia^Kf citin* iit (he Iritir of llrnjiimin, iinil wtllml
thfiii •l«Hil, Hnil pill KMrriion* in Ihimi hII, ■h*
miilttiiw, i>H<l ■ Kr«»l tifitl of rorn, and t«<>it,*iul
(fit, mill Uf firrliUluMi i!»itv iinmiC thciii filnitlfiilly
with'ulhcr pniviiioM thmwrrti nirmur^ rorkut-
Iciimirai iiiur«o«iT, he |iiil ihirriii »lii*liU *ml
hr »hmild m««t wilhn lion u Ira wu* |ii>iii|j <Mi
hit wk>, by wbit'ii l>«ii h» tliunlil br tuiii >n«
ltiM.«», »ml b« il»|>rif«l of burial in lh« ••pul-
cUrc» of hid (»Hf»." Wly«h tbiii|tt cmiii. fo
put, *• I tupiMixi. *(:<:i>r<liiH( (■> lli*' wul »f (•ml.
Ihiit (o ierubotiii iiii||li( "ot (it* l«<>l lo tlir
worri» of Julon, M of oii« (li>< hiiil b<-<-a4;<inrii!t-
cii of ly iqj- llow«»«r, u* J mlon WM iiK«i» R'liiiK
t» JeruuU'iii, a lion ii»|Mullril liilii, unil |iull«'il
him pff IM b»»it Utt roilf nil, und ilew him. yrj
dill ha nut ^t all hurt llir u>i, l^ut Ml bv hiiii;aiul
krut him, •• alto the |ir<i|ilirt'i body. 'l'hi« ron-
tinuril till •uiiiil trai«ll>!i-« (hat •»!« it ciiiiia anil
luld it in lh« city to llm fnlv prophat, who (rut
bii A>nt, and. bruught tliv liudy into Ihu citjr, and
niad< a Aiuenil fur liiiu at Rreat ciiientc. H«
alao cliarKi'd* hi> »vm.u> liurv, hiiiMilf with hiin;
and mid that ■■nil which lir liad fmi'tolil iiK«iH>l
that cily, and Ihi: iiltiif, yml prKatn.aiiil falav prji-
phala, would iirovo true) niid Ihut if lin vim
bMriadWith hiiu, ha ihould rijceivu no^ iiijurroiia
tr«atiuent aftrr hi* iltiitli, tlic buuii not bviiig
than to i>a dntiuKuiahtd aaumltr." Hut now,
when he bad pcrfoiinedthunt' funeral rilia tuthv
uropb^) andliuilKiviin ibut clmrgii loliia aona,
u he \yu a wickrd «ud nu iiiipiiiua iiian, li« Rora
to JerolHMM't and auya tu him, "And wlitrfiof*!
ii It now that tliou art dialurbi^d at tfiv wurdi of
,thii ailly (tilow /" And wiiiii the kin|> hail ir-
iated to him wliivt bad liapptnid ulxiutllir ulliir,
'^ind.abuut his o«rn hand, uinl |{avii him tin* iiuinc'
uf u divirte man, aiiB an fjicilknt priiiihi:(. In: Mi-
dravorcd.i by »'»»ilcJnKl trifU, tcrwi-akin l|iiil liia
opinion, Hiiij by uiting'plaiftiblii worda < onciirniiix
wimt had haitlirni'Llii! iiimit.il tu injure lli« truth
tbot wiw in tli'tni; r<r be ntti!niplt>MiJM)ii'«utt(ie
him, tbul "hit hand jvua enfeebled !)#■■ bibor it
bad undergone ■■> ■uppurtinij; the kdidDiH; and
that upon ii.i rrsliuK anUilf, it retMBl to il*
ibruierniilMreaKiiiniUiid tltatustotbeartanil wu»
but ntw, and bull burne ubundatic«|||pf auirilieei,
audthoae'larKC iine» (Ko,undwu»HCC<jriliiijjly bro-
' ken to piMta, and fullin ilown by ilie wtujlit of
wh»l liad'bci'n laid upon it." I|u uUri inliiiined
bii^i of the di'Hth of liiiii th:it bud ^ntuld > tliiwv^
tliiBga, and liii»( he pi>ri»hed ; [wheiici lie coiirlu-
, ded tl*tj htJiiid nutiiMjIbinji in him uf u pnipli-
' ctinuf »l>»'"="li.>'''i''K '>'>•' one. When In' Imd
tbua spoken, be ptrauiided the kingfliUil intirtly
; aliiiMted liia iiiiiid I'rilin Udd. iiiid iTuiii' diiiu);
worka Ibut wire lif^liteuun ami iiidK£jtnd rui:uu-
raged him to go un in bjji iNiiiiouljf^uciiieai*
and uiiCurdiii^y, be wu» to thm de^jrce iniuiiuua
to (jod, and ao Ri'iiUt u triiiiii;5re»»i)F, that he'
«o«(c)it for nolhiiii; ebju evci^ nay, biit liuw he
inij^lt be gdilty of ««nc nriv iii«timii'« of wiik-
<!dn('k9, unit^aucb as abould be niuri^letitlulilu
than what be hud been au iiiHoleirt ■Uortci be-
' fort. And aannit'b ■bull ul picntnniiinicte Ift
bave laid cpucci'uincJerubuam. ^■*
Contirnirif^ Rfhobaam, arid hoie Godinjticltd
Punithmenl upon him, for hi$ lijtpitly, by .^/li"'
Mhak, [King if Egypt.]'
■ ■ 51. 5Miw Uf'holioiiiii, tb
■a ivj/iiaid before," wa
b^ilt alroug und^ liirijl
KtuHi, uiid Tckoa, and
•peara, for many tfn Ibouaaiid mm. The pVleit*
alao that were in all l»r»i I, »4\t\ the Uvitra, and
if there were any of the imilliliide lliiH were
g(io<l and rinbteoua iiirn, they gathered theni-
aelvf* together to him, having left their own
iMtici, that they iiiiglit W«r«hip (ioil in Jeruaa-
leui; for they were not willih)' ttt \^ fon-ed Xu
wuraliip life hrilVn wliiih, Jeroboiiiii^ bad inaile
and Ibty augmented the knigdiiiii of Hihoboam foiv
three yiar^ ^nd after he bad married * woman
Sstiiii
•llew mucli lardcratirt -....
tliia nhnisirkiililo lllntory oftlie
mii Ilia I'oiif I'm ivilli, Jeroilb.iuiJiSi
phSti'if I!etli*l, than our ollief i«liii>n I
firal aiiilil. 'I'lie iirii|ihil'a very nffinv,
ConaiiHiliOimrull liiin, j?i/<miii« jajvii
copica: and It i» Hierc wirli nolfW nlwun
Godrei'i^aledJinliMillieirUeproflm't'ai^
ttif, aa here, hut <i).'*e/<i'« prophtK
parlirular aerounl nf thi- Hreumi'iila innilb^u—— v.
^\\, by tbe (iliac pro^lict ngutpsi bia own Belief, and his
if Solonmn, who,
_ lwi)*tribe>,
'tbkheur aiid
jjsliuco, and
ipAna hail in
!t of'Jniien,
fnls'^ pro
eviilciiial
aaltae
lOlhcr
that
'iiin-
s the
r, after
of hi* own kiijlred, and bnd by her three chil-
dreiijiifrn lo. mm, be nmrried iilxi aiiothtrof bla
own kindred, who waadauffhter of Abaalum by
TuiiiHr, whoae name waa Niaachab, and by her
he hiul a aon, whom be named Abijah. lie bad
moreover uianv other rliililren by other Wivea,
but he loved \1aai'bab above thrni all. Now hi
bail eighteen li)ytimale'«i»e,, and lliirly concu-
bine«; mid be bud born lo liiiil twenty-" ighl aona
and threeaeore <lnu,<bl»ra; but he amioiiited Abi-
'jail, whom be had by M»a< hub, to be hit auccea-
'aor ill the kingdom; ami liilru«tit(l blm already
wilh the treaiurea, aiid llie alrongeat filiea.
a. /Now I (uniiiil bul ll.iiik, that the (;r««lne»n ,
flf a kingdom, and iUelmnm' miI|i proi'iH.ritv, often
luKonlea the yijcaaion ol niiarliief and of tniiw-
KreaaioH to lift 11 ; ifcr wh. n Itel.otiuani »*« ibi'
Ilia kingdom to inurb increateil, be wnil out «l
the right way, an4 to unriklileout and liirligioii- .^
limttirea; and he iTeapliied tile wur>hi|i of iiii. .
till the people tbeniaelvft imiliited bia^wii'M ■
aclioiia; for to it uauiilly hnppi h», thai |fie iitim-
Hirauf subjects are cVtliyted at the aumii (inie
with tlioae of tbeirgnverniir*. wlii'li aulijVcl. .
till u lay ajide their own- lober way of living, M'.
a reproof of their govtrnoia' inlemperuto rour-
».«, and fijlow theirVtikediiKia, at if it were
virtue, fiir it is nut po»»ible lo Jiow that men ap-
prove of the ai-t'iona of Ibeir/tingj, unleat th*) ,
do the aniiie acliont with tlieni. A^reeiibh
whereto it now happened. tf> the eulyerU of
Rehobounij for when be \\u* growii. impioiia,
Huil a trunnKreMorbiimell', Ibev eiideaTond imt
loofleiul biiifto retolvinisatiUlo be rlgbleoua.
HuiUihI arnl Shisbnk, kiiig of Kgf pt, tu puiiith
tliylii for their uiijliat lielnivior towardi biiu,
lonri^riiing ivboiii/Herodiilua was iiiiatakeii, and
ajiiiliid hn iietiiina to >. v.stris! lor this Shi-
tliuk.t imfie lift*! yeariW ibe reigft of liebuboani.
made uuo,x|)ediliMii [into JuileuJ with iiiany ten i
Ibonnund men, for ho bad 0110 thousand two
hundred cb»riotH in iiuniber ||«H followed bini.
and tliretaiore thonsiind horsi men, and iour
hundred thoiiaand fuotnien. Theai! («e brougJit'
wilbhiin, anil they, were thir greatcJt |>art of
'thtni l.iliyaiui and Ktbiopiaiia. Now therefore,
when he fill ii|wn the country of ibe, Hebrew*.
Intook tbii alroiigi »t filitt of Kehoboam's Jiiiifc-
doiii withoni figliiing; and wb< n he hud put pr*.
risoiin In tlitjii, btsiciiine liinl of all to Jcrusaleni. '
:}; Now wheii Rthobouni, unj^the nmllitude
ov.' n ronarienro. In order lo perMiado Jii-olioani to pernc
vctciii 111" idolatry HndwlrknliiM.J,tlini,i ivhlrh more'
nl.nmitiln roiild not l.e iiiveiili'd, wn« rnliiiiaiiid In J<i>e
ilni.i'iiropy.iir in nome otlieV niic HunjKiok, raiiiiol now
he ilileriuiiied;iinroiturropli'i*>n,iiy iiotoiip.word ol- 11. '
tTlintlliia Hhi-iliak won noi Uifiaanie iieraon wiili
lliefiimnn9f»q««»lrla,a»»Alne hnVeVery Inlely.in ron
Iradli'lion lo all aiiiiil'd'y, »i!|ijip«ed, and «hat our
Jow-phuadid iiotliikc liiin to lie llie anme ijatlioy pre ,
lend, I'Ul 'I'at t'cwmris wit" """'y ren'nrie* earlir
ttaaivBbialiak-,iett Autheni. Itvcorilt, part It. p. VM,
.*' ',
r
«.-
^'■^■- -■
m-
■ >■'
^NTIQUITIKS OP TUB JKWH.
wltl» liim, mm ihul Mp in JarsMlmi by tha
nimni of (li« »rmy of Shiihak, ■ml wiMn thay
, iMMUKlit ' ioil (1) (I** Ihroi «i).'li>rT and ilfllitrr'
Mwc, thry riiiikl uol IMrdtmla (lutl In b* an ibmr
till* I but Shniiwiah llir |irii|ihrt (ohi lliviii, that
Uuil tliraaunaii tu funali* ihriii, at Ihry h*<l
ronakrn hit wonhip, Whm ihajr haani thia,
Ihajr war* ininirilialaly in ■ conitarnalion of
miiiil. an<l tannic no way of dalivarinca, (hay til
•ariii'tlly tat Ihrnwalvai In. ronfrM, thai (i«d
niilhl Jutlly ovrrliMib Ihrni, •iwalhrv hail hran
■iiilly ol' iii)|iialjr tuwanU hint, ami hwl lat hit
, lawt lid in I'linfutioih Ha whan tiuil taw llirni
^ ta thai (liipoailinn, ami thai Iha* ackHowlaiiipatJ
Ihcir tint, lir (old Ibc priiphal, tht4 ha nuulil iiol
dailrtiy lli< in, hut that h<- Wiiillil hnwevar ninka
Ihriii aarvniil* In tha Kiry pliant, that Ihcy luky
laarn whrthrr Ihay will aiillcr latt by lervinK
iiM<nor<iwd. Ho whan Shithak had tak«n the
rilv withiiiit ll||;hlin|r, liaciiuta Hrhohoam Vtat
nfrii^l, and raiaivail him into It, yrl did nut
Shi>li:ik ttaml In the rovannnt h« had liiada, hut
ha i|ioilcd lha ((niplr, and rmptird thalrrnwirrt
iif (Iml^ ami Ihota of tha kinjj, and rarrii'd off in-
niiHirrablii t«n Miuiiujidi of |ni|d and tilvrr, artd
~ tart nnfhini^ «<. atrbrhtnd nim. lis »lta Im'ik
iiway (he liiirklrra of Kuld, and (ha thiektt, which
Siduiiioif (he kiii|f had iiiailn; nay, hr did not
leave the coldrn <|iiivani whirh Uavii) had takrn
from tha kinir of /obah, and had dnlicafnl tu
.<tud. And whan ho bad (lint dona, ha raliirnad
(u hit own kin([doin. Mow flrrododit nf llali-
nirnii'tiit nivniiont (hit expaililion, having only
liii'ttaken the kin)('t nwHid; rikI [in tayin^ that I
ha made wlir u|ion many othr r nation* alto, anil
brou|!;ht Syria of Palntina jn(o iiulyrr(ion, and
4Qoli tlio nirn lliit tvcre thrr^'in pritoncri with-
out fiffhling, iVow it i«/tiiiimlriit, that he in-
tended to derlnre-thnt our niilion waa nbdiied by
him: for h« tailh, (hat "h<! Ii'lt brhind him pil-
II-"
lii'
It'-
,'■'
Inrt iq (hn land of thoie (hii( driivertd thenr-
taivea up (o biiu withyut fi)(h(in|;r, and rngmvf d'
. ii|ion them (ha terrft jMrtii of WSmrn." Now
•>iir kinjir Rehohoaro delivered upnurcity wi(hou(
lightirtfC' He tayt willml,* thnt "(he (.(hiopinni
learned (o circiimriie (heir privy |)iirt« from (lie
k:i;yp(iau>, wi(h thii addidun, (hnt the Thcrni-
ciani *nd '^|*ni that live in Falmtine rgnfeit
(hat they 'H|g»i'ned it of the Kgy|itiiin«." Yet it
it eviden( that no o(her of (he Syrlunt thnt live
in Falettine betidet ,ua alone nre circulnciied;
but at to tuch mn((en, le( every one ipcak what
ii ajfiieeable to hit own opinion.
4. When Shiihak wat Kone,a.way, kin)( Reho-
boani made biicklcrt and ahielda ot liriiti, inttead
of (hpte of rolil, and delivered the name number
of them to Uic keepert of (he king't paliire; So
int(ead of warlike expedidoni, and (hR( glory
D'hinh resul^U from tlioie public actiont, ht) reign-
cd in great quletncit, (hougli not wKhnnl fear,
M being always nn enemy (o Jeroboam, end be
died wlien he hiul lived fil'ty-teven yeara, and
reigned acven(ecn. He Wat in hia'dispoii(ion, a
proud and « foolish man. and lott [part of hin]
(tominionii by ii|| hearkening (o nit fa(ber's
friendi. He was miried in Jerutolem, in the te-
pulchref of the kings; and fait son Abijab tuc-
eeeded hliq in the kingdom, and this in the eigb-
(ren(h year n£ Jeroboani's reign over, the ten
tribes: and this Vat the conclusion of these af-
fairs. It must be now our business to relate -the
* llerodotna, aa here quoted by Jnaephus, and aa (his
liassnuo tlill ttanils in hin present roplen, b. II. rhiip! riv.
affrms, timt " the Pliihnirianii and Hyrlnns In Pnlentlne
. [ whIrh liitt are eenernlly Kupponed lb dcnoteihe Jews]
.l>U'neil tlieir rccciviai; rirniinrinian from the E^yp-
tlant;" whoreati It Ih abumlnntly cvident.'llini llie Jch^
received ttieir rlrrumriiiloii from tlie pnlrlancb Abra-
liani.Ren. xvli.O— l4,Jolin vli.33,33,a^Ironeludetrie
pcyplion prietis tliemtclves did uJso. 11 Is not.tiiere-
fore. Very iHillkelv that HerOilotuii, beranae llie Jews
bad lived loniinEiypl'.nndraineouloritrlrcumcliicd,
dlB Ihereiiprin tliink Ihny hiiil learned |hat rlmynii-Ts-
■thirt ef Jaroboam, ami bow h« aadad bu Ufa i
for ba ceased n«l. aor ratted tu b« iajarloo* to
tliid, hill Avary day raitad up a|(ar« uuun M|b
nioiin(«in<, aiiif want on maklMf |>riat(a out ul
Iha isiullUuda.
CHAP. XI.
CimftmitiK Ikt tlialk of m Son ^ Jtmt)«»m.
//ii«i Jtratmmm um» tea/en 'ly ^h\iah, leAn dt*4
m IHIU (^tfiiaril, and was nifettiltU in kit
Aifi/n<uin 6y Jim. jiiul aho Auie, <t/>>r tht
l)talkv/,hruhoam, llaatkn Jt$lru\it4 Alf •Von
AiadaA, aiHtall Ik^llituH ofjtrobumm.
4 \. HuWCVKH, (iod was in no long (ima ready "
to return Jrnihoam't wirkad acliont,' knd tb*
|iiiniihment the) detrrved, upon hit own bead,
and upon the heads of all hit Iwiise. And where
as a Min nf bit lay tick a( (bH( (mia, who wat
called Altijah, ha ei^oined hit wife (o lay aside
her mhet, and to lake the Ki^rnientt belonging In ^
a private |»'rton,aml lugolo Abljah(he pnipha(,
lor that he wat a wonderful man in fure(elling
fuliiritiet, it having been he who -'told ine thnt
I (huuld be king " He alto enjoined her, when
the eame In hini.to-inquire nincerning the child,
atif the were a tiranger. whether he should rtcap*
thia ditteinper. Mb the did as her huaband bade
her, and cbnnKeil her hnhil, and came to the cil^
Shiloh, for there di4 Ahijiih live: and aa the wat
going, into hit lioua*. hit rye* being then dim
with age, O'ril appeared to him, and informed^
him of (wo (hingt, (hii( (he wife of Jeroboam'
wat come (o him; and whiit aiHwer he thould
make lo herimpiiry. Accordingly, at the wmiikn
wnt coming Into the house like a prirale perSon.
and a tiranger, he cried oiit, "Come in, O lhoi4
wife of Jerolionm! Why rom-ealetl Ihoulhi.flfT '
Tbou art i^t cnrtcealeif from Ood, who Kalh api";.'"" ' '
[leared to me, and informed m« that Ihou wati
coming, and halh given me iii cnmninnd what I -
thall lay to thee." So be aaid , " 'I'hnI the iho«M ' '
en away (o her huibnnd, 'nnd tpiBk (o him thus
Sine* I made thee a grea( man when thou «rat(
little, or mthrr wilat nothing. and.ren( ttiir. king-
dom front (he hnttse of DaviiLnnd gave-K to (bee,
and thou hnal been unminilfiil of thf'te benefit*^
haal ler( off my worthip, baa( made thee molten
%aA» and honored them; I will in like manner
cast thee down again, and will Heslroy all tb'Y
houti;, and make them food for the dogs and the
(nwlt; for a rerluin king it riaiii); nn, by appoint-
ment, over all thia people, who abnil lenvA none
of the family of Jerolmnin ifiiialniiig. The multi-
tude alto thall Ihemtelvcs |)artiike of Iheaame pun-
ishment, nnd shall be cast out of tfils good land, '>
and ahall be scalteredinto llie places lieyond Ku- •
phreles, becauie they followed (he wlckrd.praC-
(ices of (he(r king, and have worshipped (he gods
tha( he made, and forsaken my sacrifices. Bu(dQ
jbod. O woman, make hastcback to thy husband,
and (ell him this message; but (hon thaU theii
find thy sou dead, for as (hnu en(eres( (he city he ' .
shall ifepart this life: yet shall be be burled with
the lamenlulion of all (be multitude, nnd honor-
ed «rith a general- mourning, for he is the only _,^k .
person of golidness of Jeroboam's family."-'^ v*"
When the prpphet had Ibretold these events, the '
woman went hastily aWav with a disordered
mind, and greatly grieved at the death of (h«
forcniimed child : So the wat in hmenlolid'n.as
she went alpng the roatl.and nioiirned for the.
ion In Eitypt, and bad It not tiefbre Mane(bo,(h« ft
mous E/iyptlan ChronOlotier and blttorian, who knew
tlie history of his own country inur.h hctter (ban Hero
dotua, complaint frequently of bis mistakes about ihitirK' 1
alTairt, as decs Jotephns more than once In thiscbap'^
icr; nor Indeed does llerodolua teem at all arquoinlM
wftb the affaln of (be Jciia; for ns he never nainea (hem.
to Utile or nolhlni! of whni be soys ahoiit tbem.tlielr . '. ■"
roumry, or mnrldme cities, two or wmrh ht a)o|^ '.
mendons, Gady(ot and Jenysus, proves (rue; nor la-
deed do (here appear (o have ever been any such cttitt * :^
nnllitlrcntili . ■- fi — -^^^ '• .
•ii^slb nf
was imlie
voidable
but 11) • II
iif h< r Ul
n.iidcl (hi
run I d lit
Itiiud. A
she loniiil
aa lite pre
I in uiuttii
/. Vet
I, > heart, I
i>ii> arm),
AlM|ith, t
renlril li
liilies, fill
lUil tslie
lnllllll, lie
II coiirnKr
his \iiuili
lie I hoae
mil Jem
I'Hiiii. iiikI
lire pa red
^llWwm,
TnifTIi''
Nu<\,aa
. I mil anil
Vliijith •(
, ing'nilli
Jrruliotu
he li«<l t<
' begun lo
•rilled ll
Mu'ir rill
vii>ir«elvi
(tot litit
■•'• lather, ni
bunni, iin
(hose, H
reign, ui
which ll
itreattT)
• i.in irC i
• njoy it 1
(karpun
whiit in I
he hntir I
.•irereilii
offer, am
vet wlie
' irehled I
to you ll
pllaiu'e I
iiiigrr fo
alily .>;>'
;, I'ruui hit
Xt) liiive
and not
Hgrexab
fidiiest i
note net
Suloinni
tor ineii
.ifcconnt
I'oiiDiilei
you coi
itrmy «i:
- I'nr vicli
idt.-irs ll
demon*
giout w
•This
g' 19 kin o«
irnry lo
Herbaps
Out was
tBy 11
of Ave I
and rclH
liigaatio
■f'-..
' - .■ ■■
-7^^-*?- —
. -,:—:_. .;.:v -^ -■ ■
y-^—- -, ^- ;tr:™
z._^_'_~ '.r
■t:::i:lz::^A.
-.■.,..-_ o_
l:ii:ix|
.' ^.
. " i* - ■
■ ■ V ' ■
/ ■■■■ --. A : <■ '■
■y
V
-...>■■;.
;..•;;:.:-■■ .-■,>
'■
HAKXI.
m
■'ii(iilli n( hrr lOii, thi
WM iniliril ill ■ IHIM I
toiilnblr iiiiMrjr •if l<i< <l
bill ii| I iP'lhutUiu'r* iiry
iif hif •nni for llm nr.m.
Midtil «ho ^»wiiii>r •!< Ii*f »(i
Ion I il let m»k¥ •■irli liu>li> oii
IhihiI. AironliiiKlv.wlii'n <I
»lii< liiuiiil ihnt Ihv rliilil liiiii
itallir |ira|>h)'l hilil mmIs am
> irt'itiiittiinrr) 111 Ihx kliiK. |
'it \ I lillil iKil Ji'ruliiiiiiii I IV liny "f
t^htarl, |iiU Itii briMixbl luirllii'i » MifWpmr
• iii> Nriii), •ml iiinl* » wiirlil>i> i i|^iili<>ii^Nin*l
Aliijuh, lh« •iin iif Hi hiilitwiii, whii Imil •ilf-
fciilril lin liilliir ill Ihi' kiiiKiftmi "t, <•"' •""»
tiitn'«, fur III- il)»|iiiMil liiiii hriilum' iif lilf nH''.
lUit when 111 hiiiril of IIih <'t|y<ililiiiii of Jim-'
Imhiiii, 111' ivm ii'il ullrtKlilril Hi If, tml |inin.| of
II coiiriiKroUii lriii|ii«r of Idiilil, fillMTinr liolli lo
h^ln inuili, Mli'l to Ihr tiii|M« of liK ini'iiiys •■•
lie i'lio»r him im uniiy '>'!• of tl"' Iw" In*"". »U'I
I, lit Jirolniiiiir III II lilNi'i' riill<'il iiiiti|i|t /i inn-
iHiiii. mill |>ili-lit'il Ilia ('nm|i iivnr till' iitliri, niul
iil»|.(irril rvirj lliliiK iiril'nyiry lol" llir llgfcj.
liW urmy roii>i<<<'il of loiir (humlrcil (linii*M<t,
*"™TniJTlr« BriS^if Ji:Poiiri»iil ^M» rtujihtu ti it.
Nu» .»• lilt" •wwl'i'.'ioiiil ill i)rrn.Vi>'»').v •'"• '"'•
. limi Mill >lniiert«, mill win' Aiinl Koiii)f to IikIiI,
Alujiili •timcl ii|(.iii nil I'll! iilril.|ili»"f, mill li''il><ii(-
.inK'nilli III* linixl- 1)1' ill <iriil thi' iiiiilliluil* iiml
Jrruliutui hiiiMiif In lii'iir licdl >vilh •ikiVc* Wli.iit
111- liml lo iiiiy.' Ami ivliin •ilniri' Wht mmli'. lie
• lirKiiii (o fiM'iili, nnirtolil llimi, "(ioillmil run-
•fiiliil th«l irnvitl mill hi* iw-tcril) .hmil.l li«
rtuir riil^rii for nil timi' to roim'i wkI tlii» yoii
\oHr<i'lvi'H iiru nut iiiiiiri|iiiiiiitt'il ivilhi liiit I i'4*ii<-
out litil wuililrt- liotv )oii tli'iiitd fiirniifci* my
■ ■■ mlhrr, mirt jii|myo<tr«i'l.vi'(i lo lot «e»n»iit *'*"•
lioniii, iinil ari' iimv Iuti! Ivilli liiin to linlit iiK^rii-l
(lioi>«, hIio, liy OoiI'h iiivii ili-tiriiiiniiliim, ui'i' to
iririi, mill tu iliprin lliiiii."' liml ilniiiiMioii
wlili'li iliVy liHNi' -till nluiiitili lur bs. to' l.lii'
Kroiili r )iiiil of it, J« riiiioniii ii iiiijunlly w iiin"!'.-
• inn of it'. Iliiwivir, I tin not i.iii)|iimi<' In h ill
1 njov it iiiiv ton;;! r, iiilt wluii liii Imlli miHiriil
ttmt'(iU(li>liiiii'iit,H|iiili (ii'd l|iilik« iliii'trt liiml.iP
ivliiit in iiiut, III" will Idivi! oil till- tfi;ii»(tri'"i()ii<
II* linllr In I'll K"'''y <•'• "'"' ''"' "'ji"l'" '"' ''''•''
oircri'il loliiin, mill uliii'll lli-liiitil utitl I'untiiiliril to
oliiT, mill luitll JHfHIMllliI you ti< llo 'tllr n.llirj
\«l wInn you wrrt not iijiy I'urtlor iiiijiinlH
^ iri'Hii'il I)) my t'iillii'r tliiiii tlmt Iti' diil not Kpiiik
lo you no nn'io [iliniii'you, iinil tlii< only in dtinr
jilUmii willi Ihc iiilviiT of lyirlii'iJ inrn, yon. in
iinitrr lomook (lini, iii jou |,irrteiiil<'il, liiil in (•<■•
ality you withdniw yonrirlvMi iVoiii (ioil, iiml
iVoni lilt Inwn, altlioiiKli >' l"<<l Ixin riulil for you
ttf liiivi' fiii'i^ivt'ii B niiin tlml nun young in hj^i,
Bml not uiriT tri gnvrrn IM'0('I<', mil iinlv noniiMlii-
HKi'i'iinlilr. wunlti but if ninyoiilli iiml')iiii iin<'kil-
fiUnria in annirii lind led lii'iii iillfl nuniit iiiiforlii-
nali! iirtioni. And lliul for llt« Miki' of lii* fiilliir
Solomon, anil Ihebfiirlits yon ri-rciycd from liini,
tor iiiin nu)!l>t to exrutr Ihi! niiiii of {Histirity on
.nccoiint of lli« benefiiclioiiii of iiiirrnts; but you
cminiiierrd notliinK of all thiii tlir n, ncitliir do
vpu i(iii«idiT It now, but comi" willi i>i> ({ri ul mi
iiriny npiin't nil. Ami whutiii.il you d«|kndu|iail
- tor victory .' i« it upon thi' Koldrn hcilV'r*, and ilio
iillari thill you hiiviv on lij|tti |ila(-i;ii, wbii'ii. iiri'
diinmistniHoiii of yonr iai|it<>ty, anil not of rrli-
ciou» woraliip ! OrV it the ciictedini; inullitudi'
*Thi" iiinVlraimn nupWiioii in Jo'iiepliiiii.llinl (ioti
' It kin oW» uiiirkmiiiifliiii, c^ tliiit lir miidrhimnJf, nm
" tmry lo minnion w'nri',.iin<l in <.'nthallclNir.iiitinnity.'
ferhaiM lie only niiiiiin ttiut^lie wn* mailtifvuiii!,
tntWDaUMoriginaled. \ -^
■ tBy thin iBrrj'ilo nrdlK'fliirlly.iinpunilli'lcil aliiWilitfir
«( n»i' Imndrcd tlioiniBml iiiim ot;ili(> iii'wly tilolalrmw
knd rdwlliou'. ten irili'H,l'i«r« liijl« diii|i'i-(ivin' wnl ia-
aitaation iigarmt f^nt idolatry and relnMon Idlly ap-
m( MMir ar.iiit whii-h Rlvtl jliHi MJiii ROoil hn|i»»^
"" . rl.iinly llui'n U liu ■IrvilKlh a* »ll "• •"
111 iimnv tin lliulii«n>\>. Wfirii Itir. i«*r ■•
I. liif 111' oii|lit Ilk iilW'f our •■''<'•* ^>i>''*
1... iiK'iln-l our <M<iiiv» In ri||hl»oMiii»»n
Miiil iii|iiilV l«Hiiril>l>i*il, «lilih hull* ••
l> X , •itiii'Vii lii|»i' kipdhr liiitr* liuiii* tlt«
nil , mill hatii niir>hii)|i^il iiur vwH iiwii
.jii> iioi iiiitifi by hai(i(« dnl of I urrnplilil*
IT, iKir wii« lir fiiruird by ii:Mii Lid hiiiK, in
I lo diiiiii' iIm' iiMillituili I l'"l wtio i« hi"
liMn workiiiaii«htii,* mill Itii' brtfinniiiK and fnil
.ilall thinn«, I imrtfiiri' ki>'' ."'" <'■>'"•« I »»"»
now to ri|iiiit, and tii lakr billir luliin', and to
l»au' oir llu' pro'ii-iuli'in of th» wiiri »nil to •'•II
111 iHiiiii tlir liii«« of your rounlry, and to ri'Hecl
whiil il hiilh liii n that bath kilvnuii'dyou to Ml
liappv a "tiili" H- )iMi »ri' now in."
.1. riii> «yii> till- njifprh wlitlh Abijah mad* lo
tin- inultltiujr, HiU Whilr Jir wa* «lill npiakmn,
jrrolioaiii Mill •onii' of hi« iu(liliir» privalfly In
i'ni"iii|Hi-< Aliiiub ruuml aliuul, on ii riain fmtii
of llir rijnip tfiiit Ki'^i' Mot lahin nolni' of( aiid
Wlii'ii hr wki lliu* HithJii tliK <'oiti|niMof thai'iM-'
uir, hi> arhiv umi iiirriihlid, and ihrir I'ouraKii
fiiilid ihim", but Abijah i nroura^id tlirui. «ml
rtlloHttl iHl'H
|4iat hi' iviia noi
tl« V all at onri; iinphiriil Ihi' diviim •.««i»lanr»,
whili- llii' prifia •ouildi'il with ttii' Iruinpi'l. wnti
liiry iinidr • nhnut, and fill u|Kin thiir luiniift,
uHil (iod brski' th»> i:OuniKt<,«nil rii'il down ih*
liifi'i' of thiir i'nitlli*». and, immI* Abiiidi'a array
•ufHrior lo lli^ni; fo» IJud' vootlttaOil In fraiit
ibiio il womlirrfMl and vnry fuiiKiMH vi' torvr; and
•ui'h « nluMxhtvr wn* now oiiulr of Jrrobo«ni'a
arini, a* i< iiavitf rt'i
"i oni niii|iiii I III •i,if"i^»" ,,,•,,,»■•,■«•
w'Hi l»» pbitv ^Imr bywpouliud, Xur
mil iniom|i">'>i il b/tlH' ru" my . H«
24
I'tnnii'd to havi' lia|.ipi iii-il In
any'i>tlirr»»iil^l»v|iotli»'f it Wire of Ihn (irrcka.
or 'of till- Uiiil'iFiiiiis furling ovi-nliPiw [nml
.li'H 1 liiii bun In il ihiMUiarid ol Ibnir iiH-miia, ami
Ihiv took thi'tirMronfKrut liliv^ by firrce, and a||od- .;
»d till m; Mild Ih'IiWm thoac ihi y did tin' aiini* li» ,
Uithcl iinil 111 r lowiiKi and Jrihanah and htt
It'ivn-. And aflir thiiiMn't Jirolioam ncvfr r<'- ■
rovdid h"iHi«i If duriuK lb* lid' ^if Abijidi, wlip
n t did not Ions iiurvin , fur li« riii({ii«'d IM Ihrrr
Vtiii-, and H n« Inirii'il in Juruaalrili, in llm •rpul-
iliri'i olVhii ton latliira. t[" )<li bihind hiin JB
Iwrnlv-twi »ou« and iiixtwirdauKbfiriii and h» -sP'
♦indtfiiini i-llildrin by foluhin wivia; •nil A«a , '■'
if n >n auri I'i'di d lo till' kingdom ; and tin- yOuii|; . ,
mail's iiiotliiT wuaSllriiiah. Ijiiiliir Ins riijfn the
I'onntryof llJ« Uratliu* mjoyi'd |H;u<:e lor ten
yf arn, "^^ ,
' H. And ail fur con(<rri,iiiK Abijah, the «on or
ftcliiilioum, the «on of Solomun, an Ilia hiatory
bath I'oniii down to na: hilt Jerobuain, lh» kiiik
of till' till tiibi:a. (liiil whin hr had govtroWl
llinii iwo-uiid-twi'iily ytiaraj wlioao aon Madab
aurrii'dcd liim, in thii Kioon.l yiar of the rcigo
of Aaii. Suw JiriibiiBm'a aon Roverned. twp
yi'iira, and rrac inbli.il hit falhrr in inipiely and
wii'kiilni'fa. Ill «liiai! two ycara hi' ni»di' «n ««-
niditiiin aK«""»' *•"»'"'•'"'"» " '•'•X of l*>e I'hilii.
lini'a, and niiittnued the •"■■RO i'> otiUr lo lake
it; hut he *»* conspired ii(,'uin«t while he WB»
Ihi'if, by a I'riend of lii", wlniae iianii! waa Baa-
xlia, the aon of Abijah, and wua aluin; wliicU
Unaahu took tliir kijiKdoni after lln^ olher'a death.
and dcalroyed tlie wliolii fioine of Jeroboam. .It
iii^o eame i» iiBui, airordiiij; nalJyd had fnrelold,
lliut !icMH«!of i'tobonm'a kimlrid that died in the
rity were torn to picCea and devoured by tltiga,
pparrd; the reniainilrr were tlirreliy •crloiwljr tantlop-
I'lliKrt loiiowW inllieni,and akdidMfliiitaiirtoreqnl: » ■
llliriinnH|uilHiaUplictweeniliolel»aiiilllieiWOIrilie»ror . .- .. |1
lhi'liiiieiofonie;wlilleotliorwla«tliejiiipi'tuallyldola-' '^ •
Itouaaiid retiellioua tentrltieii would naturally have
hiwn WO powe'Cil for fe l>yo-lrHii'«, which were prolty
freiiui'iilly fieef'OIh frnniMirVi iifohitiy Biiil rclwllion.
\,,,la il.,.tii:iiiv ri'iiaiin lo iliillhl of the trulii of tlita <
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iiiiii tbat olherii of thvin that ilied in tli<> firlili
tvere torn an<l dtvourctl by ilic I'uivM, So llic
liouM ol' Jeroboam lulfcrrd tlic junt piinitliiiicnl
uf hit inipiciy a"^ °'^ '''.* ^i'^''*'' "*^'''"*''
CHAP. XII. •
■r How y,trah, King eftht Klhiopia'ns, Ka» btaitn
Ini ^iia; and hine ^Utt.'iivonJiaasha'a making
liar againit him, invHcil the King uf' Ihi Da-
mascciUloaititthimf andho\ii,unllu! JJtilruc-
-.v^ tion of Iht tionii nf Haatha, Omri p>l llu
Kingdom, ps.Uid hii-San Jthab afUr htm.
■; 1. j*rOW Ai>A, thtt.kiiig nl' ■'eruaairni, nils of
Bit ( xci'llcnt rfaiirnctcr, and hnd u iTgard to (,ia(f;
%hil ncillitTjIid nordrtigncd luiy thing but wlint
I bad rrlation to the obacrvntion of the hiiv. Il<'
- '., inade a ri loiiiiiitiun of bit kingdom, uml itiit oil
whatsoever vias iviikcd tli<:i'< iii> <ind purillcd it
. from every impurity, ^ow he hud iin urniy of
■:hoien men IhiU wrre'nriiicd with turrets and
•pears; out of the tribe of Jiichih three hundred
thousand; and out of the tribe of lienjaniin, thut
bore shields and. drew bow», tivo'huiidred and
~ fifty thousand. But Mhi-n lie had already reign-
. ed ten ^cars, Zcra)i king of Kthiopia made iin
expedition against bini,* with a greivt anny of
nine hundred thousaiid footmen, and oih^ hundred
thousand horsemen, nud three liuudn d rhnriols,
itnil came as idr us Mureshnli, a city that be-
loagcd to the tribe of Judah. Hiov when /eriih
/ Imu passed so far with iiis ofrq nriny, Asa nict
him, and put bis armv in array over against him,
, I. ,in » valley ealled Zephathan, not far froiu the
" "^ . eity; and when he saw thf inultitudc of tifc
. ' Ktliiopians, he cried ont, and besought Ciud to
give kini the victory, and ,tbat he might kilt
many ten thousands of the enemy: "For," said
. he, " I depend on nothing else but that u^sistanc^e
.''''. ^vhich I expect from thee, which Is abk to make'
the fewer superior to the more nu|iierou», and
.' the weaker to the stronger; and thence it is
iilone that I venture to meet /eruh, and fight
^ him."
2. While Asa was saying this, God gave him a
■ signal of victory, and joiuing battle cheerfully on
account of what God had tore'tdd about "It, he
r.lew a great many of the Ethiopians, and when
he had put them to flight, he pursued them to the
country of Gerar; and when they left oil' killing
theirenemies, they betook themselves (o spoiling
them, (for the city Gerar was already taken,!
and to spoiling their camp, so that they carried
otfmuch gold, and much silver, and a great deal
.'. of [other] prey, and camels, and great cattle, and
flocks of sheep. Accordingly, when Asa and his
army had obtained such, a victory, and such
wealth from God, they returned to Jerusalem.
- Now Is they were coming, u prophet whose
name was Azariah, met them on the road, and
bade them stop theirjoumey a little; and bcsan
to say to them thus: that " The reason why they
had obtained this victory from God was this, that
they had shown tbcmselves righteous and refi-
gious men, and had done every thing according
to the will of God; that therefore he said, if they
persevered therein, God would grant that they
.. ibouki always overcome their enemies, and live
•^,' happily: but that if they left off his worship, all
things shall fall out on the contrary ; and a time
«boiild CQmc,f wherein no true prophet shall be
' ■■ ■ , , left in your whole multitude, nor a priest who
shall deliver yon a true answer from the oracle;
but your cities shall be overthrown, and your na-
. , _ tion scattered over the whole earth, and live the
* The reader is toremfmber that Ctith ianot Etkio-
, fia^ huX ■Arolia.' Bee Boeharf, b. iv. chap, ii.
t Here is a very great error in our Hebrew copy in
thia place, S Cliron. xvi. :i-^, asapplyinR what rolfows
to times past, and not to times future; wlience that text
— i s nuite mis a pp liad by Sir Isa a c W a wt o n
ANTIQUITIES^" TUK JEWS.
WV) of sli-ai'lgers and H'nuilertri'.j' So he nilviiinl
tliein, wliile they had time, to I>e good, niid not
to deprive themselves of the favin- oi' *v<>il:
When the king and the peopje heard this, (lie)
rejoiced: and all in common^ and every djie iii
parlii'ular, took great cure.to behave Ihemx Iven
rightroUklv. The king also sent some tu lake
ciirc that (lidiie iii tlie country should observe the ^
laws also. HI* •
3. And this was the state of Asa, king of the: A
two tribes. I noiVi rrtMr^ to Kansha. the king
of the multitude of the Israelites, who .^lew Aa-
dab, the son p/ Jeroboam, and retained (he go>
vernincnt. He dwelt in thecity of Tirtah, ha«ing
made that his habitiitinn, auil reigned t-wenty-
four vf'or.i. Il« hi raiiie more wicked and imp!-
Otis tliaiv Jeroboam or lii^ xon. Me did a (.'it'at
deal ut'misi'hief to the iu>lll>tude, and was iiyilri-
OkUs to God, who sent the )ii'ophet Jehu, and t«,Ul
him beforehand, that "his whole family shoulfl
be df stroyeil, and that he would bring the same .
miseries on his liQuse which had brought that oi'
Jeroboain to ruin; because, when he had breii
made king by him, he hiid not requited his kind-
ness by governiAglhc multitude rii^htcously aii.I
religiuu^y; which thing*, in the first place, tend-
<'d to their own liappineiss, und in the next phut
were plcdsing to God; that he had imilateil thi-
very wicked king, Jerdbnuni: and although that .
man's soul baxi (lirfshed, ytt did he express to^.
the last his wickedness.; and he said, that he
should tlierefon: Jusll|r experience the like cala-
mity with him, since he had been guilty of the
like wickednessi Uut liaosha, though l^e heani
beforehand what miseries would befiiH him aiid
his. whole fulnily lor their Tnttolcnt behavior,
yet did i^ot be leave oH' Ills wicked practices for
the time to com<^, nor did he care to appear to be
other than wiirse and worse till he died; norelid
he then repent of his past actions, nor endeavor
to obtain pardon of dod for tlieni, but dUI .a«
those do who have rewards proposed to Mieui ,
when they have once in earnest set about their
work, thev do hot leaVe oil' their Itibors; fur
thus did iiaasha, when the prophet luretold to '.
Jiiin what would cortie tp'jiass, gri)W worse as
if what were threatened, the perdition t)f his
family and the destruction of his house, (which .
are really among the greatest of evils,) were ,
good things; and as if he were a ci>mbatant for
wickedness, he every day took more and more
pains for it; and at last he took his army, and
assaulted a certain considerable city called Ra- .•
mah, which was forty fiirloogs distant from
Jerusalem; und when he had taken it, he forti-
fied it, having determined beforehand to leave
« garrison in it, that they iuight thence make
excursions, and do miscMef to the kingdom of
Asa.
4. Whereupon Asa was afraid of the attempts
the eneniv might inake upon him, and consider-
ing with liimself how many mischiefs tiiis army
that was left in Ramah might do to the country
over which h<! reigned, he sent ambassadors to
the kihg of the Dainascens, with gold and silver,
desiring his assistance, and putting him in mind .
'hat we havc,had a friendshi|i together from the
times of our forefathers. So he gladly received
the sum of money, and made a league with him,
and broke the friendship he had with Baasha,
and sent tiie commanders of his own forces into
the cities that were under Baasha's dominion,
and ordered them to. do them mischief. So they
went and burnt some of them, and spoiled others,
Ijon,and Dan, and Abelmain,} and many others.
that liclonfed to the land of Israel, and bordered on the
country'of Dainasrus, igfupposed lioth byHudaondnd
Si^nheim to lie the same with Ahel or Abila, whence
came Aliilene. Tliis may be that city so denominated ^
from Abel the righteous, there liuried, roncerninit the
shedd i ng of who se b l ood within tl i e ron i paw a f th e l a nd
i
4Tliis AlielmaiR, or. In Joseph>i«'8 copy,,Al)ellane,
of liiraei. ■ understand our !;aviuur's words alwui the ~
'i\:
■r
u
BOOK V11I.-*-CIlAP. XUl.
161
7«ow when the kiiiK of Innul hi-urd Ihu, In- \eH
lilt hutliiing uiid furtif) ing Itniiinh, and ri'turneil
iinwcntiy to uiiat lii« oMii |M'npt6 under the .dii-
trfunei they w«rt in,; hut A«» inudp im« of.thn
iimtrrinla tbut were preparrd fiir biid<linK that
oity, for buiUlhig hi the jiinic (ijuce twi> tlruilC
rilivi, the oncot' which was cidlcd (irhah. and
ihe other iMiipah; «o that after thi« Ihianha had
rtu leinurc to make, exiwihtioiin agniiiit Ai«a, roi<
lie wan jireK'ntcd by iic»lh, arid W8« bnrird in
the city Tirtah; aiid Klah hi* aoii took the kiiig^
ilom, vihit', wlieii he had rciifiieil two years, ditu,
iifliiig Ireacherouiily nlain bv Ziiiirirtho captain
hen tif
VMM: xm
Uov) Jlhal),when lit had laktn JiuMtl lo W^.
btcinne more witktd Ihanall the Kingt Ihttt nai'
J)ffn htfore him. (iftht Jlcliontnftht Prophet
EUjah ; and ulliat befell A'abolh. -
} t. Now Aliab, the Viiig of Iirarl, dwelt in
Saniariu, and hidd the ^nvcrnnK'nt for twenty-
twU ycAra; and iiiadc^jio'iiUcralinn in. the ciu-
dut^ of'the kini!;* that were hii prcdrciiiiiora, l^ut
t>nl.t in iiuch thiuK* an were i>l' his own invention .
for'the worse, ami In hiii ninat gro?! wiikcdneiix
He Imitated them in their wickid ronr«'i>, and in
of half hi* army ( fo'r When he W^a Vt -Ann', hi» theii injuripiiH Iwhavior lowurdi« Uml, and mbw
.teward'a hoa«^, he ncrnuaded some of the I ^KprtrHUy he nuitaled the traii»(frc s»ion ol Jero-
horaemcn that were under him to a^-iJiuU Elah, i hoaii ; for he womhippcd the lirifers fhiil he had^
nnd by that nieann he slew him, when ho wnii ' inmhj; and he contrived ollnr abiinril ohj<'<lii i>t
without Ilia armed nien and hi> i-'aptiiiiM, for thejr
were alt busied in the Hiegi: of'liil>be.t1ion, a city
of the' Philistines
J. When Ziniri, the captain^of the armj-, bad
killed Kjah, he took the -kingifoni himself, and,
arcordijiK to Jehu's prophecy) slew nil the h.ouse
of Jiaasiia; for it cbine to paw tliut JJaasha'a
' house utterly periihed, on account of his impiety,
ill the isnie- manner as we have ftlrcady- de'-
lieribed the destruction of the houHe'sf Jeroboam ;.
bnt the army that was besicgip;; (iit>bethnn,
wheji tjK^y heard what had hefitilen the kinj{,
,und that when Zimrt had killed him, ho had
^ined the kinedoin, they made Oniri, their pene- j
ral, king, who drew o'l his arniy from Ciibbcthon,
and came to Tirtah where the royal .palace was,
and assaulted the city, nnd look iuby force, liut
when Zimri saw that the city had lionc to defend
it, he lied into the inmost part of the palace, and
>et It on tire, and burnt himself with'lt, when he
■ had. reigned only seven days. Upon which the.
people of Urael were presently divided, and part
of tncni would have .Tibni to be kin)(, and part
Uwri; but when those that .wer^ for Oinrj's
ruling had beaten Tibni, Omri rcigned_over all
the multitude. Now* it was in the thirtieth year
.of the reign of A»n that Omri reigned, (for
twelve yearsi) six of these ycar» re reigned in
the city of Tinrih, and therest in the ?.ity called
Sciuareon, but named by the (Irceks haniaria;
but he himself ciflled it Semnreon, ftoni Se_nier,
who .sold, htm the mountain whereon he built it.
. Now' Omri was noAvay different from thoscjcings
that reigned before hini, but that hegrew ^werse
than they; fo' they, all sought hdW'they might
turn the people away from God, by their daily
wicked practices; and on that account it was that
Ood made one of them to be slain hv another,
and that no one person of their families should
remain. This Omri also dieil at Samaria: and
Ahab his son succeeded htni.
6. Now by these events we may Icnrn what
-- concern God hnth for the all'airs o^mankind, and
how be loves eood men, and hutes the wicked,
and destroys them root and bram'h : for many
of these kings of Israel, they iind their families,
were miserably destroyed ainl taken aivay one
by another, in a short time, fqr their transgres-
sion and wickedness; but Asa, who was king of
Jerusalem, and of the two tribes, attained, -by
God's blessing, a long and blessed old a^is for
his piety and righteousness, and died happily,
when he bad reigned forty. and one years :»aim
whep he was dead, his son Jehoshaphat succoed-
rd him in the government. He was born of
' Asa's wife Azubah. And all men allo\yed that
he Allowed the works of David his forefather,
and this both in cout«g« and piety; but we arc
not obliged now to speak any more of the affairs
of this king.
worship besiili's those heifers; lie aUo took to
wife 'the daughter of I'.thbaul, king of the Tj
rians and i^iJonians, whose name .was JiielieJ,'
of whom he learned to ivorship her own gwts. ■,,
This wonian was active and bold, JMid fell into so
great a degree of hiioHrity and madness, that she
built a le.m)Je to the (^d of (he Tyrians, wHicli
they c»ir Ueln», and planted n gruvo of all sort*
of trees; she also a|)ppiiited p^i<■^ts and false pro-
phets to "this god.. The king also himself had
many such about him, and so exceeded in mad-
ness and wickedness all [the kingsj that went
before him>
2. There was now 4 prophet of Odd Almighty,
of'Theabon, » country in (lilead, that came to
Ahab, and said to bini, that "God foretold lio
would not senrl rain nor dew in those years, Unon
tlie country but when he should ap|)enr, ; And
when he had confirmed this by fin o.ath, he de-
parted into the' southern partsi am) made his
abode bv a brook, out of which he had water to
drink; for as for his food, ravens brought it to
him every day; bnt when that river was dried
up for want of rain, he came to /■.irepliafh, a
city not" far from Sidon and Tyre .for it lay b<;-
tween them, and this at the coiniimnil ot'God,.
for [God told him] that he Sliouhi tlifre find • .
wonian who ivas a wid.ow, that should give hiiii
sustenance; so viheR he was nut fur olf (lie cilv.
he saw a woman that labored witli hir own
hands ^atheriiiff of sticks; so God informed him
that this was the woman who was to give him
sustenance : so he came aiid saluted her, and de-
sired her to bring him Some water to drink; but
as she was going so to <lo, ho called to her, and
wouht have her bring hjm a lopf of liread also:
wherfiipoii she ailirnKid on oath that she had at
home nothing more than oflchnrulfiilof meal and
a little oil. and tliai she vyas goinj;' to gather some
sticks^ that she iniglK knead it, and make bread
lor herself and her son; after Hliich. she saiil,
thf.y iiuist pirisli, and be Consumed by the ft»-
miiie, for tliiy had n(»thirig for themselves any
longer. Herenpou he said, " Go bli with good
couragi;, and ho|ie for better tilings; and'first of
all make nie a little cake and brin^ it to me, for
I foretell to thee that thif vessel ol meal and this
xruse of oil shall not fail, until God send rain."
\Vben thi: prophet had. said this, she came to
him, and made liini the hcforenamed cake; of
which she had part for herself, and gave the rest,
to her son, and to the prophet iilso; nor did any
thing of this fail until the drought ceased^ Now
Menander liKUtions this drought in hi> "croynt
of the acts of Etbbaal, king, of the Tyrians-,
where he says thus: "Under him there was »
want S( rain from tbeinontliHyperberetajus till
the month HyperbereL-euii of the year following:
but when he made tuppliCBtions, tlierc came
great thunders. This Kthliaal bnilt the city of
fatal war and overthrow of Judea hy 'turn and bis Ro.
man army, "That upon you may come all the rii;ht.
»oiia hloOfl }4hpd up<in the lantl. from the blood of
Barachias, «!liom ye slew Jielween tin temple .ind
llie aliat. Veiily I say unto yon, all thtsc thniKs shall
romeH|ion i::sgcn?riilion.'' Mat;. 'Xii:. :ir>. 36; Luke
tii;litcou8 Abel to tlic blood ut' /.acliaiias, son of
xi. 31
Iti8
ANTIQUITIES OK TlIK JTAVS.
Hotry* ill t'hiBDicin, mid (hocily of Aiffn )n l.^^ go uwny iiiln niiniliir |i|iicc, ami llint wlirn ilm-
iivii.'^ . ">• 'liinn wiTiU he tltmijiuul thiii ivimt oT tins nrKiiilil arnil l.iiii I'of Wijali, uiid lie -liuiilil
iiiin tlvil "'Ki ill IIh' (liiyt gl Ahuli, Tur iit (liiit ' mix hI' liiiii, luiiJ iml liu hIiIV to linil liini miy
iii|ie il Will lliiit r.Uiliuiif ul»o nigiitkl over tliu ivhcrr iipnii until, liv nlmuM bo nut tii d«;i<lh
Tynnii!^! Miimmlir mrornii u«. Id'. U< »iif il liiiu tlieri loi* *<> take enrr of liii nri!
J. ^p\v tliis Hoiimii, of whom »vc npiikf lirforr. (trVulioii; hikI iold liiiii huw (liliKtiilly In- hail
l<inliii*taini-il tlm ilronlul, when hcrnoii «u« fiil^ jiroviilid for iIiom) of liii) own prot.ii!iioii,niiil liuil
III into Hilinti'iiiut'r till hfr|(nvp u|>lhrKlio>t, uiiil taviil u hiiiiilrcd |iro|ilii Is. whin Jixiiiil ,\mv
iippeni't-d to l)c dtad, raiiit to tliii nrophi t wtep- thi.' ritt of tin iii d hiid ki'p'l Uhi-iii 'cunrviikd,
■ iiiK, und lieiitiiiK l"r bri'iut with licr hiiiidit. i|iid i iiml that ihiy liiiil htm mittuiiied by him. liut Kl '
•indinif out miuh i'xprfHuioiu ns hit paanioii* die- | iuh bado liln'i fciir ii»tliili){, l)ut')(olo thu kiiii;; jtii
tnted to hiT, arid coiiipliiiiied to ^liin. llmt hi! had "iif imuri'd him upon oiii.li, lliut hu would cir'tnin-
rniiie to her to reprotH.>|i In r for hrr xinii, ami that ; ly nbow himself to v\hali t'liut very day.
,'U this account it was that liir »on «a» iliail. I j. So uliinOlmdiah had infomud Uii' king llmt
Hut hi! budr Ir^it l>c of good ch«iT,«ml 4|liviT' Klijuli ivai'thiTo, Ahuli mi;t hnii. autTaitkt'd hiln
I-
mid
X
iiir ion to liiiii;_for that he would itilimr him
MKHiii to her alive. So when >hi' liiiil lUtivered
Jiir son up to him, he cufried liiiii inlo ini-ti|iper
room, wh«r«.|ui hiiusi'h' lodged, and juiil him
*ilown upon the beef; and Cried unloriod, and said,
that "liod -had not ilonu wfll in rewarding the
woiiHiii tvho Inid entertaiiiril him, and siiHtuineil
liim, by takin|raw»y her son; and he prliycd that
h« U'ould send, ogam Ihv soul of the child into
Accordingly
binij and bring him to life agiiiii
in aii;;er, " If he Were tin' iiiun that alllii'li'd tli*
people lif t'le liebrewn, und was the occasion of
tlie dioii''hl (hey lay under." Hiit Klijiih, with-
out any lV<tlcry, saiil, "That he was hliiiarlf the
nian^ he and his house, n hich had liroiighl such
sad ulUictfoiis upoii tlieni, and tlialby iiitivdiiciiig
strange gods into their country, tnid worship,
ping them, and by leaving their o^vn, who was
the only. true (iod, and having iiu manner of re-
gard to hiifi." However, hu bade jliii.) go his
tiod look pily oh tht! niotlicr, and was h illhig to I way, and gitlirr together all the people to him,
gratil'y the piophet, that he niight not seeinlo- to "iiiimnt l-'hrniel, with his own prophets, and
have vonie to her to do her uiiiis*iief; and the ' those .of his wife, telling hini li(|iv many there
child, beyomi all esjiectation, came to lil'e again. | were ofthiiii,iis iiiso the prophets of the groves,
So the inotlier returned the prophet tliaiiU, and about I'onrhnndi'ed in number: And as all the
said she was then clearly satislied that tJod dill | men whom Ahab sent for ran nWav'tu the ford
• >■
converse with him.
4. After II little while Elijah came to; king
Ahab,* i>ccordinglO'(,iod's will, to infomi him that
rain wait coining. Kow. the famine had seized
upon tho whole country, and tliere was ii gneat
ivnnt of what was ntreessary far sUstiiiuni'eS iii-
aoniuch, that a was not only imn l.hat wanted it,
but the earth itself also, which ilnl -not . produce
enough for the horses und the other beasts, <if
what was useful fur tlieili to feed on, bv reiisiin
of the drought. So the kiitgtiilled for Obadiah,
who Was steward over his cattle, and said to hiiii,
"That he would have him go to the fountuiiis of
water, and to the brooks, thatif any hVriis could
^ned iiiAiiiitajn; the proiihet KLijitli stood in the
vm\>t of them, and said, ." I low long will ynii
Jive tliiis in uncertainty of .mind anil opinion.'"
lie als6 exhorted I hem, that' in case they estcein-
ed their own -ciuiiitry tiod fo be the fnie and
only tiod, . they Avould follow. him iiiul hU4:oin-"
mnnilments; but in case they, rs|eenied hinito
lie nothing, but had un opinion of tJie stran*^
gods, and liiat they ought to worship tlwui, lus'
itpuii-'el was, that they slionhl follow them. Aiuf
when tile niullitude made lio answer, to wli^
he said. Klijah desired, that for a trial of the
power of the strange goils, and of theiivown
. tiod, lie, who was his only prfijihet, wliile tiiev
be found for them, they iiiiglit mow it down, und:, had. four hundred, iiiight take -a hiifn', anil
reierveitfor the boasts." And when he had sent J kilj it fs a sacrilice, and lay ^tjfepon piccesol'
person^ all over the habitable iMii I li.f to discover: wood, and not kindle any iiir^.artd that they
ihe prophet Kliiah, and they could not find him, should dothe.same things, and c*H upon their
he bade Obiidiali acioinpaiiy him; so it was re- . own gods to set the wood on /ire, /or if that
solved they should make a progress, and divide j were done, thev would thence learn the iiature
the ways between them, and Obndiali look one oflhc trm IuhI. This jjroposal pleased the peo-
road and the king another. Aow it happened, , pie. .<o I'.lrjali baric lh(l prophefs to choo,e out.
that the same time when i|iieiii Jezebel slew the j a heifer (irst, and ;kHi. It, ami to call on their
gods; lint when tli€;re aiipeared no effect of the
pravi'r or il)voi'atioii"i><' tfie prophets upon tiieir
sacrifice, Klijah di<ridcd them, and bade them
call upiin their gods with a loud voice, for thev
prophets, that this Olnjdiah had hidden a hundreil
prophets, anil had I'wfuhein with nothing but
bri'ad and water. Hut when ObadiiOi was al.lne
and absent from the king, the prophet l;'.iijah met-
him: antl Obadiah asked him who he Was; and
Avhcn he hjd learned it from hiin, he w.irshipped
him. Elijab then bade him ^o to the ling, and
"tell him that I am here ready t'l wait on Tii'iik"
but Obadiah replied, " What evil have I done to
thee, thatthou seiidest me to one vvliiiseeketli to
kfll thee, and hath sought over all Uie earth for
thee? Or, was 1ie so ignorant as not to know
might eitlier be im a journey, or asleep; anil
when thcse'projihets liiid done'so from morning
till noon, and cut themselves with swords and
lancets,! according to the custotiit of'theii; coun-
try; and he was abott to otfer his sacrilice, he
bade fthd |>i'6pbetsY ^o away, but- bade [the
people] come nearlflifit observe wlint he did.
piece
iiiiillitiidcv he
that the king had left no place untouched unto
which he had not sent persons to bring him back,
. in order, if tlie.y could take him, to have him put i trioe ol ttieiiec
to deathi" For he told him he was afraiil lest ' altar with thein, and dug a very deep trench;
God should appear to him agaiii, und lic^shonld I and when he had laid the pieces of wood upon
he should privately hide fire among the
of wood. So' upon the approach of tlic
took twelve stones, die 1,11- each
tribe of theiieople .of the Hebrews, and built an
Coil
(tOfiios,
yearsnreai''oiMiiinaieiiiiicre,aiai in jiise|)Uns,seet.L>, cnrM.iis onr ISgpljillH' si
M tjeloncini! loiliis drought ami famine: nay. we liave Luke iv. S>.i. Wief*rlio rentrahi these espressions to
lliecx|iress nientiou of tlie thiril year, wliirli I snp|ioae j tlie (iiiHJaf'./iujca alone. goi without sutlicientaulliority
was rei'kuneil froiih ilic recovery of the wiiliiwVsnn. : or etanipjes. -
nnil Ihe reasini; oftiiis druinjlitin riiO!nieia, wliicli. (as ! J Mr. i^pnnlieim lakes notice here, that in Hie worsiiin
.Mcnaniler iiifornir. iis iicre)lns»eif one whole yciir. And ■( of .Mithra (tlio foil of ilie fersi:in«,) the priesiscut them
liol' i our S , ^lVHla^a l .J |a t. J e s uljirni. H i nt this ilr ouj l it ■ ■ c l v i s in Ih r h.iiiic u i anm r usdiU t li csi ; p r li-.-i l a lii ih'- 1
^
asu.'din all three Jcavsaiid mi iniiiith«. «s tl'cTc.ipi** ! iuvo. a'iaii ol llaal (t'lC |od of l!w^Phaiiici;ii«i.)
.1
y.
V... Sir-'
DOOk VIll.-CHAP. XIII.
188
•h««»«" •"^"l»".*r-7...^ 'rli^ .rJifr^.l. rXr...,! h..-.. not to b« di,mrb..l with th«cir.
llM nifriflcM. hrorUewd ihnn I" ftll fuiir b«rr*li
mM> the wiitrr of Ihf fountain^ niiil to I!""' '»
'. upon the ultar, till It r»ti ovei U, iiiic till ll>«
Irrnrh wm filletl with tha wat.p ponritt i«(o it.
Whtn h.' hiid done thin, h« b.ian to pra;- .1"
(lod.'nnd to invoeate him to inaku iiiaiiifm hl«
uow«r.t<i a nfopte that had alnudy birii in «n
error a lour lime: upon whirk wordi « (ire iflme
on « nudden from heaven mi^Iji^ »i«[ht (.1 the mid-
titinle, and Ml upon the altar, iind coh.umed tWe
•ttcnHce. iilUlie very water wai net on fire, and
the plate «va« beoome dry. ' .
6. Now when the Idraelite* Knw thii. they fell
down iiwn the jrrouod and womhippeil one < joi ,
and called hint the great and the only ttue tio<(,
• but they called the other* mere name*, framed
by the evil nml vile opinioiu of men. So they
caiiEht their prophet*, ami, nt l|ie ownmand of
Elijah, slew them. Klijidi nlxo Kaid to the klnR,
that he should co to diiinvr witUoul any furtlitr
tonncrn, for that in a little time he *fould nee
God »end theun-am. AccoBlmgh, Ahiib went ,
hia way ; but Klijah went up into the highest ton
of mount Cnrmil. ijml tt»t down uiKin the ifmnnd,
■\ , 1 I I.:. 1. ..:..! ......... kla Ifnaina niirl nitrU; lim
cihortvd him not to be ditlurbed with the cir
cuin>^iinceii he wat in. for that noiie of hia «iie-
niiei (honld have power over him. The voice
aUo rcimmanfled liini ty Iretlirn home, and tn or-
dikin J(h«. the «on of Nim.hl. to be kinR over
their own multituilo; and llainel of Damai<-il«,
to be over tl)fc.Syrinns and Kliiha, of the cily
pf Abel, to/hir* prophet in lii« ilead; and that
of the inmiciu*.4nultituile. loiiie «lioidd be ilain
by Hiitnel, aiiil otheo-n by Jehu. Sr» Klijah, unoii
hearinis tliia «huii(e, returned into the land of
the llelirewa.
And whV> ••* '^""'''' ■■'''»''»• ''"'
«on of Shaphat. pliiuKliiiig, and certain ptherf
with hin^ driving tw.lve yoke of pxeii, he eanie
to hHii, and iMi't bin own punnent upon hlin,
upon whi.h K.liithn brjraii to prophMV prisently.
and leavinff liin oiien, he followed Klijah. Am'1
when he desired leave to unlul* hm parent*, t.li-
inh B»ve l<im leave »o to do: ard when he had
taken hi* have of them, he f(,llc,wed him, am
became the <li«lple iiml the servant of hlijah all
the day* .>f 1ii» life. And" thu* have 1 dc«patch«d
the aflairi in wh«:h this nroj.het wa* concerned.
Now' there wii* one Nhboth of the. City liar
loXrowurd" be ."r and when he *h mhl ,«e i, to .ell him. that In; (i. Ul. which ay .o ii e^r to
cbml H"i^ l" nnV wheri, ht- .houl.l five hpn hi* own Irihd*, at what i.rice he pl'"'-. »«"»>•
notkeof if r till that tin.e the air Vmd frfen uiiKhl join them toK.lder, and .....ke I hem one
clear When the orvn»th.ul cone up, nn.l \y.A fan,. ; ami if lie woul.l not accept of nw»y for
^::;}':n,r;".^ha he -/ noth?.K.atU.eli..hepv^.n_^ave...d.^
hlh
h(?c
•eventh tfliie of h(f going up, he «ai.l that he taw
- n uniall black thin- in llje sky, not larL-er than a
mah'i foo>. When F.lljah heard that, he »ent to
Alrtib,itml desired him to gp,Bwav to the city be-
fore thd rain came down. So he tame to the
city>treel; and in a iKtlc time the air was all
obscured, and covered 'with clouds, and a vehe-
ment «torm of wind raoie upon the earthv and
with it a gfcBt dyil of rniii; and file prophet was
under a divine fury;, -jnd ran alonjf with the
king'* chariot unto' Jiiieid. a city pf liar [I»n-
7, When Jeiebel, the wife of Allah, understood
" what sign-' Klijah had wro'ugKt, ami how he, had.
. tliiin Iter prophets, she was ii«<rry, aml'sent mea-
aengers (o him, nnd by thtiu threatenetl J" «')1
him, as he had deslroyed'her prophets. At this
Elijah was aflTrigliled, and (led to the city called
Beertheba, which i» situate at the utmost limit*
of the country belonging to the tribe of Jiwlnh,
towards the land of Kdom; ami there he kft to-
servant, nnd went away into the desert; "H
prayed al«o that hfi might die. for that he-*q»
not better thau his fathers, nor lu ed he bfcj^ry
desirous to live, when thev were dead: amWie
lay and slept under a certain tree; and when
somebody awakened him, and he was risen up.
fields ill itr»tead. But NaboUi said, he would
not do so, but would keep the (misii ssion of that
land of hi* own which he had by inherflance ^
from Wiii father. Upon {his. the kingwa* grieved,
as if he had received an injury, when ho cou <1
not pet another nii.n'* pos*e*sions. and^he wonlU
neither wash himself, nor take any fliod: an*
when Jeiebel asked Mi*, w;hat it Wat that trou-
bled himi and why He would neither wash hlra-
•elf, nor eat either dinner or supper » he r«lat«d
to Ur the perverfrness of Na^oth, and how,
when he had niede use of gentle words to hun,
an'l such an were' beneath the royal authority,
hchmi been affronted, and had nOt obtained what
he desired. However, she persuaded him not
to be cast down at this accident, but to leave off
his prief, and Return to the usual care of his bwly,
for that she would take care to haveNaboth pu-
nished: and she inflnedialely sent letters to the
rulers of the Israelites rjeireelites] in Ahab i
name,»nd commanded them to fa«. «no ♦» "•
ceniMe' a congregation, and to set Naboth at the
head of th<:m, because ^e was of an illustrious
faniilv. and to have three bold men ready to bear
witness that he had blasphemed God and the king,
and then to stone hinuftiid slay hiin in that man-
ner. Accordingly, wTienNaljoth had been thus
somebody awakened hiro, and he was risen up, ner. «cc,.rm..s.,, ..,.^.. "■ "J" " r , .,, ,
he found food fct by him, arid water; so when he testified against, as the queen lv«d written to
td eauntd recoS'lds strength by. that hi, thein, that\e had ^ -f^-'-d »f^'»^^^^^
food, he came to that mountain « liich is called I Ahab he kinp.'he ''•'»''*'1„„''™ •" '"""gPAhab
iiina where it is related that Moses received i son of Naboth's vineyard on free cost, so AMD
hiTTaw"^;n.'G<:^jt^ finding there . certain was .lad "♦-•""l^e'^rt".' -^i't"; IT'o"^"?.
I 1 i.:..i„ :< „.„i >,..ii >„„t>l In T.,D>i;iiielv from the bed wnereon ne lay. lo go «
hollow rave, he entered into it, and continued to
make his abode in it. But when a certain voice
came to him, but from whence he knew dot, and
asked him, "Why he was come thither, and had
left the city 1" He said, that "because he had
alain the prophets of the foreign gods, and had
persuaded the people that he alone whoin they
had worshipped from the beginning was God, he
was sought Ibr by the king's wife to be punished him to De tnus cauciii '." ""'. ■";■■", "Vd" hn.iJ
fcr so doing" And whence had hear<f «noth«>. -that " iD.that very pface in wh'c h the <l*«d body
voke te lin- him that he should tome, out the of Naboth was eaten by dogs, both jilt PWnblood
ne« day hilo the open air. and should thereby and that of his wife sl.ouliTbe shed, and that all
know wL he was to clo, he came out of the cave hi^ family should perish, because he had been
mediately from the bed whereon hejay, to go to
see Naboth'i vineyard; but Gqd had great indig-
nation at it, and 'sent Elijah the prophet to the
field of Naboth, to speak to Ahab, and to "T to
him, that "he had slain the true owner of that
field unjustly." And as soon as he came to him
arid the king had said.that he might do withhim
what he pleased, (for he thought it a r'-prpach to
him to be thus caught in his sin.) Llijah said,
... .. ;_..i.-. . ^l„;... in lubirh the dead body
Know Wimi lit: «•»» *" "", "- — i. 4. J
the next day accordingly, wlien be both heard
an earthquake, and saw "th« bright, splendor pf
* For Irar we may here read twith Cocreloi) /»m»<w,
i c. of the irllic of Isarliar, for to that trilie did Jezreel
belong: and ptcaentlyat the bejlnnhijof sect.*, a< also
so insolently wicked, and had slajn a citiien un-
justly, and contrary to the laws of the country.
eh IT •eft.4.wemayreadfor /wr.wlihoneMB.L.-
W." indole Scripmre. J«r,^; for tfaU wMth« eUy
meant in the history »f Naboth, |
.\.-
184 ' ' . ANTIQUITIES OP THE JEWS.
tftreunon Ahiib htg»n to bo aorry for Die tWinf*
ne hnu (lonr, nnil lo rrpi'iitof llirm, imii he iiiii
• I'"'
on »< kcliitli, Hiiil vvriit twrrfciol, nnit WKiiltl not
loMchiiny riinil:* li« alao conri'Mt'd lii» niiii, aii<l
ciKli'ivorad lliui la ■ppriiw (trMl. Itut (IikI mjiI
lo the iiniphet, Ihnt " while Ahiib WHt living he
would |iut uti Ihe puniahinriit of hl> fmiiilv, be-
cnote he rrpeitled i>( Ihiiti' iiiaolent crliiiV» he
hnd been, gullu uf, but thHtitill ho would fulfil
hi* ibrKatrniiiK under Ahub't ion." Which luei-
Mge the iiro|ihet delivered tu the king.
CHAP. XIV.
. tttv) Itadad, King of DammcutMd nf Syria;
maile tuio t'.xpiiittotu againit Jfhab, and teat
bti^ttn.
} I. When th* ari°a1ri of Ahab were thui, at
that very lime thf jion of Hadad [Henhadad,]
who wua l^iiig of the Syriain and of Duuimcui,
got togtthi^ an army out of all hia country, and
procured thirty-two kinfft beyond Kuphrales lo
. be hit auxiliarira: lo be niai^c an (ixpwlition
anintt.Ahub; but becauae Ahab'a arniv waa not
liKe that of Benhfdad'i, he did nut act it in array
to light hiui, but having ahut up ev<'ry thing
that wait in the couiitry, in tbe alrouei^at citie*
he hj«l, he- abode in Sauiaria hiiniirVr, for the
walla about it were very atroiig, and it nppearcd
to b* nut easily to be taken in other respetta alao.
. So the king of Syria took hia army with biui,
nnd came ti) Saniarlft, and placed hia nruiy round
about th« city, and besieged it. He aUo acnt n
nerald to^Aliab, und deaired he would udinit the
' ambasaadora h.e woul<l aend hini, by-whoiu lie
would let him^ know hi» |;leaaure. So irpiiji the
kiug of laraera iiermi^wion for hiiu to^end,
• thoae auibaaaadors cani^ and, by their king'a
command, apnke thuai^that " Ahab'a richea, and
hit children, and b^s wivca, were tienhiid^d't,
■nd if be would rttake an agreement, and give
him leave to take na nTu^ of what he had.aa he
pleased, he would withdraw hiaanny, and leave
off the eiege." ITpon |hia, Ahab bade the aiii-'
bataaddra tij go back, and tell their king, that
both ho himaelf, and' all that he had, were hit
poiteitaiont. And when theae ambnaairdora had
told thia to BenJiadad, be tent lo him again, and
dcalrcd, aiucc he- confessed that all he had waa
hiti that he would admit those aervanta of hia
which be ihoukl tend the next d«y ; and he com-
mended him to deliver to those whom he should
, send, whatsoever, upon tlielr tearching his pa-
lace, and the housca of hit friends and kindred,
tJfey should find to be excellent in its kind, bu»
What did not please them they should leave lo
him. At thit second embataage of the king of
Syria, Ahab was aurpriscd, and gaUiercd to-
gether the multitude to o congregation, and told
them, "That for himself he was ready, for their
tpifetv and peace, to give up hia own wives and
children to the enemy, and to yi<dd to him all
hit own iMjtscssiona, far that was what the Syrian
king required at his firat embassage; but that
now he desires to send his aervauls lo search all
their houses, and in them to leavf nothing that is
* "The Jews weep to this day, (anys Jerome, here ci-
ted liyKplond,) and roll llfemsplvcs upon aiirkclolh In
nshCH, hnrerooi, u|ion such occnsioiis." To wliirh Spah-
lieim add?, " tliat .ifter Ilie same ni.mnpr llcrnire, when
liqr lire WHS in danpcr.BtOod at tlielrihunal urFIoru',
hnrcfool." Of tli<! Wiir, li. ii. ell. xv.sect. J. Bee tlie
Ijke or David, 2 t<nni. xv. :i(); .Xntiq. I>. vii. i-h. i\. sect. 2..
fMi. llelnuri notes hern very trnly; that the word
■Halrtdaoes not nlwoyasignify nitirelii naked, liiit some-
times without men's usual nriiior, witlioiit tlicir usual
rotics or upper carmeiila: as when Vir|;il liids yic lius-
excellent in ila kind, tcrliing an oecttion <tf (ghl
iiig againat hjiu, at kn<iwHig that 1 would not
spare what ia mine own fur yuuraakea, but'laking
* a handle from the <liaagreeiible lernia he olfen
concerning you to bring a war u|ion ut; however,
I will do what you retoTve ia fit to beilone." Uut
the multitude advited him tu heatkeu tu none of
hit proiintalt, but lo detpiae him,'ai# bo in rea-
diuesa to fight him. Accordiii)(ly, when he had
givrii the amhaaaadora thia anavvir li> be rc|>ort-
ed, that " he tlill continued in the mind to com-
ply with what leriiia ha at first deaired, for th«
lafcty of the citiiena; but ua fiir hia lecond de-
airea/h« cannot tubniil to them," he diaiuiiMd
Ihem.
2. Now when Benhadml beard this, be had in-
dignalion, and aent ambaaaudora lo Ahab the third
time, and threulened that hii army " would raiaa
a bunk higher than thoae .walls, in confidence of
whose atrength hje drapiaed him, and that by on^y
each man ol hit army taking n hantlful of earth /'
hereby making a ahow of the great number of
his army, and ainiiiig lo affright him. Ahab an-
twered, that "he ought not to vaunt himtolf
when he had onjy put on hia armor, b^t wh^o'
he ahould have conquered hia euemiea in the
battle." So the anibaaaadors came back, and
found the king at . tuppiT with hit thirty-two
kings, and mfiirmed him uf Ahab'a aiiawer; iihit
tlieu immediately gave order for iiriiceediiig thus;
To muUe lines round the city, and rriitea bidwurk,
and to prosecute the sitge all manner of ways.
Now i>t thit wua doing, Ahab waa in a greiit ago-
ny, and all hia people with him; but he took cou-
rage, and waa freed from his feara, upon a cer-
tain prophet'* coming to him, and saying lo him,
tifut " God bad proniiaed to subdue so many ten
thouiands of hia enemiea under him." And when
he inquircil by wlioae means the victorv was to
batAblained, he said, " By the tons of the' princes,
bat under thy conduct a* their leader, by reason
of!.th?ir unskilfulnest [in War."] ' Upon which
he failed for the tons of the priiicca, ami fmind
them ty be t»vo hundred thirty and two pi rsoiit.
So when he was informed that the king of Syria
had betaken himself to feaaliiig and repose, h«
oiiened the gules, und aent out the princia' tons.
Now when the sentinels had told Benhadad of
it, he sent some to meet them, and .commanded
them, that if these men were come out for fight-
ing, they should bind them aiid bring ihem to
him; Hnd that if they' came out peaceably, they
should do the same. ' Now Ahab bod another
army reSdy williin tfi^ vails, but t}i« tona of the
princes fell upon the out-guard, and tiew many
of tiftm, anil pursued the rest of tliem to the
camp; and when the kiiiif of Israel tuw that
these had the upper hand, he tent out all the rcit
of hit army, which fulling sii.ddtnly upon the Sy-
rians, bent them, for they did not think they would
have come put; on which account it was that
they assaulted them when lliev were nakedf and
drunk, insomuch that they left all their armor
behind them when they (led out of the camp, and
the king himself escaped with I'ifliculty, by fly-
ing away on horsebacJc: but Ahab went a great
edHlios« Jews that werchuildins the walls of Jerusa-
lem, lolnko care to have their armor on upon orcnsloh,
that the eiicniy mtehi not fall upon them noted. 1 may •
odd, that the case speina lotie the same in the Srriplure,
when it says, that Haul lay.down naked ainonK the pro-
phets, 1 Sam. »lx..24; when It savs, that Isaiah wolkod
ji»t-«rf onrf »nrp/oof, Isaiah .tx. 1!,:!; nnd when it toys
thot Peter, liefiirc ho girt Ida fiaher's coat to hini, waa
naked, John xxl. 7. What is said of David also givei
ligliltotliis. wliowasreproaHiedh)' Mirlial forrfnnci'nff
,,.„.,.„„„..■ , , , - ,".'■•.■•■ —^s.l"^"theiirknndineo.i:trhiaihiiielfintheeije»oftS»
^hJJewj^.I..■i:J.y;u^r • '•^''''■^^ *m«/,r,2Sani. vi. 14.211: yei It It there ex-
InV^ a? ' e "Cfurlly of armor when lliey wore naked; | p r e taly said, ver. H, that Dnvid «,„ girded mth a linn
B.xi.cliap.v.tect.8,he8ayi,tbatNcticmiahconimand-i fortuchaiolcmnity m r»
'f^
IjOOfl Vin— CIFAP. xtv.
mij in pahuit of the Rjrmni; iinil wh'n thrjr
liojl Vjiotp-il Ihiir riun(), wlilrh coiUi^iiH'il fi pri-M
' lu '^tlfnl iH WMilth, ui|il iHi>rf<i\ir ii liir^ic i|uitiilily
* ' uC ftolil un<l •ilvcr, lir touk niiiliniUil'it rluiriiil4
nn<r horn «, uml rrtiirn<<l to {(»• lily ; liitt ni^hn
priiiihfl tuld liiiii, hr uu^lit tii liiivc liii iiriiiy
rrucly, lirniime iIk' Syriiiii kmi; wiiiild iiinku ahi>-
llirroxputli.liun H);uiiiat liiiti Uw n«it ymr. Ahull
iv» huiy in innkiiij; provi.ijiiii I'nr it iK'r(iriliiif;ly,
3. Nuw Bfiiliadiid. whvn lir linil knvcd hiiiix'ir
■nd HI much. of hi* nniiy «• he coiilil, uiilol' th>-
batlU, h« eoiiiuh<-(l with hia rntniU huw lut iiii|tl|t
luika Rniilher vxpi'ditinii iii;uin>t th« ttruolilna. '
Now Ihoir frirnila ndviaril hliii not to li|;ht with
Ihcm on the hilja, Ixciiuae thrir (iuil w|ia pitlciit
in iiich places, and thrni:e il had coiiio (o pnaa
that they hnd ver^ lately been lieiilen; hut they
•aid, that if they uiined hatlle with lh< ni in the
Klain, they ahuul.T heat llieni. 'I'hey alaii |;ay«
im thif farther advice, to aend home those kilties
whom he had brought as hhs nukdiaries, but to
retain their iiniiy, and to ait captains over it in-
' . stead of the kiii|(S, And tcV raise an army nut of
their cuiinlry, and let Ihrin be in the place of
the former who perished In the battle, ioijilher
' with, horsis and t:hnriots. So he ju{lgetl thi^ir
cduDsel^ to be f^uod, and acted uccordini; to il in
the management of the army.
4. At llie be|;inning of the tpr'inff, Ilenhailad
took his army with him, uiid led it against the He-
. brei^s; and when he was come to a t'ertnin city
whidn. WHS called Aphek, hv. pitched his camp ill
the great plain. Ahali also went to meet him
with his ariifv.und pitched his camp uvir I'^^aiiiat
bin), althouKii his army was a very small uiiir, in
comparison to that uf the enemy: but theprophet-
came again to hiiiT, and told him, that "Uoil would
riTC hiiii the victory, tlfiit Aiv might demonstrate
nil own power to be, not only on the nioiiiitaiiis,
but on the plains also;" which il seems was ciin-
trary to the opinion of the Syrtans. So tliey Ijy
qiiii't in their camp seven days, but on the lust nf
Uiose days, when the enemies came out of their
camp, and put themielvei in array in order .to
fight, Ahab also brought out his own army, and
when the battle was juhied, and they fought vii-
liantly, he put th« enemy to flight, and piirouiil
theni, and pressed upon them, and slew tliciii;
nay, they were destriiyed by (heir own chariotif,
and bV one 'aiiother; nor cnuld any mure than n
few 01 them escape to their own city. Aphek, who
were also killed by the walN falling uiwntliein,
being in numlier (weiity-si.ven thonsauil.> ]\oiv
there were slain in this battle a hundred thou-
•and more: but Btnliaiiad, the king of ine Sv-
rians, lied away, tvith certain others of hit nic '
faithful servaiits, and hid himself in u ci liar un-
der ground: and w'heii these told him llmt the
kings of Isrnfl were humane onfl iner.iful men,
•nd that thi-y might make use of the u^ii I ivan-
ner of aUppMcatinn, and obtain delivernnce fruni
Ahab, in case he would gi\e them Ichm' t.^ po to
hiin, he gave them leave ucc.ordingly. So t'i< y
• Joacphus'i number, two myrlHila iind se<'cn thim-
■and, at'rcciliere wit<itliat,hiourolherrnpii?s,iiatho.«<
that we-e sinin hy the falliiig down uf t:ie wulis »r
Apheli' hilt I susi>crlcil at first that tliis immlier iii Jo-
•eplms's prc!'ciit copies ronlil not. I c I'lsorMna'i.uiii-
her, heraiise ' e calls tliein oxiyoi, « feir, wliicli rocld
hardly lie snlil '\f so many natwRniyscveii i!;ou!>n<:d^
anil liecaiif e ot t he iin|irolMil'ilUy of I'leral'nfapnrtru-
liir tyall's klUmit jo inaiiy ; yet, wlien I ronsuler Jose-
pliua's licit wonis, Imyv ll.o rest whlcl^ were s'an in
the :.uttli were' rea o^*«r niyciilrf/', that twenty seven
thousand are hut a /ei:^ in rnmpnrisuMor.one'l'i'inilTCii
thoiisjud; and flint It was not a war/, as in otir E^iKlisii
version, hut tktvtll, or (t«eiitiV«wuI/<of thecify,lli;)t
fell down, ns in all t'corishials.
"tThismiiniier of sutii'lifHtion fdr men's lives amoni!
. the 9yriai>'s. wii h ropes or halters alioiit t' rirliends or
trig oyrniliw. wi'li.m|w-a m iniiw:i ■ n'.'um *■ t:ii iii:.t,|w iif
necka. ia, 1 suppose, iio siruii|;e llitiig In later a^ea, even
in ournwn countr.v.
tlt-fii here reinnrkalile,thiit 4n Joaeplmb's cony this
prophet, whose severe annauciatlon of a disolieilici.t
185
came to Ahab, Hoiheil hi ii^ekihith, with rop s
niMiiit thi'tr heiiita.f (for thii was the ancient
niiiHiiir III' •iiii|>lii'atii<n imiiiil); the Syriana,) iiml
said, ihiit " III nlr.iflnd ili •Ireil lie wuuld >uvi^. ,,
him, and thtikhe hihiIiI i h r lie H n rMiht tu hiiil
fur th^it (lyif^ii Alub ripliid, "he was srlail
that he wa> nfivr, and iKit hii,rt. in the iMitlie."
And he fiirfhir prouilaed liiiu the >ami' hurtor
and kiiidiieos that auiati wouNi idlow to hu bro-
ther. So they receivn) assunuiies uiiiin Oktii
from him, that whei) he came to him, lie ihiiuUI
receive no harm I'roiii him, and thiii went and
brought hiril nut of flie cellar win rein lie war
hid, and jmiiight hini to A'nib us he sal in h>(
chariot. So Henhndad wontKipptd him; and
Ahab gave him his hand, and bade him conic up
to liini into his chariot, und kiaaed him, anil lindu
him be of good cheer, and not to expect that any
mischief wwH. to be done- to hiui. no Krnhadail
returned him thanks, ami profeased that he
would ninenilier his kindiuss to hiiu alllhe
days of his lite; and |ii'oinisid he would restore
thiiae cities of the linietiles which the former
king* had Hken I'roiu Ihim, and grant titat he
should have leave to Cniiii f>i Dumasciis, as his
forefathers hud come to Suuiilrla. So Ihiy con-
firmed their nivcmint by iiiifhs, and Aliuli made
hini mniiy preient.', and sent him buck to his
own kingdiiin. And this was lh# comlnsion of
that war that !)< nhadud made ngaiuit Ahab und ■
the Israelites.
5. lint u certain prophet, whosit naine wa*
Micaiali,| came $o oiii! of the Israi litis, and
bade hitii smite him on the heiiil, fur by an doing
he woiild plense (!iid; but When be wuiihl not du
hO, he ftii'iluld to him, that since lie ilisubived
llie cunimundii of (iodi he nhould meet with a
lion and be di 'troyed by him. When thii sad
uciidiHt hail, befirllen the iniin, the prophet came
again to iiiiofher, and gave hi.m the fame injunc-
tion, Fo lie smote him, and woiindid his skull*
upon wIloIi he lioiind up hi.s head, and came tOx^;
thit kill);, mid' lidd him, that he had been a sol-
dier of his, nniS had the custody of one of the
prill, lers.i'oiuinifted to hiii> by nii oflicer, and
thai til) prisoner being run aunv, he was in dnn
l^cr uf lu'ln;; hi* onn life by the means of that
oflii'i I, who had threatened film, that if the uri-
siin*-!' ere. |ii(l, lie would kill him. And wJien
AliiOi li I'l ''>v'.i that he would jiHfly die, he took
oil I'li' •liiK'in;; about hi« hcail, und was knowa
I by the kii;x IP be Micaiah the prnpliet, who
I ii'ii'l, .1 CO'' ll.is ariilire as a iiri liide to his fol- .
I io.<'M.„- H. \in for he. said, tiiat "(.iod would
I |.ii'il-:i liin>, ivlio bml sufleredKenhadad, a blus-
ji'i- liii f 'npiiut him, to-escape puniahniintj and
tlial he »ii"l>i si bring it about, that he should
llie l>y till' iiiur's nicHUs, and his people by the
itlier s a-iiiy ' || Upon which Ahab was very
i-i'.iry 11' I'le nrupliit. and gave cninmandnient
I t'','t he ihiiuli' Im! |iut in prison, anil there kept;
[but l^r hiiiiiitif, he was in confusion at the worda
[ ol ,Vi.:aii.h,.i.'(! returned to his own house,
pr!-i!r.rVfiiiin.|iier ' V a Hon haif lately conic to pa«4,
I iv IS otl ( f II ;mi .>U "ai ih, the son of lm!ah.'wlio, aa
, I e : ^Kv li.'.inutiri'il (ind's Jii(!i.<iiiciit on iliaoheiliehl
! .\|i:.'.i, I'tiii^ illi it'y to linve I'een that very propliei •
I -.v' Kill I'li'iipuiC V i: I' in I KinKS xxli..Hi If, romplnina
I gor'fiji..-:nt.itu -111,11111 rriV. iiiil hIio la that rhap-
I Rv ui'i- ly ro; "My I Is ileiiuiifiaiiiiiis ncainst iiini; all
I wliirli • ainc lop »f iiirdriliiit'y: nor is llicre any reas<in
:.'oi!.i'iM ' ut t:.;8 acil lis foraiir were the very same
|irC!'! 0".
||\\ '."t is pioiii v'nnrkntl^cin this history, and In ma-
nv I stonct on of r. ocuifions in yitJlKd Test.imenI,
' Is'thls, tdi' du ill! tlip .I-MVis llieeicrMfcCiodiKfi'den-
I titclv n< I i'iii;ir. PI ■ kiiB of Israel, IMIlie supreme
\ ci r.i'riil O' lliiir :• riirs, anil a «'Jy< eiprcted that the
ite.'n; Qiiifl 'i- 1" mull iitisii iitcsul le'lloiilo iiliB,
sr
fl cii* sapr 'iiii: a :ii !iraveii).V'kiiii:., aiiit leneral uf tlietff
nrHilei, h« . iilj t' » • ml irtldic-s art lo their earthljr
Kiii/s i.iid "'.i'> ni>', iMiit flat Ui^Uiiliv witliont knowing
■he )>*rtlcu:ar reruns of I i:eir i: yunctwni
J,
-^-^1^
\m
ANTIQUITIES Of TIIE jfews.
CUAP. XV.
C»*frntngJtko$\itphal,lh*KinfnfJtruiitlimi'
ami how ASab madt nn F.ipiilition mgainti Iht
Suriant, and mM attitttd Ihirtin by Jrhatka.'
fhmt, but teat kimiclf ovtrcomt in flalll; and
ptriihtd IStttin
. < 1 I. And ihr.ta w«ra Iht clrrumtUhcci in
wiiirh Aliali wh. Hi|t I now rulnrii lu Jnhoihi-
phat, lh« liinj; nf Jcnixlcni, who, when h« httl
■ugiu<nl«(l hi* kinK<li>fii. and h*ii ii't ((iiri'Uiina
in th« ciliM of lh« ruunlriea lii'limgiiiK t<> hia
lnil>i»c(t, artel hail put auvh nrriioiu iiu hit into
thoaa i:ici«t which were tatan out of th« tribe
of Kfthraini, by hi* Kramlfalher Abijah, whrii Jr-
robuaiii raif(nc(l nvcr th<> (m Iriltca, [Ihaii hit ilid
inin lh)i othiTiJ Itiit ihrn h« haiHiuil rnviiralilK
anil aHiitmi; tu him, an brin^ bulb ri|(hleout anil
r«ll|ioua, anil McklnR to do •uiiicwhat avcry day,
that should be aitrerable and acceptable to Uod.
Tha k\nf» alaii that were round about hiui, ho-
• horrd liiin with the prrtcnti they iiiiiile him, till
the rich)'! that he had aci|iiired were imiiirnaely
f[real, and the glory he had gained waa of a mutt
exalted nature.
3. Now, in the third year ofhia rciKUi he call-
ed together the rulnri i>r the country, nnil the
pricitt, and commanded thrin to Kt round the
land, anil teaih all the priiple that were under
him, cily by city, (he law* ol' IVloara, niid to kreu
them, and to be diligent in the womhip of (iwl.
IS^ith thia the whole nuillitiide waa ao pleated,
that they were nut «> eagerly fit upon, or uflrrted
with any thin^ ao IMUih na the ubairviitioii of (lie
lawa. The nciahburing nntiuna iilao continued to
Idr^ Jehoihapbat, anil to he at peace with hiiu.
The Fhiliatinca paid their appointed tribute; and
the Arablhna anpplicd him every year with three
hundrtd and aixty laiiifiik, and ut many kidi of
tha roata. Ke alao Tortified the great citica,
which were many in number, and o7 great con-
aequence.. He prepared aUo a mighty arniy of
aoldiera and wea|iona against theirenomiea. Now
the army of mm that wore their srnior, were
three hundred thousand of the tribe of Juilah, of
whom Adnah wai the chief; but John wita chief
of two hundred thousand ; the lanie niun ^aa
chief of tlie tribe of Uenjaiuin, aijil hud two
hundred thousand archers Under hini. There
was another chief, whos* name wna Jihoiabiid,
who had a hundred anil fourscore thousand arm-
ed men. This multitude was ilistrihuteil to be
ready for the king's service, besides those whom
he sent to the beat for^ifiedcities.
3. Jehoshaphat took for his son Jeliorani to
wife, the daughter of Ahab, the king of the ten
tribes, whose name waa Athaliah. And when,
after some time, he went to Saiiiaria, Ahati re-
ceived him courteously, and treated the army
that followed him inn splendid niBnner.with gnut
plenty of corn and wine, and prslnin hrusta; ami
desired that he ivoutd Join with hiui in bis Wiir
agaiiiHt the king of Syriii, th»t he might recover
from hi lu the city Ranioth,inGilead; fortliough
it had belonged to bis father, yet had tlie khi;;
of Syria's father taken it away from' him; niid
upon Jehosliaphat'a promise to alford him as-
•istaiior, (mr indeed his uiiny was not inferior
to theother's,)and his sending fur his uniiy from
Jerusalem to Samaria, the twn kinj^s went out of
' the city, and each of them sat on his own throlie,
sMid each gave their orders to (heir sevinil armies.
Now Jehoshaphaf bade thi-ro call some of the
prophets, if there were any there, and inquire of
thcni concerning this cxprilitiim against tlie king
of Syria, whether they would give them counsel
to make that ex|)«ditioD a( this time, for there
" * 'I'nese reasonlnra of i^encKMii.t 'le Yalse propiiet. In
order to persuade Ahah not. to lielicve Micainb, the true
propl.et,an plausible, liut beinjoniitleil in our other ro-
pies, we cannot now tell- whcnrp Josepliiis lind them,
whether from hIa own temple ropy, from aomc other orl-
was peace at that tirtit bafWean Ahuti and Iha
king uf Svrin, which had lasted Ihrae yearaj from
the time lie had taken him raptive'tiir thai day.
, 4. So Ahab chIImI hit own priiilhi la, hring in
number about four hundred, anil baile them in-
(lui/e of (lull whether ht would grant him the
victory, if he made an expedition against Henha-
dad, and enable him tu overthrow that cily, (iir
whose take it was that ha was goinc to War.
Now lh<s« prophets gave their couiiacl for mak-
ing thia rxpaililion ; iiml said, that " he wookl
lieat the king of Syria, and, as formerly, would
reduce him under hia |Miwer." Hut Jehoahaphat,
underatuniling by their Wunis that they wer*
false pmfihets, aaked Ahab, whether therv were
not soinv other prophet, anil he belonging to the
true Uoil, that we may have aurar iufoinmtiun
concerning fuluritira'f lirreiipon Ahab aaid,
" there waa indeed such a one, but that he haled
him, as having prophesied evil to him, and htAr|ng'~
foretold that n« shoidd be overcome, anil alain by
the king of Syriii, and that for this cause he had
him iiiOw in prison, and that his nsnie was Micai-
ah, the ton of Imlah." ISut upon jehushapliat'a
desire that he miEht be produced, Ahab sent A
eunuch, who bniught Micaiah to him. Now Ihr
eunuch had informed him by the way, thai all the
other pnipliels had foretold that the king shoulo
f;ain the victory; hut he said, that " it was not
awful lor him to lie againut (ioil, but that he
must speak what he should say lu him about the
king, whatsoever it were." When he cAme to
Ahab, and he had adjured him upi<n oath to
speak the truth to him, he snid, that " Uod
hud showed to him the Israelites running away,
and pursued by the Syrjans, and dispersed upon
the mountains by them, as are flocka of sheep
dispersed when llieir ahrphenl is slain." H* aaid
farther, that " (iod signified to him, that IhoM
Israelites should return in peace to their own
home, and that he only should fall in battU."
When Micaiah had thus spoken, Ahab aaidio Je-
hoshaphat, *' I told thee a little while ago tha
disposition of Ihaf man with regard to me, and
that he uses to prophesy evil to me." llpon
which Mi(%iah replied, tVat " he ought to hear
all, whutaurver it be, that Ciod furetrlla; niid
that in particuliJr, Ihey were false prophets that
encouraged him < to make this war in hone of
victory, wherrns he must fight and be killed."
Whereupon the king was in suspentjfWiih hiiq-
self : but Zedekiah, one of those false prtlt '
Elicts, Cuuie near, anil exhorted him not to
earken to Micaiah, for he did not at nil speak
truth; aa n deiiioiistratiun of which, he iiiatanced -^
in wliat Klijnh had said, who was a better pro-
phet in furetelling fuluritiea than Micaiah;* for
he foretold. That " the dogs should lick hil
blood in the cily of Jctreel, in the tield of N.iboth.
as they licked the blood of Naboth, who by his
menhii wna there stoned to death by the niul-
tiliule;" that Iherefoi'e it was plain that this
Micaiah wna a liar, as cuntrailirting a greater
prophet than* hinisi'lf, Riul siiyin<i^, that he yvoiihl
lie alain al three iliiys' journey diatiince. Anil
[anid he] you aliall soon know whether he be a
true prophet, and hath the power of the l)ivinc
Spirit; Uir I will smite hjiu, and let him then
hurt Jiiy h^iiid, nsJadiin c'aused the hand uf Jt<
robouin the ki'iit; to with<;r when he would have
tuught him; for I suppoae thou host certuinly'
heard of that iiccideiit." IFSo when, upon hi*
smiling Micniah, nii hitrm happened to hioii
Ahnb took roiirage, and re.idily led his army
against the king of Syria, for, as I supuoai-, fate
was loo hard for him, and made him beliive that
the false [iruphetl spake truer than the true one,
Ulnnl nutlior; ort'rom rertain anciaill nolca, TlinlFome
such phiuaiUle olijcrlloii was now raised iitainat ^'.i^aiah
ia very Dknly, ot licrwiae Jehoshaphat.W ho used to rilRl'e-
lipvp nil sui h falfe pronlieia, rould never have ^l.'Cll indu-
ced to accompany Ahali in tliese desperate cireuinstancei.
BOOK VIU.-CIIAP. XV,
HfT
lk*l it mighi tike in orcatioil r^f lirinKini bud (»
hii call. Ilonavrr, I^rilckiuh iiiuiit lioint nf
irog, and uid lo Ah«b, thiit"(ioil iiiiuIp iIiom
hum* liKA*!!, Ili«t b; Ihriii hf ahiniM Mvfrthn>w
■It Svria." Hut Mickitth rt-|iliril, tbHt "/«il«kiah
in ■ r«w i\rj» ihnuld fcn Onni one iiMrri ihtiiibfr
id ■ni><hi<r, to hiilc-hMiiitlf, llml lir iiii|(ht rwHiio
the (liini>hiii«nt of hii IviiiK" 'I'lirn ilm tbr klhg
give orclfn that th»y •uinilil (uk« Miiniuh *wiiy,
•ml guani him lo Anion, thi' gowriuir or in«
cilr, anil lo ciV< liiin niilbiiiK but brratl aiiil Mntrr.
■ a. Tlun Old Ahah, and Jrliuthapbal, th<t king
of Jarutalitni, tlikit llirlr fiircin, and niarrhrd lo
Raniothi a city of (iili'ad; nnd whvn Ihr king ol'
Nyria ht-urd ol' tliU rupeililiun, hi* tiroiiKliI out
hn army lo ojuptine llifni, nild uitcbeil liii camp
not (M Ironi Runioth.. Now Aliali and Julioiha-
phat hail agreed, Ijinl Abali ihould biy aiide hii
royal robca,* but that. th« king of Jeruialrni
•hould put on hii [Ahab'iJ nro|)cr hubil, and
.aland hi'ruro the army,. I41 iiruiT lo diiiirove, by
tliii artifice, what Micliiili hud furt'told; Uul
Ahah'ji fiite found Iriin out without liii robei; for
IPtl^lfad, tliii king of Syriu, hud charged hia
'Nriii^, by the mean* of their (onimandttn, lo kill
nobody elae lint only th« king of laruil. So
when' the (iyriani, upon illtir Joining bailie with
the hrnellU'i, inw JehoihapliHt ilaiid before ihe
army, ami conjectured tlMi ho wu» Ahab, lliey
fell violently U|>on tiiin, and cncoiiipaaMftl him
round; but when tliev were iieHr,.anil knew that
il'wai not ht, they all returned back;< and while
the light lulled fn>nt the morning-light till lute
iatlie eveniiigiiiml the Syriuni were conquer-
ori, they killed nobotlyt n> their king had com-
niandeil.lhem. And when they lought Ig kill
Ahab nione, but could not find him, lliere wni 11
young nobleman belonging to king iienhaduil,
whoie name WDi Maaiiiun; he drew hii bow
agaimit the icneniv, and woi^mled the kins through
bii breaitpliite, m hii lungi. L'pun ihia, Aliub
*Tlilacr8dlnf|or JdH|ihui,Uinl Jeliot4linplial |iut on,
not lili own. liul Ahab'a roliea, in tinier 10 appear to lie
Aliii,l>i while AUiih wan witiiiiul any rolwa iil nil, anil
Iia|iei1 lliereliy to ricnpc liia own evil fnte. ainl diiproye
MIcalali'i prouliery nKulnai lilni, liexreeilinK prolialilc.
It givei (real IIkIii alio lo t lili w hole liiktiiry, anit ahowH,
■hat ullhniish Ahal> Impi'il JehoHliapliat would l>e inin'
taken for liiiii, niid run llic only rlik of liclnn ilain in
Ilia bullle, yet wai lie cnliri'ly dlanppuiiiled, while itlH
the eicape of the good man Jirlioahnphnl, and the
•laiilliler of the hadmun AlmlMleinoiiitrnieiltliDcrent
diaUnctlOD that Divine Vtovidence iinide l>cl\vixt lliciu.
ratolftd not lo maka hia imichiinr* kaoWB
t^ hii nriilY, leit Ihey ibnulit run away, hut M
bade ihe tfriver ol |)li ihariut to turn it hack, ami
carry him out of ihe battle, becauae he wi^ lora
ly and mortnlly wounded i howivrr, ha lat tiihit
rnariotand endured tlie imin till lUiifal. and this
hnfainlad away and died.
H. And now the Syrian army, U|>on Uie coming
of tha nighl, retired to their iinniDj /Ad w|ieB
lira herald belonging lo the i-fm|ntav^olia«
that Ahab wai deaif, they returned ^■Mi ^RL,
they look the dead body of Ahab lo Siiiflariu, ami
buried it there; bul When they had wii<hed.4iii
chariot, in the (uuntain of Jeireil, which wu
bloo<ly with the Head body of tha king, tha/
acknowledged that the prophacy of Klljah w|«
true, for the dogi licked liii blowl, and Ihe har>'
lot! conliniied afterward to waih lliemieUei in
that fountain; bUI ilill liedicd at Ituiiiiith.aiMi'
caiah bail foretold. And a* what Ihingi were for*
told iliiiuld hap|HMi to AImb, by the two propheti.
came to p*ii> •*« ought thence to huva high no-
tioni of <lod, and every where to honor and
worihip him, and never to luppoie Hint What ia
pleaaant ami iigreeable ii worthy of belief befora
what ii true, and to eileem nutbing more adyan-
tageiiui than the gift of pronliecy.f and ihatfore-
knowle'djee of. future cveiila which ii derived
from it, lilice (iod ihowi men thereby what w«
ought to avoid. We may ajao gueii, from what
hnjitiened to iImi king, alid have reaion to con-
liiier the power of fate, that there ii noway of
uvoiiling It, even when w» know it. It crtepi
upon human louli, and flatten tht^iu with piec-
ing hopci, till it leadi them about to the plaoa
where it wi^ b« too hard for them, Accordinily,
AImb ahiicari In have been deceived thereby,
till he (liibeJieyed Ihoie that foretold hii defeat,
but iiy giving credit lo luch ai foretold what wai
grai(Murio hiiii, wai alain: and bii ion Ahatialk
luOCwded liiiu.
f Weliavo here a very wlie rclIecHon of Joirpliua
nlxHit IMviiie I'rovldenre, and irliut li derived frnin It,
/iru^A^cy, aiidlliniiinvMnlil«rrrlalnlyorilaaccomplHb
iiii'iil; mid tliat when w Irked ninii«liinlLlliay' lake pro
|H.-r methodi lo eliiile whnt iailenolinred niialnsl Ihem,
and 10 ewupe the divine JudKiiicnli ilie(el>y Ihrnnlened
Ihcni, wllhoui repeinnnee.llioy uroever by I'royidenre
iiirHliinled lo liriiiK al'Olll their own deilrurtion, and
Ibereliy witlml lo deinonitralelhe pertert veracity of
Hint (iod wlioM proBtlona they in valnendcuvot to
elude. ^
book: IX.
CONTAININO THE INTERVAI. OP ONE HUNDRED AND >IFTY-BBVEM VKAKS.-FKOM THE
DEATJl OF AIIABTOTIIE CAi'TIVITY of THE TEN THIBE8.
CHAP, I.
C<metm\nffJeKo$haphat again; how he conilihi-
ted Judget, and, by Uod't Atiistanct, tvercamt
hii Kntmitty
{ 1. WheK Jetioihaphat the king waicome to
Jernialrni, from 'Aie'lui'iilance he had aflordei^'
Ahab, Ihe kT^g of Israel, when he fought with
Benhadad king of Syria, the prophet Jehu met
bini, andaccuied him forauliting Ahab, a n»D
both impioua and wicked ; and aaid to him, that
"God waa diapleaied with him for so doing, bul
that he delivered him from the tne.a^j, notwith-
(tanding he bad tinned, becaiiie of hia own pro-
per.ditpoiltion, which wai good." Whenupon
the king b«took himietf to thaokigivinga and
aacrificci toUod: after which he prrienlly went
aver all that country which be ruled round about,
and taught the people, ■■ well the lawi which
God gnve them by Moaei, as that religious wor
ship tliat wni duo to bim. He alio conatitutar
judgea in every one of the citiciof hii kingdqpi .
and Charged them " to have 5f:gni^l : to mtlfing
BO much 1(1 judging the multitnfl««a to dofjua-
tiu, and not to be moved by bribm, nor oy tbe
dimity of men eminent for either their riMiei or
th«^ high birth, but to distribute justice /qually
to in, as knowing that God is conscioas/f even
•ecret action of Iheira." When he had hiniicif
initructed them thus, and gonc^ over every cityi
of tbe two Ulbes, he returned lo Jeruialem. He
Ibert alto conttituted judges out of the priests
and the Levltcs,* and princijial |iersoni of the .
multitude, and admonished them to pass alt their
kenteoceV with care and justice. And that if
of the people of his country had dilferencea
V
y
mnjL
* Theae Jud||e*, conatiluted hjr Jehoahaphat, were a
kind of Jerusniem Sniihedrim, out ofthrprlesta, the
|j«Ttta, and the piincipal of the people, bolb here and
...... 85
S Chron. lix. P, mnch like the old Christian Judkatarw
of the l/Uiop. Ihe preshytera, Ihe deaconi, and Ik* pw- -
pie. . ; . ■, ■ i_ . '
■ ■■.:■■ R- ■.■
1f>S
ANrruriTir-'^ f!' 'rri;; n.w.i
U '■
vi til* fHi<nii<«
r«litroii«iii|iirrirf, lliKjr thotilil •rlnl Ihrm mit ■ !•!• «rn«v liiiw t'» »rtk# Id'' pf'J
hdtplii r rilM « I'l Oirufi jl»lKr», wtin wkiiIiI , < '•iiiji.^ml i<> >|'<>il lliMrtlnid liMlliti huiI inilm
ii>M§l<l • ' ■ ' • " ' " " ' " " ~
v( iImI^ , - „ . I
Imi iil>lip<l liMiiH ri([lil.(iu. t..|iUiii>.c.iM'<rnii.(« | ■■> lli't iltl I'.jr llirci .li.»» iLRHliir, Icll lh») ».r
•mil iiiiiaiiii Mill llilniiilli llir ([rmlir I'lirc'll" • I «•'"•)• «" (frnil win llic iinnllpir il' lli* •luin
fitiKii II i« |irip|i< r ihiC llii «niliiii«4 nhlrli nn'l nii'l "ii (li«i J iiirlli ililv, iill llii- (hhiiIp tvn-i- ^in
(iviii III llrm rii . uliiniii llii> liiii|ili' ii(' ti.iil i-, llii rnl lii)(»|lirr iiiitii .1 nilniii liiill<>»» |ilii'i b 111
•ml «liiriiii«»n i.iiii'. ilwill". Im' Kit III Villi »i<'ii( »i>ll"v, "ml lili'««iil «i.iii inf lii» |«iik r i.iiil ii«l%|.
CBri, mil Ihii iiliii.i.i inklirv. ,Nin» (h' »»I ihit lini'l'I IVimh »liii li Ihi' |(liii'< liml tlil« wnim' Ri«< 1.
Ilifiii Aiimri.ili Ih. |ii'ii*l, uikI /ilm.ilali, flwitlil il, Th'' VmIIij i.f ( Hi riu''iiili, (fl^llf'.iiiji;
('f llir liilif 111 Jii.iihi mill iifltr Him iiiuiirii'r It' 4. An I itlnii lln Iimik liml l*m(i[lil lii< orm»
VII" llml 111"' kliii,' iiriliriil lliiM- ii(1ii(V« limit l<> JiriKHlnii, hf litlouli IiIiiimIi In irli-
'i. Aiiuiil ilii. iiiiH' till Mmiliiii. tiiiil Aiiimiin- iiruli ritlimU, himI nlKr ki< illiim, iiliil lllia Im
itfi iiiikIi' mi I .\|MilMiiin ii^iiiii.t Ji'liii»l)ii|ilii<t, ! wimiv iln)i Ami, tiiilinl, nl'lir lbi» (li »triicfiiiii
nail limit ttilli lliiiii n Kr*""! I>'<<l> "I AraliiiiM*. iif ifiilr intiiiiii •, niiil. tvlicii il rniii)' tn llir rur-i
mikI |i(ti'lii'il llirir I iinfii III I'.iij^rili, H illy llml >%■
mliiiili lit III)' liilii' A>|)liiiltili<,iiiiil ili'liiiit llirrc
liiinilrtil furlmiK' iVimi Jirii>iili in. In lli.il pliii'i'
f;riina llin lii«t kiiiil ni |Miliii-tr<<i.ii, »w\ llir ii|h>-
mUitiiiniii.* ' iNiiw Ji l|ii»lii||ilint iiiiinl llmt llir
•ii*iu)i'* liiiil jiii»<t'il iiM r thi' liilir, Hill liiiil iiiiHl)*
t>» irrutttkin into Ihul >'ii»ntry iviiiili Ii-Iohx**! tn
Jiiii kJMKilinn; lit wliii h ni iva hi: wiia iillri^lili'il,
mill nlliril tint |ii'ii|ili'4il' ,lirii>iili'iii li i| <:>iH|rri--
KHtiiiii ill IIki li'iiiplf!, mill ■>liiii4|ii{,r ovi 1' iiKuliiat
III' lliii din Ikii Mnliiiiii.'llnV Win- nil (rrfiilljr »!■
I'ri)(lliril, IK MI|l|lil>iHK lllll) il'ilt HKIIllll l<|irill«
li|ilil liir liiiii III ri'iilti r. >■■ Jihioliiiplml Iriini
lliul liMiv I'itvil in KTiHl )(liir) iin I niiU'iillnr. nu
ni'i'oniil nl liia rignliiiiinii << iiinl lii» niilj in
tviiriU (iiiil. H<i nma iila<> in lrfi'iiilani|i Willi
AliiiU'« uiiv, tvUu Hu* kiii^' »( Jiroih aiul In
iiiiiiiil willi hiiii Jn lln liiiililiiiu r^r aliip* llini
iviro III iluil III rmilni'.'f inii| llin triillii' I'lliro
111' riiniii i lull tif r.iiliil ijf hia KuiiiK, fur lln-
the Uili|il* itaill', 'Ut I'lilli'il ii|Hin (.ml "Iniirfird I •lii]" Hi'i' ill ilriijfil li) In iii^ «o«nat fiiml .1111
■ft |iiiiijih- I wii lilvil '.'" 'vliv- ". • <'<iiii 111' >«ii» nil liniui
him |iiiwiT mill iltn'ii|(th, an iia Id inllit't |i)iiij
UM'nt uii Ihirai- tlinl iii.iilii thin i:ii|ii'illlliin iiK.iin'<l riiminnil nlinul
Ihi'iii, (fur Ihkt llni.«i> whn liiil|l llii* hl« (i';i|ilr,
hull iiriiyril thill lir nuulil (iriiU'i I iliut I'itt, nml
Ukn vi'MK<'mn'« nn IIumI' ihHt witc kh linlil iit li>
coinv ii)riiiiiit il,^ fur thry nrr cnnii In luke I'runi
ui (hut Iitnil which llinu hii<l i;ivrn ui I'ur «.|iiu(*^
uuiAn." Whfii 111' hnil prnjiil tliu*, hi- I'l IViiitu
Iran; itnil thp iviiuli' iiuilliliiilc, tnKit'iir 'willi
Ihrir uivi'H nnil I'hililiin, ininli' tin U' »ii|i|ilirii-
tiniii 11I90: npiiii MiMch n I'l rlHin iirii|ilii'l, Jiilm-
iirl liy nKnir, I'limii inlu l|n- iniimt of the iia-
ii«inlil}, nml criiij uiil, uml a|Kikr hnlli In ihr
iiiullitiiilii Hiul to thv kin^, llmt (iuil h<',ii'dilii ir
prayci'ii, iiilll pruiniiieil In light ii;;iiinat lhin|||ii'-
■ii«a. lie iilao );livu nnlir Ihiit it>i. kUvf ahoiilil
dfHW hit forccf util the nr\l iluy, lor Ihiil In-
ihunlil find thrill li«lw<'rii Ji'riiaulini nml Ihv nv
crnt nf Knijfnii, nl n pliioii rulliil lln Kiiiiiii'iii'
hlppmif. Anil Ihia la ibi'
tnry of .li'hoiliiiphnt liii^ Kin); uf Jernt:iluui.
< IIAI'. II,
Coni^itning Jihatiah, tlir hlH(( lif hratl, mil
again tonccrninK Hit I'rophrl I'.lijiiK,
} I. Ami now Min/liili, ihr koii nf AhnI', rri|(iii
01 rr l*r n t, ami iiDiili' liiaiiliuili' in Niiniiiriii. 11 ■
una II- nirkiii iiiiiit, nnilj in nil ri ^pi-i'la, likr t
(iiilh Ilia piirinia, nml to Jmobouui, hIki liral u
I nil lriiiir;.ii'a»' J, nml tiijfunli/di'i'i'ivt' till' pi npU
On llii' >.ri olid yi ur of hifj'i'igii, tlif kni^ >■'
.Moiih I'l II lilt from ^iri'~i/tii'(liiMi'i', nnd Irll n,;
|ifi>iiii; lliii*M' Iribnii <• whiill liu hi'fnrr iifiiil tii lil>
.liitVir Ahull. Now il hippi'nid tliut AhiKnili, n'
111 tvn> riniiini <lo>vii Irini the top of liia hnuii
fill iliitvn Iroiit it, iiii'i in hii) airkniiiH ami In lln
and Hint he ahnuhl not fljjht Hifiiinal tin in;- lint I ly,' Hliich w*- tin' ifml oj' Kkrnn, for ihiit hj.
vnly aland atill, nml ni'i- nim <lod w.nild f>|tht , tl.U ^oil " mnii", lo ijinnirir iilioiil lil -•
lllll llii' (I.hI of ll'ik Uitii'i'W.
againit tht-ni. Wlirn Ihr pniphrt hud aiiiil tiiin
both the kiiijf nml the umltitmli' fill u|hmi llnir
Aim, nnd eave thmika tu tlml, nnd wnnhlpprd
him; and tlit- l.nviteii roiitikcd iin);in;; liyniiis
to Cud with tht ir iimtruiiii'ntrDf nin^ii'.
3. A» toon M it wa* day, nnd thv kin); vt»%
cqiiic 'intu Ibat wildi rnraa whiih iit under Ihr
city of Tekun, hn •Hid In Ihv mnllillidi', that
•' llicy onght to give rrt'dit to whnt ihi; proplu-t
liud mid, and nut to act Ihrinailvch in army fiir
IJKhling, but to sit the priratu with their tnnii-
pi'ta, and IhA LcvitiHi, ivith the ain);«riiuf bymna,
to give Ihunka to (tud, iiii havin)( alrrnily delivrr-
ed nurrnuntry from our cnriniva." Thu opioinn
«r the king pleuird [the pcoplr,] nnd they did
what he ndviM>d thehi In drt. So (iod cniised n
terror ami cuiiiniotion to nrise among the Ani-
nioiiitci, whg tliou;;ht one uiiqthir to l>« ni«niieii,
and iliw one auolhcr, innniiiiiich that nut one
man onl of *a grent an army escaped; and tvhrii
Jelioihuphat looked upon that vnlley wherein
tlii'ir eiii'mies had been . rn<°Miii)ied, und »»w it
full uf dead iiirn, he rejniced at so snrpiiaiagnn
cventt at waa th'ia aatintaiim of Cod, wliiVhe
hiniai If, by hit own power, liiiil without llieir In-
bor, had given them the victory, He nlno i^ve
* Cnnrfrnlnn tlilN prerioul bnlaani, ten the note on
Aniiq. ii.viiLrlmp. vl. Micl.O.
''Wlint are liere Paiilut und Thrat; an tlio pl««««
whnlier Jchoiiha;ihnt'B fleet milled, are in onr other
cupini Opiiir nml Tarahinh, nml llie pincc wlienre it
■al M l » In th e m Ki ia n/ yat u - , wl i lrli l ay on tin B ed
ri'i'im T\
WA n^ipenrril to I'lijuii
(he |iriiplieUinnil I'onnniindeilhini tn go nuil nieif
(III iiiiitfinBi'n^ Hint itiril M-nl, nnd to nak thi in,
■■ Wlii'llninlie priipli' of lainel had uol n (iiid of
thi-ir owiij I hut the kiiij; nViit to « foreign god 1.
iiiipiire nlioiit bi« rerovery?' ami In liid them ri
(nni) anil tell the king, that lie would not e'.nipr
thi« diaenai-," A4id wluMi Klijnh hail )>erruriin'0
u'hril (iod hml conim.imUd liiiii, niid the. nn '"aeii'
(riri bad henrd what lie said, (biy reinnml In
tin: kill"; innni'iliiililv ; and when the kin;;' itiniT
dertd nii\r they cuuid return iio noun, uiirl ii-knl
theiii lire reaano of it, Ihejr tniil, that "u reilaiu
■nan met llieni, nnd forbade lilt i^i to go iiuy far-
ther, but to rt'luru and tell thee, I'luin thv'i'uiii-
tnnml nf the (lod uf lariel, thai tliii iliwa^e ivdl
have n bud dml." And when the king lilide (In 1.1
(It Hi-rilie Ihr man tlint aaid this to tliein, tlley re-
pliid, "Unit he waa n hairy nmn, and wim i;ii'l!
aliuiit tvith 11 girdle of linlllier." Jio thekiiii iiii-
(leratooil by ttii'a tlint the iniin who wna denoiilied
by the nicsiaeiigrra nail Klijuh; wherrupnii ho
sent a raplain to hliii, with fifty »oMiera, limt
coiiiinuuded them to bring Klijah to liiiii; und
when the riiptain tliut wh.<i aent I'oiilid Elijah tit-
ting upon the top of a hill, be comniunded him
nut to tar we may ronrlude, tliiit Jeacphut thought
one Opiiir to lie MMiieik-lirre in the Medllerranrnn, nnd
not 111 llie foiiih He.-!, llonsli per!ini>a there uii.'litli«
onotlier Ophir in the Buulh ^'ea ulto, and tliat llecli
ndiilit then sail hotli froiii Phaniirla, and froiu tliu Red
fi Mi . 10 fulfi l \\mg 9 t t l it f OpHr .
Heu, whence it wan iin)iniisit>h! lor nnyHhlimtoiiail 16
I'ontuB or Thrace; to that Joneiihi^^Vi ropy illlTrrcd Irnni
our other r0|iiri, as fai flifther piniii from hie own wurdi,
n idrli render what we rcnil, thiil i*c »*/>» vere *ru-
U'.'i at I'.-.iangtber, from their miwieldy grtalntat.\ very iruu!>lciiaine to lliein,
t Thin ^ri»l of fiit4 ii<:nua 10 hnva lieen ig cnlled, ^f
wnt the likeuod ninoni; the (,'reek*, from Ida auMiMMed
power over fliet in driving tlioni awn^ rruiii llielleali
ofllii'iranrrlfiriai, whirh utherwitti would have btteu
TBAN8LATI0N OF ELIJAH.
A
BOOK IX.-CIIAI*. ill.
m
li<ul (iiiuiiNxl I bin Hi«lin .Mw h« r.ii.«>.l, thry •hi. ( .r, ». wi. I.,M jruii l.«l..>' , l« «fM. .iMNiftra
Wi.uiav«rrT ktiii hy fcin*. rhiiti •mil l<> hmi, [ front t.i. Mlji.lt. m.. l> hu l.fnll,i i iA«iiii»h.)
• riiKl ».(« Mm/ hn... • lri«l wh. III. f I h> » Irn* wlnl- »"• p'li'l •" '»• f-Hn r ,MmI. iw.. •'«"•'•"'
limy hiin'
»tll |lrii»
(irii|>)i»l, I will tin* llul Hrr 1117 IM frnni hrn-
••»,' •iHk ilr>li'i) h >llilh> •'.Mil Ktti^l tiiiiroll."
Hiiliii |irii«4il, wi'l » Hlililwlii'l m. llv» I'll [Irmn
htiiti H, I iiihI ilMlr»)«4l thi> ■ .iiilaln.aii.l Ihua* llml
\>*f wild him. Aiul whrii i'm Iiiii< Ha> Inloriii-
fit iif lh# ilrMrMi'M'in «t thrw tiidi, l|i' «**• t")
iinfrr. mi'l K'n* Himlhi r r>i|iiiil:n uilli IIh' likv
iiiiiiilii r III' wniMil' null llml \s>f ••■nt hidiiv
lliiiiMmi'l •livipHitli ihnr lliro* III h.h.I. Whim
llKlilnri hi llnil tkiltlKrr'l l|l<> <»«'> 'I'll'.* I'V*'
Ihi r.'lii •inl iiU.i III .l*li>i»Jiiijili»i, 1 11.1 inlrmltil
hiiil, ilul'lilir Im hml In/iii ilw In 1 i'lmn^J *>«••••
frlriMl 1.1 lil« Miitf, III' wiiiil'l i>-i I ' III! in Ih*
wiii> ihfil litwM iiiliriiiH Inl.i UK I'll I I'-' ^Mi***'
U<i, «liii Iwil ill |i»rl.il Ifiiii liiif i.li.''itiM»,
nh.i iiiit iiiilj Iiiiiiu ir ((iiiiMwiil I I I. • I liiiii, hill
II, iiiHiii Mi(|iiiri v- ;.
«vh*t h»u lMip(i<;ii< i[ N li.iiiii fii •■ III ■"•I " ■lil''^ :
■'■|l«*iii. lint ttdi II lhl« I il|llitlii. nliM »ii< il,Mi»r '
nwiii ui'l III II niilil ili<iiii4ilMMi,i iMiK III lhii jiliu'ti |
itlirri' Cl^jilh liiii<|M'iiril I.J III', mid •{luki i\\ Illy Ik i
hinli mill aHiil, I'mt "Imi kiii'tv llml ii Hiiattilliiiiil '
lili nwii i'iiii«> III, Niiil iiiily III •>i'iMii»«ii>ii III III* •
kliiK'a I'liiiiiimiiil, llml III iiiiiK' iiiil'i liiiii;
l.h|it IhrHMi thiit e(MlH' hi I' in' iliil iml iiniii' l»i.. . n ■ - i: ■
inr'/i '»<• "" ll»« "'III" iiiiiiin' h. ihi-rifjm.i'iiilly Jiiniiiii iiiiil'-riiil lii<iiM l>J 'Vi«"ii 'il ••»•"
ilrtirril liiiii lii linvi iiily iirt llm..' uiiiimI iiii 11 ■.urn.w, iiiiil [il. .irrtl In liiiiiwj «ii.il WKkullitM
(Iml wtrr wilh him, iiul ihKl In AmiM luiiin 1 liml Imii ■ iiiiiniiltnl •)> Hi" •>'"' iii'linril hiin
ilown iinil loll.iW hull In tlm kinK," «o tXMx \ In .lilU. r llir..' kiiiu.l"K' "i- '. «;"l"'"' ''sn""*-
Ht'iriiltiil 111' hi> iliini'fl wi.rili iiiiil ii.urli'oii. In- 1 niiln lln' kiii|{ .if Alnitli. Iml Jiliii>hii|ihu( wh»
ti«%i«r, Hiiil <-iiiiir liowii iiii.l l.illiiiv»il him, Ami w*4 a niihliuu" inBii, riMiiiirMn. .1 hiiii, umt ls<!i«#
wh<ii hrcmiM liilhi- kliiK.lm imiiihohil lohliii, I him xuil 111 tbn n«m|i, mi. I km.w Hhilhirwiy
.iml liilil him, Ibiil "IJihI .iml, Sim r ihuii hiol 1 |iru|ih. I nf IJixl !«»« 1 nnn ulmiK «iin Ihrm, lh«
ilupKril him «• mil h. iiiR (Iml, iiii<| <« iiiiilil. Ii» I »« minhl hV him Uufu frum (iuiKwhiil wi: .hwiiM
I'ortflrll ih<' Iriilh hIkmiI lliy ili<li iii|Mr, liut li<i>l 1 ilu. An
thf khiK III Jiiimilrm, il'V.i'- ifdml iifxll liy
i llifm 111 mlf fliiir nittiifi iin.iiiMl ftiiir iiiiiiHH
lliniiinh )hi' AmI Unit" ni li'mii, »n I »»li'n lh»Jf
I liKil l.ikrn » «mii|in«< 111 "iiii il'i.ii' j'iMrnrjr,
' ihry »••'» III ill«lrii» I'nr «iiiii ni wilit hif lljf
.. . rnliU', "nil I'.r ihi" unny, Inim ilu luntiike of
1 1 1 «li»'ir iiiHiii ••) il"! Kii'ii" I'liii ii.ii 111! Inl ilhfi*,
lit. ' in«iimmh Uinl Ihry wirr nil 111 im ii(l>iii>, rfp«-
ulil hy him Icui'u fruiii (iuiKwIinl \i>- »h«iiM
ml whl'» 1111)1 1'lf 111!' •rrmiil'iif .JiiruinMid.
11 uf Mh»-
iiiiDl to 111* K"'! I'f '■■kriih III iiiiiuin. uf hiul t*liii< I lliiillr hml M^a llwrr Klli-lm, iIh' h'II
mil 111' Ihi- <'iiil iif llii» ihy tlUli inimr, kno««^lliiii, I***." ihn iii«l(il« Uf Klijiih, Ilir llin «• k
ilmithou thnlt illi." • I 10 him, «l thi- rnlrimty iH' Jrhniilliili
i Air<inliiiKly, l!ir kine in n <irr\ lillli' linx'
■ lied, «• Klijiih Imil I'unlinil: hiil Jrliiirmn liin
liriillitt' tai-ci'i^drd hin; in llir kln);dijiur (v>' hi'
•lied withiiul ollihlrl'n^llnl I'lir Ihli ,li litoiiii. hr
tvua likr Ilia InlhiT Alidi In uiikidm «<( mid
r<ii(tit.d Iwi'lvu yriira, iiiiliilj;liiK^ihi«<'lf ih ill
»«rt« of wickrdiiraa iiiiil impirly l,iirunl<t lioil;
lor. IrnviiiK "T hi" «i.r«lii|i, lifl ivifrahimii'd (<>•
rt'ignpoili: hut in iiOur ri«|M'i'i« hi' win\i|irii<>
livi- mtin. i\ii«r III Ihia liuU' il "u* Ihiit J'.lijnh
ili|iinpriirr<l I'runi omuu); mi'n, Hiid iiii <i|ir Knnwt
nf hia deiith to thia very diiy ; but hi' li It lifijiiml
him hi* diariiilr V.Uahii, iiaHi'hiiwi I'liriiifi'ly di"
I luri'il. Ami llidt <'il, ii« III Klijiih, xiid iia In Kimvh,
who wm iH'fore thr dijniti', it i« wrillin in Ihf
nHtri'il books that tlivy iliaiiiTjirurfit, lint an llmt
tiobodjr kiii'W that tin y ilit-il.
CIIAl*. III.
Hou<Jii/mm undjihotlinfluit maile an F.xpidilion
ap;aiiiit Iki JVoahilti; ai aUu ronceriurgr ilte
li'dnJtftiffKliiha; anil lilt Jealhiifjihittha-
phmt.
\ 1. WilCN Jonni h»(l tiikrn apiin him Ihi-
kinj(dom, he. drtrrminetl to mukc iin i'ii|iiilitiiin
• it In rommonly r«t««m«il 11 vprjr rruii| artlon of Kli-
tiili, wlirn he rnllMl for n nrofnitn hrnvrn, iinil riin-
tuilicd nil fewer tlitn Iwii rapiolna miit A Imnilrrd ml-
dlrrii, niiit llriH for no oilier crime ihati iihpvInK the <ir
dvranfirii'lr klii||. In uUi'in|iliii|i lo n>i7.e hlin; iinil II in
owni'il hy nnr r^avlniir Hint it waii an Inaliiiinr iif irriiliT
■everlly than llic anirit of lli« Niw 'rralunii'iit iilkiwa,
hoke in. St. llut tlien n'C innal innalder, that II la iiul
unlikely llmt llirae f«|itiilna miil aniillera liellevc il llmt
they wire aent to Irlrli llir |iro|iliet,'lhnl he niluhl lie
(Hit to ileiilli lor rorvli'Minx lliv di'athonii' kinn, nnd
ihiw wlii(etlii'v kiu'W liiiii 10 lie Ilu; proiilirt ol'tlie iriie
fiod.lhi aii|ireiiiii kiii( of larm'l, (riirllii'y wore atiil 1111
d«r the tlieocrai'V.) whirli wua no loaa tliaii Inipiely,
rabellion,andtreaaon in tiie liinheat deftre. Nor would
th« command ofaatilmllprn, or Inferior raplaln. con-
tradktinK tha r<Dnniaiida of the seiicral, wlien thernp-
IBlnandaoldlrrahoth knew it lolH'ao, nal aiip|H)ar,Juii'
Itiy or tirtiaa aurli groa* ivbvllluD and diMibedlencr In
nija went
lliiuliHl ; and
wb'ii lliiy w«rp riimr at Ihr |irii|if»ra lani,
whii'h lilil waa (lilihril out of tli<' 1 .iiii|i» Iha*
ii.kid liiiii, "W'hiit (viiuld l>ecoiiie of llic ttrmy'l
And J.iriiin hiI« |mnliiiliiily »«ry (irtaaiiijf with
liiiii uluiiil il. And wlii'ii 111' ri|iliid I" him, that
" lii' ali.iiitd Htrl tniulilr liiiii, Iml (;i« Ik Ida lather'a ■
mill uinllii r'a prKplu'la, for ihi 1 [ Ik Im «nri 1 war*
lull' |irK|ihi'f»," hi: (till ill airiil liiiK to liroiilieav,
uiiif Ik amc them. So hi' awiire liy <!ii(U that na
would not anaivcr him niiliaa it win' on iiriount
of J<'lio*hn|iliul, who waa a holy mid ritrlili'oua
lunn; and ivheii, nt hi» iliaire, they lirKiinlu him
a mini that louhl nlay on the ptiiltrry , the dtfin«
Spirit 1 iiiwe uiwif hiiii n Iho nmair. played, and
he ronimiiMled tlii'm lo lUf; iminv tri'ui'hrt in Ihn
valli'j ; for, mid he, "Though I'ln re appear nei-
ther iloud, nor wind, nof atommf fiiin, ye ihall
•ee Itiin valley full of wntrr, till th/* army and lb*
rntlli' lie anvVd for von by drinking of il; nor
will thia l)e all the liivor llmt you aliiill reiViVa
from tJod, but yoo ihall u4«oovi'i'ii>iii« youreaa-
mil", nnd t^ke the beat And »ti'KII({i"it eitiW
of Ihi-' Monbitra, nnd you ahull lut tlu^«4l thair
fruit-treea.f and. Inr waate Ilu ir counlry, and
atoii liii their fiMinlaina and rivera."
>i. When the |>roptiet hlid auid thia, tlie neit
aoMiem at thia day. Afordinirly, when' Hani rom-
niunded hiainnrdatoalay Aliiiiiclrrli nnd ihe prteala at
MolMliey khi'W II to be an unlawfiil Cfilnniaiirt, aii4
would mil oley il, 1 Hum. a»ii. P. Kroni wl Uli ■ aaea
b<i! Il oIlWi ra II lid iioldlrra may learn, 'hni the romnianda
oftlieirli'nilertorkliiBariiiiiiOljuiililVoreii'ii'KIIemlm
doiiiKwIinliawlrknl Ijillie wiil.t oKioil, or In l>|jlilinc
innn nnjnal raiiae When llii-ykMOW it no to be.
t'l'hla'prarilreeif tuliiniilown iir plnrklni! nn liy thd
nulla the i'ruit Iriea. vviii fofliiililnii, I've'i in iirilinarr
wiir«,liyilieliiWorMiiiu'".Pi'i*i: «i. lli,Wi.Jindi)nlyaI
lowed l.vlloilinililaparlii'ulari'aae.whenllie Moiiliilea
:
,-^
were to lie pnnialird niiiliulo'f in an eitriioriMnafir
manner for iln.irWiiki'dm'aa. Hee Jrr. xlvlil. II, 13, i:l,
and many the bke priipiii"'ii a axiiinat tl am. ftolhhif
rouM ilierrfori' Jnatify llila prarlirO lint a purtlralar
ronimiaaion friiin CihI liy Ihi piopi el, aa In Ihti prvaeitt
raae,a*lilrh wua ever n iiiilh.-tent warrant Itir brcaklaf
anyA^li rHual or ceremonial law whaiaocvar.
in
ANTIQUITIES UK TUB 1EW8.
inj, btfor* (b« miiMiiiic, • gratt (orNnl ran
ilroof 1; I for Uod had ciiuMd it lo nln vary
pUatlfully at tha tliitanCK of (brc« dayt' journtty
iillo Kdoni ; •<> that (he ariiiy and lh« catik ruiiud
arilar (u drink in ahuodanca.. liiit whru tli«
Moabliri heard that tha thr«« kingawfrvConiiiiK
ii|too them, and niadtt their approarh Ihroucn
the nUderncu, the king of Moab gathtTed nil
..arinj tufethrr prrwntly, and cuiniiiand«il ihcni
to pilch (h||ir camp u|>on the iiiMunlaina, that
wbro thi! rnfniifi lihfluld atlriiipl lu r»i«r ihcir
country, Ihry might nut he cunciuiiid from Ihcni.
But when at (lie filing of the tun they taw tb^
walar in the torrent, tor it wai not far from the
land' of Moab, and that U H'm uf the color of
blood, for nt lucb a iimo (bn wairr ropccially
looka red, hv Ibe tbining of (be ■iiii upon ili (bey
formed a (hUf notion <jf tbi^ aate ot (beir enc-
niei, a) If thfy bad ilain one unother for Ihtnil,
and that the river ran with (b«ir blood. How-
ever, mppoiiiig (bnt tbi< wu« the cukc, they df-
tired their king would lend them nut to apoil
their enenuei; whereupon tbvy all went in
hute, a« to an advantage already gained, and
came to the eneuiy'i ramp, as iiippoting Iheiu
deltroyed already . Hut Ibcir hope dtceiveil
them, for a« tbeir cnciuier itood round about
. ihem, toma of (bein were ,cut to iiiecva, and
others of them were dit|)crte(l, and fled to tbeir
own country. And when the kingt entered the
land of Moab, they overthrew the citiei tbiit were
in it, and ipoilvd tbeir 6Mt, and marred tbem.
tiling Ibeni with itonei out of tbe brooka, and
cut i^wn the bent of their treci, and (topped up
ih'ir fountain* of water, and overthrew tbeir
walli to their foundationf. But the king of
Moab, when he wat puraued, endured a aiege,
and teeing hia city in clanger of being overthrown
by force, ipade a tally, and went out with aeven
hundred men, in onier to break through the
enemiei' camp with bit hortemen, on thut aide
where the watch teemed to be kept iiipat firgli-
gantly : and when apba trial, he could not get
, away, /or be lit upon a ^tace that waa carefully
watched, ho returned iirto the city, and did a
thing that ahowed detpafr and the utiiioat dia-
treit; for he~~ took bia eldett ton, hIio wat to
r«ign after hiili, and lifting hjni up u|)on the wall,
that he might be viaible to all- the eneniiei, be of-
fered him as H whole hurnt-oflvring to God,
whoKl; when the kinet taw, they commiserated
the dittreti that wat tne occaaion of it, and werQ
to affected, in way of humanity nnd pity, that
they raited the aicue and every one returned to-
hit own boute. bo Jchoibaphat came tu Jeru-
taleni, and continued in peace there, and out-
lived thit expedition but a little time, and then
■ died, having lived in all tixty yeara, and of them
reigned twenty^fve. He wat buried in a luag-
ni£«nt manner irt Jerutalcm, for he had inn-,
(ated the actipiia of David.
* That (bit woman who cried to Elialia, and wM'in
•ur BIMe it Myled tkt wift of one of the nam af tttt
frtpM; 3 Kinxi iv. 1, waa no other ilion llie wiiloiv of
Ohadiah, ttaefoodtlewardot Ahah, laciftiMrnied by the
Obaldee parapliratt, and by Ibe Rabbina ami otlieni.
Nor it that uiiUke(y whleb Joaephut bere adda, that
tbcta debia were contracted by her huiband for the
auppiirtofthnie Imnirti tf tkt Ltr^t profkett wham
ha auJRtaiaad ^fJ^ftll <»« ««<, in thd dayi of Ahab and
Jeiebel, 1 Kins* xvlil. 4, Whiclicircuiuttaneca rendered
It h^hly fit that the prophet Elitha ahould provide ber
areinedy, and eniibleber lo redeem heraelfand her
font from the fear of that tiavery wliich Ihtalvent
debion were liable to by the law of Uoaca. I/ev. xxv.
39; Malt, xviii.tU, which he did accordingly, withGod't
help, at the expenae of a miracle. ' .
tor. Hudaoii, with very good rearan, aiitpccla that'
therela no tuiall defect In our preaenteopicaoi' Joaephua,
Juat before the be|tanlnx of thiaaertion. and that chieHy
a* 10 that'diatinctjccaunt which he had given uarcatoii
to expect In tb^1kM|ectiontandtowhich be aeema lo re-
fer, ch. viii. adtl. 6, roncernlnt the gloriout miraclea
which Elhha wrouihli which indeed In our BiMea arc
net a few, 2 Kin(a iv. — ix. but of which we have aeve
laliDDiitWd in JoaepbutV preaeni copiea. Oreof thoee
rHAf, IV.
Jihoram iuetiai$ Jikoiktphal; Aow Jorom, All
JVH>ni$akt, Jl'ing- n/ hratl.faiighl vnlhiht .S'y-
nani,- and what H anJiri vitrt rfone '>y Ihf
Profhtt tUuha.
} I. jMloiiiAriMT hnd a gooil number of chiU
drcn; but he appoinlid bia eldeat ton Jeboraiu lu
be bia aucreaaur, who bpd tbecaamo name witli
hit niotber'a brother, that wiiaking of liiael, and
the ann of Ahab. {Vow when the king of lanir
waa come out of (h» land of Moali to Snuiariii, he
had with bint Kliaha the proplirt, whoae acta I
kiiiind lo go over |)articularly, for they
ttrioua and wurlby lo lie rrlaled, a« hV
have
were
have them act down in ibe'iiacredtiooka,
'i. l-'ur tbey aay that tlie wiiluw uf Obndi.
ah,* Aliab't ateivard, caiiie to bim,and aaiil, thai
" lie waa nut igiiorant how hei- hualiand hail
yreaerveil the iirophett that were to be alain liy
excbel, the. wife of Ahab; for ahe aahl that be
hid H hundred of Iheni, and had borrowed nloney
for their mainlcnanre; and Ihi^t after her hu>-
band'a death, abe and her children were carried
away to be, made alovrt by the credilora; and
the iletired of him to have mercy upon her on
account of what hei* buaband did, and afford bi i
aoine aaaiatance." And whin lie anked tier what
abe bad in the houae, ahetaid, nolbiii^buf ayiry
•mall (fUiuitity of oil in a cruae. So the prophet
bade he^'go. awo^, and borrow a great many
eiiiply vrtaela of her neighbura, iinu when the
had abut her rhaiiiber iloor, to pour the oil itCi
them all ; for Uo<l would fill (hem full. And wwn
the woman Iwd done what the waa commanded
to do, and bade her children bring every one of
the veaacia, and all were filled, 'and not one left
empty, ahe cuuie to the .jiropbet, and told him
tliat ibcr weKe all full: upon which he ndviaed
hir lo go away, ond aell the oil, and pay the cre-
dilora what wiia owing to them, for that there
would be aoine aurplut of the price of the oil,
which the might make uac of for Ihe mainte-
nance of ber cbililren. And thut did Kliaha dia
charge the wonian'a debia, and free her from tlie
vexation of ber rrcdiiort.
3. Kliaha ulao aent a haaty meaaago to Jorani,!
and exhorted him lo tako care of tjiat placet for
(hat therein were aoiiie Syriana lying in ambuth
tokillhiiii. So the king did aa the prophet ex-
horted him, and avoided bia going a hunting.
And 'when Benhadad misaed of the aucccat of.
hit lying in ambuab, he waa wrgth with hit own
aervunta, ut if they had beti^yed hit ambiiih-
nient to Joram, oiid sent for them, and taid
Ihev were the betrayers of bit secret countela:
unJ he tbrea(efied tlmt be would put tbem to
death, ainre ^ucb their practice waa evideiit, be-
cnuae be had intruated this secret to none but
them, and yet it wat Aiade known lo bia en^niy.
And when one that wot pretent aaid, that "he
liiatoiica, oiniltcd at preaeni, was evidently in hia Bible,
I nieiin thni ofllio curing of Naamnn's lnpr09y,S Kinits
v. for he plainly nlluiica lo II, h. iii.ch.xi. seel. 4, where
he ohserves, " that there were lepoit in ninny natioiis
who yd have been in honor, and not duty free from re
proach and avoUapce, but who have been great captains
of nrnilcs, and been inlrusled Willi hinb olHceain the
commonwealth, and have bad the privilege of enusciDg
into holy places and templea." But what mtkeam*
jiioat to retret the want of that liialory In our preaeni
copietof Joaephus hi this, Ibitl we have Irere, im it is
commonly understood, one of the greatest diffirultica in
altlbebibIe,tbBtin!iKinpiv.lH, l!),where\aaman,af
lerhe had been miraciilously cured by n prophet of the
true Gad, and had thereupon promised, v. 17, that " he
would henceforth olfer neither burntolTerihga nor aac
rihce unto oilier gods, but unto the Lord, adds, " In tliia
thing the Lord pardon thy servant, that when my mas
ler goeth into Ihe hoaae of RimraOn to woiahip there,
nnd he leaneih on my hand, and t bow myaelf in the
house of Rimmon; when I bow down myaelf In the
lioute of Rimmon, tl\:e Lord pardon thy aervant in thla
thing. And Elitha said, Goinpeace." Thislookalike
1 .1 prophet's permisaian for beingpartaker in idolalry
i itself, out of compliance with an MOMrona emin.
^/v
BOOK 1X.-CHAP. IV.
191
skonlil not rnUlaku niiDMlf.nor luipfrt thai chty
hwl (liKuvornil (o bit «n«iuy hia iciiiling iiirn tu
kill liim. hut Ihnl lis uuglit to know lliat it WM
Kliiliit llx'" prunhrt, wliu iliu'ovcrcd nil tu him.
■nil Uid up«a ill liii rounuU." Su ha f»yt or-
der that Inry thould umijoine to lr.arn in what
v'Uy Kliilia dwelt. Accordinitl;. tlmtu that w«r«
Mut brought word, (hat h« waa i» Uothan:
wbrrtfora lUnliadnil lent ti> that city a vr«at
•miy, with honea and chariota, to take Uiaha;
to in«y rncompaaaed tho city round about by
night, and kcfit him thrrein.1 confined; but when
the propbet't aervant in the morning nercrived
tiiia.anuthat hia eneniiea aought to take Kliaha,
he Caniii runnin);, and crying out after a diior-
derrd nmnncr to him. and (old him of it; but ha
i:ncourHgcd him, anil bid him not be afraid, and
(o ileapiae (he enenijr, and truat in the •aaia(aiice
uf Uod. and waa bimaelf without fear; and he
b«auu)(ht (iod to make nianifeat (u hia airvant
hia iMWcr uud prcarncr, ao fur aa waa po»aibl«,
in order (o (h« inapirjnK him with tiope and cou-
rage. Accordingly Uud heard (he prayrr of the
pfophct, and made the aervant aee a iiiuhilude
i(f chariod and horaaa rncompaaaing KlialiH, till
he laid aaide hia liar, and hia eourage revived
at the ai|l|h( of what he auppba<>d waa come to
their aaaittanre. After (hia Kliaha did furdier
•n(reat U«d (hB( he would dim (ho eye* of thtir
cnaniica, and caat a niilit before Ihcm^ whereby
they might not diaccrn him. When tliia waa
done, be went into the inidat of hia cncmica, and
V Baked them' who it waa tli«t tbi-y cunie to atck;
and when tiiej rvplird, the propbrt Elialia, he
proiniaed be would deliver him (a (hem, if (hey
would follow him (o the city where he waa. So
theau men were ao darkened by tSod in thcjr
aight and in their mind, that (hry followed him
very diligendy; and when ICIiaha had brought
thini to Sunmria, he ordered Jurani the king (o
•hu( (be ga(t'B..und (u place hia own aniiv round
"kbout tliem; and prayed to (iod (o clear (lie
eyes of theae their ehciuica. and take the iniat
from before (hciii. Accordingly, when tlii'.v were
freed froiii the obscurity tliey had been iin thi-y
aaw thciiiaelves in (he ini(la( of (heir enoniies;
. and aa (be Sy.riana were a(rangely aniaicd and
dia(reaaec|, aa waa but reoaoiinble, at 'tan action
ao divine and aurfirising; and aa king -loram link-
ed the prophet if hu would Rive Tiiiii leiive to
' ihoot at them, Klinha forbade them ao to do, and
said, that " it ia ju«t to kill tlioae that«re taken
in battle, but t|iol these men liud done the coun-
try no barm, but without knowing it, were conic
: thi(her by the divine poweri'' So that hie coun-
aei wai to treat (hem in a lioapi(uble manner at
. hia table, and then aend them awiiy wi(lioii( hurt-
ing tliem.* Wherefore Joram obeyed the pro-
phet; and when he had feaatcd the Srriana in a
■pleodid and magnificent manner, he let them gu
,t^ Benhadad, their king. <
4. Now when theae men were come back, and
had allowed Benhadad how strange an accident
had befallen them, and what an appearance and
power they had experienced of the Cioil of Israel,
he wondered at it, as also at that prophet with
whom God was so evidently present : ao he de-
(eruiiued to make no more secret attempts upon
. the king of Israel, out of fear of Kliaha, but re-
solved to make open war with them, as supposing
he cuuld b<e too hard for his enemits by (lie mul-
titude of bis army and power. So he made nn
exp<rdition with a great army against Joram, who.
not thinking hiinaelf a match fur him, ahut him-
self up in Saiiiuriu, and d<'|)«inled im (he strength
of its Walla; but lleahuilail auppoaid He should
lake the city, if not by hia riij^inra of war, ytt
that be should overuunie (he'Siiiiiari(ans by fa-
mine, and (b* wan( of iieresaanra, and brought^
his army upon them, and binirgid the city: and
the plenty of ncceaaurira was briiUKlK aif low
wi(h Joram, (ha( fruni (lie rs(remily'ul want an
ass's head was sold in Samaria fur luiiracore pi«-.
e^s of silver, and (he Hebrews buu||(hl a s«'ltar|
of dovaV ilung, lns(ead uf salt, for livi< piicea uT
ailfcr. Now Juraiii waa in fear le»t kimii'lmdy
ahould betray the city (o (he riiiiuy liy leasoa
of (he famine, and weut every day ruuiiilihe walls
and the guarda, (o see whedier any tuili w«r«
concealed among (hriii; and by biing (hua sri-n,
and taking such care, he^l^irived them of (b«
opportUni(y of <ontriviiiKil|f|aiu<-h (hiiig. and if
(hey had a mind to do i(.lW»y (liis means, pre-
ven(kd (hem; but upon n certain woinan'arrying^
out, "Have -pity on me, my lord," while ha
(bought (hat she waa nbj^ut (u nuk for soincwhal
(o eat, he imprecn(eil (lod's curse lijion her, and
said, "he had nei(her (hriabing-lloiir nnr wine-
J)l»ss, whence he miKh( give li.-r any (liing a( her
pc(i(ion." lJ|)on which she i-iiitl, "She did not
ilesire hia aid in any such (hing, nor (rouble him
about fowl, but ilesircd (hB( he w«uld do her jus-
(ice Bs-(o aDO(hi'r woman." And when be bade
her say on, and li t him know what the ileHired,
she said, "She hud nude an agreement with the ^
other woman, who waa her iieighbur and her
frienil, that because the famine and want waa in-
tolerable, they ahould kilt (heir chihlreii.ruch of
them having U aon of her own. uiid we will live
upon (hem ourKtliea for (wo duya, (he one day
upon one aon. and (liii o(hcr ilny iipoii (he oUier:
and, (tail! alir,) 1 have killed my Kon the lint day,
and we lived ii|>on my aon ye»t«hlay, but thii
other woman will iiut'du the Mimr Ihinj;, but'
hath broken her ligreenienl, and hath hid her
son." Thia story iiiifshlily giiived Joram when
die heard it ; so hq ren( hm Biiriiicn(, and cried
out witba loud voice, and conceived great wrB(b
against Kliaha (he projihe(, and set ' liiinaelf
eagiirly (o bave him alain, becuiuie he did not
pray to God (o provide (hem some exit and way
of escape out of the iniseriea ivitii which they
were surrouniled, and aeht one away imm.eili-
a(eiv to cut oil' his head, who iiiaiie liitnte to kill
the 'prophet'; but Kliiiha was mil tiniicquaiuted
ividi the wrnth of,(he king iigaiiiat him; I.ir a*
he snt in his house by himself, with nolle but his
disciples nbont him, he toM thciii, (lm( Jorani,
who was the »oh of a iiiunlerer.t had neut pne
to take, away his head; but, said ho, "when h«
(hat is commanded to do this ciiiiits. t;ike caro
that you do not let him come in, but prus (he
door Bgainitt him, and huld him f.i»t lliere, foi
the king hiui^elf will iollovv liini, imd ciime to
me, Imving altered bis mind " Aciordiiigly,
they did as thev were bidden, whi'n he tlint Was.
sent by the king to kill Klisb;i laiiio; but Joram
repented of hik wrath against the nroptict, and for
fear he that was commanded to kill him should
have done it before he came, he made baste to
liinder hrs slaughter, and to save the prophet;
and when be came to him, he accused liiiii that
be did not pray to God for their deliverance from
the miseries thev now lay uiidrr, but saw (hem
so sadly des(royrd by tliem. Hereupon Klisha
promised, (hat the very next day, ut (be very
t jrhto »•■ a/ a mutiertr wn« Joram, the «on of Ahab;
Wlileh Ahab slew, or pcnniited his wifn JeUeliel to slay
tlie Lord's ptopliels, ami Naliotl", 1 Kinss xvtii. <: m.
19: and he is hererBllnil \'y this nniiie. I anpiw""- "»■
* Upon orcaslon of this ■tra(a|iem of Eltaha's in Jose-
phu», we may take notice, thatalthough Josephus was
one of (he ureatcst lovers of triidi in the world, yc( in a
iust war lie seems to liavc had no manner of scruple up- .». - — -, — .-.; ' „ . «■„ ;.; .j,-
•B him I.y all such stratoRcms i>osi.ihle to deceive public I cause he had now also himself sen nnoflicer tnmurHtr
•nrfmles. See also Joscplius-saVroiintofJeremiah'sljii. him; yet is Josephus's ncc.mn' "f Jo"'"*™'"':'!-' ™;
Son on the sreat inen of tho Jews in somewhat a self at Inst, ns rcpeniina ..f hi* intended rriieWy, auir i
lika caac. Antiiiri). J. cli. vli. se;-.. C, and !.' (?am. ivi. i more probable ihau th.it m our ropit > . 'J kinca vi, J.,
10 Ut wiiicb rather imp!ieft!.Cf;oii-.rary.
V . -
V:
■ t..-
(*in« hour in which lh« kini
ANTIQUITIES OF TUB JKWa.
(*in« hour in which lh« lunc r.tnx* (a him, Ihry
•hould hiive gnat plenty i"( fomi, miil (hnt «wo
•fiihri of Imrlty •houlil b« Kltl in thn niai%i;( fur
u thcktl, «nil ■ leiih of fina llrtHr ihoulif be «>M
lor a nhckcl. Thii pri-rtietion iiiiiil« J,)n«in, anil
thoM that nrtp prrai-nt, very joyful, for tiiey
iliil not irruple b»|i(.vin(f what (hi. propliit wiiJ,
iin acnnuiit ol the t'tipt^rirnrn Ihi'V li«il of the
truth of hi* furnmr pnsUictionn; Hnil llie expertn-
lion of plt'iitv made the wiiiit lliry were in that
day, with the uniatineiif that ucroiiipunird it,
. appear a liKhl thing to tliivin: but the coptnin of
the third iMiicl.whi) wa* a frii nd of the kinr.and
on n\tmr hniid lh« kiii(; leanwl, taid, "Thon
liilUtt Of iniTcdibIc thingt, O prophet! for ai it
IK imnrwdble for God to pour dcmii lorrenli of
barlijV, or lino Hour, out of henveiij k, it in ini-
poa^ible lliHt what thoir »iiye»t <lioiilil ronie to
■ f'"r/" '" *'"'•'' 'ho prophet iiinde thia rtply,
•• Ihou xhiiir nee thme thiiiK>romf< to pnta, but
thou ihalt not be in the leant a pnrlnkcr of them."
6. Now what Kli«hn had tliUH foretold, caino
to nan in the inannrr fulluivin);: there wfta a law
»t Samaria,* (hat tho.e that had tho leproiv.ond
. whote bodien were not eleanied from it, thould
abide without the tity ; and there were fonrnien
that on thi» account a'jode before the gates,
while nobody gave them any food, by reiixoii of
the extremiiy of the famine: and a» thev were
prohibiteil fr.mi rntcriug; into the city by I'hc law,
and they coluidered that if they were permitted
to enter, they ihould niiterably perii.li by the
laminc;. an also, that if they staid where' they
were, Ihcy should suffier in the same manner,
they resolved to deliver theiiiselvet up to the
elieniy, that in case they should •noic them,
they should live, but if they shoidrl be [iillt'd,
that would be an easy death. So wlieii tliey hint
eonfiriued this' their resolution, they raiuo by
night to the enemy's ramp. Aow (iocl had be-
:un to attright and disturb tire Svriuni). and to
ring tho nui^c of chariots and armor to their
ears, as though on army were coining upon
them, and had made them suspect that it was
roming nearer and nearer to them. In short,
they were in such a dread of this army, that
they left their tents, and ran together to lienha-
dad. and taid, that "Jordin. the king of Israel,
had hired for auxiliaries, bcUh the king of Kgypt
.ind the king of tlie island.s, mid led them again.,1
them, for they heard the noise of Ihoio ii» thiy
were coming." And l)enhn>t|^ belir.v.d wimt
they said, jfur tliere caiiiellie Simie oi)i-e to his
r.ar» ot Well as it did to theirs,) so (li.v fell into
(i mighty disorder and tuniiilt, and "left their
liortea and beasts in their ciiiii|), nilli inimeiisi:
nchei al»o, and betook ihiiiiMlves fo lliglit.
And those lepers who hail dejuiHed from Saiiiu-
ri9, and were gone to the camp ijf the S'vriaiis,
of whoiu We made mention n little bcfori^ when
they were in the camp, .^aw nothing but gnat
quietness and silence: uccordinglv thev entered
into it, and went hastily into oiic of tlieir ten(«,
and when they saw nobody there, thev iile and
tiratik, liud carried garments and a great <iuan-
tity of xold, and hid it out of the camp; after
whion they went into another tent, and carried
olTwhat was in it, as they did at the former, and
. this did they for several tiincs, without tlic least
intel'riiption from any body. So they gathered
thereby that the enenii-et were departed, where-
upon they reproached theiimelrci that they did
not inform Joram and the citizens of it. So they
came to tlie walls of Samaria, and called aloud
to the^wntchnien, and told them in what state
the enemies were, as did these tell the king's
—lards, by whose means Joram came to know i
■itjwho then sent for his friends, and the cap-
tains oMu$host, and said to them, that "he sus- I
• This law ojTthe Jews, for the exclusion of lepers out i
of the rainp in llin wildcrnos!', anil oiit of cities in Judea, !
18 ii well known uii«. Lev. xiii. .le; and Numb. v. J— 4. I
bi
parted that thia departure of tlie king of >»n»
W|is by way of ambush and Irearhery, and. that
out of despair of ruining you by famine, when
you imagine thrtti to be lied away, you may
roine out Of the city to spoil their rain|>, and liii
may tin ii full upon vou ihi • iuihien, and lu^y
both kill you, and take the city without fighting;
whence it is that I exhort you to guard the city
carefully, and by no means to go out of it, or
proudly to ilenpisn your eneiiiiet, as though they _
were really gone away." And when ■ certain
person said, tiMt "he ilid very well and wisely
to admit iurh a suspiiion, but that he still -
advised hini la iiend a couple of hnisenirh to
sian Ii all tho country; at far as Jordan, that ir
they wire seize^ by an ambush of the enemy,
they might be a security to yiMirarniy, thatthiy
may not go out as if they suspected nothing, nor
undergo the like misfortune: and, (sahf he,)
those horsemen may be numbered aiiionclthose
that have died by the famine, tupposingwfy he
caught and destroyed by the enemy.' So the
king Was pleased w'ith this opinion, and tent luch
at might' search out the truth, tvhd performed
their journey over a rond that was witjiout anv
enemies, but found it full of: nrovisions, and oV
weapons, that they had therefore thrown away,
and left behimi them, in order to theirheing light
and expeililioiis in their llight. When the king
heard this, he sent out the multitude to liU<e the
spoils of (he camp; which Eains of theirs were
not of things of small value, but they took a great
liuantily ol gold, and a great i(uniitity of silycr,
a«id Hocks 6l all kinds of cattle. 1'hey also pos-
sessed themselves of [so many] ten thousand
measures of wheat and barley, as they never in
the least dreamed of; and were not only treed
from tlieir former miseriet, but had such plenty,
that two sealis of barley were bought I'or a
shekel, and. a teah of fine flour for a sTickel, ai--
eorcliiipf Id the prophecy qf Klishn. Mow a seah
is eipiul to an rtulian modius and a half. The
captiiin of the third band vl^•^ the only ninii that
received no benefit by this plenty; for as he was
appointed, by the king to oversee the gate, that
he might pr«:vcnt too great a crowd of tlie niiilti-
tudi , that they might not endanger one another
and perish; by treading on qHc nnotlier in the
press, he sullercd h'imielf in that very way, and
died III tluit very manner, as Klisha had fori'told
sui-h hit death, when he alone of them all disbe-
lieved what he said conciming that plenty of
prqviiioiis which they sliouhl soon have.
fl. Herruponi when Uenhadad. the king of Sy.
ria, had escaped to Damascus, and understood
that it was God himielf that ca$t all his nrmy
into this fcar and disorder, and that it did not
arise from the invasion of enemies, he was
mightily ea«,t down at hit having God so greatly
for his enemy, and fell into a distetuper. j\ow it
happened that Elitha the prophet, at that time, '
wa» rone out of hit own country to Damasciii.,
of which 'Itenhadad wrat informed.; he sent Ha-
lael, the most faithful of all his lervantt, to
meet hiin,.aud to cafry him presents, and bade
him inquire of him about hit distemper, and
whether he should escape the danger th*t it'
threatened. So Hiuael came to Elislia witli
forty camels, that carried the best and most pr< -
ciout fruits that the country of Damasrus'aHord-
ed, as well at those which the king's nvluee suii-
plicd. He tainted him kindly, and said/ th:it " he
was tent to bim by king Benbadad, and brought
presents with him, in order to innuire conreru-
ing hit diitemper, whether he ihould n cOv< r
from it oc not?" Whereupon the proiihet bade
him tell the king no melancholy news, but still he
said he would die; So the king's servant was
troubled to hear it; and Elitha wept also, and his
tears ran down plenteoutly at'hia foretight Of
what iniaeriet his people would undergo after
the death of Benbadad. And when Ha^ael uk-
yST-
BOOK IX.-CHAr. V. VI.
im
•d him, whit w»t tho oert»ion of llii* cortfution
hawMinl he »»iil. thni "lir wrjit huI of coin-
iniurHtion for lliu iiiulliludr ol tli« lnriiHilcli,
■nd whit Hrrible nii«rif» they will i.iifl«r hy
(h«e; for thou wilt tliiy »li<' »trongr«t of Ihero,
' Hiid Will burn their ulronxnt ciliM, «nil wilt <l«-
•Iroy thrrr <;hildn-n, mill tlii'li thciii ii;;i«in«t the
■lonri. and will rip up thrir women Willi cliilil.
And whfn Hiii»«l raid, ;' How rnn il l>« Ihit I
•hould h«v« now«r enoujih to do nich IhinjiT
ThA prophet rrplM, "That Uod hqd informed
bini llmt bn iliould b#i king of Hvri«." So when
HriiicI wm rume to Heiilmdid, n<- lohl hini good
newx'onccniini; hi» di«tenipi;r;" but on the next
d>y he iprtad u wet cloth in the natiirn ol n net
over him, iind utmngled him, «nd took hit do-
minion. He wm an nctivo niun, nnd hud the
good-will of the Syriim»,«nd of the people of
I)»ni»»cui, to ■ jrcat d.^ne; by wlinni both
Uenhadnd bimtelf, and HniatU who rulid after
him. are hotiored to thii day M bmU by reB»on
of their benefactioni, and their budding them
tamplen, by which they adorned the cil^- of the
Dauiuneenci. 'I'hey alio every day do wuhgreat
poiiiii pay their worihip to theie kingn.t and va-
lue thennelve* u|ion thtir antiquity ; nor do they
know that llie«e kiiiga are much later than they
imagine, and that they arc not yel eleven hun-
dred yeirt old. Noiv when Joram, the kme ol
Iiraci heard that Uenhadnd wai dead, he reco-
vered out of the terror and dread he had been in
on bi» account, and wa» very glad to live in peace,
, CHAP, v:
CtnetnUnz Iht tVidudntu tfjthotam King of
Jtnualem. Hit Vifiatand Vtath.
i 1. Now Jehoram, the king of J»ru»alem, for
we have laid before that ho had the annie name
with the king of Urael, aa loon »• he had taken
the government iipon hlni, betook bimself to the
■laughter of bin brethren, ond hi» father'* friendi,
who wrte governors under him, and thence made
a beginning, and a demonntralion of hi* wickcd-
iMu; nor wai he at all better than thoie king*
.of Israel .who at first Jronirresscd against the
laws of their Country, and of the Hebrews, and
against God'* worship. And it wa» Athuliah,
the daughter of Ahab, whom h* bad married,
who taugiit him to bo a bad man in other
respects, mid also to worship foreign gods. Now
• God would not quiti; rootoiitthislnniily.liecBHSc
of the promise he had made to David. . However.
Jehoram did imt Icnvc olf the introduction of
new sort* of cusfonit, to the propagation of iiii-
piety, and to the ruin of the customs of his own
country. And when the Edoniitcs about that
liuie had revolted from him, and slain their for-
mer king, wlio was in subjection to hi* father,
and liad set up one.of their own choosing, Jeho-
ram fell upon the land of Kdoiii, with the liorsc-
. men that were about him, and the chariots,' by
night, and destroyed those that la;r near to his
own kingdom,butdid not proceed lurthcr. Howi
» Since Elljaimid not live to anoint llaznci kinc of
Syria hiniscit, n* he was empowered to do, 1 Kiiii* xix.
IS, it was most probably now (loiic, In liis iioiiie, liy hi"
iervatit and surcessor Elitl.a: nor ilcies il aeein lo me
ollii'rwise, hut Hint I]eiibudud immediately rerovered
of ills disease, ns tlie prophet forcfblil; and tliat Ilur.,-ie1,
upon Ilia lieiilj niioiiitcd to siirroed liim, llioiiiili iic
oufllitto have slaid till lie died hy tlie course of natiirp,
or «oine other way ofiliviiic punishment, as did Diivid
for many yenrs in the like case, was too impiitieni, and
- tlie very iie.il dav smothcrtd nriitrangled liiiu,tnordcr
tocomo directly iothrsuMcMion. .. , ,
tWIiat M. I.e Clerc pretends liero that it is moro
^ prolwMc that ll.iMCl and hlssonwcr! worshipped liy
the Syrians, and peoplB of Uamasru.", till tlie day* of
iManbos, iliiin Benliodnd and Ilnzael, herauin under
Benliadad they had arcatly sulTercd, nnd liecause it i*
aliBOM IneredlUlc, that both a king, arid that king'a
Btardercr, should be woriUlppeU by tbe same Syrians,
id
ever, this ciprdilion did him no i«r»i*'«. for tiny
all revolted from hhrt.with thosa lh,it dwelt in
the country of I.ibhali. Hu was inde4d so iinjd. (^
a* to ronipti the people In Ko.up li> the l>i>,h pla
CCS of the mountaius, and to worihip fiiriiftn godsi .
2. And M he was doing this, nilil had entirely.
CMf hi* own country lawn oat of hi* iiiiiid, lh*r« ■
wa* brought him an enislh: lioin Klijah the prO-
phel.t which declared that "(iod would eieculf
great jurlRmcnts u|inn him, liecniue hi' had not
niiitatfd Ills own father*, hut had folluned the
wicked foiirtes of the king* of Isratii and haif .
comiielled the tribe of Judah. and the iitueii* ol
Jerusalem, to leave the holy worship of their
own (iod, and to worship idols, as Ahab had
compelled the l.raelite* to do, ami because h*
had slain his brHhvcn, and the men that were
rood and rightcou.." And the nrophetgavchiin
notice In this epUtle, what punisJimcnl he ihould
undergo for these triiips, namely, |'the de-
structron of his people, with Ihii corruption of ti«
king'* own wives and children, and thatt^lut
should hlimelf die qf a distemper in his bowels,
with long torments, those his bowel* falling_ out
hy i)\e vndeiice of the iiiWard roltennes* ol the
parts, inaomuch, that Ihnugh bo »ep his own
misery, he shall nol be aide at all to help himself,
bill shall die In that rnhnncr." 'i;his it wasivbich
Klijah denounced lo him in that epistle.
X Itwnstiot long after thi* that an army of
those Amliians that liveU mar to Klhiopia, and
of the I'hlllatines, fell upon the kingdom ot Jeho-
»n. nn/i anniled the countrT and the king a
ram, and ipoiled the country and the kinga
house; moreover, thev slew his sons and hi*
wive*: ona only of hi* *on» wa* left him, who
e*caped the enemy; hi* name wa*AhBjiah: af-
ter which calamity, he him*elf fell into that di*-
pa*e which was foretold by the pf<>»>he«, "nU
lasted a great, while, (for Uod innicledtbni pu-
nishment uiwn him in hi* belly, out of In* wrath
against him,) and so h* died luiierabiyi >nd latv
hi* own bowel* fall out. The people also abuied
hi* dead bodyt I *uppo*e it was because they
thought that such hi* death came upon him by
the wrath of God, and that therefore b« was not
worthy to partake of such a funeral as became
kings. Accordingly, they neither buried hini m
tho sepulchres of his father*, iior vouchsafed him
any honors, but buried him like u private man.
and this when he had lived forty year*, and
reigned eight: and the -people of Jerusalem de-
°livered the government to his son Ahniiali.
CHAP. VI.
i/oio Jehu ten* anoinfrrf King, and iUitt both
Joram and Ahatiah; as aUo lohat he did /or
tht Punuhtneiit of (he IVicktd,
SI Npty Joram the king of Israel, after the
death of Uenhadad, honed that he might now
take Ramolh, a city of (.iilcad.lroni the byrian*.
Ac.cordinclv; he made un expedition against it,
with n "retit army: butos ho was besieging it.
an arrow wa* shot at him byoric of the byriana.
Isof imie force aRainst those Tccords out of which Joi
MDliusdrcw this liistory, esiironiliywhen It la likely
thiit they thouiiht nenhndad dicdofthc distemper he
Inhorcd under, and nothy llajacl's treachery. Besides,
the reason that Jiiscplius gives for thif adoraiion.thal
these twokinCHhadliecn •.'real hcnctaciOrs lothetii-
hahilantsof Damaaius, nnd had hiiilt ihelii tiiiiplcs, l»
too remote from llie polilirnl suspicions otLvL lerc, nor
oiijht siicli weaK suspii ipiiB lo be deemed ol any force
asainsi authentic leslinionics of niiliipii'.y.
IThiarnlslle, in some ropica of Joaephns, is said lo
coine to Joram from Elijah, wllhlhii nddltloii, .ei-»»
WHS vet vpvn c«r(A, whii h coiild not lie trucof Wiiali,
who, n« all agree, wn.< tone from the earth atiout four
ycarwkefore, and could only be true of Elisha; nor Mr-
liaiB t« there any more iiiyslcry here, than Hiat tb«
name of Klijah ha* very nnclently crept Into tha IMI
initead of Eliaiia, by the copiers, there being noUdaf :■■
any copy of that epbtle peculiar to Eiyah. .
I
IM
ANTlCiUITiEa or THE JEWS.
bul Um wouad wu not laorul i n ha rdurnail lo
hate hit wuund hcnlml in Jviri'rl, but Irft hit
whuin irmy In Kaniulli, ■iiU Jihu lli« «>ii iW
Miniihi fur Iheir (cnvnil, fur he had tilrridv tu-
k«n(b«city by hiret; ami ha |)ro|>oie(l, afur h«
wrat hualed, to nikka war With the Mvriani; but
K.hdia lh» pro|)h<!t •< nt uile of hii diicinlri.to
iUinolh, ami jjavti hiiii holy oil to aniiliit J«hu,
and to tail hiiu that Uud had cho«cn him lo b«
(heir king. Ha alto lunt him to my other
•»i"K; '" "»m, and bade him lak« hit journey aa
if 1(« Ae<l, (hut wlivn h« ranie away hu niiicht c»-
t»p^ (hi! knuwlc<l|^<' of all men. So whenlia Miai
Konie to (he ci(y, he found Jehu lillinir in (he
ninli( 01 (h« caiKuina oi thv urui^ , ni Kli»lia had
forKol<l he ihould tind him. Ho hi- cunie ui> to
him, and uid. (hat he deaireil (o uieak wi(h him
"''"*" C'rdiin iim((eri; anil when lie utm ariien,
and had fullowed him into an imvnrd chaiulier,
Uie youne iiran (ook (he oil, ami poured i( on M»
heud, and tald, (ha( "God ordained liim (o bo
iW ?"'*■" '" hi« deKrbying (he houau of
Ahub, and that he might reveiiKe the blood of.
the |iro|)heti, (h:i( were uiiiu.tly tluin by jeie-
Del, (hat ao (heir houio might utterly iieriah, in
Jhote of Jeroboam the ton of Nebat, and of
HUtha, had ueriahed for their wirkedncai, and
no feed miebt rvnmin of Ahab't llimily," • So
when hu httirsuid (bia, he went away liuKtity oiil
of (he chamber, and endeavored nut tu be acen
by nnv.'of (he army.
2. Uut Jehu" Cniue oqt. and went to (hi; place
where Ijb before aa( with the captaina: and when
Ihay atked him, and dcaired him to tell them,
wherefore it wai that thii yoiin(f man iiiniu to
fcinij ami added withal thatV Waa'mad: ho re-
plied, " You gueaa right, for the worda he apake
ware thxi word* of a luadman;" and wlun ihiy
"*''?. **fi" ''""'' "'" '"»«'«'. and doaired he
would ttll them, he anawered, that Gad had aaid,
»"he had choaeu him to be king over the lUuU
titude." When he had aaid thia, every one of
them put off hia gariuiint,* and atreWed it under
him, and blew with trumped, and gave notice
^ that Jehu wat king. So when he hajgotten the
army together, he waa prc|>aring to act out im-
mediately Bgainat Joram, at the city of Jeireil,
kiiic wanted (n know Kj bu( Jehu bada him ni(
at all III uieddle with auch niRttira, but lo iVdIiiw
liiiii.- When the walchmmi »iiw lliia, |i\i tiild J.,.
ram thiit the iKiraeman had mlngli.l hiiiiatll
aiiiung (he roiujMiny, and came aluiig hiiIi ihtni.
And whtiii the king had unl a ancund liiia^mi.
5er, Jehu conmianded liini lo do a» llie foiinep
id; aa aaun aa lliii wutchnian tnhl Ihia alto to
uruiil. \J at la.t got upon hia cl^arlol hiMavlf,
logtiyf wilh Ahaiiab, the ling of J< rlitalitini
formal we taiil lirfure, he waa there lo >refliuw
-lim did, after he had been wounded, a« liC
ia rilalion. So he went out to meet Jehu, WhtT-
morxhed alowly.t and in rood ordtr; and when
Joriiiii nikt him in the (jeld ciff^almlh, he n»ke<l
him if all (hiii|(a were well in (he eainp't bulJrhu
reproached bim biderly, and v»n(ured (u rail
hia mudiiir a wi(i:h and « harlot. Upon thia the
king, flaring what hu intended, and aua(i*ctinc;
ho had no good meaning, turned hit rharlulaliout
ataoonualic could, and aaid lb Ahaiiuh, " We
are fought againat by deceit and Iriathiiy :" bul
Jehu drew hia bow, and amole him, (lie arrow
going Ihnlugh hit heart; ao Jiiram fell down
iiiiiiiediHtely on hia kiiee, and gave up the ghqat.
Jeliu alto gave ordera to llidkar, the captain of
the third par( of bia army, (o Ciit( (he dead body
of Jiiram into (he field of Aalioth, putting liiAi
in iniiid of Ijie prophecy which Klijuh prupbpkied
lo Ahub Ilia falher, when he had alain ^»l)uth,
lliHt both he and hia I'liMiily ahould iwriah in that
place, for tliat a» they aal bcliind Aliab'a cliariul,
they heard; the prophet a»y ao, and thai it wbh
now come to paaa according' to hia prophecy.
Upon the fall of Joram, Aliuziah waa afraid of '
hit own life, and turned hia chariot into nnolher
road, tuniioaing be ahould not be aeen by Jehu;
bu( lie lullowed after bim.'diid overtook him at
a certain acclivity, and drew hia bow and wound-
ed him, ao he left hit chariot, and got upon bia
horae, and lied from Jehu lo Megiddo,and though
he waa under cure, in a little time he died of that
wound, and was carried lo Jeiuaaleni, nnd liu-
ried there, alter he had reigned oiieyiiir, uud
had proved a wicked iniin, and worae than hi*
father.
Now when Jehu ayaa come to Jetrcel, Jeie-
i~'l\~":/ "«" '"•'•", "iwv ciiy 01 Jeireei, 4. JNow when Jehu ay «'
ofTlT. a ^^i'"l'*r?'*''i ''?'^""'•.''^";''' ,•''■"''"« I >»'■" »<'"f'"»l Hera, if, and alood upon a tower
of Ram^ih iri?"'' '" ^" ""•;■"«''" ">!; « -B- Hi'il -ui'l. "lie Wna a'fine aervant tU 1 'd kiTled
of Rainoth. 1. h„„n, „i .m...^„k j,,, ,„,,„^^ „ ^„j ,^,, , , «""^'^
of Rainoth. It hnppeneil also tliat Ahu^, king
of Jeruaalem, wat now come to Jonim, for he
WBi hia ainter's son, at wo have said jtlicudy, to
•ee how he did after hia wound, and thia upon
accQuntof Iheir kindred; liiil na Jihtfwab dlsi-
. rout to full upon Joram and lho>eJiih him on
the tudden, ho dcaired (hut none affile soldiera
might rim away nnd (ell (o Joqiiii 0int had hab-
pencd, for that thia would be #k.&v'iilen( dcinoii-
atration of their kindnesa to hihi, iSid would show
that -'--'- • • ■• •
3. So Ihey were pleased with what he did, and I
guarded the roads, lest aomebudy should private- 1
ly tell the thing to tliqac! that were at Jezieel.
Now Jehu took his choice, horsemen, and sat i
aiked who she was, nnd coiiimnnded her to come
down to him. At lust he ordered |h« eunuchs to
throw her down from (lie tower, and being thrown
down, the sorinkled the wall with her blood,
and was trodden upon by'lhc horses, uud sodied.
Whi'iithis was done, Jeliu came lo (he pnlac«'
wi(h hia friends, and (ook tome refrcshiiieii( al-
ter liisjournry, bolli with olli.r things, and by
ii..VVL • -•■ r— ,-—•'."•"■■""• ■■""""I"" •now. eating u ineal. llo also bade his aervano lo
that their real ineliual.ons were to make hin<i*ake up Jeiebel and bury her, bic»n.e"(' the
iinbdilyof her blood, for she was descended from
king^; but those lliut were appointed to bury
Iter found nothing else remaining bul (he ex-
treme par(8 of her body, for all the rest were
eaten by dogs. When Jelm heard this, he iid-
imred_ the piophecy of Klijah, fur he foretold
(h«( she ahouUI perish in thia maiiuer at Jezrecl.
5. iS'ow Ahab had seventy sons brought upjn
S.wiaria, So Jehu seiit two epistles, the one to
them that brought up the ihildrtii, the olli«r lo
the rulers of Samariii, which said that "they
should set up the most valiant of Ahab's »onV
for king, for (hat they had abundance ofcha-
--.... .«v- —<j wiuii^v. iiuiBeiiieii, aiiu sai
upon his chariot, nnd went on far Jezrcel; nnd
when he was come nefcr, the watchman whom
Joram had set there lo spy out such as came to
the city, saw Jehu marching on, ond tohl Joram
that he saw a troop of horsemen marching on.
Upon which he immediately gave orders, that
oae of his horsemen ihould be sent out to meet
>Sn-hJi!'ll'°i'"""'"'''°''"'""'"}r'.'^"'"'"e- for king, for that they had abundance ofcha-
Sp when the horseman came up to Jeliu, he asked riots, and horses, and armor, and a creat arn.v
him, in what covdition the army wusj for (hat the and f. nced\^ties and that by so doin^Zy migJ;
*Bp«nheim here noim, that- this putting off men's
gann«nM,and itrewinglliem under a kinc, wasaneaa-
t«rn euitoin which he had elsewhere explniiied.
•iJV!."?'P'f*">''"'»'"''»"<''''*'neofllicrhariol8wn»
Uke ihedrMnt of Jehu llic »on of N imshi; for he drivetli
fliri«iily," 2 Klhga ii. 20; whereas Joseplius's cony n»
M ondetMood it, wa* this, ihat, on the contrary, Jehu
matched slowly, and in Koml order. Norrnnitbedehied
that aiiire there waa interval enouKli for king Joram to
send out two Ijorsemeu, one after another, to Jcl.u, and
at length logo out withkinv Almuiah to meet him, and
all this aOer lie ivuB come within silrlilot'thewalcliniaii,
and licfore he wna come to Jezrecl, the probability is
greatly on the tide of Joaephua'g copy or interprelation
t
«•'
nooK ix.-ciur. vii.
loiv
, ^.
iry »V i..«.nli..n. of tlm.i' of Sim""!.!.. Now
wLn 111. tuWu. mi.l tli...f llHit li*l brmiKlit >ip
ll,„ .li.l.lr.i.. h«'l r..,a 111.- I.llrr. III.) «"'•
nhl. 1,1 ..pm.«. him, un.l ih.il l.j. h>.(l «lr...l.ly .uh-
thi.«n.«".tbi.rMhry»wm.l hu.1 f .r IhrirlorH.
■ixl woul.l <lo wh«t«..«(.r lir l.i.1.' th. m. i- . Po
hi wn>ti> Hue k lo thuni »m\\ "reply ii» »njoiiiid
IhriM t.. .il«< y what hfl RnTirnraff fi»>S awl ('J «•»«
olTthr Ih ml. "I A hub'. ....1..1111 1 ..ml 1I.1 1.1 itilm »•
AccoKlinirly, thi>MliT«i.iiit fuplliow thml)r»uKhl
up th« .oni. of Ahi.h, >m.I . .iti.iu.na, .1 tliru. I..
■Uv th«ni, 10 ( Ul off tlifir lie i.li. "H" »<■»<• '"• "•
'ujJ.hu; So Ih.y did whoUofver ll.«y w»r«
coiimiMiiiled. willioul OiniUiiijt iiiiy IhinB »t *11.
•nd DHl IhKiii 1111 in wirlter hmki^H, una iinl
IhniiloMml. 'Amlwh.HJ«li.i. 1.. ir w«. «t
lupiwr with hn frirnd«, wiit iiif.riii.il lliHl ll..|
hrn'l* ..I Al«' •« noil" w»r« lirouRlll. Ii« opI.t. .1.
dirm trt innkc IWo litnpi of tlii-ni, one t).t..rr
♦Bcliofth.! (rulfn. tind in ihf iiinniinii; li* «< "»
out l» t«kr » vl.w of tli.1.1. and vyli,.ii lie »»«
thMii, he I.. ;,'9n to ii»y to th.^ luonl.' tliiit w.rr
nreient.thiif'lie did liini.olf ,.i;.Vr ail .xpidi-
fion ..Bnin»t lii» iiia«t'T rJofiun,] nml *W» limi.
but that it wiin not h.i llmt ulrw i.ll tli.-.;: and
he dtMrcd lli.ni to take nolics tl.iit in V>
Ahali'i. f.imily. "H l''inK» had »ome to i.i.»s a.:-
cortliiiltto clod'* ptoidirrj, and hi« li'«u'<« wii«
p«ri.l..'d. ar.ordiiiR a. Klijuh hi.d f.-t. told. And
Sdiiii hi had lurlh.r dcntroyd .ill the kindml
of AImb that «<iv lyiind in J.-in.l, h.' w.ntto
, Samnria; un.l a. ho wa» upon the nmd, h.: iii.|
thK nUlioiw of Ahi»ii«h kiiiR ol J. iii»al. m, i.ml
n>ili.'d them, whithir thty wvtf p,\i%! thty ..:-
ulir I Ihnt th( v ciuiie to unluie Jorain, loi'l t ;.'ir
uwn kiiiK Ahi.'iKh; for tliiy km w not Ihi.l h.'
had iliiiu Ih. Ill l.olh! w J.hii p>\f onlni" Hint
th..v lilioidil ."till lh<»e. iin.1 kill th.iu, h" inR in
nuiiiber forlV two pcrfoii".
6 Afur tli.ix'.tli.rc out Jiiili a gnoil iiiid h
richlooin 11)101, tthow nun.' \vn. Jthoiinrliil. mi.l
wtio i.ml I.. . n hih fii.nd of M- H'' «•'"";' J' ''U,
■nd brismilo ininiiicn.l hun, b; .ii.i'^.; ''! h"''
done.v.iy ihii.B acoLliilg J" the ""'I" *";-l-
In cxtirp.tinK the house ol Ahub. So Jehu de-
iired Vini to eo.ij. up into h\» .•hnt-iol,_^5nd <>
inake his entry «ith hiin into SRiiiHria: rtrtil toin
him. that "Jle would not ••pare ..ne wicke.l 111:111.
but would punish the faUe pronhets, and fldse
prints ami those that d.ceived the ni.dtitml.
iliflerrnt rpliiion In mil »mpn» llif ir Mcrwl .'*•
CM. And wlun the* mi. I that Iherr <**• i.t
•trancir Iher. . aiid"lhiy were be|^iiinin|[ their
«rri'r»«. he ».l f.nir«riire nun without, ln«y
beinc "iieh of lii« »idilier« in he knew |o lie inotl
raUhful lo him. aiuf bade lh< m nh.y lh« proph-
rli. and now vindlrate the la«< of their r.iunlrr. •
whii'h hii.l been n loiic time in di.eali cni' He
■liu Ihrmlened. that if any one of Iheiii e«riii)ed.
Iheir owii liv* "Koul.l (fo for them. So they ■
iltiw thiin »ll with the nworil, aii.l burnt the
ho|i»e of Haal 1 and by th»t lueani pureed Sama^
ria nf foreinn eu»loni». rhlolBtrom womhlp J
N.iw thi« Haal wa« the fij.l of the T^rrian.; and
Ahab, in .iriler to Rratify hi« father-in-law, Kill-
baal. *vho w«» the kin|; .jfTyre and Si.lon. built
» leni|il» f.ir hiin in Samnria. add appoinle.l hini
'l „i...i.. »...1 u...,...I,V..i».iJ Kin. with all lUirU nl
a ieiii|..i' lor I lit '«.,,•<>•-. J I i,
pKiph. t«, niid wor»hippi il him with all «orU ol
worahip, allliounh, when thU Kod w«a i|emoli»h-
ed, J.diii periii.tlled the UriieUtei to woirfilp the
I I :. i...:r. .-* II. .»*««» Umrmttrntt hi. bnil dnlln
Kolileii he'ifirn! However, beeauae he .hail done
thus and.tuk.n rare to punish the wicked. (iwj
1 I .. I.:- 1.^. ikn* li'aa aoHa •tll.llill
,D.I pe.wiaded them to leave the worship ol (.o.l
Almighty, and to n.rship f.-rei^n pod.; and tl.a
it wai« most eiclLnt and aiiiost plese-ant nuhl
to a Kood nn.1 righHoun man to «. c. the "ilK.iI
punishe<l." So Jehonadab was pu.jiia.o.l by
these aeeuimnts, and came U|> into Jehu a clm-
riol, an.r came to S«miiji«. And Jthu •■.U';lil
out fur all Ahab's kiii.lred. and slew them. Aii.l
being deslroun that none of the fvil.-e prupheis,
nor the priests of ^Jfcb'i. god. might wane pirn-
ishiiunl, he eaiight them (le<»llfdny liy ll.is
witas for be gaihered nil the people togethir.
and »aid, that '; he would worship twice m 111am
rods as JVhnb worshipped, and, desired that his
priests, and prophets, and ser.vauts iiiijihlbe pre-
icnt, because he wouhl offer costly and great sa-
trifices to Ahab's god, and that if. any, of his
priests were wanting, they should be punished
with death." Now Ahab's god was called IJaal.
And when he hod apjHiinted a. day on which he
wouU oiler those saciiticcs, he sent messengers
through all thi; country of the Israelites, that
they might bring the priests, of Banl to hiin. So
Jehu coiumanded to give all the priests vest-
ments; und when they had received them, he
went into the house [of Baal.] with his friend
Jehunadab. and gave-orders to make search
whether there were not any foreigner or stran-
ger among them, for be would have no one of a
#•■
^,,,, .^ . ., till iw !»«•. ■•<•.■ ....■ .- • --. - .
loietold by his prophet, that his sons ihould
irign over Isrn. 1 f,«r four generations: and in
(his condition was Jehu at this time.
CHAr, VII.
flimAthnliah rrifntd ovtr JfnuaUmfiir Hat
\(ri.r] Ytari, vhtn JthniaJa, Ihi IHk^ rrittl,
iUwhtr.and nuidt Jt li oalh .the Son of A hmiah ,
King.
tl.NoW. when Athalinh. the daughter of .
Abab, hearil of the death of her brother Jornm, '
and of her son Ahniiah, and of the royal family,
she rhdeavon il that none of Ihe house of Daviil
! might be lell alive, but that the wlml* family
1 inigtit be eXIepiiiinnled, that no king might arise
,.ut of it afterward; iiml, as she ihoughl. she
Llmd actually <h>lie it; but one of Ahfuiuli's sons
rlvas pi.serv.'d, who e^eapod death after the man-'
I n. r Adlowiiip,! Ahuxiah had a »i«tir by the saiiio
I failier. uliosc nanie was Jehosheba, und she wai
I marrii d to tlie high priest, Jeboiada. Sb<' went
into III.' kiiif;'" pi'ln''*'. and found J.hoiish, for
that was the lillle child's mime, who was not
above a V'ar(iid, among those .that were slaili.
' bat C(ini-"enled with his nurse; so she took him
' with hir into :i secret liedchaiiiber, and Shut him
lip tilt re, and she nml her bu^band, Jelnjiada,
l.roiiLlit hiiii up privately in the temfile sil,
I years, ('.nriii,' Hlii.h time Athaliuh rctgacd over
I J^iMisaU^ii. and the two tribes. ,. . ,
' 2. Now, on thi- seventh jiear, Jehoiada coni-
niuiiii'ntnl the matter to certain of the captain*
ot'bundre.ls, five in number, ami persuaded (hem
to be lissislnife to what attempts' he wa« making
iiEidi'st A'tharmh, and to join with him .n aSsert-
iiV- t!..- kingdom to the child. He also received
iuicb dBths from thcni as arc proper to secure
tho»e thjt assist one another trom the fear of
1 discovery; and he was then of rood hope that
' tiiey should ilepose Athaliah. Now, thore meii
whom Jeboiada, the priest, had token to be hia
parlii.rs, vyent into nil the country, and gathered
' ti.rether the priests and the Levitei, and the
h."ads of the tribes out of it, and caine and
brought them to Jerusalem, to the high priest.
So he demanded the security of an oalh Of them,
to keep pri.fate whatsoever he ihould discover
to theln, which required both their lilence and
; their assistance. So when they bad taken the
• oath, and had thereby iiiade it safe for liim to
speak, he produced th. child that he had brought .
up of the family of IJavid, and »aid to Iheni,
"this is vour ting, of that house which you
know Go'd hath foretold shoold reigB over you
I for all time to come: I exhort von, therefore,
thiit one-thinl part of you guard him in Ihe tem
I pie. and that a fourth keep watch at all the
, gotes of the teiuplc.and that the next part at
' you keep guard at the gate which opeui awl
t
v:>i«HL-
I !'
u
IM
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWH
iMilt to lh« liriK*! palara, iml |«t lh« relief lb*
multiluiU b* uii*nii«il in Iha IcmpU, ■ml Irt nu
■n««(l rxTinn git into tlix (»iii|ilr liul lh« print
onljr. Il« *iu>if»ni Ihfni lliti onlrrbciiilct, thai
• |Hirt of Ihr priraK anil th* l^vilm •koiilil b«
•Milt Iha kinK hiiuulC, and b« a ruanl to hiiii,
with their drawn twuriU, and to aill thai man
imniMlialaly, whoavrr ha b«, thai thould be an
bold aa to rntar anned Into lhal«rti|il*i and bade
ihrni hn afraid of nohiidjr, hut p«n«verr in guard-
ing the king," So tbcM inon olwynl what the
hi)(h prical advited him to, and declared Iha
ranlity of Ihcir raaolulioB by their action*. J»-
hoiada alio opened that armory which David
had niwle in the trniptr, and diatribuled lo the
raptaina of hundred*, aa alio lo |he p-iri|a and
Lrvitva, all the ipcara and quiven, and what
kind of weapon* aocver il contained, and i«t
Ihrni anned in ■ circia mund. about the temple,
•0 ai lo touch one anollier't' handi, and by that
meant eicluding thoae from rntrrinr Ihnt oUKht
not to enlrr. So Ihey bruuKht Iht- child into the
niidlt of Ihrni, and put on him the royal rrown,
and Jehoiada anointed him with th« oil, and
made him king; and Iha niullitude rejoiced, and
made a noiie, and cried "Cio<l law IM kinr!"
, 3. When Athnliah unriprrtiully heard the
. 'tumult and llw aiTlnmatiniiii, ihi' wai greatly
- diiturbcd in hrr mind, nnd auddt'oly iaiued out
of the royal palace with her own army sand when
•h« wat come lo the temple, the print received
her, but at for Ihom? that ilood round about the
temple, aa thry ivero ordered by the high print
to do, Ibry hindertd the iiniied men Ihnt follow-
. cd her from going in. Hut when Allinlinh aaw
Iha child ilHndjng upon a pillar, witb the royal
crown u|ion hi* h«ad, the r»nl her* clolhea, and
cried QUI Vrhi'nicntlv. and commandeil [her*
guanli] lo kill him that had laid anarca for her,
and entlravorrd to deprive her of tht^ govern-
ment: but Jchuifida called for the cnplainaof
huKdrcdt, and comniaudcd them to bring Alha-
liah lo the valley of Cedron, aud alay hrr there,
for he would not have the temple (lefdod with
the puulahment of Ihia pernicioua woman; and
he gave order, that if any one CHmt; near to h< Ip
her, he thould be alain alao ; wherefore thoaclhal'
had the charge of her alaoghfer, took hold t^f
her, and led her lo Iha gale of the bing'a niulei,
and ilew her tberr.
4. No«T at toon at what concerned Athaliah
wat by thit ttratagem, after thit manner de-
Ipatrhed, Jchoiada called together Ihe people
■nd the armed men into tlie temple, aii'l made
them take an oath that they would be obedient
to the king, and liiku care of hit lafcly, and of
the tafetv of hi« government; after which he
obliged the king to civeiecurily [upon oath] thai
he would worship (lod, and not tntnxireat the
lawt of iVIoaer. I'hev then ran to the houio of
BanI, Which AthnlinFi nnd her huab:md jrhoram
had built, to the dishonor of the Ood of their
falhe<^, and to'the honor of Ahab, and demo-
liihod it, and tlew Matnn, tliat had hit prieat-
hood. But Jchuiad'.tintrutled the care and cut-
tody of l|it^ teuipiti lo the prieAli and Ijcvitnt, ac-
cording lo the uphointinrnt of king David, and
enjoined them lo bring their regular burn(-<in).'r-
ingt twice n day, nnd lo offer inrenie according
to the law. He alto ordained iiomi> of the L«-
▼Itei, with the portera, to be a gunrd lathe tem-
ple, that no one that wat defiled might come
there.
5. And when Jehoiada had ael thcte tbingt in
ordnr, he, with the captntne of hnn<!re(>i,and th«
rulen, and nil the people, took Jehoaah out of
the temnlc into thi! king's nidace, and when he
bad tel h>m upon the kmg a throne, llie people
ahouted for joy, nnd Imtook tlii'mselvee to feart-
in|;, nnd kept. a fcHtival for many dnvt; but the
cilv wat quiet upon the death of Athaliah. Now
Jenoath wji seven years old when he took (be
kingdom: his mothrr'i name was Zibiah, of lh«
cltii lleerahrba. And all the time Jihoiada lived.
Jchoath WH* rarrfulthat the lawt thouhl b« kaui
anil very tealiiut in the Worahip of (]o<l; M
when ha wat of agr, he married two wivea, who
were given to him by the high priral, by whom
ware born In him bolh tuna ainl dnughlera. And
thus much shall tnlBce to have related Cunrrrn
iiif king Jrhoath. how he eacajied the Ireachari
of Athaliah, and how be received the kingdom.
CIIAI'. VIII.
Hmtail makti ait Kxptdition aguinti Iht PtomU
<^/»ra«/, — ^ "- • ' '■ ' - ■
Jthu diti,
I armiiut Ms
hrail, and Ihi Inhabitmnh nf Jininlim.
atfd JthiHttai iiictitiU in Iht Utt-
vtritmtnl. JthutH, th§ Kinf nf Jtnmlim, at
Jirit U cartful ahnvl Iht H'orthif of Uod, hnt
aftirward tieomts {fn^niis, and commandt
Xnchnriah lobt ilontd. Whtn Jthoaik [ King
dtad, Jtmatiah tuccudt Aim ^t
o/°./ui/nA{ U'afi
Ma Kingdom.
J I. Now llaiael, king of Syria, fought against
the laraelilet and their Jiiag Jehu, and tiioiled
the eaitern partt of the country beyond Jordan,
which belonged lo Iha Reub< nitet and (iadiletv '
and to [the half tribe of] Manuaallea; aa also
(iilend and Haahan, burning and spoiling, and
oAeriiig vinlenie to all thul he luid hit handi '
on; and this without imncarhmrnt from Jeho,
who made no haste to defend tliii country when
il wat under this diatress: nay, he was become
si contennur of religion, and a drapiter of holi-
ness; and of the liiwa; i)nd died when he had
reigned over the Israelites Iwi-ntv-aevrn years,
lie was buried in Samafia; and 'left Jehuahai;
hit son, his successor in the government.
2. Now Jehoaah, king of JuruaHlrm, had an In-
clinalion to n'lmir the teiiijde nf (ind; so hr
called Jehoindn, nnd bade hiin ien<l the [.evilea
and prjiatt through all the fountrv, to rfquir* '
half nJhekel of silver lor every heacf, towarda the
nhutlding and repairing of the tciiiplc, which
was brought lo decay by J.lioruni, ajid Athaliah.
and her aona. lint ttiii high prir«l ilid not do
thia, lit concluding lliat no ono wotild willingly
pny that money; but on the livenly-lhird year
of Jchonah't reign, when thfi king tent for him
nnd the Levitei, and complained that they had
not obeyed what he enjoined iheiu, and still com-
manded them lo take care of the rebuilding the
temple, he used this slralagcm for rollccting the '
money,, with which iho inultilude wiis pleased.
He made a wooden chest, anil closed it up /ast.
on all siiU'*, but opened one hole {nit: he thea '
set it in the temple beaide life iiKar, and desired
every one to cast into il, llirough Iho hole, what
he pleated, for the ri;pnir of the tcinpte. This'
contrivance Wat acceptable to the people, and
they strove one with onother, and brought in
jointly large quantities of silver and gold: and •
when the »(•'■»>« and the priest that were over the .
tredturiet had einptitd the c'hett, and counted
the money in the king'i preaence, they then tct
it in its former place, and thus did they everr
day. ItuI when the multitude appeared to have
cast in as much n«^was wanted, the high priest
Jehoiada, and king*JehoHsh, tent to hire nmtoni
and cnriienters, and |p buy largo pieces of tim-
ber, and of the mottCMU[ui(orr; and when they
the tempp[; they made use, of the
had repaired ______
remaining gold and silver, which was Abfa Ultie'
for bowls, and basons, and cups, andothei- Vet
sels, and they went on to make the altsir eveir
dn^ fnt with sacriljces of great value. A*|( these
things were taken suitable care of, as long at Je
hoiada lived. ^^
3. hnt OS soon as he was dead, whicb.'wA'
when he had lived one hundred andlbirly ye»r^'
ha\ing been a righteous, and in every respect *
very good mtin, he was buried in the king's se-
pulchre at Jerusalem, (because he bad recorerea
BOOK IX.-aiAP. VIII.
107
i*f^
«|m kiagdoffl to Iha ImAif af Dii«i<l,| kiiiK 1»- i th« |irnph«rir of F.IUht, i>h*n h« rni>^o|H that
koaih hfllniyril ki> [<*•"! of] rini iilmul <io<i. IIiukpI ihoiild liill hia nmtlar, anil niKiAoirrrlh*
Th« iirin<'i|»linrn of th« |it>ii|ilii wrrr riirrti|iU<1 I Hyrlant anil Onmiiwrnra. Ilitl nirliro JoKoahai
alwt ioKclhxr with hliii. anri iilfrnilpil KK'oo't
<kair diHjr.amI wkal (h«ir coatlilHlion drtannin-
ad to ba nioit for thair f;iim\. llrri'U|M>n OihI
wai (liipUaMiil with lh« ibaa^r lint w«a iiiaila
oil thn kl*K, awl <iii tlii! rr%t uritir fioiiilr; aiitl
taat |irophrl< to tcttify to Ihriii what tnrlr »r.-
tionf wara, and to brine thriii to Iravc olf Ihrir
wickritnau: but thay bad Kxllin •iirh a ulruoK
aflacliiin and lo viotaiit »n iiK'linminn to it, thai
naitlicr v'oul'l tha riaiii|ii»« of lliiinc that had of-
farad affniala tu Iha lawi, anil had hrrn (o •«■
aarvly iinniahril, thry and thrir rntiro faiiiilici,
nor couM ihrftiarof ithntthr prophrU now fiim-
told, brinit thciii lo mpcntanca, and turn tbrni
back from their courta of tranifcn wion lo thaIr
fomrr duly. Hut thn kiiiK^ cniiiniamliMl that
Zachariah, thn non of thr' liiKh iiriot Jrhoiaila,
•hould be ttimi^d lo ilrath in Inr ti'iiiptr. ami
forrot the kindnmet h« had rrrrivrd from hi*
fatki'r; iur when tiod had appointrd liiin In pro-
phety, hritoiHl in thi' niiiitt of Ihf ilnilliluilr and
nvc tl'in ciiiiwiri to Ihriii aud to the king, (hat
tney ihoulil act riKlileouily, aiMl I'ori'InId tu Ihrni, I ditraur, llii' kiiiK of lnr.irj ninip lo vliit him;
(hat if thiy wouM not bcarkm to hit ailiiiuni- and whni hi- found hiui vitv nfitr ilrnlh, h<< ba-
tioni, thry •houl'l lulTtT a heavy piiiiitliiiunl: van to weep in bin <iKtil. und Innirnl, to rail him
but aaiC^arhariah wit* ri'aily to ilii', he aiipral- hi> fitlii r, and hi* Hi'n|Hin), lirraiite it wat by
•d to Uud, will wilnria of what lir •iinrrril, I hi* niinnn that h« nivrr niiiilr uie of hia wia-
for the f(no<l cnuiiirl he had ((ivrn thi'in, nml J noiia niiuinat hin i nriiiira, but that ha oterraniar
haw he ■vriihiid iiftir a moat' irvem ami violent hia otvn adverannrt by hia prophvriea, without
mannt'r Iur Iho good ilecda Ilia fatlivr hud di>ni> lu 'Ai(litiii|;; 'ami Oril he waa now driiartiniij; iMa
Jahoaah. lif^-, niiil liavInK '>■*'■ "> ">'' !^yriana, that w>'ra
4. Howpver, it waa not lon^; before the kiuf^ alreH'Iy Hnned, nnil to othrr rnimii a of hii that
rafferi'd pnuiahini'nt for hia traim^rpaaioii: iVir | wire uni'iir Ihrir |iowrri ao he •ai<f it Waa not
arbrn HhikiI, king of Syrlit, ninile an irruption, i a >fe for liiiii lo live ilny loii|(pr, but thai it would
waa under aiirh iinntiiiilliblp iniaeriia. he had rf •
Ciiuraa to priiyerand aumiliralion totjiid, and b««'
BHiifht him lo drlivertiiHi out of the handa of
Itai.iil, amt nut orrrlmik him, and ^ive hini up
into hia liiinda. Ai<'orilin|ily, liml arrrplfd of
hia repi'iilanrr inaleiid nf virlm-, and hriiiK deai-
rnua ralher to adnioniah thoaa thai nj»h| mptut, .
(Illil not to driariiiinc that they ahouhriie utterly
d'ralriiypil, he rmnlid hint ilrlivcranre from war
ami dnngira. So the rountry. batiiiK uiiiaiiK'd
Srare.ri turned again to iti furmrrromlilion, and
oiiriahed >•< bpfiire.
6. Now, after Ihe death of !ahoaha», hii artn
Joavh took (he kinirdom, in in* thirty aevrnlli
year of Jehoaah, the kliiK of Iha trilie of Judnh,
rhia Joaah thru took the kin|(iloiii of l«rnp| in
Hamarfa, for h« had theaanir name wilh Ihe king
of Jeruiali'in, and he retained Ihe kincdoin aix-
teen ^aara. Ha waa a koimI man, and iii hi* dii-
poaition not at all like niafalhrr* Now at ihia
lime it wa^, that when Kliiha the prunhrt, who
waa xlrvady very old, and wiia now fiillrn into ■
into bia couutry, and when lie hiid overlliro'-'n
Oath, and ipoiled it, he iiia<|e nn eipcliiiim
Xinat Jrruaalini ; upon which Jehi,i4«h w!<a
lid and einjitird nil tifd trenanrea of (lit, and
of the kinf(a Qteforc him,'] nnd to.ik duwn the
gifta that kad been dr licated, pn the lempli'.l
and aeiit theu to th« king of Syriu, nud procurei)
•o much by lhem,'t^at he waa not be<iicp.'il, nor
hli kinriluiu quite rndanKcred, but lluiiel wna
indueeoby (he frrratn<:aa of the lum of money
not to briiif( hit army .a^ainat Jeruanli iii - yet Jr-
hoaAh fell into a levere ilistcniper, and wniCai't
upon bv hia frienda, in ordel' to re<'L'n|(elhcd<nth llinn tliiee, Ihiit Ihoii nmynt rrrovrr
ol Zacliarinh the ion of Jehojadn. Thefe laid try which tliey rut olf from lhykih|i
anarea for (lu) king, and hlnw him. ll« wat In- reign of 'thy rillier.
deed burir.l in Jeruiulem, but not in the royid
tepulrbrek of his forefnthera, brrituae of hia iiu-
Eiety. He lived forty-teven vciirii, and Aiiiatiah
if ion aUCrccded him in the UnKilimi.
6. Ill (!ie ouc-oml-(wentielh yinr of the reitn
of Jeho nil, Jehoahai, the lun uf >l<hn, took the
Mvernment of the laraelltea in S.iiiiHrin, nnd
bejd it •e\cntren years, lie did not [^,ir<iperly] I indeeil nn it wni lit a pi;raon m beloved ^f
he wi II fur hiin lo haitrn In hia < nil, and ilejiarf
out orih'u< lire Milh him. Aa the k<pg waa thu*
briiio>ioini|r liiiii'O If, F.liaha romforted him, and'
hade the tinx iund a bow that waa lirought him,
and w'len the kiiir had Ailed the bow for •hoot-
ing, Kliibii took hold of bla hnnili anil bade hJm
ahoot' HUil when hi; had ahot ifirre arrowa, and
then lell nil, Kllihti aiid, •• If thnu hnitat ahot
mine nrrow*. thou hndat rut the kingdom of
Syri'i ui) by the roota, but ainre Ihou hiiat been
aaiiiliiil uith nhootlnK three tliiieii only, thou
■halt lii;ht iiitd bent the SvTiuna no more tinira
that roll n-
thy klh|(dom in the
, So when the king hnd
lieanl ihiit, |ir liipnrted, nnd a lillle while alter,
Ihe prophet died. Me waa a nran relebmted fur
rigliteiMiiinot.'i; and in eminent fuvor wilh fiod.
He nl'o |)rrfornied wonderful and anrprialng
workt by prophery, and suCh ai were glorionaly
preaerveil in m< mory among the Hebrewa. He
also obtriined n inagiiificent funcrni, auch a one
:...i..^..l ».. :, ....... Tit . _.... .... i.„i. —i ^r
imitntn bia father, but waH (cuilty i>r a« wicked
pr»rtici:| aa tlioae that lint hnd (! >d iiir<)H(('in|it:
but the king uf Syria hrouKbt him l«w, nnd by
■n expcditiub ugalnat him di i lo greatly rrdnre
hii forre^ that there remained no more of lo
grent an army than (en thouiaiid nroieri men,
and fifty hunemen. He alao took away from
bim hit greiit ritiei, and many of them alio, und
deal royeu hia army. And thea'' were the thing!
that the people of (imri lutTere.l, according to
ai'lilirhancier of Joaah, Hieinnof Jchaahaz,tliit
"he wiiin !:ooil man,ttni! In libi diipnaitlon nol nt all
Mkr Ilia full er, n'eiiw a direct ronl'mlli llm lo our or-
dinary r«|i<ee, wlijrli ray, 'i Kiniia xiii. I1,tlial "he did
avil lnll^Raiililort)ipI>ar'l and he dupnrted not froiu
•It.ihe aiimof jTolnnni, 'tieaon of Nelmt, w^o made
larael to ain. I'e walked tlierein." W; Irh roplea are
. here the trur,ai, It la Imrd pohhively lo deteimlie. If
Jaaeii^'im'H Iw true, tlil* .lona': la llie single Inalam-eof
a »o6i1 Mnt: overll ulen Iriliea: '■' H.e other he Iriie.wa
ba.vanot.o>ieaii<-tieiininple. TlK-fiironntliial fo'lbwa,
in alli'0|ilea, of Kliili.i t)te prophc'i rnnreni for blin.
•nd Ui eonccm flir Kllalia, greatly favoriJoaephua'a {'cording to Joaephua,
(ibU ibould have. It utao hnpprne'l, that at that
time cert lin I'obliera cn<t n innn whimi they had
ilnininio Kliaha'a gruve, und upon hia dend body
cumiug (;lo«e tu I'liAlia'sliudy, it revived op^nin,
An.l tliuafar have we enlarged about the actiona
of K.lialm the prophet, both .auch a\ he did while
he »Hi ulivc, and bow he bad a divine pow«r
aftiT hii death nlnn.
7. Now iijion the death of Hnznel, the king
of Syria, that kingdom came to Adad hit lou,
copies, and Kuppoaex thia kini to have been thev a good
man, und no Idolater, WUI> whpm Rod'a prop'ieli uMd
hoi lube KO fuinllinr. Irjion the wlio'e, aliire ii an
penra,ovvnhv JnM-plme'aown arrounl, Hat Aiiiar.iali,
Ilia rood kliiit oi' ludah, wlillr he wiia a cood kini-, waa
(brMd.Hi lo make iiae of the 1l<l,Wlil nuiinnriif ha
had hlied of iIiih Juaali, Ihe kiiit: of larnel, aa if he and
t' ey were.ihcn i lulntera,?C'hroni rxv.4— R, It la moat
likely that thrae dllferanl rliara'tera of Jonal' auiiad .
thoililftrent paria of liiareim, und tluiLarording t*
our rommon f-oplea,: t'c wiia hi Aral n wii*ked kirt|!;aiid
anirwardwaa rerlaimed, and became a |aod one, W
S
i«e
ANTtQUITlEa or TIIK JRWH.
li
i
wltk whom liit'h kinl of Un»\ nnd* wir, (wi i tiir ihd lh«jr bml hMa runi'd In J*rii«alrm, l«
whoa' li« teal b. all II him In ihtrm b«lll»>, h«
liiok fi'iiiii hull ill ihitt I'liiinirjr, niiiI all tliu" ri-
klM and «iI(mk''* whirh hi> fallii r llHlarl iHid
laliiiit Irmii lli« liiii|('l<>iit ul Urucl, wiiuh rania
In |i*M, h<ii««.tiTi ar<o^..liii| III llir |iru|ili«<'jr ul'
k.liilia. Hill whin Jua>h liaupruail tii iIm'. h»
Waa hitriitl Mi Cniiiarla, ami IH* gu««riiiii«iil Ua-
^i««i| <M hl» «uw Jt nHiuaiii.
CHAP. IX.
thw AmaiUh Mni'c an fUyiJilSitn n^fMljhi
KWiimil'l ii/m' . Iniii/r/l id t.mui i <iiii/iii i-ci/ IMiN I
till kIhh /•« of irvnrd mnJt H iir n„-ainfl ./••■
*j/l, A< U'Mf litnlin, ahd mil lung njh r iitai lUiit,
und iJniaU nuiStidtU lit Iki ii^nrnmtnl.
41. Now in ttia irconil tvar u( lh« ratifil of
Juiuh nvrr lara'li Aiiindah mgitail ovar Iha
Iriba ol' Juiliih nl Jaruaataiii. Ilia iinilhi r't iiania
tvua Jchiihatiilttii, 'nrliu mat hoiii nl JituiiiIviii.
Ha waa t «>'*i:illiiul> can I'lil ill lining wlial waa
hKhl, anil ll>i> wTitn lia Hiu vrry yiiuiig; liul
whi n he chiii* In Ilia iiianuKi-iiirnt (ilalluin, ami
lo til* gii«rrniiiviil, ha rciolved lliil iii' <iii|(hl
inl of all III |iviii|j« hit Ulhriv •ll'l>""*''< ■■*'' .**>
Kilnlah ihoau Ilia (rii niU llial had Iniil vDilr'nt
aiiilM ii|iiiii him; tti he atiiml iiimn llii-iii ull,.iiiiil
1111I Ihriii III ilanlii, jrrl il|d ht> vHtX'Ula liii •ivrri-
y iipun lln-ir • luli'raii, but aiird ihrrriii NitMnl-
in^: ti^. till' I'lwa iif Moan, whu did imt lliliik it
inat IM piiiiiili I'hildr*!! Cit Iho lini ii( Hioji- In-
llii'ra. Allir Ihli b« ihiiar him an uiiiiy nut ul
Ihu trihn III Juilah ami Iteiijaiiliil, nl aui'li ii«
' witra in lli> , lliiwvr iif Ihrir avv, and aliuut Iwin
ly yrori nl'l ; niid when ha hud rullii'trd alinnt
llii'i'e Immlrt'd ihuuaand of ll|<'iii li>j(i.lhi r, hr
irt ca|iliiiiia III' humllrila iivrr Ihrni. Il« hI>i>
•ani lu the kin^ of larafi, and hirrd a luimlrril
lliouatiml (if hia iiildidra fur a huiidrrd tHiriila of
•ilviT, f<>r ho hnd rcaolvvdto mnki nn rtiii'ililiiin
Ih* •■III* manner •• any nv nii|{hl hai i' Ukvil
•MiiMi of iIh> tiivmy aliiit and l#il ihrni liiilhrr."
'Una rr|iriiiil |ir<iuik*(l t|><' l>^nc In annn'.and h*
rniiiuiamlnl llir |iriiiilirl ^n hiiTil hia ftritrr, ami
llirraliiifd In ininiali hini if hr middlail WUh hia
rniulurl. So nx ri'pllril, "Thai h* •liniild In-
ilaitll hold hi* (ivarai but fnrrlidd hiIIihI,. Ihal
(ind wiMilil no! ovrrliMih hia *ll*in|>l« for inimfa-
linn," llui Aniiiniah waa mil ant* tn fMilitn
hliiiulf undrr Ilial^iima|i4 rlly whirh <lnil hail
(Urn bun, allhouith iia had aifmiiird (inil lli*(*'
H|Mmi lini In a vnn nf Inaoliiir* h* wrnl* ta
Joaah, lb* king of larnal, and "I'lMHniNndxl lliat
h* and ull hia )Mn|ilr alinnid h^ nlirdirnl In hlin.
ua Ihcy hiid Inhiirrlr inrn nhrillani In hia |im-
rrnitnra, Davnl aun Nnlniunni and h* 1)1 bun
innw, IhnI if hr woulil nnl li* an wiaw aa l>. iln
what h* rmiiinaniird hiiii, h* iiin>l IIkIiI Inr bta
doiiidiinii." 'I'n whirli ml aaa|(i> Jnaab riliii'iiiil
Ihia anaHrvr In wrilinK' "KliiK Jnnab In kill);
Aniaiiah. Thi ri< waa u vaalU lull ryt^ria^lri'*
in iiiniinl I.i'linunn, M nian a lliiallri 'lbr» I ja||r
ai-nt In 111* i-y|)rr«a-liri'. In git* III* M|irra«
troi'a dauxbli'i' hi iii>irriM|t* In Ibr llilalli: • aim,
bill aa llii' Ihialli' Mrna any I UK Ibia, ihi'r* 1 Hiiin a
ivilil li*u«l mid lri>d ilonni lh« Ibiallr: anil Ihii
niav br a Ivarnn In llwn mil In br an iiniliiliniia,
iinil 111 bay* a I'nri', lial) ii|iiin Ihv )fnml »ui.»»a
in- lb* Aubl M|(iiinal Ibi' Aniiilrkili a, lliiiu ici^naxat
an pnMi<l lit III linnK ilaiiKir* M|>nn tli) aih iiml
U|Hiii ll|V kinKilnni." , '/l
J. WWd Aiuiniiili hnd n«d Ihia IiIIit, hr w*«
mure lufcir Ujiiin Ibia oxpritilimi, w lib I aim-
iiuir, wiia by ihi' iiiipiilar of (ind, (but hr mi|;lit
III' puniahi >f for bia nllviii'i' a)(iiiiiil biiii. lint iia
anon aa hr In! mil hi* army HKDJbal Juii»b, uiul
liny ivrrr Knlnx In jnin biilllr Wilh liiin, I'lrr*
riiiiir aiii'li n li'iir Hiid rniKtrrnilinn iiptn Ibr
ariiiv nf Aiilii/iuh^ iia I ■nil', wlirn hr ia ili^pb iiafil.
/'
acainat the nalinntnf tbcAninlikiira, anil r.iluin- I ainiia uiinii nini, und iliMniiifilul llii in, rvrn
ilea, and (Icbalitra: bul^,^* ivua pcrpuriiiK for 1 lirl'nrr tiiry iJiiiir In n ilnar IiIIit. NHw ll Imp-
hia rxiiadition, iinl rtady lo ((o nut In thewur, | p*nril, Ibul iia Ibiy iviTr ariilirrtd hIikuI hj lb*
a jininnal ((nv* him rnuiiarf to ditniiia (lir army 1 Inror lliiit waa iiiinii tbriii, Ainmiiili wiia liD
of the lariirlilrn, lirCKuar ihty *nrt lind turn, 1 nhinr, hiuI iviii laiirn priannir bv III* rnnny.'
ami hc'-ailaelio'l rnnlolil llittt Ii* ahould bit brat- | ivhtn niinii Jniiali. Ibiriitrnrtl lo tHl litin, iiuliaa
'*il, if he made ua* of Ihrin wa uukiliiirirai but 1 hr ivoiilil |irrauHilr Ihe pruple of Jrru>;ili in In
Ihal he ahiilild overcome hia enenii<>«, llioii|;h hr I o|i4'li llulr (mil a m him, nml rrri Ive biiii hiiiI hi*
/ bad but a li w iidiliera, whni ilio pitaard liud. ' Hrmy into ihr rity. Arrordlnirly, Aiiiajin'. «iia
' And whrn lb* kiiiR Krnil;;rd at hia bniini^ hI- to di»lr(K>ri|, iinil in •nib lr;ir ninia lib', Ibiil be
reudy paid lb* hire nf Ihr 'lararlitea, thrproiihet mad* hi* 1 nriiiy lu bn ri'nrivcd inln Ihr rily,
exhnrlMl him to do ivbiil (ind would have him. SuJoiiah ovrrllin-W a par' of Ibr wall, of Ih*
benamw h« •hunld l!i*rrby ulitain luui^h wealth i Iriixtb nf four hundrrd cubili, and drove Itia
from (ioii. So he dinniiaaed Ihrin, and aaid, that j oliHrint thrnii|r'> d"' '"'*'i''^' ■!"° ''| riiarflrni, inid
he >lill frrily ftiivr them (hrir pi>y> und went , led Aniaiiiib laplive iilnnK with bini: li_\ tv'.ii'h
biniarif with Ilia own army, and iiiiule war with nirnna he licrume muatrr of Jairuaitlrin, anil I ok
(he uiiliont bri'orr mi'iitiniied; and when be had { away the Irruaurrt of iiud. and riiirird i.lf iil|
beiilru them in liattir, lie alew of (hem ten Ihou- , (he |;nhl and advi r.tbHl »h> in the kii|i;'a p;,bi<'e,
•and, und tiHik a* niiiny iirmnuira nliv«,whi>m he ituil llilcn fried the kiui; I'mni rupiivily, ni\l re-
l#nu|;ht lothr (l^rr.il rnck whirh it in Arabia, und I (Urnrd lo Sninaria. Now thean (tiiiiKt hnppmed
threw Iheni donii from it bruillnn);. lie ulao I In the jieopb; uf JeruaHlriii in Ihr fwiirliriilh
brought away a prial deal of prti, and vn«( yeur of Ibr rei({n of AuiRiiib, who after ihia
ricbr.«, from thoie nHliona. Itut whil* Aininiinh 1 had a ronapil'HCy made HKuinat biiii by bin fririidi,
wa> eiign|(ed in (hi* expedidun, (liuar Iararli(*a| and llrd (n (be city of l.arbiah, aod wna there
whom he bad hired, und llirn di»uiil«ed. Were j aliiin by the (Sinaiiiralor*, who •cnt iiirn tliillMT
very unenay at It, and Inking their jliaiiiiaaion fur to kill him. So they (ijuk up hia ilend hud^v, und
an alfnSnt, at ■iippoaiuf; that tlii^ would nut have
been none to thrm but out of ronleiupt, (hey fell
upon hia kingdom, and proceeded (n apnil the
country n» far na Hellihnron, and tuok uiucti cat-
tle knn slew three thousand men.
2. Now, upon Ihe vidnnr wbkh Ainaiinh had
" gotlen, and the preal aiU he had done, h* wan
puOrd up, and htigan (o overlook (jod, who hnd
given him (he vicljry, nnd proc.eeikd, to woraliip
tneeoda he had hrouKbl uul of the country uf
(he Aniiilckilea. So a prouhet came In him and
■aid, that "he wondered now he could rileein
tr.**e to be go<U, who hnd been nf no advRntu);*
to their own people, who paid tbriii hunnia;
nor had delivered tiiein from hia hand, but had
Overlonked Ihe dcalriiclion uf iiiaiiy of Ihem. and
bad luflered theiuaelv** (p be carried captive
rnrrird it (0 Jeruaidem, and ninde a rnynl Ann rnl
fur him. Thi* wiia the end of th* lifr of Aiiiu-
tiah, benauae uf hii| ihnovationj in rrliKiun, mid
Ilia runtempt of Goil. when he hiid lived lUty-
fouryeurii. and had ri i^neil Iwcnly-uine. Mr w,\t
•uccecded by hia aun, wlinae name waa IJuinh.
CHAP. X.
ConetrnineJtrolioam, Kin^uflitrafl, an'tjnmh
the troplifl; a>tdhitui,afltr4ht Ikalh of.ltro-
bvam, hitSnn y.iuliiir'ii'i muklht fiorervinenl.
Iluw Uttiah, hinff ufjtrnitltm, tiihiliieJ Iln
JfalionilhttI vtrt rvurulalionl him ;anitielittrlii-
fell him mhcn lit nfltnifliU lo nJJ' r Incenie l»
Hod. 1
ii. In the fiftrenlh year of the nignof Aiiia*
llah Jeroooaiu the auu of Juath reigned over
ROOK ix.~4::iiAr. X.
100
ltn«l iMwl »«i««n» r.ir»» jfft. Th«i kin| «••• I In h« h»«r>l, •ml nraarhml, thU •' i* * »»r) Hill*
■Mlily u( cilHtuiiK'lv ■(MiiM <lii<),* (ivl Im-kiiw Mm* Ihrjr aliiiiiM liiw tHii (liMiiini.>« ot Ktim."
••rv nwknl lnwi>raliii>(<<nf ••* uivita, aiKl in ihuh; Aim) whin hi- hwl iiiililiahfil Ihit, Iik rvlii^Mai
uiiJtri«kin(i ihial mttr nlMMnl ami dirn^n U» ' Now, I liav K*«"< in* ■•"••lunl klhltf* liim u I
WM wUii lliv i'«iia« ul Uii lh»uaitn<l iiiialurlilit«a 1 lovml il «rill< ii I in utir iHHika. |
III III* u*<inl« 11^ larii*!. Nnw .iiir Jniinh, • firu- 1 ^ h»n J.riitMwm (li>' Unit Imll r»aa»il lila
i(h»l, l..r»l"l.l li> him. thai h. th>iii|il niali* war lifr III |trr*l hupplnrav »m\ hi.il rnli.t funv yt»n,
Willi lht< hyriana, awl iiin<|iHr thnr army, and I ha ilfil. ami iita* hiiri>il M ^aiutria, iiih^I hii ton
tliUrif thf i Mii lliH't "t III* hmg'I'iiti "n Uui murlh- { y»fh»riah tmtk Iha Mnipliini Alli'l |Jh< aanw
•m parla. In lh» cily llanialh, ami on lh« aoulh
am, III Ih* lakii Aaiihaltilla, liir llir Iniiimla ullhr
Canaanilra onKiiially wi r« llitiar, a» Jiialiua lh>ir
K«iirral hrtit ll**lriiiiiiiril Ihiiii. Sii,J« riiliniiHi iiiMii*
■n at|M<Ullun agaiiiat llir St nana, imiU uvarran
(II Itrvlrciiiiiilr)', hh J»nali hiul birrluM,
t. Now I rmiiiiil bill Ihiiik U nvcaaary fur nir,
wlw hava |iruiii|M'il III Kill' an an iinlv ai-iounl
of uur uHhim, i<i ■Irai'nliii llii' iiclioiia ol lliii pru-
fibcl, ail far »• 1 bavn fiiuiul ihiui wrilltii liimii
II iba Mvhrtw Imukt. Jwilah had hvm ciin-
niamtrd liy (iuil lu ((o (ii i)i« kiiiKilKiH^f ISinai
iiiailnrr iliil Hiilah, Iha mu «f Ainniinh, t,r|riB
III reign iitrr llir Iwniriliia In Ji rOiil' iii, In uw
fiiurlirnth year nf lliv rrtKil "1 Ji rn'xHini. H<
waa li»rn iil Jrinliali, hia iiml'iir, whu waa •
rlllia'n of Jarua.iltni. Ha waa a k<i<i<I iiiaii.iinil
hy naliira riKlilnma anil iiia|^n4niiii<<ii>,iiiii| lalH»
riilua In talkiiiK I'ara iif Iha artaira nf hia kiHiiliim
llr maila an < «|hiIiIiiiiI a|<ri aifainal llii> f'lnlta.
lln«», anil (i««rrani» lh< Ml lii biillli', niul Ixiil, Iha
ritlaa of Oalh ami Jalinrli, ami lirwIiM iluNn Ihrlr
wallai al'ltr arhnh rtfioilill'iii, he aaaaullcil
Ihiiw Ariiha (iial niHiiint'il In K|i;y|i|. Hi; iil«i
«ah) 4n<l whin Iik wai Ihiri., In (.iililiili Ih llial hiiill ■ rily H|>.>n Iha- H.il Sm, mitl piil a niirriaim
t'>ty, hiiw ll >liiiiil I liiaai llir iloiHiiil<in II hail uvi-r ' inlii II. Hi' aflir lliianvrrlhii w Ihc ,\ nlijlra)
Iha nalioiia. Iliil hn wnii mil, uUI of l«ari niiy, ahil ap|ioiHl«l Ihal lh«-y •hiiiil.l |i.ijf Iribiil- "-
ha ran awity friiiii ( juil lo iImi I'ily of Ji>p|a>, aiiil | alau nvariiima all llin riiiiiiirira .i« far
liiiilinx a ahili lliirn, he wi'nl intii il,Hiiil auili-iMii huiinil^ uf IlKypI, ami (hrn h,^ m t.i Uka i
Taraiia, in ('iliria.f nnil iipuii Ilia rl^i- of K imial j Jarinalani ila«ll'4'iir lha< rial nf liia lil«, l.ir
lliil hn wnii mil, tint of Itiari miy, ahil ap|ioiHl«i Ihal lh«-y ahiinl.l lujf Irjliiila, Ha
' ■ - ' -" '' ' riiniiirira .i» far aa ill*
> i!,ira of
iipiiii ma rHi' 01 K iiHiai I Jaruaaiani iia<ii«>r ina- ri«i m ma mt!, i.-r li« ri'-
larribl* aliirni, whiih wna ao gnal lliul lh« ahip bnilc ami rrimiii-if all iho.ii pujru of lli«' wali
wai in ilaiiKiT ul aiiikiii|(, llii< iiiarin>>ra, ihi; lima- wliii h hail rillirr flillrii iljiwn liy li iKlh of liinr,
Itr, and lht> |illul hiinaiTl', niadi' pravaranml vowa, or liy Ilia r'lrnliaanaaa of llm kiiiK- liii prid. tr».
in caM) Ihi'V <'.ru|N'd llii-ain: bui Jiilinli \«f alill a-ira, ua will aa all th<il |Hirl ivhirti hilil lirrn
anil coviri'd | In Ihn »)iip,| without iiiiituliiiK any I ilirown diiWii hy llii *-' " ' ' "'■ ' '■- "•
ihin',; Ihiil tin- olliira iliil: but u* lhi> wavi a ((frw
Krialir, iiad llii' ai-ii Imu'iiiiii- niorv viuli iit by tlm
winila, Ihry tuapii'tid, iia la uaual in tin h iiiata,
that ■oniK (iiiu uf Ihv pirauna Ihal inllid with
Ihrni ivua Ihu ni'ituaion uf Ihia dorin, and ii|{ri:i'<i
lu ilixovir by Wt tthii h ol" Ihaui il »iif. Whm
Ihrv bad I'liat lula, lhi> lot Irll u|iiin liir prophrt;!
■miwiirn Ihi'y aakcd him, wliiiiii! Iiii iiinir f
nnd ivliiit h« liiid diinel h« nplied, that he tvii<
i(_lli liri'iv by niilion, ninl a prophi-t of Abiiixhly
Iji/Ji and hn pitrauadid thi'ni to i-nii him inio
(h« •«>, if Ihuy ivoiihl I'acapd lliu ilanKi^r Ihry | Mjaii*. Il>' li»d
Wi;r«i ill, lor tlul h« wii« Ihr ncruaiunorthr alonii | |Hi«ril of rlinai i
irhii'li wna Up,iii lh«ni. Aitivv lit (In: lira! (hry I nnd. acM I'lv |
lir hln^ol l'-rntl,wliii\ h« look
hia f.illiir AiiiuKiuh lum ii- r. mid inlind witli
hliu ml. I (ll<^ rilV. Mor r, lii< Inillt a K^^Ht
niiiiiy l.iHira, of 'm«- hiiMii-il mil (illy luliita
hi|{li, iin-l biiill |wi If. d I'liviia i:i iliairl plarrt
iinil |Hil Kitrl-ia-iiii^lnl i Ihrin, niiil Iiik iiiiiiv I'han-
H..I.. !*>>« t-.iiiu,'., i.ui.,. ;.l'„i.li'r lf,tliii>l uldi, man*
nila for ronvi'tiiiii'i: •
hi iiata lor liilKn", in
.r null r llrhiiil uUo many
iiiiil iin iiiiiii- 1141 n. ruber III
niuiiliy »V!|. It l'>r pu^liii. ;i'
durat not di au, aa calri-min); it ii Wii kril Ibiiiir
(o CHtt a imin who vtiii a ■triiiiKir, iind who huii
eoiuinitlcd hia life to thiiii, iiiUi aurli mnniliai
imrdiliun; but ut haat, when ihiir nil'lurluiiia
overboil; llii'iii, mid tin; abip wuhJuhI koIii;; In br
druwmd, and wlirn thiy wi re njiimuli d to du it
by (be prophet hiiiiai'lf, uiid by Ihii flnr ■'■itii'ilTI-
ing their nwu Mifity, Ihey cuat him into the iwta;
upon whieh the hio berumu I'idln. It ia/ilau
related, (hat Jonuh wna awullowed ilowir/uy tt
whale, and that when he hud bleu (lii'r/(hri.«i
ilaya, nnd an niiinv (iij(li(a, he wua vonifd'd out
U)M>U (be V'.uxliifi Sen, and (hia ulive, nii/l withou(
liny hur( up'in hi« tiody; and (here, iijl hia pray-
nr to (and, h«ol>(aini,'d pardon for \n^ -tin), nnd
went to the city ^incveb, where )le ■(oud ao ua
• WhnI I havo nhovn nuteil ronrprnl/ii Ji>lion«li. anenia
(u uif III liBvo lieeii true tilao cniH-criiiiK III' ann jeru-
hoalli H.vlz.iliiil nlUumih hfli-ejiin wirkedly, na Jll^e
phiiauiroea with our otliorroiik>a, iinilna lieiiiiita, -MViia
(livranMOfa vnat nnnilier arnilarorlhneatbllii' lariiel-
Ilea III llioaa Ilia Drat yrara" (Ilia |iartlcnlnra uf wliCti mo
QnliiipiiiiV wiinlliig JHilliln Jiiarpliuaiiilil In all our I'll'
pl«K,) DO ilui-ii l( aneni to nil; that he wim nflerwunl le- rouliliinymniiiofllieMeilinrriiiii'ni'.li laby no iiiKani
ciuimi'ili iii'il heroniR a mioil kln(,!iiiiliio wiia euiMiu- tin ImurO'iilileiletermliHiiioii in JuM-iihiia.
rimed liy Ilia (iropliel Jnniili, and hud irnit aun-eiw id' ITIiia nilrloiil |ii-renf reti-'-oii, ol'-uppoalnj there
(erM'iiril, wlieu"lloU»nviid llielarriellleii liy llm hand , ytnugrmt aUiwI ere ile-e Hi" ni'tnl miarni.awA of
of Jerolioiiiii.lhn niii of loimli," '.< Klniia liv. ii7; wirlrli , niKlliiz Iota In diamver '.rcii ^illllerl^, nut only ainoiii;
I'lillle; for hia
He wna nUn iiivi II lo liualuu. Iri , uiid 1. -ik Hire
|» enlliviite (he Kroun.j. iiii I pl..'ittd il iiilli idl
aorta uf llillla. Hill a.iwad II with nil -orla I' I
hIk-iiI iiiiii nil iiitni r iiii-
, in t" nlur three huiii'ri ii
', ' ' v., r< doHTUrjl by '
((I'neriil iillin It . iptuiiii iii tli.iii',.<uil<, who
were men ul »>itl.<i' i^ud iif uiii ihipier.dilr
•li'eiii(tli, in iiiioilur tw.> Hitiii nii '. He idao.di-
vidiX Ilia wliiile nriiiy inln b.ii|il<<, and arineil
Ihem, n'""Jf ' *'i'y i-m II aiviiil, Willi br.iu'ii
bui'kli'va HUil bri.uaipl ill ', luili li.iu < ind aliUKi;
yiid bi alile» ttlcWJ, \w umiti' Irir irirm many
eiiKim a of Wiir, for lieali ;i»ir "• i ilii"i, aiich Ma
i;a«t atnnia nnd 'in'ria, with |',r.ippli'i>, and otln r
iuilriiiiii ntai>ri!ial sort.
<t. While I <(iib wH' in lliia aliite, and mt-
kinjc prtpiirBli'inj f-ir l'iitnrll> ,j fie \mi» nirrnpird
in bia niiii-l li\ jiiii'i , iiuii In iMine iiia^ibiit. nd
(hi' on Hi'ioiint of lliiit ulnri 'inni w'.iih lie had
of (hiii|;a (lia( will ainni p< ri>li, hiid ile^piacd th»t
power which i« uf eleruiil mlr.ilion, (wL'iJlv'con>
rarrltd hy l|iB»lren(nliofrnrri-nl,.iipmi n a'nrniiiaflir
na the I'.uxliie tieli, B 11 no wiiv |.i.;i..«s lite, nnft iiiir«
iheKiorni mlalil l-nva driven (lie "Mi- »■ Me Ji^nli wua
nill,iic"r 10 I'm" ('.mine Ke:'. 'iii.l-i' le in lyfee mora
d; ya, while ho w .a in ll.e ll» '» leli. il,/l -u'renl
nil'! Ill hrlnii lilmlo III" Aai<yrl..ii a,ii«'. niel aiiiro wlllml
Ilia^i conn riiiilil hrbi'/ liliif iii'.-re; In .Nliniveli than
enroll rauinnent hy Jeiiiih, mid sreiit "iiereaaoa. lire eipial-
lyoliaervahlo In. JMsepliiH. nnd In the other ro|iii-4.
t^Vlicnlniiah IshuIiI in ollrllillle■tohllvel(nlleloTar•
" ililHti,. Jniiuli I. ;i, JutM>|iliUR underMtonil |t that he wont
toTuran^lnC'liriii. or In the Moilttcrriiieau Heu,u|ion
whlrli Taraiia lay; an Hint he iloeil not n|iiN;nr to liuve
read the text, I Kiu^«x>il,'li',n!<nur<'0|iliMilu,tliatalilpa
orl'nrablah rould lie M Haioii lielicc, m>mi the Keil ries.
i
il
wKv^,
But Hto Jmrphua'a anurllun, that Junah'a tlali waa i dayaof Joband Muwa.
tlieli<rnellli'»,l«itnnn)nirihi«i'ln!ulheninurlni'r»,iirrina
n re-nnrkiihlo r.'iini'ii-< o'liii anrle'l Iriidiliiiii wllrli
prevuiled of o!d over nil M.nnmiid. thni I'ruvfilrnre
uaedto Inlprpo'e vimlilv in nil linninuntri IrM.niid never
tOlirln".or iit lei-«' no' ioiuio eontlinie, neinrlmiii jndj-
nieniB hni for no'or o,n iii|i<. vHilrli the iiinal nnriont
honk or.lo'' ahiiwa ro hnve hecii the alatp of iiiankliiil
for nllnui (I'e I'nrnier ' liUb yciira or(he world, (Ul lb*
AMTIQUITIW or Tll« ItWd.
I
ad In pUij hMtanlt (InO, awil ta iha utwam*-
. Iilf kl«la<»«.)»ill«<*lltljr iirrMKiil i>r Ih* I'mmI
•■(rtM iif kl« *<t»ir«, •N<l «M catfidl ji»ill«ng
Ml« ihii«* ttiM III hit hlh*r« wkiili ih* l|>l«iHli«f
at Ihiil ^ru>|i«ni)p k« fii)u)r«il, aiiil ih« ilnrlniM
MliuM li« h»>l ilitA*, Uil hiiii inl.i, MrhlU li« w*«
Kul aliU III ||u««rn hliiiu'll »• II *IhiiiI Ihnii At
cunlingly, whan * r«inarli«hU ila> Mat (iinn,
«imI • |«narlii ftilival wu lu ha rVlaibnitaU, ha
Kul ua lh« liiiljr larmaRI, aail w»nl intit Iha
iin|ila ti* iiltar Inoixa (odiiil upjit iha^olilra
•lint, wturh ho wu priihltillail In ilii by Ala-
riuh Itia ili||h priol, who hail (oiirariira iirlaiu
Hllkhiiu,aiiil will) liilrl hiiit thai il waaiiMl laairul
f»r hini t>i iilt«r Muriur*, ami Ihal " Muaa baalilat
Iha iMHiUrilif iif Aanm w«ra |i«riiiill«it tiiliiilu."
Anil will n llirjr iricil nul. Ihal ha niual gii uul i>(
Iha Icniiilv, aiitl mil Irautgnw agalnal Oml, h«
wa« Mrriilh III ihriil, an<l Ihrcaltaail lu kill ihaiu.
NolaM Ihc) niiuM hohl Ihalr |i*aia. In Iha iiiauii
lima, • grr** *arlhi|uaka •hunk Iha gniunil,*
•ml ■ runl «*• mwl* in ihn Uiii|il*, aail Iha
h«t(M rajra nnha iiin iliuna ihrniith il, ami fall
upiin tba kliig't lai'a, mmoiiioi h iFial Ih* Iriiniay
tflinl ajiun hint ininiailialiljr. Ami livfurr Iha
I'ily. ul a placa rallail ('.niga, hall Iha moiinlaln
linika uff frulli Iha rait iin Ilia wral, anil rullnl
itwif limr riirKin||;>, ami aloiHl iiill at lh« aail
mminlain, till Ihr roailt, aa will aa iha kliig'a
guntaM, »¥*r'» apmUil liy (h«u(i«lrurllii^i. Sow,
a« Mind a* Ih^ iirical* mw that Iha king'a lavt<
wai inHi<:l*<l wVlli lh« Icproaj, ihay luld hiin uf
III* I alaiiiily ha waa uniliT, and riiiiiniiiiiili'il lhu(
ha ahoulil git out iif ika lily »• ii |ii>llMi il |h rum.
Ilcrrii|iun li« iviia a<> runroMiuriiil ul iha auil ijia-
lriil|icr, unil H<n»iltl« IhnI h« W^t mil al lilicrly
lu runlrnilirl, thai ha iliil aahi' t«iia j'lininiiiiulail,
anil umlirwanl lliia niiai-rHhlit anil larrilila |iii-
^^^liilhnirnl (it an inlcnliun hr^imil nhitl lirtlllrit a
man to hnvn, ami lur Ihal iiii|iii'l} iiKaiiiil (Joil
which waa inifilicil Ihirain. H» h« aliuilr out of
Iba rily fur (iMna liinr. anil littil n |iri«nl<t lilr,
whjlii Ilia aon Junalliali IihiL tlm ;(ii«i'rniiirnli al-
tar which hr diiid iil' grii f and anility ul what
had happened l<i hlin, when lir hail li\td aiily-
r^ghi ) I lira, iinil riigniil ul' ihi in liluiivOI liiid
; ira« Ouricd liy hiiuitll |n hi< uh ii khi'iIi-iu.
Clftp. XI. *
i/ou Ztchariah, SkaUtim, Mtnahem, Ptkahiah,
and I'tkah, Iniik Iht (ioatriimiiil uvtr Ihtlirml-
illH and luiii' I'lil ami 'Viiflnlh-t'Utttr madt
an KiptiiiliiinoKiiiiiallht /jr»t/i(/'(. JIuuiJo-
(Aain the ion vf IJMUtah.riigntd uetrtht IVUn
efJudnh: Anii what Ihingi J\'ahum profhciud
againitlht Jlui/riant.
} I. Now when /I'charinh, the ion of Jero-
boam, hud r<>i|[n>d tix iiiun(h« over larHid, h*
waa tlwin by |hc Iriarhvrv Of « iriiain fiii'nil oif
' hi*i HhiiiH nnniii waa Shulluin, tlir aun of Jaliaah,
who loi)k the kiii|{iluni nflerHnril, hut Li'pi it uo
longtr than thirty daya; for Nltiiahrin, tlir
l^rncrBl uf hit aruiv, who waa at Ijial liiiin in tiie
city of Tiraah, anil hrard of what had brfallrn
Zachiiriiih, r^itiuvid llicrriipun wjth nil Iiik Ibr-
- cei tu Suiiiaria, and j<iiniiig bnttk With Shulluiii,
ilew him; and wbtii he hud niaiitt hiiiuclf kiiiK,
* Thla acrouht of an corthquaka at icruaairm, at lli«
rcryuimo time when f)xalah uaUf|N'd ilin prloai'a of
flrriBiiilwenllniuiheaaui'luaryiuliMrn Inrantu, iI'ihI of
llin rr>iiiHH|uenr<;a ul'ihal cnrlliqiinkc, la I'mlrrly wuiir
iii| III our uthvr riijitca, tliouiih It Ik) tiri'cilliiK like iii ii
pru|ilicry of Jeri'iiiial. now In Zicli. i,v. 4, .t, in wlili'li
IHOuliery iiieiiiiiiii iamiiiti! nf ■■ llcriiis fium lliiil rnrlli-
?u>ikf , aa llioy llril from llilitoiiri:ii|iiiiki- in il>c data of
'zzliili, kiiu< of Judnli:" •n^ihnl tiiere loenia lu have
lieen aoiiin roiialiluralilr rrwilihlanrc IwtVruen tlieae lila-
t.orlral iiiiil iiiO|ihrtlrul rarlliquiikca.
t Dr. Wall, In hia rr'iliral nntea on 3 K1n(f it. 3Q,
obaervca, "thai when thla Meiialieni laaaij lo have
eiartcd tlio money of lHrnel,ot' iill ibe niignty men of
wrallh.of each man flOyrhekclaorailvcr,lof(lrn Pul,
Iha king of AHjrria, one tlio^iiQii taJaula, Ibii la the
ha waal Ihenca. aiH< Mm* In Iha rile Ttp ak
bill Iha ■ ilii>na Ihal war* In II thill ihair gaiaa
and linrrad Iham agaiaal Ike king, ami wunld mil
ailiiiil him I Iml la iinlar In h« aaanaail nn ihaw,
ha burned Iha riunlry niand abuiil J, awl look tb«
I iljr hf fun r, ii|i<in a alife , and tiring lary miwh
d|aulea«>d al what Iha iiihalillania itf Tii haak
bad itiina. ha tiew Iham elli ■nd tfiand g.ji u)
mach aa Om lafaala, wllliuai omlltiag Iha utmoai
Inalaaraa of enielly and barliantr i (<ir ha uaad
aui'h txerily kaiin hia nwa «uu«lrym>n, at
wiiiilil mil ha pariliMialila with ragani lualraagaft
who had h<rn ■ iia>|ii«ri'd bt hint. And altri
lh(a manner it wat thiit Ibii Menahrin cuniimifii
lo raian with eroally ami harhartt) fur tan yean
hul when I'ul. king uf Atayna, hall inada an a*-
Kdilion agalntt hini, ha did nul think meal la
„hl iir rnanar in batlla with thx Aaayriaii". Iml
he ^H raiiaifeil liiiti lu ar> e|il uf a Ihuuailn^ lull nla
uf adver, and In |ii awa) , and au pnl an end tiiihe
war, 't'hit turn the mulliluda cidlertad fur Ma-
nakem, hy atacliug Ully ilriichnia aa mdl munaj
liirrtery head f aDir which ha died, and waa
liiirh d in Hamnrin, and lilt hia xm I'ekahinh hia
aurirator in the klNgdiim, who fiillowad tile bar-
liarily of bit futher, ami au ruled h«| twu yean
nalr, after„wbich ha wu* tlain wi|h hit frieaiUal
a fi'iiat, li» Iha Ireaa'hery uf una ^(kiih. III/ \
genrriil iifliit horae, and thi tmi ^ lleTiTllttiiK , ')
wliu laid iAurea lur him. Mow thit IVkah lieM
tki' giivirnmi nt twenty yrart, and proved a
wicked" man. iiiid a. traHtgri.i4iir. Kul ll.r king
uf Aatjrin, tvhnaa napie wiia I'lglalh-ritiMr,
when he hn'l mada an v\peililion agaiitai the
laraiHtia.ii.Hlhiid iivrrrnn all Ibe land oft; '.inil.
and Die i< triunlMyond Jonltn, and the ndjoining
ruuqir) , which ia I'alled (ialihc, and Kaili li aud
llHuur, he niiida the inhaliilania |iritun«i-, akd
lmna|>luntrd them into hit own kingdom. And to
null II ilinll anilica to hiirn related hem uia-
cerninK Ibe king uf Aaayria.
J. Now Jiilhani, lh« aun nf I /«inb, rri«;iied '
oyer Itic Irilir of Judah In Jcrn>aleHi, lii iiig a
riliien thereof hy hit mother, wbnae.BMiie waa
Jcriiahii. 'I'hit king Wnii iMit di fictile in any
virtue, hul wat rrligiuua townrija liint and righ-
teiiui lowiirda inni, nnd can lid of tH# 'gnml of
the lily, (fur whiil imrta ao<c\>r wanted tu lie ra-
pairrd or adnrned,he magnlAcenlly repairad and
adorned Ihrni.) lie alau took cara of the fouB>
daliont of th^loiatera in Ihn lemple, and r»-
pnired the wall* that wera ftllen down, and hiiitl
very (t'eal tower*, and auch aa were Miniuat im-
iirernable; mid Ifuny tiling etia in hit kingdom
liad liecii neglecled, he took grent carat nf il. lie
al»o made iin rtpedition agnlntt the Anmionitet,"
ni^ nverct them in liatlle, and ordered them
to pay triliirle, n hundred lalenta ami ten thoii-
■aml con of wheat, and at iiianr o( hnHiiy,
every ^ear, and to aii|fni«nted hit kingdom,
thai Ilia eiieiniea could nut dci^iae rt. and hit
own people lived happily.
1). Now there wiiK at ihnllime ii prophet, ^hote
nkniit waa Nahuni, who apake after thit inuniier
cnnci rning the overthrow 6f the Aaavriant, and
' Nineveh: " Nineveh ahull be n iwol lif Water in
motion;! to iliall nil heri)>eople.he troubled, am>
tutacd,und go away by llighl, while they tay ona
«Mrt
'opfe; I
tint pul'llr mOM rnlaad bv any [Itraellla] klnn liy a
tifx on Hie iienple; Hint they nted before le ralaa II out
ofiliO trenaurea of tlie hiiitae of the Lord, or oftbtir
own lioiiae; thai it wim a |iull money on the rich men
[aiidtliem only] lo riilae X3.V1,Uun, or at olliera count
II talent XfW,im. nl the rule of il) or X7 per bead;
mid Ihal l!od rominiiniled by Kaeklcl, rbnp. ilv. H
aixl *lvl. IH, that no iiirh ifilnii ihould b« donif [a!
tbo Jowa' rltitorntlon,] but the king ibould baVa land of
I hbiown."
I t'l'l'ltpt'tafelalnlienonlofiliapraphet Nahnm,eh.-
. It. H— 1:>, and ia Ibe |irlnri|iii|. or rnllier the only ona
^ thi\i le vlven iia alniiMl rerhnUm, but a little ahridiod,
. In all Joaeiihna't known wrliin(i: I'V wbirti iiuotalian
\ waltnrn what Ivhlaiaelf alwaya'taaerta, viit.tbai.he
I mad* uia of Iha Ocbraw original [and nol of Ibt CiMk
■■*
.'•'JsL.;'
inOK II.~«IIAP, XII. Xllf.
M MMtlt*'. MmmI. KMmI ittll, wIm lK«tr |Ml>t •!»<
•I|«>f, for ihrft akali *m »» ■)»•■ tn Mlih lK>in
««ll, f'lr lh<)i will ralh'r <««> itotr lifr* iMn
ilM>t> m»Hf) , hir • UMtlil' I inivniMiii (hal) ntw
•••« |l»»iH on* wttN •nolbrr, iIimI iMiMtHlHltotl,
mmI tn.Miiik n' •))« mcittlivri, iitwl Hfir ruHNIr-
Mn<<( ■hull kfi fmrtr>;>{y >>!»■ k tiHk liittt. AntI
lh*r* MTlll Ih llt« <l»» III Ihr Iiiih*, .mil llt« wn
lh«r ij! |li»ynH«£ !•'»»'*•_ !'"■' ""J* '!• Il»», hi'
n»«>li, ihni'ilw) ^lMllJ*r<«4 r th«>», »im( Ik* Htm
tfixK H'tlonfrr in iml frtim ihs* h> Rif* U<*> In
lb* (••irl<l " Awl inlx'il ihi>|tr<i|(li«< pvunhftfil
Mmi) iitlK'f thlii|« Im'kIx itir*» rmi^vrNiHK Si-
••veil, whiili I ilo iitil Ihiitli ii'ivaMry In r^pvalv
•ihI I k»t* tHiiiPlhiliM, llml I iiMjf It'll *(>|i*iir
IroHblnMiiM III my rriiilirti nil wlH'h Hitiif*
iMlilt'iHKl •IxIMl iSiiw«> li, n hiiii'lriil mill Allrtit
ynra •rirrnkrtla, m Ihia iim; •uifti h In b«««
tpuk'n ul lliri* wDlli n.
C'lUI*. XII.
Ilmii Uf'iH Ihi IhitiK i/./ufAniN, Ahim riljntJ <ii
uriu.tamr lo
iJ" .Ihtii, unJImiU .Ni/ru irafft,
•n.J rtmuviHK Ihi IhkMniiiMi tiilu •)/>i/ui,
flatiJ uMrr.Nu/wHI IH f/iiii riMHil,
) I. Niiw J<ilhitiii>li*il hIiihIw hitil lltrl (iirly.
«n« ymir*, niii ul lli< ni ril^iii.! •txlii n, kml w.t>
bHrtril III Ihi iiiiiuli Ik*> III lliv liitt|;»i aiil iId'
kiiiKiliiiii i'uii|r I.I hi< «>ii Alina. whu |irii«vil
itiiKl iiii|M>iU« limitnU (iiiil, uitil * iri»n*if»"f
ul' tlili l.iMi> i)( lil» riMiiilr>. Ilii titiiliiliil ihi'
tiiiHt (il' lir«i I, hn<l ■<•'.>. i. I nllur) III Jxriiiili'iii,
•ml itlli'iril •iirltfrr* iijhiii II|i<>iii Iu I.InU; tn
nliich hIxi Ik' iillcri'tl till iityn t'lii *• ii liiiriil-')>'
frriiig;, mubnliliu In In* (•Mi'lli'li* of llm ('iiniiiiii-
llM. Mi» ullif'r'ui'i|un» Hi>rii itl>'> ul' Itir • iiiti'
•iirl. iViiw •• iKrwuiijC'lMK oiiin tun iinul r.iiir<M',
Hi nil, ihi kiiiK III' St rill .111.1 IlitiiiHU'iK, uiiil I't-
IihIi iIk' klii|| III' hriii I. tdiii ttirit ii.itv kt i.iiiiljr
Willi niir kmilhi'r, iixi'lr ttmr nvilli l.mr hiI'I nrln ii
lh*y linil ilrivaii liilii iiiln Jrfui.li'iiii III)) lii"
llcKi'il Ihiit I'lty •> liiiii: t«htlj>, |ii.il>iii)c ititl •iii'ill
prA^rrx. III! x'l'uiiiil III III*' utri'iiitlli •>! ll> ttinlU;
■nil tvlirii llm kliiK III Syi'lii |i .il I'ikrn llir < ily
KInili, iipoii lliii Ki-il Sik, iinil liii<l ■liiiii I'll in-
lintiltunt>, li« |H ii|ili .( Il ivilli !<v'f i.tiK, nn I ««hrn
III* liiiil alkin IhiKii- III till- fiilhi r I • irriioiu, iinil
llic Jrtvi III llinlr ni'i;(lilinriiii<Ml,,«iiil liiil ilnvi'ii
kivky iHHi'h }•"•>. I'*" r«-lufiifil t*ill» •■i» unity
bkik III Oniiik»iiit. ^l>lvtvll^n lllr kiiiK <il 4f
ruuiUui kin'iv ihul thi' .Syri.mi yi<-(>- niiirnfiil
hoiii)', hr, •iip|>i.aiiiK liiiiiHi'li » hi.iti'li f.ir Ilir
kiuk III' Itriirl, tiri'tv onl hit •riii): aKiiinal bjin.
iinil, ininini^ bnllle wllh liliii, t«it< lii.ili n . hikI
tbii niipiHivril hi'cniiar (i.Hl ifka HntO **'''' '''"'
on iii'iiiiinl iif hii iiiaiiy iim) vriiit i nii'iiiiliia.
Airi>r<linj(ly, ihrrtl tvrrt' ii|iiiii by lliii Ururlitr*
OKI' hiiiiilr)'<l hikI ttvi'iity ihuiiMnil n( hi* iiicji
thill il>ij, ttlioti' i^ynrrul, Aiii|iii.ili liy iikiiii', aUiv
/•'i'IiiiiihIi iIiu kiii|('> >'>n ill bii I'liilliir ttilb
Aliut, ua will lu tim Kuyernor u( llm kuiKiUmi,
t«bii>ii nniiiK »■!)• AtriiMm. Hii kUn rarricl F.l-
kkniili, till' Kciiiral nC Ihr trp»|M of Ihi- tiibr u(
Jiiil.ib, iiilo riijilivily. Tliry kind oiirru.l l!i<'
'WOiiirn iiii'l rhililri 11 iif th^ IrUiit uf lIvHJuiiiiii.
<!k{)liti:a; iiml ivliiii ihcy liii|J giillmi u ^rriit ilckl
of jiri'v, idi'y frtiirni'l In S^iiiiiriii.
'i. Noiv thi ri' t«ua on« Ul»<l, tvhn vtn» u pro-
Chi'l kt Ihnt liiiiii in Sniiinri|n: lii> wet tbii ariny
rforii till' I'ilt Mmila.uiiil itilh n lunil voice luM
Ibriii, " Thiit tliry i.kil Kol^rn lliii virlury, not by
their OMrn klniiKlh, but by nnoiui ol' lliii niiifur
tiuil hull HL'aiitnt kiii;< Ahin. Ami br riiiii|il lin-
ed, that lliiiy tvvri^ not talinA' il ttrith thr gitmi
■uccea* tliry bad iij^iiiiat nim, but ««rreau boTd m
**nion;| a* alaowfllenrn.Uial hia llnhrnttr ropy con.
Maiably lUlfeicil I'rum uuri. gtv all throe U!iil«|«ir'
27 ..
Id inkko 'aiitifM md »f ibrlr kiii^m** IM IrtkM
nf JiMkh anil Hr«j<intii» M>' •!»• (ii" lb*«i
rwinaal Li i«l iHaiii ai b.iw» taitti.iMl 'iiMk* lh«H»
any k*rn>. It^r Ihnl iiihry iliil iwil hIh y iiim lkiiN>
m, tti«y aliiml'l Ih> |iHni«n«il ' Ho ik« (Mtvi* «t
lar«*l DtitM infaihrr In ik'ir aaMMliI*, aiM i<m-
ai lurril iif Ihaw iii.ttl. #•. iahl<a » niitn lahiiaai
Mm* t»4a IUr*rllMh, niUt t»h,i «»iia i|it« "Il rhwf
rvnulrtlM.n in lb* fiii*riliii< nl, <Im,i»( hji, ami lhf*«
•tlfwr* lailH bim, artil «Ml, " tV*»ilt M"! anlbr
Ik* rllMrna In bring ib*>i^iif«^inW«tjlil|iib* rjlyi
(•at «• t>r all il«a«ruy*<l liy fiinl tax llaa* alM
•miiiiah <if iiiir iitan thai mp baa* loiHiiiiltMl
aKaluil biiii, aa Ihn prnpbtU aaaiaft iia m<i*
iiMKkl W* lk*r*Aif* III Inlruilui'* ikr iirni,|ii • nt
nrw fr«ni*a,'' Wkvii lk« ai)tilt«ra hraiil thai,
iMrV |»iiiiill*il thaiii III ilu wbiil Ihry lk<iu(hl
ImkI !Iii III* rorrnanixl niru Innk lli.i raiillt**
iin<l 1*1 rbrni Ko, anil lu<ik larr nf ibdii.amlfaa*
IbriM prixiaiiiiia, aiul arn^ Ibrin In th*ii man
iininirt, tailliiiHl iliMnf Oyni niiji liarni llnw-
«•**. itirac J.inr ttrnl alnllc tailb ihriii, and iiiH>
dui'lvil Ikiiii aa liir aa j/rlrlm, tablrb I* not far
IpiMi J*riitHlriii, iiiid rrlttfnfd ti '•iiiHnria
;l n*mi|iiin kiiiK Altai. batiOK lirrn a<i Ihii'
rniii;hly bmirn by ihr larui lilra, n ul iii I'laUlIt'
I'ibatr. klHK nf lb* Aaayrittlia, anil aiird hir aa*
ai«liini'« fniiik him in hia Mar iiitkMial lb* larMl-
1(1'", rtn.l ,H»riana, and Oaniaarrnfii. tailb a prii-
iiiiai. Ill a*nil hini luiii-h uiiHii-y i hi anil hiin nlan
l^ii i(t prvai-nla al lb* tanii' Itiiic .>iit* Ihiakiiif,
i||Nin Ih* riirpiinn of thua* aliilinaaiidura, rams
In iiaaial Abaa, and HMlilr taat u|inn lb* Syrian*,
and liiid Ibfir riiiiittrv waalu, and linik Itaniaai na
lit fiircr. and airt* Artin llirir kiiiK. ond Iraiia-
iilantcd Ih* |i*ii|dr uf Uaniaacut. inln th« u|i|i«r
\|pdia, and briiiiKbl a luhiny nf Aa«yriaiia, uml
plitnlt'd Ihfin In Ibiniaai'ua. Hit alau alibi 1*4
lb* bind nf larail, and Innk man) raiilltir* uul ul
il. Whi|a il* Mfiia ibiini{ Ihita lailh lb* Nyriantt
lh« kiiiK Ah.li Innk all Ihi' («bl Ibnt waa in tha
kiUK'a trraanri'a. and the ailtir, anil labal tana in
Oil' liui)li' iiftiiid.and tahal {iriiKMi* Killa wrra)
tbi rr, and h* rarrird Ihrin with hint, iinil I'aiii*
In llaitinai'ua, and khvp It tn Ihr kliiK of Aaayria.
Ill t'lirilini; In hia aKm'nitnl So n<i rnnlraana
III' ntvi'il biiii llianka liir nil Ihry luiil dull* for
hiiii.itnd rrlnriivil In Jiriiaitlriii. ^n|f Ijiia kin^
ntaa an aoliiab, and Ihntif'lilli la ol tyiiat waa fur
hia nivu Kiiuil, thai hi' lanuJd mil liii** nit' laor-
alii|iiiinK Ibi' Syrian Kotia i%biin b* tviia lirnlrii
III III! ni, liirt hi' Willi iin in wnrabi|tiiiitK ibi'iUi
rt» iboHKb Ihry wmdil itrtH'tin- biMt iW *li'l<i*y^
ind ttlii'ii b« waa lii'alijM H^aiii, br IttKiin tn Ini*
III If I ill* K'xN of Ibr Aaavriiiiia; hiiiI bn ••'vin«ii
niiir* di'iimua to honor any iiilivr Knila Ibnn hi*
nwii pklrrnal mid Iruii liod.whiiar hoki r waa Iha
I' lull' of bia ili'l'i'iili nay, b* |iriiri:i'ili'd In aui'b •
ilr|(rr* nf di'a|iili' and I'linli'iiipt liif (iiid'a Wiir^
aliiii. I that bit tliut u|i lh« liiu|i)* rnlirily, AImI
fnrimdti Ibnn to hriiiK in tin ir apimlntnl ancii*
Ai'iai and luok away lb* itil'la lliat bad livalt
kIu'i) to il. And wbrit h* l'»'l "lli'ri'd tb*a* ii|.
di^^nilica |j (tnd, hi' dii'ii, liMvint; livrd Ihirly-alt
triira, and of Ihriit r< it(ii<*d aikliin; ami bv Kfl
)ua ton llrlakiah for hia aui'CPiaor.
CHAP. xni.
IfuiB Ptkali ilitti il/ </ie Trtarlifnj of Jtmhra,
iii/ii> tiiit nlillU liflirtitliiliiiillii/ SlMtiruiir-i fi
u'i>/ liiiw lltttkiuli rtiKiif't inilraJ iif .11 all
««(/ mhal .IclioM uf I'idij n/ni Jmlici ht JiJ.
{ I. AiioUTIhtt •!iiiii' tiiiii, I'rkiih, Ihr kin;t of
iariii'l, ilifil, by till' Irrnitirry nfnlrii'iid nl lii<,
wbiiiii- iinmii tvna Miialim. trim ratninid tbi' kini;-
iloill uiilK yi nra' liiiii', Iml tv.i> ii wirki'd ni.iii itiiil
a ii*K|Mi*r of the diiini: unrahip. And .Shuluifc-
nfurr, Ihr kin{ of Aa»yriii, niiide an i'a|iiMliiiii«
tiru'arly art dottn, and roinparril togathor, In Ibc E»
'aay oBtlv l>ltlTralBm«nl, pui/n Iti7,
I
%.
'^
#
,,™^-.l™~gp.
]|g Airrt^uiTiKN (>r Ttut'iK^wii,
C, iw.H N'vw* k« ttmt mn «»<"♦ l»»««»bl# «» »l Ik* ««*»l*i«». •w.t |i..m(ll«l ili« mwi4« |a
»«»j«lnw In him, Jtwl lw»»<««l>« •"»' ••••"•»•'«"«''• •'"••(•••'" 'h» M. »••! >!*»« •»>i.M« iK«<M
Md M^>»>»l kim bi |«tf M aiiioiiiiUil lntn»»» «»•» 'wlk •!•• Ili» ••.nil..*, f(«l hNrHxl
Tr>« IH III* r»«rill f ••' ••! •!•• "<t» "I H'wh**. bwdtl it#»»l»gi. kHiI* lk« l^»il«« ••mh.I rw»»
il*<«il*li. Ik* ->» »( Ak«(. tMK»>i Iti t«i||« In *>H>H« tkaa •iltt «k«ir noMi**! MMl'iMtvilM.
J«>himUmii •"•! ki* •«.«fc«f • iM»« «M Alii^. ••••HT hjuMN »• «»wl. •"J »»t«.t.t •>« ti*it ■»!•»■
• Mmm •! UtwUm. Ilw wni*" •»■<» fwiJ. "••. « 'fc-y "•»• iiwimxm.I fct ••••i«l i» «!••. •«!
mill f WHf^OT^i IW«t fv{t|||tiT9*t tvr Mumn tt» ^ • '" ' t ***** ^^ -- '"^ ^ ^ -^ ^^ ? - P^ '
lu lk» kin(>l>mi, h» lk.i«itk« lk*l luilkiiig ••• m«Mi» . «•• «>Mnil«'l lk« I^m.iiimM i»hl»k lk«f
■winf, or wn" wm—ty, »r »<•»» wl . »iii«|»<mi« | k»l i« lli»tf h^mU aiul nh^^kK mU J.m«¥. Ik*
U kMiMttf. •H.I !•• hl« Mihk.U, Ifc^n l» Wrtrtkif j kliHT •»•' ••♦• ■••mIIiIwI<, ll«'* ll»^."l«»« 'Im"**
(toil ArKiinlimlt. k« »•«••« Ik* |i...|tl« «••§• , «•»»•>•• ifc*!' ftwo. •"•I wiHfcirtl*!! l..»l |l« ,»h*
r» .... .- _ ^.. _ . ^11 „;i, i^„»(,„| mm,, ii»4
- ^ ..Ilk
li.il* «!•>)•••• I» r«ii>l M|»in.^.«it hiiwlrwl <iMN|
«n>l ih»> lh.iiHaH.1 .ilknr tallWi, •n.l ilia |KImM
•3
,,,. ^. J».l Ik* |W',
ikaV, tii'l lh« jwWi wmI »k» l*«Hn, •wl ««nI« .••«ri».»il t>»nt« biilU, ..A«.K»*I»«.I mm
• •Ii*». Ii 111 ll»«iM, •«•! •*i<l. ■• V-JM •" B-il »«•«> I lw..kn».l»«'l UwU M" •»«* ("•«•• ■! •»••_
/■nl, k'tw hf III* MiM "I mj l«lh«t. mh.. I(%m
f;r«M*<t lk«l wir*.! koniir •nhith w« .lit* •■>
)nd, jrwM k«»» •••rf »»|»rt»M«i» III BWiij •ml
(r«»l MMirriai.wMU y.m war* rit»r«|i«.<l in |i>«>
«Md hj( kiMi, Mtii »»»r« imlntml ••< w. .'.hi|i ihu««
Wkick k« tHplKM*.! I» »<• ||wl«< I »iH»rl r»M.
lhanliirv, wlui h«»« Imnwl by m.1 ••|.fri*ii'«
k.>« 4iiin»r"«« • lhlH« lni|ii«ljr W, !■> l«.i lh«» •<»■
ntmllauljr umI id ynut mutmtty, iml l.» f*"i*f
;iHtrMl>H (r.iii jnut fiiri««r laiMnUoM, iiihI i>i
a|)«il ik* l»ni|il« I.I lk«M |irl«il< ainl l,.«ll»«wl>n
*ra harv riMtoiKil, ami In ■ ka««a il HMh Ika ••''
cililuuiail •III rtn*'.*. nnil In rm tivat' all I.. Ika an*
cicnt h.inor whuh mif (alk«r< |kiiiI in il. titi Uy
IkU maaiit »* m*) tai|.U» tlwl fmnrabki, (n>|
ll« witl raiiili Ika •«•('> ka kalk ba.l di iM."
t. ^krn Iha klHK hail laiil llui, ilia priaMi
niM-nail'lhli li'iii|ila, anil Mhan Ih. ) tia>| lal ill
tinlar Ika vaaa.'U ot Owl, ami raal iiiit whaf WM
iHipura, thaj laM ika •rrualomaii •arrllli'at u|ini>
Ika ailar. Tlia klnK aUi< •«i)l U> Iha . nmilrjf ihal
««• anrfarhhii, uii.1 lallail Iha |iaii|ila In JarwM-
|am lu rrlrliral* ika laaal »l iinlratrna.l lirrail,
(•If U hail lirvi^ inlaniilllail a lon||[ lliiia, miar.
i:niinl ul lb« wM'liailnaaii of Iha inrviiiaiilionril
kinft. M'yihn Mol III Ika (•rirhlai. aii<l r*-
knrlrtl tliafaait laava oil Ihalr |irrw nl m»y n(
llfiM. ami WBm In th*ir anciawl untallura, ami
III wunlilii (Ml,.li)r lhal ha K*tr ihrni Irava lii
Cnnia In Jfriiti^*"'' "<><) )■■ • • l.'lirali*. all in una
IhhIji, lk« fi'att i>< unlaaaanail lirriul ; iinil ihia,
ka MiUi, waa li)t way iif liiollalion onl) . ami In ha
dnna M Ikalr own f uuil-wlH. ami fnr Ihrlr own
■ilvanlil|*> anil iiul iiul nf nlii'ill. mia tn hiin, liv.
ci^iu' It wunlil iiiakr Ihrni hii|i|>v. Hm Iha I*-
rMliUt. U|i<>A Ilia n)in|n|| of Ihr anilmiaailori,
■nil HiMit Ihi ir laMng hrdit* lliani whal lliaj hail
III chHP|(ii' ftwni IhaiMiMn iinK, war* an Kir rmni
c<iMi|ilyliiK Ifirr. wilh, thai lliay laufhnl Iha am-
Imatailor* l< I "'^*fjtf ami'iiinVk.'il ih.'iii a« CihiU; ii«
alau lliajr allrvWRAl^P'"!'^*'* "'"' K*** Ihtni
Iha •aiiia rililirMHk i«ii<} l<irr|iilil whal Ihajt
wouhl tnflar KCtVHhMWll> 'a>"b> l<> (!>•' ""•■''
thlpufliixl, •n«^'|fnA9yhlKl*«%'y •■><K*>t
iham, ami lUw Vinl^HHKihii^taninH' «l
IrantKri'Miiiii mii
wii'kr.l cniilri«
icrilml: ISnriJiil (
SUDiahuitnl fur lh<
ar Ihair rnamiaa
llowrvrr, nianjr Ihi'ti)
naiMih, ami ol /rhaluu
ware obailiani In nhal Ika prnpVla aahnrlril
thaai In do, and raturncd lo Ihn W(ir«hip of (io|l.
Now all (haaa rniiia riirtnini; tn JrruaaUin, to
llaickiah, lhal tbay iiiiKhl wunhjpdml [ihara.)
3. Whan th«« inrn wari' cohif, kinR H»««-
klah want n|> into tha Irnipla, with Ihr rulrr*
ami all iha (iroplr, ami oIIithiI fur hinnrtf wv. n
bulla, and aa inanv ranit. wilh Hvrn Umh«, nnd
■a many kiiia of Iha goaU. Ilia liin( alao hiin-
•Tlila ilat* oTMamaila, Ihoaih not tfitm a partlni
lararcouiii ul, aiiliar In our llahirw and litvak Ritilra,
•r In Jnotphiii, wna an trry loiii!, no Irm tlmn Ihrra
vnaia. Hiai II wna no wajr ImprnlmHIr, hul lhal oaranla,
and paiilriiinTly molliara, mlahl tharala ha radnrail lo
innra
\rrn ila-
lull, aa
brxht Ihrni nn)!
ira hrraafli'r.
Il)' Irllia lit Ma-
nnil of laaachar, who
mif tki'irownclrildlanMUMlawof MfaaakadlkitU- iS«— W
narttrmatl all thia(« atrnnllnif VI Ika law. nam
Iha kill* wa« M fikaaatl harawilh.lkal ha fa«ata>4
wtlH Iha i^anplv, ami ralurna.l Ihanka I'l IIimI.
IIhI aa Iha (aaal ,if nnlratanail hxail waa nn«
KiMW. whan Ikat kail iiltarail lhal wh rilka wkwk
la ralU.I lk« l>aaanaar, ibay aflrr lhal n*^»» d
nikar wrrlAraa fir art.* lUya Whan Ika klac
ka.l Iwiliiwa.l UN Iha loHlliliHla, liaaMlaa wkal
Ihn* •m.aift.ail n( lhaiiiaal>a«, lw>Mh.iiiaaa<lbiilla,
•ml aanan <k.>ii«|^ nlhar tallla, Iha wma Ihiag
waa iliHir lt|^llP»Hlcr«t for Ika^ |;a«a Iham •
Ih ni'wi'l '>wVBn.l a I' nH^nixt awl forty nikat
lalll*' Mrla'l ikM lr«tl««l liat* w waldih'
wrinl !■«>< Iha il^ii uf Iting MohHiHin, aa II waa
miw #Rl iilMi.mln Hiih great ii^rmlor and
iniiKn|li<ani« aii<l whin Ihr faatital waa amiad,
Ihtv want nnl into Iha'inuulr), awl puraail II,
•ml iltanaail tha .lly uf all iha lailliillnauf lilnia,
rk« kiait ulati !(••• urdar that ika ilatly »»ftHt%
•hniihl lia iilft rad, at bia own rk«r||ra, and ac-
i-nrillii|| III Iha law) and ap|H>nilril llial iha lithaa
•1^ Ihti Aral friiila •houhl uajiitan by Iha uiuhi-
iHiUi tn Iha prtaala nail l,««llaa, thai thajr might
i'nn>taMlt) attiml n|Hm ilirinn Mittlra, and navar
Ita liikrti off from tha wnr>lilp of D.hI Ariunl-
iiikIi, Iha iinltiliiila hriiii||til tiiirlhar all aiMUuf
ihrir IVuila In Iha ^riaiU And Inr liftltaa. Tha
kitiK alan niada Kai'n. r« aiiii ni'apla. Wa for lliai
fruila, nnil diatriliiitail llimt tn arary una of
pritala ami I,a|tl4*. and lo thair rhiklrai
wivat, Ami JLia dlil thai raturn lo tha
fn^ni iif diaiflBHirdiip. Now whan Ih
had »rllli'd tfSW» nmllvra allar Iha maUi
rawly ijrM riliail, ha nliailt' war u|Min thi
tinaa, and liaal thani, ami peaaraaad bin
hII lb*' anaiutia* rilira rnim (lata In tSalhi' but
tha ktnK ■>' Aaayri* •rot In him, and thraaianait
to ovrrluni all bia duinii^iun<,.ual.aa hr wnuld
pay bini tha Irilinta whiili hi* fnlhtr |iaid him
foriuarly; but kint( lladkiah waa nut riinrrrnad
tl hit tlirrnlaniuK«, but di iirmlrd on bia pialy
lywanla timl, and u|Min Iwinli tha prophal, by-
lAiiHU ha in<|uirrd, nnd ni'i'MrnI) Iv knaw all fu'
tbVr rvrnta. And ihiia miN h nhiJl aninca lur Iha
praaant com'trning Ihi* kitu llrtakiuh.
,,. CHAI'. XIV.
_. .S'Aa/ainnrrrr look Saiharia by Fartt, ind
hum ht Irmntflnnhd Ih* Trn Trihti iM9 Ml-
ilia.atiJ broughl (A< A'aliimn/lht CulktMM
iitto ihiir Vimitlty [in llitir Knaai.']
} I. WiiKNybalninni'irr, thr kinc of Aiayrla.
hnil it lidil him, lhal [ lluahra, j Iha kiiic of iaraal
hnd iic.nt (irivairly lu Mo, IIh; kiiiK nf rlgypl, lia-
■irlnit hi> aiai.tancn a|;aiii>l him, l^ki»»a «ary
iiiiKry, ami madr aa riiiadilina acainal Samaria,
in till' •avrntb yrAr nf tna rririi ol lloahca; bill
wbrn ha wa* not admittad [into tha city] by Iha
king, ba b«*iogcd Samaria Ibraa yaart.* Had
anail npnn thalr diaohadlahra, Lar. iitI. W; Raat.
iitIII. S:^— .17, and aa waa aTiinAIMiad In Iba nihar
■liortar alafaa of Imth ti a rapictl rlllaa, Jariiaalrai
ami Hamarla.iha ftfrtrarmanllnnad Jar.
k. II. ehapltr It. afct. 4; and llM laittr
(li. 9, Antl^
, • Klaga *{.
t
.♦ t
drail
»
I
iMk it tff !»**• Nk iM
NMlkM. »m4 I* Ik* •
INhi Of i*'«**
!•«•*<••••*•< »(
•II th« |>»'i(i
«ll>im h> «f»ki
f M^H«J|Ar>t*.) IMA
- ^gpHHjMn lara.lllrl
tMI« ■>' -
««T> (•iwa fwt Ml I hi Uiwl til k'f)!|>*. (wl M*>*-
MmmI Ih^moUfa nf Ihia ri<iinlry IihI xiht kwH
ilfvil )••>• alUr J.xhno kiul lM«n l)i«lr lr«l«r,
MmI, m I b«i« iilr)rail|r iillMrtol, Im» hmMlri'tl
irnt (utijr f*»n> ••«•• Miuilk*. awl M«'n lU;*,
•Afr lk«y h*4 ni«iilli«l rriHH lt>h»lHMiii, lh«
|r|mlMW ni lUiul, •imI kwl |t>«H Ihr kiii|iliiiM
iwllairiilKxin AikI tmtk m »••»• liiatun u««|rtiHik
Ika T>r»«lti». «li«ii Itl'f Hwl lr»n<grt<M>l th«
!•«*, anil wnHlii (Mil k«ark«H t>i lh« |»<i|>h>«<,
wku dtraldl)! Ikat ihia ralamiljr w>>hI<I «■«■• ii|i>Tn
Ikalil, if lk«« l»ilHl>t MM< l««ta «<t Ikatr ••)! ilo
lull. Wkal gata iilHll lit Ihaw atll iIoIiik* waa
thai •atlillon nkkli Ik^ kaal »)•••< agaimt H>
j|«l».A>n, IliK ■raiul«in of lla>l<l, wrhrii Ihay mI
up JrriflMwni, >ii< aKrvanl, In Im Ikoir kiii*. ttku,
bjr atnittHB againal Uml, ami lirlnginii ttiam l»
ImiUI* kla )«•< atKitipU, nia<l« tiuii lu t>« ihalr
miaiiiy. wkila '•miNiaiii undarwaiil thai timittk'
■wnl nhli h h* J'l'llv ilrMtrvnl
1. AimI H'iw th' »'"« "f AM»rl« iinaiUil all
Ayrl* anJ rkwnuia >u » k4»liU niainiar. I'hr
Mm* ul Ikta kinK la alxt Ml \Umlt In Ihc an^kixia
ol'Vyrr. for ha maila an ajiiailutnn afalnat Tjir*,
III Ika raifn ii( ^'liilana , simI MrinmUr allrdt In
i«, who, whan hr wrtila hU (.tirnn<ilo|>, ami
lranalal>iMh« arrhivaa of Tjrra into llw Ur#»k
lanKiinK*, im* iia iha fullirainK hwlnrjr i "Una
«h<M< liaiiiawaa l>;liil«ua,r>i|Mail thirty all yrara
Ikia kiMK, u|M)« Ik* r«««tt ul th* Cillatna, ■aail"
worn ix.-ctup. inr. wM
• ^atin xf AifMaiM4 ktill mMk | | > » » a a»«W tklfa. Ml4 alaM
MxAMk, liiiiHln4 man I* r»« tkami awl vk*!! tka T|;
( ita t,
*(t M*«*k**k,
l,.|i..l Ika
»i4|iJ'tn<a«l
t%i». aiMnnc
I whan kaa
Ikalf ImhI,
.n«t ••( Catkak, •
^ ♦ tt^mf til tk*l
^maMa, awl Inln Ika
Sn Iha Ian llllwa nf Ika
•ml III Jixtra mna Hwa
■rftii
n»n, a»*i ika r*|^aiaii**«i m Aw
la «aa Ikaraky twraaaiHl. kiM
• >«l«»Hai|, mm! Iikaa.l aiMnl*
In lh*in, aiiit raitiiml lluin aKnin lu lUtM
•ion Axainat Ihaaa iliil iha kiiiK •>! AaayrW
■n ataiy. ami ul a hnallla niNiiiM r
■II l*h<»nii la, hill iriinn mail* paar
»». am
I
iltitiiiiii
M-ml
hr viT«-rrwn
wiKh ihtni
ami
latuMiiul Jpi||i hut ^«illnn iind A
^, rvi/nnriT', ami inanv nlhir i ilina (h< ri'
SpiH^i'h ilalitf rral ihriiiavlirr* up III (ha kiiiK
of Aaayria. Ai-niriliiiRly. whan 'he I'yriiMia
wonlil nol aiiliniit In hiiiK Iha kins rilnrnrw, aiKl
M ttpvn ikain again, whila ihc rii>v»j< ian* tiaU
taiM hllal i.iWa «(iai« IkalH In l««l«( akliM, aM
III* •■•■iiiaa akip aata >li<|i*#a»<l, ik*)! tiHik (aj
llanilratt iat*H iialai
Ika rtlMaaa al Ifia
tk« kuic >if *«a)*M >«ia»Haif, MMI I
al Ika riOf ami a<|<i«ilMila, »k» akitMbl ■(•laf
iha I'yaiaayfumi ilriavinA laalaf Ikia rnaljMi**
lit taa laara. ami ilill Ika ly^ktna In*** It*
•taga, ami ilrank uf Ika wataf that kwl ittti <tl \k»
walla ikay ilna " ht>4 Ihia la wkat la laftllaii M
Ika Tydan ankltaa (aHWafnlnf Kkalmaaata* Iha
king nf Aaajrfta ,
,1 Hal min Iha I'lilkaana, «k« ramnnnl lalM
•Ifntaria, (for tkal la Ika MNMa iMf hara kaan
>all«il hi IM Ikia lim»,liarai»aa Ikay Kafa linntghl
uitl uf tka rnuHlry rallail t;«lkak, «h»h la •
rnvnlry «f I'anw. ami lha»a la • n«a» «l lk» aama
nama IM I*,) aaa k ul Ihani, af«i.«ll»g l.i ih.tf h*.
lioiM, takti'h w.ra In numliar »»a, limnghl Ihalf
nwa gwla Inln Samaria, ami hjt iaiirahi|i|ila(|
Ihara, a« WM Ika raalnm uf Ikair uitla •■WHUlaa.
Ihay Miiaukail Almigklf Uml In ba »»ttf Mil
illa|Haaaail al Ikiuii tut a )>l«(Ma aaiiail hJmM
lUm, li> whlih lh»» Wrra "l«al»">»'li •»! "wall
lka« Inumi lilt rwta ^ir ihair miK riaa, Ihi ) IrHm*
ril by Ihr nraria Ihul thay nngkl In wufahlii Al-
niighlylliMl.aatk* uirlfcutl lur ihrrr ita lit* famw.
^u Iha'y wnl anilMaaaiUira In Ihr king nl Aaatrhli
anil ilrairail hiai In aami Ihmi uima ul Ihnaa
|iri«ala III Iha lararlilaa whiini hf bml takrn ra»
li¥a Ami lahrn ha iharai)|NiM aaiil ihaiH.Mil IM
iwgiilo wani hy Iham laUKkl Ilia lawa, Mul lk«
liiily ««nrahl|i ul IIihI, Ihay wurahl|i|nil kim in g
rrt|iaiilul liiannrr, ami Iha |ilngH* iiaaail i|iini«>
iliaUly ) anil liiilaaal ihiy innliiiun lu ni>iku u«*
III ihn «<>ry ninir • uainuia In Ihia tiry tluir, aifil
nra rallail in iha llrhraw Inngnr I'Mlhaiiiia, bul
in ika llraak luiigHa Hiinnrilnna. Ami whan
Ihay ara Iha Jawa la iinMnmniy, Ihay (iritiMul
Ihal ihay ara i jiaiigail, ami alkail lu ihini, wml
I all Ihnn kinauirn, aa ihnugh Iha) wara ili'ri»ail
Iriiin jiia«|>h, ami hail hy lhal ina-ani an nrlgiiml
alllaiira wilh Ihrnii tint whrn Ihay ••* Ihaiii fall*
liig Inin a lim rnmlilinn, ihay any ih*) urr te-
Way ralalril lu Ihain, Hftil lhal Ihr Jtwa h.itr Vi
righl Ik ai|Wrrl any kintln«a« <" iiiUfla nf kimlrad
Iriiui Iham, Iml Ihay ilarlara llial l»y Kia •»'
jiuirnam. lhal t.nma from ulhi r ruiiidri. a llnl
,il ^b$»f mi aliall hnar a niura aaaaunalila u|i|iM^
m ijiy to tliacouraa hcrvaflar.
^ BOOK X.
CONTAININa THR IMTIIIIVAI. orftSK llliNin8K» AMU KIOHTV TWO YBA«II AND A HAW
rKOM TIIK CAfTIVITV OK •BTIIK TKN TVIHKM TO TIIK KIKHt OK t'Vtim.
-V—
CIIAI^. t.
l/oui .^raiMrkfrtk imufa an fUprdiUon ngainil
ilttikimk I vtkml TkrtmttHinic Hahthakrh mad*
kofintkiakviktnfltHMaekinhmiKonrafaiiut
tkt h'/nfliitnn; kow /«al«A Ikt f'ropkil menu-
rariifkiiH; knm Sttinmrktrih, having /niltj
ilfflueeiit in t'fyfl, rrlumtd Ihtnct lo Jiru-
laltm; nnd how, npim hit finding hil Armif
dnlrmjtd. ht rtliirned komti andwAol h'f'U
kim m litllt t^fltrvard.
\ I. It wh now Ihr lourltanth year ol Iha
fa*tr(inianl of llcickiah, king nf Iba Iwo Irlbai,
whan Iba king of Auylia, whoaa naiiw wu Han-
■acharib. maile hh>tp*Hiiiim nfpiiiiat him itilh a
great army, anil t'ink all thr rilira of Ihc tribe
of Juilnh anil llriijuniin hy fiirrn ; anil whan ha
«r» rr.aily to lirInK bia amijr agfalnil Jrruaklent,
HMfkiah Mint anihaatMlon lo bini b<tfor«haod,
ami proniiacd lo aiihnilt, arid pay wbtl Iribnla
ha ihould appoini, I lcr«upon Hconacberib, whan
■ff*
Naliaanl of «bal (iMani'lhc amhaaaadnr* niada.
rmulml iinl lu procrwl in tbr war, but lu airrciil
uf Iha pru|maaki that ware mwli' hiini and if b*
niittlit rerrrtf Ihrar hiitlilrrd tnli'nia uf lilvcr,
and th.trtiT taliaiia nl Rulit, hr |irnniiaad lhal he
K^mIiI depart in a fricuifly miBIMK and be gar*
•«curM7 HPO" "■*** '" '*"' •■"bnaaadnra lhal h«
wuhUI then <la him nu harm, liut go away aa ha
i-iiiiic. Ho llrtrkiah aiiliiiiill'il. ami auiptlnl hia
Iriiiaurca, ami »*ilt tin- iimna-y, aa aupiHiaiiig ha
•hoiild Iw freed from liia 'ufniy, and from any
further diatrcaa about hi* kitlgduiu. AiX-ordin^
ly, the Aaavrian king tonk it, and ral had iln re-
fjanl lo what h« had proitiiawh but whila ha
limaalf want lo the war agaiait the Kgypliana
and Klhiopiana, he left hia gem ral Kaliahakah.
and Iwo other i uniinnnden, wilh great fnrrra. to
dralroy Jeruaabin. The nainea of Ilia Iwo othar
conaniamlan were Tartan and Kabaaria.
3. Now, ai luon aa Ihejr wcra rum« hefora tfeg
walU, Ihay pifhed Ibeir caiii|). and lent iiirtMB-
t
r
TV
aoi.
ANTIQUITIES OF TIIE JEWS.
'^'
gnn Id IKiaktah, and tlciirrd Ihiit they niif(ht
ipiiik ullh litni; tuil h« iliil not iriini«ll' cuiiir
out 1<> llirnl Cor fear, bu| Imi itnt tlirec ol' hiH iiiott
liit.iiiate iMi'iiili; the nuiiie ol t>ne wan Khakiiii,
ifjiu wat over the kin;r(loiii, anil Sliubna, iiiid
Jouh, the r<!i;oril«ri Su tn«Ae nuu r.iiine out.anil
atouii iivi't aKaiiiit the cnniiiiiiiiilr^ii uf the Am-
riuii army I Hiiil wh«ii Kiil»huki'h saw them, lie
baite them go aiiil aprnk to iUrrkiah in the
niaiinrr tuHuwinfi;: that " Sinnaithel-ib, the great
king," ileiirca tu know of hhii, on whom it ii that
l)c i'i'lic'8 uihI ilt'|>en()a in flyiri)^ Irom hia lord, and
will not hear him, nor admit hi* army into tlic
cityl In it on account of the I')|q ptiaiiK, and in
hoiieji that his limiy ivould be iiintcn by tliriii?
Wncrcuiioqihe lets liiin know, thai if this'be what
hf rx)MCta,lieit a foblisti man, and liki; One who
leaiia on a broken reed, while KiK'h a one will not
only full down; but will have his hand picn-ed and
• hurt by i(. 'I'hnt he ought to know he makes this
expedition aKainst him by the will of God, who
hath granted this favor to him, that he shall
overthrow the kingdiiiii of Israel, and that in the
Very same nianner'he ^llHll destroy. those that are
his nubjects also." When Uabsl'uikch had made
. ' this speech In the Hebrew tongue, fur lie was
akilful in tliat langiiatre, Kliakiiii wai afraid lest
the iimltilude that liiard him should lii'iliiiturbed,
to he desired luiii to speak in the .Syi-iiiii tongue;
but.tho |;eneral, undcrHtatidinffwhiit he meant, ami
perceivino; the fear that he tva^ in, he made his
answer with. a greater and a louder voire, hut in
the Hebrew tongue; an# said, that ." sine*: they
all beard what Mere the king's rpiuniniids, they
would consult th«ir own advantage in delivering
up themselves to us; fur it is plain that both
you and vour king dissuade the people Iroin sub-
uiitting )iy vaiii liupes, ami so induce tliem tu
resist: but if yon be i;ourageous, and think to
diriv«>our finres iiway, I uni Teady to deliver to
you two tlioueand of these horses that are with
line, tiiir your use, if you can set as many lioi'se-
lucu on their backs, and show your strength : but
tvliat you have nut, you cannot^ produce.' Why
therefore do you delay to dttivt-r up yonrselves
to a superior force, who caii tfkc you Without
your cunsent, although it will be safer for yon
to deliver yonrselvt a up volniitarily, while a for-
cible capture, when you are lieateui must appear
more dangcrou.', and will bring' further caluiui-
_, ties upon you i"
3. vV'lK'n the people, as well as the aiiibassa-
dbrs, heard what the Assyrian comman>'er said,
tliey related it to Hexekndi, who tliereiipnn put
oil his royal apparel, and clothed himself with
xackrioth, and took the hahit of a mourner; and,
after the manner of his country; he fill upon bis
* face, and besuiight liod, and entreiitud liim to'
assist them, now they had no other- hope of re*
lief. He alip sent soiiie of his friends, and soiiie
' of the priests, to the prophet Isaiah, and desired
that he woulil pray to God, and offer sacrilicea
for their coniinon ileliverance, anil so put iip eup-
plications to him, that he would have indignation
at the expectations of .their enemies, and have
mercy upon his people. And when the prophet
had done accordingly, an oracle canie from God
to him, and encouraged the king and his friends
that were about hiiii; and foretold, that "their
enemies should be beaten without fiL;hting, and
* This title of nrrnf £'ia,7,l!0:h in oiirBililei, SKings
xviii. 10; laatali \x.\vi. 4: aiiit licrn iii Josppliiia, is the
very annic that Ilrroiloiii!< zivrn thin Scnnaclicrih', a^
Bpanhciin takes notircon this pincc.
tW'lini Joseplius flays l<ere, liow Isaiah the prophet
assuieil Hi'zckiah, that " at tills liaic he slioiilil nut be
lieaicKeil hy tliiikiiiu'of AsayriM; tli:a tor thi; I'liturcbt
might I e secure uf liehig liol at all ilistiirlied liy hihi; and
that [anciw^iril] Ilia (lieopie iniclitRo on pcncealily and
'Without fear willi tlii'irhushandry anil other iiirnirs," is
nftjre ilisliart in oar other ropies, |iotll of tlie Kiiif^ and
— o f I o nian, and dow r v oa v e ryfa'r i'n t chn s id ii rat i un. Th e
should go Bwa^ in an ignominioui manner, and
not lyitn that itisolrncn wliirb they now show;
for that Uod would lake rare that they shoiild
be destroyed." He also foretolil; that •' Senna-
cherih the king of Assyria should fidl of his pur>
p»n against Kgypt, and that when he ciime home
he ihnuld perish by the swiird."
4. About the saihe time also the king nf Ai>
ayria wrote an epistle to lleiekiah, in which h«
laiil, " He was a foolish man In oupposing that h«
should eicape from being his servant, since be
had already brought under luany and great na-
tions: and ne'threateiied, that when he took him.
he would utterly destroy him, unless he now
openeil the gates, and willingly rt^ceived hii
army into Jerusalem." When he read this
epistle, he de^pisiil it on account of the trust
that he had in (iod; hut he rolled up tlie epistle,
and laid it up wilhln the tei1»|ile. And as he
niade^hls farther prayers to Uod for the city;and
for the preservation of all the people, the prophet
Isaiah said, that " tjoil had heard his prayer, and
that he should not bef besieged at tliis'time by
the kin«; of Ai(.syria3 and that for the future lie
might be secure of not being nf all diMturlMd by
him; and that the people might goon peace-
ably, and without fenr, with their husbandry and
othW uiliiirs." liiit after a Utile while,. the king
of Assyria,' when' he had fulled of his Ireachirous
designs iigainst the Kgyptlaiis, returned home
without success, oii. I he" following occasion: He-
spent a long time in the siege of Pehfium; aAd
vvhen the li:inks that he had raised over against
tile walls were of a great heieht, and when he
was ready to make an itnineilltile iissault upon
thi>ni, hiit'hiard tiiat Tirhaka, king of the Kthio-
plans, was coming, aiid. bringing great forces to
aid the Kgyptlaiis, and Wiis re»olved to mvch
thrpugb the desert, and so fall directly upon
the Assyrians, this kiiig Sennacherib was di»-
tnrhed at the news, and, as I snid before, left Fe-
lusiuniBiid returiM'd back without success. Alow,
concerning this Sennacherib, Herodotus aUo
savs, in the second, bool; of Ills Histories, " How
this king came ngai'n»t the Kgyptiaii king, who
was the prietl of Vulcan; and that, as he was be-
sieging I'rlusiuiii, he broke up the, siege oh the
following occasion: thi.s Kgyptian prief.t prayed
to God; and God heard his )iriiyer, and sent a
iiidgmrnt u|Kin the Arabian king." liut in thia
Herodotus was mistaken, when he called'thls
king, not the king of the Assyrians, but of the
Anibiaifs: for he salth, that *' a multitude of
niiee gnawed to piecefr in one night both the bowa
and the rest of the armor of tift> Assyrians, and
that it was on that account that the king, wlien
he had no bows li ft, drew ofl' Ills, army from I'e-
liisium." And Herodotus does indeed give us
this history; nay,und IJerpsus, who wrote of the
affairs of Chaldea, makes mention of this king
Sennacherib, and that he riilejl over the. Assyri-
ans; ai;d that he made an expedition against all
Asia and Kgypt ; and says thus:(.
5. "'Now when Sennacherib Was returning from
liis Kgypli.in war to Jerusalem, he found his arinV
under Rabshakeh, his gtAernI, in danger [by<i
plague,] for God had sent a pestilential disti'ni-
per Upon his ariiir; and on the very first night
of the siege, a hundred fourscore* and five thou-
sand, with their captains and generals, were de-
eat this year such as )>roweth qf ItselH ami thc^erond
yeartllat which apriiificili of tlio same; and in thetliird
ycir sowje nnd reap, and pl:lnt.viiievT'/il.-i,ui»i eat the
fruit thereof." 2 Kings xix. St»; Isit. xxlxuji. 30; which
aeeni to me plaivtiy to dcBiuii a acA/fHtir i;r/ir, u iifar of
Jubilet next after it, and the su rcediiic usual laltort
aad fruits of them on the third and folluwini; years.
(That thia terrihio calamity of ihc stauuhler of tha
185,000 Aatyriana ia hqrc delivered in the words of
Itcrosus the Chaldean, and tlinl it w.xs certainly and
fiP'c<|Ucntly foretold hv the Jewish prnplets, and that
V.
K-:
U ^ vn a cwr lflihly nwd un d oniftbly ac c oiin i li n .'nid, ■ »•
Aiiltiont RM^-'nnrt ii flinn> HTLH] ■ ■ ' <
ttnfl
in ■ t
in gre
rest o
city i
little '
died I
lech I
pie, V
of hi)
der ol
Anne
of Se
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the pi
How
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the
after
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his pi
some
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gent
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the ]
nogi
fricni
was
der*t
he wi
hiab
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thoui
self,
his 1
dren
he h
mere
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supp
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nor
have
have
after
and
"W
hia
year
Jiovi
t\
Senn
hciid
Gem
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tJ
liezc
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— re«
Wordiurethesc: "Tlii«ahallbca9ignunlotllee;jfc8UalI
Auth«nt. KeCi part ii. pageKig:
(Voii
old
".^
BOOK X-CHAP. 11,
206
Mr
•troytd. So the king wu in « f(nitt drcsd, mid
in ■ terrible aKon^ at thi> calmuity ; and being
in grrat tear for hii whule aniiy, III: tied with the
rtitt of hii furcet to hit own kingdom, and to hii
city Ainflveh; and wheii h« liud iibod» there a
iitlli! while, he wai treiicli<;;ou>l) iiuMultrd, and
died by the hiinda of hit ctitir Dinm,* Adruuinie-
lech and Serawr, nod \ra; iiluin in hi* own tem-
ple, which Wan calkd yirfufce. Now theac •ooi
of' hia were driven°Hway,ion account of the mur-
der of their fiithor, by tW cjtinn-^ uiiil went into
Arini'iiin, whil(! A««unicli{i(ldtti), tdiik the kingdom
of Sennacherib." And 'thin proved to lie the
rouclu.siqn of thi* Aaiiyrian eupc'dilian againiit
the people of Jeruialein.
CHAP. II.
How Hettiiah vrni riek and rcajy to die-; and
how God bellowed vpon him Jffleen Year'i
longer L{fe, [and secured that Promiie,] by
Iht going- back «f Ihe Shadow ten Dfgreti.
} I. Now king Hcr.ekinh being fhuf delivered,
after a. Burjiriaiiig manner, I'roin th>! ilread he
. wifs in;6H'ercd tnank-olieringii to Ood, with all
hia people, becnuie nothing cUe had dialroyeil
aonie of their eneiniei, nud inailc th<! rest so Uar-
ful of undergoing the aanie fate, that they de-
parted from JeruaaUni, biit that divine assiitt-
anre: yet. while he wan very lealona and dili-
gent obouttheworshipof God, diifhe li^un after-
ward fall into a severe disteiuuer, ina^ij^ch that
the phyaiciana deiipaired of fliin, andv^Xperled
no good iaaue of hia sickiieaa, aa neither did bin
friemlait and beaidcii the distemper itself, there
was a very melancholy circuiiiBtun'-e that diaor-
dered the king; which was the conaiderstion that
' he.was childleaa, and was going to die, and leave
. his faoutc and hia goTermiicnt without a succea-
' gor of hia own body ; >o he was troubled at the
thoughtaof this hia c6bditjon,und lamented him-
self, and entreated of (iod that ho would prolong
hia life for » lidle while, till he had aoroe chil-
dren) and not aufler him to .d< nart this life before
he had bccitniu a father. Hereupon God Jiad
mercy upon him, and ncrepti^d of hia supplica-
tion, because the trouble lie was under at hh
supposed death. was not because he wag soort to
leave the advantages he enjoyed in the kingdom;
nor did ho on that account pray that he might
have n longer life afforded liim, but in order to
have sons, that might receive Ihe government
after him. And dod. s<>iit laainh the prophet,
and comnianded'him to inform Hezekiah, tliat
*' VV'ithin three days' time he should gel clear of
bis distemper, and should survive it Al'letn
years, and that he should have children alao."
Wow, upon the prophet's saying tbi.a, as God had
commanded him, he could hardly believe it|
both on account of the diateni|ier he w^s under>
wiiirh was very sure, and by reason of Ihe Mil*,
priaing nature of what waa tuhl b>m, so- he de-
aired that laniah would give him aonie signoi:
wonder, that he might btlieve hiui in what n«
had said, and be aellaible that ho runie iron
God: for things that lire beyc^xid expti'lHtloo,
and greiilcr than our hopes, are made rriiJil le by
actions of like nature. And when laii:ih had
aaktd him what sign he deaiieil to be exhiliitid.
he desired that he ahould make llie ahai' jw of
the sun, which he had already made t^. m> down '
(en stepa [or degrees] in Ilia houm, to riturn
•gain to the same place, iin>l to ni.ilH it ai i( was
liefore.t And when the prophet prayed to liod
to exbihit this aign to thi' king, lies'aw wlial he "
desired to sec, and was freed tiiini hia dialeuipiir,.
and went up to the temple, whtre lie worshipped
God, «nd made vows to him.
2. At this time it was thai the dominion of (he
Aaayrians was overthrown by the Mede«.;| but
of these thingt 1 shall treat I Ni.where., liut the
king of lial)y1on,'whoHe name was I'aladan, tent
aiubaasadors to Heitl^inh, with preaeniK, and
desired he would be hi>< ally nnd hia friend. iSo
he received ti>e nmbaaandois gindit, and made
Ihcni a feaitt, and showecl, them |ii» treamies,
and his armory, and (lie olbtr wiidtli he wa*
poaaesaed of, in precious stones, and in.golvl, and
gave them prcaenta to be carried to Uala(lun,and
sent them back to hiin. lJ|'.on which llift pro-
phet ;laaiat»i came to hini, and im|uireil of him,
" VV'Ucfico t)ioac anibnaaadors ramtjf " To which
hi! repri»;d, that " they ciiiiie from Uubyloii, from
the king; mid. that he had ahowedlhem all be hud,
that by die sight of hia riches and forces they
might (hereby guess at [the plen(y he was in,]
and be able to inlVinn the king of It." But th«
prophet rejoined, and said, "Know thou, that,
after a little while, these riches of (hine shall be
carried away to Babylon, and thy poatei'ilv shall
be made eunuclis theVe, niid Ijae their manhood,
nnd be servants to the king of liabylon, for that
God foretold such tiling!* would come to pass."
Upon which w.>rila ilezekiali ivna troubled, and
said, that "he wna hini^df unwilling tiiat hi*
nation almuld fall into such calaniitiea; yet aince
it is not possible (o alter what God hiid deter-
mined, tic prayed that there might be peace
while he lived." Herosua bI>io juakrs mention
of thia Daladan king of Babylon, Mow as to
this prophet, [lauiih,] he ivas, by (he confesnion
of all, a divine and wonderl'u^ man in spe,a|png.^
truth; anil out of the assurance Ihatjic had ifl vcr
nritien what was false, he wrote down all hit
priiphel'ies, and left them behind him in books,
that their arconipliylinient might bu judged of
♦ Wearc lierc to lake no'ire, tliat tliiwc iwo'soiw of
Senaarlicril), that r.in away into Armenia. I'CcaiiK' tlic
. Iicatis of two famous families there, Ihe .■VrKfTiiiiiiand.
Gcnunii, of whii'li see llie partiriilar liiaturies bi .Moses
Choroiienaia p. (Ml.
t Jnaenlms and all our copies plarc the .t'elineif of
Hezekiah after the i/ciifriictiuM of Heiinarljerili's armf.
liccausaitHppearsloliavclicenatVerhi8tirstns8nult,Ds<Mt first forwuril nsit was iiiailo lu ^o backward cfter
he was noinx into Arahia and GKypi, wlieri) IK! pushed
hi;! roa<inest9 .18 far as they would cO.Aiiitin order to
desnatcli liis story nhofctlier; yet does no ropy tint this
nfJoFeplius any it was i//f«r that d«stnirtinu,l:ut only
that it liappciied in thour dayn, or nliuut tlidt time of
lle/«kiairs life. Nor will the fifteen years' proloiiiia-
tlonof his life after his sii'kneiiB allow tliat sickness to
have l:cen later than Hie former pan oftlip l.lth year of
Ws rcisn, aiarc rhroiiolo/v does not allow him in all
above M years nnd a few months, whereas the first na-
■autt ofHennarheriliWMsintlie l-lth year of Hezekiah,
but the dcBirnctioii of dciinachcrili's army was not tUI
bblRthyear.
t As to this repress of the shadqw, either upon a sun-
dial or thcsteps of Hie royal palace huiltliy Ahnz, who:
ther it were physically done >'y llio real mirarulons
r e volution of th e eart li in i t s diurnal motion harkward
were not apparent only, and performed by en aerial
plrosplior<i8,whii-liiiiiitaled llie sail's iiioiionliarkward,
while a cloud hid t!ic real sun, rnnnnt Fe deteij|u4icd.
I'hilosopliers and astronomers will nntnnilly inrmje to
the latter liypotlieais. How>'ver, it iinist lie noteinliitt
Josephua seems to have nnderstnnd itotberwifie than we
generally do, that Ihe sl:uiIo|v wiisatreleriitcdasmuch
ward, and so the day was neither loiiiter norsliorter
than nsiiaf, whirh, it must Inj mnfivsi'd, jicrcrs best of
all to astronomy, whose enliwi's older than that time
were observed at the same time of the (lav ns if this
mirarlc had never Imiipeiied. After all, tliis wonder-
ful s^igiiill was not, it 8ecm<i, neruliar to Judea, but eit lier
seen, or nt least heard of, at lliiby'on also, ns appears
hv2 Chron. xwU. :il, where we Idarn that tic fiahylo-
n1an nmhiissailora were sent to llezcRl.ih, nmoni; other
thin|pi,'(T inifwrepftheiri}H*irrthut ipa» '/owe iti r lie limit.
II Tliiaexpression of Joscphiia. thai the :\ledes,npoii thi*.
de»trurlion of the Assyrian linny, uv erth re irthi: Assy-
rian empire, seems to lie too atro'ii;; for altboai-'li tliey
immediately rastolTtiio Assyrian yake,aiul setnpDel-
oces, a kint; of their own, yet it was some liiiie liefor*
the Medosnnd Ba'iyloiiians Overtlirew .Mneveh, and
8 i ne gcnc r al i n i i n li re the Medo e nnd Per s ian " , und e r
I
I
(Vom east i6 west for a while, and its return acnin to its Oynxcrea and Cynia, overthrow the Asiyrian or Baby-
old luturalrevohition from wcstto east, or whether it Ionian empire, nnd took Babylon
"^'..,
■ w>*
toe
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
from iKe cventj, bjrnoitefity; nor did thii pro-
phfl flo to alone, nut the fillers, whic)t w<ir«
tweUe in number, iliii tlie liim^. And wh»tiu-
•rer ii done mnong us, whetlivr it be good, or
wliethir it h« bad, conieii lo pain acconling to
lluir iiroiilipclea: but ol' every one of tbete we
iliall ipeak hervul'ter.
CHAP. lil.
How Mana$ieh rciffiteJ ajjer Iferekiah; and
Aniii, tehtn hr i/'uj in (iiptivily, lie rehirnid lo
Olid, and tiia.t reilofiU to hii Kingdom, atul
lift il lo yda Sin] Mmon.
J 1. WiiBH Itiii^ ili'witlah liad lurvived the
initTvsl ol' time already iiit'ntii>ncd, and had
d\' L'll nil Ihiit lime in pence, he died, liiivinfc
coniiiletcd /illy-fuur yearn of hi* IjI'u, and reitned
twiiily-iiini': hut when his ann ^tanllS8eh, whose
inot'ier's nninr wuh Hiplizibah, of Jerusalem,
hiid luken the Itiiigduin, he dejiurled from tlie
conduct of his t'ulher, and fell into a course of
life quite contrary thereto, and Hhowed himself
in Ins manners nioit wicked in all respects, and
bmittei! no sort of iuipiely, but imitated those
triiifgrcssions of the Israelites, by tlie comuiis-
iion of which against 0<kI they ftftrl hern desi rov-
ed: for he wi.s sn hurdy as to df tile the teniple
of (lod, ond tlie city, and tli« ivhoje country; for
by setting oiit from a contempt of iiod, he bar-
barously slew ull ihe riglitrous men wlio were
amiing trie Hebrews; nor would he spare the
■ prci;)iitt8, 1'or he every day sliiv some of ihem, till
Jerusalem was overHown with blood. So God was
angry nt these proceedings, and sent prophets' to
the king, and to the midtitudi, by wliom he
(hrenteiied tlic very same calaniitii's to them,
which their brethren, the Israilites, upon the
like . airronts oll'ered to God, were now under.
But these luen would not believe their words, by
which b< lief they might have reaped the advan-
. tage of escaping all tiiosn niiscriea; yet did they
in earnest learn that what tiie prophets had told,
tliem was true.
2. And when they persevered in the same
course of lire, tio'l ii'ised up war against tlitni
fniiii the king of Khiiylon sud (^hiildea, who sent
an arm v against 'J uuea, and laid waste the coun-
try^ nhil caught ki^ng iManasseh by treachery, )ind
onleretl hin> to be brought to him, and Imd him
under his power to inllict what punishment he
pleaded upon hilK' Hut then it was I'lal Ma-
passeh perceived what a miserable condition he
wa!^ in, and esteeming himself the cause of ajl,
he beSoupht (iod to render his enemy humane
and nierrit'ul lo him. Accordingly God heard his
prayer, and granted him what he |)rayed for. So
Munasseh who released by the king of Babylon,
and escaped the dunger he was in; uiiil when he
Vai. come to JerusiiU'm, he endeavored, if it
were possible, to cast out of his memory those
bis former sins agaiifst God, of which he now re-
fiented, and to apply himself to a very religious
ifc. He sanrlilied tlu: temple, a(id purgeu the
city, and for the remainder of his <iays he was
intent, on nothing but to return his thanks to
God, for hia deliverance, and to preserve him
' propitious to him a'l his life long. He also in-
structed tlie multitude to do the same, as having
very nearly experienced what a calamity he was
fallen into hy a contrary conduct. He also re-
built the altar, and ofl'eied the legal sacrifices, as
Moses commanded. And when he had re-esta-
blislied what concerned the divine worship, as it
Aught t6 h6, he tooli cure of the security of Je-
■ rusalcm; he did not only repair the old walls
with great diligence, but ailded another wall to
the former. He also built very lofty tower.'', and
the garrisoned places before the city he strength-
W i ed, n ot only in »lhr| r espects, but with pro-
visions of all sorts that they wanted. And indeed,
wht n he had changed bis former course, he so
led hia life for the lima to come, thai, from iha
time of hia return to piety towards Gml, h« waa
deelned a happy miin and a pattern for imilhtiun.
When, therefore, he had lived sinly-seven years;
h«j||part«d this lilie, having reigned Klty-five
ynK and was buried in his own garden; and
thistingdoni came to hia son Anion, whose nio-
ther'a name was MtthuUmtlh, of the city of Jot-
bath.
CHAP. IV. ■■ ' ^
How JImon rtigntd iiislead of Manat$th; ant
o/lerJlmon rciftudJo$iah; he wa> bolh rirhl-
eoii$ and rrlieioiit, A$ alio concerning Hid-
dah the Proynelets.
it. Tills Anion imitated thoae worka of his
father which he insolently did when he was
young: so lie had n conspiracy made against
liiiii liy his own servants, and was slain in his
own house, when he had lived twenty-four
'yi:ar8, and of Iheni had reigued twoi but the
multitude punished those that slew Anion, and
buried him with his father, and gave llie kiiigdniii
to his son Jusinb, who was eight years old. His
mother was of the city of ISoscath; and her liaine
was Jedidah. He was of a most ei^cellenl ilispo-
silion, and naturally virtuous, and followed the
actions of king David, as a pattern and a rule to
him in the whole conduct ol his life. And whdh
he ivas twelve years old, he gave demonstrations'
of Ids religious iind li'ihteous bi'huvior; for hr
brought the people to a sober WJiy of living, and
exhorted tbeiii to leave olf the opinion they hail
of their iilols, because they were not gods, bnt to
worship their owirGml. And by reflecting on the
actions of his prOgenil irx, he prudently corrected
what they did wrung, like a very elderly man
and like one abundantly able to uilderstand what
was fit to he doiie; and when he found they had
well done, he observed bII the country over, and
iinit lied the same. And thus he acted in follow-
in^ liiu wisdom and sapicity of hia own niitnre
aMl in compliance with the advice and iiiMruC"
tion of the elders; for by following^ the laws it
was that he succeeded so well in the order of his
government, and in piety with regard to the di-
vine woraliip. Ancl this happened because the
transgressions of the former kings were seen no,
more, but quite vanished away; for the king
went abfiut the city, and the whole country, and
cut down the groves which were devoted ta>
strange gods, and overthrew their altars; and if
there was any gift dedicated to them by his
forefathers, he made it ignominious, and plucked
it down, and by this means he brought the peo-
ple back, from their o|iiiiion about it to the
worship of God. He also offered his accustomed
sacrifices and burnt-oH'erings upon the altar.
Moreover, he onlained certain judges and over-
seers, that they oiight order the; matters to
them severally, belonging, and have regti-d: to
justice above all things, and diatribute it with
the same concern they would have about their
own soul. He also sent oyer all the countr}',
and desired auch as pleased (o bring gold and
silver for the repairs of the temple, according
to every one's inclinations and abilities. And
when tne nioney was bi'ought in, he made one
Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Shaphan
the scribe, uiid Joah the recorder, and Eliakini
the high priest, curators of the temple, and of
the charges contributed thereto, who made no
delay, nor put oft' the work at all, but pre-
pared architects, and whatsoever waa proper for
those repairs, and set closely about the work.
So the temple was repaired by this means, and
b,ecamc a public demonstration of the king's
piety.
2. But wh e n h e was no w i n th e e ighte e nth
year of his reign, he sent to Kliakini, the high
priest, and g^ve order, that out of what money
BCK}Ii X.— CHAP. V.
207
J
wM ovi^rpliia, he •hould cait ru|M, niiil cliilifr,
■nil viuU for iiiinli)tr>tion [in thv Irniiil*',] uiiii
beudci, tliul tlH7 •h(iiil(l bnii); ull llii' |;iilil tml
■ilTcr wtili'li WHi auiuiij; tin iriuaiiriii, niiil < x-
peiiii thiit aUu in uiukiiig < u|ii uiiil (he like veil-
(Cla. llu( *• tliu lii^li iirifBl «im briiiiiiiiK uiil
/the gold, hr lit u^oii the liulv hooka U .Vloxi
llbiat Wi:n: laiU up in the tiiiiplo ; mill whrii lie
nail brought tliviii uut, hi: fciivi' (liriiUo Sliapliiin,
the icribu, nh6, wliiii liii hail rruil Ihiiii cniiic
tiftlie king, nnil infoniii'il hiin thut all wuh iHiiali-
Al which hn had onlrreil (o be dune. Ilo rUd
fe^ii Qt'er (he buuka to him, who, whi'U he liiitl
' heard thvni read, rent hit garnirnt, and nidUd
'lor Kliakim, (he high priral, and lor [ShaphanJ
the tcribc, and fur rcrlain [otlier| ol bin nio«t
particular Trienda, and tent thrni to lliiMuh, (Ihi
"■' """^ — ji, "the wile of Mhalluni, (which Shalluni
U)( dignity, mid ol'nn eininint fiiiiiiU,)
n'eni i>i> to heV and miv, liiat [he iloi-
l^'WouUI njipeuae God, and eiiilrinor tu
Itlin iiropitioua (o thvni, fop Ihut there
ol fear, lent, upon the (raii»;fre>siini
■'»':,«5ptte laws of Mo«e» b^ their forefiidiera, they
' ihgi^l be in peril of going into captivity, iiiiil ul
being cult uut of thiir own country; lent they
■hould he in niiiK of till things, and so eiiil tiieir
(h^a uiiseraUly." VVhei) the prophetefis hud
hvaid this from the nirosengers that were «eiil
to her by t!.(' Mnj;, i>!ie biidetlieiii go liink to the
kio^t and say, thut "(iod hud ulready given s( ii-
(ence ugaiust them, to destroy the peuiile, iiiid
cMt them out of their country, and i!e|>n\e tlieiii
of all the hiip|)ine)>>i they enjoyed, vvhieir sea-
tenci.' none i!nuid set asiiie iiy miy prnveiii of
theirs, since it was pa-.Md on accniiiit oi' I heir
tniHS'gi'essiona of the laws, and of tlirir out hav-
ing rejieiited in aoloiigutiilii , while the pi-ujihets
had exhorted Iheiii to iinieiid, and hud liirelohl
the puiiishiueut that would en^iie nn their impi-
ous practices; which tliieuleniiig Gml *uuld
cei-tuiu!y execute upon them, that they might be
persuHded thnt he is (Iod, ami had ni<l dict^ited
them iu any respect us to what he hud deiioumed
^jf his prunliels: tliul yet, because Josiah tvas u
nghteoua iijun, he tvouhl ut present delay tho^e
caluiuilies; but thai, ufter bis death, he' .vould
lend on the niiiltilude vviiat luiserits he had ili-
tennined lor iJieiii."
3. So these luessciigers, niion this prophecy
of the woniiin, came and tiild it to the kiii^;
nhereupun he sent to the people every vtheie,
and ordered that the priests qnd the Leiilis
should come togetiier at .leruiialeni; and coin-
maiided that Ihuse of every age ahouhl be pie-
tent also. And when they w'ere gutliered toge-
ther, he first read to them the holy books; alter
whirh he stoud upon a piilpit, in the inii'st of the
mullitiiilc, and ubliged them toniake a covenant,
with an oath, that they would wotaliip God, and
keej) the Itms of Moses. AccoidiuglV, tUey gave
•.their assent willingly, and uudertoot to do what
4h«king hail recumiiieniled to theiii. So tiiey ini-
jncfliat.ly offered saerllices, and that ufter uii ac-
ceplible mannei, aud benuught (Jod to be gra-
ci'ius uiid lUereiiul to them. Tie also enjoined the
high priest, that if there remained in the temple
any vessel that waa dedii-aled to idols, or to fo-
reign gods, he ahould cast it out. So tiheii a
rreut luiiiiber of siiih vessels were got togi'ther,
he liuined them, diid scattered theirashes abroad,
snd slew the priests of the idola, that were not
4tf the fuuiily of Aaron.
'-- * It ia hard to reconcile tl'e arxpiint in the teronil l<ook
' 0fKiMi!a,<'l'.\>iiM. ll,witht'n'iar>'Q,intin Juseiihus.aud
lolrn'is'»lot:iis|ii'.ssii8Ciridy in JoVeii' iis.wlioscrqpiiv
»re sunpowil to' '-i; he'e hiifte- (rvx: liftvepvcr, the gone-
'ral Mnseaf ho'h Heeinsto 'h: I Ids, that t'I'ere were rer-
tain eliariots, witn *(teir doise^, iledit-atet) to t lie iitol
of the »nn. or In Mol«ili, wl'i -.i iilol might tie rarried
— m ho ulinMiucww ioi ia i nl w o"! i | 'p .Ml' yth ■ peii p i e.whi f h
CbariuiB were now I ik^ aieii'i,a» Josefiiuiasays, or, al
Ibe liook uf Kiiiga ^ays, turiit toithfife i'j Juniak,
4. Anil when lie hail done thus in Jrrnralem,
he came into the enuntry, and niterly deati >c(l
n hut linil lings bud been made therein by king
Jeroliunni, in hoii'it of siniiip^ g'>dst and he
hiiint the horn a of the filae |iroplie(s up<m that
altar nhich Jeroboam bad first biiill. And as the
prophet [.Indon,] wliii came In .leroboum when he
wiia ollering saerihie, unil when ull the people
heard him, foretold wha^ would come to pasa.
viz. that "a Certain man oKthe house of O'lfid,
Joaiah by Unme, should ilu what is here nen-
tioiied." And it happened thai those preilietiont
took etlect after lliree bMiRred and aixty-otie
yean. '
a. After theao things Joaiah went also to such
other Israelites as hall esraped captivity and
slavtry under the Assyrians, and persuiideii them
to desist from their impious priictires, anil (o leave
olf the hnnora they paid to strange gods, but (o
worship rightly their 6nn Almighty (iod, undad-, ■
hii'e to him. lie also searched the houses, and the
villages, und the cities, out of suspicion that s.unc-
boily might have one idol or other i i private;
liiiy, indeed, he took away the I'hariuls [of the
suiij that were set up in hi«' royal palace," which
his predecessors hail Iruiiied, mid what thiiir
soever there was besidi s which they woishippea
as n god. And when be bin! thus piirgeo alf
the country, he culleil tiie people to .lerusalcm,
and there celebrntid tlic linst of nnleutened
bread, uiil tliiit railed the I'asr.ircr. lie ulM
guve the people, lor pi«ch:.l 8acrillr<s, Voune
kids of the gi>:ds I'm^rnnbs lldrly llioii'uml, anu
Ihree lhi>ii>'aiid oxen lor biirnt-ollerings. 'i'he
principal tif the priests ulso gave t > th^; priesta,
agaius.f^tlu' pu'sover, tivb ihoiisaiid and six liun-
dred l:iiiil>s: ihe |>rini'ip:il of the I.evites mIs6
gave to the Iveviles liie t'lousand lambs and five
hiiudrtfd o\en, by which menus there wnis great
plenl^of sarriiicea: and they ollered those Hucri-
liies accoriiiii:,- to the laws of Mo-.es, while every
priest I'xpl.iine.d till! matter, and minjstercil to
the muliitude. And indeed there had been no
oti T fe<liv.il thus celebrated by the lliiiriwi.
frjiii Ihe times of Sahiiii I the prophet; and the
plenty of s.nrifices now was the occasion that
all things weie perlot'iiied according to lln' liwa,
and nci'ordiirc lo the riistom of their forefiithera.
Sj when Jo.iiah hud after (his lived in peiue,
n.iv. in riches . and repiitttion also niiioiig all
men, he ended .'lis life in the manner following.
CHAP. V.
Ihw Jn^tnlfMght with A'icq[Kine.i>J^E;(ypl,'\
ntui ic«y nhiiniicil, unit di€itit\ « lift ft time lifitr-
inard;ti^ aisOytiowA^icocflrri'cdUthuatiaz, who
had heen-.-inde- A'i«/f, in/o Kir'jplfOnd dilioerid
the Aitty./ni/i III Jtliiiiakim; and Itastly] con- ,
tcrninj; Jertmia!. nnd F.ttkul.
■j J. iVow Nero, king of I'l^ypt, rnised an .
ar.oy, and niarehed lo the river Knphrates, la
order lo light with the iMe.Ies ail I naliyloniana,
who hftl nverthrown the tloiiiinion of Ihe Ai-sy-
rians.t for he had a desire to riigijover .^»la.
JVow, when he was come to the eity Meildca,
which b».l.)n'!;ed to the kingdoip of Josiali, he
brought" an i.miy to hin.ler him from pa<<>ing
through his own country, in his expeditioD
fainilt the .Vtidca. Mow Nci'rt sent a herald to '
alah, Biid tuld him, that "he<im not make (lii»^
expedition against him, but was making liusia
toKuphrutes; and desii^d that he would not
♦ Thia i« a reniarkMlilii paKsaee of chrnnolocy in Joae-
phMs, Hint alNiul X'.\e hitler eiiil of the reifnol JiMtiah,lh«
.Meies liiij llaliy'o'lians ovi>rllrfW tlie uiuiareol' the
Assyrians; qr, hi ilie worilsi'fTo' irsooiiliiiuuli.r, i!ial
"lietore I'nhins died, he heard nf the deatriirtion of
.\4f'Cvi'h, wl irh was ti'ki'ii hy N'clmrhnilnnoyor the
PahylOni.ii, and Assuerns tho Meile," To'i. liy, I5i ("
M-
Kcuu Pfldwm ' a Cu i i ii eti oi ii. at th e year 1 8 .
k--'
JtOtt
ANTIQUITIE'^ OF THE JEWS.
I
proToka him to Cghl againit 'nlni, became I '
obitrucCed hil nwnj to th« place whither i.f
had reiolvod to )^ii." liut Joiiah did not atiiait
of ibid advrcs ol .\)«o, but put hiiiiteir into
a poiture to hinder hnn from thii intended
narch. 1 luppoie it wai fate thnt piiihed him
on to thii conduct, that it might taJce an ocra-
■ion agaiiiit hioi; for ai he wai letting hii army
in arrtty,* and rode aboot in hia chariotf front
one wing of hia army to another, otit. of tlie Kgyp*
tiaoa »hol an arrow at him, and put an end tu hit
aagerneHi of fichting; for being sorely wounded,
he commanded a retreat to be lounded fur hii
^ army, and rrlurned to Jeruiulcni, and died of
that wound; and was mogniticc-iitly buried in the
aepuli'.hre of his fathers, when he had lived thir-
ty-nine yeari, and of Ihein hud reigned thirty-
one. But all the people mourned greatly for |iim,
, lamenting and grieving on his account maqy
days: and Jeremiah the iii^iphet composed an
elegy to lament bini, which is eitant till this
time alio.f Moreover, this prophet denounced
befurehan '^ the wd calamities that were coining
upon the oily. He also left behind him in writing
• description of that destruction of our nation
which has lately happened in our days, niid the
taking of Uabylon; nur was he Iho only prophet
who delivered such predictions beforehai)^ to the
multitude, but so did Ktckiel aho, who was the
firstpirson that wrotei and left behind him in
writing, two books concerning these events. Now
these two prophets were priests by birth; but of
them Jeremiah dwelt in Jerusalem, from the
thirteenth year of (he reign of Josiab, until the
city and temple were utterly destroyed. Howe-
ver, as tu what befell this prophet, we will relate
in' its prupe'r plat'e.
2. Opon the death of Jbsiah, which we have
already mentioned, his son, Jehoahaz by nuiiie,
took tiie kingdom } being, about twenty-three
years old: he reigned in Jerusalem; and his
. -mother waa iiamutal, of thecity I.ibnah. He was
an impious man, and impure in his course of
life: but as the king of Kgypt returned from the
battle; he sent for Jehoahaz to noiiin to him to
the city oilled Hamalh,) which bel>mg»tu!^yria;
and when he was come, he put him iii bonds, and
' delivered the kineiloin to a brothirof his, by tlie
father's side, whose name was Kliakiiii, and
changed bis name to Jehoiahiin, and laid a
tribute upon the land of a hundred talents of sil-'
ver, and a talent ol gold, nod this sum of money
Jehoiakim paid by way of tribute: but jVecu4:ar-
ried away Jehoahat into Egypt, where he died'
when he had reigned three months and ten'du^s.
Mow Jehoiakim's mother was called Zeliiidah,
oIkdc city Rumah. He was ofa wicked dispotii-
tioni and ready to do mischief: nor was he Either
religious towards God or good-natured towards
tnen.
CHAP, VI.
Hon Nebuchadnezzar, when ht had conquered
the King of Egypt, made an Expedition agnitut
theJewi,andtleu>Jehoiakxm,andmadeJehyia-
thin hit $on , King.
{ 1. Now in the fourth year of the reign of
Jehoiakim, one whose name was Nebuchadnei-
lar took the government over tlic Babylonians,
who at the same tinie went up with a ereat army
to the city CarGlieniisb, whicn was at l%u)ihrati;8,
lipon a resolution he had taken to fignt with
Neco king of Kgypt,^ under whom all Sj ria then
was. And wheu 5ieca underdtood the intention
•This battle is justly ectenmed the very same that
Herodotus, I), il. sect, tsn, mentions, wtieii nesi'ys, tliia
" Neriio joined l.iatllp with the flyriuna for Jewsj at
Magdolum, [Megidilo] and hfqt ihem," an Dr. IIucisdh
hi^eohwrvys.
•if the king of Babylon, and that this expedilioa
was made agai))si him, he did not despise his at
leiiiiit, but made liaile with a great hand of men
to Kuphralas, to <lefend himself from Nebuchad-
nciiar; and When they had joined battle, he wa*
beaten, alid'lost liiany ten thousands [of hi< sol-
diers} in the bottle. So llic king of UatiyloD
fiassed over Kuphrairs, and look all Syria, ai
ar as Pelusium, excepting Judea. But when
Nebuchadneiiar had already reigned four years,
which was the eighth of Jehoiakim's Eovero-
ineht over the Hebrews, the king of Babylon
made an expedition with miahty Torres ejgainit
the J):ws, and required tribute of Jehoiakim,
and threatened on his refusal to make war
against him. He was aflrighted at this threaten-
ing, and bought his peace with money, and
brought the tribute he was ordered to bring for
tbreeyears.
2. But on the third year, upon hearing that the
king of the Bab^lontam made an expedition
against the F,gypiians,tt! did not pay his tribute,
yet was he disapiminteU, of his hope, for the
Kgyptians durst not fighttat this time. And in-
deed the prophet Jereniiah foretold everyday,
P' . . .
how vuinlv they relied on their hopes frbm
Kgypt, and how the city would bi; overthrown
by the king of llabvlonv and Jehoiakim the king
would be sublued by him. Rut what he thus
spake proved to be of iu> advantage to them, be-
.cause there tvas none thnt should escape; for
both the multitude, and |he rulers, when they
heard him, had no concern about what they
heard; but being displeased at what was said, as
Jf the prophet were a d|vlner against the king,
they accused Jeremiah, and bringing him before
the court, l|iey reqi^red that a sentence 'and a
punishment'^ iiiight Ve given against hiiii. Now
nil the rest gave theirvotes forliis condentnatioa,
but the elders refused, who prudently sent away
the prophet from the court of [the prinon] and
pei;sua(>ed the rest to do Jeremiah no harin'; for
they said, that " He was not the only pernnn who
foretold wliat would come to the city, but that
Mirah signifieil the sanie^^ before htm, as well a*
many others, none of whirh sitfl'ered any thing
of t)ie kinji;s that then reicned, but wt^re honor-
ed as tlic prophets cf (>od." So thev niollilted .
the niiihitiid« with tbese words, anii delivered
Jeremiah from the puiiishtiirnt to which he Was
condemned. Now wlien thi" prophet had writ-
tt'n all hii^propliecies, and tiie people were fast-
ing, and assetiil>led at the temj'le, on the ninth
month of the fifth year of Jelioinkiin, he read
the Itook he had composisd of his predictions of
what was to^ befall the city, and the temple, and
the multitude. Anil when the riders heard of it,
thi-y Itfok ttiu book from him, and bade him and
iiaruch, th<' »rll>e, to go their nays, lest they
should be discovered by one or other; but they
carried the booK, and gave it to the king; so he
fave order, in the pn^senCe of hi* friemia, that
is scribe should take it, and read it. When the
king heard what it contained, lie was angr^'i and
tore it, an'l cast it into tKe fire, nhere it waa
consumed. He also cuminanded that they should
seek for Jereniiah imd Haru. h, the scribe, and
bring them to him, that they might be punished.
However, thev escaped his anger.
3. Now, a little time afterwards, the kin' of
Babylon made an ex)i<'dition tguinst Jeboiakiin,
wiium he received into the city, and this out of
fear of tiio foi;egoiiig predictions of this prophet,
as supposing that he ^houlJ siitfer nothing that
melancholy poem nowlosMiit extant in the I'ays of
Josephiis, felon^fitig pciuiiiifly to Josiali, cannot now
bcdeterntitted.
fll.itiiiiirlent rity Iliihinth, whii-h is joined With
Arpud.ot Arniliis. nnd Willi Diiiii.S'-us, g Kin s »viil.
34:Jwiah xxxvi. If; .'er. Jlix. '.•:,; fitirB of fyrl.i sn*
Ftiwii in, near tlic lioniers of Judea, wns also itself
evidently near tlie suuie tiordcn, tliough long ago utter
!y destroyed.
tWI'etlicr Joscphus, from ? Chron. xxxv. S.'i, here
meanstlie 'ooit of tlic Lamentations of Jereniiah sHU
extant, which chiefly lieroiiRBiothcdiiilrurtion nf Je-
rasalem under Nelmcliadnezzai, or to any other like
I
BOOK X— CHAP. Vll.
«ru terrible, bfcnuie he nrilhrr ;1iiit (hit ^nli-«,
nor fought ngviniit him; yrl wliiii lie vv;ih cuiiir
iota the city, hv did not olixrvr thi' <'uv<'imnt«
he hnil iiiiiiK', but h« (It'iv mirh ii» wire ill thu
donlir ul th<'irBgF,an>l lUCliHitvin orihr|j;n'iit-
eat ili|;iilty. togcthrr with their kiii^ Ji'liuiiikiiiii
whitiii he coniiiiHiulcd to be thrutvii bcl'ori; the
whIIs without any buriiil, uiid iiinde liin bou Je-
hoiiichin king; of the country, uiid of tlie cib':
he hI.4u took the priliripal iHrnoii* in difruity U>r
captivii*, three thouiiuiiit in niiiiilier, mid led ihcnt
owuy 10 liiibylon; nnioii^ ivhoni \\'n» the prophet
Eiekicl, who waa then liiityouiif;. And thi^ wHa
the end of king Jehoiaklni, when he hint lircd
thiity-iix ytarn, Hiid uf them reigned eleven;
but Jfhoiarhin succeeded him in the kingdom,
whoiie iMolher's nuiiic Wiih Nehuihtiii iihe wux a
citiieu ul Jeruaitleiu. lie reigned three inontha
and ten dnya. '
CHAI'. VII.
Thai llie King nf Batiiflon rtptftlett of makinif
Jchoiachin King, anii limk liim avuitj lii Hnhi(-
U>n, uiid Jelirtreil Ihr hingiliim (n Xeilekinli.
U'his King wuuld not lieliecc what teas iircdich
td hijJtmnitth und Kitkiel, but juinrd himsef/'
■ to tint Kgijiiiinns; te/io, tcAr/l tliey came inltt
Judea, wtre vanijmaliiil hy (,lie hing of Jiatiy-
ton; us also what licfiU Jerimiali.
\ 1. Uc'T ir terror seized on the king of Hiiliy-
lon, »hu ht>d given the kingdom to Ji hoiachin,
.and thnt ijhniediulely : he wAs Hl'niid thiit he
•hoidil benr him a grinlge, bernuxe ot' hi* killing
hia futher, and thereupon nhnuld inaki^ the coun-
try revolt tronihlin; wherefore he -ent an nrniy.
and Uenieged Jehoiurhin in Jerusalem; but i>e-
caiise he tvas of a gentle and jiint fiispo»iti6h, he
(lid nut desire to >ee the city eniluiif^ei'ed ou his
accou'it, but he took IiIh mother, and kiiidred,
and iielivered them to the commaiiderii sent by
the kiiij; of Habyliin, and aci'i pted of their baths,
that lieidter sliould tiu'y sillier .uiy liiirnl, nor ttie
city; H'liieli aj^reeinent they did not observe for
a fiuisle viar, fur tli<: king of Habylon did not
keep It, but gave onU.rs t.> hia generals to lake
all thai were in tlie city captives, hoth the youtli
and the han<rii!raft!>iiM'n, and bring them hound
to him their number nm Un tlionsaiid eight
huii'ili'LiI and thirty-twii; as also Ji'lioiaihin, and
hia mother and Iriends: and when Hit si; were
brought b> hitil, he kept the:n in custody, and
appuinleiT Jehoiaehi'i!* uncle Zedeki.di to lie
king; Hud made hilii take an o.iih that he would
certainly keep the kingduin fur him, mid make
no iunuvucion, nor have any league of friendship
with the K'^yptianii.
2. A'ow Zeiiekiah was twenty and one year?
old when he took the governuunl; and had the
same mother with his biMlher Jehuiiik'.in, hut
was a despiser of jiLslice and of his duty, for
truly thilse of the same age with him weri'
wicked' iibi>ut hini, mid tlic wlndi; multitude xlid
what unjust and insoh nt things riiey pleased; for
which reason the propiKt Jenuiiah i aiiie often
to him, and protested to him, and insiiited, that
' he must leave off his impltties and tninsgres-
(ioils, and take cure of whit was right, and
neither give ear to llie rulers, (among wlioiu
were wicked men,) iior give credit to their' I'alse
prophets, who (Udiided them, as if the king of
Babylon would ui'ike no nio;e war ngaiiisi them,
and as if t!" Kityptimis would iiiake war against
biui, ami cpn(;iier liiiii, -iiicc what t'ley aaid we»
Dot true, and the t vents woul I not prove aiicti
[as tliey e\|i'i'ter.l."] jN'jw, as to Ze.'iekiali hiiii-
aelf, wliib- Im- heard tin prophet -lieiik, he be-
lie\ed him, are! agi-cii to tviiy thing a^ true,
■lid suppo.sed it was for his idv iiit;igi:; but ti.eii
20»
• hia frlemla prrverlril hlin. iind tliiliu^ded bim
I from what the prophet odviiitd, iiivl oblij^'J hint
to do what they pliased. J-Uekivj alio' lorctold
in Habylon what caluiiiities were coming upqa
the peuph', which when he heard, he siiiil ac>
coiinla of them into Jiruialein; hut Zei^lekiah
did not believe their prophecies, (or the n iisona.
(olluwing: it huppeneil that the two propheU '
acreedwith one uii itlier in what they said, aa to
all other thiii^^, that the city should be taken,
and /tdekiah hiiiisi tl ahould be itiki n captive,
but Kiiikiel ilisjitreed with him, and said ihnt
"/edikiah nhoulil not aee Itabylun," while Ji r< -
niiah aaid to him, that "the kin^ of Italiylou
ahould carry him away thither in bonds." Ami
becaiiae they did not both say the >niiie thin;' aa
to this circqinstanre, he disUelievcil what nicy
both ap|H;ared to agree in, and eonihnined tin m
aS/iiot speaking iriilh therein, although all the
things fori told him did come lopaas uccurdiag tu
their |)rophecies, aa we ahall show upon a litter
opporli(,iiily.
3. Kow. when Zcdekiah preserved the Uuigdtt
of mutual nssist'iice lie had made with the uu-
byloiiiuns, for eight years, he brake it, nail re-
viilled to the I'gyptians, iii hopes, liy Ihiirai'
sistnnce, of ovi ri:omiiig the llabyloiiiuiis. Wlirii
the king of Kabylon knew thi-., he made War
'against hijii: he laid his country \vnste, and took
his fortiilid towns, and canu to the city Jerusa-
lem it\elf to besiege it: but when the king of
Kgypt heard wh:it circuinstanccs Zedekiah hia
ally was in, hi look a great army with him, and
caitie into Judea, as if he ttouhl rni.-e the siege:
upon which the king of Kabylon departed fioia
Jenisah III, and inei the Kgypliaiis, aiid joined
battle 'with llieni, and beat ihein, and when h«
hail piit them to llight, he pursueil them, nod
drove thi in out of ulT Syria. jS'ow as soon as tha
king of IJabyloii wua departed from Jerusalem,
till' false prii|ihets deceived Zedekiah, atid said,
that '.'the king of lialjy Ion Would not ttiiy iiiui«
make ^var against him or his people, nor rntioye
them out of their own country into li.tli^ loll, and
that those then in captivit\ would retuiii, with
all those vessel* o( the ti inpir, of whi.h the king'
o^lii.bylon had despoiled that tern pie." Uul Je-
rt nii.di came among them, and pri>phes|id wlist
Ci, ntra. licit d those predii'lions, and H'li:it proved
I to be true, thiil "they. did ill, and (h liidi I Ilia
1 king; that the l-'gyptians Would, be of no ;alvan
I t'age If) thedi, but llial tlie kiie.; of l^^lbt I'ji would
! Knew till- w::r against jeru'aleiii, aiiil be^iige it
i again, an.l wouhl destroy thi- |"'bph' hy f,.iniiic
and carry aij'iy those lliat rimaiiied iiiIO cap-
tivilv, aiul would take away what ihey h.id UK
I spoils, and would carry od liiose ricliis that'
I weie in |l e temple; "ay, that; In sides this, he
'would burn it, and utterly overlhruw the citj,
and that they shun 1 1 serve him and his posti riljr
I »evenl\ yiUrs; that then the I'ersians and the
I .Medis slionld put an ind to thtir seruluili'. and
overthrow- the lialnlonians, ami that we shall be
i!isa:issi'd, and return. I.) tuis 1 md, un.l rebuild iha
teiiiiile, and restore J^rusajem." Whin J»Te-.
I niian sai Ithis, the: greater pitrl believed, hini, but
, l^ie rulers, and those that wen wickei!, despised
I hini, as oiie liisurdert'd in lils'seii'is: IVow he
I liad resolv ed tu jjo elsewhi r< , to hi:s oWii (oun-
trji nlieh w.is c die 1 Anilhot'i, iind was twtutjr
I furlongs .liitani fr >ni Jeriis:dem; and us he was
' goiiK;,oi(e -it; I riders in. I 'i.im, aiic seized npoil
hiiii, 'iii'i arcii-.ed hi ii tjl-ily, :if. liioiiirh h. were -
j j,.iiiii; as a ' .('« rl-r io the iia-n I'liiia.. : but J«.
i r. mi ill • .1 ', tint he i;.:i-j.! lii'ii f,d;.< ly, and
,a'.I '.■.'. t:i .; r.e was unly g!»o)'i t.i his omu t:.iun-.
tiy;i;:' 'i' olhi r w piihj n.it b.iieve him, but
, »!.:/.>. ^ o^..j.i '.t:^i, and lid liiin away to the rulers.
* Jo»e(ilm9 sa.vs liercliial Jereminn (iropiiweil rot oi;.i' 'Os.h«,|iui oniir' ri'tui'(liii2»'"'tcim>i«B! iiilrvi>n
onivof ti;v return of llicJ,wsrro;ii II e H.i y uaiai. rap- i„e • i'y Jerutf • , i, wii I. li les eoi ai>iii;S?iu iiar'<iiii<<f
.tivily.aml lliisuinlcr llic I'ersians and Mc-<les,a» ill our ; umikr liiit naiiu',lPca' note on Aotiq.
»
l>l"iriniiar'<ijii<<f
I'.Xti&li. i.H!.;! i
!;
{
I
i'f
210
ANTIQUItlES OF THE JEWS.
ud laid (n aeeuMlion ■niiMt him, unditr whom I upon oalh, that h« would neitlicr himiclf put him
h« endured nil lurliiortoniionlxnl Ifirlitrrii.aiid
wai iwwrviid lo !>' puiiiiihfHl ; ainl IhU wii* lli«
conditiuu ho H'"* ■■■ f'" •<)■■>• lime, tylijlii he luf-
fered whnt I liuvn already deicrilied uiijually.
4. Now in lh> uixth year ul' (lie rei)<n of '/,tr
dakiah, oii tl«! tcntli day of lli* t«nth iiinnth, Ihc
king of Uahylon iiiadi- nicroudexiHMlitionagaiiitt
Jerutalcni, and lay btrore it «i((htean iiiontliii,
and b«>ie|;e<l it with the utiii^^t applicatlnn.
There came u|K>n Ihriu alio two o( th« createat
calamitiM at the »amc lime thnt Jrru^Mciii^iwaii
beitie|;ed, a r«iiilne and peitilrntial dfft^uiper,
■od iiiado grciit havock of thiin: and, though
the prophet Jervuiiiih wai in priton, he did not
reit, hut cried out, and proclainied aloud, and
lo death, nor dt-^ivrr h'ini up to the rulen, he be-
ciiiiin hold upon that nHiiurance tliiil wh) viven
him; and gave him this advicr, thai "he •liuuld
deliver the rity up lo the lJah}|oni«n«; and ha
•aid, that it wa> Coll that pfophoied Ihia by
him, that (he niust dolo) if he would be preaerr-
edniid t'urapr out ul' the danger he wii» in, and
thnt Iheii neither ihouFd the eily I'ciU to tha
ground, nor itbuuld the temple be burned; but
that (if he diaobeycd) he would hu the cau«e of
Iheie iniierir* coming upon the ciltzen*. and of
the I ulamity thnt would hefall hin i^hule hou«e."
When Die king heard Ihia, he laid, that "ha-
would willinglv do what he pvi^uaded him tu,
and what he declared would be to hia advniitngr.
dettroyed,; and h« iuretold, that if any one stay
«d in the city, he ahouhl certainly pcrifih by «ne
of thetu wayoi either he coniulued bylhe famine,
•r •Itin by the enemy'a awoni, but ihnt if he
would lly to the encniy he aliould ritcnpc death :
yet did not llieae rulera who hertrd believe him,
cTCii when they were in the niidil of tlieit son:
ealamitiei, but Ihey came to the M'mg, nnd, in
their anger, informed him what Jtremiah •aid.
onrijuraged him, and auid, ''He hud uo taute lo
fear aiich puiiiahnirht, for that he •houhl not
have the experience of any miiltirtune, if he
would diliver'all up tn the llabi-'oniumt, ncilhir
liimai'lf, iinr hia chililrvn, nor hii wivea, »nd that
the tiinplu ahouhl (litn conti.ine uidiurl." So
when Jeremiah liad said thi?, the king lit him
go, and charged him "to h» tray what tliey had
•taolveri on lo none of the ('i(i/.<'n», nor to tell
■nd accuted liiniyand complained of Ihc propjiet 'any of the rulera, if they ahiiuM hiiv.; learned
1 of a madman, «nd one that diahearlened their | thai he had been utiit for, what he had auid
minda, and by the denunciation of iiHseriit,
weakened the alacrity of the nmltiliide, who
were otherwiae ready to cxpoae Ihvmselvri lo
dangers for him, and fur their country, wliile he,
' ID a way of threatening, warned Iheni lo lly to
the inemy, anil told thriii tlmt the city ahoiild
certainly be taken, and be utterly dcatroycd.
5. But the king hiniielf was notaat all irritated
•gainst jereiiiiuh.iuch was his.gcntle and righ-
teous diapusilion; yet that h« might not be en-
raged in a quarrel with those ruhirs at aurh a
time, by op|)oaing what Ihry intended, he let
them do witli the prophet whatsoever they wniilil :
' M hereiiiwrt. when the king tol grunted theni
suth a permission, they nresciitly caine into tlie
prison and took him, aim let him dpwn with a
cord into a pit full of luirc, that he might be suf-
focated, aiul die of himself. So he stood up lo
the neck ill the luire, which wus all about h m,
■nd so continued: but there was of the kiu^ »
lervunts, who nras in eateeni wilh hiiu, an ICthio-
pian by deaeentrwhp tohl the kin;; what a stitc
the prophet was inland siiid, that his friends' iiiid
bis rulers had done evil iu putting the prophet
into the mire, and by that -means c'ontriviug
aeaintt him Ihui he shonid siift'er a death more
bitter than that by his bonds only.. When the
king heani this, he repented of ^lis having deli-
vered up the projihet to the rulers, and bade the
Ethiopian take thirty men of tlir king's guardx,
and curds with them, and' nhntsoevereUe they
• nnderotood to be necessary foV tlie prophet's pre-
servation, and draw him up immediately. So
the Etiiiopian took the men lie was ordered to
take, and drew up the pruphet^t of the tnire,
•tad left h'uii Ht liberty [in the prisnji.]
6. But when the king had sent to call him pri-
. . Tattly.'.and inquired what* li« could aay toiiiin
Iroiii (iod, w'hich might he .suillbli? to hU present
^rcuuLitsiQces, and dcaired him to inform him
of it, Jeretniah replied, that "he had sOHiewhat
to say:" biit he said withal, he "should not he
believed, nor, if he admonished Ihcin, should be
hearkened to; for, (said he,) thy friends have
determined to destroy me, a:i lliou»h I had been
Suilly of soniu wickeihie^s I afld Where are noiv
lose men wh£ deceived us, and said, that the
hing of Babylort would not coiiie and light
■gainst us niiv more; Ivut I am nfruid now to
■peak the truth, lest thou shoulilst condemn nie
to die," And wh<!n the king fflid assured him
to him; but to pretend '.o them, that he besought
him tiiat he might not be kept in bonds and in
priaon." And indeed iie said so to them; for tliey
came fo the prophet, and asked him, «t h:it advice
il wa« that he cume lo give tlic king relating to
theiilt And thus I have finished wjiat concernt
this matter.
CHAP.Vin.
Hnw the King of Hnbylon took JemsnUm, and
burnt (he Temple, and removed the People oj
Jeruialem and Xedekhh lo Hakyiim. Jla aim
Mihotheij wei-e that had mcctededin the /Ugh
Prieilhbod under the Kings,
} 1. Now the king of Uabylon was very intent
and earnest upon the siege of Jenisalein; and
lie ertcted town's upon great Jmhks of eailh, and
from them repelled IhiHe that stood ujiou the
WuU'*: he aUa made a great number of such
liaiiks round ubpul the ivholc city, whose height
wa» equal lo those wall*. However, those that
were within bofe the siege with courage, and
al'icrity , for they were not discouraged, either by
the famine, or by the pestilential distemper, hut
were of cheerful niihas in the prosecution of the
w:ir, altWiigh thJse miseries withiii oppressed
tlieiii aUo, and they diil not suffer themselves to
be terrified, either by "the contrivances of the
enemy, or by their engines of war, but contrived
•till different engines to oppose all the other
withal, tiirindeea there seemed to be an entire
struggle hetween the liubyluiiians lind the peo-
ple oT Jerusalem, which liad the gryater saga-
city and skiJI; the former |ii|||ji «il|niiiirni| Ihey
should b« thereby too hanl for the other, lor the
destruction of the city; the latter phicing thei'r
hopes of deliwraiicc in bothing else but in per-
severing in such inventions in' upposilibn to the
other, as might deiiioni^trale the eiiejnies' en-
gines were useless to them. And this siege they
endured for eigllteen months, until they Were
<testroycd Iw. the famine, and by the darts which
the enemy inrew at them from the towers.
2. IVow the city was taken on the ninth day ot
the fourth moiith, ijl the eleventh )ear of the
reign *flj5Zedekiah.\ They were in(!e,>d only
generals of the kiiig^ of Bab) Ion, ioi whom IS e-
michadhezzar cohimitled the cure of ific aie;
for he abode li i i i iseli in th e city o f Riblah. The
names of Ihuc t< iierals who "ravaged and sub-
dued Jerusalcfftt if 'any one desire to know tlieia
^.•■
..wT
t i btiilt. The
BOOK X.-CHAP. IX.
211
•ilver, >nit purticiilirl/ thtl lirge l»»«r wbiiili
Suluiiion ill (lirHti'il, •• tltn tlir iiiUiirt of briM,
mid their rhjipilerl, with th* ttulilrn Utilet »i>a
Iha mmlli'tlii'M; iinil wliiii lie linil rtrricil (li«H
oir, he M:t fir*) lu the lviii|il« in llir fifth nninth,
the fint liny of thr iiionlh, nil the rlrvriith yetr
u( the TtrKH of /rdrkiuh, mid iiii thv rightrriith
yraruf NibUchattiK/ttHr; he almi liiirnl the |i*-
Uek and ovtrthrew the city. Now th^ ttrinpU
wei burnt four huadrcd and ievcnly yean, •»
monthi, and ten davt after it »*»• built. It wa»
theii one Ihouiand and nixly-liVo ye«r«, (ix
luontht, anil ten duyi from the de|iiir(iir<' out of
Kirypl; and from the deluge to the deitrui'tiou
of the temple, the whole int<<rval Wni one tliou-
•and nine hundred fifty-neven ycart, lix iiioiillii,
uiid ten day«; but from the Keneralion of Adnin
until thii befell the temple, there were three
thoutand five hundred and thirteen yeuN, lii
nionlln, and ten daj « ; to greul w«r* the number
of year* hereto belonging. And whnt actiuni
were done during tlione yean, we have (utrticu-
lariy related. Kut the generul of the lialty Ionian
king now overtlir< w the city to the very founda-
tion", and removed all the peonle, amf took for
priiiiinecit the high prieit Seraian, ami /<'|ihHniab
thliirieit that wat next lo bim, and the ru-
len thiit guardeil thetemiile, who were three in
liuiliber, and the eunuch wlio wiwovi r the urined
men, and leveii fviendu of Zodekiab, mid hit
•eribe, and tix other ruleriij all which, together
with the veMei* which they had nillagid, he
carried to the king of Babylon to KMah, a lity
of Syria. So the king cominaiklcJ the lieud* of
the high priext and «f the rulerii to be cut olf
there; Init he bimxelf led all the Captives, and
Zedtkitth, to Uiibylon. ile alifb Jed Joieilek the
h|.;h pric.t away bound. lie wax the toil of Si-
ruLili. the high priest whom the king of IJabvlon
hudklatn in Kibh«h, a city of Syria, ax we have
juiit now related. _
ti. And now, btcauxo i»e have enumcrnttd the
Hucceiiaion of the kinga, and who Ihey werr, and
liow long tbcN reigned, I think it iiccessuiy tii
set down the namea of the high pricatt.nmi who
they were that succeeded one anulhi-r in the high
.• ^ .1 I __.i^_.L. I.: 'I'l... r..-^, I.i.rl. ....ij.u*
war* Iheae, Nerval, Sharrier, Samgar Neho,
Rabtarit, Saraechim, and Hahiniig, And when
the city wax taken alwut midnight, and the ene-
roiex' generait were entered into the temple,
and when Zedekiah wax xcHaible of it, he look
hix wivca, and bia cbitdren, and bii captaiiia, and
hia frienda, and with them fled out of the city,
through the fortified littcb, and through the de-
lert; ami when certain of the deterterx had in-^
' formed the liabylonittnx of Ihia, at break of day
they made haale to pursue after Zedekiah, tnd
overtook him not far from Jericho, and enconi-
paiaed hiip about; but for thoae frienda and cap-'
taiiia of Zedekiah who had Hiil out of the city
with him, when tht-y taw their eneniicx near
them, they left hiiUKand dixprraed theiiitelvea
tome one way and x6iiie. another, and every
one Aaolvcd to aave himtrlf; ao the enemy
took Zedekiah alive, when he wax dcairted
by all but a few, with hia children and bit wives,
•nd brought him U> the king. When he wiix
conie, Ntbucliiidnrizar hegnii to " ("all binj
a wicked wretch, and a covenant'breaker, and
one that had forgotten bix foniur word*, wheii
he promiatd to keep the country for him. tie
•Itu reproached him for hi4 ingratilude, that
when he had received the kingdom from him,
who had taken it from .lehoiachin, and given it
him, he had niiide uie of the jiower he gave him
•gainst liini thai gave it; but Uaid he) liod ia
treat, who hutetlitliat conduct of thine, and lialli
rotight thee under u«." And when be hud uai-d
. these words lu Zedckiab,- he commanded hia
^iixand his frienda to be xiain, while Zedekiah
•nd the rent of the captaini looked on, after
which he piit out the eu* of Zedekiah, and
bound him, and carried liii:i iu liobylon. Ami
these Ihingi happened to him,* as .leiemiab and
Ezekiel bud foretold to him, that lie shnnld l)e
ca'nglit and brought Aieforc the Ijngof U.i^jloii,
■ad should S|>euk to him ftice to liice; and should'
Mcliin eyen with Jii» own eyes; ami thus fur (III
Jeremiah projibesy; but he was al^'i made llinil,
•nd bronglit to Babylon, but he did not tie it,
according to the prediction of Kiekiel.
3. Wehavesaid thus much because it wiisfuin- -J,
cient to show the nature of (iod to such as are | priesthood under the kings. 1 he first high priest
-ignprant of il, tluit it is varjoun, and acts iirmy
dill'erent ways, and that all events happen after
a regular mniiher, lii their projier season, and
thot^ It foretells what must coiiie to passr U is
also Buindeiit to show the ignorance and incredur
lity of men, whereby they are not permitted to
forcxee any tiling that is future, and are, without
any guarci, exposed to calamities, so that it ia
impossible for them to avoid the experience of
tliose calumities.
4. And after this manner have the kings of
David'i race ended their lives, being in iiiiiiiber
twenty one until the last king; who aUuge-
ther reigned live hundf-ed «|id fourteen years,
and six months, and ten days; of whom Saul,
who was their first king, retained the govern-
ment twenty years, though he wax not of the
game tribe witli the rest.
5. And now it was that the kin^ of Babylon
xent iSebuzaradau, the general of Tits army, to
J«rataleni, to pillage the tempre, \vbo had U.alsu
in eouiinaiid to bunt it, and the royal' palace,
and to lay the city even with the ground, and to
transplant the people into Babylon. Acconliiif-
ly, he iuiile to Jerusalem in the eleventh year of
king Zedekiah, and pillaged the temple, and
. carried out the vessels of Uod, both gold and
* Thixohservatloii of Joxepbna rI out the seeminKdix-
•greemeiitof Jeremiah, cliap.jixiii.'l.nnilxxxiv. 3, and j
Ezek.jiii. i:t,!iut real agreement at rnst.coiirerHiiixtho <.
fatcofZei l ckittl i t is very irun a i ii l very re Mi ar lia hlci a xa I aii ll i fli i iy s never I li em
ihen at the lelnple winch Solimoii built, wax
Zadoc; after him his son Aohimai received that
dignity; after Achiinas was Aiariat; hit son wax
Joruni, and Joram's son was Issus; after hint wax
Axioramns; his ?oii was I'hideas, and I'hideus'x
son was Sudeus, and Sudeas'x sun wax Juelut,
and Juelus't son was Jotham, and Jotham'x sou
was Urias, and Urias'x xoii wax Nerias, and
Ncriax'x'son was Odeat, and his sou wax Sallu-
iiiui', and Salumus's son wax Kdcias, and his soa
[was Aiariaii.t and bis son] was Sare^as, and liit
son wax JoSedek, who Wax carried ca|)tive to
Babylori. All these received the high priesthood
by succession, the sijns from their father.
7. When the king- was come to Babtlon.he
kept Zecickiahiu prixon till he died, ami buried
hiiu magnificently, and dedicutid the Vesxelx he
had pillaged out of the temple of Jerusalem lohix
own gods, and planted the iienplo iu the country ,
of Babylon, but freed the high prieit from bix
bonds.
CHAP. IX.
HovD Xebtizaradan tel Otdaliah over Ihe Jevil
that wrre tifl in Jui/eu, wliicli Otdaliah wa§ a
Hllle afterirarii tlain by lihtnatU and hnwjo-
lia'ian, after Jahmacl was driven away went
1 1 have here ijiserteil in hrarketa tliia hiili priest Axa-
rias.lhuiisli lie Ix^ oniilted in all JoM'phua'x ru|iiea, out
of Ilio JewiBli rhioiiiilc, Si-dcr Oiuni, of liow tittl*
I ueiiirally calecni »urli l.ile ralihl
niciil Ijstoriuns; Iwausc we know itoni Jnsei>liualilm--
ge'r.tlmt tlie iiuiiilicr ol" llie hiRli |iriml» l«'loni;iiig to
tins imerv.il wasi iitliti in. Aiitii|. II. xx. cb. x. wliercu
bix copiea have here but xeventecn. ,
eh. vii.wil.'i. Ni>ri»itatatlunlikel>;tlialtliecourliCrx
and false orouhMs niiitlit make imeol'lliis seninlni! con- |
^ailiclion todixsuiiile Zedekiah from I clievingeilliorof
Ihon prophets, ax Joicpbua liera uiiunatcx liu wax dix |
fuaded tkeieby.
313
ANTIQUITIEri OF TUB JKW8.
down into Egypt with Ih* Pttiylt, mhirh I'ropli,
^thuchndtutMur, ichoi At made an t'. tytilition
agaiiulthe i'Kyftiaiu,toukcufliet,andttrought
ihtm Huiay to Batylun.
} 1. N«w the grncral of tiro iirmy, Nthuuirii-
(lull, tvlii'ii li<i liaifcikmcij ()i« |icii|ilu oi'llie Jttvi
iiltji I'.tpliyil^, Ud tlie pour, and ihiiMi thai hud
(IriHirli'il, ill thu country, uml iiiailv one, whou
iiuiiic uni (icduliah, Ihir aim o( Ahikain, u pirKia
()f II iiObli' Tuiiiily, thvir iruvcrnor: which (judu-
liah wan of n Kinik and rinhlooui ditpoaition,
111- iilao ri>iiiiiiHiidi:d ihciii th.il Ihfy ihould culli-
vMto the ground, and jiay an uppoiulod tribulc to
tlw king, lie uWo took Jiniiiiali the prophut
iiiil ol'pri.uM, and would havi: pfrsuiideif him to
Ko ulonif with him to liiib^lon, for that he bod
lirtii .iijoimd iby the kiiiK to aupply him with
«vhutioi'Vi T he wanted ! and if he did not like to do
•o, ho dl'iiri'd him to inform him where he reaol-
ved to dwtill, that he nii|;ht iignify the taijie to
ihif kinj;: but ihc prophet hud no mind to follow
liim.nur to dwell any wher^rlae, but would glad-
ly live in the ruinn of bin cpiijitry, and in the mi-
^-irulile remains of it. When the general under-
•itood what hiH nurpote wiia, he enjoined IJeda-
liah, whom he left behind, to take all poatiblc
rare of hini.'and to supply him with whatsoever
Im wanted: lo when he had niveii liini rich pre-
aenlH, he diimisaed him. Accordingjy, Jeremiah
iibode in a city of that country, which wiia called
Miapuh^ and dcKired of Mcbuiarndnn that he
would net at liberty hia disciple Haruch,' the lun
,of JVcraiah, one of n very eniincnt family, and
excetdiin; akilful in the hiiiguiiKe of his country.
2. \V;iiii Aebuiaradail hud John thusheiniiiie
ij.'!-.le I , llub)lun: l>iit as to those that tied nwuy
ii(m.i:j the siccc of Jeruanlem, and had been
•ditti nil over the country, when tliey he.trd Ihut
ibe IJ.il)y Ionium were gone awny, iin.l hi(il left a
n innani in the hind of Jeiiisnleiii, uiid those such
an were to cultivate tlie >.;iiiie, thiv irtuie t..(;c-
ilier from all parts to Geiiuliah to Alisjiali. j\ow
;lie rulers that ».erc over them were Jnhiiiian,
t:ie Min of Kiireah, and Jnzciiiah, and .Suraiuh,
iihd othem beside thrni. j\oW there vtai of the
royal family one !«hmael, a wicked man, and
ven- crafty, who, during the alegc of Jeruaalem,
ll«l lo Baalia, the king of the AniiiKmitei, nnd
abode with him during that time: and tiedaliah
perauaded tliem, now they were there, to stay
with him, and to have noknrof tlie Babvloniuna,
for that it they would cnltiviite the country, they
should suffer no liarm. This he assured tlleni of
by oath: and said thai they should have him
for their patron, and that if any disturbance
should arise, they should find him ready to de-
fend them. He also udvi^icd them to dvi-ell in any
city, ns every one of then) plen.ied^ and that they
would aend men along with his own servants,
and rebuild their liouses upon the old founda-
tiona, and dwell there, imd he admonished thcni
beforehand, that tliey should uiak« prepi^ration,
while the season lusted, of com, anil vtine, and
oil, that they might have whereon & feed during
the winter. When he hail ^hus discoursed to
them, lie dismissed them, that every one'iiiMit
dwell in what place of the country he pleased!^
-J. Now when this report was spread abroad ai
Jar as the nations that bordered on Jiidea, thiit
Gedaliah kindly entertained those that came to
him, after ihey had fled awny, upon this [onlv]
couditioii, that they should pay tribute to the
king of liabylon, they also came readily to Ge-
daliah, and inhabited the country. And whin
Johanan aud the rulers that were with him ob-
served the country, and ^he humanity of Ged|>-
liah, they Were. e\t«^lt)dy in love " "
hah, they ^v^.|.^ g^gj^,^ in [„,p „m, [,jjj,^
unU told him thatTJaalis,thqltinCof4he Animon-
*Of ttils rliaractcr ofBarurh.'tliesonof Nernlah,and
the genuineness of Uis booklliatitandsttowinaurApo
ilta, had sent Ishnisel to kill him by tren^herjr
and an'relly, that he might hair tlie tliiniinion
over the laruelitea, n> beiiij; of thu royiil fiiiiiily'
and they aaiil that he might diliver biiiiai ll from
this treacheroua di aigii if he woubi give thvin
b'iivf to ahiy l»hnii'iel, and nobody ahoujil ku n*
it, itir thev tdhl liiiii they nivu afruld that whan
he wiia killed liy theotlier, the entire ruin iil lh«
remaining BlKiigth of the ItraeliA's wouM en-
t»K: but he prolirased, that "he d ill not believe
what they suid, when they tiihl him of auch a
treacherous deaign, in a man that had been well
treated by him; Decauarit was not probable that
one wliU, under audi n want of nil things, bad
failed of nolhing that was neresaary for bitii,
should be found so wicked and ungralrfnl tut
wards, his binefactur, that when it would be an
instance of wickedness in him Aot to save liini^
had he been trearhiroualy assaulted bv others,
to endeavor, and that earnestly, to kill liiin With
his owii hand: that, however, if he ought |o sup-
fioso llVia information to be true, it was better
iir himself to be Slain by the other, than to de-
stroy a man who llnl to him for refuge, and in-
trusted his own safety to him, and eonimitted
himself lo his diiposal.^'
"4. So Johanan, and the. rule'ri. thnt were with
him, nut being able to persuade (iedaliah, went
away: but after the interval of thirty days Aas
over, lahmacl came ugaiii to (leilaliulii to Ine city
of Mispali, ui|d tin nun with him; Hiid when ho
hud feasted lahmael uiii llio>e that wire with
him in a splendid inaiiiier, at his table, nnd hnd
given them presents, he becuiiie disordered in
ilrink, while he endenvored to be very merry
with them; And when Ishmatl saw him in llint
case, nnd that he Was drowned in his eu|n to the
degree of inseniibility, rikI fallen asleep, he rose
up on a sudden, with his ten frieiiiU, and alev/
(iedaliah and those that were with him at the
feast, and whin he I I '■lain them, hi wii^t out
by night, and slew lul (he Jews that tvrre in the
cityYiiiul those soldiers also which were left
therein by llie Dab^lonians: but the n>'M day
fourscore men came out of the country wilh pre-
sents to (ii'daliiih, none of ll:eni kiiowiiij; what
had befallen hijn; when Isliuiliel saw thiui, hie
invited theiii to (iedaliah, and when they were
come in, he shut up the court, and s^ew thcin,
and cast their dead bodies down into a certain
deep pit, that they might not be seen; but of
these fourscore men l>hiiiael spared those that
entreated him not to kill tlnm; till they had de-
livered up to him what riches they jiad coifbeal-
cd in the lieMs, consisting of their furniture, and
garinents, and cum: but he tonk captive the peo-
ple that were m Mispah, with their Wives and
children; among )vhoin were the daughters of
king Zedekinh, whom Xebuzaradun, the general
of Uie army of liabylnii, had left with Gedalialy
nail when he had done this, he came to the kii
of the Ammonites^
5. But when Johanan and the rulers with.iuui
heard of what was done at iMispah by IslmiaeU
nnd of the death of Gedaliiih,' they had iniligna-
tion at it, and every one of them took his own
armed men, and came/ suddenly to fight with
Istmiael, and overtook hi|ii at the fountain in He-
bron :'aiid when lliose that were cnrried away
captives by lshmael,.<8uw Johani^h and toe rulers,
they were very glad, and looked upon Ihem as
comiBg to thetr assislance; so they left him that
carried thCi'ii captives, and came over to Jo-
hanan: then Ishniael, with eight men lied to*
(he king of the Ammonites; £ut Joh&nan took
those wnoin he had rescued out of tbe hands of
Ishmael, .and the .eunuchs, and their wives and
children, a iid came to n certain pl a c e c al l e d
Mandra, and there they abode that day^for the/
cryplia.anilthat it is really a ranonlcal book,ani] an ip>
pendix to Jeremiah, sec Autlieni. Rcc. part, i, p. Ifll.
4.
I"
J-
r Dtn'lk A.
V* /ram ihi lU'r, iiiiil |
r li«« thr Hnliil'iniii
BOOK X.-CIIAP. X.
tit
i:
htil ilmirniiiinl lo r*niovO'<"" •"' '"■>• "!»' It"
into •'IkjI''' ""• "^ '*■*' ""' '^^ HnliVl'iiiiiiiK
thoiilil •■>> Ihciii in ciiethoy (diilinuril.iir Ihr
counlrv, Hnil Ihitt out ol' unurr nI (til; tliiiighirr
of (•riliili.ili, who hiul tidcii by tlimii Ml uv»r it
for jiivKriiur.
6. Ki>w whm ihry wi'rn uiiilir thin ilililirrt-
lion, JiiliHimii, til* Kon of Kurriih,'Hiiil (li» fulrrt
that were wtth him, riiiiir In Jiriiiiiith lli« pro-
nhcl.iml ■loirrtl tlmt he wuiilil pritv lii(>ii<l,lhiit
ncrnumi thry went Ht iin iitli r;,lu«« iil»iut what
(lUIV Ollgllt lo llu, hi; Mlllllil llJAI'lltl'l il to Ihllll,
una lliry »warn Ihiil lljvy wmilil ilo ivliiittovu'r
Jrrciiiiiili Khoulil miy lo lliciu. Ami vtlim Ihiv
|ir»iihrl aiilil hr iroulJ li<i llirir iHti;i'i'ri»or with
tio<l, it t'nnio la piiM, llml iiriir Icii iliija (ioil np-
wiirt'il to hliiMiii>r»i>i<l, ''irhnt hi; <lioulcl iiifomi
uhnn.in nml tlir nUiir riilrr», mid hII lliu |ii'0|i!i',
that h« wdiilii Ik; willi tliiiiiwhili' (hiy toiillniii'tl
in thiti couuliy, nml tulit; ciiri; of tin iii, innl kcpp
Iheni itma liinig hlirt liy lh« lliiliyliiiiiuni, of
wlioii) tliry wt'i'i; urrai^l; but Ihut ht; wuulil <li'-
Krt thrill if ttity wt'At fiito Kgypl, unit, iiul of
hii wrnth nguinal thi'ifi, tvoulil inlllil llii' >niiii'
puniahiiirnt'i npoi) thviu tvliinh thrr knew llii ir
Dr»thr<'n h»<l Miriuily I'nilufit." Hu wliin Iho
nrojih<:t hud infurnicit kTohiinnn iin.l the p< ojilc,
(liHt (iod hiid foretold Itiiit' thinK«, li< W'ii" i>'<( l>i'-
livvcd, when hv aiild llijil Ciod ('oiiiiiiutiilni ilnin
to continue in thut co|mtrv, tint lli)'}'iiiiiit;iui'il
that he auk! au lo Kratil'y I'uriirli, Ilia iiu'ii liiM-i-.
pic, and litlit d tioiH mid that hr prriHiadiid tlitin
to alay there, tlmt tVy nij({lit b« (Icairoyed tiy
the Itutiyloiiinna. Accordingly, l)olh.tli<' p'oplt-
and Johaimn dlHoliryiil the coiinacl ol (!6d,
which lie Kave tluni liy tin; prophit, and remo-
ved into l.gypt, mid curried Jeremiah and Ua-
nich along willi Itieii). . *
7. And when lliey "err there, God aipnified lo
the prophet, tliiil llie kiu|(of Kaliyhm Hntalioiit
' making im exiieiiilionii)(Mii('i| the K);yp(iana, nud
foninninded liim to foreti II 10 the proiile that
KgyM ahould be taken, jind the kiiic of Kidijlun
•hoiild aliiy aonic of thi in, unit Hliuuld Intc otiiera
captive, and bring llieiii to Itidiyton; which (tiiiiKa
came to paaa arconlingly: for oil the lil'lh year
lifter tlie de«lrUclion of Jerunuliiii, wliieh wua
the Iwenly^lhird of the reijjn of Mi liiirtmdnn-
kar, ho iniiiie an expedition UKiiiii<t Cu;h"'ynii,
and when he h<id po««e«>eil liiniMiT of it, he
made ir4ir Hi^aiiliit the Ainiiionites uiid Moabltea;
■hd when hejliid brought all tlmae iiiMioiis under
subjection, I)* fejl iijioii Kjjypl, in'oidt r to oyer-
., throw it; and he alew the Viiig that thiii reign-
ed,* and M:t Uji another; imwI he took those Jewa
that were (here captives, and letl them iiwny to
ISal)ylon. And tuch WHS Iheeiid of tlie niitiiinof
the tielircwa, a» ithalh tieen dellvernl iIohii to
ns, it having twice gone beyond Kophraleii; for
the people of the ten tribes were curried Out of
Snniiiria l>v the Atayriani, in the <l»y» of kin;;
• Hoslito; nhcrwhich the people of the iwo tribes,
(hat reinuined after Jeruialeni whs taken, [were
Carrie:! away] by Nebilrhadneziar, the l»injf of
Unbylun and ChalUea. ^inw as to Slialnianezer,
be removed tlie Uraelites out of their couiitiy,
ond placed titerein the nation of the iT^udieans,
who lind firnurly belonged (o (he innor purls of
Persia and Media, but were then culled Sam.iri-
tans, by tjiking the name of the couul^y- to which
• irerodnlua says.thiB kln« i»f.f:(ypt [Pharanh fjonli-
r>, or Aprie*] wiis alain hy the KRyptlant,a» Joreiiiiuli
' fore'nid Ills MiiHi;liier liy liia eiieuiicii, Jer. xliv. Vi, :iO,
and l!'8#n» UHi'in of tticiieslcuctinnof Kflypt [hy ISelHi.
' rliailnc'/.ziir ) JahcpIius saya, llila king wua slain liy
Neliiivi.uiliie/aiar liiinsnir.
t Wc sen hern tiint Jiidcn WR» li"!* tn a liinnncr itcso-
lale after ll;e capiivljy of ll:e Iwo t»llies, iinil was not
r e peuplod w i tl i I'ureiiin eolnn i ea , perli a p n n« nil Inilir a
ihey were mnnvril; hut ih* linn uf Huliylo*,
whulirouichl onl Ihr two Irllir^.t pLuivil no olbar
nation in Ihnr lUiiiilry, by which hiemn all JiiiIm
and Jeruaahili, and the Iniiiile, eoiHiniiril tO
beadeiiert lor aeveiily )<nr<. liul the eiillN !■•
lerval of l|i»>«' hIhiIi |Mn«ed liom ihe iiiiitivlly of
the Uruelilia, lo llir larrjiiiK away of Iha two
Irilies, proved lo be a hunitred and thirljr yearii
nx luoniha, and ten daya.
CIIAI'. X.
Coiietniing'/'oniit.onJ wAolfcr/iHAimo* Wafcjf
/on.
\\. lUlT now Neliuchndiieijar kiuK of llaliy-
lon look some of Ihr um>bI niitde of ihe J. «•« (hat
Were ciiililrrn, and the kiii«iiii:n of ZeiUkiah,
Itieir kinjr, «uchu» were riniurkalde for ihe beau-
ty of Iheir buili<s, and tlie loniHinen of Itieir
countenances, unit dellvereil iheni inio tlie hand*
of |u(ura, and (ri Ihe improvnii<n( (o be niaile liy
them, lie ul»o niude lonie of iheiii lobe eunuclia,
wllich course Im* look al«» willi llio'ie of oilier «»■ ^
lions.'whomhehnd lnkei(iii llie llonerof Iheir aril,
and alfoTded lliein llieir diet from Ins <<wn tubU,
and had Itiein iiulrnrled in the inslilulea of th«
country, and tuujrlil the learning of ihe (,'hal-
(leans-, and they liuil now exeiiisi d llieniselvei.
suliii'ienllv in llial wiaihini which h< had orderej ■
they slioutd apply iheniselves to. jSow uinong
tiieiic there were four of the f.iinily of Zedekiah,
of iiiiM exreilentclisposilions, one of whoni was
called Daniel, iiiiolher was called A imniaa, an-
other Misael, niid itie fourth Alariaa: unit (he
king of Ualiylpn changed their names, and com-
iiiunded (hat lliey shouhl niukc nsq of oth*r
names; Uuniel he called liulluaar, Ananius Sh«.
dmch, Miami, Meshach, and Alpriaa, Al>»dnego.
These the king had in ealeem. and cunlinued lo
lijve, became of the. very eifell.nl leniper they
wercof,undliecau.<i' of llieir applicaticjn In lenrO'
iiip, niid the progress liny had nwdfl in wiadoni,
i. Now Daniil aiid his kiiismi n Jiail resolved
to use u sivire (liel. Hint to ab<liiin from tlioao
kinds of food which came from 'he kind's table,
niul entirely to forbear to eat of nil Hv iiig.crea-
lures; so t'le came to AshpmM, who was lliat
I itnncli to vvlioni the cure of lliiiu was conimit- '
led.tmiddeslr.d hiiii to iHkennd sp< ml what Wat
brought for them fiOiU Ihe king, but to give lliein
puNe and dates for thtir food, and iinji Ibingelse,
bisidis till! Iltsb of lixing cietitures, that Jie
pi. used; lor tlmt their in. liiialiouH were lo that
sort of loud, anil lha( (hey despiscul ihe ottier.
lie vcplie<l, that Ije wiia ready (o serve them in
ivhat they desired, but he suspectjud thai Ihey
would be iliscovered liy the kiug, from Iheir nica-
gr.' bodies, and the ii'lteralioii of Itair eouiile- .
nances, because il could n.r( be iWoidi d but ibeir
boilies and colors inust be chnngcil with Iheir .
diet, esiiecinlly whil.' tiny would lie cb»ily dia-
covereil by the finer uiip.iiraiicof tlie otheridill-
dren, who vyoiild fare heller, ntid llius thi'y should
brill!; him in danger, and .iciasiuii tiiiii lo be pur
nished: yet did they persuade Ariorh, who wot
Ihus fnirfni, to give them wliat food Ihey desired .,
for ten day", liy way of trial, and irt case ihe ha-'
bit of Ihcirlioilits were not alined, lo go on in
the same way, n» expecling llial liny slioiild not .
bo butt thereliy aftcrwuni, biit if lie suw them
/
witliont I>«Ib« repeop'eilliy fii'cifncolonlea.tolic a Ifke
liidlmtlunlhal llic sauie Jews are iiercaftcf lo ii'|irapl»
ituiinliillieiiiselves.atllicirjoloiigi'tiwi'ledrcslorall.in. .
ITliiil liaiiiel waa nia.li; one ol ll.owi eiiniiel.sof
wllich Imiidi (irophcsieil, Isiiiali «\.',ix. *,iini! ilic tjirco
nhildrcii Ma rn.'iiiianioiis also mi'mi" io hip plain, l«)tfc
here 111 Jinephim aiidiiiom lopliKof l»unii;l, Unn. I
:i, B, 7—11,11-, atlliouijli it must lo ar.mwl, ll;ai »oin«
marrlPil iiersnns. llml Ind rJ.iMreH, were jDmelniiM
inarned jiersiiHs. iinu ii m i ii..-.,.i.| ---..^ — > ■.■"•^_
ral'ed (;nuurl s. in a liciiernl arocplation for rouriier*.
on arroiinl thai so many of il.o aticieiil touithf • »■•••
real cunucha. t-ccUen. »««ii. I.
lion of rrbvidenrc llial I' e Jcwii were •i)*rP|ieo|ili! il
Wllhntit opposilion Ihiinsilves. I alikiesTM-fn t'lC !al.;r
■nil piGiUi(t dcsuiale cunUitiuu of tbo lainc country,
114
ANTiQUtTII^^* or TIIK JKWS.
loak rnrnftt Mil mtirtt (liaA Ihu rtal, h« aliDulit (nil lit intrrpnlnlirtii, ihil la Ilia kliiK migM un-
, pi'iiucr thrill III ihcir fiirnirr ilii I. Nim, mIuii it ilrralHiiil li« liliii il« i>l|iilHtiiliiiii mUu. .iVkniii
iip|iaar«il Ihal Ihry wrrt to fiir fniiii lM<<iiiiiii)( lluiiiil hail uliUliiuil lliH- lnumlfilg* fruiii (iinl,
wiiM* >iy tlid ii>« iif <iiU foiiil, thiti lliiy vritv ha iiniM' %iry jotrul, •ml inli^ it tn hit lii'rihrin,
|jluiii|itr mill lulli r in hixly than tlii' rot, Tiuii' ami iiiailc lliitlii ((lail, Mini In h'i|i« ««• II, that Mf
much that hi> thuuKhl lht»ii wilm fi'l nii ivhul | ihiiulil nttW iirnrrtn tin if livx, nf Mlmh Ihr)
I'aiiiii rriini tlin kin^'t talilr, •Miiinl Iim iiliiiii|i i ilinintirtil Itfiupi, unil hiul Ihnr uilliiU lullol uu-
ami rii|l,whili'th<iaii that wrrx with ItniiliTlooli- tliiiiK liiil thi' llmiixlila <>f iljinK' ^i whin li«
J __ .t .t^ -111'. 11. . . ... . . iii^ij ^iii^ tliini ri (imicil Ihanka to tJ«<l who had
i^umniiti rati'il llirirjruulh, whan it wa« tla) ha
i'aiii« ill Ariiirh, iiiiil iltairn^hiui tu Urine him to
thft kiiit(, liii.'iiux he ivoulil iliiruvrr luTiiiii (hat
driain Mrhicli ha hml >rrn the nixhi hrfiirn.
4. Whin Diiiti) I »ii« i tiniiiii In tUiikiiiKihci^H'
riiai'il hiiiMill III Ural, Ihiit hi' iliil ni|t |iri'(iiid tu
liv WKir thiiiilliiMilliiirlliiilili ana unit iiiH|(l<'l.in>,
whin, ujMiii thi'ir I iilirr iHiiliilil^ In ilitrovrr hi>
ilrcHiti. he Will nnili rlukiHK l,> infuhn him uf it,
fnr thia wua not liy hia own akill, ornn nrcounl ot
Ilia hn(iii|4 111 III r i'n|li«>iti'il Ilia umU'r<itHa<liii)(
lliiiH till' nal^ l.iit hit aiiiil. "(■ml hiith hml |iily
iiiHin UK, wilt II wi' wi'tr in ilnn|(rr uV lUath, uml
wiiin.I |jruyifil Tir Ihr lifn uriiiiM'tr, aiiil'oi tiiuai'
of my uwii nnliuii, hath nitulii inaiiirial to nii'
both ihi! ilri'iini, iiml thr iiilrr|<rrli>liiin Ifiirinl',
for I wiia qui h'Hi roni'i:riitii lop ihy nUjry tliUM
fci{ thr •iirruiv tliiU in ftM'r liy rin •* lohilruini'ii
|{iiliv, tlllill- lIliHl iliiUI Diiuiijlliilly ■ouiiiiiuij;! iilin,
liolli |;iiii(l nml ■ xci Hint in tMi iiim Ivi Yfj jrlii' iitit
to ilnilli, ithin ilii/ii t'liMiiit'iiiit thi'in.^JPidvw.hnl
wiiH inlinly iiliovr tin- rem- h (it liii'iiWiii; WI«Ioni,
uml rii|iiiri il»t nl tlwiil whm ijiia llil »cmk-«it|y
id aa if thiy hni| livpil in iilrnlyiiiinl nil aorta of
linuryt ArWh, fpoiii that linii', irnirrly took
hiniatlt' what lh« kin|{ aiiTt fviry ilay IVoin hia
«U|i|M'r. ai'AorilillK (o cuatniii, to Ihr chihlri' n. Iiut
Kavtt tlirin lltn lurmionliouril ilit-l, whili' thry
hail thi ir aoiila in aoiiin niviiauni mora (inrt.^Hml
Ilia liurdini'il, and to lUtif for liiirniniCi ilmrhiid
Ihrir Imiliia in bil'tvr tuiir lor Imrd liilior, I'ur
Ihry iiitllliiT h:iil thi' I'ornn r op|iir»«il and hinvy
with varii tv ol' luuata, liiir wi ri' Ilia other tll'i •
iiilnutii on till' anmi^ uci'ount; m Ihny rnidily nn-
iliratood nil (haloiirniiiK tliiit ivii« anions tlirlli -
lirvwa, nnd unions th« t'liiiliUuna, iia ruiircliillv
did Danii K who \>f'mi( uln inly aiilliricntiy ikill-
nd in wiidnin, waa xuri 1m«y iiliiiiit the iiiirr|ifii-
(ation of drvBina; and Ciod iuanilVali'd hiniatlf
tn hini.
'i. Now, two yriira aflrr thr difttrnrtlnrt ot
KgJiil. king Ni'burhiiilni t<nr aaw n woiiilrrlnl
drraiii, tha Hpruniiili^hiiirHt oT whii'li (loli alroW-
I'd him hi hia »l«r|i, biit whin he unm; out of hii
lied, hv forgot th« iicconlplUhnirut: ao I113 ailit
for lliii (Vihidi nnn, and niii^iciiini, uiid thr pro-
phrli, iind told thi'ii), that "III' hml an n >i ilriiini,
iind infjriiii'il tliini that lu' Imil fnr^iHIm tin: m>
i:olnpliahiiii'nt of whnt he had arm, uml hv rn-
jninid Ihriil lo till him, luilh wliut thr ilriiini
wna, niiil what wua ita aigiiificiilion; iiml tliiy
anid thiit ihia wna 11 ihiiip; inipo'-siliii' to lie iliacn-
vfri.'d liy men, hut Ihry promi.«i'd. him, tliut if he
would exiihiin to them whut driiini he hml aiin,
(lii'V would tell him ita ai(i»i(lcnlio'i.- Ilereuiioil-
he threatened to put them to ireulli. ua|ei»i tlii^^
' told )iini bia ilreain; and Un gnMi lumlimiid (if
hove Iheni nil put to death, lim-e they conu-.i'iieil
they could not do what tJiey wi rr coifimaililijj lo
do. Now whi'n Dnnirl heard that the kiitt hud
Kiven u conimaiid, thai all the wiio inriiaMioulii
he pill to denth, ami tliut ii|uun^' iheiu hjftni ll'uirl
Ilia threi- kinsmen were in iltiii(;i r, lie wi nt to
of (iinl. \V 111 ri fill-, no thou in thy aleep waat
aollilloua I'omirniiiK thoae lluit ahouhl auccicd
thte ill (he Kovi rniiii;ji( of the whole wnrhl, (lod
wua ili'-ii-oua (o ilioH thee all thtiae ihnt tliould
ri i;;n uUi r tin r,nml to lliat end enbibittid lo thee.,
till' folloHiiii; drtuni: ThiiM aei niedat to are n
gri 111 iiii,i(,e itaudin^' litdiire thee, the Tieiiil ol
wliii'li piiiviil lo 111' of Kidd, the ahouldera and
ni'iiia ol hiIm r, uml the Lilly and the thi;;lia of
hi'im, lint (III lej.'* tiiid tlif felt of iroh; iiftei-
wliii'h tlioii HMiviKt a atuur broken olf from u
iiioiinlaiii. Which fill ujMiu lh« imiii>:e, and thrrw
it down, uii.l liruke it to pii cia, iiiiil iliil iiol per-
mit any )ii>rt of it to reiiiiiin Ifhiiln; lint the )(idjl,
thi ailvi I, iheiron, and Hie liru>>, liii'iinie amuller
(lie
- . „ . Ilinirmiiil, hIiIiIi, opon (lie hlaat of u violt^it
.\riuch, lyho waa cnptaiu of the king's yuiiiilii, wind, was by forn carried iiivny, ami ►nattefe.d
and deaircd to know of hii|iv>vhat W'ai. (he riai^Mii j abroad, lH:t (I e iiloiie did im ri'nV to auch » di-
v»hy the kiu;r had rnvvif command that u!| tli .' u"!'. tliul (he ivliide i'ar(h lieniiidi il aieined (o
wine men, niid ('haldr'unt, itiftl niutici.iiw, dioiilik ; iie lilh.d (liiri'ivith. 'I'liia h the dri»m t*'liich
be I'laiii. So wheq.hp<|||iKI^4iritl<r tha
hiid had a drruni, ri((
when they were «||pi|HI'V)'iiVf,)™i the kiii;;of it, j lliibvlini (liat'iiu\i bei n In IVni' thee; bqt the (Wo
they had auid tlatjrcrthlil not di/il, nml hail there- Iiiiiii3'< and luiiin siiiiiify this, that your govern-
by provoked hini to niiger; hydesired of Ariiich nieiit •liidl lif diniolMil by two kinga; but an-
thnt he would go in to the k\ji;;, uiid desire res- olhc^ kiii^; tliat •hall cimii; from (he weat, Hrm«d
, nna niuLjciaii..!, iiioiiiia I lie iiuci iiieriivitii. I iiia is (he (irtum wnicti
KiW^ritld that (he kin;; j (lioii saivi .-'(, and its interprit.itioii is us follows:
pioigolteii It, and lli'K ] The liiail of ^rold deliods diei', and the ki|i;;a of
z..:..r 4i... 1. '..-.:.■ '.. ' 11..1...1 ... .1..^. i.. . 1.- ..1. r. ..L . . 1..... .1. ,
pile for the niii^iiciiiiin fop onXiii^ht; uml (o put
oft .their sinuijhtcr «o long, ('o\tliat he JubmU,
within that time to obtain, by pni)S^p<otioil, the
knowledge of tfiii dream. Accordingly, Ariotli
iiilbrnicd (he king of what Daniel ilosiied: so
the king bade (luni delay the daughter of liie.
magicians till he kni^^v what D.uiiil'a pniuiiae
would come to; but the yomig iiiun retired to his
own house, with his kinaiiien, and besought t!od
that whole night lo 'discover l!ie iliiam, ami
thereby deliver the i»»gii'iuiis uml (.'lialtieans,
with whom fhey w.ere themselves lo pcrii^h, from
the hiiig's itii;;i r, hv enabling; him ti) dichiri' his
had
vision, und to make mahiCii't lyiiat the kii „
seen llie niglit belore in his^sli t-p, but liij"! f ir^
gotten it. Accordingly, (iml,out of pity tolhoiiii
that were in ilahger,: and out of nl'i'ai'd toth
wilh brass, «liall ilestc.iy lliat government; and
annllirr governjiicnt tlmt hhull be like unto iron
shall put an end to the power of the former, and
shall nave il.ominion ovi r all the, earth, on uc-
ciiint of the nuiiire of iron, which is stronger
than (hat of gold, of silver. And of brass." l3a-
niel did iil^o derlurt: the nieanliig of the stone lii
the ktii^,* but I (111 not think proper lo relate it
.1 hav
inly
idertalti 11 to describi' tliinifs
pastor tilings present, but not tilings that are lu-
lure; yet ifany one be ijo very desiroua uf know-
ing truth, as not to waive such points of curiosi-
ty. niiTrcaiiiiot curb his inclinulion for uiider-
standiiy the uncertainlies of futurity, and whc
ther tliiy will linpiun op not, hi hiiii lie ddigent
in reailing the book of l^aniel, vtdiich he will find
„ . , anion? (he sncred wrilin;;*.
Miisdoni of liiiiiiel, made known to him (In dream I 5. VVhcu KelmChadiieir.ir heltril (his, and re-
■ * Of this most roin.irknii'r imssairr iu Josepliiia ron-
rerninf' (ho Aioite ci/t »uf of thf! tmntnt'th', anil i/n.v'rtiy-
■■■.- ifc- •• .v.ui ... .1 1 LJ . . 1 i_ . . t .r
of (he Jews; (akc tl'C words of Havprcamp, chap. x.
■rrt. 4. " Nor Is (his (u l>« wiiiiilereil u(, that he would
nhttc
vh'i lliiiius fiilun', nir he liAil
i ii g l^ a isMf, wl i lfl i ' Ji e w oii t d i m l e i |ila i a, Imt i iiidma- I mil i imv i m .„ _
leitlolien pMiihcry nrrnturlly. and pro' ahly noi safe iiiiinl (o |irnvoke the ItoniK'is, hv apeakinn orthfede-
for him (o explain, as l:eJoiisin3 t,, ih* desdui'iiou of slriirlion of that city, wliicli tliuy iiillcd the tliriul
ihcRoinanemi>ife|iy Jesus cii.isl, the true McEsialic'ij.v
It ;. .
■I
.■■«f.
0(N)K X.— CHAP. XI.
•ilB
•ollafUd hit ilr»nm, h» *»• •••niiUhnk »t th«
naliir* iif fUnirl, »»•' ('» "|»'>" h'« '"' •• •"•' •••
liilxi llnnii'l In lN« iiiiuintr Ihiti mrii Mrnrtliip
(iiiil, mill (vvK I'liiwiniiiKl Ihxl hf •limilil l>c •■-
i;riA<-ril )<> «• II go«l' Anil lhi< »»« mil til, l<>r
ha nUn iiii|H>«iil iNd n«i|i* III hit own H»>\ U|>«ii
bull, I lliiliiiiir.liinil iiiiwlo him nml hi* kiii«iii<iii
raUrt iifhit whiilx kliiKdniiii whirh liiii<iiii>n ol
hi< hii|i|MiHil I" full ii'<|> IJ"i>» 'ling'' I')' '•>•
•iivy mill iiin!ii'« | "f Ih' "r *iiiMiini] fur Ihfy
off»iiil<"l th» liiin ii|>oii lh» miMiiin fulliiwiin;
h« iiinil"' nil liii'iK'* "' (("'''• who.' heiglil •»««
•Illy i-iililt«, mill il« lirmillh -t\ nilijl", miil •<l
II in Ih* fnkl iiUm ot Hub) Inn; uii<( Wlirn li*
w«a iriiinK III 'li-iiii'iit)- Ihi' inri^cr, ho invilrd llic
firim i|ml nirn mil ■>( nil ihi riirlh timl WM limlrr
lit iliMnliiii.iiM, mill i< inuiilfil ih'"'" 'n ihf fiml
oUcV, thnl whin ihiy •hmilil hinrthr miiiml of
ih* Irii'imirt, liny •hmilil Ihiri f.ill ilnwn «nil
wiir>hi|i llii' iiiiiijt'" ; ""'I hi' llir*Hlr,Mril lliul IhiiMi
whniliil nut •'!, .Iimilil Im rmt into a fl»ry fur-
niifi-- Whrn, lli»T«fiir>'. "H th« ttf^ ii|iim lh«
hrurinK of Itir nouml <>( lh<' WumfH't, wor«hipp»il
lh« iiiiiiKr, Ihi-y ri'liili-'l Ihm Dmiii'I'i kin^inrn
dill not ilo It, liVrniinr Ihi'y woiiM nut lr»n»nrin«
Iho Jtiw« of Ihi'ir rmiiitry i «i> lift"- imn with
ronvictvil nml i-*»t imin<:iliiiti-ly into Iho (in', hul
«»rrii «av*i| hy Tliillll^" I'riiviilriiffl, »nil Hdsf' »
■uriiHaiiiK lijiiHiif r i«r:iinH ili»lh, for tlio lint
iliil nut lonrti tlii'iii: miil I •iippmr Ihiit it IuiipIi-
ml thrill not, IK if it ri iiMini-il with il«>lf, ihiil
(hi-y wiTi' ciMt into il wiihotit iiny fmilt of tlifim,
■Hil lliiil Ihi'ri'forii it win too «fi'»k to linrn thr
Viiiiii<( mwi when thi-y >v«rc in il. Thi» wb«
doni' by Ihr powtT of <ioil,. who nimlr thir
boiliri no fur miiicrlor lo (hf rtrf, Ihiit it roulil
not coniiiMm tliMii. Thill it w»« which n-roin-
loniOi'il tlii'iu to Ihr kiiiKK" righlroiK nun, niiit
iiirn l)ilovi'<l-'(if lioil, on whirh (iccount they ron-
liniird in (("'»• rut''*''" with him.
li. A lillli' iiflir thin Ihi' klnic «nw in hn »lrvp
ncni" nnolhrr vioiiin: how hi' nhoiiM fiiH from
hi» ilominion, OHil frul iiiiionff llwi wilil hrmtn,
nml ihnt wiiin hn huillivi'il in thin iiinnnerin llir
ili.,iiTl fot^dun vi'iirn,' hii ulioujil riroitT Ilia
lionlinion npniin. ' Whin hi> hiiil iprn lliisilrrnni,
he nilW il ,lli<' iimKirinnii loKitlirr npnin, nml iii.
quiri'il ot.tliwii hliiiiit il, nml (leiircil theni lo till
him wliiit it NiiMiidiil; Ijut ivlirn none of thiin
eoolil linil o'lf •••'• MirnniHpuuf the ilriiiiii, niiri!i«-
roviT il to the kinjf, DnniTl wim the only i)iT*on
that cxiilninnl ill nml nn lii' forrlohl, no it iiiHir
tu pill!"; fur iif|i:r hi' liOil I'rinlinniil in the wililiT-
lieM thi' forenienliimrcl inliTvnl of lime, white
n'o oni' (InrKt nllinipt lo miio hin kinji.liun «1n-
rinp; Ihone seven yeiiri. he prnyiil totiod that he
might rei-over hn kiiiKdojn, and he relwriiid to
it. Hnl let no one liliinie me for lyrilintf down
every thiliR of Ihi" niilnri'.m I find it in imr lui-
cient bonk<; for h" lo ihnt nmtter. I hiivc |il»'iiily
auured thime that think m« defective )ii nny
•iirh |Miinl, nr rmnii.ain n( rav nian*|ten«fnl. and
hate lidil Ihrm in ine l» ([innliiK mI liiia hialury
thai I in^l'iiilt d lo dii no morr iliaii irnnaUta th«
lUhrew liooka ihlii Illr (irtrk Unni|*(«, awt
|ifoini<til lh< in III I tplam IhuM furlt, wllhiist
mldinn'aiiy Ihiiic In Ihrni of my ui»n, ur taklB(
ally ihuiK ■•*•> ("'tH Ihi lu,
ciur. xi.
Coiuirntng A'l huetinJintiitr »nJI>h fliieriuorn
and h»v Ihtir (<iir<rninrn( iriM ilitf-ilnil I") Ih*
Vtrnanti and uhni Ihingt hi fill llanttl i»
Mtdta.nndkihnl I'ruphtrirt h$ dthiHrtd lh*r*.
\ I. Now, when N«hui'hadiii itiir had rt'i|(neil
forly-lhrra y,e«r<i,t he riuleilhia lifi'. Ili' wm aa
aelive mnU, and more (urlniiiile than the kiiiip
thai were hel'urr him. Nuir llemaiia niukia
nieiilion of hia ui iiima in the third iHiok ol hi*
(.'haldaii' hlalor\, where he anva thua; "When
hia fiilhi r, Nilinehodonoaor, TiNalioiMilliiaaiir,)
heani Ihal Ihe noverniir whom he had Mt over
Krrpt ami the plwea aleml Cml.uyrm ami .
I'hienii'ia, had revolted IroHi him, while hi' waa
not hinnell'iilih' nil) loiijrer to iinderno tin hard-
ahipa (of war,! he ronniliUwl ♦« hia aon Nebu>
ehadnii/ar, Whii wna aliU-jliol H ymilh, annia
pafta. of hia army, iinl m nt Mni iwain-l Iheiii.
Siiwlim lVj-liiir'h.«lne*/ ir hiid (tliinhiillh, nml
I'mi^elit Willi ihe n liil, he I" iil him, iind n I need .
till eiinnlry I'roni under hii auliji ilioii, Mndni»d«
il II liraneli of hia «iwn kiiiitdnmi Imt »• • Ihat
lime II hapiM'iieil, that lii> tVillier Nehiieliod irto-
aiir [Nabopidhia-nrI Ull ill. nml endiil hia tile in
til* city of Maliy Ion, when he lind rnKirtd twen-
ly.oiie yrnri;) and whtii hr wji< iniiilennaihlB
aa he nna in a lillle lime, Ihnt hi* fnlher NeliM
eho<lono«or j i\»lio|iolhi»«iir| nna diiid, ami ha»-
\nf; aellh'd Ihe iilfiiira of !•.;;> pi, nml On'othfT
e ilrlea, ni alao thiiie ihul e.incunod llie enp-
ti*e Jew«, mid J'hienVinna, himI Siiiiini, mid
thoae of the Kityplinn niiliona, niid liiivini; roiii-
milted Ihe eonvVviim f Ihini lo Hiih) 1)0 to
certain of hia frienila, loKrllier with ihr (troaa of
hia army, nml the i'i'«t of lh< ir ninininiliin and
prnvbgona. he went himailf iin»lily, uirmnpimied
with n. lew olher». ovir the di «rrt, niid e iiiic In
Kiibylon. So hi' li'ok npon liini llii numiiKi menl
of piiblie alfiilr». mid ol tiie kiiiKil-nii whi. Ii llnd
Iweii kriit for him by iini- Ihnt >tu« till' piinripnl
of the < hnld(«n«, and hr rinivid iln' entire
dominiona of bin fiilhii', nnd iippoliil. d, llint
rthen thii Captivea ranir, ihey "bmdd ln' pl.ii'ed
na eidotiiea, irt Ibe mo«l proper plni'ea of lluby.
Ionia: lint ihen he ndorned the «i niple iit I'.elna,
iind the re*! of the ti niplra, in n iiiriitniliiTeni
iiinnnir, with the apoila he hiid liikrii in war.
He nUA mlib'd uniillirr eily lo thnl uljiih win
there of "Id, niid rebuilt il, ibnl siuh iV* would
beaii'jce it heriiifter iiiii;ht no more turn llie.
rniirae of the river, and then by iillark the city
♦ Plnre .loaephiia here eTplnhia llie fffr* proplietli-
limm whii'li weru to pnaaover Neliiielin(lne7.«iir, Dun.
I». ili. '" ''e.«»nrn yrnm, wrltren.-e leiirn bow hi- iiiokI
nfohnlilv nm») hnve nmlpnilnoil tl;o»e oilier pnrjlli I
innrkalile, tioih fn aiirreil nmlprnfniie iiiiHior". llint»ii»h
n vai-iilly ofeialit yiiir" al IH'' leii'i.li* M"' l.-JIfTeiiiH
hia reisn, iiHial la-nMownl in mltii' very well with Tin. .
iera ari'oniila, Ihiil nfler a aevcn \ii;ir<' I mini Hfe lie
;iirn«i'»or» limt. limf.mta half, Anliq. 1.. vM.ili. irfl«hlre.liiinlo).ilariv.jmi.niii| loll reverrNeof tiiaroy
,iv i)l'«imnnvi.roiihetlrilc«ranlao,lhon'!hlie«iIlinl ;,! iintliorily.forone whole i.'rir ii! Ii'.ol lailoreliiaili'illll.
\eU II- !tmm-. Iiv liii lil'il ill Ih* Interpreliillon of llie t'l'liene H yenrs for Ihe iliirMiioii of t.in n.liii of
• - ' N-ei,iirliii<tiie»7.iir nre, nalliiivcjiin' lowoliaerviul. Iha
verv.anniB niiiiihiT in riolemy'* i-i'iinn, Miiaeat'hore
Miiiaia iloea nlwi ronflrni 11''.' nipllvliv of Ibe Jew« iin-
ijer Nehiirlmihieniinr; iiiii) iiil.ili>, wl.Ki la »''"• rnniirka-
llie, llinloneofllioaeji'wa Mini were rirrieil by him In
lo onpliv^iv BOl nwny inl" Ar iiin, iind rairej tlic
!(i«nl fnnilly nl'Ihe Iberrhililn' t' ere.
1 Tlieae'il veiira I ere aairlhiyl in on" nnme'l A".iSui(-
^«»«orln the fifit hook nL'idil'i' ^|li"n,or^oNaho|ollna•
wir.thefntherof He ^ria' N"' le'l'mliii 7Jinr, ar,- nian
Ihe very «ame will llioai-i'lven him In l'loli'iny'.iinnon
And iwi'e liere. Hint w.hni "r. I'riil''niii naia. aMlie
ni'> , thnl Ni'taii-lmil'ii'Tt ar niiK' liavi' I'li'ii a mm
let . , ,
adpriln w^al.'*, na helonijhii to the foHrlji iiinnnrpliy,
anil Hie deal nii'timi lif JeriHnlem hy Ihe llnniaii.' in llie
ilnv'of .lonepiiia.'l'np. ii.ai-pl. 7,thtit he did nor think
t^oai' '""'fra |olw? hnre ifrtirii,.\\i\\'rTt\\iej dn^n ftir itrnr* ;
by whlrli riTkiinlii^r. unil hy whirh nlrine, rouhl 711
■ w(N>>a. or I'.lli d'va, rj-arh lollieii-feof Joseptiii!i.- Itiir nA
lo Ihe trnt'i ol' llioar aevi-n yeofa' hnnlaliiueiil of .Vehii-
e,iinilni"/.r. r I' oin men, niul liia llvlnii ao long nnioticthe
benala, |i'e v-rv amall reinniiiawe liaveahv wlinrerlw
of lion Ni.'ii'! (liliii-77.ir,prcvi"Uourcxpi'r(ntl(iaof any
ether *(\lll arrminl of It. Po far we know liv Piolemy'M
cheon, n .niiieiniiorarv re. ord, na well aa Tiy Joaephiia
pf,.. (.nOe.lhnl I ' o relirned In nil , ri vearr . M i ni is , ligl i l
yenranf'er wni'i'l nith niiyarronntof lilaa'linna,onn
Of Mielnat ol whic'i \vi«"i' ri venra' »V";c of 'I'yrp,
Aiil. li. x'.Pii. »i. where ye' thefllil l.ntinhaaliiit'liree
^enraniiil'cn eioni| .)i"t wen hia.-tiono liffore jore
ye a r
ihon iMinK-oroH'i'rlibva ol Pi,liylon,i.i-jiiiiM f .■ rrent
Ni*iiibndiie7.r.nT luni'ri". 1« n urpn.dltai ihi fake of
aoiBn iivode'rt .hinnnli);;! -3 o.'dy, uiid iKatlln'e of all
p'operorli'liu' niihority
, i
#■
lltO
ItMlfi fl« llMrtfom liNlIt ikfc* wiilU ruMiHl alMml
iha Imwr isiif • ■)»i Itrri* iilh*n«li<iHl thai which
wu lir> iiHKr, ami (hit ha illil Mllh hurnt lifiik
An<l aft*' hu hail, tttit a iHuiiinlnii niaiiii»r. wall'
ail th« III), Anil ailornail lU aalx aluriiiu«l>,
ha iHiilt aKOlhar |ialara liahira hU lallirr •
|Mlair. l>Ht tiilhat It waajoinail In it i In ilrarrilw
Mrho^r tia*! hri|hl, anil IIMIIianu rii llr«, II wiiulil
C'rlMix lio I") iiiiii'h fur ma In altainpti jut a*
n« anil ti><tjr •• itlajr wara. Ihajt wrr* i uiiipla-
tail In lh*rii ilajta.* Ha alau *r« tril rlnralril
jilai'«a for watklni, nf •tuna, anil niaila It rxiMi'
IiIk MKHiiilaliK, aiiit linill It ut lliat it |iii|ht Iw
|ilanla<l wilh all tiirli of tract Ha alci rri><'l«il
what waa lalliiil a iialiiila |Nlrailiav, liarauaa hli
wifa waa ilralmiia In ha«a ihin|» lik« h«<r Awn
cuiliilrv, •hai haviiiK Iwrii hrml up in tha |ialai'r«
ul Mrilia." Mi'KMiltti'iii'* aUit. in thi> t'oiirlh tifittli
of hu ai'i'olinti nl lililla, iiiakai niriiliiiii nf tha«a
Ihing*, anil Ihrrrliy amlaaaora In iliiiw that ihU
|lin|( [Nchurbailiirllar) *>i:aailail llrrimlra in
"fertitwn, ami in 4li« Kraaliwaa uf hi» artioiUi
for hr laith, that "hr riini|uarvil a (^riat |>art of
l.ititaanil llicria." IliurUa aUo, In tha •rriinil
hiiiili nf kia ai'i'iiunla nf I'lmlH, nivnilnna thi4
IttiiKi at iliira I'hIliMlratut, In hl« moiuiiU hiilh
ofliiiliw anil of I'hiiinii'i*. lajr, Ihiil "thit kin|[
llailaK'il Tyrn llilrtran jraan, whila al tha niiiia
tiiiiii Klhliiiul ri Ikih'iI at 'I'jrrv. Th*"' am all
thr hiilurirt that I hnv« iiu'l itilh i-niKi'mini;
Ihia kiiiK,
3. liul now, nftar thr ilaath nf NrbKi'liailnrt-
Mr, Ktll-Mrruilarh, hi* ion, tiicrii'ili il in Ilia
kinfclnni, whn Iniiiirilistrly tit Jeciiiiliih al llhi'f-
ly, ami raturini'il hini niiiiiiiK hit nii»l Inliniiili'
frtriiJi: ha hUii Ka«i> hliii many |imi'nt>, iiiiil
niiula hmi hnnumlilii nlinva tha nil nf tlH- kiiiK*
', that war* In lliihtlnn; fur hit falhi r hail not
jtrpt hi* failh ivil'h Ji'i'iiiilah, whin lia vuliiiila-
rlly ilrlivuri'il up hliiiirif In hliii, Willi h'< wivi-i
•ml I'htlilraii.niiil hia whnli' kimln^l.rir Ihp <:ikr
of hta iniinlry, tbut il nilKhl mil lia liikrii liy
•Ian, Hixl ullrrly ili'itrnynl, aa w« tiiiil iHlorr.
Wnrti Kv|l-Mrrii>l«i'li nut ilfHil, rtlinr n nlxn nf
•iKhtrrit y^ara, M^llaanr, hIa ann, took lllr gn-
Trrhnirnt, anil rilinni'l It '■»'ly yavn, niiil Ihrn
•nili-il Ilia llfr: mill nfirr him tlia t'ui:ci'aaiun In
4bv kiiiKiiuni raiiid In hia aim l.alioanAliiiiia, wtin
.Continiiril in It In nil hut nlm* niunlht; uml whrn
he wna ilrail il caiiii' In Haltiiaar.f who, by Ihr
Bahyliiniana, wlia Crtlltil NhIiikiiiiIfIiiiv nx"'""'
.him iliil ('yrua, Ilia king i>f I'lraiii, iiiiil Dui'lix,
, the kInK nf Mrilln, makf wiir; aii>l wlii:n hf wii*
bcaieKril in l(ali)luti, thi'ra bapix-liril ■ wonilrr-
ful anil nru(ll;(lnua «l*ion. He ivaannl down at
•upper III a l»r|;e ronm, ami iliirf win' a ^rriit
many vraai'la of ailvrr, aui'h n« wan- mude for
< royal rntirtuinmriiU, ami hr hml with him Ilia
concubinrt, ami hit frirmlt; whi^rrupnn Itr ciime
to A rt'toliitlnn, anil commnmii'il that Ihnar vi^t-
•ria nf (iiiil whiili Ncbui'hiiiliii'rtiir hud pliindvr-
<hI out nf Jiriianlriti^ iiii'l had mil iimli' iiai^ of,
but liail put thi'iu into hia own temple, ahnukl ba
*Tlii<ai<;I./'f>iinilnyafor AnlahliwaiirhTniit l'Ulli|ia|ia
lit nnliylmi, InJoiTpl ila'a ropy llf RrriMUH, ttoillcl Wflii
liK> iilMurMo \<v i<u|i|i»<i'<lln I'l' tliii iriip imiul'cr, urii*
Il lint fur f)iFp«aim'<i'>>i<)i<>'<y ''ilnx' <>'■<> in Hi" Ural I'ook
acnlnKt Apioti, wil. \'X vol. iv. with Dia •.inii' iminlH'r.
It liicuri' imlfli'il appi'iira. Iliril Jimppliiia'a ropy of llpro-
aiia l>nil lliiaaiiuill niiiiilu'r, liuttiiiil l> iaihi' Iruo iiuni.
Iipr I Kitll dniilil, JiXPHliua iiaaiiri't iia lltiil the wallaof
iO'miiHin aiiinllcr I'liy il« Jmiaalfiii wi-rn two yaaft
•ml four iiiuiitlMin liuiiilim ^v NpIii'ihIiiIi, w'ho }cl lin«
" ■ leiiml lli« « ork illll a f oiilil, Antiq. Ii. il. rli. v. twl. f .
I alHiu'il tliliik IIAihiva, or .1 yrnr nAit IS Uayt, much
more iTOiwrliimiililr 'nun rrpdl n work. ^
t II la liirc rpiiinrliiihU-, Hint Jnar'tiliiia. wlll>out Ilia
linowli'ili'i' of I'liilPiny'a niiinn, alimitil rail Ifie ti\iiie
kini. w' oin lie Imnai'lflinri', lliir. i. II, ami Ifnii. v. I,
g.l), I'.', '.".', '.".I, ril.aivli't W"^"'ii'»or BuN^atiaryfigni
ANTIQUITU.* or Tin: JRWi.
hniMfht n«t nf that laiNpla.
*.
Ha alwi graar ta
haiiihly at lu iiriiraril in uaa Ihi 111 in tha mlilil
uf lilt ru|i«, drinking nnl uf tkaiii, ami blatfilla-
niing agaiiiat ttml. In tha noan lima, ha taw •
liaiiJ proraail iiiit nf tha wall, and wnling H|mhi
larlaln •yllabUa at whuh aighl Iwing
1 1 tial'lrana
Iha wall
ditlurlird, ha i'all*il iha maginana and
Ingalhrr, ami all tort of niln that ara among
thita llarlHirlant, and wara ahia to intarpral
tigpa and ilraamt, ihat thay might niilam iKa
writing to htm. Hut whan Iha iiiagii lanaaaid tlivy
I'ouhl illti ufT nnthing, nor did umliiraland il lh«
kniK waa hi graat diaoiili r ol inHid, and uiidar
grrut trnulda al thl< aurprialng at ihIi nl ; ••• ha
cautad it to b* priH'laimtd through all tha (i*Hn>
try, and pmmlaad, Itiat tn him who muld at-
plain tha writing, and gita tha •ignilti aliob
loiirhrd Ihrrrjn, 'hi'" aulind ni>a him a gidilan
rhain for ^ilj>1>''k, and la|>vi' to wrar a purpla
1 .„^,j .^ kinga nf ('haldrn, and would
oirhiiii Iha Ihlrdparl of hia own dunlin-
l|;c Ilii''vloni!iii iruil Ki'l, /filnn ilr:aii iilto; ami m Ilia
(liat I oiik aa ilint Apion.iM'ft. *(■, I'rwn ••"' ""'m' ■ ilollon
out of ni'riMii«.>V"*»i<a"fi". frniii the lliiliykininn cod
NbIk) or Vflio. Tlil«l;iili« not rmniilc from thr orisinal
praiiuiicialion itiolf In I'tornny'a canon, JfttoMdiut,
garmant,'
iiaatna
iiiiM, VVIuif Ihia i>«u:litluali'>i< wa< luada, iW
iiiagii'iant ran togrthrr mora varliraily, and war*
yrry Hiiibitioua tn And out tha lni|iorlHiii'a of tha
writing, hut alitl hrtllatail ahnul It at muih at
Itrfuri'. Mow whrn tha kiiig't grnndiiiuthar taw
him rait down at thit arridrnl,! tha brgnn lo
I'ni'ouraga him, and to toy, |hat "Iharr Wat »
rrrtniii iiipiiyi' who raiiir from Judva, ■ Jrw lif
birth, bill bniiight away thnira by Nahurhad-
mitar, whrn h« had i|itiruyrd Jrruaali'in,
whoaa llama waa Danial, a winp mnn, and niiih ul
?jraat aagarily In Aniling out what wiit im|HitaibU
or otlirrt tn diwovar, mid wlmt waa known tn
ttod ahma; who hroiiglil lo Itglil ami iui«v^i'i'i'd
aiii'h i|HralioHt In ISi'lMii'hailnrxnr iit no nun
rlic wilt abl« In anawrrwhrn tlirv wrri' rontiill-
rd'. Hh# Ihvrafnra ilctirail Ihnt )>» wouhl trnd
for hlpi, and impiirn of liini roiirarnuig thr wri*
ling, mill to rondrmii llir iiiiakillidiii'ia nf thoaa
who rnuld not And thiir mrnnliig, and Iliit, al>
lIlouKh whiil (iuil ilgniliad thi'riby ihoutd be of
a inclanrholv natnrr."
;l. Whrn °llalta«arhriird thia, ha rallrd for l)a>
nii'l; and when h« had diai'our'iad lo him what
ha had Irarnad roiiririiiiig hint and hit wiwlnni,
iinil hniv 11 lllvini' Splril wna nilh hliu; aiid that
hr aloiir wat fully ca|iabl<! of fimllng nut what
nthcra wnuld nryrr hnvi' thought of, lie d'alrid
him In drihira III hiftia)int thia willing niruiili
that if III' did an, hr wolld givii him Idivrto wiar
purpli', and lo pill n ihnin of gold nbnut hitifi'i'k,
iiud would bcaluw on him Iha third part of hia
dumihiun, at iin honorary ri'wnnl for hitwli,d»ni,
that thrri'liy ho might iHToniKillnitrioiit lolbo«n
wl|o tnw him, mid who ini|ulr>'il upon uhni OTa-
•inn hi' ottlnlmid iiuh lionon. Hut Daniel d«-
tired, lhat " li« would kerp hit gifta lo himnlf:
for nlint I* thr rtfrrt of witdom and ordlvlilr rt-
valntlun, Mdniiltof no glfla, and brtlowa ita ad-
vantagi'B nn prlilionirn (rrilv, but ihtil alill lia
would I'spliiin Ilia writing toltini; whiih dinolid
thill Ih> ahuuld toon ijir,' aiid thit brcaunw hr hwl
for ImMIiiIip pinre of Ihli klni In thai rnnnn. at lhi> Inai
of thr ^aayrinnnrllnhylmiiaiiliirlvK. ntlil llii'iiiiml'rror
yrnraof Ilia rniKn. arvrntri'n, llmahnir In I'mli.ttciitoii-
alrnic lliiit It I.1 nitr nnit ttii'a;imn klna Hint iii mennl l-y
llirm all. Itif iilao worlli hoTiiii!. Hint .liMrpI iia knvw
Ihnt llnrlua, jlia pntlpri' of ryrim, wna Hir aon of Vaiya'
lira, mill iviiai'nili'ill'y niiuthrr Mniiirmnona il rClii'ka,
thnitih it ilora nol nppanr lie knrw whni Ihai iinii a wna,
na liavlnif nhvrr arrn Ilia liral M-inry nf Ihit perjiiil,
which la Xrnopliim'a. fliil then lyl^tt Jnai'pliu»''> prp
aeiil foplaaifiiv l^rrtl•nlly,<lr<•l.^,l|lnt II wna nnlv wlilp
inaa/ia/r 'laianflartlie liand-wrilliif on the wall that
naltnxnr wtia alain, ilova not an urll afrce wilh oar
roplraof Daniel, which aay It waa fit tiimtnigH, Dan
V. :«•.
■ t 'I'liit rriindinoiM^r or innllirr of rnttnaar. the
meeii ilowniirf of lliihyloii.^for alic ia dlaltnguuhrd
forgo
frrd
from hia.oiirrn, linn. v. to, 31,) arnna lo I nvr Irrn ilia
famoua Nltiii-ria, who fnitir'nt llahyinn nsiilnsl tha
Mrilrinnd rcrainnt. ami ill .ill proi'Hl'ililv cnvrrnrd
under Itnllnanr, whowcma tohivelKcn • we»l( gnii
eflcihinale prince.
BO()k X— ChAf. XI.
«hm« lm».«i. ».•»"•• ") '••'•'' l»'"t''""«J« •;"
Ul ..lt.r.il l..«l.Ht, .«.! »»»••'**■ t" »"» I'"*
r..».»l.n Low \*rM.*li»"n'i'i»f *•• r.ni..«»'i l«
«».il ' " "■"
in
MM li« #llh (lliii. Ih' > •«»i|M «nf •..»i» "•"»»
Ilir»> liMira II 'In* , ll.« > lli.Mtiihl llir|f »*' l"«<»*
«n Ml »•)•!» I>) whtih ihr* migtii.niiH lii«n ••
Ihvf fmfi» »•• UiriM", Hwl •"Jil •'•(». ''»'•• "'"•
' I _- L...1
nmoiiii Willi l'rii««». ' " l'i». lill|.i««in> *—t
■«l„l III. •..Ml. ilH..M«>l 111* IIMMtllldMl «h!.«
lh»r.l.ir» tluil .III* ilif. iit'l >»'i» tintrji wIMi lilm,
.1 .l...l._.l h^ l.i< ■i.>iliiiir iMliir lllllMJ. Wtlltl •
I lUiH.. iiimI Ihtrr inri.li.
«. Whrfriii.in ill. kiMir. »i»l«« ""• •''"("»•<»••"
wlltilhrir»i.ll..UI<.'«". ""'Wt"'*""^ ,'•"" '*
„,i.,.*ii...„.. „. i*;;,^ "t-'W*';;," -r™ I Jr,:„iV.ii". .y. Jh.. .h», .'«"*■♦ '»• "'r
h* rthlmniil llir t»rll»»R (l.l|.i--»l Vll "• '""• , .,,,.i,.,i ,„ ,,(„./•„ „ri.llllllKll)r •■> lllf |H-'|''«
T«.**,l.. Till* .iitMir... » JIVM/. ..,.1 ....:,.... , \" J XX '.^1 H I. ihr .11(1.1 .rf 111".. •»'
<i„.l«ill.l..r.l„r.. I.r..l. Ill, ^ '"-'''r "' '"' ' **N Z iS ««.
. . , 1 ;....;._... .!.« kill 1. ull'i I'l t.lHII>. ItWII'Wlt.'* "»• I"
\
"il .iiii..nK tlir ,»|i'^- i.ii'i l'ir.i»ii".
"i. VVh.ii I>.iHiil Hill »'H •li" »i''K ""'• ""■
Ulillli.lill-
WfUM.it "IHill 111! »„ll .lHllllll.l \l.. -l- *«.<.l-
Mu. |.,lii*X|*ii>-.l. Htiiiill" iiit.ri"'itnt|..mv«f
•U ll.'..V) H|..<M llH" " '«'♦"• 'll''"' I"V " '"""
whilt Im hiiil liri.i.ii.iil I) I. i<lft>i)iil«l' "• »"••
l„,.o..,« . f nl.tl.f.f n.i.r,.ll.n.... t.. 111..., .11
.|M.rt..U«.l U .11 rt|>"« hi"' »• '»*"•."'"« "','"• "'!'/
whi.ili.'W'i'i'ir'W'" ' "•" I"'"!'"'- •" t>M>;*'y
mill I.I fi.1.-. hikI 'Ii.I n.nl..l.i»«'"""I""l''"'i
bat Ihut il w,.. tiM- purl ..I ii )c "' ' "« ">*"' '"""
lottUr «h;«t !■'■ I''"' I"-"'" ■".""'""' '' •'" ,' '"]*'
w/rr 1.1 I. in. |.m. I'.l.v i>i'V"- ^, Af- ■ >.•-<•
Wliilr. I».ll' lmii-ir i.ml •!'•• >•'«> vri-riM- n hy
Cyn... f..' KiMK I.I' IVr.i.., wl... f-.H^l.t HKmn.t
WM Kik.n. ivl.... I.« h.id r.i»,n.U.vii.l<'.i.y4.»r..
Ami (lil-i.ili. . u.l III ll'" V 1.I.V ol kiiiK >'•
H:.i.Nl..ii «Ltni"" I') l>..««.»'"l «l"" '"-.'vtV'
hit tiii-iiiim'^ri... I|»il JMit »'« • "■! •" ''"■ ''"""- 1
„.,U,.nl,. !U^I.^I..'n.".». I'lWMi. ..xlv.t.,..).i.r-
oiii. II.' wi.» ii .■ «..'« "f V""; »>;<■'• .".»'' '""' »","•
tuok 1»i.i".l tl..' iTc'ljI'i'l. ""ili'iri'i.'l I."" win
him inlii M'-l'- I.".!!'.;"""'" '"'" ""f K""'.'/'
nml k.pl l.i'" »■"'' •'''"' """ ■"' "■" "1" "',"'"
tl.rci' |.i-.»i.li "I" "•""" hr Mt ..V.T lii« tlir..'
hiiii.)r.'l 1... 1 mM V |.r.>vi.>c»», fur mto •(> iMUliy
iliil Darius I'iirt I'mi.
5 llowivir, wliili' Dmiiil wi>» HI ■"> Itnnt ■
ilil-nih , Ml. 1 ill ."«'•«■.■" iKvor Willi Duni'., u"<l
«.,,. „(,....■ inliMi.l.il will, cvry tl.iiii; I'v I'lui, «.
Inning •ciii.'ivl.:'* iliviiii:lii hlin, hr w»v .iimil
iiime iirf»fm'T ..» »"' •..'» ■ -
Ih.1 l>»nt.» "«• tl" .."ly,|N r...i. Il'iil IrHii'll" "•
iilll.r .l»<-i«-f, wliilf «"' <'"• uf «••"/•"' ">•"•
,„»* lu ll.»ir |...U. Ilii* .li.i'n«rry th. » ...".li-.
liirt'lM . iiiiM. ofTiu t.iii't. I) . I'"" iM'Kiii" 'Vy hill
*.aih..» him. ii'l ..l«.rv.il hi... i...t or..i..y for
i.ii|.|n.in»r «lMit llnriii. il|il 'I'"" ""' ''• * K"*,'."
i.ii|i|i.i'inir "Mil inriin III" - •■■•■ ■'• ~ .T ,"»'
lilniiili." !•' Iitui Ihi" lh.v r«l»'lnl. I'"' '"•' '■•
WM rru.tv U< smiil I'liI' « |iinf"" f\>' ""* '"'•"'VP^
a< hi» ili,ril|n'i..n», "i.'l riiV)ii
iTi ni» .iii«i|i. Mi.i.-, "li-t '■■»j'i*K ' "* ' y I ,1
I.I \)\tmi. tlti 1 .Ii.I mil Iwroiw »rrv luviimHl*
1.1 hl.n, li-'t >)< .1 .1 111 "I'Hl'' '"• <•*•' '""• "'" TZ
„( Worn. ,ril..i« ti. Ou l««- J^' •»'""'•. '"•I*'"!
timt «iuil WLiJil .il livir I'iiti. I'll 1^^ ••'"» "V """!'«
unil«r|t.. iiXliini! lliM h*« •<"il'»< l>y ""• *''» .
1,1,. n" Imilr^ hi... hiir tI'M »rilil.i« I'h.-.ffMlyi
Hiiii rthin hr w»« r».l iiil.i tl'i^ O''". "'<• I"" '•'•
•.nl III 111., "loll. tl...l Uy i.|Mi" 111! i"""<'' " [»* "
il...i, «ml HMil hi. wnyi liiil h« .ww. all «M
nijilit wii'imil fix.ll, irii.l wilhont .I.' p. '"•'"I '«•
ItrTut .li.tr... f.ir Hiiiii. 1, H"« «l>'" '' wW"!"/.
Ill- ir.it ii|>. «i).l •■."»» I" »•>♦ ''"'• •"•' '"'""' "J
...»l .iilMv. whiW' 111' hii.l I. II 111'' »•'""• •<•»'»•
ivilliel; Ik :iN'>o|t«"«^'l •'"■ *• "'• "•»'.'/''"• ""*•
«Hll .-..lliil t.l Dlll'lll, D»«l ''"I""' •">"• "f '"' """•
illiv..1 And n- •..'«! n» i«- hmnl lli.k...|r« »'»«•.
nn.l aiiiil ihiit Im' h«il mitr.rnl ii.i h.irii.. Ilir kiM
r»y/i- ofilll' tll»l h.' .Ii..ul'l !"• ''f-'HU .l|;yi'l '.I 111*
.ill., N..W wtMII l»i« < 111 "lilt •I'* •I'"' """'•'
bail «iimr.'.l ii.illiiiiK wl'i"-!' "»• «"■"'»'•'■•"«/
wiMil'l ii"< "Wii tlwi h.- ♦»«.« lir... r»... l.v J.ofl,
imill.v hi« nf.iit.liii'-i': I'lU H".) mM.!. llinl h«
liiiiKhHil III! .1 lill.il full wlll.Mo.1, ami on tl.«t
arroiintil wiiM"Hl"V »n|'|i»«<'il. "iM tlif Ii.'HJ
w..iil'l not l.mrli ll.mi. I. ""r-»i"i' <■■ luii'; "nil
tl,i. thpy «II. Kill I.. Il"' l«"'',r, '';" "»■ •"'*• ""*
of ail Bl.liorrviu-.- of llirir .vi.kri'm «. ifHv* ..riler,
^ " '^ ,1,01,1.1 \h- f «.I into Ihi lien, llo>l miifhl W»ra
whilhiT lt.1- lion., now th.j ».rr lull, w.>uld
touch th.ni or not. A'l'l i« "|'P<«rrH nimi. to D«-
rim. KfliT thr priiicf" hiiil !• • .' c.,.i lo ihr wild
lliiit wrr<
|>«lffll "l.H ill W
ttlljiHii. M fl.i'-'
iVitair l>«i(f'l " ...
oir ,i.m iii-'iln-l I'i'i'. 1m uHoi-'li-il It""' "» '";*1-
•|.,i. Ill 1.11, l"r iiH li.-wi,tll'ij.\e nil III' H"il>l"l|»
f ,!i,.. , , „ .".1 lU-i''- ■'"•"'•'■7r -"i '•^•'■••""■P I :■'"••.»"';,'; '7, ';TKo;r»i;..' pr,..v;,.ir'n.ni'«f.
iiiiwliV-'ri.r 111,' »i-.li.nli.i"- !?o wh..ii thr;r roiiH
llml nollii,-!,' l...-«l'i'l' ihryimsl'tf ■'"""'»""« '""'
to the Lii'Ki ii.'ili'"^ 'l"'» *»" •'"•»'«'"» *»•■ '"■
• 1. i.nowav li.i|iro>mI,lelliB' I)i>iiii'.''*enfn.li>«ml«nt
• lll»no»ayiiii|"™ ,„.,„, .,„ n,,,,, aiii ml
"ot th.ir1...n-.T. whiih iin.l -rrn » 1,11 .• brfor.
!!iai.fi.<l with ul.umlniiv.' Ill Ill-ill. >>»< lllf wicli-
riii.rBKrH i.j ,i.,.,i,,i. wna.lti, Inii- tfumn of
i,.«kln««iirrrilil<.ni. |.A,«>rin,pnt iiiwii ll-ow •'!• «••-
B.,iiiifewi.M ';•;;•;»"" ■;;j;v;.;,;;:;i"r,7;.rin.,.;;«:hi;o ';;,» 'nn .n .h-ir r,r„.iiii-. i>an vi. «<, u,oinh o»f
VlMt7«rcl.D»r»'.i t^^iMhC'irc U wa. ll..t Ix en- ; o{b« copl«.>IP no. ilirccly .nke no.«:e of '«• ■ ■
r
ia\t
/ 1
«¥
tl8
aNtiquitii» of the jews
•docH of llieia nuen, Ihit prorokril th«ro [to dr-
■truv the princct;] for if it no plcnir, Ciou, (hat
wicveilneH might, even by thoae irrationil creii-
lures, bit esteemed • plain fuundition for their
puniihnxeol.
7. When, thertforr , thoio that hid intended
thua to destroy Daniel by Ireacherv, were them-
aelves dcstmyed, kine Dar'ius Kent [letters] over
•II the country, mid praiaed that (!o<r whom
Daniel worshipped) and said,' that "he was the
only tru« God, and tlad all power." He had also
Daniel In vcrv gniat esteem, and made him the
Eriiii ipal of his friend*, JVow when Daniel was
ecome so illustrious aiid famous, on account of
the drpinion men had that h« wna beloved oftioTt,
he built a tower at Ecbatana in Media: it was a
most elegant building;, and wonderfully made,
■nd it is still remaining, and preserved to this
day; and to such as see it, it appears to /have
been lately builtr and to have ticen no older than
that very day ; when any one looks upon it, it is
lo friesb, flourishing, and beautiful', and no way
Srown old in so long a time;* for buildings suffer
le same ais men do, they grow old as well as
they, aiid by numbers of years their strength is
dissolveil, and tlieirbeauty withered. Now they
bury the kings of Media, of Persia, and Farthia,
in this tower to tliis day; and he who was in-
trusted with tbe cnre of it, was a Jewish priest;
which thing is also pbserved to this day ; but it is
fit to give an account of what this mu{| did,
which is most admirable to hear, for he was so
happy at to have strange revelations made to
him, and those as to one of the greatest of the
Erophets, insomuch, that while he was aliv^ be
ad the esteem and applause both of the kings
•nd of the ntultilude, and now he is dead, he re-
tains a remembrance that will never fail, for the
levcral books that he wrote and left behind liiiu
•cc still read by^ us till this time, and from them
we believe that Daniel (Conversed with God ; for
he did not only propliesy of future events, as did
the other prophets, but he also determined the
time of their accomplithnient: and while pro-
phets used to foretell misfortunes, and on that ac-
count were disagreeable Jioth to t|ie kings and
to the multitude, Daniel was to them • prophet
of good things, and this to such a degree, that
by the agreeable naturt! of his predictions, he
procured the good-will of all men, and by the ac-
complishment of them he procured the belief of
their truth, and the opinion of [a sort of] divinity
for himself, among the multitude. He also wrote
•nd left. behind him what made manifest the ac^
curacy and undeniable veracity of his predic-
tions ; for he saith, that "when he was in Susi),
the metropolis of Persia, and went out into the
field with his companions, there was, on the
sudden, a motion and concussion of the earth,
•nd that he was left alone by himself, his friends
fiyiiig away from him; and thathe wasdisturlicd,
•nd fell on his fpce, and oh his two bands, and
that a|j certain person touched him, and at the
lantfe time, bade him rise and see what wnul|f
beCsli his countrymen after many generations.
He also related, that when he stood up, be was
shown a great ram, with many horns growing
out of hisnead.and that the last was higher than
the rest; that after this he looked to the west,
•nd saw a he-goat carried though the air frQm
that.^uarter, that he rushed upon the ram with
violence, and smote him twice with his horns,
•ndeverthrew him to the ground, •nd trampled
upon, him ; that afterward he saw a very (great
horn growing out of the head of the he-goat, and
* What Josepbiis here snjrn, that the stones of the
aepulehresof the kings of Persia at this tower, or those
perhaps of the same sort that are now commonly
called the rulna of Perse|iolis, continued so entire and
■•altered in b)» days, as if they were lately put there.
that when it was broken off, four horni fnw up
that were exposed to each of the four winds, and
he wrote that out of them arose another lesser
horn, which, ai he said, waxed great; and that
(Sod showed to hinu that it shoultl fight against
his nation^, and take their city by forre,^ and
bring the temple-worship to confusion, and for-
bid the sacrifices to be oAVred for one thousiirid
two hundred and ninety-six days." Daniel wrote
that he saw Iht-se risiona in the plain of Susa;
and he hath informed' us, that Uoij interpreted
the appearance of this vision after the following
manner: " He said that the ram signified tlie
kingdoms of the Mcdes and Persian*, and the
horns those kings that were to reign in them;
ami that the last norn signified the last king, and
that he should excised all the kings in riches and
glory; that the goat signified that one should
come and reign from the Greeks, who should
twice figiit with the Persian, and overcame him
in battle, and should receive his entire dominion;
that by the great horn which sprang out of the
forehead of the he-goat was meant the timt kiiij;;
and that the springing up of four horns U|%h itk
falling off, and the conversion of every one of
them 16 the four quarters of the earth, signified
the suncessors that should arise uftrr the death
of the first king, and the partition of the kingdom
among theni, and that ttiey should be neither his
children, nor of his kindred, that should nigii
over the habitable enrth for nianv years; and tliat
from among theui there should arise a certain
king that should overcome our nation and their,
laws, and should take awny their political go-
vernment, and should spoil tne'^emple, ami tor-
bid th« sacrifices to be offered for three year-'
time." And indted so it came to pass, that oi.i-
nation suffered these things under Antiochi.a
Rpiphanes, according to Daniel's virion, ami
wbat he wrote many years before they cnina
to pau. In the very same manner Daniel also
wrote concerning tiic Roman government, and
that our country should be iiiade desrd:ilp liy
them. All these things did this man liitvr in
writing, as God had showed them tp him, inaot
uinch, that such at read hit iiropherfes, uiid sea
how they have been fulfilled, would wonder at
the hunor whereWi^God honored Daniel; and
may tlience discovl^Rtow the Epicureans are
in an error, who cast Providence out of htinian
life, and do not believe that God takes care^f the
affairs of the world, nor that the universe it
governed and continued in being bJT that blessed
and immortal nature, but say that the worldis
carried along of its own accord, without a ruler
and a curator; which, were it destitute oftguide
to conduct it, as they iilfitgine, it would be like
ships without pilots, which we see drowned bv .
the winds, or like chariots without drivers, whicn
arc overturned, so would the world be dnshcd lo
piecrs by its being carried without a Providence,
and so perish and come to nouglit. So lliat,. by
the foreinentioned predictions of Daniel, those
men seem to me very niuch to err from the truth,
who determine, thatGod exercises no providence
over human affairs; for if that were , (he cnse, that
the world went on by mechanical necessity, wc
should not see that all things would come to pass
according to hit prophecy. K'ow as to myse.IC
I have so described these matters as 1 have
found them and read them; but if any one it in-
clined to another opinion about them, let him
enjoy hit different tentimentt without any blame
from m?. . ,, . , '
thoie stones of the Persian kini!t* maniiolenm which
Vorneliua Brunius brake off niid gnye me.". He at-
erilied this to the hnrdnesa of the stone, which icarce-
ly yields to iroii tools, and proves frequently too hard
for rutting by th» chisel, but oftenUmet break» It inW
%
OONTAI
MONT
HoitCy
Juki
him I-
{ 1. I
which w
people V
Bab) Ion
calaiiiit)
had ton
before t
had ser
.i^^sevlcnty
m \m
their te
And thi
stirred
write til
rusthel
. me to I
that he
radlites
by the |
hou.w a
2. Tl
book w
cits; fo
thus lo
Cyrus,
many a
their 01
fori'toli
before
when (
power,
upon li
caHed
Babylii
leave t
build t
God, f
that Ik
that \v<
of Jud
gold a
•nd be
3. V
the rul
min, w
to Jen
by Ion,
•nd w1
frieiidi
buildii
Ver, II
So th<
ed the
fiiiie:
.*'•?•'
»Tli
•I well
by lie
preriui
wcdne
Zeiio|i
t'rin
Ueofl
|tnrpDi
vtotbi
: — quuc
•*|," laya Beland, "here c^n show to be true, at to
piece*.
lUy.S
ni ffnW up
■wiiiilit, ana
tther Ipiiacr
t; anti that
{lit againat
forrr, and
n, anri for-
e tluiutiind
liinici wrote
in of Suaa;
intrrprtitfd
c fuilowin{(
gniflrd tlie
n«, and the
n in th«ni;
at king, and
I rieh<:8 and
one ahould
who ahould
>rci>nic hiui
e dominion;
; out of the
D! fint king;
rna U|%h itk
ifry one of
h, aigiiilicd
r Ihr death
he kingdom
'. ui'ithi'r hi»
hould nign
ira ; and that
le a certain
n and their.,
political go- '''
le, ami lor-
Ihree jcar-'
aa, that r>i.<
Antiuchus
virion, and .
they cnni*
Daniel al«a
■nment, and
deard:!lo hy
an liiitr lit
> hini) inaot
iea, and aee
I wonder at
Daniel; and
Cureana are
xt of huitian
a care>f the
universe it *
that blessed
be wprld is
out a ruler
e oft guide
luld be like
:lrowned by..
ivera, which "-
e dnshed to ■
Providence,
So Ihaf, by
aniel, those
ni the truth,
I providence
hccnse, that
eceasity, we '
oiiie to pass
to iiiyselC
as 1 have
y one is in-
eni, let him
t any bluue
BOOK XI.-CUAP. I.
BOOK XI.
219
CONtAISINO THE INTERVAL OF TWO HUflJJBED AND HFTV TIIUEE YEAHi AND FIVB
MpNTIie.-FRiM THE FIRST OF OYRUB, TO THE DEATH OF AI.BXANDER THE GREAT.
CHAP. I.
lating to their worahin. Cyrus nUn sent bock to
tbcni the v.eas<:'l!i of I'od which king Nebuchad-
HottCyriu, Jiinif njf the Ptriians, dtlirtrei Ihi n««iar had iiillugeil out of the tenipli-, anil had
' "" ' " ' ■ " ilaliyitiii.
led to
So he coniniilled these
Jt\rt oiilqf ilabyion, and snjffirtd Ihtmlo re- _
(vrn litlheirovnCoiinlri), and to build thiir ilnngt to Mitlindutes, the treasurer, to he itnt
'I'emple./or ichich }yurk he gate Ihtm Monty, away, with an order to^give them to Sanabaatur,
" that he ini;'ht keep Ibeij^till the temple was built;
ami when it waa Uniahed, lie might tieliver them
to till! priealH niid rulers\of the multitude, in or-
der to their being restored to the temple. /Cy-
rus ul^o aent an epistle to the governor* that were
in Syria, the contents wherepi here follow:
{ I. In the Brat year of the reign of Cyrua,*
which waa the aevpiilielh from the day tliut oiir
peO|ile were removed out Of their own liiiul into
Babjiun, (jod commiaeratcd the 'kaptiNity !(inl
calainity of these poor people, accoriliiig aa he
had foretold to tlieiii by Jeremiah the proplitl,
before the deatruction ol the City ; that alter liny
had acrvedf McbuChadneuar und his pualirlty,
^.4nd after they had undcrgmie that aerviluile
„sevjenty years, he would restore them agnin to
i-
^
iolenm which
nc.". He as-
vhich icarce-
intly too hard
break* ItlnW
Kin; C'At'^ lo iiii>>fif*r.s and Sathkabuzanm,
, sendelh grttti^ig.
"t liave given leavp, to *y many of the J«#».
fte^iund'of their fiitliera. and they ahoiifi build \ that d*«ll in my couhtryaa pleaae, to return to
their tempi? , and Mijoy their ancient proapi rity. tlielr tiwYi country, and to hlmild their city, and
And these tliinga (ioJ did all'orti them: fur lie , tbbudd the temple of liod a^ Jerusalem, on the
stirred up the mind of Cyrus, and nmde.liiiii same place where it waa befort. I have also aent
write this throiiifhout all Asia, ■■Thus aaith Cy- j my tie;iaurer Mithridates, uii'd Zorobabel, the
ruathekiui;, SiiiceUod Almiglily huth appoiaied governor of the Jews, that they niav lay the-
me to be ling of the habitiililu earth, 1 bi lieve foiindaliona of tl\e temple, anil may build it sixty
that he is that Ciod which the nation of the Is.* .'ubita high, iiiid of the aanie Utituile, uiakiw
nidlitea worahiji, for indeed he foreloM my name I three cdilices of polished stones, and one of the
by the prophets, and that I should build him u
hou.te at Ji rusal<Mn, in the country of Jndeu." ,.
2. This was known to Cyrus by.liia reading'tlie
book which lauii4l left behind him of his proplitr-
cits; for this proptitttaiil, that liod hud s|)uken
thus lo him in a secret vision; "My will is, tliut
Cyrus, whom t have appointed to lie king over
many and great nations, send bacU my people ti)
their own land, oiul l>iiii<l my temple." 'I'his was
foretold by lauiiili one huiidre>l u<id forty yeiira
before the temple wiia demolished. Acc.iriliiigly,
when (^rua read this, and admired the di\iiie
power, an earmat desire and' ambitiou seized
upon him, to fulfil what was so written; so he
CaHed for the moat eminei^Jewa that were in
Babylon, and said to theii4|liat " he gave them*
leave to go back to their owji country, and to re-
build their city J(rua.deni,f and the temple of
God, for that he would be their Bas'rataut, and
that he would write to the rulers and governors
that were in. the neighliorlioiid of their country
of Judea< that they ahould contribute to tliuii
gold and silver for the buildiug of the temple,
and besidea that, beasts f.ir their sacrifices."
3. When Ctrua had 8:ii(l this to thi> Israelites,
the rulers of the two tribes of Judah and Iteiija-
min, with tlie Levites and priests, went in histi
to Jerusalem, yet did nxiny of theai atuy at Ba-
bylon, a< not.v^illing to leave their (lossi'asinns ;
and when they were come thither, lill the king's
frieiids assisted them, and brought in, for tlie
buildine, ol' the temple, some gold and some sil-
ver, nnd some a great many; cattle and. horaea.
Sothey performed their vow* to God, and liffep-
ed the aacrifire that had been accustomed of ol I
<iui«: I mean thia_ Upon the rebuilding of their
city, and the revival of the ancient practices re-
• ThiaCvrusiscaMcd (}«</'< >t(;itmlhy Xenophon,
' «ivi^ell as l'» laaia'', Isn. xllv. SM( also It is aaiil of him
by ll!e same propliet, t'lai " I will ni{ike a man more
prerious Mian Hiie^o'd, i<ven a man than the fo den
wedge of Opliic;" |^a. xiii. 19, whirli rharnrter liiakes
Iciioptinn's nios' eicelliiit h'sioryof hlinvcryprcili'lc.
tThi»leovi'to''uld Jeni»alein,Bn"t.2,'',and tl eepie-
lleofCyriistu Sisihiicsand i>niliiahur.nnefl,iot!iesaiiie
laarpose, were most nnrortnimtely oniiiti'il in nil our eo-
■ I butt is 'est mill ii mp'etcstropvof JoseiihiiH: and
wood of the country ; and the same.onlerexteridi
lo the altar, vyhereoh they oH'er sacrifices to God.
irccjuire also, that The aoCcrificea fur theae thing*
may be given out of my jeVenuea. . Moreover, I
have also sent the vissils which king Mebuchad-
neuar pillaged out of the teinplertHnl have given
them to.Mithriihlleii, the treasurer, and lo Zoro-
babel the governor of the Jews, that they iiioy
"have them curried to Jeruaalenl, and may reatore
them to the temple of God. Mow their number
ia as fullowa;t I'fty chargers of gold, and five
liundred of silver, forty Thericlenh cupSufgoldi
f mrh nmiaainii ll'B fjiimilia iirniihefy of lantnh. Ian
111*. St), where we are informed, that God said of or to
aiid five hundred of silver, fifty baaona of gold,
and five hundred of silver; thirty vessels for
pouring [the drink-offeringa,] and three hundred
of ailver; thirty viuls of gold, and two Uiouaund
four hundred of silver; with a thoiMnU other '
l;irge vessels. I permit them to have tbp same
honor which they were used to ha»e from their
forefathers, as also for their small cattle, and for
n iiie and oil, two hundred and five thuutand and
five liiin)lred ttrachmie; and for whtai flour,
twenty ihousaiid and five hundred artabie; and
1 give order, that these expenaea ahall be given
them out of the triliuiiDS. due from Samaria. The
pi ieata ahall also offer iheae sacrifices uccttrdjnK
to the l:iW4 of Muaea fn Jerusalem: and wliea
till y oA'i/ them, they shutl i>riiy to God for th«.:
preservation of the kmj; and ol his familv, that
tlfl> kingtlom of Persia may cmilinue. _ But mjr
will is, that those who disobey tlieae injuttctioiii,
and luake them voi.l, shall be huii;; npona rrosa
and their substance brought into the king's trea-
sury." And such wiia the import of this epistle.
Now the number u{ those that came nut of cap-
tivity to Jerusalem, were forty-two thousand fottr
hundred iuid sixty two.
Cyrus, " He is niy'shephrrd mid shall perform all my
pleasure, even aayiifu! to Jerusalem, 'i'hou s''alt he huilL
anil to the tenipte, TI y fnntiilaiinn shall I'e Iaid,''rouM
not hUlierto bodemonslraird from the sacred t.istvryte
have lieeii ronijileti'ly fnltiileil, I mean es to that |iaft
ofit w* I'h roTeriicil Mii giving leave orronmilssloa
for re uidin'.! tliVei'y of Jerus leni in distinct from the
temple, wlosc retiu'di "• la a'one pi-rmittcd or ilirectat
in the decree of Owns in nl our roplea.
t Of the true nuhilicr of uoldeii and eilver rsaeWb
h»>« .nJ ^lM.ml.i.rA lii-ln ininir It, ll,« >»iiip|» of U..l».
mon.iee the Ueecnptlpn of tlieTemple, eh. xiil.
-:^-t
990
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
CHAP. II.
.»,. ■
Hav upon Iht Death of Vyrui, the Jtwf were
kinJered in the buiUlmr nflht Temple by Iht
Culheani,and the neirhburing' llovernore; and
hmo Camhi/iti entirely forbade the JtUlt to do
any rnch ikiug.
.,) 1. Whkm (he foundktiona ufttielenipleWrrc
faying, and wlirii tlie Jen» wt'Pe very zealuui
about building it, the neighboring lyitioni, ci-
pecially the C'uthe<in», whuui Shalniaueier, king
of AiKjrria, had brought out of Pemia and Media,
and hud planted in >»iiiRria, when he curried the
people ol' iMracI captivei, bi'iuught the govern-
qm, Bud those that had the rare of audi oll'airi,
that they would interrupt the Jewi, both in the
rebuilding of their city, and in the building of
their teuiple. Now an these men were corrupted
by them with money, they >old the Cutheann
their interest for rendering tliii building a idow
and a carcleai work, for Cyrus, who was bu<y
about other wara, knew nothing of all (hia; and
it an happened, that when he had led hia army
against toe Mes4«get!e he ended hU lifu.* Uul
When Caiubyses, the aon of Cyrus, had tak<Mi
the kingdom, the governors in Syria, and I'hiehi-
cia, nnu in the countries n( Amnion, nnd Monb,
and Sainariii, wrote an rpistle to Cainliyars;
wboae couten.t* were aa follow: "To our lord
Cambysea; we thy aervnnts, Kiithuniua the his-
toriugraplier, und'Semillius the scribe, and the
rest that arc thyjuilgts in Syria anil Phiuniciii,
send greeting: It i^i fit, O king, that thou ahonKI-
eit know that those Jews who were, carried to
Babylon, are come into our country, und are
building that rebetlioua and wicked city, and its
iDarket-pUces, and setliitg up its tmlls, :>nd rais-
ing up the temple:* know therefore, (liut when
theae things arc finished, they will not be willing
to pay tribute, nor will they submit to thy roni-
niands, but will resist kings, and will choose
rather to rule over others, than be ruleil ovei*
themselves. We there(i)re thought it proper to
write to thee, kitigi while the works :ibout the
temple are going on so fast, and not to overlook
this matter, tiiut thou inayest search into the
books of thy fathers, for thou wilt find in them,
that the Jews ha\e been rebels, anil enemies to
lings, as hath their city bi'eii aljio, which, for
that reason, hath berii till now luid watrte. We
thought prupir also to inforni thee of this mat-
ter, becnusc thou niayesl otherwise perhaps Iw
igDOrunt of it, that'if this city be once inhabited)
aod be entirely encnmpaased with walls, ttiOU
wilt be excluded from thy passage ti> Ciploiiyria
and I'hccnicia."
2. Wlien Canibyses had read \he epistle, being
naturally wicl(pj, he wds initutcd at vi'liat they
^oltHiii^i; and'wrote buck to them i-a'Tollowa:
■' Cambysea the king, to Kathunius the historio-
grapher, to liceltiUliiiius, to Senielliua the scribe,
and the rest that are In commission^ ahd dwell-
ing in Samaria and i'hofnicia, i't'ter this manner:
I nave read the eni!<i|F thai was sent from you ;
and I gave order tnut the book^ of my furefa-
tbera »ioul(t be searched into, and it' is there
fouiijL that tills cit^ hath always been an enem^
to knigs, and its iiihabitanta have raised sedi-
tions and wars. We also arc sensible that their
kings have been powert'ul and tyrannical, and
have exacted tribute of C(eli>syria, and t')MH<^>"=
Wherefore I give order that the Jewa snffi not
be periidttc'J to build that city, lest such mia-
* Jnseplius here follows Kerailoi us, n>i<l t'losc Hint re-
Uteil )iow Cyrus made «Vfr with the Scytl'laiisanil Mus-
M|!etua,iiearlhcr::8:iini> sec.aiid (ler'sned iii it;w>iile
Xenoiihoii's arrount, wl"Cl< :(|>|>i:nrs ncvct to have l>ecn
«een I'y Jds.",i':iis, tlint Cyrus ilieil in i)eai*c iii Ins own
•ountry of Persia, is attested t<> '>y the wriieriiof tbe uf-
> Mrs of AlcsiindiT l!<c Creut, w. ■ they azree that lie
f ws nd l 'yru]i'» s v|iulrl i r e a t l ' . Tnr<ni|T . iif ;i rP«r«e | ioli ». tl i ure , ih:it I ever
chief as they used to bring a|ion kings be grealljr
augmented." When this epistle was read, R«-
thuinus, and Seinellius the scribe, anil their naao-
riates, got suddenly on'horsebick, and mode
haste to JenisHlem; they nisn brought a great
coiupanv with them, and forbade the Jews to
build tne city , and, the temple. Acrordiiigly
these works were hiiHlered from going on till iha
second year of the reign of Darius, for nine
years more; for Cambyses reivuid six years, and
within that time overthrew Kgy pi, and when ha
was Come bttck, he died at Duiimacus.
CHAP. lU.
Hoit) aptr the Death of Cnmbyiei, and the
' Slanifhlcr tf the JUqfri,but nnderthe Heign of
Duritts, Zorohahcl wai liiperior to the rest-
in the Solittiun of Froblemt, nnd Ihtrehi/ ob-
tained Ihia favor if tirt King, that tkt Tempi*
ihould bebuill.
} 1, AKTek the tilaughter of (he Mngi, who, .
upon the death of Caiiihysts, attained the gn-
vcrnment of the Persinns for a year, those fami-
lies which were called the seven families of the
Persians, appointed Dnriiis, the son nf llistnspes,
to be tliiir king. Now he \vhde he ivasapri'
vale man, had innde a vow to (iod, Ihnt i( he
came to be king, he would send all the vessels
of (jod thut wire in Italivlon to tiie temple at
Jerusalem. N>>w it so fell out, that nftoirt this
tiiiie Zorobnbel, who hml been iiiiule governor ot'
the Jews thut had been in CRplicity, caiiK: to Da-
rius from .leriisaleiii:. for. there hnd been nn old
Irieudnliip btlween hihi and the king. He was'
also, with two others, thought worthy to be jjuards
of the king's body: and obtained that honor
which he lioperl for. ■ %
2. Now in (he first year of the king's reign,
DariiLS feasted those that were about liini, and
those born in his house, witli the rulers of the
Kledes, nnd princes of the Persians, ami the to-
pnrclis of liKiia and Kthioiiiii, niul the generals
of the armies of-his humlred anil twenty.seven
provinces: but when they had eaten unil drunk
to satiety, and obundantly. they every one de
parted to go to bed nt their own iiouses, niid Da-
rius the king went to bed; but after he had rest-
ed a fittlc purl of th^g|k;lit, he awaked, and not
being able to sleep ai^Tiiore. he ff il into conver-
sation tvith the three giiurds nf hia body, and
promised, that to him. who should make an ora-
tion, about points that he should inquire of, such
as should be most n«;reeal.lc to trutli, and to the
dictates of wisdom, he wouhl grant it us a reward
of his victory, to put on a iiurfle garnjent, and
to drink in cups of gold, ahd to sleep upon gold,
aud to have a chariot with bridles of gold, and a
head tire of fine linen, and a chain pf gold about
his nerk, and to sit next to himself, on account ot
i his wisdom; and, says he, he shiill be called mf
! cousin. Now when he had proniiied to giVe
thein these gifts, he asked tjie first of them,
! whether wine .tVi-is not the strongest? The se-
cond, whether kings were not snchT And the
third,' whether women were not suchT Or,
whether truth was But the strongest of all7
j When he had proposed that they should make
! theii' inquiries about these problems, he went to
I rest; but in the morning he <ient for his great
I men, hia princes, and toparchs of Persia and
Media, and sat himself down in the place where
he used to give audience, and bade each of. the
I Inste'd of a war to avense his fntlier'R death upon the
i K"Vt''ian8 and Mnasiigetea, nnd to prevent tl osu nation*
! fruni overrunaiii^liis norlliern provimes, whirh leoiild
have hei-n tl e naiural cuiiaei|ucarenf i is tatl'cr's ill sus-
1 eras and dcatli Cere, went iimiieiliatcly to nn Gityp-
i tian war, tons ■'•Ko hciinn l>y Cyrus, ncrorilini: to Xeno-
ption, pate 614,; and coniiucred tliat kiiiudoni: nor ia
heard of. tl'e least inenlinn In lh>
1
This arcnuat nf Xenophon is il-v confirmed !iy the cir-
■iMceaar Caiabyacs, upuii hisaucceasiou toCyr us, who
reign of thisCanihysesnf any-wnr niiainst tlie Prythiana
and Biassogetts that he was overcngaged in all his U§».
BO(|K XI.— CHAP. HI.
231
^iMldi of hi> hotly to dtclBrc what (hey iliouf^ht i ipiarded bv f\urli ■< witrh, arid aurh n< Are m iI
proper rnnrrrni.nK Ilie proposed iiuentiunn, in (he were fixed down In the place lhroii|;li f«sr, for
" '' "' " * no one dnrcs li^Bve him, even when he i« nalcrp,
nur does iiiiy one ^o aiviiy iind (akii care ol hit
own aflhirii liul hi etteem.* this one thin); the only
#ork of nenewity, logimrd the kinjf, nnil nifonf-
ing to tliii) he wholly nddirta hini»i')f. Ilpiv then
hearing of them all.
3. Accordingly, the Aral of llieni began to
■peak of the atrengtii of wine, and denioinliiitpd
it thua: " When (aaid he) 1 iini lu give my npi-
ninn of tvinvi O yuu men, 1 fii|d that it rxreedi
tTury thing, by the followin'^ indiriitiunt: It de-
ceive! the niindi of Ihoae that drink it, nnd re-
duce! that of the king to the niiniu latatc with
that of the orphiiu nmrlie who atiuulj in need of a
tutor, nnd erenia that uf the aliive to the boldnnaa
of him that ia free, iind tliat of the needy lie-
eomea like that of the rirh man, for it cliiingra
and renewa the aouU of men when it g^ta into
Ibein, and it quriicliea the. Horrnw of tluie that
.■re under c.daniitiea, and iiiiikea men forget tlie
debt* they owe to other:!, nnd niakea them think
Ihemvelvei to be of all men the richest; it iiiakea
them tidk of no aiiiMJI thinga, but of tHlent<i, and
inch othiT imniea aa become weultliy inrn only;
nay, more, it niakea theiii inaenaible of thtrirroin-
muadcrH, uiiil ol their kin);ii, und tuken awu} the
reiiicmbriiiice of their frii luli and coiiipaniona,
for it ainia mm even agiiiiist those., that art d«iar-
eit to Ihcni, nnd mukea them appear the great-
eit atraiigiislo them; and when tlier are become
can it be otherwise, but that it may aiiprar that
the king exceeda all in atrength, while «o great
a multitude bbvya hi« injunctions f"
5. Now when'tbia man had held his peitce, the
third of them who was Zurobiibt I, lieg;iii to in.
itruCl them about women, anil libout tiiitb. nhn
said thus: *'Wine ia ationgf aa ii the king also,
whom alt men obey, but women are supirinrto
them in power, for itwiia a woman that brought
the king into the world; aiid for those that plant
the vinea nnd niaku the wine, they are women
wlio bear them, and bring them up: nor indeed
is there imy thiiig which we do not receive I'roiu
them: fur tliesc women weave garments for ut,
and our houacliolil alTuIra are by their iiieana ta- '
keii care Of, and prcaervcd i|i aul'i ty ; Uor c:ui wc -
live separate from women. And when wc have
gotten a great deal of gold and silver, anil any
other thing tl(iit is of great value, and deni-vinir
):egnrd, nnd sec a beautiful woman, we leuvc all
lober, nnd tlu,\ have sU'pi out their wine in the tilings, iind ivith open mouth Ox our eyes upon
night, they arise without knowing nny thing her countenance, and arc willing to forsake tvhat
■ we have, that we in.iy enjoy her beauty, :tnd
procure it to ourselves. W e also leave father,
and mother; and the.e«rth that nourishes us,
and freJiuenjJy forget our dearest friends, for the
sake of w.j{ireii: nay, wc are so hardy as to lay
diiwii our liVes fof them. But what will chiMly
make yoii take noficc of the strength of women,
is this llinl follows: Do qot we take paiii^ and
endure a great deal of trouble, and tliut both by
land and sea, and when wc have procured Jionie-
what Hs the fruit of our lid)or8t do tve iiof brinr-
tluin to the women, as to our mistrrs-.e/i; and
bestow them upon them? iiay, 1 once iiawths
king, who ia lord of a noble people,, smitten on
the face hy Apamc, the daiigliter ol' Kiibsasca
'riieni:i8las, his concubine, and bis diadem taken
from him, and put upon lur own hoadiwhile he
bore it patiently ; and when she amili'd he inii-
led, and when she was angry be was Mid; and
according to the change of Tier passioill^ iit: llat-
tcied bis wife, and drew her to n icconyiliatiAli
liy the great humili.itibn of hiinaeli to her, if at
any time he saw her displeased at hpn."
tj. And when the princes and rulers looked
one u|>on another, he began to speak about truth,
and lie said, '* I have already demonstrated how
poneii'nl tvonicn are: but both theac women
lliLiiiselvea, and the king himself, are neaker
than ti'iith; for although the <:arth be large,, nnd
the beaven Ittgh, ami the course of the sun swift,
yejf^rc. ull'tliose moved according to. the will of
tiiid, who is true and righteous, for wliich cause
we also ought to <ateeiii tiuCh to be strolig< st of
all tilings, and that what is unrigbtcoui is jt no
force ugaliiat it. Moreover, nil thing., i Ini that
have any strength are niurtal. and short lived,
Imt truth is a thing that iaiiniiioital, and et< rnal.
It allortls u* not indeed «uch a Ixaiity aa will
wither aw^y by time, nor such riibis aa may be
taken away by fortune, but righteous ml » and
they liuve dorte in their cups; I take liiese lor
aigiis ol power, and by them discover that
wine ia fhe strongest and 'must insuperable of all
things." ...
4. As soon as lh<! first had given the roreiiien-
tioneil lU-iuonstration of tlie strength of iviiic,
be left .oil'; and tlie next to him began to S|H>ak
about the strength of a king, and (iennmstrated
that it was thcstrongestof all, and more power-
ful than any thing else that appears tb have any
force or Vi«doni. lie began bis deiuonstralion
aft«:r the following muniier; and said, "'I'liey
•rie meil who govern all things: tlicy force the
earth ;ind t.'iv sea to beitoiiie prolilable to tintiii in
what ti.ey desire, and over these liien do kings
rule, and over tlieiu they have authority. .Now,
thoae men who rule over that aniiinl which is of
all tlie strongest and must powerAd, must netds
deserve to be esteemed insuDerulde in power and
force: tor example, wlun tncse kings cominnnd
their siilijccta to make war, and undergo da'n-
fera, they are hearkened to.andwheU tliey send
Uiein against their enemies, their power ia so
great tliat tbcy are obeyed. They coiiiiu:itid
uiei) to level iiioun|:)in8, ami to pull ilowu walla
and toners: nay, when tliey are conimunded to
be killed and tQ.kill, they submit to it, that thty
niay not .appear to transgress the king's com-
mands; arid wlien they lia>e con(|uered, tluy
bring wlint tliey have gained in the war to the
king. Those also who are not «cd<licr8, Imt cul-
tivate the ground, an<) i)l.'>ugh it, anil »vlieo, after
they have eiulurcd the labof, and nil the incon-
venieiicies of aiicb wofks of husbandry, they
have rea|)«d and gatliered in their fruits, they
bring tributes to tlie king. And whatsoever it i"s
ifhich the king snysWcomnianda, it ia dune of
necessity, and t.tut without any 4jf lay, while be
in the mean time, is satiated with all sorts -of
fc'.* and |jleasures, and sleeps in quiet. He is
unlike'y, tl:nt ilie whole waan rontri»nnc i of Kin"" Pa-
l^fiiis'sown, inorilcF totHJiJe'eiitiyii'-d inulTeiiK vely put
i^kin iniiul ly /«ro>'atelol*fiiHi.liing lijaotdvou for ihe ra-
ff.* om
^ or i^op4
•The reader ia lo note, tli,it nithonf li the speeches or
papcrsorthe»i;"ii,'eori!'c kiiiir's irnarilaare innclitVb
saiuc. in our third looh oC Ksilraa,cUap. iii: anil iv. a?
thev are here in Joscsilnis, yet lint l'« in'roiiurtiiin i.f ^lli!(l!Nlr of Joriis; icm nnri ihet'" ii'e and i
thaniisenlirely <ii;ier(!iil,w .ile in our l^dr li ti.e whola tiolinftlieworshiport cOneTru.Mioddier.
is reli.ted na lliertjiilriv nee ortliotlireRor the kii.j's the full iiienniiii!or'/.oro'ialK':,w.iea lernis ji i, I l-sd.
pj«rdstlieiu»e.v,.s; aiideven tl:e niigiily rewards ore iv. ■,i),"H'ei4seHgi!i!ilc«;odof inf : " iid ere • < oi' la
spokea ul iiB propuKi'il 'ly tleniselves; niidtlie t |iecc!'eii : if lie .-.lid riui tcuiis,"or eve i of a he imiI< , (•"••I iv.
are related -o have Ifi-n delivered by H'ent'C'vis 'o the ,'II,":;reo: islni-'M.iirt iiii.-' iv nlmvif a li i i -.KB
king in writiiig, while nil is rontrnry ii Jo.wii..uf<. I <to.Veniurl diTeront frOu'' is,'' .liereiH' .' (, „ r iia
need not siiy wiJosearcoiiiit isiiio meai pin nlilf, I'e f od," t etiod of 'sr: cii Tow i- !i • iirt i . i ' ut
■*;.
tlE>*-
l a 't e i s
■isapiMK lurt.eiii.«:ves:ni.dtiiereriin'eHOdOiil;t 'ryiiHiinii Uanus, — r. i;:i' .liwr' -rc-t i Ir, is siini
nM* ioacplms's history IS here to 'every am 'horeferreti not M iinwlicfn lerv ..vers ■,•..0112; hi > m iiulk-
•efore llieoillei. Kor.indeed. docs n seem umik:.. a( try of tlieir '411111. lonia d-Mieiu i(piierallv i-unceai II.
[/■
--- v^ yM J i Wi^|.-y"v
■■ •A*;
ANTIQUITirS OF TIIE JFAVS.
1
222 .
lawt. ft di»lin(riii»h»» IhVm from injuillce, «nd
nu»« what i« «nrii?hl*(iii» lo r»t)iikc."
7. So whi'ii Zorotiiiix-I liml loft off Uin disroiirro
«buut tnith, mill lilt' nuillilmlp lniil rjiiU Wit
■iuu<l Ihnt he hnd •pii'kcii the jiKi.t »h..1), nnrt
(hit It" w«» irulli hIiiiui lliut li-ul immulBl'.le
itrttiigth, mill mkIi «« ik vim- wohH wiix oM, the
kniKVomnmniUrii.tliiit lift »li<>uUI ii»U I'T nimn-
jfhul oviT and rlbuvc wh»t lin Uud iit-cmiiked, lor
tlint lii^ rtould K'W i* liiiii IxiniiM'ol liiit wiwloiii,
•nd thill nrudt'Uci' wherein hi' excelU'd tlio r«»l j
Mid' tliou »hidl Hit with iiii', miid <h« li'iir„'. nni
thnlt Iji; ciillfd iiiy c.miiin. W h«n he hiul w>id
this, Zorobhbi.l .juU him in mind of the vow he
, had luadi', in cii|e he should rVfrlmvi; the king-
dom. Now thin vow WHS, "Torel)nild Jrru«B-
Icni, and to builirtlurt-in the lrm|d«' of (iod; nii
bI«>u toi ristorc tliB VtmuN wliii'h Nelmrliadiii'^-
nr had, pilliigid, niid cariii'd to ISabvlon." And
this, unid lie, in that rH|U(ht which llioiiiiuwiiiT-
-mittKHt me to make, on oceolint that I have been
judifed lo be wine and nnderHtundiitR.
8. So the kinj; was plraned with what h<\ had
MiiU and arow! and kinscd hinii ami wrote to the
(V|iniTll> and 'pivernorK, ami enioined (luirt to
conduct Zorobabel, and tliose^-tluit were Roms
with him to build thUenitil*. He aUo ninl lit-
ters to thorn; r>iUr» timt wire in Sfriu and 1 lui-
nicia, to ciU^wn amlearry cedar-trees Irom l.e-
banon to Jerusalem, aial to iissist him in buildms
the city. He also wrote to Iheiu, Hiirt all (hera)i-
tives who should go to Judta should be tree;
•nd h«Tirohlbiled his deputii »„and <'overnor< to
i»V any king's taxes upon the J.hs; he aUo ner-
mitteif that thev should have all that land whi'h
they coiini possens themselvis of without tri-
butes. He also enjoined the IdumranH, and >ii-
niaritBDS, and the inhabitants of Ceclos} rla, to re-
itore tlffiM villages which thev had taken from
Uie Jews: and tliat, besides all ihi^, fifty talents
»hould bfniven them forthebuildinfcol (he tem-
Vlc: H* also periliitled them to offer their ap-
pointed sacrifiees. and that Wlmlsoever the hifrh
priest and the priests, wantfti, and those sarrejl
jrnrments Wherein thev-UMed to worship f">d,
ihuuUI be madtat his own rhnrged: ami that the
musical instriiuients which the Levites iued in
•ingina hymns to Cod shnidil,hc given them.
Moreover, he charged Ihein that portions of
land dhould be piveB to tlio«e that.giiarded the
city and thq temple, as al^o a determinate sum
of money every year for their inaintennnrd: and
withiil he sent the vessels. Ami all that Cyrus
intende,d to dobrfore him, relating toi^he restora-
tion of JerUsalemV Darius also ordained should
be done nccordiiigh-. #, . , . ...
9, Now when Zorobabil had obtaineil these
^iits from the king, he went out of thji pahce
O • 1 I., ..„ ,., k...->.n - l.A Kofron In retiiri
— ,(i, ,,«T.' t- I
mnd, lookliit; up to heaven, he began to return
thanks to fio^ foir I
^
,unii«» >" ""■■ ■"• the wiiid 0111 he hhd given him
and the victory he had gaim I thereby, even in
the prescnct! of Darius hinfrilf: f»r said he, "I
had not been thought worthy of ti«ese advantages,
O Lord, unless thou dtadst been favorable to
me" When therefore he had' returned these
thafiks to God fqr the present circumstances he
"was in, and had prayed to him to afford hint the
like favor for the time to come, he came to
■ Bab} Ion, and brought the good newstohis c.oiin-
trjuien, of what grants he had procured for
theni from the king; who, when they hctinJ the
•anie, gave thanks also to G^od that he restored
. • TIds stransc rffliilinir In Josepliusls present eonjea,
f'of 4.(Mm,t)tA InstcaiT of 4P,0«Q, is one of tlie irossesfer-
' iorsl!alifintl.ciii,aniloii!!'<ttotierorrefte<I froniEz-
nt ii.fit: lA'.sil v. •« , ami Neli. vii.efi. "-l-o pII aireeftie
Miicral 4m was tint a<out «, C". It is alsoyerv nj_ m,
■• ' tirtiu g lit. tl i at wlie n V^ s ilr ns un s rtfr a ril
the land of their firefalHen to llirm again. 9»
they iKlook tlieuiselves to drinknig niid_ eating,
anil for "iven da\«.lli<y contimMil luinlins, oil" '
keiil a festival far the rebuiliKiig and r< sloralli.iit
of thJlr countrv. Alt. r this tiiey chi»e tliem-
selves nil. rs. Who should go uii to J. rini.l.ni.
out of the tribes of tl*irlgii.ratl..r.. witU-tlieir
wives, ami childrni, and cuttle, who trrt\ . 11. d to
Jerusalrni witlijov aiid i.li'a<uie, umt.r tlie con-
dint of those whom UuriUH s. iit al oig with ^
them, and makiits a noise will, sonss ami |.i|«'«. •
ami cjmbals. 'J'he rett of llie .leWjili iiiullitade
also besides arcompanieil them with rijoiniis'. _
• 10. And thus did lliese ni.n go, a (ritain unrt,
dererminate iiiimber out ol ey.r) faiuih , Ih'iugh
1 mi ii<n think il proper to rente parli.iilaiy ihii
iiam.softhoselamili.s, thill I may ivt take oil
theinimlofmv readers lioiu the r.iiineMi.u of
the lii..tor'wal facts, and luid.f it lianl Inrtln in to
follow the .-oheniici' of iny nairnii.'n; but tlio
' sum of tljose that wei.t up abov. the iij,'e ot ,
twelve vears.^f the tribes of JuiU.h iriiil U. tija-
miii, was ('»' hiimlr+il wxtJ-Hvo myriails and
eitcht thousand ;• the l.e\itc.» were «ev. iity-loiir:
ti«- niiml er of the woiii.n ami ehililr. o iiiixio to-
ir.lher was forty tliousami seven hnnilr.;! ami
forty-two; ami besides tliesie, llier.' n« ie,»ii>g.^r»
of till- Uvites 0111' hiindr.d ami tw olj-i ISht.
Hud porters one liuiiilred and 4.11; an i m the
.acred iiiini«t.-rs till. fl bundled and »niil> tivi.: .
fliere were also others b. sid.s tln'S". uli" «a1il
they were rsraelites, but were not i.ble to
show till ir gin.'ul.igiei. six huiiilf.d and si«ly-
tno: POMie'tliere w. re al.10 who wire .Si'itlvil
outof the number .Old honor ol the priests, ir*
bavin" I'uarriiil «i>e« whose (leneal.igns thev
rouM"no1 prodme, nor wenthiy f.uii.i in the
Keneah-gies of the I.evit.s anil priest.,: they were,
about five humlredand liv.nly live; tlit^ niidtiliide
also of servants that fidlpwi-d tlio-* llial went
up to.Ierusaleiii. were st'»ni tliouswud lli'te liim-
-riredaml thirty seven; the singiii^iim 11 "'id sing-
ing women were two liuh'.red and li'ily-l|»e;
the ciHiKls were four hundred and thiil) live;
the blasts used to the yoke were live |Jioii!.anU
five hundred and twenty-live; and the govern-
or" of all this mnllitude thus nmiibtied were /.a-
robabel, tli«*(>n ofSalalhiel, of the poste.-ilv of
Davfd, and of the ti-ibe iM .ludah, anrjeshua.,
the son of Josedfk the hi-h priest; and b. SI. .fs
these there were Mord. lai anil Serebciis, who
were distinghished from the hniltilndc, and w.re
riJers, who also contributed a kuudred pound of
KoM,flnd five Ihoiiwind of silver. I'.i tliisMiuans.
Therefore, the pri.'Sts and the I.evit.s and a c.-r-
.lain part of the entire pt;pple of the Jews that
were in Babylon, came and dwelt in J. rijsaleiii
but the rest of the mnltiiade rtturcid everyone
to their owii countries. •■ " .
CHAP. IV.
ilom iKe Ttmph wan built, while the CutheanM
tiukavored in mjn to oostnicl the tvork.
J 1 Now id the seventh month, after they
were departed out of llaliyJon, biit.li Jeshun tlie
hith priest, and ZorobabeJ Ihe governor, sent
niessenirits ev. ry wHV rtfund riboul. and gath.r-
edViose that v^frc in th.' cou(ilry toRttlier t,i . e-
rusalem universally, who caiiie very gla'ly thi-
ther He then built the altaron flw saiiie pl|,<-o
it had formerly been built, that they mighroTi.r
sn ..>,mf..''e».i»*rroniie fei»lr!l«s never returned. I nt
nshe lH!!iove<l.nonlim.ed tl .*^*yol.ll^ Eii'diro^t^ ''/■ »•
" .;J o 1 or w ii'h multitu'le of Jcw^ I ej ond Fitpl.ra-
tes heaiicaks tVeqiionily ei*!wl|crei-tl-,on5l. I"- tl'e JW jr,
he never lake? t , cm to tus i.Iolaters, ' Ul looks on t'_em
.HI Mso-sryirsof li.e laws of^Mycs. Tie .rr/,,.«
„ » , „ . "T ""%Tj.r ' r,,/ . f e ly i opli^ ha now rathe up fwm na i .v l , . «. at
b,oiJ!rMr«P another :oni,.any.o«tnf Ba. ,-^on an^ ler- j P'^';;;yir*,0^;,„,1,^lj, fe-same .imiller imnil-ei
ctint
^.teiiiBllnoinorctlmna««.VandBrcmii«»f.wtiHe|ll'e4,titlii.iiui.. . »
- %
>'■
BOOK XT.-<;Hy. IV,
ri>i;ain. 9»
iiikI luting,
I'liiKrms;, vwi '
I ri Kiuriilioiit
climw llu'iii-
1.1 Ji rusitltjil,
», wi(U>llii'ir
I trfTMllcil (o
uttr tli« ••on-
; 111 Hig «Hh ^
^0, imil |ii|>r»i
ill iiiiillilnde
1 fijiiiniii;.
I ('i-itiiiii uiirt;
iliijr), Ihniish
irluiiliiily the
ii.it tiiki! oil'
nmnrxioii of
il liirtlit in tn
lion; liiit llio
• the "«<■ ul',
!i 1111(1 Ul iijii-
IH\ I'iiitU Hiid
xrii iity-loiir;
In I) iiiixiii lu-
liijTulri'l mill
I' n« ii,,i!iii(;<r»
liMiilJ-«isht,
; nil I i;l the
(I llHllI) tWI! .
!■»(', iylMi«Siil
llllt i.l'l"' to
iid iiilil !ii*l^.-
IV Ml- I !(|lllnl
Ik: |)rifst»._^iM
iitiiliipii* tiity
1,1111111 in the
:-iU: thfv Hcrn.
; llitf|uii^tilii(lf
III)-* tllilt .Wlllt
Willi tliifi- liim-
im II iiiid ''in;?-
iiiiil Ciiitv-lUe;
iiiii thiit\-livo;
! live (jiDii'tinil
ml the (iiivrrn-
bt itil wvre Zo-
l^^ pojitrritv iif
i, nil I Juinia.,
■st; nml hisiiiffii
Sfrohcni*, wiio
ilii'le, 1111(1 ucrft
(rlrcii jmiincl of
r.( tliisMiKtins,
■ilis mill a n-r-
if the Ji'W* thill ■
t in Jcrij^nlciii
irr.id cyvry one
!e tie"' CiilluanB
c< the IVork.
>Blli, ffflfr tliry
aiilii Jc«hun the
governor, ffii'
111, nnd gntlitT-
toRiither IiiMp-
v«ry ghi'ily thi-
il tl«! SHllK" plill"'>
Ihfy luijjht oTi'iT
lever retiiTfied, * ul
i Ell"ll^»le^ I'M. ».
»-»|ejondFitp),,rn-
lioiiylil"' tl'e ^Wiy,
,'W looks ant' em
i|»ps. Tie crrliiiK
«be apnolntnl ttf rificet upon it lofioil, nrronlmif
to the Uw« of Mo«;«. But wliilo t|i«y (iiti llii»,
they tliii iiot Illume the nriKhtionii!; ihIioih;
who all of Ihein b»r« in illwill to tli.in. They
•lio celrbrntMl the fe»«t of Tuberiiaclei ul tUt
tiiiie, •> the legiilulor Imil or<l«iiieil conrerniU(C
it, iHil Biter thnt they oft'ereil «Biiifn:Ai, and wimt
were railed tile daily «acrifire<^»ud the olilationii
proper for the Sabbaths, nnd f.ir.all the holy fei-
tivali. 'I'hoie altu thnt had nnulc vo«» perforiii-
Vid tlirni. and offered their •arrilieei, fnilii the
(fmt liay of the. «e»enth month. 'I'hey also be-
iraii to hiiild the temple, alKl Rave a k" at deal
of money to th«/;iin<qnit nnd lu the i'iir|MnterK,
and what wa» nerewarv for the maintenance ol
• Ihe wurjiinen. The Siilouian^ ttUo were very
, williu); and reody to biinfjlhe rtdnr-trer* from
Llbanu*, to bind lh>i|i I igether, anil to ninke^a
united llont ol them, and lo liriuK tlieiii lo the
port i)( Joppa, for Dial wn» what Cyrim hud roiii-
ni»iid««1 them at lirit, nnd what wn» now done at
the cniiiijuiiid of Durim; _
2. lir.the necoml year of their coming to. Jeru-
lalem, at the Jew* were lh"?« In the necoml
month; Ihe building of tlie tciimie went on npace ;
and when the> had luid iu (oundations o« the
firm day of tlie lecuiid liionUi of that urnmi^ear,
lliey fe't ai overseers of M'e work, miili lievileii
an were full twenty yearn old; and J.Hhnn, iiiid
his mn* and brethren, and Cmlniiel the Imitlicr
of Juilns. the- kiin rtf Aminailab, with hi» "(in?.:
and the temple, by /the ((rent dilipinie of tbo»e
^ that liadthe care of it, was fiuinhed sooner than
any one woulil haVc expected. And wheii the
tenifle WR» fininhed. the »rie«t!i, itilorned wit^i
tlieir nccuiitomed gUrmeiJ-, «tood with their
Iruniiiets, vWhilo the Levit-. and the (sons iif
Ampn, mood anir«un|; h^iihi* to (Ji'l, ai',-or<liii!C
an David fimf ofnll npliointed them (iiblc'r«<;'i«i.
Now the priests uniLLeviteK, ii"l fhe ehl. i\part
of ihcfaiiiilied.j-eciJIcltos.with llieiiinelve^ how
much greater n|rfli»oif¥irnipt»"!i<,the old teiii-
-. npUi'im,
pie had lil^en, acWtj; that now nmde, hnw ri'i
inferior it w««, on iiccount cif t'.uir pi.ivt viyi^to
ihut whicft had been built of old, cc'uimilerid with
themselves how much their happy »t«U: was
sunk below wliut it had been of olit, iia well M
their temple. Hereupon they were discon«ii|iite
and not able to cojitain their Kcief, Bill proceeded
lio far a.v to lament and shed tears on those nc-
, counts; but the people in peiieral were contented
with their present condition, And because they
were -allowed to build them n temple, they de-
sired no Hioic and neither regarded luir renietii-
bcred, nor iiidecd at all. tormented Ihemselses
with the coniparis'bn of Ihiat and the former teiy-
Ele, as if tins-were below their expectations;
Ht the wailinK of the old men and of the priests
on account of t*e deficiency^ of this te.iii,ile, in
their opinion, if compared with that which had
: 828' .
wUie they {m\'j'\ had b« en appointed tij bnitd
that teiiiple at first by Cvrii*, and now by Dariua,
allhouift it, was indeed la«*fiil lor tlinn to coin*
and worship there if ihfv pleased, and thnt they
rtiiild allow them nothinj;, but tUt in coiiunon
with till ni, which was common to t^eiii with all
oilier men, toCouie to their temple, and worjthip
(iod there."
4 When the Cutheans heard this, fur the »••
marilans have that np|>.'ll»tiiiii. Ihiy hud iiulia-
nation at it. and. persuadeil the mitiuiis of hyri*
to ilesire of the poverimrs in the snnie muiiner
as they had done formerlv in the days of ( yrui,
nnl nzain in the da»s of t'linibysis afteiwar.l, to
nut a stop to the building of Hie tempW', am to •
emieavor todelnv and prptriicl the Jews in tliejr
lenl about it. Now at this lime Sisinms, the
irovernor of Svria and I'hienicia, and Snthribu-
i»nes,with ci rliiin other., cuni.' up tu Jerusalem,
and asked the ruli.r. of Ihe Jews. " Kv .«li"^
(Criinl il was thnt they built the temp i in Mils .
uiiinner. since il was more like lo aeilu.lel than •
ieniple? and for what re«-..ii it wfts tld.l they
built cl.iislers iiml wall^, mid those !.lr.iiiit oiie»
l„',i,»bout Ihe city?" To which Zorobahel and
Jeshua the lii);h iiriesl replied, " that tin y were
the servants-of (iod AlminlitY: that this temple
,VBS built for him by a kmi: of theirs that lived
in ereat iirw<perily. and one tliiit exreedecl alL
men in virliH, ami that it e^.ntiniB-d along tmie.
bill Ihiit bicuiiw of their futheis' impiety Inward
(iod, l*febitf:liadne/«ar, the kimr til llu: Uidiylo-
niiins, and of the Ch^ildeaiis, loi.k their city by
force, and destroyed it, ami pilliK'il th< tiniple.
and burnt il down, and trlins|danted thep.i.ple
whmn he had made ciipitive.s, wml removed them
to Hubvlon; that Cvrus, who after liiiii,w.is hinir
,;f r.hbylonia and l^ri^iu. Wf'tc to tlftnv to huild
the temple, and committed the gills and vessels,
and whalsoevi r Nebuchvlneiiar bad carrieii out
of it,toZorobabel and Mithridules the treasurer;
ami ifavo order to liave them carneil In J. rusa-
leiii,niid 10 ha»« them restored to llieir own lem-
ple when il was biiilt; for he had sent to |liein to
luivi; it done speedily, and coiniiiaiided Sinnbas-
siirto EO up to Jerusalem, ami t" take care ol the
bmlding of the temple; who, upr,n re.:eiv.ii- lh.it
enistle- from Cvrns. came, ami immediately Inirt
it's fminvlationi: and allhoilK'h il hath been ill
buiWinu from thnt lime to this, ft hul.h nut yet
been linished, by rea«on of the niidiRnilV of our
enemies. If tli.rrefore you have niiiilid.ar,.! Ihink
it proper, write this account to Dariiis. I nil wheo
he hut h coiisuiteil the r.'enrds ot the kiims, ho
may find tlial we have told you nothing Ihut It
false alipul this luulter." , ^: . . ., i
5. When Zorobabel and Ihe hifsh priest find
*. .> - . L!'. i»..»^ 4.w^A «lti>a/i (Kill u'firn
nmde. tills answer, Sisinncs, imd those that were
witli him, dfd not resolve to hinder the bin ding,
iinjilAhev hud informed kin;,' Diirlus of all (his.
their opinion, if coi,ipared with (hat which had iintiUhey liuci '"'•>""*"^V"-, ' [ ^ „ "t ,h's«
been demqlished, overcame th». Spm.ds.or the,.So they immed.utely "'^^^V'",^ '" " °"\ ''I'l'*
rr. .._... .JT.i .i.„ .»:„:..:„„. „f .Iw. ;,<.,.„l,. »«fffiir«r but as the Jews were now uiiitir terror.
H l 'a>"lHa ' iyl|" i . at
IIP ■iiiiiller iiuiiiliei
nowny a^rro wHb
trumpets lind the rejoicinss of the people.
3. Hut when the Sainarilansj who were still
cnrniies to the tribes, of Jwiah and Itenjainin,
beard the sound ol' the^»Wiipets, Ihey caftie riin-
nhig together, and desired loinowwhat wasthe
occasion of this tumultl an^ ivhen Ihiv per-
ceived that'll was from lh6 Jiiws, who had been
carried captive to Babylon, ami were relmilding
their leiiiple, they came to Zflrobabcl, and to Je-
shua. and to the jicads.of the'ftmilies, and desired
that they would give Iheni : leave to build the
'temple w^th them, and to be partners with theni
In building it; for they saiif, " We worship ^our
God, and espicially pray ti^irq, and are desirous
of your^religions setlleivem. and this ever .since
Shalmaneier, the king of Assyria, transplanted
us out of Culliah and Media, to this place."—
When Ihey said thus, ZorobabeUnnd Jeshua the
higli priest, and the heads of the families of the
high priest, anil I ne neaiiB Qi tiie m ie» ui iiic
laraelites, replied to tbeni, that " it was impossi-
bly fof them to permit thein tq be their partners,
-rio'iiiey iiHiiivui.il,, ,,'• - ■■: -, .
'affairsv hll'l «s the Jews were now under terror,
and afraid lest the king fhoiild chaii-e his n so-
lutions as lo the building 6fJiruMilem and ol the
temple, there were two propliets at that Hine
*among them, llRggai ahd /erhariah, who en-
coumgcd lhem,;iiKf bmle Iheiii be ofgod. cneer,
anil to suspect no diiScnuiaiK imnt from the 1 er-
sians, for that Ooii foretold this to them. So.
in dcpehdence on ihnse iirnphelji. they applied
themselves earnestly to building, and ilid not in-
termit one day. . . ■ . -.
6 Now Darius, when the Samaritans had *nt-
ten 'to him,and in their epistle had iic-uscd the,
Jews, how thev forlilied the city, and built the
temple more like loa citidel than a temple i «^
saidVthHl theiJ- doings-ivere not expedient for th«
king's affairs; and besides, t^liey showed -Ih. epij-
tie of Cambvses, whernii he forbade Ihem tO
build the temple; and when Danfis thercbyun-
."'' i — n — . ' .1... ... ,«..,...ijft.. .^r Jugiiattlp M i mam
f Jfenisal'
deritood that the resiorntimn o
not expedient for his affairi, and whi
luialeiii
lieu he bad
■war-
324
ANTIQUITIES OK THE JKWh
\
tJ
rrad llio rpiillc th»( waj bmu^lit >i|jti from
tiiiiiei, mul Ihoac Ibat wrrr willi (kDii, li« |(
orilrr (lilt what conccrneil Ihiw >(ii>(t('i( uliiiiilil
r)i!<uif);lit (or niiioii); tlie royHi rii^'orila, Whvre-
upoii a bi>(>k wai I'uunil tt lirtmlliiiat ill (hr lowvr
Ihiit wn< ill M<'(liu,ivb<irtiin w^iVwrJUrii »n I'ulluWa:
■;>L'yrii» tile kiiiK> in the fti'iil j Air of hit rrigii,
ruiiiiiiitiixliM that th« trKJiik nhoiihl b<: biiilt.in
Jtruuili III ; and the alta/i in hvight (hrci^xcuiccu-
bit», iriid itt. briadth isi (he tainv. with three I'di-
lirmorpolinheil itc^iie, and une edifice ol<l»neur
their own country'; and bo onluincd that the ex-
penKeidlit hIiu)i1<I be pitid out of the kiiiK'a rrve-
iiiii'. 'lie nls^fcoiiiniaiidcU thut. the vmsrii which
.Nebiiclmtln/zzurhad iiillaf;cd [out of the tcin|ile,l
luid had^rried to llabylon, ajionid be rentureil
to the u<'u|ile of Jcrdiiili'Mi, mid tfint the care of
th('te,t|iiiiKi nhoiild belling tu KcnablHiiiivr, the gi>-
venror and preiiideat o( Syria and liiwuicia, and
to his aiiiioriiitei, Uliit they uii|;ht not meddle with
,l1iat nl»ce, liut iiiiiy permit the trrvuiits ol' U'od,
th« Jewn and tlieir rulers, to build th« temple.
l{e nlio ordaiiii'd that they should avsisi ihcui in
the worf<; mid that they should pay to the Jewn,
out ul' the tribute of the country wliere they were
)(overnorH, on accoiint of the surrifice!), bulls ulul
rajus, and luiiibs, aiid kids of the goat*, and fine
Hour, and oil, nnd wine, and oil other things that
the priests' hhould suggest to them; iind thiUthey
khouUI pi'uy for the preservatiun of the king, and
of the I'ernians, and J^h^Jur such as transgressed
•riy of these orders thus sent to them, he coiii>
inaiidrd. that they should be cliug|)t uiid hung
upon a cross, aud their subsWhce confitcalell to
the king's iiKe. lie also pruned to (iod against
tiiciii. Hint if any oiic atlenipted to hhider the
■r btiiliii;),;- of the temple. Cod would strike hilu
tltmd, ij ml thereby restrain liis wickttdness."
7. VVhen Dflrius had fouiid tbisC^oAk among
che records of Cyrus, ho wrote aiiTiinwer to
• Siiihnc.i aud his associate'*, whose coiidnls were
tlicae: " King Parius to^'^isinhis tin' uhv'i riior,
Hnd to Sathrabazanes, tiliiikth greeting: having
I'liind a copy of tbis epitjtle among the records
- of Cyrus, 1 have sent it you; and I will that all
things be done as is therein written, riire y«
well." So whett Sisinnes, anil those- that were
with him, understood the intenlion 6f the king,
they resolved to follow his directions entirely
for the time to come. So they forwarded the
tacred works, and assisted the elders o( the
lews, and the princes of the 8anhcdrini,'aii(! the
itructure of the temple was with great (jillgeilcc
brwight to a^conclusion, by th^ jirophecies oY
Haggai arid Zccharioh, according to God's coid<
<ninnut, and by the injunctions ot Cyrus and Da*
rius, the kings. Now ^he temple was buijt iii
seven years' time: oiul in the ninth y ear ol tlie
reign of parius, on the twenty-third day of the
twelfth month, which i; by us called 'Adar, l\ut
by the Macedoniniis Pystriis, the priests nnd l.e-
vites, and the uther luuttitude of the Israelites,
offered sacrifijpes, as the renovation of their
former pros|)(.'rity after tlieir captivity, and bc-
i:au8e they had iiow the temple rebuilt, u hun-
dred bulls, two hundred Yams, ipur hundred
'lambs, an4 twelve kids of the goatSf according
'to the number of their tribes, (lor so many are
. the tribes of the Israelites,) and this lastJbr the
sins of every iril>e. The piricsts al^^il the
Levites set .the porters at every, gate, according
to the laws of Moses. The Jcw> also |>uilt the'
. .cloisters of the inner teinple, that werei round
. >|ibotit th0 temple itself.
8. And as the fi'ast of itntcavened braii4 was
. at hand, in the firft ponth, which, aCcordti^ to
the Macedonians, is called Xahtbicus, but ac-
cording to us, Nisan, nil the p^tle ran together
out of the villages to the city, ami celebralcd the
w4s caltrd the Passover, qo IMi fnurtrrnth day
of (he saiiie month, and feasted iivin days, nnd
spared fur no costf hut offered Wli(ile~tiiirnt-oll'«r-
iMgt to (iml, and performed sucrilifes of tiMiiki- ,
f;ivitig, because <«o<)^ had led them aicnin to the
und of their fiithers, and to (he liiiM liieii lo he-
hiiijcing, and had rendered the mind of tlii! kin?
of I'ersiiv favorable lo then). , };o these men ol- ,
firtd Ihe liirgtst sncrificei oli these actouiits,
titid used great inairirilii^eiite in Ihe worship of
(iibil, and dwelt in Jc'riisaUm, and made use of a
fdriii gf government' thot was arinturt-atuMil. but
milled iwilh an olijfarrhy, for the high priest*
were at the head of their aOhirs, until (he pu«-
tcrity of the Afanionrans'set up kingly govern'
iiient; for liufore their captivity, and the disso- '
lution of their polity, they at fiial had kingly^
governnieiit front Saul anif Unvid, for live buii-
(Ired (lid thirty-two years, six months, and ten
days; but bcfort; those king*, sAch rulers go-
vernrd theni as were called Judge* and Mo-
imitIis. Under this form of governniint (hey
C'lntinucd for more than five hundreil yeaiM,
lifler the death of Moses, and of Jo'thun, their
coilinmniier. And this is the Account Thud to
give of Ihe Jew* who had been carried into cap-
ti.vity, hut were delivered from it in the timei of
Cy rus ond Darius. ,
H. Mut (he Snutaritani,* being evil nnd^'envi-
ou^ly disposed to^ the Jews, wrought them many
I niisch^fs, by reliance on their rielies, ^d by
their pretence that they were allted t_l> \he Per-
sians, on account th:it thence they r'nnii. ; and
wimtsoever it was that they were enjoined to
nay the Jews by the king's order ai|t ol Iheir ti|>
liiilcs, for the socrifices, they would not -^ay, it.
They had also thi' governors favorable to tmsni
and assisting them for that purpole; n>r did ..
thev spar# to liuct them, .either hy thcmsrivet,
or &y others, as (iir a* they w<;re able. So the
Jews determined to 'cnJ an embassnptto kin'j
Darius, in favor of ti i: peopl«,of Jenisiijem, aiiH
iu onler to accuse tiie Samaritans. The nnir
bu!<sa(|ors were Zoi'obabel, and four, c^hem of
the rulers: and as soon us the king km:W from
the anibaisadors tlie ai'cusatiniis and ct/lMplainlt
they brought against the Saiiinritnns, be gave
them an euistle to be carried to the governor*
and council of Samaria. The Conf^ot* of wbi<:h
epistle Kvefe' these: *■ King Darius to Tnnganns
and Santbabas, the governora of the Saniaritan»,i
to Sadrac^s and Uobelo, and the rest of their fel-
low-servants that are in Saniaria ; /orobabel. An-
iinias, and Mordecni, ambassadors of the Jewr,
coniplainj>f you, that you obstruct them in the
building of the teinple, and do not supply them
with the expenses which I c^Hfiiandea you to
do for the ollering their sadrifices. My wilK.
therefore, i;, that u|Km. the reai]|ngor this epi>-
tlu, you suppl;^' them with whatsoever'tjiey vjant
for their xacrilices, aud thai out of the royiil trea:
siiry, of tjie tributes of Salimria, as thi; priest*
shall desire, that th'ey. may |uit leave olT olfiriiig
(heir daily sacrifices, ijpr praying toXiod' for me
shall desire, that th'ey. may |uit leave olT olfiriiig
(heir daily sacrifices, ijpr praying toXiod' for me
and t^c Peitsian9!"';^Ai)tFW4se were thecfiuteritt
nl' 4.KM AMai^A - W \'
of thtft epitttc.
'illflges
avinf I
CHAP. V. ' '
How Xerxii, the Son ofiJ)driut, was loeU^it-
fostfl to tilt Jty!s;<as i^ka concerning Etdrak
and A'lh'emiah. . j
{ 1. Upon liie dea'th of Dariu*, Xerxe* hi* wn
took the kingdom, who, as he inherited hjs fa- '
tiler's 'kingdom, so did he inherit his piety to-
wiirtls God, 4iiid tianiA^of bini; for bb did all
things suitftbly' to his father relatidz to divine
woruiipv and he was exceedingly friendly to the
Jews. Now about this tinir, a son of Jetbua,
whose name was Joariin, was the high priest.
Riali ■'
- aiAonit t
of Ihe. 1
was »cr
' well SCI
teiniini'
hini •oil
and he
epiitle
"might I
wrote I
•' Xerxi
reader
agree at
to p<rn
itisposi
»ili>s t
ierusal
for Ibn
mind,
ine, an
(othii
tlierlh
. also ta
niv fri
giild tl
nians,
Carrie
' it al»t
make
picust
vessel
more
take I
Iwve
«nd I
fairs
taws
not b
Igrn
accpi
when
cheri
priei
or «
Ami
to tl
such
inal
llios
ofti
that
■ trnn
kno
teni
- . '-i
festivals, having purified themselveii, wtth their
wive#>(tnd childien, according to the lai" of their
country: and they oflertd the sacrifice which j ia| in >(l oat otbotcupice.liotli of Ezra and £adrM.
.i
Moreover, there was now in Babylon a righteou*
I * Tbujlllslarv ronkiincd in tlii* seriton is^tirel jr wutr
:#
^
■ V v. ^ , ■■■'._,
•
' c
\
I
Irrnth clijr
n iIhj'h, nnd
tHiriii-i)ll'«r-
»(' tiMiiki- A
iriiiii 10 (h<i
[»f llti! kill?
'•« iiH'n oi- ,
i act'ouiili.
wurship uf
lie iiim of u
■fiittiMil, but
ixh print*
til the po»- ,
„'1j (fovern-
1 the uiimn-
liiicl k|n|>;lr
r live bun-
h«, aiiit Kn
rukm Ko-
* on'l Mo-
*■-
inicnt they
Iri'il yt'uiN,
chilli, their
BCXyK Xl-CIIAP. V,
73b
. . . ...i„„ • ihrrc ilnyt, ami onl«inr(l n fi»t for lh«in. th»«
I thit »nioY.<l . r<»« "puliilion ; "^'" "^^^^ „, ,„ (i,„l lur th.ir pr.-
min, nnJ onr
of Ih. p«oi>lv, »."l h'. .."".r ^s,^M UAt^. ' ' 7,,'„;^ cith" Iro... their .•i.ci,..r.. or roiu
;.H .^M«Hi..^<l w.lh kiiin X.r^.,. ,*'' •'' ' J^; Sh' U. ihut he ha.l I .hi Ih- Mi.K hoW iod
hi.,. .O..IC of Ihov Jew* thul «'"; '" '';'',D r o rr.,u.»t iM >'" " >l J.*! hor..n.ei. tO
„„l he .l..ife.l th»t the kluK 'vmll.^ nl»H. b" ,) nil 1 » '» , j,,; „i,,„ ,|,._v b.ul f.l.i.he.l th«ir
'pi,llelotheKov.;r..or.«f S,rl. hy whuh Ihry " » '^ ;/ J| i^,,,„ve.l Iron. Kuphrnte, on th.
f i]
del) you to
My wilK.
( this epi>-
r'tjiey ti(»nt
royal trca:
thi; pricnti
olT olfrriiig
io^^ for me
he ceiitenti s
liiinht know wtio Ije wni. , Ai < oriliiigly
w^l. the folk.wi,'.K.pi.ll. totU. K'"""" j
..X«rx.«. kii.« ..f kloKVlo l-;«r» the (.".M. «.-d
reuikr of the divii.v law, gii elii.!?; 1 tninK it
aere.nhW «o that lo»e whi.li 1 bear to nunkind,
I,, mrniit Ihone of the J.wi«h nation that are .o
dl. .o..d, a. w.H a. those of .ihe P"'«'' " hj'to I ."ver one .,u, ., , ^
»itr. that are in orfr k.ngdon., to (jo toKnJh.r • ■ , „ \,,„,i, of bra,«, that w re more pre-
itru.aU.li.. Apuinlinftly. I hav.^ K'"" .^' " ^"^, ^lo « tha. Rold.* tm^he lah nl, by «.%'hl lor
for that purp.*vi and let evi-rv one th»t » h a uo h ^^^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^,^, ^^^ ,,„ ^,„g ,j
mind, CO. B-eordinii; a, .1 hatl. »ee.n.-d ^ood lo
me, and ion,) .even roHii,elK.r.,«nd I'l*... order
to th.-.r review of the affair* ol J..ilea, to .e.' J»lw-
therlheybeagreeabl. lothelajvoft.o, . I^tlbem
8l»o take Hfith the... thooe oreie.it. whieh 1 .m<
mfri.V,.d« have vowed, will, all that .ilver an.l
K,;id that n fonnd in the c.„.nlry of •»«•;, ";•''>'"■
man»,'n« dedicated to (iod. :..ld let all thi. b.
rarrietf lo J. ru»«leni, to I Iod lor nairilii U. l-et
it al,o be lawfol lor. thee ami thy brethren t
iwt'llth da»), the lir.» iMoiilh "I th.' ieventh
vTirof th^'lin of Xerie..ahd they .ame to
Stru.alen. on Hie liHh month ol lh« -anrt: year.
Now K,«dra,H pte.enlrd lhe«arr._d inon.y to tM
rea»ur..r»who were of -the la.,„lv ol th.' pr le,t..
„f ,ilver lix hundred an.l (ifty ltd' ,rf«. y.ml. of
.ilver one huildn^d taleol". »7"'« "' «"''' '"'"•
. -. . ^ . lor
the.'i prT;r..r. 'had twin made by 'the _k.ng and
hi. couoMllor.. and by all «h'V'"r'''?. '''"*
,layed al Baby hm. «» when l;.«lra. had .lel.ver-
od the.e thinK* to the pr.esl., he «»""•'' V";"»
th<' ai.ii<iinte,i .arril".Ce» of whole Immt-olleriuiKi,
twe
VH
e aiMKoiuei, »«' iiiivjio ". •• '■ .
rive bcilU on He<*.nt ol the (■mi.iuu.i pre»er-
vation of thepeoillef ninet) ran.., and .e\enty
two lamb., lielvV^ki'l* '" '•'••»•""?• ;'lTn?;
.,ii„.i„n of .iiM. He aUrr delivered the king •
.n.^tle to the ki»g> oinor.. and »»"'['' S"'"-
' . i. .._ 1 ..:_:.. ....,1 «>li.niiii'iii; unit ft» tlieV
make a» many vnHeU of mlver and Rold an tliou | • , . .f^,.. „.„„ „f ,i„iiiff what was enioin-
pleast^t. Thou Shalt al.o «J''.'i''«'*_»>V'^..^,?,',>;
vessels whi.:h have been K'v<-n thi«-, and as mam |
more as thou hast > mind lo make, anil shalt
take the expe.)«e» out pf the kioR s treasiiry. I
hlive moteovcr written to the treamreVs ol Ssytlft
«id l'h.Bniei»,. (hat t^ey take care ol 'ho^.e "V
faira that Ksdras the priest, and reader "1 tin.
law. of ti.«V. is «ent about. Ami that (.od may
not be at all anery with me. or with niy children.
I urant all that is neiesspry for sarrifice. to t.od.
. aciprding to the law. a. far as a hupdiud con ol
wheal. Ami, I enjoin von tiot to lay any trea-
cherous imposition, or anxtri.hutes. upon *eir
priests or Levites, or sacred singer., or porters.
or .aered servants, or scribes of the Uiiiple.
. Ami do thou, OKsdras. appoint judges according
to the wisdom rgiv^ thee] of t.od. ami thote
SVi tu •.1.. , ..■- ■ . , -
were ...idtr a ..8C. s»,.ty of doing what was enjoin
edliy hini.'thev honored onr nalton. and were
assi.limt to them i.i all their necessities.
3. Now these things were truly d.ijie under the
conduct of Esdras, and he succeeded in them,
because (loll esteemed , him worthy ol the .ncee.»
ol hi. conduct, on aecaunt ol his goodness and
righteousnesii. But .om« tm.emterwaTd there
came so.iie perion. to him, and bn...ght an accu-
sation agaiiist certain of the i.jultit.ide. and of
the prie":!. ami i.evite.. who had tIansgr.W
their .ettlemeut, and .Ussolved the law. of their
counvn. by mariying strange wive., and Iwd
broucbt the fannly of the priests into confusion.
These persons desired hiiri to support the law.,
lest (iod should take up n general anger again.t
ttieni to a caluiuitoua cpndi-
\
III enioiii luBiii »u «.<••.. "-' —.-••
transgressing it out of '?"""""•«'' ''^Za.I'Z' I ivVves." and th.' clililren they h!»d by them, he
know, it ilPdeed. but bifl.llT des,7[ses ^^ fo"- wi*«^ ^ ^^j ^^^ ^^ continued lying
teams it; and su^li may be p.mlshed by death, or •''«"„"J,,7 " „ J. Tlo^yevrr. all the better .ort
by paying lines. Farewell. ; . v^ .'',,,e runiiinij to hini, i»bo also ihenistlyes wept
V When Ksdras had received «V^T'2l arim.rtrfcofthcgrief1.« was under for,vh.|thad
was very joyful, and begun to «o"l"P,^|°'';."";' b"e„'d„„e. So j'dra. rose up fromTthe ground,
confessed that he had b*«n«»'C"r'*''^I r5n and .trctchcd out his hand, toward, heaven, _and
great favor to him. ami that for the jamereason ?";^,'\"a,V' ,Ie was ashamed to loA toward, it,
le gave all the thanks to (Jod. So he «••'»«• ^".e »i^'.«n ^j,.,, „,, people had eom-
euistle^it Babylon to those Jews that were there, | oecause o. h _ ,...,.,..,, „.„' „/,hrir mnnn-
. I . ' ,- . .L . -_:^,i. '.•«..ir ».,;! flAnt n rnnv u
,t
but he kept the epistle itself, and sent n,copy "' "J" ,' ^ „,^r father* had u.idcrgoi
. II .i! I'l.':. ».„« Kntinn »h;i» mere in Me- nes wii»i V, , . ■„,, i,_ i,,...,,;,,,!
ijm lie MTiii iu<5 '^P"*"' -"—■:» ;—■----- .,. ,■- 1 ri«,s what their lainer* iiiiii uiiuirgoneOnaccounX
U to all those of hi. o»vh nation that wcjre in Me- rie. «n , ^^^^, j^^ |,csonght God. who
dia. And when these Jews had understood ivliat °' J"*';", *,^ia and a remnpot out of the raU-
piety the king had towards (Jod, and what kind- *»« "„,! captivity' they ha.l heen inJTind had re-
Ses. !« had for K.dras. tliey iyerc all .greatly | ™L^.n.„.!!l";".„ jf!,r.,s:,l«m «nd to their owq
pleased ; nay. many of them took '
with them, and can.e t< Babylon, as v
r, -, , »y'°"l
of CoiiigdovMl toJery.aleni. but — .-- .
bftdv of the people of Israel rrnmined in that
ebuiUrv. wherefjre there are but two tritesm
" Asia afid Kufope subject to the Romans-, While
flie ten tribes are beyOnd Euphrates till %w,
and afpon immeii.? multitude, and not ^be ej-
-.. .J V... _.....koni. Niiw there came' a Erea'
coniusssion on uuni, v"—^ — - ----, -•[■ ,
ihen^heir sins they Itadiww ciMoiiutt-d, »Ji.i. li
' though tiwy dewrvcd .U alh. ,vet^t was 'Urf «■»'•«;
to the mercy of, (Jod to ivmit e^n to. these llw
punuhiiienl'due l,o,thcio." . o „«■.,..,.
•^4. After K«lrhs had slulihu, ho left offprnv-
.' 1 ...I _il .i.nu.. ih'it clime to hmi witll
«ndafcrnnM»n'*»»?n'»'i;V"''«;^"''''°2j' ^rliliriandwhcn all those that.cSm.c to him with
■timRl.d ly numbers* ^Now 'h"e caW a^g^t ng a«^^ ,h.ldrei,wore«nd.Tlam.nl;,tion,
nu'«.f.erof priesls^nd Levies, and portep. and ""J^^ '^ „„,„b «„, Joehonias. a principal -.nan
Sacred .ingers. an* sefcred servants to *'«?'?»• I ?"n3.'^c^^^ to him, and sii^l. that th.y
, So he gatliered thoy that were in ^e cpp ijuy j m Jerus lei y '^ ^. .„, ,, ,,},,,, ^nd ha"
..rether bevond Kaph i ales, and .toy e d thc r o-^ ha d « ■" " • V"",^ ,,':,,... "_..„,„,,,^.^-.
together beyond Euphralc
raPlfiJ a^rtrAa/riiifi, mill tliat thU wwof <tldC8ieciB-
' . ........ ..a'all anDlala
,■■ < 30- . , ' ■ ^
■V- •
H '
«NI
ANTIQUITIES 0F THE JEWS.
Mnuadml him lo "tjur* Ihcni ill Co rasl llioMi j tb«y w«r« inMrunled lu bo ri|[ht«uut maa for lh«
wlvM out, tiiil thr I'liijdrrn born qf thrni, ami'
' Ihtt (lioM tlH>ul<( b<>' nuniahml who would nM
obrjr Ihi* litw. So KMjriM hMrkciK d lo Ihit kd-.
vic«. ihd nindo III* hcadt of Iho prioU, aiul of
ihe LcvilPt, and of lh« Unielittit, iwrar ih^t
•h»jf would put iHiy ihoM.wivci ind chiltfrch,
«cconliii(f lo lliD ndviCD of Jcrlioniii, And ith»ii
he Imd rccrivcd Ihiir oalht.'he wi'nl in haptk 6u/
of lll« ciiiipii'i'hto Ui«' chiiiiibcr of^ JuluHliui^thf
I of Kliasjli, and m lie Imd ltiili.i^4u,%l«fl.
Holliiu;; nt all fur grirr, io he aMv llier« Ihut
dhv. And tylien proclamation wua m#(V that
alj llio.r nl tliL- riiplivity tlioold uutKrr ihchi-
•flv<» lOKrl'htr lo-Jtruiufi'iih and {fAnc that did
for Ihi! Iiiturri but aa for thair paal
Ihrv wira diiplraxd at ilianiMlvaa,
u lo thcd li art on Ihrir arruunl, aa
, nut iiicft Ihrri' in two or IbrtcOnva should be
baniKhfd frc>ni III)! niultiludr.ami rliut their aub-
, , alam-r ahould be appi-upriatrd lo thii, uMa of th«
•teiuplc, uCitinling to the aenlrnrv of the t'Idera,
ihoai- thill were of the trihea of Judali and Ueti-
^ jainiii ■■■iiii! loKellier jn three iI»vk, viz; on the
^ , twenlii'lh ilny of the ninth niwlh, whiih, accord*
lag to the llt'hrrwa, ia cnllifti 'Tebeth, and ac-
rordin^ to the Mucedoiiiana, Apdii'iia. Nowyiia
they were ailtinfr in the up|ier room ill the Kin.
' pl«, wlicK: the ridera aUo were prexi-iit, but »vere
- iiiieaay be'nuav of the rold.Kailrna atood up, and
Hci'uaAl thnii, and told them Ihut ihi v had aiiiped
ill ilwrryiiiK wivea thai were jiot of tr»irown iin-^
lioA; but tliut now Ihiy would do il lliiu); both'
plcaaiii;^., to tiod, aiiif advunlairi oiin |o them-
■ aelves, if l>ii.j- would put tlroae wiveaafVay. Ac-
eordinjily thty a|4 cried out, that they would do'ao.
That, however, Ae luullilude WBa*|;rciit, and that
lift) neitiion of the ^earwaa winter, and that Ihia
woHj would reouire^iiiore than one or two dnya.
, "Let their rlilcra, therefore, [auid Ihey,] and
tlioae that have married alrnnge wivea, come
• hither at a prufier time, while the ehlera of every
plare, that arc' iu rojiiiuon to estimate the
' number of thiiae thill have thua married, are to
. be there nl«6." Accordjiigly.Hhif wa« resolved
on by thiol, and thvy began the iii(|iiiry after
■ thote lhi>t hrtd married 8traii)!;e wives on the iirst
day of the linlh month, iiifd continued the in-
quiry to the Iirst day of 'the next ihonlh, and
touiid a.^reiil many of the posterity of Jesbua
the high priest, ana of the prients, iind Levites,
and Israelites, who had a fji-ealcr re);ar(i to the
obacrvation of the law-lhun to their mitural af-
fection,! iind iiuiuedintely east out their Wivea,
and the rhiklren uhinhwere liorn of them.* And"
in oriler lo ajipeaBe (iod^'they oflcred aacrificea,
and slew rams, ua oblations to him (but it does not
aeein to me to be necessary to set down the names'
of^these men. So when Ksdraf hud reformed
• thfa sin about the marriages of the furementioned
persons, he reduced that practice to' purity, a(
that it continued inihat atate for the time to come.
S. Noiv when Ihev kept the feast of iaberna-
clca in tlH' scrciitn niontli,f and also all the
peupic were conle together to it, llicy went up to
the open part of ftie femple, to the (fate which
look«J eastward, and desired of Kedras that the
laws of Moses nilpht b« reod to Ihem. Accord^
ingly, he stood in the midst of the milllitude and
reaj themj and this he did from niornior to
noon. Now, by hearing the l«iws read lb them
.» ^Thia|imredilreofEsilra«,*n4oflheliestpnrtofth«
ft JowWi nniinn.iil'let their return from the Haliylonlali
Kraiitivity, of rciturine the Jewish marriage*, once for
■» all, lo tlia strictiicsii of Ihe law of Moses, without any
— ri'card to ihe preatncss ofthose Who liid broken It, and
without rciiard to that natural nlfertion or compasaion
for Iheir hoithenwlvesand ihelrctaildrenhy them,whieh
niade it so hard for Esdras to eoi-reet ti, deseryei great-
ly to be dbserved iind imilaled in all attempta for refor-
■atkin iiDionx CliristiaDa,lheeantrary conduct havbig
•ver been the hone, of true relitloh, both amoiie Jew*
■ndOhrl!>ilnns,wniiikpWllirai view*, or human pasakins,
•r prudential inntiri ""
itf the divine liiw*,
ard, and tlie cliurr
from one generaiii
iMJSmi
eCairej
apdao
prexul
oH'elii'ea,
ami tirucfledei
ronsiiU'riiir with themtolvra, that if the* had
.kept Ihe law, Ihey had I'ndiireil mine ol thoa*
niiacrie* which Ihey had riperiiiiced. ItuI when
F.MJni* anw Ibeni in that dia|Mi>ltiuD, be bade
Ihem to home and not weep, for that il waa m
tratival, and that Ihey oiiKht not in Weep thereon,
fo'r thai II waa not lawful so to ilo.| lie ekhorted ■
thrni rather to proceed iuimedlali ly to leBatlnj;,
and to do what was auiliible li>afea*l,and what
was wr*(*l>le lo a day pf joy, but lo let their ra-
)ieii1unce and aorrow for their former aina b<i d
security and a tuaril to Ihrm, that they fall no
morejnto the like olliiicea. So u|iun Ksdraa'a
exho|;tAtion they be;;iiii to ftaal, and when they
hai^ao done for eicht days, in 4hcir laliernarlea,
they ilepuTted lulWirown llpinea, >iii)(iii(r hyiniia
to Uiid, and returiliiiK Ihaiika to Ksdraa, fur his'
j'4:forniHtiuu uf whht cuiruptioiia 4iad been intro-
dVicrd into their aellh menl. .So il came to paal.
that after he had obtaiiu d ihii reputation anionc
Ike people, he died an old man, anil ua* buried
in u niHgnificent manner at Jerusalem. About
the siiMie lime il happened also, that Juacioi
the liif;h priest died; nnd his ion Kliasib tuc-
cei dei.l in ihe hi;$h |iri«;Bthiioil.
, ti. JVow there lyus one of those' Jew* that |>ad
been carried captive, who wiis cup-liearer to king
Xerxes: his name whs iViehiniiah. As t hi|t. man
was w'alkiuK bifore Sus», the inelropulia of Ihe
INr»i«n», he lienrd some atmiigers that were en-
teriiif; Ihe rily after uvlonfip journey, ajieaking to
ose another in the Hebrew'inugue; so he went to
them and asked them whence ihry i^aiiieT And"
when their agawer waa, thnt lliey came from
Judea,be bej^on to inquire of iTieui HfcainiD w4iat
sliite the niultilude was/ and in whAt condition
JerUsakm was? and wheu t)u>y repliexl, that
they were in ■ bad Btale,|| foAthal ^heir walU
were thrown down to the groiliiil, and that the '
I'leighboriiig nations diil a ijrcat deal of mischiei
lo the Jews, while in tln' duylinie Ihey overran
Ihe countrv, and pillaged it, and in Ihe night did
them iiiisi'liief, insomuch that not a few were led
away captive out of the country, and out of Je-
rusuleHi itself, and. that the ^roads' were iu tlyi
daytime found full of dead men. Hereupon N*-
heiiiiah shed tears, out of commiseration for tha .
calaniitiea of his country nien; and look/iiff Up to
heaveii, he said, '{Ilow'lone, O Lord; wilt thou '
overlook our nation, while it suRen «o great
hiiseriea, and while we are made the pr^)r~«t{a
spoil of all men?" And while he stayed at th*
gate and lamented thus, one told him that tha
king, was going to sit down to supper; tso/he -
made haste, aad went as he was, without washing
binreelf, to minister (o. the king in f\\% oflice of
cup-bearer; but aa th'e- king was Very picasaft
after supper, and more cheerful, than usual, hir
cast his eyes on Neheniieh, nnd seeing him look
sad, he asked hint why he was sad? Whereupon
he prayed to.God to give him favors and afford
hin« the power of persuading by his word*, and
said, 'S llow Can I, O l^ing.appear otherwise than
thus, and not be ]n trouble, while I hear that the
t This Jewish feast of tnhernaelet waa Imilaled hi'
several heatlien ■olemnilles, as Spanlieim here ob-
serve* and prove*. Me also further ohaervea iiresentlf ,
what Rirear regard many beaihtins had to the mona-
ment* uf their forefather*, a* Nebemiah had here, aeet.
}Thi« rule ofEodras, not lb flist on a feitlval dar.
Is qnoied Ip the AnosloltcalConatitutboa, b. v. ai oot
laininiiamonK Christians also.
11 This miaeraMe condition of the Jew^ and their rapi-
tal. mn*t have lieen afler W^edeiilh of Endrs*. Ilieir ftir-
'mlla
|>u|i'h
groua
^at d
iUWB
Accoi
free I J
that I
that I
him '
tla.iB<
ii'K)
oHii:*
Uod;
and (
by III
A ceo
ij- ^■
4-
ralfered to take pliire instead
the bleiaing of <,od ia forfeit-
'Mill suffered to continue rorrupt
jo another. See chap. vlii. sect. S.
mer iiovernor, and before NulienilAh rame with liia
rommisainn to.l>uild Ihewnlls of Jenianlem No> 1*
that at all disagre^hhle lo these historic* in Ja**phus,-M
*ince Badrascamoon ihe Tth, and Neliemtab not lit
tbeSSttaofXerxei,at(liclntaiv8larie|(atf "
-\-
BOOK xi -ClIAl". VI.
*i,V
%in< of J«ru««l»m, lfc«^y where iim lh« •••
pulchr*'* «'< my Utlitr.. ikrV Ihrowii cIuwb I.i th«
trouiid.»nd th«t ili ipH«'*'"^ fuiM.iiiii.d ''y «'••
Cat «lo lh.iu grmit In* •««■ hvi^r I'. K" hihI 1iuiI|I
tU w«ll., una lu fii'i'l' "'•• lM»l.tii.({ of llir li i>.|>l«--
■ AconliiiKly, ihf kiii|if*»« l.nii » ■ikiihI. thiit br
rr..U Kr.r;|t.<l 4ii.i.,*liiil«'« n.k.l; »iiil 'ulJ ''im
Ih.l hv.lm«.l<l <""y i»»'*|'i»rt« »" th» Kovriimra,
tl»Hli«y iiiJglH pHjr hiiK iluu huiK.r,' mill •norU
biiu wli»Uo*>«i' »»»i»tli"iK li'- wHnl«i»l. ami »• l>«
ul«ui«il. " !-•»»« o« Uiy •"""" """• (•""' *)'•
• liiiit) «"'! '>• «:l>«<rfi'l i" "'« ii' rK.nimnit! (.( Ihy
o«ii« lurriifltr." H\. jS.Ii. iiiluli wor-.hi|H)nl
God; •iij K*** «'i« KinK lliiiiik» ft>r liU proiiuw.
•nU clt-«rti1 MP 111. .ml ynd tliM'ly louiiUiiiiiiif,
by lli« pliMun- lie liiul fnMii lli«> kiiinS|iruiiii«i.
Accordiiiiily, lli« kiiift lulUd li»t hitii Ui* ii> xt
(Uy, Biirf Ki«*e liiiil nn «!Iii«tl« tu '"' >:"."■.>«»' "'
. AiUhv tli« B.)V«ri)or of Syria, untl Hb.niiciH, ami
Siuiiarlk; wTi«r«riii li.' n-nt to lum «« i;'y 'j""
honurto N.lieiiimli,itnd loiupply him wiU> wliat
he wtnletl for hi. iMUM'tf- „ , , , , ,
r Ai>w whtii hilliSi luiiiij to llubylon niul liiul
Uten with him niaiiy of hi* couiitryim ii, wliu
Tolbiiturily fiillow< il liim, he ruiiif to Jtnuiilf'iit
in the tweiily «n<l fitth yei'f «'', "'" f',"" '"
Xcr»r>: anil.Mrli«" he haU ihowiXhc «|i|»lli» to
Oml,« he K*'" ••>»•''> •'• Aileu!", ami U< ill'' otliir
|roveriiof.H.! hIw c»ll.d tOBi-»li< r alt iIib ii<;o|iI«-
to J«ru»Blciii, and flood in liiu iiiKi,t ol tliu t«iii-
ple, and luade tho, fi41owiiiK niiteih to tlum:
"You know, O JewY'thot ^iod liulli ki |it our
father. Abtttfetiu, iiirit l.uac , and Jacob, in inind
continuallyl auJ«)««l« ««k« of their riKht«ou»-
ne.. hath ue»t »elt o<f\\\«vni,^iy^>»-- imlcd. *
hath tt.w«lid,iu« in gaining tin. iflifluwity ol tlr«
• king tt raii«"«|> onr wftlT, ami tini.h «ih»l • »».
wantiBK of the t*n>ul«. 1 d«Jirc you, thirefort,
who well know the ill-willjdiljp neighboring na-
tion, bear to u.: and that when biice tliey are
made «cusibU> that wc are in eoriii.iit about
building, they will came upouut, mid conlrivo
uiantway.'of olxilruciing bur work., Ihal you
'williiDtheftr.t phce, iiut your trust nH.od, as
inhimllmtwUI B.«i»t u.apiini-l their hiiUed, and
to intermit building neitlier night iio» day, but to
• uifcall diligence, and to hasten on the work ! now
Wfthave this e.necial ojJiiorlunity for it. When
he had .aid thi«, he gave order «W the ruler,
should measure the wall, and part the work ol it
tnioue the people, according to themvilluge. and ,
citieira..'«very one's iibilitie. should require.
And when he hdd added this promise, _lbat he
Diinself. with his servants, would u.si.t them, he
dissolveil the assembly. So the Jews prepar-
ed for the work: that is the uanic tliey are
called by from the day tbatthcy caine up from
BaBylon, which is taken from «« HWc of Judah,
» which came first to these phices, and thence
both they and tte country gained that appel-
8. But now when the Ammonites, "and Moab^
ites, and Samaritans, and all that inhabited
Coelosyria, Heard Uiat the building went ou
•pace, they took it heinously, und prcvceeded to
lay snari 8 for them, and to hinder their intei\-
tiohs. They iil*o .lew many of the Jews, ami
■ought how they might destroy NehemiBh hiiii-
. lelfrhy hiring some of the foreigners to kril liim.
TIfty also put the Jews io fear, and disturbed
m
Ihein, and spread abroad rumors, •• if niwf
nalions wer« read* lu make an .iiieoilto"
aKHiiist •hem, l>v wlMfli nieaiis Hoy were ha- ,
ratsed.artd had alm..«l,l«ft oil tli« buildiiiKi "««
iioneAf Ihese tlanK> Oiflld I'Her N.hemi«h from
being diligent alHiuriiV.wj.rk; he only set •
iittmbtf of men about hjiu a. a guard Io hit
■ i - .....;. ..IlL \.«<.»...w»««>l ihi rem.
boily, and so unweariedW Y'rievered itureio,
and was inMin.ible of any Wouble. out of »'•"•'
.ire Io perfect this work. Aiid thus did l»" at-
tentively and with great fnr«T.»»t take care of
hi.'own safely, not tliul he f.Bri;rtih«lh. bJil outa»t
thi. pefMiasioJi. that if he weiV;-.Uu. . li.e wiillj
for his ciliienf would n. »e» he 'li*; I- <'•• »'••
itBve ordeM. lhi»t the buil.ler. shuWd ki. p llu ir
rt»k.,and have their ammr on wh^hs • '•» «•"•
boihltng. Acconliiiglj. the mu.<ii)liVthi» •«"."'
on, a.well a. he thai l.ionght I le innf. ri..U or ■
buildhiK. "He »l«-> Tl" ■(«•'•'• ••'•« «h*i» .l.iild.
.houl.1 lie very -n. .ir tl.eni; Bud h* I'J'yd irum-
peleft at every five hundr. d fe«, Hii.l thj.rged
Ihvili. that if their M.emle. »PP'«"''- ' IT?"'"!'',
Ki»-« nolicu of it 10 the people, frtat th* ftghj
Brlit in their armor, and llo ir eiiemieJ (Kiglit
not fall up.ui them nakedt lie al»o went vA^^J.
the Com|">»« of «'•* "'y 'V '"»'''• '*.'"« '"**1
di.conrB''i;d, nerth. r aluiiil the work il»tir, m»t,
ubout his own iliet and .hep; l.ir he .niii>le no urt ■,
ot those tiling, for hi- pleasure, but. out o lit-
ce..llv. And thif trouble |.e underwent lor two
veuiVaiid four iiioiilhif.t f'-r in ,.0 long time
„». the wall l>uilt.ii'.tlietwe»lv-e.Kl,th,e..roi
lh« reign of Xerxe.. in th.' ninlh moil h. Now
when itie wall, wele finished, NeUmiah ami the
inuUil«deonere.hycrificeMo(.od f'" ••"^ '"''''•
ing of them, and l*y CuiJIii.ued in fen Mm;; igll
d«W, However, when Bie imtions which dwelt
ill V„ia heard tlmt the biiddiriK ofNlliC widl wa.
finisl.ed, they hud imligm.llon at it: bV when Nje'
hemi,h saw thai the cily wa. Ihm "fV,"!''';- "■
exhorted the priesls «ud tlie r.evile,( ih.it they
wouW leave the country, ^"'"«' |''*;''7",r ^j-
the city, and Uiere Continue; and he buili then •
houses at his ow»*e«|.ei.«e.; ant be coooimnded
that part of th.^ peoi.l) which «'■'«• '"JIP'^'^V*
ciiltilaling the hirtil to brii.- the titFte o ihejr
rr\ii(s to JtrusaUni, that I W prusl. mid I,, vitc.
having whereof they mi^fl., live l'<;'l-"'|«lly.
mii;lit not leave th.vdivine worship; who wdlmg-
Iv hearkened to the conslilulions of Nehemiuh,
by which mean, the cily of Jerusalem caiirtv to
bJ fuller of people than it wM.befo^|. Su wlien
JSehemiah Imd done iiiaiiy i/t''" '^eellcDt things,
and things worthy of comm.ifdBtion ">• K"""
„u, maimer, he came to a g.e« "S^.' ''."j . l^*"
died llu was a man of a good and righleou.
disposllioD, and verv ambititms to iiiake^hw own
natVonfiappy: and ile hath-left the wall^of Je-
rusalem i. an eternal mpnuim^.t for himself.
Sow this was done ill the days of Xer»e».
CHAP. V».
Cmttrning Either, andMorJtcai, andlfamnn,
Xafion of <*« Jtw$ tva$ in danger ofperuhing.
8 1 ArrER the death of Xerxes, the iingilom
oane^to be transferred to his son Cyrus, whoiM
the lireeks called Artaxentes. When t ". man
ad obfaiined the government over the I'erslaiM.
• This showing!
h,g.th.inop.nteroje(i«.jnj^h.je,^^^ ?« theMhirioS 'hu-^.ard.y ey_jr n^^^^^
han mm InfalliWe »«''»"",'n^;; 11 ?e hifore "e rtea It
crliDnfiof the niooa, *ml' this a ill c 7'"'^ "'•''S"'"
of l^rmf the fiteiit, Anihi. h. ivH.eh. vl.scct, 4. Now
on tK two f hfo. uloairal rliaraeter. in a vre,.t met
S.U&nd»ncof the met liiiportani !«>'"« *«"*
lnrioChrtsltaiiity,»li!'tho expllraiton oMIan e»e 70
in( to Chrwienny. ^ of piir B avlunf' t mH.lstr y.
tau t hem open neiore <.o«, 111 n"! t«...H'''. ■• "> j "»« —-
tavint onen the optotle. of Bennartierlbliefore him «1-
io by lle«>litBh.a King. xlx. M; l"". xxxvh? 14; nitlio
ihialkit wa« forn nicnioiialloimt hhn in mind of the
•nemioi inordcrlo move the divine compassion, and
vthe proilil as a token of pralitiide for nierrfc. already
received, as liavercnnipwell ol.Mrve#on Ihi. plice.
irhai an unuiniBl ilcciirBry Jowjpnua dcierniliiea ttacM
frtraof Xersei. in wldch tlie wa laol Jerusalem Were
{uilt viz. that Nehenilah came With hi. couimiairton in
thesbtb of Xetxee, that tlie walla were two yeara four
wwk i . a i iJ ' t l i e nui a i i "" ■ ■■ "■■■ ■- ■ ■ -■ ■ ■ - 'i- itjill
Tnd thi S of hi. deart. In '•o"«!«P«««>J'"/.,'»';»5
"0 week.. See the gupplcmeniw tfce Lit. Actomp of
Proph.p.'l^. . ' ...■■. Casii. ,..;.■;■. •..
^K-S^^
W
l^
99R
ANTIQUITIES OP THE JEWS.
Ih« Mrhol«,u«lion of lh« J«iM,* with lh«tr wivci
■utl chilJnii war* In dtiinr of pcri*hin(: iha
oreuiian *ili*nu>( w« (ImTI UaicUr* in ■ lillln
liiur, lur it i( )>ru|mr, iiiMin llrti iiUrnitv i >^iUin
■uiMnwbiit rrliiluic, 4ii lliia l>iii;r, mill liuw liii
eiun« iu luurn ■ JvMinli wifn, wliu mth tirrtrll'
ul (h« rojfal hiiiiil^ uliio, mid who it rrlmiil tn
have •■vml our nuliun) lor v\hrn Arlus*rx(» huil
lultnii Ihai kiiigiloiii, ■ml hnil Ml Ku«uriiiir( over
ihr huiKiri'il ■mi twiiity ami trvni priivjmvt,
fruiu lliilia even untu Kinio|iia, in Ihr lliirU jieiir
a( hli riiigii, ha luwla a lunlly feaiil lur hit
frieiiili, ami for the iiatiuii* ul' IVnia, ami Tor
their guntrmtti, lurh a one im wai |H'ii)Mir for
■ kiiiK III iimiie, when he hat) a iiiinU to iiiuke a
pulilic ilenHinttnitiiiii of hi* rkhr*. ami thit fur *
numlri^il lull lourti'iire ila}i; at'tir whii'h hi'-
lltAile a ^att (ur oilier miliiih>, ami for their nil-
baeiedii^i h( Shutbuiit for netcn iliiye. Mow thie
Jeaal Wat ordirvtl al'ler'thii nioiiiier fiilluwIiiK:
no i!ua«r(l II lent to be iiitihed, whiuli t\iit |IU||<'
' .i' liorKa by |>iltara of kuIii uiid ailver, Milh fiirluii'i*
of linen Mild (iiirple >|ir(nil over IhiUi, that It
iuight ulford rnoiu lor many liii lhuu«:ilii|» (u tit
down. Tho i:u|w nitb ivhirh the tvaiteri ininl>''
tcred wen< i>( gold, and iiiloriieil with iirecjoui
•tonct, (or |ili;atiii'e and for tight. He ulto ^ave
order to the lervuntt thut they thouhl iiiit lurie
Itieiu to drink, by bringing Iheni iviiir lonlijiunl-
Ijr, at it the |irueliru ol the I'eriiiiiit, hut to |H'r-
iuit every niir of the ^iiettt to enjoy hiintell ac-
■ordiiiK to hit own iiicliiiiition. nlareovi r, he
(«nt iiiet>engera through' (he cuiiiitr|, nml guve
- order that they ihoiild liavca renilmiun of their
ilabori, and thouhl keep a fetlival many dayt,
/on Mccoonl of hit kiiigdoiii. Iii like miiiiner did
; Vathti, the queen, guiher her gUeitJi together,
.' and luade them u feait in tliit |ii>iai:e. ^iow the
' / king will iletirout to thoiv her, »\vho exceeded
',''Jkll other woiiitn iu beiuity, to tliote thut feiuted
' Wiih liiin,.and he tent toiiiu to roi|ininnd her to
kj cdnie to hit frait. Uut the, out of reganl to the
1^1 hwi of the I'eriiiiiiit, nhiph forbid the wivet to
j^ia teen by ttraiigeri, did not go to the kiug;f
'i|^m] lliough he oUeiilimet iciil the eiiiiUL'hi to
her, the did nuverthelett ttay itway, niid refuaeif
' to come, till the king tvat to much irrilaltd, that,
be broke nn the entertainnienC, and rote u|),*an<l
called for iRote teveii thut liml the inter|)reti>lion
of the hiwt ramiuitjLed to llieiu, mid oecuied hit
..wif«, iiud taid/Tll^t he hud been iilfruiiteil li\ hor»
Hccaute that when the wat Ireqiienllyciilled by
hiimto hi^fft'ifist, the did not obey him once. He
ther«<hre gave order thut they iihould inforin
hiib, what could be done byHhc'Jaw againtt her.
Sooae of them, ivhnie iiauit wat Mt'inuran, laidi
that. '* thit afl'ruiit w:it ntiiTi il iiot to him alune,
but to all the I'l T«iuii!«, who were In itungcr aji
leading their livet very ill %tilh their wives, if
they mutt be thus di ■.jilted by them; for that
•.'■V ■
*Hince,^pmetco|>tiralperMiMRri! wlllini; to dltinrd
thit IhwIc 6( Ettticr an no true liHtory; unit even liiir
leniiH'd andjudici&nii Ur. Wall, In nit hitc puil iuiliruit
eriilcal nnlea upon all Ihe other Hebrew iKioki of llie
Olil Tealiipiont, yivet lit iioue upon the Caul irleH or
apon Bather, ami teems llji^rvl'y ioirlvou|illiit I'ouk, at
well at l.t given up (lie I 'itiiiiileii, us huleli'iitllilc; I tu.ill
venture lo tay, t'liit ulinont nil the iiliji'iiiuim ni'nhitt
llihhookof Ktther areeuiientoiire.ir. atwcrcrlaiiily
ought to do, and at l>ean Prldeaiix Imt Jiiatly ilono, wc
Mare lliia liitlnry under .\rla\ei irt I.aii|.'liuaiiut, ot do
boltallie Heptiiai-liit Interproiert ami Joi-phut. Tl»e
learned llr, Luc,||i Lit po^thulllout diuerluilun on the
__»ecoiiU.I)ook of Etilrad, pii'ji' Mi, a'to tiiyt. that "the
Irulh of thit liitiory I* deuiuiitl rated liy the fcaet of
I>iiriin,'l<ept upfroM Ibayiuielo Ihiy very day: niid tliit
■urpritini providential revuJuHoii in favgr ota iiiplive
people, thereliy toiiamnily coininnmoruteil, alnedelli
•veil ii|ion a Hrincr tutit tliini that ll.cre ever wat fucIi
amqn on kini; .A|exuiiilcr [ihi' Crrajj ih llio wai'ld,br
wl inai ' re i /n ll iere i i iiot i e; !! aliidi i nr iiion ii ni i int nt l li b
nop* of their wivet would hava any nttrtnea
for their huthuiida, if they had auch Ml t'taiu|il«
of arrogani'r in the iiuiin towunli thee, who
ruletl over all." Ari'iitdiii,(ly, he -eiliorltd hint
to |iuui>h her who hud licen gullly of to grtal
an aflront to him, ftllld^i •eti;ri>. iiinnnrri aiul
when he hud to done, l^pnhlltli to Ihe natioM
what had been .decreed uliinil Ihe queen. !4>ilb«
reiohilion WM^tn put Vunlili awny, a(id 10 giv*
berduniiy lo'^aiioilu r wuintn.
'i. tVul the Ikkig liuving litrn fond of her, did
not will bear ir»i piiriiliou, mid yil hy llir luw
hefoulrl not Hilniit ota recoiiiilialion, fu he WM
under trouble, at ii it having II in hit power to
do what he di mred lo do. Ilul when hit Iriendt
taw him aouneaty, tin y adviaed him lo raat III*
memory of hit wile, uinl hia hive for her, oul of
hit mind, hut lit aeiid nbroail our all Ihe habita-
ble earthijfnd lo aearch out for ciiiiirly virciiit,
tluiuld like li^tl lor ■
lor hit former nifa
niid to liikeher wliuin hi
nife, biraute hit paiiiaii
Would be oiiinrhril by the intfoiliii lion of an
other, niid the kimlntaa he hail lo Vathti
ouhl
I on h«r
be withdmnn from her, mid he illai:i
thai wat with liini. Aoeonliugl} , he wta pertuo-
ded lo fulloiv Init advice, and gave or.li ri^ l0t>/
certiiln periont to I'hooae oul of tli
Wen in hia iiii^jdi
the iiIihI i^oiiii ly. ihi
tlieae viij^ina were |r»tl)
damtrl in Tiair
irgiiin lini <
I (hoae that weie etleemeij
o when a gri iit mimlieii of
ithii'er^ liigither, there IV4M|
fouml a damtrl in (iabylun, whote purenia w«^
IkiIIi 'ilnnd, and the ttat brought up with hit i.
un< le Mordecal, fur that n ua her uiii'le't liaWe . '
'FIiIh uiii Ik was of Ihe tribe of nenpiniin, Hiul .
tv.it one of the priiicrpal pirtont iiinoiig tho ''-.
Ji Ml. Nmt it proved that thit dumtil, whoi^ ;
name wai Kather, wua the inoit bi uutiiul of all'
the ri .>t, uiid thut the grace of her I'Uunlcuauce
drew the eyet of the »)*clulora priiiiiiially upon
hir: to the wai eumnilttid to one of llieeunucfit,
to take the cure of her: and the tvat very ex-
actly provided with tweet odura, in great plen-
ty, and with rottly ointmentt, tuch at hrr dodjr
rei|uire(
to be ^anointed withal: and thit WM
uaed for tix iinnthn by the virgin*, who were' in
number f.iui'Miuiidred. And when the eunu.'h
thuuf^ht the virg'int hnil been lulliciently piirf-
tied, in the foreiui ntioiled time, and were now fit
logo to the kiilg't bed, he tent one to be with
the kin;-: every iTny. So whin be h.id acconipar
niid with her, be tent her back to the eunuch
and when Ktther had come to him, lie wat (dea*
eil with her,and fell in love with the diiniael, and
married her, and made her hiii lawful %vife, and
kept a wedding featt -'Air her im the twelfltb
nio(ilh of the aevcnili year of hit reign, tvhieli
wat called Adar. lie nlao tent nii/fart, at they
aro called, ijr mitiengeri, unto, every nation
and gitvc Ordert that they thoiild keep a feast for
his mtirriage, while ho liimittf treulcil the t'er-
of t1.laktn|t,nTlorontlrinanronefRrtof Idtwhatever,
will! file tame evidence whirh It heregiven for the prln-
clpiil fnei in Ihe tarred Inxik, or cefU to nmrli at lo
prove the oslalciire of mirh (i (leraon, of whom to
(ireiit thiiiKt arc riiutid, hiif .lyoii :.ra<iliniitli|t • ook of
H»tlj;r, or hlrth of Kadni.1 (..«(?-(.« plnred in loiiie afli'ia
most aneienl roplot of iliv v\il,'atc,) lo Ins a uiott tru*
and certain h^tory,"/v.r, ' ' ,
t irtlic Clialdee piiraphratl Ixi Ifi the rlfiht,tliat Artair'
cr>ct iniuiided ii> iii>otr \'hiiIiA to bit mettt naked, K
it no wonder at all tiuit the wnuld iml tuhnilt to tudi ^
an indignity; lot mi'l, il'U weruiioliiogroKtatthat,y«|
might it, lnt!>e kin;i'i< riipa, It) done in a wiiy io inde-
eeiil,na tliefonliin luwi v'oii!d,nat tl:en Icarmor* :
,than the counnon Inwt v( nindetty. .And ttvat tho king .
had tome tiirli ileiiii.'ii teiwiiH not iiuprobiihlii, tor other-
#ite the prnii!lpnt of ihete royarguettt cduld lie no
atrniijrerHtotlu! queen, nor unapprizrd other fieaiity,
80far;i»dcceiiryailinilled. lIowever.tliiroFrovidciice
wii' I'Ow pnvint' lie ivny for tic ijilroductiOn of »
Jml ' ftt i ntot t' C ki n' ^ - - "' ■■ = » — ' — »-^ — ^
nrtmnT"
at' c' liu n t. i l l u ' l i a r lulTl i igi
one of .llio-niotl wondurAil deliveriinret whli-h tbe
Jcniali or any niitioii ever had, wo need nol he fartlier
■n!iri;nuM .'ihnm ili«\ioiiyn« hy which the klngwalin--
diiced to divorce Vci^'t, mid marry Either.
Ay tphe fouiifl any where. , Nor will Ihuv, I duroKBJr,'
whoipinrrrl nt this, or any oMnT'of Ihe tarred liitto-
riw,flnd il a very enty inatlir io<reroneilc ili|i diilfreni
■ecomita which were'jstveii by j(btorlantot'lh'e atliiirt
n t'tiiiii|ila
Oirx, who
url«il liiin ,
if |i> Krral
linrri mill
hi iialiiin* ,
II. Ho Iha
iitl (i) giv*
if hrr, iliil
y llir liinr
^ li« W»»
|IUHrr til
till IriciiiU
ti ruHt lli«i
irr, iiul ul
liK linbitu-
Iv vir|[iiii,
li**! lur It
rnicr wiru
ion of an- ■'
ihli wiiiitil
I'll iin h«r
hh pt.T«u»- ;
or.l. 'tJO.Jm-
irgiim nm '
■) eili'i'iiicij
llUllllill!) uf
UlLTI' l«M|
ri'iiln w«|i,n
r with b^r t.
■It'u imWr . '
'inilii, Htul
iitii>ilK til* ''
•I I, wliiia^ :
liiuloriiH
luntcuMiice
[lully u]iui(
lu euiiuctia,
u viTjf en-
(fl'Ul ulcii-
hrr lioiljr
I this WM
u wrro* in
he I'uniii'h
Dtly |iurt-
cfi' nuw fit
:n Im <Y>(I>
I ll('('OIII|iar
ii> I'unuch
was |>l«a«
iiniHel, and
\\\k, aud
ic twiillib
^11, whicli
1, at lliey
ry fiat inn
a friitt for
(1 lh« I'lr-
< whatever,
rorllieprln-
Dmrii oe to
whom HO
tl'hiuok of
M)iii«arnie
nuKnilrua
thatArtair'
I' naked, II
RllttOIUCll,
■•ih:il,yet
ny Ml iiidc-
Icar mora ■*
lat llic kind
f, t"or olhcr-
rituIJ lie no
ler jirniity,
rrovidcnce
ictioii, i>r a
DCH)K 9t.r-CllAf. VI.
^•k^ and th« MhIm, alHl Ihr Brinri|Ml mm of
iH imli in>, for a whiiU iilli. "ii in'ioiinl of
lhl> lli« in irrmnr. Ai'i''irilin|il,1 , I .<llii r raiiic In
hit royal juiUir, ;.nil he wl a iliniU iii on her
heail: anil IhiM wmi Ki|<hrr nmrrinl, wlthMitt
making knuwii tu tlia kiiiK whut nalimi ihr «aa
il»ri»i.il Ir.iiii. Mir umli nU« riMiov«il from
Habylun Ul SJiukIimi, hoiI iIWi If Ihi n-, I" inR
(Vt'ry day uiioul Ihc |Hiliir«, nii.l iili|iiii'iiiK how
the (laiiKi'l ilM. fiH' he luwil hi'r »• lliough ihe
had liii 11 hU own ilaiiKhIrr,
U. Now lh< hliiK hiiil iiiiiile u liiw.lhni niinn of
bU own iwiifili iilii.iild n|i|ifiiii< h hhii milio he
wrri' riilliil, nlirii he t^ik upon lii> ihroiii ;* niul
lilt II null ii»r« in llnir hani'n xlnoil rmitnl about
hlithmni', in oiiUe lo piiiiinh milfa* iipprom linl
II him uithoiil biliiK r-lh il.- Ilowiver.ihe kin^
I it with H ttol'lni -iiplrii in bin liniiil, whirh he
I I III out wTi) n III' hiiil H iiiiml M •hvp any onr of
I lone that appri.i«rl»il to liiui wilhnul hiiiiK ('»ll-
j d. iittd he mIkj luuiihi'tt It WJ» fri'i' froiii rlniigir,
lut of lhi> iHHtd'r I have iliwoiirtiil -ulliiunlly.
I. Soini' Hull' Bl'lir lhl« (two riy|ii"l'«l •••K"
bun anilTiriili plutlnl ii)(»>u«t ilWkmKi i>">i
KainiiluiiiM, tiie «i rv.inl ul uiii- ol tflf rwuuib«,
'leinK'liy birlb » Ji w, »'i» ui'ipuiintnl with ilii'ir
conapinii'), nnil ilimoveri'il it to the qm eii'ii IDI^
cli", mill Morilii'.ii, liy tin' niiaiw of Kutlur. iiiaili'
the connpiriitni'ii Imown to Ihe klog. 'rhoi Irou
380
lloni ntlfkl
iiioBey very willmKly Ihni lli<v
Im frri'il frmii »ui h « iiiMf'i>lui¥ir i
#. Whi'M iliiiiian hail inaili Ibi* petition. lb«
king both lorKute hini lli>' n<iiu>)i, mul anmled
bint tb< nun, to tlu wlml hcSfTMnil wild tin HI.
So llenian having ({aineil what In iUmikI, M'bt
out liliiiieiliali ly a ilirriii, nt Inmi'lhi kiiiK.lo all
niiUona, Ihe eiitilrnl'ii wh»r».j[ wen ^iti-i-. " At-
taterti a, the Krral king, lo thi> inli rt of ihi bun-
ilrri) Iwi'niy aniluviil proviiire<, fmni India lu
Kthuipla, »»niU llna writini; Wbirra* I hav«
guvernril niiiiij iiiilioiM, ami iililcniied the ilu-'
Hiinion ul i.ll ihf Imliilahfk earth, uciuiriling lu
my dvilre. anil IwH' not bun ubIlKeil lu ilo uny
thing that la in^nli'iil or cruel (o iiiv aiiliji ita by
•Ul h my iHiHir. but biive ahoweil ni>t< ll iiiild
and Ki'iilb', by Inking iiiri' of tb« ir pi are iiiiil
koikI orilir. iiinl lone aoiight b"* 'hi'y might ei|t
JO* thoae blra>inKt for nil time li» I'ume. And
wheraaa I hiive liern kindlj iiifornied by lla-
nmn, who, un arruunt ol hit pruilenie and ju»-
tice, i« lb' fir«l III iiiy lairitii, "iirt in itignily,
and only aeionil to myaelf, iVir bia^ltililili ulid
ronaluni good-will to n|i', Ibiil llnre I* an ill-na-
tured nation iiitcriniiiil Willi all nianiiinil, thai il
av«r»i' lo out lawa, and nol fubjii I lo kinna, ami
of a^lillirint londiiit ol lile froiii tilhira, llial
hali'lb iiionaD'by, and of a ditpoailiiin that i«
pi I'liH'iiiua to our atliiira, I (tive order that (h*'**
bi^.r ii;.! kt;;;;; i,;,i lo: .ri.<oi;rr.nb.'tiuib. i....! ' inm. or whom "»'"»» •""•'r'n'"''*'''';.*;;;'';
r„„,, ,vl,j|,. at thiit inloi'oii'd u«, bediHtriiyi'il, withlbcir wivea ami
11 own I J*w», Bgainat the day before iiientione<U "nJ
county".' iu«s"ih„T"l..'"woUl .rnot woi-i.p the ; tliiy; we"h- lery ba.ly abo,,l U at «•■»•''"'' '"P"':
iniin.t Wh.nll«inan.,b.crv,dthish.Mii<|iiire.l;tiouliir. Arcoidiiigry.tliv king and llaiimiai^ent
Wbeiici' he cnoirt anil wliin he uililenloud that iheir time i|i leaating logi ther With good clicar
hanged the iiiiiui'lia iipou n
time be gine no reivuril to Mofibnil, who had
been the in'rasion of hi" pceiurmlion. lie only
bade the ai-riheii to ail down liia naiiie ill tli>' re-
eorda, anil Im li him alpy in Ihe pnluve, lia An in-
timate friin I olHhe klu!-'.
6. Now tliinwiiione llainnn.the aon of Ame-
datbn, by birth un Ani.ilekiti , thiil Iked to go in
to the kiiir; and tlir I'oreiitnci'K loid IVraiuna
Wornhippeiriiiiu.iia \rl. vtm. hn' I'oiiliniiiidid
Ihar <iui'li honor »hould In j dd io l.i... . ; it Mor
derai wnii -n wiai'i iiinl »o iiliairvant ul
tou
iniin
whence ... _
h« wua a Ji'iv, he, hiid indigniitioii at biiii, and
■aid within liini-ell', that " wloreiia tiie ferai.iiiHi
who were Inc imii, \vor«lii|ipi'd him, Ihia luiin,
' who was no Ik tli r than h »Ibv< , doii. not voiirb-
aafv lo do »u." And whi n he ili'iirtil to puuUh
Mordcrai, he thmufifhl it loo Kniull a thing to re
queal
cd -
. nati<
Jcwa,
Whli-b Im wr». had been destroyed by tbcni. Ac
cortliiigly he eanie tothe kiuj;;, and iicrimeil them,
•ayini;-, "There i« a ctrlniii wirked iiiilion.aiid U
i« (liniierred o»er all the habitable earth thai i» un-
der thy dominion; a nation separate fruiii other*, |
hilclren, ami that none of them be apariil, a*d.
I lb»t none pielVr pily lo Ibeni bifore^bedienct
' tolliin di i-ree. And thia I will to Iwexeiiitedon
I the fourteenth day of the twelllh iiionlh of thia
preient yeiir, that »ii wbnl (ill Ibiit have enmity
to ut are diHr.it ul, knd thi» in one day, we may,
be, allow.'il lo fi-ml the re.l of our liv«» in peata.
benalier. ' Aow when Ihia decree waa brought
I t(i the eitiea, and to the i oiintry, all were ready ,^
lur the lleatriiCtiun and tntire aboliahnmnt ol tb«
and Willi , hut the iily wu« in diaorder. /
7. .Now when Mordeeai waa iiifomied oi what
waa done, lie rent hia i iutbva, aud put on aack-
rliitli, and apriukled. aahea u|Min lua bead, and
went about llie i:itv, crying out, thM"a natioli
that bad been ifljunuu
I mun, waa lo be d«>-
TinffalHiul
wliii'li the
I he furtlier
log wat !■-
sroerui, ne iiiouirjiii. u loo nmui, •» iuiub *•- .»- -■■ — "" \r '" ,7^ 1 . ,, _ ,i.... ... y«- .a
eat of the king tliat be alom mlsbt be puni-h- 1 alroyed.' Aiidlie wV on "»y'"8^''"« " /" "
; he mther drteriuineil to abobab the whole the ling'a palace, aodViere he ,wd. for it w^^^
lion, for be wiii natumlly »n enemy to the not lawl.d for hinitog..\n pit inlbatliabil.. IM
wa,l>«rauaethe nation of the Aiiiulekitea, of aame thing waa done Ly VI the f"* "^" "'f*
' ■ ■ ■ 'in the aevcral crtica wherein tbia decree wa*
uubliahed, with lamentation and niburniiig,.aa
arcount of Ihe calniliitiet. denounced ■«»>'>'*
them. But aa soon aa cerlaifl priona had luW:
Ihe'cpicen that Mordeeai »(ood before the Court •
linaoiiable, millier admitling' the aame sort of 1 ii^u miwrniiig habit, alic waa diaturbed at thl*
•limine worship ihat olbcra Jo, nor iiainif lawa | report, and tent out auch aa abouhl ' hange hi.
like to the lawa of othera: at enmity with thy I garmema; but when he couUI not bn Induced
people, and with all men, both in their iminnera i to put offhia aacke^tb, baciiOae the aair#ccaaioO
• ." .: -..., .. .V . „:.. u. 1 . r... .i,alfor<ed hiin topnl itonhad not vet (jeaaedp
.... .■ _!.. ^githen
„ oriier t*
A befdllra
„. ,„, , „„ Uut'that the king miL-hl not be him, for which he waa in iiiourning. and woo d
dnnimned by the lo»a of the lribul«'a whwli the not put olf-the habit he hud j»it on at her deaire,
Jewa paid bim, Hainan proniiae.d logi.e him out Then did Mordeeai inlorm the eunuch ol the oc-
of hia own eatuto forty thogaind taleuta whenao- caaionof tbia imAniing, and ol the decree whicft
e»er be picuaedi and he aald, he would pay this ' waa aeul I>y Jj^ kiiig Into a|l the country, dud .
•Horodotu4 aaya. that tliia law [nualnat any one'a i Hnm'anwi|relfy htm '««™«'' '"^"'l^"\« !'*^™''°"J?^
comlnr uncalled lo t),e kini-« of Ver,la when lliev *nly tp(iod,aajoi«.pl.ga«enwli«relothlnk.^^^^^
were alttlnR on ilieir llironeaj waafirat enacted l.y Del- : tlie Beplunitlnt 'nie'l-'^'VVi \ 1^ >™„i.i Z ..iZEa
orea [i.e. Ky liiiii win. lirat willi.lrc*v the Medea from I VM. xiii. 11!, r.l. M; "' vUiA\w.' I'* thotyil l>emitMJ»
... .1 1- ■ A -1 ■ !■_ ^ .L...!.. . .. . .. . til i.i ..i u..i ^, i . .i ■ .i i -....j i ^«. . « i. u., f t uf udo i .iiiwn to a n Ama l eyllc, wl i trn na* —
•I.
i.
and nraclicea.' \Now. if ihou wift.bc u be n|Jjj>44jml forced him topnl it on had not vet
tor to thy atibject., Ihou wiltgiVeordertodeatroyafte called the eunuch Acrathi u«, lor lie
Ihem mierlv, and not leave the leait reinaina of prrtent, and acnt him to Mordeeai, in i
them nor preaerve any of them eilliar for alav*a know of hiui what aad accuknt tiai*
pre
or lor raptivea.
theduiulniouolllio.\»i»ytlinii,JUidMi i iael f| l r at r eM i mMl paynoHu r l of ailo i .iiion m a n " "" ".'I '' "- *•" ^ "" '
ovcr1l*ui.l TI'.ua.ul»o.8ay»aiuinheiin,«Ioo.l guard*, tion had la^en audi t'''^\*''>"''''^"^^^,^^"Z[!!^:
With their iixea.aliiml the throne of 'rcnUa.ot TenuUiia, willy devoted to di'siruilioft i.y tJod nimaeir, fcxoii. ivii
thai-the ofleiider might by tliem he puniahcd iiuiiiedi- , M, 13, 1«; a Sam. »v. l^"' *•>«"'" '.'"ii'^Tiili"'""
(tely. j rad, cannot now, 1 doaW, be eeftaluly •iierininai
tWiWiher this adoialiOD lequlied of Mordeeai to j • . ,,
'^/•'
'I
T.
I
Ik* promlM «f iiwiMif wK«r»l»r IUn«n biiujhl
III* iVilrui-U<>n »f tlicir nalinii ll« iilaii lao
biiu • c<>i7 <><' what wu ftrw Uimail •! HliuM*n.
<« ba «arri«il lu Ktlhffi «ihI Ii« rlmrgml h»r lu
{wliimn lh» kiiiR ■tHiitl Ihi* iiialtor, ■lul not lu
limk il • iliahuiMirnlilx ihiiig in h«r *<> p<4l ■"* •'■
kuiiiUlii h*l)il, l»r III* Mhljr u( li«r nalmn, wlKr*-
in ill* nii|hl il«^r«) tl* Iha rum ol' llio J*wi, whA
wi» in iliing»r »( iti Fur Dial llanian, wh<i<«
iliKHiljr Waa ualy in(«riur lu llial ■■! Iha kini, hail
■ciHa*U III* •>•«•. tuU buJ irriuifil ih* kin|
Miinal Ihrin. Wh»ii iIm wa* in<urui»il n( (l>i*>
til* will lu Miirilfii;*! aK"'"' ■•''' >"''l *■"■■ *'**'
tilt waa nut t.ulUil tif llir kiiiK. ami tlial hx tvhii
giifaiu lu him willioul Iwinf lallail, la lulwilaiu,
Mill***, wh«« h* II willing lu ••«• an/ iin*. h«
bnlilt ul|l hia guhlrn M'aplr* lu hint; liul Ihal l<>
nrhumaiHiVAr li« <lu*« ku, allliiiugli II* gu in willl-
•ul litiiig i:all»l, Ihat fwM'in la «> lar I'riiin liring
•lam, llial li*iihi«ln< imiiIimi, anil ii i>nlirt'l)f |<ri ■
t*rv*ii. Muw Niivn lli« *UiUit:h ritrriril thi* mr>-
Mic* rruiii ^:»lli*r lu Munlaiai, li* bwla hint al«i
uir licr ItiKl til* niuti nut uiiljr (iruviil* lur h< r
own. (iraatrvtliun, l)ut fur Ih* cuinmuii |ir«»'rvii-
liun ul' her natliiu,' for ilia) if tlir. nuw iiikIicIviI
ttii> i>|>|wr(iinity, llu'f* nuuld i't-rl*inl)i aruv lirl)i
tu llinn ffuHi (j<mI Hiiiir ollirr way, liiil ill* ami
farr latbfr't hnuM woiil<l li* ilcatriftcd liy thinr
Kriiuni ill* nut* <l««|iia<(l, llul Kdlicr ivnl llio
Utry •am* runuih ba^k to Muriltcai |lu ilrtifn
hiiiljlu gu 10 Shu>)ian,*n<l lugiillirr lli» Jiwallinl
Wer« lliri* (og>'lh«r (u ■ I'ungrrgaliun, ami (o
fcil and aliiitain Iruni all aiirU of (uoti on h*r ar-
coubt, and [10 Icl him kiiuw IlinlJ ili* with her
naiilfna wobid <lo thr •nine ; uiid thru nil* in*!'-
witcd tliBl ilia tvuuld go to lh« king- tliuugl' ■!
w«ra agaiiut lh« law, and- thai if aha luuil diu
Cur il alic would not rrfuna Ik ,
8. Aci:oiilingl>, Mordccai did aa Kithar had
•l^ulnrd liini, and made th* iiropla fatt; aud Im
bcMiutfbl liud,togittli*r with Ihi'in, "iHit lu over-
look liii niiliuu, nartirulaiU a| thit tiim-, wlu'«
il waa gpiug tit be di'atrovisd: but IhnI, a* lie
bad ullen before pruvldad fur iht'iii, and fMrKitt'li
When llify had (ihtird, ai> ha would now duH-er
(hrni •runi that dratrnction Which waa d«uouiir «>d
aguiiial liieiUi for ulthougli it wiia nut ull iHir
Valjoii Ihut had otTiudtd, ytt luiiat lliry ao iiiglu-
riuualy l>« tlain, and that lijr wiia himaxlf t^f uc-
caaion uf tlw wralh of Haaian. Iirrauae (aatd W)
I did nntworahip kini, iiur/could I cudurii to \»y
that hunor to biui whiili/l uacd lu liay to IBM.
O LunI; fof upon that hi* kngrrhathhriontrive^
thia prraant iiiiai'iiirf againat ihuK that huv« not
tranagriaird thy law*. Thi< Mine aupplication*
did the inuhiluile put up; and entreated thuttiud
Wuulil pruvidt'. fur their deliveranci', and fr«-e the
Iiraelitia that were in all the earth iVoni thia <>■-
laiuity ivliich waa no'w coming upou tbiiii, for
thiy had it belort' th^ir eyra, and «>X|iect«d iti
coming. Ac^iiliiigly, f'.ather luadij aupplioa-
lion tu tiodialter the manner of ber country, by
caating herifrif duwo upon the eartk. aud iiuttiiiif
on her inourniug garmtnti, and bid<lih;< (iiri-wt-il
to meat and dtuik, and all ilrlii ucics, l\^r three
ANTIQUITIKH or THE JEWi.^ ^
lh» nn* of wM||;!||p|M^«4 Mfi'b* ah* geiHly
Uaaril uwUi hrTr«l<i th* ollivr lol|>!Hvd »Uar.
and hllriLu^ker larg* IraMi (»hHli aw><|<a>alo«|
th* grouaj,) with th* »»tr*i«lin«'«r*4"f Miufni
ami thua alia cam* to lit* king, hafiiKa bbokinf
rvilnaa* in h»r i'iiunl*nani*, wilITa jilxaaal
agr»*abl*neaa in h*r Iwhatior, )•! <l>'^ aM (O ~
lu to hiiu with f»ar( and aa t<Mii% in ilif Uraa
rum* u»rr acaioal hiui, aa ha waa allling iiH bM
throne. In b'a royal a|i|Mr*l, whirb w.ia a gar-
iiivnl liit»fWo»»n with gidd aiwl piu'l-iia llou»»,
whnh mad* hlui «*ni to bir more tumlib . »a-
liri'iiilly wh»n h* tuaiked at h*r auinrwllat a«-
vrrilv.and with a'tounlenaiic* on kmi With an-
5er, her joinla fuilad h*r iniiii*<liial«ly, but u| Ih*
read aha waa in, and ah* fril down tiih'Wuya !•
a awuuni but lh» king ihangid Im> mliiil, whirb
bupiwrnd, aa I •npi>oa», li> ilie will id lio'l, and
WHai'oni'i'rnfd for liii wile, Irat her ixar aliiiuld
bring aoiuc Vi ry ill tiling UfHin h> r, iind he {raped
fiwiiii ht> thfon* aad Inoli hrr in h« arma, ami re-
covered her, by eiuhrariiiK her. and aitankHrg
comforlitblr lu htr, mid ealiorting h. r to be of
good cheer, and not to aiia|iii I iiny IbinK thai
waa aaiil nn acrouni of hi r ruining I > blUi with-
out III iiig call) H, lircauae thai Uw wannall* fur
aulijrt la, lint that abe, who wua H iV' •'. a» Well
aa he n king, might be enlii.lv aecurei and aa
he aaid thi<,lie put the acr|Hre into hi r baml, unit
laid hia rod upon her nxk. on ucrouiit of tha
i.iw; and ao freed her from ber I'tiir. And afttr
ab« hail recovered heraili by thi »•• em ouraga-
menia, the aaid, "My lord, il ia ii.n eaay l^r me,
on ihe auddau, tu aay wh»l liath hapii.md, fur
ua auon aa I aaw lh<e tu be gfeiii, aiid romely,
mid l«rfi'>U, my apirit departed t'loni me, ami *
bad no ainul lalt in me." And wliih it w»« WU ■
dilliculty, «lld in a low voice, Ibnt nil* vuuld aay
Ihua iitMvh, the king wa. in a grettt agony and
iliaoi'der, aud incuuraged lOalhl'l' !</ be ol guod
cheer, and to i «p<i I bi|lir foitiine, aiuce be Wat
ready, if occuaion aboubl remiin i(, to i^rnnl to
her ih* half of bit kingdi/im. Acconlinifl" . ra-
ther daairi^l thai ha and hi>i> friend iliiiunii viuulil
conic lu Iter to a banuuel, for ah« auid aliv had
preuaretl a aupper forliliu. He con»< iited toil;
andTwlien they were there, aa they wire drink-
ing, he ba'de Katber to " lei hiai know wbnl ah*
deaired: fur that aba ihould not be diaamioiiited,
HikuUgli ibe ►hould deaire the half of Ida king-
dom.'" Bui ahe put off the diacovery of her pe-
tition till the next day, if he would ruiiie again,
tugetber witb Huinnu, to her bulKpiet.
10, Now wbi'U (he king liad iiroiiiiaed aolodn,
Haniau went nwav very glud, because IM alonu
had Ibe honor el tupping with the kinfat Ki-
thar'a banqitM, anil beciiuae no onc'elae (Hu-touk
uf the MMiie honor witli kiiiga but hinuuU; yet
when he aaw Murdecui in the court, he wua very
much diaulaaaed, fur he paid biiii uo iiianiier uf
reaped wlwn he taw hmt. So he went home,
ami called for bit nrife ZerVih, and hia frienila,
and wlieii they were comei be fliowed them ivliat
honor he eiijoyaal, not aiily fioui the king, but
fi'uiu the queen alto, fur aa be aloiie had tbat day
I -'.i^ 1. . „...!.-_...:, I. ,1... 1.:. ... ....«
dayt' time; and ahe entreated ikni to |]#ve nier- «up(*d with her, together with the king, ao waa
ej upon her, and make her worda upjictr -ueraua- | he ulao invjled again for the next «luy ; yet, taid
tlve to Ibe king, and Bander her count«nnjicc he, A l^ut pleated to aee Mordecai the Jew in
more lieauiiful timn il Mia before, that both by ' thfe cibrt. Henuuijn Ida Wile Zereah adviaed
her wordt and beuiilv ah* might iWtcced. fur the J hliB to give order that a Rallowt ahould be iiiuda
averting of the kin'g'a aoget, in ca«c he were | fifir«Tubitt high, and lliiit in Kie morning he
at all irritated agaluat her, and fur (be conao- I aho^ld Ak it ol tha kingvthiil Mordecd uiigbt be
lation of Ihota ol her own country, now tiiey | hanged thereon. So he commended h«r advice.
were in the utiuual dancer of peri^ni;; at also, I and gave order to hia tervantatu pn'pnre Ibe gal-
that be would excite a hatred in the king againat j Iowa, and lo ulace it in the court, for the puiijab-
the enemiea of the Jewi, and (bote Mlat had con- nient of MorUeciii thereon, which wat according-
Irived tlieir future dealruMiun. if th<r proved lo i ly prepared. But (iod laughed to aiorn the
be contenmi'd by him. ~~~~ wicked expectations of Hainan; and aa he knew
9. When VM\i*T had nted tWa aupplication for what the event would be, waa delighted at it, for
Ibree daya the put off thotc gBrnieiita, clianged Ihat night he took nwny the king's aleep; and a*
bar babit, and adorned heraelf at became a the king wat not willing |o loae the time of Jiia
queen, and look two of her buidmaidt with her, | lying awaiu!, but to apcud it in tomctbiDC (bM
.V ^■■' »■ .-^
\
• iIm JMMlt
ha Uliialiing
fm jilrMnal
11)4 ilif g« ' *■
> a* |li^ «M
tiling wH bM
■ n.i» >KW-
I't.llll tiDIWt,
turiilili, «>• "
■•niwllal M*
Am «riih ■••
ly, bill u| lK«
I »ill«Mtt)< It
iiiiiiil, Mhlrb
I III lillll, dud
r i'onr •liiiulil
iiiil lio lra|i«il
iirm*,*n«l r«»
mill •{(•nklMr
hi r ti> li« of
I) lliiiiK tliil
I > IlilH Willi'
Mii»|tiiillii iur
IM'I II, M <*»ll
•I'lim anil *•
III I' liauil.iinit
ruuiK of (ho
ir. AihI ifttr
II rnrouriiKa-
it raiy I'l^r iiic,
liu|iiiiiiii(, (or
, uiil roiiirly.
nil iMr, tn>t ^
l< il wii« wi| '
•ll* vuulil luy
ut agony auii
|» b« III k(i<h1
, Murr ill! wat
il, to Kriint ti>
curilinitli . K"
lliiiiinii iiuukl
•uiil aliti (lail
fi»i iili'il l<> it;
^ wira ilrink-
,ii<>w wUnt (h*
(tiniimioiiilMl,
r i>r lii» liiii^*
nry ol' linr !»-
J ruiiie aKMO,
iot.
iiiinctl iO'tn dn,
aUae ha atonu
lie kiuf «t Ka-
i"t[ie imi-touk
it hinuutf; jet
i, liv wua very
uo iiiaiih<^r o(
IV went Ikiiiip,
III hit frirniU,
nrd ibi'iu niiat
tlic kin|^, but
10 hail tliat (lay
11 kiug, >u Miaa
ilu^; )Ct, tliil
icai Alt -lew in
Ifrviih ailviaed
Ituulil b« iiiuUu
r. iiiqrnin!^ he
(It'Ciil uiiglit hx
led h«r advice,
in'piirc llir lal-
for tli€ (junjiih-
wa> according-
1 to M'orn thr
BOOK x!,^-cnAr Vf.
111(1 u he kii«w
i);lil<'d at it, for
a nltep; and at
thv tliueor bii
iametbiii( (bM
*llii b* nf adiiaMaff* tit kla ki«Hilimi, hr-oml
Niird III .. rilw III lirlai hmi lli» . hnmi' l"« <>'
ih* f..rii.i » kiiig'. »«■' «••♦ i'»''ofit» "' h" «*■> "' ■ ,
li.Mi< aiil >«h.» hi-had l.roii«tH lh»m miil *»•]
«mHii.rl.i.m, ■.•!•• HraaloMli-M.. Imi>» »•■"••"• •
roMiiiri oil «i>>.iii>» "f liUuf'M'il' imiiiaiii iii»i"
an » < ifl'"" IK I """"t «»'' «'" •"""• "' "'• *?""■
I,, w « 'lo"ni aiMilh.r niM f"imd "> ""J*
hml A |i»< •• nt Hwlw him «« »■ roiml of hi. i<l»l»-
It I thru ihf Miiil" ••""■ '" Hn'hau »i>d l»r»..li,
liMi»Mnii. h. Ilialdail iiumIi' a«oii.|"'«'y »«"•"••
Ihti kiMK, whi- h iM""l " *'i'd ill" '••"•"I. »""
»h< n 111" •<•"'» •""' '"» '"""' '•"• "'"'• *" ""!
iiiilL oil l> uilwllirr hl.li(l>, Iha kiHK •timpiJ
lilii. ami ii.i|Utri-l, "Whilliif It H« li"» a.l.lr.
HU .^lonlMii Imil a rr«iinl Rivm himr atil
rhtii tm <.iid thrir »*it« no tiirh a lilllioii, hi- ImicI»
IMiaUNVi oir, 1 11.111" imjiiifi'd ol thon' llial »»•"'
\ wS'iniid lii-lliil i»ir|t.i«,what hmirrtl'lhf »iK»»
\ \^»*l nnd Hhrn hi «*»• lal iniii-d H'f* i« wa« al-
Ft» duTi h'-irn*- ♦►«(«*, iha! U' they lialiul iiiui i
our ;,l huliiiii.l""l"»'ly<"Mi',<'n'' •"""'"'If''"- i
Cora iliii loiiri. Ili.'y •Wold lilthMii. Aiiwii h«|.- I
wiii.l ihi.l ilioomi »i«« loiiiitl thi ri, lor hi- »ii« ]
ey,m mi.of I Ih III or Uiiiry to pi lili .ii lliu hinn lo
ka** Moid'iai pot todiiithi and whiii llo' « r-
tanlKiod, lli'it ll'mian wan b.l >"• lli« "I'lirl. '"I
bailv llwii lull hiui iiii mid wNm hi' y\»> I'lim
In 111- «aii'.-"tli" oil I know Ih.il llioii art ni.v ^
imlv li.llriiiiil, I Imlri' till .• m Kivr mr mtm i ,
how I imi\ liooi^r oMf that I ftrwiily loVr, 'wi;l .
thai afti I H inaniiir «Mil«IUr to my iiin(inllli»iiii'.
N,»v llmiMii rmwuiid Willi' li|ii'«< U. that wlml |
•.pinion hr .hmil.l nlv* would In- lor liim.rif,,
tliiCi' It waa hi' nlmw. who wua hiloml o> tH'
kiiilc; «olti'fi»r i!l«» ailvici! whii-h h* llioniili*
of all olhin Pi.^ Ii».t : for hr mid, •• W'-'"Jl'Wk.
rat Irillv honor n iimn whoni ihoF"^*"* WW"
diiil lo»i , nil"' oriUr Unit h.' may lidr on >iuin.. -
bark, wilH On •imm (tariiiriit on wlii' '' «*••"
ttcari"!, iind Willi a «m I rhniii ahoiil I'., w. it.
and Ur.iiii' ol' iliv Inlnnalr frii'iiiUKoiii-l r. imo,
Mid proi l.uin lli|'."iu«;h lh« whok nly, *\tii\ who-
locvir llu' kiiiji; I. .noriflh, ohlaimlh »lii» nmrk
of hiahonii." "rhi. waH ilm adviir tiliiih f la-
man en <•, out ol mnppo»iil Ihat «ilrh » n ivnrd
would ro.nr to liliimU. Ill rtupofl Ibr kiif/ wii»
BiraM-il «ltli ill" iii'vici'. auil "iid, ••<lo Ihoil,
ibrrrlorr, r,ir Ihon ha.t Oir Low-, Ihr pirininl,
•nd ill* c'lipn, ii»k for .Mordii'ni Ihe Jr*, ami
■i«r hiin i!io«r tliinij", niid |ti. hrfiirr hl» lii>r«i ■
ami proti oin i/iionllnnW. fo- Ihou iirl ("iiid l|r)
ny tn(<<o»><- fri"*'. and'liaal gmn inr (rood nd-
Tier; b« thou Ihi-ii llii' iiiininli-rwrwliil 11'"" "n»l
ad«i« d mil to do. 'rhi« •liall l»r )ii< riwaf.l Ironi
■i, forprex rvinj; my lilV" Whi n hi' hi Mr.l lliU
onirr, whirli wii»intir<l» nnriiwlro, I"* »"»
eonloundud I'lliii ininil,ftMil kiH« niHwhal to do
llowevf r, li« went oiiH' utd l»4>thr hnne, imil
.look Ihe po.-,.li- Kiirme«(« 'and \he )(o|d> n ili 'in
fer ihr n«k, and fiiiWiTg Mor.lrral biforr Hiii ,
court, idothtd in xnckrlolh, hr liBdahiin put ihiil
garmint oft', uint pot tin' (iflrpli- K^ir"'" "I o|i: linl
Mill' iiriii, mil lnia,winR tV Irulh of tlir mull- r,
but thinking lli^il " ••»» *>"" '" iiio<"l""f). ""''•■
"O Ihou wrilith, the vilcut of all nwnkiml, dont
thou thuK 11111(5*1 nt our cidiimirH'* I" lint whin
be w)i> ailtialiril tli-l tlir king brstowi'd thr« liij-
■or iiiHiii Idiii, lor Ihr delivrmncp hr hiid pro-
euri-d liini, lytirii hr convicled Ihe runui-ha who,
had ('<Miii|arr') aunhiil him, hr put on thut piirpli'
nrinint which tlir king alwiyt worr. ami put
thi' rliitin 111' Hit liii iii'ck, and ((Ol oh huracbni'.k,
•nd WKllI I'.ii'iid II v lily, whilr ll!im.iA wrnt lit-
fefi', »nd ir.iil^iiiiK'd, "Tliia ahall bu tbr rrwiird
wbiib thli kinx Hill '»<•'•'>»» i-nrviry onr whom
fcrlov.n, ami i .tnniii worthy of lioiior." And
II. Hi>« whilr lN»»» itira mtt* Iha* iaiklag
onr t« aaoi r, ».-th*» • aMnii. ha ha«l. n#d »m
,ii,in away l • i umi '<» •upP* ' ' ''"' ""' "' '*"■ *"■
HiH-h". named Xahu^hail*., >aw lli» (|.dl.>«i thai
Hia h»»il in IUim«b'« hoiiw, anl Inipilrnl nl o»«
I nr hia •• r»«Ml>. I"* whnl >Kir|».« Ih'y h*l pra^
Mird II ' So hr kiM w ihal il w«« ftir ihr ipn • « •
! Imrli', h^-riiuw Hainan w*. aiioiil In |i< lllioii iha
I |||„K that hr nii||ht lir pnnl«hri!, tint at (irrarwl
I hr h»hl h« piiiir N'lW wliiM On kili|(, wllh
' llaman, w>r» al Ihr bampnl, hr ili'.ind \lh«
i onrin III III! him whal Kill •lirilmrid lo oliliil*.
' anil aworrd hrr Ihal .hr..h.iid.| hiv. Hh.l'.o i*#r
I .hr haira nnnil lo. Shr ihrnjaiiirnlid th» ili'h-
arr htr iwoplr wrra ini and taid, lhiil.">>lii iinrt
hrr nalion wrrr ijHii* up lo Im dr.lroyr.l. »Md
' llial "hr. "" Ihal ai I'ounl. niailr ihia hrr |»lilioat
' ihni .hr would mil hiivr Iroublrd hiiu II hi Im"
lonlviurn iinirr Ihat" tin j .hindd lir iioM iiiW
1 hlliirwr»iliiilr, for iuih a niKlortnni' wonlil not
' ha«r brail InloliniliU-j bnl «hr ilr.icid Ihut llirJT
imxlil ill' ilrliirrnl rroni tmli d. «riirtion." Aiwt^
I wfrni thi kin« impilrrd nl hrr who wan llir aif
Ihoi of Ihia niiwry lolhrnil .hr Ihcn o|Mnly a«.
ni.< d llaltmn, and ri»ii»li Ird liini, Ihat hr hall
li. in Ihr wiiUd innlruminl ol ihii. aiKl hurt
l.rnlril ihn pi pain.l «hi in >\ bin Ihr kinf
n»» bin upon |ii di.ordirr, and ww |i"iii haaliiy
out of Ihr bunpii I iilM <hr naHi iV., llaiiMin »••
•ran to iiilrrinlrwilh K-allirf. ami lo U'wnli lier
lo forifi** hiOb at «»i what In- ha.l ollriulM, for
hr ii^iiiiilllM '■" **"* '" * *'<''' ''"**>
AnwflRnw'l Mffrn ii|Hill Ihr ipirrn'. bnl, aliil
w^nSbng aintdiration to h«i. llir kinK lauie
i», imt bi ilia .till, morr proiokrd at what h«
,a>» "O Ihou wrilih, {.iiid hi') Ihou vdi.l ol nl
mrw%i*l. diM thou aim to lord my Wlh I' AnU
I whr. n Kaman ww" amom.hrd »t thi«. ami not
laliil,' lo'ixak onr word iniri. S«liuiliailii« Iha
I ,„,iii<'h fiinir il nl ar.n.nl llamaiii imd aniU.
in fount UK'"""'* "' '''' '"""•' l"''T'*^'' '"I
Monlrriii, loi lliul ihr >• rv.int lolil hiniiio IHinh
*hen tlil'Y had K'"' ' ' """' * *'" "">' ''i'"''' * ':"' '. "' '" ' .
iVIonirriii, nil iioii "ir ", r,.,,, ""^ ||
niiuH hi- "iVmuii 1 . whrii hi Wii« m nl lo hliil to c'»ll
him I.I .iiriip'''-" "•■ ■•'■' f""*""' " ' "" L
tt.ll.iw. wii/lill) iid.il. I i|(li." Which whrii the
kill" hrnr.l, hr ib li rniini d ihnl llum.Mi »l»«iili1
hr iHininhril alli r n.i olln-r uiunh. r lh»n thnt
whM-h'hiid bun diiio'd by him »|{«in«t MonJe-
ini nadir ({»»'■ ordrr iiiinii'iliali ly Ihut lir •'[^™
I.I' hunit npoM ihaHjalhnvi, iin.l lir pi.l I'" <«Nllh
iifirr llml miil»mr. Ami frohi hnirrj I'minot
l.rlnar lo mlmink doiU md to barn hrmr liia
wiKiloni and hi. jii.lirr, not only in pum«hiii({ U.«
wirkidm •• of llnmim. but in .o dmpo.mij il, «nnt
III .iiiioM unilrrKt> ihe very "niiH! puiii«li«ii<-nt
which he hKil ronlrivnl for luiolhvr; m nl«>, le-
.iiiiai he Ihirrby linchrii oilii rn llii« ItMou, that
wl.nt mischirf. any "n< prrparr. ii^iiin'.t oiiolhrr,
111', withoullnowfngol it,lirit lontrivi.Jliaguiiint
IdiiiM l(. ..,.1.1
12 Whrrrforr llaini n, who hud immoilrralf Ijr
abuaed ilUe honor hr hud from llic kiiiK, wn» <l*-
l|.ln.y«i»Wtrr thi. innnn.r, (1...I ihr k.mc «'•«"•'•<»
hi. eatalr to the qunn. lir nlao inll'il 'or
•Mo^lrclli, (f.rr VMher h nl Infoiim d bim llial nhe
wa. uhin lo hiin,) und Riv.' lli»« linK b' Mor','*-
cid, wliirh he h*d before KIM u »o lliiiiidii. 1 h«
riiirrn also itnvc lliiniiiiri'" >-»iilr lo Morib (Ml,
nnd rrayril the kiiiR lo dtl.nr Ihi- ii'd'on ol
the- Jiw. iTom Ihe fmrof iiealh, iiml -hownl
hlni what had birn wrilli » ovil- all the loiinlry
bv H,»ni:«n the mn of AiiiiiH-lulhii: for Unit If
her country wrrr d.«tri.yi.!;«ml lurrounlrjfini'n
wrrr lo prii.li, .hr coidd n<'» hrar to luc hrrxeir
«nv lonerr. So Ihr kint i-ioiiiitrd hrr. that ha
wo'uld not do anv thiii'A lioil»''ould be di«|trrr%
tdr I., In r. nor loniM.li. I what ibi . Inirrd. l>m
li.r 11 rile wliHt »hc iilin.fd about tha
111
„.,, . _ nnd It wim hit
I n lo "II Ilia kinjsdoiii, for that
-anrin'l.'^ li.r'kinK,' liutliaman w«iiVhoni.-. out Jrw^^ iu lli« \'"}<f'* "■',''";•."".'
:?--.^ -"^-'<" '!'V"l<^- .T'. f--^ ^f , ?*^'- ';:,r^:!. 1" X!^^ -hn^ .u,hori,y i. .e.
:^',M;r.' '.lirwool/il.'; b. 'aVl/to ., ...'rurrdK, haniiK .^.,k..iK....I_.. th«n._wi,„M
vaogni 01 MniducJi. for (liat «>ail vim nilh biui
nowa^jiilra In t w''.*' «">» wn"*" ihereln-
1
r
V
232
ANTIQUITIES OF THfi JEWS.
ka conimMded tli* kiny'l icribet to be wnt fqr,
■od to writs to the nktloiu pn thti Jrwt' behalf,
and (o hU licutrmuli rikI goveruors, that were
o*«r bit hundred Iwenlj and utcd provincei,
from India to Kthiopia. Now the contents ortliia
•piltle weru the<e: "Th* great king Artax-
•neit to our tulert,* and those that are our
faitbrul •ubji'cti, tcndeth greeting: Many men
there are, who, on account of tbc greatncM of the'
benefiti beMbwed on them, aoci becaura of the
honor which th«jr have obtained' from the won-
derful kind treatment o( thoie that bestowed iti
ft not only injurious to their inferiors, but do
not scruple to do «vil to those that have been
their brnefacton, as if they would take away
gratitude from among men, and by their insolent
abus6 of such benents as they never expected,
they turn the abundance they liave ogainst tht>te
that are the authors of it, and suppote they shall
lie concealed from God in that case, and avoid
that vengeance which comes from him. Some
of these men, when they have had the manage-
llient of aflairs conunitttd to them by their
; friends, and bearingj private malice of their own
Ngainst sonic otherk, bv deceiving those that
have the power, ptmuaae them to be angry at
luch as have done litem no hnrui, till they are iu
danger of periahing, and this by lying' accusa-
tions and ralulimies; nor is this stale ol tliiiiKs to
be discovered bv ancient exaiiipUs, Mr such us
we have learned by report only;, but by some
examples of jiuch impudent atlenlpU under our
own eyes, so that ii is not fit to attend any longer
to calumnies and accusations, iiur to ihe'petvua-
^iions of others, but to detcrmiue what any one
J kuons of himself to have been reallv done, and
to punish what justly deserves it, aiid to grant
favors to such as nre innocent. This hath liien
the Case of Human, tlie sun of Amniedulha, by
Ihirth an Anialckitc, and alirii. from the blood of
the Persians, ivho, when he was hospitablv en-
tertained by us, and parl9gk 'of that kiiidncss
which ive bear to all men, 10 so great a degree
■t to be railed uiy father, and to b<5 all along
worshipped, and- to have honor paid him by ufl
in the secojid rank after tlie roylil honor- due
to ourselves, he coiild not bear Ids eood fortune,
nor govern th<^ magnitude of his' proMierily
with sound reason; nay, he made a ccinspirucy
agaiiust me and iny life, who save him his autho-
rity, by eudeavoiiiig to take away Alordecai,
my benefactor, and my siiviour, and by barely
ae»d treacherously requiring tu IWve Esther, the
partner of iny lite, and of my iloiiiiniou, brouglil
to destruction: for he contrived by this iiieaus
to deprive me of my faithful friends,! and trans-
fer the government to others: but biiire I per-
ceived that tlirse Jews, that were by'this perui-
Cious fellow devoled to i destruction, were not
wicked ineOiA^t conducted tlieir lives after tlie
best manne^snd were men deuicatcd to the
worship of tnat God who hnth preserved tlie
■ingdoin to me and to my ancestors, i ' do not
only free them from the punishineut^ which tliti
former epislle, which was sent ^y Haman, or-
dered to be inflicted on them,/ to which if voii
refuse obedience, Voo shall do well, bilt 1 will
that they hay; all honor paid to them. Ac-
cordingly, I have hanged up the man that cou-
'fi'lie true rrifson why kins Ariaterxeidid not here
preiierly revoke his former li:<rbaraua decree for the
anivcrK:il sluiijihleror the Jews, lint only enipawpreil
and eiicour«i!ea the J«wato ligM tbr tlieir lives, and to
kill thi-lr ■fnciuics if I .ey atleiiipted tl'eir distruitiu-i,
■nnns to linve • eon tliat old.lnworil<a Blc'Jrsand I'er-
nans, not yet liiid n«i<lc, lliai whnlcver (Ip'-rfo wos
•Ignc.l toili ly tlic kill'; I'l.d hi» lords, rvuld aol te
thdnged, liiit rcniiriiied Uniilleruble, Dnii. vi. 7, C, 9; ic,
15, 17: Ksl ii. Mi.andviii.b. Am; llniii:fi, liavlnieii-
gros^pil I. e royal favor, midht perT-i-pi li:ivo i.ii.im'lf
riniicd f is ilerr«e for the Jews' sl.iiigU'i r. 'ns'iail of
trived such things against them, with hit family,
be ore the ^aU'a of Nhushsii, that punishment
beiig sent upon him by God, who seeth all
things. And I give you. in charge, . that you
publicly pronose a copy of this epistle through
all my kingifom, thai the Jews may be |)ermitted
peaceably to use their own laws, and that you
assist them; that at the iiame season whireto
their nitscrable estate did belong, Ihey may de-
fend themjelves the very saiiic dny from unjust
violence, the thirteenth dav of the twelfth moiith,
which is Adar, for God baili niade that day a day
of salvation- instead of a day of destruction to
them; and may it be a good day to those that
wish us well, and a memorial of the punishment
01 tiie conspirators against us: and 1 will that
you take notice, that every city, and every na-
tion, that sliull disobey any thing that is con-
tained in this epistle, shall be destroyed by fire
and sword. However, let this epistle be pub-
lished through all the country that is under oar
obedience, and lit all the Jews by all m^ans bf
ready against the day before nuiitioned, that
they rfiuy avenge themselves upon tfacir ene-
mies."
•13. Accordingly the horsemen who carried th«-
cpisllcs, proceeded on the wuvs wliich Ihey wer«
to go with speed: but as for Mordecai, as soon as
he had assumed the royal garment, and the
ycrUflvn.of gold, and hud put the chain about hii
neck, he went forth in a public procession; and
wlien the Jews who were sit Sliushan, saw him in
so great honor with the king, lliev ihouglit his
g<H>d . fortune was common to tlie'mselves also;
anil- Joy and a beam of salvation encompassed
t|^ Jt^ws, both those Ihitt were in the cities, and
those that were in the countries, iipon the publi-
cation of the king's lettirs, uijoniuch, that many
even of other nations circumcised their foreskin
for fear of thr. J< ws, tl>at Ihey might procure
sulVly to themselves thereby; 'for on tl|e thir-
lei'nll) day-uf the twelltli month, which accdrd-
iiig lo Ihe lltlirHvs is cullid Adar, but at'cording
to the i\luced»iiiaiis, Dystros, those that carried
the kiilg's epislle gave thini notice, that the
same Jay wherein their danger whs to hiivebeen,
oil that very day should they destroy tli«ir ene-
mies. Hnt now the rulers oV the provinces! and
the tyrants, and the kings, and the scribes, had
Ihe Jews in esteem; for the f«iir they were in ot
Mordecai .forced them tp act with tlitcretioa.
Kow wiien ll,e royal ikcree was come to idl the '
country tliut »vai siil^cct to t1le king, it fell out
that the Jews at Shushau^slewxfive, hundred of
tliejr enemies: and when the kiiig had told Es-
ther the number of those that were slain in that
city, but did not well know what had been don*
in the provinces, he uskrd her, whether she
would liave any thing farther done against them'?
for that it shouhl be done accordingly: upon
which she desired that the Jews niig'it be per-
niiltcd to treat their reiuaining cneiiiie^ in the
samc^inanhtr' the next day; as also that they
might hang the ten suns of llaiiHiii upon the gal-
lons. So tlie king permitted the Jews so to do,
as desirous not to contradict Esther. . So they
gathered themselves together again on the four-
tccnthiday ufihe mont'i Dystrus, and slew abonil'
three humired ol their eucuiits, buj. touchea'
suspected a deeper dcsien In Haman timn openly ap-
peared, vij!. tl>atkiiowiii|!tlic JcwnwouM be faitMUllo
liiin, anJtIiat he rnnid never trnnstert lie crown lolila
Qwn fi.niily, wlio was an .^unsitc, Esih. iii. I, I'l, or of
tl.cpoiiterity 6fA;;i,f, tl eo:.l l<iiii'ori; c .tiijalfUliis, I '
Hatu. XV. (». :i-.', S:i, wl.ile 11 ey were iilive, and spread
overalMus dominions, hcilrciel'orr. endeavored to de-
stroy llH>iu. Nonsii tome iaiproti:ilii<'. ti at tliose l5,f00
of llic Jewii' eiiviiiiCM vi I idi uerp noon destroyed l>jr
the Jews, on tlie iieni:isFian oftl 1: ki.ir, wijrii must >«
O" Ki>iiie.;rtat o<ri,«i,iii, ncre .AiiuHtliitfs.tleir old and
leri;d't»ry nn"n,li .^. i:iimI. »vij. n, 1.1, ii»d that tjiershy
r^
'>
T-'. : •• ■—•.-- ■"■ ".» — nn „ B' ■ '1 "I" ■■nil ui I . ■ ,..., ,. „ ill.. ■i.»ir.iT.
tfteanriPi' l.>rds,iiiid ao nii;>lil i,.vc rcidircdn |.) ' W.h fii'l.il.d Hi'aam's iimiii ery,"AiiiaIek «a« liii
tUei. .full 8 urcvornMe. r'lrst of the iiaiiom tut Lis t I'er end fliad I*, that lie
♦ Tlieso worda give an biliiuatton OJ If Arlaicne*! perish for ever." NumL xii\ . 1.1). ,
itl> hii family,
( imnithnioot
•ho tcelh oil
(C. . that you
little through
b« |)«rmitte<.l
aad that you
MOn whf r«to
they may «le-
' I'rom uiijuit
wt'lfth month,
hat day a day
l«iilructiuii to
to thnae that
le puninhnirnt
d 1 will that
lod every na-
; that it I'on-
iroyed by firf
little be |)ub-
ii under oar
all pi^ns b«
iitianed, that
>n tfacir «ne-
ho carried the~
lich they wer«r
cai, aa tpon aa
eiit, and the ,
lain about his
orettiou; and
in, taw hiju iii
y thou|i;lit hia
•nii«lv<?a alio;
eocnni|mtacd
the citieii, and
p'ln the pulili-
c'h, that many
their foretkin
light procure
on the thir-
■vhirh rtctdni-
but Hccortliiic
I that carried
lice, Ihul the
I to hiivc been,
roy tli*ir cne-
iruvinceti and
I! scribtt, had
ley wire in ot
th UiicretioB.
unie to iill t^ '
ng, il lull out
e, hundred of
had told Es-
e sliiin in that
lad been don*
whether the
igiiiiist Ihrni'?
rilin»lv: upon
ilg'it be per-
leiiiieK in the
ilso that they
upon the guh
h'wt so to do,
her. . So they
I on the four-
nd (lew abott^
bull toucheiT'
lian openly ap-
I'll be Alii:. All to
lie crown lo lita
I. iii.1,l'i, orof
p Aiijnlfl'iliis, 1
ive, nnd apicad
ilcnvorcrt loilc-
I at lliu.se :3,i'U0
n iksiroyed ttjr
, wiiirh muttia
'ii.tl'pir olil anii
m l ili a t t lit r y hy
BOOK XI,-CHAP. Vn. VIII.
r^
MtdinK of what richei they had. iVow (here
wa* alala by the Jew* that were in the country,
a*d la the other cities, seventy-five thousand
of their . enemif*. and those were slain on th«
thirteenth day of the pionth, and the neit day
they kept as a festival. In like manner the Jews
that were in Shiiihaa gathcrid themselves to-
Sther, aail feasted on the fuurteenlh- day and
■t which followed it; whence it 'it, that even
•dw all the Jews tHVl arc in the habitable earth
keep these davs festival, and t^nd portiont to
oae another. Mordecai alto wrote to thote Jews
that livfd in the kini^dom of Artaxcrxcs to ob-
aerfe these days, anapclebrale them as frttivalt,
and to deliver them dowu to posterity, that this
festival niieht couliaue for all time tp come, and
that It might never be buried innblivion, forsince
they were about to be destroyed on these days
by Maman, they would do n rieht tliiii);, upon
escaping the danger in them, anifon them inllict-
>^ing punishments on their enemies, to observe
^ thoie dayt, and give thankt to Ua<l on them: for
which caute the Jews still keep the furcmciiti<m-
— : ad days, and call thein days of Churini [or I'u-
rim.*] And Mordecai became a great and illus-
trious person with the king, and assisted him in
the government of the people. Ife also lived
with the aueen ; so that the aflairs /of the Jews
were by tntir means lM:tter than thr^- cuuld ever
have hoped for. And this was, the slate of the
Jaws under the reign of Artaxcrxes.f
CHAP. VH. ^
How John $Ua hu Urothtr Jtwt in the Temple;
and how Uagoiti offered vutny Injuries to the
Jtwti and what SanbaUat did.
} I. When Cliashib the high priest viw dead,
iiis son Judas succeeded in the hi^h priesUiood:
and when he was dead, his son Xohii took that
dignity; on whose account it whs also that Ha-
goset,' the general of Hunthcr Artaxcrxts's nrmy.t
polluted the temple, and iiuposeil Iributps on IJM
Jews, that out oi the public stock, biftin: tliey iii-
fered the daily tacrilices, they sliould p.iy for
^very lamb filty shvkelt. Now Jesua wiis the
brother of John, and wot a friend of Kagoses,
who had promised to procure him the hii>;li
priesthood. In confidence of whote mipixirt, jl"
•us quarrelled with John in the temple, and so
\^ provoked his brother, that in lii« an|;pr hit
'. Brother slew him. Now it was a horrible thing
for John, when h/! was high prictt, to prrprtrate
«d great a crime; and so much the more horri-
ble, that there never was to cruel and impious a
thing done nf4thcr by the (irerks nor barbarians.
However, God did not neglect its puiiishiiKnt,
but the people were un that vrry liccoiiut en-
. tiaveill.juid tlie tciniinle was (KiNuli'd by the Per-
"~^ aians. Now when Uagutes, the general of Ar-
taxerxes's army, knew that John,,the high priest
of the Jews, had sluin his own brother Jrtu' in
• Take here part of Relanit's "olo on this ilinpuled
passage: " In Ju««plius's ropies tliP!ic llelirew ,\vurc)s,
4*1$ ofPurim,ot Lata, n» in llio (Jrpck copirs of E»-
. tlipr,rh.it.^,2i*r-.;S,isrcail>fav>'/''*i<''r>s,ocrfiiyto/
. /■rartrriM, hutouxhl to le rend if<ijr« o/'>>iirjj|i,as ill
the lielirrw;thaiiwliirli emcnilntioii.anys li«,.iialhing
> teniorcccituin." \i«l had we any iiiwuriinrc that Jo-
■ep'iiis's copy uienliaiicd llie tinting of lalt, ns out
other roiiics do, Esth.tiL 7,1 t'loiild fully H||ree with
Reland, hilt as it now slanikj il seems to me to be by no
niearta certain. • fi'^'-
t As 10 this whole hook of MRf r in the preient Ilc-
l^rew copy, it is to very iiii|ienRl,'in n rane where llie
providcme oftiod wnt so very renniVkahle, and the Rep-
\ MIirHi! and Jotcphns i.;ivp m irtufli of re ieion, lluit it
, has not to iiiiich ^a the iiauio urcod oiirc in it; and it
is hard to ttiy who made that cpiioi.ic 'whir.li the Ma-
sorites have L'iven ut lor tliK cenninr liook itRSlf, no
rcllzlous Jews rould well lie Ihi' nuthorsof it, whotc
•dui'alinn o' li;.'cd tlieni to lii.vo n rnnstani regard to
flOil. and whatsoever rel.tpd to his wo-nliip ; nordft wo
the temple, he canrc upon the Jeivt immediately,
and began in anger to say to them, "llavayba
had th* impudence to perpetrate a murder ia
your temple i" And as he was aiming to cu into
the temple, they forbade him su tu du; out h«
said to them, " Am not I purer than he ihal waa
slain^in the tem|ile?" And when he had said
these wonis, he went into the ttinple. Accord-
ingly, tiazoses made usa of this pretence, and
punished llie Jews jieven years fur the uiurder of
Jesus.
2, Now when John had departed this life, hit
son Jaddua succeeded in the high priesthood.
He had a brother, whose name was Munntiel..
Now there was one Ranballat, who was sent by
Darius, the last king [of i'ertiaT into Suuiaria.
He was a Cuthean by birth; of which stock were
the Samaritans also. This man knew that the
city Jerusalem was a famous city, and that their
kings had given a great deal of trouble lo the
Assyrians, and the people of Ca'losyria; so that
ho willingly gave hit dauirhler, whose name was
Nicasn, in marriage to Maiisiaseh, us tliinkin|E
this alliance by marriage would be a iiledge ana-
security that the nation of the, Jtwt tliould cu.n-
tinue their good-will tu him;
• , CHAP. vni. *
Coneeming Sanhaltal and Manasseh, and the
Temple which they hiiilt on Mount Oerittim; "
' lu tnio how Jllexandet moide his Entry into the
Villi Jerusalemi and what Hentfita he bettowiA
on the Jews.
} I. AlioUT this time it w.is (hat Philip, king
of Macedon, was treiichert^utly utsaulted and
slain at Kgea by Pausanias-, the son of Orastet,
who was derive'd from the Aituiiy of OrritaD, and
hit,snn Alexander succiedril hiiu in the kingdom ;
who, pasting over, the Hellespont, oven:ainp the
grnrrah of Durius's armv rn a battle fought at
lirtiniciim. So he marched over Lydin, and
subduetl loniu, and overran Caria, and fell u|Hin
the places of Paniphylia, at hat becu related
elsewher*'.
'2. Hut the riders of Jerusalem bring very uiiea-
sv that the brother of Juddua the nigh [irirst,
tliough married lo a foreigner, should be a part-
ner with him iii tlie high Kie.Hlhood, quarrrlled
with him; fiir thry rstrrnirTi this luah's marriage
a strn lo such assliouhl be desirous of transgrmt-
iilg about the marriage of [ttraiigrj wives, and
that this woiild be the brginniur of ii mutual to-
riety with liirci^nrrs, although the olTence of
some about iiiarriagrS, and their having married
wives that were' nut of their own country, had
brrn an occation of their former captivity, uiid
of the mis«friet. they then underwent; to tliey
commanded Manasseh tu divorce his wife,, nr not
r^> approach the altar, the high prirtt hinisrlf
jjining with tlie people hi l.ieir indignation
against hit brother, and driving him away fruui
t Conrcrains this other Arlnzcrxni, railed JVatmaa,
and the I'prtian alP.ii-lion and rapiivlty-of tlin Jiwa
under Idin, ocrasioned by the iiii/rdcr of t* e high
priest's brother in the holy lionte iltrlf, wre Autheiit ~
Iter, at larRp, pace JO. And if any wonder why Jote-
phiis wliolly omits llie rest oftlip koiss of Persia ntltr
ArtaXPrXPtiMnpnioii, till hecaniptothrir last kiiip ha
rhis, tvliu was eonqiicrcd by Alpxa«i!cr llie (irpi:!, I
tlinll iive tlieni VutMias's anil If. iliidseirs <ititnrr,
thoiifh in my own words, vir.. tlial Jnteplius did not
do ill in oniiitiiig those kiniis of Pcroia with whom the
JeVrs had nu ronrern, I'Ci'nnn- ho w«s eivini the liislo-
ry of l>'e Jpwh, nnd not of llie Persians (wlilrh is a siif-
flrieiitrcnsonn'towhy he entlrply oinittrd tin- history
And tlieliookofJoV, asiint parlirularly relatins to that '
nalioii.] llcjUsIlytlicrPforp irliirna >alhe Ji-tvish af-
fairsallprtlip death of lrf)iio;iinaiiiis, wi>i on: any men-
tion of Darius II. Ar/ors Art'xertos Mncinon. or ol
Orhut, or Arosus, ns the raiion of I'toleniy iiawta
them itfltr him. Nor had he pra'<alily iiipntioiipil tliia
Bttir Artaserses, iiiilftsltntnsi'S^nnrnf iheanvcrmira
-V
nairk n iiit the
iliail lie, that hg
kaow tliat tl*ere ever was so imfiertecl a ropy of it in
the world till after the days of Uarcliocab, in the te-
coad centurr.
31
and eoininnniiprs uiidpr Iniii. had on asioned the iwlhi
tion of the Jewish luniplr, and had greatly, diitreateJ
lb* J«v* upon that pollution.
■^4
234
the <l'tM
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS,
Wher«upoa Muiaateh came to
fother-iu^iiw, Suiihafiat, ■nil toMJilni, that "Al-
though he loved his cInughteriCictuo, yet wai he
not willin;; to bn cleprivcd of hia «ncerHotal dig-
nity on her account, which was the principal dig-
nity in their nutiun, and always continued in lUo
sauie family." And thcnSanbalInt oroniisrd him
not only to preserve to hiiu tire honor of his
■prieatliooci, \wi U) procure to hini the power and
Siguity of aTigli prient, and would make hiin
governor of all the places he himself now ruled,
if he wuulil keep hia daughter for his wife. He
■ho told him furtlier, tliiil he ivould build hiro a
temple like to that at Jenisali mi, upon mount tie-
rizzini, which is the highest-oi all tlie mountains
that are in Samaria, and he promised that he
would do this with the approbation of Dnrius the
king. Manasseh was elevated with these pro-
mises, and staid with Saubullat, upon a supiwsal
that he should gain a high priesthood, as bestow-
ed on him by Darius, for it happened that San-
ballat was tiien in years. But there was now a
great disturbance among the people of Jerusii-
fern, because many of those priests and Levitts
were entangled in such matches; for they all re-
volted to Aliiuasseli, and Sanballat o(lbrdcd them
money, and divided among them land for tillage,
and habitations also, and all this in ordc/ every
way to gratify his son-in-law,
J.,^bout thin time it wnslhat DariuSrheard hiw
Alexander ha'l^jiassed over the Hellespont, und
had beaten his lieutenants in the battle of Cimni-
cum, uud was proceeding fiirth(!r: whereupmi he
Sathered tugether an army of horse and fnol, and
et.rmin<!<l that he would meet the Murciloniaiis
before they should assault and conijuer all Asia.
So he passed over the river Kuphrate*, anil canie
over Taurus, the CilicianDiountnin;«n'd atlssusof
diiicia he waited for the ehewy, as ready there
his V'd to him, that he delivered up to him these
who ruiiieont of places uniler his dominion.
imu>, A
anil di
did gladly accept of him for their lurd, in
steild of Darius. So when Alexander had re-
ceived him kindly, 5Aid)allut thereupon took
courage, and spake i& him about this present af-
fair. He tohl him, 'that "he had a spn-inlaw,
Manasseh, who was brother ito the high priest
jaddua; and that there w«ire many others ol lih
own nation now mtU hini, that were desirous to
have a temple in the places subject to him; that
it Would be for the king's ailvantage to have the
strength of the Jews divided into two parts, le«t, \
when the nation js of one inind.and iinilid..
upon any attempt for innovation, it prove trou-
blesome to kings, as it had lurinerly iiroved to
the -kings of Assyria." Whereupon Alexander
gave Sanballat leave so to do, who used the
utmost tliliijence, and built the temple, and made .
Muiiassch the priest, and deemed it a great re-
ward, that his daughter's childien shuuhl have
that dignity: but wlien the sevtn moiitiis of tli^
(sieo-e or Tyre were over, aiiil tfte two months of
"the" siege of t!ai». SimbiUlaUdied. Wow Alexan-
der, wljen he had taken (iar.a, made haste to go
up to Jerusalem; and Jaddua the hi^h priest
when he heard that, was in an agony, uml iiniier
terror, as not knowing linw he should meet tlis
Macedonians, sinep ih.^ *tnjf was ili-pl.^isud at
his foregoing di«)!>edleiiPe. He tin ri'fore or-
.Inined tliut the people *uuiMinnkesuppli™tion8,
and should juin^ith Ittif iir'<*e'riiig sa.iHi.e to
God, whom hebes.uglitto iirotecl thtit ntili if
and to deliver tin in from the iierils that were
coming upon them: WhcrcUpftn (iod warned him
in a <lreniii, ivhicb cai:ie u|)on him aftir he had
ofl'ered sncriliru, thnl,".lie should take coiiinKe,
and adorn the city, and opwi the giitcs; tliat the
rest siiould nppear in white garments, but that
to give hini'bat'tTe:'"u'pon;;;i,"rh Sr^nbaUtu'wr. fe and the priests shuid.l -'=•;'.(•-;'"";; ^■:'[^:
g°a^ that Darius was come down; and told Ma- [Ilal,its proper '^;M^»i;"^^;v>.l|^»f.ll^:;!^r,'"^
oasseh that he would suddenly perform his pro
■nisi s to him, and this a» soon a» ever Darius
ahould come back, :.fter he had beaten his cne-
■ luies; for not he only, but all those thatjvere in
Asia also, were persuaded that the Maeedoniaiis
would not so much as come to battle with the
Persians, on account of their multitude. Hut the
event proved otherwise than they expected, for
the king joined battle with the Macedonians, and
was beaten, and lost a great part of his army.
His mother also, and his wife and children, were
taken captives, and he lied into Persia. So Alex-
ander came into Syria, and took Damascus; and
when he hail obtained Sidon he l>esieged Tjrrc,
when he sent an epKtIc to the Jewish high priest,
"To send him some auxiliaries, and to supply his
afmy with provisions; :iiid that what presents he
Torii'ierly sent to Darius, he would now send to
Iiiili, and choose the friendship of the Macedo-
nians^ and that he should never repent of lo
doing." But the high priest answered the roei-
■engcrl, that " he had given liis oath to Darius
not''to bear ariiis against him ; and hi' snid, that he
Would not transgress tiiis while Darius was in. the
land of the living." Upon hearing thii 'answer
Alexander was very angry; and though bq deler-
■iined not to Itave Tvre, .which was iust ready
to be taken, yet as soon as he had taken i|, he
threatened that he would make ah expedition
against the Jewish higtfjvri'st, and through him
teach all men to whom they must keep their
oaths. So when he had, with a good deal of pains
ddiing the siege, taken Tyre, and had settjed its
•ffrtirs, he came to the city of (Jaift, and besieged
both the city and him who was governor of the
rarrison, whose name was nabfc:lie8es.
■ "x Sanballat thoupht '■- ' •"' ""- -"•"- •
p nl in er o pp o r tu ni ty to tn n k g his a ttemp t, > o he
reiiniiiced Darius, and ttikiiiK with hiiii seven
thousand of his subjects, lie came to Alexander:
uid finding bim beginning the siege of Tyre, he
gethtr, with on^pice, salute Alexander, and in-
cnmpass him uban^
•; *'- '
anv ill coiisci(ueiir( i which the. prnvitleurc of
(Sod would prcrent?' Up^n winch, when he
rose frnin his sleep, he greatly rejoiced ; ami de-
clared to all, the warning he had receiveil from
tJoil. According to which dreSm he acted en-
tirely, ami so waited for the coining of the king.
5. And when lie understood that he was not far ,
from the city, he went' out in procession, with
the Er'ft-sts and the multitude of the citizens. The
procession was venerable, and the inaiiriir of it
dili'erent from that of other nations. It feai heil
to a place called Saplm, which naiiie, translated
into (Jreek, signifies a /»ro*;i«c*, for you have
thence a pr6s(>ect both ol Jerusalem and of tlie
teinplc; and when the PJnEnicinjis and the Chal-
di-BiVs that followed him, thought they shoiilU-
have liberty to plunder the city, and torment the
high priest' to death, which iHe king's displeasure
fairly promised them, tlie very reverse of it hap-
pened; for Alexander, whin he saw ,thc niulti-
tilde at a distance, in wliito garmrnls,''while the
priests stood clotheil wjlli fine linen, am! the high
priest in purple and starlet chitliin,*, with hii
initre on his head, haviiifethe golden plate whi re-
on the name of God-(vas engraved, he ajor .ach-
ed by himself, and adored that Name, anil lirst
saluted the high priest. The Jews also did all to-
.t __.'ii. .._:... ~«r..«A A1^«aitil«>i> anil t n*
i:,..ii,,u», ... whereupon the king ol Sy-
ri-.j, andthc rest, were surprised at what Alex-
ander had done, and supposed him disordered in
his mind. However, I'armenip alone went up to
him, and asked him, " How it came to pass, that
when all others adored him, he should mlore the
high priest of the Jews?" To whom he renlieil,
"fdidwot adore him, but that God who hath
honored hiin with this high jiricsthood; forj
very person in u dream.
habit, wlieiij I was at DioS in Macedonia, who,
■when I was feonsideringwith myself how I might
obtaia the domiojon of Aaia« exhorted me to
.\ ««
BOOK 3lll.H3HAP. VIIL
saft
lim lhr*><
(iinniiicin,
r lur.l, in- .
r hull rn-
poii took
irett lit nf-
}ii-iii-l«w,
igli priest
em u( lih
iniruui to
liiin; that
I liiivo the ^
purls, l<^<t, \
III iiniti(l. .
itovc trou-
(iroved to
Alexiuuler
1 uneil the
, and made •
j;rt'at r»'-
luiilil have
itiis of tlie
months of
iw Alc'Xnn-
lUdtlt to go
lli^h pfitot
1111(1 iiiiiIlT
il iiK't't the
'ph ;iHt-d at
I rrftn'i! -or-
pplirntiuns,
Hiu'i'itiro to
htit llt!(i:lP
tlint w<T*
ivariltcl him
■tiT \\i: hail
H! rouiHto,
rs; tliut tlii:
Is, but that
kiiitt ill th»-
llhflrriiilol
;>viJiiiic of
I, wlicii he
(I ; uiul <tc-
ceivi'i! fiuni
f B<^teil eti-
of thc' king.
B ivas not far ,
I'SMOii. nith
itizrns. Tlif
iionrirr of it
It fiiiclipit
!, traiislateit
ir you ha%e
and of tlie
ad the Chal-
they slioiilJ'
torint'nt the
s displeasure
rse of it liap-
w the inulli-
t»,''whil«- the
nni! the hiRh
mt, with his
plate whire-
he ttpiwarh-
iiie, ami first
Iso did all to-
nder, and t n-
! kiiip; of Sy-
t what Alev
disoi'drred in
ic went up to
•to pass, th«t
,uld niUire the
in he re.plieil,
od who" hath
ithood; for 1
in this v<'ty
■wlia no delay, but boldly to jmim over the sea
thither, for that he would coudiict niv army, and
Would give nie the dominion over the lersians;
' whence it HI. that liavint; seen no other in th.it
habit, aiidjnow teeing tlii»- person in it, and re-
' membetirtit that vision, and the exhortation
X^
nienioeriaic iu« »■•■•"■, -■•",. — : ,. ,
whith 1 l7ad in ray dream, I believe that I brli.e
this army under the divine Conilnct, and shall
thnewllb eonuuer Uarius, and d. 9tr*(the power
of the I'ersians, and that all tliingnJllill succeeU
' - • ' * And
•cqonKng to what is in my own mind. .-
when heliad said this to I'arm. iiiot and had given
the lilL'li priest his right hand„tho pritsU ran
•long by biiu. and he laAie into the city. And
when he went lip into the teniplc, he olbred sa-
criC' x- to (iod, * cording to Uiu high priest s di-
recti«it-Y and magnificently treated both the high
Eriestand the priests. And when the book of
lanii I was shown hii«i. wherein Daijiej dcciareil
that (Mie of the Cirviks sli-mld lUttroy the eiil-
nire of the I'ersians, he supposed that hilnstlf
was the person intended: and.jis he was then
Klad*he dismissed the niultitiideTrjr the present,
Eut the next dsf he ralM lM0My||tt>.>HidbH<U
tbenivask whA fav«rs .t»!^^^B u^ hiiTi;
whereupon the high pricst^H^iat t««y
might enjoy the laws of (■HHpPr>'K >'"•*
migbt pay no tribute oir tUPBPWTT y«(>f- »•'-'
granted all they <lea,ired. And vtben they en-
' treated him that hu would permit the Jews in
Babvlon aiid Media to e.ijofAheir own laws also,
be willingly promised to ili. hereafter what th. y
desired. And when he haid to the multitude, that
if any of them would list themselves iii his army,
on this condition, that they. shoiild continue un-
der thc/lawitiftheirforefiilhers, and live Bi^rofd-
ing to them, he was willing to take theni with
hi?i,many were readv to BCCo,iii|)^ny him in hi»
- 6: So when Alexander had'thitS settled nint-
ters at Jerusalem, he ledhis aripy into the neigh-
bmiii"- cities; and when all the inhsbitants, to
wlioiii' he came, received hiin wilh great kind
ness, the Samaritans, who hail then Shei-lum
for their metropolis, (a cityViluate jl ntounltje-
riilim.and inhabited by aposl.ites of the Jeivish
nation,) swing that Ab xander hud so griiuly
honored the Jews, dcteruiiued to ptjifcss them-
telvci Jewa, for luch ii the dupotition of A*
Sam.iritnns, n» we havC already elsewhere de-
clared, that when the Jewa are in adversity they
deny that they are uf'kin to them, and then they
confess the truths but when they |)erci ive that
»omi good fortnn/ hiith befallen them, they ira-
niediately pretejrtd to have communion with
them, saying, thil they belong to them, and de-
rive their genealogy from the posterity of Joseph,
Kphraim, and Manasseh. Accordingly, they
made their /dUress to the king with »plniHor,nii<l
thotved gr/at alacrity in meeting liini at a little
distance tfoin Jerusalem. Aint when Alexander
had coi/manded them, the Shechemites Ttp-
proachAl to him, taking wiO> «hein the troop*
that ^nballat had leht him, and they desired
that/Oe wouM come to their city, and do honor
to flieir teniulo also. To whom he promised
I'rthett he returned be woidl come to tlieiii.
1 when they petilioneil that he would rewit
IC tribute V)f llie seventh year to them, becuuK-.
they did not »oW thereon, he asked who they
were that made such iietitiin; and when they
said that they Wej^e Hebrews, but had the name
of Sidonians, living at Shecli. in, he iwkeil them
again, whether they were Jews: and When .they
s:iid they were not Jews, " It was tu the Jews
(said he) that I granted that privileg^; however,
when! return and aiu Ihoroughlv '"''"•""'''>■
you of this matter, I will do whit I shall think
liniiier." Aiukin this martnerhe took leave ol
the Hhechen^Sl, but ordered that the troops ol
Sanbullat sl.ouKl follow him into F.-ypt, because
there he d.;»i^Mied to giv. 1 .1 ni l.md., which lie
did a little after in The'.ii.i-, when he ordered
theiii to guard that country.
7 Aow when Alexandei- was 'lead, thcgovcrn'
meiit was parutfailiong his su(ief,ors, buj thf.
temple upon iilonnt Geriiiim remnlu. (1. Ami il
un\ i.ne wer. hccused by th"se »l Jerns-deni, of
Imviil;; eaten tftiings coniimiH, or of haMii;; Jiro-
ken the SiiWiAth, or of iiiiy other crlliii' ol tU.
like iii.t.iie; We (liid away to the Slleclieimt. .,
aiul "lid thatV he iv;is ac.useW unjustly. Aliott
thivliin. Iih:.- ' •liul'lu'. I'le high pnest died;
„„.l ()i.i:is hi- !"d. 1 e hi^h prii-stliood.
This «ns the f' i; l^ie a!'...ii« ol the peopleiof
Jerusalein-at this lime. . ....
^ BOOK XII
CONTAINING THE INTEJVAI. OF A IU!.NI.REI> AND 8EVE.NTY YEARS.-FROM THE DEATH,
(50NTAIMNO -J^H^^^^ Jj^ ^,jg gj^^^.^, ,ro THE DEATlf t.F JUI)A8 MACCABEUS.
4f'
■edonia, who,
r how I might
horted me to
criAP I.
How Plolemy, the son of lAgns, took Jenisakm
and .liidta by Dtctit an4 Trtach tnj, and cairieit
manj nf the Jews tktnct, and planted thtm jn
( 1. Now when Alexander,' king of Macedon,
bad put an end to the dominion ot Abe I'ersians,
and had settled the affairs in Jndea afdj the
foremonlioned tnanner, he, ended his life. And
at hi* government fell "^inong many, Anlig inns
obtained Asia: i^eleucus, Babylon; and of the
other nations which were there, Lysimachus^ go-
verned the Hellespont, and Cassander possessed
Macedonia; as did Itoleiiiy, the Son of L!>a;"».
teiie upon Egypt. And while these princes ani-
biliou-vly strove one against another, every one
for his own principality, it came to pass that
there were continual wars, and those lasting wars
too; and thlH cities were suflereis, and lost a
ereat many of theirlnlii^bilSnts in these times of
dittress, insomuch that all Syria, by the iiieans
6f I'toleniy the son of l.agus, underwent the re
vewe of that d^ii rii ni n ation of Saviour which h e
then had^ tie also teiied upon Jerusalem, and
for that end made use of deceit and treachery;
for as fie caiiio into the city on a Sabbath-day,
as if he would offer fucrif'ris, he without any
trouble gained the rity. While the Jews did not
oppose him, for they did iiof suspect him to be
their enemy; and he gained il thui, became
they were free from suspicion of him, and, be-
cause on that day thiy were at rest and quiet-
nfys; and wh«\he had gained il, he ruled over
it in a cruel ifltaner. Nay,, Agatharchides of
Cni.lus, who wriJv. thjc act.s of^Alexander't suc-
rissors, reproacMe.ius with superstition, as if we,
by il, had lost our liberty ; where he_«.iyt thus:
"'There is a luition c;dled'the nation of the .lews,
wlio inhabit a city stioiig and great, named Je-
rusalem. The!;e men look no cafe, but let It
come into the hands of I'toleniy, !<.8 not willing
to take arms, and thereby they submitUd lobe
under a hard master, by reason of their, unsea-
sonable superslilion." This il what Agathar-
chides relates of our nation. Bjit when I'tolemy
had taken a great many captives, bojh from the
mountainous parts of Judea, and from the placet
ilein and Samaria, and the p|ace«
a bout Jer u s a liMii
mount (icrizzini, be led them all into tgypti
Ml
■■ "N ■ •
'./■;,■■
m
'280
w
ANTIQUITIES OF^HE JEWS,
ma
. /
ud icttlMl ihentlbwc.^ And u he knew Ihtt the
people of Jeruvalem itrre iiioit fiiithful- in lh«
ob»etv»i\o<i Vf pelht and rovcnnnta.i' and thii
iroiu (he ■luwrr they lunde to Alexander, wbtn
^he Milt an cnibaasaKe to tbun, after ho bad
'beaten Dariut in battle; to h'c^Mitrifialed nianjr
uf them into f^rrinodi, and it Alrxahilria K>ye
ihviii rcjiial (irivilrgei of citiicii* with tlir Mace-
dnniniit thnni^vci; and rc(|uirrd of thkiii. to
take their oathi, that they would keep their
.fideDty tu tho posterity of tnouj Mr(u> comiAitted
thcae plaeei to '(heir care. 'Nny, tnere'were not
g few other Jewi, w^o, of their own arcord. went
into Keypt, aa invil<:d by the goudiieia uf the
aoit, and by the liberality uf I'lolriiiy'. Howevef;
there were diionlera anioyg their |>oaterity, with
relation to the Samaritiine, on account of their
reaoluli>in to pre|erve that Cbnduct of life wMch
waa delivered to them by thiir forefjtlhert, and
they thereupon contended, one with unother<
while^hoie of JeruialeiU lAid', Ihatjheir teiiiple
waa holy, and reiqlved to tend tlieir aacrifirea
thither; but thfSaniarllana were' reiolved, that
they ihould be j^nt to mount Uerinim.
•_ CHAP.iL •
How Ploliiny Philadtlphui proevred iht Laai
of tilt •Jewi io be iranilattd «n(p (Aft Greek
Tongue; anc{ $tt many Capliva free; and
dtdicaled many Uijtt to God. '
^ I. When Alexander had ' r^ip^ed twelve
^nara, anil'al|u; him Ftojemy So(er forty ^veart,
rtntadelphu^^juitook the kingdom of I^gypt,
ai;!y>eld it/urt^l^ within nue. He procured
(he Ikiv to bo.' iiiteif^eted ;( and act free those
that we're cniue from Jeruinlciii into Kgrpt, and
were in slavery 'there, who were a hunnred and
twenty thousand. The occa^on waa this: De-
metaut Phalerfua, ' who wna library-keeper (o
the kin^, was now endeavoring, if it Were pos;
sible, to gather together alHhe books that weri'
in the habitable earth, ami buying nhtit»oever
wm an^ where^ valuable, or agreeable to the
king's inclination, (who was very earneatly 8<'t
npou "collecting'of books;) to which incliiflitiun
of his. Dciiielriua w^s zculounly subservient.
'And vfhen once Ftoleiiiy asked bim hutv iiiuiiy
(en thousauils of books ne had collected, he re-
plied, that he )jad already about twenty times
ten thousand, but that, in a little time, he should
iiave fifty times ten 'tboiisand. But he said, he
had been informed that there .were many books
of laws among the .lews worthy oT inquiring
after, and worthy of the king's I ibrarv4>ut which
being written in characters and iiyoi dialect of
their own, will cause no ismall pmns in getting
them translated into the Greek to jq^ue ; that the
character in which Jhey are written seems to be
like to thatnhicli is the proper character of the
Syrians; and that its sounci, wheg pronclunced,
ia fike theirs al^o; and that this 8pund'«|)pearB
to be peculiar to themselves. Wherefore he
laid, that nothing hindered why tliey might not
get those books to be translated also,, for while
* The great numher of the J«wa and Samaritans that
were formerly carried into Keypt l>y Alexander, and
now by Ptolemy the aon of Lacua, appear afterward
fai the vast multitude who, as we aliall see preiiently,
were soon ransomed by Philadelpliui, and by him
made free, before be sent for the irvcnty-lwo interpre-
teis; in tbn many garrisoris, and other aoldiem of that
natibii in Gfypt ; in the famous setllcmnnt of Jews, and
the nnmherofthelrsynntra?ues at Alexandria, long af-
terward ; and in tl'e vehement r^nnlention ln'tween tlie
Jew* and 8aniaritana unilnr Vliiloiiictcr, nhout the
(lace appointed for the pitlillc worslii|i in thclniv of
lose*; whetliar at thfe Jewish temple at Jrruta'erii. or
at the Samaritan temple iit nerizzim ' of all wlirli our
anlhor treats hcrenner. And na lo tho Fnmarnnns
carried into (Icyptnnrier the snme princes, tk-nlisrr sup-
poaee, that those w bo have a crcat sy iiaRotiue at Uairu,
aa alaothose whom the Arabic neoKrapbcr speaks of, aa
haTtng seized on an bland m the Red Pea, are reualna
•r them at tliia Tcry day , at the notca Iwie inforiD iia.
tolhing,is wanting th^( is neceaaary for that bur-
pntr, we may nave tlieir books also in this libra-
ry. - So the King thought that Demetrius waa -
verv zealoas tifprocure him abunilaiice uf booka,
anil that he suggested what whs exceedihg pro-
per fur htm to tlo; and tfterelore he wrote to (he .
Jevisii high priest t|)*( he should act accordin^y.
2. Now tliere was one Aristeus;- who waa
amuitg the king's, most inlrinate friends, and on
acrbiint of his nioiletly very acceptable to hipi.
This Atiitcua reio|ve(l frequently, and. that bc-^
furc qSi, to |ictt|ipli,the kiiigthat he.wMild Ml
allthn captive Jlws in hi<i kingtloni free; ami ne
thought this to be a convenient opportunity for
the inakiiiK tfiat petition. So he diseuiirsed, in
the flr# ^ace, with the captains of the kfllg'* •
guards, noiihiiA 'of Tariintuin, and Ai^dreas; ami
lierjiuaded them to ^assist him in what he waa
^oing to inteKcdc with the king for. Accord-
ingly, Arioteus embraced the ianiQ opinion with
thuse that ha^'e been before mentioned ; and ' ■
wtnt td the king, and n^Biile the following speech
to liiin: "It in not fit for||is, O king, to »veilOok
Ibiiigs hastily, or to dfceivo ourselves, hut tojay .
the truth open; for since wo have delerUfmed
iuit only to gel the-faws o( the Jews transcribed,
but interpretecl-aisp, for th^ sntisfuction, by what '
mcnha can^e do thit| while so inaiiy of the Jewa
arc no^ slaves in thy kingdcmiT .Do thou then
whiit will be ngreeauleiu thy nnignanimity, and"
til thy good nature; free them from, the misera-
ble condition they are in', because (hat Gui', who
su|)()Qrtetli. ihy ki'iigdoifa, was the author i>( their
lawSk ar I Itiivc Jrarned by pai^iuular inquiry,
for'both th< HI'. peopl»,jiid we aIso, worshi,i tlie
sani(-(!n(l, the fraiiier of all things. We call him
and thut truly, by the name of Zii»,[or Life, or
Jupiter,] because he -breathes life into all nien.
Wheretore do tliou rettore these men to tlitir
onn country, and this do to the honor ol >'iod,
because tbe^e men - pay a peculiarly excellent
wurship to him. And iLnoivtliix farther, thai
though I be not of kin to them by birth, nor one
of the same conniry with, thcni, yet do I desire
th0ie fnvon to be done them, since all ftien are
the' workmanship of Gdfl; and I am sensible that
he it welliilcased with those thatjjo good. I do,
therefore, |>ui up this petiiioti to thee, to do gooSl
to them." ' ' „
3. When, Arisleus was layine thus, the king
looked upon him with acheerfuland joyful coun-
tenance, and ,aaid, "How Many ten thousandi
dost thou suppose there are of such as want to
be made frceT" To which Andreas replied, ai
he stood by, and said, "A few more than (en '
(inies ten thous!(nd." The king made answer,
"And. is this a small gift th(|( thou askest, Aria-
teus?" liut Sosibius, and the resttha. stood by,
said, that " he ought to oft'er such a thank-tiffer-
ing as„was Worthy of his greatness of soul, to that
God who bad given him his kingdom." With thia
answer he was much pleased ; and gave order,
that when they paid the soldiers theirwages, they
should lay down [a hundred ai)d1 twenty drachmiC
for emiy'one of the 'slaTes.|| Anikbe promised to
tOf the sarrednein of oaths amonc the Jewa in the
Old Testament, nee Scripture rolitira. p. M, 85,
tor Ifiet.-anslationoTtbeotlierpartBortbeOld Tes-
tament by seventy Ecyptlan' Jews, in the roifins of
Ptolemy the son Of l^tipM, nnd Philadelplms; as also
thntranslnlionoftlic Pentateuch hyaevenly-lwo Jeru-
salem Jews, iu the seventh ye.irof Pliiladelpbus at AI-
etniMria, aafiVen us an ticrouiit of by Aristeua, ahi^
Iticnce by Philoand Joaephus, with a vindicatfoh of - :
.\risteua'a liistnry, see the Appendix to Ut.,,Accomp. of
l'rpph.atliirge.>.117— 15S. ' '
IIAItlioucIv thik' niimlicr one Jiundred and twenty
draehinx |of Alexandria. Or sixty Jewish shekels] he
here three timea repeated; and tl'at in all Joaephus'*
fopiea. tireek and Latin, yet since nil the fopiea of
:l'
i
4.
1V|..^». .....v., ».n» ,..»... I. J., all... ..1. .m . M|.|C» Wl
Aristeua, whenre Joeeplius look his relation, have thia
aum aeveral thgCf^ a^id still ns no morethan twenty
I drachmr, Ar ten Jewish shekels , and aincp the sutai or
the talenta, to be set down presenify, which ii little
I abora four handrid and sixty, for wmewbat morctbas
\'
•Bpt)K 3tII. CHAP. II.
■887
imbliih » m«([ntScfnt il<!pre«, nbonl wHbI -thpy
ivnucit<!il, which nhoiilil -contirm wh»F Ari^lfUt
likd pm|)0"«-(l. »n(l cjnrriiilly what Vfuil willi-U
should txtduiifi; wlirreby, hrmiiil.^he Would ilu(
only !•••• tho«e frt'e who h»d hfsii led •wa/caplive
bj hill fnthcr >nd hit nrnijr, but thote wlu> Were
in hisi kingdom hcfbrr, «ihI tbosr nlllo^i( any "urh
thrre wrre, who had hcip liKiuKhkiiwny ii^i<"'-
And whtiW thvytaid thatlhoirrcdriiipticiiiiiiiinrx
Would ^,inoun^t6abov<! lour tiunOriu tali ntf. he
frranted'it. ,% CDfy of whirh Oei'ree I hayt! de«
teruiiix"!! fo'preiii-vr, thul <lu' uiiif^nauiuiily of
thin kinir. iiuiy bt; niadi- knewn; 1l«)'iihlrHt«n'ri'<!
HnVolloHn: "l,et all thunc who virrt: sohtiern liii-
i\ej our fathrr, iiikI who, when thf y overrun Sy-
ria and I'ho.'nlcia, and lui'l wunle Jutku, took fne
the »rlifn!<"r'« workninn«hi|), a» it aiiptartti I* "
(how tbnl uiw lh»in, hhiI whii Irwnrkinan niad»
every yrmrl, inay br niixlr innnil<sl> and Ihi*
pn •crount of tlit- fxcollriiry of tlw ' veitcit
thenix Ivun. Now (hr i-opy of ihi' rpivllc wat to
thti puKfioic; "Ttcnirdiui to tlu'iK^Mt kingi
Wbrrt thog,U kin|t,(t«vV«l iii«n il;BiKi;_(oncr«-
inr thn i-jllrction uf biiokt lliat nvrr. wnntiilg to
Qll your librjti'y, and (-MntrrniMi; tlip cure that
opitut to bt' taken abt>at iil^b «• itie iiiiiirrftct, I
have Ufird lUc ulniiifl (liliprntj,' about ilio«« mat-*
tera. And 1 Irt Vnu kni<w, thiit np want the
boukiiof ihr JewiOi li|(iiilntion, «ith nonic-utla-ri;
for they Bi*!* writtt u in the ll< bri w rliarurtrj^n
i^nd bein)i; in the liiiigliaKc uf tlial naliiiu. iirr to
uii anlmovvn. It liiiih aim luiiipi'iitd to tlirni.
.Iew«cni)tiv<«,aud made them #lBV«ii,an<U)rouKKt»-<htat they have bi<n tran«iriH*d morn «;ireln«>ly
them into our ritieo, and into thi* country, and
.tiuti «al<l theui; a* aiii4> all those that it'<'|irin;iny
kingdom before llfcnl,,aud if there be any that
'have been lalely broumt thither, i)n made free
^y thuH^ that i)oaii«ra tiieni; and let thedi accept
of [n hundred nndj-twenly drurhiilie fur rviry
«lave. And let the toldierii receive thin twlemp-
tion money with their nay, but the rest nut Of Ihw
'» kine'it treniury : for I »upno«D that III/ y uerc
aiade captive* without our father'* roUKent, and
agBinst ei|uity^ and that thijir louutry wiis" Im-
A^ ratacd by tlieiutolinr-e of the ituldicr«, and that,
;by .rrntoving tliem in|5> Kgypl, the snlillern have
«iade a gr« at f rolit lij them. Out. of r< ffiird there-
fore tojusticfi'Bud out of pity ill lh(jje that have
been lyranniietj.over, conlrary-ti»e(|uitiV, 1 en-
■ join.thoiie that have, *ucji Jews in'.lheir service
, to- iet them at^liberly, U|'ion the rei-eijit of the
before-nientioned nuiiiv aiuf that no on« u«o-»ny
deceit about them, but rtbey what is here coui-
mantled. And I will, that Ihry giye in their.
^name», within\hree dnya after the publiijalion of
'this edict, to such ii»,Hre appoittlml to exeenle
the annieAand to prnchice the :-.(uv«i^ifjfore th<m
also, fori think itv^ill1)C fin'lhe ndvantJigewfmy
* affairs: a(fd let every one liiatwill, infiSrru »gain»t
those that do not obey thiH decree; and I »»ill
that their eitnles'be coiHiscated into th*^ kiiij;'n
treasury.^' When this decree wn% rea'd lo the
king, it' at first contained the rett that in lrere,in-
serted, aiid omitted only those Jewn that IiIhI fiir-
ineriv brcn bi-ought, a'if(,l jtioiw ^broiiiflri nlte r-
wactt, which had not been trlstinctlviiientloued;.
so he lidded these' cbiuoes out of.hii |iuiiia(ilt\ ,
BjBil with great geoeroiiity. J^« also );AV oiO<>ii
that. the payftent, whicli Was likely t.> he do^ieiii
^ 4 Wirry, shouM be diviiled anioii^ tlie king's
, niiuisters, and ani(>ng the oflicei;* ol hisilrcnsiiry.
When this was overt what !he mg had decreed,,
was quickly brought to a conclfflfi'm; and this ip
no liiore than «eve>i da}8' tiiiie. the nuiuli^r of
tHe tiilei'its paid foi»the cliptivcs being abpjre four
' hundrt'd and sixty, and thii^ because their mas^
ters required the [hundred and], twenty drachjine
for the children also, the king having in elTect
commanded that theye i>l(ould be paid Tor, when
he said in his decree that they should receive the
fortinentioued sum for every slave.
4. ^SS when this had been done after sA mag'
nificent a, manner, according to 'the' k'gig'!< iAcli-
ni)njuils, he gave ordvr to l)enietrjii< to give hiiu
in'^wriling his sentinients concerning the trnns-
erlbinj of the Jewisln^books, for no (lart o^ the
lidiiiinistratinn»is {loi^e rashly by these kings, but
nil things are niuhaged with great circuniS|K'C-
tidn. On which account I have subjoined kcopy
of these epistles, and set down the multitude of
the vessels sent as gilts [t'> JefusaUin,] and the
conj^riittion of every one, that the exactness of
one bundre<ltliOiis,inrt. slaves, and Is nearly the same
in Joseplius and A risteusj does liclter auico to twrniy
'.'than lo one l.nndred niul twenty drarliins-; iindsiiire
' f of a sliive of olil wji-'. at Ihe uiino.si. hut ihir
»thK ytlie of
, ty sKekcIs, I
while i:\ tl>(
or sixiy (Irin-llniiP, sec Kjoilua «1 112,
tl>e pri'sent rircu instances of these Jewish
ilaTC*. and those so very numerous, l'lfilnd«l|iliiii
than they ought to have been, because they
have not Itjd hitherto iMvid care taken about
>thciH. Wow it i« necessary tliat thoii shoul(leiit
have accnrate copies of them. \Aiid iiidied this , ,
legisliitioii is full of hijden wisdom, am) entirely
blaiiitJess, as being Ihe le;;i liOuin of viod; for
wtiii:lt cjjiuic it IS, d!| UiiValeus of Alidera iayt, <'~
that (tie ]>oets and liiHlosiansiiiakeii<! iiiliitiun 01 f''
it, iiwr of those men that lewl Iheir Ijies'accord* f:
iiig tt^il, since it i« ii huly law, and niighl not ,to'
be puldishtdbv prnfane iiioiiths. ^ h' ihim it plnate ■"
thee, O king, tliou luayeat write to ll)e high uiiest i •
of the Jews, to send six of llVe eliUis oiittil every '
'.tribe, and "those such as are most skilful itt tlio .,^
iaV», Ibatby their megvs «e may learn the clear »
and agreeing sense of these IiuuIih; and may
obtain an accurate inferprelatjnii of.their con-
li^iltii. and so may fc(>v< such a colfjiCtion of the'fft
a« mnv be suitable i'l thy desire}"^ >
»»5.' \Vheu this epistle.^fl" sent' to tl* Jiiilig, h* ^
^collmlall<h i| that an ef>>stl(- shodid be iln^it up ,
fur Kleazar, tlu: Jewift^Jnigh nrif st,, ctjvf.erning.^,
iheslS mallers;yind that they .^hould'iiifiirjn him ,
of ^he rrleaie of the^ij\sj1hat had liieii ilfiSla- -
very nmoi»g'tliei;i. ^lle lilsO sent^lilty^ tS|en'ts' of
goliyor the making of liw^e biH^is. and Vialsj <
iind ch|i*,^ und ,\ji^)imense <pi»ntily of precicius \ ,
Vtoiies.^ H»r alscD^livo ■ordi'Trs Vo those who hail ' .
the custody of therhei\ts (irat I'onlaiiied thcto "
stjiiesj til give tlie ilrtifif irs leiive lo choose out."*,
wwliat sorts 'of » them they pleased. lie withal • ;.
ap(M>inlerl", tlyil it hunored. talfjils >in money
slioiild be sent lo.llie ,ien^)le lor* saci'ilices, and
for other uses. N.iiy I" v!ldr.gi»e' a desriijttidit
of thi se vessejs,' and ^ie< manner of l4uir con-
strticl'ion', bht iMit tilWil'n-r I have set do#|i «
cofiv oftjtie epislle which was written to, Elealar ,. '
*tlie'liigh priiisj, wlfo'had obtained that dignity
,on the occasion following y When Ooiasthe high
'pricst,wa« <lead, his son Simon became hit suCr
cessdr. Me was calTeil Siuion the Just,* becanso . ^
of both his [liety towards (m^I, and his kind dis-
•position to those of his oHu'n-.tion. ' Wjien be ^
was deail, niiH^had left a young sun, who was ,
(^alled Onias, Siinoii.'s hnilhti' r.leaiar, of-whom '
we are sgieakiBg, took the high prieMhood ; and
he it was-to whom I'toleniy wriile, aiul that in.,
the inamier following^ " Kjiiig I'tolemjj- to Klea-
tar the high pries", setideth greeting: Then* are
many Jews'>«i'o flow dwj'll'in my kingrloif , whom
the WrsialiB, when they were in |).iwe^.carriK4 / -
captives. These were honored liy my, father;,
some of them he placed in the army, ayd gave
them greater pay than ordinary :, to jjlhers of
them, when they Vame with blm inlo'T^gypt, he
cOiiiniKted his garrisons, iind tlie gu(iid,ng of ■
thei\i, that thev might be a terrfir to the Kgyp-
tians. And when I had lal^n the poverynieiit, I >-
treated.' till nittn with hiduanity, and esfiecially
would raltiet redeem lh«nwft i) ehcniior than m a dear-
er rale.lhere is ureal rei'son lo prefer here .Aristeus'fl
copies liefofc Jos''phuV»- ^ ^ 'l^k - ' ^
*We Nave ■■\ very great .ciifwnluiti of' >1|« iniia
'*( ,/«.«VttP son of liiii.is i.jiilliP finietii riittlncr^of
^ »
Ffrrlesiiistlriis, lliroji 'hlfi' Wlinte rimpter. Nor is it iim
, piniKT 10 rontnll tll»t cl':i|iter ilxlf u|ion iliia orrattas.
\'
/■
'-f
ANTIQUITIES OF THE IPVVS.
3S»
ik«i« lh»l •!» thy fcllow-citiMin, of whom I
bavo Kl f^*' ■bov« ■ liunur«u tliouauiin tnut
ware lUvV'r •'«• P*''' 'he price of tin ir r«(l*mp-
lioii to tlieir iiimn™ out of my own r«v«niie»j
ami (how ilial are of a lit age, I ha* a4liiiiU"i
into III* nunibtr of iiijr •oldiirii. And for lucli a*
are capable of bcini; faitliful to nw., %nd proper
for iny court, 1 huw put them in luch a potir aa
tbioklDg tlii« [kindiieM doiiu to tlivni] to be a
»cry great and an acceptable gift, wbich I de<
vote to tii>d for hit pro»ideiice oyer oi*. And ai
I am deiirou* to Jo what will be grratcful to thtie.
and loall tlie other )eW> in IbO habitable earth,
I havi dettrui'intid to procure an inleruretulioiv
of TOUr law, Hud to Imve it traiiilulid out of
Hebrew into (ireek, nod to be dtpoiiiled in my
library. Thou wilt tljerefore do well to choone
out an(| fend to nie men of n rood charncter,
. who are now eldcm in age, and »ix in number,
out of every tribt.^ These, hy ihfir a%K, muit
he ikilful in the luw», and of abilltifi to nif kc an
accurate interpretation of thenu and when tnia
tball be liniahed, 1 ahall think that 1 havt) don« a
work glorioua to myaelf. . And 1 have tent to
thee Amlrc8a,.tRe captain of my guard, and Aria-
teua, men whom 1 have in vtry Rrent ei-teenii
by whom I have «ent thoae lifiil.|ruit« which 1
*ave dedicated to the lemnle, and t.< thi aairi-
lictt, and to other uae», to the valMe of a hundred
taleola. And if thou wilt tend t«*\ii, to let iia
know what thou wuuldeiit have further, thou wilt
do a tliinj; acceplubic to me."
fi. When this epistle of the kiiJ^ waa brought
to Eleaiar/lft! wrote an antwer to it with nil the
reapect poaaible: "Eleaiar the lilgh priest, to
king Ptolcny, aeudeth greeting; If thou and thy
queen Arsinoe, and thy children, be well, we ire
entirely aaliafied.* Whan we received thy epn-
tie, we greallv rejoiced at thy intentions; and
when the Multitude were Rathercd tog< tlier, we
read it to theiiij6nd thereby made theiii aensible
of the piety trfiu hast towards God; We ulso
ahowed them /he twenty vials of Hold, and thir-
ty of silver, (And the five large Ijusons, and the
table for thk ahow-bread; aa nlao the hundred
talents for tlie aacrificcs, and for the making wlint
ahall be needful at the temple. Which things
-Amireas and Aristeiia, thdse most honorwl
friendf of tliine, have broual.t us; «nd truly
they are persons of ah excellent character, and
of Weat learning, and worthy of thy virtue.
Know then, that we will gratily thee in wlint is
(or thy advantage, thongp we do wliat we used
- not to do before, lor wyought to make a ri'liirn
for Ihe tiunierous act* of kiiidmVji which tliou
hast done to Our counlryimn. We immediately
therefore, otTered aj/rjtices' for thee and thy sis-
ter, with thy children, and friends; and tht; mul-
titude made pravers, that thy alluiri! may be to
thy mind, uud that thy kingdom may be pre-
lervcd in peace, and that "the translation of our
law may I'oinc to t)U' uonclusion thou desirest,
and be for thy advantage, VVe have also chosen
■ix elders out of every tribe, whom ive have sent,
and llie law with tSitm. It will be thy part, out
of thy piety aiul.^stice, to send back the law",
whete it i\»\h bfc.n translated; and to rtluni
those to U8 lilat bring it in safety. Karcw*ll."
7. This was the reply which the high priest
made. But it docs not seem tonie to be ncccs»
sary to set down the names of the sevefity [two 1
. elders who were seiit by K.Uniar, and carried
the law, which yet were subjoined atthe end of
theepisMe. .However^ I thought it not improper
to give an account of those very valuable and
artificially contrived vessels which the king sent
to Ood, that all may see how great ii r«g«rd tlic
king had for God; lor the king allowed a vast
» Wtn-q yp linvn here nnJ-preacntly mention made of
d«il of <xp*i>*<yL for these vessels, and cam*
ofleii to the workmen, and viewed their worka
ami auffepcd nolhihl; of c«rele««nes» or negli-
gence to, he any dainage to their operations.
1 And I will relate how rich they were a* well aa
I I am able, although perha|M the nature of this
history may nii< rK(uire siich a description, but I
1 imagine I shall thereby recommend the elegant
taste nnti 4||gnanimity of thiii king to those tbu
reaU this history. ...
8. And flrit I wlH detcribo whatbetongi toth»
table. It was inderil in the king's mind to inakt, ,
thia table vaally large in ,ila dimenaioM; but
then he gave orilem that they ahould learn what J
was the mugnituUe of the tabla which wa*
already at Jejriitaleni, and how large it^wns, and
whether there were a possibility of making one
largi rthan it. And wSen be was iuforiued how
large that was which «a» already there, and
that ftolliing hindered but a lurger might b«
made, he aald, that " he wat willing to have One
made that ahould be five times a» large as the
present table, but ^s fear was that il might lie
then U8« less in their aacred miuiatruliont, by its
too gieal largeness; for ho desired that the gif^ ■
he prisented tliem should not only* be .there for
show, but should be useful also in their sacred
iiiiiiistrHrioiis." According to which reasoning
thnt tlic ffl^iner fuble was made of so moderate a
site for Use, and not for want of gold, he re-
solved that he would not exceed the.t|(«»iiertabl<i
ill br*< iiess; but would make it exce«(J5it_in the
variety and elegance of its materials. And a* be ,
was sngaciuus.in observing the n&ture of a|l
thiiigs, and in having a just notionol what wa»«
new and surprising, and where there were oo
sculptures, he wpuld invent such as l(«re proper, ■■
by his own skill, and wiiiuld show them to the -
workmen, he commanded that such sculptures •
•.hoiild now be made, and that those which were
dernieated, sliouhl be most accurately formed by
a constant I egartl to their delincatiou.
9. When, Iherefi.re, the workmen had under-
tnki n to luiike tht! table, they firained il in length
two ciiliils [and a half,] in breadth one cubit, and
ill bright oncjcubit and a half; and the eutini .
•truclure of the work was of gold. They withal
made a Crown of a haiidhrendlh round it, with
waveWork Wreathed about it, and with an en-
Kruviiig which iniitiited a cord, add Was admira-
bly turned on its tliree parts; for as'they Were
.if a tiiangiilar figure, every angle had the same
disposition of^ Its sculptures, that when yo^ '
turiit d them about, the very aanie form of them
was turned about without any variation. Now
tliat part'of the crownwork that vws enclosed
under the talile had its sculptures v«y beautiful,
but that part which went roiind on the outsida :
ivas iiKjre elaborat«ly adorned with niost beauti-
ful ornaments, because it was expoatd lo sight,
and to t'.ie view of the ipcctatora; for which
reason it wjs that both those aides which were
extant above the rest, were acute; and none of
the angles, w'hiclfjWe before told you «*re tlirefc,
appeared less than another, when the table was
tiifned about. Noiv into {ihe cordwork thus
turned were precious stout's inserted in rows '
parallel on«i to the other, enclosed in golden but-
tons, which had ouches SnJhein; but the parts
which were on the aide'Uf the croiwn, and wcra
exiiosed to the sight, were ailorncd with « row
dji oval figures obliiiuely Jplaced, of the most
excellent sort of precious stones, which imitated
rods laid close, and encompassed the table rouud
about. But under these oval figures, thus en-
graven, the workmen had put a crown all round '
it, where the nature of all sorts of fruit was re-
presented, insomuch that the bunches of grapeP
s!a, and ofEeypt at this very time ; nay, of the Assy
■ m~ r, --.LJ Hi t ^ * ».«tf» -I. n W»* il ■ i» «» l 1—
/^
(
I
riaiis ibiig nltcrwarrt. Bee. Anlli|. Ip. ji.ch. ii.sccl. I.
wiirnrc we liav<!, upon tlic coirs of Pliiladelpliut, tliW
known inbcription, tktiivint bretktTand titter.
Vbiladelphus's queen and sister Arsinoe, we are to re
tiiemlier, Willi Pnanbcini, that Araiiioo was boili Ins
, nsieuiid his « ife, atcordinj to the old custom of Per
M
>j
m
■l
BOOK XII.^CHAP. II.
.N<v
239
/^
bunf up. And when thiey hid nuid« tha ttonri
M KPrai'nt (II the kiuui of fruit iH-furc Hiiiii-
lioneu, ind tbat Hck in iti prn|i«r rnlnr, (hry
■n*d« Iheift ftut with gold round llic whule talde.
The likt di<n<i»ilinn of the onl fif(urri>, iind of the
engraved rodi, nrita framed undir llio crown, that
lh« table niicht on each niilr ttyivi the iwnie^p-
pearance df varict? and elej^nce of it* orna-
inenti, lo that neither the iioiitlon of the %*ave-
work nor of the crown might be diflervnti al-
thoMKh the table were turned ou the iilhir aide,
but tnkt the i>roa))<:£t df the •nme nrtiflciHl con-
Irivancea mignt b« extended a*' far ai the feet;
for there wat made a plate of gold o(four finger*
broad, through the entire briadth of the lin>lr,
into which they inierted the ft^et, and then fast-
ened thent to th«, l^ble by button* and button-
holei, at the place where Ine crown waif aituatc,
that ao on what aide anever of the t'>l.>le blu
thould aland, it might exhibit the very aanie view-
the two cialcmi of
gold, ench containing two
Arkinit. Ilqt thoae which Were uf ailvar wcr«
much inoru bright and atilcndid than biokiog- ,
glaaaea, and you ntight iti ihcm are the inioget
that fell U|Min thvin mor^ nlainty than in tha
other. The king alaa orilered thirty viala; th'ota
of which the pnrta that were of gufd, and tillad
up with preciuua aloneat were »|i«il()»y«d o»er
witb leavea of ivy, and pf viaea, artificially en-
graven. And the »« were the veaaria that, wera
after an^ ekiraordinnry ninnncr, briiiiglil to tbil
perfection, .pn;*']! ^y ''**' *''"' *'' ''"' wnrkilieD,
who'were admirablein auch liiie work, but much
more by the diligence anil genern«ily uf tha
king, who not Only Hupplieil thi' Itrtlfirera abub-
ilanlly, and with gr«»t geiKniaity, w\lh what
tbey wanted, but he furbatle public aUilieiu'ea fur ^
ll(f time, Hnd camu and atoud by the uurkmcn,
and aaw the whole operation. And thia wiia tlia
cuuac why the workmen were ao accurHtr in
their performance, b«cau«e they bud regard lo
of tha exquiaite workiiiunahip, and of the vuat .then, ^
expenaeabealowedupoli UibutupOttthotnbleil- Mio king, and to hi* greut concern about tHe
aelf they engraved a meander, "inaerliiig into it veaael*, aridaQ the more iiidefaligably kept clq»e
they engraved a mrauUer, ''Inaerling
very valuabl^atoner in the nfiddle, l^ke *tiir« of
.irariou* color*! the carbun^sle and the emerald,
aach of which *ent out agreeable ray* of li)tht to
'>tbe •pectator*; witb auch atorte* of other aorta
alao a* were moat curioiia and beat calernied, aa
being luoat precioua in their kiiij. Hard by thia
' meander a leiture of net work ran round it, ;tbe
middle of which appeared like a rhombua, into
which were inaerted rock crystal '^iid amber,
<which, by the great, reftembla^ce of tl|e appiur-
ahre they made, gave wonderful ifrligbt to those
that aaw them. The chapiters of the Duet iini-'
tated the firat buddinga of lilies, whilii their
' jeave* were bent ^ud luid Onder the table, but so
that the chives were a^en atanding upright
within them. Their baaef were made of u cair-
bunclc ; and the place at the b<«ttom, which rested
on that carbuncle, was one pDtii deep, and eight
Anger* in breadth. Sow they had. engraven
upon it with, a very fine tool, and mtli a great
df^l of piihis, a branch of ivy. and Ifmlrila uf the
vine. Rending forth clusters of grt^a,^lbMr-you
would Eueaa 'they wcte nowisfi/diff^rent from
realtenurila, for tiiey were so very thin, and lo
very fur extended at their extremities, that they
were moved with the wind, anif made ftne; believe
tthat tliey were the product of nature, and. not
the rtpresei^alion of art. They also inaile, the
entire workniausbip of the .^aule ap|)eHr to be
threefold, while the jointi. of th«faev*ral parts
were ao united 4ogether as to be inviaible, itild
the planes where they joined could not be di.»-
tinguished. Now the thickhess of tlic tuble wiis
not less than half a cubit. So that this t;ift, by
the king's great g(i\(:rasity, by the great vnlue
» af the material*, and the variety.of ila exquisite
atrunture, and the artlficer'a^kill in iniitating na-
ture with graving tuQlt,'wa8 at length braught tu
perfection, while the king waa very dejiroiiM tliiit
though ill largcnesg it were not to be dilbrent
from that which Wtu already dedicatefl, to ttod,
vat that in exquisite wqf'kmanship, and the No-
velty of the ctflitrivanc^,jiod in tnc splenditr of'
It* construction,, it ihould far kxceed it, und be
mdre illi^strious than^that wa*. '
■> lU. Aowof the cisteftia of gold there were two,
whoae aciiipture wii* of (catework, from its basis
to it* belt-like circle, with variou* *ort( of atope
inchased in the apirat circles. Next to vvhicli*
there Was upon it n meander of a cubit in hi'iglit;
it was roiiiposed of slojne! of all sorts of colors.
And next to this waa the rod work engmyen;
and next to th&t was a rhonibu^n a texture of
-^ natwork, drawn out td th^ briiihtff the bason,
while amiill shields luiide of atones^^keautiful in
their kind, and of four fingers' deptV filled up
the middle parts. Abyut the top of^ebnson
~ were wreathed the leaves ot lilies, andWii tiie
eohvolvuluB, and tlie temirilsuf viiiea, in a\ircu-
■ lar maiinw. AimI this ,w:!« th» cocatViiclIori of
to the wurkl-o
11.. And Iheac were what gifts were »ent_bjr
Ptfleniy.to Jernauleiii, and -deilicaled to Ciofl
there. Kul when Kleiitnr the high priest had
(h'.volcd them t(>(iod,iiiiilliud puid due respect to
thoie> that brougtit*>flicni, unirhnd givintheip
iveaent* to be carried to tlielking, he diHiiiiiaed
theili. And when they were come to Alexandria,
and rioleiny heard thiit they We/e ceme, nod
that llm seventy elders were come also, he nre^
aenlly aent for Andreas and Arisleus, hia aiiibaa-
aador*, who caine to hitn, uml delivered him tha
epiatlc which they llad brought him from the
high priest, and made aiiswer to all the qui ilion*
he put to iheni by woni {if mouth, lie tin ii made
hnate to meet the elders that came from Jeruaa-
leiu, fiJr the interpreliition of the li»«;«i ond he
gave commaiid, that every b.ody, »viio ruiiie o» .^^
Other occasiona, should be seat away, which wai
a thing aurpriaing, and what he did notuaetodo«
iiir those thut were ilrawn Ihilhcr upon if^ch oe-
easiona used to tome to him on tlie lilih il») , but
ambasaadots at the muntli's eml. But whin he
had aent those aiyfty, he' Mfaited for tlie^ie thift
were lent by VAmtir; but as the old men lunip
in with the presents, which the high Jll>e^t hud
givVn them to bring to thejking. unA with tha
meiiibranea, upon which they' had 'tin ir lawa
written ill goMen letters,* 'he put (Juotionti tu
(belli concerning those liiiokii and wlien the* «
biid taken off thitciovcr* wherein they were wrapt
up, they showed him the ni^liibriines. So th^
king atood admiring thc'thinitesH III' tlioii nnni-
briinea, and the exiii'Aness of tlie'jiiiiituri » , which
conld notlie perl;eived, (so ex'ucliv wiie tluy
connected one. with another:) and tiiis lie did fof„
H considerable' time, lie their »aiil that he re-
turned them thanks for coming to hiiii, .iiid Mill
greater thanks to him lhi)t aent Ibfin; niiil, above ,
all,.to thatOml whose la»v.« they a|ip«>a|id tu be.
Then did the- elderf, and those that were preti nl ""
with th«m, cry out with one v-oice, iihd wished
all happiness to the Ifiiip. Dlii'ii whipli h* fiU
into tears by'tlie violence of (ne pleasuft- he had,
it being natural to iiuin to^ntloid tin- same iiidirn-
tionsin great jov, tliiit liny do under »<)rniw
A'nd when he had bidiU-iilliem deliver the book*
^to those that wcrcjippoiiiled to reciive thf ni, be
saluted the men; and snid, that it vv!i9 but just to
discourse, in the fir-t place, of the errand t!i«qf
were sent about, und Ihen to address biiiiselt to
theinaelvea. )le promised, however, tint he
would make this day on which they came t.i hint
remarkable nnd'eiiHiient 'every jeur through tha
whole course of his life; fir their coming tr hibi,
and th< victory- which he gained over Antic;onu»
by «ca. proved to be uii the very «aiHe d.i.\ 118
• Tlie Talmiiilif Is K\y , ili;it il Is not lawfill to w-ile Via
law in lelfrra of iioliLroiitrnry lathis cerinln niiitvery
ancient exani|ilr.<&ec IIiiilson'saiu| liolnnil's nx'^a hera
% — t
\%
m
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
. AcriirilinKiy nlifiuthrtt
«ilJg«v« itm cUfg* Ihiit (li«y •houMlmve .1- iIh). wrrr ovir. DmiirUiu. lijoklWin, -nJ *"»
cellriil luilKliigi provided fur tlirm iii (hv ay^rt
pari ofthf iil>. . •
> 12. Mow h« Ibm was uppoiolad lo Uk* car* of
^h« r«>t*|tlioo of «{lninaen, Nicanor by mtiiir,
called for Uorollieua, whoH duly it wDti to malm
*0 (TrOviniun lor llinii, aiid bade bilii iiWimVe for
-^'•^-l «»fry on« ol tliriu wliat idiould be ri<jui«ile for
ilitirili^tandwayoflivlnl. Wliirh thiiigwutoi'-
■^ , dared by (he kriiK aftef lhi« aianneri he look
\c«re, thai t|^oi« that belongtd to <very city,
4*h<i:h d^iVnut uiir (he iiiuiv way of living, (lint
■' *U'4liin|i;«''tr)0iild be pr<i»r«d for theiii Hfcordilig
to the^%u>(oiii uf Ihnie that ouiiie to biniithat be-
oytifiiAy of living, they niifibt be the beOpf '
[ileaaed, and nii((ht not be uneaay nt any thing"
done lo thcui, (rom which they were nalnrally
\ averic. And lhi> waa now dont< in the laae ' nl
' thtac men, by Uorntheua, who wn» put into Ihia
^ ^^ , oflKe, bcrauae of lii» great akill in auch ni'atlera
belonging to ojninion life; fyr he look care of
•II auch inatlera B« concrrned the n'ceptinn of
' '• atrangiTl, aJid appointed thjiii «loublc aoata (i/r
■' th«-ni to ait on, aciiirding a» the'king had coni-
inuiidid him to do; fyr he had tomuiandid that
hillf of their acata alioulJ bi' a<fl>ylii» right hftn-
' und th« other hulf brliinil hia lubll and took cure
ovir the rfcua4wi»y aeven furlong*. It waa ■
bank in the v'a, lo an iaiand. Ahd wiien they-
had gone over Ihc bridge, he proreecU-d to Iha
norlheni parla, ami allowed tbeni where they
ahould meet, which waa in a houae that waa
built near thaahore, ami waa a .^iiiet place, jnd
fit for their diacouraing together about their
work. When he had «rmighl them ibilher, ha
entn atecf Ihem, (now they bud all ihiiigK about
them which they *Mled lor the jiitrrprtlulion
of (heir law,)' ihaWliey would auller iiolhiiiK Icr
iiiUriupt (hem in (h««ii'work. A«'cordingly.they
ninde an «iruratB iiiletpretalioH, with great ual
and great paina, anil Ihia Ihey'cohlinued lo do
till the ninth houf of the day; after which time
they relaxed, and liiok care of Ih^ir body, whila
(heir fooil wai prov'idwl for Ihelii in grtat plenty.
Ixaidea. Diirolheua. at the king a command,
brought tUini a great deal of What waa provided
for the king hiiiia«rlf. Hut in the morning they
came to the court and aaliited Htolcmy , and lh<n
w^-nt away to their former place, where, when
lliey had waahed their hiindii.t and purilied theiu-
aelvea. they betook Ihemaelvea lo the interpre-
Ihliiin of the law». Aow when the law waa
tniiucribe.l. ami the labor of iiilcrprelation w»*
over, which ciiiiie to it* concbinioii in aevcnty-
%■
thlalelhiit alew the «dcrili<;ea. and the rea^ that
Ufwd loaay grace; bnt Culled to one iif lliiiae thkl
i^cre coolii to liii)i: wltai«c nanie waa l-'le,ai.nr, who
waa a pVieat,,aftd ileairt'd hiiii lo utty grace,* who
thcnalood m the iimUt of them, 4n(l prayed,
"That all pnoaperity miiglit uttend th^ king, and
' Uioa<^ that '.were bia aubiecta." llnoii which KO
■cclavialidn waa iiiBde', l>j* IBe whols compHiiy
with joy aijd a gr<'»t Hojiie: and wheif (hat waa
over, ^hey fcll to eiiting. thtii- »up|)et, Jnd to the
ehjuynienlfof what win act before tbeiii. And at
a littl^ interval afterward, when the king-thoaght
■ aufficien^ time had been inler(loard, hie begufl
, to talk philoaaphicnlly to IheHi, anil he naked
! every one of them a philoaouhiral (pic»tion,t ahd
tuch a one aa mlght^'give li|;IIt in Ihoip iOquiriea:
and when they had expltitiied ill the probliiiia
that had been proimaid bj'- the king, a.boiit every
nginl, he W«a well pleaaed with (htar aiiawer*.
Thia look up tire Iwclvj! jliiya lii which they were
rratf'd: ami be Ihiil plea.ti'a iimy lenri\ the iKir-
uealiona ill tliiit iio(jk ot AriateiH, wliicli
, 'iJlfbn Ihia vtry oCciiaion.
13. Anitjvhilirncit the king only ,.but Ihlp phi-
laopher .Meiieileiiiiia nUo, admired tfieni. mid . , .
,liHt ujl'thintfii were governed by I'rovi- f itindc mention of It.'
ami tftt it' waK iirdbable .thaj llience it
bia propoaaj, aa the inventor of what waa grealty
foi' their happineaa; and (hey denred (hat h«
«voulil give leave to their rulera al»o to fenil the
law. -Moriover, they all, both the prieala and the
anciinleat oflhf elder»,-»nd the pniicii id men
of their comiiioiiweiilth. made il^ their reijueal,
that aiiire the ililerprelution wua^ happily hiiiah-
ed, it might continue in the atate it m.w Wa»,ana
inight not bo altered. And when they i(ll OOtti-
ill.^ld«•^l lliat determination of theira, they '«n-
,„, ^^t auch force and iie'ii»tVW>«» discovered in
Iticac jijen'a Worila,'' they then left dff aakuig
■ay more auch <pieationa. Uut the kiiig fiiidt
that he had CTim^d' yery grejtt Bdvnnla|;ca by
their coining, lor that he Imd receised thia prolit
from theni. that he had lerirned how he oiight to
rule hia-aubjc;la. An»l he gave order that they
ahould have evi^ry one three talents given tlifin,
and that thoae that were to condiict,tiieiii^a> their
•T'hii» i« the moat nnr lent cinmpic Hmvo met wllllvi,^^ .
ofn^rnre,or»hort|irn.ver,6rlliniika»iyiiiR,,lie(i)rcnu>i»trMendln([
wliii-h. ii« it UB<-d lb W aalil I y II Jiej!Jj»u»-pTW". "»"
' 'i .prfeftTwIio waa one of
tb.ira, that when the thing wna judged lo have
I n well done, it might oonlinue for ever. _ ■
, 14. So the king rejoiced, when he aaw (hal hi«
deaignof thia nature >vaa llrought to perftniim
10 »o grfat advantage; and he waa chielly de-
lijjhied wi|h hearing tlie lawa n ad to linn, ami
Wfxn Hslnnislied at the. deep mcaiinig and wisdom
of the legislator Ami he began to discoiirae
with -Demekrina, " HoW it came to pa^a, thai
when ihia legialnlion waa ao womlerfiil, iW^ne.
eitber of the iioeta or of t'.ie hiatori ma, faiil
tlonpfit." Dniielrifta made answer,
that- "mi one diirat he ad bold as lo touch upon
the description of theae laws, liccsiiiae lluy were
<liviiie niiil venerable, and because fonie that had
■iltilnpiid it were aftlicted„by (iixl." He also
tobi him, that " TheopoiApus was dcaiioua ol
wvrt'mg aoniewhat about them, but wna
nppn dialUrbedin liia nvi'nrt for al)ove''— ^
• libie; and upon aohie jntermiyiafrrtl
p«r, he a^peaaed Ugd |by praver,] aa v>«P<«""B
IhBt bia uiadj>e«S pn.cee;ted i'rom »»'" ' ''"^i^'
now aaid by i;:enr.nr, a Jewiall .
tlioao wivemy lij'o iiiliTprrters. - The next exniiiu't I
luivciiiet Willi iailiatof llie Ksseuca, Of (he Waf.V ii.
ch. viil. »i!rt,,r,1i«lli iMifore anil after it ; tlinse of our
Baviiiiir.(ier6re II. Mark viii. <i ; Joim vi.*ll,2:i. anil s"!.
, Ana xxvii u. nail a lorin Of Hue 11 n L'tlii'e or
, er for Clirijstlaiia, at i|ie end of* tllfi llfth liook of
Apoatollcal Coii»lUulio.n», wliichacernalo have been
taieddcd for both tioun. both befoie and aftef uicit.
■■/;.■;;■
that (|ia iiiai]j>e«S' prii
Jrwere rather polilii-'fti qucsliona ami nnawcra,
[lolliagood and rcllfiioua iioveruniciii uf mau-
V'rirta niirilirnllon of (lie inlerpretera, hy waahlna in
llS »eji;,lcli)rotbev prayil l<i«o<l. every ihorninif.nn^
licforelli»7aeinfioiitlr«nala(liiv,muybccompiri'ilwiti
■ he like pranice of Feler (he ainisili;. In the rcroznl-
ihina of Clement, b.iv.rh. lii.aiHl l..v.eh, xxxvi.and
Wil l i (lie ul an n of ilie I' ra acuf hie , or of p rayer , w h ifh
were abmctiiHca Imill near the sen Or rivera alao. Of
wliicji mailer, k« Anliq. b. ilv. chap. X. »«t. IW. ani
-Acta xvi.> 13, 16. . i
ur':0
*ir
%
BOOK XIL^IfAPw Ut.
th* li
»il
Nm, indtMl. h« furtlMr mw in ■ilrrini, lli»l hit
dl>l«ni|H!r brfrll him whiU h« intlulgrti loo gr»»t
■ curiotily ulioia <livin» iii»««t«, ■nil »»«• n»il-
Hiii» of puljlliiliinr Hi«m •nioiig toimmin nirn;
%H mtira \m left off t\m{ .U. ru|.l. he r«''>v"
W«uiiil*r«UnHin(jn«in. MorioviT.hsinforiiifa
hliii of Tb«oiltcl»i, the' lr»gie poet, fi iitrrning
whom it >»"• rr(«)rt«il, that whm "" » c«rt»iii
dnmktic reprt*iiit«liun. h« wil <lnirim»iom»k«
uiantian of thiii(;» Ihiit were cootaiiifd in the »••
cr*U booki, he wm afflicted with » <l«rtn«i« in
hi( eyei; and that upon hit Im'IIir riittafioii* of
Um Kexuimn of hi< <li»ltiiii«T. anil apixaimg
Uo<l hv prav«r.] I'e ««• f"«il from tiiat »fflnlmii.
16. And wh.n the kinjc had r^eelyVd lliew
book! from Denielriui. n> we have laid already,
h*' adored them, anil gave o^1ler that great care
tbould be taken of them, that tli.y nnglit re-
ia»(n uncorrupted. lie alio dA.ireil thut the in-
lerpretert woidd come often to him out of Judea,,
•Dd that both on account; of the r< i>|wcl) that ha
would pay them, and un accouiit of ibe preiriiii
be woald make them: for he laid, "it w»» >V'>w
but inttto tend them away, although, if of their
own accord they Wduld come to nipi herealler,
they Ihoulil obtain all that their »wn y>"™»
might iuitly require, and what hit genero»iljr
waa able to give them." So he then oent Ihcin
■way; and guv* to every "onti of them three gar-
nienti of the but iiorl, and two talenld of ^Kold,
and a cup of the value of one talent, and tiA fur-
niture of the room wbcreljKthej' were feaiOj'd.
Anil theae were the thinE» h« pr< tented to tlftm-
But by them he lent to Kleaiar, the high priest,
ten bcd«,jwith feet of ailver, and the furniture to
them belonging, and a cup yf the value of thirty
talenti; aud benidea tlieae, ten garmenla, and pur-
ple, and a very beautiful crown, aftd a hundred
piccct of the lineat woven linen; at alto viaU
•ni^ithet,' and vesteli, for -ootfring, and two
SoiBeii cintwns to be dedicated lo God. He alio
ctired him, by- an epistle, that fee would give
theie interpreter! leave, ifhny of thlaii were <le-
■iroui of coming to him, becaute be highly valu-
ed ■ conversation with men of luch learning; and
tbould be very willing to lay out |ii» wealth lipon
inch men. 'And this was what canie^o the Jewi,
tnd wat much to their glory uud honor, front
,Ptolemy Pbiladelphua. ,
• CHAP. lit. n
How theKingtofJitia KtHortd 'the JTalion nf
(Ae Jeict, and Made them Ciluetu tf thott
CitU$ vhieh Ihtybmlt. .^
> 1. Thb Jew* also obtained honor* from the
kimct of Asia, when they^lrtcaiiie their auxilia-
that Vetpuian and Tilot bit M» f» •
verned the habitable eartti. pr«jrlhat lh<i« prTvl. , ,
leMtAfciliiena wlKht'be taken away, they did
nut obtain their rr(|ue«t. In wH^i'li bebiivior '
any oiia may ditcrrn tlm eiiwlty and geiierotllf
of 'the Rouians,+ espri'ially of Viapastlin add Tl»
tus, who, although llmjr had bren at a great d«»l
of paint in tlw war aKainit the J«w«, and wer»
eiasperated ai^aintt ihein, bicauie fhry did not
deliver up their weapons to them, hut ijnliiiued .
the war to the Airy lust, yet they ilid u.it tak«
away any of theiV lorrnientioned privileges b«-
'V"14'"8 '" thenrat riliwm, but restrained Iheif
ahger; and overcame the prayers of the Ab'Vlll*
driaiM and Auti.x hinns, who wrfe a very powtf- .
ful people, insomurli lh,il they I'id ii.it yii Id la
them, niither out of tl.eVi' favor to thoia peiiplt,
tior out of their ijd grudge af those jthosc wick- .,
ed opiM»itlun they bad tulvjued in the War; ttot
would they alle^ any of the, ancient fuvor*
■ranted to tb« Jews, but said, thai iliose who ^
had borne amn aeaiHst them, and f»ii!^ht tlieiu,
had sulTered punisliinent already, and tMI it wa*
not just to deprive IhuKe that had not uU'endea-
of the privilege* thejreiijoytd.
2. yVe alto know that Mnrciit Agrlppn wnt oi
the like disponition loWardt the Jews: fftr *»heB
the people ot Ionia were very aiigrv at lliein,
and besough*- Agrippa that they, iiml lh«y only,
might haw! thote jirlvilegt^t of citiiens which .
Antiocbw< the grantUon of Seleucus (who by
the (Ireeki wat colkd ' the god,) hail bettowed _
on them; and deiired that il the JeW« werf; to
be joint partakert with thefti, they might be
obliged to wortllip the gotii th.y tbemielve* •
worshipped: but when, the»e niatten '••■'• .
brought to trial, the Jewt prevailed, «nd obuin*
ed leave to make uie of their own customt, and
Ihit uiidcr the palrimage of Niicolau* of Daniat-
cds^ for Agrippa gave tenieiicii, that lie eduM
not innovate. And if any one hatb a mind ta
know thia matter accurately. M hiiii ueruse th«
hnndfcd and twenty-third undimndreduiid tWieu'
ty fourth book of the historj of this Nicolaui.
Now, at to (hit deteriMliiatiin of Agrippa, it ii
njt lOimuch to be admired, for at tliii time our
nation bad not made War agninn* the Ruuiani.
■V 11 t . :. 1.1.1 -, ,1... ».«..«>.■, iM
kiiiM of Alia, when thet-b«came their auxilia- ria. tun.;re.i grea ly. anu "^^ ■•""."",,;", ■"'
ri«- for sJ eurutiiSMnade them citiilnt in harat-ed: for wbi* he wa, al war Wl«h «?'''V
Aote citieTwMrThe built in A.ia; and in the Philopater. and y ith hw ton, who wa, ""W Kpi-
uTer siria, and in the metropolis iltelf, Anti- phany, it fe 1 out. that thete "*'><>»* "'J^/V'^n
JS»%'ap"i them privilegl^viquul to th«.e^oT y '""r.^' ''°|.'' *.''*" Jh^J";jr;:;i '."l^vZ
tCe Mnce'Soniant and fcreekS, who were the "in- be beat the others •»*';'"'*? ^f*;^ th^wavM
liabitanls insomuch that thete privileges con- to « 'hip in« ttorm. which is ^»!'*'-y.''^* "?»'?•
linue to this very day: an nrKanient for which on birth siflet; and lint thus were Ihej m^heir
vou hive ii this? that whereat^the Jew, do not Sitqation.in the mi<f<l.le between Ant.ocj.ui. pro|K
Lake iite of oi prepared by li^reigneri.* .they perity and it. change toi.dverj.y. But at length.
Jl^t^rt^ltMnU^f mo^^.tbe pW.J^ ^n
officcrt belonging to their eicrcitet u..the value
of that oil; which mone^. when the people of
y^tiocli wouldiia\e deprived them of. .n the la.t
wSr, Muoianqs. who »yu» then pret{dedt of iw-
ria, pre.trvtd ?l to them. , And when the peopli
• The ute of oil wna much crcnier, and the donar
tlvet of It iiiucliinore vnlunble In Judea and the n«lgh-'
fcorini foiintriea limn It It ainonfat iit.^ It was_ alao )n
v>.
nation iiaii iiwi .,.■•«"- -»-• ..R.v"-^ »."' •— ' — 7"
Hut one may well beattonithfd al,tliegeneru.ity
of Vtsuasian and Tilut, thul after ao great War*
and contest, whicih they hail from litjibey tbould
use tuch moderation. But I will jMpiAurn to
that part of my liittory Whence I iin:\de the pre-
lent digo'tsion. V . i . - .
3. Now it h»p|)ened. that in the feign ol An
tiochu, the (ireat, who ruled-overall Asia, that
the Jews, as Well as the inhabilanis of Cieloiy-
ria, Buffijreil greatly, and their land wat -toreljr
wiuTii miiiw.-iiu» "».. ". . -jieniy, -. -
upon Judea; and when Philopater Wat deail, hi.
ton iient out a great army under Scopat, the ge-
neral of hi* force,, against the inhabitants of
Cwlotyria, who ^ook many of their ciliet, and in
particular our nation,, which, when -he fill upon'
ria i>re«,.rvtil It to Intnl. Ana wnen ine neopic p«iui.uioi ^^u. .■»•. — ,-•; ;, " .. , ,' _
of Alexandria and of A..tioch did afur tllat.^iithem, went over, to him. Yet wa. ,t not long:
b. II. chap. x»l. i«ct. 8; the Lih of Jo«phu«,*cl.'
13; and lludaoii'a note on tlie plare liefore ns. ^
tTliis. and lire like ureal and Jiitl f hafiirlett of th«
fcnrino Voiintriea limn It la amongst iit. It wa. also )n t,l lil«, ana lire iiaa urco. .mu j..-. '"'"■"•'"'""''
SI XrofW^a tt'ollKlit unlawful for Jewt to ; Juitireand.quUy and tcnerosl.y "f •''•«"» "SJll^
Ii!k«^,'2^ofanVoilll.alwa.premTedbyheathcn«,p|.r- loth lo the Jew. and other (-onqucredniilloni. afford u«
roakeuwofaiiyoi;iMai"»''i;' i„. " y^.__,„^_i.;^ ; ,^, ,„„.„„ wtiv Almlflitv «od. anon tile re-
haw; o,7ti<-ou i il of to li ie t u pen nllto ii* thi c r ml iyl with ! a very yw »il re^ ^ ^ ^ ^
iSOTepi'rition by ihmio heathen.. When therefore the i-..ioi.of .tieJcw,fi«th.
naathent were to make them a donative of oil, they
paid tbcta money iuttend of il. Bee Of the War.
lection of ttie Jew, for their wlrkedne«.,clioiw lliemlDr
hi* pediile, and I'irsi eslalilithed Chritiianily in that
empire. Of whioh mailer wee Jo*ephu8bere,MCl.3:»a
■UbAnliq.b. x.v.cb.x.aect.!B,S3;b.fvl.ch.U Mct.4.
«.
{
7:
"^,'
%.
'N
ANTIQUITIta or TUB jgwi.
■AarwwM wH«« Aaltorkut oimmm* Heoft, in
• batlla fiiUKhl tt iha diuiiUiiia of JoriUii, *iMl
nan), wdaii Anliuvhu* •uImIuhU Ihua* cillct ol
Caloayria, which hco|i<ii had lutun intu hi> poi'
■anion, aacl Siuiiarik wilh iricm, lh« Jaw* <>l
Ikair vwn >ccunl went uvtrto him, aotl r«e«iy«u
him into (ha I'll) I^JaruwUiii,] and rava pirntilul
pcavialoo to alf hia army, ami to hi* •li'phaiili.
■D<l-ra«lil> attiMcil him nh«n hff b< •irgrtl Iba
Mriiauu whith wai in tha iKuilt-l o( JcruMlam.
Whcrafura Auliuchuf Ihoughl it liul Juit lu r<i-
quila Uia Jowa' diliKciica and xal in hi> aervica:
Ml ba wrola <u.,llia ginvriiU of hm arnilct, and lu
hia fri«nd>, mid rmvc ti»timoiiy (u the goud be-
harior of the, Jewa toward) liiiii, and lufunuad
thanrwbal rewardi ha had rvaolvtd 1» bcalowun
Umu (u^ IhalT Ihair buhavior. I will ut down
Sraiintly thu apiitlea (haniaclvct, which h« wrota
> (ha g<'H«mla coiictrnjiig (haul, bul will tint
produce the tcitttnuttiea 111 Pidybiua of Magulo-
polia, lur lhu< doca ha niiaak in (ha ■ixtcenth
book of hia hi»(ory! "Kow Scopai, tha ganeral
of rtolamr'a arluy, «*tnt in haata to tha luiH-riur
imrl* h( (fiB country, and in the winlsr tinia
overthrew the nation of lh« Jawi. H« alio aaith,
if the Mine book, that when Scopaa waa coa-
quarad by Antiochut, Aiitiochua rtcrived Uala-
jiaa and ijaiuuriit, and Abila and tiadura; and
(bat. a while aflrrwanl, tlura cuiiii: in to liini
titoaaJewi (hu( inhiibitcd naur (hut laniulu which
Wut c*llrd' Juruaaleiu, concBrning which. .aK
thuugn I liavf luoru to lay, and particularly con-
cerning the praat'iica of<#i<>il about (hat temple,
*•( do I put 00 that hiilory till another oniwrlu-
ql«J,." Thia it ia which Polybiua rtlatea. Hut we
frill return to the aerica of (he hia(ory, when we
have fira( produced (he rpixlea of king Antio-
ebua: "kiu^ Andochua to Ptoiriny, lendeth
greetiog! aiuw: (he Jewa, upon our fintUjntraiice
oo their country, deninnalratad (heir fri^dihip
lowarda ui; and when we came to their city [Jk-
ruMlem,] received u* in u ii)ilrndid niauncr, and
came to uicit ua with (heir aeiintr. andgave
mbuadance or prpvinioua (o our tot lier*. nw (o
the elephanta, ajUl joined with u» iji*jeCMfig;lho
Sarriton of the Egvptiant that were in (he cita-
•I, we have (houg'h( lil to reward them, and to
rctriieva the condition of theii^ city.whicli hath
> . -. _aI .1 . k-a..J h.u •••oil uf>f*t(luaila KB
I bavar Imcm i arriarf tWijr, *H tr* Waiii* •(•¥•«.
wr grant thriu mid Ihnr ihildrrii thfir fr»rdoiiij
anil give orde( that iJieir aulMaiu'e ba rralorad
to Uiem." . ., , .
4. And theia ware l^a eonl«ita nf thii a)ilall«.
lie alao publiahed a decree. lUruugh all hia king-
diiq*. ill liooor of (lie- Iriiiula. which CMUHiaad
what folloWii •• It .hall 1m- lawful f.ir no ti.mgn-
er to come wi(hin the limilt of Ihe Iroiplif, round
about; which thing ia fufbjdden alMiloAhe Jtwa.
uiilr^ (o (hoaa who, according to (hcif own cut-
dim, bave purified (liriiiaelvra. Nor l> ( any lliah
of hor»e«, or of Miili'k tir of aaaea, bo brought
in(o (ha ci(>,.wh«thiV(hey lie wild or Uiiiej nor
baoii grrad] depopula(ed by audi accideiitt aa
hava bafalk I ita inliabilanta, and to bring thote
that have teen acattered abroad back (o (be_ci(y
tUa» U«»i; k<:^» *«.««vci<.u «u.w,>- -"^ ^ rf-
And. in Ibe firat place, we have de(erniined, on
•ceouiit of (heir pie(y (owardt Ood, to beiituw on
then, at a prnkion, for Ihiir aacriliceii of uiiiniala
that ar« fit for aacrifice, for wine, liad oil, and
fraukiiicente. the value of twenty tbouiatid piece*
of tilver, and [tix] tacred uMubne of fine Hour,
with one thoiitand four hundred and aixty ine-
tiliniiii of wheat, and lliri# hundred and acvrnty-
-Ivc inedimni of tult. And these piiynientt 1
ikould. have fully paid them, at I have tent or-
dcra "tl^ you. I would alto have the. work about
toe teniple iioiahed, and (he cloitifcrt, and if
then! be any thing elae that ought to be rebuilt.
Anil for the niateriaU of wood, let it l}c brought
tbe'ni out of Judea ilaelf, and out of<the other
couotritia, and out of Libanua, tax freoi- and the
aanie I >would have obaerved a» (o (Dpae other
nlaterialt wlijcti will bo heceitary, in order to
render the temple mora glorioua. And let all of
that DB(ibn live' according to the law* of their
own country ; and let the teiiale and (be priesti,
■nd the tcribet of the temple, and the taored
tingera, be diachorged from poll-money and the
crown tat, and other taxca alao. And that (he
ci(y may the touncr recover ita iiilial)itantt» I
grant a diicharge f rom tttxen fo r thr e e yean i o
Itt preten( iiihabi(anti, nnd to auch at thall conic
1 <to it, until the mimth Hyperberetaeua. We alao
I aiaibarge them for the future froiiiathird part
of their taxca, that the loaiei they have tuitain
that of Iriiiwnit, or'foirt, or haret, and, in gene-
ral, that of anv aniiiiarwhich ia forbidden lor the
Jewt to eat. Nor Irt (heir .kinabe lirouglK in(o
i(i nor )«( any aiich aiiiiiinl lie lired uii in (he nly. .
I, el them only be p«rin"ilud (o uae tlif »acr|lli-et
ilorivnl from their furt falhi r», with whivb they
bava been obliged (o fllliki' acceptable atone-
man(t (o (iod. Ami lie that tmn«gieaaeth artv of
Ihete ordtra, let him piiy to Ihe prieata three
tiiouaaud dtachiiiai of ailvvr." Moreover, tliia
Ajltiochua bare (utimouv to our piitv and fide-
IKy, in. an epiatle of |iia, written when he wat
iuiorined of a tcdition in I'brygia and Lydia, al
which time he wat in the tuperior provimea.
wherein he comiiialided /eiixia,. the peiierMl of
hia (iircet, and hit moat intiiiiatu frieiid. to tend
aiiiiie of our nation out of Itabylou into rbry-
gia. The epiatle wn» thia: " King Antiochut to
Zeuxit, hit Mther, tciiili th grtitiiig: If )o« «f«
ill health it it well. I alto aoi in health. Having
been informed that a aeililion ia arincH in I.ybia
and I'brygia, 1 (boiiulK (hat matter riquired
great caw; and upon iidviaing with my fritmU
what waa fit to be done. It hath biert thought
proper to remove two thouaaiid familiea of Jewt,
with their elTectt, out of Metopotaniiu and Baby-
lou. iinio the cutllet nnd plave«(hii( !!•■ uiim(coii-
ver inti for I am p.rtuadcil tiial they will be
vitii-iliapoacd gvanliuna of our poaacaaioii-; bc-
cauae of their piety towardt (»od, and be< juao I
know that my predeceatort have borne wilneta
to thrm, that tiny are faithful, and with aim lily
do what they are deaired tot.do. I will there-
fore, though it be a laboriout work, that thoa
remove tlieie Jewa, under a prouiiae. that they
ahallbe permitted to uae their own lawt. And
when thou ihalt have brought them to the placet
forementioned. thou thalt give every one of their
faniilien a place for building their bouaea, and a
portion of land for their hutbandry, and for the
lilantution of their vinet; and tliOu thalt dit-
cbarge them from paying taxet of the froiti of
the ecrtit fw ten yeara; and let them have a pto-
per quantity of wheat for the maiutenam'e of
their nervunta, until they receive bread-corn out
of the earlh; alao let a tulticient ahnre be givea
to auch at miniater to them in the nccestariet of
life, that by enjoying the effecfa of our huoianity.
they may ahjw themtelvet the more willing and
ready about our affairs. Take care liken iae of
that nation, at far ai thou art able, that they may
not have any disturliaoce given them by unf
onc.^" Now theae teatihioniali wbl<;h 1 have pro-
duced, are luflicient to declare the frieudthip
that Aotiocbua the Great bare to the Jewa.
CHAP. IV.
flow ,^n/iocAu« mode a LtaffUt viith PMimy;
andhfiv) Oniat ffoooktil Plultmy Euer/ftteitv
AiiiCtr: and how Joitph brought aUJhinict
tight a/fain, and tnitred into Friendihip witk
him; and what other thing* were done by Jo-
ttph and hit ton Ui/rcanui,
.5 1. After thit, Antiochut made a friendtblp
and a league with Ptolemy ; anij gave him hb
daughter tJleopatra to wife, and yielded up to
Of their taxei. that the lottettney nave tuaiuiii- him Caeloayria, and Smiiaria, and Jiidea^ and
•d niay be »«pa»red. And all thote citiuoi that tPhceoietl. by way of dowly. And upon the di-
HOOK XII.-CIIAP. IV.
PioUmy;
ueriftteito
aU,lhinj($
Ithip mtk
>ne by Jih
TiiVr N .w .1 thi. Ii«i. «li. N »,iunt wrrr In h.vi«g .l.mi. hilu ..»» h.ri... fi,r 'h .1 h. *••«'»••»
1 iiuiiiKiiMii^ ^ _ __^ ^ ^^_^_ |__ I ___^j ,,.,„. roniiuiiii U|mn Ihr viiiin| iiinn, (hul h« (IH|><»MO
biilll thr kiiiK unil lii« wifi' (.'lro|iiilm In «».• •
JfW", riilliii(f oflf imrU of thvir Imiil, •iwt rnrry-
inc oir iliivM. liii* hjpiwnnl whrn 0«b« »••
high nri»«l| fc'ir •flrf fj. !i«i.r« cli.«»li, hm unrh
MiinnWh look |h«prir«lh..<Hl, niiil, •ftfr he h«tl
«ii.l«l hi« lilV. OniM rrr. IVi'l ItiM dlknUy. H'
«H llir "'Ml iif Siiinrti, who wm rilliil tW) Jiul,
whi'-h Simon wm thr hrolhrr of Kl<«««r, •• I
nil) hefiirf. Thi«<)iii(i« wii» iiIM' of a \\X\U uiul,
•nil • |tf*<>« Uitrpi Mionry i nnil fur Ihiil ri-mon,
b«ran<i« hf iliil not (wy thr Un of «»»• i>«y l«!"l»
of illvrr, wliuh hit f«r»ifiilti'iT» phiil !•> O'f*"
kinRt oul of thfir own •••tiilr", hn jirovi.kril kinn
I'toli'iiiy KiiiTp;Hit lo •ngir, who wu« Ihr futJMT
of rhil'in«l<r. l''.utT((e«i'i irnl an •mlmMwIor to
JcruwCrm, anil <oiiiiiliiiii»il ibnt'Oiimn iIhI not
pay hi> lii»»«^ »ntl ihrmH-ni-iI. thnt if li<' 'Ril *»''«
mrivr th»nl, hr would illK' ^100 thrlf Idiitl,
■ml •mil loMirfi tii lim tipon it. When Ihr
Jrwi liiKril llii» infi«'ni;«- of ttic kinK. thiy wrrn
confoumli-d'; but «> •ofiliilly covflom <m»% Oiimii,
(but nnthinR of thin iirttuw maile Mm inliniiuo-
2. Thorr w«t how oni- Jowpli, yomiK in Wf,
hnlofjirtat rcpulnttiMi nnionX tlic p^onlr of Jr-
riiluUm, for (frufllv, pniilini-r, nml juntirr. I»i«
fo»h« r'i n»iu»i wiK Tiil'inn'; *"<! hit motlii-r wiij
the »i»l«rot OnU» IIk- ''•«•• ("'•••«• who inloniiifl
him of «h« romintr "f thr iflnhmnnilfir ; for lit!
WM lh«n ioiviirninp; at i> villiiR'' n'lniMl I'liirol.
where he wii'< horn.* \\i reii|"in lir enme lo Ihii
filv [JtiruiiiliiOil mill reproviil OiiiM* fur not tic
' kiiiK c»r» of thi' prcM-rTBlion of bin cuuntr) ini'ii,
biit brinHinK the nation into ilaii((iri, liy niil'p»t-
inc (hia nioni-y. >'or, which pr«orvi«(ioii nf
th'iii. h<^ toM him he hail rM-<<i»e<l thr autbunty
OTerthini, ami had bern iu«.l>- hiRh print: hm
that in call' he wa« »o (crrni a lover of powy
•• t>> eiiilure lo nee hr« niiililry in iliiA|C<T oirllinl
mullitiiJ'' toltetber to B conniejt t.on. anil •»-
hnrleil Iheiii not to b«-|li«ti*rbiifcor aflriKhHO lu-
eauM of his unrle Ooiaii's <av«!li>p»np««, mil i!c-
tind t'leiM (o be «l reM, ami not (erriCy thnn-
(ilvea with feariibout U; for he prortiiie-l thiiii
thirt liewiib'itbetlifirainlmwiilortcithekiifcniiil
p<r«un.!e biin llist Ihev hail ilone biin no wronjr.
An I when the innltituilt' hunnl ihis^Aliev rleliirii
o|Mlni .
kiiiiin«M (or' him lief're he rami . Ho Jo«»pt«
•enl to hi« frirniU iit MaOiaria, ami lM>rrow«o
money of tlterti, ami got ready what w»t nec«»-
»ary for bla joiirnry, «ni»*nt>, an4 «!iip«. ••»«
heaila for" burden, wbieh •JuoiinlMl t» about
Iwnnly Ihoomnd drai'hiiii*. IUkI went to Alei-
■miria. Now it h«|.iM-iied. thai at thI. lime all
the prinriiHil ineil ami rulrra went up out of tha
citMt of Syria and rh.»ni<i«. to hid for their
laxea; for every year the km^ aold them to tha
m<n of the ((realikt (Kiwer in every rily. Ho
Iheae men »«w ^mejih loiirn«'yln([ on tha way,
•ml Inofched at him lor hU poverty and meaiiMW.
Hut whrn hreamelo AleHaiidria.awl heikrUtkai
'king I'lolniiy wh« at Maniiihn, be went up thi-
ther to meet with him, which hamiened *« tha
kins warailting in bin chariot, with liia wlf«n and
wilK hU friend AthMiion, who wai the very
pirioii who hml^ bcft aiidianador at Jerusalem,
and been enli rtnin.il livJowph. A»ao»n thera-
fiira'a* Altieniiiii "uw liiiii, lie preMally niada
him k:io«vn to lh< kinn, how pwA and_Keiieroua
a younn m«n be tViit. %> I'Hilem.v iiiluti il him
flmt, BiiiWleiilrei\ him to coino up-int.i hu cha-
riot; .'lid ii«Jo«i'|ili nal there, he iieijim t"'"""
pliiin of llie niaiinKi'iiienl of Oniaa, To which ha
amitvfri'd, I'oiKivr him, on atrouflt of hit •«•. •
for thoii cwiiit not Ctrliiinly be unariiUBinl»a
with iMi, thai ol I men and infant* haV« their
miiiil« tXBitlv ftliKe; but thou ihalt have Iroro
««, who •«• "»iiiinir m.n, every thinij thou da-
pflrnt, and ifialt have ni cnu«<' to compbiiil.
With tlii» |t"Oil hiimiir and nl.M«iintry of tha
yuuiijc iilnn thr Liiip; waa to dillKhted, that h«
lir;>ui "Ireiiilv, an thmiKb he had huiR e\iw-
rii'lii'e "< mWi •" hiive 11 »till (trenleradictmn for
!.•... :...!. "..\. I. ,1..., k.; I....U I.',,., <i>ka liU lliel IB
An I When mc muimuiii' niitni >iii!iiAi";.> iic, - - ■- " ' ' , i\i... ,,...„„„„, hi- au il ha
*l tl„mk. to Jp»eph. .So ho w*nr.low.[from ;b.ou.i.e ilausmeoMlM^ ri^^^n^^^^^^^
hin'/and jold him that hew,?«ld .oon foil ,i.hi,n. 1 «..,<l.v, I wi" l?'»r •"'=*' •*^""">' ""' "^•* "^
jiir ne wa» now nwrv »*iii,iirt *w 1," *■» i*»m ">"^
Vy thi. encounJpi nn-ot of the ambaanadiit, wh
•arne'tly perijialed him to 6>nie into Kftviit
and prOHi^ed liiin thnt be would take Cafe tlir
he alioul.l obtain every thine tl.at he ilrnlri'd <
Ptolemv. for he wa/ hijthrv ,.lea,ed wi ;h hia .bull I e •...r'i','.v "'^ "'"." ''"V^IL T'l l.im";hi
^':;i;:.^,4d temper,;mUi.b the^raity of ;ho.^
\. .Jri. i.i.'i ..'^ .b.i..;v.».L.> nr.i <•.»>■> intn nwc* hire Wll » "ori: K^""' to IHOIO Hint raiii*
L»
1 CKdie Ifieij^ht thouinnil tidenti.
Hrix'lhioii .Ii.wVh accuitd thebKhlim, aa having
ii((I»mI tiiKillie* to enliinale the value <»«[>•
ttine« III f»<> low \nile; lUld he promited, that ha
wonl.l hira«ell>i»\ I'vice ai niufb fiir them; lint/
for Ihnie wha di.l\ » it pay, he wmild "end tha
kiuL'lliiff whole Wtnice: lor tliia privileKa
win told iuRCthcr With the ttt«e« tbcmMlvct.
Tl e kill" v>* pl>»V'' '" *"'"'■ '**"' """'■• """
^^^
i.«r«/iii» eood an) reiipon»Vl)le, and which yoa
ib ill ha>^ "no Tiit-oi to ili»tJ\u»t. Aiul whe.i ha
biidebiiii-nnine theiii, who tl>W were, he rf plied,
I give liiee no olhir |ier«i>ii!ij, O kin-;, lor injr
luri tie., than ttivwil nod ibi.lhy wife; "'1 yo"
ahull I e •II nil ly" fur both partW. S.1 rtolemy
3 When l(oleniy'anh«bii»«HHorwa»cimetato prece Hire wiih i.iir« c^ujI
till, pla.'e, /■*.r«Ma .l»i»eyv-«mc te tfep-are of tUt >;|''^»''»j;;W,Vp3j2»£^
ihlefVaptalrtof AWiiie'erli'/li«i«l,ln aeemnio baVS beei« In the louth |iaU or raMtllM, •■
mm, (ien. >il.ll3,andinlgtrtpaiiihly Ihatwaa. l<
•Tha iinnie
wHh that »r
tbadayaof '
If
th»
Abraham,
m-
/■
•r
ANTlgiMTtt^ OP TUB JEWS.
froM IM eilkt IMt f-tJV*- ">>)<> "•— Xl*''
inM|ipi>ir!adi awi iHf. rtlarnMl afary um t'
UMir owii •ouplty <nlh iham*.
i. Hut JkM'ph I >iik with him <wn thnuNnd
foiil tuldicn iraiii lh« king, hit h« dotrwl h«
Mifhl hiiv* lutiia aMiitiiar*, In onlar la furea
tw-h ai wara rafractory tn ihacKtaa tu uaji. AmI
burrowing o' Iba htag't fritml* al Alviaatlria
Cfa hunarml laltnla. ha niaila haala l<»^k ta-
to 8yrta. And whan ha araa at Aakrlun, and
daMantlad Iha (atca of Iha |iau|>la uf Atkalon,
Ikay r«fuM<l t» |wjr anv Ihing; ami alfrnnl*)!
kiiu alaii' iipMi whirh na Mi>«d upon about
Iw«at5 nf tha prlwifal maq, and ilaw lh»ni. ami
■aiharad what Ihay bad (o^rlhar, and wni it all
la lh« king, and inrnriiird hiiii whal ha baildiinc.
I'loirmy atlnilrad Ihn iiruilfiil rnniluii of lha
man, and r.oniniandad hint fur what ha had dona (
and rata biui laaira (u do aa ha piraaad. Whan
tha Hjrfiana bMI<l of Ibii, lb«y wrrr ■•toniiht'il ;
mhI hating halbrr ibani il Md rianipta in <ha
man uf Aikrlon that ware tUin. Ihrjr oiwnrd
thair laUa, an<l willinKl/ admitlaii Joifuh, and
paid inair taiaa. Ami when lh« inbahiianla of
ScjrlbopolU at(amptad to alTlruui hiiii, and would
not pajr hliii Ihoaa ik\t* which ihay furinarljt
■•«d li> pay. without dli|iiitinK about Ihrni, ha
alaw alao Iha primlpal nirn of that city, and uat
Ihrir rlTrcU to ihn king. Ky thja nieana h«
gatharad graat waatth tiigi'lhar, and riwIji vaal
galni hjr lliii fanning of tha taif a: and ha mad<r
UN of what rMatr lin bud ibua goltrn, lu urdar
to lupiKirt hia Hi)lh<irity,,n> thinking II a \tirir of
{irudince to krfpwbul hadlx'rn Iha wcaiionand
nuRdatinn of bit pratrnt good fortune! and Ibii
ba di<l by th« aulatanrn of what ha waa alraady
poa^eaaad of, for ha iirivat«ly tanl many pronili
kiiiK.and totUrofmlm.and liillu'ir fritniU,
•ndloailthatwitra|H>werrul ntioul Iha court, and
tharcirr purchatrd tin ir good-Will to hiniialf.
6. 'Pila goiMl fnrtuna Iw anjoyed for twrni;-
tWOfraMl nnd wan brcoMia Mi« falhrr of arvrn
■oni. bjr ona wifa: he find aluo anuthrr ton.
whoix name wii llyrcaiiua, bf^hia bfolhrr Noly-
miut'a daughter, whom he inarried on the ful^w-
ing orraainn. lie om-<- came to Aleiwi'lria4tilh
bia brother, who hnd along with him n ilinMtrr
tlready riiarriageablc in nnler to giva bUr in
ticillock to •nm'i of thn Ji'wa of chief diiaily
tharc. He then nupiirii with the king, anil tiflliitg;
in lo*« with an nclreiii, that waa of great lieauly,
■nd came into the room where they fcHilcd, lie
told bia brother of il, and entreated him, hccvuM
■ Jew it forbidden liy Ihi^lr taw Co come near to a
foreigner, in concenf hi< uAencc, and lo be kln^l
■ad nibucrvient to liim, and lo give him an op-
portunity of fulfilling hill drtirea. U|ion which
nil hrolheriwillinglv entertained the propotal of
•erving him, and aifprnrd bit own daughter, And
brought ber.to him by night, and put her jnlohia
bed. Ami Joacph, being tliaordered with drink,
knew Bill who ane wan, and ao lay with hia bro-
ther'! daughter; and Ihia did ha many liniea, and
loTed her eiceedingly, »nd Miid to hi» brnther,
tbal b«' loved thi* aclrea* to well, that he thould
mil the haiard nf hit life [if he mnal |Hirl with
her,] and vet prohnbly the king wuiitil not rive
him leave (to take her with him,] Kut hia bro-
ther liadc liiin be in no concern about that
mutter, and told him, he might enjtov her whom
he loved without any dan)Ceri and niifrkt have her
for hia wife; and oiirned the truth of the mailer
to him. and ataured hint that he chote rather io
have hit own daughter uhiiaed than to overlook
him, anil aec him fouie to rpuhlici diagracc. So
Joieph coinnirnded him ti<£ l4iit liia brotherly
love, and married hit dgugWer, nnd by
envy, Jotapk ha<l n«ea a miml to hmm wMfh til
•lit tuna h«d Iha boti dit|Mitili<TN In virluai awl
whan ha tent Iham tavrrally lu Ihna* that hat
Ihea Iha beat rapulaliif* for intlruilinn youth,
Iha rrti uf hit cbililran, by raatoa of ibeir alulh,
and unwilllnnnata lo take naiaa, rataraad lu bim
(nolith and unlearned. ARar IhaM ha taut out
tha youngetl, llyrcanut, and gave him Ihraa
huiiifred yoke of ua*n, ami Imu* hint go two
dtyt' journey into Iha wlliUrnett, and tow Iba
lanil IKara. antl yet kept iMck privately MMiyttkea
of Iha men thai coupled them lut«(he|r. Whan
llyrranut rama lo laa place, anil Aiund be had
no yokea with him, ha roalamned the driarrt uf
the nten, who adviaed bim to tend boime lo hia
father, lo bring Iheni ttuna yuket; but he. ihlnk-
ing that ha ought mil lo Iota bit time, while Ihay
thwuhl be tent lo bring him Iha vokai, ha in-
vMrteiia kimiofalratagem, and What tuitad an
■ga rhiar than hia own; for he alew ten )oka of
the oten, and dtalrihuird their Iteth among tha
labureri, ami cut cbeir bidet into teveral pla-
cet.aad made hitu yokea, and yok#<l Iha uten lo-
gather with Ihnn; by which mean* he auwad at
much land aa hi* father had apfeiinted him to
tow, anil rrluriie<l lo hini. And when ha wat
come back, hia father Wat mighlilv piraaed with
hit lagacUy, ami coia||lended Iha anar|Mirw of hi*
uudcralanilliiK, ami hit boldneu In what he did.
And he tlill loved hint the mora, a* if ha wera
hi* only grnuiiie *on, whila hit brethren wara
much troubled al il.
1. Hut when ona told him ihal l*tolaliiy had a
aon jual born, and that all Iha principal men of
Sjrria, ami llie other counlrlct aubject to biro,
wera lo keep a fealival. on account of the child'*
blrthilny, and went awa^ in haale with great r«-
linuf a tn Ateiandria, he ivaa biiuaelf imlriil hin-
<lervil from goiiig by old age, but ha made trial
of hi* auna. whetHer any of Ihfm would b* will-
ing lo go to tha king. And when the elder ton*
eiciiteil Ihemtelvi* from going, and aaid, they
were not courliera gOmI eiiuugn for *uch coitver-
tHtiun, and adviaed bliii to tend their brother
llyn'anua, he gladly hearkened lo that advicat
anil cklli'ij liyrcartui, and naked him whether ha
would go to the king; and whether it waa R|i;re*-
nble lo him to ((uornott And upon hia prouiiia
that lie Would gu, and hia aayin^ that lit: would
not wiiiit iimch money f^ir hit journey, brcauie
he ^iiuld live inodi'ruteli^.and that ten tliouiMiid
ilrachniiti would be lulficieiU, he wa* pleaaed
with hit ton'* p^udencc. After a little while, tha
ton adviaed hia fHilier not to tend hia pnacntt lo
the klnir-from thinci, but to give him a letter to
hi* atewiinl al Al< XHiidrla, Ihal he might luruitb
him with money, fur purchating virhat would b*
iiKMl eii ellent ilud mo*t preciuu*. So he. think*
ing Ihiit the expenae of ich talcnia would ba
enou|(h lor prr.iiiila to be inatle the king, ami com-
menilliig hia tun aauiving him good udvice, wrota
to Ariiin hit tlewitril, that nianuged all hit money
iitatlert nt Ali'iandria; which money wa* not
le*a than Ihri^ Ibouaund talent* on hi* account..
forJiiaeph aeni the iiluney he received in Syria
lu Alexandria. And when the duv appoinleu for
the payiiKiil nf the tiixet to the Kiiig caniei ha
wnitr to Arion to [lay them. So when the toa
had naked hit fiitlier fur a letter lo thii ttewanli
and had received it, he made haitcto Alexandria.
And When he wat Roiie, hit brethren wrote to all
the kinir'a frienila. that they ahould detlroyiiim.
A. but wbeu b«>aa conic to Alexandria, h«
delivered hia4»lten><0 Arion. who atk<d him how
niiiiiy talentt he would havel (hoping he wauld
atk for no more thnn ten, or » lillle ninr«,) be
taid he wauled u lliuuaanil Inlentt. At wbirh the
gal a ion. wboae name wnt H^rcanut, aa we
•aid before^ And when Ihif hi* ^iiungcat ton
ihewed. at thirteen ;^ear* old, n niind that wn*
ho'.h courageon* ana wiac, and wa* greUtly en-
vied by hia brelhri-n. a* being of a genru* much
■bote thcnii and lucb a one a* they might well
ttewHrtI wnt angry, and rebuked him, aa vm
that intended to live extmvaganlly; aii'l he let
I him kiiow hnw hit father had gathered Uu(ethar
bit etiate Uy |iaiiialakiii)(, and reaitting nit in-.
I di^ationt. unu witlied him to imitate the exam-
I pie uf hi* father: baotmimd biiu-witlwU tbalhs
.'W
•UOI XII-CIIAf. IV.
in
.?;.
wmM (if* kin bat Un uWala. iimI ihM r«r •
•mMitt Id lh« kinc •Im) Tha •on «M lmt*l*<l
•I ihU. •ml lhr««» Arum Into jiruxn. Mm «ih»n
Arioa't •«<• hwl iiiformtiH.'l»"ii«lr« <if ihn. wuh
har mtrral; lh»l tha wii'tW roftukc lh» fhifcl (nr
ith«l lia ha.1 •liin». (I'tt Ari.Mi ••• In «r»««
atl»m with h»r,) t'lmpalra l«(ittm»A Iha kinc
of II Awl PloUmjr ft for llyrranui, aixl
tiilil him, Ik*! "ha woiwtarail wha* ha ••• ••»»
to hira by hit h(h«r, lh«l h» hail not y»t eoma
tain hii prr—nr; hill hail Ui.l Iha fl«wa»<l m
priaoa." Aad h* J»»» !inl»r, ih»r»for», Ihal ha
(huiilil ronia to him, ami ftf an afOiunl o< Ihf
taauia of what ha haH ilii|ia. And th»y rapnrt,
thai Iha anawcr ha maala lo Ika klnn'i iii*a«'n-
mr waa IhU: Ihal ■• Ihaia waa a la«» iif hi< Ihal
AHiaila a rkilil llial <»•• horn U> laala of Iha la-
Critr* b«ror« ha Hwl li*»n »l Iha IkiiiiiIo ami la-
<rll|rMl lo IJoil. Arrw«lin(t In whiih way o( l»a-
•MliBK lif 4liil nul hinitrU rnma lo him in ripvc-
tBl|iii» of Iha praarnl ha mf lo niak* lo him. aa
to una who hn|l lirrn hit fklhar'a Iwrnifatliiri ami
UWt hx li«l imniihoil Iha ilava fur ilixiliryioR
ktnc't frrawli, and of llta man p^arftil •< tnafl,
aiMlaalulaii Iham, hul tlill iRfMirmI u< It
• tala arhal |'l»-"'
. JRfMirmI uf Iha
arnMW maka ih* ^inf
il jit*-" , , „
on hn MMi'i liwi'"l •» . mill »h»i> •">"•' •»"• Iha*
ihay woiilil (ifr l<tfl«r l'<lr|ili, anil jhal )ilhr>f
■if itraalrr (fi|nil]) «iiiil<l orrrjr (i«* ■•*• arriint*
ln| lo Iha i^aaHltly n< ihrtr ri«'h»a, ha pr»lao<KNl
lo avf ry iinr Im'ba (riarixl thai hr wat nol ahM
lo hrlnr (n lat|[» a |irrMnli lor Ihal ha hml iw
mora Inan lit* lalcnii Ami lahrn tha ••■rtanM
haani what ha mkI, tllf|^lnl<l thrir maxlrrt, *n<l
thay rajoirail in ihr pnMliart.thal JnM|ih mi.hM
It* illtapprorail. ami ar.iiilit maka lh« kinif ami^,
Im Iha •mallnrn nf hia praifni. Whan th* ilay
rama, tha nihara. < vrn thoaa lha(,bnii(hl llir
inoal, olfrrril Ilia kiiiK mil abuta twanly lalrnla.
but llyn-aniia ««»» I'l avary una of Iha humlrt J
buya, ami huniirril iiiaiiUaa that ha had ItuuRhl,
a lalani apiara, foriham Inearri.aml inlrotlm-arf
ihrni. Iha boya to tha klni. ami Iha mawMna I*
rtan|>alrii: iifrVy b0iljr ^i«lrr|n|t "t th|^tin«>*«-
■larlril rirhnraa of Iha M^ainla, <'«an tjia king
ami qnarn ibainaaUaa. ,lla alao pratanirjl th«M»
Ihal niumlail about th|t jkinc with fUH lo lh«
iiaai "■" "w ptiniib^-ti mw ■!•»»' •«• '■•- — /— r
Mi eamimtiota. r<ir Ihal it mallarail uol wliathar «... »..-....— ■■■j- r-- •■,".,; VT
TwaaUr waa lillla «r (fraali ao Ihal iinl.aa wa valuaufa great mimbfr .If IuI.miI., Ih.l h»miKhl
panifh am-h a* thaaa. Ihm. Ibyaalf mavaal alao a*apr iha .l.nK.rh,„.,A;n from »'"'".'•"•»
!ip3rl lo l>a .Imniaaa l.v thy Jubjarla/' Hpun Ihaaa it w.a that ll)r<-»m*i a braihrrn ha.l wM-
fcairinB thia hia Maw.r, fia fall a liiuKhlng. iintl Iro tu ,l»..r.,y him. Now I'lol.ni* a<lmirrtl at
wnn.lrrr.t at tha graat ..ml of Ih' '"hill , Ih* y-mnf "'•»'' nVip>»nWilV, and '"'>"'"""'»«
». Whan Arton wa. appriaail Ihal Ihlawaatlia him to a.k whal g./l tia l>*r";»'l »•" ''- ''•-''* '
tint'* .liapoaili..n. an.l lUl h» hml no aray I* aothmnala* t.. Iia il.ina fo* liim by Iha kiOn llaw
iMlp himaalf, ha «.»« Iha rhild a lh«.i«n-l la- | to wnia t.i l.ia filhrr ami br.lhf..n ah.„,i bin.
lanla, anal waa Ut ..ul of priaoo. Ho allrr Ihrra j So whin Ih. kinK hail jhiiiI him vf ry itrral m^.
Irl out or pnaoQ. ?io aiirr inraa , .-lo wn.n i.o »".n ■■•■■ i-". ■'■■.' f- — --j;;
r. llyrcanua fama ami aalula.! Iha aparla, ami bmt^Kix'" 'm»*7 '■fK'.P'"- •'^
kinr ami .ini^an. that aaw him with pl.aiura, hml wrill. o to Ma falhcf^H^I hia 4)r.lhrrn. ami
''v'f . 'i i^: : J ...i:.; I >„. »f I .11 k',. r<...,...>n;i«ra and fiAri'ra allout hlin. ha
r ami .pifan. Th«» aaw him with pl.aiura, , nan wriu.o lo ma lainrr a™. .... ^.r. ........ -»..
f,a.l».l him in an ohUaia. maimat, oat of ill hii romnianclara aart nftjlra ahoul b "•'.«♦
4lM reaiiacl Ihfv bare 10 hi. falhar. So ha « ama faant him away. Hut wh.n hi. brathfr* hiaril
«6tha-Mi*r«'h*M.privalMT, aoJ bouuhl a h.m- < that llyrcanua hii.l rrrai.r.l a.ilh fiiyor. from
drr.l bova that ba.l Kaniinn, ami war* in Iha tha kiny. and wa. "•'"">'"«.»;'?'"«'"',".«';«
Aiwar of Ihair agfa, aa<:h at a talrni
honor, tliay wnit "Ul to meal him, an-l to »!••
alroy hlin. ami ihal with Ihr- privity of tti»i» fa>
Ihar; fur ha waa angry at him forth* fl«r(;«JaHin
of nnnay timl hr h*.t'ow« <l for praaanla, '**' —
king'a jc>lrr, ami wa. appwiiitrJ fbr jiilta. and
lau||htar at fcativala, wa. now aakail by tha
n«.l. that Ml at tha laMa rto ri|>u.a him to
lauKlitfr.] Ho ho itmnl by 111 "
lir aat'., aa<:h at a talrni apirca} a.
•Iio h« bnughl a nuailrril inaiclaiia, aarh *l tha
•ama prira aa Iba olhrr. And whan ha waa io'
aitrdlp faaal with tha king among Ihr principHl „.,....„.,.,... •--.■ ,-, ^
man of Ihr fuunlry. h«'a»l.lown Ilia low.al of hail nn comarii f.ir hi. praierjratinn. II
Iham all, b.i«„a» ii« wal lltllli rrganl..l. a. a I Joa.pb rom-iale.l tha anwf ha hail at „,
cKilil in aga atill; and thia by Ihoae who i^acad I out ..f faur of the king. Ami whan liyrcaii.,.
•Tcry onra-TordinittotheiriignitY. Ni.wwhau I bralhr.n ...iiia 1» (iglit hiiu, ha .law many "Ibj'ra
all Ihoie that aal w^lh bun lim" hill iha bow. of of Ih^ia* th.t war* with lli#ni; ". ulao two of hw
the .avaral piiH. on a haap baforr llyn.nua. ' bralhrrn lt.aiii.rlvi...hMl (ha ra.t of Ihgn aaia,»l
(for thty bnil ihcniaMva. tHkin aw«» tlir fl..h , lo J.ni.HUm lo Ihair fatlwr. Hut pika llyri'a>
fcalonging lo iham) till Ihr Ul.lr whar^ hr aal na. • nu. .aimi lo tlir rity. v»ha»r nolj.Mly woul.1 ra-
filled tuTi with thrm; Trypho. who nr»» (h»
' oliUring llic b«r»i«nnna lo pay Ibrir Ute..
«IW.» him to 10/ At thia limr S.bm u., who wa. called So-
„„^ , ,,„ „, Iha kinK. «i"f «■"'•. trr,/r.iRi<..do>rrA.ia.brinKlha.onof Anliorboi
-Doat th.iu not ..,r, my lor.l, tha bona, that lia thr/(lr»»l. Ami (m»w] llyrcanuaa fathrrJ.,.aph
by Hyrranaat by thia aimililuHa thon inayaat .liail. He wa. « fo-Kl man.aml of gr»-.t iil.gna-
cSojaotora Ihal hi* f.thcr iiiadr all Syria aa barr niflty; and l.ronghl tha Jew. o« of a .lata of
■iha hath mada tlirae bonM." And Ihr king p<iyrrlv uiit i.i. aimr.a, to on. Itial «a. i.iora
laughing at wha« Trjpl.o .aid. and aaking of .i*l»mlld. II.; .. l.mird thr jiirm ol <)i'' •"»« •>«
lly^canii., "How ha cainr to hi.»a ao i«a„y | ifyrin, and ,1'hmil.ia. ai..l Samarm, Iwri.ly. wo
UJnr. I.f for* liiml" h« rrpliad. "Vary riirhifully, iiaar.. Hi. jmHa alao, O.ima, '''••|'..»''«'»« «hi»v
i^lord:fortlii;v.f.dog.lh»laatl(..- fi-.h ami ! liiiiavlaml I. ft tl«- l.iKh pn. alhomf I.. Iila un
Ihr bona. toE«ihrr. a. Ihfac thy RMiat. Iiava ,/RiiiHiO. Andwh.nbtf Waa .1. ..d. il)niaa liia .on
done (looking in tb* mr.n limr at th.aa giia.la.) fm-readrd him in ihal dignity. I Q limi it wat
for tlil-r« i* nothing hrfor.. iham; but lltrv ar. thnl Arrui, king ol ihii ljj'«il.^iioman., ?'^"« •»
nan thai <i.t tha (IcU, mid .a-' away tha ban.;, .iiib.i.t.p'. "illi nn rbiilli'; the <opy vii"'^
»|, who.mal.o»rii»n,ha»tpowtfona." Upon hair follow.: "Arrna, liln^' of tlir I.acilrirfi)-
which tha kiiiK artmitwl nl hi. an«w«T, whirh . niana, to Oiiiaa, arodrlh cr,-riinp M p Unyr imt
wa. >o wiKly iliada; and Iw.le Ihrni Ml niiika .with « rcrlain wrtHnR, "''"♦■'''u"'. T
«n (.rclnmalion. n. a ninrk of thair approbation .roy.red llml both tha Jrw*ar..i the I.Brrdrmo-
of hi. it Hi. whiih War a Iri'ly faoHioun on.-. On niana arr of one atnrk. hiH arr darivail Irom III*
tliK n'Xt liny llynanu. wnillo avrry uor of lh« kindred of Abmhain.* It la Imt ju.t, thirrlore,
aWienra il romaai'mi Haaa l..irpilaiiiailRmiilarlara mant. Hal Blkaat of IMmaaeiia, I h« "T"'' "^ .* t'*'
ihamnriyp* ('arl" In '<• of 111" '" "le Jrwa. a* ilarivpil ham. Urn. IV. '.'. miil mv. w«» •>' "M "y ""'".• '"'<*"
fr<.ni!lifaiiii.ri.i.riiator.Alf»''iiin, lrii.i.«t-t>.iinie«i, forlilaa.m. PolhnI Ifll,.- La'-nl'-mnnlnnaWrraarrung
aa'<»ron|ia»uiii«H»'«, Ihcy wire da'iVril Iromlhr llorao, from lilih, lUv Itilllil lliiiiV llif iiiwiy. a lo )• (if Ih*
IliBl rami- ..f II a I aln.il. Thif are '<« I'ar.irtmuafallad laaHarMv of Airi:l.vm.a<. »•"!.. "'•• J'^W'. w'*™"*
tarhtriwi, mill (HTiniH. wr-. ilirivnl /'lim li a Hy- aprnnf from Iwar. Am' li«rl.a|»l[;J* M'"''-''!' <>' I"-
nana aiiit Am' i ma. tir mwa-riit of t ' rt' cm hy K» mawna la ll'nl VMV l>a.i.aiir)i«w'i«m 1 ro.-ua I ow;. ma.
tural..—Hr«A..|.b.«vl.rii. «,«<>• A-iamKlflaWar, «a i.iri.l!;r.f l.v Jiia'li. in liaa->tla to l«r in Ha
», I. rli iia «r<i. • ; n."l ';ro . on I W.crah. >ii. 7. , Jrwiah liiiUnn ll«lf, I' oiivh h^fti-rward blnii.lara.
W« Bay Iknher obai.rye, from II* recoKiiKioaa of t'le- i and makca Aaahia, A<lor«a. AI>ialjpiD,Mid urMliklaii —
>
Jf\
ANTIQUITIES <>P THE JEWS.
-^-:.:-....ii:.
fe^
m
tbil TOO. wh(» tw our brethren, thould lend to
ui •oou*. may of your,pmccrii» ■• jrou pIMie-
Yfe will iilio <fo rtie wine thin|[;, nd «»"eei|i your
oonccmi Bi nnr own; an<\ will look upon our
foncitrni a* in coiniunn with yourt. • Deniotelet,
who brjnii you Ihii IcMer. will l)ring yoor •»-
■wfr buck ta «" Thi« letter ii fourmuare; end
l^u leel i» M e»Bl*. »'"> « dmfron in lt» clewi." ,
U. And tliM* wfff, lK« content* of the enntle
which wa» wot from the LiiifC of the I,»cedeino-
tiiiins. But upon the death of JoMph.the peo-
ple crew tfililiiun, on.account <jj^, his aom; for
. wherean th^ eldtj-i made war a([ainit Hyrcnnuj,
who wat the Toungeat of Joseph'a norfi, the inul-
tiiiide WM divided, but the greater part joined
with the *ldeni in thii war; aa did SiniOn the-
high prieit,by rraioit of hi* kin to them. How-
eT*r, Hyrcanui determined not to return to Je-
t, rnnlem any more, but aeated himfielf beyond
. Jordan ; and was at perpetual War with the Ara-
bian*, and slew many of them, and took many of
them captives. He also erected ■ strong castle,
and built it entirely of white stone to the very
roof; and had animals of & prodigiou* magnitude
engraven upon it. He also drew round it « great
and deep canal of watelr. He Hso iiiade caves
of many furlongs in length, by hollowing a rock
," that was over agaiast him; and then he niatle
large rooms in it. some for feasting, and some
for sleeping and living in. He introduced al«o
a vast (luantity of waters, which ran along it. and
which w'ere very delightful and ornamental in
the court. But itillhu made the enU^hcesat the
mouth of the caves so narrow, that no more than
one person could enter hy them at once. And
the rtaso^ why be built them, after that manner
was n good one ; it was tor his own preservation,
lest hcshouldbebestegedby his brethren, and
run the ha/.!ird of being caught by them. More-
. over, he built courts ofgrcater magnitude than
ordinary, which he adorned m'Hh va»tly large
warden?. And when he h«d.broneht the place to
tbi* state, he named it Tyne. , This place is be-
twee'n Arabia' and Jiidea, beyond Jordan, not far
. from the country of Heshbon. And b* ruled
over 4hose parts for seven, years, even all the
time that Seleucus was king of Syria. Bat when
he was dead, hi* brather Antiachus, who was
called Epiphancs, took the kingdom. Ptolemy
also the king of Egypt, died, wbo was besides
called Epiphanes. Kb| left two «ons. and bow
/ Toung'ia age; the^ftoet of whom was called Hhi-
' lometer, tad^tde youngest Physcun. As 1
Hyrcanuv^^o ^'^ *'"' ''"'* Antiochus had a
^, and feared lest he should be caught
m, and brought to pfini*hment for What he
nan <lone to the Arabians, he ended his life, by
alaying himself with his own hand; while Aati»«
chu^ scixed upon all hi* substance.
li i)uJntli a* alM hote many nflht Jtw/br
nok th* l.am of Ihcir Country; anj how (hi
Saliuirilan$folhtu>€d th$ C'liifoms qf'Ihe (i reeks,
amlnamedlheirTtmplettlJVountlierUtm,lhe
TempU i{f JupUtr HttUHiiu.
\1. AnoUT this time, upon the death of Onia*
the high prie*t, they gave the hifth priinthood to
Je*us his brother; for that Son which Onia? left
[or Oniii* IV.] was-yet but an infant, and, in its
nroiier pla<;e, we will inform the reader of all the
circumstances that befell this child. But this
Jesus, who wasiho brother of Onins, w^» depri-
ved of the high priesthood by the king, who waa
angry with him, and gave it to his younger bro-
ther, whose name also was Onias, fur Simon had
these three ions, to each of which the priei'thrjHl,
came, aa we have already informed the reader.*
This Jesus changed his name to Joson; but Onins '
vras tailed Menelaus. Now as the fnrnier high
prie»t, Jesus, niscd a seilitinn against Menelaus,
*ho was ordained after him, the multitude Were
divided" between them both. And the sons of
Tobias took tl^e part of Menelaus, but the greater
part of the people assistecl Jason; and by that
means^ Menelaus and the sons of Ti>bias were
diHtressed, and retired to AntiocHuf, and inform-
ed him, that thj^y were desirous to leave the laws
of their country, and the Jewish wiiy of living
according to them, and to follow the ting's laws,
anil the Grecian way of living. Where(<)re they
desired his permission to biiildthein a Gymna-
sium at Jerusaieni.f And when he had giventhem
leave, they also- hid the circumcision ot their ge-
nitals, that even when they were naked they
might apiiear to be Greeks. Accordingly they
left off all the customs that belonged to their
own country,* and • imitated the practice* of tho
other nations. . .
2. Now Antiochii*, npon the agreeable iitna- ■
tion -of the alTain qf his kingdom, remdved to
make an eipedition agninst Egypt, both becansa
he had a desire to gain if, aud hecauso he con-
temned the son of Ptolemy, a* now weak, and
not yet orabilities to manage nifnirs of sueh con-
scqnencc; *o he, came with great forces to Pe-
lusiQin, and circumvented Ptolemy Philoiiieter
by treachery, and seiied upon Egypt- He then
came to the places about Meiiiphi<; and when he
hwl taken them, he niadt haste tt> Aleiandria,
in h«pe» of taking It byi*iege, and of subduing
Rfer of Whom was caiiea rni- Ptoleray. who reigned there. But he was driven
younirest Physcon. A* folk ^t only from Aleiandria, but out of all Kgypt,
.'' "-1... s^i:„..k.,. I...I •' by the neclarafion of the Romans, who charged
him to let that country aliJne; according a* I
have elseivhere foiinerly declared. I will now
five a particular acc-Tiin't of what concerns thii
ing, how he subilued Judea and the temple;
for^n my former work I mentioned tjiosc things
very briefly, and Have therefore now thought it
CHAP. V. ■ heceaary to gi over the history again, aan that
with greater accuracy.
Mom iiponihe q,MrrrUoftktJews<mea^ainti 3. King Antiochu. «»;'"'"B »?'?.( ^'fyj'';/"'
anntbtr uhoutihe HighPriuthooit, Antiochus | fear of the Roman*, made nn ejipedition _ apaioat
mJ^an Exptditionagaintl JtruMlcm, look , thecity Jeriisalemit and when he wpa^ there id
Jftlci/y and pillaged iL TempU, and distress- ' the hundred forty and third ye»r of the kti,gdom
" tf Judea and ancressots to this Damaaca'a. It may not ' that very htatorv, bo that the referenres »""}"'»''••
tainm5o«r"o otaorve.fhrther,that Mose* Chorenen- baWy inadeto that edition of the seven tooksof .•
•Sifflh story rftl^e Armenian*. lnfotiSo..ll.a^ Beeseveral othere»i.mi.^.J**W«.. thoje In tl.t
Sjtio .6f I 'e Pirthian. wa. al.6 derived from Abra- two section. '*'^J«''":«".*"''2;,V"^.%\ "jifTlJ:
■ SSv^rteSTrnylhSi'loVillili'lfySulS^^^^ : tThti. •,rd'0.«-«i.« properly deno,«, a p-an.
2nt*»rk"hav*ncitasyifahle. Ourcommematoriihave wherethe e.errlses were i.erforiiif.l ooM. '."•'i'-i, he-
^ Wu'erwl*™ al*^ toglve noto'ernWeaefaBntoftlies. eau«iit would na.iir.lly dsti.«uls. ''^j;"™';;*!.-™
d,K'whiri;«fir,toonamero«.,anathatns.ially fromunfUMinirisertOennl«.lVe«;Je.yishai;o,rtat«en-
in airiils ropiM, tioth tJriMsIt nnd 1*tin* to lie siipnosod
Ulcr liiterpolalions, wikh la alinoii' allthatliaaliU>ipr.
io lean said npon thia oetasion. • What I have to say
• farlber is It.is.that we iiwve hut very few of Miose re
• fercnceS »f '^r». and very IDiiny ia and «f««p the liisio-
rv of Amiophus Epiifliapes; and that Josephuss first
2„,k ih.. t',>,rewor€..aldee.aswcllaslheOrcelthis historv. : nnd^iworfll.igiy uu iiere.wi.i. grra. nmu.
C rfibeJei^h Wa?.lp5g ihii » l ua t, b eg an w ith | and a iVetn - . al.rM« «d by h i m; h c tw een whoMpv
irom unPIT«*«niriW(l »,cnir,™. II .1-.- J,--. IT... .„■...-.«,■.--.-
deavored to apiieur unrirniinf ised, hy means of a i-'il-
rurelrni o-wratioii. Iiihted af hv HI. Paul. ' t-'or. vil. 18;
and deseriHed '>y Cclsn*. b. vU. oh. nx». »f Dr. HudaoB
here Inrorms us. « v ».
J Uerca'-outa Josephift betin!" to follow t^e first notM
of the Mnerabeesv n most eT'ellwt imd^ most iiut' enll*
historv : nndWordiiigly it Is here, with «real fldeUly
,/■;■.
BOOK XII.-CHAP. VI.
I:'
ttf tb« Sclcucidm, he took the cilV without fight- 1 utrancltd those women ind
iog, thuie of lu> own piirty optu'af (lie ftirt to they n«l cin^uwriicd, ■* l|>«
hioi. Anil when ho bud gotten potieMiun ofJe-
. ruialcni, he ilcw many of the op|)0»ite piirty;
soil when he hul plundered k uf * Kreut deal of
money he returned tu Antlorh.
4. Now it cwue to pai», after two yean, in the
hundred forty and fifth year, on the twenty-fifth
day of that month, which ia by ui called Lnileu,
and by the Macedonian! Apelleut, in the hundred
•ud fifty-third olympiads thit the kiiifc caiue U|i
to Jerutalcm, and prettadinu; peace, eot putiet-
ijlon of the city by treachery: at which tunc he
•pared not to much a> thu»« that admitted him
into it, 00 account of the richei that lay in the
temple; but, led by hi« cuvetou* inclination,
(for he taw there Was in it a rreat deal of gold,
and many ornaiiientt that haiT been dedicated to
, their nont whom
king had appointed,
It, of very great value,) and in order to plliuder
lt| wealth, lie ventured to break the leuj^ue he
had made. So he left the temple bare ; and took
away the golden candlentickt, and the gulden
altar |of iocenae,] and table [of ihow-brcaiT, | and
the altur [of burnt-ofleriug;] anil did not abitain
from even tlievailt which were mode of tine liiien
and icarlet. He i^to emptied it of it> secret
treaturet, and left pothinE at all reniaininK; and
by ihete . meant CR«t the }ewt into great Taiiien-
tatioD, for lie forbade tlieiu to oH'er thoie daily
tacrilicet which they iited to offer to liod, ac-
cording to the law. And wh«n be had pillaged
the whole city, tome of the inhabitantt he sle^V,
and tonie he (Carried captive, together with their
wivei and children, to that (he multitude of thuse
captives that Were tukcii alive amounted tu about
(en thouiand. He also burnt down llie finetl
btiildings; and wkAi he hud overthrown the city
wallt, lie built a citadel in the lower part of the
city,* for the place wat high, and overlooked the
templet on which account ne fortified it wifli high
waiN and towers ; and put into it a garrison of
Mnrriloniana. However, ij; 4hat citadel dwelt
till, iiiipiout and wicked part of the^ [Jewiib]
multitude) from whom it proved that thecitiient
sufl'arcd many and tore calamities. And when
the king had puilt an idol altar uiien Uud's alfkr,
he tiew Hwine upon it, and so one red a sacrifice,
neitlier according to the law, nor the Jtytnh re-
ligiout worship In that country. He also com-
pelled them to forsake the worship which they
naid their own God, and to adore tnnse whom he
took to be ^ods, and made them build teni|i|et,
and raise idol altam in every city and village,
and otter twine upon them every day. He also
commanded them not to circumcise their. tons,
aad threatened' to punish any thrft should be
^founi^to have tronsgreased bit injunctions. He
'•lio appointed ovcrseert, who thoidil compel
them to do what he conliuanded. And indeed
many Jews there were who complied with the
king't commands, either voluntarily ^r out of fear
of tne penalty that wat denounced t but the best
neo, and those of the noblest sou(i, did not re-
gard him, hut did pay a greatcir respect to the
ciistonii of their country, than iSncern at to^lhe
puniihnii^t which be threateiied to the disobe*
dient ; on which account they every day under-
went great miseries, and bitter torments, for
they were whipped with rods, and tKeir bodies
were torn to piectt, and were, crucified, while
they were still alive, and breathed: thoy also
lent ropirt there teem to lie fewer varialiont than in
any ether wirreU llelimw Iwok of the Olil liMtament
whatever, (for this iNtok was originally written In He-
brew,) which it very natural, l«<nuBe it wat written to
murh nArer to the timet of Joaepfaui tlianthe rctt
were. .
*Thia (7i(aifrr, ej^ which we have auch fluent
■entlon in the following hittory, both in the Manrnheet
« Md Josephus, teem* t6 have iieen a rjittle built iinaii
■ hill, lower than Mount /ion, lhaii(h upon itttklrtt,
and liif her than Mount Muriah, but lieiwei^n tl'«m
Mb; mtkb bill tha cDemiet of tin Jewi now got ^t
innging their tont about their oeckt at the)'
ivere upon the crosses. And if there were anv
Mcrcd Iwok of the law found, it was destroyed, ■■
and those with whom they were found, fuiterably
perished alto. ' . . ,
5. When the Stinaritana taw the Jewt under
iheie lutl'erings, they no longer coiilessed thil
ibey were of their kindred, imr tliat llie leniple
on mount (ieriiiim belonged to Almighty tiud.
Thit wat according to their naturt, as we have^
already thown. And they now sa.,1, ihnt thcyi^
were a colony of Medet ami Pertiuiis: anil in-
de«l th*y were a Colony of theirs. So (he) sent
ambassadort to AntiochUt, and aiiepi>llei-whu«<i
contents are tllete: "To king AuliocbustheKud,
Kpiphanvt, a memorial from the Sidonmht, who
live at Shechem. Our forefathers, iipin c»'rlain
frequent plaguet, and at following a certain an-
cient tuperttitiitn,had a custuiouf observing tlial
day whicli by the Jewt it callid the Sabbnth.f
And when they hail erected a temple lit llw.
mountain called Oeriiiim, tliotij,h without a
name, they offered upon it the proper tadrilicct
Now, upon the just treutiueut of thi^wickett
Jews, those t)iat manage their afluirs, -miiipiWing
that we were of kin to liiein and praciisrtl as
they do. make us liablfc to tlie nunie uccusationt,
although we be originiilly Sidoniun*, as is ey- ■
dent frjini the public records. \Vc therefore,
beseech thee, our benefiictor i.nd Siiviour, to gur* •
orilcr to Apollonius, the govi'Hii.r of tUis-part ot
Ihecouniry, and to Nicuii.i. llie piw'urutot of, i
thy affairs, to give iis iw di;-lipi>iivW, nor tojn'y
to our charRu what thcJc-i m-p a-rHaul lut,
since we are alieiis'fioni thiii n.ition, iind fniiu
their custuiiii';. hut let imrtenn'h', which id pre-,
sent hath no mine at all, l)e imiuid The (fl:!!*^
Of Jupiter llelliniiis. IV tl'it v'lie .•■"»■« I'l'He,
we should beno longer ilisliiilieil, but.v .«|l li.
more intt'nt on our own uciiipition »v'i.i i(m'ii(. .
ness, and so bring in a grinti v nvejiuc : > tit t.''
When the Saniiirif-iis, hud petiliuiiivl, liir Jlii?,,-
the kin.' scut i! Ii.ick i' iuUiMvIng iiu«\>ii*..
in nn epistle! '• Ant: .. n Io iNicnillir. Tlie
Siduniaii4, who . . .it Sli . luiii, l.iive H-iil |iie
the incnioriul entlotid.. "Whui ilierir..re we
were advising with our Nfcm^ aiiuit it, liiv nieii:
sengcrs sent by them re|iri "iiileil to uh, tlmi
they are noway concerned H'iih iiciii»i,lion*wliirh
belong to the Jews, but rhoose !■> live after t!ie
ciMtonii of the (ireeks. Accord i ugly we (Uh l.ire
them free from tuch accu-atinns, ami ori1<r tliat,'
agreeable to theifr petition, tJieir tiinple be
named The temple^of Jupiter llelleuiu»." lie
also sent the like epistle to Apiilliniun, the go-
vernor of that |iart of tlie count ry, in the fuiiy-
sixth year, and tbejeighteeiUh day ol tlie luofith
Hecatoiubeon. ' ^
CHAP. VI. ^T
How, upon JlnHotlmi'i Prnhibtlion to IheJtWM to
■ make U3e of the /.niei iflkrir Counlri/, Malta
thiai the Son of Jiamoneut alont Jti/itinl th»
Kinif, and overcame theUtnerali if .intio-'
chus'tarmy; at nlao concerning Iht Oialh of
JUatlathiat, ami the Succestton uf Juilat
{ I. Now nt thit time thcl^ wai one wboai
name was Mattathias, who dw«lt at Mndin, the
son of John, the ton of Sjjneon, the ton ol Asnio-
tenioit of. anil hiiilt on it Ifiis ritnilcl, and foriifled It,
till n lood while »nerwnri1 the Jews reitniiied It, de-
molished ir.aiid leveled the hill itselt with tlieronimon
Urouml, that their enemiew mislit no more rerover it,
anil might tneh'-e overlook tie temple iitnlf, and il«
them tiicli misrhier.'iRtltey iisil loi g undcriionv fiiimil,
Anlk). h. xiii. eh. vi. sen. 6.
tTliia all«:iatlnn 01 the Pamnrltant l« rrmtrkaMe,
that thouih they were not .tews, >et dlf) the]r. from an-
cient timet, a>t«rve the Sahiaili diy. and at Key else*
where iirelend, the Sahhaiic year alao. Antiq, b lil
ebap.vU.iacl.6.^,
« ■
:1
M8
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
'■' ^^A .-
-1 ■..
■cuKi > prteit oftl^aordar of Jo>rib, and acitiien
ol' JrruuUiu. Ue had five •opi, John, who wai
called (iadd it, and Simon, who waa called Mat-
thew, and Judaf.whu Wai called Maccabeui,* and
£Uai4r, who was called Auraii, and Jonathan)
who wai called Apphui. Now (hit Maltathias
lanieAtird' lu hia children the tad itate o( theiral-
fain, and the ravage made in the city, and the
plunotring of th« temple, and the columitiea the
multitude w^m under; and bh t»ld them, that it
wua better Cur ihrin to die C<>r, the lai|^ o( Iheir
country, tfiun to live to inglotiounly aa'they then
did.
2. But wUea thoie that were appointed by the
aing were come tu Modip, that they mi|(ht com-
pel iheJt^wFto do what they were coinmanded ;
aud to enjoin those that were Xbeii t6 offer la-
crifice, aa the kin^ had comtnauded, they de-
tireid that Mattnthiai, a pemon e( the grcateit
charartir among them, both on other account!,
and particularly on iicCouot of >u^ a numerous
and ao deserving a family of children, would be-
gin the tacrilicci because his fellow-citiiens
^ would folluw his t'xaiunle, aud because such a
I procedure would make liim iionored by the king,
lint Matlathiiis said, "he would n<^ do |t; and
tliut if alt' the ottier nations would olwy the com.
'iiihikIs of Antiuchus,, either but of fear, -or to
please him, yet would pot Jto nor bis sons leave
the religious worship of their country." Bufus
soon aslic had ended his speech, there canie one
of the Jews iiUo the liiidsl uf them, and lucriliced,
as Antiuclius IhhI ^uirtahded. At whicli Mut-
tathias hud gicnt indigiiatiou, and ran upon him
violently, Willi his sons, who had swords with
them, and sh^w bi>th,the uian himself that sacri-
fic<!il,'Uiid Apelles the king'* general, who coiu-
"ed them llo sucrifice, «vilh a few ol his »ol-
pc(ie(
diers. He also ovurthre»v the idol <ul
cried out, "If(8uidhe) any one be leidous foAJ'ic
laws of hill country, and lor the worship of Ood,
let hjlii follow iiic." And when he had said this,
he iiiiulf haste into the desert uitli his hoiis, and
ied all his substance in the vjilnec. -Many others
did the SBiiir aUn, and tied with their children'
nut! wives into tlic desert, and divfclf*i<» caves.
But t\ lieu the king's generals heard this, they
took all the fjrits they th«ai had iu; the citadel
ut Jerusnleui, and pursued the Jews into the de-
sert; and when they had overtaken, tlwim, they in
the lirst place eniteavored to persuade thera to
repent, and to chgoae what was molt for their
advantage, aud not put them tu th« 4|ee*sjty of
using tliein according to the law ofwf r. But
when they would not comply^with their persua-
(ionti, but poutinued to be of a different mind,
they fought against tbein on the Sabbath-day;,
■nd tlieyT>urnt them, as they were in the caves,
without resistance, and without so much as
(topping up the entrances of the caves. Aud
they avoided to defend themselves on lliatday,
. because they were not willing to break in upon
the honor they owed the Sabbath, in such dis-
tTcsdPS, for our law requires that we rest upon
that day. There were about a thousand, with
their wives and children, who were iniothered,
apd died in these caves; bulniany of thoM that es-
caped joined themselves to Mattathiat, and ap-
pointed him to be their ruler, who taught them to
fight, even op the Sabbath-day; and told them,
.that ••unless they would do so, they would be-
come their own enemies, by observing 4he law
[so rigorously,] while their adversaries wou4d
atiU assault them on this day, and they would not
then defepd themselves, and that nothing could
thenhipder but they must all perish without
(%htmg." TRia speech persuaded them: And
* That this apnelUtion of JTaeMle* was not Ar^ of all
gTen to Judaa Maccabeus, nor was derived froia any
Itial letters of the Hebrew words on Ida ttanner, Mt
raaata Bt tUim, JekoMkJ ITk* it U«<.«at*.»M
this rula coptipues among ns to this Hay, tfcat if
there be a pecessily, we may fight on Sabbath-
dtys. So MattatliiasgotilKreat armyaboBtljioi,
atid overthrew their idol altars, and sleW those
that broke the laws, even all that he could »t
under his |>ower, for many of them were dla-
ucrsed among the Rations round about theni fut" *' ■
fear of him. H« also commanded, that thot*.
Ws which' Weri not y« circumcised should ba '
tircujicised now; and he drove those away that
were appointed to hindeAuch their circuiiiijiskHi.
3. But whep hd had iuTbd one vear, and Was
fallen into a disteinperf lie called for his sons,
and set them round ab^tbini, and said, "O tnr
SOPS, I am going the rtaj of all the earth, and 1
rccoiurocnuto you my resolution, aitd beacecb
you not to be negligenl, in keeping it. but to b*
mindful of the desirea of him who begat you,
and brought you up, and vtp. preserve the cu»-
tonis of your country,, and to recover your an-
cient form of governmetit, which latn danger o|
being overturned, and hot to be carried away
with those that, either by their own indiaation,
or out of necessity, betray it; but to become suchi
suns as are worthy of me; to bo above all force;
and necessity, and so to dispose youKsouU, as toi
be ready, when it sball bo necessary, to die for;
your laws, as sensible of this by just reasoning. ;
that if tlod see that you are so disposed, be will '
niil overlook you, but will have a greit vijue for \
jyiir virtue, and' wilj restore to you again what J
you have lost, and will return to yod' that free- ;
doiii ill whiiii you shall live quietly, aiid « iijoy
voiir owp I'listoiUs. Your bodies are mortal, aod
subject to late, but they receive a J^W" imi
mortality, by the reiiieililKance of v^TOKSflfjjT'''
tliey have done. And 1 would have *rtpftf in "
love with this immortality, that you ni»Sr<pbhue
aftei; glurv ; and that, when you liaye underijone
the greatest difficulties, you may not scrupp, for
sucU things, to lose your lives. < 1 exhort yoii,
rsiiecially, to agree With one another; and in
»jtftt encellrncy any one of you exceeds an-
other, to yield to him so far,' and by that means
to treati the advanfugc of every one's owH vir-
tues.' Do you then «stejin Simon as your father,
because hu is a niaii dr^xtraoriliiiary prudence,
and be govemtd bV hiiu in what ci^wsels he '
gives you. Take Macrabei^for the reqrral of
your annr, because of his cmtUrC aod strength,
for he will avenge your natiotfV^nd will bring
vengeance on your eutmies. Adpi'it amopg yon .
the righteous and religious, aud- augment tueir
power." , ...
4. Whep Mattathias had thus discoursed tobii.
sons, and had prayed to Gpd .to be their «uist-
aiit, and to recover to the people their foiitiier
constitution, be died ft little afterward, and wa»
buiried at Modip; all the people making great
lameptation for him. Whereupon his son/udas
took upon him tbe,admipistratiop of public af-
fairs, in the bupdred forty, and sixth jrear: apd
thus by the ready assistapce of his brethren, and
of others, Judas cast their enemies out of the
country, and put those of tbetr owfi country to
fleath who bad trtfpsgressed.its laws, apd purifitcl
the lapd of all the poUutiopi that were ip it.
V
chap; VII.
How Judat werthrew fht Fottet of ApoUoniiu
and Seron, and kiUid the Gentrah of their
JtrmUtthemnlve$;aJtdhovy,vihtnalittU while
afitruard Ly$ia* and Gorgiat were beaten, ht
mint up to JtrutaUip, andfurified the Temple.
i 1. When Apollopius, the general of the Sa-
maritan forces, heard this, he took his army, and
ern RabMni Talnly preten4, see Authent. Ret. part tit;
205, SOB. Only we majr note, by the way.thal theoriginat
name of these Maceal>e<a, and their poaterHy, was jIt-
. « »•. jenora., rr - ««ii««»; which wasderlvetl from Asnion»usthegreat.
'*?i4'.! O ji*«Tt fii^riv. 11, Mthemod- 1 prandCitherof llatlathiaa.a. J<«phua hcrahUbrpiapa
(«i<l joriiji'd
9iew!'inany i
i^us hiiiisal
(bat which',
upon, and
luplre than I
Iruni the CP
, whea Scrpi
' Ci*l(tiyrla-,;
selves to J
i/irniy'fiurtU'i
Jie drlerhii
/ liini', as Ihii
,• punish Ihos
/' tioiis. Hell
wushI>I<;,im
■ Jews, and I
as far as lif
pitched Ilia
-and when h
that his soli
>' iheir ounibi
ed (bod, ft
them, and i
quest of ep
tilude in nr
ward* (j6i\,
stniices in I
-trouKUi^s, t
,■ their own I
quell tly icoi
nocBiicie is I
*be iilduced
the enemy,
joining bat)
when their
rap a»vay m
Inst way g
the plain, I
encp^, bi|t
■ lay near to
2. When
- he was vor;
got tugethi
ccnarie^, i
and took tl
into. Judea
B"t when,
jiei-cdved.i
there wasi
- taxes were
there had
oeen so nii
' he had' wa
resolved ti|
taxes of tl
whose nan
putr with I
as the boui
and rnacbi
. iniited to I
his cle^hni
son Antiai
cahie back
and take i
destroy Je
And wheii
in charge I
the hundn
over Kupi
provinces.
3. Upon
Doryiiiene
1 intent ni<
ivered to
seven tlioi
Judea, wh
and pitch
There can
and the co
runagate .
'}'
BOOK xir>U;H;AP. vit
m
,s, /-; in. -f '^ i' ■' ' '•■':■•'■',■,■■ ■ ■ ' t ''\ \ ■ .■•'■•'..'■'■' ,■■■■■■
THttIo kiiMD to co'agHiiiil Jaclnit, ttbo i\ut Iftin, j itacVcbanti ^o buy ithulte that iikj)ili) be <'.srri»d
.!ni(i jnWiiil bulile Hith Mm, aiiij tn-al him, nntl | ra[<>ivi'') (ItiuHiji; hun<i<t tvilh (li<'iii (o tiiiut thOM
kTcwt'iuHny ol' hit intln, niut aiiMiig Otiiii Ai)(ill>i' ! Il>«ii>thmilil Ix' mii'li> j>ri«>ntr«,) tvitii iliiU iiUff,
"- iuu> himself,- their geinfritl, whwv lAroril, tniiig j »nf)vgnlil wlitflithi j uiitv ii> Jjiiy l^ir lln (r |il'ieti;
ibtt which' llBhapfiteisttl thrn ,t(i wrnr; hit •eili'U Ami W,h<'ii Jinlnii >aiv ttivir rump, laul h>iw Hit^'
lipon, Hiiil itcjU lur hiniarif; hut hr wnuiiiU'd i lurru'nt ihiir tniiiiiiii wtrr, !»■ |;4'j«im<l<<l hi*
luoire thun h« tl«W, aiulluok u i^rial l^al i>l' |ir«yi J uwn 8ul<lt«r» tr> hr urgotiil r<iurniji',,uiii1 rkhorled
I'runi lh« cneuiii^*' catlip, and Wtiit ht* tfiiy. But | thcid to (iliirr thiir h<i>»-« l>t m' in^^ in ti.iiit, no^
, whra Scren, who *»«» gmetml q( U\v »tmy o(
' Cijplii^ria, heard thut many Jifiil joiiipil thcni;
(irlvM to JiidM, HftiA thut h«,'lind uhuitt him' Ml
.urniy'iiuAU'iiiiit I'or %htt^g, tthd fur making ivnf,
Jie tlrlVrniiiicd to iiiakc irn rx|it!rlitit>n Hj^iput
/ him', ns thinking it ticciuiiit hin4, t<^ t'ndi'RV'or to
nliriitiitn in t)u|((Ci Hlthl dangcro. auJ lUrtvli
pirfeKMil with (>f d l(>,f;ranl vuu iKi' viiriiirt' '
yotit^ufinit'a- .S« he: Ac^fliKin iii th» tr ^»i
.■ puniih ihont; thii't tp«nsu|^t'<)»i'(l the fcin^'t'iiiijnnr- ordir ol" hattl«f Wwd l>y thti? I'orif.tlhir*; under
' tiuui. Hi' tlMtO'^nf t>)J^('J|!tlt'i■ttnHrtuyrll^tlir{Bft<&ahe thrtf cu|)liii)i« ot .ihauiuilidit, and olfat^r nflicvrtt
m niak«
! •un|il(<;tit
of tlii'ii' a
iitit (o hiiii^
nlin^ til Ibft
cUDtoiu of tht'tr rouiitrv, r|oih>'il in nui ki'liilih; '
and Ip ahuw what wii^'lhirir iixii d h.iliit uf tlU]>-.
"■ytqi'.
yotir ruriMii''. ,S« he: Ac^lFi^H) iii tht rr 4nVi««ui
and di»nit)<iu'i1 su^^i a» nvrr nrwty uiarrtid;. ait
iVrll as thuiP tliMt hud m\\]\ |;iiini-d iMjj^ifiintt
that th>7 inwhI'liMt rt)(lit*in 11 i^uwarMHraiiuc^r,
out of Bri iiiimtinuti' liivf of lilV', in oriflrtii tnjoj
ihdi>r iiitxtinj;.'!. Wlicn liv hnd Ih'i' di«|H>ivd hit
siildirrii, hi' tucmiraK^d thini to (if; lit hj llii- fol«
Iniviii); tiicvrh, nliii'h he niadi'lo (licni : "O my
ll'llgiv-cuMierK, no olhiT tinie M'lij.niijtiiKirc opftur-
tuf<Whan the I'rrMiit for coiirii^i- mid rc>ni< Hi|)t
(if dnfigfra; fi>i' ■* y<i" now ligii.( niiiulntly, yotl
wua alit^.iind joiti«tUi||uth«'runngiit4- and tvicked
iewit, and raino i]|)(fi)M»l .iuihiit. i^' thin rauK;
aa fiifax ltethl|Oriiii,a villiigr ii(Ji1d<'», 4ind thti'e
pitclK'd hilt I'nuipi upon ixiijrr'fi Jiiihm intt him;
-and whiin he iipMidiMl to j^ivti him ijnillc, he *a«r
that hii aoldjefn Hvrti hacti,wnril (utiglit; l>ecau|ffi
their aunibrr wn» (miajl, ii^d hecauAe they wttilt-
ed food, for they wei-e fa«ij»g;,he turoiiniji^ed
them, and laid to them, thnt" victory and i:uii-
i^Ut-al 6f cn> -miiEia are nut d«*ivpd fruiu the luui-*
titude in nriuicji, but ia the es-cruac uf piety to- niay^H-ovcr your lihrrtv. wluih, u? K i^a th'ihg
ward* Odd, and' that ihry had (hi? phiiui-ht in- ' of-it»ilf'a;;rt->'iild<' (u »|f iiieii, ho it |ii'uvt<B to bu
«tniicr> in their forvfathrrn. wlm, "by Itw ir ligh- I tfi li" iiiwdi iiiut"' drwiMlih;^ by Hi itHor.linjj ua
■ lenu«ai1t», and exeKin^ theinsrtvrs on behalf of 'the libt-rty ol ^vorshippiiig tiud. Sinr-«-, tht-re-
Oi«ir own la«vii and tlii-ir otvn rliihinii, had Ire- 1 fore, yuu ur<v in hit< h vii'riiiiiMaui'ts.at prtiifnt,
<)uently <;6n(|ucred many ten Ihuitiiamh*; Voi; iitr I that yuU tnu»l (!itlu-r.r«'i.'iiirr thyl liliirly, ami »o
r; and in
ceedi ail'
lat nicani
own vir-
ur fiilher.
firudence,
tuiKla he •
eiliFral of
■treii^h,
rill bring;
moaf; yon .
lent tucir
led tobii.
eiraaaiit-
ir fortuer
.and was
ing great
soii'/udas
public af-
year: and
:bren, ami
lut of tbe
ountry to
d purififcl
ID it.
I|io(/oiitiU
« of thtir
iltUvihik
beaten, ht
le 7'emplt.
of the Sa-
arniy; and
Ree. part ii -
tlie original
ty,vaa<4(-
Mtllegcea^
hifoiiDiaii
\
itOCBiiCie la the ulrongest army." . Uy lhi!< •pi(rh'|
*b« iiiduce-l his men ftcontcnin trii-'multituile uf i
(he enemy, aud tu full Upon Serim, An^f u|ion
joioin); battle with hi«n, hr baaf lire SyriMiia; liiid
when their i^jeniTid fuU atiibo<j the W-it, they nil
ran awny with Kpcrd, aslhinkliig that to be their
; liest way of eccapiil^. Sii-he uiiriiiied theiii unto
the plain, and tfew uburul tight himflred (if the.
encni^, but the rent esruptd to the; rigion which
toy near to the ac^i -
; 2. When kingf AnjIiachiM heard ofthciie'thinga,
he waa very, angry at whut had happened ; so he
got together all fan own army, wiOf'niaov iiier-
ccnarir^, whuin he Itad hireil frpnl the inlafiiU,
and took them ivitb him, and pi-e[Kir<rd to break'
into. Judea about the bvjfinniiig of the Spring.
IJiit when, ^ upon hii inu^teriufc hi" nuUliirs, he
jiei'ccived . that his treasures' wi're ih>iirient, imd
there wail a ' wunl ofnioilty in thiiii, for Jtil, the
-taxes were not paid, by reagon of ihi: seditions
rr'^in a.happy unti hlexJrd wiiy of living, which
i<i that af cording (o intr laws and the luxlDini of
i>ur iiinijti'y ,' or to i<ul>mil to the mint iipiiriilirioua
Rufl'eriiiRHi nor will any ireil of your, nation re-
main if yon be beat iii thin baUle. Kight, there- .
for)', niuiilidly; aud 8uppo'<e that ion muat die
tboiigbyou do not figlit. Hut bt Iti've, that be- -
sid«» itiM'h glorious rewards us thoM! of the liv
bertyof yo;ut' country i of your laws, tif your re«
ligiiin, you sluili «theii olrtaih «>'*i lantiiij;' gJory. ■
l''rep»r«! yortrsiivcs, thrrjfore, and put your-
8el\e» into such iin agileiiblo ^natlire that yoii
way be reaily to light with lh« enemy lis won ai
'^it i« day tb-niorrow iiiorniiig>!'' ,
.4. Aiid thin was the »pe<:i-li wUirii Jiidus mnde
to encourage; tlieiii. Uiil wh*'n tlo' (miiiy sent
t!orgia», ivilh live thousand fool ami one thou-
aiHid hoi-s(', that he in'ighi fail ui'inii Judns bjr
(light, aiid'iiml for that, |«ij')msi' «!i'taii'(ji*;f the
run»gate-.Iews a» giij'leS, the Kiiii of Matt ilhlBl
there had been niiioug tlm; nation.", he havitig i perci ivid ft, uiid i-esi>lrt'ii tii fall upon ti<<ise iliA'
oeen so iiiagnaninious and s'p lib('r:il that what
he had' was not sulTicii'm fotv'him, he therejM|t'
resolved tirst tu go iiito I'ersia, and collect Wie
taxes of that country. .IIereu|ioii he. left one
whose nam* was Lysias, who was iii-gre:(t re-
pute with him, jjoveriior of the kiiigtloin. Us far
as the bounds of Egypt, and of the lower Asia,
: and rwachi'ng from the river F'-uphvates, and r.ini-
. iniited to him a certaiq. piif t of hi.< lurces, and uC
his ele^hiintsi 4ind rharged him to bring up hi^
;«on Antiochns with all |K>*sK)le cure, until he
came back; and that,, he should cout^uec Judea,
and take its inhabitants for slaves, and utterly
destroy Jenisileni, 'and abolish the whole nation.
And whet) king Aiitioehus had giienthcse'thingii
in chargc'to l.ysins, he went, iiito Persia; aiiil in
the huiidned and forty-arventh year he passed-
over Kuphnites, and went up to tiie suiierior
provincri. ~ '
3. Upon this Lysias ehose Ttolemy, the son of
Dorymenes, and Nicnnor,; and (iorgias, .very
Jioteut Ineii among the king's friends, and de-
ivered to tht-tn Torty thoiisimd foot soldier;, nod
seven thouaaiid.hiirsehioiis and Kent them against
Judea, who came lis I'ar aa the rity Kinniaus,
and |)itched their eainp in the plajn country.
There came also to thV'in Auxiliaries out of Syria,
and the country rouh'l Jihoiit, as nUo, ninny of the
runagate Jews, And' besides these cnine some
■ \ '-.'■■. .33
1.1
v;
luicff that were in tlitir cainp, now their forces
were.diviiUd. When they hail (ben iori- siipiied
iiigood linie,. and had lel't many tins in their
camp, he oiarchc'd all iiight to thosi» iiieMiies
that were at Kimliaus; so that nhintior^ias
foiiml no enemy in theii° cniiip, but susp<it<d
that they were retinul and hiiil huhUn th<iii>ilii<
uniongtht- mouiilailis, lie rr>olved to go uii.l «ik
them wheresoever thet' were.- liut about Uiak
of day, Judas apiHired to those tnemlot lhat_
,were at Kii.niamj, With only three'tlioni.iiid meni
and tha^'e ill anMkl, by re;ijon of thiir puiiity,
and wlxn he s^w ttu; eiii-iiiy very wtllanilnkd-
fully fortilietkin their t:.im,i, he en ouraijtfl ihe
I Jews, and tohl them, ''that lli<<y ouKlit to f|;,ht,
; fhbiigh it were with' their md.e-1 iMtlirs, toi !|iiit
tiod had Fo'm<'tiiiie<<' of old git ui su h e r«ii
strength, and that 'aj'ain-t fill h an iteie in i ift— ^
hiimber, and were arnie i i.l-o, out uf ii, .<id to
their courage." So lie e oodiaiicled the tiuo.i'ul-
era to souna'fu.- the bsitth-: and by thu< f diA<l^
upim the eiii lilies when they did not <'\;<ii i iti,
and thereby astonishio^ ami eistuHviig />rHr
minds, hf fhw iii.iny of thu'^e (hat re*ist< d him,
and went on pursuing the' rii-t at fir as U " ara,'
and the plainsof Idiiaiea, und Ashilod. ad J,uil-
nia; ana of th<!'«' thcie fill about thne ti.ou-
sand.- Yet (li ! Ju>la< < xhoi'^ his s.jMiri* not tc
be too desirous of tiie ."p.iil/, fi^r that stdl they
■ ''- ■ .. •)■ ' 'ivi.
i
i
||V
'^^ "I . . .■ 'm\-
ANTIQUITIKH OF Tllfe JttWS.
-Ti I
■«\ /
360
^ mult hiTV ■ roDteit and A bMtle with (iorgiM.
ami the furc)'* that tferc with him; tmt that
wht'ii Ihcy had oiit:e ovfrcoiiiii thrill,: thi'ii thvy
might M-curily plunder the cuiiifi, brrwuie tliry
wt^re thv only vneiuivn rrniainiiiK.'aml th«y «x-
pcrled no olnrft. And jiut a* hiK^wai tpcakinit
to hill nulditTii, (iorgiai'n mm looked down into
' that ■liny whii'h lli«y left in their camp, and iiaw
that it v»» pvrrthrown, mid |hc camp 'burnt}
tor the <niukc that arime I'roni it ihowiid tht'm,
«vcn when they were iik,grcat way off, what had
happened, \vhen, tlirrrii>re, tnone (hat were
with (ibrKiiis understood that thinfot were in thin
Jioiturc, and |M'recivc'd that thimi: that were tyittr
uilai were ready to 6^ht theni, they Alio wcr^
alTrlghtrd, and put to llight; but tlicn Judas, an
. though he had already beaten (iprgiat't soldierH
nilhuut tigliline, returned and utiird on the
npniU. He tuuK a great qiiuHtity of gold and
Hilver, and purple, and blue, iiud then fiturned
.home with joy, and sini'ing liynina to (iod t^or
their good i>ucces!i; for tTu* victory greatly con-
I tributed tu the recuvery^M^their liberty,
5.° Hereupoa LyninsiviM confounded at the de-
. feat of the army ivhirh he hud tentt and the
next year he got together »ixty thounand choHen
men. fid utno took five thoutuiiit hornenirn, and
fell "^ipon Judea; and he went up In the hill-
<;nuiiuy of Uetliiiur, n village of Judea, anij
pitched hjji raiM|itthcre, wh're Jiidnn met him
with ten thou^:lnl^ men; and wlicn he naw the
groat Dumber of hi< enemieii, he prayed to Ooik
that he would nstii<it them, and joined battle with
thc-fir«t of tli«'>iiemy that iippcarrd, juid beat
tllem, and flexilibout five thoi^iand of lliem, and
thereby beraW terribb to tlie re»t of tliem.
Nay, inilced.Lyniua observing the gwul spiritof
the Jews, hovy (hey were prepared (o die i$j|ther
than lone their liberty, and being afraid' of tlieir
de»perale way of ligliting, as If il were real
•trengtb, lie took the rentuf Hut uriiiy bank Avilli
him,' and leturiied to Antiocli, where be listiSi'l
I'orcignen into the Hirviec, and prepared to f||l
unM^Judea with a'greatcrnnny . » i^''
oT When, therefore, the geiiend* of Antio^uj'n
armies had been beaten °o >jflct[, judasi n^«Helllbled
the people together, and tol'i|l.4li^iH, that '"^ after
these many vielorieti nliirh<iUtt<l had given <i|ieiii,
they ought to go ill) to JenisMfin, and purify tlic
temple, and oHer trie niipoiii^%acrifi''e».''. IJiit
V as soon as he, with tile whi^e iniilliliidb, was
come to JeruMleni, and foiiniltbe tcm|ili' drsert-
,' ed, and its gates burnt down, tfbd pl:iiil<> grotvin
and on ^lii! hundred fifty and third Olyliipiait:' '''-
but it Was dediraleil anew, on Ihc iwniK day, tit*
twpity-Afth of. tliK month Apclleui, on the huii-y
dred and forty-eTghlb year,/ and on the hundred
«nd flfty'-fourtl^ tjlyiiipiad. Ami this dcelaralion *.
rania ^to pais ucr.ording to the prophecy of Die
nici, ivhich was given four hundred and eight
} ears liefore ; for he declared that the Macei|o-
niuns would dissolve tliat worship [for some time.]
7, Moit )!iidas celebrated the festival of ikija
restoratioi} of th» sacrifices of the temple fbtiv'
eight days; and omitted no sprt of pleasures -
thereon;' but he feasted them upon very rich and
splendid sacrifices; anil ho honored Iiud, and -.
delightUd them by hymns and pMlms. Aiay.
they were so very glad at the reVWI of their
customs, when, after a long tiinc.of tlncrinissioD,
they uneXpect<<<lly h|id regained the freedom of
their worship, that they made it a law for their-
post<^rily, that they should keep a festival 'on M-
Count of the •Nslorntion of their temple Worship, .
for eifipht days. And from that lime lo.tAii wr
teltbmtellii* festival. MiJ call it 'Lights.' {
wpposeth* reason was, because this liberty be-
yond our hopes appeared Id ns: and that tfienre %
was the name given to that festival. Judas also •
rebuilt ihe walls round about the city ; and .
reiiMit lowers of great height against the incur-
sions of enemies; niul set guards therein. He
nUo fortified the city Kethsuia, that it might
iene as a citadel against any distresses that
*niight come Iruni our enemies.
• ' CHAP. vin.
y/ow Jiiiiai milidiud Ihe J^alinnt round aboufi
und hnth Simon beat Ihe fetple of Tyre and
iPtolemau; q:nd hiixo Judat overcame '/'imp-
ihtmt^ aitUJitrced him tojty aicaUtianddi^many
olhtr Ihiniri, after Joseph and Azariat had been
beaten.
} ); WilKX tttfw^ things were over, the nations
round about Ihe Jews were very: uneasy at the
ri'tivnl of their power, and rose up together, and
destroved many 'of them, as gaining qdvaiitage
over tfie.m liy laying snares for them, and making
secret consjiira'cjes aguinst them. Judas made
p);rpclnal expeditions a<'ainst these men, and .
eii<1eavorc(l lo n'strain tlieiii from those incur-
sion«, and to pre\'cnt the mischiefs they did (o
Ihe Jews. Sii he fell upon the I^uineans, the
posterity of K.saii'; at ArrBl)att»ne, and slew a
^^, _^ ^. ^ ^ •Treat many of them, and took Ibeir spoils. He
in the temple iif their own'accjor'd, on "accouiit I also shut Up the sons Of Bean, that laid wait for
of its desertion, be anxl those th»( were ivilh bini
brgiin to lament, and were ipiite eonfoundeil at
the sight of the temple; so he chose out some of
his soldiers, ulid gave them ordier to fight u][(ainst
those guards thi<t were in thi; nitndcl, until he
shpuhrhave purilied the ^empjc. When, there-
fore, he had carefully piirgiil it, and had brought
in new vesseN, the eandlcsnrk, the table [of
show-bread,] and thf( altar [Jf incense,] which
'were made of gold, be hung up the vails ut the
jjatcs, and added donrs to them. 'He also took
down the altar [of biirnt-oflering,] and built a
new one of stones that he gathered together, iind
not of such as wlere hewn with iron tool,*. So on
the five-and-twentieth day of the moiith Cusleu,
which the Macedonians rail Apellcns, they light-
ed the lamps that were on the canifleslick, aiiil
olTered incense upon the [allar of 'incense.] alid
laid the loaves upon tlie table [df show-bread,]
and olfere(l|l>nrnt-ol]erinj(9 uptbi the new altar
[of bumt-olwriiig.] IVoW it so'fell out, that these
things were4loiic on the very sauie day on which
their divine worship had fallen off, and was re-
duced to a profane and coininon nse, aflcr:th|;re
years' time, for so it vas that the toinpl« was
— i nadp de s olat e by Airtlochu s . and s o continued
for three years. Tlii.s desolation happened to
the temple in the hundred forty and fifth year,
on th« twenty-fifth day of the month Apelkus,
-V-
the Ji^ws, and he sal down aliout them, and be-
sieged them, ind Imrnt their towers, and de-
stroyed the men [that were in them.] After
this'he went tl|cnce in haste against the Ammon-
ites, who had a great and a hunierous arn^; of
which Timothtiis was the commander. And
when he had subdueil them,, he iciied on-tlie
city Jaicr, ami took their wives and their chil--
dreii.iBntives, and burnt the cityi^Hnd then, re-
turned into Judea, But when the neighboring
nations under.'itood that he was returned, they
got together in great numbers in the land oV
(iilead, and came against those Jews that were
at their bordem, who then fled to the garrison <>1
Dnihema; and sent to 'Judas to inform him that
Tiniotheus was endeavoring to take the place '
whither they were (K.d. And as these epistles,
'were n^diiig, there <!anie other messengers out
of (iaiilee, who informed him that th<e. inhabit-
ants of Ptolenwis, and-iof Tyre and Sidon, and
steingers of Galilee, were gotten tpi^ther.
2; Accordingly, iludas, upon considering what
was fit to be done, with relation to the necessity
both these cases requii'ed, gave order, that Simon y
hit brother should take three thousand chosra '
men, and go to thea s si st anc t of the Jews i n G a li- —
lee, whilst he ami another of his brothers. Jona-
than,m.-ule haste into the hind of Gilead, with eight
thousand soldiers. And he left Joseph, the son
BboR XII.-CHAP. IX.
m
rliipiad;' '
lay. «h*
he hull- ^
^umlred
luinlioii
r of D«.
Ill I'iKht
^lact'ilu-
»• time.]
of ibjB
iipl« fb'fr t;
rich anti
)u<l, mill ^
I.; Aiay.. .
of their
iiiitsioD,
nIoiii of
for their'
ll 'on nr-
ivpnhip, .
i.lhii ne
!ht«.' I
ffty b«-
t tlicnre
ilna »\w
ly ; and ,
>'e int'ur-
>in. Ill-
it miKht
sei that
\d aboWi'
Vyre and
e^ Timo-
i\4 many
had betn
e. natioaa
y at the
iher, and
dvaiitagr
ll making
ln$ niiidi-
leii, and
le incur-
y did \o
'AM, the
i »\ew a
Dili. He
wait for
and be-
and dr-
] After
Amnion-
arii^ ; ol
ir. And
d oii-the
leir chil-"
llicBs re-
ghboring
icd, thry
hind ol
hat were
irrison bi
him that
ihe place
B epn^tlcn
igers nut
I, inhabit-
don, and
er.
iag trhal
necessity
lat Simon ^
d 'Ch0!i«B
> in G a li- —
«( ZvcKariai, and Atarini, to be over Iho r*il of
the fore.*; and charie.l tlufli to leeji Judeifvery
carcfolly. and to fight no battle, tyilh any pf r-
■Oaa whomsoBTer until »*Kturn. Ari;or<llii|ly.
Simon w»nt into Oalilee, anirfntiKhl tlir ene^iy,
and put them to Highl. «nd puri«ut d them to the
very Ettti* of I'toltinais, amhiltw about three
thoiitand of theiil; and took the .noiU of those
that *«f« •l»'n« ""'' """' ■'*""' "''<'"' *'"■> """
-made captives, wi»h their baggage; and then re-
turned Uoiiie. , L, u
3. Now at for Judtti Maccabeus, ahd his bro-
ther Jonaihan. (hey (mwed ovc^ the river Jor-
• <lat>; and when they had gone th||;e days' jour-
ney, they lit upon the Nnliateans, who cnin« t»
meet them peaceably, ami who told tlwm hojT
th« alfalrs of those In the land of (ialilce stood;
' apd how many of them were in distreis, and
driveii into garrisons, anji into the cities |f (j«1i-
lee; ami exhorted hintVilo make haste Irf go
against the foreigners, mid to endeavor to save
his own countrvmen out iif th^ir hands. To this
.xhortHlioii Jaiias hi arkined, and relurneil info
thp wilderness; and in the fir#t nlace ffcll upon
the inlmbitantt of Bosor, ami took the city, ami
beat the inhabitants, and destroyed all the niulet,
and all liiat were able to fiKl«.t„and burnt thi/ city.
Nor did he stop evfn whin night tame qh, but
he journeyed in it to^ the garrison wh?re the
Jew's Imitpnied to be tbeusiml up. ai"^ J»l'e>e
Timotlieui. lay round the pW with his army:
.A and Judas came Mpon tlic citftti the iiioriiiiig;
and when he found that tin; enenij- ?vere making
/, an assault upon the walls, and that som^tof them
' brought ladders, on ivhich thoy mlglit get upon
those walls, and that others broughLmgiihut to
[bittter them,] he bade the tnim|)j|)« «<> "W,<H
•bis trumpet, ahd lie encourag«IF his soldiers
cheerfully to undergo dangers for thesnke of tlicir
bri'tiiren and kindred; he also itvlcd his army
into three Imdius, and fell upon the ^acks of their
enemies. Hut when Timotlieus's men perceivwl
that, it was Maccabeus that was irjipn theimM
botli'who«e courage and good success in war th«y
had formerly hud mi(licieiirixperience,th.,v were
put KjlVighl; but Judas folHAwed them with his
army, and slew about ei(;ht thousand ol them.
ihe cify.atid sl'csr them, ahd burnt the temple, and^
so ttled several ways of destroying his eiiemiet
He 'then turned aside to a city of theA#eignirs
called Malle, and took it, ami slew all tBVi mules.
"and burnt the city itself. He then removed froin
theijce, and overthrew Cn«pht)m, and Bosor^ and
many other citii'S of Iheilmid of Gileiel- .
4. But not long after tti^^, 'rimotlieus prepared
a great army, and took niwriyothers as auxilia-
' rics, and mduced some of the Arabinns, liy the
promise of rew.irds, t,p go with him in'tbis expe-
dition, and.came with his army beyond Ihe brook,
over against the city of Raphon. And he ViU'"'-
raged bis scddier*. if h came to a battle wirtjlie
Jews, to fight cdtfrageouslv, and fo hinder tlieir
passing over the brooks" for he said to them
beforehand, that " If ,theA- .come over, we^,sball
be bc»ten." And when Juuas heard that 1 Muo-
iheus prepared himself to ^gbt, lie took all hi*
ifwn army, and went in haste against Timotlieiis
hi!) eiiifuji and when he hiid pasted ovef>tlie
brook, lie fell upon his enemies, and some M
them jnc' him, whom he slew, and others of
them lie so terrified, that 1^f• compelled tliem to
throw Jown their arms, and fly; and somc'of
them escaiied, but some of them lied to what
was called ttie temple* at Carnaim, and hoped
thereby to preserve themselves; but Judas took
*Tliercawin why nethshan v>uit called Set/fAo/xi/'*
IS well known from lIcriilotuB, ft. I. p. 10.1. and Pyn-
cellus P sit, that the Sryihiana, when they overran
■ Asia 'ill Hl&<l''y'' "f Josiah.aciJied.oii this city, nnri
: kcnt'it as Hiii!.os lli«y continued in Asia, from »vliirh
time It relaineil tlie ifcmo of Scj)tkopBlu, or <»« ci(» «/
thtSr>,thiani>. ,,._.,_, .min'n of all Urn roll-
6. When he hail done this, he gathered th«
Jews together, with th.ir children and wljret,
agd the substance that Ih longed to tbeiii. «nd
«^t going to bring them back inin J udrf: buii*
soon as he was'ciiiiie to a certani city, wbote
name was Kphrou, that lay u|)im<he road (en*
at it wtt not possible for him to pi any other
way, to he was not Willing to go back iigain,) ha
then ti'nt to the inbabitaiitt, add-desired that
they wouhl open their gates, and pirmil them to •
go on their way through thecily for tin y bad.
stopped up tlii iatet with stones, and cut off
their passage thr^igh.it. And when the inbubil-
ants i>i K.phron w<ii)id not agree to this proposal .
he encouraged iho** thaliifere with him.aiiil en-
compassed the city ItoMiid, and besieged it, and
lying round it l>v day and night, took the city, and
slew evt;ry niali in it, and burnt it all down, and
so obtained a way tliroUgb it; and themutlituao
of those that were slain was to great that they
weiit over the dead bodiei*. So they came over
Jonlan, and arrived at the great jdaiii, over
acaliist whiclf is tUuafe the cilyt.l ||<tli«lmn.
H-liich is called l.viietireeksScythopoli*.* And
•oing away hastily from thence, they tame into
luden, singing psa|m» and livmiis aslliey went,
nd iiiduliiing siich|tokens tif mirth lis are usual
ill triumphs upon Ticiory. Thiv olto oil. rei
tliank-ollirings, both for their good success, and
for Ihe preservation of their army, for init one ol
the Jews was slain in these battles.t •
6. But as to Joseph, the ton ol /arharias, and
Anarias, whom Judas left generals [of the rest of
the forces) nt tlije same time when Simon was IB
tinlilee, fighting against llie |ie.,ple ol I'tolemais,
jiiid Judas himself and his brother Jonaihan were
in the luiid of tJilead, did these mi u also allict
the jrlory. of being courageOHt generals in war,
ill oWet-wlierilo they took the iiriny that was
under their c8iumnnd, ami came to Jaiiuiiu.
There tiorgias. lift general of the forces lit Jam-,
nia.met theiii; ami ii|K»n joining battle w(Jli iiim,
they lost two thousand of their army,! ambtlf'l
awBv, And were punsued to ihe very ImlnU-rs ol
Juiji** And ibis mii.fi.rluiie befell Itieiu by their
diiniffiiiieftce to whiit injiiuclions Jiidus hin.f piven
tlieiiSPrlriit to liahl u'ilh any one i)c loVe Ins re-
tiirn." Kor becides tlie rest of Jiiduss siigiiciout
■fs'
g"
Ju
i
1 This n i osi providoniinl prcsprvat i _
tioutJewsIn this esimlitlo.i. «li„:h was nrrordinf to
llie w.lli.f i:»d. i•.o^s, rvallcoP.;. .im'."u' :-' "rpeopK
iLeJew aiidsmsertl.jlve" IiV it m I'.ocliaii^-esor |
c.mnsels, one may well wonder nt this coniirning
the misfortune lint befell tlie f.irci s commanded
l)v .Inseph aii.rAtarin». which lie umler«t<.od
would happsn, if -ikM broke any of the iiiiunc,
lions he had piveBBfti. But Judas and hit
lirethren did.iiot leaVTolf fighting with Ihreidu-
ineans, but pressed upon them oh all sidej
toi'ik from Iheiii llie city of Hebron, iiml deiii
tfti all its fortilicaJiims, and set all its toweT
lire, and bilrnl'tlie country of t*«; for. igii. rs and
the city of iMi»ri»«»- 'I'h'y <»""' "'•"' •" AsliuoU,
ami took it. and laid it waste, ami took away » ,
great deal of the spoils in^l prey iliatwere in it,
and returneil to Judea. . .'
CHAP. IX. • ^
Cohcf mtdfi- the Pfalh of .flntinrhii Kpiphatitt.
Horn Jhitiockut EiipntnT f'iu-;hl aeatnit.hi-
•las, atel hcaif^C'l him ?» /7i< 7Vihj>{c, nn</ nl-
Uricari made Htare wilk him, and dirarUd.
Of Alcimus and (iniiis. ■ -^
' 8 r ABbuT this time it was that king Aiilio'liusj
I as lie was gotng over the iipp< r coiiiitrii -; In arU
the ftmr mnnarrliies, wMrli were also providential
Bee Vrideaur,nt the years :i;il,:a-).niiil.Ui. -*,?■-
tHcre Is another treiil insii.nrcof I'ravidenre, tfTal
wlien.even at the vcrv lime Ihaftsmioi. aild J.i.liis a,iid
J«n..tii4n were so inirarulu.isly preWTved. ninl WesFed.
in llie Jusi defcnre of their li.wt anij rehaMiii, iliew.
other neneridsof Ihe Jews.wl.owenttof\»ht for honor,
i " axMinglorioiis wnv. and withwit any /.ynw;?*-- .
in iiii^.,. ._^^ — .^^ — - » -i l iin tod el i » cttti ein , «
rrom<:od.i>rllclami'ylehudiai».diipt
were m|iernMv dis:iiipum:< d and dcioateU ^ee i
MaCCBl; 1.01, •'-
rs. Jona-
vilhelght
, the son
— V
t:-'*.
m ''Si
li^ .)|h nil Mfiny <it' iiii rrt a»riiMr,
J, . nwli nicii AI«o uf nUowii kiii^l
, 111 Hii Hp«i (ii for «iir. Air-ir.liii||,
hj wii»j^i.ll«(wi,| of nliout II Imnilni) lliol
UliMii, mill t<K-niy lliounaiiil JiuinkiKen'
-..nZ-tno tji-phHiila.. t - ' V ' S
; <•■;'<; Iht! 1iiii(f took tlii* »ril|u nmJ tin
, haiitilj out 111 Aiiliodi, tvitli I.v,l«(i, v«)i(. Uamn
ioiimiunri of U,f wholi , kikI inimaii idiii^iaSj
« Jiir thr-j^M.jfcjJ,., llintwH, Mrons, iiml not to I..,. 1i,ki-n wltfiol
Bjm.iiin.<llh...r|....l, .i.:b.hI it.. >ml whilf IJ,.; inl.iibrtM.l'ii.t hn
, |IO
lile (»ii'»»(
.tliAt 4lii« jk
iiiC'l
1'"l-
:k:i,.
3^ ' ■
■ JO •ili^rti#e;,|i|,
cr«(iwa i,|W,i ),i«i,f
>huBl((Uifl|i(i"»«ll((l.-t,Ui)
,, to ma; lij^d (oUt^if
,ft,rBUi!^)^,«sii< i(Oi)t i(„
'■^ ■'^(rtfifln (l)i(iji III
n«*V'Pfi '"«l »"H<I •'•'tI^ K*v<; 111! Ih« (jlMi.t!
%W *'i''>S»'>""'''t"Wl'oM)itif uf(,MtV;,lfe. .
>iJ*W<j;h iHliWWWe II (r,„„| „„yi7 y<;t ^
Brhtu ij/.d fwcmis.. Ih' lio.j litmir-
*i« Hni|i|«^f Iii„„„ ill ivjiiTiij-
itic) (|<(ii ibMi)f,» liiit not kct^iilly
. jviiirtlily. 6i" i^iiirrnhiiM'iit. ■ B^.if
(Wiiji timt .Vil.tiixJuis ihiiH Ijwt' hii
«;onlit, ii; is iiiiKtti iixire pnibillili)
. ^ i - r^a''«i' on "rrtiuflt of lii* nirrili)«f>u»
'P'U'XPf'flp.W^'li' (• iil|)!<. at .li diM.lciri. Hi^t M'e
•w!'iiioli.<''ithMl)l nbrfftt til!') iMiiii.i- uHlh'th^itie
.•.'*W^;j W'Jm jft^lWoHs i» il<«r« till- trutli ihin
f*; 2. H|»»»«V<vr, 7hi<io«'hijVl«forr hr .liprl, cnljml
for flnJiii, »vBl> *ai <)i)«;</f liiit (■iliiiniinioiii tnil
'"".' ^'tw§ "'"' •"», Khrih.ni, „mi hi, ,i„^, ii.o.ii.Mn,, mid- l«.t I i, fri ,,1^^.^ .^ ,, 'I^ifi
f^ m« «o|i*;Mm(.tiiK?; ai|.l <l,iHr.«U in. tolriko I no li.M,tti..k.<.l tli« .nrmv v||> ,,|„, ,.x,„„r 1™ o
■ dredJatTitv i^Jj b,;, ± Vu if 'I '" "T '";"■ i^'^^'t ^''?"'^^ '"'«»'"« i""" "'"'"^ ■^"' »*■»""
th»t flHi"S-M,uT(.!^ff r l^V . . r" ''I''"" '^7»'"""'''' "■'" '""-"'t'«i»^«« li". <l "Snin. Wh..n
lijBi II. yjufi <i tin .i,iHji, to the iaiiltiiud.', i;iid nii- .luifax ««« His, lii-.un,jiol i..iritif.l iiii i-ff/iivi,!
JvKr - ""■ J'-*'.) ""'t callc^ I.I..I »ixhtni.li„l„(ilu.iir,ir,.nkJ':i{ui,«l..„),isU."
[ ;*^, M i;.^. .i-i i^ Wa. .hat th.. ^.i-rison i„ .We IIJh^.I'S^P ^llXn^^'^ll^li-^iilr^^^fC
„ .-. ^.,.,. ....,., ,„.; i. „„„,„. .Iliilf 11*11)
»Vra*»ttr!i-<'.iiHl)- ftppoMd him, niiil.«iillii<l 'iOii-m
ii|t<.iiiiiiili unU liurntlii. .ngln.H df wqr, h teet' V"
rfMl *f «Hiii; w».||irnt in IG.- .irgiv .<ii.it whiiV., .
•Ii 'N: TO*;;' "l^. »»>»■■ kinsV tiiiniiiif. hf,.*«M*<J'.l|M- ,
^■,8'\,"'!!*»i¥''*'«J./«nd III"'. lli.'tinK.jHjd Ji^tditiij'-
,«pi>JH* .fliiup iii-mrtain «lnMl», at ii plite ciiUart:
Btthziitttuiriah, at. th.: di.^lniKu of feifcHlyfur-
Ipris;. Irttiii iht: iiudiij i hut. the kins ►doirdw-w '
m»,.liirr»tr£i%m Jkjlhitura, ami >iro4»;htjh.-Hi'to .,
tho^^ (.t^ltjj Antljifi soon a» it wax ilni, he'iiul ■ • ,
'/!'?. "v' "'i'"V'l<' afr»\ , and cln hii i'liphuiiitr; ■
folJoW i)n(itt|,„th.T tfiroiiKh thv niirW.wMsWft' v'
■b<'<'tin«i( thpy I'uuhl nut l..'««.i| niiliiv.ivii liViOifei i^'''
Htu^Uvr. ,y>iovi' ^oniitl -Blviut cv«rv ' '. 1. jANi»t ; : ' i -
iIk'II- vvi'rt' i»thon«uiid fontiivn,ani1'frn-*uiii(iriilr'
horsfiiuu. 'thr <'lt phiiiitii ulso tiatt; liiL'h Ii.W.iy'.Jt^
[iijiort thi If backn.j ^ncl urrhqi-« [iriii.h. in.] iVn
hf ul»p,niuil» tliB T»»t of hi., army to p
iiionnl^inii, and tmt hiH fri.inl, h<.fo»e t
.WKfJlljih
II "' V -""till u» iMir Jews:, loi
^ohli.iii that (fM$i,v»nr^tliUt garriniyi riisliiil
upon the sudden, .ahd diitrovt'd such as
poiiifj ftji to t|r l.'iiiidr in oVil.V-tnr oH'i'r th<
VIllKC, for this citHdl I lllli.)lllfftr-|o" ;
look.d tht ti-nipU:. ,\Vh.'n th.'sn inisfortini.!» i upon
liail oftun tiu|)|.. iiijl, to t!i. Ill, Judiig reaotvcd to Ldlafh
u. 4tro\ that <r:irri4iin ! » lift^.i/iw^i, h,.,»,^« ..II /u.. .«.!.._
Iiiiii, he altnrk.d jiin. «vit(i gr^at
firavi'fv. lie ul«o slew iiiiinv of th
ibout tlie , elephant, (Hid «:aitei:i.tl ,
•len went nii'ler th^bdly of the <
iVtite liini, and klew him; so tin
upon l",liii«ar,-niid by his mi^ht «•
Aii't thus dill this man riiiii
.<licrtu.H)n h.'-pot al tKe I When he Im l,ij,..t cour..Sfe.«i,.|y deitrj
roiisly hesi. sed thosc.l of, hi» em nii*'.. . ".-.'.-
1 ills «a8 .„ the hun- ] 5. But Ju,l,-,s, se.in:? the .ttenglh of tli.
li.e doiniiiKm of the Se- , mV. r.tired to Jerusalem, a.ul |>r.pared t,. ^
part
«|. «tro\ that j;;irri«oii j
peu|il< together, iiiuU
til it w< re i:i tlie lilifl
il nd and fiflictii j't-
l.n..d».. ;<.'h.Mna:l.yen.;ii,es,,fvvar;antre^.^; ia'siep...- A^ f,rAmi,>ei,us"lie ifit i
ed b.il.vnrk, «nd v,,v ,..:,h„i,ly preM. d On to i nrniv N, l^ tluura:?;! h,'"e.'. it A, ,vi,h'jWi
taL. ''''=>''."l'^l"'Mheiv Here not a U..vof.he:re.t„f his army 1.; came again,t&
n«^l!:::^r:;i:^:i:;;!e±';;:°t:r^i''::/„;;^ ';^ s;±;!^%'^"""-';^';'' 'r- '"•"'"« -^ -^'"l
Rmn V.I 7,.h.. n.s„ ,c.m»..., (u.,e l-ecn m.idi tile | i"^?,e?i* w"e i 1^,^^^^^^^^
■ c i t . t lia t he h i nriiui n l ie
ll«wevcr,'.Ui.ce Jp,ephui speak, here prBpcrly of the ' lli,. h« wa« .*„ but ,.«.■ yc.rsold
Antlnehnt
. I(riin|(.rt^
^ur.e,. Hj.
eutHyig'iS
•■■^j^il ■•», 151
)|ii.|«)i
*" thrt.iSo It,
, *ifh»l •f.iit-
'■j)»lit,»nd
continuiid
. T«*r, oii»'
let itilie .
tin* l*»ien
.iilit but a
0, Audi
C<i of.<ueli
-- ihen, bei'u
■lid A.itiii
Ptiili|»«aii
Mraf eiiiteH
lie albiirs
. (Hiieiila. ti
to'ko. apii
Ui le. this
olTlcers; . I
. upeak opei
. . i*ilhout •<
Vhiliii; an
'would Illy
utroiifj;; .1.
viniuns; t1
ei r. guhi
Uliike a if!
■^ friends .n
. ti/obs^-rve
, . broke 'out
^leprivcd t
Lysias Uai
:'' iirinv anil
'. resolution
7^ ceil
^ lonetf to g
' make uiie
.heir fatlii
poiaU^uii
, oa.h.iih-l
teniple. I
tw hu\y
,i^S OR.h», and
pluck dot
' n^'ha.t fu>
" carried wi
• also rallec
/ ■ to slay Ml
' nuict, luiil
l|' that ibie
, the Jew.,
Iher to cii
their fathi
. rea, a cit
death, wli
He had b
idbrder
CO|ii|.£lle<
\avii Af
Wwalso
' jk But wbeii
already p
: «niade iva
tboli him
•on of II
•Itlum
.cmdof' inc
* ' ■ *iut«^cKr
ace Appinii taiiirlni uK,
ilicranie
in.
<»
w
6m)K XII.-CIIAP.
2ft3
hiutu mm trrriflr?) at hit i r.irmcil jrnu, «r«« Tcftoirhilrf when Mo fHllirr <li«di
iiiirlvrt iinun Ihu »• 1 Mrncliiiii. *n<l givrii llif hii^h |>rir«llii><nl l>i Al
t H-h«4V ,.
ji^iiJiJ.*;' ■'.■
rnlJivt:
t*- fur" .'
II .drew '.
'•■H> to •. ' ■
i'h-("<»|:-:,^ '•
iiihNiM|.':': ■-. .
iiMirtlb:.:
lliiitB i. '
whi n •:
\Vh.;ft ^' '
:(iv((l
tilx
'eurtijr <i|''(!ik&|I>, llmt (h«]r •liiiiilil ■uHKr nii tmnl
^irieitiiMl^i^.'/flplii lli« kiiiK. Aii>l whtu /Vnliixhna
_)itii tliD Cily, hr iltil (liriii nu (itlii r
' iriiim<'ntlii>||; IIkiii yul imii'ti. |l« iiUu
Kcil'h Kiirriaiiii iiC hi* own iti ttir tity.- Hut ■•
Wit. (|[t4it|>U' or,Ji'ruiiiili'ii\, tir liiy lit ilk titei' » I
Jk'li.ttiv, while fh«y->wfUiiii Univiiy (l^rnxlKil it, ;
^,'ril||^Wbt >'UKiiir< ktM'VtT the kij'i^ at-t HKiiiiii>l
'^biH4M9<^y ••'(•■'ihiT eiiKiiir* W!'<i" '" u|i|Hiai'
;''^' ihtii^^ lint tht'ii thiir |>i'i>viai<iiia Cviilril thilu;
Mrhnt ariiila iilT Ihr Kruiiiul Iht-y hud ^aid up wi ro
'atwlit.iaiiiJ |h« liinti iHiuf; ikiI jituuichwltjiul ji'itf,
cuDliiiuud iiiiMiwrd, liii'iiiiar if.wiia ihn ti'Viiith
, f«iir, oil nhirh, hy uur Uh*, »'<■ wri- ijiliifid to
let it^lii! Ulicullivuttil. And withiil ao niiiii)r of
tbti rit<iiii'^ d niii uw»y fcir w.niil ol' iiri^vaauriia,
that but iHVw ntiljr win- left ill Ihr ti'iii(im-
6, And tlie*c.hii|<pririHl III bc'lhr I'irruuittnn-
cti ofnuch Ha wvri- biaitgt'd in thr ttinuU'. Kiit
^ — ihni. iMiiittiiM' l^'xiuis llm K<'n*«'<'' "f "'* ■''a')'
nild Anliiichui, the liingi wtr*: intDnurd tnitU
' I'tiilllt-tiH* ('(lining iipiiii llieiii out of I'l raia, iiiid
waa i'iidt:HVor.iH^ to K't the inanH^<.''<i<'"t of pub-
lic albiira tti hiniHilf, ihcy came tiitu Ihrai; urn-
tiuit'iila. to IvBVP the al(|;»i ■'■>d to niiik.)' bna'ti-
to'ko. upjoiml !'hili](; jit did they rriolvi: not
td lit tbia bit known to thr aoldimi nor to the
olTK-'era; . but Ihr kiujC comiUHiided Lyxiiia to
. aprak openly to the* ».ildirfa and the ollirrrk,
I. . without aiivlii^ a word about the bualnria of
l^hilip; Rou to ihliuialr to Ihriii Ihnt the aiif^r
'would Irtf ytrv loilg; Ihiit the pjaoe ivaa very
xlrpnij;; thiit liny vui re alrrady in want of pro-
viaiuna; tliut iiiiiny ulVairt of the kin)rdoj)i want-
; ei^ riK<d>>tion; iind llmt it wua inucli btittvr Ut
itiake a J<'at;iii' with (hi betirgMl, and li) berunie
'^ fi'icuda to thi- Vrh'ilc nntiun, by niTinillinK tiirin
. toobaf-rvi! llir liiWHof thrir iittlirrs, while ihiv
, . broke 'but into lliii wur only btrnj^e llir
ilnprivi'd of ihiiii.aiid >o ti^d^Ai
Lyaiaa had di-Kuiirsud t(tm To
"farinv nnil Ihr oiVK'irii
-. reaolutioi).
fiinua, who wiia not of thr hi|th |irii<ai atoi-k, hut
aa iniltirril by l.yaiaa to trun'>litlo thxl liif^hity
from bi< lAinilv to nnolhrr hoixr, br Ih'd to Itnl-
' rin> , kiii^ of V.K} j>t i anil win ii hr found bi* wa*
,ih K'rHt lalcriii with biiii, Hnd wiih hit wilr, ('!■!•
I oiMitra. br ilmiri'd and oIiI^oih I n plvrv in i'<a
NuiiiU'< iif llrlio|>olii, wbtri'iu hf liuili n tfinple
\ bkr to tlxit of Ji'ru«idt'in, of tihiih, ||ii ri I'orr, ura
^ ahall jirrrul'UT give un uirrounl, in H pliicr uiura .
j pru|H r for it,
" ClIAr. X.
I /low ftacr.hiJtt, iht litnrr'il of Dtmilrivt't
.fifmii, ntaile an j'i/iii/i7iv>' >ia'"I'ij( ■/ii<'>4,
and ri/iiriirr/ iiilhiinl Snrrriin; ami Aow .Wru-
nor una fenl a IHlli 'I'liitr nj'hrwt.rdt nxiintt
Jmlai, niul jteriilitd, lorillitr ii'i/A hit .tritigt
amiti' conrtrr.inji^ the Utu'.h «/ .'Ilcimui,an4
tht Snccttfiaiinf .liidnt. ^ .
Ij I. AimIut tlic aiiiii' tiiur, Drmitriiia, thr wn
of H< lriivu«i Hid iiway frmnK'i.nie, nnil liok
Tri|H)li, a rily of Syriu, niid *>•% tin iliiulnn oti
hia own bind, llr aUo f^iiUtiirnl rirtain iiiirce-
nary aulilirratof^itbi f, unil iiiii nil tiitiUiin |.lii|(-
doni. iind Wii« joyfiilly ri+ruid by (ill wh.) ile-
liverrd tlii'm^rlria nn i i hiju. Ami whi n tliey
hail tiikin Aiitio>'hiiii ihi' kiiiK, nml l.y.oiii", lliry
br()n|;ht Ihnii to him iilivr; liolh i.iiuh wrri' iin-
uieiiint) ly put to driilli by ihi- lonimiind of [)«!•
iiiftriua, wlirn Aniioi'hua h.'id r<'.<;iii>l two yrar*.
iia no hnve alrinily (Urnhrrr ribitcd. ttul
ihfrr tvirr now inuny of llu* wirki'd Jrwitb
niiiuXRli'i ^hiit rnnir to^tlhcr to him, and with
Ihcin Ah'iiiiu?! th)' hii{h priitf, wbo ai'i'U'<ed iha
Whnli- nation, and pirtiirularly Jiiibia niiil hit
blvthri'ii; nad «nld, Itiat " thry h.at <la'in all hit
friiiida, find llint thour i>i lii< kiiiKiloio that wriv
of biiY^'tV, and ivuil<'il (or hia nturn, wi'rr by
thrm {lUl liilralh; that thiar inrn had lyrrteil
ly bt'Ci^e IhCKJVi r^i thrm {Uil liilralh; that tuiar inrn had itrrtei
d^Art nonW'. '•iPFIirli'i^M'u) out of their own I'oahtrv, nml rauaril thri
tiienii'liollt. thi:
>M:te pivuai'd with this
t-l.n
«or«,
J, liut »,
nchwt ^
i-anie
73,
\ S"
7»iJ i;c'*iTH\!;'y> the kiii;; «<nt to Judn«, and t^
^,|^1>u|P'thiit |yt:rr bisirpcil ivil'i thi in, and pro-
'™ iaaf'f to givi' iIh'io peiiCi-, aiiil lo prriuit thrat to
liiakp uiiv of, and live ncciirilina: to, Ihi^ ,lnwj<tof
their fathiTs. ' And tlUy gladiv rcttivrd hi* pro-
pof uUj^ uii>r tvhen iFKy had gained mi iij^iiy u{ion
oath, lor Ibrir prrfonunnce, tUey ivei)* out of.th'e
temple. Ikit wIk'M Antiiif""
i«W how atrong thr pla<
oathn, and ordered hU n
pluck dowir thewuila to tb'LJBHW^'""' ^t'l>*'i>
n^'hait u>Mo|irMbr(t^rnedtf9pWoi'hi. he ul
carried with him Onina, t MHW Hi" priist, win wu<
slao palled Mejieliiiyi ; /u|l9V>"« Hi| viard lh« ||U('
to alay Menilauar if.hCw^PId havi;, Ihp JewOe
nuii't, luid raute him no fu|;ther<di.'Wr^»Bce, for
that ihie miili wua tin; origin of ull ini! iiilnphiif
, the JeWK hj«Ldonc theiil, by pernu I'lian l>||i^a-
ther to couuaBhe Jtwa to leave. tnn|relii(ion of
their fathin^io the kins^ «!cnbMei>d|||ii> to Re-
rea, a city ;tf Svriuminrrlliere had'Himi put to
death, wheil he finit'.nfjcn high priest ten yeara.
Re bad.bien#n'ieki;(l tind au impioua man; and,
inilrder to ^et the gkjvet^nent ti; hiiu,4«||lV hiid>
coiii|i^llpil hia iiat4on to Vraiisgi
law^ After the (kntli of Menelai
Vrvif also Palled Judiuifa, waa \\
But when kin(; Antii|t'hua founi
already [m.^aes^i d hiibailf of th<
<niade ivar »<;ain!>t him, and au
tdoll him, mid' eVeW him. Now
•OB of the liiBh pfie.ntt who, a!
■ "It In noway proM'Ic that JSiicp))^?
: ebMo*. that l>ll(rr afid MOoily «nertiy
'~'~ tt^eaent cppiet have ii. a ifoiid miiit,
^MU^t th«tut|ior of tkc^m ^
iiCHrilk
iii1lip7
>»-
to be :i ijiiiH'iiera in a fori.inn -liad; nnil they dfi-
aiie'l^lliiil Ittt n'liulil neiiil Doi.ie one of hia owp
•fcienilijl^iiil '^khow froMi hiai what niiaphief Jii-
iIiik'* (lartv had done.''
I. W tfiTi, l)rnii iriiiK vmt verv nnpiy, and aent
ItHei'iiiihs; a friend Ai Aiitioi^iUn Kpiphaiira, a
Kpo i itian,* and (fne thai had l>e<n inlruated with
afl Mi>o|io(.imiiy; Jiii'd ;;Hve him an army,, and
ii)iU(niU}i| A'''"'"'' the bi'jb prii»t to hia pare,
'UiilrKiitT biilit pharj^e to ^l»y Judaa, and thoae
luiii. So liaiebidra iiiiule haale,
bfjiAntiodh with hia a^iny; and
_i~—T-- - 'W.PiiivP jnlo Jiidea, be <i«nt to Judai
'!i<|ffTu^retlg<'Ht% d^riurse with hiih about a
leai;t4HKt^^()CeTiiij^:i(l'pt ai'e, for he had a mind
to f.iKt^llil^ bv tri'airhery; l(iil Judna did not
i;ive rredii tTv (ihu, for h<^0w iitj^l li(> paiiii'
Stu great an^riyy aa nien^Kmit bring .*4h
t'oiiio -to innkr peaec, K||BL> niahe il^ary Mo'
ever, '»oi»e (If. the'JieopTT' Bri|'*iesprda \t\ i|lh|il
ItacrhldeW Paiix^. lo 1^' praelaiiiird ; indMii>)H>-
A\i% ihe/ahould underifq no ejiiaiderable, bi^mi
friyu Aiciinua, who wu> their eiiuntrjjjbanl th*;/
went over to theial and wlien.tpevhnd /e^iv^d
oaths froiji both,^hria, ,f hat n'amll (hey. them>
arJvei';; iio{ thoiip of the aahieaenlinieiiiii, should
come to any harm, they i|||Lra«ted tlicniMlvtfii
with thcin; butJW.diiilraWWdiled hlin|l«f not'
nbont the oatljia he had tiTkrii, and alew threa-
•i'ore of thehi, idlhoiigh ''jP**^ ^iBi'NK ^'^ '^""''
with those that first i,weAt.oviirniC'oSerre^.
■\.;
ul*'''
■w-a^-
the' real, who had iitlentioiK to^o ovri-'iUhhiiiiut|9,^]^,.
from dotil'' it. ISut aa he >y»8 Rone out of J*iu*'^ . ■-■'■
saleui, aiiii was B^ the village i:nljk^lie(h/«tho. .
he sent gut and c.Bl^ht many <if i^ dekrten. \ '\
whonr Jpaephua heri foiloy. 'lnalc«dof\tliaf f harae^
ter, snys or lilin la, 111%!. tie \*Ba a greml man la 'kt kfg^
ivm, and faith^
iljf^Oiephi
n king ; whith wai Tcrjr pro-
lingaliA-'
■1* «►-
^>\.
,V ■■-:y.
ANTIQUITIES OK THE JEWS,
Mil luni* of (he ptoplc (lid, tnc) tUm thtiii nil;
■iid riijoiiH'il all lli«l lifVd in iIid cuiiiilry lo iub-
•lil lu Alciiiiut. So h* Un him iht^ri', with (oiuc
Crt or Ihe ariujr, llmt he ini|(hl haw whcrawith
kr.p Die louiilo in otiiclitiict, antl relurnail
,: to Arai<M!li, |i> kliiKl>viii)'(riiii.
3. But Alciiiiua wiia dekiruua lo hav« (hit ilof
JHni'in iiiui^ liriiily auuretl to him; ami umlrr-
Man'tiiiK. that if hi' cuulil briiiK it alwiil that ihe
miiltllii Ir •houlil lir hU I'rii iiiU, hr •houhiyovri)
■ with ((rxatir »eciirity, hn iiihIii' kinil woyU til
thrill nil, hidI i!i»coiir»<ril lu iHch iil t'lrin a/t<Wn
HrtrHblf. nnil pliaiiinl maluirr, hy ithil'h iii«ant
bt imlrkiy harl m gnat liiMly of iiit n miil an army
•tuiili^hiiii, ulthiiUKh Ihe Krvulrr pur*' of tlii'iii
w»r« of tha wickril, and the ileiiertfM. With
lhr»f , whom he uicd iia hi* atrvanU uhd anldirrt,
, be Wfiil iiM oviT Ihi- couiilry and alrw nil Ihiil
be v„iild lin.l of JmlaaV piirlv. Hiil »h« n Jmlna
MW thtil Ali-iliiiia waa alri-ady lieromr Kraal, and
had il-i'Blroyrd miiiiyr nf the gDod and liiily mm
of Ihii niiuiitry ; he hIho wmt all over the coun-
try, and lirtroiiid llioae Ihiit i*rri- of the othrr'a
. pjrly. Ilut tvliin Ahimua anw that he waa not
•bl« t'l upiKiae Jiidiu, iiur wi«a equal to bini in
ttrt'U|^|h, he rranlved lo »|«ply himaelf to king
Diiiiulriu^ fur hifttMiilMce ; ao he came to An-
tioch. mid irritaU'd hihi aj^niiiat Jndaa, and ac
cua.d him, a'lipijiK ihlit hi- hiiU undergone a
grill iiiiiny miaer|4w by hta meiina, and that he
would do maris niiacliief iiiilraa he- were nrcvvnt-
ed, miM lirouxhi to punlahini^nl, which inuat be
dont ;,y KrndiiiV a piiwiTfuriorri' ii|raiiinl him.
4. S.> Di-nii^lriuK, brinfc idrtady of opinion that
It W'lid I beu thiiif; pi rnicioua to hi^ own nifaira
to ovoiljok Ji(.laa, now in- vint b('''oniiiix ao grval,
lent iiKuiiKt hiui JVicunor, Ihe moat kind and moat
faitiifiil of all U'ii rriruil>ii,ror hr it waa who Hed
•way lyilh him from the i:lly ojf Ri.iiie. Ht alao
?[a\i' jiiiii IIM ninny fori'ra na he tlioiiKhl aUlliciriit
or iiiin lo ('oiiipii>r Jiidaa wilhHl. ami bniln him
ll:)t lo Jjjurt the inltion at all. When iXivanor
Jud.M .imcdialtly but judged it l.rUer to ftt but aVd-rward they returntd into tlieir Lrui.;
him ii.lo Ilia power by trtarherv; ao he aent bim [ ,t»l« of wiiniand Uanla.
■ mcaauKi: of peare. and aaiif. •• There ivag no 6. Hut
niaiino' .>f ucceaajty fur theiii lo fight, and huiiird |
OikI for th« kinK: up<>» whudi he blaaphfuie<l,
and Ihreatcnerf iheni, that Unleaa the peopU
Would deliver up Judaa lu him, upon hia return
he would iHill down their temple. Ami when h«
hail Ihua threatrnrd them, he departed In.iii J«.
ruaaluMU but Ihe prieala fell into tenra out o^
Jrief at what he had aaid, and beaouKht (lod u>
eliver Ihem from their rnijmiea. ' Ilut now fof
Niranor, when he, waa ){onJ" out of Jeruaalem.
and waa at a certain iFilbue Hailed lialhhoron,h«
there pitched hia camp, knot ur army OKI of S».,
ria hB«iii(( jollied him; nmj Juilaa mlrhed hir
CaiiipHl Adaaa, another villa {f. which wra thir- '
ly furlonga dialant from H< tlihoron, liaving no
more than one thuuaand auh irn. An<l when ha
had vncuurared ihem not lo be diamayad at lb*
niullitude of tbrir rnrmira, nor to reK*hi bow
inaiiy they Were aKainat wh iin they were ((uing .
lo flitht. hut lo ronaider liho thry theni«etve>
wire, and for what great riwarila Ihey ha/rinled '
Ihenwivef, and lo attack Ihf enemy roHra({eoua«
'.".• ■'* .!*" '''«™ o<" «o liltW. "lid (oiiiiuK iiatlk-.
«v.ilh ^lcunor, which provef io be • aeren^ onti,
he nvrrrame the enrniv. anil alew many nf tht m;
and at la>t Nfcaiior liimarir, n< he wu'a fiphliii»j
glorioualy fell. Upon wh<lr fall tha army did
nutajny, but when thexb^l loat (heir Rcneral,
they were put to llight, anil threw down their
anna; Judaa alao puraued them, and alew. Ibrai,
and giivc notice by the aoi^nil of the truinpeti to
the neighborinjf villnRea, Ibat ha had conquer-
ed the enemy; whic'., when (he inhahilanii
hear«l, they put on their ajmior haalily, and met
their cnemiea in Ihe fare aa they were hinninr
away, and alew them, inaoiiiuch that not oiieoi
Ihem eacaped out of ihii battle, who were io
number nine (houamiil. Thia victory happened
!•> fall on the thirleenlh day of Ihiit nionth. which
by Ihe Jewa ii called Adar, and hy the \rarrdo-
ni.ini Dyatrilt; and the Jewa thereon celebrate
thia < ictory eyery year, aiiil ealeein it na a feati-
vid.iy. After which the Jetvinh nation were,
1 a^uliile, free from wan, ami ei>ionif (•►
high priest, Alciniua, waa
s^
bail (lelivire<l tliia nuaHajje, Judaa and hia bre
tbrcn complied with him, and auapertiiif; no de
teit. Ihcy give him naaurances of friendship, and
recKiied Nicanor and hit ahiiy ; but while he
was diluting Judas, and they were talking toge-
ther, he pave a iertain signal to hia own aohliera,
upon which Ihey were to leiie upon Judaa; but
be pecceived Ine Ireachtrv, and run back to his
Owrn -oldiera.and fled away with them. So Upon
this .liMi o«ery of his purpose, anrf qf the snarea
laid for Judaa, JV'icanor detemiined to make open
■war with him.uiiil gathered hia army together,
and iircpared tor liglitiiM^ him; and upon Joining
battle with hiui at a c/'rtain village called Ca-
pbi>r'<n^mu, he beat Judaa. and forced him to fly
to tbj^ citadel which was at Jerusalem.*
6. ^(iij when Nicanor came down from the ci-
tadel un'.o (be temple, somo of the priesia and
eldera met iiiin, and saluted liim; aiiid showed
bim the aicrificca which they aaid they oflTered to
• Jo^ephus'a ropiea must have been rorriipted when
they t-iT»Bivc vlnoryio Nirnnor, runlrnry lb the wiirda
IbllOwiiif!, ivliipli iiii|ilv tlinl lie Who was fiealen fled in-
IMIir rimiiii, whirli for ccrlnin '■eloimed lo itie rilv of
David, or lo..Alount 7ion, and waa in Ihe |MMseasion jof
died, when he had been high priest four y#ari.
And when he was dead, the people besloiyed (he
high priesthood on Judaa; who, hearing of tho
power Of the Romana,): and that they had con-
quered in war Oalatia, al«l Iberia, and Carthan.
and Libya; and that, lieaides these, they bad
siibilued Greece, and their kings, I'erteua, anci
Philip, and Aiitiochus theOreat also, he resolved
to enter into a league of friendship with them.
He therefore sent to Rome soinc of hts frirndsi
Kapblemus, the son of John, and Jaaop, the son
of Eleazar, and by them . desired the Romans
that they would assist them, and be their friends,
and would write to Demetrius, that he would not'
fight against the JeWs. So the senate received
the BmbassadoFS that came from Judas (o RoiM,
and discoursed Wi(h them about the errand on \
which they rame, andjihen' granted them ii^^
league of aaaistance. They also made a decree
concerning it, and sent a copy of it into Jiidea.
of the hniiljr of Ihe high priests, and made by a vile ■;
healhen, Lyaias.) Iiefore llie deatli of Jndas, and of Jn-
daa asucrti^n to htni as hleh iiriesi, ImiiIi Icre and at
tliecnnrlliaNfiorihlBhooli,direrllvroiitradirlal Mnr.ii.t
Kfcaiior^, «arrison.„nd ,^,of JudasV,- ;.i-ri^Von: iJ^
fh' 7 "'inr-X y'.T »h l ^'»"'"!-":" ■■?."""■" »"• ' .t HOW well Ih^ Boman l.ls.ohesyjl^Sl'oTi'^cot'!;
khont 'UKvim.n n -H «.U .„ .1"."" I! ■*' f '.".' 5]"^"""' '*"' "f ■'■« ™'"I""'» and iiowernil rondirionofiieitoin^
worn SHIImen, and rtedlotl.er.Iy of David. . althlstlme.seetlie nolpsln Haverramb'aedition- onlv
.,t.T'^?: ^2:!j;jiMf ;»!«««; .le...il. of Alrlmuso, that the numN^of «,„nior.o? R"me,JitJ"^r„k fflB
jMinula, thiiiw^^B|l|h priest (the first that waa not i Is, I think, only known ftom \ Ilaeeab."l»l. Ii
iphruiMl,
f |i«opU
it re turn
Wlirii h«
Imtii J«.
m itul of
It (inij lo
I liow foi
'riiMlrni,
Noriin.h*
1(1 o( Hy.
rh«l hit*
wri ihir- '
irviiiK no
Xlit n ho
*( Ilia
[•hi bow
'"• Kom
icniiit:tv)'>
liiitiiriU'd '
irnf^rouft^
■K iialtli) .
tun onik
nl (li)'iu t
fiKlilinx.
iriiiy did
j(t'n*nil,
wii Ihrir
pw.llimi,
in|)«li to
('(mqiirr- -
inlhlnnli
■nil mrt
hinnini;
it uiie oi
w<re in
s|)|i<ncd
h. wliich
\l»criio-
:r\rbt»ir
* a frati-
)n were,
f riirwcr'
iiu*, was
inrlunry,
lad faemt
ten aud-
ke made
id ; and,
1 Irngtb
ir y«an.
»v«il the
^ of the
ad con-
arthage.
iry bad
Mia, and
rcaolved
li them,
frirndai
the aon
Romans
I'rii'niia,
luld niif
•ecriyed
I Roni^ ■
■and otf,.
them .t/'^
I decrea
> Jiidea.
I>y avjle
id of Jn-
rrondat
Mnr. ii.t
if Jud.'ii,
if Judna.
acfoiim
s^
r
Roiuana .
n : only,
lukaao
'^,
BOOK Xn.-CIlAlt'. XI.
It waa alao UhI up tii ijia capitol, and •acraffn
ia braaa. TIim ilci'rvr itaolf wua lliia! ■■TTi<'|I«-
crae.uf (hr mnutr CdliirrniuK u U-^igUr ol iuunt-
aoi'M Hiui fric'iid>hi(> with Ihr mtliun ol ihrA-wa.
It ahati not he Inwiiil for any Itml Wtr auhjrrt lo
(be KoHian* In bialx' Wdr wilh llin nation o( tlie
Jrwa, nor t<t aa*!*' iIium- iIihI do ao, «>tlirr br
aciiiliuK ihiMii (of'i, or ahiiM, or nioriejp; aad it
any altAck ljr iiimlr up»B OiB Jrwa, <hr HoniiMa
sball miiiiit (lii^ni. )i» lar ■« lliry are altlvi aad
wain, if a|iT Wvlf he maile uJKin ihe.Roinalia,
(be Jewa aliall|.«|'>i>t tlifiii. And il the Jcwa
have a iiiiiid lu add ly, or lo uli* any thiiin from
(hia Irau;!^' <>f ■•••iil"ii<'i'i Ih^xhull be done wilh
(be conmtfm ciii)M'H| ul' iheWoinafiil. Am' whal-
.tocVer addition ahall thua lio made, il ahull Iftt
•r force." T>ii* decree wiia written by Kujiole-
BiiMt (he aon of John, and liy Jnaon, tiie aou of
Eleaaar.* when Judiia Wiia high prieat of th«
BBtiuu, anil Simon, hia hmtlitr, wat (i^rniriil of
the amiy. And thi« wna tin; firat Irai^iir tlint the
Romaiia mnde'willi the Jew*, iind wa< luauaKid
„ after this iiianuerl -«
rjlAI'. XI-
Thai liaechiJt$ lens nq-a/it Mnf out OKainii Jn-
dot; and huw Juilai/'r.llai htviaicoHragtoiiili/
\\.^VT when Driiielriua waa Informed of the
dealb of Kii'nnor, and of the deairuction of the
army ll(iit ttiyi with hiin, be aeiit- llurrbiiiea
agaiik.i:With an army intA Juilea, who niakhed
Ou(af Anliorh, and came, into Judca,ai>'l piK'hed
haj^i^nip at Arhela, a city of (lalilee, uml huviii);
. bnicgi'il and taken tbote that were there iu
cavca, (for many of Uie ptople fleii-in(o aucli
plarea,) be removed, and made all the haate he
could to Jeruanlem. And when he bail learned
that Judat pitched hia canip -ti a certnin vilhi);e
#ho«a name wat Uethtetho, he led hit aimy
againat him: they were twenty thoiiaand foot-'
Bien, and two thouaiiiid 'horveiiien. MAw Jinlaa
hail no .more aoldiera than o'le (houaauH.f When
(heac aaw (he mullituilcof liacchidea'a men, thiy
were afraid, and l|:ft their chiiiii, aad Hed all
away, eiceptin^ eight hundred. Noww^ienJiidHa
wat deaerted by hit own aoMiera, and the eueii* hi .
preated upon him. and ^ave b>ui no time - (^ jdiiy
cather hia army topi her, he Waa diapoard to*^''
Irht with Itncchiilca a ariii}S th6u);h he had hul
•l|;h( hundred men with him; ao be rxhurted
(heae inea to undergo the <Tiiini;>'r 4'tmniK<^oualy,
and eDCoora^ed (hem to attack (he enemy. And
whra they aaid tljcy weie nut a lioiU aiflW-ien^
toli^ht ao grea( an aniiy, ami adviaeil Hint tliey
' iho«ild retire bow, and aaye ihemaelvea, unit thai
When he bad nihered bill ow_n men lofrellier,
. thea he aliould fall upon tHe. enemy )lM'R'<'<
hit anawer wat <hia : f • \a\ not (he tU^JB/t^r.e
lucb a (hioK (ha( I ahould ahuw luj^H^HPho
• Tliiaanliiirjiptloiria waniina, 1 Mafcn^BplT, 19^
and iniiat lie Uia^prda ol'Joaef)'ii<<, Wlio, Iv'^aiaiakc,
(tioiiilit, iia^jlliic jiiat now aeen. <hat iiitlna w;<8 nl
(Ma Mnie lii'ti |ini-<t, »nd arrpritin(>jr Ihanierkoncd
bla hrolher Jonallian to lie the general of llearinv,
wliich yel he
afJadaa.
2S5
enemy: and allhonrh (hit be the time that
briiir me lo my rnd. and | niiitl die in thialw'.da,
ill ■
I will ratlier alaiid lo ii ciuraKiounly, and Dear
whalaoevrrcoiiiea iijion nie.lhBnIly now riiiiiiin^
away, briiiK riproach upon liiv lotiiii r Knn' aq.
(iiina,nrlaniiah(h'eirKlory." 'Iliiawat ibe aj . crh
be made to thoa* tli«( rtniained with bim, tvliera-
by be rneouraK<d Ihtm lo ntlncli l^herniiii).
'i. Hut tiari hidea drew hia arHiy out ol their
camp, and put tlteni in array for the liatibi. Il<i
aet (he horaemen on both the w(nK>, and iba
light aiTldirnt and Iha archera he pUced ttefura
the whole ariiiv, but iie wa« hiinaell oil lhe'ri;(h(
wing. And when he had thua put hia armv in
order of bailie, and w|la (oinKln j'lin (lallle with
the enemy, he connnanded llie lruui|ia'ter tu ^iva
aalKiiiil of lialtle, and the aniiy to make a nlmut
aud Ip fall on the eWmy. And when Juilaa hail
done Ihe aaiiie, he joined battle with Iheiii; iind
aa holh aidia IhukIiI Taljanlly, aiid Ihe h.iltia
I'oiilinuert (ill tuiiaM, Jud«a anw itial Itaci liidia~
and the tlroiii(vat piirt of the army wm in (ha
riKh( wiiiK. intl tliealuiion took Ihe |uoat r'iiirii|re-.
oiia nien with him, ami ran iiiioq that (Wrl oi'^lnt'
Snd fell uiHiii thoie ihat were (' '
(heir ranka, ami drove lliena
"J'
army, and fell uiniii thiiie ihaf were thrrt, nnd
lirolie (heir ranka, ami drove Ihena intfi tha
middle, and forced thein (o run nwiivWllltiil pur-
aueil (hem aa I'araalo* iiiounluilicnlli°il Aiu; hut
when lhii«r of llie b Cl wiii|( anw that the rii^ht
wiiiK »at put III llij(hi, Iney encOmpai>aed Jii'liita;
Hiid |iiir<iieil biiii.iinil runir hchiiid hiui, and look
him into the middle iif tjieir nhiiy; an Imiiik no(
nidi' III llv, lint eni'iiiipaaaed rululid uhoul with
euniiiex, he atiiod alill, and he uiid Ihiiae tha(
were nith him foUKlit; i^ind when be had alain a
greH( MiHiiy nf (hoae (hut came tt^ainat him, ha
at liial waa hiinai'lf Winih(!4;d, uild tell, and K'l'^e
up Ihe ghiiat, and died in n way li^e to hiaforuie^
fiououa actiiina. When Juiiaa wna den ', ihot^
Ihiit were wilh him bad no one whom thiy cnuld
rtyard faa |luir Ciimmniider,] hutwlon lliey aaw
theinaelvea deprived uf aiich i) f(edi r.d, ihey !\d.
Hut Simon and Juiiulhnn, Jlillu^'a hr< ihr<'ii,,ra»
reived hi-i deiid li.jily by' a Irealv from ihe i'ne«
niy, uiid iiirried it t.i the vilhi)(e n( Moiliii, whera
their iVitlii r liii.l been buriiii, and there buried
v.'liile llo- uiiilliliide laiiieilteil liinl luunjr
and p•'rf'lrlm^J the uauni aolj'mn rilei' o( i
I'uiierni to hini. And (hia wiia llie'<eiiil thai Jiidaa
rnnie l>i. lie hstd been n.iuaii of vnlm' ii<i I a
fM'eht ivarriiir, and uiindfiil of the jronimuni'i nf
lit fuliier .MiitlHthtaa; mid had uiuwrKone nil dif-
fu-riUiea,. both in doing and aulieriog, fur (ha
liberty ol hit I'nuntrymeh. Aiid whji'n liia eharar-
ter wna an rirelleHt [white he Wr« alive] lii' U tt
iH'hind bim a Kh>ri'>ua reputatinh and nieinoiinl,
by )r<iiiiiii^ freediiiil for hia nation, ami ih liven inr
tlieiii from alnveryuoU'r (h;P MHcedotiiiina. An?'
wlieit III had rt laihed the high prieathooil lhrM>
ye.int, he died.
fThkMlita ropj nl JiNM'ifl'ua, aa lie wro(e it, liail hart
not 1,1 (III Imt ; IKUI, » nil J Vii'-(M<>. li. .'>, is ver) iwa,
be< n'lae, ilioii(h (I e ii'niupaft rnn aiviiy it fiT«l,eMn
III Joae|iliiia, ii» well iia i^ ' Mairidi. is. ii,yei,u« there,
. Ml liete. MNiiire aiiiri In have renininei) wilh /ndaa •
not tpbare been till afteatliedvath p which w.iai'd I'l^Hhaurd.iruie whole number had liaaa
t.iiu inorelhaii IIMiO. , ^i-
w
u
I ,■'. '-
■■V ■
!■
f
CONTAINING THE INTEnVAI." OP KIGIITV-TWO VRA^S.l^ROM THE l>yTiy>l
MA«*A0EU8 TO TifE DKATH OF ailERX AbF.XANDHA. •'
P JVjfAB
CIIAK I.
How Jonathan
thtr , hid a $ ,
\n /pojtafctjf I'nW e/frftf trf n^ f r hi
rOuJvlK k I II , l ii dttlitr with hi t
I, wigtijll'if utraitisl Itaf.chii
hif 6ro-
hi* trt) .
tiher Simon, wifgtni'i^ 11 jiaiui( liut.chidt$,
,{'l. Bv what ' iiil-ans the ii:itinn of ({
recovered (heir freediiiii' ivlitn they h ,
broughi intft alavi^y by (tie Muuedonl iW^ aod^
njiat t(ru||glei, and how luuu) ercd(' bd((lca Ju
dill llie. icenei-^l of their anDyTanJhM^i^, till
w.ia alaiii ii> he wat fi);httng'f^J^Kitaill*b'j
' iregiiinn hoi'klJI^^^S^ Ifc
"^
up •!
(U'Hit, all the wiclterr. And thoaodqup^naj
the hiwa of their fnr< falter*,' apRtjpl^ op
Judea, aiilh greiy u;'
>u on every tide.
i^ir wickedneat, and
nut a few, who by rtaiol
«iii,>4ilWlMdia
nine •l.'uj
the coai
le^r waiilKi
JHtQM,"
A
.\**.
IQOITIEfl OFTirc JEWd.
•■riri, iimI b«ra«w \\itj WM not ililc to txar > mlhn, Mil Trk
a(»iiiallhriiiiM'ri«tlh>i(lMMh Ihn Ciiiiinr ■mlth- . merer}
•avliitn liroMnlil ii|».ii dj^rin.UrMrlcd Ihoirr i th«iii «vi|«-vi!ni(K ^it
try, •ml w«nl lu i >«^MiM.«il'iniiint. Aiiil imw t iilaii, an<l \mi %*rt>*umi
Uni'cliiilri j^nllitrryl lh(|i<i Jrwa l^grthrr hIiu { niiKhl llixtr uu( of thrill
♦sV
ii'l hiiih (iiwtrt
,Mi| rjUMUIipxi^
>l IMIIIP
Ac ui.cuiiiiiiwil M^r of
In, miij f'hiM* to live Ilk*
iiiiiiltlrfl lh« r«r« o( Ihr
Uc> I auifhl Ih* frirmit of
rt^.yiiil ilrlivarril Ihcui
wlirii h« hait, in lli« Anl
kail aiNMUIiMtf ft
iuin| ol' thuir iiiri
tlirir iixiKhbiira,
cuuiilry lit ihrin
Jutlat, anil Ihuaf
•k to Baiirhiilfiii
aurf,
And
ao Kroal.
Iik« tiiiL'ti
that ri'iiiaincil 6i .
that the iiiAKjii wat nljniit'tu lix ilrtiroyrd aflfr a
■ nilu Ihriii, iliiii {W,j
, aiifidii uiikIiki
V, turluriil an4<u>Viii'iil<'tl lh<-tii at liii pica- anil to hia brulhrr Simon, anil lulil tbaiii llml
, ha liy td>JI*aM at IrnKlh killed Ihiiii. | anna of Anibri tirtr rrlvbralinc a iimrriaKr,'
1 whf M Ihiffqminily of the !»»»• wa» briunii' i brniKinK ibi- liriil« from th« rltv (labiilhu, i
(roal, an i^itf bwcr had ci|M>ri<<iii'« of the ^ivaa tfir iluii||hlr)- of on* of thn 'illNitriiiiit i
ll^Dtt rMiirn out of' Halt) Inn, Ihotr
( Ihfi I'liiiipanloiia uf Juilua, ariing
iniarrable ikaniirit lanip to hi«'frotli«f Jonadiiiii,
and diairril bun ibnt ha wuulfriinjtitk bi« bro-
ther, in Ihitt care nhiih ho Iwk of liia ruontry-
men, fur lynoar liberty )n ||<iiarul ho ilitiil Mlti't;
and (lint lie wnNid not' purtuil the niilinn to Ihi
wiliiuut a Kovemor, cafMiiHlly iii thqae ileal run-
tiva CircuiilaUncei wh) rein it now wh>. And
when JuiiadiRu aaid, thai J^e .«*»• rviiily tn die
for them, auikwat imlred ekietjtkrd nowuy inl'c-
rior to hia RMher, he «raa a|i|Miiit(d (u Se the
I of the Jewiali '
geneml i
'L
2. W hen Hucihidi'a hiiiru thia, aii^fat nfrniil
(nwh
*Pd
will III
Ibitt Joiinllmii inlKhl lie very trimblcaiinie tii the
hiilg and the MactdunJHna.aa Jiidaa had^bi' n hl<f- ,•' •■•
funi him, he auUKlil lioiv he iiiiKht alUy liini liy^ '(hnte |
treachery: but lliia iiiliiitiun of hia wat nut un- wi«j^, ii
fcnowii to JoiiHt(fan, nor to hia bhitlier Simon:
but itihen tbeae two were an|)riled - of it, lltry
took all tlii'ir i:oui|mniuna, and preaenlly lliil into
that wihl) rneaa wllich wua neureat to^tji^'ily' ;
•od when they wire uuiiie to a hike ^^BE^»-
pbnr, Ihe^ aboile there, liut when nRpdea
waa aeiuible thi»t they were in a Iom? iiiul)',
■nd weiiB in (hut plai'.e, he linated to fnll ii|Min
tilMi with all hia furi:ia, and |iiti'lf)n;; liiii iiijn^
beyond .lordatu he recniiieil hi* army : but
Jonathan kn«lii|lhat.Uucchid<'a waa I'oiiiini"
tbenii he acnnin brother John, wljo lirii'a i^
called (iaddia, to the Nalmtean Ar^>i. that be
niii^ht l^lce bia bnt;Ki)|fe.witb tlieiii iinlH,|lie lial>
tie wiihhwTacchiiles alyiiilil. lie over, for lliey were
the J'ewt' (rieiiili. ^id Ulie aiiiia uf Anibri laid
an anibuah -for John frtmi the city Meduba,' awl
, -. w . l>> the
JeW). Ka alaii furfnitU lli« «ilad«| at JiruM-
lam mora (hun: all (he real. Moreover be took
the aona of |ii« jirincipal Jew* ai .pUdKe^.and
al'ut Iheinup In the clMel, awl in that iirannar
luurdeil il
4. Ahnitt (h« aame time one came to JniialbM,
the
and
who
Miea
•hiimK the Araliiniia, anil (hat (he lUiniael wn* to
be rundurled With p|iin|i Mid apleuilur, and
much richea: i/a Jonalhiin aiiil SiuKHii Ihliikiag
(hia nppi'ared fb be (he A((ea( (ini* lor them to
nvinKV the deilh of their hrulher, aud tbu( they
had lori'i* attlliuent for receivinK aalialartioa
friim thciii ti>t lif death, (hey iiiuile haalc to Me-
diibu, and hi| in wait anions the niouniain* for
the ruining (if their eiuniiea; and aa aoon aa
Iliey (liw (hi'in roiiiluit(in(( (he virtfln ami her
brideKrooiiii jaml aui'h greu( i:uiiipMiiy of (heir
frienila wifh ^leni aa waa loj be ex)ierli'd a( thi*
weildiiiK, their aullted out of their aiuhuib, aDif
■lew (hem nlu 'inii (»ok (heir ornanii'nTii, and all
the prey (ha^^ tbeii followed Iheni, and ao rt-
•uriied, anil I'ereived thiii •alial'nrdon for their
briitlier Jnhnlfrniii the anna of Aoibri; for a* well
I khiniaelve*, a* Ihiir frieiida, wnd
'cKiblren, (hii( fullowcil ; them, |ieritb-
I JMiiK Stdoiiibir Hbon( l'iiuiv,bundrctl.
Il'iweu^. Simon and Jolmihaif rrlumcd to
lakea oI^Iir river, and abi>ile there. Hul
hidea, Wf)i4|1ir had lenir^ all judea with
.nrrlaiina, i#Hmei) (o (he lint;; and (hen it
that the iiflaiia uf Judeii were MItiei fur two
year*, littt when the 'deaertrr* aiid the Wirked
aHW (hat Jonnlli:in an:l thoae that were J^vilh hini
liveil in Ihe country very i|uletly, liy rea'aim of
w
taciied uuortllUii, and U|)on (ho*e (ba( were wi(h
biiu, and' plundered ul| that (hey hud wi(h theiu:
tbey alw alew Jo|)n Jppid all hia coinuauioiia.
However, (Kfy werQi^jblTiricndv pmiiihajl (vt^
what they now' did by Jjuhu'a brethren, aa we
, (hall nl^iJreariitqr. • j '
3. 'H^piflien Uacrhiire* knc«r that JaiHtban
,''^|ia(l mraed hia camp among the lake* bf Jor-
'" oaBi^J^ observed vrlien (heir ||iibbu(h-ilay came,
' anil^ikn aaaaulted hiiu, aa llip|>u)ing (hut he
wouldaiot fight becauae of the law [for realin^
: on that day:] but hf enhorted hit conipauiun*
[to fight;] anil (old them (lla( (lieir livca werir af
•take, tince tbcy Here ciicouipaaaed by the river,
and by their envmiea^jinil hnilidiu way (o encnpe,
for (lia( (heir enemies prixicd upon (hem before,
luid (he river waa behimi (hem. .So alUr he hail
'^mkuf' Vft ^''^' tM give them the victory, he jiiin-
■ ""eifTKittle with the eiieiiiy, of whom he. over-
il threw many; und an he aaw Burxhidea roiniiig
V Up biiMly (o biin, he *(re(i-lieil ou( hia right linnii
. to smite nini, but (he other foreaceiiig and avoid-
/ ihg t!ie atroke, Jonathan with hit-companinna
leaped into the river, and awaiii over i(, and by
that iiieaii* tacaped beyond Joriinn, while thq,
did ■ '
(hay
he waa
und
liven III iiie country very i|uielly, liy reaaim of
|h« iie;icn; (hey ai|Ut (o king.,Di'iiiQl|HM, otld el-
I'.ileil him to aendjAjpri'hiilia (n aeinHjton Juna*.
(hull, Mchii'b (hiy'^lli waa to bn.done Wi(hou( nny
trouble, nnd kl one ni^ht'* 1^; and (hii( if (^if
feU'u|iuii (hem l)<'furu|A«r were ^vrarc, (ifln^
njjgh! hliiy'lheiu iflliDpVnhc kit)fc Mnt Karrbi-
* en he^W romcJiiilu Jitilea, wrnia ..
uli, bolb bm »iid iiuxilinri<'», that'
'' y§oti '"xallMin, and bring liiia
llA upon all their endeafura,"
nliffr to mite upon Joiioihan, for
libit of tfce anaris they laid fur him,
Jjrcfully gunrded against lheui,J}ac-
chiile* w<f* angry at (heae ileaerdn, aa buring
iiiipoied upon Tiiin aud upon (he king, and aLir
fifty of (Ijeir leader*. Whereupuh Jona(hao,
ifi(h hi* bro(hir, and llioae lha( were wi(h him,
re(ired to Uelhuglu, tt village (ha( lay in (hi wil-
dcnicai, ou( of hia fear of Racchidea. lie alao
built lower* bn il, and ciiconipu*<(d i( wi(h wull(,
and (nok cure (hit it should be *nf< ly guaided.
(j'pon (lie hearing of which, Haochlile* led hia
own army uluiig wi(h him, and bcaide* look hi*
Jifwiah nnxili.irie:!, and cuiiie againal Junudian,
and made iin aaaiiult upon hia furdficnliona, and '
[leaieged him niuiiy day*; liiil Johathan iliil^^iut.
abate of hia courage at the leal Bucchide* u)^ -i.
in the f^irgc, Unl coumgeuus'ly oppuied ftvty. '"
and while Tie left his brodiir Simon in the city,
to'figbt with ItHCchiiio, he went prjvalily out
himai'if into the country, and got a griai bu.ly
uf men together of his own party, and IVII Upon
Kai'cbidta'ncunipiii Ihc ni)dtt-(imi' and ilei<(ri>yrj
. I
enemy d i d lint p a *i liver ( h u t r i y i r : h u ( I j a rch i. , a gre a ( nwny of (bun . I lia bru(b«!r S i niun k n i iw
•*«r, ha
•ra t i *
dea ri(urm:d preaendy (u (lie ri(adel a( jrruaa- , aUu of (hin'liia fHlliiig upun (lieiu, becau»e h*
Jeni, harinj; loll about (wo (lioUKind of hi* army. ; perceived diu( (hienetiilt* were nlniA by bini, ao
He nliio lor(ifi('it many ci(ie* uf Judeiti whose he aaliied ou( upon (hem, and burn( Ihe engine*
, wall* had been demoliaiiud, Jericho, and Knimxua, which the Muridbnians uaed, and made a grclil
and Uethfaoron.Biid Uctbel,^aDd 'riiuaa,«i>d Pha-I daughter of theiu. And when Jiaccludci njit
4
♦sV
Itl U.Wttt
llml rhry
id ti> III*
il JiruM-
ft kr liwli
'<tKr4,iin4
■I iiiuiiiicr
Jnimlhan,
II tliul ()|»
rliiKr,' iind
iiiha, who
noiii inta
i*\ nriM to
iiiliir, iimI
I lliiiikini .
■ lll«lll to
timl the;
nlidai'lioo
lie til Mii-
nimiit for
I noun m
I mihI her
of tlicir
I'd Hi thil
^unh, «n(f
•, aiij ill
■III in rt-
fur Jheif
for Rt well
efidi, Hod
ni, jieritb-
il.
turned to
ire. Hut
udr* with
ul then it
'i fur two
br wirked
fi\t\\ hini
rl'u'tiin of
•, mitl et-
)<oii Junt»
ilhuiit iinjr
lilt if t^alF
•re, l^j
t Karclii-
ea, wml«
irifs, tlial'
•riiiK liim
milrafurt,"
uiimii, for
I fur him,
ii'iii,J}ac-
I* huTing
and »\cw
JiinnthHii,
with him,
I thi Wil-
lie alao
rilh wiilll,
guniiied.
i!» led hii
I look hit
Jonutliah,
ioiiH, and
,11 (liil.^lUt.
ide«,u!^ '
«ed '-^^y. ■'
I I he c.iif.
ulily liut
r<Hi l)ii 'y
IVII il|Hia
ilfntroyfj
lion ki i i iw
=m
4
Et
Bnox xui.-cttAt. tf.
vith rnamlri, and Mima of
tkam JMur* a'l^d •chii* twhiml hiiii, ho fi-ll tiidi
4«l|>a(r and IrLuliU of mind, ai ruiifnundrd al
(h« alKilprotvll ill iurrcM of lhl« llrg*. Ilow-
•*ar, h« **ni41 hit diaplraaura at iIwh) nlitliir-
tUDri ufHin Jlfita drwrtart who trnt for him
from iho liij||||.ai havina deluded him. Ho h«
kad a luiad^i Aoith llili iirai' ufirr a darent
■•nitrr, if It iirer» |MMtibl« for him to to do, and
then lo return hoiiio.
a. When JiJiiatban oiidrnlixMl thria hit inlan-
(iont, hr tent aoibdMadurt lo him, utioul a I't^iie
of frienilahl)! aud mutual ■Mlilanre, and tliat
they might reilore thoM they lia<l tiiken taplir*
OB both liilef !to lian hidet IhooKhl thit a
nrrtty dereiil WayW^retlriiiK home, Md made a
laagiia nf frir^ililu|rlMiilh Junathan, when |hey
tware that tlijiy would not any nium uiaka war
on* aK»init ainilher. AiiordlnKly, h«i rettored
Iha cn|itive«, pind took hit own iiiea with him,
I mM returned tto the kinf to Antioofa; and afW
tbit Hit daiiJrture, ha never rame into Judea
a^Hiu. TlN^ui'liid Jiiualhuii take tl>« o|)|iiiitonily
V
of lhlllK«, Mild wi'tat and livi-d
anil there BawerHiit^fhe
i the wiitk«p«nd uH|t»d-
r|i d iha iiaftun of them.
"• ^
Atf War u-ilh'Dimt-
nu Jlilvanluf^u.anii
ru$l, and /<> rtkodiU
alhtr SiJt.
357
oT ihit (|ut*4
m the city ^\
■ultiludc, am
It, and by th^t.
Xfuw AUum Ur llii
trial, gran 'td Jn
mfpoinUd f im to
kim to attiit kim, atlhitu/fh Jim
Aim griutir Ad»antaf(ii iinf
CoHctrnitig Iht Dtatk i/f Ven
1 1, ^(uw in the hundred and tiineth yim it
' Ml out that Aleiiinder, the tun of AnliocfHii
Epiphaiiri,* raiiie up into Syria, and ttmk riiile-
piait, llie to diert within havinf^ lii Iruyed it lo
him, fur they wera at euiiiily with llriiirtriuti ou
account of lit iiitoleare iind difTiridty uf accrit;
for he thut I iiiitelf up in a palai^t: oi hit tliat hail
four towurtj which be had built liiiiitelf, not far
from Antiixjh. and admitted nubiHly. Me wat
withal tl'ithiul luid negligent nbuul Ihi; piibliraf-
' fairt, whereby the hulretl of hit tllbjectt^at the
More kindled agaiiiia him, at wu liave «liewhere
already related. ' When, therefore, Ueinetriut
' beard thut lAlexiuider Wat in Ftuleiitaiii, he took
hit whole ^rniy anti led it H^oiniil hiKi: he alt'i
•ent aiulMitkailurt to Jooalhuii, about n lenf^ue of
Butual RtiiLitance and friendphii), fur he reMihfd
to be befotcbaiid with A|e\aiin<:P,'lllkt the other
(hould treat with liiin firtt, and eain atti^tance
from hiiii: nod thit he did out of tn«l'jtt>n he hiid,
leit Jonatllao tlioold remember hotV^jO Deoir-
triui had fjiFiiierly treated him, and should join
ttith hiiu ib thit war agaiml biiii. He therefore
gave ordert that Jonnlhan ihould be allowed to
raile an aJiiiy, and ihould ret armor made, and
ihould reoeivo ba>^k thote l|>>tta);et of the Jewitli
. aation whlini Dacchidei hud abut up in the cita-
del 'of Je^U«ulciii. Whea thit good fortuno hiid
befallen Jonaihah, by, the concettion of Ueiuc-
triui, he jMiuo to Jeruiidein, and read the king't
letter in the audience of the people, and of thote
that kept^ the citiidel. When ihetewvere read,
thote wipki'd men and deaertert, who Were in
*Thhi lAleinndcr Rata, who certainly pretended to
. kt tlie wu ur Anilociiui Kplplianra, and waaowned for
tueli liy |I:« Jewtanil Huniaiia, and many olliera, anil
yet it ^y 'ti'verid liiaioritiit rieeined lo hn a counlecftilr
andofnij family at all, la, haw«var, by Joaepbua belle*
ad to tiiii"! Iiei'ti tlul rraltontoriiiat Aiittochut.niid liy
kImalwnv-xaiKiken of acroriltiiKly. And truly, ainre
Uia oriiiliial ro'iti'niiwrnry and nuilienlii- iiulhar of Ilia
<ra t l o« | k iil 'M!irn i l c i-i i, rU a| i . «. I , r all n l iliii h y b it f a-
the rilailel, were gmtiy *tnM, apon the kla('(
(leniiitiion In Jiiiiaihiin t» raite an atin;, and t«
rerait* liai-k the hiiitagrt t<> heilelitrred ctary
on* of tham to hit own paraitlt. Afd Ihut di4
Junalha^i niaka hit almdt at JaruiaMui, ranaw*
\nf Ih* rily lo a heller tiair, and retciVminK th*
bOlhlmat at h* pleated , liir hr rave iird, ri ihal
Ih* walla of Ih* cily tliould lie rrbnill wlfh tcpiara
ttonet, that it might he more teriir* frvm thaif
enemiet. 'And wn*D thiite thai kept the Mrritnaa
that were in JudriOAw ll'i*, they all Mi Ihrni,
anil fled In AnIliiMpirilitinK thote that a[err la
the ritv of Heihtwii ami lh»te that ware tn l|a
citadel of Jarutalem, fur the {(realatt ptifCof
thete wat of Ih* wicked Jewt and det«rt*ni,<aii4
on Ihal account thete did aot dalirar up tbair
garritont. \
't. When Aleiandrr kn«w what pmmitea Pf-
metriiit had made Jonathan, and wilhal kii»%
hit courage, and what great ihingt he had duot^
when ^a ionght the Macednmant, and betid«r
what hardthipt he had undergone by the lueana
of lleiiielriua, and of llanhidea, iha general of
Demi'Iriiia'a army, he lolil hia InimU, Ihal "ha
could not al prcteiit And any luie eUe that might
HlfonI him liettrr attiatanre than Jonnihan, who
wat both couragrout againtt hit enemiea, ana
had a (mrticular hatred againtt llrmelriot, aa
having both tulleri'd many hard Ihiiiga from him.
and acteil inaini hard Ibinga againat hiin. If
therefore they iff* of opfnion that ihey thoukU
make him their friend againtt Demetrlua, it waa
more lor their advantage lo invite him to aatitl
them now than al anollirrtime." It being iher*
fore ileteniiined by liiniand hit frienilt to tend tp
Jonathan, he wnile to him thitepittle: "Klog
Alexander to hia brother Jonnihan, aemleth great-
ingi We have lung ago heard of thy courage aiid
thy lidelily, and for that reaton li^e tent lo the«,
lo iiinke with thee a league of friiindtliip and aia-
tual ua-iiliiiice. We therefure dii urdnin ihee thi*
day bi^h prietl of the Jewt, and that Ibou bcett
called ruy friend. 1 have alio afiit thee, at pre-
tedtt, a purple rol^ and a golden crown, and da-
tire, thut now ihou art by ut' honoAd, thou will
la like iiiuniier reaped ut alao.** ;
'^. When Jonathan hiid received thit letter, ha
put oai the poiilifical robe al the lime of the fenit
of tuberuaclet,f four yeara alter the death of hi*
brother Judai, for at that time Do high prictt had
been luiide. So he raited great forcea, and had
iibiiiiilaiice of armor got ready. 'Ihit greatly
grievi.'dUeiiietriutwheu he heani of it, nnd mad*
him Mniiie himaelf for hit ilowneit, that ha had
not prevented Alexander, and got tlie good-will
o( Jonathan, but had given him time to to do.
Ilowevi-r, he niao hiintelf wrote a lelirr to Joiia-
iliaii, and to the (Muiple ; the cnnlenta whereof are
thete: " King Ueinetriut to Jopathan, and to the
nntioo of llie Jewt, tendeth gr«ietiiig: Since you
have preserved your frienJihip uir ut; aild.
when you have been I'enipted by our enemiea
you have uot jolm^d yourtelvet to them, I Iwtb
cumiiiend you for Ihit your fidelity, and etli^rt
you to continue in the tame ditpotition, for which
you thall he repaid, and receive reward* frooi
ut: for I will free you from the greaieit iNirt of
the Iributea and taxet which you formerly |ioid
to the kiiigt my prrdecettort,ttn(l to niyiclf; and
hiive done had be hellered him to Ni a rnnntorrell, and
of to very mean a lilrlh,aa the later hialuflant pretend,
ti^ixrc Jojutlian plainly did not put on llie pimlilleai
roliea till Mwen or el(lit yeara after the death of hia
brOtlicr Juilnt.or not till the fenti of tahernarle>tn t)ia
liuiiilreil and alttielli nf llie Hi-leuriilv, I Marian. X.
til, ruliiua'a eiiieiiilatloii aiM'nia tiere 10 deiiiTve con-
aiileralion, who, inatead of a/trr four yxura tiutt |A*
V
«
■11!
!
■.■i>
l U m t k m / hit hr clh tr Jarf n f, wo i i h* h nve n t read an d.
Ihrre/ari afltr ei(1it |f«iir» ainra (Jkt iealK nf hit *r*.
(Wr Judai. Thi* would tnlcrahly well aeree with
die dalK of the Macrnbeea, nnd with Jotrplnit^t OWB
exact chronology at Ihe end of the twentieth Iwok of
lliete AnUuulliet, which th* preaeni text cannat b*
madelodK .,
LfaUte he
ly him, to
e enginea
e a grcUt
iudct taw
Uier'anaiiie K|iipl»iM'K,iiiid tiiyi lie wu*tlie*an of An
tiochutl I nipiMHe i icollipr Wriiera, w'lfnte all much
later, afn not to ' e followed aiinliiHl aucli1;videnre,Ag'
aerhop* Epipliamn ini;;l.l have hiint.y awouian mTBd
ikmilyi. 'lie kmi! uf Kfynt iilio, riiiluiiieicr,MiongnT«
JWa hiedikUilliier '■' muni.KC, which lie wauld baldly
ANTtQttmEt or TUB SKWtt.
liW
I da aom Ml jruii fn» (Ir.im ih««* iiilraut whd h
run baira tfr> fnii\, iiati b«MJr«, I fo<i|i» ;ua
»• Ml Hp<ia Mil, *ii'l lh« iriiliia W llMrTuwn*
Whteh jiiiu UM.I tiKiAtrluMIri* uihI lntt>*<l uflh»
IlliriJ |Mtt III till' fniiK (iM IN' AfM,] an I ih« ImU
M Ilia fiulit III iiiv tnnlh I II lini|iii<!i hiv iiarl uf
Uiaiii (VoiH thi4i liny: iin<1 (■ 10 iM imllifioiiijr,
whii'h uiifhl |» he, itlycn aif fur •••ry bM»l iif
llln iiihaliil»iil« iir ill •it, an | oi tba lliivv kn|Mr-
I'liir* thai niltiijii Jililaa, Hamaria, «n<t <ialil><<,
kiiil I'rrra, llial I rvMiiiitllitt lit ynu lur Ihia lliiir,
inH fiii'iH tiiifc tu I'oiuv. t Mritlul<,llliillhaci(jf
rf JtrutaltHi b« hul; unit liiyiolablt, niiH fn«
fioni Iha lltlii', niiil Irunt Ihx la&r*, uiHu iu ul-
Ml ml huuitiUi mill I •<■ lur r«rrila friHii my llll*
III lh« rltn<lil, a« In |Hriilu Jniialhiin )«ur hl||h
|ii I'tt 111 puutM it, lliut hr niiiy (lUrii iin h a
(ai riaun in tl a» h« sn|iruyrii til' Cur Ailrlilv an'l
fn>iJ<will III liiiiiicir, llul ihtjr nmy ^ly II I'ur
Uii, I «>■>! iii'ilid Iria III! lliQMiJawt lyllo have
b'l'i nladii cnptitM and •laiirt in ui« kiui(iiuiu.
I alaiiKiv*- iiriltr thil Ihr lifutu iif in* ilrMrt tio
Hut prrHKil i.ir uur •aryjrr. Anil Ul Ihcir Suli-
ImiIi*. and nil llirir CulitaU, nml llirov ilrnt hii*
(bra rat'li iif llum, U* Irta from any iniiiuyilinn.
In tlic tuiiir niiiniii r I •*! fir* tlia Jrw* ilim nrc
inliiibilaiiM in >»} kniKiluiii, ami onlrr |h«l ih> In-
jury bv il'Hia l>i III) III. I alao Kivti truv*. In turh
tif lliaiii n< urr Hilling (ii lul llidnikilvt* iii my
triiiy, Ifial lliry uiair iln it, and llio<e a» fur lu
thirly lliiiua,iii,|; wfiieh J«wiili •iiMi.in, whrm-
Mirti r lliry |^), khall huyr lli« unla piy Ihit my
own iiriny hmli; nnd loin* of llirlti,! mil plni'i'
!■ my K>iriit,ijii>, anJ f"!)!* aa Kuiint^ iilxiiii mini
oyynliuilv, mill lurulrrt iivar IIiumi ihHl Hifiniiiy
Coiirl. I Vivi' lliliil l>ay« alau In ii«r tilt liiwa of
ui'ir forrfHllirn, and io (>bM>rv« thini ; nml I tyiil
thil Ihfy hiivi' |ii.wrr oyjir iha llirn- lii|mri:hii'«
(kal ant II (I lit! I lu Jmlrn; anil it ahull liu in thi-
powrr «if l|i« high {irii'al Jo l«k« mrf, lliiil not
ona Jew •Imll tikti- any olhor tcmnU lor wiirnliiu
bat only llml al Ji rnaalrni. I brquratli iiUn,
oat iif my uwn rrviniiaa, yriarly, fi>r lli<'r;i|irntit
•bout Ilia •iirrilli'i'a, nnir liniiilml and Afly ihnii-
■and (itra<rliimp;1 unil wliut niunry i* M •[mra, I
aijll that It ahull lia viinr own. I alao rrlmai' (o
)ti)li tliuau lin Ihiiiiaaiiil ilmt'limn- wliirli llii'kin;(a
racrived fMiii Ilia li'ni|ili>, Imcauaa llicy *f.i|ii-i--
lain tu Ihi] (iriula Ihiil ininiattr in thai li'ni|ili>.
And nrhoaoiinr ahall IIy Ik Iha l<'iH|di- .il Jtirn-
■alein, or lo thi> |ilai-rt ihrrilu brIonKiiiKi or «vln>
0W« tln! kinic iHcuK'v, or ira thwrti on anv uthrr
•eeouni, Ift Ihmii bi:' ai-t itrv, and l«t llui'r khoiIi
be in (urrty. I idao (tiyc ynu |«ave In rr[iuir anil
rrbiiild yuiir Itiliplp, nnil llial all bti dnnv at my
aipcnarg. I alio iillirw yoii to build lh<- wnlla of
sroiir city, und (ucr^i't high Inyrcra, and Ihnt lliry
Da Vi'fCled at nir ch»r){i', And if llicrr h» oiiy
foriiiied lu<»n llial would ba cunv«nii ill Ijr lh<:
Jrwiah coantry to hiiva very itrunKi 1*1 it b« in
built at my *x|>tni«t."
4. This wna yvhKt Dcinclriii) promitrij, and
cranti'd to the Jrwi, by thi< iMicr. llul kinr^
Alexan !er rai<cd a fcrcat army of nirrceniiiy
MJiliera, and uf (haat; thai dfterfrd In liiiii out iif
Syria, *nd inadu an t-xiwdilion acainat llniin-
Iriua. And lyhrn it Wna come lo abaltlc.tha l«lt
win); nf llciiiciriut put Ihoie who oppoaril (hnii
tn ll|i;hl,Hnd piir^iicil tlii'in a ijnut wny, ami ali-w
Biniiy ofUiani, and dpnilt'd their canip; but Ihu
nkr Croiliia'a nole lierp: "Tliit Jrwa,"KiY*li«i,
^ wcnl lo |iff ai-nt rraicnt tntfiekin^ia |i<f Hyrin ;)
aril tliol iiolil wlilriiwna piiM iiiaivait iifihuaf
yi;a, or wlikli ivna pxiwnilnl ill inakinitlheni. wiia
III llin ctticmjroU and lli«cr«i«a (ax." tin I .Mac-
..•J»». r
t Pl'icp Hill rrat ortliehlMlAliiim nowrxiniil dtp lliia
rinhl winic, whrra n'mftrllM b«nMiiw>d In b«,
•aa baairn) aait aa for all ihv ret, Ihay ran
■wafi hal Ormtilrlu* finiKhl rnuraKtiMMlt , aad
til w a Rnnl many of llir aii) my ; Intl M lia wa«
<^i lb« piirauit uf ihti I'xl, hia hnraa Ciirnit'il hlw
iTilA a lirap lia|:, whir* II waa haril Io|ki ^.m. Hiid
Ikrra it ba|ipvii<-d, ihnl a|Hin hi< born a ( aiiiiit
daiyiK baruulil n<il caiapr lirhi^ killmli firwhta
bia taandaa aiiw whal bad bi ullin hini, liny ra-
•iirnoil baik, and rnrmnpiiaaul Itanttlriua r»iin'l,
and Ihry all Ibrrw Ihxir il«r|a Hi bini, biii hv
brini anw un luoi, Imiglil bfH»r|y. bill at li lulk
ha rurrirad an many wnunila, tfiHl Un lyna iM
abia 10 b«ar uu any luiiKfr, but Ml, and ihia k
Iha and Ihal llainitlriMa iiinia lu whi ii lir li^d
ralgaad al«v*n jcan.t aa wv have darwIiarK rr-
lalail.
CIIAI*. III.
TAf yritndiHip Ihal lent luluttn (Mat an J !%■
Itmy I'hilomtltr; aititliuw UHint huiUii.'A'im^
fli IS Ejfijgl llkt lo Ihal 91 Jirutalttit.
\ I. liUT Dim tlir aiiA of Oiiina llic ImkI) |irlral,
who WHa of tliv laiiir ii.iiiii,- ivilb liia I'iiiIk r, .mil
who III d In kiuK I'lidi iiit . wlin Haa calli il I'hihi-
ini'Irr. IivhI liow at Ati'kHndri», aa wr liiitr tulil
ain-a.ly. Wlnni tliia Oniaa •nw llml Jii.Ii'h hu*
oppri^ai'd lij lilt- Miinitniiiiina ,ii(il Iln ii kiiin»,
mil ol II ilr^iTi' In iiurrbtti' In Iiihki If :i iiii Miirini
imil t'li'rnal f niir, Im n •oUcil In ai ml I . kiu;; j'lo-
It'iiiy ami ijin-tii rirn|mlr>i. In aak liiivc ul llirni
Ihiil till miitlil budil H (I'inulii in Kjivpl liki: Ir
llml al JiTiiaiiliiiii, luiil ini';lit onUin Lrtid i and
|irii'«l< nut nl' Ihcir own ainrk. 'Thi' rhiirrru* in
wliy li>« iviia ill airoiia an In ilo vv:i<, ihiil hii itlini
il|Hin Ilia pniphi't loiiili, wlio livid iiImiw aix
hundri'd >«iir» liyfiirr, (ind funfnid llml lliiri
rrrtninly wi« In lie a Icnipir buill lo Aliiii';lilv
(ind III Kityul :iy a liiiin Ibal ivaa a Ji w. (Iniit'a
wia ) l<>viiU'il nllh lliia iiiT'lii'linn; nnl wioir |l>|.
f.illnwiin; «|ii»ll» lo I'lnliniy nml <'|,'n|Kitnii
" llatip^ iloiif ninny and hrcu'l Ihini^a f .f ymi in
Ihr iiRuira of Ihf nur, liy lh<> n»i>|iini'i< oVliml,
iin I Ihiil in Cielnayriii niid I'h'rnicra, I I'Nniv iit
li'n;(tb with ihr Jrwa |» l.tnnlopolia, ilniltn oll.i r
plurra of your niilfnn, nhirt' I found llml lh>'
j(ri iilnal piirl of yniir prnpla ha<l trniplra In nn
Impriijirr niannrr, iinil Ibiil on Ihia nrcnunt tlirv
luirc ill-will onr ii|(ain>t nnolhrr, whirh happrm
by r<"Miiin of lliu miilliliiJp of
of opinion*
nbnul divine wornhiji. iNow I found ii vrry lit
pliii-r in n rnillr lliat liuth ila nuuic Iroiii ihr
In Ihv Kfsypliiina liv
llirir Irni'plin, unil Ilia ditli.'rrnr«
rounlry Ihnim; Ihia place U full uf iiiutrrinia nf
•rvrriil aorta, and rrpli iiialipil wilb aai^rid ani-
mala; | dlnini Ihrrcfnrr that vou will ((rant ra«
li'HVi' In pur^i' ihia holy nliiri'', whirh bilmiKa li;
no iiiHalir, imd i» fidltn ilnivn. onil tu IihIIiI iliira
a Irinpin lo Alnil^lily (in I, iifli r Ihv pntlcrn of
(bat in Ji'rtiaiilrin, imd of tli<i aami- itimvnainnii
that may bf f.ir Ibv In ni fit of lliyH-lf, nml Ihy
wlf« and rliililnn, Ihal iIiom! Jrwa Nbn dwell in
K;;Vpt iHiiy have n plari- wbilln-r tM||r'nmy niiiia
nnd Hint liii;rlli«r in iniiliiid linriinjnir oiin with
uiiiilhcr, and III' (ubatirviint In tl)>' 4tt*.*>"t<<K''''!
forthr praphi-l laiijiih funlold. lira! thrn tliuahl
be an allnr in KKyptio llie Lordliod:) und iiiiiny
nllicr aiich thi%a did be prnphiiy niulin;; to
(hat pinrc." ,
3. And Ihia WM whul.Oiiitt wruin |n kingPtO'
ArV'i *•'• dlrinly fnrrtolil \\\r liiilt.|ln» ofllilWi nipln
■a*Hllli<a.l». J5i|yi.,, mil) nna u aiifflrirni wnrmnl in fiia
J«Wi Ibr Imililliilii It', uitJ fur »'uralil||ulii| II r Irui' Cull,
Hill Coil of larncl. Ilvrnlii. Sif Awhi nt. Kit. vol. Ii,
piifo oVi. Tluii liwl ai'iiitia tu linva auo'i iHtlrr ncirp-
Hill nflh*mrrlfli't'>iiRil|>rayorH hi-Kn o lit ml liliuih.in
olli ii-i- nl JiirBimloni, /fr IIik unic im i^p. «, «oi t. "
- trli i .1 U ii rini a yo nN . imi Jo aap lni a o nir firv p ii I Ai i Jifu l y I li a HiH Ii i a ii: iHWIJ I U ' u r iulilidil. U ' liili>rn»
yrara, llf>nn rrldbnuxlik'a mH ami* In aMTiliiiiif I0| lallmi i-"'- ■ ■ •---'-■-'■ - ■-
tilAit! p niPiiiimiHlli^r Iwiiifp. ! ''"MUlr
I llfiuiiia in inp.ronimrirlolt'COnlnlan of Joafiiliua aU^E
and ofil'O inoili't<.a,)Kitli Jewannd Ctiriaiia"'. li>iii Vi* i hJ^BR'
Iropleryof IsjiMi, lit. IO.»c./ii il'at lUif Itrre t'tull ^ iJIKoii ropif a ; Inllii:! d,i>i thall )if<i niitA mtlitHni
I oa. aUiir to Ikt Urd im (A« midtl nf Ikl UmU »f\ »/ fgffl jfaJs tk*Ui>f»ag» a/C'iaaaa, [IMUatrra'
!
inii* In aapriliiiijj 10 1 lallira in llila l<»l. In order iodli«iiiiTii(;ailiPlr pr«|il«
'— ""IniirflllMi! ol' III* wi>rahi|i of l.'oil lipic, nrp very
alHil-'hly ilPiMirvi' our roii'idi-rniioil mid cut-
. Trp lurPirulni; vprati ill la;tiiiti riiiiatlnia Inuur
III roi'iia; Inllivl iii<i ahull if ruin miktltind
f
„-,-i^.-X
n
V^
:/:
■'M
» ,*.<•
o
*\^
^^■Ji .
■!?. ;,J
-;
.^>-
■*v^
.\
V
If mr»
that nf
cplalle \
hid (h«
uitoii th(
ply: "
OhiiM, II
tioii, nil
to iiiirpi
ontopo)
il IIRIIICI
■rcoiiiit
pleHttinij
pliirc HI
mit tini
for«t(ilil
it, if it
10 that '
Ubcl h«i
3. So
■ml on I
Minn, il
proper I
"3»-ltS_V<lM
luy »nr
ever, Oi
Jfellier i
arnif'il (
- about tt
4. N<
Jeim, HI
•hip to
Ak'XMm
■edition
llit'ir tci
, (Hvinf ,
teinpic
Sainarit
rUziin.
with hi9
niattim,
• baffled,
the argi
cm, the
Jerunalr
the kini
in? to
that Hi)
vA what
» death,
fcieiuls i
bear Arli
were at
tKose ni
' temple
that an;
■■ ■ 't
!an!!uni:c
wern in I
., f of the f
liuiali XI
> u^ion tM> j
/inllielai
• Thi'olili
. x^ithtl'e
■ ■ true reiiil
tc^t dii>|ii
ItltriHi I
■'' ' ■ ^opieii, t!
, . Tiinrr.',
' kinp aiiil
ny other
Worrtu !•:
wcrci'Hp
■iin <*'hv
* liix pre ft!
J- : (trovudn
\^5i.' kuilil hi I
■^1 an iiniir
"*^4«^j ii<-'J
. -»' iimip hn
I' ■ .<1)eli8prtt
aiiJaifiroi
. t , Mciiii I
■ s'iupnort i
■*y V>l*c«.i
0OOK Xttr. -CHAP. IV.
f.
SDO
•V
K
lfmy» N>)W miv one may ob«rrv« his piety, nnil
that <>{ hx aivtaT unil Milv denjixtrit, by that
•pintle whiili tlify wrnto in mmtviT to it! fnrtliry
Inid the bliMiin nod Ihc tninnf'ri'H'icm of tlif law
uimii thi- Ik'hV ufOnlHt. Anil tlii» wiiit llicir F<^-
Ky: "Kinif'i'tiilciiiy miil f|ii<<ii ('Itopntrn to
hind, » nd )(rt^< tiiiK: We li.ivc rciiil thy ^ii-
tioii, wlirri'in tlioii <l<'«irrrt liiivc i>i Iji' |;ivi'ii iher
to piirp;)' lliut trni|>l<i tvliicli iw r,ill< ii (liiwn nt I.P'
ontopolii, in the i\ jnin< cii' Hi liopdlii, nnil which
■• nnint'il from thr»r))Unlry Kiibtiiiti*; on which
■rronnt wr cnnnut but nundiT that it nhnul'l be
pleaiiuK ti> (iod ta have n liniplr rrrctid in a
plarc Kv unclean, and lu full of iinrrrd ahiniaU:'
nut tincr tliuu tnyi'Ht tbnt Unlnh Vlie prophet
for*fidd thii Ion;; np;o, »r kJh' thee lenve toilo
it, if it inay br tlonc aciordiiiu; to your IniV, and
10 that we may not appfar to liavt:.ut all olfi ndcd
Gftii h*rci|i."
3. So Oniii< took Ibe pluro, and built a trniple,
•ml an nitur to (iod, likr inilrrd to llint in Ji<ru-
salrni, but fuiiallcr nud poiiri r. I llo ii'<t think it
proper for me now to deicribe itsdiint nuion*. or
»i|ts v<1mU, wbirb have hein idready dmrribed in
luy seventh book of the warn of the Je«». Uow-
ever, Oniaii found other Ji'»« like to hinuelf, to-
rether with prie»t< and I.evitefi, that tbi re per-
lornied divine aervice. Uut we have «aiit enou»;ii
about this trtnple. " ^
4. Now it CHuie to pans thi\t the ^b'xnndi^iiin
Jewii, aifil thuae Siiinarilans who p»id their wtr-
•hip to the temple that nii* built in the dnyit of
Alexandernt mount (ieriaini, did now innke a
sedition onnMii^in'<t another, and <li(iput< d about
their temples before Ptolenvy hinxelf, the Jew*
saying, that, accordin)^ to llie law of Mo»f», I'le
teinpic wad to be built at Jerunalem; iind the
Sauiaritanit Hnyinp;, lh:it it was to be built at (le-
rUzim. Thiy disired therefore llie kini; to sit
with bis rriend.i,and henrthc debutes Hboutthefie
matterii, and piinii-h those with dentli wlio'were
baffled.' Now Subbeiin and Tlr<'ndo!iiu!i nianiii^ed
the argument for the Rininritans and Andnini-
CH», the »on of-Messaliinius.jfor the peopl.' of
Jerunaleni; and thev took liu^iuth by (Jod'auif
the kingi'to make tfjelr deinon«trnlion<' iii'cord-
in;r '" the hiw.; and tbi v di sired of I'toUnit,
that ni)oinsoet'er be xbouhl find that trnnsjJr^sH-
ed what they had «worn to, he would pnl him to
denth. Accordingly" 'he kiuEtook Hiyeral of his
friends into the council, and sal ilowii, in orderto
bear (^bat the pleaders s-tid. Now the Ji wh that
were at Aleicanilria were in preat concern lor
tHose men whose tot it was to contend for-t'ie
temple at Jerufaleni; for tbtry took it Viry ill
that any •b^nld take away the reputation of that
Ian!!uni:c: slinll !'« fnlliir Jews, wIiosr ■nTeil books
were in iMnevr^]ttnit .^wftir to the A»r-4 n/Aoittg, On«
■ foftlie tirsi] iliall it (ade&lht ritti of ilrttrurlien.
lsuialKi.tr. A utTMifte tinmn, ritfi of ttfttruriiim I
u|ionsojoyfidnu itrcisioUjanl a nnnie never lieard of
in the Inni) of Eiiy|ii,'or |ierluips'ln_anr oiler nation.
Th*9lil reailiiin wiise.viilenlly ihe c'Vm uf, tlir nun. or
llf'iiifiilh: mill Unkelos, in elft'ct, niiil SviiiiiiikImis,
. t^ithll'e Arniiir version, enlirefv ronfessttint to I'e the
• true reailliii;. TI:e»<e|Hi!ii'rinl n'sii, nhlak'Hiey Icivi- the
' tctit dii>;tuisc^linthefnninioncop'eB,nnilriill It J^^eilek, I
thf^ ritfi itf rfi(t:tfoir9'tf.i^ ; yei, in two or tiireo' oilier j
Monies, tlie lluiirew woVil lisclt" for the iiia, Jletrrti or i
Tfl'nrr.-.is |>reserv''d., AMilsinreOniim f'tsists wiifi Iho i
kinp nnrt i|TT('c'i.' liiltf l<inirih*.'prn|>lici yeniitaiiieit nin-
iiy oiliiT 'ircilic lions ri'lalini! IntI is tiinie. Ii^siiles tde
woflls l.y 'iiii ri riled, it is Iii;ili4y pri>f>al>'e itirit il'ese
^ferci'speii.illy meant liy liiiH:aiid Ileal one ninin reii-
•on xftw tie ir'i|''ieJ iliis predi'lioii to liinise!!', anil to
hlsprefeniircof fliMioiiolis, wl'lih llean rrldcniix welL
{trnviiSwas in t' nl p:.rtnf Ki»ypl,aiid,wl.j; licrl oiirlo
luili'l ill tiBil prerc'furo orHe'iiipi>li«,,ll;oiiRli otiierWise
•'i^'an iinproper plm-o. *»s fl is. 'I' at llie sumo anll>ari>y
"^ *«fi/»J liejiii* for liiiitdinitld^teinti'ein KrJ'^ii-. lie very
. V iawe be',l;art for tmil tinT i' I'l liis own profivture of
•Helifipi'l'S rIfOi tyt'srh' lie desired to do, and which l:c
dMn'*''r'lliia'y./ Itenn l'rid"aii.x I'asnmcli ado lo avoid
.leciiiti lliis cnrMipiiofl of llie lie. reiy. lint If heliij In
ii'iwnort of liis rfwif opiiiitn a'loiit tjiii temple, lie dimst
tat«ca.ii; and, imiecil, lio^rcasun* bcrc in llicmosl
■ ■ , ' ■ 1 .
i'^.
teniple, which Wis so ancient, anil so -tttohrMrxl
all otertlie linbildileeartli. Nuw » ben ilablieii*
and Theodosius hail given leave to Andronicutt,
to sneak firit, he bewail to ili inonnlrnte out uf
the law, and nut of the siicccaions of the high
firiest", ho«v they every one in «ic<Tiision from
lis father had rertivid that ili|,'nily, and ruled,
over the teui|ile; and )m\\ all the iinpn of Asiky
had honored that temple with ihjir donaiions, '
and with the iiiost splendiil cilttdidicated there-
to; ^but as for that at (ierii/iin, be iiiado po ac-
count uf it, nur re);ardcd it, ay if 'it bud never
had a beinf^. Iiy this' speech, luid other argu
ments, .Vndronirus neri>iiailed the kyiK to deter
mine that the temple at Jerusalem was built ac-
cordiinj to the law< of Moses,* and toput S«b
beu» mid Thendosiiis to dealb. And these wera
the eveilts tliat befell the Jews at Aleiandria it
tbe day ruf Ptolemy I'bilumetei;.
CyAIVIV. V *,
//oil' .lUxander honored Jonathan ofltr «n ««-
traorjinari/ .Uaimer, anil how Drmelriut, Ihf
Son of Uimelriiit, ovrrrtwtc Jllt'xnnder, and
made u League of Friendsliip villi Jonathan.
{ I. DKMKTnil'S beinjrtliu.s slain in battle, u
we hiive nliove related, Altxam'er loukthe king-
doni of Syria; and wrote to I'toleiiiy I'hilouie- '
ter, and (lesireil bis dauj;bter in ninrrin|j;e; antl -
said, it was but just lliat he should be. joined io
iiflinity to one tlii'l biid now received the princi-
pality of his forefathers, and bad been promoted
to it by God's prjiivltlehre, And bad conqnel;c(l
Demetrius, and that Was on other oceounts not
unworthy of licini; related to biiii. ■ I'tolemy r*? °
ceived this proposal^of niarria^ife jjbidlyi aAd
wrote tobiin an answer, saluting; him on accouQt
df his h.iyin;; received the priiicuiidi4y of hf»
lorcfutJlJirs; and proniisiiis him lliat lie would
KivtTbini his dau;;liter in iuiirriai;e;; iind assured
liiin that be was rojiiing to meet him at Ptole^
mais, anil desired that he woiil I there meet binf,
for that he would accompany her fri>m Kgypl so
far, and would there marry his child to him.
When I'toleiiiy had written thus, he cwie tud-'
ileiily to I'tofeniais, nnd brought bis (Taiightej
rie.lpatra ulonir with hiui; and ns be found AleX- "
antler there Itifore him, as lie desired him to
roiiie, he g.ive bHu his child in niarrtufje, and for
her portion f^ye her as niucb silver and (old a*
b<c:inie such u kin;; to p;ive. ',
2. When the wedding wa» over, Al lander
wrote to Jonathan the high priest, an' desired •
him to cortiie to I'toleniais. So when he came to
tbfse kinj;s,.and had made tlieni inagnificciit pre-
weak and iii)ud!chMis manner posaihic. Sm bim at tli*
vearHll.
• A very unfair disiltitii^ton tlils !. while the Jewish
disputant, knowinidUliat lie could not properly prove
out. of the reMlelffiii'ti, Dot ihr plart wliirh He hard ■ %
tireir ()<id i/iallchiiuiir D, place fUname Here, aui.1>en
referred to In tic hrtok of Deuternnoiny. wuHjerusnlem
• any more I'mn tJeriwiiu, Ilia' lie an noiilelerniine^ till
tlieilaysof D;.vid, .V'Uii'i. Ii. vii.ch^^iii. sect. 4, pFuves
only w lial trrti S.'iniiLrifi;iH ilhl not deny, ilal the jeni|i1n
at Jcrusnieni was iniieli niirre asi'-ii^'it, and^iniirl* more
cele'iraled and liniiofed I' uii lliat iit (ierizzlin, wiarli
>v :,a iiotliinu- to till' pre«ent pur|i««i. Tlie whole eVi:
deiire,liy tne very iialhs of 1*1111 pi'lie8.lietii|fj_n'es.ft.
oliMcNItolnroiiiiiiedlotlcrawof ;io.«es, (iHinl.efeii. ,
Inliairli atone. llownvrc,.Wof'dly |mU -y and iiil'TC'i,.
anil tl.enintliimle, prev:ii.i>ir.Il eiiiiirti'are si'tilcnro, .
a^i usiinl, on II e'siionjcr' /hIp. ami poor t4alilN*lis anil: *"
Tlienilosin;'. lieHnaiarlliin di'pulaais, were in»rlyreil,» '
ami tills, so farnsapiie.irs.w^lioul iiiiy direct leariiii;
alall, ■(vliir!i is likvilie usual prtirii'-e fif siii h |ioli<iral
roiirls afioiii inlfrie'ii of Tilii>iha.*Onr copies fay, M'nt
the iKidy of tlic Ji;iv< yji-re >ii a u'l'.\< loiii-erif a(ioi!t
(li><iCiMir», in ilicvhiral, <vlo wcreio ilisiuiie for llieir
tenip'e ai .Ii'Misiiliin: wlereiisil scuns 1 e-i' |iiey.|mil "i
lull one disputan*. And'OTiicnsl'viunue- |)erlia|i« nior*
wife pri reil'tos|«'iik ovi-1' e J"»s'siile; tiul tl e Antl
Ijjivinrvinswerc'I to i''s ,pnnie.°ead oreirmne the'Sa*;.
niariluini, t: ere ijirni! ' o lie.es..iily for any other dcCipA>
«f of the Jerusalem teniple.\ •
i
■-#•
aqo
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
■rail, Ae wii honored by them both. Aleiin-
. rd^ impelled him alio to put olf hit own ^ar-
, ' ■»Mil< and to take a purple pirin«nt, and made
•;. hjfn ait with him in hit (hron«; and rommAmIrd
kit Captaini Ibni they ihouhl f;o with him Into
. the niiddjc of the city, and proclniin, that it wa>
. lot permitted to any one to tptnk againtt him, or
, to Kivohim any ditlurbanco. And whfn the cap-
taint had thut (lonr.thoie that were nrt-nared to
Mcute Jonathan, and who bore him illwdl, when
•fey taw the honor that Wat done him by pro-
clamation, and that by the kinj^'a order, ran away.
Mid were afraid lett tome miichief thould befall
them Nay, king Alexander Wat jo very kind to
Jonnthan. that he tet bim down at the principal
of lilt frl» iidi. -JL >'
3. But then, upon the hundred and siJK-fifth
Tear,Demctriut, the ion of Deuietriua, caRiefroni
Crete, with a great number of m<'rc<-nary nol-
tfier?, which Laiithcnet, the Cretan, hruuKht him,
Md flailed to Cihtia. Thit thing cast Alexan-
der into great concern and ditorder when he
beatd it; to he made haile immediately out of
Phnniriu, and came to Antioch, that he might
put uinlters in a tafe poiture there, before Demc-
Iriut should come. He also loft Apoll.mius Daus
governor i>f Ccrlonyria,* who comini; .to .Inmnia
with a great army, tent to Joniillnn the hij;!i
Eriett, and told him, thitt " It wii'iai'^ right that
e Alone should live nt rest, and wilii authority,
•ltd not t>c »i)bj<ict to the king'; and Ihisthkig had
naue hint n repituach among all men. that he had ,
iiQt yet made him subject to the king'. Do nut
thou therefore deceive th>i< If, and sit still among
the mouHiniii'). and pretend to have forces with
theq: but if thoU hast any 'deiirndcinre on thy
ttrength, come down into the pliiin, mid let our
armite be C6fiipah>d to^ethen, and tlie event of
the battle wilt denionitrate wlilrh of iit it the
most couragt^uf. However, take notice, that
«. - the niost t^ilianl men of every city nre in m^
•miy, and that these nre the very men who \m\c
' «. - •Jwiij'* beutii} thv progenitors: bill let us have
the battle in •nrh n place of the country where
we'may fight w ith we,anons, and not with stones,
- and where there may be no place whither those
that are beiiten iiiav fly." - '• '
•T - ' 4. 'M^ith this. Jonathan was irritated; and
chopain^ liittmi'lf out ten- thousand "of his. t«l-
oien, he. wmt out of JcrusHlein in haste with
W» brother Simof), and came to Jopp.1, and pitch-
. ed his C!(tiip on tli< outsifle of the city, btcause
the people of Jopud )ia«l '.but their gates against
^im. for till y hiwl ^i g4f risim in the city put there
* by AfolMiiis, Jjul «hen Junnthan iv^sp)-e paring
to »»e»iegi' IheHij they \vcre afrtiid he would take
' , them br fori'e. ami so lliey opened the gales to
• . ^im. I*ul AphlloiW, when hirbeard tliat Poppa
; wat ta.ktn by Joimriiaii, toak three thousand
'•• / • c" bo"eiiien anil ei^ht tliou«Bnd^j[)tmei, and cnme
' , • to Atlt(lod,«A,mt j-etnotring thciice,;h» made, his
Jeuniey lilentif' and slowlj-, ahd jg(in" up to
, ,Jopp», be ni life as if he Wat retiring from the
^ » ' plaee, and so dww Jonnthan ii»> the plain, as
( . ' AJBiluing hiirtsi If Ijig hi/ \>ppn ■ his hontenien, and
. ^"MlP'aving his hog«ii«(f victory iirincipally in' them.
, ^ < ] However, Joniitbnn t dlied out, and luirsued
*.» • I Ajiplloniiis to A^hdod; but a^ socm 9s. Apollonius
, perreived that iiit fnemy was in the plain, he
* • tame btiek and g»Ve him battle: ^but Apolloniut
had ffid a thousand 4ioMeiiich m ambu^ih in a
valley, ihAt they might iiof lie 8<-«n by their eiie-
"vniei Hs bfhmil them; which ^vhcn Jonathan
. pcrcfned; hq was iindi-r nK,consternit(ii.if, but
battle
etic-
Pcnn
brderinjf Ins tirmy (<i stanff' in a s(|uare!li
lft"y •%*■>*« them,a ch|rge to foil on the
"J» Of Aetdyeral Jpe/ifiiU Jihouf theaaairen, tee ..„,.„
IVideauxfit Ihe year UF. TMIt Apollonliis Daus wag,
l>y hla«*rpi)m,ll'e tonofthat AiHillqnlus wliohail lieen
Sf.-SiHr""'"'','"' *•'*'*'> "»■'''' Phttnli-in hyPeleurut
Pbll(»|<rer, ami wm tiimaelf t-ronfldant of lila aon D*.
«Mriu8 the ruther,.and rWoredto tii<>ther'p govern
' • •: -.'^- ^■-:'
n
my bn both tidet, und tet them to face tboM
that attacked them both before and behind t uid
while the fight lasted till the evening, henv*
paM of hit forcet to bit brother Simon, and or-
dered him to attacli the enemies; but foYhinitelf.
he chargefl those that werii with bim to. cover
Ihemtelyes witti their armor, and receive th«
darts of the bortenien, wbo did at they wer«
coninianded) 10 that the eneniy't hortemcD,
while they threw their dnrtt tifl they had no
more left, did ibem no harm, for the darta that
#ere thrown «lid not enter into their boriiet,
being thrown upon the thieldt, that wcri'united
and conjoined together, the closeness of which
easily overcame the force of the dartt, and
they flew about without any effect. But when
the enemy grew remiss in throwing their darta
from morning till tale at night, Simon perceived
their wearuiets, qnd fell u|>on the body of men
before him; and because hit toldiei's thofred
great alacrity, he put the enemy to flight, and
when the horsemen saw that the footmen' ran
away, neither did they stay Ihenitelves, but they
being very weary, by the duration of the tight
tilt the evening, and their hopet, from the foot
men being quite gone, thcv bately ran away; and in
great confusion nlso, till they were teparated«on<i
froiii another, and scatlereil over all the plain;
l.'poh which Jonathan pursued them at Jar at
Ashdod, and slew a great many of iheni, and
compelled the rest, in despair of escapBlfrto Hy
to the temple of Dngon, which was at Athdod;
but Jonathan took the city on the first onset, and
burnt it, and the villages ahout.it, nor did he abi
ttain from the teniae of r)iigon itself,' but burnt
It also, and detlroyeil those that hud fled to it.
Now tliR entire multitude of thq enemiet thkt
fell in the battle^ and tvere consumed in thetem- .
pie, were eight thousand. When Jonathan, there-
fore, hiid overcoat So great an army, he remov-
ed from Ashdod, ^1 came to Askclon; and when
be bud pitched his camp without the citv, the
pcoiile, of Askclon came out and met him, ■bring-
ing him ho»|)itabIe presents, and honoring him;
to he accepted of their kind intentioiu, and re-
turned thence toVerusalem with a great deal of.
prey, which ^ he^ brought thence when be con.
(luered his enemies; hut when- Alexander heard
that Apolloniut^ the general of hit army, wa»
bcBti n, he pretended to bic glad of iti because he
had fought with Jonathan, hit friend and ally,
against bis directions. Accordingly, he sent to
Jonathan, and gave testimony to his worth; and'
gave hmi honorary rew«r(ls,t as afjolilen button,
which, it is the custom to give the king's kint-
men; and allowed him ICkron, and its toparchyi
fflr hjs own inheritance.
S. About this time it was that kipg Ptolemy,
who was enlled Philometer, led an army, part by
the tea. and part by the land.and came to Syria,' to
the assistance of. Alexander, who was hit lOn-hi-
taw ; anil accordingly all the cities received him
wdlingly,*s Alexander had commanded them to
do, and Conducted him as far as Ashdod, where
they all made loUd coniplaintt; about the temple
ofUagon, which was burnt, and accused Jon%.
than of having taid if waste, and destroyed the
country itiljoining i^iih fin-, and slain a great
numbt_r.ol them. "Ptolemy heard these accusa-
tions; but said Clothing. Jonathan also went to
meet Ptolemy as fariis Joppa, and ^btainej fronr
hull hosiiiiable presents, and those glorious in
their,kimrs. with all the marks of honor. Aiij ,
when he had vondbcted him at far at the riv«> •
called Eleutherut, -he retdrneA aigaiii to Jer«.
^arem. ' -^ -■/'■.■ , ■ -.
■■:■- :, ../ • .'.■■.( ^ ,-. ».
OieiUliy hint, tuft afterward revolted from hUto Alex-
ander, hut not toDemetrlut tHeton; at hetuppoaet.
^ t Dr. Hudton o'tel^et tiore, tbiytiiie Phftnlrlant an*
Romantiised 10 tcwardnichathad deserved weli-o^
them, by prcfeitllng to iJ)«m « g0lin t»Uon ;Cee ch;
*.iact.-4« *
N
t '
T"
'^^
'■>fK-
ity
\
BOO.K XIIL-CHAP. IV.
6. But a» f>totti{ikx «*■■ «t Ptolcmiiif, he wu
»»»jr nrar to n mo«l uni'imrtcU (iMlriiction, for
• treiclirroup ileniKn wmlHid fur hit lifr hy kUt-
■nder, by (lie ii)cniia of AniiiiuiiiiK, who wa^ hit
flrMnd; a^iU. as the trrarhery wh« very plain,
Plolnmy wrote to Aleiander, and rri|iiircd o/
him that he iKoiild brin^ Aiiiin»iiiu» to condign
ftuninhiiieitt, infuriuinf; hnii wlral nnnnvt I(b<I bvrn
aid fur him hf Ainnumiua, and diitirini; that he
miRht b« arcorilinKly puniiihrd for It; Rut when
Alexander did not ronipl^^ with hli deniandi, ^e
|>er<:cived that Uwauhe himietfivhAlaid the de-
lign, and tfaii wry angry ^it him. AlrHnnder
had also furiiiefly been on very ill ternit with the
people of Antivchi for they had nuffered very
much by hi* lueani; yet did Aininoniin at lenrtn
undergo the puhiahnient hi* iniolent crinici hnd
deier.veil, for he was kiHed
■•/.
981.
dayt' time, he waa not aUe either lu onitcntanil
or to <p4'Hk. Howrver, ^^ahdhl, a prince aniung
the Ambianii, cut off Alrxiindrr'a head., ami lenl
it to Ptoleniy, wlio.recoTeringof hit voundi.and
rtrturning |o hii undi n|nndi»K >"> tti" fif''' Jay,
heard at once a niont HJ^rcciiblii hcarinft, and law
a moit af^reeable light, ^U^h were, the death
and the held of Ah xander; yet a little after thtl
his joy for the <leath of Alexander, %»ilh which
h« was io greatly •atiificd,*'lie nUo diiinrtrd thil
life. Now Alexander, who was calli'd lialat,
reigned over Atiu. Av« jearl; ai we harveti^.
whefe related.
9. But when Demetrius, who was styled Nlctt-
tor,* had tnken thi; kiniidoni, he was so wiiked
as to treat I'tolciiiy'a sildiers vety liiitilly.j neither
renienibering the lengHe of nintuni nssi«liinre
that was hetwecn''thciii, nor that ho was his •dii-
in an opimibriuns
manner, likfjmwoinan, while he emleavored to in-law iimj kinsman, b» Cleopatra's flmrriage to
conceal hu#elf in a feniinine habit, as we havu him; so the sohliers (led frmn his wirJied treat-
eUewhcr^'lated.
7. Ilerehpnnl'toleniyblamedhiniielt fir having
^ K'*"" '•'• dauglittf in marriage to Aleiander, and
w ■ for the league he hwl made with him to assist
• him aKaiiist,I)emttrius; so he dissolved his reln-
tion to him, and look (lis' daughter awnv from
hini, and iniUiediatcly sent to Demetrius, and of-
i?"*^ '".'""''* ■'**S"**"""'lt"a' iissistnnce and
Vriendiihip with hiiu, and agreed with him to give
l«ni; his (liiiighter in iiiarriagc, ami to restore hii'ii
• to the pj-iHcipality of his fathers. Demetrius.
*« . was Welhpleased wljh this embassage, and ac-
; cepled of bis assistance, nnd of the marriage of
bis daughter. Hut I'toleinj; had still one more
hard task to do, and ' that .was, to persuade the'
. people oT Antioch to receive Demetrius, because
,they were greallv displeased nt Mm on account
. . of tK^ injuries his father Demetrinn had done
them: yet did. he bring this about;, for as the
people of Antioch hated Alexander on Amino-
nius's account, as we have showed nireiidy, they
were easily prevailed with to cisthiiiioutuf An-
tioclK who, thus cxpelli'd out of Aniioch, came
into vilicia. Ptoleiiiy ciinie ^Keii to Antioch, and
7as mai^ king by its inhabitants, and by (he ar-
, my; so that he was forced to nutontwoiiladems,
the ona of Asia, the oth«|l «t J'.gypt; but bring
natui-ally a good, and a rightpoun man, tfnd not
desirouSL.of what belonged to other.a, and. besides
theae<lispo9itiQU8, beingslso a wiM; man in rea-
V aoning about Qiturilies, he determined to avoid
the envy of the Roniaus; so he culled the peojile
of Antioi;h together to an assembly, anil persua-
ded them to receive Demetrius; aniiassund them
that "he Would not be ni^ndful of ^vhat tluy did
tohisfather, in c.i»e heithouldnowHeobliged bv
iheni ; and he undertook that |je would himself
be a good inouiti>rand governor to liini ; and pro-
mised that he would fpot pcrniit him to attempt
any bad' actioi^; but that, foi: hi^/own part, he
i ; Jvaa contented with the kiiflgdoni of l''gy|)t." By
srh^ck disrourse.hc'pWr'ufded the |)eopl<; of An-
. tiot-h tofecf ive D.<iSiett4u>.
8. But now Alexander- made bastt! With a nu-
merous and great army, and came but of CiliciiR
. into S^rjai and .burnt tife 'country Im longing io.
Antioph, and nillhged it; wheredfon Ptolemy,
>- and hts, son-ill-law D^ctVius, brpuglit their ar-
my against him: (foi; he had already given hiur
', his daughter iii'inarriagr,) and lieat Alex^idcr,
and put hinitr> flight;andarcordiiigly he A^d into
^ Arabia. Now itJianpined injhe time of Ihebat-
», tie, that PfoleniV's liorBe, ujion hearing the noise
■ •■■ of an elephant: (Hist hinrojf hi|,bjirk, and threw
hfmon the ground; umm the sigtit of which *c.
," ^cident. his enemies fell uimi» him, and gave. him
,'; !''*")' woun<li< H"j)oh his head. And bmught him
into ding;er of. dtalh^ for when, His guai^s
- ^ - eaiight hini up, he was so Very iH, that for four
., * This name, /7^/>frius JVV<!atiir, iir />ni;(ri«s IA«
MaffHrnir, is so written* on hli rofns stilt extant, aa
HndsoB tod Spanheim infurm ui : thcflattar gf whom
inent to Alexandria, hut Deiiietrius kept his els'
phants. But Jonathan the high priest levied an
amiy out of all Jiidea, and allm^ked the. citadel
at Jerusiiletti, and tnVieged it; it was held by a
garrison of Macedonians, and by some of thuie
liieii who hnd deserted the cu<,loins of their fofa-
falhers. These men at firnt deHpised the nlli miitl
of Jonathan for taking the, place, »isdepi)idinjf*
on its strength ; but some of those wic|(ed nien
went oiit by night and came to Demetrius, and-
iufurmed him that the citadel was lii«'i(';fe<l, who
was irritated with what he heiiid, and tii-ik hii
ariiiv, and came froiih' Antioch against Joni\th an.
And when he was at Antiiicht I*, wrote |f> him,
and coniiiiandcd him to conic to liW qulcklyto
I'tolemaisi upon which J<malhan did iiot inter-
mit the siige of the citadel, but took w'«y« him
the elflers of the people, and the Oriests, ($d car-
ried with him gtdd.nnd silver, ami gnmicirts. and
ft grea,t number of presents of frienlship, 'and'^
c^liie toDemeti-ius,and'iiresente(lhim:*ti^itht'in,
and thereby pacified tlie king's antf^T So he „
.was honored by him, and Ifcccived from hhuji.,
the confirmation of his high priesthooil, as hosP
hml possessed it by. the ({rants of thvilngs hi^j
predecessoi-s. And^whcn the JcvrwlKleserlers
iw'fiised him, Demetrius Was so Uf feom giv-
ing credit to them, that when he n*til»iied Tiini
tliat he would demand no more tnnn three hun-
dred tnlente for the tfihiite of all .hifl.a, and
the three tfcparchies of Samaria, and I'erea, and
C{alile<', heviy>tnplied with the pronpsal, nnd gave
' """ ■' ■ •■ ■ - lyim
•urt^, whose
'("Wtetriiis to
'lion of the
'Mill; you a
wrIi'tiiK to
y kniiw'^rta
eije^pur fa-'
wmpnecf to
hini a letter co,nfirniiiig i||l
coiilents were as foUows:
Jimuthnn hill brother, 'and.
Jews, aende^h ffreeting: f
copy of that epislln, W'hiclh
Lasthenes our kinsmatt, thai v<
contents. King De^inetrius to'
ther. sendefh greeting: 1 hav
return thanks, and to show favqr to^e nation
of the Jews, who hath observi'tl the niles.of jus-
lice, in our concerns. Accordingly, I remit toitiein
ihe three prefectures, Anherihia', and Lydda, ^nd
Kaiiiatha, which have been added- to Jiidea out
of Samaria, with their appurteniinces; as also
what the kings, my predecessoiai, received froin
those dljit olfereif s.icrifii^ in Jinerifein, anil
what Are due from the friiiw of.tlje eanb, and of
the. trees, and what else belongs to us; with the
salt pits and the crowns that used to be presenltd
to us. Noi'shall thry bP:.eoini»plled .tq'uav any
of these taxes from this' time to «il iutiiritv
jr^'keij^ir^ .therefore, .thai a copyo/ihi* epistle
be t.i^en. a'i«! given to Jonatii'iiii, and be set up
in aii eminem place of their holy temple." /And
(hese 'Wi'rdSIhe contents of this writiug. And
now wh^nfDemetrius satv that there was peace
every whlTe,,and thilt there .was iio danger, nor
girea na l-cre the entire Inscription; JHvilnMtriM III
;■.■■''', ''■■ ■
1
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%y
■\ TO
■V-
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
H
V
=*)(•-.
!0>
'mrofifMil'llB dlibanded the grtatctl part of
, hi» itriny, nnd (liinliiiihcd their pay. and e<ren re-
tainiTd iii pay no olhtri uut >uch furiignrra ai
came up wilh hini from Cr<^l*'< ""d Irom the
other inlantjs.j^kjweirer, this (procured him ill-
trill nnd hitlred (toav the toldicn, on whom he
brtUnvednulhing Troiri Ihit time while thekinfc<
biTurc hid) Hied tu pay Iheiii in time of pence, as
the\ tri.d bcfur^, that they luiKht have their good-
Will, and that they inlght bevery ready to under-
go,lliifi ditficulliet of war, if any occasion iliuuld
«».?♦», CHAP. V. .
Hoia Trypho^^»r.Jit hiull>tal(n Dtmilnui,dt-
livertd the hin^tlom lo Jlnliiiclnii, the Son of
AlixandtTy andtrointdJunalltanfirhitJluiit'
UHl ! aiiilconcerninglhcActiont and Embatriti
pfJonalhnoi .jl ■ '
p\ I |1' Now there wat n certain commander of
Altiaitder't forcci, an ApuiAian by birth, whoae
name wa* IMod^tiii, and Wai iliio '.tfalled Trypho,
who took 'notice of the ill-Will, the soldiers liare
1^ Demetrius, ami wenl.fto-Miilrhus, the Amliian,
who bniu);ht up Aniiochua, the son of AleVun-
der, and tuld him whiit ill-will the army bare
Demetriua. and perauaded him to |jivb him An-
''-iM^hu;, becamie he would make lilin king, and
recover to him the kingdom sS liis father. Mal-
ehua at the first opposed hin|> in thia attempt,
'< becniiae he cuuld not believe hjni, but when Try-
pho lay hard at him forafqhg time, ' he^over-
Jierauu'dcd him to comply with Try.plio'i ii'l^"-
iona ^nd entreat iea. And-ihia waa the atate
.Trvpbo waa now in. ^
i. KOtJunAthan the high priest, being deairoun
to git char of thoae thut were in the citadel of
JeruaaUni, and of the Jewiah deaertera, atid
wicked, men, ua well aa of tUose in al) the garri-
lona in the country, sent preseiila and ambaaari-
dois to Uemetrina, and cutrcatejd him to take
away liis*aoUUera;out of the tlron^ holds of
Juilca. Demetriua made answer, that after the
war, which he was now deefily engaged in, ..ivaa
ov< r. he Would not only grant nini that, but
greater things than that also, and he rfeaired he
would aeiiil nim aonic aasislaiice; and' informed
>him thai his army had deserted him. So Jouai-
'^than chose out tliree^ thousand of his soldiers,
J^d sent them to Demetriua.
T 3 Now th6 people of Antiuch haled Uemctrius,
both on account of what uiiachief he had himself
dour iheni, and tiecauae tliey were hU enemies
tjmn on account of his father Demetriua, who had
CrCdtly abuMid them; so tlicy waK'hed some op-
portmiity which tliey might lay bold On, to fall
upon hiiu. And when Itie^ were informed of the
'jUaistancc that was i.uming to ^Muetriut from
t Jonathan, and touaidi r( d at the saum tunc that
he would r.iisc a numerous ami) , unlesi they
prctented hini, and seized u)>on hiiii, ihtv looK
tlieir weapons iniiiitdial>'l),«nd tnromiMi'Sed hts
■■larc in the way of a siege, and seinng upon
all the ways of fj^tttinj; nut, ttuty scuight to aub
due their king And nlua h» snw^that the peo-
ple of Antioch wire hii ume hit bittt r tntmifS,
and that they were thut in eriiis, hi took the
jgi^rten.iiy sofdicri>, which he h.id with hnii, and
tho'r Jew. who wrc suit b\ Jonathan, and aa-
Wulteil the Antiychijns, but h< was'bverpnwtred
hj Iheni, for they w<ti uwn) Itn thouaumU, and
waa bextiii bat whin thi. Jews saw ttint the
Anliorhijni wirr aupiriur, they Oirnt up to the
top gf the lidtnc'ci^tnitl allot at tneiii f oni thrncf ,
and- b< r 11 "Ti liny wen ko remote from th»nr h\
|h«ir hi >^f, that tliey suBrri d nothing on Ihf ii
tide, Itut did great I'xirulion on lite others, u
^filing Irom "u' h an i(<*»li >n, ifie^ drove- them
6at nt the adjoining h(iUir< nnd iniini diattlv aet
them on fut, w|iin upon Ihi llaine auroad ili>ilf
qrer the wtiolo i itj ,iiMd burnt if nil flown TLia
happened' by rLiSun of tl|« cloacnist of the
hoiiaea, and becauae they were generally nnill of
wood;ao the Auti'ichiana. when they Were not
able to help themii'Udk. nor to atop nm,^re.
wero put to Hight. And as thti Jews leaned Irnm "'
the top of one houae to the lop of another, aiil|
puraued them aftf r that manner, it thence liap> '
pehcd that the ptiraiiit waa so very siirpriaing.'
But when the king saw that the Antinrhiant
were very busy in saving their children and the!/
wives, and to did not nght any longer, he 'ell
upon them \n the narrow passages, and fought
them, and sl^w a great number of them, till at
last they wer« forced in throw down their arms,
and to deliver IhemailvcB up to Demetrius. So>
he forgave them thia their insolent behavior
and put an end to the sedition: and when he had
given rewards to the Jews out of the rich spoils
he hf d gotten, and had returned thein thanks, iu
the ceuae of his victory, |)e sent theni away to
Jerusalem to Jonnlhnn, with an ample tealimony
of the aasiatnnrc they had atTorded him. Yet did
he prove an ill miin to Jonathan afterward, aiid -
broke the nromisea he had made; and hf threat-
ened that lie wouM make war upon him, unless
h^ would |)ay all that tribute which the Jewish .
nation owed to the first kings [of Syria.] And
thia he had <lorie, if Trypho had not hindered .
hinji and diverted his prefiarations apainaf Jona--.~
than, to a concern for his own preservation; for
he now relumed out of Arabia iiiloiSyria, with the
child Antiiichns, for he was vet in age liut a youth,
and put the diadem on his head: nnd as th{
whole forces that had left Demi'lrina, because
tlif y had no p<iy, came to his ai>aiatancei he made
war upon Deiuetriua, and joiiliii^'ijattle withhip,
overcime him in the fi?ht, and look from hiia .
both his elephunla and the city of Aniioch.
4. Dcmi^trina upon hi<i defeat retired into Cili».
ciai but the chihl . Aniiochua aent ambaaaadon^'
knd an epistle to Jonathan, and niade him hit
friend nnd confederate, aiid conliruied to him the
high priesthood, and yielded up lo him t|ic four
Rn^fectures which had been added to Jddea.
loreover, he sent him vessels and cups of gold, .
and a purple giirinent; uiid gave him leave to utc
Iheni. He also prevented him with a goldea
button, and slyfed hini oiieof his principal Iriendit
and appointetj his brother Simon to be the general
over Vlie fdrces, fronji the ladder of Tyre untb
Rgypt^. So Jonathan was so well pleaned with
these grants made him by Aniiochua, tirat ^.
sent ambassadors to him, and to Trypho, Md
professed himself to be their friend and con-
federate, ajid said he would join with him in a
war against Demetrius, informing him that he
had made no proper returns for the kindnesset
he had done bim; for that when he had received
many marks of kindness from hinn when ha
stood in grtnt med Tif thiin, he, for tuch good
turns, had rcquitid him with liirlhi r injuries
5 So Aiitiochus gave Jonathan leave to raise
himself a numerous army out of Syria and FhiG- ^
nicia, and to make war against Dcmetriua't
{^irals, whireupon he went in haste to the
scleral cities, which rcietvtd huii splendidly
ifldeVd, but put no 'forces into Ins hands. And
when he was come fVoni theme (o Askelon, the
inludiitantt o' A ski Ion came nnd brought him
presents, and,pi<.t Jtiitr in a spli ndid mnnner. He
txhprttd fRein, nnd ivery one of iIh* utlir of
t'lElntyeM, lo for-'nkt Demitriiis, ijid to j mt with
AnIitiLlilM, lind in aotisting him^Mit eniiiii\nr to
puniah Ucnutriii|i for wh.it ufliuices he had lieri)
gudt} ot ajfir^st the<nseKcs, 'and tohf them
theri lyese in my hnkons for^hat their proce-
ddn , if they hnn a mind ap to do. Atid when
hejiad persuaded' those cities to proniian their
assistance to Antioihua, he I'Ame in <>ari, la
nrdi r to indui e them also lo be (Wi-nilt to An-
tiochifi, 1>ut he found the inhab'rianls -of uata
much more dlifinated fr^tiii him tban he tipei ted,
for they shut* their gaica agauist b<m, and al-
\r
::n'v.,;
■':;V:v'
r\x:
BOOK XllI.-CHAP. V,
IMS
/
y^
Ihoagh Ihay had datertod Dfmclriui, thrjr hid
■ol rciolvcd tp join UicinMlvtiii lu Anliuchu.i.
ThU provoked Joaathkn to biiir^* thmii, and . io
haniM (dcir cqunirjr, for an h« Mt ■ pari of hit
' army around about (jaia iUrll', no with th« re>t
ha ovarran (liiir land, anil itpoiled it and burnt
what wai in it. Wh«n tho inlinbllantt ol'Unia'
•aw lh«mfclvcii.i thli >tat« of aAliction, and (liat
BO aMiatanfc came to them from Pemetriui.
that whaf mutreiited thci^i wmi al han<l, bvit what
(houhl profit them waa Mill at a Krvat dittanre,
and it wa> uncertain ivh«tth^r it Would coma at
all or not, Ihay thought i( would be prudent
, conduct to leave oir any li)n|(eii. continuance wiih
> Um, and to cultivate m«niltT>ip with the other;
•o thev aent to .Jonnlhant and proreancd they,
would be hia frii'mt^, and alTurd bini aviiatancc )
for auch ia the temper of men, lliitt belnre they
have had the trial of great ufflictiijn'', tbiy ilo
not undrratand what ii lor their ailvantage; but
when they find theihelvea iinder aiicb afflicliona,
thayHhen change their winila; and what it had
baen bettef fur them to have done belbre they
had ^*"n At all damaged, tliey chooao to <lo, but
no{ till i^tar they have tulTerad' auch <laraap;e».
. Howeveri he made a leaene of friendahip with
them, and took from them lioatnsea for their |)er-
fonnance of it, and aeiit theae ho9laf;ea to Jeru-
niem. white he went biintclf over uti the coudtry
•■ far as Oaniaacua.
8. Biit when ha heard that the j^eiierala of Pe-
metrint's forcet were come to' the city Kadeah
with a numeroua army, (the place liea betwevn
the land .of (he Tyriana and Galilee,) for thcfv
•UppOaeil tfaey thould hereby tiraw him out of
Syria, in order to pr^ierve Galilee, and that h«
would mot overlook. the Cialileana, who were hia
Own, people, when wa^ waa made iipon them*, he
went to' meet them, having left«Simou Io Judea,
who raiaecl aa great an army aa he waa able out
; of the Country. tiiicl then !«at dowti before Bethaunt
•hd beaicgcd it, ihat beiiij^ the strongeat place in
all Judea, and a'giirria/n of peinetriua kept it^
aa we have already related. Uiit as pinion waa
.raiting l>ankt, and bringing hia engines of war
Uainat Belhaiira. and waa very earnest about
the aiegc of it, the. i^rriaon waa afraid lest' the
place should be (afen of Simon by force, and
they put to the sword; ao they tent to Simon,
••d desired the aecurity of his oath, that they
dd rutnt- to no harm froiii him, and that they
(«-((ve (|i» place, and ^o awa^ to Ueme-
Accordiogiy he gave them his, oath, and
^ecteri them oat i.rf' Ute city, and ha pift therei^^
tgiirriaon of hi» nfva
\ But /onaOkan removed out of Galilee, and
firoih the waters which are called Genneiar. for
there he waa before '-ncamped, and came into
the plain that ia caltei^ Aaor, without knowing
that the cneniy was there. When therefore I)e-
metriua's men knew a day beforehand, tlnit Jo-
nathan wai coiiiiiig against them, they laid an
■mbusb in the mounlain, who were to aisault
hjm on the suJiUn, while they themsi Ives nut
him with an army in tbeplbin, which army, when
Jonathan laiy reuily to engage biiu, he aUo Kot
ready ht'i own soIdj^Lrs for the battle aa wlIi aa
he Wj'I abli but tbuse thai were Inul in ambush
ifjf D*,mf triiia's generiU being behind theifT. thi
Jc*» 9nir ufraid leal thty ^l.^/wld be caught in
the midst toitve^ji Iho 0(i<lte% am) pirish, ij
the^ r^n au^y i^'hiiite, ami i^ii|l^ air the' rest
left Jonithlrn' but u f>w tiu lM«!ife, m number
•bijul fifiy.uh" '^iid ivith hiiii, iWi i with them
Mattathris lh> ,4iin of Ab»Hliiiil,aiii Jbda\thetou
*fChti(«"i«, who pen coin iiaiiili rut of the whole
■ViUy Tht'si inatthfed bMdl\i iin(t likc'iiieodei'
* Thit rlatistf Hi otKerwuv rendired In the flrat Itook
if the Marraheea, <li tt fcrtkai ire^hacf tkt itlf
t»tkt of Seriflum m aur halki^ (s ttnfort %t. The
■•brew nrlKinal hrinft loai, we caini(;ir cenalnly Judfe
irMch WM tlio ijueat vcniion, oily the cabarence h'
parate, anintt the e^emy, and to ptiihed than
that by their cuunige they daunted -them,, and ■
with their weannna in their handa they put them
to flight.' And when those aoldien ofJonathaa
that had retired taw the em my giving Wav, thay
got together after their lli|;ht. and piiraued them
with great violfnce, and thia,;liil they aa far aa
Kadcah, where the cainp of the f neniv Uy.
8. Jonathan having thus gotten a gfiirioua, «le<
tory, and tiain two tnbutand of the euemy, re-
turneil to Jerutalem, So when he inw that all'
)l<i alfairt prospered according>to hia mind, by
the providence of God, he anit aiiiba»s«<lBr« to
the Roinana, being detiroin of renewing that
fricndahin which their nation had with them for-
merly. He enjoined the tame ajiibaaaadnra, th(it
aa they came back, (hey aboulil go to the Spar-
Inna, and put them in mind of their 'frfeiidahipt
and kindred. So when (he ambassadors came to
Hoine, they went into their senate, and taid what
thaywere commanded by Jonathan the highpricit
to aay, how he had tent thcni to confiin: their
friendship. The tenatu thf n confirined what hod
been formerly decreed concerning thehiTriend-
ahip with .(he Jewa; and gave theih len»l to
cai-ry to all the kinga of Aaia and Kurope, afid to
the governon of the cUiea, that they might
aafely conduct them to their own country. Ac-
cordingly, aa they returned, they came taiiparfa,
and m;liv«rcd' the 'epiatia which thej^Rad rk-it
ceived of Jonathan to them; n cup^ of which
hem follows: " Jonathan the high priest of th«
Jewish, nation, and (he tenata, auu bbdyof the
|i«ople W the Jews, to- the ephori and Senitte,
and people of (he Lacederooniana, send greeting-
If^ou be well, and both your public and private
aflairt be agr^eubla to youriniuda, it iaaccording.
Ii> our wishes. We are well alto. When -in former
tf^et an epittjc was brought to Oniut, who was
thien our high nrieat, from Areua, who ut (hat
(ink: waa your kii^g', by' Deiuoteleiu concerning
the kindred that wita between uiand y<iu, a copy
of which ia here aubjoiiied, we both joyfully re- ,
dbivetV the epiatle, and wefe well pledaed with '
Demot^lea and AreuV Although #e did not need
auch a demonstration, because we were well la-
tiafied ab(>ut it from the Kiicred writinKt,* yet did
not we think fit, tint to begin the claim of (hit '
relatton to you, lest tye should aeeiu too earl^ la
taking to ouraelvea the glory which ia tfbw Civea
ufiby'you. It it a long time tinea tbia r^i^tjoB
.01 Sura to yoii haii been renewed; and when vira, .
,uj)9u holy aiid featival daya, offer tacrtlicet to
j^flK), we pray to him for your pretervation and
'victory. As to oursclvet, although weliave had
many Wvt Ihnthave compaaacd, ut arm^d, llljr v
reason of (he covii(ouBnesa of our neighbora, yet
did we not determine to be troublesome either to
y'lu, oi- to others that were relatifd to uk; but.
since we hnvi; nd>w overcome our enemiea, and
have occasion to send Numeuius. the son o£^ntiu-
(hua, and Antipatar (he aon of Jnson, Wlio are „
both honorable, men belonging to ouMenatti. to ^
tlie^ Koiimna, we gave tliem this epi/tic to you
alto, that they migiit reiW that <riiiiJthib which
is'between ut. You will\herelor< dj well your-
lelvea to write to ua, aiidVind us nu account of
what you atand in need of iVuni tm'ii.ire jve are
in all (hingt dnpdted (o acr^Mffording to your ~
destriii." So'dic L.a(.edemonianai rtciivcd (he
anitmaiadors kindly, niiil inndt a decree Ksr friend*
j>bi|iiiud mutual futiatanre, and sent jt (u them.
-O. At this tiiiie th« ra were three »ectt anioitg
the Jewa, whor hafl different ouiiiiont concerning
hunidn BL(funs, th^ one was cnlla<l the Kcctof the
Phaiisees, aiiotlwr the 8<rt of tile ^adduceet,
aiiil'tht (ithcr the tact of the Gitenoa. .Now for
Ton Jofrphut. tut if thb were the Jawa' maaoin,
that they were t^tttfled our of their Btble, that the
Jetakand Landamooian* wera of klii,tih||l part of (hair
Bibltia aow teatrfor.we (|nii«o <«ch aia«rtio»ia el»
. iBr
JM
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWBT
tfca Ph«rit4i4^i,* ihcjr Mr tbit '•obic actiona, but
■ot all, are the work of wtc, and loiitc of them ara
in our own |K>itar, and that thejr are liable to fute ,
but are not cauttul bjr fata. Uut (he sect of t|i«
EMenrt,
that pi
iU dell
take awi
and
irillini
therai
\v /■
■"**.
-f*'..
,riii. that fate goyerna all IIiiiik*, and
fiilla men but what la accciruinir lo
u. »Aad for the Sadduceri, ini-y
le, aud aay there in no luth thing,
eveoti olf buiuan allitira are uot at
lilt they (uppote that all ouraclioni
wn pi<w<!,i, to thut we are uiirHtlvci
what ia good, liiid receive what ii
our own fultjr. However, I l^ave givrn
xact accuMiit of theae opiniam, inothe
luk of the Jcwiih War. ~ '. \.
But DOW the aeBeruli of DemetHm, beiilK
'"S^Mitf.'""' del'eal they had had, gi-
aM^HItar arinjr together 'ih&n/ihey bad
befoi^^^R cauie.againtt JoniAnanyOui ai loon
■a he waa iqibriued of their j^ohiihi;. hewviit
auddeuly tt> hieel tbem, to the 4:ountry of ila-
moth, for he reaolved to give them no opportunity
of coming iiito Judea^ au he pilchetl hit camp at
. flfly furlongs didaiit fraiii the enemy, and Mnt
out ipiei til take a view olSheir rnmp, and after
tahat manner they w<sre enCainptd. When bin
apiea had given nini full information, and had
aeited upon aouie of them by niKht, whotuld bim
the eiieiuy would toon attack nim, be, thu* ap-
priied b«j<arehand, provided for his tecurity, and
placed watchmen beyond hit camp, and kept all
bia forcr« armed all night} and he gave tiierii a
> eiiarge to lie of good courage, and tu have their
■ainui prepared to fight in the night tiitie, if they
ihould be obUged lo do to, leat ibeir enemiea'
deaigna should teem concealed from thenil But
when Oenictriut'i confmanden wvre infurmed
that Jonathan knew what they intended, tlioir
countela were diaordered, and It alarlmu thl^ni'
to £nd that the enemy had discovered th,iso
taeir intentions, nor cfid they expect t6 over-
come thi;m any other way,.^ow they had failed
ioi the tharei they bad laid for them; for thoiild
they hatard an open battle, they did not think they
•hould be a iiittlch for Jonatiufi's army, to tbey-
raaolved to fly: and ^M^iqK'Vihlcd many fires,
that If b.en the enemy atw Inem they might aup-
pdti^Jney were there atill, Ihey retired. Uut
when Jonathan came to give them battle in tife
n^oming^in their camp, and found it ilesrrted. and
Mdertlood'they were fled, he pursued them, yet
ke could not overtake thtfm, for they had already''
pasted over the river EleUtherus, and were, put,
of danger. So when Jonathan was nturned
thence, he went info, Arabia, and fought against
the Mabal.eana, and drove away a great dey I of
their prey, akid took [many] Captivca, and came
to Dtmiascu*, aAd tlicre sold oif What hrhad ta-
ke'h. About the same.time it Was, that Sjiuon
|ii( brother went Jiver 611 Judca and Palestfne, as
far as AskelOn, and fortified the strong holds;
and wl)en> he had made tbein vcry'ttrong, bolh
in the etlifiC'ea erected, and in the garrisons
placed ii^'lheKi^ he' lahie to lloppa, and when lie
bad t'akeii it, he- brought a greajt garrif^n into it,
•Those that auppote Juoeptnis toxoi\||rA||lft htmMlf .
in hit ihree aeveral accounts of the nolioniorthe IMia..
ttaees, llii» lieri!, and tifat earlier one, .which la llie lar-
(eat, or the War, b. ii. r.hap. viil. sect, ti ; anri the la-
ter, Anliq, b. xviil. chap. i. sect. IT; at .if hie aoinetlmi-t
■aid lliey iiitrpducad an abaolute fatallly, and denied
'' ell freedinn of human nctlona, iaalniost wholly (iQund-,
leas; haierer, ns the very leafneiTCosaiilioii here truly
ehtfrve*, >M<Rilln', tKa'tRliaViiiiMs were between the
Etaen^ and Sa/ldu' fes, and did only so far aiscrllie all
to fiUeOr Ohrihe rrovidenre,ys .wns consistent With
the fceedum of liuninn artiona. However, tlicir (D-r-
pleied way uflalkinsiiboiit fate or providence nsuveW
rullngall thing's, made iti'oininonly tlouKlit they wore
willins to cxcutatiieir slushy nacribinK then; to fate,
aain the A|XMlollrelCohstitiitioiit,Ji. vli ch. vi. Per-
bapa under the same general name saiiie diflbrence^jDi^
•pinkin in iliia point nii|iht he profl'itated, aa la vei
etMp w a n In a" par tlW i aa p s al al iy to wint a of m a tai "
for he hyard' that the people of Joppa w«ra dla>
poBe<|. to deliver up tha city to Uenietrius's ge-
nerals.
,11. When Simon and Jonathan llVd finiahcd
thrse alfuira, they rvtiirued to Jerusalem, wliera '
Jonathan guthet'ed all tlie people to)(elhrr, and
look Counsel to restore the walls ol Jerusulnn
and to rebuild the wall that encumiaitf^ tha
temple, which had been thrown iluHU,,^|iM to.
make the placet ailj«ining ttnmi^rr hfymfrHiyiU
toweri; and besides that, lo build 'iiiiolber wull
in -the midst of the city, in order foexcliide tha
markel'place from llir garrison, which was in tha
ciMdel, and by that nieanx to hinder tbem fri^iii
any plenty of provi>ioiis ; and hioreover, to toakau/
the lortrettrs that were in the country muchw
stronger, and morn defrUtible. than they wera
before. And when these tliiiiga were4tti<rove(t
of by the iiiullitiidr, at rig|lt|y propo^^' Jona-
than hiin^if to9k care of tbe'builtun^tlial be-
lougi'd to the city, and sent iiiiiion away to make'
the fortresses in the country iiiore secure than
formerly. Uiit Uemeirius pushed over [Kuphra-
t»a,] and came into Mesojiolumia, aadefiroilt to
retain that country still, aa krJl at Uoibyloli; and
wheii he sl|(nild have obtained the doiiiioion of
the upper pnivinces, to lay a foundation forrcco-
vcring his entire kinx'luin; fur those (ireeks and .
,Macei)Dn)Hn( who Uwelt there., frequently sent,
ambasiadora to him and promised, that if he
would come to tliem they would deliver thcni-
tt'lvet up to him, aiil attist him in fighting
against Arsacet,t.tlie king of the I'artkiaiis. .So
he was elevated with tliesc hopes, and came
hastily to them, at having resolved that, if lia
had jiince Qvrrtbrown the Pnrtiiient and gotten
an ai-niy of his own, lie would make war againtt
Trypiio, and eject him out of Syria; and the
^leople of that country received nim with great
alacrity. So he raised forces, willi wliicTi he
fiiuirht. against Araacea, and tott all hi* army,.'
an'l was himself taken alive, at w« haVe elta*
wiicru related.
CHAP.Vr.
//out Jotutlhetnuiat alain by Trtachery ; and hot*
thirtuftn iHt Jewi made Simon Ihrir Gentral
and' Hig^'Vritif: what cmtragtouit Actiont h» .
alio ptrfiifmed, especially against Trypho.
(1. Niijf when Trypho knew what ha4 bC"
fallen Demetrius, he Wat no longer firm lo An
',iioc|)ua, but contrived by subtletv to kill hint, ana
then take poasesaion of his kingdom; but the
f<iVr'WlA''he was jii of Jonathan was an obstacle
lib tbif hi^.deai);^n, for Jonathan was a friend to
AntieshuK:for which cause he resolved firat to
t«.iie Jpn^han out of the way, and then lo aet
about .jut-itesigii relating tl>>..Ahtiochua: but- he
jud^in^'lt best to take hiiii nif by deceit and
trenchery, cainA from Antioch to Bethsban,
which by the Greek* is cnfli^d Srytliopolis, at
which place Jonathan met biin witii lorty tlinu-
aand cboaen.men, for he thought that lie came to
fight him; but «|h(>n h<r perceived that Jonathan
wai ready (6 fight, he attempted to gain him by
alcal BuMleiy: however, onr Jnsephij^s, Who in hia .
heart was a (real admirer of the piety bfthe (Jmepes,
WAS yet in prartice a Fliidnsee, as he himself inibt ma
ua, in hia own Life, 'sect. 9^ And hia account of thia
doctrine of the Plinriaeea, M for certain agreeahle to
hia own opinion, who liolh fully nllnwed the fr«e- '
dam of human arlioiH, nndyrlMron'.'ly believed tin
pnarerful ihterposilion of Diviiii? Providenre. Cire'ron
eerninit this matter a {eiaarkalile clause, Aiittq.hixjd. .
chap, xi. H-rl. 7, ■ " , • ~
.f This'kinz, whotw.-iii of (he famous race of Arsaret, It
both lierc, niid 1 Marcah. xiv. U, railed by the family
name ^rtatef, hut App'.an sayK, his proper niime^wa*
Pkraaita. lie , la also railed by Josephua, the king at
tA« Partkims, aa the firpcka used to riiM them, but hy
ijie elder-author of the first 'book of Maccalieea, tha
ii*f»/,iki PtrMiannmd .JWa^M; acrordini; to the laS'
ituageortbaeaatetiitlatiotia. 8««Aulbant. Ktc. Mit
i l .p.ll ( ie< a ■ • '
^'■..^st
- \ :
^•%|'-'
'.:^
BOOK Xlir—Clf AP. VI.
f05
prtMnli *ni) kind Ircitmtinr, and ^iirr onlcr lo
nil cvplniiii (<> olxry Kim, miit liv llntfiinenritwii*
<lctin>ui M gwo nuiiiriiiicx of hli cmiil-ivill, mill
totHkciiviiy nil nuipicioiiA nut oliii* ininil, timt
fo li« iiiight iiiiikr hiiiicArrlcutmniii-itiniilrnili!,
■nd uiIkIiI uIi<: Mill whi-ii hi' wuh iiiiKUnnlnl. tl«
•1*0 Hdviacd liiiii li> iliiiiMut hiit uriiiy, hrmuiai
,, Ihrre nrni no occkiiion for hriiiKJnK it with him
when Ihtrn 'Mmi nu wnr, but hII waii in p<<n^l^
will IherrTorr |(<r* iiieh |irnp«r dciitomtreiioM
an will *li»w tliut I mil llitir iiwii lirulher; ».• I
mn lo IkiIJ «• In i'ii|H'Ct Ihnt I tlmjl ur«'n)(« tlwir
bliHMl u|iim ourrni'hilfa, uml deliver vuii nil, wilh
jtoitr wivra ind children, I'rom the iiijuritt Ihajr
intrnd HfpilnU jrou, nnd, nitli (iptl'ii imtiatunca,
to prrtervti your teiiinle rriiin dntrurtinii b/
Ihmil, fur I arr thiit tnoui iiutions havn you ia
, ronlcinpt, •« brinit without » RDVirnor, iind th»l
iluwrvKr, ha dttirt'd him In rttuin ■ f«w- about they tUvuco arc, encouraei^d to iuuk« wnr againal
him, and (jo with 'dni to I'lolemnii, fur that he you."
Would deliver llie city aptoliiiu.aHil would bring
•U the fortrciaei that wi-n- in the country under
tiii dominion; and h« told him, tliat.lie Cuiiiv with
those »«ry rleaiKni. •
>. Yel did nut JonKfhan (iinpect any thine at
•It by (hit Ilia Hinnn)(eni( nl, liut Iwlieved that Try-
pbo g;ayc liiiu ihi> advil-e out of kindiiiM, and
with a aincere deaign. AmordinKly, hv dimiiiia-
ad Ida army; and retained iici nxire than three
thouaand pf theni with him, and li-ft two tliou-
aand in Galilee, and he hiiUHidl', wilh.piie tlioii-
iand, niiiie with Tryph.i to rtuleiuniii but when
the fMio|itr of l'loli:ni»ia had aliut tlieir galea, aa
it had lieeni'oiuninnilcdby Trj )ilio tn do, he took
Jonathan alive, and alcw nil ttmt wire with him.
He alaii ai'iit aolilieia agjinut the two ihuiiiiiuid
that were left in tiulili-c. lii onlrrto deatroy Iheiii j
but thoatr liirn having; heard the repoH nf what
had happened tu Jonitthan, they |>n:V<'iilrd the
axeruliun, and before llinfw thut tyire rent In
Trjrpho came, they covered theiii«lv«« wiili
their armor, and went away out of the rnunlry.
Wow *rt»*n* tJMiae that were avni ai^ainat llie'm
Mw that they were ready t» fiithl furlheir livea,
Ui<;i' gave thl'ni no di>lurbant>, but returncci.
back tu 1'ryiiho.
3. Hill when (he people of Jeruaaleni liPHrd
that Jonathan waa takf n, and thut the aoldiers
who Were with him were lieatroyeil, Oiey deplo-
red his aadfite, and there wiia earneHt inquiry
inade ubout biin by ivei-y bo<ly, and a great nnil
ju>tlVar fe4l upon (lieiii, (ind inn le tlieiii in'!, lint
now they were deprived of the (;ounige and
conduct of Jonnthiin, the natioiK about them
•hould hear thei.u ill-will; and as lliev were be-
fore quiet on account of JpnHlhan, ))iey ahuuld
now riae up agiuiiat tbeni, and by iiiukiiig tviir
4. Ky Ihia apecch of Simon he Inanireil tb«
multitude with courage, and aa ihry had bacii
before <li«piritrd through f«nr, they were D,nr
raited to a g<iod hope ofbctter thihga, intoniucb,
that the whole multitude of the people cried out
all at once, that Simon ahoulil he their leader,
and that inalrad of Judaa and Jonathan hia bra-
thren, he ahoiild have the govrrnnienl over them:
and they pniiiiiaed that they wouhJ readily obuj
him in whuUnever he ahould command thinA.
So he got together Immediately all hia own aol*
iliera lliiit were At for war, nnirmade haate in r*>
buihiihgthe walla of the city, and atrengthenlnf
them by very hij{h and alrong towera, tind aent a
friend of hii, one J(>n»tbuii the friend of Abaa-
Idm, to Joppa, and guve him ordera to eject the
inliabilunta out uf the city, for he wua alraid leaf
ihey aliould deliyerup the cityjo Trypho, biil h«
himaelfklaVed loaecure Jenlaulein.
K. lint Trypho removed frmn Clolviiiaiawith a
grrtil army, iiiid caaie into Judea, and brought
Jonatbiin with him in. bond*. Simon alto mat
him Willi Ilia army, at the city Adidavwhich ili
upon a hill, and beneath it lie the plain* of Judea,
And when Trypho knew that Simon wna by Ilia
Jewaiuade their ;;overnor, he aent to him, ami
would have iinp-iaed ujvVn' him by -ileceit and
treachery; nwl deaired, if<hf Wuold have hia bro-
ther Jonathuii releaaed, tha> be wouhl aeqd him
It hiiiidird tnlent>> of aitvcr, and twoof Junnthan't
Hi.iia iiH hoalagea, that whin li« abalM>e releaiad,
lie iniiy not iiin!<e J^dia rf^volt fimii the king, for
l.'iHt lit prraent lie waa kept in boiiHa Qn account
of tbo money he had bnrroned of the khig, and
now owed it to him. Hut Simon wm aware of
tliQ craft of Trypho, and altliouirh be Iciiew thai
'■' he (juve biiii' ihi' money he. t-houhl hini' it, and
with them, aliould force them Into the utiiioni ■ ihnl Trypho woul.l not aet hit broihir free', and
danirers. And imh-eil what they auaiiected really •' ■'■'■■■-■ - ■ •<
befell them, for when the ntiOona hiiird of Hit!
death of Jonnthun, they began to ninkc* war with
Ibo Jewa as noiv ilexlitute of u govefnor; and
Trypho liiimiilf got an iiriiiy together, mid had
■n inleoliou 40 go up to Judea, and make wnr
against iti inhnbrlunta. Kut when Simon a'nw
withal aliould deliver the apna of Jonulhnn to
the enemy , yel biCniiae h^i W'>a afnddyfliat he
>ho|iliI have a ciibiiiiny raiocil jijg.iiiiiit hUn among
the iniillitudr «» the i^auae of hia brolli/r'a ileath.
ilhe neither g:ive the ni>Miey nor aent'Junathan't
aon», he )ii"l''rpd liia uriiiy t ;getlier, and told
tliem whjt .jlfetH 'I'Fypho nmrniade, lind added
that the pco|de of Jeruaaleni were terrified iit tbia, tl'iit t':>e-nll'era were eiiauarin'' and trench*^
the circumataurea tliey were., in, he desired to rout, and }ct that il -was more eligible to aend
make a speech (o th^i'i, aiid thereby to remhr t the money and Jonnlliiin'a tiont than to l»e liiibl«
tbem more n.aalute in opiwaing Trypxo whin he i to the impiuiitinn ,r( iri.rcoiiiplving- wiih Trr-
(houldcoi've against •thrill Tie then c.illcd the pho^<< oilers, and therebv refmi'irg to save hji
people together into 'th^ teniple, and thence be- brother. Accor(liii|^|y, S'iiii'in «ei\t the mat <it
gan thus to entfiiurage theiiii "(i,niy country- { Joiiatlinn nnJ the m'lii.iy; Init when 'I'rypho had
men, yon are not Ignorant that our fathers. inVr | received tlieiil, he <lid not keep his proiiiiiie, tlor
self, and my brelhren, hwe ventured to hat.ird | ael .loii%lian free, hut took liiii ariny, nnd went
our lives, and that willingly, for the recoverv of i about all tlic coiiulry, and re«blv<Hl to go after*
ward to Jerusalem by' the way uf Idunira.'whila
your liberty; aiuce I liuvc, iNerefofr, auch plenty
df examples before :iue« and we oT^>ur lamfly
have determined with ournelvea to die for our
laws and our divine worahip, there «haU no ter
Simon went over against him with his arniy, and
all ill'uig pitched his own can>j> o\i!r Dgainat hit.
dC. Uiil wli'en those that were In the citadel had
(01 be so great aa to banish this reauliitioft from J^aeiit fji Try pho.-nnd beaooght hiinjo ini^e hnsta
oUr Simla, not to iatciduce in its place a love of rand conic'to them, and t.i spud theiu prjvisioiij,
life, and a coirtciiiin oi^glorj. Do you therefore j hg pripiireil hia cavalrr as tlwugli he would ba
follow iii« with Jacriiy wBithorsoever I ahall [^Jt' Jerusalem that very nighl, but so great a quii
"leadyou, asnotdeatitUt^Ofsuch a ca(>tain aa is itityof aiiow f<l.l in the nitlil, it coverij I
willin'^ tfj futfer, and to do the greatest .f*-'^ — * ' - ' • '-'' ,i >• ..
fcf yon ; for neither am ■ ■
that I aliould ^eaparing
far worse than they as to
they thought the most Ij^noruble of nil thiiij
I mean; tu undergo n^i
10-
iha
<l«t wowhip of
Ffor
:h,is
I svriB,
t-Miui falling
r laws, and Tor < Oileat^ie alety iTtnali-iif
niitly up-n the land of
laws, nno for | uileat^ie alety Ji>nal>-att<h^, anil when he had
Uar to jbu; I givou order fur hia bunibK llt^tturnea hiuiaelf t^
\
.X
^r
i» '
\
'-■-■■^
i :■
^?-
ioe
ANTIQUITIES or THE J6W8.
I
ir-
V- >■
AnUocl|.\ Ho1»«*cr, Simon Mat torn* to the rit
' BiiMn to briiigi »w»}ij^i» hrblhcr'a bonci, H'
bxritil (hrni ill Ihrir .,wn rlljr Modin; ami nil I >'
'|Mq|il« mail* grcMt t iiienUlion o*«r him. Kiuma
alto crai-ted a very larKu niununiCDl fur hit fa-
thur ami hit br<^lnr<'n. uC while and iHilithrd
•tone, and raitad it tii a great height. Hnii ta at )o
be trrn a lung W4y ulT, and made cloitlrrt abuul
it. and tet up piliart, which ware of one •lone
•piece I a work It wai wonderful to tee. More-
o*rr, h<' buill ii vtn pjraniidt aUo forhii |»renl»
•od hit brethren, one for each of theiii, whiih
were made very lurpriiing, both for their large-
Deit and beauty, and whicli have been prrtervrd
lo thit'day; and we kquw that it wat Simon who
betliiwed to much ieni about the burial uf Jiiua-
than, and \he Iwiildiiig of thrae mununirnti for
hit rctationt. Now Jujialhiin ilied when he had
been high priett" four yeart,* and hud licvn alto
the governor of hit nation. And thetc were (ha
drcuniiitancct that concerned hit tieatb.
T. But Simon, who wat made high priett by
the multitude, on the very firtt year of hi* high
prietlhood tet hit piople'tree Iroiji their ulavury
nrnler the Macedoniaui, and periiiilted theili to
pay tribute to them no lunger ;t which liberty
Vid freedom from tribute they obtained artcr a
', hundred and tcvcnty yeart of tii<! kingdoiii of
the Aityriani.f tvliich wat after Sclnuut, who
WBi culled Mtc^tpr. got the dominion over Syria.
MoH^ the alTeriiori of the multitude towurdt Si-
looA wat to great, that in tbcir 'coiitructi one
with another, and in the public reconlt, they
wrote, *' In the lirtl year of Simon the benKl'uc-
tor and ethnarch 6( Hie Jewt:" lor liiider him
they were very happy, and overcame the ciie-
Btiei that were round about them, fur Siniuii
overthrew the citV Uaxapi, and Juppa, and Jum-
nia. He aUd took th; citadel of Jtrunlfiii iiy
liege, and eiiat it (fown tu the |(ruund, (hat it
might not be anymore a place ol rcru^e to tin ir
enemiet when they look it, to do them it minchltr,
•I it had been till now. And when lie had dniie
thit, be thought it their belt way, and iiiont Ciir
their ailvanlage, lo level (he very niouot:iiir ititll'
npon which the citndvl happened to itaiid, that
■o the teiiiple might be hight^r than it. And, in-
* There It tOitie urcnt itror lii tbe roiiiea liere, when
namorethnn lour yi'iimnteniirrlliedtuUicl i^li priiiit-
bood of Joniitliiin. We know liy JoM|iliu>'ii li'ul Jew4
lah chronolOny, Anllq.b. iiurh. x. tliol tliifrc wiitnn
inlei valor teven yeart liciwceii iheilealhol' Alrimua
or lariniut,Uie<aat lilili pricnt, and lie real lili;li piiuii'.-
bond of Jonnlhaii, 10 w|:oin yctihoM:8evunyi'nrtfi<>ci|i
here to tie utrritieit, mh a purl of Iheni were jo iu'lim U>'
fore, Antiq. 1i. xii. cliup. x. «ert. 0. Now Hiiiri!, Iicjihioa
tliete tevoii yeart iJ(/crrr;^iTHM lii llie jiuiii'illciiTr-, we
■retold, Aiiliq. I>. XX. cli. x. thai Jonatmin'?i rieul hlih
prtettliooil laiied ik'vi'ii ycira iiioro, tgcar two aevi ii
yeanf will Kiakc up fuurlrvii yeart, wliirli4 mippuM*
wa« joarphiia'a own num'er in liiia place, iiialDadul'
'ihe four In our priMMtit cnpie<>.
t Tlii'nc I'.U years oniie Aiuyriant meiin no inori', an
IJwephua (•xphiiiia liliiimtlf hern, than Irom lliu era of
jpeleiiriii, which, at It la known 10 have hecnn nii 'lie
Sltth year before tie Cliriatkin era, from lit tptiiiit in
. the flrat book of MorriilK-ca, and from lit nutuiiin in
the tnronit iKmk of .Mnrrahi'ct, ao did it not I'euin nt
Ihliylon till Hie next tprin:i on tlie :ill(h yenr? Bw
Prtd. at the year 'Mi. And it i* truly ohmrveir
Hndion nn thit place, that tl c'flyrii|riiijw(»t-S5syriiin«
are', tninetinice ruiiloiiit'led injiiieicfit auf uorfl. nrt-or-
dln^ to 'lie norda of Jut*4n'Tlie epitoinizer of I'lo/ua
Pompeiu!!, whiiaay^, '■ I'hatthr Attytinua wi'reuftcr-
ward rBlted'Sy/».:in." R.i.rli. iii. R-i' Of the W!,r,
^,b> v. ch. ii. tcrt. 4, wlieri' the FhiliaiiniH ihc'niai-'.ioa,
'' at the very iiouth limit of Pyrin, in ill iitniiMi i^xicnt,
■re called jl>«yriaii( hy Joacphut, ut Spniil'cim oh-
Wtrm. ■ ■ .. ■ >
' lltmntthRrehedMigRntlynoinditliatJatepl'Uii'arppy
wtheltrtt houknf MacfalH'eikwidcli !ic ll.Mlaol■nrel'lll■
l; followed, und fall. fully jihrldiied nt f^r at I health
. venoofthetwelfthrlinptGr, aociiittle ciolMivce:iileil.
What few ihinjia there ire .iftcrjvard commun to ''Otii,
■ijjHX proHni'ty lie lenriieit 'y him fnm aoiilc other
DtdreiinperfiTl rcrorila. Ifnivcver, wnniiiat ix IriiyoS
r licre, wiiiit llir rpinninina pan iifiiiiii i i
d«e<l, when he hadeallad thi itiultllilile to 9m •••
-cmbly, be |ier«uaded them l» havi it to danio-
lialied, iiml Ihit by putting ihriii in mind what
miterict they hail luffared by itt garriaon, and
the Jewith deacrten, and what niiaeriet they
might hereafter lull'er in cnte any fureignar
•huuld iilitain the kinf^lom, and put a nrritOH
into that citudi I. Thit tpeeigb Induceil the mul-
lilada to a Comnlialice,' becaute hp exhorted th^a
lo do nothing but what wat for their own goodi
to they all act ihemaelvea lo the work, and level-
led the niountaJiT, and in thai work a|ient Imtb
day and qight without any intermiaaion, which
coat ihem three whole yeart before it wat ra>
moved, and' brought to an entire level with tb«
plain of the relt of the citr. After which th«
temple wat the higheit of all Iha bvildinga, now
the cili«|l<'l^ at Well aa the muOntaio whereoD it
ttood, were driniiliahed. A iid thfte action* war*
thut perlormed under Simon.
CHAP. VII.
How Simon eoi\ftdtrattd kim$t{fmlh Jlnlioehut
Piui.aHdmadi ffarui/A 'I'ryfho i and a littU
qfinoard aifainit Ctndtlteui, tht Otmrai of
Jintinchui i Army; at alto how tiimon tea*
Ht'irdtred by hit (on-in-Jatv Ploitmyi and IktU
by Treachtry. ' '
{ 1. Mow o little while after Demelriut bad
lireii carried into Cdptivily,) Tryuhu hit governor '
(leatroyed Anliocliua (lie ton of Ali'(nnder,|| wh»
wat ulio called Me g-od,i and thit when ho had
r<'i)(ned four ycurt, thuiign he kuvC it out that ht
diitd iimier the handt i^' the fiftgeuna.' He tliaa
pent hia (riemit iind Viote ttiat were moti tntir
niktr witll him to iIh); tohliert; -ajufiprumitad
that he would give them a greut deal of money
if they w^uld make hiih king. He 'intimated to
tlicni tli*t l)ciiietriu» wat made a captive by the
I'artUiana; and that Deiiittriua'i brother AntiO'
chiit, if he came to lie king, would do thein •
gri'iil HJcnl of miicliief,' in way of revenge for
their revolting froiii hit brollier, 'So the loidien
in eX|Hrliition of tfie neullhr they ahould^el bjr
b(n>luwiii|; the kingdom on Trypho, maue bin
their ruliT. Howtver, when Trypho had gained
never hrive omitted, had hit ropy rohtahied to iniirh,
thnl lhiai^imohlfic(:rnBt,lheMiirrnliee,*mailea teajjOit
with Antl<H;huaHotcr,llioaoiior D<Mniariua Voter, an4
hrotlivr of the other Ucnioiriiw, who wat now a cnpllve
in I'lirti in.thal in>Qii hitroiAinu lo tic rrow'i, hIouI
thu HWIi yenr iKHore 11 cChrlatiancra,he||riiiiedKreat
privilc>Hto(ho JvvrHlinulian, nndlo Hlmiiii their idgb
jirlcti niid cthnarri', wliirh privlii^Jtea H'nion teCmatp
liiivi! 'nki'ii of hit own n'rnirl, nl out three yeara licfora.
in pariiruhir IM siive l.iiii Urnve to roht luoiiry fur liti
ruiiiitry, wit'i Hauwn alniiip: and at ('oncertiui!: Jcfu*
juih-m.iiiidli'oaniirliinry, tlal (liryalmuld lie/rer, oraa
the viihiar Latin hatii ii, holtianilfni, I Moiruh. xt.
C'T, wliirli I inkc 'olie tie true rcadiiicntlK'iliK the ifs-
ry ^vnrila of hit :' tiicr'ai-oiiraaelon ntrvrcd to Jonathan
tiivcral yenrt liefori*, \\\. x. Ill, a^d Aiiliii. b. xlil. cli. U.
tcrt. '1. Now ivjiat inukoi'thit rtatn, und tliepu itraiila
(rcatiy rcini^rkiihln, ia the atnteijl^c remaining s:imiu
liiRthekWii nf'llii- Jejj»-wnliHaiiiaritan clinrnrieri
which FiM!in toJjMr<n>r<iii, uiott ol them at Icati, coined
In tliejlwHWir yvaraofthlK Hiiiiontl<eAtnioiiiMiii,^uid
upon tl ciiithRiw worda on one tide, Jtmalein
ILtHoli/, and uiitifi! rnverac. /« rfta neitr uffrftJMm, 'a ,
or a, or a, or 4^ which, ahckc'n ihCrcfor* ire origi-
nal iiionaiiii.'iitH of tl.oBc timet, and undeniai'le iiiiirka
of tile triitii of l'<e hiatiiry In Ihoae rhaplera, IliOiieh iV
I q, in i;ri'alinen»iire omitted hy Joacphiia.. fee E.'W.iy
on I'M Oil Te^t:llllellt, p. 1.1?, I,'*. The renaon wliy I
rather tnpiwe l';at hit copy of tlif Marcniii'i-a nniitbd
tl c«e riinpM rii, than that Ida own ropicture hcnfjtiv
|.i'rfeci, Uti h, Hint all their civileniiaro nut here onij^
ted,ti.oi\(il; iniii-hthe BrtMtcr parthe.
II llmvTryiiho killuitlhlH Antioilii|i<, Iheeirttpnie ol
IJvy hil'urHitun, eh..'i: , wJK.ihul liccornipiccl M» p'ly-
niriaiit or tiir););o>'t, who frilaely prciendiiieio tl c |»!a-
tdettia; Im> waa |h-rrsliiiij ivith ihentoiio.aHthu'curliim
j for it, killed I iiii.wMcli i^xactjy aiiriTt.wilh JaH.'p!iUI.
I (That tlrirt Antiurlym the »on of Alexander llula,
' — a v«\\e{\ tti- !'uit, \* I'vidpnt fioni hit roiiit, which
tm i a i t su u rc B ii a liil
'^
-< ..-..
■'■/■-%'
BOOK xiir.-cHAP. vni.
Sr
907
«
th« nuiitermtiit nf ainiln, h« iT«ni<iniitr*lrH hi*
ditpoiiliun to lir «rirk«il| for iWhiJr lir wn> ■ fri-
ftl« p^Ttun, hr i'ulli«itl%<l'a hiiiillHril) with th«
multitude, anil |)rvtrniU'<l to gnttt iii<i(lrruli<in,
•■d ill dr<^nr ihiiii on iirtfulljf lu Hrhiiliorirvr h«
5l««<rii ;. but when be hwl oiire tnkrn the kin|[-
qm, he luiil aiiide nny fnrlher diMitituUtion, end
WU the true Tr)|iho, which hvhaviur iiwde hi*
encuiiei •uperior Ui him, (at the aohlirry hitrd
bini, itnd r«Tutled from him to ('leo|«»tnt ihe
wife ol' Drmelriuf, who wu ihm nhut uii in Hr-
leucin with her children, lint M Anlinrmii, the
brother of Uemrtriui, who wn r.alled Motcr, wu
not ndniitteil hjr any of the rilii • on nrrount of
Trypho, ('l«o]m|rB tent tithifii, and int'ltidliini
to marry hrr,' knd to tulli- thtr kiiiKd»ni- The
reuOm why nhe made Jilif invilatli>n »• re theee:
that her I'riendi |ierlundvfl her to it, and that ulie
wa* afraid of henelf, iivcixe mnio of the people
of Seleuciu i<lioul.il dt-livef up the'city to Try|nin.
3. At Aiitiuchui wa« nuw name to Si'ltucia,
Ud hii forc'in increaieil ivery day, he nunrtthed
to fluht Tryplio; «nd hnvinic IwHtrn hint ih the
batiM', hittt'ji'Cltd iiim out nf tha Upper Svrl^
into Hiatnirra, and pununl him thither, and he-
•Itfged hiui In Doru, whirli waH<^ fortreat hnril
to be taken, 'ivhilher he.hnd llcil.V He aUu mnt
■uibiKiadon to Kimon, the Jewiiih high prieat,
about a It'Hgue of frieiidthip and mutual, a>ti*t-
•ncc; who readily accepted of the ii)vU*tion,«nd
lent *o Alitiorhui creut nuuii of money, \iiul pro-
viiioiit, for Ihoae that benlefjed I)ora,'Sind there-
bjr luppliied them very -fileiitirully, lo that fur a
little while he WHtluokt'd ii|Hmi aroneiifhii
most intimate j'ri^dtt but (till Trypho fled JTroui
Dork to Apsmta, where he Am taken durin); the
•iege, and put to death, wheu'he hiidi reigned
three yrat<)|. y' ,
3. tluwever, Aotiorhui for^t th« kin(|'ni(i«(-
Mce f hat Simon had alTuriletr him in, hii necei-
■ttf , by reaaou v( hia vuvvtiiua uud wicked ditiHi-
■ition, anil iiimliiillrd on iirmy iil' mddiiTli to lit*
friend ('i'lidc'.beu!!, mid nciit lifni at once tu ra-
vage Judrn, and to M'iii' Siiiiiin. When Siniiili
beard of Antiocjiua'ii briakiii); his leagu^ with
hlui, although he were itotv in yearh, yet, pi'ii-
TokAl with tKi! uiijuat tfeutmi'Ut nt had nut
with from i^nlrorhut, and taking a remiliilinii
brisker than hit a|$r could well IveiiV. be. went
likeayic^un^ man to act ns general ul' liiit army.
Ht alto lneiiV Ills «uva beliirv niiioni'<th^ nii><t
hardy '' "^^ "^ ' ' '• ^
' »i
meu.ni
iMrern tne mounli^iMi; nor did he fuil of sncceM
naidy otihia auldiera, and he hliimelf iiiarrhed
00 with tuW^niiy Hnother wa/, aiut laid many of
hit'meu.JTf
r iimbiiahea, in tlio imrrnw valle} a be<
in any our of hia atteniptu, lii^t wii« too* hnnl for
biaene'miet in every one of tliem. So lie li'd' the
Vfiit of hi" lilo iu P*'>"°*> i*"^' did nis» himself
make a l''Ujaue with the Itiimana.
4. Mow lie was tlie ruUr of the Jcwi in aM
eight vearsiibut At a, feaal Came to his eiiil. it,
was rauaed by the lr<'achery o( his "ann-in-inu',
Ptoleinv, who Caught' al.io Ins wife, and two of
his son>, and k^pt them in bunds, lie also sent
lome to kHI John, tlie tliird <uil, whose name
was Hytcanii^; but tl>e young iltan perceiving
*'tleY<> JneKphns hecina tq follnw ami to nlftdiiethc
liextsacroil lichrew I ook^ iityli;il, intlie enriof tlieflrsU
booli of Marpiliep«i TAe Cliromclef nf Jaha'f [ili;«a-
"■««'«l»i;f* )iriM«|i)i>i/,buf in»oii'ieoftli«tJre8kTO|iii!a,
t\\Kfiturtlkhi)oi: •',( JHi'"il>"'- A<!rei>kveraion bl tlilH
rlitanlrle \\»* extent iiol very lini',' nco, in the Anyt <>r
Banieiil*ii|iiiinus,an(li<ixiuiiHeHuiisi'<,(itl,yOna,ilbuKh
ilsecmKio l^av* Ih'I''i tl.erblmr ij, ai<d to I'C nowiillcrly
Inst. fee.iSixlii.i i*niien!"lH« ; Touiit ol'lt, of itss^iniiy
Heliraisiiis, niid in iireat iicrwmeni *vill' Joaen^lK'n
aliriditineiiriimiie .\ittl.eMl.\lLT. pa't i. p. i!t,ti,ilir,'.W.
t Hi;ii>ew*teai!»tlial iiillieilayalif|ii»ejpe!leiitl.ivh
priwit, Jo!inllyrciiiii«, ilic ol^-irv'iHon aXlhe.SiibHtic
I year, us Jorte|M<us aii[i|ioKf<l. i«'i|tiireil n r^^st from 'rar,
■ailldtliat of tie "•'rW* »''*»•'* from work; Imean
thiit. nnlCM hi ')'<■ i-iisn of m-rci^ily. wli^a the J^wii were
jibfin coming, h^ ariidfil thv danrrr h^ wit In
IVoiil them, and niade. hasle i«to the rily [Jem-
lalem.l* a* relying on the KMod-witl of the luul-
tiliide, beri^iit* of the iH'nelilt lliry hAd ftiei«e<l
fn>m his father, and iHraiiae of llie haired th«
•am* niultilude bareito I'toleiiiy; so that whfO
Ptolemy was endeavoring tij enter the lify by
another ga|e, thty dr(>ve hnn (iwuy, as having
already adniirted ilyrcanui. ^
i:\\KV. VIII. .
H^rcntmi rtciivtt Ihi lliffh I'ritilHioil,' nnd
ijHliPloUm^ mil n/lht Country. WnfiiicAuf
. makti WamgainMl HfrcaHUt,and aftermatil
makiia l-tagttt uiilKkijn. '
} 1. SoVtolrtny retired, to one of the fortress-,
es that iVas above Jericlio, which was called
Uagnn^ but liyrcnnut having taken the priest-
hoiid that had (lein hit father a lief>)re,and in the
lirst place propitiraled (i<al l!y iinrriAces, he then
made an ex[)idiliiin H>;alniit I'tuhiiiyi and when
he niadii his attacks U|ion tlw pl^ce, in othar
IMiiiit* lie was tixi hard for him, but was rendered
weaker 'thaH }ai, by the commi'<eratitin lie IwhI
for hit mother and brethren, and bjf thai only,
for I'loleiiiy brought them upon the Wall, and
tormented tilt 111 in Jthe sight of «|l, and threat-
eni'd t)iat he would throw them down headlong,
unless iiyn'anus woulil len«e olT the siege. Anil
as he thought, that, ^ far as h« r< taxed as to the,
siege and taking ofth^ plaise, so much faynr
di(rhe show to' lnose_^tbn) wt're dearest to hiin
by iireieiiling their niitery, his leat a W^f, i t wa*
cooled. However; hif mother spreiMBIt her
hhnds, and begged of him that he iMvi ■><>'
grow femias on her account, but indiilsinu. in-
dignation so iiiucti the more; and that net ^niuld
do liis uliiiott to take the ptace.(|uicM|f|fjif order
to get their tiieiiiyunder hia iHiwcr, amftheu to
avenge ufKiii Iiim what he hail tlonc to lliose that
were dearot lo himself; for that death would )>*
lo h<?r Bwi'i I, Ihough with toriiieht, ili^tiat i.iif mr
of ttVcirs might be uroUght tu punishment for hft
'.wicked <h>alin)^ to them. JN'ow, when his mother
'luid no, he resolved to take the fortn'ss iinnie-
iliutely; but when he saw her beateiF' and torn
to pieces, bis courage failed him, and Ke ciuld
not but sympathiie with what ilia niolhti^uirt'red,
and was thereby otcrco'.iie. ,, And as^e siege
was dniivn out into length by thik nieonfi, that
year on which the Jews used to ■'est came on. for
the J«^ws ubnerve this nst evvry seventh \ear,
as ihey do every ■ seventh day ; so tliut I'toli'luy
being tuj this causi- nieaiied' from the yur.l' he
ab^w tlie brethren of llyn-unus, and hisljfenllfcif ;
kni,! when lie':}iad to durie, he (led to Zei|o,'%rho
was called Cotyiais, who whs then the tyrwgjtof
the city of I'hifadelphia. ^
2. Hut Aiitiocbiia being very uneasy at the
miseries that Simon had Drought upon Iiim, he
invade;! Jiidea in. the fourth year of his ruga,
and the firvt year of the principality of llyrct-
OlyupiaiT.)
niis, in the hundred and aixty-sccon.l Olyl
And when he bad burnt the
ilyrcanua in the city,
he shut up
in whirli alone, tliey then allow
he lawful even on tlie KaliSmh-clJ
,! plorea of JosL'pliiis. Aniiq: l>. xil.
rii. i. seei. :i: OftlieWar,!). i.eii.
it must Ic iinl^. tl at ll>is resk Hwiii i
pear; in tlie first Imnk or.Vlaii-al>eca.;(l<a|
direci ronirary : tliuiizti inileoil the Jens,!
An'loil 'W K|iiplnmM,dld not vuiiiiAunoii't
tli('f.iliWllidny,ivcninllicdelen^irt,,^jn;
till I he .\8iiioitean^ or MHcr^liwsdwrei
Mar "I-. II. ; 8— -11 ; Aiilic| h.«tl.eli.vi. sect.'.
J Juse)tl'ut*'*>opie-<. I«ilt (ireek and t.iiiii,
a tosii iiiitiakc, wl ea ' licy Kiy tl,.itiliiH lifit year of
luliii ilyrrmiiii), wliirh w^Jinvo Jusi now sc'eii to liare
liecn ft S.til'<it.rijr>^r,'n:'» lii the KiVil vi;nii|)[ii<l,wti«)rt-
an,!' <viis rncrrrthlii ijin sitoiiiI year orihe llllst. Be*
*
■(■t
,,r
V*
aw ANtlQltlTI>» Olf' Tm; JKWR
rouiul with M>rrn •nmnmmfntt. hul lli.l nnihlnf I lh»y ronl.»ii.tl ■>«ncliitii »iih other m^I*-. iMf
at l.|" li»l. l»r.iM.« .,1 Ihc .(nim^h Ml Or *.»»,, V.inv. n. Kith llmnli *rt with It,, v InfliME. m
■ml h#.iiiirt ..I ihr «iil..r ol lhi-|.r,ifg..lt nt. .I.n.l ,,C lb« „lmi..i,".H iif th« |r.ir..„(„. i,, ,1,,
IboMKli lh*x wrrx tiiiri* in wnnl orwtilir, whiih
)tl Hiry wcrx il«li«»rvil fmm Uy ii liirgr »liow.r
of n<iii, irhuh M\ ul llir •tttiiiK c.l Ihr f'lcin.lf .,•
Iluwr\rr. itl*iiilll,i'iiortli|iiirl of tlic null, »li< rr
U hniiifntril till' iiij All. ii,»,n « lovl tviili ili»
outivhni grntiiKl, llm kinif rmxil n hiiiiilrtil toiV.
•ft of »hrr» (lorirt hi((li. mhl f,Uin\ hoillm of
tulillrra U|iJ>n thiiii, mill tin Uv iiimli' hl< ntliirlii
•»»rv <liiir,h<' cm Hiioulili'irMi'h.ilirniiiul liri(ii<l,
indlonliiifil Ihr inhatiiliuiu nidiiii il m wiihin
• wiilli hill ihV hcii^nl <onlrin"il U. iiuikr fn ■
qurni Hllirt ndt, niiil if Ihr rniiiiy wen- iiol iiny
wh. r« U|mii ih.ii K'">nl, Ihrj fill uimli Ih. iii, niitl
tllil Ihriii H grcHl ilml of iiiiwhiif, iiml irihpy rar-
ccivtil Ihtriii, Ihry Ihiii ri'llrnl iiilii lhi»rily with
•UK. Ilul bft'iiiiHii llyrriiniit iharmiril ihr ii)-
cuiivtitiriic/! of fill Kri'Hl » imnilx-r v( iiiimi In Ihr
«lly, Vhild d<« jirovitioni wire Ihr «o..nrr iiiriil
b]rlhiili,*nily«i, m ii nalanil lomipiHMi.lhniif
([rrat iiiiiiiritfrii illil iiolhiii);, hr »r|Hiriili'fl |li<i ii»r-
■■• |iurl, Hnil r\i|ii(4rihlln "' "'" "I tlir cilv, ami
reluiiwil lltui iiurttiiily **{><• "'•'^jftetjir Hrivrrrnt
fhrlr agr. and lit Kif wiir.' IMMH^nlini'liiiit
wouhl iiul l|;t lliuMi thai wrx|^mKdH^u unui .
, who lh«r«f»M '^"■■''•'''iii^filHlH^Mltirii thi
wall., Hiiil roii«iiiiiiii^ "sSidsHsSiH^''''''' <■><-
icrably; bill -wlu:.!! llii djnH|H^||gbL,<|,,, h„,
■I haiul, Ihofo 1^1 ""'^^'MiiMf'iiiiiKrraUil
ln«ir conuaiun, ami rrrrivVtFimHl) iii aiiuiH.
And whrn llyrcaiiui unit tu Ann^u*. niiildi:-
•b*d liirre iiiif(ht hr a Iriicr for niviu il»v«, Ik-
cauw of lh« fi'dlivul, hr (ravr wiiytu hiit niitv til-
wnrda llod, aiiif iiinde thai IriiVe arcnnliii.„'ly;
•ihI bfiidc that, hr m nl iu u ninKnilHrHl tarri-
tct, bulli with ihrir horiii Kildril.t will| all «(irl»
ofiwirl ipicci, and willi lupn of (c.dd and >ih«r.
So llioM) lliax wrra nl Ihr (julu riiclVrd Ihr n\-
crificra Irojii ihuar Ihiil broiiKhl thnii, and Jul
Iheni to Ihe l«ni|ilr, AiiliochnK in (hrniinn whilr
faaaliiiK hia ariny;>whirh wan a (|uil(i iJillVrriil
coodual from Aiiliorhin Kpi|thiim'<, who, wh.n
be had lakrn Ihr cilv, od'rfi'd atiiiir upon llir
■liar, and tprinkkd Ihr uinpl,, with Ihr bri.lh nf
thrir flmh, in oriirr |o viuUli thV lawn of ihr
Jewj, niid the rrli|fi»ii Ihry (W>rind from ihrin
(orefalhers; for which- rriiHon our nation inadr
war with him, and ivoulU nmr hr rcroiiriliMl lo
<bim; bmfor(hi« Aiitiocho., all niru calird him
AirtiocliMii lire I'lom, for the grral niil h« hail
■bout rrligion.
S- Acconliiigly, Hyrcnnu* look lhi« nioilrration
.of hn kindly i mid when hr iiiidir»l(iod how rdi-
cioua hr waa towarila llie |)cilv, hr anil iin riii-
Bataiigc to bini, ijiiid dcairni that hr wiM|ld r<-
•torr Ihe aeillrincn))i Ihrv ri ccivrd from llirir
/forefjthrra. So h> rrjrrlrij lIui roMnarl 5f tjiow
Ibat would havp him ullrrlv ilrnlrov Iha nation
by reaaonof their way of llviiiR.t which waa lo
othcra unaociablr, and (lit) ii,>l rcgani what Ihry
laitj. But briiiK prrsuadril ihiil all tliry aniil
w»a out of a ri-li|(iuua niiinl, he anawrrrd Ilir
•Dibaasadari, Ihnl if Ihr hrwicn^nl would drlivir
up thrir arnia, and pay tributti lor Joppa, and thr
otbrr cilira whi<-h bordrrcil^upon Jiidr«, anil ad-
mii a (tarr^on of iija; on ihrw Irrni* hr ivoiihl
ini)ke war againal Ihrm no l>ii;,'cr. Hut lljr Jrwi<
■IthouKh thiy wrrrronltnl with Ihrolhrfcoiiili'-
' tioii*, old potap-cr. to admit thf Burriaon/Pi'Cini<r
•Tlila Imllaral aattlnKOftlie rirlaiti!«,or!iRv«n nara,
waalnthedayaof llyrranua niiil Jii»r|iliu»,rnrly In tliu
Kring, ihoiit Faliruarvi lliu lliiio of tlir lalirr rnin in
idru: and'hia. Bofiima I rrmcni'w, latlir only nuiro-
■omlial cliara'rtrr of llnin, la^l.Ira unr rrMnnf aftlir
moon iniiB rcian of ilcrml, il.al we imcui will, hi all
Joaaphua/tlir ^mva li«ini( hula ar^UJrtoinnl lo aalrii-
■oaiKnl o'laervniioiia. any farltirr ilinn for li:e aura
•fllirir rairiidnr, and iiiierly rnrlHrfilm IhOMi uatm
lociral u«:a which Ilia licothrJti roimiiunly inndc af
tUeiu. ■ *•
bim hiotaKra, and fur humlrrd UJri^< of ailvi r.
ol whii h Ihfy |Niiil down ihrrr huiHli^td, and ariM
lh» hualaKra imnirdiaIrK, which I^Jmk Aalhwhul
ncr. oiml, ()nr of ihv|r lioaUKra itna ilvrraniil'n
brolhtrr; but alill hr brokr ilottn^ir toitilicnliiiaa
that riirom|Ki»ril thr ciljj mid U|H>n ihiai coiiiH
liona AnIiiM-hiia lirukr up thr airKr Hiiildriiarli'i.'.
4. Hvt Hyrianua opriird |hr ii)'iiulchri'<of Ua-
«id, who riccllrd all other kix^t in rlrhra, nm*
liM.k out of il thrr* tlMniaand liiknU, Ifr wiii
al»o Ihr liral of the .Irm thnl. rilyiiia oil llm
wciilih, niaiiiialnrd forrinn iroop«. 'iTirre waa
alao n Ulnua of fricndahip and mutnal a>iialaiicii
iliadr briwrrn thrin I npon which llyrramia ail-
millr.l him into Ihr lily, and fiiriii.hi.il him »i(h
what.ornr hi^ arniv wiinlrd in icimil plrnti. ami
with (irrriil crnrrnai'ly, and niarrhnl uIomk hiOi
him whrn Tir niinlr. mt .i xp«ili(|,in aKalii.t Ihr
I'nrthiaii.; nl which >icnhiu«, iH lhiiiiu>cn>, i. h
wilnraa lor ij.; »\;ho in hia hialnry wriira Ihutt
" Whrn Antnichoa had rraclril u (nodn at Ihr
rirrr lyrna, upon hr* >ohiiHr.l of tiidiilia, the
grnrral ol llic I'arthinna, f|» aliiV'il IIk rr IWi.
(Ini». Il waa al thr ilr.irr of II) rciiiina llic .lew,
lirciiii.r il win audi a lr«tiviil drrirril i.i ihrni
from ihrir forrhilhrr*, whrcron ihr liw of lh«
Jena dill nol nlliiw Ihrm tolnjirl." And Iridv lir
did nol .(iriik ful.rlv in aaiillB '"'• f"' '•>"» i'«li'
v»K whidi w« call I'rnirco.i, did ihvn f.dl out lo
hr the iirtt day lo Ihr Sabbnihi nor l< il jawl'al
for ua »o j liiriirj,)! lilhrr on tin Sabli.illi-il'iiy, or.
on a iV.tival-diiv llol whrn Aniiochua joinrd .
bulllrwith Araiii-ra, Ihr kMlR of I'arlliia, tii- l.i>l
a Ifrat uati of hia atni;jr, and Wiiafiinntlf i-liiln;'
ami hia hrollirr Urinetnu. mccridrd in Ihr kinif-
diimof Syiia by the p«Tnii««ion of Araacic, who
friTJl liiiii from hii caplivllv, at the fumr lliia?
that AnilfM'hua allarkrd I'arihia, a» wr have liir-
|iiirj[y riialcd t^lsrwhrrr.
CHAP. IX, ' *
Ifi'ii"! <l^f f*r Pfolh »/ .'l/iliuthnii, Uijrcnmn .
tilailf^fgf, Kr/ifflilion ni^niii»l .S'yrii/, ami juatle
a /.etifriit inlhjht Uimaiia. tiiiutrnhiif th*
Ihitlh of Kinp^tmilriiia und Mijumdtr. '
{ I. Itl'T when llyrcaiioa heard of Ihr death
of'Anlii(C,hua_, he pr'rn iitl\ made an e\|irditiim
atriiin.t thr c'nim of Syri.i', hopiiiij 4i> lind Ihrni
dcalitnir of fiKhliilK liirir, ami of «mii ii. wcri
al'lr 1,1 (IcfemI Ihnii. Ilowrnr, il w.ia nol till
Ihr aiilh* month thai hr to.ik .Mrdjilia, iiiid tlin;
not witlroiil thr ^rral dialrcaaof hia army. Allrr
thia lii-o took Sainrga, _ ami the ini.'jhboriiiir.,^
))hicrai 4irfil bi'<idr» ilirar, Shnlii in add lii-ril-
/iiii, and the niilion of thr rnlhWinx, ivlio dwrlt
at thr Irmpin which Alexiindrr|)rrinillrd .Snn-
hnlhil, Ihr |;rnrrnl of hia niiiiy, to build (or the
aako of Mniiaaach, who wii^ aon-in-law lo Jad-
duii, thr hiRh m><'*<> as wr havr f.^riiirrly nia
led, which trinplu was now deserted two iiun ;
drtd«vrnra n(i*r it waa built, iltrciinu. t.iok
al*o Dora aiid iMiiri.a:i, cllira cf "iduniea, ai«*
aubdurdall llir Idumrana, and pe-nillUil tlie(» '
lo ttav in that Conntrt; if tin v woi'ld ci'rcii in i»a
Ihrir ^enrtala, iind iiiiikr uar of III,- latva of Ilia
.Irwi: and Ihry were io dniroii* c ' Hi iiii? in iha
country of llieir-fprcfathrra, that Ihry ..(ibn.iltid
tDr llud iBi it e ll i 111 l ieie .ilm i l ii aciiaio i u o f fi ll dl t ii ;
tlia horii»>nr tliaaa otfn tliat wrrr 'o Iw aacriftreil; la «■
linoivn lliiiiil holl, \n ii,e piwtji and nrnlnra.
t riili<iir<-oiml ill .loarjiiiua, lliiit life |irc»r'it Aiiiln-liiii
»rn» |iffr«uniM,lliiiijli in vain, not ioni:ikii prn'r >yi:h"
Ihe Ji!W«.|.n' lo nil thrino T iii "Hv, ia fullv i-oii'!i*ir(! .
hvllioduruai<ii'Ulu», ilirtioliiu'«c«triict|iuulufMa::tth
BiKik. ,
II The J.'wa wpn>..iiol to niareli. Or Joiirn^iyvnn Ih* •
,S»h' a'li, or ni aiirli „ grraii feaiivul aa »•• . ri|Hivtflonf
lotlio .^i.hhntli, any f;irlhcr than a .*»* /'* f/«»'j iuar
«(•», or glXl OeuMU tjec Ui> not« on AMlq'b. ik cli
»Tn7i
♦ Thi" ai-c'
" citlon, and III
from tlied.iyi
hii:ury ufleri
Iviv. rh. vli.
h. (v.mIi. iv^ a
uiade thrill i
here and elnr
However .^n
rod yve're dc
•cvcral eeiier
a »u'/..Vir, II.
Driin I'riilenii
nliia, a ::rRini
of ll'A lllllllll
are aurh hy ii
Iduineanswr
. hk'tniiB and i
the JcH'a, ami
into.uncnatic
wcrreiiljcd ,i
I qiioio tiiailM
■>■■■;'■.
: / .
1 -■
I* All
•tininK, in
niln. III iiin
iU» <if •lUi r.
nil, ntifi avni
Aiillw'liut
rr«iiiit'ii
liiililir)i|iiiii<
I Ihi If roiiiH
ml il*|i»riM.'.
It'lirr'nf Un-
rifhf*. itw
l», Itr lliiil
jiliii (III iliii
'lTn-r« win
IftI ll>«l«lHfM*tl
lyrrHiMit ml-
I'll him Hiili
I yifnty. Hint
uluiiK Mllll
At(Hin«t tliK
iiiru>rii<, la H
i*rllr« lliiit:
(i|ili\ lit Ihr
tliiliiii a, Ihn
il ll.i ri' itvii
III* llll' .ll'W,
III t.i llii-m
llW 111' lli«
\ii'l Inilv lilt
>r thiit ti<lt<
II f.ill iiut In
L< il lawlHl
li.illi-iliiy, or.
irliu» jiiilii'il
(Ilia, til' li*l
iii«ll>lrilli;'
in lhi-kin|>-
irmrcc, ivliii
I runic lliiie
yf Imvc liir-
, Hijriiinul :
I, Hiiil Hinile
nirninif llll
tiimiltr.
( Ihf ilrnth
e\(iiHlitiim
> liml lli<:i;i
nil in IVlTi
rt-.u nol till
;i. iiiitl (liiii
irim. A Hit
n<i«hli"riii(i;^^,
iiiiil (ii.rii-
lvlll> (llVt-ll
lillffl Snn-
lilil (or till-
aw lo Jnd-
Mierly nhi
I two liun ^
Olinill (in^
tiinii'a, »t^f
IIK'il |liii» '
• ircii mh»
l«iv» (if llm
I iiiu; ill ifm
lUllli-ittlci
criftrfti; ins'
It Aiilln-liiii_
II pPIKft t/i.!ll*." .'
V roil'!™!-!!
ilul'l(iit'.:4tli
'nn\>oii lh« ■
I Piiuiviflont
' tUy'i jnur
q. h.ijJLCll
«>#.v
)K XlU.-CilAP. X.
M Ika «*• of Hrciinkcirinii, aftl.af lb* rttl of lb*
^ Jitwiih ti»f* of lUtng;* nt wbkh iimr,' Ihcrf-
' for*, tliu Iwli II Ihrui, ib«l Ihojr •«• r« bvmvfur
•u <illl«r lllHM JvMrl.
9. Hut ll)riiiuu«i lb* hiKh iirirtl.wo ili'tlriiiit
to rviww Ili4l ir*||il« (if lnriiil>hi|i llir)' liml with
(h« Koiimii*. At>:un|liiKly, b* ••ill un tiHlma»|i|^i|
, 10 llitmi null wb«« III! •Hint* b*<l Nii'ivifil llicir
n>ial|<t, lliay mail* ■ Uasiin of lri«niUlii|> with
tnr.ii. nil) r lh« timuncr liiiluwing: ■• Kmiiui, lb*
•un itl Muri'u» lh« (inrlur, Knlhi nil llic xnalr
liiKttliir un llu' >l)(blh ifiiy liili^n |li« iilii of
I'vLruiir), in lll<» •iiMlii-hiiiiiii', wlitn l.niluii
MHiiliui, lh« (on uf l.ucliit, of Itin Muntin* Irilir,
■nil Cniii«,Siiit|triinlii« the •on of < 'itiua, of lb>'
KubriimltflrtlMt, wi'ri> |iiiai'iil. TIm nrrunjon wii»,
OiMt tb« ainbukiMiiliira •nit bt lb>' |i<'u|ilr of I bit
J«wi,t Sluiun, tliti auii ol l)nwilliru>, iiii'l A|niI|i>-
•in*. IIk^ •un ul Al>'>i>ii'l«r, ninl DiiuluriK, tbr
win uf JiiKiii, will) Hir« K'X") uml tirluoiit iiU'Ri
hnil •i>iii<»iiiil l» |irii|iiiiu' alxiul llml IsHKUii ul
frit'iiiUlii)! null iiiuluki daiii>laiii:K whii'b •u&<ial<:>l
b< Iwri'ii' till HI (llll the Idnniina, mill iiliout odiir
Euliln^ ulliilrii, wbii ilvaimi lliiit Jo|t|iii, Hml llnv
•VL'nit, iinil liniurHi nn I ibr >|irlntfii Idf J»r<liin, [
ud tha KTrrat nthrr ciiim anil mqntFiii* ot
titairt. wliirli AnliiM'bu* buil lakrn fiuin iluiii in
tlie war. I'mitinry lu Ibti iliin (4 of Ibr at inili ,
mliclil !»' n^Kiruil lo tlii<in; au)l Ibiil il niiubl nut
bn lawful till' tlii' 'kinx'i li'uii|n<4ii |iiiaNi lliriiiiKli
llit'lr I'liiititiv, iiiul (bt! rHiiiiirJo of lhi»i' iIihI
. arc lulijAi I lui (lii'iii. Anil llivl ivbut ulli'iii|i»4
AutUx'hila liiiil niaili! iliirin;{ Ibul war, witliiiul
tbiiiUir^'u uf lli« Miiialti, iiilghl b« iiiiitiv vuldi
ami Ibat lliry would atnii ainbnmiaiUtra, wbo
•huubl tuki! i':irc tbol rt"<til itlaH bn mnilt' llitiii
of tthHt Anllorbna bail tiuxti lioni llii in, niiil
Ibat llll'/ tliDulil iiiiikf an i.liinalY uf tin' rutui-
ity Ibat bail birn liiiil waolii lu tlie Kiir, iiml ibiil
tbi') Woi^lil yiniil Ihini litttri' if prulnliuli to
Ibv kii)e), niul free |iro|i|i-, jiiiii'ili'.r lo lbtu'i|uli t
r^liirniiiniir. Il nua, llurifori', ilrrri'^ilf nn to
^tnonr |Kjilil<, lo I't'ni'W lloir li'dKUi' of iVidi' ' |i
anil ninlual »»>imuin'i' w'itb ibrw |;iioil iiiuii, mnl
w|)i» W( rf m III III i> K"iiil umi 11 frn n.Mj |mi)|iIi ."
Hill lliul u'l lo fill' billiia ili'Hiii'il, tbi Ir uniwir
wua, Ibnt Ibn aiH.ilK uiiiilil coniinll itliuut Ibiil
niatltr, uhi'ii Ibiirown nlliiira W'lilil kiVi' ibiin
leave, anil tliul Ibry woulil I'MiliHvur, fitp tbc
(iinr lo I'uiHi', I bill no llkv injury niinulil lii' iliiiio
Ibeiu; mill ibut ibiir iiru-lop, Kaniuii ahunltl |;ivii
tbenl nmuKy uiK uf Ihr |iulilir. tri'aaury to bear
tbcir <'X|iy»i » liunii'. Ami tbiia iliil.Kunjna dja-
niiaa^be 'i.>vi'<li uin'iHx.iiiora, mid ^^iivv Ibi'in
uioiiay out uf Ibc (iiiblir Iriaaury, and |;ii\e llir
ilrcri'V ol Ibc arnulu to lliba« Ibal wi rr lu run-
UucIIId'Iu, and take ram Ibat tbry anuubl return
' home ill iinfi'ly.
> <3. And Ibua itond the nfTiiirt nf llyrcnnii* t)i€
bigb prrci'l.. ftul iia fur kint; lli'nirlriii'i, tvliu bnd
a rtiiiid tnliiiiiki^ \v:ir U|;Hlii>ir llucniiiii, Ihrrt'
waa no u|>|iiirlunity nor ruoni for it, wbilr Inilb
* Tbia lA'rnunt of Ihi' libiini'nna iHWrilifs rlrriim-
cltlun, ami llir nnlirr JoivIhIi Ihu', IfTbii ililn iiiiiii, or
from llii'il.iya arilyri'»nii>i,iaruiiliriifi'il !•>■ I!.«it imiirn
hii:ury ulti'rniiril. ffv ,\iilli|. Ii. >i\r. rli. viii. iM'i 1. I ;
•viy.rli. vlt. W'll.tl: ofllii' Wiir, h. "li. rli. hi. «<!i I. I;
b. Iv,>rli. iv^W'l..^. 'I'lihi, ii> llicuiiiiiiiiu of Jira'plnla,
uiailu Ihciii iiriwclvlra of b"*'i'''', "t I'liilti' juuiii n«
licri- ami t'li«!« lu'fi', Antn|.li, viv. rtiii|>. viil. aiii. I,
Ho>vi'tfi;r Aiitiuumia, tlic ciiHiiy uf lli'ruit, II oiiiili Hi'-
rod ware ilurivnd from aiii'ti n |irii>'i'iyli' uf jjipiirc for '
acvcriil eriierattuiis, tyill iillotv niiii to I'c no iiivrntliiin
a Au'/.'Vir, II. xW. I'll. XV. W't. '<, lliil alilt Ink* tiul or<-
I)pan I'Tiilnnui, hi tlio yrnr I».'!i,llii' wor.la of Amiiiu
aliia, n::rauiHim'lnn, whirli fuliy lonDriiiH linaam^uiit
of il'A liliinii'UiiH in Joii<<|iliiiii: "Tl.i' Ji'VVd (aityia liu)
are aurh liy iiiiliiff. aii^Truin Ibi'.l'O-iiiinlh!!. wliiialttin '
IduiHi'unswprK not Jrwa from till' louiiViiiii;;, hut I'lia- !
hU'tniia anil HyrbiiiH; liiit *. clni'iiOiTwafiLautidticd liy !
•lie Ji'H'4, iiiiili'om|i(.ll(/il to III- rlrriiiiii-irt'il.iiixftnunitf
biUi.uni! notion, iiml t'C siitifprt lotliYaiiiiii' hi«a, lli(>y
wcriM'iilJcd ,1'iri." l)io irMiiAyii, nii iliV Ih'ini there ,
qiiotc filni frnin lluok «xivl. ii. :t7: "'I'lml I'liuntrwia
tha ftyriana and tha tuldiart j
barauav h« waa nn ill man.
M«t ainliaaaadora In I'l ibiny,
I'hyai'im, Ibal b> would aatlal
family ol Stlrui'ua, in onlir to ta
■Hit hK had lani llxni Alrtamli 1
/cliina nilb an army, and lliiin ii|
bvlwrrn llirm. Dnniolriua a«..
Il|rhl umt ll«d tn t'UoMitni bi.
iiiaia, but hia wilai wuubl nut rri'<>itr
want ibfni'a In 'Ijrr, and waa Iha-rt'i .111^
wb«n ba had auffrnid iuui.h fruoi bia riirmiA
bt'liirn hia ilralb, hr waa alain b) ibitiit. Mo
Aktaildrr tuuk lb« kingdom, and niaila a IraKu*
wilb llyrcanua. wlxi \rt. wliim fir alltrniird
luUKbl Milb AnIioi biialhr aon of IhiiMlriua, what
wnaiallati (ir>|)ua. wai alao iMaiin in lb« liKhl,
and alaiii,
fllAI'. X.
Iluif, tipim Iht ffnarrtl h^lienn Jl.iliothui iir^
fiaiand .Inliurhitt CytiriMin.ittnul Ihi. Kitig-
dim, llfirtunnt li/uk .Vaiwiirin, iimi iillirtif iKfa
^iull$kiilili and hum lliircuHui.iuiHfJ hii/m^
lu Iht Strl ijf Iht .SaJiliiitcs, liitU Irfl Ihal of
the fkariun^
} I. VV'lli:!* Aniiiirhua bad lakinllirkliigdiiin,
III' wua afraid In mak« w.ir airilii.i Judia, Ih'-
■'aliati be brard that bia lirnllicr. lit Ibi- aaina
niiMliPT, wbo HHa aUu rulbd Anliiirbna, w««
ri»»ain;( an army uKuiiiat hini out uf ryticuiii; av
\\* atiiiil in bia own tnml, uiid ra aotvrii lo iiri"
iHira' bimailf lor Ibf n)liiik In- a;»|M'tlfil froiii liit
lipuiba-r, who WM calird ('ynii-rnua, b«'iiu»« b«
bud fii'fil bruUKhl np in tbiil nit, lli. waa iho
•on of Anlloibua that niii I'alla'd Solir, wb» dl«i4
ill I'.irfliiu. Ill: waa lliar hr .ibfr ol Hi'hk triua,
till- f,iiliir of lirt|iua, fur 11 hiid ao liii|i|»'iud,
Ibiil UIK' ami Ibi- aiiiiM' ('bo|ialr>i wiia nmrnrd in
two, wbii wrrn brilbtin. aa wii bnva; ra lalml
• Ucwbfri'. But Antioi'hua (')ii<'iniia romiiiK
into S^rla, iioiitinurd iiiuii) tiara at aaar with
bia liiotba-r. ^i•w llyrranua liml nil ibia wbilr
in iK'iici'; fur nll.r Iba'dralb of Antiiichua, br rcr
mltid frimi llie Mai-cdoniana,! nor did iif nnv
jiiuijcr pay Ihi in the liiHti ra-ennl, tilhfr aa llirfr
auliji'i'l ur tbiir frianil, but lua a/laira wiri'ina
vi-ry iiupriitini; uml lliiiiriahioifcoiidilioit in tin.
liniii ol All tunilir /abinn, and rapcriallv under
ihiiK! bii'ibrin, tor flic war Hliii'b lb.') biitl with
ua ■
ipi
one iinullia-r %n\i>. Il^ri-miua lb' tipportunity of
If in Judiu ipiii'lUi inaonimh that
enjuviiK '■■■naal
be ijul un tiunienar i|uan|ily of nioniy. lluW'-
ever, when Antlolbua I'y/ii'euua dialreaaed bit
Innd, he then ii|Miily abimeil wbal bo nieiiut.
Airil when be aaw Ibat Anliuihiia waa ilealiluto
if Ki;ypti»n niinilinriea, uibl lhal bulb be and hia
'other
■J.,w« ...... .1...., .IMMW ...... .. ... ... . . ..... . ...llll. T» .0
callcii Jfd€a, ami ilio projile JiKs.auA tbia name la
iH-otlier were in nn ill cuinliliun In the alriiKKlci
lltay bad with one nnolher, be di auiaeil iheni both.
•i. S.) be iiiiidr un enpeilili.ui ii({.iinal tianiBiia,
wbirb waa a Very •Iroiiu city; of wlioae praaent
nuine Sebuali'i and il» rebu'iMiii;; by llerod, we
liven niao 10 na iminy ptiirrana i'<ii!ifn>^ their ri'lidnn,
llioniihiif oilier iiiiiiona." lint il.uo u|k>u wlinl foun-
dmio.i ao liiHiil II Kotirnur na llyn aniia linjk ii|i»ii hhn
turvm/>r( llioaejilumenna either lu hi'ronu' Jewa.urlo
ten VI! Ilieii rouiilry.aliaervea (treui roiiaiihri.lion. I
»U|iJKHe il una Iwauae lliey mnl iuii.r into I ecu drVveii
out of ilie.hiiid or Kilom.niid Imd »i i/.eil on* uml im^
aeaae.lthetrileoi .xiiiie.iii.hiidalltl.'wMitliem iKirlaof
|liv trila' uf JuilUli, wHirli \tna lie iH^iullur iiiheri.
t.iiiCL' of the «o;alil|ijier« of ili* irui! liuil hiiIpuiiI tilula-
tryiiintlm remlir niny liarii tViuii llilanil. I'ulealiiic,
pnrt I. IK t'ji, ;m:t; and fioin rri<Xi.i,iiit, .'it il.i! yeuia Hd
lind lli.l. . ; \
tin IIHailerren of till! lluirtiin\i'iiiito, It aiTmalhal
llieix.. i.mlinra.ilura were arni ftuiil^ilie /teupJt of^lkt .
./fir t, aaw ell «a from tU'ir /irmri or^ijili iirit§l, Jtktt
UyrrntntM. . \
J lli'au rriiltmnt Inkea uotire at ili^venr iro, that
_Juallii.,luu(!r<>eiiiiiil Willi Jiiaephia*, a lU, •' TI.e power
of Ihi! Je\m. W!ia now urotvn ao ijr.'af, ilinl iilierlhia
Autiui'lina Iliey would not iH'nr nnv .Maerrtonlan kini
""jf. Ilitilh. liiiil tint lliry ait up n u'oyeriiiultiu uf thaif
owii, and iufiiiicaHyrlaWUItiireut wart" ^
\ •
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MIOOCOPV RKOUITION TBT CHAIT
(ANJI and ISO TEST CHAM'V, 2)
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J /APPLIED livHfeE tne
K 1653 EosI l*ii> StrMl ■ .' (t.
^a RochMttr, Hn rork MM* OSA ■*'
B (716) 482-0300 - PhM.^
B (716) 288 -5989 -Fox
m
270
ANTIQUITIES OF TUB JEWS.
•hull tpvnk lit » pi'opitr time: hut ho iiudc hit
attack uf^Hinut it, ami beaic^lU it with a K^rat
>li-ul of |iiiinii,Tor h« wnt p;rt'iitly <li9|j|i^ui-il will)
the Saiiiiiril^iiii) fur the iiijuritA the}' hml itonc tn
thv ticiiplr u( iMi'riMii, a coUmv ol tlii- Ji^wi, ui»l
cuiiit'dt^riite with Ihtiu, aiiU iUU in i;uiii|iliiim'c to
Ihu kiiij;* uf Syria. VVIieii he hail ili<?rtT»re
JniMn a ilitt'h, iMxl built a ilnulilv Moll rouii'l tli«
:;it)-, which W8» fourscore furliiiiK» long, he net
hilt »iin!i Anti|40uu» and Ari»tol>iiIu> over the
tit'ge. which brouKht the Samaritan* to that
great diatreta by taiiiiuc, that they were forced
to ent what uiir'd not to br eaten, and lu call for
Antiocliun (.'yiiciiiut to liclii Ih^ni, who came
readily to tlieir OBniatunre, uul wu« beaten by
ArislobuhiK, and <t'heu he wua, pursued ua far as
Scythopolia liy the two brethren, he cot away.
So *they reliirni;d to SnniariH, and hhut theui
again witliin the wall, till they were forcej to
•end for tliu iin<iV( Antiochus a ^second time to
help them, who procured ulmut nix thou|iand men
from I'tolemy l.nthvruH, which were sent them
without hUwother'a consent, who had then in a
niulner turned hint out of his ({overuiiient. With
theae EKypti#n9 Antiocbusi diti at first overrun
and ravage the coiintry of llyicunu* after the
niannerof a robber, for he durs| not meet him in
the face to fight with him, ainot liavinf; wii«rniy
nulHoient for that purpose, but only from tins
tuppoaaJ, tliiit by thus harattin); hi» land he
sliould force' II) rcanuH to raiae the siege of Sa-
laaria; but becaune he ftll into •■■"■'n' ^"'1 )""'
many of his soldiers therein, hcwenl away to
Tripoli, and committed the proseculiuiioflhe war
Bgviust the Jewa (o (,'alliniandc'r and Kiiicrates.
3. Km iu to Callimander, heiittackeil the yne-
liiv too rashly, and was put tolliybt and destroy-
eil iiiiini'diately ; and as 4o Kpicrates, he was
such u lover a( money, that he.opi:nly betrayed
Scythopolis, aiid other places near it, to the
Jews, but was not able to make them raise the
siegfcof Samaria. And whin Hyrciinii* had ta-
ke^Tl^city, which was not Oonc tilt alltr a
■viarapTjege, he was not contented wilK doing
tlistt «)nly,. but he ^lemolished it entirely, and
brought rivulets to it to drown it, forhe<iu;; such
hollows as might let tlie water run Undrr it; nay,
he took away the very murks that there had
ever been such .a city there. Now a very surpri-
sing thing is related ofthis higli uriest Hy realms,
how God came to discourse witli him; for they
say, that on the very same day on which his sous
fought witii Antiochus Cyziceiius, he was alone
in the temple, as high priest, ofl'ering incense,
aud heard a voice, that "his sons had Just then
overcome Antiochus." Antl this he openly de-
clared before all the multitude upuii his coming
out of the temple; and it accordingly proved
true: and in this posture were the aflairs of
llyrcaiius.
4. Now it happened at this time, that not only
those Jews who were at Jerusalem and in Judeu
were in prosperity, hut also those of tiiem that
were at Alexandria, and in Kgypt. and Cyprus,
for Cleopatra the queen was at variance with her
son I'tolemy, who wag callei| Lathyrus,>and ap-
pointed for her generals Chelcias, and Aiianius,
the sons of that Oiiias who buill the teinide '
intnlnteil these men with herirniy; anil did nothin|;
without their advice, as Stralio of Cjppadnciu
attests, when he iiaitii thus, "Mow ihi |>riater
part, l)oth those tijat came to CypniH with ui,
luid those that tvere seut afterward tliithir, re-
volted to I'tolemy iniiiiediatrjy ; only tliosi^ ihut
wrut/alled Unias's party, being Jews, continued
faiffrtui, becnute thi ir countr«ntcii ('hel' ias and
Anouias were in chief favor with the i|ueeu."
ThWe are the wordj of Strabo.
5. However, this prosperous state of aflairs
moved the Jews to envy llyrcanus, but they
that %vere the worst (lis|iosca to him vere the
I'harisees,* who were one of the sects of the
Jews, as we have informed you already. These
have so great a power over the multitude, that;
when they say any thing against the king, or
against the high priest','|liey are presently be-
lieved. Now Tlyrcanus was a disciple of theirs
and greatly beloved by them. And when he.
olice invited them to a feast, and entertained
them very kindly, when he saw them in a gooil
humor, fie began to say to them, that " They
knew he was desirous to be a righteous man, and
tn do all things, whereby be might please God,
which was the profession of the Fharisees also.
Hoirever, he desired, if tliey observed him of-
fending in any point, and EBing out of the right
way, they wouhl call biiuTJack and correct him."
On' which occasion they attested t<f his being en-
tirely virtuousi with which commcmlation he
was well pleased. I)ut still there was one of his
guests there, wliptc iiiime was Kleiizar.f a man
(if an ill temper, ami didighting in seditious prac-
tices. This man said, "Since thou desirest to
knutv the truth, if thou wilt be righteous in car-
nest, lay down the high priesthood, and content
thyself with the civil governmtrtt of the people. °
And when he desired to know for what cause he
ought to lay down tin;, high priesthood, the other
replied, " vV'e Iwve I > ird it from old men, that
tliy mother had.been a ca|)tive under the r> igii
of Antiochus* Kpiphancs." 'Fliis story was false,
and llyrcanus was provoked against him; and
all the Fharisees bud a very great, indignatioB
against him. .
6. Now there was one Jonatha'n, a very great
friend of Hyrcanus, but of the sect of the Sad-
ducces,whose notions are quite contrary to those
of the I'liorisees.* He told HyrcnnuSi that "Ele^
azar had cast such a reproach upon hini, accord-
ing to the common sentiniehts of all the Phari-
sees, and that this would be made manifest, if be
would but Bsk them the question, what puhish-
nient they thought this man deserved? tor that,
he might depend upon it, that the reproach
was not laid on him with their approbation," if
they were for punishing him as liis crime de-
served." So the I'harisees made answer, that
"lie deserved stripes and bonds, but that it did
not seem right to ouuish rcproaphes with d4|yi."
And indeed the Pharisees, even upon otheroc-
casions, are not apt to be severe il> punisluuents.
At this gentle sentence, llyrcanus was very
angry, aud thought that this man reproached
him fay their approbation. It was this Jonathan
who chielly irritated hiin, and influenced him so
far, that he uiade hiiii leave the party of the
kaleiii, as we have elsewhere related, ('leopatra
* The original of the Baddiirces, ns a ronsiderable
party anion; the Jews, Icine romniiicil in.tliis and llio
(wofollowiMi;B(i('lions,takei)<^ani*rideaux'8 note upon
IhiB their first pul'lir apiiearanre, wliii^li I suppose to lie
true: " llyrrHnus."sa>8he, "went over.to the part); of
the Badiliicers, that is, by cmhraciii!; their doctrine
aitainst the traditions of tlic ciders, addrdlu the written
. law, and made of equal authority witli it, l>ut not tlieir
;8ortrhie aoaiiist Ilic rtsurrtction and a fuluro slate, for
llifarannot lie supposed of ko good and righteous n man
■B Jphn Hyrrniius is said to lie. It is most pruhahle,
that at tliia time the Siidiliirres had poiic no farther ill
the prel'ecture of Heliopolis, like to that ol^ Jeru- Pharisees, and abolish the decrees they had im-
part,
they I
posed on the people, arid punish lltose|,thait observed
traditions, which tlie riinriseeswero so fo<td of; for Jo
scpliiiti nicntiuiis itr qfhcr durerenrc at this tunc be-
tween tlicni ; neither docs lie say that Uyrranus went
over tn the ^adiltlrees in anyother partiriiiar than in the
aliolisliini; of all the traditionary ronstltutions of the
riinriseca, vvliirh our Saviour condemned as we" aa
they." [AltheyeMrlOt'.)
t Tills slander, that arose from a Phnrisie, has been
preserved by their successors tTic llabbins lo these lat-
ter aces ; for Dr. Hudson assures us, that David tiantz,
in his chrunoloey, i>'. Pr. p. TT, In Vorstius's version.
relfllea that llyrrnnns's motlier was taken captive In
ihedoctriuesoftha>iectthan to deny all their unwritten Mount Modiitli. Sec ch. xiii. seer, i
that s et I
m-
r
BOOK XIII.-CHAP. XI.
tni
ihcni.. FroM ttiia lource aroic that hntrnl wliirli
He iiml lii> toiiH iiii't with froiiitliriiiiiltitiKli'; Init
jI thett! iiiHtlr.ia we ^Imll ii|i<'nk lurriiftrr. Wiuit
I wuulil i|ow i'X|)liilii ii (liiii, thiit tli« l'liiiri«<-< •
h(v« (It'liy^itred tii the |>r<ij[>le a kdhI iiiiiny oh-
lervaiiri'S hv tiii'ccaiiiuii rrOiii Ihcir iHthcri, Which
lire iKil writtt'ii in the luivnofMuiic'si; ahcl torthiU
rinsuii it \* ihiit thi' SnililuiM'ii* rt'jerl lliriii, unci
«ay, that Wf arc tii mtFCiii thpte ohjcrvanct n to
be dhngalury nhii'h ur<! in i\\r, written wiinl, hut
arc not ti>i>l)>crvi- what lire ihriveil from the tra-
dition of ijur forefathers. Anil i'onierniii|!; tliewt
.thing! it it Ihal'^reut irinpntc'* ami. •liHerrnctn
have Hrim n anionj; tliem, while the Saddueeei
4re alile to prr^nuile none hut the rleh,iinil hnve
oot the pi>|iulare uliKeqnioua In lliein, lint the
{'harinee* have, the niullilnde on their tide. Hut
ahoiit theiie Ivvo «eClii, anil that of the KuMiie!), I
have treated arcnrately i|i the secuiui book of
Jewish nllaini.,
7: liutwhen llyrraniK had put an end to thin
sedition, he after that lived happily, and iidniihi«-
tereil thn ((""''■'»■"<'■>' J» 'he best manner for thir-
ty-one yearn, and then died ;* leaving behind him
hve «onK. Me was c»^eenn'<l by God w.irthy of
the three greateft |>rivile(fe!i, the (jovernnient of
his nation, the rtignity of lluvliigh priesthood,
and prophecy^for tiod was with hini.andenahled
him tO'know futuritiet; and to foretell x\\\* in
particular, that as tn his two • IdeHt sions, he
.ibretold that they would not long eonlinu)^ in the
Kuvernnient of p'ublir affuin: whose imhappy ra-
tastrpphe will l>): worth our tleseription, that
we may thence learn how very much ihey Were
iiifeFior to their father's happiness.
, CIIAI*. XI.
HoMJIriil<ilniliifftt>henhehadtaken the (Govern-
ment, ji ril iifalt pill a Diadem on hii HeaJ,und
was most barbnriiuahj cruel In Iii3 Mother and
. his lirctiiren; and /tiiii), after he had slain jlnti-
t;onus,lm himself died.
} I.Mow when their father Hyrranns was
(lead, the eld(>st son, Arintohulie*, iiitciiding to
change the guvernn^nt into a kin;rdoni^ (or so
he resolved to do, lirst of all put a (iiadelti on his
head, four hundred eighty uiid one yeari and
three months after the |H'ople hail been delivered
froin the Babylon|sh flaverv, and were returned
to -their own coiinTry again. Thi:* Aristubuiiis
loved his nfM brother AntigOnuii, and treated
him as his equal, hut the others he held in bonds.
He al«o cast his niothtr Into prison, because she
disputed the goverhhient with hiiii, for Hyrea-
nus had left her to be mistress of all. He also
fjroecedeifto that degree of barbarity, us to kill
icr in prison with hunger; nay, he was alienated
from his brother Antigunus bv oalunniies, and
.added him to the rest whom Tie Slew; yet he
seemed to have an afTeclioii for him, and iiiadc
biin above the rest a -partner with him in the
kingiloni. Those calumnies he at first did not
give credit to, partly because he luved him, and
* Here ends tlic high priestliondand the lifu of tliia ex-
rellent p<>r8nn. Jolin Hvrranii^and locclliFrwiUiliiin
llie lioly thforrtirii, ortliBiiie gnrcrnmrni of the Jew Ish
iialinn, and its riihcoinitimt oracle iiy"t;rii». Now fol-
kiws tiro prniiine and tyrannirnl Jewish monnrcAt). first
!Jf the Asinoiie;insor Marouhee.i, and then of llerml the
Creut, tlic Idiinican. till ■!« romhis of the Messiaii.
See the note un Aaiici. h. iii. rh. viii. scrt. 9, llenr
l^tralio*s tcstfniony oii this ocrasion, tt. xvi. pn7C*r>1,
702; ** Those," saysl.e, " that siicreeded Sloses, ron-
ti)iii<;d for some lime i!| earnest, I olh in riiihtcous iir-
tionsaiid in pii>ty;liui after a'wlijie, there wereolliera
that look u|ion lliem lie iiiu'li pricsthooil; at flrsl sii|utr-
•titioiis and nfleriyanl tyr;iniiiral persons. Sui-li a
' prophet wi'S Moses, tihil those thai snereeded hiin, he-
ginning in a vyav nol to het>laiiied, hut elian|!in<i fortius
-worse. And when it openly appeared lli;ii the coverii-
ment w.->»lceoinetvranniral, Aleiriinder was the llriit
— that s etupl i iniscif fora hingin a 'e a dof n pr ii's l ;and h ig
sn„did nol give heed to what was said against
him, »i)d partly bei-uiiie he thought tlie re-
pronchet Wi re derived from the envy of the re-
lalera. lint when Antigoiius was once returne«l
from. tht^ army, and that feast wa« tli< n at hnnii
when they maile labernailis to | the honor of]
(iod, it happened that ATislobidns was fallen
sick, and that Aniiguniis went up nio^t splendid-
ly adorned.'and wilh his soldiers about him in
their arnior, to 4he leinjUe, to relebrule the ,'
feast, and to put up many prayecs fur the recovery
of his brother, when some wiekeil person>, who
had a great mind to raise a diirerenee beinetfn
the brelbien, made use of this oppiirlunily of the
pompous appearance id' Antigunus, anil of tlia ..if^
great actions which he had done, and went to
the king, and spitefully aggravated the iiiunpoiis
show 01 his at the feast, and prelehilcd that all
these circunistuncea were not like those of n
P."
vate |ierson^ that these actions Were i
ndicu
tiiins of nn alh'Ction of royitl authority ; and that
his coming With a strong body, of men must be
with an intention to kill hiiii;. and thai his way or
reasoning was this, that it was a silly thing in
him, while it was iif his power lit reigp himself,
to look upon it as a great fnvur that he wut
honored with a lower dignity by his brother.
3. Aristobulus yielden to the^e iiniiulutiunii
but took care both that his brolliir should not
suspect him, and that he hinistif might not ran .
the haz.ird of his own safely ; so he orde^d hil
Xuai'ds to lie in a certain place that was nndeC,-.
ground, and dark, (he himself then lying sick in
the tower which was called Antonia,) and ha
commanded them, that incase Anligonuscnme in
to him unurnied, they should not touch any body,
but if armeil, they shonid kill him; yet did, he.
send to Antigonus, and desired that he would
come uhariiied ; but the queen, iind those that
joined wilh her in the plot against Aniigonus.
persuaded the messengers to tell liini the direct
contrary : how his brotlier had heard that he had
made himself n fine ffuit of armor for war, and
desiced hhii to come to him in that armor, t||i^lkp
might sec how tine it was. .So Anligon^|jiwi?
pertiiig no treachery, butdepending on tJIKjg;«(H-
will ot hjs brother, came to Aristobuhlll^meiei.,
as he used tube, with his entire armor, m ortfcf '
•to show it to him ; but when he was coinfe to n place
which was called Strato's Tower, wherAthe pai-
sage happened to be excel ding dark, the guards
slew him; which death uf his demonstrates that
nolhing is stronger than envy and calumny, and
that nothing does more certainly divide the good
will and natural alt'ections of men than those pas-
sions. Kutherc one may lake occasion to wonder
at one Judas, who was of the sect of the Kssenei,
and who never missed the truth in hit predictions,
for this man, when he saw Antigonus passing
by the temple, cried nut 4o his companions and .,
friends, who abode with hhn as his scholars, in
order to learn the art of foretelling things to
coiiie.t "That it was good for him to die now,
jiince he Inid spoken falsely about Antigonus,
first kini; Aristohuliia, whose reicn hcing hut a ainple
year, seeins hardly In have roine to hiSiknowtedgc. %or
Indeed does Arisiuhiilus, the son of \lexander, pretend
tlintthn name of tim'Waslukcn before hiv father Alex-
ander look it himself. Aniiq. h. xiv.rh.iii.scrt.3. Hce
aisorii. xii.ieet. I, which faviiri^Irahoalsa. And indeed,
if we may jiulaefrom ihe very dilferent rharurtcrs of
the Ki'.vptian Jews under hifth prasls, :ind of the I'alea- '
tilie Jews under kinss, in Ihelwo iiexl renturiesiwe ma jr
well suppose, the divine Shechimik was removed tnio
E^'vpt.and tliat the worshippersul the temple of Oni.-i»
wercletler men than those at Iheli'inple of Jerusalem. _
t Ileiire wc learn. Hint the Kssenes pretended to have
rules whcrchy men inishtlorciell things to ronic, and
Hint tl.is Jndas the Es«enc lainrhl those rules lo Ida
scholars, hut njielher their prelenrcs were of an astro-
ln!;i'-al or magical iiatnre. w-'icll yet in surli reliu'loua
Jews, who were ullerly I'orhidden siirb arts, is noway
p r ol i nhle, or lo any Hath Co l . s poken of hy t lie Intt o t
w
•onswcrallyrcnnnsnnd Ari'tohulns." All in nitrceinent
with Joifeplius, circpting this, that tStral'O ooiits the
/ ^«
Itn'iliins, or ojltcrwiso, f rnnnottetl.
b. ii,<h. viitiiuct. I'J.
T 2
SccOrtho War.
ANTIQUITIES OF 'TUE JEW8.
wild ia •till :»livf., mill I •«« hiiii nasniii* by,
iilllii)iii;lilir liiiU iiirtlold that lie khoulil (li<:uMlie
liluie iiilWul StrHlo't 'l"o»v«r, lliiit very <loy,
wliiltf y< t the plure In nix biimlriil t'lirloii);* ull.
wlirrxlie liuil fiirclnlil liii aIiuuUI lie ^hiiii; wnil
ttill thia clay h k great (mrt of it Hlrrmly puit, tu
lliat lie wa» iiidauevrol pioyiiigHluUn |'r<i|jli<'l."
i\» lie WH» nHyiii); thin, aiid tlmt ill ii iiu lHiiciiu|y
iiiuwl, the pcHn cniiiu tliwt Aiitl^oiiiis wa» aliiiu
in a plncii undtT ground, wliicli iIjbIi' wa« iibIIhI
alio Strmo> Tower, or of the mine nniiic with
tli«lCV«iH»'»,-»vliieh is neirfed iil the «!«. Thin
evi'ut lint thr |iro|)hrl into » great diforder. . -
;l. llut ArinlobuluK repented iimneUiali-ly <5(
lliin uliiiiKliler of lii^ brollu r, on ivliich iiccouiH
hiK (liaeiiM: increased iipoii liiiii, and he waa dis-
turbed ill lii» mind, upon tlie guilt of tuch wick-
iiliK.'M.Jnaoinurli Unit bit enlraiU were rorrupt-
ed by hw intolrriildo pani, and lie vomited blood;
kt ivliicli liiiie one of the eirvunli that allrnded
uiion liiiii, and wn« clirryiiig bi« iilobd away, did.
by iJiviiie i'rovidence, a* I niimol but luppoae,
•lip dowii and «hed part of bin btuod ut-^hc very
uliici- where there were §|>ot» of iVntlgoims'it blood
fhere ulain, iitill remainin!;-, and wlien Ihere wa«
■ cry iimde *>y the speclalors, as ilT the aerMint
llud on piirpo^ieKlied the blood on (hut place, Ari«-
lubulua liiard it, and iiii|uired what the iiiutlir
. was? And ii» they did not miswer hiiii, he wiia
(lie more canient to know, what t( wiMi.il beiii^;
Dulural to men to auspcci that what i» tlfus coii-
'. Ccjilcd is very bad; so upon his threatening, uimI
forcini^ thtiii by terrors to speak, they at liiiglli
told hiin the truth; tirJjereupon he abed- many
tears, ill thiit diitordcr of mind which arose from
bis conaciouaneait iif wluit he had done, and );av<'
. .» diiep groaU, and said, ''1 am not tlierelore,
I perceive, to be concealed from < '.oil , in the ini-
uiouH and horrid rrinies I have iMeii guilty of,
gbut a sudden puniahnlent is coming upon me (br.
the' sliedding the blood of iny .,ri lationa. AiiM
now, O thou most iiii|)rudent boily of niine, how
lung wilt thou, retain a soul that ought to die, in
order to ajiiieiise the ghosts of my brother and
my niotherf Why dost thou notJgive:it all up at
oiiue? And whv do I deliver up my blood drop
by drop, to tfioae whom 1 have so wickedly
niurdeied7" In saying wlfjch last woriU, hejljed,
having reigned a year. He wan called a lover ol
the Oretians, find IukI conferred nisny biMielll*
on his own countiy, and made war u(jainst Itii-
rea, and audeii a great part of it to JiHi<a, aiijl
compellid the inhabitants, if they- would eqjili-
nue in that lountiy, to be eirculiiciscd, awl (o
^ive aecording to tlie Jew inh laws. He was i(a-
turully a man of i-andor, and of great niodesty,
as Strabo bears witness, in the name of Timar
genes; who says thus: "This man «*as a pernoB
. of candor, ami' vrry serviceable to the Jews, for
he added a I'ounlr) to them, and obtained a part
of the nation of (he Kuieans for them, and IiouikI
tli^ni to them by the bond of the eircnini.'i!>ioii6f
their genitals."'
. CHAR XII.
How AUkqnder, when he had laktn Ihe Oovcni-
mtnt^mudc an Expedition against I'loletiiais,
vul then raised the Siepe onl if frar 4 fPluUmil
Lathyrus; and hoiti Ptolemy made War against
him,heca>ist he had seiit to Clenpaira to ptr-
suade her tn'make IVnrxit^ainsI Ptolemy, and
yet pretended to bi in Friendship Kith himiwhtn
hewenttobeatlheJewsiitJIalllc-
1 1. VVilEN Aristobiilus v\as (Irfld, his wife Sa-
■ .lonie, who by the Greeks "'a' •■»11< d Ali'xandra,
"let his brethren out of prison, for Aristobidus
had kinpt them in bonds, as we have said already,
Slid niiidc Alexander Janiieus king, who was su-
* The reason why Jlyrrnnus mitTurcd not this son nf
M l iwl i o i n lie ilid not l ove t o ron i o iriio Ju d r i i , lin t nf il er
perior in age and in modenitinn'. This child hap-
pened to be haled by Ins fnlhi r as anon us ha^
wii1< l)orit,and cimhl never be permitted to 'oine
into his father's sight li|j he died. " The ocea-ion
of which hatred ia thu> rtported; When Uyrca-
nin chielly loveil the two < Idest sons, Aniigonlii
«n(l Ari>tobuliii<, liod appeared (o him in h'ls
sleep, of whom he iiuiuiied which of bis aoni
should be his »uccmor7 Upon tiod'a represent-
ing to him the couutenajice of Alexander, he was
gricted that he was lobe the heir of all hiji piods.
and sulleri'd him t.i be brought up in <iald«e.«
llowever, (lod did not dereive llyrcaniis, for al-
ter the death of Aristobulus, he certainly took
the kingiloni, and one of his brethren, who all. fl-
ed Ihe kingdoiii, he„slew, and the other, who
chose to live a private and a (|uiet life, he hud in
esteem. .
'2, When Alexander Jnnneus had settled the
government in the iHiinner that be judged best,
he made an expedition against I'toleniais; and
hnviiig overcome the men in battle, he shut them
up in the city, and sat round about it, and be-
sieged it; for of the maridnie cities (here remain-
eil only I'tidemaia and (iaia to be conquered, be-
sides Strato's Tower and Dora. which were held
by the ty ranfZoilus. A.w while Aniiouhua Plji-
lometer, and Anticiclius who waa called Cyiice-
iius, were imiking Wiir one ngarnst another, and
<l<»troyiag,oiie- another's arinies, the people ol
I'tidi niais couhl have lip assistance from, tbein ;
but whin tiny were distressed with this siege,
Zoiliis, who possensid !strat6's Tower and Dora,
and niainlaiiii'd aJegiou of soldjers, aiid,on oc-
kings, art'ect-
t si^nie small
; nop indeed
tlieiii, as tidit
from Iheni
case of wrestlers
casion of the coiite<,t beiwi
ed lyraiiiiy himself, ciihie a
assistance todiu peojile t>||/l
liad the kings siicl) u friin^
they shouli' hope for any difvaiii
both
ho
these kings were m
finding. thiniselv«rs': deficient in atreiiji,th,
andyet being a.shamed'to yield, fjit oil' tlie light
by luzine(s, and by lying still us Irnig at they can.
'1 he only Impc they had remaining was from tht
kings of"<^y|)t. aiid from I'toleiHy'l/iJhyrus, who
liow hei<R^Cy(irus, and who cuiiie to Cyprus when
he was driven from the govcrninent-of Kgpyt by
f'leopatia his mother: s(j the people of holemais
sent to this I'tohuiiy Lathyrus, and desired him
ti) i:unie ;is a* confiilerate, to deliver them; now
liiey were in such daiigi r, out of the hands of
Alexander. And as the ambassadors ga.ve him
hopes, that if he would pass over into Syria, he
would have the people of Ciaza on tht side of
tlioae of I'tolenian; us thi7 also said, that Zbi-
Ills, and besides ihesi- the- Sidonians, and many
others, wouhi ps.,ist them: so he was elevated
at thi», and got his fleet ready as soon as possible.
;). ItuI ill this interval, IJenienctua, one that
was of abilities to persuade men to do as he would
have them, and a leader of the populace, made
those of I'toleniais change their bpinions: and
said to them, tiiat " it was tjetter to run the ha-
zard of being subjected to the Jews, than to adnitt
of evident slavery by delivering themselves up to a
masterr and besides that, to have not only a fcar
at present, but 'to> expect a much greiiler war
from Kl-'vpt, for that Cleopatra wouM not (jver-
look an army- laiseu by I'toUniy for himself out
of the neii(liborhood, but would come against
them with a great army of her own, and this be-
cause she was laboring to eject her son out of
Cyprus also; thatus for I'tolemy, if he fail of :
his hopes, be can still rttir* to Cyprjis, but that
they will be left in the greatest danger possible,"
Now I'tolemy, alth')i!^''h he had lieard of (lie
change that was made iii Ihe people of rinleiiiais,
yet ilid he still go on with liis voyage, and caihe
well cullivateil a country as Jiidea. Mftlt.xJW 7.1; John
vli .y , '; A^'"''- "^^ "'111""'''' ''""it'erolivifltif Teason-c
♦ „
eil jilni lolie liroaclit up in Galilee, is Kiigscstcd liy Dr. cursalsn, that lie was fnrtlicr nut oMuisij
Hudson, that Cabico was not esteemed so happy and than b« would have been in Judta.r
I in (jatileo
^^^
fr. .
■tji"
B()OK XIIL-^IIAP. 31111.
fns*
to the country called Sycniiiinc, anil' thi-rc tut ithcy had nmilu.llicni iill run nwn.v, itml •l«w ibrni
bit nrmy iiii •liiire. 'Iliik army iil'lila in tlio | inKm);. t|iiit lh«ir w<Mi|i.>n< ol'iron w«rt^ liliinli H,
wllult!, Iiurse Hnd loot tuKcthcT, ttiri: ii|iiiut tliirly i anil their liniiil' (|iii(i: tircil with llii- ^KUjchtoti
Ibouiuml, with which hv iiiarchKil iiiur to I'tiilv- ' fur tlu; rt'^iurt wa^, (hut thirty thounanil niitn
■uiiit, anil tlHTepilchi'ti hii caitii|i: but' when the | were then ulaiu. 'riimigenin jay., IIM7 w«r«
|)eu|ile wl' I'tult'iuaia neither n ciivcil ^il< aiiibHi-
•ailurn, nor would hear what ihty hailfto tay, by
Wan under » very griMit conirrn. I , .
4. Uut when /uiliit and the pvoplf 4i( Gum
caiuv li> him, and ilmired hin analsliiniji', brcauic
their country wan laid wunlit hy' thelji'Wit, and
by Alexander, Ahmainler ruined the niene, for
fear of I'loleiiiy; and when be hail drawn nil'
hi« ariuy into In* »wii couirtry, he iued a ulrntn'
^em afterward, by iirivatily invitinK. I^'leujiatra
to conii; a^ainat r'tolGiiiyi hui publicly iirelend-
>■■{( to dc«ire a leaj^ue of friendnlilp and iiiulual
BHsiitaiice with hiiii; and proniiting ti) f;ive him
four hujiilreil (ulenti of iidver, he dcAirrd that,
. by way of reijuilal, he would' take olf /uilui*, the
tyrant, and give lii.4 country tu the Jewa. And
inert indeed I'toleniy, with ulcniure, made auih
n leaj^iie of frieudihip with ^li'xander, and aub-
dued Zoilua; but whenhe afterward llieard tlfiit
he had privily acot to ^'leopatra, hia iiiuther, he
broke the lra|;Ue of friendship with him, and be-
aieged I'toleuiaia, becnuae he would not receive
him. However, leaving his generals,, with ao(ue
part of hia forces, to g;^un with tli*) aiege, he
went blin»elf ininiediately with the reiit to lay
Xavte Judca; and when Alexander und^»toOd
Ihia to be Ftoleiiiy's Hilention, he also gff toRer
Jher about iil'ty thouaaiid spldiera out of liia own
couirtry; nay, as aoiiie ivritera have «aid,« eighty
IhonaaDil. lie titcn took hia army, and went to
meet ftoleniy ; but I'toUiiiy fell .upon Asaochis,
a city of CJulilee, and took it by i'H'of.e on the Suli
fifty thouaand. Aa for the re«t, they Were part
of thrill taken rpptlviU', and the otlier part ran
away to their owu'Country.
t>. After thia victory, l!tolemy overran all the
country; and when night laiiie iiii, he alindt in
certain viHagca of Judea, which when he. louud
full of woiiii n anil childrtii, he rouiinunded ilia '
foldiera to atrangle them and cut fheni 111 pierea,
and then to cuat them into boiling caldn>n|, an4
then 10 devour their liiulia' ua aucriliie*. Tliia
commandment waa giren, that auch aa lUcf froui
the battle, and canielo them, might auppoM' llnir
ejieiniea were cannibals, and alenitn'a llivh, and
might on that account be atill more terrilied at
thehi upon auch a aight. And both Slhibo and
Nicholaua [of I>aiii.'i»cuHJ alhrui, that they iiaed
these people alter Ihia inamier, aa I have already
related. I'toleniy alao look I'toleniuia by force,
aa we hare declured elaewhere.
, cnAi'. xiii. '
Uuw JIUx^ndcr,upori Ihr l.eaifiictfmvlmil J)t-
Jencr whirh t'Uii/mtra Mnd ii/j^rer.l wilh Urn,
made ait J^jjicililioii ngniiisl Cntotijria, niul-
ulterli) orerlhriw tlie Cilij (ifdHnij and hnw
lie lUvmany /in thcnisdnilanf .lara that rcliilUtl
ap;niifil liiin: also cuitctrninir .htdochua tiWfj; ,, .
/Ill*, Seleitcui, Antiorh'iii L'ysicimis, and ^{nitp-f '\^
chiis Fins, and ulhtrs. , a
5 i. VVhKn Chopalra- »nw that hoc aim wh».
grown gre.iitj and laid Judea waste wrthoiU dia-
*•'-■
batlHilay, ami tlicre betook afeoiit 'len thousaifd [ iurbaiice, and liad'ig/illeii tl>e cilA' of lia/.ii under
aldlvca, and a great deal of other prey. . I hia ■poiver, sIm- reaolvecl n«j Linger to overlook
5. lie-then tried to take Sephoria, which wras a ; #iin lie did, when he wi^ almoit ut her galea;
city not far from that which wan destroyed, but | and she concluded, tlinl now he wiia so liinch
lost iiiaiiv of his men; yet he did notjjo to fight *lronirer tliiili before; lie Would- be very de»iroua
e dominmn over the hgyptiaiiH; bill she
luunedintely innruheil Against liliii with a lleet at •
Ma, and an ariiiv of foot on luiiil, and ina htJhcl-
cias aiul Aniinia (he Jeiva, geiiends of her whole .
urliiy, while she .v^nt the greatest p'.irt of her
riche»','hecgrandciulclren, .111(1 her te>riiiiieiit, to
the people of Cos.li t.'U opatia ulsoordered-hersqn
Ahvuider lo sail/ttillv a great Heel Ip i'hU)niciil>
and when tlwl i/ouutry liad revolted, she cami'ii-
with Altjxandcr, which Alexander inefiiiin at the I of the dominion over the l',|
river Jordan, near a ceilaiu ulace called' Sapholl^
fnot' far from the river Jordan,] and pitched hia
cniii^ ntfar to the enemy. He had, however,
eightjthonsaiid in the first rank,'which be alvled
•Hecirtontoiiiiichi, having shit Ids of"bras»; Tjiose
in the first rank of I'toleuiy's siddiers ulsiV hail
ahielda covered with brass; but I'lolemy's sol-
diers in other respecta were, inferior to llinse of , ., I r 1 1 -
Alexander, and therefore were more fearful of ! to I'lolemais; and because (hv people of I'Inle-
running haiaids; but I'hilostephanus, the camp 1 inai-< did not relieive her. she Ih sieged the city;
niaater, put great courage into tlie^, and ordered | but I'loleiny went out of Syria, and made haste
them to pass the riVcr, Which was between their -itito r,gypt,/iipposing that ■she should limLildu;-
cainps: nor did^Alexander think fit to hintier titute of an uniiy, and soon laki: it, th/ugli he
their paa.sage over it, hr he thought that if the j lailerl xjf his hop.s. At this tiim- C!m Wiis ohe
enemy had once gotten the river on their back, ; irf (,'leopatra's geii.nds.liiippeiul to die in C'le-.
that ht- should the easier take lliciii priaoliers, f losyria, a« he. was In pursuit ol rtiilemy.
when they could not llee out of the buttle; in j 2. When Cleopatra heard of herson's ultempt,
the beginning of which the arts on both eiilea, j and that his l'".;;ypfiaH expedition did not miceed
with their hands, and with their aliicrity, were according to his expcclaUons, she sent thither
alike, and a great slaughter was made by both part of ner army, and drove him oiil «f that
the armies; but Alcxaniler Waa superior, till ' country ; so when hewus retnnie<l out of K,;,'j;pt
Philostephanua opportunely brought up the aux- j again, and abode (hiring the wint< r at tiaru, in
" itiaries, to help those that were giving way; but which time Cleopatra look th» garrison that ivas
B« there «er<; no auxiliaries to afloiij help to that in I'loleniuis by sie(;e, ua wdl a* the city; and
part of the Jew* that gave way, it fell out that ; when Alexander came t;i her, he ^ave her pre-
• they lied, and those near them did hot aaaist i seiils, and auch marks of r(>'p((L us Her, but
them,' but fled uloiig with tlieni. However, I'to- | proiier, since under llie ini.-eries he iiidured by
lemv's »oldi,ers acted (piite otherwise; for they rtolemy, he had no other refiig. Iiiit her. .\otv
followed the Jews, and killed them, till at length I there w'ere sonic of her frieii.is who per-iua.led
those that alcw them pursued after fheiii, when I her to seiic Alexander, and lu overrun and take
. * From these and other Ocraaiohal cxprcasiona drop-
ped hy Jnacphus, we may Icnrn, that where ilic aacrcil
liookBorthc Jews were deliricnt, ho luiit aevoral other
hialDriealhen exigent, hut now most oftlicin lost, whirh
he falthlully folli^wcd inlihi own history: nor uideeil
bavc we any alher reronls of these tiinnii, rclaihic to
Judea, that ran hcroinpareil to thcw arCQiinis of Joso-
phu a , tl i o ', w lic i i w e Jo nici't whh aiil l ni i ui i frag i nnnl n
i orsuchoriKinal rccor(l8,thcy. do nhvaya confirm hiaidb
! lory. .
I 1 1'h'' c''y •"■ island "f Cos is not that remote istnnd
in Ihc ^^c.oisc.i, famous, lorlliclilrthnf the sreai Hip
I pocrales, hat a riiv or isli'iiil ol the same uanic a :jnlc-
iiii; m Kaypt, ineiiiimieil \m'.U liy Slriimiuis ini.l I'lole-
iny.as Or. tliKlfOiiint'oriu'iis. Of whichCos, ;ind the
ircj a iirij 'i tliom l n i. l up hy t . ' li iVaira nml l l -e Jf w a, are
Antiij. h, xiv. r-Jj, vii. s,:''l -.
274
ANTlQUITll'lS 0I*T1U; JKWS.
ilurcry fur Iheiii ; ImiI tlin iriintori, who wrrn in
nil livi^ liiinilriil, llvil tu Aiiullo'n (•'iiiuii, ^I'lir (lit*
iiimcli huppi'iu il III hv. mmlr iia lh<')' ui ri^ lidiiig,)
whdiii AlrxiiiuliT nli'iv; anit wliiii lie hail alUrly
ovirtlirowii thrir nif, he ri tiiriicil tu Jemtuli-iu,
hitviiiK ii|M'iit u yeiir III Itiiil iiicKr.
4. Aliont thii vtry liiiii^ Aiitiochuii,* nlio w*i
nilleil (iry|iiit, (lii'il. Iliii iliHtli win ciiuurd by
llri'iictvoHi tri^uchrry, wlivii hr hail livnil lurty-
liv« ycnri, aikl hail rriKnvil tw<'iil\-iiiiii-.f ilii.
•Ill) hrliueiK Hiici'i'Cilvd liiiii in hit kiiiK'loi"; i">(l
iiinili! n'»r with AntiiuhiM, hia I'lilhirn lirnlhor,
who wuii rii|j«(l, Antioi'huii ('^ririiiiiii, luiil beat
him, anil took him primiiHr, nAd xliw hiin. Hut
al'trr a wliilv Anti»t:li(iK,t tlii^ non of Cyiiirnu*.
who was oalleil i'iii*. I'aiiiK to Arailim, and put
the diaiU'iii un \)i» own lii'iid ami niadv ivar with
Si'Ikucuk, and liiat liiiiv, and dmvi' liiiii out ol all -
Svria. Hut whin liii Hid out ol' Syria, lir canii:
toMopiu<:atiaa)^in,and Ivvii' I nioai) upcyi Ihrin;
lint tint pioplc ot' iNiopiiui'iilia hiid iniliKiiation at
what he diil, and hnrntdown hia pahii't',a»il ilrw
hiin, tojfftlHT with his l'riiiid». nut wh«n Anti-
nchua, the «(in of C)iii«nuii, Vvai kiii); of hjriia,
Antiochiia, the lirothcr of Si'lcui'im niailc war
upon him, and win ovirt'onic.'^linil ilcntroyf'd, hn,
and his army. After hiui, WA lirotliiT I'hilipH put
on the (liiKliin, and rcignid ovt'r noiiii' pail of
Sjrins lint riolcniy l.atli) rn« tiint forjiia I'ooith
brotiitr DinirtrjiHi who was called Kuidrns,
from ('nidus, and made Iviiii king of DiiinnacuK.
Iloth thC'st.' brothers did Antiuehus Milienienily
opjiosc, but presently died; for when he wua
roiiie na an aMxilmry to J.awlire, ipiei n of the
(iileaditea,) when she was iiiakin^ war aj^ninst
the I'artKtaiiB, and he waa tijjhting eonraj;eouKlr,
he fell, while Demetrius and I'liilip governed
Svria, as hath been elsewhere related.
*.5. As to'AIexftiHler, his own people were sedi-
tious OKiinsl him; for at u festival whiih Wai
then ei lelirlited, wlien he btiiod upon the ullnr,
and was goinj; to sacrifice, the nation rose upon
him anil pelted him with citrons, [which 4hey
th.eii had in theii* hands,] because the law of the
.lews required, that at tiie feast of tabcrnucles
t'verv one should have brinches Of the palm-tree
anil citlon-lree: which tliinj; »ve have elaewhere
related. They also reviled him, as derived fnini
a captive,^ and so unworthy of his dignity, and
of sacrrflcing. At this he was in a rage, and
slew of them about six thousand, lie also built a
partition wnllof vtood ijjund the altar and the
Y.ymple, IIS far as that pnrlilinii williin wrhich it
was only lawful for the priests to enter, and bv
this means lie obstructed the niultitilde from
comui;^ at him. lie also mnintained fon'igners
of Pisidia ami (.'ilicin, for as to the Syrians, he
was at'vvar with tlicni, and su made no iMe of
thein. lie also overcame thc^rabiuns, such as. ,
the INIoabites and (ii|i;Ddite8, and made 4hein
bring' tribute. - iMoreover, he ulemolished Ama-
thiis, while Theodorua durst not fijrhlwithliim-."*
but B« he had joined battle witir Ohedas^ king of
the Arabians, and fell into an ambush in places
that, were riigKed and diflicnlt to be travelled
over, be was thrown down into a deep valley by
the inultitdde of the Camels at (iailara, a vil|ai;e
of (iilead, and hai'dly escaped with his life. Krom
thence he lied to Jerusalem, where, besides hi*
HbVvcTer, Porphyry says that tliia Aniiorliua ritiiiiliit
not ilie in this Nattlc, liitt, riiiinini! awiiy, was tlruwiifil
jintlie river Drontes, Aiipinn sayi>, liiat lie was'ilcpri-
ti'orphvrysiiys, that this Antior.hustJrypus reigned -| ved of thckhigiloin of Syria by Ticrancs; hut I'oriiliy-
biit i!ll ypiiw, i)S llr. MiatBOM o' serves. ! ry makes this liaiMlice qiice^i of llic Calania'i" ;»" "f
I Thecojiiesiifjoseplms, loth tJrcekondl.nlin, have which is noleil hy t^^.thheiin. In siichioiifusioii of the
here so crossly Mn- u reaiiin!!, JInliorJiuf aiid'iif'i'diii- * Iqtter liisioriarifl. we have no reason to prefer any of
ii»«, or Jl»'oni»» PHts, for Jliit\oc\ns fji^s.'tliat ll'O : llicni hefore JoBC|iliiii!, wlio hud more original oiicslio-.
editors arc forced to rorrcrt flie Hjxtfron* ihc oilier I fore I'iin,
liislorianir. whoall aorcc tliat tliia king's naiiic was j irThia reproach u|ian Alexander, that he was .
BOthinRniore llian ."//itiociKs TiUH. , sprung from a captive. Deems only the rR|ietltioii of lh«
I I These two limrhers, jCniiiicliug arid riiilippiis, are I old I'liariaaical. calumny upon his father, chap. X.
poiMiaion of the country and not to til still ami
tea iuch a multitude of brave Jews Mibject to
one man. But Amtuiat's counsel wa> contrary to
Iheirt, whoaaid, that she " wouhl iloaniiiijuttac
tion, if (he dejirived a man that was her ally , of that
luithority which belonged to him, apd this a man
who it related to us; lor, (aajil he,) I would not
hkve (hee ignorant of this, ihiit what injustice
thou dual to him, will make all of us thai are Jews
to bo thy enemies." This desire of Ananias,
Cleopatra complied with, nnd did nv injury to
Alexander, but made a league of mutual assist-
ance with hinuatScythupolia, a cit^ of Cirlosyria.
3. Ho wh^nlMexander was delivered from the
fear ho wua in of I'tulemy^ he preaentlv niade
■n expedition against Cielosyria. lie alan look
Gadara, after n tiege of ten munthil. He took also
^Iniathus, a very strong fortress belonging to the
inhabitants above Jordan, where Thepdorus, the
toii of Zeno, had his chief treasure, and what he
esteemed most precious. Thfti Zeiio fell unex-
pectedly u|ioh the Jews, and slew ten thousand
uf. them, and seiied upon Alexander's baggnse:
vet did not this misfortune terrify Alexander,
but he hiade an expedition upon the maritime
parts of the country, Kapliia nnd Anthedon, (the
name of which kiiig lierod afterward changed
to Agrippias,) and took even that by Ibrce: but
when Alexander saw that I'toleinv was retired
from UazB tu Cyprua, and his mother Cleopatra
was returned to Kgypt^ he grew angry at the
Iieople of data, bMaiise they had invited I'lo-
eiuy to assist them, and besieged their city, and
ravaged th«ir country. Uut us ApoModolus, the
general of the army of Caza.fell upon the camp
of the Jews by night, wJth two thousand foreign,
niid ten thousand of his own forces, while the night
lasted, those of Gaia prevailed, because the ene-
my was iiiade to believe tliat it was Ptolemy who
■ilttBckcit th«;^n; but when day wiiLcome on, and
that mistake was corrected, nnd tlie .lews knew
the truth of the niuttir. they came back again
and fell upon those of (iaia, and slew of tliem
about. a thousand; but as those of (i»/,n stoutly
. resisted them, nnd would not yield for cither their
want of anv thing, nor for the great multitude
that were slain, lor they would rather sulltr any
hardship whatever than coipc under the power
of their enemies, Aretas, king of the Arabians,
a person then very illustrious, encouraged theiii
to go on with; alacrity, and proiuised them that
he would come to their assistance; but ithupnen-
ed| that beforo' he'cairie, Apolloilotim was slain*)
for his brother Lysimachus, envung him for the
gpreat reputation he had «ained'(fniun<>; the citi-
lens, slew him, and got the army nigellur, and
delivered up the i ily to Alexamlt^i who, wheii.
he camie in- at 'first,-lay cpiiet. and afterward set
his army upon tliA inbaliitania of Gaza, and
.gave th^in leave to punish' them; s6 some went
one way, and some weiit another, and slew the
inhabitants Of (ia?.;i; yet. were not thiy of cow-
ardly hearts, but opiKi'sed th'ose thatramu toslay
them, and slew as iiiaiiy <if the Jews; and soiiic
of them, wheh they saw themselves ilesevted,
burnt their own houses, that the enemy might
get none of their spoils; nay, some of them with
their own- hands slew their chil<Jren and their
. wives, having no other way than this of avoiding
.N • This account of the death of Aniinrhus Grypiis Is
. eontirnii'd hy Appiaii, Pyriac, p. I*.', here cited hy Span-
lieiin.
tailed twitis liy Toriiliyry ; the fourtli hrothcr wns
iiini; of Damascus; lioth which are the ohtcrvations
ff Spanlieim.
$ Thiil.fodiceawaaa city of Gilegd l>cyciid Jordan.
sect. 5.
*" This Thcodorus was the son of Zcno, and was In
possession of Anmlhus, a> we learn rmin sect. 3, fore-
pin?.
BOOK XHI.-CIIAP. XIV, XV.
975
other 111 nurrcH, Ihr nnlioii iiMiillnl hiiu, »ml hr
rmii^lit iiKiiin»l tliriii for »it vinr«, »iwl »l<w iii>
irmi't tliKii lifly llidUtHiiil i)rtli>:iii. And wlwii
he (Ifnirnl tliul llicv woulil iliniM Cr.Hii llirir ill-
will lo Ijiiii. th<f hiiti'd liii" « ucli liic iiior*,
oimrciiiinl "l "lint liml Hlnmlv l»A|>|»ii'<l-, mii'I
whi'ii he IhhI ii»I«<'(I iIx'I" »vli"t In- miKhl l'> "\>[
thuv flII < I i<'l <"'<. "«'"'« '"■ ""«'" '" •"" '""'"'"•'
'riiey nlm '*nl ti) Ittiiictriiu Kiiicnn, hhiI ili-
nircil him to miik«! H l<nK'"r' "• "lulunl dflViii'«
with thcni.
aiAl'. XIV.
Hull- nemctriiiM Kncrt-us overcome JlUxander,
awl >irt r''> <i lillU lime, rtlirnl oM ifllie ( 'umifry
for hfiir ii/'Ihe ,/. »•». . /* I'lau huio .llixnndir
iUw wm»'/ '/"'i: .lews,niiJlherthijgol riturof
hiflr»ubhs. foiiceriiiiig the Ueulli of Deme-
trim.
Jl.S<iDciiiiliiin r«mn with on iirniy, nml
took Kmki' lliul invar<l him. iinil iiih liidlin ninip
iipurllif rilj Slic.luiiii »|">n w\wh Alt«nn(l.r,
wilh Ills xiSi ihoiiH.inil two liuniliTil mi nrnHiiin.
nml nh,.iil tiv. Illy lh..ii*nnii Jini, who wrrr ol
hill oiirty, ivinl iiKHin«t l)i iiii'tiiin, wh;. hml thri'f
thoM«ni>il horKi-imn, ami forty thoiinuml lootnw ii.
Now Clur« win- uri-nt rnil<'«vor« ii'nl on liolh
»iil«ii, Diiiiftriiis trving lo hriii); oil' till' iiiinriiK-
Hm tliiil rteii' wiih Al.Min.Ur, Iktuiisi' tlii v
wcr«<;ri,il<s linil AlcXiiniii'r irjinR to lirints; oil
the J< W4 (hilt wi'ri' wilti Diini'trim-. Hnwivir,
whi-n nr.tlifr of ihi'iii coulil pirnun'lK iImiii "o to
do, thi-y I'limi- ton liiiltii-, Hnil DiMiietriiu win thf
obniiuiror, in which nil' Alexunilir's mir< rn^irii'd
Wi're kilh '. when they had given il«!moii«trulioii
. of their liili lily nml ronrane. A nt*''" ">"»''^*'
of DMinelriu.iii sol'lii Id wiiri' sliiln hI«>.
' 2. Now in Alixiind.rfliil t.i the m..unti»Hn, »ix
thousand of th« ,lrw8 li.rinp..n r imi- to|r. tiler
[from Demetrius ; to hiiii.niil of )iil.\ • the chantfe
of hn fortune; upon whiih Dciiietnii- ■iv ■^nirMid,
itud retired oul of theriiuntry; nfl- r "• "h the
JewB t'oiintit iipiinst Alexander, nmHieinsl'iaten.
were sliin in ;;i i at numheis ill the sevi ihI Imllleit
Which thev had;nnd when hehad shut up themost-
powerful oi' tlieui inihe city Hetlioui!f,heliesieK.<
them thert in ; iiii i when he had taken thecitj ,aiid
eotten Uie nun into his power, he brought them
to Jeru|,d(-iii, and diil one id' the moHt Imrbaroiis
HCtioivOn the worhl to them: fornshe was feast-
ing with hi« coii-uljijieii, ; in the sight ol all the
city, he ordered ahfciil eight linndred of them to
he crucified, and whili; they were livinj', he or-
dered tilt throats of their children niid wives to
l)c cut before their eves. This was indeed by
Way of revenge f,ir the injurien they had done
him; which punishment yi t was of an inhuman
nature, though we suppose that he had been ever
io much distressid.as indeed he had been, bv his
wars with them; for he had liy their means come
to the tastdeKreeof hiiianl, both of his lileBnd of
his kingilonr, while they were not satisliid by
themselves only to fight against him, but introdu-
ced foiei;;ni'r» aUo for the same purpose; nay, at
lfn"-lli they reduced him to that degree of neres-
§itv', that lie was forced to deliver back to tlie
kin"- of Ariibia the land of Moab and liilead,
whu-'h he had »ub<lued, »lid the places that were
in them, thai idey tnlght not join with them in the
war against idiii,' as they hail done ten thonsnnn
otherlliings that tended to aflVont and rejiroach
him. llovvrnr, ih" barbarity seems tohuve been
without aiVv ii.cesiil,v, on wh'icb account he bare
the name o"f a Thrarlan among the Jew»;» wherei
upon the Kollicrs tlial h;<d tbn-ght against liim,
being nliotif eight thousand ill number, ran Bway
by night, and continued fugitives all .the time
■ • Thin name TtiraeiJa, wliirjillie Jew9);aTi! Alo^ali-
Her must, liv the rol'.creiirc, ilenote <>« AirJaroiis da tt
lairwhal l i ke It. hut w h at » properly.
that Aleiander lived; wbrt being now fre«il from
HHV farther dulurbance from tliem, r»iKned lb*
reiit of his lime in the ntinoil Iranipnlilv.
;1. Ilul when Demetriiu wan deparled out 01
Jiidea, he went to llerea, and liesieged bin bro-
ther I'liilip, having wilh hiiii ten thousand loot,
men, anil a thousand hoij>eiiieii. However, Slr»ta
lh*Wrnnl of tivrca, the confederate tif I'hilip,
<:»ned WVJiton, the ruler of Ihe. Arabiiin tritiei,
lind Milhridates Sinun, the riderol the I'l.rlhiant,
who coniiiiK with « ureal nniidier of li.rrisand
besieging Oenietriui in l.i» encHmiiment, i'nto
which they hud driven him with tl,eir arrowi,
they eiMiipelled those thai were wilh him by
thirst to deliver up Iheiiiielvet, So lliei toi.k ■
great nianv spoils out of that I'ountrV, ami Ueiiie-
irius biiuselr, whom Ihiy sent lo Milhiiilate«,
who wa* tiien king of I'nrthia; but a» to those
whom they took captives of the people of An-
lioeh, they rHiitored theiii to the Antmrhiani
without any reward. Now Milhridale«,lhekinB
of I'arthia, hod Demetrius in gre«t honor, till
Deiilelriiis ended his life by «icknes«. So I'hilip
presently after thi; light was over, eaihe lo Anti-
orh,aiiil took it, an I reigned over Syria.
ClIAl'. XV.
//old Anliochus, teho i»«» called DioiufSUi^ and
ufur hiin.'IrelaM.uiaJe Ki iieditiont inli) Judea;^
(/iirt returned In-.leriitab'.in, and, after a Sick
' ullttl
nd
CoUHItl
elves, (lelivereU up ine ciiy lo mm; jei iirmux
'hilip was become ungraleHil to him, and h*c
iesU>wed upon him nothing of that in hope
vhireof he had received Him into the city, Im
'r fi rn e ia
UiSMof Three il'ears, died; and ul
(>« g-aut <() W/eTniK/ro.
5 1 Ai'TlR this, Anliochus, who was called
|)i,.iij»iis, and was I'hilip's brother,^ aspired to
the doiniiii'Jii, and came to DanUMCUs, and got r
the power inl> his hanilj', and lliere he reigned:
but «« heVas making war against the Aruliinn*,
his brother I'liilip lieard of 11, and came tu D«-
masc-us. Where Milisiiis who had been lelt go- -
vernor of the citadel, and the llaniiwcenes them-
selves, delivered up the cily to him; yet became
" * ■ ' and hud
lei
Imt
had a mind lo have itbilioved that it w«» rather
delivered upKUt of fear than by the kiiidiiess of
Milesins, and because he had not rewarded hiii
as he ought to have done, he becit4iie suspei-ted
by him. and so he was iibli;jed to leave l>ainBi-
cus again; for Milesiu* caught Jiim marching out
into the Hippodrome, and shut linn up in it, and
kept Uainascus for Antiochns [Kucerus,] who,
henrin"- how I'hilip's affairs stood,came bank out
of AraTiia. lie also came immediately, and made
an expedition Bgaiiut .ludca, with eight thousand
armed footmen, and eight hundred horsemin. So
Alexander, out of iVai of his coming, dug a deep
ditch, beginning at Chabarauba, which is now
calhd Antipatii», to the tea of Joppa, on which
part only his uriiiv couUI be bfought against hiro.
lie also raised a wall, i.nd erected wooden low-
ers, and intermediate redoubts, for one hundred
and' fifty furlongs in length, and there expected
the Cuming of Antidchns, butlie soon hurnt them
all,, and made his afiiy pins by that way into
Arabia, the Arabian ki.ig [Aretas] at fifst re-
treated, but afterward appeared on the sudden
with ten thousand horseulen. Anliochus gave
them the meeting, liiid fought despeniKly; and
indeed when he had gotten th.' victory, and was
bringing some auxiliaries to that part of his army
that was in diitress, he was slain.- When Anlio-
chus was fallen, bis army fled to the v i II .ige Ca-
irn, wlirrc the greatest part of theui perished by
famine. ^ w . ■ \
2. Aft^Pi'K Aretas re'giied overCieSosyna.l
ami of two others) wnstlie fifth son of AntlorlinGry
pus; nml that he Is slylnl On the coins, Jlaligekut
i Kpiph niiet DioKlIKU*.
' f*PF
i I II I) flist ki n g o f ti le Aral il ai ia w ll»
2ilS«3s^rsS!six=^
\ ■ q
• ■\iifi
/
970
ANtIQlIITIF.8 OK TIIE JKW8,
t
b«ing cullrd to tht Knv«rnnii<nl lir iIidkc (Im(
held DiiiiKiriK, l>v n'liion u(, j|||#V*''''<l >h^jr
bari- III I'lulriuy Mrnnriii. ll«iU<n lAiiila Ihiiicr
■n<'ip«<liliuii iig^iiiial Ju<li>a, iiikI lifial Alriiioilrr
. In biillli', iirar « (limn mllril Adidii.yit iiii| lie,
apon cerUin ciuiililiuiii ii)(re«<l uii brltveeii Ihrm',
ratltr out of Juilra.
3. lIutAlemnilrriiiiirelied iif itlii tu llir i!ity Din;
■nil tuiik il; kiiil (heji iiieile tn r«|)t'(lilicMi*|(i(iMl
Kiu, wlieri! wn* the lieil |iurl nl' '/.nui't lr«i-
•urr%, tml Ihrrn he <<ni-iMii|iUiai'il lli*i nluci- with
three walla; anil whrn he huil lakiii l)i« liiy liy
fivhriiiK. lie ninrchrd to (iulan anil Si'U'iicia ; nml
when he bad lukrn ihrae cilU'it, he, biaiilra ihvni,
toiik Ihr valley which ia called (he vnllry u( An-
tioihuK, aa ulm the Ibrtfraa iirtianiKlu. Ili^ aim
accuaed Dcnielriua, who wua govt ruiir of lliiini!
plana, of many rriinea, and (urnrd hini uu(: and
•fler he hud apinl three yeara in thi« war, he re-
turnid to hia own cuiintry, when Ihr Jew. ioy-
fully received him upon tliia hia ((ood aurcfan.
4. Miiwat thialitiieilieJrwa were in pii»ai-Mioii
OfthelolluwinK eiliea that had,hel>iii,(td Iti the
Syrhiiia, umt Iduiiu.'iina, ami IMucnii'inna; ut llie
leatidc, Strnto'a Tower, A|)ollonin, Joppn, Jam-
nia, Aahdoil, tiniii, Anlhrdon. Kiipiiin, iind Khi-
oocoluru; in the middle of the country, iiiiir to
Idimiea, Adora, nnd Mariaaa; ntnr the coiinlrr
of Sumaria, Mount Carniel, and Mount 'I'Hhor,
Scythn|>olt9, and Oadam; of the cimntry m
' Gaulopilia, Si'leucia, and (iabnln ; in the country
of Moab, Hrnhlion, and Medalin, Leilihu, and
Oronaa, liilithon, Zarn, the valley of the Celiri!!,
•nd ridlu; which laal they utterly deiitroyed,
kcekuae ita inhabitanta would not bear to cbaUKi:
their reliKtoua ritea for thoae peculiar to the
Jew».» The Jewa alao poaaeaaed ollurii of the
principal cid'ci in Syria, which had been «le-
ttrpyed.
6. After Ihia, kinX Alexander, nitliough lie fell
into a diateni|ier by hard drinklnir, and had a
quartan ague, which held hiiu three yeura, yet
would not leave otrKoing out with hia uriiiy. till
ha wua quite apeut with the labora he liad un-
dertcone, arid died in the boun.la of KcKalm, a
fortfeaa beyond Jordan. Uul when hia.quicn
•aw that he waa ready to die, and had n.i long< r
any hopciof aurviviiig, ahe came to him weep-
ing, and lamenting, and bewarliiig hciaelf and
her aona, ou the deaolate condiliuh they ahoutil
b« lefrin; and aaid to him, ■■ To whom doat thou
thua leave me and my children, who are desti-
tute of all other aupportx, and thia when lliou
knoweat how much ill-will thy nation bears
thet?" liut he gave licr the fullowing advice,
" That ahe need but follow what he would -.ug-
ge»t tp her, in order to retain the kingdom se-
curely, with, her children; Ibnt she »liould roii-.
ceal Lis death from the aoldiera till she should
and at Damaariia, aa we Icnrn from JoKpphiia in nmiiy
pMces, and from St. Paul, 3 Cor. .xi. liS. Sec the note
on Antig. h. xvl. rb. U. aert. 4.
♦We may here, ami elaewlicre, lake notire, tliiit
. whatever rounlrics or rMieathe ATinoiieaiia iiini|uerej
ftoiniinyof llic ixiKhliorinit n.ifiona, or whatever roiiii-
tric»oreilii!8ll,ey )t:iiiied froiiftlicni, that huil nni Ic-
loiiCciUu them lietbrc, t hey, afler the ilayn of llyrranUR.
coni|ielleil tlie liihaliitania to leave lliejr idolnlry, niiil
en 'rely 10 rereivc the law of M6aer>, aa proaelylea of
JOBV ce, or eliio huiiialieil them into other liiiids. That
•xrcllcnl iirihrc, John llyrranua,did ft 10 the Iduine.ina,
aa I linvc noted on rhn|i. ix.se-t. I, already, who lived
then in tlie iiMiiniBcd land, and thia I supiiose justly;
hHthy what ri.dii the real dhl il, even to rounirica or
eltiea that were no part of that land, I do not al all
know. Tliia looks loo like unjuat persiKutioii for reli.
gion.
t It aeenia by Ihia dyine ndvlreof Aleinnildr Jnq'nciu
to bia wife, tiai he had himself |iUraueii the ineaaiirea nl'
hiafulhcr llynainla. and taken i>art ivith llie Bniidii
ce«, wlH) kept rlow lo the written law, aciiiioit the
Pliariaees tvho had inlroilureil their own trnililiiiiia, i li
I havf taken that place; after Ihla, ahe khofld |[0
^ in UJMinph, aa u)Hm a «i< tiii') , t» Jt ruaiilnii, and
rut aoiiie of her aulhnrily into (he han't nl th«
hanteea, fur Ihal they would cuiiimiiiil her lor
I' the honor ahe hud done lliein, and wiuil.l itiuin-
rile the ualiiin In her: lor he lidd her, Ihiy hail
(treat authority among the Jewa, biilli la ilu hurt
' lo >iich aa lliev hiiUil, and lo bring ailvantugr*
lo Ihoae lo whom lliijr Were frieiiiily lUaiiiiaed,
"lor that lluy are ihiii believed beat u( all Uj lh«
mi^lilude when ihey apeiik any at'tiie Ihjug
ugiiijiil otiirra, Ihiiiigh it lie only out nt env) ul
llieiii. And he aaid, that It will) by thiiihiiuna
that he had iiicnrreil the iJisplenaure of llie na-
tion, whom indeed he had iiijiired. Uo thou,
tlierefiire, (said he^ whin ihnu ail come lo Jeru;
■aleni, i%end for the l>.idiiigmiii ainuug^lliiH^- -
and ahow them my boily, and witligreai apptur-
aiii'e of 'Sincerity, give (hem le»v«i l<4 li'e it at
Ihey IheniX'lvea' pli'uae,,,wlielj}<'r tliey Mill uia-
lioniir Ihe dead bidy by reliiatng it hnriul, at
having aeverely aulb red 1i\ nit mi mio, or wheth-
er in their Hiiuer lliiy will i.rfer any otliir inju-
ry to that boiTy. I'roiiiiae ihini also, thai tliou
wilt do nothing wilhout tliem in tlie alluiin iif (tie
kiiigdom. Il lliou doat but ».'<y tliis lo tli<m, 1
nliiill h^ive the honor of a mori: glorioiit funeral
from tliem lliun lliou conldal liKve made lor ine:
and when il ii in their puui r to ulniac my dead
b^idy, ihi V will do It no injury at all, and thou
will rule in aarety.'f So when he had given bit,
wile thia' advice, tie died alter he ha<l reigned
twenty-teven yeara, and lived lifty years within
one.
CHAP. XVI.
//otr Jljelranilrn, hi) rnininr; Hit good-will nftl.f
I'hariffcs, rtluiiicii Ihe l\in^:^iliim nine iean,
aiiJ thtii, having done miini/ glorious Jlctiont,
ditd.
} \. .So Alexandra, when ahe had taken Ihe for-
ireta, acted a' her huibund h:id su;;};esled to
her, and spake lo the I'huristes, aiil {it nil
things into their power, both ih to tiieiliml loily,
and aa lo the all'alra of Ihi kiiigdi.<in, anil thereby
pacified tlieir ui>ger iigaiiist Alexander, iliid niude
them bear good-Hill and fri< iidsliii) lo hliii; vyho
then CHiiM' among the multitude, and made
K|Hechea lo Iheiii, and laid before lliein the ac-
tions of Alexander, mid told tlic^.; that ihey.,
had lost n righteiiua king, and by llie coinn)^u^,'
dalion they gave him,the^' liriiiiglittlrem togrteve,
and to be in hi avint-ss lor hint, so liial he had
a funeral more-splendiil lliiiii hfid mt\ of the
kings before hiiu. AUxnniler left bi liiiKl hjm two
sons, Hyri iious and Aristobulus, but commitled
the kingdom to Alexandra. AiiK,:!.-! tothei'e two
sons, liyrcanus naa indeed iiiinble to manage
public atlairsi and d* lighted leather in a i|uiet
thin, which aertyel, thus supported, were at laai in a
crent meaauro the ruin of the leliulon. foveraineiii, and
nation of the Jews, ami hroii^'lit them iiilOao wicked a
Htiite thai tho yeiifteanre uftJud rniiie ujiun theni^to
their utier exrisiun. Just thua did Caiiipl>iia|iohiically
advise tlie Jewiab Hniiliedrini, Jolm- xi. .Ml; V'lur t(
vaa fTjteiHeai for them that mil', man ghtfUi'ii die fvr the
people, mill that the whole iiutiM perish not; and Uiii
ia coinKHjuenre of their own polNieal anpitdsii), verse 49, .
that if they let .leaun atone. wMt hia niirarles, n.'/«ra .
ttoiild be'ieeeon kim.aitd the Homatia lavuld e<tme,and
take away both their plane iiml antioa. \Vj^i.-il politi- ,
rulcrucilixioa of Jesus of .N'a/.arelh tiroiislit down Ilia
yeiiRt'nnre^of t*Oil upon thenii iiiiit oc'-riaioiied lliosa
very Koniaiia.'of whom they seemed so inueli afraid,
that to prevent it they put him to ilc all, nf^iunlly to
came and ta^eatnai/biith t keir floee ami naiitut, within
tliirlyek'ht years afterward. I iieartily wish the poll-
liriansof ('hristcniloin would ronaider Tbeae and tiie
like examples, and no longer sarrillrc ii 'I virlac iinil reli-
{fionlu their pcrnirions ai'l'diiea oft'ov. ''nnient,to the
iriiiEing dowil the judi!ineiit»nf tioil mioi. Uie'iiiii'iyeav
aiidtheseveral Mat ions intrusted 10 1 heir rare, ilul thia
»¥i Mict . 3 ; nnd t hat l ie no w a awa i m l l ti ral i w r caatty o f i aadi'; i essioa. 1 Iv l ali i l .«e r eanunsi '; iiiouu l 'l< 'Oii e.i'BO.
auhmitiin^ to the Hliariaees and their tradiliana lierenf-
Icr, if Ilia widow nnd family minded lo retain their mo-
■uchiiuil govuniucut or tyranny over the jewiib iw
• . " ' ■ / ■ .
■■.■.•.■■■,. ■(■■■ .
Jnsephus liiiiiselfHevoral tiinea iiiukeK such disresaioiii,
and I here vcnlnre to follow hiin. t^ee One of Ihem at
the concluaiou of the very next chapter
nooK xnr-ciiAp: xvi.
H ^' l lO.
97t
hr«; (till the yoiin|(rr, Ariiti>hiilii«, WH« iin mtivr
nml H liiilil iiixiK Hiiil I'rir tlii< Hniiiiin Ihm'H',
AIi'^kihIim, alic uii« I'ltril liy llir iiiiilriliMli', It-
cuii« nhi' hniHi'il >li«!>li'iii<'l nl till oll>'ii> ri li'r
hii*>l'ifn<l li'i'l l>i'* It L.|f»lt) nl'
i Hi>i)lit> iiiiulr Ih p ;)|iii« hiKli |irii>l, lirniiiip
hr M.i« till- rliliT. Iiiit iHiirIt itiori* Im t tiiHi' In-
ini'til ijiH III llM.ililli' null iinlilir-i. mill 1 1 iiiiillnl
4h«' I'liiiirit rii I'l till I'vtiy lliuiu; in wlmiii nl-n
i)h<i nrtiiriil llir niiiltilinlr Im Ih' nliiilii ii(. Mic
I hl«i) rr"l"nil ikhiii llm-c |iriii'llri« i\Hiiih llir
rilllliail • hull illlriiilliri'il, iinnrillll!; tn till' Xrn-
tliliiiiii (if iIh if I'nri liillii 11, mill wliirli lur I'lilliir-
lii-li>\v, lltrntiiu', liiiil iilmiKuliil. Sn >li)! Iiml
initi I'd llir iiiiiiii' mI rlic IIi'ki Ml, lull till rimei-
U)r% linii till' iiiitliiiril) ; for It iviia tin v nlin rt-
•torril •Mill H> hiiil III III liiiiiinlinl, mix) ait •mil
ai will' |iri»nni'r'> iit liliirl), nil I, to miy nil nl
«*<*<'■ tin v liiM'irrll in iiolhi'iiit frniii inriln. M.iw-
•ViT, til)' i|ii<'«ii iiUii tiirik r.iri'nr till nDiiira nl
ill)' Linyilniii, iiiiil |;nl inp'ilii r iiL^nnl IiimIv oI
lttetf«-ii«rv mililirri, unrl iitiTf-n^t-if hi r nrtn nnny
to mirh IK iN'urii', Ihiit »lii' liiririni' ti irilili' tii
th* III i({lilmriil|{ tyi.iijl«, iiml Innk lin.ii',iHnf
thrni; iiml the rmintiy vtiin ciitiritv iit |m im-i*,
cxi'i'litiiit; till' riiilrimi i; I'nr liny ili'-tiii't>i >| llic
quirii. mill iI^hIiimI tlnil iilir vlinnll kill l|io>i>
whn |:i miiiicli'il. All tiiiiili r In niiiy llic i i^lit hiin-
tlnil iiKii; itfirr which tli. y riil llir lUtnnt nl
nni oi ih^lii, |)i'if;i'iii'>>: ami iil'li r liiiri Ihi \ iliil
(k*' iimiir tn Ni'vi rill, our iil'lrr (iivillu-r. I)il (In
niKii llliit tvi-rr till' liiii«t ii'ili'iil I'.iiiir iiitn till'
paliirr, iidil Ai'i>lnliiitiii> Willi tlnm, Inr he m'Clinil
to Ik' ili4|>)i^>>e'l at iili'il Hilt ilnii)', and it ap-
prurril ii|i>'nly, thai il'Jii hail ini ii|i|airtliirMi , hi-
Wonlil ii'M |ii riii'l h'l iiinlhirtn ^niiii ^n, " I'Ium'
nut thi' i|iM • n ill iiiiiiil ivh,it en it iliiiiirirH llii\
nftil (fOiH' llii.i'jli, am) t^ri'iit tliiu'^-H iIk)' l"nl
iloni', whri'd'i llii'y h nl ilrimuHtraicil tin- fliiii
A«)i'4 of thrir liili Illy tn tin ir iiia-ttg-. iii'^oiiiiirli.
Iliot they lia'l nriivnl Iht' uiuiti-l iiiail(< nl'
fHV(»r rroiii him; iiml tlirv la'^ui' I nl' hrr that
»h«! wniilil not iillf'il\ lih-t thi ir lii.[)i'4a' it liiiw
hH]m('in''i, tliat whi'ii llw-y hiff i iii'a|Mj tin- iui-
gnruH that lirn«,' t'r'ini tin ir [np'iil curiini '«,
tlicy wi'i'i' III lie rut nlK nl liniin, (i\ tin ir ; |iri-
vnle] unniii", liki' liriili' In a«l., ivilh'iiil .my
hfl|i whaldoinT. They naiil Hl«n, that il ihi ir
»rfv<-r*Hrii'H wnnlil In- iia' -rii'l with llni«f' thai
had lu'en ulain alrr-cly, liny wniiM taki' what
hall hf-i'ii ilone iiatirnlly, liii uriniint nl' thi'ir
natural Invr tn llirir i^nminnr*; lint il thi'V mn«t
expect th*' aanip fnr Ihi? rntiiri' al-m. tiny iiii-
plorcd ul' hern ilinniijiHiiin I'l'nm Iiit iiirviii;. Inc
ihfy rniiM nnt In-ar In ttiitik nl' att* nijitin^: any
mcthixl Inr thfir ijilivi raiui' w'ithnilt hir, lii.t
wuiiiil rather liiii wiHin^ly lii'l'nro tin: palai'e-
rBtc, in fnji' alic Wniihl nnt fnr;-ivi' lliiiii. Ami
that it tyiiA u jirrnt nhiimr hnth fnr Ihi^iiiii lit'i.
■nH fnr (he qiirin, tluit wliin th<;y wori' uif-
Icrled liy hrr, they ihoilld ciinn' uiider t'n' lii«h
of i I'r liiiKhan'rH (nriuicH: for that Anla!!, tin'
Aratiiai> kin;;, and thi; innnari'h!*, would ^ivc any
reward, if tiny ci.iiJd pt sui'h iinii iit Inriipn
■uxiliarirs, tn whoni tiicir vtry nnm<;i>, Infi'ri'
their vnice'l In heard, in»^ perhnps lie liirilili':
biit. if thi'V rould not uh|nin thiV their sirmnl re-
?uest, linJ if »hc had dttennineil In prifcr the
liiifupii ))^for/• them, Ihej- »lill iiisiitid that
•he' would plai'c thVin everyone in her (nrlres'in;
for if j'line fatal demon had a constant unite
•gaiit'^t Alenander's hoiiai', thev would he wlliin);
to bear llieir pnH, and tu live in n private statiuii
there."
t). As these men aaitt than, and railed upon
Alexander's gho^it for conuniiitr»li>m of those
♦ The nilmlier of .W.IIOO, or even :I(H),IMM1, as one
Creek rnpy, willt the l.aliii riinifs, have il, fnr
Tiara.
alrendjr •! lin, aiiil thns* in ilanirrp of II, all (h«
Iu'bI indi ri I 'ike niit into tear- Init Af'M i J-
lu« i^hinlly I. .nil' inuiiilrnt what were his .fnll-
I nniil*, and u»i<i ni iii\ rt prnnilifnl i iprrssi.iilt
111 hill iiii.ther, |«n*iiii:,'l " NaT, indeen, the rii<«
I i« lhi«', thill il.ty 'liave litin tlli'Mi»rt«e» the all-
I thur« nf Itii'ir iiwn ralaniiln'a, ivhn havi prniiillejl
n ifnlmiii, who, a^ linal rennoii, »a< mad Mnilinui-
I bili'in. Ill i'ii|;ii over ihini, when ilnre nf'W'aniii
I III ihi II iwi rot tin ir ave litteil fnr it." .Sfi AI<1' .
j aniira, nnt kiimvia^' what In do wiih iiny ili'CiJriry, ,
rnmmitlril ihi fnrtri aies to llAili, all liut llynn-
niu, iml Alexandiiiiiii, niid Mii, Inriis, iVlii rr her
I pfiiiiipHl (re mires wrri". After a little wlilU
al*n, klie lent her «iiii AriilnlMilus with an ariiir
' to Itamasi'iiH a;(ainiit I'lnlnny, who wm« c.illcil
Meniniit, who was sni h a liwl nriichhor (u (lin
city ; liiit he did nnlhini; ronSiileriitile (here, anil
I so relnrniil home.
1 •!. Miinit lhi» lime news »v«« Inrini^ht, that 'ri'
^rniii '. th>- kill); nl' Armenia, had made an irni|)-
I tiiin into Syria, with live hunilri'd thonsiind nol-
diiira,' ami was inminn; ilKainat Jiidou, Thi*
I inwi., as may will lie siippnaeir, ti rrified (h«
i|in'inaii<l the na'ion. AcenrdinnU , they sent
him many and very valnahle presents, as also
{ ainlm'i'aitors, and lliat as he wan liesieKini; I'to-
I loiii.iis. for Selini'the ipii en, the name (ha( wag.
nl«ii called ('liiipatra, rilled (hen nvir Syria, who
I had pi isuaded (lie inhatilt.inls to eirliide 'rif(ri>-
ni 1. So (he Ji'wi>'i nniliais.'iil.irs iiiliTceileil with
hiiii, and inlriatid hiiii that hi ivoijld ili terniiii*
nothiii); that tia^i artere ahont their i|iierii (>r na-
tinii. i|e Ciiniiin ailed them for the reapi cti they
p'liil him at so pri ii( n ilii-tnuce, and gave them
K'Hiir linpi > o! nil I'rivnr. lint as annii Hi I'l^le'
iini" was tf'k-cn, news came ttt *rij(;rayi'5 ' *''
l.ni'nlliia. ill his pin'snil of Milhridaten, coi
li)llil ilpiiii him, who was lied into Iherin, In
la\ 111;; waate \riiienia, and hiairKin^ its I'iltt
,\niv ivIk'ii Tipriiiii'.a knew this hi' reliiriied linuil
.1. Aftii' thi", ivfieii the ijiieen was r,illeii indi il
riaii'ji rn.ls ili<(i iiipi r, Anatolnilan n anlved to
atliiiiprthe Hii/ln;;iif tlii' |;">eriiiiiciil ; ao ha
"toll aiv.i.' %vrii liy liy night, with only one of
hi-a "irvaiita, ami lyeiit to Ihi- I'nrticaai'a wherein
I'ia iiii II la, that wire aiicl) frniii the days of hi*
fatlni. Hire ailllid: fnr as he had liei n n ^rent
wliiti' <ri>|iliii-eil at hia iii,ilher'a, eondin't, so ha
I n aa niiw iiiiich innri' nfmid, li."l, iipnn her death,
I (heir wholi' family shniild be under thi' power of
I Ihe I'hariaeea, fur he aa« the inability of hiabro-
I tiler, who Hiia tn aincii'd in the |>overniilen(: rtor
ivaa any one cinacinira of what he wi|i» .doin;>,
I l«it iiaHy his will', whom he left lit .lernaaiini »vilh
1 their rliiMreii. He fiiat of all came tn ARnba,
} where was (lalcatea, one of (In pnten( men be-
. lure mentl.tned.aiiil was reieived by him. When
N( was day (he ijnnen perceived (hat Ariil»biilu*
1 was lied; and nir some time she .sniiposed that
I Ilia departure was not in.ordi r In maxc any iniio-
^ vation; but when ineyenKers canic One after
aiiotlier with the nevvy Cial Ijii Und^eciired- the
lirat pl.i|f,t!. (be secoiwl placti'i)9«):,~ull..,(b<' plarpi,
for as soon as one h,/l.be:;iin, they alfcjtiiibmilleii
1.) his (liapoaal; the* it was ;tliitt ihe Ajieeii and
the nation »vere in/he greB|«al J^fcirdf^for (hejr
were aw.nre lha( il^niild n(<4 t\K Inie ere Aris(o-
linliis would bej/lde tj seltllfrhimself firmly in
the poverninent. What they were principally
afraid of was this, (hat lie ivimhriBllirt pniiish-
mint upon them f.ir the mad trealnient hia hniiae
h'ld had from tiieni; so the\ cesntyed to tifce hia
wife and chillreh iiili ciiat'idv. ond keep them
in the fortresn that was iiVer the temple.+ Now
(here was n nii):hly cniilliiv nf people that Caiua
wbirli'snniMsea ti'ein lait tlMNH).
t Tl i u fmtfo ss i e nsi le, or lower, whitliw tli e .w l O,
ncs'Kitrniv. Ilial rime out of Ariiieaia into Syria and anil rl.ilrtrcii of A'is'o'ai^iw were now sunt', nn4
Jiiilen, sieihi. iiiiini IMi large. We tuive i;a.l alreailv whlcli evcrlookeil tac teniiile, rijald be no otliar
«»eralsn"iiextraya7anlHnmlmr«hi Joae|iJiHS'a|irciii'iit | ihnu wlial llyriajnis I. lilill, Aniiq. h. ivlil. clinp.
eopieB.wliicharcnmio^catiill a.<irji«d (o him. Af ■ I (v. apel. .1 ami Ilcroil flic- Crcat re^aiill. anil lalM
tordiujily 1 iiK'linc lu LIr IliiUsun'sciiiemlatiuii here, ! tha Tuictr of ^ntonia, An(li|. b. xv. cjiap, xi. aect. S
'V*
t
tm
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEW8.
to Arniobuluafrnntll pirti, tn*oiiiurll ihd ho hail
* kinil of riiynl ■llriiiUn«o nlmiil Itiiii ; lii^ in litllr
niitra Ihaii All«t'ii ilojra h» (ul twuiil) -Iwii ilriiKK
p|«i «>, Mfhii h nvti hiiii lh<i iiii|i<irluiiilv nC rui'inK
■n anny fniiii l.lliiiiiut liiil Tnt) bonilii, mul thr
liiimitrr-lui fur iiirii «r« rttxiy Inil by thr Brrali-r
nuiiilirr, nnil tmily •uhinit li> tlMili; Ami limiiirt
ihii, Ihnl hy »llnr<iinf him tlifir amfitlnnra whfii
he coiilil mil r»|>t'i'l i(, (h»y, lli^Wrllii li«, •houlil
hnvi' Ihr iiilv«iil«K«a llml woiilil roiii« liy hi'k
bciii)( king, lii'caiiM! (hry liitil iHrn ihv im'i'ikIuii
of hi> giininr the kingiloni. Nut* the rhirn iff
(ha Jewi, mill llyrrnnuii with thrin, wrni In until
. th«i qiirrn, nnil il»iir«i|, "tlifit nhii wuulil Kivi'
thrill hrr •rntiiiirntt ah lut 1f\^ prruiil |>ii«lUrr
of iiiriii'i, fur Ihnt Ariitiiliuliiii w«» in rlfrit I'inl
of iiliniiiil all thr kinK.loiii, liy pofi«t»in|c of io
niuuy (IrunK bolilt, and that it vrt» abtiinr fur
(hrili to i»kt: liny roiiniil hy thriiiirltci, htiw ill
(oevtT ihr wrrr, whilat ihr wa* alivri mi'l that
Jha danic'i' would hi: upon thciu in ne> long' liinr.-"
Bflt ahn ■■iinilr Ihriii <hi what thry IhnuKliI pro-
per In br iliinr: that ihi-^ hail niiiny rin- uniftHii-
CM in tlirir faviir ulill n-iiiainiu/t; a natiuu in
(ooil hi'«rt, an army, ami iiionry in their ••»rr»il
Iraaxiirii'ii, fiir thiit »hr bn«l tiiinll rnnrcrn fur
publii: nfl'.iirii nmv, whi-n lh« ilrcngth nl' li«r iHxIy
•Irriiitv fiiilcd hiT."
6. Nnw n littlr whilr afti^r the had mid thiitn
them, ah* diad, when the had ri>i|(ued nine yean.
and had In all livad irvrntythrtr. A wnnian
•hr waa whu ihiiwnl no •ignt of Ih* wrnknraa
of hi-r tri, for ihr w«« MR'"'''"" '" 'h" nrratral
dmrrr i(i lirr iiuhiiion of Kiltrrninr, nml drnion-
•Irati'd hy liar ihiiiiKi atonrr, I'lat liir mind ivaa
At fur ai'lion, and Hint •itniittiiiirt niro IhrniM l«*a
«hiiw thr lilllgl tiiiilrrnlitn.liii);, lh«y havr hy tha
frrrpieiil inUtalir* thry iiiakr in iminl of Kovrm-
iiirnl; lor nil* alwayi prrforrrd Iho prrtriit (o
hlliirily, and (iirfrrrrd lh« |Kmrrnf an iin|i«rioiM
irmiiiiion alwfi) all thin({«. and in roiiiiiaruon of
thai had nii rfK""' •'> *'»>' *"' K'""'' "J '•''••
wax rlRlit. HoWrvrr, thr hroUKliI ihe aRitir* of
hrr hounr to ■uiih an onrurliiniitr rouilition. that
ihr wi|( Ihr iir«-a«i»ii of thr takiHK nwiiy that
aulhiiritv from it. and ihal in no loiiK time afti-r-
ward, w'hii'h ihr had ohtHOU'd hy a vnM nuiiihrr
of haiarlU and nii«lrirtunr«, iind fhia out of a da-
•irr of what dor> not brloiig Io a woniun.iind all
h) a i-oinjilianrii in hrr •rnlinirnU with thma
that tmrr ill-will to Ihrir fumiW, ami hy Waving
thr admini.tration driiilulr of a proprr lupport
ofgrrat nirw: and indrid Itrr niBnap[rm«nt ilu-
ri»({ iirr adminiiitrBlioil, whili' 'Ui: wh» alivr,
wn* »M'"h, an Bllril thr pidiiir iifl'r hrr dmth
with riilailiitli'ii and di«liirtmnrr. Ilowrvrr, al-
IhouKli thin had hri-n h<r way of novrrninij, »h»
prrncrvr't thr nitioii in prair. And lliii la the
L-oarluiion of the aflhirn of Alexandra.
nooK XIV.
CONTAIWINO THE INTBUVAI, OP THinTV TWO YEAB«.-rROM TlfE PEATH OF aUEBl*
AI.KXANDBA TOTIIE DEATH OF ANTlr.ONl'B. ,
CHAP. I.
Thi iy<ir bftwetn JirislohuUii mid llyrranut
abniti Iht Kingdom; and hnv thtv maJr an
AffttmiM thai Jlritlnliulua ihmdil hi Kinif,
oudlfiircanuilirtn iirivaie f.ifr. <i> n/«ii. *fcoii;
l/yrciinM, a littU nfirrward, utai ptr$HaJid hy
Antipaltr Io fill lojlrttat.
I I . VVk have rcliited Ihr allaim of qurou Alrx-
aitilrn, and hrr <l«iith, in the fnirpiing l^)k. ami
will noW anruk of what fullowril, mid Whs roii-
pectcd with Ihmo. hiiiiofii »; ili'clnring, litlori'
we procerj, that wc hnvr nolhinf; m miiirh at
heart b» ll'in, that we mny '""'' iiofauls,' either
through iftnorance or ,ln»ineii». for we lire upon
the hiitury and cxpliratioii,of iiui-h tliintii a« the
rrealmt pari are. uuafipiniiile 1 wilhul. becaine
of their ilisliiuri! from our tiin'm; uml we Him to
do it with a proper beauty o'' ntyle, to 'ht m that
it derived fioin proper flvords Imnnoiiiniiry dii-
poeeii, and from »ueh oriiaiuehts of iipeech AI«o
u mny coBtriliule to the pleusiire of our readers,
that we may entertain the kiiowbdre of what
we write with aonic agrtenhlc aatitliictinn and
pleasure. But the. principal scope that aiithom
ought to aim at abiiye all the reit, in Io npiik ac-
curately, and to «pcak truly, I'or the iatijiracticiil
of those that are olherwiic unar(|ininle.d with
auch tranaactions, and oblij^ed to believe what
theae writer* inform them of.
2. livtcanua then beffaii hi^ high nrieathood on
the third year of the hiiiidrt'd and aeventy-»c-
venth Olyihpiad, when Quiiitus Hortensiua and
Quiiitui. Meiellua, who wa« called Mitellut of
Crete, were conKuli at Rome; whi'O iireaenlly
Ariatobulus began to nmke war egniD^t him, and
U it Came to a battle with Hvrcanus at Jericho,
many of theaoldiera deserted him, and wiiitover
<> nda n i l taK eii n ot i re h ere , very iu a tly, liow Jo w l
•b ]*'« deelarallon, tlifti It was lil« great ron-em not on-
ly •,-? wrile an airrrenhtf^ aa aeettraft, iinil a frne htsio-
wy 'iut oliw diatinrlly not la itmil a«ii Iking [of roime-
aneii e] ciHier iliroiigli lyjioroncr or ;/niiir»», iniplieji,
»•■» .le could nni.ronaiaiciitly Willi liiiilrcaolulloii.ouiit
tti«yuintiolior[iiofamouiapcraoa a«J Jetat.Ckritl.
to hit bmlherj upon which llyrcnnua (led lnt»
the citadel, where Arivtoliuiirs • wife mid chil-
dieii wire impriaoiiid In llreir uiolliir, «» wr
lian- Hiiid ulreiidy, and atlaiki d and overcamv
lhi)»«Jii/i iid\er«iiric» that hud lied thither, ami
Ieij: wllliin the walN of Ihr leiii|de. So when he
had Jtrni a Mie««ii';e to bin brother about agrre-
InKf'the mollera between llieiii, be laid aalde hit
eiiiiiitvto'-hiHKMi these condition", that Aristo-
biilui'nlioiilil be kinRi that he shoiiM live without
ihleniieddlinl; with public nlliiira, and cpiiefly rn-
joj the estate he hiul aiipiired. When thev had
aKrred upon ihene irrma in the telii|dc. aiiu had
confiriiird the agreement with oatha, and the
({iviiiK one another their ri(<lil hands, and rin-
brnciii^ 4ini' miolher in the «i('ht. of the whole
multitude, they departed; the one, Arislobulu*
to the jmlace^ And ilyrcmiua, as a private iiiao,
to the former Imuai^ of Ai i«tobulu».
1). Hut there iraa a crrimn friend of Hyri'nnni,
an Idiimean, called Anlipnler.who waa very rich,
and in bia nature an active and a aeditiooa man;
who was at iiimity with Ari<tobuliis, and bad dif-
fereiicea with hiiu on account of his (food-will to
Hyrcaniia. It la true that NiculuUsorDHinHacMa
taya, that Aniipater was of the atoct of the
..principal Jewa who came out of Kahyloii into
Jiidea; hut that aaserlion of his waa to Kratifj
Herod, who waa hiason.and wlio, by certain re-
voluliona of fortune, caiue afterwai-d to br kinff
of the Jewa, whose hiatory we shall ({jveyuu in
its proper place hereafter. However, litis Aiiti'
pater wai at firat railed Aiifipas.-t and llml waa
hi»fclher's naniraUo; of whom lliey relate this,
that kiiip Alexander and his wife made him pr-
nrnd ol Iduiiiea, aiid that he made a lra;jur of
friehilihip wjlh those Arabinna, and Cnziles. and
Aacalonitea, that were of his own party, and had
tTbat Ihr fgnioiii Antlimtcr'a nr Anilpnil'a fpt'iyr
f — ,-M-M — MHI — I Hl llMH M ni l, , | , , l i T , i, ii i i»i ii i| i i in r , i , t-
waa n'ro ^tiUpa'et or AHtipa; wliirh Iwo niav Jamljr
l-e ea*eei"r(iopeaiid Ihear'nir naiitc. It-o former wlMi a
Crc:l« orOciilile, Hie laller wi'li n lle'Tewir Jrwiah
terniJantina, JnKC|iliiit ii«ra assure* UB,tliough Euae-
lilualnrtevdaayaH was llorud.
DodK Xiv.-riiAP, II.
snu
by muiy iml Ur|a pr««nU, mxt« lliriii hi* futt
frirmlt. Hill iiuw, Ihli yiiuiij^iT Anh|Mlrr mm
•■•|iliiiiiu*<<l llii' |Hiwrr ul^ Arialdhiilua, mill wii*
■CraHl u( Kiiiii' iiiMrlii«tb« nilnlil ilo liliu, Inriiuui
uf hit hiiliiil 111 him. Ill h« •llrrnl ii|t Ihr iiiniil
imwcrfiil III the Jtwa, niiiI IuIki'iI iik*iiiiI ' huii
to Ihi'ia |>ri«iil«'l) i anil mkI, ilml " ll wu> iiiiiuil
III iivvrtiMik lh» runilurl ol Ai i*lo)iulu*i nh.i iiiiil
giilirn lh( aukiriiiniiiil iiiiilKhlriMi<l(, mm itii't-
ml hi« inilli|'r mil uf II, nthii nut liir i-lilrr, ■ml
ou|(hl III rrliuii Mtlini li«|iiii)ii i4 Ui liiiii ll) |iri rii'
(miirc uf hli liirlb." And IIip »aiiiii •iMtcl'ra hr
iMtrprluull/ iiii|i|(i lu llvriniiiii; ■nil liilil him,
ihnt hia uwn lili- wiinlil lit, in ilimKi r, uiiloa lii^
fu^nUil lilin« ll, «iiil |;ot ahul ul Ariai'iliiiliMi
lor hr: aalil, llml iliv iVii nil* ol AriaUilioliM uiiiil-
Itii nu ii|iiwrtunil> iiluiUminK hiiii lu kill hiiii,
■« bci.iK'llirii, nnil mil lirlmr, »nri< lo n Urn liia
prim:i|iHlilt . Iljir^niia K>ti- no I'riilil In Ihrar
wurila III fill, a> liiiiiKf ul u ki'IiIU lia|ri<ili<ui.
■nil linn lliiit ilul mil rnaily uilmil of rnliiinnira
■gHiiial iilhiM' imii. I hit Uiii^irl- iil hit, nut tin-
|iuisliig -Iriin III iHi'iiillr willi piililir ull'iiiin, irtil
wniit of a|Mril,.iii:rrtHhiiiril him lo .i|}|>i ar In a|Mrlii'
lur* lo Lt ilfgl'nt'i'iili' iinil uiiiiiuiily: M'hilr- Aiia-
lobuliit iviia ul A I'unlriiiy l<iii|Hr, an Hiiitr
man, ami iin« of u ((riul tin I kiiiii.iik aiiul.
4. Siiil'v, Ibfri run', Aiili|iiilt:r «,iw lliHt lltrru-
nui illil iiul all. ml In hIihI lit' aaiil, h<' iiivir
I until Bl Ihr limr tth^.ji Ifir (rn%i u( unl, auritt^
irriiit waa nhlnvl'il, hIihIi yt* rull Ihr |H;a«-
ii««r, ihr |iiinri|'iil mtn mniiAn lh« J>w> li ll lb*
ruMiiiry ami ll»il inlu liji)!.!! Mim> Ihria ma*
iinr Hliua,' naiHi »ut Oiiini, « tinliliiina miin
bi^waa, ami lu-hiviil iil ImhI, who, in a 1 1 rlalH
ilr>iiii(lil, hull lira) III tu li.nl In |mt mi < nil In III*
iiilMhr hiiif, Hiiil whiiai' |iriiii'r> Iniil I1.11I In nnl,
ant^ail arnl Ihtni lujn. Ilin man hail hiil huii-
Uttfrlifiulirr Ik' aaH IImiI ihia uuiliun Wuul.l lull
■Kriiil wlilli. Iluwi vir, lh<y hiun^lil hnii lo lh«
Ji Mi'h i'uiii|i, ■ml iliainil, llial at l>) hi* prajira
liii linil iiKir |iiil nil mil l>i ihr ilriiiiKhl, •., |i«
tviiiihl in liia 11 iiiiiir iiiuki' iniprii'iili.iiiaun Ana
liiliiihia, anil tlmai ol hia lai'liun Ami ulnn
upon Ilia filiiaul. ami lln iiruaia ihul hr miili,
li« nntatill lit llir niullilliili' runip<.lliil In >ii<'k.li
hr atniii! np in Ihr miilalnflhriii, anil aaiil, "O
(mmI, Ihr King- (vf llir Wlmlr nnrhl! amir tl.itaa
Ihat aliiml miw null liir an- lli) pruplr, iiml Ihua*
llml uri' III >i< Kill urr iilin III) |>rii»la, I hi ■•nil
lh»r, Ihal limn will nrilhr; hrarkiH In Ihr pmjT"
rra of thiiar iIkiimkI lln ir. nor hrinir In afliil
uiiU ihi »•> pruy UKaiii<l lhii«< " \Vhirriipu4i
aiirli tvl'ki'il Ji wa iia i,t t iil>^iiil him, aa *>iiihi
hi hr luiil iiiaili' lliH prill 1 r, ainiii il Inm In.ili ti|1i.
'i. I'.mI (iiiil pniiialiri/ ll,i in iiiimoliiiuly lur
lliia till ir Ii'irliniilv , uiiil Innli vriii^iiincr nf I hi 111
. lor thr iiiiinlrr ol Oiiiiia, in llir 111 tiinrrliilluw-
ca^iril, day by iltiy, In 1 hariri I, n,i.i il 1 riiiira [ inn uliilrlhr prl<>l hii'I Arishiliulua wrri li«-
pon AriiluliuluK, ami In r:ilunini,ili him hi lurr ' ai<;i;i 1, il happrniU ihul ihu fraat cullril ilia
""" "' ■' ' ■■ '■ ' "' ■ ' ■" ' ■ ■ 1.1.' p„,„n,f m,, ,-,,iii,^ 1,1 iviin h it la our i'it:<|.im. lu
iillir a ifrr.il nniiihir ol' ^iirriliria. lu (ind; but
ihn-r lliiil «rir njlli Aiiahiliulii* iiiintid mi rl-"
liri«. niul ili'airrl llml lln ir I'oMiilrtnn n willuiul
nnnlil fiiriii«h ihrm nilh am li am rilH r>, ami ul-
aiiriil Ihiiii till) aliiiiilil hi'Ar a-'iiiiii'h iiiniu') fur
thrill 111 liny tlioiilil I'raiii : ami »hrn tiny re-
ipiiriil lliriii lo |iii) ,1 thiiii-iiiiil i!r;Kliliin' lor I iii'h
hrii.! Ill I'.-iljlr, Ariiloljuhi^ miil llir prirrlanill-
ini,l\ iintH>tiio|i In )iay lor litriii iirnirtliiigly,
if'tliiiar tVilhlii III (limn llir mum) ovrr ihn
ifiill<i mill |;iiM< it llii'Mi. Hut will 11 tlic otliria
nil Iririviil il,Tlny did iinl ililiiir thii mii ri-
liri.^. Iiilt iirVlvril III lliiit III j;;hl of (vickriiiirM
n» t.i liriNik llir iit«lirOiri« lln \ had eivtirt niul
hr (rmlly of impirly Inivarita I'lO'l, "V not llir-
hnn, na if hr In d a niiml In kill Inm. uii I vi, liy
Hr)^ul|f h^iii |H rpriuiilly . hr nouiiii liiiii. uml
uciauadril liiiii in lly lu Arrtaa, tlir kiii)( ill Ar.i-
bia, and pruiiiitril, Ihnl if hr wi.iiM lutiipl) mih
bia advii'c, hr wuiild alao hiiiiailf naaial hini,
[■od );n with him. I Whm llyr'anua hriiril lliia,
ne auiil thai it fvua fur hia uilmnlii|fr In lly iiuiii:
(o Ar«la>. Nutv Aniliiuian rnuiitiy lh,it lionlira
upun Judra. Ilntvivi r, llyri iiiu« anil Aiilipii-
(cr lirat lu Iho kill); nf AniliiH,in oidrr In ri iriv
■■■iii'aiK'ra. from hull, Ihnt IV lint hi khniiM 1
Ml tilt' iilwiiiur uf 11 aiipplirunt In him, lip iv
noldrlivcr liiiii up lu-liii tin i.iii",. Sii Aiitipi
baring rri:ti«rd anrh h'-niiruiiii a, iiiniiud I
Ilyrciiniia lu Jirnnulini. Aw!iili: uI'lrHiiril In-
louk llyri''inua,Hml alult i>ul ul llik 1:111 liy i.i);l.l,
•nil wriil u (cnni ji.iini.'i, iini! iiiiiii' nn.l bioii^l.t iii.lnnj{ uiii'ai llmt' i' Jiiiliii lliiiii tvilli -aii llVii 1.
hiai ti' Ihr I il) liilUil I'lliH, win'-, llii piiLiir ol • Anil « lirn llir pri. «ti fi.Uii ' liny \m\ In in cln ul-
Arrliia WHS aiid ii« hr Hua n nr\ rmiiliir iViviid |.,l, and liiiit llir i;(;ri'(i,,,'iil . Iliry hnil iiiiiile
oftbiit kinfc.lir prrauiiiird him tolirinn liink il) r- wi ir vinl^.lid, ll rv pnyid ■ 1 r, ,; ilmi liiY»,iiilJ
caniiainluJuiliu, ilnd hia pri'au.i'ioii hr inliliiiin il
avrry i\Ay ivilhuut any iiil, riiiii-viiiii. Hr nNo
proiioaril In iii.ikr hini pnai iili uii ih il iitroiiiil.
At length hr pirvoilrd uilli Aritua iii hia ami.
Murruvri-', llyrninua pruiiliMii niiii, ih it t%lirii hr
liad iH'rn limnt^ht Ihithii', and had rri'iMvrd Ida
kiogduiii, l|r wiiuld rotoir lliiit rouiiln , and : S) riii, tvliilr lir wiia li
thoac livvlvc cilka which hia I- ihrr Ali «aiidcr ' liiakiiiK war with 'I'itiram
^vr|l^l' tlirni on lln ir roiintry i.i.il.. Nur diil he
ili'la) lliiit ihrir piiiiialiinriil, Init hi'iil'6 air. iig
and vihiMiiriil ''loriii id wind, lliiit dialniyrd the
Irnila uf ihr whoir riiiiiili" .till :i iiiiidiuauf whrat
«n< thru lioiii(hl I'orilii'rn drarhnia'.
Ill thr iii*:intii'in; l'iini|H']/ arnt Hrnurua into
in Amirni.i, uml
but will II Soai.'iia
vfii iiriii
'llnnH'V
liini'ilf
had lakrn fruiii thn AruMani, whirh wrrr Iliia. , 1 wa, fonir tu Damaao.a, a.. . iouiid ll.iii l.nllini
Mcdaba, iXutmllu, 1/iliiaa, 'riii.i'iih'iaa, A-Bala, ' und VIrl. lhi» had iiri\lv ukt-n Ihr ntv, hr 1:1111a
Athonr, Zour, Orun», Mnriss.i, Iti.ilda, tu»sa, | hiiii-rll" hi.tily iiiti Jliniii. Auduliln li« ivai
■ndUrubu | comr tiiilirr. ainhii-i.i'iui- runir In l.ini, hulh
CIlAI*. II. ' I fi ini Arl>.loli>iilii» Hiid llyi'i;anin,an'; iiolh'iirsil'ed
»»,„ a_ , ' 1 M, _ J ». ..,. ! Ii« wuulil aiaiftl tlirin. And wlirn ln'th m' tdani
ff*!. ^rr/M anrf mrc«nu# m«-/o nn ^,,p«J,ho« ' ,,„,|,,,, f, „,. ,,|,„ „„„„ Analnl,„l.../l<,ur
T/'i^i s" ? . r ii *"'Yf'^-^'7"'"«.; Imnilri'd lulini,, and Hnianu. no Jra.. l/e «-
ana hull' \caiirii$, lue If pion (lrner<il, rataed ....:...' . . • ' r^y
ih* Siei^c. ( 'onceritDt^r iltr Dtath »f Onini,
\ I. AfTEIl Ihrir pr. unaia had lircn (jivrn to
Areliia, hr nimlr 1111 i xpi'ililimi nj^ninst Arialubu-
|.lid of Aiikl ■lM;ln«'» proiniar, for l.r wiV rich;
and ilr«.,ril lu i.'|./ni 'n»r
nr
. . ,. bla
lua, with an army 01 hlly t;..,U'wni! hornr and preiniara in bojwa uf grratrr nd»iinl:i.vr«. lor it
"•t'lenallle. Ami whrnafiii iv»» not t'lrnaiiic (hill;; to li'kr •« rjiv ilint «'«■
and lull' II ]^rr,tK aiiul,
tiling hutvvhat w.ia iiiniU rati/; ivh. n as
naa poor, an I ttnu'iiniH, miiiiiiM
1)1^ Jill-
tii:r|.'.'ib
fool, and Ileal him in
thai virtiiry, ni.inv mill ovrr In llyican'ia iia^r
•erlirs. Ainl.ihnloa ivi.a Irll ill aol itr, in..' Atid lo
/eriL'alinii upon u-iilih :hr !''. . of Ai'.tliia liuk
•11 hid Hriiiy and iiiii'li: iin aM.tull ufHiU thr t«ni<
pir, an'l hrsii IC'd VriitiilMil'iH I' •rrin, 4lu pro-
rxrcri'in^ atruug and piiirrii'iil, aa il wna to * vi'X
olilofiiii I'oiiiilry aniitr ,n{;:'tivr^j with u t,'*'. l<r
niimhcr uf N.ili:ariiii<, nhn \\< n no vtry i.\ ilika
prinilr. Ilr, thrn f..r<!j ni r'r an a:fr*< il "it ' ilk
Ariitnbniiiif, fof il r riiniii^ I'll'o 1 o. iiiui.t:il.
.r^. ■ '.M'..;
plr, alill Hiipp'.n-iiii.r ||yr, ,.d-,,.iiid 1 -mllllj; f.lin and took hia iiinmy. rn'l r.o-n.l ihr »ir:.i , rnd
ili.lht'irirne.whiU- ii.Hi" hut lln ,,1" d." r iiitinued urdrrrd Aril la In drpiil, or ri-ii hi- ■ .i-'i'i' b#
with .\riatiiliiiliia So An mi, iiiiili!,? the furiia dpi ;,ir«i! an rnenn lo Ihr Kinniiiia. SiSnii-u»
of ihc Ar.ibiiini Knd nf the •'tws loiiil'nr, jiri nlnrurl'lu iJuiia-i'ii- .Iginiaml Arinn '.i.lj*,
preaaed ou the aiegt vii:»rouely. A> tFiia ban- with a gicat ariiiy , .ii«i!)! war wilb Aicl»»iuiit
•*' ■ ' . ■ Z
h
!tNO
ANTiyiMTIKH OF THK JI'.WK.
llypi'aniM, Kml fnufbl llcm *l » iilwo ralUil
rii|>;r>>ii, kIKl luit iDaiiu la Jh« IhiMU , mil •!• w
aluiiit »» IhuiihiiHl <il IIWu'o '«)' ' >*>*l> whl^u
flit I'ktiioii did), ibf luotClriii Aiillu«t»r.
C'llAI'. III.
//ill* JlriHi>l>ulu$aMtt Hj/rraAunrnmt la Pnmptf,
m »ri/i I- /"(iripiir ii*i( i» .|, ft/ /« ftiii'r (ft* Klfg-
lium u/iii ftuHi, iiioiit (An Hlghi Kj'.ltttlnliuliil
l» Ikt h'utlfiu AUtanilfiuiit, fum/Ki) hJ ht$
,'lrm\i »ir«iiiil hiM, ami urdirfl Imnlit Jilittf
Uf tki h'urlrtutl lehtii/ht imi fntltUiiL
I I. A i.rrrii: uftirwunl I'Miupry rnnM in
|l.iiiiii><'ui,.iiiil nwrrlirtt utrrl '■■•Icotiiii, nl whivli
Hull' llii rii iniii* uiiil>a*<u<liir< tu Iiiih friHii nil
S)ri«, aiic. >'.K)|)I, mill ma .il Juilm »Un^ for
Ari>li>liulit> hiiil Mnl hill) • (rrni iiroinl, which
nii« ■ Knl'li'n mm I* of'ln* uiliic nr liw hiiiiilriiil
t.iltiiu. .\uw Sinilio iiC ('ii|'|i>ilori« iiirnliiini
(liii pfuriit In IliniL. Marilu " 'I'htn cuuu aliu
Nil i'lMhii(*iigt' uut lit K^jpl. mill K rnmii iil Ihr
vulu<< lit I'liir IhiiiKuiiil |J('i'i'i hI k>>IiI, milt mil o(
Jiiiick ttixri' cniiu' uii >thi r, Aliithi r )imi tulltl ix
vIlD' or n Kiirili II ; Ihry culUtl l^r ihluK ItMHitM,
Tht V'li^ht. Iluwrvir. wii ourtrtvit miw llial
lirtx'iil r> )Hi<iliil ut Hoiiir in ilii> ri'iii|ilr i>l Jii-
jiltir <'ii|iil Juiiii, tvtih ihia inM'ri|ili'iu, 'flit r\fl
Hf, lU^aiiilir Ihr kutg i/lht ,/«ifj. It «ii« mrtnl
ut flw- liiiiiilrnil lultiUa, anrl thu n |Kirl !■>, ilial
ArHlniiulii-, till' Kovrrnur ut lh<- Jawa, iint tl.
'i. Ill II link liiiD' arurwaiil ciiinn niiilmxailurH
aa;tiin l» |iiiii, Aiiltjiulir I'ruiii llvriiiiiiK, niul
Ni(Mil»iiiu> iriMii Ari«liil<ijilii<{ wliii'li laalnU ini:-
riiU'il tii< Il at Imil taken liriiin, Ar>i (tiil>iiiiu>,
anil lliin Sriiiirii4, ihr oiin thrrc liniiili'iil tilli-nl*,
•mi llir iitiii'r liiur hundrail: hv Which iim''iiilurr
h<i niailr thi'in Ino hi* ciifiiriia, htalilo thoKT
he hinl licfiin-. Anil wh«ii l'(iiii|>ry linil iinliriicl
lho»K lliut liHil runtr iicrmcii iiiui with iiiinlhrr lo
Cuiiit to lilin in the in ginniiiit of ll'in iiiriii)^, he
l)ruu|{bl hit nrni}' uiil uf lliiir wiiurr i|iiui trri,
onil luan'licil Into thr cuuntrv m' DiininM'uii; iinil
ai he went alun)( h>' >l«iiiuliivfic<l Ihn cllailil thai
waa at A|>,i«iia, whlili Anliorhua ('yiicrniia hail
builli.uiHl tuok coKnlfnnri' of the loiinlry of I'tu-
Icniy MriiMiun, ■ ivicknl iiian. iinii not h'la an
than l)<on}'ilua u( 'i'i'i|ioli,v. Iio hiiii lion hrhcuil-
•il, wliu whk aUi) hi» rililiini by iniirriiiKK;. yd
dill h<r buy ull' tli« |inni^h|iu'nl of hia criiiii'' for
• thoiiaiind lalvnta, itIiIi nliich niunry ToniiKy
paid the •ulilirra tlirir wiiKra. lit' alao niniiui'r-
cd Ihi! pluci' citlled Lttids of which Silua, n JmK,
wap tyrant. Anil vt'licn lie hud |iaaa«il uvrr wi
citici u( llrlii>(iolii uiiil (,'linlc|a, iiml j;ol over the.
iDountuin wliii l| ia on the liinil of (.'icloayria, he
came fi'uni I'tlln to Ditinuaiui; and there it wut
that he heard tlin ciiu«r<i of the Je\va,aiiili<rihelr
governoia llyrcunnt luid Ariatohnliia, who were
■I dilierenre one with nnother.ns alto nf the na-
tion avgilnil them liith, whicli did not deairr to
be under kl|i|;lj|.|4pvi'riiiiieiil, bccauae the form
of rovernmeiii Ihej' received from, their fure-
fatlTerii wai that nf^ aubjection In ihe pricata of.
that tiod whom they worahipped, ami [they com-
pluiiied,] tliat thiiugh Iheac two wen- the pea-
terity or priejta, yet did they aeck lo change the
government of their niition lo unolher form,, in
order to enalavu them. llyrt:Hhu« coiiiplttined,
that although he were the elder brother, he wai
deiirived of the nrero(;ntive of hi« birth by AriTit.i-
buiui, und that he hath ^ut a (inall part uf the
aTlilif lUn Bla«,or jran(<m,MCii hvHtraho at Kpme,
haa lia iiiaerliHIon I'ercaa if il We'e I' e «lft of Alexan-
der, llie ruilier of ArlaioMu'ua, mid i>ol of Ariatnhiilua
hlinaeir,to wlioni yet joaa'pliiianiriliea il ; ami iiionlcr
lo lirovc ll-f Ifiiiii oftlmi nnrl of til» liiatory. Iiilroiliirca
ntiriHtlmony orSiralio; «o t!ial ll.c onlliiiiry injiiiN
Mem 'o Iw hpre citlicr erroncolia or dclirtive, nut llio
oriKiiial leailm^ aiH'iiui to hiivo limn « ilher Armliibulut,
lattentt ol jjlrrtnder, with one (irick copy, or elae
*^(«taAi«, lAt (M cfAlmutitr, with tha Ijiiin eo-
roiinfr) unilfr K>w, AriitiJinlua h.iting taken
nwwf III* raal frum hmi by bircc lU aim tut-
euuil bun Ihul the hn iiraiona whiih Ihid Iwen
I iiiiiiU )nt>i llieir niii,hl»ira' roMiilPiia, aii<l iha
plraiiea that had hten ut am. Men mhIiik liilimii
ami that the nalmn nimlil nil hnv<' ntotlad,
iiiilraa Arialolinliia ha'l lietn a nilSTr Kitrn In
violritre and ill'iiriler, and Ihirr wrraa ni fewer
than a thi>ua>inil J<wa> ol the txal eaticm HiiionK
. lilt m, who coitArmrd llna aernaiilion i nliiihcin'
llrniallon waa proriireil tiv Anti|inlrr lliil ^p|•■
lobulii* allrKed hkhhI'-I limi, that II wwa llyrr*-
nu4'aownlim|ier, whiiJi will inactive, and gnthal
aei;oui;t cnntiinpliiilr, which e.uiiieil lilni lo he
deprived ol the jioirrriiniMiti and ihiH for hunatlf
he WW nreeNilaiid lo Uke il l*|Hin Wi, fir iViir
Il al II ahoiihl be liaii'frrrril lo nlhrrt. And th t|
aa lo hIa title [ni kfnK,{ it wua no ulln i lli.iii
nhiil Ilia liilh< r had luki,M i i)c(iiri him. | He alax
'ailed lor «t.itilia<ea ol what he anid, aoiiie j>»r.
tuua who were bulb ,Vumij{ uiul iuauU'u4j ty(w>Mi
piir|de (nriiieiila, tine heiiil' id hiilr, and uiiier
iiiii.inienia, wire delaall'il. [Iiy the court, | imd
Mlihb thev.n|ipeared l^i.liol la tlioiiKh tin nere
to plmii inair niu«r in u court of iuai|i>,1inl aa
r'
ere miin'liiii;^ In a iioiii|ioMa proce-<|iiii.
:l. Wlieii l1ini|Tey had lie nl ihe ciin-ei ol
iheae two, and hid ci ml d Ari>lohuliia fot
hia tiident pinceilore, be ihi ii tiike iivilly to
llirm, iiiid tl lit lliriii iitvii^ ; unii told tliriij, l>iiil
VI hen be i .^iic iiuiml lulu ihi ir ronnlr^ be would
ai ttle h|l tlnir iij!iiir<, Hiiir be I, nil lirni t:ri,i n •
vieiv of till iilliiir- ol ll)i KnI'.iliuna. Iiil'iannau
lime, he orilere.l iliein to l» ipiiel ; uml tieulrtl
ArlxtobuliH ciiilli , b .it III alioiiM niuke tlie mi-
liwii revolt, uml liindi r lila return; whi' li yit
Ariitnlinlna did; tor willioiil e>|iectiii)( .iiij liir-
tiler dett riiiinulion, nhii h I'ompi v hint pnuniaeil
tliiiii, lie ui'iit to tint city ol In li|.|a, ami them*
iiiiitiJieilililo Juden.
>l. Al thia Ixlmvior I'ompey nut uii);rr : nnd
tiikini; with him ihni army wliich he »ua 1> . 'iii^
! iiK»iilal (lie Nibi.li lint, uml the Hiudmrii ■ ili,it
j ciiiiie frum llamHiuiK, ant the ollii r p , ta uf
|S)ria, with the other llniiiiin b'^ioiih \tliii h lie
, Imd Willi him, he m i.le an expi illliun mfi>i<i>t
Ariolobulua; ImiI nWie piated by I'ellii und N y-
thniHiliH, he Clime lo I 'iire:e, which ii liie lirat
I nVunce into Judiu u|ien one piinaca oti r iht
ml'lliiml ciiuiitiiet, ivhiru he cuine lo uiiin>t bum
I tilul fortreaa tliiit waa hiiilt mi Ihe lop ol u iimiin
I tnin, culled AlexHIKIrliim, whitliir All^lliblllll■
; iiud lied, nod tneure I'mnpey aent hl'< i .uiioiuniia
to him, tliHl he ahoulil ci.ihe ti him. .\ccoi ding;
ly, ut Ihe petaiiivaioiiB of iiiaiiy, tliut he would
' liot make wnr with Ihe Hoiimiia, he came il inni
t and when he hud diapnti il with hlal/rothrr ulii'Ut
< the ri|;ht to the KOV'hoient, he went iiji ai£'Mti
' lo the citadel, na^'ompey gave him leave to lio;
' and thia he dhl two or tliree linn «,aa ihiite-iiig
I hiifiailf with the hopea of huviiig the kiniiilyin
granted him; ao thol he alill prelemled In wnUld
I obey Toiiipey in whtit4ue\i r li< i itimiiiimii .1, »l-
j though ul the anme lime, he ri lirtii lo hia I'orr
I treia, thai he might not ilepreaa himailf too low,
and that he might be preparitd lor u war, iu r.ite
I it thoiild prove, na he leared, timt I'umpey <hould
] trunifer tlie gorernnifnt to llyrctinna. lint whaO
l'om|iey enjoined Arialoimliia lo deliver up the
furtretni n he hi hi, and In ai nd an injtim'l,..ii- to
their governnra linder iiht own hunil, lor limtimr-
poae. t.>r they had been forbidUeU todelin.. ti.ea
plea; which IkhI aeeina lo nie ttie moat |ir«l>i<ii!e for u
lo A rrlihbhop trailer °a roiiJiTlu-ei., inrn \l. luniler
mnde I!, anil ili'iliCMteil il to Tml in tl'C leiiipir, iiui ibat '
tlienre AriaKiliiilua look it, a'lil M'nl ii lo i'oHi . y, 111:7
lire lotli Very iuipni lmlli' liiia niun , «i- fe..ii..;e . , Jo-
^
^
aepliua, w:.o wiiuiil l.arillv linve avuiitel me ."r'nul'iig
InUIi llieai' uiii'uiiiuioii |H)iutH of iii^lory, Hnd .e t,'tu .aa
any lliin^'of Itieni; uOrwu^lil eiiiicrll'e Jewlal' 'igOaaf
or even I'omiiey hiinwir, tlien haTC ratlauad audi i> Utt-.
gruit InttaoC* of nurUege.
.«'^-
BOOK XIV.-<|IAr. IV.
Wl
up Npmi my oth* r rommaaili. h* tnlttiiin^ i#,
4i<Mt lit <lik Ki, kill ilill li» nlirol in illiploxiirr
|0 JvrKMl'iH, (lul niaila pr*|iiiriili>in fiir tiir A
Itlll* ■I'lur ihu, inrtiiln |Mra<in> < aiii* out n1 l'<iit<
IM, *flil liirnrniol I'liniiir), ■•hi WMuii Ihr mi),
•ml riin<t»flMtK lii« uritiy ■[(imiH Ari*l<>uul<i*,
lli*i ^lithriil«l«« HUM il««il, wij wM •lam bj hi<
Min niiariiMix.
CMAP. IV.
//»«• /'fiinf'v- *''^"* 'A' '''^'' '">* <!f-fir«fl"» t^'it
thi ilmlii HfralHtl hilix. hititgrj (A< ''•'«• anit
liw* |y /ly hrf»i M a/m i«Aal o/^r TMngt
h<iJUttiJi,Jta.
pitrhnl H« riiniBliiihin (ihf wkII.'i "
iMrlilMhi tillltilr, wha»r it Mil luiul {
Bui •»!'
AM |h« norlh
|if«<li<iibli(,
rii I'll tiMt aiil* till r« tvtrr |rr*l l'iw»r*.
mill i« illti'k III.) Immi tliip, «ii,| K ilirji «tll*«
Iwifirl ll rituiiil «I»imI, i.m .hi Hid |w»U InivlirtU
th« •!)> Ml r> |imi|ii<ia, itii<l Ihv hrhl||« .m
wbltli I'liiiiin > Imil Knlli'it III Mm lirnViii iliiwii,
biiilrrVrr, iinjiili wil* rnixil i| it by lUv. »ilh •
(nal ilriil iiK l.ilMir. wliili »)ii It.iuKtnt ■ ut iIumii
iiiiiliri>il< I'lr It frnni Ihv |i|.ni, (■ Ill iilf„i,t
•nij mIi»ii Ihia FhiiiIi wi» ■iilfii iriitlt riiaril, yiiil
thr llllih Itlti li 11)1, lllHI|rli ImiI ihi ilfl, liy ri'llailli
iif It* liiiiiK'no' ill |itb, b* >'i'ii»i(iil hi« iii>. b iiiimI
»iiKiiu< uim| b.iili riii|( r^iii* Iriiiii 'l)r«, nitil
I I. Now wbtil l'iini|»y liul (lilrlliil hU ramp { plaH ii>|i Ibniiiiii'llii bmili, be Imlli rnl ll»' l'iii|iU
•I irrb bi>> (whi'ri* ihn |i(ibii-!r**i< vrfivti,* niiil i wiib (!>•' •t>Mii'« Itmt Hirr tbr<>mn iikii|ii«i ii
Ihal Iwlamii whii'b la an uiiiliiirnl iif alt tlir iihial I Ami bvl ft mil luaii uur |iruilii'r, Iriini Iba il ■)«
prariiiua, wbirb, ii|hiii any iiii lainii iiialb' lit iha | ii( iiiir l.irclxlbi ra, to ml i/n tin ••trnlbilny.
IfiMiil with * aharii alMiir, ilutlla nut tlitiK'i' liki' i Ibia bunk ciiibl nrtrr li.iva birii |><'i'lirli il, !■«
k^ut^i.) Ill' iiiArrnail In (bi- iii'irHiiiK tn J< iiku- raa*<iu >'( Oio ii|iiKiaili>Mi II i' Ji wa «\<ii|lil hiiti
lam. llfrl'ii|Hin Ariainbulfit ri|H'iilai| »l' Hbiit [ iiiailri fur Ibmr^n uur Inwa givr iia bav* llii ii ■<•
ha waa iliiiiiK, ami laina l» I'lMiipv), ami f|ini- i ilrlniil iiurailtc* a(>iinai thiiar ib.il biHin |ii CiKbt
mlaail ti>| ifivi' biiH iiiiini V. ami ri'i'rltril him mln ivilb ua, ami iiaomlt iia, ii t li ilioaimi |Mrn»l iia
Irruaulriii, ami ili airnl llmt b« Mt<>Ml<l liavr nil to iiiritillo wiib uur iiii'uiiia hIiiIv iIii) iIo aii^
thai wiir, anil ilu nbal liv |>lr«aril |iramibly. tin tlfliiK • Itr.
I'uinmry, H|Hin hia rntriui), roraa** him, timl |
:>, Willi h Ihinc wbau ihv I)>iMiaiia uiulrratiiiiii,
on ibiKi ifii)') »bi> b t\< lull S.ibbiillia, Ibi'y
t4iri I* nutbiiiK nl thr Jihi, m<r I'anii to any
|ii|i bill Uitllc laitb tli'iii, liul niixil U|i tbilr
iiirlbin biinka, ami biMMi(bt IlifU' rii|(liii'« inlii
•iii'h l-ii'WHr>liM«a lliHf iluy iiii{bt iln rtci'uliun
till rilliiwlnn ijnya .. ^rlii iiriy ,uiii< iniiV liiiK'a'
ll .irii li'itv ki'xy Kri'Kt pit ly ui t^mnUi lulu aril*
.- _ , , ., ..,- liiitl, iiiiil (lir i»'>^inath ,- h; h * lawa, aim'r tlia
rlly, which waa atmnK un airary alilr, iViTnliii;; I |irii ala nirc nntlll nil biiiili :< ^i iriiiii lh< iranrrnl
ih« iiiirth, whiifh Waa nul §» wi-ll fnrliliril, Tir i iii|ini<lrnlkiir«, by tbilr I, ir tliiiiiK tbii Itltgr,
(hrra w»a * brnml ami ib'iip ilitrh ihiit aiiiiirii- | biit "I'iil attll tniri' it iliit, in Ibn I'lirriiinif, iim4
paaaail Iha rity.tuiiil lurlmli'l within thr trni|il*.i^U|ltiiul tin ninih hmr. (>l!i r llinr •ainlln i on thr
- ,_ ,. , ,. -''»»
iriit llabiniua, mill » ililicra wilb him, to ri'i'i i
(lia niiuiry ami iIid rilt ; yit wir< no purt of lliia '
parfiirniril, but (iabimua raiii<> bni'k, baiiiK both
•tcliidail out of tbf fit) , iiHiJ riTfivhiK Itunr nl
th« ni'liirv priiuiMi'il, lirraux' ArU|iibulii<'a til'
(ticra woufil nut iirrinit ll'i iiKmiiKnla to bi' rxr- '
outail, At thia l'iiin|)f'y waa vi ry aititiy', himI fiiit
Arialobulua into |iri»iiii, iiiiil i iiinii biniti IT lii tlir
whir.h WH« ilai'lf niirniiiiiiiaacil about with i^ viry
•lroli| alunr wulll
3. INow thin- waa n aritillon oC Ihi- nini thiil
w. ri' Miihin llir I'ilv, ivliii iliil not HKri;i hIhiI
waa tu III) (lon<! in till ir iiriarnt. riri'iiiiialanl'c*,
•rhild iiiinp thouKhl il brat tii iblivrr U|> thr
C»ly to l'oni|M'y ; lint Arialubiiliia'a jHirly i xhortnl
them lu ahiil thr Kaira, bii iiiai- hr vnn In pi
in priiiin. IVow thrar prrtrnli il thr othrra, ,in I
•Itonl III! niiiih biiic (>i!i r Minr
fflliir; mil iliil lliry oniil lliu^i' aiirriiu a, ll niiv
' imliini'liuly imiitiiil hH|i|»'M> I by thr alinii n thai
llir iitu iini.iiiir Imrir . > r iiltlMoif^li ihr rilt
t.(i I I'M 1.1 fr <■
lip'ill till III, Iln
wnv ill llir I,
•aiiRil U|Hin thr Irniiilr, ami i iit oil llir b|i'iK« oHi rril llir "in rai<
wua luki n nil thr ibiiit uioiilli.) uii thr il .< il li i'
I'll"!, iipwi Ihr liniiili' ll mill ti iiniy.niiKli Olvl,.
plii.l. wilt II, (Null* ^ iitniiiiii i.iul .Muriel 'I iilliiM
iiti I riirMi| ihi II b'il
till < I'll.lla ul IJiiiav ibiil
ii:l i'.,iihl lint Ihiur llmt
b*i tiimjittlril III rtiii attiiy,
whirh rruchnrfroni it In Ihr I'ity, nml prrp,irril iirilhrr by llii I'l ir liny iMiir in of llnir own
thrniirlyra In abiilr ii airKi'; liiil Ihr olhrra it I liiia, mil by llir liuiiibi r lh:<i n4 rr iilriuly al liii,
mitlril l'oHi|)i'y'a nriiiy in, uml ilrlivrml iin bulb I u» thinking it hi llir |.i aiillrr whnlrtir luiiw
ihnrit^ nml Ihr kiiifr'apiihimoblin. So I'nuipry U|kiii Ihrni, mI (Jirir vi r\ ultir^. tliun In omit iirty
acnC hialirulcnnni I'iaii willi ml nriiiv, mill plan <l I tiling ihiil Ihrir liwa mpiiri'il ol (biiii. Ami
(■rriaona both in thv ril\ ami jn llir (mhii'r, to ; tbiil lhi< la nol n iiirri brii;i, or uii rminiDuiii lit
MCUIW thain, ami forliliril ihr honara Ibiit joinril iiiaiiib at n ilr^rrr ol' our pirly lb it wua luUr, but
to thr teinplr; ami afl Ihnar whii-h wrrr iiinrt: ia Ihr riNil truth, I iippral In tluiar lli:il huaa
iliattitit, knil wilhoiil it. Ami in Ihr drat phirr, urillrn oflhr luts nl' l'oiii)iryi and hiiidiiK lllriii,
be oATrrril trrina of ari'oiunioiliilinn lo thoaii to Sli.ihi'i mul Mrohiuntur li.iiiia<i u«; J tiiid hr-
within, Imt whrn Ihry wnuhl not i-nmply with Kiilra llir»r, to 'l'.lu« l.lv^iw, 1 i. liiril. r ol Ihr Uo-
what wn»<lr>ir»(l, hr rnrouipiiaaril nil Ihr plai rt ninn hlalnjy. ivho will hmir ivilmaa lo tliia lhlnK.I|.'
thrrrnboiit with a will, tthrnin llyirmina lUil < -i. Ilul Whin Ihr li'iUrriiij;-ra<;Hii' niia brouglity
gladly aiiiat him on all orrnajuna./iul I'ouipey , nia(, thr (j(-euU«t oMIit linvrra wiia >lmkrn kit/
•Thrar *Tpteiia Iratlniontaa of Joarnlina hern, nnd hy Juarplua ID Iw tmv.i'f, wlil'h axiirlly :'(rroa/io
„.._ ^ .,., _.- ... ., .. ^ _, . ._ Htr«lio"a f'- .........1.. ,
n iiiroHi! ronnriniiiiun "I IIii' inilli iit Jii r|i
riiiitiiii nU'i,
t TImilii. on li'ryiilof HIvnii, Ilu- nnminlfhat lor thn
Aniki. ti, »lli. rli. vl. arrl. 0. iiiiil li. «». rii. iv. arit. '■', Htr«lio"a di^.-ripiioii; ninl wlil'li miiiihrri In .-^int' n-ti^e
•iroHi! ronnriniiliun "f thi' tnilli iif Jii r|ihiia'a d^
riiiitiiii nbo,
that the only luilnnni s»riloiia, nml tiir l,rat lailni IrCra,
wera, al Irnat in hli ilaya, m- ir Jrrirl.o ni.d Knjiidill,
about tlir north p irt of llir IlrmI H«n (whorralioiit nlao
Alrxaiiiler llir lirrut aaw tl r linlanin ilrnp,)aliO>v Ihn
RiialiikroniKaHiIhndinilaraMnd I'uarl'iua nnd Jrroinr,
aatfonriif lliuar ifnribiiiawrrnal Ihraoiith part oflliul
aca, al /oar or Piifur : wlirnna l|,<-v imiat vlihrr menu
nnothrr Zonr or fi'sor, wliirli vrna iirl\vi;i"i irriiiis nnd
Engndill, Bt'reeaWy to .haiK|i'iiia, wlili'li yrtlliryilo not
ap|iear to do; orrlaotliryiliri^i'tiyrnnirtidirl Juarplitia,
^i:
di Ti'f tioM and liliilnlry of Irrnlaiiiiii, iria mmlt li'uit l»
Mn; or proliiilily nr-iie Oliirr f'Kt udi>l!t full Inio thai
inniiiti. inMiiir and in tlie ilava of Jiwepliiia.
II lldrai'ryi'ahiirrlolrlinlrd.I ii: rnia t'lmrianlrnl an
|irraiit!oiia lioiio-i, tiiltolinaivi' llifMiiiit>vn,i untowftil
to Jr«a, rv-n nmlrr llir uiinos; neM-wnv.rfii titr Hnli
Intli d'ly. of wldrli welirnr iintlditc hrfiimlir tInirH of
and wrmliarijiii fri'ntlv iiiiatnkrn; I nirnn tliia. iinipaa llir Miir.nl«'r», wnallio propir i«ti.-io:i ••f.lprvaal«ui'a
that tmlaarn, and Iho lira! luiliiitrrra, '.'row niiirh mure tH<iiV((ttiki'ii My l*oiM|iry.l,v HnaiiiK. nmlliy Titua, ^la np>
aotiltiwnriliii liiiirn in ririliiVaof t-^narliiuiand Jiironic pi'nra from llio plinia A4ri nily i|iiiitril in llir mitit on
than Iliry did In llindnya of Juarphua. Antli(. Ii. tili.rh vlii.i'ri'l. J :w:d'li iirriipii oiiaau|icralt
fTlir (iBrliriilnr ilriuh miil lirrniltli of ihia (Jiirh, lion, nn tu ilirolnirrvatlnn ni'iii'''i a ri'jnruiia rral npun
wlienri> ilio vlunaa hir Iln* wiill iilaiiil ilir ii'iiipir wrre — lliii ."nlilriiii rt.iy, our .''iivlniii .iliviyii o|i|Miard, whnn
probably l^<kcn, nreonillird in oiir rnplraof InHrpbiia, tbel'liarlaiiirnl Jrwa ilialanl no il,:iii larvidioit In mn
nttaatduwn liy Htrnbo, li. ivl. p Tfi'l. froni whom we i^ pl.iraaof llir N'mvTral.'iinritt, lliiuili lir aliil Inilina.
laarn, that tlila ditrli wna IVt feet drrp, nnd '.'.'lO fert ted liow pcrnletniia llini mii'i'raiiiton ininbi provia la
braad. However, llH depth Kill Ux: ■"•t'WiUin.aaid , llicmia thelrlliithirraui tne Ui^niaua,Mau.uV-illi
i
I'l
,«^
M-4 * ANTHQUITIES OF THE JEW8
It, *n(l r«tl ilowo, «ii<l btaka down ■ [Hirt nf the
ilii'aiioi»( •(> Iha •naiiiy |iourcil in niur*,
Ciiniflliii f'iuifui, Ihnidii id' Syll*, with l>i>
■lao etrrUil bound alnnt with liiiit Ariilobula*
■ml hi* childrifn; {or ha Imd tMrn (lau|{litrn, lod
«• iiiKiijr MH*, lh« une uf Whuin ruu nMrav, litil
lli« jfuiiugrr, AnliKonus WM carried to Kotnt,
lii)(«tbar with hit lulen.
CHAP. V.
^foy> Sfaurut madt a l,tnie»* if muhutt Jitriit-
anct uiilh Jlrtlai. jifid mhai (iahiniiii i/tifin
Judta, ^Ur lit had conifutrtd j)ltfndif M<
Suit iif jiriMlobului.
{ I. ScAURUi iniida now «" aniwdilion aKninit
ware nmbr. Of the Jewi th^n tVIl twrlvr I P*tr»-s. iii Ambia, ami j^t ton lirrftllidafej idiiihI
Ibouanml, but of the Kniunni vary T'W. Abtaloni,
furlili
•ml , .
tulilirri, lirttof all aicm(li>d the wiill, and Rent
lu bini ( uriui tlii' i>aiui«>ii, with tli<i«a ihiil lol-
lowed on the otbrr |mrt, wbde l-'abiun, who iva*
. alitu a niiluriun, aoieiidad it in tbr iniililli , with
yd Kreat bmlj of lueii iiltrr him. Hut now idl <v"*
full of tliiuKhieri noiiia uf the Jrwt beliiK tiniu
by the Uoiuitiit, aiul nome by one anolhtr; ii«iyt
aiinie then* nr.rr. who tbirw tlniiii«lv(» down
till) prei^ipici'H, Ar put lire lu their hoiiart, and
burnt them, a< Hot ubiv to bi'ar llio niiarrii't they
who wai nt nnce bnib uni'la nnd latber-in-lnw tu
Ariitobulua, wai taken raplivc. And no ninall
cnomiiliea wrre Coniinilted about (he ttuiple
itH'lf, whii'hi in former agei had been iiiuijcii-
(iblis.aad men by none; fur l'om|icy went into
it, and not n few of tboae tlint were with him
about it, becauae ol'thn K^'Ht diHindlV of Hcceaa
to it. Auil ai hit army waa pinched by fiiuiin^
Aniipaliir furnlahed liini with uorn out of Jndea.
nnd with, whatever elie be wanted, and thia at
the coiniiiand of llyrranua. And when Im waa
aent to Aretaa, k» an ambaaiador by Scaurui,
liecauae he had llve^l with him formerly, he (mt-
■Itu. ami law all thiit whiih it wn« unlawful for «uaded Arctaa to Rive Sraniiia a auni of money
■ny other men to tee but only fortlie hl)(h prii'ita,
There were in that temple the Kplden labb, the
boly cnmlteatirk, and the pourinK. v('ai<ela, and a
- Kreiilipianlily of apirca; ahil Ilea idea tbeae tliere
wn'e ttmonK the treiiaurci tw<V(l|Ouaiu|il liibnll
of wtowd money; yet diil l'on1|M'y tourh nothing
- ol'alt thiii* on account of bia rtf^gnl to nligioii^
and in tliia point alao ha aeteil in a manner that
wai worthy of hi* virtue. The nrltdiiy he ppive
ordeir to tjiote that had the rharKe of the tviiiple
to clennae it, and to brinj( whui/ill'erin|(ilhe law
required to (iod; and rriltored the hiKh prie'at<
liood to ilyrcunua, both brcauae he had been
uialul to liini in other ri'a|>ect», nnd berauae he
hindered the Jrwa in the country from giving
Ariatobnliia niiy aaaiatniire in bia war againat
him. lie alao cut olf thoae that had been the
anthora of that war; and br/ilowird proper re-
wardnon Kaiiatua, nnd thoae ethera that niounlcd
the waM with luch aliirrity: and be made .leru-
■aleili tributary tnthcKoiniinK; and took away
tlioati citiea of Cadoayria which the inhabitaiita
of Juflva had auliJued, and. put theiu under the
KOvt'rnnient of the Koniiin pieaiileirt, nnd con-
lined the wliole nation, which had ricvaled itself
•o liisU before, within ila own bounds. More-
over, he rebuilt' Uadara, which had been demo*
liaheil a little bei'ore,f to gratily Deinelriua of
Uadara, who was hi* freed-mnn, nnd refitored the
reit of the cilica, Hipnoa, auil Scythojiolia, and
Fella, and Uioa, and Samariu, k» alao Miiriaaa,
and Aahdorl, nnd Jninniii;, and Arethuaa, to their
own inhnbitanla: tlic^e were in the inland parla;
beaidea those that had been demolished; and^
_ alao uf the mnriliiiic cities, Oaia. and Jb)*rpa, and'
Pora, and Strato'a Tower; which latt Herod re-
built after a glorious manner, and adorned with
havens, ami temples, and changed its name to
" Cesarea. All these l'om|iey left ip a state of free-
dom, and joined Uirin to the province of Syria.
5. Mow the otSrasion of this misery which came
uponJerusBlem,\vere Hyrcanus and Aristobulua,
by raising a sedition ohe against the other; for
now we lost our liberty, and became aiibjcct to the
Romans, and were deprived of that conntrv which
we hud gained by our arms from the Syrians.
Moreover, the Koiiians exacted of us, in a little
time, above ten thuusand talents. And the royal
authority, which was a dip;nity formerly bestow-
ed on those that were high priests, by the right
of their family, became the property of private,
men. tint of these matters we shall treat ii^ their
proper places. KowToinpey coniniitte<l Coelosy-
ria, as far as the river Kuphratcs nndl Kgy^t, to-
8caurus, with two Roman legions, una then'went
away to Cilicia, and iiincle baste to Rome. He
• This la rullyrDnfirmed hy the testimony of drero,
. who ■ays,4n his oration Tor Flarcus, that "Cnelns Pom
nenia,when he was conqueror, and bad taken Jcruaa
atliaittmple.t
(balon
J
to prevent the biirAing of his country; and
undertook to be hi* surety fur three hundred
tiilents. So Scaurus, upon these teriiia, ceased
to niFike war any lunger, wliicb was done aaniuch
at.Scaurua'a deaire, naut the desire of Aritus.
)l. Some tiitie alter this, when 'Alexander, the
son of Aristubulua, made an inctfraion intn Jndea,
Ciibiniuacanie from Kbme to Syrin,as cuniiniuid-
er of the R^iian furces. He did many consider-
able actiont: and partiruliirl^ mailel War with
AUxander, i>ince llyrcanns ij^mot |et ul lis to
oppose his power, but was ali«»tly atl<'m|iliitg to
build the walls of Jerusalem, ^vihiih l'onipi;Mia<l
overthrown, allhouirh the Itomans, who' were
there, restrained him from that, hia design. Mow-
ever, Alexander went over »ll*l)ie cou|itr\ round
aboul, .iiid armed many of the Jews, uhd sudden-
ly gut together teii thiiu<and armed lootiiii n. - nd
tifleen hundred horsemen, ami furtilied Alexan-
(Irlum, a fortress near to ('ortie mid MacheniSi
near the mountains of Ariibia. (iiibinius there-
fore came n|Hm him, hnving sent Miin'us Anto-
nius, with other clrininianders, before. These
armed such Romans nt follnived them ; and, to-
gether with them, iiuch Jews as wer* subject to
them, whose leailen were I'ithulaus and Mali-
chus, and (hey took with them also their friends
that were with Antipiiter, and met Alexander,
while (iqbiiijua liimstdf followed with his legion.
HereMpon Alexander retired to Jerusalem, wn«Te
they fell upon one another, and it came to a pitch-
ed battle, in which the Roinfos slew oflheil
enemie%ii}H>iit three thousand, uiid took a like
4i,unib€ghlWe^,-*U'*
it. Mnvln<%^e Oabinins rame to Alexon-
iMuni, and invitetr those that were inittodeliver
it up on (Jeitaitt coViditions, and promised that
then their former oHSnces should be forpiven:
but as a great number of the enemy bad pitched
tlieir camp before the fortress, whom the Ro-
liittiu attiicked, Marcus Antonius fought bravely,
anil slew a great number, and seemed to come
off with the greatest lionor. So (tabinius left
part of the army there, in onler to take the iiliice.
and he hiiuself went into other parts of Judeu,
and gave order to rebuild all the cities that he
met with that had been demolished; at uiiirh
time were rebuilt Samaria, Ashdod, Scytltopolis,
Anthcdnn, Rnphia, and Dura; Marissa also, and
tiaxa, ami not a few others liesides. And ns the
men acteil according to Uabinius's coniinRml, it
came to pass,, that at this lime thei^e ^cilies were
secjirely inhabited, which had been desolate for a
longtime.
4. When GabiniiH had done thus in the countr) ,
he returned to Alexandriuoi; and when be urged
tOfthla dratriiction of flndarn liere prcsniiposail
and Ha reatoration Inr Fompay, see the note on the War
b«Lcliap.Tii.icet.7.
te
B(M)K XIV.-CIIAP. VI. VII.
S8»
on (ha •>«(• nf th« |ilurii, AliAiiii<lrr urnt nn i
•nibnungt! to liim, iloiriiij;; IImI hi' wiiulil iiiriluii
bl* I'ornirr ulfriiriti; h» ulnu iltlivinil U|i (nr I'lir-
trrMO, Hyri'riHin, nnilMitrhiru*; uii'l »l lii>t
AlainiKlriUiii lUrlf, whii'h l'i>f(ri>< (iulijiiiiii ili-
luolithfil. ilul whrii AIixhihI^ r'< iiiDtlur wliii
WIM III' Ihr •iiln III' llic Hoiiiiiil*, an liuvlii|; hrr
hailiiiiid HDil ulhrr ('lilliliiii hI llniiii*, riiiiia (o
him, 111' KFHiitcil hrr whiilniirtcr >h« ■■'"-'•Ir mxl
whin hv liuil •iiUlril iiHittm with hrr, hr U^oiiKht
Hyrcaiiiiii (o Jcriianlmi, iiim) niiiiiiiiUiiJ the. nirv
ol Ihit Uiiipli' til biiii: mill whin he h'lil nrilnln-
cd livu nmiicilt, hi' liitlnliuliil ihc •mini nulinn
into (hi* •mnu nuitilicr ul pnrlii: •(• thi'tr rmiii-
ciU |(;uvi)rii«U th« |M'n|ilr | llii^ lirtt wii nt Ji>-
rumli'iii, lh« atToiiil iit limhira, thii thinl pt
Anialhii), the fiiurlh ul Jrrhhn, iin<i Ihv tilth at
Se|i|ihiirli> ill (lulilri'. Su tliii Jrnm wiri^ now
frcru Iniiii iiigimrchir aitlliurityi apil wcru |;i>-
verneii by nu urittocrnr^.*
. CIIAI'. VI. . '<
Haw Gahi>iiii$ ranir'it .'I >-itliihiiliit afttr he had
fltd from Ri'UH, unit unt him kack to Hume
again; and hum tht sume (lubiiii'i), ni hr re-
himtd uul itf F.ff>ii<l, vftraimt JUfUanUrr and i
ih* JVu'xifcn/K in llalllt. i
. { 1, Now Ari<iti>l>iilii« ran nwny frnni Riiilir to
IttdrR, Biiil •<:( aliiiut the ri'liiiiliilnp ul' All xaii- !
ilriuiii, nhirh had iiprn linnly drnuiilthid' lirri'- I
■ upon (.iuhin^a nt-iit auliiitTi aKaiiinl hiiii, and J,ir I
Ihrir cuniiiiaiiilcrii S^ii'iina, and AiituniiiH, and ^
Scrviliiiii, in order to hiinlcr him Iniin ^rlilii); '
ponM-niiion of Iho cnuntry, and to (»k« him a^aiii. i
Alul indi'vd iiiaiiy ol' th** Jeviit ran to Arj>t>.'iii-
lu(,oii Hi'Count.oj' hi* fuiiin'r |(lory, »» aUo liv j
cauas'thi'y thuuld hl'vladof nn iiiiiuvuliuu. Now
(here wa» oni' I'lthuiaiiii, i liiiitMrint at .Icrniia-
li!iii, who di'H(-rtt:d to him with a thoimaiid mi'ii,
■lthouf(U A grt^itt ounilUT of Ihoir tliut ciimi' to
him wcri' niiarmi'd; ami whin Ari>,lii|)nliiii had,
rCMolvid to t;o to Mai.lii'rii.i, he lli»nli1iyl'd■th(>Hl•
p«l)|llf, bt'Caiise thry win: uiianniid, lor thry^
could not be iincfiil to liiiii, in what ailionH tliiy
were ^oiiijr nbont, hut hi! look with him rij;ht
(lioiiaund that wi rn ariiii'il, and iiinrrlinl on: and
aa thr Itomanii ft II upon thi'iii Hrvcn ly, I he Jeni
fpuL'ht valiantly, liiil were Iniitm in ihi- hattle;
(nu wh«n they hud l'oii);ht with alirrrity, hut
■ were overbnrnei liy the ineniy, thry were put to
flight; of whom were alum nuout live tliunaiiml,
and the reat being diapened, tried, na will ua
they wi're ubii.', to buVi! tliemaelv^.a. However,
Ariatobtlllia had with him atill uliove n tliniinind,
■od with them he lied to Mailierus, and I'urtilied
(he place, an<l tliough ho had had ill aiicre'iH, he
ttill had Kuod hope uf hi» artiiira: but when be
had iti'UKglcd Hguinat the iicge fur two days'
time, anil had received many wouniU, he was
brought aa a captir« to (iabiniua, with hi* aou
'Autigumu, Who al«a lied with him from Rome.
And this waa the fortune of Aristobulua, who
vta< Bent bark again to Rome,, and wai there rc-
. tallied in bomU, having been both kin;; and high
prieat fur three years and ail niontha; aiul waa
indeed i^n eminent peraon and one oC a great
ibul. However, the acnate let hia chijdn'ii go,
upon Gahiniua'a writing to them, that he had pro-
■uiaed tliiir luother ao much when aife delivered
up the fortretiS'S to him ; and accordingly ' Ihc^
then ri turned into Jiidea.
2. J'low'when Galiiqiua was making an expe-
dition Hgainat the t'arthiana, nnd had already
pasted over Kuphiatea, he rh:tnged his mind,
and resolved In return into K^ypt, in order to rc-
•iore I'tolcmy to his kingdom. t This hath also
*Dean Frldeaux well n'merves, tl>nt " nutwitliitand-
. ing llie (Inninr aealnsl CalhiiiM at Rome, JoaepI ua
■hrea hint a laud ililf ^hnrscter, iia if t'e liad arqiiittcit
Biniacif with lonnr in tl'e ehnrge coniniilteil lo liini"
[inJudea.] Se«uttlieyeurS3.
been ri Intel rUrwhrre. Howiver. Anli|>aier
supplied hia army, nliiili he •■ ol .igni i<l Arelie-
Inus, wllli I'orn, niiil wen|i<ina, and money. Ha
atar^'limdi thoae Ji wa *ho wrrii a!iii>* I'l luatuin.
Ilia I'rieuda and eoiileihratea, and hiul been ill*
fnardlaiia of |hi pii'"-i« that led into Ku-ypt.
lul whin he rami liai A out ni K.gipt, he Oniiiil
Syria in illaiirder, null •edliiona and Ironldcsi
fur Ahxaudrt*, tlie win nf Arialobidus, having
ai iied ijii lh« guvermiitnt a si eond Itiiir by
liiree, ii^.ltle many oi the Jetva rr v<dl lo him, and
so he marelied over the iimntry with u (rreal
army, anil aleiv all the Itiimiins he eouhl light
upon, and pToerolid to lie>ii;(e the iiionnlain
culled (liriKlm, whither they liiui relrenled.
II. lint nhrn tlaliiious fimud Syria in such ■
state, he ai lit AiUipatir, who » i> a ptinFriit man,
to t'oMa^th.it Hire aediliou*, lo try whether he
eiiid W^tai ! them of their inai'ne«a, ami perauade
iheilfRtPfelurn to a belter mind, nnd when hit
ramet'i them.hr hronghl iiuinv of them toaaiiiiHii
mind, and iiiducid tlMin to do what they might
to do; but lie eould not realrain Alexamler, for
ho hail ai| army of lldrty thitii-*.»nil Ji'wa, and
met ti;ilir(iiiiH. an.j. joiiiint^ h.ittle with him, wiia
beaten, nnd loat ten (hoiiaurtd of his men uliuut
mount I'alior.
4. So (iahiiiiiis aittlrd the lifT'dra whirh he-
longed to the city Jerii-.iliin, aa was n<;reealila
til Aniipater's inelin.iti'''n„Hiid went ag.iinat the
A'abatian<, aii'l om rrume tlieiii in battle, lie
iiIho aeni away in n Irii nelly uiaiiner Mithridatet
and Oraania, who wi re I'artiduii deaerli ra, and
rami- to hiio, though the nport went abroad
lh:vt tiny had run anuy from liim.' And when
tialiinius had |ierluriiM d gnat and |{lori(Mis nc-
tii^na, in his inirimgi iiieiit of thti allairs tif war,
he returned lo Itoiin , and delivered the govern-
inent to ^'rasHua. \oh, Nii'idaiia of Daiuaaeut,
nnd StriilioofCjppa(lori.i,l,ioth deairilie theexjie-
ilitiiiii of I'limpey |ind llalii'nfuv ngaiiiat the Jews,
whih ni itlier oflheiu fVy any thing new which is
nut in the other.
CHAI'. VII.
How I'raaaiif came into Jiiilea, and pillaged thi
7'imfilf; and wnrrliril afrninal Iht I'arlhiaiit,
and fttrithtd with hit Army Alio hmo Va$^
tiiil ubiaincd Si/ria, nndyitl a tlof lo Iht I'ar-
lhianii,andlhtiiwinluploJudta.
Ij I. Ni)W Craaaua, aa he Waa going upon his
ix|iei:ition a^uiiist the Pnrlhiana, ranie into Ju-
i!e:i, :iud rarried oil the iiioiii'y that was in the
leiojdi', which I'ompey !md loft, being two tllou-
a.iiiu tidenla; and wiia disposed to H|K>il it u( alt
the gold "helonvring to it, wliich waa ejfrjii thou-
s^ind lalenta. He al-o took, a b>ai>i which was
made of solid beaten gol.l, of the Weight of
three linndred iiiiii',1': each of whirh weighed
two poun''a and » half It waa Ihe prieat who
was guardian 1)1 the aarred treaaurea, and whose
tiume wna I'ileatur, tliat give him this liAini;
not out of a wirked deaigii, fi r he was a good
and a Fighteona -man ; hut bi ing intruateil with
the Custody of the veila hi longing to the temple,
which Were of udinirahle lienuty, and of very
costly »orkninna!iip, aii I hung down from thia
heUiii, when he aiiw that Ciaaiiia waa hiiay in
gathering uioiiry, lind waa in liiir fur the entire
ornainenia of the temple, he gave him this
beam of gol I, aa a ransom for the Whole; lint
this nut till he ha. I given hia patli that he would
remove liitthing elae nnl of the temple, but be
sRtialied with this only which he ahbulil give
him, being worth ^iiany ten tl: inaind [sbekela.]
Now, thia beam was contained in a woudin beam
fTliia liistory is lies: ittiislrnted hy Dr. Ilinlson out of
I.Ivy, who aavi, " That A. tliiiuinia the proconsul re-
stored I'luleniv In I is Mtifilom of Revpt, imrt ejecjed
Arrlielaiia. wl.oin tlicy liuil net up for Kiii|," IlC. Stt
I'rid. at tl(eyeari|t!4uiid Vj.
. 'xa ■ ■ ■ ■ ■■■
984
ANTIQUlTIfS OK TlIK JEWS.
thai wii hollow; bnl WM known in no nlhrrt,
but Kl< uir Hlonr knew il; yrl iliil Vr»>*»t tiikii
■Wiiv thii* iHmiii, iiiioii lh« <'<in<lilioii of loiirliioK
notliinK >:lf« III*' Itrlungcil lo ills Irniplii, liiiii
lh<'ii liriik<- hia oalli, urn) carried away all th« gold
- thai will in III* lrin|ilr.
2. Ii<i net tine womlrr thai (lirr« wai to much
weallh in our Icniplx, aiuce all Ihr Jrw* llirouf^b-
oili ihi' lialiilabin trarlh, anil lliiiar IhnI worship-
p«il (ioil, nil}, rvrn Ihiiti- of Anin anil Kurppc,
■i-nl llnir Cdiitriliulioiii lu il, ami Ihin from very
ancient liui<'<<( ^ior iathv lnrK'»'*'<>^lhi'Miiumii
w'thiiul ilii allnluliun; nor i« IhnI ((rralnrii ow
lug III our viiiiil}, a* raioin;; il witlmut ((ruunii lo
a» Litiil n h<'i|^!iti liiil lliirt! arr nmiiv wiliMii'M
to 111 ami parliruinrly SlralHi ol'L'appiitloi'ia;;wha
aayn tliuii.: "Mllhriilnl^ii iient lo (,ii», anil took
UiK luoiiiy whirh ipu'in Ctropiilra hail ilrpOiiIrd
tlieri', HKulno riglit liunilrvd Ulciilt hvl>in|;lnK to
the JeWK." Now, Wf hlrvt- no public money but
only wliat nppertaint lo (iod; and il ii eviilent
that tlip Atian Jrwi rinrovtd t|ii» nioiu-v out of
fear of Milliridiilf*. lor il it not proliuhlc that
1(10111' of Juilrn, who hnil a utronf; r'lly am) tem-
ple, nhould iirnd their immiy lo Cii»; nor ia it
likely (h|it the Jewt, who tri' inlinliitanU of
Alinanilria, nhoiild dii an rilhcr, »iiic<i lh«y were
in no f«:ar of ftiilhriilntea. And Strubo llim-
arlf briira witi;eaa to the anmr tWw^ in nnotlicr
ptaci', that' lit the aiuiii- limi' Ihni Stila paaai'il
over into (ireiTe, in order to fi|;lit aKUiimt Mitliri-
daU'K, he Htnt l.ucullua to put an mil toaardilion
that our niition, uf whom the hnbilalile earth i>
full, had raiacil inCyrroe: where ho apVaLa thua-.
"Tliere Hire four claaiiea df men niiionff IhOae
of C'yreiir; that of ritiient, that of hoabaiidnien,
the lliird of atraii)(era, and the foiirlh of JeWa.
Now llie^e Jrwa are already f;otlen into all citiea,
•nd il iahard lorind aplace in the habitable earth
that linlli not admitted lliia tribe of Mi^n, and ia
not jioa.ie>Beil by it; and il Imth (■ometo pB»i that
K(cypl and (Gyrene, aa ha\inj; the aaiiie goyer-
nora, anil a great number, of other iiution^, lini-
latc thiir way of living, and uiaintuin great
bediea of Iheae Jcwa in a peculiar manner, and
grow up to greater priiaperilv with them, and
make uir of llie aaine liiva.wiln that nation aUo.
Accordingly, the Jews have pllleeansaiftiied theni
in Kgypl, wherein they inhabit, beaiilea what ia
peculiarly allotted to thia nation at Alexandria,
which ^ large purl of that city. ThtTC is also
■n ethipnrh allowed them, who goveriia Ihe na-
tion; ami dinlribulca juslicn lo tneni, and lakea
care of their contracts, and of Ihe laws lo them
belonging, ua if he wei<; the ruler Of a free re-
public
•rful,
tiana. anil becauae Ihe land wherein they
aince they winf thence, i^i near to Key pi. 'I'hey
•lao removed into Cyrene, hecause that thia land
adjoined to the government of I'gypl, aa well ua
doea Judea, or rather was lornierly under the
aame ;i;ovcrnmfnt." And thia ia what Strabu
aaya.
3. So when Crasaua had acttled all thinga aa
h« hiniai If pleased, he marched into Parlhia,
where both he hinrsrlf and all hia army iieriah-
.ed, ua hulli been related claewhere, But Caaaiua,
aa be Med from Kouie lo Syria, look poaaeaaion
of it, and was nii im|<cdiinent to Ihe Parthiana,
who, by reason of their victory over Crnaaua,
made incuiaions upon it; and' aa he came back
to Tyre, ho went up into .ludea alao, and fell
•ipon Tarirheae, and presently look it, and car-
ried about thirty thouaand.Jewa. captives; and
■lew Vitholaiia, who succeeded Arialobulus in hia
leditioua pruclicea, ami that by the' perauaaion of
Antipater, who proved to have great interest in
him, and was at that time in great repute with
the Idunienna olio; out of which nation he mar-
* Dr lludeoit olwcrvca, that the name of thia wife of
Antipater in Joaeplios waa Cfirrut, aa a Hebrew ler
riwi 1 wife, who was Ihe danghlrr of ona of
their eminrni men, and her mime was I'yproa,*
by whom he had biur »ou». I'haaael d llen>d,
who waa aflerwuni miiile king, and Juarph, and
I'hrrurat; aiuLa ilniiglili r iiiiiiieil Salome. Thit
Anti|Hit*rcullivHlrd alao a friemliihip and niulaal
kimlnraa with olh.ir jmrmluleH, but eajiecially
with Ihe king of Aiiibm, In ivbi>Ai he Ronimittetl
hia cliihiren, while he fought agiiiiial Arlatobului.
So Caafiut h'nioved hia camp, and marched to
Kiiphratea, to meet Ihiiae that were coming to
attack hlin, at halh lirin related by othera-
4. Hut auiiie lime afterward, ('ie«ar, when he
hail taken liiime, and Rftfr I'onipey and th«
aritnle were Aed bet ond' th«> loniaii sea, freed
Arialobulua from hiadonda, mvi reatdved to tend
hini into Syria, and delivered two ligiona lohlin,
thai he might aet niallera right, at being a potent
man in llial country : but Arialobulua had no en-
joymeiitiif what he hnited for from Ihe |>uw«f
that whs given him 1;) ( leaar, for Ihoae of I'oni.
tpey'a party provented il, and ^lealroved hiin hy
loiaon, and Ihoav of ("a'lir'a party nuried him.
lia dead l)ody nUo lay , for a good tvhilr, embnim-
ed in homy, till Antony artirwanl aeiil it to Ju-
(len, and cauaed him to be buried in Ihe royal
anjiulclirc. Hut Scipio, upon I'omjiey'a arnibng
to him to alay Alexander, the ton ol Ariatobulua,
becauae Ihe young man was accnaid of what of-
fi Hcea he had been Kuilly of at liri-t apinat the
Komnii«, rut oil' hia IipihI; and Ihiii ilid he die
at Aniiiich. tint rinhuiv, the aim uf MenneUl,
who wnathc ruler of (Ihalcia, uuiler mount l.iba-
nua, took hia brethren to him, and aeni hi> ion
I'hilippion to Aakelon lo Arlatobulua'a wife, and
desired her to aeiiil back with him her ton Anli-
gonua, and her daiighlera; the one of which,
wlioac name wna AUtaudra, I'hilippion fell in
love with and married her, though afterward hit'
father, Ptolemy, slew him, and murried Alexan-
dra, ami cuirliniird lo take rare of her brethren.
CHAP. vm.
Tht .Tiwa becamt conJiJtralu tbilk Cirinr when
he fintfiht againil I'.rtiypl. Tht gloriou$Aetiont
nf j\ntif>aUr, and hia Friciulthip with Cir$ar:
The Honors which the Jew$ ttctivid from the
Roiitani and Atheniahi.
Blunging, ua 11 lie uert; me ruier 01 a iree re-
ublic. in l-'gypt, therefore, tliia nation ia pow-
rful, because tbe Jewa were originally t.gyp-
ana, and becauae the land wherein they inliabit.
{ 1. Notv after l'oinp*y wot dead, and after
that victory Caraar had gained over hlin, Anti-
pater, who' inamrged the Jewish alfairt, became
very uaeful to (-leaar when he made war against '
KgypI, anil that by the order of Hyrcanua: for
when Mithridales of Pergainua waa 'bringing hit
auxiliuriea, and waa not able to continue hit
march through .Pcliiajuin, but obliged to alay »t
Aakelon, Antipater came In him, conducling
three tliouaaud of the Jew<, armed men: he had
alao taken care the principal men of the Arabi-
ans a(iould come to hia a'^ialancc; and on hit
account il was that all the Syrians naaiated him
alao. as not willing to appear liehindhand in their
alacrity for Ciragr, vii. Jaiiibliciia the ruler, ami
Ptoleniv his son, and Thnlomy the son of Solie-
mils, woo dwell at mount l,ibanus,'and almqstall
the cities. So Mithridales marched out of Sy^ia,
and cqnie to Pelnsium;' and when the inhaliit-
nnts woiild not admit hini, he besieged the cily.
Now Antipater signaliicd hiinaelf here, and wat
the first who plucked down a part of the wall,
and ao opencil a way lo the real, whereby they
might enter the city, and by this nicana Peluaiiim
was taken: but il hapiienrd that Ihe Egvpliaa
Jews, who dwelt in the countn- called Oniont
would not let Antipater and IVfithridatra, with
their soldiert, past to Cntaar, but Antipater pcr-
tundcd them to conie ovtir to their party, because
he was of the same people with them, and that
chiefly by showing liieni the epjstles of Hyrca-
minalion, but not CipH', the Greek ncme for Venui,
■I tome crttics were ready to correct iu
BOOK XtV.-CHAP. VJII.
385
M« (ho htKli pried, whiintin ho rtliorttil Ihrni (o
cullifHl* irirnil'hip with Cmut, uMil to lupiily
hit iriiiy Willi iiioiitjr, mid iill inrtt o( proviKiniM
which llicy wnnlcd! liiiil urriinfinKly, whMii lis
uw AiilipiHrr ■nit ihn high |>ririil u( lli« fiiiii*
lcntiiM«iiti, the)' illil Ml (hvy wx'i-i- ili-iirti«l. , Anil
Mrhvii llitt J«wi about MKiii|ilii< lieiird that tlieati
Jcw> w»ri< cuiiia over tu Ciiiair, fhry hUo invi-
ted Milhriilalet (ti ciiiiie to (hrni ; to he caiue,
■od received them uUo into hi> army.
it. And wJirn MilhridHttfi bad fottf over kll
Drltn, «f the (ilace ia called, ho lanin tn a |iiti'.h-
■d bnlllv with the rneiiiy, miir the place lallcd
the Ji'wiah caiii|i. Noiv Mitliridatrt Imd the
right wing, and Anti|Hili'r the lertTand when it
came lu a lighli tlmt ning where Mithridiilin wu«
gavii wiiy, had wan likily to anllir mlrenicly,
iinleu AhtipaliT hiid C(uiie riinnin;^ l|> liiiii with
hi< uwn liuldiera alung the nhure, when he had
already bt^atcn tli« erieiiiy that upputied him; tit
hedcliiered Mithridatea, and put llniae Kgyii-
tlana, who hail bicii too. hard fur him, to Itight. lie
alio tout, their caiiipj anil conimiicd in the pur-
luit o( theai. Ilu alto rccnlli'd .Mithridatrt, who
had been wonted, and waa retired a f^reiit way
off; of whoau aohliera eight hundred (ill, liut ol
ADlipiitcr'a lil'ty. Su Mithridatea aent an iiccuuiit
of tbia haitlu to Cnaar, an(fo|ienly diclurcd, that
Antipaler wiii the autlmr of thia viutory, ami u(
bia own prtacriatiun, iiiHuniucli thiit Cir»(ir coin-
nended Auttpatcr then, and made nM> of him all
the reat of that war in the nioHt huiardoua under-
takinga; he 'hap|wn«d alao (u be wounded in one
of Ihuae engugcuienta.
3. llowe>er. when Cieaar, after aoini; time,
had finished* that war, tend waa tniled awLy fur
Syria, he honored Antipater grenlly, and cnn-
fimied llyrcuiiua in (he high prieathuud, and be-
ftowed -UH Antipaler the privilege of a citiien of
Rome, and a freedom from (nxta every where :
and i( in reported liy many, thiK llyrrairaa went
aloiig with Antip.itcr in thia expedltinn, and
caine himaelf into Kgypt. And Slrabo,of Cap-
paducia, bear* wilnens to thia, when he aliya thua,
l^the nuiiiu of Aaiuiua; " Alter IMilhridatca huil
invaded Kgypt, anilwilh him llyrcanua, the hi)i[h
prieat of tbe Jewa." Nay, the aame Strabii my»
tUui again, ''in.^inothi r place, in the name of
Hypiicratea, that "Milhridatea at firft went out
alone, but that Antipater. who hud the cure of
the Jewiah uilairk, wua called bv him to Aakelon,
and (hat he had gotten reiidy three thouannd aol-
dien, logo along with hlni, mid emournged other
goveniora of the country to S" "l^ug with him
alao; and that Hyrcupua, (he high jirieat, waa
alio preaent in thin ex|H!dition." 'fhi* ia what
Strabo aaya.
4. Ku( An(igonua,the aonof Ari«tobu1us, came
at thia time (o Cieaur, and "lamented hia father's
(ate; and coiiiplained that it wua by Aniipiiter'a''
neana that Ariatotiiilut waa taken olf by poison,
■nd hia brother wua beheaded by Scipio, and de-
aired that he would take pity^of hiiii, Who.had
been ejected out of that principality whildi waa
due. to him." He alao accuaed Hyrcanus and
Antipater at governing the nation by violence,
and ofering injuriea to niin. Antipater waa pre-
■en( and luadu hit defence as (o (ho acruaadons
that wierc laid againat him. He demonatratcd,
tha( Antigonua and hia party were givrji to inno-
vatioiii and were aeditioua pcraoua. He also put
Cxaar in mindwhat difficult services he had un-
dergone, when he assisted him in bis wars, and
discoiinied about what he waa a witness of hini-
- lelf. He added, that Arisitobulus was justly car-.
* Take Dr. Hudson's note upon thi^''^lare, which I
■Upposetu lie the Irulli : " llorc is aoino niialak.e In Jo-
•ephui; for when he had prumiseil us a ilcrrcie for the
resloratioiiof Jerusalem, he liriniis in a<tc>-rce of far
gieatei aiiliiiuity, unil that u IciKue offriemlslilpand
union only. One may easily lielirve dial Joaephuf
gave order for one (hliig, and liis nmaiiiicnais perlorm-
Mt anbtber, by transp^tiing decrees that concerned the
rird away to Rome, as on* (hnt wet an enemy
tu the Itomnna, and ronl.l'nevrr be bruiighl tu
be a frlrnd to thrm, ii;id tlial liia brother hud no
more than be deaeriid from Siipm, as beia|
teiied in con ttin;^ rolilirrira; and (hat (hS
piinithment waa mil inllicted un hini in a way of
violenr* or iniiialici' by him that did it.
6. When Anlipnler hiid made thia apeech,
Ciraar a|i)>uinted llyrcanualo be liigh prieat, ami
gave Antipater wimt prim ipality he himaelf
thould chouse, leaving the determinallon 14 him-
self; so he made hiiii pfoinralur uf Jmlea. ltd
alao Rave llyreaiiua leave to raise up Ihe walU
of hia own city, ii|Hin lii« aakini; thai fnvuT of
him, fur they had liieii ilemuli»hed by I'miipry
And thia grunt lie tent to the ronaula of llonii',
lu be enitniyen in (liv capidd, The'decrrp uf the
senate Miia this Ihnt ftilhiwa;* " l.uviua Valerius,
the aun of Lucina, the pru'lor, relVrnid thia to
Ihe aeimte, upon Ihe idea uf Ueceiiilier, in (hn
temple of ('nncurd. There were preaeitt u( tb«
writing of tliit diirer l.uciiia Cu|iouina, the ton
uf I.iii'iu-, of the (,'iilliiic tribe, and Caprriiia, of
Ihe (^uirine tribe, concerning Ihe alTuir^ which
Aletamler, Ihe wii of Jaton, mid ^um(:lliua,Nh•
ton of Aniiorhua, and Alex.iiider, the son of UO'
aitheua, aiuliiaaaHdora.of Ihe JeH'«, gooil and wor-
thy men, prOpoaed, who ciiine to renew that
le,»)[;iie of Rood will aiid tWemUliip with Ihe Ko>^
inana wiiii'b waa in bi'lii;; bi fure. They niao
bniiiKliI a ahirhl of gold, aa u imiik of coiil'i dera-
cy. vidiied at lil^v tltontHiiil pit ci h of gold ; and
deairid that letters might he j^iven ihein, direct-
ed both tn the free cities and tii Ihe kingx, that
their country mid lliiir havens iiilglit be at
piace, and that no one among them might r«'
cjiivc any injury. I(» therefore, plraaed [the
aeimte] to make a league of friendahip and giiiHl
will with them, aMirtn liealow on them whataa-
evrr they litoOd in need of, and to aroe|>( of (he
ahii'ld which was brought bv tliem. Thia was
done in the ninth year of ilyicuniis, the high
nrieat anil ethnarih, in the month rniieiuua."
Ilyrcaniis alao received honors from the |)eo-
pleof Alheii', at having been iiarful to tliriii on
many occaaiona. And when thoy wrote to him,
they sent him thin decree, aa it here follows:
" Under the I'nilaneiu and piiealhooil of jliuny-
hiiia, the aon of Kscniapiua. On the fifib day uf
the latter part of the month I'anemiia. lliia de-
cree of the Alhrniuna waa given to (heir coiii-
mandera, when Agiithiicles waa nrchon, uiid Ku-
clen, (he ton of Mehandrr, of Altinuaia, waa (he
acrilie. In the month iMiinychioH, on llie eleventh
day of (he I'rutanein, a council of the presidents
wis held in the Ihialre. Dnrotheu", Ihe high
prieat, And the fellow presiilents with hiiii, put it
to the votcof the people. Diimyaiua, (he tun of
DIonytiua, gave (lie aenlence; Since Hyrcanus,
(he son of Alexander, the high priest and clh-
uarch of the Jews, rontinuei to bear good will to
our people in general, .and (n everyone of our
citizens in pnrdcular, nuil treats them wi(h all
sorts of kioi|ness; and when any of (he Athe-
nians come (o him, either aa amba^aadors, or on
any occaaion of their own, he rereivea tht ui in
an obliging niunnrr, and !>ees thi^t they are con-
ducted back in aafely, of which we have had
several former teatimoniea, it ia n.iw alau de-
creed, at the regiort of Tbeodo^ii.a, (he son i if
Thendnrus, and upoh his putting the peojile in
mind of the virtue of this man, and that his pur-
pOat is to do us all the goud thai ia in hia |)ower,
to honor him with n cruwn uf giiM, the uiunl
reward according to the law, an.l to erect hii
Hyrrani, and as deluiled by the mmenest of their
namt!a: for that lielon.-s tot'io jlr«/ htifh iirie^t of this
name [John Ifyrranna] wlii 'h Jiisephiu hi-re nsrri^Ka
tn one that lived lat'r { Myrranua, the soi of Alexander
Janneiis.] However, the decree which he proiwaesta
■etdownfoI'Dvfs a little lawcr, in the collection of Bo-
man ilccrrrs, that roni-ernpil the Jevrs -and la that da-
ted when t'Bsar was contitl the filth time. See ch. I. &
4^ ,
1^
.}U.-
'* 'X
mr
ANTIUUITlKiJ OF THK JEWS.
Mlva in braM In tha trmpU of DrmM, ani) o(
the tlracM; anil thai thi. |>ri uiii iif ■ cruwii
•hull l>o priiClHifuad |iulili('l; in th« tliratrr, in
Iho l>i 'nytian thuwt, whili- Oie nni* IraKnlK'i
•ni »• tiiiKi /nil in Iba I'unalhtiKau, Kliuiinlpu,
•nil liyiiiniriil tbowt alxii ami that Iba cuni-
niuu' iii>h«ll Uka r.BTa. wbiln ba uirnllnar* In
bit lrifn;lfbi|i, and i)r«i»rrvi» l>i«j;ui|HI-will tu u«,
tu iiluin all |Hiiii>ib|« Imnor umrfavor Id llm
nnn for liU alUclinn uiid ((iii. rjiflty ; llinl l>> t'li*
trcuiiiii nl il iiiiiy apiwar buji^^fiur \m>\i\v rf-ceiva
tha k'oil liiiiilly, and n^pay lhrn> a fKiilubla r«-
Wirfi; nnd hs ni»jr Ha indntrd la |>roet-«l in hi»
•dtrliiin towuril* u«, b) Ibr boimrl we have »l-
rfaih |mid him. Ihiit Hiiilia»uilur> !><• aUo ch<>-
l«n nut »l' all Iha Albrl'iahi, who fbull rarry thii
iliiriir (II hliii, and ili'iiirK him tii ntcrnl iif (ha
honorii wo ilo him, omiI Io riiiltiavnr hlwaya lo
ba iliiiit;; «Mii« Kiiud to out ril)." Anil thia ihull
•uAi'v u» to have »iivkru aa ti» the honun that
wori' jiniil liy Ilia lluiiian* und tha p«uple o(
Alht^iii to llyrchiiua.
CllAI'. IX.
Hmo Jlnlipaltr eoinmiHttl tht Care.^ Oaliletto
litrud.und lUut nfjtriitnhm IXh-Pha$dtliit; at
aim, liow Utriut, ituon the. /tint' (iii'y a( yJn-
lifatcr, waM acciiatd btfurt l/yfca)w$.
( I. i\tiW nh<:n Cit-iar h|iil mttlnl the nfliilraof
Syria, hu •.lilul uwa) ; and hi »i)on im Antipater
had iHiiilucliil C'li'.ur out til' Syriii. he returned
to Jiiiltn: lie ihi n iiiinieiiiulily ntiied up the
wall, whirb hud lieen thrown diiwil by I'mHitey ;
anil, by coining thllhei', he pacilitd thni tumult
which liBil been in tlie iimntry ; and thin by hi>tb
thr<;iiti.iiinK Hiid udvi^iiii; them to be ipiiet. fur
that "it they would lie of lljrciinun'a side, they
would li>e hufi|ill^, mill bud their Jive* without
(lifilurbani'e. in the enjoyment of their own po«-
■eati'ina; but if they were add ii'ted to the ho|ics
of wh»t niuy come by innovniion, un.l aimed to
ret wenllll thereby, they iihould huve him n He-
vere imister, inilt.iid ol'u gentle governor; and
llyrCnnua a tyrant, inttead of n king; nnd the
RoniHiH. toge'tlur with (-'leiiar, their bitter «ne-
niiea, instead of ruUmi for thiit thev would
never beur bun to be net aaiile whom they had
appointed togovorn." And when Antinalerhad
■aid this tu tliein, he him.ielf nettled tlie iilliiirK
of this couuti'V. . '
2. And aeefiig thut Uyrcnnna wtiii of a alow
, and ajuthfiil temper, he niuilv I'haoiilua, hia
eldcat' aon, goveruor of Jeruaiileni, and of the
plarea thut were about il, hut emiimitteiKinlilee
tuHirod, hiinevtsuir, whowaathena very young
man, l\>r he wai but hfteen yeara of nge;» but
that y oiith of hia was, no impediment to him ; but
aa he waa a yjuuth of great minii, he preaently
met withuun opportunity of aigniilizing hia cou-
rage; for finding that there w»« one Iletekias,
a caplnin of a band uf rolihera, who overran the
neighboring jinrta of .Syria, with a great truon
of (hian, he aeized him. niid 'bw hiin, aa wcil
ai il great numlier.of thti other robbera that were
with him; for Avhicli action- be wna gceatly be-
oved by the Syriana; for when they were very
deairoua to have their country freed from thia
' neat of roblwri, he purged it of them: ao they
aung Kon;;^ in hia comnientiation, in their villages
and ciiii a, us having procured tlirin peace, and
the vi cuie enjoyment of their possessions, and
On till? ucrpunt it was that he liecame known to
♦ Those who will rarcfulij- otw'erve the several ocra'
rional mini* era niiil r.|iruiio!oi;iral clinrarlera in the life
and ill all. of tliia llcroil, ami of Ilia rhitittrn.liereafter
Jtaitus Cmnr, who wai a ralation of Iha ntal
(liaaar, and wa» now nreaident of Syria. Now
I'haiarlua, lierod'a lirulher, waa innved witK
emulation at hia artimia, nnd «nt iad the fania ha
had thereby gotten, and beram' aiubilioiii not to
ha hehindhand with hiiii in deiarving ili ao b«
made the inhabitanta of Jrruaaleui bear him tha
grealeal giHid-will, while he hehl the city him-
self, iHit did neilher niannge lit alhirs iniprouer-
ly, nor abuse his anihiirity lliervin. TIlia cgnuiict
procurrtl from the nation lo Antipalet MliW!' >*■
spect aa is dua In kings, and such }ionort as h«
might partaka of, if he war* on absulula bn! of '
the rnunlry. Vet did not thia splendor nf hia,
aa freipiently liap|i«ii<, in the leaat diminish In
him that kindness and litlelily which he owed tu >
llyrcanua.
9. Itut now tha principal men among the Jewa,
when they aaw Antifialer and hia aona lo grow
•o niui'h in the good-will the nation bare tu them,
ami In the revenues which they received out «T
Juilea, and out nf Xyrcaniia'a own wealth, lh«y
became ill dinpoaed lu him: for indeed Antipa-
ter had contrnrteil a frieiidahip with Iha Honian
enr|ierors! ami when he had prevailed with llyr-
onua lo send them money, he took il to himself
and purloined the preienl intenikd, and aent it
n« if It Were hia own, und not llyrcanus'a gift to
them. llyrcanua heard nf this tiia manageiiienl.
but took no cure about il; nay, he rather was
very glad of it: but tlie chief men of the Jews
were therefore in fear, because they saw that
Herod was a violent ami bold inan, and very de-
airoua of ncliiig tyrannically; ao they came to
llyrcanua, aoir now nccuaed Antipater openly,
and said to him, " How long wilt thou be (piiel
ninfer inch uctioris aa arc now done'( Or dost
thoN not see that Antipater and his sons have
already seiied upon the governiuenn and that
it is only the name of a king which is given theel
Kut do'not thou sufl'i r these Ihinga lo bu hiilden
from thee; nor do thou think lo escape danger,
by being ao cnreleas of thyself and of thy king-
dom; for Antipater and his aona are not now
alewnrila of thine aHuirt: do not thou dfceive
thyaelf with such a notion; they ore evidently
ttbaolute lords, for Herod, Antipater's son, hath
slain lleiekiah ami those that were with him, and
halh thereby triiiisgniaaed our law, which hath
forbiijden to alay any man, even though ho were
a wicked man. unlcaa he had been first condemn-
ed to auffer death by Ihc aanhedriin;f yet hath
he been so insolent an to do this, and that without
any authority from thee." ,. ;
4. Upon HyrcunuB htiiring (hi*, he complied
H ith them. The niQthera also of those that had
been slain by Ileroil raiaed this indignation; for
those women continued every day, in the temple,
persuading the king and the people, thai Herod
might undergo a trial before the sanhedrim for
what he hail done. Hyrcanua was ao moved by
these compliiiiita, that tie auinmoned Herod lo
come to his trial, for what waa chamd uimn
iiim. Acconlinglyiie cahie: but his filher had
Ecrauaded him to ronie not like a priyate man.
ut with a guard, for the security of his ptirSion ;
and (ha( when he hnir»e((led (he affairs otfialilee
in (he best manner he could for his own advan-
tage, heahould coine lo his trial, but atilfwilh a
boily of men sufticient for his seriirity, on his
joitrnvy, yet so that he should not come ^ith sO
great a force' aa might look like terrifying Hyr-
canua. but alill snch u one aa might not expose
t It is liere wortli our wlillc lo remiirk, that none could
lie |<iit to dciitii ia Jiiilea but Jiy tlic approlialion of the
Jewisli BBnliedrim.llicri! iiolni! aii'eirclleiit iiroviaion
andiii'iiiit 01 inia iieroa, aim oi nia rMiiiwen.iiereaiier ■ jewtsn BHnHeurim.iiren: >r.-ii,ii «■..:«< .-..^ "- i".--
nolc.1, wi'l see, tliat twtiittifirryefra, and not fifteen, i In i lie law of Moaoa. that even in criminal causes, ami
mu*t lor rertain have been 1 ere Jose|ilius> own num- ; particularly where life wiis concerned, an nppeai
tber tor llu- ase of Herod, when he waa made governor alionid He, from tl e 'esaer roiinrlia of seven In Ihc other
of (iaiilce. See chap, xxli'i. acct. !>. end chap. xxiv. sect, cities, lo the auprcine rounril of fevenly one at Jcruaa-
7, nnd partirularly Antiq. h. xvii. chap. viii. aect. 1, 1 leni. Andthis ia exnnly ai-rording to our Bavioiira
Whc'C aiinut 44 yearaalierward Herod dkisnn old man [ words when lie saya. /' rnuld not he that a pnpht
•tntwutTO I «ikgaMp<rt«*(niti!/VanMa<eai,Lukoxiu. 33.
DOOK XIV.-CIIAP. X,
Wl
untuimUil [In hit «n«nii<<«.3 {'<■'* Ih* Mnhrrlriiq; liiil hit falhurAnlipal^r,
I (f?«Mr, prioiilriit iif Sjrriit, ' bia hriilhcr [I'huMrlua,] liicl him, mul. hiiiil
him niik«(I »nA
Howrvir, H«»lin {'.uttf, prmidfiit nf Njr
«ym(* to Mjrfunu*, nyii <l«irfcl hiiii ti i l>nr ' h iii Crpin aMiiuliiiix Jrhitiiltin. 'riiiv atfo pa-
mil
'rml
|l*rn(l, apil iljaniiaii him *t lii< Irlnl, hiiiI llirii>s-
' «nc<l liiiu Irafcirrhnnll, if hi ilirl ii'il ilo it. Whuli
•piatlr iif III! WM lh« iifC»*uHt ii( Hjrn-miiii't >!«•
livrrliiK MtruA IVohi (uiri'riiig miy huriii I'miii th«
•iiiihi'dmii, for lti< linml liliii iii hm own ooii. lint
wlirii UrMil utmiil linLiro th« viinlii'ilriHi with
hi* Imily of m«ii ulioiil hiiu, lu* niriiichlcil (Ik-iii
•11, •ml no oitc if kit f iriiKir iiinuo n ilurtt iifliir
■hut hrini miy cbiir)(<: hkhIikI Iiiiii. fiiit Ihrrn wui
ft Amrp iili'iH'f, auil uoUailjr kucw what WM lo
rirt«(t hi* •rhmiti-ni Irmiirr, mul |Mr<u<i>lril hin
to ilu no owrt Kcllnii, hut oply I'l ulTriKht Iham
with thimliiiiiiK*, Niiil III iir.nrril no fiirthar
SKuintl onr who huil ((itrii bini the (liKiiity ha
hull; thty alio i!r>ir>'<l hiiu mil only uol to t«
■nyry th'it ho wii< >iiiiinMii<'0, iiiKt ohllriil lo
roiiic lo hi> Irlal, hut tn iriiiiiiilH'r witliiii, hpw
tin it»» ilitiuiMcd without iiiiiilriiiiMrinn, anil
tiuw h* ouxht In (rivr Hyrriiitlit think* lor iha
■anir, nml ihni hi- wim n«l to n'^inl luily whkl
bf iloiiv. Wh<;ii ulliiira >luo>l thui, one wbimn t wa» <lius;rai'iilili' lo bini, nn<l Im uiiUmnltfiil for
naiuK wa« Si'iuraj," ii riihuoutniaii hi- wii», iiiitl ' hit iUlivcraiir«'. So thry <lr»irril bini to loil
for that rni»on ab.ivr nil h»r, rii«! up, nBfl wicl, ; titlrr, that •in-a it i«(ioil that lunn tlvf ii-..!* ■• of
"O you thai art: ihnnnoM Willi iiki, hiiiI O thou war, llieie in ((riiit iiiM«Ttainty in thr i...M« of
that url our kiiiK, I nrilhi-r Inivn vvir iiuu'lf | liattka, ami that thi'ri.f.iri'b< ou)rht not to i i|'rc(
iknoiVii nurli H rii^Mi, nor il.> I ■U|>|io<p|liat ailtonr ! tbr tirtory, whitn Kr aliouiil (i|j;lil with iiii k.iiK,
*of YOU I'liii iiHiii)) iti iianillcli thiit our Uno i« iii|(l hiio thai had •upnortnl bun. iinil iH-MnnKii
calleil lo likki^ hi* triul liy ui I'wr aloo'il' in aui'li I nuiny brncliu u|h)ii hiiii, ami had i.^ui' nothiug
a ininiK'r Ixilore M»i hul ruTy onr, Khnaoevef j dt lUrlt vrry iOKn: to liiiii, for thut hi* iicfu-
he Ix', tinil coini't lo \n: liitil liy this •nnholrini, | •ntion. Mihicli waa ilt'Civnl from evil louniilhira,
iif«ai'iito hiinttll III a >iiliini9.>i<ri! niunntr, nml i anil n.it from biinaplf, hni* Lillirr the aiiipicioo
ikti uiiR liiut ia in l«-ur of hinioi:)!. uuJ llmt t n- of aouif afV« rity, tlmn iiiiy liiiii^ riiillv arv^rn in
ling (.'iir-
w)iu ia
(fnavora to movr iia tJ (■•ini|iii>«ion, with liia
hair ili>>h('vi lli'it, mi'l in \iUvii niournii
liienia'. bnt thla adniiruhitt niun llrroil,
BCttiMid of iniiTiler, nml rallid to amwer to
Iwuvv an HikHaHlion. aliiijiln lien- cIiIIumI in
purpli', and with tli« huir of liia head iHuly
Irininiuil, and with bii nriii« I nicii uhunt hiin,
that if wv ali.dl roiidi
it. ilrrxl n la pvrauudrd by iIkm Hr|(uiiirnlt,
uuif bi lii^vid ihni it wa* aflfllrit'nl f.r hia liiUira
boix't to bnvr lUH'la a altow of hi» atri-mjlh
lirforii thi' niilio.ii, and ilon<' no mom to it: Upi>
thia klHlv wiru iha nllaira of Judra nl ihia llpl,
CIIAl'. X.
iidi inn him li) our law, b« mnv i The tlimori thai ircre paid Iht Jewl; and Iht
ilay ua, and h_v overlwurinu ju^lii.', may himulf' J.tn^un Ihal irere.ma'U by. Ike Homan$,an4
ctcapir death.' Y«l dj noil niiikii'liit t;oin|il.iiiit ollter uVuliotn, wi'K Ihem.
•laliikl Herod liiinaidf: bi^ ia lo b« vure iiiiore 1
conccrnid for himailf thiin f.it tli« luwa; but mv } 1. Now wlim < »»nr wiw ronir to Ronia,
euii'pluint U n|{niHit yoiiriiclvc", nml your kin,';, he win riMilv lo aiid lo Africa to ll|;M nKHinit
wbc gnviv him a licenao no lo do. jiowmr, !5i;'ipii> ami t.iito, when 1 ly rcunua wot anilmai*.
takfl you notice, tlmltiod in Rrtat, and thnt lhi< | dom lo him, and by Ihciu d'aired thai he would
vBty nmii, whom mmi arn KJi"S '" "'"<»(*'« and j mtity iliut bi'-iio uf Irirndahip and mutual ulli-
JiaininH, fi.r the dike nl llM.amu. wi* UBo 'i"V ' imfv »vliiili wua lidrtcvn timii. And it a«eiii»
punifh liiith you nnd vonr kiii^ hiinaelf b1«o.'' i to mr l.i lo' mcrilaniy li.rf lo n'lvr an nccoiint bl
Nor did ycnxiia nii.tnkl' in miy piirt of thi> pre- nil (In honor, IImi Ihi- llwn.iia nml tlif if i iii-
dictton; for when ll>;rod had received the kiUR- I pemr* |m',l to onr nalion, nnd of the len((ti«'» of
dom, hualfcw all the nieiiil«.ra(jf tliiHSnnhcdrim, ! imilnni aasiatiinre lliry h«vf miide with it, thaj
■f-and llyrcaiiiia bimaeir aUo, exceptiii); Kemeiis I nil Ihc. leat of mankiml may know wnat ri|?ard
for b<^ n id « grciit honor for bint on account of ; the kinK^ of A»in and I'.nnipt: have bad to ua, and
hil rishtcouaneaa, and becauau »ll«ii tin- city | thut t'.ily bii?v been H».umbinlly aatia/lnl of our
wotniUiward lie«ie(;rd by lleiod tiiiil SoHiin, Im' ; co.iruK"""'! fidelity; lor, wh. rena many will not
pertuaded the people lo uilniit Herod injo it ; nml , In low ivhul lin» been wrillen about iia by tha
told tl-ein, ■" That for their aini they wonUI not V« raiaii* nnd MncediMliun", lierauac tboae Wri-
be able lo tsinpe bin humla." V\ hicli tbinsi»vill timiaure o. I every where to he nift with, rtor do
bfl reliiltd hv ui in their proper placea. I lie In pu'dic places but HHioiit; ut onraeUci.
6. But iTlienllyrcauiM saw that tjie nieiubcra | nml certain other luirlmrona nationa, while^tborp
of the aHnheilrim ivern ready to pronounce the i ia no contriuliction to i|)e made anainat thv de-
tenlenre of deaih upon Herod, he pat olf thu 1 rr«'e« of the Homans, for they arfl hud up io
trial to (mother day, and aentpriialelylo Herod, 'the. public place* Of llio citiM. and are eilant
and ad\ i?ed him to Hv out of llie cily, for that atill in the capilol. and eueraytn upon pdhira of
by thi-« mians he nHght eacnpe. So ho retired ! braas; n«v, beaidca thia, Jiibua (;»iaiir made it
Daniiucua, iia ihoiiuh ho ileil from tli^Aimr; ' ndbir of oraa* Tor the Jewa of Aletnndria, and
IhaiiBh he licd from tligi^lfing; ' pillar of braa* Tor the J*
1 been with Sextua Ci^^i*', nnd declared publiclv that they
"" "- — !>•• — WIRT o. I. . .... |j,j|,„, ,!,,.,. .„,,,r^^iti,e,„ of Alrt-
had mit hia own affairs in a ture iwsture, he re- ' nndrin. Out of thwc evidendet will I demon-
tplved lo do Ihua, lliat in cine he were upiin i atnite whtit 1 aav; and will now act down the
■u|iiinon-:d beforrtbo aanliedriin to take l.inlrial, i decrees iiixle both by tlie senate, and by Juliui
be would not (djcy that suiiimona. Hereupon the Cii'aar. which relate to llyrcanua, and to our n»-
niember.'i of the sanhedrim had ^real indigmilion lion. ■ . . .
■t this poature of nll'iiirs, and endeavored to 2. "Caiun Julius Ciraar, nnperalor and high
persuade Hyrcamis that all thcsn things were ' priest, and dictator the second time, tii the ina-
BguinM him. W'bich ftalc of matters he was not gistrat a, aeiif.lc and peopln of Sidoii, leiidrth
iKnornnl of, but bis trmper was so unmanly, and I greeting: Ifyoiibcin heuttb, it ia well. I also
•o foolish, that he wa" able to do nothing at all. , and the: ormy are .well. 1 have sent you a copy
But when Se\tus hud niade Herod gencrfcl of . of that decree, registered on the tables, which
the army of Ca-bsy lis. for he sold bini that post ' cimcerns Uyrcamit, tlie son of Alexander, the
for money, IIyrc:Ini:» was in fear lest llerod 1 high prie.it and ethnandi of Jhc Jews, that it
ahould make i.ar upon him; nor was the effect ' way be laid up among the public records; and I
of what he feared long in coming upon him, fof will that it be openly jiroiiuseil in ii table of brats,
Herod came and brongbt an army along with biitli in (JTceV and in Latin: it is a« follows: I
him; to light with llyrcunii'^, ns being angry ut Julius (;.es.ir, ihiperator the second time, and
the trial Tie had been summoned to Undergo be- high priest, have made this decree, with the ap-
. This arroimt, ns Ilnlaail ohscrves, is ronflrmed hy 'probation of the senate: Whereas My rcanut,
the Talmiiilists, who call thU Hemoas, Simaoa (*« »<>» , the son of Alexander the Jevf, hath detuooitra-
*JF aitttmk. .
■ . 38 ■ ■ , . . ^ ■ -xf-^.
■•'J.
A
"1
^I
■•♦f.
!M8
ltd bi» Itlrliijr toil dltlytnc* about our lAiiln,
mkI ikU bulk now anii in furiiwr liiiio. bulh lu
Ctt'i' aail in wifr. •* nuui) of uur (wuarlU ha«a
rn>' wi(ii«n, nut! cauM In our aaattfanca in Iha
bat Alaiantlrmii war* willt Aftccit huniWtil «ul-
diar»i and wlirn hv waa srut 1)/ iii« In Mltbri-
dalaa, •buwrtid hiuiwll' •npsrior in valur lu all
lh« rvil o( lliat amijri fur th*«a rranina I. will
that lljrrcanua lha iun of ^AIctalKll>r, knd III*
cliililr«n, lu' atbnar<:ha o( Ihc Jpwa, and hara tha
biKli |iri<»(b>iiKl u( Ibc Jt »■ lur ««Kr, accordiiit
lu tba cuatuuii of Ihair fnralulliarn, uuil ibat ha
ud bil niut ba our onnfciicraiea. and ibat b«-
•idta lliiti atanr vnu uf Ihtiuba rrrliiint'd aiiioiir
our (larlii ular fricnda. I alw ordaj|i that hx and
hit childri M retain whaltotivrr prir^U'ifna brIuliK
lu till' ullic« ul higb pric'il, or wbataoHvcr favuri
havo b4'rn bilhcrlu ifrantrd tb«ni. Al><l if at
My tuna liinafirr tlierti arixi! any c|uciliona
■buul Ilia Juwi)b cuatunia, | will tli»t h« datrr-
uiinu tba auiii«. And I think it yut prupor tbal
Ibcj (bould br ublJKi^d to lliid ua ivinltr uuarlari.
or thnl any inoiiiy aboiild li« ra<|uiriiil ul thrni."
3. "Tba d«vn«i uf Cuiua Cn-iafi coniiil, con-
lalMiii( what had been grantad and dclcimiu«d,
kraar folluwt: That Hyrcaoui and il/ii cbiblrvn
b«Hr ru(r over tba nation of tha Jaw^, and have
Ihu prutil* of |bt' place* lu tbeni bci|U«allied:
and Ibat he, ai biniaelf ibe high prirntniid ttb-
narch of jtliu Jiwn, deliiid tbotu tbut *ru injured.
And that anilntMudum b<^ mnt to ll«ri-aiiuii Ihr
ton of A|i:aand*r, tbit bi^h prieit uf the Jewi,
Ibat nia^ dUcuuTM with iiini about nl loague of
fricnLMii|kani|inulual auitl.inri', and llial a lablu
of brii>>, itunluiiiiiiK tlin pri niiwi, br 0|Hiily pro-
jpot^d in the OHpildl, ami nt Sidoii, anil Tyro, and
Aakrlou, IMid il; the teiiipl«) cnyraTun in Konian
Md Ureuk Ivtteh: that tbii deCrrr ni«y uUn be
euinm<iui(iuled to tba quicitora atid pra-tora of tbu
Mveral ciliet, and lu the frienda of i>'W«; and
that the anibuaiadura may have preii^ntu niiule
Iheui, and that tliea6 tlccriei be ■cut cver}^ wberc.'*
4. " (^aiut Cinaar, iuimiratur, diclator) ciiiiiul,
bath i^nioli'd, That out ol iregurd to thi bonwr,
and virtnr.und kimlneia of |li« man, und fur Ibc
■dvanlagfl of the «eiihte, and of tl-''- pruple of
Roiur. rivrcanus, the toil of Al'^^amler, ^th he
and bit children, be hi|j;h prieils nnd pri^ita of
Jdruialriiii'lind of the Jewi>b nation, by Ih^ faiiiu
right, and uccordiiig to the Miitelawit, by which
i Ibeir progcnitnra have held the nrietlboud^"
5. "Gaiin Cii'Kiir, consul tbl* fifib liniei halh
decrcril, Thai the Jc\v« khull pusieni Jeruiiblem,
•nd iniiy encompnia that city; with wall*'; and
that, tlyrcanus, tl|o ton of Alexander, Ibu. high
jwirnt and etbnurch of th» Jewi, retain it, ih the
tuannnr he binmcir plcaaea; und tbut the jewa
be all.iwed to iludu<:l out of their tribute ^try
tecond year the lund it let [in theaobbatic period]
• roruii of Ihul tribute, and that the tribute ibey
pay bi: nut let to farm, uor tbit they pay alWati
Ihc Mine tribute." ,
6. " Cuius Ciriiar, inipcrotor the lecnnd lime,
hath ordained, Tbut all the country of Ihe Jewa,
exci'jHine Jopim, do pay a tribute yeurlv for the
city ol Jerutaleiu, exceplin); the aevehlli; vrhi^h
ihey cult the aabbalicul year, becuuae therebn
tlity neither receive the fruita bf their treea, ndr
do tdey »o»ij their lundj and that they pay theif
tribiitu in Sidon on the second year [of that
saLbHiitnlueripd,] the fourth part of wtiai was
■own: umf besides tbia, the^ are to pav tb^
•anie tithes to Hyrcanua and liiksons, wiilcMbey'
paid to their forel'iithers. Aid that no one,'
ueitlier president, nur lieutenant, Uor ambassa-
dor, nda'.-BUxiliuriea within thd bounds of Judca,
* That Myrrnnua was liiinwlf >ii P^vpl, nloni; with
Andpater ni tliisiimc, to whom irrordinuly (lie IwM
•nd prudent acMoiis of his di-pulyi Aiiiipa'er are here
■Mrll'cd, as lliitderre< of Julius Cieiinr suppqaea, we
■rafHrthcraMuredbytlielesiiinony '""-'- " '
proilucad Ijv Jospphua, rh. vlil. wet
JCHTIQUITIE8 OF TIIK JEWS.
of Htralio, already
2.
nw<JU\.«,i ••/ .fu:H-pilUI, ril. Vni. KfTI. V.
t Dr. HiidauiiJusUy auppeaes, tbudUieae Koman Impt
nor may ioldiars aiacl money of thain for winter
iiuartara, or under any uthrr pretence, but thai
they may be free fmni all surls of ii^uritsi aiid
thill whataoaver they shall baraaftar have, aad
are in (Hisaeaaioit iif, or have lmu||hl, Ihay shall
retain ibrui all. It is alan our pleasure, that ibe
city of Jo^iw, wbii'h tba Jews had nri|[iually,
)fhcn Ihey iiiada a league uf fri^ndabip with tha
Romans, shall belong to litem, as it furiiierly
ifid, and that llyrrunua, lha son uf Alviandar,
and his son*, bava as Iributa of Ihal ,rity Iruni
those that occupy tne land for the ^dunlry, and
for tthatthcjr eipurt every yaarto Hiilun, t'winty
thuuseild, SIX buiwlrrdt, and seventy-ttv« niui|it
every year, lb* aevantn year, which Ihay cal
Ihe subbatic year,, excepted, whereon they nei-
ther plough nor receive the pro<luct of Iheir
tress. It la »\fo the pleaaure of the aenale, Ibiil
as to Ihe village* which are in Ibii great plain,
which Hyicanua and his forefalhera furiiierly
possessed, ilyrrunus and lha Jews have them
with the sanie privileges with which Ihey for-
merly had ibrm also, ami thnt the same original
ordinances rrniain still in force, which concrrn
the Jews, wil6 regani to tbl ir high prietliti and
that Ibi'V enjiiy the same lieiiehts which they
have had (oriiirrly by the concession of the piu-
nle, and of the senate, and lei Ibein ei^iiy the
like privileges in l.ydda. It is the pleasure ulso
of the aenule, that llyrcunus the ethnarch, and
the Jews, retain lhiis<^ places, countries, and vil-
liiicea, which beliAigecl lo the kingr of Syria and
I'haDnicia, the conredemles of Ihe Homans, and
which they had bestowed oil tbeni as their free
gifla. it IS also grnnted to llyrcanus, and to
his sons, nnd lu tne ambassadors by them sent
to u(, that in Ihe lights between single gla-
diators, and in Ihosii with beasis, Ihey shall sit
aiitOng the senator* to see those showa, and
Ibat when Ihey desire an aodience, Ihey shall be
intrixluced into the senate by the dicintox, or by
(hr .eneral of the horse: und when they have
loll iiluced them their unswers shall be niiiriied
tbeui in ten days nt Ihe farthest, after the decree
of the senate is inude about Ibeir olfulrs."
7. " Cuius CiesAr,iinprralor,ilictotnrthefnurth
time, and consul Ihe fifth time, declared lu be
(icrpelual diclator, iimde this speech concerning
the rights and privileges of Hyrruniis the iton of
Alekunilcr, the high priest and ethnarch of the
Jews. Since those imperatoraf that have been
in the provinces before me Itlive borne witness to
llyrcunus, the high priest of the Jews, and to the
Jews ttieniselves, and this before ttie sftnate and
people of Rome, wh^n the people and senate re-
turned their thanks to them, it is girad that we
now also remember the same, and provide that
u re<>uitnl be made to liyrcunUs, to the nution of
the Jews, und to the suns uf llyrcunus, by Ihe
sr.nnte und people of Koine, and thnt suitably to
what good wi)l they have shown ua, and to the
benefits Ihey have bestowed upon Us."
8. "Julius Cuius, pru'tor ("conful] of Rome, to
the magistrates, senate, und iieoprc of the Pa-
rians, sendeth greeting. The Jews of l)elos
and some other Jews Uiat sojourn there, in the
presence of your fihibussadors, signified to as,
tbut by a decree 4^*V^Uf, you forbid them lb
make use of tbeuislouiiartheir forefathers, and
their way of sacred worahip. Now it does nol
please me, that' such decrees shoulil be mude
against our friends, and confederates, whereby
they ure forbidden to live uCcording to their own
custuiiis, or 16 bring in contributions for coiiiiiion
suppers und holy festivuls while they are not
forbidden so to do even at Rome itself; for even
ratora, or generals ofarmleii, meant both here and serf. 2,
who xave testimony to llyrraiius's and the Jens' falth-
(iilnim nnd (loodwlll to the Koinuns, lieforo the senata
and people of Koiiie, werepriiicipnily PoinpeySf:iiirua«
nd (Salilniiis; ornll whom Jotiephushudnlreiidy given
uii Ike history, ao far aa tile Jews were concerneiii with
tliom.
B(K)K xiv.-arAP. X,
>!■• rii*wr, nnr tinp*r»lni anil roiuul, in (hat
t.«<;niii WflitrKln h« ri>rbwl« lli« llwi'lianiil riutrr*
to ni*«l in thn I'll) , (llil jrri prrnill lliriii' Jrwa,
and Ihtan only, Ihitli to I'rinK in lh*tr fMiitrihu-
tliinii, Hi|i| Id MiHJia ihrir roniniiMi tniipar*. Ac*
cortllniil)', Milicn I rurliid ulb*r Itacrhanal riolrrt, \
I prriiill lh«<* Jcn« In |*4hrr thrinaflvta lo-
nlhvr, aenirilinK ^' ''** f »'*'><»* anil lai** of
Inalr UtttMhtn, ami lo |Mr>ii>l iJianin. Il will
b« Iharffor* rixhI fur ynu, Ihal it yuu hitva mada I
any drcraa agalnti ln«r nur frirmla and rnn- |
(■Klanilri, In alinignlx lli«< Mill*, lijr rcaxm uf i
Ihrir virluo and kiml dii|i<iiiliiin towariU iit."
9. Mow afli r Caina wim (Uin, whin KUrcua
Antiinina, and Puldiua Uolalirlla, wrra runaxla, I
ttiajr biilh aaacnihifil Ilia arnitir, and inlrwliicrd
Hyrciinua'« andiiitMdora 'inln il, and diaruurwd
01 what tlicjf drairrd, ami ninda a Icagur ul rrlciid*
•hip will) Ihnii. 'I'll* at'iialo alto drrrard tu
^rant Ihvin all Ihay dnirtil. I add Ikr dcrrca
llMr, llmt thoai' who rrud tha prcaviil work may
liava rrady by IhiMii a dviniinalruiion orilii) trutn
uf what w« lay : ilio drirco waa Ihiai
lU, "Thii ilcrn'r of llir a<nntn, copied out nf
tha lrtlli>ur), froiii Ihn piddir tiddra lM'liiii|(inK to
the qui^fdirai whrn Qninlua Hulilina ami t'liiua
Cunit'liuo were i|Uwi«lora, und lnk«ti put ol' Ihc
irconil talilr of lli« (irai cluan, on iJio lliird dny
bcfora Iho HJL'a of April, in tha Itiiipic ul Con-
cord. .Thtrn w«r<> pn M'lit nl Ihc wrilinir id' Ihia
decree, liuriiia Cnlpuriiiua I'iao of )hi' ^(l'nl'nlHn
Irihe, Sprviua I'ajiiniiia I'ntlliia of the (.inioiilau
tribe, Caiiia CHiiiniua Krbiliua of th« 'I'arfiiiiiir
tribv, i'abliiiH Tiiktiia, ■•ui'ini Apuliiiua, tlie aim
of l.iiciiia, of the SiTKinn triiir, I liivinn, the anu
of Luciua, of the l.iiiinniuil IiiIm', I'uliliua I'In-
tlua, the aim ol I'lildiua, of the I'apjriiui Iriliis
Marrlia-Ai-iliua, thti aon of Marcua, ol'llir M<-
cian Iriliv, l,uciiia Kruriiia, Ihr aon of l.iiiiui, of
the Stillalini' tribi!, Klan'ua (juiiiliia I'laiicillua,
Ihi^ aon of iVtiirru'i, uf lh« I'olliiui tribf, ami I'ub^
liua Strioa. rul>liut Uid.ibillii, and Miin:u«. An-
tuninx, the riinauU, iiiiidc thii rffrreiicr to the
lenatr, that aa to ihimi' tliiiiKH uhich, by (he dc-
Oree of the aiimli, ('iiiua (..rxar liiiir ailimlgrd
■bout the Ji'Wa, and yc:l liud not hithrrtolhiil di-
°crt'K bc< n br iii|;ht into the Iriii^urv, Itinoiir will,
■a it la nlau thr Uraiir Tif I'uliliut hididirlhi, iiiiil
Marrui Aiitonlua, oUrroiiKiila, |o hiivr thtae do-
crcea put iiitii the pilblH' liddrii, ani^l liruUKhl to
llie city ipiiralora, that thny iii.iy tuku. cam lu
have Iheui imt upon tliu iloublr tiddi'a!- Thl:i
iroa duiiu birl.>rc' th<' li.'lh of (he idea ul' I'ebruHry ,
in tht: tviiipir «r Coiii'iinl. Mow thr loiibnasH-
dura frniu ilyiiviiiuii the hi)(h prieat weri' tlitv',
Lysinmrhna the ami id fnuaniii.ia, AliAniii'ir tht:
tun of Thi odoriK, I'litrotlua the aim ul' Chciiui,
•nd J mntiinn the ((HI of UniHa."
II. rlyri-'inui ami idso luie uf thex>' aniliaaan-
liora tu Uul»l» lla, nhu «vaa (hut the iirKfri't of
Atio, Hnd d<'iiire<l him lo diaiiiiia tlic Jcwa from
mitilMy acnice^, iind lo pt-eierve to Itiriii llie
cuaiv.iiir uflhvir foirlitthtra, and to pi riiiit Ihnii
to In'i'. i-ccordin;( lo them. And whi a l>ul:ib<llu
hud reroivt'd llyrcniiui a htlur, without mn fur-
th'jr dtKViurHtiun, hn.d.'iit iin epiatlo lo i<1l the
AainticF.' and partiruLirlv to the cily uf the
Ephi-sim;', ihe Hi<'trupi>lia of Alia, abwiil the
'280
aa tha fomier pri fecit
(idiiK Into the li
ha«a done aiK* |ier<HII thi'iii tu iiae iha rualumt
JcTa, ft I'xiiy of whii'h episth: here fulluwa:
I'i, >* VVntn Aitenion waa prvtania, uii thellrat
dky o'' the miiiith l.eneun, Dulabella imjiemtor,
to the «inute, unit niKf^iHlratea, and propli: uf the
Knhi'sifina, acuileth grectini^; AliMander, the aon
01 Thcnduriia, thr anibaaaador of llvrcanua, the
ion of Ahixnuder thr hi;;h prieat autrcthnarcli of
the J'cws, upptarttd btfure iiie, lo ihuw that his
coaniiyiiieii rouhl not go iillo their arinica, be.
Cauae lliey urn not allowed to. bear anna, or ti>
trar';! on the Snbhalh-duys, iiorHhere to nrucun
thimad.et those aoi la of fwHt which thry have
been uicd~ lo tul fi'oui the limes uf lluir I'urrfa-
th«n; I do therefore grant Uieut a freedom from
of Iheir forelallM'ia, in aMrnihlin|( |0|iii.«r fat
•acred an<l rtligimia pur|K'ii'», na th*ir liiw f«>
<|uire», and for lollvi Iiiik ulilnti.ina nritaikry (itf
McriArrai ami my will M, Ihai^uu write ihUlo
tftti *ev«r«l eilieruiuUr your Jiiiiaiiii'iion." >
I'J. Anil llieae werr4he ri,ni'<«iiiiit that Uohi-
brIU ina<Ui to our nation wh< n Hi riNnm aent an
eiidiaaaaK* to hini. Hut Liirlna llie roii'ul'a d«> ~
ere* ran Oiua: " I have ill m\ tribunal « t thew
Jrwa, wImi are rililvna of Idiiin', and ('>ll<>w the
JiWiah rellKiona ritea, and )«l live at Kphi oia,
free frum Koin|| into the army, on a>'i'nunl ol tha
•uprraliliun Ihey are umler, Thia waaiionr b»
fore the twi'lllh of the telelldt of Octoher, whan
Uurina I.enliilna, iind (.'aiua Mamllua, were run-
aula, ill the preaanre of 'I'ilua A'p|iiua liiil|rua, the
aon 01' Tilua, and lieutruant uf tha llurxliaa
trdwi of 't'ilua 'I'onKiua, Iht aon of Tilua, of the
IVuatuinine tribe j of Quinln* Ku^iua, ^he ion ot
<4uintui| of Titila l'oui)ieiua l,iiii;(inu*, thr v>n of
'I'ltua; of ('aiua ^arviliua, the ton of (.'aiiM, ot
lliii Tarrnlliie 'I'ribe; of HMbibua the niilitarjr
Iriliuna; of I'iddiiia IjiciiH (inllua, thr aim of
rnblliia, of Ihe Vituridir tnhi*; ol Ciiiua Srnl.iW,
Ihe aon of ('uiua, uf Ihe iSiibbnIiiii' tribe; id Ti-
lua Alliliua KuUuM, tha aon ol Tilui^ lit'iileiianl
uml vice-iirii'lnr, lo llu' iMaKiatnitva, arn'ile, and
people of Ihe rplloimia, x liiliilh ffriiiitlui : l.u-
liua l.rntuliia Ihe rnnaul Ireed the jewa Iniit ar*
in Akia I'ruui K">"t i"'" *'** am^iea, hi my intar^
I'raaion for Iheiii. And when I hnd ' maiii^ th«
aami' pilillun aumn lime afli rwnni to riiniiiiM
the impcraior, ami lo l.uctna Auloniua Ihn «ica«
i|iliralOr, I ubtnined that privdeKe of- iheni alaa|
undniy will ia, Ihut you take ilure thiit no on*
give them any illalurbanre."
14. The decree ul tiie Drlialia. "The aniiver
of Ihe pnelora, when Kenlua wna iirrhon, on Ilia
tweiilii'lh day uf Ihe iiionlh Thnr^ehon. Wliilfl
Moicua IV" I'le lieiitennnt lived ill our cily, who
una nlaoapp'iiiiliiloterlhi'i'hoire of Ihcaul liera,
he I'ulli'd iiH, uiid many othtr of Ihe rilitina, .
Mild Kuve orilir, ihiil if Ihrre hi' here any Jewa,
who are Ituimin rillieiia, no one i- to ((ive them
liny diiturlmni I lilioiil )(oiii^ into the army, ba>
rnn«e C'orni llu'l t.i nlulii«, Ihe ronaul, freed tha
Ji'wa from KoiuK into the ami} ^ on ucruuni uf lha
Kuii) mliliun tllt^ an: updir; yuu are thrnhira
ulili^id lu niibHiil to the pr;rlur." And Ihe lika
lU'crate wna inidi- by the Snriliana iiboul ua alto.
15. " (^nina I'hiiiiiiia, the aon uf Cuiua, iiii|ier*-
tor yiid ron>u|, to the niiiKiatrntea of ('oa. aend-
e(h ^reelin)(: I wouhl have you kno^ that tha
timbuaantlnm uf the Jewa have been with ni«>
mill deairi'd they might have tho>e decrees which
lliu ainiile hid inaile nboul thein( which decreet
ure liere aulijnini'd. My will ia, that you have •
K'gard In, nil. I take cnre of these nien, nccordiug
to the a, nnle't ilrcife, that they iiiajr be aaftiy
cuijyeyed home through your country. '
1(i. The liecluriitfun of l.iii'ina l.tntulu* lha
rnnauli " I have diaiiiiaacd tluiae .lewa who ara
Ktinaii ciliiKiia, and who apiie:ir'to nie lu have
their religioua rilif, an I to lAiai i ve the luwa of
tile Jewa ut Kphetiia, on acenunl of the auiierati-
tion they are under. Thia ail »vaa done liefora
Ihe thirteenth of the calen U of October."
17. "I.urius Antoniui, the ann of Marcui, vice-
qiiiritnr, and vlc<-priPtur, to the magiatrala*,
ainnle, and people uf the Sariliaiia, aeliileth
greeting: Those Jew* that are our ftlluw-cili>
zcna 111 Rome, came to me, iiii'l deiiiunatratad
that t!iey had an a^aelllbly ul ihi'ir own, accord-
iiii; to the laws of their fureiilhi ra, und thia from
ihebei^inning.ns alau a phueol'thiirown, whera*
in they acteniihied thur auila and controveraiea
with one another: upon Ihiir jMlition therefoia
lo me, Ihut theae mi|;ht be laivfel fi>r theiii, I ga*«
nitler th.il Iheae their privilegu* ba ureaervaiJ,
and they be |ieriuilted tu do avcordiogly."
i
I
I'
;'.^
300
ANTIQI)iTII.M or TIIR JKWM.
II. The ^frUnlloil of Mtrru* ruhtma, t'
•on a( H|iurM», (ml n( Msitim, Iha ton o( M
CM, •ml itl l.uriiK, iIm Oin nt Huhliuti " \ , r
itani In lli* priici.ii .1, itn<l iiif»nii>il him of what
l)oiiih«ui. In* ••III <if ('lro|Mlriil* of Aloamlrl*
ilmroil, thai If ha lhiiu|hl «imm<, ha wuukl ili>-
mIm Ihuaa Jawf who <*«ra Raman ciliifiM, awl
fvara wont to ubaarva tha Hit* itt Ilia JawUh r*-
llglon, nn •rrnunt of Iha in|)«'rilllion Ihajr arara
■Bilar. A< runlinily, ha iliil iliaiuia4 them 'H<^
WH iluaa iMrfura ika tbirlMiilh ul lha ruUinla of
VSUWVFi' T
19. "In lha monlll*CfMlntlll«, whan l.urlu*
Lanlttlua •lul Caiiit M^n rlliia wara lonxilai aiicl
thara wara praaanl 'riliia A|iptii« MallMia. lha win
uf Tiluk, liaulciiaiil of Ihr llorallan liilia, 'I'llua
Tunglui of Ilia (.'rudumlna irllia, (juliilua Kaalua
lha Mill iif Uuinlua, Titua l'iini|Miiii> lha ion of
TUui, Coriialiua l,oiiKinii>, f'aiua Sarviliua llrai-
rhua, Ihr aun of (.'aiua, ■ inililary Irlliuna, of lha
Tarcniliia Irlba, ruhliiiariaualiia (jalliia, lha agn
pf I'uliliiia, uf lha Vitiinaii Irllia, ('aliia Tanliiia
lha Mill of ('aiui, ■ niililarjr Iphiinr, uf Ihf Kiiii-
liin Irihn, Nailni Aliliut Narninua, tha aon of
Satlua, of th« Kaqullina Iriha, Caiua I'onipaliia,
lha Min of (.'aliia, of ihr Saliimliiia Iriliir, TIlua
Appiiia Mrnaiiilrr, Ilia aon ol i'iliia, I'iiIjIiid Sir
*iliu« MtralMi, Ihr ><iii ol I'ulilina, l.uflii* IViiiia
Caiiito, lha ion of Liiriiia, of Ihr f 'olliiio IrIha,
Aulua Knriut Trrllu*, th« ton of AuIm, aiiU Ap-
phla Mriiaa. In Ihr priarura of thrar it waa
that Lrnluliia pronouiiratl ihia ilrrrari I hkin
licforn tha tribunal iliaiiiiaard ihoac Jciva that arr
Roman citiirna, ami ara arrii«loiiiail to olwrtr
Ihn aiirrril ritat nf Ihr Jrwt at Kpha^ui, on ac-
count of thi' aupriatilion Ihay ara un'lar."
30. "Tha niuKialralaa uf Ibr l.voiliraana li>
Caiua Kuliiliua, ihr aon of (.'aiua, |ha riiu<iil,
■end Kra«'lii<|(. Hoiwlfr, tha amliaaaailur of tl}^r■
eaniia, Iho hi^h prlial, hath ticlivrrad ua an t-jiia-
tl« from tl\aa, wharaby ha Iria ua know, llint
certain anibaaandora wrrf coma from llyniiniua,
l|ir hi|;h pricat of Ihf Jrwa, anil liroiiKiil nil riiia-
tl« lariltrii runrrriitnK tlirir naliiio, wlurriii llirjr
daaira that lha Jawa may liii iilliiwail io ulinrrve
(bcir Habbatha and othrr •nirrd ritva. iircordiliK
to (ha Uwa of their forefallirra. and that Ihry
nay b« under no lomiHHml, brrnuar tliry ar<i
our frirnila and riinli'iliriilt-a, anil tUnt nulindy
■pay injure them Inour provliifra. Now.nllhoiiKli,
(he Iratlian* there preiaiit coulradirlad them,
■nd arerr not picnatil j|ith llirac deirirt, yi t
didll thou i|;ive orderAul thv.y ahould Jir oli-
aerved, and inforniedat^n that thou hadal hri^n
deiired tuwritethialiMiaiilioiil them. Wi: llii r«-
fore, in obciliance to tliu injuncliuna we have re-
ceived fniin Ihee, have n'ri:ivcd the epiatlc wlVivh
thou aenteal ua,and huvfilaid it iinliy itailfnnuinK
our public reronla. And na to the oilier Ihiiica
about which thou didat ceiid tu ua, we will lak^
care that no comnlnini be made u^ainal ua."
21. " I'ubliua Serviliua, the aun of i'ubllua> uf
the (lulbiin tribe, the prucuiiaul l» the Inii^it-
(ratra, aenate, and propfii of the Milrsiana, iriid-
«th Knetin^;: I'rytanta (Ji« aon of llrrmea, •
ritiiin (if Voura, came tu< me when I waa at
Ttaltri, and hdd k court there, and informed ine
(hatyouuied the Jewi in a way ditt'rrent froin
my oi'inion, and forbade Ibiin In rilebralellicir
S.ihliniha, and to perform the auerid ritia rr-
ceivid rrom their forrfnlhrn. and to innnaee the
frntlH of llie land arrordiil^r to ttieir nmiint I'na-
toui, nnd that he had hiniijlf been the proiuulKer
* Wo hiive here a moat remarkahlo and autlientle
Btleati.ii?! nf tlie'-lilrj>naari'er:niiiua, thi-t .4'irnhani
WMl''t' fniier of nil He llehruwa; th t thrlrown an-
rca<n a ' .'• re, In tlio u ilcat llinca, ''ic I'rU-vir of llioHe
llr!<riiwa: and f'al 'ho piihlie arta of Ihoir rily, tbim
aatni't. riinflnned the n:imr; whifh rvtilenre \* too
■lioiK 10 iHieva'leil l<v our prcai^ipt linaruiire ^i' lie
parllcii .'rarriiaiouori'W'h nni'ii'nt f'tendah!!) ninl ulll-
an"! !h.i veen II ive |i«ople. H<!e the 'ikr full rvhieiire
ofll.c klndrril of tlie l.nrcilemonlona hnd the Ii'ivn;
•nU't.iiit l«CBUie tliey were both Uit poaterlty of Alirt-,
'nfyiMirilaeeaa, aeeofdlaf m fimt lawa r*ii«ii«
I would lh«r«fure have ]ioi< bnitw, that 'ii|Nin
haarliiH lha |il<ia<lin|< on Inilh aniea, I a««» a**'
tenia lliat Ihn Jma ahi.akt nut Iw |ir>.liiliilail ip
iiiaka ua* at Ihair own (uatiima "
'ii. 'lha darraa of Ihoaa >i( l'ar>am|ia. Whaa
Cralliipua waa prylaaia, on tha Rial day of ik«
montlillaaliia, Ihaderrrr of lha pnatora waa thUi
" HInie lha Hiiinana, followini tha romlurt ol
thiir ani'rilora, iiiiderlalia ilNiij(ara for fit* com^
nion aylaly iif all nianliinil, and era ambiiiuua la
»tt\}t Ihrif r.snfrdafat** anil frtanda la h at lpl na a a
aifilinftrmiiaaraianUainra lha nation uf tha Jawa,
and ihrir ni|fli prieat llyreanua, aani aa anilia*.
aadora to Ihain, Hiralo, tha miu of 't'lieiilnlua,
and AiNilloniua, tha miu ol Ala>anil«r,and Kiiaaa,
lha aon of Anllimlar. anil Analobulna, lha aon of
Aniyntua, aiiil n>iai|iatar, lha aon ul l'hili(i, wor-
thy and ((ood inrn, who^ava a |iurlirular anounl
of Ihrir alfdira, ihe aeiiala IhrraiiiHin mad* a da-
rrea about wlial lh«y had ileairrd of Ihein, thai
Antiorhiia tha kiiiK, tha ann of Autiorhiia, •lioiiM
do no injury Io lha Jawa, tha confedaraUa 'if tha
Romana^ and thiit the furtreaaea, and tha liavana,
and the country, and whataoavrr alaa ha hwl
taken from Iheni, ahiiuld ba reatnred Io ihnn;
and that it may be lawful for thrili Io eaport
their Ki'iMla uul ol' their own haveiia; aiidlhal
no kiiiK nor iieopM may tinve lanva to etpurtany
|iHMla, either nut nf the riiuhlry of Jiidaa, or oiil
of Ihrir havena. without payiiir r:ialiMiia, but only
I'tolemy, the koiK of Aleniiii Irin, breanifl ha la
OUT conlVderale and friend^ and that, aerording
Io Ihair draire, Ihe nrriamrthat I* in Jo|ipn nwy
he ijei'ted. Now Miiiua I'elliuf, one of the a*-
nalora, a wortliy and good man,' |(av« unler thai
WI1 ahonlil tnke rare Ihnt thrae thinga ahould ba
done acrnriJinK to the aenate'a decree; and that
we ahould lake cure alao thai their ambnaaadort
ini)(ht raliirn liume in aafely. ArconliuKly, wa
admitted Theudurua inlu onr •ailuta nnd aaaeinf
Illy, null look the rpialle (Hi oHhia hunda, aa well
•• llje dtrrcr uf the •■ nnte; niid aa heiliat'oiiiaed
with greHl >rnl about ihn Jewa, nnd deariilied
llyrt'unua'a virtue nnd grneroaity, and hnw ha
waa n lietiefactor In all man in common, and |iar-
ticiiliirly to every bmly (hat noiiiea to him, wa
lai'l up Ibe epiatle in uur public rrronia; nnd
innde a dccrrr unrai Ivea, thnt aince wa nla<i nr,a
in confrilrriicy witli Ihe Humana, w^ would do
every thing we rould for Ihe Jewa, according
tu the lennle'i) decree. Theodurua alao, who
brought the epintlc, deaired of our iinetora, thai
thry would atnd llyrcnnua acipy ol that decree
Ha aUn ambnaa^n'on In aignifv to hlni the altic-
tion of our [leuple lu him, anil to exhurt them, to
preaeive and auKuient their friendahip for ua,
and be ready lu bratuw other beiiefila upon ua, _
iia juilly enj^iecling to receive proper ri'(|uitala '
from ua; and drairinK Ihini to rrmcuibcr thai
our ulicealora* were I'rirnilly to the Jrwa even in
Ihe dnyi of Abrnhum, who wna the fnlhcr of all
the IlrlireWa, ua we bBve'[aliu] found it •«! down
In our iiubtic record*."
'i3. The decree nf thoie nf Hnlicamaiiua
When .Memnon, the aon uJlOriatidaa by deatttut.
but, by adoption, of Kunoiiyinua, waa neieat, on
the ••» day of the month Ai'iaterion,. tne (lei>ee
of the people, u^Hin the reiinaentution uf Mnrcua
Alexander, waa thii: "Since we have ever a
grfat refrant tu piety toward* (}iid, and lo.hnli-
neaa, and aince we aim to fullnw Ihe jieopli' of Ihe
Honiaiit, wlio are the benefactora of all men,
liam, hy,a piib'le ephtle nf ilioae people fo the Jewa,
piea.Tved In the llrat Miok of lie Mnnaliera, all. I'l— ^
nnd iheh-e hy Jwciilnia, Antbi. <<. xil.riinp. iv.aeri. 10;
I'Olh wl'Ich nullieotir rrrurda nro hlfil'ly vnluii' Ir. It
hiniaowell wnllhy of o' M!rvntinn, wlinl Mnaeal'lbra-
iienaia, Ihe pirhirl|inl Arnionliin lii«lori,in, liifuriiia ua
of, p. K<, that \ ri>iii'i'a, who riilaril lie rnrlhinii Kni|i>'e,
waii Of the aoeil of Al'rnhnni hy Kciunih; nnd I il
tlierehy waa r.rramiilialied Hint prrdirilon wl'kli aiild,
ki>)[t uf aa'iiia' tkatt frottti/ramtkt: Uan. xvil. ti.
■Tfe
ROOK XIV-CIIAP. XI
•JOl
mJ wkal llMjr h*f« wriiu* !■> ii« iiti.ii|i » Irniti*
dl fi iiiniUlii|i •ml uiwlual iiMf<litHi« loiwix'n lh«
Jawanntl ourriu, cnJ thai tkytr tw iwil itik<*(,
(lul an iKliHiiril fMloaU niiil •••inilillx, iiinjr tw
HiMfrtril lit lli«ni, ••• hii«» ilrrnxl, llml ■< m*'
ajr ni«n niwl wnnMn ii( lh« Jvwa «• iir* willinf( «i
lu lilt, iiMjr mUliniU lh»ir S«|iImi|i«, unil fmtUttm
Ikcir hiil)r odk'-N, •rrnnlliiK l» th« Jawitb hiwii
■ml iiiny iiiiili* lluir iirottuwliiii at lh« mmhI*,
*4ii>r<lMiK lu Iha i miIumk oI llirlr fitrrfallirra;
Mill l( aiijr un«, wholhrr ha li« * iiiagtalrala ur
pnTsta prriRin, hnKtarpth rh»rii frnm m <toinf(,
Im (liail Iw liable lu » Itiia, In b* ii|ifillfil lu Iha
■Ml ul Iha ciiy," <
31. Tha ilarraa of Ihc Sanliam. ThU ilff raa
•fM iiiaila by lli« •rnala auil iirimi*, M|Mm Iha
ra|iroMiiUUi>n iil lliu |irwliir4: " (Vbaraaa lluwa
law*, wbu araiiur lillow-i'hiianai ami ll«a Mllh
«i« ill IhU cilir, hatv «««r liai|t graal IwnaAla
ha(|ii'it ii|icin Inaiii by Ilia u«>i|il<', ami havaniliia
not* mill Ilia iriiulr, ami ili ■i^ril n( iha |irii-
■la, ihiil 11)11111 ihf< rrililuliiHi ^( ilirir Uw aiiil
(hair librri), by ihr •aiiiil* ilni|:p<<iii>l<' iiC IdiiiM',
IIhi^v Hi»> HMi-iiiblp liiKVlliar, alii'iiriliiiK In Ihrir
■Hiiiaul Id)<iiI riiiloii), ami llml wa will mil hriHK
■ny uiil iiHuiiKl Ihaiii hIhmiI Hi ami thai a,>^lni('
mky bi> Kinru Ihcm wbrra Ihry may hiilil lliair
ruiiHrvKiiliuna, wjlh thiir wivnamlthijilrrii, ami
■nay ulii r, aa iljO Ihair furafalhan, ihi'ir lirMyrri
■iiJ ui-rilii-iit III (iml; miw Ilia •«iialvaml|H'ii|ila
havn ili'i'raail In iM>riiiil Ih^iii lu auiaiiiblii ii>%»-
Ihrr on Iha ilayi f.irmrrly a|i|iiiiiila(l, aail In art
■ni'unliiiK lu Ihair uwii lawt; aiiil that tinth •
plai'M lit' ii«l apart fur lliriii by Iha priitlnft, lur
Ihr buililiiiK ami inhabliiiiK Ilia >aiiir,iail ibry
thall t'llit'iii Al lur thai pur|niir. Ami iHai It^on*
(bat lakn cara u( Iha iiruviiinni Tiir lh« <ily,
ihall IhIip cara Ihal •iirl) mlrlii n1 dioil *• Ihry
aalrriii Iil Tur Ihair f aliii|(, may bo iiU|M>flail intu
IhaciU." I
'25, 'I'heilacraa »( Ihr K|<hriiiiina. whan Mr-
nnphilua wni prylanii, on Ihii llml tfliy nf llin
niuiiili Arlriiiinuiii Ibia ilrrrni wa« maila by Ihr
ptiipla: "Kicamir, llic luii nf K.uphaiiiiiin, pro-
uoumu'il il, u|Miii till! rriirrti'iitatinn ill Iha imr-
lon. Since Iha Jawi llml ilwill m lhi« city liava
mllitionml Miircua Jiiliiiii l'<iiii|iriil>, Iha tmi u(
lirulua, Iha prucuiiaul, lliiit Ihiy iiiiKhtiti)i tllnw-
«<l lo uliaarva Ihrir Siibliiilhi, ami In act in all
thinipi iii'Ciirilinfc to Ihp iiiilniiiii of thair I'nrr'
(athart, without im|M'<liiiii'iil Iniiii uiiy boilv, Ibc
prwliir halh Kmnird ihtir pi Jitioii. AcoirifinKl^',
It Wtti (Itrrecil hy the tc'iiiilr ami |irupU', llml iil
ihit aflTiilr that coiic*ni«<l tha limiiana, mi uiii> nf
ihain ahiiuM b« himlarcil I'ruiii kaapiiiK the hub-
bath-ilay, nor bv fiueil for an (luiilK, but ihiit llity
Hiny be nllowieil tuiloall IhlnjjtarcurdinK lu Ihtir
own law*."
'26. Miiw there are nmny ailrh drrrrra of lh«
•cnhtr uml impvmlori nf the Koilmna,' iimllhiiHc
difliTf^iit I'miii thiai'. Iiel'ure u»i wliiih have brau
made ill favor of Hyrcanua, and of our natinn;
•i aUu, there have been morn ilecreriuf the city,
and rearripla uf the pnrliira, lo aucli rpiallri aa
concerned our rlghla and priviligea; and certain-
ly luch ai lire nut ill diapuard lo what we write,
may believe that they are nil to Ihia piirpiiae, and
that by the a|i«(!iini na which we have iinertrdi
fur allien nre have pr<idm:ml evident inarka that
mar alill bl: lean, of the friendahip we have had
witli the Itiiniana, iind driiionatnited that thoan
mnrka are eOKravrn upon culunma and table* of
Jiraaa in the cupliul, fliat are atill in lieiiiK. uml
preaerved to thi* tlay,. we have oniitled to let
* If we romi>nre Joaephin'i promlM inaect. 1, lo pro-
dure a« Hie iiiilibr ilcrreea or ilio Rninuna in faviir of
the Jewa, with Ida uxcuae liefo for uiiiltlinii maay of
iliem, wa may olworve, thai wlicn he raiiiu to iran-
Krlhc all thoai! derreva lie had rullerteil, hu found them
to minierou* thai he tliouohl he ahoiilil too murh tire
bla readera If lip hnd aitciuiiled lt,.whli'li lin thounlit a
■nfflclent apolniy for Ida oiiiitlliig Ihe real ul them ; yet
dotbote bytilin produced uifoid audi a atrong confir-
rham aUitiitaa. «a taatllaa* ami di««frataM*i fd»
I AhihiI aitppiiaa an^ iiiia au |i«rtrrta aa Not !••
Iia|ia«a Ihr iriamUhip Wa have hail Hilh Iha !!«•
imlna, while Ihiy h*«a ilamnnalrHli il Iha atinia
by iHah a KraAl nimdirr nf ihiir iliirix riliilin|
In uai nor will Ihay iIhuIiIhI nor lldalii» iial'>lh«
rtat nf lhiM« daeraaa, aima wa ha«a ahnwad Ih*
Mwa In thuaai wa hata priHliirad. Ami Ihaa kav«
wa aiilHi'ianlly aiplainad Ihal ■ iinftdarary wa ••
thoaa liiuat hail with Ih* Kuniaiu.
ritA^. Xt
//ni« Mmrtut\ $»trtiiitJ SttlHi, mhtn Aa hml lium
Amin Ay llnl$iit'i fraarArry , »nil Auia, njltr Iht
lt»»lkijf('in»r. (.'iiMiHt t»mt Inin .Syriii, iimi
Jttlrtu*il Jiultiti a> aftn, kitif JUIitkin $Um
jlnlif»Ur, hh4 trm$ himtt{/il»in 6y lltrint.
\ I. ISoW II au fall nul Ihal about Ihia vary
lima Ihr alfalfa nf Nyria %ara in ((rval diiorilar.
and Ihia on Iha nrraiion Inllnwinv: ('•iitiiia
liaMua. niif nl I'limiH'y'a parly, lalil a Irrarhr-
ruua draiKti axainal Srttu* Ciraar, and alrw hliu,
and ihtn Imik hia army ami gut the iimiia|«>
want uf public alfaira. Inin hia own hand i lO
Ihara arnaa a srriit war alknit Apnniin, while
I'leaar'a npurrala i aina aitainal hliii with an army
of horaaiiian and I'lHilniin lu the»r Aniipalar
alao aani aiicciin, aiid hia amia with thain, aa
rallinr til mind Iha kindnaaaaa Ihry had ricrivail
from I'Maar, ami on that account be thnuahl
it but jual lo r*i|uire puniahnient fur him, aiitTto
lake vriiKranca nil the man thai had munlartU
him. Ami aa the war waa drawn out into •
irrral lanKth, Marrua cam* frnm Konia In laka
nattua'a Kiivaninient U|i<in h|ni: but (Jiraar WM
alnin by Caaaiua and lirulua in Ihr nanatr-hnuM,
after he bad retained Ihr Kovrrnmrnt lhr*«
yrara and ait iiinnlha. Thia lacl, huwevrr, It
rrlntril elarwbrrr.
3. At the war that aroa* uimn Ihr danlh uf
f'leaar waa now Im'Kuu, and the priiici|uil men
ware all K"'"'; aomn una way, and aniiir unnlliar,
lo raian iiriiiira, Caaaiua ciiuie from Knmr inl6
Hyrin, in order lu rrcrive Ihr [aruiy Ihal liiy in
the] camp at A|iaMila; and liavinK. raiaed the
aievr, hr broiiirhl over iMilh llaaaua ami Miirciti
to Ida parly, lie then went over Ihr ciliin, ami
Kill lu|(elher wra|Hina ami auldirra, and liiid Krri^t
Hurt n|H)li ihiiae cilira^ and he chiclly npprrueii
Jiidia, and rtacled of il aevrn hundred tidrnta:
hut Aiili|Hilar, when hr aaw the atatc |» bf in pp
K^eat ciMialrrnatinn aiift diaurdcr, divided Iha
cullrelion of Ihal aum, and ap|iuinted hi* two
•out ti) K'*''"^'' )'• ""^ *" '''*' I""' "f it waa to b«
riiiirled by Malichua, who waa ill iliaiioaed til
hiui, and part by uthiT). And brrauae llernd did
riuct what waa rrquired of him I'mni (iaiilae be-
fore othera, he waa in the grealrat fiivur with
(>BaaHia; fur he thought it a pari nf pnidrDce lo
cultivate a friendahip with Ihe KuimuH, ami to
f;nin their ((ood-will at the ex|ienae uf othera;
whcreH* Ihe curalun of the other citim, wilh
their citlirna, ware aold fur alavea; and (.'aaiiM
reduced futir vitiea into alavrry, the twp moat
imlenl of which were (iophna and Kmmaua;and,
liriiidea llieae, l.yddu amlThuinmi. Niiv, Caaaiua
wua au vrrv Hnf(ry al Mnlichua, that he hud killed
him, (fur be aaanullmj biin,l^kil not llvrcanua
by the iiirant of Antiiiater^QH^^hnn a nuudrcd
tulrnta of hia own, ami thereby pkcmed hia anger
Bgninat him.
J. Hut after Caaaiua waa Kuile out of Judea,
Malichua luid aiiurea fur Antipnter, aa thinking
malioii lo hij hhrtory, and Rive auch (real lliht lo even
ihe llnninn anlliiuitieatheniwlvia, thai I linlieve lliocu-
rlmianrn not a little Mrry fur aiirli hia omiaahina.
t for Mnrriiii, the prralilnitof Hyria, arnt nn Diirrea-
aor to Hentiia Oaar, the Uoinnn hialorlana niiulio ua t*
read Jfarcaa In Joaephua, niid llila prrjieliiully, lidli In
theae Anlli|ulllea,aiid in ihehlMoryof Iha War,i*lh«
learned generally afrce.
.,..1.
il
-V
s, ■
K
I
2A
t99
A.N TtQIIITIIiH O^ Tin: JKWii.
t»NiM'> •■i«*riiiM<ii<i kHi hi* il*it«H itiM not un-
knuHlll" AMll|Ml>r, Mlillb, «l)«tt ll« |»ll<l<«ll,
|t« rotiro'l Im|<iihI JxnUii, ■ihI (iit l>i||r|)>if »«
•rw/. twrily wt' Ar»lM, umI furthr w7 bu t)««>i
a«tt«lr)iM«ii. tlitwttrr, MiiImHh*, n*iiH( »•• u(
■#•«! I uHHiitK. •!• Hit il iImI k« ImiI IhuI «nf •»•» «
wr hiiM, nihl iiKiilai III* lUlimo with utiiMili.lNitli
In ktiiiwU hikI Ilia ohm) iiimI mmI thai HkiUi
I'hnMtliK hiiit • (itrrltun m J»rti««l*Mi, inl<l
llfftnl h tift tlui Wf Ml ■nH'l tit WttJt itt \\\m fttf tfw ilf
ha rouM navtir hat* a IhiiilKkl nf an; aui h ihinii,
Htt Aniipaur, parri>)«liltt llir illilnM thai Mali-
ekiM WM III, waa rf«iinril«tl In him, ami iiiail* an
■frtamaiil with hiiNi Ihia wai whni Manin wii>
prtilil'nl itl Styrlai wlm )>t iK'n^ituiK that llii<
Mallrhut •>■■ making • ijulurbaiu'a In Juilia,
i>ra««ail*il •» hf thai ha hail aliiiual kiliai) him.
uiil itill, at tha Iniamnlun uf Anlliialar, ha ««» ti
him.
4. llow*«rr, Anll|Hilar llllla ihniiKliI tha( b)r
tavliHI Malirhiia, ha hnil MVtil hl« own Rinnltr-
•n Uit niiw C'aMlu* anil Mumia hail (nl lii(»-
ihar ail ttrni)r, ami inlni«t*il lb« anlira nm tii It
10 llariiil, anil iiiailx bun Knirnil uf thi> fiiriaa iil
C*uilo«)rrla, an I gava bim n Hrrt iil ibjiM, ami an
■rmjr •>! Iium mm ami funtnirn, ami |iruiniiril
bim, thai a/lar tha war wai ii«rr, ihajr wnubl
BUilka hliii king of Jnilaa, K>r a war Ws* alrvailjr
h«Kun brtwaan Anionjr ami tha yaimKrr (.'mar,
but aa IMatiihiia waa iiiutt afrniil of Aiiliimtrr, h>'
Imik him mil uf tha wa; ; ami. by Ibr iilTrr i)V
monay, (mraHailail tba bullvr of llirinniia, with
nhtiiii ihay war* buth li> fraal, tii kill him bv pul-
•on." Thia lieiiiK ilunr, anil ha hniriiiK nrinoil m< n
with h|in, arittril tha adaira i>f Ibn rity. Hut
whan Anli[>alrr'a liina, ll^roil ami I'Imaaaliia,
wara nri|iiainl«il wilh IhU ciinaiiirnry ni^tiinal
their I'athrr, uul hail liitliKnntinn at it, Mnlirhiia
lianiail all, anil ullirly ranuiim'ril any km>wlailK«
o/tha inurilar. And thua diail Antiimlrr, a inan
that hail iliallnKuiihail hmlaclf fi^r pirly null jiia-
lice, nnil lo*« la hia I'uuntry. Ami wburi'iia iiiin
of hia anna, llrriHl, ri'aiil«ail iiiiniaiiiatity ti> ra-
vrnita Ibcir fathtr'a iliAlb, ami waa riiiiiiiiK n|Nih
Maufhiia with an arnijr for that pur|Hiar, lira
•Uar of hittaiina, liiaaatliia, thnuKhi it b«al ra-
thar l» K*! thia man info their hanil* l>y iHilirjr,
tail Ihi'y ahiiiibl a|i]iaar to bi'ifin a civil wur ni
tkccouillryt an b« an'riitril of Mnili'hiii'a i]«<
fanca for biniarlf, anil iinlrmlril li> lirlirva bim
that ho had no bnml in the viiilriil ilrnth of Anii*
tiler, hia fatlirr, but ararlril % Ana moniiinrntfor
int. Ilvrod rUo w«nl Io HanmriR, nml when lif
found thrill in K<'<>nl dialnaa, hr ravivml thrir
ipirlla, aud conipo<iMl tbilr ili^rrrni'ra.
8, llowdocr, liUln nl'Irr tliT*, llrriMl, upon tlia
•pproai;h uf ■ I'ralival, caniit Hilh hia tolilicra Into
Ina city; wh<'rrii|Kin Mulirbua waa afTrinhlad,
•ad parauadi'd llyrcanua not to pcrniil him lu
come into the rity. Ilymiiiiia riinipliril; anil,
fur a iiri ti nee nf rxrIudinK liiili, iilliy(ril, that n
rout aratraiiKrra oii||(hl not In bn ailiiiittrd, wjicn
th« multiluuis ware purirylnap Ihemairlrea. Uul
Herod hnd Utile r%|pinl In i\w ineaaenKert) IhnI
were arnl In him, ami enlir'il the city In the
nlghl-linie, and allrighud .Mulirhiia; yet did he
muil nalhini; of hia former di«aimiiliil|ak but
weot for Anlipiilar, and bewnili'il him aa aif^iend
of nia, with a Iniid voiiie; bt)t Herod arid hit
frienda thnuKliI it. proner, noi (Openly ^o rontra-
dicl Malichua'a liy|iorriay, but to give him lokena
of mutual rririiilaiiip, in order In prevent hia aut-
plcion of them.
6. lIuweTtr, llerod tent to Cnaaiiia, and in-
fof^^ed him of the niurdcr of hit father { who
•In thia and the fnllowlnii chapten, tha' reader will
Maily remark how truly Oronovlua uliaerTea, In hia
■olra nn the Koiiiim dnrrfea In ftivnr of the Jewa, thM
tfaalr riflila nnil |ifl«llp(ca were raniimiiily purrhaaril
of iha llnmnna with money. Many cuaniplra of Hila
•ort, biilh na lollie Rnmnna nml olhera In aulhnrli)^,
wUI occur In our Joaephua, butlj now auU horeuftcr,
ilaifuir..
n< iir Ibr rill , tnmn the •• Mtiyra Jvm I lh> ri'
lull bim. aWTtViTijuMiil/ri .mua win an inl<
«il III what bud hiinjii'neil,,lbaf hia apnih
knuwlnf what MH «/ MM Maliihii* wM M !•
kta mniala, a»Hl liliii hark word, that ha ahnnM
r»«iHi« hia |.ilh>r'a ilv^lhi nml al'>i ami pri*
• "••It, to lh« riiHiiiianiUra of bia urmjf hI lyra
Willi ordara lu aaaUi llarwl In the aiatiiliim uf •
very Jual daai||Niif hb. Kuw when (.'aaalita hotl
taken Liiaxlliea, tlur all want Ingalhor lu bHn,
ami I arri'il him ifiirliinila and iminry i .iml Hariwl
lhnu|hl thai i\lttli>hua ml||bl ba |Hinl«hed wbila
ha waa there) hHl he waa aimiewhal apprehen-
■ »»• » lit tWtm I K I H ■» ■an I t%—^ Iwaa.- .1 t,\ i.tA^ ^ .*. .«ai*
#* ■ ^ **f * ■' w » tt |ftjn 5 Ulllct *** *'im a*' ill** W* II > WM
Rreal allemiit, and litrauaa hia aon waa than ■
■MlaK* at i'lr*, ha w*ol lu thul rll«, amf rw>
fnUid In alral liini awuy |>rl>atily, ami lu niarrh
ihenre Into Juileai ami aa Cuaaiua Wna In hiiflo
In man b agninal Antnay, ba llioitfhl In bring
Ihe I inintry lu rerolt, ami In pnicura the gnaern-
iuent for filniaelL^ llMl I'ruaidema n|ifMM*d bia
rniinatlai and llVrhd lirlii^ a ihrvwil imiii, and
■M>rrii«iiig whiil hia liilrnlion hn«, ha •iiillh|.
fher bri'orakami a irivani, in n|ip«HriiMi'e iiiititd
In gel a ■NiiiM'r ready, (»f h* hail aaid liefnra,
thai he would fraal tliein all Ihere, but in rvalilr
In the ctiHimamlvra of tha army, wlioiii'hv iMr-
aiiadrd Iti gn nut Igainal Malli'Kua Hllll .tlialf
So itiry wriit niil H|p iiii I lbi< aiaa
•tub.
iniiiii.
hiipiii'neil,,lba4 bia apmh failad
himi »nd when, alii r aniua ililllrully, be had ra-
rnHiriil hliiMctf, be liaki d lleniil, iiliil ^le innl-
ler rnubl be, and who il waa ihnl aliw .\lnlii.'bua7
and when ha anid Ibiil it waa ilnne by tbe loui'
niiiud nf Caaaiu*! he runinMrmled Ilia iii'linn) fitt
tbnt i\liilirbaa waa ii vny wicked lunn, nml nn*
thai ronapirvd iiM:niii>t hi«owni'iiiiiitri . Ami lliI*
wa* Ibe puMMbnirnl tbiil waa lullii'lpil nn .Mult-
I hue lor mUiiI h<> wickrilly did to Anlipnti<r._
f . ItuI ifbrn ('laalua wn* iharcbvd uul ul' fly-
riH, iliilurlmiieia hmui in Jadtni for lilin, who
waa lilt at JirnaHliiii nllb M uriliy, inuile itaiiil
lira nitiiiipt ii^iiiiiat rbnaaelua, nml Ibe ptMipl*
IbimailviM run inarmii hut llerod ivi ul to Fa-
lilii* the prii'lri I nr'll.inmaL'Ua, and win de»irrd
In run In bia bnilber'a Ba<i<tam:e, biilwiia hinder-
ed by a iliali'iiiper thiil •<'it*d upon bun, till I'kii;
tai-lmby himatlf had liean tun hard fur Calll,
mill bad ahul bim up In tba Inwer, ami there, on
ciitalii I'omllliniK, illuiiiaK'd him. rhiMiiidu*
alto ruHipliilned of liyri'nilUa, llint nltlinli)i;b hn
hnd rri'i'ivi'd a gnat many hrnelita frnm Ihem,
\t'l did be tup|H>rt their rncniiea; for .Mulichiif'*
hrntber iliaila many placca to rvrnll, nml kept
gurriKona in lliem, nml piirlicuUrly Mn<iiiJii, tha
■fningrii lorlnna nf Ihcm all. In the menu limn
Hernd wa* rn'overid of bit iliaraae, nml rnuia
4iid tuuk I'rom I'Vlin nil, tbe plai-ra be hnd gotten
ami, upon ccrlHiM comliliona, diiinianed him ulao.
. CHAP. XII.
Iltrod d"l* ArfiKonui, thi Son nf J\r\ilolmhu
oil! iifjniltn, an4 guint Ihi FriinJthip nf An-
luHy, leAo wna nmo ttmtinio Si/ria, hi/ it lulinr
him miK'/i Jilnnev; on which Jlceoitnt ht itmiild
jinl ailmit vf ihmt that iroiiM liai't arciutd
Hcrqil: anitwhal il wa( thai Jlniuny ivruli la
thi 'Pj/riatut in lith(t\f iff Iht Jtui$.
} t. Now f'tolrniy, tha ton of Mvnnrii*
bmughl back into Judea Antigonna, Ihe ton uf
Aritlobuluti who had already ratted nn army,
and had, by iiioney,* made Kabiiit to be bit
friend, and tliia lieraute he wat of kin In bim
Marion altQ gnve hiiij naiiiatance. il* hail brip
left by Caiiiua to tymiiiiiie over Tyre, for tliit
Cuttiut wat a man Inal taiieil on Syria, and then
and need not lobe Inken pankfulnr nolle* of on the ••
Tornl urrnaiont in tlieae nolea. Acrnritlngly llie rlilef
CBiilnln ronri'atei to Hi. Paul, thai irKAiiyrrMt turn ht
had oblaincAhitfrmilam, Arlt xall.llH.na linil Ht. Paul**
uiirralora,' very iiroluilily, piirrhaai:d tlio like freedom
fur llieir fnnilly by money, aa Ilia tani* aattaor Juallf
cOncluilei alto.
ilNiK XIV.--CHAP. XII.
am
HhmI, aiul linik thru* III !))• r»rlr>aM<, •ml I «•<>• I^Mtlly <.r m Ito • ,ia* i.! I'.riiif \\r k»*<
|*rri«iii< lulu |Ii«h»,|ii k>t|i lti<>
lUl
•Imi utoiontr ilitin *iin<ttlritrir<, HN)#lk lltfml.
■•fil Ik* |»<l» iIi«imm|«>», whl. h ,%l4t«i|«M»M r«>
(•t>ii«t. M tl )• • tliiMi* iH.iiiinri, |irii|i*r hf
l»l|M>HM »n4 Inaoli Ml iiMtitii|la «hiI Hr h«««
a««rr»ni« lilal tnttfHmti riHl ii( man, tiaU Mtal
WtyvM lloniil *»Hui, h* liKik nil l>fini htm . I«il Id*
Tirian gurflaon k* illamiM«il ih • ttty i ml hmh
■Mr I iM), III ••WW iif ih« uiMitra ka> NituU |>r«-
ONI*. MMl «^ lh« (iMhI will kr iMr* III llMt (11)
M^k^H k* kiMl il>«Hili-ka>l lliaaai KlfMin, »m^ w««
giia* III ma'al AMligiinata, b« jnina.) Inula wiih
fcl»»4 J»««-l t.J. ■* > t. I..J -. .. . I ■ > - - . I t ( I I
ftttttt w»c* iiK^iii rttttr, wtitt TTT^TTtt rrim mst rrt jijitvv
|ir*w*M«, wkaH ka> mm jn.l riima- IhI» iU Ihif
ttan. |Ia< whain Im t«na fumm In iariiaaltm,
Ilyri-MIIH *imI Iha |»>ii|ik |iMl lail.iHila i<I|imiI Ilia
kaail) r»r li» hml aln ail) i .mlrii li it an nlliHIly
Willi lk« laiiiil) III llyrr tmia liy hut Ink i •fHiuwil
• ij«ii »italniil III III), anil l<i> llial raamit lUrml
liMik th« iriulir laiii ii( liiin, aa l>r|n|^ |» itmrrjr
Iktt iliiuinl«r iif Alrtaiiilir, ili* iiti ii| Arialuliit-
III*, auii Ihai graiil iliiiiitliii r iii lit riaiiiia, liji
wbii'h wile h« liaiaiiiti ihi' I itbar iii llirif iiiril*
•ikI IWm riMMlc rkll'IriH ilr kkil alaii iniirrinl
bafor* lliU anaihar Mrlf», iiiii iif • luwrr luiiiilv III , „
kta iiwii italMiii, whiiaii iiiiiiMi waa Uoria.lijr wHuiii I our niHlailaralra alatt) iH^iiiiuah tliiii llir huily
k« linil Ilia altlial •on Aiiiijwiir. | n( Aala la nnM mutanni uiil nf ilial i|iaiini|i»r
'J. KiiW Aitliinhia anil < iraar had lirnlan Cat- > It waa uiwU'r Uy llui jiiaiitna iii; mir «|r|i>r), I
•iHa n«ar rhili|i|ii, *a uihrra hat* rilaUil) litil Ihinfnr*, liiitrinit I" iiiiikI Imlk ilia* ami yinir
•Aar Ilir nKlury, (,'iraar Mini inln (lanl [ llal) , | j u*l>'<'>' •'■•H l»^* ■"'■'* ■>' "lnl ■■»<) I'O ''"
•mI Aiilnay iiiarrhail fur Aaia, wlm, mIic* h> i )iiiir ailtanlatfi'. I lia«» aUu atiil viilallia In
WM arri»ill al iJlllijiiiiii, Irml ■nilinaaailura Ihal | wrilinK lu llii' arviral iilira, llial 11 iiii/ )iiraiina,
mat lilMi friiiii all jiarla. Tljii |iriiMI|iHl iiim alalt Mlirllirr Inriiiaii or liiiniliiian, liiitc lici n iiil'l .
of III*' Jani riiiiic lliilliir, In an'iiav I'liaaiia liia { iiiiiirr Ilia a|ii ar li) (aiiia Caaitiia, or liK aiihunll-
Dllh a|Mla atalnal aa, itkH'h iUry |iil liwalkM M
'llili|i|il, in Alatailiiniit, wtirH ihtf atuitl iia llw
ii|ili~«-4 end I W I f F |irij|i^f i»iF ItiviF' piirtTfi^F^ ^lif^f
M II «r*rt>, Mallail lliam nxlml wiih miiiininlna In
Ika tcfjr aa>a, ami whrrs Ilia |MaM|t» Wiia ii|i*n
iinty Ikniufk » alunlr gala. Una vliiur* m*
gainail. liar. Ill aa llir ^iiita hiiil f tiiiilt mm .1 Itijiaa
M'H l<>f lliair Mil kill mlairiiriaaa Ni>w llriilHa.
Milan he hail Matl aa fir >ia rlilllMii, »n< aknl H$
hy i|a, ami l|a< imia » (iNrliikar iil Iha- aniiii jiarilK
linn Willi Ciiaaiiiai anil now Ihtat hiaia ramltail
llicir |iiinlahiii>iil, Ml auiiitiiav Ihal Ma iiuiji r(>
jiijr tiaai* fur Iha llnia iii iiiiiii, ami Ihiil A'la
may lia al ri al Iriini Mar. VV r, Ihi rrlnra, maka
lk«l |i«a'* Mhifb dial h*lh giti ii iia rimiiiMin In
■ml III r<Kl, iiml Ihry fiii.!, llial llyrriliiiia liml in
dtail lli« a|itirnraiii'» iif r> iKHlng, IhiI llial lliiar
■aii hail all ilia imMrri linl Aniuny |mlil grinl
rrajwi'l III lirriHl, Mhy waa rnni* In hiiii In iiialii'
'iia ilalViirc HKkiiial liia an iiaara, un Kliiih a<'-
CuunI hia atlviraiiriaa loiilil iinl an luurk aa iililiiin
• hiufiugi whuh fa«iir llrniil had Kaiiiail of
Aniniijr hy moiirjr. llul alill, whi n Aiilnny nna
Conia lu Kphraiia, liyn^anua Ihn hlKh priial, ml
our nalinn, aaMil an ainliaaaagu to hiiii, wIm» I'ar-
riril a crown ni old Wilh ihi in, and ilraiml that
hr unolil wrii I lh«<|(uvrninra nf iIk' (irnvini'ia,
to >• 1 Ihuaa Jttt . m Mho hail tjaiu iiirK-d i'u|i-
Uvi' liy (.'aaiiiia, ,niil Ihia MJIhnut lli ir hnving
fuuglit agalnpl hiiu, ami In ri'.alnrti iliiih Ihal
eouutry, which, in tlm daya nf Caaaiiia, hiiil Iwi n
tlkrn Irnni lliani. Anlmit Ihniiirlil lh<< JiHa'
drairra wirr jiial, and wVnli' iniiiiidinli ly In
liyrcanua, anil In Ihin Jvwa. Ilr nlaii aciil, iil llir
Miiir limr, a dnrrn in ihn 'I'jriiiiiai the rnnliiila
of wMi'h wrra In lli<' aiinir |iiii'|ina<'.
3. " Muri'na Anlnnjii'i lni|ii'r>t|iir. In llyri'tliua
lfa« hi(h iiriral HUii ilbiiiinh n! tliv Jiwa, ai'iliN
•th Kriallnai IT yuii Ihi hi hi idlh, it la ivi'll; I
alao nni in Tirullh, miiIi iIio iiriiiy. I.yaiiniii-liiia,
ihi^ ai^n nl' I'linaiiiiiiia, uiiil Jnai jiliiia, ili«> aim id
Mrnnnia, and Ali tamlir, llic ami nf Thi'uiliirna,
your auiliiiaanilnra, nu i inc nl i:|>liiaiia, mid hiiii'
rvmni'd that i iiiImixuki' mIikIi Ihry Invd fir-
ninrlv lii'in iipnn nl KniiK'i ami liii\i ililii^inlly
ai'i|nilti'<l Ihiinai'Uia of lliii iircariil iniliaaaNKi',
wliii'h llinu mill Ihy imiiiin hiivn iiiirualid lu
IIk'IIU lind havi' riilly di-i'liiri'il lhii|tnnil-Mdl llinu
haal fur ua. I iiiii ihiTrlnic anilalii >l, ln.lli hy
your KcrKina uiiil ynur wnrila, timl yuu are will
dit|)<la<'d In un: and I undiTiliiud that yinir I'nn-
duel nf lifr ia rnnaliiiil iiml riliKJniia; an I n 1*111111
upon ^rnu in uur ohu; liut wliiii llio^n Ihiil wrrr
advcrauriraMi) ynu, hiiiI In liii' Kniniin |it'n|ili',
abatiiincd iifithf-r rrniil I'ilira ilurl<'ni|ili'a,iinil iliiL
nol nliavrve llir aKri'ini) nt ihiy liitil iniilirinid
by niith, il wiia mil iHily nil iMiniint nf uiir rou-
te at Hitli thi'Mi, but nn aiCnuiit nf ull iiiiinkiml in
coiiiinnu, thnt vfr. Imvr tiikrn vrni^rniirii nn Ibnai
wlin biivr Infill thi' iiutbnr* nf ({ri'iit iifjiKtiii'
loWnriU uK'ii, iind nf ifri'iit wirkii^nrM Uivyunla
thf- )(n<U; loi* (III' liukn iti ivltirh \vv aiip|ioi0 il
*ThlarlnHai<|iliiliilynlliiih'alotl:alwell knnwnliulun-
URial and vi'ry luiiKilnrknoaauf llnr aun, wlilrli haiiiwn-
«d upon tha oiurilvr of Jullua Craar by llrulua anil I'aa-
ibnlviiu kindly niak* uar nf Ihi' larnra Hbiih I
und llnhibrllii hnva fcranlid ynu.
aim hiflild
Ilk )iiu;_nn<l
liair i.lDi'ira, Ihry may lie art In i'. .\ml I will
Vim
hnl.
Ihr 'It riiina In uar any flnli'iirf wilk yiiu;^nn<l
fur Wlinl |ib<ra« nf llir Jfwa Ihry llilW pn>«raa, I
iinlrr Ihani In rralnri' Ihaiii. I hiira Wlllinl aa-
I'tpird III Iha rmwn wliirh Ibou arnlral nir.''
4. "Mari'Ua Antnniua, iRi|irralnr, In llii> nm-
liatruli'f, aa'natr, and |i*np|i> nf 'lyrv, aiiiiltlli
f;n'rlin«: Thi* aniliiiaandnra ut llyrrnniia thr
nail prfral and rlhiiarrb fuf Iba <)i waj a|i|'iiira'il
lirlnri' nia at Knln aua, ami Udd nir, Ihal ynu arr
in pnaacaainn nf |iiirl nl Ibair rnunlry, mIih Ii yiili
inttrid u|iun uiidfr iho Kuti'mtiirfll of inir ad-
vtratirira. Siiii'i', tbarafuri.', Wf havi' undrrlakan
a wiir fnr thai nlilnininK Ihi' Knvrrnnii nl, and liavti
liikrn c»fr In dii nliiii Miia aKrriiilili-ln pii i) ivnil
jii-lii'i', and b.i«r lirnUKbt In puiiiahiiii lit llinao
(hat bud m iriirr iiiiy ra'nii iiihrauri' nf tliii kimU
niaaia Ihry liiid riiiWad, nnr Imvi' kipt ihiir
iiiitha, I will ihiil ynu l«i ut pi'inn nilh llinan Ihul
urt' niir tniif4il»niea»; n* Mian. lliHl wllllt Von
hiivii tdkin liy till' iiK'iina nf yirr iiilu rtiiriia aliall
nut III' ri'ikniicil jnirij own, but \in rrlurnvd In
lllnai' fnnil ivhnlll ynu Innk tbi in ; fur lUlll* <if
lliriti Innk thiir iirnvUiriaiir lliiir iirinlia by the
Kill nf till' ai null', liul ibiy ai [<i il llii'iii lit Inrrf,
»n>l liialnnxl (hi iii by v|nli'hi'r npnii aui'h iia be-
I'aniK U'l'lid (» (bun in (In ir uiijual prnri'iiliiiKi.
Siiiri', (Inri'liirr, llinai' nun h>iti' iri'i'ivid tha
^lnni•bnll'nt dui> In llirni, Wc ilrairr lliiK nur con-
I'llrriili'i may riialii wbnlani vif it wiia tbn^ Utry
fnriiK riy pnaaa aaiil Hithnijl ill''lfirliiiiii'r, uinl that
you i'(",lnrr nil (be pbirra Hhli'li In [ni'; In llyraa-
nua Ibr i'(biuin'li nf Ibi' Jma, »birb ymi bnva
biid, lliniij(h it ivirr but niic ilm in finr Caiui
Caaalua liiKnii iin unjiialiliiibjc wiir iiKiiinat ua.
niid iiiti nil into nur proviiint; nnr lUi y^iu l|a«
any fnri^r aipiinal bini, in nrili r I'l tiriikin him,/
thnt III' iiibj nut b« iibli' In iliapmr id liint wbi( '
ia Ilia nwii, but if ynu bnvi' nut rinifi •! ivilli bi
nliniii yuiir naiiiriito riirbla, il li.ill hi' biM'/
ftir y'nii In pli'iid yniir I'tiiiai' uli> ii mi.' cniiii
tbr pbirra rniii'irmd, fnr ni •liall niiko pri'i
Ibr ri);lila, mid bviir ull (bf iMUiia of nur ;
dlnitia."
6. "Murrna Antniiiiia, iinpi nilor, tiy
aiiia; tvlilriilalnkiMiiirrui iintli'i'iif hy S'Upi/
odiir lloiuan aulhnia. Hii' Viriiira linir/
JualliafOre III* audi and I'llny'a Nat.lli«t.>
1
I
I
t
• ♦
%
Jni>IMiff i M*« tvMl.tiH* My lifofw, vf Mkt«lt [•«*» and *i»iM k«HH«, mwl 1*^ •Ikli tit (>»*l •«••
■III iMr - ' ' ...
• t* !•*• 'an ikM M >•«
lk« |ti|Mt«' ul'Ut, U lt>iMi>« aibt li
MWt tiMI II iXM •n(>«<«n in ih
•«(n»t»l« <MI |«I«<IMUI>||»> llWit MitaW th* |wt*|ii> H<««l» • riMMI*
' ' ' r», iMviiMl lUroili .%iit»H|r *•« •• |ii'>i«uk«4 *l )•
llHtMhtHM lh*t ho •!«•> i\*m u>l«iil«M
|ifl«
r|iW>s'k«l I' I"*} *— "*—> hf nil ' ,V|«f*M« ^n^ • 'I N>IW, IH IN* WttMtol >••>, IVilflM, th« Ikltg
mliH, iui|f»r«lH«, ■)••« ul llM iriiiiMitratai ««•» i nf l'»Hht*'i mh, hixI ll«>i*plt*fiw>, • •
itM |HtMif'|i*iin, HMtla IkM •(•«|«r«liiHi> " Hhi«« | iH«iHf«» »l til* I'lnhMn*, (Kiau***
t.'Mtt* ('im1|h«, la Ihi* n«»ll t)» hath m*)*». iMlk uf <t>»M h»l>n(f, )h« •'Ht •>( M«H«
I ll
ikdHoVt*
•aa»a«, »l«ii •% _ ^^^ _^^
|iIulUl£a ^^^!^h ln-tritljtl'tl **4 l« ; Butt tirm l. 4«4 I t »lllil4 fc** ♦«« t-*^ k** ^i'*"*- "
Ulm, aa<l mm Ii«l4 li| g^tutnn* *h»tm~fmrmttfil,
Mitllii lli>|i Mian atir ii<Mtr<i<4> ralai, «N<I Hall*
tuuilatl lliat aatlun nf Iha J»»< ilMlwmla f'l>H<l-
thi|i Miilk Ika lliiHian |laii^il«, aa In oa*! anal •lara
<«• hao uoroumo h^a wailaaM h) anna, «ia ii<j«
••iff""! ky imf ^arrxa i^R'I Jiiiliilil ilal»ri»tBa
Hun* mImI Ii« IkalK taiil <•••)«, Iht4l IIkkk Ihiagi
MHljf Im rira|iir>i| l» iHir riinraiUndK .^H•I •• In*
mImI ImiIi wmi •iiltl III tha ia»i<N |«m»mI>mm,
wbothvr lll«y tw IhhIim iir iwaMiMiiiiw, lal tkarn
tia rcUatail. Hi* Ixxlir* Inin ihal data >,( frtia'
■luai lli«)i Mora i;ri|iitiill)r In, ami Ih* i«i<MaiiiAit
III llitir liiriaar itmntft I alau will. Inal h* whn
ahall Hwt riHHBljr wlih thla itarraa uf Mitni
ba |Nii)l*h<i>l l<ir NIa ilKtitwiliaiirai anil
bH« Im >aii)(hi, I Hill liika rara Ikal $1
aHlf/f *'iHllllgn |MIHI«hlllf Ml "
I). Th" Mnia lliiii| iliii Aaliinjr •rflk In
N|(l<iai'aii>, aial Iha AaliiMNlaiM^illl lh« ^'
bi'ana. Wa ln«> |iriHlurnl ihau< i1>i rr«i tll*rii
ftira, M iiiarka fur<iil|irMf ii( Ih* Irwlli u( whai
m» haiia huI, iNIiI iha H«niaii« hatl a grial run-
««rn abuiil uur nallua.
« MAI». XIII.
ll'iM Jinltnif mttift tltrthi am/ Phtunttut Ti-
Irofhl npir fAiy AmJ txn mreutut In hm jtar-
^<i««l««iiA»i«(k> fnrlhlniu, >iihtnlki<tlir«>4gKI
JlnltKnHiii titiaJuilin.lnotl llyrrHninanU l'k»-
m</h( tnfUtit. Hirmt't t'ltKhli nnd mh»l
JlJ^ieHani Hfftaimi «hJ I'hniuiMi tiuluni.
\ I. VVllI'm.aflar llila, Anionjr i.'aiii» mill S)ria,
f!|aiiMlra •<" > bliii in (.iln'ia, ami liroiiiilit hiui
In fall in liiiii Willi lirr. Anil llirra raii# now
aUii a huailrxl i/f Ilia niiitl |Milriil iil M|Ll^»a
III arriiir llirixl anil thnta abiinl hhiii^BTuI
Iha man uf lliif (r'alval rlw<|iiania aiiinnK llum
t» ipaak. Iliil niruala runlruiliilril llinli, iiM
lialiillf uf llii' tiiiiiiK nirn, anil ah lliit in llii
'>Hl|.
AalH
iifiU* l«
laku InmI
Miaal, awl Hiailv a lrii||«» of mrn<l<hl|>
|ii»if*, ika »ia «f Ari»<<iliMl«*i an>l in
•ililaiN It. maila »>— nf tlial «amiHanil|i(,
a I'aal |nt«»'>t In bim Nut* AM||iiaMa bad
ur>'H«Uail M |t«a lb« I'HilbtaNa a ih.inaaivl la
f»Mli, aail !!•• huiiitrtil vnman, a|kin ninilMina
lh>| wiiiilil Ink* Iha (•>«>riiiii>nl iiwny frnn
|l>riiinH<« a«>l Iwalni* ll niain blin, aail Mllba^
kill lUrwl Ami allbuafh ba iIkI mi aita lha«
hImiI ba bail |ir>HiiiHi<l, yv ildl Ih*' raMhlan«
iit'iku an »«|i*i1iliii» lain JwUaun Ihiil an hhuI,
mill I arrl«il \Hli||iinH« wllblham t'a< ii«Na want
al.ini Iba iiiariliMip imrl*, bat Ihr rnmiiiaMlar
Mitr«a)ibarRa< Ihmwah Ibx nii«llaN<l Nnw Iba
III nana umluiU'l ramrua, hnl Ilia linlnnlam,
unit Ihixa uf I'lulannita, rioiixl bliii. Iluwiitar,
IVnfMa avHl a lru<i|i nl hiiraaman Inlu Jnila*. I*
lalia a alaai uf Ih* aliili ut lb* aiiuiilrji, aiHl l»
•aaial An4lK<iHiMi aiMl ami alao Iha bln^'a Iwllar,
nf III* aam* mm* wilb bmiavlf. Hu tuba* Iba
Jrwa ibal ilwall alwul innunl Cariiial ram* lo
Aniiiuiiiia, aii<l urra riwl) l'> man li wllb hint
lain Jitilaa, .\ulltiMiiM ln>|M>l In g*l aiini* |Mrl uf
Ih" ••Hinirjr !>> llmr naaiainni r 'Ih* (ibwa l«
rallail llrtmli anil Ithrn tuniaulhari raiiM ami
mil Ibaiii, ill* man |irinlrly fill «[Hin Jam-
aati'iMi ami MhcH annia iiior* wara iiMMa In Iham
Ibt* (lit liiKrllur in ifri >il nnnilirra, 'ami ram*
a|a'lnal Ihi' kiHii'a jniLu r iiiiil ticairgml ll lliil
aa l'lNMa>lM('a ami llnriMl'a finrlr lanta In lb*
nlhvr'a aMlalanr*. ami
twain lliani in lb* uiar
I.
Inal Ibrir inrniira
trmtila, anil a*nl a*
jnlnin|( hniiana In III
ilralilul* <i( nil ll n
liiirnl, anil tha h<iM
Mlin maa n|t a|[iti
«rNKi>il »n Ihraf
lillli' an«rwnril lor thia
t liarl
lialll* hapin-nril lia*
il'lilaf*. Ill* yminy man
raiiail ihrni Inlu ika
In Iha ail-
yil li<iM|
Hira ^^1-
' r"i''«iiaBF
WM ra- *■
rk nf bl) a
Mjnry ihrjr hail iilTi rail
)nHUK Birn, anil an Una in , , ,
^iirraanrr iil ll)rranua, wlin waa llrriiir* I'ulhi r- ! bim, whan In fon^hl Willi tlirnii anil aj«w a (rati
IM-lafV alriail).* Whrn AnInAt hail haaril tuitb nuiiiliir ul Ihini.
'^Wa at Diijihii*, ha aakril llyfra
KUi, but thai
anua wlili Ibry
yiir.li ihal j(i(v*rii»il iha nalinn' lirall hi' raiiliriT,
nil Ilia frl«iiila. lUniiiain Anlnii),li)i
ilil bna|iiiiilil« frlrniltlii|i h* hail
' 'it [ Anli|iatar.) at Ihal lima
K^lliiiiiua, ba inmli'linlb llrroii
I'i'ha. iiii|l riiiiiiMilli'il lliit puh'
jrwa In llt> tii*jij iil ivrnia irllar*
ll» nl'njMH&^lirnur thair
fiiiil wna |(iiiii|pp^in tiivi
II ll till ir iMiriliii
'i. V <( <i|il iu>t llirar iiirn ninlinu* ipiirl whrn
(liry wara ronia liai'k, hut a thnuianiJ bl' Ihn
Jtwaranle In Tjrra lo inrat bim Ibrra, whithiir
tha rrimrl wna Ibat ha wnulil mini', lint Aiilnny
wua i'nrni|ilril liy tha mnnry whirh llrruil ami
Ilia lirulbfr hail K'^an hini, anil an bi< Ka*r onlrr
tu tbo (uvrriinr ul Iha plain |i> iiiiniih, Ilia Jrwlih
■nilmaaailiirai who wara liir makiiif Inniivntinna,
and to M'llln Itia ((nvrrnnirnt U|nin llrrnil; 1(^1
iiantti wrnt nut bnatily In llitin, nnil llyirnnui
waa nilh him (fur Ihay ituiiil upnn Ibi' alinra
iMlnrt' III!' rllt,) anil hiM'bnr|(t'il Ihrlii lo (rnthrir
wavi, liiTiiiKi' ((nnt niiarhii'l' wonlil lii'Cill Ificni
if tlii'y wi'iit iHi with thair ncriiaHlion. liul Ihry
, dill lint uriiiiii'arii ; tyliar<'U)Kin Iha Kmimna ran
upon thini njlh Ihi^ir ila|(|;rra, anil aliw annir.
'I. liiil'whila llirra wrrr itnity akirniiihrt, Ilia
riirniy wailril fur lUv rniiiinK "^ I''" nmllilNili'
niil III' lhi< rnnnirt In IVnlriuill, a fraal of iiur*
aiiinlliili Hiiil wdrn Ihul ilay waa niinia, iiiany
tin llioiiaanila nf lli* piii|ilr wara Kulliirail to-
KKlbir almnl Iho li'in|ili', anin* in ariimr, ami
•niiir wilhutil. Nnw IIiii-k that ranii'j KUnnlril
linlll tbii lriii|ili' ninl thr i Ity, rifriilinK wbni >><'■
InnKnl In Ihn (Mlnrr, wbirh llnrnil Ruiirilril with
n frW nf hi* anliliira: iiml I'liaanrlwa hflil III*
rhnricd of llii' Willi, whili' llinwl, wilh a limly nf
hi< iiirn, ■nlliiil nut upiu Ilia fiu'iiiy, whu li) in
thr aulHirlia, mul fitiiKliI VnuraKvonaly, anil pnt
many tin Ihuuaiimla lu lliKbl, auHHi ll)iiii( into
III* ill), nnil aiinii' inln the li'm|ilii, ami aiiina Inlu
th« uuirr furlilii'iili'ina. I<ir auinii aiiili I'orliA-
I'Hiiniia lliari' m>ri' in thai plara. I'Iiimiu lilt
I'liiiia ala,i ll) hi(^«i>lnnriii yi'l t*a« I'ai'nriii. the
Kinaral 'if Ih* rnrtliian«, at Iha ilitiri' uf Anil-
unnua, ailmitli'il into lf|i' rity, with a frw nf kit
Iinrai'innn, niiilrr pritiiiii'i' inilrrd n If In- wnulil
•till ihr^aiuliliiiM, liiil In ri'niity to uaalat Ami-
KuiHia in'Mililinin;; till' Kiitvriinirnl. Ami whrn
T'hniai'lua >iii t liiiii, anil rcciivpil him kirtilly.
I'liriirua flrraimili'd lihn In i;n himarll' rii anibaa-
■uilur lu llariiiptiiicni'i, whIrh niM iluiin fmnitu-
liully. All nnlinKly, I'hiianilua, auapii-tlnK no
* Wa innv lu'rn tnka !inilri>, tlinl tinnutalt aliino rnuan lila grnnililnudili'r ^liiilamna wua iKiirollinil lo
waraofaldraici'mril Bwilhdi'ntrounilallonfarajlliiilri hint, alllioiiili ilin innrrlnKn wia not coiuplalcd till
liyrcanua Ixiliig lino riillud /ar/k«rla faviollcruil, Iw- ftnir yaara uftarwnrd, H«« Mnit, 1. IS.
mt ib*if ^t
•• ^h Ibalr an
«l lb* Ar
Kf% ala, I
ant I ami
••nHlwalait
«b«4 Aaiif
ana * tbnii
t« aaaiii bl
IMrlu'l <>f
an* wb» 11
Ibani by |ii
• bay ba'l I
WnMril fi.a
lb« wrr« I
l«r nf n«i
an IhImimiII
AmI Ibiaa
nam in, ail
ail ibi^iH
■Nwlril I'l
buHtlmrk.
waa niM (>
■ aritaii wii
Ibia trrarb
lb* ^jrKiii
liriKHlv hi
waa jnal lij
llyminua,
hul br Wr
illil bill w,
>itm ■■ »«»l
ha wiHilil a
~ aiiV'. Ihul
llinl riiinr
■ JJL«inil ibai t
a* ^IImI llir l>«
iw Irnlh l«
Irniilili'il I
(lijrn ami
U, H'lla
rania nnd
fhiiaiii liU^
tb«ir juiiji
•rnl iiKiiin
lliiii nilhn
hlni; lull II
In Inliiriii
rnrllii'ina-
lliiil ariO'il
thr niixl )
of Ihr ll«i
ninllir, ilii
ami aanl "
furt>lli<' w
inif him lii
, ll) hiaiijvi
' *».. an nriniin
hml." Ill
•nilh (t>r til
ril iipiiii
HyriiiriHs
Ilia iiiiinilii
him plill I
altlinnxh i
yrt iliil ha
Wlailuiii,
T, Nuw
linn what
think it pr
p^nn III'
Iht di'Urii
V
. ', 1
■:^
w
RnOK XIV -CIlAf. Xltt.
«M
<*<liH •Vlk'f I.I t^t Ik'H* lh»l
'•>hIi<MM(> I l>Hl I'm XIM I<I1 Mtlh lliannl •»•)
MAIrfiWh'tf** tH*H, **t*l l(iim«n. hHii miHt tit
••I T'k< ^V>'m<iit M<l r'tmlii' l> il lh» witirra
•l tlHit»)Hi«rM«« r «itit «(Hrw l^)*)> w«»* M <>«•<
"^ VI flwt> »>HM IUr«i|ltil«>Ma it»« ^»«*U>>I ll»>M
*• tH« Ant wtlh •liarrrHlmM, (imI fM>i-l> Ihviit
Mf««M«, iri.iW(|t ku iir4irw4i>tl «ii«M|4>»>l •|i«Mi<il
. llk«HtiMHl l'biM4« lit', mHH bM b«v»H»N, mrt¥
r„mttt*tK\ lu IIh< viintil* bul MtitM lh« t Kxtfl
•h«4 Anlitonnt hnil |Wiin«l«<»l lit g)«i> Itto f nixhk'
•Ha « tlw in<l likHl*. •»! It«* littittlrvit KMmriti
Ih MaM ItiHl •iniiial iNain, llw) •••«)) llaHl » aiM
|i««lui >i< Ilia. FHirlwHi«ii'a. .tliirriitir, lli»n wu
««* »(»» l»l.i»lmil Ilia III llitll aiiuraa »rf» Inhl |.i»
lk«iH bf Nluhl, whtt* »)tii<<i>'l fmut irrrvil), «imI
•lt>|i kw'l Inan Ihiii fitf\ up"n, Ii'mI lh*t u-.t
WiiMril <<>» lh« Mltiira III llirml lit tha' ISrIHMM
ikMI wrn iiliiiMI Jaiiia.ili M, !■•• uimn Ilia a|»iiffi'
l«r nf Ihrrmiiii nml I'liianriiia, w ahmiM Imti'
tM iHlliiHiitain III II, «it>l t ••'»(« iiml ii( Ilia tr liia<i<l<.
AmI ihr<» wrni Ihf ■ irfaidniiiwr* th#( tun,
NOW l», aiul lllr) MW»||»)l>a» M rr* ihlll gltll»('
■ »a| ibalM, "«>«)•■ (IrAiitt* Iwla-ttt KrH«4tl hitar f<af<
•wwli-il l'ttiM«ilHa I'l^llt lattiiv liiiNiailMlilt ntl
kill*!! lull k , mill mil ai^y HM) loMa-ri •ml Hmrai
aHM una <)|ilii'Hlll>, hIki, itlHiaai ill llir faal, H.ia
• iirlMial uMh h»»t l'> il'i •". fur hr IimiI hinnl •<!
tliU ttrmhtty (riiMi hi<rn)M«IU< I'"' fir.hral nl «li
Ihn ^ItrHina *t itiiil lnna>, mImi itl«<i |ir lanl In
|irii«Hl* hiiai alillM I'l mrry liimnlfi liir lliai ant
WHa jlMl \t) llflll. Illlt tff hl«>l Hal Mllml III ill •• rt
llyminua, nor ItriiiK hi« limlliar lin.i' il«n|[irt
hul Im' waiil In |liir<ii|illuiriia-a, hihI Inlil Imii lii<
illil litil ita;| (Matly ttliiM In iiiHilc aiM h n rmilrl.
titni ■' UBiallial Ihrili, liir llliil if llr ttanlraj liliilH y,
ho wiHilil Kiav hull iiiiiOa, ili.iii '\iiliK<iiiii*i mill In '
~ tU\v, Ihiil II wiM II kvirrltili' Ihlnii In allt) ifiii.v
llinl riiiiirlnliliiiuiMiivUii'airiirlli nHlivir nnlli*,
. JImiHiI iIidI Hhaii lh(<y Wl •Iniw tliim nn Injury
■•' '"'lliil llii liiirlinriiin aaior«> lt> lilni Ihm llii-ii uiia
lu Irnlli III iiiiy iil' Im aunfiliVma, liill llml I"' nua
Irniilili'il dlllt HfUhiiiif lull f,i|«i' |irii|iiiauta, uml
lliJ-M «riil riwii^ In IVmriiv "
U, H'>l ** ti'i'Hi mIx W^» (rnnimntny, aniiir iiii i)
rmii» nii'l lioumJ Myn .nura iiml Wri-iii lua, hIhIi
■"hiiiin liu^tfti-ililt ti'|irni»lui' Ihr I'liriliiitiia Inr
iba^ir |u:i|tt«v. Hnw vaj^ lliiil liulia-r l»lw »n»«
•(III iii'niii.t H*rwl, Imh.I II 111 riittiiiiami In k'I
lljiii niltiniil tU|l»llaM lIlK illy.Mil wUr U)>nn
hlin; lull iinnrnn>ra JMail In It'll ai'iK liy fhiiatii Im
In liiliniii llvmil (.1 tilt iiaLrfidKiiiNUo-aia tif llir
I'tirlltiiiii "mI »hiil Im ItiiKli lh«l lliv riii-iiiy
llllll ai i<i i| iijjiiiM liMll. Illhli'lit lo I'lirnrila, uinl In
llir iiiiial notiMil III lliii FHflliiiin*, B» In On Inpl"
III' tlif li»f, Hhn, nlllitiHItli llity iiltiH' lh« whiila
ninllir, liiHtmiilml tvjih him iii « ilrii^liut my ;
■lul tiiMl " Ihial lir iiiiftlit In Kn inil with ihnli >h>
fiiri> lliv wnlla, mill mai l llinaa- whu wi|;i IlliM^^-
inn hull lim iHli T«. fnr lI'Kl 0'(f wcr* not liilkt ii
^ l») hialiijn T'lirin, lull IM Ti' I'tiiii^nif lo uWr hirii
. *".. (11 itri'niiiit ill' Ihrit jrnnil auri raa T'hiift(>liia hnil
linil." Ilitiiil iliil IMl |{l*r rrrilil In whnt ilia y
•niilifitrlii' hiHthi'iiril llniC hia tirnOn'r wiia at ii-
ril ii|uiii hy iiiiii r< iil>n' iHitl Ihit ilnuKlilar nf.
Myri'iiriiiti, tthnai' iIuiik'i''''' 'i*' Ii'><I M|ioiiaril, win
Ilia iiiiinilnr iiUo { iinl In criiilit llicni, 1 whii'h iiiliili'
hliii pllll iiinrp •iia|iii'lniHi uf ihl' I ■rlhlHiia, fiir
■Ithnuich nihi r imuJiIi' iIuI IioI kIvi- lirril In hrr,
yrl dill hr liilii'vi' Inr iia n wiiiimii of irry |frr«l
«VI«loill.
T, Nnw wIiIIp lh« I'nrlliiniia Mt|tri' in rsnaiillii.
lion ivhal wiia At In lir tloiii'; f.ir llir) Hill lint
ink il prtijii r In iiiiiki; iin o|i<'ii iilliiii|il ii)«in i
^nn nf Ilia i Imrncli f; itml whili' llnjr puVol,
ihc (U !• riiiiniiliuBiinlil lliii rirxt ilii}-, ilcruil Wttt
3»
Ih
<*•> lir. Kit I , HllMW,
lia^l 11)1 .llMlffh|a>nl .^|ai%Hilitrr,<|||||%|i|
'H|||»», WIIN W WolKafilln. ilni
tmirt «f»»l .l»a««(»wili» III mM . *Mt| M|M» I*
rllnlHIi In !■*•»••• tkn fimifli ||» N4 |k» ml iMMMM
kla l«'.«l.»» »H.I it» l'««tli|iH«, Uml III §!«# (h»»«t
in»MiWiMa«it| tin lU .i«M.a a|iif,lla.i(ait mnintfil
•llal nhm ly aa>M|na i.|«^ h||| |ir »,m4| imkil
H»f nl It |.i»T»U Itigltl, lami iint'«Hill>t nwy IhMM
•laUf. M II tH» <li»H|uH f»..i» thu »M*>ny »a>ii»ll|*
»•• vaHal* ll» lH>Ml.il>. rrHHH|#al wt^li iha
•rmaal Htm «*h>.m lir Mtl uHli hti|ivM|tl a<«\||
>*I>M Htatll Ika IWIHla, M ulaaa hl< Mkllli p MM
iMft^fi «Stf Wr itBoiii i«i
( *ltWI<
nl Anai.ilH
|l|ir*illliH. IWif hli |ta«>iw»al t»nilh|. , nil.!
aaranni*. tml ll.a II ai It? Ill* muliiiiili' llHM
wilh hiin, wm\ wilhiiMi ilw tnrmiat' pHkiift.
aii»<t Ilia »iif |.t blitmaii mit muM ii>I^W|li>^H
kla, ullai ihrN am* klM IH Ihia aK**, liMvH Ihi|^
IkritfDil, IhiI w.ilil I hilla i i»»|HI>a»tllli'i|> lUa 6l||
llllll , uliilai ilti HKHMan ilritii *liillf Ihi'Mr mhllj
■ llllilrrH, uml lall Idiif niiit rnnillil, Hmi iN^lf
IriaNala In |i>|ai.n, wittt !»•»» In IWU traa, MiP
•Hal lianaaiilitlltnw, ami III ii«iiaii'ltli'HI >if
liHl ulial H'laiil II HialiiA kail* IMiiii. .<
H. llMl r.ir ItrrKi hli«ia»lr, lia. rina.il IiI<]MmI
iltiiki lh» mlaa'rulih •(iil> h, Mi«a ih, lanii fftM M
(.>twl ruiirii«i» In III*. Hiiilal nl hU I ^«<tir|iiii»t|
•itial <M ha- imaaul .limit, In IhmI* mHiv "lla In h*
III kwhI ifiaar. xnal mil In |rli* IliriWaa Ivi* Hp 10
~tfiHit», lt»f »•!*»• Ihiil WnaiM hl«<l*r lhi>in^ii« Iftatji
»iU), «hlrli w»a waiw lhi. imly hn|iai nf tmlrif
Ikiil lliaii hail .\i'i'iifilin(ly, iha) Irlnl In h«*l
lailh iMluiii* llir mlnmily iha y m>tr uintrr, u
hi. a xhnrlril llta in In ilni yrl una he nqar rInmmI
(nlnii In kill lliiiia>>ll', niKin Ih* ii«|.alh>i»y tH •
lyiiKiiii, anil Iha. ilmiiir nia innlhrr wia Ihaii In
nl In liii( klllrH, ami iTila tin li«> aainuiila, liai itiiaai
nf hia (rral itim aim fur hirr, nml hrranar hr wu
■tfrnitl, Uai liy Ihia ilrl^, Iha rM>iM; tNoHlid
■iiirliiki' bUn In ihn |iiiraiiMt bill aa li* waa ilniill-
in^ hia ininftl, anil l(iil»|t In kill bliiiarif Ibrra-
wilh, iknaai llial wrrii iiraavnl ft airiiiiiril hiiii, anil
liriHl an iimny in niiiiifn'i. wrra- Inn Inirtl fur hlWIi
ami Inlil hliii, ihni ha nii|gll nnl In ili arH ihrin,
ami l>'H«a> lh»iH ll,|iril II Ihrlr <i|aiiili.a, fnr ihak
Il wiia nnl itiK iiiirl nf * lirntat Hiaii In Ifia. biwa
aAf iVniil Ilii' illalfia^ia hi' Maa III, ami |.i ti«*r>
Innk hia friaiiila llml wrri' In iht an, in itiiliiaaM
nh>i. ^*» hi. H.ia iiiiii|Htlail In. h i ihiil hiuriil
a<lriii|il iilniir, iiii|.||y Vinl iiT almitn al what lh*7
>iilil Id hlHi, anil (inrily nnl nf mrni'il lullir xraiil
nuiiiixr nf Ulnar llinl H rtiM nnl liariinl hnn Inilo
ttlint hi. lull ilili'il h.i III' aiii'iiiirKKitl Ilia ninltier,
anal- liiaik all lUa* ^'arai •»! U4>f Iba* Iniia. avnIaVI allnWi '
an'l |irniii filril on llic any In |iriipiiaiil ln||n wltb
tllr uliiinal hiiair, ami llial Hiia |ii ihi fnrlriaa of
M.iaawiin. Ami ua In' liinl Hiiiny akiriiiialira Hilh
aiH'li nf Ihr rurlhliiiia iia all. it liril hlni, liini |iur-
all* tl hiiii,hr wiia riiiti|itai'nr in Itlrin nil.
t). Nnr Hlijrnl »iia hi' fra r imiii llir Jtita all
lung aa ha- M*ii« in lii« IIikIiI ; f.ir liy Ihi' lliiii< hn
hiul Ktilliin aiM) lurhiiiKa mil nf lliv i liy, anil WH
ii|Mn Iht' rnnili Ihiy fill i||Min linn, ainl Iminht
luinil lir l|iinil wilb him, nlmni hr iiltn |nil In
RiKJil, ami nvrrrniiH , iml li^at niii' Unit tmaa in
iliatrrx Antl ill nrl'iaaily, hut likr inn ihiil i%M
(Hfi Mi'iiily pri'piinil fur war, ami hml nhnl k*
niiiili'il in Krrnl (ilrnly. Anil in Ihia vriy pinra
ivhrrr hr nvrn'ani* llir Jriva il Wat thiil hr apiii*
linn' aflirMrDnl built n ninal < m'tlliiil niiliiri.iintl
n lily rouiul ulimil it, ami nillfil |i lltrn'liiiiil.
Ami hIiiH hr waa roitir In IiIn i, «l « (ilaiil
lullril 'I'liri'aiN, hia hrnllirr J'wr|ih inn him, anil
hr Ihrn brhl n rnum'll In Inkr mlriir nbniil nil bll
nlfaira, ami whal waa Al In linlniiltin hiaiirriini-
atiiiirra, aimr hr bnil ii Krrnl iiiiiltituilr Ihiil fiil-
Innril him, liraiiira liia mfni'miry (nlilirra, and
Ihr (ilai'r Maiaaila, wliilhrr hr pniiniard tn 1)^'
wiia Inn aniiill In I'nnluin an Kmt a iiiulliliiali ; ao
hr arnt way t'lr Knnlir (nirt nf hia rntopaa/. ',
l» init alxiri' ninr lli.nianml, ami liuilr Ihtni fa
•onit! una wny, and •niur aautlur, and lu nit
2a2
•ft
®
i^
(t
i;
'-■' .. J,
/t. . , "k'
r ■\
t^"'
200
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
r •
t
llicnifclvei ial(luniea,anil |;:ive them what would
buy tliiiui (iroviftioni oh tht-ir journey; but be
took with him those lliat were tb« leuHt ciii'udL-
br.rcd, Ami Uitv iiiDit iiitiinute with liiiii. nuil
roini! to the fortroi, anil placed there his wiviii
nnd bU followtirit, being eight hundred in nun)-'
bcr, lluid bting in the |tlute a aullii'ieut quunti'
ty of corn and »voter, and other neceasariea, anil
went directly for I'etra, in' Arnliiu. llul when
itwui day, the rarthinna plundered all Jennu-
leni, and the p:dat:e, and aliatained from nothing
but Hyrcanu»"«i inoliey, which wnn thrte hun-
dred Indents. A great dml of IIerod'« money
Kicnped, and principally all tiiut the man had
been bo provident a» to iicnd into Idiinien before-
hand: imr indeed did what wan in the citysulliee
l)ie. I'arlhians, but they went out into the eoun-
trn and plundered it, and demolished the city of
JVIiirissa. ■
10, And thus was AntlRonMslirought brick into
Judea by the king of the rarthinnr, and received
Hyrcanus and I'liasaelus for his prisoners; but
lie was greiitly cast down beransu the wonieu
had escaped, whuni ho intemlc(l to liaye given
the enemy.as having prtflnised they should have
thrui, with the money, for their reward; but
being afraid that. Ilijrcanus, who was under the
^Kard- of the I'arthians, miglit have his kin^-
iliini restored to him by the multitude, he cut oil'
hl:> ears, and thereby took care tliut the high
priesthood should never come to hiiii anymore,
)ecausc he was maimed, while the law nicpilreil
that this dignity should belong to none Imt tnch
ai ha<l all tlieir members entire.* llBtjicnv one
rannot but here admire.the forlilude of IMiiisae-
lu!>, who, perceiving that he was to be put to
diiith, did not think death any terrible thing at
all; but to (lictlins by the meapi of his enemy,
this he thought a most pitiable and di!<lionor-
nble thing, ai)d therefore, since he had not U^
hands at liherty, for the bonds lie was im\J<!f-
ventedhiin frobi killing himself thereby, hiAlasfi-
ed his head against a great stone, and therehy.
took away his own life, which he thouglit to lie
the best thing he could do in such a ciistress as
he was in,. and thereby put it out of the jiowcrof
the enemy to bring him to any death he plcas^.
It is also reported, that when he had Uiade a
great wound in his head, Antigonus sent pliysi-
'eians to cure it, and by onlering thcni to iafiise
poijibn into the wouiid, killed Irim. However,
I'hasaeliis hearing, before he was quite dead, by
n certain woman, that his brother Herod had
escaped the enemy, underwent his death cheer-
fully, since he now left behind him one who
would revenge hi* death, and who was able to
inllict punishment on his enemies.
CHAP. XIV.
How Jitroil pot away from the King of Arabia,
and made liasle to go inioEgi/pl, and timnct
mnt au-arj in Haste also to Rome; and how, by
' promisinsc a great deal of Money to Antony, he
obtained of the Senate and of Casar to be made
King of the Jews. a
, } 1. As for Herod, the great miseries he was
lU did not discourage him, but made him sharp
is- discovering surjirisin^ undertakings; for he
. ivcrit to Malcnus, king ol Arabia, wliom he haS
. ibrmcrly been very kind to, in order to receive
somewhat by way of requital, now he was in
more than ordinary want of it, and ilesired he
would let him have some monfey, either by way
of loan, or as his free gift, on .account of the
many benefits he had received from him; for not
jtiiowing what was become of his brother, he
was in haste to redeem him ou.t of the hand of
» Thl,.'lai» nf Mn«i»« flint tlii. priff.tii ivcre to lie KJIk-
\\\* eneiiiies, as willinz to give three liundt'ed
talents for tile price ofnis redemption. He alto
took with him (he son of I'hasaelus, who was a
cliiM of but seven years of age, for this very rea-
son, tliat he might ben hostage for the repay-
mrut of the muhey; but there came iilessengeis
from Mnlchu* to meet him, liv whom he whs
ilesired tu be gone, for that tlic I'arthians had
laid a charge upon him not lo entertain Herod.
This was oidy a pretence which he made use of
that he^ilpfht not bo obliged to repay him what
he owed him; and this he wa^i further iiidnred
lo by the principal men ainoMg the Arabian^
that they might cheat him of what sums they
had rec'eiveir froiii (his fallier] .Xntipiiter, and
wlilch he had cdmiuilted lo tlieir fidelity. He
mad"* uijswer, thai lie did not intend to be Iroii-
blesomelo them by his coming thither, but tliat
he desiiiil 6iily lOi5rncoiir<e with them about
certain u/liiiM that were to him of the greatest
iuiportniice.
2. Hereupon he resolved to go away, and did
go very prudently the road to l'.j;ypt; and theii
it was 'that he lodged in a certain temple, for he
had left u great many ol' his followers there. On
the next day he cartie to Khinocolura, and there
it was that lie heard «|iat had btfulleii his bro-
ther. Though Maldiiis Soon repented of whal
he liail done, and came ninuing alter Herod, but
with no manner of aii^;ci'ss, for he was gotten ii
verv great way olf, and made hiisle into the roa<l
to I'elnsinm; and when the stationary ships that
liiv then^ hindered him from sailing lo Alexan-
dria, he went to their captains, by whose assist-
ance, and that qut of much reverence of, and
great regard to him, lie was coiiducled into tlia
city [Alexandria;] aifll was retained tliere bv
(,'lcopatra; yet was she not able to prevail willi
him to stay tliere, because he was making haste
to Koine, even though the weatlier was ftormv,
and h>,' was informed that the nlTairs of Italy
were very tumultuous and in great disorder.
:i; So lie set sail from thciiCe to I'amphylia,
arid, fulling into a violent storm, he had mrich
ado lo escape to Rhodes, with the loss of tin
ship's burden: and tliere it was that two of his
friends, Sappinas and I'toleinciis, met with him ; .
and as he found that cily very miicli damaged in
tlic war iigainst Cassiiis, though he were in ne-
cessity bimself, he ntglected not to do it a kind-
ness, but did what he could to recover it lo its
fjrniir stale. He also built there a thrccrdccked
shin, and set sail thence. With his friends, for
Italy, and rainc to the port of lirundusiuni; and
*wheii he was come from thence to Koine; lie (ii>t
related to Anthony what had befallen him in Ju-
dea, and how Phasaelus, his brotlier, was seized
on by the Parthians, and )iut to death by them:
and how Hyrcanus was ilctained captive by
them, and how they made Antigonus king, who
had promised them a sum of money, no less than
a thousand taleuts, with five hundred wonien. .
who were to be of the princqial families, and oi
the Jewish stock, and that he had carried oA' the
women by night, and that by undergoing a great
many hardships, he had esi-aped the hands ot
his eneiiiiesj as also, that his own relations were
in danger of being liesieged and taken, and tliat
lie had sailed through i> storm, and contemned
all. these terrible .dangers, in order to conic af
soon as possible to him, yvhu was his hope and
only succor at this time.
4. This account made Antony commiserate
the change that had hajinened in Hcrod'a rondi-
tipn;t and reasoning with himself that this tvas
a common case among, those that are placed in
such great dignities, and that thcry are liable to
the mutations that come from iortunet be wa>
tlm iiniB wlif n lie heifan hia Mconil reign, without a
rivil, upon tlic conquest and alaiiElilcr of Aatigoiiua,
botli prinripally derived from tliia and tlie two next
chapters in Joscphus, aco tlie note on%jU. 0, and eVaf,
XV. sect. 10. . ' .'
tut bltmifk, aa to all ilie parts 6{ their bodies, is In Lev,
Hi.17— 24. '
t Conccrnlni! tli(< chronology of Ilcrod, nnd tlie time
when tie was first made king at ltome,4ind cuiicerniiig
|-l-~-V:
DOOK XIV^HAP. XV.
297
very ready to give him tho M«ii(iincr lie detircil,
and thi»licpuuac h« called In mind tliv rrlKn(liIll|)
he had had with Antipater, brcnim^ llrrod pA'ered
liiin iiioiiey to make him V'me< »» hr had for-
.mrrlv iriven it liiiii tn malic, him titrnrcU, ami
ihirlly brcauie of hit hniriil tu Aiitigonut, for
lie topic him to be a aeditioun perioii, aud an ene-
my to the Rnnmim. Cie^ar waj alwi the for-,
warder to rniiie llerod't dignity, ami to give him
hi> atnistancc in nlmt he desin'd, on nrcount of
the toilli of'war whirh he liad himself undervono
with Antipater hi« fatlitr in Kj!;ypt, and of the
hospitalily he had tnnted him withal fnd the
kindncnK he hod always showed him, ak'aUo to
gratify Antony, who was very lealons for Herod.
So a seiuilc Wiis ronvncatcd; and Mc^tnla, first,
an* then Atratin'iis, introduced tiirod ihto it.
and enlarged upon the Ix'nefits they )iad receiv-
ed froiii his father, and put them in mind of the
^ood-willhchadbornetotheRomaii'i. At the same
time they accused Aiiti|;onus, and declared him
nn enemy, not only because of his former oppo-
sition to'them, hut that l)e bad lidw orcrlooked
the Romoiis, and taken the government from the
Pnrthians. Upon this the senate was irrilnted:
and Aniony informed them further, that it was for
their advantage in the I'arthian war that llerod
should be king^. This seemed good to all the
senators; and so they made a decr«e accordingly.
5. And this w^s the principal instance of Aii-
tony's afl'ectinnjfoir Herod, that he not only pro-
cured him a kicji^oin which he did, not exiit (tt,
(for he did not cohie with an inteiiftoni^o ask the
kingtlom for himself, which he did, not suppose
the Romans would grant him, wh6 used to be-
etoiv it onsome of the rural family, but intended
to desire it for his wife's brotlffr, who was grand-
son by his father to Aristobufus, and to Hvrca-
nusby his mother,) but that he procured it for
him so suddenly that be obtained what he did not
expect, and depSrlcd out of Italy in so few diiys
as seven in all. This young man [the graHflsoii]
Herod afterward took care to have slain, as we
fhull show in its proper place. I!ut hIhii the
senate was dissolved, Antony ond Ca-sar went
out of the seiiatc-house, w ith Herod between
tbein.and with the consuls and other inn^istrates
before them, in order to ofl'er sacrifices, and to
lay up their decrees in the capitol. Antony also
feasted Herod the first day of his rei^n. And
thus did this man receive 'the kiiig<lom, hnviii":
obtained it on the hundred and eiglity-lourtli
Olympiad, when Cains Doiiiitius L'alvinus was
consul the second time, oiid Caius Asinius I'ollio
[the first time.]
6; All this while Aniigonus besieged those that
were in Massadn, who had plenty of all other
necessaries, but were only in want of water,* in-
somuch that on this^ occasion Joseph, Herod's
brother, was contriving to run away from It, with
two hundred of his depcnddiSts, to "the Arabians;
for Tie heard that Malchus repented of tho offen-
ces he had been guilty of with regard to Herod:
, but God, by sending rain in the night-time, pre-
vented hi« going away, for^heir cisterns were
thereby filled, and. he was under no necessity of
running away on that account; hut they iVcre
now of good courage,, and the tiiore so, becaii^
the sending that plenty of water which they had
been in want of, seemed a mark of Divine I'ro-
vidence; SO. they made a sally, and fought-JiMid
to hand with Antigonus's soldiers, with gonie
openly, with some privately, and destroyed a
great number of them. At the same time, Ven-
tidius. the general of the Romans, was sent out
of Syria, to drive the I'arlhians out'' of it, and
marched after them into Juden, in pretence in-
deed to succor Joseph, but in reality the whole
affair was no more than a stratugem, in order to
get money of Autigunus; sj tliuy pitched their
camp very near to Jeritsnlem, and Mrippfd Anli-
gonui of a great deal of money, and then he re-
tired himself with the griBftiv part of the army!
but, that the wickediie«»^lie had In <mi guilty of
might not be founil out, he left Silo lliire, w'lth a
certain part of his ioliliir«. with w hoiii iiUo Anti-
(^onni cultivated an acfjuaiiiiiime, tlilVI he" might,
cause him no disturbance, anil was still in llojies
that the I'arthiana Would come again ami defend
bim.
CUM'. XV.
How 'Htnd tailed out of Italy to Jmlea, and
./ought Willi Jlntiffoniis; and umni other Tliingt
happened in Judea almul that Time.
} 1. Ry this time Herod had sailed out of Itnlv
to I'toleiniiis, and had gotten t(>!;etlier no sniiill
army, both of strnneers and of his own country-
men, and marched tliroiigh (iaiilce against Anii-
gonus. Silo also, and Viutiiliiis, rniiie and as-
sisted liiin, being persuaded bv Delius, who was
sent by Antony to assist in bringing back He-
rod. Xow, for Ventidius, he was riupluyed in
composing the disturbancrs that had been made
in the cities by the means of the I'arthians; and.
for Silo, he was in Judea indetd, but corrM|ited
bv Anfigonus. However, as llerod went along,
bis nrniy increased every day, and nil (Jiilihe,
with some small exception, joined bim; but 114 he
was marching to those tliat were at Muss:i(Fu,
for be was obliged to endeavor to save those
lliiit were in that fortress, now they wen- br-
sii'ged, bec'aiise they were his relations, Juppn
Was n hindrance to hiiii, fur it was iiece«sary
for him to take that place first, it being n city at
variance with him, that no strong hold niight l>«
left in his enemies' hands behind him, When he
should go to Jerusaleih: ond when Silo made
this n pretence for rising np from Jerusnleni,
and was thereupon pursued by the Jews, Herod
fell upon them with a small body of men, and
both put the Jews to flight and saved Silo, when
he was very poorly able to difeiid hini.si It'; but
when lierod had taken Joppu, hi! made haste to
set free those of his family that were in Massada,
No\v of the peojde of the country, sitnie joined
him because of tlie friendiihip thev had had with
his f.ither, and some because of tlie splendid ap-
pcaraiice he made, and others by wav of reipiital
for the benefits 4hey had received liiiiii both of
them, but the greatest number ctinie, to liim in
hopes of getting somewhat from hiin afterward,
if he wer)ionce firmly settled in tlie kingdom, r
2. Herod hi|,d noiv a strong arlny; and as he
marched on, Antigonus laiii snares and amlinshes
in the passes and placis most proper fir them,
but in truth he thereby (lid little or no ihrniage
to the enemy: ^n Herod received those of his
family out of Massada, and tlie fortress Ke^sa,
apd theii went on for Jern*ideiii, The soldicrv
also that was with Silo accompanied him all
along, ns did iii;iiiy of the citi/.ein. being afraid
of bis power; and as soon as he ha<l pitched his
camp on the west side of the city; the soldiers
that were set to guard that part shot their ar-
rows, and threw their darts at hiin; and when
some Sallied out in a rrowd, and cuine to fight
band to hand with the first ranks of Heroit-'t
tinny, he gave orders that they sliouldi in the
(i>9t place, make proclamation about the wall,
thab;' he came for the good of the people, and
for thfe^breservatioii of the city, aiu| not to bear
nnv old grudge at even his most open enemies,
but ready to forget the offences which his great-
est adversaries bad done him." But Antigonus,
by way of reply to what Herod had Caused to be
proclaimed, and this before the Romans, and be-
fore Silo also, said, "That they would not dn
justly, if they gave the kingdom to Iternd, who,
NJ
was iio more than u private man, and an Idii-
*Th'» a'ievoiis want of w.iter at Massnda, till tho mcniioneil both here, nnil Of the War, h. I. rli.xv. sicu
phicc had like to liavc been taken by Elie Partliians, i l,iaaii indicutionttiat it was how siiiiiiner tinig. \ .
t
■■^^Hi-
398
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
mean, ■• <■ a hair J«w;* «licrrM th''y oiikIiI in
Ijrituw It oil 'iii« of tlio royal fuiiiilv., on lli<;if
i-u«t<>iii "'iiKi fi'f 'hat in <*asi! (Iicy lit nrmeiit l>iir«
iin ill-will ti> him. iind Imd reu^viMl ii) (leprivc
liiiii of thv king;(l(iiii, ns liiiviiif[Tpci:ivi(| it from
the ruttliinnn, y<'l there wt're many othcm of lii«
family that iiiittht by their law take it, ami these
mirh as hail noway oflendeil the Uoiiinna, and
bein;; of their sacenlotnl fuinily, it woiiKl be an
' unworthy thiiij; to put llicin by." A'ow, while
tbev sni I tliii" one to niipther, flnil fell to re-
|)ro'ai'hiii^ one another on Iwilh iiiilen, Antiponu"
prrniitte(1 his own nitn that were npoii the wall
to defend theiiiselved, who Hsin!j (lieir I) iws, and
Klioninp great alacrity n^airtst Iheir enemies,
eaitily drovi' tlieiu away from the lowers.
;1."Aim1 now it was that Silo discovered that he
bad lalien liriben: for he set a |rood hMiiilxr of
bis noMiers to eoinphiiii alond of the want of pro-
visiont tliey v.ire in, anil to nipiire iiioiie) to
bnyr them food, and that ifwas fit lo let tiieni KO
into jilaceH proper for winter-ipiarlers, I'nic.c tlie
plncex near the eltv »yere a di nert, by rea«6n
that Antiffonus's suldicM bad carried all away;
so he set the arniy upon remo\iiis', and en<lea-
var«d to iiiaiTli away; but Herod pre'-Md Silo
not to depart; and exiiorted Silo's eaplaiiis luid
Kildier') not to. desert ICiii, whin Ciesir and
Anluiiy, auil (lie senate, had sent lilici thjllier, for
that 111- would provide tliein plenty of all tlie
thill!;'* tliey wanted, "'"^ easily priiiiire ihem a
f^reiit aliiiiidiiiice of wimt tliey rifpiired; after
vvliiili entreaty, he iiiimedljiti ly went into (In
a iinow, wbibi Antiffonut'i |carri«on» witlidrrw
thcnifelven, and had great plenty of provision!.
He also went thence, and resolved to ileitrojr
those rolibei's that dwell in the caves, and did
much mischief in thecoimtryi to he ieni a troop
df horseiuV-n, and three conlpanici of anued fool-
men, nRaijist them. They were verv near In a
villnRe called Arhela; and on the fortieth day
after, he r.iine himself with his whole urniy ; and
as the enemy sallied out boWly upon him, the left
wiiiR of his' oriiiy gave way, buflie appearing
with a body of men, put those to lliirht who were-
nircady conquerors, and recalled iiis men that
rannvvuy. He uitu pressed upon hia enemies,
and pursued theni as far as tlie river Jordan,
IhoiiKb they ran away by diffvrcnt roads. So he
brouKht over to hlni nll'tialilee, enceptinf; those
(hat dwelt in thi' caves, aiiU distributed luoniyy-
to every one of his soldiers, giving them a Jiute;;^ j, .c
dredaiid fifty drachiuie apiece, and much niofl;! '^.J.^^t^
\i> their carttains, and sent them into winter-qiuij^Vitjtjt ' ;
ter»: at which time Srio cniiic to him, and hw, ■,i*'-'^'
eomnianders with him, because Antigonus would' , J'
not give them provisions any longer, for he supr
plied them for I'loniorc than one mmith; nay, lie
bad sent to "rdl the country aboujj and or<lerea .^
them to carry ofl tlie provisions that were there,
and retire ("o the mountains, (hat the Konnins
inijiht have no pro\iskin« to live noon, and so
misht perisii bv famine: lint Ilcroil toniniitled
the care of (lm( nin((er to I'herovas, bis youngest
brother, ajid orili red him to reiiair Alexandrium
atiio. Aceoi-din-clv, he (piii-kly made the soldiers
couiitrv, aiiil lift not the bast' pretence to Slh( | abound with ureat plenty of provisions, and le-
for his'(li]<arliin , for be brought an unexpected buiU Atcxandrium, wliicli had been beloin deso-
li'pai
quantity of pMvlsions, and sent to those friends
of his who Inhabited nboiil Samaria, to brinjf
down corn, and wine, and oil, and rattle, and all
other provisions, to Jericho, that there iiiifrht be
no want of a supply for the sohilers for the t,iine
to come. Antigonus was sensible of this, anil
sent presently over the country such as niight
restrain ailil lie in ambush ri)rth'(ise[that went out
for provisions. So these men obeyed the orders
of Antigonus, and got together a great number of
men aboutJerieho, and sat upon the mountains,
and watched those that brought the provisions.
However, Herod was not idle in the mean time,
for he took ten bands of siddiers, of whoiii live
were of tbf Honians, and live of (h(>vJews, with
some mercenaries among them, iind vvHh some _ _
few horsemen, and came to Jericho; and as i ilies about them; but the kinst caused certain
tliev fimnd the city deserted, but that five hun- i eliests (obe made, in order to destroy them, and
late.
5. About' this lime it was that Antony con-
tinned some time at Athens, and that Ventidius,
who was now in Svria, sent for Silo, and com-
manded him to assist Herod in the first place, to
finish the present war, and then to send for their
eonfi"lerate8, for the war they were themselves
enRfljred in; but. as for Herod, he went in great
haste nfrainst tlie robbers that were in the eaves,
and sent Silo away to Ventidius, while he march-
ed against them. These caves were in inoun-
tuins, that were exceedingly abrupt, and in their
iniddle were no olher'tlian" precipices, with cer-
tain entrances into the'cnves, and those Cttvel
, were encompassed with sharp rocks, and in these
did the robbers lie concealed, with all their fam-
dred of them had 'settled theuirfelvi j on the tops
of the bills, with their wive.< and elHIuri n, those
he took and Sent away; bu^ the Honians fell
upon the city and pbmdend il, and found the
houses full o'f all s iris of ^.ood things: so tlie
king left a ^unison at Jeriirlio. :ind cajiie back
again, and sent the Romen anny to take their,
wintcr-cpiartirs in the coniitriis that were come
over to hini, Judea, and (hdilee, and Samaria.
And so much did Antigonus gain of Silo for the
bribes he gave him> that ])art of the army should
be (piarlered at J,ydda, in or:|ir In please Antony.
So the Konians laid their weapons aside, and
lived in jilenty of all things
to be hung down, bound about with iron chains,
bv an engine, I'rorti the top of the mountain, it
being not possible to get up to them, by reason
of (he sharp ascent of the mountains, nor to creep
down to them from above. Now these chests
were filled with aniied men, who had long hooks
iri their hands, by which they niight pull out
such as resisted ihem, and then tumble them
down, and kill thcnl by so doing; but the letting
the chest down proved to be a inattcr of great
danrcT, because of the vast depth (hey were (n
be ieidown, altlious'h they bad their provisions
iri the chests themselves:' but when the cliests
were let down, and not one of those in the mouths
of the caves durst come near them, but h^y still
. 4. But Herod wns not pleased ^Irith lying still . ,
.but sent out his brother Joseph against Idiimea out of \fenr, some of the armed men girt on then
tvith two thousand armed t'ootmcn, and four hun- nrmor,\and by both their hands took hold of tli«
dred horsemen, while he liimself came (0 Sama- | chain, by which (he chests were let down, and
-j'ia, and left iiis mother and his other relations went irlto the mouths of the caves, because tllcy
there, for tiicv w«ic already gone out of Massa- .fretted that such delay was madcby the robbers
da, and went into Cialilce, ("o take certain places i not daring (o come ou( of the caves; and when
Wliich were heM by the carrisons of Antifjonus; they were at any of those mouths, they first kill-
and he passed on to Sepplioris. as God sent I ed many of those that were in the roouths with
• This ofiiritintion of Antinonua, sjiokcn in the days , tv, ch. I. serf. S. AeroriihiBly Joseptius always eslccni*
of Ilcroil, and in a manner to his fare, (hat he was an lilm an hlumran, thniish he says his father Antipatcr
Idttm^an. I. c. .■! half Uvi, cccinia til ma »f i ni i ch u i c iitcr . wa g of the s iiiiig peo pl e wtd i l l ie J ews , eliap. vi ii. se ct
authority tlian (hat pretcnrcof his favorite and (liitte- i, and Iiyliirdia Jew, Anliq.b.w.cli. viii. sert."; aiiri-
rer Nicolausnf Daniasrus, that lioilcriveil his peih'.'rec dcoil all surli prn=elytesorjurticcastheMumeans wcr«
from Jews as far bacUwanl as the llahylonisli captivi- i in time ealccmcil the very some people with the Jews.
would I
BOOK XtV.— CIIAP. XV.
and hw , ■>-^'-^
'y,'
■%
■?'■
their daft! mid nrirnvard piiltrd Itinnc In (lirm
thut rcMatcU Ilium witiv llitir li<i(ik«, iind (iiiiiblcd
lliiiii dowii the prtcinicci, luid iiftenvnrd nii|t
liilo the c'Uvri, mid, killed iiiiiny iiuirr, iind thrji
ivcnt into thrir chctts ii[;iiin, uikI luy dill th< re;
but upon llii«, trrror •ririd tlx' riKt, ivhrn thry
hbiiril th« laiiirntutioHi that wtv. iiinilr, lUid thi'y
ilnpaired bl t^acapin;;: hnwfvi r, nhtn llu^ night
Cnnio on, that put nil end to tlie wliuli! work; and
n> the king prnclainicd |iai'dun liy a hi^rtild to
Auch ni delivtrcd llicnisi Ivri up to him, iiianv
accepted of the oiler. The sunie inelhod of uii«nu(t
was iiiad«! uxe of tlio next day ; and thoy went
farther, and {;'ot out in baakot.'i to light them, niid
fought them at their doorf, and mnt tire among
thenu and get their ravea on fire, fur tliere wii8 a
great deal uf rnmljustiblc nintler within them.
Now there wu^< one ohi man who whk caught
within one of llicse cnvrs, with xeven cluldrrn
nnd a wil'cj tlic/e pray'eil him to give them leave
to go out, and yield tlieniaciro up to the ineniy ;
but he rtuod at the cavc'a mouth, nnd always slew
that child of his who went out, till he had de-
stroyed them every one; and after that he slew
his wife, and cast their dead bodies down the
precipice, and himself after them; and so under-
went death rntlier than slavery : but before he
did this,, he greatly renfoached Herod -with the
. iiieanness of his 'family, although- he was then
king./^-Hcrod nliio saw what he was doing, nnil ',
itretcnecf put his hand, and otTercd him all ninn-'
ncr of security for his life. Hy which means all
these caves wtrc nt length aubtlued entirely.
6. And when the king had set I'tolvniy over
these parts of the country as his general, he went
to Saniaria, with six hundred horsehien, alid
three thousand armed footmen, ai.intcnding' to
fight Antigottus. Iiut«till this command of the
prtiiy did not succeed well with Ptolemy, but
those that had been troublesome to Guiilcc be-
fore, attacked him, and sleWhim; and when they
had done tl.is, they tied among the lakes and
waste and
come nt in
returned, and
punished them for what they had {lone; for >omc
of these rebels he s\cvi, and others of them, who
had tied to the slrouj^ holds, he besieged, and
both slew them, anil deiiiolishcd their strung
holds: and when be had thus put an cud to their
rebellion, he laid a fine upon the cities of a hnn-
cti'ed talents.
7. In the mean time I'acorus was fiillen in a
battle, and the I'nrthians were defeated. When
Ventidius sent Alacherus to the assistance of lie-
rod, witfi two legions and a thousand horsemen,
while Antony encouraged hint to make haste.
ISut Macherus, at the instigation of Autigonus,
without the aiijirobation of Tierod. as being cor-
rupted by money, went about to take a view of
his all'airs: but Antigonus suspecting this inten-
tion of his coming, did not nuiiiit him into tlic
city, but kept him at a distance, witli throwing
ito'nes at him, aiid plainly showed what he him-
self ni< ant. ]!ut when jVIacheriis Wils sensible
that Herod Iind (jiven him good advire, niul that
he had made a nnstakc himseUJp not hearkening
Vi that advice, he retired to tlJBCity of Kmniaus;
and what Jews he met with hA^ilew them,' whe-
ther the^- were enemies or friends, nut of the rage
he was mat what hardships he had undcrgiHie.
The king H-ns provoked nt this conduct of his,
and wciit to Suiuaria, and resolved to go to An-
tony about these affairs, anu to inform him that
he stood in no need of such helpers, who did him
more mischief tliaiithrv did his enemies, and that
he was able of himself to beat Antigonus; but
Macherus followed him, and dcsircu that he
entreaties. Acronjinijly
with his amiy, but rlin'iv
|iau uoiie ii.is, incy iieu among in<
places almost inaccessible, laying
plundering whatsoever they could
those places. But Herod soon ret
299
he left Joseph there
rd him In run no hs'
xurds, nor to uuurri I with Marhefu*.
n, liut fur his own part he iiiadi' hiiite to An-
tony, (who was then at the riege of Samosata, a
Iilace upon Kiiphrntes,) with his troops, both
lorseau-ii nnd footnien. Id lie auxiliaries tii him
and wheii he came to Anliuch, and imt there a
great numbiir of iiien gotten Idgether, that were
very desiroui to f;o to Antony, biit duist nut ven-
ture to go out of tear, boiiusi'^the barllarlans felt
upon men on the road, nnd slew luanv, >n lie on-
f!oura);cd them, nnd liecaiiie their condiirlor upon
the road. Now when they were within twDilayi
march of Samosata, the liarharians liad laiil an
anihush there to disturb those that came In An-
tony; nnd where the woods made the pasies
narrow, as they led to the |flain<, there the^' lard
not a few of their hnrseiuen, who were to lie still ^
until those passengers were gone by into the
wide place. Now as soon as their lirtt ranks
wtre ^;pue by, (lor llirod brought on the rear,)
those that lay in ambush, who were aluriut five
hundred, fell upon them <iu thes'udden, and when
they Imd put the t'oreiiiost to llight, thir king
came riding hard with the forces that were about
him, and immediately drove bark the enemy; by
which means he made the minds of his own men
courageous, nnd eiiiboldeiied them to go on, inso-
much that those who ran away before, now re-
tyrned iiaek, and t4ie barbarians were slain on all
sides. The king also went on killing theih, and
recovered all thi' baggage; among wliich were a
great nuniberof beasts fur burden, and of slaves^
and proceeded on in his niareh; nnd whereaa
there yfVTc n vcrv great number <if those in the
woods that attaCKed them, and were near the
jmssage that led inM the plain, he made a sally
upon these also with a strong body of men, and
put them to flight, and slew iiiany of Iheni, and
(hereby rendered the way safe lor those that
cafiie after; and these called llerod thejr Savior
and prott'Ctor.
9. And when he was near tpSamosata, Antbnj
sent out his army in all their proper habilinienti,
to meet him, in Onler to pay ilerod this respect,
and because of the assistance he had given him*
for he had heard whajt attacks the liarbariani
had ma<lc upon hi
very gljid to see him tl
in Judea.] He aliowoi
ere, as having In > ii made
would not go to Ant'ony,or, if he was irctolved to
go, that he would join' his brother Joseph with
nim, and let theni figlit ngain^-t Antigonus. So
he was reconciled to Alacherus, ujjon liis earnest
formed upon the riiat
very kindly, and could
rage. Antony also en
saw him, and saluted
acquainted with the great actions he had per-
so he entcrtainid him
not biit admire hi- cou-
braced him as soon as ha
him after a most atfec-
onate iiianner, nnd gal'e4iim.lhe upper hand, aa
liaving himself lately niaile hini a kuig'r^nd in a
little time Antiochus ilelivered up the fortress,
and ou that account |his war was at an end;
then Antony committed tlie. rest to Sosiiis, and
gave him^rdcrs to assist Herod, and went him-
self to Kgypt. Accord|i|igl,v, Sosius sent two le»
gions befoie into Judea' to ihe nsVistancc of He-
rod, and he followed himself willi (he body of
the army. | ■ '
10. Now Joseph was|already slain i|i Judea, in
the manner folluwing: he forgot what charge
his brother Ilerod had given him when he went
to Antony; and ivhen he had 'pitched his Cari^p.
among the mountains, for Mncliiriis had lent him
live re^inientis, with these hertvent hastily to Je-
richo, in ordcrto reap the coni thereto btfunging-.
and as the Koiiian re^iifients w'ere ibut newly
raised, and were altskilirul in war, for they were ;
ill great part collecte(V out of Syria, he Vviis at-
tacked by the enemy, and caught ifi thoac places
of difTicu'lty, and was |hiiusell slain, as he wa«
fighting bravely and the- ivhole army was lost;
tor there were six reginienls slain. So when
Antigonus had got possession of the dead bodies,
he cut otf Joseph's head, although I'heroras his
brother would have rtdcenied it at the price of
-^
■,*k.
800
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
fifty talenli. After which ilcfeat, the (Inlilcatia rc-
voUctl froiii th<Mr coininaivltin, unil luok thoic o{
HllnMri parly, and ilruwned thciii in thr- lake, and
a gVeat part of Judca wai Ueconie aeditioui; hut
Macherut fortified Itw place Gitta [in Samaria.]
11, At this time intuinK^in cume to llcrqd,
and infuriiird him of whiit liad hri^ndonc; and
nhcn he wm conic to Daphne by Autioch, the^
told him of the ill fortune that bad befallen hii
brother; which yet he expected froiii certain
virions that appeared lu liim in his dreanii,
which clearly loroahowed hi* brother'! death.
So he haHlencd his mnrcli; and whep he caliio
to mount Libanut, he received about eight hun-
dred of the men of that place, havin); already
with him also one Roman IrKion, and with theao
he came to Flolcmais. He also marched ihenco
by nrjrht with his army, and proceeded along
Oalilcc. Here it was that the eneniv met him,
and fought him, and were beaten, ami shut up in
the same place of strength whence t)iey bad
•allied out the day before. So he attacked the
place in. the morniug,,but by reason of a great
■torm that was then very violent, he was able
to do nothing, but drew oil' his army into the
neighboring villages; yet as soon as the other
legion that Antony sent him was come to his
asdiatance, those that were in garrison in the
place were afraid, and desertcafh the night-
time. Then did the king march hastily to Je-
richo, intending to avenge himself on the enemy
for the slaughter of bis brother; and when he
had pitched his tents, he wade a feast for the
principal Commanders, and after this collation
was over, and he had (lismissed his j^ucsts, he
retired to his own chamber; and her^ one may
lee what kinilnt^ss God had for the king, jfur the
upper part of the house fell down when nobody
was in it, and so killed pone, insomuch that all
the people believed that Herod was beloved of
God, since he had escaped such a great and sur-
prising danger.
13. But the next day six thousand of the enemy
came down from the topi of tlie mountains to
fight the Romans, which greatly terrified them;
and the aoldiers that we're in light armor came
near, and pelted the king's guards that were
come out with darts and stones, and one of them
hit him on the side with a dart. Antigonua aisp
lent a commander against Samaria, W"0!*e name
was Pappus, with sonic forces, being ilesirous to
show the enemy how potent he was, and< that he
had men to spare in his war with them: he sat
dqwii to oppose Macherus; but Herod, when lip
had taken hve cities, took such as were left in
them, being about two thousand, and slew them,
and burnt the cities themselves, and then re-
turned to go against I'appus, who was encamped
at a village called Isaiias; and there ran in to
him many out of Jericho and Judea, near to
which places he was, and flic cncniy fell upon
his men, so stout were thcv at tiiis time, and
joined battle with them, but nc beat them in the
fight; and in order to be revenged on them for
the slnughter of his brother, he pursued them
■harply, and killed them as they ran away: and
as the houses were full of armed men,* andmauy
of them ran as far as the tops of the houses, he
got them under his power, and pulled down the
roofs of the houses, and saw the lower rooms full
«f soldiers that were caught, and lay all on a
heap: so thry threw stones down upon tlicm as
they lay piled oneupon another, and thereby
killed theiin nor was there a more frightful
tpectacle in all the war than this, where beyond
tne walls an immense n'uUitudc of dead men lay
heaped one upon another. This action it was
which chiefly broke the spirits of tlie enemy.
who expected now what Would come, for there
appeared a mighty number of |>eopl« that came
from plarca far diataiil, that wi.'re now about the
village, but then ran away ; and had it not been
for tiie deuth of winter, which then restrained
them, the liing'a army had presently gon^ to Je-
rusalem, as lie.iiig very ctiurugeous at this good
success, and the whole work had been done im-
piediately, for Antigonus wa^ already looking
about how he. might dy away, and leave the cilt.
13. At this time the king gave order that the
aoldiers should go to aupper, (Or it was late at.
night, while he went into a chamber to use the
bath, for he was very weary: and here it was
that he was in the greatest danger, which yet,
by (iod's providence, he escaped ; for as he was
naked, and had but, one servant that followed
him, to be. with him while he was bathing in an
inner room, certain of the enemy, who were in
their armor, and had lied thither out of fear,
were then in the place; and aa he was bathing,
the first of them came out with his naked sword
drawn, and went out at the doors, and after him
A second and a third, armed in like manner, and
were under such a consternation, that they did
no hdrt to the king, and thought themselves to
have come oflT very well in suAering no harm
themselves, in their getting out of the house.
However, on the next day, he cut ofl° the head of
Pappus, for ho was already slain, and sent it to
Phcroras, as a punishment of what their brother
had sulfered by his means, for he wiU the man
that slew him with hispw.n hand.
14. When the rigor uf winter waa over, Herod
removed his army, andtcnme near to Jcruaiilem,
and pitched hia camp hiird by the city. Now
thia waa the third year aince he had been made ..
king lit Rome; and as he removed liis camp, and
came near that part of the wall where it could
be most easily assaulted] he pitched that camp
before the temple, inteniling to make his attacks
in the same manner as trid Pompey: so he en-
compassed the place with three bulwarks, :Hid
erected towers, and employed a great iiiuny
hands about the work, anil cut down the treea
that were round about the city; and when he
had appointed pro|)er persona to ' oversee the ,
works, even while the arhiyl lay before the city,
he himself Went to Samailia, to complete his
marriage, ond to take to wi^fe the daughter of
Alexander, the son of Aristobulus; for he had
betrothed her already, as I have beforic r^ated.
CHAP. XVII.
How HtrodyWhen he had married Martamne,
took Jerusalem, with the Aasialance nfSosius,
by Force; and how the liapemment nf the
AsmOneans was put an end to\
5 1. After the wedding wa.s \over, came So-
sius through Phoenicia, liaving sent out his army
before him over the midland partsi Henlsoi who
was their commander, cnmc liimsolf with a great
number of horsemen and footmen. The king
also rnine himself from Samaria \and brouglit
with him no small nrmy, besides tliat which was
there before, for tliey were about \thirty thou-
sand; and they all iiiet together at .the walls of
Jerusalem, and encamped at the north wall of
the city, being now an army of elewn legions
armed men on foot, and six thousaiidl horsemen
with other auxiliaries out of Syria. vThc gene-
rals were two, Sosius, sent by An(,oni to assist
Herod, and Herod on his own acCountl in order
to take the government from Antigqnus, who
was declared an enemy to Rome, and\ that he
might himself be king, according to the decree
of the senate.
• It may he wortli onr oliscrvation here, that these spl-
ileraof llerod conlil not have itotlennpon thctopsof
Ihcae houses, which were full ofenemies, in order (o pull
■p the upper floora, and destroy them beneath, but by
ladders from the outside; which illustrates aome texta
in the New Tcstanient, by which it appears that men
used to ascend thither liy ladders on tlic oiitaidea. See
Matt, xxiv. 17 : Mark xiil. 13: Luke v. 19; xTltlSl.
»«<»,■» .
JIOOK XIV.— CHAP. XVI.
301
3> Now tlie Jcwi thkt were cnrlosnl ivitliiii
the wnlli oftlic rity foiight ogiiinsi lliroil ttiili
grcnt iilncritr and mill, (fur lliu tvhole iintioii
w«» gnlhewftotfclhdr;) lH<v aUy gnu' nut iimny
pruiiliiciot ubuiil tliu liiiipli'v iiiiil iiiiiny tliiiiKH
iigrt«ftl)li! lo lli<'peii|ili<, i\a il tiuil woiilil ilrlivtr
thuiit oil! of llie (liiiigern tttt^y ivitk in; they hud
Bill) (tarried oil' whHt wai (int oT thr city, Ihnt
tli«y iiiiglit liol UuVc any thin;,' t» kIIoiiI tuslc-
iiiiiic« I'lthcr fur invn or lor lM'ii.it> ; iiiiil.liy pri-
VHte roliberio, they iimilr ihr wniit of inctHHii-
rien greater. When Hinid iiiiderMMud tliii, lie
op|K)iie(l BiiibuiiheH in the ti(te>t places DKniiitt
tneir/private robbcriea, and Ije leiit Ir|i;ii>n4 ul'
•rmeif men to bring in proviaiona, and that Ironi
remote placcii, BO that in a little time they liiid
freat pleiUy of proviaionn. Now the three bul-
warks were easily^ erected, because so inuiiy
hands were continually ut wi)rk U|Kjn them; fur
it HIM suninier-tinie, anil there wua ituthing to
hinder tjieir works, neither froin the air, nor
from the workmen; so they brought their engines
to bear, and shook the wiilU ol the citv, niiil
tried all manner of ways to get in; yet ilid not
those within discover any feur, but tliey niso
contrived not a lew eiicines to oppose their en-
gines withal. They al«o «^llie(^out, and burnt
not only those engines that were not yet perlict-
ed, but those that were; and when they liiine
hand to hand, their attempts were not less bold
than those of the Koninn!>, tliough they were
behind them in skill. They nUo erected new
works when tlie former were riiiued^ ami, making
mines under ground, they met each other, nnij
fought there; and, making use of brutish courage
rather than of prudent valor, they persisted in
this war to the very last; and this tjieyldid while
a mighty army lay round about them, and while
they were distressed by faiiiiue,ainl the want of
necessaries, for this happened to be a subbatic
year. The first that sc:iled the wall* were
twenty chosen men, the next were Sosins's cin-
turions, for the lirst wall was tiiken in forty
days, and the second in illiiin more, when some
-^.flf the cloisters that were u'ouut III.' temple were
Bl^mt, which Herod gave out to hnve bien buriit
by'<Antigohus, in order to esposi: him to the lia-
trea| of the Jews. And when the outer court of
the temple, and the lower lily, were t.iken, the
JewsVrted into the inner coiirtyf I'le teiuijlc, and
into the upper city; but now, fearing lest the
Romans should hinder them from olleriiig tlietr
daily '>ocrilicc8 to God, tliey sent an emliaisage,
and d^ireU that they would only nerinit them to
bring in beasts for 8acriAces,rivhicli Herod grant-
ed, homing they were guiiig to yield; but wheft
ihe saw that .they did nothing of what he sup-
posed^but bitterly opposed him, in order to pre-
seneihe king;dom to Antigonus, he made aa as-
'lault-' upon the city, and took it by storm; and
ntji* all parts were full of those that were shin
by the rage of the Romans at the lomg duration
of the siege, and by the teal of the Jews that
were on Herod's side, who were not willing to
le»ve one of their adversaries alive, so they
were mij^f red continually in the narrow streets,
♦ Note here, that Josephiia fully amt frequently ns-
lines us that there passed aliove three years lietwren
Herod's flrat obtaining the kingiloni at Komc, and Ills
■econil obtaining it u|ion the taking of Jerusalem, anil
the dcatli of Antigonus. The present-tiistory of tliis
interval twicemcnlions the army's going into winter-
quartera, which perba|is lielongeil lo two several win-
ters, eh. iv Met. 3i4; anil lliu<^Josephus Bays ijuthirtg
bow long they lay in those quarters, yet does he l'ivc
•ueh an account of the long anil studied delays of Ven-
tidius, Silo, and MacheruH, who were lo see Herod set-
tled In his new kingdom (but seem not to Have had siir-
Bcient forces for that piirpnse, and were for rcrtnin all
corrupted by Antiyonnstu iimketlinloiiireaidpbiyspna.
and in the hnusr.s by rrowils, and as they wera
Hyiii|j»to the teiiipte lor shelter, and there was
no pity tiik<*n of i itlier iiiiunls or the ttft'd, :.or
did they spiire so much as the weaker sex; nay,
although the king sent about, and besoiight tlieiil
to spare the people, >et iiobinly reslrniiiid ^heir
hand from slaughlir, liiit, as il they were a conu
pany of madmen, they fell upon persons of all
ages without ilislinction; and iIkh Antigonus,
without regard to either his past or pre>eiit lir-
nimstajices, cuiiir down from the iiiudil, and
fell down at the feet of Sinius, who took no pity
of him in the iliunge of his fortune, but insulted
him beyond measure, ami calleil \\nn Anliffoni,
f i. e. a woman, and not a iiian;] yet did he not
treat him as if he were a winiian,by leltlug hini
go at liberty, but i)Ut him into bonds, and kept
him in close Custixly.
:<. And now Herod having overcome his ene-
mies, his rare was to govern those foreigners
who had been his assistants, for the crowd of
strangers rushed to see the temple, and the sit-
ercd things in the temple; but the king, thinking
a victory to be a more severe alllirtion than ■
defeat, if any of those things which it was not
lawful to see, should Ije seen by tliiin, used eil-
Ircaties and threiitenings, and even iiomeliinei
force itself to restrain them. He nUo pruliibited
the ravage that was made in. the city, and many
times asked Sosius, whether the Komans would
eniply the city both of money and men, and leave
hini king of a desert? ami ttihl him, that he ei-
teemed the dominion over the whole habitabln
earth ns by no means an eipiivnit tit satisfaction
for such a iniirder of his citizens; auil when he
said, that tl»s plunder vvusju»lly lo be permitted
the soldiers for the siege they had undergone, he
replied, that he would give evei^\,oiu- llieir re-
ward out 4>f his own money, and by this mean*
he redeemed what remained of the city from de-
struction; and he performed what he had pro-
mised him. for he gave a noble present to ever^-
soldier, and a proportionable present to their
eoiiiiiiHiiders, but a must royal present to Sosius
himsrlf, till they all wint away full yf'mouey.
•I. This destruction befell the city of Jerusa-
lem* when Marcus Agrippu and (.'aiiiniiis Uallut
Were consuls of Kome.onthe hundred eighty and
fifth Olympiad, ()n the third month, on the solem-
nity of the fast, as if a perioiiicid revolution of
callimities h:id returned, sim:« that which befell
the Jews un<ler I'ompey, tiir the Jews were taken
by him on the same day, and this was after twenty
seven years' time. So when Sosius had deditated
a crown of gold to (lod, he niarchi'd away from
Jernsalenii^ and carried Antigonus with him in
boiuls to Antony; but Herod was afraiil lest An-
tigonus should be kept in prison [only] by Anto-
ny, and that tvhen he was carrieil to Home by
him, he might get his cause to be heard by the
senate, nnd might dcmunstrate, as he was him-
self of the royal blood, and Herod but a private
man, that therefore it belonged to his sons how-
ever to have the kingdom, on account of the fa-
inily they w'ere of, in case he had himself ollend
ed the Romans by what he had done. Out of
lag In josephua is fully aiijiplied by Moses 1,'liorcncnsis,
the Ariiieniaa hislnrian, in his history of i he s,inie in -
tcrval, b. li. rb, xvtii. where he dirertly: nsjiiireH us, that
Tigrnnes, then king of Armenia, and the principal ma-
iiager of this I'arthian war, reigned livo years alter
llcroil was made kinu at Koine: and yei Antony did
not hear nl' his death, in that very ncJgliliorliuiMl, at M-.
niosala.till lie was roni«lbiiiierlubesk't.M'ii; after whicti
lleroil iironght Idni aii army, whirh was 34U inilea
march, and Ihrongh ndjmrult ruuntry.t'ull of enemies
also, anil Joined with liiitilii the sic^o or.Sainosata, till
that rity was i.-iken ; then Herod and Husius inarch
hark with their birge amilcs tlie s^nio number of 340
a j i lt l u lii i io tbey^at down to h e- —
■ • "^._,
4
nllfs , and when i n
* ■, i , < ,i» J ,, «,, — I I J >',, tl ,1 1,, ,. ,.iw j ■< , , l i uwil l U — I B )
siege Jerusalem, they ware not able to lake1t,;liiit by s
siegeof live months. An%'hicirtvit together ftilly sup.
plies wliatis wanting in Jw^iphiii, and secures the ca
tire cbionulogy of these times lN.-y«>nd coutradictioa
ilble,) and gives us such particular accounts of llie many
K eat acll6na of Herod during thnsanie interval, as fair-
. Imply that interval, licforc Herod went lo e^ainosata,
to have been very ceusidctaUei However, what is want-
■ ■ I- . '
r
303
ANTIQUITIES OF THQ JEWS.
" /
/
, Herod't fear of lhi( it wai, that he, by giving
Antony a pr'^at (t«al o( liiunajr, enileavuriiil to
pertuaue liiiii to liavo Aiitiironiii aluin, which if
It were onc« iloiie, b« •huuiil be frv« from thut ,
fear. And thua did the Kovcrnineiit of the A»-^
moneani cvaie, a huiidrvd twenty iind lix yean
after it Wat Ant let up. Thii family wai a iplen-
dld and an illuitriaui one, both on account of the
nobility of Chair itock, and of the dignity of the
hiifh prii|iithood, ni alto for the glorioui action*
their aiiCeilora hiid perfunned lor our nation,
but lhi'i«invn h»t the goveruineiit l>y Ibeirdi*-
•I'lisiont Que with aiiolber, and it unnie t^ tieroc)
the Hiu o( Antipiiter, who waa of no more thuQ a
f ul)(ar family, and of no eminent eilruetioh, but
one that lirn^ iiibiect to other kitin: awl thii i>
what biitbry lelU ut wai the euiT iif tb* AimO'
uean falnil;
BOOK XV.I
CONTAINING THE INTERVAL OF EIGHTEEN VEARa.-FBOM THE DEATH OP AnViOONUS
TO mia FiNieiiiNO of the temple dv hbrod.
CHAl'. I.
fionctminr PoUio and Sameai. Herod $layi Ihe
'•. principal ofjtnligonui'ifrienditandtpotU ihe
GUyofilityealth. Anlmty bekendt Anligonus.
{1. How Soaiua and Herod took Jcrutalein
by force; and, beaidea that, how they took Anti-
f'onui captive, haa been related by ui in the
orcgping book. Wc will now proree.d iii the
narration, And aince Herod had now the go-
Ttrnmcnt of ajl Judea put into hia handa, he pro-
moted iuch of the private men in Ihe city aa bad
been of hia party, but never left off avenging
and punishing «very dny thoae that had choaen
to be of the party of bis cnemiea: but I'ollio,
the Phariaee, and tjomeoa, a dtaciple of hia, were
honored by him above all the real; for when Je-
ruaaleni waa beaieged, they adviaed the citizeua
to receive Herod, for which advice they were
Well requited; but thia I'p'lio, at the time when
Herod waa once upon hia trial of life and death,
fbretold, in way of reproach, Hyrcanua and the
other judges, how this Herod, whom they suf-
fered now to escape, would afterward iiidiat pu-
nilhmeut o|i them all; which had ita CDiupletion
. in time, while Uod fulfilled the worda he, had
apoken.
St. At thia tim« Herod, now he had got Jerusa-
lem under hia power, carried off all the royol or-
naments, and Spoiled the wealthy men of what
thev had gotten ; and when by^tncse means ho
had heaped together a great quantity of silver
and ^oia." he gave it all to Antony , and hia friends
that were about him. He also slew forty-five of
the principal men of Antigonua'a party, and set
guards at the gates of the city, that nothing
might be carried out together with 4'*^'^ ''$"'*
bodies. They alao searched the dead, ond what-
ifoever was found, either of silver or gold, or
Other trea8)ire, it waa carried to the kiiig; nor
iraa there any end of the miseries he brought
ttpoq them, and this diatrrss was in part occasion-
ed by the covetousncjs of tlic prince regent, who
was still in want ai^morc, wid in part b^ the
sabbatic year, which was still goine on. and iorccd
the country to lie still uncultivated, ;ince wc are
forbiddei* to sow the lami in that year. Now
when Antony had received Antigonus .as hia
captive, he determined to keen him against his
triumph; but when hie heard that the nation
erew seditious, and that out of their hatred to
Herod, they continued to bear good-will to Anti-
gonus, he resolved to behead linn ot Antioch, for
otherwise the Jews could noway be brt^tmi to
be quiet. And Strabo of Capuadocia attests to
what 1 have saidt when he thus speaks: f An-
tony or4ered Antigflmis tlie Jew to be brouWht
to Antioch, and there to be beheaded: and t'Jiis
Antony seem* to me to have been the very first
man who beheaded a king,ns supposing he could
— ao Other way bend the iiiindi of the Jewi, lu as
,, •The city here called Batjr/oiihyJosephu»ieemsl<»\
Be one whlcliTwas built hv some of the Seleuridn upon'
the TiKria, which, lonijaftqif the i»<tcr desolation of old
- Baiylob, was i:olnmonIy sQcolled : and, I luppoie, not
to receive |lerod, whom he had' made king in
his stead, fof by no torinenia could they be forced
to call him kjing, so greot a fondness tlifv had for
their (brmcrlking; so he thought that tnia disho-
norable dca^h would diminish the valuf they
hod for Anl|gonns'« memory, and at Ihe aame
time would diminish the hatred they bate to He-
rod." Thua far Strabo. . ■
■ ' \ ■'chap. ii. ■" " 1 • ■■■ ' "'
How Hyrcankt Vianet at Liberty hy the Par-
thiani,and ^returned to Herod; an(in|ka(.4kx-
andra dUl uriitmke heard that Anah^lui via$
made High Prieit,
} 1. Now after Herod was in poaaeaaion' of the
kingdom, Hyrrianua th« high priest, who was'
then a captive limong the Fnrthiaiis, raiiie to him
again, and waa ^t free from his captivity in the
manner followiag: Hnnapliarnca and I'aeorua
the generala of I the Partliians, took Hyrcnnus,
who was first niade hiffli priest and nllerward
king, and Hero<rs brother I'hasaelus, cn|)tivci,
aft(i were carrying them away into I'ai thia. Pha-
aailus indeed coild not bear the reproach of.
being in bonds, and thinking that 'death with
glory was belter tlian any life whatsoever, he be
cnmc hia owh exipcutioner, as 1 have formerly
reliitedt
2. Hut when Hjl|rcanus was brought into Par
thia, the king Phriates treated him after 'a very
gentle manner, asi Imving already learned of
what an illustrious family he was; on which ac«
count he set him fiee (rom hia bonds, and gave'
him a ha1)ilation atl^llabyion,* where there were
Jewa in great nuinWrs. These Jews honored
Hyrcanus as their high priest and king; aa did
all the Jewish, natioh that dwelt as fur as Eu-
phrates ; wliich resp<(ct was very much • to his
satisfaction. But whtn he was informed that
Herod had received 'the kingdom, new hopes
came upon him, ai hating been himself still of a
kind disppailipn townrqs him, and expecting that
Herod wouUI bear in mind what favor he had
rieceivcd tVoiu^him, and when he was upon bis
trial,' Mid iTfien he was in danpr that n>copita'.
sentence would be proi^ouncea against bdu. he
delivered him from thi^t danger, and froiiKoll
punishment. Accordingly he talked of that mat-
ter with the Jewa that came often to htin WitK
gr^at affection; but thej^ endeavored to retain
him among them, and desipd that he would stay
with him, putting him in mind of the kind ofliccs
and honors thev did hiii\, and that those ho-
nors they paid hiin were hot at all inferior to
what thev could pay to either their high priests
or their kings: and what vi\as a greater motiv*.^
to determine him, they said, was this, that he
could not have those digiiitie4[in Judea] because
of that maim in his body, which had been in^^
!-,.T.-..
Dieted on him by An t igonus ;, and that king s do
farfroin Seleueia: Just as tbe Into^ adjoining city Bal!^ .
datMiaiiHcen,4ina*n often tailed by\tbe same old nam*
jif Babylon till this very day.
BOOK XV— CHAP. II.
308
bt UN to KquitR men hr thoie kiiiilnetMi
which ther received when Ihey were private
pcnuni, the h<'i|;ht of fortune mnliiii^ u/uiilly
no iiiiiill chnnirei in Iheiii.
3. Wow iilUioui[h Ihcy iUKgculril iheM nrgu-
mc nit III him lor lii> own adVunliiifr, vit (||t| ||yr-
caniii ilill tieairo to di'iiiirl. llirml ilao wrule
Uy hint, mid pertuaded hini tu deaire of rhmalri,
and the Jewt that were Ibens Mint they tliould
not rrudge him the rojal authority, which he
tbould have jointly with himitlf, for that now
WB» the jiropcr lime for hiimelf to ninke him
unenda Tor the fiivora he had received from
him, aa having been liruu([hl up by hi'm, and aaved
by hint alao, a« well m lor liymanua to ri'ciive
it. And at he wrote thua to liyrcanua, ao ilid lie
■end alao Snrufnallua, hia ainliaaaadur, to IMiraa-
tea, and many preacntf wilh him, and deaired
hini iir the iiiuat obliging' wny that lie. would be
"" no bindcrance to hia gratitude townrda hia bene*
factor. Uut ihia ita| of ilerod did itot How
from that principlf, but brrauM he bud been
made governor of tbnt country, without linviug
any juat claim to il, he waa afraid, and tlint upon
reaaona good cnpugb, of n cbiinK^ "' hia con-
dition, and ao uinde what lio|te hi' rould to );,.(
Hyrcunua into hia power, or tiideed to imt him
quite out of the way: which laat thiii^ lie com.
pataed afterward. °
4. Accordingly, when liyrcanua came, full of
aiauraiice, liy the permiaaion of the king of I'ur-
thia, and ut tlio expenac of the Jew*, who aup-
plied him with luoiiey, Herod received him wlih
all poasible rcapect, niid gave him the upper
place at public uicctings, and set him aijove nil
the rest at featta, and thereby deceived him. He
called him hia father; and endenvorecrby ull
the wina poasible, tlint he might have no suaoi-
cion of nuy treacheroua <lc»ign agninal him. He
>alao did other things, in oritcr lo aecurc hia go-
Ternmcnt, which yet occasioned n sedition in hi»
own fumily; for being cnulious'how he iimie
any illuslrioua person the high pricxi of (.io<l,» lie
•ent for an obscure priest out o( Dob) Ion, wliusc
oamcwnsAnaiielus,undbestowcd the high prieal-
bood upon him.
5. However, Alcxnndra, the daughter of Hyr-
caous, and wife of Alexander, the aon of Aria-
tobnluathe king, who had also brought Alexnn-
•^er [two] children, could not hear tins iiidijjnilv.
Now this son was one of the greateat conielines's
and waa Colled Aristobulua; and the dauglrttr,
Mariamne, waa married to Herod, and eiiiiiieiit for
her beauty also. This Alexandra wi« iliuch <lis-
turbed, and took this indignity olTered.4o her son
ciceediu"; ill, that while he was olive, any one
elie ahould be aciit for to have the ilignily of the
high priesthood conferred upon him. Acojfd-
ioglv ehe wrote to Cleopatra i'a musician assist-
ing ner in taking care to have her letters curried)
to desire her intercession with Antony, in order
to |;nin the high priesthood for her sou.
b. Hut as Antoiiv waa slow in granting this re-
quest, his friend Uelltusf came into Juile;i upon
some alfairs, and when he saw Aristobulus, he
ttoud in admiration ut the tallness and handsonic-
n^ts of the child, and no less at Mariamne, the
king's wiftv and was open in bis comniendalinns
of Alexandra, as the niothvr of most beautiful
children: and when she came to diacourse with
hiiu, he persuaded her to^et pictures drawn of
<heni liotn, and send them to Antony, for that
when he saw tbem, he woubl <leny lier nothing
that she ihould ask. Acconlingly Alexanidra waa
* Here we have an eminent exaroplb of llerod'i world-
ly and profane politirs ; when, liy the ahiiM) of his un-
lawful and nsuriied power, to make whom he pleaaed
Ugh priest, in the lierson of Ananelns, he ocrasioncd
•legated wilh tlieae wnnli of hit, and icat th«
picturet to Autony. I)i llina alao talked extrava-
gantly, and iaid that "Theae children leemml
not derived from men, but from tome gcKl or
other." Hia deiign in doing ao wnt to cntica
Antony Into lewd pleaaurea with them, who wat
■ahaiiietl to tend for the damtel, as being tb*
wile of Herod, and avoided it, herauae vf the r«-
proachrt he ahould have from t'leiipalrii on Inat
account, but he tent, in the iiinst decent manner
he could^ for the young nion; Imt added Ihii
withal, " llnleit he thought it hani upon him ao
'" ■'" " When thit letter waa brought to Herod,
lo do,'
ncli disliirlinni-cs In Ills kingdom, nnil in nis own I'nmi-
Ijr, ns snfTrred him to enjoy no lastine (icarc or iraii-
JjUillity ever afterward : and such is fmiuently the ef-
ettof profane rniixt (wlilira atmiit matlera^f religion in
Other ages and nations. 'J'he Old Testament rs full of
' the ntlaerlct the people of the Jewt darivcd from inch
; ■ ■,■■■ 4P-. ■ - *■;
he did not think it safe for bin) to aend one ao
handaomo at wat Ariatobulua, in the prime of
hia life, for he w«t aiitren yean of age, and of
ao noble a family, and particularly iHotlo Antony,
the prinriiial man amour the Koninnii, (ml one
thai would abuae him in hia nmnnra, and heaidea,
one that openly indulged himaelf in auch plea-
aurea, at hit [Miwer allowed him, without control.
He therefore wrote back lo hiin, that " if thit
boy thould only go out of the country, all would
be in a tiate pi wair and uproar, herauae the J ewi
were in hopet of a change in tlie govermiient,
and to have another king over Ihciii. "
7. When Herod bud thua excused himself to
Antony, he reaolved that he would not entirely
Kirmil the child of Alexandra lo be treated dit-
onornbly; but hit wife Mariamne lay vehe-
mently at him to rt^store the high prietthood lo
her brother, and he judged it waa liir hit advan-
tage ao lo do, be(:nuae, if heoiice had that dignity,
he could hut iro out of the country, i^o he called
all hia frienda tugethcr, and tiild them, tbot
"Alexandra privatelyconapind againtt hit royal
aiilhoriiy, and endeavored, by the meant of
Rli-ojiatrn. so to bring it about, that he might be
deprived of the government, and that by An-
tony'a nieatia this youth might have the manage-
nienfof public albiirs in his stead; and that thit
prnce<lure of hers was unjust, sine* the would at
the same lime deprive her daughter of the dignity
she now hnd, ami woUld bring distiirbuiicet upon
the kingdom, for which he hnd taken a great
deal ol i.iaint, and hnd gotten it with extra- '
ordinary hniards; that yet while he well re-
ineiiibereil her wicked practirin, he would not
leave off doing what wat right himself, but
would even now give the youth the high priett-
hood-: and that lie formerly act up Anaiielui, be-
cause Aristubulut wat then to very young a
child." Now whi:n he had taid thit, not at rnn-
doin. but at he thought with the best 'discretion
he had, in order to deceive thtfwomen, and thoto
friends whom ha. had taken to <;onault withal,
Alexandra, out of the great joy she had at thil
unexpected proniiae, and out of fear from the
Siitpiciuns the lay under, fell n Weeping, and
made the following .apology for herself; and taid,
that "as to the [high] priesthood, the was very
much concerned fur 'the disgrace ii«'r/ibn was'
niider, and so did her utmost endeavors to pro-
cure it for him, but that at to the kingdom, the
had made no attenipls, and that if it were oflered
her [for her ton^] the would not accept it; and
that now the would be satisfied wilh her ton'i
dignity, while he himself held the civil govern-
ment, and she had thereby the security that
arose, from bis (leculiar ability in gnverning, Ij
all the remainder of her I'aiuily; that the was
now uverconie by his benifits, and tbankfulljr
accepted of This honor showed bvhiin lo her ton,
and thkt the would hereafter be entirely «ba>
polilira, etperially In and after the days of Jeroboam
the son of Nehal, tekfi tAadt Israel lo ii'« ; Who (nve tba
moat perniciotit example of it; who brotuht on tho
Broll«»«l rnrriipllniinfr,.ii(fJnn hy H; lln.l thm pn«l.h.
nient of whoae family for it wat niotl remarkabia.
The rase la too well known to aland in need of partle»-
larritaliont.
t Of this wicked Dellioi, aee tk* note on tba War, Ik
1. ch z*. wet. 3.
^:K
"A
804
ANtlQlJITIRa OF* THE JEWH.
1-V-.
(lienii Mid ill* (Iciircd hlni to kiciiiic hrr, ll' th*
nobllitj of h«r fmiiiljr aud lliiil I'rpvddiii ul aclinK
which ike (liuii^hl that ulluwrcl hrr, hul timlti
bar act (uo prcci|illutrlji iiid iinprdilvnlly iii lliii
ni«U«r." BO wtit'il lliay had iiiukon tliun lo onu
anuthrr, (hajr raiiia to an agrrciiiviil, and nil
aaipiciona, lu far ai apiiuikrvd, war* Taniahcd'
away.
CIIAK III.
Now Hirod, upon Ki« makinr Jlri$lobului High
Vritil, look can that A< ihoulJ bt mnrJtrtii in
a tillU 'JHmt: and uhat afology hi madt to
Aniohy about Jlriilobuliu: a$ alto concirning
Joitfh and Jilariamni-
{ 1. So klnff Ilirod immndiatdy look th«
liiKh privilhwHi awny I'roiii Aniiiirliin, tvhu, h« iv«
laid bafore, vvti.i nut of (hi* country, butonelif
ihoKV Jcwi lliat liad been curried captive l>ryond
Kuphmiei; Cor tlicre were nut ■ few ten il)i)u-
aanda of tbia ueuulc that bad been carried cap-
tlyea, and dwell uliout llabyliiniu, whence Anune-
lut came. He waa one of the ttock of the high
prielti,* and had been of old a particular friend of
Herod; and when he ivhi fir>t made king, he
conferred that dignity upon bini, and now put
him out of it nguin, in order to quiet the Irnublo
in hia family ; though what he ilid wai plainly
unlawful, lor at no other time [of old] was uny
one that hndionce Ix'cn in that dignity dirprivcd
of it. It was Antiochui Kpiplianeit who lirst
brake that law, and deprived Jeaii*. and niailu
hii brother Oniaa high priest in Idi iteaO. Arii>
tobulut wns the ucund that did no, and took tliiit
dignilv from hia brother [liyrcanUa:] nnd this
Heroit wna the third, who took that high oflire
•way [from Ananelun,^ and gate it to thia young
man, Arialobulus, in hia atead.
3. And now lli'rod aeenied to have linoled the
diviaiona in hia faniiW; yet wa* he not withr
out luapicion, ai i< Irei^uently the cMe, of peo-
ple aeeming to be rcconcded ttyone another, but
thought that, at Alexandra had already made at-
tempta tending to ifinovationa, aodid he fear that
the would go on therein, if ahe found a lit oppor-
tohity for ao doing ( no he gave a comumiid, tliat
(he anould dwell in the )udace, aud meddle with
no public aflitira: her ffuurda also were to care-
ful, that liothing the did in private life every day
wai concealed. All thrne hardalups put her out
of patience, by little and little, and she lingao to
hate Herod: for as she hnd the pride of awomnA
to the utinott degree, the had great indignation
at thii laspicioua guard that wnt about her, at
detirout rather to uiidcrgo any thing that could
befall her, IhfO to be depiiived of licr liberty of
ipeech, and, under the notion of an honoriiry
guard, to live in a tttiitc ^f tlovery and terror,
she therefore acnt to ('leopatm, and iii^dea long
complaint of the circum.^Hiices she was in, and
entreated her to do her utinott for her assistance.
Cleopatra hereupon nilvisiil her to take her son
with her, and come awav immediately toiler into
E|!ypt. This advice pleased her; and the had
thia contrivance foiKgelting away: the got .two
coBins'mBde, at if tTiey"«rere to carry away two
dead bodies, and put . herself into' ode, and her
ton into the other, and, gave orders to such of
her servants at knew of tier intentions, to cnrrv
them away in the Dight-time. JVow their road
waa to bo thenco to the seaside, and there wai
*When Joaephnl tayt here, that thia Ananelut, the
new high priett, was tf (*< liock eftht kigk priettt,
and lincehe had been just telling uilhat he wasaprlest
•fan «tjcun family or charaeter,.<hap. ii.'keet. 4, It la
■M at all probaMe that he could ao toon aay that he
' the ttttk of ikt high ffiuti. However, Jose
pnufiwre lUkkM t, remarkable ohaervation, ihaithii
Anantlua wat'the tktrd that waa ever unjustly iind '
wickedly turned out of the taifh prioMliood by the civil i
power; no kirit or governor having-venluried todbio i
that Jotcplius knew of, hut thkt heallien tyrant and I
persecutor Antioehut Eiiiptianet; that harharoua pstt- '
rkide AriMAbttlut, the flnl that t«ok royal authority
a ship ready 10 carry them into Egypt. Now
.fUup, one of her servunti, hHiipriird U) full upon
Suliion, line of h< r friends, aiiii t|mke of this mat-
lir lit him, a-i tliliikiiii( he had knuwrnilithrfxre.
VVlien Sabiutt knew this, (who hud furiiierly lirro
An eni'iiiy of llernd, nml been e<treiiM'<l one of
those tliiil laid iiiiiri * for, anil gave the pultun to
[hit fallier]4Antipnler,) he expected that llii«ilis-
covery would rhuiiee llrrnd's hatred into khid-
nets, to he told the kin;; of this private slrulu;;rui
of Alexandra; whi'ren|Hin he tulTered hei lo pro-
ceed lo the exei'iilioii of her project, and ciiuirht
her ill the very fact, liiit still he pushed liy her
olTenre: und though he had a great mind In do
it, he durst not inlliil.iiny tiling Ihnt was srver*
upon her, for he kn< w llint CjcopatFa would not
bear tliiit he shiiuld htive her urcuted, nnrfrroiinl
of her hntrrd to liini, but made a/liow n> if it
were rather the generusily of hit toiil, and hit
freat moderation, that made him forgive tliiiii.
lowever, he fully pi »|M>i>ed tohininfU'loput this
young iniui out ol thi' way, by one lUiviiit or
other; but he thought he mi)'lu in prolinliilily be
tieltir' conrenti'd in iluiiig it, if hi- did it iiiil ptr-
sently, nor iiniiiediately after tvhi.it had lately
happened.
:). And now, upon the npproacli of the friist of
taherniu'h H, wlilrli \'>4\ f< ^livnl viry niitih ob-
Herved aiiioii'.; m, hi' lit llioje days \Mr* (i\rr, and
butli lie anit till' ri'"t III the peoide iViie tin r< in
very iiiern ; yet did the envy wlifi'li iil tliiitiiiie
nrjiae in hiiii,raii<e liiiii to make iM-itu ludoivhal
he was oluiiit, Mild prOVoke him to do it: fur
when tliis vuulh .Vrivtoliiilus, who tviis iiuw in the
aevriiteentli yi'ur of his age, ivi nl ii|t to the
nllar, ncrurdiiig to the liiw, to oflVr tiie xai'iifiOTs,
and this with tlie ornaments of his hi|!;h priest-
hood, and wtieii he performed theiiarri;d olii(-i-'S,f
he iieeiiii'd lo he evcreding comily, and taller
than men usually wire nt that hj;<', luid to ex-
hibit in his couiit'inaiire a great tteal ol' lhathi|;li
family lie ivas <i|iruii"; Ithiii, niid a ivnini ziul iiiid
alfection towards hiiii up|H'Hred niiiong the peo-
ple, and the iiiiuiory of the actions of hiH (;i'und-
lather AristnbuluK was frenh in their niimln; and
their alVectioi'.s got so iar the mastery of them,
that they could not forbear lo show their inclina-
tions to him. They at nnce rejoiced, and were
Coiifnuiided, artit iiiinglcd with good wishes their
joyful acclaniatiohs. which they iiinde to him, till
the good-will of thcinultitiidc was made too evi-
dent, and they mote rashly proclaimed the hap-
piness they had received from his laniily, than
was fit Uiidtr a nionanliy to have done. Uiion
all this, Herod resolved to complete what he lind
intended against the young man. When there-
fore tlic fesitivul was over, and he was feasting
lit Jerieho) with Alexandra, who entertained
him there, he Was then very pleasjnt with the
yoi^ng man, and drew him into r lotl«4^' place:
ond at the same lime played with him in a juve-
iii^- und 'luilicrous manner. ISow the nature of
that phce was hotter than ortlinary; to they
went ovt in a body and of n sudden, and inaveii*
of madness; and as they stood by the lish-iionds,
of which there were large ones about the nouse,
they. went to cool themselves [by batliingj be-
cause- it was in the midst of a Iiul day. At first
they were only spcflators of Ht rod's servants
and acquaintance as they were swimming, but
after a while, the young iiian, at the iiiitigalioti'
omonv the Marcabeei ; and •thii tyrant kini; Herod
llie Ureal; although afterward that' infamoiiii prac-
tice became frequent, till the very destruction of Jo-
rutalem, when the oliice of high pricstlmod wat at <n
.end.
t Thia entirely confutea the Talmudittt, wlw pre-
tend tliat no one under (w<a(y yeara of age could am-
eiatc at high priest among the iewa. ^
(A llekrow chronicle, cited by Ucland, soyt, tbif
drowning waa atViirdaa, not at J<rie/I<i, aud thisevea
when he qnotet Jatep1iii{). I tuipect the transcriber of
the Hebrew chroniclt' mittook .Jiu name, and wi«W
Jardaatot JtriekQ. " -
BOOK XV.—CHAr. III.
80b
WM cvrr rmlriTorini tn m*li* Aninnjr hit*
him. ill' llirrrfiirc ilid riiiiiHil lit iilify hii lUui-
■iioiii, dir hf Imil nii (mimiIiIi' way to n«itlil it: M
h* lilt liii uiicli', JiiW'|ili, |iriiriirntiir lur hit go-
rrrniiinil, anil dtr llii< |iiililir nllbin, itiiil g*n
him ■ privalr rharRv, (hul U Anluii^ nhiiiilil kill
him, hn aUii •limilil jijll Miiri«iiiiia iiuiiiciliiiUljri
Tur Ihal h« hnil » Imilir aAxtiim Uir lliii hi*
Mrifi', tnil wa> ulVaiil »( thfi rujiir) (lint >hiiiil<l t)«
iiliiTril hull, if, allrr hit ilmtli, •lii', lor liiT limil-
il, tliuulil liii I'liKaKitl 111 iiinic iillirr iiiani liul
hil intiiiuitii>ii wan iiiilhiiiE Inil iliit al iha hot-
luiii, (hilt Anioiijr hiiil faTli'ii in lnvn with licr
when lir hail fiirinrrly hraril •liiniwliat of hrr
l)«aiiljr; no hIiiii IIit'iiI hiiil f^ivi'll JiiM'pli (lilt
chKrKr, anil hail imlriiil no auro liii|ic» i>f fKik-
\tint; with Ilia lilr, hr wrnt nwajr (ii Aiiltinjr.
(!. Hut »» Jiiaijih w*« nilniinialt rinK (ha piiblii^
alTiiir* nl (ho l(in)(iloni, uml I'nr limt rcaaon wai
vi'T}- l'r<'i|iM'n(ly with Mariuiniii-, liii(h hvcauav hii)
liiiainiiai rii|uirc(l It, niiil licrauMi of (h« rraprctt
hr uiiirht itt piiy (o (h« ((nrrn, In! Irrqui'mly let
hiniaiir inl<> (limuurari aliu'it llvrud'a kintlncMt
anil grrat alVortion (iiwunti her; ami whrn (ho
Hunii'ii, c<|ic('iully Alrxiiiiilni, ii't-il In (urn hil
(liai:4iiirai'« into ffininini' riillli ii . .Invriili wni Do
Dvcr licaii-oua lii ilrniointriili' (hi- kiii|>'a incliua-
tiiiiH, Unit he iiriK'eMlril ail Inr II!. Ill iiii'Htiun the
ed /^vnrlf, iii lio|)«a ahu ini}ihl livp lun^ I'liiiiifrh | chnri^c he hail rruciveil, ami lluiiri' ilrev; hia ilc-
tiy revenge the unjuat niMnlu- tliua privitl^ly i inoiiatrillion, that Hiniil was n'll uhli! lo livr
^mniilK'il; niiy, ali'ti liirdnr riMilvi'd In rniliH' | nithniU liir: ami that if In' ahniilil ciniii' to any
or to llvK lunger, and (o givo no urra^iiin to i ill riid, he rnuhl not rnilur« a !ii,'|iur»(iuii rriiin
think <ihe' auapcctril that hiT ton waa aliiiii on hi'r, even ultcr he was dtuiil. 'I'Iiik apake Ju-
' ' ' ' ai'iili. liut tho wuiiitn, n* wiia naliiral, did not
lAKi' tilts lo he an inalanri' of llrroil's atrongaf'
ri'ltrain hi railf, that I Icclion I'ur Iheiii, but of lil« sivrre niingr of tlirni,
that Ihiy rouUI not eiinpe ilr>triii'liiin, nor >
lyrnnnical diuth, even tvlien lie ivaa di'ail hiin>
arlf: and tliir aaying [of J^iarph] was n funn'la-
tion for the wouica'a aeverr auipn luua about hiiu
alli'mnnl.
T. Al thia linii< ■ report wrnl about tlic rity nf
Jtriisalfin, among ilcrud'a rniniii's, that Aii'lony
had tortured lli'rod,anil put liiiii lo dfutli.' I'liis
rrfHirt, a» is natural, distiirhiil those that wen;
•bout tlie patiii'e, but chitlly tlie womtni upon
which Alevandrii eiideaviri'd to perauadi* Joavnh
tugooul oftliepnlBrt',anil lly to (li<- eiisignaof the
l<oman IrDJon, which till n liiyOiKampid about Ihc
nifii'cnl, by niakiii;? gri'at pr«-)iarH- [ city as a jtliard to the kiiigilnni, umler the coni-
luh'hre lo lay Ins ImiTy in, nnd pro- iiiund o( Julius; fur that, by this mians, if any
dislUriinnce should happen about the palai',e, they
nhoiilil be ill irreater sei:urilv, us tl.aving the l(o-
of Htrod, wtat Into Ih* water anioiiK ihriii,
while aueii of liaroil'i ariiuaintnnre, as he had
■ppoinU'd lo do it, dip|M'cl him, aa he was awim.
minir, and )i(ungeii him under wairr, in the dark
of the r\ri^ng, at if it hnil b<en done In a|Mirl
only, nor did thry desist till he wna entlrrlv auf-
focatrd; ami ihua waa Aristubalua inurilend,
having lived no mora in all than rlghleaii ycara,*
•nil kriit the high prieslhond one yfar only:
which nl};h priesthood Ananilus now recovered
■gain.
4. When Ihia aad accident ivaa told the wo-
^roen, their Joy waa soon eliiiii|;ed to liimrnlalion,
•I the sight of the dead boil^ that lay before
Ihem, •ml their aorrow was iniinoilrTiile. The
city also [of Jernial J u|iOn the spreading of
this news, waa in very great grief, every faiiiily
looking on thia calamity as if it had not luhinged
to another, but that one of tliemstlvet was slain,
hut Alenaudra was morti deeply all'ected, upon
her knowle^lge that he had been destroyed [on
ptirpute. I ITer sorrow waa 'greater than that of
otheri, by her knowing bow the murder was
eoimuitled, but she was under a necessity of
bearing up under it, out nf Iter pros|)ect of a
greater mischief that lin)(hl olherwiae follow;
•nd^ie oftenliiifra came to an iinliitation to kill
berM'Ifwith her own hand, Inil kIIII she - "
purpoi
be tn
portunity
and supposed that she might thereby
a capacity of revenging it al n proper op
Tbua did ahe
■he might not be noted for entertaining any such
■ttspicion. llotvever, tleroil endenvoced that
none abromi should belieM' tiiat IIm' cliild's ili nlh
was caused by any design of his; and for Ihia
purpose he did not only use the ordinary signs
of sorrow, but fell into tears vlso, and exhibileil
■ real confusion of aoul ; and perhaps his all'ec-
ttona were overconu' on this uccasjoii, when he
•aiy the t;hild'a countenance so young, and a»
beautiful, although his death tvas aUiiposed to
tend to hia own security ; so fur, at least, this
gtief serveil as 1*^ make some apology fur him:
•nd as for his funeral, that he took eare should
be very mag
lion for a scpu
Tiding a great i|iiantilv of spices, 'and buryiug
mkny ornaments together » iih him, till the very
women, who were in such deep sorrow, ivcre as-
tonished at it, and received in this way some
consolation. ,
5. However, ho such thinjra could overcome
Altjamlra'a grief, but the ie,iiiembrnitce of this
miserable case made her sorrow both' deep mul
obstinate. Accordingly, she wrote an account
of this trencberoiis scene to ('leopatra, ami hoiv
her son was fliurdered ; but Cleopatra, ait she
liad formerly been deairous to give herwhiit ai»-
tisfiictiuu she could, and cniiim!ser»liiig Alexan-
dra's misfortunes, made the case her own, and
would not let Antony betpiiet, but excited him
to punish the child's murder, for that it was an
unworthy Ihiitg lliat llirod, who had been by
liini iii'ide king of a kingdom that noway belong-
ed to him, should he gnilly of such horrid crimes
against those that were of the royal blood in
reality. Antony was persundtd by tliesc argu-
ment"; nnd when lie came lo i.aodicea, he sent
and rommnnded Herod to conie and make his
defenre, ns to what he had done, to Aristobulus,
for that such a treacherous design was not well
dpncY if he had nnv hand in it. Ilerod was now
in fi sir, both of tlie accusHtiii». .nid of Cleopa-
11 greater se<:uritv,
ttians favorable lo them; and lhat.hcst"les, Ibey
hotted to obtain the highest authority, if Antony
dill but once sec MariiiHthe, by whose nu-nna they
should recover the kingdom, uiid want tiothing
which was reasonable lor theui to hope fur, be-
CBitae of their royal eitraction.
8. Bitt as they were in the miiUt of these de.
liberations, letters were brou;rlit from ilerod
ubout all his allairst and proved contrary to the
report, and of what th^y befoi^r expected; for
when he was conic to- Antony, h<t »oon recovered
his interest with him, by the presents he iiiade
him, which hi' had brouglit willt hint fruin Jeru-
salem, and he sooninduced him, upon disco'jrsiag
with hint, to leave o|I' his iiidi;;nation at him.ao
that CIcupatni's persuasions had less force tluin
the arguiitetils nnd pre'irttri" he | brought, lo re-
gain his frirttdship, for Antony said, that "jt
was hot good to n (|uiie an uicyniiit of u king, as
to the almirs of hi', guvehimeiit, for at this rale
he couhl be no kinu' at all, liUttliat those who had
given him that iiutliorilv. ought I-) permit him to
make u'c of il." He al.<o said the same things
Ibest for her iiot
the king'a g o-
make u'c of il." He al.<o said thi
to Cleopatra, that it would be pt
busily lo liiedille with tbi' acts of
traV ill-will to him, which was such. Hint she
*Tlie reaiiinsof ononr Joseiiliu8*sGrcek Mf*P.soctns
iiareio lie iright, lliat Aristoliithis wna iiol rij/htfro yturt
oU, When ho waa drowned ; fur he won not ncenleiii
vcrniuent. liennl wrote «n~ailcu>tnt of the:ie
when he wna matte liish priest, rh. U. sect. : eh. III.
■en. •^ ; anil he roniinucd in tliat office but one yaari U
In the ]ilac9 before ua.
"■ '♦
306
ANTIQUITIR8 OF TIIK JKWrt.
#•
^;.
IklnM, tml " ulargail upon (ha other kunon
whicn ha hail m:fi«ftl fruiii Anliinyi huw h«
aal by liini al hit hcarinK lauMi, ami l(K)k Ixa
dial with hliii avrrjr tiajr, ami thai hx rnjoitil
IhoM Ikvnra Imiu hint, iinlwilhilandinaf Iha rn-
proachatthal Cl«ii|ialra wi aavaraly laiU aKainil
niiii, lyliii having a i^rral ilrtir* uf hii cuuiilry,
■ml atiriirilly rntrraliiiK Aiiliiiiy thai lh« kixgic
(iuin'iiilrlil lia K;l«rii |v her, laborril Willi her
ulinoal flilifriira In ha«* hjiii oiil of Iha wajr,
but that ha itill fuiiiiil Aniun/ jwil lo biiiii and
hati m> liinK'!' any a|i|irahrntiiin<i uf kA3 Iraal-
luoiil from liini ; iinii thai hn waa aiiuii upon hi*
rtlurn, with a firiiirr ailililionul aiiuramr ol hi«
favor III him, in hi* rriKniHK ami niaiia((inK
public ndiiirt; ami thai Ihvra wua iio Inngiir any
no(M fur CIviipalra'i cuvaloui lrni|>rr, lincli An-
tony hail i[i«en hrr CwluayrM inalaad of what
aha ilaaireii, by wliirh inran* he hail atiinrnpari-
fiaii hrr, and kiiI ilcar of tint rntrraliii which
aha uiada him lu have J udea bi'ilowed upon her."
6. Whan tliaMi lallerawrrc brought, Iha Woiilrli
Itfl oA' Ihrlr atlciiipl for riyin^ lo Ihn Roiiiani,
Which Ihry Ihoughl ofwhiln ilrroil wan auniHiicit
lo ho druil, y<tl hh* iioI Ihiil pur|Mi«r of tin in^ a
ari^ri'l; but whrn lb« kniKhail i:onduclcd Antony
•on hii way BKiiintl Ilia I'arthiaiii, he returned lo
Judra, when both hia titler isaloine, and hit
mother infurnird hiiii of Aleinndra'a intention*.
Saluuir alio added loinrwhat furlhrr againit Jo-
lephi IIiuUkIi il wi>re no more lliiin a calumny,
that be hnu often bad criniinol runvertation with
Mariainncv The rraaon of her uiyinK to wa>
thii. that the for a bn|^ Unie bare her ilj-will, for
when Ihey bad Jilfrrrncfi with one another,
Marinniiie took Kreal freedom*, and reproached
the rrit for the iiirannriii of thrir birth. Hut
Herod, whoip aflicliun lo Murlnnine wat always
very warm, wai prciently diituHml at thii, and
could not benr (he tornient'l of jenlouiy, but Wat
atill rctlrHlncd from doing any rH>h thing to her
by the love he had for her; yet did bin vebriiirHl
■flection and iealpimy toKe'lbcr make hiui aak
Mariaiilne, by nrratlf alioul Ih'ia mutter of Joieph ;
but tlie denied il upon her oath, and aaid all tliut
ui innocent woman could poiii>ib|y any in her own
defence, au that by little and little the kinj; waa
prevailed upon to drop the euapicion, and left' oil'
nil an|;er at her; and being oven'ome with hia
paatiou for hii wife, he made im n|Hilogy to her
for having teemed to bclieye what he had heard
■bout her, and returned her n great. niaiiy ac-
knowledgiii^nla of hir . inodcal' behavior, and
profrnheij/tlie extraordinary allection and kind-
neta lie/iad fur her, till at laat, a* it uaual be-
tween bvrrt,'lhey both fell inin teart, and em-
braced due nnotlii p with n moat lender tiH'eclibu.
But at tn« kin^Knyc tuore and niorc asturancea
of his beliciaijrnier irdenty, and endeavored to
draw her to a like cunfitlence in hiiu, Mariitinnc
■aid, " Yet wtta not that command thou gnvetl,
that if unv harm came lo tliee from Antony, I,
Who had been no occasion of it, aho'uld periah
nith thee, a aign of thy iove to nie." When
tlietc wordt were Atlltn Iroiii hrr, the king wus
allocked at them, and presently let her ^o out of
bit ariiia, and cried out, and lore hia hair with hit
own haniJa, and aaid that " now he had an evident
-deiuonttmtion that Joseph bad had criminal con-
vemalion with his wife, for that he would never
have uttered wlint ho had told hiin alone by
hiiiiaelf, unleaa there had been such a great
familiarity add tirni confidence between them."
And while he waa in this piissina he hud like, to
have killed bis wife, but being atill overborne by
hia loiie to her, be reatrained Ibia his paaaioii,
though not without a; lasting grief, and disqui;
./
CIIAP. IV.
//aw CUafmtra, yaktn iV hM KOUmfroin Anto-
ny ii<m$ I'ttrli if^JuJtmanJjIraliitt, rnma ln/«
Juilta t »nd kttw Hiro4 g»t4 hir mani l^rtunli,
and eunduclid Atranit krr leay Aar^ lo Hg^ft.
\ I. NriW at thia liiiir tha iiiraira nf .Syria war*
In ciinfuaion by ('lro|>alra'« I'oliiilant (lertuaiiOM
to Anloiiy lo make an attnii|it u|m>ii every body'a
dumiiniina; for ah* (Hnjiadnl him luMaae thuta
d Iniiina away from Ihvir •< vi tat> pgijirea, and
' "^ ' ' 1 the Hm" ' ■ '
■I, liy renal
ved lo her by hia aHictiona. Sl'i^;;^
bctlow iheiit uiKin her; and th
'^uenrn U|ion fiini, b' -
nature vary covetoua, iiml •liirl^-af 1
iTfrrr
u>l(fi^i|(hly in.
renaon of hi«|^hig iiiala-
aim fiy
net*. She had alrraily poiamird nrr SWithir, l>e>
rauaa the knew that h« waa lo be kt^ ul Kgypi,
and Ihit when he wat but fifteen |e«ri«ob|; and
the got her aiatrr Arainoe In be alain, by the meunt
of Aiiliiiiy, when ahe wat a au|iplicant at l/iana *
temple al Kpheiua; fur if thura were bu( an«.
hope* of getting money, the would violate boln
templet and tepulrhrei. Nor waa Ihrraiiny holy
place, that waa ealeenied the moat iiiviohible,
liiini which aUe wbulll not fetch the oriiaiuenta it
hail in il; iiorjiliy^dai'e ao (irofane, hut waa 16
tuttir the liiiialUlaMiuut trealmeni )iot*ible' from
her. if it coifl^pp^-rontrilmte lomewhat to tha
rpvetuui hnniv|,:(if lYiit wicked crratuM; yet
dill not all thit ludiittt ^o nitravagMit a woimin,
who Vai a alave to her liiatt, but the atill ima-
gined that the wanted every thing the could .
think pf, and did ' ■ ■ .
clB ess of mind. — However, he gav e order to s i njr
Joseph, without pernruting hint to come into hia
sight; and as for Alexandra,. he bound her, and
kepi her in cuitody, as the cauiie of all this
■uiscbief. '
I her ulmott lo gainVl; for^whicU
feniiuii slir hurried Antony on perprlivally'to ue-
iirive olhera of their domiiijona, and give *liem lo
ner. .And a» tha went our Syria Hiih htm, the
roglriyed lo gel il into her |M>aaeaaion ; to he alew
L^taniut, t|)o tun of I'lobiiiy, accujing Mm of
hit bringing the I'arlhian* u|ion tliott counlriet.
She alto petitioned Antony to give her Judea
and Arabia, and in order thereto detired him lo
lake Iheie counlriet away from their preacnt
governora. At for Antony, he wnt to entirely
oven;onie by thii wpmuii, that one would not
think her converaation only could do II, but that
he wat toiiie way or other bewitched to dowhat-
aoet er alie would have him ; vet iliil (he grotaeit
iiart of her jnjuatice make hint to aahained, that
lie would not ulwayt hearken to her lo do lhoi«'
llngrant enorniiliei the would have persuaded
him to. That therefore hu might not totally de-
ny her, Itw. by doing every thing which the en-
joined himv appear openly lo be un ill man, hu
took tome parts of each of those counlriet aWay
from tlieii' former goverUort. and gave tllciu lu
her. Thut he gave her the Cities that were with-
in the river Kleutherua, as fur at Kgypt, except-
ing Tyre and Sidon, which he kiie-,v to have been
free cities from ifaeirancestors, although the prcat-
«d him very often to beatow thoae on her also.
2. When Cleopativ had obtained Ihit much,
and had accompanied Antony in'his expeditibn
lo Armenia, so fur as Kuphrateai ahe returiied
bark, and came lo Apamiu and l)aniascua, unti
pataed on lu Judea, where llerod met her, and
fanned of her paria of Arabia, and those r<^e-
nuet that came lo her from the regiou about
Jericho. Tbit country bears that balauin which
is the inptt precious drug that is (here, and grow*
there alone. The place bears also paliii-treet,
both many in number, and those excellent in
their kind. When she wnt there, and wnt very
often with Herod, ahu endeavored to have
ci^ininal convertation with the king; nor did she
affect secrecy in the indulgence ol such sort of
(deaaures; and perhapa she hod in sonie measure
a passion of lovo lu him, or rather, what is most
nobable, s h e laid n t re ftch cr oua s na r e fo r hi ii
/
/
by aiming to obtain such adulterous conversation
from hiiii: however, upon the whole, she seeinea
overcome with Ipvc tp him. ' Now Herod bad a
great while borne up good-will to Ckopatra, a*
/
/
,/
/
mWIK XV.-CIIAP. V.
/
aii7
kiiiwiKK Ih'il •lii< WM t Nriiiini/trli*»iil>' • I nil
mill lit ih»l liiii* hi' lh<>i»;ttil /in- (iirtii'Ml irly
wiirlliv iilhi* liMlrril, If tlil» i»|fti'in|il irH-mlnl
iiul ol' tiKl'i li* liml ill*') llioutilil iif |iri trnliiiK
frrntllMili' I'l him itnil hrr*u«r, afl'r nil, h* i
lilt nolhiiiir lltiil Hii« jii«l In liliii, nllKniMjtli llrnid
HHiili' III' itiHiiHn wiir mi iit>»iiati>ii<il ililii)ing hi(
_____ ^ _ __ _ iit«n, fiir Ihi hitlllr iif Ai iiuiii nil' iMH t »|w.rtiHt,
"li'iir liilriuiiM, li| )MilllMif !i'/"l'i lUiil'ln', H' niiiTi 1 wliifli h II liilii llif lininlrnl uml i iittilji-wtrnlh
wirr lirr •nili»»iir«. Il.iu.;i>r, lir riliiwl lii()lviii|ii'>l. wliirr Ci-ur mil Viil.nijf wrr» to
i-iiiiiiil| wHh lii-r |ir<i|xniil-, /111 I mil. il h riiiiiiril I lla;lil •"f t'l' •M)iriiin |i.i»ir nl llif wnrMi but
ofliK liiiiiiU t.i •■">»»iill »it/i iIkiii," VN'lHltiirlH' I lUrml limlii* iiijiijtiln i..ii|itir (Imt wn* «*r]r
(hniilil nut kill liiT nuw lii/hii'l In r in lift pittrr f I Irttilt'il, iin<l iIinI iioit for ii Imiik (iiih , himI ImtiliK
liir tinit hi' •tiiHilil thrnait il. Inir iill ibiwr I'mlit | iriiinil Kfi-Ht lutii., iiilil r 1 urmt itriMIc*
R niiilliliiilK iif I « ill til AImmii •hr \\\t% alrimlj i llirn'willi, K"! Innrtlur a Itmly nf inut. aii'l r»F»-
biTiHii* IrktiiHir, iiiiil tY'i' '^|"-i lilt I'l '•«■ •till 1" ' •""/ furnLlinl Ihriii willi nil im ii.iinn, aiul
liir lilt' tiiim !■> I iiiiii'i ttti'l tliiit lliri «i r^v llnnx | ifimKniil Ihi'iii nt nuxiliiriri lor Aiiloii} , liiit An-
woiilil hii muh'Ii liir Ihr iiiIvhiiIhkx nt Viilniiy i I'ln) •unl. !••' Iiiiil iin iiniil nllil* iixKlnnrii; liul
liiiittolfi •lii<:« ■hii wmtlil I > rlltliily ii'it 111' fiiillil'nl I li« t-oiiiDi imliil liiiii to (iiiiiii'li ffi* kinti nl Araliin,
in hiiii, ill ritiii' miy 1.111 li n iiniiii nir 111 ritnil.v I fnf liii Im'l In mil bolli hum hiin iiilil tnnii Clio-
•hiiulil i-iiiiir ii|iiiii liilii II* lliiil 111' •liiiiil I •Ininl ill I nntrn. Imn |ti'rhiliuiia In' wik; IW lltu win Mlint
■It'll! iiI'lH'r liililll)/" lliil «lim lii'lli'inKlil to | r|i'ii|iiitrri ili'.iri'il, who thniiKlit it I'.ir tier own
futlow lliiaailvji ■',/)!« frji ii'l< Hiiiilil |i'il |(il liliiil ' iiilvHiilnKi , llint lhr*« Itvii kiiiir* •liiiiilil tin nun
■ml tnlil hnii, lhnt/"iii tin llfiit ptiti'f. il wii« iml I niiiillirr ii« Rrinl iiiltrliii'f in iwiiiililf. li|Minlhil
rinlit 111 iitli iiijil »i Ifri III 11 ttiiim, iiiiij iiiiiliiMim Ifl i|ii'«»iiui' n>iiii Anlniit, Hi T.iil n liiriiiit tiiiCk, I
Ihrri'l)} iiitii llii/ iiliiiii"! itiwiiti r; Kii'l tlu'V I'y ki'iil III* ariuy with linn, In nnli r In lliMi'li' ArlT
liani lit Jinn, ihui lii'ic;! il nf liiiii lli iiuili'rl.ilii^ | hiii iiiini«'ili.ili'l.>. So whin Iniiiiniv nl hnru'-
nothinx rnnlilt. |/r ibm Anlniiy mnillii ni'tir Imir I iiii 11 niiil I'lioliiiin win rami), lit- iniiri liril In Uioa-
'll, ni>, lint tbuiiyh ni»y niir >h<iiilil i|vi<iiiitl> tiiy jiiilin, tvliithii' thr Aiiibiiiiia I'lniir iil>» In invat
llirni, fnr lliry Wt'rii lint iinii|ijirirril nl' llii« war
llmt tt'itii rommu ii|inii lliiiiii mil iilli r n Krrat
li:iltb> hnil lii'cn tnii^hl, tlir Jih« liinl Ihr tntory.
Itiit fllirfwnril thfri- wirf |;ritli'ii tnnillwr ano'
lliir iiiinirniu* Hriiiy ol Ihr AraliiiiH*, at t 'una, ,
ivliii'li l« M |iIbi'i; nl ('ii'lnii>rifi. Mi'rndH«»in:
I'lriiii'il iil'liii* hi'liiribiinil: •n lii' I'uini' niHri-hinK
nUitilj"! Ihrni with Ihr uruilrit |iiirt of liir fnr<"»«
Ifi' binl; mill whi'il hi' niM rnilu> niiu' In ('una, ll«
rrsiilviil M riii'ninp hiiiiii II', nml lie I'lUt up Ik
liiiUirnrk, tbiit hi' iiiiKhl lukf n prii|ii r iruiiun for
n nri-ninil nf ! iiD^rkiii;; llic I'miiiy ; >>ul a' lit' tva« ;;it iliK thoic
nrtji ri, llii' nnilliliHli' nf lhi> Ji'Hi rrii'il unt that
III' khiiiil'l nmkf nn ililiiy, but I'lil lliiui n|;nlnit
tlw Afiibinni. 'I'hiy w'l nt witli Kruiit apkril, at
livlirviiii; llii'v Hire in nry (inoil nribr, and
tl|iii(' opiciiilly wiTi' an lli.il Iniil brrii in Ihii
rornicr bulllt', iiiiil hnil bit 11 iniiipirruf't, ami bad
lint prrnillliil tliiir 1 iii'niy fi iinirh n" In (•nine
In II il.iiT I'l'^lit with llinii, ' Ami Hbni Ibry were
^■l liiiiiiiltiimi". Mini »biiniil •iirh |ji'i'u|aKl»''rilyf
llii' kin^ I'i'inlviil In iiiiiki' ii>i' nt tliiil »i>al the
iniiltiliiilii tin 11 I'vbiliiliil ;mnl "hi'ii br imd iimu-
'rill lliriii III' wniilil lint br In litiMlliiinil with tlicm
innnirajfi'. In bil tb< iiinii,iniil nlnuil ln'rorr Ibrm
:ill III hi* uriiinr, nil the ri'ijiiiieiilt billnwtn);
liiiil ill Ihiir 1.1 vi.rni ninU«: uliiri'iipoil a ron-
.lit niiilinn I'l II upon llii' Aniliiniis fnr ivhrn tbry
piri'i ivi'il lliiit tbf Jrt\« urif mil bi Iw »'i>ni|iii>rr
III, mill iviTf full III' npiril, IIm' ^riiittir part of ,
{intra. Anil ArtaNii"'. Ihii lilrnf nf I111 miiH, wlni I tliiiii Hin nwiiV, nml iivni(li'<l li',;litiiiR. '""' ''""y
mil «• nipfil nt that Iniic, Innk tin' kiii)?il"Ml of I bail boi'niiiiiti' (balrovi iLbml nut Atbinion fiillrn
Artnt'i in, who yrl wiis ijri'li il liy Aiilii liiim mill lipoii llii> .li'H «, iinil ifhlri'««r(l thnn, fur tbi« man
Nero ( -';i'iiiir, whfn tln'y ri sloiril 'rigiuin a, bin '" " ' " '' "'
Iwfnni bia ry'i'a Ihiil II ivua fur liia o«|i ii'tviiiiliiiri ,
ftiid thiit thi! nuiii'iirniicu nf ilrpriviiilf him nf In r
qinvrrantiiiii, / liy Ibia tii'biil nml In nilirriHia
iin Ibiiil, wniil/l pr.ibiiblj ai » Ilia iidti iiniia iiKiri'
lit II lliiiiii' tliiin In f iri'. .Vnrih'l il appr ii;fl'iil 111-
ijoiild nllir any lliinj; iii t.ib rulibi.Hi i;;lil 1.1 hi«
iitfim'i',tliiayiitli'inpt lii'iMX ii);»i'i'it 'nrli 11 Uixiiiiii
n)i wiia nf tUc lii;;liial iMjiitily nf iiiiv nl In r »' x '
ni lliiil iIiik/iii till' »<>rlili mul :i« toiiiiv ii>l>iiiiiiii;i
t^ III' I xpirtril li'iiiii aiifb ini iiirlirt.iiiinr, if iint 1
i^irh rniilfl III' mippnai'il ill lliia I'liat', it v.niibl
Aiipi'iir. In/ilrai r\«i rniiilrininitinii, n
/tin in<nlijnri' In' niii>l liikr iinoii liini in ilniii:; |l
'' Wbii b i7iii^iilrnilliiiii nmili il vrrj pbiiii Itml ni
■n tlninu In; uniibl tiii'l liia i^iivi riiiiit nt filliil
wilb iiiiS'liiifa, linlb i^i'iiit mill bialin^'-, jinih in
himai'tf iiml bia pnaliriti, wlirniia it tviia alill in
hit pnnir to rtjiit lli'i uiiknlmtt alir ivinilil
prriunili' htm In, nml In riiHio nil linn riblv I't
tlir aiiii* tiiiir." Sn li\ ibii" :illriKhliii;, lliinil,
and ri'ip'rai iiliiifr to liini tlir liii/^inl lii' iiiii'>tv in
all prijliiibilil,\ ,' run |i,v lliia iiiiili'il;ikiii'j;, lln)
riati'.iiii'd lliiil fpoiii il. So br Irculiil rbnpiilrii
kimll_v luiil iiiaile Inr pri'aiut'-, mul I'ljiiiluili'il
hi'r on lirr wny In I'arip'-
:l. I lit Antony Miliilui il Aniifniii, r.inl >•! nl Ar-
tabiiir , tin' ann'of ^'i;;riiiii n, in bipiuU, nllh bi.
chjldr n ami prnriir.itor". In I' K.M''' '""' "'"'b' n
|irpai'iil of thi'iii, mill i>i nil llii' rnviil onninnnl-
which bi' hnil taktn out nf lliul k-in;:'loiii, to Cbo-
yniin;!; T brnlhcr, to tlint lii|i;!;<!um: but thia hup-
peni'il a good wbilf nflrrHiiril. *
4. l!ut Ihi'it, nt to the tribiitra nliirh' Hrriid
wat to pay C'lcopalrn for tlmt lomitry Hliirb An-
was ('bnpulru'ii (!•'«<■'■''' "'"' 'I"' tclili«'r« the
hail tbiTc, mill waa nt I'limily Hilli Hi' rod, and
vtry wiatfiilly lonkril on tn aii' what the e»rnt
of the battb' Would bi'i In- bail nlio ri-aolvcd.
that in riiar tlii' Arnbimn tlid any tiling tbiit wat
111 lii alill, lint ill
tony lAnl civcn bcr, he nVti'il fairly uilli brr, na | bravi' nml »m.'cl'»a|'ul, bi- ivmilil lii
ilri/iu'HrK It not infi' for biin to nllnrd niiy rauin' ] cnac thi'y win- binirn, na il nnlly Inipptiird, be
for ClJiipntrA to bate liliii. As for the king of . would nttiuk the Jrw* with llio-i' forcct he bad
AmbiaJwbojf tribute lliroil bnil umlertnkin lo ! of bia own, and witli tlioai- flint thi' country had
pay hrn for tome time imicrd he iiniil bliii na |;ntti'n tngelbir for biin: an he bll upon the Jewt
iiiucli aa came to two bnmlred Inleiita, but be j uuexpecleilly, when they Here futlKued, and
afterwanl beranie very ni;rKari!ly, nml alow in ; tboughl liny bail nirenily vanipiishcd tlie eiirniy,
bis pnynienta, and loiibl burilly be brouglil to! nml inailr a great ^Uingblir nl fhenii for a« the
pay soiiil' piirtt of it, nhil wna not willing lo pay j jeiva bad iipent their loiimife upon their known
even ihei\i without fonie deductions. , eiieiiiiea, ami were nbout til enjoy theniaelvet in
qiiietueas after the vietory, they were caaily beat-
CHAP. V. en by these that ttttai'keil'lliein'ufretb, ami in par-
ticular received erent fiiaa. in placet where the
IwiraiMi iiiiihl iiQtlie i.f airviee, and whieb were
HfnoTTttnll made vnr with the Kinj; ofVlrnbia
t
s.
and «flc\ thfy h,idf.„ehl "'-''-y ««'''"> ,^' i very .torn, n^ tlinae that attm ked them
versatior.
c seeinea
od bad a
patra, u
-----!- :
-■■-■■:
Itngth euknucrtil liim, and ira.i rhoscn by the
Jlrabs Inbf iiovtriwr iif that JS'ation; at alto
eoncerning\a great Kartliijiiakc.
{ 1. HeheuVoN Herod lii'ld hiniiielf ready to
(b Rgainit Iho l^ing of Arabia, becauie of hit in-
wefe better aci|Uninleil with the pliien than tbenV-
telves. And whin the Jews bad nuHered tbit
lota, the Arubiana raiaiil their npiriu i>l'ttr their
defeat, and J'elnrniiiKl'n'l' MRain, tlew'lhote that
tr«re alreatly put to flight ', and indeed kll lortl'
• • •' '282 .
:iUN
ANTianiTua «r tiik jkwh.
'"^r
'f
:N:
«/ tt*iM(lil«r win now CtmiHtNl, iml irf iIhm* Ikal
••rciwil, » f»m ontjr r>tiiriiMl liilit Iha r4iH|i.
Mo kiiiK llrrml, whi-H h* il<»|Mirai) of llio halllii.
ruti* u|i i<> ItiKiii liiliriNi thun •mkIimc*, jtl iImI
IM Hoi roiM* liiiin viuiiiiih III ilii thrill mty tor-
Tir>, ihMiiitli h" Inbiirrirharil Id ilit )U liul III*
Jnwlah I nmn WM Uk*n, •<> llml ih* Ariilili«ii«h«<l
Hiw)p«'U<lljf • iiKwl |(l>iriuu« M«y«ia, httliiK
gatntil Ihiil virliirjr, whirh iil ihrniwIvM ihr)
W*ni iMiWNif tikrly lo hitr> kiiIAiiI, hH!! lUyiiiK
• Krcitl |Mrl III iIk' rniiii}'* uniijri whrncii allfr^
wiril lliroili'iiuM iiiiljr «i'l lik* n |irti*l« rolitMr,
will iliikv vti^u/iliHi* u|»iM iiimijr |mrl« iif AraiHa,
will ili<ln-M tlliHi l>y MiiMrii liiiMirdiiiii, whilr h«
«ii( iiiniiril NiiifHig ifiH iiiuiiMtiilii«, mill Htifiilcil liy
■iijr nil nil* III niiiiv In ii |iili hmj Imlllr, ;<•! dlil
htgrruliy hiiraw llincudiiy by liU (MMluily. mill
•h« harir liihur hr Iniik In lhi> iiidlrr. lU aim
liiuk Kri'ftI car* of hi* own (nrfet, hiiiI umiI all
|H« uit Hii» h« comIiI III raalora iMa atlait^ tu llikir
okl (Uli'.
9. Al lhi« liiii<< it wiH thai Iha ll||lil hiiiiiH-nrd
at Actiiint. iHitwriHi Oi'liiviiit f'li'oir hm<I Aiiluny,
III llir •rtuiilii' yuur iil' lliir rvign iil: Hi i-ml) anil
than il »»» niKi Ihal tliiTo wa< an farlhi|uiik« in
Jiiiira, •iii'li a onn aa hail unl hi<|i|ieni'il iil any
oilier liiin , mill wliirli i'arllii|uukn Ii.uukIiI ••
(mat ilrilriii'tiiin niiiin thv culllii In lli ili'nuntry.
About Irn tlioniniKl iiirn aho |irri«lii'tl tiy ihii Cill
of liuu<.«i but the ^rmy, Mrhii:h liuliriil in ihv
flflil, rniitifril lin iUuikk" '>)' tl»* *"■' in'ciilriil,
Wh«n lltu Ariililiint nirii in^irhicil iil ihia, ami
whrn thiiia I hat ImliU Iha Jihti, ami jiU'iiaiil
thriiiii'l*)') 'with aKKravatliiK lh« rr|iorla, lulil
thrill i)( il, tliry raiard Ihtlr aiiirila, iia 11° Ihxir
•liriuy'a cuuiitry nraa ijulta u««iihri»vii, ami lli|i
111*11 wcra nllirly ili'ilmycil, iiiiil iIkiiikIiI Ihirr
now ri^iualni'il imtbinil; that rnnlil o|i)ioaii tlii'in.
AccuriliiiKly, Ihcy Imik thu Jaiviah miiJiMMailiira,
whoraiiMi t» iIk'iii al'lKr all Ihia hml ha|i|i«n«l, lo
make (trail! ivilk thcin, uml aliiv (lii'in,unil niiiKi
with jrrrnl alurrily a^alnat lliilr iirniy j but the
J«wa Jurat not Mrilhalanil Ihrni, anil were tu riial
down by llw trnlainjiira ihry tvrrr umkr, that
• 4hry took no rnfn of their allaira, but K>ivc up
theiiliclvaa to ittvapuir j fur thry had ito hupr thitl
tlMty ihoulil li« iijiun u ltiv«l with llitni ngnin In
battlea, nor olilain any uaaiatani^ii i'l««iv1irrr,
while Ihrir ulliiira at honiii wuri' in aiir.h Krtiit
diitrraa bI<ii>. Whin niHlli^ra wcr« in tlii* r^imii-
tion, tha kliif; |i«rauaik'd the comiuiijidi'ra by hit
wordt, and tried to riiitr thtir iiiirita, which
were quiln i>iink; and Aral In; timi'iirorril tu
eiiiNiuriiKii and eiiibohli'ii aonif ofthu bvtttr tort
beforehund, and thvn vinturcd to inaki' • tprich
to the Miiiltiliidr, which hit had bifire avuiili^d
to do, li'tt lit- ahituld liilil tlinu niii'iiay thtiri ill,
bccaiita of the Inialbrtunri which had bapiirntd;
•o hit iiiadv a conaolnlory api'ech to thii ntiilti-
tude, in the manner fullowltij;:
3. " You are nut uiiuc(|uaiiilcd, my fvllow titl-
ttlert, that we have hwl not luiiir linctuiaiiy aooi-
d«nta that have put n itop to what wu are about;
'and it it prubable that even thote thnt are luott
diitinKuiihed a\»>^t pthrra for their cuuni|;r, can
. hardlrkerp up their tpiriti in inch rircuiiKtun-
c«*; out aince we ciinnut avoid li|;htiiiK, mid no-
thlof^fhat hath happened ii of tuch n nature but
it luiyr by ouriclve* be recovered into a pood
■late, aiid ihii by one brnvc action only well per-
formed, I have projiuifd to myatlf both to |(ive
you auiiie cncdunigcment, and, at the tiiiiiu tiiiie,
•oiiM ,iiifof Illation, bo^i which porta of iiiy de-
sign will temi to Ihit^poinf, tliat you will ttill
continue in your own proper fortitude. I »vill
tbep, in the fint place demojiatrtite to^ou, Ihiit
Iki* war U • JmI an* ua our Mil*, and ib«l0ii*
till* a<iniiiil It la a Wiir of nrrvaaily, a«il «•;£*•
ai.tiKil by ih* iigiMlini Iff mir oilavraitriaa, fur If
yiiu bv liHi'a aallalUtl of Ikla, il will b* a r*al
laiit* fif al.ii rll a lii)uM,aflir wlmh Iwill (aHhnr i
driiiuKtIral*, lliul ih* uiialurluiita w* ar* uiwU't
ar* of nu (raal inntMiutmu, aiwl llt.il wa lia«i>
III* Kr*Ml»al rvaton lo liii|M< fiir aiKliir). I tliall
hrfiUi with lh« Aral, ami ii|ip«iil to yuiirtilvva at
wlliir>a«a III What I ahull aa). Viiu xfv not iKiio-
rani r«rlabily of Ih* niikwliiaaa i^l Ih* Araltiana,
whii'b It lo that dvKri't' a* I-, *|ip*ar iHirMlibla |u
all oth*r nun, attil in iiu ludu touiawb*! Ikal
ahuwt Ih* Kriiaavat liiirbarily and ijiiiiiranc* uf
Hod. I'll* rhivf lhiitK< .whrreiii thvy hav* af.
I'riinlad ua, hilar anon Inini i uv*ti>u*n*i« anil
»nvy I and lh*y haVv allai knl ut In an inaidluut
iiiannar, and un lli* ludilni. Ami what otcatiun
ia lh»r* for nii< lo mention many iiialaiicra ul
•Urh Ihi-ir proi'dlur* f Vkvn Ihry Wfr* in ijut-
gtt III Utuif tlirir own Ku*nrnm*iil of tlirni-
arlvea, unil of Ih'Iiik tiaara to (,'liiu|Mlra what
iilkrrt w*rp llii y that rri«d llwni iVimii that fi iir f
\riir It watlba fi'iriidahip I had wi|h Antony, and
the kind dia|Nialllon liu wat In tuwanla ut, that
hnlh brrn iK* iii c.iaiiin that even tli*aii Arubiaai
hiiti' nut litin ullirly iinilniir, Antony Itilng i|n-
willinK to iiiidirtitkii any IhiiiK whlrli niiKht bai
tiia|tii'l*il by lit of uiikludiiKat: but wh*n h>
hiiii n mind to liraliiw anm* part* iifjiii.'h of our
ilfiiiiiniitna on ClrtipHlra, I, ulto iiiiinaK«d that
IlintUr ao, that liv Kiving hiiil priarnla of my
iiivu, t mij(hl i>tilnin li ui urily ti bolli natlout
ivliili' I iiiiilrrliiiik ntytrhtu anawrr for ilia iiiO'
iiry, iiiiil Kuvr him tivu butiilrrd laienit, awl bk- .
cniiK' auri ly for Ihnai- two hiiiidrvi| mora winch
wrrn iinpoaed iipitii the hind that ivaa aubjrct to
Ihia tribntr: and Ihia Ihry hate iliifriiiidcd uii nl,
ulth<iii;(li it wat not rruaonablr that Ji wt ahoidd
iiiiy Iriliiil* lo any man living, or nllnw part iil
Ihi ir lunil lobe taiiiblv; but allhoUKh that wua
lo bi>, yrt Ouk'>' wi' not lo pay tribute for thcti-
Antbiana, whom tv« have ourtilvet jireacrved,
nor ia it A| that Ihry, Mho have profraacd, an<l
that with grriit intigriiy and arnke uf our kind-
m •«, thnt it la by onr iiirana that Ihry keep their
priiiripalily, ahuuld litjure ut, and danrive ut of
ivliiit It nur dm , and ihit while ive have berii
alill not lliftr nil iiilua but tlirir fririida. And
when ua o4iarrvii(iiin bl' roveimnta takrt nlam
iinionK the billrrt'tt riirmlri, but aiiioiiK frirndt
it nbtolutiily ncc^taury, Ihii ia not obterved
umiin|[ tlirae mm, it ho think Kain tu br th« belt
of nil Ihinjca, b t il lie by any mrana whiitinevrr,
and that Iniiiiticr it no harm, if thry may but
get iiionrv by it: it it tin rrfore a (|uetliiinwilh
you whetlirr the u'lijiiat are to be puniahed or
not F whin (iod himarif hnlh drclnred hia mind
that to it ou)(li( lubr, and hnlh comniamled ut.
thnt we ever tlioiild bate injurica and liijiiatice.
which ia nut ouh jual but m'^raanry in wart br-
twern ilcveral nationa; for theae Arabiant have
done what both the (irreka and bjtrbnriant own
to be an inatapce of the Krutaeit wlckednrtt,
with rrgiird to our ambat^iailura, whom, thry have
licheuilril, while the (irerka drcl.ure that amh
ambatsadurt aire iiicred and inviulable.f And
for uurtelvri, wo have learned from <iod the
I mott excellent of our doctrintit, ahd the niual
I holy part of our taw bv angrlt. or nmbnatailort'
j for tliia iiame bringt ('■pd to the knoivlcdj^e of
I mankind, and it tuflicient to reconcile enrmiri
j one to another. AVhat wickrdncM then catt be
i grcatrr than the alauithtrr of nmbaaandnrs who
coinr to tfcnt about diiio)f whiit it right. And
i whrn aurh have been their aclinni,how it it jmit
* The reader M here lo take nolire, lliatttila termk
year of the rrtgn of lleruil, anil all themlu'r ycara of hit
rei||n,in Joae|i|iiii, arc ilatrd from the ilrnlh of Aiiliiio.
nua, or al the aooiirat friiin Ihr rimi|iical of Anilfioiiiia,
and tlie fakinn oi' Jeruaalnn n frw nmniliH ItrrufK, anil
■ever from lilt Aral obialiilnii Hir kingdom at liiijnd
aiwve three years hcfore, aa tome have very weakly
ami Injudlcloutly done, '
t llrrod tayi here, that tuiambaitadori were tarred
when they rarried iitrjiwica lu nllipr«, an illil Ihr law*
<tf Mir J(;w« derive a tncrril aulliorlly hy lieinu delivered
franil'Oil \iy ttH/irU [ordirhr aia/Mijuriii/tifaJ which la
HI. Paul't eipretaion about the tamo lawt, Gal. Ul, !•'>
Ileh. 11.3. -
■*.■.,■
':\ ■
*wS I
UrWK XV.-CIIAP. V.
soft
•iM«ib«.v nm H«« wmnI^ In rrminiiMi UIp, or >H)
•Hi'i-ratftil Ml \tnrl Mt m) •)|Hnl»H lbi> U Mn|iu«ii-
bl«, Iml |t»rh»|M tniur will ••«, Ihm whtti i* h»iy
«ni| wImI m ri|hlMiii«, !• lH<l*r<l ou iwir •Kin, IimI
th« . A mliuiit »n alttirir niorr itiMriiiriiiu, or
inar« mmKroH* (halt w* arc N»w m In lhi«i In
Iho Aril |iUi-*, II It lull Al fur iia In iny •^, fur
with Mfhulii I* whiil Mriglilriiui, willi llinti la UimI
him— [I, nvw wlivra IIihI la, lliirv l« Uith niiilli-
ImU aiwl r(Hir«|t<'. Hut In vtuiiiini' oiir iiMrii cir-
i'iiin<lj|ii<:«|i ■ lilll><, "It wrrv iitniiH'riirt lii |h»
(IrtI IniII|«» unil whoii wn (>iM||hl iik*iii, ihajr
w*rii no| abt* to ii{i|hi>i> u<, IiuI r«n (wii,i)iniit
ruiilil Aiil •■yliim uur iiiiiu.'k« ur uur riH'ir»i«i
but Mh«n wn Ji«>l I'Miiiuuml Ihniii, llimi I'niii*
Aihi'iilun, ■n<^iiiiiil« war riKuiiKt u« iflilioui ilv-
I'UriHK til ■nirnni), i« lhi< hii IikUiii r nf ihnr
minhixiiri ur la\ll mil • miiiihI inalaiirniil Ihftr
wlrkfliiiiM Mill tnni'harji'f Why an w*, lh»rt-
(of, ut iu« euiuiuft, un i i cr ni ii it u^ llwt wbiislt
ottnlit to inffiirr ^a «vilh alrmiKor kii|u >1 mwl
why iirK Mint l< rrillail ul lh»*r, wlin, wlicii llity
ll|[litM|xiii lh« l«v«>l,N|r< I'liiilliiunlljr ntalni, mitt
«rnltii lh«y ■*rln li> bi Ciiiii|iirriir«« Ihxjr ifniii il b)
^li ll< itiica* t anil tf «r« au|i|MtMi O'Kt hii; iiiii'
klioulil lUviii IbMii III bn nirii of nul loiirii^r,
Will iidl hf br ttti'llril \if ihal frrv I'lijltlilvriililiil
lu«ilii bia iilitiiial iiK;niiial Ihriiit ^lr IriH' valur la
Iniil aliiiwii liv IlKblmx ngulllal wi'iik iipririiia, liiil
III briuv alitc In iivrnnitwlhn iiiiiat lianl) . Iliil
(hf II, if Iha ilialrrut'a w« llrn onrai Iti a uiiili'r,
•lul iha iiilarrira llml Imv« ruiiii' l>^ Um rnrlb-
qi/nr, hiivii atlrJKhliiil any oilo, li;l liliii ■ cinaiila r,
III tlio lirat |jla<t>, llml ihia vary iIiIiik i«lllij<'<'<'ivii
Ulii Ariiliiniia, IImI wbnl halM Uclnlliii ut la Krint-
•r ihnn il really it. Mitrrorcriilit not rifbl lliul
4h* tnnia llillij^ that <:iiili<>|ilrni Uiriii aliuiikl ilia-
riHii'NKc utj lor Ihrav inirn, ymi mo, ili> nut il<t-
rivi' llinir alairily (rom any a<lv*iili>Kr<iua virliii'
of Ibeir owil, but I'roiii thi'lr liu|>r, ut In ut, llmt
»c «ro {(tailK filial iluwii by nur iiiialiirluiii-ti liiii
whi-n we luililly iiiartb iiKaintI tbi'iu, «v« abnll
•0(111 pull ilitniu tht'ir iiiaulnil iv<iiii'i'it u( lliiui-
mlvia. anil aliall vaiu llila by alliii kiiiK ibiui,
Ibal Ibry will iiul iiti ao iiiaoUiil wliiii wn coim'
td| the bmib', I'lir our (liatrrut'i ar%' nut ad Krral,
'Doritwimt httlh lin|i)irii<»l an iiiilii:iilii>it of thi*
aitccr (if (toil n^aintl ut, at riiu" iiiinf(ine, I'ur
•ilCb tliliif(t ari! iii'i:i(lrnlnl, ainl uiUirtilii't tbnt
com* in ihKuauHlruiirtnuftliinirt; nnil if \vc allow
Ihal tbit wat iliint! Iiy 4hv wilt <^f (inii, wn niuai
■How that il la now ovt-r bv hia will ulao, iinil Ibnl
he it tutiaOeil with wbnl init alrcmly biimiennl,
for had b« brrn willing In alllii-t lit aliU iiipr<^
thcri'by, Ur. bail nut cbanKcil bit iiiinil ao toon.
Anil Ma for (br wnr wiv ntv rngii^fnl io, he bmli
hiiutvlf tIAiionilrntt'd, tbut Iw ia ivilliii;; it thoiibl
go on. anil tbnl li« known it lo bt- ii jualwar; for
whilr loiiie oftb« iH-oplii in lliofoinUry hnv* pe-
rlahcil, all yuil wliii were in nrnia liiiin tiillVrcH
nolhiiiK. but iiri' nil prviirvril alive; ivJiKriliy
<]0<J liiuket it plum to u», lh.it if you had uiiivir-
tiilly, witb_your children and wivra, bein in tbu
triiiy, it bau (.'oilie to piiia, that yon Imil not un-
dergone hn^ thing tbul would navn niunb burl
you. Cantiilcr tliraa tliiiiga, and, what it iimri!
than nil the rvat, tiattjroii have (io<l nl all timet
(ut your protectoriBBd |irotcrule theto men
with a juit brnveryfVwho, in point uf friemltbip
■m uiijutt, in llu:ir bnttlea perlidinut, tuwurda
■uibattadora inipioui, and ulwiiyi iufehor to you
III valuri
4 VVben the Jews beard tbit tpeech they Were
Diuch raited in their luindt, and (nor* dispoted
' *Thi« pine of religion, Ihn nip|illrailnR Rntft with
«...riAii.« liu lli.r.1.1 ln-fiir- li» ■■/■..., >■■ ^|.i^ djj(,( ,y|,|.
1(1 Nftil than b«ri<r«, tio lUnid, when h« had
ulfbr%il lb* aairilliea* a|i|i>>inle(l In rtia law.
ine^la^atle, ami liHik ihaiii, anal Inl IbeiiianuKt
lh« Aralniina, and in (ir«l»r lo that iwatmT off r
Jordan, and pili h>i| bn4i„ii>, ,„j||i ihul of th*
>ii*my. lie alio ib>iii|(hl tfriia.'»fi|} uiiiB a car-
lain aaallia »hm lay in (he'nil,!^ yrilieiii, w. ' .
iKipIng II Woubl Im bar biamlt mluKi, and woulit . .
Ih« aaniner proabMe a Imftle .•kiiil that IT llMira ^
went aia I'naiian for da liiy, he >tl(ll)l(l by |l hil«a> hll
ranap lorliAed. Anal aa tlie Ar>ilr|.ana hiaal (h«
tame liitrniMiM ii|H)n (hat |daa a , ii a .,iii<iai airaato
tiaatui It at Aral Ihey Were bail aliiraailahi a, alUf
which (here raniaa niorr ao|dlef«, and ii protral it
■or! of <lll(hl, lilld aiaine fell ani iNalh tiala a, |i||
ibaMa* aaf ilie Arabian tidiK^ere laeaian, »n>i r»-
Ideated. 'I'hia wat no tiiaatV eneiaurtiuinaaiil tu
Ihe Jrwa iinuiealiatilly and when llernd (il»-
tarreal ih«l Ihn •|tt'»>^'». army were aliapaiaial tai
•»y ibiUjt f»iU*r IMw bt etatm- in nn rtiffttg^r
nMiil. heienlureal b«blt^ jo ailainpl the bulwark
llaejf, anal lo piill it lai pief a a, anal aai iia va I Heart
er to Iheir aani|i, In larjer tea lliibl iTu-im fu|p
when thay were foneal jiul aal llieir Iranahea,
Ibry went uul in (brainier, ami hail iiol llii leatl
alaaiily, aar linpa aaf vitloryi )al alul ibey Aghl
band to hiiiiil, ba'euitar ihey u<era< iinart-'iii iiuni-
bar ibnii the Jana, aaiid In a laii.,' lliay Wert: in /
■ ua b a aliaiHiBitiiaii ail^wiar lliwl Ibi y Wa rakHllibr m'
una anally tif raalilinx a,i| baaldly ; a'.i tbev iniim^
a larribitt biilllr, while not ii lew fall aln^ ^Hki'h
tide. Ilowrver, nt b nKlli lire Ariabiiint/lleil t
aiid III icreal. a |ilHU|(liler H(a niiaiU' niaau« Mielr
b aiK raaulril, (bnl Ibey Were nui aiiily Villad lay
tlieii'eneiniea, but bi'i,iiiiia' llie iiuthi/ta uf Iba fr
i»n by II
iieoiili'
iniilllliiilr, iiiid the Hreiiiiiurriny'of people Ml
aliaoiiler, and weVa: ila.lriiy^d by (Imtr oHii ar'
iiiol'l to fiva l^uaittid ma'n liurdeml npini tha
apiil. whil«.tli4i r#4( (if Iba. »«iilliiaiala' aOoii rail
within lliti buliWirk (f.if tiiMy.l but liiid no Arm
hope of aufety, bjr ruaaaon aif llii ir wnni (if nei aa
aiiria a, and «ape( iiilly of j(iiler. The Jam pair. 1
iilW Ibenij but rmild Hijt (fet in h illi ihriii, bin
till Klnndi nboiil the Kutiviirk, nnd wiilrhad any
naaiataini-e (hut wiiii)^ ({et in t<i ilieiii, iiiiil pra'-
venled any tlieri.',.1but htid a miliU to il, liuiu
ruiiniii|r ntrny. ,' . '
5. VVlien the Arabiiina were in Iheae rtrruni*
ataneea, ihey •eiit iiniliaianilnfti (ii l|a rod, in ibit
lir.l phrii (O propnae lerlukuf luTiiniUHKhilKiil;'
land iifler thnl In ullir him, all ^ireariiiK \\.n tin jri
tbirat np^in them, ii» iinilvritn uliul'iiever Iml
pbiiaed, if he would free them from Ibalr pretent I
(lialrefa; IhiI be wonld luliiiit of no nmbnasnilora,
of no price of reileiiiplion, mar of nny other mo-
denitC' tenni whiitever. buinj; Very deVirona lo re-'
veii^e thute uiijuit iHtioiit ivhii I'l lliav liiad been
Kuily of lowanla hia iialiiin. So Ibey w« re ne-
(■e»iliited by oilier liiMtivei, nnd pnflieularly by
their tbirat, lo enme out nild (la liver (lieitiaidvea
up to biui, to be I'iirried iiiviiy aiiiitiveai ntiil In
live dny*' liiiii) the nnmbar of lour thniiaaud
were (liken priaonera, while idllhe rijat reiidveil
to make a tiilly iipini Iheir eiu'iiiii», uiid ti| |)_~ht
il out with tbeni, ehoo.inu nillier. if to it^mitt
be, lo die therein thiiii to |h rith );nulimlly unit
iiiKlorinualy, Whin they Imd hikeii ihia r< aolu-
(iun, they rniiin out of t'liilr Ireiiihei, liui rould
iiowny tuitiiin the Iiiiil, iiaiii)^ too nnnh (lit-
allied, both, in iniiid iiiid body, uml hii\in|>^ not
room to exert lhem«eUe», imil tliyuKhl il mi, ud-
vnntiigc to be killed, ni|il n ilii>ery lu aiirvivei'ab
on lh«r lirtt oniet there fell ubaut levcu t1iuu>
qinke In Jiidca; turli ifiiiea of nflllrtlnn nmkinir men
i i Kial icli ii i outi no r w ii a lie illtitin i ol iil uil of l iu l iu|Hii
here, liiil iiniiieiliiiliMy pnnieil ii niiMtalenal virlo'V over
lh« Arnlilnna; wlille they ivliu Jiiat lieliirii biiil lii-(!U id
Hreiit victori, anil m> iiiiirh elevnleil n|Miii Ihe enrlh-
(|unke in Juileit nt lo vrnturn to iluy (he Jewiali aniliaa-
laalura, were ninv unilcT a Miauio coiittvriiullun, and
hardly able to flf lit at alb
the Ariliiniw4ukeii nolirenfiilao in tim Ural liiHik Of
the VViir, cli. «ii. ten. J, la wotlli reiiinrkinif, Iwiiiuau
II It Ihe only exainiiicoflhii nnture.ni Tir at I remem-
ber, thnt Jiiseiiliiia ever nienlloni In all J|t|i Inrni and
parllculur acrniiii:i nftliia lleroat.nnd it wika when ho
Dad lieen In niiijlily di'trraa, and ititcouragcd by ajreji'
defeat of bl« furuicr army, and by a very |reat earth-
I \
tl1»
310
ANTlQUITirS OF TriE JEWS.
Mnd of tlicm; nftcr which stroke they let nil {he
eourngr lix')' hud put un hil'urit Ciili, niid utood
amnied nt llcriK.'V warlike «|iii'it undir hi* own
calBinltiea; su for the future (hiy yidded, nnd
, mild « him ruhrbf their imtion ; whi.'rrupon he
was griatly jJevuted ut so scnsonnhlr h luccfM,
9nd retui'nP(F hoiiie, taking );rent nnthnrity ii|ion
hlnVi on no'uunt of lu buhl and glorious an expe-
. tlitiun a> be hui mode.
CFIAP. VI. ,.
Hote Ihrodalew Ilijfcunna, iihJ then tiatlcdaieny
lo Cirstir, unit iililaintit.lhc Kini;Jmn from him
also; anil livv\aliltlc time fij'lervara,heenter-
taintit C'aaar in a mpsl IwnorahU manner,
{ 1. IIf.hoD's other afl'nirjwtrr rtow very pro«-
perou«; iimlhc wns not to be cnsily assnulttd on
- any »ide. Vet did tlH-reconio upon hint "h dahRer
that wouhl hnzurdhin entire dominions, after An-
tony had bem beaten nt the battle of Actium by
Gicsar [Octavinn;] for nt that time both Herod »
eneuiiia and friends deapaircd of his afliiirs, for
it was not probable that he would, renuiin wilh-
, out punishnient.^who had showed ko much .friend-
ship for Antoiiy. So it happened tlint his friends
desraiired, and had no hopes of his escape, but
for his encniiis, they airoutwartHy appeared to
J)c troubled nt his case, but were privately very
glad of it. as hoping tci^jobtaiu n chan;jc lor the
ricttej-. As for llrrod hmiself, he saw that there
that were formerly slain at Tyre by Aiitcny ; yet
roiildnot these motives induce Dositheus io scrye
llyrrnnns in this ntl'iiir, for preferring the hopei
he had from the present kmir to those, he had
from him, he ^ave llenjd the letter. '■ So he took
his bindness in good part, and bade him besides
do whiit he had already done, that is, go on in
serving him, by rollinj^ up the epistle, nnd iieai-
ing it ngain, and lUlivering it to Mulehus, and
then to l)riiig back his letter in answer to it, for
it would be much better if he could know Mai-
chns's intentions also. And when Dositheus waiv
very ready to serx-e him in this point also, thu ,
Arabian governor returned bock for Answer, that ■»,
he would receive ilyrcanus, and all that should -^''.t
come with him, and even all the Jev^s that were
of his party: that he would, moreover, send
forces sufticient to secure them in their journey,
and that he should be. in no want of iiny thing he
should desire. Now us soon <i» Herod. had re-
ceived this letter, he immediately sent for Ilyr-
canus, and (incKtioned him about the league he
■ had uinde with Malchus^'ond, when he denied it,
showed hfs letter to the sanhedrim, and put the
man to death immediiitely.
3. And this account we give the reader, as it
is rmitaincd in (he commentaries of kinif Herod:
but other historians ( o not agree witji thtiii, for
they suppose that Herod did iiot find, liut rather ,
make tliis nn occasrrin tur thus putting hfni to
death, and that liy (icncherously laying a snare
for him; for thus do they write: Thai Herod and
was no one of royal dignity left but Hyi'caniis. . , _ i •
and therefore he llioiight-it would bi- for Ills ad- ! he were ont'e ni atrc at, and that' Herod had given
vantage not to sull'er hiiii<to be an obstacle ill his j no occasion to suspcflt [that he was displeased at
way any longer; for that in case he hhtlself sur- , liini,] but nut this rimstion to Ilyrcanus, Whe-
viicd, and escaped the danger he was ii^, he ^ ther'ne had received any letters Ironi Malrhusf
thought it the safest way to put itoiitof the pow- \ and when he answered, that he had received let-
er ol sucli a man to make any nttempt against • ters, but those of salutation only; nnd when he
bini at such junctures of afliurs, as was more asked farther, whether he had liot received anv
\vojthy of tlie kingiloin tlian hiiiisclfiand incuse i presents from hiiu'? aiid when he had replied.
he should be slain by C'itsar, his envyproitiptei!
him to desire to slny hini that woultl otherwise
be king after hiiu.
2. While Herod had these tiling in his mind,
thsrc was a certain occasion ulhmhd him; for
HyrCanus was of so mild a temper, both then and
9t other times, that he desireil not tomc<ldle with
public affairs, nor to concern himself tvith inno-
vations, but left all to fortune, and contented him-
selfwilh what thot ad'orded him: 'but Alexandra
.[his daughter] Was niovtr of strife, and was ex-
ceeding desirous of a rjiange of the government,
and spake to lier father n<»IMo bear for ever He-
rod's injurioua treBtiiu:nt oT their family, but to
anticipate their future hopes, as he safely might;
and (ksii'cd him to write about these matters to
Mulclius, who was then governor of Arid)ia, to
receive tlieni, and to secure them [from Herod,
thit he had. received no more than four borifes to
ride Du, whicli Malchus had sent him; they pre-
tended that Herod charged these upon him as
the crimes of bribery and treason, and gave
onler that he should be .|ed away and slain.
Anil in order to dcmonstrnte that he had been
guilty of no oll'ence,- when he was thus brought
to his end, they' alleged how mi|d bis temper had
been, and that even in his youth he had never ,
given liny deinonstrntioiyof boldness or rashness, ,f
nnd that'tlic case was the same when he came to "
be. king, but that he even then conimitted the .
inana;.;einrnt of the greatest part of piiblic alTaini
to Antipatcr; and that he was now iibowe four-
scorovears old, lind kifcw that Herod's gbvern-
mcnftvas in a secure state. He also came over
Kuphiates, and left those who greatly honored
him beybnd that river, though he were Io be en-
for that if they went away, and Herod's affairs I tirel^ under Herod's government, and that it
proved to be, as it was likely th(?y would be, \yy was a most incredible thin|^ that he shonid enter-
reason of Caesar's enmity to him, they should prise any thing by way of innovation, unci not at
then be the only persons that could take the
government, and . this both on account of the
royal family they were of, and on account of
the goad disposition of the multitude to them.
While she used tllcse persuasions,, Hyrranus
' put oil' her suit; but as sjio shoVvcd that she
was a woman, and a contentious woman too,
and would not desist either nipht or day, but
would always be speaking to liim about these
niattcrs, anil aboiit Herod's treacherous designs,
she at last prevailed^ with liim to intrust Dosi-
theus, one of his frieirfs, with a letter, wherein
his resolution Was decliired ; and he desired the
Arabian governor to send to hinisome horsemen,
who should receive liiin, and cenduct him to the
. lake Asphaltites, which is from the bounds of
. Jerusalem three hundred furlongs: and he did
therefore trust Dositheus with this Ifller, lif.
iill agreeable to his temjicr, but that this was a
plot of Herod's contrivance,
■I. And 1hi» was the fate ol_Hyrcnnn8; aiid
thus did ho end) his life, after he had endured va-
rious and manifold turns of fortune in his life-,
time: for ho was made high priest of the Jewish
nation in. the beginning of his mother Alexan-
dra's reign, who held the government nine years;
and when, after his mother's death, lie took the
kingdom himself, ^nd held it three months, he
lost it, by the means of his brother Aristobulus.
He ivas then restored by Pompey, and receiied
all sorts of honor from him, and enjoyed them
forty years; but when he was again deprived by
Antigouus, nnd was maimed in his body, he was
made a captive by the Parthians, and thence re-
turned home again after simie time, on account
of thn hpiw s that Herod had given him, none of
cause he was a careful attendant on bin) and on
Alexandra, and had no small occasion to bear ill-
will to Herod, for be was a kinsman of one Jo-
seph, whom he had tiain, and a brother of those
which came to pass according to his expectation,
but he still conflicted with many mnfortnne»
through the whole course of his life; and what
wai the heaviest calamity of all, as we hare re-
•#
BOOK XV.— CHAP. VU.
311
Uitd kirciily. ha «iinc to an end which ivah uii- i
fte(err<;(l by him. Hi* character ii|)|ifiiriil to lie '
that of a uiaii ofa mild anil iiinili'rRt(MUs|iii«itiiin,
and (.iillrred the adiiilniHtratloii or ull'itii* to be
g^enrmUy dniic by olhcra uiiilpr Jiiiii. lie wiia
KvrriK tu much meddling willi the public, iiur
had ulirewdneas cnoug;h tu ifovcrii n kin);di)iit:
and both Antipater and linnnl ramr )o (biir
crcntni^iM by rnaiion u( hi* niililncM, and at lust
ii« met with Ruch an end from thoin na wna not
agrernb|v either to justice or |>iitj-.
5. Nov/ Herod, an soon IIS he iiurliyniinuK out
nf the <vity, iiiaile li:i<tc to Cieiiur: iind heciiuKe
he could not have iiny hope* of kiiWlii)'<.4 Iroin
hiin, on ncroiint of the frii'mlship he hud for
Antony, be had a ai^pirioii of Alexanilru, lr»t
ihe ahoiiid tiike tliit* opporiiiiiitv to brine the
multitude ton revolt, niiil IntroiTiire u setTiliim
into the afliilrs Ul'.tlie kinf(doni; tiii lie roiuniilled
the core of every '.liinK to his brc.lli<r I'liernrna,
and placed liln mother Cvpriw, nnil hi<i -sister
[Satonie,] and the whole faniilv, at iMai'sHdii, and
gav«t him a c|iar)ce, that if Ul shonid hear any
tad news about him, he ithould take care of the
government: but us to Mariniiiiie his wife, be-
cause of the niisnnderstunilin); bi'tivein her and
his sister, and his sister's mother, whieli iiiuile it
impossible for them to live together, he placed
her at Alexandriuiu.wilh Alexandru tier mother,
nnd left his treasurer Joseph, and Sohemiis of
. Itarea, to take care of thai fortress. 'I'hese two
had been, very faithful tobinifrom the JH'pniiing,
and were now left as a guard to the svonien.
They also had it in charge, that if they should
hear any inischicf ha<l befidlen him, tliev should
kill tlieiii both, and «• lar as they were able to
£ reserve the kingdom for hia sons, and f^r his
rother I'hei'orns.
C. When he had given them this charge, he
nradc hatte to Rhodes, to meet Caesar: and when
he had aniled to that cityrhetook oft' hi4 diadem,
■ but remitted nothing else of his usual dignity:
and when, upon his meeting him, be desired that
he would let blui speak tp him, he therein ex-
bibitt^d a much more noble iprcimcn of a great
toul, for he (lid not betake himself to aupplica-
tioBB, as men usually do upon such occasions, nor
ofl'ered hiui any pelirion, as if he were an of-
fender, but, after an undaunted manner, gave an
account of what he had done; for he spake thus
to Caisar, that "he had the greatest friendship
for Antony, and did every thing he couhl that
he might attain the government: that he was
not indeed in the aruiy with him, because the
Arabians had diverted him, but that he had sent
him both money nnd corn, which was but too lit-
tle in comparison of what he ought to have done,.]
for him; for if a man owns himself to be an- I
other's friend, nnd knows him to be a benefactor,!''
he is obliged to hazard every thing, to use «very
facultvofhis soul, every member of hit body, I
and all the wealth he hath, for him, in which I
confess I have been too detirient. Hoh ever, 1
Bni conscious to myself, that so far I hnve done '
right, that 1 have not deserted him upon his dc- 1
feat at Artiuni; nor upon the evident change of
his fortune have I transferred my h6\)e» Irom j
him to another, but have preserved inysell', I
though not as a valuable fellow-soldier, yet cer-
tainly as a faithful counsellor to Antonv, when I
demonstrated to him that the only way that he
had tp save himself, and not to lose all his autho-
riti', was to alay Cleopatra; for when she svas
oiiie dead, there would be room for him to retain
hisi authority, and rather to bring thee to make
a daniposition ivith him. than to continue at
ennlity any longer. None of which advices
woiM he attend to, but preferred his own rash
resolutions before thcin, whirh have happened
unprofitably for h i ni, but pro fitably for t l n ,^.
Npw therefore. In case thou determinest about
me, and my alacrity- in serving Antony, accord-
tag to thy anger at him, I own there is no room
for me to <leny what I have done nor svill I ba
ashamed tu own, ami thnt pnlilirly toQithat I had
n great kindness for him: but it thou wilt put
him out of the ease, und oiilv examine how I be-
haved myself to my benefactors in general, and
svhat sort of friend I am, thou wilt find by er-
pcricnrc that we ahalldo and be the annie to thy-
self, for it is but t'hanging (he namea, nnd the
lirnihess of friendship that »« shall bear to thee
will not be disapproved by thee."
7. Ily this speech, and by his behavior, whichi
showed (^ejar the frankness of hi* mind, lie
greatly gained upon him, who was liiniiii If of a
generous and niagnilicent lem|ier, insomiicli that
those very nrlions. Which were Ihe I'oiiiidatipu of
the acciJmtion against him, procured hiiii Cat-
sar's good-will. Accord iiigly he restored him
his diadem again; and encouraged him to ex-
hibit hiiiisclf as great n friend to himself as he
hud been to Antony, iiml then hud him in great
esteem. Moreover, he ud<h'd this, that Quintus
Didiiis hati written to hin>i tlmt Herod had very
readily assisted him in the nll'nir of the gladia-
tors. So when he had obtained such a kind re-
ception, and had, beyomi all his hopes, procured
his crown to be more eiitirelv and lirnily settled
npon'him than ever by Cii^sar's ({unalionj as well ai
by that decree of the Koiiinns, wliirli (,'icsAr took
care to procure for his greater security, he con-
ducted (.'lesar on his way to Kgypt, "and made
Iireseuts even be\ nnd his ability, to both him a/id.
lis friends, and in general behnved himself with
great magnanimity. He also desired that Cipsiir
would not put to deSlli one Alexander, who had
been a .companion of Antony; but Ca<snr had
sworn to put him to iliutb, und so he could not
obtain that his petition: and now he returned to
Judca again with greater honor and assurance
than ever, and nll'righted those that had expecta'
tions to the contrary, as still acquiring from hit
very dangers giseiiter splendor than before, by
the favor of (iod to him. So he prepared for
the rece{>tion of Ciesar, as he was going out of
Syria to invade Egvpl; and when he capie, he
entertained him at I'lolemais with all royal mag-
nificence. He also bestowed ^ireaentJ on the
army, and brought thcin provisions iti abundance.
He also proved to be one of Cesar's most cordial
friends, nnd put the army in array, and rode alonK
with CiPsar, and had a hundred and fifty in6n,
well apiminted in nil respects, after a rich and
sumptuous manner, for the better reception of
him and his friends. He also provided them
With what they should want, as they passed over
the dry ilesert, insomuch that they lacked neither
wine nor water, which last the soldiers stood in
the greatest neeft ol', and besides, he presented
Caisiir with eight hundred talents, and procured
to himself the good-win of them all, because he
was assisting to them in a much greater aiid
more splendid degree than the kingdom he had
obtaineil could all'ord, by which means he more
and inore demonstrated to Ciesar the firmness of
his friendship, and his readiness to assist him;
and what was the greatest a<lvantage to him wa»
this, that his liberality came at a seasonable time
also : and when they returned again out of Kgypt.
his assistances were noway inhrior to the good
'olfice%||ahad lornierly done them.
CHAP. VII. :
Ilqut Herod day) Sohcmua and Mariamnt, and
afttrtnard AUxandra and Cottobanis, and hi$
mml inlimaU /Vicjii/i, and at lait the Sons ^
Habas also.
} 1. However, when be came into his king-
doiii again, he found his, houve all in disorder.
#^-
■ ■ "p ' ■* "_'^_ "^w"* liia. •n*if»^ nil III uigonier.
and his wife, Mariamne, and her mother, Alex-
andra, very uneasy ; for, as they supposed, whet
was easy to be supposed, that they were not put-
;>*,■
_1"'
■I. *■
■W!- ■
cl.
812
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS;
1
{■(o that tirtreii [Alaxandrium] for the lecurilj
of their penoni, but ai into a fpirriaon fortheir
inipriioDincat, and that they had no power over
•oy thing, either of others or of their own al-
fain, they were ver^ imeaay; and Marianine,
iuppo»ii>^ that the fcjog'i love to her wai but
hypocritiral, and rather pn^trniled, as advanta-
Ecoui to hiniaell', than real, >hc luokrd upon it a<
fallacloun. She ulto waa grieved that he would
not allow her auy honca of aurvivine him, i( he
ihould riHiie lo any hann hiuiaelf. fshe alao ror
collected what coninianda be had formerly given
to Josvpli, inaomuch that ahe endeavored to
pUaie her ktepora, and eapecialiy Sohemua, na
well appriied how all waa in hja power. And at
the 6r»t Sohemua waa faithful to Herod, and
neglected none of the thinga he had piven him
in charge; but when the women, bv bind word*
and liberal presents, hod gained Ilia, affections
over to thciii, he was by degi-ces overcome, and
at length discovered to Ihmi all the king'a tn-
jUDCtlnna, and thia on that account principally,
that be did not ao much as hope he would come
back with tlic same uuthorily he had before^ so
that he thought he should both escape any dap-
ger from him, and supposed that he did hereby
much gratify the women, who were likely not to
be overlooked in the settling of the gorerniiient.
Bay, that they would be able to make lifm abun-
dant recompense, since they nmst cither rcieh
theioiielves, or be very near to him that should
reign. He had a, further ground of hope also,
that though Herod should nnve all the success
he could wish for, and should return again, he
could not contradict his wife in what ahe desired,
for he knew that the king's fondness for his wife
was inexpressible. These were the motives that
drew Sohemua to discover what injunctions had
been given him. So Mariaume was greatly dis-
pleased to hear that there waa no end of the dan-
gen she was under from Herod, and was greatly
uneasy at it, and wished he might obtain no
CtTort [from Cissar,] and esteemed it almost
an insupportable task to live with biiii any long-
er; and this she afterward ppenly declared, with-
out concealing her resentment.
3. And now Herod sailed home with joy, at
the unetpected good success he had had, and
went first of all, as nvas proper, to this his wife,
■od told her, and her only, the good news, as
preferring her before the fest, on account of his
fondness for her, and lUi intimacy there had
been between tbeni, and saluted her; but so it
happened, that as- he told her of the good suc-
cess he had had, she was so far from rejoicing at
it, that she rather was sorry for it; nor was she
able to conceal her resentments; but, depending
on her dignity, and the nobility of her birth, in
return for his salutations she gave a groan, and
declared evidently that she ratlier grieved than
rejoiced at his success; and this till Herod was
disturbed at her, lis aflbrding him not only marks
of her suspicion, but evident signs of her dis-
satisfaction. This much troubled him, to see
that this surprising^ hatred of his wife to him was
not concealed, but open; and he took this so ill,
and yet was so unable to bear it, on account of
the fondness he' had for her, that he jconid not
continue long in any one mind; but sometimes
was anery nt her, and-^pietinics reconciled him-
•elf to her; but by almt^s changing one passion
for another, he was still in great uncertainty.
And thus was he entan-^led between hatred and
lov^, and t\a? frequently disposed to inflict pu-
nisnment on her for her insolence towards him;
but being deeply in love with her in his soul, be
waa not able to get quit of this Woman. In short,
«i be. Would gladiv have her punished, so was
he afraid lest, ere ne were aware, he shnnhl, by
putting her to death, bring a heavier punishment
upon himself at the same time.
3. AVhen Herod's sister and mother perceive4
that he was in this temper with regard to Ma>
riamne, they thouf(ht they had now got an
cxrellcnl opimrtunily to exercise their liatred
against her, and provoked Herod to wrath by
telling him such long alories anil calumnies abpul
her, as iiiight at once excite his hatred and his
jealousy. Now, though he willingly enough heard
their words, yet had not he courage enou;$h to do
any tiling to her, as if he believed them, but
still he became worse and Worse disposed to her,
and these ill pksrions Were more and more in-
llained on both sides, while ahe did not hide her
disuoaitipn towards him, and he turned his love
to her into wrath against her. But When he was
just going to put this iiialter past all remedy, he
heard the news that Cieaar waa the victqr in the
war, and that Antony and Ocopatra were bofli
dead, and that he had conquereo Kgypt, where-
I upon he nlMde haste to go to meet Cieaar, and left
ttie aflairs of hia family in their present atate.
, However, Miriamne recommehiled Sohemua to
him, as he was setting out on his journey, and
, professed that she owed him thanks for the care
he had tajfen of her, and asked of the king for
him a place in the government; upon which an
honorable cmployinent»was bestowed upon him
nrcordihgly. Now, when Herod was come into
Kgypt, he 'was introduced to Cicsar with great
freegoni, as already a friend -of his, and received
very great | favors froili him; for he made him
a present of those four hundred Galatiana who
had been Cleopatra's guards, and restored that
country to hiiu again, which by her means had
been taken away from him. ' He alao added to
hi* kingdom, Oadara, Hippos, and Samaria; and,
beaides these, ihe maritime cities, Gaza, An-
tbedon, Joppa, and StratWs Tower.
4. Upon these new acqiiiaitions, he gre# more
roaffnificent,.and conducted Caesar as far as: An-
tioch; but upon his return, as much as his pros-
perity was augmented by the foreign additions
that had been made him, so much the gri^qter
were Ihe distresses that came upon him in liis
own family, and chiefly in the atfair of his wile,
wherein he formerly appeared to have been moat
of all fortunate; for the affection he had for Ma-
riamne was noway inferior to the affections of
such as are on tj[iat account celebrated in history,
and thia very justly. As for her, she was in
other respects a chaste woman, and faithful to
him; yet had she somewhat of a woman rough
by nature, and treated her husband imperiously
enough, because ahe saw he was so fond of her
as tolie enslaved to her. > She did not alto con-
sider seasonably with herself that she lived
under a monarchy, and that she was at another's
disposal, and accordingly would Iwhavc herself
after a saucy manner to him, which yet he
usually put off in a jesting way, and bore with
moderation and good temper. She would also
expose his mother and his sister openly, on
account of the meannessof their birtb,.and would
speak unkindly of them, insomuch, that there
Was before this a disagreement and unpardonable
hatred among the women, and it was now come
to weater reproaches of one another than for-
merly, which suspicions increased, and lasted a
whole year after Herod returned froni Ca-sor.
However, these misfortunes, which had been
kept undejMiome decency for a great while,
burst out air at once upon such an occasion as
was now offered; for As the king one day about
noon was laid down on his bed to rest nini, he
called for Mariamne, out of th^great affection he
had always, for her. She came in accordingly,
but would not lie down by him: and when he was
very desirous of her company, she showed her
contempt of him; and added,by way of reproach,*
* Wherein Mariamne IS here represciited as reproach-
ing Herod with the murder oflier father [Alexander,]
as well 01 her brother [ Aristobulua,] while it was iier
/-
T>
BOOK XV.— CHAP. VII.
313
(bat he liad cuuwii bcr father and her brother tu
baoliiin. And when ho lauk thit injury very
ankiiidly, and wu> ready to n^v violence to her,
in a precipitate manner, the kini^'snitter, Salome,
obterviitg that he tva< mure than ordinarily dii'
Curbed, lent in to the kinu his cup-lu'nrer, who
had been |trc|)ar«d long uet'orchand lor inch a
Uciiign, and bude him tidl the king, how Mari-
auioe bad per»uaded him to prive Lii niirttancc
in preparing a Mb potion forliim; onri il' he a|>-
pear to be greatly concerned, and to tuk what
lliat love polibu was? to tellhiiu, tlint the had
(be potioti, and that he km desired only to give
U him: but thai in case he. did not appear to bo
much concerned at thia potion, to let the, thing
drop, and that il' he did so. no harni should
thereby couie to him. When ibe hail given him
these instructions, she s> iii him in at this time to
make such a speech. So be went in, nflcr a
composed ninnner, to gain ri'edit f what lie
thould say, aiid yet souiewhut hastily, and (aid,
that '*iMariamue had given him presents, and
pcriuaded him to give him a love potion." And
when this uiov«d the' king, he said, that "Ihit
love potion was n composition that she had given
bim, whose ellccts be did not know, which wiis
the reason of his risiilying to give him tliis in-
formation, a» llic sal'est eoiirse he could take,
both for hiinsclf.ami fur Ihd king." When lltrod
heard what he said, an(l was in an ill dis|iusition
before, his iniligiia'liun grow n)ore violent; and
be ordered that ciiniich of Alariamuc who Was
most faitliful to hti'r, to be broMg)i(>' to torture
about this potion, as well knowing r^waa not pos-
aible that any thing snml! or great could be done
without him. Ami vvhcn the man was under the
UtniO!!t agonies, he ciiuld say nothing concerning
the thing he was tortured about, but. so far he
knew that Mariamne's hatred against him was
occasioned by somewhat that Sobemns bad said
to her. Kow, as he was saying this, llerod cried
out aloud, and said, Ittat " Suhemus, who had
been at all other times most faithful to him, and
to bis government,' would not have betrayed
what injunctions he had given him, unless he had
had a nearer cooveriiation than ordinary with
Mariamne." So h^ gave ordef that Sanemus
•hould be aeizcd on and slain iiiimediately ; but
he allowed his wifiik to take her trial ; and got
together those that Were most faithful to bun,
ani4 laid an elaborate accusation against her for
thn love potion and composition, which had been
charged upon her by way of caluniny only.
However, be kept no temper in what be said,
and was in too great a paision for judging well
about this matter. Accordingly, when the court
wai at length satisfied that he was so resolved,
they passed the sentence of death upon her; but
when the sentence was passed upon her, this
temper wat suggested by himself, and by some
Others of the court, that she should not be thus
hastily put to death, but be la'id in pri:>on in one
of the fortresses belonging to the kingdom: but
Salome and her parly labored hard to have the
Woman put to ueatn; and they prevailed with
the king to do so, and ail vised this out of caution,
lest thn^multitude should be tumultaous if she
were 'suffered to live; and thus was Mariamne
led to execution.
5. When Alexandraobserved how thinga went,'
and that there were small hopes that she herself
ihould escape the liki|^reatment fiom Herod,
the changed her beharior to quite the reverse
of what might have been expected from her
former boldiiesi, and Mi after a *ery indecent
manner: for out of her desire to ahovr how en-
tirely ignorant she was of the crimes laid againit
Mariamne, the leaped out of her place, and re-
proaf^bed hi-r daughter |n the hearing of all th*
people; arid cried out, thnt "Hhe liairh<<4-n un ill
wunun and un;<;mti lul toiler liiisbnml, and that
her |nihiahiii<.'iit cHiiie jiMlly upon lirr, fur such
her insolrnt behavior, for ihni she bad not made
proper returns to him who had bci'n ihiir com-
mon brnefui'tcir." 'And when she hud fur tome
time acted after this liy]»icritii'al niannir, and
been to outrageous at to tear hir hair, this in-
decent and dns'iiililiiig bchatior, at wat to b« ''
ex|)«ctcd, WHS greatly couilemnrd by tlic rest of
the s|iectators, ajs it was priiicijially In- the poor
woman who was to tiiller; forat the fir«t she gave "
her not a word, Vior was diti-onipoaed at her
|>eevi»hnes8, and only looked at hii ; yet <lid she,
out of a griatnrfs ul soul, discover In r concern
for her inother't i.fleiicf, and especially for her
exposing herself in a niannrr so uiibrconiiog^.'
her; hut. as for herself, tliu went to lirr death
with an unshaken firmness of iiiiiid, and witliout
changing the color of her face, and 'thereby
evidently discovered the nobility of her descent
to the spectators, even in the last moments of
her life.
<j. And thus dtcil Mariamne, a woman of an
excellent cJiararIrr, both for cliastity and great-
iiei>s of soul ; but she wanted moderation, and
had too much of contention in her nature, yet
had she all that can be'said in the beauty of her
body, and her niiijt'stic aiiptHirance in conversa-
tion; and them^e arose tli« greatest part of the
occasions why slie did nut prove so airri'eable to
the king, nor live to pleasantly with Tiiiii, as she
might otherwise have doiie; for while she waa
most indulgently used by the king, out of^ii
fondness to Iter, aivd did hot'exptct that be could
do any hard thing to her, she took too unbounded
a liberty. Moreover, that which most alBicted
{ her was, wha*. he had done to her relalicjnt; and
i slio ventured to tpcak of all they bad suffered
by him, and at last greatly provoked both' tlie
king's mother and si^itvr, till they became ene-
mies to her; and even he himself also did the
same, on whom ulone «he depended for her ex-
pectations of escaping the last of punishmenti.
7. liut when she was once dead, the king's
affections for her were kindled in a more out-
rageous manner than before, whose old passion
for her we have :drc:idy described; fur his love
to her was not of a calm nature, nor such afVra
usually meet with among other husl>ands, fur at
its commencement it was of ah enthusiastic kind
nor was it by their long cohabitation, and fre^
conversation together, brought under, his power
to manage; but at this time nit love to Mariamne
seemed to seize bim in tuch a peculiar manner,
at looked like divine vengeance upon him for
the taking away her life, for he would frequently
call for her, and frequently lament for her in a
niott indecent manner. Moreover, he bethought
him of every thing he could make ute of to divert
his mind from thinking of her, and contriviea
feasts and assemblies for that purpose, but lio-
thin^ would tuffice; be therefore laid aside tha
adinihitlration of public affairs, and was to far
conquered by his passion, that he would i}rder
his tcrvanti fo call fur Mariamne, at if she were
still alive, and could still hear them. And when
lis was in this way, there arose a pestilential
disease, Ihat carriiin off the. greatest part of fhe
multitude, and of his best and most esteemed
friends, and made all 'men suspect that this was
brought upon them by the anger of God, for the
injustice that had been done to Mariamne. This
circumstance affected the king still more, till at
length^e forced himself to go into desert places,
and tnm, under prctenre of going a, Imnting,
bitterly atSicted hiiuself; yet had be not boriM
gnndfather Ily rcanua, and not her fsthea Alexander, ! reading, whkblsbere granifathtr rlgtitly, or elaa «•
whom be caused to he slain, (as Joseplius himself In- must, as before, ch.i. sect.], show a slip of Joeaphoa^
tatam us, d>. ▼). sect, a,) wc most either take Zonarat [ pan or meiaory hi the place befbie oa
61'-
814
ANTIQUITIRS OF THE JEWS.
hit gxttt llxre iiird^ dayi bcrorn he fell into a
Bioi« dangeriiuadOilciupcr hiiimi'ir: he had nnin-
flaniiliatiuii u|Hy1iiiii, mid a (laiii in the hindvr part
of hn head, jmimd with iiMnt-n*; and fur Ui«
_ I < riiifdiet that were uied, Ihpy did hiin no tnwl
a. ..II, but prutcd coiilrary tu hit cnne, and lo at
length broUKht hint to diipair. All the nhyii-
citoauliio that were abuiit him, partly bccaune
the mediciuttthey broUKht fur hia recovery could
' not at all conquer the iRaeaae, and partly becauie
bia diet could be no other than what hi« diieaie
inclined hiia to, deaired liini to eat whatever be'
had a mind to, and inlel't the iniall hopci thfey
had of hia recovery in the power Of that diet,
■nd committed him to fortune. And thua did hia
^ diatemiter |;o on while he wa'i at Samaria, n<nv
called Sebnate.
8. Now Aleiandra abode at thia time! in Jeru-
lalem, and lieing informed what rondition^llerod
Was ill, ahe endcnvured to Ret poaaesaion of the
. fortified placet that were aliout the city, which
■ ■ were^two", the one belonging to the city ilwlf,
the other belonging to the temple; and thoae
that could get them into tiicir hands had the
whole nation under th«ir power, (pr without the
coiiimand'uf thrni it wu» not noaaible to olfer
their aacrifiei^; and to think of leaving uf)' ihnae
,«BCrificea, ja to every Jfcw plainly iinpoaaible,
.>«^'wli<> are atill more ready to loae their live*- than
-» to leave od' that divine worahip which they have
- bcctt wuut to pay unto (iod. Alexandra, there-
fore, diacourted wfth thoae that had the keeping
of theae itrong holda, that it Wa« proper for tlieiii
tu deliver thcaaine to her, and to Herod's <iinnH,
lest, upon hia death, any other person ahuuhl
(eize upon the goTernment; and that ulioii his
recovery none could keep thcni more aakly for
him than those of his own family. These words
were not by them at all taken in good uiirt; and
as they had been in former times faithful £to
Herod,] they resolved to continue so more than
ever, both becauiie they hated .Alexandra, and
because th^T .thought it a sort of impiety to de-
■, . apair of I^erod't recovery while W waa yet
■live> for tliey had been his old friends; and one
of them, whose name waa''Achiabus, waa his
■ • cdutin-genuan. They sent messengers, there-
^ fore, to. acquaint him with Alexandra's desipi^
ao he made no longer delay, but gave- orders to
have her aUin; jret was ft still with difficulty,
and after he had endured great pain, that he got
clear of his distemper. He ^as Uill aorely afi.
eicled both in mind and body, and made very un-
«aHr, and readier than ever upon all'dccasioirs to
inflict punithinent upon those that fell iinder his
hand. He \ also tjew the most intimate of his
- friends, CoaA>banis, and Ly simachlis, and ijadias,
who was alsd called Antipater; ar also Dos ithem,
and that upob the following occasion.
9. Coitobai'ut was an Idumean by birth, and
;' one of principal dignity among them, and otio
whose ancestoiV had been priests to th^ Koie,
whom the Idumeans had [formerly] esteemed as
• god; but a(ltci\Hyrcanu8 had made achangein
their p<flitical government, and made them re-
.:, , ceive the Jewish' <:uatoms and law, Herod made
'. Costobarus governor of Idumen and Gaza, and
gave him his sisteir Salome to wife^ and this>w%s
upont his ilaughteit of [his uncle] Joseph, who
"iS.^b'l?*' Epveanroeiit before, as we have related
aJreaajr. When Coatoba^uj had gotten to be sp
* ^ere is afilain exaihple of a Jcwiib lady givini a
-MU of divorce (b her husband, thoH|;h iii the Vava of Jo-
teptaui-itwat not by the Jewa esteemed lawful for a
w^anaotodo.' See tUe like amo«Kthe Parthians,
Attllii. h. xvlli. eh. Ix. aectl 0. However, the Wiiistinn
law, when it allowed divotce for adultery, Malt, v^ 32,
allowed the hinoeent wlfi* to divorce her guilty hu7
Ba nd, as well aa tlie Innocent huaband lo divorce his
aulliy wiite, as we learn frodi the ahephcrd of Hermai;
Hand. b. Iv. and from the Mcond apology of jusflrt'
■artyr, where u peraKutioii ma» brought upon the
Christiana upon auch a divore^; and I think the Roinan
Uwa yeniltled it at that Uii«^«i well ai the lawi of
highly advanced, it pleated hire, and was niort
IhHn he hopt'd fur, and he «y"* mom and nmra
pulled up by bin good aucceat, and in n little
wnile hc-exri'i'di'd all bounds, and did nut think
fit t(> obey what Herod, as Ihrir ruler, roinmand-
ed hint, or that the Idiiineana shuuhi make uteof
the Jrwiah cutloiiia. or be subject to Ibfin. lie
therffure Sent to Clcojiatra, and informed her
that the Idumeana had been always under his
urogenitora, and that for the aanin reaaon it waa
but juat that ahe shouhHIesil^ that country for
him of Antflny,.for that he was ready to, transfer
his friendship to her; and this he did, 'not be-
cauac he was better pleased ru be uhdcr (Mtopa-
tra's governnirnt, ,but because he lhouf;lit that,'
upon the diminiitiun of Herod's power, it wguld-
not be difficult fur him to obtain biintelf the en-
lire |;overniiient over the Idumeans, and some-
what more also; for he raised hir hones atill
higher, as having no small pretences, both by his
birth and by Ihuiie riches which he hitd gotten
hy his constant attention- to filthy lucre; and ac-
cordingly it was not a small matter that he aim-
ed at. So Cleopatra desired (hi* country of An-
tony, but failed of her purpose. An account oT
this was brought to Herod, who was thereupon
ready to kill Costobaras, yet upon the entreaties
of his sister and niolher, he forgave him, and
vouchsafed (»■ pardon him entirely, though he
still hud a suspicion of him afterward lor this
his attempt.
10. liut some time afli^ward, whei^ Salome'
happened to i|i|arrcl with Costobarus^ she sent
hini a bill of divorce,* and dissolved her mar-
riage with him, though this was not according to
the Jewish laws; for with m4t is lawful for a
husband to do so; but a wife, tf she departs froiii
her husband, cannot of herself be married to an-
other, unless her fornier hutlrand put her away.
However, Salome chose not to follow the law o^
her country, butthc Uw of hfer authority, ntui w>
renounced her wedlock; and told her brother
Herod, that the left her husband out of her good-
will to him, because she perceived that jie, with
Antipater, and Lysiniachus, and Positheus, were
rallying a sedition againat him: as an Evidence
whereof, she alleged the case of the sons of lia-
bna, that they liaj been by him preserved alive
alreadv for the interval of twelve years; wKich'
proved to be true. But when Herod thus uWei-
pctedly hearil of it, he was greatly surprised at
it, and was the more surprised, because t|u! , re-
lation appeared incredible to him. As foF the^
fact relating to these tont /if Babat, Herod had
formerly taken ^teat pains to brinjf them to pu-
nishment, as lieing ciiemipt to hit government,
but they were now forgotten by him, on account
of the Mgth of time [since he had ordered them
to be slainT] Now, thecaute of hit ill-will and
haHecJ-'to-theni arose hence, that while Antigo-
nut yas king, Herod *iih hit army besieged flio
cily'of JerUsaUm, ivhtre the distress and mise-
ries' which the besieged endured were to prest-
ing,' that the greater number of them invited
Herod into the ci'tyj and already placed their '
hopes onhhn. Now, the sons of Babas were of
great <lignity, pnd tiad power among the hiulti^ •
tude.'ann wer* faithful to Antigonua, and Wcr*
always raising calumnfes against Herod, and en-
couraged thepeopje to preserve the rDverniiieiit
to that royal family 4vhich held it by inheritance.
Christianity. Now this Babaa,'wbo waa oneof itae
raqeortlie Atmoneana or Maccabees, aathe latter end
of thb iceliOB informaut. It related by the Jewt,sa Or.
Iludadn hefb remarks, to have been ao eminently rell-
glona in ;lie Jewish way, that except the day following "
the lembofTisrit the great dav of atonement, when be
■eema to havetupposed allhiaiini entirely fomiven,'
heute d every d a y of t li o Wlwlc year to olf er a sat rl fi ee —
.for hia tint of isnorallfce, Ar tueh aa be tuppoaed he had
1ieenguHtyor,-&ut did not distinctly remember. See
aomewhiit like :t of Agrippa tUeGreal, Aatk]. b. III. eU
tU.ieet.3;aDd Jobi.4,$. . » .
■■.■■ ■■■A " ■■, ■
BOOK XV.-i.CH/tP. viir.
^^
le gnirt, unu lo (iTUHr^ inr I'll), <n<<i tnotn cm-
:n< tli.nt wvre |;uiltjr, «ii>l ol llii' (larlV oppoiito
I thcLliiiig, iniRht ii(>(g<t liut ui it, ('antobarui
sinR ix'iiiibli' Innt (hv noiii of llnliaa were had
Sa thei« men acteil tlial |)olili(%'ftl^ .^.nnd, an tli«v
thouKlit, liir tlif^ir own a<lvnntiij;r: lint when tim
city wiia tnken, and ll^nxi ImiI (;ulti'n the go-
Ternnivut into hit own hanilt, nnd Coilobarui
wat apiiuintrd to hinder luni Irciii |i.'iiiiiinK out at
the gntrt, und to (iruHM ihr illy, (hiil thotn citi
Km
to
beinB
in rca|MCt and honor l>y thV' tvholn multitude,
andiuppoiing that their prtstrviilion might bo
ol' great adviintnge tii^^hfili in the rhiingri of ^o-
vernnirnt ufterwurd, he sattheiu by tlieniMttvet,
'and cunccnied them in hli o\vn rnrm»; and when
'the tiling; wai mmpccted, lie Dnnunxl Jleriid upon
onth that he really knew nnthiniK nl' that matter^
and lo overeniiic the nuspiiioiis that lay upon
hiins nay, after thut,-nlieh the kini; liail iiublrcly
propuaed a reward o( the Aiscovnry , mid tiad put
in practire idl giirls ul' iiitlhudii liir •enrchiiif; out
tliia matter, he would -not cuiilViia it, but being
peraundeil that wii^n he had at lint denied it, il
the iBj-n were found, he aliobld nut emnpc iiiipu-
aiaJied, he wiia forced to keef< llieui acrri ti «'>t
inly out of hia )^OMt-u'ill to thein,"birt olitof n iie-
CBiiaiiry rcfjiird to liia own preservutioii id«o;
but wlien ihe king knew the thin); by |fia 4iiater'»
information, he lient men to the placca wlwrv lie
had the inliniotion thev wire (ioii^euled, and or-
dered both them, and tliose that wcni-accused na
gtiilty ,witb them, to be eliiin, inmniiieti that
there were now none at all l< ft of lh<> kindred of
Hy/canua, and thelinftdolu waa entirely in lle-
rucFt own power, aiid llii n) wiia nobody reniain-
ina of sui'n dignity na louhl put.u stop to wliat
he^d againat tbe Jewish lawa. x
CHAi'. viir.
^pM>. Ttn JUen of Iht Cilizeni [of Jtrusaltm']
made a Cantfirucijaifainil Heroil,fiir the J'u-
rtign fracticti ht haii itilrodinitl, whicliviasa
Transirreisian nf titt l.ains of I inir Country.
Coacerniitf: the Ijiiildini; of Selmste and Cusu-
rta, and other ivi/i/kcj iif lletod.
■ \\. On this account it was that llerod Tc^^h-
ed from the laws of his eouiiliy; a»id corrupt^
their ancient conatitulion, by ll'ie iutroductiuuof
foreign practices, wliicli ^'oiialitution yet oiy;hl. to'
' have Decn preserved inviolable; by which means
we became guilty of, great- uickediieaa ajjter-
ward, while those religious obaervuncea which
U«ed to lead tile mult,itude to piety, were now
neglected: for, in the lirat place, iie ap|wiiittd
toleinn games to be celebratcii^every llfth year
in honor of Cxsar, and built a tjientre at Jeru.
•aleni, as also 'a very great aiijphitheatre in the
plain, liotli of theni were inuu)^ costly works
out opputite to tliiQ Jjtwish iiou^ns; for we have
ha<| no such shows. deliveredyfowirrcr,UMns lit tc
be usctlppr exhibited by u»; «et did jie celebrate
_ these games every live year^in the moat sojeiun
'•■sbspRndid manner. ,Ile also made proclania-
tion to the neighboring Cbuaitriea, and cuUjed
men together out of every nation. The wres-
tlers nTao, and the rest of those that strove for the.'
prises in such gnines, were invited out of every
land^bolh by the" hopes of the rewards there to
be blstowed, and bv the glory of victory to be
. (here, gained. 'So the principal persons that were
Jhe iiiost eminent in tiieae sorts of cstercisca, wet«
: gotten together, for. there were very ^reat rip-
waMS for victory popoaed, not only to'thoije
t.hinPperformed their exercises , naked, but to
those that played as .musicians' also, and were
called Thymelici; and )ic spared no pains to id-
* These granil . playsfand shows, and TkvmtUei^
nlisic nicetlnjB, and (harlot races, when the rliarioti
Irere ilrnwii li$r two, three, or four pair nf horses, 4tc.
InstUutdil hy Herod in his tliealres, were MlU, as we see
here, looked on |iy the suiier ,Jews as heathenish sports,
•n< tendinis, to corrupt tho manners of the Jewish ha-
UonVMit to bnng them in luve *itb Paf anish idoli^jr
ni5
i\wo all piT^in', the moil faiiioua f..r «uch e»er.
ri<i«, l.i cniiii (., tlii« r.iiile>l fur \ictury. ilo
also prof(ii«i iliii) liiiiuU rewarda l.ir llui.e who
ran l.ir llii- priiii in chariot' races, «\lien Ihey '
were drawn bv two, or llifec, or I'.nir. p;iir of '
horaes. He aU i iiiiii.itid CMiy thiiH^, lliiiugh
ever «o coallv nr inajjiiilirejit, i'li iilhi r iiatioiia,
out of an niiibilliiij that be iniglit give iii(i..t pub-
lic deiuonatratinn of Ilia giamleur. liHCriptinn*
alao of the great aclioiia ol'l'aaar, aliil tiiHiliii a
of Ihoae nutiona wh|i'li he had CiHic|iii'ri d in his
wars, und iijl iiiiide ol ihe pun -l gold ami >i|vet.
encompas'Mfd llii^' thcalie' ilaili: nm' h.i.< tliere
any thing that ci;uld be aiibaenit iil lo Im dr^igii,
whether it were precious garnieiiti or prniinis
stones B»t in order, which utialmt alati e\pii»ed
to sight ill these gniiiia. tlu had aUo inude «
great preparaiiiin of wild beaKla, ami of li.uw
theinselvi a in grrat abundance, and of aurh ii|lii r
beaats as were eiljier of uncommon alrcnglh, or
of such a sort as were rarely seen.' The-V' were
prepiired eithei- to fight one withnnollii r,ar that
uicii who were coiidiinned In death ivel< to fight
with tlicm. And truly foreigners were grinlly
Hiir|triaeil and delighted at the vaalntvw of the
exiM^nses hero exhilHted, anil at |lve great dan-
gers that wire here seen; but to natural Jews,
this was no beller than a diaaolutinii* of th<i«e
cuatuma (or which they hud ao great a venera-
tion. It nppenri'd also no better than an iiialaiice
of barefaced impietv, lo throw men lo wild bruats,
for the MlTording delight to the spertntpra; and
it appeared an instance of no less iiiipii ly, to
change their own lat«s for such foreign exer-
ciaea; but, iiUirc all the rest, the tropliiea gave
moat diatnatc to the Jews; for us they iiimgined
tlieiii to be images, included. within 'the nriiior
lliilt hung couniT about them, t^ey w-cre soNlyN
diapleaaed at them, because it was not the cut^
lofii of their country to pay honors to Siich
iiiiagiyi. ^ ^
2. A'or was Hernd uHaci|uaintcd witfi the dis-
turbance they Wh|«.4inder; and as he thought it
unsenaonable to u>«! Vijkjite with Ihciii, So he
spoke to sonic of theli) f^-way of conaolatioii
and ill order to free theifKfroui thut auperalitinui
fear they were under; yet^could not he, aatial'y
iheiii, but they cried out with ti^ie accoril, otit ol
their great unenaineaa at the olTen'ei^a lliiy tlunight .
he had been guilty of, that ulthou^ llioy should
Ihi^ik of bearing all the rest, yet wouliixthey never '
bear images .of men in their city, iiieiuiing the
trophiea. because this waa diaagreenbleto the
laws of thVtir country. JVow when llerotT aaw
them in such' a disorder, and that they woulihniit
easily change their resoliilion unless tliey i^
ceived satiataotion in thia point, he called lo him ^
the nio.'«t eiiiiiicnt men among them, and brought
them U|>ou the theatre, and showed them the tc6>
phies, and asked them, what sort of things they
to(d( these tl-o|)hies tp be? and when they: cried
out, that they were the images ■oF.inen, he gave
order that they should be stripped of these out-
ward ornnmcnts which were about them, and
shvwed tbein (he naked pieceji of wood ; which
pieces of wood, now without any omaiii«nta, be>
came matter of great spol-t and laughter to them,
becatise they had before always the ornament* dt
images thcmseltes in derision.
3. When therefore Herod had thus got clearof
the multitude, and had dissipated the Tebeniendjr
of passion under whtcti they bad been, the great-
est part of the people were disposed to changQ i
their conduct, and not to l|^ displeased at him any
longed; but still sgme of thein continued in <he{r
displeasure against him for the introduction of
anil Paganish rnnilurt nf life, htittn thf illsrolattOB of —
the laWof Moseki and aCCordin(lx were greatly lad
justly condemned by them, as appears here aiid every
where else lA Josephu^. Nor is the case of pur modera
muqueradea, plays, speraa, and the pompi and TUiiliei
of this wicked world, of an* belter teodeney i ~
CbriMliBity. . '
av
310
ANTIQUITIES OF THE fF.WS.
J
new ni»loiiii, mill Mtcertfrrt iIm? Ti<ilalioii of Iho law*, rnnkcdt rod »ny fn«i«r to thrnijhiit ho kttti
lawi III' llii'ir cuuiitr^ ai likfly tii lif llir iiri^hr' aln iif^thtiirll liiinxlf after a iiioir nfriiri' niiiiir'
of very prnil iiiiiclMrfi lu llieln, no tlml lliiy iirr, liiiil riKnlviil io^encoiiiiiiidi flii'/ niiililli|(li<,
decniiil II mi iii»lmice of pii-ly rnllicr In liamrd .evi'ry wny, loul nucli iiiHovatiyiiiiliuulii-fml in uii
tliciiiii<lii'ii^t» bi' |iiit tiiiliiit)!,] Iliiiii to •mil 119 u|i(ii ritl)>iMiiiii.*' /
if lltry liiuk nil niillcv of llfrud, nli<v]i|iuii the ! £, Hince, llirrcfiirr, hr hail itnw (he city forli^
cliaii)(ti ill their pivirnitii'iit, iiiti:odi«id' iitidi { (icil liy thi! .iml:ire iii tvliicli lie tiTiMi, iinil by the
cuiluiiu, Hiiil tliHt ill n viiilrnt iiilimirr. whicli \ li'iiiplc, wiiich had n alron|r fortrra^ liy it, tulliil
they had n«vn- bun utiI to bt'forv; a» indeed in ^ Anlonia, mid win rfbnill, l)y hiiviyi'll/ he ninlri-
iiretenr.it n kiii)^, but in rriilily one (hut Hhowi'd | vtd to ninki' Suinariiia fortrrt* fcif hiumrll iiho
liiniirif un ciiciiiy to their ivliulc imtiuii ; on which , iif^ainat all thn people, an|l rnlled'it Scliiiati', kimi-
nccoiiiit tin uii'ii tlliit were citiiin* [of Jcrima- | Jiosinf; tlint thia pliire would hen Kt4'iiiiji> Imld
leiii] coBJiiircd togi^lhlir ii^iimt liini, and swore I Ji^^i^ist the country, not infcriiir li> »lie foriiier.
to one aiiolher t»miKlcr)5o any dBiigirs intlrn at- j So he fortified that plnce, which wna « ilny'»
, tempt, nnil Ipot ilangers with them under* their i jifturncy distant friHn Jeruuk-ni, uiiil whiili
carui>'lili,,>[1'or the piirpnte of kUlin))^ Herod.] would lie uneful to liiin inconiinon, to kiep.liolh
?iow there waf « i5ertiiin blind man iiiiiong thoic the country and the city in awe. lie id»i> budi
cjiMlipiralors, who had thin iwotn one 10 another, another fortiv,!* for the whow niitioii; it was of
dii iiccouiit of the indignation h« had againit old called Siralo't Tower, bm waa by him named
what he heard to have liiren done; he w»a not
indeed able to ad'urd the reit any H>«istaiice in
the undcrtnkinf^, but waa ready tu undergo any
lUHerini' with thcui, if ao lie thrv ahould come
to any liarin, ittaoimich, that he beciuiie a very
great eiicouniKer of Ihn ri-at of the undertnkcrt.'
* 4. VVhen they had taken thia reaoliiiion, and
(hat by common ronacnt, they went into the thea-
tre, hopiiijE; that, in thwfirat place.llerod hiniaelf
. could not eacape them, aa they ahoyld fall Ufwn
hiRi ao unexpectedly; and aupponJVE;. however,
that if they iniaaed hini, (hey ahonid kill d ^r^'at
luany of |lio~ar that were about hini^ aud thia re-
■olutioD' they took, ihbiigh they alionid die for it,
in order to auggeat to the kins what injiiriea he
had done to the multitude. Thcae rtmnpiratoM,
' therefore, atandiiis (liua/prepared befurelinnd,
went about the^..deaign with threat nlnciity ; but
there W8» diic j^tn^ae spiea of Herod, "that weMi
■pjioiiited for^iich purposes, to fiah out iind iiir
form him of any coDapiracica that ahould be made
Bg;aii)»t hiin, who found out the whole airuir, ond
(old the king of it, aa lie waa about to f;o into (he
theatrt. So when he rellected on tne hatred which
be knew the greate.it part of the people bare liim,
•nd on the diaturbuncea that aroae upon every
occaaion, he thought thia plot egaintt him not to
be improbable. Accordinjjly, hk.retircd into hia
palace, and called tboac (hut were acciiaed of thia
conipiracy. before hini by their several names;
and as, upon tlie gimrdl fulling upon them, they
ailed
thete
yere caught in the very facl.iiiid knew they could/ compassed the city with a wall of great'strengti .
not eacape, thev prepared, theniselvea for Ihe/r and imide use of the ncclivitr of the* place for
enda with all tlie decency .they could, and aVaa making i(a fortifications stronger^ nor was the
not at all to recede from t)^ir renolute behaytor.
, for tbcy showed no ahanie.for what they /were
about, nor denied it, but when they wer««cized,
they showed their daggers, and prnfea^ed, that
"toe conapiracy, they had swOrn to was>a holy
anda pioua action; fhat,what they i<itended to
do w*( not foi* gain, or nut of any indulgence
to their passions, but princi|mllv for those coiit-
oioit cintoma of their country which all (be Jews
werc'obliged to ob8en:e,or to dj6 fur them. This
ii what these men said, out of (heir undaun(eU
courage in tbjt conapiracy. /.So (her were led
-away to execution b<|r the king's guafdt that (tood
^ut them, and patiendyifnijerwent all (he tor-
went! inQicted on tbem till ttiej^aied. Nor wai
it long before that ip/ Who liaddi^boverisd them
was seiied' on by ■onM'^of (he people, out of the.
hat^d they bore tohim, and wai not only slain
by them, but pulled to pieces limb froilii limb,
■ad given to the dogs. This execution was sc^q
by many of'the citizens, yet would iftt'bpe of
^. them discover the doer* of it; (lit upon;nerod's
vakingastrkt scrutiny after them, bj bitter and
tevere tortures, certain women that were tortur-
, c o iife rta d wh a t th t y had a ecn done) the au - '
Ciesarea. Moreover, he cUoso oiiV iioifle m h c(
horaenien, and piqml theui in the i(reat pluiii;
and built [for tliein] a place in (ialder,
Gaba, with iieaehniiitin, /tn I'ereii. And
weni the places whii'h/he jiiarliculurU buill,
while he was always invfnting aonieHhiit' farther
for his own »eciiri»j,/niid einompiining llii:
whole nation tvilh giiiiwlH, that they iiil^hl by ho
means get from under his power, "nor fidl inl<>
tumults, which theyy did eontiiiiiiflly upon any
ahinll conimiilioii; n^l that if they itid iiiiike any
couimotions be niiglM kiioiv of it.'trhilr some oV
hia apiea might b<j' U|>ou them from 'the neigh-
borhood, itiid inig^t both be able ir> know what
they were atlenipliiig, aiiJt' to prevent it. And
wl)vn he went ijboiil Ijni^din^ the wall of Siiin;v
ria, be contrived to briug thither inuiij of tlio't
that had beeii/ili*4i'«ting to hini in lii!< u'ar^, mid
niany of the/people rn that ivigiiborhnuiliilio,
whom lie /tiiii^le fellun-ciliiens with the ri »l.
Tliis he did out of an ainbi^liousdeMireof buililin);
a tt'iuplfN and 'out (if a desire to lunku the cily
more enmieirt tliiiii it had been before, fin t piin-
ripally /iiecuiisc ^ic contrived that it might ut
onc^^i f.ir his ow^naenirity, and ajnoiiunient of
hi» niftgniliceiice. 'He iiNo changed its nunn;, iniil
i-.illrti it Sebasle. Moreover, he parted the^iiil-
joiiling.coiintiy, which was excellent iiiVita kfiid,
iWiong the inhabitants of Saninria, tliiit thoy
flight be in a happy cqmlilion, .upon their first
coming to inhabit it. IScshles nil which, he ei-
compass of the jdnco made now »o siti'all ns it
jiad been before, but was au<'li as rendertiifeit n0(
inferior t^lie nio>t iiiinous cities; fur it wa3
twenty fonpngs in circumference. Now, within
and about \tlie igiddle of it be built a ^cred
place, of a furlong amKa' half [ia circuit,] and
adorned it with all sorts of ilecoratMna, iind
therein erected a temple, ivhich was illustrkiuj
on account of«l)o(h its lar^eUeaa and beauty.
And as to tliesevcndjiarls ol^thecity, he adorned
them Yvlth' decoratioiinKof all'sorta also; ancl.as
to what was neceaanry "^to provide for hia own -
security, he Made the walls, very strong for tliat
pur|iO80,'Hnd made it, for the greateat part, a ci-
.tadel; and as to the elegance 6f the buildings, it
was takjn care of also, tliatjiie nifght leave nionu-
nicntsof the fineness of hia tasted, and of his i*>
neficence, to futare ages. . ' -•'.;,
V ♦-' '■ [: : CHAP, ixf "■■■;'. " ' ."»■...'" j'>
I ■ ■ ■, ■ 1* ,
Conetrnin^ M'e Famine that happtnedin JuJia
and Syna; dnd how Herod, after he hadmar-
ried another lV\fe, rebuilt Ca:Mdrea,.and other
Grecian (Htirt. . : : _
\
hin
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wfa
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wa
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pel
An
i(a
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i
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*
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t'
A
^
thors of/which fact were lo terribly punished by
the kijig, that their entire faniiliet were ^estraj^
ed fer'thi^ their lash attempt; yet did not (be
innacy of the people, and that undaunted
^DitMcy they,, ifaowed in the defence of their
Jl. Now on this rcryjrcar, whieh was (he
thirteenth yearif the reign of Herod, Very great
calamitici! came upon the country; whether they
jvere derived from the anger of God;, or whether
thif niiserv tetaritt again naturally in certain
BOOK XV.-*CIIAP. IX.
317
\
Cot |iliiri- thiri!.
rolml rt'iMuii (h«
periotli qC time;* fur in llic
wero per|Mtuill (lfi>U|{hli, nud t'ur
grouml «t^i liurreii. aiul tlitl mil liriii)(. forth (lie
•line uuarility ot^if that it uaril (o pruilure;
and niter thi< burr/iiiii-.u of l\»: •nil, tliHt change
of food wliich thf Wait of com nccmioncil, pni-
duccd diii(C'iii|i«ri in- the bixlio Bfoiuvu, nnd •
iiriinciaiul diaciite |)rt>ttili!cl. uniijHyfy I'ollcnv-
mg U{)0M lh« bnvk of mother; anIBlrliv ciniiiii-
itmici-t.lhit they wercfdeititutr buiTi uCmethoili
of cure aird of fiXHJ, niiiilv llle iiintilviitlnl ilis-
Iciiiper, which bcjjaii al'lcr a viqltiit umiiiHT, the
luocc UsliuK. 'I'be dcslnictiuiiDf iiuii ii(«u iifttr
iuch a iitaiiiicr dcpi'ived 4 hone t hut (urvived- nl
all their courage, briiiini! lluy luid no wuy 4o
provide reiiHicliin ^ullicicnt for the dLlnNVKiluy
were in. VVlienJ-lurtfuri! the I'ruiln of that jj-iir
weie iiiuiU'd, and' »hiiUo<'vir they had liiiu np
befureiiand tvni )i|ivnt, there wun uo foundulij)n
of hope for relief reiiiuinii)^, but the iiiitVry, con-
trary to wh»l lliey exiiecled.itlill iurreiiteii yiuoi
tbem; unil. (Ids not only in thuf yiiir, while iLy
had niithiuj; for theniMjven lefl'i|t the cn^ <9''
but whut aced they had town perinheil id«o, by
reaiun uf the ground ivit yieldin); its fruitt on
the second yciirf Thi« tii»lres« they Were in
made Iheui uI.mi, out oftieceitaily, lo ent many
things thiit ilid not n«c iu bueuteu; nor was the
Jiing hinlscif free front this diHireis iiiiy nuire
than other iniii, ut being deprived of thai tri-
bute lie UNcd to have iruni (he fruits of the
grpuiid, and Inivin!^ already expended what mo-
ney be had; in hin^fdiendity to those A hose cities
lie had built; nor had he aiiy people that Wero
worthy of his assistance, since this miserable
(late of thin!|s had procured him the luitred of
l.is subjects, for it is a constant rule, (hat misfor-
tunes are still laid to the account of those that
govern.
2. In these circuinstinces he considered with
himself how to prOfur« some seasonahlu^elp ;
bilt this was a hard thing to be done, while their
' lieighbors had r > food to setl Iheni, uiid their
money also wa» , >ne, had it been possible to^
pufebase alittlu ti).. I at a great price. Jluwever,
he thought it his beat way, by all mcnn<, not to
leave olf his endeavors to assist his people;
10 he ttft oil' the rich furniture that was In his
palace, both of silver and gold, insomuch (hat he
did not spare the finest vessels be had. Or those
that werej[Piade with the must elabc/rate skdl
ol tlie artincers, but sent the money to I'etronius,
who had been mado prefect of Kgypt b^ CaoiH^
and ai' ^ot a few had ||}ready fled to hnu unilerj
their necessities, and as tie was particularly a
friend to Herod, aiid desirous to have his subjects
preserved, he gave leave to theiii lu tjie first
place to 'export corn, and assisted .llif.flV e^cry.,
way, both in purchasing and exportin<; the same,
so that he wiis the Tiriucipal, if not thte only
person, who adbi^ted them what help Ike^ had.
And Ilcrod taking care the peiple sjioulil diider-
i(aud (nat tliiy help came from himsetl, did
thereby not only remove from him the ill o|linion
ofHhose that fordnerly hated him, but gavejthurt
the greatest demonstration possible of his good-
/will to them, and care o( them; fur, iuKli^ first
place, as 'for thos6 who were«|pblc to {^(Tvide
•'•*
1 * Here wo have an ^inin^nt exuniitic of tlie Iftnniage
' of Jmcphnain his *ritin« to Gentiles, dlirer^i)t iVom
\ that when lie wrolcio Jew; in his writing to wlidin tie
\jtill(Icrivei<allsui'li<ludRiii(ni^t'foin ilie anite^ of (ioil ;
tbut litcaiisc lie kiieiy iiiaiij^oKhc Uonliles tliniight Ihcy
Milzlit iiatiirallyi' ruiiic in fertain iieripds. Ii^' coni|iUea
With ilj;in in tlie nliovc santencc, ^eo (lie i|ale on (hu
'Wnrih.i.ch.xixlii.sect.2. !, /
' : A *■•> r A* .-.-__— -»l,_«S\.^«..-^»>aMdk>*M .. 4lnM*n.l Jill
t This fuiiiine that tor two years aflcrtoil juilea' ami
g lyrlil,t li B i:ill i n ii il Hth y e a r »of l le ro i l > wh i <;
the k
sSd anil 'i Itli years liefu're the C'liristiaii era, seeini to
:. have been more lerrihln ihirihif this time than was that
, in' the days of .]ai ol'i, t.eii. x|ii'xlii. And What iiiakea
' tli^ eompariiion the more rcmarkalile (s this, that now,
• aa well as then, the relief they /(ad was' fpiivEeypt
; aliii i thcn.ftooii JosephUs the soviriior of Ri ypl, undtr
(heir iiwit fiod, he distrlbuird in Iheni tlieir pro*
puiliun of ciirii iu th« rit«ct(i( umnr.ir, but for
thiiminiuiiy that were not al |c, sUhir 'ly reason
of tlisir old nK>', or any iillu'r infirmity, to pro-
vide foud for (hriiiti'lvies, lie maili (hiH'priiviainn
for tliem, that (he liaki ra rhiiuld make (heir
brernl' ready for them, lie i\\'» (uok ci^i (hut
they might Uo( lie hurt by^ke dangers of tvinter,
sincoi (hey were in great ff^it ui i lutbing also,
by rcason^uf the utdr des(rm'liiii| and coiiaiiiiip-
dun ol' (heir sheep and goat», till (luy had no
wool (II iiitike nan of, nor any tliiiii;' el^e (u cover
(iienisel^es withal. And wlien he liad procured
(liese (liiiiga for his own snlijeil*. hencii(far-
(her, in order (o provide iuieH»,irii a iur their
neighliors. lind giue sieil (o the Sj nans, which
tliinj; 4urnrd greatly l.i )iis u^ii mliMiita^e alao^
this charitable asiislanie being alVonlril niiint
seuaxiiuildy lo (heir fruid'nl sod, »o lha( every tmo '
had now a phuliliil priiviai)^n nl't'ood. l>poii (lie
wliulc, when (lie lii(rvea( ul' (lie l.iiid was np-
pruiiching, he senl no feWir (h.m liity (ItiHisnnd
men, whtim he had aiisdlilied, into the country;
liy which means he lioth repaired the alllic(ed
ciinilitlun of his own kingduiii ivilli great )!eue-
rii^ity and diligence, ami ligliten>;il the n|llictioni
^f his neij^hburs, who were uiidc;|r Iho aaiiie cn-
li(mi(ica, Iur (hero wus nobody who hful bent i»
want, tliat was left deadlutn of a auitaiile as-
sistance bjr him: nay, farther, (here were m UhcK
any fieople, nor any cities, nor any piiviiti: men
who wrreto make pruvisinn for ihe iiiullitiide;,
and on that account were in ivaiU ut'su|>|ii)r(,aud
had recourse (o hini, but received what (hey'
stood innee(| of, insomuch, (lia( i( apjieared upon
a compu(n(ion, (lint (he iiuiiiber utcuri of tvheA(, '
of teii A((ic mcdiumi npiece,,tlm( weru given (o
foriigners, amounted (o (en (bousaml, and (he
nundier (hut was given in Ids own .kingihim was
about fourscore thunsaiid. Nowit liappi hedthJt
(his care of his, and (bis seasonable beuei'aclioii,
had siicli influence on the JeWs, and was sci
cried up among other nations, as to wipe olfthitt
old hatred which his yiola(iun of some of (Iwir
cus(oni9, during his reign, hail procureil liiin '
among all (he nation; and'that^i this lilierulity of
his assistance in this titcir greatest necessity "wai '
full s.1lisrac(ioii<fur nil that lie had dune of that
nature, as it also ift'dcnred him great fame amonK
foreigners: and it looked as if (liese calamides
that afllicteij. his land to i> degree plainly increiii-
ble, cainu in order to raise his glory, unit to be
(q his grca( advan(age, (or (he gren(ne(S of hi*
liiierality in these distresses, which he now do-
mouatrated beyond allexpectution, diil so change
the di8posi(ion uf the muUidide towards him,
(hat (licy were ready to sup|x>se he had been
from the bef inning not such a one as (hey bnd«
fouiul him (u be hy ex|H'rien'ci', liutsuch a oneaa
the carc'hc hail taken of tthMn in supphyiug their
necessiltes prov.ud him iiow (11 lie.
i. About this timui it was that he sent five
hundred chosen men out of the guanrs of his
body,'ns aux^dries to ('x'sap,'ivhom ^lius (Jul- :
lun led to the Ked Sea,t and who vvere of great
service to Idnr there! W'lieii tlierel'oreliis iill'ajrs
wefti thus imiwoved, and wrriogain'in a lieu-
rishing conditioUi he built himscll O'falace in the
'►'■'■' .
Pharaoh king ofE)(yi»,aad now from I'pfronius tha
prefect of IKypt. under i^iigusuis the Hninan eiii|>oror.
acnalnio«Uiellkocas<!, .Viiiiii. h. xx.rh. Ii.:i«*l.». It
is also well worlii our ohsc'rvalioii, here, lliat thc««
two ve.iri were a Sniiliatir vear,alMlJilyc:ir <lf JnWIee,
fiK Which Providence, diiriiis lh« riicacraiy, nsciljjo
provide a triple crop "lierorcliiiml, hut tier.iino lioW,
when the Jews had iiirfeilcil (hat hlituinlL, tlieareolcrtv
years of laming to (hem ever lilico the days ol Allah, 1
ii i )i».t vn . »»iii.
t 'I'liis yKlius Callus si'cnis to lie no other than ^Klina
Largiis whom Iliii siwaks of as coiidt-tiiiir iin ctpedi-
(ion (Mat wa" aliout tlliii lime nmdinfco .\rnidn Fclli,
arcordini! n Pctavius, who is liero cited l>y t<panlielro.
Hea u fiill account of this eMKtlition in PrideiMii.at th«
yearaits and !2I. . ■ .._
t-
A>fTiQutTiEs OP rut. JEWa".
318
U|i{)«r c'Hy, raiainx tlia rioijn to ii \Try gr««l i
luiKht. uinl niloriiiuf; (hriii ivilli ilir iiii»i lonlly
(iirmtiiri- olpul<l,nii<l |iiiirbl« ncnu/iml IxmIh, uikI
tlinf wero lu liirufd lliut Ihry ooiiM CunUin
wry iiiaiiy ciinipaiili'l of inrn. 'riM'»ii iii)Hrt-
miiitiiJVdi) ulxi ol'iliiiiiiicl iiinKiiiluilt't, nml liuti
p»rtHiilrir iiiin/ei Biviiiiiliem, („r oiiti opRrliiifiit
«vf>H ciiIIimI Cif.ittt •, ailolhtr AKri|i|m'.. II.! uUo
(v)l ii^lovu «(5Hin, iiml iiisrrii'd iiiinilitr wKV, ncil
»u/liTing Ilia ri'ii<ionto{hinil«r him rriiiii living m
lie |)leu«i'!l. T|io ucdimnn of tlii« hit iiiarriHKr
wat IK Idll.iwi: there wim unit Siinun. u litiicii
of JtTumili'iii.tlri! ion ftf onft 11 oil Inn, a cilizniof
Airxiiiiihiu, iiml'a |iri<'iil of gfiHt no»« tliiT*: iliia
niOh Imij udiiuKJiter, i^ho ivm e»t»'i-iuetl llit' iiiont
beautiliil wuniiin of tli|itliiii«; mul i*lien the pco-
lilo ol Ji'i'iisiili HI hfjfiin to tpnik^^niui'li in Iut
eoiiiini niliiliiiii, It linp|I< M<(l thnl Hrroil hhk niiiili
afftcttul with what \vu|i nuirl of/jnr;.aii(l ivhcii lie
• ♦
— - - •••••• oup ■Kill l«l;|l«-| ,'
•aw the chiiuul li« noi( •iniltcrt with h«r ht-anty,
vtt «li<l _lf« Mil inly riject fjjc thoushts of uiinir
hn nutliorilv to abUKV Ikv, \<t bclii viiiff , what wm
■ Iht truth, that by lo dliin); he khuulil hi' Ktiiitia-
lized for vinhiiie und jtyriiiiiiy.'no he thnii;;ht it
bMttolakethedtt Ijowili-. wVnd while Simon
wa» of a dignity too inferior to 6e allied to hiVn.
• but itill too (-iiii«i<li<ri^bl« to lie despiicd, he ijo-
velii*d bii irtcjiiiutivn* altar the niosl pnidcnt
tiianiMr, by aii|{innitina; tlu^TliRiiity of the fMinily,
and makinjjthiniinore hoiioralde; «o he iiiinie-
diatcly deprived Muf,|tlu! ion of I'haljet, of the
high prieithovil, and tjonferre.j thiit dignity on
f-iinon, and ao joined- iu affinity fcith him T by
marry inK hia daughter.]
, 4. When thia weddink waa dver, lie built an-
other citadel in that nface where ho hail epn-
quered the Jewa wlieii h(! waa driven out of'hia
goverimient, and Antieohm enjoyed, it; This ri-
tadul iatlHlaiit from Jenkaalein about threesnoro
furlotiga. It waa strong by nature, and Rt for
iuch a buTldiog. It ia aaort of n moderate hill,
raiaed to a farther height by ,tlie hand of niun,
till It wija of the ahapc. of tt wonian'a breaat. 1 1 ia
encoinpaasi., with «ircul[ir towera, and hatli a
•trait ascent up to it, which aaCent ia coinpoiied
2 •J'^P' °f J'"'"''""* »'0Bca, in nuiiibcr two hun-
dred, nithin it are roval and vervVnch apart-
mcnta, of a ttrurtura that provided "both for »e-
cuniy and for beauty. About the bottom there
•re habitationa of aach a atructure aa are well
worth feeing, both on other accbunta, and alao
on account of the water, which la brought thilhtr
fromla great »va^ olf, and at vaat expenaea, for
the place ilaelf la deatitute of water. The plain
that la abort thta: cittidel ia full of edfficcs, not
inferior to any city in largenew, and having the
nill above It in the nature dlf a caallc.
5. And now, whet) all Herod's designs haA auc-
ceeded occordine lb his hopes, jie liad not the
least Biiauicion that any troubles could arise in
_ TriS kingdom, becau8,e he kept his people obe-
dicirt, us well by the fear they stood in of him,
for he was implacablfc in the infliction of his pu-
nishments, us by, the pi-ovident care he had show-
cd towards them, after the most niagnanimous
niannrr, when tlify we\6 under tlieil* distresses;
but ^till he toot care to liav? external security
• One may licro take notice, that jiow tyrannical and
^xtravngant soever Herod <wbs hi liiinaclf, and iii liia
Grecian riiics.aalollioae playa, and shows, and leioplea
for idolniry, iiienliuncd above, ch.viii. sect. 1, nnil here
also, yd diirsl evcii he introilurc very few of tlicni Into
the ciliesof llieJcwH, who.t ns Joscplnis liere iioica,
would not even Ihcii have Iwriic them, so zealous wore
Jlicy still for niiiiiy of Ihc Iawi» of Moses; cvcii under to
tyrannical a government as this was of Herod the
■J.i»al; wliioh tyrnniiirni i^verniiienl puis me natnral
jy in iniml of Donn I'ri i leauii' a liunest r e llei: lio i i
iti.» 111 "" ' "VV""" ' '"■^""■' » iiu i im le i ie i lion u i ion
.'ine like ambition, nfier such a tyrannical iwwcr in
V Pompey aiHlfosar. "One of these," says he.al tlia
i^yearSU, " coiihl not hear an equal, nor the otiicr a suae-
nor, and tliroutli this amiiitious humor, and thirst nf.
s^r mvra power in these two nicnAllie whole Roman em-
\
for his governinenl.as'a fortreaa agnintl his tub-
jerU; fur the iiriilioii« he maile to the cilii n were
VII) liui . and full of kindn><», and he iiilliviitid
a keaaonable goml undrritiinding v^ith lliiir go-
verniirs, and liiMtoniil preamts on enry one nf
thini, inducinu^ thnii thenliy to he niori' friendly
to liiiii, and 1i«iin hi< mngnificMit diapixition, to
aa hia kingdom might be the liptter aci lu-id to
him, and thia till all his nfriiiraiwrre every wav
nioreand mine nngiin ntvd. llul then.lhis iiiag-
iiiln eut (em|ier of hia, and tliiU aulimimive In-
Iwivinr and lilirralitv which he exerciaed to-
wirila ("leanr, and the moat |Hiwertul men of
Koine, oliliged him to triiingrrai the ciutonia e'
his niition, and to set bmiIc many of their lawa,
and by bnihliiigriliea after an extruvaeant man-
in r, and eririiiiK t<nipt.sj» not in Jmft.u imleeil.
j.irtliiit would not have liien liorne, it biing fur,
bidden (or OS to jniy any honor to linagea^Or
ri|ire«»nlationa ol nniiiiaU, after tlie nnftiner of
IlieCreeka, but mill he Hid thus til the younlrv
[iiroperly] out of our lioumla, and in the citi<'«
tllireof. The apology which he made to tin
J< w» l.tr the*e tliinga t>as this, that all was done,
not out of his own inclinations, lint by tlie coni-
iiinnds niirl injunctions of others, 'in onlcr to
pUuMi Osnr and the lionians, ?is thoug|i he had
not the Jewish custonia ao much in liis eye na he
had the honor of liiose "Uomaiis, while lel ho
had himself entirely in view nil the whih, and
I indeed waa very AnrMfions to have great monii-
nieiils of his K )verniiient to posterilv ; whence it
»;!ia that he waa so leulous in buihliiig sucji line
cities, and afient audi vast auiiia of money unpii
them, . ^ '
(). Now, upon hia observation of a place near
the sea, which was very nrop. r for containing a
City, and was before cnlfld Slratrj'ssTower, he
set abmit getting a pluii for a magnificent city
there, andpci-ecled many edifices with great dili-
gence all ^ver it,' and this of white stone. He
also adorned it witli most sumptuous palaces,'
and lar^' edifices for containing the people; and,
what was the greatest and most laborious wosk
of all, he adorned it with. a haven, that was" al- ,
ways free from the waves of the s.a. Its large-
ness was not less than the I'yreum [at Athens,]
and had towards the city fMouble station for the
shi|)s. It was of excellent workiimnship; and
this was the more remarkable for ita being built
in a place that of itself was not suftable to such
noble structures, hut was to be brought tooierfec-
lion by materials fronnQljjitr' places', and \at very
great expenses. This city is situate in I'licBnicia,
III the passage liy sea to Jig;) pt, httween Joppa
and Dora, which are lesser maritime citiesi and
not .fit for havens, on ^acvourtt of the impetuous ,
»o.nth winds that beat upon tijeni, which, rQlling
tho sands that ctinie from' .the sea against the
shores, do not utlmit of ships lyingln their sta-
tion, but the nierchahls are gcnf^lly there for-
c«l to ride at their anchors in th« sea itself. So
Ilorod endeavored to rectify this inconvenience,
and laifl out such a compass towards the la'ml as
iiiighl be sufiicient for a haven, w|irrein the great'
ships might lie in safety: and Uiia he effectedt
by letting doitn vast atones of ^bovc fifty feet'
pircliciiisdivided into Iwoopposifc factions, there waa
proihired hcreliy the iiiostdeslructive War tliat ever af-
(I rtcd It; mid the yke foUy lim nincli reiirm.in nil otiier
nlacns. Could alwiit thirty men lie pc'rsqriited to live at
lioine in pCarc, wilhout enterprisine upon the rights of
e.irli other, for the vainglory ofconnne^t, andilicen-. ^
largeinent of power, ilio whole woria inlirlit l)e at qui'
ct; hut their uinhiiion, their fiiUiCH, and Ihoir Imniori
Icndini! them ronstawly toenrroarh upon and qu.irrel
wit[i earh other. Ihey involve .ill that jreiiiiilnnheni
.-Ik
'•fn
t
■ Wl
-to
til
ot
»r
WJ
/
r^
h*.i-
«ir
ri|
all
wl
T'l
( Wl
of
!»♦ tl(
in tlie nilschiefttlierenf; aiiil many tllKisnnilsarc lliry
which yearly (lerish hy it ; so that ii niriy aiinnst raise
a donht, whether the- henclit which the world rereivei
irnin g'>v»rn'n''Mi'i.«a„f)irieiii tom'atcamctidsfor the
«{ilainiti(<s whii li ii sutTers 4'rom the follies, nnstaket
and mjlodmintstrationa of those that nianogi! it."
1
■r
■^■■.
n(V)K XV,— CIIAP.X.
am
/
i>U-
•frtlcnulh. not \ru limn •■iRliUm in lirni.lili, hikI '
Aliim" ill lif |i<h, Inio l>«<'iil> IhIIiiiiii4 ilr<ii,iiilJ>tt« .
■ »hiillnViMi«ii»ioii«. TW" moW' wfiiili li.> Jduil.l \)V^
, / jl)i«W»-«idu W»« lw<> lniiiil|wl I'nt >vi(!i', IIh' Imti J
•,' ' -'iif^nliiili WH» (ipponiil to III!' I'liriinl nl thu ;
• " wi!vt'», no !!'( I" I"'"-!' iiirtliiiff niiti« «lii(-li (vtiii ,
- to Itfi'iik ii(M(n thrill, Hiiil mi «in culliil I'nifviiifi-
tiii, (ir Ui«' (iMt liriiiliir of 111!' iviuin. Imt lliii ,
olliir liiiir h«il ii|Kiii It i> Willi, Willi: »iviriil tuw-
»r«, til*" lnric<'«l III Jvhij'li wii" iiiinii'il I)iii«h«, iinil
' wn« II wiiiC of wry '^tint cxii limit ( iiiiil liml j
JM nmiin from DriiHii", ihn noii-iii-liiw of Cir'Hr,
jvImi ilicil vOHiiff. 'I'liiri- lyi'W iil*i « xniil iiiHii- J
Ik-t of iifi'lu* whirr III)' iiiiirinj^'1'4 tlm ll. riirr*'
wpri' at"!! Ixfori' thiiii ii i|M!>y [or laiiiiliii?-|il.ii<'.l j
wliiih run round Ihriiiliw (iim ii, iiiiil wjm i» ;
nio.t Bijmiililr w.ilk 111 mull "« hail a piiiiil to
Ihiit r»rrri«f; hill lliu intiiiu*' "i" "loiilli of the
port was iiimlii nil Ihr imrlli i|iiiirl<r, on wliicli
»to(„\ lidn wn< thr »lillr»l of ihtt wiHilt of hII in Ihi4
V" iilnrci iiiil thr liniin iif ihr wluili' liriilit oil ihi^
lift hmiil, H« joii iiili'i' thr port, mippurHil ii
nniiiil lurr«t, wliiclf wm iiimlr uiv »lroiii{, iii
oilier to iv»i»l ill'' Kri :»U:5t wiin», \fliilr ou ihu
riftht liiuid, lid )oii I'lilir', »looil livo Mi»t «t»in»,
Hliii lliiHi) iiirli of IhiMii liirgrr Hum tin lucnr;
whirll WBii oviT ti;;niii*t them: ihi sr nlooil ii|h
rifflit, and wrrr "vnii'il lo(!.i ihii-. .Now lliiri;
( Wfrrcdilirrn iill u'iiinx the liriiil ir ha\< ii, iiMilf.
of the iniiKl piilinhcd »|r)m', with it iifliiiii i hm-
** tlon, whirioi) wn-i rroiti'il i| l(inpli-, 'thai wan
inn a |;rtiil way oil' liv tlio«<! that wire sijiliiiK
for that h»y<'ii., mill hail in it Iwi/ »latiii>i, lli^ oiii'
ii'f Konu'.iind thr olhrrof (j'ii'nar. 'rinviilv (liilf
wii9 callid ('irsweii, ivliii h was al«o itiUf hiiill
of fill? inatvfial*. «nd wa» of a liii" "tiMCtnri'i
nay, »li>' very mihlirrnnt'nn yanlls and ce|lar»
liiiil no lom lif archilci^tiirr Iw^liiwud on iftcm
than hud tliV liiiMiiiiin'i) ulxivi' l^round. Son if
tliiM' v<iiill» i-arriid {h\n^* at tvcii distanii'ii to
, the liaven and to the »ra, liul one uf then rpii
.\. iihiiipK ly, and lipnnil all the re.l fi));ether, that
Ijoth the riiin and the (illli t'f the ritiienii w r«
tpi^elher ciirrV'd olf with eaii', niid the urn h^elf,
upon the llux of the tide from nithoul, raiue into
the cily.yiiid WRslied it all eltan. Vlerod .i,}*..)
liiiill IhereHi a ih^alro dif utoiu'; and on tin- siinlli
ipjarter, liehiiid the port, an MNipliitliiaiiiralSo,
iCapalile of liMdinK n va«e iiiiniliir of nun, and
conveniently sitnated for a proiipeit to the «ea.
* ffo this lily wan thim fiiii«liei| in twelve year*;*
during whirll time llie. kini;- did not fajl to pi on
\joth with the vyork, and to pay the cfiargcs that
were ncccisary.
. CHAl'. X.
IIow Jmrodsfnl bis Snn> I p Home; Aoin itlm he
' teas afcufed hy Xenoih>rna,un(l llie (Satlarens,
, hut Kas cleared ij' vliiil Ihiy nrniscd liitiifif,
and mithal gained lo himaelj' the froDil-itlll if
, Casar. Concerning the Pharisees, the Ksicuts,
and Manahem. . •
} I. WiikM lierod wan engaged in <iu#li mat-
ters, aiid when, he hud nlready re-«dified Selwifle
[Samaria,]' he resolved to send hhitons Al«^-
ainler ami, Arintobului to Hmaf, to enjoy the
company of Ca'sar," who, when they came thi-
ther, loilged at the houie of FoJlia,+ who wut
very fondof Herod's friendship; and tliey liad
leave tiitodge in Cesar's owii palace, for he re
ceivedlheM! eons of ileroil with all liuiiianity,
and Kave Hetot I6ave Igi give bi» kingdom to
whic^ of his sons lie pleased; and, besides afl
tiiii, he bestpwci^ dli him Trechon, and Bat^nea,
'CirsareB helnK here mid to he rebuilt and aiiprned
nrtd Aiirunili", wliii ll h.',|j,.ivr him ■inlheorrniiion
foliiiiiiint. one />ni)diiiu-| hail lured what wa«
culled till' hiiiiM, of l.\»aniaii, who, a« bii wat not,
•iiliafied mill ii* riiviiiiie«, iieiMnie n pirlncr
lyilli the riiiilii i» ih.'il iiiliiiliited tin Triirlione*,
-lyifO *o priM'iired hiniMlf a l.iri^rr iiiit'iiiie, ; inr Ihe
ini>al>ita'il< of tlhine phiei .< lived in a iiind way,
niirl pilla»eil llie 'rounir) of the .*JJniiia«eene»,
whi)<> /•'naloriiii 'lid liol rcid'.iin tin in, hut par-
took of the pie\ they aii|iiii'i d. Now, in the
ni.t)fW'(iriii'.( pi opli" ,wi're tjenlM riT' il loillerers
lliey I'o^iidaiiliil lo V4rn>, who'n.iH dun preii-
ilriil [oi w rill, ! and enlrealeil liiiii. lo wrili' I'l
('li'tair abi\iit thii iiiiiMliie of /iiiMilorim. When
thine iiial'li<r» n>;ii' l.iid befire 4 li'iii, lie wrote
back lo Viiriiij lo ile-irov ihine iii^i< of rolilien,
and 111 ;:ive ltt( laud 10 Herod, llial t i li\ irM rare
no lender
rrai'lioiiite4,
llieiii,
In twelve yem s , ami so o n ufl ei w iml, in t en y— i i, ^iillq
h. xvi.ch. v.sert.l, there liiiist Ix a mistakeilnoneof
tlic |ilarc:< as In llin true nunilicr, hut in which of thoiu
it la Jiard positively lo.delcrniine.
t This Polllo. Willi whom lleroirK sons lived at Rome, |
wnf mil rulliotlin riiutiscc, alrcndy ineiitioncd hy Jo- 1
sephus, ch. 1. sect, I, anil nunin presently irflci Uiis,(ii. j
.■ ■ • . 42-::, , ■ ,-".
the lu'i^liiiorjytf countries nii|i;hl In
ili<lnrlie<| iv^lKtlUie duiiiKH of the
for ll wa« not HI l;n<y thin;.; to restrain llieiii,
since lbi<-^ay ilAnibli'ery hud been tbiir uaual
iirailiie, and th>y\wd ho oilier way lo !;i • their
Itiin;;, lieiaii*!' iliry had iirillier aiiv rily of their
own, nor landpt in their pom ••nai, (iiit only »iuno
reci |itailea and iIhk intlie > arlli,ond there they
and their callle lind ink-oinmonfoselhi r. Mow-
eier, they had made eoiif) iuimeit-ln k^ < pimls pf
water, and laid up I'orii in |;ra'narii i hir Iheni-
m lve<, and were aide I.) make gieiit. ini^Uince,
liy'iieiuin;; out on Ihu Hiiddeii a);aln<t any, that
ailai'ki'il Iheiii; for the entninci:!!' of llieir I'nvrs
were narrow, in which but onaionld lOnie in at
u" time, and the places nilliin incndilily large,
iind inade very wide; lint the (;roniid over their
(lahilationii was nut very liiuh, but rather on a
plain. wIiHa the rocks ure ullogt'ther Imi'd anil
i^iiliciill to iW enlercd.,u|)on, niileM any one geU
imo'llut plaiiKruail by tlie giililance of another,
lor ll*iie nmd) are not straiKht, but have •uveral
revolution!", lint when tlu»e men are hiiidereil
iVoirt their wicked preying upon their neigliliors,
their custom is lo pre^ upon one another, iiuo-
mucli that no sort ol in)u»ticc coiuen nmits tp^
them. lint Ahen itrruil had received thin grant
fi'opiCa'sur, iHid was ci»iiie into this country,, lie
proihjred nkilfiil gnidi-n, and jilit a "top to their
wicked rolilitrii'9, uiii| procured peace and quiet-
nesi to the neij^hboi'ini; people.
•J. Ilereiipon Zelioirirnn lyu* grieved, in the
(Irit place, becan<e hi> principalily iviis takea
iiwiufn'oni him, and ^till more, so, because ha
liufcil llerud, wiho hud gotten it; no Ife went up
to Hoihe to accuse liiin, but returned back again
willmul success. Now Agiipjin was [alfciit thii .
limnj sent to succeed <':r»ar in the Kuvernnient
u( the countries -tuyund the Ionian sen, upon
whom lleroil lit when he was wintering about
Milylene, for he had been his particular frienil
and coinnanion, and then returned into Judea
again. Ilowcver, siiinn of the (iudurrns caniotu
.\151ipp, and accused Heroil, whom he sent bilck
,bi)Uiid to th* kiiig«V-ithout givi^iglheni the hcar-
'ing: but still the Arabians, who of old bare ill-
will to llfrod's govcinnicnl, were nettled, and at
that time nltcmpted to raise u sedition in his do-
minions, and iH Ihev tlionglii Upon n more jnt-
tiliable occasion: for Zeuodorns despairing al-
ready of success, as to his ow n iill'airs, jirevented
yiis encinii's,] by selling to lliose Arabians n part
uf his principulilv. Called Auranitis.for the value
of fifty talents; Imt as this was included in the
tlonatioRLS of CW«r, they contested the point
with Hei;odi a* unjustly deprived of What they
'had bought. S'unieliines they did this by making
incursions U()Oii him, anij sometimes bj atteinpt-
X. iitt. 4. Vut Auslnlus Pollio llic Roman, as^panbehn
\
h e i B iil wc iv e—
tTlietliaraclerof this /enodoru* in so like that of
ilAinous/rolihcr nl'theaanie nameih Htralio, andlhni'
Rhoul thia very rauulry.andahiHit this very lime also
that I think llr.Muflsun hardly iieeiled to luive put «
peirkapt to his iletemrtimtiun that they wera thu lani-i.
':1
w-
89p
ANtlQl'ITIKS OF T1IK JKWt
I ' inr fore* wninit hliii, Mil MMiM'dnira hy gitliiK
i : tu Itw with niiM. Mor«i(ivrr, lhr\ iiirximlril llic
T '* \ |»Mirfr I'llillfrt In )ul|i iliiiii. null wim tr..iil)U'-
tiiiiiK (u hliii, out of « conatiint Iiii|m> l|int tlir;
► hoiilil irftiH'ii lIlK |M>ii|i|>t to niiin II anliliMiii HI
whicli iloixMt Ihiixr ihiit Br<! in (lii> iiiii«t iiii««rii-
lilc I'lrciinialancin of lilr, mo Hill tlir iinxt I'lir
nrat; Rnd altboilKh HituiI liml liiiii n kAu{
while appriMil iif tliciti Kltriniitj, vi:t iliil not Ini
iiidillKf uny «i>Vfrity 16 llit'iii, liiit liy ralioiliil
. iiii'lhiHl» niinril loniliiKDii' lliingt, n> liut ivilliil;(
to Kivf Hitjf liniHJIii for iiiiiHill*.
:). Now M'fii'ii llfniil linil nlrinil)' rrlKnril ••••
vnilrriiyriiri, (.'ii'iinr rniiiii lii[oS\ilin at nlilrh
liiiiK till! i^rrNlriil piirt of lliw. Iiiliu^iiljiili of (i^i.
loln'Mbiiiori'il ii)(iiliut iliTixl, n« on« ihiit wui,
lirayy lii lii< iiijunrtlonii, liiid l^rniinii iil. 'I'hiMK
rcpriiai'lii* tin y iiialiiiy vrntiin il ii|>iiii lij t|ii>
«nn«irn|{niiiiit of Zi'iio«li)rii«, wlio loo!, hi* oath
ihirt lie Hoiilil ni'Mrlrtiv)' llrioil till li<> b«(l |.ro-
fiireil that thr^ nlmtilil br ilcirrrrit fmmtlrrnrl'ii
killKfloin, ami joiiiPil to C rmir'i (ifoviiicr. 'I'Ik.
(jininrcii* ivirr iiiciui'i'il hi-riliy, iiml iimili- no
miiall'iTy UBBinut lilin, and tlml'tlir iiiorr KoIiUv.
•Iii'irnnie tho.« Hint fimi Imm n dfliv. rml u\>'0\
Af^rippu WITH not iiimiihrd liy llirod, who lii
ihi'iii Ko, mill /lid lliiuii no hiirni, for indv4;«l lir
w:>» thi' prinri|Mil man In U"' world ulio nppi ir-,
i/l nIniuKt ini^kornMc iu piinithinK iriinM in Iih
own family, l)iit very K< nrrnu* in n initlin;; llir
ofl'tiicm tiKif wrri' iviiniiiilli'd idMuliirr. And
uhiliMhcy Bccimd llirod of iHJnriin, wnil pinii-
dt:riiin»,,and inluiTtion of tcinplx, hi'mood im-
rrriicrrnrd, niul wn« riMiily (n innkc hiil di ('iiici',
llowrver, <'a".nr gnvv liini hit rijflit liuiirf, uiid
ri initli'd nolliiii^ of lil» Icindnoa to hiiu, upon
tliii dinturliunri' by thu niultiludri and indicd
time thiitn« «v''ri' allfjccd the first diiy. lint the
■ lic'nriii);^ prorri'di'il no further; for u» tin (indii-
ri'tit aniv the iiiclinntion of C'linnr mid of hin «»•
«•■"«>". end expi'clrd, n« they had ri'HMOi to do,
thiA^they iihould he deliviiri;d uii li) tlie kinjt,
wm^'of Iheiii, out of a Hr<ad ot the toriniii^t
llii-v inii;ht undrrso, nit their own throntt in the
iiif;ht-tinun and aoine of then? threw llieiiisefii i
down precipice!, and^otheri of Ihein ra.t tliiiiv-
selie*iii(«^he river, eD>4 drutruyed tlienisitveji
i|f their civil nixord; lyhich Brridentt sieniid h
fuflicient condemnation of the r«ihn<>>i and
('rinii{8 they had been ciiilly of: wheretipon »';i'-
«ar tnadri no lontfir delay, but cleared Herod
from the crimes he wai accimed of. Another
liappy accident there was. which wb« a further
ftiUantagc to Herdd at this liinc; for Zehodorun'n
hilly burst, Btiifa preatfiuiintily bl' blood imieil
from him in hi> «ickne9«, and hi) tliereby depurt-
fd thi» l^fe ot AnIiocU in Jtyrja;. no Cseiinr lie-
itowcd hTi rountry, which Wa< n'simall one, upon
Herod; it lay between Trachon oiU^ Calilec, and
contained IJIatha, and Pniieaji, and' the ropntry
round abotit. He alao made him one of the pro-
cur.itor* of Syria, and coiiinianded that thev
■liould xlu every thing with hia approbation; ami,
in Abort, he arrived at that pitch of felicilv, that
uhireas there were but two men Uiat governed
the vast Homan empire, fimt' Cesar, and then
Agrippa, who wa« hi« principal rivoritc; Ca'sar
preferred no one'to Herod beiidcs- A^rippa, and
A^rippa made no one hia (greater frieiid than
Herod betidra Cstar. Ann wheiu. haAiad «c-'
<|uired'iuch freedom, he 'IwpKed of Cietar a
tetrirchv* for bis brother Plieroras, while he diil
niniKeir bestow upon him a revenue of a hundi-ed
talents out of hiii, own kingdom, that in case lie
came td any harin himself, his.hrotlicr might be
in aafety, and that his aorta might not havc^o-
ininion over hini. So when he had conducted
to h,- iilwn)ii
I iw I illirr lo
) eiil lopitlirri bill
d; iiud when any
I ly uij|ni«lii'd, iind
Ciesar lo die aea, and waj -returned home, he
built'hini « most beaHliful temple of the whiteit
cAy properly and orifiinally dcnQted ihX
fan ontira1(intdoih or ciMintry, and
at waa ruler of luch • fourth part, w
tliiiie, in /•noi|i)llliu'« country, near ihi.' placa
ridlid runiitiii. 'I'iiii It II urj Alie cava in a
iiiouiilaMi, under wfiii'h lh< re if a great ruvity in
the inilh, anil theUmrrn l> iilinipl, and prodi-
pouly deep, alid\ full of ulijl water; ovii- it
loinij^ii tint 1111)11111 tin; and ui^lir the riiiiriit
ari«e the tprinKH >'l\ lh« river Jordan. Herud
iiilorned thi« pliii k , lihii'h wnt already n vary re-
nmrkiilile one, •lijf fiiVllier, In (he erection of thii
tiiilph', wliii'li heiiUdli'iileil to ('leinr.
4. Al which (inie llArod rail n<ed loliUtiibjrcIt
the third part uf fliiir\li<»« •, iiiidrr piili-iice io-
deed Iif rilieiingjtniiiAafler tin' iliiirth they had
had; biil the iimfii n tiyon nni to reiotir their
liOoiUttill, wliiiliihe iioU: ivioili'il, fur tliiy wen
uiiea<i}.at liiiti, |ienina\> oT ll^r liiiioviilioiia he
llud inlrodiii'i'd in thi ir lyiii'licfn, of the i|i>tolii-
ti.wl of Jftljr nlifJion, anil nl tiie di«uH> of (Ittir
|Oivn cuttimM; aiiii (lie (itifclf i,'vrr) wlieni talked
ii;fniiiit hint, liki jlio.e ili.U'iUre »lil| liiore (iro.
Tiiked iihd dNriirfxd nt Uih iiii i laurel aKniu>[~
Wlii'h ili<i'oiiti'i(U hi' K'e\ill| nu.ir.tid hinitetf,
I lii'ik uwiiy tl|i'o|ipor1u)iii(i<^ tlj(y miK'it haM*
to iliatnrb him, and eiijoim •- ■' ''^ ■ •
at work, mmilld u prriiiit
meet to;(i tliir, or lo wiilk, i
wMrlUil I very ll ill'; tin)
Hire cininht the; vn r.^ tivi
immy llnre Ml riAvlio "Xmit Iii-omi;
del LUtuiiilii, Jpotli o|ii Illy iio'i sirtelly, and
Here till ri^int ((ideiitli; anil tin H' wire npiea alt
I very uhere, bith in the city and in the roadt,
who watched /lioai' tlnit iiii t l"';cl|ii i; iiiiy, H 1»
ripiirteil, that/he dill m.l biiiiii If iii |;lei"t-«hi|
iiUi't of I'iiiilion, but ihiit he i.imiM |>ili iiliinrs
liiiiisrif lake the habit of a priiute iiiaii, iiiid iiiu
anionpr (he liiiiUitiide, in the iii);ht-liiiie, and
nuike tiial what opinion they had of hii guvim-
nient; and us for tboy (hat Vouhl nowuy be re-
diired to acijuiesni nndi;r bis hi heme oi' (totem-
iiKiit, be proseciiled (hi ni all iiiiinner id' wayi'.
lint fir thi' rest of (he iiiul(i(uile, he riipiired lhH(
(hey hliouldiie obli|ted to dike an oalh of fijeldv
(o hini,uiid at the tiiiiiie (ihie rotdprHed |4ii'iii |o
diveiir thiit thev would bear liiiii goyd-wiil, anil
iniitiiiiie certainly so (odo, in lii-iinaiiaifi iiieiit of
(he (;o>eriioien(;Hnd Indeed a (rnut pari of them,
either lo phase him, or out of I'l »r of him, yield-
ed to wlnit he reipiired of (iKiiif but for luch &«
were of a more open and {(oiieruna disposition,
and hud iiidii;natl(>n.at the force he used lo them,
he by one iiiiuini or other made away w'lth them
lie I'ndeinorud also to persuade I'oflio the l'h»
Tri(»e,-Bnd Suiiiiuis, And the greatest piirt of thei,
si'holurs, lo take the ualli; but these would n^
(her Kubniit »o to do, nor were (hey punislieil
({ilUer with till! rest, out of the revereiici/ he
bore to Pollio. The l%sene« also," «» vvt* olill a
sect of ours, wiFC excii.ed from this inipi>i^tion.
These men live the same kiiiil of life as divtiiose
whom (he (ii-eeks call I'ythogoreaiit, corti-ehiing
wlioiii I iUatt (li^C()llr«e more fidly « l»ewliere.
Hoivever, it is but fit to set down her* thc'ria-
sons vwjierefiire lleriid had these Kiierics in. inch
honutf;Snd thought higher pf then/ than t/ieir
■ijoral uatiire reipiired: nor will ihi/ nccoiintlbi
unsuitable to the nature bf this history, as it viill
show tUc opinion men had of tliesi^Tssenes. \
.} p. Now there was one of tiiese <i:sicnes, wliol
r^anin was Manahein who had this tcstimon
that he not onjy eoniliicled hi.s/lifii after an ek\
cellent cniinner,: bnt hud the llireknowlcdge ol
future eventii giveu him by (;oiValso. This iiian\
once saw'Herod When he was 4 child, and poing\/
to school, and saluted him as AIng of the Jews,"
but he, ttiinklnp that either In/did not know hiin,
or that he was in jest, pm hi|ti in mind ^ t ml b»
was hut a private ^lan ; but ,
himself, and cljipped him oil
fonnh pari
IrcreAone
lanahem smiled to
lis backside witb
always Implies somewhat lesatfxtcnt of dominion aiiil
power than belong to a kingdoM and to a kln^
nnoK xv.-ciiAr. xr.
t" t hit hhnti, (nil Mid, " llnwavcr Ihnt hr, ihoii wilt
ii* kind, itrtil will ti«Kln lliy miKii U»}i\>Ay, (>tt
IiimI Anila ttl«« w<irih« of it Anil ilu Ihou rr-
iiirinlitr lh« Miiw« Inal MKnalinii linlli liven
thot', •• living n ilcnnl of the rlmni;)- iif lliy fur
liiflc. Anil Iriilr iTiU wilt In> IIh' lir«l rrBtmiiiii
liir lli««i Ihnl (lion li>v« ju»lir>> |iiiiviiril< iiirn,^
^ml iiii'ljr lawnnU Ool, mul rlriiiriii'jr (oWnriU
thy rltiKiiii yrt ili> I kiniw l)i>w (liy whola i°iiA-
iliirt wilt l>r, llint thou will, mil briurh ■ un«. ("T
tlviiu will riri'l nil nii'ti In hii|i|ilnr«<, (nil ohuin
un svrrlniiliiiK rrpiiliiluin, liiil will fur).'*! iii'ly '
jind richli'iiuiini'«i iiiiil Itcd' rriiiKt will tint Im
ronraalril frrtni (iuil, ul ihi' iMnrliiiiiiin of Ihr lilv,
whou Uhiin will liiiii lliiit hi' will lir mimlnil i>r
thcinJ mirf nuni'h ihrit lor IIk'III." Now ul ihnl
tiiiifi llwroil iliil nol nt nil miiiiil lu wliiit Miinu-
hcni Hill, » liiivlntr no lioiwa of «ni li nilvnnir-
niriilji IjuI n lllllv nniTwiiril, wliin hi' nun an fur-
Innnfn i)l lo ltd nilvHriri'il lo Ihn ili|;ility n( kiHK.
iiiiJ Wux in till' lirielil nfhit iloiiiiiiiou, lie >rnl
I'lir 'Miiimitiin, i^ml n«ki'il him. How |i)n;( h«
•liij^lil rnbn t Maiiiihi'in iliil nut tell him Ihr full
IriiKlh oPfiii ri ijin, uhnrt'fori-. ii|Hin lliiil ■ilrni'i'
of lVi», hr Hakeil Tiiiii fiirlhrr, Whulln'r he •limilil
tc'igxi It'll ji'im, or Hul'.' ho rijilii'il, '* Vr; tw«n-
ly, nay, thirty yinr*," but >IM not iixikh iIi<'
nt«l ili'tiruiiiiuli limit nf hi* riitcii. IIitihI wih
.MtiHlii'il with till 41' rrnlii'i, alKl f;n\'f Muniihi'm
hit haiiil, mill iliaminaril him, nnil I'riini th^it lime
liu cUnliniidl lo linnor nil Ihn Kaiirni:!. Wii
h»ve lliiin)(ht it propir to rtliifp Ihcan fncla to
onr r<Hiilrra, liow atrilu|;o anrvrr they lir, nnil to
(li'rliirn wliiit I1.11I1 hii|i|H'iii'tl union); un, liiriiuoi
iiiony of thv Kaarllia liiivr by Ihi ir lUi'i'lli ill vir-
tue liccn tlioiiijfhl worthy of thii knowlt>(lK<t uf
ilivine rwclutiuiiii.
CHAP. XI. '
//on) Htrod YilniiU the Ttmph, anil ritiitil it
higher, ititd madt it rnort^ magn\fictnt "Inn li'
tsaf b^firrf; HI al$'o cunctming that 'J'inetr'
whichhecalltJJtnlohia.
\ 1. And now llrrotl, in the<iKhlecntl) yi'iirof
his rrif^n. anil dftcr t Ihi ncln nircnil/ iiirnlioncil,
untlt^i'tobk a vt^ry Rrrat Work, that la, to liiiilil uf
himacir lh« trniplo of <iuil^* nnil iiraku it latRtr
Id Conifiaaa, and to mire it 10 it niiial innKiiitici'nt
allituiin, u ralrcmln^ it lo bi: Ihti moat );luripua
uf nil hil nctinna, Ita il riiiilly wna, to hriii)( i\t
prrfectlon, and llii* would lie auliiciinl for\
everliiating mimpriiil of him; bat Ha hskiww lb
roultiliide were iinl nndy nor willing lo uui»t'
him in ao vaat n d«aign, n« tbouKht lo pn p;u-n
thcni firat by ninkinp; u apci^ch to iTirni, liiul lllt'ii
let about the tvork ilafli; ao lui culled Ihnii lo-
getl^er, andapakc Ihua to Ihi'iii: " 1 think I nnd
not Itpcak to yc^ niy louhtrvrnt n, nlmut aurli
uVlirr worka as 1 have dune aiiici; 1 cauic to tint
kingdom, although I may any Ihi^y liavti betii prr-
forincd iu such a luaiiurr aa to bring mori' afi iirily
to you than glory IQ iliystlf; for I hiive iii',itht'r
bern negligent iiithjuiiost ilillicull (inira a'.luuC
what ttmded to citt?)oih! ueccs«ilii'», nor huvc
the buildiiiga 1 have made been so pro|icr In pre-
serve iiic 0* yooraclvca front injuries; and I ima-
gine that, wilh (tOiPa n«iiatan'rc, I havo ailvnn-
cell the nation of the Jiwt to n dc^ee of buppi-
!)«•• which thuy never Iwd before; and for Ilu;
• We liiBjr hero ohaerVn. that Ifie funf K^i^moilern
Jowa, iu CKllIni! Iliiii tcin|ile, wliirli was rfKlly Die ihiril
of thetr leiniileH Kic ternnil tcni|Xe, follulvcdso lone liy
laU^r Chriiillnnii, accina In lie witlioiit ii#y iinliil foiiiiiln-
lion. Tlie ri'nson why ilic <;iirialiniis Imto fiillow iho
Jcwa III, lieraiiitc Ihc pcojiliepy ol' llnetnl, il. B— (t, whji'li
Ihey cxjioiiiiil of llii; Ulesiiiiiji'a roiiiing to llie arroml iir
'/.orolKilHil'8 li'inplo.nt whiili lliev supprHC tliisor llo-
tod's lo he only a roiiitriuatlon, whlrli is uuiniit I tliiiik,
of hiscquihiii lotlio/uiirtA nail <'»( lotn|ile, or 10 tlinl
ftitnre Inrceat nnd im»t Kinrluiis oni' ditarrllied h^ I'zc-
kid. Wliciirc I t.ikc till' former iintloii, liuw general
soever, lo Im; a great mistake. 8cc 'Lit. Accoi|n|i. of
Propb. p. 21. J
m
lciilarVdiAr«« lwl»ii||itiK In ynur own com-
•ml your own cjirvii, Ihut wr |m«« lately ai-*
Hffrni, what wa ha«« trvi'lnl and jfrrally adorn-
^Sittlunliy ungnieuliiii Ih* ilinmly of your
nation, it aeiiu* lo me n nirillealMk lornHma-
rala tlivni lo you,aim'e you will know Ihmiyour-
i^lvra; Ina at to Ihut umlirtaking whVh I hava
a luinil lu sat alHtut ul prtainl, and whii'h will
ba It work of the Krinlial piety kniI I'ti'illrnra
thai can |)oaaibly liii Mlidrrl.iki'n by u>^ I will
now ilrrlam it li^ ^oit. Our fillii'ra indrtd,
whin they were relnrni il Iriun li.ili>lon, Imilt .
this temiiln to liixl Almighti, yrl d.iei il wnnt-
•Uty ruiiila of its targrni aa In nlliluile;. for lo
niueh did that Aral temple wliirh Solixnlm bliill
exeeed tlila lein|ile ; nor lit niiy one rfiii.4i mii our
liilhera for Ihiir iie^cliKt-nre or Haul of pirly
herein, for It was not their fni|ll Ihnt (he |emu|r
was ni> higliar; for they were l.'yi-iia, aiiiF llariiia
the ton of llyalaajiea, iVho'iieli rminvd the mea-
fure for ila reliuiniiiig, limT il hath fivi'n liv rina-
ton uf llie aubjertion of Ihon' liither« of our* lo
them, and to iheir |H)«lAity, anil after them to
the Maeriloiiiuii>, tliiit tiny had irol the oppiirlu> .
,(iitv to ;ollow the origimil mmlel ul thii piona
ed{/)ce, nor ruuld rkite il to i|a aiirient altitudi^
but aiiire I am^npw, by (lod'a will, your govern-
or, and I have hint pi.ii'e n hih^ tiiMi , lUid have
gniiii'il great rii'hra, nnil large 'rrttiinet, and,
what ia tile priinipal thing uf all. I iiiii at niiiity
with, anil will regiirilid by, the Ifumun', who, if
I iiHiy to Ay. ari' the riiler-i of the ndiole world,
I will do my I'lialeavor to I'um it ihal im|ii'ri'ec*
tiuiii whieli hath nri'in from the neli mty of iiuf
M'uira, and the ahivery We barti Ikiii un^r for- .
iiierly, and to make irUiaiikliil ri turn, altar' the
nioat pioiH nianaer, lo (iiiil, lur what lileatingi I
have received friiiii him, by giving me tl>i« king-
dom, and that by rendering hi* temple at eimi- '
ptelii at I aih able." '
2. And Ihia tyua the tpeeeli tvhirli Herod iiiail^
to them; but ttill Ihia apeeeli'allri,'(lili'il niauy of
the (leople, ut l'Ti'jn)j; uni'liieeted Iblheni; and, -i
because it teemeil iiu-retlilili , il <liiT iinl enroll; /
rage them, but put a damp upon lliem. for lliey,'
wen.' afraid thai he would pull duwii the ivholii
edifice,. i|nd not be able lo bring hiHUitrnliona fa
perfeetio^i for ilt rebuilding; niid IhU (lunger a^-
peareil to them to be virV gtilit, uhil the'VAat-
iKias of the unilerlHkiiig to rw kUnli at could biiril-
Iv be necoinpliaheil. Kul while llWv wire iiV thi^
linpi'iMition, Ibe king eoco)! raged ifiiiiiv ni\i\ iulil
llieni, " He would not |Hill ilonil tlie«r,leniple
ill all things were gotteii riaily for biflhling it
up entirely ufpiin." And nsi lie promised lliem
lliia bi furehiiiiil, to he did luil break' lil^* Wiil^
with them, but got ready n thniiHiiiid wagona,
that v\'ere fo bring it^>iiit for llie tnuhliiig, and
elioWu ojitlen tliouinnd of the iiiuat> aK,ill'iil work-
men, and broiiglit n Ihdiitinid aaceriliUal gar-
inenlt for at limiiy uf (be prieita,' and hw toniu
of theirt tnii(Jrt the art uf stoneeiittcr*, and oth-
ert of carpeiitlf(s, and Ihiin lii;^nn to build, but
Ihi^ ho't till every thing'watw.dll prepared furlhi).
work. ' ,'
3. So Ilerpd look away . lire nid foiinilationa,
i and laid ulhlrrii, and eveCtiil the leinplu upon
till 111, being ill |en);tli n 'hiiiiili'rd cubita, and in
I height twenty uddilioni|J eulilti; wlHvllTt^veuty,]
I upon the sinking of Ihi^i'rfoumlalioni.'f it'll duwit; >.
t Flomeof our uimleth atuihnit In airrliiterture have
nidile aatrailE^o liliinili^r lieri', iVlieit tliry iiu:i»lne that
JiiaepliiiHiillirnia the. entire fouiiilationanf theteinitleor
holy I1011SO aiiiik down liilo llic rorky inniintiiin on
wliirh it atood, tigleaarhnn twenty raliita. wliereat h«
is clear ttiiil tlicy'were tin; fonndntlnns of ihe itihtttittn-
at twenty riililw iinlv bImivb llie liunilrwi. fhiiiile per-
i"*
7'-
haps wctfki>i\'piirpi>ar. and only fur thiiiv ami (ran-
ilciir.)tliataunKur ri'ililoivii, as Dr. Iliiilaun ri.-iillynn-
dcrslnnils ll)in. ^Norla the thin; iiaelf |K>a«il>!i> lu Ilia
other teiiae'. .X'.'ripiia'n jirepnrntiim Air liiililint tlip
Inner pirtli iifii 1 le ii| 'n ivv.'ii ^ i-ii 1 i. iil^hir, (llltio
ryoftheVVar.l'. v.ihnp.i ten ."i,; iaaa(, in all prolu-
hilily, refer lo tliii ip I'ter, •iiicti jo ephiit stys here.
ma
ANTiQtirrib! u^ Tim n:
I
f
Mtl IkU part II wu tkiil Mtii rtuiWvil In mtt*
*g;n(n In Inn iliivi of Nrrn. .\»t», llm lrni|i|fi lyM
liulll iif ■liin>4 Ihol were whila 'ami •lr>Mig, tiiil
varh iitOtrit luniilh win Iwviitf 'Ato i iiliila, ihtir
h«i«hlMi««»l(hl,iiniltliiirl<ri'iMlili kIhiuI lw>l«»i
Kiiil llm wIidI* ■Irurluri', «• iiliu |h» ulriKlurf
III III* rut»l rliiKlxf, Mil* un rwU ,hU iiiui;li
luMrfr, liiil III* tiiii<ill« WM niiiili lilu;li>ir, till llivy
wirii ii«iiil« iM ihiiw Ihul itwtH. lii llir rciiialty
fur » itrtnl man)! rifriuiiR*. liiii rliU'lly i.i lucli *•
li'iml u*rrii||Hiiulllii>iii, ancllliiKo llml i«|i|ir»w'h-
•tJ'li* llroiii. 'I'll* lriii|ilr h«i| •Inura ■l«» Hi lh|i
•lilrHiirr. mill HiilrU nyrr Ihriii u( III* uuil*
bfiilik Mfilli Ihr lriii|ili< itavir. 'I'liri' v>^t* mliirii-
*il wllli miilirutilrri'il vnili, Willi lh< ir Ihiwrr* ul'
iiurplr, mill iiilliirii iiitrrwiivxii: iiii<l titer lti«w,
uut iiiiilir Inn rrowiiwork, wiu •|imiil iiiii ii
Kulilmi « iiiv. H itli ill liriiiii hf • liiiiit(iHi( ifiltVii (tom
• ltr«al 111 ijilki, llii' Inrniiu'M ami lliio wurJiiiMif
ahi(i<if wliK n iviio a •iir|iri>iiiK >lKlil tit (liv •[M-r-
ial>>r<« 111 » (' nrtiiil vH<i iiiiiii'r?iir»ifn r« HiMr)-. mill
Willi wliiilxriDt njiijl llm Hi.rliiiiaii>lii|i wntilonr.
llanUii iiiriiiiipuwiiilllie vnlirr li'iii|ili' wilh Vc^y
lirifi' I'l.iiaJi r<r, i-iiiilrivintf llum In lir in a iliii>
•|)nHiiirtliiil llnri li>; mill In', lu.l mil liirji r 91111K
<>( uiiim I ii|Hi4>li)'iii lliiiii liail limii iI.mii' Im liirp
liiiii, till it ■lO'MM'il lliiil niiiiiH'i l>i' liiiil •'■Krittlly
iiiliirni'il iln> iiiiiiili' IK 111' liiiil ilniii'. 'I'Ihtc win
II liirj;!' Miiilt l-t liiltli tlii< rl'iKlir^, ivliiilj tuHl nnn
il«ll' till' t iiriMliKiiiiM wurjt iliiit tviM I'trr
III ai'i( III lit mm/' 'I'hii hill hik i| r<i< ky ti>ri'iii,
III it un liiii'il l>«^1li')(i'ii'ii liiniif'la ill! ni-l pitrU
111' llif lily, til^ It iiiiiif to nil ticviitiil U»i'l.
'I'liln lull it «ii« wliii'li SiiliiMiiiii, wlin lyii* Ihc
liral 111' our liiiiK>. by ilivliin rrti liitiiin. inifam*
|:)ii««il wall a Willi', it uiii III' itiulli'iit^ vviirk-
iiiiiii>liip upwunia, ami rniiitil tlm |ii|i iif' lb. Up
nUii limit u Willi lii'liiiv, In ^iuniiiK iit tin Iwirflmii,
wliii'li Wim riKiiiiiiiiiiiM'il liy a il>'i'|r riilliy; anil
nt III!' •oiilli liili' 111' liiiil ri)i.'k« tnifi.t'lirr, mill
buuiul tlicni oiii' tu nmilhi'i' nilh liml, rm) in-
cluilnl 1111111' tit' llm iniirr iinrl*, tiU it pniPtxtU'il
liiaK"'"' liciiclil. iiiiiltill Ituth tni' lnricrnriK at
III* iiiunrti rililU'i'„ villi Mn nliijuili , wmi im-
minu', ami till lliu VniitlM(ii<>f tli« ulunv* in the
front viKrv (ilalnlr vi>.ible nre lliv nuUiiln, nt li)
thai tha inwiinl |iiirt« wi'iw fnataniiil lo^cthrr
with iron, mill |iri'iirr>i-il lliv Joljtlk iiiiiiiiitvaliki
fur all future liiiiiii. Whi n iIih noik [iiir thi>
l'uunilnliiin{ wik iliiiir in thin innnntr, aiWI {niiiiil
tu^thiT III part of Ihi' lull lUilf li llir ri'ry l(i|i
nt it. hi' wriiti<;ht il |ill iiilo oa« uiilivanl nUjnM'i',
mill lillril up till' hnlluw plii<ti wliirh wni- rtiftiit
the wall, nnil iiiiidii it a li vt I on thr vxti riiiil nfi-
pt'r,inrl'iii-i-, and U miiuuth li'Vcl aluo. Tbiii hill
WA( whIIi'iI nil riiiiiiil, and in iiiiiipiiM t'uur Ijir-
lonKi, [the iliitanrr ufl vncli anitle inntNinin^ iii
lennth a fiirhiig ! Ijitt WilMll Itiin waft, iiiiirnn ll»fe
v"y top of uU, Ihurt^ ran tiiiolhcr wall of iilime
■Uu, hii»in(f, nil Ifil- iiHut qiiiirttr, 11 il.iMbli- cluii-
>r, of' till! MMr leiif^lli ivith tin' iviill; in |lw-
midil nf whfch tvm iho li-nipli> itiif If. 'rhii
l^iKltT luoki'd Id Ihi' ftBti't ot thf trnipip; nmi it
.had bi'fii'iilririiiil In many kliiiiJi in lurnier tiling.
Anil i-uurtd aluMil tht itUfri- Umpli' werr fixrii tlu-
ipnilt tiiken rnnn Imrlla.^iini nntiim>: t|| thi'Sf
littd birn di'iticiiiid to Iliii >rinpb' by H«rod, with
the ail^jlion i-i' lliuiie he bud takitu fruni the
■ Arnhintf,
■J. Naw on lliu north «iiln [of iho ||inpli!] wan
liuift u rilitdi I, nhiiii' H'alU neru muare, tind
•triinn, and "f « xlraiinlinnry lirinilr<<i. This nita.
del wan built by the kiiiK* iif the Ainioni'an
racr, who were al^ hi'eh pricMi bifiire lltrod,
ond they calb d H the Towt/r, in ivliich were re-
(maitcd Ibr ti^lnienta of the hisli prieit, which
the hiifh firii.«t only pul nn iif Ihi- film. i..|i..n >,.
ir<HlYMii«|fMii ^lii<r,lMiNA*r kiid«iltiilif|i
"' "aw ""' |»^'H»'r ''( til" MuiiMiu, ilinil ititi
n- iil"'rHi.rto« Ciaijiin imihr tClnDw rrntM Vi-
war'
liiiK' iil'^'F'Hii rjj,« fJii'j'U.fc imihr ffliiHw rffjJM
IvIbiH, llii' plpijilvitl III' ^hWl ¥^l•ul Im Anru
rani' lu ilcritaitlrin, and lirnl lir«ii liiinl H>«(n|ll-
ernlly r«e>i««tl lij Ihr ninltiliidc, iiad a niiiiil In
nii,ki< Ihaiit «Hna mipiilai tor llif kindiiaia Ihty
had •liuwid bjiWi «i>, uuim Ihtii- |«»liliim In liaur
thiM* hull n^'tiHi nt> In tlipir iiWn |iuw»r, ha
wmla aliniit Ihi'iii M Tibirlita (V^r, who iriuil-
• d hi< ri-ipiiali aiiil thia lliair |H^ii>r nvcr iTia an-
lanlnlal M'tnicntK i:iinlinui'd Miitit tha.J'Hi* 'iH
Iha daulh iif kliiK A^ri|^pai Jiul laflrr that. C'aa-
alua l,im|.'iiiii), wbafnu** priaidfiil iif Hyria. and
f'uapina ( ndiia, wild wiia |inii iirtflur of Judrn,
enjiilnad the Jt wa ti| ri |Kiail llijiao tealnifnla^iu
lb* Tnwar iif- Antnnia, liir tbi^l Ibry iiught la
l|n«« iheni in Iht Ir |i<mi'i', ua Ihily lurinvrly had.
tliiwpv«l, the Jtwa (itni niiibn<L*iliir> ll^Clnudi-
ua (.'ii'anr, III inllrredi' with IihIi fur iIiciii, u|Hin
tvliiiM eiiinliiK, kiiiK AKri|i|iii, Juu. iivinu; lli*n af
lliiinr, aakad fur,.ii<nl ublainnl, the power uvfr
I thfiil iViMli the eniperiir, who (live Ciiininunil tu
I Vilrlliua, nliu wiia then rinniimiiiler in Syria, |u
; Kite it till III Hi'i'urdinnlyv liel'urr |hiil linu-.lhry
I were kept under Ibu ae«l nf the liiab prieai,
and iif III! Ill iiaiirera iif thi' teiuplis ithii'li triu
allien, tin i!.n btfure'n tialiviil, «inl u|i tu thi
lliineiii riipiiiin iif llie ti iiipb' ;>iiurd<, and kiilw
ed llieir own aeiij, mid rii'iiketl the italinelila;
.and HKtiin, nliin Ihe I'liativiil wiia uter, tin \
bniuitbt llii'iii lu tlie iiiine |di|i'i', mid abuivi d the
I riiplii'in ul' Ilie l< iiiple Kuurda their and, ubiiji
I i'iirrea)ioiMled tt lib bia ami, mid re|niaite<l tin in
llirrv.. Ami Ibnl tbeiie tliiii;(a nere an, the alllli -
I tiiina thnt bapfieiied t«i iia allirwHid [aliiiulthrm
, are anltieieiit evideiisir lint t'lir tini lower itaelfi
\ when Hi hid llie klllf; ul' tliu Ji iva liiwl rurlilled
j It mure liniily limn beriire,)H order tu anenri' and
Kuurd the lipinplaf, be ((ratifiid Anloniui, wbu
una bii Irietid, and the Kuninii ruler, and thin
(favii It the nanip iif the 'I'ower of Ant.inin.
a. .Now ill llie weatirn f|iiBrtii» of the enel.).
«nre, of l#ie ti iiijile there «i re four u»te«; the
i tiral liiil 10 the kliiK'a piilin'e, nnil went to n pn*-
i anBrt ovvr tlie intertiiediata viillev ; two more bil
I to the anbnriia of the rily; and tlin h't ledlothi.
oilier ritt, when' the roiiil defi-eiided down Inlu
* the vnlliy liy a Kreiit number of atepa, and theiii 1
i up nff"'" hy the nai-ent; for the eilv liiy over
I U!;ainat the teniplu in t|iit ninnner ot a tiiiiitre.
and \vni enr/ilupaa^ed by n deep viilley nlon|f
the entire touth ipiarler;'liul tlio fourth frnlitui
the temple, Wliii'b iva« 111111 bivurd, Jnid indeeil
ilaelf ifiUea ill ita niid(tll>, na iilsn il bud the ruyal
I'luiater, with lliwe wirfka uhieh rtnt'lietl in
length troin the eni-t valley unto Ibnl (in the >vei.l,
i for it Waa iniJHiaaible it vhoulil reaeh any farther:
a.idtbiacloialer diaervea. to be uieiitioned better
ihini any other under the aiin; for while the val-
ley w-aa very deep, and ita bolloni could Hut hi;
teen, if von looked from iibuve into the depth.
thia fartlier vnntly liiiii elevation of the <;|uiitci'
utouit'upou thill beiifhl, inaomuch, Ihul if tiny
Olio looked ilimn from the too of the Uattle>
■ iiienta, or (hitt n both llioae nitiliiiira, Ih" would
1ms (jWdvi u Idle Iii4 aight could not rench In huiIi
an ihiuienae depth. 'I'hia cloister bud pillnr-
tboft atbod III fourrowii one overojfninat the other
I allaloBK, fnr III*' fonrib row wna interwoven into
tb« ivall, [which nUo viat built of atone jljiid
the tnirkmsa of cuch pillnr waa auch, tbnt'three
I men niiftbt, with their urnia exteinled, fmhoni it
round, and join their liaiiil<) aj^uin, while iiaten^tb
, waa Iweijty-aeven feet, with il double apirnl at ita
I baaia; and Ihe numbe'r of all the pillur« [|n that
cour t ] U n a a hu n dred n i iil a intytwo. — Their c ha —
These vealinenti king; | pilcn were made wilh sculptured iifter the Co-
riiril
*^w
who
llttal
l*r'
em II
niiiii
foil,
lilly
thu
tile
than
adoi
aent
iniir
(nm
Inra
wiia
_Maa
and
Thn
will
Koai
by t
thin
imiii
Ita
|«.p
«iit
I una
i^ani
pie
loll
Ihtri
<1awl
tern
leiu
• ,
1. N
houi
tu t
but I
Inlu
wile
bill
eoui
hinv
Ibrei
c6l
.11
I
6
y
;
mm
aire
wh
rou
law
hut
wh
but
•oil
tbl
livt
thn
me
rel
to I
was to oiler aiirrilice.
Iliat thin wlilch hail fallen ilown wiia iteaiKneil 16 l,e apppara liy the, parnllel plnre, h. xi. rlmp.lx.
mtiPil up neidii miller Nero, nridcr whoiil Ajrippii . ami otiicr pliirea. to lie men
fiiaitctlinr pri'finratinn. niit what /nm>pli||g aayp ji'e- ' - - -
Mnlly, that Solotdon woa tlioflrat king of the Jfavi, [
_ J ,, , ., „ - . - ..-: , - .lint only tlic tiral otJUnvhTa
maitellinlpri'iinratinn. nm what /mepliiiaaaypp'e- ; niMerlty.aiKl ttiu^llrit liuililcr ofthcltuivla.
fur
-fe..
■■■f
I
i-
I
>(
t
•'#
tl)<l
Vt.
nnoK XV.— CHAP. XI.
»9
riMkUn nrilrf, ft.t I i^^iiMiil »» nnmi-Hirnl 'n ••••
•(wi-tiilnr", I l>) ti ii«'>ii mC th# Kr.imlt iir .it ll"'
wh'ilr rhi'«i*f tiir r.ii«> uf |illliir' iiii Imlril lhr< •'
titlormU fur witUiiifr in Ihr niliMlo iif lhl«4 l.ii«-
Ur! Iwo <>r wlikh waUt wim iiiii<l« |Mr«ll> I l«
rmh ilhvr, anil wrro ri>Hlri«ril nfltr thr aniiia
iiiaiiii»ri (li« lirrmllli »( rath iil ttitiii WM tlitrly
Ivt I, lh« IrniiHl ««•• > liirl'itiK. k'kI •ill" hfiitil
liUy Icrl, liifl |li« lirimllli »i ihr niulillo |»irt »(
Ihn I |.ii>lrr H** OH* himI « Imll nf IV iilbiT. *ml
lhi< hrlKhl WiK iliiulih', I'lir il wm iiiiirh hiKlirr
Ihmi lliiiw OH »»«ili "iilt'l li«l til* ti>i)l\ »rr«
iiliirncil Willi (III |i ••'iilpluri't In W'tml, r»-|ir<'-
triiliiii; iiinii) •<irl4 i,( ttififrvd Ihi' iiiM.llc mm
iiiiirli niKhir lli.iii lllr ri<l, iih<l llii.nrall of lli<'
front WH* «iliirii>il Willi liuKiiit, rxliMK ufHiii |iil-
Inrt itiHl wi'ri' liilrrtViivrn lulu II. Niul lliiil Iniiil
wa* ittl.of |tiili>hi<il •litiini liiuiiiiii'li, lliHl il< rtiM"
■MM. t» •ui'li ii« liiiil not •vin ll, niN> liii'rt'ilililf.
iiiit l4i >iit'h >• ImiiI ii'Vii il, Wu« Kr< iitly amitting.
Thii* WHi till' liral I iii'liMiirii, in llii' ihIiUi of
tvliii'li, mill niil iiir frvin il, wii» (lir xiiinii, to li«
Kono u)i III by n !• w t{f]»\ <hi< uio fiiiriiiiiimi-at'il
liy * •liiii« Willi l.ir » |Mrllliiin, tvilli Ulii tn'i'ri|i-
^{^tn, wIik:Ii liirliiulK any I'liri'iKnir li>|t'> in nnilrr
tmin iif ili'Klli. Niiw, llil> iuiii r <ni iiKurt' linil mi
rt« •iiMlli«ri» anil luirlhi'm i|uarli'r»' Itin << Kiilrn
f*i|ually| (litliiiit Irniii iiiii- Himllirr; lull ■>» lhi>
4ail i|uarli>r, lnwiinla iIik aunriiiiiK. Artv w«<
una larnii (jiilr, lliriin|fll wliii li nuill a« \k, re ^Mirii
(fanit! ill, lii(t"'lli<r wiln Ihnir ivi- Imt di. Kin-
|il« tuMlirr inuaril in lliiit r , , as not »U>h<'>I
to Iha wiiniin; lint tlill »< " ■uv^ril wiia ilii'rn ii
Jkinl fi'iiiirt of lh«{ li
'lawful fur an^ tiut llu'!
tample ilwll wna wi( <^
(iiuplB waa lK» atta.- . u,mi
• lain ana* 0/ (»«•» ttmt it4 Huff Ihrni 'ttUr ( t. a.
1. Nol Into tlifl rMHrtof III* iirlrat ; '.', nor jiin' ilia holy
liouM llMlf ; " nar Into Iho aupHrala |iln<'' l'< loniliiR
to tlin altar, 1 ^ t%fi wnriU fiiiliiwIiK Imply; for iioiio
but prii'at*. nr iliicir ■IIi'iiiliiiiK III* l.rvllrii, nilnlil iimiid
iniii aiijiol lliiwi. I«<i< Antl<|. I>. ivl. rliiiii. iv. ■pil.ll,
wllfm Meriirl itiMia Into thu tiMjitvli!. iiikI inaK|.« n aitiMi-h
In II to tile iNNIpIn ; tait tlmi rnulil only he hito the
court Of IwMl wliitlior Iho |i«opl<^c»ulil roiiia 10 liv.ir
him.
t Thia trailillmi win li JiHHiplnia h«rn niPnllona nail«
lliranul down fnim fjilliiirii lothrlr rlillilrrn,iiri)ila nnr
tifalar reluarknkhi cIrcuuiManM r«UllU( to Ilia bailkllng
, .^^ — . . a— _
■ fMntii It waa nut
i»« tuvutt'r. Till'
iind brfon* that
,«iiii:li wi! ulTcr our
aairlAi'i a ami Inirnl-olRrlaita In Uni\. Inlii ii.ina
III iliK. Ihr.i' itt.l kiiiM Miri.1 anltr.* lor !«• w«*
l.irlii'I'li'H, liriaiiar lir Wi>> not n pfiaat. Iliiwa«*r,
h» liHik I'lirr nl Ihr rl.mli ra, aiHl Ih* iiMirr •■•
rliiaifna, ami Ihrac li» liuill In 'IrIII trara
A, llnl thr lrni|il» Itarll waa liiilll I7 lh«
iirirala in a )>rar ami •i^ innnlhai U|i<mi Hhii h uti
Ihf |iriipl* wrra lull III joy, ami iirr.rntlj iHrjr
rrlurilril lhiin|i>, In tlir Aral n\,v>r In liinl, nihI in
Ihx lint lilart, Inr tlii' alarritv thi- IiIiik hwl
.•howi'il. Thry trnaii'il, ami ii lihralvil thia r«-
Inill'lliut of thr liinpli'' Hinl U* llli )i\n\^, Ka
aarriHt*'!! ihtrii minilrtil ii\rn ■'■ (iimI, aa illil
Ihr iral, rvrry nnr ui'i.'iirilliiK tn l«* alillltji I lk«
nnnilirr of wli|r|i a»i-rl(lii'« la mil piia>itili In Kn
art iliiwn, fttr il raniiiil In Unit wr aliiMilil triiljr
rrl«li> ill flip at Ihr 'iinir lima Willi Ihia 1 ■ lilirn-,..
lion for Ihr work ahiinl llir Irniplr, I'l II al-o iha
jay of Ihr klnxa inaiiKurati'iii, wIik'Ii hr kapl of
an "lit riialnin «• « ttiliViit, wiit \\ nnwrnmrnlrH
with Ihr othrr, Wliii'h I'liliiriilrmr of itirntalNilll
niailr tlir fratianl iiiori' illli>lrion«.
T. THrrr wna iilai> an mi'iill piiaait)(r. tiiiill fur
tha InaK: it Inl Irinu Anlnnia !> lh< innrr trnt-
lllr, al III raatrrn Kalr; iiirr mIui'Ii lir iitau rrai't-
III iVir Kifiiarif a liiwrr, that hr iniishl ha«r iha
op|Hirlnnily of a «nlilrrriiiitioiia Marmt lo Iha Irm-
plr. Ill iinlrr to Kuiirt i>;riiTn<t an) anlilion wbirh
niiKliI lio iniiilr liy tlir |iri>|ilr aKainal tlirir kMlia.
Il la iil.o nporU'il.t llial liuniiK Ihr lluir 1)^ lh<
Il nipli wiH Imililliiic, K <ll<l mil rain in ««l ilajf-
tliiir, hill llmt till' ahnwi ra fi II In thr nrjttil, "O
llml llir work wua liiit liinilrra'tl Ami lliia oUr
fiitlirr* havr ilrUvrrril In ua; iluria it ilD'rrillliW,
if any »<w liiivr rrnaril I" llir inniail'i «l»(iiina of
(■oil. Ami lliua wna p> rliiriiinl lkii> work of ilia
ribuililiiiK of Ihr tmiple.
nf llaroifatanpla, la a ilcniiiiialratluti that anrli Ha liulld-
Initwaa a known lliln? Id Jmlmi In li|« lim». Ha wa«
I ..ni tint forly an yraraaftri ,1 la rrlulwl ha iiavn liaan
liiilatiril. nnil mlihl liliiMrir h;>v« airn anil aiMikrn with
anmriil'llKi l>nllii(<ia lli<-ma«IVi'a, mid witli u ura-al inim-
hnrofllMiar Hint haitatrn 11 l'iillilln». Tlir iloiiht ilirra-
rorralnml lhi>lriilli of rlila lilaiiiry of llir pnlllnii ilowa
and rrlmiMlin tliU Irmplo liy ll<>iiiH, wliir li anrtir wank
proplr iiiivn Indnlinl. wna nol ilii'n niiirh iiramr tliaa
It aoiin iniiy lii>, wli«ll'«rur ll»l onr Hi. I'aiil'a rliiirrh
In lonilim wiuiliurnlilamniailifl ilmol'l.unilon, A.IX
llliMI,Miid retiullt liy HIr (■hrWupliei VVtan u lltlWalUf-
ward, ■ . .
BOOK XVI. . \^
»t)NTAINISfi TIIEINTEIlVAI.OFTVVKt.VK VKAHC-FftOM TUK FfSIBHINO OF TlfKTRMPLB
UV IIBHOII TO TIIF. IIKATH OF AI.KXANDF.R ANI> AKIHTOBUI.DB;
; CHAP. K;
.llattw of Herod ahoiil Thirvtif^ Salome and
Phtroritt ctdiimnialt A^ia^iBrand ./rii/o-
biilnx upun Ihtir Htlurnfrofnjio\yt,/br u-hiim
ycl Hriiid providet H'irtt.
5 '• Ak king HptikI wa» very iriilona in ihetMl-
ininialrntiiili uf bii rutira Kuvrrniiiinl. anil <l^-
airiiua to put a atop to ^lejrticulnr acta of inju«ti<'r
which wurv done by rriiuinala about the rity ami
rouhtry,' h*" iiindc a law nowav like our oni^imil
lawa, nnil which he viinrtt'il of biniarlf,. to <,'!(.i)(i«<>
lioiitrbre&krra to bv FJrctnl out uf liia kingdom^;
which puni->)iiiirn( waa not only |;rit'Voiia tu lii'
home by thr oH'rnilrra, but contaiuid in it u ilix-
aoliilioU of the I'uatoina of uUr fiirrfuthira; fur
thia •liivtrv lo fora-ij^nrra, anil »uch ai did not
livr aftrr the iniliint'r of Juiyi, and thia ncivnaitv
^h^>^ thrr u'lTr iiiuirr to ilo whiitaorvrr aiirh
•hiill 111' anid iiidrcd, but not to fiirri|;nrra, nnr •<>
tliiit hr br umlrr prrprtniil aliivrry, lor hr iiiuat
Inivii l.rrn rrlraai d iil'lir ai\ yritra, lint thia
faw, ihiia rnin'trd, in iirdrr lo intrndiirr a acyrra
and illrgal pnni^Jinn nli arrini d lo hr ii |iirrr uf
iiiaoli iicR in Ilrr.id, wlirn hv did nol art nf «
kiiiif, but IK a tyrunt, and IIiiih iiniti uiptuoualy,
unilwitliuut niiy rrffurd to liia anlijiru, did he
yciltur^f to iiitrodui'r anrli 1^ puniihiiiriit. ^ow
thia pn'iraliy, thin briiUKht into prarlirr, wua Ilk*
i|i!roir« lillirr actloKa, mni birnnie n part of hit
ui'CUMitioii, and an occuaioii of the halrrd hr lay
undtiT.
2/ Now at thia tiinr It wna that hr anilrd to
Itafv, a» vrry drarrmn to mrrt with Ciraiir, m>i\
to/ser hii aona who livrd nl Roinr; nnd Ciran»,
a not only vrry. olilii^iiip; to him in other
prria, but delivrrrd liiiii hia aons aicnlii, that
i; i ;ht lakf tlirin hiiiiir with hinl. na tiHviny
/
i
inrn ahonid coniniatid, wiia all otrrnceni^ninat our
rrlii;iou« stttU'inrnl, riithef thnll w puniirhiiiru
to aiich ua wire found to diave ollrmlrd, anch
puiiiahinrrit tiring avu'idrd in nur original InWi .
for th'Mo inwa orduin, tlmt the thW "hall rriiore
lourfuid: uiid. that if he have nofhio luucti; he
nirrady coniplrtrd thrmarlvra in thr aririioea;
hut as aoon hb thr young iiirn wrro roiiie from
Italy, the niultitnde wfre very deairoua to tee
them, and they brininc conatiiciipiH among thain
all, 01 adomrd with );rrnt-blra«inKt ol I'orluiie,
and haying the countcmincea of pcnoiii of ro>>l
di(n>i«y- So thev soon «np«Brei] to be th« objecU
ANTl<imTIE3 OF THE JEWiS.
I
k ■
t:
of jDvy (o isalome, the kiiig'i lialcr, and to tucb
u had rained calumniei again>t Mariniiine: for
Ihey were •uipicious, that when Ihrte caiiin to
the (foveriiiiieut, they «tiould lie punished for the
Wickedness they had been guiUy of against their
mother: so they luadethia very fear of theirs ■
motiTC to raise calnninies. against thehi also,
rhfey gav* it out that they were not nieased
with their father's company, because he had put
their nioth^ to death, as if it were not agreeable
to piety to appear to converse with their mother's
niurderer. Now by carrying these stories, that
-had indeed a true foundation [in the fact] but
were only built on probabiliticiNu to the present
accusation, they were able to do tlieiii mischief,
. and to make flerod lake away that kindness
from hn tons which he had before borne to them,
for they did not say these things to him o|>enly,
but scattered abroad such words among the rest
of the multitude; from which words, when car-
ried to Herod, he was induced [at last] to hiite
'J*?"*; nnd which natural alTection itnelf, even in
X'tw "O""*' was not able to overjConie; yet
W the king at that time in a condition to prefer
tlw natural aflection of a father before ali Jihe
suspicions and calumnies his sons lay under; so
be respected them ao h,e ought to do, and mar-
ried them to wives, now they were of an age
tuitable thereto. To Aristoljulus he rave for a
wife Bermce, t^alonie's daughter, anj to Ale»-
■nder, (;ia(>liyra, the daughter of Archelaus,
king of Cappadocia.
.CHAP. II. ^
How Herod ItDtee tailtd to Jlgrippa; and how,
upon the Comalaint of the Jtwi in Ionia against
the fireela, Agrippaconjirmedihe Latofofthe
Jtvit to thim.
M- When Herod had despatched these affairs,
■nd he understood that Marcus AgriApa had sail-
ed again out of Italy into Asia, he made haste
to hiin, and besought him to come to hini into bis
kingdom, and to partake of what he might justly
expect from one that had~be«p his guest, and was
bis friend. Thi».reque8t he greatly pressed, and
to_ It Agripua agreed, and came into Judeft;
whereupon Herod omitted nothing that might
please him. He entertained him in hisiiew-built
cities, and showed him the edifices he had built
and provided.^ sorts of the best and most costly
dainties for him and his friends, and that at Se-
ba^ite.and Cajjarea, about that poi-t that he hud
built, and at the fortresses which he bad erected
at great expenses, AlexaBdrium, and HerAdium,
and Hyrcania. H« also conducted him to the
citjr Jerusalem, where all the p«jonle met him in
their lestivnl garnienis, and received him with
acclamations. Agrippa aUo offered n hecato.ub
of sacrilicrs to tiod, and feasted tlic people
without omitting any of.the greatest dainties that
could be gotten. He also took so much plea-
sure there, that he abode many days with them
and would willingly have staiif longer, but that
the season of the year made him make haste
away; for, as winter was coming on, he thought
it not safe to go to sea later, and yet he was of
necessity to return again to Ionia.
2. So Agrippa went away, wh«h Herod had
tiestowed on him, and on the principal of those
that were with him, many presents; but king
Herod, whin he had passed the winter in his
■ own doniiiiions, made hoste to get to hini again
in the spring," when he knew he designed to go
to a campaign at the Bospborus. So wh?n
be had sailed by Rhodes, and by Cos, lie touch-
ed at Lesbos, as thinking he should have over-
taken Agrippa there, but he was taken short here
by a north wind, which hindercil his sliip fnmi
going to the shore; so hc continued many days
•t Lbios, and there he kindly treated a great
many that came to hini, and obliged them by
giving them royal gifts. And when he saw that
the portico of the city was fallen dowTi, which,
as It was overthrown in the Mithridatic war, and
wa» a very large and line buildfng, so was it not
so easy to rebuild that, as it was the rest; yet did
he furnish a sum tiot only large enough (or that
gurpose, but what was more than sufficient to
nish the building, and ordered them not to over-
look that portico, but to rebuild i» quiokly, that
so the «ity might recover its proper Waments.
Ami when the high winds were laid, hc sailed to
Mylilene, and thence to Byianlium; and when
he heani that Agrippa was sailed beyond theCy-
anenn rocks, he made all the haste iwssiblc to
overtake him, and came up with himabout^i-
nojie, in Ponlus. He was seen sailing by the;
shipmen most unexpectedly, but nppeareil* t||i
their great joy; and many friendly salutation*
there were between them, insomuch that Agrip*
pa thought hc had received the greatest marks
of the king's kindiiesi'and hunianit>.4owardshiiu
possible, since the king had roineso long ■ voy.
age, %nd at a very proper season, for his assist-
ance, and bad left the govcrmwint of his own do-
minion», and thought it more worth his ^hile to
come to him. Accordingly, Herod was all in
oil to Agrippa in the management of the war,
and a grieat assisldnl in civil affairs, and in giving
him counsel as to particular inatteis. He was
also n pleasant companion for him when he re-
laxed himself,' and a joint partaker with him in
all things: in troubles, because of his kindness,
and in prosperity, because of the respect Agrippa
had for him. Now as spon as thoseaffairs of Pou-
tus were finished, for whose sake Agrippa was
sent thither, they did not think fit to return by '
sea, but passed through I'aphlagonia and Cap-
pulocia; they then travelled thence over Great
Phrjgia, and came to Kphesus, and then they
sailed from Kphesus to ^nios. And indeed the
king bestowed a great many benefiU on i very,,
city that he came to, according as they hIiumI hi
need of them; for as for those that wanted either
iiioney or kind treatment, he was not wanting to
them ; but he supplied the former himself out of
hw own expenses: he afso became an intercessor
With Agrippa, for all such as came after his favor,
and he brought things so about, that the petition-
ers fjiiled in none of their suits to him; Agrippa
lietng hiniselr of a good disposition, and ofgreat
generositv, and ready to grant all such requests .
as might be advantageous to the petitioners, pro- -
yided they were not to the detriment of others,
fhe inclination of the king was of great weiglit
also,and still excited Agrippa, who was himself
ready to do good ; for he made a reconciliation
between the people of Ilium, at whiim hc was
angry, and paid what money the jicoplc of Cliioj
owed Cipsar's proctirators, and discharged them
of their tril)Ute»; and helped all others according
as their several necessities required.
3. liut now, when Agrippa and Herod were in
lonin, n great multitude of Jews, who dwelt in
their cities, came to them, and laying hold of the
opportunity and the liberty now givciUheiii, laid
before them the injuries which >rtNyf suffered,
while they were not permitted t* use^eir own
laws, but were compelled to prosecute their law-
suits, by the ill usage of tlie Judges, upon their
holydoys; and were deprived of the inoiiev they
used to lay up at Jerusalem; and were forced
"?'r i**! """>'• ""'' "P"" «""=h other offices as
obliged them to spend their jiacred money: from -
which burdens they always used to be freed by
tlic Koinans, who had still permitted them to live
according to their own laws. When this clamor
was made, the king desired of Agrippa that he
would hear their cause, and assigned Nice^liiiis,
one o f hi s friend s , to plead fo r t h o se th ei r p r m^ — r^
leges. Accordingly , wh» n Agrippa had called
the {iriacipal of tli« Koiiians, and such of the
IJOOK XVI.— CHAP. II.
■■^ <:
325
king* iinil riilcri in wit* lhrri>, lo Ijp hit n««'iiii-
on, NicuUui •tixiil up, and nlcuiliiU f.ir/llir Jctvi
u follnwt: "It it ol iirnriiiilv iiii'niiihentoniiiicn
ni arr in diitrrM to hnvv rvrmirii)' tii lliooe Iniit
havi' it ill their power to frro ihi iii Irniu ihnie in-
juriea they lie uiiilvr; anil fur tliote that now are
coinpl«inant«,the)-.appri>ar,h you with preut a»-
■uraiire; for at they have roinirrly iifleii ob-
UineU your fnvor, id far n» lliiy havn even
witlied to have it, they now only entreat that
you, who have been the tliMiori, will take rnre
that Ihotc fuvort you have already graoleil them j
may not be taken away frniii them., Wc have ;
received theae faviira from yi)n, who alone have |
power to grant them,' but have them taken from i
ua by aucH aa are no grcftler than puraelvea, and
by iuch as wc know arc aa much tubjeeta aa »e
■re: and certainly, if we have been vouchaafed
ercat favora, it la to our cnniiiH'ndation, who
nive obtained them, at having been fi>unil dc-
■erviue of aiich ereal favora; ami if thriae fa-
ATori 6e but aniull onea, it would be barbaroiia
HIT the donOra not to confirm them tons; and
for thoae that arc the hiriderance of the Jena,
and uae them reproachfully, it it evident that
' they alfront both the receiVcra, while they will
not allow those to be worthy men to <vhoiii their
excellent rulers theniaelvea have borne their tes-
timony; and the dohora, while they desire thoae
favora already eranled may be abrogated. Now
if any one aliould ask these (tcntiles themselves,
which of the two Ihingi the}' would choose to
part with, their lives, or the cuatoins of their
forefathers, their toleinnitici, their sacrifices,
their festivnit, which they celebrated In honor
of those thi'y suppose to be gods? I know ver\'
well that they would choose to aufler any thing
whatsoever, rather than a (lissoltttion of any ot
the customs of their forefathers; for a. great
knany of them have rather chosen to ^o to war
on that account, as v«ry solicitous not to trans-
gress in. those inatllft: niid indeed we take an
estimate of that happiness which iijl mankind do
now enjoy by your menus from this very thing,
that we are alloived every one to worship ns our
own institutions require, and v< t to live [in
peace,] and allhougn they would not be thus
treatetl themselves, yet ilo they endeavor to
compel others to comply with them, as if it Were
not M great an instance of iiiipiuty, profanely lo
dissolve the religious solemnities of any others,
as to be negligent in the observation of their
own towards their gods. And let us now con-
sider the one of these practices: is there any
people, or city, or comniunity of men, to whom
your govemmant and the Roman power does not
appear to be the greatest blessine? Is ^erc any
one that can desire to make voiu the favors they
^ave granted? No one is certainly so mad: for
there are no men but such ashave been partakers
of their favon,..bplh piiblii; and private; and in-
deed those that (ajie qWay- wKat you have grant-
ed, can have no assiiqincev but eveiy one of
their own grants liiade them, by you, may be
taken from tnem alio; wljich grants of yours cant
yet never be sufficiently valued ; for if they con-
aider the old goviernments, under kings, together
with your present goTcriiment, besides the great
number of benefits which this governmentliath
bestowed on them in order to their happiness,
this is instead of all the rest, that they appear to
be no longer in a slate of slavery, but of free-
dom. Now the privileges we desire, even when
we arc in the best circuioatancea, are not such
ai deserve to be envied, for we are indeed in
a prosperous ^tale by your means, but this is
only in common with- others; and it is no more
than this which we desire, to preserve our religion
without any prohibition; which as it appears not
* W e m ay l i cro olwcrvo the anci e nt practic a of th e
in itself a privilege id be. cflvied us., so It li for
the advanlau;e ol those thai grant it lo ut; for if.
the Divinity de|i:;lil4. in heiiiE honoi'ed, hf iLmsI
delight in Ihote that iierni.l hlin lo lie honored :
and there are mine 61 our euatoms nhirh are in-
human, but nil tending to piety, and devoted to
the preservation of jiislice; I'lor ((o we conceal .
these injunclioni) of iturs, br which we giivorn our
lives, they iM'ing iiiemorinla of piety, anil of •
friendly canvertalion among men: niiil the se-
venth day we set apart from labor; it js dedica-
ted to the learning of uiir customs and laws,* we
thinking it proptr to retlcrt on them, ns well at
on nny [good] thing else, in ordertoour avoiding
of Itiii. If nnv one, therefore, examine Into our
observances, he will find they are good in them-
selves, and that they arc ancient also, lliough
some think otherwise, insomuch, that those who
have receiveil them cannot easily be bronght to
depart from them, out of that 'honor they pay
to the length of time they have religiously en-
joyed them'; and observed theiii. Now our ad-
versaries take these our ((rivileges away, in the
Way of i'inusllce:the3r violently sriie Upon that
money of ours which is offered lo (!ml, and called
sacred money, and this openly, after a sacrile- .
giouia manner; nml they iin|M)se tributes upon us,
and bring us before tribunals on holy days, and
then require other like ,debts of us, not because
the contracts require it, or for their own advan-
tage, but because they would put an afl'ronton
our religion, of which they are conscious as well
as we, and have indul;;;ed themselves in an un-
just, and lo them involuntary hatred ; <or your
f government over all is one, lending to the esla-
dishing of benevolence, and abolishing of ill-
will among such ns are disposed to it. This i*
therefore what we implore from thee, most ex-
cellent Agrippn, that we may not be ill-treatcit;
that we may not be abused ; that wc may not be
hinden^d from making use of our owh cusldms;
nor be despoiled of our goods; nor be forceil by
these men lo do what «'e ourselves force nobody
to do; for these privileges of onrs are not only
accorvliiig to justice, but have been granted ui
by you. And we arc able to read to you many
decrees of the senate, and the tables that con-
^n Ihein, which are still ex^nt in the capitol,
concerning these things, which it is evident were
granted after you had experience of our fidelil*
towards yon, and «»hich ought to be vuluccr,
though no such fidelity had bet'ii ; for you have
hitherto preserved what people were in posses-
sion of, not to us only, but almost to all ni< n. and
have added greater advantages than they could
have hoped for, and thereby your government ia
become a great advantage 10 thirni. And if any
one were able to enumerate the benefits y^u have
conferred on every nation, which they possess by
your means, he could never put an end lo hii
diaftootse; but that we may demnns|ralc that
we are not unworthy of all those advantages wc
have obtained, it will be suflicient hf us to say
nothing of other things, but to speak freely of
this king who- now governs us, and is now one of
thy assessors: and indeed. In what instance of
good-will as to your bouse, hath he been de-
ficient? What mark of fidelity , to it hath he
omitted? What token of honor ha|h he not
devised? WKat occasion for his assistance of
you hath he not regarded at the very first?
Wha^hindereth, therefore, but that your kind-
nesses may be as numerous ai hit so great be-
nefits to you have beei(. It may lilto perhaps be
fit here not to pass over in silence the valor of
his father Ahtipater, who, when Cssnr made an
expedition into Kgypt, assisted him with two thou-
sand armed men, and proved inferior to none, nei-
ther in the battles on land, nor in the management
t aiii a.aw ( llotli e meil i tat t on o n th s law of M esei . Th e
Jasrs, of dedlcaiinc the ^ahhath-dajr not to idlenesa,
tat to the learning their lacred rltet and religious cai'
nke to which we meet with die
■galMl' Apion', b. I. sect. 93.
In JowpbMalM
V
ANTiaUITIES OP THfi JEWS.
of the any ; and what need I lay any Uiingof how
great weighl thote luldicn iHre at that junc-
ture? or tiuw many hnil liifir gi^t preienta they
were Touchaafed by Cxiorl Anq truly I ought
before now to have mentioned tM epiitlei which
Cmar wrote to the aenate,. and how Antipater
had honon,.and the freedom of the city of
Rome, beatowcd upon him, for these are demon-
itrationi both that we have received theae fa-
vort by our own deaertu, and do on that account
petition thee for thy cunfiniiation of them, from
whom we had reaaon to hoiie for them, though
they had not been given ua before, both out of
regard to our king's dinposilion towanlsyou,and
Tour dispuaition towards him. And farther, we
nave been informed by those Jews th&t were
there, with what kindness thou camest into our
country, and how thou oflTeredst the most perfect
sacrifices to Uod, and honored him with re-
markable TOWS, and how thougavest the people
a feast, and xcceptcdst of Ihclr own hospitable
firesonts to thee. We ought to eHteerii all these
kind entertainments, made both by our nation
and our city, to a qian who is ^he ruler and ma-
nager of ao much of the public aflairs, as indica-
tion! of that friendship which thou linst relurne<l
to the Jewish nation, and which hath been pro-
cured them by the family of Herod. So we put
' thee in mind t>f these things, in the presence of
the king, now sitting by thee, aiid make our re-
quest for no more but this, that tvhat you have
fiven us yourselves, you will not tee taken away
y others from us."
, 4. When Nicolaus had niaile his speech, there
was no opposition made to it by the Urceks, for
this was not an inquiry made, as in a court of
justice, but an intercession to prevent violence to
be bflcrcd to the Jews any longer; nor did the
Greeks make any defence of thfniselves, or
deny what it was supposed they hodd^c. Their
pretence was no more than thiiM-that while llie
Jews inhabited in their counlry« they were en-
tirely unjust to them [in not joining in thjur
worship,] but they demonstrati!<l their geneivsUy
in this, that though they worshipped nccordin.<v to
their own institutions,tthey did nothing that
- ought to grieve them. So when Agrippi^ per-
teived that they had been oppressed by violence,
he made this aqswer: " That on accpunt of
Herod's good-will and friendship, he vta/i ready
to grant the Jews whatsoever they should ask
him, and that their requests seemed to him in
themselves just; and that if tliey requested any
thing farther, he should not scruple to grant it
them, provided it was no way to the detriment
of the Roman goveritment; but that, while their
request was no more than this, that «vhat privi-
leges they had already given them miglit not be
abrogated, he confirmed this to them', that they
might continue in the observation of their own
customs, without any one's offering them the
least injury.*' And when he had snid this, he
dissolved the assembly; upon which Herj)d stood
np, and saluted him, and gave him thanks for
the kind disposition he showed to fliem. Agrippa
also took this in a very obliging manner, and
saluted him again, and embraced him in his
arms; after which he went away from Lesbos;
but the king determined to sail from Samoa to
bis own country; aad when he had taken his
leave o( Agrippa, he pursued his voyage, and
landed at Ciesarea in a (eti days' time, as having
favorable winds, fira(n,;inience he went to Jeru-
salem, and there gathered all the people together
to an assembly, not a few being there out of the
country also. So he came to them, and gave
them a particular account of all his jourjici, and
•f the aflain of all the Jews in Asia, how by his
means the/ would live without injurious treat
■l a nt for th e t"
had not neglected any thing which was for thai*
advantaeo; and aa he wiia very joyful, he noir
remitted to thciu the fourth part of thi'ir taxes
for the Ian! year. Accordinjjly, they, were ao-
plcased with his favor and speech to them, that
4hev went their ways with great gladness, oiid
.wished th« king all manner of happiness.
\CHAP. HI.
Hou great Diilur1ianee§amiinHtrod't FttmilM„
Off hit priferring Jintipater, hi$ eldeil Son,
befort the reit, till Alexander took that Injury
Vtry Aeinouily. ;
n-.Bl'l' novf the affairs in Herod's family
were in more disorder, and became more severe
upon him, by the hatred of Salome to the you^
men [Alexander aad Aristobulus,] which de-\' .
Si:
im c to com e . — He also told th e m
of the entire good fortune he had met with, an j
hoir he bad administered the government, and
scended as it were by inheritance [from their \
mother Mariamne :] and as she had fully succeed-
ed against their niotlier, so she prdcecded to that
degree of madness iqid insolence as to endeavor
that.: ■>9ie of her posterity ini^t. be left alive,
who jiiiKht have it in iheirpower to revenge her
death, rhc young i«en had also aomewhat of ■
bold and uneasy disposition towards their father,
occasioned by the reioeiiibrance of what their
mother had unjustly iul)f>fed, aiid by their own
affectation of dq|M*iasu^'' The old grudge was
also renewed ; 9n| they 'oajt T^ofOachet on Sa-
lome and Phei'bni, i£bo 'rel{ijited the young
men. With malicious designs, and actually laid
treacherous snares for iheni. Now. as for this
hatred, it was eipml on li^th sides, but the manner
of exerting that hatred Hvas dififercnt: for as. for
the young men, they we^ rash, reproaching and
affrofltmg the other* openly, and were unexpe-
rienced enough to think |t the most generous to
declare their minds in that undaunted manner:
but the others did not t^kc that method, but
made us^ of calumnies 'after a subtle and a
'.8pt(eful manner, 'stiirpro«okiiig the young men,
and iinagiiung that their tiuldness might in time
turn to the olfeiing violence to their father; for
innsiiiiich as they were notinshaiiied of the pre-
tended crimes tf their mother, nor tlioUght she
aull'el'cd justly, these supposed that it might at
length exceed all bounds, and induce them to
think they ought to be avenged on their father,
though it were by despatching him with their
owntiRiids. At length it cuiiie to this, that the
whole city was full of tlleir discourses, and, as is
usual in such conti'sta, the uiiskilfulne^s of the
young men was pitied, but the contrivance of
Salome wa» too hard for thenij and what inipii-
tatiuns'tlie laid upon thcni caiile to be believed,
by means of their own conduct j for they were so
deeply affected with the deathvof their mother,
that while ^hey said both she ; and themselves
were in a miserable case, they vehemently com-
plained of her pitiable end, which indeed was
truly such, and said Hmt they were themselves
in a pitiable case also, because they were forced
to live with those that had been her murtlerers,
and to>be partakers with them.
2.'These disonlcrs increased greatly, and the
king's absence abroad had afforded a fit. oppor-
tunity for that increase"; but as soon as Herod
iju^ relumed, and had nin<le the fbrementioned
sfmch -to the multitude, Fheroras and Sulome
let fall words inimediateiy, as if he were in great
danger, and as if the young men openly threat-
ened that they .would not S)»re him any longer,
but rcveng^ their mother's death upon him. They
also added another circumstance, that their hopes
were fixed on Archelaus, the kingof Cappdocia,
that they should be able by his means to come to
Ciesar, 'and accuse their father. : Upon hearing
such things, Herod was iiiimcdiitely dislurbcdi.
BHTi ' ' ■ ■ ■
\.
mid indeed was the more astonislied,'because the
some things wese related _to him; by some others
also. He then called to mind his jbrmer calamity
«*!'
V':T
BOOK XVtr-CHAP. IV.
397
•adcoiiiidenMl thtt the diionhin in hii fitniily
bad hloderad him fi^nn cnjoyinr any coiiifurt
' ffom Ihoie that wcra tieamt to him, or froiu hi*
Urifa whom ha loved lo well; and •uirwrting
lliat hii future troubles would loon be ncavier
and greater than thoie that were pait, he was in
neat Cpnfuiba of mind; for Divine Providence
End In re^i^ conferred upon him a great manj
outwaid aPKntagci for hii happineie, even be'
i> the youi^ ^
• ■ dA- .
him, km
yond hit hopei ri but the troubles he had at home
were each as he never expected to have met
with, an4, rendered him unfortunate; nay, both
■ortt came upon him to tuch a deiree as no one
coald imagine, and made it a doubtful quetfuin,
whether, upon the comparison of both, he ought
to have exobaoged So great a success of outward
(god things, for so great iuisrortunes at home, or
whether ho ought not to have chosen to avoid the
calamities Alatiug to bis family, thpngh. he bad,
for a compensation, never been possessed of the
admiredgrandeiir of a kingdom.
3. Al^he was thus disturbed and afflicted, in
;ess these young men, he brought to
bis sons, that was born to him
private man: bis name was An-
{i;be nut then indulge him us he
F^^hen he was ^uito overcome by
him ilo every thing Is be p!eniie<i,
bat Hither with a design of depressing tne iiiio-
la«^ of the sons of Mariamae, and .^Mnagiiig
thfil elevation of his so, that it niighrVe turn
warning to them, for this bold behavior of theirs
(be thought) would not be, so great, if they were'
once persuaded, that the succession to the king-
doiM aid not appertain to thciii altiqe, or must uf
necessity come to them. So be introiluced ^lili-
pater ai their aotaguniit, and imagined that he
made V' good provision for discouraging their
pride, and that after this was done to the young
■gen, there might be a proiier season Ibr expect-
ing these to bo of a bett<!r disposition: but the
event proved otherwise than he intended, for the
joung men thought he. did them a very great iii-
iurv ; and as Antipater wall a shrewd man, when
he Dad onCe obtained this degree of freedom, and
began to expect greater things than he had before
hoped for, he had but one tingle design in hi*
bead, and tbnt'Was, to diotrcss nis brethren, and
not at all to yield to them the pre-eminence, but to
keen close to his father, who was alreat'v alien'
aleil from them by the calumnies hehau heard
•bout them, and ready to be wrought uponin any
way.hiszeal against them sliouliT advise him to
patsue, that he might be continually inora and
more severe against them. Accordinglv, all the
reports that were *preR<l abroad came Ironi him,
while he avoided himself the xuspicion of those
discoveries broceediag from him, for he rather
chose to make use of those persons for his assist-
ants that were unsuspected, and such as might
be believed to speak truth by reason of the goodr
will they bare to the king; and indeed there
were aliteady not a few who cultivated a friend-
ship with Aatipater, in hopes of gainin^yome-
What by him, and these were the, men wnuwnst
of all persnaded Herod, becaus<i they appealed
to sneak thus out of their good-will to him:Jand
while these joint accusations, from various foun-
dations, supported one another's veracity, the
young men toeinselves afforded farther occasions
to Antipater also: further were observed to shed
tears often, on account pi the injury thatjvat of-
fered them, and had their mother in their mouths;
and among their friends they ventured to re-
*Tbis interval of ten years Ibr the duration ofHar-
•M Alrippa's (overnment In Asia, seems lo be Inn, and
MraeaMe to the Roman history. See Caber's Annals
•tA.M..13DS.
t Althou||h Herod met Aupistas at Aqniltl, yet was
IbliBKUMttonufh l s s una defe r fed ti ll l l iey came t o
Koma. as sect. 3 assures us ; anil as We are panicularly
lal^rined In the history of the War. b, i. ch. zxlU. sect.
t
proach their father, as not acting justly by them;
all which things were wit^wiXyl intention ra-
sarved in memury bv Antipater againat a proper
opportunity; and when they were lohl lo Herod,
with aggravations, incrcaaed the disorder so
much, that it brought a great tumult into the fa-
mily; for while Ihe king was very angry, at iyt-
putalions that were laiiT U|Hin the sons of Mari-
amne, and wu desirous to humble them, he still
increased the honor that he had bestowed on
Antipater; and was at last so overcome by his
persuasions, that he^rongbt his mother to court
also. He alio wrote frequently to Ca>sar in fa-
vor of him, and more earnestly reeonimended
him to bis particular care. Anil when Agrippa
was returning to Koine, after he had rinisheil his
ten years government in Asia,* lU-rAd tailed
from Judea; and when he met with him, he had
none with him but Antipater, whom he deliverfd
to Agrippa, that he might take him along with
him, together with many presents, that so he
might become Cirsar's friend, ininmuch, tliat
things alrcndy looked as if he had hI| his lather's
favor, and that the young men were entirely
rejected from any hopes of the kingdom. '
Y ' CHAP. IV.
ttoyi, Mring^ntipatty'tAliodt alRome.Htrtid
broiighl AUxanJermnd Jlriilobului brfore C'a-
lar, «ad acevtid thim. AUxandir'i p^enct
hiilfulf b^ort Cottar, and RttoAciliaiiontQ
is Fitkir. .
■»
] 1. And now what happened during Anlipa-
ter's absence augmented tlie honor tu which he
had been pruniuted, and his apparent eminence
aliove his brethren, fur he had niade a great
figure in Rome. Iieraufe Herod had sent reciini-
mendations of him to all his friends there: only
he was griey,;d that be was not at honie, nor had
proper opportunities of perpetually calumnhting
his brethren; and his chief fear was. lest his far
tlier should atttr his mind, and entertain a more
favorable opinion of the sons of Marianine; and
as he had this in his mind, he did not desist from
hi| purpose, but cbnthiually sent from Rome any
such stories as he* hoped might girieve and irri,
tale his father against his brethren, under pre-
tence indeed of a deep concern for his preserva-
tion; but in tratli, such as bis malicious mind
dictated, In order to purchase a greater hope of
the succession, which yet was already great in
ilfelf: aiiil thus he did till he bad excited such a
degree of anger in Herod, that he was already
become very ill-disposed towards the,young meat
but still, while he delayed to exerciat so violent
a disgust against them, and .that he might not
either be too remiss or too rash, and so ofi'en(l,he
thought it best to sail to Rome, and there ac-
cuse his sons before Caisar, and not indulge
himself in auy such crime as might be heinous
enough to be suspected of iinpiety: but as he
was going<upto Ruiut, it happened that he made
such haste as to meet with Ctcsar at the city
Aquilei :f so when he came to the speech of Cie-
sar, he< asked for a time fur hearing this great
cause, w|iarciii he thought himself very misera-
ble, and presented his sons there, ana accused
them of their mud actions, and of their attempts
against him: timt "They were enemies to him;
and by all the means tncy were able did tf)cir
endeavors to show their hatred to their owi la-
ther, and would ti^ke away his life, and so obtain
hit kingdom after the most barbaront manner;
3 ; tbongh-what he here says belonaed distinctly to Al-
exander the elder brother, I mean hit being brooiihtl*
Rome,ishere Justly extended 10 both the brothers .and
thai not only in our copies, but in that of Zonara alto :
nor it there reason to doubt hut they were both at tUt
olemn hearing by AukusIih, aUliuii|th the defence waa
made by Aleiaiiiier alone, who waa.tba eldeit bmbtr
•ad on* that could tpeak very wall.
\ il
43
t>
ID
Vv
f
■ » ■■
f -
(■ .■ ■ ••
I .
%
!l
-^V
V •
t
TlQUlTlfeS 0# T^E jfcWS;
tAn ha had powf r from Cgtuftr to (1i«ix)ic of it,,
■ol by n«ci'iiii(y, but by chuic^, to'liiiii who »h»n
cierri*e tlivKirHteit |)i%(y tuwanU liiiii, while
thcie Diy tuiiii Hru iiot>ii(>,<lp;lrouii ,u/ ruling, m
they ar«, uppii n ilimippoiiituiriit Ihereof, lo tx-
poie COf^utMLllfi', ir>o be Ihi^y inuy but ilrprivcr
MeCyWu
i«ir iatnir
X
lh«ir btner of' hit lifr, lo wild and polluted ii
their itiiiid by time lieronie (iift of their halred'^u
hiin; Ciat tahcreut he had a liin);^ tiuie Imrni! thii
hii initfprtuno, ho wai now eoiiipelled to lily it
before Caei^r, and (o jwllulc hii^rt with tuch
laof$ungc, #hil» he hiinielf wuutfftu know whnl
leverity they have ever iuiroren from hiiJl lit
wimt hardahipii lie huth ever liiid u|)on them to
make them coMipliiin uf Iiiui7 and how they con
thiukitjnat that ho thouhl not fa#lord of that
kingxioui, which he iUa lung lime Viid lyitb threat
dau|^r Imd gained, and not allow hini to keep it
.and tqdiii|)oiiu q( it to'hini who ahould deserve it
bctt? "And thiit^" with other adviinla)i^a, he prp-
po.iif It as a reward for the piety of such a,one M
Kill hereaftcl' imitate the care he hAth taken of
, and that aueh u one may gi^ia jo great a re-
QUital a* that it; ajid thot it is on impious thing
ror tbe|n to prettud lo meddle with itbefurelmnd,
for he who hath ever the kingdom in his view,
•t the same lime reckons u|ion procuruig the
death pf lliit father, because othcrtvitte he cuniuM
come at the |;pvepiinicnt; that as for Kiniself, hv
had hithertp civen them all thiit he' was able,
nnd what wa«'^ler(:rablc tp such as are sulijert
to the royal aaihority, and the sons of a kui);;
what ornidnents they wanted, ^ith aerynnts nnii
delicate fare; and had raarcied them^.into the.
most illustrious families, the oie'rAristobuldHJlo
ter of king Archchius: arid ifhat was the great-
est favor of all, wli|;n their crimes. were so very,
bad, an<rhe had authority to punish them, yt t
had he not made lise of it against them, but had
brought them before Ca<sar their common bene-
factor, and had not used 'the severity which,
cither as a father who had been impiously abii-
ted, or as a kin^ wlio had been assaulted treach-
erously, he might have done, h^ mada them
itand upon the jevcl>withhini in judgment; tliati
however, it was neceitsnry thajt all this should
not be passed over without punrshinent, norhini-
letf live in the greatest fiurs; mi)', that it war
not for their own advantage to sec. the light of
the sun after what they have done, althbugh they
should escape at this time, since they had done
the vilest things, and would certainly suffer the
greatest punishments that ever were known
Aavimiiu annnlrinfl *'
. 3. Hut when they mw there was a kird dt<no-
•ition arisen both in him and in <'a»»r, aiiil Ihiit
every one of the rest did c(lher sfaMlearn, or at
\lt:u>t did all ((Hevexilh thriii, the one of them,
whose name was Alexander, called to iii!i' father,
»id attempted to nnHWtr his nrcusatIon,aiiil sitid,
"O father, the benoVulelicii tnou lia«t »hiiweii
lo\ ust ii evident, even" in this very judicial ph)-
cet)ure; for hailitthuu had any pernicious irtlen-
tiort* atmut us, thou hadst not produced us here
befdre jllie conimon savior of all; for it wus in
thy Wwer, both<«is a kihg,«anii as a futlier, tj;
Kinilh the guilty; but hy thus bringing us la
ome, and iiiakii>g C'insar himself n wilneit to
what is done, Vliou mtiinatest that thou iutendrsi
to save us; for no <iii\lhat,hnth a design to slay
a man will bring hini T» the temples, anil to the
'altars; yet are our circuintlbncrs still worse, for
we cannot eiidure lo live ourselves tiny longer,
if it be believed that we haVe injured such ti fa-
ther; nav,'iierhaps it would be worse for uf to
live with this suspicion iiporf vs, that we liuve
louurcd him, than to din without sVich guilt; anil
il*onropeii di ftiice may betaken to be true, ivn
shall be liappv, Jwktlrln paciiy iiijj^ tlwe. lind in
eHC^piiig the JJain^er we are in; hut if this caluni-
ny^fio prevail^, it is more than'riiiiiigli fnr n.s that
we have si en the sun this dav ; whint why t^iuld
we sec, if (ills susliiriuii be lixc<! npijn ml Ntiw-
it is eaoy to say ot y(iung„ men, that they desire
torei}(ii; and tO say I'iirther, that this- evil nrn-
ceedi^ from tife ciise olourunhnppv iiiolhcr. Thi*
'is abundantly sutlicicnt to prodnbe \hur niisfor-
tiineoul if the former; but consider well, whe-
tlicr such an accusation docs not suit all such
his sifter's daughter, but Alexamfcr to the (laugh- Jy^ung men, nnd nihy not be i:aid of them all pro-
■•;...«• I.: — A~.i.„i ■.;.i .ik^, .i.„ — misciioiialy'/ for nothing can Ifimler him that
reigns, if iie have childi'tlji, and their inolher^be
dea(f, but the father may h:<ye n suspici(>ii upon
all his sons, as iiitending'sonfe treachery to him;
but a suspicion is not suflicien( to prof e siiclv an
iiikpiouK practice. Now let any ninn aay, whe-
ther we have actually and insolnitly attempted
pny^ such thing, whereliy actions, oihenvisc in-
credible, used to be made cre<lib^e. Can any body
-prove that poison hath been prenai^ed^ or prove
a conspiracy of our equals, or the coemption p|
servants, or letters writti'n against Jhec? though
indeed there arc none of thos(> things but have
sometimes been pretended by way of CaluinnT,
when they were never done; for a j-oyal faniily
that is at variance with^ itself is a terrilile thing;
and (hot which thou cnllest a'.cewanl of piety,
often becomes, among vi'jy ■^Jcked men^ sueh'a
faundatinn of hope ns iimk£s'tjie»i leave no sort
of mischief untried; nor/ does any one lay any
2. These i^ere the accusations which Iferod
amouj' mankinjii,'
2. These jwr« ^
Ifi^ with gwa^^ vehemency. against his soli's be- wicked practices to ourl charge; 'but os to ca'^
j.._^ r- ivT .1..: --eii.both while he , lumnies by hearsay, how 'ran he. put an end to
fore C«sari> Now, the young niei
wasspeaking, and rhiellynthiscpncluding, wept, j them, who will not hear what we" have to sayf
and were in confusion. Now, as to themselves, ; Havc-wc talked with too great freedom? yes;
they knewjn thei* own consciences they wer<! ! but not ngiiinst thee, for that would be Unjust,
innocent, but because they were nci-used f>y their I but against those that never conceal any thing
father, Ihev were sensible, a.H the truth was, thai i» spoken to them. Hath either of us la-
that it *a8 hard for them to niake their ajmlogy, luenteilmir. mother? ves ; but not because she is
since, though thfy were at libert^o speak their : dead^ buKbecnuse sHe was evil spoken of br
mindi freely aa the occasion required, anil might those who had lio reason so to .do. Are we deif-
with force and earnestness refute the accusation, 1 rous of that dominion which we know our father'
yet was it not now decent ao to do. There was ■ ia possessed of7 For what reason can we be so?
therefore.adilhcuUyho** they Should be able to I If v(e already have royal honors, as we have,
speak; and tears, and at length a deep groan, fol- i should not we labor in vain? And if we liar*
■ 1 ...u:i- .w . .r_:.i .!._. It .1.. ! 1 jij^^ jjgj^ y^j^ ^^^ ij^j ^^ j^ hopes of them .' Or,'
flowed, while they were afraid, that if they said
nothing, they should seem to be in this difficulty
from a consciousness of guilt, nOr had they any
defence ready, by reason of their youth, and the
disorder they were under; yet was not C-esar uii-
■p^zed, when be looked upon them in t&(|<-on-
fnsion they Were in, that their dclajr 'to inake
their d«feiic« did not arise from any eoiM^usT
Bess of great enormities, but from their unskil-
ful ne ss a n d mod e sty. — Th e y w ere also e ^uiiMiwi-
supposing that we had killed thee, could we ex-
pect! to obtain thy kingd<«ni? while neither the
earth would let us tKail apon iL nor the sea let
us sail upop it, after such an acAm as that: nay
ihk religion of all your subjects, and the nicty of
the whole nation, would have prohibited uarri-
oidjBS from assuming the government, amifroiu
entering into that most holy temiile which was
T^^
.•-'.*;.. ■
_^ :' ■■;
.. - ^ i ^
"*' '
of o
^
puni
son*
■*
th«t
than
^
ther
"
'.• * trea
". .
hast
tred
wht
...^
caut
We
selv<
disci
with
f who
i,, fath)
.
. trull
' cern
' live
" grea
- . ■-
tern
'*K<
give
aoti
tend
. .,■ ,4.
• V^o
was
upoi
. t> ^ foun
; ' * an a
- that
the-
Com
ofb
fp»o
that
^.t*
^ dext
r
♦ " aelvi
1 ten*
1 ■ . , . ■ and
1 . aros
'
K liime
B , cnoi
1 > ' hiivi
«
1 • Ule^
1 '"ng
i- ' '»}•.
V. ~ thor
,?■ calu
r" that
- ' the^i
• was
exhc
, ,
and
:.';
-i * not J
^
'i cern
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'' 7
that
yrov
4
; thos
then
I-:: t^'
1 • mon
F ther
\
i * niak
1 " • < up. 1
w and
built by thee* — But suppose Mu hud made lighjT
' * Since some prejndi,ced men have '.ndalfed a wIM
napicion, aa we liave supposed already, Anilq. Ik x*.
cb. xl, sect. 7, that Jowpbui's History of llerodt >*
^
rated by those that were there in partiCuljMf anil
they moved their bther's affections^ in earnest
till he had much ado to conceal them.
sp«er
. his hi
knon
BscJ
■■v
•V
■\ /'v
BOOK XV1.-CIIAP. V
r
of other (Itn^n, cwi utj inunUr«r gu off, up-
punithril, whilt^ Civtiir it »i\yt1 We are thy
■ont, end nut to iiupioiu, or lo (hoUgtitl^, ai
thtt cutiir* tp, thouL'h perha|!ii ^iiorii Mnrnrtunalc
than in rnnvrnicnt i^r the«. Kut in I'Hie (huu nri-
thttr fiAdi-ikl aay cbuk«< o( cuniplaint,. nor an^
trrachcrou;i denigni, whit fiiflicirnt f vidrncct
haat thmi to nmk« < iucb » wirkidnMi of ouril
tredililv/ Our mother n di^nd tndrcd, but thin
whbt bel't'lhrr might be iin instriirlinn to u« lu
caution^ and not an inciuineut to wickrdncus.
yie Ub willing to make n larger apblogy fur our-
Mlves, but- actionD ni*T|Hi> tlunit do not admil of
diKouric:''»aj, we will imike IhiK ngrernienl
with tVe, and giat before Cnnar, the lord of all,,
who ia now n ni<j<tiqtor brtwecn n!i:Hf thou, O'
father, canit bnng thyiielf, by the A-idence of '
.^ truth, to have a mind frl'^'fruniauipicion con-
cerning ua, let n* live, though even then we shall
live in an unh«]i|>v way, to* to lie liccuicd of
great icta of «vicliednea», though fnlnely, ia^ n
terrible thing; but if ^hou hast an^ friir reninin-
i»g. continue thou on in thy pioua life, we will
give this reason -fur our own ronduct, our liAi is
not so desirable to uf a% to desire, to have it, if it
tend to the harm of onr father who gave it us."
., I 4. When Aletmndcr had thus s|>i)l(en, Cesur,
> ^bpdid not brl'ure believe augross a ciilnmny,
WM Mill more moved by it, ancQlookcd intently
upoii Mfrod, and pcrceivt'd he wuso little con-'
^ founded'; the piivsons there pre^ient Were under
ui anxiety ajiout the young men, and the fiuiic
that was sprea4 J'broad inade the king huted,X>r
the' very incredibility of the ciiluniny, and The
commiseration of the flower bf youth, the b<aut«*
of boH^;, which. were In the young men, pleaded^
19^ assistnuce ; uid the more sa on this iiyn)unt',
1 that Alexatider had made their {Iefuiic6 with
^ deiterity ^ prudence; nay.they did.nQt theiii-'
•elves iny Ibng'cr (Tonlinue 'in their foriiii-rVbuo-
. tcnancra, which had bten bedftwrd ^with "tjara
and castxlownwapla to th,«<grouml,butnoirii^re
■ •rose in them a hope of 'flie best; and ilie^iiig
himself appeared, not tu have had foundatian
, enough io builij sueh an accusation iipon, he°
{laving no real Evidence Utierewith to convict
the^i, Indeed he wanted, some apology^for (ua-
king the accusation; bhfCsr^ar, after 4bme de-
lay, said, that -JiaUlfough ihe^-young menwerfc
joiced at this recnncilialion. ^AlU ir.
days they were with Ca-sari llerod made him .n
present of three hundred talents, as he Wot
then ethibitiiig show* h'iicI Hirgennts to the peo-
i
calumnialed, yet had they blifn ao far to blame,
that they had not deiiieancd themai'lves towards"
'"*''^'*'' *° "' *" prevent that suspicioit which
was f""-- ' "' ' - - - • ■• .... .
exhoi
and
not just IO give !«»>■ crcuii,to sucii niiiic
ccrni»ig his own children; and that tfiisvcpent-
ancn on both sides might still lieiil tlio-c brVnelies
i?Li
e him .n
he Wot
^ „ ''" I""*"
nieof Kome:'Snd (Jirsur made hini^ltpreu'nt »f
half the revenue of the cojiper miies in Cypnis,
and cunHuitted the riire ol^the otiii-r half to him, '
and honored him with%>ther giffs anU in^ouivs:
and iis to his own kingdom, he Ji>|'t it in his own
iiOwer to appoint whidi uf Itlit iluiia he phMised liijr t '
his surccssuri or lo distribute it in tmrla to cvei/'
one, that the dignity luiglit iherfHtyVonu' to tlittOi
all. And trhen Herod was disjiAscd to uicki«
such a settlement i lediatel^. CiesW said' >' tlfi '
would not give hiiu leave to depnvo himselit
while be was alive, of the |)ower ovlr his Viiig>«
doni, or over his sons." V . ° .. . .
6. After this ilerod retiy^ijed toJndea kgaiir, '
but during his absence no small partW his do- ,
miuiosLfiibout Trnchon had revolted, Whom yet * '
the Commanders he left there had viui(|ut>hedt
,nml compelled 'to, a subiui^on ngaiie \iVa>w, at
Ili^od Was sailing with his; sons, ami was coriw •
over agaiust Cilicia, to [the island | Ivlcuk, which
liiith iioWThai^i'(| itf'iiaioe-fair !^ip|HistJ,yiib niet
with ArthelauD, king of,Ca|^ii»(\ij hi, wlidrcceivr^
ed Kiui kindly, us .rejoicing that Im Wjis rt luncilcxt
tu his spns, and ,tliat the ut'uu^atr'.ii^^diusl Alex-
^iliider, who had married hi'i d^iighiei', itaint an T.
end. They;|al«o made one anotlie'ii sui(:li pnesents
' us it be<:ume kings lo.iii'akc. Froiii thence Herod
cnme to iu(|ea, nnd-tu^ the temple, whi^le he ,,
'niHile a ;s|Hbecli to the' people, concenrMig^iiat
liad been (lona ill this III* Joniaev : •• He 4u<iii\[*r,
^Dursedito lliAi apo^t ('a^Hr^-i^biiMWess to hill],
jnd about aa,nia(i^' of thi'.jiurticulai'sliejlrad done,
as he thohght it' loir his ad\Hn<irge other peciili;":
sliu^ld be acquainted 4vith. At hut lie turn«d.iiis,
ilpeech to. the tdiiibiyitioll of his sons; "mi ek*"
hu|<(ed th'oH' Ihat-livctl &t fourth :>i(d ithe iiiulw
.tude,'tp coitcord ;^ and infungt'd them, that hi
sbns'Werie tO' rtign afler^him; Atitiputer fifst
nnd (hen Alexander and Aristul)ti)us, tlit' siMis^oi
JVluriumiie; but he .desireCl, that at prinent tireyi
should all have regard to-hipiKelf, ^tj csteein\
him king«iid Jord -of all, since 'he was not yct\
liilldertid by-old age, but Vus JTr that (leriod ,of
life when he iiiu'stnjf^the most skilful in govern-
r
...- ,,,.. I- -o. --..f--'"B men. werVMing; imd that hi! WHS not deficient iii-other art!
tborougHly innocent oOhat for which th*.v we»e Sot imuiagemeht Ihal might enable him ta tfovern
I kiiiK<luiu weU, and to rule over his children
9. He farther told the rulers undrt' him, aqd
the I
also. He farther told the 'rulers undrt' 1
the soldiery, that in cnse tiiey would lloolb upon
1.:.'.. .i.,„„ .I.-:. i;rg ivould I,,.' ltd i„ &.^peaceal>lc
would umkA oue another lipp-
!iey had said tlli», he dihiiiissed
bly. VV|iicli speeij^ ivjfs acceptable to
the greatest part M the auijieiice, but ii^t soy-to
them Jill, for tbti'^aqti^itioii among his,sons,' and
Uiat had happened belueen tl^ein, and might ih"i- the hopes he had given l^ieui, occiKjfonei^ thouehts
Wrove tlieir good-will tb one (inolhcr,, wliercby and d^ires of i(i ""
those on both sides, excusing the rashness o'f
their suspicions, might i;eiiolve to bear a gri4itet^
degree of alf(ectiuii to>vard8 each otlier than tliey
bad before, .^fk-r Orscsar had given them tli'is ad-
monition, he beckoned tb the young men. When
therefore they were disposed to fall down tb
I make interccssiuii to -itheir father, betook them
up, and enlbriiced them, as. they were in tears,
•hd took each of tliem distinctly in his arms, till
l!0t one of tUo.se that were present, wlicther free- o.unsi. , .»uiu
ttiAn or slave, but was deeply alivcted with what ! eiitiir buildin;
Uinovation; niiioyg llhcin.
CHAP. V,-fj .,
Wbio Herod etlt\iHtt0lhc (Jifmfi that wtre to ft-.
turn ttery_fifth »ors. «/on the lluildinff of
Ciriareii; and hnwhc hiuH aiiti miotntd many
other Placet aj^tfji ma^mJieTnt Manner f and'
ifloria
thev saw.
did mfmy^fiikiirjIctinHs glurianaly.,
V { I. Aliot'T this (iiiie it .w.pi that Cicsar<a
Seliaste, ivliich he iiotl Ijuilt, was fini^lied. The
being a<-''iiiii|»li;hod in the teiith
VU^r' 'i-i.i . ..." i yenr," the solemnity of it fill into the twehty-
5. Then did they return thanks to Cnisar. an* I eighth y»mr of^llerod's r- iijn, and IAfi> the' hun-
went away together; and with them went Anti-, drill and iii'iietv-A^cmid (Olympiad. There wa°j
pater. With a hypocritical pretence that he re- accordingly a/r. at festival, aiid most sui.iptuohs
y
■-''. «?j^ ■
ANtlQCrriES OP THE JEWS.
1^
-V::
y
prciMnlioM made prcicatly, in order to lii
dedication, ^r he had appointed i contention in
niiitir, and Pmei to b«^ performed naked, lie
had alio golden rtady a |;reat nuinberror thoM
that bght iingle coiiibati, and of beaali for the
like purnoie: hone-racri nian, alU^the nioit
L-hargmhle of loch iporti and ihoi^b uied to
be exhibited at Konir, and in other placet. Me
coniccrated. thii Combat to Ctnar, and ordered
it to be celebrated every'Afth year. He alio
iCnlAi iorti of nrnnihciitt for it out of hia own
furniture, that it luifirht want nalhinir to make it
vantage to the inhabltania. ■ And ai to the Olympie
ganiea, which were ,in a very low Condition, of
reiiaonortho failure of their revrnuM^he reco-
vered their reputation, and appointed $<!7l>nuci for
their uiaintenance, aud made that •olciiin meet"
ing'inore venerable, a> to the lacrifices nnd other
oriiamenti: and by reaion of thin vait liberality,
he was generally declared in their inicri)itiuiii Ut
be one uf the |>erpctual niauagen of thuiie ganiei.
^. Now ionie there are who •tnn<l aniatrd at
the divenity of Herod'l nature and Jjurpotei;
for when owa have reiMtrt..to hit niagnilicence.
decent! nay, »ia,C»|(.ri wife, .ent a great and the benefili which lie bc.toWed oH all nian-
iiinil, tlirro it no poaaibility lor even thoie that
had the leatt rctpcrt for him, to deny, or not
openlpr to confeti, that he had A nature vaitly
benehcent; but when any one lookt upon the
puniahinenti he inflicted, and the injuriei he did,
not only to hit tubjectt, but to hit nean^at re-
lationi, and takes notice of hit tevere and unre-
lenting dit|iotition there, he will be forced to
allow that he wat brutjth,' and a ttranger to all
humanity, iiiiqmuch that these men tuppote hit
nature to be differeiit, and tometimet at cont>a-
dirtion with 'itatif; but I am inyaelf of another
part of her mott valuable furniture [fro'ni Roine,]
insomuch that he had no want of any things
Theiuniol thtni all wai eatiinaled at five hun-
dred talentt.. Now when a great multitude wat
come to that city, to tee the ahnwa, at well aa
the aiiibastadors 'whom other people, sent, on
account of the benefits they had received [from
Herod,] he entertained them all inkhe puWic
inna, and at public tablet, and wilN perpetual
tenata, this tolrmnity having in the d^y-tiiiie the
diveraiona of the ifghta, and in iheTilght-tinie
tuch merry meetinga at coit vatt tOintf of money,
and publicly demonttrated the cenerolity of hit
to exhibit what exceeded whaUoeveH had been
done before of the tame kind. And it is related
that Ctetar and Agrippa often skid, that " the do-
niinionj of Herod »»cre too Jittic for the great-
nest of hit toul, for that he deserved to haveboth
all the kingdom of Syria, and that of Kgypt alao."
2. After thit apleinnity and these' feativala were
over, Herod erected another city in the'plain
called Caphartaba, where he chose out u fit
place both for plenty of water, and goodnesi of
toil, and proper for the production of wh«t wat
there planted, where a river encompaase4 the
city itself, and a grove of the liest trees for mag-
nitude was roundabout it; this heWimed Anti-
patris, from his father Antipnter. He also built
upon another spot of ground above Jcriqho, of
the same name with his mother, a place of great
iecurity, and very nieasant for habitation, and
called itCyprps. He also dedicated the finest
monuments to his brother rhaaatlua, on account
"of the great natural alfection there had been be-
tween them, by erecting a tower In the city
Itself, not less than the tower of Pharos, which he
ntpied Phasaelua, which was ot oiire a part of
the strong defences of the city, aud a memorial
for hira that was deceased, because it bare his
name. He also built a city of the same name in the
valley of Jericho, aa you go from it northward,
whereby he rendered the neighlmring country
more fruitful, by the cultivation its inhabitants
introduced ; and this aUo he called Phasaelia.
3.' But as fpr his other benefits, it U impossible
to reckoiuJheni up, those which he Bestowed
on cities,' both in Syria and in (Sreece, and inall
the places he Came to in his voyages; for Tie
teems to have conferred, and that after a most
jllentiful manner, what would minister to many
necessities, and the building of public works, and
gave them the money that »yas necessary to such
works as wanted it, to support them upon the
failure of thejr other revenues: but, what was
the gi'eatest and most illuatrioif of all his works,
he erected Apolfo's temple « Rhodea, at his
• own expenies, and gave them a great number of
talents of silver for the repair of their fleet. He
also built the greatest part of the public edifices
' for the inhabitants of JVicopolis,* at'Actium: and
for the Antiochiana, the inhabitants of the prin-
cipal city of Syria, where a broad street Cuts
through the place lengthways, he biiilt cloisters
a lo ng i t on both tid es ; a nil laid th e i
tn^ puuiiciy uemonttrated the Kenerolity of hit opinion, and imagine that the occaaion of both
ipul. loriD all hit undertakingtliewat^ambitiout .these lortt of actiont was one and the tame; for
-■■ a •- ■ ■■■ »>.... .m..., mm mm m ii op en I' OBd
With polished atone, which was of, very great ad-
•Dr lludton hero civet us the wordtof S<uetonhit
concerning ibia Nhwpolia, when Auxuttns rehiiilt it :
' And tliatthe memory of the victory at Actiiim might
was one and the tame; for
being a inaAMVfbitioua of honor, and quite over-
come by thnt^gauion,- he wat induced to, be
magnificent, wherever thare appeared any hopes
of a'future iileinorial, or of reputation at preaent.
and as his expenses weic beyond his abilitici,
he was necctsitated to be harsh to his sul>jects;
for the persons on whom he expended his nro'nty
were so. many, that they niade him a very bad
procurer of it; and because he wns contciout
that he was hated by those .tinder lilw, for the
, injuries he did them, he thought it not an eaiy
thing to amend hiaofTencea, for that it was in'
convenient for his revenue ;,b« iherefora strove
on the other ;sid({^ to Make |h«ir ill-will an oc- i
ciision of his gaiht. At to bis own court, there-
fore, if any one was not very obtei|niput to him
in his laognage, and would not conieiji himielf
to bt his ilave, or but teemed to think frf anv in-
novation m bit government, he'wai not able to
contain himtelf, but prosecuted his very kindrfkl
and friends, a&d punished them as if tney were
^''neniies ; and this wickednett be undertook out of
a (.'esife that he might be himaelC«lone honored.
Now far this my assertion about that passion of
his, wo have the greatest evidence^ by what he
did tp honoi^Ceea^r and Agrippa, a>*d His other
friends; for with what.honors he ^aid his re-
spects to them who were his superiors, the same
did he desire to be paid to himself; and what h'e
-thought the most excellent preaent' he could
make another, he discovered an incliitation to
have the likepresented (o himself. But now the
Jewish nation is by their law c ttranger to al*
such things, and nccustomed to prefer righ-
teouaneSfJo glory ; for which reason that nation
was not-agreeable to him, because it was out of
Iheir'^wer to flatter the king's ambition with
statues or temples, or any other such perfonU-
ances. And this seems to me to have been at "
once the obcasibn of Herod's crimes, as to his
own courtiers and counsellors, and of his bene
factions, as to foreigners and those that had ua
\relation to him.
CHAP. VI.
Jin Embassage of IhtJewsmCyrintand Attala
Cceaar, eonceming Ihe Compiaints they had t9
make againal the Greclff: with Copitf <if th»
Kpiatles tahich Caaar and Agrippa wrote to th*
CUUs/^them.
./■
{ 1. Now ihe cities ill treated the Jei^s in
Asia, and all those also of the same nation which
be celebrated the more alYcrward, lie built Nicopoliial
Actium, and appointed public show* to be there exbibl-
tedevery flftb year." In August. lect. 18
i^
I-
■V y-
■^^
J"
, 1"
i-Ns.-
BOOK Xvl.-fClIAP. VII.
881
,o th« Olympie
fondilion, of
iuct|hc reco-
id i^^Thiuci for
io|e|uil oicet"
ices mid other
rut libcmlitjr,
iiurri|ilioni Ut
t thon ((niei.
nd aniated at
ind'purpou'i-,
iiiagiiili>i«iic«,
d nn all man-
en those that
deny, or not
nature vastly
>ks upon the
ijuries he did,
is nean^st re-
i-re and unre-
b« forced to
Iranger to all
in suppose hit
les at cont>a-
If of another
asion of both
he same; for
id quite orer>
idaced to, be
ed any hopes
on at present,
his abilitici,
his subjects;
ed his money
iV a very bad
mi conscious
liiui, for the
t not isn easy
at it was in'
refore strove
ll-will an oc- i
court, there-
luius to him
lieis himself
Ilk frf any in-
s not ab(e to
very kindrfkl
if they were
ertookoutof
one honored,
at passion of
by what he
lid ttis other
^aid his re-
irs, the same
and what he
It' he could
ncliitation to
But how the
ranger to al'
prefer ri^h«
I that nation
it was out of
mbition with
^ch perforiU-
laye been at "
es, as to his
i of his bene
that ha^ na
tandA»iat»
I thty had t&
?opitt nf th*
I toroti to th*
I iinlh bci II tlirtr cuitoiu fFoni llieir forrCitharti
lived in T.iliya, which joins (ii CyrrHc, nlii|« Ilin
fonuiT kiniciihad py^n Ihiiii ii|uiil pritikjti'ii
with tlie ollii-r cititeii*; liiit llie (Irif lit iill'riiulcd
tUt'Vi Ht this tiinr.'iniil tlwt n> I'ni- lu In tiikr awHJr
thejr Kiirred iiiyni'y.'wnij to i!<i lliriii iiiiHchirron
other piirlii'utnr iiiTinionii. When llirril'i)r«' ll»i)4
were llilH Hlllicli'fl, iviid fuiiiul inf Cinl ol' the I>»r4
tmrnus trealniwil tliey iml nith iiinoii)? Ilie' , ,
(ireelis, tfiey pent ainb.ii^u-Ioni to Uu'Vur iini jni", lliiit the tHiiic be txiictly ruturnvd to Ih*
•lime privi-l Jew* ill lliiit pace."
iiiK ihul (iie_v lire abiHeil by car-
(nin infMniii'm, unit, mihUt pntenie of X»it*
which W*-r« iiDl (hie, nnrliindered fn>ni Handing
Ihi'Ui, Hliii'h I riiiiiiiiiiiiil I.I be ritturcd, withoat
niiy iliiiiiiiiilinii iir ili>liiibaii<'>' pven (o thiin.
itnil il' nnv ol' llmt Sj^irtii iihuit) in (lie I'ities be
liilti'ii li'iiiii tlieir|iri>per ruiivifii, I I'lirlher en*
those aeCount*! wlip |^uve Ihciii the siiiiie priv
./•■
■Mir Alien
of the people, urilai
l|«th luen
<A only m
chielly llyr('j\>iH* me lii«;ii priiHii uuiii'i
' l':i''Hr trie miiJM'nir,' it wLllud gi>0'
niy ci)ii|^nllijr.4, :viriiriliii[(ltii Ibf sen
ti. "(^aius iS'orhiiniis KIhcCiis, prnriiii^ul.tQ the
linia-tioirnles of llui Siiriliiins, >< iiileih j^reetiiiK.
{U'lnsir hath writli II ti> mil, iiiiit riMiiiiiuiiileil nia
unit 111 firliiil the JeW4, how iiiiiiiv holvi r llii) be,
friini ii44eiiil>liiiu lofri'ther iii'ioriliiiK to tiiii ciittiiiii
lef;eii i^s lliey had l)(>for«, nml sent letters In th<t
sniiie porpnao to llie (jovJ^riinrii of the priiviin'e',
copies of iv'liich I sliliuiin h<'ri', ih teitiiiiuniiits of
the iiiK'ieiit l/ivoralm' ili^|i<i»)tion the ftmnan
eiiuierori hnil townnU III. A
3. ''f'lemir Aii|;iii^hi, hi};U prieal, ui|d tribune I of tlieir firel'iiiliert, m'lr from Hiniliiig; ihlir iiio'
^hM<: Siiirv the ii:ilion of I ncy In Jerusuliin; I hiive l)ii rifiire written tii
y.ou. thai yiiii nmy knnw (hit both Cu'tur and I
mid hiive iiiu net urcordiiinly."
7. I^'nr di'l Juliu* Aiiluiiipo, the procontnt
the Jew hath been /iiiiyi j^rruleriif to the Kninnii
;|>eop1e, iiiit only rit lliis" time, bid flOiiiie past
aid chiefly llyrei\uii!' llie hi»h |irie«i, uniler
iiiy fallier ir;e<iii' tlie iiiiiJM'n>r,« it lii^'llud ijkO'I
tf nil' iiliil
tence and on'lli of 'the penph' nf Koim;, tliut th
Jows hiiVii liberty to iiiiike »*<• of Ihiin own rut-
toiiHi acrori.liinj toi the l;iiv of their fiirefajliyj<,
ns thejoiiinde ii«e ^f theiii, iimler llyiviiim*, llie
hi^h priest of Ahiijighiy tlmlj, imil iliut thiir.'a-
I.
cred nnmeyjic not ionclieil, iFiit be sent to Jmi
snieni, nnil tliiit it bi- enoiiniiti'd tn the eari' oJ'thtr 'of |li<'ty
jeru>:i|em; anil tliiil llnv !»■ not
befnije any jinljtr on till' S.ililialli-
day, n ir on tlnwliiy lof tfie prepinilioii toil, utlii'
tl^j-iiiiitli h<iiir:t bill if iiiiv one lie Vau|^ht htial-
111^ tlieir holy hiiokt, or tUiij; suCreiT iiiniiev,
wlKtlier it be out 4f the iivii:i^oj;im
it<: otherwise! " To tlw miij(i«l rates, sciiuti ,
1 p»ople^ of the Kp)i(«iahii <enile|li greutrni;'
Ai 1 wn« (lis|<<nHint(,<|nslice iit KpheHiis, ort thii
iiliU of February, the Jewii that ilnell in Asia de-
iii<«itlHI)ti'il tome, that Aii|;u!itii<and A);rippahail
penuJtteil them tu u»rlbeirnwn laitnaitil luatonis,
aHillii otter Ihnie tlieir fir«t-friiit» wliiih- e»i ry
oiieiof tlieili freelj oHern to the Doil^- on aerount
rereiveri at je
obliged To jrn I
and to carry them in IhLiinipany loije-
lliei^ to Jerusalem wKhout distnw^mce. Th<y
ahoWietitioned ine, tluit I nNo .w(>,»hl eonfiriii
ivhatlhail beeiiffruiiteil bv Aii;;i:stii«V>id A);rippu
by my own swi-tioii. I lyoulci ihenforii have you
lake i^iitice, that urcording to the will of Angus-
r public- > tus iii^d Aj^rippa, I will permit lli^m to ii4l and
di/ai'C(inli*g to the ruttoius of their 'forefathers
withont ilisfurbance;"'
ai'liool, lie uliull be (ii^emed a s'li^^rllegioui p<:r*i>ii
nnd Ris i:6uiU sliull ur bmnght into the piiMi'i
liciil(lry of ilie lloman*.- And I );ivc order, that
the ti'ttimonial whiqlf thiv have gl'wn in"', on
net, iviti go i;''»erally.niUonK tin* finek*; nnd I
kiiiil, an(( out of regard t>ii have hJreliy doAnuttrated t'l them that iva-havo
CuiuH Ma/cu*-tTt!fR5rliiu:i, lojfether with the pre- f iriiier>jr been in great esleeili, and have not been
t» Iihuve been objigcd to set /dovtH these de-
riet., |)ecaui(i),. the prvscnt liinorf of .our own
sent deilTi', Ue proiplisejl in that l{ic)>t euiinent
place whirls Imth been oimoeraied to liie, bj the
coiiliii^nity 6f Asia at Aiii'rra. And if any one
transgress any part <lt" whati j« tiliove diireed
he shall be sen ;»elv miiii..he<l," This wO* ni-
scribed upon a pillar in the lem|iie(irr)i'«nr.
3. -I'deaar to XorbayinWKlai'rn*, neiidet
have been n«e(I nccdi^iihgtiiilii iiHiieietit iiislniii,
to ^end their sacred money to J, rii-ah'iii, do the
same freely." TheKe ivere the lii eriesof Cii'-ar.
4. Agrippn al;io <liil himself »vrite a{l<"r the nijfn-
ner following, on behalf of the .leiyc; " Agrippa
greet, other pio^toleti) in, ijjn|„tij,tuk, .
ing: Letthose JkW'I, h;)iviiiinv«i>everthey Ip'.who of that haltiied whico ^iiireii«onable meij bear to
nihibitfcd by those, governors ^ve were under
fnim keeping any of the ^ws of our forefathers;
n:iy, thai we have been supporticl, by tll'rin.
n bile wtvfollijwed'oiir own religion, ahd the wor-
Kliiii'wr paiit to (fod;' ond I frequently make
liieatiuii i>f lhe«e decrees^ in ordan to reconcile
ke away the canst s
i\i Mr uiir rustoiin,f there, is no ilation
vvhii'Ji^alivuys makes itie of^ the same, and tu
e'l'Vry tily uilmo.sl we meet wi'h ttieiii dilferent
from one aiiothcr; but nntiinil iiMlicc is most
' agreeable tp thq advantage of all men et|ually.
,1
f ■
I-
to the magistrates Kcnaie, nnd people of the -j both (ireeks aqd barbni>iau<>, to which our laws ^
J^pbksian:<MScn<leth greetuig: I will tliat the care [ huvc the »i^te9t regard, ttnd thereby render us,
'Knd ciiKtody of the sacVed' monry that iS cariihil i if we nbi(ie liii them xifter n pure niaiiner, benr-
° to tli« temple at Jerusaleiii be left to the .l^w.s of | Volent and friendly to all ftyn: oii whirh account
Asia, to do with it according ni theiraMrieiilcus- I we have rcaMn to cxperl',tthe like^ return from
torn; and that such as steal that sacred mone/{ others, nnd tp_ inform thei^ that they qu^ltt not
4f the Jews, and fly to a sanctHary, shull \\); to . csfeeiu dil|rore.'ncc of po^iVive jn.<itiiutlon4 a
t«kcn thence aiid d*4ive/ed to the Jews, ' ' "" " r ,■ ^- . , rr.;. ..:.i. -i
the Jew* in
lation which
It Mcopoliial
) there exbibl-
♦f the Jews, and fly to
■ by tiie
same law that sacrilegions persons sire joken
.ijthencc; J have also written to Sylvanus the
prajfor.'tlmt HO one eompi;! the Jews to cotnc bc-
liirc a judge on the Sabbath-day."
,5. ""SlarcusAjifrippaitp^hc magistrates, scnfttc,
and people of Cyreiie, "scndeth greeting: 'I'hc
'Jews of Cyrenc iinve interceded with me for tli«
•performanct- of whai Aiignslns leiitordors about
to KlaviuB, the then jiretor of f.ibyn, find to the
jother pAM;|irator8 of that province, that the sa-
. cred iiloti^j^my^ be sent to Jerusalem freely, as
* Aunusiiisnwc calls Julius Cirsar lils/iiM<r,tliouKb
by liirtli liRuasVily his'iiiir/^,on account of his adop-
tioti liy liiin. Hec^^saine. Aiitii|.li. xiv. rli.xiv.sect.4,
iviil e i ic e . (Inn lli e Jew s , i n 1
days of .\ni;uslU9, iiJ^iiii to nrcpare for llic n-leliralion
oftlie Balilnitli at llic iiinili hour on Friday, asvtlie tra-
dition of tlie elders did, it seHiiK, then require oftliem.
t Tile reiiiaiiiiiiK part ortlietiilMpter i-, a reinnrkalilc
one, as Justly distluguislilng uattual Justice, religion,
sutlicient caus^/>f alienation, Init [ join.wit}) us in]
the pursuit of virtue and probity, tor this he'longf
iiif'all men jn cpinuion, aiidofit.^elf alone is suin-
cieiit for the preservation of Ifuiuatt ii^. li now
return to the thread of my hiistpry,
' / i ciiAi*. yii.
//oir, iipon Hirod't guinf; down into Darid't Se-
piUehrt, tht SfdiUon in hit /Vtini/y grittltyin-
. creased. ,1 ..° ■.-.■.
}1.As for Hemil, he had sptint vast ;snnis
about'thc cities, both ^vithout and within hisonn
and morality, from]|i.isrii«t! inslilutiniisi'if fll rounlries,
and evidently prettrrlnl} lljn former ticfore tlic latter ,
irtlieis nft;n
l ir ist aiul l i i i
as did the true prori
ind always under Ihctlfd
fr i i l fl i « nui l ie i i\ e viil e i ic e . Unit lli e Jew s , i n ilii! i TeslaniiMn, a iii U' l ir ii't aiyl l i is a |i o s lle s a lw ay s u nde r
^nyi
itfe
, rFIT«r ^ , :-"..-
the New; whence par Jitsephus seems to liave heen
at this time nearer Oliristinnity Ihiin were the srrihei
and Pliarlsces of liisaite, who, as trnkiiow frnintlia
New 'l'<«taiilenl, wcreentirclyofudilfef cm opinion and
practice, , l
I -
1
aaa^ /ANTI(iuiTIE.ST)rTjrEJEW8.
kiilKflodi! knd m h« hffd Mnn hnril (hut II>r>
laiiiM, who hml hriii Inna ticforv him, hiftl oinin-
eil lluviil'i •epulchrv, mm (nknii out of it llircn
ihouiancL taUnla of lilvrr, nrid that thiirc w» a
much greitcr number lel't hrhinil, itnit inilcnl
rnouKh In tufllce nil hi) wanti, hn hnd Ji grent
whilr in intehtiun (o piakn Ihc iitti'mpt;iai|il at
tl||i limn hfi opened that trpulrhrv hy niKlitf anil
b« at iill known in thecily,hul tookonly hiami ._
raUhrulTricnda with him. As foi" any money, h^
|}lml none, aa Hyrcanua had done, but th*l Tur-
ntlurn of golil, uud thoae precioua );ooilt that
H'ere liiid up there; all which he took iwiiv.
However, ho had a |;rent di'nire to mnk« a more
dllii;enl unrch, and to go further in, even aa fur
aa Ine vervbodiea of David iind Solomon ; Wherei
two of hia l^uardi were alain, by a lliiuie ;thnl
liurat out Upon thoao that went in, an the report
waa. So he waa terribly art'righled,' nnd *ent
out and built n propitinlofy monument of that
frig;l)l he had been in, and thia of white atone, at
the vipulii o/° the aepulchre, iind that ut a gr^nt
eK|M'na« alio. And even IS'ieolaU'i hia hiatorio-
graiiher Jiukea mention of thia innniinient bnilt
by ICerodiAthough he iloo not mention lilap^oin';
down into tk aepnjchro, na. knowing tliiit action
to be of ill Irpute; and ninny other ihiUM hf!
treata of In tne aanie niiinncr in bin hunk; (or ho
Wrote in llerntl'a lifetime, and under lii« relgh,
and ao na to iiltaae him, and na a aerviint to hnu,
totjcliing upon nothing but what li<Wde(i ti> hIa
gloryt and openly exciiaing many of hia noturious
Crimea, and verr diligently coiicenling them.
And aa ho waa (leainiua to put handiiunMs rolnra
An the death, of Mariainne ami her aona, which
were bnrbaroiia actiona in the king," he tella fulae-
hoodi iihout tlie'incontinrnce of Alarinnine,. and
(lie trcrtrheroua deaigna of hia a'ons upon hliii ;
ing a'puinpoua cirponiiuni Upon whnt jnat actiiinai
'he^^ad done, but earneatly apotb^iiing for hia
. Dinjuat ones. Indeed n man, aa I aaitl, inay have
' t great deitl to 'my by way of cxcuan for Nico-
laua; for hi| did not au (iroperly write thia na a
hiatory for'pthera, aa aomewhat that might ^o
kubatrvient to the klllg^ himaelf. Aa for our-
^, ielvea, who conif o,( n finiily nearly eliied to the
Aemonoitni'kjnga; and on that account have an
upright
itianncr. Ahd allhongh we revcvenie many of
llerfld'B posterity, who atill reign", yet do Wjtpny
« greater regani to truth than to tficin, and' thia
(nough'it abinetinxa happens that we incur their
diaufeaaure by 40 doing. ' , u
, 3. Ajiil indeed llerod'a trAiiblrs in his fnmily
■eein to be aifgmenlcd by re.iadn of thia attempt
he made u^ion Uavicl'a sjcpvlchre,.. whether divine
vengeance increased the cnl^uitiei^iii^lBy under,
in order to render then) incurable, or whether
fortune matlc an assault upon liiin, iji those cases,
wherein the scaVonablcness ^1 the caUsc made it
strongly believed (hat the ('^t^lanitties came upon*
him for his impiety; for the tumult waa like a
civil war in liii palace, and> their hatred towards
one another waf like that where eadi oilo strove
I0 exceed aootmr in calurtintes. Hoivtvcr, An-
tipater used.stmtagenia |)ern«>tually against his
brethren, and that very cunningly ;.wliile,ubroud,
•he loaded them with 'ncciisatioita, but still took
upon hini'freqnently to apologize for.iiiem, that
this apparent benevolence to them might uiake
him be Delieved,'and forward h|s-attempts against
thenii by which nieana h e , aft e r va r ious man*
nrrt.'rircuinminl^d hia fitjher, #hit Wliered that
all he did waa tor Kia prenervation. Herod alio
recommended I'lidrniy, who waa a 8|«5»t jli-.,
rector of lh« all'iiira of.hia kingdom; ti> Artlipaler;
and cou*irited with hia mother ulwut the Jmblio
allaira also. And intlced thear w«r« all m »ll>
Mi't;did what theyuleuaed, and niiide the irinfr
nrtgry iigainat any other persona, as they thought
went into its and endeavored that it ahoiild nutl it mi'^ht'bn to their owiii'idvantnge: but' still the
(jMi sous of Marinnine wire in a wi>rafl and woran
condition p«rp«tually, mid while they were thniat
out, and set in a morn dishnnorab'lo raidi who
vet by birth were the moat noble, they cuuld not
bear thii diahonor. Ami for llie woinea,' ()la-
nhyra, AInxaniler'a wife, the daughter of Arche^^
!»ua, hateijl Siijomn, both berjuiae of hicr love to
her hualirind, mid liecuuie (ilaphyra aeemed tn
behave lieraelf ainiiewhnt inaolently tiiwarda Sa<
lonte'a daughter, who waa the wift; oi' Aristobu*
lua, which ei|unlity of hen to hcraclfClaphyrn
took vtrf <iu|i(ilienlly. . ' /\
3. IVo'w, iieaideaihif aecoiid Contention that
had fallen among them, neither did the.kingV
brother I'heroraa keep hiniaelf out of trctuble,
but had n particuJAr foundation for auapicion and
hatred: for he was overeonle with the charuia of^
his wife to auch n degree of mailnea*, that he
doapiaed the kinnj'a diiughtir, to whom he had
been beirntlicd,'Biid wholly bent hia mind trt the
other, who had beeii but n servant, Herod also
will gritved by the diabnnnr that wna done him,
becuiHe he hncf bestowed mnny fnvora upon
him, uiid had advanced him to lli'itt height of
jmwer that he wna nliiioat n partner withliim in
the kingdom, and saw that he bad not inoile him
n due return lor his favora, and esteeriied hini' '
hclf unhiippv on iiiHt account. So upon I'hero-
ras's unwoilhy refuanl, he gave tile daniael to
I'haaaelua'a son: but after some tim<!, when he
and |t"* he proceeded in hia whole work, mhk- ' thought Iholieut' of hia brother's affeCtiQn«>waa
\:
' •;■
/^
over, he blaiiie<l him for his former conduct, anil
desired him to take hin^secoiid daughter, whose
name wna Cjpros. riofeifljr alao aiTviaed him to
leave oil' nlfronting hia brother, nhd to fors»k^^
her whom he had loved, for that it was a base ■
tniiig to be so ennnieureil of a servant, as to.de-
liflve himself of the king's good-will to him, and
beroiiie an occaaion of hia tt'ouble, and make him-'
jielf bated by liini. I'heroraa knew that this
iidvicc would be fur Ilia own advantng", |iarticu- .
liirly bt^Cauae lie had been accused Oefore, and
forgiven; so he put hia wifraway, although he
rtlready had ii aon by; her, and engaged to the
king that 'be Woiilcl fake hia second daughter,
and agreed that the thirtieth day alter ahOiild be
the.day of marringefivqpd swore he woiild have
no further cpflversntion witi) her Whom he had
put away^ but when the tlijrty daya were over,
tic was such a slave to hia anV'ctions, that he no
longer performeil any thing he had promiacd.but
continued atill With his former wife. This occa-
sioned Herod to grieve, openly, and mado hiiii
angry,' Vvhile the king (lro))j)ed one word or other
aoitjnat Pheroras perpetually; and many made
tnd king's anger au opportunity for raiaing ca-
lumnies against him. jNor had the king any lon-
ger a single quiet day or hour, but occasion* of
oiic frealuquacrel or another arose a^jiong, his re-
laiions, and those that were dearest to him ; for
Salome wag of a harsh temper, and ill-natured to
Mariamne'i sons; nor would she suffer her own »
daughter, who Was^the wife of Aristobulus, one
of those vpung men,' to bMr a Eood-will to her .:
husVnd, but persuaded her to tell her If he bad.
said'any thing to her in private.; and'When any
misunderstandings happened, as is common, she
i
raised a gieal iiiuiiy suapicjoiis out of' it; by
* It is hen worth oux observation^how carefUl Jose-
pbua was aa to the iliaeovery oftftath in llci'ad'i histo-
\y, since he would not follow Nirqlnns of Damascus
hiniKCif, so srcal a historian, wher)> there waa xr^at >,...«, .„„„„„ „ ,.,..,„„> ,„„.y
.-easDii to sus|icri ilmtlie flattered llerod ;AvhH-h tai- j peet it ft om t|ii» very history,
partiality in history- Joscphus hf re lOlemnly profeHes, I - '
and of which linpartialily hehassiven moreilemonstra-
tiontbaii almost any other historian whomsoever Bat
aa to Herod's taking ^reat wealth out of Iiavlil' ' sepul-
chre, though I. cannot proi-c it, yet do I stroiigly lua-
«
DOCK XVI.— CHTAP. VI!.
r
wli'irh mrani iho lMm«<l ill iktU ^on^fln)•, ■ml
iiidU lh«! (Iiiiiiwl jll-naliirtMl Iti Ihc }(»iii|i; nmn.
And in iinlcr l<i iftntify hir iimlhrf, ih^t <i(irn
'i uUI that lh« youiiK mrii umiI tu in*nt)An Miri-
nniaa wh«n lh»^ w«rr liy ll^rimrWrt', ■nil ,ih*t
lh«y hHl«<l thrir lather, ■nil wrro i;nnlimi«lly
IhrrjilrnitiK, lh«} rf lh»y h«<l iini'ii ((ot th<> l|in|c
Jnin, thvy <iroilin iiiakn llrrml't inn* liy hi* fur-
iiirr wive* ,e<nintry •choolinii»lrrii, fur .tlwt (hi)
prcMnt <i(|i|t*lii>ii which wan ki'"* Ihcni, anil
thiiir ililiK«n|cf in Ifnriiini, tituul Ihriltjur auch
«n aninloyincnt. Ami ■« lur thn wixiicn, when-
evrr Inry nif thi'iii itilormil, with Ihi'ir innthrr'i
,clothf'«. thi'y (hrrnlriii'il, thiit iiiili'iiil nl' thrir
priMrnt Kaii'iy apparrli thry •honlil l>v rliilhiHl iii
•aQkrlutVi; anil runfinnl 'ao cluir.ly that thay
' (hoiflil not ace thr light nf.lhn inn. TITipm <li>-
ri(> wrre prcMMilIy carriail liy Salnmii'lp the
kiniif, who wa* Irnublnl to h«ar Iheiii, anil rn-
' iltiivorcd til niHkn u|> nwltnrt; hut tlwtii lii»-
piriona alRirteit liiiiiV nnd brromini; inur« and
ninra unviiay. he briierfil eriTy body aKaintt
evcr^ body I IIowwit, upon hit rrbukiiifr hit
nonii, aiidihe*riifK th« dnlWire thev niiiilv for
Ihriiiulvni, he waa eaaior for' ■ while, thouKh ■
little ■I'terward much worae ■ci-iilcnl«tca|nii upon
. hini. y
4. For I'lirrorni dime to Alexaiuhh-, tir« hu*-
band of Cllnphyrt, who waa tho^^Klit"'' "'^ Ar>
chcl^n, ua wit hnVK alrenily tiiliT yriu, iitHl.iiaid,
jMCThA had h^anl ^Oiii Snlumc, Ihiit lli'ruij wnt
AAiianioiiwd of (Slaphvm, and thnt hi» imfnion/nr
'; ^«r wita inriirnble. VVh^n Alexanilt^r nearil that
fee waa oil on fire, fWini hia youth mid jrnlouti-r
'^ and he iiilrrprHrd the innlani'ra of llrrud'a oltli-
..«i>.''j|^iil|; bi'ha^vtoF til Jier, which were vt^ry frequent.
', 'oi;thi! worse, which came from tlione autiiirion*
t™, he had on account of that, word which fell front
'.' -I'heToma: nur'coutd h(4 conceal hi< srirf at the
* .< thing, |>ut infi^rnieit him- what wbriii) I'lirrorna
liad aaid.' II|)On which Hcroi(^wii« in a );reatrr
ifisonlertlMn ever; and not bcariili; ^iich n falie
ca1uainy,''which wn* to hit ahanie, WHii,niurh dm-
^ turlird^at it; and oftendid he liyiiienttlic wickril-
lieM of hit doinctticii and howfi^onit lie' had bent
to them, Aftii how illrequittili (bey hwl nindehifli,
So he lent for Fhci'nra*, and repronclied liim, and
..naiil, "Thou vilest of nil men! art tlioii rhnle to
that unnieaaumbic and rxtravngniit drf^ree of
ingratilnde, ns not only to sup|io*r.<>uch lliinpi of
we, but to ipcnk of (hem T I now indeed perceive
^ what thy intentions are: it ia not thv pnly aim
to reproach nic when thou uieat siich wordt to
my tAi, but thereby to p^erauade hliil to plot
againat me, and ^rt nie ilealro\ed by poison.
And who ia there, if he had not a prooi) ^cniua ut
. : his elbow,' as hath my son, that would bear such
nsuapicibn of his father, but would rrveii{;e hini-
aelf upon him? Dost thou auppose (JKit thnu hast
only dropped a wprd for him (o tliiiiJt of, and not
miner Iraat fiut a swoni into hia hniid to alay his
fatbci*'' And 'wha( dost thoii nicnn, iVhen lliou
really hateat both him ani) hia brother, to pretend
' kindness to thrni, only in ordcr(6rVii«en reproach
- _ against me, antl talk of sntth (hings as no one but
■.' aiich an impious wretch, as thou art could either
derise in their iiitnd, or declare in their words;
Begone, (hou that' art such ■ plague to thy be-
^ • nefnctorandtliy brp(hcr, nnd may that evil con-
science of (nine go aHng willi (hee; while I alill
overcome my relations ih)- lindness, and f m ao
S ■ far from avenging myself of (bent )is they de-
serve, tliat I bestow gteater benclifa upon them
. -than they are worthy of."
5. Thua did the kin^ speak. Whereapoo Phe-
roras, who was caught in the very act of his vil.
lany, said, that " it was Salome who wiia the fn|.
(o 'make (he kiilg hale hrr, and to niajia her
away, lici anse of the gnodwill alir bore In lla-
fimI, and bei auae alvfi was always fori aeeing the '
dangers ih^t were i-oiiiiiig U|nn him, ami (hat ■!
present (here were nicirn plo(a agaiiiat him than
usual t'/nr while stie was (he only |wrii>n Who <
|Mir<uailrri her brodier (n f\\\. *Way (hr wife h»,
now had, and (o (ake (he king's iliiiighd'r, i( wa«
no wonder if she yiiexr hated by hiiil. As sha
said (hia, aidl often (ore her hair, and uflrn beat'
herbreas(, her rountrnanca -made iter denial to
be belisved ; bn( jhn perv/raeniH of her man-
ners ^erlnreil at tlin same (inie hi r iliMiiiAjIntion
in theac priM-rediiigs; ii^K I'lternrus was ciiught
between (bem, ■iiiniad iio|hiiig plausible lii'iiner <
in hia ow^ defence, while he conlVascii ttint':hn
had laid what was charged upon him, hut was
not b/-lleveil when he aiiid he had heard it I'rniii
Salome ; *n the ibonfiisioat aiiiiiiig (hein wna in-
creased, and (heir nuarrelsniiie wonls orte (o.
other. At fiiHt (h* King, oui of hia ha(red
bro(|ier and ilsler, sont them l<o(h nway.TTiit
when he had c'lfmiiirnded (he niniieralion of hi*
aon,,and thai he had hiniself told .hini of (hij re-
|ior(, he Wenc in (he evening to rel'reah hi.iiiirlf.
Alter such n cnnfesi ■• Ihfa had liilleiriMit liinotiK
them, SaloHic'a rrpuditiiin snllend greatlv, siiico
she waa tup|Mneil (o hiivc/irst ruivd the cnliim-
liy; and (he king'swives were grieved lUhei, n^
kitpning >lii> wiis a very^Ul-unlucii'd vvoiiinii, nn(t
wii^ld mwetiiiies by a }r"ieiiil, mill Sdiiiefiiius nil
enei|iy, nt dillere|bt ««;;\son«i so (hey pcrjjUiiidty
aiiid oni? (Iiing or nmitliiq' against hir, .Niiil aojiif-
, what (hn( now fell Out made (hem (he buliirr in
speaking Hgninst>lirr.
(>. There wiia one Oboilna, king of'Arnbin, an
imii'live and alothliil in.'iii in his iiariirei bu( Syl-
leus mnniigeil iiiost'of hisntl'iiiraftir him. He waa
a shrewd uiani altlinugli lie vviis but yoim*, Hnd
wns-hiinilaome witliiil. This Sylleu!", ii(H)n soiiio
iOcciuion coming (y llenid, mid Hipping nidi
him, a'aw Siiloiiie, nii(| se( Ids henrt upon her;
iimf. umlera(nndiiig (lin( she .was ■ wiilon, hi<
discoursed with her. Now, bemuse Snluliin w.«»
at (his Ijiiie less in fnvor vvitii her brotliir, she
looked ijpon Sylleus with some .|<hs«ion.niid yiai
very earliest %» be nmrrird tii''him; ami on (liL-
dnya following tlfrre appeared iiinnv; and (hose
very greatMUfCAlions of their agrei;ini'iit (ore-
(her. Mow TTic wouinit ciirrii'il tbia ni vya (n Die
kin:;, aiiil, laii'.;hed at (he indeCenrt'of i(; where-
upon lleiiod imiiiireil aboit( i( tiirrhtr ol': Thiro-
riis, -and 'ileaireiKhiiii (o observe theiii nt Hii|>]ier,
hojv their behavior Wns oi|e (oivanl ,iinother;
who (old hini, thnt by the ai;;nnls wliifch raine
from (heii- hs-ails iind.theii' efes, (h'ev |K>lh were
evidently iivlove. After (his, Sylleus- ((»»• Ara-
bian, being'susperted. Went KivijSf, but lime
ngiitn in two or three months afte'rwanls, as it
were on that very design, and spvike dhllerud
about it, and desireil that Salome inirht be ;;nrn
Imhi to wife; for (lint his nlfiiiity mi^ht n<i( Im-
diaadvaii(age(^u* to his afliilcs, by n'Siiiiiin irith
Arabia, the governinent of which country was
already in efl'ect under his potrer, .iiid uiiri' < v i-
deiidy would be hia bereiiftir. AcrordliigH ,
when Herod discouraed >vilh his aijtef.nboiit ft,
and asked her- whether she tvTfe dispoied to this
match, she immediately n'^rced ta it. ,"l>iit vi lit,K
Sylleua was desifi^d li'i Voiirti over to the Jew i«h
religion, and then he shniild Bmrry lier, mid thnt
iiwai impossible to-do it on any other leniis, he
could hot bear thnt proposiil, and went his iv.iv ,
for he aaiit, thiit if he an»nhl do. so, he iihiiiild (ir
stoned by the Arabs, Then did I'berorHs re-
proach Salome for her incoiitinency, ns did thg
women inurh more, and, snid. that Sylleiis'lmd
liter of this plot, and that the tyords came froiii
her." - But as soon as she heard (jiat, for she
was ut hand, the cried out, like pne that would
be believed, that no Mch thing ever came out of
her, niotilh: thafHhey all earnestly jc.ndearored
debauched her. As for (hnt Jlamsel, w|)oiii the
king had betrothed (q^his brother I'berciras, bqt
be had liot taken her, ns I have before W'hiled,
because h% was enamoured of liis forimir wife,
Salome Qesiccd of Heroil she might be g^ven to i
V ■ ■-■-■■■
ANTKH'ITlEe or TOE JfhV'8. '
hir Hoii 1)7 Cotlotifnili «ftlirh iimtrli h* WM
' vtr/ williiiK In, but ««■« •lixHimliil irojr^ it iiy
rii*riini, mhu |il*ti<lr<l (hut lbi< > minf iiiaii
nuulil not lie lijiul |i> Ixr, tiiuo hit Iiil1i«r bml
• born iliiiii b/ liijii, uiii rb«l it w iimre juti ihwl
liU luM, whii Milt to kie bit tui ci'Miir in lki« tv-
Irunliy, tliiiiilil haire,hrr; wi hV hi gK«({ liw pur-
iliin, mill )icriut<l«J hiqi lii ilu lu. AcfortliiiitU ,
lb* lUnitvl) U(ion ihii' cbiiiiK« i)( hvr i)I|iouihU,
«rM ilii|iua«<l of Id (hij ]fuiiii|( ifTitii, |h« •uii ul
. rbnrdriu, tha king Kiving for licr^wHiun • buii-
dncl talriita.
VMW. VIII.
Mtw HtroJ Imlk vp AUxandir, anil bimnd him'i
vihftm ytf Arckelami Kingiit CafpaUocia, rt-
nntilld to hi* Faihtr Htrod a^uin.
I 1. DUT •lill iUt, lUliiin iif IliroU'a rnmlljr
weru iiu lietlir, but iHriwIiially iilnrii truublu-
toHiA. How Ihli iicriilrn(hap|wiii-il, wbicharoiu
(hjiH no ilt'Ccnt oovaiimr, but prucecilrtl ra fiir M
tu bring (('•'■'I <l>llii'ultict U|kiii liiiii. Thrrit were
certniii riiiiucha which Ihc kliiK bikil, ami on sr-
coUlit ul tlirlr biRu(|, na« \rry fuiiil uf Ihcui;
•ml the cum o( hrin^iiiK; biiii df ink wuii intruktfil
to onn u( tbfiii, of hringiiiK him hi* >u|iprr lo anu-
t^»^ and of iiultiiig him to but to the thinl.'who
■liiiiiil tiiiinHK< il tilt' iirincipnl alfniri of Ihn go-
. veriiiiivnt i nml (hern wii» oiin told ihi: kiiig, that
'Ibvtp «unuchfl wiri! corfupltd Uy Alcxiiliiltr th«
king'a ton, wi(h gnmt aunitid' hioiuv: uml whin
Ihfjr wire a«|i<<i, Hbetlier Ali]iBncl«r bntl |ind
. criininBl convt riution with Ihcm / ihiy imifrM-
ed m, but luid tbiy kniti^' of ho further iiilii.-hi<'f
of bin n^'ni^lll hia fiither; but whwi thty wfrt-
inoro ai-vvri I) lorlured, und wcro |n Ibis ulnioot
exlrt'inil}', and thu tnriiii:nt>'ra, out of complianit!
with Anlijiutir, atri'trluil the mi-k lo tliii n>rv
utinoat, they »!iid, tbnl Alrxandi.T hart' L^nal ill-
will and inii:i1it hutrvd to hia fiithir; and that hv
told (hem, thut llrrod drapairrd to live niurli
tniigcr; and that in order to cover hia ),'reat age,
ha coloieil hia hnir black,' and endeavored to
conceal what wnuld diacover liow olil he waa;
but thill if he wuuld apply hiuiilelf to him, when
he ahould atliiin the kingdom, which in apite of
hia I'lither, could conio to no one else, he ahould
quickly have Ihc lirat place inthat kingdom uiiiler
mm, for that hi; waa now ready lo lake Ihc kiiig-
doiii, nutjjiily aa hia liirthriL'ht, but^liy the pri pa-
ratioiia be had made fur oTitnining it, Ijtcauae a
.-great ninny of the nilert, and a great iiiuliy of
hia frieiida were of hia aide, and thoae no ill men
neither, ready both to do and to auHer tvlmlao-
cver ahould come on that arciiunt.
8. When .^Jerutl heard thia cuiifoHJIqni, b«.Witi'
ell over onKiraud fear, ruiiic iiarla'ai'eiiliiig' to
him reproadilul, and aoiiie niaile him siiapicioua
of diiiigera that attended him, iiisoiituch that on
both ificcoulita hu waa provoked, iiiul bitterly
afraid leat (oiiic iiiorii hi-avy [Hut waa laid agaiual
him than he should be then iiitle to eacupe from;
whereupon he did not now niake un opii search,
but acnt about apiea to natch auch ua be aiiapect-
ed, for_liB was now overrun with auspicioii and
hatred ugaid^it all about him ; and indulging
abuiiUance of thoae auspicioua, in order to bis
pi'eaervation, he continued to suspect those that
were^)rililtless-, nor did he set any bouiida to
himselt, but supposing that those who sinid with
nini had the liibst power to hurt him, they were
tohiiuarery IVighttid; and for those that did not
UM^ lo come to him, it seemed enough to name
them [to make (hem tuspeelid,] and he thought
himself safer when they were di'stroyed; anil at
last his domestics were come lo that piiss, that
' beinjf no way secure of escapiiiff theiiiselvea.
,x
they fell to accusing one another, and imagining
that be who first accused aiiother, was moil
likely to sate himiclfi yet, when any had ovcr-
tfarotvo others, they were hated, and they wore
thought to luOier juatly, who unjuatly atrused
olhera, ami lh«y only Ih'rthy pn>««nt>il'|h*lr
own niMxiliuui mil, Ihry now rtri itiml thoir
rtWn pritale eiiiiillii. by. this meiin», and wh«n
"they w*ra ciiiight tliey were punialii'il in |ha
aama W«v. Thus Iht'te iiitn rnntrivrd lo iiiaka
uaa of thia opiHirluiiiiy »• an iiiatrumeMi awl a
aiiare agaiual liieir tileiiiiea; )el when Ihey tried
"1??"' !:"""***''"'""'(!''' "'"' '" ''"■»* •"•f"
whleh Ibay laid, for nlhtrt: wd th<> king anon
reprnird of whni bf had done, liri:jiu>«r he had
m riear Wldi nee of the guilt of those whom he
JNkd ahiiii) and yet what WM tljll iimre aeverr in
Tmiii, ha did not make ute of Ilia repentance, in
order lo leave oil doing the lik» again, but iu
6rcl«r to inllict ilio luini punithiliinl upon Ihair
accuaera. " ,
a. And in thii tliUi ofdiaorUcr wtrf tha alMrt
of tli»/),iilace! and h* had alreaify (old niaiiy of
hia friemU direclly„thal Ihey ouKhlnoi toapi»»r
lieloretiini, nor comajnlo the piiluc . ; aH<) lli«
r*«*on of ihia imunrlTon naa, ihil [when Ihey
wara IheraJ he bad leat ffcedoiii of acting, or a
graaUj' realraint on hinitelf on Ihrir acfouni: itir
at thia time i| was that betlp«|leil Anilroiuncbua
a|id (iamellua, men who had of old twen bit
fririida, anil been h ry u.eful to hiin in"(he iilliiirt
ol hu kingdom, and liitn of HdvaliliiitC io his
jaiiiiy, hy.lhtir,eiulia««agea ami I'dunwta; and
had been tutors to lii« tons, and bndlin a inaniiar
the liiat degree of freedom with liiin. lie ai-
pelUd Aiidroiiiiii'liua, beciluae hi* Bni1| Demefriut
waa a coniimnion lo AU«iimUr and i;iimrllut,
because he knew, thut hi> wished him k,U, «hich
aroae from his having Ijeeii with Jlim i>) hlavoUth,
when hi. wiia ul achool, and abaeatlul Home.
Iheae he enpelled out of hit jklacil hiiH '#«■
willing enough to have done Uor.elbv Ihemj
but lh»t he might not seem lo lake sulh libarlv
againal men of ao great reiMitwlioii, hd coiiteni-
«d bimsell with depriving them of thi 1^ ilignifv
ami of tjieir |)uwer to binder hia wickedli(rocelid-
">K«- ' . f ,, .
ii'*'ui ""' '• ""f* A''''P»I«»' who wai IheVautedf
all this; w'bo,.when liuJiiiew what a matfaiid li.
centioua way of acliiig hia father was in, Uid bad '
been a gt^al while oneof hit coiinaelhira.The hur-
ried liim on, and then thoughi he ihoulll briilu
hini to do somewhat (o puipo»e, when eviry one
that could oppose him waa taken aWny. \Vhcn,
therefore, Aiidromarhus and hia friends were
driUii uivny, and bad no di«uur»c nor liledon-
with llie kin;; any longer; llm king in tile (irsl
place • xuiiiiiied l)y torture all whom'he t)io"Kht
to be taithful to Alexuiid.r, whether iheyTkuew
of any of hit atlempta iigain.t him; but these
died without having aiiy thiiTg to aiiy to thai iiint-
ter, winch made the king more zeijhius [afieUlis-
cpveriea,] when he coukl nut find out whal evil
procceilinga he auspected Ihi in of. As for Anti-
pater, he wat very sagacioin lo raise a culiikiiiiy
against those thai were really iiiuoci iil, al il
their denial was onlv their constancy and fiddlily
[to Alexander,] and thereiipim provoked llilrod
to ihscover, by tlie torture of great numbers
what- attempts were still concealed. Aow tliWo '^
wara ccrUiii person among the many that wlifc
tortured, who said, Ihat he knew (hut the iouii2
man had often said, that when be was commeild.
ed as II tall innli iu his body, and h skillul mar
Vmn, and , (hat in bis comuleiidable exercises
exceeded all nun, lb. se (jUidificB(ii«i» given 1
by nature, though good in (heniM-lvvs, wen
advantageous to him, because his lather
grieved at tliein, and envied him for them;
lha( when he walked uImic wi(h his fmher he
deavored to depress nml siiorten him.., If, (|ia(
mi ght not appear u,o t;il|." n ml Ihatwlien hi
B( any thing us he was liuiitirig. vvhrn his fallc
was by, be mi^std his mark on purjiptc. forTh(
knew how amhitiuus his father wa* of being iu
IHriiot in such exerciats. .So when the man wa»
toriuenled abou( tbii layiog, and hod case giVas
.-^.
ti»t»il'lh»lr
Mtml ihvir
■ml ««h«n
Im'iI hi |h«
ni tu iimIiii
ll«Ml HUt( ■
Ihrjt trMiil
•Aiiii' •narr
khiK •iHiii
iiff hx hill
« wbum ha
It arvrrr in
■ nlmiiai, in
III), liitt ill
u|iun Iheir
I th* nAiiir*
III IIIHII)! of
il (llHll|ltrlir
i «Hll llw
whi'll ilirjr
»-liii({, or a
rfuiiiil: Itir
ilruium'hui
t IvKfi hit
i"(he iillHJri
ii|t<' ill hit
llifia; Riui
I ■ iiMiniitr
I- He M-
Di'iiitilriut
till 111 i-llui,
nil, *hirV/
ihinyuUth,
lut Kunii'.
i Hll»l'#0»
III* 111*1911
nLli lib^rfy
il ciiirtcnt-
ir ili^tnit),
il||iruc'iiltij-
i^tfiniiil li-,
n, kind hncl
n,\Ur. hur-
lum liriiti-
«.'vm uiii'
;. W'hen,
rilJli wen
If llT«ll()ll-
II (lie lirji
"■ 'If "Kht
Inty KlU'lv
l)iil tbiH'
filial Hint-
[Hfirj-ilis.
whul f'vil
» lor Ami'
u culuiiiiij^
IK, h\ ir
ml fKlillity
cil lltirud
niiiiibtrii •
^ow tliWo "^
thai ivljCo
ihn >oi»ij)
roniiiirijil-
liil iiinrli-
ircismlbe
Kivin litku
I tviri' Mt
itliir ^ia»
litiii ; unci
her hr int
r, tlintjh^
II li i i Hr
noOK XVI-CHAP. VIII.
XH iMiity *ft«r It, ka iiMad, thtt h« hail hi* *>">-
lli«r ArUlohulut forhU •uial»lH-«i •nil r«nlri«*il
In lio In WDit (»' ihcir fRlhrr.n* Ihrjt wtrc hunt-
iny.inil kill hull : wkI whwi tHry haul itnnn •11,
In liy III Hiinir. •») d'oirai In h*«* th« kiiiKilom
■ ilr«n ihcm. Thcra w«r» aliu Iriuri of Ihn
roun| inm laantl.writlun In hlahrolhfr, wh*r*ln
h« ci>m|iUin»il, (h«t hit falhrr illii not acl Jiijlly
in (iviiiK A«li|>«l»r a rniiiilry, whow f jrrarfv fr»-
vannct >iiiiiiintail to two humlrril talinl*. IfiMiii
' lh«M ciinlrMlnn* llrroil |irr*riilly thought h«
hatl •uiiirwhat loilrpriiil im, in hit OMtli o|iiiiiiin,
'^ a* to hi* lutiiiriiin nlioiil hi* •onii ao b* liMik up
Alaianilor ami lioiiml him: yet iliil hr •I'ltl con-
tinuk 10 hr unraiy, ami irnt iiitt iiuitr anlltAril of
tha tnilh uf what hn huii hmril; nnil when ha
^ma to rrrnllrrt bimtrir, hx fiiiiml that Ihry had
only iiiada juvrnile cixnplainia anil riintanlioiu,
anu that it waa aa tncrmlibla thin);, that whrn h'«
aon •hoilUl ha>B alaln hiiu, liu ihuuld npcnly uo tu
Rohir[to lirK tbr kin|;cliiin,] n> Im wai il««(niiia
l(# hava •uiwe aiircr Diiirk ii( hii min a wu'knlnrM,
and wai «rry iolicitnril about it,' that tin niifht
not appear to ha«r conilcmnril him In h« jiuf in
priaon tno raihty; 10 hr ti>rtar«dlh«prii()ri|iart>f
Alciamlrr'a fririiHa, and put not a frw oflhrni to
daalh, without grltiiiK any of lli<MliiiiKaiiut of
tk«|u whirh hr •unprrtnt. And whilr llrroil
Wn vrry buay about Ibii niallrr. ami thr (lalara
waa full of IrrmramI miulilr, uiir'of Ihn youn(rr
aorl/whrn bo wn* in thr UlniiHt aKuiiy.cnnfi'Mad
(hat Alfinnilrr hnij atnt to hi* fririida iit Koiii)',
aad draired that ho might b« ipiirkly iniili'd
Ikithcr hy Civaar, and that hr could diacuyrr a
Jlol aipiinit him; (hat Milhridalra, the king of
'■rthia, wai jninrd it)^ a frirndthip.wlth hja fa-
ther aglklai^ thr itomana, and that hr had a
poltonoua potion rraily prrimml at Aakrion.
S, To Ihaaraccnlallona llrnxl i^ave crrdil, and
enjoyril h«rrby, i|i hia miarrablr caar, annir aort
oTconaolatilin, in aicuan of hia raahnraa, at Hat-
Itrinp bimtrif with liniKnr (hinita jn to bad a
oondllion; but at for thr poiaooout |iolion, whirh
he labored (o find, he rnuld And none. Aa for
Alexandrr, he wat vrr]^drsirouttiiR|;grayal«lhr
vait mitforlunra he waa undrr; to hr prrtrmlrd
D0( (o deny thv< accuaatiodt, but puniahrd (he
rathnrta of hit father with a ^ralrr urinie of
hia own; and perhapa he watwillinjt to niakr hit
father nahaQird of hit raay brlirfor tuch raluin-
nlea; he aiinetf etpecially, if hr I'aulil ^«in br-
Kef tio hi/i ttorv, to ptague him anil hit whole
kingdom; for nc wrote four Irltrri, and, tent
Ihein to hint, that " hi6 did nut nreit tif' tiwlurr
any more iiennnt, for he hai) plotlrd atfaiuat
kini; apd ina( he had for hjl partner:! i'hiforna
and the moat fuithful of hia frii'iiila; aiiil thiit Sit-
llonie cqin« ilk lo,hii|k by niEhl, Mid tlint tliil lav
I with him whrllier he would ornp; and Ihiil all
Inen were coiiie to be of one iiiiiid, to make
laway with hiiii nt toon ak thry foulil, and lolKrI
clear of thf ronlMiual fear they wire in Iront
nim." Amniig Ihrtu wrrr nrciiard I'tolriny kind
hapinniua, who were the niotl faithful I'rirWlt
In the king. And what more can be taiil, but
thai thote who brfore were the moat Intimate
penda^ Were become wild braat* lo one another,
I if a rrrtnin mndnesa had fiilkn upbri thrln,
^hilc there wat no rooiii for ilefenre or irefuni-
n, in order to the ditcpvery of the truth, bht
all were at random doomed todeitnintion^' 1
that tomo lamented, thour/ that were in pj-itoi
aqnie thote Ibat were put to death, and othei
uented thai Ihry wrre in thr rxperliition ol
l^e tame iiiiaerirt; and n liirlancK'oty aolitudi
rendered the kiiiploni ilefdrmrd, and nuilr th
ra yewc to thai happy Mate I t wr ia (o ri i k e r ly in;
Herod'a own life alto waa ehlirrly ditturbed;
ily.ho wat iitrely^
twnrd in hit hand ; •mi ikni wat kit mind nickl
ami day inlrnt u|Hin Ihit thing, and r««ol«ad II
oyer and otor, no nlhrrwiar Ihau if ha were an-
ilrr a dittraniun. And Ibia wat Ih* aad eulldl-
liun llrriMl wat now in.
li. Ilul whin Ari'hrlaut, king uf Cappadoeia,
heard uf the alala thai llrrwl waa in, and being
in great dialriat aliiiut bla ilnughlrr. ami tha
yuung iiiaii^biT hunbaiid. { and grirtiug with Ha*
mil, aa with a limn (hot wat hM Iririid, iin arruaal
,if to great a ditlurlianr* aa he wat undr^, ka
irtnw I to Jrruaali 111 { iin pur|>»te In iiHii|mi« their
iltllrreni'rai and whrn htt found Hrrnil in tnrh •
leni|ier, h« thniighl it wholly untrawinaltle lu re-
prove him, or In prrlnid thai he bud dune any .
thing raahly; lor thai he thuuhl Ihrrrliy natu-
rally brinif him In iltapuin the (Nilnl wiili liiin,
and by anil more and mom anoliigiiing for him-
aelf In he tbe'niura irrilHlril; ne went thrrrfore
another way lo «»«rk, in order lo cnrrn:! tha
fiirnirr uil'Inrtunea, and appriirrd angry at the
young man, ami taid, that llrroil had been lO
very mild a niah. that hu had nut aeird a r*th
part at all, Hr ntao taid, he would dittolve hia
ilaughler'a marriage with Alriandijy nor coulil
in jnatioe aparr hit own dauuhlir, if alir wrra :
i;on«'i(iu« of iiiiy thing, anil djil not inluriii IJrrod
of it. Whrn Ari°hiTaut appenrrd to be of thia
temper, anfl otherwise than Hrmd ti|>erted dr
inuginr^ anil fur the main, iniik llerud'a (lart,
and waa angry on hit aiTounl, the king abated
of bit hnrahneaa, and took ori'aaion. I'runi hia ap-
iiearing lu have acted juatly hilhrrtu, lo com*
liydrgrrri In put on thr allrrllon oft fatheriainl
wat on both aidrt In be pitird; fur when aoina
penont refuted the ralumnirt that were laid iin
the young man, he wat Ihruwn into a (laation;
but wlirn Archrlaua julnrd 111 the accuaationt ha
wat diaaulrrd into trara and lormw after an af-
fectionate manner. Accor«lingly,hedetlred that
be woiild not dittolve hia ton't marriage, and be-
came not to angry at liefurr for hit uflencet. So
when Arckalaut had bmiight liim lo a more mo-
derate 'eSpcr, he trantfrrred the caluniniaa
upon hia friemli; and taid, it niuat be owing to
Ibriii that to young a man, and one unacquainted
with malice, wat corrupted, and be tuppotad
that there wat more reaton to iiiaprct the br<>-
ther than the tun. Ufmn which Hirnd i4rat verjr
niiich ditplraaed at I'hrrnrat, who indeed now
linil no one that could make a reconciliation lie-
twrcn him apil hia brother; ao when he taw
that Archelaut had thr grcatctt power with Ha-
md, he betook himarif to hi 1 the habit of n
iiiourner.'aiid likeune tlial had all the aignt upon
him of an uiidonr man. U|)on Ihia, Archilau*
did uoi overlook the intercetiion hr iiwile tp hini,
nor yrl did he unllerliikr to change tha king'a
ilianutitiun towanla him immediately; and n« "
taid, that it wiiabrlirr liir him to come himielf
lo the king, and confrta hiinarif 'the uccation o^
nil; that thia would make the king'a anger no( |9
be rxlravngant toward* hiiii, and that thru hn
would be pretcnl to naaitt-bim. When he had
perapailed him lb Ibit.Ke gained hit point with
Imlh df them; and thfcalumniri i^°nied agatint
the yiimip man werr, tiryoiid ivll eli()erlBliort,
wi|icd ortV And Afi'tirliiiii, ;«* aoon n« be had
made the reconciliation, went 4hrn away to Ca|b^
padpcia, having prilvrd at thii' ji»neture of lima
the 'inoit accrptablr {leraofi to. Herod in tho
world; on which acruiml he gtBre hiui the rich-
eat pretenta, aa lokeiit of hit reapcct tilhim, and
being on other ocfaHiuna magnaninio^a, he et-
teemed him one of hi* driireit friendi. He alto
made an. agreement with him that be would go
to Ron ie j b»e au te ho h a d ft rritt en In Ca! > nr i i bont
y^:'
' n a il m
thete afraita: ao thry *ent together a» far aa
Aritiiic'h, and Ihrrr llirixl inadi; a reconciliation
between Anhelaut and Titut, the preiident of
Syria, who bad bit a greatly at variance, and ao
relumed baik (o Jdd«|[.
Ilia fa(
lie. i'ur|k(
being tu
man wa|i
■ateglMsl
and becautc he could Iriial nobod
lUnithed by tho expectation of farther niiarry.
br he ollcn Inncied in hit imagination, that hit
■on had fallen upon him, or itoud by hiin with a
to
4^
M'
CHAP tX
Chmtirming Iht HtyMt ^ m» TrfuhimUui Am*
INUtm ^ffund Ihnihrfkrt C»tmr: mnd Aow
ANTiQi;tTirjs or tiie jEWi. <««
H, ,._..„,.„ ..■•.r.ir^Dr* i.avar/ aiu now
triul wAfK « ',rMr Mt aHgrf ml kim.niuhtd
h nitd ^trntaui (o Kami.
I I. When lltrtHi haU b«rn •! Knmc.aiul mu
toxM li»t k igiila, ■ m»t ■row b«lwri>n him «iiil
th« Ar»l)Mn«, on |K« ttcrMiou ri)ll»i»iii>: th« in-
InhfUnla of TrackoallU. tltrr Our hwl Inkrn
»h« itmnlr* %r,»f trim\ /*n.«li,riM, ait.! ■.Mr.) U
Ik llrniil, hatt Hut iiiiw |H>war In rub, tivl war*
forea.l I.I |il.iii||h Ilia haiul, an<l Ici llta qin*il..
*hl.(n*a. a limn ihfjr .li,| n„| |,|„, ,„i\ „h*ii
Ihay (lilt lako thai paint. Iha Kr<>uo<l iIhI nolnru-
•jura |i|u<k (Villi r.ir Ihrm. Ilowarar, al Iha
Br»l Ihc kln^ would nul pariiiil Uiviii lo n.li, ami
■•> Ihry aliilaincd from thai liiiJuM Mav ol livinc
upon llirir ii..i,<li(Kjt., wtikh [ifUNorri] llcro^ ■
• S"'""*!'"'''"'"" for •'!• carr; but whvii ha waa
wilin|"lD Konia. (it *,», at thai lim* wh«n ho
want lu acruie hi( ion Alaianilar, in.! lu i mil
Aoli|«l«r to Cwwr'a lirolaclloo.) iha Trarho-
nil«> •(irrail a reiiorl ai if h« mmrm ili-aii; and ra-
futtrd fruui hii tfuminiiin.anil betook ihriiiM'lvca
■f 11411 lo llicit acciiatuiiird way of rolidinr thrir
naiKhborai at which lima th« ki-j't .i.uiinun.l-
•r» •ulMliMd thaiii durinK hi* abnanif, Om( about
forty of lb« prineipHl r«bl>«r«. bcinf( larrilUd by
IhoMi Ihnt hail l..rn taki 11, left thr 1 omitry, and
"'"■••'I ""lo Arabia. Svlliua rnlirlaiiitiiK ••'"•ii.
•ftar hn had luiMidof marrvin|{Sttloiu...i)ml|ri(,«
Uain a place of atrrnKth. in which tliry dw.lt.
So thay overran not oiily Judea, but alt I'lrloay.
riB hI(o. i^iid fHrriid off tha yirvj, whi|« Sylleu,
■ allordr.l lluin plac*i of prolrclina ami iiiiielitfM
•luring till ir wicked practical. Hut whrn llarod
cania back from Roiii«t b« pcrcrivad that hi«
tlomimona ^ad Kraatlr tuffered by them, and
•laca ha could not r«ach the robbera Ihainiielvci,
bacauaa of the wrurx rctruat thay had in that
country, and which iha Arabian Korcrnnirnt af'
forded them, and yel bring very un«aay at the
Ujjuriaa they had done dim, ha Went all orer
Trachonitii, and tlaw tbeir ralationa; whaieupoii
th«M robbera warn , lucre angry than bafoir«, it
baiog a law aiiiong them to bo avenged on the'
murderi'ri of their relntioiia by all poHJlile
, nieaiii, ao they coutiouid to teiir and rend *vi.ry
. '|'"'8.,"W«»'„H«roJ'» doMiinion with impunily:
then did hedincouruiabum theie robberiea lo .Sa-
turiiinus and Voluiiiniuii, and renuired that they
1 amiuld bi: puui.hed; uiion which occoilou they
•till the more confirmed lhemMlvc«.ln their rofi-
Mriei.'and bciiaine more nuiiicruui; knd made
»«"■> Kf««« <litlurban.:e». laying waile Ibe couii-
Iriea aniUillapei that belonged to fIero<l'a ling-
dom, and tillHig thoio nwn whoni thry cauchi,
till Iheie ui^iitt |iroc.edii)g« caiile to bo like n
real wut, for the robb. r« wire now become about
• thouiand. At wJjich Ueroil wm acre diaplea-
•ad, and requlrea the roblxira, at well nt the mo-
ney which he had lent Obodat, by Sytlout. whioh
waa tml) lidrnla; and lince thr tiiiiu of payment
wat now pa.t. be de.ired to have it paid'hini;
but Sivll. m, who had laid Obodat ntide, and nm.
naged all |jy himi^tf, denied that Ihfc robbew
More in Arabia, and put off the imyiiient of the
money: about which there wan alieBring befona
^atu^^l1null and Volumniui, who wer« then tha
presideliU* of .Syria, At latt. he, by theirmean.,
agreed T!)»t vvt|hm thirty dayf time Herod
tUuu d bq i.aid hit money, and that each of Iheiu
ihould dt^iver up the otlier't lubjcol* recipro<!«|.
ly. }i6w, n» to Herod, there wiis not one of the
other'a tulycctt fouiM.in hit Jkisgdoi)), cither at
doing any tmual i re , nr on i iny other accpuntibjit
niOMy oiU jwtl,
any pai
ItoMw,
/ --■• 1— », wllhoul Nyllant't parftiraing
any pari ol hia agrcrniMil, ami ha wan guaa to
M«ru<l ir«iiiaudad llie |ia|inenl
it wat proved that Uio Arabiani bad tSS robbtrt
•moiigtt them
2. When the day appointed forpo}mrntof the
• Thete Joint prealdomt of Hyria, dntiinibiua and Vo
lumniua. were not (icrliaria nf equal authorily . but Ilia |
mtsi Ilk* t prociuralot under tlio foriner; aathe ^-ir* I
a- ^- ,. !_,.,....,, 1)1 ili^
that llip rolitwra thnt w«r« In Arabia
•bould lie dali«*rrd upi and. by lh« pariuiitwin
11/ Saluminii* and Vuluinoliiii. eiarulril the judg-
inanl hhutelf upon Ihota that war* rafraclun
Ha luok an artoy ihai he hail, awl led il inio Ara<
blKi ami in Ihrre d«y«' ilme, by f.iK»d manh**,
arrimig al Iha garrltiin whirein Iha. robhart
Mere, ha maile an Mwull U|tiMi llieni, ami |i>uk
them all. and dtiliolithed lit* place, whiili wat
called Haepla, bul tllld no harm lo nuy olhara
but at the Arablana came li> ihair pttialano,
umler Nacebua ihMr captain. Ijwlta entueil •
Hatlle, wherein a f»w of Heniira «ihlier>, and
Nacebua, the captain of ihV Arabiana. and »Ikiu(
Iwealy of hit tohlian l»H, while tha rett betuok
lhr,ntalvea 1« llighl. Ku when he h*d bro«|ht
jiirt* to puuiahuieut. he placed Ibre* lb<)H««<td
bliiiiK ana III Trai honilta. and Ihereby retlraiiird
the robbera (iiat wire there. He alao wjit an
account lo the cautaina that ware about nkpitiuia,
kild demontlrated that ha had done nolfcing bul
what he uiighl to do, in puniahing the refmrtory
Artbiinn, which, ujiou an e»acl iiuiuiry, Uiay'
f^iul lo be iMAftiora than what wat |ru*.
3. HuwevePfmrtaenKirt #rre faaalrd away to
nylleut lo Home, and infornlid btin ol whal-haii
been done, ami, at it utuaf, aggravattd eyary
Ihijiij. ^ow .Sylleua had alnaily uiainiM(Ml Mm-
ailf inio the kiiowledre of CiiMr. hihI'Mm Ib^n
about Iha paliice; aiid at toon at ha BMrd of
Ihea* thing*, he f^hanged bia habit iuloblkck.and
went III. and lold Otar, that "Arabia wat af.
Aictad with war, and that all hit kingdom wa» id
greut confuaion.'upon HarwI'a layllig it watt*
wilh ki< amiy: ami he tnid, with tears in hia
eyaar, that two ihnuaand five hundred of the prin-
cipal nian among the Arabiana hail beru da-
•troyed, and that their ci))tain Nacebut, hia
familiatr frieml and kinanian, wat alain; and that
tbe rithea that were al Raepta were Carri.il , ff;
and tbat'Oliodat wat drapited, whute inliru
itale of body renden-d hint iinAt fur war; oa
which account neither he. liorthe Arabian army,
rwere pre4aa(." When Sylleutaaidao, and added
invidioualy, that " ho would Dot hiniielf hiive
come out of the country, uiilett he had Itejicved
that Otar would have provided thai Ifiey khoubl
all have peace one wiiH auulhcr, and iW, had
he been there, h« woiHd have taken care that tha
war ahouhl not have lii;en to HuriMl't kdvan-
t«gc." Oaar wat provoked when tbit wat taid;
and aakrd no more than tbit one queition, both
of Heroil't frieiidi that were there, and of hit
own friendt, who were come from Syria, " Wb«-
Ihcr Herod had .|ed an iimiy thilb«r7" And
when they were forced to confctt to . much
Oanr. without uta^iiig to hear for wh«Vnn«on
he dill It, and tiow it wat doiii;. grew very* angry,
and wrote to Herod ihurply. ^fhe luiii ol bis
epiitle wat^tljit; that " whereat o'f old be had
uaod hiin at hit friend, he thould now ute him ut
bit tiibject." Sylleua alto wrote an accouni ot
tliii lo the Arablana; who were to elevated wilh
It. tliiit tliey neither delivered up the robber*
ttiat Bad lied to thi ni. nor imid the niopi-y th^t
wat due; they retained thote pntlurex iiho
Which they had hired, and keut them without'
paying their rent, And HII thir becante th'e king '
of the Jewi wat now In a low eondilion. by
reaton Of Oaar'a onger at him, 'f hoae erf 'Im-
chonilit alao iiiadr use of tbit oppurlimily, und
rote up againtt the Idumean garrison, and fol-
lowed the tame way of robbing wilh the Aia-
b i an a . w h n I mil ni l lm p Atfl ri...l- i^-. — I ' —
bians, who hod piKnged .tlielr counlry, and were
iiiore rigid in their uiijuat procn dinga, not only
'" ? « "" '" "5*' ''/ "• """ ^y "■* "f revenge alto,
4. _Wow,Heri>d wa» forc.d to'bear aj| Ihit, that
Itkrned Norla and PAgi, and with them Or. IludioB.
MlarBliM. I ^
'^I^p*
w
MOK tvi-cnsr. X.
(Mlihiim ef hi* b«lii| «iiiltt i(nn» wltH whivh
Cawr't faviir um<I Id liM|>ir» hini, i>ir Cn'tiif
wnulil mx •iliiitl •<» iiiui-li Hi •» «aliM»Kr fruM
( kini III lutkcvn •)>>iU>||)r lor hiiili fiiil whrn ihiy
rsiua •§«)», h« Milt l|i>ni iiway wllhoiiii^i rifa.
N« h<' WM rni ifldi •ui|ii< m antJ I'linr, ■ml Mvl-
Uat'f < in'iiin*l*Hi'i» |rrl*»cl hiiii y irai«<tlii|1jr,
who «M IIU* b«ll. »r.l i,y Cmttt, Nnil wm (it«-
■Mt M Nwuwr M/> •■>ni>liiii«a miHrinr higher.
Noi* tl C*m* In paM Ihnt OInhI*i wat illgail i anil
Kn*a*i whiiM naiiir <«■• atlrrMmrila HtanK*'' >"
Ar«Ui,* look lh« novfrniiiviit, for H^I1«ii« rii-
(taatorHl liy ralumiiM!* I" K't him (iirii<4 <i«t
ar ht« nrtnripahly^ Ihlkl h< iiiiKht biinMir Ulia
I (li Willi whit'h lU'iiKH hr uat« iiiMi'h niont^ lo
Ilia ciiurlifr*, ami pnnnix'iriiiiK'li inoiiry lu Cw-
•ar, who fi»» knvrjr .Ihal ArtUf hail uol «»d« In
hliii (lr«t hi-forr h« look |h* kiiiKitoiii^ yrt did
■' Kiiratieiiil nil ir|iull<r iiiiil yrrtrnit In (.'inaar, anil
' n gulUrn rrown, (initr wn^hi of iimiif laknU.
, Mow that rpi.lla icnMil MtlWili *a liaiiAg baah
t> • wirkfil iK'r«anl, aiil liarfnt killril Obudat hy
polioni iNil llial, wtiil* hi> waa 4irr, ^^r hail go-
vrriii il him »• III' |>liti><'>l , Anil liiiil altn ilthaiiih-
«<l lhi> witii Ml Ihc Arnliiani; atiii hail l>urruwki|
* llMMMjr, Ib »nler lo uhlain llm iloiiiiiiion M hiili.
mKi y«| (lilt mil CV«ur nivn hi-Cil tutliiui aci'Ii-
: iptioiia, bui'M-iil Ilia aiiilia««i|i{un liark, wilhitl
. rjl«i»iiigiiiiy of hia i>ri'a«iilai.litttiii Ihr niral-
' time Iha alUIrt u( Jmlca ami Arnliia livi'mii)'
ilrorM imil wcirac, |iiirll)i li<i'i|iiar ii|' lh« aiiiii'i''l)k
ihay w«ro nmlcr, ami |iarlly licrainr, a« ttail lia
Ihay w*re, nubixly hail-|ioWi'r lo govvrn tliiiii, for
u(IMIwnkihi^lhriiiii) vnaa nillycli-unAriiixil in
. hii kini(iJoiii, ami to hait not iiulh.irily lujl'ii;!! lit In
rrtlrain lli« rtil tloi iii ami aa for llrriHl, C*mr
Wiia iiiHiii'iliuUli aii^ry _al bint, fur hnvioK a«rii-
rail hitiiu'lf, ami m> li« waa ('riiiiiHllcd (i> haiir all
lh«i imiiriBi lliai wi re uMi'K'il niiu. Al Irnntli,
, wh«;* lie >aw no enil of ihe litiwhief which tur.
roumlifd him, hnrrsolvail lu tt>ml anilmiiwlnr* to
Kdmc ngaini lu am wlulhi'r bitfrifiuli hail |»rii-
vailed lij niitlKalc t'urtur, nnil In aiUlriaa them-
Mlvea to CViHr binuel/: and (ha ambaaMdur he
MM Ihither waa Nieutaiii oX DaBHtom.
CHAf. X.
Mow EiirifeUi/ahely accMUd lltnd'g Sonii
Vtdhnw tSiir t'alhtr (uimtt fjkrm. ani< turolt
(oC'irnir alioiillhtm. O/HyUiui, ami kout kt
toil accuiid by ^icahiii.
11. The diionleni about ||»rod'« family nml
cbtfalrrn aliout Ibit time grew nnMh wnrar; fur
jl now ap|)eared cerluin, nor wai it unfurraicn
beforejliand. Hint fortune Ihrratencd the grcateaf
and nitxt in«U|iiHirtuble miafnrtunrk (MiairHdv 16
hia kingdom. Itt pnigrraa and augmrntiition at
Ihii lime aroaa on the urciiaioii foHuVliigl Olits
Iturycleii. a l.«cedt'iiiania|i, (a:^H'r«>ii of -not^
Ihere, but aiiiaif Afa pervrrac nlimi, uml ao Ciiii-
n)n)(iii hiiwaya it( vb|uptuou«ii»M and rtaltery,
aa to indulge ttoth, and yet aecin loUljdulgP nei-
ther of tljHii,) rHme inh(i travtU tolltroil, and
made him preaentiii, bitl "o that he reciiiv'^d'iimrt-
preacnla frum him. Ilu alio toull luCh' prowr
•eaaona for iniinuating hiin|«l( into hia TriVn^-
•tup, that he beciine one o< the moat iutimale'of
Ilia kiiiK'a frirnda. Me had hi* liidging in Anti-
lUUr'a liouac; but he hud not only acMia, but
tree i.ouveraatipn with Alt'xnndcr, at prctrndinR
tc falib that he waa tn great fnvor with Arth.-
lant, tn« king, of Cappiutocia; wlivnee he pre ■
tcmird inurh retpeiel to Cilapbyra, and; in aq
ocrull manner, culliTat«i.B frtcadthip with, them
'• all, but alwiiy* attending to What wai aaid and
done, that b>i miyht hi- liirniihi-d with calumniea
ar |« be hia partHnilat Mini, ami ha
(lira lirlii.)* that bia baisg nut i^lii re waa for
Ih^t iwraiiii^iulvuiiugr. Ho tie wnii u|>on A.«B-
aniirr, who w«a but twl>% , ami |tr<iw<l> d BIb*
that he mighi n|H n Ui grieiraiii'ra lo t.mi wtthfl
■aaurani'i', a»d itilh itoTcHlt rite.. Su ba da-
ilarni hu arwf |o him, how liia I'alhar araaaliaafH ; '
led from liim. Il« nlaled lo hiny4(1«i Iha af- '
hiw% of hi* mulber, ami of AnituiPtir, Ihul ha
had driteB Iheni frum lliair prn|jpr diicMily, aiid
b*d the pnwrr uriir «(«erir thing hloiaalri, jhni ao
part of ihia waa t«l«ra|tV. aijM-c »ii*>tltr waa
• Ireaiiy rnuie In hale ibrni i ami hv uiUli'd, Ihal
hr would milhi r ailmll ihrni In fti< 1MB, unr |«
hia ri-niintallon. ^uih were Ihr miiivRititt, al
wan but natural, uf'Aloamler, about Vir. Ihinga
lh«llri|MbU4lklmi ami ihet* diuitlir^it K.Mryilfj
rarrilid lo Aiiliiwlir, and told him, hi-jlid not ill,
fnrin him l>f inia ua bi> imn a4:it>uirfi Imit that
bring o»t f«|| w bf hi« kimliiaaa, iKelgniat iiq
imrtiinrii nrnB ififag oblig^tt him loiiTn it; ant
na wan|ie<l him lo hatre * ran- of AUttaudcr, ioi
that what iie mtld wat (pohrn with |(>*]N^a<j,
•aid, n'e
and
ioi
to iileaic them all. In •hnrt, he iieiiB*i«d hiiu'
i«)l jio to i-very bodjr in hia converaatioo, «i to
*Thla Arelaa waa now herome ao eaiaMlakil a naaie
Iter the klA|« of Arabia fal l^otrn ami Itnmaarna,] that
Bthaa HM trawn mom to tliia Eaeu li« 'dMaied |&
wrui away
fifUiid out.
(.acadeiuon,
', and to, ior
anishcd ffoni
iind I halt in i-ona^ipienra uf What, ha
wouhl i'»r|ainly iidrhiin with bia nHrta hind.
yVheraupon Auli^Htier, thinking Inu) |i> be hia
Oiend by lliia ailvicc, galre htm jiM-aclila u|ion all
oiTatioiM, and at IrngiH iwrauaiied hhi< In Inform
lli'roil nf|rhal hu badbtanl. Ho wImH hir rala>
Ird to ibnking Alt tiinder'a ill la m'lii'r, aa iliacur^
viTi'il by till' nnnia he bail bi arti lilht aptitk, ha
waa raaily bvlitfed by biiti, aiHl*he Ibercbjr
bruughl th« kinglo that )»•*, iHrnlijg ht<u ahuat
by hill wonli,ani| irrilaling hiiii, tiUne inin-Hcd
hik riiilrrd III hiiii, and made hinJ iui|>liii'il(ilf,
whioh tie ahiiweil at Ihal very liini, A>f he iin-
niMliillvIv gN«« KoryHei a prrnntf uf (ifly la-
l«nli>: who, whrn h'' h'td golirn iHiin, wint to
Arrhi'liiua, king of Ca|i)iaducia, amjl loiiiniended
Alrxaiider beforli him, and lobl him that he had
lieen niaiiy way« of aiivaulage in lijin i|i nlaking
II n roocllian»ig|fe|a|^n him and bia lathi r. Su
h'! got inunr^^SNEvini alao, and
lii'fiiri' hia iirrflHBp^arlirca wrif
but when F.uryi'1i?Vaa n-turntd IM
he did iiol Iriiir^ ull. doing miti'blf
hit iiiHny uita uf rnjuatice, ha.wat I
bia own roimtry,
i!. MuijMjt for th4' king af the JeWa, he ivainok
now in iKe templar he wiia in fonilrrly toward*
Ali'tikildrr aM Ariatubulinh when jiij boil baea
I'onnnt with lb|; li«a>iiig their rajkiuiliea whaa
pibiira lotit faiiii af llieiii.riurbe-wnajnuW riuii* to
that paaa aa' (u halo Ihi'ui 'honaeJI) and In urjfa
Hiea lu t|iciik iigiiiiat ibeAl, tbougli kliry did iiui
du it of ihrniM'Ikria, He alao oT)«i|vi'd all that
wi^t liaid, and pull i|ur|iliniia,«adgav4 ear lu evenr
Olio (hat would but ajiealc, it (hey rliiiUI but aav'
any (btbg.ngiiinHt them, till atU'iigih hr heard
llial Kuor«lii«, of C.ia, Aral '« ('uniplhilor witik
Alfxatidi'r; wjiirb thing In llei^l wm tbamoat
fgiveabia and awecteil^qieWa iniagiiiiibriRi' '-.
. 3. Rut Kill a gAvafer uiiaforluW i;4i|it«'iijpkiaL.
Ihn yottag ineii, while the caluiiiniia agahiiat tliem
werv cimtimiHlly irn'reiiaiiiJ, and. lit a iiiahiitajr
•ay, iiui' wouhr think il:waa every one'a endear
vor tl» Illy «oin« jfil(<'iroua' ttifliif I" thi^ir ch:ir|e,.'
wliirb mi|(lii ap|H;ir to be fof I'W king'* plrricr.'
vatioii. 'I hert< trety- (wu guurda of Ijenid'a l«>dy ,
whft^ w*rc ill greiit eiitiieiii for (lieir »iren|j'ili aad
lnllii(">a, Jiiiiimtua and 'ijriiiiiiuti tlii«.i: liieiV
hnd lievn Caat olT by lliruit, i\ ho waa diipbaiied
at llii'iii; tfieu' now ummI lo ridA vlung witti Alex- «
andiT, and for ihi-ir akill iif there, eten:i<ea wara
in great eat^em with him, and had aoitir cold iitd,
litlur (;ifl» bralow«-ir4|lublhi'iii. Woiy iln! king,
hariiftc un iinniril'i.iie. iH»plrinrf ol tlmfi;, jiianr^'
■;%'
■A-
'■■- \;
iifc I
had them tortured ; who rnduVad the torture r,u«^'
ragri^udy fiir. a long lime, but al Utl i^onleaacd
name to Arttat^ a» Utivercamp ttmu JiUhly olaanrti
BMAnlk|.tl.illl.eli,(r. Ntl.S. ^
f^>-<. ^
w
J
I !i
886
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS,
that AUwnder would h.fe periu«iea theiu to
':• m H««yl. wheP. h« «•" 'P. rh'"f,n fiSm hi.
Iiruti that it uiltht be wiu «• •*" '""" ""
C;.oaV.. ru*!. through With hi- »wn 'I^.r.
" thVt he hMl once .uch • iimfortune folrnierW.
V.cvalw. bowed where there wM money hid-
den ^nt^cfW. under ground end a.e« con-
victed the king', chief hunter, thel he bed gi«n
the young m*' the roy.l hunting •If"?'*"''
•'"'•illr"t'he'i.>.com,n.na.rof the B.rri.on
of Ate«»dViun.'wM "ughtend tortu^d; forN
«•• eccuted to h»ve proiniied to '«««'»?.""
Tou'ng nieu into hi. fortU, "1 .'° '"^.P'^. a u^
J,UhW money »f»h\k.ng which wyUhI^P
in that fortre... yet did he not ^knowledge w v
tbiuK of it hiiu.«if; hut hi. .on c.nie », •"«*?«''>
It wl. .0 .nd delivered up the writihg. which,
lot? W could be gue..erf;wM '» A»«"»^"»
land. IUconll!Jrt.w"etheM>! "Wheaweh.ve
Sed £.^^help,.llth.t we have jiropowd
'^^'^^iS^com. & you; but do your e«de«-
JTr.; a. you have pronii.ed, to receive u. in o
vo"; fohJew." After thi. w"'J»S«"P7''""^:
ilerod bad no doubt about the t'^'^fi""'^*,^'*;
urn. of hi. wn. again.t bioi. But Al.*»»""':
«'^d;th.t DiophantS., the Kribe. had imitated
hi. hand, ana that the paper Wa. Uialiciou.lv
dAwn up^yA»lip.t«; for iiophantfc .je-r^
to be very cunning in .uch practice.; and a. he
wMafierWard convicted of forging other pa,«r..
he WB. put to death for it. , . i. i i,..„
s" So the king produced thoM that had been
tortured before the niultilude at Jecicbo, inorder
tohavctlKiu accu.e the,young iiieu, wbicn »c-
cuier. iiiaiiy of the i.eoplc .toned todea h; and
wherthev were Co ng to kill Alexander, and
IrU?obuS.likewr.e. tL king would not per.nit
UwtmHodoM.but ie.traine<r the luuUiUde. by
S« mean, of Ptolemy and Pherora.. H6«^ever.
rannu* and Jucundu. more .triclly i but lh»t thw
had be«>i .uddenly .lain by the mean, of Ant -
n'ter. who put hi. own friend, among the multi-
'''i%";TS'C:2A. He«d c^manded
thli both Al««nd« and »?«'". r^-'-'Tthrt'Th.
to "laphyra. Archelau.'. daughter, and that .he
iboud'^b. "ked. whether Si. d«d nP», ''?»•'
wm" what of Aleiamler-. treacherou. de.ign.
:sr;!:.i^"„'di «:r:;:ooTa.-.h^^^^^^
tfher, and .he .aw Aieiander id bond., the bent
hlr h«d.a«4.in a great S?"'V:u'ng m- "w
deep and moving groan. The young "'*»"'•"
fell into tear.. Tlii.w»»|o miwrable » 'P""
cle tS tho.e pre...nt. tbat.Tor a B"" wh. *. the,
were not able to .ay or do anv thing, but at
l^n^Tth Ptolemy, who wa. ordered to bring Ale»-
^f hi.- but that yet. if her accu.ing her.c\f f»U«-
?; woild {*i.d d h.; P'i««*'v«ti.on..h. would on.
(iu it all." Aletander replied, " There i» "o
."hwickidne.. a. 'h-\WK »"f ,' i^'ve i^
of air. o ii> do) .u.pect. which either I have im
«med"o' thou kniwe.t of. but thi. only, that w.
rSdrtiwlved to retire to Anhelau.. and from
•hence to Rone." Which .he al«l. coiife..ed.
uPnUkh Herod. .uppo.ing »»"♦ Arche .«
aUill to him wa. fnlV. proved, 'ent •J*»»"
b;Oyn,pu.«nd Volumniu.; "»db«d«. he">;«*
,L„ Miiled bv. to touch attleusa of t.- ilicia. anu
live Arehelau. the lett'er. And that when they
Sad e»^ tulatcd withhim that he had « ha»^ .«
M,wuV treacherou. de.ign ega.n.t hini. they
•hould from thence .ail to Home; and that. «
ca"e they found Nicolau. had gamed any gn.und.
^nd that C».ar wa. no longer di.plea.td at bin.,
t. .hould ri« him *i. letter., and the proof,
whi £ he"h.^d i^nfly to ihow araiu.t the yop»
men A. to Arcbelau.. he maJe hi. defence for
hlm.Vlf that-he had promUed to receive the
v^ung ;.en.becau« it^a. both for their own-
ff ftiiir father-. .dvanUge .o to do le.t .oin.
toe mean. oi riuicm^r »..». •..~.— ■— ,— _, ^ ,
the voung men were put under a guard, and kept
in cu.tody. th.» nobo.ry might come at them and
M that they did or .aid wa. watched; and the
,«proach and fear they were in wa. ^M\totno-
with him for hi» «•>«"'»'"• *''^';»''i!ji"'Jhenh^d not pr<S..i.ed to .end them to C««M: and
had .uffered thing, to come to that P«"; J»«» ™°t he fad not pfomiwd any thing ei.e o tke
he Mid to her, " ArM*ot thou in «J»ng" o^^*' lounE «»"" that could .how ill-win to him^
.tructioh al«>. while^e report goe. that thou yoj"^V^ ,he« amba..ador» were ,c<.me to
had.t diKlo.ed beforehand all our affair, o by » «»
had.t «liM:lo.eu oeioreuBnu an "»■ »y— — -.^^.
leu., when thou wa.t in hope, of being "'«"'«*
to him'? ' But .he immediately carried tbo.e
word, to her brother: upon thi. he wa. out of
wtUnce. and gave command to bind him; nnd
enjoined themVth, now they were kept .e|»-
SS, on. from the oth-er._^to_ write down^the.
Rome^rey h d a 6r=unUy of ^delivering
S'«tte« to Ca!.ar.l.«auw they found him
reconc-i ed to Herod; for the circum. ance of
NicoTaur. emb».«g. had been a. foHo""^"
ioonMbe wa. come to Rome, and wa. about
rrurt h. did not fir-t .f .» -t aW wha
fer. to Write down the ill the court, ne aia nut u„. h_„. ^^^^^ ^^
^hiSgiThiyh..! done again.t their father, and ^e ^con.' Jor onl,^ buthe t^. ,_g ^^^^
ffthe writing, to h^im. So when thi. wa. W«rJV-!TlU ifith them, were^uarrellihg one
bring the writing, lo uiui. s>v. "r'-r'C" i,\rj
enjoined them, tliey wrote thi., that they had
laid no treacherou. de.ign., nor ™«ae ""y P";
Mration. again.t their fatiier. but that they-had
Eed to^lly away; and that by the «l..treu
Ihey were in. tiieir live, being now uncertain and
tedioiU to them. " ' . „j„.
6 About thi. time there came an ambaM«dor
out of Cappadocia from Arcbelau.. whole narn^
wa. Melairhe wa. one of the princilml rulert
l"eS:. So HeroA.being dj.iro«. to Aow
Archelau.'. ill-will to him. called for Alexander
„ he wa. in hi. bond.. mmI ..ked timjwn co»-
' cerning hi. flight, whither and how they hi^ re-
vived to retire 7 Alexander replied, "To A«v
chelau.,who had promwed to .end them away
to Rome; but that they hacl no ^ed nor »«►
d.ievou.de«gn._aga»..«/^;y£her:»dU|^
:S^^g .^ uS;:- . .;>?;; ; ;^ w hi . h thei r . dver .g rie .
had chWd "Pon them wa. true; and that their
dMire wa.,thit be might hare examined Ty
^::cZ^'ioC^^ -ith them. w^^uan^llibB on.
with another; and .ome of the", 'efrbj W^u. .
narty. and, joining themMlve. ,to .^M'^oWu.. m
Cued hini of att tto wicked thing, that had
beeTdoneTend produced to him eviSent demon-
,t™tion. of the .laughter of a great "uniber oT
Otoda" friend. by%lleu., for whe^^^^^^
left Sylleu., they had carried offwilh them nioie
etten Whereby they could convict bim. When
Sar^w .uch an opportunity afforded him.
he ^e Se of it. in or<fer to gain hi. own point
.ft^ard. and endeavored jmmediateW to
n«Sri liconciliation bet#e.*»e*M,r anJ He-
^. f„, hTwa. fullv »ati.6iid. that if he .hould
S^iVe to mX% defence for Herod directly, he
ttdnotb. allowed that liberty^hMt that M^ he
deaired to accuw Svlleu.. there wbuld an ojca-
:■'?
So irhen the can.* wa. ready — -/:r— i-j^.,
^e day «a» apjlbiiitcd, Nicofaui, while Aretw •
BOOK XVI.— CHAP. XI.
)Ut Ihftt thtf
■ui of Anti-
ig the niulli-
CDnim»nd«l
lid M ctrritd
and thBt ibc
d not know
rout dcfigni
ey were come
indt, the bent
■lion gtt»e »
ing man nlio
ible • ipccta-
at whil*. they
thing; but at
;o bring Alex- ■
»ifc were con-
d,"How Uil
itier than my
had children,
un which the
(icked detigna
; henclf f«"«-
■he would con-
"There i» no
ught the lc»»t
ler 1 have im-
i» only, that we
ihiut, and (roni
llab confewed.
lat Archelaut'i
, lent «- letter
J bade them, >*
I of Cilici", and
that when they
e had a hand iu
ainit him, they
f.; and that, in
ned any ground,
•pUaiud at l>iii>,
and the proof*
liutt the young
! hii defence for
to receive the
,h for their own
to do, It'tt tome
le gone upon„tn
»ere in, on occ»-
liut that itill he
I to Caiiar: anil,
thing else to tke
will to him."
t were come to
tty of delivering
they found him
circuinitance uf
id at followi; ai
, and waa about
II set about what
sought fit alio to
]ian>, even before
re -quarrellihe one
Item left SsUcuii't '
to NicolSui, in-
d thing! that had
im evident demon-
great number oT~
)r when these men
iffwith them thoie
nvict him. When
inity afforded him,
rain hit own point
. immediately to
BiftiCtttar and He-
I, that if he ihould
Herod ^irectly, he
lertyv^Mt that if ha
sre wbuld an ocCa-
: oh Herod't behalf.
f fur a h e a r ing, and
aui, while Aretwi'i
330
ambatiadort were preienl, ace'iird Sylleu>, and , tlain to hnvp liern two tbQuiand fivr hundred"
taid, thiit " ha imputed to liini tlie ilttlrucliiiii uf 9. Thia proVoked Cnar more than ever. »n
the king [ObcxJut,] and of ninny oliiert of the he turned lo Sillriit full of rnge. Mud nukrd hini "i
AruhiiuiK; that he iind borrowi'il money fur no i how many uf i\ii: Ariibinut wore slain'.' Ilereup--'^,
good diHign; and he proved thut he had been i on Tie lirHitnli'il, iiiiil anld he had been iin(io>nl
uitly uf udiillery. not only with the Arabian, I upon. The r<ivi nanlii nUo were read about llfa
_ut Uoiuun women nlto." And hi: added, that I munev he had Ixirrutvetl, and (he litli'm of the
"above all the rest, li«-liuil nliinalcd Cn^ur from ' preiiuenlt of Syrini and the rutiiphiinti of' the
&
Herod; ami thut all that he hnd mill about the
•ctiona of IJerod were fulsitii*." When jS'icolaiit
wat come (a thii topic, (^H-jiar itopped hiiu froiii
going on, anil ilenireil him only to iprak to thit
affair of llerod't; and to iihuw that "he had not
led an army into Arabia, nor xlain two thoutanil
five humlred miin there, iior taken iirisonrrt, nor
lillagcd the country." Tuwhich Niculaun'mailc
this MUBWcr: "I innll priiiciiially deiiiunatrate,
that either nolhin); iit all, or out a very liltle, of
Ihote iiiiputatiuns art; true, of which thou hatt
been iiifuriiii'il, for Imil they bci'ii true, thou
niighteit justly have been still more angry at
Herod." At this strange assertion Cwsar was
very attentive; and Micolaus shiiI. that thcrn
vras a debt due toHcrod of five hundred talents,
and a bo:iil. wliirein it wat written, that if tlic
lime appuiiituit be elapsed, it shiiiild be lawful to
make u teiiurt; out of any part of his Country.
At for the pretended army, he said, it was no
army, but a purly tfnt out to require the just
fiaynient of the money ; (hut thit wat not. tent
nimedtirtely, nor so toon as the bond allatved,
but that Syllrus had frripiciitly ronie befoi-e Sa-
luminus and Volumniut»^ the presiileiitt of Syria;
and that nt Inst he hail mvorn at llerytus, by (hy
fortune,'* that he would rtrtaiiily pay the iiiouey
within thirty iliiys, and drlivir up the fugitives
that were undvf bit dominioii. And that when
Syllcus had p.rrforiiicd nothing uf this, ilertid
came again before tbopri'siilciitj; and upon their
|)cVmis9iun to make a sriiure fur his nmney, he,
with (liiricull^. Went out of his country witli n
parly of Bi>ldii-rt for that purpose. And this is
all the war whicl^ these iiieii xi tragically de-
tcribe; and thit is the nll'uir of the expedition
into Arabia. And huw run tlils be railed a war?
when thy presidents permittvil it; the coirnanfi^
allowed it; and it was not extcuti'd.lill thy name,™
O Cx'Siir, as well as that uf the otliir ^oils, bad
been profaned. And now I must spi.ik in order
about the raptivei. There wire rnhbrrt that
dwelt iuTraclionitit: nt first thiir nunibcr was
no more than forty, but they lucaiiie more nftir-
ward, and.thev escaped >the puninhnieiit Herod
would have inliicted on them, by iiiakiiif); Arabia
Jtbeiki refuge, i^yllcus rt'Cuivcd' them, and sup-
ported them with foo<l, that they iiiight be luis-
chievous to all nianbiiiil, and );ave theui n>coun-
try to iidiubit, nhd hiinsilf rere'^ved the gains
they ninik! by, robbery; yet.did he promise that
he would. deliver up these men, and thut-l|y the
tame witht and tame time that he swore and
fixed for payment of hit debt; nor can he by any
means ihuw thatany other persons have at this
time been taken out of Arabia, besides these, and
indeed not all these neither, but on^v to many as
oould not cqnceal themselvet. And thus doet the
calumny of the cajitives, which hath been to
odiously represented, nppearto be ho better than
a fiction and a lie, made on purpose to provoke
thy indignation; for i venturb, to nflirm, that
when the forMt of the. Arabiant came upon us,
and one or two of Herod't party fill, he then
on)y defended himtelf, and there fell Nacebus,
their general, and in all, about twenty-five others.
several ritirs, kd iiiniiy lit had been iiijufed by
(he rublien. The rjfii'lution was ifiis, that
Sylteut wat cotHlemnW .to die, and that <.'intar
wat reconciled to HonMl, and oWnrd hi4 rfpcn-
tance for what severe things he had written to
him, occasioned iiy calumny, insoniurh timt ha m
told Sylleus, that he had coni|Hlled hiiii, by hit /
lying account of things, (o l>e guijty of inKrati-^
tude against a Inan that was his friend, At the ,
last, all came ti> thit; Sylleut wat tent away U>
answer Herod't tuii, and lo repay the del)t that
he 6wed, and after that to be punished [wjlh
death:] hut still Caesar wat ofleiHled with Are-
tat, that he had taken upon hinuelf. the govern-
ment, without hit Cboseot first ohtaio^^, for he
had detern|i<frd to- bestow Arabia upop Herod,
but that (he letters he had tent hindered him
frmn to iloiifg, for Olynipi^sand Volumniut, |icr-
ceiviiig flint Caitar was now become 'favurabic
to Herod, thought fit immediately (u deliver hini
the lettert.they wera'Commandeil by Herod to
give him coiicerniiig hih tons. When Ca'sar hnd
reati them,*lie thought it"wnuld not be proper (o
add an(ttl>er govcrrimenV to him, now he wat old.
and in an il|^ttale,with rcMtion to hit tons, to he
adiiiiitcil Aretat'attti^bastadors; and after he had
Just reproved him for hit raahness in not tarry-
ing till he had 4^ceived''the kingdom from him.
he accepted the preaentt, and confirmed him in
his governmeot. - »\ *,
CHAP. xr.
ffoto flereJ, by PirmUtionfrom Casar, afcH$t<l
h ii Niins befar(Mn Auemhlv iifJudtr'* al liery.-
Ins ; aHd what Ttfhtuffertifor u*{»g a hmuul-
le$s and mililirif I,ibefly itf SpticHf 4Joncem-
.^ ingalao the Dtath .oftht yoiagMent and thtir
Jinrial at JtUxandritttn.
}1. So Ca>sar was now reconciled to Herod,
and wrote thus to him, that "he wat grieved for
him on account of hit tons: and that in casctbejr
had been guilty of any profane and insolclit
crimes against him, it would behove him to pu-
nish (hem as parririiles, for which he gave hiiu
power accordingly; but if they had on^ contri-
ved to Hy nway, lie would have him give them
an admonition, and not proceed to extremi^-
with tlicin. He also advised him to get an at-
seinbly together, and to appoint tome place near
UerytuSif which it a city belonging to the Ro-
niant, and to tak? the preiidenta of Syria, and
Archelaut king of Ca'ppadocia, and at man^
iii(>re at he thuught'(6 be illustrious, for (heir
friendihipto him, and the dignities they were in,
and determine what ihould be done' by their
approbation." These were the directiont that
Cietar gave him. Accordingly Herod, when the
Icttm was brought to faiin, wat immediately very
glad,of Caesar's reconciliation to him, and ve^
f;lad also, that he had a rom|ilcte authority given
lini over his sons. And it strangely came about,
that whereat before, in hii' adveraily, though he
had indiied thntved himself tevere, yet had he
not been very rath, nor hatty in procuring the
destruction of his sons, he now, in nin pro^-rily,
took advantaee of this cliaiige for thebi'tler.and
aiid no more; whence Sylleus. bv ' niiilliplying I the freedom lie now had,' to exercise hit hatred
every tingle toldier to a nundrcd, lie rcckont the .... ■ • .
• This oath, Ajt/»«/or(Miteo/CiMar, wat put t»Po-
lyrarp, hltho|i nf Smyrna, hy the Roniiiii ^ov^nor, to
trf whether he were a Chritlian, at they were then et
fe ot this cli^iige
e now had, to i
against them, after an unheard of manner; ha
confirmed hy gpanlieim't liote here. " fl was (aayi he)
a roiony placid there hy AuKuttui." Wlienre I/lpian,
Dc cent. I>el. I.. T. iv. The rtloni) ef Btrytui wim rin-
T
t ee mc j i who r a fa a ed lo i wear that oath. Ma r ty r . Po l y c . ' s <»reil /u s iiias tf Ikt Hnept vf Cmnar. And th cnre U»
■crt. 9. I la, that amonK the colna of An^uttUB, we lAeet witU
t What Joaephut relatca.Aiiituttut to have here tald, ! aoino havinn thit inicriiition: Tkt A*n>* t»h»k»fJI»
that Berytut vrai a cily liclonglRg to the Romana, la I gustut at Btrftui, - i . \^
■ .' 2-E ■ ■■■■ ■ ■
■,r
r- ^
I
■i ■
1
\
940
ANTIQMTIES OF THE JEWS,
[■ "* ■ .
thiirafora lent Hid mllr^ ai many mt he thoui^ht j' plana, aii(| ihaf Ihmi ourhteit to krep them In
ittptliit assdiilily, i-xcepling Archtlau*,. Cor a« jirixin; and i|' lliuU Ihinlieit any thin^ lurlher
fur him, he cithrr hiitril him, lo Htat he would
not invite him, of he thought ho would l>e an
obstacle to hi* dinign*,
2. Whin the p^l'nidentt tqd the rftt that be-
loAfted to the citiea, vitre irame to'lie^ytua, ht
kei)t hit !ii>ii4 in a rt'ftain \illaf(e lN'luii|;in)r io
Sition, culli'il I'lulana, but near to thi« city, thai
if they uirFrallt'd he nii^ht produce thiini, fo
.luMi'i not tliink fit to bring them before the a^
•enibly: and when there were one hundred ani
4fty BiDeMqm pn^tent, Herod came by hitn«<^f
•lone, atid aecuaed his sonip, and that in auch •
way as it' it were not a ntelnncholy accutation, and-
Npt made liut out of nccesaity, and U|>on the mis-
ibrtnnet he was under: indeed, in such a way, ns
wat f ery indecent for a father to accuse his ions,
for he w^ very vehement ami disordered, when
he <:ailii«l''Ya the denionslration of the crime they
were accused of, and gave the greatest ti^ns of
patiion and barbarity ; nor would be luAer the
Mieason to consider of the weight of the evi-
dence, bi)| asserted them tb be true by his own
authority, after a manner most indecent in a
father against hia soni), and rend himself what
thay themselves had written, wherein there waa
■10 confession of any plots or contrivances against
him, but only how they had contrived to tiee
•way, and containing WKbal certain reproaches
•gainst him, q,n acconnt of the ill-will he bare
tnem; arid when he came to those reproaches,
he cried out most of all, 'and exaggcrnted what
they said, as if they had confessed the design
■gkinst him, and tooK^t oath thAt he had rather
lose his life than hea^ such reproachfulword^.
At last he taid.th^ "he had autRcient authority
both by miture, anahy Cu-sar's grant to him, ftu
do what he thought fit.] He also added an alle-
gation of a law of their coiytr}', which enjoined
inis; that jf parents laid tReir hands on thelhead
of him that waa accuseil, the standrrs by were
obliged to cast atones sit him, and thereby' to sla^
him, which though he wai( readv to do in lus
own country and kin<!:dom, yet cfid he wait (yr
their deteniiination: that yet they cnnie thithir
not so much ^s judges, to condemn theni for such
manifeat di^signa against him, whereby he li»d
almost petiahed by his sons' nieani. but as ncr-
aona who l^jj an opportunity of ahowing tneir
deteatatioi^lf ti^h pmctic«9, and declaring how
unwd^thy • thiiig it must be in any, even the
most remote, to pass over such treacherous de-
signs [without punishment."]
3. When the king had said this, and the young
men had not been produced to make ainy defence
for themselves, the assessors perceived there
was no room for equity nn(f reconciliation, so
they confirmed his. authority. And in the/first
place, Saturninus, a person thnt bad been consul,
•nd one of great dignity, pronounced his sen-
tence, but with great moderation and trouble,,
•nd laid, "That he condeniiicil Herod's sons,
but did not think they should be put to death.
He had sons of hia own, and to put one's son to
death, is a greater misfortune than any other that
could befall' him by their means." After him
Saturninus's sons, for he had three sons that fol-
lowed him, and were his legates, pronounced the
tame sentence 'with their lather: on the contra-
ry, Volumnius's sentence was to inflict death on
Wch as had been so impioualy undntiful to their
..lather; and the greatest part of the rest said the
iune, insomuch, that t|ie conclnsioii seemed to be,
that the young men were condemned to die.
Immediately after this, Herod came away from
thence, andf took his sons to Tyre, where Nico-
Uns met him in hia voyage from Rome; of whom
n« inquired, after he had related to him what
necessary, tliou mayest indeed so nnnt^h them,
that thou niayesi not appear to imIulKc thy anger
mine than to govern thysrit' by jwlgiiii'nt ; but
if thou inclinest to the milder side, thou niayeat'
absolve them, lest perhaps thy misfortunes ha
rendered inr^urable: and this is the opinion of
the grentrst part of thy friends at Koine also."
^Whereupon Herod was ailent, and in great
houghtfolness, and badcNicolaussail'nIong witii
him.
4. Now as'they came to Cxsarca, every body
was there talking of Herod's sons, and the king-
dom was in siisiiense, and the people in great
expectation of what would become uf them, fo»'
•.'.terrible fear |eiie<l Upon all men, lest the an-
cient disorders of the family should come to a
sad conclusion, and t)iey were in great trouble
about their sulferings: nor was it witliout dan-
gler to suy any rash tiling about this niittter, n»r
even to hear another saying it; but men's pitr
-waa forced to be shot up in themselves, whicti
remlered the excess of their sorrow Vf rv irk-
some, but very silent; yet was there an olil sol-
dier of Herod, whose name was Tero, who ha(f
n son of the same age with Alexamli'r, and hi<<
friend, who was so very free^ as openly to speak
out what others aikully thought about that mat- ,
ter: and was forced to cry out often among thie
multitude, aiid said, in the most ungiiafiled man-
^ ner, "That truth was perished, anujustice taken
away froij^jwM^ivhllc lies and ill-will prevailed,
^nd brou|n^nu|^ nii-it before pubhc nlTairs.that
ihe oHFiideiit^fe nntnble to. see- the g;reatest
mischief tlMUTan befall nieii." And a.s he wa»'
so bold, he scriii^d not to have kept himself ou*.
of danger, by spoaking so freely; but the reason-
ableness of what he said moved men to rega^!
him, as having behaveij himself with great man-
hood, and thi.H at a proper time also, for whic!\
reason every one heard what he said with pha-
sure; niid although they first took care of thrii
own salilv, by keeping silent themselves, yet did
they kintUy receive tlic great freedom he took,
for the rxpcvjtiiion they -were in of ^o great an
(A|iction,>put irforce upon them to^akof Tcio
whiiNj^veV they pleased.
5. 'rVis man had tlirust himself into the king's
pre.ience with the greatest freedom, and desired
to itjieak with him by himself aloiie, whir.b tli*.
kinj; permitted him to do, where he said tliis:
" Since I am not able, O king, to bear up under
so great a concern as I am under, I have pre-
ferred the iMe of this bold liberty that I now take,
which may be for thy advantage, if thou mind to
get any proljt by it, before my own sofetv. Whi-
ther is thy understanding gone, and leti thy .soul
empty'? Whither is that extraordinarji sogacity .
of thine gone, whereby thou hast parformeU s'o^
miiny ana such glorions actions? Wnence comes
_)his solitude, and desertion of thy friends and re-
lation.*? Of which I cannot but determine, that
they are neither thy friends nor relations, while
they overlook so hoirld wickedness in thy once
happy kingdom. Dost not thou perceive what is
doing? Witt thou slay these two young men,
born of thy queen, who are accomplished with
every virtue in the highest degree, and leave
thyself destitute in thy old ago, but exposeo \o
one son, who hath very ill managed the hopes
thou hast given him; and to rmtions, whose
death thou hast so oflen resolved on thyself?
Dost not thou take notice, that the very silence
of the multitude at once sees the crime and ah-
bora the fact? The whole army and the officers
have commiseration on the poor urihappy^youtht,
and hatred to those that are the actors in this
matter." These wprds the king -hear j. and for.
i-
i
/i
had passed at Berjtus, what his sentiments were some time with good temper. But wliist can oqe
•bout his sons, and uhat his friends at Rome Isny? When Tero plainly touched upon the bad
thought of that matter? His answer was, " That PrbOinvior and pcrfidi6usn< ss ,of his domestics
what they had determined to do to thee was im- l^e was moved at it; but Terr went on farther
BOOK XVl—rCHAP. XI.
841
3 krep them In
ly thin^ lurlher
ID niint^h them.
nIuIk"! thy aiicer
jiHl|riii€nt; but
lie, llinu niayeat'
misfurtunci he
th« opinion of
at Koiiie niao."
, Mil in f^rcat
a lail'nlonjr tvitii
rea, every liodjf
I, ami the king-
people in grent
me u( theni, fo»'
leii, lett the an-
loulil come to a
in great Iroablr-
it wifliout dnii-
thin iiiflttcr, n»r
but nieD'a pitr
emselTca, whicn
orrow Vfry irk-
there an p(il >ol-
Teri), who Imif
ixnmli'r, and i\\f
openly to sprnk
about that mat- ,
ilten nniong the
ungiinnled man-
inifjuiitice taken
II-will prevailed,
ubiic nlTain.that
■ce- the greatest
And a:i be was'
kept bbuaelf out
; but the reason-
I men to regnn!
with great nian-
e also, for which
: said with pba-
ok care of theii
^nuclvcs, yet did
cednni be took .
n of fO great an
tof^ieakof Teri)
If into the king's
om, and dcsirril
lone, wbir.b tin
re he said tliis:
;o bear up under
der, I have pre-
rthnt I now take,
'., if thou mind to
pn sufetv. Whi-
and let! thy soul
rdinar^ gagarity .
ast performed lo '
r Whence comej
ly fricuda and re-
. determine, that
relation!, while
Iness in thy once
I perceive whati*
two young men,
xomplished with
egree, and leave
9, but exposea \o
naged the hopea
r^httioni, whose
lived on thyself}
the very silence
he crime and ab-
r and the officer*
' urihappy^youtht,
the actors in this
\g -hear j. and for .
Bat wtit can oge
led upon the bad
f his domestics
went on iarther
and by degrees used an unbounded military free-
dom of speech, aor was he so well ilisciplincd rfi
to accommodate himself lo the tiiiic: so lierod
was greatly disturbed, and sceniing to be rather
reproached by this speech, than lu be hearing
what was for his advantage, while he learned
hereby, that both the soldiers abhorredthe thing
he was about, akd the officers ha<l imligiialion at
it, he gave orders that all whom Tiro hiul nainrcl,
and Tcro himself, should be bound auJ k<'|it in
prison. 1
6. When this was over, oiie Trypho, who was
the king's barber, took the ojiportiinity, and
raiiie and told the king, that Tero would often
have persnarl^d him, that when lie trimmed him
with, a rtftoi', io rut his throat, for that by this
means he should be anioDg the chief of Alexan-
der's friendsjMul receive great rcwarils from
him. When^4f>had said this, the king gave
ord?r that 'rero and his son, niul the burlier,
; s|iould be tortured, which was done acconllnifly,
Jjifwhile Tero bore up hiiiuflf, his son seeing
■^his father »ir«q<ly hi a sad cote, and had no hop
of delivc;4nce, and iierceiving what would be
the coufi'quenre of his terrible suAeriiigs, said,
that "if the king would free hlui and his father
from these torments, for what he should say, he
woiitd tell the truth." And when the king had
given his word to do so, he said that " tijirre was
ah agreenieut made, that Tero should lay violent
'/ hands on the king, because it was easy for him
to come when he was alone; and that if, when
he had done the thing, he should suffer death for
it. Is/was not unlikely, it would be an act of
• generosity done in favor of Alexander." .This
wns what Tero's son said, and thereby freed his
father from the distress he was in: but unccrtirin
it was whether he had been thus forced to speak
what was true, or whether it was a contrivance
of his in order to procure his own and his father's
deliverance from their miseries.
7. Aa for Hero'l, if he had before any doubt
•bout the alaugi.: of his sons, there was now
iiio longer inv rou... Ii.ft in his'soul for it: hut he
had baiiisfled away whatsoever might allinil him
, the least suggcstibn of reasoning better about
this matter, so he already made haste to bring
his purpose to a conclusion. Ho also brought
out three hundred of the officers that were under
an accusation, as also Tero and his son, and the
Iwrber th4t accused them, before an asaemblr,
and brought an accuwition against tlient>al1;
whom the multitu^pstoneif with whatsoever
came to hand, and tiffreby iilew tliein. Alexander
also, and Ariatobulus, were brought to Sebusle by
their father's command, and there strangled; but
their dead bodies were iu tha^Jng^V'""' <="''•
ried to Alexandrium, where their^inclcl^ their
mother's side, and the greatest part of their an-
cestors, had been deposited.
8. _*And now perhaps it may not seem unrea-
sonable to some, that such an -irtviterate i^atred
,, might increase so much [on both sides,]^s lo
proceed farther, and overcome nature: but it
mav justly desci'vc consideration, whetlicr it be '
to be laid to the charge of the younj^ men, that
they gave such an occasion to their father's an-
ger, and led him to'do what he did, and by .go-
ing on long in the sanie way. put things past re-
medy, and brought him to use them so.uiuiicrci-
fully; or whether it bj to be laid to th.e father's
charge, that lie was lo hard hearted, and so vafT
tender iii the desire ot govrrnmeni, ami of otbcr
things that would lend (u his glorv, that he wonU
take no one into a pardieraliip witli him, that W
whatsoever he woulil have done hitiis«li iniKbt
coatinus immoveahle; or indet-d, whether for-
tune have not greater power than all priideBl
reasonings: whence we are persuaded Inal h|i-
mao actions are thereby tlelcriiiincd beforehand
by an inevitalile neceamty, and wr rail her Kale,
because there is nothing which is not done by
hetf wherefore I su))|iose it jvil| lie sufficient to
compare this notion with ;mat other, which at-
tributes somewh:it to ourselves, and renders men
not unaccountable for the dilferent conducts of
their lives,.^||gtfEnotioii is no other iliaii the
philosophicflPreterniination of our ancient law.
Accordiiiglv, of the two other causes Of this sad
event, any Dolly may lay the blame iin the young
men, who artod by yoirtbfol vanilv, and pride ol
their royal birth, that they should bear to hear
the calumnies that were raised against their fa-
ther, while certainly they were not equitable
judges of the actions of hi* life, but ill-natured
III suspecting, and intein^ieratc in speaking of it,
ai\!l on both accounts easily caught by those that
observed them, and revealed them lo gainfavor;
yet cannot their father be thought uiirthy of ex-
cuse, as to that horrid impii-ty which he was
guilty of about them, while he ventured, without
any certain evidence of their treacherous de-
signs against him, and without nnv proofs that
they had made preparation for surli atteiiipt, to
kill his own sons, who were of very comely bo~
die*, and the great darlings of otner men, and
noway deficient in theirconduct. Whether it were
in hunting, or in warlike' exercises, ur in sneak-
ing upon occasional topics of discourse: tor in
air these they were skilful, and especially Alex-
ander, who was the eldest; for certainly it hail
, ,been sufficient, even though he had coirdemm d
thein, to have kept them olive in bonds, or to li I
them live 'at a distance from his doinioiou« in
banishment, while ht^was surrounded by the Ro-
man forces, which ifere a strong security to him,
whose help wqiuld prevent his suffering anything
by a sudden onset, or by open foir;e; but lor him
to kill them on ^e sudden, in order to gratify a
passion that goArneil him, was a demonstration
of insuflerable impiety: h^ also was guilty of m>
great a crime in his oMer age; nor will the de-
lays that he made, and the length of tiiiic in
which the thing was done, plead at all for his ex-
cuse; for when a man is on a sudden amated,
and in commotion of mind, and then romniit* a'
wicked action, although this 6e a heavy crime,
yet_i8 it a thing that frequently happens; but to
do it upon delilieration, and aft^'r frequent at-
ti;nipts. and as frequent puttingsoli', to undertake
it at last, and arcomplisli it, i^s the action of a
murderous mind, and such as was not easily mo-
ved front that which is evil: And this temper he
showed in what he did aftenvnnl, when he did
not snare those that seemed to be the best be-
loyed pf his friends that were left, wherein,
though the justice 'of the punishnient ' Caused
those that perished to be the jess pitied, yet wa*
the barbarity of the niaji_her<! eijiial', in that he
did not abstain from their slailgliter also; but of
these persons we shall have occasion to discourse'
iliore Iiei*after.
' •The reader i* hereto note, that thiseinhth iection is trtly oliserves ; nor is there ani^ other rcnpon for it, I
entirely wasting In the old Latin version, aa Spanlieim i suppiwe, than the great (flMcnlfy of an exnc t translalion
^s^\
fl
349
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JCW8.
I *'
f
'•I
4 '■
JJOOK XVII.
.^
CONTAMINO THE INTEKVAL OP.roURTEEN VKAKS.— FROM TUB OEATM OP ALEXANDE*
(^ . AND AKieO'OBULUBTOTHEBANIrtllMENTOK ARCHELAUft
' •; CHAP. !• ' ' I pied to her ilBii«hter, and thii by hit own coil-
.. ■ .•■ .. . , , \, ., ., ,. r ^r •''»'"'*'"'''(l inaiinittiiK'nl, whil<! »lic hail , before
MoK\antiraltr vatMidby allihimfton [rf ^^^„ ,uf„M t„ Alfvitobulai. iMi<l wliil. Srioiiu'^
HuJeuiyfortht SUngkier </*»f /'™*J'«;:. otii.r dauRhter by Ihat liuaban.t wm iiiirriid lo
' the ion ot Call(.a<<; yet that iimrria(;« \v«» iii»
andhov, for Ihat Reaioni he ffotinitt ptenliar
favor mth hUfritndi at Homt. tn/ giting
Mm many Priirpli; a$ fte rfjrf" alio leiili Sa-
turniniii, the Prtiidtnl nf 'Syria, and the (lo-
vernori leho were under him; aad concerning
Herod'i tVivei and Children. »
thi' ion M f.all(.ai<; vet that mar
obstacle to Vr^ wlio knclk' how wi*
ill Iter diicovrring IHI ili'tiKnt, «
ii.'k<il he «vaf.
ring Mi il«ti|{nt, «» her fownef
kiiiilrcd^ti* l>>i» could liot prevent hrr hatred of .
biiii. Iww Herwl had conip<'lle(t Suloiiie. wrhHtf
»Ui' tvni in lovi; ^ith-Sylleuii the Arabian, and
} 1. When Antipater had tbuo tiilien tiff hi* had taken a fundnesa, fur him, to marry Alctn*;' .
britbren, ami had brought hia father into thr lyhirh iiialch wai by her aubuiitted .ta^ the in-
hij;h«tt degree of impiety, till he,wa» haunted -miincc of Jiiilia, ivliu i>e.r«uj)iW--i*aWHie hot tii
with furiea for Wh^ hit had done, hit hoiiea did ; refute it, leit' the ahoiild/ttcraiiif be their bpin '.
^ not aucce«d to fail mind, *atb the reat of Ilia lifei; I enemy, aiiici? Ilenid hnif ivvpni that lie wouhl
for although be waa delivfrcd from the fear of . never be frienda with Salome, if ahc woujd iibt
bit brethren bcinj^ hia rivah aa to tbejcovern- | accept Ali-xiis for ber^uabniid; ao ahe aubiiiitled
ment, ytt (li<l he-.tind it a very hard thing, and | to Julin aa being Cicaar'ti wife, lind bcaidea that,,
alinoat iiiipracticablei to come at- the fcin^lom. ! th«- adviaed her to nothing but what waa viry
becaiiac the hatred of th? nation ngninat hiiii on much for herowjp advantage. At thi« tiiiie/»|»o, /
that account waa become very great : aiu}, bcsidea , it tvaa that Merod aeTlt liiick kiii^ Arch'elaui'it
thia very diaagreeable circumatance'i the affair | dnughtrr, who had iM'in Ahxamler'a wife, to hiT''
of the ai>l(liery grieved h^i atill fiipre, who were { falhir, returning tlie jiortioil be hnil with her out
alienated from min.^Mm which yet thcae kinga of hia own eshitiv (liiit there might be no^apuHP
derived all the aafct^ which they had, whenever I between thetu about it. ,
» they,found^the niition- deaVroUa of innovation: I i. Now Herod brought uphia aona' cliildreri
and ail thia'danger waa drawn upon him by bit -with great care; for Alexander had twolona by
• dtatructinn of hia brethren. However, be ^o- (ilapuyra; and Ari'tobubia had thrive auna by
_ .^..^M.l 4l*«tHa*A4Bj^*« arkanil** Bart* I* t«Bd tni llAkaa Ixj^at^A* l^«, bAt^ iftdk Wltfl#^v^kA'i
vcrned tlic<nation jointly with hia father^ being
indeed no otl|«r toan a king alrcaibi": and he
waa for that vijn^ reaaon truitcd, and the nior^
Crnily depended on, for whicirhc oii^ht himself
to jiave been put to death, ^aa appearing to have
betrayed hia.bre^ireii out, ofhia coiicarn for the
pNaerVatiuii of IfleriMl, and* not ratbef out of hia
lil-witl to tli^«iii,.vnd before them, to l>it father
hiintrIT; and Jni^'wna the accuracd atate ho, waa
tp. Now, air'AnfVpatcr'tContrivancCa tended to
^akii his way to take off Herod, that he might
?^ave nobody^tO accuae him in the vile' practices
la|e waa devising^ and th6t Hirod might have no
^^^ge, nor aiiy to aft'or^ him their aMiatanc'c^
fince they muH thereby nnve Antipater fur their
open enemy ; inaomuch that (he very plota he
^ad laid agaiiiat hia brethren were oceaaioncd by
■ J
Uemicc, Salomc'i daughter, and t>vo flaughtera;. .
and, as hia friemla.wrre once with him, lie pf?'
lentcd the children before themttind.<le]iloiing
the hard fortune of hia own aona, he prayed thiit
n»«uch ill-fortunC would bt'fall these wljo were ,,
their chihlnn, but that, they might improve in"
virtue, and obtain what they juatly deserved, and^
niiglit make' hini aniemi* fur hi% care Of their
education. He alto caused thrnr to be betrotlHtt
against they should come to the proper age of.
marriage: the elder o^ AI<;Xander'« aona to I'he-
roroa's daughter, and Antipater's daughter la. ^
Aristobulua'a eldest irtn. He ,%l8Q allotted one -^
of Aristobuliia's daipghtcrs to Antipatar's aon, '
and Ariatobubis's other slaughter to Herod, a son :'■■
of lua dwn, who was boVo to him' by the biph/
pri«»t'» daughter; for it la the ancient proctite;
Hiiioiig us to have many (vivej at the samq'tim?. '
TVT^'.^L. 1.1 :._^i.. *C-_- . I^A.-.L^ ..t.:* •
"the hatred he l)6re hia father. But at this t>utc . ^ , ,_.^ ., , ,,
h^ waa niorp than ever set upon the execution of i N0w', the king Hindu tne?e espouaala for the chit-
his atteninta againft IIerod,.l)er,auBe,<fif he were drrn, out of Commiseration of them now they
oMcc de'ail.tht government would now be firinly j were fatherl*«s, "as endeavoring' to render Att
.secured to hiiii; but, if he were suffered to live " ' ^ <•-■•' ^«---- i -. .i ■:...- ..: — ...
ajiy Jonger, he" should be in danger, upon a dis-
covery of that wickedness of jwhirh he had be(i|>
the contriver, and his fatheiliiyould of ncccssitv
tlien ' become bis enemy, and oh that account it
(^aa that he became very bountiful to his father's
friends, and testowed gi^eat,>.sunis on several
of them, in order to surprise n.ien «'ith his good
deeds, and take off' their tored against hifti.
And he aent great presents tb his friends at Roinii
particularly, to gain their f^ood-wilii .'iilid abov«
all to Suturninus, the president of Syria. 'He
also hoped to gain "the faynr of Saturninus'a
brotbej'/ivith the large pr^it'ents he bestow ed on
hini; 'as also, be U:«ed- the same arf to [Salome]
the king'a sister, wjlo had dmrried one of He-
rod's chief friends. ''And, when ho counterfeited
friendship to those with whoiii he conversed, he
was very subtle in gaining their%elief, and very
cunning to hide bis hatred' aga'inst any tHiit be
renlly dill hate. But he COMld not impose upon
tjiKiter kind to them b^v these ' intenuarriage!'.
But .^nlipatc'r Vlid not fiiit to bcor the saine tem-
per of lUliid to his bifotlicra' ctuldren Which he
bad boriie to his brothers iheinsFlv^t; and his.
fiith«r'8 concern about thein provbkeiPliis indig-
nation against tJ^ein, upon tins supposal-, tliat thry
:
■ ■
.■■ \
i- '..
would beronie greater tl^an ever hia brothcTS had
been; wliilc Archelaus, a kinj*. Would sup|*i't
his dilughter'ds sons. Mid I'heroras, a tetrferch.
would accept of one of the daughters ap a wife -
to his son. What provoked him ulso was. tbt«,
that all thi niultitifilo would so comuMsemtv these
fatherless children, and Sfi hate bini, [for niakin|^
Iheni, fatherless] that |fll would cgitie out,'since
they were no sfrai)|;ers to hia vile disposition
towards his. brethren. "He contrived, therefore,
to overturn hi& father's seltlementt, as thiiiking
it a tcri;ible thing that they should be so related
to him;' and be so powerful withal. Pp Herod
yielded to himi a'nd changed his resOlutionAt his
entreaty; and the deteriiliiiation no<v was, that.
»/:■ - ■■[
: ^
r^
hia aunt, i\'bo understood him of a longiimci and
waa awoiu^nnot lasil) to be deluded; eaptcially
. while she lia(l ainady used nil puasible wiution
in preventing hia ptrnicious designs. Although
Antipater's 'Dcle t^ the iiiothcr'a side wat niai-
Antipater himself should marry Aristobulus's
vlaughter, and ^ntip<ter''l son shoijld marry Phe-
joras's daiighti r So tlie *Kpoiisals for the mar
fiages were < banged after this manner, even
Without the king's real approbatiob.
)\ '■'■■■ .■•■;
P 'ALEXANDER
ly hit own con-
■hf! hail , before
I whilc'SOToiiu>
will iiiarriril to
larriuf;)! \va« nu
wickiril he «vat.
«% lirr roriner
It hrr htttfeO df
A .Salonie, while
ic Arabian, uiul
i> mnrry Alcln*.
iril .t<y)t thi> 111
f he thtir 6pi n
r that lie wuiihl
r ihc woujil iibt
to (he Dubiiiitltil
mil besides that,
; what WB» very
>t thin tiiiie/alMi,
iii^ Archt'Iau«'k
Icr « wifo, to htf
linil with her out
;ht be no^ipuM
• >oii>' dii|(lrtn
liBil twotnui b}
I three ion* by
[ two (iauehten,
ith him, lie pH'
uilind^lriilonn?
I, he prayed thnt
1 these wTjo were ,,
iil^ht improve uV
tly deserved, and,^
hi% care Of their
irtobobetrotlHit
le proper age of.
er'a »on« to I'he-
^r's daugliter to
)Iao allotted one
Antipatsr'a son,
!rt6Herbd,a4on
lim by the hipli/
aDi'irnt practii.e
it the 8aiin;|tiiiie
isals fur the chtt-
'them now the)
g'to render An-
1 intenuarriagti" •
or the same teni
lildrcii which li>
lisHrts; anil hi-
voketPhis imlm
inposal-, timt thr) ^
■ Ill's brothers had
, would suppttit
•oras, a tctrarrhi '
ighten ay a wife
ni «Iso- was. (h1>,
loiiipiiserntv these
him, [for iiiakinj^
I C9i|ie out,'»inri'
s vile diiipositioi
trived, therefore,
ents, as thiiikiiiK
)uld be so relnt< d
thai. So H< rod
f re86lution.,,«t hi<
^n now was, that
J*
■A,
4
\
U
r^ .
rry Aristobulus't
hoijld marry Phe-
isals for the mar
lis manner, even
tiob. .
;■
/
K XVII,— dlAP,
'^
II.
i. Now Herod the jking had nt this linie nine
wives,* one iif them Autipnitrs iniiOit r, and
*m)tlKr, the high priest's dangliirr, by whom he
rtwt u s<m ol his ownnnVet hf li ul ,il«o uik'mIio
jp WH1 his brother's daugthfer, and iiiioiher bis sis-
«ir'vd»u(j;liters,whiA two had; mi clilMnn. Oue
,ol bis wives also wl* o)' tfie Samaritan nation,
wliQiie suns were Ahtipas pml Ari^lielaOfs^ itlid'
whose daughter was Olvmpiiis; whlilh iluuj^llter
-was iifkrward niarrircl tu Jusenh, lire king'ii
Siruther's sun; dut A'lcheluus and Antipns Meet-
brought up with a certaiii private imiii at ftonii'.'
Iliri^l llad also to wife CleoiiiatM ot'Jirfqsah'Ai,
niid by her he hiid his sons t^erud ami I'l^lip;
which l|t»l was plsii bnmght u|i:at .Koiiie^ l^nllas
also was 4iie of his wi As, ivtiu bare him hiisoii
Hhasaelus. *And bisidl'S these, he hud f'ir.tlirii
nives Hii'dra and KIpis, by w-lluni ^Huhud^his
daughters Koxaiia and Suloiiie. AW for his ekl«r •
daughters, by the same mother with Ali xnnder
4hd' Ariiltobulus<SiiniJ whom Hhcrorus ueKlepted
to iiiarrv, hij gam llie one in iiinrrilige to A"ti'
tmter, the king's sister's son, and the olh^r to
'Imsiiclus, his bi'ulher'i
liQsteril^ of llerqd.
son. fAiuIr this was the
Cbnferhinp Zamarh,tUiIiab>il(ij\ianJcw. Coji.
ctmin^ llu Pints tuiii lij/ .'IhUimlcr affainsl liii
t'atlvtr; attdtouuwhal abeultlie PJtariihi. t>
{ 1. Ann now it^was IhM Herod, bciiig de-
<iious of seruriiiB himself on the sliie ol the'
I'rlirhonilcs, resolve(l to build a villajje a» large
as a city for the Jews, in the lui^dlt' ol that cuxia-
tr>, whicb.snighr ninkehis own country dttliruit
to be n«saultt'd, and whence ho niight be at hand,
to make sallieai upon llicm.niid .do thciSin' mis-
chief. Aesji^Ungly, when he iiiiderstoud that
there wasTliiau tliut was n.Jew emiic out of Ua-
Uylon.'Vrith live hundred hiiiiw«uieo, all of whom
(ould shout their ajtrowN its they rode on horse-
bark, and with a huiidt'cd of his A-I^tionit, had
passed over Ku]ihrati-«, 'and niiW abode at Aji-
liocli- by I>i<pbii<! of Syrifi; wliere Hatiirniritis,
who was then pn'sident.'had giveii them n plaoii!
for habitation, called Valatha, he sent fur 'this
man.Mth the multitude that f(dl(iwcd IiiAi;niiij5
promised to give hiiii land in thg^wjirrhy culled Opinion's of I'heroras and Aiii
Hataiiea, WhicMfbuntry is boilg|3,l)y l"mcho- eiit in ^'rlme points of uonin
nitis.jisdt^sii'our to make tbatniis littbitatioii '
enard |o' himself. He. also engaj-iil to I
hohTThe eountr;^ free froin tributr, and tli:Uitbi-y
S%iuld (fwellciitirely' without paving sui
349
with the imposition 01 Ja«es. Of \\(n<U niatl*r
I shall mat more airunlely in the progfrsi of
this historv ^ '
. J. At It iiglh '/amnri<, the Knbylonian, to whom
Herod had given th))t iniintry for «' iioxic'ssian,
died; hairing lived V.irtuoiisit, and le/l children
of a gowl rjianicter bthimrhim; one of whont^^
was Jucimus, wlm w«s famous for hU valor, nii^
taught h« ltali\ lo'nians how to ride their hortet;
and a Inuip uf lli^m were guards to the foremen-
liiiiicd ki«g<. And when Jaciniiis Was dead in
his old ttf; he left a son whose name was't'bilip,
one of great slren))th in his hands, and in other
respects uNouiore eminent for his valur than
any of his eontemporaries ;v on whivb account
there was a conrtfb ncc and firm frieiuMiiii be-
rwcen liiiii and king Agrippa. He hjid also an
army whidijie maintained as grfatus that of .a
king; which he exercised and led wheresoever
he bad oernsion tomnrch. "
5 ^4. When the alTaini of Herod w«'re in the con-
dition 1 hiive described, all the p.uhjic alltiirs de:
pcndcd U|wn Antipater;. and his {luner was such,
that he cunid do |;ood turns to as ninny nf be
iileosed, and thia.by his father's concession, in
hopes ipf Iril good-tVill and fiijelity to him; and
this till he ventured to iise his powers stilt farther,
beCuiise: his widied deillgiis were cixicruled from
his fnthtir,an(ltie nii^le him believe every thing
I he said. He was also furmidnbin to all. not so
much onaccount^f the power and authority he
had, as fdr the shrewdness of his vile ii'tteiiipti
lieforshand : but he .who principally cultivated ■"
friendship with hiiil was I'hcroras, who received
the like Inarktof his friendship: while Ajtip«ter
hadvunniugly enconlpassiid him about by a com-
\taay of women, whom he plaCeil us guardi
about hirfi; for I'hcroras was greatly enslaved
to hi»vvife, ami' to her mother, and to her sister;
and this not^vitlistanding the hatred he bore
theiu, for the indignities they had offered to his
virgin daughters. Yet did he bear them, and
nothing was jto be done without the women, who
had got this iiian into their circle^ and continued
stiM to assist each either in all things, insomuch
that Aiiti|iati<r''was eiilirily:^jidiLkted to them,
both by h^{nsc|f and by bisnioMHKfor these four
.wuineiit said ell qni; and the «I^B)ung; but the
if^fllHr were ijidTcr-
Jioiuts,^ ol no ciinsequence., But the
kiug's sister rSalonie] was their aiitngonist, who
for a good while hadlykcd about all liieir affairs,
and was apprized that thix th^h^friendship wa«
made in order to do Herod some mischief, and
w:as disposed to inform the l^ing of it. And J
^nce these jieople knew that tMir friendship
Wiis very disagreenbijeto Herod, as tending to
toiifj as used to be pajd,and gave i't hihi tuxftj
tt. >U'he liabylonimi'waj induced Uy these otH
to co'nic hither; so he took posstssioii of the lai._ .. .^ „.„„^
landbuiltinitfjirtrrtsesauda villiige,anilnani«d do him a mischief JH|», contrived that their
It Uathyra. WhwreljJ tl'i« nial^Titcame a Safe- meetings should notMBicovered ; so they pre-
guard to Uie inliabitaii|te against the frachonilis, tende.1 to hate one ai^er, and to abuse One an-
bnd pre!,6rv?il tbose'i^s who camt out qf ^a- j other wh*n time served, and especially n^ben
bjlon to.olTcr their 8acri9c|» at Jerusalem, from | Herod was pi^ent, or when any one was there
byng hurt by the Trachonitc robbers; sgi that a i. that would tell him; but stilhtheir intimacy was
gr«atinuiiiber cAp.ie to bmi from all those parts liniieriban ever when they were in private. And
where the ancient Je*ishlawi were ^olMeived, I tills tvos the course they took; but they could
and ttat for a little while, only; and Agriupa ihe
Great, and his son of the same nanic, nhnough
they haiissed them gicativ, yet Would they Hot
tiAe their liberty away. Krora whom, when the
Romans have'nuw taken the government into
thiir own hands, they still give them the privi-
lege of their freedom, but oppress them entirely
* Vhosf who have a mind to know all t|ie family and
deseendanta of ^ntipater, the Idutnean, andnf. Herod
, th e Great , h is s on, and liav p a ni e mo f y in in e sei v « tliem
all dhtlnctly. may CQlisnlt JoMnliuii, Ahtlcj. b. ivlll. «h.
V. net. i, and Dftlio U'ar^b. I. ch. xxxui. kcL 4, «ml
4S
♦
/
reJto himr*' As welkthclr secret Bssem[>lies and
comjiotations, as their counsels taken, ill a elan-,
destine manner, which, if they were not in order
to destroy biin, they mjght welt enough have
been open and publfc. But, to appearance, the*
are at variance; iiild speak about ODBanothcr ^
if they intcntlcd one another ftSHIcnief, but
'NoldiUR in llaTercaiiip's edition, p. 336,'iind Spat leiiii,
i». p. 402— tat, and Reland. Pgleiithi. parli. p. 11 »,l"8.'
, T ''BIN M now winniini;.
t Pheroras'<i wire and her mother and iiit«>a»d Do-
ris, Antipatei'ft mother ^
Sea r
■f^
m
ify ar* .ottttof the
i«ii lliry iirei|[||f>ii(-
tilirrrt, and \Mi
(lliir frinii' "
III thry'
I imrclr
wIlHlgll
thodi, mill 'thin lolif her iir^f^'if th«iu,
UBil«ir«l4(ij|[a1i<Vorhiiiii|i'».»K*|ji»t.«l<'i'l f>l "
urM M well t(ft«th«r wKci
ilght'or ihiliiiiUltuclr ; lor
by Ihriiiwlll «. «h<iy """t '"
ihit th»y will rt^vclf l«'H«
but will light nf(«iii»t IhoDC (I
I < kl th^ iloiKin " A ilji thui
thrie tnin;;«, iinil Rtt a pr-
AIJTIQUITIKS OF Tllfe JEWS.
iiii*|iriKiit!<iti»w»f«:1l .
j!VI>'n»|>oA' llcrwl put '4
.tornyiH tlifle lieyomiU- . ',
ill'l|«-riliy iiiiilKrv^nt '« viry't*!
I
I
IIM'
iil*U Mr
hail tlirij
Hfiu, till
\»itW'h^
tqteOni'
1 liiil
I'uthrr, n'liil
l|alrcil lofhiiii
trietiiU' at Koii
Hrrpd, Ihiit
ti|)«|tr ti> (
lltroil n^iit
ii(ili|<' prilMini
1 tniiie*i(. whir'
j liil(iu(rU!i(ir;
' llfsff'llH li'MI L
' liuiijhlirishoi ,
ini()«ipi!8r of 'tilings ti> ro^uc hy U)\iiie iifciiirii- \ .\iit7(t|iU|r, thti'
5 ^h« •«iiCil«t mill «lunt not ,(|r|#nil lUioii il, he-
'■ I ^wSir^Hi wliirdtiinMX-lv^i highly
- a|l|Mpibiliiv(t(I^J«il(<- highly
' Ivtthoi" i^w. i*^ wuiiit'ii
fliiiti hrr rallril
fre lu >■ * up'icity
i|iiipe lort thfy
. _j„^.h of'optiijfight-
iWcc(fr<l(tigly, wheA all
,,„—,.._ B^uj"**" ■'»''"'»"'•' "f thfir
>«,o <;fiwil»';\TOft «') thf kin)t,V novtrii-
,„.„»* »«a'> <«)< n™wtj"t '«« iir, hi'iiig ahove
^'(Mtl»!l, niid uhtil tlip king Hiipovii nHlii):
')5ttOt>lh«*|,*l'hi»rortiii • w|ft f aiil thtir fiiifi for
them W nrdct to 'miotic uhich kimlneM lOl
"hf'r*, )H|«« thi^i^crclH'lmril lohmc llio lori'-
If'
Ibi
ih
'M
»4n^''
tiq,ii, thi^ fiJivttSkl liow (ioil had (UriM'il
IttrutU gotitmmnt <iho*(tl,cia»e, .luil hi* piis
irrilj shoiifil I e ilc^iiiittlol i\, l«it thnt the king
hini ihouljl ci^iinj loliir^iiiJ I'hiroms mid to
that i l)i»i>. nllVfigh i)F
< ';r«it hi»i};«iiijeiiif
of 111* Kfcflj^e criiflri
iinrly uci'ff'Wl'hy '
ii<iw, u •unjiition of lii«
Blraiil ihiit Iho tll^cti of hi*
lit iiicniiHir. tn ln« wrol« to lii«
and ImiIv Ihriii to lend A»
would iuiniedialaly lenJ AW-
if which, wlinl K W«% <lon<.
intrr Ihilhrr, and wilt ulo^l
i;; willi Jiim; ai» aKo hi* tf.-»
rjVp'l''' W'" uppoiiitfil 10 1 ;>■
.tliMt if Aiiliiiiilvr nhi.iilil il:i
I'iitip] hv lln^ hijih pi^PH -
iird. Ami, l.igrtlur, «i:ir
10 Koiim S>jhii» llir Aiu-
dyim untiling of iitl (hut
utipijl) r iil«> iicrust'il'hini
ivhirli he fiad hti;ii lof-
I. Sylhiii WM bIko uc-
ihou't hin niuxeiit he had
'i'
•\k.
i;:;;^':a:;^..::::'^^H:^z"ii::;^i^:i ii;;iv:^i;ai;ifwi«,Svi,,grcMiyti.j.t«i bv h;i».
• f«"^.l"..a.urfoP,ll»goa.. I.el».dy,ce., pulled ,.p Sylfeu.liMl ,H;rt*nled thi, i.ia,. »' '' t'"*, f <' '■
: siby theni «» .tUaugti ,lTe.tboulu-^b« named the fa- <» (i^l?* ».">« of Mi<*'»y,to kill Herod; .ml he had
rui
wt
ro(
of
am
de
.r»i
till
be
bri
uii
of
by
tki
IIIC
et,
Vb
•hi
thi
wi
H<
wc
fr.
■ ,11.
tUv und lheM,em^a<-tor,6f hiii, who. I.y the ,„•>* pro,.ii«ed t., <hj 4 ' « h"', » "h"*"' ^"^^^^^^^^^^^^
■ dictio., wa. foVetflId to'ie thtir npplMuled kh)g; [ .luaililecf «nh(hv.. for ^y lieu* hjd him.eaf toh
f»r hat Ihii ling would have dlf thing, in ifu llim of it J-.e iMrt't"!"' •''''\'''S "^ ''' **",'=,r''-'' .
S,wcr?Ud »voilLual.le Bagoa« ^o iiioVv. """V I Cbrfnih..,, *,ih4dl»lM, to the '"".»'«J'"' ''"' ■:'4-
• ^have children Of hi, own iSxly begolle,,.' I hy glit out ol h,,u;le nhole ^l>"'i»'';^^y^^^/*^
"•, '* , -J '• ■ > raughttwooth*r'/V,wl»iiiii», \vhowere.dt»cq|(Wirt
' > CHAP in "■' <, bvf;<»riiithtis'4u(iife«)ne the litiulol alriW*. .and
' f ' ■, '. ' • itl'ieiilhirnfiiiiid toSvlleu», who both were I)) .
- (ionctriiing Vie Knmily nlwctn Herod and Fhc* 1 i^^ king brought to tlie torlur^, nnd confessed ^
rora$; howHeriidientJtnlipaUrloCaiar;and . ji,g| ii^,,- u'ere conie (o eiicoiinigt; Corinthu* nut
ltd fail Jifdoiii^what he had undertaken to dS; „
iind to assist him, with ihejr own hand* iii lli. •
J^^
St
4.^"
^,"fil>e Vedlh of Fherora$.
' \ 1. A^llEN Herod hid ounisbed' tliose I'ha
riser, who'tiad been Coiivicted of the- foregoiii(^
crimes, he gatliered an assembly together of bin
friends, and accused Pherora,', wife ; antl, as- '
rribing the abuse, of the vn^jn, ;,to the impu- '
tience of that woman, brought an accosutiun
a^aintt her for the dishonor slie had bri^iight
upon them id|||^ "she had studiously introdmed
a q^rrel h^^^B him and his brother, and, by
her ill f'tn^^^H brought tliem into n state oii°
'^War,' bolJHB^V worda anil actions; that the
" 'fine, whiS^^Wd •4aid had nd^-been paid, and
luiirder,, Ul.
Sj) Sulii
whole to him
' 3, At thi,
that nince
his wife, be
Whj
oaL
t'hai
sici
bin!
m
the oll'ender, had escaped . punishi\ient by her I w
niean,; and that liothihg which, had of late been j rei
done had been done withnilt,her: for which
reason Pheroras woild'do welT if he would, of
hi, own acconi, arid by his own command, and
not at my entreaty, or ns following my opinion,
jmt (hi, liiswrife away, os'one that wfll^ still be
the occasion of war between thee and me. And
^tv, Pheroras, if thou valuestlhy relation to riie,
lint this wife of thibc away; for by this niean,^
tihu wilt continue to be a ibrother to nie, and
wilt abide in thy love to ■awe." Then said Phe-
(although he werd^resnd hard by the
former wt)rdli) that *' a, he would not dp m>
■■jwt a thing a, to renouncer his brotherly re-
him;
Pherd!
hiiti,] wh
great caui
bM a, ,001
dp this
wa, dead,
hi, bodj-^roi
and appointe
require- theV assiisliince..
Ileroi('» difC^triiig- Ihi-
o-Konie.
\. Coiiiniand*d Pl\crora".
;tiiiate in his JHechon for
ihioB(»6*rftrirafdhyt
, ngly, and ,WoVe mniij
. come again, till he heard
And indeed, wjien u|)oo a
he was desired? tq cOnie to
I, that he might intrust him
iiijunctions, he had such a
lliat) he would not. conie to
!roit'So..«etwn,,.M?„h9',$t'?4i'...
d of his purpose [noU o si\f
E had^*n^r thut foW such
been already mentioned;
to be ill, he came to him.
ing sent for: and w'hA he
are of his funeflsl. and bad
to Jerussileiu, and buried there,
l^nin inourning for him. This
W-:
■■4 ■
fdeath of Pherora»]„became the origin of An-
?! ■_.- ' »_ — — : T ^r.-^. ."y \;; t n.x.;v-K — > .« hurt nl r p MHT
i:
tipaters mislortune^although W- liad„»lre«li
•ailed for Rome» U4BliAw being about to punisU
mi
H<
thi
rai
Ai
n
th
Ith.
"hii
•■■•|fl
ihi
hi!
-RtCl
', « »lii
hil
*«<
• tel
^'
■ TV
.■■«hl
-Jill
lei
th" murder of hik brethren.
I will.|ex-
^iiM..
#■■
BOOK XVIL—CUAP, IV.
■ • ^ .
-■■■/•-
'•
•
. * .
' '-i.' /—-'
r
l^tllinri ...
ttllH Wlf« ,-^..,
loA'. llcrwl put '4
tllf lo llC<UUIlU' >
Icrvtaiit '« viry > '
f«rl>»(fct Aw
>>■
^1
.11
' |.»?
luijiicion »l III*
• tllt^cti at' lii« .
litt.wrol« lo lii»
^111 tu leiiU |M
itcly Hml AW- <
1 K vv'«% <lon<.
hViiI wiU uio»i
uif aKi> liiii tf.»
i|i|ioiiit>'<l lo !;•' "
iilir nhiiiild il:i- ,
Ik: lii^ll pi^en 1 ■
, tojri tlicr, Wit'r
n)|tu» llir Aiu-
liiii|; ol nil lliiit ■
1«> iicrusril'lmn
• fiail lit'i/ii (of-
lit win «!«> ut-
I fdUKi'iit lie had
iililaiit ut I'vtra;
irllinl deiicrvfil
nut lie liati ilaiiiv
Tbete wtirA tin-
■ied, niid llial on °'
j^iVc (.'oriiithii", .
>!• bf the i(iii|$'>
tiiixtcd by him.
with tim olfcful'
rcut; und hr hod'
tus had-bfiii ap
^«d hiiincir told
tl'it ; Who caii);lit
iiture; anil (lifr«'-'-, ..
:^)iraey. _H<»Jdy;).*
w<Te.tfi(jC(uW««t
(of ni irlw ,a!id
10 tioth were I))
i;, und contested
^! Coriiithut iu/t
ndntaken to ifS: ..
A II hand* ill tin ■
■tlieV a»!iisliinc«".
di^c^triiig- Ok' ,
amW l'%ror4". '
I his iHechdii tor
i* 6i»tt tt'ti-afChr:
ind aWoVe niniit
ra in, till he heard
ited, n3>en u|ioi) a
liredf' tq come tu
ii!;ht intru^tt him
he had such a
luld not.conie to
irpote [noyo «»>f
Kl that foS sucli
e»dy mentioned;
!i he came to Jiim.
or: and whni he
func4iBl, and bad
and buried there,
ng for him. Thii
lie origin of An-
1
*
I
plain th» hiitory of thii matter viry dittinetly,
that It limy b« lor • warning to mankind, that
they lake i%r« of Conducting their whole livea
by tltarulmof nrtue.
CHAP. IV. '
Phtrorat' I lV{/i imccuifd Ay hit frttd-min at
guilly ^poiioiiing him) ami how lltroJ, ufon
, fiitmininr Ihi •Vnlltr bij Torlurtt found tht
. foituHi Sill to thai it haj bitii priimrtdfor
'' ^himtilfbi^iii son Jlnlipaler; and, vpon an /n-
(juir^oyTorliire, he ditcovtrtd Ihtdangtroui
Dttignt t)f Jlnlipattr.
\ 1. .\t loon aa I'heroraa «raa dead, nnd hit
luiirtal ;wai over, two o( I'heroraa'a freed-men,
who were niui'h cilccined by him. canielp He-
rod,, and en'trcalid him not lu leave the murder
ol hia hrolfier without nvi'iiging il, hut to eX'
amine into auch an unr<:a«oimlile and unhappy
ilenth. When lie wm moved with theie wurdi,
'fur they ■eenicd to him to be true, Ihey aaid,
thut "I'hurura^ supped with hia wife the day
before he fell^aii:k, ttiid that a certain uolion wta
brought him in inch a aprlof food aa he was not
used local, bat Ihat when lie had eaten he died
of il; that thin potion waa brought out of Arabin
by a woman, under pretence indeed as u love
Iiblion, for that was its nanici hut in ri'ahly to
lill I'hcroraii; for that the Arubian women arc
skilful in making auch poisons; nnd lliu Woman
to^ whom they ascribe this, was confessedly n
most intimate frienil of one of Sylleiis k mistress-
es, and that both the Miolher and IIIV histri of
Pheroraa'a wife/ had been at the places where
ahe<4ived, and (hud iicrsuade^ her to sell them
thifs polioii, and bad come hack and brought it
with thein Ihe day before that c^ tiia supper."
Hereupon the king was provoked, and put the
women alavea lo Ihe torture, and sonie lUat wet-e
free with tlieui; and aa the fact did not yet ap-
fiear, because none of them would confess it, at
eii^lh one of them, under, (he utmost agonies,
said ly """''iii'"' ; JIM?' that "she prayed that
U|d Rould 'MWd lH||^tk\< agonies upon Antipu-
' ffr's mother. 4vho hiid been iheoccasltmof (heae
miseries to all of thetii.'^^hia fwi/er induced
Hejrod tc increase «lii: lyWiun'iT tortures, till
thferebv all was discovered: " llu'ir merry inect-
lllgs, iLeir secret asjkmblien. aitd the disclosing
f^whnt he had said to bis son alone unto I'hei'o-
; raa'a wonieH."*^^ (No\v. whiit Hrrnd hSd charged
Anttpnter to coiiceaK ^a» the gift of li liuiidred
talcnta lo him not lo liavcMiw vonversutign with
FJitergra^St) _ " Avd' H4i|j^w^^d he bore lo^ liii<
tjkiiii* mother'
kid ttl&l he was
hy. had^alread;
ig about to puniai
iren. I will. ex
I'
pioion of her ubfailhfulDtlsa lo hhii. 5(o tb« kilif
(taring satisliedhimarlf oMhe spile which tiolris.
Anl||uil<r's inolhrr, aa Well a* hiiiiaalf, bur* li>
hihK look away'froiii her all her fine ornauicota, i
which were worth nmnyltnlrnls. and lh«iii acnt \
her ftway, and entraril inlo friendahiji wilh I'he-
roraa'a tvumrn. Hu( he Whoniuat of alt irrilalcd
Ihe king againit his aon, 4aa on* Anlipa|cr, lh« '
procurator of Aniipuirr jthe king's son, wl|0,
when he waa lorliireil,.nhii>ng other IhliiKs aaid,
Ihat AniiiMiterhad prejmriJd a deadly |K)liou, and
given il to I'hrroraa.wilfa Ips desire ihulhi' would
give il to his father duringlhis absence, and whra
he was loO remote to have Ihe Iciiit auaplclon
cast iiimn him tlierclo reliJling: Ihat Annpbilua '
one of Antiputrr's friVliilaJ brought thai potion ■
out of Kgypt, aud llial it|wa« sent liiJ'livromjb
l>y. Theuilion, Ihe brother of the niolher of An-
tipaler Ihe king's son, and by that iiirnlls came to
I'lieroras'a wife, her bimbanil having Kivrn it her '
lo lieep. And Wl}en Ihe kiiig asked lier a^ioul il,
she confessed il; and us s|ii^ wa:rruiiiiiiig io fetch
Itv aha threw herself d»wn| from the house-lup,r
yet did i4ie not kill hcrarlf.,because she. fell uiion
her feel: by which nieanal when the king^ad
rninCiirti'd her, and had pnitiiiied her ahilhe^ty-
mealies pardon, upon < Diidilioii of their ccuVcral'
^ng nothing of the truth Iroiii him,biithiidlii'rf^al-. ■
eni'd her wtth Ihe uliiio«l nilairies if slit- pruvttt \
Ungmteful, [and concealed I any thing:] >o shu
promised and swore thni Jlie would speak out
every' thing, and tell after what iiiuuutT every
tiling was <loue; aiid^aiil, what iiiuiiy took to bti
entirely true, that "The |)otiuu was liruiight out
of Kgypt by Aniiphilus; and that his brother,
who was a physician, had p-ucnred it; niid that
when 'I'heudioii brought it lis, she kept i| Upuii
I'heroraa'a conimitling it lo I er; und tliiit it w«a
fir«|iared by Antipaler for iliee. When, there-
ore, I'hercms was tidlen sick, and thou •'ainrst
lo him, and iQokest care of him, and ulien he
saw the kindness Ihoii hadsl fur him, his iiiind
WHS overborne thereby. So lie inlled iiie lo him,
and said lo me; 'O woman! Aiilipaler hath cir-
I'untvented me in this nllatr of hia father und my.
brother, by perauading me lui Imve a. murderoui. '
intention to him. anu procuring a potion to be.
aubservieni thereto; do Ihuil, tlierel'ore, go und
I fetch uiv potion, (aince my liirotlier appiars to
have sliil the same virtuous uiapositiuii, lowilrdf
<ne which he had formerly, and I do nut r<lpect
to live longinyself, and that I hiny uordelile iiiy
forefiithers by the murder of a lirotlier,) und bunt :
it before my fuce: that occo^diugly' she inime- .
diul<:ly hrouglil it, and did aa h<r liusliaiid bade
h^r; and that she burnt the. greatest purl of the
.^ , pinion; Iwl that a little of it Wa^ left, ihul if th4t
lUvh/witJf.^e I king, ift*.^ i'heroras's death. ahou<|d treat her ill.
l»imii(2^il'l*lBol ^j.»hemi^h^'.poison herself, amjlhcVetiy x'l clear
ijj'aSP Iniii^ there ; n^ her iniseri,e»." l'|>on^er au}V<>K Iliu*, ah«j
''^■' "" ' •'— —' brought'"bnt the i^mliun, and the box in which it.
wuS^helVirijt, llt|^i ifll. TMuv,jtherc't^)|is another '
bruthaf! ol'^iiti^ihilu:*, and ma motl^ef alsi^ who,\
by the dKlteiiie of |^|,i(liji[jjvl torture, confcsied Ihe \
aanie lhi*U9. tMul%«vneif tiiyjidx [to lie that which \
had" beeir bnWght, out" of Wgypl.] The jiigh \
I priest's U|Ughter i^lso,„who was the king's wile.
— uHilla have liefii yiuscioas of alibis,
, , •» ,--.,_,-__ re»oi»t\l to conceal It; for which reasaiit. o.
.-^»r f»«f he was under, lest he should do j,N^1ik« \a i HerOTflivotecd her, and bloklcd h*r aob oat of^- •
him, that miiile )iim contrive |hif his journey to ; h'ia teatamenl, whwin 'h«v hjilviheiBn : mcniiuiieir'
Rome, and ^rora* contrive to go to hia owijjigH, one that wj» tjf reign afjer him; and he look
oiice
;any great n
1 great many of hi i IVftlWH'ni ' iii brother^
Children, bringi^'^u,,t(iat might 'have hojies
Jtlie kipj^toni, as well^| h'inift1lVj»lt..}vhiili in
. hia'Owii„ti<Hi«a of it uhccrtniu; lor'*hal m !|ll-<<
' if he sIiOmIu himself not live, Hvrod^iatlo^^aiiiej^
Ul^t the gover||kent abould be ruiifcrWd, I)i4 on
Ilia aoivibut rather 911 li br«ttier; He also had .
. triic«u8td.tj|j|p king of jtrwil bSrbarity, and of the »-.i*4icciJ
aluAigblCTof his aons; and that i( wus o\iU of the' and iud re
f»«f he was under, lest he ahonid do tN^liki lo i II^'^Qliv
■%■■
■■ ■..I-
wilMK one that was tjfreign 1
. , fflrie high pri|i«itu>Mf aijrnyfrpiii his fiithei'-1h-la«v
pWsiofia agreed with what hia ais- jSiiiieoii the aonof ltoe|*ijiii^lid appoiirfed Mut-
1 tended greatly fo corrobojfl»l'iithi|t f|| aon of jphet.phim»_jvho wa^bortf at
,nd to free her from ilk »ur[ JcruaakWf tattHifli priest •iiE]pfil.M|||^ v
,nnd aialer.— It aceinsloqic.by^ttho anppuul of two oFlus ftocdriiien, Ihat thia love po-
|ietlicr, lliat PlieroriMiwua nut [ tiun, quiBiBOn. Wliirli tliey knuf was lirouulil loPJie-
1 li i ii nn l yB; i| nHweii | .for<nl i p n- \ rof «« 'fyye,wii H niBil > i i . oof l^riio ls o i i l n nl iiin ; ' w h ere-
iK
/il
■la iKii.wn l|rro<t,rli. t.ma. I;^! as il npi^rs lo h.ivp l)wn hrAiis
EruiiM, if lie were hiiiiweir n|i-
|ier puisoiiiiiit of Plieroraa aervo any
now goihg forwaril.^..j|)j^«a only
poison llerod willinl, aatlic
iDonatrale.
Ill for her Inj
c biiurecxan
-#.
V.
ibniid 10
ImiiTdc'- .
\J-
■M«n
■v
^ ANiyUUITIES OF TlIB JfcWH.
3. Whilo tliii KM iIoIhk'. Umhv^liu, hUu Ami
r'l lri'i:<i-iiiiin, laiiii' Train ((iiiiir> niiil, u|h>i
■ :/
^•1'
Ar.rlaniiitlaira; iiur wi<> in«re now mi) (liin( In
,'iiiiilrr turiii iriiiii wilrrtHiQin^ liim, <iit lh« con-
tMiry, with liiltcr i'urM'«, wiiU'u ()>■') iiii|i|)<iaril h«
VIM iiuiir III rH'civc hit iignuhiiieiiC fur (ha mill-
ilcr i>rhi« l>r<:thr< II,
'i. Now Qiiiiitlfiait Varu> wii at lliri lint* vt
Jcnii-uli'in, Ixiit); ntiit In •iicctscil Sutiiriiliiu>, M
|ir<''iillvii( i>r S) I in, and wii* cimic hi nii sutf wor
tn lltrnH, wliu hiitt diaiml hii nilriip in hi» iirk-
•cut ■l)':ii(«; and a* they wrp' tltlinif (ojfrlni'r,
Aiitipntrr raiiin U|hiii iIiiiii, willxml kuuwiiig an)
Ihiiii; <if llir iiiiitlir; no h<^, rafnv iiilu the pnlan
t'lotiii'd III |iiii'|ili'. Th» ^s^lrii imii'fil rrcriimd
him ill, IjuI I'lrluiliil lii* ^litindi. And now lin
W|(» in grnii diionli r, aiMl pr^Kintly uiulflrttiiud
thr cuiiillliiiil hi) wan ill ; whilii u|ioii hi* )(oinK ^o
miliite hi* liithrr h*' wat rrnoUrd hy hiui. wflu
i„ „ , .'(ijiiir. niid, u|H>ii
thr turluiT, wa» liiuiid to hiivn liroii^ht amilhir
noliuM, logivn it into ihrhamU ol |\iitipat<:r'>iiii>-
.ihrr. and of I'horurai, that if thcl I'urnH-r potion
4'il not upiTale upon the kiii^f thi^ at l«ut niiirht
carr) ti|iii oll'i 'Inrre ciiiiic iiliu Inltcni from llv
rod 1 trirwlii ot Iloiuf, h_v thi- apptolmllon uiid at
th« lutjiti'ilion of Antipa'icr, to urilutu Arrhilaui
■nd I'mlip, ni if they caluiuniHivd |tlivir fkthrr on
nc<^oun( of the idaiiKllitt'r of Ali'xai|il«r and Ari*-
iobului.and a* i\ thiy coniiiiiMsmtiU thtirdeatha;
■lid B« if, hecauiKiliay wrri- irit 'for honii'. (for
Ih^ir fklher hail\lt«udy ricallrti thin'i,) tlify
concluded Ihry wrrc thrniiHslvtJi ilmi to bo tic-
viroyi'd. 'rii***' It ttir* hud briii prqrured b^
Krcat rvwanK. by Anlipntrr'n fri<'i|i(1a; but Anil- ^ .
tiat«r hiiiiMlf tvn'itv (o liia l'utht.'r nl i>ut tltt'iii, uiid | rnllcd him u liMir^lrror of hii hrrllircn, and Ja
laid thu hruvimt Ihiilga to thiir clUrKfj yet did iilntiir of iliitrui'tioii iiKiiintt hiniM'if, and tobl
hu entire ly excnmi Ihnin of uiiy ^ill, and uniil, "'■ * *' l i" •• ■-•■ ■ > >-
' thry w«r«'but youiiff ni<n, aitd ao tiniiulcd thiir
worda to Ihvir ynuth. Itwt h« >aid, that hi' had
kiniat'lf bnn ti^y buay iri tli« afliir rrliilinf( to
^9ylll:u•, niid in Ki'ttin)( intcrtnt unique the grent
uien; niiil oil tliiit iKU'ount hud Uroiigni apitniliil
orpiiuirni* to pntt^nt ihoni nilhid. nhirli cost
him two liuiidrud lulriita. Aioiv, on<> iMIiy won-
ili'r how it (-UIIU- hIjoiiI, that wliilc 4» liiuny aircu-
•atioiia wire luid ag;aiuiit him in Jiiili ii diliiii); ar-
. veil nioiitha lit-forv thia tiiiip, h« ^m not iiiadi'
nripiniiitrd wi^i any of thtni. Tlie niuHiH of
\>liuh ivirc, lliat thu roiida wtriMiMirtly )(ii»rd-
td, Diid lliiit nun hiiti'd Ahlipuliri 'fur llifix ivna
nobody' wIhi would run any hutuiil himatlf, to
'i;uia hiin any advunttigra.
■CHAIVV. - 1 ■
Antipaltr'M^Aratigalion/rom Homf\o bis Fathtrf
and Aoi" lit «'«» iicrliscil hy A^iailuiti n/JJamm-
cus,aHdcondtniHtd(o die byUisI'liilhrryantlliy
(j^uintilius f 'artf«, iWio teixt llicii I'residtnl iif
•Vy ri'n ; iind Autc he was bound liU iJasur Shuuld
be iiijut mtd of his Cause, l
^ 1. Now Herpd, D|ion Antipnier'a writing: to
him, thai huviiiKdoiie ull that Ke wa.* (o do, and tliia
in thv nianncr ne nna to do it. h« wouhl auddtuly
conic: to him, concealed his niigrr lagainst him,
and wrote back to him, and bude ijini not delay
hia journuy, leal Any harm ahould befull hiHiaelf
iu hia abaencc. At the aanie time nliio he made
aome little compliiint about hia iiiutlier, but pro-
iiiiaed that be would lay thoae coiii;|)laiiits Hi>i(W
when he should return. - He willlul txprenHcd
hia entire afiection for hliti, ns fcoring Icat/lii^
ahould have aoiuc aunpirion nf him. ftud del'i r liii
journey to him, nud leal, while he liyrd ut l>piiii',
De should Iny plota for the kingdom, and, itiiore-
orei'i do Bomewhut against hlimiclf.i Tniy^li'tter
Aiitipater met Willi in C'ili>'i:i; but |ind ^Ofivcd
ill) account of I'heroraa's death bribte aj Turon-
tunii Thiii lujit news iiirecte.d him d^ply; not
out of any afiection for l'hernm<i, hi^t becausi^ he
waa deatl without huving mui^dei'C'd hi* futher,
tvhich he'had promised him to do. jAwd when he
WB9 at C'elentiiria in (.'ilicia, he b'ecin to <l('libe-
ratc with himnilf nliout lii>> aniling hijtnie, n« being
much ^rieVeii with the ejection /ol; his mother.
Now, aome of hia frii iida hdviilcH liim llint he
•hoiild tarry n while aoinewhere, ini expectation
of further information. But others 'advined liim
to sail home without delay: for llijit if he were
once come thither, he would aoon put an 'end t^
all accuaations, and that nothing afforded apy
weight to his accuaen at prcaehl butlhia abaenCe.
He was perauailed by these laat, anil tailed. on,
" and landed at the haven culled iu^bjialMji, which
Herod had built at vast: expciiDH m honor of
Cifunr, and calleil Sebaatua. And nqw WiS An-
iilot
him thill Varua should be hia fiiKlitor and his
judge the very lUAtduy; to he found, that what
ini'loiiuiMr he now heard of was already n|ioii
jiini, with the grenineM of whit*h he went nwiy
in confuainn: ii|xin which hia mother nnil hi«
wife met him (which wife was the daughter of '
Antigonua, who wna' king of the Jewa hefori'
ilernd,) from whoiii he Icnrned ^11 circuniftancis
which coi)i'.< rned him, ami thtin prepared him-
self for hii< trial. 1
'J. OnHbe in \t day Varus ami the king aal to<-
ge'thi r in jud{;m(-nt; nnd Goih their frieiida were
uliio culled in, wl nUo llic^ king'li relutionf, with
his aister Salome, und us mhny jis could diacpvfr
any thiiii;, and such ea'hail liein tortui'edf and
beaidea tiicse somi- »lavea of Antipalet's mother. .
who were taken nii a litilir lietore Antipaterl
eoiuihg, and brougli.1 with them ii wrjtlirfi letl^
the aum of whicii wna thia: (haf'llc sMiild
not come buck, becniian oil wat come to hia fa-
t^er'a kiioiy{ed|(e; andjaiU Cicsar was the only
nfuge JH^id left to pifpeiil lipth his und her de-
liiery 'ifi(n hit fulher'a hniida." Then did An-
tipat'ei'full down nt hia fulbcr'a feel, and hesoutclit
him "Dot to prejudge his cause, Init Ihiit he
might 'bo tirit heard by his father, and llml his
fiitlier lyouhl keep him atUI unprijudiced." >>o
Herod ordered Jiiiii to he bi'oucht into the midst,
and then "lamented himself anout his children
fri^ni whom he had su|1'ered such great misfoi'-
tiities; and bernuse Antipater fell upi>n him in
yhia old age. He kUu recJ(oned tip wliat niiiin-
' tenancf and what education he hnd given tliem ;
and what sensoualile tqpplles of wealth he had
ulliii'ded them, accordiiig to their own detircs
tionc of which Tavora bad hindered thciii from
coHlriving ugainat hi^, and from bringing his
very life hito danger, iil| order to gain liia king-
dom, after ■»■ imiiious nuiniii r, by taking awiiy
his life before tfie coura^ of iiatilrc, their fu-^
ther's wishes, or justice lilitjiiirelil that that king-'
doin should conie to tbeiij;',aii>l that he Wonder-
ed what lippes coiiht eli^^njc Antipater to such
a pass, as tii be hardy ei^iigh 'tq^ attempt such
;lhingt; tliai he had. by hti| icaHlment in writing
deciared/him his succensoj^' ih the govermnent;
and while he ivns a^ive^ltf^wf^s iii no respect in-,
feriorto him. cither in hi^iliuslii^ius di;i;niiy, or
in power and nuthopitydhe having no less' than
liny talents for his ytarmlncoine, and had re-
ceived for his journey t^lRome no fetyer than
^hirt^ talents. He also objected to him the case
of, his brethren, whom he 'had accnae^l; and il
tliey were guilty, he had iniitnted their example;
and if not, ne had brought bini groundlesa accu-
sations againit his near relationa; for that he
had been acquainted with all thoaei things by
hiui,Bnd by liobody else, linil. hnd donf what was
done by hia upprobi^tion, and whom ho now ab-
a ol ved from all th a t A'li a cr i m i nal , by hec o tning
i
*' fW
tipater evidently in a miserable coiidilioil, while
nobody came to hiiu nor saluted liinuaa they tlid
at his going tway. With good wislici or joyful
the inheritfji^ nf the guilt of such theirparricide."
4. yfhin (Jerod Wl thus is|iokeii, he fell a
wccpiop, and tvas not able to iny Any more; but
>
Ml) tiling In
, «it Ihit con-
•ii|i|MMril h*
t fur Iha mUi-
t lliti lim* pt
lutiiriilnu), M
i< nil sakf uor
ii'r in hi* iih>
\\ng (o^rlnrr,
: kuuwiiig an)
ilu the pnlarv
(li'i'il rrcrivnd
And now Iik
\y unilflrttiiuil
>n hi* )(oinK ^o
l>y hull, Md|u
'tlm'n, •iiU in
•t'lf, nml tobi
Klitor »nil bin
iikI, tliHt what
alrendy u|H)ii
te went rwi^
>tlicr nnd hi*
B dttUf(Hl«'r 01" '
J«iM hrforr
ciri'uniitiinci't
irtpurcd liini-
i« king ut to<-
r ('riiiidH wiTf
t'lulionii, with
roiild dijKTpvfr
tortui't^iU nnd
mlvt't iiiolhtT. .
I! AntiiMtcrl
vrjtlim ktl^
t "lie itfdiild
■nni«{ to lih fu-
wan tlie onl)'
lis nud hrr d<!-
then did An-
,Hiid hriiou)cht
, Itiit thiit III'
r, and lliut lii«
giidiri'd." So
into the inidnt,-
t liiK children
|;rrRt iiiiilor-
U|ij>n him In
n wlint nmin-
d gi viMi tl'.iiii ;
vtnllh he hnii
own drtircs:
:d thciii IVoiii
Imnciii); his
l^ain nin k'tnf^-
' taking niviiy
ijrc, their lu-^
ilinl that kin^-*
>!it he woiidei-
ipater to audi
( nttriiipt surh
If lit ii) H'ritin^
: governiiieiit;
no reupcrt in-.
u> di^uiiy, or
g DO l«>9 than
I, and had re-
10 feyrcr than
o him the cdKC
cusrd; and il'
llieir example;
oundlens uccu-
i; for that ho
oaei things bjr^
:lone what was
am bo now ab-
heroininy
BOOK XVII.^-CHAP
aihiiNiMire Miriilaut of t)ania«-iii, limine iha
•Ml
,.i
"' flw
jiju
icirparrlcide."
km. he fell a
my more, but
nr II
kiiic't (iririid, nnd alway* eoiiireraant with niiii,
HiiuariiuainKd HJIlh wh'ulKH'vcr hi- did, nnd with
llie eircMniaUnrt'l of hi* nifiiira, priirredi'd to
what rctiiniiied'.piAd optiiin) d nil llint t'unrrrn«<i
ihit (lrinon<tni3ii)n< and rvidmrrf of Ihf furlt.
Upon whii'h. Aillipatrr, in order to make hi*
legal defint'r, lunled himnelf In hi* fadirr, and
"enlarred up<in the many iiidiralion* he had
((itrn of hi* pxHl-will to hini; iind initnnrrd in
the hi>nor«*irint hnd brrii ihifie him, whirh yrl
had not iM'en ilniir, had he iiiil deiiervid lliriii by
bit virtiioni coni'i'rn about him; ("or that hr had
made pnfviiton fur every thiii^ that waa lit to be
I'orrteen bi'lori huiid, »< lo kIviii,'; him hi* tvin>*t
Hdvii'e; ami wliriievrr there na* nrrniion fur
I^Hi lalior ol hii own hand*, he hnd not (cinlgcd
any aurb |miiu lor Itini. And thiil U. w»* nhiioit
im]io>*ibl<i llint he who had ilvlivered hia fa-
ther from 'o iiiiinV trf nrbrr/iii* rimtriviiiu'r* laid
a^aiiut bin, ilujuld Iw hiuitelf iii u plot u^uinal
hlin, antt wi 'lo*e uiy the repullilion he had Khiticil
lor hit virtue, bv hi* wirkrdnr** which •iitrerd-
ed it, and thit wliile he had nntliinif to prohibit
kini, who wai already apjioinled hi* •iiireiior,
to enjoy the rnyul honor with hi* father alao at
preient; and thni there wah no likelihood that »j
perion wbo hnd the one hdlf uf that nutliorily/
without any danger, ami with u f|;ood rharnctrri
ihould hunt after the whole with infamy nnii
dinger, and Ibia when it wa* doubtful whetheir
hecouhl oblnin it or not; and when he taw the «iwl
eiimplc p( hit brethren before biiii, nnd waa both
the informer mid the arcuaer ngninit thcni, at a
lime when they might not otherwite have b<en
diicoveri-d; nay, wat the author of the punith-
meot inflicteil u|inn Ihcm, when it apfieared evi-
dently thi^t they were guilty of n wicked attempt
arninit their father; nnd that even the coiilcniiont
there Were in the king't family, were imlirationt
tjiatliehad everuiannged aflairtout ofthctincere-
' cit affection to hit father. And at to what he had
done at Koine, Cietarwat > wilneta thereto^ who
vet wat nainoreto bc'inipoted upon than God
fiimtelf: of whnae O|miioni hit leltertient hilher
are tiifficient evidence, and that it wa* not rei|-
tonable to prefer tlio raluniniet of tuch at pi'iya
> poicd to fane ditl<;rbnneet before tliote lettert;'
the greatest part of which caliimniea had been
raited during liit •bteiice, which pnvesjicopc to
hit enenjiet lo fol^ (hem, which they Rad not
be^n able to do it he had been there. More-
over, he thmved the Heaknctt of the evidence:
- obtained by tortiire, which wat cumiiionly false;
bec^ute the diatreaa iii^ii arc in under tuch lor-
turet Datiirallr oblieet them to tny many thing*
in order to nfe;^e those that govern them. He
alto Oll'ereil liihiaetf (o the torture "
5. liereii
< the na^eni
ter, wliq,
tenant
cominl
cnemii
peared
II there, waa a change ohierved in
liile they greatly pitied Antipa-
tping and putting on ft couli-'
to'liii tad eve, made them
tame; intomuch that hit Very
red to companion ; and it np-
, , , . , that Herod himielf wnt li/lrtted
in hi* own iiiiiidj although he waa not willing it
ihould be taken notice of. Then did Nicelau*
begin to prosecute what tbp king had begun, and
that wit/i 'great bitteriiett; and tUnintM up all
the fv^|ui'e which arOte from the torturer, or
from tlBptiniouieai f He prihcipallv and largely
cried n JBl| e king'i virtuet, which he had exhi'-
bited iirPh omintennnce 'and education of hit
toiiii, jvliilf hie never could gajnylnv ndvantagtt
thereby, but slill fell from bntTnutforlune to
another. 'Although ho owned that he waa
not to iiiucli .iii'irpri^cd with that thoughtlets
behnv i or of h i«^ former t on * , wlio w ere butJ *
ing to the rovrrnrtieni inoner than their ought
lodo; yet that ha could nut, but juitly tlalid
aniaird ul ihe bnrrld wickidnet* or Aniipaler,
who, nllhoiigh he had inn nnly hnif Kreat beiivAlt
beatowed on hiui liy hi* lullier, enough li| lamt
hit reB*un,.yet cn\tfjt not be inu'ra lamed than Iha
iiioti eiiveiioiiied trr|i«nti; wberaat ^ven thuM
rreoltifet admit of tont^ miligalHin, and will not
bite their l>enrfarliir>, while Aiilipater bath noi
let the miifortune* of hit lirrlhrrn beany hinllrri
anre In him, but he halb gone on to imitnte Ihalr
barbarity iiotwitbtlaniHriK' Vet wnat tlnm./O
Ai(ti)latcr! (a* Ihou haat ll^yirlf ciiufeiaed,) ih«
informer at lo what wicked actniii* tbry/liaii
done, and the •earrher out of Ihe evidence aeaiint
lliem, and the author of the puniajiiiientZlbey
underwent ujion their delei lion. Morilo ne my
thitata^'U*ing thee fiir being to teahny in thy
anger iigaiil*t them, bul are ailimiabed' nt th/
onneavi>ri/~l(» iniilate their profligate iirhatio:,
and we ditcover thereby, thai Ibuu diuat nut act
thut fi>r1h« lafety of thy falher,*bul for ihe ilc-
ttruction oX thy brethren, that bv tmh oiiliidai
hatred of their iijipiely, thou miglitint be believ-
ed a lover of thy' fnlher, and nilKnteat therl'by
get iMe power fnoujch lo do mrilrbi^uf with Ihri
rrealett im|iunlty, which detign/ihy'actiiiar in-
deed demonalr^le. If i* true, Uiou tookalMbr
brethren utf, becnule thou didtt/convict thJiVoi'
tijeir wiiWd deaigMt; but ihoudidaHiot yietdop
to jii>tice thoie who were tiieir pnrtjiera; iindi
thereby didtt make it I'vid/nt to f\\ men, that'
thoi( made*t covt^iiam with |lik'm ngninit thy fa-
tller, when thou i hoieal iji oc the accuaer of Ihjr
bretliren,'at detinmt to gain tothytelf alone thia
tdvahtige of laying pluti to kill thy father, and
to to enjoy double pbmyure, whii'h it truly worthy
of thy evil diipoaitiiin', which thou bnit o|>enl]r
thowed again*t thy lirelbren; on which account
llioii did*t rejoice, at having doiiti a nioti fimoua
exploit, nor wat tjftl behavior unworthy of thee.
Kut if thy intention were otherwite, thou art wona
than they; while thou didtt contrive to hide thj
treachery againtt ] thy father.Mhou didtt bat*
theni, not at plot'tert agaiutt thy fnther. Car in
that caie thou Itpdtt not thytelf fallen upon the
like 'crime, but at luccettort of hit doininipni
and more worthy of that tucceitipn than -^hy telY.
Thou wouUUt kill thy fnther after thylr*^' "
lett thy Ilia raited a^ninat them niiglv!
tectcd'. fcnd left tl»ou ibouhlit tuffer wiiat |
nientithou hailit deierved. Ihou.hadat » niind to
exact, that pun(*hnient of thy unhappy father,
anil didit devite luch a tort of uncommon parri^
cide at the world never ret taw. For thou, wfho
art bit toil, didtt not Oiiljr laV a treacherous dctigo
agflrn4t t)iy lather, anil 'diiltt it while h- luved
thee, iind had beSn thy benefactor, had madi
thee in reality hit paMiter >aihe kiifgdoni,'and
had openly declared tbec hii tucccttor, while,
thou wast not forlTidden to tattc the iweetneia
of niitlioritv already, nnil badit the firm hope of
what will future by iliy fnlh'er'i determination,
and the lecurity of » written testament. But ^
for certain thou' didst not nieature thete thing* '^
acconling to thy father's various ditpotition, but
according to thy own thoiifrhts and^iiclinationt;
and wnat dciirout to'take the part that remained ,
away from thy too indulgent father, and lought-
estto detlrby him with tby dc^di, wbein tboit in
wordj.pretcndedtt lo preserve- .Ner wa.tt,'thoil .
content to be wicked tliyaelf,\.but thou Glledtt thy
■pwtber'i head with thy devices^ and raiiedtt dit-
' "I 'yoling, and were betidei corrupted by wicked,
cnnnaelloet, wlio Were t*"" "''citionjof their
wipipg out of their minds alt the righ(eout die-
tatei of nrl'irr, Mtjlhiii out of ^deiire of com
•atur& jMgLtbii
tw^l^^ian^ft thoi
1 vvui< <MI, WW Jim'*"^
among thy brethrenL and hi)fltt the-
tiither n wpd beait;. whi|«
liiind more''cruel than aity .
lou tenteit oyt that pOiion •
ndred <nd gr o St ot t ben e
aasitt thee anil .
fin on alliMet '
women, againit
mint] of tbine wjM
il
'MH
-.vif.-^-
AilTIUUltlES or THE JRWg» ••
.t.
.»•
/!
f'4%'
Mt nfflci'at ol itwif to wppOft •<> Rr**! « ha-
ll^ •• thttu barnl t<i tilia^ Aiiit liur« ibou aii-
riit nflur lb* tortuftt of frceinrn, of iluinci-
uf men uul wuin4n, which hk'
Haaiiicil on Ihr arciiunl, tail ifSt*
tioiu uf (hv fiillow-coiMplraluri, A' Mklrthg
tocuotrailKt thalruth; ■iid htu (hou|(hlon w»]ri
iiol only lo lull* thy fiilh«r oil! of Ihc wutld^ hul
to iliwnnul that wriUrn Uw whu h ii n^inat
lh«e, aad (h« virtue uf Vtrui, ■iid lli« nuliirc of
Jniticvi najr, luch i» that ini|>uil«nrc of thjfia on
which Ihou conAtlcil, that thuu ditiirrit to b« itut
lo th« lortiir* thytnlf, while thou allrK'it, that
(h« torture* of inoM alrcaiU viaiuinrj Ihrritliy
havtt luailu then tall lirii that ihoM that hava
baan the (l«liver«r> of thy fathar may not ba al-
lowed to have tiioken the truth ; hut that thy tor-
ture* may be citeenieil <he diwuverer* of truth.
Wilt tiot thou, O Varua! deliver the kinK from
tba imuriei of hi* kimlred't Wilt not thou de-
atrojrattita wicked wild braat, whieh hath pretend-
ad IlklueM to hit father, in urilar lo daalroy hii
bmiEren ; wbilfi yet ha i» hiiiiaelf aluna reaiiy to
calM oil iha kinidoin iinniediately, and^pfxar*
lb M the iiHMt liToody butcher lo hlinofllieHiairF
For Ihou art leiiidile, thnt |>arricide la a ftenerul
Injury Imthi tu nature and to coninion life, and
-H' :■.
■I
-
tb'al the intention of uarricide ii not inferior to inii
ilb.pfviielratiun: nud Da whu dqca nol puniah it, | pi M
il jiijwiuua tu nature itaelf."
6. Niebjaua added farther what baloliKad to An-
lipaler'a {M|[bcr, and whataoever ahc nad prat-
tled like a woman; aa alao about tha prediction*
and the lacriAce* rclMing to the king; and wbat-
aoaV«r Antiptler haa^tfone la*f)viou*ly in hi*
cup* and hi* auioura ahiong I'Mivraa'a Women ;
tba exapiination upon 'u'^Gi 1|M whataoever
CODcamad tha tei)liinoni<ll^%f n|p wilneaaea,
wiiicb 'wara many and of variouaikindi; aome
praparcd beforghand, ktet other* w«re j^den
uawcra, wli^^rtber^d{j||ar«d and Mkfirmed
dn who
tba Ibrefolnl
war* acquaiiiuSwitb Antipater'a praclicca, but
had coiicaaled Ifaeni out offaar, when Ibey aaw
that he wM clfpoaed to (he accuiationi of the
former 'wilneaaca^jMH^hat hi* great good for-
tune, which huCBipHrted hint hilherM. had
qow evidently DnrayecF him into the Unoa of
hia cnendaa, Who Ver« now iniatiable ii 1|ieir
hatred to him, tuld all they, kliew of nim. Aj^
hi* ruin waa now haatened, nol *o, niucf
enmity of tho*e that wcrviii* accui
groa*. and impudonC and wicked'
and by hia ill-will.tohia fathe^i
while he hud 6lled their houae
.and cauaed them to murder
left o<r i|M*klng.and hait nrwluced Iharvidanca,
VarutlMile Anll|>ntertu li< flike hinitelt lo niakieg
cfrnrr, il he hinl preiiarrd any Ihiiig where*
niiahl ap'iirar that n* waa nut gumy uf the
• li e^iti a ••iHMd of; fur that, a* ht| wM
If iNWlMm, *« ntil he kihiw that hi* father
w|* in like innnner ileainiu* alau to have him
found enliri'ly innoie||l. Hut Anlipatrr fell down,
on hi> fare, and apiieHird to (tod, and to all men,
for leilimoniala ol^ hia innocency; dr>iriiig thai
(iod would declare by anine evident atKnal*, thai
h* had nut laid any plot againal hia fatlirr. 'I'hia
being the uaital inelhml of all men dealilule of
virlur, that when' they let about any wir,k-
ed umlrrlaklngi, thry fall to work according
10 their own incrinatluna, a* if they heliavrd
that (iud waa unconcerned in human affair*; but
when once they are fnuiid out, and are in danger
of undrrroing the piiuithiiiint due to thuircriinrt,
the^ eudenvor to overthrow all the evidence
againat tbeiu, by apfiealing to ttod; whi<:h wa*
the very thing which Anli|)atur now did; fur
wbcrea* he had ilone every thing a^ if tlifre
were no (!od in the wurld ; when ha wa* on-^ll
aidea diatrcMed by juatice, juul when he had iiu
other advantage to ei|M'Ul||^w>n legal pruvia,
by which he might diapro^^K^ atcuaationt laid
■inal him, he inipudentljr ibuacd the ninjrtty
Uod, and aacribed it to hia power, that he had
been prearrvcd hitherto; and nruducetl before
them all n^ diirirulli^a he had ever Ull<lef|nne
in hi* buld actiiiK for hia father'a iircaervalioa.
T. So when Viirtta, u|)on aaking Antipalcr
what he had to *ay for hiniaelf, found thai he
had nothing to *ay braidc* hj^ appeal lo (iod,
and aaw thai there wa* no enil dklhat, he bade
Ibeni bring the |K)tioii before thl^cuurt, that he
niigjht aee vlhat virtue atill remained in it; and
when it wa* brought, and one that wa* condf mo* ,
ed lo'die had drunk it by Vani*'* cummand, be
died freaenlly. Then Varui got up and depart-'
ed nut uf the court, and went away the day fol-
lowing to Aniioch, where hi* utual re«i icnce
waa, becauac that waa the palace of the !>> i..in*;
upon which ^firod laid hi* aon in bonda. But
what were Varua'a diacourae* to llerod, wa* nol
fcaowu Mlhe geiicmlity, and upon what word* it
wa* IhaPP I
brethren i-
itu
Mie\
wa* neither fainjin hi* hatredj^JRip aind
iriendibipF'but'juat^-eo far a* :^|^ed hia earn
turn. K«|W, thSre were a Krcnl nuanber who for
a long lime befoithnnd had^aeenall llii*; andea-
pecialiy lUch a* were naturally dixpoacd to judge
of matlera'^'fay the rule* of virtue t becauac they
wefc uied tondetermine about aflair* without paa-
aiOn, but had been reatraiocd from makliifr any
open vonlplaint* before; lliene, iipon the leave
now given them, produced all they knew before
tha public. The demonitivtion* alao of these
itieked fact* could noway be diaproved; because
th^iany witne**c* there were did neither *peak
out of favor to Herod, nor were they obliged to
keep back what they had to lay, out of auipi-
eion of any danger tney were in; but Ibey iiKHie
what they knew,, because they thought auch ac-
tion* very wicked ; and that Antipater deierved
the Ereateat puniahmeot; and indeed not lo much
for Herod'* *afety, a* on account of the man'*
owii wicfcedneu. Many things were alio *aid.
who
and those by a great number oi peraon*
were noway obliged lo *ay them; insomuch that
Antipater, who u*ed generally to be very abrewd
to hi* lie* and impudence, wa* not able lo *ay
me word to the contrary. When Nicolau* had
tiun
though it was alao gena-
taoevw Hero<l did after-
douelrilh hi* approba-
^iy auppoied, that i^aUoevju- Hero<l did after-
mini about hi* aoii|^(lll doue^th hia approba-
ISut When llerod hai^bouud hi* *on, he
•lat Jctter* to Kome lq.^^*ar about him, and
■och uie-ssenger* withal aa •hould, by word of
mouth, infornr LVsar bf Antipater'* wickedneia.
NOW, at llii* very tiiue there wa* *eiied a letter
of Autiphilu*, written (o Anti|Miter out of Kgypt,
'(for he livcd^here;) and, when it wn* opened Dy
the king, Vl wa* found lo contain what follow*;
" I have tent thee Acme'* letter, and huxarded
my own life ; for thou kiiuwesi that I am in dan-
ger from two families, if I be discovered. I wisfa
thee good *ucce** in thy affair.'.' Thcae were
the content* of Ihii letter: but the king made
inquiry about the other letter al*o, for it did nol
appear, and Antiphilus's *lave, who brought that
letter which had been read, denied that he had
received the other, liut, while the king wa* in
doubt about it; one of Herod'* friend*, aee ing a
*eam upon the inner coat of the ilare, and a
doubling of the cloth, (fqr he had two coat* on,)
he guetaed that the letter'niigbt be within that
doubling, which aticojjidi^ly proved lo be true.
So they to9k out th^^tt^ryand it* contents were
lhe*e: "Acme to ;Antipater. I have wrilteii
auch a letter lo thy father a* thou deairedat nie. I
have also taken a Copy and *cnt it, as if it came
from Saloriie to iiiy lady [Livia;] which, when
•rSF
thou rcadest, I know that Herod will punish ii
l&ine, ^s plotting agaiust him." .Now, thi* pre
tended letter ol SaTame'a lo her laiK wa* com-
po*ed by Antipater, in the name of Salome, ai
to it* meaning, but in Uie word* of Acwe. The
€
?■
m
•rll (II iiiakiag
IhiiiK whim*
I RUilty u( tht
•I, •■ ht| wM
Ikiit Ilia falKcr
I lu have him
Xlrr I'rll down,
•11(1 III all iiirn,
, (Irairiiig (hat
II MKnala, thai
I fallirr. Thii
I ilcililuir ul
u( any Mt'ick-
urk aci'iirillnr
ihaj' kwlitvrii
lanalTairi; but
I arc ill ilaiiKrr
toth<iircrliiirii,
Ihr cviiUma
xli whii:h wat
now did: (ut
IB atiftUrj;
ha wiu on'iill
lirn lie hail iiu
ligal proul*.
ti'uMliont laid
;d the iiii^t'iiy
er, (hal he had
uiluced befora
vir uil<l«r|nnt
irctervattoa,
ing Aniipalcr
found thai ha
|i|>cal to (iod,
thai, he bad*
court, that he
ii«il in it; wd
wai condf urn- ,
cuinuiand, be
up and depart-
ly the day fol-
Riial n<«iilcnce
il'tli« >w..iDi;
n bonds. But
lerod, WBi not
I what wordi it
wat alio gen(>
extxl did lifter-
I hii approba-
ud hit ton, he
bout hini, and
J, hy word of
'• wirkedneii.
•filed a Icltrr
r out of Kgynt,
wni opened Dy
what follow! ;
anil huzarded
It I am in dan-
vere^. I with
' TThcie were
he king made
, for it did not
brought that
d that hi! )iad
le king wai in
enda, aceing a
e ilare, and a
two coata on,)
be within that
ed. to b« true,
conleuta were
bave writtet)
eairedat me. 1
1, as if ilcaroa
1 which, when
will puniib Sa-
\'ow, thia,pre-
lad^ was Com-
or Salome, ai
fAcme. The
•
DfWK XVIt.-CHAP
latter wa* thiai ," Aenw In kinf lUmil. I havr
done my undearnr that nulhiiig that it donti
a^iiinil (hrti aboiilil lir nni caliit rriiiu |hr«. Mn
U|nin my iIiiiIiuk a IfKi-r of Siiloiiii. wrillun In
my lady agalnal lh««, t ham wrilliii niil a niiiy,
and arsi II tu th*r, with haianl in iiiyH>lf, Ihii
fur (h^ adrahlaga. Tha rrii.ini why •lir wriila
t waa Ihia, that aha had a iniml in (m' uiarriril to
*»yll«'i«. |)i> thou Ihtrrhirr liar Una Ivllrr i
k;
Mtfin, Ihnt I may nal nmie iiilii ilanKrr i>l my
tfa." Aow Ann* hnd wrilli<n In Anliiialrrh
.I/--....I i.r„. Ik.;-. .!._. .. .'
r a roiiy
brr laih.
I'll 111 Anliiialrrniiii-
afir, and infuriiiril him that, ill rnmiiliaiK'n with
bia coiiimaiiil, th» Umi Imih lirnrU tOMIi'n In
Harixl, aa if Muloiiit hiiil Uid a auilildwnl ••>■
lira)/ againat him, and had hvrarlf ajlr a
of an I'liiallfi, aa rnmiiig frnm Salniii.' tn b
Wow, Acnia wiiaa Jowraa by birlh, and n airvuiil
to Julia, Cieaar'a wif*) and did Ihia nut uf hrr
friandahip lor Aiiliiialar, aa having bun ror-
ruptrd h^ him with a Urge pnarnt of monrt,
to aaaiat in hia jMimirioua dcaigni aniiiH bta 1»-
tharanil hia aunl,
1. Ilerrnpon Herod waa ao aniaird at Ihr prn-
digloUa wlrkrdaraa of Anli|mlrr, that he waa
ready lu hav* nrilrrrd him lu bit tiain immnlialr-
ly. aa a (urbulviil {irraon in Iha niuat iniiHirlant
eoiK«ri^ and |f one onr that liiici a pini nnt nnly
•«»"'»^lwl'. but againat hia tiatrr alan, and
«Ta« fdn>uptvd (.'iraar'a own dnmratica. Silomr
alao provnCvd him to il, heating hur brraM, and
bKliling liim kill hrr, if he roiihl pmdute any
credible tritimuny thai ahe had aij^l in that
ipanner. Ili^rud alao aeni fur liio annPtid aakrd
him about Ihia Hialtrr, and bmlr him rontradirl
ll if Br roiilil, Bnil,.nnt aujiprrai any thing he hail
In, iu||^r himtelf; bikI whrn he had not una
""•'^PWy> "• wakul him, ainin lie was »*ery
""^^P*".'"*'' '^'"■"y- ••>»' he would ninkit
no farfflkr delay, bill diicurrr liia iniiieratra in
theu bla wickrd ilraigna. Sn hr laid all uiMin
Aniiphllus; hut di'ii:iiveri'ir nnliudv rlau. Ili're-
upon Htroil wna in audi kWH gri.l", that ha wiia
readjr to sind hia miii In KnniP tn fmsiir, llit ri-ln
give m account of Ihiae hia wirki(lrunlrivaiir<'».
But hM aunn brcainr afraid, h at he. iiiiglit then-,
by the Bsmttanco of hia friBmU," i .caiHi the dan-
ger h«wAa in: solirkrjil him hound its li.fnre,
and Mtnt ninre anibaaandnra and li llt-ra f In Rome]
to aocuae hia anii, and an iicrount of what n««iiit.
anca Acniit hnd girrn hiiii in hia wickril djMiign,,
with copiei ol (lie cjiiatica before iiiciitioncd/
. CHAP. VI.
C«j««2j<»r '*« DiitoMe thai Herod ftU into, nnd
mf^mdiliah vihicK Ike Jtwi niuil thereupon,
tnth the Puniihment of the Seditioui.
t.l- JJoy Herod'H ambaaaadora made haste tn
Rome; nMricnt, aa iniiructcd beforehand, what
aoawers they were (o make fn the questions put
to them. They alto carried the epiatles with
tbem. But Herod now felt into adittemper, ami
made hit will, and bequeBthe<l his kinzdoni to
. rAntipaa] his youngest aon; and thia qut of that
hatred loArchelauaand Philip, which the calum-
■let of Anlipater had raised against them. He
•IM beaueathed a thousand talents to Ctesar,
!»• hundred to Vulia, Cassar't wife, to Ciwara
children, and friends, and freed-nien. He also
dl>tnbut«d among his ion* and their sons, bis
■oney, fait ravenues, and hit lands. He also
■ade Salome his lister wry rich; because she
bad continiud faithfur to bim in all his circum-
staaces, and waa ncTcr so rash as to do bim any
barm: and aa ba det|iaired of recovering, for he
WBI about the seventieth Tear of his age, be
tgrew fierce, and indulged the bitterest anger
- 7i 1--' T"" '""■"K»° ineuiuerest anger
y - all occasions; the cause whereof was this,
^at be tbought himself despised, and that the
MtioB wa* preased witb^ hia misfortunes; be-
Ma* which, be resented a sedition which some
Of lb« lower sortMf men emcited against him,
IM occMon of wfilRi WM as followtT
WUrka wliirb till' kiiiK hail vrerd'il innlrary lu
the law tif their fiilhira, and lliertli* nlilain th*
rewari'* which the law will rnnfar nA*tli*m fur
such lidlniia (if luel), fur that It wai truly on a«.
rnuiil of llrriHVn rH<hiira« in making aui h Ihings
aatlir liiw bail furlHililin, that hia nlbtr iniafur-
tiinea, and tliia iliateniurr alau, which waa au uih
usual among ninnkimi, and with which h<i wat
now allllclril, caiiie unnn him ; for Hernd had
cauaeil anrh Ihlnga In he made, which iaere con-
trary io ilie liiw, of which he waa accuaed bj
Jiidaa and Mallhiua; for ihe king had rractail
(ivrr the great gnli' of Ihe liiiipln a Inrirr gidilen
eagle, of vrrnt vnliic. anil |ui| iledicalciT it In Ihe
tempi*, now, tin- Inw Ihrbida thnae that pro-
poae tu live aCrniiling Io il, tn erect imiigea* or
reprrarnlulinnn nf iiii^ liviiiif crcalnrc ffii iheae
wiac imn pmilniliMll their aihnlaral In pull ilnwii
the gnhlun rngle) ulliging, that ■■ allhniiKh they
ahoiild incur any iliiii^er, which iiiightbring Ihrni
to their deatha, the virin* of (he ai II uw pro-
imted to thi'in would aiipear much more tilvan-
iagenua In them than tile p/enaure* of life; ainra
they would i\\v for the prraervition and iibaerva-
lion of the Inw of their fathers; aince lliey would
also acquire an everlaMiiig fame and I'liii'imemla-
tinn; ainoe they would )>« both romnieiuleil by
Ihe present genirnlinn, and leave ni%i'xnilipta nf
life that would lievtr lie for|;nljeii In pu«lrri(y;
Since (hal cnmninii calnmily of dying cniinut na
avoided by our litiiig so m (o cucaiie any such
dangera; (hii( tht refure it ia a right thing for
thoar whn are in love with n virtuoua i;i>iiiiucl,
to wait fnr that futiil hour by auch a behaviajr
as iiiaj)- carry them nut uf Ihe Jkirjil with pruistf
nud h(wu*; nnd tliiit Ihia wil|P|^ate^ettth 16
n great- di^ne, ibiit to •'"""f "'■JWE''"' V*^
formance nl liruve iirlinnH, mfflf^SSHm ■>• mto
danger nf it; and, nl the ■MMHHFiu leave
Ihni rcputnlinn lii:liind lliil|W^Sii children
and tn nil their rclntiuna, «vl^ieV ihiy be men
or women, which will "be of gre«^ RilvaiiUKe to
them nflerwiird,"
3. And with such dlscouraea at thia, diil tbeia
men excite the young men to iTiit action; and •
report being coiiie tn tliitiii (hut the king waa
dead, this wnt an iiddilinu to (he wi»e inen'a per-
suasions; so, in the very miildk of the day, ther
got upon the place; they rliillid down th. eagla,
and cut it into pieces with axei, while a great
number of the people were in the temple. And
now the king's captain, u|i<in hearing n- lint the
Undertaking was, and a'iippu>in|* it waa a thing
of a higher nature than il proved to be, cnnie up
thither, having a great band.of soldiers with
him, tuch as was solTicient tn put a stop to th*
multitude of those who pullqft down what was
dedicated tnCod; so he fell li|ion them uiiei-
pcctedlv, and as they were tarmn. this Iwlil at-
tempt, in a fnnllth |iretumptlun rather than a
cautious circuiilaueclion, as is usual wiUi the
inultitude, and while they were in disorder, and
Incautious of what waa for their advantage; so
be caught do fewer than forty uf the young
men, who had the courafe to stay behind when
the reat ran away, togtt her with the authort of
thi s bo ld a ttempt , J ii daa and Matthitt a , wh a —
thought it an ignoniiniout thing to retire upon
his, approach, and led th«ui to the king. Aod
when they were come to the kin^, and Jie had i
* That th* making of Images, wItHout an littfntlMl -.
to worship Ihenii wot not unlawlbl tatb* J*«n.at*tk*
MMonAolki,b.viU.ch.vU.s*ct.S. * '^-•""
f'
vl». ..-,/•■
35.')
+
AUTIQIIITIR* OF tllR JBW*
¥/^':
Mkwl lh«m ll*lh«r hi.l h#.). M bold •• %» phII llh. o»h*» M.UhiM. nlio iMit tMtA rti. wH.lioj.
4o«n what M li»il Juilw miIwI bi «i...t » •' Vm. I with »il» r.>iii|W«i..ii«. »l<»« *»<• ">•« 'wr •»«'»♦
(MttI Ibxv.t olint •»" <i"i>lri.«.l, w* ruiilri«».l. ; lh.« wd. .ii rfliltMi »< •>«» n.u.iii.t • '
M>t whiii Ulh h.«ii ii«fl.>f.ii.il. ». n.tfrtriiiml It. ' ft. |l»l n.«» ll»f>it» « *U*\*»t^t %HM\f I
htm nh*
RMiiiwr, uuf
I.-'
I
[
1
I b« IliHl't ^UilKinaiit oixin
• im «l(i»»») 111 h«m •lowlr- wh)<;li ilnJ i)ii« »
_, rW"M»il
|kClMii#a iu<-iii (lir wr h*«^iirn iiur riMlii)*n<'« l«
of «i..(l, .n.l »r h»i. iir..,i.(».l f.rr wiMI -»1.«»« I mw h •(>)>»' I" H- l"'l<;l» «Ml».i^lh. " tl •««-
Unriir.) »,, )i««rilH| th« l«wi »i«l ll owthl ii.it W i mctilr.l hn |hiii» l..w»nlljri fi.t it bn,u«% <<H-»«
b« nunili'ml «l. fl w« mti-cm iIiom Uwt xhith klm • »«h»ni»n« "p^Wtlt* to MtiRR. "litJ-IJ H»
hwl .«|[g«l..l ti liim. •ml mm iMtSu ri.nM not a»oiil »<» iumiiy with «ii« tort "f (<mM
M<»** h«il (itn*'!*)! ti liini, anil wrrn l*ii|(li
klR. by Uixl, and nhU'h h« wnit* ami Wtl boliinil
hiw. n«ni wsTlliv »( olwrntalioii than thjr roth-
•MMia.' Aacitrillfifty, wv will nntlarKn dralh,
•nd altMrIt nf |iunl>lltHfnt whirli Ihoii ranti in-
8i< t U|ion III, with plraxiri', ^raro^i* ara run-
Wliiilt IM iiiir><|l«''« Mi*l wn tlinll ih«. nut r»r aii^
iri(hl'«>M« a<ilfim»> liut fiirnur luva l<i trliKlon '
»r olhar. MU amfmlto W*" •<•« ••«l«»r««»d
and Ihi rliirf irtoUni a ut hia (Min lujr on hi)(
rolon, an a<|i)«uui and lraM|<arriil liiiiior al«i
hail Wlflad UmK alxiut bn Ual. and » liki- Mi«V
Irr aMIrird hint at lh« h«>tlom ■>( hia iwlty. fiajt.
farthar, hi* pflty iin'nil>»r was pat«lf«l, knil
nriHlurt'd woniM) and whm hi« aal U|iriRht, ha
And'thui Iha} aH aakl. an<| thiir c«ur4».i 4M«lj>».l • dim. nlijr »( l.r*alhiii|t, wlitfh wa. vrry
(h(ir><li»1
--tliil c^ual Iti iWir prufuiiun. and i-i{ual lu
mill t^liirh Ih'} rra.lily "l almill llila undtr-
lUkiiic. And' iahan Ilia kiii^ had onlcrad Ihmi
to hailivunil, m trnl llirin lit J«rirho, antl ealird
(ORi'thrr (h« ^rini-ipal lurn ajii'iMK Iha Jawai awl
^h*n iKoy w^ra ruiuf, h« iiiadn ihaiti aiarmldii
^In th.^ lh*Htr«, and l>tra.i>« ln' .oiild not hiMi«*ll'
lArn.l, lie \»], <i|H>n a ninth, and I'nunirralr.l ihv
hian^ lalHir«,lhat ho had liinr riulurrd iin Ibair
tccminl. ailil hi* hiiildmK' oT Ihr Uui|il«, ami
whni a tail chnrKf thai wat l» him, whila iha
AaiiKHiani^, durini; Iho huii.lrad and Iwcniv-
Iva ^rtrj/ur.lhfir K.ivrrnmaiit, had mil twrn alila
to yttvt* n any a.i ^ rrat h W.irk for th« liiin.ir
pf (iod a I Ihnl wai)^i that li« ha.l al<.i ad.irnrd il
with x«r vahialilA d^naiinnt, v<» which ai-eouitt
h* hopt-d Ihat ixm had" lalt htmaflf • mem.irial,
Mwl (irtH 4rrd hinitririi rrpiilaticin aftrrhlxiralh.
I III Ihcnliri.d mil, UiHt .ihi •<• ni«n ha.l mil ali-
(laiiii'd Mni aHrfinltiiK hiiii, tv^n in ht< lllflintr,
but llialD if Iha vrry lUvtiiiia, and in the light i>l'
tha inuUtltdi', tlii-y h««(, ilbMurd him In that d<<
grei', n« (nli'all nniin wlMt ht> had diMbtcat'd, and
In that wa| of abuiti hu.l pulli.l it (Uiwn In ihr
riind. iThfy pTctriidtd, iiidcrd, iVal they diil
lu affriiAt hiiHi hut if any unn Q.intidcr th«
thing truly, lh«y will find that fhry war.; guilly
«( a«criliig« txalnil Uud ihcn-iii.'t
' 4 Hut llie [Koph-, on M-rnunt qf H«n)d'» Imr-
bliroui (ciiipiT, nnd fur frat' hn ihonld bt; to
eruxl «t to inllK't puBi«hiii»nl on llii-ni, f»id,
•• Whiit wai .lune, wai dniir wilhool Ihrir appro-
bation, and that it Mcniril to them that lh« actor*
niight wril b« |iuui»hrd for What Ibey hail ilon»."
But at for llirod, hi' dv»tl mora mil.llv wilh
eth*r<l [of t'^i' aaienilily i^ but hi- .leprivc.l Mat-
Ihiaaof the iiiKh prlothood, w in pnrt an oi ca-
tion of thlt action, awl madp Joawr, who Wat
Matlhiat^t wifr't lirothi'r,-hi|jh pri«it inhiiatnld.
J^oiv it Impp-ni'd, that .luring lh.> time of the'
high prietthood of Ihii Mjitthiii*, there wat an<^
IhiF (lerion iiiaile liigh prii-at fur a tingle .lay,
that wry diiy which the Jewa obterveil at a fait.
The uccuiion wat thit: thla Matlhiat th* high
nri«it, on the night before that jlav, whan the
si«t w» Co b« vcii'liriti:''- treliird in a, dream*
to hare conireratili.io wilh hit wifef Ud becnute
he could not ofBciato himtrlf on'jhat •ccounl,
Jotcph. the ton of Kllrinui, hit kintmmn, aitiited
him In that lacred offir*. Hut lltnd dtprive.l
this Matlhiaa of Ihe high prietthoo^ »nd burnt
a Thla fact, that on* Jote|ih waanmde hl||h prieat for
'• alncle day, on orrndon of the action here loerlfltd,
that hefallWiWlhlaa, Iha raal hl«h prkM.ln hla «Im|«,
tha niahl Iwrore the (reat day of ejplailon, la atuwed
to twill In the Mlalina iiml TnlinuU, at I>r. Iludionhere
Informt mi. Aiid iiidwd, from tlilt fact, Uiiia fullji at
ta i te d , w e m a y >o n fui e H i nt nratendnl riilr In Ihr Tat-
MMiir, on acrount of th* tienrh o( hit brtalh
awritHi ipii. Iin*n oi in rainrnti ha hail ala«
ronvuUi.Mit In all (larli of hit lioily. whi. h m-
rraated hit itrangth l.i an untuAhrable drgra*.
Itwaataidby that* who praltiidad t.i dtilii*.
and who were i-ndimil wilh witil.UU In f.irrlrll
•uch Ihingi, that (iixl lulli. Ir.l tint punithniint
on the kiiig on acouiil .if bia gr»«t mipirly; vet
WM bo "1" in hopea of r»cu».ring, though hn
alKlctiont teeniwl gr«al«r that *ny one cuuM
bear, lie alto lent lor |ih»«lclan«.-an.l .lid ItM
refute to follow what |h»y pri-tcribi-.l for bit »»
iitlancr, and want liayoii.l the ri«*r Jordan, Uul
bathrd himaelf in tlie warm hatha that t«a»# »»
. t;aHirrhoe, wh»eh, beiidei their other gcMNl
'nrlui'*, wvre alt^ lit lo .Irinki which wntir rurtt
into the lake calUti Atphalliti*. And tvlien Hie
phyiiciaut once Ib.iugbt HI to bare hini balbe.l
in a vrit);l full of oil. it, Wat tupfioae.l that hr
wat juit dying; but upon tb« lamentable trtet of
hit <U>iiieili«t, b« revived! and Jwving M.i longer
the leait hojiet of retlOverilig, he ga^c oroer that
every lobVier iIkiuUI be pi|i.l fifty drailmue ■ - '
be »l» ...... - -.
»o gave a great (iKal lo their cnuiman.lert,
iiii.l lo hit Irieiidi, and caiile attain to Jericho,
where he grew to rholaric, that it liroughl bim
to do nil lliiu» lite a iiiadiiiart; ihtd tluiiiKl'
ha were near bit death, he coiiAived tbu'fi>t-
lowing wii'kvd detignt. lie coniiiiHnde.l that nil
the principal men of the entirii Jt-with iiatiori,
Wheretoever tb^y lived, abouUi he called to Iilni.
Arcordiiigtyt they ^ere a great uumlwr tJl«I
came, be.-auM the whole iinliun wat catted, ami
■li iiien lieurd of lliit call, and dcnth wat the
(Mliiaily of tuch at ibould detpite the epittlei
that were tent lo call them. AimI now tho king
wat ill a wild rage arainiit them Ml, the innnceiil
■« Well ai thote thai had aAonled ground foi* nC'
cuntioni; and when they were come, he ordorti!
them tukiie nil ihut un in the hipiio.lrome.t awl
tent f^r hit titter Salome, and her huxbanil
Atcti*, and tiHike tbm to them: "I ihall die ia
a |il(le lime, to grent are my paint; which death
ought tg: be rheerfutty borne, and to be welciviied
byvllaen; but what priocipalty troublet me it
Ih'it, titt I itlnll die without b^\ing laiueiiled, and
without nchniouminru niea'utually eipecl at
a king'i dMth. I^'or that bo WM not unacquaiot'
e.l ivith the temper of the Jcwi, Ihat hi* death
would be It thing very deiirabte, and eiiceedingly
■rccptable to tiram; becauie during hii lifetime-'
When ronlradlcled thereby, Mem to m« of weight
enough lo deaerve that aogreal a man na Reland thould
apend bit HiMln endeavor* at their vindlritllof .
T Tbli ectipe of Ihe moon twhieb It Itie only Mlipae
of (FUher of the lumlnarle* inienlloiied by our Jotepbaa
in nay of hto wrlUnna) I* of the, itreatnti coniegiience for
ilie Jemrwlnalton of the time for Ihe death of lie
?'
ft
1'^ :
rnnHn'"*" *" "'° ""'" "" ,■"" ■;*■", " ."' —
rod anA Anilpnier, and ft>r Ihe lilrth and entire cnro-
nolog* of Jeim t'hrlit. Il hnppencd March IJth, hi
I ihe yearoflhe Julian (lerlod 4710, nnd the fourth year
I before th« Chrlttlan era. f'ee )i*calfolatJon by the
' rulcioraaironomy, at the end ofthe Attronoin|eal Lt«*
turce, edit. I>at. paai «1, 499.
|AplM«f«rlht1lOfM,
mud here meiithiiied, and endea»ored to he e|cutcd l>y
ReUnd.lhilt Ihe hith prieit wnt nol wiffi-rrcl (oaleeplbe
•tehi before thesrciil day of cipiation ; which wrtching
wonld lurely-ralher unfll lito for the many Important
iUllc* be wai to |ier<brma|Uba|^lcinn day, llian.lls-
Maahiiitdn)ytt|ierforni|^^ nWdonirhl almuilicnl
^rf^, wliaa unaupportiMpWf r CTldence, much lata
■»>,.■
. >
Mil 111* ifdtlirMI.
I rh«l *mj i»nht •
tflft K'tM\j til'
r* HMiinvr, •»•'
iin I'lr hi» •iM
wl))rh ihil i|i>t m
i«i^ll)r, M U ■«(■
ll hnjUK^I upin
•tiHR, wliirh h»
onii Mirl i>( fiHHl
■Im <riulc*r«M.
IMin lajr iin bu -
mill Ittiiior »I«V
, anil » likr m»\ '
f hitlwlJy, ftv.
• palriOml, kM
I Ml uprlKlii, ll*
which WM vrry
nrh of hit Imilli,
rn*i h* hwt •l*«iJ ^
iKMly, whirb^ ill-
iiAKrnlil* ilrfniai.
■ iiilfil III drtlli*. '
i«<loul III (inHirU.
Ijii* |iuiiiahnM'nl
;r«Ht Mii|iirljr; y*!
tliiK. Iliiiu|h liM
k My OH* cukM
*n«,'*nil iltil luM '
ri-ribi'il for hi* M*
ri«<r Jifitlun, Mi«i
ilhi thai <(*M M
ir uth*r (tMlibI
mhii'h wnUr riirt« . ,
h Ami tvhi-n Hi«. C:
hive hlin Inlhvil •'
•u|i|H)wil tbot hr
iiiirnUblai tri*» of
JuivinK u<i loiiKrr "..
ii> jKiitt' (>nl«r (nil
fly ilnii liiilwi niul
lirir ci>uilii«nilrn,
«|rnin In Jfrirhb.
t It tiruuKhl hiiii
imili tfHil iImiikIi
ciiuniviHl ihuTuI'
iiiinKiiiJol Ihal nil
rii Jt'wi'h iiailori,
httcuniitl lu Jihu.
til numh«r IJHil
I ivM cdled, niiil .
II lliMlth IVR* lli«
i|ii(« (he tipiillo
^ihI now th« kinK
li nil, the innnct'iil
ril Kruund M «« '
roiuc, he onlei^i'
lii|>iio<lrunie,t tml
■■111 her hu*tmiiil
>.: "I ihill (lie in
■ini; which clralh
ml to be welciyiicii
liy troiiblr* me i«
;ing laiuciiled, and -
'uaually eipect at
a* not unacquatnl''
ari,' that hi* tleutli
B, and cxcredingly ■.
liring hi* lif«liui«-
n to me of wel(ht
iana*Reland*hould
ir vlndlri|llo^.
th I* ihe onlv vcllpac
iiiHl by our Joaepha
iini con*e)|uence for
If ilie deaito of ll*
fi
irth and enttra cnro-
incd March 13th. hi
and the fourlfi year
I calnilitlon h« tk*
ieAatiiMU>ial(alL(e<
-■^^
on thw itrrafion; for ihal, If IhryMn not nifuM
mm ilivlr rununi in what h* iirilrrt, h« atlall
Hat* a gml mniirnliiK al hit fiin»ral, aiul turh
MMornoy Mr hail brinr* himi fnr llwii th«
«hnl« iiallim wuulil nwiiini from Ihrir irerf anul,
whirh ntherwlM wtiiilil b* iKinr In «iiftrl ifnil
liiiKkerjr only. Mr <lr<tr«>d ihrri fur* IhllS ** uion
a« lh*y »»• h# haiH gntn ihi ihr ghoat. Ihry
(hall tiIhi* •olilier* niunil Ih* hiii|HHlriimr. whil*
lh*r dn Mil knnw (hal.Ko i* tieail: and that Ihry
*hnll not ilrrlarit tii* drnlh lo ihr ninlliludr tiJI
lhi« i* donr, but ih<( Ihry •hull (if* on|rr* la
iia«» lh<nr Ihat nt'e in riitlmljr idinl ttilh lli»lr
d«rt«i and Ihal ihi* •ImiKhlrr iiC lUm alt will
<•*»«• thai hr ahaJI ni.l iiiiu t<i rrjoli-ronadciuble
tcfortm : that *• hr t^jlrinff, thrjr will mik» him
, |*rurr,|hal hia wilt ahull b« mriiuUd In whath*
rh*n(t't ih«mli><liii*ii<l ihki hr *I|»U ha«r the
honor of a iiirtnornblr ninilrnin^ Ml hi* funrral.
ho hr drfiloriFil hi* roiwliiinit, with Uara in hi*
nm. and ptifrvlrlt Ihmn hy ll^f klwdn*** due
(rpn thrn*t'«t* itf lii* liiM(t.>rd. nml by Ihr faith
th»y owrd to ImmI, ahiJ hriiviMl of Ihim tliat they
would not hindir hi ( llti« honorablo Nhiuril<^
tllK«l hia funrral." .Sothcy tiTOMiiaadVioi Not lo
IranMtrrM hi* I'lHnmamlk. '•
t. Now. Any <in« may ewllir H'ttimUr Itie trni-
p*r n( thi* nien'« mltid, whWh not only look
|il«a*ure in difinic what he. had du|lr fiirnieriy
aKainil hia Fclationa, out of Ihr Kivr of |)d-, liui
by thaw, coinnianila of hia wlurli ^avorrd of n<i
hunianiCy, lini'r he look rnrr W4)rn hewMdr-
partinr out of l^lt life, thwt tlt< wliiile nittion
•houhi lie |iut intil mouminK. Mi\ l¥drrd iiHk<lr
deanlair of ihiir il«arett klndrral, whin hr vacr
oriliT that oiii. oiil of rirry family ahonliP liv
♦lain, (llhrtnK^i ihry hml ilnnr nolliinK lltiat wna
«|n,t<n(/af Ihatwaa ainiinti him. -jiw frere Ihry
.•reu^lpd of any olhrr rrirtir*} whilv it ituaual for
tho*e who have any rrcnrtl to yifttH". to lay atide
thrir hnlrril nl aurli ii t(«li-, rvru with rranrri to
J^oae ihejrjiNllyrilt'cnicd their fncmic*.
CHAP. vn.
kwH hnt ThUnghtiqfkminK him$f{f vifh ki$
•ten IhHdi miul a lilUe afltrumrd lit erdtrt
AnlipuUtfti bt tlaiili.
Anli(H»trr, wh'i trrily halir«rd hit fcllSrr wa* d*<
) raard, gfnm lwt|.l m h» ><ia< ourt*, at honina I*
|i» immrilialrl) and rnlinU rrlraar.l Ironi hH
hofcilt, knll lo lake Ih* kin|<loin Hilii hi^haml*,
wilhmil any nioi*' ado i to hr diarouri •( With lh«
jailer alw.Mi InimK hini ||o. anii In (lijil •••••
(•roiliiatrd hini Rrral lhiii|t. both anw and hfl».
aftir, at if thai wrrr Ihr only ihinf now oi i|Mr»^
lion. Iliit (hr'jaiirr ilid nut .nily riiluar !■> do
what AnIiiNlIrr Wimld Iwiar hiiii, ttut Mforintj
Ihc-klnir of hia iiitrntiont, ami how Iuimi) ■o||r|
lallont be had hml ln>ni bin* (•'< ihajl nature,]
HrmiiHMi, llrrod.who had foqiii riv iiy( alli i lion
imr p|/xMt.«ill loweril* bla toii*4»-xr^tniiH liiin,
when br hranl whet Ihr Jmbr aaid. hr.rrird ouli
tnd beat hia hrad. allhoiiKb h* wa» el (•leMb'k
door, end raiard hiioarif u^mii hlavlbow.eiut irnl
fortouir of hia irMarda, and roniiuamlrd them to
kill Anli|Nitrr wiihoul any fiirlhrr ilrlay, ami lo
do it iirrt^ntll . and lo bury him in an tgiiqbk v
niennrr alillyri'anin.
('MAI*. VIII.
CMt«ni<iif /l«ro<<'« rUmfh. Mil Tiitamtnl, uh4
V-i'-I
11. Akhc wa« giylin|( thrir roniiiitmli lo bl*
rrlaliona. Ihrw ranie li-ller* from hia anilmi<|.
don, who had ItetM teltt to Honir unto ("ii-afir, . _ .,,
which, when Ihry wrra- read, thrir p<ir|)ort waa i the ri^'aidrniUrth of What w»ft MKVM?'iVt wa*"h«
thia: thaf "Ariiir >v«i tlniu hj Ca-aar, out of hit i fi»»firrd !•» fortune at liiiirh «« any man erer
Ml bow lleWHl altered hi*lriliiinrnl upon
(he alteration of hit mind ; for he tf|i)Hiii<tril An-
lipn*. to whom be hei| before left (br kinf do«i,
(0 br trtnri h of (Uhlrr and IVr.N. *nil Vieiitoil '
Ihr kiii)(doiii lo Arfhrltuii. Hr atao gnt« liuii'
•'•"HI 'I Trarhonili*, and I'aiiMi, to ri.dirf,
who waa bi»*9lt. but own briilhrr lo Arrbrhui,*
by the nenHi iff^ti tetrawhr, and lirriurrtlhe<(
Jaiunia, kwl Athdnil, and I'haaarlit, lo Snlomf y
hiliai«trr.Mf|lh flyr hundrni ihoiitaiid (dnli-hiu«J'
of tilvrr eh»l wat rolnrd. \l* aUo iiiadr jiMlS ■
»i»i«n for hM th*. rrtt of hi* fcinilrrd. by Ritinc.
Ihrin tuin* of money and nnnual mrnur*. and
•o Irft Ihrni ait in ii.wrallhy rnnililioo. ■ |(r tte*
iplralhrd klto m(;ie«arlrniiiilliona (of drtlchinie]
'm roinril.niojiey, hrtidrt bdlh vrtarU.oltfoldDnir
VIKrr, kiid Kaynif lit* r^rrrdinj coailv.ikii Jiiliii,
f jeaar'a wife; and to rrrtliHi ili^fn, livr lllilljon*.
Wben hr bad done thrte Ibinra.beilird.lhivVifth
day af(rr br had cautrd Aniipairr to be tliin;
hnviiii; rrifrnrd ainrr far had prorurrd AntiKOnua
lo he aliiin. thirty. four trnra;f but ainrr br had*.
Iiern drrlarrd kinp* by ttin. Koinaiit, thirty -•rvrnv^
A man he WB* o( great l>arl>arily towanU all nirii
r«|u*lty, and a ttave to bi* paction; hut abov«
■■0-
■■:''''<■>
indignation at wha( baniVthi hnil in Aniinairr'*
wickrd prartirr*; *Mtt Owt a* to Antipater him-
»eir. Cipiar left it to Mfl^nAd lo art at brrame n
lather anil a kinr, and rither lo baniah him or
(ak* away hia life, y/hii h he pirated." When
naroci beard Ihia, he wat tomewhat belter, out
Of the pirature he had from the ronteni* of the
•rlleri, and wa* elrvntrd at the death of Acme,
•ad at the powrr that wat given bim over hit
•on; but. at hit paina wrre hrcome vriry great,
he wat now K:*ily to fnint lor want of loitif thing
to aat; if he cf tied for an apple, and a knife; for
It are* hit cuttom fornirrtv lo pare tbp nmitr
bimielf, and toon afterward to cut it, and[ cat it,
Wben be had got the knifr, he looked aboot, and
had • mind to itab bimielf wjtb it; and be bad.
ttone it, bad not hi* 6nt contin,' Archiabut, pre-
•When III" here *ald,lliat Philip the Irlrarrh, and
Archelaiittlir klntnrrtl^arrli, wvrr>ti«.c«> y.r,r„
jT f « * ».'» « i rit l k t rii I fl li m e wiml* mean nwa tnlktrt,
erhornofthetamefkther and moilirr, Ihrre inual be
hereaqme mlelake; herauae ilirv had Inilerd tlir tame
blber, Herod, but dlllkreni moiber*; the former Clro-
Cira. ind Arrlielau* Mallhare. They were indeed
Willi UDaHa«ether privately at Rome like own bro-
tbnt;*Bd PbUlp wat Arthelaaa'a deputy when he warn
■::■'■'.'■■''_■. ■ ' 4« ' " • ','■■. , -
any man ever
waa, for from a private man he lieranie a hlngl.
and tl'ruilgh he were rnr^iiiTMiatril wiih trn thoS--
•and dangrrt, be got c|e»r of Ihem all, and ron-
tinuril hit llfr to a very old age. Hut (ben. a* to
the afliiirt of liii family and children, ii^ wbicb,
indeed, aixording to bit own opinion, he Wat alio
very fortunate, brcaute he Wat able lo conqOer
hit enemira. yet, in. my opinion, hr wa* li«i«(ii
very unfortunate.
2. liiit then Salome and Ateia*, before tba
king't death wat made known, iliamittrd thote
that wrre thut up in Ihr hippiMlraiiir, and lolil
, thrrn that the king imlrrrd Ihrni to go away lo
\theiF nw» landi. and lake tare of (beir owii af-
ffir*. which wat ctteemed by the nation a'^^fftT
benefit. And now the king'* death wa* mad*
public, when Salome and Alexa* gathered (be
lo have hleklnzdomroHArmedlo him at Itmne; eh. ll
win. .% aiutOf tlie War, b. II. rh. H. *erl. 1, whif h imt-
^.'■■\ .'^.
mary I* mrhapa all fbat Jow-pboa Intended by ibt
worda beforeii*.
fTheae number* of yean for lleradVi rekn. M, and
X7,ar»llie very eame with lho*e Of the War, b. I.eb.
mill. *<>rt. C, and are aniori| Hie principal rhronolo.
Rlral rhararler* betongliw lo the leini or deatta of Ho-'
rtd. ->Sw Hir*!^ oflhe EirtBg. p. IW— us
.•i--
-/'■■.
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEW*
toldicry Ingrtlini- in theimpkilhealrc at jcrirho
' tlii-.rint tWiUff they did wai, they rend Hf
■erupt tlirni) ami to by how inurti ArrlirUn»
npokc tfir iiiiirr f;i'iilly nnd cividy tii tin in, by io
ry, Ihiiiikiiiz niHcli did tlirv more liiKhly rtiniiiii nd liiin, and
III fur thi irjidt'lity and piod-tvill (n fiitii, nnd iiiitdo npiilifalion lu„l)iiij^ for the grant of what
M Irttrr, written ti> tlir loldir
loftiii^ llii'in toalliird hiaiiun Arrhrlniin, nllnin
he had amiointrd t'urllicir kin|j;, likn lidt'lily liiid
i^d-will. Aft'iT H'liicli, t'tulciiiy, who hn'd the
. Elng's acnl inlruKtcd to liiiii, nad thr king's tm-
tanieat, whicli wni (o lie of force no otncr'wiM
than an it should >tnnd when Cartnr had iiuptxtrd
it; io tlirrt! wan prt'sriilly an ncclnnialiou made
to AKVIaim, ni kiiiif, mid the aoldien came by
bandit and their coiiuiiniiilrrt with them, and pro-,
miied the >anie^oOd-wi1l to him, and readinesa
to lervc him, which they hail exhibited to Ile-
fod ; and thr-y praycil (iod to be iistiHtant to bini.
3. After this woa over, they prepared for hi>
'funeral, it being Archctaui't care (hat the pro-
ceision to his falhcr'i sepulchre ahould be verj
•uniptHoUs. Accordin);iy,''he brouKlit out all his
ornaments tr> adorn the pomp ol^ the I'uheral.
The bo<lr was carried upon a goldeii bier, eni-
broi^lereu with very precious stones of ercat
Taritety, and. It was covercd'X>vcr witb purple, as
well as lli^ body itself: he had a diagcni upoi^
his head, and above it It crown of i;oIB; lie a\fo
had a sceptre in his rijt;ht hand. About the bier
*i> were Iris son* and his numerous relations; next
to these was the soldieryi diltinjfniflhi'd acrord-
ing to their severnr countries nnd denominations;
and they were put into the following order: first
of all went hisjgunrds; then the bund of Thra-
cians; and after them the Oermans; nnd next
the band of Galatiaiis; cverrone in thkir habili:
ments of 'war; and behin<l these marnhrd the
' .whole army in the same manner as Ih'ey u<icd to
:o out to vvar, and as they used to be put in array
ly their muster-masters and centurions; *the»e
were followed by Hye hunilred of hit domestics
carrying S[>ice8. So they wont eight fiirlonps*
to Herodiuni; fur there by his own command he
was to be buried. And thus did Herod end )iis life,
4. JVoW'Archelaus paid him so ninch respect,
M to continue his mourning till the seventh diiy ; '
for so ninny days are appointed for it by the |nw
of our fathers. And when bo had given n trent
to the niultituHn, and left off his niourniii.l;^, he
went up into the temple; he had also nrjliinia-
tions ana (iraiscs given him, tvhich way soever
ha went, every one strivinp: with the rest who
ihpuld appear to use the iiiudest nrrlniiiatmns.
So he ascended a high elevation made for him,
•ud took his seat, in d throne made of gold, and
spoke kindly to the inutlilude, «nd declared
** with what joy he received their acclamations,
and the lunrks of the goo<l-ivill they showed to
bim; and .returned them Ihnnks th&t they did
not reniember the injuricj his father had don^
them^ to his disadvantage; nnd proiiiiscd them
he would Endeavor not to be behinidband wifli
them in>ewarding- their flarrity in hiti service,
after a suitable manner; but ttiat he should ab-'
Itain at present from the naimvof king; nnd that
he ihouKrhave the honor of tlm^ignity if Cic
ur should confirm nnd settle '
hiclvhis father had'innl'e; nnd
thev desired. Some made a caiiior that he
woiild ense them Of some of their nniiiint nay-
menls; but others desired him to r>>lense tjiose
that. were put into prison by Heron, who were
many r and bud been put there at several timet,
(ithen of them reiiuired that h^ would lake away
tbps)}. tuxe»-"whirn had been severely jajd iijmn
wbat was publicly sold and bouglit, SWAci^he-
laas contradicted tlicni in nolhing,ainc« lie vtf-
tende<l to do all thii)gs so as to^et the go<Nl-will of
the multitude to him, as looking upon that jrool--
will to be n grent step towards tTieprt.iervntii'in of
his gnvernnient. llereii)>on he went nod ottered ,
sacrifice to Uod.and theo' betook himself to feast
with his friends.
CHAP. IX,
How the Ptoplt,raaed a StdiHon afceinat Archt-
' taut, and kow A< lailed to Heme.
} 1, At this time also It wns, thn( some of tliu
Jews got together out of n desire of innovation.
They lamented MattlAm, and those thnt wer<;
slain wiih Mm ?fy'HeriVd, wlto had not any re-
spect poid them by at fuiieirul mourning, out of
tlin fear men were in of thot man; they Were
those who hail been condemned for pnllingdown
Ihb golden eagle. Tlie i>eoplc niade n great cla- ^
inor and Inmentation hcrcujton, and cast out "
sonic reproaches ai;ninst O'e King also, ns if thut
tended to alleviate tlie inlseries of the decenfed.
lire people n9<(«mblcd together, and desired of
Archeluiis, thiit, in wny of ruvenge on their nc-
count, he wouVl inflict ntinishment on thoac who
had been honort'd by llerod: and that, in tlie
first and prinripnl place, he would deprive that
nigh priest whom Herod had made, nnd nuiiiil
choose one more agreeable to the hnv, ami m
greater jiurity, to otliriuto as high iiriosf, Thi*
wns gmnled by Archelnus, aItlioU<j:h he Was'
might-Hy (irtVndeid nt their importunity, bemuse
he proposed to liini<clf to go to Kome iniiiiodiute'
ly, to look nfler Cn^snr's determination ntiouC
him. However, he stdit the*>genk;rnl of his forces '
to use nertiuasions, nnd^to tell Jlicin that the ..
dentil Which wns indicted on,*their friends iiU}
armrding to the ?nw; and to frpi-eseiit tt> theai
tlmt their petitions nbont'thesc thinf^s ivcre tiir-
ried to a great height of injury t6 biiii : that thi.
time wns not now pfbper (or such petitions, bitt
recpiiretl their unanimity until such liiiie ,aa he
should be established in the government by l^u
const ntbfCtc8ar|nn9 sbuutd then Vk come bark
tp theiii; for thin\he would then consult w'th
them in coininoD concerning the purport of th^r
petitions; but that they ought at present to be
quiet, lest they should seem seditious persons j
-.3: So when the kingi'liad suggested these
thingfi, and instructed his general in wh^t he
Was to say, he sent him away to the |5epplc; but
they made n clamor, and would not giv^ him
that
at give
testament | leave to spenk, and put hjni in danger of h>a'life> -
'' was on i and ns many more as \f[ere aesiroiis to Venture
this amount, that when th£ army would have put , upon snyiiic' t)penly anfi^iitlif^hich. nilght re
-i._ -i!_.i t- L. f.- L ■ ., . I (Juce theti»-j"
the diadein. on him at Jericho, he Would' not
cept of thdt honor^- which is usually so much
ning on m tnelr
tl.
a aPber inin<l,^and prevent thciii
desired, because it was not y^tilmidcnt that he j JiadCiiiore corici
who was to be principally concerned in bestotr», | perfoilnicd ° ' "
ingit, would give it him; although by hia accept-' vernPrtif/'
. ^ance of the government, he should |ipt waqt the I that, wli'
ability of reivardinp^ their kindues^'to him; and i those tftl
,thal It shtliihl be his ^ndeavor, as to all thjiitgs ' when Iw j
Wh.erein they werd concerned, to rirovc in every ' to lie pJK
mneGtbettcrth;<n his father." .Whereupon the
ftiiiUltude, as*it ta usual with •theiir, supposed
that the;4nttlaya of. those that etiter. Upon aiich
; gpvernnientt, declare the intentforts of those |hat
* At ei{ht «raih'a or furlong* tt day, a| here, HenxT*
rUneral, conducted to Mcradiqm.(whiclktay at the dii-
tancc from Jericho, where he dted'«Cf^ itaiia or-
;se*il rnnrscs;. because, thev
V'hf^e all their own wilf*
tfdabofliej^e' to their gci-
Qeta'thipg insuiTerahle,
'"'lr«,'tbi&j»hould Ipfe
^ar^ttoWent, nud tllat
H|^ could' fiOtj^t the acton
' wentori .Vvith thefr-ile-
nianileTj a'iHl iJlPSight all to
which i^ed ^^MM^ t1
'lA foiweeinsyjWKdiM^
Vh'en me}( I%tf«l4pit^wi
(Urlonga; Ofthe Wari b.M.'ch': xixUi. Met. b,KiU
I hare taken ap )i»4ew'tl)^^twcDty-flTe days ". »,
^
■-V
sighs afrert
be lawful 't
and being an
they incurred ;'^ajl
V*'. ■
nurti Arrlirlan»
f til till III, by ko
111111^111 him, und
e grant of whnt
Miliior tint he
uir nniiimt iiay-
to t'ltBie tjioie
eroii. who were
It •rvcral tim«t,
ivoutil (like ana;
rerciy lajil uimn
5ht. SWlA«^he-
it JUncA lie [>»).-
ln«(c(XNl-wiUof
upon that ):oo'l--
c pruervatii'iiU'f
ivi'iii aoil oftircU
[ himicir to featt
% ncuinat Ar'eht-
'o Hcmt.
thri( unine of tliu
« III' innovattun.
thoKC thnt nert:
had not any li-
loumine, out of
nan; tfitj- wcrft
for pnllin^tlown
isile n great cla- ^^
I, and cast out *.
I al«o, as if that
of ihf drreatnl.
and drsirrd of
nge on thiirnc
ent on those niio
ind that, in t/ie
uld deprive that
made, ami nuiiid
the law, ami oi
ich |irio»f. Thi!i
Itliolish he was:
irtunit^', Ijcrausp
tome iniiiK'diut«'
riiijiiation ahout
iWal of his fiircis ■
I iliciii thnt ihi- ..
heir fricmla iiai
pi-esent tC> theai
thinf^s ivcre c:ir-
t6 liiiii : that thi.
ich petitions, birt
mr.U tiiiie ,09 hr
Vernnient by l^e
icii U£ come bark
len coii'ult w'th
I purport of th^f
■t prcseiil to be
litious pertona ^
tof^grsted theie
eral in wli^t he
the peppic; hut
iM not ewh him
langer o? hi'lif*.-
liroiiB to Venture
which might ret
nd prevent thciii
Es; ueCRuae . thev
It their owii wilfii
jjre- to their gci-
lipH^ insuflerahlc,
t))<^^huu|d lo^e
:»Wci)t, and %^a\.
riotj^t the actors
on ,'vvith thefr.«le-
Kl ji^4^ht all tu
ixili. Met. bydnH
■flvcdays '.«,
BOOK xvii.-GttAp, tx;
353
^ \i
iuch • thing, y«t did the preient plt-aiura llivy | niidillint; nilh Ihrni, for lie wat there ■• miU for
took in the puaiihment of lhi»e they drenied , by Arihi'liiMBr by the niriuii of rtiiliniy. Attil
their enemiei, ovcrwcigh all luch cuntidrni- Sabi^iiii, out of reeard to Varim, did neither
tion«; and although Archcluui lent many to ' leize upon any of the cant lei that were amonr
■peak to thWiii, yet they treated them not a* { the Jew*, nor did he irHl up the treinurei in
nieitenrer* tent by him, but ai |iert(ins that them, but ^H'rniitted Arehrhiiin to have them
came orthcir own accord to mitigate their anger, I until Cieiiar thouhl declare hit re'ulutiun about
and wonld not lat one of them ii|i«ak. The m- them; ■(> that, upon ihii hit proiiiiie', he tarried
dition alio nrai made by such at were in a gr^at | itill at Cietarea. • Uii^^iTter Arclieliiiiii wan tailed
pattiqn; and it wat evident that they were pro- 'for Ronir, aud Variiii wa* rVniond to Aniioch,
(ceding farther in tcditioui practicet, by the Sahinut went to Jerutalein, and tr iicd on the
niultilude't running to Taut jinon them. kin(;'ii palace. He alto tent for tin; kecperi of
3. JVow, u|lon the apiH-oiloh of that fiatt of iin- the gnrritiint, and for all tljoiie that had the
(eavened bread, which the law of their fiKlii'r^ charRe of Ilirc.ir» elfert", niid declared publicly,
had ajipointeil for thc.JeHt at thit time, which , that he 0>o<dd reipiire thcin to-give an aiToiint ol
fcitt It called the I'uitover,* and it a iiieiiiorltil i what they had: and he diipoicd of the labile? in
of their deliverance out of Rgypt, (when they the manner he pleated; buttliniie who kept them
olTer lacriiicet with errcat alacrity; and when ' did not iieglrct what Archelaut had givin them
they are required to «)ay iiiore ihirriliivt in mini
biir than at aiiv other feitival, lind when an in-
numerable multitude came (hithct out of Ihc
country, nay, from beyond its liiuittalio, in o^iler
to worthip (iod;) Iho aeditiijut lamented Jlidnt
and Matthias, thote tenchert of the laws, and
kept together in the temple, and had plenty of
, fooil, because thcto tcditiout persons were" not
atham^d to heg \t. And at Archelaut wat afraid
Ust tome tvri'ible thing should spring up by
means of theto iiicn't madness, he sent a regi-
ment of iiruted men, and with them a captain of
a thousand; to suppress the violent elforts of the
seditiou.t, before the whole multitude shoiiht'be
infected with the like niadncsi; and gayi; them
thit charge,, that if they found any much more
■*penly aeditiout than others, and more busy in
tumultuous practices, they thould' bring them to
•him, But thoM^tfiat Were teditious on account
of those teachers of the law, irritated the p<'ople
by the noite and clamors they uicd to encouraire
the people in their designi; to they made an as-
sault ui'on the soldiers, and tfauie up to thciii,
■dd ttoned the <", .test parf of than, although
tome of them r«i. vay wounded, and their x-a\t-
tain among them;': .1 when they had tliii' done,
they returned to the tarrificea. which v. ire al-
ready" in their hands. 'Now Archelaus thought
there Wat no way to preserve ^hc entire govern-
ment, but by cutting off those who made this at-
tempt upon it; m he seut out the whole army
upon them, and sent the vhprsenien'jo prevent
those that had their teiits without the temple, from
assisting those timt were within the temple, lind
to kill such as ran away from the footmen when
they thought themselves out .of (jiinger. wliiili
horsemen slew thfce thousand iiicii, while the
rest went to the neighboring mountains. Then
did Archcluus order prochnimtioii to be made to
theiu all, that they should retire to their own
homes; so they went away, find li-rt the festival
out ofkfear of somewhat worse wliicli w6iddi>fol-
tow, although tliey had bepn so hold by reason-
of their want of inglriKfion. So Anhelai^ wVnt
down to tl,\e sea with hit mother, nnil took with
him Nicolaus-and I'toleniv, and niujiy otlieraof
hik friendsi, and left Pliilfp, hit brotlirr, and go-
vernor of all things belonging botji to hk own*
family aud to titv public. There went out also
with him' Salont;, Hero^d's sister, who took with
her her children, and many of her kindred were'
-with her; which kindred W hers went, as they'
pretendi(.d, to assist Archehut in gaining the
kingdom, but. in reality to oppose him, andcliielly
to make loud eomplaints ,of uliat he li»d done in
the temple. But .Sabinuil, Caesar's steward , fir
Syrian affairs, as he. was omkiiig haste into
. Judca,.to preserve Herod's, ellects,' m^t. with
Archelaosat Cnpsitrea; but Varus (prCsidcnt of
Syria)' came at that time, and restraiiivd him from
•Thiapassover, when the sedition here mentioneil
wat moved auainst ArclielaiK, was not one, hut tliirtcen
Bwntbi, after tluiechtiie of the muoiv^lriiail'y uietitione^.
epl tlieiii ail for
-. 'I Kiviii
in Command, lujt riiniiiiued tii. keep all things in
the giaiiiier th^t hud Imi n eiijpiiuil tlieiii; and
their pretence was, that they kei
Ciesur.
4. At the same time, also,.did Antipas; another
of Herod'i sons; sail to Home, in order to gain
the >gnvcinmii;nt ; being buoyed up by Salome
with pnapies, that he should lake the govern-
hient; aW tbat lie was a much hoiiestir and
fitter man than Archelaus fur that authority;
tiiire Herod had, in hit furmertestament, deemed
him the wortldest to be innde kiug, which ought
to be esteemed more valid than his latter testa-,
ment. Antipns alaobrouglitwiih him liiamother,
and I'toleniy the brothi^r Of iVicidaus, one that
had been Herod's iiiost honored friend, and was
now lealuiii for Aiilipas: hut it watjreinus the
orator, ami one who, onmxount of his repufation
for sagacity, was intrusted with th?f affairs of the
kingdonr, who most of nil encouraged hiiii to at-
tempt to ga'n the k^igdoin; by whose iiiVans it
was, that wtien tome ndviied him to yield fo
Archelaus, as to his elder bi-othi^r, and who had
been declared king by their father's last will, he
would not tiibinit 8o;t<> do. And when he wa»
come to Rome, all hit ri'latioiis revolted to' him
not out of their good-will to him, but oul-of their
hatreilto Archdaus; though- indeed they were
most of all devout of gainiiig'their liberty, and
to be put under a Romnii governor ; but if 'there
were too great an o|>poHitioii m&de to thai', thfy
thouglit Anlipas prelenible to Archehnis, and to
joined with hiiii, in order to procure the kingdom
for liiiH. Sultiiius also, by letters, accused Ar-
chelaus to Casar. , ■■ .
a. Now, when Archelaus had sent in his pn-
')>er« to Cietar, wlierLiu he , pleaded his right To
tb<; kingdom, and his father's testament, with
the account' of Herod's uioiiey, and with I'to-
leiiiy. who brought Heruil's seal,'h^ so expected
the event; but witen (,'ii'siir had read these
papers, and \'arus's and Sidiiiiiis's letters, with
the Bccoiiul of the miiiiiy, aud what Were the
annual nvenues of 1;he,|^ingi)imi, and uhilerstood
that Antipiis had also sent letters to lay claim to
the kingduiiiwho suiiinionifl ,hi« friend* togetlioi*,
td kuiiw their opinions, iHid with them Caiits,
the .«oii of A^rippa', and of Julia his daughter, •
wh,oin he had Adopted, and luiil^ him and Miade
him »it first of nil, atl '
speak their mind
leni. ?»ow Alitipnter, Salome
rir, lind a bi
/
r
\
siiblle\)rat(j
vpoke first t
, iiud desii'i'd such lis pleased tip
s aRoiit the allVirs now befo|j|. .
jter, Salome's son, :i*.yery.;',
bitter 4!nriiiy to Archtf^^)^*!
, this purpose: ll>at"" it »v is rliTicu*-' '.
lolls in Artlielaiisto plead now to Iium lliekiiig-
doiiigiyeii hiiil, sincn. be had in reality tiikcn '
already the power oVe^it 'to himself, before
CiiirFar l|ad granted it In liini: and a^ijiealed to
thd^e'. bob! action*' of his, ill destroying sirfunny,
at the Jewish festival, ami, if the lii'en hatrBct^ed
uiijust^v, it wa!* but fit the piftiisliiiig of them
thpuld haviibeen i'eserved to those that were, out
of the country, but had the powtr to piiuith '
th«mi andi not bein executed by a man that; if
* ■ ■ . » -
■ I'V- ■ ^^ ■'■ ■
354
ANTIQUITIRS OF THiE JEWS.
*.
h( pretended )o be a king, h** iMd in injury ln[
C'c<ii<r, by uturping that nuthority bffure jt nra»
detcrinincd fur him by Ctcsar, but, if be owned
hiuiielf to be a private pcnon, hia caie w» much
worse, time he who waa^tting in fui' the king-
dom, could by no nlcan* expect .to Have that
power Er.inted him, of tidiich h% had already de-
prived Cirinr [by takin;j; it to hiroieir.] He alio
touched iharpiy upon him, and appealed to hit
cliant(ing the coninranderi in the army, and hii
«it(iii|; ill t^e royal throne beturehand, and hia
dctcrinination of lawiuitn; all done at if he were
no other than a king. He appralrd alio to hit
conceiiioni to thoie that petitioned him on a pub-
lic account, and indeed doing such thingii, than
which he cOiild devite no greater if he bad been
already tettled in the kingdom by Caesar. He
also ascribed to hijii the rtlvaiing of the prison-
ers thut were in the htppodroine, nnd many other
things, that cither had been certainly dune by
him, or were believed to be done, and easily
might be believetf to have been done, because
they tyere of such a nature, as to be usually done
by young nitn, and by such as, out of a desire of
ruling, seiie upon the gnverninent too toon. He
also cnurged itim with the neglect of tljm funeral
luourniiig for his father, and with hnSg incrry
meetings the very night in wh^ch he died; and
thut it was thence the multitude tqok the handle
of raising a tumult; and if Archelaut could thus
requite his dead father, who had bestowed such
bencfiti upon him, and bequeathed such great
things to njm, by pretending to shed tears for
him in the daytime, like iin actor on the ttage,
but every night makin^r mirth for haying gotten
the government, he would appear to be f he tame
Archeliiut with regard to Ciesar, if he grahted
him the kingdom, which he hath been' to hit
-father; aince be had then dancing and singing,
at though an enemy of hit were fallen, and not
at though a man were carried to %i^ funeral,
that wat to nearly related, and had be^so great
a benefactor tO' him. But be taid that'thc gri:at'
est crime of ull wat this, that he came now before
Caesar to obtain the government by hit "grant,
while he haid before acted in all thiiigs as he
could have acted if Cietarliimself, wUSp ruled all,
had fixed him firinty in the governiiifnt. And
what hp niost aggravated in his pleading, was the
tiaughier of -tlMOse about the temple, and the im-
piety of it, as done at the festival ; arid how they
were slain like sacridces themselvei, some of
whom were foreigners, and others of their own
country, till the temple was full of dead bodies;
and alf this was done, not by an filipn, but by one
w1)o<prct<indcd to the lawful title of _a kin|;, that
he might completl! the wicked tyranny which his
nature prompted him'to, and which is hated by
alt inen^< J)n which accoilnt his father never to
niuch'lu cfreamed of jiiakingliini his successor in
..the kingdom, when h^ wnt af a touitd mind, be-
cause he knew his disposition: and iVi hit former
and more authentic testamenf, he appointed his
antagonist Antiiiasto succeed ; but thut Archelau*
w^ called by his father to that dignity, when he
was in a dying condition, both of body and mind,
' while Aiiliipus was called upon when he was
ripest in his judgment, )<hd of sucif strength of
bod^ at made him capable of mannging his own
aiTairs; and if his father had the like notion of
hiqi formerly that he hath now shewed, yet hath
'be given a sufficient 8pccii{iei>what'a hibg he it
likely to be, when he hath^[in effect] deprived
Csesar q/that |Hiwer of disposing of Ihe'ltin^doin,
which he_^uAly hath, and hath nut abstainedfrom
idbking a tf^rrible slaughter of his fellow-citizens
•jiv the teniule", while he was but a private persrfn.",
6. So wnen Ant ipa'tcr "had made this speech,
',!l|id.had confirmed what he liad(taid by proda'
'einjg.- many witnessjfs from among ,A>chelnut't.
own relations, be made an end of ,fiis pleading/
V)>on which i^icolaus arose up t)»pleau for Ar-
d4laui,,abd said, 'That what jtatl been (iqne at
\i#.
'^'^^
the temple wat rather lo>fae attribiltfd to tha
mind of those Ihnt had beei^illciK than lu the
authority of Arvhelaut; for Iwt those, who ard
the authors of luch thingit an not onlj wicked
in the injuries they do of themiclves,' but m
forcing lomr persona to aveugi themselvct upon
them. Now, it it evident that what these did in
way of oppoiilion wat done under pretence in-
deed against Archelaui, but io reality again*!
Cwtar bimtelf; br they, after ait injuriout ntan-
ner, attacked ariki slew thoie who were tent by
ArchelauB, and vifao came only Id pjit • itop to
tbeir.doings. .Tney had oo regard, either to God
or to the ^ttivJl, whom Antipater yet is not
ashamed to patrAaiie, whether It be out of hit
indulgence ol an fenmity to Archelaut, or out a'
his hatred qf virtue and juttke. For as to thoiv,
who begin tuch tuni^iltt, and fi(rit set about tuch'
unrighteout action*, llhry areaiie men who force
those that puniih Jtheni to betake theiitielviii«tii
arms even against Iheir willi. So that Anti|)at< r
in effect atcribe'k tlie rest of what wat done to till
those who were of Icourisel to the accusers, tor
nothing which it here accused of injustice hat
be«n done, but whok was derived^rum them as
ilt authort; nor are those thiagt evil in them-
lelvet, biit to refireiehted only in order to^du
harm to Archclaiit. Such. are these men's. incli-
nations to do an injury lio « man that iv of their
kindred, their father's benefactor, and Buliliarly
acquainted witjh|.them, liiid that hath iv^Jivettiu
friindrhip with'tl^ii; for that, lis tgi this testa-
nieiit, it watnttffirby the ling whc^ lie wat ot a{
sound mind, and so ought to M of more authority
than bit former testament,! ami that fortbitrea-
tbn, bectuie Cvtarit thef^n left to be the jiidgo
and diipoier of all thereief contained; and lor'
Ceesar, he will riot, to be sure,. aV all Imitate the
unjust proceedingt of thotc luen', ,wh(](, during
Herod't whole life, had on all iKUsiont ' been
joint partakers «f power with him, and yet do
zealously endeavor to injiire bit determination,
whjle they have not themselves had^be tame re-
gard to their kinsmen [which AroHelaut had ]
Ciesar will not therefore disannul the te^taf^cnl
of a man whom he had entirelv.supportedi of bii^
friend and confederate, and tnat which 'it com-
mitted to him in trust, to rtftify; nor willCiamii^i
^virtuous and upright dis|jOKition,whicl> it known
and uncontested through all the habitable world,
imitate the wicl^i:flness of these men in condemn-
ing a king as a inadman, and as having lost his
reason, while he hath bequeathed the succession
to a good son of his, and to one "who dies io
Oicsar't upright determination for refuge. Nor
can Heroa at any time have been mistaken in his
judgment about a successor, while he showed to
much prudence at to tubniit all to Ctetar't deter^.
minalion."
.7. Now when Nii^laut had laid these things
before Cieaar, ' he ended his plea; whereupon
Cxsar was to ^obliging to Archelaus, that he
raised him utf when. he had dait himself dwit\f at
his feet, and said, that'*'he well deserved the
kingdom;" and he soon let him kno^w, thut he
..was to far moved id his. favor, that he would
not '%ct otherwise than hitfather't testament .di- ,
reeled, and 4han wat for the ^vantage of Ar-
chelaus. However, while he gave thi^ enctyir-
ogcmcnt to Archelaus tokdepi^nd on him securely,
be made no^full determination about him; and,
when the assembly was broken up, be considered
by himself, whether he should confirm the king-
dom to Archelniis, or Svhether he thduld part It
among all Herotl's. posterity; and (hit becaijse
'they all stood inlieed of mMchaiiiitance'to.t^'p-,
port theni. •
V ■ "' 'dHAP,X. '■ * .
Jl Stdilion ofihtjtwmgairwt Sabinut;andhoiii
Varfit brought tUt.^ulhor* of it Io PunUhmtnl.
} l-'fivfl before these things could be brought
to a settlement, Malthace, Archelaut't mothci^
':}.■- "■"■
'4
frlJ i
OBI>i<
infill
lifter
in»<
piiiiii
iitf tJ
greni
lllg r
^ihe J
VdllO
to th
and I
forci
their
them
tfppri
distb^
utrd
l»ro»s
•irder
lu\ e (
*>
afatt
lortfii
> ^ot ti
the k
inudn
'd th
lians,
I ho,
' Jordn
multit
i\er«
''assaul
him;
and c
ing «
mil o
"tlvcs
the so
band
(hF'fi
tirely
IncJe
Mho I
\<,ry (
thougl
rnrmi
rui<, Bi
uith h
JiiH as
« v^frc I
iiini>l
ivhiU
p of thf
, in lin
mid c
nini t(
» Vgnal
f allhon
to «0[
• imght
selttt
Howci
'>ut pf
« here I
aiUtrs
' tliiir r
thut t(
-i)ut thi
Clqiste
4>^ te
tinned
ly wi(
'■•aee
War,li
t Tin
hero, ,ni
liilVC I
-^V:--
ilirib'utcd to th*
U'lK than lu the
thoie, who arD
uol only w>ilit<i '
iiriclvrii,' but m
th«iiiiH;lvet upon
ihut tUtius did in
der pretence in>
I renliljr ■gsiiitt
n injuriou* mm-
bo were tent by
to Jl)lt • Mop to
ird, cither to God
ipater yet ia not
It be out of hit
htlitut, or out o!
For at to thoav,
>t (ft about tuch
e men who furct*
ke thenitelviii'ii)
)o that Anti|)»tcr
t wsi done to till
the accusers, tor
of injustice hat
3)0froin them at
gt evil in them< . '
in order to^du '
hete nicu'i.incii-
that iv of their
ir, and Butiliarly
liath i.'v#Jive() in .
as to this testa-
whcK be WBf ot a^
o( utoreauthoriiy
that for tbit rca- '
rt to bethejiidgo
ntained; and lor'
It'' all huilate the
en", ,wh(^ during;.
L iKcaiiont ' been
him, and yet do
it determination,
had^be tame re-
iVroRelaut had.]
ul the teitar^cnt
supported^ of hii^
It which 'it COOT-
; nor will Ciatji^r^i
, whic^ it known
s habitable world^ -
lien in condemn-'
> having lost his
ed the succetaifpn
one "who diet to.
for refuge. Nor
n mistaken in his
ile he showed to.
to Caitar't detert. .
laid these things
plea;' whereupon
chclaus, that he
. himself duifp at
roll deserved the
rii know, that he
', thai he would
r't testament .di- ,
ravantago of-AV-
;avc thi^ encqpr-
I on htm securely,
About hini; and,
ip, he consiitcred
Eonfirni the king^
lie tnduld part it *
ind (hit becaijse
Bttiitance'to.iijp-^
?a6inu«; and hoit' .
'it lit PunUHmtnt.
could be brought
chelaua't mothe^
■•.'^WK*-
y.
fril rntri
I'HIlil'
lose rxcri'iHtn.
id. {he Itoniuna
385
A.) tb«
grAi
COOK XVItvr^tWAP. X.
to rdlwrmpfr. and'died of it; finif Ultert Iwiing; iiiui:l| iiJ<>d to (iioi
froiii Varus, th<- prrsldvnt (if !<yriu, nhich arrlk-rs iilao in array' d'h
i„l„r,mMl Ct.sar of the revolt of th,. J.w,, fur. .Un| of .i.iM hi.f; bt;.-,,,,,*' tl,;''* .".Vc.i'tru ir Imnd*.
uftrr Archelaut wnvia,U-.l. Ihdulinlr nittiun (vttt. dr».lm)n>l> from a pla.-t.' suni r'ior U. Ihr olhcri
.n a tumult . So Van.,, sn.ce h- „.„ iLvre hiu.- and b,:c,.u,.- H... .„| .r* Her.' J ,m u U r „ vh"l
-If, brought th« •mhor, of the di,t,.rbiince (6 l» .lo; fur when thej tried t,. .l.,",t , ir ar^owi
pniiinhniriit;. and when he had ri'HtraiHrd.theni — "'— ' " - ' • •■ ..■■ ■• iiiruiT»
i.ir Ship most part froni'thissidiltoit, -which wntu '
j;rrat one, he took his joiirniy to Aniioch, l.av-
ing bne li'gion of his aniiy hi JrruiiHlrin to k<rp
^the Jews (jui^t, who wore ntnv v.ry fond of innu-
vniion. \*t did not lliis at all avnil tu piitnii iqd
t.i that their ««<iilion; for after Vurns was {,'mie
niMU-, Httliinus, Cicsar's pro(UTator,'stoi(t lichiitd,
and greatly liislri'ssfd. the Jrw^, relVm:? (,„ ih«
forct» that iterfi left tlwrr, that tlity )void(l by
their iiiHllitiidc iiriil<;cthiin: for Im> inaile us<> of
iheni.and iiiuiiti) (hem m his guiiril^.tltcreby so
«lj>prfs«ing thi- Jew-t anti giving Ihiiii Jii gnat
diiturhanre; Ihnt iit hnglh they rebelled.; for he.
u»fd forre.iirieiiiii;^; lilt: citadels ftmf teidously
prensed on 'th»< feur.-h after the king's iiionev, iir
•frder.to *(;iic upon it by force, on licniiini of his
lot e of gnin, and his e\°lrn<)rdiniipy ci.V(loH'<ije»8.
2. But oil the apiiioaeh of .IViiItiCHit, wliicii is
a fMtival of our*, w called iio'iii the. iliiv.s of our
iiirtliitlicrii, a gi-eat ftihny ten llioi?«iiiiil» i>f men
got together; nor did ihi-y lithiieoidv to celehrale
the fustivnl, but out of their iildla'oatiiiii at the
inudnesa of Sabinut, tfiid lit tht;
. .1 .1.....? 1 . _._ ..' , . . ■ . ■
ugiiinst the Jiw. upwards, these nrnjws could
not rtnib_them. iiisoniuch that the J, ws were -
vBiMly too hard lur their t-neiiiie*. And tlii.< sort:
oMight Htled a great whd. . till »t la,t (he llo. "
niaos. who were jpreally dUtre-M-.l by what *at
(lone, set hre 10 tlie doistert so nHCat.U- that
IhoBO who wen gotten upon theiii di.l i,;,i i,,.,.
cenc It. riin fire lieinj,' fed by a gn at denV of
coiii.ustibre mntter.t caught lu.dd iiiimo'diaiely
on the^ropf pi the cloisters; to the wood. wW\
wilt hill of pitc'h and'wax, and k1.o«. guld'was
l.tid on jt with wax, yiehled to (he llunu, pre-
sently. and those vast works, whleh were Wthi
highest \ aliic and esteem, were dctlruv«£ iit>
teily. while those that we/c on llie ro-»r5«-».
pectedly perished at the. same' tjme; lor. ,h lh«
roof tniiibled down, siime of the»e ineu (niiiMed -
down wi^gt andolhi:r.4 of theiu.Hi.|-,. killed by . ,
IheiivciiMpi who eiMOinpi).«ttid them. There
was i> greSTnunibcrJUar*, wli.,>, <mt <H despair of-
saving their lives, anil out of usloi,i,hmeiit at th*r. ''
iiiiMiy llmt surroiilHled them, did either cat*
tlKniMelvev into the lire, pr threw theiaselve*
.1, r . . "^5" ,"' ?''''J"''''''''-'''''''''M"l'"''''''«^>''o»vn*'wwkand so got out of their
them. A B'-'^tJ»'^»l;*|:jl;«';'; «vusof t;.dl. mi-ery. Kjitatfo those ^h»trefte.rllehimrth*
lians, and Idiinieqns, iind'niaiiv men froiii Jerir.
I ho, and others who had |ias»cd over the riyet
Jordan, and. iiihal^ited those |>arl9. This whole
inultitudi: joined themsclyeS to all the ri'st, and
were more r.eidous than the others in making hii
''assault on Sabinus, in orikr to be nven^'eil on
hiin; tothe/linrted thcmsehes into tlifeebandt
and cncainpri) (hemselvi<s iri. the places follow-
ing some of them si'iied unon llio hippodroiiic ;
mil of the other two bands, oiie pitched them-
-flvti from the northern' part of the tvinple to
the southeru, (jn the ea«t_(pi»rlcr; but the lliird
band held the western p'Tirt of th« city 'where,
the 'king's palace- h»s. Tlieir- work^tciided en-
c^ircly to besi.e^'o the Romans^ and to enclosf;
ae/fi on all sides, iNoiv, JSiliimn' wa»,nfriii(liof
(hi-L men's imlniber. and ol' their rrsoliitioii.
fell >n this lujtlle, giiew-d tlieiii. a.s did al«> tj&it
plim-friiiitoiPie iii«iie/iledical«U toi'HoU in the
t.niple. />%;mdiiigly,t|iat body'ol' thein.vhich
who had little regard to tl.;iriiv;.;^,;awm; i^'mil^ld^i:^";,:;;^! ir^lll^.^:;^^
',V7.±''.'"'""' ■'",'■ f"' '"■ "'"••"."'•■V^tHlc Jl'.;y- s<t fire.to it .ami kill a I ihoTw" e i h Yet sliU
thoughtit a point of puissance to of 4|coinetlH»ir ' •'—'- -- i- ■ .. " •= •" >\- »u,siiii
Mieniiee; 80 he Bi>ntim)iiiiliate(y u
ir. «aiiie way by which thfty ateended. and thereby
ir e.Hcapeil, they were all killed % the Roman's, at
- beiily unnnued men.' and their coiirngc iiiiling
theiii; their wild fury bcing^jiow not able tohehj "
th«m. beCBUte they were destitute of arnior:
insomuch, thut,|f those that went up to the top
ot the roof, notAiie wicajiod. The Romans alto'
ruiihcd throiijjji the tire, where it gave theiiii«)oui
so to do, amBseized on that treasure 'Wlierc the
sacred mon^tiyns. rrpoiAed; a great part of
.Which wasifWIcn btth«y soldiers, and Sabiuui
^ot Olienly four bnndred^lcnls. 1 ,
.). Hyt this calamity (iS' the Jews' friends, wW
ms
h'.
)ri.«sing 'no
and. as he used to . ._
with him,!And cntriiited him'to conic qiitckiy to 'i'ii
Jus Bisislance, becun^c the fyrcn be had I. ft se,
. w^rc 111 ininiiiient <lnhger, anil w-oidd. probably, tl
III no long time, be seiicd upon, nndcut to piece's
vihih T.e did himself get up to the liigliest.to\y«r
, ol thi- lortrcss Phasiieliii, jvhich had been built
. in honor of rhasacliw. king JlVhid's brotficr.
Olid cidlod so ivhen tlie farihiani liiid brongh't
Rini to his death;*. So Sabinns-glixc thjiice a
'ignal to the Romans to fi "
eoine tli^ir l^the/ifommandcd thcmto go out presently^ and
Iter to \ »- I proii.iseiL that ifthev would do «.. th.y,.%ul,l
nor Saliinns noiiher
y,-Ji
at which
^lest iiart of the king'jj troops de.
11.' while jiuluS and tirSius, iVho had
ah
W*Ht
biind (
Hihich -itst
IloWeV
, of the iiTp.«t warlike of llerod't
iitjl. who Were nitn olactivi; bodies,
> the Romans. • Thcrci was also a '
lepjen uiidet the coiiiniand of Rufut,
•ijtcnt "bver to the Romansi/also. ■
, ... J^ws went on with ilie.tiege, and*
dug mines under the palacp iVidls, aftd. be»oi*ht
thnsc that were g»ne over to tin; other side.*ot =
to be their hindrance, now they liad such a pro-'
pir opjiortunity for the' cecoverv of Jhcir court-
try's uiiiMeut liberty;, aiid for Sabiniit, tritly he
was de»liou» of going, away with his soldieh.
,-, . . ,.,..- U|)on the Jc»y!f,
• .nithoiigh he. did not hiviselfveiiture so inuc!i at
to tome d.)wn to his friends, and thought he
• imght expert that the others Bhouhl expos.- th.'iii-
>el».s fir^ to die, on ur/ounl of bis avarice.
"lefcin thS'fc ?.!,.;/ irnf "'*■. """■.''^'^ oiWircp^ot ol^what niitchkf he had already donw
« lertin, though It is true the Romans beat their iheui; and ho took this ereat fhrdtendedTl. dtv
yhat Vafus was coming, he still lH>r^ the sImjc.
4. No»v,- at tliis tini'cthcre were ten thoSsawi-
other di.«ordert in Judea, which were like tii-
liiultt; because a great Onnibrr put thriiiselv.iA.*
intou warhkc posture either out of;honfts of gain
tolhfnisetvet, or out of enmity to -theTJews. In '
whfljietime tircri; were 18,000 worlimen toniiAiialJv •
empkwcd in rcliuildinit anil repairlnit that le'inple, ai '
JoBj^lms iiifornio u»i Anl1.|. Ii. i», cli. ix. sect. 7/- i^o
lliciigtcuittliBudufa. ■ . • , , ,■ ■ ■ ,
that 'terrible tiaughter that was made of them,
-hut they went^round about, and Kt(*» upon those
Clqist«rt which cncampasrfed jt^'oifter court of
t^ie temple., where a great /ight wal.ttillVon.
tinned, and they cast stoiitjait t^B JteliiaMs. fiart-
ly with their hands and" Partly njfh "klings, at
«,"*'*? ^"'i''- ''""'' "'*• <'''/*nl. lection 10,-aiid Of the
War, li. 1, rh. xxi sect. i1. y ' '
t Thesoi're.it Uevaslatirtiis ni.\do nliolfll tlie u>mi»ie
hero, .qiKl qrthe \\,xx,f/,\. ,-u: !i\.^.^,. a, teem hOI lo
Invc I'gi)
\
,#.
frertr
. ■ rt)j iijl I
'r
#'■
■ ••>■'■' ■■■■ ''-»■'■ ^3
'W
.366
particular, Jtvo thouiind of Heroil'told ioUi«r».
' wiu) |i»(l btTii Blrcttiljf ilinbanilcd, ({iit together iti
Juil^a ilm-lf.Mrta fuuglit agaiiist tliukiiig »tru8piij
■tthougU Archiabut, HerQd'»firitcou«iii.O|>no»«l
theiu;T)Ut ni ho «a» driven out of tlie plain* into
• the luouiitainoui paftn, by tlie lutlitw) iltill "f
tJioM lucii, he liept liiiiittlf in the fM.lntiM!» that
wer^'therc, and luved wliut he could,
5. There won alfo Judaa, the ion of that K»e
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
iiicn. He hud alto four bretlircn, whd w.crc tall
tlien thtiinelvii. and wer.' IWiUtved to Ik. fupe-
rlor to other* in the ilrengtll j)l tlieir h^ida and
tlien l)y were. eniouf»|i[«l to *ini at great thinga.
nml lliougiit that .trengih of their* wuiild,.upiu.rt
them in retaining the kingdom. F.aih of lfie»«
ruled over a bund of men of hi» ovuBi-for Ihoae
that got together to them were very nuuierooj.
Thev were every one of theiii*l»o foniniitnder* ;
'%..
1 There wan also Judaa, the ion of that Kte- They were every one oi uieiii »..u vu........,^....
Ui»^lh7ha7be'ffl Jf the'robber., whii^h but. Wn the, .^..ne '» ««''•. ',t^>^Ji^™,,:tT»
lE*eki,k wa* « rer, .t.ong man. ami had with .l!-»teto,h.m. ami fought Tor lii.u.wM^^^^^^
freat dilliculty been caught by Herod- lni»
■Mui having gotten together a multitude of
Irien of • nrolHgute character about Sejpliorii in
Ualilev, made an alMUlt upon the i)al|<ce [there,]
and *iied upon all the weapon* that were laid
up in it, and with them armed every oneof Ihoic
thai were with liini, and carried away what mp-
liey wa« left there ; and he becuiuc terrible to all
men, by tenring and rending llipse tliul caniu
liefU' him; and Si this in order to raise hlniMll,
aAd out of art Biiibitiqul deiire. of the royal ilig-
oiti' ; and he hoped to obtain that as B reWard,
not of his virtuous skill in war, Ijut uHiia « Mra-
vagance in doinjt injuries. ^m
6. There Was also Simdh, who badWIn a slave
8f Herod the king, but in other respects a coiiie-
ly ucrsoiii of a tall and rolmst body ; he >y»s qiic
that was much sujierior to otiiers of liis qrder,
anil had had great thing* coimiiittcd^ his tare.
This man wos elevated at the disorderly slute'ot
things, and »vas so bpld as to puta diuifeui onhij
head, while a certain number of the people stqod
\m him, and by theih hp was declared to be w
fcing, and thought himself mofc worthy «il 'hat
dignity than Biu one else. He burnt iiiviw the
ruvai lialaie a^ Jericho, and plundered what was
left ill it. He iTIso set fire loi iimiiy others of the
kiug'i houses in several places of. the country,
and utterly destroyed theiii, and permitted those
that »vere with hiin to take what >v«s left in
thoin for a prey; and be would hiivc iloiic
greiltcr things, unless tare had .been taken to re-
press li«n( immediali'lyi fof Oratu*. when he had
loined himself to some Roman soldiers, took the
lllliati, ,w ,1,11,, ...... w^-p—- --- 'ill I
diadem about his heatT, and assembled a counci
to debate about whnt things should be done, ahd
all things were dime accordingfito Ins pleaiure.
And tbv man retained his power a gfeat win'e;
he wa« illso called king, and ha<l nothing to hin-
der htni from doing whiil hcjdeused* lie al.i>.
as will as his brethren, slew n Krea»mattji. boil.
of tln^ llonmm and of flie king's liiices, and ma-
naged nmltert with the like hatred to each ol
them. The king's forces they fell uiion, became
of the licentious comtuct they had beenaiMottH*!
under- Herod's government; and . they lell upon
the RQinans, because of the injuries tht^ had »..
lately received from thenu but, in process ol ■
time, the}- grew niorc«rueAto ^ sorts of. men,',
norcouUfany one.escniie from pile or ottiej; ot,,
these seditions, since (hey tlew *0iii?ql4t of tli.-
hopes of iniin, und otli^w* from a liierc eustui.i
o.f sluying mem I'hev owje ullackedu compaii\
of nomuiit at Kimiiau;. who w.rc bringing eovi-:
and wea|ions tu ihc army, and fell upon Arw.
the centuiidn< 'Who Coinniamlnl the compniijp •
and shot fori v of tlie best of his loot-soldiers;
Init the rest' of them werfc nlVnglited at tluii;
»l«iighter, and left tlti'ir denil behind tlnni, liul.
saved Ihemselve* by thfc ine-lin of tir(itas, who •
came with the kipgs troops that vvefte about him
to their Bssi»(l(nce. No*,' ,»hese Qtir l)retl^r(ll
continued thei'wnr a' long While by such sort i.i
expeditions, and much grieved the Rnmaii'*; boi
did tbiiir njim nation aljo n great deal of mi«-
jchief. Vet were lliey afterwiiril Subdued; oiii
of them jn *" fight with tiralus; another wilh
I'tolcniy; Archelaus also took llic eldest of them
loineo niinse.ii %u buhh- »vy,,,«.i ""•w.-"'. »"■"•----
forces he had witlihiis, and met Simon, and after I |„i.ui., , . ■•••k.^ ....^ .— • — ....-...—
a great attd long fight, no small part of those (at the others' niisfortinie, and jaw S(^
that came froiu l'erea,>vho. were a disprileriil
body of men, and fought rather irt a bold thnn i*i
askilfi*! iiianner, were. deMroycd; and although
" *' u- I 1' ,.l l.'....aBlf Uv' Hfinir nwnvithrnuirh
a SKlliyi Iliuiiuci. »»i:i»', ".i.i»»"j--vi, -.■" ......— 0-.
■ Simon had saved himself by Hying away/thrpugli
a ctrtain valley*, yet pratus'ovcrtbok bini.aiid
cut oil' his head. The royal palace also at Aj^iia-
thus, by the river Jorda^*, was burnt down b)- tt
jiarty of men thW wcr^i got Uigetlier, H9 Vrc
th</»« belonging to Simon.^ Antl thus did-ngrt^at
•asid trild fuiy sjiread itself over the nation, be-
ta«sc they had no king to keep the niultitude in
guod order, and because those foreigners,- who
eauw to reduc<»t1ie seditions t6 sobriety, did, on
the contrary, set them tjiore in a flame, because
of the injui'icsJlhej= offered them, aSi(\ the nvari-
'*!iou(^«>«^>«g<!lnent of theil''Bflairs.
7'' At thw time \llso Athron^t*; «. persHii nei-
ther eminent' by 4h(-«ligiiijyol hi^ |5iogenitors,
not for any great wealljl he was posstissed ofj
but one th«t had in all.iespectshecnVsihephenl
onlyl^ and wi» not known.by ^ny body; "yet be-
rioiemy; Arcneiaus aisu iouk mv sivi^.^,. «,..... ■•
prisoner, while the last of .theniwas so deiectnl
at the others' misfortune, and jaw so uluinry thut
he had no way now left' lo save hiniutlf, his ni'm)
beiiig Worn away with sickness snd tontinui.l
labors that he also'^'fleliverrd liiinsell up t.
Archelaus, u'pon his promise and oalli to Oo<l .t .
preserve, his life. 7 But tlusc tilings caine^o pa.,
.u good w'hila afterward h
' 8. And now Judca was full of robberies; ami.
...i the several. companies of tire soditiou* hi
upon any one to head (hem, he was crinieil a
kiHg.imiiiediatelv, in order to du4iiischitl to th'
public . They were in some small nie^jiure in-
deed, "and in small matters, hurtTuI to the Ko-
lunns; but the murders they coniBiitted upim
tlieir dwii people lasted, a long while.
9. .\8 'soon us Varus was once inl'orn'icd bf.tlii
state of Juilea bv Sabiims's, writing to him; In
was afraid for the legion he had left: so he took
the two other legions, (for there were three le-
gions in all lielonfring to SyVla,) and four troop. .
of horsemen, wilh ilnr several au-xihlry lorcei
which either the kings or certain of the.ti'tralfch- ^
onlW and Wltt not linOWH,l>y ^ny oooy ; yci ue-- wnicn eiiner liie nm^s oi .,c»i«i . „. ...^.j.. .....j-^
cause he was ataM man, and excelled btheri in afforded him, and made what haste he coukrto
.k. .•»..>,£ rTf Ilia hnnda. he Was so bold as to' assist those that were then besieged, ih J udea
cause ne was a'lan muu, bhu ca,.ci«:\* «»,,<-.» ,.■
the strengtfi o'f his hands, he Was so bold as to
set tip for king. This man thought it., so s*cet
a tliing.to do nior« than' ordinary 'iiijuries to
others, that although he shpnid b^killed, he did
not much care if he, lost his life in so great a de-
* Untesr tlib Jujlas, the sbn of Etekias, lie tils' same
witliliiat theudas, mentioned Acts v. 3B, . JiisepUus
must irivc'omlllcil lii«iifortlintothcrTI*cud«»,,wlloin
I.e afterward mentions unScr Fadus, the Roman gov-
erBor,i>.xx. eh. v. sect. 1., ij^much'too late Iq correa-'
pond to hiBi that Is iucnU»«ed in the Acts. The n»mM
'r)'t»itty rjlnlwk, Bild Jwii^, dllhr hut littfe. fee
. Atrlittli»oplJ»U*»*il BnnBlB at A. M.4tKII. Hovifever,
assist those that were then besieged, ih J udea
He also giH-e order, that all tfittt were sctit out ,
-for this expedition, should make haste ttt .Vtoli'V; v
.niais. The citiiehs of Berytus i^Uo gAV^s him.,,
fifteen hutidr^^d auxiliaries, as l\e passed throiijjhi
of all Mioio tm t\t<t$ani disorders in JiiJca. wlileh I|B
tells 119 were then nlirond, se* »e<^ A anil H, llie Tlieu<
das oftlic Acts might lie at the head of oi|p of lliom ne ..
dittonSillmiigh not imrlirulaVly .named liy Win. llius
he iijfonns Ualieri!, sccl. 0, and t.)f the War, I). H. cli. IV.
sect, i, that certain of the •editions raia* and Imrned ^
the rO),il palace at Aniathus, or liotlir.im|flila, U|ioa
the river Jordan. l*erhapB their leader ,who ii nnl
. Atrlittli»oplJ»U*»*» BnntilB at A. M.^tXII. Hovifevcr,- tile river Jdrdan. l-eruaps incir emier
BintB.atlpliMJbeBwa piytend to reckon upthe liciulsl natned by Jugephus, might be tlM» riicmni,
' ** .
k
' » ■-'
^■•:,*'""i
• .*
■tl -
iiJ;< •..\.'.^^-
■ 'V :"^
■.'•'■■*•%"■
...--'' "' >-■ .
^ »
' )(..■ V,
■'■ -J'.W ," ,„_:..
' \ ' "
'\\:
, whd, were tail
cveU to lia fiiiie-
lii'ir hjluO't and
qt gf«*t'thing(,
ri wuiild^aupiiurt
F.ttcti of tllt'Mt
I own; 'for tho<ii
very nuuiei^ui.
l<o cuniiiiiindcr* ;
ity were lubor-
u, while he putH
flll()lcd B COUDCil
i(d l>e dune, »M
.!t» hU |ilrMuri'>
r « (tfeat wh\!f,
I nutlring to hlB?^
i'ii9«d« lie aim,
;r<'al>maH^', buili
« l<.ii'ui'i(, and iiia-
ivtrud to each ol
L'll U|H>ii, kccau«(
liiid Otcn DiHoH't'i
d.tliity it'll uuuii
uric* thf^ had >i<
^^ in proceji) oi
ti^ sorti) of Mini.'
one or otlie); <jI »
'■ Woin? pl4l of tin
iji a Invrc cuatiiiii
iicktiu conipunj
irc bringing <-"i'i'-
full upon jV'i'M'
III tlio pbnipniijc
llJH fllot-JJulclKTS.
Ilii)^litrd ut tluii
luliiiid tlniii, Imt
a of Cirvtili*, v\liu -
It write about liiiii
»se Qtir brttl^riM
le by tucii sort fi
the Rninano; lini
;rtiit deal of ii'i*-
iinl iubdued; oiii
u»; Biiolhrr »\ilh
the eldest of llu'i
ntmaa »i) ilpjcctnl
!o ula
liiniMlf, hii ni'itiv
|iiw so
[Iricctnl
inlv tliiit
cu sad continuiil
d liiiiiiielf up t"
id oalli to God 'ti>
iings cuuicto pu"
af robberici; nnd.
the iieditiou< lit
he was trinliil a.
Ii* 4iiiscl>itf to t|ll
stiinll nie^jiiirc iii-
lurtTul to the Ko-
)■ I'oiiiniittcd upiMi
while.
e iiil'orn'ied bf«tlii
vritiii; to hinii In
d Ifft:, »o he took
icre were three Ic-
,) and four troop- .
il nuxiUSry fori-is
lin of the.U'lraW'h'- ,
: haste hecouhtto
)e»iegpd, ih Judeo
ifillt niremiit lint ^
Ivt hiiHtu tn rtili'- ^
im nUo g4\« hull
\\f! ^sfiA |tiroiigi>>^
• in Juiica, whirh lir*
n. 4 anil f . ilie Tliiu>
Dailofni|i>(irtliu«iic
nincil liy Mm Thus
•thi. War, Il II oil, Iv
OIII) mine and liurned
r notlir.imiflita, U|mn
Ir Icailer who ii nm
lTIicu(1m.
^ T
M
,....,J»,gjl.,.,.— ,v
■■■■; ■: , :;>:;aV-:-;'--^--
BOOK XVII.— CHAP. XI.
tiifir City. AretM tlio, the king of ANibi«.P«-
trea, out of hii hatred to Herod, and in order to
purchase Ibe favor of the Roman*, •ent'hhini
Uo iniair Uiiilance, briidet Ihtir fbolnien and
'honeinen; and when be had now collected all
hia forcea together, he coniniittciL part of them
to hia aon, and to a friend of hi>, and a*ut them
u|ion an eipedilion into lialilee,ijrhich Ilea in the
neighborhood of I'tfileuiaia, who iuad« an attack
upon the enemy, and put them to Righl; anil
took Sepphoria, and made ita inhabitant* alavea,
1 Bin^.hef.nt (I'e vity. Uul Varua himself puraued
' hia ineirh for Saniaria with hIa whole army; y«t
; ilid liot ho meddle with the city of that nanie',^-
.Qauae it bad not al^lFjoined with the-aeditio'iiii;
.> byt pitched his camp at a certain village that be-
' totlged to I'tolemy, whose ndnie was A^ua, which
'the Arabiana burnt, out of their hatrril to llerud,
nnif out of the enmity they bore to his friends;
vt hence the^ marched to another villlge, whose
nauie.waa bainpho, which the Arabian* plunder-
rdand'burnl, although it was a fortified and a
strong* place; niid nllnlong thi"* march nothing
escaped them, but all places were full of lire, anil
(if slaughter. Kninmus was also burnt by Variis'a
order, aAcr its inhabitants had deserted it, that
he might uvenge those thi^t had there been de-
stroyed. Froni thence he now iiiarched to Jeru-
salem; whereupon thone Jews whu>e cunip lay
there, end who had besieged the Boiiian legion,
now hearing of the coming of this army, left the
siege imperfect: but aa to the, Jertisaleiu Jews,
when Varus repi-oached th^m bitterly for what
had been done, they cleared thi'iiiselves of the
accusation, «Md alleged, that the coiillux of the
people was occasidned by<tlie^c«st; that the war
iv«s not tuaide with their approbation, but the
rashness of the strangers, kvhile they were on
the side of the Kunluns, niid besiege<l together,
with tlieni, rather thufi having an/ inclinutioh to
l>ei(jiree fheOi. Therc.also Cume buforehaacl to
meet Varus, Joseph, tn^ coustn-geriitaii of kiiig
llerud, as also GratU9>iid'Ktifus, who brought
their soldiers along with them, tpgethvr with
those Itomans who h^d l><'eu besieged ■ but Sa-
binus did not comb into V'ariis's presence, \}ut
stole out of the city f rivaf%, and went -to Uie
■ sea side. ',■),' ,
10. Upon this Varus tent a part of his arpiy
into the country, tq stfck out those that had brii^
the authors of the revolt; and tvheii they wt^re
. discovered, he punished some of them thai: weru
most guilty, and some {le disiiiissed : now the
number of those that <<(^ie crucified on this acr
count were two thousand. After, Which he dis-
banded his ariiiv, which 'he found nowise useful
to him in the aAuirs he Cainc aboutr> fur they be-
haved themsUves very disorderly, and diyobryed
his orders, and what Varus d<esircd them to do,
anil this out of regard to that gniii which they
made by the,mis('hief they flid. As for (limself.
when be was inluriiieii t"haf teii thoHsamI Jews
had gotten together,, ho made' hiinie to cii^Rh
them; but they did not proceed so fur„iiti to fight
him, hut, by tbeadviceVif Archiabus, Uiev ciime
together, and delivd-cd themselves Ap tu\him
hereupon Varus for^ye- the crime of revoitt
to the. multitude, but suiit their several coinman
tit 16 Casar; iimny of thri'ii (Jn'sar disniis*
but for the several relntions of Htrod svlio had
beet) among these uicn in thi<WBr, thty wi-re the
iiulf pi rsons whom he punitltcd,' whii. nithgiit
tlu'lciiit regard tpi justice, Jought ngafiist their
"wnJiiii'Iri (I
4t^ CHAP. \i r •
' v4i» Jtmltanagi i/ f/i« Jtwi to Ca'taf;^ aid how
^^ '^tf^utr tonfirmi(H^erod'tJ*tilamtnt
} f ,Smi when Varus had settled these aA°airs,
<«nd had })larf d thc,ll)r,m«r legiiM at Jtrusali m,
'v her<liiiii(<l Imik to ^ntioch but as lor Arch*-
lauit III litid iww •'UurLi;^ nil trouble come ufou
igfna
857
■ . . n ■
hini at Rnnie, on th* occirsioni'foirowilig: for en
embaaaago of the Jew* was con)e to (tome, Varue
having perniitted the nat^ion to send it, that the/
might petition for the liberty of living by their
own laws.* Now, the number of the ambasia-
dors that were sriit bv the authority of the na-
tion was fifty, to which they joined above eight
thousaml ol the Jews that were at Home already.
Hereupon Cietar assembled hi* iViend*, i^nd the
chief men itniong the Kiiinans, in the temple of
Al>plto,t which he had built at a vast charge;
whither the anibassador* came, and a multitude
of the Jews that were there already caiiii: with
them, as did also Archelaus and his friends; but .
as for the several kinsmen which Archelaus had
they would nut jijin themselves with him, out of
their hatred to liim; and yet they thought it too t
gross a thing for them to assist the ambassador*
[against him,] as su^yiiosiug it Irould be a (li«-
graCe to Uiem ip Osar's opinion to.think of thus
acting in opnositidh to a man of their own kin-
dred. Il'hilip also was come hither out of i<yria,
by the |)ersuiisiuni of Varus, with -this principal
intentioii, to assist his brother f Archelaus;] fur
Varus^shis great friend; iiut still so, that if
there flMd any change happen iii the form of go-
vernmcM, (W^ch Varus suspeclcd there would,)
and if a<ny di^ibution should be made on ni-
count of the number tjmt desired the liber'y of
living bjr their own laws, that (rt; hii^htyo'lbu ..
diiiapiioin^, but mieht have his share in it.
a. NoiM|)i>n the |ibcrty that was givento the
Jewish aiabuBsador* to speak, they who hoped
to obtain a dissolution ol kiiigly goviriinieiit, be-
took themselves to accuse lleroil of hi* iii,iqiii-
lies; and they di^clarcd, '• that, he was indeed in
name a king, but that he had taken to himself
that ancontrollablts authority which tyrant* ex-
ercise (>«er their subject*, and hdd inu'do itse of
that dttthdrily for the destruction of the Jews,
and did not ubstain from inakinjjf niuny, innova-
tions among them l>fsiiles, acroriltiig tir his own .
inclinations; and that whereas Uirre were a
great itiany who perished by tliiit destruction h«
brought upon them, *o many indeed as no other
history relates, they tliaj survived Were fur morn
miserable than those that .sutlered under hjni, '
not only by the anxiety^ they were iit- from his
looks and disposition towards them, -but from ^
the danger their estsitei were in of beiii"^ taken
away by him': that he did'never linvn oil adorn^,
iiig those" citiu* that lay in tlietr nelglihurlioud,
but were inhabited by Ibreigners; but Vft that the
cities beloiigili^ to hi* owiC government were
ruined, an4 utterly destroyed: , that whereas,
when he took the kingdom, 'it was in an extraor-
dinary flourishing condition, he hiid fillriJ thenp- -
tioii with the utmost degree of poverltr; and
wbei^, upon unjust 'pretences, he had f lain a«y
of the nobilil^', he took'away their estales;^and
tylK'U h'e permitted any of them to tive, he con- -
deniued them to t);e forfeiture of what they pos-- -
sessed. Aud« besides ^thc auiiuul imposilionf
which he/fai(l upon <very one of them, they
wiere to ijflake .liberal presents to himself, to (is
■' and friends, and to such of his slaves
lOuchsafed the Iftvor of being bis liw-;
cre/sj because there wi>s uo way of obtain-
a /freedom froih unjust violence, . witliuut
«jr either gold or silver for it That th)y
uVlfTd SHv nuthiiig ol llie corruption oj thi ihits-"
tity of ttieJr virgins, and the reproach laid , on
thiir wivei -ftir inrifnlineiu \, pud those thing*
B<ted afirr an i(«soltnt and mfiuman manner;
because it nail not a smaller pleasure to the suf-
firirs to hate suth things loiicdUd than iX
would hi'L beiu not to have sulltrtsi lliein.^
'Ihat lltrjd had put such abuses upon them'- al
a wild bcutl would nut hmc put on theni/«t 1*^ -
•SeoOrHieWar, k. II ch il sprt. 3 '
t^te the iiiite. Of ilie War, U. \t ell. vl. sccU I. •'
1 lie W.1S titratch aftcrnarU.
domestii
iilhc
t".
MMmMm
ms
ANTIQUJTIES OF THE JEWA
^|#
/
.mljoiij iliiit it >i),» jfos, 4h»» retidKin tliul ihfy
thnl-iiiiii lli<-y liilKlit jut'lly fiij gliull^- »ulut« At-
<i4i)!lHu4 ■• kin|i;, u|h>ii Ui» 4u|)pc»itii>n, Ibat <rhu\
lOi'Vnr ihuulil hf: let ovrf thrir kinifiloiii, he'
would npptar ninre iniM to tliriii llnili Herod
bndbl'i'iK uiiil lliuttlii'y liud juiiind iviti) biiii in
tlieiiiuurrt'iiiK I'nr liiii liiltivr, in, order (ogratir;
Jbiiii, ami wirr. nndjr tn ol>lt;4i: him in oflipr jioinU
nito, 'it' thry roiild tirret wi|h any di grre o( mo-
drrution troiii liiiii: Im^ lliiit he "(i-mrd to be
nlruid le»t liejjli(»iiW*iiiit !»• drrnuil llerorl'iiowa j Kiircl Iia ii|i|)iiinlt'd An:'
•on, and »i>Xilflioul uuy ilrliiv, l»' iiinutMliately kincr or tliv ivlioir Wiintr'
had |io<ter K.'**n bin) t" rula over uavnaitd t^t I liU llirtiinc, In tiring an arr.ucation litiilntt him
although (hair nation had iiaiiiicd through many -r
kuhviriioui anO altt^rntioiii of ;$ovcrniu<-nt, tlU'ir
juilory gnyii no arcounl of kjiy I'alamily they
tiad rtcr U<>n under, tlitrt couhl lie rouipHrnd
with this tvhii'h lUnid had bmughl upvo ^ii*
- fjOVL
let the nntiun niiilinttaiul biV uuaunif^. and this
before bia diiiiijiiiuii waa well ««t»l)li4h«'(i, nilire
tia iHJwer u( ilisponing of it liiloilged to C'leiar,
wfil^ could cither jcive it to hiiu or not, lu be
ph^Biied. Thiit he bud given n speeiiiieii of hia
luturu virtue to hi« ■ubjertn, iind'ivitli what jiiiid
of Mioileriiliuii mid good udnfiniHttationJhvrould
govern them, by that hi* Ant action wARi con-
irriied tjiein, hli own <ili«en», nod (Jod biniself
aUii, hIh-ii bi- iiiiide the jlaiightu ot" Ibiee thou- |^lahiil«,t ivliil
<»nil of hit own e'oiintrynien at the linijdc-. Iluw,
ibin, Could tliiy avoid ibe{iiW hatred 01 him who,
to the re«t of Inn barbarity ,Jiad added tbfii as-one
1 «ur iriin<*, that we have opposed aiiH coiilrM-
(licted hiiii in tile cxerrise of his autiioritv .' "
iNoAvi tlie iiiiiin thing' they deoired ivat th'iii,
■•That they mit;lit bellelivercd fiolii kingly. and
tlit! like loriiiH of gov4.'fniiiciit,* and iiiiglit be
Lidded to Syria, and be put under the. niithorily
of tuch pfenidenta of tlieim as Hhould he Kent to
them; for that it would til'breby be nindeevident,
wlulher tbey be really n sedilioua people, nmi
gciUrally faiid of Hniiovnlion», or ttlietlier tliey
would tfve inony orderly manner, if they ini^lit
have guveriiorii of any Dort. of niodecation /set
oVer them."'
3.. Now when the Jews had taid this, iN°ico|ini»
vindiruted the kings from those ai'CUHatinili, and
said, "That, as for llcrod, since be bait ilcrcr
been thus accused all the lime of lii» life.f itwas
not fit for those that might liuve ncciiseil him of
lesser crimes than those how nientioneil, ami
might have proiured him to be piiiiisbcii during
now he is dead, lie nl<n attributed tlm hct4onib
of Arcbelaiii to the Jv<Vs' injuries In him, who
alTecting . to gtWArh rniitrary to th«i laws, and
goiiT|( about to kill those that would have hinder*
ed tbeni-l'iMm nrliiig uiijiisllj', when they were h^
biiii piinislied for what they had done, iiinde their
compbiint* agaiiisl liuii; «» he nccnsed iheiii of
their ntteiu|its fur innovation, and of the nleaaure
they took in t sedition, by reason of Iheir not
having '''"•jAjl'' shborii to justice, and to the
laws, but 'wflr desiring' to l)e sujierior in all
thingstV '1 bts was the substance of what NIco-
laiM sai<l.
4. Win II Osar liiid Ih^wiH' ibise pleiidings, he
dissolved the nsseiiihly ^j|j|^ a few days after-
not indeed to be
but elbiiarih i»f one
♦ It' any onp roiiipiire that ilivliK^ireiliriioij roncerii'
jiiill of that u'liich niiil been subject to Herod,
ni\d proiuij^l to give him the royal (lii;nily berr-
-'' ' veriied his part yiriuitukiy. "
sen. I,nnilrh. »il.»ei-i. I.ilie rest'iiyw have arisen ei^
alter, if l^flpverned his part yiriuitusly. Hut i
fur the <yfpvr half, he div'uled it into two pnrls, '
and gitre it to twio other of Mesnd's sous, to
I'hiljp and to Antipas, that AiitipiiS wliodispiitetj '"
with" Arcbi laus fir the whole kiiigdohi. JVo»v,
ta him it wn< t^iat IVrea and (ialtlee paid their
li'iliiile, which uiiiooiited aiiiiimlly to livo hlinil(/'(|
iTlalaiiea, with TraclKiiulis, as well
as Auriiniti>, uitb a certain part nf what was
called tlie biitj«.' (if /eii(Hloru«,|| paid the tribi>tc
of one hunilreil taieiil; Id rhilip; but lunmea,
and Jiidea, and the Vouiitcy nl Snniuria, paid
tribute t.) Aicliehiiis, hiit Imd now a fourth part
of that tribute taken oil' by the order of Ciesar,
whodecreeii tlieiii llrat iiMtigatio|i, because tliey„
did not join in*this revolt with the rest of the"
n>ullitiide. There were also eertain of the cities
which paid tribute (o Archelaus, Strain's Tower,
and Sebastli, H'ilb Jojipn" and .li riisalein; for as
to (iaia, and (Jadora, and Hippos, they were
Jiierian cities, which Oiesar separated tronihis
goyerniiient. and nilded them to tlie provimVof
Svria. -Now the liihiite-inoiiey iliut came to Ar-
clielaus every yeni- from bis own dominioiu,
amounted 111 si\ hundred tnlents.
r). And so much ciune to Herod's sons ffoin
their father's inheritance. But Salome, besides
what her lirollier lel'l her by bisleslaiiii nl, wbicli
were Jamniu, and A"hi|od', and I'linsaelis. ami
five hnndrtd fhoiisiinil [drnchiii.e^ of cnincd sil-
ver, C;c<ar iiiaih; lieru present of a foval liabita-
:
InB the tyrannlrnl ijosver wliirli Jeivlsli kiiias would ' llinr ffoni Ids ronfls.-nTion of those "rem iiien's eslalea
exercise over tl»fti",ff;t|iey^ would hu »o liiohsli as to ; wl I he |)ut lo dealli, or niaile foime a line lor llie
ptel'crlllwl'(ircHielr,n«ftjniMI*oprafy or arislorriiry, snvliia»ft1ie:r lives, or from ooiiiccii her iieavyiiielhods
I Ham. viil. I— •-'i, Aiiliil^ly'Tljfil h. ic. nerl. J.;lie will of opiiressioh wllirli siii-h Kivai;r Ivrauls iisiiallv exer-
soon find tlint ll >va«,sifpcriii.ii>nUjiIly fulftlletl in Hie rlscjipon llicir uiiaerahleBiil.jiy'sfor rallier froiii lliese'
days of lleroil.iijidUiik' to such ^deu're'e/thaUliona- acveral iiiellioils piil l(>'!etlirr,-till v.liiih yel seem vcrv
Uo» now at last tieciii sorely in rtjftnt ol'aiiili theiraii- inucli.too shiall I'lir liis expenses, loin" driiwii from n'o
<Siciitclioicenio))|iO!illioiBo(;o.fsliellerriioiccf.irlli(^li. ' lar^fr ajiaOim llianlh;.! ol'tiin Jeiva, witidi iviis vcrv
and liad nnidi ralljcr !p(!r:j|(u<;r>ty cyt'4| a raciia ItiiiiiuCJ pOiUiloitH. hut willioiii llie iiil.iinli">o ol'tra.ie lo lirin"-
Rovcruiiiciil, jiiillhetr itfii«iii'<.>ttflh,Iols! any lun;.'(5f -ihcai riciirs; so liial Icannui Imi Kiroii«lv sinnrci ilia't
undcrtliCoppressioiiol'tlielamil-yh^]1leroil;'\vl|iclire-, no aaiall part uf this Ilia wc;illii arose from aiiotlier
que*! of thinrs Aiiausliis dl(| ir*l 'low Shint Ihoai; |,iit ■ »oiiri:c: l.miiiiv from soiiic vast Hiini3 lie took init of
did it 'for the one half of llinl 'iiatibii in ii -fevv year* Ituviil's sciniiilire, liut lonrcaled Iroin llic peoiile rice
nllcruard, upon fresh coiiiiil.iiiiis hy the Jewsinndc ' tlie noicoii Aniiii.li. vii. rJi. .w.sor't 3
agahisl ArcliClaiis; i\)io. iiailer iheiliiM-'ohniiVlp|c'ii;inie ||Take-4icrea very u^eliiliiole of(;rnlius on I like
of elhharrli, wliirli Aniilsliis only- h oiild Htfw aiiow rji. iii. vei'. I, liereqiioied i.tllr. llmNon • "Vuieii Joh'"
Ijini, soon look e|ion him llic iiirohtiirc imd lyrlinnv of I piiiis aavs.tiial some partof llie liiiiiai' 'or iiO-.-sejision 1
lii(il;itherkia(;l'er»l(,a8tl!eremaiiiili!:partof tliklioqk of !6eno'durus (i.e. Ahilene.) wiwailoile'd lo I'iiihn he
wnHiiformii3,an,ljKirtirahirlycli..\hi.scci.2. \ ! llierchyihTlarcsUmflliclarscrpiirtolillpelonired lo'an-
>fonns na farther, tliat Arrhelaiis's annual incoiiie, after
anahaieincirt.of one quarter for the preaiMit, was (ilHI
I till*'
tfllents, wo may tlicrcforc.Ballier pretty iWarty *hatj o/i.
ler riolcmyl; Miasoii ol'ileiiiiiihyrnni wliicli iVysilniai,
AifSJB^ftlled IlM! C
ro(i«lrvrjii!ie\olie coiinilijlllf billed Hie Cuuntni
_i . ,, , ., .„ ., ■ , . •, -, - . - J -.. -•"""''"'•■'"'"''"'•'••^"•I'edcalhol'tliefcrnifiri.VJia-
#nH ilernd thef.reafa yenrly iiicphitj;; I nicaif Blittuf^ nia»,it was called Ihc /<•(««■«« „/'i:,:,„„/j,rKs. so a'ller
lhlKitalciil»,whi(ili, at tlie known valueofltlNVslickela • Ihe.dealhor/enndorus.orwhciitlietiiiie for which he'
toatnlcal.nndahmit'.'s. lUd. toil shekel, in tlie daya of hired It WBSt!nded,wl)enanolliert.ysanin";of<tlicsaiiio
JosephnSr'see the nrtle on. Antiii. 1). iii. cli. vii. sect,
ninuants In JL'liHtM!!)^) Sterling ;ier (faniim.' which in
roine. tlioni;li Cfciit ln<ilself, lie:irihn lio pro|inrthiii to his
"vast expenses eveTyWherG yisthle'ln Joseplms. .tnd to
inline with tlie lotmer. \\:W possi sscd orthe Satiin roun
try, 4t lieaan to lie caUed nsaiii the Icirnrr/, n nf f^yaa-
vim." However, since Josephus elaexvlierc, Aiititi. xj.
c|i. vil.Bcrf. '.rlcOTlyrtlBiiii^iiialits Aliill«tii; from <;iial
iic vast suitp* ll* left bcliihd liiin iu his- v»ill, cli. viii. |.,ciilciiQ, t.'roiiiis must he here so far mistaitet,
■..'■" ■=■■« ■' : . ■ ^
I-
V
BOOK JCVII.^HAP. Xll.
.A
'^1^ ■
on dpfnithim
I'll llw hctionik
< In him, who
(h(i Uwi, anti
Id hnvc hin(ltr>
'II Ihiy yvprn by
unr, iiinilr their
•ciimmI thcfii of
of the pIrittuK
1 ol' Ihi'ir not
irHi and to Ihr
■U|H<ri(iir in all
ot' what Nlco- .
« pirildin);*, he
i>iv dny> kl'lcr-
it iiidi'cd to be
Ihimrih nf one
i<i'l ti» Mcrod,
111 ilijtnity hfrc-
iijmiily. Hut ait
into two (ifirlii, '
Itned'ii aouvi, to
irSulit>di»iiiitril -
ii^doin. N6iv,
ildi'o [mid their
to iHo hUiid(/>d
i:h<>iuli*, a»tv«ll
t of nh»t Will-
pnid the tribihc
i; bill IiitiiiU'ii,
Snnluriii, pnid
>iv a Idiirlh part
>rd(;r of Cwsiiri
Ml l)i'i:iiiisf ll»y,
Ihr'rml of thu
niii of |Im> tiiidit
Striito'i Tower,
rii91ilcii| ; for as
itt)s, liuj ivi-rc
.irilpd Ironihii'
till' proviiwc of
hut Clinic to A r-
)\viv domiiiionj,
■od'« sons from
^aloiiir, br^idrn
ivlaini iit,uliii!li
l'hn»ii<li*. and
■^ of rnimd ?il-
u I'oyiil huliita-
lif lifivp nriw'iiri:
rnt jiirn's I'Htnli'H
liny a It no lor llic
IT itciivyiiii'ihmlH
iiiilKiiHiia|ly pxor-
rat liiir from I licsc
iili yd hccMi very
nsiiriiwnfromno
♦ wlrifli xviif*-vcrv
) ot'lrailciolirhr!:
>n2ly Minprcl iliat
lae from afiuther
iiii ill! ior)k latt o'f
I tile people, rice
3.
Jroliiiii, on r.iikc
iOll : ''\^lllll Jor"-
St' [or po^c^iiion I
Itlollo riiilip, lie
it liqlonmil toan-
lii l.iikc lllelltian^<.
> U'aS ^lor'tll'yHCll 01
lliecity Ahila.niid
I'linlois, wliuii Die.
loniiia. nnrilhiAnr
I wliirli l.ymiiiiaii,
illeil tliB 'Cuiintrij ,
t't|ieft>riiiftrl»yjia-
:'/,f'(/j'rH.v. so, after
liiiie forwliirli he.'
aninH.or^hesaiiin
nftliritahiRruun
'ctffirrliti i)f Lyna-
iwMerc, \irtic|. xx.
■ I ii ll^i; fr o m fl K il
(.ilalwi.. ,
,x ■-. .• .
..: :
lion It Aihrlon; in all h«r nveniiei anioiiiiti-ir l»
. lixly talt'Hti liy the ytt»t, and htr div(:lliii|(-
huuM wa*'wilhiu Archtldit'i KuviT^iiieiil, Tho
reit alto of the kinr'a relaliuni rei-eivcij what
hit Icdaiiirnt alfutied Ihciii. Mortiovrr, Ciimar
iiiadi' B pri'teiit io each uf llrmd'a iivo virgin
daughtnrat hciidva what their Ikther left Iheili,
of iwoiiumlml and fifty thoMsaiiil [drai'hiiiirj of
•itver, aqd iiinrricd Ihein to Therurai'* foni; he
alio granted all Ihiit wai bei|ucHth«il to hliiMelf
to the king'a nonii whirh wu> oiiu IhuntaMd live
hundred lalvnli, eii'epliitg; a few of the veiuu-ln,
which he rocrved for liiniieU'; and tlwy Were
■ceeplalile to hini, not ao inuvb for the great
vklue they were uf, » became they were inenio-
rlitii of the king tu liiin.
, ciiAi'. xir.
Conctrninfi a ifHTtout Altitntdir.
\ I. WiI|:n Iheie allaijpa h«d been lhu> lettled
liy Otar, It certain youtg man, by birth n Jew,
but brongbt up by n Roinuii freed-iiinn in the
city of {iiiloh, iiigrnfted hiiiiielf into the kindred
of lleroO.by the rcneniblance of bin ieouillrnaiice,
which tbuae tbot aaw him Httetled to be that of
Aleikndertho tun of Herod, whom ho hmlilain;
and thik wlu an ineilenicat to iiini to endeavor
ta obtain the governnieul, lO he look to him, ai
an aMiilaiil, a man of hii own country, (one that
WM well avtpiaiiiled with the utlairs of the
palace, but ou other account! an ill man, and one
whole nature made bini capable of causing great
difturbancei to the (niblic, and one that became
a teac hereof hiicIi n nunchievoui contrivance to
the other,) and declared hiwaelf to be Alex«n<i|er
. the Mu of Herod, but ttoleo awav by one of
thoM that weteient to ilar hirti, WKb, in reality,
»lew other, men in order to deceive the ipecta-
tora, but »avcd both hiiu and hia brother Arii-
tobulus. 'i'hiia wns tliii ninu elated, and able to
impose on th.ise that came to him; and when he
wa« coiue to Crete, tte made all the Jew* that
c»»fe to diatourse with biUi believe bini [to be
Alejaiider.J And when he had gotten much
money which had been preaeiited to him there,
he paiaed over to Alelos, where he got niucb
more money thon he had before, out of the belief
they bad that he ivai of the royal family, and
their bopei that he would recover his 4ther'«
principality, and reward hia benefactors: so he
made haste to Konie, and was. conilucteJ thither
bv those Ktrangcrs who eiitertoined him. He was
aUp 10 fortnnalf, as, 'ii|K)n hit landing at Dicear-
chia, to bring tlie Jews tliat were there iiito the
same delusion; and not only other people, but
also all thoae that had becrt great with Herod, or
had a kindness for him, joined themselves to thi*
liian as to their king, -f he cause of it was this,
. that men were glad of his preteii<;e8, which were
leconded by llic likeness of his couuienaoce,
which made tliyse tliat had been aciiuaintcdwilh
a&o
Al«an,lerV,^M,;iriA 11 ..'T ""'"'" "J^rcny, and was come into Judea, he accuiei
Ai w. K.^ .1. ° *^^ '° ''"^"■*^ •''".'■ ^^ .""• "» '*>'««..•»"' »on of Hoethus, of essiiling the ,e
5lhef but the very came person, which they also ditioiH. and look ».v«t...l.. hi„h „-•"•. fJ.Vl'l
5llief but the very Kamc person, which they also
conlirnied to others by oath; insomuch that when
the^report went about him that he wa« coming
to Rofue, the whole multitude of (he Jews that
were llfere went oiit to meet him, ascribing it to
Divine I'rov1d™ce that he hadj^o unexpectedly
escaped, and b^ing very jovful on account df his
iuothera liAiiily. Aiid when he was come; he
was ca^rieJ/in a royal litter through the streets,
and all th* 6r..aii»eiita about hini wei-e such as
kinys ariv/adyftied wilhnl; and thil tvai at the"
expense fcf ih^e tliat entprlained him. The
niultitu(«! a/sa, ItockcdT about him greatly, and
made nJgMy afcclamations to him, and nothine
wa.H oiiiftYed which cpulfl be thought suitable tS
such as Uad been so uneitjjEctcUlv preserved.
2. WHeii Ihiitihing was told. friesiirJie did not
believe It, uccjij^ Hcrot was not so easily to be
. r.^"".'"'''." "^^Vably oHnervei liere,lhnt it was for
bdden Uiv Jews to niniry their brdiliei's wife, wli^
w
-Th
im|Kisrd upon in such alTairi a« were of ^reai
cbnterii Io him; yet, having some auspicion it
niij^ht he «o, he sent one CVhidiia. a freeit>man of
his, ami one thai ha<l tunverseil with the younr
men themaelves, and bade him bring AlexaiKlrr
into his presence; so he brought him. ^eing no
iiiore accurate m jiidgiiiir about him lliau the real
of the mullituile. Vet did he iio| deceive t'»iar;
for although there wat a rea<:nibUnce between
h(in and Alexander, yet was it iidt so exact aa t<r
iin|io>« on such at were prudent\ in diaCernlnr;
for lliit spurioiia Alexander had hM hands rough
by Ihn hiborl he had beeil put L, ami inalend
wi that loflnett of body which theiilher had, and
Ihit at derived from hit delicate and generous
education, this man. for the conlrari reaton, h«d V
a rugged biuly. Wheii, therefore^ Oaar taw \
how the matter ami the scholar agreed in ihit '
lying ttory, and in a bold way of talking, be in-
(juired about Arittobolut. and aikeil what he-
cailie of him. wim. it teemt, wa« itoleA away to-
gether With him. and for what reaton it wat that '
he did not come aloiij^ with him, andyndenvor
to recover that dominion *hirh wat dbe «p hit
high birth, also I And when he taid. that "he
had becMiefl ill the isle of Oete, fur feat' of the
dangert m the tea. thiil, in cate any aWideni
thouhl come to himself, the posterity of IVfiiriain>
lie might not utterly periib, but thai Arisl^bulut
might survive, and punish those that laid \ such
treachcrout designi agniiitt then)." And trhen
he p4^rtevereil in hit aHirnialiont, and the aythor
of till! imposture agreed in tupiwrling il. Ciatar
took the young nmn by himtelf, and taid to him.
"If thou wilt not im|)oie upon me. thou th^t
have ihit for thy reward, that thou shall escape
with thy life; tell hie. then, who thou art. anU
who it wat that had bolilnett enough to cohtrir*
inch » cheat at Ihit; for Ihit contrivance it lotf,
rnniiderable a piece of villany to be undertalien \
by one of thy age." Accordinglr. becnuiehehad \
no%iherway lotake. he told Cwtar the contrt- \
vmce. and after what manner, and by whom, it ^
wat laid together. So CieSar, ufion obserrior tha
tpuriout Alexander to be » ttrong active man,
and fit to work with hit hands, that he might
not break Jiit promise Io him. put him amonr
those that were to row among the mariners; but
slew him tliat induced him to do what he had
done; for at for the people of Mcloi, he thought
tlieiii luOictently punished, In, having thrown
away to much of their money upon this tpuriout '
Alexander. And lucbwaa the ignominiout con-
clusion of this bold connivance about the iiMiri-
put Alexander,
CHAP. Xlil. i
How Jlrchtfaiui, upon « lecond AeeuHiton, vai
bam$hid to Vienna.
} 1. When Archelaut )vai entered on hit elh-
narchy, iind wat come into Judea, he accuted
Uitious, and topk away the high prietlhood from
him, and put Eleauir liis brother in his place.
He also magnificently rebuilt the royal palace
that hud been at Jericho, and he diverted hall
the water with which the village of Neara uied
to be watered, and drew off that W(iter into the
plain, to water those iialm-treet which he had
there planti-d: he also built a village, and tout hii
own name upon it. and called it Archelaut
Moreover, he transgreseed the law of our fa
ther«,» and married (ilaphyra, the daugnter o<
Archejjius, who had bee^ the wife of hit broths
tMexander, which Alexander had three children
by her, whil* it wat a thilig dcleitable amobg
the Jews, to marry the brother's wife; nor did
this Elea«ar «bidd long^ in the high priestljood :
Jesus, the ton orS(,e, iHsing put in hit room while
bf wat atill living.
ihafciid children by ber (lr«"t hiitband, and that Zenoraa
leilea or] bitcrptelt lUlciiiufe before ui accordinfly. ^
■^\
^ ■■'n a-
.A -r^--
■\ -
:V
:> - ■
A'.
1
■.■■'ill
■ /
-■ .■'
-*■
:
1 i ■
'J
1
§■'
" 1
' '
1'/.'
■ ,'
I''--'
-y :
5
1 ■
f '■■ ■
c ■
■r,'
;i-
860
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEW8.
t. Bui in ihftimthyMraMn-hrUus'tKOVfrn-
nicDt, both h'li brethren anH Ihr |irliici|Mr dmii of
.Judo ■n<l SHiiisria, put b*in|; ■hi* to b»r hii
b«rb^ri)iia mul lyranniml u»»gv of llirin, iicciiieil
him Ixlorv C'li'inr, mxl lliat i'ii|wci«llv bfcmit
Ihty liiirw hfi. hml broken lli« runinuinili of Civ-
nt, which obtJKt'tl him lu bvhwvr hiiiiHlf with
nipilvratiiin ninpng thcnt. Whi<rru()«n, CvMr,
wbeit he beard H, wu very inKry, ■Od CBlleil for
ArcUttliiui'i tteward, who took cii^e of bii ■Ifnin
■t Kuiiii', (ikI whoMi n»lnf WHt Archrt^qi |il»o,i
•nil ihinltiiiK <l iM'iit'Hili hliii lu wiite l<> Aribn-
laiit, he bade him tiiil uway at •bOii at |iouiblv,
-, tod bring bim to Homei lo the iiuh piade hail*
in hit vDya^r, and yihtn he came irilb Ju(/«a h«
'found ArcheUut f«atlinf( willi hit fricndi; tu
lie (old him wpat Cidur had •«(it him abpul, nnd
hattrnt'd bun away. And wh^n hi wat cume [to
RpmcJ Cnetnr, ui)4n hearing what certain arcu-
liri. ot hit had to lay. and what TOj>ly bi; Couht
tualie, both baniihcd him, and amiuinted Vienna,
tf city oNiaul, to be Ihr place of^hit ho^it^liont
■ ahd took hit monny awav from hint. , '
3. Mow, bei'oM! Aniicitiit wat gone up to
Rome upon thit mrtiage, he related thit dream
to hit A'lendi, that "ho taw ean df com, in nuhi-
benten, full of w'h*at,p«rfeifly ripe, Wllcb*iiM,
u it. lerniiid to him, were devoured by oiift\''
. AnA whfo hu whii awake and gottvn up, btCilukc
th*» viiion appeared to br of great .im()ortai^ce to
bimi !)• tient for the divinert, whote itudy WM
cnplayed about dreamt. And while tome Wt're
of one n|Vinion, and tome of annthtr, (for allthe)r
Jntiu'|)i'<'tationt did nut agree,) Simon, aniaft of
' the »f(i of ths Ktieni't, detired leave to tprilk
bit n^ind fVeely, and laid. '* that the rinion de-
noted a change in the aflairiof Archelaua, and
that not for .the belter; that oxen, becaute
' that animal taket uneaty {mint in hit labon,
denoted afiliClloiii, and indeed denoted fiir^ther, a
change of affairtv becnute that land which it
plodgbed by oxen caunot rwuain in itt former
•late; tiid (hat tha.eart of corn being tea, de^^r-
.nined the lik,e number of'yeart, bcc&ute an ^ar
of corn gruwt in one year; and that (he tin^e of
ArcheUuii't govcrni)ient wMorer." And thut did
thit man expuAnd the dream. Now, on the fifth
day after thia dream came fint to Archi'laut, the
other Archelaua, that wat teM.t to Judeaby Cactar
to call bim awaj-, caive hither alto.
The like artHlent
'hclniit;
at I taid before, wat marrieif, while ahe t^at a
virgin, to,Aleiand«r the ton of llrrml. and bro-
ther of Archelaua; but aini'e it fill out t«lhat
Al>'tand«4 wat oiain by hit falh<-r, ahe wiit tnnr>
ried to Julia, Iha king of l.ydia.and when ho wat
dead, and ah« lived in widowhoiMl ioCappaillKi*
with her father, Archelaut divorced hit fortirr
wife Mariunme, and married her,%o great ^aa
hia liltcction for thit (iliiplMra; who, during her
marriage lu hirt^, taiv the iiillnwing dream. !$hu
thought "the. anw Alexnndrr alnnding ,'>)' !'*'•
at which ahu rrjoicnl, and embraced him wi|b
great atti-rtion; but that ha compltiiipd of he*r,
and anid, U (ilnphyra! titou priiveat that taying
to lie true, which atturea ut ihiil wuni< n nr* iiiil
to III' tniiitcd. iJidat thou not pledge thy fiiith t|i
nie'/ and watt thou not married to ^e when thmf
Wiial a virgini and hud wa'not children betweru
Awi Vet hatt thou fnrf^otlen the aflection I bure'
to thee, out of the detire of a lecond hutbund ;
jVor haat thou been aatjafiedwith that Injury thoii
did^t lue, but thou hiiat been ao hold aa to pro-
curat thee a tfiird hiuband to lie by thee, and iK .
an ii|decent and imprudent manner haat entered i
into tiiy h'oute, and hatt b«en married to> Arche-
laua, l^hy hualmnd, and my brother. However,!'
wilt not forget thy former kind uAection lor me, .
biit wi'llitct thee free frqn) eycrytuch reproach-
ful action, knd cailte Ihce tp be niin<^ again, at ;
thou once watt.'" When tlif' hud relat«>f thit to
her female conipaniona, in a few dayt'-time the
departed thia life. '
■ 6. Mow^ I do iiot think thete hittoriei Improper
forlhe proirnt ditcourie, both becauae my dii-
couri^ Ma# it concerning kings; and othcrwite
alau onf^hcVqunt of the adviintuge hence to be
drawn, at viM at for the confirmation of Iho ini-
mo/tali^ of the tout, at Iqf -the providence of
(jud over huoian all'airt, I tliought theni £t to be
tet down; but if any one does not believe tuch
-'relationi, tcl him iijiieed enjiQr hia own oi iiiiou
but) let him not hinder another, that iivuuld
thereby encourage himaelf in virtue. So Arche-
laua'a country wat Inid to the province of Syria;
and CyreniuK, one that had. been contol, waaient
^liy Cieaar t» take account of the ucople'i effectt
in Syjia, and to tell the houto of Archclnui.
iSi
-rr.
f.
BOO|C XVIII. ' ^ r\
CONTAINING THE INTK.lVAIi OF THIRTY-TWO YEARH.-rROM THE BANIHMMENT OP,
ARCHFJiAUS TO.THB DEPARTUllB OF THIi'iBWB PROM DABYLON. ,
CHAP. I. ,
How, Cyteniui teat ieni hu Caaar. lo makt a Tax- :
atv>n rif Syria and JuUea; and how Coponiut
uotsent lobe Frocuraloriil'Judf'a: conciming
Judat:^ Oatilet, and concerning the Stcts that
were aiffiOng the Jews. „
{1. nW Cyreniutt, a Roman t^ator, and one
who badi gone through't>tl(er<nlag||traciea. And
had pfitt4d through them till he Wkd b«eu con-
lul, and jOiie whoi on other acrountv^wat of
great difeniiy; ciiiiie aMhit lime into "Syria, vvith
a few Otber'", being sent by C'ictar to be a '
of that. nitiori, and to takc.ao aftcount o
iidjfe
' eir
jntJ
fth
♦ Since n. I.uko onr*. Ant v) 37, anA Joaettbut Ibur
aeverlil tin lee, oiice here, iprt. 6,j niiil li. xx. rli. v. tcrt.
S ,pf the U'lir.ii, il.cU. vlll. fcrt?!, niKl ch. .xvlt. aecl. a;
callatliiH Jiiilii!), who wm ilie |M>Htilpnt' iiutlinrnr that'
. jedilioiia iliH-lriiie unci tenipf^r wliirli briiii|!hl llic JcA'ifh
' nation lo iiliu.r dealTiirlioii, n (iuliUnn ; Imt |(cre, avrtf
: 1, Jdaeiiliiis cuIIkIiIiiiu nuii/ciHi'M>f tlieclly (iiininla;
Itb'a (rcni <|iiettiun Where iIiih iuitaii waaliorn, wliu-
' ll^Cr *'l '•; I'i'"" "*l I'"* ^..al mI.I.. or ill ftjiilnnitirf nit
tiiecaat^iiji orHircivir ioriliiii while in the plnci jual
nowciied fiuiolihe Aiiii<|uiii<t, I ix rh v am,'.t,lie
haoti»nly«all i ia uOalilnnn,but it i t aildii J ti ^hit t toiy ,
tubilance;: Coponiut alto, ai man of the equet-
triai^ order, wat tent together wl|h hiniVto hJtvr
the fuprehic power over the Jcivt.* Moreovir,
Cyrcniua came him«ielf into Juden, 'which 'nw
now added to the pr)>vince of Syria, to tak< an
accdnnt of their tuliatance, and to diapoae ol Ar-
'chelaut't money:. but the JeWa. although at the
bej^iiilijng they look the report of A taxation
heinau«ly,yet did they leave otT any fuMhci op-
ppaition to it, by the pcrtuusiion of Joaier, r,nb
wai the ton'of Koethut, and high priett; io they
being over jierauaded by Joazer'a words, gave
bn account of their eat^ci without uur; dispute
about it. Yet wat there one Judat,* a Oaitlpnitc,
oftta^e tienifiixliH Ike-boakt I'hal go before thete, at
if liehntlMillralleil liiiun r>D(i7riiii in tliotc Anliqiiiliet
before, na well iia in (lint (inrticular place, ai ))caii Aid
rich ohtiTTea, On the Witr.b. il. c.li. vMI. accl. I.. SfOt
Can one vt'hil iijiatiiie wliy he ahoiild here call liim a
anvhnilr, when in tliiVvlilh acrlion fnllnwinK licre,aa
Veil mtwiceOfthc WtirjIiealillcnllKhinin Oalilran
At for the city of (iniflntti. whence thin Judnt wat^r
trvi-^iil it ilntnriiiindg ■i^tliiiiir Hiii/.A lliprp tVCriy^tnnAf
Hint niiine, the one in i,niilonilit, the other In Galilee
Sec Relaad on the city or town of that name
.rJ>
\Pv
iUnhjrra hi*lw(iAi
g Archclnili.riitKii
, while iihii i^ai *
»f Hrrmt, (ltd liro-
it ll'll llUt Mlllkt
li<-r, •lie HIM limr-
I, villi when heniii
ioimI iaC'ii|ip*iliKi*
fiirccti hia furtirr
her,%o ((rent <n«i
; whn, ikiriii| dcr
mag (Irt'Kiii. !Jhu
•InniJinK }>y !>*'•
iibrareil him wl(b
;on>p!iiiiril of he<r.
iriiv<'i( that Mying
liiit wuiiK II nn iHtt
plrilgc thy riii<h tti
t chililren betwt'rll
Ihe nA«e(ioii I liurtf
n second huibtinil \ .
ith thnt injur; Ihoii
•0 hold Ht to prn> >
lie by Ihre, md III \
laniier ha«t entered i
marriad to> Arche-'
ilher. However,!'
J iiAi'Ctlon lor me, .
;cryiuch reproach-
i be luine anin, at
hud relat«>rthi> to
few dayi'-time ihe
I hittoriea Improper
b because my nil-
igs; and otherwise
ntu);c hence to be
finiialion of the iai-
•the providence of
lught them .fit to be
es not believe auch
Qr his own o; inion
other, ihiit >n»uM
virtue. So Arche-
! province of Syria;
>eu conaal, was sent
the ucople'i effects
I of Archclnui.
tNIHHMENT O]
^LON. .\ .
I.
man of the equei-
■with hiniVto hS«t
i Jcivs,* Moreover.
Juden, 'which "mat
of Syria, to take aii
id to dispose of Ar-\
lys. although at the^
>port of A taxation ,
off any fuM(icron- \
ion of Joaier, wne
ligh priest; to they
nicr's words, gave '
yithout uny; diKfiutr
ludaS)* a Oaitlpiiitc,
hat go before f Ar^e, as
III in tliosc Anlii|uitl<'a
ar plare, ai l)caii Aid
>K. vMI. smi. •.. ^lor
liould here cull Iiii4 a
ion fnllowlnfi bcre,'aa
I cnllxhiuin Oalilrin.
ro tliia Jiidns was if
ce ilicri! ivcrtftwoof
, the Qtlier In Gulile^
r that name.
m
s
i-m*
BOOK xvni.-cirAP. I."
of • aily tlihoke nam* was Gamal.i, who lakin'K
Mlith hiiii Sadduuk^* a I'hariiee, bi-cniiie iralous
ia drnw thaiu Id h retidt, who Ixirili siiid, IIihI this
^nxntion was nu belU r thuu un inlruiliiilinil to
jilafir), anil <»l<kirl«d the nation l» naar-ri, iFietr
liberty, a» if liny could' procure ihini luippii^iiss-' souls hatta an hiMiiorlal vi^or in lh<.ui,.aiMl ihat
and seruriljr for what they (hww'smiI, and
red enjoyiiianlof a slill (rrtiittir Kood, which wns
thai of lh« honor ami ulury Ihty would thf rf by
acquire lor ttiagnaiiuiiily. 'I'hiy also said, that
(iod would nut otlicrwise W atsisfinr to Jheni,
than upon their juii|iliK with one aliulliar In such
counsels as inigM tni succrasful,' and for, their
uWn advania)(e;' and this I'^jiecially', il" thry
would set aliout graat eijiloits, biiiI not Kruw
Hear) in emirulinii th« same: mi iaieii received
what Ihiy said wiUi pleaiurt', and (bin bold al-
4eiiiiil prodrt'iletl to a gr< ut heigiit. AH siirt* of
niistortuues also ipraufj; from these men, and llie
niition wus infiiCted with this ductriiie to nn ia-
credible <legrei': one violent^ war ranie upon ut
after another, and we lost <iur frieuilt who Used
301
away Ihe freedom from men of acting a* (he/
Ihiiilllit^ •iiiccitti-irnoliiinis.thal ii bath plaastd
(iod to ni like ^i liiii|ieruinri^ii )t bcri li> nhat li*
wills is iloiir, but „, iballba will ol lunn can act
«lrluou4ly or ticiou<l). They also believe, llial
uader the earth ihert'^illTie rewards or punish'
iiients, acioriiiiiK'nt they have liytd virtuously ur
vlciounly in this bM'; and Ihu Intttr are to lie da<
.liiined in an e\i riasliilg prison, but Ihwt the fur-
inv shnll have |Hiwer to revivirand iivaagain(
uiKarcounI of which doctrines, ihry ar» able
greatly tu persuade the body of the people, anil
whnlsvever thiy do about iliviue worship, pray-
ttrs, and sacrilii is, they perlonu them accunlin|^
lo Ihejr direction.; iirsoiuuch that lliiiiciliei give
great ptieslatiuii* tu tlii.'in un ycoiini of their
entire virtuous «unduci, both in the actioiis of
th<*ir lives, ond Iheijr discoursea al|i|,
4. Itut the tlocieine of the Sadduwcs is Ihii,
that souls die with the bodies;. nor do< hey rcgani
the obscrvuliiiii of niiy thhig bemilis what tha
to alleviate ouf |iain«; there were alii» very, law ilijuiiu tin in; for tliey think it uiiSuttanca
great robberies and murders of our iirincipul
inen. This wns dune in {ircti'iice iiuleed fiir the
public-wvlliMie, but In reality Iroui tho Iio|h<s uf
cairt to thi'niselvtsi whence aniie seiFitioUi*, niid
frpm them murders of men, whicfl^aonictiiiies
fell M those of thelrown people, (by the madness
of these men tunitrds one nnother, while Ihi-ir
desire was that none uf the adverse piirty iiiight
be left,) andsoiuellmifw on 4heir cneiiiies; a lu-
Diioa also u^niiii)^ u|)on us, reduced ut tu the lost<
degree of despnir, aii did nl«o Ihe faking 'and |le-
uuilishing of cities; nay, the seditiui|[ at last in-
trreaseil so high, that 'the very teiiipK at.tind
was biirbt don II by their eneinie;' lire. Such
tver«> the coiiseqiionces. of ilii», Ihnt the customs
'of our father* Kerealtcrt'd, nnil siich a cimngli
WDi niade,ias added a. mighty weight toward
bringing all to ikstruction, whicli' tiiesc men oc-
caatoni'd by Ihi ir thus conspiring lo),'elher; for
Judas and .Saddouk,f who exciti tfo foirrth phi-
losophic si/t umong iiii, and Irail n greul inniiy
•followers therein, filli^d^ur civil goverunient
with tumults at prrient; nyd luid llie t'ouiKhitions
of our future liiiseriexb^ this Hysti'iii ot philoso-
phy, which w<t'A'cre bjplore unncipiiiiAteil withal,'
conEcrning which wc will iliscoiirse h little, and
this the^ rather, because Ihe inlVction vvhii'h
Spread thence among tlie' youiigrr sort, who were
tealous for it, brought tht- public tu destruction.
2. The Jews had for h great whilehad three
lecls of philosophy peru|iur W tliniiMvc!i, the
sect of the Kssenes.ond the sect of ihe.Sadilucees,
■od the third sort of opiitiiins wus thak of thote
called Pharisees; of -which sects, although I have
already apoken in the >ccond,book of the Jewish
war, vet w"ill | a little Uiuch u|ion them now.
3. I^iow, for the Fharisees, they live meanly,
•ad despise delicacies in diet, and they follow
the conduct of reason; and what that prescribes
to toein ai good fdr th^m, they do; and they
think they ought earnestly to atrive to obse;:v«
, rcaaon'a diclateslbr practice. They also pSy a
respect to such as are in years; npr ar* thev so
bold as to contradict them in any thing which
th«y have 'introduced; and wll)^n they detcimir
thM all Ihinga ara done by fate, t|^ey do not tal
• It leema not ver jr hnprohahie to me, tKat this Sa*
'Slv'" Pharisee, waaMie very isiiia man of whom lliio
Kabblna apeak, ai the unhappy hut uBdeaigninii occa-
■Ion of the impiety or infldoliiy of the Sndduccas; nor
parhapa had the men thia jiame of Sadduciiea till thia
»ery time, though they were adisthict acct loni; before.
Bee the note on h. lifl. cli. i.' seel. 5; aiid ricin rrj-
deaux, in there quored; nordoweftlmtiknowaf,flnd
: Ihe least footatcfi^ffuch iinpleiv or iiifidcHiy of these
flMdueeaa tiefore tNlitlme, the Reco)tiiiliona asourlni
s that Ihey beiian almut thie daya of John the Biipttet,
•.eb.Uv. e .
of virtue to dispute with lliont teachers' of phi.
losopliy whom thiy ffei|ueiU; but this diictrin*
is receiva< but liy u few, yet Ijy those tlill of the
greatest di^iiily, Hut Ihty are able to do nlmtM
iiolhin)( <d IhtMikilvis; lor wifeii thij bicoine
inagintrntea, us ll«:y are unwillingly and by force
someliuics obligrd ^o Ix', they iidilirt themselvea
to the notions of the t'harlst^es, because Ihe mul>
litiide would not 9lherwis9 beay them.
fi. The doctrine of the Kssenes is this, that all
tbin)i^a are l)est ascribed to! (iod. They |[r>ch
t^e iniiiiortality4 of apuls, and esteem tlii^t the
rewanls^uf rightiouyiii'ss are to b« i, lytiieslly
Striven ^^ujind when they send what they have
dedicateSV|<Jod iiilii Ihe teiniile, Ihc^ <to not
o^'er suhIu'i, beciiU.ie thry nnve -- more*, pure
JuslratiolMo^heir own:) on 'which iirciijuil they
are exHu|lf'U iroin tl,ie couimou court. of the tenf
pie, bUfKidtr tljeir siicrilices theniseives; yet is
their courw of life belter than that of other men;
and. tht y entirely addict themselves to husbandry..
It u|so deservesfiur ndniirution, how much Ihey
exceed fell other iiieii that addict thriiisi.'lves to
virtue, nml tliis in righteousni'ssfand indeed to
such n digree, Ihiit ns it lintli never -appeared
among uy other men, neither (ir< ekv nor linrbS'-
rians, iiA^'aol for n little liiUe, so hntli it iniliired
fiir n loiii; while uinonK lliein. Thin ii (lemon-
t Bee l)ie preceding note.
tt. .
■. 'V:,
■ ' - ' . \
■ i
.1
' - , ■»
;:
^ema by ivhat jo^phm ntyii here, n fld Phlln
MBiNir elMwhecc, Op. p. OTsr ttaat Uim sinnM did I iapiled
straled 'MJIthnt inotituiion of theirs.wliich will
not siiffcTTihy thing toliindcrthein f^pni huvioi;
nil . things in coinmuu ; so that a ficU man eiijoya ,
no more of hia own wenlth thiin he wlio Imth
nothing at all. *T'here lire about four lliousuiiil
men tlvat live iii tliit way; anil iieilber marry,
wives, pajgiflrtv, df sirous to kiiep sentwnts; al
thinking flH.i^tter teni|>ts men lo be unjust, and
the former gives .the liandlc to domestic ((iiarrels,
but as they Jir*'by themselves, they minister one
to oiiiather. They also appoint certain stewards
to recjsive the ii^coinci of their revenuei, ami of
the fruits of the ground ;" #uch as are good inen
and priests; who- nrc'^o get their corn nnd thejr
food ready ^for ttaem. They none oHhcm differ
frjup others of the Kssetics in their way of living,
'~ the mosi resemble those Dacu:, who are
olisffe.ll [dwellers in cities.] ,
lip lo the Jewish festivals at Jerunnlom, or
I there, which may lie one great occa-
ar« never montioncil In Hie ordinary
w Testament; thouxl^in the Apoaloli- .
s they lire inentiniiod as Ihoae i!iat ot-
//Arir/urf/»^A<rs, and that with-
artcr laid u|iuii t Item us is Uier^ laid
aniuncthat pcoptc.
'" in JoscpnuK, or Krir7a. In Stra-
Horic Duca; n ore. It Is not tasy to ,
, ,, ,. ir oflersiio iniprobalilc conjacluie,'''^'
that some oftbciie Dacm lived alone like monks. In
tenlBorcavos;liut that otiiers'oflhein lived toiielhar la . '
tui t ui l irt , a nd thcrtre wge c a lle d ty n i c li n a mo a m
my sua
ther
DO, (
determine.
\
./«
i'
.i''
%
'^ '>f .'
ANTIQUlTteS or TllR JRW8;
4. Rui Af th* fearik tarl of J*i*iih philiMo-
|ik]r, JmiIm til* (JaliUdi wn* thn i»iihur. 'I'hor
tnrn ((nrr III nil o<lr«rlhiii^<i wiUt Iha I'huriMK
no'iuQi; hut they h**« nn iiiviuUliU ■llwhiiiriil
lo lll>«rl)f, anil ujr, that (ioil i* to b* Ihvir nnljr
RuUr anil l.onl. Thoy >!•<> <lu nut vtliicilvinK
any liindt of death, nor uitl*«d do thay batia tha
daalhn iif Ihrir r»lationa anil frirmU, nur can any
•uch fiiar iii*k« thru <'*li any man lord. And
•liic« thit iiiiniuvrabia rr'ululion u( Ihnin ii well
known lo ■ Kniat many, I ahall iiMali no farther
•bout that niattar; nor am I afraid that any IhinK
I ha«a taid of ihi'ni •hmild ha ilUliallavad, liut
r^thar faar that nrfiat I ha>a Mid in hrnrath Iha
faaolulion thay ihoar whan thay undar^o pain.
And it wai in (icMiiia Klorua't tinia that lha na-
tion hr^(nn lo gron mad with thia diilani|iar,
who waa uur procurator, and who itrraiionril lha
Jawa to CO wild with it tiy lha ahuia of hiaaulho-
rily, aiiutiMiialia Ihain ravolt from lha Koiiiana.
Abd ihaMl ar* lha lacls af Jawiab philoaopby.
' CTIAP. II.
Hcte Htrod aiul Pkilif Mil tnurmi Ciliii in
Honvr y Catar, (Joiutming Ifn SiucftHi'it
anU I'rocuralori; n$ alto vhal 6<-
*((( anJ fA< l'arMian«.
EN Cyraniua had how diajraaad uf
I nion«)^, and 'whan tha laiing* wrra
boiioluaion, whirh wara niada in tha
lib of ('vaar'a victory ovar Antony
fh/K deprived Jouar of the high prieaW
'i dignity had bt^rn runfarrcd on him
by iM^Hullitude, iind ha appiVlnted Annnua, the
soil of Seth, to ba bif(b pricat ; while Herod and
Phili|i^had each of them received lhi)ir ow;i
tetrnr<:hv,aii<l aellled tha aflaira thereof, lierud
. alao built a wall aliuut Sepphtiria, (which ia the
•ccuritir of all (Salilee,^ and iiiaiie it the iiietru-
poliaoitU country, lie alao buih a wall round
bethliramphtlil, which waa iltelf a city i|lao, and
called it Juliaa, from the niiiiie of the eniprror'a
, 'Wife. When I'hilip alioJiad built I'nneaa, acily
nl the founlaina of Jordan, he nanie<l it CVaarea.
He alao advanced the village Reths^idn, aituate
•t tha lake of (ienncaaretb, unto the dignity of a
city, both by the number . of ifl|n|bitBnta it con-
Uined.'and ita other^gr«nd^ili|^lind called it by
the nanie of Juliai, the i^ine name with (.Vaar**
. daughter.
'3, Aa Coptoniua, who we told you waa aant along
. with Cyreniua, waa eierciaing hia office jif pro-,
curator, und |;ov<',rniiig ^uilen, the fullowiiig ac-
cidenta happened. Aa tlie Jewa ware ctlcbniling
' the fcaat ut unleavened bread, which we call the
Faaaover, it waa cualoniary for the prieata to
open the temple galea juataftcivmidnigbt. When,
, therefore, thoae galea were firat opened, atiiiie of
the SamariUns came privately into Jeruaalehi,
■od threw About the dead iiicn'a bodiea in the
I cloiatera; on which account the Jewa afterward
excluded them out of the temple, which they
bad not uacd to do at auch feativala; and on other
•ccduntt alao they watched the tuuple, more
MTcfull^ than they had formerly done. A little
after which accident, Copoiviua returned to Rome,
- and Mareua Ainbiviua came to be hia aucceaaor
, in tbat guvernnient; under whom Salome, the
tiater of king Herod, died, and left to Julia [Cos-
. lar't wife,] Jamnia, all it* toparchy, and Pha-
•aelii'in tM plain; and Archelaia, where ia a
great plaatwon of palm-treea, and their fniitia
cscctlmt 'm it* kind. After him came Anniiii
Rufu'i, under whom died Ciesar, the lecond em-
peror of the Roniana, the Uuniti^ pf whoae
reign waa fifty-tcy'en yeara, bcaidel lix mpnths
' * We ma]r 6^ take notice, ai well aa In the parallel
KiUprthe bookiOftbe War,|i. 11. chap, ti.aect. 1,
at aflertbe death-of Herod the Great, nnd Ibe auccea- ,
' riOn of Arrlielaua, Joaepbu* Is very brief in lils acc^unis
n a f J ud aa , t ill ne a r hi s < |wa lima . 1 *u| i p «st th a r ss sow
am) two daya, (of whiDti lima Aaloniua ruled !»• .
gathaf with hiin fiiurta^n years; iHittha iiiirNlio*
iif hta life wita a<ivanly->a>an yaaf«;l iipmi whose
death Tilirriu* Nam, hia wife Janv'a aua, auri
rradril. Ha was now lha thini aiiiiHriiri J^vt
ha aent Valerius (Irstia* lo b« prw'iimlii^'of
Jwlas, snd to suevsad Annius Rufua. I'bia-'iiiSn
drprlvail Ansnoa of tha hish |irirathi>iiil, aad
apjxiintecj labniaal, tha aoil of I'halii, lit bai li^h
priaat. U* alao drprivad him tfi a lillla linia/and
onlaiiied Kliaiiar, tile son of Ansiias, fUi/ hsd
whirh
tua ds-
baaii high priaal before, lu hi high pViral^/i
(lAira, whan h(< hail hrhl it for ajejlr, f >«aii
nrivad him of, and save the high privaihotvl I"
Minion, the eun of Taniithua, and "wMa ha ^ad
poaaeaaad that dignily no longer than a year_/o-
arph (.'ainphua waa maila hia aurrrasur. ^^cn
liratua had done thsa* things, ha went back lo
Roma, after ha had tarried In Judea eleven yrars,
when I'ontiua'I'ilala ranie aa hia auccaasor.
:i. And now llrriMl tha trtrarch, who was ia
great favor with Tiberiua, hnill a city of the
aame Mama with him, •n4 called ilTiberia*. kla
built it in lha beat part of Utiiire, at the -lake
of tienncaareth. Thata are .warm hatha a| a
little diataace from jl. In a village named Km-
niaua. Mlnmgrra came, and inhabiird thia rity;
a great number of the inhabilania were (ialileana
also; and many were iieCeaaiiated by Hrnid to
coma thither out of the. country belonging 10
him, and were by force compelled lo be ita in-
habilania; some of them were pvraona of condi-
tion; He alao adniilted poor iieople, auch aa
Iboae that wf re coljet'ted from all psrta, lo dwell
iu it. Nay, aoma of them were not quite free-
men, and iheae be was a benefactor to, and made
them free in great numbers; but olilired llieni
nut lo forsake lha cily, by buildinji; lliem very
good honara at hia own eipenae, miiI by giving
thiim land alap; for he was sensible, that lo make
this place a habitation was to trnnsgseaa the an-
ciriit Jewiah laws, becjiuae many avpulclires li'er*
to be hrrr taken away,lu onlet to innka room for
the cily Tiberius ;• wliereas our laws' pronounce
that aucMnhabitants are unclean for aevan ilaya.4
',,•1. About thia time died Hhraatra, the king of
the I'artbiana, by Ihe treachery of i'hraataces
hia' sob, U|)on the occasion following: When
I'liraatea had had legitiniBle sona of iiia own, ha
had alao an Italian niaid-servnni, whose name
waa Thennuaa, who had been formerly aent lo
him by Juliua Caeaar, among other presents. H«
first niade her hia coitciibrne, but, ho being a
ffreat ndiiiirrr of her beauty, in proceaa of time
laving a son by her, whoae name was Phraata-
ces, he iimde her his legitimate wife, and had a
great respect for her. Now, she was able to per-
suade hiiu to do any thing that ahe aaid, and was
earncat in procurinir the government of Hnrthia
fur her son; but still Ihe saw that her enileavors
would not succeed, unless she could contrive how
to remove I'hraatvs'a legitimate soAa[out of Ih^
kingdom;] so she persuaded him to send those
hia Sons as pledges of his fidelity lo Rome; and
they were sent to Rome accoruingiyi because it
was not easy for him to contradict her commands.
Now, while Phraatiiccs was alontf brought up in
order to succeed in the government, he thought
it very tedious to expect that govaroment by hit
father's donation [as hit successor;] he there-
fore formed a treaclieroHt dasjgn Bjpuntt his fa-
ther, by his mother's assistance, with whom, at
the report went, he had criminal conversation
also. So he was hated for both these irices, wliila
bis subjects esteemed Ibis [wicked] love of his
mother to be noway inferior to his parricide; and
bo was by them.jn.a seditioo; expelled out of tha
Is. that after the lane history of Nkotaus of nsmascua,
includliif tha life of Herod, and protialily tbesucceeatoa
and first actions of his sona, he had but few food hitt^
ries of those time* before blm.
t Mamb.xlx.W-M. — -^- r
■f
I
>
♦
>'
■*1S^^ ,
Anloniui nilnl in*
i; Juil III* (iiiriiliou
MM,) iipiiii whiia*
> Janu't •on, mtj
iril «iii|Hn)ri 4i«4'
b« nrtii'iiniii)f,>4>f
Huh: l-hii-'ih>
li |irir«lhiHi<l, Miri
I'linlii, li» b» li/|(li
ilin illlUliiiir/and
Aiiaiift, mhtt' hwl
hiUli itVimli/whK-h
• irAr, liijlut il«-
iiKn |)rii-»ih<>.^l in
■ikI trMii hai ^«il
tt ihan ■ ]mr_fo-
•iirrrMur. MAcn
I, ha went back lo
IuiIm f Itvcn jnrin,
lit lui'mior.
niri:h, who mm !•
nil R ciljr of lh«
pililTibcriu. II*
llilm, ■! Ih« -|ak«
warm liaihi a| n
illiiK<' nainril Km-
ihaiiilfil Ihia rily;
nil were (iRlJliiant
tied hif llrnxl 10
llrv belonginK t<*
tclUd 10 be iti in-
1 p<-ni>ni of coiutl-
ir ii«o|)lr, auch a>
all iiarla, lo dwell
ira nol quila frrt-
iclar lo, and niado
bill ol>ll|r<'d lliam
udilini!^ Uirm ferjr
n»f, mid by ifiirini;
•ibie, lliHl lo iiinka
IrBinjfK-tt llie an-
•y itipulchrct «^rrt
r lu iiinkti room lor
ur lawa'prohouncff
in for tevirn dayt.4
'nalM., ihf ktiif( of
nr of i'hraHlacM
fiillnwinf;: When
Diit of lili own, h*
vani, whoso name
I formerly lenl lo
Ihar preunli. He
bul, ho bein|; a
in proceu of lioi*
inie wat PhraaU-
: wife, and had ■
lie Wilt able lo pcr-
: the laid, and wat
triiiiient of Hnrlhia
hat her endeavort
:ould contrive how
t« ioAi[oul of Ih^
liui to tend Ihoie
ily lo Roiiie; ond
rdinglji becauir il
ici herCQmniandi.
intf brought ap in
iment, he thourht
;overomenrby hit
:eaior;| he Ihero>
gn B{|;untl hit f«-
e, with whom, at
linil convertatino -
ithcie iricei,whiU
eked] lore of hit
hit parricide ; iDii
ixpelled out of Ih*
cotnut of Damatcua.
ibalily thetuwttilM
I but few |Ood hitt*-
wnMry
barorf h« ptm
'*m (M ||r>al.
»f rarthiani ■
lOOK XVIII.— CUA
and di»* I
Hal, aa Ilia beat aorl »f rarthiani agrenl in-
^Ihar. thai il waa iiii|inaailil« Ikry ahiiulil IM
gonmml wilbnul a kiav, whiU tjao'll waa Ihilr
noaalaiil prarlir* lu ilinoao ona uf ih* family
of Artaa'fi.lnorilidlhairlaw allow of any olhrrai
tail lliay ihiiiiKhl Ihia kingiloiM had bern aiift-
cMnlly injurrd alrvaily hir the niarriago wilh
•n llaliaa ruwubinr, and by her iaai«e,l Ihay
tMl anibaiaadora. and raited OriMlea [to lata ih*
crvwRi} liir lh» oiitlllludc would not olhtrwit*
have bornalheni) and though he wcra arruted
uf Ttry great rruellr.and waa of in unlrarlahle
lemaer, and prune l» wrath, yrl tllll ha waa one
of the faniily of Artaiai. However, they mad*
• cvntptrtry againtt hiiii, anil ilew him, and that
■a torn* ta^, at • fnlival, and tniong their lanri-
tleea, (for il ia the univertalniitom there lo carry
their awiirda with them:) but aa the more grne-
ral report It, they alew him whcnihry bad drawn
him out a hunting. Mo they tent anifiaaaiidora lo
Koine, aad ileaired lliev would tend one uf lhot«i
that were lliire at pleifgra. In be Ihrir king. Ac-
ronlingly, V'i>nonr« W|ia preferred before the real,
and aent lo litem i (fur he termed capable of auch
5r«nl ferlune, whiHTTWo of the grntr^t kiiijf.'
piui under Ihe tun now olFtri'd liini, hi'otvii,
and a foreign one.) However, Ih* burbariuHii
toon changed their ininilt, lliry being nttumlly
of a niulable dit|H)iitiiin, upon Ihe aupponnl, thai
thit wan wat nol worthy to be Iheir governor;
foivlhey could nol Ihink of obeying the con
J
ee Aratenia la Om-
lb
that <:
all'aira nl
(ler iipiHirtiinity li
when be hail hern
tiorhni, Ihe kinf ol
^h* iiiiilliliMie I'lmlend*
»enl aiiibaiaailort
iwir were detimii*
I uiiubt be rhanged
It line; aa were ih*
er kingt, aa their fa-
•eniita iiiKil* a decree,
Ih. aral lu MllU the
rinne hereby taking a |ieo-
r ilrpriving hiui of hitTifej for
a the eual, and lellleil aU
allairt lliere, hit lifi wat taken away by the p(ii-
lon which I'iio gave hini, at halh betm related
etaewharv,*
fllAP. III.
Jl SiJiHon Iff Iht Jtm a/raliMf Pnnliui PiMi.
Vonc$rHing Chriil. HnU what k(/>(f V'aufina
an<i (At Jtut nl Horn*.
)lng
mandt of one that h«d been a tiave, (for to Ihey
called thote ihtl had been hotlagee.) nor could
Ihey bear Ihe Ignoniiiiv of Ihiil n*me( end Ihit
wat Ihe liiore iiitolcriiTile, becauie then Ihe I'ar-
thitnt mutt have tuch a king trtoTer them, no(
by right of jr^r, bul in time of peace. .So llrey
Kratently iaVTied Artabanut, king of Media, to
B their Jing, he being atto of the race of Arts-
c«i. Arlnli.iiiiia complied with the offer thai wi|i^
made hiiii, and came to them wilh an army. S«i
Vononet Met him; anil at lint the multitude of
the Fanhiant tlood on hit tide,- and lie put hit
army in array; but Artabanut wat beaten, ahd
(led lo IIni iiiounlaint of Media. Yet did he h
little while after gather a great arnin lofcelhcr,
and (ought with Voiionct, and brat him; where-
upon VTjnonet (led away on horicback, with a
few gf hia alteiKliinIa about him, lo Srleucia,
[aponTigrlt.] So when Artnliunut hid tiain a
greet number, mid Ihia idler he hid p>ftrn the
victory, by reaaon of the very great ilitmny the
barbariina were in, he retired lo Cletiphon with
a gr«il funiberof hit people; and to he now reign-
ad over Me Parthinnt. Hut Vononca Hod awBy to
Armeniiiandittoonnthecame (hither, behnil in
iaclinition to have the government of the country
gi»en him, and lenlamlnttidonto Home [for that
purpoie.] But becauac Tiberiua refuted il him,
andhecauae he wanted rournge, iinll liecaute the
Parthian king threatened him, nml tent ainbai-
ladort to hmi to denounce war againtt him if he
proceeded, and becaute he had no way lo like
to regain any other kingdom, (tor the iwople of
BUtlanty among the Arnieiiiant about Niphilet
ioinbd^lhenitelvet to Artabanut,) he delivered iin
bimtelflo Sllnnut, Ihe president of Syria, who,
out of regard lo hiti'ducniion at Roma, kept him
* Thit «ltatlan kinow wanlinc.
mLTJ^**";.*.! •'"J' •~ "»'• "lied, whoae blood
Ptlaie ttied on Ibit occatlon, may very well be thote
»ar» Oalilein ievt «*«*• thod Pilu$ hU minthi
vIlkatiraaeW^M.-Lukexili. \,9; Ihete tiimulli he
int utuilly eirMedittomeof Ihe Jewi' (real rettlvila
when Ihey Ilew ahundance of an«rlllroa. and theOall*-
laana being commonly murh nmr0.buly In auch luinullt
IkM thote of Judea and Jerutalem, aa We learn from
Ifea hlilory of Areheliut, Antlq. b. x*il. ch. Ii. Mti 3
and cb. x. mcI, 3, S; tlraiiih Indeed JotenhotVpretcht
«0|il«*tay nol one word atlkintnmkfnt uptntthtm
U( (*t»e ia SiUaM/UI. ndtlm tl,m, which Ihe 4th
( I. Kli't- now I'llHle, Ih* proi'urHlnr of Judta,
reiiiuvril the army IniHi I'lrtaren In ^rruwleni, In
take their winter ipiartert there, in order lo abo-
llah the Jewith ta««. So he inlruduced f'vaar't
rihgiea, which were upon ihe entiuna, iiiiil brought
them into the cilyt nlivrena our liiw forbida ut
Ihe very niaking of iniigrii; on which icrouni
the former procurnlora wer* wont to make th*ir
entry into Ihe city wi(h tuch •naigna at had
not thdne onitnieiXt. I'iUte wat the dm lyhn
brought IhoMi imiiget loJerutalem, iHiil tet Iheni
up there; which wat diwe without Ih* know-
|rd){e of Ihe |)eoplc, liecauA it wat dune in Ih*
iiiglit lime I but at aoon it Ihey knew il, Ihey
came in luullitudei lo Cirtarea, and interceded
with I'ilati' many dayt that he would remove the
iniiiget) iiid when he would not gnot iheir ri^-
(jtiettt, b^ciuie it Would lend In the injury it
tii'tur, while vel they pertevered in their re-
queit, on Ihe tixlh dnv hu Ordered hitioldiertln
liBVe their tveaiMiht privately, while he ciiine iind
lilt upon hl< ju((|>;iiicnt.ienl, which place wat to
prcimreil «n Ihe upennlnceof the city,lhititcon-
cealid tli«- iirniy thnt lay rcndy to nppreit thenii
Hud when Ihe ./eWapeliiionedhimagain,heKavea
tignni (Q Ihe lohliera lo tmimipnu them round,
and Ihrriilineil that their puniabmenit thould he
no leat thiin immediate death, unle«t they wouhl
leave ull'illaturbing him, and go iheir way t home.
Hut Ihey threw theinteivea ufMin Ihe groiiml, and
liiid their neckt Imre, and taid lliev would liili*
Iheir death very willingly rnlher 'than Ihe wit-
dnm of their liiwa Mhoiild he trantgrrated ; upon
which I'iUl* wni deeply ad'erled wilh their lirm
retolutinnio keep their Inwt inviolable, iind pre-'
tenlly coiiinianded Ihii imaget to be carried back
from Jerutnlem lo Cietarea.
3. Itut I'ilnle iinilertnok (6 bring o current of
Water to Jeruialcm, nnd did it with the lacred
money, and derived the origin of the tireani from
the dittnnce of two hundred Curlongt. However.
the Jewtf wi.re not pleated wilh whaljliad been
done about Ihit water; knd many ten tboutandt
of the people got together Hnd made a clamor
againtt hiiii, and intitted th:i( he thould leave olT
Ihni deiigii. .Somebf-thein hIko uied reproachet,
and dbuted the man, at crowdt of tuch people
of. Bnt tinea' our rotpel tenchea ut, l.uk* »ltl, g,' T, that
lekrn PilaU keird of Gatitee, ht tukid wktlkt Juut
rtr* a OntiUan J ^nil a< «»i>a lU kt kntm tkmi kt l«-
longtd lo HtToi'n JHriidirlimi, ht ttnt kim I* Htr*4
And vcr. I'.'. Thii tavu daii I'llate and titrtd wirt
*f«iltfrindt tiigeihrr ;/ar btfiirt Ike) k»d ><«a a< «a-
r^M.itticeni iktmttirn. Take Ihe very probalile key
orthlimatleitlnttw wofilt orilie learned Noldlua, da
HerM. No. Jjiid. -The riinte of ihe rnmily between
Herodand I'ilale (aaya lielaeeinatohave heeh ihia,tliat
Pilate tiad Intermeditled wlih the lelrirrh'ajurlailictlon,
tndliji^tlain tome of hia nalilcan auhjectt; I.uke xiil.
' «»rfTli«m.7-li;%r!l^^^ •! •"''••S iM'Wttwminiilo correcUI.il errtf. bcMn
^ wy or tiie ttma 13th chapter of Bi. Luke Infgrmi ut I Chritt to »iod »i Ihit tlnic." , '^
♦
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ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
, .?.
fm
•304' ... ■.
uiuilly do. So he habited a great tiuiiibvr of liiii
' ioldiert in llii'Jr hubit, who cnrricd <luL'(;i;i»undir
their (piriiieuU, mid tent llieiii lo a piKce where
they might surround theui. So lie bade the
Jewi hiiuielf go nwBy ; btit they boldly ca.tinft
reproaches updii hiui, he gave the tolditr* thiit
•ijcnul which hud bi:eii beforehniid apriid on;
who laid u|K)n theui with (nuch greater bl||p«
than I'ilutc had vniuiiiaiided thmi, and eciually
punithcd thuao thnt were tuiiiultuoud, nud U)o»«
that were iiot; nor did they »|>are'theni iu the
Itint: and since the people were tinurnied, and
were caught' by iiieii prepared for whiit tiiey
were about, there were a great number ol
them ilaiil by thiii nieaas, ancTothrrs run iiWay
wounded. And thuu an end wa» put to this «e-
illtioh. ■ .
3. Now, there wa» about thii time Jc»u«, »wi««
man, if it be hmlul to call hihi a nian^ for he wan
a doer of wonderful ivprks, a teacher of Mich
men ai receive the truth with pleasure, lie drew
over lo him both many of the JewH, and many of
the Gentiles, lie was [the] Christ. And when
I'jlate, at, the suggestion of the principal men
amongtt us, had condcmitcd him to the cros»,»
• thos< that loved him at the first did not fonukc
him; fot he appeared to them alive npinthe third
day,t as the divine, prophfels had lorttiild. these
and ten thomand other wonderful things con-
cerning him. And the tribe of Christians, so
' named from Kim, are not extinct at this (Ipiy. i
4. About the saiu«. time, also, another sud ca-
lamity put the ^Jcwj into disorder, and ccrtaiii
shameful practices happened about the temple of
Isis that was at Rome, I will n6w first take no-
, ticft of the wicked attempt about the temple (>f
Isis, and will then give nn account df the Jewish
affain. There was ^t Rome a woman whose
name was Paulin'a; one who,. on account of tlie
dignity of her ancestors, and by the regular con-
duct of a virtuous life, had a great reputation:
she was also very rich, and although she were of
a beautiful cuj^ntenance, and in that flower of
her age wheSciS vjpmen are the most gay, yet
did she lead a liftt^of great modesty. She was
married td'SaturSinus, one that ivas every way
answerable to her in nu excellent .character.
Deciui Mundus fell in love with this Woman, who
was a man very. high in the etjiiestrian order;
•nil as she was of too great dignity to be eijught
by presents, and had already rejected them,
tbougb they had been sent in great abundance,
he was still more mflamed with luve to her. in-
(oiuuch that he promised to give her two hun-
dred thousand Attic drachniic for one night'ii
lodging; and when this would not prevail u|ron
her, and he was not able In bear this misf&rtune
(in bis amours, he thought it the best way to fa-
mish himself to death for want of food, on ac-
count of Paulina's sad refusal; and lie determin-
ed with himself to die after such a manner, and
he went on with his purpose'accordingly. Now,
Mnndul had a frijed-woiuan, wfto had been
made free by hii father, whose n^me nus Ide,
one skilful in all sorts of mischief. This woman
was very much grieved at the,young man's reso-
lotion to kill hiuiself, (for he did not conceal his
intentions to destroy himself from others,) and
came to him, and encouraged him by her dis-
course; and made him to hope, bv some pro-
uites she j^ve him, that he might obtain a
night'i lodging with Paulina; and when he joy-
fnUy hearkened to her entreaty, she said she
wanted no more than fifty thousand drachinx for
tfce entrapping of the woman. So when she had
tncouraged the youn^ man, and gotten as much
money as she required, she did not take the
tame methods ai had been taken before, because
the perceived that the woman was by no means
TO be tempted by money; but at she knew that
»lfe was very much given to the wornljip of the
goddess, Uis, she devised the fiillowjns "trntii-
gem: She went to some of UWt liriests, and
upon the «tr«ngfst lissurnoirs liif oftinTaliHiiit,]
she persundcd tlwiii by words, but rhlellv b.v the
(idur ol miiriey, of livi'nty-five IhoiisumI ilrurlmi;i;
ill hand, and as mucli mure when the thing |ind
taken eflecl, ami Inldjhcni the passion iil'. the
young miin, unti persjatfed them to use all minns
possible to Ijeguile tbe woman. So lliiy were
drawn in lo promise so to do, by that lar^'e suiu
of gold they were to have. .\ccorifi"j;l.v. the
oldest of tbeiii went iminediately to I'aulina
aiid, upon his admittance, he dcsireil to sprnk
With her, i)y hei-self. When that was criiiilHl
him, he toUl her, th:it " he was sent l\V llie ;r"d
Anubis, who wu* f.illen in love with her, and en-
joined her to gojjie lo him." Upon this shi: tii>k
the meesiige vijy kindly, and valued htricK
greatly upiin this cnrttli .sceiision of Anubis, iiml
told her husband, that she had a mes»aKe siiit
her, and wus to »np and He with Anubis; tr, he
agreed to her ncceptniice <if the otl'ir, as fidlv sa-
tisfied with tlie ihaslityof liis wife. Ac(Mriliu;;lv.
she went to the temidJ, and after she had siippiii
there, ami it was the hour to ro to fitvp, the
uriist shut the dooriKif the temple, win n, in the
holy part HI' ili the li;,;hls were nisi) put iMit.
Then did Muii<li*i>l<n|i' nut, (for he was liii'dm "
therein,) and iliiT.iKit tail of enjovins her, who
was nl his service all the'liight long, as suppo-
sing he was the ^od, and when he was |;oi»c
a«ay, which was before those priests who kniw
notliing'of this strntactcm were stirrinjr; I'.iidina
came early to her husband, and told hi^il hciiv the .
j;(m1 .\iiubis had apjirared to her; am mi^ her
irieijils, also, slit declared how great a vnliie she
put upon lids favor, wlio partly disbelieved the
tiling, when they reflected on its iiHUirc, and
partly were amazed at it, as having ni> pntiiue
for not believing , it, when they considered the
modesty and the dignity of the person. Bill now,
un (ht! third day after wlilft had been done, Mun-
dus met Paulina, and said, "Aay, I'nnlina, thon
hast saved me 200,000 druelima;, whicii sum thou
mightest have added to tliy own family; jet
hast thou not failed to,l)« at my service in the
inunncr I invited thee. As fur the reproaehes
thou hast laid upon Mundus, I value not the busi-
ness ofjiames; but I rejoice in the pleasure 1
reaped by what I did, uliOe I took lo.iuyself liie
name of A nobis." ,Wht ii he had said this, he went
his way. But now she bignii tot^oiue to the seii'e
of the grossness of what she had 'done, and rent
her garments, and told lier husband of the horrid
nature of this wicked contrivance, imd prajed.
him not to neglect to assist her in t}iis case. So
he discovered tlic fact to the enlperor; where- :
upon Tiberius impiiied into the matter tlu)rou;;h-
Iv, by exnmining the priests about it, lind orjU no
tliem to be crucified, aswellas IcU, who was the
occasion of their perdition, and wlliiliad contrived ,
the whole muttcri which was so injurious to the
woman. He also demolished the temple of Isis,
and gave order that her statue shauld be thrown
into the river Tiber; while he only banished
Mundus, but did no more to him, because hcsl.ip-
posed that what crime he had committed was
done out of the pission of love. Andthesc wc-e
the circumstances which concerned the. temple
of Isis, and the iniuiiea occasioned by hcrpriesU
I now return to the rcluti6n of what hajppened
about thii time to the Jews at^flme.as I former-
ly told you I would. -.-. ,
,'5. There was aninn Hiho was a Jew, but had
been driven away from his own country by -an
accusation laid against him for transgressing;
their laws, and by the fear he was under of pu-
nishment for tKfe same ; but in nil respects a
wicked man. He, then living at Rome, pro-
tessed to instruct men in the wisdom of the law
■t
<, ;"
^f
tAprUS.
oI'Mosei. He procured also three other men en-
*A.D.33.ApiU3.
#\;.
IP >vori>lii|> of th«
fullowjns "trntii-
xin'i nrirstt, mid
luf oomTuliHiiit,]
hut rh'ullv l),v the
hou'tuiiil i^mi'liiii;i)
I'll tiM! tliiiiK |iml
lie paiifiioii III. the
I) to U!i« nil iiirnni
II. Si) tliiy were
by that liiri;e siiiu
Acrorifiiigiy, (he
Dtf'ly t» I'aiiliiia
: (Icdireil tn upcnlt
that tvnii Kr:iiiti'(l
It sent by lln' iT'iJ
; with her, ami eiw
Upoi'i ihinshi: t'liik
id vnliK^d htricK
i>n of Aiiuliis, ii|ul
ind a iiies»ii);t siiit
ith Aniibi?; >" lie
e ofliT, n» fiilly •'ft-
wifc. Acc<ir(liii;;lv.
'(cr she h»<l sii|'|n:(l
n ^'o to fli'i^j), the
ni{>l<', will (It III the
ii'ic aho put iMit.
ftir he iv;i> hii'(!< ii '
eninyiiiK her. who
ht lonp, us siippo-
rheii he ivna i;oi»c
I priests who knew
re stirriiijr; roiiliim
1(1 (old hi^il hdiv the ,
tn hit; mil iiij^ her
IV great a value sht:
tly dlnlielievid the
in its iiHtiire, and
hnviiig no priti me
hey considerecl the
le person. Bill now,
ad been do)ie,Mun-
Aiiy, I'niilinn, tlion
iix, vvhich sum thou
IT own family; jet
t my service in the
for the reproaches
iTaluc nut thelinSi-
! in the pleasure 1
I took lo.iiiyself llic
ind said this, he went
tot^oiuis to the s,en<e
had'dune, and rent
usiiand of the horrid
■iiaiiee, luid prayed.
ler in tliis case. So
lie enlperor; where- '
he maMer tlu)rou;rh-
iliout it, liiid orih red
as IiW, who wSs the
lid wfliiliad contrived ;
3 so injurious to the
J the temple of Uis,
le stiaulil he tlirown
> he only banished
him, because he si.ip- .
had committed was
>ve. And these nc"e
ncerned the temple
sioned by hcrpries^i
n of what happened
|t£(ime,as I former-
was Jew, but had
own country by .an
m for trnilsgressing
lie was under of pii-
ut in all respects « ,
■ing at' Rome, pro-
le wisdom of the law
th r ee other mett e n -
BOOK XVllI.— CHAP. IV.
805
i;
(irtly ol the iame cbaracUr with himulf, to he
hit partners. These nieu pt'riuadcd Kulvia, *
woman of ki^o* dignity, and one that had em-
bracrd the Jewish rrlii^ion, to send purple and
-old .to the tein[ile nt Jerusalem, »«d when thej
ad gotten thrin, they employed them for their
own uses, and spent the iiioiiVy Iheinselves, on
• which account it was that they at .first required
it of her. Whereupon Tilienus, who had been
informed of the thing by S.itiirnluus, the husband
of Kiilvia, whu„deaireil iii(|uiry might be made
about it,, ordered nlf the Jews to be banished out
of Koine, nt which time the' consuls listed 4U00
nion out of them, and sent them to the island of
iiardinia;* but puuiahed a great number of theinV
who were unwilling to become soldiers, on ac-
ip'int of keeping tlie laws of their forefathers.
Thus were these Jews banished out of the city
by the wickedness of four men,
CHAI'. IV.
.How (he Samatilans made a Tumult, and Pilate
dtitrqyeil mimy of I hem: how Pilate wot ac-
tuseJ, and what things were ilqneiiy yitelliut
relating to tftt Jexvs aitd the ParthiaM.
} 1. liUT the nation of the Samaritans did not
escape without tumults. The man who excited
'thenl toit, was one who thought Ijiflg a thing of
little coli»e(pieiice,a»d whocoiitriveil Ivery thing
so that the multitude nii;;ht he pleased : so he
bade thent to get together upon .Mount/ieri/tim,
which Js by them looked upon .lis the inost holy
of all mountains, and assured them, that when'
■ they were come thither, he would slioiv them
those sacred vessels which were laid uiidt r that
place, because .Moscst put them there. Ho they
came thither ariucdi and thought the discourse
of the man probable; and as they abode at a
certain village, which was culled Tirathaba, they
got the rest together to them, and desired to go
up the nlountnin in a. great multitude together:
but I'ilate prevented their going up. by iieizini;
upon the roads with a great band of horsemen
and footmen, who fell upon those that were
gotten logetlna- in the village; an* when it came
to an action, some of them they slew, and others
of them they put to flight, and took a great niuiiy
alive, the principal of whom, and also the most
■ potent of those that fled %way, I'ilaje ordered to'
be slain.
2. liut when this tuiniilt was appeased, the
SainaritMlenate sent an embaiisy.lo Vilellius, a
man that "had been consul, and who jvas now
president of Syria, and accused i'ilate of the
mvKler of. those that were killed, for that they
did not go to Tirathnba 'in order to revolt from
the Konians, but to escape the violence of I'ilate.
So Vitcllius' seiit ftlnrcellus',! a friend of his, to
take care of the all'airs of Judea, and ordered
Pilate to go to Rome, to answer before the eiii-
|ieror to the accusations of the Jews. So I'ilate,
when he had tarried ten yeprs in Judea, made
haste to Rome, and this in obedience to the orders
*Oftliclianishnicntortliesc4miO Jew;) rntoSardinia
by Tilierius, see tsuctonws hi Tiber, sect. 36. But os for
Mr. Relnn(l',miotericrc.wliii;li|MiiiiosesthatJcwi could
not, runswtently with thck laws, he Bolilicrs, it is con-
tradirted liy 'oiib litanrli of tlic history liclorc us, and
tontrnry tuinnumer.ilile inM;iiirc8 0l'tlieirti«litinR and
proviiie exrellciit soldiers in war; aiid imlepd many of
tlic iKisI of them, and even iin.ier henth«n kin"8 them-
selves, did so, those I niean wlio nllowert theni their rest
on tlie Sahbathday, and other solemn festivals, and let
them live arrordinst to their own laws, iis Aleiander
tlie (treat and the I'tolrmies of Eijypt did. It.is true
tlioy could not always dhtain those privilci;es, and then
Ihoy iiot exrufipd as well as tlicy could. Or sometimes
alieolntely refused lo fi^'ll^, which seems to have liecn
the case here, as to the major part of the Jew's now
banished, but nolhinz more. Sec several of the Itonian
decrees in tlieir favor us to siirli ninticrs. Ii. »iv. rh
t M4...- «.. -. — .. ■ ■ -•'■^' ' "" ' ' " • ' ■ ann ignsi o i » a iMTi ia rn s • aim i u i i s t, s o ra cd.
not ™rt1r.l,w .Tm^' "^T •"''■""="^ '? ^■'"''' J""''-"'' of distinction, as Acts xivii. 9. was li.e great
norpartlcMlarlytoMounl(.erizziin,andaiiicetlieseSa. expistioii. k ei"
of yilellin>, which he durst not cnnfradirt;b«t
before he could get to Hnmc. Tilierius was dead.
iJ. Hut V ilcdiiiis came into JiiiUa, niid went up
Jo Jtrusali'm: it was at the t of that fi'stivat
'vhich is called the I'lissover. Vil.Uiiis Wat tlier*
magnificently received, and released the iuha
bitants of Jerusalem iruiii all the taxes upon the
froitt that were boui»|ii and sold, and gave them
leave to have the cjire of the hi^h prieslV vest-
ments, with all their (iriiaments, ami to have
them under the ciistoiiy of tlie jtriislsin thelein*
pie, which power they Used to have I'urmerly,
although nt this time they were laid up in the
tower of Anionia, the citadel so called, ami that
on lite occasion followiii";; There vins one of the
[high] priests, named llyrcanus, and as there
were many of that name. !«. wan the first of tlicin;
this man built a lower near the temple, and when
he had so done, he generally dwelt in it, and hail
these vesliiienls with him; liecanse >t4va8 lawful
..forhinialuiietumittliemon.anil hc^ailthem there
reposlted when tie went tlown ijito the city, an(l
took his ordinary garuients; Ih/saiue things were
continued to Jie done by his/sons, and by their
sons nftiT them. Hut wheri Hi rod came to be
kiiig, he rebuilt this toweiyw hi< h > :is very conve-
niently situated, in u iitiii;iii|iri 111 Hinuiier: and
because he was n^fiiend to Aiiluni;., he called it
by the iinme of Antoiiia. And as lie found these
vestments lying there, he relaiiwtJ Iheiii in the
same place, as believing that.lvh'ih!:Ke■•^wid them
in his custody, the people would ninke no iuiio.
vations against them. The like to what llerod
did Was dohe by his ton Ariihelau?, who was
made king after liiui; alter whom the lioinans,
when they ^'nlc'red on the govi riiiueni, toiik pos-
session of thcic vestnieiifs of the high priest, and
had them reposited iii a »l(nie cliaml,(i', under
seal of the priests, and of the keepers of (he
t'einple, the cnptail t>( the guard I, ;htinK a lamp
there every day; ind seven days before u fes-
tival they Here>delivcred to them by lh«' Ciutnin
of the guard,{ whch.khe higJi priestJiiniviiig pnri-
fii'd them, and made u -e oi tfietii^fiMFflitiu u;i
again in the s^ne chaiiil.vr whertM^^liad bfen
laid up before, and this ti e veryH«4^jit 'day after
thb; feast was over. Thu was (liV! practice at
the three yearly festivals., and "(uj (he -iWrt day;
but Vitellius put these garmi ii^s into our. own
power, as in the days of our fi.refathurs, and or-
dered ths captain of the guartl not to (roilble
himself to inquire itlicre they were laid, or \vh*ii
they were to be used t and this he didasanact
.of kindness, to oblige the nation to him. IJesides
which, he also deprived Jpseph, who was also
called Caiaphas, of^thc hi^'li priesthood, and ap-
pointed Jonathan, the son of Aiianut, the former
■tiigh priest, to succeed hi.n. After which, he
took his jonrney buck to Antioch.
•I. Moreover,' Tiberius suit a letter to VitelRus'i
and commanded him to inakr « league of friend-
ship with Artaliaiiu.s, tlie king of I'arthia; for,
while he was hiseneiiiy, he terrified hiiu, becnusc
he had taken Armenia away Irom hiniilett he
maritans liavc alrailition aniop!! tliein related hereby
Ilr. Hudson, from Rcland, who vviia very skilt'ul In
Jewish and Samaritan lenriiiii::. that In the dayeof
I'zui or Ozzi tlie liii;h priest, 1 <l run. vi. Ii, the orK and
other sacred vessels were, liy (Jod's command, laid up
or hidilcnin Mount <;(ri/.ziin, it is liialily probable that
this was the tbolisli t'ouuilaliiin itio |>rrseiit Saniarilins
went upon in the sedition here de.-'crilied, und tliat wo
should read hero i'-Ttui, instead of M;uuTi«,- In Iho
text of Josephiis.
(This mention of thi; hit-li prie.^lV sacred i;ariuchta
received seven days hetiirc a fislival, and purilicd In
those daysas»i>ist a festival, as having been poljiitcij,
by hcinK in tlie custody ol' heathens, iii Jos.-'plius, agrees
well wiifi the tradiiioli* of tlie TalmudisiK, us Reland
here ahsofvcs. Nor is thJtc any question but ilic three
feasts here nicniinncd. were tli» I'assuvcr. I'eiitecost,
and feast o f T a lmri ia cle s • and tl i u fti s t, !
l i ed, l i y way
Ml, l i y w
:at day
of
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
309 ANTIQUITIEB u» 1 Ht JEWB.
•boul.) procted farther. >Dd told him h« ihould no i nation of the B«t«ne«iJ iL. t»iirtjf-i«T«n y«.r..
Xrw".. tra.t himtlu.nuponhi.gi»inKhin. he- H. h«. .(.owed hu»«lf a J^'J' »' "«''i«"'^»
Uret. und ..uecially hi. Jim Art»b.nM. Upon .nd quUlM... in the conduct »' hi. ••» .nd RO-
Tiberiiis'.writing thu. to Vitelliu., by the oBer
of great nrcitnu of ntoney, lie p«riu«d«d both
the king of Iberia, and the king of Albania, to
make liu deliiy, but to fight againit Artabaliuii
and although they wouliT not do it then».*lvei<.
y«t did they give the ijcythiHn* a paiiage through
their country, and o|iened the Cuipian piit«'» to
♦ ' * theui, and brought them upon Artal>aiiu». So
Armenia waa again taken from llie rarthiaiii, and
the country of I'arthia was tilled with war, and
the principal of their men were *lain, and all
things were in disorder aiiiong theni: the king',
ion aUo hiiitaelf fell in theie wars, logetlMir with
luaoy ten thouiaiid. of hia army. Vilelliua had
alao lent .auch great auii» of money to Arlaba-
nus'i father', kinaiiicn and fricnda, that he had
alinoat procured him to be alaiii by th« means of
"• those bribe, which thev hud taken. And when
Arlabauu. perceived that the plot laid against
him tvas not tp be avoided, liejrauac it wa. laid by
the principal men, artd those a great maivy in
number, and that it would certainly take effect;
Aticii he bad estimated the number ofthoae that
were truly faithful to him, a> also of those Who
wire already corrupted, but were deceitful in the
kindness they professed to him, and'were likely,
tipon trial, to go over tohisenemie«, hemadehin,
escape to the upper provinCes, where he after-
ward raised a great army out of the Uaba: and
Sacae, and fought with bia encmiea, and retaiiitid
hia prineiaality. .
5. When Tibcriua had heard of these thinga,
he deaired to hare a league of friendahip made
between hiin and Arlabanus; and when,, uoon
this invitation, he received lhe<tirdposal kindly,
Artabanus and Vitelliua went ta^Euphrates, and
as a bridge Waa laid over the river^ th«y eauh of
them came with their guards abobt them, and
met one another on the midst of the bridge. And
when they had agreed upon the term, of peact-s
Herod the tetrarch erected a rich tent in the
mid.t of the paaaage, and made them a feto|
there. Artabanus also, not lan<; afterward, srHt
hia aon Darius aa a hostage, with many nrcsenta,,
among which there wa. a iitau seven cubit, tall,
a Jew he wa. bj birth, and hia name was Elea-
zar, who, for bis tallness, was called a giant.
After which Vitelliu.-went to Ajilioch,and Arts-
banu. to Babylon; but Herod [the lytrarch] being
desirou.to give Cssar the first , information that
they had obtiiinecl hostages, aent posts with let^
tera, wherein he had accurately dfijcribed all the
particulars, and had left nothing for the consular
Vitelliua to inform him of. llut when Vitcllius's
letter, were aent, and CSesar had let him know
that he was acquainted with the eflTairs already,
because Herod had giveii him an account of them
before, Vitelliurwas very iiiitch troubled at it;
and supposing that he had been thereby a greater
sufferer than he really was, he kept up a secret
anger upon thi. occaaion, till' he could be re-
venged on him, which was after Caiua.bad taken
the government. , /
6. About this time it wa. that Philip, Herod/,
brother, departed this life, in the twentieth year
of the reign of Tiberius,* after he had beei/te-
veriiinent ; he conatantly lived in that coanttjr
which waa subject to hini;t he used to Biake hi.
progress with a few chosen frienda; hia tribunal
also, on which he sat in judgment, followed hiu
ill hi. progress; and when any one met hini who
wanted Ida as.islance, he umfle no delay, but had
his tribunal aet down immediately, wheresoever
he hapiwiied to be, and sat down upon it, and
heard his complaint: he tliere ordered the guilty
tiiat were convicted to be punished, and absolved
those that had been nccmrd unjustly. lie died
at Julias; and when he was carried to that monu-
ment which he had already erected for himself
beforehand, he was buried with great pomp. His
principality Tiberius took; for he left no aolia be-
hind him, and added it to the province of Syria;
but gave dn'er that thft tributes which arose
from it ahould be collected, and laid up in hia
tetrarchy.
CHAP. V.
Herod.tht Telrarch,mak€$ ff^armlhArttiu.lht
King of Arabia, and i$ bealen byhitli; at alto
• eunciming the D€a(h vfjohnlhtliaftitt;hov
yUiUiut wcnftiD to Jervtaieml to'gelKtr witk
fome Account ifAgrippa, andofikt fetlttily
pf Herod the Great,
} 1. About thia time Arctas, the king ofnAra-
bia Fe(rea, and Herod, had a quarrel on the ac.
count following^ Herod, the tetrarch, had mar-
ried the daughter o( Aretas, and had lived with
her a great wlil|H|^ut when he waa <>^re at
Rome, lie lod|||^^^|^<\;;od, who was tiili,bro-
ther indeed,,,)l^^^H)' the< Mnie mother; fur
thia Herod t<raHV.on of the High priiist Si-
Bion'. daughl*?, .Ifetvever, l^e fell in love with
Herodias, tki. lait Herod', wife, «vho. wu the
daughter ijfrAri.tobulua. their brother, and the
aister of Agrippa the Great; thi. man ventured
totally to- her about a marriage batween them,
which addrea. when .he admitted, an agreement
wa. niade for her to change her;Jkabitation, aad .
come to him as aoon a. he ihould return from
Home: one article of this niarriage alao waa
this, that he .hould divorce Aretas'. daughter
So Antipaa. when he had made this agreement,
sailed to Rome; but when he hud done there the
business he Went about, and wa. returned again,
his wife, having -discovered the agreement he
hud made with. Herodias, and having learned it
ijtfore he had notice of her knowledge of the
whole design, she desired him to .end her to .
Macherus, which is a place in the borders of the
dominions of Aretas and Herod, without infonu-
ing him of ainy of her intentions. Accordingly
Herod sent her thither, a. thinking his wife had
not perceived any thing. Now, she had seat a
good while before to Macherus, who waa subject
tcr'her father, and jso all things necessary forTier
-fouriiey were'iiiade readv for her by the general
%C Aretas'* army; and oy that means she soon
came into Arabia, iinder tne cond uci of the seve-
ral general., who earned her from one to an-
other successively, and she soon came to be f^'
ther, and told him. of Herod*, intentions. So
Aretas made th!'. the first occasion of hia enmity
trarchofTrachonitis, andGaulonitisj andof the 'between him and Herod, who had also aoiiie
* Till, calculation from all Jo«pliua's Greet/ ropier
isoar.lly right; for since Herod died about Heiiteinlier,
liitke<4th year before the Christian era, and'Tibcriu.
began, as i. well known. Aiiiiust Id. A- 1>. M, it is evi-
dent that the 37th year of Pliilip. reckoned from liis fa-
ther's dciitb, wa. the Slitli of Tiberius, or near the end
of A. D. '.13, (the very year of our Haviours death also,
or, however, in the beilinninfi of the nixi year, A. I).
:i4.) This Philip the tetrarch seem* to have been the
beat of nit the posterity of Iletod. for hi. lOve of pviM\e,
and hhi l o v e of Jus ti ce.
t An excellent example ttiis.
i This Rerod seem, to have hadihe additional name
■ttPhUjPiU Antipa. was namet/ //crad'^adf at, and
"oB Antipaa and Antipater Kcm to be in a manner the ve-
ry aaine nkme, yci were the names of two sons of He-
rod the flre»t ; so mifiht Philip the tetrarch and tips He-
rod-Philip be two difleredt sons of the same father, all
which Grotius observes on Matt. xlv. 3. Nor was.il, as
I agree with Grotius and others of the I.earned, PhiHp
the tetrarch, but this llernd-Philip, whose wife Herod
the tetrarch had married, and that in her first hus-
band's lifetime, and when her first husband had Issue
by her: for which ndulterous and incestuous nuirri>tge>
I lohn the Bapti s t Ju s tly repr o ved Her o d thffetraKn-
J-
H" . . .
and for which reproof Salome, the daughl
diiis, by her first husband Herod-I^hilip,
ous man
_tliM^
hwPo^,
Who wa
'ogwera-
, .. lo was Mill
iur«e,'<iccasioMd him to be unjustly bellied.
nnoK xviii— CHAP. v.
367
ttiirtjr-MTcn ynn.
ton of nio<J«re(ion
of hii III* BBd f^-
(1 in that coanlr^
e uivd lo Biakc hid
ricndi; hit tribunil
nient. followril hini
y one mrt liini who
t no delar. bul hul
iatrly, wnnrenoevcr
down upon it, iind
B ordeTeit the ti"il'.v
liahcd, and •biolveil
unjuitly. lie died
arried lo that nionu-
crected for hinuelf
ith great pomp. Hit
r he left no aoiia be-
e province of Syria;
il>utcs which uroM
and laid up in hit
r. ;■■
y'aririlhArttiu.lkt
aitnbyhifh; aialto
ohn IhtHaptUl; h»v>
iidemi to'gelKtr leHh
andoflht foiltrily
tat, the king of Ara-
a quarrel on the ac-
! tetrarch, had mnr-
and had lived with
hen he v>a» i^pre at
)d, who wai tiili,bro-
I' taine mother; for
r the High prittt Si-
l^e fell in love with
I wife, who. wu the
leir brother, and the
t; ihia man veoturad
ri.a|^ between theni,
uittcd, an agreement
e her^bitation, and .
I should return froui
I niarriage alto wai
e Aretat'i daughter..
nade thii agreement,
le hud dune there the
I wai returned again,
[) the agreement he
and having learned it
ler knowledge of the
him to tend her to
in the borders of the
erod, without infonu-
ntiong. Accordingly
thinking hit wife bail
Now, the had teat a
erut, who wat subject
ngs necetsary for ner
or her by the general
that meant the toon
a conduct of the ieve-
her /row one to an-
i toon came to h<r fa-
frod't intentiont. So
iccasion of hit enmjtr
who had alto some
to be in a manner the ve-
lanics of two aona of He-
the tetrarcli and t)pa He-
jt of the tame father, alt
tt. xlv. 3. Nor wiit.il, as
era of tlin learned, Philip
liUip, whose wife Herod
d that in her lirtt Imt-
r flrtt buthand had inue
ind inccwtuoui nwrriitge>
wed Herod thaWetrawh-
iiunrril with him «boul thtlr liiml^ "l lb'' •''Hin-
try ortJaniiiHli". Sr) thiy nii- .1 innir- im b.ilh
iiiii- iliiil pr. |>iiiTil lur wnl-. 1111.1 .I'lil Hiiir geiii-
raliii. liLrlit.iM»t<n<l of llnm-lvr^; mul wl'rn
th.'y liiici joiiK.I bmilt, "11 ll.riHl> iinnv iviwdr-
tlrcntil by the tfpiirbfry ot »iiiiip Iii|;iIhi-'. why,
tiiouph tlivy wrre of ihr l< Ininliy "f IMiilip, .H'ln-
ed uitli Arctiit's nnm. Si ll</oil niutv i>l>'iut
tbene iilliiirt to ■|'ili<"'nii«, Mh,i, b. irig vir) niiijiy
at the «tl4>m|it mnili' Jiy Ar< tin. wrolci to Vitelline
In niiiki! wnr upon biiii, iiiul cither to tiikti hiin
alive, and liiins him to biiu in liond', or to kill
him, 1111(1 sinil hin» bin hriul. Thii wun llm i liiirs"'
thiit 't'ibfriiiii giivc lo the prtilili lit ot' Sj ria.
'i. iNiiw. wiHif of the J«w« Ihoiifflit tliiit tliede-
tlruction (if H'^riiil't nniiy iiiiiH^fropi <i"'li ■>')''
that vtTV junllv, nil a puninhiiiciit of^liat h(^ did
ngnih«t 'Jiilin, 'tliai w.is nilhd Hie Hnpti^t, lor
Herod iliw •''"'> "ho wm ii K"0'l "">"• :'•»' ''o'"-
maiidi'd the JcHH lo (xcrci^e viitiic, bulb as lo
iJKl't''oit»n<'!>s towurds ohu iinothcr, mid pi( ty
fowiinU Ooil, and wi to come to Imptlsiiii; for
thnt the ivanbing [with iviilcrj ivoul<l<(hi^ aiciiit-
abl« to bini, if tlit'y made use of it, not In order
to ll|(; putting niwiyYor IIkv iriiilsiiioii] of Koine
tint [only,] but lor the piifilli-iillon of the boily;
suppotiii',' »till lliilttho^oitl nii»llioroii;{lily pini-
fied b< lorehnnd by righti.ui'.neBs. iVimv, whrii
fiiiaiiv] (ithirs c:i"ni(^.l)t rioniis iihdut liim, for
they ivere ijrt'litiv iiioviil f(>r iilciiv'ill by heiiriiit;
his wiltcU, lltToi), who f. mivII lii|i tlie urcut lii-
fliiciirp John hiid over the pcipli- ir#^lit pnl^
into hU ])owir.iintl iiidiiiMtion la rni«! rcbeliiiin,
(for till V sci'iiK^rto (io niiy thing be slioulil iid-
viM\) thon;;ht it hf«t, by p'uttln;.; linn to ili'iilli. Id
prevent nliy iniM-bief be .t\ii<,'lit ciiiixe, uni|-.-iiot
liriiig blnwelf into (IKliculties, by spiiring a man
who mi'^'hl make him rciirnl of it when it should
tbo Into. ArKordiii^fy, li<-»vnii tenia pn«|||n#i-
out of H( rod's suspi(i..iii tiiiiper, tii AinclieriiK,
the. eaullc I bifore nii litioned, iind was there put
todenfh. iVoW.the JeW!, had an opinion that tht!
dettruction of this nriiiy »vn^ sent ns «(, punish-
ment upon Kerod, and a mark of Oocl's UitiJea-
sure ngnintl hini.
'3. So Vitelliiis prepared to niak(; iviir with Are-
ta», having W'ilb him two 1( ffUin" of ^niicil men:
he also took with him uUthoseof li|;lLtiiriiiatiiir,
and of the bo/semen Hhirh bd'jiigi d to lln'in,
■and 'were diawn out of ttrose klnjifdouis whi<-li
were under the Koinans, nii'l ina''i' ha-te Uir
Petra, and came to I'tuleinais. lint as he Was
marching very busily, aild lindrnp; bis anuy
through Judca, the minripnl men Oief liini, ami
desired that he would not thus mnroh through
their land; for that, the laws, of their country
would not piTinit them to overlnok thoscimnges
■ tvhich were bronght into it, of which tin re were
a great many in their ensifjiis; so he was per-
suaded bvvyliat they taid, and changed that reso-
lution ol' his, which he had before taken in tbit
matter. Whereupon he ordered the army tn
maroh'alohg the great plain, while he hinisell',
with llerocfthe tetrarch, and his friends. Went Up
to Jerusalem tobflir sacrifices to Ood,an ancient
festival of the Jews then just approaching; and
when he had been there, and been honorably
entertained bv the multitude of the Jews, he
made a stay ifiere f!>r three days, within which
time he deprived Jonathan of the high priest-
bond, and uave it to his brother Theophnus. But
when on tTio. fourth day letters.. xiime to him,
which informed him of the deiKh 'of Tiberius, he
obliged the m nltitude to take an oath of fidelity
toCaius; he also recalled his army, and made
them every one go home, and tike their winter-
' quarters there, since upon the devolution of the
empire upon Caius, he had not the like authority
of niakinn this war wliicli he iiml before. It. wat
alio repurldt, thai lylieii /Vri^as heiird of the
eominx "I Viiilliin to fij,Hil Iriui, he said, upo«
his coimilliiig the iiiiiiii r-. tlial'it was iiiiposii.
lite that this ariii\ oi Viiell.us I'oulil Inter I'c-
Ira; lor that ime ol' Ihinili is would die, riUier
he that (;iiv(! iinlcis lor the war, or be that wat
iiiar' hiiig lit the other's deniic, in t'irib r to be
sullscrvidit to bis will, or i Ne he irp^aiiisl nliiini
this army is |ire|iareil. So Vitilliu'. truly relireil.
to Antioeh; but A(;iippa,the son of Ari.stoijiilus,
went lip to Rome, a y< ar belong the death of
Tiberius, ill order lo treat dl some lirl'airs with
the wnperor, if he might lie |ieriiftjled so to do.
I have now a niiml to ibsirilie llfrod and his
family, bow it iareil with tin in, partly beeause it
is stntable to this hi-tory to spi ak ol' Uiat mat-
ter, and partly l)ecaii«- ills tbiliu; is a di'iiionslra-
lion of tlie iiitf rnosiiioii of I'luvidi nee, how a
multitude ofi'bililri'ii is of no iid vantage, no more
than any other streiiglb that niankiiid set their .
hearts upon, besides those aits of piety which
art^done towards llml; lor it happened, that
within the revululion of a hundred years, the
(losterity of llrriid, who were a great many in
number, w( re, excepting a few. utterly destroy-
ed.* One may well apiily this for the instruction
of mnukliid,.Bnd learn theiiee how unhappy they
were; it will idso show us llu' history of Agrippa,
who, as^e was a persim niTwt Worthy of ndinira-
tiijn, so wns be froin a private man, iieyond all
the expectation of those that knew him, advan-
ced ti> great power and nutlioiily. I have tai(l«
sometliiugof them for/i«erlj, but I shall now also
upeak aciMiintcly about them.
4. Herod Ihe'tJreat had two (laugiiters by Ma^
riamne, tlU! fg'""''') daughter of Hyrcanus; the
one was Salampsiq who was inarriid.to I'hasa-
elils, her first cousiii, who was bimsdf the son
of I'liasaelus, Herod's brother, hiT father making
the match ; the other was Cy pros, who was hrrselt
married also to her first cousin Anti|>ater, the son
of Salome, Herutl's sister. I'hnsaelus had five
children by Salampsio.- Antipatcr, Herod, and
Alexander; and two daughtc:i-8, Alexandra and
Cypros; which last, Agrijipn, the son of Aristo-
bulus, inairied, nnd Timius of Cyprus married
Alexandra; he was a man of note, but "had by
her no children. Agrippa hail by Cvproi two
sons, nhd lhre(.' daughters, which dauKhtcrs were
named Iternice, Marinmne, and PrusiJia; but the
names of the sons were Agrippa and Drusus, of
A\h<mi, Uiusus died before he came to the years
of puberty ; but their father, Agrippa, was brought
up. with liis other brethren, Herod and'Aristubu- ^
lus, furtiiese were also the sons of Ileroit the
Xireat, by Uerriice : but Hernice was the daughter
of Costobarus and of Salome, who wsis Herod't
sister. Arittobttlus left these infants, when he
was slain by bis father, together with his brother
Alexander, as we have Slready related. Hut '
when they were arrived at years of puberty,
tliit Herod, the brother of Agrip|)a, married
Marinmne, the daughter of Olympias, who was j
the daughter of Herod» the king, and of Joseph,
the son of Joseph, who was brother to Herod (he
king, and had by her a snii, Arittobuluii; but
Aristobulus, the third brother of Agrippa, mar-
ried Jotape, the daughter of Sainpsigeramus,
king of l'.niesa;f they nad a daughter who W'us
\ deaf, whose name also was Jotape: and these
'■ hithejttuwere the children of the male line. Hut
I Herodias, their sister, was married to Herod
I [I'hilip,] the son of Herod the Great, whp was
: born of Mariamne, the daughter of .'Jimeon .the
I high priest, who had a daughter, Sal(iiue; -after
j whose birth Herodias took upon her to confouiid
the laws of our country, ami divorced herself
* IVhether this midden eillnlrtlnn of alimwt th«i en- own nephe«vs and pier(!8,yYcll(lcsfrrettol)e<;oiitlderej
e, the daughwf oUlera-
rod'l'hllip. Who WM itiU
justly bellied.
tire lineage of Herod the Great, which wat very nume-
rous, at wc are lioth here and in the neit sertion in-
formed, wai not in p^rt at a pnnishinent for the f;roti
;Bceitithey were frequently guilty of, in marrylnitbeir
> 48
' SeeLevlt: xviii. 6^7; xil. lU, andMoldlul, Dc Herod.
' No. 26», iTO.
t Tliere are coini itill extant'of IhltEoieMi uBpaa-
tielminfoi^iiiiut.
« O « ' .
308
IQCll
ANTIQCIITIES OF THE JEWS.
frAm Kcr huaband jivhiln he ivr» n1ii«>, and w«i
married (o Herod [Aiittpan,] her huilnndV bn>-
tber by thet'ather't'iide; he waa Irlmrch o(Ciah-
lee: but her ^uiiKhlcr Salome waa iiinrricd^ to
Philip, the aoii of Herod, and trtrarch of Tra-
chonitii, and, na he died childlria, Ariatobulua,
the %on of Heroil, the brother of Agrippa, mar-
ried her; they had thr«'e aoiia, H^rod, Attripp*;
and Ariatobulua; ami thia waa the poaterily of
PhaaaeluH iiml Salaiii|wio. Ilut the daughter *>(
ADiiiiaIrr by Cyproa, waa Cypres, whom Alexaa
Selcina, the'auii of Alexat, married; they had a
dmghler, (.'ynroa; but Herod and Alexander,
who, aa we tiild you, were the brothers of Ami-
pater, died childleaa. Aa to Alexander, the aon
of Herod t|^t king, who waa alatn by hia father,
he hn<l two aoAa, Alexnnder and Tigrniiea, by the
daughter of A rchelnua, kin); of C'uppaducitt; Ti-
granea, who waa king of Arnienin, wua accuni'd
at Rome, and died childleaa; Alexander had a
■on of the aame name with hia brother Ti^mnea,
and waa aent to take poiaeaaion of the kingdom
of Armenia by Nero; he had a aon, Alexaader,'
who niarrii'd Jotape,* the daughter of Antiochua,
the king of Conmiagena; Veaprinn made him
king of an itland in Ciliria. Hut these deacend-
anla of Alexander, aoon after their birth, deaerted
the Jewiah religion, and went over to that of the
Gr^eka; but for the rest of the daughtera of He-
rod the king, it happened that they died childleaa.
And aa the deacendanta of Herod, whom we have
enumerated, were in being attheVamc time that
, Agrippa the Great took (he kingdom, and I have
now giveii an account of (hem, it now reniaina
that I relate the aeveral hard fortuhea which be/
fell Agrippa, and how he got clear of them, and
waa advanced to the greateat height of dignity
' andpower.
CHJlj^. VI.
Oflht JVavigationofKingAgrippn toRome, to
I Tibtriut Ca$ar; andhote, vvon his being nc-
euted by hit own Freid-man, he was bound; how
alto he wat set at Libert}) by Caiut, after Tibe-
riui'i Death, and wat made King of the Te-
trarchy Iff Philip.
\ 1. A ijlTLE before the death of Herod the
<ing, Agrippa lived at Rome, and waa generally
brought un and convened with Uruaua, the em-
peror Tiberius'a aon, and contracted a friendahip
with Antonia, the wife of Druaus the Great, who
had hia mother Berpice in great eate^i, and waa
lu^- deliroua of advancing her aon. "Now, as
Agrippa waa by nature magnanimoua and gene-
roua in the preaents he niadet while hia mother
waa alive, this inclination of his iiiind did not ap-
pear, that he might be able to avoid her anger
ibr such his extVavagancc ; but when Bernice.
naa dead, and he was left to hia own roifduct, he
: a|)itit a great dealextrava^antly in Ids daily way
of living, and a great deal in tile iuiinoderate pre-
KOti be made, and those chieHy among Cssar'a
freed-nien, in order to gain their assistance, inso-
much that he was in a little time reduced to
poverty, and could not live at Rome any 'longer.
Tiberius also forbade the frienda of his deceased
aon to come in his sight, because on seeing them
he ihould be put in mind of his son, and his grief
would thereby be revived.
3. For these reasons he went away from Rome^
and iailed to Judea, but in evil circuinstancea,
being dejected with 4he loss of that money which
he once had, and because lie had not where-
withal to pay his creditors, who were many in
HuntbeTi and auch as gave him no room for es-
caping them. Whereupon be knew not what to
ltd; so, for shame of hia present condition, he re-
tired to a certain tower, at Malatha, in Idumea,
and had thoughts of killing hlmarlf, but hW'.
wifet'yprns perrrived hia intrntitmi, nial tried
a|l sorts of methods tii divert him from taking
>uch a course: so she sent a letter to his aiatcr
herodlaS, who wua now (he wife of Herod the
lelrarib. and lei her know Agrippa 'a present de-
sign, and what nei-i'>»lly it naa whirh ilrovi' him
therein, and deplred her, aa a lunawonibn of hia,
Ig give him her help, and lo engage her hnvlmnd
to (Jo the aame, aince she aaw huw she alleviated
(bene her husband's troiihlea all ahe couhl, al-
though ahe had not Ihe like wrallh to ilo it
withul. So they aent for hiui, and allotted him
Tiberlaa for his habilatlon, and appointed him
aoine income of money for Ilia maintenance, and .
made him a magislra'tn of that city, by wny of
honor to liiiii. Vet did nut Heroil lung rontinur
in ihal reaolution of supporting him, though even
that aiipport waa not aullicient for him; for, as
onco they were at a fcuat at Tyre, anil in their
cups, and repriiachea were cast ujion one ono-
ther, Agrippa thou|;ht that was not In be borne,
while Herod hit him in the teeth with his po-
verty, and with his owing his necessary food to
him. So he went lo Klaccus, one I hut tiad been
consul, atid had been n very great frie^id In him at
Konu' formerly, and was now president of Syria.
'i. Hereupon I'lacnis rertiived him kindly, and
he lived with him, Klaicus hud nUo with him
there Aristobulus, nho was iiiileeil Agrippa's
brother, but was at variance with hini; y«t did
not thiHr eiiinlly loone another hinder the friend-
ship xifl'laccus to iheni both, but still they were
honorably treated by him, However, Aristo-
bulus diif not abate of his ill-will to Agrippa, till
at length he broagbl him into ill terms with
t'laccua: the occasion nf bringing on which es-
trangement was this: the Pamascene* were at
dillcrence with the ijidonians about llieir limits,
and when' Fliiccus was about to hear the cause
between them, they understood that Agrifipn had
a mighty liiiluencc on him; so they desired that
he would be of their aide, and lor that favor
promised jiim a great deal of money; ao he was
zealous in assisting the Damascenes as fur as he
waa able. Now, Aristobulus had gotten iniclli-
gence of this promise uf money to him, and ac-
cused him to Klaccus of the same; and'when.
upon « thorough examination of the matter, it
appeared plainly ao to be, he rejected Agrippa
out of the number of his friends. So he was re-
duced to the utmost necessity, and came to Pto-
lemais; and because he^ki^w not where else to
get a livelihood, he thought to sail to Italy; but
as he was restrahied from so doing by want of '
money, be desired Marsyas, who was nis fre^d-
man, to find some method fof procuring him so
mucins be wanted for that jnirposAj by borrow-
ing such a sum of some person or otheK So
Marsyas desired of Peter, who was the freed-maii
of Bernice, Agrippa's mother, and by the right
of her testament tvas bequeathed to Antonia, to
lend so much upon Agrippa's own bond and se-
curity; but he accused Agrippa of having de>
frauaed him of certain sums of money, and so
obliged Marsyas, when, he made the bond of
20,000 Attic drachma', to accept of 2,500 drach-
mief leas than what he desired, which the other
allowed of, because he could not help it. Upon
the receipt of this money Agrippa came to An-
thedon, and took shipping, and- was going to set
sail; but Herennius Capito, who was the pro-
curator of Jainnia, sent a band or soldiers to de-
mand of him 300,000 drachmae of silver, which
were by- him owing to Ciesur's treasury while he
was at Rome, and so forced him to stay. He
then pretended that he would do as ho bade him:
but when uight came on, he cut his cables, and
— * BpiBhelni a l su h i ftnui s u s o f a c oin still eilaat of o f the A t tic quantity o f use i i iu n cy, wh i ch w a s the
thialolape, danshterofthekingofCommagena. eighth part of the original sum, or 121-3 ftr csal. for
t Bpanheim oSservea. that We have here an initanc* | meh If thi proportion of S,SUO to S0,000.
%
DooK xviii.-CHAP. vr:
960
liiniilrir, but hit
ithKK, ni|[l trincl
liiii from Uking
trr (o hi) •liter
ifr (if llrrod th)i
ipii'li phncnl (In-
which (Irovi- him
iiiHWOiiiiiii nl hit,
;nK« hvr hiiflmml
jw fhe ■llevint«d'
II ih« coulil, at-
ivrnlth to ilo it
liiil aljoltril him
il nppoiiltefl him
iniiitvnuncr, and ..
t city, by wny of
'Oil lunK contiiiur
him, thungheven
. fur him ; for, a*
'yrn, anil in their
t ujiun one ano-
I not In be borne,
eth with hia po-
ner<'«»nry fixxl to
ni' thiit tMid been
>t frMid to him at
renidcnt of Syria.
I him kimllv, and
id alio with him
iiiileiMl AKrippa'o
ith him; y«t did
hinder the frien»l-
nt xtill they were
However, Ari»to-
II to Agrippn, till
o ill terms with
\ug on which ca-
nascenr* were at
bout their liuiita,
to hear the cauae
that Agri:|)pn hod
they desired that
nd lor that favor
noney ; ao he was
cues aa fur as he
lud gotten iniclli-
y to him, and ac-
aame; and'when,
of the matter, it
rejected Agrippa
a. So he was re-
and came to Plo-
not where else to
sail to Italy; but
doing by want of '
ho was his fre^d-
procuring him so
rpos«< by borrow-
lon or otheK So
was the freed-nian
, and by the right
led to Aiifonia, to
own bond and se-
pa of having de-
of money, and to
lade the bond of
pt of 2,500 drach-
, which the other
lot help il. Upon
■ippa came to An-
il- was going to set
who was the pro-
of^ soldiers to de-
c of silver, which
treasury while he
him to May. H»>
lou ho bade him:
ut his cablet, and
I-
-1
icy, aviiicli wn the
ir 12 1-3 pit ceal. for
0,000.
want off, and tailed to Alexandria, where he de-
sired Alexander tbealabarch* to lend hiiiia«0,000
drarhniar; but he tsid he would not leml it to
him, but wuuhl not refunn it to (.'yphia, aa irently
Bstoniiiieil at her allrrlion In he^ hiinhand, and
at the other iualancea of her »irtue; ao she un-
dertiiok to repay it. Acrordmnly. Alexander
paiil llieui five liilenla at Ale\iiii>rria, anfl pro-
iiiiard to pay Iheni the rial of that sum at l>i-
cearrhia [iMili'iili;] and Ihia he did nut of the
(tar hewnaiu Ihiit Agripp^i would soon spend it.
So thia (,'ypros act her hiialiniid (I'ee, and dis-
iniaapil him to e<> un with hit iiuvignlii>n to Italy,
while she oiid her chililren depHfled for Juitea.
4. And iHJW Agrippa was come to Futeoli,
whence he Wrote u letter to Tiberius Cieaar, who
then lived at (^ipre:e, and told him, that he was
come ao I'dp in order to wait on hiiti, and to pay
him a viait; and deaired that he would ||;ive him
leave to come over to Caprew; ao Tiberius iiiaiKo
lio diincully, but wrote to him in an obliging way
tn other reapecta, iind withal told him,, he waa
glud of his safe re(urn, and deaired him to come
toC'iipreie; and when he iVas come, he did not
fail to treat hiin.aa kindly as he had promiard
him ill hja letter to do. Hut the next day came a
letter to Cietar from llerenniusCapito, to inform
him ihat^Agriiipjt had burrowed three hundred
thouaaiul drachniie, and not paid it at the lime
appointed; but, when it was demanded of him,
he rait away like a fugitive, out of the places un>
d«r his guvernmeiit, and put it out uf his power
to gctthe money uf hini, VVhep ('xinr liai| rend
this Irllcr) he wui much troubled ut il, and gave
order that Agrippa ahoiild be excluded from hia
presence until he had. paid that debt: upon
which he was. noway daunted at Cieaar's angeri
but entreatcit Antunia, the mother of .Ueriuani-
rua, (ind of Claudius, whu was afterward Cieaar
himaell\ to lend him those three hundred thou-
sand drachmae, timt he might nut be deprived of
Tibcrius's friendship; so, out of regard to the
nienioiy of Uernice his mother, (for tiieae two wo-
men were very fiiniiliar with one nnollier,) and
out of regard to hia and Claudius's education to-
gether, she lent him tite money; and, upon the
payment of thia debt, there was nothing tb hin-
der Ti1)eriu:i's friendship to him. After thia,
Tiberius Ciesar reconitiieniled to him hia grand-
sou.')' and ordered that he should alwuva accom-
pany him when he Aent abroad, fiul, upon
Agrippa's kind reception by Antonin, he betook
hiinself to |iay his respects to Cnius, who was
hcrgrandion, and in very high reputation, by
reason of the good-will they bore his father.)
Now there was one Thallua, a freed-man of Cie-
sar, of whom he borrowed a million of drachnnr,
and thence repaid Antoniathedebt he owed her;
and by spending the overplus in paying his court
to Caius, became a person of great authority
with him.
5. Now as the friendship wlych Agrippn had
for Cniut was come to a great height, there hap-
pened some wordsto pass between them, as they
one* were in a chariot together, coAcernlng Ti-
berius; Agrippa praying {Tto God,] (for they two
. tat by themselves,) that Tiberius might soon go
off the stage, and leave the government to Caius,
who was in every respect more worthy of it.
Now, Eutvchus, who wat Agrippa't freed-man,
and drove nis chariot, heard these words, and at
thai time said nothing of them: but when Agrip-
la accused him of stealing some garments of
is, (which was certainly true,) he ran aivay from
him; but when he wat caught, and brought be-
fore Pita, who Wat governor of the city, and the
■nan was asked why he ran away'? he replied,
that he had toine>vhat to tay to Cmsar, that tend-
«d to his tecurity and preservation; toJPito
bound him, and tent him toCaprex. But Tibe-
• The goywnor of the JcwB thcro.
fi'Uwrius Junior. { '^ermanlciia.
Ei
riui, arcoriling lo hit uiual custom, kept him atlH
i(i biindai bciiiir ii drUyir of alTairi, H ever Ihrr*
wat any ulherliiiig or tyrant thai wat •<>; fur ht
(lid nut admit HmlMiaaudora ijulckly, and r.u sue>
ceaaurt were deapalched awny to Kuveriiors or
proruralora of the pnivincea, that hiid been fur-
inerly leul, unleaa Ihey were dead; wlienca it
waa, that he wnt au ne;;ligent in hearln|f the
cautea of prisuiirrs; iiiauiiiuch, that when he wat
asked by hit friends, what ivna the ^enaun of hit
delay in auch caaeaf he aaiil, Ihni "'he delayed'
to hear ambnaaiuli>i<, leal, upuii iliiir ijurck dit-
misaion, other nnilmasailnrs ahuuld be apiHiintcd,
and return upun.him; and su he aluiuid bring
trouble upon hiiiiarif in their pul>lic ri'i:eplioa
and diamiaaiun: thitt he pofniitti'd thoae govern-
ors who had been oncii aenl froui llieir guvcrniiient
[to slay there a great while,] out of reganl lo
the subjects ihitt were under them; for timt all
governura are naturally ili«puse(| lo get aa much .
as they can, and thiil those ivhu are not to fix
ttieie, nut to stay a abort lime, anil that nl anuii-
cerlainty, when they shall be lurncd uul, do the
more severely hurrv themselves on III tleirethe
peuple; but that, if their guveriiineiil be lung
cuntini|ed tutheni, they are at last aalialed with
the spoils, as hnvint; gotleii a vast dml, niid so
bei'biiic ut leiigtii liaa sharp in their pillaging;
but that, if succeaaora are aent ipiirkly, the poor
aiibjecta, who qrii^xposi'd lo iheni as fi prey,
will not l>e able lb bear the neiv onea, while they
shall not have, the tuiiie time alhfwed them,
wherein their [iredecesiiors had lillc'l Ihi'iimlves,
and ao grow mure unciinrerncd aliuiil geilin||
'iiure: and this In'cauae they are removiii be-
fo»e they liave had lime [for their oppressions.]
He gave them nu exuiiiple to show his meaning:
" A great number uf (lies canii' abiinl the auro
placea uf a ninn that had been wiuinded; upon
which one of the atnnders by pitied the niaiys
miafurtune; and tlitiiklHghe was put able to drive
those flies away hiniaelt, wasgoing to drive thciu
aiyay fur him; but he prayed him to let thrin
alone: the other, i)y nay of reply, asketl him the
reason of such a jirepoaleroua proceeding, in
preventing relief from bis present misery; to
which he answered. If thq^i drivcat these Hies
away, lliiiii wilt hurt me worse; for, aa these are
already fullof myTiluiid, they do not crowd about
me, nur pain me au much as before, but are aotne-
tliiiea more remiss, while the freah ones Ihat
cunin almdst famished, and find nii;^ ijuite tired
down already, tvill be my destruction. Koj^tliis
cause, therefore, it is, thiit I am myself ijAifeful
not to aeiid such new govcninrs perpclually to
those my subjects, who are (drendy sulhciriitly
hnrasseil by inany oppressions, as may, like
these flies, further distress them; and ao, ,i>eaid<!s
their natural deajrc of gain, may have this ad
ditionni incitement to it; that they expect to be
suddenly deprived of that pleasure w l ii ch they
take in it." And, as ^ further nllealntii^n to what
I say of the dilatory ilHure of Tiberius, I appeal
to this his practice itaelf; for, although he were
emperor twenty-two years, he sent in all but two
procurators to govern the- nation of the Jews,
Uratus, and his aucceaaor in the governuient, I'i-
late. Nor was he in one way of acting with re-
spect io the Jews, and in another with respect to
tne rest of his subjects. lie further infurmed
them, that even in tire lieartn;; of the causes of
prisoaers, he made such dclayt, "because im-
mediate death to those that iiiuiit be Condemned
to die, would be an alleviation of their present
niiiWet, while those tyicked wretches have not
detmed any such favor; but I do it. that, by
being harassed with the present calamity, they
may undergo greater misery."
6. On this account it was that Eutvchus could
/
not obtain a hearing, but wat kept still in prison.
However, toiiic lime afterward, Tiberius csiiiie
from Capreic to Tutcuianum, which is about >
huudred furlongs from Home. Agrippa thcii de*
i
370
ANTiQUiTit^a OY Tin; Ji;ws.
tirmi of Antonin, llmt the would iirociirr « (iRiir-
iiig far Kiilii liiui let tlm iiiiitii r whrnor tiv iic-
cuivtl lifiii nruiv wliiit il H'uiilil. jNntv, AiilDnin
wmi K't*'!) ••"li'tiiMtl liy 'lilMrlin cm nil iic-
eaiiiilii, lor (Ik; iliKoity <>( hi'C itlnlio^ In Itiiii,
wliu had liirri liia brollitr l>ru«u«'n wll'o, uiiii
front li«r ciiiiiii iit ohmtilyi* lor (li<>ii!{li ilii' with
•ti'l it )foiiii;{ ivoiiiiiii, nil).' riiiiliimi'il in luij; wl-
ilowhiiiiil, uml niiiM il nil ntlii r nmliln •,nlOli>«|^i
Auvunlui lidii I'liidinril liir I'o l><' niiirri(.'(l (i) niiiiic?
holly fUi'; yet cli.l itii; all hi'injr proirvn liir rr-
puliilUiii frill (rffiu ri'|irourti'. Mi« liiiil ulso licrii
tlic Krf'ili It tiiju ruclrm to 'J'li)fiiii», wlii'ii llii-r<!
wna II vtr^ ilanKvrtiiii iilut liiiil iixKiiiiit liiiii l>y
.Srjiiliilii, I) iniiH hIii) IihiI Ijiiii liir liiialmiiil'ii
rriiiid, uiul wlio liHtl (li« |(r<'nti'>t iiuthnrity, be-
cnutu lin MH* K'*"'"''"! ol lh« uriii}, mid. whtn
/Miany nitiiilitrt of Ihu tiniiit', iind ninny of llic
frt'i'U'nD'n jiiiiiid hiiIi hiiiif, uml lliii •iililirry wik
coniiptcil, uiid tli« plot ivu* iinnr lo ii ^rr'ttut
IkIkIiI. \u>v Sijiinua liud ci'rtiiiiily Koincu liix
puir.t. Iiiiif not Antonin'* holdiM'^i hrrii iiiuro
wisely nnnilnctud lliaii Stjiuiun'ii niHlii.'i'; for,
tvlii'U dIx' IiiiiI iliai'nvcriHl l»i» d<;iii);ni uiiaintt Tl-
biTinit kli'c tvruir liiin' iiit c\»('t iiiiount of tlifl
wliuli!, nni! );uvr ll|(- li (ivr to I'hIIus, ihii iilopit
■Vithlul 01 lltr iii'4 vhiiIk, mid k) iit him lo (.'>i]>i'i';h
to 'filjcriu", nlio, «hvii Kf imdcistood it, ultiv
Sijiuiui mill Ills i-diiri'dirutvn; no IIkiI 'I'iht'riiiK,
who hnd b«r in |;r>iit cKlititii b< lore, now looked
uiK) I luT «itb i<till j^riiitLT rcKiHcl, iind ilcprnd-
cil upon liir in all lliiii^K. So, whtn lilxriuii
wna diiiri'd liy IbiD'Aiiloniii to iMiiiiiiii! Kuly-
chui. bi^iintn trill, "IT iniUiil Kiilyrhus buth
fulwly oriniid Agilpfiiiin wimt In; birill" miid of
liiin, nc iialb bad sullicic nt piiiiiiiliiii«iit liy tv'Imt
I buve dnni' to bini iilrtiitly; l>iit il', ttpon iixaiiii-
uation, (hu uctuialion tijipiiirii to hi- trut-, li-t
A(?rip|ia buve n r.iin-, list, out ol' d«»irij of pu-
nishing bii liTi'd-nian, b>! do not rnthrr briiit; n
puniiibinriit upon bloiBtU'." iVow wluii Ajiloiiin
told Agriopii of thi?>, lir wai slill iniirh inort:
prensiiig t'liu tbv matter nii;;lit lii< (NniiilniMl into;
■o Aiitoniu, upon A^ripjm'n Ij iivjj haril iit lirrcoii-
tiuublly (o bcjj bi.i lavor, looli.Uu.' billon iiij; op-
portunity: A» Tibei'iu:* lay oncii at hiM raM' iiiioii
his sedan, and was carried nboiil, and Cilius, tier
Sraudson, uud A);rippa, weri! Ixloic binr alter
inner, nbe walked hy the »i.<ian, and deiiired liiin
to call r.utyrbns, and have biiO exjiu.iilieil ; to
which he replied, "O Aiiloniu! the go Is uri my
witneso'i, tliat I aiii inihiied to ilo what 1 am
going to do, not by my imn biolinatioii, but be-
cause I am forced tii it liy lliy iirayers." When
he bad said this, be oiileiKl Nianro, who snc-
ceeded Sijaniis, to brin|; Dnlyehiis to liiin; ac.
cordiilgl^-, without luiv dihiy, lie wins brought.
Then Tiberius lisked iiiiii, wbalbe had to say
a°;ainst n muii who bad gi^cii him his liberty.'
Lpoli which he said, "O my lord!, (his Caius',
and, Agripiin with bini, were once riitiii;; in a
.chariot, when I sat at their tVe(, and ainong
dthcr iliscoursrs that passit], Agrippa said to
Caius, Othiit t^be day woiilil *iire <;onii', wlu n
^^his old fellow will iljf, and name. (Iiti\ for (he
roveraoroflhe. habitable larllil fordien tbiit Ti-
berius, his grandson, would be no binderance, but
Would be taken olf by (iiee, and that i arlli would
*Thia liijh cuiniiicnitationof Antonia fornmrrying
but once, siven heri\ and an|i|io.''cil flisewlicrr. Antin.
41, xvli. chap. xlli. w'( t. 4, anil (his nolwitlistauiIinK Ihn
•(ranp;cst tuaiptntlons, shows how lioiinralilc siiislo
Jii.irfiaires were li(i',!i aHion,' the Jews anil Romans, In
Ihr dnywof -Josophns and ot" r!:p nnn«:tlps, and takes
flway irtiirli of Ihiit stirjiri'C wlri-li tjie nuiilern Frotcs-
latrts have at those laws nt' the npo.^llcs, where no
willows, lint (huso wholrnil been thewivosofoiie Aks-
^aiiK only, iiro taken ilil'o tlii rhniilj list; nnilnohisli-
ops, pricsl.-i, or<li'nro|is, lire nlloweil to inarryiiiDrc tliiin
oiifc, wiihoiillcnvlii; 0(1' lo ofliiiaionsclorgynien any
longer. We laikc ii. :!(i; 1 'I'im. v. 11, 1!!; lil, i! {•>
Tit. i. 0: (.'onslll., Apost. Ii. ii. ken. 1, 2; 1). vi. sect. 17;
Can. II. xvii. ; t.'rat. in Luke ii. Mi ; nnil Iles|ions. ad COn-
Mlt. CassBiid. p. 44, and Cotclet. iu Coiistilul. i>. vt.
be lW^fy,nnd I baiipy llin. T^ow, Tilieriu* touU
thvie lo lie truly .Xu'i'ippa'^s woitili, >ind beai-iii^ n
Kriidge wilbal at :\i;rlppH. briHU'i'. when ha had
Comiiianded liiiii lo pay his resin els (u 'I'iherius
his grunilson, nml tlie soil til liriisus, ,\Kiippit
had not paid him Ibat resperi, but had disolieyrd
his i'oini)niilds, Rud iraiMlirred hII bis riKflrii lo
(.'aius 1^1 said to .Macro, " liind tliin muii." Itut
Murro,tnot distincily knowing which of tbeii^ it
WHS whHiii h« bade liiin hind, and''^ot eipecting
that he would have any such thing done to
Aj^i'l'ppn, bi> forbore, nnd caino to ask more liis-
tliicily wbnt it tvus tliat he saltl I Kill when. Ce-
sar hall gone rouiUl the hippodiolne, liii found
Agrip|Hi standing: " Kor certain," said he, ■' .Ma-
cro, Ibis is the' man I nieaut to have boiind;" aml-
wben he still nslied, "\Vbich of these Is to be
bound {".lie said, " Agrippa." Upon which Agrip-
puimlo'ik hinisi ir.lo liiaku supplication for bini-
•elf, pulting film in mind of his son, with wlioin
he WHS broiighl up, and of Tilirrius I his graiKl-
siHi} whom he liad etlniHtitl; but all to po pur-
pose. Tor Ibey leil hint idiout boum1 eveit'in his
purple garments. It was also t ery hoi wealber,
aud they had but little wine lo their meals, sfl^nt
lie ivas very thirsty; be was also in n sort of ago-
U), and took this Irentnieiil orhini beinonsly ; as
therefore he Taw one of (.'ains's slaves, whose'''
name Has ThanimiHtiis, carrying some water in
a vissti, Jiedeiired that bi would let him drink;
so the servant gave bini sinne water to drink, hikI
he drapk brandy, and said, "O thou boy ! litis
seriici! of thine lo me will be foi' thy advMiiiHge:
for, if i once get clear of these iny uoikIs, I nill
soon procure lliee thy freedom from ('aius, who
hast not bet II wanting lo minister I') me, now 1
rain in bonds, in the same manner ns ulien I was
in my former state and ilignit}.'" iVordid lit: de-
ceive biin ill what be promised him; but liiadi
I him nniends for what he bad now done; for,
wheiiuflerward Agrippa was come to ihe king-
. dom, be took particular care of 'l'hauiiia:'tiis,
j and got him bis liberty front (.'nius, and made
I him Ihe steward over his Own e-tate; and- when
I hi: died, hi: left bint to Agrippa bis son, an 1 tu
•, Ijernice Ids ibiughlir. to minisler lo them in tbi
I same capacily. The man also grew old in that
, hoiiiiralde pi>sl, andlbereiji liied. Itut all (bis
j bappeiied a i^iod while later.
I 7. Mow zXgrippa stood in his bondtbefure the
roynl palnti', aijd li:uned on a certain tii:c for
' grief, with many others, ivhi> wt:re in l)oii(is nIsO:
. and as a certain bird s:it upon the tn e on which
Agrippa leaned, ((be Hunialis call (his bint bubo,':
[an ow I,] om: of those that were bound, a Cier-
man by iiation, saw liim, and asked a soldier
what that man in purple was.' anji when he was
informed (hat bjs name v.as Agrippa, and that
bt: was by nafioii n Jt;w, and one or ihe principal
men of that nation, heusked leave of tliu soldier
ti) whom be was bouiiiUf to let bini come nearer
to spi:Hk with him; for that he had a iiiiiid to in-
I quiri: of bini aijout soiiik things relating to bis
'country; which liberty when he hail ob(Hiiieil,
' ami as be »(oud near bim, he said thus lo him by
an interpreter, that "'lliis sudden change of thy
condition, O young man! is gr ievoiis to thee, ai.
bringing on tiiere u munifuld and very great ad-
vert. IT. Anil no(e, flint Tixinllinn owns this law
auuinu second mnrriniCH of the clergy, had licen onco
atleiiel e.\cculi:d in hialinic: and heavily complains
elsewhere, that the litKirh tiicrenf li.id not liecnalwuys
; punished hy' the Cntholicp, as it oii;ifit to have Itren.
Jerome,fpcak(ngof the III re|ui'ntlon of inarryinu'iwlre,
says, that no such person could he chosen into the cler
^y in Ids ilnys ; which Ainitistino tesliden also : and for
Kpiphanius, rather enrlicT, lie It clear and Tidl to the
j same purpose,, a lilt say», that hUv ohiained over the
whole Catholic chiirCh in his days; as the placet In the
' I'orcriled authors hifonii us.
t Dr. Jluilson here toke.s iiotire,ontof Scnff.i, Epistle
v. that this was the custom of 'i'iberias, to couple tho
prisoner and the soldier thai ^uarded bi|n together ia
Ihe anme chain.
i
:i...
.h
on, Tilii rlu« tixik
u«', ivIk'II lia liHil
Mil (In (o 'rjlifrlui
III y*-
II nl I
hII III* r'Kflnl to
iH tliWi iiiuii." Hut
ivliicli 111 tlii.'ii^ It
iiiillinl I'lnirtin;^
h thing iliiiiii 10
I Irt tmk iiiurii liii-
>l I Kill whi'iiC'iii-
iili'oliii*, hi] ri)iiiiil
II," miiil hi], ■' .Ma-
huvd buuiuli" iinil-
iil' thi'Mi II to he
J|i(>ii which Aj^rip-
ililicalioii for li'iin-
it.nTiii, with whmn
irriiii [hill f^nunl*
liiit III! to tio piir-
iiitimi i:vi'it'in hi*
nrv hot wi'iiHiiT,
htiriiiuaU, Hifi^nt
lo in n aort ol ii)(u>
him hiMiiotiii))' ; m
nil fclmi.s, ivhoi««'''
ifC kiiini' iviitfr ill
iiiil Ivt liiiii drink;
iilir t'ltiiink, Hixl
" O tli.iii hoy ! Ihii
foi' thy iiilvMiitHKr ;
• my doikIii, 1 ttilj
rrmii (.'aius, who
iiit«r I') nil', now I
ner an ulipii I was
'" iVonliil hiiild-
il him; hut liiHilr
[I now tilling for,
i-oinii to ihi! king-
Li oi 'l'ii[iuina>tii!i,.
Cnius, and inuilr
«-tiite; iind. wiii-n
n hin Kon, nil I lo
Itr lo thiMii in thi
(;r«w olil in that
!ii'(l. Hut nil thi^
H bondt hi'fiirt' the
11 ci'rtiiin tiic lur
n:rv in boini.H aUd:
the trie 111! wliii'h
[ill this bird bubo,':
ri! bound, a ti<T-
i unkcd a NolJitr
un;l wlien he wan
\grippa, aiitl thut
IV or iho |jrincipal
;avi' oitlic soldiir
liini coiiin nearer
had a ininJ to in-
ig» rt'lnting to hii
he hull obtHineil,
nid thus to him by
den change u( thy
ievouH to thie, iif .
lid very great nd-
Inn owns this law
crity, liail lici^n oiico
I Iieavily coniplainii
h.tilnotliucnahvuyD
oii;i^t to liave lircn.
in ol'inarryini;i«lre,
chnnen into tlic cler
.'Btilica ii!xo: anil for
clear nnil full to Ihi'
I' olilaineil over tlic
) OS llio place! In the
nl of Srnfra, Epistle
lerinii, to couple tho
Jed hi|a to(ctlier in
!,.
BOOK XVin.-CIIAP. Vh
871
leUhoH
Ht'
ri Bor will Ihou b«ll«»« in*. when I for*.
how lb<iu will f »l cUer of thin mlirry nhkh
thou irt now uoder, •mi how Divine I'rovi-
dancn will provide for Ih.e. Know, th"«l<ire,
/mil I epiwhl iq ni/ own dounlrv (Oile, •» wf I
U lo Ihe gorii of Ihii place, who hkve award-
mi thete bondt lo ui,) lh*l ull I am Kiiing lo tay
•bout lli-y conctrne, ihall neither be laid for fa-
»or nor brilwry, nor out of an rmlravor lo
make thee Cheerful withoql canse; for •iich pre-
ctioni, when they come to fait, make the jfrief
_. ImI, and In earnenl, niore bllirr Ihun il Ihe
parly had never heard of an* mrh IhniK. Hi»w-
ever, thouzh I nin Ihe hiuur'd ol my oivn telf, I
Ihink il lit lo drclnie lo Ihec the prediction of
lilt god*, ii rannrtt be that thou ihouldti long
continue In Ibkiebumli; but tbun wilt toon be
delivered froiii thenr, "and wiK be proinoleil to
Ihe higheit dignity ant! imwer; and Ihoii wilt be
envied by all tho»e who now pily lliy hard for-
tune) anu 'liou will be happy till thy death, and
-will leave Iby hanpineu to the children wimin
Ihou thail have. Kul, do Ihuu rinieinber, when
lliQU leeal Ihlii bini again, that Ihou wilt tlx'U live
but five day • longer. Thin event will be bronghl
to naubv' that (lod who halbseni thin bird hither
to iMi tt ilgn uolQ Ibee; And I connnt hut lliink
i( unjunllo conceal from thee what I foreknow
concerning thee, thai, by thy knowing before-
hand what happineat ia comini; upon lliee, Ihou
iiiayi at not regard thy present miiiforliinea. Itut
when this happiness ahull actually befall thee, do
not forget what iniaery I am in myself, but eti-
deuvor to deliver me. Bo when tlie (iertiian
had laid tbia, he made Agrippa laugh at bini as
niuch u he Hfler«vn|il appeared worthy of adml-
, ration, - Hut now Antonia took Atrippa's nils-
furtune to heart i however, lo speak lo Tiberius
on bis behalf, she look to be-u very diltieult thing,
•nd indeed (|uite inipraolicnble> ■' lo any ho|)e
of success; yet did she procure of Macro, that
the soldiers that kept bini should be of a gentle
nature^ and thai the centurion who was over
them, and was lo diet with him, shquld be df the
Mme disposition, and that he might have leave
to bathe hiniscif every day, and that bis freed-
nien and friends might come lo him, and that
other things that tended lo eiise liim nii|;ht be in-
dulged him. So his friend Silas came in lo him,
and two of his I'rced-men, Mnriyas and Stecbus,
brought him such sorts of food u» he was fond of,
and mdeed took great care of him; they also
brought him garments, under pretence uf selling
them, and, when Ihe night came on, thev laid thciii
Milder him; and Ihe soldiers astisteil them, as
Macro had given them orderto do beforehuniif.
And this was Aj;rippa's condition lor siiL months'
tiiiie, and in this case were his oH'airs.
8> But forTibcrius,npon his reluin'toCaprcic,
he fcllsick. At first his distemper was but gen-
tle; but as that distemper increased upon him,
be hiid small or no hopes of recovery. Here-
upon he bade I'ttoduH, who was that freed-man
wnom he most or all respected, to briAg thecbil-
drt-n* to him; for that he wanted to talk to them
before he died, jVow he had at present no sons
of bis own alive; for Urusus, who was his only
«on, was dead ; but Drusus'a son Tiberius was
slill living, whose additiolMnamewusCiemellus:
there was also living Cnius, Ihesonfof Uermani-
cus, who was the son of his brother [Drusus.] He
was now grown up, and bad u liberal education
as well as iniproved by it, and was in esteem and
faror with the people, on account of ihe excel-
lent character of Ills father Geminnicus, who
had attained the highest honor aniong the mul-
trtude, b}' the firmness of bin virtuous behavior,
bf Ihe easiness and at^reeableuensbfr his conver-
mnji; with the multitude, and because tbedigiiity
he was In did not hinder his (amiliarily with them
all, as if they were his ei|uaU; by which beba'
viur be WIS not only greatly esleemed l!)r lh«
people and thii senate, but by every one of ihoM
nations iImiI were subject to Ihe Idinmns; somt
of whom wire alfeclid, when Ihey ruiiir lo hiiMi
with the graci luliiex ol Ibeir reception by him
and olliei-> were allri ted bl the same ninliner bjT
the report iil the others that had bein wilh him:
aiid UfMiii his death there was a lamentation made
hy all nil n; n»l such a one as was to be made in
way of llallery to their rulers, while Ihey did but
counlerfeil wirniw, hut such as wan real; whtU
every body grieved at his death, as II they had
lust one that was near lb them. And irul^ such .
had been hisitonversalion wilh Ihem.lhal it turn- '
rri grtiilly to ihe advantage uf liia son among
all; and, among others, Ihe sohliery were so |ie-
culikrly airecteilto hini, thai ihe| reckoned il an
eligible thing, if need were, lo die tbemselvcj. If
he might but attain lo the govcrnmeni.
0. Itut When 'TiberiiH had given urdtr lo Kuo-
dus lu l)ring Ihir t;bildre<f lu tuM the lie«t day in
Ihe morning, he prayed to bis country gods to
show him a inanifesi lignjit, tvblch uf itiose chil-
dren should ciiiiie lu Ihe goveruiiienl: being very
desirous lu leave it to his son's son, bill s^dl de-
pending upon what liod shuuhl fureshoW con-
cerning llictii, more than upon his own opinion
and inclination; so he made Ibis to be the niiien,
Ihiil the government should be left to him who
should come lo him first the next day. When he
had thus resolved within hinnrlf, he sent to his
gmndaon'a tutor, and ordered him to bring the
child lu him early in Ihe ntorhing, as supposing
that (!ud would permit him to be made emperor.
Bui (ioil proved iip|miite lo his dcy£ualluii ; for,
while Tiberius was thus coiilr|vju£jWtters, and
as soon as it was at all day, lie J^B^uodii.s to
call in that child which siiuul(n|nkte ready.
So he went out, and foundC'alus bc^Irejkt duor,fur
Tiberius was not yet come, but staiilwailingfor
bit breakfast; for Kuodus knew nothing of what
his lord intended ; to he said lo Cuius. *' Thy ia-
thcr culls thee,'' and then brought him in. A<
soon as. Tiberius saw Cuius, and not bel'ure, he
reflected qn the power of (iud, and how the abi-
lity of bestowing the government on whom be
would, was entirely taken from him; and thence
he was hot atile to establish wbut he had intend-
ed. So he greatly lamented that his power of
establiHhing what he bad before contrived lus
taken from him, and lht.< hi* griiiulson TiberiDs
was not only lo lose the Hoiiian empire bv bis fa-
lulily. but his own safely also, because iiia pre-
servation would now depend u|)on such us would
be more potent than himself, who would think il
a tiling not to be borne, that a kinsman should
live with them, and so bit relation would not be
able to protect him: but he would be feared and
hated by h>ii> who hud Ihe supreme authority,
partly on account of his being next to the em-
pire, and partly- on account of his perpetually'
contriving lit/get the government, but in order tu
Kpreterve Tiin|(self, and to be at Ihe head of affairs
also. NowTiberlus'liad been very niilch given
to astrolom,t and Ihe cah^ulution of nativities,
end had s^nt bis life in Ihe esteem of what pre-
iljctions Irad proved true more than those whose
professj/n it was. Accordingly, when he once
saw Unlba coining in to hiui, he sajd tu his moat
inlimate friends, that "there cmne in n man that
would one day have the dignity of the Roman
empire." So that this Tiberius was more addicted
to all such sorts of divirieri than onv other of the
Koman emperors, 'because he had liiund them to
have told niiii truth in his ownYifairs. And in-
deed he was now in great distress upon this ac-
cident that hud befallen him, and was very much
A~ ..
*'^iberlui his own grandson, and Calui hia brdliar
Orut^'sitranilaon.
' f Solcorrect Joacph'iis's copy, vi'liich calli Germani-
eul b1« brother, who was his tirolher'a un.
~m-
t Thitiii a known thfni; among the Roman hittorlani
and poets, that 'I'ibcc'Ui was grMtly glv^n to aatrolo-
gy iiiddivliutlon. . .
-■^^
■f^r
wn
ANTiqUITIi:H OF TIIK JKW8.
Si
|rMv«d M the iltMruelioB nf bit ton'i ma, which
E* ri>rrnt¥, mill roiniiUlnfi) of hlfiitrir, thiil h*
■hoiilil h*v« iiiwlf uM of luch • mclbiMl of ilivi-
Billiin btiCiirihaiiil, whiU it wiu In hit ptmer
to hnv* Jiitd willioul Kritf liy bif knuwlril|[<l
of futurity; wlinrrH, hn Wat now Idrini-iiird
by tii« for«knoi«l«i|K« "^ ''"' miifMrtuiiM of turh
•• w«rK (Ifurrat lu htm, ■ml muit ilia imilnr
ih*l lormmt. Now, althuimJi ho w«ni iliivr<
itrrd at Ihit uiifxiirclrd rrvoluliiiii of the go-
Tarninrnt In lhi»« for whniii li« ili<| not iiitriitl
tt, ha tiHiiiv Ihut to Cujui, thiiuf(h unwilliiiKly,
•ml agaiinl hit^ own imliimtion: "()rhilcir»l-
Ihough TitM rim lii^ iwHPi r rrliiicil in uic than
Ihuu art, I, liy my imo ilrliiriiiiualioii, anil th«
cnniipiriiig lullfaEf of lh« goili, ilt> givr, »nil uul
into thy hnnii, llii! Kooiaii riiipirr: and I ilc»ll'«
th»f ni'H^r lo lilt iijiinindful whvn thou romril Ip
it, cither of my kindnvM to Ihrc, who ■<•! thra in
•o hl)(h a iliKnily, or of thy relation to Tihrriuii.
liul H< thou knowcut that I am, togvlher with,
■nd after th« ((odt, tho prociirar of mi grrat hai>-
pinro lo ihte, to I di'iirr that thou will luakn
mc ■ niturn for luy rrudinru to auiit ihi'i', niiil
«IU take rare.of Tiliariut bccauiv of hia nriir
relation to tb«e. Ilrtiitrt whiih, thou art to
know, that, while Tili«riu» i> alivr, he will be ■
Mrurity lo ther, liolh a* lo empirr and iia to thy
own iiri'iervalion; but, if hi' iliu, that will br but
• preluda to (br owu initforluDca; for lo b«aJon«,
under the wiiKht of auch vul affalm, ii very
daiigiriilia; nor will Ibo giidn luffir llioic ni liona
whiili are uiijudly done, conlrnry lo that luw
which direcia iiirn lo art oiherwiae, to ro iiH'un-
punlahed/' Thia waa the apeech which Tiberiiia
made, which did not perauadt Caiua lo act ac-
cordingly, allhoiiKh he proiuiaed ao to do; but
when he wna aettied in the governmanl, he took
off thia Tibcriua, ■• wiia preilicled by the other
Tibeiiui; aa he waa alio hiinailf in iiii lonK linie
•fterwarti alain by a aecret plot laid a^ainat
aim.
10. So when Tiberitii had. at tbia time appoint-
ed Caiua to be hiaiucccaaor, he lived bul a few
day a, and then died, after ho bad held the go-
vemiuent twtniy-two ye«r», five pionthi, and
three daya-. now faiua wna the fourth emperor.
But when the Ronmiia underaiopd that 'I' ilivriua
waa dead, ihcy
bad not courage to believe il;'Tiot becauae tjicy
Rood newa, I'liit
were unwillinK it ahould be true, for they would
have given large auma of nionev that it mi|rht lie
•o, bul becnute they were afraiil, (bnt if ihuy bail
•bowed their joy, when the newa proved fnUc,
their joy abould bo openly known, and ihey
ihoulifbe nccusi-d for it, and be Ibereliy uiidoiie.
For thia Tiberiua had br.ou|fbt o vusl nmiibcr of
iniaerica on the best fniiiiliea of the Ituiimns,
iinco he waa enaily inflamed with passion in nil
caaea, niid Waa of wich a leinper aa renilcreil hia
Wger irrevocable, till he hud executed the aaine,
•ItboUKh he hnil taken n hatred agniiist nien
yrithou' reason; for he was by nature fierce in
ill -the stnlencea be gave, and made death the
pmialty for tilt sllgbttsloffincea; insomuch that
when the Romnii!) heard the rumor about his
death gladly, they wore restrained from the eii-
'oj'iiienl of that pleasure by the dread of such
miaerJes ua they foresaiv would follow, if their
«hopes proved ill-grouniled. Kow Marsvua, Agrip-
"'pa a freed-man, as soon aa he heard of Tiberi-
. us'a death, cartic running to tell Agrippa the
news; and finiliiig hiui gijing out to the bath, he
gave bini u nod, and snid, in the Hebrew longiie,
"The lion h dead;"* who nndcrslandiug iiis
meaivinfc, and being oveijoycd ot the ne«v9,
"Nay, (said he.) but nil sorts ofUianks and hap-
*■■'''')■'' I*."""' "^^ '"" '" "'^'"' "'''"" '" 'y""", ei p°-
eially hy the Jews, audi, an AErippa, and prohalily Ids
frecd'inan Maisvns, bi cirerl, were. E«ek. lix. I— fl-
Bath. xlv. ia;»Tim. i». IT. They ire also xonieliinei
compared to, or reprcaenlcd by, ivlld bcuslii, of whic
pineaa altand llw* for Ihw n*wa nf lhii|« ftnljr I
with that what thoii aayiat inuy pniv* true.''
Now the centurion, who was aat 10 keep Agrip-
pa, when he saw with wbat haate Ma^iyaa t;«iM«,
and what joy Agrippa had from what be aiiiil, he
had a auapicion tbiil bis wurils im|iliril mma
great iouovaliun of altain, and he aikeil tbrm
about what waa laid. Thrv at (tril lUyertrd the
iliacuurae; buluiHin hiafurllier ureaaliig, Agrip|io,
wllhiiut iiiiirc ailii. Iidd him, for he was alriJaily
lu'Ciiiiie hia friiiiil ; ao hu jiiiniid With him in that
pleasure which Ihia news orcaiioiiad, brcau<e it
would be fortunate to Agrippa, and made hiin u
aupfier. Hut as they were leading, and the i una
Went about, there cnm« one who snid that " li-
bi rius waa still alive, unil wnubl reluro (o the
city in a fiw days." At which miwa the centu-
rion WHS excrrilingly Iriiiibled, liecaus* hi' bed
diMie what might coat hiui lii» life, to have Irenlid
ao joyfully a prisoin'r, and Ihia upon llie news of
the death of l)u'sar; ao he thrust Ajtrijipa from
the couch whereon be lay. and aaid, "DuslAhou
think ti> chiat me by a lie aliout the em|ieror
wilboul puiiiabinenrl niiil aliHll not thou piiy for
thia thy malicious reiiort at the price of thine
beadl When he had sosuid, he oiili red Agi|lu-
pa to be bound again, (for he bad looted biinlM-
bire,) and kept a severer guard over hiui than
fornurly. and in that evil couililion wna Agripp*
that night; but the next day tbv rumor iiicrea-
•eil in tbecity, and couririiiid the Hews that Ti-
berius was certainly dead; iiiaomiicb that men
durat now openly urtd freely talk about it; nay.
some olfereil aacrlficca on that account. Snvertil
letters aUo c:inle froiii (.'aiun, one of tliein to the
arnale, w hicb iiiforiiieil them of tho diiatli of Ti-
beriua, and of Ilia own entrance on the govero-
ment; another to I'iao, the governor of the city,
which told him the same tiling, lie also gave
onler that Agrippa ahould be reuioved out ol tho
camp, and go to that house where he lived be-
fore he waa put In prison; io Ibut he wna now
out of fear aa lo his own affairs; for, altlioM;,li ha
were alill in cuatoily, yet it wna now with i-aae
aa to hia own affairs. Now, as soon aa (Jaiua was
come lo Home, and had brought Tiberiua'a dead
body with him, ntitl had made a aumptuoua funa-
tsl lor him, acconliiig lo the laws of his country,
he waa much disposed to art Agrippa at liberty
that very day, but Autouia hindered him, not out
of any ill-will to the prijioiier. but out of regard
to decency in ('uius, lest that should make men
believe Ibut ho received the death of Tiberius
with iileusurt!, wbcit he loosed one whom ho bad
liounii imniudlali'ly. However, there did nut
nmny dnys pars ere liO sent for him lo bis house,
and had him shaved, and mnde him cbiiiige his
rniiiient, after which ho put his dindeiii upon his
head, and appointed him tu be king of the lelrar-
cby of IJhilij). He also gave him the tetrarchy
of Lysanias.f and cban)jeil hia irun chain for u
golden pm^ of equal weight. Ho also tent Ma-
rullue looc procurator of Judea.
II. Wow, in the second year pf tho reign of
Gaius t^icsar, Agrippa. desired lenvv to be given
biin.to sail lyiiiie, and setllo the affuiri of his go-
vernment, and,, ho promised to return aguih,
when he bad put the rest in order, os it ouglit to
bo put. So, upon lliu emperor's permission, he
caiuc into his own country, and appeared to Ihein
all unexpectedly as n king, and thereby deiiioii-
siraled to the mi ii that saw him the power of
fortwie, when they compared his former poverty
with his present happy nitluencc; ao some calleii
him i) happy man, uilil others could not well be-
licye that things were so much changed vvitbbim
(ojt the better.
^hel to n li the p rincip a l . D a n . vll.a ^ g, Apof. xHl.1,8.
-jw) . .
/ t Allhounh Cnlna now promised to eive' Aurippi the
tclrnrchy ofLyannlas, yet it was not all actually roil'
Ibrred U|ion liini Ull llie rei ^n of Claudiua, aa we Itarn,
Aatlq. b. lix. ch. V. wet. .1. '
» -
• n( lliinti onljr 1
iiiuy |m(»» irM*.''
•It (o kttft Axrip-
itla Ma^iyu «;«iii«,
III wlial liii •iijil, li«
inla iiii|ihril •iiiua
I'til hti iiili<!(l thrill
t itril lUyrrIrd Ih*
pr»Mlii|{, AKri|i|i«,
fur hx wna ulriJuiijr
ul with him ill ihitt
niiuiiail, liiriiiKr il
in, mill iiimU' hull u
iliiiK, mill Ihr i iiiit
hi) iiiiiil thm •• n-
Dulil niliiro to tht
h miMTi th« irntu-
il, ttt-iaut* hi' |iMi
lilt.', til have Irrtiti'ij
I upon tliii iinw* o(
rutt Ai|iri|i|iii I'riiMi
J tiiid, "Duit thuu
ilmiit th« riiiiHTur
lit not thuu iiiiy for
tln^ [iriifl of thill*
, h« oi'ili r«il Aifiii^
liNi) luowil liiinm-
ird ovt!r him tlmo
ilitiun wilt A|fi'i|ipt
lli« runiiir mcrra-
I the iirwi (hut Ti-
iiiiiiiiiiirh ihnt men
tulk alniut it; n*.y.
. m'counl. S«v«rM
jnu uf theiii tu tha
>f tho ijimtli uf Ti-
ice un the ruvero-
•ernor of the ritjr,
iiig. He aUo |j;iiv«
ri'uiovvd out ol th^
where h« lived ba-
I that ha Wni now
• ; fur, tiltlioM;,li ha
vaa now with i-uas
• mion HI (Jaiiia wt»
(ht Tiberiua'i dead
a auiiiptuiiut funa-
nwa of hia country,
Af(rippa at liberty
idered him, not out
but out uf regard
t ahnuld ninke ineo
death of Tibvriui
i one whom he had
sr, there did not
r him to hia houae,
ide him change hi.i
il dindciii upon hit
king <if the tetrar-
: him the tctrarchy
it irun chain fur u
He abo tent Ma-
ea,
ar of the reig^n of
I leave to be ^iven
le allairt of hia (jo-
to return aguih,
rdcr, OS it ouKiit to
-or's periiiiiaiun, he -
d appeared to thetn
nd thereby deiiioii-
him the power of
bit foriiier poverty
ce; to aoiiie culled
could not well be-
1 changed tvithhnu
■1
1
■••I
BOOK xviir.-tiiAP. vir. vto*'^ jr73
CHAP. VH. l«"»i"talira(,i., whu-MtltaalfalilllerityofCam
/r«i» thnd IK^ TtlrttrtK imt haniikiil.
I I. lltiT MrriHlinB, Axiippa'a aialrr, who tiiiw jitica, with 4iiiii|iiMoua aitiilimviila'
lived iia will' tu Ihiil liirud who wiia Irtrarrh of | itdl rndiAVriruiii tu uulds hu |irp<
Okli'ie and IVrrtf, liiuk tlna uiilliurily ot her nilli'i'iirri (hr |.l;i.i. a
brullor III un lilt luiia iiiiiniier, |»irtiriilarly when
the anw thiil liu had a uri ii(< r diKnily beafowed
un hiin than lirr hualmiiil hud ; aimr, when he
lan away, he waa nut alih lii pa) hia ilebla; and
now he waa I'oiiia lm< k, it wui< linauae h« wnt la
a *iiy of diiinily, hhiI of Kfut Kuod furtniir. She
wna then lure (^rievid, uiid niiirh di>plraa<'il at
to Kreat a inulHtluii uf hit allaira, and chielty
whe^i ahe aiiw him marrhiii^ ainuiiK the multi-
tude Hilli the u.ual eiiaiKna of nival aulhuritv,
#he »iia nut abli' to I'oiiiiid hiiw nli'ii mbla alW
win, by riaaoii ot the envy the had tuwunlt him:
but the enrllrd her liu>baiul, and drairfd hlin
that he Would tad tu llouie, lo rnurt hiinort
ei|Uiil to hiai fur ahi auid, that "aheiuuhl not
bnir to live any hm.i(rr, while Acrippa, the ton
of thai Aritlubuliit who win condemned to die
by Ilia fullier, oni- Iliit l-anie lo her hiltband in
^iii'h etlnnle poverty, Hint the nireaaariea of
. lif.
pnia, at the dKlanre ul «b.)ut Hvi lutl'>i<Kt Iruui
ItMiHrrhia. I here are in that pl.ii e ruyal m>
, e»< rv emiwrar
precleri««iir't niK||<
nilli'iiirei (he |.l:i..' alati aRunla warm balha, llial
apriiiK out ot the Krouml of Iheir own nrcirrd,
Hhiih are ol adv|intaKe fur the rer.ivery of th«
hrallh ol thiiac iIihI make ua« of them, and IK-
tidet, they niini<lrr tu mrn'a lutury alto. NoW
Caiua aalulid ili n.d, f„r he Aral not with hirti,
and liioked upon llie litlert wlili'h AlCippn had
tent him, mid whii h were wrillen IM onl. r lo
arciite Hetml, wherein he anuard hurt, llial hf
had been in i unleili mey with Sejunua, uKnintI
Tiberiui't Kovi'iniiiiiil, and llint he wna now
confederate with Artubanna the kiiijf of I'urlhia
in opiMiailiuii lo llie Kovrrumeiil M t'niiii; iia ■
dti Klrnliun uf whi> h he alleged, lliul he had
truiur lullii lent f.ir aen iiiy ihuutmi<l nun nudy
in hia arainry. Ciliiit wua moved at Ihia in.
I'arinulion, and atked llenid whether what wai
laid ubuul the urntor wat true; and when h*
cunfraai'd I hi re Wat aurh ariiiur there, fur h«
I'onhl not deny the e, the troth of il beiim loo
Te were fori eil lo be enlirrly tupplii d him day noloriuua, Caiua l,H>k that tu be a aumcirnt proof
by iliiy i ami wh« n he Heil uwny ir hia credit- of the arcntation, Ihnt he iHlended lu revdli So
on l.v am he now reliirnid a kiiix: while h« , he look away fr.mi him hi. teirnrihv. und i-nv«
wat himaill the ton ul u kiiiK. und whde llienear i il by way of iidililion to Airriiipu't kiiiltdoiii: ha
relulioii he bore to ruyul unlfiorily. euJUd u|Km alao khvb Herod a money lu Aarippn, uiid bv way
hhii lu Kiuu Ihe like diKuily, he tut tidl, nlul wua of piiniahnieni, awarded him a peipelual b.ini.li-
contented with a private life. Uul, then, MeriMJ. ' ' '
althouKh thuu wual formerly not comrriied lo b«
in a luwrr condiliun than thy lather, iVoiu wliolti
. thoii wual derived, bud bt'ei'i; yet do lliuii now
teek after Ihu ilijfiiity wliiilr thy kinanuin huth
attained tu; and do not Ihiiu beur lliia contempt,
that a nnin who aihiiired Ihy rirbet tliouhl be in
KrejUer honor than thyielf,'nor lulfer hit imverty
to «how ilM'If able lo purchate Krealer thiii)(t
perpi
nient, and aii|Hiin|rd l.yont, a city of liaul, lo b«
hit place ot haliitiition. Hut when he wu<i in-
formed that llerodiai wat AKrippii'a tiahr, he
made her a priarnl of what iiionev waa hrr owii;
and told her, thai "it wua hi r brullier who pra>
venlejl her beiii); put under the tame calamity
with her hutbund." Uul alie nuide Ihia reply;
"Thou, iiideail, O empefor! actett after a mag-
niliceiil manner, and ua beconira Ihyaelf in what
than our abumluhce; nor do th(«i e"»teiin it oilier j iliuu offeieai me; but the kiiidneat which I have
lube ihlehurlu one, who Jitir my hnabunil, hiiidert me from purlukiiiK of
{ft I the favor of thy ({ifl; for it it not jutt, thai I,
r ex- I who have beaa made a purlner in hia iinraperity,
lalinot ! ahould ntrtake him in hia iniafurlunea " Hore-
.. , ,, ,. . . .1. • 1 - -lleieat liie
than n thamelul thin); lu be inlehur
the other ilay, lived u|ion thy churi
u« ||;o to Rome, and let ut aparn no '
pcnaea, either of tilt er or gold, tinci
b« kept for anijr \,Mvt u.e, than for llTPiJttalning i uikni (Jaiut wa. an^ry at her, andti nl lie/'wilh
•? II.'.'; /"■ If II. lu Herod into buni.hiiieiit, «i„| Kiiv.' her ealate to
.!.;.?,„ f .1 ; 0|«P»M<l hcrreipieatnt Acrippa. And Ihuadid ti,«l pwiiah Herod i«, for
thit time, out of the love of eute, uii.l hut in« a her envy at her brother, and llerod ul»> lurifivinK
lUtiMCionofthotroutdehethouldhuveutltoiilei (ear to the vain di.ouiae, of a woiiiun. Now.
to he tried to inttruct her better, Hut th.^ more Caiut niunaKeil public atluirt wilii gnM niuirna.
the tatv hmi drawr back, Ihe more the pretaed | nimily. duriiiK the firtt iin.l tecond year ofhit
taim to It, anil deaired hini lo leave m> tlune un- | reinn. and beluived bimielf with auch iiimleia-
tiirncd III order to b« kiiiri and at hut ahe left tion. that he Kmn.d Hie K"0<l.will of the Romant
he "■'•''''•• "'rt/r";' h«- iiulhing, und tventnp himtelf a Rod, and touk upon himaelf to act mall
to Home, and took llerodiat aluiiK with him. , thiugi to the reproach of the IJeily itiel'
But Ajrripiia, when he wnt made tenaible of their
intenliont and pi'epuralioiit, alto prepared to KG CHAP Vtll
thither; vhd at toon at he heard they tet tail, I ^ '_,"'
he tent F(<rtuntttui, one of hia fieed-inen. to ["'"'ff">*''lf 'I" l^'nl""^'<flht Jeui In Caiiu,*
. Kpnic, to <!arry preteAlt lo the emperor,, and Ict-
tcrt agalnit Herod, and to give Caiut a particu-
lar accoiint of tboae niattert, if ho ahould have
any opriiiriunity. Thit man followed Herod so
ami how Caiut $inf^ Pttr
nakt If'arngayiit the Jc
reeehe hit Si,
Iriiniui into Syria, to
wi, unUit Ihey tDuufii
., r II, t- — ' ....,-.. ™ 4 1. TllKRc ivua now a tiiniiill nriien at Alex.
Tvtr c. '.'.•" P,""!'"""' « v»}»e'. »"'! «»'"« aiidria, b^eu the Jewi.h iiihabitanti and the
» lil^e after llerod, liint while llerod wus with (ireekni^tid three .aiiibuHsudur^t wU cl.oi,!'
out (M each party tbat were nt vurianct.-, whd
Aow, one uf thcfe ■nibatiadori
Caiu^ ho came hinitelf, and delivered hit jettera, „„
for/lbey both iuled to Dicearchia, and found i cai
3 ' » i Apof. xlll. 1, 8.
il to eivc Aurippi the
not all actually ron-
;iaudiua, at we liatn.
lo Caiut.
.nl^'l!SfTyiTi'.!lfi?f„'„''!.?*tVJ?"'»'^ '' Ataiandrlato Calitfwere on each part no more than
.„^^^.V.«LJ "^ " ".' "«*'«'•'><•• aaha»o three in numher, for liie Jews ntid for tlie llenlilci.
4.„-. r.f'^'r „t7 ""' """"""'"= Other Idolatrouana- whir b are liultU In all; wlierea. pwio. w ». tva, h*
IIJEi.rm.^"''" •»'£'•'?" '""'« •"■' Teaianienl. Jeiv.'a u««mloratvercllieiiiaelv Unofetae tliaVi five
Ti^^.lZLTZL'j' . i '"J", ' ,"" ' '"" ' y^"* "M a' t h l a t i m e b e no m w tak e I n l li e r on i et. iiiuat liei unnoacd ll iciruih'
M«^hL.tei'™.ll™ H.''.'.r'"'?''''''J*''j''*- •""""•"' » Willie*.. h„,) he J^en that account of l"hlff
tJoaephuiherea«Hreau»,tli«tUieamhanadoiBfn» whkhthatlieevcrdlililocanotappear. ^
m
-J?
}
974
ANTtQUlTieff OF
7_
from th* (Mnpta of At«i>iH<tU nfi* Anion, nhn i
■li<r*<l mitny lil»iph>niir> •(•iiMt lh« J«i>ii •ml |
■mifiig (iih#v tfiiiiKi lh«l h# mhI, h« I'hnrgvtl '
lh»m Mllb HMlxlinif the himor* that h«liin|r«il '
I.. (VMri fur Ihiit «inil«%U wt^l W>n> •uliji'rl In
lli> Kunian >ni|iir«. hutli. *|l|ir< Iml (fiiiiilrt In
('•lut, «nil In nthar ranrilt, uiiivrtanllir rrrvirail
kliii M lh«)r nircitnl lh« f mU, ihtff) J<«r« ilon*
Ihnughl It • liubaiKiniliT* ihliiK kff lh(n> lik
«r«cl lUtu** tn honor iif hiiii, •• *#>H ■• lo
»m»*t hf hli tuun*. Many a( ih*w fpt*ii# lhin(«
w*r« Mill lijr Apion, by which h« h<>|M-il lo iiro-
voka ('aiii* lo angar al lh» J*t«a, a> h« wai litaly
lo lwi bul I'hilo, lb* |irlm:l|Ml oCiba Jawiah am-
liaMafr, a man rininani on all ariounU, Miilbar
(u Alatanilrr iha alabarrh,* and nn» not untkil-
ful in iibiloaoiihy, Uraa raaily to baiaka hiiimlf
to nialio hi) ilafriic* ap^ajlial ihiim acniiMlloiK;
but ('aim |irohibl((i<l hiin, ami haitf hiin lirx'oia;
ha Wat alio in lurh a rax*, Ihal il c<|iroly appaar-
•«i ha waa al>uul to ilo ihaiii toma vary Rraat iiiia-
ehiaf. Ho Fhilo, halng ibiia aA'nintad, want out,
•n<t laiit io IhoM Jaw* who wara atniin liiiii, ihal
" Ihi'y ihoiihl lia of uooil coiiraKa, aiiira ('aiut'l
worth iiiilctal thowairanKar at thriii, bat in rath-
ly hail alrttiiily wt llotl aKainit himaall'."
3. H<'rau|H)n (,'aiua, taain(( it vrry hainouity
that hi! ahnuiil thu< b« tlrapUail li^ Ilia Jawi alone,'
•ant I'atruniua lo lia pra*i<l'nt ol Syria, anil lun-
caiXM* in tli« )(<>*'">">'>'t to VitalHiii, anil f(ava
him urilar to iiialie an invaainn into Jiiiira with n
graal body of Iniom; and It' thry woiilil admit
of hit ilalua willinKly, to arret it in the tampir of
Ciod i but If thay wara obatinata, to connurr Iham
by war, and than to ilo it. ArrordinKiy. IVlro-
Biut look Ihx K"**^'"i"'"t "( SvrIa, niiil iifadK
hatta tu obey Oiar'a rpialla. lie got logelhiT
M mat ■ number of auiiliaria* aa he poiaibly
coiud, and took with him two leKiont of Ihe Ito-
man army, ami came lo I'tolaiiiaia, and there
wintered, at intending to ie| about the war in
the ipriiig. He alio wrote word lu (.'ajim ifTiat
he had reaoUed to do, who commended him for
hii alacrity, and ordered Kim to go on, and lo
roaka war with them. In cate they would not obey
hl| commamU. Hut there came many ten thou-
tandi of the Jewa to I'elroniiii, lo I'loltninin, lo
offer their petiliona lo bun, that " he would not
omiuel Iheni to iranigrraa ami violate the law
of their foreAithcra, but if (aaid they) Iho^ art.
entirely reaolved to bring thia ttafue, and erect
it, do tbou firat kill ua, and Ihen do wKat thou
halt riaolvrd on; lor whitit we are alive, WRCnn<
not prrmit auch thing* aa are forbiddM ua to be
done by tne authority of our IrgialMDr, and b^
our forcfalhert' deterniinalion, tliat inch prohi-
biliont are inatancca of virtue." Hut Petronius
wai angry at them, and aaid, " If imired 1 were
myielf eniprror, and' were at libi:rty to follow
my own inclination, and then had draigned load
thua, lhe«e your worda would bu juilly aiioken to
nie; but now Cvaar hath tent to me, I am under
the newaaitir of being anbaerviant to hit (iecrtei,
bccauM n ditobedience to tbcii» will brinp; upon
ine inevitable dealruclioii." Then the Jewi re-
plied, " Since, therefore, thou art ao ditputrd, U
Pclroniua! that thou wilt Ant djtobey Cniua'a
epiallea, neither will we Iranigrraithecommanda
of our law ; and aa wn de|H'Hd upon the excel-
lency of our lawi, and, by the labort of our an-
cailora, have continued hitherto without tuffer-
iog them lo be Irantgrufcd, we dare not by any
*Thla AtaiandaTi the alabarch, or (overnor of tha
Jewa at Aleialidrla, and brollier in Plillo, la auppoaed
by Biahop Pearton, In Art. A|iOsi. p. 41, 43, th he the
aame with that Aleiander wlio ia menlioned by
81. Luke, aa of the kindred of the hl|h prieata, Acta
l». t.
t What Joaephua here, and ■ai't. 0. relatea aa done hy
IDe Jewa, tifurt ittatim; la in rniio, not ^ar on tne
time »iaa l*a cam laaa rj;M, who, aa Le Clere notea,
differ here one from another. Thla la another Indica-
tion Ibat Joaephua, wben ha wrote thla account, had
meant aulTer nuraalvaa lo ba tn timornua at lo
Irapagrraa ihoar lawt out ol the faar of daalh,
whli'h liml Imlh ilrlarniinad are lor Our aiUt»-
laga I and if w« lall into niialortunaa. We will liaar
tb»m. III orilar lu praaarva aur lawi, aa knowing,
Ihal lhii«« who aijnia* thaiiiu-lvaa l>i dan|i«rt.
haw KiHiil ho|MI nl ati'aping Ihrni, b* i aiiaa litxl
will ilMid on our ttdr, njitn out of rafard to
bim, wa undergo afflirliona, and auatain Ina nn-
rertaiq lurna ul forluna. HA if we ahonbl tub-
mil to tbar, wa ahould ba graally raproachad far
our rnwardli-c, aa Iharaby •howiiig oiirtalva*
ready to Iranagrrta iiur Uwi and we thoiilil in-
rur lh« great angar of IIimI altO, who, aaen Iky-
aalf being judge. It iU|M>rinr to (,'aliia."
X When IVlroniiia taw by their worda thai
their dalertiiinHlion waa Nanl to b« removed
and that, without a war. he ihonld not be able la
Imi tubterviant lo I'aiua in the dadii;ation of hit
alaliie, and that Ihere muat ha a grrat d**l of
bioudihatl. he look hit friendt, ami the tervanlt.
that ware about hjin, anil bailed to 'I'iberiat, at
wanting to know in what pnature the aftinrt ol
Ihe Jrwa wrr)-;}.aKd many li n Ihoiitandt ul the
Jawt met I'elniuiua agaiii, whrn he waa come lu
Tilieriat. Thate thought they mutt run a mighty
haiard if they thould have a war with the Ito-
niana, liul jodgr^l that the trantgrrtiiun of the
law wat of muih gn alrnronanpirme, and ninila
luppllrattOn to lilin. that he would by no meant
reilui't' ihrni to luch ihttrriaee, nor dellle their
city with the drdiration of the ttalur. Then !'(•
truniutaaid to thmi, ■■ Will yoii then make wat
with C>aar, wllhoul ronaideriiig hia great pr«>
imrntiont fur war, and your own wraknraat"
I'liey rrplird, " Wa will not by any meant inaka
war wilh him, but alill wa will die before we tea
our lawi Iranagreaiad." So they threw Iheni-
telvet down upon their facrt, antl ttrrtr'heil oul
thrir ihroata, and laid thry were ready lo'ly
ilain; and Ihii thry did for forty dayt logrlhrr,
and in the mean lime Irl'l off' the tilling ol thrir
ground, and thai wbile Ihe taaion of the year re-
(luired llii'm, to tow it.f Thui ibey continued
nrni in their reinlution, and pm|H)ied lu theip-
telvea to die willingly, rather than lo tee the de-
dication of the tlnliir.
4. When mallert were in thii itate, Ariil]-
bului, kinK Agripnn't brother, and Helciai l|i«
({real, and the other principnl men of that family
with them, went in unto Felroniiia, ami beiongbl
him, that "tinre he taw Ihe retolution of tne
niulliliidr, he Would not make any alleratioo,
and therrKy drive them to detpair; but would
write to Ca^iui, that Ihe Jewi hod an intuperabia
avertion tn the rereptiim of the ttnlue, and how
they continued with him, and left off Ihe llllaga
of tneir ground : that thry were not willing to go
to war with him, becaute thry were not able to
do It, but were ready to die wilh pleaiure, rather
than tulfer their law! to be Irantgryted: and
how, upon Ihe landi continuing untown, rub-
beriet would grow up, on the inability they would
be under of paying thrir tributet; and that per-
bnpa Caiut might be thereby moved to pity, and
not order any barbarout action lo be done to
them, nor think of dettroyin^ the nation; that if
h« cuntinuei. inHexible in hit former opinion to
bring a war upon them, he may then tel about It
himtrlf." And thut did Ariilobulut, and the
reit with him, supplicate Petreiiiut. So I'elro-
niut.l partly on account of Ihe prciiing^ initancei
nor aaan PhUo'a Legal, ad Calum, MherwkM he Wonld
hardly liavn lierein dUTercd flrom him.
1 Thla PuMluaPetrortiua, waa, aflerthla,«tlll prealdani
of Syria under Clauillna, and, at the deairo of Acrljina,
puM'hhed a aevere decree agalnal Ihe Inhahltahli of Da-
ra,who. In a aort of imitation of Caiua. had aet upa.ata-
tueofOlaudlualllilJewlah aynagogiie there. Thla de-
cree la extant, h. |B,«li. Vl. atei.S, and ireaily eonflrma
ihajireaentBccoumof Joaephua, aato the other decraaa
ofClaudiua, relallni to the Ilka Jewiab atraira.b. lU
ch. y. aact. 9, 3, to which 1 refer tha laqfakriliy* taidw
\'
i'-l
1- •..
I ■
- 1
■I
— V :
Mt limnrnua *• la
ihn r*ar o( tUmh,
•r« lor our •■l?«i^
lunf*. Mr* will Iwir
lawi, ■• kniiMftng,
iirlfot In tlmiKfrt,
lh*ni. b*r«uu Owl
iml uf rvfiril lo
ml luaUin In* iin
I if w* thoiilil iMh-
•lljr rt!|>rii*cb'il fur
•liiiwiiiK oiirarU**
mil w* ihoulit In-
\t>, »hn, (fan ihjr-
I (,'*llM."
y Ihair wiinU ihil
il lo b* rrtiiiivtil
loulil n<il II* •lilr In
• ri<ili<;*liiin nf hit
1* ■ (ml iImI uf
(, anil ih* Mfvtnli.
I«l to TibcrlM, at
•tarn thn iftinn til
II Ihoiiunilf ol ih«
irn he wu riiiiic la
y niu«l ninaitiiiihljr
• wnr will) Ilic Itu-
rmuKrrwion of lh«
•'•|iii'li<'*, »>ui iiinil*
wiiiiUI lif no nirtnt
■••, nor ilclll* lh*jr
r iimiir. Thru I'c
jfoii Ihrn niak* mnt
riiiK hif Krcal |ir«>
ir own wcalmfnit"
lijr nnjr niraiit iimka
II ili« b*for« w* it*
Ihry throw llicm-
anU itrrtrlicil out
I w«r« rraiijr In'ljp
'orfy <l*y> toK«-llirr,
ttic uHmK ol thrir
aion of tli« year rt-
hui l)i*y ronlinuril
pro|H)se(l tu thciD-
than lo ler Iha dt-
Ihil italc, Aritti-
r, anil Hrlciaa l|i«
il man of that family
pniiii, anil beioucbl
e reiolulion of w»
■ kr nny aileralioDi
ileipair; but would
had an in(iip«rabt«
the itnluci ami how
I left off the llllaga
re not willing tu go
y were not able to
vith pleaiure, rathrr
lran>f|fry>ed: and
niiinf; unaown, rob-
inabilily they would -
'ulei; anil that pvr-
iiioved to pity, and
;liort to be done to
; the nation; that if
I former opinion lo
ay then let about it
riitobului, and tha
ireniut. So Petro-
e prciiing indancM
I, other wkM heWoaM
ihin).
ifter ihii,«llll preelilani
Uie detlro of Aurlpna,
ithelnhaMtaiiliorOe-
;ai«a. had ael up a. Ma-
j|0||ue there. '1 hia d*- •
"^i^
.^,.
iNK>K xviii-^iiAP. vrri.
1'
^1
l:.i
t, and iireail jr conflrmr
, 81 lo the other ilecraaf
Jewiili alfairi, b. lU
the tnqpUailtr* letdw
which Arliliihiiliit and the r>H with him maile,
and Iwimiae ii( ihc ir'al rniinrfliieiirft of wt»t
they il*<irr<l, and In* rarHfatn*** wh»r»wllh
lh*y iiia/lv thrir lupfdii'iillnni partly nn airminl
nf III* (Irtnnra nf tn« nnpiifiiiiin iiiailv by Ihr
i«wa, whii h II* anw, wbil* li« IIihukIiI iI a hnr
rihle Ihinn for liiili to b' am li a aluto liilhenMil-
MM ot Cain*, a* In ilay an mnny Irn Ihnuaand
men, only b«raua* of Inxir relinioua ilia|K»llinn
luwanli liiHl, awl aftrr that to |Ma> hia life Hi
•\|wrtaliiin uf piiiiialiiiirni; I'rtniniua, I aay,
Ihoufht It niiirh billfr In arnd In Cailia, and t<>
Irl him kiiuW how inliilrrablii It waa 111 bun Itf
bear lb* •'<K*r hr liiij(bl h««« a|atnal hiiii for
■ol arrviHK niin auonrr, in nbi illriK-i' lo hiaepia-
II*, for ihal |ierhapa ha uilKbt |irranii<l* hiiu : and
that if Ibia mad riatdnliuh funlloiiril, lir niiuhl
than br^in Ihf wiir aKuiiiat Ihriiii iih), that In
caae h* ahould lijrn hu bnlml againat hiniarif, It
waa Al fur airtiioua (wraiina nirrn lo ilia for the
•ak* of aurh «n<it niultiliiiUa uf nirn. Arrnnl-
innly, he dalnrniinvd to hearken to lb* potilion-
art in I hia niiillrr.
A. III! tlirii rulti'd the Jewa Ingrthrt In Ti-
btriat, who I'Jiiiir, many Irn IhuiitHnila in nuni-
bar: he aUu plurnl thai army be nnW hud with
him iippiKile lu Ihrnij bill iliil mil fliaruxr hia
own III) HniiiK, but Ihr iiiinmanila uf Ihr rni|irriir.
and lubl Ihriii, (hat "hia wrath wiiiilil, wllboul
delay, he etnutrd on aiiih at had llin ruiiragi'
lo inaiibry what hf had riMnniandiil, and thia
imni^iliatrly; ami that it wiit Hi fur him. who
had olitiiinril to Krent adignily try hit |rrnnt, iii>t
lo runtrailli't liliii in nn) IhiiiK;" yil, tiiiil hf, " I
do niil (biiik it ju«l III hiivi' aurh a rrnnrd |u in)
Mfrly and honur, iia |ii nfntr In aairitiie ihi'iii
fur your prvnerralion. who are- to many in num.
h*r, and rndravor to pr<:arr*e Ihi' rrjrnrd that
i« dilP In ynur law,- wbirh, iia || bulh riMJiir down
to yon from ynur rnnrntlirra, an do yuu rtlrrni
It worthy of your uliiiixl innlnitinii lo preorvi^
it; niir, with the aupreiiic iioiatnnrr nml |Hiw<-r
of tJiiil, will I bii to hiirily na In aiirti r voiir ti'in'
pie In lull iolocunli'iiiiit liy llie mi'iiiii iif ihr iin-
IM-riid nullinriiy. I will, IhiiiCori', >i ml |n Caint,
and Irt hiiii know ivhni your rcauliiiiuna are, and
will naaitt your anil nt fur na I am iiblr; that yon
may nut be rxpoaiil to aullir nn mTnnnt uf tlir
hoiiral deai^na you have (irri|Miti'il to yourai,'lvra;
and may <1ihI ho yoiir jiMiflnnl, Inr bi« niithnrily
ii beyond nil the runlrivinwi' hih) pimi r nf nil^n;
and iiiny hr pi;|ii'un< you Ihi- nrrai^vuliuu of yuiir
anrient Inwa, mid nmy nut he l>i> deprived, thouKh
without your nmarnt, of bit nimialnmed honnra.'
Hut if < nina be irrllnterl, nnd turn the vinbnci',
of hit rajfe upon , I will tnllirr uniliTKo nil
that danger iinil tliiit Hllliriiun Ihiit may cmiie
eilliir ii^Min my bndy ur iiiy iniil,4hHn tn nrv
ao nmny of you periaft, while you nn uctUiff in tu
«Xd<lli;nt u miinner. Do ynu, thin furr, rvi-ry
one nf ynu, gn your way about your own oi-ituiw-
tioiiH, ami fall lo the rullivution"i>r your gruiind;
I will myielfarnd toUouie'und will nut refuti*
|o lerve you in all thingi, both by iiiy.ilf andby
my frienda."
'6. When Petrohiut had tnid Ihit, ant) haddia.
niitted the aiiembly of the Jcwi, he deaired the
prinripnl of thriii to take I'nro of their huiluiii-
diy. and lo «|ie«k kindly to the people, nml en-
•toumgr them In have u pood ho|)« of their nf-
fairv Thm did he readily hring the multitude
to be rheerful ngiiin. And now did Uod tliuw
hil preteiii'e* 16 PetrAnlnt, and lignify lo him,
that he would afl'ord him hit nttittaiice In hit
wholA drtign ; for In- ha<l no tooiier finiihed the
speech that he made lo the Jewa, but Uod tent
_* ■j'weplmt here utet the tolemn New Teitament
worila, ■'»p'""«,nni|.s>o«.'ii.,t|ii-j>rr.«iirenni1iiiip««- !
raMt of (Jod, for (he innnlfiaiiitlDii of bit imwer. and
proviilcnrp In reironlu*. by aendlng rain In a lime ofi
dlitrrta, Immrdiaiply upon I lie rerojution be bad U- 1
ken lo preterve (he temple uAwHulrrt a( the hazard i
of hia own life, wKbout nny other mlrnciiloua appcar-
97ft
diM»n irral almwera of ram, cnnlrary lo haman
»«|iei'laUnn, Inr ih<il 41*/ waa a ibar day, aa4
(a«e nn tiK", lii Mm. a4||H>Hraiit'r »f ik* ait, of
any ram. ,ni>, (hr whule year hail Item tulijeet
In a gr.al dtuiiiihl, *ii,l miidr (urn det|Hilr nf anf
wiiur from tlint. . r«in when at any Ilin* that
aaw (hr heaiina „«,r<>«( wKhrhlmla, ina.nnurll,
that when aurh a kxiI i|ua»lil) ul rain rtui*.
and that mi an uniiaind iiinniirr, and wilhniit any
other etiM-rlaliun uf il, (Ite Jrwi hrtfwt ihal I'*.
truniu* wiiuld by nn uiiant fail in hia iM>rtli>n fur
lh*m, llul *f In I'ldiiHuia, hr wat ininhdlr tiir
iiriaeil whin he jieri i itrd (hat Hod etiJrillly
look i'ar« iif lK» Jrwa, and ||!iyr yert plain aifnt
of hia i#|ipr*rani p.t nml (hit (u tmli a ilrnrae.
Ihal thoar that wvrn in rarnetl nimh inrlimd In i
|he ruhlrary. had nnpnwir lrf( In iiMKradii-lil.
Thit wilt alaii aiiiuHK (hoar other |>ar(ii'uliirt
whli'h he wrol* (n I'niua, which all (ended tu
diatulde him, and by all -mi una lo entrral hlin
not tu make au many (rn lhou<aiidt of (brae man
gtt int(rHi'(id, whom if he ihuuld tl*«, (for widl-
out war Ihry wuuki by no mrana aiiller Ih* lawi
nf (heir wnrabip In be tr( aaidr,) he would InM
the rryenue they pmil hiin, and wnnlil be pnldie-
ly ruraeil by (hem fur all fu(Ure aget. Muriorvr,
(hat (inil, who Woit thrir |ii«rrniir, had ahnwn
bit pnWir imiit ey'iilrndy on (heir iM roiinl, and
(lia( tiifh a (M>wer nf bit at lifl no mum for.
dnubt abnut II. And ihit Hnt the biiaineaa that
I'rtronuit WM* now enKagril in.
t. Hut kini; A(rippa, trho now li*ed at Rome,
wai more and niure in lh< favor nt (?aiui; and
when h* had nnrr made him n >up|H'r. and wu
rnrefiil lo exrri'il «|| nihert, bnlh in eipeoi**
Binr-in aiii'h |irrpiirallont at nil|[hl <-nn(rlliiite
mottlo bia pltature; nay, it wat to fnf from Ih*
nbilMy of olben, (hat ( iiiui hiinarlf lualil.ni-ver
eiiuaf, mui'h leit eireeil il, raurh care hnil ha
(liken iKforihawl (oeirerd all men, and pnrlii'M-
liirly In iniike tJI n^rreiilile (n Criar) heri'ii|ioii
('iiiiii ailiiiired bia undertdiniliiiK and inaKnifl'
11 ore, (hut he thniild fori'v hiiiitelf (n iln ulj ta
piriiae him, even bryunil bih> in|M'naet ua h*
rnnid lieiir, and waa de>irbiia nii( In be bi hihil
WKh A^rlpiia in thai ((I'lieru'iit) nh|rh hi e»ert-
e«l in orilir lo pbaae bini. Sn (,'»iua, when he
hnil iltunk wine plmdlidly, and wiit merrier
than ordinary, taid tliut duriPK the final, tvhen
Aitrippn had dnink (ohim: " I Imew bifore now
hnw great n ri'a|ii r( thou batt hiid fur' me,} and
bnw urmi kinilneaa ihuu bual ahnwii me, llmiigh
widi (hnte Inzanit (nlhyai'lf, which Ihuu umler-
wenleat under Tibrriua nn tliul nciMunI i nor
hna| (hiiu omi((rd any thio|r (n ahnw (hy cund-
will (owurdt i vrn tnyiiiHl ihy abiliiy ; wlienca
i( would be a bate thiuK for me (u be rnnqu«rrd
by (by uni-itinn. I am, tin refnrr,drair(iua ininaka
thee iiiiirnda fqr evrry (hing In whiili I havf
been fiirmerly defu-ii n(, fnr nil thnl I linve l>«.
atnwed nn thee, that may In- riilli'd my Kifla.-il
but lidle. ^.very thiUK (hat niuy cnniribule t«
thy hiipninraa ihull be at thy airvii-e, nml' thnl
cheerfully, and ao far Ht my Hliilily will rearh.''
And thia waa what f^aiut laid lo Agripjia, think-
ing he would nak for t'liiii- larp' i-minirr, or the
reveniiet of i-ertnin ritiit. Hnl, nllhoug'h he had
tirepared iH'fnri'liaiid whiit he would nak, yet
ind ho not diarnvend hii ind ntloiit, but made
iMi aniwer tu ('iiliit iiniiiedl;it<ly, (hnt " It tvaa
not nut of niiy expecl.itinnuf gain (hot he former-
ly paid bit reapecla |ii him, i:untr»ry to the cofti.
iiinnila of Tiberim, nor did he noiy do liny lliinr
ri'laling to him nut uf regnrd to hil <itvn Vilvnn-
iHge, nnd in onler tn rtci-lve any tliirip; from
him: tlint the gilli he had already beatuwed
ani-» at nil In fhnfi-ii.i.- »i-M>l. i.l) (f,,fffy„ jg |
taken noiire of here, and. (rently lilutliales icveral
text*, tmli in (ho (lliland New Tcttnmenti.
1H«e the prrreiitni nolo.
'I'lil* lieliiivlor of t'ulua lo Acrippa it very like IbU
lerod Aniipna, liitundn, lo llcrodlni, Agrippa't ii»
ter, about John (he Baptiit, Matt. iIt S— 11,
211
-A.'*«h>'
370
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWH.
>
■poll him wr» fttit, «ihI bi'jrond tli« liofwt of
•Tan • cnrviiiK iiwa; fur, ■llliiiu|;h llx'jr iimy lie.
bcprnlh thy pinvrr, [ivlin nrt the doiinr,] rot »rn
thry ifrmti^r thun my iiicliiiHliun ali'l JiKiiil),
who iini lh<i iiM'I^Vrr." Ami, iii Ciiiut writ im-
lomihi'tl lit A|^ri|i|iii'« iiu'lhutlunii, iiiul >tiU (h«
more pmiisii hiiii lu iimkc hii requent for ioiiiv
whkt trhii'h hiMiiight icmlily him with, Agriiipii
replied, "SIih:!; thou, O my lord! dt'ilnrot (urh
It thy muliuLii tu Kruut, that 1 nui korth/' of
ihy liifli, I nilltik iiulhliii' reUtini; to my own fi'-
licily; I'orwhatthou hailiilrendy liKtiiwrduiiliie
hM inailci iii« exi'i:! ihrrciii; but 1 driirt- aoiiie-
whit which miiy iilnkt; lh«e glorioua lor piety,
■nd rrndcr the, biviflity Hiiintunl to thy deiigiii,
■lid may he (nr uii honor to me amoiiK thota
that iiuiulru about it, «• ilioniiii; that I never
ones tail of oblaininr what I deaira of thee; for
ui;r iH:titif)n it Ihit, tniit thou wik no lonetnr think
ol tno dedication of that italue ivhich tnou hniil
ordered to b« act up in the Jewiali temple by
f elroniun."
8. And Ihiia did A(;;ripp« venture to cait the
die upon ihii ocraainn, no great wan tlie allnir 'in
hi> ojiiiiion, and iu reality, though lie knrw how
(langvruu* a tljing it wni to ipcuk ; for, had not
Caius approt)i!(l of it, it had lemled to no Ium
than Ihu loa> of, bit life. — 8o Caiiia, who win
Biighlily taken with Agrippa't obliging brlia-
yior, and on other accounti thinking it a dit-
bouorable thing to_ be guilty of ralarnood before
10 niaiiv witneaiei, in point! wherein lie had with
inch alacrity forced Agrippa to become a peti-
tioner, and III*' i' would louknii iChe had alnady
repented of what he had said, and bcciiuic he
creatly admired Agrijipa't virtue, in not desiring
Eini at all lu augliieiU hia own doniiuiona, cither
with large revenuea or other authority, but took
care of tne public tmn(|uillity,of the liiwa.nndof
the Divinity itaclf, he granted him what he hud
requested- lie also wrote thut to I'tlroniua.
coniinciiding htm for asaenibling hit army, and
then Gotiaultiug him about these alfaira. " If,
therefore, (said he,) thou hait alreiuly ercctiil
my statue, let it staod; but, if thou hnat not yet
dedicated it, do not trouble ihynclf furlhel- about
it, but ditmist thy army, go back, and take care
of those aOaira which I sent thee kbout at lirst,
for I have now no occasion for the eractioii i^
that statue. This I have granted aa a Uvurto
Agrippa, a man whom I honor so very ^atlv.
that 1 am not able to contradict what Iw would
have, or what he detired me to d^ foi<^jiiin."
And this it what Caiua wrote to I'stt^oHiiis^wliich
was before he received hia Ivttci^nnforming him
that the Jews were very rtnilyW revolt abiiiitthe
ltatue,and that f hey seemeineiiolved to Ibl-catcn
war against the Koniant, and nothin|j^vlse. When
therclore Caius was much displeased that any
mttenipt should be made against hit 'govcrniiicnt,
M he wat n slave to base and vicious actions on
all occasions, and had no regard to what was
virtuous and honorable, anil against whoniao-
ever he resolved to show his anger, and that for
•ny cause whatsoever, he suffered not himself to
6e reatrained by any admonition, but thoughttlie
ibdulging hit anger to be a real pleasure, he
wrote thua to Petronius: "Seeing tnou esteem-
' est the pretenis made thee by the Jewa to be of
rreaier value than my comiiiunds, and art grown
intolent enough to be subservient to their plea-
sure, I charge thee to become thjr own judge,
and to contjder what thou art to do, now thou
art under my displeaaure; for I will make thee
'an example to the present and to all future ngis,
that they may not dare to contradict the com-
ands of their emperor."
9. That was the epistle which Caiut wrote to
'etroniut, but Petronius did not receive it while
laius was alive; that ship which carried its«iled
■o slow, that other letters came to Petronius be-,
iore this, by which he underttood that Caiut Was
diad; for (iml UouM rtot lorget the dangers Te-
troi^liia had iindiilukrn on account of the Jewa,
and of his uivii liunor. liul .when he hail liikek
(!iiiut awuy, out of Ida imligiialion of whiib hi>
bii'l to iiiaoli illly uttinilili d in ustumiiii; to hiui-
s< If divine woraliip, biitli Koine, and hII Ibiil ilo'
luiiiion conspired with l'etruniui,ea|iri'inlly {hntv
that were of ||mi trnutoriau order, to givn C^iius
his duo rewarili'beeause he had been uiinirrcilul.
ly ie»er<! tuthem: for he died not lung aflt r Im-
had written to I'elroniiis tiist riiixtle wliirli
threatened biiil with dt-iilli. Ilut as for the uccu-
sioii of his death, and the natur* of the ('lot
m^ainst him, I shall relate them in the urogresa
Qt thii narration. Now, that epistle which in-
formed I'etroniua of (.'uiua's death, came first,
and a little afterward cuiiie that which cnmninnil-
ed him to kill himself with hia own hiiiiils.—
VV'hereuiion he rejoiced at Ihit coincidence at tv
the deatii of Caiua, and admirrd (iod's provi-
dence, who wilhiiiit till! Iruat delay, and iiiiuuili-
ately, gave hiui a reward fbr the regard ht? Intel
to the li'iiiple, and the uasiatniice he ull'ordud tliv
Jews for avoiding Ihe dangers tliiy were in. Aiuf
by this means relruniua eacaped the danget'ui
death, wliil'h be could not foresee. y"^
CHAP. l.X / *
IVkat ttfelllht Jews thai irtre in JMnjlon.on
octasiim iifuiiiiitut and AniUiii, lieo Jlrolhcrt
{ I. A VtllV sad calaiiiity no\y()efell the Jiwt
that were in Menoiiuliiniia, niid^ esiieciully tbuic
that dwelt in Hab) Ionia. Inferior it was to niiiVt'
of tlie culiiinitica, which had gone before, iiiul
Came together iviih n pr/ffit slaughter of iIiiih,
and that greater than aily upon rcciml before";
roiiccrning all ivUicb i shall speak accuralilr,
and shall explain Ctto occasions whence liiusr
miaerics came uiiotf tliriii. There unsacily in
liubylonia cnllcil Neerila; not only a very popu-
lous one, but uii<^ tliut had a good and a lai'i;o
territory ab^tit it, and, btsidva its other lulviin-
tugea, lull, of men also. It was, besides, Hot
easily (p be aiKaulled by eiiciniet from the ritrr
Kupuriilux eiu-iiiiipus<iiiu it all round, and I'mio
thi^ walls thut were biijlt about it. There »ii<
^in the city ^iiaibis, situate on the same ctirlrriit
of the river. Kor Which reason the Ji^ivs, di-
pciuling on the natural strcii;;th of theM: place',
dcpuMtcd in them that half sliekel which even
one, by the custom of our coiiniry, oilers iiiiiu
(iod, as well as they did other things lievoted tu
htm; fur they miiiiii use of these cities as a trcu-
siiry, whence, at a jiroper time, they were lpiii!i-
iiiilled to Jerusalem; and many ten tliousiiiui
iiicn iindi'rlook the carriage of those doiinlioiis,
out of fear ofthe ravages of the. IVrtliiana, ti>
whom the IValiyloniahs were then subject. j\<m^
ttierc were two men, Asineus and Anileus, of llie
cily Ncirila by birth, and brethren to one an
other. They were destitute of a father.iinil ihiir
mother pul them tq learn the art of weaving cu^
tains, it not being esteemed a disgrace among
th< 111 for men to be weavers of clotn. Kow, li*
that taught them that nirt, and was set over
them, complained that they came too latu to
their work, nnti 'punished them with stripes; but
they took this just punishment as an uHront, anil
carried olf all the weapons which were kept iu
that house, which were not a few, and went into
a certain place where was a partition of the ri-
vers, and was ii place Ratnraily very fit for tht
feeding fjf cattle, and for preserving such fruits.
as were usUnlly Inid up against winter. The poor-
est sort ofthe young iiien also resorted to tlieni,
whom they armed with the weapons they had
gotten, and became their captains; and nothijig
hindered them from being their leaders mtQiiils-
chief; for, as soon as they were beconie''invinci-
ble, and had built them a citadel, they sent to
such as fed cattle and ordered tbeoi to pay them
.. 4 "i
■:ff
if.
;■
-I-
■.'.« -
■i
t
irgrt Ihc i\mgen Vn-
xu'oiiiit n( Ihe Jam,
It .i«hrn lir liKil liikrk
i)(iiiitiiiii of wkiib hi|
I ill uiiiUiiiiMi; Id kiln-
Loiik: mid hII llinl ilor
j|iiui,*ii|iri'inll} thoM'
oril«r. III Kivii ('iiiin
bail brrn iiiiiiirrcilul-
icfl. n'jt lunj^ al'liT hi-
liiAt riiiallfl wliirli
Uut at for tli« uiTu-
t iintnr* oC iKf I'lot
(h«iii ill llie uriiRrcM
ml «pi*tlv wliii'ii in-
i> ili'iilh, t'Hnii' fint,
lliat wlliclicnmiiiniiil-
llt hi* uwn IiiiikIs.—
Ihii cuinciiltni'v a» tv
(liiiirril (iuil'a provi-
It (Itliiyt nml iiiiuiiili-
>r the regard ht? Iind
tniice he ull'oriluil (liv /
•ri ihi y w«r<i in. Aiiif
i'U|i)!d th« daiigi't'ui
/
rx.
vlre in fWiylon, on
IniUui.lieo Urothcrt
I nu\y\>tM\ the Ji wt
aii^ «8i)4^L'iully tliuic
nfv'nur it wna to noftt'
iA frotw licforp,.uiif]
II fluUtthtlT of lIll'IH,
lipoii rixirrd before";
ill njicult uccurarilr,
:n»ioii« whincn liiusr
There uiit n cily in
not only a very pojiu-
I u |j;iio(l Hud a lui'i;o
•idi'D il» other ildviiii-
h was, heaiden, hot
iiciniei from the ritrr
ull round, mid fmio
iboiit it. 'I'heie »a<
ii on the same ctirlfnit
•enhijii the Ji^ivs, di-
i!ii;;th of (heM: pinre',
f uliekel tvhich ev<n
coiiiiiry, ollera iiiiio
her things <ievuteil to
thesu citic!) 119 a treu-
lime, they were Ipiiis-
many ten tlionsiiiui
;u of those donnlioiis,
of the. IVrthianH, (i>
e then Kiibjcet. j\<m^
us and Anileus, of tlir
brethren to one iin
! of fathcr,iinil (hi ir
he art of weaving!; l'u^
id ■ disgrace uuioni;
i of clotn. Kow, ll*
t, and wax set ortr
',y came too latu to
hem with stripes; but
ent as an atl'ront, unci
I which were kept iu
a few. and went into
9 partition of the ri-
iraily yery fit for the
preserving such fruiti-
ist winter. Tiie poor-
ilso resorted to them,
ie weapons they had
raptains; and nothrp;;
their leaders intQiiils-
were beconie''invinci-
citadel, they sent to
red tbeoi to pay them
♦ ■'
'Mi*
BOOK XVln.-CHAP. IX.
377
M much IriliidM Out of them at uwfhl be suffl-
cicnt for tli^'ir maintpnaiicr, iinipoiiiiK also that
Ihty wou|(l be their friends illliey would submit
IU thrinvand thai thejr would defend Ihciii frniii
all thei# other enemies on every side, bnl that
they Wiiuld kill all Ihe cattle of those that refu-
ted Ipnhcy them. Su ihry hearkened to their
proilotals, (for they could do nolhin^f else,) au<l
sefn Iheiu at uiaiije theep as Wetm ri'quired of
tkem, whereby their farce* Rrew (frealer, lud
iney became lords unT all (hey pleated, briiiiise
/ihty inarched tudilenlv, and did llieni a niinriiirf,
insdmueh, that every- body Who had lo ilo with
them, choae to pay them rrtpert, aud they be-
came fiirniiduble to such at rume to aitanit
them, till lli« rejmrt aluiut them cnine to the ears j adtiiilled to the king* pn lenre ; and when Aila-
af Ihe kiliK of i'urlhia hini»elf. j |) »nu» ia» Anilena loiniii); nlune, he ini|nired '
3. Hut when the governor of Hnbylonia undecAnlo (he rtaton why Aiiunit iivnided lo rume
tloo<l thii, and had a uiind to out a atop to thr^^uBmK with hiin; and Svlien be underi<l\>oil that ho
oefiirf they (;rew ^renter, aiid tiefure greater niiii- rwa« afraid, ami ttiiyed by Ihe lake, he look an oatk
chiefs ahnuUI arise from them, he rot tof^elhrrua ' by the god* of hitrountry, Ihiit lie would do (hria
(rented by you, who have made an atlrmpl afpiintt
hitKOvrrnyien(,yr( halli he iiiorr re|;iird (o yoar
Couraf(eou« behavmr than to (he aiiKi r he bear*
lo you, and bath 1(111 me to kiwi you hft rigln
haiid.f ami security, ami he permiia you to rpua
to him tafely, and wllhOul any viiileme upon ih*
road, and he want* lo linve'voii aildreat your-
telvet to liini at friritda, witlioul meaning any
guile or deceit to vou. lie alao proniiaea lo iiiaka
you presentt, antf psy you lho«<t reaprria which
will make an aihlifion oY hit |NiweT (o yoiir rou-
Mte, and (hen by be of advaniaj^e lo you." Vet
did Aaineut hiniarlf put oil hia journey (hither,
but sent hit brolhi r Anilena with all auch pre-
tentt at he coulil |irorure. So he ueiil, and wan
irea»an ariiiy as he eould, both of I'urthiana and
Uuliylonian4, and marched fl|;ninat them, lliiuk-
iiig to attack tlieiii, and destroy tliein before any
one should curry them the newt that he had |;ol
an army (ou;e(lii'r. He then encamped lit a like,
and lay aldl; bu(, on (he next day, (il was the
Sabbath, tvhich it among the Jewi a day 0/ rest
from all sorts of work,) he supposed thiit the ene-
my would not dure to light hihi thereon, but that
he wuiild take llieiii aniTcarry (hem away ptixm-
ers without fighting, lie tbrreforn proceeded
gradually, and thuiii^ht to /nil upon them on the
tudden. ^low Aslneus was aitting with the rest,
and their weapons lay by them; upon which he
• lid, "Sirs, I hear n neighing of horsea; not of
tucli as are feeillog, but such at have iiien on
their backs; I alao hear such a noise of (heir bri;
dies, that 4,ani afraid that some eiiemie* arir coin-
ing uponaiis'to ciicompaat ut round. IIuwcvit,
let someliodv g<i lo look about, and make report
of what reality lliere is in thii present ttate of
Ihiiigt;* and in <vlml I hare said prove n false
alarm." And wIm 're aaidthia,'soineof ttleanwent
to »jiy out what tviu. Ilie inaKeC, and (In v came
again immediately uiid suid to bim, that "iicilher
bast thou b<>en mistaken in telling us wlint our
enemies were doing, nor will (hoae eneiiiiet iier-
nitus to be iiijurioua to people niiy longer. \V«
arecaiight by their intrigues like brute beaata,
and there is' n large boily' of cavalry ijiarchiiig
upon us, while We are dea(i(u(e of haiids to de-
fend onraelvea ivithal, becauae we'nre. reatrnined - .
from doing i( by t)iepr»bj|bitionof our law, which iieua'a courage in the actions he bad done, lind/
,pbliges us to re>t [on this day."] Hut Asineus lliia brcnuae he wat a lillle man lo see to, and atf
'i.d not by any mealit Agree W'itb the opinion of Gr»( High( iipjieared con(em[itllileuUa, and tucK
bis tpy us (o whn( was to bo done, but (honglK it as one might deem a iieraon of no value at iill.
more agreeable lo (he liiw (o pluck up (heir «|ii. lie alao aaid' to his friends, h.-iiv, upon a coni-
rits in this necesaity they wer>' fallen into, a«l puriaon, he showed hia soul to be in all rrapecti
oreak their law by avenging tlieiiiaelves.nlthousli I superior In hia boilv; and wlien, aa they were
'.hey sl^oiild die in the action, (han liy doing no- drinking together, tie once allowed Asineus (o
thing to pleaae (heir enemies in subiiiiltiiig (o be Abdugaaeg. one of (he k'i ncrala of liia.ariiiy, and
no harm, if (hey came lo liiiii iipmi (he aasuran-
cei he gave (hem, and gave (hem hia right hand.|
Tbi» it Of (he KCeuleal force there Willi all thria
barbarinna, uiiil ullordi a linn security to those
who converse with them; for nmu' of' them will
deceive you, when once they have (tiven vou
their rignt hands, nor will any one doiilit of tfirlr
fidelity, when that is once gin n, even (liougli
(hey were befoj-e tuapecfed of injualire. When
Ar(al)anU( hail done (hia, he seM( away Anileus
tujiersuadfl hit brother to come lo him. ISow
Ibis Ihe king did, becAilae he wanted to curb hit-.,
ovvn goveriiort of provinces by the crtftrage o( '
these Jewish brethren, lest (hey should liiake a
league t^'ith them: for (hey were ready for aTre-
y(d(, and were" disposed (o reliel, hail (hey betu
sen( (in an expedition agaitjaf (hem. lie wna olso
.afniid, h-at. when he was riignged in a w^r in or-
der to subdue ihoac'gvvcrnort of provimia that '
had revolted, the party of Atineut, and those jh
Ufebylunia should be augmented, and either iiiakn
war lipffflLhhu when (hey should hear of that re-
volt, Orjrff (hey should be disappointed iiiL^hAt
case, tfiey would not fail of doing further mis-
chief lo him.
4. When the king had these iiitenlions, he sent
away Anileus, mid Anileus prevailed on his bro-
ther [to conie to the king,} when be had rehiled
(o him (he king's good-ivill, and the oath (hat he ,
hud taken. Accordingly, Ihey muile haste to go
to Artnhanus, Who received Ihcm, when they
were conic, with pleasure, and admired Asi-
ilain by them. Accordingly, he took up his <veH-
pont, and infused courage into (hose (but were
with him to act as courageously as binlMlf. So
they fell upon (heir enemies, and slew n great
many of them, because they despised them, and
eanie at to a certain vic(ory, and put the rest to
flight.
3. But \vheii the news of Ibis fight came to the
king of l»arthia, he was surprised at Ihe boldness
of these brethren, and was desirous to see theni,
and speak with (hem. He therefore tent (he most
told him his nnniC, nnd diacrilied the great
courage be w.is u( in war, nnd Abdagaset bad-
desired l*nye to kill him, and tlu-rebylQ inflict on -
him a puniihnient for tlioae iiijiirie»'he had done*
to (be i'artbiun governim lit, the' kiiiu^ repliefL, •• I
will never give (bee leave to kill n man who
bath depenifed on my I'liith. especially not after
I have sent him luv right liaiid. and endeavored
(0 gain his belief by oalha iiiailc by (he godi,
Hut if thou Im/sI a (nily H;ii-like man, (hoB
stuiidest iiSt ill need of my peijurv
• S'
hon
(io thon
trusty of nil his guards lo say thus (o them, "That then and rfveiige (he I'nrlliiaii goicnriiieiit ; attnrk
'.( king Artubanus, although he bith been unjustly
• 'E»iTra«oT«» ia here, and In very many other placet
of Josephus, iiniHediiiieln at hand, nnd is to be ap ex-
poundeil, 3 Tliea. il. S. wlierj aomo fnlaely pretended
UiatSI. Paul had said, eitlier hy word of mout4i,-Ar1)y
an epistle, or hy liotli, IJial tit day ofCiritt mat inau-
iiUttt at hand; tot still St. Paul did then plainly think
ttaatday not very many years future.
this man, when he is returned liiick, and com|uer
t The joinini; nf the ri^'ht liniida ivaa eateemed amonu
Ihe PiTaians fiiiid Pnrtlriaiia) in p:irli-ulnr, a moat ln-
violulilcolilicalioii to (idelity, a« llr. Iludscm here oli-
serves, and rcl'engo tliccoiiiiiiftntary on Jiisiln, 11. xi. ch
XV. for its fonllriTiation. \Ve oHen meet with Ihc iik«
u«e of it in Josephus.
I Bee the preceding note. ,
878
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
Um by (h« forcci ihM are under thy commwid,
Mtllhout my prWilj." Ileraupon the kiiic cill««l
for Aiimui, Mil •■ill lo him, " [t ii time tin tticc,
O (huu jounif iiiiiii! lo rrtiirn home, ■mi not
provoko th« iiiilignution t>( thti ftnrmlt o( my
■rmy in ihi* place any farther, l«l they ■ttampt
to niunltr thee, *nil that nrlthuul mv ■iiprohii-
tion. 1 commit to thee the country of Ualjyionia
in trutt, thttt it may, by thy c»rc, be preMrvcd
free from rgbberi, (nil from other miichieft. I
have kept my fnith inviolable lo thee, anil that
not in trilling alluiri, but in (hone that conrrrnril
thy lafrly, aiul ilo Iherernre ileierve thou •liuultlm
ba kind to iiie." When he bad wid this, arid
l^ivi.n Aiint'Ut *om« preneDli, he lent htm away
imnicdialidy I who, when he ^wai come home,
built furirKWL't, and beciinie ((reut in a little time,
and mliiiRged tlilngi with auch courage and luc-
ceil, ■• no other peraon, that hud no higher a
bcKinningt'evfr did before him. Thoie i'arthian
fovernort alto, who were aent that way, paid
iui sreat reipect; and the honor that wai paid
hiiu uy the uabylijnia|i* lecmcd to them too
liuall, and lirneath hii dmerta, altbon|;h he were
in no •mall dignity and imwerthere; nay, indeed,
all the eflairs of Meioputaniia depended on him,
and he morn and niuru' flouriihed in tlii< happy
condition of hii for fifteen yean.
6. Uut aa their alfuin were in io flouriahinfi; a
itatt', there apranf; up a calamity among thejn
on the following Occaaion. When onre Ihey had
deviated from that courte of virtue whereby
thev had gnined aof^rcat^ power, their alfronlrd
ami traiUfrreaiAl the lawa of their forefather*,
and fell under the douiinion of their luati and
pleaiurct. A certain Parthian, who rame aa
Jpneral of an army into thoie parts, hud a wife
allowing him, who had a vaat reputation for
other Hcciinipliahnients, and particularly wtta ad-
mired above all other women for her beauty;
Anileut, the brother of Asineui, either Jieard of
that her beauty from othern, or perhapa »uw her
nimaelf alio, and lo became at once- her lever
and her iiitiiiy; partly becauie he could not
hope to enjoy tliis woman but by obtaining power
over bet- u* a captive, and partly beniuse he
thought he could not conqueiF bia inrliriationa for
her; aiaooB therefore ai her buaband had been
.declared an eqemr to them, and waa fallen in
the battle, the widow of the deceased waa mar-
ried to thia her lover. However, tbia woman did
not come into their house without producing
great misfortunes both to Anileus himsrlf, and to
Aaincua also, but brought ^reat niiachicfs upon
tbem on the occaaion following. Since She was
led away cuptive, upon the death of her hiiabnnd,
she concealed the images of those gods which
were their country gods, common to her hus-
band and lo herself: now it is the custom* of
that country for all to have the uiitU they wor-
ship in their own houses, and to carry tliuni«long
with them when they go into a foreign land;
agreeable to which custom of theirs she carried
her idols with her. Now at first she performed
herworship to them privately, but when she be-
came Anileus's married wife, she worshipped
them in her accustomed manner, and with the
tame appointed ceremonies which she used in
her former husband's days; upon which their
most esteemed friends blamed him at first that
be did not act after the manner of the Hebrews,
aor perform wh%t was agreeable to their laws,
in marrying a foreign wife, and one that trans-
gressed the accurate appointments of their sacri-
fices and religious cercii)i)nies;4hat he ought to
consider, lest by allowing himself in many plea-
sures of the body^ he migl^tjase his principality,
on account of the beauty of a wife, and that high
*Tbis custom of the Mesopotamians to carry their
household goila alonx wiUi them wherever they travel-
ed, laasoldasthedaysofjaroh, when Rachel hiswife
did thcsauie, Gen. xxxi. l!l, 30—3$; norli it to pass here
authority which, by Ooi)'a blesainr. he had a^
rived at. Uut, wnrn thry prrvaiTid not at all
U|)on him, he slew ona of them for whnni lie had
tiie greatest res|MCI, becausa of the liberty ha
took with him ; who, when he was dying out of
regard to the laws, im|>recuted a puninhjiitnt
iiuon his munlerer, Anilrus, and upon Aalnsus
also, and that all their coni^wiiions miKht Come tc
a like end froiH their enemies ; upon tlie two flnl
aa the principal actors of this wickedness, ami
upon the rest a* those that would not assist htin
when he suAisred in the defrnce of their lawi.
Now these latter were sorely grieved, yet did
they tolerate, these doings, liecauae thry reinem.
bered that they had arrived at their prrsent
happy state by ho other nieaiis than their for-
titude. Hut when they also heard of the worship
of those Kods whoiii the I'arthians adore, Ihey
tluiught the injury thnt Anileua oflercd lo their
laws was to b« uorne no longer; and a great
number of them canie to Asineiis, and loudly
complained of Anilcul. and told him thnt " it. had
been well that he had of himself seen what was
advantageous to them, but thnt however it wai
now high time to correct what had been done
amiss, before the crime that had been coinniitteil
proved the ruin of hlnisilf and of nil the. rest of
them. They added, thnt the niarriuge of ihii
woman was made without their consent, nnil
without a ref^ard to their own laws; and that the
worship which this wom.nn paid [to her goilt]
was a repronch to the (iod whom they wor-
shipped. Now Asiiiriis wus sensible of his bre- i
titer a offence, that it hud been. already the cauie
of great mischiefs, and would be so lor the time
to come; yet did he tolerate the same from thi'
good-will he had to so near a relation, and for-
giving it to him, on account thnt his brother wsi
quite overborne by his wicked inclinations. But
as more and more still came about him every
day, and the claniors al)out it became grentrr,
he nt length spake to Aiii4eus about these cla-
mors, reproving biin for his former actions,
and desiring hint for tlie future to leave them off,
and send the woman back tl> her relations, ^ut
nothing was {gained by these reproofs: for as the
woman perceived what a tumult was made among
the people on her account, and was afraid for
Anileus, lest he should i-onic to any harm for hit
lovu to her, she infused poison into Aslneus'i
food, and thereby took him off, and was now se-
cure of prevailing, when In r lover wa; to.be judge
of what should be done nhouther.
6. $0 Anileus took the governiilent upon him-
self alone, and led his army against the villages
of Mithridates,. who was a iiinn of principal aii-
thority in Farthia, and had married king Arta-"^
banus's daughter; he also plundered them, anil
among that prey was found much money, and
many slaves, as also a great number of sheep,
and many other things, which, when gaineil,
make men's condition happy. JVow, when Mith-
ridates, who was there at this time, heard that
his villages were taken, he was very much dis-
pleased to find that Anileus had first begun to in-
jure him, and to affront him in his present dignity,
when he had not offered any injury to him before-
hand : and he got together the greatest body of
horsemen .he was able, and those out of thuhaum-
ber which were of an age fit for war, and caine
to fight Anileus; and when he was arrived at a
certain village of his own, be lay still there, as
I Intending to fight him on the day following, be-
cause it was the Subbath, the day on which the
Jews rest. And when Anileus was informed of
this by a Syrian stranger of another village, who
I not only gave him an exact account of other
I circumstances^ but told him where Mithridates .
unohterved,what (rent misoricscame on these Jews, l«-
, cauae they suffered one of their leaders to marry aa
I idolatrous wife, contrarylo tlie law of Moaesr Of which
I matter, see the note on b. xix. ch. v. sect. 3.
'J
f
■ ;. .i
BOOK XVIII— CHAP, ix:
afTO
lilminr, he hiul t^
prrvaiTc'd no( iit ill
em for whniii lie liut
la of thr lilicrly he
he we* Hyini; out of
cutecl n puninhjiitnt
I, eml upon Aaiiiaui
■iiioiii niifrht Come (c
•ti ypon tlie two flnt
th'n wickedneia, inn
woiilil not auint htin
efciice of their Uwi.
•cly Krie««d, yet liiil
ircaute thr.y reineni-
ed el their prrncnt
vaiis than their for.
I heard itS the wunhip
'arthiaM adure, they
ileua oflercd to their
loiij^rr; and a i^rrat
Aaineiia, and lumiljr
told him that •• it hail
niteir aeen what wai
that huwitver it wai
what had been donr
t had been cninniitteil
and of nil the. rot of
the ninrriui^e o( Ihit
t their consent, nnil
vn law*; and that the
n paid [to her goilt]
«l whom they wor-
ua arnaihle of nia bre* i
een, already the cauie
uld he ao (or the time
te the aame from the
ir a relation, and for-
t that hia brother wai
(ed inclinationa. But
ime about him every
It it became gruatrr,
leus about theac ria-
Ilia former actioiu,
tun: to leave ihcni olT,
U> her relationa. ^ut
le reproofs: fur aa the
mult waa made among
t, and waa afraid for
le to any harm for hit
^iaon ipto Aalneul'i
o<f, and waa now le-
r lovef waa to.be judge
luther.
overniilent upon hiiii-
' against the villaf^rt
man of principal aii-
;1 married king Arta-'^
plundered them, an(l
d much money, and
eat number of sheep,
which, when gained,
y. JVow, when Mith-
thia time, heard that
B waa very much di»-
I had tirat begun to in-
I in hia present dignity,
r injury to him before-
the greatest body of
those out of thatjaum-
fit for war, and caine
1 he waa arrived at a
be lay still there, as
he day following, be-
;he day on which the
ileus waa informed of
f another village, who
xact account of other
ini where Mithridatei.
!S came on these Jews, !«-
leir leadora to marry aA
e law of Moaesr Of whirjl
.ch. v.aect. 3.
;. .;
would have nfratl, Hctnok hit luppir nt n pro-
prr time, an<l marrhrd hv ni)(hl, Willi an iiilcnt
of fidliiiK upm the INirlniania tvbiti' Ihi'V iiVre
unappritdl what they ahouM ilo; »>> hi' fill U|Hin
thrill iiliiiiit the fourth wnlrh ol the iii|;lit, iihd
f(ii»'' "I Ihrm lie ajii* whili' they were aHlcip,
iinil other* hi' put to lllght, aiiil timk Milliridntrii
*U>e, and srl hiiii naked upon an »'«,' which,
iiiiiiMijC thl^ I'lirtiilunt, It riliriiii'd ijie ei'*'"l<:>t
rrpniHcli poMihle. And whin lie hud bniujiht
him into n wood with iiirh a re^.iltitiiin, nii(llii<
(Virnils di'nirid liiin to kill Milhridates,' he moii
iiild llirni hit iiwii nuiiil' to the runlriiiy, and
said, Ihiit *'it wiiH iiiii tiphi li» kill a tiiiin who
wii« line iif the priniipiil iiinulien Biiii)n;c •he .Par-
thian*, niid •jreiillv hunnred with iiiiili liiii^ into
the royal (uuiilv; )lial mi far aa they had liilhrr-
tp gone was'l.jli'Tnblr; tor nllhoiiKJi llii y had in-
|iiri d Milhridatis, yet if the> prei-cru d his life,
Ihia benilit wiiulil he riineiiihtreil liy hini to the
ndvantaKC of Ihiwe that );nve it him, but that if
he were iiiM'i' iiiil to ileii(h, the king would not lie
at r««t till he IiikI iiiiule n gre;a «lHii;;hter of the
Jew* that dwelt ut Haliylmi; In wliiiie sflfrtj we
ought ti( have a regard, both on atrnunt of our
relation to them, iind hiruuse if any iiii»ri)rtnnc
liifali ii«, we have ml other pinre to iitiri- to,
lince he hath gotten the ItOwiTnl' their yiiuth
under hiai." By. Ilii« thought, and ihj.t xpeult of
hit made in council, he per»uii<liMHhiiii tu act in--
conlingiy, so Milhriilulia was lit go. But, whin
He was got awiiy,. hia wife repmailitd him, that
itllhoiigh he WIIH non-in-law to the king, he iieg-
lecli'd to aviiigf hiiiixelfon those thatlind injur-
ed hijn, while he tiiiik no care about il, but was
■' contented to linve been made a captive by the
JewK, and III have escaped them; and she bade
him either go back like a man of courage, or
el«o she swore by the g,ids of their ro\al family,
that she would Cirtiiinly irnvjln' hi'r niarriujie
with hhu." Upon uhu'li, paillv because he
could not hear the ilaitv trouble 'of her taunts,
and iiartly bccnine he ivai afraid of her into-
leiice, lest she shiiiilil in earnuldisjiolvc her mar-
riage, he uiHvillinKly, and ng»iii«t his inclina-
tions, got together njiain as great an army ai he
could, and marched along with tlierii, as liiii;Melf
thinking-It a thing not lo be borne any longer,
that he,-a Parthian, should mve liia preservaljoii
ti) the Jews, when they had been too hiird for
him in the war. .
1. But as soon as Anitens undemlood that .Mi-
thridateii was marching with a gri at arniv agaiiiit
him, he thought it too ignofliiiiiiMis a 'thing to
tarry about the lakes, and not to. lake the lirst op-
jiortunity of meeting hisenemies, ami he Impeil lo
have the same sUccesi, and to beat their oneinies
us they did before; as aUo he ventured boldly
upon the like attempts. Accordingly, he b^l out
Ins nrniy, and a great many more jiiined them-
selves lo that army, in order to lirtake tlrcni-
aelves to plunder the people, uiid in order to ter-
rify the enemy again by their numbers. But
when they had marched ninety liirlongs, while
the road hml been through dry [and saiiily]
places, and about the midst of the* day, they
were Irecome very thirsty; and Milhriilates ap-
peared, and lell upon them, as they Were in dis-
tress for want of water, on wliich account, and
on account of the time of the day, they Were not
able to bear their weapons. So Anileusand his
men were put to an ignominious rout, while men
in despair were to attack those that were fresh
and in good plight; so a great sfaughter was made,
and many ten thousand men fell. Now Ahileus,
and all that stood firm abo^l^ him, ran away as
fast as they were able, into a wood, and afforded
Mithridateslhe pleasure of having gained agreat
victory over them. But there now came to Ani-
•thiacnatom In Syria niiil Meaopolaniia, of aelllni
men upon an nas. by nayolilissrar.e, is still kept up at
Damnacus m Syria; wlierc, in order to show their de-
Icut n c,>n(!u\ of IwJ mi n, who re';nnled Iheif
own Im . vrn liitle, if Ihiy might Imt gninaonm
iirraent la.i , iiKnniitch thai they, by lliiii cnminK
to him, riiiii|u h^ali il the Ililudi of thotit that
liierinhiil in the liglil. Vet were mil ttir.o mrn
I like to lhii»r iliHt lill, bicuune they were rash,
and uiicji rii.1,1 In war; liowiver. With the«o he
I rnmc upon the villngea of the nabylnnians, and
: a inifhj^ ileva.luiijn of all thin;;. »m mode thera
j by the liijiirie» llml Anilem ilnl Ihein. So the
I Habyloni.ina, iihd Ihoae that had alnailt been in
I the war, sent t.i Neerda to the Jih.i ihi re, and
j deaiaildiidAnili IIS. Bui, allhougli the, did not'
j agree to their iliinanils, (for if tliCy had befn
, willing tod«li\i r him up, it wan not in their pnw-
I er ao to dii,) jet di.l tiny desire to ninki piai u
I with tl To ivhiih'ihe other ripliid, that
j they aUo wanted In yllle cmiditions ot pi ac«
' Willi them, and sent mill together with the Ba-
I byloninn*, who dincoiirsed with Anili'ua about
them. Jtut the Babyliininna, upon tnkiiij( a view
of his silnutiiin, and having ItMirnid nhere Aiii-
leua and hit im n lay, (ill secretly npon llieni aa
they were dfliiik, mid fallen n«liep, mul ilew all
that Ihey caught of theni, without any fynr, and
killed Ahileus himself also.
fl.'The BuhylonianH were now freed from Ani-
lens'a heavy incursions, whii(» had bun agreat
restraint lo the elleils of that hatrid lliey linre
to the Jews, for they were alnyi.st ahva\» at v.«-
rianre, by reaion of the conlraririy of their lawi;-
dnd which party- soever grew boUli'at befure the
other, they assaulted the otiKr; and nl this time
in particular it was, that upon the ruin of Ani-
leua'a parly, the Babylonians uttacked the Jews,
which inndo those Jewa la vehemently lo resent
the injuriea they received from the Babyliinians,
that being neither able to fight them, nor bear-
iil^ to live with them, they went lo Sele'uciii, tlffl
priiu'.ipal cily of those parts, which wus liuilt by
^eleucus ISicator. ft waa inhabited by iiiiiny of
the Macedonians, but by more of the (irecians;
not a few of the Syrian's also dwell there; mid
thither did the Jews (ly, and lived there five
years, without miy misfortunes. But on llie sixth
year, a pestilence trtme U(Jon those at Babjifrn,
wliii h occasioned new removals of ineii's habita-
tions out oftiiatcily; and Because they came to
St leucia, il happened that b still heavier cnla- .
mity came upon thepi on that account, which I
amgoing to rehile iinmedintel^.
9. Now the way of jiving ol the people, of Se-
leueia, tvlio were (iieeks and .Syrians, was coni-
inonly quarrelsome, and lull of discords, though
the (Jreeks were too Ijnrd for the Syrians. When,
therefore, the Jews were come thither and dwelt
among them, there arose a seditioTi, and the Sy-
rians were loo bard for the other, -and by tl'ie
assistance of the Jews, who are men thai despise
dangers, and very ready to fieht upon any occa-
sion. Now, when the fireeks had the worst in
this aedition, and s.1w that they had but one way
of recovering their; former. unlliority, and that
was, if they could prevent the agreement Ije-
Iwcen. the Jews and the Syrians, they every one
discoursed with such of the Syrions na "were
formerly their nc(|uaiiitai(te, and promised they '
would be at peace and friendship with thenl. Ac-
cordingly, they gladly agreed ao to do; "and
when Ihia was done by the lu-in^pal men of both
nations, they soon agreed to a reconciliation,
and when they were ao agreed, they both knew
that the great dcaign of auch Uieir union would .
be their cofnmon hatred to the Jewa. Accord-
ingly, they, fell upon ihem, and alow about fitty >
thousand of them ; nav, the Jewa were all <le-
atrpyed. excepting a Jew who eacaped, by the "
compassion which their friends or neighlwrs af-
forded them, in ord«r to let them dy away.
apito aftalnattlie Chrisiinna, the Tnrka will not siifTer
them to hire hnrsea, lail nssrs only.wlien tliey go abroail
to act t1;c country, aa .Mr. .Mauiidrell assures us, p. i-^V. '
» U «
380
ANTIQUITIES OF TUB JRW8.
Th«M rtUrtd lo Cltiiphon, * nncian eily, ind
•IIimU n«ir to Sclriirla, nrh*r« (hr kiii^ [uf Par-
thin] li»« in wlntrr i>»cry jreir, miil whir* the
5rt*tr>t u«rl of hi* richft iir« ri'potileil, but th«
rwi hml hem n» ctrlnin Htllriiinnl, thou of
Sriruiiu hiving little <-onr«rn for tho kin|;'< ho-
nor. Now the wholo nation of the Jrwi wrre
in frir both of thi< Unh^loninn* enil gf the He-
l«H«t*iit, beeftute all Wk Syriam (bat liveil, is
/ nnni<
thoM pliwrt agrrcil with the SeleucianI in tlia
wiir nguin't thi- Jew*: to the inoiil uf thrui (a-
tlwrriT ihrin^rUet tiigrtber, iiiiil went tu Nerrila
mill iN iiibtii, Nnil ohtitincil lecurity there b^ the
•trenKth of IhuM ritici; betidet which their in-
hnliitiint', w.ho ivrrc a ifrrit mnny, were all war-
'ike man. Ami tlii* wut the ttate of the Jewi at
tltie time in liHbylonia.
BOOK XIX.
CONTAINING TIIK rNTEHVAI- Or THREE VEABB AND A HALF.-FROM THE DePAETURB '
tip TUB JEWB OI'T OF BABVLON, TO PADCH. Till! ROMAN PROCURATOR.
CHAP. 1. i
Hovi Cniui wa* f lat'n hy t'htria.*
\ I. Now thii Calmf jdiil not ilcnioinlrate hi*
iiiiulncl* ill offiring iiijurie* only to the Jew* at
Jeruimlcni, ot to thnxi that (hrcit in the iiiij^h-
borhowl, but iuflcrvtl it H txtonil itielf throiif^
ull the earth and tea, ao far hi tVa* in tubjertioh
tu tilt: Romana, and filled it with tt'n thouiand
iui*vhirf», to niiiny indeed in number a* nn for-
niir lii»tory relntca. liut Route ittelf frit Ihii
mo*l diiinal cITect* of what ho did, while he
ileeincd that not to be any way jiiore lionornlilu
than the reit of the citiea i but he pullrd and haul- |
ed It* other ciliient, but ripecially the •cnnle, |
and porticulariy the nobility, and iuch hi hud
been dignified by illuatrloua ancolort; he idsolmd
_ten thuuaand di.viftta iinainjt »uch of, lh» equn-
'triaii order, ai it wa» ktyled, who were VHti'tnied
by the citizeiia equal ii'i dignity and wealth with
the (enaton, becauie out of tneiu the aeuatoril
were thcniaelvea cboaen; theae he treBte<l after
an ignoininioua manner, and removed them out of
hi* way, while they were *t once alain, and their
wealth plundered ; and becauie he ilew men gene-
rally in order to leizc on their riche«. He nlao
aaaerted hii own ilivinity, and inaiited on greater
honor* to be puid him byhiiiubjeda, thannre
due to mankind. Ho alio frcnuented that teiii-
ple of Jupiter which they atvic the Capitol, which
It with them the moat holv of all temples, and
had boldneai enough to call hiniaelf the brother
of Jupiter. And other pranki he did like a mad-
man; al when he laid a bridgp rroin the city of
Ui^earchia, which belongs to Campania, to Mi-
iienum, another city upon the aeaaide, from one
Jjromontory to another, of the length of thirty fur-
tongi, a* meaaured over the lea. And /this wai
dune because he esteemed it to baa mofit teilioua
thing to ,r6w over it in a imall ibip, and thought
withal, that it became biiii to make that bridge,
since he was lord of the lea, and might oblige it
to rive marks of obedience ai well as the earth;
so'Ke enclosed the who'e bay within his bridge,
and drove his chariot over it, and tliought that,
as he wai a god, it waa fit for him to travel over
luch roads as this wo*. Nor did he abstain from
the plunder of any of the Grecian temples, and
gave order that all the engraving* and sculp-
tures, Bnd.'liie rest of the ofnamcnta of the sta-
tues and donations therein dedicated, should be
brought to hihi, saying, that " the best things
ought to be set nowhere but in the best place, and
that the city of Rome waa that best place." He
alio adorned his own bouse and hi* gaijiena tvtth
the curiosities brought from those temples, toge-
tlier with the houses he lay at when he travelled
«ll over Italy; wbeiice he did notacriiple to give
■ a command, that (he atatue of Jupi(er Olympius,
* tii thia and the thre« neiteha|itera,wc.have, I think,
n larger and more distinct accouiit of (be alauthter of
Catus. and the aurcemlon of Claudius, than we have of
any such ancient fart* whalaoever elsewhere. Rome of
llin occusionaof which probably were, Joaepliua^s bitter
hatred nitainat tyranny, and the pleasure he took in niv-
lof tlic history of the slansliler of aucti a larliaroua ty-
rant ac "vaa tliia Cuiua Caligula, aa alao tlic deliverance
so called because he wna honored at the Olym-
pian games by the (Ireekt, which waa the work
of Phidiaa the Athenian, ahouhl be brought lOy
Rome. Vet ilid nut he compaao hi* end, brcHuae '
the arrhilcrts tiil'l Menmiiiia Rcguliis. wlio waa
commandeil to riiiiuve that ataluu of Juiiittr,
that the workmanship was aucli aa woulil Ijc
spoiled, aud would not bear the removal, tt wi«
aliorepurted that AUnimiiMtboth on that account,
and on account of some such iiilghty nrodigira
as are of aivim^rediblv nature, put olfliie taking
it down, and wrute to Cains those ai:counH, ns
his niKilogy for liot having done what his epiitle
ri'(|uired of hliii; and that when he was thence
iu danger of perishing, ho was saved by Caiui
being dead hiiiiself, be lure he had put him to deith.
2. Nny,Caiiia's mailness cuiiie to this height,
that when he had a daughter born, he carrie<l
fiei' Into the Capitol, and put h(;r iipon the knee
of the atatue, and said, "tliat (he chihl was com-
mon to him and to Jupiter, ami determined
that she bad two fathers, but which pf these fa-
thera waa the greuteiit, he left undetermined;"
and yet maiikind bore with him in such his pranks.
Hd also gave leave to slaves to accuse their mas-
ters of any crime* whntaoever they pleased; for
ell such accusations were terrible, because they
were in great part made to please him, and Hi
hia suggestion, insomuch that Pollux, Claudiiis'i
slave, iiiid the boldness to lay au iicruaation against
Claudius liimself, nnd Cuius was not asbamied to be
present at hia trial of life and deuth, to hear that
trial of his own uncle, in hopes of being able to
take him olT, although he did not succeed to his
mind. Kut when be had filled the whole habita-
ble world, which be governed, with false accusa-
tions and miserici, and had occasioned the great-
est insults of slaves against their imastera, who,
indeed. In a great measure ruled theiil, there
were many secret plots now laid against liiiit,
some In anger, And in order for men to revenge
themselves, on account of the miserieathey b>ld
already undergone from him ; and others mad;
atteuipta upon him, in order to take him oil, be-
fore tnev should fall into such great miseries;
while his deaih came vitv fortunately fur the
preservation of the laws of all men, and had a great
influence upon (he public welfare; and this hap-
pened most happily^ for our nation iii particular,
which had almost utterly perished if he had not
been suddenly slain. And I confess I have a mind
to give a ftill account of thia matter, particularly
becauW it willatTord great assurance of the pow-
er of God, and great comfort to those that are
under afflictions, and wise caution to those who
think their happineii will never end, nor bniitt
them at length to the most lasting iniser^s, il
they do iiot conduct their lives by the principles
of virtue.
hi* own nation had by that alauxhter,of which he apeak*
aeei. 2, tojtcther with tlie great intimacy he had with
AKrippa Junior, whose father waa deeply concerned la
tlie Hdvaiircinent of Clandlua, upon the death of Caliia;
from which Aerlppa junior, Joaephua might be fully la-
Ibrmed of thialilBtory.
t Called CaOf »la by the Komani. ;
■"€.'
■■■''* ■
I 8«l«uci«ni in th«
inoiil of Ihrin (t-
ml wriit (u iNarrils
Mtily lh<ir« bf lh«
(let which their in-
inny, wen nil wiir-
lUil* of Ibt Jiwi *t
rilG DePAETURB'
:URATOR.
iiiorcd (t the 01) in-
vhich wai the worli
oiilil be broUKht to ^
iiiiiH hi* end, brCHiiK '
K«Kiilii«. wfio wii*
■tnliiu ot Juiiittfi
•uch Bi woulil Ijc
ih« reiiiovtl. tt WM
)oth on that aci'ouni,
:h iiiiKhtr nrndiKir*
I', put on (lie tailing
I lliuM nccountt, hi
line what hit epiitlc
ivh<'ii he wna thence
vnii riiTed i>y Ciiiui
had piithimtodeAth.
^Hiiiu to this h(:i|i^ht,
er liorn, he c«frie<l
I h|;r lipon the knee
t (he child WAii com-
er, anil detvriniDed
It which pf theie fa-
left undetermined;"
m in nach hi* pranka.
to arcute their mat-
er they pleated; for
rrible, became they
I please hiui, and al
It Pollux, Claudiiit'i
an iicrutation n|;ainsi
ran not ai)haiiiiii(i to be
I death, to hear that
pes of being able to
(I not tucceed to hit
led the whole habita-
id, with false accuaa-
jccationed the great-
thelr iniastera, who,
a ruled theiil, there
iw laid against hiiit,
r for men to revenge
ie iiiiseriea they had
u; and others mad;
to take him oil', he-
such great miseries;
' fortunately fur the
men, and had a great
elfare; and this hap-
nation in particular,
irished if he had not
confess I have a mind
matter, particularly
ssurance of the pow-
)rt to those that are
aution to those wliu
lever end, nor briiiin
It lasting iniser^s, il
ivet by the principlci
;hter,of which h« speaks
t intimacy lie had with
raa deeply concerned ia
ipon the death orCaluK
sepbui might be fully la-
BOOK XIX. CHAP. I.
381
3. Now thcra war* Ihraa savaral eoM|)iraciM
made, io order to laks off Calut, and each of
thrar Ihre* was conducted by tirrllent iwnotai.
Kmilius Krgulus, born at ('orduba, 10 Spain, got
some men tcigillier, and was desirous to take
t.'aiuB oil either by them, or by himself. Another
roiispiracy Ihrre was laid by th*iii, under the
Conduct of C'hrrta Casaiui, the Iribuua [of the
IVtrtinian baiidil Miiiuiiauut Anaiut wa* also
one of great louai i(u<'uci' aniuug those that were
prepared to opiio>« liis lyraniiy. Aow the t<n«-
ral ucrattoni oi tliesu men's hatred and conspi-
racy a|[aiiitt Cams were these i K«|ului ha<l in-
digoatiun and hatred against all injustice, fur he
had a mind naturally angry, and bold, and free,
which made him nut cunieal hit count) It: su he
cumniunicated llielu to iiian^ of his fricudi. and
to others, who seemed to hiui persons of activity
and vigor; Minuciauus entered into this conspi-
racy, because uf the injustice done to hipidua,
his pnrtii'al;>r friend, and one ef the best en
thought it a deed worthy of a'freu ingeuuuui mau
to kill (.'aiu4, and was ashamed of the reproai;if(^
he lay under from Cuius, as thou^li lii^ Vvere a
coward ; as alto because he was hiiiiself in daii-
Kir every day from hit friendship with hiiiti and
e ubiervaiice he paid him. These men propo-
sed this alleiiipt to all the rest that wcr*^ coh-
ccnied, who taw the. injuries that won^ ulTered
them, and were deiiruus that Caius't slauj^liler
might succeed by their mutual attistaiicii ol one
aDother, that they miglit themselves eicu|>e
being killed by the removal of Caius; that per-
haps they thouhl gam their point, and that it
would be a hapiiy thing if they should (jam it; to
approve themselves to so many excellent iiersons
at earnestly wislied to be partakers with iheiu
in their design, for the delivery of the city anil
of the governnienl, even at the haiard of their
own lives. Hut still C'hi ri ii was the most zealous
of them all, butli out of u deairv of getting hiiii-
telf the greatest name, and also by reason of his
keccss to Caius'* presence with less danger, be-
cause lut was tribune, and could therilore the
more easily kill him.
4. JVoW at tills time canie on tiw. borte-races
[CIrcenaian games,] the view of which games
waa eagerly desirtd by the people of Rome, fur
they coiiie willi greiit idacrity into ihu hippo-
drome [circusj ut such times, and petition their
oiuperors, in gi'e;it multiliidis, for wliat tliey
stand i« need of; who usually did not think fit |o
deny them tlieir reijmsts, but Tendily and grate-
folly granted them. Accordingly tliey uiost iiii-
purtuiiately desired, that Cniut would now ease
iheui in tVir tribules, luid abate somewhat of
the rigor of the luxes imposed upon theiii ; but
he would nut hear theirpetiiion; iiiid, wheii'tlieir
clamors inciea.ed, he tent Suhtiers, some one
way, and some another, and gave order that tlivy
ibuuld lay hold on those that made the clamors,
and, without any Inore ado, bring them out, and
put them to death. These were Caius's lom-
juauds, and tliose who were conimaniled execu-
ted the. sanie ; and the nuiubier of tliose who were
slain on this occasion was very great. Now the
people saw this, and bore it so far, thafthey left
off clamoring, because tlicy saw with their own
eyes, t|iat this petM^bii to be relieved, as to the
payment of their money, brought immediate
death upon them. These things made Cherea
more resolute to go ort with hit plot, in order to
Kit an end lu this barbarity of Caius against men.
« then, at several times, tliought to fall upon
Caius even as he was feasting; yet did h$ re-
strain himself by aonic considerations; not that
he had any dduUt-^i^n him about killing him, but
Ha watching for a propericuaon, that the attempt
might not be fruatrated, but tUkt he iui|:hl (ivo
tbk blow so as might certainly gii.n his purpose.
5. (Jherra had iHteii ill the anil) a long tima,
yet was he nut phattd with convening so much
with Caiut. Hut Chius haii sent bun l» rm|Hire
the tributes, and I'llhir dues, whi< li, whin nfl
paid in due lime, were liirfeiird to ( letar'a trea-
aury; anil he had made r drtays in rrquiriaf
thcBI, because lhi»« Intnlens hail brrn dnableOt
and had rallier ludulged his own mild dis|KMi>
tiou, than p< rlnrmrd Caius's cunimaiid; n<), in*
deed, he provoked Caiut to anger by hit sparing
airn, and pit) iug the hard fortunea of those from
whom he demaiuled the taxes, and Cams up-
braided him with his tlnth and cll'i;uuuacy In
being to long aliuut cnlleciing the taxe*. And
indeed he did not nuly allront him in other ra-
luects, but when he gate him the Watchword of
the day, to whom it was to be given b^ his place,
he gave him feminiDe Words, and tliosu of a na-
ture very repmachlul; am! Ihi^sr watchwords ha
gave out. as having been initiated in the secriita
of certain mysteries, which he had lieiln himself
the author of. IVow, although Id^ had soinrliinea
put Ol) women't clothia, ami had been wrapt in
'tome embroidered gnrnients to them beUmginf,
and done if great many other things, in order to
make the company luisluke him fur a wnmau;
yet did ho. by way of riprouch, fMi'i't the liku
womanish beliaviur to Clierea. lUltvlun (.'he-
rea received the wutchwiinl'from him, he had
indignation at it, but had greater inilignalioii at
the uelivvry of it to otheiii. as being laiii;lied at by
thbifc that received it; insumuih Oiat his fellow-
tribunca wade him the subject of their drollery ;
tor they Would foretell that he would bring them
some of hia usual wntchwiinla when he waa
about to take the watchword from Cu'sar, ami
would thereby make hiiii radiculous; on which
accounta he took the courage of aa«uiiiihg rer-
taiu piirtnera to him, as having Just reasons for
his indignuti6n against Cains. Now there waa -
one ,l'oiii|)edius, a senator, and one wlio had
f;«fie through alinoil all posts in the government,
lut otherwise an epicurean, and foi* that rcatuu
lovitl to leailap inactive life. Now 'I' iiniiliut, an
enemy of his, had informed Caius that he had
used indecent reproaches against him, and he
made use of Quintilin,1|i'or a witness to tliein; ■
wuiUHii she wai, much beloved bv many that fre-
iiuenled tlie tlieatre, alid particularly hy I'onipe-
dius, on account of her great beauty. Now thii
woman thought it a horrible tiling to atlcst to an
aixusution that touched tlie lili of her lover,
which was also a lie. Timldim, liowin r, wanted
to have her briugh.t to the torture. Cuius wai
irritated at this rejiruach upon Jiiiii, and com-
mandeil Cherea, without any delay, to torture.
Quintilia, as he used to ein|iIoy Cherea in such
bloody uiutters, and tln>>e that ri ipiireil the tor-
ture, because lie thought he would tlo it the iuoro
barbarously, in ordir tonvoid tlial nn|iutution of
ed'euiinacy wliicli he had laid iipoii him. Jiut
Quintiliu, wlini she was brought to the rack,
trod upoii the fout of one of her associates, and
let him know, tliut he might be of good courage,
and iiut be afiuiil of the i:oiisri|uence of her tor-
tures; for that slie noiild liinr t|iein with magna-
nimity. Cherea loi'tured this woman after a
cruel manner: unwillliigly indeed, but because
he could not help it. lie then brought her, with-
oi^t bein|; in the least moved at what she bad
suffered, into the presence of Caius, and that in
such a state, as was sad to behold; and Caiuf,
being somewhat atfected with the aight of Quin-
tilia, who had her body niiserably disordered by
the pains she had undergone, freedboth her and
Pomjiedius of the crinii: luid to their charge. He
also l^ave hiy money to make her an hoiiocaldc
amends, and comfort lier for that maiming of her
body whicli ^he had sutlvred ; iliid for her glori
,ous |4tienCL' mider surli unsuH'erahle toriueiitt.
?>• ./
\
■:•■>'■.*■
i'*^
'*" ANTIQUn'l>:« OK TIIK JKWa
. /
88a **
6. ThI* iiiatlcr lornly ((ritvail Chrriiii, lu hav-
ing barn tlin caui*, aa I'nr aa h« cmilil, nr lh« In-
alrumanl. ul Ihot* inUaric* to man, whiith Kirni-
*(l wurthjr n( roniulaliifn In Caiui hii|i'«'l/i on
which iircuiint he mIi< to Clrni«;Br;nnil to l'a|ii-
Uiuii (olwhoni (.'lanxnt wua gvuvnilor lh« army,
■ml I'a^iniua wilt a Iriliunr,) " To bt^ •iirr,<,'lr-
lurnl, WI1 haw iioMay iMilril in our giianliiig Iha
timpciur; lur at to Inotr (hnl havaioailc <:on«|ii-
racjca aga'inat hit Kovsrmiirnl, tuniii linva bft-n
aUin by uur c«ra aii<l paln», anil aonir hiivo brrn
b/ Ul (orturcil, anil llila tji turh a ilcxri r, Ihiit h«
balh hiiHsi It |iiliiil tlii'iii. Kow Ki'i'iil thin i»
■Mr tirlur in lubHiiltiiiK lo contliicl hia nrnilril"
'Jlnjiirilt ht'lil hit iwhci!, but •liowcil Iho •lliinie
be wua uniUr in ubcylnft ('uiut'ii orilrra, Ijilth by
' bix ryta anil hia lilualilnir riiuiiU nuiK'i', wbilr hi'
thiiuf(ht it by no uiiaiiii ri)(hl lo iiiru"! tin: iiiipr-
ror in oiirrM wonli, li»( ihi-iVo>vn*'>l< >y >Ii(HiIiI
b« i'ii<luMg;l:i<'il thiri'liv. l.iion Hliiih (.'liirri^.
took cuurugt', mill >|ioLi' lo him nhhniit ^inr pi'
tha ituiiKi'rp that tvtrr fit'l'oro liini, iHiiiiliaioiinia'd'
largrly ul the iiurii ciilaniitirii uiiik'r whii'h the
rity anil tlu^ k"**'"'"'*'"' th«n Inlinrcil, aiiil •niil,
*' Wi' iniiy mill I'll' iirrtinil in wiHitii, that Ciiiua
ii thv pt mun unto whom lhi> riiu>i< ol' liUi'li niiM'-
riiit ouifht to b<! iin|iut«(l; but, in tlii' opiniuii nl'
•ui:h B> uru iibh' ti> Julian iipriulilly, it in I, U4''l(.'-
nii lit, 1111(1 ttiin rupiniiiH, mill In liu'r iin tlftiu thy-
M'lr, uho brill); Ibtii! toiluria upon till' Kniiliiiio,
■mil upiiii ull^niaiikinil. It in nut ilniii' by our
'ii iiig rubiirviint ^o iho cnniniuHiU oi (,'iiiiii, but
il i» iluiie by vur own cuiiai nt; lor wlii'rtii* it in
in Our uunir to put iin I'liil t'l the lllu of thiii
man, who balh ao terriblv injuml thi' ('itizcna
nnti hia aubjrcta, wc iirc fiia |(UHril in iniaihiil'
unil his ckri'utiiinera inalt'iiil ot hia aoliliiia, anil
arc the inatruminta of hia cruflty. Wi.- biur the
weapons, not for our liberty,'' nut for the Ruuian
f;overAn>ent, but only for hii fSri'MrvHtroti, who
luth rnaliiveil both their boiriet unil their mimla;
uilii we are rviry iliiy (tollutiil with the blooil
that we tiled, ntiil the torniciita we iiilllit upon
othera; ■ml thia wp do, till aomelioily beroiiiea
Caiui'a inatrunieni in brin|;iiiK the like iiiii>eriea
upon ouraelvea. iVoit doea he thus employ ui,
becaine he hath ii kinilneia for ui, but nitlicr b«-
rnuie he hath n auapicion of us, UK aUu becautc
when abundance more have been killid, (for
Cdiut Will act no boundii to bin trrntli, since he
aiilia lo do all, not out of i'Ffi;nnl to juaticr, but lo
hit own nienaiirc,) wt thall nlio ouraelvea be ex-
posed to hia cruelty ; whi reus we ou);bt to be the
nieuna of conliriiiln); the aecurily anil liberty of
■11, and at the a:ime liniu to reaolvc to free our-
selvqa from diiiii'cts." ,
7. Hereupon (,'leiiient openly roiiimeiiilcdCbr-
rea'a intentioiiH; but bude hiiu " hold hit tongue;
for that in cafe liia worda alioulil get out amiin;r
Diany, nnd aiii'li thinj^s etioiild be Hprend nbrond
■•were lit to be concealed, the plot would riiuM!
to be (lifccovvred liefore it was executed, imd
they ahouhl be brought to puMiahment: but that
tbr^ should leave ull to futurity, and the hope
which then iifose, tha^ some Vortunute eveut
would come to thiir utsistiince: that, ns for liiiu-
■elf, hia age would not permit liini to make any
nttempt in tliat case. However, although jier-
• haps I couKI suggest what may be sai'tr than
what thou, Chereu, hnst contrived and said, yet
how ia it possible for niiy one to miggcst What is
more for thy -reputation!" So C'li'inent went his
way home, with deep rellections pnwhut he had
heard, nnU what he had himself said. Chcrea
was also under. a concern, and went quickly to
CorncHui Sabinus, who was himself one of the
tribunes, nnd whom he otherwise knew to be n
worthy man, anil n lov«r of liberty, nnd on that
■rcouht very uneasy at the preseiit management
of public nlfairs, he being desirous^o come im-
meiliately to the execution of what had been d6-
lerniiiicd, and tliioking it right for him to pro-
ready opened liis luiiid lo hini, hn
more riii'iiuraKid, nml drslrrd of ('liei
poaa it In lli« olhrr, and afraid Irat Cl*i^t«iiJI
should diariitrr thriit, nnd beaiilr* lookinK upon
iltlayl and puttings alf (o b* nril to daaistinf
from lh« riiterprife.
H. liut u* ull was nftrrvabl*! to Hahinua, who
had hiniaeif, *i|Uiillv with Chrrra, the aauie ilf-
iigii, but hail been silent for want of a iirraon In
wnnUi hn iniihl anfely inmniiinii'ale that iltainiti
so having now nii t with one, who not only nro-
iniard lo lonieal what he hejiril, but who had al-
waa niuv'b
erra, that no
delay iiiiklit be iiiaile thrrrin. Aciordingly tliry
went III ,\linuuuiiii», »li» waa aa virtuous a man,
and as li iitoii* lo do gliirinua actions aa Ihrni.
seUra, tnil suaittclrd by Calua on nrr*sion of
the alaiighler of l.epidua; for Miniicianua and
I.epidua were Intifiiute friends, and both III leiir
nf the ilaimerH that the) were under; for ( aiu"
was ti rnble to all the gr<'at men, as appeuriUK
really lo ml b mad part tnwanls eiirh ol them
in particular, and towards ullof IheininKeueral:
and Iheie nien wer<' nfrliid of one iHiiither, while
ihey were til uneasy nl the (mature of allair*',
but avoided to "dei'laVe their mind and tin ir hn-
trill agalnsO'alns to one another, out of fear of
the dangera Ihiy might be in tliefeby, ullhiMigb
they pi rci mil by other nieana their iiiutual hii-
trrd iit^aiiilil ( 'aiua, and on that ui'i'uiint w ere mil
uvi'i'ie to iiiiituat kindiiisH one towards another.
9. When .MiiiiH'jaiiiiB and t'hireii had met to-
f:e(her, nnd saliited one nniitlii r, (aa theV had
leen Uaid ill former conviraatioiia to give the
ilp|)er huiiil In MimirianuB, liiitli on nciiiiiiit nf his
eminent dignity', for he was the iiulile*! of nil the
cititeini, nnd highly cnmnieiidid by ull nX'U,
eanei'ially when he madi; speeches to them.)
iMinucianus began lirat, anil asked Chirea, what
was the Hati'tiword fir had nreived that Awy
from Oaius? for the allroiil wliiili wna olleri d
Cheria, in giving the wntrhwiiidi, wai faiiiiiii"
over the city. Ifiit Chiren miiile no ilela) . >o
long IIS to I'i'ply to that i|Hi'«lion, out of the ,i")
he lind thai .Miiiuciiiniia npuhl have s\k\\ roiili-
deiicc in him as to dimourae with him. " llul
do thou (»iiiil be) give jne the wnlchwoni of
Liberty, And 1 return thee my thanki, that thoU
hast so greatly encoumged me to exert inysilf
after nil e>.tniorilinary iiianner; nor iln I stand
in need of ninny words to encourage me, -im i
both IhoTi nnd I are of the same niiiid, nnd par-
takers of the same resoliitions, nnd this liifm-
we have confeTred together. I have iiideiil bill
line sword girt on, but this one will serve ii>< liiith>
C'ome on, therefore, let lis' set nbimt the uork.
l)o thou go lirsl, if thou hiixt a minil, and bid iiie
follow thee, or else I n ill go lir^t, and ihoit ihalf
assist me, nnd we wdl a^i^ist one another, »ii I
trust one Another. ]NrOr is lliere n iieii !i«ily for
even one sword to siirh iis have a mind di'<)insfd
to such works, by which mind the sworil^i«i « I'l
be successful. 1 am zc'iilrius aluiiit this ai-tion.
nor am I solicitous what I may myself underg'i:
for I am not nt leisure to consider the daiigeji
that miiy come upon myself, so deeply niu I trmi-
blcd at the slavery our once free country is iimv
uiider, and ntthe contenipt-fmst upon our exi'illi'iit
laws, and at the destrurtion which bangs over
all men by the menus of Cains. I wish llial I
iiuiy be judged by thee, and that thou mayc-t
esteem ine worlhy of credit in these iiiuller«.
seeing ive we. both of the same opinion, and
there is herein nodifl'erence between us."
10. When Miniicianua snwthe vehcniincy with
which Cherea delivered himiielf, he gliully em-
braced him, nnd encoumged him in his bold al-
tempt, commending him, and embracing him; so
he let him go with his good wishes; and sonic
■flirm, that he thereby conlirined Miniicianus in
the prosecution of what had been agreed among
theni; for, ns Cherea entered into the court, the
report runv, that a Voice cnnic from among tho
K '
%'-\
•■ .•
rrniil Irit Clfi^t«iiJI
•iilr* lutikinK upon
> nril to ilnMinf
W l)> Huhinu*, who
hrrm, thr miiiip ilf-
wlinl III H |irr«>n (ii
!iiijc«U' thNl lUmniti
who not only pro-
ril, liul who hiiii Hi-
hull, hn WHt niuv'h
il ol CUtrr; <h»t no
ArroriliiiKlji thry
• »» virliioiii » limn,
ui nrliuii* N» Ihriic
iliia on iH-r«>lon of
I'nr MiniK'ianua nml
■, Hnil liiilh III li'iir
r<- iindiTi lor ( uiun
I fiK'ii, »• np|ii'urini(
wnnlii fiirh vi tliiiii
of IhrininKi'mml:
oni: iHiothrr, uhilr
<• |)<>i>tiir>- of nrtiiir<',
r nilnil niiil thiir hn:
ilhrr, out of frur of
n th<-f< III, HllhiMiKfi
Ml thrir iiiutoiil hii-
lit ui'i'uiint Mi'rc iiol
III' lowiirili nnolhtr.
t'luri'ii hull in«l In-
illii r, (nil thiy hmi
•atioiiii to givi- till'
citli on nri omit nf hi*
hi' iiulili'«t of nil thfi
I'Milid liy nil iiK'U,
ipcrrhr* to thrni.)
■■kill Chirrn, wlinl
I nri'lvt^il thiit diiy
which wnit oll'criil
llwiiriU, ivii-i fiiiiioii-'
miiili' no ilria). >o
ion, out of thi' j")
hi hiive Mich ronli-
(' with him. " Dili
thi^ wnlchwonl of
my Ihnnki, (hnl thoU
nie lo ixirt iiiy«jf
iiTi nor ilii I pCniiil
•iicoiini({<i in«", »iiii I
»ni(! niiiiil, nml pur-
>n», nml thin liif m*
I hnv<' iiiili^iil hill
le will siTvi' lis liiilh>
M'l nbmit thi' uork.
a minil, hn'l liiil iiir
lir^t, nml thoo ihalf
tl one nnolhiT, nil I
tllcrr n ii<'i«'!i«ily for
n\ r n niinil di^iinw'!
ul Ihc sworil^iM* (■!
I aliont thin ni'tiun,
lay niyiK^lf nndf r^fi:
oiiBidck* till'- diiii^M'i
so deeply niu I tr»ii-
free country is iimv
«t upon Diir»iril)rnt
1 whii'li hnns;» ortr
litis. I wiili llial I
d Hint thou niayr-t
it in lhe«r iiintler*.
snnie opinion, nml
tirtwnen us."
the vrhenienry wilti
liielf, he phidl'y em-
him in his bidil nl-
riiihrai'ing him ; so
I nishrs; and sonic
riiicd Miniicianus in
been ncreed among
iiutrt the court, tho
inic from among th«
■rallitwla lif eneouragii him, whirh Imd* him
Aaith what he itiis athtut, and tali» ih« npiHirlu-
nilv that t'ruviili'iur ■llonlirdi iiihI that Lhrrca
■I ilrit susiMi Iril that •uiii* ixie of the cunspira-
tors had li<ilr*)*'d hiuii and he wa« CMUnhl. hut
al l«n)(lh pfri>iiird that it was by way of ai-
horlaUun. Whether soiueliody,* that was con-
•ChHK ef what h« wa« abiHti, kimfc ■ siftnal for
his rncoura|(rnient,'or whether it ware (lod him-
»eU who loolis upon the urlioiis of men, ihat an-
t'oiiraited hlin lo rit o» iNihlly in his iloiKn, Is
uiiierlain. i'h* iilol was now Coinniunicalcil lo
»)(■'<'■'■''*"*)'• *"■'■ "i"^ were all in llieir arinori
«uin« of tht« conspirulors beiiiir teiralors, and
soiuu of thii eipieairiiiii order, anil as inaiiy of the
■iiililiery as went ni.iiii! ncipiNluled wilh il, lor
lliere was not one ol llieni who would not reckon
It a |iurl of his happ'inens lo kill (.'aiiis, mid on
that Bci'uunI Ihey west all very leahius in the
• Ijjir, by whul means soever aliv o|in i iiuld cniiie
al It, that he mixlil not be liefiiiHlhaiid in these
virtuous dasiKiis, liut niii^hl he ready with nil his
alacrity ur power, both liy wonis and actions, to
coiuplvlo tills slauKhler of a tyrant. And Iw-
■ides Ihiise, Cullislus also, who was a freeil-man
nf C'aius, and was the only man that had arrived
at the |(reat«iit de;{r«ti <>( (Kiwer under him ; swU
fe power, inlleeil, us Was in a manner eipiikl lo
the power of the tyrant hiniself, by the dreail
that all nU'n hild of him, and by the ((real riches
he bad ucoiiind ; for he look bribes niosi plente-
uusly, and coiiMiiilted injuries without bounds,
■ml was mure exIravRKnnt in the us« of his pow-
<r iu unjust proceedings, than any other; he also
knew the disposiliuii of Caius lo be implacable,
and never to be turned from what h« had re-
solved on. He had wilhnf many other reason*
why he thought himself in duiiKer, nml the vast-'
oess of his wealth was not one of thi least of
them; on which account he privately iotirntialod
hiliuelf witli (.'laudius, and transferred his court-
ship to him, out of this hope, that in case, upon
the removal of Caiiis, the government should
come to hiiii, his interest in sucli chan|;i<< should
lay a foundation for hia preservin); his di);iiily
under him, since be laid in beforehand ■ stuck of
merits and did Cluiidiui kouiI ollices in his pro-
motion. Ileliad also the boldness lopreieml, that
he had been persuaded lo make away with (;lau>
dius, by iwisunin^ him, but had still invented ten
thousand excuses for delayinK Iu do it. Hut it
te'eins probable to nie, that Callistus only conn-
lerfeittd thin, in order to Ingratiate himself wilh
Claudius, for if Caius hud been in euriiesi re-
solved la take uA' Claudius, he would not have
Rdmilled of Cnllistus'a excuses, nor would ('al-
listus, if h<i had been enigiiied to do such an act
as was desired l>y Cuius, have put it oil', nor, if he
had disobeyed those injunctions of his master,
had he escaped immediate puniiihmenl: while
Claudius was preserved from the madness of
Caius by a certain Uivine Providence, and CJ»liis-
lus pretended to such a piece of merit as he no-
way deserved.
U. However, the execution of Cherea's de-
siijiis was put off from day to day, by the sloth
ofiiian^' tlierein concerned; for as to Cheren
hinisfll, he woulrl not willingly make any delay
in tint execution, thinking every tiine u lit lime
for it; for fre(|uent opportunities offel'ed them-
selves; us when Caius went up to the capifol to
sacrifice for his daughter, or when he stood upon
his royal palace and threw gold and silver pieces
of money among the people, he might be pushed
dQWMi headlong, because thb top of the palace,
that looks towanis the niarkel-place, was very
high; and also when he cclebnited the mys-
teries, which he Imd uppoiuled at that tinie; for
* Justaurh a vnfre, as this Is related lo he, came, and
that from nn unknown ori^iiiiil also, to Ihc famous Poly-
carp, as he was ^oilll! lo innriyrilom, biildinn him " play
the man;"U!i the church ofHrnyrna aiaurea ui In the
■ccoaqlaof lliat hi9marlyrddni,9ect.9,
. 60 .
ROOK xix.-t'iiAi>. t. am
h* waAthin nosiay sarludeil fniin Ih* petipl*.
but sulii'tluua lo do avery IhiMg rarelully and d
ciullv, mill was free from all suspicion that k%
should be (hen assaulted by any liiMly ; and •)•
though the gods should alhird hini no divina M»
sislanca to >nabt« him to take away bis lib , y«t
hail he strength himself sulltcienl to tMiMUb
Caius, even wUbiMrt atW'inl! thua «•• C-li era*
angry at his lalloW-culispirators, for fear Ihay
should stflli r a pro|>er iip|i<irtiiui(y to pass byi
and they were IheinseUea sensibU that he hall
just cause In ha angry at thciii, and Ihal hi*
eagerness was lor their advantage ; y«l did lliajr
desire he wouhl have a little longer |u(lieiic«,
Ifsl, uiHin any disappulnlmrnl thev uiiulil meat
With, tney should put the cily into ilisoriler. aad
an iiii|ui>ition shnnhl li« luiule altar the cuii<pi>
rary, and should render the courage ol Ihnsa
Ihat were to attack Caius without auccvss, whil*
ha would then secure himself mure can liilly
than ever against them; ttAl il would Iherelor* '
b« the best to set alHint the work when the shoWf
were anhibileil la the palace. These showa
were acted in hoiMr of lhat(^a>sarf who lirst of
all rhangad the papular government, and trans-
ferred it lo himself; gallrries being fixed befor*
the palace, where tlie llnniaiu Ihat wen- patri*
nans iMCanie s|iectatoni, logelherwilh Ihiin hil<
dren and tlM-ir wives, and C.^sar himself was to
be also a spec|alor; and they reckoned, anions
ihiiae many ten ihousan.is, who wouhl then Iw
crowded into a narrow compass, Ihey should have
a favorable op|Kirl unity)' to make their attempt
upon him ns he came in; because his Kuanli
that should proti'Ct biin. If any of them slmulil
have n mind to do it. Would not hare be able tu
give him any assistance.
Ii. Chert a consented to this delay, and when
the shows were exhibited, il Was resolved lo do
the work the Arst day. But fortune, which al-
l.iwed a farther delay to his slaughter, ws- too
hard for their foregouig n^iolutiodS, and, as thraa
days of the regular timet for these shows wer*
now over, Ihevliad much ado lo get the biitiiiesa
done on the last day. Then Cherew c died tha
conspiratora together, and ipakc thus to ihemt
" So much time passed away without cllect is •
reproach lo us, as delaying tu go through such •
virtuous design as we are engaged in; but mora
fatal will this delay prove, if we b« discovered,
and the design be frustrated; for Gains will then '
become mure cruel in his ui^uit proceedingi.*
Do not we- see how long we deprive all ou^
friends of their liberty, and give Caius leave
still to tyranniie oyer thi*nr/ while we ou<;ht to
have procured Ihiin security for the future, and
by laying a foundation for the happineta of olhera,
?;ain to ourselves grsat niluiirulion and honor
or all time to come." Mow while the conapi-
ralora had nothing lulernble lo say bv nay of
contradiction, and yi'l did not quile relish what
Ihey were doing, but stood silent and astonished,
he said farther, "O my brave coniradea! why do
we make such delayal , Uo not you aee Ihat Ihia
is the laat day of these shows, and that Cuius ia
■bout to go to aea'l for he is preparing to aai) to
Alexamlria in oirdcr tatee Kgypt. la it there-
fore for your honor to let a man go out of your
handt who ia a reproach to hiankind, and to per-
mit him to go after a poiiijioiia hianner, triumph-
ing both at land and sea? Shall not we be juslljr
ashamed of ourselves, if we give leave lo aonie
Kgyptian or other, who shall think' hia injuries
insuAerablu to freemen, to kill hiinT At for my-
telf, t will no longer bear yourslow proceeilings,
but will expose myself to the dangers of the eor
terprise this very day, and bear cheerfully whet-
soever shall be the consequence of the attempt ;
t here Joaephus suppoaca that it waa Annuatna, aiMl
not JuUus Ua'sar, whodrHt rliniigcd the Roman com-
monwealth into a aionnrrhy; Tor these sliowa were In
honor of Auguatui, aa we ahull learn in the nextaectlQa
butone
3N4
ANTIQIflTIRS or TIlK JBWH.
I \ iHil ihant uH
■ar M lh*m ha atar to (Taat, wll
aay l<iii|ir, /br, lo ■ wIm anil nii<r*(»iitM niaa,
Mrhal (an ba norr miwrabia than Ihal, arhlla I
•a aliva, any una «t«' ihouM kill <°aiu<, ami <la-
|iri*a nia iif ihr honor of •<> virdmin an arlKm."
ID. Whan (,'hrraa hail iiMiliaii lhit<, ha laal'
•uljF Hi iblHIl tht «*ark> ami iniuirad couraaa
into Iha raal in to nn arilJt it, anil thaV wara all
aafar lu fall lu it without ranhfrilnlajr. Mo hi
ra* at the imlara in iha imirninK, wll^ hj»a<|iia<'
trian awonl Kin on hiiiii for it aiat ih« rualoni
that Iha tribuna* ihoulil auk hirlha wairhworil
wHh Ihair iwonU on, ami thU was tha ilay nn
which ('haraa wat, Uy ruiloni. lo rtr.riii tha
wali'hwnnli ami Iha multlluJ* wara atrrailji
rniii)< lo Iha (lalac'a, to ha •nun rnouah for larinK
Ihn ihowi, aiiil Ihal in ureal rriiwili, anil una
luinulliioutly rruihini; aiiolhar, whila (.'aiu> was
(lajiKhlril with Ihia aa|[rrnau of Iha iiiultililila ;
for whlith rranon Ihara wat nn onlar olianrvai^tn
tha a««lin|( inrn, nor waa any prruliar (ilarn il|i-
|H>lnli'<l for ihii arnaliira, or for tha aiinralrian
ordari liul thry lat at raniloni, mm am) woiiiro
•'lo(alhar. ami Craa man warn miiail with Iha
•U«ai. 80 Caiua nania iiui in ■ aolrnin innnnar,
and ulTtrail aarriljra lu AugualuaCiriar, in whoaa
honor imiead thaae ahowa wcrr iiilahralvil.
Now it hapiianatl, upiin Iha (all n( a rirlain
prirat, Ihal Ilia rarnirnl of Aa|irrnRa, a tanalor,
waa Atlcd with Idood, whir.h niailn ('aiua laH^h,
■Ifhoui^h Ihia waa an avidrnt oiiirn lu Aa|*raiiaa,
for ha WRi alain at Ihc niiia lima with Cuiua.' It
li alan ralulail, Ihal Caiu« was thai day, i-unlfarv
to hia uaual cualom, lo vrry hIIuIiIk and ((uud-
. iiaturad in bia <:on«rraation, that ryrrv on<i of
Iboae Ihal wara |ir<iaanl wara aatonialird al it.
Aflar Iha aacriAra waa orar, Caiua bi'looli him-
(clf to arr thii ahowa, and tHl duwii for that pur-
|ioa«, na did alto Iha princifial of hia Iririida alt
■car him. Now tha (larla of th« Ihralrr wcra |o
faalancd togalher, at it o^d to ba arary year in
Iha niaiinxr fulldwingi it had two duon, Ihx una
door let lo the op«u air, the otiiar waa for ko'dk
into, or going out of the cloialrra, tluil Ihoia
within tha theatre ibighl not be tfarrcliy dia-
turbedj but out of one (pillary there waa an
inward patiage, parted into |iart|liona alao, which
led into aaolhiT galiiiry, lo give rooni l» the
conibalanta, and to Ihe niualnaiu, to go out at
ocraaion lervrd. Whrn the iiiullitude were irel
down, and Cherra with the other Iribuiiia wire
*el down alao, and the ri^hl cnriii-ruf lilt; thentru
w» allotted to Cmaar, one Valiniua, a ariiulor,
. comniahder of the pretorian band, ailied of L'lu-
viut, one that aat by bini, and waa of conaulur
dujnity alao, " Wbether he had lienril any thing
of Ihe news or Dol't" but took care that nobody
tbould hear what he aaid; and wlienCluviua re'
plied, that "he had heard rfo M.wt,j ''Know
then," aaid Vntiniut, "that the gmte of the
(laughter of tyraiila ia to be piayvd tbia day."
Uul Cluviua replied, "O brave cummde! hold
thy peace, left aome other of the Achuiana hear
thy lule." And at there wna abundance of au-
tumnal fruit thrown among the apeclatora, and a
great number of birda, that were of great value
to tuch aa poaacaaed Ihriii, 00 account of their
rarciitiaa, Ciiiua waa pleaaed with the birda fight-
inf; fur the fruita, and with the violence where-
with the ijwclaton aeited upon them; ond hero
lie perceived two prodigica tliat happened there;
for an actor avaa introduced, by wiionia leader of
robbcra waa crucified, and the panloiiiime brought
in a play called Cvniraa. wherein he liiinaelf waa
to be tluiii, aa well ua hia diiughler Myrrha, and
wherein a great deal of tictitiouf blood waa abed,
both about bini that wai crucified, niid niao about
Cyoiraa. It ia alio confeaaed, that Ihia waa the
aanie day wherein Pauaanlaa, n friend of Philip,
the ion of Ainyntaa, who was king of Macedonia,
slew him aa |h.c was entering into the theatre.
And DOW Caiua tu in doubt whether be would
tarry In tha aiHl of tha (hnwa, Iwranaa i| wtt til*
lad day, or Whalhrr ha ahoiild mil go Aral lo Iha
lialh, aad In dinnar, and than rvlurnanilaMdnwa
aa bafura Hereupon Mlnui'ianua, who ml o«t>r
(,'aiua. and waa afraid ihal ih* iipinirluuily ahnuld
Aid Iheni, gut up, brcaua* li* aaw that (.'hrm
waa alraaily (una nul, ami mailf haala nul. In
CnnArni Jiim in hia raavlutioni bail <!aiu(tiinh
hold of hia camianl. ia an obliging way, and aaid
III hini, ■■ oliraira Mian ! whither art lh»u go)n| I"
Whereu|iiin, out of rrvirrnra to (,'iriiir, aa it
afeiiied, ha Ml ilnwn again; but hia fanr iirt,
vailed liver him, and in a little lima he gni up
again, and than I'aiua did noway opp'iie hia
|iiin|( out, aa thinking that ha went vul lo per*
lorUi aiiine nKraailiea of nature. And Aaprrnna,
whn waa nun of Ihe ninfrderatea, jiaraiiiHU'il
I'aiua to go nut lo Iha bath, and In dinner, mid
then to coma in again, aa deairoua Ihal what had
been rraiilvfd on might ba bniMght tU a coni'lu-
aion imniailiali ly.
14. So I'hrrea'a aaaocialea placed ihrmailvr*
in order, aa Ihe lima would permit Iheiii, iind
the^ Ware obliged to lalmr hard, that I hi* plaia
which waa ajipninird thrni aliouki not he bit h^
them; but they liwi an iiiilignntinn at the t«il|.
ouanrta of the dvlaya, and lual What they warn
about ihoulil be put nil' any hinger, for it wna
already about the ninth* hour oT Ihe davi and
C'hereu, uiHin Calua'a tarrving ao long, had a
great mind In gn in, and fall ii^hiu him in hia acat,
although he forraaiv that Ihii rnuhj nnt lie dona
williout iiiuih binoilahed, both of the ai'iiiilori,
and of Ihoae of Ihe ruiiealriaii order thni wera
preaent; and although lie knew Ihia niuat happen,
yet hiid he a great mind to do ao, a« thinking ita
right thing In procure aerurity and freeiliiiii lo
all, al the expenae of auch aa uiight |M'riih at
tha aaiiie tune. And aa Ihry were ju»t going
bark into Ihe enlrnnce In Ihe theatre, wnni waa
lA'oUKht them that ('aiu* waa arlaen, whereby a
tumult waa made; hereupon the conapinitnra
Ihriiat away tha crilwd, under pretence <i. if
Caiua waa angry al them, but in reality aa lUai-
roua to have a <|uiiit plnCe, that ahouhl nave none
in it to defend him, while ihey act about ('aiui'a
ainiighter. JSow CInUdiua, hia uncle, waa (rune
out before, and Mnrcua Viniliui, hia aialer'a hui-
band, aa alao Valeriua of Aaia; whom, though
Ihey had had aurh a liiind lo put out of their
place*, the reverence to their dignity hindered
them an to do; then followed Caiua, with I'nulua
Arruntiua; and berauae Caiua waa now gotten
within the palace, be left theilirect ruud, along
which Ihoii! b'la aervania atoOd that were In wait-
inK, and liv which road C'laudiua hud gone out
before; Ciiiua turned uaidv into a private narrow
pkainge, in order lo go lo the place for .bathing,
«a alao in order to take a view of the boya that
cnme out of Aaia, who were aeat thence, partly
to aing hyniiia in Ihoae niyaterica which were
now celebmtcd, and partly todnnce in Ihe Pyrrhic
way of dancing upon the theatre*. So Cberea
met biin, and aaked him forihe watchword; upon
Caiua'a giving him one of hiaridiculoui worili,
be ininiediately reproached hini, and drew hia
aword, ami gave him a terrible atroke with it, yet
wa» not Ihia atroke inorlal. And although there
be thoio that aay, it waa ao contrived on purpoae
by Cbcren, llint Caiua ahould not bekilled at one
blow, but ahould be punialied more aevercly l)y a
multitude of wounda; yet does Ihia atory appear
to me incredible, becauae the fear men arc under
in auch actiona doe) not allow them to uae their
reaaon. And if Cherea waa of that mind, I «i-
leem him the grqateat of all foota, in picaaing
himaelf in hia apite againat Caiua, rather than
immediately procuring aafety to hiniaelf and to
hialcopfcderatca from Ihe danger! Ihey were in,
*Suetontua aaya, Caiua waa alain aliout Ihe aevanih
liour of the day; Joaepliua nliout lh« qiulli. Thaierlea
of the narration favoiaJoaeiihui.
.
i
Wiu \
il nol |u drill i<> Ih*
nturn •nil «M Hiiura
•niK, who ml <i«t>r
• <t|t|i«trluuiljr 4hnulfl
• (III* that (hrm
lltwtf katl* null lj>
an I btil I'niu* litnh
iiginK wnjr, Riul mhI
«r art lh»u K'>ln|f"
■'• 111 (,'ii'iiir, *• It
; liul hla hnr iir»>
lllii tun* h« gal gj>
nnwijr ii|i|i'»» till
h« Weill Till (•) |i<r<
r*. Ami Aaprrnnt,
ilrrilra, iiaraiiiiili^rt
, anil In iltimrr, iiiiil
iruua thai what hiwl
uiighl Ki « riiiii'lu'
plurril ihrnui'Uii
lirniiit thrill, iinil
aril, thai Ihf |>l«i'«
iiulil mil hr II It hj
:nnlinn al thr l«ill<
lat what Ihry war*
l<in|ti>r, liir It wn«
iir nf th« (lay I anil
IK ail liiiiK- ^"'1 *
]iiiii hliii III hia teat,
I roulil mil' III! iluna
Ih nf lh« •I'liiilitri,
III oriirr thiit wira
«r thill iiiunt hajipcn,
) 10, a« lhliikiii|[il«
ity and trri'iiiiiii to
a* uiiKlit priih k|
■y wcrr jiint KolnR
a Ihrairr, wiini w«t
« iriavii, whiTfltjr a
II tho con<|iinitiirii
ilrr prptcni'*' »• il'
: in rtalilr h> iIi*!-
■I ihiiultl nave none
ry Id about (.'alut'a
ia uncla, waa cuna
iui, hia tiatur'a »ui-
il«; whom, though
put out nf thrir
Ir illKiiily hinilercd
Caiul, with I'liulut
Ul »»• now gotten
Mlircrl roiiil, along
1 that wvrv In wait-
iitliun hiul gout! out
to a privatf narrow
I place fur.buthingi
w of till: boya that
acnt then«e, parity
lerici which were
Innccin the fyrrhin
entrtiK. Su Cherca
n watchword; U|ion
ia ridiculuua worili,
him, and drew hit
3 itrokc with it, yet
Vnil although there
>ntrivcd on iiurpoie
not bekilled at one
more severely by a
ei Ihia tlory appear
fear men arc under
n them to ute their
uf that mind, 1 «i-
I fuoli, in pleating
Caiui, rather than
t to hiiiMelf and to
ngrn they were in,
■ill about the aeventh
he i)luUi. The terlaa
D«X>K XIX.-CHAI*. I.
i1
• :
httn— iharn migkl naiiy ihlan •iill h>|)p«M •
(•It b*l|>iM (raiui'* ewap*, if he had nut alroail* i
f|l<en up In* |h'i<li Inr rertainly I'hrrra wiiuld I
iMir> rigard, nut «i nmi-h l>i thr punithinaht uf I
Calut, •• lu th« afllirlinii hiiiinlf ami hl> frlenda ]
were III, whIU II waa In hit |Hiw>r, artar (Hck I
aueiett. In k«*|i tdtnt, and lii •'■rniir Ih* wrath
u/ raiiM't drfaudrra, ami nol in irava li 1o un- j
rrrtaluly whrlhur he thuuld gain thr end haaiw
til at or mil, and after an unrratiinahia manner
In art at if h* had • miIimI In ruin hii|i«elf, ami |
lAt« the uppiirlunily that Uy hafura him i hut
•vary bodv may RUMt at he pl«a»t ■lioiil thii j
mailer, lluwrvrr, Caiut wat ilangorad with I
Iha |ialn Ihal Ihe lilnwgava hliii, fur lh« alrokanf i
Ih^ iwiird lalling in the miililla lirlww n Iha {
thoulilar and Iha iirrk, wat hiiidrred by the Ant
botir of the hrraat from pr<ire«iling any farther. .
Hot did he either rry uui, in ■iirh aatmiithMirnl |
Wat he, nor did he i >dl out fur an) of hit frieiiiUj I
whether il were thni he had no riiufidrnre in
Iham, or thai hit mind wat nihrrwite dit<lr<ler-
•d, bu4 he groaned vmler III* pain h« eiillurtd,
■ml preirnlly went forwaril and fled) when ('or-
naliut SaMniit, who w«t alremly |irriiared in
mind to lu <l<>, Ihriiil him down ii^hmi nit kner,
where many of llu ni iluiid round hIhiuI hliii, ami
•Iriii'k him wllh their iwimlt, and they cried out,
and eiiroiirngeil one another all at once to ttriku
him again; but all njtree that Aqiiila raeehlin the
(Iniihing ilnikr, which directly klllril him. Iliil
one niav juitly atcrilw Ihli act to Cherea; tor
•lUlougn many ronrurrrd in Ihe act iUetf, yrl
wat he the Aril contriver of it, and Utigan long
before all Ihe real to prepare lor It, and wat Iha
Aral man lhal bnlilly tpokr of il In Ihe real; anil
U|)on their ailniiaaioii of what he aiiid nliuut il,
h* gut Ihe tliaperard Conapiralora loKrthrr; he
prepared every thing after « priideul innnner,
and, by lu^getling good advice, ahowed hiuiielf
far luperior to the real, and niaile nliligini^
ipeechet to them, intniniuh that he even com-
palled them all to go on, who litliertvlHe hnil nut
courage enough for that iinrpnae; nnd tyhcn op-
porlunllv terved to uiie hlitivonl in hiinil, heap-
Seared Arnl of all remly an to do, unit giive the
rii blow in Ihtt viriuout iliiiighlfiT; he nla'u
brought Cniut entily into tJie piHvir of Ihe real,
and aliiioat killed hini hin^elf: iiuomnch Ihnt il
it bat juit to nttrihe all tliHt ihi' rril did, to ihn
ulvice. and bruvery, and lubun of the handi cf
Cherea.
IS. Thui did Caiut come In hit end, Hnd liiy
dtad, by the many wouiidt which hud been
given him. Now Cherrn, mid hia n|i»ociale^,
anon Cniut't ilaughter, taw Ihnt il waa imnoiai-
ble for them to aave thcmielvet, if they ihuuld
all go the aame way, partly on account of the
ailoniahinrni they were under: for it wna no
ODill danger thev had incurreil by killing an em-
peror, who waa honbred and loveil by the mad-'
neti of the people, etperiallr when the toldieri
were likely to make a bloody inquiry after hit
murderen. The pawaget alio were narrow
wherein the work wa'k done, which were alto
crowded with a great niullitude of Caiut'a at-
tendanla, anil of rach of the loldien at were of
Ihe emperor't guard that day: whence it wai
that they went by other wayt; and came to Ihe
houie of (Sermanicut, the father of Caiut, whom
Ibcy had now killed, (which houie adjoined to
the palace; for while the edi6ce Wat one, it waa
bnili in iu icMral parta by tboie particular pcr-
■oni who hkd been empcron, and thote part*
bore the namet of ihoae that built thein, or the
name of him who had begun to build any of itt
parta.) So they got away from Ihe iniuitt of the
multitude, nnd then were for the pretent out of
danger, that it, to long aa the mitfortune which
had overtaken Ihe emperor waa not known. The
Oermani were Ihe firtl that perceived that Caiut
was ilaio. The Genuani were Caiui'i guard,
•mi «arfi*il the noma of the nranlry wkaM* ik»f
ware choaen. aii'l rnni|Hited the Cellie liaiun.
Tha men of Ihul rounirr ar*-. naluralU |MifMI-
ale. which i« oiniHionly tha leinpar of tome alhar
of Ihe Itarltaniiia miHont alaii, •• m»l being i^ad
loconaider mu«h about what Ikiiy ilu; they fi«
nfrvhuti iHMllat, tad lull apin Ibair •nemiet\a«
•oon ■< ever they are •Hacked by thiio; ailil
which way tocvrr they go, they iierfonii fttk
etfiliiitt. When, Ihertfore, Ihete (krman gaard
umleraloiKl that Caiua waa alain, thr)i wrra ver,
•iirry for It, beciuite they did mil ate their rea-'
ton In judging about puMIr alTafrt, but ineaaur«il\
all by the ailiiintagit themielvaa recei««il, ('niua '
being beloved h\ ihrm, Iwcauie nf Ihe monev ha
vavr Ihein, by which he had pun hand Iheir
limliiett to him: to thay draw their twunit, ami
Sabinut led them on. II* wat oae nf Iha Iri-
bunet, not by the meant of the viriuout artlnua
of hit prO|rrniliirt, for hii hiul been a glailiator,
hut he linil ulillilned that pott in the army by hia
having a robiitl limly. No their (iermani march-
ed along tha houtea in cjuett of Cirtar'a murder-
era, ami rut Atprenaa to plecei, bacauie he waa
the A'tl man thev fell u|ion, and whole garmanl
il waa that Ihe blood of the tacrlAce alalned, at I
have aaid alread) , nnd which foretold that Ihir
hit meeting Ihe aidilien would Hotlir fur bit good.
Then did Norbanui meet them, who wa%iine uf
the principal nubilily of the city, and coulil ahow
nuiny gmrrala nf uniilea amouit hia anceatort
but they paid ho rexard to hii dignity; yet war
ha of inch great tirenglh, Ihnt he wretled Iha
•word of the Aral of thote that ataaulteil hlni nvt
of hit handa,and appeared plainly not to be will-
ing to die without a alriiirgle for nit life, milil lit
wat turrnumlMl by n fcreiit number of natiiilantt,
and died bv th^ multitude nf Ihn wuumlt whlcM
they gave liini. The IhirtI man wat Anieiut, ■
•enalnr, nnil a few othert with him. lie did l|nt'
meet with thete (ieriunni by chance, ua the rvil
did before, but came lo ahow'hia haired to Caiiili"
and lii'Canae he loved In lee ChIui lie ilriid willl
hit
fo
nf the tiiyir name with himitlf; ami, being not
>iiliarird with Ihiil. lie tent nut hit told lira, and
alew hitii: to he wni rome to ri-joicc at the aighl
of hioi. now he wnt lirnil. Ilut nt the bullae waa,
novr nil in a lu'mull, w|i< n he wut aiming lo hide
biiiiull', he eouhl not ea<:H|H- that-ni'iMirttlr aearrh
which the Cirriiinnt made, while they barlinroui-
ly ali'W Ihoae that were giiillv and Ihute that
were not guilty, and |liii H|unlly alao. And thui
were thiie [Ihree] |wri|int tliiin.
Its. Itui VI hen the rumor that Caiua w«a ilain
reached the thealrc, they were aaloniihed al it,
and ronid nol believe it: even tome ihiil enter-
tained hit (leitruclion with great pleiiture, and
were more deiirnut of itt happening than nliuoit
any other tatitfnction that could come tr> them,
were under tucb a feiir, that ihey could nol be-
lieve it. There were a>to thote who greatly dii.
truated it, became Ihey were unwilling that any
inch th'inr thould come to Cniut, nor could be-
lieve il, though it were ever to true, becauie ther
thought no man could poiiibly have to much
power at to kill Caiut. Th><te were the women,
and the chihiren, and tLp i>lavet,nnd loinu of the
loldiery. Thii hit ■'^■^d ti|ken hit pny, and
in a manner lyranniiK?ri7ith.-him, and had nbuaetl
the beat of hit citiient, in bring lubiervient to
hit uniuit coninianila, in order to gain honors
and advantaget to thcmielvet; but lor the wo-
men, and the yonlh, Ihey had been rnveiglcd .
with thowt. ami the riKhlingi of the g|:idiatoN,
and rcrlnin dialribuliont of ileih meul among
Ihcin, which Ihinga in pretence were dcaigned
for the pleating of tho multitude, but in reality
to taliate Ihe burbaroui cruiilty and madneat of
"-' n, 'The alavot alto were torry, becauie they
by Caiut allowed to accttie and to deiuiia
...... -■....•..,.., ,,, ■»*«•• BLrwi<ii-iiii«irtiaj III till niiri
hit own evra, iind toOl. n plraanre inthataighl;
for e^itiua had baiiiihed Anteiiia't father, who Wat
Caiiii,
were
-. V -'
ANTIUIIITIKM <)» TIIK JKWK
UMMr MMUM, tM tiMjr rAiiM iMt • rMvur** l«
kb utMaiir« whan lll<)r kul Mi^it»0)t ollViiiilcil
(••III, fur ha »■• fry i—f in l>«li«iiii( th«iii
■nliMl (hair iHMlan, atan whan lha)r aii u*«<l
lEtm hiaalt t awl, i( lluijr laniilil iliaptxar what
mnnar 'hair mMlan kail, that inl|hl aiMMi stHaia
boik rn^bwi ami lit iattjr, mt ikc nmwiiM al Ikclr
•rcuMtlnna, barauM ilia rananl u( ihaaa In-
fomiari •••• Iha alghlh pari of Ika rrlniiaar* lab-
llaara.a At la Iha nonlaa, allhoaih Iha rapuM
■npaamt rrailihia In Mima of Iham, allhar Im-
cauM Iha; kaai* of ika plot baAirahaml, or ha-
tail** Ihay wUkail II nilthi h« Iruai hiiaiaxr,
Ihav i-iini aalart nnlonlf Iha jolt Ihay hail al Iha
yalalKiii ol II, hul ibal lha)t hail haanliany Ihinf
•I all aliOHl tl. 'Ihaia laal ailail to uul of Iha
faar ihfy hail, thai if Iha ra|MiH prnirail faUa,
ikajr •hniilJ ha |>Hniaha<l, lor having •« amiii lat
Man know ihair niiniU. Hul llxiaa ihll knaw
('aliia <••• ilaail, hacauta Ihr; m»n parlnari oilh
Iha I tn'|iir»lort, Ihajr ronraalail all <lill mora
«Mltoiul)i, ■• mil kiiuwinic una aiiQlhar'i mlniUi
_, ■mi faarinK laal Ihay ihiiuMl t|i«*k nf it la aonia
of Ihota la whom iharonllniiahraaf ijprannjr wat
ailvanla|(aoiia I an<l. If l.'aiiit thnulil pro** lu h«
altrr, Ihar iiiighl ha in'ormrtl a|iilaal, anil nil-
nUhril. Ami anolhrr rrporl wml almiil, thai
although (^aiii) hail haan woiimlail imlaril, ytt
waa not ha ilaail, lull (lill allva, anil unilar Iha
pkyiirlana' haniU. Nor wat anjp on* lookail
upon h)r anolhrr aahllli/iil rnouKh lu ba IriiaUil,
aail lo whom any nnn woiilil ojirn hit nilml ; for
ha wat ailhrr a frianil la Caiiia, anil Iharrfora
aaiparlril In favor hit lyrannjr, or ha wat una
thai halait him, who Iharrfora iiii|[hl ba (iiaprrl.
ad In ilrtarTa Ina lata rmlil, Imc^um of bia ill-
wHI In him. Nay, ll waa aaiil by loma, (and Ihit
Indtcd It waa that ilrprivail iha nobility of lhair
hppra, and niada Ihrm aail,) that ('aiiia waa In a
Condilion lo ilrapiiv ihr ilaiigrra ha had bran in,
and look no nara of haalinx bit wound*, hul wat
gollan away Into Iha ninrkal-pUra, and, bloody
at ha w*f, waa m»kiii|r n harnnKU* lo Iha |i«o-
rila. Ami Ihata wara iJiv loiijiTlurail rrporla of
hoaa thai .war* ao linrraaonabla aa lo •'nilr««or
to raiaa luniullt, which Ihr^ lurned dtlfrrrnl
,«rayt, arcordinl; lo Iha dpinioni of Ihr hranrra.
Vat dill Ihry not Icara lhair aaaia, Air fi'ar of
bainf arcuard, if Ihay ahould go out bafur* Iht
ml; fur lh«y ihuuld not br •tiitrncrd arcordinp;
lo lh« rral Inlrnlioii wilb which Ihry wrni oul,
bl|t arconliiiK to Iha tuppoaala of |n« arruiara,
Mid of the jiiilKra.
IT. Hut now a mulliluila of Ormiana had aur-
munilrd Iha Ihraira, wilh their aworda drawn;
all lh« apvi'liitora looki'd lor nothing but drnth,
•nd at cvrry oii«'t*rominE in a frar triird U|Hin
tbam, at if Ihcy wcra lo Via rut in piarct iinnia-
diatclyi and in great diatraaa they wrra, at nri-
'thcr havinc rouraga rnniiKh logo Out of t|ia ihra-
Ira, nor baliavintr thrmarlvra anfa from dan^rra
if Ihay tarried Inrra. . And whan Iha (!«rniana
canie upon them, the cry waa ao grral, that Ihe
tkaalrc rang again with the entrealict of the.
ipcctatort to the ioldiert; pleading that they
ware entirely Ignorant of every thing that re-
lated to tuch teditioiii contrivance!, an* that if
there wrre any ledition riiliad, thrv knrw no
thint of it; Ihey therefore aegKcd .Ihat they
would apare Ihcni, and not puniah Ihoao thai had
not the Iraat hand'iil'tuch bold Crimea at belong-
ed to other pcnooi, white they neglected lo
•earch aftrr tuch ai had really done whalioever
it ba that halh been done. Thui did theie peo-
ple appeiil to (>o4i anil deplore their infelicity
with tnedding of teara, and beating their ficea,
■ad laid every thing Ihnt the moat imminent dan-
Jer, and the utmott concern for their livea, could
ictate to Ihein. Thit bioke tha fury of the tol-
dici^'and made them repent of what they mind-
* The rewarda propoaad by the Roman lawi In larorm-
•n were aomellmea an algblh pait of iba crlmlnara
ad lo Al to Ik* awatatofa, wMall woaM kava haan
Iha graalati Inalaiiia of i-mally And an il ap
|Mar*«l I'l a««it ihwaa f*»»i'*, Wkaa
OIK a Atail Iha h«a<la of lEiMo thai
i
I
■p
Ukail Ihay ka>l
wara alaln
llh Aanraaa* upon Iha allar) al whlrh atgkl
Iha iparlaiiivi war* Miraly aMirlad, Uilk upna
Ike trunati lr ratiua uf ika illgitUii of Iba uaraHM.
a»l out of a i-oniiiilaaralliia uf Ihalr aiinarlaga,
nay, indaad, Ihay wara almoal In at grral ilunr
rfar al Ika proaparl uf ih* ilangar Ibaiuw'loa
wara In, taalng II waa tlill umrruin Hhrihar , .
Ihay ahuuld aniiraly aarnp* Iha lika ealaniily I
Whanra II Wat, thai turh aa 4horoitgkly ami *
JHilly halad I'alHt, roiild yal noway riijuy lh«
plraturr ol hit daalh, bnaiiaa ihay wara th>iii
aaUaa in Jaopardy of (irriahlng logrlhar with
hiin, nor had lh*y hllharlo aiijr tnu aaiaraM*
of aurvliing,
IHr'i'hara waa al Ihia lima una Kuaritlua Af-
riiiiliua, a iiublii' iriar In Iha niarkal, eml lkara>
fora uf • alrung ami awlilila voira, who v(ad la
waallh with Ih* rii'haal uf Iha Hoinani. and wit
able lo du what ha (ilaatad In iha illy, both Ihta
and altarwanl. Thia man put hiiiiaalf into lh«
moal iniiurnful habit ha I'ouid, allhouwji h* had •
firraliT halrail aKaint|('aiut Ihan any una alaa;
iia fanr ami hiawit* Ifeiitrlvanrr lo gain hl» t«f».
Ij[ I^M«^_lllllJ^l^B ilo, anil prvviiilriroverhia pra-
lent |il»i»ailf*; to) hn niil iin tui'h a inournful
drraa aa ha wolihl ha'aVloMr hiid ha loil hia drar-
aal fririid in Iha world; ibi* tiian rania Into Ihr
Ihrairr, ami inforniril llii m orih* daalh of (.'aiui,
and by Ihia oiaani iiul an and lo that alata of i^-
noranc* Ih* man had barn in. Arrunliiia nlm
wrnt round alniiil Iha pillara, and rallad onl lo
Ih* lirrniana, it did Ih* lribuii«t wilh hlin, bid-
ding ihani put ui> th*ir iworda, and lalling thria
that ('aiua waa dead. Ami Ihia priKJamalion il
wal, iilalnly, ifhU'h aavrd Ihoae Ihut wrra ('ol:
lerira logrlhar in iha lhrulri>, and all Ilia ml
who any y»y mat Ih* (iiriiianii fcir, while Ihry
had hoiwa that CmIui had atill i|iiy braalh in hiai,!
Ihry alinlninrd froiUiiu aorl uf midbiaf; and aiirh
iin ubAiilanl kliidiirM Ihr^ alill had for CoiiK.
Ihut ihev would willingly hiiir iirrvanlrd Ihr
plot againal him, and nrururrd lija rM'ape frmi^
au aad a miafortune, at the rxpenia uf their own
livat. Iiul they now left olflh* warm iral Ihry
had to puniih hit enrniiri, now Ihay war* fullr
MlilA«*l that Caiui tvii dead, became il waa nun-
iu vain fur Ihriii In ahow thrlr tral and kindiirx
lu him, whrn ha llial ihuuld. reward thrln wn<
iwrithrd. 'I'hry ware iliu afraid that Ihay ihuuld
be niiniahrd lijr the atnalr, if ihay ahuuld gu on
in doing inch uijurira, Ihni i«, in rnae the nulhor
ily uf the aupri'mi^ giivi'rnur ahouM rfvirt 1^
them. And thuaal liHiglh a alup waiinil.lhiiiigh
nut vf ilhoiil dilQnulty, lu that ragi', which pnaaeai.
ed the (iermani on account of Caiui'i ilealh.
19. I4ut Chrrra wnt ao much afraid for Minli-
cianiii, leil he thould li|(hl U|M>n iha Oermana,
now they were in their Tury, that ha went lud
imike to every one of the loldirn, and pravrd
Ihrin lo take rare of hit preiervation, and ro'ailr ^ ,
hiniielf great inquiry about him, lait he iliouM. ' I §■(',
have licen ilain. And forCienient, he letMinu- j;
rianui go when he wiia brouKht lo him, and, wilh *'
iii«ny olhrr of the avnatora, airirmed the acliad
Wai right, ai\d ronimended the virtue of llioar
that contrived il, and had courage enough lo ii-
tCule it; and raid, that "tyninti do indeed pleaa*
theniarlvei, and look big fur a while, upon having
the power lo act unjualiy; but do not howevrrKo
happily oul of tli« world, bvrauie they arc haird
bv the viituous; end that f'niui, together with
all hii unhnupineii, wnt brroiiie ■ conapiraliir
againit hiniielf, before Iheie other men who at-
tacked him did lo; and by becumlng intolerable,
in letting aiide the wiae provialon Uia lawi had
made,, had taught hit denreat friendi lo treat hiin
looila, aa hare, «nd Mmeilmai a fourth part, •■ tptu-
btlm aawica ui, from Sualonioa, and Taellila.
r.
trh wniild hat* hHn
*ll| Awl in il »f
••, Mik«ii lh«; kail
Mm that norm thin
mt\ *i whii-h itiki
iMirUit, iHilb upM
nil. at tht ll«fnu|».
»' Ihair mkmiintt,
it In M gr>*l <lufir
lUngcr «k«niwl>«a
UIMorlalH *hrlk>r
lh« Ilk* «*l«Hilly
M 4hi>rMM||Nlf mill
>l n»i>«)r riijiiir ik«
« ihojr nivr* Ik'iii
bin| lofrlhar Milk
My iriM ■MHnMi
I on* I'lMriatui Ar-
markit, ami lh«rt>
••■)rr, whii «(a4 la
• Hoinan*, ami mm
I lh« ill;, both lh«a
ut hiiiiivlf mil) Ik*
I, allkiiii«|i h« kail ■
than aiijr una alt*;
nro III i|«in hi* mU-
nviiilrir liter hia |ir»'
III 4111'h a inouriiful
hail h* loll hi« ilrar-
uian •'■III* into thr
rili«il«alh od'aiu*.
I III that •lata of in-
in. Arrunliua hI*o
'1, anil rallail mil la '
uiiat wilh hiiii, lild-
l«, anil Ulling Ihiw
lhi< |inM,.laiiialiiMi jl
liiiMi Ikul wrr* col-
lri>, ami all llic rftl
>a»\, fcir, whtlx Ihry
II iMi^ bri-alli in Itiai.i
if iiil«i'bi«f ; and •urh
•lill hail for Cniii^
hill* |irr«anl<-<l Ihr
irrrl hit rai'apr frilly
ipvnaa iif Ihcir own
ihn warm teal Ihrj
nuw Ihay w«r« fully
, bcCBuac it wu uuiv
Ir tral anil klnilnr>«
^1 rrwani thflii wn<
Valil that th«<jr ahuulil
r lh«}> ahMiild Ku oft
«, in rnar llie aiilbiir-
of tlioiilil r^rirt i^
•lo|iwaijnil,lhiiiiKli
rari-, which poaarni'
>f Caiui'a ilralh.
ch afraid fur Minu-
u|H>n ihe Onrmaiu,
f, that h« MTrnl auii
oldirn, and prayed
wrvHli'in, aiiil iii'ailr _,
him, lait ha iliotttlL
Irnient, hn lal Minu- ^
(ht Id him, and, wilh "^
airirnied Ihe aclioA
the virtue of Ihuic
uragn enough lo ii-
inia do indeed plvaac
t while, upon having
It do not nowevrr kh
-auie they arc haird
'niiii, logether with
itroiiie a conapiralor
1 other men who at-
cromlnr intplarable.
viaion |Ji« laws had
1 friendi to treat bin
I fotinh part, m Spia-
i,>ndl'ulliM.
toon xjx^-otA^,, II.
f
^>^
a* aw aMMf i I n a n n w iflt tbal allkuniK la rnmnran
illaiiHira* in««> 1 >>M^ini(ura war* irim* ik«l aUw
(!aiiia, lot, Ikal la r«a|itr. h* li*a now daaijl aa
(Mriahini hf ki* «wn aalf
W Now by Ihl* tima Ik* pmipl* IM Ika thvatr*
••fa ariafn fruni ikair a*ala, aail ikuaa Ikal wara
VttblH iiMil* a tary f raal iliatiitlmm a , lk« raaa*
tl Wklrk w»a Ikia, Ikal Iha iiMilaLir* war* lifn
Maty la Relllai away. I b*r* waa al«» oaa Al-
«yaa, a pkyaMaa. wkn kiirrt*il away, aa if to
<tir« IkiM* Ikat war* wniiailad, ami awlar ikal
Bralaaia, ha a«iil Ihiia* thai war* wltk him In
nirb what Ikmga war* nai«aaary fcir Ik* kaalin|
•^ IhiM* woamlad paranaa, hut in raallly, lu vat
tkam r1*ar uf Ih* paratat ilani^ara Ikay war* la.
Now III* aanal*. ilHrian ibia Inlaraal, bail ai*l,
•ad Ih* (H>n|ila alan *M*iiibl*il |ii|a|kar la th*
arriMinniail furin, ami war* liolh rmployad In
warrblna altar Ik* mufilarar* 0/ ralu* Th*
peopla tll.l It vary taaloualv. hat Ik* a*nat* la
•npaaraact oaly j for Ikar* waa pr«a*«l Valeria*
vf Aaia, on* thai had baan riinauti Ibiamaa want
lo Iha paii|ila, aa l|^) wara ill iliaiinlar, ami tary
iinaaay that lhay rniiM nut iliaiiivar who ibry
war* thai Hiunlarad l^a *in|i*ruri ha waa than
i>«ra«alli aakad by lk<ui all. " who it waa thai hail
i|o|*« it 1" If* r*|ili*iT, ■• I wilh I bail hrrii tli*
man." Tli* riniaula* aUo piibliahail an nlli I
wharain lhay a< luanl ( 'aiua, ami K*lra iirilrr l«
Ika iMiipla than ai.l li>||rlb*/, ami In Ika aoUiara,
III fo biiiiia, ami gata' Ik* (laupl* hi>|ira of lb*
•balanianl of th* npnrfaainna they lay iindar;
and proiiiiaail Ihv a.ililiara, If ihry lay niiial aa
lhay iiat'il" In do, and woubl not go abroad lo do
mlai'bivf nnjuatl), timt ikay wHiild luatdw rr-
wania U|Min lliam ^ I'or there waa raaaim lo frar
lett th* ritv niiKhl aulTar harm bjr Ibur wihl and
un||ii«rrnabl<< hrhavlor, if they ahonld iinre ba-
take Ihi'iiiarUaa to apuil Ihe I'illtena, or plundar
the trniplra. Ami m«w ihn whole mullllMil* ol'
th* arnalora war* aaaemblrd Inrplhrr. and 1 aiM'-
rially Ihoat. that hail Ciuiapiri'iriii take away the
life of C'aiua, who put on al ihia lime an air of
great atauranre, anil R|ip>>areil wilh|mi| iiiaicna-
Mniily, aa if lli* ailiiiini«iratn>* of the pullii'
•tfairt war* already dvvolved upon Iheni.
CHAP. II.
Hmt Ikt Snuton JtUrmintd tn rilort tht Ptr
WUtney ; »«f ifAa rSofi/irrt irr r« /or yrturxittir
tkt Monarthy. t'oHttniug Iki Slau/fhlir if
Cmut* l»'(/i anil Dmurkltr. A Chanclir 1/
I I. WllKN Iha public afTaira were in thla poa-
lure, (^lauiliua waa on the audilin hurried away
out of hia hoiiaet for Ihe aolilirra bad a uireling
tOKelhrr, and whrii they had ilebiilnl nlwul what
waa to be done, Ihi-y aaw Ihnt a dimorracy wna
incapable of nianaKin((aurh a vaal wiigbt of pub-
lic aflalra.nnd that if it aliniild hr net up, il would
not be for Ihiir niltnnlagi' ; and if in rim- any one
of thoao already in lb* govrrnniriil ahould ob-
tain Ihe auprrme nower, it would in kll r<t|MTla
ba lo their grief, if Ihey were not ttaialing lo hini
in hia advanrenient: that il would then fore be
right for tliain, whiji' tin- public affaira Were un-
ai'llled, to ehooae ClaUiliua i'iH|ieror, who wai
uncle lo Ihe ilrrraacd Caiila, and of a auprrior
iiignilv and worth lo every one of thoae that were
naaeniUad together in the Mnat*. both on ac-
rount of the virtuea of hia anceftora, and of tha
learning he had acquired by hia education, awl
who, if once arttird in the enipiri', would reward '
them according to their deaerta, and beatow lar- I
gaaaea upon them. Theae were thi'ir conaulla- I
l4ona, and Ihey eiecuted the aame immediately.
Claudiua waa tharafore leiied upon aiiddenlr by
Mia ioldiery. But Cneaa Senliua Saturninua,
although he undrntood that Cliiudiua waa aeiied,
• Tbaae ronnla are named In the Waraofthe JeWa, h.
H, ch. II. aacl. I, Hentlua Salurnlnua, and romponlua Ba-
and Ikal h* taaawMI In rtalai Ika fxr'nUMat.
Mawilliagl|i laalaa.l in aiipaaraMta, hat In reality
by hia own Iraa funaanl. al.»»l ap la Ilia aaaata,
aad wlibiial haMg ilnmatad. and* an aakaft*.
Mfy iiraliiia In ikam, »pi\ a«#h a oaa laalaad ta
Mi* il fur iMaA u^ fhicitim aaJ gaacetia^a, a^
apnk* Ikua
t. ■■ Allk'Higk It b* a Iking ineradlM*. O R»-
aMaa, bacaaa* .</ |k* gr*al l«n|lh of Hum, tka«
aa aaat|i*<'l*<l an atani kaih kap|>aii*d, yet ara
w* miw in |Miaa*aaiiin of lih*rljr. Mow l««g l»-
dead Ibia will ta.1 i* HafarlaM, ami lie* al ikil
diamiaal of Ika |»<l«, Mhoa* grant II Ui )*| tiieli
It I* a* I* auAnanl to maka iM rajnwa, ami ha
happy for Iha praaanl. alihiMiih wa may a.i<iH b«
ila|i«ivad of Hi hit on* lioar U aaHklaallit Ikaa*
Ikal ar* eiarrlavd la virtaa, wkareia wa may
Ilia with a 1.11ml ari'iiualahlr In onraaltaa, la ouf
own rniinlry. now (raa. and loaariiril by aiwh
lawa a* Ihia lounlry iin<* itniirMhail umlir. .\a
for niyaalf. I ■ annul ramemlwr our Ikirmar lima
of bbarty. aa bainK luirn aflar it wa* gnnai h«|
I am beyond maaanra Alji i| wilh joy al Iha
Ikiiiighla iif nor pri aanl frerdnm I alaii mttttm
Ibnar that war* Iwirn and brad up In that our
loriiier liberty. h»|ipy ni<n, aiut ibal Ihn** men
nth worthy of nn liaa aalrrni Ih^n tha irod*
Ihamaaltaa, who have given aw • taat* nf II la
Ihia agei ami I krarlily wiib, thai Ihw ualal *«• '
jiiymaut of ii, which we K.iva al nrcaenl. might
lonllniir to all agea. Ilnwei ar, ll;ia aingi* day
may aulDce for our youlh, aa wall a* lor ua thai
arc In yean. Il wi|l laeni an age to our old
mm. If they mi«ht die during Ita happy ilnra-
liiin; it may aUo be f.r Iha Vnalrwlmli of Iha
younger aorl. what kiml nf virtue Ihiia* men,
from whoae loma wa are derived, wer* eirm-
**d in, Aa for ouraelvaa, our buainaaa la, during
thla ajinre of lime, to live vivliioualy, than which
nothing ran he mure to our ad«anlagat which
I'liiirai' nf virlui il la alnne ihat ran iireaetve nnr
lilnrit ; fur, aa lo our anclenl alale, I ha«a haani
nf il by the rrlalion of olbera, hut aa In our
li|i^r-«lale, during my lifatim*, I have known It
hv I <|ieritni'e, and I learned thereby what ml«>
ehlrfa ryriinniaa have brought u|Nin thlaciMiinina.
wrnllh, diariniraging all virtue, and depriving
(teraiina of iiiii|tn«nrniily nf Ihiir liberty, anil
jirnvingthetearhi'ra of Aaltery and alaviah fear,
h«j'iliii>''ti lai|vaa Ihe public adiiiinialralion not lo
be governed by wi*e law*, but by lh* humor of
Ihiiae that invern. For alnci! Juliua Creaar look
il mill hi« head lodiaaolte our deinncracy, iind
by ovrrliriiring thr regular ayaleni of nur lawa
to bring dianrdrra Into oar adminiatralion, and In
{[rt HiMive right and juaiice, and to b« a alavi- to
lia own inrlinnliuna, Ihire i* no hind of niiaen
IhiI what hiilh tiiuled to Ihe •nbveralon of thla
cily; while all thoae lhat have aucceeded him
have atriven nne wilh anollirr lo overthrow the
ancient law* nf their country, and have left it
diatilnte of amh citiiena a* wera of genefoua
prinriplea; becauae ibe^ Ihoughl 'it timleal tu
Ihrir anfrlv to have vicioua men to converaa
wilhttl; and not only In break the apirila ofthoaa
that were lieai eateeiiied for Ihrir virtue, but to
reaiilve upon their uller dealructipo. Of all
Hliiali enifiernra, who have been many in noul-
brr, and who laid U|ion'ua jniuirprable hardrhipa
Oiirinn; Ihi- llinea of their gnvrrnmrnl. thla Cai.
ua, who hath been alain to-day, hath broiirht
Mora, terrible calamiliea upon ua than did all tha
reat, not only by rxerciaing hia uhgovemablr ran
upon hit fellow i.ilitena, but alao upon hia kin>
dri-d and friend*, and alike upon all other, and hy
inflicting alill grrulcr miaerie* upon them, aa pu*
niihinenla, whirh they never dciarved, ha being
C(|ually furioua againat men aad tfainal tha
godi. For lyranla are not content lo gain their
•wecl pleaaurr, anil Ihia by acting fnjurinutif
cui|ilBB,a*flptnlielm notealiere. The apeerh of I he far-
mer of thiol la ael down In tha nail chatMrt a«;<!i. !<.
SI
u
ANTiairiTtiw w Tjiis-nrW*
MhI l« Dw MfilWM <lM|» hrtM iMIk xfMii «•*'•
M<«IM «HI^ itMtf •)••*> Hxl lKa( bwk HWlMI lk|«
lnWa ihatr avtusiiMi ••4i*hU|>. itlM* i^y 'an
«H««, •KiU all !.•••» iir litwtl* (ra |h« •!••«<•*
(lura ohal mUf rl«« iMir b»lit( Mt lh«m. »ln
nMM, aiot lt»» mafiMninNmalir thtf k««» iHifiia
Ikvir harrf r.i>lun««, Ihaf iiiMiiit hat Iw wiwttila
what full lh<|r hat* ihin*. ami lh«n>i> »nl|r <l«-
pvml on twHril)! (xint ohxl that an <»<)»• in«<
«/, tl 11 m»j ha in Ikur |fi>«*r In Uka ik^m M*'**
Ml III Ida wntbl. Mlw*. lk«a, ara ara n«w |iil'
|>a >l«4r »f (HI h (taal iiiiar<iriMM<, awl ara onlli
a^i iHiaUhla !<■ una •i»ilhr>. (whirh fufin nl |>i-
VarNmaiil aili»il« a* iha h««l axarwara »f Dur
■r««>Kl cniiUKril, •ml |i«imili*< u* iha lw«< MfU'
ril^ ^im aiil lUaiini, awl wtll lia iiwal f<ir iiiir
Mwn lil>»y In •allllnn lh« rilv in iixxl iir'lar.) ;<iu
■gwhl a<arr i>aa uf )>tM la |wrliriijkr In mad* iini'
^^BiH fur hi* own. and In |«naral, (or Ilia pnli.
^^•llilitiri or, itn Ilia miiilnify. Ih^y inaf ilrrlnra
Ihair itlMaal In •<« h lhiiia«l^«>a h«»N |ifii|ii»'
••il, aail lhl« wllh<ml.*j||Jillr<l or ilaHMar l»
tnnw U|HH) lllaHii tmiiJUpMmy haaa now no
loril tal iinvr tlimn, nho^Hhniil hnt of |iHni«h>
niani, roiilil ilo •■•■"t|^' *" |li«ij|il>. an<l li«<l an
i^n>;iiillriitUhla (Kiifrflo lak» flTlhoi* thai fr»*l)f
i|ai>.'Ura Ihatr ii|iiiiHina. Nor baa »»f lliinf lo
MMt'h t'onlrllralail In itii* Intraata n( Ijrrannir of
1*1* ataliilh. ami • linHiront foHiaaraa*'' of I'lii-
Irailii lin( th« •iniirriir'a Will j whiU ni>n hml aa
ut*r nrKl larliiialiim In Ih* •wtrliitaa of |iaH<'i<,
an<l hail hrarncil lo ll«a Ilka •lavr«i anil at many
of iH aa aiikar h«ar<l of latolt raItU raUniiiica
lh«l ha|ittanatt at a ilialanra fntiii iia, or anw llir
niiaarira that wara naar ua, oiil of Iha ■Ira'nil ol
ilfiuK nirtunnaly, amluroit a ilralh JoIimiI wilh
Iha iiliiioal infaiuv Wa oufhl, than, in |ha Aral
nl*>:«, loilvrri'a Ilia nrvnlaal luiAort w* itra alila
to ihina Ihal ha«a lulian oil iha lyrinl, ai|Mi.
cialljr luf'hafaafaaaiuai for Ihia nna man wilh
Iha aMltUnca nf Iha ai»la, balh lijr hi* ■'oiinaal.
ami bjr hia arliona. Ji<«il^|^ iiroftlrar of onr
lilwrljr. Nur oni;ht wi- llHVk<-l him now wa
harr raeorarad ^ur liliariy. who, iiniltr Ilia fwra-
gVHiK Ijrrannjr, liMik I'ounxl Iwfofviianil. ami liii'
forrhaiiil haianl«<i l|iiii<rll lor our IiIm rlira, linl
oUKhl lo ilfrraa him tiroiivr honor*, anil lli)<rat))r
frrrly tUrUra, thai ha friini llin lifKinninK aili'il
Willi nur a|iprolialioiv Ami if rtniiily il i<a wry
atcdlli-nl IhinK, anil what iH-riiniaa Irpvnirn. In
raqaila Ihrlr banafarlorai aa lUla inntl halh lirrn
litnirrarlnr In lit all, llioiiith ni>l al all likaOna-
tiil llrnlu^who ili'W Caliia Jiilln« fl.'waiir;)
I man paitl thx IniiiKlalioiia ol aadillon
«il war„iiroiir I III . Iiul lhl< iiluii. lotcrllirr
hli •laii|i(hl''r of iha lyraiil, liiitn art our
friin froiiMHE^<l>a •■'I niiatrttia whii'li aroia
fmni Iha lyMw^*
3. AmllhlT'wka Iha |iiir|i<irl of Sanliut'a ora-
tion, whii'h waa racaiml wilhiilniaiirn Ijy ihn
aanalon, and by aa many of Iha ri)itrtlrtan or<lrr
> aa wur* (iraaanl. Anil nowonr TrrlKilliua M«ki'
wua roia U|i haalily, anil look olT Hanliua'a llnK*r
■ rinK, which hail a tlonc, with lh« iniN|(a of
t'aiua mKravan ii|iim il, ami nihii'li, in hia tral
111 ajM-nlimK. ami hiai'uriii'aincaa in ilnliiK what Im
waa alioiil, aa it waa aitpiiuaail, ha hail forKottrn
lo laka olf himialf. Tola iculptura waa lirokan
imnicillalrly. Buli •• it waa now far in tha
niKht, ('haraa ilcniandril of Iha coiitiila Iha watch-
woTil, who para him lliia wiinl—l.ihrrly. Thna
lacU w«r« Iha aulijccta of ailiiiiralion to tlioiii-
a In Ihia orallM of Hantlua flalurninua, wa mar ana
Iha iraat valua *Maoua man init upon piihllc lllirr
If, and lliaaad mhary thay iimlorwani.wlillB ilicr wiir»
tfrannlxril (ivf*r hv aurhi*iii|H'ror«iiar(iliia. Hrr Ji>4i>
^ua*a own aliort mil plltiy rrflfirUviii at tlin mil of !lm
chaplar: "Hnillineull,"anvahR, "ilurortlioM-tooii'nln
Um vlf im Uul If Mccaaaiy lo a wla« uian, wliu Jiavo Hit
aaltaa, ami alnHM laaradlMai h* M A*« a kw«<
itrad yaaral aMaa |ka i l aw Mir ryy karl twan lahl
M4al», wh«a Ikta (Itlair Ika «*4»kwur>i raiaraml J>|
Ifiiha nHMttla, for. loMra th< dtf w«« **i*'m'gB^
Ml Itraata, tkay w«r« iha rommaml>>a "<m*Mg
— MUr» Will wluil <'>!««»* h*d »a»»l« | 4 l^l mU
walrkwnfii ka dallaarad u to Ikjua w"" '* '
Iha aawMa'a alala, which waraSifr
• h<i a«a««m«d ihn |o«arnHi«arwlt|
r<ira III h« |if«larahla o l)faMi|f
pa ilnd of »•«•
aa haaUii rvxioml ihair Itirntar 'laiNn
awaf with Ihair trilmnaa. ^JHia |i«il|if
dafMrlad t*f^ Joylul. IhTi 4r h
••«a
arary, aa>l wara an iMP' aiiatar aa am|iaf«i
aail t'karaa waa in nary |Faal aalaam with Ikam
4 Ami nnw C'h>ra4 waa rary anraay Ihni
('•lua'a danahl'r and ml* wara allll allt*. aad
Ihal a4l hia Mmi'v did mil pariah wilh him, aim a »
Whuaoarar wa* l«A nf Ihant maai Nfi^ f*f Iha
rain of Iha r||y and nf Iha laaM. M irititrr, li. .
■tnUr lo llniah Ihia maitar wilh ika mIiikkI <•*•,
ami in rird«r lo aaiial< hta hatrad of CaiHa, k«
tanl Jaliua l,H|nia, ona uf tha irilinaaa. In kill
Calaa'a wlff anil dauiihlar, Thfy nro)inaad Ihia
nlRra In l,w|>Ha, a* In « klnaniaif nf f'laiiMnI, Ikal
ha intuhl tia a>i far tt (Mrlakarnf Ihia mMrdrr of
Iha IrranI, awl niifhl njnli'* in Iha rlrliia iil
haiiiiK KoaMlid tilt IrlloW I'ililan*. and iImiI lia
iiiiillil a|i)ii'ir lo hut a liatn a |mrtiikar wilh Ihoa*
Ihal wrri' Itiil in Ihi iril»ai||iM ajtaiilal hint. \ti
did ihla anion n|iiNHr to anma ol Iha ronaiMfa-
lora In lia Ion rrnal, aa li iki* nainj aiir^aaaaritir
In a woman, hai'aiiaa I'liita did mora iaditlKii hii
n»n til naliirr, than iiaa hrr adiii'i In all ihiil hn
did, Ironi irlilrh III nnlura il wiia thul ilia iKr
wa* in aiirh n datparata HiimUltKn Wilh tha ihI« '
riaa Ihal wi'n< lirnnKhl oit il, ami Ilia llowi r of ilia
rily waa di-Mrntail. llul nthar* ai/'iiaad hir#
(iiInK hfr ninarnt lo lh*a« Ihliinai na), Ihry
aai'riliail all Ihal Caiua had don* lo hrr aa tha
rauaa of il, aiul aaid tha hail |ri«rn a |Hil)'in In
raiiia, wh|i'h liail iiiailr him oIiooiIom* lo hrr,
and had llyil hiiii down In lora hrr hy tiirh a>l,
niath<Hltj|l^aoi(Ui'h ihal ahi-, hnrinK randrraii
hiMi difl|Hk|^iKi l^^inii Iha nulhor nf nU Ihr
iiii«rh|aHH^^Hn||B|'rn Iha It'oiiniK, auiFlhal V
h*lMI|M^VH^HLiaiiil'jr<l.j|M||fc >>!''
ihnl^lB^^I^HMVrmiiiid l^|R^miiil
ilia i^^^^^^Mli^^P' tha l^onirary opinion al
nH |i^W^^Wian! hTr tarrd; nild Lupiia wii
arul iii'i'iirdinKly. Nor tvaaliii ft any ilrliiy iiihIk
in rkvrulihir wlial ha wrni alKiiit,lii|l ha wiiaaiili-
arrrlrnt In ilinar thiil ai^iil hint on iha llr«l ii|>|H>r-
tuniiy, aailraironalii liamiwav IdHiMrntilv in tah^l
miKhl 1^ iliiiia fur llit' ailvanlnK* of Iha |>rif|ilr
So tvhrn hi< wnii riiMia Inio llin iiulai'ti, ha I'liml
( Vaoiilii, nlio waa Ciijiia a wilV, IvliiK liy hi r lin"
liHiid'a ilriiil liiMit , wliii'h al'o liiy down on Ih*
froiiiiil, niti, dralihili' o^ all aiirii thiil^a aa Ihr
law alloira in Ilia ilrad, and all nirr hrraalf br-
tmrarad v^ilh llia Iddod o,' hir hiiahKlMr* woniiili,
mid hriviiliiiK Ilia rrriil nlHii'lilin (ha tvh* iimlrr,
hrr ilauKhlir lying ny hrr alan: and iiothiaK rlir
wa* lirard in thraa hrr lirruiiialnnri'*, but hrr
coniplnilil of Calua, na if ha had nul rfK""'*''
what aha hnil oflrn told hininf Itaforahaml; whh'l'
wnni* of hrr* wara lakan in atHlilTrrrnl iiiiia.
rvan at thut liinr, and ara n >w *t4i<»nird Fi|iitdly
nmliiKUoiit by Iboap Ihal hanr of Ihrni, ami nrr
«<ttt inlrrpri li'd nn ortlin|{ lo Ihr ilifTi'rriil im li-
nalioiitof iiriipla. Now anma luiil that tha wonli
danolcd, that aha had adviaad him lo leara olT hii
ndid hrhavior and hi* harliarou* rrually l>< iH*
cilltrna, and lo |i;oirarn thii iiublir wilh modi rs-
lion ami virliia, Irat ha ahiluld |i«r|ahby Iha lain*
way, upon Ihi'ir uiiiig him a* ha lin>l uaad thrill. .
alanlula powar to ito what Ihav plaaaa wllhnai rnnlritl.a
t llanca wp laarn thai. In tha opinion of Hatarnliiua,
Ihn aovi*ri>li(n aiilliortiy of tharoiiaiita anil ariinti! Iia4
Ik'Oii Inhi'ii nwiiy Jllat |IHI ypara Idrlnrp ltn» ill-aMi of
I'liliia, A. It. lt,orhillian)llti yaar hiifora|lii>rhri«Ujia
rra.wlirii llii' Drat trluuirliatc Iwgiin unilar Cnnr, I'uin
|i«yi lad Vntmu.
t*.
^^/
•^->.
Iha illf l*«« **>'^'Wu|B
1001 tix.-auir. iii.
ifhi
ft iMwtcr m •m|wft*i
>itl ••<»<iM Will) lfc*m
>M •*')> Hflriti^ Ihitt
I iiirrt •III! all**, •ml
|i«ri<h oilh him, •ii»4
I mH<l t^l|t C^ Mm
• Uwit, M ifiiptrf, M,
ttllh lh« HinttrtI M«<,
• halrvil <if CalHa, K«
Id* IrillHKM, III kill
"rhf" r>»ii|Hi«i>il lIlM
titMn nr<'l«in«nl, llMI
krrnf llilt IMHnlrr •/
Ink* In Ihn ulriM* «(
i'llia#it«, 4nil tlhil Im
I • |mrf>ik>r wllb lhn«»
giM Dit^inM him. Y<4
•inn* III lh« i-iiii«|#r*'
lliii Hiinx •itr^avvuritr
t ilitl mnri' laitiil|(i< hit
tt ailtii'i IN nil Ihiil hi>
m il wi>« Ihul III* <!<«
>nilili"n wiih iIih iHt» -
II, mill llir lliinrirnnlK
nihcr* niTuMil hir**
!«••> Ihlnfiai nii)< lli'^
ml ilim* III hrr m 4h«
hml iriurn • |Hil)'in I4
hliii iiliiiiitliiiK III hrt,
I Inn* ht r hjr inch «>t,
•h<-. hiHinK rfiiilrivit
IK lh» niilh:
I Ihr ll'iiimi
• »i|l'jtil
prmiiii'il t^lfW niiiil
h« t^iiiili'itpy npini'in •!
KVrilt iiiur I.U|iii4 wilt
Mlhirc Hiiy ilrliif iiiuilii
I hIkiuIiIimI hii wii«tiili-
hint nil Ihc llr>l ii|>|i<>r-
m»f liluiiirittilv III »h4l
(itnlitK* i>( Ihii (wijiilf
I llir iHiliiriif h«> I'lii'i 1
wilV, Ivliir liy htr Ihk-
kIki: ' - "
J-
rvniirrvit
nl nU th'
~j»jJlhM^,
iIkii liiy
ill •lirll
iliiHril (III lh(
I nil nvrr hrnrlf bi"
hir hiitlnilul'* wiiiiiiil',
inii'lilili (liii tvha iimirr,
' iIki: nml iiothiaK rio
lirruiiialnnri'*, but lirr
f hr litil no» rfK»rilfit
III iif licfumlimiij ; Hrhhl'
Ml in ■{HlilTrrrnl iiii't.
I n iw tMi'tiiiril pi|iiiilly
h«iir (if Ihrjii, mill nrf
■K to III)' ililTi'rriil liii II'
itmr luiil lliKl lli« wiinlf
•ml him 111 lc*«« ott hit
irlHin>u* rru^lly to lh#
III iiiiblii' with iiioili rn-
liulil |H-r|«hliy Ihr •mil*
III ■• h<i liU'l iiicil thrill.
IT piMM without rnnlriM.''
Iha nplnlon of Hatnrnlnut,
ir roiitiiU anil n-iinir ht4
^farn Iirrnrp ltii» ill'alli ol*
yemz h«foratlii>rhriiiHjil
e Iwgan uiiilar Cnnr, I'uiii
ilMt. MtatMM wiMNtalMil f»t**» I
yiig lh« .»««|.lMt.«M, •*• il,»|r«'l « 1i»« I •<••■•»• 1
• iMi.i.Ui. imI ii«iM«>ii*<«ir ••• !"••
»kn (M*, a#JkMl4
CHlllMM
awl
•th, antf tki«wk«(lM» lh*|i wafaiNilly wr
i that lh*»hy M VKHiM Im niti if ika bat
laafur, awl Ikal Ihit ■•« ithtM tft* ••
'•I kiiN l"', •*•••!>• a<l*iaa>l hiin «• ••>
I , , , , fc _ J „ ^ I 1 . >-, ^ ti JTJ 1r rtitf f kM. <K# W"'**
Biff nV wmS TS^F fill W •HH *» lUl* I tw TTT^ "' ' '
lar Aail ihi« ■•• what l%Miniar<ai<l, ami «ha<
Ik* aiHaMHi* ■( !«•■« ••'• «>»««• tl Mw, wk»»
alH- ••• I «|Hi« titii^nafh.th* «h<ntiatl kim laiaia •
•Uail kwlf, awl |i>r«i4<Jti'l klMt lo riNMa ii«a>»
• Ilk UHi»irtati,.M anil laar< ami at «ha^«^i>t>«l
I fM.lttf', «<l,#»*
itMtl* by oik* Ml •»»'*«•
•^ttntf Ha mt)» •ht
r
I W44 iH iliMirilci*, antl •I'lirMd'^MI kar
liiurilrf l'( •i«>Hl« tnttia ilo'ifit ili«(nAM« !>•
i|"
----•' _ _
klUMal/. tka <•»• wall awaia lu* wkal ftfnm k*
«•«••, aiHt tlraitkail iMtt k«r Mk««l ilir>(««, (imI
Uial nty rk«artull|! tit kiw. haitailina h*r f»»».
■ ita ntia «ll>tl|i ilat|>aifin|( ii( k«r lih', awl Imi
<llM( kim IMit til lni(i|la at tnltkinn Iha t»«||><ly
tk«y hail fMiiltril <ty>» nUtiiig lu kar Ma tk«
bnhlly rtrattail k«r ilralh't wqwnil at Ika kai«l )it
l«|Ni«, M ill'l Iha tlaushlaf allrti k«T' !*• l.ii|Hit
mwla haala tiiiniuriii <\«r«aiiJ wkal ka hail iluiia
• I kit Wat ika «ihI at (.'aiMt, a(Ur h* kail
ftldnxl hiitr toart ttilklii Itmt iH<Mi(hil Ma waa,
Man twiiira b* rant* la tf aMiiwrvr, ifl niMurail,
IMI>I ott* Ihal kail arritail at lb* uIimimI |iiI> h ii(
nUkailiiftai • ilata to kla |ilaaaur»t, atHJ a lutar
u( ■•alHiutty , (rrnlly aWniwI liji atary Irrrilila
airiiUiii, »iy| •III that miiiiial iil • «rry luMriUr'
iiwt iliaiHMilloii, what* h* iluril akuW It ll> an-
inyail nit aturlillaiil wiWat t» Ikit iiuly |iMriKit*,
tu ll^MMi itlOM whil l«a>< ilatarvail II, wllk Mil-
HMiiiMbla IntiilriH «, ami ■ul hit waallh hy iiiiir
liar anil li^itttua. Ila lainiriil In a|i|i*ar alHiii*
raganlini aithrr what waiilimna nr agrrtalila lu
Ika lawiiliiit waa a ilatf tu thai'iiHini<iniUl|iina>i(
Ika |i<i|iula'a , ami wkattuavar Iha lawt ilatar-
inniail III ha thaiiiafitl, ami punlahail, that ka
•4lr«iiia<l mora ItuiHirahla than what waa «ir'
(untit. Ila waa uiiihIiiiIIuI ill kit friantta. kuw
littimala ti>a»l<r<, anil thuii|h Ika^ wara |taraunt
nf Iha hlxhrat chararlrri ami, if ha wM iiiira
tngry at any 'M lliatii, ha wuiilil iitflicl puniah'
maul t||iiia Ihirm nn tha tniallrtt oriaaiunt, ami
attariiinl »\>',y mail that ritiUaviirril tu lami •
tlrluiiii* lllr Hit fiit'iiiy Ami whaltuaTri* li«
tuMiiiimiilriJ, h« wmuIiI iii>I iuIiiiiI of any ronlr*'
«ll> Hull III Ilia inrklnaliuni: whiiiia it wat Ikilt k«
hwl rriuiinal rmtvi rtalinn wllh hit uwn titlari*
friiiii wViiti iH'ruaiuH rhirlTy it waa aUu, tliata
liilirr battr*il Ityat a|iraiM|r M|i »Kiiinat him iiiiiiiiig
Iha ijii<u|na. that Mirt III hiirat mil hanInK brrn
iMuwHuf lllmnK MMi'i wut au thia prii«uki:il iiuti
tu illtlrital hull, wn'l lu ll»t« hiin iIihI wna KUilly
ufil, Anit fur «ny ktukI ur niynl ivurk Ih^l hr
r«rr (iM, wbit,^ iiiiK<iil h« Kiir Cbr pn ami anil lur
/ttlMf ■!!••, imiiuily «uil n^mn tfbv aui h, but iinly
Ihn |prm>tMlk« m^ »><<iUt Khr^lum nml Si-
•ttfipr itH' iM|l>(taWf Itir >tii|i. Ihiil bruii^hl
romfruni V^iyfKti wKlrkwaainilanlawurfc wiih-
ftut ili»(iii»e vaiy Kraal in iltall, anil of »«ry |{r«ii|
mlfttiitnitr bi Ihr navijpttlon, Vrl wna laul thit
work briiUKhl |i> Mrl'i'ftiun by bim, but waa Ihc
iin»-hiill ol It lilt iiujirrfii'l, by ifKinn of hit
Mwaa tkilfHl in ^MftaHltlHifl nlkan In tviry frnl
IhiiMt IkAH aity H)M alt*, «»> tki* INiW a rnHnm
aHWkiblf «l lanitwir. wlUtk hwl k««M imffm*4
kf WH- k nan laa ami |M>aalakln||i tar IW ■•
M«a t^ |.. »~l«..«t ul t^ li>ullks> a< TUttrftwa.
wkaM* Waaataitf ka Wt«| lk|a arat • MtWHg (••
iliKamaail In hia aar|Hlrll% *( lt«aNlN|f. h*«MIM
I'lkaflita aa^ml alia » Iha tN||k*t« (ptllk •( HM
MItl uf >a|<nlaiii>Wi a«il CuliM (af |**«l *lMf l*«
Ilka gbir* «if aliHrnaKia. Iiaiwf M<blK*<l tkMni^n
ka |k« Utiatt wl hia kiiuanail aMil I mir
Ila waa aUii a<»i«K lh> knt raiak i>', ,ii*W
• MMaiia Hitl Ik* ailaanlat't ka fvnont'l Iniiw
kia laMtililt tlMl •»' ruKnlartail Ihr iflfli"! h*
hniHghl «|Nia hmiarlf. In Iha rtttifSt* "• hit
anlkufilt , ail ililki nil |t lalut t4k*tc nifMainlka
tiMna thai It itriaataay lur M Wia* n|M. wk«>
hata Ika alifiUia iaiWaf •» ilii wh»l ihMtuNata
WIlkoNi runlrul Al Ik* taal kr f^ ^••••V **'*'^
frtamit at warn in all faajwi la tha m«at ariirthy.
•»l waa iraally l» loaaj by Ihain. whilr f|a iiwl-
ittaii th«i( i*aii>tia a|<iilM tliin I ■ lh« IHgrnt**
aitil l» th* glnrliiHt ••tlnnt ul Ika hati rnxm^ hwt
whan h« liri'MH* inaiilml tuwarli thrill, 4k*)r
laltl aanlr th* kliKlii*a< ihi f ha I M hil%llliil
h«(4n lukalaklm, fruiM whiik hulml rtiiiii<i|liai
nlul whii'k Ikry raitatl afaiitat kitii, Mitl wlimiria
It* |»riak*4.
riiAi*. Ill
W»i» C'lait^llit »•« »#lt«i< Mf«<t,it»Ki kraii/r*! «i«l
htm lAt .NtMitlt «ait< an t.mlnutmf (• Aim,
( I NiiW Clamliut, M I awiil alMivl^ Want ||^l
u( tkat way •lung wkick CnliH WM fon* i M'
at tha family wat In k Hti||llly illtunlar U|hih |{
tail ail iilrnt uf th* iiinnb r uf ('•, n, hr wna
Uraat illatrratboW liitaa* huiiai If. aaul waa |,iii||
In haa* hlililm biUMalf in mi Ham narriiw )il.ii'i
Ihiiituk h« hail nu olhrr im < aai.m fur tuail' mhi
•nv iTangart, lH>alilrtlhi< iliKnily nf hit birth, itir
whil* h» waa • priaair man, li* Iwliatail liiiiBil
Wllh ni.vlrratliin, anil waa lunlrnlil » ili htt
ptiarHl /uriiinr, applying hiniatll t» lioiiiliiK
anal raprrially 11 thai uf III* Onitka, ami kri p
Inn h rtt riiiirrly ilrar Irunt avrry Ihint: Ihiit
iMtKht briuK »n any iliataibaiH r. lint at iti iliia
lima lb* tunlliluila wrr* uinUr • rontli'riiMtliin.
ami Ihe whiilr pnTaK Wui tiittnf lh» ir,h«»T»'
inailliraa, ami Iha »rry rm|irrur"t jiianlt traina il
tinilrr tha likr Irar ami iliaurilri withprtvair prr-
Ihr baiiit rallrtj prrlurian. wbii^b wna ihe
purrat |mrt ut thr army, wiit in runtnltntluo what
wat tu II* ilun* at Ihia jnii' Inn'. Nuw nil tliuar
tb«t wrr* at Ihia loiitnltiiliiin, bail lilllr irKaril
la th* luinialiniint Cmut bml iiillrniil, briniia*
h* jutlly (Iratrrril tiiih hia furtiiur) Iml Ihry
wara nilhrr runalilrriiiK thrir >mn rircuuittan-
I'M, how tliry nilKbl tnki) tlia brat rarai nf Ihrni-
ialr<>t, rtiircmllv wbilr llir liariiiililt wir* btlay
in puniibiiiK ihr nHihlrrrra of i'ltiut; whiih yal
wat ralhrr ilun* tu )("■"'> ''"''' "**" '***<
Irniprr, than fur Ihi K'""' "f •'"' P'lhlir
...„ ^ ..,., ,...„,... , . nil
MHmtof aiipllcatiunto U; tha t^aiMH >4' triiirii tynt i wbtrh ibiiigt dialutbril I'liKlJlut. whii WM »fmii|
Ihit. thiit hr iiiiplurrd hit Mmdira abnfi* Utrlraa I nf hit ulwn tafrlv, ami tliia piirtit'ujall^v brrauui
liiHtlira. anil that by apcniliag bit nuHry upuii \ he aiiw thr hruila uf Aa|'r<iiii4 nrtil iHa pnrinrra.
tiU'h i.lratnrrt at runrrmnl no oiir'k briaifit but lurriril abiint. tli< «lali"ii ImJ, hirii un a critniit
hit uitn, baiuitlil nntr\rrl liltlibnriilily |n ihinK* rli'viilril iilurr, wliilhi r n I, M alriia Iril biili, nml
that wirr unilcniably of ('"■( cunatquriirr.— whilbrr h« hml rrtiri'J m >V' *''*''' ^f hiinarll',
Othirtviar h« wna on rirrUchI orator, ami Ihu- [ Uut tthan <irfilu>. who una our nf Ihr lublirrt
niuchly Nripiniiilril with tha (jrrrk tunitMr, Mt ; lliat l)rluii;;ril ti thr pali'i i', aaw hint, bill iliil.
wall nt wltli hi* uwn luuntry ur Human luii|;uttgr. I not writ know by bit cuuiitmnncc who ho wii«,
• Hnanhrlni hrr* nnira from Mialonlua. thai llianams t Thla fnlnt watihr lonoflhal rirallriil |N'rion4lari '
uf raliit'talalrr.wllh winnn lie tvniuulllv nl' liirrtl.waa nnililriia, wliu « aa llir »hi uf DrunOa, Ihr hrulliiirof Tl-
/)ra<»/''i; anil lliiil Mup|iiii|ii>ailila, lir wilt (iiilivuf Iha hrrlnalhr riii|H>rur,
•mil* crlnir Willi all I'la tlaliranlau. Hr iinira fiiilhrr | 'I'lila ftral |iluirl'l[iiiiliii<<'iiiiii'lawnalnhiil,Ui'il,anil
llHtlHuPliinlnaoiiillalliriiiriiliunurihrliiivriirorthliia, ' tnllril tlrrutum, ut H|iiiiilirii(i haft ilift»UM Ul lloia
whirli iiur iiHllior rttrrinailir only piililir wKik fur Iha MiMliUiiut, in C'ltud. chfp. i,
anoilul llicprrarnlnnil bilurr Birawlitrhl^ulualalt ht- I '
hlad blni,tuou|h In an iDiparfacl condition. I
•^.■''
H.
, .
-f/
4"" (l ' '■■
^{^j T) ''^^h r ; •
y
A)6
ANTIQUITIES OF Ti IE JEWS.
M
bMHiiie rt waitltrk, though he could well judge
^«t il wnt a man who was privatrly Iher* on
lohie d««ign, he ctme nearer to him, and when
Claudiui di-iired that he wyuld retire, he diicoT-
•red who he waa, and owned him to be Claudiiii.
80 he (aid to hit rollawrrs, " Thia iia Oennani'-
i:iu;» come on, let ut rhooie hini for our empe-
ror" But when Claudiua naw that they were
making pr.<p«rationt for taking; him away by
force, and waa afraid ihey would kill him, aa
they had killed Caiut, he beauught them to tpare
' him, putling'theni in mind how quietly he had
demeaned himieir.and lhn( he was unacquainted
with what had been done. Hereupon (iratua
smiled upon him, and twk him by the rirht
hand, and said, <• Leave ofl, Sir, theao low
thoughts of saving yourself, while you ought to
have (;re»ter thoughts, evcp of obtaining (he
' ciupire, winch the gods, out of their concer»for
the habitable worlcf, by taking Caius dut of the
way, comnnt to thy virtuous conduct. Go to,
therefore, and accept of the throno of thy ances-
tors." So they took hiai up nnd carried liini,
because he was not then able to go pn foot, such
:^ . -■ ivn« hi.) dread and hi* joy at what was told him.
2. Kow there was already gathered together
nbout (iratusB great number oT the guardu; nnd
when thcv saw. Claudius carged off, they looked
with a sad countenance, as supposing that he was
carried to execution for thi^liiischiefs that had
been lately done; while vet they thought him a
■nan who liever meddled 'wim public airairs all
Ilis life- long,, and one l^at had met with no con-
temptible dangers under the reign of Caius; and
sonie of them thought it reasonaitle that the con-
suls should take cognisance of these matters;
and, as still more and more of the soldiery got
togethei-, the crowd about him ran away, and
Claudius could hardly go on, his body was then
so weak; and thosff who carried his sedan, upon
on inquiry that was made about his beingcarried
off, ran away apd saved tliuiiselves. as despair-
ing of their lord's preservHlion. But when tliey
were come into the large court of the palace,
: (Which, as the repdrt goes about it. Was inhabited
first of all the parts of the city ofRome,) and had
just reached the public treasury, many more sol-
diers came about him, as elad to see Claudius's
face, and thought it exceeding right to make hiiii
emperor, on account of their kindness for Ger-
luanicus. Who was his brother, and had left be-
hind him a vast reputation anijoiig all that were
acquainted with him." "Thc^ reHected also onthe
: covetous tempcrof the leading men of the senate,
and what great errors they had been guilty of,
, when the senate had the government formerly;
thev also considered the impossibility of such v>
unaertaking, as also what dangers they should
he in, if the government should come tp'a single
person,, and tnat such a one should posiess it.as
they had no hand in advancing, and not to Clau-
- dius, who vsould take it 'as their grant, and as
gained by t^eir good-will to him, and wOuld re-
uiembcr^the' favors' they had done him, and
would make them a suliicieut recompense for the
same.
3. These were the discourses the sold iei^ had
one with another by thcmsclve^ and they com-
municated them to all such as came unto them?
. Now, those that inquired about this niattcr, will-
'*.fr '"Rly embraced the invitation that was made to
/' , Kthem to join with therest: so they carried Clau-
Sff dius into the camp, crowding about him as his
guard, and encompas'Cin'^ him /about, one chair-
man still succeeding another, that their vehement
endeavors might not be hindered. ISut as to the
populace aiicT senators, they /disagreed in their
opmions. The latter were very desirous to re-
cover their former dignity, pnd were zealous to
* How Claudius, another son orDrusns,whichDrusus
Sthe father offierniiinifn.. rniilil >■■■ h"". ^ni,;,|f
get clear of the slavery thai had been brought oa
them by the injurious treatment of th« tyiantSi
which the present opportunity afforded them;
but for the people, who were envious against
them, and knew that the em|ierors were capable
of curbing their covetous temper, and were a
refuge from them, Ihey were very glad that
Claudius had been seised unnn, ana brought to
them, and thought, that if Claudius were made
emperor, he would prevent a civil war, such as
there was in the days of Pompey. But, when the
senate knew that Claudius was brought into tiic
camp by the soldiers, they sent to him fhone of
their body which had the best character for their
virtues, tnat the^ might inform him, "that he
ought to do nothing by violence, in order to gain
the -government: that he who was a single per.
son, one either already, or hereafter to be, a
member of their btAly, ought to yield to the
senate, -which consisted of so great a number:
that he ought to let the law lake place in the dis-
posal of alf that related to the public order, and
to remember how greatly the former tyrants had
afflicted Iheircity; and whatdangersboth heaqd
they had escapen under Caius, and that he ought
not to hate the heavy burden of tyranny, when
the injury is done by others, while he ditl himselt
wilfully treat his country after a mad and inso-
lent manner; that if he would comply with them,
and demonstrate thai his firm resolution was to
live quietly and virtuously, he would have the
greatest "honors decreed to him that a free
people could bestow, and by subjecting himself
to the law, would obtain this branch of cuiu-
nicudation, thai be acted like a man of virtue,
both as a ruler and a subject 1 but tji^titf he
would act foolishly, and learn no wisdom by
Caius'a (Icalh, they would not permit him logo
on; that a great part of the army was got to-
gether for them, with plenty of ^eapons, and a
great number of slaves, which they could make
use of: that good hope was a great matter in
tXft cases, as was also good fortune, aiid thai
tapgods would never assist any others but those
th\t undertook to ac| with virtue and goodness,
who oan be no other than such as fight for the
liberty of |heir country."
4. Now the ambassadors, Veranius and Broc-
chus, who were both of them tribunes of the
people, made this speech to Claudius, and falling
down upon their knees, they begged of him, that
he would not throw the city into wars and iuis-
fortunes; but when Ihey saw what a multitude of
soldiers encompassed a.id guarded Claudius, and
that the forces that were ivith (he consuls were,
in coiupari.ton of them, perfectly inconsiderable,
-they added, that "if he did desire the govern-
ment, he should accept of it as given by the se-
nate; that he would prosper better, and be hap-
pier, if he came to it, not by' the injustice, but by„
the good will of those that would bestow it upon
him.^' J
CHAP. IV. ■* ,
M'Ao« thitifr* Kin^Agrippa did/or ClaUdiut, and
hotc ClaudtHt, when he had taken the Govern'
ment, commanded the murderers ef Caiut to be
ilain.
{ 1. Now Claudius, though he was sensihte
after what an insolent manner the senate had
sent to him, yet did be, according to their advice,
behav£ himself for the present with moderation ;
but hot so far that he could not recover himself
out of Jiis fright: so he wns encouraged [toclaiin
the government] partly by the boldness of the
soldiers, and partly by the per!<unsion of king
Agrippa, Ti'ho exhorted him not to let such a do-
minion slip out of his hands, when it came thus
to him ofits own accord. Now, this king Agrippa,
sure* us that, by t decree of the senate, the surname of
Ofii i uaiciis wa s be s towed upon D i uius, and hi s po s —
I 'M
called OeniiaiiKiu, Suetonius inforliis us, wlien be as'
terltyalso. In Claud, cb. i.
^-
ihiid brcn brought oa
ilmrnt of (be tjrranti,
(unity Rfl'orded them;
were enviou* ngaiiiK
in|ieron wcrn capable
temper, tad were ■
were irerr glad that
upon, anci brough( (o
Claudius were made
t a civil war, tuch as
mpey. But, when ihc
waa brQueht into tlio
Y acnt to nini (huav of
ie«t character for their
nform him, "that hr
Irnce, in order (o gain
vho waa a tingle per.
>r faeretfter to be, a
fht to yield to the
ao great a number:
take place in the dis-
the public order, and
he fomier tyranta had
atdangeraboth heaqd
ius, and that he oueht
Icn of tyranny, when
, while he ditl himsell
ifter B mad and ioio-
lid comply with them,
irm reiolution wa> to
f, he would have the
to him that a free
ly aubjccting himaelf
thia branch of cuiu-
like a man of virtue,
bjecti but tjijat.itf he
leiro DO wiaidom by
dot permit him toga
the army wa> got to-
ty of weapons, and a
lich they could make
la a great matter In
Dod fortune, aiid thai
any o(hcrs but thote
virtue and goudnesi,
such as fight for the
I, Veraniua and Rroc-
them tribunes of the
> Claudius, and falling
y l>^Sged of hiiu, that
ly into wars and inis-
w what a multitude of
uardcd Claudius, and
ith the consuls were,
fectly inconsiderable,
d desire the govern-
t as given by the le-
r better, and be hap-
r the injustice, but by.
would bestow it upon
did/or ClaUdiuM, and
%d taken the Govern-
•deter» ef Caiut to be
igh he was acnsibfe
nner the senate had
fding to their advice,
Bnt with moderation;
J not recover hiiiiiielf
encouraged [to claim
y the boldness of the
e per!>uaaion of king
not to let inch a do>
!, when it came thus
>w, this king Agrippa,
laenate, theaurnameof
> n D i uiua, and hit po » —
DOO|C XIX.— CHAP. IV.
-1^1
1
with relation to Calus, did whatbernnie one tliat
lind lit'i II an murh honored liy liiiii ; for hr i iii-
imioid Cniiis's Ixiity alter he wnt (lead, and Inid
it lipon n l)eil, mid rovered it lis well lis lie ccmld,
and went out \o llie giinrlM, nnd tiild them that
CaJHi was Ktill idive; hut he said thiit thiv'
should rail for physician", sihre he wiwvery ill
of \i\* wuiinda. llut when lie had liiirned that
('iHudJMi w»« cnrrieil niviiy viidently by the mil-
(liers, be rushed tlinm^ti flie erimd to lilni, and
wli^n he found tlint licivnii inilisurdcr, nnil ready
to resign up the governnie nt tn the senate, he
cnrourn;;ed hiiu, nnd diKireil him to keeji the
government; but when be bifH said this tn C'liiu-
iliiis, he retired home. And, upon the seiiiite's
seiuling for him, he'antiinled his head with oint-
lurnt, lis If lie had lately roinpnnied ivilh his
wife, and bad dismissed her, and then cnnie to
tlinii: \iK nlso asked of the seniitors wlint Cl.'iu-
dius dill; who Inhl hiin the present stiitc of iif-
fnirs, nnd then inked Ins <r|)inion nliniit the set*
tleinrii( -of the pnldic. lie told them in words,
that he was rriiily tn lose his life for the liiinor
of thiksennte, biitdesired thini to Consider nhnt
w«s for (heit iiilviuitage, without any regnrd to
What wn« mostnKreeable to tlieni; .^Jr that those
u'ho grasp nt government, will stand in need of
weapons, and soldien tn gii:<r(l them, unless iliey
trill sefui) without imv prrparntion for it, nnd so
full into (Linger. Ami wlivn the scmite replied,
that "ihej wniiM liring him wen|iaiKH In alum-
dance, ltlia:ninney, and thnt ns Xa^n nrniy, ii part
of it wiui nirenily eollerteilt/tojfether for them,
mid they woiihl ridsc n liiVger oi{e by giving the
nlavi'S their lilii riy." Aitripp'a nyide aiiswcr, " O
fenators! inny joii be niile to cnni|m'-'. what yon
have II mind to; yet will I inniii dintely ti II yiiii
my thoughts, liecniist^ht-y tend to your preser-
vation: take notiee, then, that the army v.liich
will fight for Claudius liatli been liiiix exenised |
in wuilike nflhirs: but our army will be no belter i
than H rudi! multitude of raw men, and tlicKc
such II' have been uiicxiH:Ctedly made, free fnnii |
slavery, and ungnvernunle; we must then light j
against those that are skilliil in war, witli men |
who know not so inneh ni how to draw their ;
stvords. So that my ii|iinlnn is, that we should
send some persons to Cluiidihs. tn persuade him
to lay down thu !;nveriiiiieiit, and I am ready to
be one of your ambassadors."
2. Upon this sjieeih of Agrippa, the senate
complied with liiiii, and he Avu» sent among
others, and privately iiiforuii.d Cliiiidiiis of the
disorder the senate was in, and gave instructions
to answer thi>in in a somen hat commanding
Mrain, and as one invested with dignity and
authority. Accordingly, Claudius said tn the
amliassudors, that "he. did not wonder tlie senate'
had no niind to have an emperor over them, be-
cause tliey had been harassed by the barliHiity
of those that had foj4iierly been at the head of
their nllairs; but that they should ta.>te of an
equitable government under him, and moderate
times, while he should only be their ruler in
name, but the authori^- should be eijually com-
niontothem all; and since he had passed through
many arid various scenes of life before their
eyes, it would be good for them not to distrust
him." So the BinbassadorB, upon their heiiring
this his answer, were dismissed. Kut Claudius
discoursed with the army which was there gather-
ed together, who took oaths that thev would per-
sist in 'their lldelity to him; upon which be gave
the guards every man five thousand drachina:
apiere,* and a proportionable quantity to their
captains, and promised to give the same to the
rest of the armies wheresoever they were.
3. And now the. consuls called the senate to-
♦ThiBniimlmrof ilrnelimm tohedlslriliiitcd to each
privniB»oiiiier,.>mKi<iraflinia-, ei|n:ilioi!0,UlHim!8tcrce»,
or XIGl sterlnis, seems much tun larfie, and Uirertly
eontradicts Suetonius, chap. i. wlio make* tlioin in all
but IS leiterccs, or Us. M. Yet might Josenlius have
51
391
gelhrr int<> the temple of Jliipit<'T the Conquer'
or, while It WHS still niKht; luit iiiiiie of those
senators coHiealcd theiiisi lve.< in thi' city, brinr
uncertain what to ^In, iipon the hearing (if this
summons, Hiid soViie of them went out of the
city to their own liiriiis, ns Inreseeing whither
th<' public allairs «( re going, jiiid despairmg o(
liberty? iiiiy, (hi!.i' sufipoaed it iiiuei. luttor for
them to be slaves withnnt danger tn themselves,
i)nd tn live a laiy and inai'tivi' life, than by claim*
liig the dignity of thi ir furulalhers, to ruij the
haiard of their own aalety. However, a hundred,
and no more, wi're goiti^n together; and ns they
wet^'ih cohsiillalioii almut the present posture of
aHairs, a sudden cliiinor was made by the sol-
diers that were on tin ir side, "desiring that the
senate would choose theiii an emperor, liiid not
bring the gnvernment into'riiiii bv selling up a
multitude of rulers." So they I'ully declared
themselves to be for the giving the government
not to nil, but to one; but they gave the iieliate
iTave to logk out for a person worthy to be set
over them, iiisonnich, that luity the uf)airs of (ho
senate were niu(>li worse than before; because
they had not only faihVl in the recovery of their
liberty, which thev linavted llninselvea of, but
were in dread of (.laudins also. Vet were there
tho«c that hnnkeriid after the government, biitji
on account of the dignity of their fami||us, and
that iiccrning to them liy their marrii^es; for
Marcus Minucinnus was I'llnstriuus, both by his
otyli nobility, and by his having inarried Julia,
(im; sister of Cuius, who accorilingiy was very
ready toplaimthe.governmeiit,nlthongh thecon-
sills discouraged him, and made one delay after
another ill pro|iosiiig it: that Alinucianus also,
who was one of Caius'a murderers, ri'straiDed
\'alerius of Asia from thinking of such, things,
and a prodigious thiughter tbere had been, if
li'ave bad been given to these ndtiito set up for
thrmselvo and oppose Chiuilius. There Were
also u considerhble number of ghidialors besides,
and of those soldiers tha( kep( wAlrhT)'y~nlght in
the city, and rowers of ships, who ull ran into the
camp, insomuch, that of those who |mt in for
the gnvernmeni, some left olf their pretensions
in order to spare the city, and others out of fear
for their own persons.
■I. lintas soon as everit wasday, Cherea, and
those that jivere with him, came into the senate,
and attempted to make speeches tn the soldiers.
Ilowever, the multitude of those soldiers, when
th(T saw that they were making signals for si-
leiffe with their hands, and tvere ready to begin"
to spent to them, grew tumultuous, and would
not let them speak at all, h<:caiise they were all
zealous to be under a monarchy ; and they de-
manded of the )<enate one for their ruler, as not
enduring liny longer delays; but the senate hetl'
tated about either their own governing, or how
they should themselveii be governed, while the
sotdiersw'ould not admit them to gnyrrn, and the
murderers ofCaius would not permit the soldiers
to dictate to them. \Vheii tliey W(ro ill these
circumstances, Clierea was' not able to contain''
the anger be had, and promised, thytif they de-
sired ah emperor, he would give them one, if
any one would bring him the watchword from
F.iitvchus. Now, this Kutynhus was charioteer
of (lie green-band faction, styled Prasint', and a
great friendof Cains, tvlio used to harass the sol-
diery with building stubtcs lor the horses, and
spent his time in ii;noininious labors, which oc-
casioned Cherea to reproach theiit with him',
nnd to abuse them witli inuch other scurrilous
language; and told them, "he would bring thein
the h(ud of Claudius; and that it was an ania-
iing thing, that after their former madness, they
thIa nnmlier from Agripna junior, tliomh I doubt the
-^.
.ar^
tliouBands, or at least the liundreda, lijive lieen added hy
(lie transcril'ers. of which we hiive hid wvetal eiea-
pies already in Joaeplius.
^1%
392
ANTlijUItlES OF THE JEWS.
■hould c:)niinit the goTvrnmenI to r fool." Yet
ware they not moved with hia wordu, but drew
tiieirtworda, and took u|T thi'ir inaij^ni, nnd went
to Cliudiut, to jaiLiu taking the oath oftidclity
to him. So thit^lnatL' were left without any
body to defend th«m, and the very con»uli(iifl'er-
cd nolhinj; from private |)<'riion«. Thty were
alio under consternation and aorrow, men not
knowing what would liecomu of them, becHuan
Claudlua WB> very angry at Iheni ; to they fell to
reproacliin}; one another, and repented of what
thev had done. At which juncture Sahinua, one
of Caiua't murderers, threatened that he would
iQonvr come into the midat of them and kill him-
■elf, than conaentto niake C'laudiua emperor, and
ife slavery returning iipbn them: he also abu-
led Chvrea for loving his life too welt, while he
who was the Jirat in hia contempt of Caiua, could
think it n good thing to live, when, even by nil
that they had doije for the recovery of their liber-
ty, they foUnd'it impossible to ilo it. Hut Cherca
•aid, he l)ad no mann(!r of doubt upon him about
killing liiniat'lf ; that yet he would first sound the
intention of Claudius before he did it.
5. These were the debutes [about, the senMeQ
but in the camp every body was cl'owding on bU
(ides to pay their court to Claudius, and the other
consul, Quintus Foiuponius, was reproached by
the apldiery, as having rather exhorted the se-
nate to recover their liberty; whereii|>on they
drew their swords, and were going to assault
bini, and they had done it, if Claudius had liot
' hindered them, who .snatched the consul out of
the danger he was in, and set him by him. But
he did not receive that part of the senate which
was with Quintus in the like honorable manner;
nay, some of them received blows, nnd werc^
tbruM away as they came to salute Claudius; nay,
Aponius went away wounded, and they were all
in danger. However, king Agrippa Went up to
Claudius, nnd desired he would treat the senators
more gently ; for if any mischief should come to
the senate, he would nave no blber^ over whom
to rule. Claudius complied with him, and called
the senate together into the palace, and was car-
ried thither himself through the city, while 4h«
soldiery conducted him, though this was to the
treat vexation of the inultltuue; for Cherea and
abinns, two of Caius's murderers, went in the
fore-front of them, in an open manner, while
Pollio, whom ClaudiuD a little before had u>ade
captain of his guards, had sentthcni an epistolary
edict, to forbid them to appear in public. Then
did Claudius, upon his coming to the palace, get
hii friends together, and desired their suffrages
about Cherea. They said, that the Work he l^ad
done was a glorious one, but they accused him
that he did it of perfidiousuess, and thought it
just to intlict the punishment [of dent h] upon him,
to discountenance such nctidiis for the time to
come. Ho Cherea was led 40 his execution, anil
* This piercing cold, here complained of by Lupus,
wees welLlo the time of the year whonClaudms liesan
ms reign; it lieing for rcrtnin atioiit the months of No-
vember, Deccnilwr.or J.-iiiuary,nnd most prohuMya fnw
days after Jan. 24tli, nnd a few days before tlie Konian
Parentalia.
t It is liotli here and elsewhere very remarkable, that
the murderers of the vilest tyrants, wlio yet hii;hly de-
served todie.wlien tliose murderers were under oaths or
other the like obligntionscf fidelity lotlicin, were uaiml-
, ly revenged, and llie murderers were rut olTthemsClves,
and that after areniarknMe manner; and this sonictiincs,
as in the present case, by those very persons who were
not sorry for such murders, but got kingdoms by them.
The examples are very numerous both in sacred and
profiine liistoricB, and seem gRiierally indiraiions of dl-
vine vengeance on such mnrderers. Nor is it unworthy
Lupus, and many other Romaiia with him; now
it is reported that Chen'a bore his calamity cou-
rageously, and this, not only by the firmness of
his own behavior under it, but by the reproachra
he laid upoti Lupus, who fell into tears; fur when
Lupus had laid hisgiirniint aside and complained
of the cold,* he said, that cold was never fiurtful
to lupus, [i. e. a wolf.] Ami as a great many men
went along with them to see the sight, when
Cherea came to the place, he asked the soldier
who was to be their executioner, whether this
oliice was what he was used to? or 'whether this
was the first time of his using his sword in tliat
manner, and desii^ed'him to bring hiui that very
sword with which he himself slew Cuius. So he.
was happily killed at one stroke. But LuJ
not meet with such good fortune irh goinj
the world, since he was timoroua, <i|iiij|4ii
blows levelled at his neck, b<icaij?«<lj«^u .^
stcetch it out boldly [as he ought^%HcI|l^t:
0. Now, a few days after thiB,M'^NM<''"i*'
solemnities w«re near at band, th<^,H(iii^)|iB/ mul-
titude made their usual oblations to theif'several
ghosts, and put portioiis iuto the fire, in honor
of Cherca, and besought him to be merciful to
them, and not continue his anger against them
for their ingratitude. And this was the end of the
life that Cherea caiiier to. But for Sabinus, al-
though Cluifdius not only set him lit liberty, but
gave him leave to retain' his former command in
the arniv; yet did he think it would be unjust i.n
hiiii to i'd'il of pcrfoniiing his obligations to his.,.,
fellow-confederates; so be fell upon his sword,
and killed himself, the wound reaching up to the.
very hilt of the sword.t
CHAP. V. '
Ifow Claudiuirettored to Agrippa bis Grand/a-
therms Kingdoms, and augmented his Domi-
niuns! and how he published an edict in 6e-
half <^. the Jews.
{ \. IVow, when Claudius hadtaken out of the
way all those soldiers whom he suspected, which
he did immediately, he published an edict, anil
therein confirmed tlic kingdom to Agrippa,, which
Caius had given him, and therein commended
the liing higjily. He also made an addition to it,
of uli that country over which Herod, who was
his grandfather, had reigned, that is, Judea and
Samaria: and this he restored to him as due ta
his family. But for AbHa,t of Lysanias, and all
that lay 'at mount Libanus, he ]}estowed them
upon him, as out of his owp territories. He also
madea league with Agrippa, confirmed by oaths,
in the middle of the forum, in the city of Boiiie:
he also took away from Antiochus that kingdom
which he was possessed of, but gave him a.cer-
tain partof Cilicia and Coiilmagena: he alsoaet
Alexander Lysimachua, the alabarch, at liberty,
ivho had been his old friend, and steward to his
commission front Cod, Without any sUrh commisakin,
any justice or romniiscraiion, he killed Ahab's great
incii.and ncquaintaiircs.and priests,and forty-two of tli«
kindredof Ahazi:iM,2Kingsx. 11— 14. PpcHo3.i.4. I
do not mean liore to condemn Ehud or Juditli,or the like
executioners of God's vciigcanre on those wicked ty-
rants, who had unjustly oppressed God'sown peO|.i« un-
der their theocracy; wlio.as theyapiiear slin to have lirtil
no selfish designs nor intentions toslay the iniiocenl.so
had they still a divine coinmijsion, or a divine impulse,
which was their rommlasion for what they did, Judg
iti. 15, l»,aO; Judith ix.S; Test. Levi. gect.S, in Authcni.
Keep. 31^. Bee also p. 433.
t Here St. Luke is in sonic measure confirtaied, when
he infariiiB us, cliaii. iii. 1, that Lysanins was some tims
liefore telrarrh of Abilene, wliosecapital was Abiln;BS
he is farther roulirined by Ptolemy, the great geocra-
1
of remark, that such murderers of tyrants do it uaiially | plier,whlcli Spanlieini here observes, when he calls ihM
on such III prinrlples, in such a cruel manner, and as i city Mila of Liisanias. fee the notconh.xvii.ch.il.
r « » d vt o I nv ol ve th e i nn o cen t wi lh the gui l ty , which I » « tt .4, an il Prid . n tihe yearn " . W a n d 13 . I esteem this
.•;-3
„-l^ - , ^
was the ease here, chap. i. sect. 14, aiid chap. il. sect. 4, | principality to have hejonged to the land of Cnnaon on
as Justly deserved the divine vengeance upon them, i ginally,to have been the burying-pl.-ireor Ahel,ond re
Which seems to have heeii the case of Jehu also, when, ferred toossuch. Matt, xxlii. 35;Lukcri. 51. S«eA»
besides the bouse of Abab, for whose slau{hter he had a | thent. Kec. part ii. p. 883— £85.
IT
«i
ikiii with lilm; now
ire hia calamity cou-
y by the firninCH of
ut by the r«iiroachr«
I intotean; fur when
liide iiiul t'omiilained
>l(l was niiver Hurtful
a> a gredt many nicii
■e« Ine alKht, whrii
he Baked the aoldier
tioiicr, whtthor this
to7 or whether Ihii
ing hia aword in tliat
bring hiu> that very
f tiew Caius. So lie.
oke. But LuJ
irtune ra goin|
}roua, <iinij|4i||
ought^?mue:{l4
r thia.'Mt^^Macirilal
ind; th<^, Kiiii^/ niul-
itibna to theif'sevcral
nto the fire, in honor
lini to be n>erciful to
I anger againat them
[hia waa the end of the
Hut for Sabinua, hI-
let him lit liberty, but
la former coniniand in
it woulil be unjust in
lia obligationa to hit...
fell ii)iiin hia sword,
nd reaching up to the
Igrippa his GranJ/a-
ugmenUd his Domi-
ished an edict in 6e-
la had taken out of the
n he aoapected, which
ibliahed an edict, anil
loni to Agrippa,, whicli
I therein coiiimeiided
nadean addition to it,
irhich Herod, who w»9
ed, that ia, judea and
ired to him as due to
,t of Lyaanias, and all
a, he Jjeatowed them
^p territoriea. He also
a, confirmed b^ oaths,
, in the city of Roriie:
itinchus that kingdom
f. but gave him a.cer-
nimagenn : he also set
e alabarch, at liberty,
nd, and steward to his
ut any aUrh commieaion,
I, lie killed Ahab'a tireat
rie8ts,aiid forty-lwoof th«
.11—14. PpcHo3.i.4. I
rlliud or Juditli.or the like
n<ie on those wicked ly-
fweil (jo«l*«own peotMeun-
[■y,ip|iear atin to liavc Jiiiil
na tuslay tlic iniiocenl.so
liiion, oradivineiinpulae,
for what they did, Judg
. Levi. Met, S, in Autheni.
neasnre conflrtaied, when
t Lysanins was some tlnia
lioaecapital was Abilnias
olcniy, the great geocra-
aervofi, when he calls that
I lie note on h. xvii. ch. li.
:tH nnri 88. I emeem this
BOOK XIX.— CHAP. VI.
3(0
1
.,..,
mother, Antonia, but had been impriaoned byj
('aiun, wliuae son, [Marcus] niiirried liernice, the
daughter oi' .\grippa. Hut when .Marcua, Alexan.
der'a sun waa dead, who had iiiarried her when
■he wua a virgin, Agrippa gave Iiit in marriage
tu his brother, Herod, and begged fur him of
tJlaiidtus the kingdom of I'hiilcia. o .
'i. jNow, about this time, there was a aedition '
between the JeWs and the (ireeka, nt thecily of
AltXHiidria; for, ivlien Cuius wua {lead, the nation
of tlie Jews, which had been very much iiiorti-'-
fled under the reign of Guiua, and reduced to Very
great dislnas by the people oi' Alexuiulrin, reco-
vered itself, and immediately took up their arms to
fight for themielves. So (/laudina sent un order
to the presidciit of Kgypt, to quiet that tuiiiiilt:
he also sv'it an edict, ut the request of king
Agrippa and king Hero^, both to Alexandria and
to .''yria, whose cimtenti we re as follows: "Ti-
berins'Clandiua (y'a'aar ^ugustua Ocrnianicua,
high prieat, and tribuna of the (leople, ordnina
thus. Since I nlii assured that the Jews uf Alev
andrin, called Alexandrians, have been joint'in-
bubitunts in the earliest times with the Alexan-
drians, and Jiavs obtained from their kings eiiaal
privileges with Iheni, n)> is evident by the public
records., that are in their possessiun, and the
edicts themselves; and thiit after Alexandria
had been subjected to our empire by Augustus,
their rights imil privileges have been preserved
by thus? presidents who have at divers limes
been sent thither; and that lio dispute hnd been
raised about those rights and privileges, even
wJien Aquila wiis governor of Alexanirriil; and
that wIhmi the Jewish ethimroh waa dead, 4l!g>'s-
tus did iiut prohibit the making such cthnarchs,
as willing that all men should be so subject j^tu
the ltoinans,J,nH to contiiMMi in the observation
of their own customs, and n<)t be forced to trans-
gress the ani'ient rules cjf their own country reli-
gion; but that, in the time of Cains, the Alexan-
drians became insolent towards th<! Jews that
were among thcni, which Cuius, out of his great
madness and want of good underslaiidiiig, redu-
ced the nation of the Jews very low, liecause
they would not transgress the religious worshiii
of their country, and call him a god. I will,
therefore, that the nation of the Jews be not ile-
priveil of their rights and privileges, on account
of the iliadness ol Cuius; but that tlioso rights
and privile'gcs which they formerly enjoyed, be'
preserved to thcni, and tliat they may continue
in their own customs. And I charge both parties
to take very great care that no I roubles may
arise after the promulgation of this edict."
3. And auch were the contents of this edict on
behalf of the Jews that were sent (o Alexandria.
But the edict that was scut into the other parts
of the habitable earth was this ivliich follows:
" Tiberius Claudius Cwsar Augustus Germani-
ci;s, high priest, tribune of the |ieople, chosen
consul the second time, ordains thus. Upon the
petition of king Agrippa and king Herod, who
are persons very dear to me, that i would grant
the same rights and privileges should be pre-
served to the Jews which arc in all the KoUian
empire, which I have granted to those of Alex-
anffria, 1 very willing comply therewith; and
this grant I make jn«tinly for the sake of the
r-titioncrs, but as judging those Jeivs for whom
hare been petitioned worthy of such a favor,
on account of their fidelity and friendship tu the
•This form wn» so known and frequent limoiit the
Romans, as Dr. Hudson liere Mie us, ffoin the ureal iSel-
den, that it used to lie tliuM represented at tljelnttom of
llieircdiclaliytlie initial letters only, V. D.P. R. L.P.
Vnde De Piano Rede Legi Poaait, •' Wlicnce it may
plainly lie read from theKround."
f Jo»eplina slinws holli here aiul rli. vii. scrt. 3. that
he had a mucii greater opinion ot kiiii; Acrippa I. than
Simon the learned llahhi, than the people of C»3;irea
■nd Hebasle, cliap. vii. sect. I, and chap. jx. sect. 1, and
Indeed than his double dealing between the senate and
Romans. I think it alio very juat that no (ire-
eiao rily should be deprived of auch right* mil
privilegea, since they were preaerved tu rhtm
umfer the great Augiittua. It will, therefore, ba
fit 111 permit the Jews, who are in all the world
under us, to keep their ancient customs, without
bring hindered ^o to do. And 1 do charge them
alao to uaethia my kindness to them with mode-
ration, and not to show a contempt of the aupcr-
•titinua ubservanres of other nations, but to keep
their own laws only. And I will that thit decree
of mine be en^rnvetl on tablis by the magis-
trates of the oitiia and coloniea, iind municipal
places, both those within Italy, and those with-
out itv both kiiiga and eovernora, by the means
of the ambassuuiirs, uikT to have them eMiosrd
to the. public for full thirty days, in such a place,*
whence it may plaiftly ^e read from the ground."
CIIAI'. VI.
ff hat things were done hy Agrippa at Jtrusa- ■
Urn, when hr Kas.retumed hack into Jiideir; fnd
tohat it was that I'tlronius wrote to theinhabit-
antsof Doris,in hchalfofthe JtwSx
5 1, NtJW Claudius CVsur, by these drrreesof
his which were seut tii Alexnndriii, and to all the
habitable earth, iiiaile known what opiiiinu ho
had of the Jews. Su he anon sent Agrippa away
to take his kingdom, now he was udvanreH to a
more illustrious dignity than before, and sent let-
tirstci the presidents and procurators of llie pro-
vinces, that they should treat him very kindly.
Acriwdiiigly he retiimeil in haste, us was likely
he would, now he returned in sii much greater
iiros|ierily than he had before. He ;ilsu runie to
erusnleiy, and oflereil nil the. sacrifices that be-
longed to him, and oiiiillei! nolhingf nlurh the
law required; on which account, he unl:iined that
iiiuiiy of the IS'azurites shuiild have their heads
shorn. And for the golden chain which hnd been
given hlin by ('uiirs, of equal weight with that
Iron chain wherewith his royal hanils had been
bound, he hung it uji within llie limits of the
temple, over the treasury,) that it might be a me-
lilorial of the severe fate he had lain under, and a
testimony of his cliange for the better; that it
might be a demonstration hovy the griatest pros-
perity may have a fall, and that (iod sometimes
raises up whift is fallen down: for this chain,
thus dedicated, nllorded a document to nil men.
tliat king Agrippu had been oiice bound in achain,
for a small cause, but recovered his former dig-
nity again; and n little while afterward got out
of his bonds, and was advanced to be a more il-
lustrious king than he was before. ^Vheure men
may understaiid that all that parluke uf human
nature, how great soever they are, may I'all;
and that those that fall iiiay gain their i'arinei'
illustrious dignity ngnin.
2. And when Agrimia had entirely finished all
the duties of the divine, wunihip, he removed
Tlieophilus, the son of Ananus, ttuni the high
priesthood, and bestowed tlitit honur of his on
minion the son of i'loi^thus, whose nume was also
Cantheras, whose daughter king Herod nu'jrried,
ns I hare related above. Simon, therefore, hud
the [high] priesthood with his brcth^n, and With
his itttlier. In like m^huenas the sons of Simon,
the son of Onias, wlio were tlireej had it I'oniierly
under the governmint-of the 'Macedonians, ns wc
have related in a furmer book.
Claudius, rhap. iv. sort. ?, Ilinn Ills slaughter of James,
llic brother of Jolm, and his imprisonment of I'eler, iit
his Viiinfilariuus bebaviur liefure lie died, liuth in Act*
xii. 1, 3, ;<, .ind licre, rhap. iv. sect^], will Justify or al-
low. Josephiis's character waa probably taken rroiu
bissOn, A«rippa,juii.
Thi^tre.-Kiire rhmnlif r seems In hnirn lni.n flu.
-t:
very
to the land of Canaan ori
ring-pl.ice of Abel, and re
35; Luke zi. 51. SeeA*
same in wliirli our ."Saviour taught, and wiiere Ihcjieo
pic offered their charity money for the repairs or other
usea of the temple. Mark xii. 41, tM,\ Luke xxlL 1;
John viii. i-'U.
-^01
ANTiQUITlES or THE JEWS.
3. W lien tlie kin|i( had •rttlrd the lii;;li prirvl-
.'lunil ofti-r till* inaiiiicr, lie rKlunicil tliu kiiidiirin
wliirh lliu inhnUitanta ol' Jri-uiali'iu liad tliotv-
cd liiiii; (ur lie riliOiK'd thciii Croiii tiio tax upon
liou*i>ii tvny oiiv u( ivlioin niiid it In lori-.thinkinc
it a f(0(Ht ' thin;; lu requite the triidcr iillictioiia ui
thoae tliul loved liiiii. lie uUo made Silaa the |i;e-
ncral ol hia forcea, who wna a iiiiiii who had p^ir-
ihkeii with liiiii inniuiiyoriiistroulilea. lint alter
II very little wliile, the }oini|; men of Boria pre-
I'erring H riiah attempt liefuie piety, and he'in^
naturally bold and iiiholcnt, carried a atntuc ol
• Ca'aar into a syniiH;"(;ne of tlie Jews, uml erected
it there, 'riiin I'nicediinv of theira ((reutly Jlro-
voked Aj^rippii; iur it plainly tended to the dia^u-
lution ol the l;itva of lii.i country. So he came
Vvit'liout delay to I'tliliua I'etroniua, who waa then
preaidcnt of Syriii, atid accuaed the people of Uo-
rio. J^oriti'l he Icon reaent what tvua done than
did A(;rippa; for he Judged it n piece of impiety
to trunsgrciia tlie. Inwa tliot regulate the artioha
of men. So he wrote tlie folloniii); letter Irt the j brother that is pure from all ajn iigiiinat Goi
people of Doria in art nngry atrain: '■ I'ubliua I'c- of nil oll'eiicea a^iinat thyself; I reconinieni
Uoniua, the pri-aldent luider'i'iberiu* Claudius
fJn'sar Au)<;iiatiia (>ernianiciia, to the inagjatratea
of Doi'ia, uitlaina aa followa: Since Bonie Of you
have hud the bolilueas, oi madneaa rather, after
the edict of f 'hiiidiiia Ca'tar Auijiistua (ierinaiii-
ru!t waa published fur perinittin;; the Jewa to ob-
serve the lawa of their country, not to obey the
aiime, but h;ive acted inentireoppoaition thereto, CHAP. VII.
as foidiiddiii^ the Jewa to assemble together iu
the ayniifto^iie, by removing Cteaar'a statue, and
aetting'it ii|i lhi:i'ein, and thereby have otitnded
4. Thua did I'ftronlua Ink'C care of tlii* mailer
that aneh a breach of the law iiiieht be rurrect-
ci|, and that no audi thing might be nitrmiiled
afterward against Ihe Jewa. And now king
Agrippa took the [high | priesthooil away froiii
Simon Cantheraa, Uh<l put Jonathan, Ihe anu of
Ananua, into it again, and owned that he waa
more worthy of that dignity than the other. Hut
tbia wna not a thing jicceplable to him, to^ recover
that hia former dignity. So he refused it, ami
aaiil, "O king! 1 lejoice in the honor that thoi
haat for me, and lak'i: it kindly that thou wouldat
give me auch a dignity of thy own ijiclinatioini,
although (iod hath judged that 1 am not at all
worthy of the high priesthood. I am aalislivd
with having once put on the aacred gariiieiita;
for 1 then put them on after n more holy inamier,
than I aliould now receive them again. |5ut, if
thou deaireat that a person more worthy than my-
self ahoiiKI have this honorable employment,
give me leave to name thee audi u one. 1 huveu
" ' ' ■ '" I, and
nd hint
to thee, ua oiie"that ia lit liir this dignity." So
the king waa plenaed with these worda of hia,
and passed by Jonathan, and, nccordinj; to hia
brother's desire, bestowed the high priesthood
upon iMatthiai. Aor was it long before Marcus
succeeded I'etroniua an president of Syria.
not Only tlu' Jeivs, but the einpororhiuiself, whose
statue IS more couuiiodions^ placed in his own
temple than in a foreign one, where is the place
of assenilding together; while- it is but n part of
natural ju>li(c, that every one shoidd have the
iiower over the place bilougiug peculiarly to
iheniaelves, hccording to the deteriiiiiiation of
Cieaar; to say nothin^^of my own delerndnation,
which it would be ridiculous to lucniiou after the
einperor"a edict, which gives the Jeivs leave to
inaKc use of their owii customs, as also gives or-
der, that they enjoy equally the right* of citizcna
with the Civeeks themselves. I therefori! ordain,
that Proculus Vilclius, the centurion, bring those
men to me, who, contrary to Augustus's edict,
irnve been so insolent as to do this thiiig.at which
those very men, who iippWnr to be of principal
re|)Utation among them, have an iiulignatioii also,
and allege for thenmelves, tllat it was not done
with their consent, but by the violence of the niol-
titode, that they might give an iiccouut of what
hath b»;eii done. 1 nUo'exhort the principal ma-
gistrates amiiii;; them, unli ss they have a mind
to have this actiuii estepnied to.be done with their
consent, to infonn the cehturiiMi of tho.se that
were guilly of it, and take care that lio handle be
thence tal,en fw raising; n sedition or quarrel
among them ; which those si!ein to me to hunt after
who euc()ura;^e such doings; while bolji I myself
and king Agrippa, for whom I have the highest
honor, have nothing more under our i:are, than
that the nation of the Jews liiay have no oeea-
lion given them of getting together under the
pretence of avenging thirinsclves, and become
tumultuous. And thaj it may he more publicly
ki.oun what Augustus hnth resolved about this
whole matter, 1 have subjoined those cdictswhich
lie hath lately caused to be published at Alexan-
dria, and which, althou<fh they jii.-iy be well
known to all, yet did Agrippa. for whom I have
the higheat honor, read tueiii at that time be-
fore my tribunal, and pleailed that the Jews
ought not to be deprived of those rights which
Augustus had «;ranted them. I therelure charge
yo u , that yoii d o not , for th e time t o c o i i ic , t e ek
Concerning Sitns, nnd on what account it vnt
that King Jlgrilifit was luif^ry nt him. //oio
Agripva began to f ncoHiymjj Jeriisalemwith a
tVall; ttjid wliat Jienejita he bestowed on the In-
habitants of lierytiii.
}1. JVoW Silas, the general of the king's horse.
bei:nuse he had been faithful to him under alf
his misfortunes, and had never refused to be a
jmrtaker with hiiii in any of his dangers, but hail
oftentimes undergone the most huiaidous daii-
f;er3 for him, waa full of assurance, and thought
le might expect a sort <jf equality with the king,
on account of the lirinness of the friendship lie
hud shown to him. Accordingly, he would no-
where let the king sit as his superior, and took .
the like liberty in speaking to hiui upon all oc-
casions; till lie became troublesome to the king,
when they were merry together, extolling him- '
self beyond measure, and lift putting the king in
mind (if the severity he had undergone, that ho
might,, by way of ostentation, ilcnionstiiite what
zeal he had showed in his service; and waa cun-
tinually harping upon this 9trin°r, yvhut pains he
had taken for hiin, and much enlarged still iipo;i
that subject. The repetition of this so fieqiieiitlv
seemed to reproach tlie king, insom.uch that he
took this ungovernable liberty of talking v<ry
ill at Ills hands. l''or the coniinemorotion ol
times when men *>"""' '^^'f " under ignominy, is
by no means agreeable to them; and lie iaa very
sdly man,' who Is perpetually relating to n ner-
son. what kindness lie hath done him. At last,
therefore, Silas ha<l so thoroughly pi'dvokeil the
king's indignation, that he acted rather out tu'
passion than good consideration, anddidnolonU
turn Silas out of his place, ns general of hit
horse, but sent him in bonils into iiis own coun-
try. Uut the eclge of hisroiiger wore oil' by
length of tiiiie, and made rouin for more just
reasoninga as to Ilia jud<^'iiicnt about this. man.
and he consi<leied how iiinhy labors he had un-
dergone for his sake. ,,So when Agrip)ia wai
solemnizing his birlliday, and he gave festival
entertainments to all his subjects, he sent for Si-
las on the sudden to be his gui st. But as he
was a very frank man, he tholight he had. now a
just handle given him to lie angry : which In
\\:
•fl
ii-
I'i
:!"■■
i ;; ■
,- ..J
for any occasion of sedition or disturbance, but
that every one be allowed to follow their own
religious customs." ■ .
could not conceal from those that came to hiin,
but tiaid to them, " What honor is this the
king invites me to. which I Conclude will soon be
?.'1
BOOK XIX.— CHAP. VIII.
i. care of (lii« niAltcr
iw iiiiRht \)c nirrict-
iiiiKi'' l"' aUriiiiilotI
K. Aiitt liuw king
ifxtliduil utvay fruin
'uitHllinn, lliv ma iif
owiird tllHt he WBH
Ihnii tli« ulhcr. Hut
lU' tuhiiii, lo>riC()v«!r
i lif rc'luw'il il, hikI
llii: honor tlint then
\y that thuu woiildiit
liy own ijicliniilioini,
tlinl 1 am not Bt hII
jinl. I uiii liBtiiiliFil
ic murril f^ariiuiiti;
II iiiorv holy iiiiiiiiit'r,
htm u|;nin. |iut, if
u>re wui'tliy UiHii iiiy-
uriible I'liiploy nunt,
such u out. Ihuvtii
•ill iigu'inst GihI , uml
I'; 1 rvruiiimciul liini
)r tliia iliguily." So
thuc woril« of lin,
)tl, nrcoriliiij; to his
tilt' high pnratlioutl
lung litiurc Murcui
iilent of Syria.
11.
what ncrnnnt it vm
ini;ry at him. Haw
ujj JerusalemKilha
he bestowed on the In-
il of tilt kiiip's iiorsf ,
fill to liiiii midtr air
.'vtr rofuM'cl to be ir
UU iluii^trs but h:iii
iiioitt htixni'ilous ilaii-
hurance, ami thou);lit
luality with the kiiigi
of the fritu(l!ihi|i |io
liiigly, li« ivouM na-
i'lA Huptrior, uiul took .
to hiui upon nil oc-
jblt.Honie to tlit kinj;,
I'thtr, extolling him- '
ft putting the king in
il uiKltrgone, that liu
)U, ilcmoiiiitriite what
I'vice; and ivaa tun-
tiin°r, yvhut pain* hi-
h cmargcd still upo,]
11 of this so fitijiiv.iitly
ig, iii$oiii.uch tliat ho.
trly of talking vtry ^
• coniinemoratiun of
under ignoiuiiiy, ii
lein; and lie is a very
lly relating to a nir-
<lonc biin. At last,
•ouglily pi'iivoktd tlic
atttd rather out \ii
ition, and did not only
2,' as general of hi«
s into liis own rouii-
taii'^er wore oil' by
room for nioro just
lent about this man.
y labors he had un-
when Agripjia w:ii
and he gave ftstiviil
ijects, he sent for Si-
is gui St. But as he
dioUght he had now a
IB angry: which lie
n
uftrl forltiit king hath not 1^1 nip keep thoae
uriKJoal iiiiirku of the guo<l-will I bore him,
which 1 nnee had from him; but he hath plunder-^
ed me, and that unjuitly alio. Doct he think,
that I tan leave n|f tnat nberty of s|ieei'h, which,
U|ion the eonnciouineii of my deierti, I iihall uie
mor<: loudly than before, anil thall relate how
many misfortunes I have delivired him rmni;
how many labors I have undergone fur him,
whereby I procureil hiindeliveriinccand reiipect;
u< a rewnnf foi* which I have borne the hardships
of lionils and a dark prison. I shall never forget
this usage. Nay, ntrha|u<, my very soul, when
il is departed out oi the body, will not forgef the
gloriiHis actions I did on his account." This was
the clamor he made, and he ordered the mes-
sengers to tell it tu the kin|^. So he perceived
that Silas was incurable in his folly i and (till suf.
fered him to lie in prison.
2. At for the walls of Jerusalem, that were ad-
joining to the new city [llezelha,] he repaired
them at the expense of the public, ond built them
wider in breadth, and higher in altitiidei and he
had made Iheiu too strong fur all human power
to dwnolish, unless Marcus, the then president of
Syria, had by letter informed Claudius Ca?snr of
woat he was doing. And when Claudius hud
tame suspicion of attempts for innovation, he
sent to Agrippu to leave olT the building of those
walls presently. So he obeyed ; at liot thinking
it proiicr to contradict Claudius.
3. Now, this king was by nature very benefi-
cent, and liberal in his gifts, and very ambitious
to oblige people with such large donations; and
he .made niniself very illustrious by the maOT
chargeable presents ho made them. He took
delignt in giving, and rejoiced in living with
good reputation. He was not at nil like that He-
rod who reigned before bim; for that Herod Wat
ill-natured and severe in h'l liunishmcnts, and
had no mercy on tbein that he bated ; and every
one perceived that he wai more friendly to the
(ircelit than to the Jewt; for he adorned foreign
v-itics with large presents in money; with build-
ing th«ni batlii and theatres besides; nay, in
some of those placet he erected teinples, and
porticos in others; butahe did not vouchsafe to
rais'e one of the least edifices in any Jevrisfi city,
or make thepi any donation that wui worth nien^
tloning. But AgriiMia's temper tvas mild, and
ec^ually liberal to all men. He was humane to
fareigners, and made them sensible o^his libe-
■ rality. He was in like manner nither of a gen-
tle aiid compassionate temper. Accordingly he
loyid to live continually at Jerusuh-iii, and. was
riactly- careful in the observance of the laws of
/bis coujiitb-. He titerefure kept himself entirely
/ pure;.;-^ir!'uid any day pass over his head without
/ Its ^ppoliitiM sacrifice.
i 4. However, there was « certain man of the
i JewMi nation at Jerusalem. Who apnearcd to be
\ very accurate, in the knowledge of the law. His
< name was Simon. This inan got together an
\ assembly, while the king was absent at Cie^a-
\ rea, aifdhad the insolence to accuse him as not
\ living holily. and that he might justly be exclu-
\ ded out ofthe temple, since it belonged only to
yiative JHf»: But the general of Agrippa's
'army informed him, that Simon had made such
i tpcecb to the people. So the king sent for
lin^; and, us he was sitting in the theatre, he
■ oadi>-liiui sit dow i by him, and said tohiin with
a low aVtrt-Kif-ntle voice, "What is there done in
this place that' it. cojitrary to the' law." But be
had nothing to saVfiir fiimtelf, but begged bit
pardon. So the king was more easily reconciled
to hini, than one cquld have imagined, as esteem-
ing mildness a better quality in H king than an-
ger, and knowing that ino'deration is more be-
coniing in great men than passion. So he made
-■ ^ '^ ■"■ "^" *""'! UagHI01I.\ oo nc
Simon a small present and dismissed hinir
Si Now, at Agrippa was a great linilder in
many places, he paid a peculiar regard to the
people of lierylut; for htrrected a theatre for
them, tu|icriiir to many other of that tort, both is
sunipluousnrtt and eWgancr. as also an amphi-
theatre built at vast eiixinses; and besides theta,
he built Iheiii baths anil jiorticoct, and s|>ared for
no cost in any of hit edifices to render them both
handsome and large. He also sjicnl a great deal
upon their dedication, and eibihilrd shosrt upon
them, and bnjught thither inuticiani of all tortt,
and luch at made the nioit delightful niutic of
the greateit variety. He alto sliuwrd his magni-
ficence u|)on the theatre, in his greiit number of
gladiators; and there it was that he exhibited
the teveral antagonists, in order to please the
spectators; no Itwtr iiideeil Ihaii seven hundred
men to fight with seven hundred other men,* and
allotted all the malerartors he had for this eter-
cis4', that ttoth the malefnctort might receive their
nuniabinent, and that this operation of war might
be a recreation in peace. And Ihui were tbete
criniinali all destroyed at once.
CHA1>. VIII.
WVatothtrActt were done by Agrivpa until hi*
/ Death: anda/ter what manner he died,
, { 1. Whbn Agrippii had finished what I have
above related at llerytus, he removed to Tibe-
rias, a city uf Galilee.. Mow he was In great
esteem among other kings. Accordingly, there
eaine to him Antiochus, king of Coiiimagena,
SaUipsigeramus, king of Kiiiesa, and Cotysi who
was king of the Lesser Arinenja, and I'plemo,
who was king of I'ontut, at also tler»d his bro-
ther, who was king of Chalcit. All these, he
treated with agreeable entertainments, and after
an obliging uiauncr, and to at to exhibit the great-
ntst of his mind, and to appear worthy of thote
respects which the kings paid to him, by coming
thus to see him. However, while these kiiigi
staid with hiiu, Marcus, the president of Syria,
came thither. So the king, in order to preterva
that respect that was due to the Romans, Went .
out ofthe city to meet him, at far as seven fur-
longs. But this proved to be the beginning of a
dillercnce between him and Marcus; for he took
with him In his chariot thote other kingt at bit
assessors. But Marcus had a suspicion what the
nwanin^ could be of so great a friendibip of
these kings one with another, and did not loiuk
to close an agreement of to many potentates to
be for^thc interest of the Koinaiit. He therefore
sent some of his domestics to every one of thetp,
and enjoined them to go their wiiys home vvitb-
out further delay. This was reiy ill taken by
Agrippa, who after that became his eneniy. And
now fie took the high priesthood aWay from Mat-
thias, and niadc Klioneus, the ton of Cuniherai,
high priest in his stead.
%. Now when Agrippa had reigned threeycari
over all Jildea, he came to the city Cletarea,
which wBf formerly called Strato's Tower; and
thtre he exhibited' shows in honor of Ca'sar,
upon his being infonncil that tberc was n certain
festival celebrated to make vowi for hit aafety.
At which festival a great multitude was gotten
together of the principal persons, and such as
were of dignity through his prownce. On the
second day of which snows he put on a garment
made wholly of silver, and of a contexture truly
wonderful, and came into the theatre early in the
morning; at which time the silver of his garment
being illuminated by the fresh reflection ofthe
tun's rays upon it, shone out after a surprising
inaDner, and was so ri splendent as to spread a
horror over ibose that looked intently upon' him;
and presently his flatterers cried out, one from
one place, and another from another, (though not
for nis good,) that "he was a god;" ami they
adiletl, '• h«. ttinii nifriifiil In ii«. f"' although TT«
le that cume to biin,
at honor is this the
Conclude will soon be
* A strange niiinlwr of condemned criminals to lieuB.
der sentence of death at once; no fewer, it wenu, thus
1400.
_,:^,
390
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
--f|..
hkr* hitKtrto raTcranced th<e only h aiiiin,y«t
(hall we h«PCtlorth oirn (h«e ai lupcrior to
noful nature.''' Upon thii th« kin^ iliil nvilhiT
rebuki' them, nor reject lh«ir iiii|ii(>u« ttMWry.
But a» lie jireiviitly afterwiinl looked i||>, he luw
•n owl** aittiitfr on ■ certain rope over hii head,
and iniinediately understood that this bird was
(be meneuger of ill tidin)(a, aa it had once been
tb< DitHenger of good tidliiga to him; and ftll
, into the deepeit aorrow. A leTere pain alao
arote, iu hi) belly, and began in a nioit violent
uiunii«r. .rdle therefore looked upon hi* friendi,
and laiU, " I whom yc call it god, am command'
ed presently to depart thii life; while I'rovi-
denCe thua reprovei the lying Wonia yo|t iuat
now aaid to uii'; and I, who waa by yoiT rnilid
immortal, Bfli iMiinediate,y to oe tiurried awuy by
death, |iut t &m bound to accept of what Hrovi-
dence alloti, at it uleuaei God; for we have by
no roeaiia lived ill, but in a splendid and happy
manner." When he hnd aaid this, hia pain waa
become, violent. Accordingly, be was carried
into the palace, and the rjimor went abroad
every where, that he would certainly die in a
little time. Bui the multitude jiresently sat in
■ackcloth, with their wives ami children, aftei.
the law of their country, and besought Qod for
the king's recovery. All plncra were nUn fullof
mourninir and lanumtation. Now the king rented
in< a high chamber, ajid as he saw them ^elow
lying prostrate pn the ground, he could n^ him-
self forbear weening. Anil when he httd bfcn
auite worn out bv the pain in hia belly for five
aya, be departeif thia life, being iiy the fifty-
fourth year of his a^e, ami in the s/ve'nth year
of bis reign; for he feigned fourA'cars under
Cains Ctcaar, three of them were .over I'hilip'a
tetrarchy only, and on the fourth be had that of
Herod added to it, and he reigned; beaidea thoae,
three years under the reigh uf tiaudius Cn'sar.
In which time he reigned over ihe foremention-
•d countries, and also h^d Judain added to them,
M well as Samaria and Ceeaareai The revenues
that he received out of them^ere very great, no
less than twelve millions of arachnim.f Yet did
lie borrow great sums from others; for he was so
very lihernr that his expenses exceeded his in-
come, ami hii generosity was boundle^a.)
3. liut befiirc the multitude were made nc-
quainted (vith Agflppa'a bring expired, Herod
, tne king of Chalcis, and Hejciiis, the master of
bis horse^and the king's friend, sdnt Ariato, one
I of the king's moat faithful servants, and slew Si-
r las, who had been their enemy, as if it bad been
done by the king's own command;
■ . - - ' i^
*'We have a minhty cry made here liy somo critlcs.as
If 4he prent Kiiwlilua ligd on purpose futsifinl this ac-
'count of jo8Cphiin, so as lo make it iigree witli tlic par-
allel account in the Acta of the Apostlpa; lierausn I he pre-
sent copieHof liincilntion of it, lliat. Kcclea. h. ii. ch. x
omit the wortlii oc'ftswvd — it, o-xo'viow Tifs^.i. c. im
not — on a certain rope, wliicli Joacplms'^ present copies
retain, .md only liiive tlieexiilniuiioey'Woril«»i'iov^r
angel, iis if Me ninnnt tlint nne'lof Ihr Lard whirh
Luke nientionaiiiiBmilinE Ueroil, Arts \ii, % aiiirl
that owl wtiich Jonepliua rnllud a ii an fret, or mestenger
ftrmerliiiif good, b»t note of bad ntwa,\okv\\ifVi. Tliis
accusation in a soincwlint strange one in llio Caac ofthc
grnat Kuscliilis, wlio is known to linve so arrurately and
nillitully proiluci'd a vast nunilicr of oilier iini^iciit re-
rorda, and partirularly nota ff^woutofoar Joscphusal-
so, witliuut any aiiaplcion ofprcvariralion. Now, not to
atlenu bow iiiircrtain we are, wlictlirr Joacpliua's and
Eu^cIi)iib'!1 ropica of the fourtli rcntury were jnat like
the pi'esent ill this clauw, wliirli wc have no distinct
Cvideiiue of, tite following wor4ta, prcsprvod still in Eu-
aeliius, wiH not adinitof any auch exposition. "This
[bird] (aays Kiiaeliiiis,) Airrippa prcscnily jierccivcd to
DC the en use of ill fortiiiie, ns il was onco nf good for-
tune to hini;" wliirh'can only liclon^ to tliat hinl the
»»l, which, as it had formerly forcliodcd Ills happy
deliverance from imprisonment, /vnilq. Ii. xviii. ciinp.
jTl. sect 7; so wiiB it then foretold to prove afterward
the unhappy forerunner of his death in Ave days' linif.
ti the improper word itnov or eaiisr, be changed for
CHAP. IX.
WKal thinri were dont afUr tht Dtalhtff Jirrir-
fa; and hate ClauJivi, on nccmml nflktt onlk
and Unikilfiilntu i^Agrifpajunior, sent (.'ms-
piui t'adui to be Frocuralor of Jiidia,ani of
thi eniirt Kingdom, v
{1. And thus did king Agrippa depart thii
'life. 'But he left behind liim a ion, Agrippa hy
name, a youth in the trvenleenth year of hii
age, and three daughtrrar one of whom, llcr-
nice Was married to Herod, his father^ brother,
and was sixteen years old; the othei'^wii, M^-
riamhe and Uruailln, were atill virgins; the for-
mer was ten veara old, and Drusllla atx. Sum
theae hia daughters were tllus eapouaed by their
father, Mariamne to Julius Archelaus Kpiplianea, .
tlie Bot( of Antiochus. the son of ChelciHa, and
Druailla to the king of Coihinagena. But wfirn
it was known that Agripiia waadejiartrd thli lilV,
the inbaliitaiita of Cuiaarea and ol Sebuate forgot
the, kindneaaea he had bestowed on them, and arli:il
tM pBft of the bitterest enemies; for they cail
adch reproaches upon the deceased as were not
lil to be spoken of; and so many of them as wrrr
then soldiers, which were a ^reat number, went
to his honae, and hastily carried off the atatueiU
of thia king's daughters, and all at once rurrioil
them into tne brothel houses, and, when they had
set them on the tops of thoae houaea, they ahii-
aed theni to the utnioat of their power, a lid did
such things to tlicm as are too indecent to be re-
lated. Tney also laid themaelvea down in publir
placea, ami celebrated general feastinga, with
garlands on their heads, and with ofntiiienis and
libations to Charon, anil drinking to one another
for joy that the king was expired. Nny, they
wer^ not only unmindful of Agrippa, who had
extended' k" librralilv to theni .in abundance,
but of hia grandfather Herod also, wl)o had him-
self rebuilt their cities, and had raised them ha-
vens and temples at vast expense^,
2. Now Agrippa, the son of the deceatf ' waa
at Rome, and Drought up with ClaOdiQa Ca^ir.
And when Ciesar was informed that A^'rippa
Was dfead, and that the inhabitants of Scbusle
and C[eaar><a had abused hini,.he waa sorry for the
first iiflwa, and was displeaaed with the ingrnti-
tide of those cities. lie wan therefore diapoicd
to send Agrippa iun'ior away presently to succeed
hjia father in the'kingdom, tind was unwilling to
cpnfirin him in it by his oath. But those freed-
inen and friends of his, iXWo had the greatest an-
thority with him, diaauadcd hiitt from it, and said
tnat " it waa a dangerous experiment to permit
Jnaephns's proper word liyyiKiii angel ot mt'triigtr,
Oiiid the foregoing words ieui'«»»— <*> crx""-** +•>=•,
bb inserted, EiisehiiiaV text will truly represent that
in JosephuB. Ilsd this imperfnrllon been in snnic
ijealhcn aiitlior. Hint was in cood esteem w*tL> <>'"
jodctn crilirs, tliey would have readily rorrorieil
t|ieae, as barely errors in the copies; but being iiijan aH'
uU.£hristian wrilcr, not so well relished hy niaiiy of
lese cfitirs, nothing will serve but tlic ill'groundcd 8U|i<
tioBfil of wilful corruption and prerarieation. ;
I ! t Thia sum of 12,0IHI.UtH)drachniie, which is eqiinlo -
XOiK),(KM) shekels, i. c. at So. IIM. a alieKel eitiial lo
' £'>25,UUU sterling, was Agrlppn tlie Great's yearly ill'
I rbme, or alHiiit three <|iinricrsof Ills grandratiicrllerntl's
I jtiroinc; he having abated the ta\ upon liousea at Jcra'
I ^Icfn, ch.vi.scrt.3, and wasnolsoiyrKnnicalasMetnil
I had liccn to tlie Jews. Bee the noteon .Antiq. b. xvii.
I ch. xi. sect. -I. A large sum this! hut not, it seeni-i,suf
ficicnt for hiaextrnvnennt expensea.
I i } Rclaiid lakes notice here, not iiiiproperly, tlint Jost'
I phusoniilB the recnnriliatiun of this Herod Asrippa 10
theTyrians and Sidnnians. by tlie iricansof ithisliisiliti
king'schanibcrlnln.incniioned Acts xii. fill. .\or is there
any history in theworMsorpniplctcastooinitnatliin;'^
' that tither historians take notice of, unless the one b«
1 taken out of t)ie other nnd accoiiunodated to it.
•j
II rnotius, WHO inoile an extract out ot this aerilun,
' says, they were not the statues or images, hut the Iniliea
tlicniselves, which were thus basely abused by the sol'
I diera. Cod. ccxxxvi^i.
T tht'Diath Iff JirHf-
\ ttccmmt nf Iht Vontk
•iypajunior, $ent (.'m<-
ator of Juiita, and of
i; Agri|)pB ilepnrl ihii
lim u noil, A|>;ri|i|in hy
cnleenth yeiir <il hit
oiie of whom, lltT'
, hit rntherli brndirr,
; Ilia olhei'^wii, Mi^.
ilill vinriiii; th« for-
ul Drutllla aix. ^iuw
Ilia eipnuivd l>y tlirir
Arch«|iiu« Kpiplian«i, .
•on of Chcli'iHi, Hnd
liiliagcna. But whrn
wmmlpjiArtpil thii IjlV,
mill of Si-baite forgot
wed on thviii, Hnd iirlcj
nonii<«; for Ibry call
dcceaied «• were not
many of thrm «* wrrr
a ^wat nunibe'f, wrnt
irried off the »tRtues|j
and all at oiice rurrloil
CD, and, when tlicy hnd
loie hous«a, they ahu-
their power, aiid did
too indecent tu be tt-
niielvea dimn in publir
neral feaotinf^, with
nd with ofntnienta and
rinking to one another
expired. Nay, they
of Agrippa, who hail
thcni ,in abundance,
od alao, wl)o had hini-
d had raised them h»-
tpensr^,
in of the deceaff ' «-a<
1 with ClaOdiQs C'u ^-ir.
ifornied that A^'rippa
ihabitaiita of Sibuste
ni.he wna aorry for the
aaed with the ingrati-
wan therefore diapgstd
>y presently to succeed
hnd waa unwilling to
ith. But those freed-
1^ had the greatest an-
d hiht from it, and said
experiment to permit
I Vo» dngtl or mtttriigf,
will trnly represent that
perfnrllon lipcn in snnic
II cood ealerin lyitli out
have readily rorrwitil
ropiea; liut licini: iiijnn an-
well rcliHiied hy many of
c hut tlie ill (!roundcd8u|i<
i prenarieario.n. ;
aflinim, which is eqimlin ~
>. iOd. a slieKel ei)ii.il lo
|ia the Great's yearly iii-
oriiisKrandrnther llerotl'.-i
tax upon liouses at Jem-
nolsniyrhnnicnlnH llcrnil
he nofeon Aniiq. h. xvii.
his! hut not, it seeriiii, suf
penscs,
not iiiiprnperly, that Jose-
or this Herod Asrippalo
f the iricanH of lllaKlus lli<!
d Aotsjii.ao. Noristlicre
miplcte, as tooniit notiiiii!!'^
Dtirc of, unless the one Iw
roiiiiiiudnted to it.
u
in Uripi n kingdom to come under the goTern-
nieni iil so very yuunjr • ipnn, and one hardly
yet arrived at yeai'i nl discretion, who wiiulil not
be aide to take lUliicirnt rare nf its administra-
tion; ivliile the weight i>( a kiiijcilom i» heavy
•niiiiKh to a crown man." So Cu-sar thiiuvht
wliat they s:iiii lo be reaaonalile. Accordingur^
he lent Guspius Kadus to be procurator ofJudnt.
■ml of the entire kingdom; uml paid that rea|iect
to the deceased, as not to inlroiluro Mnrcua,whp
had been at variance with him, into hla kiii|;doin.
But he deleniiinedj ill the tint place, to aeiid or-
dera to Kadus, that he should chastise the inhabit-
ants of (.'leinrea and Sebaste tor those aliuaea
they had ollered tu hint- tliat wan diceased, anxl
thrir iiiailneis towards his daughters that were
should remove that bo<ly
BOOK XIX.-CHaP. IX. 807
nf sol iliers that w«ra «t CffMrra and Sobnala,
with I ho live n-Kiiii«nts, jutu I'liutus, that Ihajr
mightido Iheir iiiititary duly there, And tliat ba
ahould rhiiose an ei|Hal number of soldiers nut of
the KiiniHii leKlons ihat were in Syria, tu slippir
their plate. Vi t wire nut thuit: lliiit bud sucn
unlers actually rtiiioved ; lor l>^ sending ninbaa-
aadura to Gliiudius, Ihey iiiollitied him, and got
leave to abide in Judea atill; ami theae were tha
very men that became the soun;e of very grMt
calamities to the Jpws in after times, anil soirtd
the seeds of that Har which began under Kliiraa«
whence it was, that when Vespasiau had subdued
tha country, he removed them out of his pro-
vinca, ai well as we shall relala hirealter.*
*Thii histoiy ianow wantinf.
BOOK XX.
CONTAlNINfl THE INTLEVAl, OP tWkNTY-TWO YBARa.-rROM FADU8 THB
PROCURATOR. TO FLORUS. „
'i:.i.
xtrnct out of thiS serllon,
PS or images, hut the ladies
basely abused by the sol-
CH
A Setlitionv/the i'hilaJtlfihianiagainti IhtJewi ;
anJ (lijo conctrning Iht Kttlmeiilnifllte High
. I'rU-il.
} 1. Upon the Henth of kjiig Agrippn, which,
we have related in th«. Ibn'gOiing bunk, L'laudiua'
Cwsar sent Ciisaius'M.ongHijis as successor tq
Marcus, out of regarcf^ tjie meiiiory of king I
Agrippa, who had often ilcHireil of biiii by let-
ters, while be was nllve, that lie would not sutler
Marcus to be any longer president of Syria. But
Fadus, as soon as he was come procurator into
Judea, found quarrelsome doings between the
Jews that dwelt in Herea. and the peoiile of Phi-
ladelphia, about their borders, at a vilhige culled
Mia, that was lilleil with men of » warlike tem-
per; for the Jews of I'erea Had taken up arms
without the Consent of their principal men, and
had destroved mniiy of the t'hila'lelphians. —
When Kaifus was informed of tlii.i procedure,
it provoked him very much that they had nut
left the determination ol the nmlter to him, if
they thought that llie Chilailelphiaiis had done
them any wrong, but had rashly taken Up arms
against them. So he seized upon three of their
principal men, who were also Ihe causes of this
sedition, and ordered them to be bound, and
afterward had one of thcin elaiii, whose name
was Hannibal, and he banisheft the other two,
Amram and Kleazar. 'I'holomy also, the arch-
robber, was, after some lime, liruugbt to him
bound, and slain, but not till he hiid done a world
of mischief lo Iduiiiea nlid the Arabians. And
indeed, from that lime, Judea was cleared of
robberies by the care and providence of KaduS.
He also at {his time sent for the high priesta and
the principal citizens of Jerusalem, and this at
the command of the emperor, and admonished
them, that they alioiild lay up the Ibng gariiient,
^ and the sacred vestments, which it is customary
fornobody but the high priest to wear, in the
tower of Anlonia, that it might be under the
power of tiie ituiiianl, as it had been formerly.
Now the Jews diirst not contradict what he
aaid, but deaired Kadua, however, and Loneinua,
(which last was coma to Jeruifalem, and bad
brought a {[reat anny with binh ont of a fear that
the [rigidViniunctions of Fadua afaould force the
Jews to rebef,) that they might, in the first place,
have leave to send aiiibassadora to Ciesar, to pe-
tition hihi that they may have the holy vestments
■ n d er t h eir Own power , and that , in th a n e xt
give them their soiis as pledgea [f<ir their peace-
able behavior. J Ami when they hail agreed ao
lo do, and had );lven the pledges they desired,
the ambassadori, were sent accordingly. But
when, upon their cuining to Kume, Agrippa
junior, the sun of the deceased, understood the
reason why they came, (for be dwelt with Clau-
dius Ciesnr, as w^ said before,) he besought Cf -
aar ID grant the Jews their request about the
holy restmeiits, and to send a meiasnge tu Kadus
accordingly.
. 2. Hereupon Claudius called for the aitibaaia-
dors, and told them, that "he granted their re-
quest;" and bade theiu to returii their thanka lo
AgrippB for thisi'avor which had, been bestowed
on them upon this entreaty. And besides theae
answers of his, he sent the followiiig letter by
them: "Claudius Ciesar (iernianicua, tribuiie of
the. people the fifth time, and designed coniul
the fourth time, and imiieratur the tenth timCi
the father of Ills country, to the ningistraleai
senate anil people, and the wlu>le nation of the
Jews, semleth greeting. Uppn the iiresenlation
of your niiibHssiidor's to me by Agrippa, rajr-.
friend, whom 1 have brought up, and have now
with me, and who is a person of very great piety,
who are come to give ine thanks for the care t
have taken of your nation, and to entreat me, in
an earnest and obliging manner, that they may
have the hul;^ vestments, with the crown be-
longing to them, under their power; I grant their
request, as tliat excellent person Vitelfiua, who ii
very dear to me, hnd dune before me. And I
have complied with j^our deaire, in Ihe lirst place,
out of regard to that piety which I profess, and
because I would have every one wuTship God
according to the laws of their bvvn country; fiid
this I do also because I shiUlliert'by highly gra-
tify king Herod, and; Agrippn junior, whose sa-
cred regards to me, and earliest good-will to you,
I am w^ll acquninti'd with, and with whom I
have the greatest friendship, and whom I highly
esteem, and look on as persona of the liest
character. IS'ow I have written about thcie af-
fairs to Cuspius Kadus, my procurator. The
names of those that brpugUt me your lcttei< arc,
Corneliua the son of Cero, 'i'rypho the son of '.
.Theudio, Uorotjieus the son of Nathaniel, and
John the aon of John. Tfaiai'ivaa dated belbrA
the fourth of the kalends Of July, when Kufk
and Pompeius Sylvaiiua were ciqaiila." ,
3. Herod aUu, the brother of the deceased
Agrippa,"' who wa s th e n - po aa c a acd of th a r oyal
eya
authority over Chalcis, petitioned Claudius C»
sar for the authoritv over the temple, and the
money of the sacreil treasure, and tlie choice of
the high ||Sriests, and obtained 'allthat he peti-
placei they would tarry till they knew what an-
swer Claudius would give to. that, their request.
So they replied, that they would give them leave
to aei)d their anibussadort, provided they would
\
tm
ANTIQUITIEfl OP T1IK JEWS.
I*
t'f
k
V
lion«d for. So thit (Itar th«l (ime thimulhortly
ronimucd* ■nion|[*ll hl>(l«tr«niliinU Ii4l Ihn rml
of lh« w*r, Ai'conlinEly, lltrod r«iiinvii«l Ihti
I ii«l hi|[h prifit.cilUil Canthcrm, •ml brttnwfil
. t dignity oh hia tvcccfior Jntcph, lh« (no uf
Cainui.
CHAP. II
Hov Hilinm, Ih* Quttn o/JlJiahttu, imdhtrion
hale$,tmhraeitfthtJiV)itk Rktiirioniand how
HiUna$ufflUdtht poor uiilk Cam, vhtnlhtre
MM a gnat fam%n$ at Jtnuattm.
) 1. About l)iii time it wmi that llelrnii,qariin
of Adiabciiv, and hct ton Itattx, chanKcil lhi*ir
. tpum of lir«, and ambrnced th« jcwith rimtomii,
and thia nil thn nrrnaion UiWnw'ing: MonuliHiun,
the king of Adinlirne, who had aim) thr nRnii.- of
Buteui, d'll in love with hi* tiiter Kilinn, and
took her to be hi* wiCr, and hogat hrr withrhihi.
But aa hp waa in bvd with h«r one night, hr Inid
bii hand upon hi» wife'i belly, and r»ll ailecp,
and K'Pmed to hear a voire, which bade him tnkc
hii hand off hi* wifc'i belly, and not hurt the in-
fant that waa Ihrrrin, which, by (iod'a pro-
Tidence, woulij be aAfeIr horn, and' havp a happy
end. Thia vulc^ put him into diKorder; no he
awaked immediately, and told the story to hii>
wife; and when hii ton win born, he cafltd him
liatca. tie had iriilrril Mi<noba7,lii, hia i'l<|er
brother, Uy lleli^nn, ulao, u» he lind other fiona
by other wive> beaidea. Yet did he openly place
all hia aflertiona oil thii his only brgottcn-f son'
Itatca, which was the orlKin of that envy, while
on thia account they hated hitii more and more,
and were all under rreat afltiction that their fa-
ther shoufd prefer Izales before nil them. Now
although their father was very sensible of the«e
their pasaions, yet did he forgive them, as not
indulging those passions out of an ill diii|)osition,
but out of a desire each of them had to be be-
loved by their father. However, he sent Iialea
with many prrsen^ to Abennerig, the king of
Cbarax-Spasini, and that out of the ^reat dread
he was in about hirti, test he should conie to srime
misfortune by the hatred his brethren bore hi<n;
and be committed bin son's preservation to him.
Upon which Abennerig gladly received the yoMn<(
man, and had a great aflection for him, and luar-
ried hint to his own daughter, .whose name was
Samacha: he also bestowed a country upon him,
from which he received large revenues.
2. But when Monobaius was grown old, and
■aw that he had but a little lime to live, he had
a mind to come to the sight of his son before he
died. So he sent for him, and embraced him
after the most afli'Ctionate manner, and bestowed
on him the country called Carrie; it was a soil
(hat bare amomuin in great plenty: there are
also in it the remains of tl|Rt ark, wherein it is
related that Noah escaped the deluge, and where
, tiiey are still shown to such as are desirous to
see them. t Accordingly, Izntes abode in that
country until his father's death. IStjt the very
day that Monobaius died, queen Helena sent for
all the grandees, and' governors of the kingdom,
tnd for those thai had the armies committed to
their commiind; and when they were come, she
made the fullowing speech to theiii: "I believe
you are not unacquainted that my husband was
desirous Iiatea ahould succeed him in the go-
vernment, \ and thought bini worthy so to do.
However, finit your determination ; for happy
is be who receives a kingdsni not from a single
person only, but from the willing sutfrages of a
great many." This she said in order to try those
^ Hera la soma error In the copies, or mistake in Jose-
phua; fitrthe power of nppointtna lilub prieMa, after He
--etrnt ■ • •
l o d khig o f (; l i»ltls WBB JeiiJ, ami Ag il ppa J i i i ilur waa
Aade kuc of Chalets In hia rooin, lieloniied to btm, and
ke exercised tlie aamo all alonx tilt Jerusalem waa de-
stroyed, lis Joaephua elsewhere Infornis us, cb. vlii. sect,
tl, 1l.eh.ix serl. 1,4.0.7.
t Joaephu* here uses the word luttjritit, an only tigtl-
that were invited, and to discover their senli.
nients. Upon the h«arin|r of which, thity trst of
alt paid their honian to the qutrn, as their ciis-
tiini was, and thtii ihry said that "they ronlirm-
rd life king's clrtrrminaliiin and would •ulilnji In
it; nrfil lliey rrjoired that isatea's father had
Iirel'erred him tii fore the rest of hia brethren, aa
leing agneabtr Id alt their wishes: but that they
were desinius firnt of all to stay his brethren and
kinnmen, that so the government might coma h-
rurety tu liates; because if they were onrn de-
stroyed all that fear would be over which might
arise from their hatred and envy to him." Me-
lena replied to this, that "she returned thrn
her tnaliks for their kindness to herself, and to
Itntifs; imt desired that they would however
defer the execution of this slaughter of Itntn's
brethren till be should be there himself, and v»9
his approbation to it." So, since these men had
hVft prevailed with her when they advised her to
slay them, they exhorted her at least to keep
them in boiiil* tilt he should come, and that for
their own security; they also gave her coururl
to set up sonie one whom she should put the
gre:iles( trust in, ns a governor of the kiii|;iloni
■ in the mean time. So queen Helena cniiiplitil
with this cniinaet of theirs, and set up Moiiuha-
. ins, the ekiest son, to be king, and put the dia-
dem iijiiiii his licifil, and gave him b>s fnther's
ring, with its nignet; lis also the ornament which
they call Sanipser, and exhorted him to adminis-
ter the..BA^irs of the kinkdom till bis Imiihsr
should come ; who came sltd^nly upon hearing
that his father was di ad, and succeeded his bro-
ther Moirobnzus, who resiglied up the govera-
nient to him.
3. Now, during the lime Iiates nbodo'at Cha-
rax-Spasini, a certain Jewish nicrcbant, whoie
haiiie was Ananias, got among the women that
belonged t<> the king, aiul taught them to wor-
ship tiod arciirding to the Jewish religion, lit,
moreover, by their means, became knonn to-
Ii»tcs, nml 'persuqded bim in like manner to
embrace that religion: be also, at the earnest
entreaty of Iiates, acronipanieil him when he
was sent for by his father to come to Adiabene;
it also hnppene^l that Helena, about the same
time, wiis instructed by a certain other Jew, and
wetot over to them. Rut when Izates liad takan
the kingdom',- and was come to Adiabene, and
there saw bis brethren and otiicr kinsmen in
bonds, he was.displensed at it; and as he thought
it an instance of impiety either to slay or in; pri-
son them, but still thought it a haiardous thing
for to let thein have iheii^liberty with the remem-
brance of thcinjuries that had been olTcred them,
he sent some of them and their children for hos-
tages,4o Rome, to Claudius Caesar, and sent the
Otheti; tg Artabanus, the king of Parthia, with
the like intentions. ^^"^ •"
4. And when he jierceived that bis mother was
highly pleased with the Jewish customs, be made
haste to change, and to embrace them entirely;
and, as be supposed that he could not be tho- ,
roughly a Jew unless he were circumcised, he
was ready to have it done. But, when iiis mother
understood wK<(t he Was a|^ut, she endeavored
to hinder him from doing it, and said to bim, that
"this tlUng would bring bim into danger, an((
that, as he was a king, he would thereby bring
himself into f;reat odium among his subjects,
'when they abouM understand that he was so fond
of rites tuat sfere to ,tbem ati^ange and foreign;
and that they would never bear to be ruled over
by a Jew." Thi.4 it was that she said to bim, and -
ten son, for no ether than one tett htlevet, as does both
the Old and New Te-tament, I mean where there wort
1
\
one or mure aoiia liesides, Gen. xxU. it, Heb. xl. j?. t<ctf~
the note on b. i. ch. xili. aeet. I. '
tit Is very reinarkahle, that the remain* of Noab'i
ark were believed to he still in beian In the dnya of Joe*.
phiif. Bcf tbeaoteonb.i.ch. iil.aect.5.
^
I
book; xx.-chap hi.
300
iliMof*r (heir unii.
of whH-h, Ihitir Ant of
ic (lUtni. *• (heir ciii-
id trint " Ihfy rntiArm-
n iiml nroiild tiiliinil lo
at lulrt'i fullxr hiul
Ml of hia hrrthnii, u
wiihri: hut thiit thfj
> •)•} hii brethren and
nnirlit nii|(ht coma ■«-
if thry WIT* onr« lic-
it b« orrr which miirlit
id rnvjr In him." llr-
"aha raturnt'd Ihrn
nraa to hrracif, and lo
Ihry would howrvcr
• alaufhlrr of linlra'i
there liiinacir, bhiI ijiva
, ainCe Iheac men had
en they adviard hir to
her ■( leiut In keep
ild com*, nnd that for
alao ipivi! her rounarl
1 ahe should put lh«
rrnor of the kiui;(loni
jeen Helena roiiiplied
'a, and aet up Munuha-
kin);, nnd put thf dia-
f^nve him hia fnlher'i
«) the oriiauicnt tvliiih
liorted him to adniinii-
{rdnni tilt hia Imiihar
and^nty upon hearing
ind aucceeded hia bra-
igtied up the goviT*-
B Intea nbodia'it Chi-
vlah merchant, whoH
non^ the women that
taught them to wor-
Jewiih religion, lie,
la, liccnme knnnn to
im in lika manner to
le atao, at the earn^it
ipanied him when he
to come to Adiabcne;
elenn, about the name
"ertain other Jew, and
when Izatea had taken
ime to Adinbene, and
ind otiicr kinamen in
t It; andaa he thought
ither to atay or imnri-
!it it a haiardoua thing
iberty witli the renieA-
hiid been oflcred them,
Iheir children for hoa*
a Cieaar, and aent the
king of Parthia, with
ed that bia mother vni
wiah ruatoma, be made
iibrace them entirety;
he could not be tho- .
were circumriaed, he
But, when hia mother '
B^ut, ahe endeavored
t, and aaid to him, that
him into danerr, »a<\
would thereby bring
n amonf hia subjerla,
nd that he was ao fond
atirange and foreign;
r bear to be ruled over
It she aaid to him, and '
best ttlttvei, B» doea both
I mean where there wort
.llU. 8 ,HtB.II.1 7 . Sw
it the remain* of Noah'a
Iwlni In the dnyi of Jo**-
.iii.aecl.S.
fcr the pNaant Mranatlml him lO forbfar And
whan he had related what ah* tm\ aaid to AM-
■iaa, ho ciinlrmed what hia niolher had aaid,
•Ml whan h« had aim thrcalrneil In leave hiiu,
anieaa U* complied with hhu, he went away
from him, and inid, Ihat "he wi.« afrai<l trat
aut:h an action liein|( unca niaile public to all, he
ihould himaelf be in danger of puniahnienl, for
having been the occaaion of it, and having been
the king'a inalrurter in artiona thai were of ilt
npntalion ; and he anid, that he might worahip
Clod without beinir rircumcirrd, evrn though he
did reaotve to billow the Jewiah law entirety,
athich worahip of UmI wat of a auperlor nature
to cirruniciaion, lie added, that ()a<l would (cir-
gire him, though he did not; perform the opera-
tion, wliil* it waa omitted nut of nereaaity, and
for ji';u' of hia aubjecla." So the king at that
thiie 'complied with theafi nerauaaiont ol Ananiaa.
Hut afterward, aa lie had not quite left off hia
dcaire of doing thia thing, a certain other Jew
that canie out of (jalilee, whoae name waa F.tra-
lar, and who waa calremed very akitCul in the
learning of hta country, pcrauadeil him to do the
thing; nr aa he rnli:r«d into hia pahic^t lo antule
hini, and found him reading the taw of Moai'i,
he aaid to him, ^'Thnudoat notconaider, O king!
that IhoU uiijually brrakeat the prinriput of llmne
lawa, and art injuriouato Cod hiniacif, [by omit-
ting to be circumciaedj] for tliou ougUlrat not
only to read thrin, but chirlty In practiae what
they cnj^^in thee. How long wilt tboii continue
«ncircuniciaed? Rut, if lliuu haat not yet read
iti* taw about riminu-ialon, nnd dual not know
how great impiety Ihou art guitly of by neelect'
ing it, read \l now." When tlie king had heard
■it* bar leave In go Ihithar i upon which h* pvf
hit eonaeni lo what aba dealreil very willinglyi
and made great prrparationa fur her itiamiMtoa,
and gave ner a great deal of money, ami aha
went down to the rily of Jeruaalrni, her ton ron-
ducling her on her journey a great way. Now
bar Cuming waa of vrry great ailvanlage to ill*
people of Jeruantriu, for wherraa a famine did
oppreaa them al llial lime, and ninny |>eople died
fur want of what wnt nrreaaary lo prnrure food
withal, <|ueen Hrlina lent aOnie of hrr aervahtt
to Alaiandrl^ with inonev to buy a great quanti-
ty of com, and othen of ineni to Cyproa, lo bring
a cargo of dried figi. Anil na aoon aa they wtr«
come bark, and hud limughl thoae nroviaioha,
which Waa done vrry ipiiikly, ahe diatnbuled
food to thoae that were in want of il, and left an
eacellrnt memorial behind her of thia brnefar-
lion, which aha bralowed on our whole nation.
And when her aon hatea waa informed of Ihil
laminpi he aent great aiinia of money lo the priii-
cipni men in Jeruantvm. However, what favor*
Ihia king nnd niiern confermi Upon our city of
Jeruaalem, ahall be further rrluted hereafter.f;^
CIIAI'. III.
IfoieArlabanu; Iht Kinfc o/Parlhin, ohI i/ Piar
o/lhtiecrttContrivimritifhiMtul'jectiafcauul
him, went lo Itnlts, and was hy htm rtinilaU4
in hi$ Ooveniminl; a$uhn ^oiit ItarJanti, hi$
Son, Jtnottncedlf^ar ajraiml Itatti.
} I. But now Arlabnliu»,ltingof thaParthiana,
perceiving lhat tho governora of the province*
had framed a plot Hgnin^t him, did |)0t think it
aiil'e for hiiu to continue among Ihem. but reaolved
what he aaid, he dclnycd tho_t!iiuffj>o..4o«geer- ■ j<»g»l» l»»l«s^i» l^« of fiiHliiig Mni«.way for
but retired to anothtu^-ronmi nnd aent fur a anr-
reon, and did what he wna commnndeil to do.
He then aent fur tiia mother and Ananiaa, hia
tutor, and informed Ihcin that he had done llic
thing, upon which they were preacully alruck
with aatouiahmeiil hihI I'enr, and tluit io a great
degree, teat the thing ahoiitd be openly diacover-
cd and cenaured, aiul the king ah^util hainnt the
loaa of hia kingdom, while hia aubjecia would not
bear to be governed by a roan who waa an zentoua
in another religion; and leat they ahoutd tliem-
tclvea run aome hainrd, berauao Ihry would Iw
(uppoard the occaaion of hia ao doing. Mul it
waa God hiinactrwlio hindered what thcv feared
from taking effect; for he preaerved both Iialea
himaelf, and tiia aOoa, when they felt into iiiany
dangera, and procured their diiiverance when it
teemed lobe iinpoaaibte, and <lemon>itratrd there-
by, that the fruit of piety doea not (leriahtaa to
thoae that have regard lu him, ouil fit their faith
itpon him only.* But theac eventa we ahalt pe-
late hereafter. ~-
6. But aa to Helena, tho king'a mother, when
aheaawthat the nflaira of Izalea'a kingdom were
in peace, and lhat her aon wna n hnppy man, and
admired aniong all men, and even among loreign-
cra, by ttie raenna of God'a providence over him,
the had a mind to go to the city of Jeruanlrm, in
order lo worahip at that (empteof God which waa
to very fanioua among all men, nnd to ofler lier
Ibaolt-otTeringa there. So ahe dcaired her aon to
' * Joaephiiaia very full nnd expreaa In Iheae three rliap-
Itra. Hi. iv. and v. In obaerviuK bow carefiilly Divine
'Providcnre preaerved thin liate*, king of Adiafene and
hit aoM, while he did wliat ha thoufht wat hlahounden
diity, nolwllhitaiiding th« atroogett political motive* to
the contrary.
tThi*rarih«T aceoantof Ihebenefartlonaorizateaaiid
Helena to the Jeruaalem Jew*, which Joeephua here
' ivomlaea, la, I think, nowhere |ierformed hy him la hi*
prefcnt work*. But of thi* terrible famine iiaelf in Ju-
dea, lake Dr. HuJaon'a note here:— " Thl* (*aya ha) I*
hia preaerVBlioniiyhiamenna, and if ponible, for
hia return 10 liia own dominiona. So he cania to
liatea, and brought a ihouaaml of hia kindred
and aervnnta with him, and met him upon tlie
roiid, while he well knew Izatea, but Italea did
not know liini. When Artnbnnua ilood ii^r him,
nnd, in th* firat place, wor»hip|)od hini, accord-
ing to the •uatom, ho then aaid to him, ;'0 king!
do hot thou overlook me thy.aqrvant, nor do Iboa
prnwlly reject the auil I make thee: for, aa I am
rerluced to a low ealnte hy the change of fortune,
and of a king nip become a private iiiaQ, I aland
in nerd of thy aaai'lance. Have regard, there-
fore, unto the uncertainty of fortune; and eateein
the care.lhou ahalt take of me to be taken of thy-
aelf niao; for if I be ncglecled, and my aubject*
go off uhpunialK'd, many other aiibjeCIa wjJ14).e-
oome tho more inaolent lowarda other king* alaoi"
And thia apcrrh Artalianna made with teara in
hia eyet, and with a dejected countenance. Now
as anon ua Izdlea heard Artabaniia'a name, and
aavr lilm ataml aa a auppticant bcfo^« him, ha
leaped down from hia Iiorae immediately, and
aaid to him, " Take courage, O Jithg! nor be dit-
turbuil at thy present calamity, aa if it Were in-
curable; forthe change of thy tad condition ahall
be au(lden,<or thou anntt find ine to bii mora thy
friend and thy anaiatiint than thy bopet can pro-
miaethee; for I will either re-eatabliab tbee in
the kingdom of rnrlhin, or loae jiiy own."
2. When he hnd a^id thia. h« act Artabanii*
aenhue had anid n llitle nfterwani, f h. v. aeet. 8, thai
"Titierlna Aleiamler aurfeerfed Cuaplua Faduf a* pro-
curator," be Immediately aiilijoina, "That under IhiiM
proruratora there liiippeiicd u ureal famine In Judea "
Whence It ia plain that thia fainine continued for many
yeara, on arrount of ita duration under Iheee two proca-
rntore. Now Fadua waa not aeiil Into Judea till after
the death sfklnt AiErippa.i, e. lOwardathe latttrendof
the fourth year of CiRudiiia: ao lhat tbia hmiiM foretolll
by Aiahua, happened upon theSlh,Mh,and Ttb year*
Qf r laudina, aa aaya Vglealna on Ruaeb. II. li. Of thie
that faminftforetoldby Aiahua, Act* li. W, whkh hap-
fened when Claudiua wai Connil the fourth time; and
■01 that other which happened when Claudiu* wiacon-
■Dl the *econd time, and Cmlna waa hi* coUeaipie, aa
Bcallger *iiy* aponEuatbiu*,p.I74." Now when Jo-
^ . St .'
(kmine alao, and queen llelena'a aupplia*, and her
monument, ace Moaea Ciioronrhala, p. 144, I4!S, whereH
M ohaerved in the nptt*, that I'auaanla* mantlOM h«r
Bonumtntalto.
SK
'>%
■
MO
ANTIQUITIES or THK JKW8.
■poB M* borM. •nil Cullow*)) him on ||n), in hon-
or of ■ klnr If hum h« owned m Krvalur Ihiin him-
wtfi whiKh, wh«n Ariabanui mw, h« »m ««i7
iin«uy (I ll, mil (wura lijr hit |irr««nt (irtiin*
■u)l honor, th*l ha woul<l gn down Tmrn hit
nar««, unlcN ImIm would »l U|M)a hii horn
■nin, nnd gn brfiir* hliii. Sii haromplird with
hi> dnirr, aiid Innrd U|K)n hit \mtr : mKl wh«n
b« had bruutfhl hiiii Id hi» roj»t pi>l«:<', he
■howwl him all wrU of rM|Mcl, wh«ii Ihry nt
toKMhfr and h« favn htm the appar plara al
fatlivali alao, an r«KanlioK not hia prr»*nl rurlvnr,
hut hit Cornier diKuilv, and that ii|i<>n Ihii emu-
dcraliiin alio, (hat tbr chanKra of rurlunc arn
commoo to all man. Ha alto wrola to tha I^ir-
ihiant, to pariuada thani to racaira Artabanui
af^ain; and |ara Ihani hit riiht hand and hit
faith, that h« ihould fofK*! what wai pan and
dona, and that b« would uiidarlaka fur thit at a
niadialor bctwraii tliam. Now tha I'nrlhitni did
■Ot lhamt«t«at ral'uta to raccirr him again, but
niaadcd that it wai not now in Ihair |mwar to to
(loi bacauia thejr had coninilKcd the rovarninant
to another parion, who had aci-rptid of it, and
whoia nania WB%('iiMiauii)«, and lliaf thav n*>u
afraid Irit a rivil war thould arita on thit ac-
count. When Cinnaniui undantood their inlen-
tioni, h« wrote to Artabanui hiniHlf, for lie had
been brought up hy liini, and waa o( a 'iialura
rood and gi'iilla alao, and dcaireil him tonitcoii-
Idcnce in him, and to ronia and lake hia own
dominion* again. AccordinKlv Artahanua tmtlrd
bim, ami returned home; whan Cinnamua nii^t
biro, worthipped him, and tainted biin ai kinr,
and took the diadem olT hi* own head, and put it
on the brad of Arlabanut. •
3. And thue wat Artabanui reitored to hit
kingdom again bjr the meant of hatct, whrii he
baalott it bv the Rirani of the craudeet of the
kingdom. Nor Wat he unmindrulor tbr beneAtt
be bad coaferred upon him, but rewarded him
with Mioh honon at were of the ^rrntiat tattrm
among them ; for he gave him leave to wear hia
tiara upright,* and to deep upon a golden bed,
which are privilegea and roarki of bonor pecu-
liar to the kinn of rarthia. He alao cut olF a
large and fruitnil country front the king of Ar-
menia, and bellowed it ujKin him. The name of
the country ii Nliibia, wherein thn Miicvdoniana
bad formerly built that cilr which they called
Antioch of Mygdonin. And theie were the ho-
non that were paid Iiiitei by the king of the
Parthiani.
4. But in no long time Artabanua dird, . and
left hia kingdom to hia ion Uar.luiiciri. Now thia
Bardanet came to'Iiatea, nnd would have jwr-
; tuaded him to jolo him willi hia nriiiv, and to aa-
ii}lJiim-4w>4he war he wa> preparfii^ to moke
*ith the Romana, but bo could not prvviiil with
ibiro.* I'or'Iutet ao well knew the atreagth and
5aod fortune of the Koniana, tlint bo took llur-
anei toattemptwhat waaimpoaaibic to be done;
and having beiidet tent hia aona, five in n&niber,
and they bat youn^ alao, to learh B('<turatelT the
language of our nation, toKethur tvith''our learn-
lag, ai well at he had lent hit mother to wonhip
,at our temple, w I have aaid already, he waa the
'nore backward to a^Cortipiiancc; and reatrained
'jBardanea, telling hun perpetually of the great
'•tmiei and famou* actiona of the Roniun*, and
thought thereby to terrify him, and desired there-
' ^by to hinder bim (torn tnat expeditibm But the
'nrthian king wai provoked at thii hit beha-
vior, and denounced ^war immediately againit
Iiatci. Tet did he gain no advantage by thii
ynr, berauM God cut off all hit hopei therein;
for the Parthiani, perceiving Bardanei'i inten.-
tima ptfriahad by a plot made againit him, ■«<
Yulfifmuf, hi«l,nilhrr, aiicr<adt><rhiiu, wh<i nHn-
niirtail ittii itf hit pnivirn'ra lo two ol hit hn>
Ihrra by th« aaiiia lalbari that of tha M«(lra la
tha r|(lcr, Faconw, aqd Armenia to the yuunnr.
Tiridatai. ' a «
CHAP. IV.
Haw htitt leM ft(lna][«d fry kit etm Sukitr.lt, pM
~ fiad, %at JtUnrii
fmgkl mrmiHii »« IhfAn
lit, by iftt froa&tffet:of
peri
r~Eii]
^00, and bow he hail determined to make ntt
with the_ Rotoani, ilew bim, and gave hfi king-
tlom to hia brother Gotarxei. He alio in no long
•Thta privilege of wearing the tiara nprlght, or with
Iba Up of tbe cone erect, ll known to have been of old iih
}l. NuW wlipfi thaJlW'i brother. Monoliaiiii,
and hit other kind^pl||W h««r lialaa, liy hii
piety to (iod, wat hf^uiie grratly aalarniiil ht
all iiivn, thay alio had^ dcaira lo leave l|i|' rrl|.
gion of their country t°aiij to embrace the riutum
of the Jawa; but that art of thain waa diainvir-
ad l)y lialea'a auliirrU. Whrreupoo. Ilia Kran-
dart wrre iiiiirh ifiaidrnaaiK 4ind roulil nul nn-
laiii Ihrtr anger at thaiu: hut had au iulrmioo,
whan thay ihoohl Aud a. proper opportunity, u>
in%t'a puniihniaht Ujion Iheni. Acroriliii||l?,
thay wnitir lo Aliin, king: of tha Amblana, mid
projiiiiad liiiii ai't'iil ■iiiiia of nionay, if ha wmilii
fyan ax pailitioii agaioit Ihair king; nnil Ihrv
T nrimiited him, that oii the Ant oinrt ihrV
{Vieu'rt Ihair kiojf, lieciiuaa Ihey warp ilr>i.
. . <4. fviniah h)ni, lir reatun of the hatrid lir
had lb ihcir rrtif^intti wnrahip; Ihcn they olitivtil
theniaalvaa, hy onlht, to Iw fiiithl'ul to earh nllirr,
and deiirrd that he wouhl make liaali' in Ihit
deaign. 'i'hn king of Arabiit coiiiplird Willi Ihrir
dcaina, anil brought a firf'|l armv into the firlil,
and niarrhill aKUinut liMrs: and in thn hfi^iq.
nine of Ibi' firat I'liaet, nod liafura lbiy° ruiiii- tii_
n c)o«o filjhl, Ih.nc Krnnilaaj, aa If lliay hiiil a'
panic terror ii|iiin llicifi, All deterird Ikatra, ■■
thay hud agreed to do, nnd turning their Itiickl
upon their encinla*, ran away. Yet waa not lu.
tei ditniayeil at thii: but when he undrraluod
that llie gnindrea hiid l>elra}ed him, he iiNii k-
tired into hia CHinp, and made inquiry intbllhi
matter; and aa toon aa he kiirw wnatney win
that made thia conapimcy with the king of An-
bia, he cut olT Ihoae that were found guilty; and
renewing Ihe fiuhl on the nrxtday, he alew the
greatrat port othia aneinie*, and forced all Ihi
real to beliike thciiiarlvcH lo (light. He alio jlu^
lued their king,> ami drove him into a forlniai
called Araamua, and following on the aiege vi^A^
roualv, he took thul fortreaa. And when he 'had
plundered it of ull the jirey that wai in it, whirh
waa not aiiiHll, he returned U> Adial>cne ! yet iliil hi
not lake Abiu alive ; beciiii«0| when he found him-
aelf encompaaacd on every aide, he alew liiiioeIC •
2. Rut although the grundeeaof Adiubcne find
failed in their firat atleiiipt, aa being delivered up
by God into ihcir king'i liuiula, yet would lliey
not even then be quiet, but wrote again to Volo-
gaiwa, who waathin king of i'arlhia, nnd dvaired
that he would kill Izatns, nnd »et over f bom anme
other potentate, who should be of a Parthian faiiii-
Iv; for they aaid, that "they hated their own king
lor abrogating Ihe lawa of their forefather*, and
embracing Ibreign cuatoma." When the king of
Parthia heard thia, he boldly made war upon
Izatei; and at he had jutt pretence for thia ivar,
he lent to him, and demanded back thote honor
able privilege! which had been beatowcd on hiia
by hi<'fa(hcr, and threatened, ou hit refuaal, to
makiwarnponhim. Upon hearing of thia, lu-
tetwunndpraafimall trouble of mind, ai Ihiok-
iug it would be a reproach upon bim, to appear •
to reaign thoie privilegei that hkd been bellow-
ed upon him, out of cowardice; yet brcauae ha
knew, that though the king of Parthjii ahniilil ra.
.:i
ceivc back thoie bpnori, yet Would he not be
quiet, he re*olv«d to commit himaelf to God, hit
protector, in the preaent danger he wai in of hl(
culiar to (great) kinga, from Xenopbon aadotbtn,aiDi.
Uudion otaietvei here;
■'^^-
»rtii
nd him, ini
miwlA
iicrtadnl tliiii, wlm r<Hii'
Mr* III toil <>l hia hn
rj^ (hat of the Mntln to
Anuanla to tli* ]ruuii|tr,
I*. IV.
Ay Mi M*fi Suhjteti, futi
ArahiaMi atiilhota h*.
('■ broihcr, Monohuni,
III* hiMr lialn. hjr hw
Mi)> (rtally cilt^niiil hi
Hr»if» (o Icavr i[i|' tr\\.
if lu cnibncc the riutunn
of (hniri WM (lUriivir-
Whrr<!up<>iL Ihr Kran-
tfiK rfinil rnulil nul run-
II : hilt ha<] nil iiilrmiag,
I. proper opportunity, t*
)ri Ihrni. Airunliniilv,
If of thn Anililnni, and
1 1>( nionttir, if h« wcmlii
lltl llirir kiii|[; nnil Ihr?
lit nn Ihn flrat uinrl ihrV
liKniiiid Ihcy wpfp ilr<i.
n'Mun of thV hatrt'il lit
rihip; then they oliti»ti|
In- fiiithlul to i'*rh iillirr,
ulil iiinkr h«ili' ill Ihii
•liiit coiii|)lfi-cl with Ihrir
rf'|t ■rniv into (be (irlij,
lititf: and in thii lifKia-
iiij liefurv thiy ruiiii- ti,_
iili'i'J, HI if thrv hiiil a'
All (laitrtpd Intra, ■■
mil turning their biickl
iway. Yet ifaa not lu.
ut when ha unilrriiuoil
Ira} I'd him, hv hUii n-
I niadu innuiry intoWn
i« knew wna.tii»y win
y with the kin)^ of An-
wi'ra Ciiund guilty ; idiI
I nrxt day, hn ali'-w tin
lie*, and fbrred all llii
III llifi^ht. He alio pur-
nvr hiin into a liirlrcM
living on (he tirgf. \i%ay
eui And when he 'had
fy that wai in it, whirh
. to Adialicne! yetiliilht
■•0| when he found him-
K iiile, he ilew liiiiiKeiC -
undeeaof Ailiobcne litd
It, aa being delivered up
lunula, yet would lliejr
lit wrote again to Volu-
of I'arthia, and dcairtd
and act ovcrfhoni anma
Id be of a Parthian fanii-
ley hated (heir own kint
f their forefather*, and
a." When the king of
boldly made war upon
t pretence for thia inr,
ided back thoie honor
been beatowcd on hiii
sncd, ou hit refuaal, to
in hearing of thia, lu-
lubleof mind, ai tliiok-
^ upon biro, to appear •
that hkd b«en beatow-
irdicc; yet brcauie ht
g of Parthifa ihnuld re-
:
M
'I
llfo. mmI u h« aalrtmad him to Im hIa urinripal
•Miatant, ha Inlfuatad hia rhildran and hi* wi«a«
to a varip afrung forlraia, and la|d vp Ma corn is
hia riiailell, and a«t the hay and lht> graaa on tni.
And whan ha had Ihua iml Ihliigt Immlrraawall
•a hi! riiiilil, h« awail>il Ihe ciiiiiiii| of iha ana-
aiy. And whan iha king of I'arthia waa runia
with a grtat aniiy of Wootman and horaamaa,
Whit'h ha did iooaar Iban waa e«|Mi:led, (fur ha
ilianhed in great haale,) and had i-aal up a bank
at the rmar that iiartad Adiatwiia from Madia)
laatra alao pitcheil hia iiaiiip not far olf, having
with him ail Ihouaand horaeinan. Hut Ihera
caina a Hiaaaong^tr to laatea, aent by the King of
I'arthia, who tuhl him, ".huw large hia duiuiniuna
warp, aa rwuhing from' the rl»ar Kuphratea to
Harirta, and enuiuerated that kliig'a anbiecta: ha
alao lhr«i)lpn«il him, thai hn ahiiuld be puniahed,
aa a ^ll■ra<ln uiigral«<ful (o hia lonik; and aaiil, that
the (tod whom ha wurahippad could not ilaUfar
hiui out of (ha king'a haoda." When the tHrt-
•engir had driivrrrd thia hia mnaage, lialaa
rrpliiil, that "he knew tha king of Parthia'a
power w* iiiurh greater than hia own; but thai
ha knew alio, that (iud waa much mora powrrful
than all men." And when ha had returned thia
anawer, he betook hiniaelf lu make aapplicaliun
to (i(Hl,a and threw biinaclf upon the ground, and
fiut aahea ujion hia head, in tiialimony of hia con-
uaiiin. and f^ateil, together with hia wirea and
rhlldran. Then hii called upon <iod, ami aaid,
"O l,iird and Oorernor, if ( have not in v»in
BOOK IZ,~€HAP. V.
401
- .„,»...„,, ,, , ,,.<• uui in ran
cunimilled myaelf to thy goodneM, but havejuit
ly de(eriuined (hat thou only art (ha Lor/aUd
rrlncipal of all beiura, cuiiie now lo my aaaiat-
ance, and defend me (roiu my enemiea, nut only
en my own account, but un account of their inao-
knt beharlor with regaril to thy power, while
they have not feared lo lift up Iheir proiul and
arrogant longue againat thee." Thua did he I*,
nifjii ami bemoan himaelf, with teara in hiaeyaa;
whereupon (Iud heard hia prayer. And inima-
Uiately, that very night, Vofogaaea received let-
teri, the contenia of which ware theae, that n
great band of Duhic and Sacar, dcapialog him,
DOW be waa gone ao long a journey fnmi home,
had made anexp.dition, and laid I'nrlhia wnata-
•0 that he [waa forced to) niire back, wilhout
doing any thing. And thua it waa that hate*
ric«,M;d the thrratcniiig, of the Parlhiani, by
tbe providence of (iod. ' '
3. It waa not long ere Izatea died, when he
had completed fifty-five yeara of hia life, and had
{[Hi,* I I.' •""««*<"" «w*nly.four yeara. He left
behind him twenty-four aona and twenty-four
daughtera. However, he gave order that hii
brother Monobaiui should aucceed in the govern-
rtrnt. thereby rci|uiiiiig him, becauie. wliile he
■'■ T"? i"Tf n "•"""' ''■"" ""='■• '"""'er^a death, he
luil laithful y preaerved the goverMiiient for him.
^ul when Helena hia mother, heaH of her aon'.
diath, ahe waa in great heavincaa, at wot but
natural upon her loaa of aiich a moat dutiful aon-
vet waa it a comfort to hir. (ihat ahe heard the
•acceaaion came to her eldeat aon. Accordinciv
.he went to him in hnate. and when the waa comi
■ to Adiahene .he did not long outlive her Jon
liatoa. But Monobaiua lent her bonea, aa welt
a» thoie of hatea b.i brotbir, to Jeruhaleni, and
gave order that they ahould be buried atll.e pyr-
mimlat which their mother had erected; thev
Here three m number, and diatant no more than
tr»tT«11'„?!lu '!illf ■'"' I""'"!'. I"*! ''y Iaate.,with proa-
1 J" ?h^ • T^i ""'* ■"""■ "PO" nl' head, ara plain
Ibrm furtonga froni (ha city of Jaraaalam. Bat
f.ir (he acliuna of hlonobeiua the king, which IM
did daring tha real of hia life, wa will relate Ihaa
haraanart
CHAP. V.
C»«#ria<«(r n.aAif , aiul («< Hom </ Jit*M Iht
a»liUai%i a* at<it nhml ( ntamily ftU upon IA«
Jttinmlhtttm^Hf(h$l'muonr
\ I. Now It ram* lu giaaa, while Kadna wa*
prucuralur of Judaa, that a certain niagieiaa,
whoae name waa Thriidaa,|| |iriiuHdi'd a graal
|iar( of Ihe paiiiile In |,i|i« Iheir efliila with iTiriii,
and III follow him (ollie river Jonlan; for ha told
Iharo that he waa a proiihet, and that he wniild
br hii own command, divide Iha river, and affurii
Ihani an eaay paaaaga over it; and many war*
deluiUil by hia worda. However, Kadua did not
loriuit Ihrm lo make any advantage of hia wlhl
attempt, but arnt a troop of horHenirn oul againa<
them: who, falling unon them uneintctadU, alew^^
many of them, and timk many of them alive.^'^V^
Their alao took Thaudaa alive, and cut off hit \Y
head, and carried it to Jarulalem. Thia waa ^
what liefrll the Jewa in the lime of Cuiplua Kb-
dua'a governiiiant.
3. 'rhen came Tiberiua AlexarjIiT aa aucreta-
or to t'adui; he waa the aim of Aleiaiider tha
alab«n:h of Aleiandria, whii'h AlelainliT waa • -
!?■.'• ..J?'. ^": v. - "<"•' ■ ' ■ " ■ » < Ivor l i i . ? a» aS ; I ?'r'!lir.f,!!f.il*''!.t"'.:i?':f(".^ ""'V '■<'"■"' " f '"> »>
.,,., Mut ,.uitiiiiu«i HI inr rriigiiin oi iiia coun-
try. Hnder theae nroruriitora that great famine
hafipened in Judi a, in whirh i|ui en Helena bought
corn in KgypI, at a very grein iipenae, and ilb-
tribuled it to Ihoae that went in wirni, aa I hiiva
related alreadv. And beaide* Ihli, Ihe loni of
Judaa of (iaiilee were now aluiii ; I mean of that
Judaa who cauaad the |ieiiple jo n ™h, ivhnn Cy- ^
reniiia caifte lo take an account of the PHlnti-a of
the Jewa, aa we have ahowril in a forrgoln); book.
The namea of Ihoae aona were Jainea and S|iiK»n,
whom Aleiander commauilvd to be ciiiri;'-'*
1 ut now Haro.1, kingof Ohalria, removed Joaeph,'
the aon of Cani^dua, from the high prii >Aou<l,
and made AiiBiiiai, the aon of JVebedeiia, hii au«-
ceaaor. And now it waa lhat Cuninnua came u
lucceiior to Tiberiua Alexandirj ai aUu that
Heroi, brother of Agripim the great kinir, de-
parted t Ilia life, in the eighth year of the reign
ol Claudiui Cmiar. He left behind him thraa
•oni, Arlatobului, whom lie bad by hii flrat wife
with Heriiicianua and Hyrinniii, both whom he
had by Bernice, hia broth, r'a ilanghter. Dm
Claudiua Leaar beatowed hia duminiupa on Arrio-
pa junior. ° r
3. Now, while the Jewiali airnira were under
the adminiatrntion of Cmiiihimh. there hauncned
a great tumult at the . ily of Jeruaaleni, and
inany of the JewH periahed till rein. Ilul I ahall
firat explain the oil niton whence it wui derived.
When that feaat which n called Ihe I'na.nverwai
at hand, at which lime ounualoiii t» to iiie un-
leavened bread, ami a griulmultiluile wna gather-
ed together from all piirti lo Unit fi aal, Cumanua
waa afraid leat loiiie attempt of innovation ahould
then be made by them; »o he ordi red that one
regiment of the nrmy should (»ke their armi.
4nd stand in the t.mple iloisler*, to repreaa any
nttemnta of innovation, if nirthiiiice any auch
•hould begin: and thia «aa no more thafi what
nDl!,'' »■;•,""''»'' '"fe™ «" to Vnlcain.', nofeanpon thai
place. They are nlanineniionr-d by rauianloii, a. haS
1 Thia arcouni III i|Ow wnnliii'.'
IIThia Theiidaa. who nrme iim
wi- .. l,.r.;i .:Jv "'" • '- " ■ " * "" ■ • I" " l upii ll rall a n a
»<!rc liearil, and hnwoa nrovdcntiallvdoHvoredrrnnT 8«,i;rn;,:""j"" 'i;'" """""-•
Uwt imminent danger he waa (n. " """"'** '""» , J ^^ .''"''"'""• "''" "f"" ""'I'" Fn*ii the prornra-
.//d'KnTn^rJe;zt"i^.;^t^^^!:lsl^••''^ t^^^^'^^^'^^^^^!^^^X
yet Would he not ba
mit himielf to God, hii
longer he was in of hii
mopbonaadotlMri^uDi.
«n
ANTiauiTU» ot Till: jr.WH.
•t
tba r«rin*r prManton of Jmi— 4U\ M m«I» b«-
lifiU Itui •»! ih« r<iMr4h <I«|F »( «h« (•••), • t*t
Uln Mliilor l«l iMiH" l>)« l>r«»rhaa, ami oiMitxl
hU ft\iy maiiilHrrt lit «h« luulliluil*, «l>wh |miI
«hi)M thai Mn hiui Into • fuiiuui nf> ■"'' ■"**'■
Iham rrjr i>ul, thai Ihia iiiipluua anllo* «aa not
tloha lit »«i»r«««-h IhaiM. IhiI lloil himwUi n«r.
•nnia uf Ibain r»iirtmih»il rumaniia, aii.l pf»
taniUil that th« •«Wi»fw«a.»at im liv him, whieh,
wh*ii ruiiiaiiiM hvaril, ha wu alwi hmifU liOl ■
lull* pruvukail at tuch rrpriiai^haa lahl u|miii hlin )
«t<( ilkl ha athufi thani lu laata iitt iii^h muIiiiuu*
■llam|il«, anil iH>t lu nl— ■ luniull *l tha laMital
Rut whan h« lonlil nut inilura thrni to tia iiuixl,
for ihry tlill i»»nl mi in lln'ir rf|ir"i»' hn tu hiui,
ba lavtj iinUr thai lUt< whula ariiiy •hunbt lake
Ihair aolirv uriiiur, iml.t iiNia in Anlunia, whuih
ni« * <rirlr»M. »• •»• hnva Mlil alraailjr, whiih
ovarhttikril IliK Iriiii)!*; but wh«n ih* i>i<itlUii<l«
■*w thi< (uhliara tharr, th*Jf ware allrlnhti-il at
thaui, ami ran awnjr bMlUy i but'** Ibc |jauaK<ri
out wara but narruw, and M ibay Ihnughl thnr
•naniiaa fiilhiwiil ihani, ihajr war* trowtlrJ lu-
galhar tn thair lli|(hl, ami a (raal nunilHr wara
iiraair't luilaath in Ihaia narniw paaaaKrii nor
{it,lat<l nai Iha ituiiibar fawar than Iwanijf thou-
aami that |iariih<il in Ihii luniult. So, iiitlaodof
■ Uallvat, thajr hail at luat a inournrut day ul' ilj
■ml thay all uf Ihciii lurROt thair nrayar* and
., Mcrilkca, and iMluok th«niMl»*i lo laiiMiilalinii
■ml warpinKi •<> |r«at an afllirlion did Ibit iiii-
Hudcnl ubwcnauaatufa linKU loldMr br|ii| u|m>u
ibani.*
4. Now baron Ihit Ibair Ant motimini wai
e««r, anothar iiiiacbi«r bal'all thain aUo ; fur •ohm
«f ihoM that raiaail Ihit foraKoiiiK luniull, whtii
Ihry wrrx Iravrlliiit; alunK llir |iuldi<: n>«il, about
• buiidrvd I'urlonci from llir cily, rubbad Slrpha-
■ut, a acrvant of CViar, aa li« wat journryinK, '
■Mil plumlrt'cil him of all that ht Itad with him.
Widr.h thiuKr whan (^unianua li<.'ard uf, h« acnt
«oldiar«iniin«dial»lr,andgrilcrfdthaniloiilun()rr
the naiKhboriiiK villaf(cl, iflid to brine Iba liiutl
amincnl (Hnuut aniouK lliani in bonui to him.
Now, n« lbl» drvaiUttou wat makiiiKi onii of Ihr
loUlian teiitd Iba lawa of Moira that lay in one
of thoic villagn, and bruUKliI theui out bafura
tha ayca of all pmant, and torn Ihtni to |iici:aa)
and thii wai duns with n-iiroachlul lan|j;uajE«,
and much acurrilily. Whioli lliinRa w(»«!n Ilia
Jews heard of, tbiy ran logatliir, and that in
great numlMrit ami came down to Cir»an;a,
whero Cumaiiua than wa>, and lH:auuxhi hiiil
that he would avt'nK<', lint tltvuiulvei, but Uod
liimielf, whoac lawn bad barn aflronted ; for tliat
Ihry could iiol bcnr to live nny longer, if the
lawn of tirtir furefulhem iiiinl be uflrouled afte*
. tliia manner. ArcurdiiiEly, Cuinknui. out uf feur
lett tii« multitude ihuuld Ku into a sedition, and
by tbo iiilvice of bi» frimdii iiUo, look care tlwt
(he Kdilicr wlio had olU-rcd thn utfiuiit to the
lawt thould bo Ixhi adcil, uiid Ihtreliy |>iit a atop
to the ledition which wa» ready to be kindled a
■econd time.
CHAI'. VI.
.Wolff thtrt kapptntdaQuarrtl btttcttntht Jiwt
4nd the Saniaritam, and hop Claudiutpvt an
Enitothtirt>ifftrtnct:
{ 1. Now thcTe aroie a quarrel between the
Sauiaritani ami tlio Jewa, on the orcaiion follow-
-■-■ ing: it w«» the cualom of the tialileana, when
they came to the holy city at the feitivala, to
• ThU, and many more lumulla ami •eilllloin. whlrh
Bioan al llio JcwikIi liHtlvalu, in Joaepliua, Mliiatrule Ihe
' rautlous proicdurcofilK' Ji^wisli aovernon, when ihey
K,lll.M»ll.xivi.5. ■ ..-. .-^..- '..-.
take ibalr Jouraay Ibroof b the eounlry of iha
Namarilana;^ and al Ibla lima Ibara lay. m
\\w roiul Ih.y look, a »illa|a Ihal waa ralM
llinaa. whl< h !»»» »llu*lad In tb* hnilla <i( Ha
maria and tha fraat plat*. «^ra fartam (wrioaa
Iharalu balunnlnf lou|ihl wilh lh« llaliUaiia. ana
kilUd a |ra«l many ul lh»m Hul. whan Iha
utiiulfial ol Iha llablaana waia infurmad ul what
bad liarn dona, Ihay /awe l.i Cumanua. and da
airetl bini to a»a»|a tha aiurilar uf tboaa Ihal
war* killed; but b« w** lml«<:*d by Iba Maniari
tana, with muna». to ilu nnibiilf In lb* nialUr
uiNin whifli Iha (lalilaaiia wara much diaplranil
and |wrauad»d lb* mullHudr ul lb« Jawa li. Iif.
laka ibaniaaUaa to arnia, ami to r*«*m Uiair ll-
barly, aayliig, that "alavary waa in Itaalf a l.ill.r
Ihinir, but inal, whan il waa Joined with dim I
injuriaa, it waa jwrfartly lulularabU." An.1 wh.a
Ihrir itriiinpal man »ndfla»urad lu |,>*rtly llmn.
and promiard lu amiaavur lu parauade tiiiiw
uui lu *»«n«a thuae Ihal warakillad, thay woukl
nut hearken to Iham, but look lb«irw»«p<iin.aBd
antraalad Ihe aiaiatanra of Klaaiar. Iba a.iit ol
Dinrua. a robber, who h*il many »a»ri niada hia
abwla in Ihe muunlaina, with wbirh aaaialama
they pluiiderrd many »ill*«»a of Ih* Hainaritaaa
Whan t.'uinanua baaril of Ibla action ol thaira,
b* took tb* band of NatMata, with four r«((lHiiaU
offuiilnu n, and armed the Saniarilana. and uianh-
ad uut aKnluat Ihe Jewa. and «au({hl lham. awl
•law many <d Ibeui, and look a ureal nunilHfof
ll|rm alive; wh*r*u|*»n Ihoae that were Ih' imxt
eminent persona al Jerusalem, aidl that b<ilh m
reKsrd lu Ihe retiiect Ihal waa paid Ihem, and lh»
ruiuiliaa Ihey were of, as aoon »a ihey ai«w lu what
a heiKhl llduna were Ijoni', put on aai'ktliHh, awl
hi aiM ll aaliea ii|)oii Ibetr lieada, ami 1)J all |Ma«i-
ble meana bisuunht the aediUciua, and |>« riu«J»a
them that they would se| bef.ire iHkir ey< » the
utter aubverslun «f their rountry, the conllsgrs-
lion of their temple, and Ihe slavery of tliaui
atlves. Ibeir wins, and tbildien.t whii:h wihiIiI
b* III* ronae((uences of what tliey w*r* doiin.
and would alUr their niinds, would caat aw..
their weapons, and for the future bo f|uirt, aiul
return tu their own homes. 'I'heae porsuaaiimaiil
theira prevaileil upon th.m. So the |)eoplo ilii-
pirard Ihemlelves, and ihe robljera went awa)
HKain to their places of strenf[th; and after Ibra
tuna idl Judea was ovirrun wt*b roblieries.
2. Hul lb* 'principal of the Samaritans went to
Uniniidius Quadratus, the preaident of Svrin,--
who at that time was at Tyre, and accused lh«
Jewa of aellliig their villaxes on ttt, and plun-
dering Ibem; ami said withal, that "they w»re
nut so lUUih disulensed at what Ihey had suffrrfil, ■
as Ihey were at the contempt thereby shown io
the Uomttiw; while, if they bad received soy
injury, thc-v ought to have made them Ihe juriKfi
of whnt lusil been done, and not presently tu iiiakr
such devastation, as If their had not Ihe Roinsm
for their governors i on which account they tsiui-
to him, in order to obuin the veiigeaure Ihi v
wanted." This was the aMUsation which iho
Salnariianr brohght against the Jews. Hut llif
Jews aflirmed, that tha Samaritans were Ihf
authors of this tumult and lighting, and Uial. in
Ihe Ursl place, Cuniaous had been corrupted by
their gifts, and passed over Ihe murder of tliu«
that were sUin in sileiiCe. Which allcgalioin
when Quadratua beard, he put oH' the hrKring of
tiie cause, and pruiiii»ed that he would give ai u-
tence when, he should come into Judea, hdiI
xvll. 1 1 , John Ir. <. Bee also Joaephus In his own lift.
sect, iS, where that Journey Is (irterinlncdlolhrdMlny".
t Our Hiiviour-haif forelold that the Jews' rojerliun of
.cl ua not iHke Jwui'mnlViBfcmt- 1 hli4 »uapel would hrln« ii|>on Ihcm..nnioii|f ntlier iiiM-
f i c '» .ll i o <i o ll ir i !» , wh i r l) Ihey ll i c i nie l vfsl i fn » li('tv'"<'r
i Ihi p e uii le ,'' IIS H e
day, leil lU^th Iw uii u|iruiii iiirioiii; n..; i>.^u|..c, .......
land well otwerves on Uii« jilai-c. Joscplius alio lakes
notice of the aHlnelhin^,Uf lUe Wnr.h; I. ch. It. sect. 3.
fThis coiialant passaiie of Iho linbtenns throuih Ihe
country of Hainann, a» Ihey went to Juilenond Jcmsu-
leni, illiislrulea si.-vrral piissaiiea in llieKos|ielii to the
■ame |mriHMe,asl>r. Hudson rl:litlyol>serves. tieeLuke
ei|)ericd would lie Iho roiiBKiuciiceR of Ihdr ptcaenl lu
mulls and aedlltona; the niter aiiliversioii of llicli fo<i|>
try.theconflagratlonof ilieir ieinplc,aiid the slavery
of themaelves, tbclr wives, and childrao. Be* ua»
xxl.»-23. ;. ..
Z
f
X
lK« rnamttf nt ih*
llm* lk«r« Uj, i»
>• that KM r*ll«il
n Ika UmlW n( tW-
lMn> ■'•rUm iwniim
h thit UaliUniM, «iM
'III Hut, Mrlwn Dm
f« inr»riii«<l ul whirl
II <'uiii«nua, Mitl il*
ur<l«r ■>' IhiMf lN«t
l«i:«il lijr Ih* Mtiiiikri
ibiilf III lh« nmlUr
>r« iiiiirh illa|ilraH>il
i> iif IM Jowt I" lif-
il 10 nkatn Ui»r U-
MM la TtMl' • *'iilir
Id juiiwil with itlrnl
iloriiliUi." Aiul wl»»
iiroil lu liarilji llitm,
to jMinuMlai Ciiin*
ra'kilUil, Ui*y wimlil
nil thuirwcaponi.anii
K.lMiar, tb« loll III
man) vc«ri nixU hw
Vl(h wnil'll ■HIaUIII*
«• iif Ihti S*iiMril>ii»
thU ■cliun III Ibfin,
I, with four r*Kiii>»l<
Niiiariliinii, ■iiiliiian'h-
iiil I'lUKhl ilioiii. awl
ink ■ K''*' iiuiiiIh r a(
lar that wcrM thr iikxI
Irni, ainl Hii't l><>>h ii
•ui |wi<l thrill, mil Ihi'
iiiuathr/ »«w In "hm
put un iarki.li>(h, anil
•mU, »nil 111 all poMi-
litiiiua, auil )i<'riuaii«ij
bffiirr tliair lyn tht
■uuiilrv, tli« ciinllaKm-
ihi- alavary of lli«ui
illilirn.t nhk'h wiiillil
ihal lli»y wara iloiii([.
Ilia, wuulii caat iw»;
B fiitura bo quirt, ami
, 'I'hrir periuaaiiiiKol
I, So thn pvO|ilii ilii
kc rulilwra want awn)
rrn|(tb; ani) after tbtt
I wmb njlib*ri*».
lh« Samaritani wrnt to
B |irr«Klei|t of Sirm;
I'yrc, and acCusfU llm
iKat on flra, and (ilun-
thai, that " th»y were
nhatthe) had auArrril, \
inipt theraliy ihnwii to
hey bad received any
I inuile them the juH^ci
III not prcaently tii iiiakr
er had not Ihv Kointni
hich account they eaiiii'
(n th« veiigeaui'v Ihi y
arxuialion ntkirh Iho
iiit the 4ew«. Itut llif
Kaiiiaritani were \^t
id fighting, ami tlial, in
liad been corrupttd by
cr the murder of tliii»c
fe. Which allc((BlioD«
e put oil' the hrHriDK of
that he would give «i tt-
come into Juilea, noil
Joaephui In lila own life,
lailrterinlncd lothrii- ilnyn
1 thai the Jiiwa' rojertiim iif
thcni,.iiiiioiiif otiicr niise-
liprf^inwlllfV
'■•>■,..■
V.,,
/'^ ■
■OOK XX.-CHAP. Vlf.
alMuM kwm • Mi»f« tiart laJMilailc* ol' tha trinh
it that iMttar. MU tkaaa n^n wonl away with
iial auort^H. Vvt waa It mil JiiH( «r« i^iixdralua
I Mil* til hamatMi wkar*. U|i<>li h*ariii( Iha raata,
hA-tHiiiMiaad that tha Haiiiartlana wera tha ait*
thiiM of that dUliirliaiK r Mat, wb»il ha waa
mloniKial ihal lerlamuf the Jrm* wvra <ti*klH||
liiiiut ili'iiia, he iiiilarad llmax to lia crui lA*!'
whiiHi t'uiiianiK ha<l ImIii'Ii i'»pti)i>. Kroiii
wkaih'a ha lania to a rarlain villaga calM l<yd-
ila, wblrh waa imt laaa than a riiy In largiaaaa,
iiihI ihara hvaril tha MiiMirtriliin laitaa a Hrefind
IIIH* iMliira hit Iriliutial, ami Ihrra learnril (roiii
a I'arlain haiiiarilaii, thai one ol tha I'biil' iif tb*
.lewa, whoaa nniiia waa llurlua, and •uiim' other
iiinovatiira with hmi, four in nunitwr, prraiiailed
the uiuliiliiilr til a r»«iilt Iniin the koiiiaii», whiiin
t^uailriitua onlfrad to be pot todaatbi biil alill
hr uHl HWay Annnlaa the high priaat, ami /\iia-
nua Tha coniniaiiili r |iif Ibe Ivinplr,] in lioiula to
Koiiia, to (i«« an H<'i;uuni iit what tb<y had diMia
til (laudlua t'laaae. (la »l»i urilvrad the princi-
pal man, btith ol tha Hauiarilaiia and of ib^ Jawa,
at alao runianua Iha proi'iimdir, and L'eler the
tribune, to an (o Italy to thr «iii|Hirer, Iba^ ha
nii(hl bear Ibcir lauai-; anirdnenniv *h*ir di'
feraiuea una with anothtr. tint he
lu Iha city of Jernaalaiu, outfit bia
niulliliidii of the J(wa alNtllld alliiii
luivatioiia. hul lu< liitiml lli>' illy in
ttate, aiul <;e|e|inni^tA mil' nf llu u<i
arvli
aiiie annln
r thai the
Mime In-
H'fl IKhIP
•vfTValu
J (hut
of their I'.ounlry Itirlilid. So be In
Ihay wq^bl IMI aljljiuipf any iiinuvaliona,
Ibaiii al tha ci-li irritiuB «t' tha iMtitjl, anil
Ihay wq^bl IMI al'uiuipf any iiinuvaliona, ami left
Ibain al thai^lilff' " ' '
lurifvil to Antiiirh.
r;
iheiniplvpa I
:l. Now <,'uiuauua:4|nd llie prini'iiial of Ihe Sn-
nliirilana, who werv^nl In Kume, bail a day ap-
p<iin|rd Iheiii b) lh« riiiprrnr.Hliere'inlbiy wurr
to have- pleadiil Iheir cauii- aliout Ihe iiurirnla
they bail one With uiiulbir, Hut now t'lraiir'a
fraeil-nnii, hikI hi* friemU, w»re,.very tealuua on
the beliiilt of I'uinuHiii and the Suniariluna; niiil
they hiid |ie«yuili:il ovi-r the Ji-wa, unleaa AKrifi-
f» Junior, whu waa then at Home, had aeen the
primlpal of the Jewa hard art, aiu| had eahiiat-
J rntranted Aarippinn, tli« ein|M>ror'a wife, to
perauailo Im r liualmnd lo brnr lliu caliae, to aa
war B|{rreable to hia jnalii-e, and to coniliAiin
thoae lo be puuialied wbii wirr rmlly the Mutbora
of tbii re»oll from llir ({uinaii Kovariuiirnt.—
Whereupon t'lauiliu* win ao nrll di<|io«rd bii-
furelianll, that wlitn lie had bniril tboi'uuae, and
found that Ihe !<aniariliiiii bud linn the riii^-
leaden in tbuae niiachiivOua iluiiif;*, he u-Hve
onler, thai tho«u who caiiii' up lo him ahoul3 lie
•lain, and that Cuninniia ahnuld lie bitiiiahid. lie
alio gave order, that Oler the tribune abould be
carrieil buck to Jeruwdiin, and ahoutd be drawn
tlmiuah the (;iiy in Ibu tight of idl tb4> people,
and then ihould be ilaiii.
• Thia 8lmon, a ftrlehil of Felix, a Jew, horn In Cvnriia,
thonih he preleiided loho « innitli Ian, anil aeenia liiliare
beeiiHlrlirilitiHHiiili,i'uiilil hiirilly iNtliiiifiuiiiiUKHIiiion
the inoiilrlan, in Hie Ai-Ih ot tiio A|ioatlca, vlll.U, hcc. aa
•uuie are ready lo aiippoae. 'VMh Xlnioii ineiilloiiea In
the Aria w«a m»i propi'rly h Jew, hut a Hiiniaritan, of
Ilia lOwn of lalla-, In llie rouniry of Hiiinnrin, na Ihe
Apaatollrall'uiieiihilioii<i,rkX|lheHeru|nlllonaiifi;ie-
' aieni,ll.6,niid Jiialiii MartflpillniMlfliarnintheroun-
li)rafH«niarla.>\|Kilin!y,I.W, Inlorni na. He wnaal-
•0 the «uihar. iioi of nny airrienl Jewiali, hul of the tint
Genlile hereHlrn.iiallin fiireli tloneil nuihuraanurau.
8o I fupimae tilm n dlU'erent (KTnan from tha other, t
mean Ihla only u|ion tin- hyiHilhema, Ihal Joaenhiia waa
not miainforinoil aaluhl«l4'ln( a (^print Jew; for oiher-
WlM) tlif lliiio, llie niinle, the profrnalon, and Ihewlrk-
aduea* of Ihem tailh Mouht alruiiijly inrllne one In lie-
llevr lliein the very lanie. Aa 10 tlinl lliuailla,lhe i4a
leriif Atrippa liiiilnr. na Joaenhiia liiforin»ii»l»Tii
/
riiAP, VII,
408
frnt»t Jlfrtffn juHJi^ir »iU kit Sultrt.
II. Htt (.'laudiua leni Nlii, ihr hr<>lb»r. n#
l>lla«a. to lake eaiv of^he altulra ol Jwleat awl
whan ha bad alnailv liniiililr.l ih« Iwilfkb year
kI hi< man, he li<<i,i^»t| u|i,in Antiiipa Ihe le-
tra»liy of I'hdipaml /talnnra. ^lulinhiiil lharel>i
Traihonitia, with Ah/lai whieK laat badheeniha
letrarrhy of l.yaaniaai hut ha luwk trom him
t.'hab'ia, whan he hail been governor ihrrauffAur
)aara And wlno AKriii|Hi had rernvnl thraa
uiiunlrlea aa the (lit ol lieaar, he |ta«e hia naur
Itruailla Ml niarrTa|a In Adiui, kiiiif nf ^'.iiiaaa,
U|nin bia ninirnt lo l»a rlrruiiiiliedi I'of K.pipha-
naa, the aon of kin| Aniiorhiu, bad ufuaail to
marry her, liaeauia, aflef hn hlU proniiaad har
father foriiierlii to come oti r in Ibr Jewiah rail-
fipn. he would not now pirlorin Ibat promiaa,
le alio cave Mirianina fn licirriaKe to Ktiiium
laua, th^ auu nl lleli'iaa, lu wholn'khH hail fnriiier-
1 Jcwert. n» HI. I.ukf Infiirina iia. Acta, « \(v. IM, whoiii
thia Hinion inenliuncd hy Joaepliu« iieranniled tfi leave
her Toriner hiialmnd, Azliua kinitnf Kmeaa, n pro^lyie
of luatke, and lo ninrry t'elti, the heathvu prMurator
•f Jiiitea, Taclluf, Hill, r. 9, luppooaa li«r to Cc a hea
-*i
ly been belrolbed by AKrlp|Hi lirr lathrri from
whii'h inarriaKr wua deriyad a daughter, whoa*
name waa Hi-riiK'e.
J. Hul lor Ihe iiiamaitp of Itruailla wilh Atliiia,
it waa m no lung tun* allerward dlaaolved upon
Ihr foUowing orcaaioni. While VtMx waa (inHU-
rulor nf JuJea, hr aaw thii llru>illa, and fall in
love with hari for ihit did indreiUieerd all ojhar
w^iinrii In beauty; and he »cnt In her a penon
Mfhoie name waa Himon,* one of hia friindar •
Jew he waa, and by bitlh a i.') print, ainI one who
pnleililed to lir a innKirian, ami pnilrnvnred to
JK-riuade her to fiiraake her |i^aeiit buibaml,
nnil marry him; and proiiiiaeil, iliiK if ahn would
not reliian him, he would make liit^ a happy wo-
man. Ai'cunlinKly aha arlid ill, iilid lieiitfiae iha
waa deiiroua to avoid her Miati r l^irnua'a i^nvjr,
for ahe waa vary 111 treated liy hrr on accgiUil o(
her lu'ttuly, waa .prevailed u|Hin lir.trunMttSa tha
Inwa other forel'alhrra, and In nlarrj^■^^Vl«^anl^,
when he had hail a aon by hrr, he inuiied hin.
AKfippa- Hut altar what manner that youn|[
man, with hit wife, periabrd at the t'onlln|tr«liun
of tha inuuniain Veauviua.f in the daya ol TiliW'
('leaar, ahall be related hereufli r.)
U. Hul aa for lleniii^e, ihe lived a widow ■ rood
while after Ihe death of Herod IkliiK of>lliali'ii,|
who will both her bualiniid and In r uiirlu; but
when Ihe re|iort went that aha hn4-i'riminal con-
veriiitiiin nilb her brother, (AKriminjuniortJ ibu
tierauniled I'oleiiio, who waa aiii^ of ('ilii:ia, lo
le cii'Cuuiciied, and to marry hi r, ua aiippiiiin|f
that by thia nieana ahe aboiild prove Ihoae raluin-
niei upon hor lo be falie; and i'olemo wai pre-
vailed uiKin, and that rhielly on iiocouni yif her
rlrhei. V'et did not thia mulrlnioiiy endure loiiir;
but Iternirc left Fulenio, and aa wai taid, with
impure ultentiona. Ho he I'oriook at once Ihit '
then, and the urnnd dnughierof Anionhia and (leonnt-
rn, contrary both to Ht. I.uka und Joaenhua. NowTa-
clliia lived aoniewhal loo rriiinle, linlli na to llihnjiuil
plare. In lie rompiired wilh villier of Ihoae Jewiali
wrllera,hi a mailer Yonrrrnlnii the Jewalnjiidaa in
their own daya,aiid runcerulnii n alaler nl Aiirlppa Juil-
lor, with ivhirh Agrlppa Joirphiia woahiiuaelfao welt
nri|ualnled. it hi piohahle Ihal 't'arlina may fy true
Whrn III- Inforiiia na Ihiil Ihla Krliv (who had in ull Ihrea
wivea or <|iieeiia, aa SiicliMiliia In I'lainlhia aerl. tjH, aa-
aiiri-aiia,) did once Diurry mirh a urn'idi'hildof Aiilpnl-
ua niid Chopnlra, nnd liinllnx llic name ol' una ofiliini
to linvc I'ceii llruaiitu, lie iiiImIouIi her for that other
wife, whnae nauH* lie did know. o
f Thia eruption of Veniivuia ivaa one nf the (rcaieat
wo have In hialory. Hee niaiirhiiii'aciirlouaniid impor- '
lantuhaervailoiia on lliia Veauviiia, and ilaaeven aevernl
great erupiiona, wuh their reiiinlna vllrlHad, and atlll
a n d I e ila llnn I n ao m a ny dllBir e nt </rnfii und e r uroundi t il l —
'^'
-'V '
(luenceii of their picaenl |o
•J aiihverilon of their rouji
Ir temple, and the alavery
and cldMreo. Baa UxU
Ihe difwra came lo ihe aniediluvlan walera, wilh Itialr
proponhinaliln Iniuratlrrii, ImplyinKthe dclufte lo baira
Iwen nliove'.>,.''>Miye'>ra liefiire llieChrlallan«ra,a(
dine to our exucleat rhronolug y.
t Tlila ly now winlla(.
3Kt
I I
%m
t.-
.1 f
m
/..i
t
I
1
1
5
4ai
ANTIQOITJES OF THK JEWS.
iiiatrjnionjr, rind (he Jewiah rcngion: »oil, «t tliij
Milie lin.e, Muriaiune.pul ow«y Arrh«il»uH, micl
waa niarrjeil (o Deinctriua; the principal nian
HiiionK' the Alexandrian Jcw», Iwjth for liu funiil;r
and lin wealth; and indeed lie «Taa then their
alabarch. So alie named her «on„whoni ijie had
by him Agrijipinm. But of nil tho«e particulara
we ibnll hereafter treat niorit exactly.*
CHAP. vm.
^/Urtohalmitnntr.upon ihe Death o/Claudiu$.
JVVro siiccteJtd in tnt Govtrnment ; at alto what
barharmia things he did. Concerning! the Kob-
bers. Murderers, and ImfOitorithatifroutehiU
Felix utut Feslus were trocuratort ofjudea.
§ 1> Now Claudius CiKsar died ivheii he had
reigned thirteen years, eight nionlhs,' bikI twenty
daymt and a report went about that he was poi-
soned by his wife Acrippina. Her father was
Germauicus, the brother of Ca;9ar. Her hus-
band was Doniilius jtlnobarbus, one of the most
illustrious persons that was in the city of Ronw;
after who^e death, and her long eoiitiniiance in
' widowhood, Claudius took her to wife; she
brought along with her a son, Doniitius, of the
kame name with his father. ■ He had before this
slain his wife Mcssalina, out of jealousy,, by
whom he hadhis.childrcu Britaniiicun and Octa-
via; their eldest sister was Antonia, whom he
had by Helinaehis first iVife. He aUr> married
OctaTia-lo Nero; for that was the name that Cv-
sar gave hiin afterward, upon adopting him for
bis son. ' , " . ■> •
2. But now Agrippina was »fraid, lest, when Bri-
tannicus should come to lUih's estate, he should
succeed his father in the government, and desired
to seiie upon the principality beforehand for her
own son [Nero;] upon which the report went,
that sbe thence com.passod the death of Clau-
dius. Accordingly, she sent Burrhus, the gene-
ral of the army, immediately, and with him the
tribunes, and such rffso of the freed-me n as were
of the greatest authority, to bring Nero away
into the camp, and to salute him emperor. And
when Nero had thus obtained the government, he
got Britannicus to be so poisoned, (hat the mul-
titude should not perceive it; although he jiub-
licly put his own mother to death not long after-
ward, making her this requital, not only for being
born of her, but by brih;_'ing it so about by her
contrivances that he obtained the Roman empire.
He also slew Octavia his own wifr, and many
other illustrious persons. Under the pretence that
they plotted against him. . %',.^
3. But I omit any further discourse about tljfse
affairs, for there have been a jgreat iiiiny who
have composed the history of Nero; some of
whom have departed from the (ruth of facts _put
of favor, as having received benefits from hira ;
while others, out of hatred to him, aiid the great
ill-will which they bore hiin, havt; so impudently
raved against him with their lies, that they justly
deserve to be condemned ; nor dni I wonder at
such ui have tohl lies of Nero, since they have
not in their writings preserved the truth of his-
tory as to thb«! farts that were earlier thah his
time, even when the actors could have noway
incurred their hatred, since those writers lived a
long time after them. -But a* to those that have
ho regard to truth, they may write gsthey please. .
for in that they tate delight: but as to ourselves,
who have made truth our direct aim, we shall
briefly touch upon what only belongs reinotelv
to this undertaking, but shall relate what hath »
happened to us Jews with great accuracy, and
shall not grudge our pains in giving an account
both of the calamities we have suflered, and of ; *^^t
the criniei we have been guilty of. 1 will now
therefore return to the relation of bur own atfairs
4. Kor in (he first yearof the reign of Nyrn,
upon the death of Aiiius, Icing of Eiiicsa, Soe-
iniiS.t his brother, succeeded in his kingdmn, and
Arlstnbulus, the son of Herod, king of CImIci*.
was Intrusted by Nero with the government of
Lesser Arnicnin. Caisar also bestowed on Agrip-,
pa a certain p#rt of Galilee, Tiberias, arid Tari-
ohca!,)! and ordered thciu to submit to his juris-
diction. He gave him also Julias, a city of Fe- "
Tea, with fourteen villages that lay about it.
5. Now, as for the allairs of the Jews, they
grew worse and worse continually; for the coun-
(IV was again tilled with robbers and impostor!,,
who deliidrd the multitude, Yet did Kelix catch
and put to death iiiaiiy of. those impostors every
duv, together with this robbers. He also caught
Ktcuzar, the son of DineiSi who had gotten to-
gether a companv of robbers; and this he did by
treachery; (or Ko gave him assurance that hi-
should sufl'er no harm, and thereby persuaded
him to come to him ; but when he came he bound
him, and sent him to Rome. Felix also bore ai-.
ill-will to Jonathan, the high priest, because he
frequently gave him admonitions about eoverp-
ing tlie Jewish aHairs better than he did, lest he ^,
should himself have comjdaints made of him by j!:\^^
the multitude, since he it was who had desired
Ciesar to send him as procurator of Judea. So
Felix contrived a. method whereby h« might get
rid of him, now he was become to continually
troublesome to him ; for such continual adAioni-
tions are grievous to those who »re disposed to
art unjustly. Wherefore Felix persuaded one of
Jonathan's mast fcithful friends, a cittien of Je-
rusalem, whose name was Doras, to bring the
robbers upon Jonathan, in order to kill him; and
this he did by promising to give him a great deal . ' |
of money for so doing. Doras complied with the |
proposal, an3t contrived matters so, that the rob- ^l
bcrs might murder him after the following man-
ner: Certain of those robber* went up to the BJ
city, as if thev were going toworship God, while :^
they had daggers under their garments, and, by ■-'-
thus mingling themselves among the multitude,
thev slew Jonathan,} and as this murder was
never avenged, the robbers went up with the;
• This also ia now wonting.
t This duration of the reign of Claudius agrees with
Dio, as Dr. Ih'dson here remarks; as he also remarks,
tliat Nero's nhuie,whieh was at first £. Domili»» ^na-
tortaf, after Claudhia had adofiled liim,was JVtra Clan-
dt»t Catiir Drum Oermanieut. . '
tThis Boemus is elsewhere mentioned [hy Josephus
in his own Life.sMt. ll.asalso] 6y PioCassius and Ta-
citus, OS Dr. Hudson informs lis.
RTbis atreeswith Josephus'sfreqnentaceountselse-
ere in hisown Life, thatTiherlas, and Taricheie, and
OainalB were under this Apippa Junior, till Justus, the
ion of Pislu^ aeixed upon them for (he Jews upon the
ImaM^ioatQf.tbewar.
< This treitcberQUa. Aid barbarous murder of (be (ood
Iiigb priest Jonathan, By thecomiivanee of (his wicked
wocura(or Felix, was'theinlinedlBteaccasioiioftheen-
■uing murders hy the Mcarli or ruffians, and one Rreat
cause of the followiuf horridcrueltles and tniseriesor
Uie Jewish nation, at Josepbut here suppoies,whote ex-
-i^-
cellent reflection on (hecrots wickednetsof (ha( nadon,
as th^^irect cause of their (errible dertrucdon, is well
wor(hv (he a((en(ton of every Jewish and of every
Chrisdan render. And, since we arc soon coming to the
cntaloi ue of the Jewish high priests, it may no« he amiw
with Keland, to insert this Jonathan among them, and
to (ranttribb hit par(kular cA(atague of (he last twenty
eight high (irtests, taken out of Joaephus, and begin with
Ananelus who was made by Herod the great. See An-
tiq. b. XV. ch. U. seel. 4, and Ihe note Ibeie.
1. Ananelus.
3. Ariatobuhis.
a. JesuSitbesanofFabas.
4. Bimon.thesonofBoethus. .. ^ ; .
5. Matthias, Ihe ton of Thebphilot. - .
6. Joazer.thesonaf Boe(hus.
7. Eleaz«r,thesonafBbethuii
8. Jesus, (he ton of Sie.
9. [Annas or] Ananus, the sou of Beth.
10. Ismael, the ion of Fabuf.
BOOK XX.— CHAP. VIII.
40S
or ddi T wonder at
o, tincc they hsvc
cd tho truth of hit-
re earlier thah hit
could littve noway
lio«e writer* lived »
I to thoic that have
nrlte gtthey please..
but a> tq ourselves,
irect aim, n« shall
y belonj^ reiiibtely
II relate what hath A
creat accuracy, and
In giving an account
ive nuflered, and of
lilty of. I will now
an of bnr own aflnir?
[)f the roigii of INCrn,
ing of Enicsa, Soe-
in his kingdnni, nnd
'od, k'ing ol' CImlcif.
I the goveronient of
J bestowed on Agrip-,
Tiberias, arid Tnri-
■ubiuit to his jnris-
lijlins, a city of Pe- "
that lay about it.
r» of the Jews, they
lunlly ; for the coun-
ibers and impostors.
Yet did Felix catch
dose iniposlora every
L'rs. lie also caught
i; who had gotten to- '
s; and this Tic did by
lu assurance that hf
i thereby persuaded
len he came lie bound
Felix also bore ai-.
;h priest, because he
itions about govcrp-
tban he did, lest he
inis made of him by
If as who had desired
urator of Judea. So
rhereby h« might get
ecome to continually
ch continual adAioni-
who are disposed to
elix persuaded one of
iends, a citizen of Je-
Doras, to bring the
irder to kill hlni; apd
give him a great deal
ras complied with the
tiers so, that the rob-
cr the following man-
ibcra went up to the
o worship God, while
ir garment!, and, by
iniong the multitude,
as this murder was
rs went up with the;
ickednessofthat nation,
rible destruction, 18 well
y Jewish and of every
re arc soon coming to the
iesta, it may not lie amiss
aiban among them, and
itogue of the la«t twenty-
losephni, and liegin with
erod the great. BmAd-
e note there.
koi.
ledphUni. -
lus.
thui.
le MB of Beth.
H. '.
greatest security at the festivals after this lime,
and having weapons concealed in tike qiannt^r as
before, and niingliiig themselves among the mul-
titude, they slew certain of their Own ciicniies,
and wcru suliservienf to other men for money,
and slew others, not only in remote parts of the
city, but in the leiuiilu itself bIko; for they had
the boldness to murder men there, without think-
ing of the impiety of which they were guilty.
And this seems to me to have been the renson
why (jod, out of his hatred of thifsc men's wick-
edness, rt'jectcd our city, and as for the temple,
he no longer culeenieil it siillicieiitly iiure for him
to inhabit therein, but brought the Koinnns upon
us, and threw a fire upon tlie city to pui-ge it, and
brought uponUK, our^wivcs ami cliildren, slavery,
as denirods to niakc us wiser by our calamities.
6. .Th&se works that Wore done by tha robbers,
filled the city with all sorts of 'impiety. And
iiow the.ie impostors* and deceivers persuaded
the iiiultiludc to follow them into the wilderness,
and pretended tiiat they would exhibit manifest
WCKiders and signs that should be performed by
the providence of God. And inaiiy that were
prevailed on by them sufl'ered the punishment of
their folly:. for Felix brought them back, and
then punished them. Moreover, there came out
of Kgypt.f about this time, to Jerusalem, one
that Huid hei was n prophet, and advised the mul-
titude of the common people to go along with
him to the Mount of Olives, as it was called,
which lay over against the city, and at the dis-
tance of livQ fiirlongs. He sniil further, that, he
would show them from thence, how, at his com-
mand, the walls .of Jerusalem would fitll down;
and he promised them, tlint he would procure
them an entrance hito the city through those
walls, when they were fallen down. A'ow, when
F'elix was informed of these, things, he ordered
his soldiers to take their weapons, qnd came
against them with a great number of horsemen
atid footmen from Jcmfaleni, and attacked the
Egyptian and the people that were with him.
He also slew four hiiticlred of them, and took two
hundred aliv<!. But the Kgyptian himself escaped,
out of the 6gbt, but did not appear aiuy more.
And again the robbers stirred up the people to
make war with the Romans, and said, that they,
ought not to obey them at all ; and when any per-
son would not comply with them, tbey set pre to
their villages, and plundered them.
7. And now it was that a great sedition ^rosci^
between the Jews that inhabited Cxsarea, and
the Syrians who dwelt there also, concerning
their equaF right to'the priyilipges belonging to
citizens, for the Jews claimed the pre-eminence,
Wcause Herod their king was the buildei-of Cic-
sarca, and because he was by birth u J c w. Now.
the Syrians did not deny wfiut was ijlleged about
Herod ; but they said, that Ciesarea was formerly
called Strato's Tower, and that then there was
oa(One Jewish inhabitant. When the presiilents
of tliat country heard of 'these disorders, they
caught the authors of them on both sides, and
torliiented them with stripes,, and by tbut meant
put a stop to the disturltance for u time. Out
II. Elflazar,lliesonorAnanui
13. eimon,tliesonorCiimitlius.
13. JosephusCaiaplias,tliesoh<in-laWto Anani^.
14. Jonathan, tlie Bon of Ananiis.
15. Tbeophilus, bis brother, and son of Ananua.
16. SinionthesouofBoelhus. [Ananua.
II. Matthias, tho brother of Jonathan, and aon of
18. Aljonrua.
19. Joaepbus, theaonofCamydna. ^
; 30. Ananiaa,tbeaonofNeliedcus. '
31. Jonathan,
: 23. lahmaeKtheaonofFabl. .:_-_- ,^:,
S3. JoMphCahi.theaonofSiOiOD.
84. Ananua, theaon of Ananus,
SS. Jeans, the aon of Oamneua.
' 36. JeauLtbenn of Gamaliel.
S7. MaUhiaa, the son ofTlieopbilua.
38. Fbaniuaa.lheaonofBamuel.
the Jewish ciliieni, depending on their wealth,
and onfhut account despising the Syrians, re*
Eroached them again, and hoped to provoke ihem
y such reproiii'hes. However, the Syrians,
though they were inferior in wealth, yet' valuinf
themselves highly on this account, that the great'
eat part of the Roiuiin soldiers that were there,
were either of Ciware.n or SebastCj they also for
some time used repronelifol language tu 'he Jews
alto; and thus it was, till at length. tliry came to
throwing stones lit one anoth^f, and several Were
Wounded, and fell on both sides, tboiigb still the
Jews were the cimquerors. liut when Felix sajy
that this ipiarrel Was become a kind of war, he
came upon theni on the sudden, and desired Ihu
Jews tu desist, and when they refuM^d so to do,
ho armed hiir soldiers, and sent them out ujioii
theni, anil slew inuiiy of them, and took more of
them alive, a./idflermittcd his soldiers to plunder
Sonic of the i^oiitif of riie citizens, which were'
full of riches, 'J\ow those JeWs that were more
modenite, and of principal dignitv among tliein,
were afraid of tlieijiiselveatand (lesircd of Felix
that; he would sound n retreat to his soldiers, and
spare them for the future, and iiHord them room
for repentance lor what they had done ; and Felix "
was prevailed upon to do so. v
8. About this time king Agrippn gave the high
prieiitbood to Ishniael, wlio was^the son of I'libi.
And now arose a sedition between the high priesla
uiiil the priiiclpal men of the multitude of^ Jerii*
siilem, each of whom got them u conlpuiiy of
the boldest sort of iiieii, and of those that loved
innovations, about tlieni, and became leaders to.
llieiii; mid w.neii they struggled together, they
did it by casting iepniachiul words one against
another^ and by throw ing stones also. And there
was nobody to reprove tliein; but these disorders
were done nftcr a licentious- manner in tlie city,
tas if it had no goveriinrent over it. And sucli
•>vas the iiiipUdence and boldness that had seized
on the liigh priests, that they bad the hardiness
to send tdeir servants into the thrash ing-lloors, t(»
take away those tithes that were due to the
priests ; insomuch that it so fell out that the poor-
est sprtof the priests died forwant.) To this de-
gree did the violence of the seditiout prevail over
all ri"'ht and justice !
9. No»v, when Porcius Fcstut was scot as suc-
cessor to Felix by Nero, the principal of the
Jewish inhabitants of Cwsarea Went up to Rome
to accuse Felix; and he bad cer tixuJ y beeix
brought to punishment, unless Nero fllOyielded
to the importunate solicitations of his brother I'al-
las, who was at that time had in the greatest
honor by him. Two of the principal Syrians in
Ciesarea persuaded Burrhus, wl>o was Nero's
tutor, and secretary fur his Greek epistles, by
giving him a j^at sum of money, to disanuul
that equality of the Jewith privileges of citizen*
Which they hitherto enjoyed. 'So Burrhus, by
his lolicitations, obtained leave of the emperor
that an epistle should be written to that purpose.
This epistle became the opcasionof the following
miseries that befell our nation; for, when th<i
Jews of CiEsarea were informed of the conteiits
At for Ananut and Joaephiis Caiaphat,bere mentioned
about tlie middle of tbiacatalu;.'iic, tliey arc no other Iliaii
tboaeAnnna and CaiBplin8,90 ofleu mentioned in tlie fuur
Kot|icla;«iid that Ananuis, the son of Ncljcdeua,Wa8 tlijt
hiiili pricat before whom St. i'aul pleaded hiaown cause,
Actaxxiv.
* Of theac Jewish impostors and falae propbeta, with
many other circunistartceaaud miaerieaof the Jews, till
their utter deatruction, foretold by ourBaviour.aee I^.
Accompl. of Proph. p. ;)ti — <5.
t Of this Bfrypiinn impostor, and the number <ft Ipi'
Ibllowerg in Josephiis, sec Arts, xxi, 38. '^'
} The wickedness here was very peculiar and extraor-
dinary, that tbe lii|,'h pricstaahould 80 oppresa their bre-
thren the priests, as to 8tar%'e tho poorest of tlicm to
death. Sec tbe like presently, cb.ix. sect. 3. Hiicbfa
tal crimeaare rovetousncsa and tyranny in the clergy, aa
well aa in the laity, i i all agea.
■i*--- /■■
",^1'-
400
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS.
ot tliii epiitla to the Synanii, (hey syt'te niore
diiordrrly thitn befure, till a War w»i kinilli'd.
10. Upon Kiilui'i coining intu Judin; it )inp-,
pcneci (lint JiiUea wan aillicted by (he rubbt^ri,
wljiile all (lie villan^fii were let on Orv, and plun-
deired by (hem. And (hen l( ivaa(ha( (he Sicarii,
aa they were called, who Were robbprt, grew nu-
niaroui. Tliey made uic of •mull Kwonla, not
much (lifierent i)i length from (he Fcrsini. nci-
naca, bu( somewhat rrooked, and tike the Ko-
nian $ica! [or alckles.j aa they were calli'il ; and
from thrae weapuna theae rohhtira got their de-
noniinatiuh, and with those wenpona they alew a
great Inniiy ; for (hej mingled (hennelvea among
the multituile at their fj^tivaU, when (hey were
come up in rrowda front all par(» (o the city to
worship (jod, aa we said before, and ensily alew
those that they had a mind to sliiy. They alao
Came (rci|uenlly upon the villagea belonging' to
their enemies, with their weapons, and plundered
them, and set them on fire. So J-'estua sept
forces, both horsemen and footmen, to full u^n
those thiit had been aeduccd by a certain im-
))os(or, who promised thein deliverance and free-
- <|oni from (he miseries (h«v were under, if (hey
would but follow him aa uir as (he wiliferness.
Accordingly (hose forces (hat were sent destroy-
* ed both him that had deluded them, and those
that were his followers also.
11. About the same time king Agrippa built
himself a very large dining-room in the royal
palace at Jerusalem, ucar to the portico. Mow
thia palaCe hn>i been erected of old by thexhil-
dren of Asmoneus, and whs situate upon ah ele-
vation, ami atforded a moat delightful prospect
to those, that had- a mind to take a vi^w of the
city, which prospect was desired by tlie king;
and there he could lie down, and eat, and thence
observe what was done in tlie temple: which
thing, when the chief men of .leruMalem saw,
they were very much displeased at it; for it was
not agreeable to the institutions of our country
' or laws, that what was done in the temple should
l)e viewed by others, especially what belonged
to the sacrificea. They therefore erected a wall
upon the uppermost building which bcl()nged to
th« inner court of the temple towbrds the west,
which wall, when it was built, did not only inter-
cept the ppoapect of th.c dining-room in the
palace, but alau of the wcatern cloisters that be-
longed to the outer court of the temple nl-io,
where it was thai the Romans kept guards for
the temple at the feMivals. At these doings both
king Agrippa, and principally Festua the pro-
curator, were much displeased ; and Festua or-
dered them to pull the wall down again; but the
Jews petitioned him to give them leave to sond
an embassage about this matter to JVero ; forthey
■aid they could not endure to live, if any part of
the teniple should be demolished; and when
Featus had given them leave ao to do, they sent
ten of th^ir principal men to Nero, aa also Ishmael
the high priest, and Helciaa, the keeper of the
aacred treasure. And when Nero had heard what
they had to aay, be not only forgave them what
♦ We have here one eminent cxamplcof Nero'sniird-
ncasaniJiRXMlnesiin hisEnvernmcnttownrdntlic Jew*,
duriiistne Ave flrat years ofliiar)!i!in, so fainous in anti-
qui(y;weliaVeperhapiianothcrin Juscplius'aownliire,
aert. 3 ; and KiMtel. thougli of a very ditferent nature,
. here, in aect. 9'ifKk before. Howcver.both the Reneroua
acta of kiudrioa were oUihicd of Nero hyliisqncenPop-
' pea, who was a relijtioua lady, and iierhapa privately a
Jewish proselvtc, and so were noi owing entirely to Ne
lo's own gooanesa.
T II here evidently appears, that Saddurces mieht he
( high prlcsta iii the days of Joaephua, and that theac Bad-
dureet were uaualljr very aevere and inexoralilc Judaea,
while the Phariaeei were much milder, and more ttierei-
fni, as appears by Reland's Instances in liia noteonthia
Jilaee,nnd on Josefihua'a Life,8ert. M ; and thoae takcit:
rom the New Tcalament, from Joaeplma himself, and
from the ralihina : nor do we meet with any Saddueeej
they had already done,* buialao gave them
leave to let the wall they had built atund. Thia
was granted them, in order to gratify Fnnpea,
Nero a wifa, who was a religioua woman, and had
reftuested these favors pfNero, and who gave
oruer to the len nnibasiadora tu go their way
home; but retained Helciiaa and Ishmael aa
hoatngea with herwlf. As soon aa the king heard
thia news, he gave the high priesthood to Joseph,
who was called Cabi, the son of Simon, formerly
high priest.
CHAP. IX.
ConctminffJllbinm, under whose Procurator-
thipjamti was slain; as alto u/ia( Ed\ficts
were bnill by Jlgripfa.
\ I. And now Ciesar, upon hearing of |Jie death
of Featus, sent Albinua into Judca, as procura-
tor. Uut the king deprived Joseph of the high
prieathood, and beatowed the succeaaion to that
dignity on tlie son of Ananus, who was also him-
self called Ananus. Now the report goes, that this
elder Anttnua proved a moat fortunate man; for he
had five sons, who hud nil j)erfonued the oflice of a
high priest to Uod>ahd he had hiiAself enjoyed that
dignity fornierlvc a long (Inie, which had never
happened (fl any other of our high priests. But
this younger Anauiis, who, aa we have told you
already, took the high priesthood, was a bold
man in hia teiitper, and very insolent; he was
also of the sect of the Saddiiceea.f who are very
rigid in judging olfenders above the reat of the
Jews, as we huve already observed : when, there-
fore, *Ananus was of this disposition, he thought
he had viow a propef opportunity [to exerci!>e his
authority.] Festus was now dead, and Albinua
waa but npoii tl^ road; ao he as!<embled the
sanhedrim ofjuoges, and brought before them
the brother of Jesus, who was called Christ,
whose name waa James, and some others, [or
sonic of hia companion^i.] And when be had
formed an accusation against them as breakers
of the law, he delivered them to be stoned ; but
aa for those who seemed the moat equitable of
the citizens, an(} such aa were the most uneasy
nt the breach of the laws, they disliked what was
done; they also sent to the king, [Agrippa,] de-
airing him to send to Ananus that he ahuuld act so
no more, lor that what he had already done was
not to be justified : nay, aonie of them went also to
meet Albinus, as he waa upon his journey from
Alexandria, and informed him that it was not
lawful for Ananus to assemble a sanhedrim with-
out his consent.^ Whereupon Albinus complied
with what they said, and wrote in anger to Ana-
nua, and threatened that he would bring him to
punishment for what he had done; on which king
Agrippa took the high priesthood from b<m when
he had ruled but three months, and made Jesus
the son of Damneus high priest.
2. Now as soon aa Albinua was copie to the
city of Jerusalem, he used all bis endeavors and
cain. that the country might be kept in peace,
and this by destroying many of the Sicarii. Dut
as for the high priest A>nanias,|| he increased in
t Of this condemnation of Jamoa the Juat, and its
causes, as also that he did not die till long afterward, see
Prim. Christ. Rcvive(l,vol. iii. cli. 4a — 16. The Panhc-
drim condemned our Saviour, but could not put him to
death without the approbation of IheKoman procurator;
nor could therefore Ananias and hia sanhedrim do more
here, since they never liad Albinua's approbation for
the pnttinic this Janiea to death.
II This Anuiiins was not the aon of Nehedeua,nR I take
it, but be who was calleif Aiinaa, or Ananus the elder,
thcOth inlhecntulouue, and who had been esteemed
high priest for a lonir time, and,heaide«C'aiaphas hia son-
in-law, had five of hia own sona high prieaia after him,
which were those of nunihera It, 14, 15, 17, 34, in the
foregoing cataluguc. Nor onght we to pass slightly over
what Joaeplma here says of thia Anna* or Ananiaa, that
lie waa high pricat n long,timo before hia children were
; ho Waa the aon of Beth, and ia set down first for high
pr)eit,iB Jie rorcgoing catalogue, undar numoer v. U«~
later than this liigb priest in all Joscpbiu.
k, ntiio gHtt them
built itund. Thii
KTBtil'y I'nnpea,
UD woman, ami had
ro, and who gave
1 tu go thrir way
and Inhniacl an
II as the kine heard
ienthood to Jote)ih,
ifSiiiiun, formerly
ie/io« Procurator-
lUo what Edifices
earing of tjie denth
lildca, H) procura-
Joseph of thv high
Ducccasion to that
who was bIho hliii-
!port goea, that thi^
rtunate man; for he
inued the utTice of a
liiAself enjoyed that
e, which had never
high priests. But
I we have told you
thood, was a bold
r insolent; he was
ee»,t who are very
ve the rnst of the
rved : when, there-
osition, he thought
lity [to exerciiie his
dead, and Albinm
he as!<embled the
jught before thein
was called Cliriat,
some others, [or
Lhd when be had
them as breakers
1 to be stoned ; but
I most equitable of
e the must uneasy
' disliked what was
ng, [Agrippa,] de-
al he should act so
d already done was
if them went also to
n his journey from
lui that it was not
a sanhedrim with-
ii Albinus complied
te in anger to Ana-
ould bring him to
>ne; on which king
ood from l^ini when
hs, and made Jesus
St.
I was copie to the
bis endeavors and
be kept in peace,
fthe Sicarii. But
i,|| he increased in
loa the Just, and its
ill long aflerward, see
43— to. ThePanlie-
t could not put him to
heKoman procurator;
lis sanbedrim do more
lua's approbation for
of Nehedeus, na I take
, or Ananus the elder,
> had been esteemed
ides Caiaphas h Is son-
il|;h priests after him,
,14, 15, 17, 34, in the
re to pass slightly over
nnasor AnaniaR, (hat
bre bis children were
«t down flrst for hly h
muMr numoer v. U«
PHOK XX;^^HAP. X.
4OT
■Ad
citi-
great
m
• i
-:
■H
riory cy«ry rfny, "nil thn to « great degree,
had obtained the favor and esteem of the
tens in ■ signal manner, fur he was ij (,
lioardir up of money; he therefore cultivated
the fiirlidshipof Albinus, and of the high priest
"^Jenin,! by miking them presents; he. also had
■- .■■ i.i.. . »«.u u/i>'li«iL who Joined
and
'ho JO
leopTe,
icrvants who were very wicked,
theinsrivcs to the boldest sort ol the p*o|;
went to the thrashing lloors, and took awav the
lithfs lli«t lielonged to the priests by violence,
and did not refrain from biutiiig sucli ns would
not give these tithes to theiii. So the other high
priests acted in the like iimiiner, as did those his
icrvants, without Biiyoiies being able to prohloit
them; as that [some of thej priests that of old
were wont th be suiipiirted with those tithes,
died for want of food. .
3. Hut BOW the Sicarii went into the city by
night, just before the festival, which Was now at
liniid, and took the scribe belonsing t",}''* go-
vernor of the temple, whose name was Kleaiar,
who was the son of Ananus [Ananias] tlus high
priest, and bouiid hini, and carried liim away
with them; after which they sent to Ananiuf,
anil said that they would send tlic scribe tp biui,
-if he would persuade Albinus to release ten of
those prisoners which he had caught of tlicjr
parly ; so Ananias was jilainly forced to persunde
Albinus, and. gained hi* request of him. This
was the beginning of greater calamitie.s; for the
robbers perpetually ciiiitriveil .to catch some of
Ananian'sservaiits, and when they had taken them
alive, tiny would not let them go, till they there-
by recovered some of their own Si^rii. And as
they were again become ho sniajpfcuiiiber, they
grew bold, and were a great ftfllictiun to the
whole country. v . .
4. About this time it was that king Agrippa
iMiilt Ciesarea I'hilippi larger than it was before,
and, in honor of Nero, named it Neronias. Aijd
when he had built a theatre at Berytus, with vast
■ expense, he bestowed on them shows, to be ex-
hibited every year, #ind spent therein many ten
tbobsand [drachma;;] he also gave the people a
largess of corn, and distributed oil among them,
and adorned the entire city with statues of his'
own donation, and with original images made bv
ancient hands; Say, he almost transferred all
that was most ornamental in his own kingdom
thither. This made him more than ordinarily
hated by his subjects; because he took those
things away that belonged to them, to adorn a
fore^ncity. And now Jcnus the son of Gamaliel
became the snccessor of Jesus, the son of Dani-
neus, in the high priesthood, which the king had
taken from the other; on which account a sedi-
tion arose between the high priests, with regard
to one anothor; for; they got together bodies of
the boldest sort Of the peoiile, and frequently
came, from repfOHchest to throwing of stones at
-each other. But Ananias was too hard for the
rest by his riches, which enabled him to gain
those that were most ready to receive. Costo-
barns, also, and Saulus, did themselves get to-
gether a multitude of wicked wretches, and this
oeciiuse they wei-e of the royal family ; and so
they obtained favor among them, because of
" theu kindred to Agrippa; but still they used
violence with the people, and were very ready to
plunder those that were weaker than tlieiuselves.
And from that it principally came to pass, , that
our city was greatly tlisoidered, and that all
things grew worjo*«lil worse among us.
was made by anirinua and continued till lahmael, the
l«h in nunilier.for aliout twenty-three ycara,whichlpng
duration of bis hiab prioBtliMMl. Joined to the succession
of his sun-in luw,anil five rliihircii of hi|Own,madeiiini
atari of iierpetiial bid) priest ,and wnsJKrbapa the occa-
sion tliSt former liiiib priests liept tlicir titles ever after-
ward: for 1 liclicveil isli.nrdlyihcl with lieforcbini,
. . ♦Tbisinsoleiitiictitionofsoinooftlic t.evitcs.tpwear
the snecrdntat iiarnieiils when tliey sun!! hymns toGnd
In the temple, was very probably owin: to the great de-
■ 53 ■ .
5, But when Albinus heard that Gm«iim Florw
was coining to succeed hjiu, he was deiiroui to
appear to do somewhat that might be gralefol
to the people of Jerusalem; to lie brought out
all those prisimers who seemed to him to be the
most plainly worthy of death, and ordered them
16 be put to death •accordingly. Hut at to thoto
who had been put into prison on tome triflia|[ oc- ,
cations, he took money of Iheni, and ditmiited
theni; by which means the pritont were emptied,
but the country wat filled with robbert.
6. Aow, M many of the Levitet,* whicb il
a tribe of ouri, us were lingers of hymnt, p«r-
luaded the king to auenib|e a sanhedrim, and
to give them leave tu wear lin«h garH«en|i, at
well at the priests; for they laid, that thit would
be a work worthy the. timet of hit rovernment,
that he might have a memorial of inch a novelty,
as being Ins doing. Nor did they fail of obUininJK
their desire; for the king, witli the tuffraget of
those that came Into the sanhedrim, granted th«
singers of hymns thit privilege, that they may
lay aside their former garments, and *ear such
a linen one as they desired ; and at a part of thit
tribe ministered in the temple, he also permitted
theni to learn those hymns as they had besought
him for. Now.all this was contrary to the laws
of our country, which, whenever they have be«D
transgressed, we have never been able to avoid
the punishment of such l.r-ansgressioJis.
7. And now it was that the temple wat finish
ed-t So when the people tnw thai the worknieit
were unemployed, who were above eighteen
thousaud, and that they, receiving no wagei,
were in want, because they had earned their
bread by their labors about the temple, and
while they were unwilling to keep <Jieni by the
treasures that were there deposited, out of fear
of [their being carried away by] the Romans,
and while they had a regard to the making pro-
Vision for the workmen, they had a mind to et-
penil those treasures upon them; for if any one
of theni did but labor for a single hour, 'he re-
ceived bit pay Immediately; »p they pertuaded
him to rebuild the eastern cloistieri. Thesa
cloisters belonged to the outer court, and were
situated in a deep valley, and had walls that
reached four hundred cubits [in length,] and were
built of tquare and very white ttonet, the length
ol each ot which ttonet wat twenty cubiu, and
their height si» cubits. Thit wat the, work of
king Solonion,t who first of all built the''eDtire
temple. But king Agrippa, who had the care of
the temple committed to iiiiu by.Claudiut Cietar,
considering that it is easy to demolish any Build-
ing, but hard, to build it up again, and that it
was particularly hard to do it to thete cloittert,
whicii would require a considerable time, and
great sums of money, he denied the petitiohert
their request about that matter; but he did not
obstruct theni when they desired the city might
be paved with white stone. He alto deprived
Jesus the son of Gamaliel of the high priesthood,
and gave it to Matthias, the ton of Tbeophilut,
under whom the Jewii' war with the Romadt took
iti beginning.
CHAP. X.
'An^Envmerationof the High Priutt.
} 1. And now I think it proper and agreeable
to this history, to give an account of our high
priests; how- they began, who those are'which
we capable of that Vpi^y* •"'' •""* """"y »f
preation and contempt theBaughty high priett bad now
broiwlit tbeir brethren the prieaU into; of which tee
ch.viii.sect. Ijaiidch.ii.sect.S. ... .^
t Of tills flnisliing, not of the Naoj, or *»/» *oiim, but
of tliB'i?e»,orcouri8,ntioiit it, called in p^nenil the «ai.
»fe, tec the'note on B. xvil. f h. I. tect. 8.
1 Of tbcse rlaislert of Solomon, teethedttcrlption of
the temple, cb. xiii. 'i'hey teem, by Joeepbutt wonli.
to have been built froin the bottom of the valley. .'
^.
w.
I' <■-
m ■
408
Ihaiii Ihera bad bccq it the end of th« ir»r. -In
UM-linl nl«M, •h»r*fi>r«>. hiilnry inK.rmi un, tha<
• Aaron, (he brother of Moiei, ofliciiilcd to OmI ■>
• bilfh print, and that, after hii death, bif loaa
•uceMde4 him immediately; and th«t (bii dir-
»"? »••» been continued down from them all to
tbeir poiterity. Wbance it ii a cuatoiu of our
2'*''5''?V<*''?* "" *•"" •"">"'•' '•ke •!« hirh priett-
beod of God, but be who ii of the blood of Aaron,
Wbile ever* one that it of another itock. though
Be were a kiOK, can never nbtain that high prieil-
Hood. Accordingly, thp number of all the high
pricita from Aaron, 6f whoin >« have tpoken
already, aa of the firat of them, until I'hanaa,
who waa made high (irieat during the war by the
aeditioUf waa eighty-three; or whom thirteen
offlMated at hirh prieita in the wildemeii, from
the daya of Motea, while the tabernacle waa
atanding, until the people came into Judea, when
lung Solomon erected the temple to God: for at
the 6r.t they held the high prieilhodd till the end
of their life, although afterward they had auc-
^^eaiora while they were alive. Now these .thlr-
r teen, who were the ciracendanta of fwo of the
ipna of Aaron, received thit dignity by auccea-
1100, one after another; for their fprra of Rovern-
mept waa an ariitocntcy, and after that a mo-
narchy, and in the third place the government
*»aar««al. NoW,.thenumberofye«rt during the
rule of thete thirteen, from the day when our
ratheri departed out of Kgypt, under Moi.es their
leader, until the buil.ling of that tvmi.le which
king Solomon erected at ^Jerusalem, were aix
hundred and twelve. After those thirteen hieh
pneits, eighteen took the high prieathood at Je-
niialeni, one in inrcessipn to aiwthfr, from the
dayt of king Solomon^ unlil. Nebuchadneuar,
King of tiabylon, made an expedition against that
city, and burnt the (emiile, and removed our na-
tion into Babylon, and then look Jotedek; the
bigh priest, captive; the timea of these high
prieata were four hundred siity-six years six
montha and ten daya,.while the Jewa were tllll
. anderihe regal governmenT. But after the term
or aeventy yeara'captivilr. under the Babvlo-
niani, Cyrua, king of Persia, sent the Jews from
Babylon to their own land again, and rave them
leave to rebudd their temple; at wTiich time,
Veaus, the ton of Joaedek, took the hich priest-
hood over the captives when they were'^eturned
ii^A ^"^ ^" .".°'* •■'» po'terity. who were in
Ml fifteen, until king Antiochus Eupator, were
nnder a democratical government for four hun-
dred and fourteen years; and then Abe foremen-
tioned Antiochua, and Lyaiaa the general of his
«rmy, denrivedOnias, who was also called Me-
gelaus, of the high priesthood, and slew him at
Bare^ and driving away the son [of Oniaa the
tHird, I put Jacimus into the place of the high
tneat, one that was indeed of the stock of Aaron,
at not of the family of Oniaa. On which ac-
count, Ofilas; who was the nephew of Onias that
waa dead, and bore the s^me name with his
'■V"«'V*'S?? '"'" J?5?P*' '"•• K»' into the friend-
tbiD of PtaTediy Philometer, and' (Heopatra hia
w||e, and persuaded them to make him the high
priest of that temple which he built to God in
theprafectul-e.of Heliopolis, and this in imita-
Uon of that at Jerusalem; but as for that temple'
ANTIQUITIES OP THE JEWS.
6
hood; and wl)fn he waa deitroyed at ■ feast by
the treachery of hit son-in-law, hia own too,
whoae name «vat llyrcanua, aucceeded him, after
he had held the high priesthood one year longer
than his brother. This Hyrcanua enjoyed that
dignity thirty yeara,an<l died an old roan, leavinc
the aueceation to Judaa, who waa alio called
Arlstobukis, whose brother Alexander was bit
heir; which Judas died of a sore diatempep, after
he bad kept the priesthood, together with the
royal authority, {for thia^Judas was the 6rst that
put on hiB bead a-diad«im.) for one year. 'And,
when Alexander had been both king and high
prieat for twenty-seven years, b» departed thia
life, and permitted his wife Alexandra to appoint
him that should be hi^h priest; so the gme th«
high prieslhood to ffyrcaniis. but retained the
fcingilom herself nine yeara, and then departed
this life. The likeduration [and no longer] did her
son Hy rcanus elijoy the high priesthood ; for after
her death his brotber Aristobulus fought against
him, and beat him, and deprived biiq of his prin-
cipalitv; and he did himself both reign, and per-
form the office of high priest to God. But wlien
he bad reigned three yeara and as many montha,
romper came upon him, and not only tbok tha
"}y of J*mu\tm bv force, but put him and
hia children in^bonda, and sent them to Rome.
He also restored the high priesthood to Hyrca-
nut, tiui made him governor of the nation, but
forbade him to wear a dihdem. This Hyrcanua'
ruled, besides his first nine years, twenty-four'
years more, when Barzapfaarnea and Paeorlia,
the gencmU of the Farthians, patted, over Eu-
phrates, and fought with Hyrcanua, and took him"
alive, and made Antigonut, the ton of Aristo-
bulus. king; and when he had reigned three
years and three montha, Sosius and Herod be-
sieged bim, and took him, when Antony had him
brought to Aiitioch, and slain there. Herod waa
then made king bj the Romana, but did no longer
appoint high priests out of the faroilyt of Aa-
moneus; but made certain men to be ao that were
of no eminent families, but barely of those that
were pnests, excepting thqt he rave that dignity
1. 1 L "*• ^^^ ""*"" *■* had made this Aris-
which was built m L^pt, we have spokeh of it
Xflwquenlly already l^ow, when Jacimiia had re-
ained the high pnealhood llhree years, be died,
apd there waa no Qn« th^gMcci^ded bim, but the
City centinued seven yem without a high priest:
- but then the posterity of the ton's of Aamoneua .
- Who had the government of the nation conferred
' upon them, when they 'had beaten Um Mace-
dpnlana in war, appointed Jonathan t^T be their
bigh priest, who ruled over them seven 'years
And when he had been >alain by the treacherous
contrivance of Trypboraa we have relate^ n^rfie-
Where, bitoon his brother took the high
upriett-
tobulua, the grandson of that Hyrtanua who waa
then taken by the Parthiant, and had Uken hia
sitter Mariamne to wife, he therelnr aimed to
wm the good-will of the people, who badl kind
remembrance of Hyrcanua [hia grfcndfather.l
Yet did he afterward, out of hit. fear lest they
should all bend their inclinf^tions to^ristobulua.
put him;to death, and thM by contriving to have
him suffocated as he.wat iwimming at Jericho, aa
we have already related that matter; but after
thit man be never intrusted the high priesthood
to the posteritv of/the aona if Asmoneus. Ar-
chelaus also, Herod's ton, did tike ^is father in
the appointment of the high priests, as did the
Komanaalao, who took the government over ihe
Jewa into theii' hands afterward. Accordinelr ,
the numbers oflhe high prieats, from the days
of Herod until the day when Titos took the tem-
ple and the city^ and burnt them, were in all
twenty -eight:, the time also that belonged to
them waa a hundred and aeven yeara. Some of
theae were the political governors of the people
urtUer iRe reip of Herod, and uadfr the refen
of Archelaua hw son, althoBgb, after theirdeath
the government became an aKiibdracy.'aiid tbe ';'
high priests Vf^re intrusted with a dominion over
the nation. And thu( much may aaffi?e to ba
aaid concerning oui'^igh prieata.
CRAP. XI.
CcneerningFlonii Ike Proaintdr, wAo iweciai.
tated theJttBl to take vp^rmiagoitut the Koi
manst The ConeiuHon. •
JA". ^^^•?''"' ••''onia, who, waa tent at '
r •
c
r i
n
w
i -
\ - . b
■-. b
fa
- ^
'CI
ti
ao
D
n<
ca
K»
pa
HI
ha
"^ bi
■Jf
K
ha
ih
th
"on
* to
•m
A.
i < am
tat
V the
litl
COI
1. aitwt
9- ••'
rat
wh
"■ i ■ S
my
evi
am
i ' livi
« ma
i .aa
■ %
hai
oia
ce<i
bfo
■ •', ' «
r •/«
• uu
thai
Aaai
•da
i the
1 thot
1 bea
1 Um
1 abri
i- .. f—
t •• wW,
{ Mil
m *'*'
it wau
M ***■
m «*i
aucceator to Albinui.by Jfa r o, gUad Judea with
.V-
'm:.:;
w. •.-.
ojred at ■ frait bj
w, hit own aoB, .
cccedcd him, iftar
<i one y«iir lunrtr
uiui vnjoyed that
n old man, Irarinc
waa alto called
Uexander w«> hit
re ditteniprp, after
logetber with the
I wai the firtt that
>r oiie year. 'And i
ith kin^ and hieh
h» departed thit
ixandra to appoint
; to the ^^e th«
but retained tha
nd then departed
no longer] did her
ieithood; for alter .
ilut fought Rgaintt
d .hint of hii prin-
Ih reign, and per-
1 tiod. But when
I at many monthi,
lot only tbok tha
but put hiui and
It themto Rome,
ithopd to llyrca-
if the nation, but,
. Thit Hyrcanus
eara, twenty-four'
le^ and Paeoriia,
paaaed.OTer Eu-_
nut, and took him"
he son of Ariito-
nd reigned three
t and Herod be-
1 Antony had hiin
^ere. Herod waa
but did no longer
le fnmilyt of Al-
to be to that u'pre
ely of those that
gave that dignity
dmade this Aria-
yrtanua who wat
id had taken hit
hereby ainjed to
, who (iad a kind
lit grlindfather.]
I it, fear leat they
la to^i^atobului,
>ntriWng to have
ing at ,fericho, at
natter; but after
high priesthood
Aamoneua. Ar-
ilie 'hia father in
ieata, at did the
immrnt over )he
■d. ■ Accordingly ^
t, from the days
:qi t6ok the tem-
lem, were in all
hat belonged to
years. Some of
n of the people
under the reign
iftef tljeifd^th
tocracjr, and the .'
a dominion over
ay iaffi?e to bo
or, ivAo iweciri-
lagainttiheRo'
abundance of niaarIA: He warbrtirth of the
city of Cliuomenn, and brought along with hini'
hit wife Cleopatra, (bv whole friemlthip with
Poppea, Nero't wife, he obtained thit Kovarn-
iiient,) whi> wat noway difffrcnt from liiiii in
wickeduett. Thit Klorut whs bo wicked, and tii
Tiuient.in the ute of hit authority, that the Jews
BOOK XX,-CHAP. XI
have conii)o.ed thit hiatory with ailfficivnl
"!■>' .l" *". ">'"«•• ' hnv.- attvmiitcd to ei
«0»
.>u>.u. ill >uc uni ui Ilia nuuiuriiy, inai me Jews
took Albiuut to have been [ccniparatively] thrir
benefactor) to elceative wece the mitchief* that
be brought upon them, tor Albinut concraled
bi«>4|[icke(lnei.t, and wat careful that it might not
be ditcovered to all Uieii; but tictiiut Florut, at
though he had been tent on purpote to thow hit
,crimei to every ba<iy, made a poiupout otteata-
tion of Iheiu to uur nation, at never omitting aby
tort of violence, nor any unjutt tort of iiunitlh
ment; for he wat nut to be moved by pity, and
never wat tatitfied with any degree of gain that
came in bit way i uur had he any more regard to
great than to tmall aci|uititiont, but became a
partner with the robbera themielvet. tor a great
many tell then into that practice without fear, at
Bavin|| bim for th«ir tecurity, and depending on
bun, tliat he would tave them h«nulei| in th^ir
Grticular robberi«; to that thel-e were no
undt net to the natlon'i miteriet; but the un-
bappv Jewa, when they were not able to bear
the devaatationa which the robbers mafle among
them, were all under a necessity o{ leaving their
own habitationa, and of BVing away, 'at honing
to dwell more easily any where else in the world
among foreignera, [ihan in their own country. I
And what need 1 aay any more upon thia head?
ainct it waa thia Horua whoneccsitilated ua to
5 1-u'' ".""• "e"'n»» "le Romans, while we
tbodght It better to be dealroyed at once, thanbr
little and little. JVo* this war began in the ae-
cond year of the government of Florua, and the
"iJ[*'^»'» 7«ar of the reign of Nero. But then
. ^at actiona ,we were forced to do, or what mi-
aeriea we were enabled to auffer. May be accu-
rately known by auch «p will peruse those books
"a . 1. M * """«" »•«>"» the Jewish war.
3. I ahall now, therefore, make an end here of
my Antiquitiei-; aftef the conclusion of which
events, I begun to write thataccount of thewar:
and theae Antiquities contain what hath been de-
livered down to ua from tbe original creation of
man, until the twelfth year of the reigo of JJero.
M to what hath befallen the Jewa, aa wellin
fcgypt aa ui Syria and inPaleatlne, and what we
have auffercd (rpia the Aaayriana and Babylo-
oiaua, and what alHictiona the Pcraiana and Ma-
cedoniaua, and after th«m the Romana, have
brought opoD ua;. for I think I may aay that I
tWiial jMephua here declare* hli initntion to io, if
UHU vri4tt,),tlu I3lh of DomWan, o"a. oTM^TnoU
2«lha»*»baenred,t.ken dlatiBctmik* oVl^^Tny o™^
S?ifL?.fe™J'S.5"5*ii?*'^ '' ^ •* olwrvation'or
wW^otbei* refer to, aa written by bla, bat wbkhiM
So'Sss&5!sr?£^,^J&5i•£^
"7.';" *■' «''I"K». lhnv.'attemptcVrio','nurae.
rate those high |.ri..,is that We have bad durjnc
the interval of iwo ihouinml ycarsi I have also
carried down |h« tucc. wiun of our kinga. and re-
lated their actions, and political administration,
without [considerable] errora, aa alao the iiowar
of our monunha;' and all according to what if
written in our aacreil booka; tor thia it waa that
I promiaed to do in the beginning of thia history.
And I am ao bold aa to say, now I have ao com-
pletely perfccted the work- I propoaed to myseff
to do, thai no niherperson, whether be wer* a
Jew or a foreigner, had he evarao great an in-
elihation to it, could ao accurately deliver theaa
accounta to the (jricka aa ia done in these hooka.
for thoae of loy own nation freely acknowledge,
that I far exceed them in the learning helonnnr
to Jewa; I hhve alao uken a rreatdSal of piiM
to obtain the learning of theGreekr, and ufider-
staml the elements of the (ireek language, al-
though I have so long accustdftied myself to
apeak our own tongiie, that I cannot pronounca
Greek with tuflicieut exactneta; for our nation
doea not encourage thote that learn the Innguagca
of many nationt, and so- adorn their discourtea
vvith the tmoothness of their periods; becauie
they look upon this tort of accompliahment aa
cohimou. Hot only to all aorta of free men, but to
aa many of the aervanta aa pleate to learn them.
Hut thev give him the lettJmony of being a wit«
man, who it fully acquainted with Our laws, and
It able to ioterpret 'their meaning; on Ah irh ac-
count, aa there Ji^ve been many who have done
their endeavAt with great patience to; obtaia
this leammg, thefe have yet hardly been to many
at two or three that have tucceeded thehiin.who
were immediately well rewarded for their palni;^
u-il *."'",""'' " wilt not be perhapa an invidioliilrj; -.
thihg. If I treat bdefly on my own family, and of
the actiona of my:BwlWife,» while there kre allll
living auch as cwn either prove what I aay to b«
false, or can atteat.that it ia tme; with whickac-
counta I ahall put an endUo theae AntiquMltt;
which are contained in twenty booka, and rfi^
thousand verses. And if Godf permit liie, I lyill
briefly run over thia war again, with what "beftll
ua therein to thia very day, which ia tU thir- '
teenth year of the reign of Caeaar Domitian, and
the fifty-aixth year of my own life. I have alao
an intentian to write three booka concerning onr
Jewiah opinions aboiit God and his essence" and
about our laws; why, iiccordlug to them, aona
thinga are permitted ua to do, and othertare Dro-
hibited, • . - "^
now extant in bla workt,. ineludiat bimaeir aWefl aa
othera, •trerella any auch abridiemant, I am Toiced
/atber to wppoee that he never did publiah an^eb
w«rk at all, r mean aa distinct from Jila own lllb, wr fiea
SyJ"?."''' ***' ■■ Appendix to theae Antkulllea, ■
mill H lenat ■otrnn vjib»h _a.b ■!.... * _-t-..i-i^ ..
,£il T, \ "i-pciiui* III iiii:k Aninuniea, ana
jhh at leaat seven yeara after these Antiquitlea were tin-
hhed. Nor indeed doe* it appear to me, that Joaephia
ever ^bliahed that other work herenienUoaad,aafaS^
.. tepdnl by hhn for the public alao. I mean the three or
I ipurboakie««Mr«iafOM(aai{iki>M««sca,aBd concern'
inc cat JemiMM Ins* •MAf«_Ai>MMfi*^#* #&««■....-«&.■
promised, t/0«(r«Mu(M, as the conclusion of bla pn-
rareto theae Antiquitiet; norfloIsuppoaethathacTer
puhiithed any of them. T h*e aetmaf all hJafrienilB at ,
court,VMpaalan,Titua^andl)qml|P;andthaeomlncor
thoae be had BoaeviaiBtance with to the erowB, I raoM
Nemand1^aJaB,togMh*rwitbMar«BMiTalftouRoM .
2/k te 7"" J!*"' 'W'ow*' «.jWiht aiiUy iaUrmpt
twh hli lataaiiona, and pravenl hi»patUcaiiM oflbfaa
■ravKL _ . , '
\---
IjOwaaaentai
Ucd Jodea witb
•.V
V
"■ 49
;
\<
/ THE WARS OF^THE JEWS; ;
or; the HIOTORY of ^rilE DESTRI^TIOS Ot;^JERU9ALEM.
PREFACE.
1 1. Whbumi* tb« w«r which th«Jei>tn«d«
with tha Romim h»th been the grtateit of all
thota, tmt, oiily that hava been in our tinmt,
bot, in a maonir, of thoie that e»«r were heard
of; both of thou wherein citiei have fouBht
■|«in>t ciliei, or hationi againtt nationi; while
•onie men who were not concerned' in the affaira
tkemuWei, ha»a rotten together' vain and con
Ro'mana, while thejr ititl diminiih and leiicn tha
action* of the Jewi" as not ditceniing how It can-
not be that thonn miiit appear to be^ great who
have only co'Dquered tho«e that were little. Nor
are they aihamed to oterlook the length of lh«
war, the multitude of the Rohian forcei who lo
greatly "iflered in it, or the might of the com-
nianiltrf; when* great lalmra about Jeru«B|eiD
S^tnnlrr'a'.SphSi'm.nneri and while ^e r-JoneJ but iMmall n.at .^ ^ ^^^
y -^^fih^gi^i^:?^??^^ if?i?\?S^H^"isiS;
of my countrymen too highr; but I will proiectfte
the actions of both parties with accuracy. ^Yet
shall I suit my language to the passions I am
under, as *o the affairs I deicribc, and must be
allowed to indulge some laiiientallons upon the
miseries undergone tfy my own co^intry. for
that it wa^ a ;itditioiis temper of our own that
destroyed it; and that they were th« tyrnnu
among the Jews who brqiight the Roman power
brew, a priest also, and «ne wno «i ur« .ouguv upon us. who "".""''"F''. .V'i!l*^"';^ %Z
a^rnstthe Romans myself, and waa forced to b« sloW the, burning ol .7'. ''"'y '^/P^'li,! ,",'
^jent a. what 'waa'done afterward. [I am the j C-J„«^^ :S'liV.;i.it^^^^^^^^^^^
n'°io°L'ar.hT,^ji;Lheuthi.g..tc„«cu.sion : ?4:;.u^^^^
those that were there present have given false
accounU of things, and this either out of humor
or flattery to the l^omans, or of hatred towards
the Jews; and while their writing* contain some-
times accusations, and sometimes enconnuiiis,
but nowhere the accurate truth of the farts; I
have propose<l to myself, for the sake of such as
live under the governmeftt of the Romans, lo
translate those books into the Greek tongue,
which I formerly composed in the language of
our country, tn(l sent to the Upper Barbarians.t
1, Joseph, the son of Matthias, by birth a He-
brew, a priest also, and 5ne who at first fought
were Ihemsclve/ in great disorder; Those Jews
«lso,>hp were for innovations, then arose when
the &ji0|^were disturbed; they were also in a
flouusbihg condition /or strength and riches, tn-
iom>i^ that the affairs of thfc east were then ex-
■^T^-^^.:^-^S^^€sSzu^ii;±;:^ts£. ■
ceeoingiy luiouiiuuus, wmic •ui.i«> mwi^^. .— p-- '
Md olGer* were afraid of lass, in such troubles;
for the Jews hoped that all of their nation who
were beyond Euphrates, ivould have raiieil an
iniurection together with them. The Gauls
■lto,.i|i the neighborhood of the Romans, were
in motion, and the Celtffi were not quiet; but all
was in disorder after the death of Nero. And the
opportunity now offered induced many to aim at
out _
therefore ui auauiu •-■■■b •"- 1'.^ . 1,
in -affairs of such great consequence and to une
■o notice of it;Jout to suffer those Greeks and
Romans that wese not in the wars to be ignorant
portunity now offered induced many to aim at
r royal power; and the soldiery affected change
t of the hop«s of getting money. I thought it
srefore an alMurd thing to see the truth falsified
lowed time to the sitge, in order to let the nu-
thors have opportunity for repentance. But if
anyone makes an unjust accusation against ui,
when we speak so passionately about the ty-
rants', or the robbers, or sorely bewail the niu-
fection* herein, though it be contrary to the rules
for writing histo.y; because it had so conie to
na»(>, that our city, Jerusalem, had arrived at a
Jiighcr -degree of felicity than, any other ntr
under the Roman government, and yet at last fell
into the sorest calamities again. Accordingly, it
appear* to me, that the mistortunest of all men,
from the beginning of the world, if they be com-
mred to these of the Jews, are not so considera-
ble as they were; while the aiithorsof them were
not foreigner* neither. This mkkes it imposii-
ble for me to Contain my lamentations. But, if
any one be inflexible in his ceawres of me, let
him attribute the fact* themselves to the histon-
ictions, while the Parthians and the Babylonians, »"'f ""'•'
•nd the remotest Arabians, and those of our na-
tion beyond Buphrate*. with the Adiabeni. by
qiy means, knew accurately both whence the
war begun, what miseries, it brought upon us,
and after what manner it ended.
3. It is true, these writers have the confidence
to call their account* histories, wherein yet ther
seem to me to fail of their own purpose, as well
■s to relate nothing that is s6und. For the/
have' a mind to demonstrate the greatness of the
• I have already oliaerved more timn once, that tbto
hMorv of the Jewish war watf Josephns'sflrrt worfc,
' and puWislied ahflot A.D.7S,when h«»wa»liutfl8yeara
'Sim: andibat wjljlke wrote It be was not thorough
ly acquainted virl^fcveral cjrcanisunc** of hijtorv
iWmthe day* of AnttoehM Epl|>han*^ '^M"""''
lietina.tUln«wlyhl* own tl«wa,>»BUlB«di*th*nn{
I Ud former part ofllmateond hpoh, an* •» «>"m'"^
'^mTny Invotanltry arrorathtt*!!!. That hepbliahed
hi» AntklSitie* 18 year* aft«tward»hithe I3th year of
DomltlaSiri): fliwhen howaamuefimoracomplele-
ly acquainted with thoae •»«••■♦«'"?•• 5!!* •™',i2
bad P*nu«d thoae mo*fr aiittaontle hWorles, the llr*t
>ook!rfth«MM«tli W«.andwrffetb e ehronld Mefthe
. ■IrtNthood ofJohnHyrcann*.**. Tnat.aewirdlngly,
-' be then reviewed tho«eparta of thta work, andiavetbe
BuMIc a morefaltlinil, complete.and arcuute account
•r the facta therein related, and boneiUy corractad the
wran ha bad before rua iato.
Vs. However, I may justly blame the learned
mena^onglhe Greeks, who, when such grejt
actions have ffeen done in their own times, which,
upon the comparison, quite lelipscd the old wars,
dd Mt sit as judges of those affairs, and p»>s
bitter censures upon the labor* of the best wri-
ters of antiquity; .which moderns,. although they
may be superior to the old writen in eloquence,
y«t are they inferior to them in the extcution of .
what they upended todo; While these also writ*
t Who thoae Upper Barbartan* remote from the sea, '
weie. Joeenhus himself wUI Inform u*. sett. 8, yl». th*
Parthian* and BAylonJan*, and ramotest Arabians [or
the Jewa among tbert. ;J be«fclw tbe^ Jew* Jeyoad Eb-
nhrataa, an&tbe Adiabehl or A**yrlan*. Wbknce w*
alio learn, (hat the*ePartbl*ii*rBabyJpnlani. the le-
"^ V^rVi t^ »!»»■* ak^ ■!■■■■ ■M^M»» thaw,.! —
also learn, ina*" »n«»o»»f»w"«ii»r«'.»"j^wM"».— .■ —---
amtest AraMan*. toratl«M«tbo Jew* "»»»f «J2"J!; •
alaothe Jewa beyond Euphratea, and tboAdlabenUor
Asvrten*,, understood J<Who*> "•^ff"'.?' ' jI2
ChddUe book* of the Jewiah War, before they ««i*
nut into the Greeklannage.
IThattheae ealamitie* of tbe Jew*, who were oar
BaThmr^ murderera, vrere to ta the grvateM Wat l««
everten aiBceihebetliinlagof the wotW, onrSayloar
badfS ei iUy l i >ie t e l d . Matt, xilv. 81 1 M a rk xi " ' '« ■
- -^.23,24; and that they proved to be ■uch**-
, Joaephw I* ben amoet *n<bontic witq.***-
I* > 410 '
■ ." ■
1 "
\ a
I tl
> m
f. "
'• fii
tl
■. , t«
-,l»i
.''01
\ K
i h,
Luke
cordf
-a|eet
;eM.
Ibi^y.
^- — ,
JSALEH.
liniih and leucn Iht
Mcniing how U etn-
■r to be gml who
i«t were little. Nor
ok the length nt th«
ohian forcei who lo
L^iiiiKht of the com- ,
)r9 iiljout Jerii«aleiD
I what they achieved
ter. .» .
to the other extreme
en who eit6l the.Ro-
f tq raifi<^ the HCtioni
but 1 will prosccitts
with accumcy. Yet
the paijiona I am •
iicribc, and muit be
iiK'ntallona upon the
own co'kintry. Kor
iper of our own that
ley were th« tyrnnti
e;ht the Roman powtr
Hacked ua, and occa-
holy temple; Titui
II hiniicif a witnt'19,
pitied the people, who
itioui, and did often
i;«r th« city, .and al-
order Jo let the au-
r repentance. Uut if
iccuiation againtt ui,
anately about the t^-
arcly bewail the niii-
et. him indulf^e riiy af-
e centrary to the riilei
lae it had ao come to
em, had arrived at a
than, any other citv
ent, and yet at last fell
gain. Accordingly, it
Hbrtuneat of all men,
arorld, it' they be com-
, are not ao conaidera-
e aMthOrs'of them were
hia' mkkea it inipoiii-
lanicDtations. But, if
ita ceBtnres of me, let
maeires to the histori-
ioni ttr the writer him-
itly blame the learjtcd
vho, when such great
heir own timea, which,
e lelipaed the old wan,
hoae aflaira, and paai
abort of the beat wri-
noderna,. although they
1 writenJD eloquence,
ent in the execution of .
While theae alio writ!
riani^ remote flrbm the aaa. '
iBform ua, aect. 3, viz. tit*
and ramoteat Arahiana [of
depthe Jewa beyoad Ea-
r Aayriana. Whkncewt
lanarBabjJonlaM, the le-
the Jevi ainoDf thepi.lM .
atea, aad tte. Adlabentor
phoa'* Hebrew, or rather
lah War, before they Wori
r the Jewi, who were oar ■
> he the grtiateat (hat had
I of the world , our Savloai
'iiW.aii M a rk l UI . i« ;
PREFACE.
411
Mw hiatoriea about the Aaiyriani and Medea,
a< if the anciant writera had m)t ileacribed their
aSaira aa they ought lo have (hine; iklihough
(beae he m far inferior to them in abilitira, u
they are dirierent^ their noliona fron them.
For of old, eviiryjont took upon them td write
what happened io Hia own time; whepe tb^ir im-
medijite concern in the aetiooa rngMf their pro-
mlaea pf- value; and where it mulffift^reproach-
ful to write Ilea, when they muat ai'lppwn by
the readers to bf auch. 'Uut then, an undertaking
t0 nreaerve the memory of what hath not been
;lMrpre recorded, and to reprcaent the aS'aira of
one's own time to thoae that come afterward, ia
really worthy nf praiae and comiiemlation. tt(oW,
he ia to be ealeenne^ to have taken good pains in
eirnest, not who does no more than change the
diapoaition and order of other men's works, but
he who not only rehiti;s what had not been rela-
ted before, but composes an entire body of histV'
ry of his own; accordingly, 1 have been at great
'about
.... „ '#-
dic^te this wnrk, aa a memorial of great aetidK,
chawea, and have taken verr great pains [a
this liialory ,] though I be a foreigner! and doi
both to (he (ireeks and lo the itarbariana. Kut,
for some of Qur own principal men, their mouths
are wide open, and their tpngues loosed pnaent-
ly, for gain and lawauits, but quite muitled up
when they are to write history, where they muat
speak truth and~gathcr facta together with a
Sre^t deal of pains; and so they leave the wri-
ng such histories to weaker people, and to such
as are not accjuainled with the actions qf princes.
Yet ahall the real truth of historical facts be pre-
ferred br us, how nuieh aoever it be neglected
among the (ireek historiaiu.
6. To write concerninf^ the Antiquities of the
Jewa, who tliey were [originally,] and how they
fevol ted from the Kgyptians, and what cquntry
they travelled over, and what countries they
sailed upon afterwani, and how they were remo-
ved out of them, I tKlhk this not tobe a-trTop-
por^liity, and,' on other accounts also, auper-
llaoua; aqd thia because many Jews before roe
have composed the histories of our ancestors
^ very exactiv; as have some of the tireeks done
it also; and have translated our his^ries into
their own tongue, and have not much mistaken
the truth in their histories. But then, where the
writers of these atfairs,- and our prophets leave
off, thence shall 1 take my rise, and l>e|;in my
history. Mo^ as to what concerns .that war,
which 'happened in my own time, I will go over
it very laivety, and With all the diligence I am
r able; liut ,ior what preceded mine own age, that
I shall run over briefly.
7. [For example, I shall relate] how Antio-
ehns, who jvas named Kpiphanei, took Jerusv
lem by force, and . htld it three years and three
months, and was then ejected oiJt of the country
by the sons of Asmoneus; after that, how. their
posterity quarrelled about the gpvcrnmrni, aitd
brought upon their s<^ttlement the Romans and
Pompey; how Herod ^|s6,the son of Antfpatcr,
diaaolved their goi^emmeot, and brought Sosiak
nponlhem; aa alsoJiow our people made a sedi-
., tian upon Herod's d^th, while Aurustu|>wasthe
Rdman emperor, and Quintiliu* Varus'* was in
that country; and how the war brdke out in the
twelfth year 'of Nero, with 'what happenedT to
Cestius; and what plueei'tbe Jewsassaulted'io
a hostile manner in the &nt sallies of the war.' j
.8. Aaalso. [I shall rei«(] how they built walla'
, abent the neighboriog citfcl^ 'and how Nero,
. ttpon Cestius'a d,e<<Mt, wa» iii fear of the entire
, j«vent of the War.Sand thereupon made Vespasiaa
Vetteral in this war; and how this Vespasian, with
the elder of bis sons, [Titua] made an espedition
into the country of Jadea; what was tfie miftiber
. of the Roman army, that he ma^je use of; and how
. • Theee seven, or rathi^r fl ve,def rees of purity, or pari-
jkUoii, are eBamerated hereaner, b. if . chap. *, accl. 6.
w
many p( his autiliariei were cut off hi all Gali>
lee; and how he took sonui of its cities entirely
and by force, anil others of them by treaty, awl
on terms. Now, when I rume so far, I shall de-
scribe the gou<l order of the Kohiana in war, and
the discipline of theirlegiona; the amplitude of
both the lialilrea. with ila nature, anil the limits
of Judea. Anil, briides this. I shall partieulariy
go over what ia peculiar toM country, the lakca
and fiiuntains that are in thtnl, and what miserira
happened tu every city as they were taken, an^
all this with accuracy aa I saw the things done,
or suffered in them. For I shall not conceal aojr
of the calamities I myself endured, aiiice I shall
relate them to such aa know the truth of then*.
9. After this, [i shall relate] how, when Iha
Jews' affairs were become very bad, -Nero died, ^
and Vespasian, when he was gofnr to attack Je-
rusalem, was called back tu lake the government
upon him; what signs linppeneil to hini relatiag
lo his,raining that government, and what muta-
tions of government then happened at Rome, and
bow he was unwillingly made emperor by hit
soldiers, and how', upon his departure to Kgypl,
to take upon him the government of the empire,
the affaits of the Jews became vary tumultuous ;'
as also how the tyrants rose up 'iigniiiit them,
Aid fell into dissensions amongst iHiHiiiilves.
10. Moreover, [f shall relate] hew 'Fitus nfareh-
ed out of Kgypt into Judea the second time; at .
also how, and where, anil how many forces he rot
together, and in what state the cily was, by th«
means of tfie seditious, at his coming; whiit at-'
tacks he made, aiid how niany ramparts he cast '
''up: of the three walls that encompassed the citv,
a(id of their measures; of the strength of the
city, apd the structure of the temple, and holy
house; and besides, the measures of those edi-
ficea, and of the altar, and all accurately •deter-
mined. A description also of certain of their?
festivals, and seven purifications of purity.* and
tlio sa<;red minislratioiis of the priests, with the'
garments of the priests, and of the high prieats;-
ai^d of the nature of the moat holy place of the
templ^, without concealing any thing, or addinr
any thin^; to the known truth of things.
11. Alter this, I shall relate the Barbarity of
'the tyranta towarda the people of their own na-
tioii, aa well as tiA iadnleence of the Roman* in
sparing fureignera; and now often Titua, out bf
his desire to preserve the city a'nd the temple,
invited the seditious to come to terms of accom-
modation. I shall also disting^uish the sufferihgt
3f the people, and their calamitiet; how far they
ere afflicted by the sedition, and how fat by the
famine, and at Icngtb were taken. Nor shall I
,omit to mention the misfortunes of the deserters, -
nor the punishments inflicted on the captives: at
ilso how the temple Wat burnt, against the eon-
sent of Ciesar, and how manjksacred things that
had been^aid Up, in the temple, were snatched
out of the fire; and the.destruction also of the V
eotijre city, with the signs and wonders that went
before il; andUhe taking the tyrants Cantivet
and thelnultituae of those that were made slaves,
and into what different misfoHunes IW were
every one distribitted.. Moreover, what the Ro-'
mans did to the remains of the war; 'and how
they demolished the strong holds that were in
the country; and how Titu,s went over th^ whole
country, aiidyyettled its affairt; together With hit
return into Italy, and hit triumph. v
IZ.'^t bare conlprehended' all thMe thinga m
seven books; and nave left no Qccayiom for c< m- 4
plaint or accusation to. such at hare been iie* ^
auainted with this war; and I have written it
down for the sake orthote that love truth, but
not for thotia that fdease. themtelvci [with ficti-
tioot relations.} And I will begin ny account of
it. — .u! .1. ,,[),. I "
these thing« with wlm^ f ««H
my-
plOfr
idtlMra
bey proved to be auch at-
t BOM tn<bentic wltiitr
"^ttO
TbaRabblaf a)ake ten degreti of them, at
ialbmk at..
WARS OF THE JEWS.
l:
/ BOOK I.
eOSTAININO TUB INTBRVAt or ONB nUNDBEO AND BIXTY flPA EN YBARR-r»0«l THE TA
tlNOOP JEfUSAtRM BY ANTIOOHUH BPIPHANE^.TOTHB DEATH OF HBBODTHBORBAT.
CHAP. I.
. H(nB th* City qf Jcru$altm Mat laktn, and the
TtmpU piitaftil [bfi jinlioehui Kpiphanti.] A$
altvtonctrfuiip Ihe .Iclmnt of thi JtfacraM«f,
' MullMai, and Juiat; and eouctrning IK* VtutK
o/Judat.
{I. ATtheinmclimpthiit Antiochut.whoMRall-
cil KpipliniiFa, liail a ((uur^i;! with tlie aiith Hlo-
Ifmy abuut hi> riK;h( tu (he'nh<)l« country uf SyriH,
n l^i'uiit •edition fiJI aiiioii|; lb« iiixn of power in'
iJuiira, and they lii^ a contitntion about obtaii|in((
■ till' pomriipient; while each of IhoM llwit «»«re
oC dignity cuuld not endure to be •ubjertio their
e(|aaU. However, Oi^inn, one of the high |frie«tii,
rot the belter, ami iMitt tli« (ont of Tobiua out of
ine city ;' who A«ri to Antiorhui, and bcioujtht
him to make uie of them for hii leaden, and to
-^ make an expedition into Judea,^. The klnr bting
tbcri'to dispoied ifcruruhand, complied with them,
and cam«- upon thr Jrwi with a great army, and
took tl^eir city by force, and tlew a great iiiulli
countrymen, andwatthe lint that made • learaa
of friendihip «yith (he Kouiana, and ihrove h|il'
phanet out of the country when he had niaile a
MCond expedition into it, and Ihia by gt'iiiK hiia
• great defeat Iher^ ; and tthen h« waa warmed
by thii great •ifcceu, he giada an waaull upoa '
the garrikon that wat in the city, fgr it hud iiuC
been Cut Oil' hitherto; -o he ejected ihein out u(
the UpiierClty, and drove tne loldien into th>
Lower, which (liirt of the city writ culled the
Citadel. He thAn got the (em)i|)) uiidi-r hU
newer, and cleauaed the wholt^lace, and wnllid
It munil about, and made new vemelt for luired
mini>tmtioni,<tnd brought them into the ti!iii|ile,
becau>c the former veMnt» hod hum priiMinl.
He ulao built a(iother altar, and begun tuMillcr
the nicrificea; and when the city had nlriady
received ita (acred constitution again, Antioi^Kiif
died; whore ton Aiftiochua iucCeed«d him in
the kingiloii), ami in hli hatred to the Jewi nUii.
5. So ihit Aniiochua got tD|;«tlicr fifty thou-
■and footmen, and AVe thousand horKeiiieil, aiiii
tude of thoae' that favored I'loleiny, and leut fourtcora elephants, and marched through Ju
dea into the mountainous parts. He theu tnuk
Beihsura, which was n small city; hut at a plMt-
called Bi'thincharias, where the paHUn^e nai
narrow, Judas met lii|}i with his aiiuy. However,
before the forces joined battle, Judas's brother,.!
KIcaiar. seeing the very highest of the elephunit
adorned with » large ^vur, and with niilitiiry
trappings of gold tu guard him,' and auppo^iu^
•<co|icerDinc whicli we shall ipMkmore in its'^pro- ^that Antiochus himself was upon him, he ran •
out *his soldiers to plunder them without merry.
He kiso spoiled the temple, and put a stO(f Ui the
constant practice of. oflering a daily sacrilice of
expiation for three yean mhI six months.. Itut
Onias, the high priest, fled id Ptolemy, and re-
ceived a place front iiim in |ha Nomua of Hclio-
polis, whert he built ■* city railmbling Jeru-
talero, and a temple that ifas litk ita temple;*
per place hereafter.
3. Now Antiochiik ntai not satisfied either with
his unexpected taking the city, or with iti pit-
lage, or with the great sbughter he had made
' tbete; but being overcome with hi* violent pas-
V0P*< ■nd remembering: what he bad sulTered
'^'ajlriiig the liege, he coii^lled the Jews to dis-
toive the law* of their country, and to keep tbei?
iafant* UDcircumcised, and to sacrifice swine's
-flesh upon the altar; against which they alh op-
posed thefflsalvet, and the most •{ipruved among
(hem were put to death. ' Baochides also, who
. was sent to keep' the fortreUH^s, having thesv
wicked coumaiidi, joined to his own natural bar-
barity, indulged all sorts of the rxtremestwickr
cdness, and tofroented the worthiest of the in-
habitants, mail by man. and threatened the citv
every day with open dratruclion; till at length
he provoked the poor sulferen, by the ex^tDemity
of his wicked doion, to a'vchge themselves.
3. Accordingly, Miitthias, the son of Asmone-
■s, one of the priests who lived in a village called
Modin, armed himself, together with nis own
bnnly, which hod five of bia'own sons in it, and
ilew Bacchidee with, doggen; and therenjpon,
out of the fear of the many gairiiooi [or the
enemy,] he fled to the mountains; and lo many
. of the piiople followed him, that he was encoura-
ged to come dQwn from the mountain*, and to
rive battle to Antiochus'* generals, when he beat
them, and drove Ikem out of Jndeo. So he came
to the goTemment bj thi* bit *ucce**, and be-
-,■- > .4me the prince of hi* own people by their own
Aee coo*ent, and then died, leaving tha gorem-
nenl to Jnda», hi* eMe*t ion.
4 Now Jadu,inppo*ingtb<tAntioehn* would
■ot lie (till, gathered an army ont of -hi* own
/l^reat «(ay before his own army, and, cutting hit
way through the enemies' troops, he' vot up l*i
the elephant; yet could he not reach nini who-
seemed to be the king, by reason. of his being
so high; but (till he ran his w'eapon inlo^tlw
belly of the beast, and brought him down urion
himself, and was crushed to death, having dime
no more than aftempted great thinn. antTshow-
ed that he preferred glory before life. Now he
that goi^erped the' elephant was but a private
man; and had he proved to be Antiochus, i^let-
xar had performed nothing more by this bold
stroke thaKlbof it n>ig(it irppeur he chose to die,
when he had the bare hope of thereby doing a
glorious action; nay, thir disappointment provtij
an omen to his brother [Judas] how the entini
battle wouldend. It is true that the J^w* fought
it out bravely for a long time, but the kinj;'*
forci* being superior in number, and having iup^
tune on their side, oblkined the victory. And
when a great many of his men were slain, Judas
took tjie rest with him, and fled to the toparchy
'of Gophna. So Antiochus went to Jerusalrin,
and stayed there but a few days, (or be wanttd
piroviaion*, and so' be went hi* way. J He left in
dyed a garri*on behind bim, *ach af he thought
•nfficient to keep this place, bat drew the, mt of
his army ofl', to take their winter quartersjn
Syria. ' •
6. Now. after the king wa* departed, Judas trts
not idle: for a* many of hi* owe nation came'to
him, 10 aid be gather tbdie that hod escaped out
of the battle together, aod |:ave battle again to.
Antiochni'i general* at i| village called Adas*;/
and being too bard for hi* cpemiea in the battle, -
and killing a great oninber of them, he Was at
last himaelf iloin alio. Nor wai it many days
•iMellttlaimiiwnMilHtheitivttal
pbw oboat the Birptian temple OnM, of which large
aplalnta are ■one by hl> eOraoentatofl. Ontaa, it
' hoped to have It made very like tflu at Jenua-
i»w.infloftlMHiiineiltiMi»fcMti Md*obeapp »*i* t>
have really done a* fat aa he wai able, and tnoajilil
proiier- Of thi* temple, we Antiq. b. xiii.ch.iU. MC*.
1, S, 3 ; and or the War. b. vll. eh. z. Mct. 3
4lt
^^
ta-rROMTHr.TA'
iBODTUaaREAT.
•t Ihkt mad* • l«ipii
anil, inii ihrove k|il-
whin he Imd mail* »
ml thin l>y Kt'init hiia
ihcn h« waa warnieil
lada an Mwult upoa
le citjr. fgr it liuil nut
B nrctnd ihciii out u(
tha tolilicra iiili) tht
city will citllrd thf
le (cni))||) uiidi-r hU
io\ty\»ct, and wiillid
inw Vfaieii fur taircd
them into the tiMiipIc,
had bcdii prriMKil.
r, and btgon to'dftir
the citjr had already
lion a);ain, Antlw^KiK
!• iiicCe«d«d liiiu in
tred to tt>c Jeiv« nltn.
it lO|;«th<T Ul'ly lliuii.
lUsanit hor!«!iiieit, ami
marched thruugli Ju-
parli. lie tlieu touk
il city; but at n plMt-
ere the j)aHiin|;« ivai
h his aiiuy. Howrvtr,
nttle, Judaa'a brother,.!
|i;hei( of the ele^hanit
ft, and with niilitiiiy
] him,' and auppo^iu^
■a upon him, he ran a
irniy, and. cutting hit
troopi, he' sot up t*
e not reach nini who
y reason. of l>i> being
I hit w'eppon into^tlw
rought him down upon
to aeatli, havine dune
real thinn. aniTthQW-
' before life. Now he
It wai but a private
o be Antiochus, £lei-
ig more by tbii bold
rppear he choac to die,
ipe of thereby doing a
diaappointinent proved
ludaij how the cntiM!
ue that the JfWt fought
g time, but the king'i
umber, and baring fur- ^
led the victory. And
nien were alain, Judu
id fled to the toi)nrchy
lia went to Jerusalem,
!W daya, for be wanted
t hit way. ^' He left in
n, aocb ■# he thought
t, bat drew the,rc«t uf
leir winter quartersjn
ratdepartedi Judas trts
hit owe nation came'to
m that bad eactped out
d ^aVe battU again to^
I village called Adasa;.
I cpamiM in the battle,
ler cf them, he Waa at
Sot tnt it many dayi
Ota: andaoh«aw»»awt>
lie waa able, and thoaptal
Antiq. b. liil. ch. Ui. ao«*.
ll.cb.z.aact.3
4lt
n
11
1
Um
i
'-'M .-
noDK i.-ciiA!
■iKiiliUI liiili bjr Aiilwchu«'» |ii>ri), nrtil Wiii uliiui
11/ ibciiL
VMM* U
<?*neirninf /*# .^iirctmri i>f Jinlai, trko mrrt
JomiMn, Simim, uiut Jiilin lli/ffHiit,
\ I. Wirt:^ Jumiilmii, whu nnt Juilua'f bni-
th«r, turit-nli'l him. he Im'<iii«i'iI hiiiixIC will)
vrt'iil rtrcuiiMiHTtjiif) in nttiiT rt'i«|ifrtt* witti rr*
inl'uii III hit iiwn iHiiiilr; nnil hv ciirriiliDriilril
Ilia niiiliortly li\ |iri«ir»iMK l<i> frliniUtii^i tvilh
llir l(uiitiiii<. ill' u\»<> iiiuili » li'i|(ii<' Hllh Aii-
liii<-|iiu<(h>' MMi. V> t mil not nil llii< tuin>-iciil
(i/rliii M'jiirin ; fir lliii 1\ runt 'rrv|ilii>. wlm writ
fil)llrllinll l« Afilionliiii'ii'inn, luil * |il<>l ii)(.iilMt
imi mill, liiaiilri lliut, riiilrKviiri'il tn liilir nil'
lii> iVirnil ', mill <'iiii|i;lit jiiiiiitliiin l>V wil)'. no llx
iVii* Kiiinic III lliili iiiiiia In Aiiliui'liuii, Willi * iVw
(K'niiiiii in liJK coiii|)uny, mill put tlirni In IxiniU,
mill Ihrn luinlr iin rlprjtUiiin ii);iiln«l llii< JrWi;
iHiiiyhinlji WRs Aftrrwiirit ilrtviA swiy by Sl-
'lli'iii, nliiij|^ Jiiniilliaii'ii lirolliir. nnil niia i if
niKi <l III h\» il<>f<'iii, III' |iiil JiiiiHtliiiii rii ili'iiih.
3. lliiiVi vrr. S'liiiuu niiiiiiiKeil llii' |fiililii' iilluir*
■iftrr n inurnrriiu* niunAir. nnil liink (iiifiirn,
mi'l Jii))pn, HHir jHiiiiiin, wliii'li w«rii ritir« in llii'.
niifflihiirhooil. llvuUii f^nt llm K.irri<iiii iiiiilrr,
nnil (IfiiKilialiril tlir rilmlrl. Iti> imi> iil'l|irniiril
nn iiiixilinry Co Aniuii'linii, ii|;niii<t Try plin, wkiiiii
hf i>i'»ir|{i'il in Dorn, bi'forr hr wml «h IiU ixpi-
HilinniiKiiiiot llir Mnli'ii; yjut, I'miM nut he ninkr
' till' kinKMiili,ini«i) iirhin niiiliilioii, tlmn^li l|i liuil
inHUtril him in killing 'I'rvphiii Inr it wm nnt-
luii;; Pre Anliorhm »«nt I'l'nilrlii ii* liia ^i nfTiii
with an auiy tn Iny nnttiv Jiiileii, mul di Miliiliir
Siniiin; yi'f nvr tliuii^h lie 'were niiiv in ymrii,
ruhdurlt'd the w:iirin if h«i w'itf a niiirli j(i»rt|ffr
limn. Up uiut K-nt hit lun* with h lianil iil' utrimK
turn iicmnit Aiitlorliiia, whili- hn tnok pinlorthi'
uniiy liliii«t'ir with liini, lunl (ill iipiin liini ritiiii
Hniithir i|unrti r: ho iiUo liiid » ((n nt jiinny men
(n iinibiith in ninny pliicifn of thi' niniipliiinn, nnil
ivn* auprriur In pH llii atlarkii npiin llirm, niiil
when hf h(|(l Iiiph cnncijii'i'iir al'ti r nn Kluriiiui it
nmiNior, hi! wai nindr bi)^h prtcil, nnd ul»i frn-d
thr Ji'wa from thi> ddninion nf the Miii-idiiniiin^,
aVti-ru hundred and Mvcniy y«nr»uf thr i:inpiru
[of Sileiicun,]
3. ThU Simon had alart a plot l«id »(fiiinHl hi . .
and watnlain at a finait hy hia min-iii-liiw I'tiilciiiy,
who put hii wifnand two tuna in [iriinn, and ariit
- >nmi> |ii>raons 111 kill Jiilin, who wiit nia'i I'ultid
Ilypciinua.* Rut when thi- yunni; man W»« in-
formed of (heir cciniiiitr brforihund, hi; iiiniln
inurliJi^lo to gvi to tlii> city, im liiiviin a very
Kri'nl'fdniidnico in JJun pi ".plf Itirii , Iiitli on ac-
count 'of tha meniOa' (iitlii' );liiriiiU!< nctioni of
hia/uther, and ofilie' hiatrt'd tlii'VCnuld not but
lifar to the injiltticdinf I'loliniy! i'tnli'uiy iilao
made an attempt to iH into thi- city by aiiollur
jfati-; but wa« rcprllld by the |MO|;li',"who, lijiil
jufi theik admitted llkTcajiua ; iio he retiirniMl pre-
Mnlly to one of thfff!Slre^'» that were about
J'richo, which win jknlled rnigon. Wow, when
llvrfnnui had recll'lvi d tluTbij^h nrieathood,
which hia father bad held before, and had offcreil
aai'rifice to (jod, hn iiiude great linate to attaok
Pluleniy, that he n|iglit afford relief to hia luo-
tljer and brethren./ ,,>(
4.' So he laid aiegc to the fartretv, anit^ai su-
pirior to I'tolemy^in other refpecla/Hmt waa
overeome by Wmikvjft the ji|9< aflVcliiin [he hiad
for hit relRtionir;']:Tor When I'toteAiy was dit-
.treaaed, he brought forth hit mother and hit bre-
thren, and tet theniu)xin the nail, and beat lliein
with rod« in every body't tight, and (hreafened,
•f I
411
lh«( Midi •« lie would fft nway immrdi ilrty, )i«
wrndd Ihiuw III' III don II livii'll'iUK ; m wlm h ti|(lil
llynuitrtnS roiMiiiMrrmiuii mid lom vrii w*rii loo
baril lor hi< un^rr. Kul hi< iiiolhrr nut not ill»-
^ HHiyed, iielllii r 111 lliii ttri|H • ihit rri ei«i d, ihiral
tlu dealliNMiili Kbii Ir >lie wu< thn iilinni; but
tirtflrhed out h**' timwia, uiid pniynl In r tun nul
III be ninxd uidi llii jiijurii a Ihat •Im lii^l aurtirf*
ediu a|iiin' the wnii'li, tiHi'e it naa to hrr Ijetlrr
loilieliy Die iiitmi^iif I'loteiny iIikii In hie etif
M> long, prntidiil III! iiii||ht be iiiiiii.iiiil lor Hie
injuriMhi hud liom in ihiir IVuiiilt. AowJuhnt .
raae wa< iIik: will II he cou<idrred the i ouruKu
of Ilia iiiotlii r, mill heiinl lirr eiitri aly , he atil
iiliiiiit bi< iill.u !>•; lull nbrn hti »iiw hi)|bi'DlMI> •
and torn to pn 11 « H lib lli^ atripea, he itrew iee-
ble, uiid H.i>i iililil) otinoiiie by Ilia wll> i liiiua, «-
And aa |bi •iii'fi una ili liiyeil bi tjiia iiiiiiila, the
year uf rr<l I .iiiiiMin, M|<<ih wIiiVJ^ iIu^Ji »• ra at
every aeii mil \i iir, i|t thev do mi i.ief) »etenlh
Uiiy. Uii tlil< yi ar, ihrnfiiri', I'liilemy wua frvtil
from brinp hrairifi.it, nnrt^ew the nprthrvn of
John, willi their iiiotlicr, and Ibd tn /enii, wliu^
reafe
— * Wh y th l t J a hn th e ton of S h n n ii , i l i e l il|| li [i r lr i l, and
lorernnroftlie JeWt, w'ns ralli'il llvrraniKi, jAtrpli^a
nowliern Infnrmaiia ; nor i» he i nlleii oilier tlinii|Jatiii at
the eiid of-tbe Srtt Iwok Of ilie MbccbIh'Iw. Hjiwt^er,
Sixii» gcncnaia when lip given lit an e|iiloni<ror.lbo
wua hUo I'ldlid ( 'illy laa, who wua tfie tyrant iif
liiiladilphiii.
5. And now Antinrhua waa au nn);ry al what
he liAil aulbrid l^oiii ."aiiiuiii, (hul liMit|iile iin ex-
pedition iiiin Jiiilia, uiiil >iil diiwii' bnlnr4' Jerur
auliiii, anil lieau^id llyrci\Hnai but- llyrruiiui
o|Hiieil the >i piilrlirv of ttotjil, who -itat the
rnliiat uf u|ykiii|j4, aiid'toiiit Ihenee nliyiil three
ihaiiiuiiit lumntt lii Inuney , and induced A«»li6< '
cliua, by the prouiiae uf three thuuaiind talenU,
III ri«i>e the Kii'ge, Moreover, Iw ivaa llie lijA oi
the Jew* lliat had iiinlli'y.euciugll, aud bijfSn to
hire fiirei;(ii au>iliurie<i iilao.
li. However, at aimlher time, when Aniiochui
wat gone upon an e^pudilluii H|;ainat the \1edet,
and to gave llyrcunua an up|iurtuaity uf being
revenged npii;i him, he ininiedialely made an '
iitlnrli upon tbttcltitauf Syria, aa tbliiiini;, what
J/roved tube the cuaewilli tliVMi, thaaUiey wouhl
iiud tliiin eiitptv uf good troopa. Sa lie took
iMedeliu iiiiil S'liiii^a, with the luwna ili^their
neiu;hborhuiid, iia titg Shechem aiid (ieriuiiii;
niliriii"<idea tbeae [lieaubdmdj the nation of (he '
Cullieana, who dwell round about that leiimle
which wat built in iinituliim of til* temple ut 4e-
riianle:H; he nUo took u|;r.inf mailv utlivr cititi
of Muniea, with Adiireonnnd MariW).
7. lie alao proceeded at fur aa Samurin, wher*
ia now the city of Siltaate, wfiich wua builljiy Me*
Ni,l the king, mid cncouipaaied it all luinid with
a ivull, and act bin tona Arlalobulua and Antigu-
nua over tile tiege; who piithed it on an hunt,
that a tiimitie eo far prevailed within the iity,
that they were forced lu • at what never wiit it<
teemed I'iKid. They alan Invited Antiochua, who
Wat called C'yiicenua, to come to (hetr aaaiat> >
aiice; whereupon h« got ready, ai^d cniljLliid
\>'illi their invili^tiun, hut wita beaten by AriilU'> 'j
bulut niid Anti||;o#u!i; and indeed he waa purtuid ^
aa fur oa Kcythnpolia by these brethren, and fled
aivii^' from them. So they ri turned back to Sb>
niaria, and aen^ the niultitiide again within the
wall; and vvh) irtliey had taken llie city, the^ de^
luolithed it, ami iniide alavi-s of ita iii|iabitanfi.
And, at they had itilf great aucci't« in their un-
dertiikingt, they did not- «ull> r their teal to cool,
but muri'bed ivitli an army aa far at ScythufMilit,
and iiiitde ail incuraiul) U|hiii it, mid luiil wuatt all
the.cuuiitrv thfit lay within Motint CarnK I, ""
8.' fiffl then; thete aurcettei of John and of hit ~<~
lont made theiu be envied, and oCcoiioncd a •••
dition in the country, and many there wen who
got together, and would nut be ut rett till thfjr
rake out italo open war, in whicb war they wer«
Oreek vertlon ot ili* Imok her" nlirlilgRd liy Jaiie|tl)ui,ac
ofllieelironicleiinl'tlila John llyrrunua.llieneilant.at-
turei UII that he waa railed Hyrramit, from hlaroii(|U<tt
>Ofiineoftliutiinine. Htx Aiilheiit. Kur.nart,l.p/!17 Bat
erthityouiifc'r Anliochna.teaDuan Alditeh'kilute bare
'- : ■ 2.L-.2 ...■■.
•.-./
414
WARM or THK JEWt.
l,*.!^.. U M* H..d ih« r..« W h.. 'f "7, j "•:;,V ,^1 U * .^ 'H.. -..!' "«'. •■' '"*
{^,,,11,, .».! ••!•"'«»•••"•' '•'•«rrXh'rt/-«/i^^^^^^ '■•" "'."" *""""r
,1,,.- ...U.. y.«. «"«•«»•' "• ;i:i' '! Jlr? i .u.7.V( »»r. or m*lr. •.«!. «"• m«r«..l ..r»..».nt..
Ihiim In IIm" worm, inn win'"""'"'—,
rh'Vhi. "w.: .1.1... ..m. W....1.1 not ^"'■•'•Tl,'".":
Ur. ..r Ihr ...v.r«iii.'ii«i •'»» •« *»'" •"K'^'J' V*
•ml h..w f.r iiifarloi lh.t. m«i •««»• «« «"•" '»•
Ihrr In frlirhy.
riur III.
Iw< //ro<Afr /.. dtalh. h, dud hm$tl/. wktn hi
had rtignid «o ■«»»« II""* " *"'•'•
J 1 |.'0R »fl«r th. il«««h of lh.ir futher. lli«
; rl.Urof .h.n.. Ari.uAulu.. «^h.ng.d «b. «o«rn.
inrnt Mo • km|C<l<ini, uul »»•• tRe (lr.l Ihit p it
r ir» .»p..i. hi. h.«l. f....r h.m.lr..l ..«.. y
::i., .«,!>« .na .hrr« nioiitli. .ft.r ""' »-"j: ;
rpm. duwA iiiK. thi. ro.intry.wh.li thy- w.r.
.;, fr*. from th. ll.l.,l..n.«" J.».ry^ ^^"w. Of
hi. br«thr»n. he .iiiHinrwl to h«" on i<n.<tw»
Z Antir».i.. who' Um «-»t to hi.n. .n|l m«<te
him hi. wiMli but f.ir th« r»«t. h« boun.l th.m,
« .J nut tl^".n in prifon. H. .Uo ,...t hi. ...o.hrr
".3.. for b.r^on.r.linK the KO»«r..iii.nt «ith
public .ftir.. H. ^1... proc««l«J «?.«^; . ''^K^^
y,„S»t hi. br...l..r «.rt .llo«.ln(t him .......
r "ny h.rm fron, him. h. r^m. .Ion. *..b h,,
«mo" ..n. lo .how It ... hi. broth.riT.u. whrn
«.. 7.11?. X....'. Tow.r. I I.«m by .h.
H,«l» tiVnl.. .n.l bccnu. .1. .mm.", tal.t.nr.
h.^w^•f Imiy .l"t'"J'»" K'""'"''' V"'' "•"".•'
.ff* i" .i..d lu.wn.'>n.oro«rR..... .ff.«.i"...»"
•tniltf .n..uihTo rr.l.t.iivy ,,.rr.»«lly
» And .ruly »i.y 'm» wo.iM br ntyt»*<^ rt -
J..*., upon .L ..n«ion. U- «" "' I*" •"
inh. r^ic .n.l h..l n.;.r '"a'd or ■ '|.''';
H.n in III. i.r«(lirtion. b.forr. Now. .hi. m.>i
..w An. ionu. .. h. w.. P...I.I1C ■I'-"* ►'X ''"
wT;.ri f.w who .....I.M -I':;; •;'";,:, t;
Zlwt: .hM h..i i!Jr..'ol.rh.ab prov..! M.r;
f .r hUAMiKonu. I. thU.Uy -ll... who ouKb. .
.„ I.. •Uin, acror.l iiK to tb.t t.l.i .l»fr«r. w"
S,rJr»'.'"w"r wh..f. I. .. .h. •''•'•f;' •;* '
h n« ml lurlonn. fro." .hi. pl*--"'. J"'' X" *"'
bo«r.Tf .hi. .Uy ". o».t.lr...ly. «•"''; P?"""
Hjrr.i.J.r. .h. |>r«.licti«n iiii|.....ibl« ... b. b.l-
ShT/" AnJ. whU .h« obi ni.n h«' •■«" «»'i''_
pnTiljc 'ilftir.. H. ^l.o pro.«.d«il '?«''.. J.gr.. j «i«- ..,^^,7;, ."^ . „ .ii^a. «ul .o continued
!;fb.rb.ri.y«.toc.Ju. h.Mo b. pin.d to d«..I. *;"'|';J,„ ,„„,_ ,„«. c«ni« Ih.l An.iBon
■\
^^
'"r'^TlV-lt'*"'-' >.r. «m,.nt..i him In th. «f-
f«ir of bll^ith.r-'AntiKonU., whom he 1.W..I,
Ind whom h* m»d.. Ki. P«r.n.r in th. klnrlom
for h.^ .low hw. by .h« n,..n. of the "''"""'*•
which III Bi.n .boiuh. p.l.c« con.rlv.;d .g.in..
l\m At fir... indMd. Ari..ob«u. would not b.-
li^™; U«i» reporU. p.r.ly 0... ol th^ "?"•','"" t'.
hid for hi. brMber. «..a p.rtly b.c.u« h. tlio..«;ht
,h.«nvf!rtfi!^r.i.ter.; haw«.r. "/""K»-
m. c>m« owe xn % iplendid iimnner from the
Xv to .h« f.rti»«>. «h.r«in our ...ci«nt <«.-
^''u^o n..k. t.b.rn.cl.. for U«l. i. h.pp.n.d
rtho«. .i«y.. th.t Ari..oi«.i«. «-»•;";»• •"'1
tl..l «. .h.. ■oncla.ion of th. f"»t. An.ironu.
.«; op .o it. with hi. «m«l n,.n .bou bin.;
and thii, when he w.. adoniwl in the fine., m.n-
iier po.iible. .nd th.t. in . rr««t n"*"""' •»
p„y^ Ood on Ih.. b«b.lf of hi, brother. Now.
Irt thi. very .Ime it w... th.t .he.e ill meO
i,„« to the kioK. .n.l told hi* m "M? •?""*•
™u. manner 4he »rmed men c.m*. "nd w'"' "h»'
Uiolence An.igon.w m.rched, and that "uch hi«
U^wlence WM too Rre.. for « pnv.t. F"""- »"
init .ccordinifly h.' wii. corae with * great band
Tmen to kilf b'„„; for th.t he -W J"' '"•'^jn '
»hi.b«reenj<jym.ntof rov.l honor ^hen it w.. ,
in hi. power to .*• the kmR.lom h.oiwlf.
3. Now Ari..obiilal. by aegrer,. .nd unwiU-
ipttlv e«w credit to thewi «ccu.»«io«i; «nd w-
~«ordinrfy he took c.re no. .o <li«o»er hi. •«*•
^ctn'^.I^nly. .hough be P'ov-ded to b« «cur.
«r.in.t .ny .cciden..: io he pUced the ju.rd.
oThi.body in . d.rk .uburranean PW-f"
he I.y .iek'in . pUce died formerly th« C "del.
,bon,^h.ft.rW.& U. n.m. "M f .aged o An.
loni '• ..d he t»ve ordw. tli.t if A o tigonu .
he cwne to him in U. «nior, thev •hooW kdi
him. H. .«.o "n. .ome to let him inow be ore^
w Ih Ih". of Ciire. whir^h l.y by .h. ....••^^.
Tml thi. .mbiguily it w.. whicti c.u..d .he pro-
'''5*Hl'ri»nAri..«bul«.,.p.n..^^^^^^^^^
crime he h.d been gmUy of, .nd .hu 8«*«"*'*
Slon .o .he incre... or'hi. di.trmper. H. al«»,
J«w wor.e .ml w..r.«. «nd hi. .oul w.« f»»;
f.Zl» di'Vurlied .. the thouRht. of wh«. h. hj.1
^"..^ill hi. very .bowel. beioR torn to pjec.
the intoli r«bl.' gri.f he wb. un< er. he threw l).
!J5«lrt.th«t .Itende,! him carried out th..blo.Kl,
h7 by iobie .opernalur.! providence .bpl*
Bm'l f% Town in .he very place where An. «..«
h" bc.n .lain; .nd .o he ,p.lt .ome of the in. ^
erer'. bloo.l uiK)n the *pol. of the blo«<l of l.n.
that h.d been .murdered, which .tdl .ppe»r^a
He. upon . ent.ble cry ?"-' '"'""Xi^t
•niM-ia.or. .. if .he «.rv»nt h..l .pilled .he i.Uk)'
'rpurpr.; in that pUce; .n.l ..the k.ng hr.n
thaf cr?: he inquirell what wa. the cau.e of I
.nd wl^le noborfy dunt tell him. he prr^-.d th.^
"much the n.o4 to let him k""« «»» "»;
L.tfer; .o, >t lenRth, when »'\''«V ''^*'f' ,
I them .nd forced them to .pink out. they loM ^
1 whe^u" n he burst ••"«" «*-"-r^«'::,"al' "h
..iH "So I neree ve 1 .m BO. like to ewsp* "'
S .Winr ey^of God, «. to the gr««t "'"'f
'h^reommTed ; but the vcnge.nce of .he W-
of mv kintmen pur»ue« mc hn.tily. O .h,.u n.o.
?m™^l.nt bodv ! bow long wil. .hou retain . lou
Z Stio die on .cco^unt of that P"»i'h"«"
it oulrft to roffer for a mother Mid • brp.hf
.Wnf how long rfi.ll I mvwlf .pf^ my <>'»"]
ghr drop? fet then. .Ae it J^^ oncei. .n
!
l.T ' .h.Vpg;.t;no'To«erbedi»ppom
few nTrceh of my bowel, ofcted .o them. *•
i::„Ch. h«l>id th... wori.,, he pre.e» ly
nreaenti
"hL™H;;i;;"~nr.ome7oUthi inowbefor^^
hand U»t he ihould come unarmed. Bui. upon died, wnen oe u. s
. *Wm'
.V*;
BOOK I.-CIIAP. IV.
415
■t plollMl III* ml*,
««fr •««<, li> ">*•
III Irll AallKonwt '
iii<l ■•■I • i"1 l^n*
iiii>ti*l iirn*iM<nt»>
rtant •irllii*« Inn
lincalt that ll»«rr,
I liiiM miw in hl<
I a lluU lull* th'iii
(•■r<l IhU, the Rnnl
•iwlnR him (<i •"«•
4inir alnnc Orilli hi<
liriithor; liul whm
m ««M iliillk li.V Ih*
I rmmrlil tam«nf'
mI.kiU an'l n»liir»l
r noiiil •ff««tiuit« »'•
•H<r|irlimll)r
||r WM of th» If!
•r fmUrf or il»<-»i«»il
rr. Now, «hi> mm
a>.iiiK »lcinic l>y thr
iiri|UHlnl«ii<-r. (•Hfj
tnl upun hiin ■< bi< .
I h«i ; " It i« It""*' f'"
ilrml iHiftiro »"•». ••"'
III liKlli |)r»v*(lf»lw.
f iiliv*, who ought li
plarr whtr* hrounlii
■tl filial ilrcM*-. w««
,1 lh« ilittiinr* of «l» ,
1 nUcn; hml yrl '"»(
Irt<»cly, which poiiil of
iiii|i<i»ibl« l>> l>r flit-
I iiiiinhaiUviillhia.hr
id iiu continued. But.
I th(t Anlinonui wi..
let, which wu itwil
r, hy the •»!"« >>»""
h Uy hy th« iri»«i'l*.
vhirh ciuud the pro-
I repented df the %t*H
if, intl thi« g«ve<icci-
■ iliilrmper. Hr »l«»,
untl hi< loul wen coii-
(iiiKhU of wh»» ho hill
iM-inir torn to pi«rf« ''»
at "under, he threw il|i
And, ■• one of thi>i«
curried out that blow),
il providence. thpi«"
place where AntiRnnin
niilt tome of the mit-
oU of the Woo<l of bm
, which itill appeiin;''
cry arone anmnK (li'
nt had ipdled the lilood
; and a. the king hrirti
ai WB» the cauie of it'
ell him, he prejited them
him know wh»t woi lh«
,hen hw had thrcBtfii'd
to speak out. they loliJi
te»r», and groaned, ml
m not like to ewsp* «h'
M to the gre«t crime.
• vengeance of the bliw I
^ic hmlily. O thou niott
ng wilt thou T«Uain ■ lOUl
■ount of that nuBiihmjnt
a mother mi » brothff
[ mynelf ttmrni my bloo.
take It alt «t once; an;)
cer he duappoinled by a
ll,o«.ted to them." A;
leie wordi. he preMnlly
igDcd ho longer than a
CHAP. IV.
What AtlUmt i»m tont »» vff«»«<M<«r J«mMM.
wAa rtltnfiTwHtii-Hvtn ft»rt.
II. Ann now ih* kinc't wif* hioaeil the kiH'*
)ir*thr«n, ami made AUiander king, who ap-
tuiarail >Hilh rider in age, and 'more nimlMral* in
ii« l*m|wr than the r«4t; who, when h« came
lo lh« gifvernmi III, •!■ w one of hia brethren, aa
aAncling lit govern hHnaelfi but had the other of
|h«m in great ealeeni, aa \nitaf a <pilrt llff,
wIlhoHl iiieililling with public -alfaira.
II. Now II happened that th«r» waa • liallla
between hliu and rtolemy, who waa called La-
thy riia, who had taken the cilr Aiochia, Ha in-
dtail alew a great niany of hla enemtea, hut the
virtiiry rather inrliiiiil to I'loleiny. Hut when
Ihia I'ljileniy w«4 nuraued by hla mother, t'leo-
pntra, and retired into Kgypt. AleiamUr beaieg^d
lladara. and took it; «« ala« ha did Anialhua,
wliirhwaathe alninKral of all Ihe rorlrcMrt that
wire abuiil Jiirilnn, iind Iherrin were the ^ott
precious of all Ihe jMiaaeaaiona of Theodorua. ihe
•on of /eiio. Whereupon Theodurua niarcheil
againal hiiw, and took what belonged to hiniaelf
aa will aa the king'a baggage, and alew ten thou-
aanil of thejewa. However. Alriander reciivyr-
ed lhl« lilow, and turned hia force towarda the
iiiariliiiie part*, ami look Haphia and iiaiu, with
Aiilhodmi alao, wltich waa a$cr«»nl railed
Agripiiiaa by king Herod. ^ J
\ Hut when lie had flMllnKvea of fhe cili-
una of all tlieae citict, IKb iMiiion of the Jewa
made an inaurrrrlinlMpataait liini at n fealival ;
for at Ihoae feaata aGuMM* •!• generally begun,
and it looked a* if b*. thonM not he able tu escape
the idot they had baiil lor Ittini, hail not hit foreign
autiliariea, the C^idiaiia and Ciliciana, aa«iatrd
hini; for aa lo ibx SMiana, he never ndinilted
them among km menvnary Iroopa, on account of
their innate vnmity againal the Jewiah nntion.
And when h« had ainin more than ait Ihnuaand
of the reti*la, hr iimili! nn incuraion into Arabia,
and when he had taken thiit country, tofcrlhrr
with the (iilcaililia and Moabitra,' lie rnjuiiii'd
Ihetn l« pay him Iriliute, and .returned to Ama-.
tkaai aaur aa Theodorna was aurpriaed at hit
mat lueceia. he took the fortreai, and demo-
bahed it.
4. However, when hr fought with Obodus.
king of the Arabinna. wholalil tin ambuth tur him
iwarOolan, mid n plot n|;ainkt him, he lotl his
en(^ arnty, which waa crowded together in a
deep valley, and broken to pieces 1^ the iiiulli-
tudes of camels. And. when he had made his
i'ara|M- loJenitulem. he provoked the multitude,
who hated him bcfnrr, to make an insurrection
againal him, and this on account of the (Srcat-
ness of the calaiuily that he was under. How-
ever, he was then too hard for Uiem, and in the
aevernl battles that were foiighl on both sides,
he slew no fewer than lifty tbousaiid of the Jews,
in the interval of ait years. Vet hni| he no ren«
ion to rejoice in these vicloriea, since hf d(d but
consume his own kingdom; (til at len^h he fell
off Aghting. and ehdaayorcd to conic t6 A coni-
position with them, by talking with.hia subjects,
lint this mutability and irregularity of his con;
iluctiuade them hate him ttilTmore.' And,whfn
he aaki'd them why they so hated him, and what
he should do in ortlcr to appease them? they aaid,
by ki'lin^ himaelf; for that it would h« then alt
they .-niild do to be reconciled to him, who had
done such tragical things to them, cyen when he
wasdeail'. At the sanie time liie^ iavited Deme-
trius, sdit> WM called F.ucerw, to atsiit thein;
and as ne readily complied with their request, in
hopes of great advantagw, and cama ;wlih hit
army, ilic Jews Joined witb tboM their auillia-
ri«B about Shechem^
* ioaephua here rails thia AntlMkaw Ihe lait of the
Seleucidr. altliouili there remained still a ahadow oC
anotlierklni of tltat faintly, Aiitloelltta Aiiaticui, or
ft. Vel did AUsandar m««l both thai* fnrres.
with on* Ihnuaand horsemen, and eight th»«sa*<l
m*ri eoaries that were on fool He had alao with
him Ihal (wrl of the Jews whi< h favoreil hiai. l»
the number of ten ihoiinnd i while the advaria
iiarly hail three ihnusanil horsemen, and foar-
teen (housaml AMitmen. Now, hafore Ihev jolaeil
ballU. the kings iiimU proclamaiMn, anil eada>a-
yored lo draw off each other's sob'iers, and
ataka Iheni revolt; while Itrmetriua h<>|wd lo
ladura Aleiander's iiierrrnane* to leave hlin,
and Alesaiider hoped to intlura Ihe Jewa that
wire with pemetriut lo leave htm. Hat. sine*
aellhar the Jews wouhl leave olT iheir rage, M«r
Ihe (ireeks prova unfaithful, ihry raiiir lu an
•ngageiiirnl, and toarhxe light with ihvir wea-
|H>ns. In which bailie Demetrius was the con-
ipieror, although Aleiaiitler'a luerrenaries thow._
ed Ihe greatest eiplolia, both in soul and limly.'
Yet did Ihe upshot of this battle prove ilifTi rent
from what was etpeclrd. aa In IhiIII of tlttni; for
neither did ihrnr that invifrti llrmrtrttta In com*
to Ihrni Conliniit' firm lu him, though he was eon-
i|a«rt>r) and sit thousand Jewa, out of p|ly <<>>'4>e
change of Aleiander'a comlition, when «» xa*
fled 10 the iiinunlaiiia, cam* over fo hini. Yet
could not Hrnielnua brar ihls turn of allairs, hut
sup|Hising that Alctanilrr was alnady buiouie a
match for him again, and Ihal all the nation
Wimhl [at length] run lu hini, he left llifttBiMintry
and went his way.
H. However, the rest of Ihe r-'cwishl mulliluda
did not lay ilside Iheir quarrela with liim, when
the [foreign] auiiliarlcs were gone; but they had
a perpetual war with Alcnander, until he had
siain the greatest iinrt uf IheiUv iiiwl driven the
real into the city liemeselit; and when hr hail
demolished that city, he carried the captives tu
Jerusalem. Nay, bis ing* waa growu au csira
Vngant, Ihiit his harbnrlt^y procit'ded to the de-
Kren of impiety ; fqr, wlivn he had nrilrred ■ iglit
undred lo be hiitiK upon crosaes in the midst nl
the city, he had the ihroati of their wives and
children cut before llirir eyea; B(».| these eiecu-
tioiis he saw a* be was drinkiii)^ and lying down
witb Ills eoncubioes. Up«u which so drepasAr-
nrlsv seitedon Ihe p«0|tte that .right thousand uf
liit opposers fled awav ih* very nett night, out
of all Jiidea,,wh(M<< liigbt was only terminated
by Aleiander's death: so nt last, though not till
late and with great dilfiruliy, he, hy such Hcfinn*;
procured a quiet !i(i^iigdoiu, and let't oil righting
any Dior*. I -_^ic*' \
t. Yet did that Anltoelinnr. who was alsoc^lei^^
Dionysius, become an orfgin of troubles again ,
This man was the brother of Demetrius, Hudthe
lust of the race of Ihe Mrleucidie.* Aletnndrr
was afraid of hini.when he was marching against
the Arabians; to ha cut a deep Innch lietween
Antipalris, which was near the iiiountnint, anil
Ihe shores of Joppa; ho also erected a high wall
before, the trench, and built wooden towers'- in
order tu hinder any tudden , anproaclies. Hut
still hr wot not able lo eicliide Antiochus.for hr^~
burnt Ih'n lowers and filled up the trenches, and
marched on with his army. And at he lookid
upon taking his revenge on Alexanilrr, for f n-
deavuring to stop him, as a thing of lest eonsr-
(piencr, he marched directly against Ihe Arabi-
ans, whoso king retired into tuch parti of the
country a* were fittett for rnpiging the enepiy,
tnd.tben on the tudden maile his horse turn back
which wer«. in nomber ten thousand, and fell
upon ABtio^nt'a army while they were In din-
order, and a terrible battle ensued. Ahtiachui'i
troopi, to long at be wat alive fought It out, al-
though a mighty tlaughter waa made among
them by the Arabian*; but vthen he fell, for he
''0''
m
vyai in tiw fore-flront. In the utmost danger in
rallying hit troops, they all gayc ground, and Ihe
CTOmmiicenut, who reigned, or rattier lay hid.illl rom-
Ky quite luiiird hhn out, at Dean Aldrico hart notia
MD Apphin and Juitia"
I
I
5
I
■ **^?!H4.
416
^
WARS OF THE JBAV^.
»reat«it nail of hl» lirmy wa* (loMroyed, «•
v.. ih« «iimn or the rtiithl: anil for thi^ reit.
Ill the nation or
ilhrr
»ho
III 4n« nt;iiuii I'l »"«' 'Vft"-! -••- ■- :<,
iled to the. vilhme of C«ii«. >» hnpiiciied thnt tney
wrro all conniOiicd bylwaiit of necmaru;!, a few
to Alrxnmler
Sh
»Bp>
iriiwi woman in
only excfotcd. \. , ,
8. About thi« time it was that the p«o|)l« of
Dainairuii. out of the r hatred to Ptolemy, the
ton of Menneus. invited AretalFto lake the eo-
Tefnn,«nt,]iind nia.lehi^ii klngofC.Elo»yrm. 1 hi«
niiin aUo iiiiule an rxpoHition agniiHt Judca, anrt,
heat Altxandir in bnltlV;l>iit, afterward retired
by mutual aRreemeiit. Miit Alexander, when he
had Inlien Klla, niarchi^d to (Jernia HR-ain out of
the covetoui denire heli^d of •riiiodorini. powea-
■ioni; and when he had )>uilt a trinlc wall about
the rarriton, he took the pJaoe by force. He
bI»o demoliohed (Jolan. iiid .Sel.ucia, and what
wan called the Valley of Antionhun; be«ide»
which, he took the slroik fortrrM ol (•ainiila,
and utripiied l)i metrius.wlio wan governor tliere-
in; of which lie liixl, onlneconiit ol the many
crinies laid to liin clinrgr, Mid lli< n returned into
Judea, after he had bien 'three whole ycarl in
thin exiwdition. And nowihe win kiiidly receiv-
ed of tlie nation, becaune of the good micrei-a he
had. So, whi-ii he was at rp si Iroin war, he Jell
into n dislimiicr: for he i(ia» nfflirted with «
.juartaii UK»>^, and »uf»|.o»ed tbnl by exercisins
himself aKiuii in marliul alVairs, hiv •hoiild get
rid of Ibjfs distemper; but, by nmkinp; suih vx-
neditions lit unsciisonablc lilies, ami forcing his
I.O.IV to iindeito greater hardships tlmn it wiis
iible" to boar, he brought liiniiirif to hn end. Mc
died, tiierefore, in thg^nidst df bis troubles, after
he had reigned ?eveii and twenty yeiin.
CHAP. V.
the ninmigeiiieht of greiit ullBir., uiid intent al
wiivs upon giillieriiig soldiers together; so thpt
she in.-n used the army the luie hull, _Bml pro-
- - ■ till Ik
curen a |;rt'ni ,f,f,ij ui ,"■, 'ft- troops, ._
nation bicaiiie not onlv powerful at home, but
terrible also to foreign potentates, while she go-
verned other people,, and the Pharisees govern-
eil her. . . , , _.
3 Accordingly tliev themselves slew Piogcnes,
a nirson of figure, and one that had been a Irleiid
to Alexander: and accused him as hiiviiig assist-
ed the king with his ndvice, for crucifyifig the
eiebt hundred men [before menlioned.^1 fhey
also prevailed with Alexandra to put tti death the
rest of those who had irritated him against them.
Now, she was so suiM-rstilious as to comply with
■ their <le»ires, and accordihgly they slow whom
they pleased themselves; but the principil of
those that were in danger fled to Ar.-tobulu»,
who persuaded his mother to spai;B the iiku
Alexandra teifrns nine Years, dnrinir which lime
' the PhariHes mrc Iherral Rultrsvf Iha Jyahon.
5 1. Now Alcxiincier left the kingdom to Alex-
andra his wife, and flepended upon it that the
Jews would now very readily submit to her, be-
cause she had been "very averse, to such crueltv
as he had treated them with, and liii'! opposed
his "violation of their laws, and had thereby got
the good-will of the people. jNor was he mis-
taken as to his expectations; for this woman
kept the dominion, W the opinion that the peo-
nle had of her pietv: for she chietly studied^ the
"Sifcient customs of her country, anil ca-t those
men out of the government thM offended against
their holy laws. Arid, ns she had two sons bv
Alexander, she made Hvrcanus the elder high
priest, on iKcount of his age, tt» aUo on account
of his inactive tcriiper, which noivay disposed
him to disturb the'publir. Hut she relnmeil the
younger, Aristobiilus, with her, as a private per-
fon, by reason of the warmth of his temper. ."
2. And now the Pharisees joined themselves to
her, to assist her in the governnierit. Thti-K are
a certain sect of the Jews that appear more reli-
.. ligiou* than others, and seem to interpret the
laws more ancuratel.v. Now, Alexamlra heark-
eiied to them to an extraonlinnry degree, as
bein" herself a woman of great piety towards
God? But these Pharisees artfully insinuated
themselven into her favor by little and little,
and became themselves the real administrators
ot the public affairs: they banished and reduced
whom they plrAsed : thev bound and loosed [meti]
at their pleasure,*! and', to say all at once, they
had the eniovmtntof the rovnl authority, whilst
the ci|)«n8ea' and the Uilficulties of it belong,cd
• Matt. xvl. 10! xviiJ. IP.
on account of their digni»y,but toexnel them out
of the citv, unless she took tliem to be innoient;
so they Were surfered to go unpunished, artd were
dispersed all inefVn'. country. But when Alex-
andra sent out her army to ))nmascu«,under pre-
tence that ' I'toleiny was iilwiiy* oppressing that
citv she got possession of it; nor did it make
any con.icfiiable resisfnnc-. She also prevoded
with Tigranes, king of Armenia, who l"y wi">
his troops about I'Kdemais, mid l^-sieged Cleo-
patra,) I'V flgfi-emeiits iiml pr«-«<nts, to go away.
Accordingly, Tisrranes soon arose from thesieg.,
by reason of lho«e domestic tumults which hap-
pened upon Lurullus's expedition into Arnieiua.
4. In the meantime, Alt xnndra fell sick, and
Aristobuliis, her younger son, took hold of tins
onportunity with his <lomet.ticf. of which hirhad
a great many, who w<!re all of them his fnends
on account of the warmth of their youth, and got
pos'session M all th«v fortresses. He also used tlio
sums of money he foOpd in them, to get togetliei
a number of mercenarv soldiers and make him
self king; and besides ihis, upon llyrcanu»]s com
plaint to his mother, she compassionated his case.
and put Aristobuliis's" wife and sons under r<-
straint in Antonia, which was a fortress thnt
joined to the north part of the temple. It Hii«,n»
'I have already said, of old called the Citadel;
but afterward got the name of Afltonia, when
Antonv was lord [6f the F.a»t,J judt as the other
cities,' Sehaste and Agrippa, had their nnnies
changed, and these given tliem, from Selia-tu*
and Agrippa. But Alexandra died befi>re «he
could piinish Aristobulus for hi* disinhentiM!;
his brother, after she had reigned nine year!!.
,i„7men.„otfordec1a,in,artljslhw^^^^^^ !j.l":„"A'"h^e4d rTo^ in riotmaisiaU tli^
, aisaine more modern Jewa and Chistlana vaidlf pre ''5[",|'" ,';^,,;,,,„ An'iipillies inform us. yet does l.e
' In' il 'mn i e Uni t lie now took ilie i | u e oii hoiyilf:
-leml.-
CHy>fP. VI.
When Hiircaiius, vho vasMexan/ira'a Heir, n-
eedtdfrom his Claim of lliiCrnwn,Jlriiili>huliis
is made KiiifT, and a/lerirard the same //v>f«-
nti», l)yfhemeansof.'lnli}ialer,isbroueht AnfK
by yiretas. .It last Pompey is made the .'trbi-
t'rator oftheDisfute between the Urolhers.
b T. N(IW Hvrcanus was heir to the kingdom, .
and to him did hi»/in»>ther commit it before stje ■
died; but AristoBulns rtps superior to hiin in
iiower and magnanimity; and when there was a
battle between them, to decide the dispute about
the kingdom, near Jericho, the greatest part de-
»i)rted nyrcanus.ftnd went over to Aristobulus:
but Hvrcanus, with those df his party who staid
with liim, lied to Antonia, and got into his power
awhile In prison, he put her to death .^ Dean AWrtrjl
■*!air.ihA h Tvi n 740 rfilatps. tlint this Helcne Cico- nowriore iriiinmn: t—i. "^ --•■" ■«— *■-•■
J,-. w« t^ieiid'ly'hs a^^^ In rtolemais, as ,«„lmtlK,tl.tlienarrat.onsofairal,o,»nd J;
K?re I'm" IWal^ha'l left Svria in Pelcuoia, a citadel in . still be true iiot« iJietandlng. ^
MeeppotamiS; and udds, (l.at wh«n lie had kept herM
mmm
.'phosinay
riiwt woman in .
I, uikI intent al-
ugithrr; »(> thpt
c liiiir, nnd pro-
lopi, till luT own
ul ttt linnir, but
•», wliilr «li<' go-
li«ri»ee»- govern'
;( »li!W Piogenev
liad l>ern ii friend -a, ■
n« having n»si»t-
ir rrui'ifyifig tha
pntioneil."] Tliejr
) put tti deMli thn
liini agaiiijl them.
Ell* to roniply with
they dIow nlioiii
the prinripil of
<l to Ari.-.t(ibnlu»,
n npnip the nidi
toe^^el theni out
!in to be innocent;
uniiihcd. Urtd were ."
But when Alex-
nascus, under pre-
» oppresiinj; that
; niir did it make
She aUo prevnileil
nia, who \»y with
id b^-Kie^ed Cleo-
sents, to po iiwB)-.
ose from tlie 8ie(;i',
iinuiHs whirh hnp-
ion into Aniicuia.
ndra fell sii'k, and
I, took hold of this
f. of which lurhad
f them hi» friendu
iheir youth, nnd pot
Hi- nldO used tliu
leni, toj^et tpfjethei
T«, nnd make him
on HyrcanuVs com
nssionated his case,
ind sons under rt-
VBS a fortress thnt
; temple. ltwii«,a»
tailed the Citadel;
,«t' Afltonin, when
l,J jufit IIS the other
I, ha<l their nninni
em, from S<iba«tiu
ra iliid before "lie
ir his disinheriting
(sned nine years.
I. - ;
hxan/lra's ffeir, re-
Crnwn,Ariali)liulus
arJ Iheiamr Jhinu-
aler.iabroneM tmck
ey is made Ihe.'lrbi-
tn Ike Urothtrs.
heir to the kingdom, .
coHiniit it licfiirc she ■
superior to him in
id when there win a
ids the dispute about
the greatest part de-
o.ver to'Aristobnlus;
■ ills party who i«laid
nd got into his power
n denthi Dean AUlrtrb
radirta Jose)iliu», wliioli
oiiKlMosoiilnm nays tiblli
[H. fU. .'vi. ceol. 4. that
rioloinaiii. and thiit lia
a inform u». yet doe* he
took ilie i i m i eii hon y iir
ratio, and Jmeplios may
BOOK I.— CHAP. VI.
t-^.
lb* lioit*g«i that might be for hit pr^iervalinn
<which Mrera Ariitobuloi't wife, with her ehil-
dren;) but they came to au agrcemfnt, before
thinfs ihunld come to extrtmiiliei, that Ari>to-
bulua ahould be kinjr, and Hyrraiiui ahould re-
iijqi that up, but retain all the rc«i of bin dig-
nities, aa being the king'a brother. Hereupon
thev were reconciled to each other in the temple,
and embraced one another in a very kind manner,
while the peojile atood round about theiii: they
alao changed their bouata, while Ariatnbulua
went to the roval jpalace, and Hyrcanua retired
. to the house or Arlntobulus.
2. IV ow, thoso other, |ieuple who were at va-
riance with Arialobulus were ofraid upon bit un-
expected obtaining the government j and espe-
cially thia concerned Antipntcr,* whom Aristo-
bulus haled of old. He was by birlhan Iduinean,
and_ one of the principal of that nation on account
of hin niiceatora and riches, and other authority
to bim belonging! He also prsuaded Hyrcanua
to fly to Aretaa, the king of Arabia, ami to lay
claim to the kingdom; aa also he perauadcd
Aretas to receive Hyrcanua, and to bring him
back to hia kinniilom: he also cast great re-
proachea upon Anatobulua, aa to his nioriils, and
gave great cOinniendationa to Hyrcanua, and
.exhorted Aretaa to receive him, and told him
how becoming a thine it would be for him, who
ruled so great a kingdom, to a«)rd his itssialanco
to auf h as arc injured ; alleging that Hyrcanua
waa treated unjustly, by being deprived of that
domliiion which belonged tohiiu by the prero-
gative of hia birth. And wheii he had predia-
posed them both to do what he would have them,
he took Hyrcanua by night, und ran away from
the city, and continuing his flight with great
awiftncsa, he ^scaped to the place called Petra,
which IS the royal scat of the king of Arabia,
where he put Hyrcanua into Arctaa'a hand : and
by discouraingmuchjuth him, and gaining upon
him with many preae||, he prevailed with hini
to give him an army that might rcatprc him to
hia.kin|dom. This army conaisted of fifty thou-
sand footmen and horaemeri, againat which Aria-
tobulua was not able tirmake resistance, but was
deserted in his first onset, and was driven to Je-
nisalem: he also had been taken at first by force.
It beams, the Roman general, had not come and
seaaonablv interposed himself, and raised the
siege. Ihu Scaurus was sent into .Syria from
Aruienia b^ Pompey the Great, when he fought
againat rigranea: so .Scaurus came to Damas-
cus, which had been lately talcen by Melellus
and Lollms, and caused them to leave the place;
and, upon his hearing how the affiirs of Judea
stood, he made haste thither ris to a certain booty.
J. As soon therefore as he was roiiic frito the
country, there came ainbasaadors-Aort both the
brothers, each of thcni desiring his assistance:
but Aristobulus's three hundred talents had more
weight with him than the justice of the cause;
which sum, when Scaurus liad received, he sent
a lieraUl to Hyrcauus and the Arabians, and
tbrealenedtheiu with the Vesei|.tiiieiit of the Ro-
mans, and of Pompey, unless they would raise
the siege. So Arctas was terrified, and retired
out of Judea to Philadelphia, asdid Scaurus re-
turn to Daiiiascus again: nor was Aristobulua aa-
tisfied With cscapiii» [out of hia brother's handa,]
out gathered all his forces together, and pursued
nisenfemies, and fought them at a place called
"PFon, and slew about six thousand of them,
and/ together with them, Antipater's brother,
rlllllOn. :
.417
^'That this Antlpatcr, the father of Uctod the Great
wsan M«m«<i«, as Josvpliua alfirnis lierc, see tlio note
on Antiq. h. jiv. eh. xv. ami. 2. .
.»!i" '•. fo^pwhat probable, as Ilnvcrcamp auppoara.
and partly Hpanheim' alao, that the I,atin copy Is here
4. VVhen Hyrcanut and A*Hpat«r were that
deprived of |f,„ir hopes from the Arabians, the*
IransfcrKd the same to their adversaries; and
because I omiiey had passed through Syria, and
waa come to Dumasrus, they fled to him for an
aialance; and without any bribea.f they made
the same emntable pleas thnt they had used to
Aretaa, and besought him to hate the violent be-
havior of ArHtobulin, and to bestow the king-
dom upon hiiii to whom it justly belonged, both
on account «f hia good character, and on account
of biB auperiority m age. However, neither wa*
Anatobulua wanting to hiitfaelf in this case, a*
relying on the bribes that Scaurus had received:
he was alao there hini»elf, and adorned himseir
after a manner the most agreeable to royaltv iha,.
he was able, Kut he swii thought it benentli hini
to come in such a servile manner, and could not
endure^to aervc his own ends in a way so much
more abject than he waa used to; ao h« departed
from Uioapolis. "^
S. At thia his behavior I'onipey had great in-
dignation; Hyrcanua also nnd hia friends made
great intercession to Pompey; so he took not
°"v,l"*. "O"'"" forces, but many of hia Syrian *
auxiliaries, and inarched against Arialubului.
Uut when he hud passed by PcHa and ScythoiH)-
lia, and was conic to Cowa, where you enter into
the country of Judea, when you go up through
the Mediterranean pnrta,he heard that A riatobii-
luB. «vas lied to Alexandrium, which is a strong-
hold fortified with the utmost niagnificencc, and
sitiiated upon a high itiounlain, and he 'sent to
hini and commanded hiui to comedown. Now
his inclination was to try his fortune in a battle,
since he was called in such an imperious manner.
jTither than to comply with that call. However,
he saw the multitude were in great fear, and hi*
friends exhorted him to consider what the power
of the Romans was, and how it was irresistible;
•0 he complied with their advice, and came down
to Pompey; and when he bad made a long apo-
logy for himself, nnd for the justness of his causa
in taking the governnicnt, he returned to the
fortress. And when his brother invited him ftp
plead his cause,] he came down and spoke about
tll«M"»''<:o of It, and th«!n went away without
any hindcrance from Pompey: so he was be-
tween hope and fear. And when he came down
It was to prevail wi A Pompey to aHow him the
government entirelyT and when be went up to
the citadel, it Was that he might not appear to
debase himself too lovv. Howcvtr, Pompey com-
manded him to give up his fortified places, and
lorced him to write to every one of their gotern-
ora to yield them up; they having had this charge
given them, to obey ito letters hiit what wete 5f
his own hand«vriting. Acconliiigly he did what
-he »-as ordered to do; but still had an indignation
at what was doufc, and retired to Jeruaakiu, and
prepared to fight with Pompey.
6. Hut Pompey did not give him time to make
nliy prepar.itions [for a siege,] but followed him at
his heclst he was also obliged to niake-haste in
his attempt, by the death of ftIithridatcs,of which - '
he was informed about Jci icho. Now here is the
most fruitful country of Jiidea, which bean a
va«t iiuinber of palm-trees, besides the halsain-
trci-,t whose sprouts thev Cut with xharp stone*
and at the incisions they gather the juice, which 1
drops down like tears. So I'orapey pitched hit
camp in that place one night, and then hasled
away the next morning to Jerusalem; but Aris^
tobulus was so affrighted at his approach that he
came and met him by way of supplication. He
temple, when he took it a little afterward, cb. vll aeet
B; and Antlq. b. xlv. rhap. «n aeet. 4, will hardly psrmit
lulo desert the Greek coptea, all which agree Ihit^dld
iHH laKe ttiem. t
lOf the^^famoiiBpalmtreea andhal
f ■ rompcv did lake the ma ny prc se i i la n f ' ,„*," .; '"Vf , '"°'''.P'''"''"'f*. ""a M l jain a h ^ut Jeri e ho
ftredi;imi;.vi|.rcamis,rhrwouldK^
«rs from Aristor.nlMS, snH. «; although hi, rcmarknhle i„- .Tit" "• '^''-.''i f^""'" '• They>re iomewllil to»
•l*Uneucefromtl.cS;W)Ot»ieiit.iliJ^^iUVt,r/ew£Sl *"^ ™ •
ml w
;t' ;
WARS ^F THE «!:>VS.
H>. "S thereby »'"«^«** "'','Sf "oditioM fie ititt P«fi'"»«i'J? ShWnAe temple w«» •ctu.lly
Yet did not he R^'f-Xt^buluVl^^ wwld m^ neji. Nor '»^"^' "J'^S? d.y il.'»n .boat tt^
h«l ngreeil to-, f"' A"»'t°'f™*» jT"A.iho *■• taken, end they weM ejen^ u ,
Tnincl. MedrntOebiom, into the c^.^^^^ ^.j they Uet. o^ *• °J^ .^.i,,.^.
Mot to receive the money thet be n«. v j Ayinewondii^ ttat were^egpo^^ ^^^ j.^^^ ^^^^
CHAP. Vn.
for It WM "n the thiw >aown o "difficulty
the Roment "'"'^t •o-.r. eS^get into th'e
oveHhrow on. o^ rt. ^"^^^JjX.Stured to «e.
'""flh. ^l WM Fweta. Comeliu.. the .on ol
im Ai* o«*«r E^lo«. .» Ju*»-
n. AT tlii. tr..tm*?t Pompeywe. '-/ -;;^|^ . -f^^^^^ by . ^h"" o. n.. "-"^V,j;~----,
!■
then, nnd that the '•"«>, '^XhwMwithin
w^'^^ISnriiSJstipTiii':^"
'??••.•:.. .k„..< «h<! r worship t
/
v.-
Romen »o1d.er. were_in._^So Ari.«.^^_^^j^r;^ | ^^^ ^„,^ .!"«»..'!!'!.!:r.lia2^welve thouwnd;
when the, jpok^^upon '"gV^J'^^^^'^W^^rty they «=t fi--« »» '^" =TogSher withAhen,.
Romen •°J'l''"Jf"^?;ed into the temple, a™! the wall. ,»"''je^'"^er.w2^welv? thouwnd;
:;^^«'io4S»«on b^^^^^^^^^ were-ain. but.
^^^ ^y':^:^'''^,'lZ^A'*'i ^^"'i^^i'.::::^^t^ affected the..
Md the city, by breawng oowuv- -^~»
bnt ol tne noiu«»» "■•/ :-v
hitherto .een ^ -°:!-.*\°„d tho.e th.t%'
.tranger.; "^"X J^HK^'^e Umple iiMsU. whith^
jAout him. ''•»,Vr, JTy to «ter but the hieh
^t waj not lawfnl ^»' ^«y„% *^iu,d therein iS.
P^^fwiSk w'a U. lamiSI anS the table and the
candleiticK wim "V"!, /l' ^„. all made entin-
'y.»/.f?'w:!'_wh .Vo^oSond Ulenu of s.cr«i
3mwiMm-^i&s
carry the matenal. »' thnt Pg^jT^'^t^^t „iiey.
mmmBB
commended the.mini«er.-----r-r - ^
L- ~.v.:..h ihi" RoiiiBDS underwent, roropey
Zv did not Tt all ntennit their Ul.Biou. .er-
t^;':i;°:,h:, th^y were -'°'"P"'"^ "'^^ I ^ .^ , ,, ' ^^ ,^ ^.4 o«torC.ce,ohUn^ r
-ViK^JSSY from the ^
citie* they had fo^^J^ Jem iS "rhim ."ba.
to C(rio«yna. and made them '""J^'p ^„ „«.
jS.-^
BOOK I>-CHAP. VIII.
410
• citjr w«i« in fall
ud pttri6cttioiii,
'iotti wonhip. wm
!he utuioti cuck
implawai •ctuilly
•y kUin about Uw
initaBCCf of their
liatfdbytbeirUw;
of the liege before
th KTMt diOicuhj
, end get into the
■II ventured to get
>mer)ui, the eon ol'
ere two centurioni,
y one of thcM wu
own, who-encom-
and elew M>me ol
I for ihelter to the
for • while, fought
if the prieetf, even
niei aeiailing them j
without any diitmrb. J
B wonhip, •*<» were/-
ing their drink-offer-
icense, a« preferring
■hip to tjod, liefort
be greatest part of
own countrymen, of
1 innumerable niulU-
)wn precipicee; nn, ■
s lo diitractRd anioM
they were under, thai
ngi that were near Ii.^
t together withAhem.
lain twelv? thouiand;
few were, alain, but i
led. , .
> that affected the nv
mitiet they were tte«
jlace, which had beti
hould be laid open lo
and those that w
, umple it»elf. "'"th':
to enter but the hieh
( reposited therein, Ike
,, and the table, and the
:enterf,allipadeentm-
quantity of tpice»he«|i-
idrtndUlenU of sacred
touch" that money, Mr
wre repbeited; but ke
ra about th^temple, the
lad taken it, to clesnie
r accustomed sacnficti
banns high priest, B»*««
spects had showed grett
ng the siege, but as b«
hindcrine the rault.tud<
from aghting for Aruto-
. otherwise very ready tc
eans he acted the partol
onciled the people to to
than by terror. . ^o«
ristobulus's fathrr-in- la*
,hU unci*: so those th.t
e punished with decnlla-
istiis. and those with bm
irely, with glorious pt;
lite upon th* cojintry, ant
. from the nation all thotf I
ly taken, and that o^K'"
e them subject to hm. that
ntcd to be th« «<""?» P"-
luccdJudeawithinit8l«i:
rebuilt Gadara,t that h^^
I. /(ews. in order to 6"'"!
^t.4. out of Cicero htnwdf.
-i 4
i evidence of this iUifbuJM
a bei« asmres
on* Demetriui, who was of Gadarti'tnd was one
of his own freed-men. He also made other cities
free from their doininiou, that lay in lhemid>tof
the country, such, I mean, as liiey had not de-
molislied before that time. Hippos, end Scytbo-
polls, as also Pclla, and Saniariu, and Marisia;
an^ besides these, Ashdod, and Jamnia, and Are-
Ihusa; aJfein like manner dealt be with the ma-
ritime CMCs, Gaia, and Jopnn, and Pora, and
that which was anciently called Strato's Tower;
bat was- afterward rebuilt with the most inagfii-
icent adiliccs, and had its name changed to Ca-
sarea by king Herod. Alt which he restored to
their own citiieos, and put them under tb* pro-
Tjoce of Syria: which province, together with
Judea, and 'the countries as far as Kgyptand En-
^hrutes, he coiiiniitted to Scaurus as their gover-
nor, and gave him two legions to supuort him; ,
while bn niadr all tKe liasle he could himielf to |
5o throui^h Cilicia, in his way to Kome, having j
.ri^hjbulus and his children along with hini, as |
bis captives. They Arere (wo daughters and two
^ of which sons, Alexander, ran ,
s going; but the younrer, Antigo-
ijsters, were carried to Kome.
CHAP. VIII. •
AUxandtT, ike Sonof^rtMlokxtlus.ithorttnaway |
/jrom Fompty, mnkis an Expediti^^a^itut
Jiyrcanui; but being overcome by GoBlnlui. he
delivers up the Fortre$si.$ to Mm. ^Jfiler thU
ArUlobufM eaeapetfrmn Rome, and gatheri ah
Army iogellur ; but bting beattitby the Romam,
Ac it brought back lo Rome; with other ihingi
relating to Gabiniiu, Cratsut, and CoMsiui.
{ 1^ Itf (lie mean time. Scaurus made an ex-
pedition into Arabia, but was stopped by the dif-
ficulty of the places about Petra. However, he
laid waste the country about Pella, though even
there he was under ^reat hardships ; for his army
was afllict4d with luiiiiiie. In order to supply
which want, llyrcanus aflurded him some assut-
ance, and sent him provisions by the means of
Antipater; whom also Scaurus sent to Aretas, as
one well acquainted with him, to induce |iim to
pay him monfy to buy bis peace. The king of
ATabia* complied with the proposal, and gave
him three hundred talents; upon which Scaurus
drvv his army out of Arabia.
2. But as for Alexander, that son of Aristobu-
lus who ran away from Ponipey, in some time he
KOt a considerable band of men together, and lay
Eeavy upon HyrcanUs, and overran Judea, and
was likely to overturn him quickly; and indeed
ha had come to Jerusalem, and had ventured to
rebuild its wall that was thrown down by Pom-
pey, had not Gabinius, who was sent as successor
to Scaurus into Syria, showed his bravery, as in
many other points, so in making an expedition
against Alexander; who, as he was afraid that
be would attack him, as be got together a large
army', Composed of ten thousand armed footmen,
and fifteen hundred horsemen. He al^ built
walls about proper p aces, AUxandiriuul^ and
Hyn^ninra, and Macherus, that lay npo^the
mountains of Arabia. 1
3. However, Gabinius sent before him Marcus
Antonius, and followred himself with bis whole
army; but fur the select body of soldiers that
were about Antipater, and another body of Jews
under the command of Malichus and Pitholaus,
these joined themselves to those captains that
were about Marcus Antonius, and met Alaxan*
der; to which body came Gabinius withhiimain
army soon afterward; and as Alexander was pot
able to sustain the charge of the enemiaa' forces.
*Takethe like attestation to the truth of the
ilon of Aretsa. kin( of AraUa, to ecaiiru tb* Soman te-
■erat,<n the words of Dean Aldriijh. *'Heiie«'*sarsEe,
" I s de i lved that o l d and fa i n u iia llwia tl us Iw Iomib^ l a
t|* iEmillan fkmily [reproacnied in Havcrcamp's edl- 1 SX B.C., and bancatli,
now they wer* jiained, he raJUML But when ha
was come near to JerusalMnrhe' was forced to
fight, and lost six thousaiul men in (he baltlat
three thousand of whom fell down dead, an«l
three thuuund were taken alive; so he lied
with the remainder to AUxandrium.
4. Now, when Gabinius was come to Alev*
drium, because he foiiiid a gnat iimii) there ea>
casnpad, be tried, by promising theni pardon for
their former offences, -to induce them io coma
over to him, before it came to a fight; but wheo
they would hearke»to no terms of arcomnioda*
tion, h* slf w ii great number of them, and shut
up a great number of them ijt 'the Citadel. Now
Marcus Antonius, their leader, signalixcd bin-
self int this battle, who, as he alwa^'s showed
great courage, so did he never show if so much
as now; but Gabinius, leaving forces to . taka
the citadel; went away biiiiM'lf, and settled tha
cities that had not been dcmoliiihcd, and rebuilt,
those that had been destroved. Accordingly,
upon his injunction, the following cities wera
restored: Scythnpplis, Samaria, Anthcdon, Apol-
lonia, Jainnin, Raphia, Marissa, Adoi^us, Ga-
mala, Ashdod, and many others; while a'great
number of jnen readily run to each of them, and
became their inhabitants.
'6. Wl)eu Gabiniiis had taken \«re of theia
cities, he returned to Alexaridrium, iind pressed
on the sie^e. So when Alexander despaired of
ever obtaining the government, he sent ambassa-
dors to him, and prayed him to forgive wha^ b*
had ofleoded him in, and gave up to him the re-
maining fortresses, Hyrranium and Macherus, at
he put' Alenodriuni into his hands afterward: all
which Gabinius demolished, at the pinuasion of
Alcxiander's mothir, that they might not be re-
ceptacles of Men in a second war. She wu
now there IM order to mollify (iabinius, out of her
concera.fer bar relations that were captives at
Rome, Which were her husband and her other
children. After this Gabinius brought Hyrcanus
to Jerusalem, aild committed the care of tha
temple to hini;Ji>ut ordained the other political
goveronient to be by an aristocracy. *He also
parted the whole nation into five conventions, as-
Higning one portion to Jerusalem, another tq Ga-
dara, tliat another should belong to Amathus, a
fourth to Jericho, and to the fiuh division nm
allotted Sepphocis, a city of Galilee. So* the
people Were.glad to be thus freed from monarchi-
cal government, and were governed for the future
by an aristocracy.
6. Yet did Aristobulus afford another foundar
tion for new disturbance*. He fled away froU
Rome, and got together again many 'of thei Jew*
that were desirous of a chanKe, such a* had
borne an affection to him of old; and when he
bad taken Alexandriuin in the first |ilace, he at-
tempted to build a wall about it; but as soon as
Gabinius had sent an army against him under
Sisenna, Antonius, %nd Servilius, he was awara
uf it, and retreated to Macherus. And as for the
unprofitable multitude, he dismissed them, and
only marched on with those that were armed,
being' to the number of eight thousand, among
whom was Pitholaus, who' had been the lieu-
tenant at Jerusalem, but deserted to Arislobiilu*
with a thousand of his men: so the Romans fol-
lowed him, and when it came to a battle, Arislo-
bulus's party for a long tiioe fought covtage-
ously: but at length (hey were overborne by the
Romans, and of' them nve thousand fell down -
ilead, and about two thousand fled to a certaia
little bill, but the thousand that remained with
Aristobulu broke through the Roman army, and
marched together to Macherus; and, when tha
tkm,] wherein Aretas appear* In a poUareof aapaltca-
tkm, and taking bold of a camel'* bridle srlth hb left
hand, and with hiariiiht hand piesentinf abraaehof the
frAnkthrelite-tfee. Willi (hlllBtCTlpllon. M. BCAUKDB
, REX ARETAS."
1
i
4ao
WARS OP THE JEWS.
d
hv
r
kioK AM lodged (h* int niglit upon ill raim, h%
WM ■■> hop** of "'•••■(t Mother tamj, if the w^r
wAuld^ but ceete'ewhiUt ■coonliofly, he forti-
ji%I thot ttroHK hold, (hough it wore done efter
/Vvhof winner. But, the Romena falling uAhn
' hiiii, he re»itted, even .beyond h^i tbilUiei. lor
two davti end then wm taken, and brought a pri-
abner to Gabiniui, with Antigonui hi^ ion, who
had fled away together with him from Rome,
and f^m Gabiniui he wai dtfried to Rone again.
' Wherefore the tenate pijfShini nmtar wnBne-
ment, but returned hii childiren bipt to Juclea.
beCBUw Gabiitiuf informed them by letter*, that
' lie had pron■|i^WC^rl•tobulua'l' mother to do m,
for her delfvering the fortr<«ei'iip to, hira.
7. But now, ai Gabiniui w»i mawhing tp the
" war againtt the. Parthiaot, he wa« hindered by
^tolemy7Jrho(u, upon his return from Kuphrnjei,
he brought b>ck iAlo Egypt, making u»e of Hyr-
' canut and Antipater to protide every tiling that
■ wanneceitaryior this expedition; for Antipater
fnrniihed him with inon«y, and weapons fml
corn and auxiliaries; he also prevailed with the
Jews thpt were ther<i, and guarded the avenues
at Felusium, (o let Iheni pass. But rtbw, uppn
Gabinius's absence, the othcr.port of SjTin was
in nioiion,pnd Alexander, the son of Ari*|()bului,
broiiglit the Jews to revoltlagain. AccordinKi) .
he got tegether a very great army, and set about
killing all the Romans that were in ihc country;
hereupon Gabinius was afraid, (for he was, come
ba6k already out of Kgypt, an<tobliecd to eonio
, back quickly by the«Vt«mults,|and sent Anti-
pater, who prevailed with some ot the re»»Wers
to be quiet. However, thirty thoniand still fcon-
tinucd with Alexander, who was hinrself eager
ttrfight also; acconlingly, Gabinius Wejt out to
' fieht, when the Jews met him, and, U the batge
» was foueht near Mount Tabor, ten thousanil of
them were slain, and the rest of the idBltitjide
dispersed themselves and fled awny. So O'kbi-
nius came to Jerusalem, and settled the govern-
ment as Antipater would -have it; thence .he
marched, and fought and beat the Nabjiteans.
As for Mithridateaand Orsanes, who fled out of
Parthia, he sent them -away privately, but gave
it out among the soldiers that they had run wi*ayl
8. in the iileantime, Crassus came as successor
to Gabinius in Syria. He took away all the rest
of the gold belonging to the temple of Jerusalem,
in order to furnish himself fo» his expeUitipn
'against the Parthians. He also took away the
two thousand talents which Pompey had not
'toucUgiT; but when he had passed over Ku-
EhAtes, he perished himself nnd his army with
iji; concerning which afl°airs this is not a
pitper time to speak [more largely.]
9; But now Caisius, alter Crassns, put a stop to
the Parthians, who were marching in order to
enter Syijl. Cassius had fled into that nrovince,
and whenme had taken posscbsion of the same,
-»he made fc hasty march into Judea; and, upon
his takingPrariche.^, he^arrie<l thirty, thousand-
Jews into slavery. He alio slew Pitholaus, who
had supported the seditious followers of Aristo-
bulns, and it was Antipater who advised him to
to do. Now this Antipater married a Wife of an
eminent family among the Arabians, whose name
wasCvpros, an4.Jift<l four sons born to him fly
her, Phasaetaiand Herod, who was after\ftitd
king, and, besides these, Joseph and Pheroras;
•ndhe had a daughter whose name was Salome.
, Now, ai he made himself friends among the men
• ' of power every where, by the khid offices he did
them, and the hospitable manner that he treated
them; so did he contract the grtMcst friendship
with the king of Arabia, by marrying his rela-
tion; insomuch, that when be made war with
and mtfutjlri bl* children
Parthians from repaiiing It; tmtctming which
matter w« shall ipeaK elacw^M»i«
Aris t obul ui, he sent
CHAP. IX. «
,/Ir»*/o6ulu»<« tak«iPO/f ^i*om|Wj('f frieriJi,u
U katonAUiandtrbjfSciino. AtUipmUrtut'
livaliia FriinUthip vMh Ca$ar, a/iir P<m-
ptytVUtk; he aUoptt/bnugrtat Action* in .•
that iyar,U>ktreinhtq$ti$UdMUhridaltl,
>" 8 1. NoWf, upon the, flight of Pompay, and of \,
the senate, beyond the Ionian Sea, C«sar got
Rome and ;lhe empire under his power, and re-
leased Aristobulus from hisbondk Healsocom-
milted two legipns to him, and sent him m haste
into Syria, at hoping that by hit means he should
cBsity conquer that country, and the garts ad-
ioiiiing to Judea. But envy prevented any effept
of Aristobulus's alacrity, and the hopes of La-
tar; for he was taliep off by poison given him by
those of Poiftpey't party, and, for a long whllj,
he had not 10 much as a buoal vouchsafed him in
his own country; but Wt dead bo<ly lay [nhovt
eroond,]i>»«i«ved in honey, pntilit was sentto
The Jewihv Antony, in order tp bO burjed iivihe
royal sspulchrfs. • ' l l 1 1 1,.
2. His son Alexander also, Wat <)^hcad^d by
Silpii) at AntiQ<ih, and that ^ the c^mwnnd of
Poiiipry, and upon an accusation laid againsthim .
before hit tribunal, for the mischiefs he had dona
to the Romans. But Ptolemy the son of Mennt-
us. who was then ruler Of Ohalcit underLiba-
niR. took his brethren to him, by sending his son • ^
Philippio for them to Ascalon, who took Antigo-
mis, ns well as his sisters; away from Arlstobu-
Iuh's wife, and brought them to hit fathw; and
falling in love with the younger daughter, he
married her, and was afterward slain by his fa-
ther, on htr account-, for Ptolemy himself, afljt
he had »lain his son.^marrie^ her, whose nartie
was Alexandra; on account of which marriagt,
he took the greater care of her brother and sister.
3. Now, after Pompey was dead, Antipater
chanced sides, and cultivated a friendship wUh
Cicsar. And, since Mithridates of Perganiui,
with the forces he led against EKypt. . was ex-
clilded from thfe avenues about Pelutium, a«Kl -
was forced to stay at Atcalon, he pehuaded the
Arabians, among Whom he had lived, to assiit
him, and came himself to him, at the heatf of ^
three thousand armed men. He also encou-
raged the men of power in Syria to coroe to hit
assistance, as also of the inhabitants of Libanui,
Ptolemy, and JariiWicus, and another Ptolemy,
by which means the cities of that country came
readily into this war; insomuch that Mt^thridatet
ventured now, in dependence upon tile additional
strength that he had gotten by Antipater, to
inarch forward to Pelusium; and when they re-
fused him a passage through it, he besieged the
citv: in the attack of which place, AntipSMr ",
prfncipnily signaliicd himself, for he brought
Jlown that part of the wall which was, over «gamit
hini, and leaped first of all into the city, with the.
men that were about iiin. ' •
4. Thus was Pelusium Uken. BntstilUaithey
were marching on, those Egyptian Jewt that in-
habited the country, called the country of Onias
stopped them., Then did Antipater not only per-
suade them not to stop them, but to aflbnl provi-
sions for their army: on which account even the
people about Bfemphit would not fight aeaintt
them, but of theirow^cord joined Mithrid^s.
Whei^upon he wenAound about Delta, and
fought the rest of the Elgyptians at « place called
the Jews' Camp: nay, when he wat (n danger
in the battle with all his right wingw Antipater, j
wheeled about, and came along the bank of tha
river to him: for he had beaten those that op-
pos'e'd'him'as he l ed the left win g . Aft er w hi e h
fucceai he fell upon thoae that puraued. Uithn-
•.Tbit citalkm to now wtntMg. ,•
with bjm. So, when Cattlut had forced Alex-
ander <o come to tcrmt and to Sip quiet, he re-
amed to Euphratea, id order to prevent the
V
■3?"
/ ,
tonctroinf which
nfty'B fritnJM,M
0. AH^ifmttrtu^■^
7€e$ar, a/ltr Poimr
twrtat Aelion$i»' ,'
dMUhriiUtti,
f PomiMjr. and of ,
n Sm, C«wr got
hit power, anil ri'
ndti Ha alio com-
J MOt him in haitt
itnirani he ahould
and the.iiart* ad-
irevented any effiept
the hope* of Cie-
oiton Riven him bj
h, for a long wtiiljt,
I TOuchufed him m
A bo«ly lay [i»b«»«
yintiiit wa> icntTo
tp bo Duried iivihe
, WM ^^hcad^d by
ly the ci^innUHnd of
ion laid against. him •
Itchicfa he had dona
f the «on of Menne-
OlholcU undec Liba>
, by lending hi* ton - ,
J, who took Antigo-
itvny (torn ArUtubu-
II to hi> fathe^; and
unger d^iught^r, he
ard ilain by hi> fa-
toUniy himwlf. aft^
Bc\ her, who«e name
of which marriage
er brother and sister,
rai dead, Antipater
!d a fricndibip with
ila(e« of Perganini,
nst EgTpl, wa» ex- .
bout Pelutium, and -
>n, he pehnaded the
had lived, to assiit
bin), at the head of
1. He also encou-
Syria to come to hit
liabilantt of Libaniii,
ltd another Ptolemy,
>f that conntry came
nch that Ml,(hridatcL
■e upon the additional
en oy Antipater, to
[ and when they re-
1 it, he besieged the'
ich place, Anti'p*f«r \
lelf, for he brought
hicli was over vgainit
nto the city, with the
[CD. BntitilUaithty
^ptian J«w» that in-
the country of Onias
intipater notonly per-
il, but to affoni provi-
tlich ftccoont even the
uld not 6gbt against
rd joined Mithridates.
id about Delta, aiid
tinns at* place called
len he wat in danger
ieht wine; Antipater,.
■ ■ liank>*thi
lat op-
'■*.
f
A
7.
BOOK I.-CHAP. 7C.
authority he plrnsril;
I tiun of turti iligniiy
491
but hf Ittft th« deMmiM-
lo him that bes(o«ed(. lh«
(totet, akd ilew a f feaf niaay of them, and pur-
ttfi\ the reiDkinder to far that he t(>i(|c thuir
camp, while h« lost no inortilhankfuurscoiViil his
own men; »s Mithridaletloitt,>during the pursuit
that was made al'Ar bi^n, about tight hundrtil. I over, to rrlinilil tlmsit walls of liis rountry'Uiat
He was also hiiii«»'lf sjived un^xpcctpdr^, iind be- | had be«-n tlinmrii down.* 'I'hrsi' houornry grHiits
came a,n 'irrrproHclmhle witnett to Catbr, of t^e fJafsar-senlonlirn In h;iveengrnvi'il in tluM'upjtol,
dignity l|iion hiiii; so. Iie^was ronttitufad pro-
curator 01 a)! Juiltr*, and nbtainrd Irav^lf^nore-,
long the
beaten thote
Afte r w hi c h
ft wing-
that punued^.Mithr)-
swwantUli^;:"' V ■ ; •
, p^at artions of ASiti|iflcr.
.5. Whereupon Cicsur ciirouraged Antipater to
.undertake otlier hatiirdoiis enterprises tor himi
ai<d.that by giving him gnat coAimcndntiont,
and hou«s of rejvanL -l^n all which.cnterprises
ha readily, exposed himself to lUaiU' dangers, iind
became a most couragiKus wnrmr, and had
many wounds.' alinost nil over hit liudi', as de-
monstrations nf his valor; Aud.wh^Cu'sar had
tettlrd tlie artlkirt of Kgynt, and was returning
'. into Syria ««;ttiii, he gave^ him the privilegti of a
Konian citiif i», and (rieiloin from tam-s, and rcp-
4lere(lhiiiitln object of JHlmiralion by the Kbnors
and miil-ks of (rit'iidthip' he bestoWdd u|ion him.
,Oii this account it was that he also continued
Hyrranua iu the high priesthood- ■> — ^ "r
.-CHAP. X.
1 Caiarmakit Antipater Frocuralor of JiiJea; m
does Jlnliimltr umoint Phasatliii to lie f.u-
•itrnor of Jtruittlem,tinil U^rod liovtfim^.vf
XiHlilte i>wh0, in ionulime,ti>a»caUeil In iinsu't^
. Jbr Kii/liel/' itiifire Ike Sanhedrim,] where lit if
■■- acguillfi,. Sixtiit Cvfajr it'trtacheruiitli/ kill-
, td by Hat$vf, and is tucctedtd hy JUarctijL .
. }1. .About' this time j^wat that Anti^pn)is,
the f oil of Arisluliului, cnijie.to Cicuir, ami \tp-
rame,-in a surprising 'inanuer, tlia oceuriun of
Antipatcr't fafthcr iidvaiKTiJieiil; for,]Swtier*HS
.he ought Jp, Imve luiiiejited tliat.hi» linhvr ail-
> pear<;|ir toAai^L- b^en pnison£d on .acf^opnt.o^ his^
(Quarrels wilh'iPuinpc;^, ami to hnVeeoiiipluincd
orScipiu's biirbarilv toniirilii Ifis brother. n^ not
to luii any inviiliuiis pa^iiun when Ife wSpkuiiig
for mercy f besides tliiise'thiiigsT he tatiie uejore
' Caisar, and ncruted llyrcaiiMsaiul Antipaler.'Jiow'
they had driven hiii^nud his brethren entirely ciRt
> o( tlicir native country, and had noted in a erent
^ iiM^y inttancet uhjuiftly, and eXtraVagahtlyCwith
regard to their nation, and that us (o his assi^tt-
ancethejr hatl^ecnt lijiu into Kgyiit, it was hgt
don£ out of good will to him, bpt'iiiit eT thU'leui
they were in from former quarrels, and iij oriler
to gain pardon for tjieir friendship to [iiisonehiy]
'■■. VomMy- ■„ .. • / * •
2>;|pereupon Antipnt'^r tlirrw (Hvay h>s gar>
menti, aiid showed tlile lAultituile of the woiniclt
he bad, and said,' that " as to his goodvwill to
Ca!9ar, he had^lio oCoaaioii to suy u word, be-
cause hit body cried aloud, though liC sajd-no-
thing himself: Hhat he wondered at Antigonus'a
yj boldnett, while be was hiiiiijelf no other than'the
Y^^OD of an enemy to the Kon^aiis, uii>l of n l'u!;i-
'J^tiye, and had inlieritanct' •rom his lather to bi^
.<^^dnd of innovations and seditions, timt he iAioitkl
/vundertakc to accuse othernien befure ithe Koma'n
I governor, and eiMeavor to gain tonic advantage'
^ , to himself, when be ouf^ht to be contented tlial
he wat suffered to live; tor that the reaton of his
desire of goveriiii% ' public ulfairs, wat not so
much because lie wiis in want of it, but berausei
if he could once obtain the same, he might stir
uiS a sedition among the Jews, and use what they
•hould gain from the Koiuant. to the diuervice
of those thateaye it him." -
3. WhenCaitar heard this, he declared Hyr^
canut to be the most worthy of the high pries|-
. hood, and gave leave tg Aiitipater tu'choote what
. ■' - . . . ^
. * What it here noted by lludinn and flpanhetm.ibat
'hli grant of leave 10 rebuild the walla vf the cltiea of
ia < «a wat nmrte h y J u liu s Ciwnr , no t a t h e r e to A i fti -
Kter, bill to llyfr.'iiiut, .^olfai, b. x4v.. eh. viU. Met. &
lAardlyjin ii|ip.:<:iraiire ofa riiii||rnilirUon'; AntJQa'
,„ iM-api
tha^thry might stand lliere as indlcntiolit^fbit
own justice, and of the virt^i; nf Antipater.
4: Uut at snon us' AntipAfer lyid Conduo^d '
Cirsar out nf Syria, he retiirui'd to Judca, Itria.
the first thing he did, was to #liuihl that walLof
hit own country, f Jerusalem, j yyl^ich I'oiiipcy
had overthrown, and then ^o go over ihii rutin-'
try, and to i|uiet the tumults' tniit wrre therein ;'
where he partly llireateiied, and partly afjvisaij
e\nry one, and lokl them, (hat, "in M«« thtjf; r
would submit to Hyrrnnu],,they wojild lire linji- .
pily and peaceably, and eiijdv what they pot-;
sesscdvumi that w\th universut pence and qiiirl-*'
ness; but that, in case tIfiW hearkened to su):h
it had apiiie 'frigid hope^^, )iy raitiilg Jiew.troii-
bieli.tn get tlfeiiinelvrs utrtiit* K^'n, they thdnlil :
then find-him to lie flieir lord inotc'iilof^heir'
proruratDr; ^id fmil ll.\n;iinus«^tu fieVtYrant
instead of a king: and, b'ollj tb( Koiiiunsnnu Cjiv-
sur to he'theif>!iienii<'s,' instead ^ii( nilert; (or
tliiit they woi4iii.r<ni)t sujiiir hiiii Iji tiv rrm.n'vd
I'roin (he government. wham.;thevWL|:(inde their .
governor.'/ Ami, nt the same Ifnie that he said
lliis, he settled (he nllairt nf the ciiiintry liy hini-
telf, beftiujiu he saw ih;it Hvrraniis tvai inactivie, ,
ami n^t ^t to manage the ad'airs of thnk(|ig(lo,iu.
So heiccmstilute^d his'eldestvson, I'hasAuuS, vq-. ,
vernot of Jeriisi|l>!fii, and u^ ^hPi'|iftrt« aboNt^it;
he also sent Ij^ji, next s»n, llerod, «ho wn* very.
you^tt.f with ^tjitiil nytnority tnXo (hililee. ,» •
>6. ^ow Hero(KHuit ad uclivK.iiian, aiid.Mqn
found proper"*nHiteifinls for his active spirit to
»>ork' iip«n. A;) therefur<^ Ah /owd that He-
lekiay. llie' heivil of the. rgbbers, ran over tlie,
n*»i^Wioriiig' pjirts lifsS^ia with' a great band
of flirn.'he: caught hini ifiid slew him, aqd many
iiiore of the rublivrs witb,hilii ; whicli enpluit W«9
chielly grateful to the Kyrians, insomuch that
hyiniis ^'vre^iing-in Hemirsrii'iiimeivlation, both
itf the villages and in th(! eilfes, ka having pro-
Cur<!il their qdietgrss, and having preterved what
they possessed to them; on which .occasion he
became acquainted with Sextui Cn;tiir,"B' kins-
man of the great ,C:csnr, anil president of^Syria.
A juM eiiiulatiim of his glnrlou: actions excited
Phasaelus also to iiintattt bihi. Armrdiagly, he
(irorurcd the goud-will of the inhabitants of Jc-
rusaletu, by Ins own nmnagelnent of the city af-
falrij, and did not abuse hfs power i|i»ahy dis-
aerthnh\e nmnnc^r; whenrejt rHhie to pass, that
the nation |>aid Antipater.fhe iespertt that^ere
due.(^Dly to akiijgvagii the honan they all yielded,
him were eqnal to the.honors tific to an idisolute
lordtyi't dtiljie not ubijte any pArt of that good- .
wtill or lldelity \vtiif h he'oiveil to Hvrcanus.
6. Ilowever, lie I'oiind it inipossihle to escape
ehvy in such his pro"periiji,; foi" the glorv of
these young men affect^ even Hyrcanus Rim-
self already priyately, ihough he said nothing of
it to any body ^ biit wlint bib prJDcipally wa»
grieved at,^wm[jtlWr gre.1t ui'iiiiiit of Herod, ami
that so jiiKjnyniesseiigers came, one before ano-
ther, and iniiirmed him of. tt)<f great reputattou '
he gofin all bis uiiileiclakiiinii.,, Thece ivere al«a
niany people in .the royal pailijce itself who inlla-
incd his envy nt'hini : those I miean, who were ob-
structed jn theiir designs by the prudericl" either
hf, the young men or of Antipater. These iiten
laid, that by coimiiittin^ the public affairs lo'the
depiny and inJlnWl9 abhongh heji<terwa>d liade a/
ctplierof ll)^rcHiiUt, and under nrfit'derency of bcliif
t i n t l » hin i looke li e r eal autlio tily to hl n u i lf. — ;f —
tOrSSyGnr^ofaze. t)«etlienbleon.Anilqtb. i.(h»p
xih tect. % and lui h. xiv, chap. ii. tei^t. 2 ; and bf;llia
r
ter «eli|g now, perlvi\m, considered qiiIjwis Hyr^iuia'i I W^r, b. ii. cl». xi. tAi. tt ; and i'oly b^Lr «vU, p. 72S.
':^
.*i.*
^W
493
Va|is of the jews.
not to »>• entirily confiiliBnt of luccf M in n c«i«'
Mihcrv he i« to, fight »giBn»t hi* king, hn mp-
norter, iiiid oil* that hiJ oft«n be.n hit bene-
fiictor, aiul thm hnit i)«v*r iMfn^vcio to hun,
any olh«rwiie than ai he haJ K« arktnea to evil
ih.i ihev did i«,l aow conceal «t.r gover......... councilor., and thi. no farther than bv bringing
niMUf«p«lt pf Antipatar ami hii (on«, he *at
ilowo «9th nothing but the bare natiie ul a king,
without anv o( in authority \ and they anked him
how loftg he would to far iimlake Idmnelf, b» to
breed up kipgt ngninit hia own intereit I for
that they did not now conceal Ac>r goirerniucnt
.many inen without hii gi»ing him any coninianU
'Iw do it, either by word of mouth, or by hu letter,
' . and thi» in conlrad,irlion i6 the law of the Jewt;
' who, tlierefore, in cart he be iwt a kin)i(, but a
iirlvate man, ilill ought to come to hU trial, and
Kuiwer lt> him. and to the tawt of hii =<*.n"7'
which do not permit any one to be kdled, till Be
hulh been comlemned in iudgiiicnt. . •,!.
7. Now l(yrciinu»wa« by clegreci inflamed with
theiio discournei), and at length could bear no
longer, but »uiiiinoned Herod to take. Ill* trial.
vVccordingly, by hit father'i advice* and a» toon
T aJllie aflaira of^lialilee woufil give hiin leave, ho
cime up [to Jeruimlem,] when lie had firit placed
■^rriiona in Galilee; however, ho tame with i»
SufTicieut body of aoldieri. to many, indeed, that
^'he might not appear to have with tiini an army
■^ \Mo to overthrow Hvrcanui'a government, nor
yet to few a» to expose htiii to the innulla of lho»e
that envied him. However, Sextut CiB»iirwa» iii
fear for the young man, lest he should be t»k«n
by Ilia eneiiiie», and (jrought to punishment; *>
he'i«nt tome to denoijnce expressly to HyrcuuuS.
that he ahould |icquit Herod of the capital chor-
ees agaiiut him; who acquitted hiin,accordiiigly.
"jbeing otherwise inclined also lo to do, lor he
loved if ertid. . ■ , ', ^ ,,
• 8. But Herod, lupiiosing that he had etcnped
punishment without the consent of the kmg. re-
tired to Sextus, to Damascus, and eol every thing
ready, in order not to obey him, if he should sum-
mon him again; whereupon those that were evil
disposed irriuted Hyrcanus, and told hun, that
Herod was gone away in anger, and_was prepa-
red to make war upon him; and at the king Re-
lieved what they said,, he knew not What to do,
since he taw that hit aiHagoniit wat itronger
than he was himtelt And now. tince Herod was
made general of Cflclosyrin And Samaria by Sex-
tut Cesar, he wat (orniidablfi, .no\^ only from the
good-will which the nation bore him, but by the
Sower he himself had ; in«bmuchj that Hy rcnnu*'
fell into the utmost degree of terror, and expect-
ed be would preseaUy march against bun with
"e. Nor wat be mistaken in the conjeetuirc h«
made, for Herod got his army together, out of
Che anger he bore hini for bis threatening him
with the accusation in » public Court, and led it to
Jerusalem, in order to throw Hyrcanus down from
' hit kinEdom: and this he had soon done, «n ess
hit father and brother had gone; (Vit togelher,
and broke the force of hit fury, and Ihis.by
exhorting him to enWy his rrvenge no faitlicr
than to threatening and ullrighlins, but to spare
the king, under whom he had been advanced
to luch a degree ' of pojirer; and that be ought
mot to be to much provoked at his being tried,
•a to foreet to be tlpnkful that he was acquit-
ted ; nor to long to fink upon whht ivas^of a *c-
Mncboly naWre., as to be ungratelul f"'. »'»?«;
liwnnce; ahd if we- ought to rietkon that Ood
if the atbitratol! "<>< luccett in *rai-, an unjust
~ Uttie it of iu#i> aisadjantage than an army
can b« 9f«dT»iitage; and that therefore he ought
•Many *rltert of the Boroan history rt|e an account
«f thto marder of Sextus C«sar,and ofihe war nt Ana-
ila upon that occasion. They are cited In Dean Ald-
» rieh'anote.
for his future hopes, and that he had enough
shown his power to(tho nation. - •_
10. In the mean linic. there wat a dliturbanea
among the Romans about Apamia, and a civil
war occasioned by the treacherout slangier A
Sextus Ca-«ar,» by Cicilius Hatsu". which he per.
petraled out of his good-will to Ponipey ; he aUi
took the authority over his forces: but a« tlia
rest of (Jaiar't commandert attacked llinsiit
with their whole army, in order to punish him lot
the murder of Ctcsar; Aiitipaler also sent tin m
assistance by his sons, both on account of liiiii
that was luuriierf d.' and on nctount df that CV^
sar who wa* still alive, both of whom were their-
friends;'nnd a* this war grew to bo of a-fon.iili V-
^ble length, Marcus came from Italy at successor
to Stxtut.
Ittnli% made Pfoc«rnlor «/ all Syria; Mali- ^
(his thn/raid of him, and lakes Jinlipaltr njf
iiy ^I'qisvn; wliirenium Hit Trihnifit </ Iht
tieUiirs art prevailed with lo kill him.
( 1. There was at this time a mighly war
raised niiKJiig the Roinant, upon the. Jinddeii and
t/cacherou» tlaughlpr of CVsar by C'ttsius imil
Hrutus, utter he had helil the goveriuiieiit l.>r tl.ri ■!
years mid seven iuo*ithij.t Upon this murd.r
there were vei'v great agitations, nnj the jjitat
men were niiglitify at ilillVrence one with ano-
ther, and cveiv one Iwlook himself th that parly
a«hcre they had the cftatest hoi*« of advancing
themselves. Accordifiglv, Cassius came intb Syria,
in onlcr to receive the forces that were at A paiiiit,
where he procured a reconciKmtion between Hai-
sus and Marcfis, and the legibps Which yvtreal
difference with hiiu; w, he raised the siege of
Apamia, and took upon him the comnmiid of
th« arhiy, and went about exacting tribute of Iba-
cities, and demanding their money foiuchade-
irree as they were not able to bear. '
• So he eave tommimil that the Jews should
t ^ '■ -I 1 A..l^..a. .. ...UMMosinnti An.
t InthTAntkiumea. ft. «> ? • eh- *'• ""• '' "" ' '"""Ion
?yean7 months, beglnnlnn rIgblly.taytDcan A drif h.
frpm hit terond dictatorship. It It P'f«"« "^« "^
du ratio*, might be 3 years and hetween and -7 monilht
J It ap^rt evidently by Jowiphut't BCcounU,both
^, ^U lie g«*^ «.u>ss>»<«>" .--.— - — ^
bring in seven hundred tajtnts; whereupon An-
troatcr, out of his. dread of Cassius's thrtati,
parted t'^e raising of this «um among hi* soni,
and uinong others of liis acquaintance, and to be
done immediatelv, and iimong them he required-
one Malich«9.wfio was at en^nity with him, to do
his part also, which irecessity forced him to do.
Now Herod, in the first plate, mitigated the |va«-
sion of Caa»in«,'by bringing his share out ol t.Hh-
lee wliicb was'a hundred tnleiil!i, on which ac-
coii'n*-l'e »»» in the highest favor with hiih,
and u hen he reproached llio rest for being tardy,
he was angry at the cities themselves; so he
made slaves of Gophna and Kinnmus, and two
others of less note; nay, he proceeded as if he
w'ould kill Matichus, because he had not mail*
greater haste in exacting his tribute; but An.tip*
ter prevented the ruin of this man, and of the
other cities, and got into Cas»ii4»'«t favor, .by
bringing in a hundred talehttmimediBtelv-
3. However, when Cassiut wat gone.Malichui
forgot the kindnett that Antipater had done hi*,
and laid frequent plots againtt bim Ihat had
here and in hit X'ntlqulties. b. ''v-'". xl.tert.2, that
this CaSKiut. one of <%iar's murderers, "" «^'i«?9R-.
pressor and exarter of tribute in Judea. Thcte .QOInl-
Snu amount to about XaM.WM "If:""* rl'S'^SS
lialf th« yearlyrCTWim i yf "^fa* ""°^ afterward.' H««
ihV noie' on Xntki. b. ii^irciiT »••■«••«•".•'"•»:
,M-ar«,thatGahleethen™td no morothanlOO talent. Of
the 7th part of th« entite tamto ba levied in alitna
country
>
\
■uecrin in n cum
• king, lii> tup-
I lircn hii lu-ne-
;vci'o (o liiin,
< iirkcne<l la evil
than by bringing
. So llrnni WM
icnti, and •iippo-
one iviit ■ufiirunt
I be hud f iiuugli
w*i a di«turbancs
iiuia, and a ciril ,
rou> alaiigJilcr jf
lUHt which hf per-
I Ponipey ; he liUi)
urcci: but an tlia
attacked |I»"'U«
' to puniah hiii> lot
!er aUo nrnt tlicin
n account uf liint '
Loiint df that C'y.
whom were thciiu
be of a-*t>n»iiliv-
1 Uuly at lucceHMr
^ all Syria; Mali-
ifcM Anlipaler nff
I Trihttifti <f lilt
to kill him.
inie a mighty wnr
on tht. «nd(leit «ncl
lur by CcC^niui* iiiiil
Dvrriuneiit I'or tl.ri li
Upon tliia iiiurdir
»n«, nnvl the jjitat
nc« one with alio-
iniwlf t(> that parly
hai)r« of odviincmg '
n\a» came intb Syria,
liat wire at A pu'iiiili
iutioii bt'tweri) Keu-
;iop» Which wire at
raised the siege of
lu the co^finiand of
irting tribute of iha"
money fo luch a dc-
biar. \ ■•
hat the Jews should
Its; whereupon An-
r Casaius's thrcati,
im among hi« aoni,
laintance, and to be »
gthem he required -
iniyr With him, to do
y forced hiiii to do.
c. mitigated the |)a«-
hiD share out of (jhU-
ilen(!>, on which ac-
ESt favor with' hiiii,
real for being tardy,
I themselves; so he
d Kinnmus, and two
! proceeded as if he
se he had not nia^*'
tribute; but Antip*
this man, and of the
Cassids's) favor, iby
S immediately-
I was gone, Malichui
tipater had done hint,
[^inst him that had
xlv.eh. xi.sert.S, that
rdercra, was a hittepop
nJudca. These 701) tal-
■trrling, and are alwut
f Herod afterwarll. Bw
:'-k
Ir
X
BOOK I.-tHAP. XII.
V If hen Malicbus was cau|;ht in kit niot, h
upon Anlipaler'a sons by his impudence; i
thorbughly deluded I'hasaelus, who was the
MT«d t im, at making baste to (at him ont of
Ilia way, who was to obatacle to his wwked
riraclices; but AnIiiMler was so much afraid of
be power and cunning of the man, that he went
beyond Jordan, in ortler to get an arrtty to guard
himself against his treacherous designs; but
ha put
I ; fur he
»..., . ilheggar-
dian otJerufalehi, and ileriid, who was jnl(usled
with the weapons of war, tiid this by a great
uiany etciiscs and oaths, and |i«rsuade(l thrni to
procure his reconciliation (o their father. Thus
was lie prei«rvtd again 1)y Antipater, who dl<-
tuadrd Marcus, the ll&n jiresidcnt of Syria, from
bis resolution df killing ANichus on account of
his Attempts for inndwtion. V
4. U|>on thewar b^een Cassiuiand nrutus,
on one side, agaiiist llx^ounger Ciesar [Augus-
tu»j uudvAutony, on the*oiher, C'assiua and Mar-
tens koJ together an army out of Syria; and be-
caufe Herod was likely to have > greUi share in
nroviding necessaries, they Ibibn madelhiiu a pro-
(itirator or all Syria, and gfve hiin all army of
foot and horse. Casaius proiiiiscd him also, that
after the war was over, he would make him king
' of Ju4fa: but it so happaneik that the poAet
■ Mid hopes of hit son became the cause uf his
ixrdition; for at Malicbus wM afraid of this, hu
corrupted tfne of the king's cupbearers with
money to give a |ioisoned |iotioi| to Antipater;
'" " acrilicc to Malichus'a wirki'd-
438
to fly away Into J^ilea; Iha d(ipi|i; b«
as in of escaping excileil him (o think of krattV
et things; for be ho|ied that be should ra la th»
nation to a revolt from the Komnns, whilij Cat-
siut was busy ahoutthe war against Anlonjjr, and
that he should easily d
the crown for himself.
8. Kut fiile laughed at the hopes he hi |ilv for
Herod foresaw what he was to tealout abo it, and
invited both llyrcanus and him to suppcri but
calling one of the principal servants that stood
by him, to him, he sent him out, as though it
weire tOU^et things ready for supper, but in lealily
to give notice beforehand, about the ploft^ |»1 was.
laid against Kim; accordingly they cal ed to
liiind what orders Caasittt nwl given theili and
went out of the city with their swonls ii i their
bands upon the sea shore, where Ihev fhconir
passed Malicbus round about, and killed hiinwith
many wounds. Upon which llyrcanus wlis im-
loediatcly alfrightcd, till he swooned awnlv, and
fell down at the surprise he was in; and It wai. '
with difncultylhot ho was recovered, wien -he
asked who it was that had killed Malichui if and
when one of the trilmneTi replied that it Wa«
dune bf the commnnd of Cassiun. " Thci , (snid
lie,) Casaius halh aaved holli me. mid my country,
by ^tiiig off one that was Inyin;^ plots 4)(ainst
thoin both." W briber he spoke lucordinf 'to h'ls
own tentipients, or whether his fear wnn such,
that he was obliged t|}„rommeM|Lthe action by
■ :r,JVthi»l||tethuil
to he" bicame a siicrilice to' Malichus's wicked- I saying so, i» uncertain; however,
ness, and died at a feast.^ He was a iiiaii iii6therl il'croilintlicted punishment upon Mi^ticbu|t.
resjlectt active m the management of alTairi't and
xl.ieel.4. It also tp-
moro than 100 ulentt, at
ito bo levied in alllbt
one that recovered the government to Hyrcaiiut,
and prcterved it in his hands.
, 6. However, Malicbus, when he was suspected'
of poisoning Antipufer, ami whtn the multituite
was^iigry with liiui for, it, denied it, and made
the people believe he^was nut guilty. He also
prepared to njyke a great, figure, and raised: sol-
diers; for jMdid not suppose that Herod would
be quiet,/whoiod«ed came u|ion him with an
, army pr^ntlyTlii order to reven^ his father"*
death ; but «pon heai-ine the advice of bis brother,
Fhasaelut, not to puniah hini in ap open manner,
lest the multitude should fall into a sedition, he
admitted of Malichus's apuhi^y, and professed'
that he cleared fiiiu of the suspicion; he also
made a pompous funeral for his father. '
6. So Herod went to Sniiiaria, which was then
ID a tumult, and settled the.city in pence"; after
wbicl), at the [Pehiecost] festival, he returned
to Jerusalem, having his armed men with him;
hereupon Hyrcanus, at the request of Malicl^is,
who feared his approach, forbade them to intro-
duce foreigners to mix thcmsiU cs with thp j>eo-
iple^of the country, while they were purii}ing
.nhemselvel; but Ilcroii* despised the pretence,
■ and liiiii that gave tliat command, and Caiue in by
night. Upon which Maliihus came to him, and
beaded Antipater; Herod also inaile liim be;
: 'Jieve [he admitted «f his |anieiiti)tions as real,]
Vtbougb he had much ado to restrain his passiAn
at him; however, hiVdid himself bewail the mur-
der ot his father, in his letters to Cassiut, wlio,
**' oil ethwaccounis, also hated Malicbus; Casaius
, sent hiiu word back that he should avenge his
father's death upon ^higi, and privately gave
'- order to the tribunes tiMit were under hini, that
> they should assist Herod in a righteous action he
, was about.
7. And because, lipon .the taking of laodicea
by Ca^us. the men of power were gotten toge-
* tuer frnia all quarters, Mith presents aiid'crowns
in thiir liB|ds, Herod allotted this time for the
puni'hmentVf M.ilicbui. Wbeh Mali< hut su»-
peitid tliat,^hid n.is at T\re, he resol\ed to
withdraw his sa!k privately from among the Ty-
riiin«, who MBS ahoslage there, while he '
gut
cHAPv xii;
Phatatlut i$ loo hard for Ftlix ; Htroiat^ ovir-
comttJiittigonut in Hatlle; anil the JtKi accuit
bolh Httm and Phatatlut, but Antoniuiiicquilt
^thtm, and nlakti Ihtm 'i'ilrarchs, i
} 1. ,When Cassiut Wat gone out ofl Syria,
another Bcditifyi arose at Jerusalem, vwiireiii
Kclix assaulted Thasaelus with an army, that he
might avenge the ileatb of Malicljus upon Hi n>ii,
by falling Upon his brollieK ' Now llcroii hap- .
pcried then to bVwith Fabiiis, t|ic (fovermoi' of
Demascin, and as, he was going lo his brojlher's
assistance, he was detointd by sickneS«;Un the
mean rime, t'hasaMus was by hiniself lo]^ hani
forl-'cliXfamJ reproachedi Hyrcunita on account
of his iagrntitudr, Mh far \vhat assistance he
had alTorded Malicbus, and. for'oveflookiiigMali-
chus'i brother, when he p9»>.eBjedbim»<lf «if the
foftflESses; for he had 'gottiti % great iiiiviiy of
them ftlrtndy, and among tlieiu the.st'rong^est '«f
them all, MusCdo. , ", 7 -;
.2. However, nothing rould be sufficient for him-
against the force of He'tod, who, as souii at bev
was recoverAd, took the other fortresses again, ^
and drove hiiu out of" MnSada in the posture of a
SMpplicant; Be also dti>v|inwBv MarK)^, the ty-
rant of the Tyriann, out rtr'Aiaiileei.wbcn ^^e had
already possessed, himself jo( threeJ fortified
places; but as to )bose Tyrians whom he had
caught, he preserved them all aUv*}H»y, tome
of tneni he gave prisiiits to, and so sent iheiu
away, and therebj- i)ro(iired guod-jrill to himself
from the city, and haired to tlie^tyrant. Marion
had indeed obtained that tyrnnniciil power of
CiAisius, wtio set tyrants over all Svrla;* aiid
out of hatred to llenjd it was that he assisted
Antigonus, the son of' Afislubnius, and |)rtnci-
paliy On f'abius's account, whom Antigonus had
made his assir-tant by monyy', and iiatl him ac-
cordingly on his side when he made his descent;
but It Was Itobniy, the kinsmau^f Antigonus
that siiuplicd all tliat he wanted. '
3. WiRen Hirod bad fought against theiejp
the atenuiauf 4udia, he w.is coiioueror in' the
haltle. drove aw.i> /tnti^i.niMi, and returned to
* Here we see that Casslus set tyrants over all Hyila ;
■0 t)uA hit atiisting to destrov Cesar doct not teem to
have prorcoded from Ins true xeal ror|niUic liberty, but
from a desire to be a tyrant hinMlf.
494
VTKm OF Tin!: JEWS.
I
Jcruwicm balofcd bjr •»cry body, for «h« jRlorl-
oiK ■clicin hc'had dune; for, Ihntf who did not.
belura favor him, did joiii thrmi»l*«l to him
4I0W, bccauM of bit marriage into the family «)f
llyrcaniia; for at ho had furiiicrly inarrioil a wifo
out of hit bwn rounlry of no ignoble blood, who
wat rnllid Uorii, of whom bo hrgol AiitU>al»ri
to did he marry Marinnine, the ilaii|rhl«r of Ar«»-
■nti«r, the ton of Aridobuliu, and the grand-
daHghtcrof llyrcanua, and wai b«co|M,tlii:rcby
•.rttation of tli« kiiiK
4. ilutw"
■iun nrar 1'
and Anlony lo Aii)«,aiiiong»t .- ,
which iciit »Mih«»««dor« to Antony, into llithynia,.
•Ih* nrrat niinof the Jews ram« ai»o, amiaccuied
I'hauii'lua ami lltrud, that tli<y kept the Kovtrn-
nient by force, and that Hvrcaiiun had no more
than an honorable name. Herod appeared ready
to answer this a( cusution, and, having made An-
tony hit friend by the laree luint of money whieh -a««iitanrc.
he irave him, he brought TiiHi to iiurh«t«m|«'»» *• "")*•
not to hear the othir» nfieak agaipat him, and "'»ny <" '
of the ki»((.
when t'lV'nr and Antony had "•••I" *'»■*
rhilippi, and Cwnar waa gone to Italy,
nw to Aiit>,ainonK>t ihorcitof thecitiea
Wer« the fittest. Antony was gli« I ol that i
^- forho had been formerly treated ih a hoi
, 1 nhd obliging manner bv his futh^-r An
. wlieii he nml-chcd into Judea withlCJabin
.^*- ' l.u^y\ndf>*Ml<.fl lh«i lir«.lliri<n (•'trnrchl. findc
tbtis did they part at thia time.
5. Ilowever, after thi^t there came a hundred.
ihi; principal men aiuoiig the Jews to Daphne
b\ Antloch to Antony, who Wa» already In love
I w'ilh Cleopatra to the ilrgrce of slavery; these
I Je4a put those men that were the most potent,
both in dignity and el<K|uent-c, foramosf, iui<l ni>
cusid the brethr»4n.» Hut M<'MrI!i opposed them,
I and defended the brethren^and that while Hyr-
, cunus itood by him,, on ftci;ount of his relation to
thiin. VVhtn Antony had hehr I both tides, he
asked Ilyremius which parly was the fitteat to
govern? who replied, that lltrod and hit |mrty
Wer« the fittest. Antortyivas glixl of that answer,
'-- "--' '--■' ' '• -'- •— •' ■'• "i hospitable
\ntipater,
„.„ Diniut; to,
he constituted the brethren tetrarch^,andcpmiiiit-
tcd to Ihtm the ({ovefniiunt of Juden.
6. But when the' anibasjiudora had indignation
' 'tt thit proeedujc, Antony took fifteen ol them,
and put thcrti into custody, whom he wat al*o
|oiiig to kill presVnlly.and the rent tje drow; away
■With disgrace, on which occaiion u still ;j;rc»ter
tiiwult aro'ie at Jeruialemi to they tent again a
thouilind Dnibassadori to Tvre, where Antony
'now abode, at he wat marching to Jerusali^iu;
upon theie«roen, *ho made a clamor, he tent
jut the governor of Tvre, jnnd ordered him to
punish all that he could cafuh of them, liiid to
lettle (hose in the adiuiuiitration wboui be had
made tetrarcht. - ,
7. Hut before this, Hetod and Hyrcnnus went
put upon the senshore,, and earnextTy desired of
those aiul>ii»sadof» that they would neithir bring
ruin upon themsiU'«iD, nor war upon their native
country, by tlieir .rath contentions; and when
PacArui, th« king'* tpn, had potteated them-
lelv^'t of Syria. Md when Lyaaniat Kktl already
tu«rce<ted, upon hit father Vudf my 'Bie ton of
Meoneut'i death, in the governudeni [vf Chalcit,!
he prevailed^with the guVrriinr, liy promiia or
if thouaand talentt, and live hundred women, to
bring back AntigonM* to hit kingdom, and to
turn Hyrranut out of it. Pacorut wat by thete
meant induced a<i to do, and miirihrd along the
teaCoaat, while he ordered llnrinpharnei In fall
upon the Jewt at he wint along the Mediltrra-
iwan part of the country ; but of th" inaritini<
people, the Tyriant Would not receive I'ucoriit,
althiuigh thpte of I'tolemala and .Sidon had. re-
ceived hint; to h« committed -■ troop of his
horse'to. l» certain cupbearer belongiiij^' to the
royal family, of hit own iiame ri'acoriaa,] and
f;ave him ordert to march into Juilea, in order to
earn the itate of affair* among their eneniien,
and to help Antigonut when he ihould want hit
. at thete. men were ifvaging Cnrniel,
the Jewt ran together to Antigonut,
and ihowcd thenitelvet ready ta.roake'Hn incnr'
tion into the country; to he teht them belore
into that place called Drymus.f [the wood-land,)
to teiie upon the place ; whereupon a bailie wan
fought between llicm, and they drove the enemy
away, apd purtued them, and ran after ihem as ^
far as Jerusalem, and at their numbcrt increased,
they proceeded at far as the kingft palace; but
ut ilyrcaUut and Fhataelul received them with
a alri/tig body of meir, llipre happened a battle
in the uiarket-place,in wliich llerod't party bral
the enemy, and shut them up in the temple, and
set tiitylnrn in the houses adjoining at a guard
on them. But the people that were tuinuftuous
against the brethren came In, and burnt those
men; while Herod, in hit rage for killingjjtem. ,
atUcked and slew many of tne people, JRl one
parly made incunioni on the other by turns, day
by day, ib tli* way of amliuihei, and ilaughters
were made cfkBtioually among them.
3. Now, wheB that festivarwhich We call Pen-
tecoit wat at hand, all the placet about the tem-
ple, and the whole city, were full of a inulliludf •
of people that were come' out of, the counir} ,
and which were the greatest part of them armid
alto, at which time I'haiarlna guarded the wbII,
und Herod, vvith > few, guardt^d the royal palace;
and when he made an attault upon hit enemict.
at they were out of their ranki. on the north
quarter of the cityrhe tiew » very great number
of them, wild put them all to flight, and tome of
^theni he shut up within the c\tf\ and others with-
in the outwani rampart. In the mean time, An-
tigonut drttc^d that Pacorut might be admitted
to be a reconciler between them", and PhaiaeJui
wat prevailed upon to admit the Parthian into
I'UHiurt uy .ii.:i, m.., ^v.,........"..., " — the city with five .hundred horse, and to treat him
thtv crew ttill more oulragcous, Antony sent ,in a hoipitabic manner, who pretended that he
"BUt'arnitd men, and;sle>v a grtul nmny, and
wounded niqre of them ;«of whom thosen Ihftt
..were slain were buried by Hyrcanut, ut were the
wounded put under the cure of phyticlniis by him ;
ve't would not those that had escaped be quiet
•till, but put the airairs of the city into ?uch dis-
order, and so provoked Antony, that ho ilew
thos«<wh(Vtthe liad ih bc^d»jBlio. <
J GHAP. XIIL
. TlteParthianshrini^AnHgonni hack into Jttdta,
• and cast Hyrcanus and i'haanelus into Pritoii.
. The Jiight. of HerOU, and (he taking ifJerusa-
Ifm, am wfibi Uyrcanuaind I'hasaeliif siifftreJ.
5 J.KoW two year* aftcnvanlH, when Burza-
pharnet, a governor among the' Parthiant, and
— * rtiaraeluitnd Herod. '■ — — — — r~-
fThit larje andnoled wood or woodland lieloneinK to
Carmei. railed ^puue.- hy the f^tiiacint. is mentioned
ia (tie < >l<l Tcslaiiicnt. 'i K\iK» xl* 33- pnil laalall x IH,
aiiili'vriirutm.li ivi p T.V. as holli AMrlcti and Span
heim itfirc temark very peiliucntly.
~ 4-
<:anio to queR the tumiilt, but in reality he came
to ussi.st Antigonut; however, lie laid a plot fotf
I'hataelut, and persuaded him to go at aivjini-
biistador to Bariiaphariict, in order to p)n an
end to the war, allDbugh> Herod wat Very earnest
with hini to the contrary, and exhorted him to
kill the plotter, but not expose himself to the
snares be had laid for him. becjiute the barbariant
are naturally perfidious; However, Pac^ut went
out and took Hyrcanus with him,- that lie might
be the lest tuspected; he also left tome of the
hortemen, called the Freemen,^ with Herod, and
conducted Phattfelut with the reit.
4. But now.Vhen they were cdme to Qalilee,
they found that the people of that.country had
revolted, and were in armt, who came very cuii-
tTho a e a »e ount«, h a tli h a ta a nd Antl q. h . ilv . rh
itlngl
real I
haviu
' thitiii
' away
were
Kcdii
for il
prom
gomi
Wnnii
live I
reive
bv II
alio I
waite
UlltUll
trriiii
telf;
the g
■ H.
Hvrc
mnlln
Sl|l'lu
he hs
that
^rve
llcUVf
logiei
I'llCOl
ihlan
veitei
<lo>ii<
Cheic
■ 6.
fbacl
l^d.
nt. Ill'
(lectf
IRvill
xiil.teel. 5, that the Partliiana fought chie!ly on hone-
back, aiid that only toiiic few of their aoldicra were fiee
men, perfcrlly agree wiUi Troipia Poinpeiut, in Juatin,
b. til. 3, 3, at Man AldricU well olitervei on thrt place
\
•'ife
'iy
^^'■■■-
iniH K*<l ■Imiljr
olliniy'hi«i t'lii of
iifivnl [vf ChulcU.j
ir, liy priiiniM or
iiwlrrtl woiixn, lo
kinKi|t>iu, and id
oriii WM hy lhc««
iiiirrhi'il ailing lh«
irinphnriu'* In fall
ng the Mi'diUira-
I of th" iiixriliiiii
1 recrivK I'nidrut,
imI ,Si(lon IimI. rr-
J ■■ troop of hi*
bvlnngiiii^' to (hi-
n<i ri*Bcnria>.l uiiil
Juiica, in oriTir to
mg tJH'ir enrniifn,
fie ihould wiiit till
I nvsging Cnrnitl, j
her to Anti|(onOT,
lo.malie'lin incnr-
•ebt thrm before
,t [ihe wooil-Und,)
reupon a battle wan
y drove the enemy
I ran after ihein a* ^
number* increaaed.
kiiii^'i pnlape; but
eceived then! with
happened a battle
Herod's party brat
ill the teni|ile, and
djoiniii;; as a guard
It were tuinultuout
n, and burnt thoie
KC for hilliilgjjteni. ,
he people, iw^one
other by turns, day
lies, and slaughters
; them.
whirh we call Pen-
aces about the tern-
! full of a inullitudr '
lut of, the country,
part of them armi'd
IS guarded the wall,'
I'd the royal palace;
It ui>on his enemict.
'niiks, on the north
I very great number
I flight, and some of
ity\ and others with'
the niL'an time. An-
might be admitted .
leni-i and VhasaeJus
t the Parthian into
rse, and to treat him
J pretended that he
It in reality he came
r, he laid a plot fof
im to go as uiVJini-
n order to p)n an
rofl was Very earnest
ind exhorted him to
pose himself to the
'C^iuse the barbarians
wever, Pnc^us went
him,' that lie might
Uo left some of the
:n4 with Herod, and
le rest.
ere cdme to Galilee,
of that.couniry had
who came very cuii-
a n i l Antl q. h . ilv . fh
BOOK,I.«<CHAP. XIV.
435
aintU' lo their lesiler, and b« „
r.t»l(ut trincheriius intention* by anohligiag lt<i-
light him |orftn-'
y anohligiag lt<i-
hiivior to thrill I iiiTDnlingly, li* at rtr»t made
• thi'iii present*; ami aftrrwiird, as they wi:nl
^ away, tnid auibiKhrs fur Ihrini and, when they
,< werii com* to one of the liiuritiiiiu i-itieo ruUed
Kcdippiiii, they prcelvt'd that a plot was laid
for tiieiii r fof llsty were Outu inforiiird of the
prUMiix- of a tltoii^'*"'! tiilciiln, and him Anli-
gcimii had darottd the gtiiili'St number of Ihe
woniin that were there with them, nniitng the
■ Ave hiindreil, to Ihe Parthiaiis; they ako mr-
reivi'd that an ninbiUh tt^in alwajjs laid for tlieni
by llie barbatians in th» iiigjil-time; they had
alio liien leited on hrfure t)ii<, unleiiii ihry had
waiteil tor the neiiure of Herod Arst at .Kru-
siilem, beiritiine if he were'oiii'e infuriiM'dj>f this
treimhiry of their*, lie would take c»f of him-
self; nor waf thi< a nierr iijvirl. but tli'y saw
the guard* already not fur oil Ihi'ui.
A. Nor woald rhiniaelus think of forsakfiig
nyrciiiiiis and llyiii|r away, iillhou|rh Ophrlllm
, en'nii^lly |Mtr*>iai1i'd liiiii to it: for this man hud
Iriirned the wholi- scheme of the plot from Sam-
iiinlln, thi^rirhett of itll Ihe Syrian), Hut Pirn-
«i|('lui went up to the Parthian (covernor, nnil 1*1'-
■ proai'hed liiin to hi* fare f.ir Inyiiij^tlHS Iren-
■ehercMU plot agaiiiit them, and vhiejly beniiisn
lie had done it lor money; and he »ruini<ed him,
(hat he would gisi' Miiin nicire 4tMney for Ihrir
prj^ertralion tliiiii Aiitijjonus had proiniHcil to
utv)' for the kingiloAi. ilul tli<^ tly Panliiau eii-
deaivorcd to riniove all this siiVpicion by npo-
logie«,and ,by nnlhs, and then went tathc ['other]
Piicnm*; immi'dintely nfler which tho^e'Pi^r-
ihlans who were bfl, nnd hiu) it. in cliiir);e,
reiti'd upon Phatatliit and ilyriiinus, who could
<lo>ii<> more than curse their perfidiuusness and
thei^nesjury. ^. ' ' ,«
' (). In the nieantline the cuptieiirrr wan sent
* rback.l aiyl laid a phit hotv to sei(« upon ilrrod,
' v^ (leliidiDK; him, and getting liiin out of the cily,
ns. he waBTduiiiiniidrd to do. Kut lliroil mu-
reeled tlie biirlinrians from Ihe brgii|iiiiig, and
liavii\g''thert received iiltidligevre tlmt 11 11ns-
sciiger, ^l)p,wns to brin^ him liie tetti'rs tliMt in-
fcirmed him of tlie t^riucfn ry inteiuled, huil fallen
nuiong the enemy, hi: wuulil nut go oiil of th<>
'City; though Pnciiru* snid very poKilivfly', (hat
be ought lo go out, and nii'ct the ineiiiiengers
that brought the lettera, for that llii rnehiy hail
not lakeii them, and that the •'onuiits of them
* were not acCounln 6f any plot* upon tliem, but
of what Phasuel'iis luid 'done; yet had he helwd
Irom others that his brothiT 'was seized; niW
Alexandra,* the shrewdtst woinan in the world,
Hyrranua's daughter, begged of him that he
would no.tgo out, nor trust himself to thoije bar-
barians who were now come to^iake uaaKiUMit
iijiOB him openly. T^ '
7. Now as Pacoruk and his friends were con-
sidering how they might bring their plot to beur
privatejv, because it was not posKible to cir-
cumvent a iiiaii of so great prucleijce, liy openly
nttarjiing liini, Herod prevented them, and went
. otr with the persons that 'were iftti inoiit nearly
related to him by nighti and this„ without their
enemies being appriled of It. Hut, hs soon as
the Parthian* per<~eiyed rl,< they pursued after
them, and, ai Imi gave orders for his mother, anil
sister, and (he youngVoiiian who was betrothv'd
'- to hini, with her mothe,^ and Ilia youngest bro-
ther, to niake the be.<it of their way, he himself,
with his' servants, took Ml the care 'they could to
keen olT the barbarians,; and when, at every as-
sault, he had slain a' great many of theiu, he
came to the strong hold of Masada.
8. Nay, lie found by experience^that the Jews
fell, niore heavily iiptin hliii fh-in ^lid^ tha Pnrttii.
the {lYy : these shnietiii es Brought it to ■ Mirt o'
regular battle. Now, ii Ihr place whrre Uerud
beat Iht^i, and killed a'gri at number of themk
there he nl^erwanl hiiilt u cituilil, in memory of
llie great aetinus hi' liid there, and adorned it with
the moot ciiotly piilaieo, and eni'ird very strong
fortilinitioiK, nnd culliil it Innii hi* <i}vn name ll*>
rodiulii. Now, n> they wire^n Ihtir llighl, many
joined theniiiilv<< to him every day; ami at ■
place called Thn iiit of Iduima, hi* brother Jo-
seph nut hifil, anil advised hiiii to eH»e himself
of a great number of his -follnwera; berans*
Manhda wiiuhl iiit^eii^itnin so great a mult|tude,
whirhp^wirr abote hiiir.thnusaiid. Ihrod com*
plied with thi* nilvice, and sent away the most
cumliernoiiK' part of his r<:liAue, thai they iiitgbl
go into Iilniiiea, and gave them provinuiiis fof
their journey ; liuV ht: got safe to the fortrcs*
with hiis neari-st relatinnn, ami retained with hiiil
only the stoutest nif his Itallowcra; and there it
was that he left eight huiidi-eil of his men ar -^
guani for tli^ women, and provisions sutTiCill
tor a siege, but lie mudv haste himself to Pel
of Arabia.
9, .As for the Parthiana in Jerusalem, they )ic>
took themselveli to iihinilerWig, nnd fill u|Kin tha
houses of tliosn "tnat were Iti d, auM upon thf
king's palace; and spared nothing but llynanus't
iiiiiney, which was not alfove three hundred ta-
It'iits. They lighted on other iiien's nioiiev alio,
but: not so much as thvv hoped lor; for lleroti,
haynig n long while hail a nuapicion of the per-
fidioVmneas ol the barbarians, had taken care to
have what wasuiuit splrlidid among his,treaBUfC(
.conveyed into liliiine'a, a* every. one belongirig tO
hiii: had in like iifaniier done also. Hut the Par-
thian* proceeded to that degrt« of iifjustice, ■■
to liU all (he country with war without denoun-
cing (t, and to demolish the city Marissa, and not
only to set up Antigonus for king, but to deliver
Pliiiikelu* and Hyrcanus bound into Itis'tiandi, in, .
nrdes tp their being,tormented by him. Antigo-
nus Jiiinself also hit olT. Hyrcnnus's ears with nil
own teeth, as he fell ilown upon his knees to hiih,
that so he might never be aide, u|)im any muta-
tion of nlfairs, to take the high priesthood again,
for ihe high priest* that nlRciated were to in
CfitHplele and wllt^out blemish.
10. Itoi ivever , he faihd in his purpose of abusitiK
PhasRi'lusiH[MptiSon of hia courage, ftjT thougn
he neither h'luTthe Ciininimid of hii^sword, nor of
hit hiindHi he prevented all abuses liy dashing hia
hind against a stoUe; so he demonstrated riint*
self (o be Herod's own brother, and Hyrcanusa
mo,<t ' degenerate rehitiqn, and died wjth great
bravery, ajid made the end of his life agreeable
to the actions of it. 'Cher4is also ah'it\|1l)r rep<irt
about his end, vii. that'lJe recovfretl lof that
stroke, and that a sbreeon, sf;|lo was sent by An-
tigonus to heal him, filled ttliK'wound with fioison-
ou^ ingredients, and so killed him ;^>whii'lisnever
of these (jeaths he came to, the begiiiii<>)g of it
was glorious. It is also reported, I hat' before he
expired he w^s Informed by a certain poor wo-
man how Herod had escapeif out of their hands,
and that he said thereupon, " I now die with com-
fiirt, since I leave behind me one alivct that will
avenge me of mine enemies." , '.
' II. This wai the death of Phasaelna; but the
Parlhians, although they had failed Sf the wei^
men they bhielly desired, yet did they put the
government of Jerusaleiii into the iMnds of An-
tigoniis, and took &wuy Hyrcaiiu»,^nd bound
hiin, and carried him to Paiitttia.
CWAP. XIV,
Whtn Herod i$ rtjtcM in Arabia^ht tftakeg kiul*
to Romt, Ktiert/Jlnlonti anitC<r$ar Join thtif
Jnlereit to ifiakt. hiv\kingnf the JiwI.'
} 1. Now Herod did theiuorexealouslyponue
hi* jourjie'v into Arabia, ai making baits to get
Might chieiy on liorse-
ihelr soldiers were free
us Poinpeiu*, in Justin.
1 oliaervn on thf* place
ans, and created him troulile* perpe-tuAlly, and
this ever since he was gotteit'sixty furlong* from
K * Jiran'«i|ia* here, in the copie*. '
\
;w
^^
Am
wAnftflrTnRjr,wa'
thxr.hj whUh <•'">•'•) ■'■>"• " w».ll.«lhH»»l>*<>
l,> nrrvnil umm ihi tovvluiw l< ii\)i€r of th* •»•'•
Iwriiiii to »|»iirr HiMii«|u»i tor liti ri!H».»i*il 'nu*
with hiiiiwll. <lir»l if lh.> An.l»i.tt kinft w»« loij
fiwittlful of lu. futhrri frl.ilik*l|» •»!•'' M"'; •"«'
WM t<Mi iov»tiiMi. to ni«k" hiw • frK' !!"•■ »*
wmild li.>l»tv«r liurrow •.! Iiiiii ut iiiui ll «« ililj|l>t
■ rr<lo«iu Hill l»roilli«f# •Xfl l>«« iiilohi* Imiiu". •• «
iitolitr. Ill" "iti "f liii.1 Ihul w»> t«> b« i*<l««'"«'l i
VrounliDRlv he l->l hi« l)f«lli.r'i «« itli'lW «"<•«
lilin, wb.i »«» i.f thf uKi! of •.v.-n y**". #Jow h*
HSU r«»clV In u'i" •>•■••■» liiii"'"'^ wU'iit* for hn
liWlli.1-. 'wmI iiiU iiiIkI to iJKiir. tbr iiilW***"""
cif Ihr ISiidiin ii> lt«l ll»iiiiico«|>t<|li li(>«»t»«r,
fute hurl ■»'«•< II loo .iiiiili S.r lii. .IHr'ii' •'.■'""'
tlnr* rhu«iiitii» wa» lUud, llirod't l>rwth«rly
love wti« now in viiiii. Morrovrr, he WM nol
ahia to liinl i«ny lu.tiiiK frliiMUhm Hiiiong thy
A»bii.n.i lor ih^lrkunc. ^T"'""' , *'J' .. '"
litut iiuiueJiitUl>«. BUil CiJllimKinlfil iMin Ui-wlu"'
bilk out of tii« toiiiili* , Hiid uMil lb.' iimiH! "I
Ihi I'lirlliiaiw ii» i« ur. liliin for »o (loiaf(, i>« thouRti
tliKi- had (l.iiouiHiit lo liliu \>y till ir BiiilwMicJuri
to can lUroil oiit o( Ariiliin; while iii,r«|ilily
till V bml ii iiiinJ III Ii'«-P hmlc wbiil ibiy <'W«^
to Aniipulrr, itii4 "ol '"' obliKi-il lu i»«l«,«' "-
fluiUb 10 hi. «>i<. lor th« tr.« KilU th.. Iiilhrr
l!,„J niniliv Ihiiii, ll« 1.I.O look lh.> iiimru.linl I th
uilvicii of IhoM-.who, equiill) with hiiiKrll. wire
.■■■ . .1. .>_:.... 11 I ..I' wkur' Aiiliiii
IhniiiKh » •lorm, to iii»li« tuppllciHian «•» h'w '"'
bit ««ii«l»lir«. , . ,
4. ll<-r*uiMir Aniiinv wm iuo»«) lu romM4-
•loii at thii ihaiigc ihiiih.il b*ni iimiU m Mfrml »
alliiir>. mill ihV. both uiirtii bi» chIIiiH lo intitil
how ho«|iil«bly hi' h*l V«n «r.»M ''» Anliri^-
tir. but inor« «iir. mlly mi .iroiml of ll.ni.l .
own vVrlu«l W h» 4hin r»«)lv«il lo Rrl liliu iiim ►
kliiirof«hii Ji-w., whom li* hml hiiiiM-lf ffwmtrli
nixTi/ l..lriiri;h. 'Ilir roiilMl "U« ihiit h« hul
With AnliKoim* w»« •iiol1i«r liidtiriiiwnt. »n^
ibit of no ».«» wiin*il thun ihn Rml rrRinl V
/;>
hwl lor Unroll i for hi. looknl "(ion *''«'K'^ "*
n M<ilitiniii iii.r<on,«ml mi rin.ni» ol Ihf i;*liiiii'.
■ml nt tir (!iB«i»r, Hi tihI louii.l liiiii hHWt pHj .•
■nil nt lor i.iBwr, 111 rii.> ■..»•■.•■ • •- - I -1
ml Ihnii Antony, ii« rriii«iiibtr|ii|j K|»J In -h 1 1.
w»(» hr hii.l ifoii.. llwoMKb ioKi thv^w lb kU In.
Ihtr, Ihi. ho»i.lii,l.le lr*i|hii»iit> hi"[n>«»tw"h
from biiu„i«nil Ihi- ••iHir* K'««' *'" '" •""' I'"""
himi b<'>i<l»t »•>«• iM-iivity w|Ki b h« »Bw lu \Ui,«i
hiiiitflf. So bo mill ll lh(. •liiiutu loRHbtr, whtn
in M*«.illi ». anil nftrr .iitm Airtllnn., |h-imIm«*I
lliroil III fore Ihiiu.^iil guve • fall nctmint nl
thn niirlu of bi» |W»h« r. iiml bii own gooU'Will I .
Ib« koiii«n«. Kt, (bi« •i""'' tini« Ihi-y cl«inoii.lr«
l«il Ih.t Aiiti|«jBij» ivin iMr-iriimy. not oiilv
bccnnur b<> »6on oiinrriUi'il wilh tluiin, Iml bi-
I ■ y.. v. I.. .A tV^j. IIi.iiiBiitt. mill tiMiL.
to Aniipuirr. mm noi o" "'"'k;" •'',:;;;■■;;,,,;;, ; ;:,;,;■ ...."prtw ..v«r."^Vii"\hirjVoi.i..i.,ona i,h,i>
Wlllini to iliin-ivf Mrroil of wbhC Anlipiilir hiiil
.frnoniliilaiiionnthoii; (ind ihwi- nitii W'ire Ibv
nioM piitint of iill whom h« bml in hU klnniloin.
2. So wben'Hiroil liml foniiil ihiit tin. Amlimn*
were hit Vniiiiii », anit thin for thow very tint
whence ho boiK-il Ibiy would h»vi) liieiK the
mont frienilly. roiI ba.l given «t<em .nvM" ••'
•wcr a» hi» imMiomng^fKleil. he nliuineil >>»<:«
HiKl went lor KK)pl. ^ow be loa^:il the finit
evrniiig *t one of the templ«» of iWt lounlrjr, tn
OBlcr lo meet with iho.e whowlii left bebmU;
bul pfl the iiexlilay woril wmJjroiiKbt him iib he
wa> coliiK to Rbiiiocunim, that hu brother wat
de»d. and how ho eSitre W hi« dealh; and when
he had lamenleil binl ayfiiuch at bi» pre»enl cir-
COin»Unc»a could be«< hr won laid ajule iuc*
; caren, and profeedorf nii hia joutnev, IHit now,
Bfler Home tiiiie.vUe kins of Arabiii lepi.nted of
what he bad dujfe, and sent nrinently away ine,-
aenKeri to cMlhim back: llerod bud prevented
them, and/wM tome to lMu»iiim. wlijcrii be
could noTobtaiu a |ia«iin);c from Ihouc that lay
with ti* Heel, 'o he benoiitjlit their captain« to
let biu RO by them; acconlingly, out of the ri-
»»<^ce they bore Ip tbc fame and ilignitj of the
>6an, they cdilduitvd' hiin lo Atexamlria; niiU
/when he cnme iiilo the rily he wan received by
< Cleopatra with great splendjur, who hoped he
luight be perMiadeit lo bo commander of hi r
foree« in tne exiwdilion ihe wan now about; but
he reiected llic queen"* »alicitiilion», and being
neither affriKhleJ at the height of that .toriii
neither allriKniea ai me .leigi.i u. ..... ..^....
which then hapiiened, nor at the tumulli that
were now in ItiJy, he nailed for Rome.
3'^Uuta»'hcwa»ia peril about Pampbvlia, ana
obliged to ca^l out the greatent part of the ibip. •
lading, he. with difliculty. got .afe to Rhjxlci, a
ulace which had been grievously haratiedjn the
w.r with CtiHsiu?. He wai there rtceived by
hii frieod*. I'lolemv and Sanpiniyi; and. ai-
thouirh he «a« then m want of money, he fitted
un B three-decked iihip of very great majtmtude,
wherein he and bii friend* >aited to Brundu-
•iuro.» and went thence to Rome with all upced ;
where he fir.t of all went to Antony, pn account
of the friendnhip hi» father had with him, and
laid before him the calamities of himsclt and hit
family, and ihat he had left hi t near et t retati o nt
■/,
rill <»- riii-oiit gi'iiitiy movcii me teiiai.-. m ^
ivhiufi iunctitre Anioiiy lame in, and to d trieiu,
IWU it wilt fur Iheir aiUiiiilafie m Ihe l*»rlhi»n
J(,»r thi.t lli^d .Jhould be kiiigi.iio ihoy all naif
''^ their voti« for it. Ami when the t.imfewat »•
panili d. Antony mill C;n»ar went out, with H»
rod between iheiHi vrtiil" O'* cyiHul andtliert.t
of the magitlrateji w«mt beforeolbefli itt order to
oiler incriftiet. and lo lay th*- deche in the. <»
nttui: Antony also made a fea«t>A>r« llerOd on tht
lirtt day of hit reign.
CHAP. XV. ' . ii- /
Antigonu* bt$itiff thoie ikqt wrt in.Maivh
whom Htrodf run from Vonfintmutl, whtnh,
comti hack from Home^ndprtiently marchah
JtrimUm. «/lere ht Jindi Silo cotrufUd h
Urihei.
5 I Now during thin time Antigonu* beiieetl
thine that were iiiMusudu. who hiiij all olliet
iw-cetjarie* in nullicienl iiUHnlily.^^U vfett>it
want of water; on which account Joiepb, llis
rod't brother, wat di»poted to run away t^ tht
Arabian*, with IWo linndred of bit own fneiiih .
because h«hi»il beard ihftt Malichut repenti'ii <U
hit offeheet. with regani lo llerod.; and be had
been to quick us to have beefl gone out uf the
fortiets already, unless on that verynight wh«n
he was going away, there h*d fallen a great ileal
of rain, insomuch that his teservoint were lull qI
water, ami to be wat under no nec*»tily ol run-
ning away. After which, therifore, they nirfic
an irruption uiroii Antigouus't party, artd slew s
great many of them, tome in open Rattles, aim
tome in private anibjnh ; nor had tlie<r-alwayt tuf ■
cets in their Btteinpts. for lonietimei t^ey w«r«
beaten and ran ayray. . ,. . j,
2. In the nieah lime Ventidiut, the Roman (je-
ncral, wat tent out of Syria, to retlrain the in-
cursions of the I'artbiani, and after he hud dune
that, be caiiie into Judea, in pretence indeed lo
istltt Jotijpb and hi. partv, but in reality to get
money (^ Antigonui: and when he had nilclifH
his camp very near to Jerusalem, as socn as h*
had girt money enough, he went away, with tti.
greattst part of his forces; yet .till did he leave
Silft^^with aome part of them. Jest il he had IfRen
tbtm al l a way .
tiit taltiog of bribes might have
bWi too openly disdovered^ Now Aiiligonui
"hoped that the Parthians would ronie again 19
hit' attiatance, and therefore cultivated a gojo
undcrstandiBg with Silo in the mean tmle, le«
wi> intermjUoa thould be jiven t abi»hp p««
beiieged in a fortress, and had tailed to him
• ThitBrenifsiuni.or Brunduslum, hatcolnttllll pre-
. Krvcd,onwliifliltwriU«n WENAHSIU**, «• 8(l»n
feiriigf hero Infermtn^ -^— - ; ^ — /
,x
licn^on lu %im dtf
n iHHilc in Hrroil'*
i» chIIiiik til iniml
|rriiU'<l lij Anlipf
iroimt of lliniiri
il (u Kr( liiiu MiHiU
111 liiiii«-IT fiwiiH rlj /
nlto Ihiit hf hMl yy
to nrrat rrRinl V
ii|)iin AiiliK'>tt1>"<*
III* III thr ItmiiiiK,
il hiiii lirlter |iHi''<
rriillj v^ ri<'»li III.
^ith</ with bU l>'
lit Jrtt ^in\ in«l wiih
I *ill ti*' hail iliiinn
I'h h« nHnr iu lUfmi
itn tnRclhir, whtri •
ilrattnut, ih-imIucmI
irn a full nccminl nl
liiaowi/gnoU'Willli] .
lint they cltiinoiintni- i
■tV t'Di'iiiy. not oiiljr
with thwiii, lint bc^
II ^lliiiiiaiii, anil (ixiL
»"»( M>*) i'arlhiiiiK.
vcd lh» »oniiti-; iil
If in. anit tulil tru'iii,
iif;ii in thti l>»rlhi«n
nK;.»o thBy nil n»if
en the it'iiiift wui M-
wrnt out, w)th'H»-
a cyiHul and: thr ftit
ireothcAi in nrtlir In
M (IcChe (a the. rt-
i:aiit^f«Her<Hlontte
tV. ■ . ft- / ■
\qt were ih'^MaiiiHn
Vdnjinemt/il, iehf'nhi
Jpriienllymarcliisln
di Sito corrufttd hy
e Aiitiganu* beiiige'l
II, who hiiiil all otiiei
UHiility. Ifxll v/eit m
uccouut- Jo«*l>l'. "*-
il to run *wiy t^ ihr
[| 'of liii own frimiU -
Malivliu* f€|«nti'il "I
I llefucl.; and hi! had
IfrJt ijiihe out uf tlie
tliat \t!ry night whtn
i*d taUrii a great iltal
rem-rviiint were lull ol
LT no nec*»«ily of run-
therefore, they inrfle
us'* party, ariif ilew i>
B in open jiatllfs, miil
ir had thej^alwayi »uf •
•oDietiiuei t^ey wtrc
ntidiui, the Ionian ge-
•ia, to reatrain the lit-
aod after he hud dune
in pretence indeed to
IT, but mrealltjt l" get
when he had |)itch«d
uialcni, as >orn a« lit
e went away with lli«
; yet itilldld he leave
m, lent if he had tirtiin
of bribe* might have
BOOK r.-CMAP. XVf.
4517
J. Wow by^thli timelteriMl had mII«'I omI of
ittfy.Aiid WM ciiniv til CtiileiiiHit; tnil a* aoun
M li<i%ul Kulirn ioK* ihcr im miwII iirmy of fu.
r^giirfi, (iiiil of hit own ciiuiilryiiMin, h<> uiarih-
ed lliitHfKh (iultlrr axaiiut, Aiili|(iMiu*, wherein
h« war'*>*i>t*d by Veitliiliii* uinl Silu, linth whom
Uelliui,* a |irr<im >»nl liy Aittmi). prr«uailr<l lo
f ll.ruil l^inliihla)iiii|(iluHi.J Now Vtiilliliui
III Ihit time ^nii>ii|t llir i itir», iind roni|MiitnK
•/.
ercd^ Now Aiitigonui
t woulil roine again 19
fore cultivateil a go'jo
in the mean time, leit
e given to bi» hop**
liie iliiliirbaate* wliii'li hiid lin|i|i»iii<il by iiieau*
fif the rarthinn*. n> w/i« Silu in Jiidun cnrruplid
Jiy the brilira that AnliKonua had nkven binii yel
Wu* mil llanid hiiii«'ll i|> liUliite uf power, but
the numliar iil hi< liifin iiii'riiiard every day »«
h« wt'itt i(liin|t. iiiid All 0»l<lri', wilh lew *tetff
lian«i julfneil Iht iiiti Kr« to him. Su he pri>|M>M'd
to llliiftill 1)1 let uliiMil hia iiiont nriewary enter-
Iiriie,'aiid lliut wilt Muinila, in iinlir ti> deliver
li* reliiliuiu fiuiii the »ieK« lliey endured. Hiit
•tilt Jiiiiua •tuod ill bit way, and hindered lilt
fjiiiuiClhilher; fiMT it wia nereatary to take thut
city^ dral, whirh^a* In ^le enemira' haiida, thiit
wbi'U he <luinld (fo to Jeriimleiil, nn fortre<a
lil%hl be lelt in the eniiiiU a' (HivH'r behind liiiii.
^<il.> iiliii wlllin)(ly joinril biiii. aa having now a
)ilan<ihl<iocca.i|ijn of drawing oil hia forri»ri>iHn
'eruaaleiuil and when the Jawa |mraunl bun
und preated u|kmi hiiu [in Hla relreat,y Herod
■n»de an eicuraiiin upon Ihein wilh a aiiiult body
of Jiia men, and aOon put Ihein to lli)ibt, and aii-
ved Silu when be wii» tfiiliatreM. .
4. vVfterlhit Herod took Joiipa, and then uiade,
liaatR III Ma^nda, lu frethia relHl'runa. NnWaahe
waaiii«ri:liiiii(, niaiiyciinie inlobini; finM' iiiilu<'i'4
by llialr frieiiiUhip In bia fiithci^, aiimv by the re-
i)utaliiMi he had »lrenily i^aiiied hilnielf, and aoiiii'
n order to repay the beni I'lti Ihey liad received
from llioRi Jiolh ; but >(llt what euKUK* d the Kreiit-
eat number oil hia aide, wwi tlii^ uoihh from liiiii,
when he aboiilil ho ealabli^liid in bin kingdom:
•It that he had gaiim |ii;;etlii'r ulremly nil army
btrtl to hi f'oni|«fr.red. Hut Aiili)(<inua laid an
an^th for biin at he miirrlied iiiil, in which lie
did little ur no harm to hi* eneiniii'.' However,
h« caiily recovered hia relaliont aiain lliiit were
In Maaada, aa wilt lia titoii'rlreaa l<e«aiuanit then
marched lo Jeriii>alenii wliere ttie aubliira tlint
Were with Silo jiiijnd thrniaelvei tn hi* own. ««
did many out of* the city, from a dread of hia
power.
6. Now when he had pitrhed hia ramp on the
weal aide of tbti cily, th<' i^iiurila Ihut were there
tliof (heir urrowa, and ihrt'W their ilnrta at them,
while olhera ran Out in cuin|viiiii'ii, and nltacked
thoae in the forefront)- but Heroil eouiinanded
pruclnmation to be made at tbc wall, that "he
way rnme for the gnud of (h* people niul the pre-
f<rraticitt of the cily, witliout any (U-.ign to bo
rtvenged on hia open eneiiiiea, but to gTant ob-
livion to thein, ftioii;;h they had been the miMt
obilinale iiguinat him.'' Now thv nutdiera that
wtre for Aiiligonui made ii (■Dntinry clamor,
and dill neither pefitiit any biiily to' hear that
prDclanintioh, nor to change thair party; so An-
ligonui gave order to hia fiiroet In bent the cne-
ni) fronl the walla; accpnliiigly, they aooii threw
their dartt nt them from the tovvera, and jiut
them IB flight.
6» And here it wna that Silo diarovered he had
taken bribea; for he aet many of the aoldiera io
rlalnOr; about their want cif 'mceinariea, and to
require thfir pay, in order to buy thenifelvea
food, and to demand that b|! would lead them into
placca convenient fur their winter qunrtcrt; l>e-
rauae all the pnrta about the cily were laid wtiate
by th« mcana of Aniigonua's n'rni)-, which had
taken nil ihingt awn). Ry lhi« lie moved lh«
aniiy. hikI nlUiuplv.l in gtt them oil the llMti
but Herod wi nl i<i the captaiHa that war* unMr
Hilo, and In ii great many of the aidiliara, aaii
li«|Med of Ibeni not lo liuie hiiii who waa aenl
hilfn r by fvaiir, ami Anlnni, and ihe amala,
for that lie WiMlId Ink. cure In have Ibeir wiinU
tupplied Ihdt very ilny. Alter the iiiakiug uf
wliirh entreaty, he Wi nl haalily Into itui eouiHrjr,
ami bniiiglit.||iilher an great iiuab^iiilanie of Mi-
Maaariea, ihat he iiil nil all Mdn'a preleiuta;
awl >n oriler lo prnvidi that lor Ihe I'ollnwinff
il*|f the V ahiiuld mil wiint aii|ipliea, he aent lu
iba |>e«pb' IImI were nlmul Muinnria, (mbii'lt eily
IimI joined ilaeil In him,) |o brinjc corn, and wine,
atul oil, ami Callle In Jvriibo. VVIien AnllgiMiua
heani of tliia, he aenl a inie of hia part) with
onlera to binder, and lay ainbuahea for thi m' ciiI-
lectnra of corn, i'bi* eiiinmand h»> obey id, and
a great niiilliliidii of iiriind men were nathi;mil
liigelber abiiiit Jeria^hn, unil liiy upon the muui)-
taiiia to wati'li ihiiae Ibul limugnf lh» pnivKiilua.
Vet wni tteTiid nnt idle, hiil ryik with him ten
cohoria, live of* Ihi in were Knimina, and live
Jewtah cnhorla, l»Kithfr wilh ■nine iiierienary
Irnopa inlermiteil amniig Iheni, ami Iwudi a IhOa*
li few horaemen, and iHiiie lo Jericii<'and when
he canie he funml Ihe cily dikiilid, biltjhat
there were five liuildrnl men, wilti their wivea
uiut children, wlm bad taken poaae'.sinn of the
topa. of lb.' mountain*; thiae be Innkand dia-
miaaeil I'eni, wliile Ihe Knniana Ult upnn the
r< at of till' cily, and plundered it, Inivini; found
Ibii biiiiata fnlLof all anrttof gonil lliiiit;>. . So the
kinK Ivft n giirriion ut Jerirno, and<.riime lj.»'k
and »ent the Unman itrtiiy into ihiiae eiliea which
Were Come iiver to him, to lake their wiilter
qunrlerf there, «u, iii Jn/lia, [or lililmui,] and
liiililee, and Samaria, .\ntignniu alan by bribea
obtaini'd of ,Si|.i In lit a part of hia army be re^
ctived at liyddii, at a < nuipliiuiiit to Aulouiui. .
CHAI'. XVI.
Utrqd lnk(BSfppkori»; and luhiliita Ihe Hohlirri
Hull leew^tt Ihr Carts; he a/ler ihat arfnifti
himaitf upftn ,l)larhiras, aa upon an ennitif t]f
/lit, >)»(/ gutt lo .'liklony a« Ac wat beeiegini;
Samotala.
{ t. Si) lh«-TUmiana lived in plenty of' nit,
lbin;i;a, and reati'<l I'roiu war. Ilowi vie. Heron
did not lie nt ri at, but aeiied iipnn Irliiiiii a, and
ke|it It, with two tliiiiiKand tnotmen and four iHin-
dreil hortenieri'; nnd tbia he did by aendjiig bia
brother Joaeph thither, that no iniioviitiou mixbt
be made by AntiKoniw. He »l"i> rcmrived hia
mother, and ntl !iia relaliona who had been in
^Inaaila, lo .Samaria; rtnil When be bail M'tljtd
them lecurely, lio marched ta take the r> iiiain-
ing parta of (iiililee, and to drive utva.y tbii gnr-
riaona placed there liy A nlii(onna.
i. But when llirod had readied Sepphnrii^f
in a very great uiow, be to'nk Ihe ciiv without
liny dlmculty, Ihe gnnril'i,:lli»( a|iriuldlinv« kept
it, tlying away bef.ire it waa aainiiltrd; where
he gave an opjiortunity In hia fi>HnWeri that had
been in diatrest to refresh themaelvea, there
being in thateilv n great alrnnilance of hccea'n-
4di:«. After which he bHstetl nway to the rnh-
lierrthHtwcre in till' cii\e>i, \vlio oVerrnn tt great
part of ttjfe~«uuntrr, and did aa great iiiiacli'ie/ to
ila inbnliitant^ St^V war itself coutd have done.
Accordingly, he aent beforehand three cohorts
of footmen iiiiil one troop of horaemen to the-
villagn Arbetn, nnd i'iitiu; hiiiiaelf forty days
" ■ is forc'ei. Yet wer«!
*Thianell|iM ia famouii, or mllier Infanimia, In Ihe
hMorynfMnrk Antony, aaHpnnhelm and Aldrich here
afterwardi wilh the real of his
1 This way of apenklne, after /nr(j)rfni(», |a Interpre.
led by JiMephiia binnelf on Ihrfvrlirlh ilitii; Anilq. II,
Vr
/
nwe, ffUHi ilievot i mift ' luln r rliaiHl IMii. I ilv.e l i. yv.in'r i .4.ln like i naiine r . when JiiM»'|i l i i H«iiya.
t 'I'hiii Mpiilioria, Die nietropoHa of OaKli^e, so often j eir. xisili. aecl.f.tlnil llerml lived a/ri^r be In d orilereil
mcnlioned by JiiKcplnia, lina riiina atill rcinainlng, Anlipnier IoIh' alain/rr i/uic. tliiHMliy liiinaelliiilei'
£Ui4>t:rHK::>N',aal<paiib(iiul,ctc informs ua. ■ pralcd..\nll |. U.ivii.ch.viii.aerl. Mtan't licdieduntAtfL _
- - 4--
*
•;**?
'.»•.
♦
■#■
•«5
498
wab« or TiiK mw^.
not lh» »n«trty ■iii'll"' •• «•>*» •••'«'"•'• '"•* ""•
hitu in iiriMt. fiir iSllr.kiH «ii. n..l llinl or «»»r^l-
o,.,lmttli«irl).l<l<»«»«w"«"hrl«.tl.lii»M«fruti*»*"<
wh«n, tlivrvl'irr. •( ■'»<■>• *■> *|i»uii<><l hailli', «>><^y
|iul
cn»i
(rimi
KM*
lo
ht
.. IIikIiI lUriid'a lill wIhk wilh thtir rigl
b<il lIcMil, whiH'luiK •Ihiiil (in llif •(i<l<|»
Ul
til ihcir (•••itl-
ffi»r» • ii»n '»* hi« »'mf. •• '"•''5 •• '•* •M'ltM
iulA<i«al lu liritrnl mi* *«<li«liiit. (mt liMttc I'lo-
l#m) lh»tr (ft nrriil, «ml r»tiirn«« In NanMri*; ht
Iril alwi wilh hiiii Itirrv lhiMi«iM>l *rnirit( m»t,
•ml lit liMitilrtil linrunMii. «((»iii«t Aiili)i"ii««
N.I
lliii«« lliiit ii<r<l liimiM' tuiniitlaini)*
own riKliI wiiiK, rami'
•ml iHith mail" I »n iJ.,ln»ln(i; rriurn
bark Inim i(« tliKlit. •mt fi tlu^uii.th" Ji'if*"'"".
«nrl cu.ilii.l thrir roiirage. till tiny tuiiM not hmr
Ihr WlrmiiU Ihat wcrr mailr il)»ri ll> «|'ii* th" m.
■ml an lurn«il liar.k ami ran away.
3. Mm ll«r.iil f»llnw»illh»iii, ami iU» ihtKi iw
tin fiill.nwil Ihiiii, iiml <l««lrii»iMl a jMBt |i«rt of
ihtm, lilMlii.X! llial r. m»iiiri.f wrr* •raltrti'l u*;
ypgil Ihti rtv*'' IJiirilan,] ami (ialiJM' wM U'l'U
Jrom tha l»rnirt lh«) k»<l lin » ihkI". nrrptViiir
fruni t((M»» thai r<<iili|l*<l. ami luv runrralwl IM
ravt«. wtlii li rriiiilrfaloiiK'r liiii«. in- lliry roulil
l»r ritmiiHrril. In nnli r In wliH li, IIitimI, in thfj
Am iiluu^, aultUiut£il Ihc bmi* uf lll*if ■"'■"•'^
Uliur* li> llm lolillfrf, ami «»»<• r^ftt «»»' <>l
thrum homlrril oml (IClj ilrarhiiin' »( »il>rr. aiiil
■ jraal duil nmr* In tti'ir CMOimamlrM, and
thtin ililii llifirwinlur iiunrlnrt. !(•' »lt'>
hi* yiiun|^r<l lirnlhcr I'hfriirHa, lo takr
Kiiutl miirlicl lor llifm. i»liiir«< •'■— "
•In
I )|U ilr
|>urlHrt.
f,ll uiniKriMlU iiiMin ri.ilnnj, lli« ri m ml ..I
lil» Inri-ri, and •!*« 1iIm» liny hU" l»"l I'l* ">«»•
IrT »»a.le,«n«l thru rilir.il In U"' ^<%: »»<i •"
iifac*« nut «a«ill Ki \)* f.iuH'l. Mm! when ilrriBi
wan infnii««'"l "J llii» in«iirr»fHon. |i« rani" In Ihi'
MiKianro ii( iht . ..iii.lry imiHiillul»ly. »«<l il"
•Irmril «! triat nnmlnr u( llir irililiniu, aiDl
raiiril Ilia «lr|»« nl all I^im> fnHr«»H» I'k) Ii*'
hrtii'K'il. b" »!"' <i\n('W<l IM •"•"il* <" » h'ln-
ilriMl lnliiiU uf ••" < ""xK'*. ••■'I I" l"«lly f" 111'
nmlaliiHu IhM liail Mi»«l< i" Ih" «"iii>lry'
<i II. <i.i- ^'....^ iL* iiit»thiaii« liMiiiiff alrt'oily
■•'111
III II
Il li»
10 takr ap of f
Ihry IIIHI but'
lilil a unn nhnill
llienK*!*" |irnvi»inii«, ami lo Im
Alaiiinilriuiii, wlin look cure of Imlli IhoMi if\-
junclinni ai'i'iirilln^ly. -
■I. Ill llir iii.iinltimi Aninny ahinlf at Allwiw,
Whilr ViiiilHliii'rnllctl fnrNiln nilil ll»rml In riinir
to thii HOT BKLiiiKI lli«) r»rthiani. Inil nnUrid
ih^nfllrillniKllU' ibniirnirauf Jiitlin; nn Ihfiil
wilUii|(ly <liiiiii"«il Silo I'lK" '" ^'■'"iil Imini'
niadu HO i\|M'ilili'iii himtrif uKiiinnl lUn**' lliiil
H. Ily llii> iifuo III* I'arthlan* ^l^lnf
rivin milnf llinouNlry.aml l'aenrM»«lH
uin, \ III'
Ixliua, liy Anioiiy'" fmiiinaml, »• HI » llinii"iiHr
(lafWinra ami Iw. I. Kt.nu. M niiirtian" m H»jv
r.Kl,aK«iii»l Anlinnnu*. ^nw AtUMpouiur.iniKlrl
Mailnra., wlm wai lli. ir urti'Wil, by MIt., u.
conn- In lii» ainitlanrr, ami niaiU a (!•;»"' ""'")
mnurilfMl nmiplBinU 4liom Urroil'* vioknn , nii'l
hI^I Ihr injiirii-* h* iliil to lh« kliiK'Inm; iiii'l
pMill.f.l lnKi»«- lilmW'imy fnr «i(ili iil« ""i"
Hiirej liiit 11* fnniiilnil o"i wllh liit invilulino \<i
lii'lniy hit Iruil, Inr In' tlnl not mnlvmn him
Ihiil (fill him. M|iniitlly whilo llit-nil RKVi liini
ninri' mnn«y [than Ih.' i.llii-r««l*rril. I >*n In pr.
trillUil Iriiml.liiii In Aiili«(ltlH«. h'H •i'""' "• »
.h,„,nr.. in ..:ia;7H^*- of 7j;a.;. >n ...rnd fjw;,- .|i-- i^^nc^:^;::^:,:!^! c
Iroin ... linliix- l'"« Alrtifimu* |iirni«*<l JvIikI
lay In III* luw*. Niiw Ihrm cn*r« were in lh«
■ ureciiiiciiK nf iTHRifV iBoniitnin», omi cnnlil not In-
'ci»ni* at Irnm any iiil«. •iiiili' ihry liiiJ miK »nm<'
wimliiiR piitliwii}!. viTy narrow, liy wlil<'ii Hm,*
Ijot 111! In lliiin: but Ihi' Mck thai liiv on tin ir
fronl iinil liniaainil »all«>»of n vii«l iNjilh, ami
of an aliiin.l |)erp<mlic:ul«r <lirli\it)i iii»oinui'h
thai llnr liinK «>'• <tnubll'iil for n Innn tiniK wlwt
" to lio, by ri'imon of B kind of iiii|>o.ajliilll,v Ihcri'
Wuaof alUcklnglhc plare. Yrl lii'l li' »l UiiKlb
iiiakr! UK' of ii rnnuivanre thrit wan lubjii't In
th« uliiioil hiuanl; for li« let ilnwn lliu nmiit
harilv of hU min in chuU, ami let lh«m at Om
inoiiiln of Ihf lUin. ^ow thi'«r imn aliw ihc
rolibi'm ami Ihi ir fiirtiihri, nml wlirii ihiy niii'li-
rrai'lniir*'' l'"'* "'"' •'"■"■ "* "I"'" l'" '"•(»"'' burnt
them;] ami »i'H*ro(l wu" th »iroui( of mvlii'? «nim'
of thini, hf hnil jirnilBiimlioii Jiiadr, ihiil liny
nhoulil coiHP and- iblivtr lhrro«flv€« nii lo him;
'■ but not one of tliim tnmo willingly lo him, Hud
of thoarthnl wcro itompillid In innli-, many pri-
hl« InUiiliiti* win hi fnr«l»«inl. Bint < si'lmbd liim
oHl uf III.' I fly, Hlid di 11 n.fa'd biliiMir Uj;iiin«l him.
a> BKAinil an t'iK'iiiy from ihr wbIU; IiIIMbiIii-
rna hii« B«hani»'il of what he hud done, uiiil n-
lireil In Knmiaui In llirnd; and. m he win in u
rnxe »t hit dimppninliiienl, he tlrt* all Ihi' Ji^««
whom he met with, wilhonl •pnrihr Ihom lli»l
were for llerod, but utiiiK lliim all »• il ihi)
were for AnliKoli""'
7, »i<rtupon llerod t*»« very aniry ftt him
nnd win Rniii'^ In IIKht B|{Bih»t M«clitra« at hi>
eiirmv; but lie rvulrained hi« iiidigimtion, and
iiuirefied lo Antony to ncru«e Mncheraa of ni»l'
adiKini^lrnlinn. ilut Mai>herii» wn. made neiiM
hie of hit olltnirei, and fnllnwid Bller the kin;-
im liiilely, ami euriieallv beitged and obliiiinrii:
; Ihiit he wnuhl lie recniii'iled In liim. Ilnwevrr,
llerod fliti l)nt de»i»l from hi» ri-»oluliouof piiilK
I III Anlohy, but when he heard thiil he Wa« lj«-
tieniiiB Samo««tn» wilh k ((real »riiiy, wlueh i) a
•Ironj; lilv near to Kuphmlen. he ninilo the ({ri at-
z;^^^ .;;;p.i;iVr-A.; he;; B^Muijou ".H;:^r;>!. "';^:3!:;^'±"^:' ■=':i
nian, the father of »even children, wlin»« ihil-
ilrcn, tOKilher with their mother, <le«irtil him to
»iv« ihnii leiive to Ro oul, upon the n'tHurailCD
■nd riKhl hBiid IhBt wai olVered them, dew them
after llie following manlier: he ordered every
Oil* of them lo (fo oul, while he tlooil hiiii«elf nl
th«> rnve'a nioulh. luid *lew that ion of hi» per-
petually who went out. Merod wni nenrenough
to »ee thi» »ii;hl, and hi» boweUof com|ma>ron
Wiirc moved at il, Biid hn mretciied nut hit ri^ht
hand lo the old man, nii'd be«rtOj;ht him to tparc
hi» children; yet did he not nltinl at nil upon
what he «aiil, but over nnd above reproaclied
Herod on the l<iwiie«i of hi» de»cent; und tlew
hi» wife at well aa hia chihlrinvand when he
had thrown thtir dead hoilie* down the preci-
pice, he at l»»t threw himself dnwp after them.
5. Hy thia meana Herod auhdiied these ciivea,
And the robbera that were in them. He then left
porliinity fnr aliOwili|C »' "'"'*' hia cnuraKe, null
for doinir whBl would (jreally obliKc Antony, lii'
deed, wTien he CBine, ho anOn made an em! oi
that aiege, and alew a great number of the bat-
bariana, and took from the|ii n laiuo prey; iiw
much that Antonv, who adinired hia roursKr
formerly, did now" admire It tlill more. Aii »n.-
ibRly, he heaped many morehonori uiwin him
and gave him more »«turcd ho"pe« thai he ah.iul l
(rain hia kingdom: ami, now king Antiochua m,)
forced to deliver up Samoaata.
' CHAP, xvn,
Tht Death of Joseph, [Hcrod't nrnlhtr,] vhiil>
hail been »i«:ni/ii«' i" Herod in l)ream$, H«v
Herod \ta$ preserved twirt, after a wondtr-
ful Manner. He nils off tht Head of I'af
pus, vohovias the Murderer of his Brother, aii\i
well known from lla enina, a« Hpanhclm here naaiuw
ua. Ileaii Aldrirli alim fonllrnia wliiil Joaepliua litre
noiea thai Heroil wB«B«rent meain of Inking the cily
by Aiilon}'. aiid lliat from riutarcli nnd llio.
tflkilKV'fltrvaril. Hoalao What i* In llila hook. r hap.
jilll.aefl. 1, «/'«!■ '«•»'"«'•». I»> Aniii). II. Jiv. rh. xill.
■ert. :i, oa »*« »<ceii<l near. Anil Ileiin Alilrirh hero
notcalbal thiaway of apeakini in Caniiliur in Jo^ephua.
• i'hU Uamouta, the metropolla of rmnniugeiia, la
y
,^
« *^-niAf. xvif.
n«njr M h* IMhiM
tin. •nit iMttc IW *
ivil III H*nn*iiii Im
iMil ilriiir>r (•nilnmti
nifiiiiiti i\Mii|('iiim.
ritiM' luiniill<iMUt>
u)hiii hu ilriiiiriiirt,
iiiv, lh« HI III ml «(
' llltll lulll III* loUII-
II lliii tii>K<. •ml I"
Hm( wlirn lUriKt
Hull, |i« <'*inv I'llko
IIHlUlult'l)', •lltl lie-
lilt' •rilillnil', mill
furirmw* lli< } liihl
ni •riliiil* iif » hiin-
••H |H iMlly ('It llir
ihii toiiiiiry.
hiRii* lii|iii|( •Inniljr
III, tiiit « lliiiiMiiiiif
)( niitrtmnr* In H»^ ;
AiilHtunu* br'iiMKlHl
rlii'nil, by Ifllir*. (h
iiiHilc n |(r**( iiiiin>
UtoiI'* vifil'nri',»iMl
> ihii kiiiK'l"iiii ux'l
fur nifcli III* nmitl'
vllh bit Inviluliiiwlu
I nut riiiiloiiiii hini
lilln IIiyikI d;»vi' hini
olli'rcil.J iSu In- P"-
Mill, bill ('null' M II
•UIiiiiikIi Iiv iIkI i>'»
, ivlio lIlMHIIlll'll Iniii
niiii* |ii'r>'ii><«l ivIiKi
ml, mill t'Xi'liiiliil hull
I hliiix'iruKiiiii')! Iiiiii
ic wull'; nil MikIii
lie Imil (liiliv. uikI n
•nil. Hi III- »n> lull
he ilritr »\\ (III' J<'K>
il •iinrinK, tlioiii' tl>i»
till III ullitt if llii'i
« vi-ry •nirjr M hlui
nihxt MacTiL'rnii n* lii»
Ilia imliKiiotioni «■■>'
j«n MnclioTH nf iiinl'
iriin will iiinili' ariiM
Ijiini'll nllvr llii' kin:
l)«l(K<'<l n>i<l xljtiiiiK''
'it III liiiii. lliHVivfr.
III rfiululii)i|iir|iriiiM|(
inril tlml ln' Wa« Ijt
rial army I wlut-li it »
I'll, lii> iiinilollii'Knnl-
ihii wm ■ jmipi r ci|i-
inCo Ilia cniiniK<'< "'"^
1y ulili!;c Aniuiiy. In-
Mion iiinile nn iiiil M
■nt iiuiiibiT of till' Iwt'
I'lii n lai'uo prey ; •iiv"-
mliiurt'iT hi» roumKi
I tlill more. Aci iiri.-
ore honor* U|u>n Urn
I hnJK't thai hf rhiul i-
IV king Aiitiochut nt)
laltt.
ICVII.
■roil'l UrolUtr,'] vhicli
roil in flreami, Hnv
met, nfltr a woniltr-
nff Iht Html of I'np-
rtritfhii liro(l\tr,a*\i
HnJi Ihtl lh»Jf*[Kii<n»n Hfthfr\Phir*rmi. i »llq«l<l tiw*)ir iVnt UiiIm nw that b* »••
■Mrrif* jt/aHaiMH*.
•NiN« I)'! •» iliti HKjrniiM, Ml fi>rw*r>l witli
wliin iilHiirf aia lliiiH*an<l nf t|i« inviniiM
irti
a Ppanhclm hpre oMiirc?
Irmawliiil Joaepliiia litre
t mriinaiir Inking the cilv
llBCCli And l)io.
I I. N lk« ui*«a liMi*, Mi'r<i>r» affmr* lit Jit-
•••• wm In ail ill alafr. Ili' hini Itfl hM llrlll^•r
Jiiir|ih wilb full \fO¥irt, IhiI hmt ftmnrif blm (■•
iiiakv iiq allfnipla aninal Anlitfuiiw* Inl In* fa-
liirn; Cur iHal Marktraa wiiiiliT nnl li* aii<'b an
Ka<l>t»iil M h« I oul>l ilt^M'iiil im, aa il apiwaml
lijr wlial h* hwil ilimr nln ml).., liiil «< ainiA a*
Jiwih huaril Ihal liia liivilli< r wM Hi a f»r^
HrKiti ili>l«nr*, h« III i;!) 1 1> il lli« rbnrit* hr bail
rti^tkril^anil imirrliiil hiwilMla Jirli Im with Atr
fohiirii, wkleh Mnrliirna aaiil Willi film. Thia
iMnifiiiin) waa Inlfiiiliil fur kUihk <><> l'^* ■'''"■*•
iia II Mriia nut* in III* iiiiiNl ill >,iiiiiiiii r; liiil whrn
hi| I III iiiiia •lliii'kt'il bliii lii Itir iii'iunliiliia, anil
III iiliina itliirh v»tr«' ililKruh l<i liHaa. Ii« w»a
liiilli killiil biiiiarll, at lia waa vfiy bnttrlf Aiibl'
iiiK III lilt' Imlllti, anil tlit> anlin Kmnan robiiria
w#ti ilcilriijj'ili for thiar rnh'^H wrrn nrw
I'lil.tiil inrn. Knlhrri'il vul itt Myrini ami llii'rr
iviia i«> iiilHlurK of lliiiHi ralliil vrlrran anMit-r*
uiiiuiiK Ihfiii, lliHl ini|thl ha«« auppitrlctl Ihuan
inm urtr uiUklll'iil In wiir.
U. Thi* vli'lajry ttii* iihI aiiffiritnl f'>r Anliiju-.
niM,lMil br |irii<-i'i'ittil III Ihal il<Kri't< of ruKC na
'in In Hi Ibr iliui.l lioily of Joatpb biirliiiniualy |
l',ir It III n hr hiiil irullri. ptraaiaaliin uf lilt' l^iiiira
lif Ihiiar Ihal wvri? aliilu, lit- ml oil hit hiHili »l-
ih'iiiKli hl» liriilliir riiiroriia w<ihI>I Ioiik k'*'"
(illy lulrnli aa a prli'f of ri'ili'iii|irion f'lr II. Ami
now Ibi' Hlfnir* of (ialilir ivrri' |iiil ill •iii'li ill*^
iinlrr aflir ihia vir|orv ol AnllKDiiiia, IhnI lliiita-
of AnliKWiiia'a parlv 1iriiM||lil liii' pria('i|i<il iiif n
Ihni wrrn on llrrmra aiile In ibi' liikr, niiil Ihi rr
ilrowiK'tl lh('iil_t 'I'hi ri' Hn'a ii kI'MiI ihiuliri-oiiult'
al*i III liluiiira, nlii rt Mmlirrfia wii« Imililini; it
tvnil iihout oni' of lilt' forlri-iara, wliicli ivii«('h1|.
(il (iillli*. Km Iti'roil hail iint yit hum iiifnrin-
ftl of ihrif llilnfTi; for afli'r lb*'lnkiii|( ul Kaniu-
tain, anil whin Antony hiiil tvl jSiwIn* ov>r ibt'
•Hair* of Sjria, iiml idurn hliii iirtUra lo inaial
. Ilttroil mciiinal Aulf|;-»iU''i Ik tli'pnrlnl uiln
Knypl: lull Soaliia ai'nt Iwo li|trnna lu'lurr biin
iiilii Juil^a III Haahil lliriul, iinil fiilJoM't-d lilniivlf
toon af|cr with llir rr»l uf hit iiniiy.
3. N',0«r whrn lli'rQil waa al Ituphnr, by A'nli-
nch, hi- hail aonir ilri-nnia whii'h rli'niti l<>i!<'lii>-
ilfil hn brolhi'r'a lUiiili, ami a* hr li-ii|il ubt iif°
hii h«H in a ilialurlii'il ninimi r, lllvrr niiiir Mif.a-
trn)(i-rt lb»t ariinulnlril him wm Ihiil t-iilanHly .
So when lir hull InnMnli^il Ibia inisl^irliinii fnr'a
whilr, hr put olf Ihc niiiin part of hU imiiinlliiK,
anil iiinilc hiialc lu iiinrrb neaiiHit hia iiiriiiirai
mill ivlirn hi' hml prrforilKir it ninri'li lliiil wiia
■hiirr hi* (In iiKlh, niiil nat Koiic a* fiir ua l.iliii-
nu», hr Kol him (IkIiI bumlrril liirn ul' Ihoar llint
llvttl mnr In Ibiil niouuliilii, iih hia hanlaliulla,.
anil iuinrilivilh thrill on« Kuiiimi ll^illn,. ivilb
whirji, lirfori' it waa ilnv. hi .iiirulr 911 iiriiplioii
iiltu tinlili'i', iiml iiirl )iia rptiV'iiili's, iiliil ilrovr
Ihriii bulk lo Ihi' pliirr wHUU /hi) liml lilt. II)'
ntaii ninilr nn iuipiiiliRla ami runlimiul tilliirk
u|i<m the forlrwta.' Vil nna hn I'ori'eil by a iii^at
lirrllitr atoriit lu \iHi\i bit rnmp in tlii' nriicb-
liiirinp; villH|;('a, bifurii' hr conil lake it: but
whrn, nflrrji frw llnya' linir, Ibr arroriil Ir^ion,
thnt vnnir tVuiii Aniuiiy, Jointiil ;iliriiiiclv<:a. Iu„
him, Ibr riuniy wrrr all'ri|;hlcil nt hit nower,
anil left tlirir furtiru'iillnii'i in Ihr niKhMi^i^.
'I. Aftrr ihia hr iiiiirrliril ibrouKn Jrrtfho. a»
liinkinK wbal linttr hi' toiild t'> \>t nvi-Jjtrlf tin
hit bnilhrr'a luunlcrert; whrrc bapprnnl lo him
a proviilriilliil jinn, out of wbirb, whrn hr hail
um'X)M'('lrillv I'si'iipi'il, lii^ ba'l tbv rrpntatiiin of
hriiin yrryilrnr 111 (toil; llir Ih.il rvrning therr
Iraalr^l with liiiii iminy ul the priiii'ipHl iiirii, anil
ifur lliat ftiKl \iu4 ovrr, ami nil ibr friimla wrrr
5onr oiil, llir boiii-r fill iluwn iiiimeiliiitily.
lUil aa hr jml-jril Ihia to br a (*omiiion tii'iml nf
what daogtri hu a<ioul(l un(Jrr!;u, aiiU bu.v bti
6fi
ralH» rnnnlKK il?lwn fnini lb» Miuunuina. ami h«>
ipin lo *||bi with ihoar in kit forilVoni ,;«i ilurtl
thif mil itr M i<r) iHihl m> lu i»|afc« Ihr ((••
m*M hanil lo baml, bitl llirtw tiontt ■iht-iiarlf
al ikvHi •( a itlaUiii't'i by wbkH WiNMa ikajf
WimNilril •VunaMlrnililr I'mlnbari MijChirb •(•
linn llrrutla vVhii aiilr waa VtimmUil inlb a iluri,
%. !Spm a« Aiiii||ii|'iiH« Iim<( H hiiikI ■'• apiirar to
cii-aai) lUriMl, not ualy in l/km inifritKai, b^ in
Ihc nnmh^f' of hit mm, he trni I'apima, iiila ol
til* I'oliipaniiina, wttlt an army aKuioal ^iAai ria,
whoa) liirluiir II wut lii.iiiiiHitf.M"' h* nR Imi
lUroil iifrrran Ibr intHAia' ruuolry, miil iti ihu
liith«<| A>«i lltllr riliia, anyl iltnlMtnl iwu ihuM-
tanil. mm tlial W«rii in itufm, aniriiurlKif Ihrir
bout**, nnil Ihrw rtlurnili lo bnranip; but bl«
brail. i|UHrlrrll Wgt' al Ibr tiHii||« ralUit (.>«•.
tt. Nuiv H'lirmi mulliniili 111 Jrw* traorlnl I4
htm avrry ility, hnf It mrt 9! irrtrhn, itnrf fhr othtir-
|Hirli uf Iht) rnifiilrv. Mimii' urte lunvnl iSlgi
ilu out of Ihrir balrril li> Ailli^unua, anil toiu
lint of raganl lu Uititlurioua ai'llona iUroal In4
ilnncj but ulbira win' b/d on b) an iiirrratrtHabI*
ilttirv uf I'h'iiilli'i ao hi' Irll U|niii lliem inim«<
ili«l«ly. Afliir rnppiiann^il hia |wrlt,,tbi;y wrr«
iiDI ttrriftati alfllhir Ihrir nuinbriui'ulihririoal,
but tiittr(-hi<l out wilbitrral •larrlly lu fiKhl Ibrm.
nnil^ Il raitir lo 11 1 juao ll|;hl. Noty iiilirr imrU of
IhriiMiriiiy niailr rr-itlaitrr for a whiliai but H«<
rod- tuiHimi! ihr ulmutt hatard uul ol Mtuf ran
hr w;bii in nt |lir ni)jrilt r uf hi* brolbrr, liwi M
uil|fb( br nri'iiKrd On Iboar ibat bad lirt n th«
uulhor* uf II, auoniiral lliutf! thai up^iiiaaiil hrni|
unit, iifli r hr had bi'Uli n lh«m,.hr alwayjt tiirinj
Ilia Ionia UKuinal ibu*!' thai «lu<)il lo II alilt, ao'l
purauiil lilt III illl{ a<> Ibat a trrut alaiiKhtrr Wat
madr, ivliih' aoiiir wrrr liirridbark into that vll<
laifr wilt III I' lliiy iiiiiii' iiiili hf alto ph-aaril bard
upun Ibr blndi^iiM^JJul alrw a vial iiilniber of
llit'in; bi ul>« ir^HlM|r vlllnirr with Ihr jcoa*
niy, whrrr r*iWB&V wna llllril with •rwird
ni«|l, and lb« u^iffFl^Kiiiitt wrri crinvilril ifith
aiiMlira lu^ thrir drR'ui'ri ■'"! -wfit'n h* had
briilrn Iboar Ihal wcir on Ihr uiiltlilr,„li# puUfd
Ihi' hiiuati liiiiitria, nnd piiirkid iiAl Ihuav'thtl
Hcrr «vilhii|^|ioii iminy br had Ihr roult abaka*
iluiyii, wht'^y Ihty |irriib«(l b^ brH|ii, and ai
lor lbo»' that itifd out of Ihr ruint, llir tiildiera
rririiAl ihcni with thrir awortlt iu'^bvirbandt,
nnd tba iniiUiludtj <tt° tbotr tiain, ami lyiiiK M
briip«,wu> au unnt that lhi!<-(Mii|urruriruuliVn(tt
nHaa atitii;; the ruada. Mow t)i« cuf my cuuld not.
Iirur Ihia libiw, an ibiit whrn Ihr niiiltiludr qf
llu-iii tfliii'h wua giilhrri'd li^rlhrr, rnw that
lluxr in Ibr villii^u w-rrti ,t|»in, lliry djtii«.rird
iHeiutt-lvrsmid llril nwiiy i Uf)on tlir rnnliilrnM
uf wliirh yirtiiry, lli ruil had. niiirrb^d iiuniadi'.
alrlylu Ji'ru>»lriii, utili ta br bud liiiii bindcrad
by I'hc deiilh uf wihtrr ['cominfif on.j Tbit i¥a*
llir im|irdiilt4'nt thnl'biy in Ihr way of thia hii
riitirr Kloriout proeriaa, nini vyiia what ItiMdered
Aiiliiruiiiia I'runi bi in;; inm' roni|urri'd, who wit ^
alrrivly inspoard^lH liiraiikr Ihr I'ilJ. * .
7. .rtuw W'b|i|fV7il ^r r\t niiiK llirod had iU
rriiily diaiui'ti'iiiria rni'ml'- In iilrtab Ihemarlvcf
aftrr llirir fiilijcur, Bliil whiti lu' i|ru»Kniir hiin-
ttlf, while hr nai illll but In bia armiir, likr Ik
common aoldirr, lu li:illir biniHrlf, lind hud but
qnr trrvant thnt nl}.! ndi d bub, pnd hrt'orj! he
WHi Kottcn iniirthnMitb.. inr uf the (laieliiii 1 mat
hini inlhrfiirrwilh'u awotil iifbit hand, ami then
a arrond, nnd thru n ijiinl, (iiid nlirr that mora
of tbrm; ihr^e wrre uirn who had run away out
of llir lialllr into till' but It in thrir nriiiur., aod
they bad l.iin llirrr liir tunir liuie in grrattrrroi'.
6 ,
/
i
ey I
iiTl
and ill priviirv; nnd ivhin tbrjr taw the king,
thry Irriiiblr'rfir I'l nr, mid ra^i by hint in a Cri^l|,l,
(nirbuu^h b<' ni 11: nukrd) nnd rndravorrd to get
oirinlu tbi' pulilii! ruuii: now there wna by cbano
uubudyr rUr at hui|d that might itiite upon ibaM
A-
430
WARS OF THE JEWS
men, md » for Herod, he wm contented to hare
Mme to no h»rm himielf. to th.t they .11 |fOt
•TB°t''orth. neit d.y H.,»d h«l P.pp».'i
held cut off, who w.f the peneml for AntlRonui.
•od wat lUIn in the baltre. ""«» ''"Vfo, ih^ r
brother Pheror..itf w.y <•' P'""*''"!T »t luw Jo-
tl«in brother, tor he wai the ">«" I""" f""*^?
«j^h. Now a. win»rfrwa. Roang off, »",'»' '""^LV,
«r In JeruiiiluB?Bnaj)rMlJ5ht lili army to the wall
S^iVltpSfrte tUd Avmce he had been
- rJgat Rome; to lie i-itehed hi. cjmp be-
>rffe tbe timple. tor on that aide it n.ight be be-
<Uged, and tliere it wa. that Pon.pey took the
City. So he parted the work among the army,
and demoliihid the iuburb., and railed three
b«k.. aTu gave order, to have tow*r..bulU upon
tha"bank.. and left the.mort leborlou. of h.«
icr.int.nce at the work.. But ^^ we»t him-
.eirto Samaria, to take the daughter of Ale»
Lnder. the .on of Ar..tobulu.. to w»fc, who had
been betrothed to him^before, " «• have al-
ready .aid; and thu. he accomp i.hed thit. by
Jh, L." unng the .iege of the c ty, for he had
hi. enemy in treat contempt already . .
9. Wh7nhel.dthu.m.rr^edMariam»e.hec.me
backtoJeru..lem. with a g'«»«" "'™>„V ho '"
al.o joined him with a large army, hoth.of hor.e.
men and footmen. whicE he aent be^>* »''"'
through the midland part.. w*ile he--»arched
Sm,e!f along to Ph^nfcia; •"'1 ""'Vre e*^^"
umv wa. Eotten together, which were eleven
"gi'meTt:!? footmeS. and •!? ♦^'""l'lih°;»
mln. be.idei the Syrian •"'''"'"!, *'l^'',^-^!
DO .m.ll part of the army, they P't=he»,.'heir
camo ■near to the n*th wall. Herod. dep«nd-
3wa. upon thb decree of the fcnate, by which
he WMi)0»ye kijig. and So.iu. relied upon An-
lw,7" ho .ent the army that wm, under him to
flerod'. ...i.tance. "" ■ , .
they did not .hpwanywanteitherofpain.-taldnR
or contrivance., a. having re.<.lved to hol.l out to
the very la.l. Indee'H, though they had ...grtat
GHAP.XVin.
o»d what DtathAntigontt$eamUo. AUo, can-
etrning CUofatra'i atarmom Ttmptr.
4 1. Now the multitude of the Jew. that were
in the city were divided into .eyer% faction. : for
the peopfe that crowded about the temple, being
Se WeaLr part of theiif, cave it out, that. a. the
time, were.^he wa. the liappiert and most reli-
S r; who *.uld die ."i^t. But a. to the
Sore bold and hardy men. ihey got together in
Ke.. ahd foil to ribbing other. «»«[ '""X
manner., and the.e particularly plundered the
SacSTThat were about the city, and thirbecau.e
Se,r*«. no food left either for thchor.e.orthe
"en^, yet some of the warlike n.en "ho Were
: u.ed to fight rcgul«rly. were appointed to defend
■ Srcity duringlhe%iige..and these drove tho^e
thatraWd the bank, away from the wall, and
the.e were alway. inventing one engine or an-
Xrto be a hindcrance to the engine, of the
eliewy. nor had they .o much .ucce.. any way a.
in the mine, under gronnd- „ ,„„,
2. Now, a. for the robberie. which were com-
' roitted, the king contrived that arabushe. should
E^Tlaid. that V^ might restrain their e.cur.
•ion.- ami a. for the want of provisions, he pro-
vWed that they should be brought to them from
Treat di.tance»: He was also^too hard for the
Sews, by th* Romans' .kill in the art of war; al-
; S*^hey were bold to the V'!""'* J^i'f^
~ Now they durst not come to a plain battle vith
rhrRoma„,.whichwa.certaindeath,butthrou5h
^ Seir mines under S>?'»»1 |'m"°||'l'iPP^fhe;
. the midst of them on the suddJJT: and befo^ they
could batter down one wall, they built then, an-
nther in it. .tead; arid, tp sum up all at once,
.D army lying round .bout thrm. the;, bore,
"ege offive luonths, till .onie oHIerod . . ho«n
men ventured to get upon the «.«11. and M inlo
the city/a. did ^osiuV. centurion, after tlieiii;
and now thty first of all seiied upon wl'"! ws.
about the teiple. and upon the pouring in of the
.riny, there wa. .Uug\.ter of vast .i.ultitu,l«
every where, by reason of the rage the Run.Mi
Wer« in at the length o* this siege, and by riawn
That the Jew. who were about Herod earii^t y
endeavored that non- of their ad»er«ri«» might
remain; .o they were cut to piece, by great mdl-
"lude. a. they were crowded together m n»rro«
street, and in house., or were running a«|.y to
the temple; nor wa. there, any mercy »ho«n
^ther to^infanti, or to the aged, or to the weidier
!m; in.omuch..that althougT. the king «>i.t abom
and desired them to .pare the people, nobody
Muld be penuaded to withhold their right hand
from slaughter, but they .|ew people of all age.
Hke madmen. Then itW"thatAntigonu, w h-
out any regard to hi. former or to h s nrcMo
fortune, came from the citadel, and fell down.
Sosius-a feet. who. without P'ty^B hiin at sU
Zoa the change of hi. condition, laughed at h.m
biyond measure, and called him Antigon..* 'let
dtfhe not treat him like a woman, or let hi... 50
free, but put him into bonds, and kept hn" "'
"^"'"tTu't Herod', concern ar present, now > .
had gotten hisinero^es under hi. power, was to
re.nlin 4hu leal of hU foreign aui.l.anes; for
the multitude of the .trange people were very
eater to .ee the t«n.ple. anil what wa. .acre.l in
tSfhoW house itseff; but the king endeavored
to .^.tlrain them, partly by hi. "hortaOon ,
partly by hi. threatening., nay. partly bv force
L. thinking the victory worse than a^ defeat to
Wm. " any thing that ought not to be .een wore
,e™n by them. ^le al.o forbade, at thr.m.e
Jim", the .poiling of the city, asking So.iu,,.«
th" most eirne.t'^roanner. wither tKe Roman,
hv thu. emptying the city of money and men, had
a'miml toTave Eim king of a de..rtr and told
him.^* That he judged the dominion of the h»b,ta.
be earth "too small a compensation for the slaugh-
ter of "p many citiiens." "And when So.iu, sa. ,
"That it was but just to allow the wddiers^ this
plumUr. ".^a regard for what they .u<rer«l
Suring the siege." Herod made answer, th.t
"he would give every one of thfe .oldier. a re-
wari out ofhis own money." So he purchased
The deliverance of hi. country, and perfonaed
hi. promi.e. to tfiem, and made presents after.
n aenificent manner to each widier, and propor-
? Sly to their commander., and with a n.oit
oriTountrto Sb.":; himselh w nobody
went away but in a wealthy conditio.n. Hereupon.
S. d/dicated a trown of gold toGod. and
then went aw.y from Jerusalem, leading AnU-
ton", away in'bond. to Antony; then did th
f «t bring'him 40 hi. end., who .till had a fona
desire of life, and .ome frigid hope, of it to the
last, but by his cowanlly behavior well deserved
*''4'H'ereupoi. kinff Herod distinguished the
mu^tirudeffwa. in the city; and fortho.e tW
were of his side, he made them still .uor^| h
friend, by the honor, he conferred on t »nj:
butfor thL of Antigonu.', party, he slew. hem;
and a. hi. money ran low. he "rn«l all the orna
meAt. he had into money, and .enl < to Am"''^
and to those about him. Yetcould henothcreUy
Durchase an exemption from all sufferings, for
Cony wa. now beSvitchcd by hU love to t eo-
patra, and wa. entirely conquered by her churn.*.
" B. « T .eh. t. at ct . 8 , M De a lt AW'
nhua hlMieir, Aiitiq.
rich hcreubwrves.
.ndStrabo; the latter ol whom I. cited for it by jo*-
BOOK I.-CIIAP. XIX.
491
lerofpiiini-laUnir
Ived to bold uul to
they hul •ognat
Lhriii, they hnre ■
oHUeroil • ihoun
wall, and fell inio
irioDfi nfter thriii;
(1 upon what wn
e pouring in of the .
if vBit inultitudtt
f, ragf lh<' Roniani
cge, and by rinmin
It Herod eurnfitly
r aidvertwriea might
iecei by great indl-
together in narrow
t! running away to
any mercy shown
•a, or to the weaker
the king sent about
he people, iiolwdjr
lid their right hand
' people of all ngei
latAntigonus, with-
r or to his prcMnt
el, and fell down Hi
pitying him at. all
lion, laughed at him
lini Antigonn.* Yet
omnn, or let him |o
I, and kept liiiii in '
i( preient, now h>' .
r hii power, wat tu
eign auxiliaries; for
■e people were very
t what WB> lacrcd in
he king iendcavortd
]y hU exhortationi,
lay, partly by forte,
rse than a^ defeat to
i not to be'»een were
orbade, at thr f-mt
ty, asking So^iu.-, in
whether the Roinnns.
r money and men, had
f a desert? and told
bminionofthehabita-
MStionfortheslaugli-
ind when Sosius said;
How the soldiers this
what they su^ereii
I made answer, that
of thfe soldiers a re-
/' So he purchased
intry, and performed
Diade presents after »
I soldier, and propor-
ers, and with a moti
self, whereby nobody-
condition. Hereupon
of gold toGod, und
iisalein, leading Antj,-
Vntony; then did the
1, who still had a fond
igid hopes of it totlif
lebavior/well deserved
rod distinguished jhf
city; and for thote that
le them still luorj- hi>
B conferred on tlicni:
I'spartv, he slew them;
, heturnwlalltheoriin-
ahd sent if to Antony,
Yet could he not hereby
from ali sufferings; for
cd by his love to Cleo-
iiquercd by her churnii-
Now, Clcrtpatra hiid put todeath nil herkindnd.
till no one mar her in blood rejiiained alive, am
after that she fell l<> liayini; Ihosi' noway rrlateil
to her. So «ho cnluiiiniateii the princi|>al iiitn
Bnions the Svriaiw to Antony, and prrsuadert
him to have them i^iin, that so she inishl eiuily
■rain to be mistress of what th.y hiul; nay. she
extended her avaririous hiiinor to the Jews nn<
Arabians, ami secretly labored to have HeroU
and Malichus, the kings of both those nations,
slaiii by his order.
5. Now as to these her injunctiont to Antony,
he complied in part; for though he esteemed it
too abominable n thing to kill such good and
great kings, vet was he then by alienated from
the friemlship he hod fcr them. He also took
away a great deal of their country i nay, even
the plantation of palm-trees at Jericho, where
also grows the balsam tree, and bestowed them
upon her: as also all the cities on this side the
river Kleutherus, Tyre and Sidon excepted.*
Adti when she was become mistress of these, and
had conducted Antony in his expedition against
tlie rarthia(is. as far as Kuphrates, she came by
Apamia aiuJBamascus into Judea: and there
did Herod pacify her indignation at hinihy largj
presents. Ho also hired of her those places that
had been torn away from his kingdom, at the
yearly rent of two hundred talents. He conduct-
ed her also as far as Felusiuiil, and paid Iht all
the re!<|)ect|)ossible. Now it Was not long after
this, that Antony was come back from I'arthin,
and led with him Artabn»es,Tigninis's son, cap-
tive, as B preseht for Cleopatra; for this I'arthiun
was presently given her. witll his niouey. and all
the prey that was takeir with him.
.CHAP. XIX.
Hom'Anlony, a< the Ptriuasionitf CUopatra,
lent Herod to Jif;ht nfcaititt the Jlrahiant^
how, after levtral llatllea, he at length rot the
yUlory. Ms alto concerning a great Earth-
quake. ■ - ^
i I. Now when the war about Actium was be-
gun, Herod prepared to conic to the assistanre
of Antony, m being already freed from his trou-
bles in Judea, and having gained Hyrcania.whieh
was a place that was held by Antigonus's sister.
However, he was cunningly hindered from par-
taking of th? hazards that Antony went through
ders, but were soWmbnldrned by their f6regoin|t
victory, that the* presently attacked the ArB-
biniis, and beat luini at the fir>t onset, and then
Pursued them'; ylt there were snares laid for
lerod'in that |Mir4iiit; while Alllenio. who was
one of Cleii|i»trii's\ generals, and always an an- >
tagonist to llerodl sent -lut of Kanathn the niei)
of that country agiiinst him, fi>r, upon this fresh :
onset, the Arnbiank took courage, and returoeil
back, and both joined thoiilnuiiierous forces about
stony places, thAt were lnr<l to be gone over, ami
there put Herod's men to the rout. hiiiI made a
great slaughter «f them, but those that esca|icd
out of the battle fled to Urniiia. where the Art-
bians surround'eil their camp, and 'took it, with
all the men in i(.
3. In B little t'mie after this calamity, Herod
came to bring them succors; hut he dime too
late. Now the occasion of that blow was this,
that the officers would nat obey orders; for had
not the fight begun so suddenly, Athenio had itttt
found B pro|>er season for the snares J^e Mid fof
Herod; however, he wns even with the Arabiani
afterward, aiiiM>verran their country, and did
theni more harm |)iBn their single victory could
compensate, ftut as. he was avenging himself on
(lis enemies, tliere fell upon* him anotliifprovl'
dentlal calamity; for fii liie s«!venth year of hit
reign.f when the war about Acliiim was at the
height, at the beginnihg of tlie spring, the earth
was shaken, rfhd destroyed' «n inmiens« number
of' cattle. ^ith thirty (hV>usand men; liut the
army received ^no h^rm. hcimuse it lay in th*/
open air." In the mean time, the fame of thif
earthquake elevateil the Arabians to greatei*
coun.gei and this ta nugmehting it to a fabuloot
height, jis is coiistftnllyl the case in melapcholy
accidents, and prcteniling^lhat all JihIto wai ;
overthrown; upon. this suppoial, therefore, that
they should easilj^ , gei : a land that 'was desti-
tute of inhabitants into their power, they first
sacrificed thdse ambassadors who were cpnie
to them fi^ii Ihi; Jews^'and then marched into
Judea immediately. 'Now. the Jewish nation wtr«
aflrighted at this invasion, arid" quite jUspirited
"iiLtlie greatness of thcif calamities one after ano-
iBei;i; .whom Herod yet, got together, and ende>«.
yored'lo enconrago 'them to defeifd themselvei,
by the following speech which h«made to thcmi
4. " "The present dread you are under, seems to
me to havo seized upon you very unrcnsonably.
•..■-. - ._• u. ;..Ai.. iv. J!.-....^.l .< ik.t
■4^'^-
takiner Ol tnfi naxaniS inai oniony wvni mruu^ii mc lu imvu simhhi v(kiii jfuu T^iy u.is ....•«.. ..«.j.
bv Cleopatra; for since, a« we have alrtady > It is true, you inipht justly b« dismayed at that
noted, she laiid a plot apinst the kings of [Judea
"and Arabia,] she prevailed with Antony to com-
mit the war against the Arabians to Herod; that
hostages from the enemy, and got together a
great oody of horse, and ordercu them to march
against them about Diospolis, aiid he conqueVed
that armv, although it fought resolutely against
him. After which defeat, the Arabians were in
great motion, and assembled theniselves toge-
ther at Kanatha, a city of Calosyria, in vast
multitudes, and waited (Sr the Jews. And when
Herod was come thither, he tried to manage this
war with partiAilar prudence, and gave orders
/•■
providential chastisement vvhich hath befallen
you ; but to suffer yourselves to be eqiiiillv ter-
rified at the invasion of men. is anmanly . As for
so. if he got the better, she might become mis- iiiy^elf. I am lo far from being alVfighled at Ohr
tresi of Arabia.or, if he were worsted, of Judea, I enemies after this envthquakc, that I imagine .
and that she might destroy one of^those kings , that God hath thereby laid a bnit for the AA-
bv the other. •' 1 bians, that we may be avenged on them; for their
■'2. However, this contrivance tended to the#d- j present invasion proceeds' more from our ac«-
vantage of Herod; for at the very first he took dent^ misfortunes, than that they hnvcany gr^t
dependence on their weapons, or their own fit-
ness for action. Now that hof>»,whlch dependi
not on mens') own poiver, but o'n othera' ill sucr
cess, is a very ticklish thing: for there is no cer-
tainty fmong men, either in their bail or good
^>rtunes: but we may easily observe that fortune
is mutable, and goes from one side to another;
and this youiuay rradily learn from exaniulM
among ourselves, for ivl"'" you were once vicTi'in
in the former fight, your enemies overcame,^-ou
tint they snould build' a wail about their camp; pt last; and very likely it will now hap|)ehso<
yet dkl not the multitude comply with those or- | that those who think themselves sure of betting
* Tbit ancient liberty of Tyre and Bidon under the I iween Oetaviua and Antony, and which is known froni
Bomans, talien notice of hy josephui, both here and > the Roman hiatorianslo liave l>een in the hetlnninn or
Antiq.b. xy.ch,iv.Ket.1.Mconflrmedby thelestimo- ; geplember. in the nist year liefore the Chriitlan era,
nTOfStralia.l>. xvl. page 757. ai Dean Aldtichreiharka; i determinestherhranoloxyof Jnsephusaslo.tlie reign
althongh.aahejuatlyadda.thislibertylattedbutalittle of Herod, viz. that liclieann in the year 37. beyond ra-
whlie longer, when Augustus toolt it avTay tVoni<|bcim. tktnal contmdiclhin. Nor is it quite unworthy of our
t THI« 7th year ofthe reign of Herod [from the con- notice, ttiat this 7th year of the reipn of Heron, or th*
%f
t ..
433
WARS OF THE JEWS.
.ou. will .h.a.H.ve. b. ,^...n For .hen ™e..1 2^'■Y„t^':?•^tTo1ti^l«^^^^^^^^^^
Jr. very coufitlent »l'«y "^^ °°« "I"" '*'^\'S"."r„ ihev «"re X^^^^^ to «X|.o.c th..n«l»«. lo clan-
""ile l^-r tea.^- -IL^ .c^ "■ h^«""« ; - S^Xu'I^y.l-.,. J of victory. - _^__ ^^ ,
fMiiiucli, th«t I venture to prove from your very
i„ -rouinew. that you.ouBht to Uke courage:
Co( •-hen you *tr« iuor,c Opll tli«h you ought to
have bteii, and than I wouW have'Mad vou. antt
marched on, Athenio't Ireochrry took jilaee ;
but jour pipieiit .lowne.. and •leniing dejectipiK
of mind. \"to m. a pledge »«'i ^^T^ M.^'L
tory. And indeed it n proper beforehand to.»e
tbui provident; but when «c come to acti^jj
we ought to erect our "''»'•.•'«'«",.""'„ .C
,nemie»i b. they ever .0 wicked. btUeye. t at
neither any human, no, nor any providentijj
iiiwfortuue. cun c ver depress the courage of Jew.
wWe they are alive; Ur wdl any of them ever
overlook, uu Arabian, or suffer such a one to
becomttjjord of bis good things, who'" Hf >'
in a umoner taken captive, and that at many
l"n.e. alsci. And do not you disturb yourselves
at the quaking of inaniniald creatures, nor <lo
vou iiiiigilie that this earthquake ts • ^>g" f
another |.lan.ity ; for such aSection. of he ele-
n.eut« are according to the course of nature, nor
does it in.n..rt any thing fail her «''»';?; \^""
wVt iiiischlef it doesmiiiiediatelypf ilselt. 1 er-
nap> there may come some sbprt sign before-
ha >d in the case of pestilences, and famines, and
- .arthquake. ; but these calamities themselves
nave tl.tir force limited by themseW.^. [without
foreboding any other calamity.] AnJ m. ee
what greuter mischief can the war, though it
ihould be a violent one, do to us, than the enrth-
Tuake has done? Nay, ther£ is a signal of our
enemies' destruction visible, and thiit n very
ereat one also ; V'' this is not a natural one. nor
aerivcd from theltafld of loreigners neither, but
It is this, that they have barbarously murdered
our ambassadors, contran^to the common law of
niankind, and they have destroyed so '"Wp. "
if they eWeuiicd ihem sacrifices for l|od, m re-
lation to this war. But th*y will not avoid his
«eat eyfe. iifir his invinciljle right hand; and we
Siall be revenged of them presently, in case we
still retain any of the courage of our forefiitherf.
Iter by their very despair of victory.
6. Now while they wade opposition, they had
not a great numlier ilain: ouv «» 'oon a* Ihty
turned tjieir backs, a gr««l niariy were troiUl^n
to pieces by the Jew., and a great ii.Eay by
themselves, ami so perished, till five thtunand
were fallen down dead in their flight, while the
re..t of the multitude preventid theif imiiiedisl*
death, by crowding into the fortification. H« rud
encompassed these around, and besieged them,
and while thev were ready to be taken by their
enemies in arms; they had another ad.fition.
distress upon them, which was thir.» and want
of water: for the king was above heark.ning to
tJieir ambassadors, and when they oflered live
hundred talents, as the price of their rediinp.
tion. he pressed still harcfer upon th^.i. And as
they were burnt Up by their thirst, M'»y "'"«
out ami voluntarily delivered thenjselve- up bj
nmltitudes to the Jew., till in five day.' time four
thousand'of them were put in bomis ; ""f «" «J«
.i»th day the multitude that were leftds|Micd
of ever m.vinc themselves, and came out to fiijht,
With these ir«ro'l fought and .lew <^i;«|n ^ob"-
seven thousand, insomuch, that he p.um«hed Ara-
bia^o severely, and so f" «''''"8"'"''^,\^ ''''-' 'P'-
Tits of th<? men. that he was chosen by the nation
for their ruler.
CHAP. XX.
ltd in hU Kingdom by Catar, ana
,'rten</»/ii> mtk the Emptfor h
mo«iinDiii|»7rVfJcn<»,w/»i'« t,'ie»nr rediinj/iil
Kindness hy heslouin/fonhim that Part ofkis
Am«-,/«m which had been taken away frvm t
fcy Cleopatra, uith the Addition of Zenodorus J
Country nl»o. _
5 1 KUT now Herod wa§ under immediate con-
reJn about a most important affair, on account
of his friendship with Aptoiiy, who was nlreadj^
overi-ome at Aclium by C»s*r; yet he was u>ore
afraid than hurt; for Ciesar did not think he h».l
ndoae Antony while Herod continue. h»
J W\him. Hdwever, tiv king resolvfii
Herod i
magnij
for the danger hi» country IS in. as for these am- to nun wiuio i... :_ i... t„.h..
idapgc
orillf
■.«■ \i
bassador*}" Ours; those dead mubassadors will
Set AUwar'of ours better than we our-
Jelve. who are alive. An.l it you will be ruled
bvme, 1 will myself go before you into danger;
for yoi know thii welfenough, that your courage
ii frrisistible, unle.. you liurt yourselve. by
""""Vhcn^Heroil had encouraged them by lhi»
..peich, and he, saw with ^Whut ■»l»"'»y '"^
wiaU he offered sacrifice to God; and after that
Mcrifice, he passed over the river Jordan with
hi. army, and pitched hi. camp about I'hiladel-
phia, near the enemy, and about a for'ihcatioii
V that lay between them. He then shot at them
it a <ri.tanre, and was desirous to come to an en-
eagement presently ; for some of them had been ,
lent beforehand to seiie upon that fortification:
•btrt the king sent some, wlio immediately beat
Atheni out" ot the fortifiwtion, while he himself
went in thfe forefront of the army, which he put
, in battle array every day. and iuvited the Ara-
bians to fight. But a. none of them came out of
their camp, for they were m a terrible Iright,
•nd their general, Elthimus, wa. not able to .ay
« word for fear; so Herod came upon them, and
bvlled their fortification to pieces, by which
taekat they were compelled to come out to fight,
which they did in disorder, and so that the
h or»en.en and footmen were miied together
■•■,'■» -^
Xr as a king. So he concealed nothing of the
SbutspISe thu, before his face: "O C:e,.r.
« I was made king of the Jew. by Antony, .o
do profe that lliave used my royal authority
in tbeTest manner, and ent rely for h.» advan-
In-e- nor will I conceal this farther, that thoa
hiSlsi certainly found me in »""•. «''^ "° '"'^j.*
rable companion of his, had not the Aral an.
hindered ine. However, I sent him as many a.iv •
iliarrt-Va.I was able, and many ten thousand
corilofcon. Nay,indee.l.ldl'dnotdeseTti..y
kene&r after tl/e h'-"* ''"'' "'rH^iilc'e l"«»
Actium- but I gave hiin the best adv ce 1 w»»
able" when I wS no longer able to assist bin. m
Jheiar: and I told him that there wa. but on.
wav of recovering hi. affair., and that wa. to kill
cfeonatraVand I promised him, that if .he «"«,
onceffi I wouVd afford him money and w«l .«
for his «>c.urity, with an.army and W^-^' ' " ^
si.t him in hi. war against thee: but h;« .>ttic
J on. foi Cleopatra rtopH hi*"". " ^id ».qJ
himSelf aUo. ^o hath bestowed the governmeat
oLuwe I own myself aUo to be overcome to-
eether with him. an'd with hi. la»t fortune have
faidaV^ai my diadem, and am come hither to
thee Wing >ny hope, of safety n thy virtue;
Ind ideTreWhou'^ilt fi«tconsiderhow^..^^
ful a friend, and not whow friend, I have been,
W Mn « od' «, .W t »
whence tt appear., that t^a tarn
compofltlon Jowphui'i-
' V^:f
w
♦ Thta apeeeh of Herod ta wt down twice by Jows-
, phi^lwJ'Sl Antl.,. h. IV. eh. V. «;ct 3. to tl^ v«y
:'' nma ^rpoae, but byno mean, in tlrt.wme woiM,
\-.T
:J''.
■^'
he Jewi in noni'
■crity, *ltliough
eiiiiclvei tu (liu)-
OTf.
otitinn, thry htiil
«t toon Hi ihcy
trijr wvro troiUith
t great incay by
ill five llicusanil
flight, while the
I tht'if' iniiii<'(liat«
tificatinri.' H<ru(l
I bi'tirged them,
be taken liy Ihfir
nother aililitional
■ thint and want
Dve h«ark> iiini; to
thejr oflereil live
of their rednnp-
on th^ii. Ami a»
thirst, ,f hey '»'"«
thenitelve< up by
ive dnyi' time four*
tomla; and on the"
rere left dupuircJ
came out to fi|;lit;
»tew rf(5«in abuu
t he punixhed Ara-
tinguished the «pi-
o«eh by the nation
■JombyC(t$ar,aiid
\h the Emptfiir h^
C(rsar returns h($
lim thai Part ajhit
tken aaay /rum it
tiono/Zenodor>n'$
ider immediate con-
affair, on account
y, who WB9 ftlrtadj
r; yet he was v<on
id not think he hail
lerod continued hit
lh£ king resolvfd
accardingly he sail-
lien abode, and caiue
nd in the hqbit ami
jn, but in his beha-
;aled nothing of th«
liaface: "OCiefar,
lew» by Antony, »o
I my royal authority
irely for hi» ailvan-.
ia farther, that thoa
irnis, and'an insepa-
d not the Araliiani
ent him as many auv -
many ten tMousand
, I did not desert Hiy
hat was giv^n hiiu at
le best advice J was
' able to assist him ia
at there was but one
, and that was to kill
him, that if she »vcre
him nioney and walls
iiy and myself to «»-
; thee: but his altcc-
hii ears, aa did »«qJ
>wed the governmeat
lo to be overcome to-
lls la«t fortune I have
I am come hither to
safety in thy virtue;
ret considerhow ftiith-^
friend, I have been.
r ain « o i l' «,l> ttt«»
BOOK i.-CHAP. XXI.
433
*». Cwar wpliwi to him thuii "Nay, thou
•halt not only be In safety, but shall b« a kiiWi
•nd that more firmly than thou wert before; lor
thou art worthy to reign over a great nianjr sub-
iccti, by reason of the fastness ol thy friend-
(hi0! and do thou en.leavor to be equally con-
stant in thy friendship to me, upon my good
auccets, which is what I depend upon from ♦"•
Kcneroiily of thy disposition. • <"»«*"• /"'""y
Rath done well in prelerring Cleopatra to thee,
tor by this means we have gained tbeaiOy ner
madness, and thus thou hast begun tolbe my
friend before I began to be thine; on which ac-
count Quintus Dediu* hath written to nie ttiat
thou senlest him assistance against the g adia-
tors. i do therefore assure thee, that I w'l' ^"{n-
ftmi the kinf^dom to thee by decree: I shall also
endeavor to <lo thee some lurther kindness h«r«.
>fter, that ihou raayest find no loss in the *ant
° 3. When Cwsar had spoken such obligitig
things to the king, and had put the diadem again
■bout his ho't. he proclaimed what he had be-
stowed on him by a decree, i#*irhich he enlarged
in the commendation of the, man after a iiiaeni-
ficent manlier. WhereujMin Herod oblige.l l.iin
td be kind to him by (he presents he gave liiiii.
and he desired him to forgive Ale»«nder, one of
Antony's friends, who haJ^becoiiie asupplicant to
him. But Cwsar's auger apainst him prevail-
ed, and he comiilained of the many and v«ry
great offences the man whom he petitioned for
Bad been guilty of: and by that means he reject-
ed his petition. After this. Ciesar went from
EgfW* through Syria, when Herod received h|iii
with roval and rich eiitertaininenta; and then »lid
he first of all ride along with Cicsar, as he wa»
reviewing his army about Ptolemais; and feasted
him with all his fri<nds, and then distributed
among the rest of thie army what was necetsary
to feast them withal. He also made a plentiful
provision of water for them, when they were to
Cvsar; when Carsar was acquainted with it, h«
lant back orders that this nest of robbers shonid
b« destroyed. Varro therefore maile an eipadl-
tion against them, anil cleared the land of thos«
men, and took it away from Zeno«lorus. Csesar
did also a fterwaril bestow it on Herod, that H
might not again become a receptacle for those
robbcn that had come against Damascus. Ha
also made him a procurator of all Syria, and this :
on the tenth year afterwanis, when he came again
into that province; and this was so established,
that the other procurators Could not ilo any thinf
in tlift administration without hii advice ; but when
ZenMorus was iletiil, Carsar bestowed on him a.l
that land which lav betweenifrachonitis and <ia-
lilee. Yet what was still of more consequenc*
to Herod, he wasli»loved by C«sar nest after
Agripiia. anJigi^grippn nait after C.rsar;
wfieoce he aflPKl at a very great degree of leli
city Vet did the greatness of his soul exceed
it, and the main part of his magnanimity win
ettended to the promotion of piety.
CHAP. XXI.
Of the ITemvlt and] Citin thft vere built b<f
Heraa, and trecledfrom the otryJoHnJaliont:
a$ aim, ofthoie othi r EdiJIcei that ir« re erected
4y Am- and wlial .Vagnifictnee he ihoved lo
Foreigntrt; and how Fortune was in all «fct«Jft
favorable lo him.
AccuftDlNaLV. in the fifteenth year of hia
marcn as lar ns inuBium, wnuuf,.- ...■., ~— -.
try, which he did also in like manner at their re
torn thence; nor were there any necessariea
wanting to that army. It was therefore the opi-
nion both of Catsar and of his soldiers, that He-
rod's kingdom was too iniall for those generous
presents he made them; for which reason, when
C»sar was come into Egypt. "»nd Cleopatra
■nd Antony were dead, he did not only bestow
.1 lj ^e !.—....« ..nArt li.iat kilt ■nnfltf. nn
K 1, At;t;uHifinuL.i* ii« *••«= ,..»...-,.-.. J — — —
reiirn, Herod rebuilt the temple, and encompass-
ed a piece of land about it with a wall, which
land was twice as large as that before enclosed.
The expenses he laid out upon it were vastly^
large! and the riches about it were also un-
speakable. A sign of which you have: in the great
cloisters that were erecteft about the temple, and
the citadel which was on its north side.f I he
cloisters he built from thei foundation, but the
citadel he repaired at a vast expense, nor was it
^:;-:^^}mi^^^B^¥-ESra:::: ii±siis
nia, in honor of Antony. He also buill hliiuell
a iialace in the upper city, containing two very
large and most beautiful apartments, to which
the holy house itself could not be compared [in
larzehess.l The one apartment he named Capsa-
reum, and the other he named Agrippmm, from
his ftwo great] friends.
2!" Yet did ho not pretervp their memory by
..::':ri- ^ L..:i.l:_.. ....lu 'luiili th«ip haiiii^s friveil
lestow x._ieiuiii iie hoj pi"=»T^i'v •■■■/■ < '
"oJhVmaW. of-honor-ui^on him. but made. ■;^£jSi=»'»',bu'ldmgs md^^^^^^^^^
Addition t?hJs kingdom. Jy giving him. not onlyTfc.m. but j::i„87.'rh:'7h:ru a most beautiful
.1 . A «U1_I. WdM kaiAn- «alrun ti^mil nil
the country which M been taken from him by
Cleopatra, but besifws that.GHdara. and Hippos,
■nd Samaria; and moreover, of the maritime
citiei, Gai«,» and Anthedon. and Joppa. and
Strato's Tower. He also made him a present of
four hundred Oalli [Galatians] as a guard for hit
body, which they had been to Cleopatra before.
Nor did any thing. so strongly Jiidiice Cirnar to
make these presents as the generosity of him that
received them. ^^ .
4. Moreover, after the first games at^Rt;um,
he added to hit kingdom both the region called
Tmchonltis, and what lay in its neiphborhowl.
Batanea, and. the country of Auranitis, and that
on the following occasion: Zenodonis, who had
hired the house oT Lvsanias, had all along sent
robbers out of Tracliohitis among the Damas-
cenes; who thereupon had recoorte to Varro,
the president of Syria, •nd desired of him that
be wpuld represent the Calamity they were in to
• elace Joaephiw, both here, ami In hit Antlo.b. xv.
eh. Til. tett. 3, reekoniGaaa, wlilch had heeh a free rlty,
■monnthecitieaglTen Herod hy Angustnt, and yetJm-
plief that Herod bad made Coatebarua a governor of It
before, Anti^. b. xv. chap. vii. tert.S; Harduin hat
■ome pretence for saying that Joaephut here eonimdiet.
•d htmaeiri But, perhapa, Herod thought be had suffl-
etent authoWy to put a governor Into Caaa, after he
was made tetrarch or kinc. tn times ot war, belbre the
city waa entirely delivered into his hands by Au|attaa.
cities; for when he had built a most beautiful
wall round a country in Samaria, twenty furlongs
long, and had brought six thousand inhabitants
into it, and had allotted to it a most fruitful piet*
of land, and in the midst of this city, thus built,
had erected a very large temple to Ciesar, and
had laid round about it a portion of tacred land
of three furioni." and a half, he called the city
Sebaste, from St bastus or Augustus, and settled
the allairs of the city after ■ most regular man-
"^3. And when Caesar had further bestowed upoii
him another a.lditional country, he built there
also ■ temple of white marble, hard by the foun-
tains of Jonlan: the place is called Paniuni,
where is a top of a mountain that w raised to an
immense height, and aL '»• side, beneath, or at
its bottom, • dark cave opens itself ;_ within
which there it a horrible precipice, that descend*
abruptly to ■ vast depth; it contains a Wight/
tThlf fort was first built. " \^^^'ff^^yJ:J^
Nyrcaiitti. tee Prwl, aMhe year 107, •™«,""*f, *^/
thi Tower or Citadel. It was afterward rebuilt, with
gr^t ImprovemenUi. by Her«lj^«l" |*«Io»""»«»«
5f Antonlus. and was named from 11m«*« '••f; v
jint,nia-,n« about the •""""£« """J ;*"""S
temple, he seems to have pal ''••'••'i*"^ «»,"'fcS?
Aqtkl.b. xvlii.ch.v. sett. 4; Of the War. b. l.thMil.
S«. « ; a n d e h. v . se et. <. It la y on t h e
ofthe temple, and wataquuter atUric.
tN •■
northwiiitild*
431
WARS OP THE lEWS.
quantitf ot vinltr which it inimoTc>ht« ; *n(t nlicn
•ny bodv leti down niiy thine, ty nleaiurB tlie
depth 01 thr •artli Vnealh tiie wHlcr, no lenfttli
of cord i» •uflicijiit to rnich'it. Now the loun-
tkinsof Jorilnn ri«c nt the 'root* of^i* cavity
outwardly; and, an snine think^thiii is lh(< uliiiont
■, origin d1' Jordan: but wu aliidl »|H'alii «f thut nmt'
' ler luort accurately in our foiliiiwin;; liintury.
4. But th« liinjf erected other place* nt Jeri-
ch6 al>u, betveeil the citadiil Cyprot iiiid/thc
lanner place, tucfa ns were better and morn use-
ful than the former for traveller, and,niini?d
ihcni from tlie »aHi».- friend* of h'». To »av alt at
"once, there w»« not any pliire of hit ltinu;<loiil| fit
- fur the purpone, tka) wa> periiiitted to be with-
out iomewbiit thiit,wa| for (lie»ar'* honor, and
when he bad filled bi« owncouhtrj' with templet,
he poured out the like plentiful inarka of hi< ei-
tceni- into hit provinceK, and huilt uiany cities
which he called Ctcsareat.
6. And when he observed that there was aciljr
by the teaaide that wot nittch decayed, (its name
was Strato* Tower,) but that the place, by the
ute hapliineis of its inhabitants, was capable of fcriat
■ iuiproveiuents from hU liberality, he rebuilt it all
with' white stone, and adorucd it with severnl
: most splendid palaces wherein he especially (1i-
mirmstrated his ina^naiiiuiity ; for the case u«<
tliis, that all the scnshorc between I>or.« and
Joppa, in the iniililh-, betwVen which this city it
situated, had no^oiid haven, insomuch that every
ui.e «h"at tailed from i'liu-'nicia for Egypt whs
obliged to lie in thcstorniy sea, by reason of the
south winds that tliAatened theni; which wiiiil,
„ if it blew but a little fr«sh..siich vast waves ore
raises, andHash upon the rocks, that ujion their
retreat, the sea is in a great ferment for a long
way. But 4he king, by the expenses he was iit,
■nd th? fiber«l disposal of them, overcame na-
ture, and buiU^a haveu larger thin was the I'y-
rffiuni [at Athens;]* and in the other retirements
of the water he built pther<leep stations [for the
thiJM bIso.j ji. : „
G. Notv, althoi^h the place where he built was
?;Teal)y opposite ;to his purposes, yet did he so
ully ttruggre^n''that difficulty, tha^ the firm-
ess of hit butttli'ngbould not easily be c.onquer-
y ^y the sea; and the beauty anif Ornament of
Reworks war -such, as. tholigh '"' had not had
W diflitully'in the oprtation; f.jr when he had
hwisured out at large n space as we ha«e before
jientip'ned, he" let down stones into twenty fathom
vater, tht greatest part of which were Jifty feet
in length, and nine in deiith, and ten in Ijreadth,
and tome still
larger.
But when the haven was
filled up to that depth, ho enlarged that wall
which was thus alremlv extant al)civ«»the sea, lill
it was two hundred lect wide, one liomlred i)f
,v^ich had tuildipgs before it, jii order to bi-eak
the, force of ftic waves, whence it was calleil
Procumatia, or the first breaker of the waves;
hut the rest of the space was under a stone wall
fiiat ran round it. On this wall were very Isirgc
lowers, the principal and nioal Ijenutiful of which
waa called Drusiuni,froni'Driisus, who was »on-
itt-lan( to CsBsar. „ ■ •'
7. There were also « great number of archts,
srhere the mariners dwelt; and all the places
before them round about was a large valient. Or
walk, for a quay [or landing-place] to those that
came on shore;, but the entrance Was on the
■ north,, /because the nor\h wind was there the
>THat Jotephna apeakt trutlfwben h« assures us,
tliat "the haven ofthltCctares was made hy Herod
n« less, nay rather larger, than that famous liaven at
Athens, called the Pfrtum," will appear, tayi jlcan
Aldrich, to him who rorai«nyes the description of Hint
at AtlieBB in Thurydidca ant) Pnnsanlaa with this of
• Cvaarea in Jotepliua here, and in the Antiq. b. iv.
inott gentle of all the wind'- At the ninulh o( ,.
the haven were on each sicKi three great (^idooi;
supported by pillars', wjtvffe' •hone Columl thiit >
are on your IcQ,, JufntU'as yoii sail into "the (nrl,
are supptirted by a tolijd towei;; li(|t tluw.' oalhe
right liaml are supimrted by two uprighl.»l'o"n«»
jimitd together, whiclf stones wor* larger lliai^,,
that tower which was on the other side uf tht
entmnce. Now there were conlinuni ediiicM',-
ioined to tire hnven,'which were alini tlieH|Mfive<
of white stone; and to thjt haven ditl the iiauoW
streets of the ciiy*Jead, and were buil.t a^< -(ual
dittancea one fronrimother. And ovei- iijrnmit
the mouth of the haven, upon an elevation, there
was a li.iupio for Ca'Sar, which was evcdltt*
b<it!i in beauty and lArgeneas; and therein «ksa
(^ulosautof (y'leiiur, tiot lens than that oT JiifWer
OlympyifWhich it was iimde tiyreseiiiWf. (he
other (MtuMUS of Itoinc iva*. equal to that Of Juno
al'Argos. Ho he dedif iilcd tin city try'thr piti. ,
vinre, and the haven to the siiilors fiwej IhiI l:ie
honor of the building he u*cril)edJUjjl*^iir,+ and
named it Ca-'tarea accordirtjjIyT"^ ,' ' -
B. He nlSio built tlio, other edific^rthe ainphli^
theatre, and theatre, aiid niarkel-jdace, hi a
moniier agrieable to tliat deiioiiiiiintion; nul ap.
poinlud giiiues every iMth year, and called lliini,
in like milliner, C '•»ur'sgameK; iind he liijl him-
self jiropf«:d the lari;;i>t priies Hpon the Imii-
dred iiiiH ly-»i cond Otj*niimid ; in which mil •inly
the yiclun*" theinsi lvi«i but those Ihi\t ruiui- 1» Nt
to theiu, and even thoae that came in the third
place, were partiikers of his rbjnl boiiiilY. He
also rebuilt Anlhedon, a city "that layAn iIib
coast, and hiid been d< moli^ih^il in the wart, and
named Aniippiuiii. Mon.nver, lie h:id fu vtry
f;rent a kiiiiiueis for his I'riind Ajirippa, thnt lie
ladfhis name eiigravjit upon that gat^ which hti
had hiiuseif erected in the tenmle. ^
9. Ilerod Was afso a lover if bis father, if nny
other person ever was so; for he nitKle a inonn-
iiient liir his father, even that city #Wch he liiiilt
ill the liiiest jilain that was in Ins kingdom, and
whicit hud rivers and trees in abniidance, und
named it Antii^atris. He also built a wall about
a ciladi 1 that lay above Jericho, and'Vvnsa very
ttr«iig and ver^.Jij>c building, and dedicated it \o_
his mother, and called it (Xpros. Moreover, ho"
dedicated a lower tliat was at Jer'utaleiii, and
called it liy the name. of his brother I'hasaeliis,
whuae structure, largeness, and iniignijicenre, no
shall describe hereafter, He Bl^^ built uiifilher
city in« the valley that, leads northward IVoiB
Jericho, and named it I'liftsaelis.
lb. .\nd as he truiisiuitled to eternity his fami-
and I'riiiids, so <lid he not neglect a metiiorial
el i iip. i». se c t .O;« n d h. svll -ehap. ts. se tt. I .
t Tlie«e bttildtnga of ciliea l>y the name of Csanr, and
inatitiitinn Of toleinn unmesin honor of AugustusCie-
tar, aa here and in tbo AntiquititM reUted of Ilerod by
(ur himself, but built a fortress upon a iiKum
tain towards Arabia, and iianiid it frorti binmll
llerodiuin;! ami he called iliat hill that Win "f
the shape of, a woman's breast, and was 'iMy.
furlongs dista'lit from Jerusalem, by the xanie
uniiie. He also bestowed iiiuclW«jous arf upon
it, with great atiibitiuh,,aiid buiit rJ^yid lowers
all iibout'the toil of it, niid tilled upthe.remaiiiln;
spare with the niost costly palaces round hb.iut,
insomuch, that not only the sight of the iivier
apartments was splendid, but great wealth was
laid out on the outward waIN, und partition*, and
roofs also. Besides this, he brcuight 4 miiihly
quantity of water from A great dis^nce, ami .it
vast charges, ant) raised an a«ceiit to it of l«yo
hundred steps of the whitest marble, for the hill
Josephus, thi^ Roman bitloriana attest to at tbinus tiiep
freqiientin the provinccs'br that empire, aaUeun .\td-
rirholiservesonthisclnplcr.
J There were two cities ur citadels tailed Htrailium
in Judea, and lioth mentioned by Joeephua, npl only
here, Init Ahliq.b. xlv. rhap. xiii. tect. 9;l>. i. rli. Ix.
aect.O.ttfllie War, b. i. clini.. xiii. accl.8;b. iii. rli. lii.
Kft. r^ . nniinf ihem wiisgUO.nnd the other 60 furhmga.
ineft
^*"'
diatant from Jerusalem. One of tlicin i* nientioneil hjr
I'liny, Hiai. .Nat. b. v. ch. xh. as |)«an Aldrich ol<»er»«#.
here
^z;-
Lt thp niniilh (^ ^
III into Jhe (nrl,
li(|t (li»i<vb>i,llie
o upriKhl >l'i)n«^
ror* liirKir OianX
rthrf >><l<: III tht
(inliniinl cdiiicef,-.
p aliiii llim|>i'lvc'<
■II (titl tlie ii»> ro«
•re buiU at-t iu«l
\n'l over iijrHinil
n eletiitiun, Ihtra
:1k AVRH rvrilltUt
ui<l th«r<'in »k» »
m thol oT JiifW.T
lal In lliat' Af Jiiiip
■ city tii/llii' pin-,
or» llwi*. IhiI l;ie
f(lJtt4iMiir,+ and
lifirp«r*h<' aiiiphU '
»rfcrl-))la(U', ra «
inliiiition; nil' I ap-
ami (>iill(-(l llti'iii, .
; iimi he I'liJl liliii-
<:» Hpoii IIk- liiin-
in vvnieli mil •mir
»<• Illllt r.Mur |l> Nt
raiiie iii Itii' third
bVnl tmiiiitv. H«
j'liiat lay An iIib
il in lh<i wart, ami
p, li« Iwiil fu vtry
A|;rippa. tliiit lie
hat i^iit^ vvliit'li liO
j>le-.
r liU futhrr, it any
• he niii<rt a iiuimi-
;ity Wjriih hv \»M
ii\» kiiiK:<l'ini, iiiitl
n alinmlanri', und
built a wall nliuut
10, and'Vvns a viry
and drdicati'd it \o
pos. Moreover, lie'
at Jeriiialeiii, and
brother I'hufailin,
d |iiii(;nilic<;iir«", \\v
al^^ built uiinihcr
s nortliwurd I'loin
19.
(J ulcrnity his finni-
ii«plcct a uH^iorial
«»» upon a iiiiiiin-
ii(l it frorti hinmll'
Bl hill that «';!;< nf.
int, and wan •*iMy.
ilein, by the Kline
ft nirjnin iirl 11 poll
Imiit r!V(>'' t')«<r»
I'd upthe.rfmaiiilii;
ilitfi'S round about, '
sight of the iivuT
t (;reat wealth «aj
uiul partition", nnil
brought 4 niisrhly
at (Usance, ami at
a«rciit to it of two
marble, for the hill
tttG«ttouthini:!tiiea
ciupiie, asUeaii Aid-
idebcalled HtndUm
ly JOMphua, not nnly
ii. (cct. 0; h. X. rli. Ix.
ii.Mct.e;b. iii. rh. iii.
d tlie ottier 60 fur limjU.
tlicin i( nientioneil hy
Dean Aldrich (AoKtitt,
BOOK I,— CHaV. XXII.
\
WM itnlf mnderaiiely high, amt entirely hietilinui.
U« ali^libilt other palaces about the rooli tyl'the
' hill^-'uiilicieiit lt> reireive the I'urniturc that M|at
nrt''wVi them, with hia friciidtaliio; iimoiiturh,
.tMi yn account o( iti contaiiiiuK all nrorMiriet,
''^'tn« ijrtwit niight •«ei*ti> be a city, but, by the
botinilii it had, a nulace only, ", '■
II. Ami when W'had built «o much, h«ih6wed
the f^rcaUicM of 4iit •out to no •mall number of
foreign citiet. He built iilncea for exercite at
Triuuli, and Dainaicun, ami I'toKniaiij hi) built «
wall aluiut iiybluia, iia alio lar)(e •'^onu, and ilitia-
ter«, am) teniidi?!, and market-placet at lierytua
knd Tyre, witli theutrei at .Sidon and Daniuacua^
He ala'o buil^ Aqueducta for thii"e Lao<iiceanayh^
lired by the.4paaide; and fur thoae of AHcalon he
built batha and 'coatly fountaiiia, aa aUo clpiatera
: round a court, (hat were admirable both foriheir\
'^ wurkiiianahip and larKCneia. Moreover, hd de-
dicu^eo K'ovea. and lueadqwa to amne people:
nty^uot a fewcitiea<l)iege were who h»d lainia of
hit (>ouution, aa if they were parti of hia own
kiu|((l(iui. lie aUo Ixatowed annual irevenuea,
and thtiae fOf ever alao^ on the iacttlciiienta for
ekerrinea, ^d apiioiuted fnt them, aa well aa for
the peuple of Coa, that auch rewarda ahoulil
never be wantinj;. He alao gave corn to all aurh
a* wantail it, afiil conferred upon Khndca lar);e
aunia ofuiciey fur bulldiii); ahipa.and thia he did
in many p^cca, and freijut'iuly alao. And when
Apollo a temple had been burnt down, he rebuilt
it at hia own charf;i;a, after a btdter manner thaq
it waa ^cfore. What neid I apeak of the pr^^aenta
he made to the Lyceana and Saninianal or of hia
great liberality throiigli all Ionia? and that ac-
cording to every botfy'a wanta of (hem. And are
not the Atfienivni, and Lacedemonians, and IVIit;
copulitana,jnd thfit I'ergamua which ia in'My*-
(ia, full of (loa||itona that Herod presented thera
withal ? Aniffa for that large open place be-
longing 'to Antioch in Syria, did not he pave it
with polished 'Inarblr, though it Were .twenty
furlongs Jung? and tbia when it was shunned by
all men before, because it wba full of dirt and tir-
thiness, when he besides adorned the same plucte
.with a cloister of the taiwc length.
\'i. It is true, biiian may sa^', these were fa-
vors peculiar tu those particular nlaces, 'on
which lie bestotvtnl his iHoelits; ,||Ht |^n what
favors lie bestont^on the KleaiiW^n^a iloiia-
tiob not only in cuminon to all tireece, bu) to iill
the habitalile. earth, as far as the glory of the
Olyiii0ic~ games reached. For when he p<^
ceiveU^ that they w-irc comedo nothing for wwt
of inoifey, and that the only reiiiniin of. anciimt
Greece tVere in a manner gone, he not only be-
came one of the coitihntanti in that felnrn of the
fifth year games, which in his sailing to Konie he
happened to be present at, but he settled upon
tbein revenues ormoneyfimpirpetuity, insomuch,
that this memorial as a c£)iffiataiit the're can newr
fail. It would be an inlinite task if 1 should
to over his payments of people's debts, or tri-
outea, forthein, aa he eaied the people of I'ha^
435
auch a warrior at rbuld not be nilhalood^ manr
men, therefore, there are wh>i have aioivl amatcd
at hia ren<liiie>s in..>hia exerrini'S, when they aaw
liini throHr Ihe.javelin dirertly i:ora»ard, and shoot
the arrow U|Mn the iiMirk. And then, braidei
thete perloriiianres of hifi. depending on his own
strength of mind and body, fortune waa »'••> Tqry-^
'favorable to him; fdr he seldom tailed ol auccraa
in hia wara; #id wheit he failed, l|e waa not him-
aelf the occna|iin of auch failings, but he eilhir
waa betrayed by aome. or the n«ahneaaof hia rfwn
aoldiera procured his defeat.
cHAi». x;(n.
Tht murder a/ JiH$tnhulut and Hyrtama, M«
Higk frUvii'ai aUn ii/Mariamne, tht qtittit.
'' }-l. UpWKVEH, fortune waa avenged on Herod
in hia eiiternal great siircesses, by raising hini
iHiidoniestic troubtea; and he began to have wild
disorders iii'his family, on accouiit'uf his wife, of
whom he Waa ao sen fond. I'or when he <'an)e
to the governiiiciit, he seqt away her«rhom ho
hail bejTore married when he wail a private per-
aon, and who waa horn at Jerusalem, whose
name wna Doris, and niarried Alariamne, Die
daughter of Alexander, the son of Aristohiiliiii:
|i|n wliose account dislurbiimres uvite iii hiM f.i-
niily, and that in part verysoon, but I'hielly al'ler
his return from jlomc. 'Vnr first of al| he <\-
Bclled Aiitipnier, the son of l>ui'is, for the sake
m his' sons by Mariamne, out of the city, and
permitleii hiiii to come thither at no other tibies
tlihn at the festivals. After this he slew his wife's
grandfather, HyrCanus, when he was returned
out of Fnrthia to him, under this pretence, that
lie susneeted him of plotting n<;ainst him. Now
this llyrcanus had been rarriid captive lo Kar-
lapharnes, when he overrun Syria; but those of
his own country beyond Kiipbral«'»\vi're desirous
he would stay with them, and this i.ul of tlie.cnm-
uiisenition they had for his ''omlition;.^nnd had
he complied with their <lesii'eM, when IIm v ex-
horted him not to go over t,he river to llcroil, lie
-had not perished; but the iViurriage of hii< grand-
daughter [to Herod] was his temptation^ for ns
he relied u|>on him, and was uve^'fondof his owh
c^ountry,,he came back tu it. II^jIH. provoca-
tion was this, not that I ly rraiiuP^Hts any at-
tempt to gain the kingijoin, liut itHHlFwas litter
for him to be their king than fur ilerod.'
% JMowuf .the live children which llerotl had
rby Mariamne, two of them were dai|<;liti'rs, iiml
three were sons; and the youngeslSf these^Sont
Waa eduentcd at Koine, and there died: bpl the
jAUieldest he treatnlaa those of royal blood, on uc-
WS0^ of the nubility of their inothor', and because
Wfcy were not burn tillikeAvaH king. Itut then
what was stronger than jBft|js, was the love he
bore to JVIariamnc, andHBPiMllained hiinevery
day to a great degree, anffSo I'ar conspired t^itli
the other inolkives, that lie felt no other troubles
on account of her he loved .no entirely. Hut ,Ma-
riaiune's Iratred to him was. uot^inferior to his
love to her.^ She had indeed but too just arause
aaelus, of lintanea, and of the small cities about ! of indignation, froiu «»hnt he had ilone, while her
Cilicia, of those annual pensions they before i boldness proceeifed from his all'crtion to her; so
paid. However, tlic fca^^be was in much dts- j she openly reproached liini with what, he had
ei4;theinselvcs. : of seventeen, he slew hiiu qiiicklv after he had
.13^ Now Hei-od had a body suited to hia soul, | conferred that <tignily upon him ; But when Aria-
^ll was ever« niosl excellent hunter, wher<rhe ! tobulus hail put on the hoi vveslments, and had
j^cr^lly had good success, by the ineana of hia ! approached to (he alfa?, at a festival, the inulti-
gfcat skill vn riding horses; lor in one day he , tudc, in great crortds, fell into tears ; whereupon
caught lofty wild beasts;* that country breeils the child was sent by nitht to JericBl^id w;u
tilao bears, and the greatest part ot i( is reple- I (here dipped by the (iails, at HcrodVcommand,'
;$iiahed wittf stags and wild atsCs. He "was alto 1
1 poo
M'
-M
till he was-drownid.
3. Fo r these r Oa s o i is — .Ma r i a mn e r e ii r oached
.<' J.* Mereuu-nis In lie i, .mull itcffrt In •'■» '"p'-t, whl-h ' u ', "^ ' " rOasolls .>
dewriheilienlldlieimsvihiihurreiiunleilinarerlain "'■'"od, and his si«t r hikI niothtr, nfttrumost
, country by ilerod, nithouCnaniluganysuchcountryat 1 contumelious in innt r, whiU in was duuib on ac-
\ kU. I cguDt of bia aff«clioi» for her vet had the woift«a
s
i s
(
436
Ktni iB^C"*''*"* *^ ^"'
^'lot hm U'lil ih* *■•
UiiiiK ih«y tliouEht ii>o»'.l>
■iiKvr. Tliey »l«> '-on'"*
«ircuS»rt»ucei believol, iiti
tliiiiK iii<Mr« credible, JihI
MUl her biotur* iuto Kf."
If. Ihwigh iiuJ .»«;«b«M>4.|
iuUnltB 10 ni:r<
to hia b*<l*-,
more H
^^ve men'
j^ to' mi. .
[;^e^o(.hi
?,il»ij^»et|iu««l
|W of C»))(i*tlpe».
■ iiiin that
islhadit m
lit charge
accuiei—- ■
tw*'h*M«'^'*^*5'¥^:'r-i^'¥-^^
,re ha(&**|i«ir W«-^Wo* ftoMwlhttVcat ,^ .
r.ua..T„Xnrti;.k,.» liamlle fro^ ;fj'!l'«f ,.
)ltliltM. *n(l C5rtalni«fjl»i»n> *?*>*'
liiliite«o'ltUuliin> tktV'-Vero <««^'IJ>U^<' vi r-
wrtisMt.'.w •■*■'«'■; b,bo«hWWiyPl»
Arcl»i^tfi»^ l»1*«K*l>oi
arupoitjHMMl^lkh'l H»« )»<">
It e.i>ici»ri»^ »!»>«»♦ hn l<tvej
' ■ ' ■*'"■-''• -jiiil bt-caui*
,„^^Jn«trB waa a
i*f account l.)'«»-
SitVeU ai Malicliua
jiot ^»tcnil to the
Jo the Uapgerof
wat about lo lake a jour-
led hU wif<^ Josei)".*;'*
inJiaa to one who woulJ be
Wre hill* j'ooil-will lOii ac.
'tf«
. i*.
•Hero:
he Doiibljr WUW to prefer lijiu before them.
TBuMhawntwere not able to b. « Ihi.
nbaiiKe
that waa L
bilily of th\|
their intligi!
■|thcM §0
t|r l^aurr, |or wiirM •"■;j '—^'r-
6f a mother of no funiily. tb»,^o-
Jjbirlh iiia<l« them unable to conUia
,11 j but whtnioeycr they Wereiin-
' the angtr they hail at It. Ana
„ day after ilay improve in that,
Jlhiater already exercised atl hit
nueh were very great, io Halter,
id 'in contriving manyoiorHol
bis -brethren, while he tolij
jcm hluiielf, and put it upon
If tb iVlse other •tori«»,iigamit
>« tmir<ly«ii» hia brilhren
llCt)
Ill.LoVMlS'tbia^rttntl Mcfet U> her; upon whicn, l "Jf'f"';;;",';V:<BSr .uccecdiiig to thr kin({.loni;
wTirK *?. comUick, and a.^they talked J^'^^ta.atff publicly put into hi. falh.f.
CetUw. »» c«n«r,il.il .hi., ove to her by inarty ^J,''* ^j" .p^Vir. Accorllingly. b« «»• «»«
ullectioiJ fdf any o«ht**«OW»fl »» •« »»" - -^ ...i*.-
to Ci«r. ni^iS^e- the diiidem. He wa. »(«.
able htimitoTlrtrbdMCe hi., mother again into
MariiDioe'* b«|, The two «ort. of weapon' h.
mad" Wof agttin.t W. brethren, were flatt.7
"niJ calumny, whereby be brought matter, prh
'afely to <ucb a p«... that the kms h""! thought
of puttiiir hi. ^m/to death. 1. r., ..
• i. Sp thie Sther d,)e«f Aletander a. faf «
Rome.-and;cliMgS4 him With an «»««'"?'?'»»•
loniraj hint »» ifere CeMr. Alejiander could hard-
i™k f6*%HieDt.«ion. but-having a Judge th,t
, iij-.j i,k,.^Tbi..>iu •vnii cil lavinr snvm'«
■Yes
ktrate
, demon-
. ../liSlove Vtf'weiVy t»'e iirjhnction. thou
•f. ^
mjunction'oTw-S "•»>«" »>• h-.d d^biu^hed her..
'H'i"pa..toollw made hin. .lark mad. and leap-
iufr out of »i# beJ. ¥ ran ^ibont the palace afte
wiW inanoer; at wVich tiniV hi. ...tei Saloim
' took the onwAunity sLo to bla.t her reputation.
lodcTfirSod hi.. u.picion about Jovph: where-
uSan out of W. ungd*rnaM« jealouify and rage.
Tcommi^ botl of; them Uu; ^«^^^
i^utelv • but fc .oon a. ever bia )Vinsion *M over,
' he repeiaed of what he had dime, and a. .o6n ..
hUaiter wa. worn off, hi. alltction. were kin-,
' dledXin And. indeed. Ihp>in0 of lu.d,.
,re,^rher was .0 atdei.t. that he could not
t "nk .he wai dead, but "wol.ld^»Wear umlerh..
d lordets'to .pcakto her as if .he were .till alive.
,ai"e Were beUer inslructe.l by t>"'«. ^h*" »»»
,- Irefawd trouble, now .Be wa» dead. »PI«?'*1 »•
U^at aw !>>• affection had been^for her wV'e ihe-
■ waslivingL. ' V*
CHAP. xxni.
hUuHht SontiifJ^Iariamnt: Mlip»
Jredbifore th.m. They art aceuitd
,„ ^Mh andHcroiii reconciltd to ihtm.
\ i NOW Marianine-. son. w«re heir, to that
Ifairedw'hicfihad be«n borne their mother, andfl
when they considered the, greatness of .Herod .
rriiie towards her. they ^ere suspiciou. of him
as of anTnemy of their/; and this first while they
«ere educated at Rome, but .till more when
Thev W"* returned to Judea. Th'« temperjt
thefrs increased upon them, as they grew up*
be men; and when they were come to an _agc fit
foVltariiage. the one of tliem married their aunt
. u i.f r. rt ifeti>rnr'f»tm'yfc«'';.i^ ^
dciicv Of IU» Droiner. who wa. in the like dangt*
w",?him"lf. he.tla.t bewailed the crafun..*
5- A-tiWro-d 'he diHT-c* th'y .«^™^fl
He wa.ei»bledal.o to justify bim.elf, not only
by a cTearconftience. wrfich he wrried With him
. '..•••.. :l jA-.^„^^. fr>r he wtatt.hrcwd mat
butbytii'
in maliini
that if h
was in hi
all the
"■ *.
' '■■ ■■•'.
>' ■ . ,- ! ■'■
■ .V .;
%
them
him ih
Hiid IV
i . .-,
and ll
writti
,
S^Vi^mSS al^fwhcn lAa. nftHld of being .lain b;
Auju»tu., Ant. b. iv. ch, Ul. sect. j. ^
lenc^; for he wTi p .hr^wd nun
' And upoit MS iHiymg at la«,
iected thi.,criine to them, IV
i)Ut them to^death, he^itia*
'p; and he Jjrought Caesar t(f
't the accuaation, and to je-
ler to them immediately. But
^ of their reconcili»lion were thew.
lid in all thing. b^Sbedient to their
Kpihat he .hould have jfewer to lea*.
mi to whicli of them he plea.ed. W
■^- the king came back from Koin ,
ive forgiven hi. .on. upon these
■till M, that he wa. not without ^)f
them. They were WloWWd by
wa. the fountaiu-hela of tho^
^did, not he openly dijcovcr hu
In revering him that *.'J. '«<=»]»•
t a. Herod .ailed byCllicia,he
hi^ I
Antii;
acctid
hatred .,
tiled tht
touibed
tTbatrtLwiindBleusa.nfterward called S«»"(«^
ne a r Cllifln. ha d te Itj h ijroy a j ptiaceof tlil. Ar r jieim.
?
"But a. Herod .ailed byXllicia,ne
Eleusa.t , where Afchelaus treated
,.«' a r CTi.-l..h« d t » 'rt h <i.rny a lMt«ceoftliteA> r nei.»^
> xvi.cb. i.8ect.7. m 'it
■■^
i,kViiK,,IUW«)l H^
Iroiii »u.:b!(h«l»^|
iiftw --■ "
?«
nnOK 1,-CHAP. XXIV, \
4:17
ItcKan all the Waji
1 before them.
Kble to bi'«r Ihit
lieq Ihev «»w him ■
na funiily. tlt4f)io-
I lUivblc to curiuia *
Byer they Were un-
licy hail at it. And
ly improve in th«t,
y exerciaed all hit
ry great, io Halter-
ring iiianylorH of
en, while he toll)
If, and put it upon
ither •torl«»,!i|5»init ,
|y«iit hill brt-llirea
ug to the kini^iloni;
|)ut into hii fBlher'»
dingly. *»• w»« MOt
ief iiiafUt df royaUf,
dem. He wat »(•»
I, mother again iato
«ort» of weapon" h«
thren.were (latte^
rtmeht matter* prH
le king had thought
Vie'tander as faf u
;b an attempt of poi-
lejiaiider could hard-
tliaving a Judge th»t
pater,' and more \i\tt
qjdcdlaying any jV-
fwitbgreatiHrenjifli
lMUin.«rlaifiigaioil ^
nonstrated the innor.
ras in the like danget
vailed the craflinen.
ace they werc^d".
tify llinnelf, not only
II he (tarried with him".
he w^ fi thrfwd m»a
poiti™ (laying at la«,
thi»,crime to them, 11
emto^cath, hertiadl
1 he Jjrougnt Ctesar t(f
iccusntion, and to re-
nt immediately. But
jncilillion were theie.
!;sb^ Gradient to their
Phavc jA)wer to lea"'
liem he pleated. T
ame back from 15011-
cu hi» Bona upon these
hat he wa» not without ^
"hey were fcllowfed hy
fountaiii-heffll of tbo^
he openly di»cover hi)
ig him that Ad rccon-
a sailed byCilicia,he
ere Afchelaus trealea
ifterward called SehatU,
.1 palace of tliJaAr r Jielg ".
Mi\ftBi,b. «»• P- »';J;.S!
H«it "An inland of Cnic".
vhose leatimonies are per
iMNueee the MilM biitorr
-kini
rillv
tliero in the \amX ohligi»g ni«nii<r, mid Wivr
biin ihmii» I'l-r ttie .li liMfmn • at hit «(iii-in-lii*,
Biid iva» liimh (iliii'ril nl lii. ir IrrniiiilialioiU
and iliis ihi.' mure, bernu.M' 1m> IihI lurmtr y
Wrill. II M hi* IVh ii'.Ik ill ItiHiii', Hint Ihr.y ttmiilil
be a«ii»tii(L' i'< Al' "imi'lir "t Ih-« Iriiil. Sn H<'
rimdii.-li <1 llirod "« liir >.'« ^' !•''> li"'"- ■""► """'•'
liiiii |.^^-.vlll1 tir ill' vulli. Ml if,iiiN liil.iiH,
5 ,\.)* wbni McriMl «.- c >.iiii' in Jiru»ttl<iii,
hu Knllierrd the n.-iplt' to-, llii r, iiiiil pr^i'iUed
totitMiii hi«tl»r.|V.i.». 1.11.1 fcine Ih.iil iili »I>«'I<>-
Vrllc'uccouiillrJl hi- "•'»•■"'' . 'i»i' "thiinkci) dod
Sri'Bllv, -ttml Ihiinli.ci Ci.iiir Rrnillv nU'i, f;>r
«llliii'iplii» hmm wlicii il win uiidiTiiistiirh-
ftiii'<"«, iiHil had proi-iireii <-.iiir.,ril aiiirmg hinVrun.
«hirh Hiti rtf CTiiiIrr (-(in't (imiicr thiiil ihi' kiiii,'-
doiii iMi. liiiil whiih I uill i;ind< r mil inure
firm; fur Cn'iiiir hiillj|««f iiUl).ju*"P«sy**.t" <"••
no^e 111' the povinti'iVrtffyiin'f'o-ni'l'"^"' '"}' *^'-'-
iiiiM.r. An (.rdiik'lv, in wiy "f nuiiilal for.lin
,indnn«, itiiii 111 tri'ler to phuiili' Ut mini' "wu
rr, I do (ij rlure, lliiil tin <e ihri i' »iiili« "f
Mino *liall be K\f^. .And. in lb.- Ctr.f plmu, I
pray fur ihi' n|i|>*iilialloii of (iod ti> nimt I mii
about; and, in l(ie iiejt pliire, I ilimrr vournp-
Crnhiitiiin. Thi-Si^i' uf our ol IhiMii, niid tiiiMM-
ililv i.f thcolla'r lwo„>h™ild proiiirc lh< m llir
Ml«C<!»«ion. N/i. iiule<il, my kiiiKiliini ih ■,;
largi', that iMnaA be miljii'iriit Viv iiinir knii:'.
Wow do y«if kr<-i) tliox- Tii lluir |>lm-r» uliniii
f.'icea'f Imilr j>)iiit'.l, iiml lli'ir iiiHur halliiipi 'linl-
y\; nftrf do iiiit joil ]'»y iindtic or iiiininil rr-
'suerti ti> Ihrm, lint to CKiv iHir ncciirclinp In
the piti^igiirivi- ul lliril' Iviilii'; I'nr hr thiil \l■^^^
rucU r«»fiirt* iiintnly, will lit ri !iv iicil ni-ik<' liim
tlint U ii'tniirid liinond wliut li!t ii|;c rnitiiiiH
»o inyfiiL^aa he will iiinkr liiin ihiil is di^iliunnii (I
itDrrowfnl.' At for the kinilnil iind/riiiiil- tliat
uve lo coinW'e with lh< III, I Will a|i|ioiiit Ihiiii
Id rnrh oi; Ihnn, nml «ill -o ri>n«tiliilr Ihiiii,
that they may be sccniiljn I'li* their rcncunl ; in
will knciwi^g, that tin; ill li iii|iii-9 lif 'fh(i»i' wilh
whom ihiyjconnTBc, will pjjnldi;* (|uarf<U anil
rniileuliaiW;aniolM|tluilfe but thai, il those with
Ikhitf Ihryj ci»iiTW»e BWJP'V""'' tmiptr*, tluy
•Kvilrprcii'ervt'llitii^-naliiiiil a%ti..iH I'ui' )me mi-
oihur, iJut Mill I di'sirr, lliiirufll lliKc uidy, bnt
all Ihri captaiiH of my ftiiiiv, W!ft< , for the iin.-
wnt, their hopes |ilarj;(^^on nic ntt^ir; I'm- i (li>
not .(;ivc' nwrn,' my kiiif;iloin to llniHc iiiy miis,
biit gire them rn>al. Iimiors "liili ; wliircliy'il
Will lOiiie til |iiW», iliat thoy will " iijny llif' sw.ii t
parts of govfiiuiitnt as riiltra Ihiiiisclviv but
(hat the ^iiriUn otothe >idi,fij|)|if({^i>ti'^il wdl mi
"Aiul lit
I'l have
;-hbia|||X<r-'
<rt,biMi mav
I ■ ■ ■«I»*''J
luxurioul wajr»«|WWil^ as vutsi
when thev arc yoii'ri|ii7llihd we' linvi-
„,\'^Bjn' in roligioui ■MlwaMla (Joil, <hii\ wi-(l[liinft,
BiOH to.hi>i)e \vii-|mi»,varrivc i^ ,l^v^■rJ grcii
jige. 'lJutA-<i>f,#ii<;)i as cuhiValr ii (ilnjdsliip^iti
my sons; so lia i(jS'ii|iv''ttV tiiy ■•'4«!»tt.|i<cliim, 'tiny
ahall be piiuijhrdBy iiif on tht^ir utrdujiw* (wvi
not one w^ envy iiiy own rlii^ini'cii, timl thvi^-r:
fiftc iarbiiypiJi lopnyttem great r>-pet't;'>"t
1 know that sbcli [<Mnivag«ntJ reaptcta |ii; the
' *»y to make them innolent. ,^AnJ ifewifT'Oiif
that comes near jthenidocii tnit nevidve lliis in
I mind) that flf n*} prfivta n good man, he shall
(njmmt; that if he prbvea »<•-
1 complaisance ahiifl get
to whom it is shown; I
of my side, that ia, of
(111 be for their advantage
be At conruril with theiu,
children, redcet upo^the
by wiiose melius natural
7'Ar JilHlicr-n/.liiliimli rami l)ori$
it veftf intriisif vn fi/<i/'6(/rfi'st'trr
inndr this rii-oiiritialnm nmiin]( us: and, in (h*
third pliiris ri lint iipirii nie, win) entreat yiiu to
lid what I havr imwerlixiiiiiniHiMl ynu: I'ontinue-
bri thrrti,' I give yan riiviiluarMiiiils, aivl royal
honors; ;iiiil 1 pray In tii"' '"' priserve what I
liavr (Ji-t'i i;iiiiiif n, in.i;alii> \nit |ti> nl. i-tnu'onl iipa
with iiniillnr." .. Whi n IhV kiiitf hail thus spoken,
and liail laliiled every uni; of lii* »'>i)« alter an
tilili);itlK inaniiir, hi* (U>niissid ihe innllitiiile.
•iime of tvltiiiii );av<t tlx ir n«<:inl li> nhal he lia<.i.
•aid, rtnd wi»hi d it iniulil tiiKe i ili if wiunliiigly ; .
bill lor llioT vvhii wrjsni'd fi>r,ii chaiige of allairs,
till I prifi iiili'il lli'iy (lid not so mni'h us biar
wliiit he >aid.
CIIAI'. XXIV. V
lUtnmlrr
ccDiint. thrilil:
liurJunii l'^^frorks.^.u•Jmu^.llt.^'l^|ll,|■ll•l,n»l^ Sii'
-"AiMIr, ti'/iom »<, KMi "' (" innkf iiiiirM^ iimiinif
ffiilli. Htruil'tKunuchtnri UirlurtJ/'lflnd.lttj-
a;i(/i rif fciiUttJi /"%.•
Jl. ItfT now the nuarrihhivi WIS. •>''twri;n them, ^
still a'fnmplrtlieil ihne lirelhKrii when the) piilt- .
trl, and the nisiiiduiis ihey had one of ihi-iilhtr
Itri u wo'se. All Miinler and Arisiobidiis Were
iniit'h girioyed that tin (H-ivileije iif the lirst-Imrn
Hill roJiBrmed to Antiiialir, as was Anlipale^'
ni'T iingi'y lit iis bretlirin, tint Ihey were 10
siin . ed luni. Hut linn this la-t bring ot a dis-
pn«i/iiiii thai was mntalile: and pcdiUc, he knew
lii)'\v*lo liold hi_s loliKnr, and nsiil a ureal deal of
rnnnmu. and llienliy conii ah d the hatred he
liiii'i 111 Ihini; while'llie fiiriiKr, deprndiiig oil
thr miliilily of their liirtbs, had ivery thing upon
t]n ir liMijjiies wliieji was in tlieir inimls. Many
also iliere Wire who provoked Iheiii fnrthrr,miu
inain of their [seeming] friends insiiinalrd theiii-
SI Ives into their ni(|iiaintanie, Io spy out what
till V dill. i\.iw every lhin"t that was said by
AliNander waV pres.nily l)ii>in;hl to Anlipater,
rind I'liim Antipaler it was-bruuj;ht to Herod
wilh ailditiom^. ^or rouM the young man say
niiv thing in lh(' simplirity of his heart, without
giving olli lire, but what he said was sUll Inrned
111 lalnninv against hiiii. Ainl if he had been at
ujiy ti li little fne in his iciiiVrrsiition, great
im'fiiilalions wire lurKed from the Smullisi uiia-
sioiis. Aiili|ialer also wail periiilnally silling
sii|ue to priiviike him In speak, thiil the lies hu
ruiviil il' liiiu might serin to have some foiindiii
li.iii ol iriillf; aail if, aiining the many storii s
that Were given out, but one of ihiHi could be
4>rmed-tr«<»v-«l»a<-««*'»uf»p'^'*sLl'iii"|''.'' '^"' ■■*"'
to be true ulsn. And as Io AiilJ|il»iel''yfriends,
(hi)" were all either naturally so rijtions in
speaking, or^hiul been so far bribed /o ronceal
llieir thoiights,- thai nothing of ihesi'/graiid ae-
"rrtls got iiiw/'iad by their nii ails. A'drWiouldone
br'iiijstaken if he willed the life of \\l«ipnlrr a
inyst*rv op'wirkVdness; for he ilthei'ei^rgpted
even jtiiiohg wildbitaats;
yst*rv op'i ^ ,,
[eXinh*T's uiiniiuiiluBCeWilh ley, or &)t into
iririiijaf bjWivt'ffHsir iw wfiWi rsb-ti^ > •
inril ail j^s d(\si;(Ms, i)mb|fe""S''' Ihiuf to hi;i»hy- ,
leir rtiaalrr-f n\l ttJ^traWH a w^,iid reveal either
what be jliiI*or\8aiil. 'rhus'Tlid he art a |.iirt
very cunrtiiijilj iii nll>poinl«.aad wrought hiniseff^- '.
■^u■ims|mg^•^||his\^lll^flllliies, wj^lli th* gfealest
shriwlnttf ; 'J'hijA lie pnt on^i moe as if he Wire i^^-,
lUMiid'Wllher Jw iil,eiiinilrr and AristatonluH, but >
suborned other mm lo.Jnli'rni of ^hat: (ll*y, did ■*%
(gdj^'roil. Anil.j.li(mriiij,lhingwa« (old against .
fSrtamJer, heJaiSuWioMie m'and prc(riid fii^be ,
of his*ide,l aiid wotikl l)<ti|dil^ contradiit what
iBBrsaiit Jilt wonldJfir/WnTlPcpntrivr ninltrrt
'^.rivXWbiilSlh'ilin^' sl".olJ>(f#<. 2J^i<l«JJ-
nation at him. ***«6«l»d^«'i" «Wtf thiUKSt lay
aplot, and to uiaki- ilW^belil.vedlhnt Alexnmler
lay in iijjkijMoJvilNiis father; for nolhin«;h(rordeil
So great a tonfi r n i aliun UiJLUtf e calu i nn i es aa did
^
•IK
*^'«0-
II
inlipafer'aVpologles for'liiiiu
reflect tipbaCiesar, who hatl^ 2. 'By these methods Hetod, *a)k..MiSnie3",
' WA$« OF THE JEWa.
438
,„d. I. much » hi» ii»wr«l i»tf«ct.oiit<>,lb« young
ui«u <liJ "very il.y .liiiiini.li, w much dnl it jt •
ctinea lo the tiuiW cOIkIucI, •oiut. ol llHirowii
ucionl. .na i>th»r. by i\,» kiiiK'i (iyuM,i.o«. d.
chil.lr.u t for AnlipM.r «»• -H ■" "'l • ;»'' "»•
..Mlhi.h.tt«ret»p«rtv.f«ll •" AUxniKltr. Ami-
i'hi 8.v« .X.U.I .p..H.t them. ""J «»• J°" I
imr»h than « ihtiwiiotlHsr, »n.l oM« ll"H •>»••» V"
lU. All mrn .lid thcrcforo «lr*t.ly l"'/'f ""
"".ry bo.ly [from ll.. br.th«n.] h« '"fVotC K'";'
thii. ihar/u lo hi* niott inliiiiHe frl*iitl», ihol lh«>
.houM iVot coin, ant, iior p.y .ny »K?™ '"
AUvan.lir. br lo hi> friend.. H-rod «..« uU. .«-
wnir terrible, not only la hit doni.M.lic, about the
" rl.but to hi. friend.. broad; tor <<•"''•
Kiven .urh « privilege to no oth.f ^''-B.^. « H
Kiven U, him, which wa. thl.. that he u.iKht fetch
ftack .nv one that lied from hin.. .yen out pf a
city tha't wa. not un.ler h.. own J""'''" ' 1.,;
Now the young men were not aiNiuumled wit U
0.e calu«MUe/rai.ed aRainjl then.; or wh.
rea.on they could not 8""' ,"",','"? '*r.h,^li.
tliem. but fell under them; lor their (.itherdnl
not Mke any public complaint. »K».n.t either
S? tl eVn; thougli in a liltfo time they perceived
ho«» tl ig. wire, by hi. coldne." to them, and
K the g?eat ^un^la.rne., he .howe.l «,K.n »ny
lliinir that troubled him. Antipuler had aUo
imd? their uncle Fherora. to be their enemy. a»
wdl a. their aunt Salome, while he w«. ..Way.
t^lilnB with her. a. with a wile ami irr.tut.nB
J^'r .Rain.t them. Moreover. A exa..der.wil»,
t;ial.hyra. augmented thl. hatrcil agi.in.t them,
ty lle'riving <V "»:'*!:l?..'^!^..r.ri'X ^l
^er;;^; .:::r-p;ite;djn^h.t..i;ewa.a
fady .iperior to all other, in that k>««g'lo»'. "
beme TriVed by her father'. ..de from len.e-
nu ° end by her mother-, .ide from^Darm.. h«
W„ of Hy.ta.pe.. She aUo tre.iuent»y «P'»«^-
ed HeroilV.ilTer and wive. Wl>l. the .s.iob.l.ty
'? their de.cent: and that they were •= very one
chosen by hinf lor their beauty, but not lor heir
faniUy. Now those wive, ol hi. were not u lew,
it being of old ,«rmitted to the Jew* U, marry
lanvwive,;* a'ud thl. king delighted in many,
all of whom hated Alexander, on account ol Ula-
nbyra". boarting and reproaches.
a Nay. Ari.tobulu. Wd raised a quarrel be-
tween himwlf and Salome, who wa. hi. n.other-
m-law. beVide. the anger he had conceived at
iilanhyra'. reproaches; for he perpetually up-
• braided hi, wife with the nie.nne.,..l her family,
."d conmlaine.1. that a. hd had m..rriedtt woman
n? a low family. »o had hi. brother Alexander
maJrieToneo- royal blo6d. At this Salome'.
Sterwept. and told it her with thi, addition,
that^ Alexander threatened the ..Uother. of hi.
other brethren, that when he ihould come to the
crown, he would make thini weave with their
maWei." ancf would make\hose brother, of hi,
• ru„try.choolm...ter.; andjbroke thi. je.t^upon
Uiem, that they had been V^ry carefully in.truct-
ed to 6t then, for »uch an ^niployraei.t. Here-
• upon Sa»ome could not coi^tain her anger, but
told all to Herod ; nor couldihcf testimony be sus-
i«cted, .ince it wa. igam.t her own ,on-in-law.
¥^iere wa. al.o anottier calumny that "U abroad,
and inflamed th? king'* mind; for he heard that
•ThatltwaiinimmemoriaSjIiitomamongtheJewi,
.n dthelrtortftl h.".»i.« palrlai!l...to!iaTeK>metUiKW
theMtio... «f hi. wer« periwtually .peakmg of
the.r n.hlher, and n.noi.g their lanimlation. for
her, did not abstain Ir.im fur.ing hlm,^ and that
when Imi hail ii.u.le presents of any of Mariaiii-
ne'. Kurmcnt. to hi* later wive., th.'w threalea.
,d, that in a liUl.; lime, instead of royal gar
mruls. tliey woald clothe them in no better ttaan
haircloth. , . n ,
4. Niiw upon these acc.^uuU. though Hercl
wa. ..rtuewhui ufrni.l of the youiig men . high
■iilril. yet did ho m.t de.piiif ol reilu.ing Ihrin i»
»' heller imml ; but beloru: he went lo Km.ie,
whither he was now going »fy tea. ho called them
•to him. and partly ihrenteintd then; a litlle, as*
kinu; but for the inuii., he ui.lmonishwl fheni a. »
lather, ami «»h.»rled li.em l|o love their brethren,
and told them that he woiild i«tdoil iheirfor.i.tr
ofledces. if they would n.nend for the ti..»- to
c.m.e;. But Ihey reluteil th<- calumn.e. th..t l.ii.i
l,«. .. raiso.l of tjien.. ami said they »*or« false,
and allege.! that li.eir itctions were .ufficient fur
Iheir vindicatiun. and .aid. withal, that he h.m-
« If ought tij.hu^ hi. ear. against suCli «al';«. '"«!
not be too easy in bvli«vinK them, for H'".! h '«
would never f>« wnnting those that wouU l.a
lie, to their .liwdvanlage. a« long a. any would
"2tvc-<w«ao Iheni. .^ , i ■
S. VVhtinhliT 4hm1 lh.-.» *oo.i pacified him, ts
being their father, th.k go^ efear of the pr. stnt
I iVar Ihey were in. Vet JkI; iKey .eo oCchmoi,
(„r sorrow in .ol^e Uine aflcrivard: for Ihey
knew that Salo'we, aa Wellla. IhWr UBt;le/h^-
raras, wer* '.Iieir ei.e|nic.( who »V^r" •""" S'
them heavy and .overe perton., aKd i.liecialW
I'hcrnn.., who w... a partner With Mi^rojlinall
Ahv affair, of the ki«g.lo..., ciceptmL' hi. diattein
He had »l.o a huiidre.1 talent. <5f hi. W reve-
nue, andenioyed the advantage of allShe land
bev..iid Jordan, wl«>(b he haJreceivtdV. a gill
from hi. brother, If* who had -asked o(\Ca«r
to inakc him a telrafch, a. be was ...ado ato.r.1- ,
initly. lt< rod had ulso given hllu a wile oht <.l
the roval family, who tva. no^other than hi. h»n
wife'.'.ister. an<l after her death had .oleiuV/
e.pousedto him b'i», own eldest daughter. withXa.
dowry of three hundred talents: lut l-herora^
refused to cuii.ui.imate thi. royal marriage oulV
,.f hi. afli-clion to n i.iaid-.crvaiit of hi., bpo.i \
coDciiMMi. ilian one ai ibe
ly wa« not directly /or.
rldent; hut tliat,p«/r>
. dbiknctly j>«n«i(f «l In that
here cited by Dean Aldricb.
I»deea.anywher«*ta».
which account Herod wa. very ftugrv. and ga-.e
that .laughter in iiiarriuge to a btolherii .on^ol
hii [Joieph.] who wa. .lain afterward by Ih.
I'irthian.; but in wm'« time be laid aside his au-
ger against I'heroft... a.fti pardo.ied him, a. oil.
not able to overcome hi. foolish pa.sion fpr the
maid-aervitnl. °V . . , , k,
6 Nay, l'herora»\h«d been accu.ed long be-
fore, while the ciueeiV Marjamne was alive, a. il
he were in n plot td| poison Hero.1; and ther«
came then su great a iiiimVer of informer., ihat
Herod himseli; ihougH he wa. an exceeding over
of hi. brethren, wa.ibiH>«ghl to believe what was
.aid, and to be afraiBfoif it ul.05 and when he hnd
brought many of tliVse tha^l'^were under .us(.i-
Cion to the torttir*, bt"""*. »».!»" *° """""'f' t
own (Viend.; none ofwhich did owiily confess
the crime, but they 3*l*d that he had made pr^ ^
paratiou to take h* wlioti be loved, and i*^
Lway to the I'artbiaWfe Co8tob.ru. aUo, the bus.
band of Salome, to Mm the king bad given hei
in marriage, aftef be> former biitband had been
put to death for adultery, wa» instrumental in ,
trinKing about thi. contnvance and flight Pf hi..
Nor did Salome eKape all calumny unon her.ell;
for her brother Pherora. accu.i.d her, ttiat .he *ad
made an agreement to marry S) lieu., the procu-
Ham not aDD«ar tome. And wb^lihir Savkinr My.
JSSit The ?Sirii«. Jewl.h divorc%*. which may l«J(,
"yy* - ■ „ ... .. lain ,6 n ucli » iwrmH . lon t ha n fdr
^y Sem^to me true in thii c... «l«; that Mose..
STtSi^rdne^f Oieir h«rl.,.«ircr«Jthem tohav.
■everal wlvea^thii Wie «nie, bul that /r.« tk, f
gitming it scM «•( «^Uatt. xlx. e, Mark X- 3-
more wl»«i,or wlvoa and
tame time, and that thi. polyxa
Wileainthe lawof MOM..1. ■
rami wa. ever properly and
Taw of Mow., In the place* I
Jkttt. x»li. W. !'?> or xxi. 15, or
\
illy ipctkiag of
liiiiirHiHlii>ii> Tur
iK lilni; mill that
miv ui' Murimii-
, llii'M^ tliri'iitcii'
il «f r»i)iil |t»r-
in nil btil'.cr man
I, (IioukIi llrriiil
iiuiiK invn'ii hl|;h
rvilui'iiiK (hriii lii
wrnt III Kiiiiic,
'h, Ii« cuIIviI tlii^iu
liciil n litll«< »• *
luitlir.il thtni m >
>v« llicir lirvliirrn,
itduil (hcirfuriiiti
il for till- (iiiir (u
■luiiinifi (hut lidii
xhry »*i>r« ful«-,
vci'c tiiflieicnt iur
thill, tliut lie him-
Hit ludi !»)•:•. mill
cm, for (Imt the re
a ihiit tvutilil till
uug an Knjr would
III |mci Aril liini, u
uf lh«! |in piwit
ley leo oc'cHniun
itriyiwili for th«y •
I lliWr uncle Hlit-
iliO wcrti horn uf
}Dt, bKiI <»|)ecittllv
with M«roil iii«ll
;e|ilini; hi* dia'tttlii.
1 <5f (ii»Wi|i ri'Vi-
ig« of iill)t'h« Uiiil
(rr<'ceivtd\» » gift
imd'aaked ofyCa'nr
t wM made RCCiiril-
hiUi a wife oiil i>l
other than hi* hvn
ItatU had ioleiimly
■t daughter, witn>.
lent*: but Fhtronrtl
rojal marriage out\
rvalit of hi». t'poii
ry ftiigry, and gave
u bsutlii<r'» ion ol
I afterward by Ihi
bi« laid anide hli an-
irdoiitd hiin,.a< oiit
lish pustion for lliv
in accused long ^■
ine waa alive, ai if
ileroil ; and lher«
ir Of infornien.ihat
nan exceeding lover
to believe what was
lo; and when he had
'Svere under »U8(ii-
ai last to I'hcroras's
I did o|iciily confeis_
lat he had iuad« frO ,^
I be loved, and ^mfft-
obarua also, the hus-
e king had given bei
r hiiiband had bean
wai inttruineptal in .
nee and flight of hi>.
aluniny upon heratlfj
ised her, that ahe -had
f S) Ileus, the procu-
ivhat (iur Savloiir sap
rorcea,' which may !«)( ,
than p<>t<j'
•-^BOOK 1,-CHAP. XUV
ntor of Obo<l«a,\kim of Ambia.whowas at a bit-
ter ♦niuitW with Mi r.idi but when she was con-
victed of this, aii\l of all that I'hrrorat had •«•
Cfised her of, she ^h<ain«d lier panliin. The king
mI.ii iianloned I'h^foraa hMusrlf the crimes he
had been ace used. iM
1 Hut the stoertTwf iJie wlw'le family was r«'
moved to AUta'ldr^
his head. Thel"* we'
and all of it rested upon
three eunuchs who were
in the hi«hest etleem\with the kliig,^ as w»» plain
by the olViie;! they we>e in abniil him! for one of
fort to II
iqi, after he had bound his son
430
that it
permtt s lon
case also; that Mosei,
1, siilTcreil them to have
t, but that fram tkt *«
[.e, Mark 1. 1.
by.... , J — 1- ■ ,
thrill was iip|K;iiilril tiii be his butler, anirther ot
them got his supper rejuly for him, and the third
put hijii into bed, and hiy down bv him. Now
Aleiaiider .hail prevailvd with these men, by
large gifts, *o li't him uW thtil'after ah obscene
manueri which, when iV was told to the kinX,
\\»if were tortured, and Ibund guilty, and pre-
■tllly co'iifessed the cnmiital conversation he had
with theni. They alio discovered the promisef
by which thev Were iiiduceil so to do, and how
they were defuded by Alei*n<ler, who had tolil
thvm. thai "they ought iio\ to fli their hopes
upon Herod, an old man. aiiAone so shaineleM
as to color his hair, unless Wiey thought that
would make him young ag«in\ but they ought
Ift.li their attention on hiiu, wlW was to be hi*
siMKceKsor in the kingdom whethrt^ ho would or
ml ; and Who in no long time ivould avenge him-
self on his enemies, and maVe his friends happy
uiid blessed, and themselves in the lirst phice :
that the men of 'power did alreadv fmy respects
to AMandtr privately; aild that the captains of
the soldiery, and the oAicers, did secretly come
to him." " • ,
8. These confessions did so terrify Ilerod, that
be durst not imiueil lately publish iliein; biit he
sent spies abroad privately by night and bv day,
«vha should make, a close inquiry alter all that
was dune and said ; and when any were but sus-
[lected [of trensoii,]. he put them to death, in«o-
inuch tliat the palace was full of horribly uiuust
pr<ice«dings, for eVery boily forjfed ealuinnies,
as they were (heiiisilves in n slate uf enuiily or
hatred against others; and iiiaii^ there were who
abiised tne k'ing's bloo;(ly' passion to the disad-
vantaee of those/ with whom they had (juarrels,
and lies were rnsily believed, and piinishmeuls
Vere inflicted sooner than the cnlumiiiea were
forged: he who had just theu been accusing nmi-
ther, was accused himself, liml wii« led away to
eiecution together #illb him whom lie Iml. con-
victed; ht the danger the kin;( wiia in of his life
madi examinations be very short, He also pro-
(eed^d to such u degree of bitterness, that he
could nut look on any of those that were not ac-
cused with a pleasant countenance, but was in
the most barbarous ilts|x>9itioii towards his own
friends. Accordingly, he forbade a great many
of them to come to court, and to those whom he
ad not iHiwer to punish actually, he rspoke
■ ■■ ' htipaler, be iiitiilted Alexah-
iiidef his iliisforluncs, and got
of his kindred'together, and
[f calumny against hiiu: and fur
vjiis brought to suCh a degrree of ter-
i»i iiriidii^ious slanders and cuntrivan-
.faiichid he saw Alexander eoiniug
a! drawn sword in his hand; so he
be seiied Apon iiiimediately and
' to examining his frieiuls'by lor-
^VI)oni d^ed [iinder the torture'] but
thing, nor say any thing against
hccs^ but some of them, oeinc
ii^k falsely by the pains they endured,
said that ANxtnder, aotf his br«t<i«|rAristobulua,
■plotted against him, and waited for an opportu-
nity to. kill him ai-he wak hunting, ahd then fly
away to RoTue- Theie'acguaatioits, though they
. ■> weM )>f an incredible nature, and oiriy framed
Mipph the great dis^ren they. wei« in, vyere readily
> believed by the kiiig, who ihookbt it (pnteconi-
ighl a{i|i«ar he had mit'done it ui^ustly
-CHAP. X)(V.
JlrckiUut praeurti NnimfiUalion fc/(ie«ii JlUa-
anJtr, I'ktrvrat, amtJItrwI.
I I. >iiw as to Alexander,' since he perceived
it impossible til persuade his father j lhii4 he w**
inniiceuKI he resiilvnd to inert his calsmitirs, hoW
set ere ijoever they were; sii he cum^Nifsd four
books against his enemies; and ronlessed that K*
had beeA in a phit; but declared withal that the-
Xrealestl iMtt |iif the rou^liers] were in a plot
with hiirii, and chiefly llieniru* and Salirtiie; nay,
that Saljiiiie uiice came and forced hurt Id lie ttith
her in ^he nightjiiiie, whether he wouhl or np.
'Fhe»u bjioks wri'e put into llenxl's hands, and
made a i^rrai clamor against the nieii in luiwer. •
And now it, was that Archelnus came hastily into
Judea, 4* bejng nirrighted fur his son-in-law, and
his tiaughterr and he came as a pro(ier ussislaiir,
ami in ai'vftry iwudent manner, aiidby a strata^
yem baiobligeil ihe king not In execute what h«.;
hail thr^iiteue<l ; fur when he whs Conie to hilll«'
he cried out, ".Whure in the worhl isthis wretch-
ed son-iii-law of mine I Where i|hiill i »ee th*
head of 'him whorhiiL Contrived to inyrder his
father, which | will tea,r to nieces tyith my ii«|k °
hands f I will do the iiame niao to niv daii)(bMt
Who hatb su^ a fine husband : fur althiMiKhllM .
be not it |isrtner III llie ph>l, yet, by being the
wife of Such a Creature, she is polluted. And I
cannuti Mit niliiiire at tlij' pat'ieiKe, against whom
l)iis plt>t! is laid, if AleAinder liMlill alive; for as
I c»kii« ifvith what haste I could irulu ('appixliicia,
I expei-tied <o find him put to death for his crime*
lung art); but slilLin order to imkf an examina-
tion Willi thee alhiut my (laujjhur, whom out of'
reganlto thee, and thy dignit}, I had es|H>uscd
to him hi marriage; but now we must~1nkc JfoAl*-
sel abiiut Iheiii boili; and. if thy paternal aflei;-
tion bil So great, lliuf thou canst not punish thy
son, who hath plotted against thee, let us I'liange
yshly ; UI
der. III
a stt^ut'
nisei
tbe km)
ro* l»y tl
cas, that
' to him witi
caused hi|ii
b«uud, aj '
torci mi
would d
their eoi
forced to
our right hands, and let ua si/tiVeil> ono to I
othvr m. expressing our rage u|iun this occasion."
2. VViien he had made this pumjxius declara-
tion, he got lleroilttn remit uf his aii^er, Ihuugh
he was in disorder, who Ihereujion gave liiiii the
books which Alexander had coni|ioi»ed l6 bew'ad
by hinii and as he came to every head, J'
sideredlof it, logWtherwilb HeruJ. So Ari
took h<4icc the iiccation for that stratagem W
he madL- use of, and by degrees he laid the blame
,on llioHl' men wliose iiuuivs were in tlief,i! books,
and es|ii;cially upun I'heroriw; aild when he saw
that the'king believed him l^to lie in earnent,] he
said, 'yi^f6 must consider whether the young man
bi> not Hinisejf pli'tt^d against by such a number
of wicked wretches, and not thou plotted ajraii^t
by the joung iiino; for I c«nnot me ajfiy occii-
>ion for his falling ,i»»o Sii horrid a crime, since
he enjoys the advanlaws of royalty already, and
has the expectation of being oiiu of thy succes-
sors; I mean this, unless there' Were some jier-
sons that persuad^ him to it, ami such persons aa
lAake an ill use of the .facility they know there is
to iiersuade young nieh; for 'by such persons, not
only young mtn are soiiielimes imposed upon,
but old men also, and f)y them snmetinivs are tho
moat illustrious families and kingdoms overturn-
ed." ■.■■•-
^. Herod assented to what he had 'said, M,
hv degrees, abated of his nngAr against Alexan-
(Ifef'^ut was mure angry bt PhAroras; for the
fSincL^ subject of the four bnoVs was ItherO'
im^"^*" "' " "" ' '
ras,
ctiani
ajt the king^ inclinofioni
ind ihafArclielaus's friend-
w-ilh h>ni,'*n(l. that ha
f~ prtser vih|i; liiniielf,
nee. Sq he
[a Arcbelaus.
V:
.^
\VA1»» «J*' THK JKWH;
f ■
', '^•<^^
W
m, ti* <l lii^< Thai "h« diti Bol •«• hbw h» i'i|ut>t
it hlfM >'xl'««iil, now \m w'M ilirHtly niiialil IM
HMiif' train <. wliirrliy It «»« niiliiiil) ■'■
inAl>Vtlril lliHl he hml (ilolKtl
_. ij hml lut'ii llit< ('HUM' «{ '
whirli lliC JiiiinK iiiiili Win ■!).- _ ^
nuiilil liM«r»c>»fr I<'»vp oil' Wn CMimli'li l>i>«v«ri,
NHil hit tIcniiiU nf wimt In wm ■ liiirxf^ « i*l>"l,<
iiri4 (;i>nl'<M Ihn rhurKi', iind iiii|il>in- |i#il<>n nl
III! Iiinllur, who Hill Iwil II hill'liir" for Im" 1 ''"'
(hill if Ik would do Ko, li« would •Itorjl him nil
llii> iiR«i>lniii'i liu wii« Hhlf."
■4, \\\\.\\ thi* ndvM-o riiiTonw roinplH'd, mid
iiuiliiiK hiiiKill' into mii'tl * llfllbl'ii> iiHKhl Hio^t
iiiuvo I'UiinMoioii, hi' tuillia wilh blticli rioth U|«>B
It i I A .^1..- ....__ KKil Al.vdiur tlllimtill
ArrhtUiK «m itoiMg «w»jr.*lt»r™l mulr liliii *
nrvf m iif •rtriil) liiU'itls t*i<h It |(ohli II tbroM
»M wilh |irrriMii< irti •, itnd •oiiu: riiiiiirhi, knil
rnniMliiii* mIio Win iiilird I'mmvi hn. Il» *Ki
- I du^ionorn 1<» ^vvrjf oni' of hii IriMid* v-
Irtliii^Blhiird^hiH. In Ukf imtr. l»r dti( i)ll
I Ihr kinu't lunilrt-il, hji hi. comilmiid, iimkr uln
riouil fTH<i''« lo \ritn'liiu»i imd "O hr w n r.iB-
lliicii'd on hia wiiy hy llrrod and hi* iiubililjr-m
bf M Antiptil. ^IL
y- VMSV. XXVI.
//oip "V.^vritltt* ratiimMinltil ll>$ Sunt nf Man-
umncnnii /ium)<*« . I I'lilufry if Kuraluiifi.iii
for Ihfm Imil W> fj/'icl,
{ I. Now ■' lillli* ■ftiTWiinl Ihi-r* ciini<> intn
move COIIIIW»»l"ll, in- khiiio wmi «»iti' » « •''••■ "I"""-
„.: h. hHd do...,,.id r.,z^^^iur^ ij":'' •!"!=;.: ;\:!;\.r;r!^x::
thinK llint h" had bi'rn ni'vu>
ihftt divirilt^r ol' bw 4miid *i
Tlk lotv Co a Hfoliiiini hr Miid,
?i> whxH'.AridK'Iriu* had hro
Wlllll IH' IIHU IIOIIITi.- NItU i illlli -•»»■»■ 11. «. il^
iK-Uil '.nry WKlifdli, ami w»» ({uilty of »»«rf'
thinK Itinl U" had bi'rn BiouMid ot, uiid Imm ntfd,.
' Mul dulraclion whicw
,id, had brought him to.
iroii|{h< I'luToranJo iir-
^kUM! uiid Ixnr wilnt'» nxaintt hiniwjf- Ac thin
»mdi! an i-!ir:u»«. for him, irtid mitiHlti'il ♦l«'i'od'»
hiij(«r toward* him, ami thii by I'uUiK rirlain do-
*^lilr«ljc'»»um|il<iii "for Ihnt when Jii- hud nullrriiil
iiMiih guild r inimhii'l't fruiii abrolfn ruf lil^own,
i.\iu iirtTtrrcd the ol>li){iitioni< of iwturi' bifont th«'
&iiiuii uf revvn^r; bt'causi! ill* in ki!iK<><»>i»- (**-
It'ii'iii ((ro»» bodim, lylivri' toiiif imiiihur or
cilh.-wiif.ivtr iwilliil by Ih.' body'* w«MKht,, in
vvhiohvUni; it in niU |ito|X r to ml oH •mh iiKiii'
ber, liiit to h«iil it by ii i;i nllr'niHlidd uf rurc."
5. Vmn ArrlSi^uii'i lavin^ ihli, iiiyl liiuch
lliori' I.) tin- iiiim/ii"''l'''"'wJl'''''"''* '''"!'''■"*"'■'■
Mtmiii*' I'li'roriin win il|olirM|t .>'t did hii pT-
»fv«re ill bin owii iiiiii|Wlioil3l|jniml .McxiimWr,
lirfd niiul, \ir would Imvi- hia ittui.'ht»T divorri-d,'
nn.l liiktuiiiviiy IMJU 'linit itnil this till hr hml
liiouifl iMh^ id to tRkfltiiifii. that, MKriiry l».hi«
fUrmtrlBftor tflf^pi. JlC |«-t'i9»«d Arrhr-
Uu« forT|B^oun||[ umji,-^iind Ihnt he would b^
hi» daiishttt r.ontmhe f«|iou«od to him; hut Ar-
^h«:J»u^ iiinilt liiiii "inouKly bilir-yu thirt-hii would
pdriiul hfr loiujmiirricd to niiy one <l!i<', but not
to AIcxuiuMBIBhuik ho •IouIk d unoii it »• .41
V.ry valuHTiiilWnlBue, thnt lli«' JSptiuii Ihry
b»(f COMtracti'Wiy, tiijit alBmty. mid iVIjriv il. «.;»,
.thut-nriit »hm^ wit|i .ii, liil)jWl br |ir.M rM*,
And vvHoii thi' kriilK »alil, th:it hn Mill i)oj|i# |ni«'
thai n co^i'irMttion Ihnt bad b«f» to wiwly uiiili'
>wilh All tandi r, but provnl Ihii oiTH»iiin uf Im
^Min. III! win a l.atcdrnioninn. and hi« iiniai
Hvili Kurycli-t. He wai mi rorrupt a man, Ihnt
"i>ut<i(lh«4lnir« of Ki'ltHiR iiion»y, h; (h..«' v>
liva under ■ kinR, lor (irei<'e iiinltl no(;«iiillii:i
hi* liiitury. lie pn»eiilril llerod wilh »pli mild
(fill*, a* » bull whii'lrlj^l»id in nrder to row.
iin<« 4ii« eniU, and <|iflvr>ii-riviii|( thi ni Imrft
nKiiin nmnilVikJ; y< I iTidlic rile.-m biire ({ifMit
iiiilhiiiK, nnten* he iiiibriK'd the liiiiK<lnm in lilnml
by hi* nun'h8»( *. AiT<irdiii|{lj, he ijiipo*rd up.|ii
l'h« kiiiK bv (IntlifinK him, iind by^liilkinj; m*.
lilely lirbim, ii» iil»o b/ the l\iu|r iHCoiiiinni,
whii'h hivmiidi: n|Mn him; for a* ho icon p r-
trivid Herotl'* blind Hide, "o hn taid ami lii !
'every thinii tliitt liii){ht pleine biin, .iiid Ihenli;
bei-mno one o( hi« ino«*'iRliiii«le IrieniU; l.u
both th« kiiu and nil iIihI «*4p! about him. hint ;i
an ill NKtttd for thi* Spartnn on ucronul of Im
'Jouutry.t . 1 ,
^ 2. Now n* toon a* Ihiijellow perrelvid.lV
4>.tleii |«irl* of the fiimily, nnil wlint <|iinrril< llir
Bhilhi r* had one with iinother, and in wh:it ili<
u^fltian the fnlher wii« lownnU earh of them. In
rliixe 10 Inke hi* lod;{inK lit hr»t in the houm ot
Aiilipnter, but deludeif Alexander with 11 prf
leiireof frieiiiUfiip III htm,.nnd fwUely rlnimiii 1 1
bej^liid Rfipiuinliinre of Arrhelauii; for ivliirli
reaHFhe w«*^re»eiUly admilfed into Aletnu-
derTVumilinrilv, B« a Vnithful friend, lie iil<'i
»ooh ri rotmii ciiilM l himi<4i!ti' hi»d)rother Arntn-
Imlufc, And SPTn he jiiid Ihu* mnde Iriid ol
■' 'Se wviral |>er«oiMMjre impa»ed lipon one of
m liy one ii^tljjjm^nnd ii|>on nnotlier liy mi-
mher. Hut he win pMncipally hifed by Anti|)»-
ter, mill no 111 triived Aleximder, and thi* by te*
proaehins Alitipiilrr, benime. while he win (he
I'ldintavn. he nverlnoked- tl»e intriniie* ol tll*««
wlia nlqml in tlu' way of hi* exprrtatioiu; i*)d
t '.-1.1' A I .... .. _.l ..M l>..ma*iBiir riu iL'nn
Mill <)lilM> llixe iiiiiMfc> "•■'• -T""" '" J!'".' •■'■•,
dil.olvell.nt Miarriune. e.|iejrtly .irtPffi.y iJJW^th.m by one nvUltWVniirt ".I"'
already ebildrcfi betweeiitta»^ing man ajyl her,
and ni'iiee that wife of ll|^B|b'> wdl belov.i*!
by him, nnd that ns VhiM^HIiiiiBM Id* wile
she wouldUie u great pr«PPstive tV'him, -and
keep hiuTfro*. (irteiidiiijLAH he huit (ormi riy
done; «o if she i.h«lild be^ce toriintirny Irom
him. Him Would be the can»e of hi* falliiiK into
de»piiir ; Ikcuune surh younp men'* afteiiipl* are
.best mollified, whni they liri; diverted from theiii
by netlliiiK "'••'r iilleetiomi at homi'. So Arthe-
laut com|ilied with what llerod deiired, but not
without difliculty, and win both Itiiiiself rcron-
ciled to the vouiin man, and reroiicileil hi* father
to hjin iilno; However, lie »ai(l he must, by all
intan*, be mill to Konie to diwourse'willi CiP«Br,
brcuu^e he hud alreBily Written a fuU account to
liiin of (hi* whole iiiatu f.
" 6. Tliii* a period win put to xXirhelttUtiltnitB-
cem, wiwreby he d« livered hi* soii-bi-hiw out of
liy reproae|iin';; Alexiinder, becauae hevvhoi
born of a i|ueen, and wa* inurried to a kin:)
dnufthler, permitted one that wa» born of
meuii woman to lay rl.iim to the iiu.;ce*»ioii, nnd
thi* when he had Arehelau* to Bupport hini iit llie
iiioKt complete lunnner. JSor wn,* hi* ndvire
thouffht to be olhof ttian fuithful by the yoiitig
iiiB)i,bccau*eof hi* prriended friendship with Ar-
chelBUS: on which acconnt it wn» tliiit Alexin''
der iamented lo him Anlipnter'sdiehavior «ilh
r< Knr<l 'o hinmelf, and thi* without roncaahnt
iinv thing from him; and how jtwafno vvonilrr
ii^ llerod, after he hailjtilletrrieir iiiot)i«r,»li"»lil'
deprive them.Qf hrt' kingdom, lie also, bv a
I.-'. Ai...A.k:.f:...tir... I.:... ..*<».,;>
■ Iiiwoutol deprive inem.Qi ner kiii);uoiii. iie m,,.., -.. -
the'dmlKVrti'c"»»i;'i^^^^
"Ii lion* were over. theV spent their time in faa*!^ -SSytha iaiiieit nK*. Thii. dul he inveijrJe I olh
ingl u!.ra^reeablc eilletlainmeiu*^ "- '■"*'-' ^^ "-'"" '"" '"^'"•
♦Thhrfltfcllo
Ifyciei tlto tjicp<lcnioiiiin,acciiii
' ■' Ihv rininrfli,in
m i i ii i i wl i o I* ni'onl i nno i l hy riiiinrf h
t o have I — -.^ .,,...
t*cnly five year* helorea coui|>nnioii to Mnrk:Ant^iiy,
■ndaalivinxwitli llerod; vvheiirc lie niljtit en*)!* in-
Mnnale liiniBoir bilo Ilic aniuaininnre of lloroil • «on».
AnltnQi'rnnil .Mciamlcr. a»UHlier. llmUon, aiij f pan-
helm JiuMy mipiMwc Ti'e "•„»,m »vl.y hi. lieiiia a
Spartan tenilcrca hini acceptalili: lu Hiv Jawi) at we
»BV tn« Baiiie*iiiH|(;*. 1 imw um nc niT*,(iJ.; ■'■':"
the brother* 16 niake coniplainta of their tatlier,
here ace he lira«,li vliihlefrointlit puWIn reeoril* of [lie
.l.»»i.-< and Sparlaiia.ownliin tlioaa fiiartninlolie 0' '"j
■\.
liiyi ^^
loIlieJew«,"Biiil ilcrivcd from tlielr cuinliion aiirtM'ii
Alirahani, llie Hr»l palriarrh of lire Jewiuli nai"'1i
Antlij. h. xli. ch. iv. »ccl. 10; b xW.eb v sect. tf, arnll
Marr.b. xii rh. vil.
tS«* till) pieccdinc note - ' ,
i
^r?
}tnA riimlr kliit «
iiui rtiniirlM, mul
nvi III*. llriiKi
\t'\»% IriMliln tr.
If iiiitr. Irr tlnl i|ll
Uiniiil, luiikr (In
it >ii lir w II r<>n-
il hi* iiubililyu
f Hurafun'/Vm
il llirr* ciinir intn
ii|i*rii)r III Anhi"
III inily (iviriiirn
rii ••> wiHily iimlr
ID iiirniiiin ul Im
n, mill hi« iiniiii
rriipt a iiiHn, Unit
miiy, Hf ch'Ki' I'l
I'liilKI no<;#iiirn'i
iriHl with fpli mild
in nrilrr In riim>
friviii|( llii III limk
iliMiii liiire |{ifl» ii«
■ kliiicilnin ill lilii ul
j.lir ini|iuwil ii|i<)n
111 lijr'liiUimK 'm*-
luiif lltCciiiiiliiiii
ir lit no iooii |n r-
I h« nitl aivl 'ii'l
him. nnil llirri'i}
iiiiiilc Irii'niU; In
h aliout him, linit n
I on ucCiiiiiit nl' III!
How pprrpiviiKl'ii
I what i|iinrr<l< l!ir
r, anil ill wliiit iIk-
il««'«rh of lh<l». I"'
lir»l in Ihi' iiimii< o(
\niiil«r with II pre-
il liilacly rIftiiiiriJ I >
rlii'lnim; fur nlilrli
i)lf<!il into A If tail-
ul (rifnil. Ill' iil<'>
r lii^vlirnlhrr Aristn-
Umi« iiiHilr Iriiil^oi
p.»»ril «ii>(in mil' of
mn iinollicr liy iiii-
ly hifi-il liy Anli|)»-
cr, nnd tliii l>y v''
e, while he win (hf
* intrinii** of lll»«»
i cxprrlalioin; «|iit
licrauiie h« Avho i
miirricd In n kiii^l
tint »'«■ linrii uf
ihr iiih'cv4«ii>iii ax'l
lo unpiiort hiniiitllii'
Sior wmt hi< ntlviri'
iiithfiil by Ihr voHtig
il iVienil'tiiii with Ar-
il wn» lliiit AUTiaK*
nlcr'n'liehavior Kith
1 without ronjuMln'l?'
iwitWaf'mTH iinil"
TtiSiriiiol)i«r,»limilJ'
(iin. lie alsii, by a
>cur«J^Ari.«li)liiilu»lo
iliil he invtijrJ*' '"iih
luinli of their fiitlier,
hi puUiit tcMirili of lli«
MB Siiartnin lu lie of k\n
BOOK I.-CHAP. XXVII.
441
...I III.. laaQl to AnIiiMlar, ami rarrwil ihawi i pr»«#nlly onUrril ihnM man «o h» liirt«»<»l »•» .
aci'uuMi ... . . , . y,^
t^r, mill M UnKlh uniUrliiiik Iha work uf urin||
olhar aHitlKiii* he cuiilil, u|>iib
.■■
'%
M Aliiaiilrr aid ArUi-Uulu. lo Ihair ,ra»«. Alawadef .mi lb.nhi.Uu»r WM » forger, of
(lame lo »l*riHl auil lolil kim, llial " h« woul.l
tave hil life, ai a r<i|iiil«l lor Ih. la»ort "•»•«'
ivcriieil from him. iiml woiilil prver»» hi* IlKnl
fof life) hy way of lelrihullnit for hu kiiiJ »n-
Urlalnmenl! Iiir thai a awonl hail henAglunK
Wbrllril, ami A1«)i»ii<li r'« nuhl liaml h
loii|r •iniihni im« ajt«lii«l liioi; huMlml IB bail
lalilimiMiiioienU In liu wiiv whitli prr»enleil hi»
•(Will, mill thai by preUuiiiiiK «" a«ii«lhiiii m hu
lleMKn^ how AletaiiilertauHhal llerml waa iiol
conlnili'il lo rtinn in a kinifiloni lliiil bilonni'Ho
e(h*r>, und tu make dilapuliilioiK in llieir mo-
ther'. Koveriunmil, aflar he had killed her; bul
liemile* all Ihii, thai he iiilrnduc.d a tiiuriou*
mil 1 1 .wr, and proiiowd lo Riva the kiiiKiloin ol
lliiirBili;filor«lo|linl |)e«liknl ft'llow AoltJiHJir:
•errclary, a bidd man, and ruanini In lounlar-
failing any onv'i hand) and alter ha had roun- .
larfriud a ureal number, ha WIM at liial tiiil to
death for il. Herod did alio ortler llie (roternur
of the caHle lo be loriured, bul got iliilhinK out
of hiiH of what Iheai'iunllon •ii«Ke«lrd.
4. However, allhoiiKh llarod found Iht proofa
too weak, he ((ave order to hav« hit •om kepi in
rualixlyi for till now Ihev had been at liberty.
He alau railed that |h'>I ol liii flimily, and forger
of all ihi* vile accuMition, K.uryrlea, bia aavioor
and bcnefarlur, and ^ave him a rewaril of ftfiy
talenla. lf|Kin which he prevented ajiy aecuraU
M:i:ouuU that rould roiiie of what h« had don^,
by KKiiiKiniuiedialely inlol,'Hp|)ailiH-ia, and thar«,
he Kol money of Arrhelaua, having Uie iinpu»
inaoinuch
every d^ lo pruvokv hint ao to
Chat he ran aay uolhinK at all bul it alloriU occa-
aion for calumny aitain^t him ; lor lIuALlf any
be oiuik of nobility of birllfTtiven in
■», he ia abuai'd unju>lly, while hi* father
, that noMixly, lo ba lure, i* of nobja
lleiander, and that hit father wa» in-
r want of aui'h nobility. If they be at
inliiiK, «nd he tayi iiothinK, he givea
and il he coniinendt any body, they
.. ill way of Jeat; tlial they alwaya And
Iheir father unmercifully levere, and lo have no
natural afleclion for any of them hut for Aniipalcr;
on whioh iiciounli, if nia plot iIuihi not lake, he
il very Mil|in|r to die; but that in cnte he kill hit
father, he liHtli auflicienl opporlUiiitiet tor aaving
hiiiitelf. In the firtt place, he hath Akhelaut
hia falher-iu-law, to whom he can eaaily (ly ; and
in the m xl idaie he halh Cinar, who hath neVer
known III rod'* charnCter lo thu day ; for that he
iball not appear then before hlin with Ihiit dread
he uied to do, whin hit Hither wat there lo ter-
rify hinii and that he will not then produce the
accuaHlioni that concerned himarlf iilone, but
woiild, in the firal place, openly ini>i»l on the ca-
'l»ilti'tNW*r their nation, and how they arc taxed
%<f death, and in what waya of lutur^f and wick-
ed prurlVtj that wealth it tpinl which waa got-
ten by l)f«<^ahed; whjit tort of |ienonii ihey arc
thai gel oiir richea, and to whom those ciliet be-
lun(f, upon whom be beatows hi* fuyor*; that
. he would have lni|uiry made whiit became of hia
grandfather [llyrcnnii»,] and his mother [Mari-
, Biiine,] and- would o^ienly nrocbiini the groat
wickeclneit that waa iii the king i ni;'un which
accotinta he ahoiild not be deemed a parricide."
3. When Kuryclia had made Ihia portentoua
ipcech, he greatly commended Antipater, aa the
oolv chilli that had an aireclion for hia father.
filled Achala with aediliun, and had plundered itt
ciliet; and auha waa a#nl into banithmcni. And
Ihu* WB« he punlahed for «hal wicked arliona h*
had been guilty of alwut Arialobulua and Ale*^
■Oder. . . I „
5. 1»ul It will be now worth while ti/ put Km*.
raiiia of Vat in oppotition to thi* Spartan t 'or M
he waa one uf Aleiander'a moat inlininle friendi,
and came to him in hia travela at the aanie lim*
that Kurycica came, tp the kinif put the t|ua«-
lion to him, whalhcr thote thingt of inhich Ale*-
aiider waa accuaed were Iruel He aaaured him
u|ion oath, that he bad never heard any auch
thingt ft'ointba young nien: yet did Ihia Icttl-
niony avail nothing for the clearing Ihoae luiacra-
hle creaturea;-.fTir llerodwaa ■>J|H<I>*I<'"*" ■
nioat re^ly'tu hearken to wbjM||h|de againtl
them; ami every one waa niojt *B' jil^i|*' " '""'
that would b«liev« they were pliitiMiHHIll>o'**tl
their indignation at them.
CHAP. XXV
Htrnd, hy t^tttar'i Dirtelion, mtcuM hit 8ont at
Jitrylui. They art »x'' produced br/ort Ih*
Cmirl.biil yet are condemned^ and in a Itllte
Time Ihey an tent lo SebOtlet njii ilrangled
there. . '
8 1. Moreover, Salome cxaapeni<«d llerod'a
cruelly agui»»l hu aou«; for Arialobulua wat
(leniroua lo bring her, who was hia niolher-in-laiW
und hia aunt, into the like danger* with lbein>
telvet: to he aent to her to take care ol her owi» '
tafety, and told her, that the king *»>* preparing
to put her to death, on account of the aicutatioa
thni waa laid againtl her, atif, when the formerly
endeavored lo marry hirael* (o Sylleut Ihu
Arobiitn, the hwl di.cnvered the kiiig't gram! le-
crctt 10 him who wai the king't enfoiy , and tina
«ij' on ihnt account wai an impediment to the j il wat that calne aa the la.t .lorn,, and . nliwly
othert- plot againat him. Hereupon the king, who I sunk the young liien when they were "• grjwt
had hai!dly r^pre.aed bU anger upon lhe?ormer . danger before. ^S„rSalo,nec^i.|« running to the
. ' I i". '^' , i t I I •^._ I ....t........l hill, (.1 Miliul mtiiinHilioli hull
Bccuaalioiit, vvaa exaap<trnled to an incurable dc'
grec. At which time Antipater look «no|ber oc-
casion lo tend in other per«ona to hia father; to
accuae hia brethren, and to tril him, that they
K had privately diacouraed with Jucutadut and Ty.
king, and iniWined hiiii of what adnionilion bad
been given her; whereup^m he coold b««r no
longer, but coiuniandeJ toth the jouii|f inrn^to
• pt I*
their ruinliioii iiiici.ann
of llie Jeivifili nii'ii'i"
xiil.eb V aect.tl.auill
ra nn ua. w ho had onc e been nia a ler * of the ho ra a ; h i l army
be "^ound, and kejit IWI' <>«» atunder Iroui the
other. He alao aent iVoluMiniua, the general o(
lo Ci^-MT imiitcdiatfly.aiidaobia friend
i
■#J
to the kiiiK, but for some oflinces had been put ' Olympua with him, .who carried the information
out of llmt honorable employment. H*rod wat in writing ahmg with thelij. Now, »» "On at
in a very great rage at thete informatioBi, and they had tailed to Home, and (l«li»en:a tae Klligt
w
#
m
44a ^ WAM or THR JEWII.
|««t«r> 10 Cmft, tarn* mm iMlithuly lr..«bl.J m 'I"""" •" <>>•• 1 ••"" l^"" ,*"••» 'r^"*"!'' '*
t". r*M or lb. rount i.ir«, y»l .li.l 11..I h. tl'>«l« 1 -''«••' •'••« »'h"'"»« •«'< "-'""'• ••"'"''• '" P"
fc. ou.hl 1.. Uli« Ih- >.w« U.U ill. Uih.r. ..f to 4»«lh. .».! ).l t«li..»rt (h.rn «««iii.t Ihi
coaiUiliixiiK hxtoufi Ki lir writl. h»$k I't hlMi,
■ml ■niNnaUil hiiii <■> k«t. lb. |Miw«r nit.r hU
■oHi but Mill withal, Ibiil " hr wuulil ilo W'H to
piall. an <>amiaatiuii<i4i»*i> tin* nialUr u( lb*
ulul ailiuit lillii, til • |iH»ilii'. iDiirl, »»<l to laka
Lr hll (MrMon hi> own kinilrnl. aiut lh«KO«rni-
4tr> Ml' tin- |iro»MH-» 1 awl if tlioi. ioo« Im- foMBil
nill^, to put llMni to dcatb; but if ih.y appoar
la ha** llmuKbl <*( n« iiior. Ihaa A)iui( away
frnm him.tbal l|. ■houlil in llmt i'aa« mml.ral.
Ihriif liuiii'hm.nl.
•i. Wii
_ ./lib llivo illrvrtiunt lltmil riimplimli and
caniii III ll.rytu*, wh.r. Owir haa) onl.ra** Iha
court tu III' aiMiiililw), anil KOI th* juilli'atiir*
loK«lhtr. Tb. prvaiil.iila Ml lint, ai Ca-nar'*
l«ll.r« had apuuiiilcd, who w.re Salurninua, ami
I'liUnlut, and Ihrir liniUnanU that wrr. wllh
thrill, with whom wa« flir proi'urnlof Voliiliiniti*
•Imii null to Ih.ni ant lh» lii«K'« liiniiiirn and
Critnila, wilb Saloma iilw, and rh.roraii aftar
whuni Ml lha princi|Mil iii.n of all Hyria,rirtpl-
liiK Arebflauti for Herod had a nnlpicion of
hiui, UrcaiiM h. waa Ali-iand.r'a falh«r-iii-law.
Vat iImI ii'il h« proJuci' hit »on« in oprn lourii
and Hll" ».n iloita mrjf luifninKly, for hr kmw
wall *noUKh ibat had Ibry but apt»arid mil,*,
Ibav woulil I'cruiiily hii>. bri'n pilitil; and if
wiltial lh«v bad brim inlTfrrd In •|i«ak, Alr*-
■nd.r woiilil aaiily ha»« a|iiw*rrd whiit lliry
wi-rn •crunnl ofi but Ih.y wi-rn in rutludy at
PlBUn., w villaii;. of Ih. Kidonlana.
3. So Ih* kniK (p»l up, nihI invriKl)wil aKiiinat
bii aoi**, in if they w«r»! prvMint; amraa for that
part of lliii acruaation Ihal thiy hail plolird
anainat liini, hr ur^rd il but lalnlly, birnnae ha
waa dratllHlr of nroof<; but hr inaialfd brfiiri'
the aaai^aaora on Ina raproaihra, and .inl*. ""I
injurioua riirriagi;, and ti n thouaand Ihp likr »f-
fcnrra aiainU hioi, whirb were braviir than
death itailfi ami wbi-n nobody ronlia.lnli-d him,
he ino»i'd Ibnii lo pit/ hit caae, ii» lbou|[h be
bad berii londnninrd hlRncir, now bn had gainrd
• billi-r victory aKainal hi» *OM. So h'' aak»d
•verr oiie't •i-nWnre. whi«h *pnt«nr* wm firat
of all k''*" \>y Salurniitlia, and wa« Ihia, Omt hi'
eoiiili'iniii'il the younK liii-n, but not lo dialh: for
tbafil waa'init fit for him, who had Ihreeaoin of
hiiown now preaeut, lo ^iv hia vole for lb* di-
(truclion of llii" aon« of anii^r- '' '»' '*" '"'""
lenanU al«i (f«v» ihe like wile: "oim- othi ra
theri' ivre aluo who followfil tliiir ixiiiiipli' ; but
Voliiiimiu* bi'ifnn to vdti' on Ihi- inorr inflHinlmlv
tide, mid all Ihoan Ibnl raiiie iifli r bliii londminrd
the yiiunR iiii'n lo die, aoiiir out of IbitU'ry, and
lonie out of halrrd to Herod \ but wui*- out of in-
Hignaiioii at their i-riniia. And now hll Syria and
Jiidrn wiia lit (Jfral 1 •xpii'lalion, niid waili d for
the l«»l ml of'thia lr«niily; yet did nobody aup-
noi« thai Urtod would be ao barliaroiia »a lo
murder hi« ihildren; however, he rurrlid iheni
•wtr lo 'I'^vre, .iind Ihenre aniled In Cn-anrea;
Md deliberated with hiniaelf what aorl of death
the vounn iiirn ahould antler.
4.' Nrtw there w»a 11 rertain old aiddier of the
kinic, whoae n^ine wa» Tiro, Who biiil n aon that
wnt very fnnii|iar with, nnd a frifnd lo Aleian-
der, ttml who hinmlf partirula**)- loved the
vaaiiir men- T"*** aoldier win in • manner dii-
r ^,.|y,| out of tb* exteai of the indlgn»lion he
bad 111 what wi»» HoinR; nnd hi fir«l he cried out
• ■loud, nn he went about, "'rbnt jualice WM
- trampled uniUr fool; thai truth wiia perWhrd,
and nature cimfouiidej ; and Ihnt the life of iiinn
W»« full oOi i iquity." nnd every thing elaethnl
aoiia; while lh«w>, I7 eulllnR oM th. awrtraaiaa
of Ibln. own anna, la«»e all wholly lo Anli|ml(r
and Ihrri by ih.Mi.e In Na«> the. aiirh a kliM u
may h. IhoinwaKhly In Ibiir own power. How-
ever, ronaider whether ihla death nf Aniiimler'i
bralhran, will mil iiiaka hlin hnled by the wililirn:
for there ia MobiHly but inniiHiteralra the yoiiaf
men, ahd of lh« raptalna a anal many almw
Iheir Imllirnalion at il ojienh Hi""" '•'• "ivinj
lliia, he naniail Iboae that hail aui'll lllditnitKnn,
but the kinK onlered Iboae men, wilhTeni hliii-
aell, and hia aon, lo be aeiied U|Hin iitiliieibairljr,
g. At which Uiiie Ib.ra waa a eerlain barli.r,
whoae nam* waa Trylihn. 'Ihla man lea|wil mil
from amonK the |>eopl» in a kind of nmiliiia«,««il
airuaed I arif, and aalil, "Thli Tero mil fa-
vored lo |K rauade me alao lo eul Ihy Ibroal Wilk
my raior whan 1 Itliuiued lh«*. •"•• proiuKed
Ihal Alexander ehonid (|lve me larje pri«eal«
for ao doinr " When Hen«l heartl Ihla, hi •»
aniined 'I'ero, with hia ton and Ihe barber. t>\ lli»
lorlurei bm at the olhtra denied Ibe ai-iiMidi'Hi.
and b« aaid iiolhiii|f farther, Herod K«ve onl.r
Ihal Tero ahouhl he rarked more aeveiely; hal
hia ion, out of pity lo hia father, promiaed ii' ilia-
rover the whole lo the kliiK, if he woiild irranl
(Ihal Ilia fiither ahould be no lonner lorliire.!,,
when he hiid axreed lo thia, he aiiHl, ihiit "hi<
fpilher at Ihe i>er<na<iiiin of Alexander, hinI aii
inlentlou lo kill him." Now aoiHe aaid iIim a»<
forKvil, in o"'"''" I" f"'» •>'* f»'ber fniin hi< l.ir.
nienia, and •nine »iiiil il wii'l true.
II. And now Herod arru«ed Ihe riiplain«, aail
Tero, iif an aaaenibly of Ihe people, ami broiijlil
Ihe iieople loaelher in a boily ajifainat them: hhiI
Brvonlinnly iKi re were they pii|lodealh, lM(;»t(|.
er with (Trynhol Ihebarber; Ihey were klllnlhy
Ihe pierea of wood and lha aloiiea Ihal wm
thrown at iheni. He alao »ent hia aona lo ^••
baate, a lily, not far from ('leaarea, and or.n i-
them lo lie there aVrailKled! and at what be hi.l
ordered waa eieruled ininiedialely, »o he i"iii-
nianded lliat Iheinbad boiliea ahoufd be broiium
lo Ibe forlreat Alexamlriiini, lo be buried wilH
Aleliinder, their |Crniiilf«lher by the niolhi r't
tide. Amlthiiwaa the emi of Aleiandur awl
Arittobulua.
CHAP. XXVUI.
HimAntipattr it haltd if all Mtni and hov iKl'
King tipuoitt Iht .Sent </ <A«« '*«' 'i«« '""•
»tam lo hii Kindrtd; hul Ihal Jnlipaltr nmrfi
him chanKt Ibinlfnrulhtr }Vumtn. Of Hindi
Marriaiff and Childrtn.
S 1. But an inlolernble haired fell upon Anii-
paler from the nation, though he bad now an in-
dlapulablr title to the tuiit aaion ; beenuae (hfT
all\n«w Ihiil he waa Ibe pepion wlio eonlnvfd
til Ibe ralumniet nKninal hia brethren. How-
ever, he began lo be in a terrible fear, aa he •nw
th«Hnlerily of Ihiiae Ihal had been >lain K:niwin|
pataion eoiiliT tiiB(?e»t to a niau who tpared not
hit own life: and at laal he veiitBreO Id go lo Ihe
klne, awl aaiil." Truly, I think, Ihoii art h moat
miterable man, when thou bearkeneil lo moat
• BMleru^
xwMtr Alexander hiid Iwo toiia by (.laphira,
TlrtBei nnd Alexander; ilrtd Ari»lobulin luiil
llrrodj^nil Aurippn, nnd Aritlobuliiii. hit »»n«j
With Merodiiit and Miiriamne, hit il»u({liler»,iiiirt
all bv Bernlce, Snbiiiie'a dauehler; a* for t-li-
phytn, Heroc), at aoon na he had killed Al' xaii-
der, aent her back, toir.lher with hi.r portion, lo
i;«npa<loeia. He niarrieil Uernfec, .Saloiiujl
dauehler. lo Aniipaler'aunrle by hit inolher. nnil
it wat AliipBler. who. in order lo reroniili h«r
to him, tSien the had been at varianre with hiiB.
contrived ihit luiiltrh; he alao Rol into I'heronii I
favor, and into the favor of Cietar't friemla "y
a nil
pretanta, and othe r waya of ol i !ii i| ii i...„,...
tent no tmall aumt of money to Koine: Salurnl.
nm tlio. and hit friendi in Syria, were all WHI
renlenithed with the pretentt he made Iheni; yel
"'miterable man, when thou bearkeneil to moti Tepienitne.i wihi ...cM'rr.n^"" "■"■"—■;-"• <
W wicked wretcbet. aiidlfat thote tltat ought to be | the more he gave. Ihe more he wa. hated, at not
•X ;
'"-^.
thrm Hfilinit ikt
oil lh« (IKiarMI**
linlly to AniiimKr
ttm •iii-h « klnii ••
Mil (iiini'r Miiw
mill iif Aniiiiiilrr'i
ttil )•}' Ihr wililirn:
trrair* lh« V>i|il(
■riKl iiixny thuw
llr<«in hi« «Hy in^
I •licit lii>liKni*i<"i<>
Fii, wilhiVni hliii-
U|Hin Hiiliirilialrljr.
II M rrrUiil li«rli>r,
htt limn IrniH-il nut
ini| iifumiliiiM.iiiiil
'I'hlt Trrii <ii>l>*-
ciil Ihv Ihnml WilK
lh<*i linil (iriiiiMuil
ni» lurni" pri'Miii
I hianl lliii. Ill' ti-
ll ihr Imrliir, >iy III*
iit'il Ihr ni'i'iMnlMiO.
, lliTotl |»il¥».- iinltr
nitirit ifYHflj ; Nl
trr, promlwl •" '!'••
(, if lii> W'liil'l irrniK
III liinKrr liirliiml.J
I, hn 'iiihIi llint "hii
Alrtunilrr, Iwnl •»
I Millie mill lhi» *!*■'
Hitirr fniiii III* Uir<
lrut«.
il Ihr ru|ilRin«, aiiil
priiplr, untl bniti|hl
y ifl^iiinit Ihriii: nnil
|iiit loilmlh, IdKi'lh-
; thry wrrr kllliiHiy
a ftniirt Ihiil win
irnJ hi* ni«» 111 ^1-
;ii'«iirrii, kill) oriHi'
mill ■• whRt lir II I'l
i)lnlrlr, »o he i"ni-
ra •b<iul)l lir liriiUKhl
, III lir hiiriiil witN
irr liy ihr ni'ilhir't
I of Mciantltsr mul
VUI.
lil Jiltni and hov Iht'
f thoit thai had Imn
Ihaljlnlipaltrmndt
fyumtn. Oflhrodl
Birrd fril upon Anti-
l(h lid hnil now ttn In-
iMion; hrcnuar IhfT
finon who ronlrivfd
hia hrrllirrn. How-
rrihlr fiHr. «» lir •«!•
1(1 bron nlnin (ffiwing
«on« I'y (>liiph)ra,
ifitil ArinlnlniliH IkkI
iriilnliuliin, hi» winv
nr, hiailiuiKjhlrra.niiil
michlrr: «• fur Uli-
p hnil killid Ah "i»ii-
r with hi T portiiiH.tn
1 Urrnfcr, SuloiniiV
rle hy Ilia inolhrr, nnci
orili'P lo nroncih- li*'
Bt vnriiinrr «vilh hinl.
•ir> (rnl into rhiriinisi
if Ciranr'a fricml* ''»
JIU-
/FK .
IHXIK l.-rilAF. XXIX.
'.I'M
f :
m
*iali«)r Ihra* prrarnft »hI t( (•ncraally, b«l htwartr l..if» nf thiria, iinii Mrprtil fPfciflpl «|
t|M>ii>liiiK hiiiiHiiiryniii itf rr«r. Ai-riinilii||lyi II MarmniHr, ihr hi(h prlr.i'a ilmiithltr: AniriiM
IS fill oiii, thni ihr rrnritrM Imrr hiiii n<i iiiiini aUi «n<l AnliihiMs wrrr lit ,M«|iharr, |h> *••
fiNMl-will lliiiu lirl.ipr. bill Ihal Ih.nr |<i Hhum hr Mlnrilaii, •• Wi>< hM ilmiKhifr, OI«ni|i«tl> whirll
n>« nalhiiiir wrrr hi. iii.trr bilUr rnrnma. hia hrolhrr J....i,h-.t ..m h.,.l iiiKrnnU b» !»„,.
lliiMmrf, hr iJfaluwKl hit iinnuy ««rry il»y |i«(rii, ol li
niiiftanil inon- p*«Ai»lv, uiiuliwrvinf Iknl.roili | nwI by IhilUa, I'bitMrliiai hr ha<l nUilwinUNtfi.
irary lo hi. rtiwiUllun., ihr kinx w*a li»khi« lrr», Roiami ami >.„|„„„. ,h« „„ by l-hrifni,
■ J.....i|l»-
irii.*m, hr hii.t llin»| mmI I'hilin,
!»•
anil
hi. rtiwi'Ullun., Ih , _
(■rr aiNiul lhi> iirphiiiia, ami ihti nvi-riiiK »l ihr anil Ihr iilhrr li» M|.i.i h* hail iria.|''lWrt'w'lVra
Miiir iinir h»« r.|»iiUiiir lor Jhlllinff ihrir U- Ihm hml mi f hil.lriii. ilir iinr hi. flr.lroii.i« an<|
.k — 1.^ k. i... .../..- .u lb* iilhrr hi« nirrrj ■
llMra, hy hia roiniiiiHiritliuB u( llioar thai apranf
front ihpiN.
'i. Aii:onliii|ly, llrmil i^ol liigrlhrr hia km-
drr.l ami Irlrii.iii, ami » I linV.i'r ihrni lh« ihlklrf n,
•n4 with hi« rirra lull of liura aaiil Ihiia III iKani^
' Il wua art iiiiliirky littr lliul took nwiiy fpom ni«
llirar rhiRtrrn'. Ialht,r», »ln<h chllilrru »rf rr-
roninirmlril lunir by thai Halural roiiimiwrKimn
whVh IhiiriiriihaMi'iiMlllion rn|Mirra( liiH»r»«p,
I will rmlrairor, lh.i»Kh I ha«r birn « iiuxl on-
lortiMWIr f<4h*f, 4o nptirar a lir«trf |tnimlf«»b»r,
•ml to liam Ihinv ihiMrrn •uih riiralora afti r
niy.rif iia nr» ilninal In iiir. I Ihrrrforr Ur-
Inilh (hy ilaiiffhti r, I'hirnrua, lo ihr <hlrr of
Ihrar liri'lhrr|i, Ihr ihihlrrn of Ali iniiilrr, that
lliuii iiiiiyiol be obliKiil lu lakr riirr uf thrill. I
alao III troth li> thy foii Aiilipuirr, Ihr iJHMKblrr
tif Arialobulua; b« thiiii Ihrrrforrn fathirto Ihal
orphan; ainl uiy .on llrriNl (rhillpl ali.ill Kiivr
hrr «iiUr, whmr Kniiiiifnthrr, by Ihr iiiolhrr'a
aiilr, waa hlnh^pnr.t. Anil III rvrry onr ihiit
lo»ri ni« bn of my Holinii'nU in lhra« ilia|iiiaH
lliiiH, nhirh nuiii' ihnt hnlh nn lAii-liuii for iii«
will ahroialr. Anil 1 pray Cml, Ibmhr will join
thi'.r ihililrrn toKithrr in niarriiiKr, lo llir uij<
(antaiii' uf iiiy kiii|(<l(iiii, nml of my pii>lirily,
■nil may hn liink ilowit With iyr» iiiorr •irrn*
U|wn thrni thin hr lo.ikeil u|Nin^luir fiithi ra, '
:l. Whilr hi' ap.ilir thr.r worili, lir wrpi, niM
Jiiiiiril Ihr rhililrrn'a ri|tl(l hiiiiiU toj;rlhi r; iilirr
whiih hr riiibraiiil thnii r»l ry oiiKHftrp mi af-
frrlioiiatr niitmiir. iiii,| illtiMiniiril tbr ii*M'iiihly.
Upon thU, Anti|mlir win in Kriiit ilrjoriUr iiii-
mrilliitrly, anil liinirntiil pnbliily hI what wma
cinnr; for hr tiipt.o.<.,| thftt liii. ilifrnily whirh
WM rnnfrrrril on ihrto or|«k*na wan lor >iia nwit
ilr.triiiiinn, rrrii in hia fi.lher'ii lifiliiiir, anil that
h« ahouhl run anolhtr riak of liming ih« (ci.n'rii-
niriil, it Aliiunilrr'a aona ahiiuld hiivr Imlh Ar-
»'l hr.i.U. thrw hr h*<l
two ilnu|[hl*rn, Ihr ai>ii ra of Ab tamlrr ami Ari«.
lohulua, hy Miiriiininr Sinrr, thrrvAirr, lh«
roy«l hmily waa <o niinii p»mi.. AlMi|i««r|i prayrti
hini lo rhanifr ihr.i' ( inlrnilril I ninrrt.iifr<
ft. Whin Ihr kiiiii |Hriii«iil what illtiHitiliiiii
h« WM Ml lottnnla ihr'M- orphnna, hr waa iiii||ry
Mil, iinil n iii.pii'hin rami' mio hia luiiul Ji* in
^■r aoiia whom hr IhnI ihiI to ilTUlvyhf Ihrr
lh*( hail n.il bun brniiKM nhoni by Ihw fnlitt
tnlit.nt Antipatrr, ao allhnl limr hr mniii' All*
l.|i«l>'r n hinK ami a (irrvnh anawrr, amnml him
ll*f|onr. Vrl waa hr ullrrwaril prrvailnl apnn
rnnnini(lv by hia llHltrrir>, anil ihanicnl thr iii«f
riaKra; hr nmrriril Arlalobubia'a ilnMi^hlrr t«
liiin, anil bia aim lo rhrr'irii>'a il*ii|thlrr.
H. Now rti»<> HiAy Iriirn, in ihl* Inadiiii-r, hnw
»rri iiiiiHilhiallaltirinif Antipatrn loihl ilo, urn
whul Siiloiiir, In Ihr likr lirriinialnni'i ., i-onlil
nutiloj lop Hih«'n •Im, who nrna hia aiatrr,
by III* Mirnna of Jirlio, firaar'a
•li.«r
Wtir,
hail,
rarnially
chi'lau. |a kinvj ami rhrronia ■ Irtnirrh lo ...,.
livijaoronaiilrrrd how hr waa biiii
lip-
port Ihrin. _ „.,„„.., „„.
K If hall (I by llir niitiiin, unit how lliry |ii(ii'd'liirie
orphiina; how urint iillrilion the Jrwa borr lo
'•'»'•• '•'^•'''•'nj'f'iia when (hrv wrrr alirr, ami
how Kladlv thty rriiieiiibrrcil ihein now Ihry biiil
Mriiheil by hia nirana. Ko hr rranlvnl by itlj
•ha wtiia poitihir lojfi t thrac rapouanla ili.aolvril.
4. Now hr waa qlniiil of ((oiiiK aHblil.lv about
Iba wk]
Ihia niiiHrr with hia fatlirr. wliirwa, imri'l lo li«
pleoMil, and waa prrainllv moved upon Ih. Irii.t
tuapieioni 10 ha vintiimf to afo to him ilirrclly,
•ml to beg of him before hia face, not to ilrnriie
hull of llmi dignity which he had been plraaid
to bratow upon hnii, and that he niirht not liu.r
III* bare name oi , fcliiK. while thr power wiia in
olh«r peraoiia; f.ir that hr ahould never be able
Id keep the royernmriit, if Alrxandep'a aon waa
lo have both hia^raiidfiither Archelana ami I'ht-
roni«forhi.«iti,tora;aml he braought him ear-
■eally. aln«|(herj! were to many of the riAal
fanilfy alive, that he would rhanKe Ihoar fintend-
»" "'""•!?••• «ow the king had ninti wivei.a
and Children by icven of them ; Antipater was
Jfur:.?;' I*^'" .•"" " V'" ""^'Im*; and that "Tf!;
HI iiu i ou ii ni '^
f oi l ! .. .,
ey to Koine: Saturni-
I Syria, were all well
Its hi-made Ihrni; yet
g he was hated, ai not
cclaliroln) Mariniiini-, whow
Uioai' Wivi'a >^.»r..
^
- Ihe
iiowdead.bererkoned,
Trr-i In a l l inn . f\' e t I t ia re mj i ilialila ilut
ka had no mom llign 1.1 ,• iuldren by them all 1
ni„ Ai'l'iV'/T'"'!"'""'."."'"'' ""' •* »•"'". With
nian Aldrirh, to duiiimuiali hetwi-en 4 Joaeplia In ihe
i}^"y.?t "."»<>' J:J««|.h. Herod', i^e, and III.
«r to br ninrrfi'd to Sy||eua, thr Ar«.
biHrt. Ilrroil aworr hr wmiM ralieni hep hia bit.
Ivfrniniy, imlraa ahr wimiIiI Iravr nil thai pro.
jiTt; br ala^ laiiaeil hrr, »jain«l hi r own I'lin-
ami, to be nmrriril to Alrtaai n frirnd of hia,
ami that oiH' ofhi r lUii^hlrr* •liouhl br ninrrird
lo Mi'tna'a •on,nnil Ihr dlhrr to' Antipnti r, umla
by the molhrr'a .i.lr. And for Ihe dauKlnrr. Ihe
kinif hall by Mnriniiinr, the one wAii iiiarrird (<i
Anilpeler, hia aiairr'a aon, and Ih* pther lo hit
brolhrr'i aon, fhiiaarlya.
fllAl'. XXIX
JliillfHtir hfcomt$ hilottrahlr, lli i$ ittUt*
Hiimi. iiikI rarrin Utradi Titlamrnl inIK
him. Hii roi-iij (iimrt hit liriitht r, Ihal Ac wmw
krflihiilf'ifi. Ih Jii$al komt.
{1. Nimrwb.'n Antipater had nit oft tin hopea
of. the orphnn*. and had ronlmrtrd ainh nllini-
tira na would br iiiuat for hia oWn adinnliiifr, he
prorrrilid bri»kly,- a» havuig a rrHnin rxincta.
lion of the kingdom; and na hr had now aa-
.iiraiM-r addid |o hia wii-kednraa, he brraiuc In.'
toli'Tiddr; lor not In injjr able lo avoid the hatrril
ol iiH [iroplr, he bndthiaairurilv iip'inlhr tirpor
he >t^it'k into Ihrm. I'hi rnrna lllao naaiatid him
in liia()r«i|{n«, I'lokInK "P"" h"" »< iilrrady Dxrii
III hia kiiip;i!,,iii. There vtn» iilao n roiHpiinv of wo*
men in the I'loirt. which rxriird nrwiliatMrlinnret;
for I'hrporiia'a wit. , lo|{rlherwilb hw mother iinH
•later, aa n(-o Aiiti|i«lrr'a mother, grew verv ini-
podint in thr pidnce. She alao wua ao ina'olent
II* lo nllront the kln)t'»J two daii)(hirr4, on which
arciiiint the kinp hatid her to ii ifrral dejjreej
yil iilthoiigh lliiae women were hut. d bv bini,
lloy iloMiin»ereily>vero|lier«>lhi,ri' tvn. oiilv Sa«
loiiie who op|Hiaeil their gniiil nurienii nl, iind in-
f'irtiird the king of their iiieitin'XH, na not being
for Ihe advantage of Ida alliiirs. Ami when ihoae
women lii)ew what cnlumniea ah* bad raiarjl
againat iheiii, and how niuch Hrrod wai ilia"
anarrmintorMarinmnr. 5. Jnaeph, llrrmraqMraior.nt
Ireiiaiirer.'aliilii on llieaniiieiirinnnt. :i. Jnaepli, llaiiNl't
hroHirr. aliiin In buille aitaiiiat Anilgoiiiia. 4. Jni' t
sv
"romrr. alum In buille aitaiiiat .Anilgoiiiia. 4. Jn«..hl,
llerod'a nephew, ibu huahand of Olynmiai, niamtoned
In I' la place,
JThrae dsuf lilenof Herod, whom Pheroraa'a wifh
affronted, were Palnme and Koiana, twovlrolna, who
were Imrn lo hinrof lila two wivra.-Klnlaniid I'liadra
Id, huabandof iu aiitei s:.:z.r;v'H2r;:^ 1 3,^i:;;i::;;4;?\;:; 'j!-i.^r;:ti:'i:
^. WARS OF THE J^S. -
iSy .nrert.inn..nt. of nn, •"<'«h«Y "»/;°S K pal to »h. torture, con «..aih.Uheyll«
Ihrrontrarx. they pretended to qUKrel on. with ^M^^^^ with Cv|«thn.. for « •I?* •»"'»•
nno'iher when thi ting wm within he.ring. 1 h* P;""'" ,„ |„n UrtoU ; «nd when ihry hud been
!?™'„« in th. ni«ht.trn..; nor did th« o»H.nr.- 1 «• »^7,*„. »,„, proceeded to f""-* »«•"' «« P««
'unl ne^V;t'tr:'A^^^^
brother out of h . kjngdon.. ^^erom look th
Ininr* very ml ently, »r.d went «w«y inip nii
'"IVLlZhVrP^nL bevond Jordan.! «<nd .wot.
.lf^
rorti; but .idl they h«U private "™".-""b;;-^;'.
Sfhirfr^nd. and kindr«l together. Md twre V^""' "" p.,ie„tlyr and went away intp («
■-.•^-^
with monay. by-way «'. {7.57^u„d hi. b«i
had don. again.t h.m. and^had procu«a ^^^^^ ^^
'•"•.Ln.^' At":ni^h K*,u^.d^hf..pe?ch to Ph.-
- S*'.„Lr.?Cltftwa,proper for Ant.pater o be
th*t he nilghi 50 and live ai nou.^. ^r ^ ^^ ^^1^,^
unexpecKuiY r , . ^. . j^ Herod .hownl
El. rR.e. and took care of^lm; ^-t |^;„«'»^i'^J;"
J «t an affection for him ta£ »3»,Y«\:-li.
Rf* vet wa» a report .pread abroad tnat ne owi
kineShim by poUn. '^However, he took ,;.ret
iLvc hiideild'^odyicarried "? J"-"^;-; ^"^
5^iy!U^hbn.^;d^ha;7ith a .plendid^
wi?i.oT5 v«» «%^rntrp«t!:rwunii hi
thi. in order «° °i;P^«J"Xh N^l^lau. had
contest with Areta. hi. own king^ ^
bim » 6'™;"!!'' „ ifrmd rave him more, he in-
.-hLthrwMto pay, and did aUo accuse Pha-
batiVto c'«l;ar.^';;d ..id th'V "."forHel^'.
CHAP. XXX. -
ii'*.- Wtrod niadt Inquiry about PhtroT<Ui
^'Death!a^'T<^yry Z made lhat-/lnt,f.Ur
K.Wam««, outof,h*,Pahce^andl>k,.
her ton Htrod ou< of 7..« TcrtomeM. ,
5 1. RUT nowth«puni.fihi.entwa.tr.n.fejTri
Sr»no«.a» manner, anf that, upon h" «»««''•
.he had given him- deadly P""""* "l^^^.^'^h
"a. dont by 4he Hianagement of Sylleu., *»»
d ..id that he wa. noj - ""2 fbe king wa. deeply affectM wiin .0 n..»j
advantage, but for H*"! ^ LnLcion. wd h.^d the'^ maid-wrvant. and torn
fetbok. a -handle from in....
|«#^ t«,inquire further mlothj
K(»»l&T^S£r«hi* woman diKov.«d
JOTBtipater**'* '1"'°''
own importunity a. ^•>«««™»^^^^^^^^ ; - - e, .
h fc * . - t ^ , ^ -^ /
S4>
«W BOOK L-CHAP; XXXI.
445
Mm w»iSvll»ui'i
kirlbc. Thrjait
lied thatthry Kad
r « Urge toiii of
hen lh»y h»il be»n
;urninu* the preii-
t to Rome.
leave off impnrtn- ;
to forre him to put
lot clevlie any wiy
: woman hcridf to
many cauan of ha-
) wai in auch KKat
■I both her anil hit
Pheroraa took th'ii
went away into tiil '
I Jordan, J am' ""ore
end pnt to hia ftight,
death; and that he
he waa alive. Nor
lien hia brother wai '
lent for him to come
nil to Uave "ome J"-
h« died; but Hfro.l
little aft«rward The-
hen Herod ahowcil
inie to hire and pitiMl
Im; but hia a(r«ctioa
for Phrronia <!i«d a
tough Herod hud so
Q the laat day of his
1 abroad that he had
veyer, he took <;are to
d to Jeruaalem, and
lurning to the whole ^
wed a moat pompous
la WBi the end that one
atobulua'i murdertn
IXX.
uiry about Phtrortii
I ma4« IM Jlndpali'
m$ Draught for him.
d her Accomplictt^ "
the i Palace, and bm
a TeHameni.
sfiliient waa tranaferrfJ
Antipater, and took ill
lierorai; (or c*'*^'" "'
a aad countenance 1"
that "hie brothir h«il
, and that hia wjfe h«ii
hat waa prepared afwr
hat, upon hia eating it.
diateinper; that Anti^-
*o day* before, brou(*^
hat waaakilful if niiiili!;
ht prepare a love polip"
inatead of a love potron,
II V noiaoniUnd thatlhrt
jement of Sylleua, who
t womim,'" \
ly affect*d with so m"".'
Maid-aervanta and wnie
tortuw!i;*neof "I?"
the
,„c ...-«n purtisb the
miaeriea. ^ntipater'inior
ahandle fromthuf'J-
to.inquirefurthermlothe
fthi* woman diKovered
4«f..motb«r4o 1'hfroiM
a)ft*o their aecretniMt-
j^|^»tipater*»'» ''~"''
I the MMmltt^t Fhtroin<
^SESr. Una thitmort n
SlySiahJawlfc,ri<P*»«'
» ..
with Iheni for a wholonigrit together aa they re^ ■ irt order to prevrnl any rMmiiialiim and torture
turned from the king, nnd would not aull'er any 1 frpili th« king. However, it ra«|i€. to paaa, aa it ,
body, either ni«|i-arr>'ant or maiil-aervant, to be
thiire; while ode of, the free woiifcn diacuvered
the whole nmller.
" %, Upon thia Herod tortured the maid-aervanta
every one by theiiiaelvi a sepHrntrly, who all
■neninioualy agreed in the furtgning uiacoveriea,
end that uctonlinciy by agreement they went
away, Anti|)ater to Kome and I'heroraa to Herea:
for that they oftentiniea talked to one another
(hua: "That after Herod linil tlnin Alexander and
Ariatobuiaa, he would full upoiutheni, and upon
their wivet, because, niter he had not apared
Mariamu'e and her children, he would apare no-
bo<ly ; and that I'ur thia riFiwon it waa beat to get
aa far oil' the wild beual na they were able." And
that Antipnter oflriitime'i lamented hia own caae
before hii mother, and aaid to her, that " he had
already gray haira u|>on 4iia head.lnd that hi%.
lathe ' ' ■ —- ' "-*■
aeeina by the pMiilriire itfUwl, when he in-
tended te bring Antipater to puiiiahmenl, that
ahe fell not upon her l.iead, but upon.iilher parte
of herbudy, mid iiacnpiil. The king, when the
waa brought to him, took care of her, ^for ahe
waa at lirat ipiite aenaileaa u|)oh tier full,) and
naked her wiiy ahe liitd thrown hernell'dowaT
<and gave her hia oath, llft,t ilVahc tviMi|d Kpeak
thereat trutlj, lie wnulil exruii^her from jiiiiiiah-
ment; but that If ahe roiirealeil uiiy thin;.;, he
would hnvc her i>oily, Inrii to piicca liy luriiienta,
|nd leave no |uitt ol it to be buririf.
6. Upon thia the woman pauaed n little, and
then auid, "Vyhy do I apnre toapiuk of ilieae
grand aierets, now l'herr>ni« U ilend, that would
only tenit lu^«uv<! Antipater, who ia nil our 'It-
atructiont Hear, then, <) king,aml be thou: and
Uod hiili'elf, whp cannot be deceived, witneaaea
11 ,» ■
er grew younger again every day, and that'j.to the tnyh of what. I »in going to aay When „
I......' .(..nil. u..,i,l,l .,vj.rfalrn hiiii lietVirA h« ihou fliiUt ait weeninir bv: Piieroraa aa he ivaa '
perhipa ticnth would overtake him before he
ahoidd begin to be ni king in eimieat; and that in,
eaac Heroil' »hould die, yvhich yet nobody kiieW
when it would be, the enjoyment of the aucci;a-
linn could ccTtamlv be hut for a little tiiiie; for
that those heada ol'^IKdra, the aoiia of Alexander
and Ariatobulua, w«ife growing up: that he was
deprived by hia father of the hopfa of being auc-
ceeded ,by. hia children, for that hia aucceaaor
after hia dralh waa not to be any one of hia own'
■ona, bpt Herod the apn of Maiinmne; that in
thia point Herod wna plainly diatracted, to think
that Ilia tcstaiiient ahouhl tlien in take place; fur
be would take rare that not onu of Ina posterity
•hould remain, b<K;nua«! he waa of all fathera the
rreateal hater of hia children. Vet doc* he hate
hia brother atill wcyae, whence it waa that he a»
while ago gave himaelf » hundred tnlenta, that
he ahould not have any iiitenuiurae with I'he-
roraa," And when Phtroraxaiiid, Wherein havn
we d^ne him any harm'? Aiitipiillfr replied, " I
wiah he would but deprive ua ufBil we have, and
leave ua naked and alive only; but it ia intieed
iinposaible to eacapu thia wild Insist, who ia thiia
given |u murder, who.will not permit ua to love
. any peraun openly, although we be together pri-
vately ; yet may Ae be ao openly too, if we have
but the courage and the huiida ol*ineO." ^
4. Theae thiiiga wtti aaid by the nomcn upon
the torture, aa alio that I'heruroa reaolveij to lly
with them to i'crea. Alow H< rod gave credit to
all they aaid, on account of the nlliiir of the hun-
dred talenta; for he had had no discoiirae with
any body aboiit theiu, biit only \vith Antipater.
So he vente^Jiia anger llrat of all against >\nti-
pater'a mother, and took uway from licriillthe
Omhnienta wliich he had giveji her, whii'li <'ii>t ii
great many tillenta, and caat her out of the
palaccn aecorid time. llesiUo took enre of I'lie-
(oraa's w«iiien after their tortu/es, as Ixing iio»^
reconciled to lliein; but \ie wua io greut coiiaU'r-
nation hiniaeU, and inlluiued upon every yii»'
picion, apd hid many innui%iit persona led to the
torture, otit of hia fear leat he aliuuld leave any
guilty peraon untprtiireil.
5. And now it waa (hat he betook bimarif to
examine Antipater, of Samaria, wlio ivaathe
ateward of [hia «on] Aniifiater; and upop tor-
turing him', |ic learned that /Vntij)atcrha(l aentlor
' e potion ofi^ca<fly poiaon for hitn out of Kgypt,
by Antiphiluv, a companion of hi.i; iliatTheudi'o.
the uncle of Antipater; hud it from him, and do-
livereid it to I'herorqa; for that Antipater had
charged him to take hia f^ither off while he wait
at Konic, and ao free liini from the aUaplciun of
doing it liiiua^lf; that I'herorua^idiio comiiiitted
'"^^thiii potion to hia will'. Then (|id the ki«lg'>end
(op her, and bade hei' bring to him tvliat ahe had,
received iBiineTKately. , So she .^iijne out of h<;r
bouac .ia if '.lie would bring it itilh her, but
threw kerKit do^vn fro)
thou ilidat ait weeping by: Hieroraa aa he waa
dying, then it wna that he calli'd me to him, and
aaid, * My dear wife, I have been greatly mil-
taken aa to the di«poaition of my l>ru,lher to-
ward* me, and have hated him tl»at ia ao affec-
tionate to me, and have contrived to kill him who
ia in auch tliaorder for ine before 1 am dead. Aa
for myaelf, 1 receive the recoin|>enae of my im- ,
piety; bi/t do IhoU bring what poison was left -
with ua by Antipater, 6nd Which thou keepeat in
order to deatroy hiin, and cotraume it iiiiniedintely
in the lire in my aight, that I may not be liable' '
to the avenger in tne inviaible world,' 'i'lvU I-
brought iia hi; bade me, and emptied the greateat
part of it into the fire, put reaerved a Uttic of It .
for iiiy own iiae againat ijtocertaitt futurity, anil
out of my fear of thee." : ° ' *>
, 7.' When the had seld Ihia, ahe brought the
box, which hnal a aninll quantity of thia potion'in
it; but the ktng'let her alone, and tranaferred.
the torturei to Antiphilua'a mother niid brother,
who both coiifeaaed t^at Antiphiliia brought thixt
box out of Kgypt, and that they had rj-celved the .
potion from a brother of Kia who waa aj>liy!<ii'ii)n
at Alexnndria. Then did the ghoata of^ Alexan-
der and Aristolnilus go round all the palace, ami
iMxajiie the inqui^fora uud diacoWrera of what
coulil noy^othcrwiae have been found out, aiid
brought auch aa were the freelt from aiispici^Ni
to be examined; whereby it waa discovered that
iMnriaiiine, the high priekt'a daughter, waa con-
sciuua of thia plot, j>nd her yery brothers, when ,
they were l(>rtured,<leclnred it ao to brf Where-
u|ion the king avenged thia inaulent attempt of
the^ mother uimn her aon, aiid blotted Herod,
whom he hud vy her, out of hia testament, who , >
had l|et 11 before' named therein aa aiicceaaor to
Antipater. »
CHA!'. XXXI.
Jinlipnteris convic'ltd by liathylliin: but he ttUl
relume from Home utilhoui knowing it. Utrad
brings aim to his Trial. * " .
} I. A I'TKIl these things w<*T over, Hn<hyllm _
came under exairiinatliiii, in order t > convict An-
liiPiiter„who proved the concluding 'alleatBtion't9
A ntipatcr'a design*; for indeed lie vvas no other '.•
tlinn liis'fri'etl'iiiun, ThiUman came.^hnd brought f
another deadly potion, ^le poisonof aapa.and the 1
jaicea of olher aerpent*, that ifthe'iirat potieir
did not <lo>(he' buiincka, rheryraa and. hia ^v^'''
:/
nd. hia ;viu>.
destroy tlM,
nil'.;lit be armed. With this iilso, to
king, lie br<>ught also an aildition to Anlipater't
ihaojent uttiinpt against Jiis father, which waa
thejeltirs which he wrote toainst hij; brttlii-en,
Arriirliili!* and l'hi)ip. who were the kiiig'a auna;.
^♦'*>"'«-'
f>y
*8
and e^iCHteii nt Kipiii;«, being yet youtha, bu^f »
geiieroua (iisposltidn*. Antipnter act himaelftO '
get rid pi f hi »c as aonn aa he coifld, that they '
might not' III prijiidiniul to hia ho|H'S, akidto'tbat
\tu\y uf the house, ' tiid he turgcd littira agninat theui in the nitut
^ ' • ■ ' ' ' at n
•»
-^r
.en. .ur .1....... winrh ;.a, iUe very iUm ''''V( l,"Jr^r;VrXe ,v""„a.m.l^
gave inoiioy l.> liU4« tin riht nueri iik ■ r . ,|, , ,r roviil oulhority "i|iwil Imn
Who ... ;.l Md "'• »u.,....o,. ol '' "'V'* ''ii;'K«. ";r *" t u«lur cu„,|,lied with Ihi. h.»l.uls;«.
SebHatus, the haven of Ciieiarfn.
4. And here he louml « jH-rfect pud im«Mi*«
ed -olilude, while every body avoided h.m, on.',
nobody dur«» come Ht hinifc for he wuj .-.imily
hated bvull men; Biid now that hatred liwllili-
erty tftihow itself, iiml the drei>d men w. re ii. ;it
the. kinu'i alifeer made men kek). Irmn hii..; I.r
the vvbolecily [of Jeril.aUn.l was Idled will, tl.r;
-rumors about AulJjmler, ami Antipi.t. r l.u.in.U
Svas the only person who vvaMKiwrant ot ll.i.ii;
fur as no man »«» dlsn.i^'«'l.im>re ii.i.„'nil>> nilly.
Hh.ii he IxKan hii r»v»g^to liooie. so ^n.« no .
,„,.n now rv". ivr'l i>«i\- w.th ttrealrr ,-nini" 'J. ^
An.l indeed he began ahtadv to su.pmwI.H
misfortunes there wt rf- ift ll«fO'l <"H" >"' >'*
did he cunnin(,'ly eoiu^e.J his s.i«k(..I.; .ml .
while he was inwardly ready to .lie t.1r,)var. lit
put on a Hirceil iHihliieks of ro#Kn^m-e . ^^r
couhlhe now lly any »hilh«'r, ilor h«i! !>•■ "»?
,vi.v of en.erui..- o.il ol'tlie .liir.euUirs vv hirh .n-
romifas.ed lu»i. >'•»■ i'"'*'''' ''■■"! ■?•' V*^" ','"" "'T
certain iMlelliKciue of fi»> "Hairs ol Ihf r''f"
familv, by fiartin of the threats the kiu'^' liuJ
voiilhi.rt .rr..r». Vet at ll... sai.ie.tim*) that he
ijmnilud a creatdeal of his monev. by iiiakinR
ur. splits to »u.h as wrote against his brethren.
5id h. aim to bring 'his ac. oui.ls into confusion,
bv Imyiai! co»tly (Ca.ineuts, »nd carpets of va-
ri<.us .■oiitexlures* with silver and eol.l cups, and
»|rre»t...ai.y inorecurious thiiiKS. thats... uniohB
the very treat en pens, s lai.l .ml upon such fur-
Bilurche miKht conceal the mo.iey be had used
in hiring men [to write the letters;] for he
hroiiL'I.t in an account of his . xpeiisi s, ainoitnt-
rnirto twohuu.!r.d t;il.nH, his main prele.ici* f.-r
which was liie lawsuit he. luvd been in uilh >yl-
leus. Ho while all his rogueri.*, even those ol a
leH...-r sort ah«.,v*»re cover. <l by his greater vil-
lany, vvhili-all the exMninatious by torture pro-
claimeJ his attempt to iiiurtl. r his father, ami tlie
letters prodainfleil his lecond attempt I., iiiur.ler
hisbrethren; yet did noone of those that came
to Home inform him of his mislortiii)es in Juilea,
Blthough seven liioiiths had luterveiTeil betwei-n
his ci.nvit-lion andhis return, so great wsis Iho
■ then wrote I'r6m.a6iife, and informw^Lhisjricmls]^
•that he woiihl soon come fo- llieiii|^aml hov» he
i wa< dismissed with honor Ijr (;,«s6r? „ ■
3. ^0W the kirtg beiDR Vlrtirou*. to (cct this
plotter aK8\«^t him into his haiidsf Jiiid b. iiig aNo
afriiid lest ■ he should noi*! way come, to llie
knowledge ho* his aHi.irt stoad,- and be upon
■ hitBuarl. he dissembled his anger in jus epistle
to him. as Tn otIieV points he wrote kindly to hnn,
»nd desired him to make lm.-t<^ b.cau'fc if be
came quickly, he wo.dd then lay aside the cpmr
pLiiuts he hail against his iiwlher; for Antipater
was not ignorant that his mother had been ex.-
ntlledimt of (he palace, ^^n^. ver. hcha.lbefore
received a tait r. which contained an account ol
Ihe'death of lilu roras, at iurenlum,* an.l iiiaile
Meit lam«nlalions -8,1 if; for which some coni-
nunded him,i*lwin|j for l.'is o«u uncle; thoogh
probablrthis confusion aro?e dii account ot hu
. httvipp thereby ftviled in^ii? p)<»t [on his lather's
'. life,] anA his tears werfejiiore for the lossofbiih
that v^asto^inve been Bii1n>?t5Jeiit therein, than
►> for [nil nnile] I'heroras; inoreovtis a sort of fear
eaiiic upon hini as to his ilesigiis, U»t the ppnoif
•hoiiW have bVen dlscovcrwl. However, when
he was in t'ilicia, he rec« ived ^he Iprenientioned
epistle frour hi* fathei;, ami made" grcat^haste
Kccordiiigly. ' Hat wlieh lu-hat) spiled to Celen-
deris, a suspicion c,aiiie iot) -his iiiind relating to
hi* mother'* misfortune; as nhisijoul forcbod«!d
lome mischief to itiielf. Those fberefpre of . hi«
friends who were the wost considerate, Bdviscd
him not rashlv to go to his father, till he had
lenrBjd Vvliat iveve the ociasiftns why liij liioilWr
hail b.iMi eJK'ttd, liecause they wert afraid that
he might^Jc tiivolved in the ca'luinnies' that Had'
been cast upon !*• iilotlii^ri but those that were
: less coiisHlertMe, 'and had 'more. reg:ird "M> -their
cwn (leAires of s^'eiDg their native country than
♦ This Tnrf^muro has roln»^il> txtant,»«~ "
.- - ■'■-■■'I "■ "'■
■If' .:
B^teDd in-
nerhaiis he ahoal.l be -able to cU'.r l.uus. Il l>.v
impudence ami artful tricks, whi.h «. iv I.i
only tliii.K-i I" ''li'd "l'->'> '■'";'';" "chvenm..'.
.VAh.l with th.'se hopes di.l he screeii^iii...-.li
till he came to the paUce, wilhoiil aiu tii." «
with him: for tliese wi r« allronted aJi.l sl.iik ..u',
at the 4ir^.l gate. JNoh- Varus, the pK- I'l'iit "- '
Syria, bappiaed to be in th.' palace [at tl.iiifiiK-
lure :1 so Antipater went i|i to his falli. i ■ |>" '
•putting on a bold lace, hf\ came near t.. .•«liii>-
tiinr. but.IJerod str. tched out his han.is ^".d
tiirmil bis head awav iVoiil him, and cii. .| ...it. .
Kven this is a« imlinjtiim i)f « parnci.!..', t,i he
(hsiroustogetiiie int.. his arms, when lie is uii-
"der such heinous .liccusatinns. Co.l coiiluuni
tliecthou vile «ret.!h;(lo not Ihoih^oucb ii.v. till
thou hajt cleare.l thjtelf of these crH"'/ 'I'i'' ""
charged upon thee. 1 appoint thee ac>t*ii iVIJ'"^
Ihou-urt to be Jmlged*a...l tl... VyrJU. " '" '
very seasdiinblv'bere, to belli/ ju.lge; a.i.l '.jit
thou thy (Wfeiice rjBiilv against to-niornov; l-r l^-*
givetheJ. to riiwih.,tiiiif to jirej.are suitMl..- •»•
iuses- f/>r tliviejf-? And as AiitipaterVvirs ^.. c ">•
founded that he >as able to make no ansa . r *>
■this charge, heileiit -.may; bilfhis i.iotl.er ..ml
wife came to him.Nmd tohl him of all Jh. evi- .
dencc thev had gotten af3iin»t hlin. ir.,ir.if|'|.i>
ho recollected himself, Uml con,si<l.red whai iSt-
fence he iihpuld niake a|ain8t the accusaliwi.-.
' .V ■--.„ .CHARXXXfir ■ \.-'-:'^l
Jlnlipaltri»<fC<:vsedl>efore > «iy. nn<lj* iftl^'^
,(r«fl«-f>/;i!.-./tn«. i/cr.../i/«fJo/ '^H;f '""'«■
llimt,alni»TUtTcslltnUui. « • -
'il. Kow'the day foflowsng, ihrVrng: ^^'^
bled Bcounof hirkiusnien niitl friends, ami falP
\din AnffpatfR'* friends also: ,»«■«"'• ''X3*
witWI Varus, twere the prssitUnti; and Hcr<w>
cd|ed
b« brui
niesfic
trough
been ck
letter
thing*
thcr, d
jirociir
this ao
ti|>a|er,
futhc^'i
n»t coi
BJibiasf
wilt gr
■ innocei
2. II
hii pen
hut thi
ri|>htji
vile tv
abhor i
wofthy
, such il
pitied,
. t«ch w
klnjgdu
rwefe y
;,t»i«iri!
friendi
kings,
: have I
uieasui
was (h
^cessor,
dioigei
had be
tience
abundi
*eeiu<ei
uneasy
lie sta
ricide:
iifg liii
WHS Ol
thosis I
mild fo
l COIlf'l
g«ilty
act ag
forth.
.H«sa d
have I
niannc
aiu all
' the su
'ittd ^
•fifty ti
when
' three
* itnd h
Wtber
other
1' *>»««■■'
aniui
■ . W " '
tliis p
hopes
Thou
for -I
" • plansi
, tatioii
carei
. _intrui
canip
one s
V'f:
.!-•..
*■■■ \ -f '■ - " .ft' r
r
4. 1*
td liiin to. niaVt
jj llin jouriiijr ul'
ill itiinpiciiKi, and
mi'il Ii(i>rii>i4 UKaiiiKl
f liiid hi-,4 n iii<i\i:<i
iilg (i> lii« iili« mr.
«Tmil 111! In 111 !"■''• t
itbauril to <li-)irive
for lh« mikr of an
mtlitr to rittirii to
lUthority <i|iuii liiin
iliun uiihlHiKruiiiit
itii thin li»t nil (icr.
on [to hii (lnlriM:-
•ca, and luiuliil at
ri4'Ctpiul imex[K:«
r Bvouk'd UiiDi <in<!
for li« Will ic|ii«ll)i
hat liiitrt'd hwl li!i-
rrad 111)11 w< rr in tit
(«k)i iViiiii \m», i
j was lillcd vvilli Itir,
I Antipiiti r liuvisiU
iHiWixiraiit ol till III ;
iTOri' iiiiyiiil^ i iilly ,
) Itoiiif. so >vii« no
li uri ulfP i|;iiun|iivr.
(ly to sui-pfrl.wlnit
li«r<)d':i§iiuiily; j«i
liiA i«ii^i(.''<oli; <>ii<l
f to ilit: filr.'Jtar, lit
I' ruujilinaiii'e . Nv^
M'r, iior had lif "*»
iliirieuUif" vvliirli in--
ladhi^ tv^ii lli*f>;a.U»
rttVaini of tlir h'.i'''
iriMl^ tliv kiuu liuJ
I Kniiill Ijoiim Ml li'i-
lltlMfj? Iliiil Ijttii iVi-
vTj had liicii iiiai'.i'.
to clir'ir liinisill li}
kx, \Vhirli «i r.- tin
iir lii« iiilntraiii,''.
(lid lii-s(T<i;iiJnni.-!ili
willioiit inn till II «
iVroiitcd aJVl' sliiiVn'i'. .
rii», tilt! |iiiu.liiit "i '^
11^ palacr t"' tliir^nK-
i|i tu liis fathi 1, nu'
cimie ii*»r ti< i-'ilulr
I out his liaiiijs ,^iiiil
III liiiii, and riii-4 I'lit. ,
1 of a parriciili ', 1 1 1*
iirnis, u lieu 111- is uii-
linns, (iod ioiil'uu"!!
not IhoU^^ouiJi III'', li"
,f thisi! crHni/ tliiiiiiri
iiilitthte aiVj*)l iVljiTc
id tlit» V»flll, "liu "
)e lliy judj{«'; ami S''
aiust to-iiiuii'iiiv; J'T I v
jiffiiaff suitril'ic nt"
s AiitiiiaterVMfsMiiia-
to make n9 aii»M«r*»
,■; but'his rnotliir iiini
Id him of all tl" '"■ •
i»iin»t him. lUirn^)""
«l coi}i*idirid wir.il df
lilst tlic ticcusaliMii*.
LXXfir - *i'
e > arn-t, and it conr|>f:
iiinst bis falliirlhl'-' ■
friid /nfaoiriih-fi'iii^ii- '
•(>i'j?rt(i,ohJ,»ij//ic""''"' ;
ii^i. 4. /■ ■ • . ;;,
(WHiig, Ihr liiiiB; i';"'"'"!;
•n Biiti friimU, and talP
1 bUo; H*roil. hmisi-ll.
pirtsitUiiti; »ud Hiroil-
ciJIed for «)\ the .witnetwi, «id orUrr. d (luui to
be liruugbt in'< Biiioni; whom «oiiii> ol thi; ,ilo-
nirific iwrvanti of Anti|mt< r'« uiolli«r wpr<i
brought in alio, whoh»«l hut afitilf while bifore
beeii CHU|{lit, an lliiy were cnrryinif th<i following
l«tt<r from l)«ir to h«r ton: " ^iim* all tlioW
thing* have bt«n «lr»»dy dijiovfrtsd .to thy fa-
thtr, do not thoU roiiie t« hirti, uinleH thou caiitl
jirorure loiwt amiflancc from Cu'iaf." When
thia and the other witm-Mn w<ririnlr*<W«d, An-
tinalrrrBinuin, iiud IuIIhik on h(« f.n:« l)«l'ori-,hi«
fatlii4'« tit't, h«' »aidi "I ulfiir, I l).-i.»crli tlin; do
n»t conilf mil me beft.rrliaud, but kt thy eiirn b«;
BJibiaMiil, aiiil attend to niv dtlViitej lor if tliou
wilt givi- nie leave,! will <lemo(ulr«t« that 1 urn
'-■ innocent." ■
2. Hereujion Herod cried out to him to lioW
bii liciicc, and <|ioke thun to Varun: "Iruudot
hut think that thou, Varu*. and every other up-
rii>htjudKe, Will ditermine llial Antipiter u a
vile ttreti;li. I am, also lifraid thai thou wilt
alilior my ill fortune, and iud^c tiie aUo mysejf
woj-thv of all, »ortii of calamity, for Bt'|j|ettiii(j
, Mill ••hildren, *liile yet I oiiijht rather to be
pitiell, who havebuen no airecKoqate a lather to
sudi wretihed nohs; for when 1 hati nettled the
kliijgdoui on my former «pn«, even when Mii'v
i-wcre young, and. when,; l»*«ide» the charge* of
" tliell' education at Komei t bat! made tht'm the
ROOK I.-CIIAP. XXXIl. ' 447.^
the cuaidian of my hoily! Ami when l>ClilMo ,
niino, t) V iru«, his rraliilw "t uiion evtry orcB- '
■jiiu, and hi* art ol di<« iiildiii;:, I laii iiiirilly ba-
here tliiit i am otill ulive, and I woniti<r how I ,'
have eacaped »ii< h a i|i ep pl.illi r ol niiiH'lijef.
However, mm')' niiiiie l;ili or ullier iiiiiki i uiy '
houie tIeiMilate, iiiiii piT|ietiially ruiHi-i up tlio*e
that are diard to iim^ againul ine, I will witb
tear* lameut my hard lorl4iii>!,. ami privately
groan under my lonetonie comiKioii; yi t I am
re*olv«d that no uor nliu tliiril^ niler tny i Imid
*h*ilK laciipe puni«hiiitnl. altiiiiui(li tlir evid<'iic«>'
nhould exti lid itM'Fr to 111! iiiy.«oii»."
U. llpoiiileroil » saytiix tiiiii, he wai iiiti.rriipl-
I'll by the eiiulUKi.m lie h.k in, biuorderid .Nit-o*
lau*, one of liM friiiiiI^,-to |)roduei''ttit' rtnit'iice
agaiu*t Aiilip'tler. liul ill the mean tune i(iili'
{later lilted up bin hear, (fur lie lay on Hie uruiiiid
lefore liii iatiiir^ liet)^ and cried out .iliiid,
^'* 'I'lioUf O fattier, haU mmlr my apology iormr;
for how can I be a parriei<li'. wlhim ilioii tl iiiif -
coufeAe*! to hate^ alwax liad I'oi' tiiy guan rfoY
'I'liou ealieiit iiiy filial alieclion proiiigiona lii'itatid
hy |>ocri«y ; how tli< n lonhl if lie tliat 1, wli i wM
*o subtle ill other maUi-ia. ulioiild liiii' be v* oiad
a* not to uudi rstaiid that it walnut eu>y tliiit he
Whucumniilted ao horriij a crime aliould he i.in-
ceuled from men, but 4iii|ioM<ible that he should
be <-oiic«al«'il fr,Mii tlii>Jiiiig« of lwa»«n»-wlio'
ilieir eiiucaiioo ai nouie, • uau iii»u« i,,........ — .--.-..... ...... „■.,., .._
Vrieiid* of t'leaari and made them envied by irther | ae«;a all thing*, and la pre>. lit evi ly wlierr ! or
king*, 1 found theiii pliitttng againlt ihe) '''eae
: have liet'U put to death, and that, in a great
measure, for the sake of Antipater; for aa he
Wa* (hen young, and a]ipolilted to be my anc-
^cenaor, 1 took care chielly to secure hiiii frtmi'
diiiigrr: but this prolligatr wild beaat, when he
had been over and above aiUiated with Ihal pa-
tience which 1 showed him, he inado. uae of that
abunilauce I had given him against iiiyeelf; for I
seemied to- hint to live too long, and h£ was Very
lineaty at tiie old age 1 wni arrived nl,' nor'Coiild
.he stay any lonifir. but would l.e a, king by par-
ricide: And ju>. 1 am served by him lor bnng-
iiig liini back out u. le country to court, uhen he
waa of no e^e«mi In fore,, and for Ihru-iiin;; out
Ihowi BOiii of iiitiie that were born of the i|uei'n,
and for making hpii a aiicceasor to my <loiiiiiiii>ii».
1 conA;»»'lo Ibee, O Varus, tlu; greji'l t'.dly 1 was.
' ^ifty ol';^Jt>r 1 i^ovokcd tiRb.-ie sons of mine to
act again** iiie, aiid cutolT their just i'X|iectulioiis
for the sakl: of Antipater; and iiiileed what kind-
.hess did
have done
manner^ , ... ^
aiu alive,' tuid vvlHim I haveopiilly named lor
' the successor to ni\ dominions in my tiatament,
"kod given him ii yearly ri vciiin' ol his oivu of
'fifty talcntii, and supplied him M'ith money to an
. eifrav^inaiit digri:e niitol my own i-rveiiue; and
wheit)ic< was idiuut lo rail to Hoim, 1 ;;a»e hi
I* three hundred talents
I I do to them, tliUt Cuiild i^ml -tvhat J
jiie to Antipater.' lo whom llbiive, in*
'.yielded up i(iy royal »ut(ioi(^ "while 1
Und him aloUc of all luy cliHdrch, to Ciesar, as hi* . bilieved tluf^.ijii
■ 'lither's di'liverer, iNow what crime* were those '
other son* of iiiinc'j;iiilty of like these of Aiili-
' ■^' (later! and what evidence was there brouglit
araiiiit theni sA sti'ong m there i» to demonalrate
. , uia i^n to have plotteil against me? Vet does
* this parricide presume to speiik Idr hioiaill', and
Kope* to nlisvure llie triiili by hiai'iinning trick«.
r Thou, O Varus, must giiard tliyst^l aj;auist hint;
for '1 kiio* the i^vihl lieast, aad I fonisee how
- '• plansibly he will talkj liiid bis Counterfeit laiiien-
d_.l 'Cl.^ I... .ii.k.. ..V I. ........ 1 ■>>..' '#>. Itn.'.. n
did not, I know whateml my lirelhreii ciiiiii tu, oil
whom Ciod inlhcted so great a puui'-hini'iii for
their ev(ldesinii«iiiiiiii«l Inn; .' Ami, iii.Ueil, ivliat
was there tlialeould p«siihly provoke iiie n^'iiinst .
thecf (Tould the hope oj'b'iiii;; a king do It.' 1
WHS a -king already, (.'oiild 1 sui>p< cl hatn <l t'roiii
thire'.' Alo: tVaa M.Vtl 1^1 lox'il by thei .' Aii.liiliat
other fear could I liavtl J\ny, by pli -i rviiig* '
thee sale, 1 was all rror to others. Di.l I «aiit
moiieyt i\o; lor»vho^wa« able t»i exptiid so ,
much as my sH I.' ,liideed, fatherj had I iin h tiie
must execrabf&'of all mjijikiii<T, and liMii I liad
the Siiul of tlu[ uiost criii I uild bea>l, lllu^t i not
Ipive been ov^M^mi: with jTe binelits tliou hadst
bestowed upon -me.' whcnn, as tlifiu ihysiHsay-
*'st, thou broiiglitest [iim. the piMaci-;] v.liom
thou diilst prij^t bi fuefl, «) many iif tbi- son*;
whom tlioHJii^'sl a kiniliii thine own, lit'i (ime;
and by theui*! iiiagiiiliKb' of tliV otiier alhan-
' taj^es thou ftesliwi d-t on on , tliou iiiaile^t me an
object of eniT. t) miserable ilian! that tliou
shonlilst ulnli'rgo tlii* liittir absi iice, and there^
by lill'ord a grial oppoituiiity liir eiuy lo ■lise
and a long space I'nr siiih asjj((fire .
giiH^^giiiii-t thei! Net Was I ^ment,
')M' iiliaiiN, tloit Sylleus ,iiiii;l[t nOt
|h 'eolllilnjit illlhilieiililWsi • Kouie,
Illy Ijiifti itlfi ction; and »i) l^ Cjiji-.'^
f ilie liaOiJalile.earlli, who ol'iiii-" .
I imi;)'hdopiil. K« ' 'lake Jn re'l.li^'h'fi. ,v
^ij.i'liil thcixthiy nie iiiofe t.i bft,;
: litimj iiim
awl riromiiii mie.d him.Jterali -w.
Iiifrtrfjie .rtHliiniiii. ■ raised here ;J|tn'se
letters are li^' only apolicy; tin si I 4ise Ka the
d' nioiiAtratiiiii of tluu ualuiiil atii<lioj( [Tiavi-to
thee; Kemeiiilier that it was against' my
chi'i<:etliat 1 s(iile<l Ho Ibiliiu.J askiipivinij thij
tent hatred that wa's inuhe liiiiuduiii ligainst nif.
It wasthyu, O latlier, ho>\e»er nnivillin:;!* , who
hast bel'irmyruii^'by lor. in|: iiu.lo alluwtime
.fOj|y!abiiiuiies«gaiiist me, au;l i nvy at niv. How-
ever, ^ am cidiie iiillier, ami- am reailv to iiear,
the evrreme there i- inr.iui-t ijje. ll i be a pur-
, totioii. This was he -who exhorU'd me to have a I ricide, I havepiisseil l>y l.iird auiUiy sea, without
careof Alexander when he was rdiv#, and not to I »ulieri,|ifr any misi .rtiini in either "I y.eai: but
intrust my bodv with idl men! r^iis-wasbc who tlliia method oi trial is no ad\ .Hlag.- to iiie-, tor it
'' 'came V illy Ve'ry b«d, ai^l liio,|j(ji?^)out lest aiiv ! seems, O^ttitlier, ihil^jl. ""i idn.i ly romljoined,
one shouhl lay snares for me I.? This' »as he who i both beloVe tiinj ihiiI fol.m thee: anil a* I imal-
V looW care gf my sleep, and secure'd ift- fronj ahy'i readv roBileiiiiuvU^ I lie<{. thai llum will o t be>
fear of danger, who coiiifortf^ i^ under the ] lieve-.the others that lm\e bee'i loriured, hut M
" (Rouble I'was in lipon the slaWl^teToi" my sorts, I fire tie broiiglit ro torment nir; htkthe raflti-
and looked to see what alfectiolt my siirvirtng I march through my bowels: have iio'.regiiijl t*',
Jirethrcnboreuiel This was'iny protectbr, and I • • * A lovnr of tiia fattier. .
:■:.■'.. ^ ■■■'-' • '- , ' ■-*■-■ : V. •■ ■.: ' .. ■ ■
S-'v.
'•V ■
,,*«»,■. ■
"•~-"'>"vn..™^^„.
ri*v>"""
Sli«(^
448
WARS OF Trif JEWS.
!>:-"
■<•- V.
forirW V h« WR. moreo«r rr«Mly d"»«"rbe'l. *wl
in H tiM»«ion, li<r«u.« l>«! h*cl iiliiiirtt fl'im l>ii m-
tff oii'iAiitiuttUr'. »c<ounl. He iliJ no \»nftr
d»liiyihfr«/oru to Itfing him to piiiu.limcnl l«r
Willi i«iii*iii»imii «■•• w.. ,....B. ",i„„i„ hi. i nil Itii rrlmoil vft'wiitn lie wat t«g< rly puMu-
r«t, ami V.rM. »VP»'»'7'":_'»5°?L'l':r^l':..„" • "g An"p|._r.Sr- wa. rc.tn.in"l h|^ .. K,vtre .l...
tnf IwnrnUtiom" that thit polluted boily c.n
without l..rturr." 'I'himlid ^«\V'*i'^* ^%^,^l
with l«ni*nlalmn and «e«|>in(r. and moved ajt Ifte
i« ... i.^.ll... I.. «<nniiiilirrntr till
V>
••■■«•«..
^,t
mil variH in ii«ruvM-»ii •" v»...
c»t< . Urrod w». the only |X-r.oii who.e iMMion
wai to Urong to permit hiiii to wt*p> •* ''°°''"
loit tliat the icitimoni. • «i{ain«t hint wef^ •''>'«• _
4. And now it wa. that, at the king' coin-,
maud. Mcolnun. when he had premwed a gri'al
deal hbout thi craftine.. of Antipater. and hail
urevented tlie iflVcti of their commiwration to
rim. nfl.rwiird brought in a bitter and "r^ «f-
eutati».i upiibrt him. aKribing all the wicked-
„e»* that Knd been in the kingdom to him, er.pe-
cially the murder of hi. brethren, and demon-
«tate,l that they had perished by the C"'""'";"
h« had niiied agidint them. He b1«o »i(id, tlijit
he had laid de.ign* aguin.t lliem 'h"' ":"*„'' .
,livf, a. if lh.y were h.ying plots for the .ufe.-
lionviiii.!. will he. how can rt,be JotP""*^*^"*
Aniipa. f
ttiiiner he fell into. U.wever. he lenl nn ac-
courtl to Cie.ar a«)out Acme, and the contriViincei
aitainit Salome; he -ent al.o for hi. te.lmii.nt.
aSd altered il, and ih. rein niaile Aiitipa. kii.g,.i
takins no care of Arrhelau. and I'luhp," becmie
'Antipater had bla.led their repututinn. with
him; but he bequeathed to Ctwar, be.ld.-. nth.r
pre.ent» that lie gave him, ■ thoiHiiiid tahiiU;
a»nl.o to hi. wife, and children, and Iriend.. Hii.l
freid-men, about five huiidri.1 : he hUo biquenth-
ed to all other, a great qunntlty of Uiid an.l of
money .and .hbwed hi. re.pect. to jMilonie hii
.i.ler, by givitig her most iplendld gift". Ant
ihi. wa.whatwM eontained in hi. te.tanK
it wu. DOW altered.
CHAP. XXXIII.
e.tament, >i
v.
■X
\lain. ih iureivti himjht Day; am 1^'^ ilui.
t 1 Now Ht rod', aisleiiiper beranio more nnU
mcifo'-sevjiraitohim. and thii berau.e th.ne hi.
disdrdev. fell-upon him in hi. old age, and vvbea
ho^«. in nvniehmch.dy condition; for he w.i
»lrea<W. 8lmi.« ..veiity year, ot age. and liaJ
been brrisght low by the calamitie. that happen.
e.l ?o him about hi. children, whereby he hmlDQ
pleasure in IKf** even when he wa. in health; the
iriefalio that Antljwter wu. ltd alive aggrt-
?ated hi. di.ewc. whom he ra.olved to put to
death now hot «i randoiii^but a. icon as he .hoiiM .
be well again, iind rt«ol«d to have huu .lajii L>»
a public diBiiiitr.] ' . , .
2 Thern.- nUo now happened to him, anioDg
hi. otbir. calamitie.. a certain popular .edition.
Thri% were two mi ii of learning In the fltj
f Jeruwieni.l who were llioughl the mo.t skilfu
fn the laws of their country, and were on that
account had in very great e.steem a I , over tta
nation; they were, the one Judas, the .on Ot
HepphoriS. ami the other Matthw.. the .on of
: Mirgalu.. There wa. a great concour.c ol he
Kafound a bt^r writt«.by Salome.,.i«om, .n- yi^^i;^^::^^^::^ S"o^« "
lii... paper, ap.l h»d,«enS.t tallimjir.vBte^, out «'« ^^ ,»"^^^ \^ „ere:gro*in^i 4 to b.
of her itood-wil to hi.ii. 1 hi. letter o siiiome \\ oi »?■ "J ,_ , , -..r, | (hat
containil the iiio.t bitter reproiiehe. <• ;^th«^mS. '-"i^/^:;:;\^^^i~^ iSeJaiuholj , and
and the highest accAjiatiOB. again*t hirti- AH': tli« kmi, was » h _,{_,_-_,, J,„,^ ,„ „,j,f
Lrtet had forged tlii^ letter, ami had corrupte l"
IT I ...r_ i„.i i.»r i,T ...nd It to Herod.
hid treat iiwiicniitlon a. lo «iir-««»ii "•,'"•■'-
ra'.. Kecause Antipater bad been for y'k'ng >>"»
murder hi. hfother,aBd bad corrupted «h«'« >!»»
were dearct to the king, ami filled the whole
nalnce with wickednc..; ami when he had In-
.iifed on many other accusation., and tli« prools
for them, he left. off. ■ / „„«.
5. Then V«ru»bid Antipater make hi. defence.
■ but h* lav long in silence, and .aid no iiiore Dut
noceilt." >So Varu. asked for the potion, and gave
it to be dfiiAk Jjy a condemned malefactor, wlio
WB* then in >i«on,who died upon the wiot, ho
Vnrus, whirf^he ba<l had a very private Jiseourse
with He^d,aiidhadwrittenanaccountof thisas-
»«mbly to Cnwr, went away after a .lay » .lay.
The ting nl-'i bound Antipater, and sent away to
infom Ciesar of his mi.fortune.. , . _
6. Now after thi.it WB. discovers)) that Anti-
DBter had' laid a plot against Sulonie also; lor
She of Aniipbilu.'. domestic servant, ^nme. »"'
brought letter* froin Rome, trom a mnid..er»ant
of Jflia. C*.ar'. wife, wbo*e name was Acmi.
Bv her a message was tent to the king, 0">» »»»^
bad found a 1. tier written by Salome, limong Jii-
with a distciiipcr, they dropped wAirds to their
aciuaintame, how it was now a vejwjnop.rtinie
to defend the cause of God, and to piill/own «hlt
had been erected contrary to 'til* I*"", "', «►>"'
country ; for il was unlawful there shouhl he any
such thing in the tenipHe a. iniagtfs. or lace», or
the like representation of any 'animal whatso-
ever. Now the king ha.l put up a gold.n'.ag «
over Ihi great gate of the temple, which llifse
r-7:Whe.fth^.Ji.isile.Wa. discovered, tinawnax IrSLr'tLa^ iJ^fri-:^:::^ m.;dli:Jr^'a;:^
the epistle forged ^against .^^\'^>»»:'="'>XVtr t was a eloriou t ng to die fortlie laws of thei;
suspicion ca^ie into V", ''"'g'; !"W'' '^^^ P*^ o ,dry ;^becau'e ll.af the «1«1 Wa. immortal.-
hap. the Kttej. against Ahian ler '*'■"- »V° '° ",7'«,utl.eirllvesforth«vlndicatlon'dfi:<W;«:u«
,. since mijlls nn.1 the fotlowins "«' '^ *«,h<.ve an | J" '^J V«™V Y*^ a. well «- of ihe ail.wer.
e.identacrOH,itofthe Jewi.hoi.inon. in We.^^^^^^^
iowpliu.., al««l a future •>»I'P.V'?,'?;,* ,'^ J ,1,7x1 "4' ' ami ready fo .lie for ihij wiiie ; I mean a. rOi.n.atP.I vrt^,
lionof tl.r.lra.l, a. in lheN?w "'""!'"'' •^".V-fr:: i ?",, pncnnd nrnuinei.ls and answer, rq.r.senl.'. la %,
I .hall iLTcrflcr totheoilie» plarcs in J«»,e|ilm», l>. tore , '" P"' ' n*^,vii.fli. vi. sen. 2; 3. A like iMI'f','"*
• ,'Za.ue an KMonite fhrisl ian * ";^^'':'""'i«':', ^ \ jVSieww'nn II entile notim,.tl.e(..a.l.-V,^^
Ume mailers: Of the War. It. n.rlll. vin. wc.J(l,n^^
Hi. rli. viii. wri. I ; H. viu.cb. vr; 'ci'- ;••,«""■ *"""• , " J^," '™ ,, ,. n.'e t'l* like al«> in thifr ruse ot I .e a >
.R. ii. sect. •.in : wjKTC we mnyolwerTe.tliat none,of liesc .1 W'; "^^^ ' ti,c.,\.itii|UHiOT, B. jriH;«li.». cevi.!';;'"*
"aii.«L-e. «r.! in Ms 1«"Kh »^^''\'''"{i';^r.'.,'^'ZiEm U ' el.'l .crl. VU H. iv.ii. cli. i. w-n. 5, and roo.|;a>ed„
f.;;he,i;;wr;or:!:;d:':^"S^^^^^^^^ .ue^o^ .0.1.040 ,
taSve now htfiU IIS in JoHe,,hu. , reprenemunan of .he , epnitW^
II,Vuineni«uwdbylherahhjn.topeisu«d*ih6,r.rliol.l. „ ^
eater tiaa lorgeo hub iki"!-! »•"■ ..•.-■.-•-.,
Xcme.and p<rrs.iaded her to send it to Herod.
This w»s prov.d by h<r letter to Amipnter, lor
(<bus .liihtliiii woman write to Iriin: "As [h<>n <le-
.,«-,.. t h!,yc written n lettar to thy lather, and
have .ei.t that letter, and am persuaded thal^ the.
kioK will not i.pare 'bis sister Vlrhen he read. it.
Thou wilt do well to renieinber what thou hast
pr..mi«!d„»b««()|ll i. •cconipb.hid. ., ^
7. Wheiithi. epistle^waa discovered, will nnat
itljr diiiurhril, tad
liiiciit liliiin (lit ill-
le tlid im liiii|[t'r .
lu piiiniliiiteiil lor
vBi i'a|{<'r|> |)ur«u-
pil liy 11 mtvire ilit-
vr, w iKnt nn ic-
1(1 lheciinlriViinc«i
fur lii> (ealiiiiKnl, .
Ir Aiitipu kiii|;,M
lid I'liilipi' bKCiiiw
rrpulutioni wtth
nar^ bt'iidm other
1 tlioiHiiiid Inlrnti;
n, and Irirndii, and
: he nUu bt'i|uciith-
itity of land and of
tct« to'Sulonie liii
dendid K'f'»- ^"''
in hi* tcttunient, >i
III.
■cts. Htrod'^Swr
die. He ttlltmpli f,
\nds Anlipatcr to it
J)ayt,ani iUinitill. °
tr b^rnnio more nha
4 htrause th<»* hi"
» idd iige. and vvbtt
idition ; for hi' w«i
iim (if «Ke. and hail
iiiiities that liappen.
, whrrtby be bail no
e wai ill' health ; the
u itill alive »Bgr»-
! rcKulved to put to
t ia loun mbe should .
to have hill) alnjii [ia
ned 'to him, anwog
lain pjpular aedition.
learning in the rllj
ugbl the most skilful
y, and were on that
■ c.tteeni all , over the
e Jadaa, the aiin of
Matthiiu, the son of
eat roncourac "'" 'h"
fhV 11 thrv I upounileil
tlur < VI ry ditj iikind
B'grovuMH up to be
n were iiiloriind that '
with imlunc b»U ■im)
ipped winU to tlieir
ow a \cu'Ulop< riime
and toptiIIlJo»ii«h»t
to tlu: liiWH ol their
il there ahoiihl be any
■a iniiig«» 01 liii n Of
■ ally Biiinml « b "Co
nut up a g(dd< n' iisli
1 temple whiih llife
em to cut <lo«ii unJ
)uld any dun|{er arisf
lie fortholHuaoftlieif
will! waa ii ortd *
9Vlndieatlonori AiUIjw
1 «cll aaof llii iiM«»c'«
, wliealbc^y \ver< "H"
liiieimoaroniiuiti'lftiilv,
i«\> en< rcpn itnii I m ""
n. • I A Ills. iMHircara
iolmnatlii*inib»»'ini»«
. lit I h VII w.rt T H «»
alKOiii thfrruM, ot ilif j
H.B xin;cli V ceil ' '™
, i.j^trl S and rooip™''
•w» B il rh mil «<«' -
If rca»on to till (.riHilnH
he ill()Mt<t the 4(>w« <>>'■"
fuid (hit an
ftemai eaiovmeut of baiil>ifli »< did , whoU' Jml.li iiiitinn, i.iit of eVVrvtirjJJ ip,, into
...<'.'.. .'^ . I ^1... I ..!..».. ,..11... I .Lu ii;.. i» ■..*..< ill..... .Ill
140
imrult aUC
' meiiii-'ipirit)
h aa died on I'hat ucpiiiul; while the [ jilare cillnl ibk' Ui|i|..Hlriinn. tiO'i thin uliul
oiiuuK
„ ,1, and Ihote Ibiit wire not. wi.« : iheiii in. , lli ihiii i ullnl fur Jim >1.ilt i h doiiie
hill allow a light love u\ Ihi ir .onU, prt-.|.'Hml hi r liodwiid Ab \it«, miif nnnli "^Ilc 'jMich
tliiil which i» Un them ; "I Hii>»v will •Aiinti. Hurt llif Jiwa
fcrrnl diath by n ilmaM! iH-iure
(he risnlt ol a vlrtuoiui liibiivior.
J.^^Al the aiiuie tiuie that tin i.e imirinnde thia
apt tell ID their iliai'iplm, » ruiiior wii» apriiid
k
ill k<
aWoiid that the kiuj? wut iljinj;, wblili ftia>lt' ?''«•
young iiHU aet abimt the tt.irk nith grea'ti r
boldiie>a; lhe> thiniurii lit tlimMeKia down
^(roni the tup 01 tin tiiuple with thick (oiil<,tind
titl*> a inid-diiy, iinil \Uiilt: u great juinitier uf
iieopU HA'e in the tenipk, and t'ul lionii that
gobit-L i.inli'willi ii'm». I Ills ttailireii' nU."' t'dd
. tq tlV kiM(;N eiiptuiu of the tiiiiplv, ulm tiiiiie
rihiiiitig yvllli u (iiiril bmly^cjif iioliii'r«,aii.l I'liiiijlit ut Konif, wluri liy im..riiialmn wii (iii
rtbout Jciil) I'i llM■Jllun^ iMin, miff lir.iir^bt llliin ' ^ '■ •'■•"'■ ■•■ "—- ■■
to fhe »i"S' '^'fl win n br ii^ki il tiiim, lirat of
all, whilher liny l/uil bn'O Bu h ir.,j »» to cut
ilowft th«; gol.iien i Jsli', tjiiy f onli r« d they bud
done toi uud nliiii he ai>ked tin ni by whoae
cjininiand liny huii done it. Ibe) re|!li<>l, iit' tbe
loniniiiHil 6l-lhe lifw nf thi ii- ei.iiiiUy i an-l kIuii"
lie fuiilier,«iked llniii bow tiny iniild br »o
joyfuf when Ibey were lit be put to ili
'riplliitl. btiuuse Ibiy ,-li >iiM eilfiy glei
pineHa lifter they wi ii clmd.
.1. At tbia tin
iliiiili, thty
lifer hnp-
tepil le^Jii.il iiptiii iiiy iiiiilli; biiiirdf, It
il in my p"wi flo lii. iiuilTnii'il f>r cm nlmr ac-
cuuHla, and In liiiti' n »|iliiiiliil fiiiii nd, li you
wUt but 111 riiliii 1 1 11 III l» III! riiiiiiii.iniik. I>6
you but tiikr.i'iire to «i iiil/anlditf • to eiii''Hiipa«a
these null tliiit till' ii"W III nialoily, aiK ^blV
tlH'iii imiiii diiiii ly upon my ile.itb, i.ihl linn aU .
Judeiit tuid I'll rt liniily ol them, n ill Hit p .it it..
wbelhir:lluv imII.i)'iio."
7. I'lieM >vt ir lilt' cowinaniU be K'^' Ibiiii;
when there eiiaii' li tliia fioiii liia iiiiiliiii..uiiiira
ilial
Ai'iiie ' wilt pill III Ui atli III Cietiir ^ I'l'innu.iiM,
and lliiit Alillpali r wat t'nnili>iniiid to dii ii.iw-
enr. tbty mnif HUlial, tliat if lli ru.l bad .»
niimi ralbt c lu luiniiih liim, j'.i nar had pi imijUMl^
liitu ro toilo, >>o he fir II hiMe uhili' n s.TTd'^"'
and bad II tli>itiMi> livy; liiil. prt...i iilli mli r be
•W4« fiverbiirllf li\ bia paiiii, and «.iH ilij.jnti nd
by wHiitv.' lood, mid by a <oiniil<iv> coiit',b., onif
• wi 11. iltatl. • ■ .
!• kiil^ iviiiiniutli iiii'ivtrava-
j^aiit, paasioiiv llial fi*" tiveieuuit: liiH-t.ii^(-;iie *' fur
the tune, J ami wiiil out, lllld/^|:lllt^ Ij the pi .>•
plef; wbereii^ hi- iiiade a' vti.ri'iblt: ureiii'iilion
uyaiiiat tbu>e men, u^i beliig; giiiliy nf sac rile|;e, j hiiiii) red,
und u.s niukiug gieulir utlemiil* iiiiili r |ut tinee
of their l^w, und lie thought (hey ili aii'ved to be
puniabed uh iiupiuiAi pir^oiiii. VVhiteupiin tin
[1«0|1I'
ey ilisii'ved to b
VVIiiteiiin
.were alraiii le>l a great number nbould
I inli'iivond to pill lilt* a iiiiliii'.d iiialli"; mi he
look aii..iippb' and aikrtl fill u knilV, f'rbi ii-ed
fo pan- a|'|diB and e.il lliiiii; be then I iiked
rniud nliiiut in »ir that llu re «.i« ii.ibipil) lo^
Ijiiidir bill), imd jitli d irp hii rigbl'liaiiil a., il he."'
would "tall hiiiiai If; but Ai'biiibu!>, Ins lir^n oii»iii,
I'anie riiiiAiii); |o him, niiil liehl Iim hahil,^iiiid
nilriiin »> doing; on wbii'li'o< tiuion v,
VI rv giearKlaiii|Uulniii Wii.i inaile in the paljicc,
ii« iV the kiW wRexiiirin((. A» won »- ever Aii-
tipnter braril that, lie look finirage, niiii with
joy ill Idi looks Infdugbt hiii keepi r«, lor ii anin .
J"J - ' ... f
of iiKiney, to loom' hiiii and let Iiiih go, but ibe..
priueipiil kiepiT of'lUe prj«on diil not only ob-
struet liini in that bia iiilinliou, but ran ami told '
ibr king what bis cii-igH waa, hi reiipon tin- king
oiii'd oul lAiidel- than lii.H (iiaieniper woiilil wt'll^
bear, iiml inlimdiaU ly i>iut aiinie of hii guards ,.
and flew Anlipaler; lie uNo g^ ve or.li r lu have
biui bnrii'd at liyreaninin, and ultered lii> tea-
taiiii nt iigiii|l,Mii.l till run imidi^ /Virbelaii.i, bil
elile<t lion, mid llir brother of Antipas, hi* aucr
ce'■^ov, and imiili- .\nlipa» tetniri'li. »
a, Sii 111 roil, haying suiMved tlw' slaughter of
bil yon live da\s, liinl, liaving'reigin d lliiity-
Iie iuuud guilty, and d<>ired iliat wln'ir)ir had
lirat puuialied those tl\at put tli^in updii tliii
work, and then thoie that im rwi'tiiigbt iifit,,he
ivuuld leuv,e oil hia uii;ji i; ih to the le-t.: '\\ illi
(Ilia the ki^ig Complied, tli^mgh not \MlLioiit\iiiUi-
I'uity, iiild. ordered thuie tti^il had li I tliriii?ii\;lvi'a
down, togetiier with llii nibbins to be liMnit
idive.^t dilivered the reit^lhal we.ru caughVlo
the pr^nr oliieeralo be put hi ileiilii by tlieiijv ;
5. Alter tbia tlie liisteinpeit !.i itiil npiiii'il\i*
WhoU' body, and greatly dis iidVirdall hi^parVi
with 'tariou.i>syi|iptoiiist |or thVre vvim u gn lit
I'rver (jpon him, und an iulibrtitil" itdiiiii; on i^, ... . , ,
all the aurfuce of bia body, -and luiiliiiual |iaiii«\r„ur ^eiirs «inri- bi bad caimd Aiitigonbi In b*
Ml Ins lolon and dnpivl linn i i li nit In l<lani and obi iiiii hi km.., loiii bntlliiily ■n\Ln
Itel, and an iiillamin 111 Ui ol tin >b i (in i mil i \i ^|.< '•nn ■ li h ui In i d inadt^kiu). b\ (In Ho
putriliilion ol bijiprnv iiininir th'l |i dm iil iiiiiii Novv ^i I r 'oi I ii'in it « i pi ijitr
Wuriii.< lii'idis nliiili 111 111 1 diniiidty ol ou^i im nil ulliil nsjint't ii i^i i nut oll>i lyiiiun
brt itliing upon hiin mil i|^l il t 'ii illii lint rf uld bf «o nimi Jn in a p/n Hi mail lit i lit iiD-
mIkii Ik aat upii^lit and )iit i in i ) ion ol all td the I iiu I mi and ki pt il « il ii^ audi it if lu
his mimbiii iiiaOniiK ii lint tin intitiiiK ml liivoHn-im> biA <lill in In in mi stii illiiiilie
4liu«e iipiaaia were u piinishm nt up la bim I ir Ma< n inoit unlortnii iti man Aon In I >ri ihi
what br had done to Kii r li in ^li did hi ^ ldiiiski|i» <t bi i nith ^aloiiii ami In r liiia
itrug^b »ith Ilia uumiious di.iiii niiil -till bmltumi oul iml diiln^xi d til i that vm ri In
iiid a dieiri. to live, and hopid [>i ii iiin md bumU, wlioiii tbi I ini, hid roinniandt I l> be
I.0IKI iiiiil 01 si\i rd iiiitb d otjim Aidiiil al nn nid told thiin tb it hi li i I ilti rid hit iiiiinf .«
iii^ly he mill oMi Jill III III I in idt Jl- of and would butt ^\lr^ om i ll em tint t > tin ir
(host h t billi t( illiiliiL itl II II niiinnl I till oiMi Innia Winn tln-n iy< n i\tn .,ont '•«-
loki 01 \ pballiti but an tlnmnlxn ..iMil loiiie told tin •oldnii illn km., was ili ad j nil
a iUqIi ti in (Hunk Andihiii liii pliyxiiiuns ^ot thi in and ihi ri«t(.| Un niiiltilml I vi ill r ^
ihoiiglit piop I 1 1 balhi histtnolt boiK ii» warm to ail n<.«i nihh in tl)< ainpliitln itri inJiiifli i
oil by liiiiii„ It down iiilo a^l irn ttssil tull ti^ whifri I'tolemy* »vt>o wli« mlrviid tv thi \ wx
III wbi niip in Ills lyik I idi d I ami In i nin i willi (i>'' slgnitiin,r i aiiii In li ri (bnii tmd y
mil IK lit IS 11 111 tun ipn^, un I i< i tiiiinilt spnke ol th« lnpiuni ss tlijj kiii^ h id iltiiuij and
tvKlbiii III I It by hisstivinta at Itii lo \ ii i hi onibtytrd (Hi miil)itu b timl ii •< I the i piMb
itiivtd aLiiii \((dij lit 'afii r this, dtaiiair til , wbirli.had beiii Uli I >r tbe >old|i rs.wht ri iii he ,,
- ■ - ■• ■' ■ ' ■■ ■' "• ■ ■' ■' ' -- idj*ill»(iili|.«
V '
L-V
rnoviry 111 I ({tn( ttt in that ivU
ahouhl b ivi li^ty IriViiiiM imei i , iffM tb
ol II,
m.
f
|^(tr>'(ur^(atly ixlioind tbi|i< tobe-jr a
it bia "Utiessor ind ititt r bj bad ri id
till
til 4 Hi
I Quiin itidi r« and frK4ids shouTiriiau gn if jmn npliiod unit i*id lii» !< rum nf whinin I J i' ^i
gni,n tUiiAi
Ji
111 1^ ri tunned b»i k and i ami i ; Ji rn l|o ru
I inclinihuK afate ol bodv ■<« li^niial wi
*u<la lull* fit I nil II (iiiliH md tbt J1i'»^ldi.irliig
raiinlfii^ and Antipis « IS til bi li«r.irtb «• vvt
wid btlofb Hiiil Aribilius v"*" madt iiii„ * He
r
■ ■' il
lliri All ilvd l^iiii liltti pri mtdi i|h ulnji fn brjx , had bIsijIhiiii iMinnidi l|^>i un llujisr
reidid li Hit iiipl # Ji rd nitk Inivi^lnrhe 'to ( rsaf, un I tin ^ tl[ on iil< li b id ni idi si ltd
gutiti^ tlier Ib^ittdl't lib I I ill ^1(11 pt tilt. ' u|) bet iu<m, Ci. n w !• by lord ot ■til'ihe u\
' Lli
' V
:'^--f:'
' _ _ . „„i<"/r"
^ .;. ^ " t '<-WAR» OF TIIK'JEWS.
♦ffnwnt. hr h»a mwle, «i|(V wm'to ronfirm i«J«
to hid <n«J« *"• '» >>« ^Y " ""^ *^ '" **
ioHn*r lM»«n''n*. M- . , . .
1» Su llnre wii» «n Mcljinif «ion ni»il«i lo Arcne- ,
Uut. laoonnrBtudte him u(ioo h%a uilvancemcnt.
uiHl the •ol.U«.. with the luTdlilu.l., went ruunJ
ubout ill iroDiM. V'l proBiiwil him lh< ir Roqil.
wiHinU betid*.. ur«ye<f1'Vt»l>l«.i hl.|?ov«rii-
m"nt. After ehi« ll'«y h. took thii.i..l»i« lo (rru-
. r»n for the ki,.K> f"««a«! fH'l ArchetaOT outit-
t«l nothing of iiiiigilili"'i><;« lli«r«iu, l.ut brought
out «ll.the roy»l orntiutnt. to .ugment the pomp
of tile (leceBKil. 'J'here wat • bur « 1 14. K<'W.
embroidered with precioui .lojiM. i.n. "» wrpi«
Bed of- TOfioui coDUituiai. w.th llie d^ud body
\
W).)*.U,j-over*il with rmtpU; Mcl ■ d iitl»m nu
nut uiXiM lii« hcud, «nd » tfowii of got*W)*tti ilv
nml « weptre i«.l«» riRhl h^nd; «n. rt«J*P the
bi«-r Wfre Uerod'i loni, «nd • ninltitjiae «i iiw
kindred; next to whom eume •". Kuonl.. «iul the
ri-ifiiiaiiti of 'llirni luni, tlie (i.riuiin. »!• > «nd
l(ii^.iil accoutred m if thiy Wew^ K..ini{ to
war; but .the riit of the .rwy went for. m,..i,
•nmied, mid followlnx their cnptmni and tlfiKeri
In a rfRular ini>i>mr;;8fterwhom five hoi.dred
of hii ilwilertic iwrvantt and freeil-nien f.»ll<.w»d
witlitwea ipive-inlh.ir hand.; and Ihr K«ly
wni Carrie.! iWft himdred furlonK. to II. i odium
wh.r.. h..k|'41P«-» "••'''■'» '," '•"'"'/ir If "7
lliit iihijM numttflor the concliuion of tht. lile^l
lUeroil. '
BOOK a
'tosTsmm THE ^NTERVA^OF8UTV^•IN^yPMRR-FROMTI<%.EAtrIof HEBOrmu,
COSTAlNlNtJ '"^^gp^gj^j, ^y^B gj-OT TO BOMDUE Tlf^EWH UV JiEllO.
''^ CHAP. I.
ArckelaM maktiaFuntral Fentlji'r [hi People
on &cconn< «/ Htrod; nflcr «'"f'»,« R'^'"'
'yHmu/Mi ra<JCtf tyKAe J»/»"i"«'«. "'""'"r"'*
(Ac Soljiers oiil uyou Ihem, tcAf destroy about
: tlirie (Uou$and'of them.
i 1. Now the nctessityjyhirli Arfthelaiii wB»
under of taking a journey t> Homt was the oc-
, iuiion of new <lii,turbu|ie»!8; (or wh.ii h., h.i.l
mourned for hi* fulher.eVen days,* and hu.l Kivrii
a very expcnHivc funeruUcant to th.' nmlmu.le.
wliich cmtoiii n the ocpa»ioo "f poverty to many
of the Jew», because tliej' arc force, to fuast llic
umltitiide; fbr if any one omit* it, he is not es-
teemcil a holy yMr.on.) he put on a white gar-
ment, and went up WtWleniple.whcr.- the pco-
ulc ocooited Will ivit|i varioun acclamutioii». Me
alio .poke Jifi.dly to the multitude from an elc,
rated .eat, ami a throne of god, and returned
them tl>nk» for the leal they hud shoWii u^
hiii father* lu'ieral, and the nubiiiission the/ had
niad* to him, as if he »\/ere already tcttledin »w
.... -.1^1 .1... .. l.»..'..y|j|
1)
kiiiidpni; but he told them withal, that •' he would
nbt at present take upon him either the authority
Zf a king, or the names iherelo behmBiiii?, until
/C««'ar. who i» mad.: lord of this whole alluir by
'the testament, conlirin the »uccci<8ion; for that
when the sotdiel^ wouW have set the diadelii on
his head at .^.richo, he would^not accept ol it;
but that he would make abuifflaiit re.juiluls.iiot
to the soldiers onlj; but to the ucoplc, lor their
alacrity and gdoJ-'ijiU to hun, when the supc■rlo^
lofds [the itomuiiiij^sliftttia' havi! given hini <i
coniplete title to theJaSigtUiu: for^tfiat it should
be his study (o apiienr i|ittlr|lliHg« better than
bis father."* , V; n,' , " f^ , , .,
V" 2 Upon this the rtibUit\i(lc were pleased, and^
presently made at triilK of whal he intended, by
asking greA tilings of him; for solujiuudo a
cianwr that ho would ease them in tliyr taxtst
' others, that he would take off the duties upon
commodities; and some, that lie would loose
'• those that were in prison; in nlJ which casea he
,an»wered readily to their satjsfacfion, m order
.'to get the good-will of the multitude; after
• VHiich he offi^rgd [the proper] sarri6c>s, and
feasted with his friends. . And here it %vus that a
. great mafty of those that desired innovalipns,
' ' camii in crowds toward* the. evening, anil «gan
theh to inourn on their own account, wh^ahe
jf publ'io fnoiirnin^ tpr the king was over. TheiSe
• Heat bean Xldrkh'gfiotconthtaplarc.— "Thelaw
or <!intom oiftjie Je\vB,"BayB he, "require* «c»eiiiid«ya
." ottotiroltwfor the dead, Anii<i. B. xyiUhaii. vli*. leftt. 4.
*' ,/Wbtnc«tl(,e author of the '-Tok ofE'eic-"'«'i-u», 'h
/ txM IS.assiens »« "i */»>«» the pitMjerimieof inofirn
ianient«d «o«o that were put tp death by tlorbtt, .
beCHUj/they had ertt down the gold** eagle that
had been ovi-r the gal.' of the temple. ^«r «»» \
thli mourning of n private iiatur.', butthe Ijiiien-
tiilioiis wero Very great, the m.iiirniiiK soh "in,. ■'
and the ^ve.'uiiig" nidi us wii4 loudly. Iu|iid i4
„ver the city, as btiiig for thosiMiien Whii liad .
lurishtd for the lawsof their country, and lor lite
lemple. 'I'liev cried out, tlil»t;n puni»hnit nt oiiijht
lobe inllicttd for these iiieh upon , thou' that
wciB honored bv llergd; and that, in the lirnt
place, tht: ninn'whonr lie had made hiiiti jiritsl
should be dcpriveil, and that it was lit to cliooMi
a person of greater piety .ami purity, than he was ^.
'3. At thewr clamors A rclieloHs w»» prpvcked,
but restrained him». If from Inking, vengeani-e on
the authors, on account of the halte he wa* la
of going to Rome, as f.ai-ing kst, upoiVhisniSv
kingVar on the multitude, Kiich an action iniijlit
ditiiinhiiii at home. Aci;ordingly he innd.; trjal
to (luiet the iiinoMitor.-i bv persuasiohratlier ^haii
by force, and sint his geiierni in a private wily to
thein, and by him ivhurt<;d them IP b» <|iiKt.
■But the seditious threw stones at him, aiiddiovB
hiinnwiiv uK he cunie into the tefnple,, mid bo-
fore he Could say any thing to them. The like
trcntnienl they showed to others, who came to
them after hun, niiiiiy of whom were smU by
Archclnus, in order to reduce them Id sobvK^tv,
and these answered still on ail occasions nfiefa
passionate nVaiiner; aiid it openly appeared that
ihey would not be quiet, if then- numbers «et«
buf coiisideruble. A nd indeed at the fea^t ol un.
Icnvciied bread, which was now at hand, and is
bv the Jews cidlt^tl the l'us«pver, and mtd lo be
ctlebrnted with a grtat number of sacrifices, an
innumerable luulliiuitu of the people cameoutof
the country to lydrshtp :, (jonie tit th<:SK stood in
the tinipli'beTtalpng «i«. rabbins [that had iieeu ;
iiut to death,] and procured their sustenance by
begging, in order to support their s.dilii/o."- At*
this ArehelauJ was aflrighted, aiiil privately sent ,
a tribune, with his cohort of soldiers, upon ihi'in.
before the disease should spread oyer the wliolu
niultitude, and gave orilers that they should con-
strain those that began*tbe tumult, by force, to
be quiet. At these the whole multilmle were
irritated, and threw stones at many ol tlie ifol-
diers^nud killed them: but the tribune lied away
wouudied, and had much adotP esctipe so. After
which they betopk tl«nrtelvea to their sacrifices, ,
as if they had .done iS) mischief J nor did it ap-
/
inRfoTtlinlead nndrhap '^;[»v^h fT.rnjmnsiqfn lo
jnonrn for llie deiiil. llMt they mov not 1m e ul B|iok( ii .if
'Vor.asJosephus «js4)rt«eimy,_irany oie uuntitbii
mburnlnu [funeral ftasl] (ic tanoteatecmcdaholyiier-^
ion Now It Is, «*rtiiin that auch a teven daifn' iiiOBiB-\
iniE has hcon customary from time* of llib (trsatesl an- >
tlmiitv.Oen.l.lO. Funeral f«R»t» nrealso roentionrt .j
i»offon«l.leriil)lcantiiiultj, Ijwk. xxiv, ' ■■ Jf , ."'I-
7,1'rQV xxT* B.Dcut xxvl M, Josepliu»,OrthcnQt
n III clijlx •crt 5" » ,
-h-
w
(^
^ M
,/!« ''^ «»
V ,
I ft
' - \ > ft
■ (IliiUm nil
t{ol*^^>yi Hi
nil t^fim^^ Ihc
iiihilWoti <ii liM
(unnl>< mill th*
iiiiiK hI> > and
went fori'iHint,
int mill t'iriinn
II Avd li4iiKlrcd
|.ni*n rullfiwfd
niiil (lifi liuily
» t<> Ilii'otllufti
e Irurlt'il. -And
in uf tht. life u(
P HEROD 'IILL •
dfalliUy tlorott, .
joltlrti eiigli; timt
•iiijili'. AornBt
I', btil ll>c I'lliicn-
Dlirniii^ mill inn, -'
loudly, lu'iiil iijl
>!i)^ nun ^'in Imd >
untry.ttixl tiii'ilir
luiiiiihimiitoiiKlit
upon ;tinin iliut
tliut, in till' limt
uiiiile liiuti lirnil
wua lit til cIruoM
irity-tlian ho war, ^
iin wki prpvcked,
iiigvengt^aiH'euii
hH«te lie wif< lu
lit, upon "M» ma-
ll nn BCtioniMiljlit
(r|v he Inndi' trial
Msion rnthrr t'>""
II a [wiyiite wii) to
hfin to liiiT qiiift.
at hiiii, and ilju^i!
li telhiple,, 1111(1 ho-
1 Ihciii. Tin- like
icrs, who cniuv to
oni were sniit hy
tlieUi to soVnvtJ.
I occasions nfifif a
I'lilv appeared that
ifch' nuiiibi:rs >v<*M
I at the feast of U(i<:
iw at hand, and-iiY
er, and uied to be
er of racrilict's, an^
people came out of
I til tjM;SK atood in
iliw [that had lieen.;
;heir BUKteiiancc by
their siditii/p."- Af
uiiil privately sent ,
oldiers, upon them,
^nd over the vvliolfl
at they khould con-
imnlt, by force, tp
)lo inuUitiiilK wcra
it many of the ifol- _
ic tribune lied away '
to escape so. After
» to their naerificei, ...
Iijefi Bor did it ap
>t eatecmcd a holy i>et-
I a teven dayt' niaina-\,
ic« of tlib (trsatesl an- ■
U nr««l"o roenlioned ,^,
Bk. xxiv, n-, Jer. x*f. •
Jose})hu»,orthe\Var
.¥:
- I
.r
BOOK tU-OHAP II.
•\;
451
j.'-'-'^P 'J
^ar to ArcheUui thit At nwlHJuda Cfluld b« | whwin h«
Uitrain«d without WoodtM, *o h* lenl hi. h^jhly rmi
aKidn nrniv upon th«». the f.»oti»«« In Rreil th«i« with
Miuln nrniv upon -. , . .;
.lifiWlhile^by the W»f of the cily-, anil ihe hone
men by the way of tb« pl«in, whu, I»IIjuk u|M»n
them on the «iilden, a* th#y were otleriiiK their
wirrifteeii, d»ilrnve<l «bpttl thre* thouiaud jfll
thrui; but the >e»t o^ fh« multitude tf»f« ilu-
, iM-nejJ upAn the adjoining MM)»liit»ii» ; lh<««- '«•■'•"
followed by Archeliiuii* WraliU, who eonijiniflil-
«d every on« lo retire to tl««ir uw» hoiiiei;
Whltlwr they all nent, and left l^c.fMWal. .
■ . '~ CHAP. lt;>, "
AtektUaiiti^t to Hume mlk^a grtaltmmbtriif \^{,
;hit KiUtti. iltitihire aUiutiibtfurt Cufwr ,„|
bu JlnfiraltrjltuUfiiptriorlokiiAectutrifn ^,
\ji,,ffm€nt,bi/htJUeaiiti{ftkalV.j^nctv>hich '
^ ' } 1. AkciiEf.AUH nveot down to the'ieaMde,
with hi* moth" (mwI hi» frienda, Cuplai. And
Ptoleo^y. and Niiolaas, and left Mtmi h\M I'hi-
||n, tolf hit *tew>>r<l in the pHluiB, aAd to take
TWe «n£i« douie»tie nljaln. Salome went «Uo
dang with hiro with lief •oh», aa did alrio Ih*
yuB't brethren <"><' i>o»H-in-law. Theiic, in ap-
hjiranre, went to give him all the a«»i»t:incc
f iver« able, in ilirder Wi lecufe his «»rceitr
but in reality to accute hini for hi* breach
of thV f«w». '»y what he hi»d done at tlMj temple.
2. But a« thiiy were coine to Cx-taren, Sabinun,
the proiumtor of %ria, met them: hi^ wi« gyinj?
up lo jWleOi. to w'enn! Ilerod'n eflictiir but Va-
rus, [present of Syriii,;^ who wi«« cqino thither,
restniined Ntlini from going any farthelr. This
Varus, Arc\elaii8 Iwl setit for, by t1ie>enr»««t
•otrcaty of Ptolemy, A< this time indeed,-' Sa-
binus, to gratf^ Varus, neWier went to the cita-
tteU; nordiil fii\sliut niV the treasijiries whtrc his
father's niouey Vas l4id up, hut promised that
he «*ould He stillVintil Caisar should have taken
cognizance. of lhe\ifl'air. So ho abode nl Ciesa-
rea; but a» soon m those that were his hinder-
ance wci'6 gohe, wh^n Varus was eope to Auti-
och, and Archelaus wiw sailed to Kome.'he ioi'
nicdiHtcly went on to jVrusalein,niid seiicd upon
the palace. And wiiert Ke had called for the jfu-
vernori of the citatlels, atad tht stewapU [o(i«e
king's private affairs,] he tVjed to silt put t1ijw*r
counts of the money, and tl» take pos«e<i.<iui».>t)r
the citadels. Uul the (toveniors of thos/ ••4t»-
deU were not unmindful of titc commanUs laid
Upon, them by ArcliclaHM. and cdntiuUetWo guard
• them, and naid, thji cu»toity \>f tlieurt-alfHr.bt;
longed to CVsar tliii'ii to AfOhtla' ,
3< In the mean (iiiie Anlipa* vijetit K|so to ftoinc
to Ulrive for the kingdom, iiijd'to iiisijl that- tliu
he Mcuiad: ArchtliMis before Ci»«y.««*-
riMiiniended Antipas. Saliiiue aUo, una
her, put lb«; crimes whith they aC-'
cused Ari'h<'la)is of in order, and pdl them inttt .
Ciranr's liand<< aiiif after th«y )i»d done tbMt v
Archelaus wrote doWM ^hereaiotn of his ttainh '
ami, by rtolei«iy, s«iit t« htl father't riijif, MMI . t
oit Oither'a acfiiiiithtt. And', when Cinsaf lurf-'
maturely wtjighiid tijr himarlf what both had w . \
allege fur IheliisrWea. a» nl»« had CoiiMilerjd of ;
the great burden of (he kjngilom, ^nd lurgenis* .,
of ln« revenues, ami <ivlib»l th* number of tb*. i^
children Herod had left behind hlui. anil, haU'.
jliliorcov«r read the letters he had r«Wei»<d fr^W •,
Varus and Suliinus on this irciaiiDn, he iissem- " '
bled the principal persuiis among t^ linninuts
"ogelher, (in which iisu'inbly t>'aiu«,' the si>n of:,
AgvippaiHiid his daughter J uliaa, buiby MttMelf,:
aihjpled for his own soli, snt in thettnlMat,) ana :'
giWe the pleaders leave to speafe. V ' '
i 5. Then stood up Saloiu*'* son, AiitipaW, (who ;
of all Archelaus't aiitagimists was the \thr«wd-
ett pleiiile'r,) and ncciiii<;d liiui in the fiuhiwiox
-' '■ ' • • » ■ '-i tend
V^
n,-;
V'- ■
ipeech
ladef,)
; "Til
iiat Archelauii did in words jtunti
for tiie kinjjklom, buttbat in deed he had liW ♦•** ^
■ did tiut\iiiaiir
Cuisar in desiring to' bo now heard
ercised royal autho^y, and so did tiut\iiiaiilt
Cuisar in desiring tu bo now heard on (hjiV
account; aincc hu -had not stiiid for liA de- ;
terininatioit about the succcs^iaii,, »nd s>ii4e M '
had subpriifd eertain (jtrsont, after Hetod%.
death, to move fur putting the di4d«nrii|Kii* hi*
head-, since lie h)>d- set hinnelf down m "the ■•
throne, and j^iven answers aa n king, and alti'Wd- '
the ili»|)oailion of the uriny,.«[nd granted to ».oiyi! , . .
higlM^r dignitieii that he had Hl.«o complied in nil . »
things with the people in tire rwiiiesfl* they haU .
made to him as to their king, and had alsoXlis* .
missed those tlint had Ijcen put into Utiiul j by bis\
father, for most in)portnnt reasons. Now, after \
all this, he desires the shadow of that roy«l ait- \
thbrity, whose substance he had already a«iied :.J. :~
to hiins^if.nnd so hath nWd«i Cwiar lord, not of \'
things, but of words. He also reproached liild
f»»rtff«i^, that his iqoUhiing for his father was only
pru1«nded, while be put on a sail countinnnci; in
the day-time, but driinU la great excoisviij the
night, fruii) which behavior, he said, the late
disturbance 'aniOiig the liiultitudo Came, while
they had nn Jfldignation Ihcreht." Aiid indeed
the' purport of lii« whole discouiiic w«»<to aggra-
vate Arr;(iel«u(i's crime jn sliiyinK such a \)iijjfi-
tude iilmut the temple, whiich multiludi' ciiine to
the tcstivnl, but jvere barbarously slain in tjis
midst of their own siicrifices; nnil lie i(nid, " Ibef^
wa» sfleh a; vast, nmnlvrr of dead bodies hea()ed
together in the teWiple, «is eveii a fiireiL'ii war^
should that roijie upim them [suddenly,] ^cfpr^
it »sa«: dtubitni-eil. could, not havfe W^irpKl"t«'
former testament, whcmiVho was; nahjed to be | getfler. Aniibe added, that it was the;fore.ight
.>i4 (iitlier had of thia his bnrbnrilv, »vlii0h made,
hini never give hiiii any bpjict of thekiBgdoiii, •
hut when bia itiind was mere infinit than hii
body, null he w«|Hint nble to reason sounitly, and ■
(lic\.uot well know whn.t was the eharacttf of tbitt
siin, vfhoiti in hissecondjestameut he-made his
succdsspr; and this wcs dune by him «t ntiiiie
in hliiiVIie havii^bccii one of his aios* fenoi-dd .w\ie« h* had bo rdmisla^ntj to inakq of liilii ;
■ ds. Ho4veVer, Antipus depended fbuifty j whom he hud named .bef.ire. <hrn he was squiul
king, was valid b<fore<fic hitter tcstiinitnt. .Sii-;
loine had also promised to Ii6sis.t tiiiii", as had
many of ArchchiUs's kindred, who saited alniig
with Arche^aiis liiiirfelf lilso. Hi;-; »lfo carricil
aRmg Wjlhliim his niolher. And Pfcoleuiy tha bro'
th«r^c3'^ JSicolaus, who i«»*me<I one of great
weight, OB nccoiint of the gwM trust tlerofjP"*
*^ L/f... 1. ~ 1......! ..._ .li«n» iiHA e^iT'lkSd Atfsa^ n'fiVm'a'fitl
Jfc
friends
>Uj^:hj>sc autb<ii<ity
ciT bint>to vietd to
a body, and when his mind was free froiii all
jmssipn. Tlint, lulivevlr. if «"y oije 'houW ;»UK
pose .Herod's judgiiiiirt, jvhen ho WHswick, wai,
sup«riar to that at niiollier time, yet had.Archf-
luus Ibrftited his jtiiigdoiii. by his own bchai'ior,-^
and thosfi his actions, which were contrary io th» ^
law, and to its <lisiidvjintage' Or ivhat sort of ■""
IfingwiH this man br.wljen hi) hath obtained tlin
go'vemntCMt Itoni C;e8»r, who" hath alaiii sOnBiattjr •
6eforehchatit«>btain«l it." " ", > , -
6.- When Antiiwtor had spoken largely to tbW
BUrfios^e, and had proijocrila great number of ^,
LSabinus (tlMlsn afford tl>e«' his aWWalKe , AtxIiMaUK^ir kindlftd. a* witnesses to prove every
to the same pii^'wel by the littetebis^fit, lii^rt of, tb? accusation, he ejideil.hi8'ilitcoiirs«..
ulmn Ireneus, the orator, upon
he Jhad rejected such as advised .
Archoluus, because lie was his, tUler bifother,
and bcfiiuso the soiwidttsstiimeiit gtivc the king-
. doni to him. The iitictinatio^is Jilau ofiU Ajvhe-
laua's kiiulred, who lifted hinji were f^moved to
Antipas, when they cawe to fionie, (ilthoflgh in
the first place eryery l>«*\lf»lli^ dii8«l'«i to live
under- their own' laws, [wilftpiit a 4SnK,»3 »nd tiv
be lindef a Roinanxgoverttpr: but if Ihiyr: should
fail in thai point, t Wsi desired tlfat Afliipas
might be their Itj
■ -■;; \v '.\- -\
. /-■/■■-I
%':m...
. - ■• ~
■ .« '. ■ .*•* _-,
:. :. X,
1? ,.■■
.*•■■ .^
*
\ j
4.',
y-
■^'
4M
WARS4 OK THi; JKW8,
■"*-V
wtri hfr.iiiii' fiirnnr« «'<* •" An lit liliK • »i"r ..,.,1., .,,,„. i,, |i,,,"„,|.1i.'r» ollhiil l«ltiunM»ll»»li
i)i.SiiM. f..!- Ihi» r*i....ii, I.W.V.' "II ..Ih.p.. l..'.»-i "';",";,", ,,,,ii,,f,;, ,1„.,„, limy ww liio
.ji (;..»r ... '""vr^i;,; ;;:,:;*:::'; .:'" . «;:; of^kllu , i«r, i,,.t «u*n V m-nv oMh,.
^Ui'i <■»•". r. . , . , 1. ,, , i,„,i I -1 Siiii-.. ilicic.l'or... til.' Hoinnii* ivi"" "onii
rfllml bi. i-U-r ,. ^^ry obU«....| '"■;'"::, I,", "^i 7^"l i.. Wl. ro, .^^ .1...... .h.t^.T,. »b.>V..
fAr. How..v..i..bt'-t.lli..i«;l, "V''?'' !'' '"'';p r,,,. ,i,l„„,„vi,l ill. Ml p.rUcil tlii.rcl..; ««
„„U„^ i.. .... rW: but >vb, .! b. b.,.l ' p«'"^' . * V J"lh. U wrr^' rX,!jH-.t bv lb- H...uv,
I... .N-lib. r.tV.I by bun« ll ; -t Ih.' "!'' K'"" ? "'' , ^' ^" , , , . I. , In fr....i lb. vv..|l. hV.Tk.
,iiV,l.. ,.,.v ..r Vbo... im..i.-.i IM ll..;,l..'^."-"<' '■• *" '''""^i , ,,"„.„. iu, rrt'.v^nte.^l lb. lir...
.bm.i,i lA, j„m...i „,„o... -.iM..M->!-"y. »":i i;i,,'i;|';;:!:.,':i'u;^rt^n.,,i«..tfr....^..-v,,iK
1,\. iiim.il Hiiioi.L' iill l'i< r"'>l. nly
tl.i.J><.<'i..i«<. of Ibr ii.ii..li.>r ..I' ll.|.««- Ibiit .«.m...l
to stniiil In Hi. H uf mipport lb. rf Iri.m. ^
CUM'. 111.
ThfJrwtfi)thlaKri<il ii„lHt<n}h .SV,/.j«i(j'.« .Vol-
umUii.i...upffn iiu Ko.....i.«. «••■•« •"";•'> '""•';■
<.|| l?y>trfniri)y r<'H.oii u( ll.c li«loill»lin.»-iil lb- J
wiirf"un<l.:r; until lit li>«f »6i.n' of 111"' J.J<'
^.Ti.L' .t.»lr..vc.l, iukI olhrr* .ll.i.rrjf.l b; I ...
', . __" .1 ■ ;„ 1.,.. ...Ii ii.r> t.ll l.ll'i.. tl.
diem uiiJaercatniilriiclion itniuJeiilJiiiy-}i^.„or\Uiv \wcv in, lb.. .(JilKr* (»11 111"'" «'"
'u„; / ir.,»..r«,;i(;p.l. ubi,:b.»v'\»'''v 'l''''«';-'.;"'f
.1 , ......;./l ,:..„ ..1,..,1.«„1 ..Imi.t C.ur linmlr.*.! lalcnl", ol W.i'y
t 1. Ni.W »>.'for.- ('irwvr bud .1.1. riii><i «ny
■thioK >'bo.it ib.M.'. »l)"ir». %f((llhn.-., Af.'l!'-''""" '
niulK..r,.:.ll »iri »n.l .li<>.l /' l-'I'X »>•" """H
broiiKl.t l.nl "( S^vrii. fro... V»r.^>/nb,„.l ,. rcfHt I
'6f li.e J..«8. 'I fiis »•«• for..yf. by \ |.n..,i«l.o
«r|-onlinKlv, .alU'r A.rbvMt w... »Mb-.l, <v.i)l
upto J..fM;»).:i.i.to r..*lriiufll.r |.r..l..ol._r.. ol MU:
itMlilion, •inc.: if wiiny.»ntr.-«t ibi.l ll... Hiiti«i»
wo.iUI not )»■ i.t r.-tjXo I... Ull ..lU' ot t|io-.. U-
Kion» wl.iib b. br..i.iil.t will. bin. out ol i'v"" i"
. tl... eili. 1.11.1 w. ill bii.iM If to Anli..<;b. Il.il Sii-
bin.iH .'-..I...., nlt.r br wii» p..nc. n.nl Riiv Ib'yn
an ...■.•i.,i..n of .mikini; i.iimvalion*! f.r I... .oni-
TOlk.l if... k.Ti..r» ,.f lll.cil^nl.l- to <l.liv.,r tt.MH
ui. to l.i.n, ..1..I nii«U. .1 l.illvr ....-....•b 1.11. 1'lbr
kinK* u.oi.« V, i.*<b |i...ilins ""l o.ilv on Hi. ml-
.)it.r-.«bow.'..rl.t'l bv \ n..n<,y..n 'in I b. innlti-
tuil.. of h.» ..«i. >, i-v.inu, nil of wboi.i h.. nrui.il,
»n(l il«-il »* tb. l..«lrun..nt'! oMmi- iovcIoi.mii..*
Now ivlicn Ib.l l'...'l. wbi(
ifvf n «:>•. !»'. "1"^ Avbii ll
tniwurwoi up.., n. ...:.. iv","' •11/
lilnnll.nM) ulmiit fuur l.nnclr<'il H.b'Mt". "• W.i'T
»Min Si.l.inni (<"t lop lb. r all iJint wasliol.crtf
m-.l iiwl^V by lb.' ►ohii. r*. ,4e \^,
■•I llowi.vir, lliiN cbtstnirWin of tRn wwt«
I nb'.nl lli.< t. .i.l.lti, I Bii.l of tl... men, QffA'io.i.^l
H ii.nrb RrinliT n.ilMbi r, ...ill tli6»c ol .t ..'.>r.
wavliki.»oi.t, lagett..|;.th..r, lo .,pi.(.w Ihr K.v
n.i.nii. 'I'liMO < i..i.in|iii;si'-l ll.c pi.liic.. fo'in .
'(1U.I 0.r.i.it.nr(1 to tUMrov ull thiit w.-r.' o' U.
i.nl..ft Oi.y w.nt tb.ir mn« <|niilily; lor i.^
nronii!i<-.l ib.it SnbiniiH !<li.ii.U oonie t>fn-< b d...
if1i..H('..il<l Ro Wit widi Im' l..jJ;ioi.». I l».r._ }.. f;
i.Uo tt Kr..iil i.m«y of lb., (jiiii;'* iiiirtr wli'l
.. V, It I ^,^:^i^.,\ till. _l*.u -
. nrl.d il..'. Kon.uin, siiiil B**i*U<l fb«| J?"
i .111! lb.. |.ii.*t w.irlikc b.xly of Ili.n1 nil, «l.
1 thr.. l!,oH»im.l oLll.c n.fi. of S.'lin^'l.', p> V"'
to lli« llon.iinli. Rnfii* 1.1*'. "<»• 'll^'t"". 'V'-
•.■nplainH, .ii.l ibo «iiu. , ((iVi»tiis bi.vin|:lht !,.;.t
, otlMf .ov. I...1M1. .H. of lb.- ki.iK'« piirty .in.lrr biin, nn< luihi, th.^
1, wi.« ..l>.,r».l .ili.r hor-.,) .'iw:h ol wboin, ..v. n wilbont V". "*>''•
ll„. .b-v.H ..1.11 1', .11..'- • undir fbei... w.ir.: of ^W't ««ISW. ph '"•• ™;
~ .,: ' , ,,. ,„,„il, ,|.,\ ^«l*at lii.n.l. iUiiion.- |of lli.ir «lr.n!,'tb nnd wiHloni, wbiijb tunj K>
^ ^' n kn iZ l!,:': n.;.iil.. ■■ of -.U . U.f...r H... ■ s,.Kl., iK war. , Now lb. Jew, i^^fV; ^
■cf'^r ..ll- n ,.nl I f;..vr.Jnl;.i.l«,; ll.nl ib.y sl.onld p, .l«ir «..y.. nn.l ij". .--.
Sffcl Wbn.'f!.^. .0. iniimni.. „i„lot„,J^U liin.l.r.n-^ 1" lb..n.. now lb.y bon,.l
|.|ii, now llii'V liopi.il, '!<'■'- '^\
f ;;,;iii..."'a;id l.Uiin.:,., ..mi I lonjc til...', to |....;..vrr If.al nni^rfnt Wi"l> "'•;;;;]
,!,.l «;,. luv.-.nd Jonh.ni lb..ir f,.r.f«tlu'r. bad .Ii.|..v*'l. Sab.n „ i„. . ..
■ • . • ■ „.„!. W.-I1 .on^.lit.d lo (Eo oi.l of tbc dun''..- .'•
W.H in. init b.. ili«trn^l<d tbc n«Mur»n...- lb"
j.w» Kuv.. him, and siisp..cl..d snrh (renll.-H'iH-
iii^nt \vas but a bait laid an a snare lor l!..ni
fi.ii tn^'t'''"'"'^ ""'
j.-ricbo, iiml I'.i'.'. '.. .' ■■■. ■ ■,■•"■.,, „
.1.1,1 lb.. iHonl,. tbi.MialHrally b.-loii-....l to.Iu<ba
it«.|f iv.r.. ab.;n lb., n-t, b..lli Mi nulub.r an.
iii 111. ;.b..-nlv x.f Ib.^ n....... >o db. y .lHlr)t>ut..il
tb.n.-.Kc.. imo ibr,'- p.rK nml pil.-b.-.l tbfli-
,i,„I\o< inu ibr... jiirK niid pil.-hf.l ll.fir infill was oui » ..u.. ...... •■.' ■■,""- , ,
■ ,»,.,, J.- pla.'M- .n« .1 Ibr 1 orlb S..I... uf | lhi« «.i.«.lrn.li.jn. U.^vihvr with l^lie I. .| -
r':::;d';..i:!ih'r-»roi.' «'<.•'' »»'•'. I^y *^ h,..! 6f .uc.-or fr„m <^aru». made h.m b.ar
Him...droiii. . mi.l tbo Ifriid patt wir.. at thp ' nrpe i*.U loiiger. . ^
: pMn'-.. ...1 lb.: w.:^t. So tb. y lay r..iind nWiUl , •'^ ■ , •: ciIAP. IV
- the Romans on .-v.-rv suli'. and li..«irs<;il tlxi'V
"2; N.iw Sa'iiniiii "«t" ii11rii;bl<.il, l.olb at Itip
inuUit.Kle and at tb.ir roura-.. and «..nt ni*..-
-:._«.n-'.rVto Vnrincoi.liniially,' and b,..,rii._yht liim
• lo^c jiw: t<. Ms sucror qiiliklv, l.ir Ibat, ll b<: .1.-
iBvtd. his bgit.n would be tul lu pi< c. s. As l..r
thf
■\
fkrqd'i ticlernnSoldlmhfifome {vmnlhiovt. T^
Kji>lilierir'3rf.fK^iiS.Si,ii<iii(wdjillironfftiiiliiKt
(/(^.il^c./ Ai'i'/r I'/'''" ''"•''• 1 "*
' ll A'ttlu"'i':i': tb.i-.. w.ri'.p:r«:atdislur!.Jn-
:r,.'#(iii. .ii.iirv, ami tbat.iajj«.riy pfacea; a(i.l
■s'-':-:- "^v
:•;,;• ■..!>.
:,p
ir hichril (owrr
i'hixadual it l»
■ lirollicr, whu
xt: Hoil then li«
I Icitliiii III iiuwh
lit WHH lo ^rHi.
,i«|i 1H1 II. Ill rr-
>l|ii>ii, iiikI Ii iiinl
. H hrrilil**. Iiiillli;
Ihrrv wrrr linili:
II, th«y «v*r>' lirii
mill ill* olhiry
oiii'i' iiiHiiv 111 ihc
III' iUi' rloi-ti r»,
li ii^ioii lli« III »<!•
ml iiniiv of Ihi III
ivrl>t;i' »lu;u|M'ln«
vi'iiflniiii I'riini oil
r III! ui to Duiriiii'
lIlllilW llllll'l.
iiiniia lyi'i*!' -'irili
l»tlllirt«, ttlr) "ft
TV HiirknlolHli'l- ,
tr ni:i)(><>l"''* I '""'
ihiit wrrf\ iiVmvV
pn(Hid wiili l!i<
hIikI tlliTijii; »« ,
■in; wMiii- 111 llliju*^'
nil tin n',i|l» *■'<!(• ■
o.fjlJMi'tTi'- 'I' ■')><:•
jtfi vmtffijl ill' liri',
fifir own iiwoiiU; ,
lilt frniii (111- AviiUv,
urc «ii!iil> iiiii-ti !•• ',
Mal(iiiisliiii«-iii ili'v
lOIIU- of till' ilM*
ili«|irri(C(l liv llii-. 1
.liiT» (VII |iji'iii"tl!<
iimv il>"irliil, m^K \
II tiilrril", tif wli'T ^
I tliiit wtwliot crtf'.
lilii) of tl«»! wnrt*
III men, Qt^ei^»i»"<-'l
1(1 tli6»e of It ii^.iri ■
to iippiw-thi' Ho-
the piiliiii- fiiiiii '.
Uli tllllt WtTf 11' 11.
ciniiklv; lur iln) '
A dome tif II'! Immi.
■liiiiii^. 'PluTi' y.i "•;
iiU'i piirtr wli'l i!'-
|iU'(l flie'»l<" t\."'
I tlii'iiTnll, «liu>\'"',
of Siihni.t<', jio Aur
, Btiil (initiis, tyjc
!»tiis hiiv'uii; ih^' I'll'
liiii, mill i<iilin till-
williimt till- < 'tf"
Hiiiiht, on «'•'•■ iihl
5111, ivlni;l« tiifH ih''
vi \)«'r»everKl (11 ti'ic
\ii the Willi* o; ("iM
iiliimi* ami lii» i' ■'*-\
viijsi. ahil iiiit i'i"^'.\
t(M'V iionc.ll, itl'-^ '■■>\
ini<!(^nt liherly w '.1/ ;i) \
cil.' SabiniK iii ";'
lit of tlie diiiv-H' '•'■;_
tiie» iHHiir^niV- ll' "
«ij sHrh uenlli"' ?'■
SH n mmre for I .i "•
r with tlie lii'|>' /"'
illailu him hi«i '♦"■
..,'/"" 4' ■
IV. ■;■ ■'-''■' ■"•' \ \.:
'nme tvmnll Hovf. Tht
inndjllkrong^iiiMlu
htm. , , ->, ,
viri'^P''"'"' ili*l"i'''v'-
.\
B<MtK II.-CHAP. V.
4MI
tlte4i)portunil» thM haw o/hrml il«elf imUirrfl •
gr^Ht, mmiy i.. >n up fi-t kwnn. Ami mi.Ik.I m
Tifuiiieii two llKimiiml. «if niTo.l'» »iH-niii •ol-
dirm lilt tiin»Oiir, iinB uniifil ihiifuclvm, iinil
{;>ii|tht •irnin'.t l|io«« of 'hx liii'(f'« jxrly i »K»imt
yhiiiii Ai;liii.liu«, tlf* kiBc'» (Imt nmaiii, fmlifljit,
mid tbm out of 101111! of IBe !>'»'''• •''•* *,'"''" ', '
niu^t ttronKly forlirtetii hut to ii« t»,i«voiil ii ill-
rrct co*rtirl with ''"''" '" •'" P'"""- •" Ni|i|ihci-
rit Hiiii, 1 r'lly of (inliltc, the m wm one Juihi*,.
(Ill* "Oil of the nrch-roliher MeieltiHH,) whir
fonn'rrl.y overnni the (•ouiilf), nml h«(l,hiin luJi-
(lueil l>y kiiiR lleiodi thin iimn |{<it no »iiiiill mul-
tllilile tonelni'i'. imd liriike iij'wil the pime whe^e
the romlnrmdlr win' liiid up, mid -nriiittt tho»«(
uh<ilit°hiii|, iiiid nttHi'ked thiiwUiut wer«i "O ear* i
not III 1(11111 the iliiiiiinloii. ,
•i. Ill l'«re«|,i«l'O,,Sl»i0il, onrof the«ijvniitiof
ih^kinif. Mlymk upoii the huiidnime iippeiiriiiice •
(iiihI tiilliit»» iif lii« body, |mt » tliu'li iii,upoirhi«,
owii hend iiUoi he aUo v>ent iiliiiiit with ii com-
puny of r(»l»H«r» llii|t he hud (fiiljeii toijelher. mid
burnlnWwu •'"' ''oyjl' p»ln*<*'th«l wnn lit Jericho,
»a<t nimiy other roJtly ediHecii h^l««,;iiml pro-
'■currii hii'inelf vepy e»«il> «(H)iliiby rnpim . »«
tDHlchiiiK them out of the fire.i^nd he hiid lonu
burnt down nil tlii; fuie edifilW, if (ii-Hliin, llio
einliiin 6f the loot of the kiiiKTi |>nrty,'had not
liken the 'rmihonilc iirchert, and the'iilulit w«r-
rlikc «fN|ehii»t«, Olid met the iirah. Hw Jootiiieii
were »l«iii in (he lialtlti th ahundaiifji'ili ratlin
' nl«4i ciit to pie ren Simon iMiiiielf, an lie wa* *y iiiK
■ioni; » utrait- valley, 'wheib he ir"»'e him nil
oblique ttrok^ u|hAi )h« neck, a;i he rin oivuy,
and broke i^. T*k rojal palacet Ihrft w*r«'.ni»i;
Jonlan at Uethorailipiiii were al«o liurjit down
iiv lonie ot^cr of tiie aeditiuu* that came 'but »(
""*"• . . 111. 1
,3. Af Ihii time "it wat ihat • certain «heph«Nl
»«ntiired IK »et hiinnislf up for a king, he wai
called Athroiijfcm. It wan hii itrenglh of body
that ipude hiiil e.xpect »Hch a <li|;iiily, as wiJI ai
•^ bit lout, which ileiipiiieil death; nod l>i!»ide«llieio
2ualificatiurt>„he had fqur brethren like liniiwlf.
le put a troop of nrmcd men under lach of tlie»e
hit brethren, mill made u(e ql' them aa liii Kine-
nliaad coiumund«r> wherijie made bin, iiieur-
•ioM, while he yl'id hituielf act |ike a king, and
meddled only wtli thn>mor« iniportartt alfairi:
•nil at thii lime lie put il diudeqi about hii head,
. and continued after that to overrun the' country"'
for no little (iiiie with hi*: bretlireir, aud liecaniu
Iheir leader in killing; hut h the Komaim and those
of the kingVpiifly; nor did an) Jew inctipe liiin,
if any rhiu' could accrue lo hilb Ihcreyiy. Ho
onceventurcd to enconipijsj a whole troop of Uo-
man* at Kiumauii, who were^cariyini; corn mid
weapons to till ir legion: hill men theriiforc §hot
Iheir arrown and lUrl'', and thereby slew their ; tody, but hj
centurion 'Ariiiit. and fofty of the moutist men,
while the rest of theiii who were in danger of
' . the same fdte* upon the coming of (iratus, with
those (if .S('))a»t>', to' their UMittunce, escaped.
And when lh(^«e iiieii had thua aerved both their
own coiiMiryiiHii and.fyreigiiera, and ihiit through
> this whole war, tlu-ee of them were after aoine
' time aiibdned, the ehlest liy Archelaus, the two
next by faUiiitr iuto the handa of (Initua and Pto-
lemeu<iv.but t'"' fourth delivered himself iip tii
Aiciielaudi •upon' bin K'*''"!? *•''" '''» "S'*' '"•"''
foraeCurily. H«w\:H'r, thia their end was'not
till afterward, wiiile at preaeii't they filtedall Ju
dea'with a pinitic war*. '
their relief, and iftk wi.th nhn iha olliar two !••
i(iuii4, with the fiii/r Irnonamf boriemrn to' Ihtm'
beliin;(iii|(, uiiil> niarihril to I'tolaniaia; having
Sivtn oriTera for lite auillUrirt l|jal wei» aenl by
le kiiiira and' Kiivrriiori^uf riUea' to rii^et him
thene, Moreiiver, he received from the peopWof
iterylun. as dm' iianied through their city, nricin
liuiidrrd arini d men. Now na ••■on as (he iither
liuiU of auiilmriia i^ere come to I'tolrniaia, t(
well aa Aretai the Aaabian. (who, out uf the ha*
tred he liore (u Herod, brought a Rreat nrwY'^f
|)or>« |.nd foul,) Varus sent a part of his ixltay
|iresrn(ly to (ialilre," which lay near to I'lAlnnah
and (^alua one uf hit frit iidt for their ca|.taill.
This l.'aiKs put ihute that met him to lliglil, and
look.tli«city !iep|thorit, and burnt it, and mad*
•iavea of ita inhabitant*; but *• for Varus hint'
self, he marched to Samariit with hitjvholearniy,
wheri\ he il4d not meddle wilb thecily itself. be>
^auao he found that it had made no^omii|<.>tiiin
ituritili ihrse Iroublet, but pitched hiarniiy nlluul
a certiiin^yillage, which wat cttl|e(| Arut.|.It o$>
longed to t*toleiiiy, and on thiit'siccotiiit wai p|lin>
(l\'rwl by thVArabiani, who were vary amgry
even at Uerod'a friemU alto. Me then innVrh-
(id on to'^ the village Sampho, •another fortiHed
place, which Ibey plundered, at they ha^ don«
the iither. Ai tbejr carried ott ail the moi>*y thejr
CHAP. V. ; -
1aru$ lomposes the Tvmi{lls in Jiidea, lind eru-
c\fiea about iiro timmaniltif the Stditibm. ...
\ t. UlHiN ^fijs'a reception of the letfera
tllat vifre written hiy Sabinus and the cnptaint.
He c()uld not avuld fieiii^ afraid for the. whole te-
^ giim [*'•= had;left there.] So he niade haile to
liirhtud upon, beloiiKlng lo the puhlicr^vainuci,
all was niiw full of Nlirc and ldiiodthe(|, and nq-
-(tilng could reaial the^plu/uleni o( the Araliiani.
Kminaua wai also burnt, upon th« llight of it*
inhabilania, and (hia at the command of Varili,
(Mil of jiii rage ul'lhe •laughtei' of ihoie that
were about Arus. '
2) Thence be majctied on lo Ja'ruialeiu, andvi
•ooa aa hewat but seen by the Jewa,-he niAda
their canii CTut ierse themtelvef: they alao went
away, •nilMKup and down the country; but
lliii^ititeiiAgKived him, and cleared themselyef
of having itafw|Dd in thia revolt; and aaid, that
they iiBiT raiteTl ■ no commotions, but haif b*e»
furced tu^pKiit the multitude becauae of the fea-
tivftl, and that they were rather besieged tore,
iher with the ftoniana, than asiiated tnoie that
had levolted. 1'hcre had before Ihii met him
Joseph, tly 6r«t cousin of Arcbelaua, and (ira-
tus, together with Kufua, who led thoae of Se-
baste, aa well at the king'a army; there alao
■net him thoae of the Roman legion, armed after .
their uccunopied manner; for ai to Sabinua, he
dur«t not coiSc into Vuruifa tight, btK was gone
out orthu^y before this, to the teaaide; but '
Vurui seiiinr part of his army into the couutrjr,
against lho«e that had been the authurt of thit .
cuininotign, mid at they caught great nuinbert:
of them, those that appeared to have been the
least concerned in these tumults, he put into cu«r
as were the moilt gui ly, ^)e cru- •
citled; tl|esdW|^'ininijniber about two thousand.
.3. He was also ieforlneil, ihat there continued
in Idumea, ten.«>hou»aiid-ti«in still in arms; but
when he found that the Arabians did not act like
nuVdiari^s, but. managed the war according to
their own patsiona, and didtnitchief to tlie coun-
try otiierwiae than he intended, and thit out of
tljeir hatred to H^rod, he sent them t*fay, but
nia(Je baate with his own legions to march against
hadvrevoltcd; but these, by theadvico
lis, \lelive^n'd theniselvea up to hint be-
ti\t battle. Then did Varut foi^give
tlieir olfenccs, but tent their cap-
■"to be examined by him. Mow
ivrcBt, bul gave ordert that cer-.
^« ri'lationt (for some of ttiota
them were Herod'i kiDsnien.l
ath, because they had engaged
king of their own luiiiily.
ns bad tettled matters a't Je-.
lanner, ^Apd had left the for-
a garrwn, he returned to
^- I
; ■ i
\ i
Ciel
<p^l of 1
thol^wej
•billed U
iii4nvar
Wflinl
Ttiialeni
mer legion
Antiocn.
•r
%'»i
r-.*
■fcl
Ife
V
Ijl ■^. WARH OF T>IK J»:W«
CHAP. VI.
T*« JifUgrtmllti tomflaU tf ArehtUul, *"^
ifrMrf »*«< >'■«» «»»''« "•'"'" #«'j(ff » (" Koi^Mii*
U«mrn»r$. hitl ohm C<nar hnJ htarU «■^«» ,
IhifhaJ /.. «*». *» Jiilfil'kUU HtruJi lh,\
miniunt «i«»ii)f '■(« Son*, ilcfoi-iimir '» *»* *"'"
/•iriuiir*.
1 I. Ilut now (Ml* Mwthfr irettMliorfff"'"'
Ik* Urn* iiK»in»l Arrh*l»u* (I Hoim , wlii« »•
J«, lo «M.w^r lo. It »«. i.i«<lr b) ihow •mhn*-
•kdur.. wli... l>«for» tl" i.v(ill. hi.il <^o.ii«, hy
Virui'i iwriiiiMMm. In |>l»ml fuf ih* I"""')' '"
dirir ...ui.ir>^ •'"'" »•'»• ' •""■ *'" '"^•> '" ".""V
Lr. tiiil lh»r. wiTt. iii..r« iIihh until tli..i»«ii>l "'
(hr Jr»< nl KmiH' ntio •tM>|iurU;il Ol»nl- A""
ih.. J-w. .l.Hi.l Willi ,l,.^«.nl|«.««l..r.. -...I ... c ,.''• ,7',Vr"„;;,,,,,u „„ thai liiii^ : l.uf » l»W
4. (,„ ll.r kM..lrr.l r.l \r.Wl,.u.. . ..■/ .l.mt, m a»y',»«'«;i^.. :,«'.. ,„ „„ „».,i. ..f K.lii.Kfvlu
r«l«* III.... iiripM ..|»u •»>;;' r,.rr, [J.yl Holup*
Ihvir l«. k« »• hill.«rt.i ] V\ h.r.iipH. lli*> prty
.d tl...l It" K<>iii»n« «»""''* '•"*•' i'.i»i(»'"«<>'' «!'«*.
Iti« l|..M.rl r»..ii.in. ol Jm\r», m»i >'M o^hm
»h»l «». I. It «'• 111"" «" ""^'' '" •'•'''•'"''•'r
|„n> lIlriM «o IM*.r.. »ii.l •I'"* «l") *"'»';' J*»
Ihrlr cmnlrY lo »»ri«. •n.l «<lim..iil«.r V' JH-
vrriHiiriil l.y llwir ..wu ..imiiwii'l'ri. wl.«.by H
woul.1 ["oonl b« .l».....Mlr»U.I lh»UhO».'*hoif«
uiMlrr Ih. cluhiiiy .if .«.liH..u.. (wr«m». hwI
|„„« Ql w.r, koow h.iw U. b.ar k-v*;""" ""f
.rr <*l ..vrr lli«iu, il lli») b* bu» luUrnbl. ....<_..
H,i III* J*w< r..»fl«.l*«l lh«i' ic. .<•»»""« W'*li,f»>»
r«.iur»l. Thiik r««» up Nii»Uu. •ii.Lcm.IuU.I
lb. «. nu..l.o... whicb w.r« br....Kbl «B(..mt U..
kliiKt. «.i.l hiwiwlf *«'ii»«<i »'" J'*!*'' "" ""';S-
bsnl I., be rulnl. »n<l »» ""'"'""y .li«'b«<ll>»l l»
i
iritlirr «iilri f'lr l'> ""'"I '"' Ar< hrlniu » •"I',
(hrir hulri'il 10 hliii, •ml .nv. ul kii... wi.MliI n"!
Ibtiii ttiiv»; whilr yrt thry <.er« •frmtl t"
'ly Ci.'tur wilb bin !.i:<ui<ri. |l»Mil««
kr* «vii« i)if»nit /Sr<b»U..«'« bnnh.T
1,1^; «i«« hilh»r brf.ir.bmnl »ul (if kiniU
£i ij« f.ir Iwu rr«t»iio .hr on» »»» Ibit.
Z^li. Iir kmUImik I" Ar.h«l»uii »iiil 111"
llbi«. lliHl 111 .««* ("ii lar ibiiLlil limllr
uiiliiii. of wbi.t Herod p.i«».«i.Ml •imxiK
krtt) , b* iiilKhl .ibliim »iii.ir »biir'' "f '••
3 jrnil .i.iWi 'ip<"> lb* prr.iii»«i<iii ihHl w"*
■ivru the Mtutn lo •R«i.k, ibry ii< !».« 8r»t
nlmr went ...rr" Her.iili. brr«rbr. uf <hrir l»«.
knil 1(1.1.1. Ih«l " hr «*». net n klnj;. but »»">'^f\
b»rb«r.).ii. «< M l)r«nl i.l thnl tli») b«.l found
him t . b» «nb b* lh« •ufli'rmn;ii lb»> Irrw.nl
rr.in. ».i'>i/th«« *''*» « *"'>• K""' iiunil" r I.Kd
brrn ul."" by him, ihuii. thm werr Ufl bml »n-
dur«il •ii'h HUM riM. thm H"! r«|l< d ilio«r tli«t
mfTu tlr».l hniipy <"«n; I***' >>* liiicl not <mly lor-
lur».l thr bodir.. of bit f iil.j«t«, but rnlirr nli<».
•ml hud ib.nr ii.iich Imrm M Ibe citi»i pf hn own
country. whil« h«- ii.lornfd »U..«« Ihm belonK^d to
forriltiier.. »h.l he .li«l tWp\»»A of ifw. m
ortler to .lo kliidiwrt lo ihiftt' i*oi.lr who w.r.'
out of llirir bouniU; Ibut b. bud lill.<l tbf notion
full of pov.riy-.i.id th. (?ri.al.,l ini.iuin, in-t.iK
of llmt li|.ppin<»» nni' lho«i- li.wn .vhich lli.y h«|l
.nrirntiv Vi.j..y.-.h lli«t. in »l.<;rt. lb. J.-.*. l.*l
born* more niliimiii** fnim H.rml in i. I. «
.rHri.. (bun hrtd (hrir fi.rifiilli. r« .liiriiiif nil Ibnt
Mil*M«l of linif Unit bii.t pi.»..(l «in<e tb.y bi.d
com.' out iit^Uhtivlon. «iiil r. tiirn. d boiiir. in lb»
nlxn Of Xerxri. + ihat, lioiir<v. r. the iistion «a«
coin.' to no low n i Uliaii, by 1.. iiiR UMiml to
hi«nli.bi|«. tb»l tb' \ cubiiiil'iiH,! to bn •iiii-.»Hir
of Ibtir o.vn nccor'.l, jl.oUKh b.' broURbl lli.iii
into bilter .b.v. ry : lU*l.-.-..rdii.gly tb.-y r. «ddy
CilL'd ArihrlftiM, tlm%b b.i w»» thn iMiu of m.
crrat i» t\riinl, kiiiR. after tbe ^\n■ettw of lii«
fmber. niHl i •inr.l with him in ii«|iirninK for Ibe
deHlb of IUt'oiI. itml wiih'niK Idm Rfiod nirreM in
thnt liH •uncMion; wbile vol thin Archilmi".
leit he ■•boiihl be in danjfir of not being lhoii(cht
the tteimin. «iii of llerorf, h»(;iin hi« rtMgn witb
the iiiiiriler ol tline thoMsind-citiiens: i.» il li.i
bud » iiiHjd lo iiffrr «o iimnv bloo'ilv *«i'ri(iceii to
God fo^ii* Koverniiient. «nd lo till tlie tniiple
with llit'fjk.- .lumber of"<hlnl b-^ie^ ai thhl fri-
tlv»l- iCbI. how. v.!r,tJ>oH/lhKt were lelt lifter »o
• innnv mii.efi.c. hud, jtMJ^ r>-f<»ofl to coii«(iler how
m Utt tbe c«liiii>ifiis th.'V bnd iinilerftone.'l.nd lo
opi«>w thfin^Ki" like i>oMiir» in wur, to re-
» Tbh hoUlinK « r oiiBf iUh I lie 't mpfe of A iiol lo.lii tlie
•mperor . iinlnie ill Koine, lut-AiiwHlus, mid ewrrih..
bulldlnB ofll..M(.ini.le mii;i|ifirfMt1y by limi-«'ll In Unit
Snlnre. nro etiirilv itBr.'Oiible lo AuKiiMiic i" Id
d»y« •lierwiiro, ne n»«i "■■"■■• """,,.,..„„,.'
ki.iK.io.li to Afch,i..i.., b. «''•'""»";""';, TI^
,m,r promi.e.l to muk.^ bin. kmK •'»'> •f",'*"{>'t
,f he' reudrreU bimwlf ""''hy,.".' ^^'! ,''!«'',''»: ■
Kul •• to th* olh« r h.H, he di»nl*d |i b.*o W"
Jlero.l. the one of tbem lo Hulil.. »mt lb. .aM
lo Ihiil Ami, wlio .:o«lr.t<f;i til. kiiiKdo.ii rtilli
Arrheli.,.., Under I''** '»•'*"% ^"';•l,"'''. 1'';
lilee. witb I. r«k«nu.,ol two bum rul li.le.il». I "J
ll.linet, »ml Tr..:l.«bili.. «ii.l Aur«n,li,. »iH
ct-rUiu wrli of Zeim'. bou.e «b..m in.nuiH. *ill'
Smenie of « liu"'tr.«l l«l'"f. "".^ '"? "'':
jecl (o I'hilip: While l.lu.ue..»ml »'•''»"''•-"»;'
■l*„n»ri». were ,M.rtj. of the ellin.rtli, of AtiW-
UuK. nlthoiiBh SuniKri. W«t «»«d of ""• 'I"!"-
ler of it. Uxe,. out of rewril to their "ol h-vH
revolted with tha re.l .ff the nation. H. iil«>
mmie .l.»uecl to bim the following c.li..,»i
Slralo'. Tower. «nd SebMte. aii.! Jupp«, .Mid J«-
ru..leni| hot u to the (;recian citie., (.ni,,, i<»a
t;«,lani, >n<l Hippo.. U« cut llieni, oil ir.n. ih.
kiliKiloiu. «""> •''^•'' Ihei" to Syria. No., the
.revenue of the country lh*l w». given to Ar. ir-
'liiu., WB. four hunrlred tal.nti. ,. Salome .1 o.
be.i.le. wbHl the kinK had lelt b.r in In. lr« .-
inenU. wu. now niacTe mi.lr... olJamnia. .i«
AiihibHl. and l'ha.ael... «;.r.ar du .iior.o.
l,..toW upon hir the rovnl pahire ol A«;aloii, Uj
all .vhirh .h.. got together a revenue Ol .i»t) I.-
|,.„l,-, bill he put her hou«e .Iml.r ihe ethm.r.l^
of A nh. Jan.. Ami for the r£,«t ol Hero. U oj-
.pri.iK. tliey rerelve.l what wa. .lfM''f''"'-|'»
. „ni in hi. L.taimnt.; but be.u .■« thm. (•»-
.nr Kr«nl.d lo flero.!'. two virwn .laughter. 6v<.
hiiwlrecl th..u.aiid [.Irarhmie] of « yer, and CTVf
tlie.ii in' marriHge t« the wn» of l'lieroru»; bill
after Ibi. family di.lribulion. he Ray.' b.twM'O
them what hud lieen bequeathed to llim I7 "«•
rod. which wa. a Ihou.umi talent., re.ervini; to
hinl»elf only .qnir in<H>u.iderable pre«(iil. 10,.
honor of the' decea.ed-
CHAI". VII. -
Th« nittory of the ipurioiia Alexander. ^^'^'■
laui h baniiheJ, anU (ilayhyra dhs, afiif Kha{
wtulohamnto both if them had been thouti
them in jbreami.
J 1. 1m the jiienn time there wa. a tnan; who
waV hv birth a Jew. but hrouRht up at Sidonivith
on. .iV the Roman frre<t-meii. who luN'lv prt-
temled, oii account of lb.; re.eiiiblj.nr.' ol Ib.'ir
eoiinlenaiire., that he «u. ibiit Alexiiifd.'r wlw
WH. .lain by.llerod. 'I'lii. m.iii cuiii.i to Koiin.
t Ileus we ba^*»^it«nl|t confiruintimi llml » WM
SerTJSViind not Artanerxe.. nmler wiiom tlic mila
onriofllie Jc.v. r«lurii..il out of tbe nnl.yloni.iii rapttr-
fl» ." V nHierinv.ofKzranndNehemiali. TlrtiaiM
. , • y * »
r. . i i . \ | rtt i "l i ' .i n |
J i..pn,.li..ln. ol^yn^and ptovo I tlibmUtn tlw Antlquiljet.B. xl.cli. V. lect i
WiK-Tiim. ' ^
fromSuftoniu* nailVrff^rlim.
»'
|U)t)K tt.--€JIAI'. Vllt,
•WW* III' hmMuiiI, <•! hia «wH nulinii, himI wli»
km w nil % "H'k" "t «*" fcitft'l"iii,»H"t i.nlvii' ts
itf liiiii ill ••» hiiw ihiw* tlmi *i rK >• nl «» kill
liinniiiwl ArhMliuh" hull fMi> ufum iKvm, «ntl
ai;l<< iIkbi •wini Ii* (I'lliiiijf l>'»li»'^ Mi.»l wiiri'
likr thuft in lli'<ir iil»<-«". Tliin uiii'li rl^rnt^tl
iHc J»*« ih»i oitf at ('r»«*. "I'll «"« • K" "« ''•'•'
iif moiirv or«4t»iii t«r irm.iUl)i){ m ii'liiHiliirr
ifiltl llitm'* Mllvil ti* .Mrliii, »b> fit liK WM IbOuKlij
»o etrtuWji K»iiiMH<-. iimi !!•• pit » K";»».t'*«
' iiiorx Mvinf)'< <'>«! lirrvvil'il HiililhiiM' iIikI ImuI
lr«*iy<)' hiiu I" "III hIi'iik hiOi liiiii 111 Muii««-' Nu
hrWlrd Hi Hirtiin'llKi, ( I'liliiill.) Mini Kol »i'rx
Ui^* •»i«i(l« I'ro'i* 111* J*"* t*hiMl|»<U llfi'iw,
««il «^*f <'<>iHtu('l«il \if ilia liilhi r'l I'ri) iiil« »* if li«
ttiirr * klliKt WMy, iIhi^ rr»iiili|un««> ill lilt I'liliii-
trniiiM'*- t>r>ii'iir«'4l Itiin >'i iiiuHi rnidil tluit iIkkh
whii li«il •ml M( KiiiiiU'r, ami Iwil known liiiii
*«r; well, wni(l<| lake thririiullit lliat hi «yiiii llir
vMrJ'imftH.' jv r»iin. Afiaiicliiinl^ , llm » Imli' lioilv
sf tn* (l«W« llxii w«r>i*t lluiiK' run iiiit in rniwil*
lo •r<' niiHt *"'' II* iiHiiiiiii'i'iilili' iiiiilliliiil) thi r<'
wil< wiiii'b •toiitl In tli« iiiirriiHi |il*t'i-K, iliruiinh
lyliii'li he wii» 'inffi"! ; <•>(■ lli"«r uf IVU'lm wtn'
lo tor ilUlfafii-'li itiiit, i>i"y ^»r^i•<^ blni in n »«••
(JlDianil iii«l»il»ini li "Mif^ynl iiU<IMl«lice_fc>r hini
»l till ir own itrii|n'r<:H'ifK««. ■■
i. IJut (^M'tar, who kli*wH»rfnll> ?»«'ll flir
• |lM»»nn/nl»'nf Aliwmtir'^ fiiW, hri'«u»» Im liiul
lii'in anilirij liy Hiiti'l •"■fort' liiwi. iluiiiiliil lt)»
trulli of (hi; •iDi'^i I'Vin Mitiri' he >iiw th<- luan.
Muwf vrr, lix >ull*r«il )h« H|^r4 1'ultli' liiiiie tlnit
wrnt iirhiin to hnv> timw wi'ifclil, Wrtli hnii, miil
•*nl Cili"lii«, iinii HhoHill kii' IV Aliiiiiiilj'r. i»iiil
iinlrri:<i hlii; to bring tlir yitliilK niiiii In hlin. Itut
whiT»'-ii'»'i' »'i>v hiiM. ill- iniiimliiil4ly ili'Ci rrtiil ]
M diM't'rriK-'' in liin I'ugHti-intnii . lunl mWii Iiv Imil
ll(*<*n«<'rr(l llial hii whole liiiil.) wnn hI' « iiiorii
ri)hitat li itrirr, |in I Ul><> tlint <irH»liivi, lui nii-
•Jt.ritiMiil that ihi' wlliij)' Wh« u runtriniiit r. lint
ri»« ini|ju«l<n<«' 01' whui hf unit uriiillv jirovokul
hriiiitii b«r nntfrv «l hiun tui- wh«,n hi ««• nukid
'■* abpiil' Al-i«lciliiilu.<, ln' wiiil llinl" In- w»i< alio iirt-
. i^rVrilalivt', iirfil will left on ft><ii^|">'i' tn''y|irii» r»)r
'--' .Kafol triHclilirv, l«M'iii(«i- it W(|iiW 111. liiinttr for
plulttiFt (u |C< I llicnr liolb into lli< |r powir ivliiln
. ihi'V MiTi* ai'pitrati-o" 'Ihin ilol (Vtiir laki liini
by Iii.iH»Hf |iriviit«lv, unit niiid to lilm, "I will jtrvi-
(hrc tby llff, if lliiiu wilt (li»<on r wln»r il »ni-
that nrrtltiiiliil tln-i' (o lorjci' aurh iturUn." Hii
he ■aiil. tbiil \>n wiinlil ilitiotir him, amlfullim-
td C'a'wr- and nhintl-d to llint Jiw who iilmn'd
Ibf wicnitiliinfr. of hin fncp >to Kift luonry, for
that h« had rirrivrd morn prlaiiit* in cvtry
city Ihan-uvnr Alrxandcr did whtii^ he wna iklivr.
Civaar lai>Kla'd at lli<^ contrivaiu;?', and jiut thit
, ipurinu* AlfYliiiidi^lr anionic- lii* rower*, on ar-
dounl of l)ii!ltlrm((th of hia hinly , but oril«Tfd_
tiln^lhal pioMidrd him t».h« put li) death. Bnt'
for the fM'Ojilt W Mrloa, lln-y had bitn nilKi'ifnt-
ly pnnlal(ed forVhiir fully, by thu ixpcuac* they
bad hitii at on lil» accomil.
. 3. And now Arfchrlaua took poMxiialort of hja
ethnartdiy, and uaiil not tbi' Jrwi only, bnt thi'
Sainaritiina aUn, barbaronaly ; and thia out of
hia rettsntnu'lTl of their old ((uarreU with him.
IVlt^uiHin Ibi'V both of tbt'in arnt anihaaitadDra
«^«inat iiini lo Civaar, and pi (li« ninth yt ar of
hia Kpytrnniint hi' waa hamaheil tu Vitniiai a
city of (iaul, and hia ellirta wrre pnt into Ca'-
Mri(r«aaury. <Kut-the riiiuirt ((oei, th%t before
b« waa aent for bv Cipanr, lie arrnied to aec nine
tin of corn, full and Inrgr, 'but devoured by.
oxen. When, thiTiforo, ho had arnt for the divi^''
atti, and aonii^ of the ChaldeaiiH, anil inquired of
tlieiu what idiy thought it portended, ami when-
one of them had uiie intfqiretHtion, and anuthef
had anotbrr, Simon, one of the aert of the Ka-
■ tenet, aaid, that " br tbQU);ht llie eari of corn de-
- noted yeara, and tlie onen denoted a nilitation of
thingt, bce«uac by their ploughing (hey made
*.'■ ■
4M
that ih^nfeM
I at thert w»f«
Idt'aed UiruMgh
.mhl.Ii.'." NmW
h<nnl lh»* inter*.
iiWtrixl
wHiiK)! to b« rt<
Ihr iliiii|[tiitry of
hull, •«lto bail at
bo waa. Ihr bro-
ft^Hiii;^ whiiin w« hava
AU>.uiil«r W'la IIk aoli
nliiiiM lie wiK pnl li>
Illy related, i hta (•!••
liia diMh. to JhIw, king
ofl.ibyR, ami iil|i r hotli a(b, waa rilHriu.l hoiu*. '
and lived a widow with bir father. I hen il naf
that Arrhilaiia, (ho elhiiarih, taw l|<r, ami jell
•o lieepU III lote with her, llml he ili»oMi'd ,\U< .
riainne. mIio (tfia then hia wth', and ninrried her.
When, thi refora.ahe waa conii' jntu Jndea, and
bad b«-ru there I'or a lifti* while, ahr (hoiiuhl aha
aiiw Ah taiiiUr alaiMl bv her, and that tie aaid to
her, "Tliy iiiitiriuK<' wllh tUv kluK ol' l.ibyk
nliicbt harr IhiH auttirient Tin- tliee; lint llio«
waat not rtinlented with hhli, 'ttnl Mt relnrnrtl
nKaiii (u niy f:tinil> , to a (lunl hunliaiMl, and hU>i
ihou iiii|Miil< n( woman. ha«i ihoii rbo'rnfor rtifne
ItiialiMiiil, who la nit lintlher. Ilomvi r, 1 almtl,
lull overlook (he injury Ihou liaat otii red nie< t
ahnll faoon I have ll'iee aKalii, whether tlioii wilt
' or.m>." Now ( Jiapby rn hardly aiirvived (h« nar-
radon of (bii dream of hera IHro daya. . ": .\,
(THAI*. VIH.
Il/<.'«i
..Irehibnit'i fUhnnrikji h rtitufij inta • JW«-
mnn] Pniriifti. 'I'hn Htdilinn ijfjiu'
liUt, The Ihrti Stftn/ Jhi /tir$.
5 I", /VM) now Ari'hilaua'i part of Juilea waa
reilund iiilo u proiln/et and (.'ofHinm-, one of
the iipiii>(rinn iitder aniiii^; the Koiiiioia, waa
•em n« n priH'nralor, havintc lht> laiwir of [Ufa .
and death [ (Uit into bii hi>nd> Id Ceaar. I'lidar
Ilia itditiiniatrntifin i( W!i>, tliHl u'ri rfninOalilian,
«ihoai' ninmr wa< Judaa, prevoded with hi* loiin-
iryiiien'lo revolt, and airtd tliiy were rouiirda if
thiv would mdnpc to pay n iix In Uie (toiimnf,
nriil woiiid, 'filter (linl, aiibwll t(i iiivrliil iiiui U
their liil'd^. 'rbiainiln wna ii li-inbei' ol it periiliiir .
aert of WmiWH, arid wa* not al alllilf' iba r«at
III (boa>' Jhi irleadir''.
2. I' or lliere are three pliilivojihiral aeota
Hnion'K |lhe Jeiv.: The fiJ|iiHir» ol the tirilof
wbifb'n'n the I'liari-Oiea, of (lie aeconil the Sail-
dueeeai ahil the third m I'l, kliiib piiileinU to »
aeverer dtariplfiie, an- i,'alb-d l-'.-aene*. 'rhue hilt
are Jewa l>\ bl^etb, mid aeeni to have a Kreatei!
[illii'tion I'ui' one niiolher llilin the other accla
Jinve. Theae K'aeiiea rejeef pleiwiirea al) an evil,
but eateeni ronliii< lire, imd the i'oii(|iu'at over
our paavioda, tolw >ir(iii.'. 'I'liey |H'kU<'< wed-
loi'k, but rhooae iiiit other piraona' cliildren
white they are jiliable and fit for.'Irnrhiiii;, and
eateem tb'eiii to be of their kindred, 111111 form
them nrrordiiii; lo tliilr own iiiannera. 'rtiey du
not abaoluW^ly ileny the titiiw of niarria|;e, 'und
the aiiei'eaaion i>( mankind IneriliV euhliiimd;
but (hey (jnard apiinat llie hiaciviona bcliarior
of woiiien, anil are pei'Huadrd that none of them
|>rea«rve their lideliiy to one man.
J. 'f bene" men are deapiai r'a of rirhea, n'iid ao
very rommunirative iia raiaea our ndniirulion. •
ISp't ia there luiy one to. lie found umoiii; tlreiii
who hath more than ao'ithir; for it ia a law
^alllonl( (bejii, that (hoae who route to (hem muit
Ikt wb»( they have In'' eiMiiinon to the whole
order, inauuiorh (lint nnlon^ them ^11 (here ia no
appearanec Of poverty, or exieaa of rirliea, bill
evcrV oue'a iMiaaeaaioi'ia are. interi>iinti;ted with
cvery\^other'ii iHiaaeaaiuna, and an there ia, aa it
werei one patriniony among alt the brethrea
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456
WARS OF THE JEWS.
Th.r^.i"I^ .h*t 6U i. « cl,fil.n,e„t; .nJ if any , J.^^
i„eoftl.«n.be«m,mU..l, "ilhout h,P owl. appro- e»u«.ol ^h"^^ '• Ijl^^f;;,, „„„.„„.„, ,„,„{
bation. it i. wipHl oir hi* Irudy ; for i hey . unV lo *^;,'^,^;>; '„ ' * „„„„,., u.en., and that .«ch a.
b. .weaty » a ^ood UunK. ». they do aUo to be »»" ^^"^^ , ^^i^,,, f.„ o.en..
clothed ii> white garment,. Ihe^ .•'*" J"" .^ And truly I a. lor other thing.. Ihey-do no-
M/'t ■
•i' And truly, a« lor other thing*, Ihty-do no
thiiitr but an ording to the injuiiclimu of llieir
.uriitprs; only thene two things aVc done among
then, at every one'* own fr.e-wdt, which arjU,
afi.i.t Iboie that want it, and to .how .i>';rcy,Tor
they are .KTinilted of their own accord 10 i.flord
luceor lo luth ai deserve it. when they *lan*'in
need of it. anil to bestow food on thote that nre jn
di,tre»«; but tJiey cannot give «iy thing lo Iheir
nucii a. ui.:ji ■" •' ■ -•■"■ J-- T -iih kindred without the curators, fhey dispense
been ever so long «':n''»i"'«>'. "'"J "/X ""^^^ after a just manner, and restrain
whicht reason thev carry nothing at ttwir an(,er «"rr, j___ „„,.„.„,
ClOtllca 111 Willie gnrm,.!"!. ■ ••-/ .
Stewards appointed to take rare of llieir common
afl'nirs, who, every one of them, have no sepa-
ratp business for any. but what i» for the use of
th'iu all. . , f
4. They hate no one certain city, but many oi
them dwell in every city; and if any of tbe^r
tect conic froiji Other places, whal they have lies
open for them, just as if it were their own, ami
they (jb into such as they never •">«*. |^ff»";;i|'^
if tney haii ' " "" ""
them. I'or
their paMion, They are eminent for lid.l ty,
and nri the ministers o( peace; whatsoever they
.av also ii^firnier than an oath; but swearii.Kis
avoide.l by tlieW. ami they- esteem it wOrne than
perjury ;« for they say, ihpt he who cannot b.^ he-
heved. without [swearing by] Ood. is alr.«(ly
condemned. They also take great pains in ,tu-
...v , „'- . , . . ■ ,.„ I Hiliiir the writinics of the nhcients. and chouse
„ diiUren use who-are in fear of heir masters, dj n^^ 'j^.^Xt is most for the advanlage «f
Nor Oo they allow of the change of g"""-? »/ their soulTnd body. HiKlUie/ iii.,uire alter ,uch
them. !■ or wnicnt reason ui.t v»..j -„
all with them when they travel into remote parts,
though still they take their weapons with them,
for fear of thieves. Acconlingly. there is in efc-
ry oity where they live, one appoinied partini-
lirly to take ca>e of strangers, and to provide
Kariiients and other necessaries for them. Itut
tlic habit and management of their bodies is su. h
a. diiUrtn use whoare in fear of their masters.
or worn oni uy lime. iiu. u,. v..^/ - ..
■ell any thing to one another, but every one ol
them gives what he hath to him that wunteth it,
gnd receives from Jiim again in lieu of it what
may be convenient for himself; and althmigh,
there be no requital made, they are fully allow-
ed to take what they want of whomsoever fhej
'' 5*' And as for their piety lowar<ls Ood , it is very
eitraordinary; for. before sun-rising. they speak
notm word about profane niiitlers, but pulu).--. t-
taln prayers, whicKthey have received Iroiii their
forefathers, as if they mndc a supplication lor
its rising. After this, every one of them is sent
away by their curators to .xercisesorae of those
arts wherein they are skilled, in which they
Tabor with great diligence till the hfth hmir.
After which th.y assemble themselves tog.-ll.< r
iigain into one place, and when t ley have cloth-
el themselves in white veils, they then b^vlhe
their bodies in cold water. And after this jiiiri-
, ficatijn is over, they every one meet together lu
' in anarlinent of tbeii- own. into which it is ijfit
permitted to any of another sect to enter; while
they CO, after a pure nianiier. into the diiiing-
rooiiifas into B certain holy temnle, andx,uielly
set themselves .lown: upon which the bi.ker
■ (, lavs them loaves in order; the cook also brings
a single iJate of one sort of lood. and sets it be-
• fore every one of them; but a prlei^t says grace
'"7'"i»ut now, if any one hath a mind to row
over tt> their sect, he is nOt immediately admit-
ted, but he is prescribed the same method of
living which they uK. for a year, whi e Jie.con-
tmuts excluded: and they give him also a small
hatchet, and the foreiiientii.ned girdle, and lh«
white garment.' And when he hath given evi-
dence, <luring that lime, that he can observe iheir -
roi.tinence, he a^iroaches nearer to their wayot
living, and is made a partaker of tlic waters ut
nurilication; vet is he not even now mimilted to
live with them; 'for after this demonstration ol
hi, lottilude, his temper is tried two more years,
ami if he appear to be worthy, they then admit
him into their society. Ami before he is allowed
to touch their common food, he is obliged to lake
tremendous oaths, that in the first pla.x he wi
exercise piety towards Clod, and then that he will
observe iu?ticc lowanls men. and that he will do
no harm to any one. either of hi' own accord, or
by the command of others; that lie wrill always
hate the wicked, and be assistant to the right-
eous; that he will e*-er»how fidelity to all men,
and especially to thoie ia authority; because no
one obtains the government ivithout God s asjistr
mice; and that if he be in authority, he will at
no time whatever abuse his authority, nor ^-
dcavof to outshine his subjects, cither in hn
fo;e ';:ve^y .nc of tUeui; bat .. )-^^' ^^^X\Z^^r^ ^^^-o^ finS} thili he wiUbe
before meat, and it is unlawlul f?^ »Vi J"^,, ° f,"" '^^^^^^^^
taaeofthefoodbelore^acebe.snid rhes.u,e p.^^^^^^ ^^U ,.J J,,^, ,„. „i,|
priest, when he hath dined, '".v* .ff"" "f"'" »''" l, el, his iand* clear from theft, and his soul from
Eieat. and when they begm, and when they *nd ("^^vvful gain'; and that he will neither conceal
they praUe God, »'Jj^^}f '^.^trnt oS ^^^^l^m'hose of his own sect, l.or dis-
u,>on them; after n ml «''\5 •'"?.";'•,„ !^' ^^s^^ ^ns of their doctrine, to others; no, not
[white] garmeiijs. and betnke t'f "7' " '°^ "^'' ' Jhough any one should compel him so to do at
tabors again till the ev-ining; then they re urn °"g" »"f "f ^j, ,,fe. Moreover, he swears to
home to'supper. »"" ' -,.f «!; "'tHoVvn wi , i cominun-|cate their doctrines to no one any other-
there b« any strangers there. «h«-y/'» f""" "'."' i ^e than as he received them himself; that he
them. Wor is there .evur any clan o or di^- « f ^^i'»».,Xm'„bbery, ami will equally pre-
turbance to^pollute their '""»',•. J'"' ''^^^Jeh '• Terve the books belonging to their sect, and the
Se''thuXt in^'^retr hou^:^;;;'e"aVs"o fo! ^ 'Z... of the angelst'[or messenger,.] These
.Thispraciiceof the Es.enes.ln refusing to .-"^ ' JrvetdoIhcTe'V'.'.lnu'Ifiw^^
than vfrinrii, isnenveiuu iuti,: .,. h.... v, ""» ;;,
I eoarullcl Injunrtionsof our Haviour, Matt. v. 34
iiliMe and of et. Jamesrv. N; h|.t all admit of par
ticular exceiilion. for solemn rniiKCs. anil on creiit and
necessary otrasion.. Thus tlie«. very Essenes, who
here do so zeidoiisly avoid swcirini!. arc related, in the
wry next section, io admit none till tliev 'ake '""•«»■
tout oatKn to perform llieir several duties to Ood and
M their neigtihor. without supposmr ••"■» "'"ehv
falseln, ana i<>itweor<>/ie»un«ii. '"■"•'•■•"'■iVi " ', ,„t
awtn,liy).o( svearingat oH. hut withal addinir.tliM
wliich nhundiinllv exi>Iain lo us the naiure of the mea
8Ure.oflhi(t|!cncrnlinjunrtion. „„,„i.,i,
t This mention of llic name* oftnpels, to Pa'tif ulaw
nrescrvcd bv tHc Kssenes, (if it mean, more tliaa lliose
., to' nod and mr^aff«r,V^dcli wore employed lo Irins tliem.l.epe^
heV trere"? euliar ifook/^ their .cr.,) looks h^e " I';« ;'''^, "' j!
BOOK II.-CHAP. VIII.
\
457
niyitcrjr; the
I tiibriil); lliey *
if^iifinri^ ul' iitt-nf
id tliiit Buch u
j», lhrjr-(lo no-
iCtiom of llieir
ite (loiiR nniunK
It, ivliicli nra|i4
ihow iiKTcyrior
B(:c<irtl l6 iiHi>ril
Ml tli«'y.*laii<r'in
thoifi ilmt nri! in
ay thing lo ihcir
riipy ilinpense-
cr, nnil ristram
enl lor t'uUlitjr,
whalsocvtr thfy
; but nft'eariiii; is
em it w(>rHe than
ho cannot bi' !)«•
God, is »lr««(ly
rpat jmins in stu-
intit, and chouse'.
ihc advantage of
iu)uirK after auch
ay cure their tlil-
1 a mind to com*
imedjalely admit-
tanie method of
ar, while J|e|Coii-
e him also a aniall
d girdle, and th«
e hath given eyi-
■ can observe iheii- -
rer to their wayot
• of tiic waters uf
1 now admitted to
demonstration of
d two more years,
, they then admit
efore he. iii allowed
c is obliged to lake
lirnt jilacc lie will
id then that he will
and that he will do
his own accord, or
liat he wrill ulwiiys
slant to the rigfil-
fidelity to all men,
hority; because no
rithout Uod's assist'
uthority, he will at
authority, nor t/i-
ects, cither in his
y; that he will be
ind propose-<a hini-
l lies; that lie will
>ft, and his soul from
will neither conceal
own sect, Iior di«-
s to others; no, not
pel him so to do at
•over, he swears to
to no one any olher-
•111 himself; that he
ml will equally pre-
> their sect, and the
ucssengcrs.J These
.encral,ch.».12;ch.vi.
re, by avoidini; to »»«»»
»Tain,chaii. ii. 3C;an<l
lut withal addinir.tlist
aear truly, eh. vii. f.
the nacure of the mea-
rtngeU, BO particularly
means more than those
redlolTinBtlicnitlicpe-
■M liken prelude to tliiit
In- i't. I'nul !i3 '"'l"'/''''"
li fort of people nsiiieK
the prayer to or towards
■r« the osths bjr Which lh«y secure their prose- 1
Ijles 10 themselves. .-, .
8. But for those that are c«u»ht in any heinous
■ins, they c»st them out of their society, and he
who is inus separated from them, docs often ilie
after a miserable manner; for as he is bound by
the oath he hath taken, and by the customs he
hath^been engaged in, he is not at liberty to par-
take of .mat food that he nieefs with elsewhere,
but it f*ced lo eat grass, and lo famish his body
with hunger till he perish; fur which reason they
receive many of them again, when they are at
their last gasp, out of compassion to them, as
. thinking the miseries they have endured till they
came to the very brink of death, to be a sufficient
punishment for the sins they had been guilty of.
9. But.in the judgments they exercise they
are most accurate and just, nor do they pass
, fentence by the votes of a court that is fewer
than a hundred. And as lo what is once deter-
mined by that number, it is unalterable. What
they most of all honor, after God himself, i*
the name of their legislator, [Moses,] whom if
any one blaspheme, he is numshed capitally.
They al.o think it a good thing to obey their
elders and the major part. Accordingly, if ten
of iheni be sitting together, ilo one of them will
speak while the other nine are against it. They
also avoid spitting in the midst of them, or on
lllie righUide. \loreover, the^ are stricter than
any other of the Jewi in restinfi from their la-
bors on tfie seventh day ; for they ttot only get
their food ready theoday before, that they may
not be obliged to kindle a fire on that day, but
they will not remove any vessel out of its place,
■or go to stool thereon. Nay, on other days
they dig a small pit, a foot deep, with a paddle,
fwhichkindof hatchet is given them when they
are 6rst admitted among them,) and covering
themselves round .with their garment, that they
may not affront the divine rays of light, they
ea|ie themselves into that pil, after wh'.eh they
put the earth that was dug out again into the
pit, and efen this they do only in the more lonely
places, which they choose out for this purpose;
and although this easement of the body be natu-
ral, yet it is a rule with them to wash themselves
after it„BS if it were a defilement lo them, x ,
10. Now after the time of their preparatory
trial is over, they are parted Into four classes;
aad so far are the juniors inferior to the seniors,
that if the seniors should be touched by the.
juniors, they must wash themselves, as if "they
had inl^raiixed themselves with the company
of a for«istwr;- They are longlived also, inso-
much thai many of tnem live above a hundred
Tears, by meant of the simplicity of their diet,
■ay, af'I think, by means of the regular course
of life thev bhterve also. They contemn the
miseries of life, and are above pain, by the gcne-
rasily of their mind. And as for death, if it will
be for their gloH, they esteem it bettir than
living alvTays ; adjllincleed our war with the Ro-
aiaiu gave abundant evidence what great souls
they had in their trials, wherein, although they
were tortured ancL distorted, burnt and torn to
pieces, and went through all kinds of instruments
of torment, that the^ Epight be forced ieither to
blaspheme their legislator, or to sat what was
forbidden them, yet could they not be made to
do either of them, no, nor once to flatter their
tormentors, ortoshed a tear; btit Ihey smiM .
in their very pains, and laughed those to scora
who inllirted the torments ujion them, an(l re-
signed up their souls with |{reat alacrity, as cf
peeling to receive Iheni again.
11. For their di.ctrine is this. That bodies •!»
corruptible, and that the matter they are made
of is not jiernianeni ; but that' the sdiils are im-
mortal, and continue forever, and that they come
.out of the most siihtilc air, and are united to their
bodies as lo prisons, into which they 'are drawn
by a certain natural enticement; but that when-
they are set^free from the bonds of the (lesh,
they theOja/releSsed from a long bondage, re-
joice -aniNllMut upward. Aod this is like the
opinions of the Greeks, that good souls have
ineirhfrtiilalions beyond the ocean, in a region,
that is neither oppressed with storms of rain or
snbw, or with intense heat, hut that this place is
luch as is refreshed by the gentle breathing of »-
west wind, that is perpetually blowing from the
ocean;< while they allot to bad souls a dark and
tempestuous d*n, full of never-ceasing punish-
ments. And indeed the Greeks seem to me to -
have followed the same notion, when they allot
the islands of the blessed to their brave men,
whom they call heroes and demigods; and to Iha
souls of the nicked, the region of the ungodly,
in Hadess'where their fables relate that certain
fersons, such as Sisyphus, and Tantalus, and
lion, and Tityus, are punishe<f ; which is built .
on this fit»t supposition, that souls are immor-
tal ; and thence are those exhortations to vir-
lue, and dehortationt from wickedness collecled,
whereby good men are bettered in the eonduct of
their life by the hope they have of reward after
their death, and whereby the vehement inclina-
fions of bad men to vice are restrained, by the
fear and expectation they are in, that although
they should lie concealed in this life, they should
sufler imniorlal punishment after their death.
These are the divine doctrines of the F'.ssenes
about the soul,* which lay an unavoidable bait
for such as have once had a taste of their philo-
sophy.
12. There are also those among them who un-
dertake to foretell things to coftiejt by reading
the holy books, and using seveial.sorts of purifi^
cations, and being perpetually conversant in the
discourses of the prophets: and it is but seldom
that they miss in tneir predictions.
13. Mos^over, there is another order of Es-
senes, who agree with life rest at to their way of
living, and customs, and laws, but differ from
them in the point of marriage, as thinking that
by not marrying they cut off the prmciDal part
of human lite, which is the prospect of succcs-
S190; nay, ralher, that if all men should be of
the same opinion, the whole race of mankind
would fail. However, they try their spouses for
three yean, and if they find that they have their
natural purgations thnce, as trials that they are
likely to be fruitful, they then actiially manrr
them. But they do not use to accompany with
their wives when they are with child, as a de-
monstration that they do n« marry out of regard
to pleasure, but for the sake of posterity. Nowthe
women go into the baths with some of their gar-
menU on, as the n«n do with somewhat girded
about them. And these ure the customs of thia
order of Estenet.
the iun for his rising every morning, mentioned before,
■ect. 5, very like those not much later oliaerTancc*
made mention of in the preachlnfof Peter, Anthent.
Rec. part ii. p. 669: and reparding a kind of worship of
angels, of the month, and of the moon, and not eeliAra-
Uog the new moons, or other (lestiyals, unless the moon
appeared; which, indeed, seems to me the earlleM men-
lion of any regard to the moon's phases in flxing the
Jewish calendar ; of which the Talmud and later rab-
tiinatallE SO much, and upon so very little ancient fouh-
datlon
'* Of these Jewish or Kssene, and, lnde«d, Chrlsilan | ptH
doctrinti concerning souls, both good and bad, in
Hades, see that eicellent-discourie or homily ofoar
JoKpbus concerDing Hades, al the and of the vvork.
Tnean Aldrlch reckons upthreeesAnplet of this gift
W prophecy in several of these Esaenes out of Josephua
htiSself,yii. intheHistervof the War, B.i. cb. Mi.
t«l. 5. Judai foretold the death of Anilgonus atStra-
to'B Tower ; B. Ii. cb. vii. sect. 3 ; Simon foretold that
Arebelaus sliolild reif n hut 9 or 10 yearj; and Antta. B.
IT. eh. x. 'seel. 4, 5, Manahem foretold that llero«
Bbonld Be klni;, and should reign tyrannically, and IBrt
for more than 20 or even 30 years. All w hich •— — •-
ucotilingly
2P
4^8
VVxVRS Oi' Tin: JFAV9.
,4. B«. then M .o .he two other «ni..,.«.orH | j-^'-.j'ii'r;;':::!;' jrj^ vic^t^T^
,Hrnti.......l, The l-hnriier. »r« th,». who ».« ' ^T ,,? ». . HMom«h«. .I tho ..jrht nf Ihp.n,
- . II ... .t...i •.. »<.| uiliiil 'iM riirtit. iirthoCOn-
unci \< t iill(iiv..lhul to Hit whul nriKlil,ortti(tion
Iran, i* pnn-iimlly iii tliit (..mi r ol iiirn; «1
Ihrniifh fulv 'lo.-. .•o-o|).iiilc 111 ,.v.ry mtioii.
The V my, tlint nil iiuiIk mi- ii|rorrii|)lil>l< . »«'
Ihntlhu ».>iil«« of (,"""1 ""■'">"'>•"'■<•■•""'•""' """
othrr hodiV-.. l-.il thai the .oul. ot bn.l ii.cii nre
.ubitM't t.. ct.rn..l puninhiiient. Uut the ^.i.Ulu-
cee, ..re tho^-n thi.t <o.,.|«':<'^ the •eron.l or.ler.
■ml livkn iWiiV f"tc .'ntifely. nn.l mippone that
God i» mil «<•"«*'■''*'' i" "'"' ''omS «"" '">' ;'""'5
whnt it «vil; »"'! ii'-y "»y- '•»" '" «<;»."•'»' '"
Eoo.l or what U evil, i» at iiieir» own choice, anrt
th« thp onf or the. other l.j-long* «o to every
one. that they 'may act^tt, they pka.e. 1 hey
lino taka away the belief of the in.nior nl (liiH-
tion of the Mill, ami the (.uiiwhinenti and rewards
b Halle.. l»4oreo»er, tlie l'harl,«ei. are friendly
to one amjthcr, anil arc for the "•"■^'•'^of <=l"-
conl, «mV regahl fo^ the public; hut he beha-
»ior of the Sadducee^ one towardii another i« n
lome. degree wild, ami their roiiversatioit Willi
tho»e that are of tlieir own party is a» bartmroii.
■s if they were strangers to them. And thi«_ s
what I had to say conccniing the philosophic
iects among the Jews, ,..
inmife I" be l.iouBht liilo the nly. Nav. l>'Mdr»
the l«diKH»lion wlii.h the ntu< i.« tlienn. Ives
had at this procedure, A vb»1 number of the jieo-
pl« came rminini? out of the country. Il»«e.
came i. alo.wlj to I'itate to Cie^urea. ar.d oe-
.oucht hini to cnrrv ihrtw einiffiw out of JinHa-
lem. and to preiervc them their ancient an, m-
violable: but upon I'ilatc's denial of th. ir re-
liuest, they fell down prostrate upon the |,'rouii.1,
ami continued immoveable in that pcrtture lor
live days and a* many rtichts. . . ■,
;(. Onthenejt davl'Miitc sat upon his tribu-
nal in the open market-place, and callinl lo him
the multitu.Ic. as ile.irous to gi.e them an an-
swer i and then fiave a signal to the sohlieri that
they Khould all by «Kreemeiit at onco encuim.^"
the Jews wilhtheir weapons: so tht! Uaml ol »|.l-
diers rt,iod round about the Jews in three ranks.
The Jews were at the utmost coiHternalion at
that u.iexp"te.l si«IU. I'ilate nUo «.iJ o tFien.
that they sh.mld be Cut m pieces, iinlos tl»>
«Ouhl a.lmit of Ca-.ar's iumfte,, uii< pave m i-
Nation t.. the s.,ldiers to.lraw their naked »« .>r....
Hereupon the Jews, as It were atone signal, hi
down 111 vait numbers to-ether. and_expo,ed
their necks bare, and iried oiit, that they ».re
sooner ready to be slain^ Uum that their law.
5 1 And now as the ethnarchy of ^rchelaus
was fallen Into a Komaii province, t*;"-^' r «"",^
of Herod, I'hilip.aud that Herod whcTw*! railed
Antioas. each of them took upon them the aU-
^Wl^ion of their own tetjiuchies; "^J. "^^^ j ;e;.nC"i; Wri;"ra^;eh;;;;r;nhkdi;,.rl,:
Salome died, she be,p.eathe,rio Ju la. the Wifi; wt^n h., « 'J fP^^ ,,,-^^, ;„ ,|„ir .„.,„„
of Aueustus, both her toparchy, and Jamnia. as i ance, he inix..l nis o«ji o _ _ _^ _ ^^.u:,»\
. ." _!__.-.:... ..f .„.li.,.ii.K.» lliat was in
expemlius that sacreu ire.i-. m.' "•"■••• ■■, '
Corbant ufoii nrpieducts wherebv he bro .-I t
water from the distance of four hundred farlJi i;s.
At this the multitude had indignation; and wh.a
t'llate was conic to JerusaUmi, th.y came about
'his tribunal, and made a clamor at.it. . INow,
Ot AURUSIUS, OUllI iici >U|""-'V' , ;
bIso her plantation of palm-trees tiiat was in
Ph««aeri8.t But when the Koiuan euiptrc was
translated to Tiberius, the son of Julia, upon tlie
death of Augustus, who had reigned fifty-seven
Tears, six, months and two days, both Hero/1 and
Vhilip cofltinued in their letrarchies. and the lat-
ter of them built the city of Cwsarea. *t the
fountains of Jonlart. and in the region of I ancas;
Malsothecityof Julias, in the lower (-.anl""!-
tis. Herod also built the city of Tiberius in t^ali-
lee, and in I'eren Tbeyond Jordan] another that
was also called Julias.
2 Now I'ilate, who was sent as a procurator
into Jiidca by Tiberius, sent by night those ima-
g«» of C-esar that are called ensigns into Jeru-
• There Is so much more heri ahont the Eswnes than
U cited from Joscphiw in Porphyl-y n"'! K'"/'""''"''*
,6t so much Ic*. ahout the Hhartace- and SaJrfiirees, the
two other Jewish sects, than Avould natunilly l« ex-
nerte.1 in nronortioii to the Essencs or tJilrrt sect, nay,
thin JeeiiiS to he referred to l,y himself elsewhere, that
oae i-Te'nplod to .appose Jojephus •«<'' l'"''' «''rhr.
"esatoftlieoiicand inord of the two others than.hls
we«Slt copies allord us ; as also, that hy some unknown
SSitour prcscntcopiesarc here made up of the lar.
tercdiLn lathe flrstrn8C,an,lll'.esiiiallerinlhc8erond.
Beet lienotelallavcrcamp's edition. However, what
jMcnlnis says in the name of the Pharisees, that only
' ^ Tfif ir 1 Is ofVood men go out of one hody into another,
aUhmmh all soulsl.e inmiorlal, and still Uiesoulsoftho
•. badareliaWe to eternal punishment! as^also what 1 e
■ays afterward, Antiq. h. xviii. ch. i. sc-t. 3, that the
ioul's vicor is iinmorlal; and that undertlic earth they
receive rewards or.punishincnis ncoordiiiR as H'ei' lives
hn»e been virtnmis or virions m the present world, that
to the l.nd is allotted an eternal prison, hu that llic Rood
■ra permitted lo live nEain in this world, are nearly
r!.--n i . i - .- .1- . i i>i. ipin ..i. nf flh r l it anitv. Only Jo s e -
igreea l . l e to the doct f I n., of Ch i ist i an ty. Only Jo s e -
phu»'« rejection of the return of the wkMAinJo other
bodiei, * Into this world, which he graiftS t»^he good,
wilh'the multitude, and ordered them to coacral:
them.elv. s under five habits ol private '.»<». 'llf '
not indeed to use their ,words. but with thcv
staves lo beat those that made the clamor, lleb
then Kave the signal from his trihunal [to do as
be ha.l bidden then..] Now the Jew., ivere .,
sadly beaten, that many of them perished by tic
stripes they received, and many of them perish-
ed .IS trodien to death by themselves; I'V "hicl.
means the multitude were »'«f*y'l"' "','"''.'•■■
lamity of those that were slaii^ and held their
'"'s^In the mean time Agriiipa, the son of that
Aristobulus who had becnwlain by his father He-
rod, came to Tiberias to accuse Herod the tc-
Inoks somewhat like a cantradif tlon to St. Pniil's ae-
XmofThe doctrine of the Jews, that tArj. ';«'""/«*
„llou,ed Ihat thtre should bo a resurroclirn o) '*•''««.
lotA of the iusl and iiniusf, Arts.ch. xxiv. I.'i. ^ ct w
crfsle^Josep^lms-s arcou'i.l is that "j "'« '•^.^'^.^'•f'V J
PI Paul's that of the .lews in Rcaeral. and ol hiii.si ll.ind
contradiction is not v<-ry reri"'"- .,_ „. . ,, „.,,„„,»
t We hikve here in that tireek MP. wh cli w "s na«»
Alexander I'ctavins-s, but is now in the library of l-er
den'two most remarkable ..ddilioiis to tj;""-"™;" '»;
S, tbousl. deeifted worth little remark by H'c e.hi^.
ZiMx upon the mention ofTil^riiis'S comi.^ o e e™
pire. inserts first 'lieft<"?>'V'*i''^''''?5iTrt'CCi
rernihi: Jcsus Christ, as it stands per*a(im in «"« <» "
oi'iic"; h. "Hi. rh. iii. sort. 3, with som^arts of that
2x7enent disf0.ir8n or bomily of Joseph.^.conre^.lln5
ll,S annexed to the work. Hnt wlml is here pr nf-
.yneJ"st nientioaed Christ,;- 0»rf'«c«Wv»«''^^^^
i^^^g.an,proldMhma;herc.ppny^^
the sacre.l money dedicated to Ciod in i ''«"•;■••'":'' \. ,a.
temple, llluslralcs our Saviour', words Matkvii. Il.iA
">^i
.?
iilnr of thi! iifO-
wiuiitry. Til
litimilt nmnng
lidgii! tlint wir*
nijrht nf IliPin,
p Iroililtn iiiiilir
Milt nny *'>y\ i>f
p. >;»}, lii«iilr»
iniiii llirnm Ivtt
unurrii, ami db-
m oiil of JiriUa-
nnriint Inns in-
liul of lln ir re-
i|ion ihf Briiuiiil,
lh»t,i)i»»tori> for
t upon h\» triliu-
iitl ciiIIihI to hiiu
;i«e thciii nii mi-
tin; siililif" that
t om'o cmoniiraw
> tM Uiiml iif si)l-
\ii ju tliicc laiikl.
iMiiitcriiiillon lit
lino «iiJ to tliciii.
nc'is, iihUmi tlwy
■<i, iiiiil iriivu iiili-
leimalii'il i-iV'iri!"-- ^
»t out )tiK"»'> f» 'j
(■r, nnil <X|inHfU
it, that tUev »i re '
II timt thiir livw ,
■('ii|ioii I'iliite \vii«
i(;ioim.»'li)i'T»tiluirt
114 «Iioul4 be \tre-
er rfiiliirlnntt'.l'y
nt wliirU is ralltci .
iriliy he broiifjlit
hiiiiilriil fiirli)iii;«.
jniitiuu; ami wlirn
, thty came aliiiiit
mor lit it. Now,
nil of tliUilistiirli-
iersl ill their iinii«r
III tVii'iii til corneal:
if private i»<ii. a<^'
lis, birt with tht'tf
e' the clauior, Hei^
tribunal [to ilo a'
the Jvvt* were s)
ipiii ptriihiil by the
ny of them perish-
m^el»«»; by which
stotoylled at the ca-
iii'n^ and held their
\y\t», the son of that
in by his father lie-
case Herod the te-
rtian to St. Pniil's ««•
turrectii-aoftlinltail,
i,ch.xxlv. 15. Yet lie-
itofthclMmrisccs.aiia
Brar,aiwIorhhiisilf,tli»
t MP. wWpIi waa nn«»
nrintlic liliraryof !<«?•
ioiis to tlie rominon c*-'
c remark hy the eih"fi
riiis'S coniiiis to tlie ein-
iniohy"'"''"*"!"''"?'"'''!' '
Ik rerbatim in the A""-
irith »oraj>aihrt» of lliat
nf Josephm ronf owiinj
Hnt what i" licfe prinf-
1 this homily. JO!<o|>liii».
tOodllic fr<>nl,aii<llll'
/>» tht Futher. Jj-e. aililn,
tpokeu about *"» """■•
Illation as here applle'l to
!o(linlli*trcaiiiryoflli»
'■ words Mark vii. 11, ii
boAk II.— chap. X.
450
Inrch; who not Bdiiiilting rtf hit acrmalion, he
ttayeil (t Rome, and cultivated a fricmliihip nilh
olheri pf the ilirn of note, but principally with
Caiut the son of (i^ernianicai, who waa then but
■ private peraon. Now thi« A^rippa, at a certain
time, franled Caiui, and at he waa %ery coniplai-
•ant to film on levcral other arcniinlii, he at lenu;th
itrctcticd out hia handa. ami openly wiiheii that
Tiberiui Hiif^hl die, and that he nii|i;ntnuicklv tee
him emperor of the world. Thin wa» told to Tilie-
riiiiby oucof Agrippa'adonuntirajwholhercjiipon
wan very aiigfy ami ordered Aprippa tolii'lWiiiml,
and had him very ill treated in \!ie prison fur nix
iiioiirbii, until Tilieriui died, after'he had rei(;iH(l
tH/entV-two yearn aix nionllu and three <laji(.
6. But" when (.'aiuii wan uiade C'n'nar, he releaa-
«d Atfrippa from hit bonds, and made hiiii kinp
of i'hilip 1 teti-arrhy, who wa» now dead : bul
when A}{riiipa had arrived at that depree of ilip;-
nitv, he inriaiiied the amliiliciin lieKiren of llcnid
the tetrarch.Who wan cliielU' indnredto hope for
the royal authority by hin'wife Iterodia*, who
.reproached him for hin oloth.aiid told him that it
waa only becauae he would not nail to C:e«ar, that
he was ileilitule of that ({rent di;?nity; for ninre
CiFsar had made Af;rippa a kinp, from a private
person, iivuch mure woUhl he ailvniice him from
ai tetrarchy to that dijruity. Thenc arguments
prevailed witlj Herod, no that he came to Caiu«,
by whom he tvas punished for hia aiiibilioii, by
being banished into Spain; for Acrippa foHowe<l
him, in ordcT to accune him; to wlioiii also Caiiis
gave his lelrnrdiy, by way of additioi. So lle-
,ro)l died in Spain, wbithcr his wife hatqiulluwcd
him.
CHAP, X.
, om^ands that hi^Sktlue should bi let up
'.e l^tmpU itielf; and what Fetronius did
eupmi, ' t
Now Caius Cicanr (Vid so grossly abuse the
fortune he had III rived at, as to take himself to
be n pod. and to '■ 're to be so calletVafso.andtn
cut oil' those of I... cjreatest nobility out of liis
country. -He also i Mended his impiety ii> far as
the Jews. Aecordipgly, he sent I'etroniu'i with
an anny to Jerusalem, to plarehis statues In the
temple,* and cqniuinnded him, that in case the
Jews would noi admit of tbeni, he should slay
those that opposed it, and carry all the ri-.-t of the
nation into captivity ; but tioif I'oncerned himself
with these his.comninuds. However, Pelronius
marched out of Antioch into Juden, with three
legions, iind innny Syrian auxiliaries. Now^'iis
to the' Jews, some of thcH> could hot believe the
Stories t*ial spoke <if a war, but those tH«t did
believe them were in tlie utiiio't dislre«s how to
defend themselves, and the terror clilVused itself
presently through them all; for the army was
already conie to Ptolemais.
2. This Ptolcmais isa inaiitlme cilyof (".alllee;
built ii> the great plain. It is encompassed with
mountains; that on the east side, sixty furlongs
off, belongs to (Jalllee; hut that on the south be
longs to Camiel, which is distant from it a hun-
dred and twenty furlongs; and thiit on the north
is the. highest of them all, and is called liy the
people of the country, the Ladder of the Ty riaus,.
■ which is at the distance of a hundred furloii<;s.
The very small river Beliist runs by it, at the
distance of two furlongs; near which there is
Memnon's moniiment,t and hath nekr it n place
no larger than a hundred cubits, which deserves
admimtion; for the place is rouni), qnd hollow,
and affords such sand as glass is niatTeiof ; which
place, vyhen it "hath bten emptied by the jnany
(hips there loaded, it is filled again by tlie winds,
which bring into it, at it were on piirpoti, thai
sand wliicli lay riiiiofe, ami was no more lliao
hare comiiioii sand, while this mine pres. hlly
turns it into a gliMKV. sand. And wiiat Is t>i me
still more womlerfi'il, that glassy sand nhirli is
•uperiluoiis^aiid is once reiiioveil out «if the place,
becomes iiare coniiiioii sand agiiiii. And this. is
the naliin' of the (ilace we are speaking of.
3. lint now (he Jews got lometlier In great
nuniliers with their wives and clyldreii iulo that
plain that was liy I'loleluiHs. and made snpjilica-
tion to I'etroniii'i, first for their laws, aiul, in the
next place, lor llieiiiselves. So lie was pn'vaile<l
upon by the tiiiilMliide of the siip|dicaiits. and by
their supptlciillon.<, ami left his niiiiy and ihc
statues at I'loleinais, unit ihen went rorniird iiily
(■alilee, and called lo^^etUer tliii. iiiiillilinle. ami
iill the men of nolci |o 'I'iherias, and showed
fhcVii thejiowerof tlie Itomans, niid the tlirealen-
ings of ('a'sar: mid, lie^iiles tin!", jiroved that
their petition ^viis. iiiirciisiiiiatile; hecaiise while
all the nations In siibjecilon to tliein liail pliiced
the images of Clesiir in their several rilles,
among the rest of their gods, for thi m alone to
oppose It, wasnlitirist like the behaviorjif revolt-
ers, and was injurious to Ciesar. ■ ^ ,
4. And when they insisted on llieir law. and
the ciAtoni of their country, and limv it was not
only not permitted them to make eitlier an image
of (iod,or indeed of a man. and to {ml It in any
ilespiciiblenartof their country, ^imli liss in the
temple itself; I'elronius replle^,-"- An I am imt I
also," said he, "bound to ^r^'^^jf^r bi"' <^d' my
own lord? Kor jf' I transgress it.litid spare vom,
it is but just that I perish; while he tlial sent ine,
and not 1, will coinmeiK'e a War against you; for
1 am miller conimoiid as well as yoii.' Ilere-
U|ion the whole iiinllitiide cried oiii, that " they
wiTe ready to suffer for their law." I'llioniiiS
then (piifted them, and said to them, " Will you
then make war (igainst f*;esar7" The Ji w»j|al»j,
M.We offer sacrlfici-s twice every day for (';rs;ir,
and for the Roman p<ople; bi^t that if he nuiild
place the images among them, he iiiust first sacri-
fice the whole Jewish nation; iiiid that they were
ready to expose themselves, together wilh their
children and wives, to be slain." At this I'etrb-
nius was astonished, and pitied them on account
of the inexpressible sense of religion the men
were under, and that courage of liielrs which
made them realty to die lor it; so tliey were dis-
luissfd Hithoiil'jpiccftss.
5. Hut oiVthWollowiug days he got tojethtr
the Inert of pl1(wert|irivalely,'and llie iiitillltude
puldicly, and somelimes hf used persiiasiiias to
them, ami sometiiiies.JiP g'ave them his tulvice;'
but he chiefly iiiiide use of thi-cateniuif to them,
and insisted uiion the poner of the Koiiians, and
the anger of Caius; anil bisidi s, upon the neces-
sity he was himself iiiidi r/lo do as he was * n-
joined.l •Itut as they coiilil be no way prevailed
iipo^, !UhI he saw that the country was in danger
of Ij-irtjf without tiih'sre; for it was alioiit seed-
tliiie that t4ie niultiluiie cmitiniied for fifty days
together idle; so he at lust aiit tlieiii logillier,
and tolil tlieiii, that " It was best for hiiii lo run
some haiard himself; fnr either, by the divine
assistance, I shall prevail wllli ('a-sar, and slull
myself escape llie danger as \vell as yoi|. which
will be a iiiatler of joy to u> liolh; or. In case
Cies;)r continue in his riiire, f will he reaily lo
Vljiose my own life for sinh a great iniiiilier aj
YOU are." Whereupon he dlsminsed ilie niulti-
tude, wlin prayed greatly for his pnispi rili ; and
betook the anny on' of l'toleniais,iiirdri turned to
Aiitioch; from whence he pnsi nily sent an epis-
tle to C-cwir, and informed hiiii of the irnipiioo
* Tacitus owns that Caius roininniiileil the Jews to
place liiseffieics in their temple,tlioiii!li he may he mista-
ken when he adds, that the Jews tliereiipoii tnok arms.
t Tills a rp oi i nl of the pinro near the i ii oiiili of the r i v er
liry, partlchlarly la Taritiis and- Ptralio, ahil inort
larii^lv in I'iiny. "
jThiaMemnon liad several inoiuinients. iini) one of
tli e m app i wr s i hnt li liy S l raho ami ll ii iilnin n , lo l i uvo
tn en i app i wr s t n i m i , oy . ^ * rin ' o imii im .i ii i iiii h , m ini
betn In 9yria, and notiniprohahlyin this very plare
1 I liiwa i I uiiiii u i t i l l . |iiii i I. 1 11.111 I i n. i i iiHiti i 1,1 1,1 ,, 1 1 .1,1
Rtlus in rhffcniria, whence ranie that saiiil nut of whir ti
tlic ancients oiadc tlicir glass, is u thing known in bis-
-;f t
m
I
460
he h«d made into JuHei. »n(l of the .unplij»tion<
of the imlion; »nd that unles. he h.d « niiii.l to
loie both the lountry ami the men ill it, U" muit
neriilit them to keep their law, and iiiu»t cuuii-
iermand hi. former injunction. <-»'>'» •''"'V*''
lUateui.llein a violent way and «hr««'«"*^ •"
have Vetroniu. put to death for hi, being to
tardy in the exception of what he h». connuand-
eil . But it happened that thoM who brought
.... -..:..i.. LL,> <n..eil hv a .toriii. Biid were
WARS OF THE JEWa
4. In the moanlime, on« of the »oldi«r» \m
lonL'iiir to tiie nenate drew hm nword, and cried
outV'-O my fellow-ioldier., what ii. the meaning
of tbln choici! of our., to kdl our brethren, ami lo
uie violence to our kindred that are with (.Inn-
Jiu.1 Whih wo may ba*e him tor our emperor
whom no one can blame, and who hath »o many
iu.t rea.on»rto lay claim to the governiiwnl ;^
and thi. with" regard to tho.« apin.t whom w«
■ '1-°" When he had .Bid thia, he
eil. But it happened that those who unmgoi """•"■":" g if, .. When
rail..'. epi.tle Zrr to..«d by a •'""':v';|'''„r;" ^rCTttth tl.e wl^de .enate, and Carrie,!
deliiined on the .e. forthree month., while oil er. " "f^'^*^^^^,', '".l;^ „„|, him. Upon which all
that brought the new. o. C.u. tjle'lh Ji'd » J^'^ «,';^^ 'J^l^ere Inniediately at ^great fright
da), before he received that which wa. agBin,t
hini.elf.
CHAP. XI.
Conccrmagthe (iovtrnmtnt of Claudius and ffc*
Krt;rn ofJlgrifpa. Conctrntng tkt lUalhi
of AKTtvpa andif Htrod, and what chldrtn
they holK left behind thim.
X
U. Now when Caiu. had reigned threat year.
and eight month., and had been .lain by trea-
.herv.Claudiu. wa. hurried away by the amiie.
that were at Rome to take the governmenj upon
him. but the .enate, upon the reference of the
. on.ul., Sentiu. Saturninii., and Pomponiu. Se-
. unilu., cave order, to the three regiment, of .ol-
.liei. that itayed with them to keep the city quiet,
and went up into the canitfll in great number.,
and rcolved to 6ppoM Claudiu. by force, on ac
count of the barbaro* treatment they had met
with from Caiu.; and they determined cither to
8.ttlc the nation under aq ari.tocracy. a. they
Imd of old been governed, or at least to choo.e
by vote .uch a one for emperor a. might be wor-
'*'i°Now it happened that at thi. time Agrippa
.oiourned at itJme, and that both the senate
called him to copialt with them, and at the .ame
time Claudiu. ient for him out of the camp, that
he raiKht hn wrviccable to him, a. he .houlU
have occasion for hi. service. So he. perceiving
that Claudius was in effect made Ctesar already,
went to him, who »ent him a. an ambas.ador to
the senate, to let them know what hi. intention,
were: Thai "in the first place, it was without
his seeking, that he wa. turned away by the
«,ldiers; moreover, that he thought it wa. not
iust to desert those soldiers in .ucli therr lea for
iim, and that if he should do K), hi. own fortune
would be in uncertainty; for that " »-?» ^.n-
gerous case to have been onQe called to the
femoire. He added farther, that he would ad-
minister the government a. a good prince, and
not like a tyrant; for that he would V.e.at.sfied
with the honor of being called emperor, but
would, in every one of hi. »^t'«|<».. P"™" «^7"
all to Eive him their advice; for t\M although he
"" ,>" 6 , ^ , ....„f„, „,n,Ur!.«inn,vel would
at being iiiu. uesencu. i.u» .— ■, J., "
■ .appeared no other way whither they could turn
tfiem.elve. for deliverance, they made ha.te the
.ame way with the soldier, and went to Clau-
ilius. Bit tho.e that had the greatest luck in
flattering the good fortune of Craudiu. betiiiie.
met them befSre the wall, with their i.ake.1
sword., and there wa. reason to fear _ that those
that came first might have been in '1«"6". '«.■
fore Claudiu. could know what vio ence the .o|.
diers were going to offer them, had not Agrippa
ran before, and told him what • dangerous thing
they were goinjg abput, and thkt unlet, he r«-
.trained the viofence of these men, who were la
.trained me vioiein.« "■ '•"" •■•-■-.' ^t. -.„.,i,i
Mi of madness agiiinst the patricians, he would
lose those on whose account it was most de-
sirable to rule, and would be eniperor over »
''T'VVhen Claudius heard thi., he re.trained
the violence of the soldiery, «•"» ™«"*j'„"'«
•enate into the camp, »nd>ea ed . hem «fter .n
obliRing manner, and went out "''h them pre-
Tui% to offer their thank-offering. toOod,^ich
were proper upon his first commg to «he empire.
Moreover, he Wowed on Agr|pP«h't whole
paternal kingdom immediately, and added to it.
Wide, thos! countries that had been given by
Augustus to Heroil. Trnchon ti. and Auranit..,
and still besides Sie.e, that kingdom which WM
called JA« kingdom of LysaniOM. Thi. gift he de-
clared to the people by a decree, but ordered the
magistrate, to hive tlie donMion. '"K™**'' ^,''
labTesof brass, and to be set up ii. the capitol.
He bestowed on his brother Herod. «h»was al.0
hiH son-in-law. by marrying [hi. daughter] ber-
nice, the kingdom of Chalcu. .
•6. So now riche. flowetl in to Agrippa by hit
enjoyment of so largeN dominion, ""r lid he
ab^u.i the money he had on small «'.'«"«7- h 1
he bcean to encompass Jerusalem with suCli a
wall, whiah; had it been brought, to perfection,
had Ide it impracticable fl? tfie ftoman,
"akc it by siege< but his death, which happened
« cisarL, before he had raised the jallso
their due height, prevented him. He had then
reiga»d thre^c year,.: as he had governed hi.
tJ^chie. 'three other years. He left behind
. - .1 .1 ^1.««.u Knan in nil
KSSfSsS^^S £ESE^ii:;iKS^=
had not ueen oy naiurcioi .uvv........".., j—
tlie death of Caiu. afford him a sufficient dcmoii-
• ttration how .obcrly he ought to act in that
' 3 Thi. message wa, delivered by Agrippa; to
which the senate replied. That "since they had
an army, and the wisest consuls on their side.
they would not endure a voluntary slavery.
When Claudius heard what answer the senSte
had made, he sent Agrippa to them aeain. with
the following message, tUt" he couia not bear
th« thought? of betraying them that had given
their oaths to be true to him ! and that he «aw he
must fight, though unwillingly, aeainst such a.
he had no mind to fight; that however, [if it
most come to thnt.] it wa. proper to chooie a
place without the city for the war; becau.e it
wa. not agreeable to piety to pollute the temple,
of their mvii city with the blood of their own
urn three uauenmnsi uom w ■.■•» -j -j^r- ■
Sernice. Marilmne. and Drusilla. and a son born
of the same mother, whose name «" Af PP.
t wa. left a very young child, 'o.'^' Claud «
made the country a Roman ?'»»'»=«• »"'',;:"
Cuspiu. Kadu. to be it. procurator, '""J ,3. X
Tibiriu. Alexander, who, making no alterat on.
of the ancient law., kept the nation 'n tra«3uiH-
Now after this, Herod the king of Cha us^died
and left behind him two sons.Wrt to hiw ol h^
brother', daughter Bcrnice; their nam"? were.
Ber„lcia/.«, Ind Hyrcanus. [HeaUo left behind
himi Aristobulus, whom heTiad by hi. fDrner
wifei Mariamne. There wa. be.idc. another
brother of hi. that died a private person; h"
Slme wa. alfo ./lruro6«I«. wV left behind bin.
« daughter, whose name was Jotapt: and »»«»«•
!. I have formerly .aid, were the^ children of
Aristobulus the »P>">f H«™d. '''j'«'V*rtaH
■ - lexander were horn tP Herod, by Man
countrymen, and'ih.s only on oaa» on of tlie.i im- ""f'""™';;^ ^Q^ by hhn But a. fo'r Ale^t
prudent conduct." And when Agrippa had heard """«;.» "^.^.^'Xev Veigtied in Armenia,
thi. message, he delivered it to the .enators I ander s posterity, tney reigneu «
the loldicrt li«
iw'iril, •n<l crird
it U the Hi«uiiiii|;
r brcthrvn, eml to
It are with OIhii-
for our niiin'ror
ho hmh an iii«n*
he governiiieni ;]
■CBintt Mrhom w«
had laid thia, he
nate, and carried
Upon which >)l
)r at ■ great friKhl
lill, becauae thfrt
ir they could lura
ey made haair the ■
lid wi'iit to Cl»u-
B Ereatcat luck in
Claudiua bctiniei,
with their iiaiffil
to fear that those
Ben in danger, be-
lt violence the lol-
II, had notARtippa
■ dangeroui thing
thiit unleM he re-
men, who were ia
atriciana, he would
t it waa moat de-
le eniperor over a
thia, he reilrained
, and received the
lated them after an
ut with them pre-
rings to God, Vinich
ning to the empire.
Agrippa hit whole
Iv. ana added to it,
)iad been given by
nitia and Auranitia,
kingdom which wm
M. This gift he d«-
;ree. but ordered the
iMion engraved on
t up ill the Capitol.
Herod, who was alto
[hi» dnughter] Ber-
in to Agrippa by hit
>minion, nor did he ,
n small matters, but
usalem with audi a
ougkli to perfection,
I (ot ifte Romans to
ath, which hap()ened
raised the walls to
him. He had then
c had governed hia
»rs. Me left behind
o hira by Cypros, BW.
usilla, and a son born
• name was Agripi>a:
bild, so that Claudius
in province, and sent
curator, and after hini
naking no alterations
E nation in tranquility,
king of Chalcisdieil.
ns, Dorrt to hiiu of his
:e; their names were
f . [He also left behind
be had by his former
was beisidcs another
a private person; hn
I, who left behind him
msJolapt: and these,
were the children of
rod, which Aristobulua
n to Herod, by Marl-
lim. But as for AleX'
gned in AnpeDia.
IIODK II.-CHAP. Xll.
461
cii,\p. xn.
them < .line li> ('um;uiii<, iirt I be»iHi;>Ht biiii, that
I bef.ir<- 111 ■ <nl b«'"'i*" ii""r'dd"'. Ill HDuld lonie
Munu Tumulll iiniltr Ciimnniit, which utrrr rnm- j^,u i,M,. , imd liriii;,' til.' iiulliiir* ul llii« mur-
eJnl b>i OmJralm. ftlti »'» froatrnlnr of i ,(,,, ,„'j,Mni,liiiH nt, f.ir IhiiH tlilr.' «:'• ii.» <'ther
ludtn ileriym iiti'leuneiJJriim (hiiUia la „^,y ,„ „, ,1,,. ow Ililiiik "nwr.iu «iliiiMit
,'a\tMtr kliigJom. .oiniincl" 'd .«.. Il„iv. vci.CuHiiUi'i- l"""'l"'""'
Jl Now n.t.r the'd.Mth nl- n.r.Kl.kl.il!; of jh.ir..,,.i.lM-..M.,„. t,. th. ..ill. r ud.i.r. lie JVM
I-'w'"^'\!'hi,:':t^i:'t'r:c;:n..,!r':7 : i ""r'nut^u. -. ..i- ,..r f .r.; u. ...n* .»
took uimi hiin 'I" •«' 1 V,,,"2l ll/!r.i,i'l..tol,h.t J. ru-i.t it put ill. in i.le into
,.„,' the T,>,.l.l.-. Hiul Ih.- J.«.- rum .».,..■ „m ' Krii.nd, ... .......I.i.l ll..m. ''■;'''•;''.,;';
^ri:r'z^ :;(;;:lr;;^";.;,:i:^":;;i'v;;; ; «::; t- ::i!'';>,.;;:i- ,:;;r;r':.l:\::.. ;'m
?jkU,n. lu. .11.1 m. .• a .■l..n...r I.. (:u,.iu,..i^ i lai.i.' 1.) llie .i.al»I..nr.' i.f tlr...r t .;Vt «vr,-p..iled
. te woUh 1 "i ;..".d;ii: r; »liil. .1.. r,..!,. < he M,.. .......1 „p,.n n ,n ... ■""'•l"'.'^, ' --- ^^j^
Vnart ,?f til. voutli i.n-l Mi.h in ». .<■ ....luiulh fidli.w.lM. ..t.lr, ..mi ^l. >v i....r.- ..I tl.. i ... MM
-" ^'^ -- " <i z";h::':z ^^i 7Z • ?::!,:;'t,rr.';'..:;;e'=;;.:'::::ir::;::tl;i t:.;;;:
J .^l... mil < l^ll.e t., 11,1.% thry r.iii int.. thi: nl). i »V:»"»^ J.^ru«ulem; to l.nvr i-,..i.pa«ion in^an
i itt icvi . lencc w bw .ic . .Ikv .M-mv.l.,1 to K^t th.ir «..ui.try an.l iM.ipl... Ui.ir .h. blr.n and
o" ««r. K^Ht, t 1 t"..y tr,.,l ip...i .•...!. otlur. I Uuir wiv,. ari.l n,,t bro.K th., utiiio.t duiiKers o
S «™ one a ...Ih.^r, t.ll ..'.. tl,uu.,.i,l of d..a.ru..,i..n upon lb. m. m oid.r <^;-';:?;.' ^S^'
t m were kille.l, insuiuurb f.mt ibi* (•■..••J I,.- a.lv. , upon ..,..• Calilcan ..nly. l !..• J. w. om-
tiiim were """-"•'"'■"■ ,,, ,1,,. «li,ilc iiu- nlud w lb t use p.T«iiniii..u» of th. irs, iili.l dia-
:";;\^d «:;:": fiuniK i:r ^.i . ' •• ^'-^^^ "■• '-^'"'■' •-"'. """ , "'^^ ""i ,- •^"'^
tion, uBa.»v.rj lumii) ......I i i.umb.r who brtuok theiinelv.s to roblimK. in
"T-A..W there foUo.ve.l i.ft.r ibi^ ""olli^r •"- ' bop.", of i„.i...«.ty, and rnpinoaan.l i";'"';;?'"""
iM.litvwl.ch »n,...|r...ualui..ulliiiu.l.l.yn.l.-iOl til.- b.Ul.-r »..rt happe.i.d over tin whole
bcH f„rat 1." .ull.r ro:..l ,.f II. tl.l.or..,i. ...i.v Oountry; an.t the m.;;. ul pow.'r nil."..!? th« Sa-
St. liitn » aerva, I ,. (■a-ai, var,,..l *,.,...■ far. , n.aril,.,.. c« to lyr.. t., U..i..ii. ...» Q. ..d-
u ture wbicli [be ic.W.or. 1. 1 up,.... and a.i,cd; r.tas.f the pre» d.nt ul Syria, a.,.l .I.Mre, Imt
Tt ,. leiV/l or", ' tilluge,. a...lt.. l.nus tl.eii- I puu(,li..h ti.e K-.at ii.en a ho of ti.e Jew. and
Id.Xlantstrbr Willi...* lavi.iR it l". tb..r I Joni.thaa a.,n ol Ai.anu*. the b.ijh pr..,t, came
h iL . 3 n,u'-i>ui'M.."l after the i Hiill.er. an.l .aid. that tbf. Si.i..ariti.ii* were the
te. allil cl;:il.tl,r-. 'Zw 1.."!: it wa. b..Ki.,ners of tlu. d„t„rl.ance. ..".«c;;..a.a o, that
■C')
that a certain aolJi. r. findiiii? the jacreil book of
the. law, lore it to pieCi s. and tbr.:W it int.j the
tire.* Hereupon the J.-ws were in f;"'"' '"li"""
(ler, a. if tl.eir whole ...uiitry were iil a llame,
anil as-einblcd tlieiiHpU.s ao iiiauy of tlivui bv
their zeal for their r. lisii.u, ns by an eiiifin.', and
ran toijether with uiiileil clamor to C:i'8ttrea, to
Cuniaiius, and made supplii ali..n to tiini, that b.'
would not overlook tliis man, wl.o had oiKied
tnfh an alTroiit to Cod, and to lii. law, but pu-
nish him. for what he had done. Ai:(oiilin);ly,
he, perceivine that the multitude would not be
quiet unless they iiad a comfortable answer I roiii
him, gave i.nler that the soldi, r sbmlbl !).■
0.'};i.iiiers <ji in.; u.»ii.ri»......e, "i. "^. ..««* ... ...»•
nii.riler tbey l.iul comniltl.'d, ami that Cumanui
hail Kiven 'oceasiou to what bud lil.pjieiied, by ;
hi. unwiUingneaa to punish the original ailtbora .
of that inuriier. , . *
Ci. I5ul Quadralus put both pirlics ofl for Ihirf'
lime, siiid told them, that wb. u he .boiibl Comfe
to those pla.eH, be would make a diligent Inquiry
after every t)rCuiii..tanie. After «l.li-li bi' went
to Ciesarea, and cr.icilicil all those whi.ii. Cunia-
niis bail taken alivis liii.l when fruiii thence he
.was come to th.- city I.yilda, lie heard the affair
i)f tlie Samaritans, and 'neht for eishti.n of tha
Jews whom he had l.arned lo^ have been conr
cerned in that f.(;lit, anil In li.a.bd theiii; but he
lim. gave i.rder that the soldi, r shi.UW !..■ cerned in iiai us... a.n. .......,......=
bro. 4rnnd .IrawrttbrouKh those that required .ent two others ol those that w,.,e j,l the great-
toXve lim punished to execution; which 'being | est power among ti.e.i., ami boll. Jonatb.in and
^,m the lew" went their ways. Ananias, the high priest., as also Ananus the son
3 A VrtbisXreh Planed a fiRlit be.we.-n of tl.i* AnaiiiaJ. a'.id certain other, t Imt wero
the G.^^ ileans and the ilamaritana; it happened e.nine.it among t ..• Jew.s. to <„a.,ar; «. i.. did m
at n vinagecalle<IGeman. which i. aitnale'^ln the ' like manner by the most i lustrious of the Sania- .
ereat Snof Samaria, where, a, a great num- : ritans. He af.o ordered tl.a Cumanus [the pro-
ler of 'iews were poins up to Jerusalem to the ! curator] am Celer the tribune ^liouh'' sail to ,
fraat. [of tabernacles.! a certain Galilean . was Rbmc, ^'order to give »» account of w at had
lin- and besides a vast number of people ran been done to Cicsar. Wiien he had In, shed
toictber out of Galilee, in order to 6glit with these matters, h.Aventun,from Lydda to J erusa- ^
the Samaritans; but the principal men among : lein, an.l findins the multitude celebrating the.r |||
• Relah.1 notes here,' that the Talmud, in recounlinij t Thl* ITmmWiua, or ''"'"I'''"-";, V' "» ''"';1'"' f?"'
ten sad ,icoi.lcnis for whirl, the Je>vs ougl. t to rend hhn..»^,»"'"';';^r!':j'.'.:"j 'fra^'lfel'L!!." i^r^l!:!
^t _i .. i^ — ........nu il.ld r.vp film '. IVIiwii lliMU iiii'ir
1he»W(amicnH, reckons ilita for one, '
that the law. of God ishuilll."
60
' When tli e y hua r I n si i I p tio n. si i U i . rn s ervi'rt, a s SpaW l. nlm here Inf o r nn
us, wliJcU calls hiin l/mm"'"!* ^«fl''r«"'»>
«> p 2- . / ■ ■ ■ ' ...
7:
■ /-
■■/::
I
h....
402
WARH OF THE JF.WS.
r
„„i of uiil«.»-M.I hrrnJ without .ry tujimlt.
tae r«tgni«'l tu Aiitioth. ii..,.„l^h»t
"imrr . .uuy of th. rt..! ,u.r, .too.lby Cuniam...
.. . _ f„l inrn an.'.'i'K ""•'" I '"'f, V;::m,Viv".-."i."u.;>ii|t tlir in.illll.i.l.'. «"<l '"»
.l.o»W I..' p"* t'"''*'''^ he b.n."t... 11.. .,.»....-.
■ml ifjit (-'elirhoanil to J.ruMl*!"."; - • - v .,,,
"« o the J.«. to be ,orn.e.,t.a; th.t h. .houUl
b« .lr..wn roumi th. city, .n.l thrn »>'''« "L
8 Aft.r thlf tViartent Kelin,* the broth.r ol
F.li..to ..,.rocur.torof (jHlll.c.-n.l S»;H»r-».
•nU l'.r.i.,«i.<l r....ovc.l A,Kr.,.im fro... Chjl ■•
unto Vir^itir kiiiBilo...; for b« Ravr lu.n tlifl t.-
"nmh/ h h h..! b.lingc..l.to 1' 't !P. "'l-^.*'.
h« tt.hi*a to it fh..ki..ic.i.m.,.f '•)'»■","'■ «"'V,^'
nroYlnc. [AbiLniel which Varu« hBtl K"»"»'< j
Q Ctomliu. hi'....»lf. when he '•"''"''"''"'i'V:*
th"Btfernn.ent thirteen Ve-ir. «^'K»*'.7»«'" "f
ce^iW empire, whom he hH.I ..-lopted by
hi. wife AKrippiim'. .lelu.ioni. in order to be hi.
.iccelr?alt1LRh he h..l .. •<>•■ »f "' ,n-;
whose niMiie w«. HtitannicuH, by Me»«nlini. hi.
i^r^uJr wife. on.l » ^'•««'''.'^ :''r,r";,e h."
Octnvi. whom he had married >o ^eW; he htt.l
"uHJioth?- lughter by Pelfna. who.e .„.n,e
wai Antoni*. ' *
CHAV. XlU<
ll„. robiM fi he rutt.ed to be .•r..fifi»d. and uf
4m. bruuRhl l.i p«ni.h..ient.th.y wer-i a multUud.
not to b>: «n.i.iieriit<'il. , .
•J. When the .;o.,ntry w«. P«r|t.'l "' *\'''
there .|.n...K up "'""I'" ""< ."' "j'''";* '" ■'^".'■
,„le..., Uho we're .all'd S.. »rH, who •!'« >...«..,
hed.^yti.f.e.,.nd in the mi.l?t of th« city ; th„
^y dil ch.;ily at th., fr.t.val.. «hen they .......
.Vero add* four Cititt to Jt/ltrirpa » Ktnudom;
hut thToLr l'arl.ofJud,a mre "»''"•,[;'''•
carii. tht Magicians, and an Kim-I'un Mm
TrofM. The Jtyi,, and Syrians Uve a Con-
tut at Caiarea. . • . m
5 J Now at to the many thing, in which Nero
■cl«d like « n..ulm.n. out of the o»travng«nt de-
gree of the felicity «nd riche, wh.rh !>« - nmy., .
Snd by that mean, used hi, good fortune to the ■
iurv of other, i a..d «ft.,r wliat ...ahner he .1. w hi.
brother, .nd ^ife, and mother, from whom h.,
barbari y .proad it.elf to other, that went n.o.t
neurly relu?ed to hi.n; and how. at la.t. he wn.
.o dj.trnrtcd that he became an actor in the
»cene..and upon the theatre. I omit t^. «..y,8ny
, ore about ^them. b*ca,i.e there lire wnterj
•hough uiH.n those .vbjecl. every "lb"" »'.'
.hall turn myself to tho.e action, of hi. t.n.e in
which the Jew. were concerned. ^ , „ r
2. Nero, therefore, be.towed theTtinplom of
the Le..er Ar...e.r.« upon Ari.tob.ib.,,t HeTod .
on.and he added to Asrippa'. kingdom lour
citie.. with the toparchie. to then. l'.'lo"g'"g^ '
mean Abila, and that Julia, which i. in Perea.
T«^he« alio, and Tiberia. of Galilee; but pver
the re.t of Judea he made Felix Pfof"™*"^:
ITii, Felix took Klcaiar the arch rq(.ber. and
-many that were with him. al.ve. when ihey had
ravaged the country for twenty ye^ar, together,
"nd fent them to Rimie; but a, to the number of
• take the character of thi. Felix, (who i. well known
h«e hi ivinn A drici" " Felix exerci«d,",«y.Tacltu..
"?rHE'??h'^'sfert'X"tf«^^^^^
"t:iu?'?b*,S«h? he mii't .^ft*rt.e guil.y «f .>• kind.
Ihry .t«bl."i tho.e that were the.r eneu.l*.! "ml
when any f..ll down <!.... I, th.- ...ur.lerer, l.ec.n..
r part .?f tho,e ihut h,..l in.lig.."tl»n ..giun.t th.-,.,
l.y' which m«,.n. they »,,,..ar..l l'« "»"' "'^' ■ '
reputation that they .o,.!.! bv no ""•"^"' ",
Co»ere,l. The f.r.1 nmn who w,.. .h.i " by Jh .
„a. Jonathun the hi«H prie.l. »»'' ,«-'"'': ';:'^
,„a..y were .lain every day. wh.le the fear im^a
were in of being .» .erv. d w,.« n.ore nfllifOaR
rr,;.; ih.. c«l»n,ify it.el.; ami whil.. eveij, b;" ,
expected .leath-every hour. ... me" ' <> «. , «
„,;«were obliged to hmk b. f..re then . B O.
take notice of th. .r . ne....e. at u K""' "V*";
nor, if their fri.n.l. were '•'''"'"«.'"?''*=••''
they tru,l the,.. «..y longer; but. "' «h. '^^^^^^^
their .u.,,i.tiuu« a,..l ^uurd,.,g "' '''^"' V"'.
thev weri .lain. Su.l. w«« the .elerily of tli
plotter, ..^nin-t th. .... u..d .o c.i.ning «a. their
Co..tril»MC<-. 1 .-. „f -.inli.Ml
.1. Th. r.^ Wi., aUo another body of w'^kul
m. .. K"t(en tog.ther. i.of «o ii..n.ire in then ii. •
'^;:.N;ut .„or'ewi.ked i-v •-•»'-•■;""•" '"""•t:
lai.1 w».le the happy .tale of th., <='£^ "'''"»
li;.,n did the,e mur.i.rer.. I.e.e were »ucb
„.;.,,., deceive.l ami .leluded the P-'P''' ''»••;
prete,.ce of .Irvine in.piral.o.l. but were for p o-
curiiie innovation. b.kI change, of the govern
m. t? ami lh..e prevailed will, the multitude to
^.t i e ...ad.ncn.'and went be.ore the.n ...to tl.-
wihlerne... a. preten.liug that t".od wou .1 t^.en
,l,ow the... the .ignal, ot '''>"0:- »•'«'' ,
thought thi, proce3ure wa. (u he the heg m i^i:
of a revolt; .» he ,ent .ome horsemen and f.H.l-
me.., both .;rmed,>vho destroyed a great «u...ber
"^•^But there wa, an '^OT''"?" •^'j* ^^t^:
that .lid tl... J.W, .nore n.i.. h.el thaiUhe for, ler
fl he wa, a cheat, a..d prete... le.l tq be a p o,,M
. . . . .1.. . ihirii. .Iiniiaaiid men in.i
for le wa, a cneai, a.... pir.i... --. ••, -- - i . ,
ul.o U...1 L'ot togeth. r thirty thousand men th.
wr;<leluh..lby%im; these he l..t roMud about
rr.,mthe wi|.le/ne„ to the "/"""t which wa, c 1^
e,l th.' Mount of Olive., .md wa. ready to b e.k
into Jerusalem by force from that place; and il
he coiM but once conquer the Ron»an garn.o.
mul the people, ho intended to domineer ovy
?hl by'^^he' assLtanceof those |j«ar.l, ol h,.
l..twereto break into the .ntv with hm.^ J«
lelix ureverited hi. att.mpt. and met hiiu wi"
h s Ron an .oldier., while ill H-.P-pl* »-'''^f
... in hi, attack upon then., insomuch th»t
with a few otheS; while the Br*"*"' P"^^.^^
those that were with h.m were ei her <'" [">™
or take.} aHv». but the rest of the multituu.
what Taritn. here ?«y«*%»'«r.:: wTl.U,V,"^onwo
fro.nBomc,whcrehcl.vert; sincew I h^^^^^^^^^^^
Roman procuralor.,tl,eo,« over .uhlcelbem^^^
Samaria, at ll.e iwn.e time, i» "'' "" " ',^" wry tiaio
where ; aiwl .nee JoMpl.u,, who lived at "'»'•''',,
^msB
but contradicted ''y,J.<^P,"l'*i.". ""'' Pol, l^ly Fel>«
who coinoare. their htotprl*. together. I o"""'' ^ ,
*. gm h"^ been a miLordlnale J«<>f,,,»7af,.i',*;
«,me time before under Cum.nn.: }XTuomi^
earneat a procurator »*.» •"ViS'BS'Lloy. .qa""
opri
11.1. account; httlwilhadoulilhilUuMi*;"^^^^
If wemaylielieve tacitu.. Fear..AnnBi.iau...i.i' f
8, Mar.hair» Tabic., at A. R 49-
\i. t. Herod, king of Chalcli.
B(M)K ll.-CHAP. XVI.
MS
riiririfil. cnil uf
icm, nixl whom
cr'! n niulttluili
irurd (if •h«'".
'uliliirn In Jtru-
v\\tt (Irw IIK n ill
if therltjr: llii»
vthfu lh«y mm-
IlillllU', Hixl <'"»•
cut*, with wliirti
'ir «il<'Uii<'*i "lol
iir«l«'rt!r« \)«»ni«
inn HKitiniit tht-iii
|,it noiii "f •" I'
1(1 iiiritiia !«• di'-
lit tliiiii li> (III i'>
lUr wlii)«« ilmlli
iIk t\\r huf "••'O
i« inorc nffllftms
wliiti' every liwly
mil ilo ill wiir, »u
urt: thcni. Bli'l t'>
I II j{r«'«l<li«l""<'*.
iig lo th«iiii, iliifl
It, ill thi- iiii'l't 1''
H of llleln»llvr^,
lie celi'rily "f tin-
ciiiiniiiK win tlinf
boily of wiolicil
iniire in theii- lie-
I'r iiiicntlon". wli«
f tl«! city no Im»
Tin»<' were such
till' ppopU' Mii'l' r
, liut were fvr pro-
,,., of the poverii-
[li the iHultrtuilc to
ilore them into tho
t t'ldcl would tlmn
lierty. H"' *''"
he the beKinniii',;
liiiriieiiien and fmit-
ved a great number
tinii fain* 'propliet.
icf than the foruitr;
uled tq be a pi-oplitt
thouiiand men that
he lid round iiliout
ount which '»»» '""'
wa» ready lo break
II that place; ami if
tlie Roman KarrmoB
1 to domineer iivtr
hoHC jniaril!! ol his
citv with him. Hut
, And met him with
I the people assisted
leni, insomuch that
li'.gyptian ran away,
he greatest part ol
ere either destroyed
It of the multitude
I rouiilrlcs very reniolc
ice wliatlie says »l'«'"
.rCulilcc.tUc other oyei
littioul all example el*
o lived at that very tunc
ni mitlilim of lliis l"""f-
lailiofCunianus.liiiiifli
inK better llinn a niisiaKe
BCCiua not only oiiiiUe'ij
; OS anyone ""'V""';
otellier. Possibly fe^x
nn,;W ihatlicwMin
aria, licfore, I do not "^
w*r< diipersid every on* to their owh hontes. and
(here caii>:rnl«l tlirinsrlMis.
i.Jtm when these were(|Uleted, it h»p|>ened.
ear*. Annul.
49.
at it ihies in a di««se.l body, that another part
was subject lo an inllammatKm 1 f.ie a company
,,f decetvV»and robbers got t,.K»llier. and |MPr.
.iiaded the Jew. to revolt, ami exhorted them to
ii.ierl theii>'lib.rtv, iiilllctiiiK death on those that
.,.ntiuued in olicdienie to the Roman govern-
nt, and .ayiiiK. ll»'« »uch as wiKiiinly Chose
ijavery, ounhl to be f.i|iced from such their >ie-
■ired inclinations; forthe^f parted Iheiiiselves into
dilletent bodies, and lay in wilit up and down the
.ountry, and plundered the houses ot the Rreiit
men, and slew the uien th.;iiiselves, and ««»"'•
TillaKes on lire; and this till all Judea Was hlleil
with the elTecls of their inadiiuss. And thus the
tiaiiiii was every day more and more blown up,
idl it came to a direct war. ,
7. There was also another disturbance at t^a>-
«m a; those Jews who were niiied with lh« Hj'-
rmns that lived there, niisinn « tumult kgainsl
llirni. The Jews pretended that Ihc cilJT was
thiirji, and said, that he who built it wbj » Jew,
imaninK kinn Herod. .The Syri»i|s .■oiif.sse.l
also that its builder was a Jew, but they stdl saiii,
liiiwever, that the city was a (irecian city; bur
that he who set up statues and teuiples m it ciiuld
nut de.iifn it for the Jews. On which account
both parties had a contest with one another; and
this contest increased so much, that it came at
last to arms, ami the bolder sort of them marcli-
ed out to tiKht; for the el.lers of the Je»_s were
not able to put a stop to their own peo,pl« Inat
' were disposed to be tumultuous, and the t. reeks
thouKht it a shame lor them to be overcoiiM'_ by
the J.WS. Now these Jews exceeded the others
in richel* and strength of body; but thu (■recian
part had the advanlane of assistance from the
soldiery; lor the greatest part ol (ho Koniaii
*rrison was raUed out of Syria, and being thus
relatiil to the Syrian part, they Were ready to
^assist it. However, the governors of the city
were concerned lo keep nil quiet, and whenever
Ihev caught those that were most for fighimg on
either siile, they punished theiu with stripes and
bonds. Yet did not the sutlVrings of those that
wei^! caught all'right the rimainder, or make
Ibcrti desist; but they were still "'ore and more
exasperated, and deeper engaged in the sedition.
And as Kelix cnmo once inio the market place,
and commanded the Jews, when they had beuteii
the Syrians, to go their ways, and Ihrealeneil
them if they would not ; and at they woulil not
obey him, he sent hissoldiersoutupon them, and
slew a great many of them, upon which it fell out
that what they had was plundered. Ajid as the
sedition «till continued, lie chose out the most
eminent men on both sidei at ainliassadors lo
iNero, to argue about their several privileges.
CHAR XIV. ^
Ftslua succttd$ Felix, who is tucceeJedbyJlWi-
nuj, at he i$ by Florus; teho, by th,c Jiartiartly
nf hit aovtrhnunt, forctt tht Jews tnlo the
"inr. „ 111. 1-
} 1 Now it wa* that I estus succeeded l elix,
as procurator, and made it his business to cor-
rect those that made disturbances in the country.
.«o he caught the greiitest part of the robbers,
and destroyed a great many of them. Uut theu
Albimis, who succeeded Kestus, did not execute
his office us the other had done ; nor was there
any sort of wickedness that coultl be named, but
• Not loh« after thto heiiiinlng of Flotm,the wickeij.
Ml of all tlie Roman procuraiora of Judea, and the im-
mediate occasion of the Jewish war, at the tweinh year
of Nero, and tlie seventeenth of Aurippa, or A. 1>. Wi,
the history In the twenty books of Joseplius « Antiqui-
tlwe i iih ; alt l . i ou i ih Wph i i s did nnl flnl s h them buoK»
he had a hand in it. Arrofdinglr, he did not
only, ill his pulidcal capacity, steal and plunder
every one's substance, nor di<J h« only burdeh
tha whole iialion with tBXi!S,bulhe permitted lh«
rtlations of such a* were In prison lor robbery^
and had hern laid there, either by the senule of
every city, or by the (iifmir prmurutors, lo re-
deeiii iIm-ui for money i and nobmly re led in
th* prisons, as a male'lai'tor, but he who gave him
nothing. At this time it was, thai the enierprisM
Of the seditious at Jerusalem were very formida-
b!a: the priiii.'i|ial men aiiiun|; them purchasinf
leave of Albums lo go on wilh their seditiout
practices; while that part of the people whii de.^
lighted in disturbance, joined th«mse|ves ti> such,
as had fellowship with Alluniis: ami every one of
those wicked wielchi'iwiiseiicomiiassed Willi his
n«*n band of robbers, while himself, like an'tirch
mbber, or a lyranl.iiiHile a figure aiming his com-
pany, and abused his aulhorily over those aboiil
L:... In ..»,h.r *rt (,l,inili-r ihiMi. that lived (luietlv*
liin, in orctlr to plMuder those that lived (iMielly.
The effect of which was this, that those who lost
their g»od* were forced to hold their peace.
when iney had reason to shoi« great iudigintion \_
at what they had Suffered; but those who had
escatied, were forced to liiiller him that deserved
to be punished, out of the h.u they were in of
suffering «<|ually with ttui olhi rs. lipou tlio
whole, nobody durst sneak their Is, for ty-
ranny was generally tileraleil; and at ibis time
were those seeits sown which brought the city to
destruction. , , ., .
2. And though such was the character of Allii-
nus, ytt did (iessius Florus," who succeeded to
him, demonstrate him to have been a most e.%-
cellent person, upon the comiiarison; lor the
former did the greatest part of liis rogueries m
private, and with a sort of dissimulation; but
(iessius did his Mujust actions to the harm of the
nation after a poii'ipoiis manner: and as thoiiKli
he had been sent as art execulioner lo punish
coudemned malefactors, he oiiiiticd Ilo sort ol
rapine or of vexation; where the ease was really
pitiable, he was most barbarous, ami ill thing' ol
the greatest turpitude he was most impudent.
Nor could any one outdo him in disguising iho
triith, nor could any One contrive more >ulitl»' o
ways of deceit than he did. lie indeed ibiiuglit
it but apetly offence lo gel money out ol single
persons, SO he spoiled whole cities, and ruined
entire bodies of men nt once, and didalmost
pnblicly proclaim it all the country over; that
tliey had liberty given Ihem to turn robbers, upoil
this condition, that he might go shares with lliein
in the spoils they got. Accordiiigly. this hu
greediness of gain was the occasinn that entire
toparchies were brought lo d< dilution: and a
gr.Bl many of the people left their own country,
and fled into foreign. provinces.
3. And truly, while Ceslius Callus was presi-
dent of the province of Syria, nobody durst do
so much as send un embassage to him against
Klorus; but when he was' come to Jerusalem,
upon the approach of tlic feast of unUmvenid
bread, the people came about him not fewer in
number than three millions if these besought liini
to commiserate the eulaniities of their nation,
and cried out upon Klorus as the bane of their ^
country. But as he was present, and stood by
Ceslius. he laughed at their words. However,
Cestius. when he had <|uieted the multitude, and
had assured them that he would take care that
Klorus should hereafter treat them in a more
gentle manner, returned to Antioch: Klorus also
dead, which happened in the third year of Trajan, or
A D 100, as I have several tlme« ohaerved before.
tHero we may note, that 3jllOI»,(l()0 of lh« Jewa wer» ;
preaent at the paswiver. A . D. «5, which connrina what •
Joaephui eliewherc informs n« of, that at a passover a
mile llller. tliev roulilod '■'.''''•■''''*' I'""''''' j»"'|"'*.!'^'
at Iwelvc to rucli liiinn. wiiiiii is no iiiiinaderale ra .
lation, come lo 3,ll7f,lK)0. *'ec li vi. cli; ix. aeet. 3.
•aulin. pa;*
n, liu i i"u.; i i jy i .^ 1 .—
till the fi'iinf imiuiiiaii. or A. 1). 'JH. twcniysevcn
»e,ir» .ifter« uril n-. hv did liol (inis'i their Ap|ieiidis,
iontalmnganactounlof his own life, till AgrlppawaB
4&t
WARHOH'HK JKW.S.
;i^-
I. / -.<•..»«» .ml .l.l»il"l iiri...ii, nn.! ii.r...r.l lliiiul..r<:arr)inKlh«bo.,ln
,,„.., „f ,l,.,«.nK 1.1. u^r ..I "',-'*•"""•"'"';; ,„, .;„Kh H-y •.-k Hm II. r ..t. ,11, ,.l ...,1
I-urri.|( I. «..r .i|mii ll..n.. hy wM.li ■'""'" "'""* I T " .."("m. ih- if l.....i<M., I"il ' I""" "'""
;:;;;:;;;:;;:i:'h!:':h!:.nri'J;^.ilru.i..-...i .- ,.. .„.„r ... ...k.. .....
wr. [•►i„r.' (?,,.»i; Imt 11.1.01 lif f...il<l proriiw
II..'... t.. ...»k., I. r«v;,ll. h« 1I.O..M .l.»"t Jll'"
l«».i.K U««r cr....... t.)lii« <l.i.i(S'. '•) "I'"""
whi.l, wu. ... h nr.„i.r; he il..rrl,.ry .1..
*Y,.r) .l..ywiiK.iif i.l ll" <f I i.l«i..itir», 111 «""f '<»
iiiitiiV. 111.... I'" itrcli.lli"... ,
4. Noiv 1.1 ll.i» III."' it Iiu|i|irrt.<l,l1.»t III.' «"-'^-
ril.... »l (.';..«.» I.n.l b.< I. I.'ir.l l..r U'"- J.'"'.
ni..l I.n.l i.l.lHlM.rl "I ^<'ro (1).^ K<i<. .L...'"" '•'•"•
rilv m.J h«.l l.nMi^l.l t(..^i,..l....<l il't'' "''»'•*'"";
yrnr of ill* r. inn "I iV.rc ni.'l H"' «. v.'..l.'i-litl>
w»i l.y I.O ....'i.n. |iri.|K.rUninil.lr In tl.o".-, h«»vy
c»l..i..lli.« wti.cl. It broiiKlit .M'"» "'• ,'•'"■ *'"'
j.w« ll.i.l^Uvdl nt <;»-i.ur.» I..i.l1> «.v..i.K"KMe
„..rr.... (ll..!.; li.e Jr«» h».l ...■l...vu...l llr.
.......lU to l.i.vr |.i.ni...«c,l ll.r (............."• If"
,,1, ,u...! I ..M.n.l ...»..y l,l...H .Is v.,l,i..l.r
\uumx-. i;,.tMHll.« <..v...r ..V. |I^...U.I ll...r..-
IVr.. ... iImI !.•■ ri....- '••'"' l"iil'l"'t!' "I"'" "'
,,l.i, , ill «..> ..f Hlli'oi.l I" til. 1.1. «..'! i.i"'"' »<>i-l>-
„■■ -la,,., oi il.. I.., ..ii'i u It ii»". ""'I » .'■"■i'>«;i'»»-
i„ L'.. ..lonK to II.. ir .yrtttKo;;." • \^ '" r;"!",' ' , .
,vnr..i..r ,...rt of ihv J.«^l. v....th «',"« '^ ^ '"
tl... w,.rl.m.n, iiii'l f"rl>'«l'' ll""' I" I'"''"' ""«•
but n. H».ii« wuiitil Ii.>t 1" rn.lt ll.f... t.. ...<' I"'"'.
,h. Kr.-..t;...M. ..f II..- jAs«itli J"l'n_ll..- 1...I-
u. II ti.if..i» o.ii "f 111' •'.'•••<••' •"•"•""■' »"•' r'«
l..|.il..l tl.Ml *Ui«iT nnnlol H..i'>' M ••"» '►"
iH'opl. iv.ri' III .•iiiifli.liiii liiii.i.'.lii>l. ly. "1." '•"
|„irHli.r In tl.r I. ...plr, with (.r.-iliKiui." .•I..i..i.r.
«„»! cIIimI iipnii I '.-...I- UV 111.11..', .....I t>"".miil
liiili to lr<.' III."., li'i". in.' Ijrniiiiy .•• Horn.
Soil..' ..|.l) I.I tl.r •.■■l.t....... r.iil "111 "jH'" H""."
mill <:i..l till' ((rf»l« .1 rfpro... !.*« iiimx. ""'i. »i"l
mrri..! « Im.krt ulmiil .iml b. ItK"' •"","■ "I""'
i.f iiion.y l..r liln.. ... for o.ir ihiil «•.... <l.. Hint.
1 1,1 iio«»...h.ii., .mil III " in..<Ti>l>l.' I "...l.t.nD
V, I >vii9 not lir iimil.' .i.l.nni.Ml h.ri'bf .«t lo" l"»r
iir...oiii'V,b.it wu» ilior.' .iimK.'il, »iiil (irovolii-'
lovrtiiill iiiiir.'; iiii'l iii.l.ii.t "I "oiiiliiK lo I f
•una. nil lif <iu«lit tu I."*' 'I"""- "'"' 'l'" i" I"".!
till' lliuii.1 of wyr *»cl' »"<» bcKiiiiiiiiK fl"""
mill KOlakiiiK awnU tl.n»i'»»H>» "I ''"* 'O-liM'i-
n..o.«, oil wliiiii »i ro.iirt It wttn that li.' In.il " ■
,'UV.'.) II r.'«i.r.l [of ..Kill tiil«'»t''.! !'<•, >»''f^."'-
Iiu.l.ly Hill. ...I i..niv o. I.or.i'.ii.ii Hi.il IooIuhi.
.iUHlii.t J. .iLiiUn., tl.i.l I..' luicl.t |!"i'> '"' ",'
l.v II..' "iii.t of ll'«' Ho. .">"•. I'"'' ""I'''' "> '"
l."rror,ft.iil bj lii- threiitniiiiKi., briiiijtli': i") n'l'
aubiii'l.o... • ^1
7, Hut III.' proiili' wi-rr (liM.iroii* ol i.i.ki.i'.
H()r.n H.littiiiril ol ln«.iitt«'iiiiil», 1111.1 iiift I..' .")
<li.r» .villi i.i'.liiiiiaijuii", Hiiil pill tli.n... >i< Ml
orilAr to r.;i^<'iv.' Iiiiii very »iiliu.i«"ivi ly- Hm '«
».'»il Ciipilo, .n-.iitiirio.i. b.jfuW.aixl."!"' •"'"
«olilifr., to hill thrui |{o b..c)t, uml not now i.i..l.f
a «liow of r.x-.'iviiiK liini in an obliKiiii; iiu...i.rr
.. _ I. . _i -. ,•...(!.. ,.„.,..,a,<l>i.,l lifforc ; |iiH'
jh.' Kr..,.t 111... ...; ii..;j- s -2 :^:;'- ,^- ,n : ;h:^
l""»- '•'■',"?.,"V "";.. T' ..'.".* ...bnt.. «.i.l. th..t It «•"• inriin.b.'nt ..n tl.
p.''rM;a.le(l ?lor..., ivill. tl..- ollfj- "t "'M '»''»•'*•
I l.i.,.l. r 11.^^ work. II.' tl.i>'. l-''->B "". "'"J"!
noll.inL' but R. Ilii.K monty, pioni... .1 b.^ wo .1.1
do forS "all lir.:yd...ml onnni. -inH I..M
went Kway Iron. <.;.'..ire.. to S.ba, r, ..)i. h ft II t
re.lit.on ti ti.k.^ iu full ••oiir*.-. «« H he lia.l Mil'l
a liC'nse to tl..' J. "» l<j f.Khl .1 out.
5 Now on III., n. xt day. »l.l<-li ««• tl..- "venth
day of the «v<. k, wlien ill.' Je»>« .V.'re . ro.v.hng
.area, of » ..'.lit.ou* ten.|«r, Rot i... .-^r. I. .i vt_H-
,«l, aiul «.:t it witli tlii' l.otloin npwiii-i ..t tli.'
TliiH tbinK pr..v.Aril tl.- J.;w« to ...1 ...r..ri.l.io
de"m-, b^■.'lu..- ll..ir la«» w.r.- »llro..t..l. ..n-l
lb.? place was volbil,-.!. Who.'rupon tl.t' «.!.. r
on.! liioiUrut* part ..f ibe Jew, tl.«..;;bl it pr-.J" r
lobav.- r.rourM, t',-lb.'ir Ki.virnofs ..;;ai.i: ivl.il.
tb<' H.<lilio..» pa.t, ami .iicbii. w. ic in llit- I. ?-
vor of tb.ir lonlh. wer.. v,be.ii. .1 ly Millaiii. '1
to ficlil. Tbe ».-.lili«ii8 nUo nn\a»>e tb« [(...-iitil.'S
on Gn'»ar.a »too,l ri'..,ly for llu- .aine piiri.o!..-;
(for tb.0 li»'l l-y agrn'im lit. "lit Ibi "'»» <"»»-
crific brfore1.Hn.l, ni rra.ly to ,..pp».t hlii.O ^"
thai it ».«..> «ai..« to blows. Ilcnu|..>n Jacu,«l.i».
the uiu«lt-rof the borse, who wan oi<lt'red to pre-
la then ver«l......l .ndeavor.'.l to put a tlop to
the crdition; b.n wb.ii h« wa» ov.rconir by the
•»,!l'ncc of tb,- p.opt., of (>»nr.'a the J.«»
COUR t up tluir bI.ok!, of the law. an.f rel.recl to
1sa?l,ata°whi.h wa, a.plado to tbem ^^^"f£'
distiiut from Ca'»..r.-a n.xly fiirloi.(,'«. But John,
and twelve of lb.- principal men with li.m. wen
to Horui, to Sebiste. and niiiiie a lanieulab le
complaint of tb.ir ca.e. and be^oupht h.m to
he I, bim; and with all po,Ml.l« decency put
hb in mind of the eight faUut, the, had given
b «i. but h« hn.l till! men «eued i.pon.and p ut m
wiiii, that It wn« i..r..n.bent on tbiiii, in ca.i- llii'i
liail K.ii.-foin »o.il», an.t were fr..- Hp. ak.^i-. li
jc»t ..pioi hiiii to his Inc. , anil np| r tub.' lov.r
"of III), rtv, not only l.i w.ird-, but with Unir rt. a
lions ii1m>. With tl.i» m.'i.afi.' wb« lb.' n.abi
tndc aniaieil, and .ipoli the . oi..l..|{ ol t..vili>-
hor».i.i.ii into li.e n..d.t of tbeiii. tliey w. re .li-
persvil before they could Kab.te i loru., or iiii.in-
fe»t their «.ilM..i-«ive b. bav.ior to bun. Ac. inl
iasly, tl..') retired totUeir own lio.i.i«, nmt'»|»iii
that niifht in f."' nniWonfuHion of liicl'.
B. iV.w at till, liiiie I' lorn» t..ok up bin i\mt
1 ter« nt the palac; and on the iil-xl .b.v b. .ail
Ills tribunal »i't before .1, and sat upo.. it. """i
the liii;b p"''»'»- "'"' "'" """ "' I'""" "■• """
tho«e cH the greatest eminence in tl..' citv , 1 '.aii
all bel.ii.' that tribunal ; upon wlilCli 1' lor.l« f ..m-
mn...leir tbeui to deliver up to bun tho.e ihi.l.l.ai;
riproaclied hiiii, and loUl th.n. ibatlh.y ^liouli:
tbeiiHelves liarlak.- of the veiiK.'..i»e to Ha^ai
belouifinK. if ll'ev diif uot pro.luce the criiionab.
lUjriiiir, 1. .11.^7 Ml... M"v f ...---
hilt TTieie demonstrated tlmt l!ie n.'opb- vv.
pi-aceably <li«po»e<l, and Ihey beg.^'ed lorijiviii.r-
for those that bail spoken ami.s; for tliul H »»'
no wonder uVall that in so great a miillilu.leti.er'
shoulil be some more daring than ti.ey ou..;lilM
be, and by r.^i»on of their yoi.nj;ev ag< l.i..li».
also; anil that it was impossible 10 .i.^t.niiai.t.
those ll.ut odended from the rest, while evftv
one was sorry for what he ha<l <lone. in.l .bmed
it out of feuf of what would follow ; that he ou(:lil,
however, to provi.le for the peac/ol the nai.on.
and to lake »uch counseU as might iiri-serve in.
city for the Koiiians, and rather lor the sake oi *
great number of innorent people, lo forgive a !.■«
that were guilty, than for the sake of « few ol U^f
wicked, to put BO large and good a body of ...">
into disorder. , , . , ■ r „„ii
9. Ktorus was more provoked at. this, anil can
pjiin
tn«u
im'i but iw nnii nit; ui«'. °^'-'-" -i ■ 1 — 1 — , . „,,..|,,
.1,1, actions-says he. " the k.lb-iB "J « „7 1 1 -wrou" Em-I on tlinl acounl. This tliatcnilne.il penio.. Mr.
£S«!lu/^ale,.er. (Lcviiuh.xlv.) UUal«.knownI . ,^ .,;;.; _ : ! ; ._
BOOK ll.-CUAP. XV.
I'f %«'rv ill, yt't iImI
lull ( liiriH "iliii
I, iinil lili'W up llif
HIP 111 liiki' •rvrii-
trinxirr, lind |ir«-
hriii. \l tllM ihi
iiriljiili ly, mill ran
[ir<HliKi'><>* 'luiii""
liiiii', mill livK'iiKlil
Mrnniiy iil H"rii»
111 mil ii|Min Hirm
lltll IllUlil liiKi. mill
iH'KKnil »iiiii«' "(tilU
• Ihiil wii» <li <liliil>
UK Tiitili' riMiilH'nn
il hiri'lvf III lil« I'i'f
ii|(ihI, mill (miviikii!
(1111 iiiiiilnit III I 'li-
on*, mill ijni I" liinii
• lii'KiimiiiK III' ""
itipii ul' iiiiy ili-iiir'i-
ivUn llint lie li'iil "■■
ilflitH,) lie iiml'i'liiil
miiD'il iiii't I'l'iluiii'
min'i' H""' '"■' "''■■
., iinll iiHulil I'? !"■
;>, liriiii;tli':iitj ml'
(liMiiroii« (if iiiitiiiL
iiil«, mill ntrt III" >")
i| (lilt tliiniHi l>< < III
iiUmiiwivfly- I*"' '"■
(jfu'lS'lllUKl, "ll'l till.'
It, ami not imw iiliI'
an iibliiriiii; iimiiiirr
proiiclicn lirfiiri'; iim'
(III tliriii, in cnii' llii'i ,
t re Irci' i<|i< iiki i". It
1(1 np|iciir tul"' liivir-
., but with tlnir hi a
(•ngi' wi>« III!' iiiiilii
(■ ( (iiiiiii); III t'lipilii •
tlitiii, tln-y «■<■■"• ill''
iliile Horun, or in im-
v.ior 111 liiiii. Arninl-
uwii liiiiiKin, iimVi-j" III
IHidll ol lilCl'.
irnii tiiok up liii ipmr
1 ilii- iiixl (lliy 111 liail
niid Mit upon it. "Ill"
■ iiicu (pl pmvi r, "ini
lourii ill the iilv, i'""
mil wWnh I'liini' rniii- »
I to hiiu Ihoni^lliiil.lia';
tlii'iii llint lliiy flioiili:
c vrn^ciinii! In ill*™ *
produce tli«MTiiiiiiiiil»;
llial llic ncnpli; »'"
icy lltgjjcd fiilfjivnii'-
Buiisn; for lliul it »»•
griiit a luiiltitudctiifn
iiiK lliiiii llicy ounlilti
ir yiiiiiiK<'V »K< '>"''l"
nossiblt: 11) ilislm^'uisli
the rot, while I'Vffv
e iiiid (lour, iiid dniicil
J follow; that lie ou(.'lit,
ic peari/of the niiiion.
» lis might iirntervclht
rather for tne sake (•ft
people, to forifive o liw
the Hake of » few "fllif
nd good a body of m'"
ivoked lit. tliis, anil call-
ed attt aloud to lh» «)lJi»t» to pliinder (h»l whirh
WMCalUd Ihr U|n»r Hii.rk.l|il».. , und I.. .I»y
•uih ■• thr. iiMt with. !*» •h"' •"Idi"^. takmu
ihii nhorunmi of Ih'ir r(imni»ml..r in a •• ni<
•irrralile lo III. ir dr«ir» "f Kum. 'll'l U'lt '«idy
pTundrr llie |iU( » ih.y W»re »nl l«. Iiul fi.rfiiiK
xL Km mil) every hOUM-, ihiy.lcw iln Inhn-
biunlf, •(> the rititeiw lied kIouk «'••• narrow
l.iiei und the •ohliernl** thote that they eauahl,
,11(1 no ineihiid of ulunder »a» oinilleil; they
•Uo rauirhl nmny of the i|uiet people, and britu(|hl
them before f lorm, whom he llr.t ihamiml wilh
»tri|i«<. and lh«n cruril'ied. Actiirdinnlv, Ibe
whole nuiulMir of Ihme that were (le«trojed that
j|««, with Iheir wive« and i hildren, (lor they did
niil »p«ri! even the inlanU iheniM Ive.,) wu« about
Arte Ihomaml and "ii huiiiiitilj And what niiid.t
(hit talaiuity the heavier, wa« tlu> new method of
Roman burbatit) : for ► hirii* venli*wl then to do
what l|o <ill« had done before, -Ihiil i», to have
men of the ecpietlrtanonler whipped* and nailed
to the crou before hi* tribunal; who allhou|(h
th«» w»r« u,- "iirth Jew*, yet w«r« Uwy «f Human
(lignlly iia.iv.liiatanding.
CIIAI^. XV.
Cmceming Rtrnici'i Ptlitim tn Ftorut to spare
■«.*.-
4(16
the Jevvuni-fiilijefl 11)1";
they wiiro iliivi'ii iml of
19 that cininciil person Mr
Mr ,/»i»i,'ii4<»»n»iiii; v «''*" *"*• V'"' "'' "
i<i(i(iui JiVnm* tea* fnrncAcif, U wnf kindltd
again liy f'fiirlit.
1 I. Aiuhjt thi* very liiiic kinc ARripim wa«
lOing to Alexandria, to coiilffatuTato Ale»amler
upon hit having obtained the noverninent of
Kgypt from Nero; but at hit titter llerni'e wai
rume to Jeruialem, and laW the wirked prac-
tice! of the Kdiliert, the wat Mirely afl'eeled at it,
and fre(|i»eiitly tent the iiiatleri ol her hori*. and
her iruardt, to Klorum and begged of him to leavv
off tlleto tliiughten ; but he would not eoniply
with her reijuetl, iKJr have any regard either to
the multitude uf thote already tiain, or to the
nobility of hiT thai interceded, but only to the
advantage he thoiild uiuk* by Ihii plundering!
nay, thit violence uf the loldiert broke out to
•uch a degree of madncii, that it tpent ittelf on
the queen herielf, fir they did not only torment
and dcttroy thote whom they had 'caught under
her very eyei, but indeed bad killed hertelf alto,
unleiiihe hud ureveuted them by Hying to th«
palace, and hail ttayed there all nipht with her
ruardt, which the had about her (or fear of an
iniiilt from the toldieri. Now the dwelt then at
Jeruialeui, in order to perform a vowf which the
had made to (>od ; for it it uiual with thote that
had been either afflicted with a distemper, or
with any other dittreitei, to make vowi; and
for thirty dayt before they are to offer their ta-
crificet, to ahutajn from wine, and to ahuve tkf.
hair of their head. Which thinjca Hernice wat
now iierforming, and itood barafoot before JJlo-
rui't tribunal, and betought hini [to ii|)are the
Jewt.] Yet could the ueitherhave an^' reverence
paid t() her, por could the eicape without lonie
danger of bi-jng "lain hertilf. _
2. Thia happened upon the iixteenthday ol the
• Hero We have examplea of native Jewa who were of
the equetirian order BinanR the Romana,'and fo ought
never lo have licon whipped or cruelAed, accoidlnK to
llie Koniaii luwi. Hce idmott the like caae In St. Paul
himself, Aftimil.'iJ—SI*- . . . .. .
t Thit vow whii-li Bornke (here and eltewhare called
qatxn. not only »a dauiiliter and ililcr lo two kingi,
Af rippa the Oreat and Aurippa Junior, hut the widow of
Herod, kliiROfCliulriii) rnino now toacconiplliih at Jaru-
•alem, waa not that ofa Naxarile, hut lucli a one at re-
llliout JewK uieil to make In li0|iet of any deliverance
from a rtiKnatc, or other danger, ae Jiwephua hero lull-
niutea. However, tticte tliirly dayt' aliode at Jerutalem,
for faiUnii ami preparaiioii anaiiitt the oblalinn of a
proper tar riftre. aeeint to tic loo lung, uiileta 11 were
ntonlh Arlrnimut [Jyar 1 NiSw on the nail day
the iiiullituilr, who were in a grvat •■nftj. I4B
tiigdhtr lolha upper niarkal-pUce, anil made lh«
luudett lanientationi for thote that hail |ieri<h»d(
and the grraiitl |>art ol the met wire tui-h a*
rrllatird on Chirut; at whuh the men ol |iow»r
were affrighted, togi-ther with the high prietii,
and rent their garnunli, ami fell down Ixrl'or*
each of them, and lit aought them lulakva qA. awl
not to ufovoka Klorua lo tome iururable proca-
ilure, iM'tidct what, they had alreail^ tufferait.
Acconllngly, the miilllluile complied luiniedmle-
ly.liutol revrrruce |ii llioie that had deiired It
of Ihvnl, anil out of the ho|i« they had that Klu-
rut would do them no more injuriet.
•i. Mo Klurut wat troubled that the diituib-
ancet wera o«er, and eiuli aviired 10 kindle that
lUine again, anil tent lor the high prietit, with ^
I lie other eminent |Mnion«, and taid, the only
demonttration that Ih* people would not maka
any other iiinuvationt tliuiild lie thit, that they
mutt gu out and meet the toldiert that wer* .
atcamling from t'trtarea, whence two rohorti
were coming) and while thete lUeu wera eihqrt-
ing the luullilude to to do, he tent beforehand,
and gave directiiint tu tile cenluriont of the ro-
hurtt, that tht^y thould give iiotica to thofe that
were under them not to return tha Jewt' taluta-
liont; and that if they made any reply to hiadii-
advantuge, they tliouUI make uie ol thfir wea-
pom. Row the high prietit attenibled tha mul-
titude in thi; ie1iipl<N and deaired them to go and
meet the Kuinani, mnA to aalole the cohort* very
civilly, before iheir uiiaernble caic thould. Ix-coioa
incurable. Now the ledilioua part would not cdib-
ply with thete pertuutiona, but the oontideralio*
ofthoae that had been dettroyad made thcin in- ,
dine to thote that were tha buldeit for action.
4. At thit time it wat that every prieit, ami
every wrvant of <lp<l, brought out the holy vet-
tilt, and the urnaoienlal garmentt wherein they
uied lo minitter in lacred thingi. The harper*
alto, and the tingen uf hymnt, came out witk
their initruinaata of muaic, apd fell du»aJ>«fo^
the multitude, and bcnrcd of theinflHwpajr
would preterva thoio hiily ornamenBHIHpram,
and not provoke the Romant to car^W»lhoa«
■acred Ireatuirei. You might alto tec then th«
high prietU theiuielvei, with duit aprinkled '-
I
WdOliy voiuiiiiiry 111 »iii» ni.T'1' '""J. II It iioi re((uircu
in the law of Muaet relntiiin to Naxaritca, Numb. vl. ahd
holly voiuiitiiry in liiu Rreiii lady.
great iileuty upon thair headt, With butoint de-
prived of any covering, hut what waa rent; theta
beiought every one of the eniinent men by name,
lind the multitude in couiiuon, that thVy would
not for a imall offence betray their country to
thole that wera deairou* to hava it laid wuttaj
aaying, " What benefit will it bring to the tol-
diert to have a aalulaiion from tne Jewt? or
what •mendiuent of your affair* will it bring
you, if you do not now go out to meet themi
and that if they ia|uted them civillv, all htndla
wobtd ba cut.oflf from florut to begin * war;
that they ahcAld thereby gain their conotrv, and
freedom from all farther auffering*; and that,
betidet, it would be a tign of great want of com-
mand of themtelvei, if thcv «hould yield to ■
few >editi(>u* penons, while it wat^ fitter for
already tbefontlnuatlon of the Aniiqultlea to afford ua
lUhl hcr(',B« they have hllherlo done on *o many occa-
•Inn* cl*ewhere. I'erliapn in llilt ago Iha tradiUen* of
the r haritee* had obliged the Jewt lo llii* degree of rigor.
Hot only aa to theae thiriy day*' preparatton, but a* to
theioini barefoot all that lime, which liere Bernlceaub-
mined to al*o. For we know that aa Ood-a and our Ba-
viour'a yoke la uaunllytaay, and hi* burden compara-
tively light, in audi positive Injunction*, Matt. xl. 30.w
did the Serlliea and Hhariaee* aomotlme* it»dup»m m—
k—vw tutin; ami grievoin <» »« »»e««, even WW*
(*«« themttlou inU not loack (**W ayU •*« t/ tkti*
liJ$r$, Matt. Kiiil. 4 ; Luke xl. 46. However, Noldluf
'wall obeerve*, De Herod. No.«H, 4l4,that Ittvanal In hia
ilxthiatlre allude* to Ihi* reidarkalile penance or aub-
' ■ ^' -'-Ul*
mlH l on urui i* Bernire t o J c w l* h dl» c l pllna ,a nd l «a t t up,
on her for It ; aado Tacitut, Dlo, Suetoniu*. and Bailu*
Aueliua, mention bar aa one well known at Rome, Mid
in llie laww tiiu»rB ¥,;,.,,,,,« ,«..««.••. ..w», ..^.u... «..»..-
i* very different from Hi. t'uur* time fur *uch piapara-
liso, which wat but onedayi Act* iil. 36. Bowewant
f:'
4lM
/
WAHH OK TIIF. iF.WH.
I UK UIIC
cruwilii
fh«iii, »»l»o «r»ni M |»«»4 • (WopU. lo '"«• «•>•
u«h«ri to •<;• •oiorly "
ft, lU ihvM |i«r«u*«i<iii«, whirh th»jr »—>' '"
(k* nmlliluiU, iihI lolh* miIiUoui, th«ir r>«tntin-
•iImiii* I7 lhu»lniiii«t, •ml i)th»r« •</ th« r*-
Mr»nc« thill tr" |«i«i.tn«"i Aft»' '•»• '"*)' •*■';
Ihtni out, mill lh»y iiifl Ui" «il<ln-rt (|uii>tl). «»"
•fliT » coili|ii.«»il iitniiiii'r, Kitil wti*" »•>••> «"''■*
cuiHO ii|i wtih lli«m, liny tulHU'l <••»■'>' i '""
whmi llir» iiiiiilo nil iiiiiW". •••• wiliUuu* »t-
rUliiini nKiiHiH H<tu: *lm-h wm ll><< »i«n«l
«W»ii fu» llillim ujMjii Itti III. I hd iM»UII»r» lli< 'f •
7or« riw <iiii|i»"»<l Itmii |irr»»ntly. ijii'l •lru< k
Ihrm wllh lluir . IhIi», an.l M lh«y H.il »»»iiy,lli««
lnir«i iiini lrit»ii|il«-<l lli«iii down. •'» «l>"» • «'»••
ninny f'tl 'l'"«n ''»»■' ''y «'i« •truku ol ih* "''•
iimiit. anil iiior* l>y llioir oi»n »lol»m;« in ifii'lf
iithur. NoiV llii-m w«» • KrriliU
iliiig about Ihr |[«U<, nili>l whil* '*") '""'X
wat iiiiiliinit lia.t* In (••• fiffurf aimthir, «h.'
IIikIiI <iI Hum Nil wai r»laril»il, anil a Irrrilil* «l<-
ttriK'liou llirre w»» ainnnit ItliiW that Ml ilnwn;
for Uiry w»r« lulfiiiatml ami Itrokin ti» |)l»c«i li)
tha inullllud* of iheiw Ihal wira u|i|M!rinot»i nor
cuuM any of Ihcni be ilutin|riil»h«<l \>y hi« r»U-
liona HI oriirr to tha lara of lilt funrrafi tha aol-
<llcr< alto wIki IhuI thani, frll U|i<>n Ihow whom
thay overlook, without »howintt ihain any im r-
cy, anil Ibruit th» iiiultltuiln Ihromch Ihn pliK*
caUrd llr««lbii,» H» liny fort»<l thiir way 111
onirr lo K<'t in ami »«i«i' upon lh» U'iii|)lr. »ml
th«! lower Antonia. Horot iiUo btini^ ilmrout
to K< t Ihow (ilac i« into bt« iioMi»«ii.n, lirooubt
audi na wirr wilh him ont ol lh« kiii^'a |ialuii',
■nil woulil httvx (limp) l|t:tl Ihmi lo n<l "• '"f.""
tha cilmlfl [AnloniajJ but hit alliinpl fnilril, lor
th« proiili! turned buck upon hlni, iinil ttoppK
tliH »ioIrrtre ol liin alteinpl. anil aa thiy "tood
upon lh« toiia of their houaaa, they threw llietr
darla al the Koniana, who, a» thay Were aorely
nllail thereby, lieiraua* Ihoie w«a|ioni ninia
from above, aiid Ihey were not able lo niaka a
piMHKe through the ijiullilude, whirh alop|i«d
up the nurrnw baansKei. they retired to lh« camp
wnkh waa at the piilace. , . , ,
6. Hut for lh« led ilioui, they wera afraid leit
Floriit iliould coma uiain, and (fel poaaeMion of
the lemple, ihrounh Snioniii; »o Ihey Rot imine-
jlately upon lho>« cUii.lert of the ItmpU^ thai
jeintO to Anlonia, and cut Iheni down. Ihia
tooled the avnriee of Klorua, for wherena he wui
eaitei' lo obtain the Irraiuretof (iod [in the leiii-
ple,] and on ihal account wa* de»h-i»n of K^ttinp;
(:ealiii«, ami ariuaad lhi«,.lrwt Aittaly of r»«nh.
In( I from tha |{oman,(n«irmii»nl.l arid impuUil
lh« li«|iiinin| ol |h« fornirr I'lKhl lo Ihrm, <iiiil
pralriiJail ihay hail b»»n iha aiilhor» ol ihu tU»
lurbanre, wher»iii lh»y were only ihe .iill>r>ri
Vat wera not Iha KovV"'"* "'''?"'"''"" "''"'
uiHin Ihia urrjiaion, but did themaiKtiv-ttNiM.
did llarniia al«o, alxiul llie l^|«l
pie.]
into'Anloiiiii, aa noon M the cloiilert wire bro
ken down, be left off hia altempt; h« then ariil
for the high priitta iind the aanhedrim, uiid told
them that h«- win indeed hilimrlf (foing out of the
' city, but that he would leiive tliem »a liir(re u
■" gorrinun na they ahquld dr»ire: l.ireu|)on they
promiied thai Ihiy would make 110 iiinoviiliona,
rncaae he wiiulil ItHVe ibeiii one bund', but nol
(hat wliiih had fou|tht wilh the Jiwa, becauie
the multitude bore ill-will «K«hnl that band, ini.
■ iccouht of wliiil they had nullered ffoin Hi to lit"
changed the blind na Ihey iteolred, and, with the
rial of Ilia forcei, returijiyd to Cieaarea.
CIIAl'. XVI.
Cttliits ienils JVenpnlilanui the Tribune lo tttin
whal CSnJiliimlhe Affairt iif the Jtict were .
Arrippa maket a .Spefcli tu the feoplt of the
Jtvii, that ht Wo^ divert them from their In-
lintiom i/mnkiiig IVar with the Romans.
« 1. HowEVfcR, h'lorus conlrived another way
to oblige the Jcwa lo begin the war. and •enl lo
*l inka tula Beicllia lo l>« tlial ""'V' ''"' "j'^"'"'"'! .'' ?
(.Vaiiua, aa
praetirai of whieh »hir«<had lw»n (uilly "d^Hi'i
tha i-.ltyi who, upon reailinpi both aii:ouiil.,'a«»T'
aulird with hia lapiama [wliiit h« khuifkl ^\,. *
(Now aitmn of Ihem lhoii|(ht II bttl for < Ktiai U
gi> up with hn nriiiy, rilher lo iMinlih the rr».ill ^
if It waa raaj, or to aeltlv iha Koiiian all.iiri mi >
•urer fnundallun, ll ihe Jewa ronHmiid ijiml
under them: but hn llioU|(hl tl betl liiiiuili !<
■and oua of hi« inlimale Irienda beli.riluiii.l, 1 .
are lh« uliile of altiiir<, and lo Kl«« hiiii a fnillilul
arcounl of the inlenlion of Ihi Jaw». Arnif!
iiikIv, he •rill on* of hit Iribuma, whoje'iimm
waa'i\ro|Hdilaniu, who iiiel wiOi kiiiK A|<ii|i|u
aa be waa raturuiuK fnuu Akiaiidriu. al ifitiiidii.
and told him who It waa that. Min' aim hjuIio'
whal rrriiiid he waa lelit.
a. Ami here il waa that Ihe high p(ir.H,»ml
ineu of (Miwer aliionit tha Jewa, aa SftII iia iln
aiinhedrim, eaiiie Ui lonKraluhite tharknm lii|i<«
hit taf« return ; | and iifur they had pafilltijii lliu'
rttpei'la, lb< y Imuinteil their own ciilamllni, tul
reliiird lo hiiii whul Imrbnrout Irtaliiitiit ih"
had met wilh from Horin. Al which linrlniil;
AirlppH had great imlignation, but Iriiii.lirK'l
iiller a aublle miinnrr, liit anger lowiinl* Ihi-i
Jewt whoni he really pilled, thai he miKbl l"»t
down their high Ihoughtt of themaelvea, aiul
would have Ihem believe that lh<iy had not linn
to liiijualiy IrealeH, in order to diaaumlr llitin
front avenging ihemaelvea. So thete gi-eiil mm,
at of belter undertlanding than lh« real, hiiiI iIc-
•irnut of pi ai-e, bicaute of the potaetiioiH ihf ■
had, underttood that Ihii rebuke whirh lUe kmt
gave then) waa inlendctl for their guMil: liiif, ■<
to Ihe people, they cainB ailly I'nrlonR^ ■ m1 uI
Jarutaleni, and congrnlulaled both Agri|ii 1 unil
Neopolilanui; bul the wivea of Ihoia tliul hi'!
been alnin, came ritnning hrtt of all and Ihuirnl
ing. 'i'hc iieoplc alto, when thejr heard tlinr
mourning, full into lanientaliont alto, anil l'»-
tougbt Agrippa to aatiit them: they alirn iTinl
out to Neopolilanut, and compjaincd of tin nuiii
initeriet they hud endured undel»J'lorH«; unit
Ihey thoweil them, when Ihejr were lome ml"
Ihi! cily. how the iiMirket-plai-t! wai niudr ilno
Inte. und Ihe houtrt plundtred. They then |i"
luaded Neopolilanut, by ^ moiun of A)i;ri|il«.
Ibat he would walk routnl »« cily, wilh uidv mn
•ervanl, u« fur as Hilonni, that he might iiiforni
hlihuell, thut the Jewt tubmilled to ull llic '•"
of the RoniiMH, und were only ditoUund al H'l
rut, by reaton of hit e»c< eding bnrbaiily to I"""
So he walked round, and hud tullicient 1 up. runre
of the good temper Ihe people w< i-i^ iii,-uiiil llmi
went up to the trinple. where ho culled the mill'
tituile together, •nd highly cuinmeiidr<l llu:"i '1"
their fiilility lo the KiMiiant, and earnr »ll) n
hurled -them to keep the pence; and haviiiK pff-
formed iiuch parlsof divine worthip at the Itmpli:
aa he wut allowed to do. he returiird lo CesliU".
3. Hut at for the giulliludo of the Jews, thi'V
addreaned theniaclvet lo tha kiug, niiit U> in^
high prietts and detircd they miglit have liavt
lo eend ambaaaudon to Nerp •giiintt Klorua, anil
not by lhcir«il«nco ttllord a tutpirion that llitj
had been the o<x«»ion» of nuch great ulaughKr
aa had been iiiude, und were dinpoted lo riviilt,
alleging that they ihould seem to huve been tbe
Ihe north tlile of Iliclciiiiile. wMnon wn« ilie tiiw|ih«l
with five nortifOM or rioltlert, mill lmi<>«Mi wliifh wa»
thethceiiiiuol of lliilie«d;i, into whirh 111! uimclor iiien-
aencer. at a fcrialn teiinon, dfflrendcii.anil where he or
Ihey who were tlic Jlr«(>u( i»'« '»« /lool, were rured,
John V. 1, Itc. Tlilf illuation of Bczrtha, in Joaephua,
on the north aid* of Ihe temple, and not fur olTtlic lower
Ani o n l a. e i af tly aarTO w to l l io pl ii fu u f l li ca a mff \iV>i»
Ihia dav; only llic reinliininK cioiiitera are i)«l '«'''•
j^w- Mnundrel, iiuRO llMl. The entire liulldliii(» trfiu la
have hern railed the JV«i» Ciil, and tlila part, wli««
wna ilio hoaplial, peculiarly Ucxctlia or Uetheada. bh
eh. xix. aigcl. 4. > .
usi
wl hlwly of r*«nl|.
1111*111, { mill iui|i«i>(i
r ilKhl III lltfin, ami
I iiulh<ir« iif ihiii 4i<
r only iH** •iirtrrvrt
1 1)1 /fruinlt'iii lilt III
tliOIIIHrvtlV'WNIt I .
■o, itlHiut Itir lgf^«l
rl Iwrll (Ulllr IIK4HKI
( l|iith l)riouill<,'«*f
wiilit h« kliiiiflil t|i. '
II l«>l fiir <'(<tHii I)
li> iHintih Oil' rrt'ill ^
m Kuin*n ull'Xri mi >
■)«*• L'lintiniiiil uiiiii
hi U lirti hiiiiaili I'
ru-niU brlurrhuiiil, l<<
In givti htm K ftiiilitul
r lh« JuNrt. Ai I'lir!
riliumt, wh'Ki" unnit
I Willi kiiiK A)<ii|itu
lit imidriu. ut Jimiuii.
hitl. wn' niiii Kjiil III:
ncH)K ii.--c:iiAP. XVI.
487
htllK
nnuiiiiil mm In fi •" lli« »«' '•■•T* "• • I"'!*'. )'•
ilU h« ikV II>iiiIi i< III liir limi l» ••torlixik iIi*mu
•« tttff orntt III It ilupiiiiliiiii lor wiir, llUlWt'
1,11* tall. •! TtBi iiiullilil'lti l.iu.llitT iiuA^Jiru*
iiilliry, mill |4|«i<l III* •lilt'i' llriiiii ■' lulliii Riiuu'
„l ih« Atmiiuiiiiiiia. llml 'hi' iiiiulil l>» u<iil>y
iIkih, (Willi li liimao wn* iiii<r llin K«l|i'r)r, »t
lk> )M»H|if> to lliii ii|i|it r I'll! , whrri' llm liriil||i'
juJMil Ihii l«iii|)li.' Ill III* Kill'')!) >"*'l •|>'<li<i !•'
Iln'iu »« f'llKmi. -^
4. • "llml I ptHrUril that )iiii Ware hII linl-
iiimI* ill<|nM>il In Kii l» wnr Willi lh)> llniiiitiM,
■ml Ih'il •••« liiinr miil liiiiri- «imf ff jinrl nl llH'
ii«ii|lli' tlill,ll>il |llir|Hiati III tllr ill |iriii ii, I |iH<l iml
riiiiiii ifUl lu yiiiii H"r li(»ll mi Imlil »• In K*!"' )<■■>
iiiuii«*ll (it M ilni:iiiil'«»« lliii'l tiiicl III |i< rtiiii'lf
tiicn »!' il'i what llii'j iiiighl III ilo »»•■ iiijit illiiiiii".
whrii I'll' hranirt urf HKfi ril In ili> tlin iiiiiliiir) .
Iliit liriaii** •■'iii« »'*> xiiriiral In ((ii In wiir, lit'
Illiit liriaii** •■'iii« »'*> xiiriiral In ((ii In HHr, lit"
»»uw lli»y iim )iiiiii|t> •«•• Wlllioiil •i»|Mriiiiir III
lh« iiiiwru't II liriii({«; mill Ih'i mitr •iiiin' iin for
It. out III' nil lllirt'unulmlili- rtliriMltlKill nl riiiiiii-
.tuhlK Iht^kinK luiHiii
hry hull imlilliijii llitjt
tir uwii culmiiltitt, lul
•ruui Irialiiii'iit Ihn*
Al whirh linrliiiiii
Dtion, hut Iruiinlirri'il
I miKtr loMriiriU Ihoo
■I, thiit hr mi|;lil l>i»
[• of Ihcniii'lvi'*, mul
hut lh«iy liml Hilt lirin
ilur lu iIIhuhiIi' llitni
Ho thr«« Kfriit iii'h.
than th« n«l, hiuI di-
if |h« potai »iiiM< Ihri
rrbukr which tkr kmt
or thrir cuwil : liiit, •<
iiiity I'llrlonR^ ■ m ul
ilcU iiolh AKriiM" "'■''
ivci of ihoM Unit hvl
hrit iif Jill iinil Ihuifnl
rhcD Ihcjr he»ni tli'ir
niationa ■Uo, and !»-
thrill : th«y alii) iTieil
:iiiii|>|aiiieil of tin niani
reel unil«pJ''loriu.' unit
I Ihty were icmui inln
-plai"<! wai iiiuilf (Ifto
Icred. Th«y llieii p"
the iiirnut of A^njiiii,
1 tnr city, with unh mn
that h« iiiiKht iiifonii
ibniitteil io lilt the riii
only (li«i)li'«inl at Hu-
lling hnrliarity tntlifm
iihI nurticifnl inpiruwe
L'0|il« wcrii i»,-ui"l 111*"
lieic he calleil tin" i"'il'
ly coinuiriuli'il ''":"' '"'
lant, and *«rnf ully n-
pence; and haviiij; pf'-
ic wonhipatihe timple
he returned to CesliU".
ituileof the JewH, tbi:y
1 th« kiuB, »»') '" ''"'
Ihev miiffit have leavt
fero'»g«iii»t Klorus, anil
rd a •uapirion that tlit;
of auch greni ulauKliKT
»cre diapoiied to revolt,
1 seem to hiive been tbe
lie, nnit not fur olTtlic loivn
l io pl a fu u f lli cMniep^)"!''
llm kirev nf •Jnmri an In atinn tin in with IMI'
lirnieiailrl III) ipiltlMi •• nl llmte wlin are IH-
iur/iii,ili«art« III! iii'iiri>ii|« iiertoiia fimii hiHUI-
iii||. Mat'^t'Mt l<ilii' It liir Kraiiliil. thai III*
Uniiiaii iiiMiKlir* «r>' iiiJnriniK ln)iii<, mul ara
ini iiralily •inri , yet ure tlity ilitl nil Iha ^^l^^
iiwn« Willi Ihiii injure yuu; nnr liatli t'liuiri '
M|(iiiiiat wbiiiii )i'lii ail KiiliiK lu iiiaka war, ilt>
jiireil ynii, it in mil liy ilitir rniiiniaiHl tUnfnfif
wiekeil Kiivtriinr It •• nl In ynni Inr ll>e) who
ure III III* wi4t lunnul tee lliixp that tin in thu
rati i nor imliiil Kit rii<y Inr Hit lu lliiril<>«ui
In hrar whiit i< ilnnr In Ihiie paru. Nnw It M
alitnni In w^ie wiir Willi n (fri al nina) fir Iha
aaka III one; In il with 1111 li niiKlily |Hiiplri
Inr a •liinll I'liiitr anil lhl> »h|i| llieie |iriipl*
are nut able In kiinw nf what }iiii l'ii||i|ilaln; IWJT
■iirii iriiiim a« we i iiiiip?aiii nf ♦iitijr'innB ti¥ rar*
rtrlril, Inr the aa [iriiei<raliir will nalennliilu*
Inr war; (nil prntinlilr it (• that llir aiiervai irt
will eiiuiewithinnre iiiniU rule Im Itlialinna. Uul
lU I'lr Hiir, H It lie iHire bi koIi, it u iMil raiily liflll
ikiwii iikKiii, hnr bnriie w illunit ealaniitieai niuing
lliirnWilh. MoViever, ii« In llir ileaire nl reeo-
vermij ynur llbert). It 1< unaraan labje to imliilKn
it an liiU; whirea'a yiiii inifhl In Imve iHbiiriid
I ariiritiv in old time lli*l ynu miKht 111 vrr bavs
l.iat Ui'lnr Ilia lirat eipeneme nt alivi ly wai
hnnl In be rinbiifil, iMiil lh« atri^iib' that )0«
iiiikIiI never bare lieen aiibjri t In it wnoM liiiv*
betii inali but that ilutr who linib been one*
briMiglil into •iilijii thin, *iid lh«n riina awwy, it
raUier% relraetuii alavo than iilnver nf IHierly.
lor it win then the proper lime for doinx 'iH Ihal
was iNTaailde, tliiil you uiikIiI never hiiie uiliiill-
led llie Knmaiia [into ynlir eiti.j when flinipa'y
came llr>t inin tlie rniinlry. lint an it Wiia, that
onr mil e.loiH ami tin ir kiiiga, ttbo werr in iiiijeh
III Itei eMrunialiineeH than we nrt , both ii» to mo-
iie\ mid , niriiiiK^lHidiea, nud | ^it^niit { aoula, dill
nnl be.ir ibe niiiel of n aiiiiill Inuly of the Human
iirni). Ami vet jnni Wlio hate iii'W fceiiatnnirll
yoiir»e|yiii in obeilieiiie Iriiiii iini\)(yirriitiiin to
miotlii r, mill who nre an nun h iiilei iuf-fn tlnilii
who liril Mibiiiitted IH )Oiir 1 iiTiinialnneei., will
veiiliire to ofi|«iae the entire iiiipiie of the fto-
iiiiiiiti while Ihoae Allieniniia.wbn.in niilerln pre-
»i rve Ihe hberly of (Ireece, ilid onie ai t fire to
their own nil) ; wlin puraned X»'a||*n. ihiil lirnid
priiii'e, when he aiiib d niion the Jya, iiml H-.ill.ed
npuii the land, and er,|ild hot be «Ni)ttaini-d by the
•eaa. bi;t romliii ti-il ain'b imiiriiiy Ji« wua too brmid
tor Korope, and nilide him rim away lil>i- a fiiKi-
live ill n •InKic iliip, and brake »« i;rral n |>artol
Aaia nt the leairr Snlaiiiia, are vet nt tbi> time
■erviintt to the Knmnna; and tlioav injuiietlnni
which art' lent from Italy, bei-ome laiia to the
principal (juverninK city oi (ireicc. 'riiiiae La-
cedeinniiiani alaii, wh,i> got the |;re«t vii tiiriea at
Thrriliii[i}l.e and I'latea, iimrii.'id AKcibiiw [foil
their kiu((,] and teari bed every corner of Aaia,
their roniiHiaitlon, and Iheir llii(lil« of oratory, 10 Iki not
the realnprorlieanfllie ix-raonaroiH eriieil. whouiiniilly
I were, no orvlOFa, lull Of Iih own eli-gniil i-oni|«wlliBn :
illiarrircuniatanrraln Joiie|iliii!i,i|einanitTat«l|ow wine llic niieerh lielnre ii« la of anollirr iiulure, fill! nfunile-
tBd how ureal a |«raoii iliia Auriiiiia wna, and why Jo- [ nialilo fai-n, anil roniiaweil In a |ilnln ami Hnnninl, Init
i«pliuaelaewliererallahlin««"»'«Ti»r«tot,o»i<n( iroa- | nioviiiii way; ao that it n|i|ie(irato he klii» Al'lppa •
^<rAi/i>raifatir'i«fi>iaaa,4;niitr. A|r. 1,11. Ilelalhename ■ own »iieerh,»ndlolinvetii-eni(IVen Joneiilinaliy A«rlp-
ApTppa who aald to 81. Paul, jH«t<n« r*i>a ;i«r»uarf«.tl I |iii liliiiai-lf,. Willi wlioni JO>«phaa hail llie ijremeal
•i«/o»«a C»ri«'i<i». Afl»«»vl.aw:andofwhoinHl. Paul I fileniUhlp. Nor may we oiiiU Aatippn'a ronalniil iloc
It, out »i n» uiireiiKoniible eftpeetalioii nl re^iiin*
|tt|| Ihrlr liberty ; and bicnuae nlliera bnp« In net
by II. and lirai tin refora rtrneatly bent, rt|loii U.
thai III the eunfuiinn of }nur atfiiira Uiey may
|ain whiit bebniKa to ihoae llint nre Inn wiiik to
rtaial Ihrnii t have tbuuKht proper to Ke(>on
all tnK«lli*r, iiilil In lajr to )nii wbul I tiimli In
b« for yoar iiiUantnttei Ihal an lite forme/ may
Krow wlarr, «nil rbaiiKe Ihrir niinda, and Ihiil
tlia brtt iiirn may come to no hanii by Ibe ill
rundiii't of •uineolbera. And let not iiny iilie be
taniulluoiia aKninat nie. In enae what lliey hear
lur aay do not piraae tJiriii; Inr aa to llniae who
•dinit of no cure, but are taadwil U|ioi> u ri roll,
It will ilill be in their iiowi r to n lain the aiiMie
Mntinn'Uta after my riliurtiitioii ia over; lull atill
my dinourae will fiill In the ground, even with
relation tiklliote that have u iioiiil In lieiir me.
unltaa yon will all keepaileiice. i am »■ II aware
tlial they make a trli};iial lAcI .ition ciiiicern-
ioK the injurira that have In en nlfi red ynii by
your proeuriitora, and cohcerniiiu; the |;birii>ua
idvanfiicea of liberty ; bnl In lore I lieKin the iii<
quiry. wno arc ymi tliiit H|aal g;o to warf and
whp they are aifainat whniii yoii-f iiiuat lii(bt ! I
ihall lint aclmrnle tboae pretencei Ihal arc by
toiim connected together: for if yon uiiii ut
av(n);iuK youraelve* on Ihone that have done yon
injury, why do yon pretend tliia to be a Wiir for
recoverinE your liberty I but if you
think all
Mrvitude intolerable, to what jiiirpoae aerve your
coniplaintii HKniiut your jl»r|icubir novernora?
ftirif they treated you wild nmilerufioii, it would
•till be equallv an unworthy tbintf to be in airvi-
tude. Conaider now the aeveral ciiaea that may
be tuppoacd, how little ocrnaion there ia for your
going to war. Your |ir»l nccaaion ia the accuaa-
tiaoayou have to make againat your procurqtora:
now here you ought to be lubiniaaive to tlioae in
•uthority, and not give them uny provociition;
•InlhlnpeerhofKinu ABrippawnhavennaiilhoiltlr.
tcruuiit of llie rvirrfl anil Hlreiigtli oriheKiiimin em-
pirewliun the Jewiah war heimi. Ami tliiaa|ieerh wUh
■M,7/« waa 9ipert inalt f A* tutttomii and qut»ti0n$ of
<>• Jnet, ver. 3. Rce unnther Intlniallnn of ihe liinlta
•f Ihe amiia itninan ein|ilre, Of the War, h. iil. eh. v.
•art. 7. Ilul what arenia 19 me very remarkahte here la
thU.lhat when Joarpliua, In Imitation of the (Sreoka and
nK clolalera nre hnl "i'"
'he entire liuiiillniia aeeni Ul
Ci'fy, and tlila part, wtieie
Doxctlm or Uelbeida. BM
.Jfaneel
woo
. fa r w l i ii ae u i iw he w iul e hi a Ant ii tu l tl e a, did
If frei|uenily coinpoio the apeechea which he put
othen' moutiia, ibey appear, by tlie |iolilCD*Ni of
y
■#■■
trine hero, that ihWv'nat lliinianenipirownarnlaed and
aupiiertrd hy divino rroviileiire; and tluit. tlierefnre. It
waa ill vain for ilic Jcwa.or nny uiheri, to thlnkof de-
atmylnn it. Nor may wo neuleil to take nolire of
A(rlp|in'a aolenin appeal Io Hi* aibiela liereuaed ; 111*
l i k e a p p e wla t o wlilf h w e h..» « in HI, T aul . 1 Tb ii. ».> l ,
and hy the aiioaile^, in itceeral, in the form of the ordi-
nation of bliliajM, Conatltui. AjHnt. rill. 4
X
-^■i
4J5
468
WASH OF THE lEWR.
'^^:
•r* conMnUd lo IiImU tb* Mm* lordi. Th«w
Macadoniani alio, fiho ilill fancjr what Rraat mrn
thair Fhllip and AUiamlar ware, ami I'a that
tM laltar had proniJMd thain Iha aiii|urc over
tiM world, thtiae haar io great > chaoB*, and p»j
thair ob«<ii«nc« to Ihon whom fortona hath ad-
vanced in thair tlaad. Moraovar, tan thoatand
otharnatiuni there are, who had graaiar reaaon
tbaa welo claim their entire libartjr, and Jet do
avbmil. You ye the onljr peopla Who" think it a
diegraca to be nrvaota to thpU to whom all Iha
world hath •uboiiltad. Wfat lort of an amijr
tooth br lb* Pjrrenaan mouBlaini, and on ih*
weit br the ocean. Nn#' although Iheia Uault
bava torh olietacia* before them to nrovent any
allark upon Iheni, and have no fewer than Ihrra
hundred and five natione among them; nay, liart,
a* one may lay, the fuuntaiiM ofdomealic h»ppi-
neM within ibemteWaa, and tend out plentifol
•traame of happineaa o»er almoat the whole
world, thai* bear to be tributary lo the Romani.
and derite their proeparouacondlllon from them:
and they undergo Ihii, not became th«y are rf
rfleminala mindi, or becaoi* they are of an igno-
woFld hath •ubtniltad. WHat lort of *o army enemimrta mina., "'"J^"""'^',,;'; "':■"■»;„
dovourelyonl What ara the arme you depend >•• "f^k, a* hamg torna a war of jghly y^^^^
onf Wha'r. 1. your Bael, that may Mi.e upon '"»">" «»I^«'V*^7 i'»";*f'.^j! ^jL"!^!
the Roman •.aa; ami where ar. thoM. trea.urej of the great '««;"' «h«rj»7«<>jhe power of
_w:Ji. _... I,. ...«.u„. r„. .„.., ..n.t.ruklnrt'l the Koniant. and theiMCOod foHune, which ii of
(oa noman ecaeiaDu wuers mm inuio ""-7"^--
wbich may ba iufliaient for your undartakingal
Do you auppou, 1 pray you, that you_ a*tj to
make war with tha ifgyptiaM, and with the Are-
bianat Will you not carefully reflect upon the
Roman cmpirat Will you not eatimate your own
wcaknaul Hath not your army been often
beaten even by your neighboring nalione; whila
tha power of the Rbniani ■• invincible in all
parte of the habitable earth? nav, rather, th<-y
aaak for aomawhatitill beyond that, for all Eu-
{ibratet la aol a iufficient boundarv for them on
th* aait lide, nor the Danube on the north; and
for their aouibern limit, Libya bath been tearch-
ed over by them, at far ai counlriet lininhabit-
•d, ai it Cadii their limit on the wait; na/," in-
d**d, they bav* lought for another habitable
earth, beyond the ocean, and have carried their
•nut at far at tuch Britiih itiandi at were never
known before. What theFcfore do you pretend
tat Ar* you richer than the Oault^ ilronger
than the Germaot, witer than the fireeki, more
■omfrout than all men upon the habitable^earth'?
What confidence it it that clevateayou toopnpte
th* Romanit Pvrhapt it will b* aaid, It u bard
to endure tlaverv. Yet, but how mUCh harder
it thii to the Greekt, who were etteemed the
Doblett of all people under the iiini Thete,
though they inhabit in a laree country, ar* in
■objection to lix bundlet of RoAan rodt.! It it
the tame qate with the Macedonian!, who have
jotter reaton to claim their liberty than you have.
Vhat it tha eat* of five hundred ciliet of Atial
do they not tubmit to a linEle KOTemor, and to
the contularbundlu of rodal What need Iipeak
of the Heniochi, and Cholchi, and the nation of
Tauri, thote that inhabit the Botpborui, and the
mtiont about Fonuit, and Meotii, who formerly
knaw not to much at a lord of their own, biit
•re now iubject to three thoutand armed men,
•nd Where forty long thipt kept the tea in peace,
which before wat not navigable, and very tem-
Mltuoutl How ttrong a plea may Bithynia, and
Cappadqcia, and the people of Famphylia, the
Lyciant, add Ciliciani, put in for liberty? But
-they are mad* tributary without an army. —
What are the circumtltncet of -the Thraciaqa,
whote Country extendtinbreadtb Credayt' joiir-
ney, and in length teveu, and it of a much more
harth conititution, and much, mora, defentible
than yoort. and by the rigor of itt co|d tufficient
to keep off armiet from attackiiig them? do not
they tubinit to two th9utand men of the Roman
garritont? Are not the Illyriant, who inhabit
|h* eountry adjoining, at far at Dalmatia and the
Danube, governed by barely two legions;, by
which alto, tbey putatlopto tbe incurtiont of
theDaciansf And for thaDalmatiani, who have
mad* iuch fkaqocnt inturr*ctiont iu order to
regain tbeir liberty, and who could never be-
fore be 10 thorongBly tubdued, but that they
•Iwaya gathered their forcet together again, and
iftco, yet are they now very quiet under one
the Koniant, and theiMood foHune, which 11 of
greater efficacy than their armt. Thete Ojuli, _
therefore, are kept in lervitude by twelve hun-
dred toldiert, which are hardlv ao many a* are
their citiea: nor hath the gold dug out of the
minet of Spain been tuficient for the tupport of
a war to preterve their liberty, nor could their
vait diilance from the Romani by land «»d
by tea do it; nor could the martial tribei of the
Lutilaniani and the Spaniardt etcape; no aioTf
could tbe ocean, with itt lide, which ycl wailer-
rible to tbe ancient iahabitanti. Nay, the Ro-
mani have expended their armt beyond the pil-
lar* of Herculei, and hare walked aromig the
cloodi upon the Pyrenean moantaini, and have
lubd^ed theie nationi. And one legion it a luffi-
cient Ruard for thete people, although they wen
to haid to be conquered, and at a dirtance iO re-
mot* from Rome. Who it there among yn» ln»t
bath not heard of lb* great number of the H»f-
niani? You have, to be ture, yourtelvei uea
them lo be itrbng and tall, and that frequently
tince Ihe Roniant have them among their cap-
tive* every where: yettheae Oermana, who dwell
in an immente country, who have minda greater
than their bodicti and a loul that detpiaetb death,
and who are in rage mora fi*rc« tbanwild beaiti,
have the Rhln* for th* boundary of their enter-
Eriiea, and ar* lamed by eight Roman legioni.
uch of them at wer* laaan captive became their
aervanli; and the rett of th* entlr* nation were
obliged toaave th*ma*lv*tby flight. Do you alioi
who depend on th* vrallt of Jcruial**), coniidcr
what a wall Ihe ftrilont bad ; for the Rowani
tailed away to them, and lubdued them whil*
they were encompaaaed by the ocean, and inha-
bited an iaiand Miat it ndt leta than the [con-
tinentiof thia] habitable earth; and four legioni
are a auflicieot. guard to ao large an iaiand. And
why ahoUld 1 apeak much more about thia mat-
ter? while the Parthiana, that moat warlike
body of men, and lord* of ao many naliona, and
encompaaaed with tuch mighty forcet, tend hoi-
tagei to the Romani; whereby rou may «ee if
you pleaie, even in Italy, the noblett nation of
tbe eaat, under Ihe notion of peace, iubmilting
to lerve them. Now when almott all people %
under Ihe tun lubmit to the Roman arma, will
you be the Only people that make war againat
them? and thia without regarding the fate of tha
Carthaginiana, who, in the midst of their bragi
of the great Hannibal, and the nobility of their
Phosnician original, fell by the hand of Scipio.
Nor indeed have the Cyreneant, derired from
the Lacedemoniani, nor the Marmaridae, a nalioa
eitended a* far at the rcgiont uninhabitable for
want of water, nor have the Syrtei, a place terri-
ble to inch at barely hear it deicribed, the Naae-
mom and Moon, and the immente multitude of
the Numidiant, been able to put a ttoplo the
RomKn valor. And at for tbe third part of the
habitable earth, [Africa,] whole nationi are w
many that it it not eaav to number them, and
Roman iegion.V Moreover, if' great advantagei many mai n » ntn <:»t «,■.».,.«-. , . -■--
«ighrp»ovok«*ny peopi* to revolt, th* Gauli which it Jiounded by tt* At antic ••• •"l''',*,
■ightldo it b*tt ol^lf,*t being to thoroughly pillari of Herculet, and feedt »» •°"^'","5"!
walled round by nature. On the eaat aide by the I multitude of Ethiopiana, a* fiir at the KeU sea,
Alpi, on the north by tki riVer Rhine, on the I thete have the Romant tubdued entirely. Ana
■■<(■
^^^
HOOK u.— CHAP, xvii.
480
bnida* th« anniltl friiila of lh« rnrlh, which
■iinliinml lh« niulliluiliior the Ritiimni fur fight
■ontht in ih« year, Ihii, ottTiml Hliovr, pntimll
■orta of trihula, •nil •A'onla rrvanuck tiiiliiblii to
tha M<:ciilliMl of lh« K<>v<'rniti<^t. Niir ilo thfy,
lika you, ritneiii inch iiijiiiirliiiiii k ili«|(nir<! Ii>
IkMb, (IthouKh (hcjr h(vv lidl one Koinan IrKion
llwl ■billet ■iiionK them. Aiul iniletiil Mthat or-
uiion in there for ihuwInK you the power of (he
Rouitnt o¥er riiiiiolr fiiunlrlm, when itia •■> rii>y
to laarn it froiu Kf;y|i1, in your neighhorhiwd't
Xhii country ii aitenileil aa far t» the Kthin-
fiant and Arabia the Happy, and bonlen upon
ndiai it hath irven niilliiuu fiva hundred thou-
Mnd men, b^aiJii (he Inhabltanta of Alnandrin,
aa may be learned from the revenue of the poll-
tai;yet it if not'athnnied to auliniil to the Ko-
man govarnnirnt, although it hath Alexandria at
■ grand tehinlnlion to a rerolt, by rfaaoii it ia ao
full of (Mrople lUiil of richea, and ia, heaidea,. ex-
ceeding large, ila length being thirty furlouga,
and ita breadth no leaa than ten; ami it piiya
inore trihute>t» the Kqninni in our month than
you do in a year; nay, beaiilea lyhiit it pay a in
money, tt acnda corn to JRiiiiie, thut anpporti it
forfniir luontht [in the yeur:J it ia niaii ividlid
round on all »iili'a,eiihir by nlnio^t iinpnswlile ilc-
•erta, or aeaa that hftve no hnvjrna, or by rltira,
or by lakea; yet have none of thiae thiii^a bnn
mad prank jfou. will, hoaacTfr, tii-an« lh« i«-
proarhTif being beaten. Hut it were beat, O m*
fricnda, it were brat, while the veaael ia ttill in
the haven, to foreaen the impending ati>i;ni, anJ
not to ael and nut of the |Kirt inlu the mntdla of
the hurrirania, for we jiially pity thoao who fall
into great miafurtunia without loreaieing tham;
but for him who ruihea into manifrti ruin, ha
faina rrproachea [inatead of commiaeration.l
lut certainly noiiiii<ran iniagiiia thnt you cao
enter Into a wnr a« liy agreement, or that wh«n
the Komnna have gr)t yon ninter their iMiwer,
thev will ui« you iiUh nioileration, or will nut
rather, for an laairijttf to other naliona, bum
your holy cilv, and utterly ilealroy your whole
nation; tor thoae of you who ahall inrvlve the
war, wdl not be able to find a place whither to
Dee, aiiire all men liiivi< thii Komana (or their
Ionia already, orure afruhl they ahall have here-^L^;
after. »\ay, imieeil, the danger lonci ina nul^%
lhn><« JiWa that dwell here only, but thot» aflfi0r
them who dwell in other ritiea 'iilao; for there it
no people u|Hiii tliii huliilnlde I'liatli wliirh have
nottome porlilrn of you Hiiiiing tin in, whoiii your /
enemiuH will ahiy, in niii yo(i go i,, ««,:, and on
that ui-coiint alao; and to iViry lily v liirh hath /
Jewa in it will he fdlxl wllh '«liiuc,liler for the .
auke of u few nun, iind they ii-ho hlny them will
■ .. ^- be pardoned i but if thiit »liiughter be not madu
found too at rang for the Human Rood tortuiic; 'by them, coniiiler how wicked • thiuir it it to
hoarevcr, two le^iont that' lie in lliat city are » tiike »rm» ugniiinl thoae that are io kind to yo«.
' '" ' ' Have pity, Mwrefore, if not on your fhililreu and
wivet, yet upon thia your melropiih^, and ila aa-
rred walla; npiire the leniph', ami pnaerve the
bridle both for thu remoter parta of Kgypt, and
' '^ ...... iblo Mact?.
lot the parta iuliabitatt by Ihti more nobi
doaiaiM. Where then are thoae peohle whom
you are to have foryour nuxiliarka? Nluat thi y
come from the parti of the world that'nre unin-
hibited? for All tknt nre in the hahituhle earth
are [under the] Komuna. IJnlilia any of you »x-
teiid hit hopet at far nt beyond the Kuphratea,
ainrtuppui; that thoae of your, own nation that
dwell in Adiabane \v>|yU«t« to yyui- B4tittanre;
but cerUinl^ ihe* wilTiiot enlbarsati thennelvet
with ao uij|iiiti|jttbl« wnr, nor, Wliiey thouhl fol-
low luch nl advice, wilf the I'arthiana |)erinit
them to to do; for it ia their concern to lunintnin
the truce that it between thein9«nd the Komana,
tad they will be tuppoaed td break the covenanta
between them, if any under their government
march ag^lnaf the Ruinana. W'at reiirama,
therefore, it tbia, that you have recourae to di.
vllie atlittance; but (hiaia iilready on the tide of
the Romani: for it ia imirattible that ao vi^at an
empire ahould l>e (<)ttled without <ind't I'rovi-
deoce. Reflect upon it, how inipotaible it ia fur
yokrunloua obacrvalion of your religioua cua-
tooitfb be here nreiierved, which lire hSnl to be
obtenred even when you light ivith thoae whom
yog are able to conquer; and how cub you then
■Mat of all hope for Uod'i aaaiatance, when, by
being forced to transgreai h|i law, you will make
him (urn hit face from you? anil ifyouduob-
Mnrc the cuatoni of the aabbatb dnya, and will
■Ot be prevailed on to do any thing thereon, you
willeaiily be taken, aa were your forefathers by
Pomp^, who wat the buaiett in hit tiege on
Iboie dayt on which the betieged relied. Uut if
in time of war, you tran^greaa the>1aw of 'your
country, 1 caooot tell on whoae acibouiit you will
afterward go to war; for your ifconcern ia but
one, that you do nothing against any of your
lorcfkthert; and how will you call upon God to
Mtittyou, when you are voluntlrily tranagreat-
"*S ■gaintt hit religion? Now all men that go
towar do it either aa depending on divine, or on
Daman aaaiitance; but aince ^ur going to war
will cut off both thote aaaistancea, thoae that are
for going to war choote evident dettrnction.
What hindert you from ilaying your children
•nd wivea with your own handt, and burning thit
■ott excellent native city of yourt? for by thit
* Jnllw Cmar had decreed, tHat the Jewa of Jeriiaa-
MKibould patr an annual tribute to Uie Komana, excepti
61
pn-aerve
holy lioiiHc, ivith ii< holy liirniluri% for your-
aelvea; for if the Koinana get you uniler their
power, Ihij will no lunger nbalain from them,
when their fornn r. niiatincnce tliall have lieen to
ungratefully leniiilrd. 1 call to wiliicta your
aanctunry, and the holy angrlt of (iod, and thia
country common 16 ua all, that I have hot kept
back any thing that ia for your preservation ; aiid
if you will foirow that ailvjce, which you ought
to do, you will have that peace which will be
common to you aud to iiic; but if you i^idulge
your naationa^iiSJi will run thoae huzania which
1 ahull be fi'ev||rbin'."
5. When A'^'lppa had apnkenihua, both he and
hia aistcr wept, inul bv their teara repreaaeil ■
great deal of theviofcnec of the .people; but
atill they cried out, that "they 'wiinld not fight
ttgainat the lioinuna, but ngninU Klortia, on ac-
count of what they had autlcre^l . by hit means."
To which Agrippa replied, " thai what they had
already done wiia like auch at make war agaibat
the Komana; for you have not (iaid the triniite*
'which ia due to Cieaar; and you have cut oti' the
cloiatera [of ihc teniplcj fibiii joining to tiic tower
Antonia. You will therefore prevent any occa-
aion of revolt, if you Will but join tbeae together
again, amJTif you will but pay your tribute; for
the citadel doea not now lu-long to Klorua, our
are yod to pay the tribute money tq Kloriii." >
CHAP. XVII.
Hoio the War of the J tvei with lh( Romam began.
And concerning Munahem.
{ 1. This advice the jieople hearkened to.and
went up into the temple with the king and Uer-
nice, and began to rebuilil the cloiiten- the
rulera alto and tena'tora divided themtelvca inl»
the villagea, and collected the tributet, and tooa
got togetlier forty tnlenta, which wat the turn
that wad delicient. And,thua did Agi^ppa then
put u atop to that war whic.li was threateneil.
Moreover, he attempted tv Jxerauade the multi-
tude to obey Florua, until Cssar thould tend one
to tucceed him ; but they were hereby more pro-
Toked, and raat reproachet upon the king, and
ingtheclly^ Jappa,and for the Bahhatleal year, aa
Bpanhetm obacrrca from the Antiq. b. xiv. ch. x. tect.
4?0
WARS^F THE JEWS.
rot bim ^tfludiH out of til* eily, nny. «nni«< of
ikic Mililliiii" hiiil llif imiimlfncf «u tliii.w "li"'""
■t him. No wli»n lh» kln^ "bw tliul tb* vic>l*iiie
of »ho«e lliHt wt II) for i[nn(i»iillwi» w«« noi tt li«
r«itf»iiie«l, (iiiii Imuiih very •iiirry »t ll"; «oiitii-
inclir* hr hail rCci mil, hf tint Ihur nilii*. H>-
relb^r ni'h lliiir iiii ii of powi r, |o Hi.rin, tu
Csy»are», ihm h« inight uppoinl wlmiii ho t"i>UR"l
fit to iiilli < • th« tril)iU« ill llie euuiitr) , w1h|(j ht
r«tir«<Hiitohi«owii kiiiKil'""- " . ■
2 Ami «t thi» tiiiin it win thai turn* ol thoM
thiit i.riin:i|«illy excit.'il the |mii|.U to Ro 1« w«r.
iiinilr an ii»!>iiiill upon ■ i«rliiiii fortrcMi riiinu
MmiiiIii. 'i'hi-y look it liy tn mlitr), bii'I ilew
the Koiimna IhHt were lliirc, »iul |iut othrrt ol
th»-ir awii imriv lo kii>|i ii. At tin- i"""'; H"*
l-'leiiKr, th« •oii-)f AhMiiiin the hiRli |iri«il, ■
very holil youtli.wlio Wim nl that lii«<' «:>»<="""■
of lh« l«iii|il*, iicr.iiiKlxl thou* llmt oIVhimH;' "»
Uie diviiH! nwnii; to riinivn no gilt or Bairifici!
lur tny foreiKiiir. Ami tlil« wa. Ihc lru« l'«-
KinninKof our war with the Kuiiihih; for tliey
rejerlfa tJie nHCririie of (;«»»r gli thin nwoiiiil :
HiiU when mniiy of the high i.rir.H iiiiil pniiniml
nen l»e«ouii[lit tin iii not to omit flie wicrUici,.
whir.h it WB1 nutoiiiary for them to ollir for
tht'ir nrinciK, tli<-v would not b« prevaijid upiiii.
rii«ie relied iiiiirli upon their uiullrtude. for the
mot tlouriihiiig part of the, inuovatorit a-«i«lid
them: but they hud Che ehief regurd lo Lltuiui,
the governor uf the temple.
3. Hereupon the men of power gpt together,
and conferriil with the high prienU, m oh) iiNo
• the nriiieipul men of the riiRii««eii and tliinkiiij,'
ill wat at nuke, and that their fNliiiiiiliis "ire
becoming incuralde, took counnel wloil wan to lie
done. Accordingly tirey determined to try Hlint
they could do with the neditiouii by wiir.l*, and
utembled the people before the braien gate,
which wat that gate of the inner temple [court of
the «"«■"<»] "''"''' '""''«•' toward the nunriting.
And, in the first place, the^ ihowed the great iii-
dignation they had at thii attempt fur a re%'i>lt,
and for their bringing »o great a war upon their
country : after which they confuted their pretence
a« uniuitifiable, and told them, that "their fore-
father* had adorned thiir temple in great part
with donationt bestowed on them by foreigners,
and had always received « tiat had been uieseiit-
ed to them from foreign iiatioifs; and lbnl.tliey
•had been so far from rijeiling any person's sa-
crifice, (which would be (he highest instauce of
imni«ty,) that they had tlieiiwelves placi^hoKe
donations about the t. niple winch were still
visible, and had reu,aiiinl there so long, a time:
for they did now irritiite the Kuiiians to take
arms against them, and invited tlitin to make
«ar upon them, and brought op novel rules of »
strange divine worship, mid determined to run
the hazard of having their city comli iiined for im-
piety, while they wouM not allow luiyloreignir,
but Jews only, either lo sacriliive or to wiirsbip
therein. And if such' a law should ever be in-
troduced in the case of u i-ingle perton only, lie
wouW have indignation at il, as un instance of
inhumanity determined against him; while they
have no regard 10 the Hqmuns or to Cie«ar. and
forbid even their oblations to be received al»o:
that, however, they cannot but fear, lest by re-
lectinr hii sacrifices, they shall not be allowed
r n>° .L_:_ ' „...! il.Mi »lkta ritv will InaP itfl
ndy, those that mlnlilerf d aliout Ihc li mi-Ii«
would n..l all! lid their divine service, hut «rr«
nrefMiriiig miilUrs for biRiiining the war Sft
thi iMen of |H.«ir perrUHiig that the si.lilimi
wiK too huril for tliewi to •idwlue, nml thiit Ihr
iluiiger whiili woiilif arise Iroin (he JIoukmh
would rouicil|><m lli.m fin-t of all. enilen.ore.l
lo save ihemsiUes, and sent ambassailors; vm»
lo Florus. the chief of whom was Simon the sun
of Ananias; and others to Agrippa. among wlioin
Ihe most eminent were Saul, and Aliliim., sivl
Costobaiiis. who iverr of the king s kin.lni,
ami Ihev ilesired of them both that lliey H.iiil.l
coiiiewllh an arniv to the city, ami cut off lh«
sedilluil before it .honld h* too- har-l to be «iih-
lined. Novvlhislirrible nie»i.Rge »vn«gr>o.liiiin
to Morns; ciiid biciiusr his design \u<» to havi u
war kiniiled; he gave the Bmba«5idor« bo nii-<v i r
at all, Itiit Agnppil wan efiuidly soImiIoii. l.ir
tho«e Ihiit were ri voltiii;,', n.lid lor Hmw i,;;!im .t
whom thewBrivaslobeiiinde,niidwiiHie«iioii-t..
pre.< rve the .lew. f'^r llie Komaiis, mid llii liia-
pie and metropolis for ihr.levvs; he wi,< nl'O
ieiiHible lluil it «n- iiol f.ir litHinviiadvanta;;! Itiiil
the dl'.luibaiK e» slioidd i-roceed ; sohe »eiil llirn
llioiKhnil hor.i nien I" l"'' B.»i»tiinre of I je p.o-
pie out of Aniimili". and ll:>lam a, ami. I rai h'-
iiitis and 111...' limlir Darius the ina.ler ol hij
lior-i'. loel riiilip ti:e ►on of JacimuH, the R< i" f.l
ol liH urinv. . I I. I ■ 1
5. Iiiou'lliis till' men of power, wilh the Im',.Ii
pri.ri-,ii» ul-o rdl lire part of th' nmllKu.u- I'm
were ilenilou. of prace. look ccMiia;;.'. aiid mi,; I
uiion llie >i|M" r cilv [Mount Sion;] Jor llir «i i-
tl'.iiH part Inij llie l.iwer city ami llie t. nipl.- la
their pijvK I • «o thev inade n-,e ol sLiim » lai'l
fliligH pi rix liliilly ii.Viiii'l "m- aiiolliiT, niiil llin «,
ilarH loininoalh on both hidi-«; 1 soiiietimrf
(t happiiM'd ihallliiv mixle inciir>ion.« by Iroop.,
and fought it oiil lian.l 10 band, while the 'hIj.
lions were (.ii|»n0r in bohlncs*, but the kin|!S
wddiers in. (.kill. Ttici la-l Klrove chi. lU I •
tain the tinipb . and loilnve tho.ie out ol il wlio
nrofaned It; an did llii^ seditious, willi Khnm.
Iiesid.s what Ihev liml already, labor to gum
Ihe upper citv. Tlins were tli.rc perp.lunl
slauL'hters on'both sides (or nveii day* tune,
but neither side would yield Up the parti Uv'y
had seiiedon. , , .• i r v i
ti. ?i>ow the next day was the festival of .\ylo-
nhorv, umm which the custom was for every iiiie
to brln"- wood for the idlar; (thai (here iiii^ht
never be a want of fuel for thai lire «)iirh >vw
unquenchable and always burniiiif;) upon that
daV they etcluded Ihe opposite party (run the
observation of this part o( reli-im. And vvhea
they had ioiiied to themselves many ol (lie >i-
carii, vvho crowded in aiiwui-f Ihc weaker nennlf,
(that was the name for «ul-h robbers as haduai it
their h -ioiiis swords called Sice.) they grew 1".K.-
er. ami cariied their underiukins lurllier; ni'O-
inurh, Ihat the king's soldiers were overpoweriil
by their mullitud«> and boldness, and »o lliey
tuve wuv, and were driven out of Ihe upi'ir
city by force. The others (hen set fire IB Itii-
house "of Ananias the high priest, and to the pn-
lacis of Agrippa and lUrnicc: alter which ih>f
carried the fire to the place where the archivej
were reposiled, and made haste to burn Ihe can-
tracts belonging to their creditors, and thereD;
principality, unless they grow wiser quickly, and , '•^^' ' ^ HXs"wlm ha been debtors, aad •
nrtoK ii-ciiAP. xvri.
471
\\>nui lb'" Irtnpli*
•rfvlic, liiit »rr«
iiiK III"' wiir, >ft
Ihni thn in'liliiiii
fliii', nnil Ihiit llip
rniii (li" HoiiKiiit
i( hW, ci)ilin»iirf.l
iiihRKKdorii ; ininii
wH» Siinon thf m»
i|i|iii,iiniong whom
iii)rl AlUiima, nivl
• kiiiK't kimin'.
Il lllHl tlX'V W'illld
y, anil <'ut' olT Ih*
o- hnrrl (0 hi' «iih-
«inn Hii« U> lliivri'.
ii»94lor« lif) nii"ii r
iiilly •iilii'itirii'i li>r
(i Uir tlMl*!' iinHimt
iiiicJn'ii«ilt«iiiiir-t'i
niiiriii, iiiiil II" *<iii-
i!VV«; ln^ "11" "I")
(nvHiiilviintii;;! Itiiil
III; »(>lu' "ciilllirni ■
»i«tiiii<'<' of ill'' )"'"■
tini !i, 1111(1 'I'nicli'i-
1 tli< iiin«lrr 111 liit
lltllUUH. till) pi 111 f.l
■mtr, willi Ihi' l"'-;'i
till., iiiiiliidi.ii- I'lil
i-i>uiin;i', niul fiir.i
Sinn;] liir llii' "I'i-
)• mill elic t. iiipli- ill
ii»c (>r sl.iiM * 1111'!
imiiiiiIIkt, niiilllif'"-
tl<i; iiiiii ftiiiiii'liiiii'4
iiciir>i"ii« lij troii|",
Hid, wllilo tlll'-llli-
nes!", Iiiit llii' kins;''
.1 Klriivi! oliii I'y t '
!■ tflll'*"' imt Ol il H'llli
tiidiii, "illi Kliiii:ir,
ii(h, lalior to K"!'!
re' lliirc iicrpitunl
ir ffvi-ii (In^!"' tiini-,
(I Uj) the jiarH II"?
Ilic ffHtivnl of Xvlo-
mt iviis fur pverv luie
r: (tlial (hiTf ini;;lit
thill lire nliirli wm
l)uriiiii!fO "I'"" 'W
lositr |iiirty i'niiii the
rtlijii'iii. And when
Vfs iiniiiy of III'' ^1'
lif (he wi'iikiT nciiplf,
rolihcri nn hnduiiilir
)ic,i',) tlu'v prcw liiili-
tiikins Imllifr; iii«o-
• r» ivci-i! ovcrpnivcriil
loldni'ssi, nni> »o lln'V
It uiit of Ihi' upi'i'f
I (hen set (ire to ihi'
priest, and to the pn-
re: n ft IT which tin.''
■e wlien- the nfi'liiiH
liiisle to hum Ihi: tun-
creditors, »nd thtrrhy
ins- for |>i>)iitg thijir
ill order to gam the
ad heen dthtorii. »i)<i •
he poorefl sort tnjoin
ti safciv, agiijiist the
epers of the reconlj
t fire to them. And
down the nervej of lti«
nemies; at which time
er, and of the hi^h
Iti under ground, and
le others fled with-lh*
klhc'i lolilUri to Ih. upper palaie, and .hut th« , ilrath of the hi((h prir.l AnaniM. lo puffed up
■_?V '"'! 1 "." ", ...;.;..,r „h„,„ W..I-H Aiionint Maiiahi ni, llmt he l..< H«,e l.„rlmrou.l> . ruel, ami
Riiri iiiiiuriliiilrlvi BiiionK whiiiii wire Aiiiiiiii<* , , , ...
rhiir ir "l. iiil the anilmMadorn that l*.d '. ... he ihoUKhl li. had m. Hnl«i{..ni.l to ill.puU
b«n .r It to Airrippa. An.l now tl«' ».diliou. the ...ani.ipniuit of i.lT...,', .v.th liinl. h.' wa. no
were rontenlrd Willi the vitlorvtliey had KOlltn, hell.r thim n.i ..„n|ip..rtul.l. t,ranl; l.ul He*-
ao«i »Im huil.linK.^ they had burnt .lown. and pro- r.a» and hit pi.rl), whin Woril* had pawed lie
e«edid no larlhir. i
7. Itui on the ii<'«t d«V. wiriih wR«th«fifte«Mlli
of the month Unu, [An,] (hey .nnde an awnnlt
n Antonia, mid hiti.Riii the (riirrimin whiob
Ql. . .. ■. Y , ■ ■ ■
w»» in It two diiy»> and ihen (iK(k tln' Rarrnoi.,
ami iilew (he.ii, and «rt the ciladel oil lire; after
whird (hey inurihed (o (lie iialare, wliKher the
kiiilt'* •'ildi'"'* *»''■»''''•'•"'"' I'"""'*'' ''"■""'■''*' i
int.? four liodien, and made un attack upon the | one rather than (.> hiiii
walU. Ai for tho«e thut werw within II, no one
bad the courane to aally out, lieraii»e (hone (hat
a>«ii.iit<il them iverd lo lUMiirniu*; lint they dOt-
(riliuli'd tlieiiKelven into the lireii>twork* and tur-
ret!, and «hot iit the heniegert, when by iniiny of
the robber* fell under the wnllt; nor did they the
cenne to fiffht one with another either bv niffhtor
by day, while the leditious iiipponed tliat those
within would grow weary for want of food, and
(hi)«e within nuppoied (he o(her* would do (lie
(ween them, how-" it yint not projier when (bey
revolted Inini (he Itonians, out ol the desire of.
Itberty, (■• lietfiiy timl liliertv l.i any of tlwir own
peopft', ami to beiira Inrd, who, though he shouhl
»e Knilty.of no violence, uns yet iiieniier than
(henitelves; as «l*o, thai In cii«e'tlny wefi' obli|{-
ed (0 set some one over tht ir publii: nllairs) l( '
was fitter (hey should |;ive that privilege to nnv
ban (o him," they iiiuile an assault,
upon him in the temple ; fof be wi irt up thither
to worship in a poinpuus manner, iii.d niliiriiid
with rovnl (;»rnients, iiiiil bad bis folliiwers with
him ill their ar^iior! Itut Klea/nr ami his partv
M\ violi nlly upon hiiu, Hf diil also (bei rest of
peop
le, and (akiiip; up sloiii s to attack him
like by tlio tedioinncss of" (he siete.
8. In the mean linie one Manaliem.'tbc sou of
withal, they threw them nt tlii' sophiAler, and
tboiiitht, that if he were once rniiied; the entire
neditiiin Would fall to (be );i'oiiiid. Now Mana-
hem and his parly iiiiidi. ri'..l>taiiir for a while,
but when they perceived that ll:i whole miilti<
tude were falling upon tiiiin, l! ■ y lied which
wnv everyone was able; thM..e tl' it wi re caunht
were slain, and IIiom' llial hid tin iiisiIvih nife
seaiclied for. A few there wi re of them who
Judas, that wns called Ih* (ialilean, (who was a
very cuuniu); sophisler, and bad fnrmerly ^e
nrunohed the Jews under ('Vituius, that afte . ,, , , ,
(iod they were siiiiiefl lo the l'(iminii«.)took some r privately .scaped to Masmla, aimoiK wlii.ib win-
of (he men of note with bini, ami retir.d to.Ma- ; K|ea»ar the »oii of Jairii., who was of kin to
jada, where he bro)ie nncii kiu^ Herod's anno- I Miiiudiem, and nctiil the pari i.l ii Ivrant at M«-
rv ami K»ve uriiis not only to bi.* own people, but ; sada allerwnrd : as for Maiiab. ni hiinsi II, be I'.ii
toother robbers aUo. These be iiiWde ns.' of for i away to the iduce calle.r Opiiia, ajid |b.'r.' I i.v
afuard, and retuintd in the state of a king lo ; skiilkiii<: in private; liiil.llu.v l.ok liilii alive, and
Jerusalem; he became the lender (if the s.ditibn,. ilievvTbim out b. for.- them all: llii y Ih.n loilur. d
aad eavo orders forcoiUinuini; the Hie;;e,but til. y him with many sorts of tornieiitn, uii.l idler all
wanted props'r instrmnenis, and It was not prac- | a,|ew him, as they ili.l hy tlio.c itjat were cap-
ticthle to u'ndenniiie the wall, liecausi; the darts
fame down upon them from above. ^ lint still thev
dug a mine from a Kreut distance under one of
the towers, and made it totter, anil having done
that, (hey wt fire on what wai combustible, niid
left il. and when the foundations were burnt be-
low, the tower fell dovvn sii.ld.mly. Vet did thev
then meet with uuother wall tnui had been built
within; for the be^ieg.d were sensible before-
liand of what they were doiu);;. and probably the
lower thook as it was uhderuiiniiij^ ; so they prcji
Tilled themselves of onollfer forliheation, which,
when the besiegers unexpectedly saw, while they
thought they had already ({i.iued the pluo!, they
were under some contteriiution. Ilnwever, those
that were within sent to Almmheiii, and to the
otliir leaders of the sedition, ami di sired th.y
Blight foout upon acapilulalioni Ibis vvas Ki'uiit-
.edtu the kiiiKs soldiers, mill their own connliy-
men Only, who vveni out accoriliiiffly ; but the
Roinani tlmt were Itfl iilojie wen- preallv dij.'ct-
ed, foi- thev were not able to foice Ineir way
through lucli a innllilu.le; and lo il<'»ire tbi.n to
give tbeiu (heir ri|;ht hand for Iheir seciirily
they thought it would be n reproach to them;
and besides, if th.'y should ^ivc it tbeni, tti.y
diifst not depend upon il; !'o they deserted their
camp as easily taken, niiil ran away to the royal
towers that calle I llippicii<, that called I'liaitae-
lus, ar.d that called Mariamne; butManab.'ii.
and his patly fi'll unon'tbe plate whince the sol-
diets were lied, niul slew as iiiany of them as they
fxjuhl catch, before they }rol up to the towers;
add plundered what tb'ey left behind them, and
•ct fire to their camp, 'I'liis wai execuli:d on the
•ixlli day oftbe inonth (iorpeius [Klul.]
9. But on llie ii.xt day the high priest was
caught, where heMiail com'ealed llinl^eU' in an
a(|ueduct; he wa« slain, together with Hezekiab | alive, hut none i Is
his brother, by (he robbers: hereupon the si'di- ,. was but liu'"" lli'ce
tains under him 'also, and parlii ul.rly by the
principal instrument of bis tyruiiny, whose nJiiiii
was Ai-jnloin. _ ■ ^
10. Ami, a« I said, !? f"r inilv l'««> j'"-^..i -•-
«is(ed (beni, while (hey hojied (his niJKlit alloni
some amendment to the sedidoiis pruvtices; but
the others were not in haste to put an end lo the
war, but hopiil (o prosecute it wilb less iIiui)^t,
now. (hey hud slain Manahrm. It is true, that
wli<*h ttfl' peopl.' eurni-stli .les'yed tlinl tbey would
leave oil' h.siei^inn the soliliersi they w.r.' the
more earnest in pressiii^it forward, ami this till
Melilius, who whs (be |<oiii»n ({eueral, Miit to
Kleazar, Bii.l desireil that they would give them
Security to i*|>nre their lives only, lint a);reed to
deliver up their arms, >.•■.■ . .
Isc they had
tf witjj
and-wliat
with them. 'J'he others readily coniplietf
their petition, s.'ut to tbiin ( ir.riim, ll.t: «>>n of IM '•
rod'HtUH, and Annnia". tlie son of Sailduk, and
Judas, the son of Jonallian, tbal tliey mi|;ht.i;ive
them tb.' security of their ri[;b( hands, and of
their oaths; after which ^I. liiiii'i lirouj;nt down
bis soldiers, vvhicb s(i|,lier'<, while th.'.v were in '
arms, were not nieddled with by any of (he sedi-
(ions, nor was- tbi'T.' any appenrajice of treache-
ry; but as soon as, aciiirdini' to the articles ol'
capitulation, they liail nil laid ilown their shields
and their swords, and were iiiiiler i>o farther sus-
picion of any harm, but w.i-e S'liuK away, K.lea-
7,ar's men attacked them idler iv violent mnii'iier.
niirl eiicoiiipasst .1 llieiii nuiiid, and slew them, <
while they neithir d,ili nili-l themselves, nor en-
treated for mercy, but only irird out upon the
breach of tlieir niticl.s of i apilubitioii, and their
oaths. And thus vveri- alt ili.'sf men barbarously
murdered, exceplin;; M.liliiK; for when he en-
treated fir iiieny, and pminised that be would
turn Jew, and lie circituicisi d, they saveii him
'iTiis |.)>.s t ) the ItOnians
b. in;r no more llian a f.w
tious besieged the lowers, and kept them iruurded, «|ainout ot an iinmeu'e :ii'iiiy : but still it appear-
lest any one of t!i<! soldier.* fchould escape. : IVovv cd to be a prelude lo lb.' Jews' own destruction,
the overthrow of the places of streuglh, and the ! while men made puljliu laioentatiou when they
472
WARS OF THE JKW8.
3, An>l Ihui fnr (ha -onlliil li«<l b««n b*lwM«
Jtwi unci forrigiuini, liut wlirii llicv iiiiiiU ci-
ruriioiii to Sc|thuli<<li>, ihry fouiiil Jvwa lliai
•etril M cncniixt: fur »% Ihcy nlouil: in liilllla
ttnay willi Iho** of Hrylhoj(c)li«. kikI prufi rrtj
«hiir own trntutj Man llirir rclMtion t<i u«, tli»jr
rnuf(l>t «|(Hin»l lli»irnwn roiinlrynicn; nay, tlitir
•lurrily wut »i> vttyifitrM, ihst thow of Hrvtho-
fxilli tuniHrl)!!! tlidh. 'I'lnni' ivi-r« nfriiiil, l>ii'r«-
i>r«, |r»( llH'y atMiuM iiihIx^ *n kmhuU a|iiiii the
city in llie nicltTliinr, iiiitl, lu (Itrir ifrril iiiKfor'
lunr, thoiiiirlht'rfhy iiinkn iiii H|MiloKy fur IIhiii-
•rlvin to tni-ir |i<-o|ilr for lli< ir rrvoll from Ihcin.
8u llity conuiiiiiiilfeil llirui, tliHl in caic lliry
would confirlu ihi iV ■Kn-ciiKnl, untl (IfiiliiintriiU
tiifir fiilplity to llicni, wlio wrm of u (liKcrrnt
nation, lliry ihoultl ga outbf tlM< city, witli llirir
.... >.... ; fitniilixn, to a ntiKhburiug proves and whrnthty
} 1 Now the pi-oplo of CViaren had ilain the | hiiil done lu they were Coniniiinded, without luv
Jewt that were Hiiionir them on the very «ain« i peotinfc any ibinR. the people ot Scylhopoln l»y
j.„ ....I li,.,ii. Twhin (he ioldieri were ulain.l iiill for lh«inlerv«loftwoday»,totenip»lli< nittitw
•trure; but on the third niKhtthey watched their
ojiportunily. and cut all their throat*, aonie u
taw thai »uch occaiion* wara alTonled for i war
M were incurable i that the city nti all o»er
inlluted with turh abimiinationa, from which it
wai hut r<!Hi>^ablv to eipect mmia «enKeniice,
e»en Ihoiinh they nhouhl rwiijw (unfeance from
Ihe R(>niuii» ; «» that city wa» ftlleil with ladiieM,
and every one of the moiicrnle men in it were
under i;r<'«t 'linturhaiice, n< likely thenntlvei to
anderKo pttiii»hm<'iit for the wickedneM of the
icditiouii for iiulied It K> happeneil, that thii
murder wan |Mrii(lniled on the •ulibiilh diiy, en
which (lay the Jf»v< h«ve n rtipitu from their
work* on iiccouut of divine wonhip. *
CHAP. xvni.
Tht CalumilitM and SlaHKhltr$ that cami upon
Iht Jiwt
day and hour [when the ioldieri were ulain.J
nrhirh one would think niu«t have come to pa«»
by the direction of IVovidencej inaoniurh, that
ill on* hour*! time iibove tvtenty thoutaiid Jewi
were killed, ihmI nil Ceiarea wat emptied of its
Juwiith inhabillnti; for Kloru. cBujjht »uch h>
ran away, and lent them in bonds to the rnlle^i.
i;poil which Mroke that the Jt»w» received at Cuv
•area, the whole nation wai f^reatly enra^ietl; lO
they divided thepiiielve» into •everiil partiex, and
Lijil waste the vill;i(;i>i (if the Syrians, and their
ni't;{hborinf; cities I'hilndelphiii, and Sehonili*,
and tierasa, and l't'lla,nnd ScjttioiMilis.aml after
tlieni Oadai-a, mid Hippox; and fulling upon Oau-
tanitis, someciticii tliey destroyed there, .and
some they set on lire, and then went to Kedasa,
iieloiig;iiig to the Tvrium, and to I'lolemnis, and
to Galia, and to (.'resarea ; nor was either Sc-
baste [Samarinl or Askf [on able to oppose the
violence with which they >vere attacked; and
when they had' burnt these to tlie gro""''. they
entirely Jeniolishcd Aiitheilon and Uaia; luaiiv
also ot the vili*"** that wtr» ;;|)o„i ^vCry one p'f
those iitlei were piunuercd. and an imiiienje
slaughter wai made of the men who were caught
in them.
they lay unguarded ,^^il some as they lay ailerp
The number that was slain was aliove thirtein
thousand, and then they plundered tlieiii of all
that they had.
4. it will deserve onr relation what befell Si-
mon: he WHS- Ihe son of one Siiul, a man of re-
pulalibh BiMoiig the Jews. This man wa» dn-
fiiigUiiihed from the rest by the strength of hit
liotly and the boldness of his coikIucI, ullliuuKh
he abused tliem both to the luischie.ving of his
countryuien; for. he came everyday and slew u
great many of the Jews r>f i^cythupolis, mid hr
freiiuenlly put them to lli^ht, an<l bi'Cume hiiii-
sejf alone the cause of his urinj's rumiutriiig
Hut a just puuishmtnt overtook him iVtr the iiiur-
ilers he hiKlcuminitted upon those of the »uiiie na-
tion with him ; for when |he |>C(ipl« of Siy Ihopo-
lis threw their darts at them in the grove, he
drew his iWortl, but ilid uut attack any of Iha
enemy; for be saw that lie could do nolliiog
against such a multitude; but hp cried out afters
very moving manner, aiid said, "O.jre people of
Scythopolis, I deservedly iuffer (or what I have
2 However the Syrians were even with the I dfme with relation to vou. when I gave you such
JeL K multUu/e of the men whom they ; security of my fi'**^''') 'V^^/oll'^^'SgirS
slew- "or thev killed those whom they c»ught in of those that were related- to n^. Wherelor*
theTrcUi^s. ami that not only out of'the hatred "- « .».lv e,oeriem:e the per
they bore them, as formerly, but to preAent Ihe
danger under which thev were from them; so
that the disorders in all Syria wire terrible, and
every city was divided into two armu s encamped
one against another, and the preservation of the
one party wax in the destruction of the other; so
the daytime waS spent in shedding ot blood,
and the night in fear, ivhich was of the two the
inoTe terrible; for when the Syrians thought
they had ruined the Jews, they had the Judaiier*
in snspicion also; and as eack side did not care
to slay those whom they only suspected on the
^1 ' ■- I -1 - — >l.. r-...« «l<^>>, tvli,i,i Ihev
were
Ol muse III"* vi^t^ ,..i».™, — ,. I-
we very justly experience the perndiousiie«s ul
foreigners, while we acted after a niost wicked
manner against onr own nation. 1 will therelor*
die, pollul«l wretch as I am, by mine own hands;
for it is not fit I shojild die by the hand ol our
enemies; and let the same action be to ineliolh
n punishmeiit for iny great crimes, ii.nd a testi-
mony of my courage to my commeiidation, llial
:io no one of our enemies may have it to bnig ol,
that he it was that slew me, and no one may ia-
suit upon me as 1 1*11." Now when he had hi.|(1
Ibis, he looked round about him upon, his family,
«laO those whom they only suspected on inc I ivith eyes of commiseration and of rage; (ilral
e?^ s did ttv greatly fear tlim when they -family consisted of a wife, and chll.lreii, am 1
• i„i ..ii>. .be nther as if thev were aged parents;) so, in the hrst place, he caught.
'^'"'"S>i."' ^:'''"^,."!„r• " '.,: r.Lr,f \t (L^r by the grey hairs. *nd ran hi. sword
certainly "foreigners. Moreover, greediness of
rain was a provocation to kill the opposite paHy,
even to such as had of old appeared very mild
and gentle towards them; for they without (ear
plundered the elVects of the slain, and Carried on
tbe spoils of those whom they slew to their own
houses, as if they had been gained in a set bat-
lie- and he was esteemed a man of honor who
got the greatest share, %» having prevailed over
the greatest number of l^s enemies. It was then
common to see cities filled with dead bodies, slrtl
lyjiig unburied,'and those of old men, mixed with
infants, all dead, and scattered about together;
women also lav amongst them, without any
covering for their nakedness; ypivmighl then see
the whole province full- of inexpfessible calami-
ties, while the dread of still more barbarous prac-
tices which were threatened, was every where
greater than what had been alreadv perpetrated.
his father by the grey hairs, and ran his sworU
through him. and aftelr him he did the same to
his mother, who willingly received it; and after
them he did the like to -his wife and chdHrta,
every one almost offering theiuselves to hir
sword, as desirous to prevent being slam by their
enemies; so when he hud gone overall his fuiui-
Iv, he stood upon their bodies tq be seen by all,
and stretching out his right hand, that his action
might be observed bv all, he sheathed his entire
sword into bis own' bowels. This youiig iiian
was to be pitied on account of the strength ol his
body and the coKmgc of his soul; but since he
had assured foreigners of his fidelity [against his
own countrymen,] he sutiered deservedly.
' 5. Besides this murder at Scvthop(dis, the
other cities rose up against Ihe Jews that were
among them; those ol Askelon slew two thou-
sand five hundred, and those of I'toleinau IW»
•f
BOOK II.-CJIAP. XVIII.
473
III b«tn b*lWiw«
I tll«v lllllili: ('>•
Duim Jvwa lliai
iilouil: in liilllla
I, mid pritl'irroj
lutiun t<> u<, llity
iiien; niiy, tlitir
ihoK of Srvthu-
vtv ulriild, Iniri!-
■MHult ■iniii th(
irir ifrrX iiihlor'
i|HiloKy lor tliiMii-
t'tull frimi llirin,
ml in c*>ii (liry
und ilriiiiiintriiU
rn of u (lillcri'nt
M city, with llirir
i and when tlity
led, Mrithoiil luv
f Scylhuptdii liiy
u tempt tiK'iii til he
\ir\f watclird llicir
throat*, ■(iiii« It
a they Itiy aalvrp
It iilmv« thirtein
Icri'd thnni uf all
:>n what btifiHI Si-
inul, tt man »f re-
lia man wa* \\i»-
IV atrength of hi4
:i>mlurt, ullliuu^h
iiiachivviii); ul nit
y day niiii uliw u
ythupidi», mill hr
anil brCHiiic hiiii-
iiiy'a lunuutriiii;
( him iVir tiiv iiiur-
Mi'uf Ihenuinriia-
oplo of Si'ytliii|H>-
in the grove, hf
attack liny uf llit
could do nulliiog
ip cried out altera
"0,^e peojileof
ft for what I hare
n I gave you aucli ;
]y alaytbK w> iniiujr
nie. Whcrefor« •
I perfidiouaiie»>i uf
ler a moat uicked
1. 1 wilt therelore
y mine own hands;
ly the band of our
tion be to inc. holh
inieH, and a tesli-
jinnieiidBtioii, liiat
have it to bnig ol,
id no one may in-
when he had Haid
lu upon hh family,
and of ra);e; (thai
I children, ami liis
t place, he caugiit.
and ran Ilia anurd
le (lid the 8ani« la
eived it; and after
wife and chilrlrcat
heiuaelvea tu hit
being alainliy their
B over all his fuiui-
a Iq be aeeii by all,
ind, that hl« actiou
aheathed his entire
Tliia young man
' the alrength of lii«
soul; but aince he
fidelity [against his
deacrvcdly.
t Scy'thopolis, the
the Jews thai were
on slew two thoo-
B of rioleinaii tlfo
thn.i.and. and ml nnl » f. w ml., b.nil.; tii..', , Hi.> .»r«. Itiil .nil .nMihii. ,,.T|wlu»lly •".«<
of Ve »l-" pit a Kteal nui.dMr to .Lull., i.i.t I w.lb rti. tir.. i.,„.; iiint idlh.., Ii the Koverm.r,
kL a err., r'l umlMt i" .-r,..-..; t*^.... r,ll...« , did . vt; da* yum'h n » -I H.mi,, ,.l did h.
nP l!,»". .ml lt.i. ^iml.irfa .li.l 111. I.I. , .e.litlon.nr,.,* «.,f« j l.i.t i.t Ihi* « ; ,|».l»)ly,
■ ■ 'I ■ ■ ■•" •),, IhiIiI. .1 Ml ll...l.>V«,l
whil.' ill. I put l<> '<<'<lli ■'>
but ki'pt'th'ii"' of nhi.iii lli'V
cikIikIv; "• ilid the r.«t of (lie .Ml" ol ^•.^rll.
BicnfiiiK at Ih. V en fy "M.' nth. r halvd (ii.lii,
or w«.r.- afrmd uf thfllii uilb the Al.tio. liluiia.
llie SliliiniBii". and A|iiiiiiiiMi«, «puiii| tlm-c that
ilvv.'ll with Iheiii, and wii.iM mil •■mliire lilliir
III kill imy 'il III.' Jvw«, orl'i p>il II.ki.i m li^ifl*.
Ami pirliiips ill.) -pai.il lli.iii, ImiiU" lb. ir
i.wn liiiinli.'r was ».i t'leiil that tliij .f<-pi-e.l
III) ir Rill iiipK; birt 1 Uimk ibe Btriiili»l part of,
lhi» f.mir WMH o«ing li> tbiir n^iinu-i ruliiMii'l
lliiiH' (\hiini th»v "BW lifc iiiiike nil iiimnuliiini.
.\« fiif the tlrrii»i'M«, Ihiv iliij »» bar"' '<> •'"'■"'
ihni abode with Ibeinj yi'nd r.i|Mli.'uie wbii bud a
niimi logo UHin, lliiv I'lindui'U'^f tKeiii ua fi»|t' UK
ihl ir Imrili-rn ri'Mcbi-.l.
whin ill. I. Win lniiiiilt< in oiliir plmea alao. .
H. re 'atraiil in i llie ili.ur I. r« ii(ii.iii[{ llinii «. ri put iiil.i a Rreater
II. nil : fr whin lb.' Abs.iii'ln.i.'i Iih.I once
publii' n><iinbl\ , III dililiir.ile alioul an rmbiva-
aiiKi' the) M.r. •.-mliiiic In iNirn, a iCMal nuiiibrr
nrJiM'iaiue lliii kiii» In tKe Ibiaire Init when
Iheir ailtii>iiili> naw ill. iii, ib. y iiu.iie.llBli ly
Cri. d mil, I.I..I I'lilled III. in llliir eniniiea, and
ai.i.l lb.> laiiii' a> npji < iip'iii till III; upon wliii h
Ibey rnili.ll oiil, ami laid vMilent haiioa npiin -
Ihl in; "lid ii« t'lr llie t.«I iI.iv were abiiu at
Ihiy 11(11 aiuiy, bill lln re «. r.' llif..' u\< ii wliniii
Ibev C'.i/.lil/iiMil li.iiibil limn iiliMig, in nrili r In
lii.\r III. Ml bnriil t.liu ; but all Hie Jew. laiiui
in a biiiU III ilil'i'iiil Ih. Ill, Willi ul liral llinw
• lAlw;iiit III.' (iieciail", bill all. r lh.ll lb.) Link
biinji(e,'nml rii.lml wilh n..l.'nie iiitn the theatre,
und ihiiiileiiiil lliil lli.y miiiM burn the people
III •^uii^K; (lud llin they bii.j .Il 111 ilojie, iinl. ".
■rill. nl»« Abxamlir. lln' t,">v'' riinr of the cily,
bud r.alraiiied Ittrir pa«iini4. However, thi»
iiiaii dill liiil Infill III ti'iiib 111! Ill wiadoni by
ariiK, bill m ul aiiiiiiii; ih.iu priinl.ly ^oiiieof the
priii.:ipal men, ami llii iiby eiilr. .led lb. in In be
ipiiil, and not prnvnke llie Hniiiiu army HKaiiial
ibeui; but llie miliuniis made ii Ji i-l nf ibe en-
Inuljea of Tiberiut, ami rl prnin bed him lor so
diiiiig. ■-'.•'
II. JViiw when be perceivrd Ihal lbii«c wt")
(Vi re Inr iniinialinii» H'liidd iml lie pa.itie.l till
.lime glial iHlamity •hniild ij\.rl;ike iheiii.' be
>. Ill lint upon llieiu thnlie IWii llniiiaii li gioiu
Ibiil w.ri' 111 the lily, ami lni;i til. r wilh lb. in
livi' thoii-aiid oilier mdili. r», wlin liv i Iniii.e went
ciiiii.' loiiilliir mil nf l.ilija, |.i id.' luin of the
Jeivi. 'I'bev "I re al«i( p.TUiill. I mit.inly tnkill
tlieni, but to pluuili r tin in mnli.il lliey bad, and
In HI lire III Ihl ir bnu-e*. 'l'lii>^' mil.liera rnBbeil
vii.liiitly into Ibal pari nf the. cily that waa called
Di'lta. ivh. re the Jewiih pr.ipli' bved liigelher, :
*iinil dill as ibey were bidd llinugli nntwilbout
bl.iiiil.biil nil Iheir own siile i.l«n; for ibe Jewa
!;iit liir.tbiT, iiml hcI lbn»e llial wire the be.l
urmtd aiunii'^ llieiii in the fnrefiniil, and nindo
re^i-lami' for u.gient while; but ubin oii.e they
g:i\.' back, liny Hir.> di .Ir.neil uumetiifully,
mill Ibis their ilestruclinii was cniuplile, »nni.r
I), iiif; . ai^'bt in Ibe niien field, and ulliirn fnrcid
into tlirir bnuncK, ivliicb bnuses wen- lirnl plun-
d. red of ivbat was in them,* ami ihin m t nn fire
by the Knnians; wherein nn, nieriy wu* allow n
In Ibe infaiilK, and no rcnaid bad In tlic a(,'edj
but Ibey weal on in Ibe «biiiRlili r nf pi rsniia nl
every iif;e, till all lb.' place Han nverllnWed with
lilunil, ami fifty Iboushiid nl'ibeiii lay .bad upon
heaps; nnr bad the ri uiiiimli r In eii preserved
had they ii.il belakeii thi ulsi Ives In supplication.
So Alenaiiiler cnuiUiis' riile.t their cniidilinn, and
gave onlers tn the UniiniH In ii lire: iicrnrd-
iiucly, these beinK: incuslniiieil In obey onlers,
left olf killinir allhe lir-l iiitiiiiaiinu; but the po-
pulace nf Alexandria bur.' »n \< ry \(Tiat hatred
lo the Jews, that it was ililliiiilt to recall them,
nnd it »yas a hard thing In iiuike lliein leave their
dead bodies.
9. And Ibis was tlie miserable calaniily which
II. "liiere was n|sn a pint biid, agailisWbe J<"«
Agripija'a kiiigilnui;' fiir be «u» liiin«ilx K"!"'
„;Cesliu*<bdlu-. to Aiittnili, but bad b It nlii' nf
his cninpaninus, whnse miiiie ua» Nnariis, tn lake
riir.' of the p.iblii' allairs; Hliiib N.iaru/. W.n 'if
kill In king S.ib.iiius.* ' NniV Ibi r. cajiie cirliiin
men, aevinty in nuinlM-r, mil nf Ibiliniia. wIm
were the imisl cnU'idi iaide fur lb. ir lliinilii\J and
pruileme of Ihe rest nfllii pnnili ; ll.v.e lU-fnil
In have an nruiv put iiiln lli.ir bamls, llml if inly
luumit >hnul.r b.ip|iiu, liny iul»,'lil have alimd
llieiii a guard sulbiient In n sirain ancli iia iiii|tlil
rue up agaiH.t llniii. 'rbis-Nnarus^eiil nut snjii.'
of the kiuK's iirmeil iiieii by iii;rbt, liml slew nil
llinse [leveiily i iiieii; « liicbbnld'aitimi be iiii-"
liTid iipnn w'illiniil llie ciiiisi lit nf Altrippa, iiiid
rtin »mli a Inviriif luniiiy. tliiil he clinse In l>.'
•n wicked In bis nwn i miiitrj m. ii.iidtliiiuuli lie
briiUL'lit ruin oil the kinn^iiu Ihl iilVv ; ami tlms
cruellv did be treat ibiil iiiilinii.niiil ibiscniilrarv
In the' laws iil<n, iiiitil A!!,vippa ivi|s iiitinnieil nl
it, wliii did nut imleed dare In put liim linlealb,
out of regard to Snheiiiin; but i-till be iiut an
end to his prncnrutorsliii) inmnillatl ly. liul as
In Ihe sedilioiis, ih.-y Ini* the iilj(.'.i I whiib was
called Cv pros, and win alinve Ji rlclin, ami cut
-tlic thrnath 111 the garrl-nii, and ullirly ileiun-
lished the fori ifical ions; lliis w;is al I the same
lime ibiil the nmlliluile of lb.' Jn\s tiial Mere
nt R^ai'hufus persuaib il llie Hii'iiaiis « In were
in garrbaift ln.lea\'i' the plai'if, mill ileliviT (I H)i
to Ihein. Tbise l!omaiis liflir.; in );iiiit f. nr, list
. Ihe place shnnld be liiki u by fmie. iinide ail
affrceinenl wilb tliem to depart upon c. riaiii con-
ditiona; and when liny bad nlilaiiiid the s.cjiri-
ly ihey diaired, Ibey (b livi red up Ih.; ciladel,
- iale wliicli Ibe people of .Marlicrns piil a nani-
»on for their own security, uud bi M it in tlicir
own piiwcr.
7. But for Alexandria, Ibr aiilition of Ibe peopb'
of the place ngiiiiiat the Jiwa was pirpilual, and
this from that very time win n Alexander [the
(ireat,J upnu fyiilin^ the leadiuei-s of llicb ivs ill
amisting bim. ngainit the Kgyplians, ami as a
reward for such their nsdslaiicje, gave Iheiu eipial
privilege* in ibis cily vvith (be (iiicians llieiu-
selves. Which hoftor'ary reward continued uriiouK
them tinder his successors, who also set apart
for them a pnrliciilar place,- that they iiii!;lit , ■ - ,,
lire wlthonl being polluted [by the (lentibs,) I nt this time bef.ll ihc J. us at Alexamlria. Ilere-
aiid were lbe.reby iint ao iiincli int. rmixid wilb I upnu (.'eslius lhnu};bt hi im Iniiger tn lie flill,
foreigners as before: Ibey also liave lliem this [ while the J.ws w.re evi ry win re uii in arms; so
further privilege, that tbev shnnld b^- called Ma- | he look out of Ami. ■ ii the Iwilllh IiKinn entire,
cedoniaiis. ^nv, wben lUie Houm%BOl posses- I and out of each nf llie n si be Belicled two llinu-
siou of Kgvpl,'ni ilbe?lhe;first Ca*sar, nnr anv Hand, with six cnbmlM.I Innlinen, and four troops
nne that caiiic Rller him, Ib'ougbt of liiiuini.-bing | of horsemen, bisiiiea llmse nuxdiariea uliicli-
Ihe honora which Alexander had bestowed on I were sent by the kiiiirs; of which Anlinchust
* Of this Soliemiis we have niCnlioii iiiailc liy Tapilns. 1 t Hpanlieiui nines on Ihe p^ace, that Ihls latter Aniln-
' Wc also h'lirn froiu Dio, that Jii^ father waa kliiB Of lhi;{ ehus, win" wiis nilliil Hjiiiiliiinri. is iiirnlioneil hy Ilio,
.Araliiaiis of Itureai whli-h Hiirea in nicniionert l>v [HI. i Ht. paje I!!.'., :iiii| tl:^t I e is PieiiiH.ucil Iv Jo«eiihii»
l.nke, iii. 1.^ holh, wliose iiNluiioiiiia arc quoU'd here elaewhere twice alMoyfi. v. ell. xi. sect. 3, and Antiq. t>.
by Dr. Iludeun. Sjjc iyililius. NO- Kft. ,» [ ilv. ch. viii. sett. 1/
^'
2 Q'
. L.
^t:
471
WARH or TIIK JKWH;
r: p
•cut two ihimtond hor«*MHB. miil •liff' •*""••
rjttul IWoiuun, willi «• nimiy iir«h.r«i «ii<l AuniH
iM Kilt the >iiin» iiuinlwr n1 f'.ritiiirii. hihI »«n«
Iti.iuxiiwl liKMriiiril! S.ihi imimil.o foUowi'l *»ltn
four |Im,ii..ui<I, i> lliinl !""« -Ixrrof »'"■ ""'"\
mill, liiil iii"«< P'lft «<■" iirilH t», mi'l thin <li'
li« iii»r< li t" I'tulriimi.. I'll, r* wi r^ hUo ff'M
nnrolrrr. ..f «tt»Ht»riM jsntKrid luiiilhtr !».>tii
lira [ir.rl ■ ilir«. wlio iM'lx'l hii.) 11..I llm •"H"'
•kill lU iii.iftit.1 iirrmr.. I.lil >U: ii|t III lli'ir rtlnc-
rilv mill III lli'ir lirttml to tlii J«w» i*n»« "'•)
«f«lil»l ill -kill. Till"' CM»- iil'ii iil'iiiK *'««
OiliiK, Atrlplm liiiiinrlf, Imlh u« i«({iiiil« In hl«
rain li w.f lira .uiinlo. '""' » di".. l.>r what wm
At III li«i iliiiici »o Ci-liiw tniik piirt "I lii« f irr««,
mill miirchul lui.lit) i<. /iiliiil.iii. li -lri.ii|{ iity <.l
(iKlilit .kIm'Ii <*"■> '•"'!"' "•« cilK<fmi:ii, mill <ll-
viili-ii tlic cuiinlry «<f I't'il'iiiHiii rn.iii mir iiiitniii:
tliia lie r<Mii"l ili"«rliil liy it* men. tl" iiiullUinU'
hi»viii)r llfil to till' iii.iiHHiiiiK, but full of »ll iHirt*
ofKuoil ihiiiKni thmi- Im K'"" f«"'T '" ,"!'' ""V
difM III iiluiuliT. Hiiil «. t lir. Ill till' 111) . iilthouKh
iHvii. of iiilniiriililii luiiiiiy, mi'l lim) il» hou-m
liuilt Ilk* llioM! Ill 'I'yrr, iiiiil ,Siili>m unci lUryliu.
AliiT till* liiiunrrltu nil tlm lomilryi iiiiil ««;i"<l
upiin wliiiliiKiKT ciiinit III 111- wiiy. iiml "I Hrr. to
the villiiKPt Ihiit wi're louml uhiiiit llii ni, iiiiil
llirn reliirnetl tii I'loliiimU. Bui uluu tlir Sj-
riMia, mill c.piilally tli.i.r I'f Itii) ln«. wn'
bu«y in iiliiiiiUrind;, tin' Ji"* |)iil|i'l ui) tlii:ir
• ,ro«rtiK<' H]!.M». fcir lli'V Ijmw Unit < '"liu" "H»
rctirwl, mill 1*11 ii)>"'> Hi'""- thut win! li 11 luliiui
Uiirxixctcilly, suit iU»truj('<l about twu tliouwiiul
of tbc'lll. ,, . 1 r
10. Ami nuw Criliin liinmilf nmri'lieil li'oin
rioleiuuii, mill cmiiu lo Caniiron; Imt hi mnt
imrt ofliin uriiiy l)«for.' Iiiui I.I J.'i|i|m. Diiil«iive
orclt)r, timt il' tli< V couM liikr lliiil 1 ily [by niif-
nri»<-,l lliiy nhoulJ i"'ip i«i but Hint in c»»o tin-
ciliii^nn iihould prrifivf llii'y «" ''•^ imiiinK t"
»tl«rk ttiiiM, Ihttt Ihry Ihfii .boulil stiiy fcr him
liiiil for tli« rctt of the iiriiiy. S.i loiiiu of llinii
nmdfi a briilt niarrb by tlie iiea»iil«. mi'l »oiiii by
Unci, Hffil »o coininp upon tliiiii on both iiiili*,
they took the cHy with ia»<>; ami an the inlmlii-
(antt liail mad*' no provi.ion olDr.liiind for a
fliftht, nor hail Rotten any thin(i; nady fur fittlit-
IHK, the toldifri till U|ion thViii, ami "liw tliiiii
til, wilb thtir fiiiuilii*, and thin pliimlirid ami
burnt the lUty, The nuniber of ,lh« i-Iaiii win
eiicht thoO»and four lii»iidr<il. ' In ll|i« ninnmr
C«iitiu« tent also a coii^iiU'rablc boily of b"/"'-
men to the toparehy of Niirlmtcni', that iidjoiiinl
to Cimartn, who dulroyid tlii! lomitry. and nli w
• irreal multitude of iU iiiopl.:; they aljo plun-
dered what they had, and burnt (In ir villaKH.
11. But Cintiui sent liallus, the roinniandrrol
the twelfth legion, into (iidilee, niiil di livrrid to
him a<l many of his iVircis u* he mipposed diilVir
. cieiit to-wibdni! that nation. Mr uim reiiived
by th««troiiBei!t city of (.ialilee, »vhich wan Si;|i.
pborifi with acclamations iil joy, which wi»e
eottduct of that city oicanioned tho rr«t of the
eitiM to be qutet ; while the iieditioi)S part of the
robberi ran awav to that inouittain which iw> in
' the very middle'of tialilce, and is iituuted over
■eainiit Sepplioriii; it in called A.anion. So Gal-
lua brouirbt his forces nKainiit them; but while
those men were in the superior parts abovu the
Romans, they cnsUy threw their darts upon the
Romans, as they made their approaches, ajiil
* Here we have an eminent example of that Jewish
laniuaie, wliiHi Pr. Wall truly fll»«rvcs. wo wvcral
llinci find used in the sarreil writimis ; I iiii;mi where the
wordsdlf or wkola multUiule, A.e. are imMl tur much the
ercatest part only ; but not so ns to '"<■''>''« e»"ype'»"»
wiihoiitixreplion ; for when Josephiis hail said that the
whole niultilndc [all the nialen) of Lyilila were none to
the feast of Inheriinchw, lie iinmeillately ailils, that, how-
ever, no fewer than fifty of them n|i|)earo<l, and were !
•lain liy the Kommis. Other ejamplesHiomewliat like
this I have o'.iscrved CIsewliCTC in Jo»i;phus, Inil, n» I :
think, iioiiesii rcmarkahle as this. Hee Wall's Critiral ,
Obiervatlons 011 the Old Tcstaiuqut, p, 4», 00.- We have I
•lii«r#5iut twiihundr»d«f llieni: but when the
lioinuiis hud Konii Miind th'i< umunlaius, and
were Kolli 11 liKo pHrl< allot ■' ihrir eiH uims,' the
olhirs were •iMjnbi all 11, nor rould they who hwi
only Htshl aruMir on, su-Uiii the fiino of ihi in
thai foii»lit thrill aniii il all o»er; nor when tliejt
were biutrn c.iii|d liny e«ci((i« ihe eneui) •
1. ._. . ...I. iliul ..itltf. ..Kftllitt (I'lW i'llrti
horMuien: iinomii.h, that only. mine fi w 1 en.
cealed ihinixlies in Certain places hard to hf
roiiir at, nUionK the iiiounlaiMS, while the rr«l
ubu\e two Ihunaand lit auniber, were slain.
CIIAI- XIX.
Ifhal rriliiii dii amiinil Hit Jfifti and how
uuiin hit hiiitrliiK Jiruiattm, ht ritrtalidfru*
tht i'ilg, vilhoul 0111/ jn»< (itraihn in /*»
lynrlJ.' .'Il aim f'l'i' '< i'*" <.'o/iimWi«» A« ««•
iiTWtnl from lltt Jtwi in hit retrtal.
J 1. AM) now dullu", «ein(( iiolhini niorp
that looked liiwiirds nn Innovalion in (lidilei . re
turiiid with hi.. «riii\ III ('n-areu; Imt (,V«liii«
reniov. d with hit « hole army, and marched to
Antipulris. And »vlien he was iiilViriiied Ihal
iheVe Hiis a Rriat ^^)dy of Jewidi forcis niillen
tiiMlhtr ill Kiirlain liiwer rallid Aphik,lii: m'iiI
a unrly livf.ire In finlit llieiii; hut this parly dn-
p^f.ed the Jews by nnVlKhliiiK them before it
liiiiii- loa liiiltle; wi Ihi v'caiiie, and finding their
Ciimn de«i rieil, they hlii'iit il, lis will as the ullf
L'e. Ihiil lav about it. But uhenX'esliinhild iiiarih-
,1 iVioii Aiitip.itri» to l.idila/he ruliiid the 1 il)
.■■..'_ .. r ._ ji'... ...1/
eiuplv of ils men, f.ir IliM w
eilipiv "1 ,n ill, li, >>. ' •• ..'■- ....T
Umii liploJerusiileiii III Ihe ft-astol taberniicle.;'
yet dill he lll^s^rlly liliy of
thenisi Ues, and burlil the e
nie niullitude wire
those that slmivtil
nd so niarchiil
ihe eijy,
f.irwaids; and asrendin|; i^y, Belh-heroii, he
pilchi d hi* camp at 11 rerlaii»\plaie called Ouban.
lil'ty fiirloiiKs distuiil from Jerusalem.
i. But a« for the JeWs, whek lliey »nw the war
appniuchiiiK to their milroiWit. they left llie
fi':ii.|. and betook themselves |o tlieir acms: nad
lHkin|5 connive k" ally from\ their multitiiili',
Vvint in a sudden and disorderly manner to ll'.e
liulil, with n Rreat noise, and viithout any cousi-
deration had of the rest of lh«l seventh day, al-
llioi|.,'h the Sabbath was the dkv to which thfV
had the greatest re(;iirdi hut ihat rage w Inch
hiade llieni forRi t the rellj!louJ, observation [ol
till' iSnbbath] made them too hiihl for their ene-
milt in the fight: with such violence therefore
did they fall upon the Komans, ak to break into
their ranks, and lo march throuih the nmlst of
llif lakini? a great slnugliter as\they went, in-
soinach,that qnlets the horsenicn, and such parts
of the foulmeii as were not yet tired in the ac-
tion, had wheeled round, amfsucci'ired that part
of Ihe ariiiy which was not yet broken, Ccstiuj.
with his whole army, had been in dhnger: how-
ever, live hundred and fifteen of }he Romans
were slain, of which numlier four himdred were
footmen, and the rest hornemen. while the •[; »»^
lost only twenty-two, of whom the n^ost valiant
were Ihe kinsmen of MonobniiH king of j\dial)f lie.
and their naiiies were Monobaius and f^eneileiis ;
and iie!it to them were Niger of Perea,,and !;;o|t»j„,
of Uabyloli, who had deserted fronikingj Agripi)«/=^
to the' Jews, for he had formerly serrt d m liis-^
army. When the front Of |he Je#i»h ajtnyMH •
been cut off, the Jews retirell' into the «ity; lait
still Simon, the ton of Giiira, fell lipon the backs
of the Romans, at they were aicendingup Btth-
alsn in this and the rent aeflion two eminent farts [o I"
ol.served, viz. the first esaniplo that I rcinenilier In Jose
uliiin, of the ontcl of the Jews'enemlet ii|ioii their roun
try wlHMi their males wcie aoiie up to Jerusalem to one
of Ihclr three Siirred fesliviilx, whirh, duiiiia the tliiw
rary, tiod had promised to preserve Ihem from, Kmw-
iixslv.34. The scrond fait is this, the hrearh of ihr
BaWiatli hythe seditious Jews in nooffensive fiphli""';
trary to the universal doltriiie and practire of their
nnllon In these aRes, and even roiitrary to what thejr
thnmselves afterward prailiwid in llic rest of th" war.
Scetlioiiotoon Antiii. b.xvl.ch.ii.acct 4.
i
: hut whrn lh«
IIIIMllllBltk*! Hltll
ir rmiiiiiK,' iIm'
III llicy whet hwl
V fiin'o i>r lti< III
imr wlifii Oitf
fic III)' <'n«m) >
.mini' fiw cuK'
lc*« ti«rit to til'
wtilli' the rttt
ittt' •lain.
JitMi nnii A»i/'
ht rttrialiit/ru*
(trciiiiim in Iki
t'aliimUiilht IM-
rtlriiil,
K iiolliiiiE iiinrn
nil ill tiuliln . ri-
Tu; lull (.V»liO«
, mill nmrchi'il til
■a iiilViriiiril llmt
>mIi fiir<-i> i^iillrn
III Aphik.lii: triit
III lliia (iiirly <l»-
K tlii'iii livfiirc It
■till Aiiiliii|{ tlicir
I will intlir nll.t-
!i'>liiii hililiiinriii'
II' Viiliiiil till' I'll)
u iiiiiltituilr Hirn
■tiirialieriini'lrii*
iimi' tlittt •liiiiviil
I mill no iiinn'liiil
, Ui Ih-liiroii, III!
iiii'u Riilli'd Ciubu'i,
■nlriii.
Ihev »nw tl»' war
nlii.'tlit'r li-fi the
\o tliiir aciiii' ""■'
\ ihi'ir iiiiiltlliiili'.
My iimnucr to tl'.n
liithoiit any cuiiii-'
i^teveiith ila)r, ul-
ilty tp which thfv
ilmt rage w|iii:K
111 oliHrrvutlnii [»l
hiihl fur their I'lu-
yiilcnci; thcrcfiire
, ut to hrc'ok into
rough tli« niiil't u(
r H^thi'y wi'iit, in-
icii, anil Mich |>arl>
,ct tlreil in the ac-
aurc^reil that part
ct hriilien, Ccstiuj.
n in (IhiiBir: hmv-
■n of Jhn Kiinian*
four himdriilwcri!
■n. while the Ji »»
II the li^ost valiant '
nkiiiBof AilialH'ne.
luii iinil Kcnedeim;
of Perea.lanil Silm
froniking(A|{rip|)«/
iicriy Hern (I In lii»-^
:K Ji-«ii<h Bitiiy •**<'■ '■
I'iiito lhc*\ty; Iwt
foil irpon the hark)
afcendingup Btth-
«ro eminent fart* toll*
at I reinenilier In Jose
iinleaiiiiontlicirroMn
1)1 to Jc-riiaaleni to one
tirh, duriii!! llio tlicor
rvclhem from, Kxroi.
IiIk, till! Iiri'urli of ilir
inoflentivefinlit.ron-
iiml practire of their
oiitrary 10 what thef
1 the re«|t of tliia w»t.
il.iCct 4. .
R)OK II -CHAP. %n
tn
linfon. ami put Inr hinilerninti of Ihr army Inlii
lijionlrr, ami larrirj uK jiiaiiy iif lh« liriul* thai
nrrixl ihr i«<>a|iiin< of war,, ami liil lh< hi into
iht rity. ItuI aa C'mIIh* tarrinl ihrre Ihrr*
•la)l. llm J«wt laiiail upon the rlrtnlnl part* of
lh« I'ilyi an>l •• I watrliea At lln riilranri'a into
lliarily.anil apiirarrd oprnly n notitit not In rrti,
when onre Ihr Hoinana •hoiitil lirittn lo tiiarrh.
3. Aiiit now whf-n A|(rippa ohM f»fit ihRt iiwil
(h« alfkira of the K<Hi«anii tvrrr Ilk' I) to lia in
ilnnKrr, whlln •tirli an iiiinifiiai' iintllitint* of
Ihcir inrniir* hail keiiril upon iIk' iiiouiilnina
roanilaliiiul, he ilitrriuinail In try »hiit the Jrwa
»iiuM aitrie In hy ttnril', na idinkinx that he
■hiiiilil lilhvr |N'rauiiili' ihi'ni all to ilcaiat friiiii
IlKllliiilt. or, howi'Vrr, that he ahoolil railae llie
aolirr pari of tin in In arparali' Ibriiiaeltca frnin
th^ iippuaile party. Sii lie i>rnt lliirreut anil
I'hi'l'iia, the piraona of hia piirly thai were the
ln>|ll known to tlieiir. anil itriiniiaiil Iheni, that
(Valiua •houlil Ki\e ihini hia riK'H hiitul, lo ae-
r|irr thrni of the Koniana' entire forKiviiiraa of
«f(iiit they huil done aiiiiiia, if they wiiulil throw
(way their arnia, and miue over to them; lint
he •rdilloiia, fiiirinK liat the nhole iiiiillltudi',
/in ho|H.'a of teriirily In iheintulvi «. ahiinid |:n
' onr til Arrippn, reanlvid iniineilinlely to fall
ii|Hin iiml kill ih ' aiiiUnaaiidon: Hrrnrdlii^^ly tln/y
kirw I'heliua lii'fnri' he aaiil a word, liiit llnrceua
waa only wnnndi'd, and an privenltd hia fate liy
living away; and when the prnple were m ry an-
f(ry at thia, they had the aediliiiua liriilru yvilli
Monra and clulia, and ilrove tlietu hrrnre lliein
into (lie city.
■I. Itnt now Ceatint. olnervinjf that (he dialitr-
liani-ii that were liej^un nniniiK the Jetva nlTnrilid
h ni a proper oppnrliinilv to attack tlii'in, look
hii wholearniy ailing with hiiii.nnil put (he Jewa
In IliKlit, and pnraiied them to Jiruaalcni. Ih-
Ihrn pitched hit camp upon the eli'valioii called
Sciiplia, for watch-lower,') which wna iliitant »e-
vrn fiirlonKa frnni the rity ; yet did he (jijt aaaiiiilt
Ihrin in three ilaya' liiiie, out of expeclalion Ihal
thnte within lui^ht perhnpa yield ii little; and in
the mean tjnic he aent out a f;rea) ijiiitir of hia
toli.lirra into the neiKhlmriiii; villnKl'a, to aeire
it|inn their corn. And on the fnurlli duv, which
waa the thirlieth of the month ilypi'i'i>ere(eua
[Tiari,] lyhen he had pnt hia arniv in .'irrny, he
brouf;ht it into the rily. Now (or the people,
they were kept under hy the aedilioiia; liiit the
acililioila theuiaelvea were Krently ntrri)(liled at
the good order of the Ronintia, niid retired froiii
the auburha, and retreated into the Inner part of
the city, and into the temple. Hot win n ('eatiiia
waa come into the city, he ait the part culled
Betciha, which ia nlad called rennpolla, [or the
new city,] on fire; as he did aUn t.i the timlier
niArkel: aflqr which he came liiln lite, upjn'r
ritv, and pitched hia camp over nsiiiniit the roynl
palace; and had he but at tliia very time ntt<'nipt-
eil to pet within the walla hy liiri-e, he had won
the city preaentiv, nnd the war hid lieen put an
end to at once; liot Tyi'nnniua I'riarua, the tnua-
ter-ninater of the army, and n (^rent number of
the cfficcrt of the horae, had been corrupted by
^.KIoruB, and diverted him from that hia attempt;
and that was the ocraaion that this war lasted so
very long, and thereby the Jews were involved in
•Hch incurable calamities.
5. In the mean time ninnv of the principal
men of the rity were persuaded by Anahua, the
* There may another vary Important and very prnvi-
d«nllal reason lie here naaii;iteil Tor this atrnntc anil fool-
ish retreat of reatiiia; wtiii-h,{f Jo^ephiia limltieen now
a Chrlatian.hc Ini^ht prnlinlily linvi' tnki'ii iintire of also;
linil that in tlin ntTnrilint (he Jeniah Chrislbns In tlic
rity an opiwrluiiily of rnHiiin lo iiiimi the preillrtion anil
csatlon Eiven llicni hy (Christ alniit thirty-three and a
half years liefore, that irA^n *H^tf«haulftietitheahomi-
aiittiia ii/ifMufiiri'i)R[tlie iilalalroita Roman armies, with
the imanes of Iheir iilols tii ihc-ir ensigns, ready to lay
JarusaUm deiolate] ttantl inhere it tught ntl, or in tht
tan of Jonathan, and intili;i> rrallni iiiln lh«
city, and t«rri uIkmiI to npeii the KHira for him,
hut he overlnnked ihia ntfrr, |«trlU nut of hi* ■■
(rr It the Jiwa. and partly lieCanae h* ilwl n,>t
Ihnrrtuichlt beliftr they were in earnest; whenc*
ilwaalhiti hrililiiyed the matter an liinB, thai '
Ihe aMlitinna periii\iil (he triach<ry, ainrihraw
Ananita and Ihnae of hia party dnwn I'rnin ill*
m)t,nnd prhi«K thenl wiihainnt a. drove them in-
to their hnuars; liul ihry adinil (hi ina< Ki a nl IKO-
p*r dialancrainthi' |iiMe'ra,and threw (heir dart*
at Ihnaf (hat wire geltintr over \\w wall. Thiit
did (he llnmiiiia imiie llirir iitdii k nKninat lh«
wall Inr fite ilnya, but l.i tin pi,r|i lae; but un the '
n*)tl day, Cealtin took a good many of hi*
rhniceal men, and with ihi lu (he nn-hera.and al>
lemptrd (n bri nk Into the li uiple nl (he niirllieni
iiiiarler of i(: hn( the .Icwa beat Iheiii n/l Inxit
the chii<(i'ra, and repiilaid them ariernl liiiieit
when Ihiy nrri' i;iil(en near (o (he wiill, (ill at
length Ihe milllitiide of (he diiria cut them niTi
and niiide (hi in re(ire; lint (he Krai rank iif the
Koniiina rrateil (lieir ahlrlila iiimn (he wall, nnd
ao dill (hnse Ihal wi re behind triint, and the like
diil'thoae (hn( Were alt 1 1 iiinrr ImckHiird, ami
t;uni'deil thmiaelvea nilh wha( (hi v cull 'I'l adido,
Uhe back of { a (iirlni-i'. iipmi nliiib the ilarts .
(hat Here thrown fell, iind abiled off «i(lioul
lining (hem aiiy hiii-iti; an (hi aolilii ra nnibruiiiied
(he Willi, widiDiK bi-iu? (hetiMi-lvia linr(, iiinl got
III! t'dii|;a riaily fnr ai King ftre In (In ga(e id thu
tiinpli'.
1). And iiniv it was llmt ■ httrhble lent' ai itrd
itpiiii (he aeditinua, inaomiich that many nf (hmv
ran out of (he citv, aa (l>oU|,th i( weriv In be (ti-
ki li Immedialrty: bii( (hi' people lipoll (hia (nok
courage, nnd where )lir wii-kid' par( of (he city
|.';aiv grouitd, (hithi r did (Iny riiiiie in order (u
Kit oiien (he gii(ea. and (n nilmi( Cxliita aa (heir
benefactor, who, had he but cnnlinued (he aitK*
a lillb' lunger, hud cirlniidy tiketi (he city; but
it Wiia, I aiippiiae, owing (n (he jiverajon tinil bud .
alriiiily at the city* and (he aiinctiniry, (hat he
waa hitnlered Trnni pnttingnnend to the war that
very day.
7. it then happened that Ceatina was hot ctin-
scions litlier hnw.the beaieged ileapaind bf aiic-
II aa, nor how coiirnginna the peopU' wire for
him; and ao he recalled hia S'ddiera friilii the
pliice, nnd laa' diapnireng nf any expectnii m of
(nkiiit; it, wit)inu( having receivrd iihy di''grii.'e,
he relirnil from the city, without nny reiKimiii
the wnrM. Ilut it hen ilie rolilii ra perci Ivid (hia
uni'Xpeclcd relreat nf hia, thev rinumi d their
courage, and rmi iiftrr the hinder pnrta of hia
army, nnd des(nit eil a conaiilirable numlM'r of •
both (heir horaenien nmrfiin(n>i ii: and now Cet-
tins lay all night at (he cauip which wai at Sco-
pus, nnd aatie went oil" fnriher nexttliiy, he thi re-
by invited (he I'neuiy to fidlniv him, w ho i(ill fell
upon (he hlnilinnal, and ileatrnVed them; they
niao fell upon the Hank on each aide of the army,
and threw diirla upon Iheni iiblii|uely, nor ilnrat
those that were hindcruioat (urnlmcli upon those
who wnnuded them bi hind, as imagining"'lhat
Ihe inultitude of those that purined thetti wna
rimmcn''e; nor did they venture to drive away
1 those that presaed upon (hem ijii each side, be-
I caiiac Ihey were hcitvy with (heir nrma, nnd
were nfraiil of breaking their rnnli«to piicia, ituil
I because they saw the .lewa were light, ninl nady '
I for making incursions upon them. And this was
I koJiiptar.f^Qiwhenthe}ifthi»ifif nee JfrutaUmtnrowpn!l'
\ iie.'l with arniies^ they shniitd (hen jlv (ofhf mntinliiinii, .
By eoniplylnK with which tlnae Jewish Clirisliana flei|
to tlrentonnttiinsorreren.andearfiiwdttiiaiti'Htriirtlon
i Pofll.heral .*frotn|ihof Propli.|i,r>'t,7ll. Nor waa tiiere,
I perhaps, anv one instaiu'eof n more unpntllir, hut morn
proylijendat, ronditit, ( lin n 1 1; la retreat of Cesl iitsvisllilo
I diiriiK lh|s whole alcje of Jerusuletn ; whirli yet waf
I providentially aiirlt it irrfut trihulatiati^ag had not been
Ifrontliebeirinninjr^af the ir.irld to tfiut timt: n0 nar
I (r«r «/i»hU »<: Il'iil. p. 7(1,71.
4M
111* «in"n *•!) 'lie RomiM •.<*•»•<( K^olly.
wllluiiil l<*inn •'•'• '•» f'V'ftC »'"m«»l»|"« "I""*
(Il*ir »n»iiiiM;i> l!'*) w'" •»"•■'! "" "T "">■
•iwt )k> ir riii.k4 wi r. p.H ml > ill«i.r"tf'. »'»> «|""'«
Ihiit «»•»» lliiH P"' ""' <'' 'h*'' ""«''• *"" ,•'"'";
■nibiiK *•♦'•"• w" '■"•'"•. «••" •"""•t"'"'" "'
Uie .rill" U!£i"M. •ml I..."«m«» »t>»' in!"!"' ■ •»'!
Kiiiiliu* HirWHiliu, ill" i<.iniiHiMit4r iif ■ iPiop 'ir
li.)r>»iii< II .'«" "I *'■• »"• »'•'"'"' •'"••< »H* "•'
lh»y 1I..I lotinlHin, their l..rMur .,iii.i>, iH"l ll'»t
HOI wUbc.ul thi. I.w. »(■ » KTml |Mirl .if lli.ir >•«•
■ur Tlirr* il wo« lh»t <rtliii« •Uml »«'> "■•»••
'iiH w« in Kri'1.1 .h.ln kimw ulint li» ■ho.iM
<l<> in lli.ir .ir.iilii.Mii>r.i lull wlxl'. "ii •'"
ll,|ril.l»).li.'i.w»»till Kmitir n.iiii .»r i;' '•i'';
iiiivi, mill hit III" l«"*« f"""'! "'""" '"'" /!'" '
Jrwi. liriiil.l.;M«iMi<l Hii't hf'l'l'i) mimI'iIH'"*"
ilnriiiHiii, Hiul iliKt U ti" ••"ill "I'r ^""^•:' "'•"■•
liv >h.>iil.l lii(v« •till iiMif .iK-iidn iil"'ii liliii-
». Tlwl, llirnf-"'. Ii«' iii'kIi' "y ""' '"","• . *
mIiiiI iiiiiilil lilililcf III*
»i»iiuril«rii.>rii»l i»»»v wliiit iiiiK II
itriiiy'i ivurrlii •» tli< V I'lH"! ••"• m"'' "• "'"' "''";'
rrriitiir.", i»i*|''i"K •'""' •''"' '""'",' '""
lUrt. mill mill liim «. wl.i' li ll" y rUmmil tur tlnir
owiMi'i-. Nliii lliK |iriii<ipJI> liTiiu.i' III.; W'rt-
nrruiil l< •< III'' J' »•» •UomIJ •mi' ii|i"ii tlimi.; >«
llii'ii iiHiiti' 111! iiniir niurrii mi »• l"f "' '>*'"•
li.ir.)ii. Niiiv lln' J««t iliil mil •" •»>" ll {•'■' "'
iniiiii iIhiii hIi.II IIk'X W'f In '"'K'' ''I'"' |ilii"";
lilil wh..! Ih. V wrr.' |i«-Hni.l up in Hi' ir .l> •; < i.l
Ul^llll^ll iiiirri.w I)Iim«i{i». tli«i> 'li'l -Dm'- "i '•"'">
Kfl iH't'iirf, mill liiilil
III' lliriii, uiiil iillii IK
iIiiiukIiI llf
cy Hiri' nt
hetook lli<iii«clvi«
hmili r
iiliiriB, mm llw wlmJ*
iiiiilliUiil.' I »t. lull ll lli<ni«<iv< « ov. I- iii;i'l";'« •'"•
niiL i.f 111'' pimi'H*'. i"'"l «•'"'< fil "'•' l>""i"ii
■niiv «itli It" if 'l«i-"' '" "'•'"■'' 'ir'-iiii";'"!""'
M ill.' liMitm.i. kii.w nut l"»v l.> .I.f. ml lli«i)i-
,.lv. .. m. Ill'' .ImiK.T {.nv-'l tin. I.i.r..iii..n Mil
iiMU.', f..r III.')' W.I'.' «.> |"l"'.l. Ill"' J'''y '•""'''
linl iiinrrh i.l..iiif llir I'.ii.il in HH'ir i»i'l'«. '""• ""'
ii.r.'iits wvrv .o hiuli. lln'l ''"' .•'•*" I'.v ".rr i...f
ttl.t« I" miirili .i(fiiiii»t ll..: « iK'iiiv ; H'.' I'"'' iPV ;•'
uU... mill «iill.y» iiil.1 wliitli •ll*') Ir'.l'i'iillv '•H;
mill tuiiilikil .I.JHII. wr« ■'' on n««li •i.li' .|l
thrill. Ihiil Ihtr.' w.ri' ii.ith'-r plur.i fi.r Ih.ir
flinht. nor niiy nniti'imiire coiil.l h.i H
for th.'ir .1.1. nr.'; lill Hi'' ilimr.'" Hi.
Iiiil ill will no BM'iil, lliiit 1I17 lii-l'ioK I
10 luii.''iiliill..i.«. mill tii •"'f' iiii.iiriifiil i-n. ». «»
III. II irec! in Ihr irtm<»«t;.U-.imiri thr j..vful iii'iila-
iimlioHf I.f 111.' J.!W*. "I-". I". <f"7 •'ii.;..'.r.[(t."t
oiM! iHi..lli«'r,i'.-li.>w»lli.i ..(tiiiil-. I.;i.'k nwiii". •»'■•"
li»l i'ompiiHiii(C n iiiii*.; of tliu"' <li"' "I V"" f<^^-
iolc'H. iin.l w. ri- in u ni|r.'. l"'!' '"• lliiiiS\«''";
ton.p li> "iili .. pH--, llii.l III'' J« "« i». "Ill""'
tnk.'n<%'«liii«'ii .•nlirgunii) iiriwni r-, li«il ii"t t"'"
ni 'lit c.imc on. wh.n lli.' r.<>Mi:.ii'< IM tol.th-
liolon. nml ih.' J. wi m i/.ul upon nil iIk' pli".'
ronml nhoiil lli.in, unit «ut.:h.il lor Hi.ii' loiiuii;,'
out [ill 111.' inorniiiK-J . ,
9 Ami Iti.n it wii»tlint (,r-.»i».n.<l<'«pmriii? f>(
oliliiiiiinn mom lor n pulilic nmr(*,.'oiilri\.'.l lio.v
ll.' niiKl.l l>.'«l rnn nwiiv; mid -wluii hr hiuMi;-
Ic'li'iffoiir liiimlnMl of tli.' ni(>*t .'ouniB''"'"."' I''"
noldi'TK, h.' pla.'i'il lliini nt Hi.! »lroUK''«t ol tl»'ir
rorlili.'iilionH. and trnvB onltr. tliul uh.'ii thry
w,.iil up M the moTiiihi? Kunrd. Hi. y fltouUl .rii'l
th.'ir. ii-l'iii*. thiit 111.! J.wnliHtthrbe iiiiol.'.t"
iMlii'M lliiil Hi<! i.ntirrnrnivwns Hum «till.\vliil<!
lie hiin«.lf look llif r.'»t of his fori-.n with l.iin.
ami miirih..!. williout nn> noi«', tliirty lurloiis*-
Hut »sh. a Hi.- J. WH pir.. iv. d m tli« nwirmiiK,
tlint til.' .'iin.pwd* .•i.ipl.v, liii'V mn upon th..»f
four humirid'wholmil iloluil.-il Hi.iii. nml loiiiit-
ilial. Iv Ihrtw their .iRrlK nt Hi. ni, nml »l.'w lli.'ni.
iind then purMud nfler Ceiliu". H«l he Imd al-
rtndy ini..!.' us.: of a grout part of Hi.'^ iii);lil 111
• From IhwnnniP of Jnneiihlhi. son of (iorlon.orno-
- rionlli.i w>u of J.wiili. lis h. Iv..-h. iii. H.rt il.oiipof llic
loveriior:. nf Ji'rimiitein. "I"' wii" "linn n> Hm li.'i;l'iiniiR
of the luniiilK liy Hie zealols. K iv. c.h. vi. »ci:t. 1, Ihc
WAW OF TIIK JKWi
hi. Hiihl. •«.! •illl nmrrhul <|Mir>»f wU#« il wm
liny lii....HM.h lh»l ihr Mjl.li«r», lliniiijih ih>
MloMihiiMiil «ii.l r. .11 H"y •••T' '"• '•■" •"'•."'I
t<» III lh«ir *ini(i« • for •!• i(t«, •ml f'.f Ihr.iw iii« •((
ilon«». •ml n nr**! p«rl of Ui» iii«lri.m.MH ul
n»f. M» lii* J''X« will "•' |>ii"niiiR ••»< tl.H.i»»»
M f»p ■• Aiili|«tri', nflir J^'" '»■ ***^^ '^
loiik Ih.' >'n|in»n, •ml •p.ille.l Hie .l«t>'l l""li.«.
ami KLlh. riiiK ihe prry lonelhrr wim-h lti» Km-
manv li«.l l*U h. hind Ih.lii. . Mnie Imill riiiiiil«f
mid •iiiiiinK III lli»ir m»lrop.iri»L»hilr Ihry li».|
th.iii..r«.« l.»l • f«>» .'"It. lull '•ml nlmniil lh«
|(, ,. fivi' fhoii.niid umt Ihf.e humlrixl foot.
ni.n, nml llir.. h«nilr*4 •ml »i|tlily lMir«iii»».
Thu .1. 1. Hi hiiiiii. iin> "II H" «iKliH> .I'lJ' "' •!'•
iiiiiiilh htui. iSUfhrM"!!,) inlhs li»»lrth yrurof
III* rri)(u uf N«r.i.
THAI'. XX.
Ctillvt itmU .ImliqUiiKhn liiJ^tn. T>« Pinfli
nf ttamatrvt thiii Hxt' Jm-il »/.«/ Ilf'f iniK
ilnm. Tht i'rii/;/. '/fli rnftU n>. iifli r Ih, .; ',»./
1 1'/l "If I l»'r»'i<i f •''»'•"»• ft ""■» '" "" ' '■')■
" niU 1(1 1 Ihintf frmhifiirilt IhfiUi't.aui m«ki
a grnil miim/ (itmr.ihfiir thrir .Irmiii. Hint
jiarliiiiltirlii./iiiriihiil.lhi: wrihri/lhin <iouil
•Vmiie .Inniinl if l>ii .IJiniiiitlraliim.
; I. A»'T».n tHii.'iiliiniil.v h«d Iwfiill. 11 (Vtliui.
nmn\ <if Hi. imi.l . iiiiifrn'l "1' Hif J' "• ■"«"'
nwiiy lioiii Hi.' "ilv. ii< Ifin « "hip wli'n H *"*
RoiiiK to "inl. 1 ('."tl.'I'iirSl.. Ihirrfor.. mid "•ml
who were iir. Ilir. 11, lo)(»toier wiHi I'hllip, llo- < !«
of Jininiin, wlwi Willi Hie ..'omiimnilvr ol kin'i
Auripiw'* f.ir.'ei, mil »vi'*y Ironr llir eiiv, nni
H.illlol. .tiiii.. Ilul then how Ailli|.n.. wlio li u;
li.'.'ii 1j.»i.^'.'I wilh lli.ni 111 III. kiH(;'i. jiiliii.'.
wonld not Ilv Hwny with ih.iii, wii» iill.rniir.i
•hiin liv Ihe iejlilioiii., we 1.I111II riliU.' lur. i.ll. r
Ili»vi vir. r.Mfiiln D.'nl Hunt «nd lii« fi'i.'i>d«, «
Ih.ir onndenire. to Aehiiin. to ,\.ro, lo iiil"fiii
nil iheiii from aelli'iK .ml
if Hi. ni lhru«t ifi.i
hiiii of Ihu crrnt .ii»lr.'.« ih.'V wire ill, oml lolv
the bimne of their kiiiillin|{ llie war upon Hoi'ii'
iiD liupiHK lo Rll.'viiile hi« own .limner, liy priyoli
inu liH iiiiliv,ni.tiiiii iiKi.in>t K(<ir»«.
i. In Hi.' uienii lime Hi.' p.'.'lile »f Dmiiti'iiv
when lli.y were iiirortiu.l .if Hie diHlnielioM uf
Hie Uom:in.. «l iiimuflhe .liiirnhl.'r "I Hi'"'
J.»» Hull ,\i.r.^ miioiiK lli.ni: iiml in ih.'v Im.
Ih.'iii nil', iiilv eoo|ie.l up lo);. Hii r in the pine nl
nuldii- . \er('i»e'i, uhirh Hiev Imd dune out ol lln
kU'ipli ion the* Imd uf llieiii, ihey ihmitlil lli',»
•himl! meet ivilli no iliirirulty in the nil. iiipl;.iH
did thiv ili-lni-l Hi.-ir own wiv.«. who wi re aU
iiiOKt nil id th.iii a.ldi<'ted to the .1. wi»li .i.-.li'Aion;
on whi.'h (iirount il wim. thni their k" nli »I .'"H-
eern wmi. how Hiey niiuhl eoneral tli.'«e llmiK»
from Hi. in; m. Hi. v'emne upon Hi.' Jews I'lid 1 ii'
Hi.'ir llirii.it*. n< In ini; ir n ii:irrow pliu'.'. in mn"-
ii.rleii Ihonwind, nml nil of Hi" ni uiianind. iiiul
tWn In one lionr'H time, without any hu.lv m "i''
Igi'l) tliiiii. , , r-
X |!)it nt to t|io«e who hud |«iriiu.'d iifl.'r ( .'*
liiia, when they w.r.' r. tiirix d liuk to Jiru-a-
Irni. Illey overlior. muie .d' tlio!'.' Hint h\nut\
Ihe Honuiinl.v viden.'e, and wmie they periiiai'-
ed [liy entrrnti.-K] to join with lheiii,uml JC'I'''-
pelher in ({reiit numliern in Hie I. inph', nm' ''I;
poiiiled n preHt ninny (.'eiieniU for ill.' w.ir: J"-
mph» nl'O, the urn of (iorioii, nnd Aiian
hiuli prii'il, w.i'C ehiiiu n at novei'nori. of nil
wiHiiii the cilv. nml willi n purti. uhir .liir;;.' li
repair the wnl)< of the ritv ; for tli.y did not .r-
dnin I',lrii7.iir the win of Siui.m lo thai oflic. , "l-
Ihoiigh h.' hml pittiii inio hin pn-i". «<i 01 1'u pny
Ihevlnul taken from the Roiuiim., nml llm niiinv
thiV hml taken from Onlius, , loplli.'r «illi -
pre'ut part of the public treiivure*, l»'e»u».' Hiev
■nmrli ln;«r Jewish nilllior of n hi.tory of that ii.ilion
lakPiihliilille.niid vi't|M'ri<oiiaieMonrlHieJoiepliii!i.lli«
son of Miiiildiiii: liul I ho cheat U too groet to li(f.|>»'
upon llio Icarni'il world.
limn ill*'
ll iirv
iliir*, ihrDiijili ihr
re Ih. Iril Uhiiiit
•nil litr lhrimiiin<l(
til* iiolriioxiiu <il
irdiiiig lh< ItiHMUM
rllU'lt, t»*\nfL Ihrjr
ll IIm* itfttlil lloilht,
ihi-r «iliii"li iti» H.I-
I Hfiii' liKi'li riiiiiilM
Ilia) nhllr lllrt Imli
lit Vlnil ulilllf III ItlH
)%ti I' liuiiilrml fiKit-
II »i|(lil)i Iwrwiiirii.
• IkTiIIi iIiiX !•' Ill*
ith* tw*lrth]iruro(
IC.
irfWro. Ti« fVn(.(i
«!(•.» Ihal liei't inlk
l(Wi III . ii/H r till II '.0./
I, ridiiii (ll ('" (',(u,
'( lh/iUi't,ah'l iniiki
\rihrir .Irmiii. niul
fritiri>flhf»i /looti
ii'nij/rn'iiKi.
Imil li> I'lilli II Crtliui.
lit <lif Ji w« otwi
I 11 lllll|l tvlll'll ll KM
lliirt I'un , iiiiil Siiil,
r »*4lli l'liili|>., tlir >!«
coiiMiinnilvi' III liii'^
rtroin llir lin, nm
in» Aiili|iii«. ivliii liii.
III III! Iflllis'n I ul'lir.
ill! Ill, win iillnniirl
mil riliUi' liirnillir
t iiriil liU friiii'l". fl'
, (ll \) I'll, III liil'ifiii
ly vnri! ill, villi Inly
IIk' wiir ii|iiiii KiiiTMi
ni iliiiin«ril'y (iriivok-
KliiriK.
|)ii'))l(i <(f hinii iTii".
Ill' I III' ili'Htriii'liiiii "f
n> uliiiinlUi'f 111' Ih')"
in; mill in ihi'v lim:
({I llii r ill llic |il.M'<'"l
V llll'l (IllllC out III III!
II, tluv tliiiii|;lil ill'."
lit) in tlir iilii iii|it;ul
Wivi «, will) HI Tf. jU
II till' .il H'ii'li.iili',;!"'';
mi tlnir nr«iil<»l >'"ii-
I'liiirral tlir«' lliiuiC
|UIII till' Jl'H", FMllI 111'
ii;iir()iv |iliii'<',iitiiili"-
l' till III UIllifllM'll, llll'l
lliout uiiy bully Irtili''
liiiil iiiirniii'd iifliT f'rs
inn (1 liii'U III Jirii-a-
,1' till)?!. Iliiit finmiil
11(1 WIIIK' (lll'V pirMwi'-
willi llmii, 1111.1 tt'it I'l.
II llitj ti'iii|il<', mill i>r.-
riiU fill' I 111' w.ii': J'l'
iirioii, mill Aiiiiiiii* 'I"'
();iivn'iii>r»iiriill 111' 'if*
a I'urtii iiliir rliii;;i' •'
\ ; f(ir Onv 'li'l ""' ''■•
iiiiiin lu lli:it (iftiic , "I'
hill |ii"('i «<i'iii I'll' pi'J'
ioiiiiiiiK, unit til" 111 "I")
stius, , lii;;'i'llii'r «illi "
rtiivurn, litTHUti' 'll'';
• It liintoryof that iLilio"
iiUMoiirlhir JfMt'pliii"."''
lent \t too groei to liif piil
DiXlK II^CIIAr. XX.
ITT
■I* k* HMflf t Irrtnniril Unipff, iiiul lliil kit H«|i|ik'.<ri<, lh«'|i fi¥ft lh# nnlv |i«n|il« In t»k««
fullnwvr* M'r* M lk«ir hilimi'ir tikr Knnnl^ hv|{Hti liitx t'l liiiil.l lliiir nwii wnlU. Rilil |kl«
•tMiul hiiii. lliHMxr. lk» uriull llii \ win- lu ii( b«cim«» tir |i> iTii»r»( (In » i«i.r» riili hikI «i«*llk|'i
KUntir • iMimrv, «n>l ♦!»• tMlitl* »rii'k« iiwil by •ml r«»<l) In gn In wnr.wllhnul •inKiliiig in tuiA
\»m, liriivKhl all •« •liowl, lliKt Ihf (m'i>|iI>' wrm n* rniy iiytimiiuin fur thHl |iur|KiM. Th» tt»
(Irriiiiitrnliiil, uml •uhniilli'U lhtiiiMl«»« lu hu •■• Ihii Mine wilh liiMhuU, kIikIi hcil ■ wull
■iittiiiFITy fB sll trutiili tcjfl.iii*' " liillH Rflilttt H »Jf J'lnH lft«* *illl **T f .*vt lUlllO'Hj
4. ihry iiImi I'liiin* uihur KiiirriiU f.ir Miinirn, liiil wHIi lli<; CiiicmiiI nl JiiHi|iliii<i liiil for Ih*
ifW. Ihr ••'» "I ^'••("liklM. "II* iif Ihr hl)th |ir|ra«
nnil Klitiar, Ihr (iiii iif Aihiiii.k Ih" hiith prifuli
lh») itUii rltiiilllfll NlK*r. lllr Itli n |('i>rrl|.ir of
Ilium**,* wbii WiK nf It fiiiiiilji tkiil Ti) liiilKi ll I'l
i'rrrii, liftitnit JiinUh, mill (kiH Ihviir* i iilU il ill*
i'rrnilr, lliiil hnhnuhl !>•' nlitiliiiil lo tliiiao dirr-
iianiril I'uiiiiiiiiiHltii'i. .Nur iIhI Ihry iiikIii I Ih*
mr* iif olhi-r |'iirl« nf Ihii I'liiinli-y, liul Jn«*|ih
Ih* (lilt of hiMiiin >*«« M'nl m » Ki'iH'rul Ik hf^
liitlliliHR nl>lh* nit o( Ihr (iinrraMt, h* Inhiiml
liigrlhrr wilh nil thi. tilhrr huilifrr>, anil wM
pr»i>*Ht lufit* all Ihr nii'ruMi'y orJrtt fur IhM
iiiiNKiiM . Ilr *liii K'll iiiK*lhrr *n army iiul at
ilnlllr*, r.f iiiiir* than ii hHiiilrril liiuiiaiiiil )iiung
liirn, all ul whnin hr iiriii<*il with Ih* ulil Mrra|iiiiia,
mbtih h* hail rnlliiinl l(>Krlhrr ami jiri |iari'i|
for Ihrni
T. Anil nhrn k* luni i'iM<i>l*r«il llial Ih* Rn-
hii. a< waa Mnixtnih In I'l rt a," miil JnliH ih* ' ninn powrr iH-raiii* iiitinrihir, rhiiAy hy thrir
Knriir, In llm |.i|mrrh» nf 'rhiiiiiiiiii l.yihlii «a« i rrnilliirM In iihiyiiiK nrilrra, ami ihn riinaluiil r»-
iiiao ailjril 111 lii« piiriioii, aiiil Jii|i|i», ami Vm>- • »rri«r nf Itmi »riii«, kr ilr<|ialriil nf Irnohlin
iiiaiif. Hill J'lhii Ihr tiMl nf Miillhint, waa mail* thr>* hia iiirii ihr u<r nf Ihrir ariiia, whii h *M
Ihr Kovcriiiir III Ihr liijiiiri'hira III tln|iliHilii'ii ami lo ha nlilainril liy rtiM-rivnrr s lint oliirrvinK
Acralmlriir, h< ivnt /iu|ihii« thi. mni nf Mat- ; ihal Ihrir nailinut in iil>r)iii;{ nnlrra waa nwinn
thiaaiiil linth 111* linlii*)'«. Ilunial* altn, whii'h lit Ihr niiiltiluilr n^ thru nll'Mrra, h* niailr hi*
wai Ih* •IrniiKol I'lly in Ihua* (wri*. wai pvli {pari ll ion* in hi* aniiv nmrr allrr ihr Human
uiHlrr hia rnmininin. .1 niannrr, ami appoiiili if a grral iiiimy »iilmllrrnti
S. Snrvcrv iilir III' ihr olhrr I'linimniiilir* iiil- > Ilii alio ilintriliiiliil ill* anlHiir* liilo variniia
iniiii>lrr«ii ifir iillaira iil hia |M»rlfiin witli *hiil | rlaaara, whom li.' |Mit iimlrr iiipluifta nf Una, himI
niai'rilr anil |iruilrni r ll^-y wi r<i ninalrt; nf ; liut rir|>lain* of hunilrriU, nlnl tin n niiili r rnplaini nf
at lo Jiia*|ihiia, whin lir I'aiiir livtn tiililii', hia I thiiMaanilf; niiil liratili • Ihrar liv h.nl rniiiiiiimil-
rtrtt rare wa« In K»lii lli* ({"'"'-•'["I "' •'"' I'mp'* I • ranf lHr)crrboilirni>l nun. Mr liUn liiuuhl ihi'iii
of thai connlry, »• »rii«ilili' lliiiO"' •hmihl llirrr- I |n Ki\ft thr aiKnala inn- In aniilhi r, ami In riill
by hav* in K'lirral ((i^iiil tui'rl)a«, iilllinuKb b* amrriiall lb* Mililiira liy lb« Iruiiiiirla, hiiw lu
•bniibt-fHil In nllirr poinla. A»il litinKrnnaiioti* , i'«|ianil lb* winica nf an army, ami niali* Ihrm
to hiiiiarif that if III' riiniiiiiinii-nlril piirt of hia ivbi'i I alinui, nnil whrii onr win|( halb bad aur
nuwrrlntliinrral iiiin, bialinulil iiiiikr ihrnibia
fail IririKlt. "ml that bti abuiibl Kiiin Ihr ■unir la-
vor friHii llu iiiultitnilr. If br cirt'oinl bia rniu-
iiiaiiila by p«ranna nf bit own innnlryi hiiiI with
whom Ibrv Wrrii will aciimiinlril, br rlma* 6ut
larrnly of lb
rrta, In turn iiKiiin iiml naaiat tlinii' ibnl wira
hard ail. nml In ioin in Ihr ilrfrnrir nf what bail
iinitt aull'rrril. Ilr iiUn I'lintiiuinlly iiialrui'Iril
Ihrm in wbatcom'rrncil lb««nuraK* of Ihr aiiul,
anil Ih* banKbrat of lb* linily; ami almvr all h«
rxrrriaril ihrni for war, by il*rlariiif( In ihmi ilia-
linrtly ihoKooilnnlrroflbeHoiiinna, *niUballb«r
wrr* III l)«;hl witb men who, bnlh by lb* tlrriiKm
of ill) ir boilia* and roura)(r of Ibrir •oiilt, bail
ronniicrrd in ■ maniirr Ibr wbnln habilubia
rnrlli. I(* told them that br abniild makr trial
of lint Rood oriirr Ihry would nli»rr»r in war,
r»in bil'orn il niiiir "In iinv biillli', in cat* |b*jr
would Hbtlain from ihii criiiira (liry„iitcd to Id-
(luljjr IhrnitcWra in, alich at thrfl, and rolibrry,
and rapin*, and from drrrnuilliii( thrir own roun-
Irynu'iirnnd nrvrr lo rttirm lb* bnrin dour lu
iboMi Ibiil wrrr to nrnr of kin lo Ihrili, In br unjr
iiilviinliiKrtolheiii«i'lvi.a; I'lir IhnI wnra iirr ihrn
iiiiina|(rd th* b*at wlirn Ihr warriort pn-M'rva n
Koiid rnniirirnrii; bill that tiirli u« arr III iiirn in
privnip lift', will not only bavr Ihoar fur rnrmirt
tvliii iitliirk Ibriii, hut (iod biniiirif »lt I for their
nnliiKoniat.
H. And Ihntdid biirnntinur lo ndnioniab them.
Now lni clioar fur thii wiir aiiib nn iiriiiy at tVai
•ilflirirul, il. e. aixtV' lhnu«mid fnnlinrn, iiiid two
bumlrrd nnil filly liorafcuirint iiitil liraldri ibeie,
on wbirh-bi' put the };niilr<l Iriitt, there wrri-
wlaitom'^ml piety, anil tkliriiUunilurl In mnrllal af-
fiilrt. Veliiiavwiiillarrrn In lil« very liiBhrliiiriii'^fr of
Annnut the lii^li prli-at, H.Jfc rii. v. nn l. '.'. wlwVWrrfKi^
III liiivKhrin llie taiiir wliowJih'H'nrilWl'.'Winit. Ili»fc-
npiir Ji-fUanlrnii In li' iiHinSit. iiiiili.r Alliliiiia Ihii (iriir
vri»iar, Hint when lip.tf'roli' Ihrni. Nioka oflhr war, lie
\va» nolaoiiiji'lKKiil'nn r.Wniiilr riirlnilan ; iithurwlae
ho'Unulil iinlTiiivi'rnlli'il.iircnrillnKlnlilaiiiiiiulrutlnin,
In liavr rrrkiMicil iIiIk liit liMrliarniiii niiirili'F oa ii Jiim
|iniiialimi.ul uixiii him fur Ihiit liii rrurliy In thr rlilrf,
Ilr. rnttiV^ oiilvriirimiiiii l.i«lio|i nf Ihr rlrrunirithin.
Nor, linil hr l*'i'nlh|.ii «ChrtHlhiii,rniilil ho litiiiiiiliiite'
ly liiivn »nnkrn «o itiovlii'jlv nf tlin ra(ivi.|iofllirili,.'<lriie-
lion nf jAnianN'Mi, wiltioiil mr «oril ofrlllirr Ihrron-
ilenmalion of Juiiir»arrrtirlliiliiii of IMirla), an he did
wlirii he wiial'rriMiirii ('hrimlan aOrru-nril.
(I Hl.niilil think Ihiil iin uriiiy of WMItH) foolmer
in lliii'niinitwr liiiiiillHlril'iilloii of Ihr Huhiillrrii nirirtra [ ahuulil rn|iilrciiiiiii\ iiiorr liiilii '.!.'>ll huraciiicn ; anil w«
of ilia nriiiy, im Ktnil. xviij. '.'.'> : |)i:ul. i. l.l : nnil Ih hit flnil Jonrliliii'' hml niori- horHriiii'ri uiiilrr lila TOiniunnd
charge njialiitt the oflt'iii-i't roniinon iiiiioii'iiit Hohlirrt, tlinii 'J.')!) in lilt fiilurr liWnfy. I tu|i|in8e the nUiubar
It Deut. Xxiil. a, in nil nhli'h lie aliuwrd hi] grcul. ortll«tlmuaaudiiiailroii|M.'il luour piewnlcuplM.
b'-i ■ .
„ ^ _. .he iHotl prudrni nien,| and Ibntr el
drrt in ■((*, and appointed thcin lo be ruler* of
all (ialilro, ui br rhntc trvin judgra In rvrry
city to bear the littrr quarrrla; for at lo lli<;
greater cautrt, and ibote wherrin Iif* and di.alb
wrr* roncrrned, h« enjninrti Ihry abiiuld be
brou|rhl to him nml thr tevenly ildert.
ff. Jiinriibut alan, whrn br bud aetlli'l ihrae
niiri for iletrrniiiiin)(ruutei by thr law, with rr-
card to the people's dchllllRl unr with Hnolhrr,
briook blinii'ir lo innkr prtivialuiit for tin ir knfi ly
irHlutt culirnnl violriiir; and iit hr kurw tliir
Romani would full upon (ialilir, br biiilt wall*
In uroprr placra nboul Jo/apala, itiid lluraiiber,
and Saliimil; nnd betidra Ihrar, idioiil Cupha-
rrcrho, nnd jnpha, and Sigo, nnil wbiit Ibrv call
Miiunt'rabor, uMilTarii:hri|.,iimrrioiriii«5 Morr-
ovrr, hr budl »vbIU about the i:iivi « iiral- tlir bikr
of (irnnrtur, wbiidi .pliirrt lay in tbi' l.nwrrliii-
hlir; till! tiimr Ilr lliil lo thr plaiit nf I'lil*'"
(ialilrc, at wi II aa In Ibr nu'k iiilliil Thr Kiii'k
nf the Acbalmri, and In Sriili, and Jnninilh, and
MrMtb;Bnd in Ciitiilanili'i lu' fnriiliiil Si-li nciii.
And Soiriint', uiid (imiitdti; hut iia tii Itiuii' ii.t'
\
• We may olitervo. here, Ihni the IilunienAi. imbiivlnii
berii iiriaMlytcaofJiitllre tllil-c tjieihiyaof Jnliii llyrca-
nut, ilurlnn hlioul lli.'i yriini,wrrc now rairniuHl nn part
of the Jrwith nnilnii, iiiiil hrre providril nf a JrWiab
(oiiinmiider nrronllniily. Hrcllic note iiiion Antli). b.
iUi.rh. Ii.ibrl. 1.
tWeter herr, nnd in Jiwriiliiit'" iirrount of hi* own
life,tefl. It, how r Mil III' 1 1' imilnli'il hh h'siahiioir Mo
tea, nr, |ierlinp», only iilryi'il wliiil Im look to ln! hit jMrr-
prtual law. In iipiHilnthi'.' w.vi'n h-siirf Jiiilsi* for ainnllcr
i-misut. In imrliruliir iltlc*. miil, piirhnpt, for the ftrit
. Iienrino ot urcnirr rnii«r». n'iili ihr |ilM.rly of r.ii npiicnl
lo arvenly ni.r aiiiimnifl jiiil'-'r". |.ii|M>r hilly in tlione ran-
leiwhrrr life luiil ilrnlh wiTt- roiurriiiir; ill Aiiliq. h.
Iv. rh. vili. tert. H, nml of liM l.ili'. m.rl. U. Hie iiitu
or the War, h. iv. ih. v. wm'I, 4, Miirrovcr, lyo fliiil,
. 7, that lie iniilnlril Moirs, na Well at Ihr Iliilnnna,
\
V
i
^g WAKM OK TItK JRWM.
•iMMt h^f lli«uMii.l ««• h.iii.l«.l »..rr,Mfi.«.| •■••.•• I« lh« r«»ii«f»« m.Wm#», ••.! •!»»• k*
k. km.! Mm, ... humlrnl nwii •• l««r.l. ..I hU h n» I* h» •h'ftf't .i..rlu«k .Ih. r..Wt.r., k*
b«l» Now Ih. rill.. .Mil* m«im."i»..l Ik. f"« HiiglH * • «.. h...i fwr hl« B.Bh«Mir. 1.1 th. ,»»
««. ..( «h» HUM .«»Bi.r«l».l «►».« ••HI out h.ll I |»..f» f«r (imI «»«r, lh>l J.«.|.I>m. «•« ^'
■ nd r>liiin*it ik» ntber
lk.tr men ill Ih. iirni;
kail •! hoiii*. III onl.r lii g.l |irn«i.iii». f'lr lli.iii.
luMiniHi-h lh*l lb« wn* pan tii.Nl to ih* «»r, ami
tk« irtkcr (HIM li> ihfif wiifl. •ml •«• ih'x* *****
will .lul lli.ir rotn w.r* |miiI for U kjr Ihuw Ihal
w.ro III .riiM.by llial ..riirMx «kl«k Ik.ji •HJojr-
td (rum ikMi.
CHAP. kXI.
CMrfrfinjr ./»*« nf ''<»<"*•'• Jmtfhut uut
MlTitlarimimfnlntnhi I'loltJnhA loU agomtl
Aim , axii r.i'.i.f rt cirfain <;i(w« wAli^A Aa<< rt-
•a<(<J/rumAim.
j I. Nu«r H JiM«|ihM. w*« ihu. 1111)1*1*11 ill ika
Mliiiini.lraliun o( ilia altmr. itl <iiilil«», Ih.r.
■riMii a iriarlt«.ruin iwra.ni, a luaii ol (liiihala,
Ibc w>n lit l..iri, Mliii.a naiiia wa. John. Ml.
rliafiii Ivr M«. Ilial iil a trry i'.ufiuin||. anil vary
kiMM.Ii |i«r«iii, Iwjohil ihv onlmary rat* of Ik*
olliVr aiKii of (niinaw^a 'IlLra, aiiU tor wlitkail
eri>i'lii«) h* bail not hi. Mluw an/ wkara. Tixir
• WH. al flr.l, ami for a lonR liiii« hi* want,
wvri u liimlriHiK'a loliiiii III III. wiiktil ilralKii..
il« wai a ritiiily li»r, ami yd vnry .liar|i in khiii-
iliK irtilil tu III* liilitiii.) Iir ihoUKhl il a |h>IiiIoI'
«liiil« 4o ili'lutla |iro|ilii, anil WimkI ilrtiiij* ivdii
•uili II. wtrii lliii iltari.l lo him. lU- wu. a
ky|io(;rilii'iil priilriKlir l.i huiiiaiiity ; hiil Hili«r«
h« hull Ihipr. i>r Kalii, liv .purul not tn« •hrililinK
ol Id.io.t; hn lU.iri. »»»r« «»»r tarriail lo irriial
thinKi., uuil 111 iMi'.iiirai|;i'il bi* hu|H-. from Inow
nit'Hn wn kril In. !>• Htm li h« wn. Iha author o{.
III! bail II |H'i!Mli.ii'liuail>ul IhiavinK; hut In .nina
tinia hi'jfff iiirtain i;oiii|ihiiioIi. in hi. ini|iu<lrnl
prai Ik iTi nl Aral lhi:y wiiri- but frw, hut a. ha
procfvili'il on in hi. a.U ruur«r, th«y brrania .lill
Blura anil uiuri< nuiiu'r|)u.. Ilw took rara thai
oona of bi. jmrtntir. .Ih^uM Ihi vaailiriiinuKkl in
th.ir niguiTKi., but cliuii .d..b o..l ol tnn nut a.
hail tlm .IroUKftl luiii.litulion. of b.iily, iinii lh«
■rvalt'.t <;ouri)K« "' "'"I. tuuthrr w>0< *"*'
■ .1 .^ . ^ 1 ^^ ...—.lit . I, ](,|,,„|
llyuiut'
, nail wtTc viiKi>li.iii\U ibiil
I • n
I'flMll *f
Ifc_ ^.t ... m i .1 *,i 1 1 . iil ..I nlftltf -i It! llui. ItlltliaMg *aa.i
DP SttHttMlvl *M III 111 TT "ttttT-t- r^r »i"fr^- »---■-- — "- **■'*
luaay .uih |ib>i. ill.) h. la/ In onli r l.i rma Hum
;l Now at Iha .am* lilii* that <»rl«in tnun.
nii-n irf Iha »ill»g» <m llalmrtlU, who ki'|.t giMol
in Ih* jraat |iUtn, lunl anar*. lor l'lol»ii|j, ahn
WB. Aurimia anil ll*rnir«'. .lawanl, ami l.mt
(r.mi kiin all that h> hail witk hiiA. anions wKnk
ihlnK. Ifc*r* w.r. a gmal many riially «ariii<
ami no .mall nanih^r of «il».r lUii., ami •>« I
■ii*ai<,
fM, ami •>« biia
„,,., , „ , , i*y not aliU lo
ronrral wbal lh*« bail alolm, but liroii|ht il all
I.I j».r|ihi|a, lo I urn b**. H*r»np.>n Iw k4«iu*il
Ihaiii for Ih* •mlrni* lh»y hail olli fil 1.. Ih.
kMi| aail i|u**n,aiiilil*|HMti>'il wbal lhr/| iilii
lo htm with Kn*u., Iha nio.t |iiil*nt mait ol T .- .
rH'h*w, with an Inlrnllon of ..niJinK Ihr lhiii|i
ba< k to tb> nwn«r. al a |irof*r tiiii*, wbtih wl
uf Juwphu.'. hrou|hlblin inio lb« xraklcal il...
air I for ikoM thai h.iil .tol*n Ih* Ihinn. bml .a
iiiiliKnation al him, both twi'au.* Ih»y gaimil iw
abara of it fur ibiiiiwIvM, ami brinua* ihi jr jnr
('cK.il biifor.banil wbal wa. Jiiwiihu.'. nil.a
lion, anil 'hat he woubl fr.rly ilctit.r up whiil
hail I'o.t Ibriii .o much nain., lo Ihr kinx ta^-
qui>«n. 'Ih'Wi ran away liy niahl l<i lh»ir ••«»
ml villa(.., anirilri-larotl lo all iii*n Ihul J.im
jihua waa KolUK loiiitray ibmi: ibry alao riltiiil
l^'riul iliaorilira In all lb* iiriKblioruiK ritlK, iii
■oniui h thai in Ihi' iiiorntnK » bmiilrnl Ibniiaanil
ariitvil man I 'Oita runuin|r lo|[«lh*ri which mimI-
liliiila wiM uruwilml loRalbfr In lb* bi|i|Hiilriiiii*
al Tarirbfii-, ami mail* a very p*(.n»b i hiimir
axain.! biui; wbll* .oiii* crinl out. tbiit "Ihry
.iioulil (lipoa* III)' traitor i" ami utiirra, thai
" tbiy iboubl burn htm." Now John irrtialril i
Kriat many, a. ilnl al.o on* Jr.u. Iha .on uf S.pi
phia.. Mho w>. lh»n r.ivrrnor of 'I'ibvrhia. 'I h.n
Il w^ Vli.l J.i.r.phu.. friiml., ami Ihr luar riit
•kill in niarlial^allair.i .u h* Kof tiiK^MA (u ■
of four huflilrril lufn, who caniii prinriifllly
of lilt: country df Ty 11'
hail [un away fryniil. viIIiikii; nnil by ibcvna"*
of Ibi'.K hi! laiil ivii.tti nil tialilri', uml irrilaUila
ounaiilirabla iiumbt'r, who wir* in grialimpi'dn-
lion uf u war lii*n luiblnily lo rM' aiiMinir them.
3. lioWKwr, Jobu'i w,iiil of mitiuy bail billKr-
larcilraincil bim in hi. Hmliiliou afliri' mami,
and in hi. alliiiipl. tu advanie hlii|>iilf. Hut
wbm hii <aw timt Ju.i'pbii* wn. bi)jlily pltnacdv
with tlm HCllvily of bi. tiiiipiT, br |H'nuiuliy
hitii, in lh« lirat pliicv, tu inlruat biui with llu> r^-
pairiiiK ol thf wullaof bi. nulivviily, |(ii.(linla, |
In wbitb wurk be got ii Kri'iit ili'al of muiMy Y/om
the rich ciliiiin.. lit nllir tliul cunlrivril a'Viry
ihrcwd trirk, niid pritriidiiiK (liul lliv Ji:w» who
dwell in Syria wi'ru ubiigiu lo mnkii u><! uf uil
thai Wa. mu(l« Uy olbrrt liian Ihn.tt uf tbvir own
naliun, be di'.irtd li:avi. uf Juaapbii. tu at nd oil
tu Ihur bordiri: •» bo bought four uni|iliorit'
with aiKb 'I'yrinn muiify n. wa. uf Ibi' vutui! uf
four Allic driicbmu!, and .old rvrry bulf ampbo*'
ru> Ht lb« annic pricr. And m (iaril«<> waa very
fruitful in oil. and wiia |H'<.'ulinrly to al Ihiit liiiiv,
by iit'iiilini; unuy ffrvM iiuanlitica, and bavihg
the .lib' privili'gi! ao lo ifu, b« gHtluri'd an iui-
ni«n«i' auiii of inuni.y toi?! tliir, wliirli iiiniify he
ininii'diati'ly u^i'd tu ibr ili»iidvanliiK« of him
wild giivc liiiii Ihul iirivilrgi'. Aiid, lut \iv >up-
iioaiul, Ibnt if b« roirtd omr ovtrlbitow Joai'pbu«,
ne aboiild liiiiiai'lf uiauin l|l<^guvi'l'lll|ll'lll of (jali-
le«, au hi' giivd ordera to tbf lolibivra Ihul wire
under bin luinniniid, lo he more unloui in tbiir
he gui
hia bwW, were ao ^llrigbled ul Ibv «lolfnt ki
aault ol the inulliliiile. that lb*y all Hed nit.y
bul iitqr; and aa he waa Mirep lh«y aw.krd
kii|i, •• Iha iieopi* were goiiig lo .rt lira to Ik.
'hiMi.e.. And although lbo.» four ihat^rniiniiifil
with bim-|irr»»ailed him to. run nwny, he wu
neitber .uriwiMil iil hi. being hiin.ell deterlfii,
nor at iktr great mullilude Ihal lanle agAinal hiiu,
but leajiertioul tu theiii with hi. i'l<>llj«i. rent, •nil
«i>hrl| 4>riiikle<l oil hi. brad, #illl hi.^amia be.
biildVblin, 11*1 liif .word bangina^Uiainrik. Al
Ibi. Withl, bU friiml., e.|ieimlly llio.e ol I «n-
lb. ;e)irii(iiiml.ir»lid hi. condilion; but lliow
lliiil i»m« out uf the country, and thoao lu ihtir
11 iKbborboU* lo whom hi. govarnnient .reiiiMl
lo ..
Ihicviah rineditiona, thai, by the rine of iiiaiivf and thnl it W.«"te<l momy
that deaireil inmivutions in the country, lu; niiglil
•i(ber Caleb their geuerul in hi. inarei, u ho
liurdenaome, repronched hiiu, and bade bim I""*
di)Cf the money wbiib brloiWed lo them all Im-
mrdtutidy, and tu cunfea. Ibe kgrermeul be, limt
madu lu betray tbeni; fur Ibey iiimgiiieil, ;iriiiii
Ibe habit in wbii b be a|i]>earrd, tlial be cumIiI
deny nolbing uf wbiil thry auaiM-cled cunceriiiii|(
him, and that it waa in order to ublain piirdiiil.
that he bail nut biiinelf rntiiely into »o pilMilij"
H poaliire. Hut tliis bumble nppennince wii» "hIj
jleaiglKil »a prepnriilory lu a alnAiigiin of lii«,
who thereby contrived tu tcl lho«i tlmt »eir ■>.)
angry al bim at variance one with another, uboiil
the thing. Ibey were angry al. However, li«
prumiaed hevweuld confe»ii all: bereupon be »in
iicrmitteil lo apeak, when be .uid, " I did iii illii"r
mirnd lo ai'lid ihi. money back to Agrippu.liot
to gnin il myailf. fur 1 did never nieini on»
tbatwnayuur enemy lu be my fiieinl, nor did I
look u|io)i wliBl would lend to your ditailvanliijte,
lube mv ailvantngr. Hul, (> you people ol l»'
richeie, 'I anw that your city stood m more need,
lliiin olhera of forllllciilioii. for yoirr aeciirilf,
hill it Wauled iiromy In oriler lor the buildnig
il « wall. I waa aUo afrnid leat Ibe peoolc of
Tibcriai and other cittea should lay a'plul ta
.(
\
•tM>K II^CIiAr. XXI
47V
»ll .lb» roMtart, IM
llgflir* t(t Iht |t«it
■ • ••■• lIclH/flMK up
■inlvr l>i rwi* him
Ibul Krlmn V""!
U», who kii|il Kiitnl
• l4ir l^olviii), who
•lawiiril, itnti I'tot
I hllA. •IIMiNK wKitk
ID) riwll) KurHifiiii,
r rliiMi hihT •>« hiiit
r* liivy nn( itliU Iq
I, but lirtiu|ht It all
Ivrvupon Iw Irfaiiuxl
hml »llrr||l III iIm
il wh«l lh>/^iriiii|lil
I |iiil<iiil iiiiiit III na- ^
I wn'linK ihr ihiiigt /
ifM-r liiiM', wrIiKh ml
hi lh« trciilrd iIm-
n lh« lnuiK« hml m
■ iKr Ibr) KKimil M
III linnuix Ihijr |nr
•• JiiM-i>hin'« iiiln-
i»ljf •l«h«*r up whijl
■)•, lo thr kiiiK »ai^'
ni|tht ill ibntr h-v*
I iill iiirn tbiil Jiiu-
nil: Ibry iiImi rilKril
iKlrlioriiiK ritira, in
II huiiilri'il ibouMiHl
igclhfri whii'b iiml-
• In lbs hi|i|HHlriHM
»er» [••nivii'b I liiiinir
Iril out, Ihiit 'Mlirjr
i" niiil ullirri, thai
Sow Jwbn irriuirit i
Jriut lb« ion iif S»pr
r uf TiUcrtni. I ftm
•, uml (ho CUM •*!
il Hi Ibvt vkilrtt ki<
i lb*y *ir H*!! «««;
ulrrp lh«y HWiikril
LtliiK; i" (ft lira 10 liw
ir four tbat.rritiniiK'il
I ri|n iiwny, bn WM
DK hiiiinrii ilrxTli'iii
till t'liiiK: HgAiiial him,
I bUab^lhiit (i>nl,>iiil
ilj i^lK hia^«nila Iw
iiKiiiKVt Mnri'li' At
•1 tnlVy llioai' ol Tan-
iiiiililioii; liul llioM
ry, anil Ihoan iu ihcir
KOVarnnii'lit arciiiMl
III, aiiit built' bii» |>">'
iiWil lo thrill ull iiii-
lit tKraruii-Ut In', hail
Ibry liimijiiD'il, /•►""' '
ittarril. tbut b<- I'mihl
•uaiM-cliMl i'um.'iriiiii|{
m to obtain piinlDif.
liiTly into »o iiilMiiil"
' H|I|I«UIUIIIC« «•"» "lij
I H atnfliiK*'!" "'- '"''<
Et tbo»» tbiit »<i«! '■>
IP with anolhi-r, iili'iilt
ry at. llowcMr, h«
all: b<'fi'ii|Hin iir vi"
ir auiil, "liiid liiilli'r
bni'k to AKfipi'"''*'"
ill iK'vrr uitiiii on?
my rrluiiil, nor <liil I
tiiyour(litailVHntii|(<-.
O you people ol '•'
y sl'ooil m inorr iii'id
na lor yoirr afCiirilVi
orilrrloilhc'liuililmi;
liii lest llif proijc of
•boulJ l»y a'plut la
«
•«««> <n»m lll»«» 'iwU, awl lb«r*fef« II w*« lh«l
i |h)iivU>I to f»lalll tbW •••"'»• f p»l»«l»J». ••<•• I
iHi«ia>n<oHipHa« fill with • «• ill Hal II Ihia
lima Hilt |>li«w IMK. I "ill iinulu** wbal <•»•
br'iH||bl Kir, aa<l (•«•• ** l».»>» *" I'luiiilar •! i bitl l(
I li«i>. roiwlui tail Miyaalf ••> «*!• "• to (llama ymi,
tuH way if »'»» lil*«'» iMHiUh^iiMt Iwna'm lo' "
4. llaraajiuM lb* (la'iliU "f Tan. fii,» lou.ity
canimamlail him, Iwl lli"«» "' 'l'll»»»l«a, itllh lli»
r«al 111 tha riiiii|iaiiy.gai* biiii lianl iHMiiia, ami:
Ikrfalmail what llia« woubl <lii la bllui ao lioth
tiiWaliU oH i|iMrrrlltiiK with JiiM|itiua, ami ull
wi i|narr»llinR mlh <>«'• «noll>»» H.i hr gnw
kiilil u|Hi« Ihv ila|irmlanra hv hail on bia (rii mla,
■hlibttarv lhi',(»ii|ili' of Tarti hi,r, ainl aldiut
forty ihiKiaaml HI iiMi>il>*r,«iHl aiMika hicm lrr*l|r
lo Ihi' wbiila iiiultiluili , anil fa|.r"ai hail Ihalii
fraaily for Ihi ir raalmiaa, ami loM Ihiin, thai
"tiitii Ihia iiionry hr woiilil linilil wmIU iIhihI
Tainh'ai. iinil woubl |iul tha ollirr ■ iiira in a
ilala III aarurily. aUoi t^ Hml thiy abiiulil not
vaiil iiionfyi II ih*y woubl lial *«'•" ("* *b«ai:
brnalll il waa lo liv |>ri»-iiri-il, awl woutil not ani-
far t|iini>ilvi'« l^i lir irriluliil »Kain^t bun Hbn
liail (iriHMrrtl II for thini."
X llirru|nHi tha ri •! of Iha inultitilila that linij
bran ill bnliil ralirrili but y it an that that Waal
»w»J aiiKry.tiiiii IniathnuaiiiHl of ibrui niiiila aH
mmM upi'm liiui III ibiir arumr, iiiil^a lir tan*
\llWKly |t<>i": *•' bla nwn hiiu<«, On) >*>'mI wllb
'^11 anil ihriainiiil Fihn. Ilii uliirb im imlon Jn-
W|ilnia a|iiin UMil a aiiiinil alMliaiin to iai>i|n>
Ihriui lor b« Kilt U|»)ii till' li)|> III hia hoiiai, amj
wilb bia ri|(lit hiiint lU airni llijiit to bi> aili'ot,
•ailaai.l to Ibaiii, " I ciiniiot till Uhiit you Woujil
ba«r, nor ran biar uhiit you any, lor thr run-
fua»il Qioar yoH iiiiiki'j lull In •aMl.llnil bti wonlil
i'iiiH|il) wilb ull llinr ilininniia, iti i ii«i tin y wouM
lull unit aunii' of tbait uiriulu r lu lo bini, Ihal
niiHhltnlk with liini nliout il." Anil whin tha
Drlni'i|ml of tbani, wilb ihrlr liailara, baani Ihia,
thry tiiinr into Ihi bouai . Mi' thi h ilriw thnii
Ip Oil moat ri'liri'il purl of llw bonai', Hiiil abut
' lh« ilooruf thill hull WlK'ri- bf put lbiiii,nnil tbau
hail )hrni w^iiplii'il lifl <^vl ry iiiii' ol ibrir InMaril
ptrta aplM'Nriil nnkiil. Iii thu inran linii' tha
aialllluila aloiiil rouiiil thr houar, ami aup|ni»lil
that br bad a liinK'iii'<<'»iirM' witli thoar lliiil
wrrr aonr ill nliout wlml thi y diiiiHiiil of bun.
IU hail Ihi'ii tliai|iior< artupiii iniiurilialily.iinil
MHl the iiWH out nil blaody , whirh to trmblv «f-
friKhti'il Iboaits iliiit bml lo I'urr Ibrrntrnail him,
that ihry thrrw ii6wn ibiir III loa iinil runaway.
6. Hut iia for John, hia invv grrw frratrr
[u|>on Ihia raeajir of Joaapbna, [ ami ha frainril
a new plot agHiuat hit^ii; b« prrlrmlnl to lir aii k,
tail hi a Irtlir iliaiVril flial Juaa pbua woulil |[iyr
hinrlrnvr lo n«r tlir hol.lialhf Ihiit wi rr ill Ti-
banii>, liir tlia rrrovrry of bia lirallb. llrrruiMMi
JnaipliiK, who hilbirto tuaprrtiil nothinK of
Jiilin'a pliila iiuiiiiial bun, wroir lo thr Kovrinora
of Ihr iilv, tliiil tbcv womIiI proviilr a liHlginK
anil nriraanrira for John; wbirK fuvort, vtlirn
ba hail inailr iiaii of, in two (layt* time be iliil
what Im ramr ulioul ; aonii! hr cdrruptml wUK
•»• Ibal 11^ afmaii MMn it*r*ab«<Nll>»itriM>llM^
tjMtitf)^, lba)r irtail nut, al whirH rry JiMankiM
Inrnail KaaiMi II ailamt, aiiil wlian h> aaw thai Iba
•Witnlt Wira JiMl.'at- kt« Ibroal, b« NMribail
•Way In |r>a« |l«aia i.i tha a*a •h'ira, ami tafl
Nil ib<il apairb tahirli ba waa ("la* lo maka l«
Iha protilr. upon an lt*aiill>.A of ai« i ii>i|IJ^bl|fca
ITa ifitia aritriF on » aht|i whtrFi 1»y In in* ^f
tail, ami laa|i»l inl.i II, wilh Iwu ol hia giiaMii
ami Hail away into Iba loHlal of Iha laka.
1 lUllNiW tha iiihltara ka bail Wllh bim Inall
up thair arnia liHMiriii«laly, ami niarrbnl aKainal
thr plollart iiul i>i-iphlM Wiia alrnl'l bat H ilill
war abiiiibl II* r.iitail ny Iha *n'it of a frw man.
-ami bflnK Ilia rily m rialni mi Ii* aanl a.inia nf
bta pnrly t» Irll tbam, thai Ihay •liowlil ibi n*
mora |ban |in>ai'la f.ir Ibrir uwn tafilr, Ibal
Ihay ahouM ivtl kill any hmly, nor at'iMa* anj^
liir thr iH I aaliin thaar hml iilliiriliil (of $ iliaar^
ilir. I AirioilMi||l\ till aa n|in olwyail bia onlarti
Hiiil waia ipiirt, )mt thr |i*u|il« u( Iha nal|H-
boring ronnlry, whin thty w*r# Inlnrniaiil of
ihia plot, awl of ihr pbiltar, roI t'lfalbrr In Ifraal
i.r
Miull'ituilaa III ii|iii<i« John. Hut ba pratrnlail
ihrir atlaiitpt, aiiil llnl awa) to liiai balii, hia na*
lit a my, wliila Ihr tialilaana rnma ruiiHiiiK olil
u| Ibrir aatrral rllira lo ioaanbuai ami aa tbay
Wrrr now In I'ouir many trn Ihoua.imla of armail
iMrn,llMy irlril onl Ihiil Ihry wrrr romr aKnlMl
John, Ihr roninion ploltrr aifalnal tbnr intrrrti/
mill woubl Hi Ilia aHiiir limr burn hint, ami Ibat
Illy wbn II bail rrrrlvnl bliii. Iliraupon ioa«-
iiliiia Itibl Ihani that hr look ibiir (ihhI.wiII |»
hini kimlly, but •till br raalminrir tbilr fury,
iiml inlaniirit lo atiliiluit hia rilMnlia by prmlrnt
romlui'l, rullirr than by al«yini( ihruK ao hr a«-
1 1 |ilril thoar of rury nly wbii'h hml foinril in
lliia ii'volt Wllh John, liy niiuir, who hml rraillly
lirrii abowril liim by lliina Ibal laina, from *Mttj
<il>, uml raM>r>l hulitii- proi Inmalinn to ba
mailr, that br woulil ariir Upon Ihr rlTi I'tii .of
Ibiiir Ibiit iliil nut for<iiki' J.ihn williin Dvr iliiyi''
liiiti, ami ^Molil burn liiill|thiir houtraaiiil Ibalr
fiimiliia wilb llrr. Wlirrru|ion Ihrrr lb<>uaamt
of Jobu'a iiarty Irl'l him imilirilintaly, who raiM#.
to Jiiarpliua, ii'nil thn w Ihrir nrina ilown at bia
firl. John tlirn lirtiiiik himarif, loKrthrr with
bia. two tlioiiannil Syrian runaKHlra, from opail
iillrmpla lo niun' arrrrt way a of trrii/brry. Ac>
I'liriliaiily , tir privali ly arnt uiaaarnKrra to Jrru* ,
•nirm tu arruati Joarpbu* a* bavlUK lo« KrMit
powir, anil to li'l thrii) know that br woulil aooo
I'linii', iia n I) rniit, to Ibrir nirlrii|iolia, unlraa
Ihry prrlMili'il bim. Tliia n<-i'naiiliii|i tbi' |H'opU
wcrr awarr of lirfnrrhiiml, but bail no rritanl to
il. Ilowrvi-r, aonia of tlir i;ranilcrt, onl or rury,
ami aiimii nf Ihr rulrra ulao, aant inonvy to Jubn
priviili ly, that hr iniKlit lir nlilr lo grt IOK<'lbrr
mrri'riiury aolilirra, in iinirr lo IlKbl Jotrpliins
tliry niaii inuilr a liririi' of tbrniailvr*, niiil ibia
fur rii'allinc him from bia Kovrrnmrnt; yri Hid
Ibry not think thai ilrrrrr •ufHrirnl; lo Ibry
aani wilhHl two ihouaHiiil livr hunilrril armril
mm, ami four |h raoiia of thr bl||hi'al rank
«mui)c thrm; Joniar, thr aon nf Knmii-ut, anil
•Ubiaiyr. frauila. nnd olhrra wilh moiiry, ami ao I Anaiiini. Ibr aon of S'lilduk, aa nUo Simon ami
urraundrd thrm lo rrvolt from Jiannbua. Tbia Jmlaa, tin aoiia of Jomilhiin, all >rry alilr Miin
Hilaa, who wua Rp|Hiinl«d ((uuriliun of llir rily by in upriikiuK. Il'"' *'"'"' )'<'rar>u< iinKlit willnlraw
Joarphua, wrote lo bim immrdialily, ami iuforni- the Kood-will of Ibr |iroiilr frimi-loarphiia.—
ail him of Ihr pbit aRiiinat him; wbicb rpiallr Thr>r bad il in rharcr, if lir woulil vnliinlarily
I"'" ,.
wbrn Jnarphu* had rrctivril, ba innrrbril with
|(rral illli|(rilrr all iii||bl, and canin rarly in Ibr
morniiie to Tibrriiia; at wbii'h lime lb* real of
the murtitudr mrt bini. Hut John, who iUiprrtrd
that hit I'omlnK wua not for bia ailvantafrr, •rnt.
howevrr, onr of bia frirnda, and prrtrmird that
he waa ai<'k,,aiid thai, liiiiit; roiifineil lo hia \>vt\,
he could not come to jiny him hiarra|)»tli._Hutn»
ioon Ii Joaepbui bad K"* >l><' prnple of 'I'ibrriaa
Idrctbcr in the Stadium, and tried 10 riiaiTinirar
with ibtm about tbii Irltrra tlint be bad received,
John privately lent loiiie armed men, and pive
lb«m order* to ilay biui. Uul whcD the |)copU
come away, thry aboulil prrinil bim lo [■ onifl
and I irive nn aicounl of hia conduct, but if be
ulialinali'ly inaiati'il upon hia ronllhuinc in hip
ciKrrnini nt, they aboubl Irrat bim aa un ninnT
Now Joaepiiua'a'fririiila had ami bini word thai
an Hriiiy wna rominK airninal him, liut fbiy irave
no iiiiliie lirforrliand wlial llir rcaann. ol ibrir
cominK wua, that benij; only known anions tome
■rcrri councila of bu riirmira; and by tliii
menna il ivnt that four ritira rrvnlted from bim
imniriliulrly. Srppbnria, anil liamata, and (iia-
rhnlii, and Tilirrini. Vet did hr rerovir thrfie
citii'i without war, and when he bad routed IhcM
\
I
4IIII W4iM ur TIIK tiWt.
15 -^
" •#
■f»««HU>l l« t>|r ruDMiii •m*f
llM Mfll* ol liiokaU. hf Ika laair M «rM tH •>(
Vttttwl ««(iH. Ik* |i«u|ila «>lhi« 11 l«>llmg km(
AgnfM [to wmm «» ill* •»•«•••• •< kw ••♦k«-
fMy tK*M I '^"•1 »***" !•■ ■'"' *** "*<^ ■' "**
N ^ v'^
•««
>iifi«iiii«
>( lk« •»>
.S.I
Bni«iiitt)r known •!
ia|r, lh>y •tiwllol Jii«>|>k««
X tkl* MIKllll ul Ih'lM "••
lurttk**, mmI m JiMapkH*
I MHl'iml *ll tk« •fihliantlMI ••»• •>«•• him
ID (alliK' «o>n. k« kiww not Im« tilkar l» iMan k
UMI •!«•*• KfWn** ••'• '•»•<((»>«, •>• •" •••» ">>•»•
k« «M, b*< amw k« «r» •(mid lk« ktH|t • «»<<Ii*m
Mi|hl imitiil Mm >t k« Mrrlml, awl iiii|M
Ml into lh« f ilf I *<•» •»» ■'*•' »>«l tntawl M "1<> •»>
UiiH| on lh« Mikl il»y, l»*»«» It MM lh« »•»>-
Mk •)•! , •Mti wtwH hkiMl»» kl* |ifi*«».Hlif »*»
Im fiiiitfUMl t"i ii»<Mm»m» 111* f»»i>lur» l))r •
Mr<«l»(«ini himI In tk» *'•• |'l"n • k« .inlir»il lfc»
gDtr* ul 'r»»i'k»w I" '"• •'•"'. •''•• "«''"''l "•'«•>•
f|ii uitl iimI inionii I ihwM mI TilMriM.) M wIimih
I MM iHKiHtMl. wUt •Iritliw*!)) k* WM hImiuIi
k> Ikcii (ul tovtlhcr nil tliK >)ii|wlk<il warf ii|>iin
III* ink*, wliM li wvr* liiiiml li» li* IWu kiiAiir»<i
■nil Ikirly^ *n<l in rut it ol l)i«m ka pul nu iii'ir*
Iknn lunr iM»rin»r«. Hu k* hiUiI Ut 'riUri.i*
with lia«i», •«) li»|il •! Mrh • ilwliiniii fruiii Ik*
ciU.lhal II WM iNil •••) («r Ilia |i»o|>la lu ••• l|i«
t»M*N, •■••I ur<lrr»il Ihal Ika ciiiiily wuiU
•hoiiia Itoal u|i ami iloMiii lli»r«. wkila hiiu»>t(,
wkii liail liul (otn ul hi* KuanU aiith him. anil
Ihoir un«riiit>il aUu. wtfti xi ii»ar a« lu h* mciii
but whan hi* »<l«arMH«*i who ^»t» allll ra-
■rontkiiiK hini, taw h«iE|ij^ni Iha walU. Ihcy
wara oi aaluHuhril. lhiAM«y •uppniMl all Iha
fkliM w»ra ImII ul ariiinf Wii. "I'l lhr«w Ouwn
lilair arnii, ami liy ilKHaUlul iillaccaMlun thrf
baxiiiKhl hilii l>i •|"ir« Ihailty.
9 M|Hin IhU Jua^lihiu tiirialanwl lh«ni larrl-
M*. anil laiiriHiKhwl lk<lii< lh*l whan Ihay wrra
Iba |lr>l llial <'>"!( ■>(> *''■■** "r*'"*' ">* ll'mia"*.
|h*y •h.mlil •(•Mill li"ir (■)«>■ hrfi^TthBiiiI in i:i>il
diMrniiuni, and (lu Mhiil llifir anamlrt ilfilrtil
•l}ii«« all lhinn«i mnl llial lii-»nl*« Uii'jr «huMiil
•nilanviir •<> ha>lil^ lii m\n> upuH iiini wlh> l»<>k
nra of Ihair m(«I) , (ihK kul nnt haaft ■•hain«<l
toahut Iho )tiilr« iif Ihiir hu i<»ai»»l'li'ni Ihal
bulll Ihair i«hII»i thai, 1 ._ jpiBiir woujcl aihnil
of any inl»r<»««ir« fruiii 'tl^ji
ioiiia t'ii'.uu' l<ir Ihrni, nnil ^l
■■!■« luch airaaiii«ni< ai iiitf^
Mcurlly. Il<'rru|i<>n luiiol I
of 'I'ltiaria* I'anHf iluwn In
i«h«n hf hail Uk«u Ihnni inlu
h« iinl»rr<l Ihani In hit carrv
from Ihr cily. Mi- Ihin <«
othan of thair itnalp, (urh af
vranlot aminrnrr, nhonlil ■'uinr
aliii niiKht ni»i' liini •uiii" "ntnrtly un Ihi'ir l"'-
Imlf. AlliT wliiih, nndrr uim nnw prilrhrt! tit
«thrr, hi' I'ntlril I'urlh ulhira, oii« alur nnulhxr,
-in luakx ihi- linnn** lirlwrrn Ihi ni. Il« Ihrn
■ vBvr orilar li> llii- inaalirii uf Ihota T»HaU whirh
^« hail lhu« flIli'J l"i will i>w»y liniiiaiiiaUiy for
Tanrhi'ir, ami I" i iiiiliin' Ihirn- inrn in the |iri«tui
Ihrra; till nl lanKlh hr Imik all their wiialr.cnn'
•inlinK of "ix hu"'lr«»l |i«rt<in», ancf kliout Iwo
lliouaanil of tli« |>n|iuUce, ami cirricil thcin
■wny Id Tarichr*. , , ,
10. Ami whan Iha r»«l of lh« prople critd out,
(hat it wai uni' (.'liiua that waa the chief author
of tliiareyolt, llii'V ilralrtil him lo ipeml hia an-
Iter ii|i<in hlin loi'ilv;! Imt Joarjihua, whiwr in-
• I finnot but lliliik Ihia •Uaiaiam of Jnaapliua,
Wbkk l«r«:>Ma boUi b«i«Md Ml kl*Ufil,llcl. N, 33,la
in Ik* afclfi. «M>I #ail<t| lo l«*|i ohI ■•! Jl, in
xfilar lu •i«ii<4« llta uHiilakawnl ki»i»ll. ka
ka((<H ikarafMf* friiin lk« ikura, Ikal k« «<iitM
l*a>« ktw iiMT uf kit kamlt, wkiak J«M|<kiM
agraail In. «|nin rnmlilln* Ikal ka unnkl k^muU
«wl ull Ik* Mifc*> kalMi a^runllniliri k* iln«
kta iwufil, and wilk kM 'igkl kaml anl ntf kit
kfl, «•) (raal waa lk« fcaa k* w«i In «f i«
aapkna klniaaU AmI ikna k* Imtk ih* l*'>||kl
ol litiariM |.fia4iii»fa, anil r».i«*r«l Ik* >il»
again wilk amidy aki|w* and a*«<A ••! ki* gwlM,
,\Tnr>n«*r, a l«w ila»a*ft«rwari| ka liM»k liiaik*.
la, wklrh kail r*»rtMttl ariih Ih* |iaii|il« ul »•)^
|(kuria, *n>l (*>* hia auhiiara laai* In |ilHH<la» ili
)al (ImI h* gal all Ik* jilumlaf lng*lk«r, <Mk|
r*alurail It III Ik* Inkalillania, (ml Ik* lik* k*
•liil !•■ Ik* tnhaliilanla u( nippkuria ami Fllwfiaa
lur »h>n k* hall tiihdnail Hun* tlli««, b« h'ul a
Hiiml.h) lallmg lloMi li* |ilMniJ*>*<li lugiaii Hum
a<im* «u<Ht inalruriiuB, whil* «l Ilia aaHi* lMii»k«
'taluring Ikam Ikair
niui """
It iiiak*
rr|t*lnr<l Ihair gi»nl'Wil|,.terr«alurln|
niunfy again ifVur
Tht Jtvt mnki nit nlWy/.i Iht M'nr. Ami .Vt.
mim (k< 'Hwn >4fMll»ra« yWll (a ffiiMarinf
1 1. Anil Ihiia wvr* Ih* i(i<lurtian<'«a ul liah-
Ir* iinivlril, when, U|MMi Ihair rraiUg l'i_|>r'>ia<
i-Ml« ihalr I i«ll ilMaantiona. Ih*y ^«i ik' llunt*
wUfa lo iiiakr prriiaralluna lor lk« l*«r wttli ik*'
Koiiiana. Now In icruaalriii Ih* hi||h |>ri>M
Ananua, ami aa many ol Ih* man ul puwar a|
t«*r« ngl In Ih* inl*r<'al wf Ih* Human*, hulk •*•
itnirnl Ih* walla, ami nml* a gr**l many warliU
inalnlni*AI*, inauniuth that in all paria uf ih*
Illy ilarta anil all turia of ariiiur w*r* ii|Mia Ilia
anvil. Allhuiigh Ik* niulliluil* of Ih* >uu*g
m*n warv »iigHg«il in aivniara, nriihout aii) ra-
gnlarity, anirRll {lUr** w>r* lull Of luniiiliuuM
iluingt; lull Ih* uiiHlvnta tort w»r* •ic*«iliii|ly
tail, aiitl a gr*al many ihfra w«r* Who.out ii/lM
|irot|i*(U lliay liail cif Jy^caUniili** thai nan
• timing U|Hin llinii, tflH|''Kr<'al lauianlali'iiu.
'fhrf* W*r* alio aiu h ifflirni nharrvnl aa mtn
un<l«rtliHHl Id h« forrrunnara of vail*. liy am ha*
lo«<'il |i*acr, liul wi'rv lijr ihiHM that kimllnl Ih*
war iM|rr|ir*l*il ao aa lu aull lh«iruwn ini'limiliona;
anil l\\f ttty alata of lh« rily, Ki»n halur* tk*
Humana rnni" againal il, wa* thai uf ■ fl*i'*
iluuiiKil to lirilriii'llon. llowa«*r, AnanHa'a'on-
I'l rn waa th)a, lo lay aaiile, for ■ whil*. Ihr |>ra-
liarntiuiia fur ihv v»ar, ami lu (wranail* thv inli,
louatncnnauh lli*ir own inlcrral, anil lor*aliaiil
Ailnraa lA ihoa* Ihal hail thr oaiiii- of laal-
hul III! iFvluli'ii<:<' wa< lull hnnl lor hull, ami
ml ht> raoir lu wp aha|l rrlal* hrrraliir.
i. Hill itiLd^^hr^^Arrabliriia lu|wrrhy, Simon,
th* aiiii u|jBff«1;'j(ul a fn»i nuiiihrr ol ihut*
that wrM NNnl'of iniioviitiiHia lugrthl'r, ami Iw'
took liiniarif lu rnvag* Ihi' rpuiilr> ; iiiir iliil h*
uiily huraat Ihti rich ni< n'a huuaia, (ml Inrmriilnl
llir'ir lioilira, ami npiimrril o|i«nly anil liafuri'
huiid to all«i't lyrauiiy iu hit governiiirnt. 'Anil
whrn an ariiiy wat.taiil aKaintl him liy Anitniit
and lh« othar rulcrt, h* and hit band r«linil to
the rolilKrt that wrr* >t Matadn, and tiaid ,
thiT*, iiihl iiliiiidrrrd ih* country of liloinr*
With thrm, till lioth Ananua and hii other ailrrr-
aariai wrre alain, and Until thr ruUra ol that
country wrrc tu aftlictrd with Ih* inulliliidc of
Ihoar tnal wrri' tinl.i, mid with th* ciintinunl ra-
viKa of what llirj' had, that ihi-t ruiard an uruiy,
and put garriiiin* into th* villazra. lu icrura
Ihrin fr<im thiiar inauitt; ami in thit tUI* wcra
lh« afliiira of Jiidrn lit Ihal lime.
Ihi one of the Onett that ever waalnirtntcd «nd (!•(»
l«d by any wniiloi wk«l*o«v«r.
■ •%,K,
In git <tmt »t i%»
NiM • K « m >* . )r«|
bllMwII •Wl*«, IM
■Htl xAhxI I,< |,|
■ Mm* !»•• fa**-
l«*|i "Ht III it, lit
n#nl Ki**»«*lf, h«
f<, (hat k« wmnIiI
, oktok Jn*>|AiM
||« «it««lil iMlHAaU
inltngly, %• ilrav
1 NaimI tut tilt lki«
k* oiM In n( )■•
I tiHtk lN» JWiiyi*
>rii«iin<l tfc* 'lit
l«*ll III ki* K»tM
i| ka look liiok*.
kc |l#tttll«' of Hc|t.
• ■>> (•■ |llHH<t>> ll,
lUr l<ig«lk«r, •»!
>, (ihI Ik* likii k*
Kuruaml FtlwttM
rrili«<, bn ItiMi •
t—k, \at,\i» lh«m
II III* •«Ht«i iHiirlw
KlurlKg lk«M iknt
I.
U H*»r. And 11^
)» la ftuMtrtitf.
ilurti*n<'«» of lith-
ilicjr H|ii>.ih lli>m»
r lk« Ww •>)»> lU
II th« liigli |>ri*i(
ntaii III ^iwnr ii|
• Huiiicii*, tiiiUi ••<
grc*! many Mwlikt
II *n paria <i( iht
iiiir w>ra ii|Min IIm
uil* of Ik* )'>iiim
ica, Miilhiiul ail) n-
lull u( luiiiuliuuM
I mm aicaailiiwlr
>«ra Miko,nul »/ IM
iluniilUa dial <t<r«
(ml laiii«nlaii'iiu.
I nharrT»il «» iftn
of aviU, liy auiliu
M« that kiiullril iha
ilruwnini'linaliua*!
tjr, ryoii lul'ora (ha
laa Ihal u( • f !•<'•
ta«*r, Ananua'aiua-
r ■ wkitc, III* |>rt-
I |i«raiia<t* lli> ••■■li'
iml.aiiil lornlraia
II tlir oaiiii- n( u*^-
III) linnl lor liiiii, »n>l
I ri<lalr hrrratiir.
la lii|Nin'h), Simon,
Hi iiumhrr o( ihnM
I lugrlki-r, ami Iw'
piiiilrv ; nor iliil ha
iiiaia, liut Inriiiriiliil
oiMiily anil Iwlnrt-
goYarniiirnt. Ami
mil him hy Aimniii
Ilia ImoiI rclirril to
Maanila. ami •laid ,
cniinlry of liloiiirt
■nil hit (ilhrr aiWrr-
the rulrra ol that
til Iha inulliliiita of
th Iha ninliliuttl ra-
Ihrt raiaril an army,
I villazra, In tcrura
I ill Ikil aUla wci*
uie.
ulnttntcd «ndtM(»
n< MUM III
m
CHAr
I I, WMan N'ro
III Mi«>aa« la Jml
lAt firm VBlIf AmA!«tir«MII>l« m
,|llltii|>«itM4l,A
I rMH '"y Ikaf ia itl'HSI Imn twnff^fm #»• fcw*^'
f, , llnJ anti lataaiy litfl>«*g«, aiKl araa al«»M an
'••amy ll) Ilia J««a> n« aikitk a#«MaHl Ihtyila-
tanaiiMil t» BWka ik'if Im alMi agatiMt il, •«•<
III nMka Ikalf a^xiaika* Im t« *a iiaaf a* |a>«a»>
M« rtti« ••■aft'ia •»» l»>l «" hy iti»»» ni«a,
I liMm all. InilN l>ir tiranglk
IlKliinaa. k* hmw |if»ii'n.l»il •» In ill. anil !■• ha>a
a mnI tNiwilor III allk^hi'tail ai i iil>nla lakaiai)
atar.^tVal >tl>l Iha ilTanrkaiKa ikat waa In kla
•»«! plalaly aptiaar h> ik* kiIii ilu>la ka laaa la
f knar )u rai iittt kit at >«lr> again |
t. Awl M ka Miia ilaltlwraling la «k«m ka
ikoaM mMttitt III* I «ra iif iha rttt. mtw li "a*
M lu graal a tnniinoluyi, awl whn migkl ka^ha
kaa« altla In |iMnl<h Iha Jaw* f»r Ihalr iahalli<in.
•Wl nilgkl praxnl Ika (ama i||al«in|»r Iriim
••Itiag U|MHI Iha n»l|kli<>rlNg aalNiiia alau, ha
(■Hail no iiaabul Vaa|i«ilanai|ual In Iha laali,ai»l
•Ilia li> Hiularin ill' uroil li<iriUii'>( to mlahlr a
•ar, Maine ha woa gniwing ait ulil aian alraatly
la Iha rani|i, ami Irimi bt« tovlh bail liaf n a(*r>
(laatl in wirlilia >>|iliillai ha Maa alan a aiaMlhal
kati long agn |iai lAiil iha w<>al, ami utai|a II aiili-
uri III Ilia lliiHiaiK. niihtii ll hail lM«n |"il Milo
diaunUr by tha (Irrniaiu, ka ka<l al><t rrmoarfiil
In Iham llrlUitt by kla arma, whitk k»l kaan III'
lla kiluwn bafiiNii* wkatahy ka ftrnrurail •» kla
(aihar Claniltiia In kana a iriMni)ik haalntaail »n
klin wltkiiHl any aw»al nr lalmr of hia nwn.
i. %) Nam ••l#aniail ikaaai i in'umtUmt'aa aa
fatiirahla oiiiana, anil aaw ikal V aaiwatan'a agi-
!«•« hint tura at|Hrirnit>, ami grtal akill, ami
' I ha hail bia aont aa hualag>a lor kit Iklrlily la
aal^anil Ihal ika Mniiriakiug agv that wi<ra in
ka llifiii III intlr)liiA'nl« nibltduhair fa-
ani » I'a^MM^*" iWl^i'^iia aoiiia
»■ lif frSpPr whirh wn. tV*"<K
r Va«|Maia1iT baing liiiiitcH >iii(larnr
tflan^ril. ll|Min Iha whola, ka a«nl thi* man In
laka upon hint |ha i iiiniiianil of lliti arntlat Ihtl
••ram Sjf rill, 1>ul lhl» mil wUhnut gfal rn<!n-
Miunit ami nallrrinc roni|M'llaliun<, atti'b at iir-
(fMlly raiiiiirail, anil aui'b at mighl timlltfy hint
Inlu i:uni|ilalaanra. Sn Vaaiwaian lanl hi* ton
Titu* fruiM Achaia. wbtrv hr ha<l brin wllh
Nam, tu Alaiamlria, In bring; liaik wilh hlni rruin
Ibtmalha hflh and llm inilTi Ir^inna. wlith' In'
kiiiitvir, t»h«n ha bail imaadl Our iha Hallra-
puni, laiiia b« lami inin Syria, whara hagalhi'ml
lugtlhar iha Hoinan liircra, wllh a rnnit'larabla
■uiiibar uf auiiliariaa from tha kins* in thai
MighborhooU.
CIIAI». II.
A grml Hkughltr of tht Jiwi nfconl Aitalon.
Viipvian comt$ lo Plohmmil.
{ 1. Niiw (ha Jint, aflar thry had bralrji
Caitiut, wara an tnurh <l»valad wllh Ihair UH*>-
paclad •iicrat*, Ihal tbry ruuld not gofarn Ibclr
tail, but, lika pro|ilv lilnwu up into a llama by
Ihcir giiud fnrlunr, carriril the war In rrnioltIV
pitrrt. Aci-ur>linKl,V <bry [irraantly p;nl lorrlbar
■ great niultiluda ol'all lliair tiiutt hardy toliliari,
■nd luarcbad awny for Atralun. Thi* i* an aii-
• Ttkaiha ronAfinallon of ihia In Iha wnrilaof Huato-
nlui, hara (iriMlnrad hv Kr. Iluilaon. — " In the rrlKii of
CItuitiua," aiiya lit-, " Veaimalan fur Ilia •ake »f Naida
iua, wttai-iit aanlkuiiinaiil of a iFaion Inlullariiiany.
Thatica h« ramovail liHu Uriiain, and fuughl thirty bM
waa Anlnntn*
I tkata Jaw*. ikaraAiaa. mM */ Ikatf •mm**
HMftkad faatar ikan ortllnary, and. aa if Ikay
kiHl cunia Iml a lull* way, apt>rnai had nary naar
Ika rily, ami war* rnma aaan In ll . Iiul Aii<nitili«t
wkn waa m.l itna|i|iri«id of Ika allaik lk«y wa>«
going In niaka i«|i<ih tha i it) . draw 'lot Kla hur«#i
manliftnrahaiMl, ami balag nailkva titiinfad •!
Ika ninlllliHla mir at Iha inwraga itf Iha attaaiy,
raiaivad Ihair Ural alla< ka wHn I'aal liraa ary i
and wkan Iha; • roWiUd In Ika tary wnlla. ha baal
Ihantut. hnw Iha Jrwa war* uiMkilliil in war,
but m*n •• Igkl wilk ikoaa ikal w*ra akdfwt
Ikaraltl) «kay wara foulm**. In »«hl with koraa-
man (lka« wara in iliatinlar. In AkIiI Ihnat Ikal
warn «nii*i| logathar, iha; war* |HMirl| arinad,
lo Aghtlhoaa Ihal wara roiu|il*l*ly *n, lh*y wi.r4
I.I Aghl Mior* by Ihrir rag* than by tuliat «»«••
a«l, and w*ra a>|«>aad In auldiar* Ikal wara at-
m lU iibaillanl. ami did a«*ry lklii| ihay wara
liiibtan upon Ih* laatl Intimaliuti. Hn that wrr«
•aally hcalani lor fa K»>H at atrr lllair llrti
runkt wi re om^a in ilia<irilar, Ihait w*ra pnl t«
Night by Iha cwrniy't raralry, ami Ihnaa af llirm
iImI «aiu* Itrhuad tm h aa rmwilad In Ihr wall,
fall U|mn iktir, <iwn |Mr(y't waapnti*, a»»l b*iam»
onaanolbrr't, cB*mi«ai and ihia to long till Ihay
wara all foriiKd In gir* W|y In ih* alla> ka of iha
hnftrtiitn, ilM wrra dit|>art*il all lb* plain ot«r,
wbii h plain waa wida, and all At for iha hone-
Htani wkick .i-tatMtnMtaaca waa naty cuniauUnl
for ina Humana, and urriMunail tha alaui(hlrr of
Ilia greaU.I ntamlivr of Iha J*w«i for ant h ■•
ran iiw««,thi'* couUI u«attrun Ikani, and imika
lh*ui I'urn baiii, and whan ihajr hud brought
iliaiii Wk allar ibrir Hiwhl, and drltcn Ibaiii lo<
gvlhaf , (hay ram Ihiin through, and tlaw • ••«(
nunilwr of lha«n, »i«iHDu«h lltal h|hart ani'iMU<
paatad ii<><«r* of llkrin, and drova Ihatii btfnra
lliim avhlth'^aarM'vai |h*y lurnvil ibaiUM'Iti a, ami
tlvW Ihani M«il> with llmr arrowt, ami tb«
gri-al nnmlHIf Iki ra Wr* >rf «ka J'Wt taaniad •
tollliad* I*. tkMMtlvM, br rcnatin of iha dialrtM
Ihay atfira in, ipula ih* Hniiiana had ailrli goii4
tw'catt arilh Ibair aliiall niltubrr, IMI thi-j taaai*
«d lo iheniaaU** lo bf On- graaK^r mulliudf.
And at Ika fnrniar tlrtiTr taaloutly «io<*rr thuif
mitfnrluiiat ont of tha tham* "f • tmliUn HIghl,
•mi hopatnf Iha ckanff in t'lifir IUH;«a», ao di«l
Iha Ullar faal no waktSheta br ration of Ihair
gond fnrtunai iiraotuuch Ihal Iha Aghf latlad nil
ihK avaning, lill ten ihoiitamf man of iba JaWi'
lidr l«y ilaad, with Iwn of Ihalr ganaralt, Jnhi»
•ltd Sil«tj and tbt> graairr part of iha ramntndft
wara woumlfd, wilh Nigtr, Ihair r*nitilBin|f g«-
rttral, who tlad away logi-lhrr lo a Hiiatl <.lly of
Idumrn, calkd Sallit; toiiir frw •lio of th« Ro-
munt wcri! Woundid in Ihia b^llla.
Ilaa whk Hia anamjr-" In Vaap. aar t. 4. Wanlayalta
haranola from Jiwapliua. thai I'linidlii* tin- iiniii-ror-
wbotrlumpto'it for lhi> r»iii|iiial iifllrliiiln, « iit riinlilaj
ao IS do li* Vi'aiuiaian't rnmlurl and lirnvi-ry and Ihal
k«liharatiyk>d/»«/a/*»i-a/'r«»^a«ia«' .
3U
./
•to
§
1.1
■V '>■<■
,'V
. /
I !•
482
WARS 01' THE JEWS.
It "■
f
3, Ytt were, not the uniritii of the J« « • brokiii
by io grenl a calamity, i)iit tli« lo»«i» th<)-|iml
■uttsini'ii riitht-r qu^rlttiii^tl their rciuliilioU (ur
otiicr Bll«iii|it»; for, ovi iioi)kiii(f th»' atiiil lioilm
wljich lay utilJer tliiir fn t.Uiiy w.ri' iii«ir<»r hy
Ihtir former gloriou* iiitiuiis to viiilurt| "•' ii
wcoiict dctlFuiHioii ;■»'(> when ihev huil lii'm »>'"
•o little a ivliilr llml their wounifn were iiot tho-
roughly rnrtjil, they got together nil their forc.n.
■nil caJHe wi<h ({roater fury, nml in niurli greater
nuiubcrJ, toA»c«lon. Hut their loriner ill li>r-
tune fiillowWI them, a* the con»«<(uenre ol their
vnikill'ulness, ami otlier ilelioienrieii in w»rj lor
Antonius laiil Binbu»lHa for tlieiu in the nuMiigts
they were to go through, where they fell into
•na'rei uiiitpecledly, iiml .where they were coiii-
pamccl about with horkeiiien, before they could
roHiithuiii«elv«« into II regilliir body for lighting,
■ml were above eight thoutnnd of iheni »hinr- »"
all the rest of themriin uiviiy, ami wilh them
' Mg> T, who atill did a great inuiiy bold exiiloiH in,"
bit (tight. Howeifer, they were driven niong toj
gttbe? by the enemy, who iire«»ed hard ujion
them, into a certain itroiig tower b'l longing to »
tillage called Ueicdcl. However, Aiilonioii nml
fail iwrly, that they might neither Miend niiy eon-
■ideTable time about this tower, which w;i»h»rd
■ to be taken, nor luffer their coiimiimder, nml the
liloat courageous man of thcm^nll, to <w,api' from
thcln, they set the wall on fl^w; ami as the tower
flM burniiiK, the Ilomnns wiilt iiway rejoicing,
ii taking it I'oF granted that Ni|j^r was destiov-
ed; but Tic leaped out of the tower into a subter-
• T»neou» cave, in the innermost part of it, iind
WM preserved ; and on the third day aflrrwiird
»ire ipoke out of the ground to those' that with
great hniieptations were searching lor hini, in
order to give him a decent fniieriil ; nml when he
wai coinc out,: be filled all the Jews with an un-
expected joy, as though he were pre''ervcd by
God's provirfoiicc to bs their commander lor the
.Unie to come. - ' , ^. .
4. And tinw Vespasian took along with hiiii his
: •rmy from Antioch (which is the metropolis ol
Syria, and witFiout dispute deserves the iilace ol
Ibe third city* in the habitable earth, tliut Wiis
. ander the KoiAan eiiipire, btith in magnitude, aiid
other marks of prosperity,) wlurc he found king
Agrippa, with all his forces, waiting foe his
coming, and marched to rtnlciimis. At this city
■ also the iulwbitunts of Sepphoris of (.ialilec met
him, who were for peace with the Koniiin.s.
These citizens had bel'orihand taken care of
their own safety, and being sensible of tlie power
of th* Romans, they had been with Cesj^iiLS Uat-
lua, before Vespasian can"', i»nd bad gijHi their
^ faith t& him, und 'received the security of his
right hand, and UaiV received a Roman giirrisoii;
•nd at this time witnul they received Vespasinii,
Ibe Koni^n geneml,\yery kindly, and reaitily
promised that tUeywoitld assist him against thiir
own countrymen. Ni^vv the general delivered
them, at tlieir xlesire, i^s iiiany hiJrsenien and
footmen asubt tliou^ht sufficient to oppose the In-
.'■. cursions of the Jews, if tliey should come against
tbeni. And/indeed the danger of losing Sep-
; phoris woul^-be HO sniiill one, in this war that
iMras now beginning, seeing it was the largest city
^f Galilee, iyd built in a place by nature very
Strong, and might be a security of the whole na-
iioB'i [fidelity to the Romans.]
, CHAP. III.
A Dttcnplton fifOalilte, Samaria, and Juiea.
\ 1. Now Vhu-nicia aiid Syria encompass about
o the Uadiiccs, which are two. and called the Upper.
Galilee, and the Lower, iTiey arc bounded to-
wards the 8un-»etting, with tlic borders of the
territory- belonging to l'tolcinais,!im! by (?armel;.
which mountain hud formerly belonged totheGu-
lili ,ina, but now bi longed to the Tjrrinn^. to wlm h
niounliiin adjoint Gaba; which is called "the
city of horiemen," because those horsemen flial
wer«Ji»'ni»»ed by lUrod the king dwelt Ihi rem,
thty are bounded on tlie south with Sanmriii nmi
i^iTlhopolis, us far us the river Jordiln; on llii!
ea,t wil-h llippehe and Gadnrjs, and also with
Gaalauitis, and the borders ol the kingdom o(
A|rippa; ils northern parts are bounded by
Tyre, ami the country of the Tyriaiu. A» for
that Galilee which is called the l.owet, it exK mil
in length from Tiberias to /abulon, and^l iha
in«ritime places I'tolentaia is its neigliimr; its
breadth is from the village called Xaloth, which
lies in the great nlam, as far ai Uersube, liura
which beginning also is taken thebreudlh ol ih».
tpperGidilee, us fa^ as the village Haca, whirh
divides tlie laud of theTyrians from it; Hi leii;;th
ia also from Meloth to Thella, a village Thar tu
Jordan. ■ ■ • •
: 2. These two Galilcea, of' so great largein«
and encompassed, with so many nations of lur-
eigiiers..have beeh alwaya able to make n slniiis
leiistanre on all occasions of war; for the UM-
Itnns arc inured to war from their infancy, am!
haiebeen iilwiiys very uumerpusj nor halli tlic
country been ever destitute of men- of eonriis''^
or wanted a uunierous set of thefir. for thi-iri-uiil
is nnil'ornilv rich and fruitful, ami full ol ihc
plnnlalioiw of trees of all sorts, insomui h that it
invites the most slothful. to take pains in its till-
tivation, by its I'ruitfulnessi accordingly it is all
cultivated bv its inluibitants, and no part ul i'-
lies idle; Moreover, the cities lie here viry
lliick,iind the very many villages there are hire
I ...11 1* 1.. K.- till. ..ii'li.
are evtrv where »o lull of people, by
the
ricli-
t'li($V
HISS of their soil, that the very least o
contain above iifleen thousand inhabitunts
3. In short, if any one- will suppose th;it(lali-
lee is inferior to I'erea in magnitude, he will bf
obliged to prefer it before it in its strength; tor
this is all capable of cullivation, and is enrj-
where Iruill'iil; but lor I'erea, which is imltiJ
much larger in extent, the greater part nl it n
desert niul rough, and much less disimsed lur (lie
i.roduclion of tliemihler kinds of fruits; yet liali '
It a moist s.iil [in other parts,] and produces » 1
kinds of fruits, and its plains arc planted ivitli
trues of all sorts, while vet the olive-tree, the
vine and palm-tree, are t'liiefly cultivated tlieit.
It is also sulficieiitly watered with torrents, wliah
issue out of tlm .mountains, and with springs that
never fail to run, cvtii when the torrents fsa
Iheiii, as they do in the dog-Jays, Nowlhi-
lin"-th of I'erea is from Maclierus to I'ella, ami
its "^breadth from I'hiladelphi* to Jordan: its
northern parts tire boUhded by Pella, as we havr
already said, as wellas its western with Jordgn;
the laml bf Aloab is its southern border, anil its
eastern limits reach to Arabia, and Silbonilis,
and besides to I'hilmlelpl'ene "'"' Gerasa.
4. Aow, &s to the country of Samann, it lie*
between Juden- and Galilee; it begins in a vil-
lage that is in the great plain called Ginea. aiid
ends at tlic Acrabbene toparchy, and is entirely
of the same nature with Judea;for both coun-
tries are made up of hills«ud valleys, and are
moist enough for agriculture, and are very. Iruil-
ful. They have abundance bf trees, and are lull
ofnutumnnl fruit, both that which grows wilil^
anil that which is the effect of cultivation. 1 hey
are not naturally watered by many rivers, but
derive tlieir chief moisture from j-ain water, of
which they have no want; and for those rivers
which they have, all their waters are exoeei.iiig
sweet: by reason also of the excellent grass
thfcv have, their cattle yield more milk than ilo
thoiein other places; and, whiit is thc_greute8l
sign of cxcelliucy and of abundance, they eacti
*)l Jhem are vcjry full of people. i .
5. In the limits bf Samaria and Jtidcn lies tne
• Spanliriin and Relnnd lioil: ai-'ree.tlnt thetworiliea Pyr'ia, were Itnnic nml Ale.Taiidria; nor is there any oe-
tt t t esttcniCil g r eate r lliuii .Vntiucl i , the i ii c tiu| i ulis of casiuii lur iloulil In s o j i lain a ca s e .
BOOK II1.-CHAP, IV. V.
483
BT^rinns.lowhic.b
ill iH mllcil "ilif
lout Uurkiiiii'ii (Iml
iiii^ ilw< It till run,
I with Siiiiihrhi ami
rr Jiirdiiii : uii tlin
rj>, mill iilno Altli
LiF iliu kln);(luiu of
I >ru buumU >l bjr
! 'tyrimu. A* fur
e I.owi')', it t'Xti'iidi
ibuluii, iind/Ol' lh«
I itn mii^iiimr; In
illcd Xuluth, which
r ai liiT'iibc, tVum
I the bri'iiillli (li.ihc.
viilagv Itaca, whirh
,H from it; iiiiliiislh
la, u villiige IKar tu
•o gH'iit l;irgiii(«
any iiatioas of fur-
le to make n iXnmf
■ war; for th«- (iili-
i their iiifiimy, ajid
roufi nor Imlli flic
)l' niciri.f iii)»mj;»;
tli«-(ir. for tht-ir>Dil
fill, ami full (jf ihc
rts, iii9oiiiu< h that it
iikv pal hit iii'itsrul-
atconlingly it i« nil
<i, ami no part uf I'.
ties lie he re vrrj
lagei there are lure
eople, lly the ridi-
very least of tlnji
(I iiiliabiluiits. ,- •
II suppose tliat Oali-
iljnitudc, he will he
L III its stieii^lh; for
atioii, and n evtrv
L'a, wliieh i« iiidtiJ
({reater part nf it It
leiis di!>|io»ed fur the
idsof friiils; yetliMii '
»,] and prodnces nil
as arc planted with
t the olive-tree, the
edy cultiviUedtlieie.
I with torri'iits, Hhiih
ind with spring's that
leii the torrents f»i'
log- Jays, Kow the
aciicrus to I'ella. and
phiA to Jordaii: its
by Pelltt, as we hiivf
vestcrn with Jordsb;
them border, anil its
rabia, and Silbonilis.
le aod Gerasa.
ry of Samarta, it lies
e; it begins in a vil-
in called Ginea, and
irchy, and is eritirelv
udea;'for both conn-
Ind valleys, and are
e, and are very, fruil-
I of trees, and arc lull
t which grows wiUli
of cultivation. Ttej
by many rivers, but .
! from j-ain water, of
; and for those rivers
waters arc exoeeiliug
f the excellent grass
Id more niiik than do
whiit i» the grcutesi
ibundancc, they each
opie. I
•ia and Jtidcn lies the
i<Irla|nori»th«rcanyoe-
eaie. — — —
i
villain of A nuath, which ii also named llon^roS.
This is the northern boundary of Juilea, The
tonthrru p«rta of Judea, if tliev be measured
lengthways, are bounded by a villngti ailjuiiiiiijr
to the confines of Arabia; the Jews thiit dwell
there call it Jonlan. Ilowevfr, its breadth is ex-
tended fnnn tlie river Jordan to Joppa. 'i'lie city
of Jerusalem is situated in the very niiildle; on
which account some have, with sagiieity eiuiu|i;h,
caVed that city tife navel of the country. Aor
indeed is Juilea destitute of such di fights as
come iroin the sen, rincc its iiiiiritlnie iiluceH ex-
tend as far as I'toleinais, it was parted in eleven
portions, in which the royal i:ity of Jeru»alein was
the supreme, and pri'siifed over all tin' neigh-
boring country, as the head does overthi: body.
As to the other cities that were inferior tii it, lliey
presid<;d over their several loparchies; lioph-
im was the second of those cities, and neirt to
that Aprabuttn; alter them 'riianiiui, and l.ydiln,
and Kinmaiis, anil Fella, and liliiiiieii, anil i'n-
gaddi, and llerodiuni, iind Jirif-ho; and after
them raiiir Janinia and Jnppn, ns presiding over
the neighboring peoole: anil linides these there
wJis the region of (lUniala, and Gaulunitis, and
Ratanca, aiid Trachnnilis, which are al<ii parts
of the liingdoiii of A^rippu. This [last] coun-
try begins at mount Libanus, and the fountains
ot Jordan, and reaches breadthways to the lake
«f Tiberias; and in length is extended, from a
village called Ar|ihn, asiaras Julias. Itsinhiibi-
tants an: a inixlure of Jews and Syrians. And
thus have 1, with all po^sifile brevity, described
the country of Judea, aud those that lie round
abe^t it.
CHAP. IV.
Josephvt makes an .llltnlpt H/^an Sepphoris, hut
U repelled. Tilut coniei with a great Jl rmy to
Plolemait.
j 1. Now the auxiliaries who were sent to as-
sist Ihc people of Sepphoris, being a thqusand
horsemen, and "i 'luusand footiiien, under I'la-
cidiis the trilnii.. . >ilrhed their camp in two
bodies in the great | ! lin. The foot wire i ;it into
the city to be a guard to It, 1>ut the horsi lodged
abroad in the ranip. The^e last, by marching
continually one way or othei, and overrunning
the parts of the adjoining I'oiintiy, wi'ie very
troublesome to Joseplius and his men; they also
filundered all the places that were mit of tlieclty's
ibcrty, and interivpted sucli a^ durst go aliriKid.
Oti this account it was tijnt Jirtipliiis marchi'd
against the city, as hoping to take what he had
lately enronipusyed with so strong atvnil, before
they revolted from the rest of the (ialilcaus, that
the Romans would have had murli ado to lake it;
by which means he proved loo ui^iik, ami I'uileil of
his hopes, both as to forcing tin- place, and as to
his prevailing with the iMciple nf Sf|iplions to
deliver it up to liim. liy this iiieaiir lie provoked
the Romans to treat the country according to
the law of war; norilid the Komaiis, out of t lie
anger they bore at this' attempt, leave oil' either
bv night or bv day burning the placi:s in the
plain, and stealiiij; aivay lH«f cattli; that KtrK in
the country, and killing U'hab>^ever anpeiired ca-
pable of fighting, perpetually/tHxl lending the
weaker people as slaves into. Oiptivily : so that
Galilee was all over lilled with fire and blood;
tiorwas it exempted froiii any kind of misery and
calaniityi for the only refuge' they had was this,
that when they were pursued, they Could retire to
th£ cities which had ivalls built them by Josephus.
2. but as to Titus, he sailed over froni Achilla
to Alexandriai and that sooner than the winter
season did usually permit; so he took with him
those forces he wus sent for, and luarching with
*Thi» deirrlptinn of the exact symmetry and rem-
larity of the Hnuian army ami of llie Itoiiian rriiamp-
meiits, Willi the sonndin'L' their trumpets, ,<i:r. ami or-
der of war, desrrilied in this anil the next rliapter, is so
wry liltf to the symmetry and regularity of the people
great expedition, he came suddenly l() ribtcniais.
and there li.iidiiig Ins liither, togither with the
two legions, the fifth and the teiilht which were
the most eminent legioni of all, he joined ihem
to that lifteenlh legion which was witli his tatlier:
eighteen cidiorts liilloweil thi«e leKi<ms; there
came also live cuhorts from ('iC'^area, with one
truqp of liorseiiien, and five other troops of horse-
I nicii from Stria. ISow these ten colmrts hiwl
severally atlionsniid fiiutiiirn, but tlui other thir-
teen cohorts had no more than six Mnilred fool',
niej^ aiiiece, and a hundred und twenty horse-
men, rheri' were alio a considiTidile nuiiibef
of auxiliarie?! got tou:<lher, tliat came from til*
kings Aiitloehus, and 'Agrlppa, and Sohemus,
each of tlieiii coiitriliulim; one thousaiidiiiotiiien
that were tindiers, and a thoUaiiiiil hOrsnuen.
iMalchus, uNii, the king uf A rabia, sent a thousand
horseineii, besides live thousand footmen, the
greatest partofwlioiii were irrelnr"; so that the
whole army, inrluiliiig the niixiliiiries sent by the
kings, as well horsemen as footmen, when all
were united ti-gether, umounteil to nixty thou-
sand, besiiies the servants, who. as lliey follow-
ed in vast iiuiubers, so because they liad been
trained up in wnr wilh the rest, ought not to be
distinguished from tlie lighting men; for as thi'y
were in the master's sejvice in times of peace,
so did they undergo the like dangers with thini
in tiiiiesol war, iii'omucli that they were infi rior
to none, either in skill or in strength, only they
were ilMBject to their masters.
>V CHAPWK*
A Deirription of (he Human 'Armies, and their
{'amps; auJ ti/' other iiariitiilars/iirwhiih tlit
Knmiiiis are cummeiiiltJ.
{ 1. Now here one cannot but admire at the
precaution of the Romans, in proviifing tlieni-
.selves of such household jierVants, as uiii^ht not
only serve at other times for the common otiiccs
of life, but might also be.of advantage to them in
their wars. And, indeed, if any ono does but at-
tend to the otherparls of their military discipline,
be will be forced to confits, that their obtainin<t
so large a doininioii hath bei'ii the acquisition of
Iheir valor, und not the bare gift of furluni'; for
thry do niit b(>giii to use thi-ir weapons first in
time of war, nor do tliey then put their hands
first into motion, while they avoided so to do in
times of pence; but as if llieir weapons did iil-
nays cling to thtiu, tiny have id vi r any truce
fnnn warlike exercise; nor do they stay till times
of war admonish them to use tliem ; fur their mi-
litary exercises differ not at all from the real use
of their arms, but every snlilier is every day < xer-
cised, imd that with real <liliger.ir, as if It were
in time of war, w Inch is the rea»on why they bear
tile fatigue of'battles so easily; for neither cijO"
any disorder remo^' them from their usual re-
gularity, nor can flwallriglit them out of it, nor "
can labor tire them; uliich lirmncss of conduct
makes them always to overconie those that have
hot the same firmness; iiur would lie be inislnken
that should Ciill thos^ tlieir exercises unbloody
battles,niid theirbaltlesblooilv exercises. Aor can
their enemies easily surprise them with the sud-
denness of their incursions; fur as soon as they
have yiarched into anenemy's land, they do not be-
gin to light till tliey have walled llieircampaliout ;
nor is the fence ihey raise rashly made, or uii-'
even; nor do tliey all abide in it, nor <li> those
that are in it take their places at raniluiii; but if
it hajf|«jis llial the gruiiiid is xneven, it is first
levelled ; their camp is alsn fmir '({uare by mea-
sure, alid carpenters are ready With tlieir tools to :
erect their buililing.s I'nrtheni *
of Israel in the » lluerness, (see Ihc ilesrrlption of the
temple, cli. ix.) ttiiil one cannot well avoltlilip mippo-
sal, that the .one was lliculliinalepatrcFnaT the oilier,
and'tliat the larilrsnjf ilieiinclenis Were taken from
rules given hy tiod to WosCa Aud It ia thouijlit hy
I
. \,s.-.. J|
484
WARS OF THE JEWS.
til
i-
1 Ai fiir what it wilhin Ihit cnrnp, it i> mt
tplirt for WnU. but the outwnril cirruiilforcnrto
hath the rMemblance lo a wall, ami n ncloriitd
witli towcM at equal iiiiilanc*«, where between
the lowcri ttand the engines (at throwing tU--
rowi ami tliirti, and for •lingine itonei, and
where thtv lay all other en(,'in<« that can aiinoy
the enemy, all ready for their neveral operntioni.
They bI»o erect four Batei, one at every »ide ol
the rircunifrrenre, and tho«e large enough lor
the entranJiof the beaMi, and wide enough for
%aking excurhinni, if ocraBion ahould require.
They divide the camp within into atrceta very
convenientlv. and place the tenia of the coin-
inaiidcri in the middle, but in the very midst of
all ii tte geiienil'a own tent, in the nature of a
templet iiiiomuch that it »pp»arii to be a city
built on the «udden; with iu market-place, und
place for handicraft trades, and wi(h ieata for
the officeri. mperiur and inferior, where, if any
differencea arise, their causes are heard and de-
termined. The camp, and all that is in It, l% en-
compassed with a wall round about, and that soon-
er than one wftuld imagine, ami this by the multi-
tude and the fkill of the laborers ; and, if occasion
require, n trench is drawn round the whole,
whose depth is four cubits, and its breadth enual.
3 When they have thus secured themselves.
nieces, and have swords on each side, but thi
sword which is upon their left side is murlj Iniiger
than the other, (ot that on the right ude m not
longer than a span. Those footmen al.o tliM art
choseii out frogi the rest to be about the grneni
himself; havJhanCeand a buckler, but the rr.l
of the foot idlers, have ■ spear, and a long
buckler, besides a saw and a basket, a pickair,
and an axe, a thong of leather, and a hook, with
provisions for three days, so that a footman islh
iio great meed of « mule to carry his burUdii.
The horsemen have jk long sword on their riglit
sides, and along pole in their hand; a shield al«o
iieTby them oliTiquelv on one side of their horMi
with three or more da
;f. w neii im-y iii»*«; *.,«» 0^.^- • •---
the? live together by companies, with quietness
and decency, as arc all their other aflair* ma-
naged with good order and security, hach conipa-
iiV hath also their wood and their corn, and their
w'ater brought them, when they stand in nceil of
them; for they neither sup nor dine as the;r
please Ihemselvesi-ingly.butall together. Their
timet also for sleeping, and wntchirtg. an.l rising,
are notified beforehand by the sound of trumpets,
nor is any thing done without such a signal; and
in the morning the soldiery go every one to their
centurions, and these cisnturions to their tribunM,
to salute them; with whom all the superior offi-
cer* 60 to the general., of the whole army,_ who
then gives ihera of cJiurse the watchword and
other orders, to be by them carried to a 1 that
are under their command; which is also observ-
ed when they go to fight, and thereby they turn
themselves about on the sudden when there is
occasion for making sallies, as they come back
when they are riacalTed in crowd" «l»o.
4. Now when they are to go out of their camp.
ihe trumpet gives a sound, at which time nobody
lies still, but at the fir»t inllination they take
down their tents, and all is made *(Eady for their
eoing out; then do the trumpets sound again, to
lrde> them to get ready for the march; then do
thev lav their baggage suddenly unon their
mules, and other beasts of burthen, and stand, as
at the place of starting, ready to march: when
also they set fire to their camp, and this th«y_do
betause it will be easy for them to erect another
canip, and that it may not ever be of use to fheir
enemies. Then do the trumpets give a sound
the third time, that they are to go out, in order
to excite those that on any account arealittle
tardy that so no oUc may^be out of his rank
when the army marches. Then does the crier
stand at the general'* right hand, and asks them
thrice in their own tongue, whether they be now
ready to go out to war or not? To which they
replv as often, with a loud and cheerful voice>
iaving. We are ready. And this they do almost
before the question is asked them: they do thts
as fiHed with a kind of martial fury, and at the
nme time that (tlicy cry out. they lift up their
right hantls also. ' , u •
5 When, after this, they are gone out of their
ramp, they all march without noise, and in a
decent manner, and every one keeps Jiis own
rank, as if they were going to war. The foot-
nen are armed with breastidates and head-
■ome skilful in these matters, that iliete accounts of
Jo w ph u * ai to th e Boman c a mp nn J arinnr , and fon-
witn inree or more ..arts that are borne in lh«ir
quiver, having broad points, and not siu.i Iff thM
siiears. They have also head-pieces, and lireail-
plates, ii» like manner as have all the ootiiifn.
And for tliotc that are chosen to be about i\u
general, their arroot noway differs from tlwl 01
the hofseiiien belonging to other troops; ami h«
always teads the legions forth to whom the lot
assigns that employment.
6 This is tlic manner ol the marching ami
resting of the Romans, as also these are the i
several torts of weapons they use.. But Wb»n
Uiev are to fight, they leave nothing without
forecast, nor to be done off hand, but counsel 1.
ever first taken before any work is begun, and
what hath been tliere resolved upon is put in ex-
ecution presently; for which reason they seldoin
commit anv errors, and if they have been imi-
taken at any time, they easily correct tho.cim--
takes They also esteem any errors they coiimiil
upon taking counsel beforehand, to be better
than such rash success as is owing to fortun.
only; because such a fortunate advantage tnnpn
them to be inconsiderate, while consultation,
though it may sometimes foil of success, batli
this good in it, that it makes men .more careful
hereafter; but for the idvantages that arise fron
chance, they are not owing to him that am
them; and as to what melancholy accidents hap-
pen unexpectedly, there is this comfort m then,,
that they had however taken the best consnlts-
tions they could^to prevent theiip
7. Now the\ w manage their preparatory ei-
ercisca of their weapons, that not the bo. lei ol
the soldiers only, but their souls, may also be-
come stronger; they are moreover hardened lor
war by fear, for their laws inflict capital punish-
ments, not only for soldiers running away Irom
their ranks, but for slothfulness and inacti>-iu.
thoufeh it be but in a lesser degree; as are their
generals more severe than their laws, for ,thcj
prevent any imputation of cruelty toward tnose
under condemnation, by the great rewards thej
bestow on the valiant soldiers; and the readinei
of obeying their commanders is so great, that it
is very ornamental in peaCe; but when they
come to a battle, the whole army is but one boJv.
so well coupled together are their ranks, so sud-
den are their turnings about, so sharp their hear-
inc. as to what orders are given them, go ouick
their sight of the ensigns, and so «""'•'"«»'*
their hands when they tet to work; wherebv it
comes to past, that what they do.itdoncquickl;,
and what they suffer they bear with the greater •
niitience. Nor can we find any examples w lerf
they have been conquered in battle, when thei
came to a close fight, either by the multitude j.l
the enemiet. or by their stratagems, or by tne
diffipultiet in the places they were in; no, nor
by fortune neither, for their victories ha\e been
siirer to them than fortune could have gmnte
them. In a case, therefore, where counsel sti 1
goes before action, ami where, after taking ne
Rest advice, that advice is followed by so acti«
an armv, what wonder is it that Euphrates on
the east, the ocean on the west, the most fertile
duct in war, are pwferablo to those in the Romaa «•
thon themtelvea. ■
B(X)K III.-CIIAP. VI. VII.
485
iach lidr, but thi
i(l« in iiiurl.i liiii);er
e ri;;lit tide In not
)liui'n alio tliDt arc
r nbuiit the grnenl
ckliTt but the ml
■)>enr, aiiJ h long
batkci, R picktM,
', and a houk, with
lint tt fiiutiiian halh
carry his burilciii,
vorti on tluir right
hand ; a thiclil also
aide ofthvirhorHi
t are borne in their
nd not anl'dlfr thaii
-pic;cca, and lircuiit'
te alt till) looluirn.
rn to be about Ihr
liflira fi'uiii tluil oi
iher Iroopa; mid he
th to whuiH the lot
the marching aiiJ
alao theae are the
ley us^. ButwhtQ
ire nothing without
hand, but counielii
work is begun, and
cd upon is put in ei-
reason they teldoin
ihey have be^n mU-
ily correct those mi--
y error* thev coiimiil
chand, to be better
is owing to fortunt
to advantage tcinpt^
while conaultntion,
till of success, bath
les men more careful
itages that arise from
ig to him that eaiiH
icholy accidents hap-
this comfort in them,
n the best consnlta-
the HP
their preparatory ei;
nat not the bodies of
r aoula, may also be-
orcovcr hardened for
inflict capital punish-
rs running away from
jinesa and inactivitv,
degree; as are their
I their laws, for they
cruelty toward those
e great rewards they
ers; and the readineti
era is so great, that it
!aSe; but when the*
i army is but one body,
ire their ranks, so sud-
it, so sharp their hear-
given them, so (luick
1, and so nimble are
L to work; whereby il
hey do is done quickly,
lear with the greatest!
d any examples where
in battle, when they
er by the multitude 01
stratagems, or by the
Ihey were in; no, nor
;ir victories have been
le tould have gi-antei
re, where counsel still
here, after taking lli«
s followed by so active
» it that Euphrates on
c west, the most fertile
to those in the Roman M-
regions of I.ibvft on the snutli, and the RihiiiIih
ttltit the Hhini'oii the iiorib, me the liiiiils ol
this empire'! One might will wiy, that llm Uo-
niiili pi.«»es<ioMs ahe not inferior lo the Itomans
ttieiii«lve». •. , . , , .
8. 'I'his nrrniiiit I hiivc «;ivru tlir reader, not
so iiMii-h with llie intiiilhiii of ri)iniiii niiiiig tlir
|{„ iij, II, of roiiifiirtiHir ili>i»i- ilmt Imvc lieiii
concpii red by tin in, iind fir llie di l<rriii!{ ulliers
frnni atti iiiiitiMK iiini)Viiti(Mi» illwler tli< ir Kovcrn-
nieiit. This iliM'oiir-e nf tin-. Riuiiaii iiiilitiiry
Ciiniliirl may aUOilierbalw lir itf use t" smh ol
the riirious H» are i^'iioniiil of it, iinil \i I luin' a
mind io know il. , 1 reliirn now from this iligrcn-
»ion.
, CIl.M'.
I'laeiiliii alhwiil-1 u> Inkr]
off. I'caiiitsi^a 11^,
la,aiitl isliealen
'til ^ialille.
II Titus,
I'"'" ", ■■ t- '.' * ....... ^^.,..,. . „ ,., .^,
the rv'^U 'J tii ii eiiine tlu- eii;*iKiis f'iiruui|tiiA>inf|^
Ihe I'ligli', wliii'tt i»at the hiiiirof eveA lloniaQ
legion, till' king ami the *tPongi«l of%ll birds.
J 1. And now Ve(i}m»Vftre^itli liis »o» Titus,
had tiirni-d >«\»v t»ii^^ lit*"niais. una li.iil jml
hu niiuv ill (inler.Ji«Vl'5j6jj|!lu«'Hlii(Mlfi-. wlio had
overrun all (iiilil<e„»>il)fl^5iilliesiile" ••lain a uiini-
lierof those nlioiii he h^H raiicln, (which wire
only the weaker part of t!ie (i.dilianJ, and mhIi
as were of tlniorouH soiiU.) saw that the. iviiiTi'T*
ran ni|»n»» to those rHifH wliusi- v.alH bail liceii
built by Josephii», be iiiarrlml fiirioii-ly ag lia-it
Jiilapat«t wliirli was of thini all the strolij;! »t,
as supposing he slioiild ia-il\ lake it by a aiiiMi ii
sui'iirise, and that lie slioiilcriliertby oi)tain i;r< at
honor to biiiiMlf among tlie eoiiMiiaiidi r». ami
bring a great a'lvaiitafje to tlieiii in Ibeir hiliire
rani|iati{ii; beiaiise if this strimijest place, of
Itieiii ail were on- e taWi ii, tile ri -"I would Ih- "(i
.itlrightid as to -^iirreiKler tlicin-ilyes. Itiit lie
WHS niiiihtilv niistak< ii in liis luulerlakini; ; for
the iiieii ofJotapala were n|i|)ri«i(l of bis roniina;
to iittaek them, imd came out of the city, mil ex-
pected him therer S">l!i<v fou^lit tin- Hmiiaiis
briskly when lliey lea«t isjiecled it, Ih ing b.itli
ninny in niinilMr, and pn iianil for licchtiiig, and
of great ulacrily, ns ei-ti eiuiin their country, tin ir
wives, and their cliildrcu, lo be ill dan;;(T, and
easily put the Uomnns to lliijlil, and wounded
many of them, and !-li'W siv:ii of tliein;* be-
cause their retreat w.n lait iiiade in a iliiiirilerly
iimnneri because tin strokes only toiiclieil (lie
furfaceof their lmi!ie<, uhicli win c ivercd with
their armor in all parts, and brcau^i the .lews
did rather tbroiv tlieir weapons n|ioH tlicm from
a greni distance, tliiin venture to come hand to
hand with lluiu, and had only linlit armor on,
while the others nere c inipli ti'ly aniiei!. How-
ever, three luen of the Ji ws' side weir slain, and
a few wounded: so I'lacidns, finding himself un-
able to nssanltthe rity, ran away.
2. But as Vespasian had a great mind to fall
U|)on Galilee, he marched out to rtoleuiais,
having put his army iiito lli.at order wbi rein the
Romans used to march. He ordered those auxi-
liaries which were lightly ariiiid. and llie areln is,
to march lirst, that they might prevent any stcl-
den insults from the eiieiiiy, and iniglit search
out the w'oods that looked siisiiicioiisly, and were
capable of ambuscades. IS'ext to these fvdlowed
th*t part of the Rnmiins who \vere completely
armed, both footmen, and l^qraenun. Next to
these followed ten out of ever^^liundrcd, r.irry-
ing along with them their arms, and what was
iheirniareh. Itehind these lie set such rnrringel
of the army as bihingld both to himself and to
llie other ciimmanders, with a considerable nuiil-
bei'of their horsemen lor their seeurity. .Vftrt
lhe«e he nuiirhed liiniself, having with hi|n a sen
lect lioily of foolinen, nnii horneinen, and pike-
nien. Alter lliesr came tlie pi'cutiar cavalry of
bis (twJI b'lrioii, for there were a liiiiidred ai|^
tweiily borseniih that |>ecuharly beloniri'il to\
every legion. iNi x| to these came Ofm mutes ihnt
carried llie engines for sie)(ca, and llie ijlher
warlike machines of that luilHre. After tliesesi,
came the commaii(i<>rs of the Cidiorts and tri-
ImneSi having aliunt th'eni soldiers chosen mil of
Ihe rest. 'J lien came the
111
legion, the king and Ihe stpnnge
which SI I ni« to liieiii » sigmilof doiiiinion, and
an omen that ihey shall conipiiralliigainsl whom
they niftrili; these sacred ensi.riis are followed
,l>v the Irunipi'ters. Then came iIh' niniu army
ill iheir sipiadriiiis, and battalions, with six men -
in ileptli, who were followed al last by a centur ^
rion, who, according to cuHtiim, i)lin:rved. fhe
rest. As for ihe servaiils of every ligion, Ihey
all.followed the foolinen, and led the batftiigeof
the soldiers, which was borne l>y the miilis and
other beasts of burden. Ilui In liiiid all the le-
gions came the wliole mullilude of the nit rcina-
lii's; and those that brought up Ihe rear eiiine
last of all for the secnrilv of ihe whole army,
br^ing bolh footmen, and those in their armor
also, w ilh a great niiinbcr^if hor-cHien.
'.i. And thus did Vespasian innrcli with hii
army, and caiiie lo the bounds of (iaiilee, where
heiiilcliid his camp, and restraineil Ids soldiers,
who were eager for war; be aUo showed hi»
army lo the rneiliy, in order to allright thcin,
and to all'ord th< m a seasoll for lepeiilauce, to sec .
wbillier tlievAvould change llieir iiiiiida liefore
it came lo a Viattle, anil at the same time he gut
things ready for besieging their strong holds.
And indeeiJ tliis sight of Ihe general brou;rht
many to repi nt of their revolt, and put tlienr all
into a consternation; for those Ihal were in Jose-
pliiis's camp, which was at the city called (laris,
not far from Sepphoris, when they heard that the
war was come near them, ami tiiat the Komani
woulil suddenly light them hand lo hnild, dis-
persed Ihemselves, and Hed, not only before they
came to a battle, fiut before llie eneiiiy ever came .
in ^i:•,ll•, while Joseplius and a lew others were
left behind; and as be saw that he had not iio
army sullicieiit to engage the enemy, thjil the
spiritsof the Jev^s were sunk, and that thegreat-
er part would willingly come to leinis, if they
inight be credited, he already despaired of the suc-
cess of the whole war. and dt lermined to get.aa
far as he possibly could out of ilaiiger; so he .
look those that staid iilong with him, and lied
to Tiberias.
CliAl'. VII.
> . \
f'espastnn.irhenhe had Inkrn fhf Clli/ t^dndarn,
marches lo Jolniinln. .'l/lei- n lintf^ f>>r^f Ihe
Cili/ i$ betrayed by a Deserter, and taken 6y
Vespasian.
} 1. So Vespasian marched to the city of Oa-
dar.i, and took it upon the first ousel, bin-aiise he
found it destitute of^liy considerable number of
war.
necessary to ineasure out a eaiiip wlllinl; and i ineh grown up nnil fit for war. lie eunie then
after them, siicll ns were to make the road even | into it, and sh\vall they Oil th, the Konians Imviiig
and straight, «nd if it were any where rough and ] no inei'cy on any age w halsoever; ami this was
hard'to be passed ovi r,. lo plain it, and to cut | done out of Ihebatied they bore the nation, anil
down thi woods tlint hindered their mnrlh. that because of the iniipiily lliev had been guilty ot
Ihe army migllt not be in distress, or tired \vJOi \a the uiTair of t'eslins. ^Ilu also set lire, not
*I eannothnt here obscryc an eastern way of AA^fc--
inc, frequent amonz them, lint not usual aniot^ ;psj
wliero the word guhi or aliinr is not set down, but. pet-
Imps, sflineway su|i|ilicd hy fliu iironiiiiriation. TtfnM
JoscphiiH here says, tlt'at tli0;ioot' Jotapalaslow seven
of Ihii Rdmaiis, aslhcy ivereniariliini; olf; liecaiisc tlie
Uomans'rctrcat was regular, tlieir lioitiea were covered
tiS
of t'eslins. ,Ilu
<•*<■ with llieirarninr. and the Jews ronshi at some dla-
"ttnoe: liis nieaiiiin is clear, that ihe.<e wcH' the rea-
sons why,tl.ey slew only, or no more rhn II seven. I
have met « iili niaiiv the like exaiii|i!es in tlie si riptiire,
in iosephiis. Ike. lint ilid not note down thepi nil iilar
places. This ohservatiun uimlit to he liorne in mind
upon many occnsions.
2R2
4B0
WARS Ots-TIIE JEWS.
If
I
U,i\\ citi.. that w*r« rounclabowtU; .o...e «f J,^;;;|} ,';;,";;?»,,» ,„„„ boldly; for nothi..,; ni.kn
men fiKht lo (Icsperali-ly in w»r bi n^cumly.
6. Now whi-ii an bmhuU win nimle the nrtt
<lav by t<>« Ro">ni'«. •I'" •'''"'• "' ""' '\*y'^
out of the wall«, hiuI oi>t)o.eil them, and met
.L ^. !....:»» ^..'■••tioil ihiiiii«j>lin>i a CRiiiii. bc-
Miail Cllie« IIIBI irrr.i ■ „-.... -.."." •-. „,| „„,
them were quite dettitute «f ""•'>"»y<:-..''" .. il
of »Onie of tiiem ho earned the inhablUiiti l«
alavei into captivity. .u . -i.,
2. At lo ji.«phuf. hit retina to that city,
which hrcho«ai the mo.t fit for hi.ieruri y. p j
It Into great fear; for the p.ople of 1 iberiua dKl
nbt imuicine that he wyuld have run away, uiT-
|«., he Kxl i»tirfly de.paired of the «ucce.. of
the war. And indeed. ai to that point, they were
not miit«k.'n about hit opinion; f.>r he taw wm-
Iher th« uffairt of the Jewi would t*nd at latt,
and wat ttntible that they had but one wav of
etc«pinfc.and that wat %,"r "•''!"■''•„ ""J!:
eYerra1l.00Kh he eilKCted tJiat tlio Romani
would loTgivehim.yetdidhechooie tod.einany
timet o».r. rather than lo betray hi«/ountry.
ind lo di.honor that tupreme coiliniand of the
•nny which had been entru»t.d With him, or to
live happily un.ler thee «K»in.t whom h* w"
Mnt to light. Hi; .l^termined. therefore, to B ve
an exact account of adairt to the principal neii
at Jerutalom by a letter, that he niiehl hot by
too much agKrindiiinc the power of the enemy,
make them too tihioroii,, nor by Telating that
their power beneath the truth, might encourage
them t.. tland out when they were p^rhap!l di»-
poted lo repentance. He b1>.o .eiit tbeni w^rd,
that if they thought of coniiiig to term., they
must tuddenly write to him an answer; or il
thev resolved upon war, Ihey niutt tend llim an
arinvtufficient lo fight the Komant. Accofding-
ly.he wrote thite thingt, and tent inetteiigers
iinmediaielv tocarrf hit letter to Jernoaleni.
3 Now Veapasian wat very de»iroui ol flc-
niolithing Jotapata. for he had Kotlen ...telhgence
that the greatut part of the enemy had rcl red
thither, and that it was, on other accounts, a place
of great security to them. Accordingly, he sent
both footmen and horsemen lo level •heroa".
which was mountainous wid rocky, not without
difBcully to be travelled over by footmen, but
absolutely inn)racticable for horsemen. Row
these workmen accomplished what they were
about in four day.' time, and opened a blfpart
way for the army. On the fifth d«y, which was
the twenty -first of the month Arlemisius (Jyar.)
Josephut prevented him, and came from libe-
ri.8, and went into Jotapata, and raised the
. • :.:•'. ^r Ik. .lou'ii And a certain dc-
drooping tpVrils of the Jew*. And a certain de
tertcr t^d this good news to V espasian, that J o-
tephut had removed himself thither, which ii.ade
him make haste to ihe city as supposing, that
with taking that, he should take all Ju<leR,_in
case he could but withal getJosephus under his
Dower. So he took this news to he ol the vastest
Advantage to him, and brIieveJ it to be brought
about by the providence of God, that he who ap-
peared to be the most prudent ninii of all their
enemiea. had of his own accord shut himself up in
. place of sure custody _^Accor<tingly. he sent
Placidut with a thousand horsetnen, and Ebutius
a decurion, » person that was of eminency both
in couDtel and in action, to encompass the city
tound, that Josephus might not escape away pn-
^"4! Vespasian also, the very' next day, took his
whole army and followed them, and by marching
till late in the evening, arrived then at Jotapata;
and bringing his army to the northern side of the
city, he pitcTied his camp on a certain small 1 1
wb^ch wU seven iHirlongs from the city, and .till
ereatly endeavored to be well .cert by the
IneBlV. to put them into a consternation; which
wa. indeed .0 terrible to the Jews iiniijediately ,
that no one of theni durst go^out beyond the wall.
Yet did the Romans put off the alack at that
time, because they had marched all the day, al-
though they placed a double row of battalion.
^ .. '^-r. ...:.t, » .kiwi row heynnn them
I nil's wir|#"»»-" r
them, as having formed ihemsellft « a camp, be-
fore the city walls. Uutwhen Vespntian had set
aeainst them the archers and sliiigers, and the
wliole multitude that could throw to a grenl dit.
tance, he permitted them to go to work, while ht
himself, wnh the foulnieri. got upon Bn acclivm,
whence the city might easily be taken. .K)««phM
wa.lhen in fear for the city, and leaped out an.1
all the Jewish multitude with him; these fell to-
Kelher upon the RojUttHlJn great numbeis. »nd
3rove them away from the wall, and peTfornwd a
treat many glorious and bold action*. » et dirt
they suffer as much a. thev made the enemy tul-
f.r; for a. despair of deliverance encoiirapd
the Jews, so <lid a s.3>/c of shame equal v en-
courage the Boniani: These last had skill t,
well as .irength; the olher had only coiirBEe,
which armed them and made them fight funouilj.
And when the fight had lasted all da.y. it wnMml
1 nn end lo by the coming ^n of the night, Ihsy
1 hail wounded a great many of the Romnns. and
killed of ihemlhirteen men; of the Jews side
I .evenleen were .lain, aiidsix hundred wounded,
i 6. On the next day the Jews made another «t.
tack upon the Romans, and weitt out of the ivnlU,
-and fought a much more, dcijpcrate battle with
them than before. For they were now becoiiie
more courageous than formerly, and that on «e-
count of the unexn^ted good opnosition Ihty
had made the dav Wfore; a. they found the Ro-
mans *l»o to fight more desperately; forasenw
of shame inflamed these into a passion, as fi-
le* niing their failure of a audden victory to be »
kiml ol^lefeat. Thus did the Roman.tryl<> nuke
an impression upon the Jews, till the fifth (Is)-
conlinually", »vhilc the people of Jotapata made
sallies out, and fought at the walls most despe-
rately; nor were tlie Jews aflrighted at the
strength of the enemy, nor were the Romans dis-
couraged at the difficulties they met with mU
king the city. ■ „ ^ •• 1 •!.
7? Now Jotapata is almost all of it built on»
precipice, having on e.ll the othersides of it event
way valleys immensely deep and sleep, insomuch,
thiit those who would look down would havclheir
sight fail them before rt reaches to the bottpro
It is only to be come at on the north side, where
the utmost part of the city is built on the moun-
tain, a. it ends obliquely at a plain. This moan-
tain Josephus had encompassed with a wall when
he fortified the cilv. that its top might not be ca-
nnble of being seized upon b^ the enemies. 1 he
cilv is covered all round with other niounUins,
anil can Boway be seen till a man comes just
upon it. And this wa. the strong .iluation ol
Vvespasian. therefore, in order to try how hr
mieht overcome the natural strength of tht
place, a. well as the bold defence of the Jews,
made a resolution to proMCute the siege witti
vieor To that end he called the commanded
that were under him to a council of war, and
consulted with them which way the assault
mieht be managed to the best Advantage. Ana
when the resolution was there taken to raise?
bank against that part of the *»" «'"^'; ""
practicable, he tent hi. whole army abroad to ge
the matariaJs together. So when they had cut
down allthe trees on the mountains that adjoineo
to the citv. and had gotten together a Vast h^aj)
of .tones, besides the wood they had cut donn,
some of them brought hurdles, 'n o'''" »» «'",^,
the effects of the darts that ^ere shot from abo»«
them. These hurdles thy t p read°ver rt.
though tney piaceu a uuuu,^ ."•■ -• ™y",V-„ ,i,,_, These hurd es they spreaa over i ■<:■ ^
d { { ;:: v i;iie : ^id.tlr?^a.;!:i a Xcover whe,4 l^ u . . , ^i^i
■f:
^ZJ
BOOK iii.-cHAp. vn.
487
r in cxllj nhicli
' of cKHpiiiK, ek-
for nothing nialiei
r Bt nccviDiljr.
nil iiiiide the tint
a at first (taycd
I them, tnd met
i«lrt'a a ciiiii|i, be-
V<-ii|iuiian hail set
aliiiK'^i't, and the
row tu ai grent dit.
> to work, nliilr he
upon an acrlivvij-,
r taken. -'oMphM
ml Irapril out, ami
liim; Ihcao fell to-
real nuuihria, and
II, and performed a
BCtiont. Vet did
nde theineiiiy »uf-
eraiice cnmiimKfd
thanie oquully en'
! laat had tkill u
had only cniimee,
Item flRlit furiously.
I all day, it wn» nut
>f the night, They
if (hti Kuninns, and
; of till! Jews' aide
hundred wounded.
va niadi! another at-
eitl out of the ivalU,
•ijperHte battle with
f were now become
riv, and that on ae-
loJi opiioaition they
they found the Ro-
|>eratcly; foraacnw
to a paaHion, as ei-
dden victory to be a
Romanatry to make
tt, till the fifth daj- ^
lie of Jolapata made
le walla most desjie'
a altrighted M the
rere the Romans dii-
they met with in 19
at all of it built on a
ithersideaof it event
and alcep, insoniucb.
own would have their
achea to the boltdm.
the north aide, where
ia Uuilt on the nioub-
n plain. Thia moan-
iaed with a wall when
I top might not be ca-
by the enemies. The
tUh other niountaini,
II a man cornea jusl
e strong aituation ol
in order to try how he
iral strength of tht
defence of the Jews,
«cute the siege with
illed the commanders
1 council of war, mi
ich way the assault
best Advantage. And
there taken to raise ?
■ the wall which was
ole army abroad to gel
Ho when they had cut
lountains that adjoined
1 together a vast heap
d they had cut down,
rdlcs, in order to avoid
Hvere shot from abovs
ley spread over their .
eof they fo r m e d th a irM
i
tank, and w w»r« littlit oi nothing hurt by tha
darta that were thrown u|ion tlieiii from the wall,
while other* pulled the ncighlioring hillucka tu
piece*, anil perpetually brought earth to them;
■o thill while they were buny three aorta of Waya,
nobody waa idle. However, the Jewacaat atones
from the watia upon the hunllea which protected
(he men, witli all aurts of darta alao; and the
noise of what could not reach them was yet so
Urrible, that it wua some impediment to the
workmen.
9. Vespaaian then aet the engine* for throw-
ing Btonea and darla round abbiit the city- The
numlier of the riigiiiea was in all a hundred and
lixly; anil bade theui full to work, and tlialodge
those that Were upon the wall. At the aanie
time, auch engine* as Were intended for that
purpose threw ntonce lances upon (lio<ii with »
great nuiae, and stones of the weight of a talent
were thrown by the engines that were prepared
for that purpose, together with fire, And a vast
multitude ol arrows, which made the wbU so daii-
IgerauB, that tli<! Jews durst not only not conie
upon it, but durst not come to those part* within
the walls which were reached by the engines;
for the luultiludi! of the Arabian archers, us well
also as nil those that threw darts and flung
stones, fell to Work at the same time with the
engines. Yet did not tlio others lie still, when
(bey could not throw at the Romans froura high-
er place; fur they then made sallies out of the
city, like private robliera, by nartiea, and pulled
away the nurdlea that covereu the wurknien, and
killed them when tliey were thus nnkexl; and
when thoae workiiitin gave way, these cast away
the earth that coiiifiosed the bank, anil burnt tin
wooden parts of it, together with the hurdles,
till at length Vespasian perceived that the inter-
vals there were Delwecn the works were of dis-
advantoge to him; for those, spaces of ground
aflbrded the Jews a place for assaulting the Ho-
inaus. So he united the hurdles, iind at the same
time joined one part of the army to the other,
which prevented the private excursions of the
Jews.
10. And when the bank w'ns now raised, and
brought nearier than ever to the battlements (hut
belonged to the walls, Josephus thuu<!;ht it Would
be entirely wrong in him if Itc Could make no
\ contrivance in opposition t^ theirs, and that
might be for the city's preservation; so he got
together his workmen, and ordered them to build
(Vt wall higher; and when they said that this
wafi impossible to be done while so iiiany darts
were thrown at them, he inventcil this sort of
cover for them: he bade them (i\ piles, and ex-
pand ^eforc them the raw hides nl oxen, newly
killed, \that these hides, by yielding and hollow-
ing theiiiselves when the stones uei'i^ thrown at
them, luVht receive them; fur that the other
darts woiud slide nil' them, and that the fire that
was thrown would betc)ueiiclied by the moisture
that was in ^ein. And these he set before the
workmen, and under them these workmen went
- on with tiicirVorks in safety, and raised the wall
higher, nud that both by day and by night, till it
was twenty cubits high, lie also built a gooil
number of towe!'* upon the wall, and fitted to it
strong battlements. This greatly discouraged
,>.,the Koraans, whor in their own opinions, were
(hat came to Uana u also with the ii tling Ara .
to all the other work*; and this till Vespasian
made his Hriiiy leave olf fighting them, and ^r*-^
solved tu lie round the city, anu to starve them
into a surrender, as auppo*inf^ that either (hay
would be forced to |>etitiurt hint for mercy by
want of provisions, or, if they should have th«
courage to hold out till the last, they ahuulil
periah by famine; and he concluded lie should
conijuer them the more easily in fighting, if he
gave them an interval, and then feTl upon them
when they were weakened by famine; but still ha
gave onlers thiit they, should guard against their
coming out of the city.
12. T*low the besieged had plenty of corn with'
in the city, and indeed of all other accessaries,
but they wanted water, because there w"s nu
fountain in the ciiy, the {leople being there usual-
ly satisfied with ri^in water; yet It is \t rare thing
iothnt country t^ have rain in summer; and a(
this season, 'during the siege, tbey werck in great
dislresa for aoiii« contrivniice to aatlafy their
ihirat; and they were very sad nt this time par-
ticularly, as if ihey weru already in want of
vvnter entirely, for Josephus, seeing that the city
abounded with other necessaries, and that the
iiicn were; of g^ud courage, i^ud being desiroira
to protra'-.t the siege to (Tie Romans lunger than
,they expecied, ordered their drink to be given
thciii by measure; but this scanty distribution
of wnler by measure Was ileeiiied by them lis a
thing more hard upon iheni than Ihi; want of it:
and their not being able to drink as much as they
ivould, made tlieni iilore desirous of drinking
than tiicy otherwise hud been; iiay, they were
as much disheurtemd thereby as if they were
come to llie last degree of thirst. N'lir were the
Komnna unncijuainted with the stale, they were
for when they stood over against them, be-
III, li/i ,fii<;ii tii«:jr biuuu u,vi ai^iiiiis\ ,ii< ,m, iiv
yund the wall, they cuuld tec them running to
gether, and taking their water by nieasure, which
made tifein throw their javelins thither, the place
being within (heir reach, and kill a great many
of tlieiii.
13. Hereupon Vespasian hoped that their re-
ceptacles of wale¥ would in no loi'.g time be
emptied, and lii^t '^liey would Le forced to deli-
ver up the citic^titihini; but Josephus being mind-
ed tu'break such his hope, gave .Conimaliil that
tliry should wet a great many of their clothes,
anil hung them out about the battlements, till
the entire wall was of a sudden nil Wet-nith the <
running tlown of the water. At this sight the .
Rumaiis were discouraged, and under conster-
nation, when they saw them aliletu throw away
in sport so niucii water, when they supposed
them not to have enough to drink Ihemselvet.
This niadc the Ruman general despair of taking
the city by their want of necessaries, - and to
betake nimaelf ugaiu tu arms, and to try to force
them to surrcnifcT, which was what the Jews
greatly desired ; for, as they despaired of either
themselves or their city, being able to escape,
tlii^y preferred a deuih in battle before one by
hunger and thirst,
14. However, Josephus contrived another sfra-
tageni besides the foregoing, to get plenty of
wlint they wanted! There was a certain rough
and uneven place that could hardly be ascend-
ed, and on that occouiit was not guarded by the
already gotten within the walls,' while they were ! soldiers; so Josephus sent- out certain persons
how at once astonished at Josrplius's contri- > along the western part of the valley, and by
Vance, and at the fortitude of (he citizens that ! them sent letters to whom he pleased of (lie Jew*
were in the city. , ' ; that were out of the city, and procured I'rom them
ll.' And now Vespasian was .plainly irritated ; what necessaries soever tney wanted in the city
at the great subtlety of this stialagem, and al , in abundance; he enjoined them also to creep
the boldness of the citiuns of Jutapatn; for, ' generally along by the watch as tliey came into
taking heart again upon the building of this the city, and. to cover their backs with such
wall, they made fresh sallies upon the Romans, sheep-skins as had their wool upon (hem, tliatif
and had every day conllicts with them by par- , any one should spy tlicui out in the night lime,
ties, together with all such contrivances as rob- : they iniifht be believed to be ilo(js. 'fhis w«»
bera made use of. and with the plundering of all done till the watch perceived their contrivance
-•-trt
I'*? I
48S
WARS OF THE JEWS.
«u(l *ncompBined that rougli pUc« »bout llifin-
'*lL.Aml now it wm ibi.l Jo«<|iliiii wrcoivril
lh»t tUt! oily loiild mil hoW out tiniir, miu *""• "'•
own liif woul.l 1)« in <loiilit it hV- <(.ntinuc.l ill U;
•» lir ron»ull<ilili<m Iw uml tlu- mclHl potint Mi.n
of the cily iiiiKht (tv out »! It. U i«" Iho i.iiilti-
lu<lc UII.I. r.l.. J.I this th.y r.inir ..11 ro,i..< utm.it
liiin, nii(l,l.f^,'K.<l ol iiiin. " "i.t K. ovul.n.k tli.Hi
whih' th.v tiilif.ly .li|»i<'l'''l '>» I'"'!' !""' .","
bIoihs l"r thnt ih.r.' wn »lill hoi..! ol th<' cily •
deliv.Ti.nc.-, il h. h.h.I.I »t..y will. Ih.ni.lu'Ol.""*
«»rry bo.lv woul.l ..ml.rti.kc ...ly ,.iiin*witli great
cheerlulii."" oil hi» ...:.o.iiit. nii.l 1" tl.;.l !:»«■•»<■'■"
' would bo BOi.ic .-on.loit tM ih.i.i ,.Uo lliouKh
th.y »h..nUI t»: tiik.'ii. Thnt it b.raii.r hinli...:
nh.r to lly IroiH hi* c-ii. i..i.», nor lo lUtfrt ii«
IrUiicI*, nor t.ri.ai. out of Ihal .lly. «» o"t ot «
siup that wa- »iiikiinc i.i « Morii., .i.K. whirt' '«^
cmiif whin il Wii^. .pii. l n>»\ iii » .-"hn, lor thai
by EoinKi.way he wouhl be the .■«n»>; of dnwn-
iii' Ihe.ily. b.ra..»fti.»l>o.ly woul.l ihen venture
to oppose the . n.niv when he was once gone,
, upon whom 'they wh-Hv confi.le.l."
'lU. n.i-...por. .)o,s,:plM.* ..VOI.I..1 hlliiig them
fcnow that l.r w.n to go '.«»)«" provide. f'>r.
hi, o,vn KalVtV. b..t l.do Ihein. thul " .e «-o.,).l
go out ol the rily lui- lli. V «''•""; /''J "»" ' ';,
mid with then,, h.- .hoiild b»i aid., to do th.n.
little gooil, while ih.y were in A snl.' con.lition,
and th»t if th. V were ,.i..e-tBke.. !..■ >h.,.d.l only
peri^ With Ih-'ni to no purpose; but Unit il h.j
were oii.-e goli.-i. free from \\i>i m.k.. Ik; sho'd<
be »bl.^ to bisin- Ihein >.rv great relief; lor that
• he would then in.inedinl. ly g.t ihc t.alilean» to-
eether out of Ihe .ounUy. in greiit n.ullitiKl. »,
. Snddraw the Uomann oil th.ir cly by another
war. ■ihiU he did not M-e what ii.Kaiilage he
could bring lo tU.ni now by Blnynig among Ih.ni,
but onlv pfovok.. II..' Hoinan^ I,. 1., siege 111. n.
more eloselv, an .Meeming il a niof-t >ahiabl..
thing to take him; b.it that if th. » were, .-.i.e.:
' informed iJu*^ie was IUmI ont ol the cily, th.y
would greafly- r.ii.it of th.ir ..a-er.ie«» agam.t
it " Yet di.l not ihiH pl.a umm- the p.npl.'i but
inrtanie.! (hem the more to hang nbont him. Ac-
cordinglv; both th.' ehihlren and ih.^ old men, and
the won.'.n will, their iiifanU, came mourning to
him, ami f.ll .lown b.for.' him, and all ol th.n.
cauglil hol.l of hi^ f.el. and h. Id hi... fast; and
be»c.nght hit... with gr. at lameiitatinns that he
,voulilnt.k.:8l.i* shai-e with. th. n. m their lort.ine;
an.l I tKii.lt Ui.^v .lid Ihl*, not thai Ih.y .nyie.lmy
deliveLicviJjnt that tl..y hop. d for ih.^ir own;
Cor tl/y conW not think (hej sho.ihl snlh-r niiy
great misfortune, provi.Ud Josephiis woultl but
»li»W with them. ; ,i ,
M,iw JoM-plms thonsht. that if he resolved
t,y)i«lav, il would he ascribe.l lo their . nir.'alie*,
Jd if he res.dv.d lo go away by force, he shuuld
Be put iiitf. cuslwlv. IliM cominrseralion also ol
Ahc people under'their lam.'nlallons had niHCh
ar»ken thai his eagerness to leav.' them; so he
resolved lo stav, and arming himself with' th.'
common, .lespai;- of the . iti/..i!S, he wild to them,
"now is the time to begm 1-. fight m earnest,
when there is n,. hope ^.f deliverance ell. It
in a brave thing to pr.l.r glory b.lore 111.', ami
to set about some such noble iindertnkiiig^ as
may be rememb.Te.l bj late posleiilv.' Having
said Ihis, lie fell lo work imme.lii.tcly, and made
3 suUv. .iml dispersed the .iiemies' oiil-gnarc s;
H.id ran as far as ih.' Koman .ampils.lf.and p.ill-
- ed the coverings of th.ir l. ids lo piec.s, llmt
were upon th.irbanks,..ii.l»,sit lire to lluirVorks
An.l this was 111.' manii. r in which he never lelt
olV figlHiiig, neither the next <liiy, nortie . ay
after it, but w-ent.m with it lor a considerable
number of both days mid nights
Upiin Ih i-i, Ves pnun n. wh fii lie saw the
in, upon in . s , ¥ efftJi i gintu ,
'■Romans .listr.'ssed bv the.se si.Uics, ;uioi.gi.
were ashiuiicd to be lualu.to run a,woy by
.Fcw.t and when ftt ml) tin.e they nia.le the Jtw.
run awav. thfir heavy ar.nor woi.l.l not let lUm
,iur>.ie l)i. :.U f«r, while ih" Jew., when they h>.l
.ci'form.'d nnv action, an.l belor.' Jhey cmili he
Lrt Ihemielve.. .till retired into the cily ,) onler-
ed hit aruieil men lo avoid their ons.l. and nut
fiirht il out with i.i.'ii umlel- desperation, while
nothing i.im.re. •o.ir..i(.'ou, than. I. «p..ir; ml that'
iheir violence w.miI.I U ipienched wli.nth.y m.v
the* laile.l of their purposes, an lire w .p.eiu h.il
whyuifwanHfueli ».)<l lh»t it was ino»t pn.p.r
for'n..! Konian. to gain their victonei as .h-ap.
a, thev c.mldi since they are |.ol lorc.d to ligln.
but only to enlarge their own donHn..M.«. ho lit
r.'i.ell.'.l the Jews in a great niei.sure by the Ara-
bian flr.-her*, an.l the Syrian .linger., and hy
those that threw stones at tliein. nor was tin re
any intermission of Ihe great number ..I Ih.ir
ortVnsive engines. N.>w the Jews sullere.lgr.^lly
by these engines, with.mt being able t.> .">.ipu
from them, ami wh.n thes« engine, threw «f.iieJ
or javelins a gre.it way, (.n. the Jew, v,ere wilh-
in their reach, th.y pressed har.l upon Ihe Ko-
man.. and fought .lesperately. without s).ariiiR
either sold or bmlv, one part succoring o.vothtr
by turns, when it was tireil down.
1<» Wh.'U. therefore, Vespasian look.'d Upon
himVelf ns in a manner besiegu.l by these salliei
of the Jew., and wh.n his banVs were now nut
far from the walls, he d.'tennined to make u«
of his battering ram. 'Ihi. battering r«m is a
vast beam of woo.l like the mast of ... ship; lU
for.:part is armed with a thick piece olir.m^.t I m
hea.l of il, which is so carv.'d as to be like t ic
hea.l of a ram, whence its nam.' is taken. lljK
rani is slung in the air by roins passing over its
middle, an.r is hung like the balance in « pair (.1
scuh s fioni another beam, and bra.e.l by sir"!!;;
be s tl«Vpn.s on both sid.-S ..f it. In the imlur.
of a .TOSS.-' When Ihis is pull. .1 biickwnrd liy ;.
.'real number of lifeh with unit.'d force, ami I an
Olnist forward by the snii* men, will, a luislity
noise, il batters the wall will, that iron part
udiich is iiromin. nt. Nor is there any tower ...
rtn'n^M.r walls so broad, that chn ivsist any
more than its li.'st batteries, but at are lor-.d n
\iehl to it at last. This was the experiin.nt
Which the Homan general betook himsell W.
when he was .^gerly bent upon taking h.^ .. ;.;
iM.t fouii.l lying in the heh so long f. he I,, a,
disa.lv.mtage, b.cause the J.ws woull never
him be .u.^el. So th.'se Komani. brought iho
several .-iigines lor galling .i.i enemy ^If.arer lo
the walls, that th. y might reach such a, w. rr
ui.on the wall, an.l Vndeav.sred to frustrate lb. ir
atlemplst these lhr<w stones and J»v,'""'"a
them in the lU<e niann.T d.,1 the "f '"""f
slingers come both togeth.-r ctos. r to the H.dl.
This brought mallei's lo su.h a pass that none »)
the Jews ,b,rst .no.int the walls; all. th.,.. U »"»
that the 'other Komtins brought the batliriiig
ram that was case.l with hur.nes all over, an.l in
the up|«-r part wn.s secuie.l with sk.njjltfi^*
v.'.e,l It, nu.l this b„th for th.' securilTSnii in-
JHves ami of the engine. Now, nt the ».r.v i st
stroke of this cng>t'«. the" wall vjas shak.'n, a "
terrible clamor was raised by the people wilhin
Ihecitv, as if thev were. dready taken.
20. AiKl now. when ,I„sephussaw-thisrai..st I
ball, ring th.' sani.' place, and that the wall .v»« •
•p.icklyl.e thrown .lo.»vn by .1, he r.!Sobe.
elude Vor a while the force of the f"!;'"'^ r"
this desi.-n he gave orders to Idl sack:, with .h..n
Iml-to lK,n.' then, .lown b.fo.e that pla.'e wh-re
they saw the rain always ballering. that in.
sthike might be tiirrted aside, or that th ; pi''":
ni ght fe.t less n( the strokes by the 5 lehling |.a '
tur.- of th. chair. This contrivance very n.ucl.
d. laved Ihe attempts of the Romans, becaasf.
let Oiem remove their engin.s to 'what par thf)
• : »j J .1 ...... .« — ...ifivj fi iiHir
I
(Ihou^^h iVy phased. t l ioi.e that were above i t r. . .iov..lhHr J K llk
"■ "by lie lacks. an.l placed them over against the stroke. M Mm
BOOK IIL-CHAP. VII.
480
iiy niaile Iho JtWi
riiiiid ilul kt tli)!in
>, whrn tltry liiiel
ori^ )lify coiilil be
lotli«rily,)(inl(T-
ir onni't, iiHil Udt
Jvupi rittliini nlillc
iiilii>|><tir; liiit iliul'
nil wliiiittiry »:n»
lis liri^ » (|II<'|ii'Il((I
it win iiio»l |ini|ii r
• vii'liirit'i n* < h' "p .
liol lorttti li> liglil.
(loiiiiiiioiiii. So fi«
C'ltHurK l>y llie Ar.i-
n uliiigtri, Biiil by
leiii, nor win lliirc
I number <il lliiir
inn «uiVcri!<l(;Ti ally
lii^ able W i*y'i\iv j
i(;iiie» llirciv ki'iliu ■ '
he Jewa wiTf Hilh-
bard upon thi- Ho-
y, without s|i;iriiii;
succoring aiiolhtr
)wn.
)a»iiin looki'd Up)il
■guil by IhtiHf miUfi
ijaulis \\vrG now nut
luin'td to muki' uw
b«tttrin|; ram i» a
mast of »■ »bi|); iH
k piece of iruniit llic.
I'd as to be like llic
aint' is taken. Tljn
ipin piifsint; ovcrity
Ijulaiirc in « pair (il
nd bruicd l)y iilrmij
!i of it, in the imlun
ullt (1 backwar^l lij '
lited force, auillliiii
men, with a iuii,'lit;
with tbat iniii |i:irt
i there any town- «>
that chn 'ri !.i^i iiiiv
but ult are f'Ji'i'l ii
iVBH the expWnniiil
betook hiiiistll <>■
jpon takini; tl»- "ilj;
;1 so long to lie t<> I"'
Je«!< woull nc vt r hi
{oninn't bryuj^ht llic
aa enemy n> :irtr In
reiiirli sttcli "' "i rv
ired to frustrate tbiir
ines iind javelins, iit
did tlie archi r» ami
r ctosir to tlieHii)!.
h 8 pass that none of
nils; and then it »«*
roiight the battiniig
rfftes all over, ami in
il with 8kinstlati>*
the securiTToriliiMi-
Now, at the very lir*t
nil was shaken, and n
by the people willnn
lady taken,
phussawthis rani still
ndtliat the Willi "'ii'l'l '
)y it, be resolved to
cof the engine: willi
lolill sack:* with dial)
foic that place wli' re
a bnlleiing, that llie
]e, or that lb' pb'"'
e» by the jieldinsi'J •
iiitrivance very much
[be Konians, becaii'f.
ne« to ^liat part tbcy
ibove i t n niovid llinr
i-er against Ibc strokcl
a
It m«(l«, Ititomuch «li«t «ha wnll wa»noWay hurt,
■nd tbit by div«riiion bC the ilrokei, IllUlm lt»-
nmntni«de«nop|K)iit»conlriv»iit'« oflong polei,
■nd by tyiiiK books Kt, their rndu, cut oil the
••cki Now when the battering raiu thu» re-
covered in fone. «nd the Wnll.llovinB been but
iM'wIy built. w«»Hiving way, Josephut and those
■iHiut him li»d arterwHrd immediate r«cc>iir»e to
fire to defend themselves withal; wbereH|i.nj_
they took what materials soever they had tWt
were butllry, and mmle « sally three ways, «nd
set fire to the machines anil the hurdles, and the
banks of the Koinain themselves; nlir did the
Koniwii well know how to come to tlieir assist-
■nre. being at once iiniler ■ cuinterii»lfon at the
Jews' hiftdneks, nnd lieing prevented by the
(lames from coining to their assistance; for the
niatcrials being dry with the bitumen and jiitch
that were artwing them, at was briiiisloiie also,
the fire caught Jiold of every thing immiiliately,
and what cost the Komans u great dei^ul pains
WIS in on< hour couSuiiied.
21. And here a certain Jew, appeared worthy
of our relaliaii and commeiidaliun: be was the
•on of .Sameas, and was culled ICleaiar, and was
bora at Saab, in Cialilee. This man took up a
(lone of a vast bigness, and threw it down from
the well upon the ram, and this with so great a
force that it broke oil tlie heail of the engine. Ite
also leaped down, and look up the head of the
ram from Jho midst pf theiii, and without any
concern carried it to the top of the wall, and this
while he stood as |» fit Miark to be p«|ted by all
hiicoeniies. Accordingly, he received the strokes
lUMD his naked body, and was woundej with five
darts: nor did he mind aiiv of them while he
went up to the (op of the wall, where he stood in
the sight of them all, a» an instance of the ^reat-
, est blUdness; after which, he drew himwil on a
then they enrourageil one anoth'cr with loud
voices, aiid ran hastily to the walls.
2i. liu ptill Joaephus and those with him, al-
though th> I fell down dead one U|)on another by
the darts iin-l stones which the engines threw
upon them, }el did not they desert the wall, but
fell upon those who managed the ram, under tba
lirolecliiin of the liiirdb s. with Are, and iron
wea|Hins, and stones; iinil these coubl do little or
nothing, but fell themselves |>er|ieliiatl'', whi|«
thev were sieii. by those whom they could not
see', for the light of their own llniue shone about
them, and made them a moat visible mark to th^
enemy, as they weri' in the day time, while ths
engines could not lie seen at a great distance,
and so what wns thnrwn at them was hard to b«
avoided; for the forc^. with iKbich these engine!
threw stones and darts made them hurt several
at a time, and the violent force of the stones that
were cast liy Ihp engines was ti> great, that they
carried away the pinnaclei, of the wall, and broke
oil the corners of the lowers; for no body of
men could be so strong ns rtut to be overthrown
t(j the last rank by the largeness of the stones.
And any one may learn the fon-e of the engine*
by what hap|MUied this very nighti for as one
of those that stood round about Jiisephus wai
near the wall, hi* head was carried away by
sucli a atone, and his- skull was fiung as far a*^
three fiirlongi. In the day.linie also, a wiiinan
ivitb child had her belly to violently struck, ai
she was just come put ol her house, that the in-
fant was carried to the distancti of half a furlong,
so great Wat the force of that engine. The iioiie
of the instruments themselves was very terrible;
the sound of the dartt and stones that were
thrown by them was so also; of tho same sort
was that noise llie ireud bodies made, when ther
il-
heap with hit wound* upon him, and fill down
together with the hea'd 6f tlie ram. Ne].t to him,
two brothers showed their courage; their namct
were Nefir and I^iilip, both of them of the village
Ruiiia, ,and both of them Cjalileani also; these
men leaned u|ion the soldiers of the tenth legion,
and fell upon the Komans with such a noise and
(atce as to disorder iheir ranks, and to put to (light
all upoo whomioever they made their assaults.
22. After these men's |ierformBiici;s, Jotephui,
anU the rest' of the multitude with him, took a
great deal of fire, and burnt both the machines
and their coverings, with the works belonging to
the fifth ami to the tenth legion, which they put
to flight; when others followed them immediately,
ami buried thoiieiiittruments and all their mate-
rials underground. IloWevef, about the evening,
the Romans erected the battering ram again,
against that part of the wall which had suOered
before; where a certain Jew that defended the
city from the Romans, hit Vespasian with a dart
io hit foot, and bounded him a little, the distance
being to great, that no mighty impression could
be made by the dart.thrown so far off. However,
this caused the greatest disorder among the Ro-
mans; for when those who stood near him taw
iiit blood, Ihey were disturbed at it, anil a report
went abroad, through the whole army, that the
general was wounded, while the greatest (lart
left the tiege, and came running tugettier with
surprise and feat to the general; and before them
all came Titus, out of the concern he had for bis
father, insohiiich that the multitude were in
great confusion, and this, out of the regard they
bad for their general, and by reason of the agony
that the ton was in. Yet did Vespasian soon put
an end to the son's fear, and to the disorder the
army was under, fur being siiperior to his pains,
and endeavoring soon to be seen by all. (hat had
been in a fright about him, he excited them to
fight the Jews more briskly; for now everjt body
«VBt willing to'expose himself to danger imme-
riiately. 'in orderMo avenge their general; and
were dashed against the wall; and indeed dread'
fill Wat the clamor which Ihcte things raised in
the women within (he city, wpicb wat echoed
back at the same time hv (he criet of tuch at
were slain; while the wnole space of ground
whereon they fought ran with blood; and the
wall might have been atcended over by bodie*
of the dead cai'casses; the niountaiui also coO'
tributed to increase the noiieb^ their echoes, nor
wat there on that night any thing of terror want-
ing, that could either affect the hearing or the
tight; yet did a great part of those that fought
so hard for Jotapata fall manfully, at were a
great part of them wounded. Ilowever, the
iiioming watch was come ere the wall yielded to
the machines employed against it. thoueh it had
been battered without intermiiiiun. Ilowever,
those within covered their bodies with their ar-
mor, and raited works ffver against that part
which was thrown down, before thute liiachinei
were laid, by which the Romapt were to aicend
into the city.
24. In thf morniifg Vespasian got hit army to-
gether, in order to tiike the city [by ttorm,] after
a little recreation upon the harcf paint they had
been at the night before; and at he wat desirout
to draw off those that npiioted him from the
places where the wall had been thrown down, he-
made the most courageojis of the horsenuen get
off their horses, and plufcd them in thr«* ranks
over againtt these ruih» of the wall, but covered
with their armor on every side, and with polet
in their hands,* that so these might begin their
ascent as toonlas the instruments for such ascent
were laid; behind them he placed the (lower of
the footmen ; but for the rest of the horse, he
ordered them to extend thenwlvet over againtt
the wall, upon the whole hHly country, in order
to prevent any from escaping put of the city
when it should be taken; and behind thetc h<B
placed the archers round about, and commanded
theni to have all their darts ready to thool. The
tame comiiiandt he gave to the tlingert, and to
those that managed the.enginetandbadelhiem to
Ml
;
400 WARi OF THE JEWS,
(•k« UP other ladilcrt, (ml h<iv» Ibtinl rmily to liy
■:'t • .
^1.
upon (iKiM (inrla uf tlir Willi whiili wvri' yxt un-
taHvlicil. thut th« bolrficil luiKht be rii|fiirr<l i"
IryInK to liinilcr their itreiit by th«ui, miu Icavn
Ih* gunrd of the pnrtt thRt were Ihniifn down,
while the Ttti of IhenV ihoiild be iiverboriie by
the d*rl* cut at them, and iiiiifhl utrord lii> inv"
tn entmncK into the city.
35. Hut Joiephu*, uiidemtandinf; the nieaninK
of Vetp««(iin'i contrivance, irt the old men, tO'
gether with those that were tired out, at the aound
part* of the wall, ai cxpcclinK no harm ir<m
thoir quartrra, but ut the •lroilK<''t of hi* men
at the pUie wlirre the wnll waa broken down,
and before them all aix men by Ihemailvr*, ainoiiK
whom he took hia ahare of the lirat and Kreiiteat
(lander, lie alao ((ave oHlera, tbnl "when the
le](i<ina made a about they ahould atop their eiira,
thai they niiKht not he uirri|;ht<'d at it, and that,
to avoid (he ntultilude of the rncmiea' darts, they
■hould bend ilown on thrlrkiieea, and coyer them-
Iclves with their ahielila, und (lint thcv ahould re-
'intat a little backward for a while, till the arch-
en ahould have cniptieil their (juivera; but that,
when the Roninn* ahould lii^ their inalninienta
for aaceiiding thi' wiilla, they ahould leap out on
the ludden, and with their own inalrumenta
: shnilhl meet the enemy,' and that every one
(hould strive to do the beat, in order, not to de-
fend hia own city, aa if it were puaxlble to be pre-
served, but In or^er to rrvrn^e it, when it wAs
already destroyed: and that Ihey ahould set be-
fore Ineir eyes how their ol<l men were to be
ilniu, and their children und wives were to be
killed inimediatelv by the enemy ; and that they
wouhl beforelianu spend all their fury ort account
of the cBlninilies just coming upon them, and
pour it out on the urtors."
S6. And thus did Josephus dispose of both his
bodies of men; but then for the uselcaa part of
the citiiens, the women and children, when they
taw their city encompassed by a threefold army,
(for none of the usual guards, that had been
Dghting before, were removed,) when they alao
saw, not onlv the walls thrown down, but their
enemies, witn swprds in their hands, as also the
hilly coantrv above them, shinin);witb'the|r wea-
pons, and tlie darts in the han<ls of the Arabian
•rcfaers, they made a final and lamentable outcry
of the ileatructioii, as if the miaery were not only
■ it^rfBtened, but actually come upon them already.
Sot Josephut ordered the wonieii to be ahbt up
'in their houses, lest they ahould render the war-
like actipns'of the men too elTeniinnte, by niakiii!;
them commiserate their condition, and connnnnd-
cd,them to hold their peac«, and threiitinol them
if they did not, while he came himself before the
breach, where his allotuicnt; was; for all tho»r
who brought ladders to theittther places, he took
no notice of them, but earncaftjr waited for the
shower of arrows that \m» coming:
£7. And now the trumpeters of the several
Roman legions soundei) together, and the army
made a terrible shout, and the darts, as by order,
flew so' fast, that they intercepted the light. llovi<-
ever, Josephus's men renieiiibered the qharges
he had given them ; they stopped their ears at
the sounds, and covered their bodies against the
darts; and os to the engines that were set ready
to go to work, the Jews ran out upon them, be-
fore those that should have used tiiein were got-
ten upon them. And now, on the ascending of
the sotdiera, there was a great conflict, and nian^
' actions of the hands, and of the soul, were exhi-
bited, while the Jews did earnestly endeavor, in
the extreme danger' tlity mere in, nut to show
less courage than those who; without biing in
danger, fought so sliftitly asii«»st'th«4n, nor did
they leave struggling with the Romans till th<'}(
either fell down dead Iheniselvfitt or kiUr<l their
to come in their places, and siirrof them; wlii|»
on the aide of the Roinaii) fresh men still -in-.
ceeiled those that were tired, and still new iixn
soon got upon iha machines for ascent, in Iht
rooui of those that werethrusldo^i|,lhoae rneoit-
raging one another, and joining side to aide with
their ihielda, which werit a protection to llirin,
thev became a body of men not to be hroki'ii,
and as this Imnd thrust away the Jews, ss lh<ii;|li
they were themselves but one body, they bcKun
already to get upon the walR
. 2H. Then did Jo«ephua toke neceaaily for hi<
vounaellor in this utmost dislrrsa, (which imci v
sity la very aagacious in invention when it la irri-
tateil liy diaimir.) and gave ordera to pour «iiil(|.
iiiK oil upon thoae who>e ahields protected Ihriii,
Wh»'reu|ioii thV'y aooii got it ready, b<'ing iiiniiy
thai brou'xht it, and wliat ihey brought lieiii;; V
gnat (luiintity aUo, and poured it on all »iiln
upon the Roinana, And threw down upon Ihim
their veaacU aa they were atill hiaaing from Ihn
heat of the fire; I'hia so burnt the Koniuiis iliat
it diaperae<l that united band, who now luiiilitril
down from the wall, with horrid poiu", forlhcml
did ea»ily run down the whole body from head In
foot, under their entire armor, ond fed upon
their lltsh lik{; llanie ilaelf, ita fat and iinetiinui
nature rendering it soon heateil, and slowly conhil,
and aa t lie men were cooped up in their hiad-
piecei and bren!<t-plHl) », Ihcv could initii wiiyi;il
free from this burning oil; Ihey couhl only ha|)
and roll about in thiir iinina, na they fell duwii
from the bridges they hijd laid. And n* they
thus were beaten back, and retire<l to their una
party, who still pressed them forward, they wi re
easily Wounded \>y tfiose that were behinil thiiii.
29. However, in this ill succeasof the RdiuiiiK
their courage did not fail them, nor did the Jcivi
want prudence to oppose them ; for the Rohiant,
although they aiiw their own men throtvn down,
and in n miserable condition, yet were theV ve-
hemently bent against those "that pound ili' ml
upon them, w^ile every one" reproached tin iiuii
before him as n coward, and One that hiliili rid
him from exerting himself; and while the Ji ws
made use of another stratagem to prevent tlieir
ascent, and poured boiling fenugreek uuon the
boards in onler to make them slip and fall down;
by which means neither could thoae that wire
coming up, nor those that were going ddivn,;'
stand on their feet; but some of them fell back-
ward upon Ihe macdiims on which they ascend-
ed, and were troildeii upon; ninny of thciii Till
down upon Ihe bank they had rained, and when
they ivere fallen upon it, were slain by the Jews;
for when the Romans cuulil not keep their lul,
the Jews being freed from fighting hand Id hand,
had leisure to throw their darts at Iheiii. So llie
general called oO thole soldiers in the evening
that had sufl'ered so sonly, of whom the nuinbtr
of the slain Wa' not aK'W, while thnt of the
wounded was s( ll greater; but of the j)eo|)le of
Jotapata no m re than six men were killid.nl-
though more tl>an three hundred were carried off
Wounded. This liclll happened on the twentieth
day of the month Desins [Sivan.]
'30. Hereupon Vespasian comforted his nrniy
on occasion of what happened^ and as he fnuud
them angry indeed, but rather wanting somewhat
to do than any further exhortations, he gave
orders lo raise the banks still higher, and to erect
three towers, each fifty feet high, and that they
should cover them with plates of iron on every '
side, that they itiight be both firm by their weight,
&hd not easify iinble to be set on fire. Tlitse
towers he set upon iIk banks., und plac«d upon
thcniKUch as could ^hoot darts and arrows, With
the light<titf ngines for throwing atones and darts
also: and besides lliese he set upon thcui the
stoillest men among the kliiigersi who not being
' ■ ■••■•■ ■ t3_
antar o nista. — But th e Je ws gre w we a r y w ith dc — t o b e seen by r eason of the height they a too c
teadiDf; themselves continually , and hail not enow upon, and the battleiiients that protected them
nonK lit -CHAP. vrr.
401
rrnf thf ini wIrU
•h iiirn ttiU <iif .
ml (till Uf¥i iiiin
iir »ct'iil, III Iht
n^il.lhou- t'Woii'
; lidn tn iiiiU wilh
iiUClidii In llirrn,
Kit to li<> hriiki'ii,
)i JfiYIti •• (h<ii||li
lioily, thi^ Ik'Kiir
nrcrMily for hit
fin, (whiili iwcic
on wbftt It i» irri-
lrr« to piiiir "iiild-
It |>rot«Mti'<! ihrni,
r-mly, b<'inff iiiiinr
Y drought iiriii)!; a
vil it nil III! Kiilt'l
down iijioii Ihim
hitting rroiii Ihn
th« KoniHii4, iliat
ivlio nutr tiiinlitril
ill finin''. I'drlhiMul
body from hf ad In
or, onil iVd upon
■ fat and iinivtimut
and tlowly ro'ilnl,
up in tlii'ir Iliad-
could inhii \viiy);il
•y could iiiily lia|i
, nt they li'll down
^id. And n* lh<y
•tireil to Iheir n»n
(irward, thiv wire
vitre b«hinil thrm.
rctflor III)! Ko'llKIIH
I, nor did thi- Jiivi
I ; lor the Roiuimt,
lien throtvn down,
ypt were Ihcv vo-
thiit pound ilii ml
'pruachuil tin nun
one that hiiiili rid
nd while thi' Ji w»
III to prevent llifir
nngri'ek upon the
tlip and riilldoivni
Id thote tlint wire
were goiii;; dcuvn,:'
! of them IVII hack-
diirh they asrind-
ninny of ihciii fell
I ruined, and »lien
: Anm by the Jiwi;
ot kerp their fnl.
Iitiiigh»nd|i> hand,
t^n at them. So Ihe
er» in the evening
whom the nuinbtr
while thnt of the
It of the i)eo|)le of
lei) were kdlid, nl-
red were carried off
u'd on the twentieth
an,]
onifortcd his nrniy
d^ and as he fnuud
' wanting aonicwhnt
lorlationt, he gnve
ligher, and to erect
igh, and that they
8 of iron on every
rni by their wei-jlit,
et on fire. Tlitte
19., and plac«d upon
;s and arrowsi, with
Hg stones and darti
set upon them the
irsi who not being
height they s too d
might throw their weapont «t thote that were i
upon Ihe wall, and were «»ily tr«n by Ihnn.
Ilerrupon the Jew*, not being eatilv able to
ftcapv Ihcitediirli Inat were thrown down upon
Iheirheadt, nor Ik avenge lliriii«ilnt mi Ihote
whom they coiild not tee, and peneivinglhul Ihe
lieL;;hl of Ihe lower* wan •<> ^riul, thai a dart
which Ihey threw with llieir hiuiil I'oiild hardly
reach II, and llial the iron {dm esillioul iheniinaile
it very hard to ciuue at them by lire, lluy ran
away from Ihe nidit, and lb d hiKlily out of the
eily, and fill upon Ihoke tliiil ahol at them, And
thi»< did the pi'iiple of JolnpiUii reti«t the l(o-
luanti while a gn ni number of tbeiii were every
day killed, witmiiit their being able to retort Ihe
iviliiiion their eiieiiiii t, iiiiri'oidd ihey keiptheni
out of the city without danger tolheiiiM Itrm
31. About thit time it wiii that Veopnuian tent
out Trajan againtt acily citllrd Japha, that lay
near to, Joliipain, and thnt desired iniiov iilinn*,
•nd'wvf'pniied uji wilh Ihe uiiexpeiied Irnglh of
tin! opposition ol Jolapnin. 'rhisTrnJan wns ihe
eoiiiniau^er of Ihe teirth legion, and to him Ves-
naiian commilted one thoiiinnd horsemen, and
two thuutuud footmen. ^Vheii 'I'rnjau came tti
Ihe rlly, he found it hard lobe taken, for In sides
the iialiiral itreniflh of ita siluntion, it was aTso
lecured by a ilniible wal^; but when he siW ihe
people of this cilt romiagonl of il,niid reiidy to
ttghthiiii, he joined battle Willi llieiii, and after
• short reaitlHiice which Ihey ninde, he pur»i>. d
ilfler them; and nt they (K-d to their lirst wall,
the Romans iidlowed tiieni so clom ly that they
fell in together with them; but when the Jews
were endenvoriii)^ III n^ again wilhin their se
cuiid wall, Oudr lellow-cililens shut Ihem out, ns
being afraid that the Koimins nouhl force them-
lelves in with Iheiii. il was cerlniilly < iod there-
fore wtio brought the Itoiiians to punish Ihe (tii-
lileans, and did then expose the people of the city
•very one of theni mnnlfeslly li^ !"• distroyed by
their bloody enemies; fur they fell upon Ilie gntet
in great crowds; and enruestly ('cillihg lo those
that kept tlieni, and that by Iheirnniiii s nUo, yet
had Ihey llieir Ihronis cut in the tery midst of
their luppticalioKs; fir the enenir shut Ihe gules
of the nrit wall, and Ihejr otvn citizens thiit Ihe
gttet of Ihe second, so tliey were enclosed be-
tween two walls, Hiid were sliiiii in great iiniii-
bert together; mniiy of them were run Ihiougb
by fwordt of their own men, and many by iheir
own iworda, besides on iniiiiense number that
were tlain by the Koinans. JVor had Ihey any
courage to revenge theiiiselves; for there was
tddeato the consternation Ihey were in from the
coeiny, their being betrayed b)' thirir owit friends,
which quite broke their spirits; and nt last, they
died, curling mil the Romans, but their owit-Tili-
tenli, till they were all destroyed, being in dum-
ber twelve thousand. So TrKJaii galliyfecPf hat
the cily>{jras eiiiptj^of people that crfultf-ltghl;
and althouJ;h there' thuultl a few o^llieili be
lUerein, he sup|)osed that they would be (^timo-
rous to venture upon any opjiosition; tiffw re-
Mrved the taking of the city to the general. Ac-
cordingly, he lent messenger! to Vespasian, and
desired iiiin to send bis ton Titus to finish the
Tictory he had gained. Vespaflan hereupon
imagining thftj-e might be some pains still ni'ces-
Ury, teut bis ton with an itrniy of five huhdred
horsemen, and one thousand footuien. Ho he
Mine quickly to the city, and put bis army in
order, and act Trajan over the left wing, while he
twd the right himself, and led them to the siege:
anifwhen the soldiers brought ladders to be laid
against the wall on every side, the Cialileuns op-
posed them from above for a while^but soon after-
ward tbe]r left the walls. Then did Titus's men
leap into the city, and seized upon it prssenlly ;
bat whea those that were in it were gotten to-
|etbcr, there wut a fierce battle between them;
T t h e me n of pow e r f e ll upon the Hoiuani in
the narrow tirertt, and <h* woman threw what-
tufvcr came neil In hand at them, ami •iitlaiiied
a flghl Willi them for tw hours' tinii'; but win-n
Ihe fighting men were s|ien<, the rest of tlie mul-
lilude hud llH'ir Ihiontt cut, partly in Ihe u|M!n
air, mill parlh in their nWn liouset, both young
and idd li>giili< r. S<> there were no males novr
reniainini^ |je<.i<b-s iiil'unts, who, wilh the wimien,
were carrieil as aliives Milo capljyltv ; tn that lh«
nuMibrr of the slai^i bolb luiW in tne city, and al
the former fighl, whs fifteen thoutand, anil Ihe
cajilivet were two ihoiisalid one buhdrid anil
thirty. This cidniuily befell the (inlileuna un
the twenty-fifth dnt oi the month I>e>in«[!sivnn.}
Ji. Nor did the Saiiiirilant escape their iliHra
of misforluiiea ul Ibis lime; for tlley ns«i iiibleil
Ibeiiitelve* loKelher upon Ihe nioiiiilain cidii d
tierioHii, which it with them a holy iiioiintuin,
and there thev remained; which colli clion of
Iheirt, as well at Ihe cnuragcout iniiidt Ihey
showed, could not but ihrinlen tomewhal ol
war; nor were Ihey reixlered wiser by* the niite-
riet that bad come upon Iheir iielKllboriiig ci-
ties. They alto, iintwithslanding Itie great aUc-
celt the Komaiit hud, marched uu in an uurea>
tollable manner, depending on their own ttrength.
anil were diipmled for any Inmnll U|hiii its firil
appeuraiice. • Veipnsinn therefnre Ihoughl il bett
III prevent their iiintiniK, and lo cut oil the fmin-
ilalion of their attempts. Kor although all Su-
iliarin had ever gnrrisont tetiled" among thein.
yet did the number iif Ibose that Were come to
mount (ieritiiiii, niid their coiitpiruey together.
give Ijround lo feur what Ihey wniilii Im' nl: ha
Iherelore tent tliilbir ('erealis, the commander
nl Ilie fifth legion, with itix hundred hnraenii n
and tbreeithousaiid footmen, whoilid not tliin'i it
snf*' to go up the moiiiitain, and give them JHillle,
becaiisi^ iiiHiiy of the enemy were On the higher
iiiirt of the ground; m he encompassed till the
lower part of the mountain with Ida army, and
wairhe<l Iheni nil thnt ilny. Mow it linpprned
that the Sumnritnus, who were now ileslilule o(
wfller, were iiillanied with a violent Ileal, (for it
was summer lime, and the multitude had not
provided themselves wjth neceiiariet,) insomuch
thnt tome of theiii ilierl that very day with heat,
wlijle others of Ihem preferred slavery Ixfore
such a death as thnt was,iiiid lied In the lin
s
by wlijim C'erenlis iinderslood, ihilt those who atilJ
stayed there were very much broken by Iheir iiiis-
fi>r|uiies. So he Went up the piouiitain, and ha-
ving placed bis forces rfMindablfUt the enemy, he,
in the first place, exhorted IheiiV'totake Ihe'secu-
rity of bit right hand, and coiiie to terms with
him, and thereby save themselves; anil iiisiired
theni, thatif they would lay down their nriiii,
be would secure them from any hnrm; liul tiben
he could not prevail with thi'iii, be fell upon Ihem
and slew them all, bein^ in nuiiibec eleven tho|i-
sand six hundred. Thla whs dyne on the twenty-
seventh day of the m6uth Uesiui rsivnil.l And
tbeic were the calainities that befell the ..Suii^ari-
tans at this time. \ '
3J. But as the people of Jotanata alill held out
ihanfullv. And bore up under llimr niiserirt be-
yond all that could be'lioiied for,\on the fiirty-sc-
venth day [of the siege] the baiiki c^st Up by. the
Romant were become higher than the wulT: on
which day a certain deserter went to Vespasian,
and told nim how few were left in the city, and
how weak they were, and that they had been ao
worn out with perpetual wntcbiug, and as per-
petual fighting, that thev could nut now oppoae
any force that came agnnist them, and that they
might be taken Ijy strntagero, if any one would
attack them; fiir that about the last watch of the
■ight, when they Ihoughl they might have some
rest from Ilie liard.ships Ihey were under, and
when a-niorning sleep used to come upon t'leni,
as they were lliorouglily weary, he anid the
w at c h uted t u fall asl iei i; a cc u r di ii gl v , bis a il -
at protected them
'^
WARi OF TUP. JRWfi.
498
Oil* .Uwrtir. . « knowiiiK tx'W hithful lh» J«w«
.fcouM .n.k« th,irMurk .n . W- Ami «« •'•'•..t'.'^:" !li!!,'!!::„'frr.::!
mi* tiriiirn'r, . • •"""•"■n "•••• V V .
m»nj» "iHt •n<ilh«r, ind howniuch lh»» tl«|>»
•d tny piini.hm»iil« Ihit i.iul.l Iw in(«<-l««l on
thrnu lliuU.l. h.,t«MM iin« of lh« |»»»pl» of Jo-
tiipHU h«l unil.rKoiir •U «<'r«» of tMri»i>n»«. •«<
inouili thry iii»<lJi hull (*••• ihrqDjfc •>'>,'""'
of hi" •■•"•■■"•■» "» hi» rMmiiwtiiul. yi %oulU ll«
.nforiu Ihnii nothiMB ol lh» iiir»irt wi'hin «h«
city, ind, •• h« »»•• crm,i(l*«l, »iiill«i •« «h*ni.
How.rtir, th« iin.h«bil»«y Jlw" »•» '''»••« rr)»-
.ioii ilwlf, <liil iKrtlv roirflriii th» IriHh of whiil
tb« ilrtrrter tol<l thriii, mill th. » Uic.li»l»t h»
wiKhl i.rolii.l)ly'«j)«-iili lh« Iriilh. Hi.w«»rr, Vn-
pMliO UiouKhl lh«y •hould l.«i no nr««l •ullerrri
If tha rMwrl win* •htm i lo h« coiliiiinndrd thtiii
to k»«i> thfl own in cunody, uml I)"!*""* "»•'
•rniy for ••king lh« ciljr. ... „.
34. A< cordinR lo which rftolulion »h»y nurch-
mI wilhuiit HOI", »t th* hour thut h«d b«»n lold
Ihfiii, to tfc« w«lli und it !•«• Tllui himwif th.t
tni KOt upon il. with onuof hU tnbmn. Donii-
" liu« SMim: und h»d • f«w of tbi fiftfrnth le-
(iun ilonK With him. So ihfy cut th« throMi of
tki« watch, and rnt«r«d the city very «|«<l'« y-
After thaie came Ccreali^ the tribune, ami I In-
eidua, and l«nl on Ihoim that were under them.
Now when the citadel wat taken, ami the enanipr
ware in the very mid.t of the city, ami when it
wai already day. yet wai not the tHkiiiR of the
city known by tho«e that held its for « Rreat
Diaiiy of lh.m were fa.t n.J.ep. and a (crealiiii.t,
which then by chance fill M|H)ii the city, hinder-
ed thoM that rot ui> from dl.linclly leeiiiK fl>«
caM they Were in. till the whole Koiiiaii army wai
KOtten in. •ml they were rnlied un onlv lo find
the nii.iriet they were umler; and at they were
ilayioK. «h«y l>«rccived the city waa taken. And
for the Homain.they to well remembered what
they had luirered during the tieKe. that their »par-
cd none, nor pitied any. but drovfi the iieople
down the precipice from the citadel, and ilew
them ai they drove them down; at which liiiie
the dillicuUiei of the place hindered thote that
were ttill able to «ght from d.feiidinu tliem-
fclvei : for aa they were di»tretii*d in the narrow
•treeti,«n(l coultl not keep their feet juVe alonn
the precipicen. they were overpowered with the
crowd of thote that came fiKhtin|{thcm from the
• citadel. Thit provoked a great many, even ol
th'oiechoien men that were about Jotephut. to
kill themtelvet with their own handt; {or when
thfy taw that they could kill none of Uje Bo-
inant,they retolved to prevent being filled by
the Roman., and got together in grtal num-
bcn in the utmott part, of the city. aAd killed
themtelvet. \
35. However, such of the watch at at fir* ,
ceived thiy were taken, and ran away at fat
they could, went up into one of the towert on the
north tide of the city, and for a whde defended
themtelvea there; but at they Were encompait-
edwith a multitude of eneniiet, they <ried to
use their right handt when it wai trfo l»te. and
at length they cheerfully offered their neckt to
be cut off by thoie that ttood over th«m. And
the Koiiiani might have boasted that the conclu-
tion of that tiege wat without blood [on Iheir
•ide.1 if there had not been a centurion, Aiito-
niuB. who was slain at the taking of the city-
Hit death was occasioned by the following t«*a-
cheryi for there was one of those that wero fled
into the caverns, which were a great noniher.
who desired that this Antonius would reach him
his right hand for his tecurity, and would assure
him that he would preserve hini. and give him
ftu assistance in getting up out of _the cavern;
•ccordingly. he incautiously reached him out his
rig h t ha n't, .vlir n tlic other man uiytentcd liim
_.„..-. . . . _ .._.i_„ l.ls ln;>ia Mrith n ■n»ai-. nni
lidlnn
uiiiUr
WI'Ml ihllt
un tha lollowing dajrt they Marcliad ll
placet, and lell ui""' thot* that we
■round, and in tha cavern., ami ft
ihnMigh «v»ry age. rsceplliig tha Infaalt aicUht
w an. ami of tli"e there were jlathered Iuh.
th«r as captive, twelve humlrajli and a. f«r
thosa that were .lain at the takTOg ol lb* i ily.
and in tha former (ighit, they w.ra ii«ii*tr»d («
ha forty thou.aml. «o Ve.|«.ian gave onirr Ih.l
the city .lioul.l iM entirely di niotithed. and all
the lortiliiaClon. burnt down. Ami lliu. was Jo-
tapata taken, in tha thirtaaolh year of the r.i|{B
of^Nero, on Ihf ftrsi day of tha month I Niienivt
['I'ainui.l
CHAP- VUI.
Haw Jottfhui umt ducovtrtd *y a IKoinan. ak4
waf willinr to iltlivtr himtt{f ui) /« M« «o-
mani.' and what Ditrouru *t had 4eUh hil.
own Mtn, uiktn.llny tnJiavortd lo hutdtr Aimi
and what ht laid lo yttfLatian, tehm hi vu
l/ronghl lo him ; and in what Mantur yiifoifn
ulid him nfXtrwatd.
J 1. AM>n»iw the Roman.- .earned for Joh'
uhu., both out of tha hatred they bore bim. Mid
liecau.« Iheir general Wa. very de.iroU. to hat)
hiui taken; for he reckoiieil that tf he were one.
taken, the greale.l part of t\iv W»r Would !»*(*:
over, They then .earched among the.>le»d. and
looked into the most concealed recette. of 111.
rily; but at the city was flrti taken, he was ii-
sitted.by a certain .upernaturBl.provide«<:ei lor
he withdrew himself from the enemy when h.
was in the midst of them, and lea|ied into a ctr-
Iwi.i deep pit. whereto there adjoineil »largcU«a
at one tide of it. which den could not be teenbj
those that were above ground ; and here ha nwt
with forty iiertons of eniincm;* that had coilcetl-
ed thenMelvet. and with provitions enough to
taliKly thiiii for lu»t a few d»yt. So in tlie d.j
time.hohidhimtelf from the enemy, who litd
triied uiwii all places, anil in the night lliii.' hi
not up out of the d*n. ami looked about lor Km.
way of etcaping, and look e»act notice ol Uu
watch; butat all placet were guarded ev«j
where on his account, that »here wat no ivny of
■retting off unieen, he went dpwu Mg»iu ii to lUe
den Thut he concealed lijiiisell two day. ; hut oi
the thirdday, when they hail taken a woii*u who
had beeiVwilh them, he wat discovered, f> here-
upon Vespasian tent immediately and jfciiloiiily
two tribunes, I'aulinut and Oalicaiiut, a^ ordtr-
ed them to give Joicphus their right Bhn.ls ait
security for hi^ life, and to cihorl him to coiueup
2. So they came and invited the mail to coins
un. and,gBve hnn assurance, that his life should
e,c-1i« llrftervedj but they did not prevail withhini;
M for h« gathered suspicioni from the proba "lily
• there was that one who bad done so many ihuip
.gainst the Uamans, must sutler for it, Ihougli
not froin the mild teiii|M!r of those that layitwl
him. However, he was afraid that he «"'"♦'•
ted to come up in order to be punished. """'*"■
pasian sent beii^es these a third t^ibnne. Nicl-
nor, to him; ho was one that was well known to
Josephus. and had been his familiar acclujuiilanc.
1,1 old time. When he was come, he enlargcU
upon the natural mildness of the Romans to-
wds those they have once conquered, and told
him, that he had\>ehaved hiiii.elf so valiantly. th»«
"he commanders rather admired.than haled h la,
that the general was very desirous to hB*e |i ro
brought to him, not in order to punish h.in.lM
that he could do though he should not come vo-
luntarily. but that he was deterniined «our2erve
a man of his courage., Hejiio«o«!r^«ddi|rt™
that VespasianiilHThe licen resolv«Lto inipoK
inron''"". would not have sent to him a friend
Ss^.Si:;r^ -"•'
^
out th e faire s t col o r upon
t ■
ait Millh hii.
DTtd (0 liinJtr himi
inatt, uAcn A< vw
Mantur ytiftuim
(car^irit fur J""'
IhrV lior* liliii, ktd.
ty clctiriiUt lu 'hM|]
nnt if h« Weni one*. ^^^
ui(>i>K tb«^c(Ml> •■><■
led rcCMirt u( (hi
lakcii, he wm u-
ral.|irovijMi<:«i for
Id ciimiy wli«n h*
il leniied inU) » c«r-.
tdjaiiieil w\»t%ti»
ould iivt )>« DKcaby
il ; and hrr« h« lutl
i;<i Ihitl Imd cun<:««l-
uviifuqi cnuuKh t»
\y%. So III IIhi digr
t) rnrinjr, wliii liM
n (Ik: dikIiI ti""' h*
uli*(l abiiul fqr »oiiw
i-x»ct nolice |Ol' Uu
vere gunrdcu «v<r;
here w»t no Wnjrof
duwu ugBiu iiltii tl>*
n*ll'lwodi>)«3l>utoi
I Inki'ii B woii*ii will)
Uscoverfd, Vi litM-
lialely and Wiiluniljr
iHlicaiiua, aifl onl"-
liir n|?l>t Bhniljai*
ihoMlMintocoiueup
led the man (o come
I that h|« life thouM
not prevail witlihini;
from the '|irob»l)jlil»
done »o many lUiiip
•urter for il, lliough
uf thote that iuvitwl
aid (bat he wa« in«i-
le puniihed, until Vti-
third tribune, Nicl-
i»t WB§ w«l! known to
familiar acciuiiiiilaDM
19 come, he enlarged
J of the Roniant to-
t conquered, and lolJ
niielfso valiantly, that
uire<l>than hated hi'";
desirous to hHvc liini
der to puDiih hiiii, tor
e should not come vo-
leterniined •"F?*!?!^
en resolved_to inipoie
; sent to him a frieno
faire s t col o r upon ll'«
il ■ • 8... ■ *', t»^
v."
It
I
.>^-
■-'Vj?
\% \ ^
^*^-»4l^>
-^r-
JOSEF HUS IN TUB CAVK.
3 1
J friendthip and roe»»-
ippp
HIHP^w,' » '
X
I
'h
%k
)!t
\ '.
KKIK iii.-cH*r. vui.
■ %\
^-f
49t
'., him l«l"r»l..».l l>"tl« •'" '»•«'• •»U<n[«i«» "'
,tt,ii •lit|>«rur.. No* Jo«i|.hu. wu .W.- lu |i»*
MthUr.«iM.« h*.. »»•« MMl.i«uo,..l.r .l.li..f ^
wl by «i<»<l M'iri<t«»r. Iii- •••• n.|l Mn».i|u«iiil»J
with »b« |>r.(ph«ti»« coiiliilin'<l in. ••><' ••"•'•
Wki. M. U.|»J > ,.»!•.« I>.m..lf. «n.l of Ih. \».»
urily or uri«il«l ■»•» J(»« «'••« "" ••<• "« •>»"■•
tiMf. •ml ""'"B '•'"*""' * •••• •'•'"f"''""»
loMcM of lh» .lr« hf hiKl l.lrly h».l, »«• |iut
«p7«.cr.t |.r.,rr |.. Uod. .ml «i.l. " Si'-I' I'
nU.M'lh lh«i.,<*h« hMt cr.»l«l |h« Jrwi«li n«-
tiuo lo ill pr." the .»iii«, wxl ••»' • •" ""■''
lo«a loriuiw I. Ioii» ov.r to Ih. Hoiu.i.., hm'I
linr* thim bml mwl* clwie* «' »>"• •""' "" '»i'»*
lo ToriUll whnt I. «o rbnm to |iii» li.r«.fl« r, I
nillMitW tiy Ih'"' "'♦ •'»'"'•• »'"' ■"' <■""•""
u,i„,. Aii.iii"""'""!"^'''^'*'"*' '»•"»•;« *t"
ot.r lo tl»« It KB. •• • il.MrUr of lb« J**..
but H • mipii't*'' from th««. "
4 Whrn h<' uiiil Oiu, lie tpmpH««l wilh Nir»-
nor'a Invil.tio" Hut whfii Ibo.r Ji i». who li««l
lltil with Uiiii. iiinl«r»toi.d thwt li« yiMili-'l t«
thiM tir.ll. Mr lilMi.i, . b«i .trti ...jth.t II !.•
".rT.iMl 'Ion. I.y lh.«. «h.. l.h.Uh.l lilHifW
fwm «., hot Ml Ih. |.r.w«l («. o«lr .H.ml.. 0*
n«ith*r IM..I »• In h.tlU. «.tr .lo Uw. kill ••.
wh.« h# i. olAiKr.l lo.li., «»< h. JH.. -Ill Ui«
«h.ii h. I. not "l.liK"' •" «<• ''•> *7'"«, •«.• *t
•fraiil of. wh.B ••• will no! «■> «|> I" t^. Ko"'.".^
I. il .l.alh I If TO. wH«l ••« .r. .fr«l«l V" "•"•"*•
,bul .««i-».l otrr fiiriiirtt w'tl inHiriit ♦<• «'. ••»•»
^w« loll.fl II on ««r.*l*..forrrrl.i«» «l«"t »t«r
b. «l<i, w. ii"«»l h« .l.»'« AnJ .r. »*• ib-'t '•
..l..r.l.l. of lib.rl) .1 |.r.«nll U '"V •'••
Im .«l.l. th.t It U • m.nly Ml for on* lo \ki I Nlnf
..If No. oruinly. bi.l • nio.1 *nf»lH«ly "Ml
.• I .honhl ..I..™ Ihiil l>ilol to Ui d,t »ti»n\
fow«r.l. who. oat of f»»r of ••"•""••♦""''''''"..
h.. .hip of hi. own .f. or.l N..w, ..If-iilMnUr II
• rrini. nio.l r»f«ol. IroiM Ihi. ron.imm n4lur. ol
III .nintfii. •<»» •» •H.t<»tt^« uHiu|U«ly »««'«»|
<J«.lourl;rr.l«f . m.r iml»..l l| ih.r. kny .i.im.l
Ih.tdi*. I>v ll.own <onlrl*«n<», «' "y 't« ""*
n.»n.. for Ih. .If.ir. of Utv i. « I »» '"¥'»""'"
Ihrm .III oil whieh »cr..ui.t wr .U.^. tli"»«' IhH •
oiwiiU Uli. il .w.y from i>« I" ••» ""' «"•"",'*•(
» 1.1 ino.r lh.l do It b, tV««hrry "f P"""''"^
l..r .» .loinit. AnJ Uo not yo« ih<«h »••'''"''•
,„. .ncry wh.n k mill <lolh i.ijurv lo *•)»»''•
h.lti br,low.Hl on hw. r For Iroo. In... It » llm»
wr b.vr r«<nvr.l i«ir l». iiil|. .n.l «*oMKhl l.> **•"•
Il lo hi. .Ii.pui.l to l»k.' tUl I" iiiK «w.y l»om u..
Th. iMrtlir.ol .11 0...I »r« iii<l«"l ii.orl«l. »nU nn
i.rr..t.aom»rcorr«|»i.hl.' ...«H'r. ';."»«»'• •7' '*
^ _.-. I .. . ■i..riii>ii ol Ih. ilivlniiy
„„;. in;.r.'tio». .|«t wb.„ ti.o.-. j. *. wi.. ...u '-;»«•;,;;«;;;•; ,7»',v": ,,:;■■; \rih. .ii.i«i.y
ll.,l with Uiiii. ..i.<l.r.t....d Ih.l h« yirl.lr.1 lo 2l[l2Mul»tZ,,lun. ' IIAi.Im. if ."y <••>« <•«•
iboul him in ■ body, .nd crii'd "M'-,*^ •>[,"•.
il«rd, imw m.yl)l. luK..if mir for*lnther«.whloli
OoJ or.l.l»f(l Hmurlf. wril ^ro^n l.» iMirpo...
U»t Oo«l. »»« ">•".. "h" ''.''' .•f«.l"' "'", *""'*
or Ih.. J. w. of •ith a trmi.. f. Ihiil Ihrjr ".••l(';«.
dtHtb. " "
OJoxphu.! »rl tlmu .till fomi of li(r '
■nd'c.n.t Ihoii b«iir lo w Ih. liRlil in • "'"««',•;[
lUr.ry'f Huw .oon IimI thou forjollen Ihy.tilf I
How ni.ny hml thou per.u.il*.! to lo." th«ir
livr. for llb«rty I Thou haU thi-rrfur* hail ■
fiha reputation for manhood, and a like f.«l.«
rtputntion f'.r wioloni, if thou rnn.t hope for
nrcicrv.tioii from tho.c nRainH whom ihoti li..l
fourhl .oubIou.Iv, and art, bowcvrr, willinR to
bt prritrvtil by Ihtni, if lh«yf)e in •.«.«. t. Hot
ttlhough 111. good forliinn of lh«! Hoiiian. hatn
mad. thee forgit lhy»ilf, ««• "ukIiI lo l»k« r»rt
that lh» Klory of our foriifMtli..r. mny not I"' 1"-
niA«.l. V. -.....-. I.
iwnnl
Ibou will dio «• n traitor lo Uifiii. A. toon --
4h«y .aij thi., ihry biijfiin lo Ihru.l Ih.ir .worda
.. tt him, .ml llir»iiUne.rthojr would kill him, it he
maue iiicn ■..1^.. .../.■.^... ■■• ■•••B ■■-'
that lh» glory of our foriifMtli..r. mny not I"' 1"-
niAcd. We will I. iid lhi« our ri),'lil hiin.l nnd »
iwnr.1; ami if thou will die williiiily, ihmi will
dieM a gem-ral of the Jew.j but if uowill.n|{l>,
Ibou will dio «• n traitor lo ibiiii." A. ioon ...
■ ai n.ni, ni.il ii,rr...».,,»«* »«« » ,..-...-
tboughl of y ieldinic lo the Romnos.
6, Uponthi.. Jo»<i)hu« wu. nlruid of llmr At
tacking h(in, ami )«l tbo.iL'hl licjhoul.l In- a l«-
trayer of the comu.and. of (iod|(r he dud btfor^
Ihey wire deliv.rfd. So be beean to Ulk like
a philwmpbir to Ihun in the di»tre«» be wa»
thin lu, when he .aid ihu. 10 them. ".O luy
friend., why are we lo eHriie.t to kill ourielve. f
ahd why do «.. let our »oul and bo.ly, which are
inch (ienr comiiaiiioni, nt .urh varianrel Can
. any one prelemV that I am not the uian I wai for-
merly'? N»y, the Roiniiiis »r«! .eiiaiblc li.iw the
inatUr .t^|f well enough. It i. « tirnve thinir to
die in wnflpi «o (hiit it be nrrord»n(t to Ibc law
ofwar, b^hefuinil of coniiuiTiir*. If, Ih.nfi'"
I aroid .Iralli from Ibe .word of Ilie Roman.
.iVoy.or .bui«. • d»p...ilum h« hath received
(WH. a mere man, lig I. ..I. emed 1. « .ckeil uiul (...r-
ftd.oo. |H.r,o.ii but tb.nif anjr one c«t o.it ofhil
hmly Ihi. .(Iviii. d.po«ituii!,,can w« Ininniu.' Iwl
he iho I. thereby allrnnl.d d..e. uol k«..w ol it f
Moreover, our law j«.lly or.lmii. that .l»ve« w lU 1
run away from ll.Hr mil.lii. .hn" be puul.hwd.
thouvh lb. im..trr. Ihrj run aw.y from Mi»y
have been witk.d ma.t.:r. t.. them. And iiall
wa emleavor to run 9way from l.od, wUo 11
Ibe b..t of «ll ma.trri. nil-l not think our.elvei
hlichly Kuilly of impieU / \>» not you know lb»l
llm.. w*io .fepart <jut of Ibi. life. a<:< i.r.ling lo
the law of n»lure, an.l \>*, Hiftt >tl»'l wliK^h w.l
rir.ivr.l fr.imllo.1, wIku h« tb»l l.ftt i» u. II
plea.ed lo rwiuire It back .g*in. enjoy elern.l
hone; that their houw. and Ibeir po.lenly ur«
.ur.-, that their »oul. .re purt ami obedient, bbU
obtain a ino.t holy plare in In a»eM, from whence
in the reviduliim of bk.'.. lb«v »r" e|{oiu ii«ia
into purff budie.; while the »mil. ol lli<.«" whoa*
hand, have artr.l nm.llv iigaiii»l llie.ii.elvtl, ar*
received by Ihe .larke-t bIuib in lliide., Bua
while tiod, .vho i» tb.ir b.ther, puni.he. tho.e
t r uly wo r thy t o b t kill e il by my own n wonl , an d
my own band: Iml if they admit o( merry, aiid
would .pare their enemy, how much more ongbt
we to have mercy upon our.elv«». and to apare
wuiie %.oii, .vno i. .ii.i. ". |,-..,-...-
Uint offend aaHiinl either ol Ibeiii in III. ir l««t«-
rityifor whi.h re««..u (Jod hate lurh dmii([.,
and the crime I. puni'h"' by our mo.l Wim lenii-
lator. AtcorditiKlv our law. .Uierjiiine, that the
bodiM of.urb a.'kill li.em.elv.. .hould bo ei-
uo.e.l till the .unb.- ,et,.villiout burin .although
1,1 Ihe .u.iie time il b.- allorte.l by ll.en. to be
lawful lo bury oiir em riii<« ["oniier.] lb. I»w»
of olher. nation. uUo ....iHin hu.Ii men ifiamU to
Im) cut on when they me .lead, which had been
iim.le we.if iud..lr,.yin.,' thrm».lv.« when .live j
while they r. cko.i. d tl.ut «. the body \» nil" n from
the loul, »o i. III.' hmiil nlien.lrom Ihe bo.ly. II
if, tlorelore, iii> (Vi.imli., » rij5*t thing to re«»on
ire, ju«tly, nod m.l add l.i tlie calamilie.^wl.i. U men
am I brini? upon m.. iii.pi. ty towi.r.l. our Creator. It
■ ( , ! ■«'' a ."i'l'l '" pr.-irv. ooraetvci., lit u. clo
it; for U> be pre»« rv. .1 liv^lliivse our eiieii.i... to
whom we huve siv.n n> mnny demon.triitiou. of
our courage, U no way iiigWrijiu. ; but if we h«v«
J I
%m
494
WARS OF THE JEWS.
Iiiil to Hie, it U gooil to die by the hiind of
tho» tlitl have conc|ucrp(l u».
For my |>«rt
will not rup o»er tu our entinirs' qiiiirttrs, in
onierlohe n trtitor to myself; foi Teriniiily I
iliDuld ihiMi he niiicli more foolish ItiBh tlime
that il«'»erted to the enemy, ninre they did it In
iinltr If) »avc theniHelvid, iiml I ihiiulit do it for
ili<truction, fornly own'djstruc.tion. llow<v«T,
1 hiDrtilv wisli the K.iiimiis iiihv prove Iriaohe-
• rmis in ini» matter; for if, lifter thi' olVir of Iheir
right hnml for sc'iirity, 1 he tluin hj them, I
•hull die cheerfully, Bnd cnrry uwHy with me the
iciiHe of thtjir jHriiilinnsniDs, «» u coniolatlon
v,reiitor thiln victory itsrlf."
(i. .Now thiKU Biid miiiiy tlie lil(o motives did
Josephii* ii'i til these iiii'ii to prevtut thfir miir-
d.riiig theiiiiilveii! but (le»iMtriitioji hud shut
their ears, iis having long nj;o ilevofid thein-
•elvos to die, iind thiy wen- irritnleil at Jose-
nhiiH. 'I'hey theii riih upon liiiii Willi their «word«
in their hanilt, one fruin one qn;irtrr, and another
from iiiiother,tind called him ii ( inViiiil, and evi ry
oiiu of them appeared openly ni if he were n;ady
to. finite hi'ui; but he ealliug to one of them by
„n:ime, and looking lil<e » general to' another, nnd
t;ikiii|j.tt»hird hv the haiitl, nn^ making a fourth
n'^hanuHl of hiniailf, by praying hiiu to forliear,
mill being in tliiscoiulilion distracted Vith various
piuwons, (,a« he well might in„the great dislreM
lu- waR then in,) lie kept olV every one of their
' sword* from killing him, and wiis forceil to- do
?, liki' such wild beasts an are fciirompasneil about
'on everf''. sidis^ who always turn themselves
■ Against those that la»t louchr d them. Nay, sonic
of their right hands, were debilitated by the re-
verence they bare to their general in these his
fiillBl calamities, and their swunl.s dropped out of
kind; while . some rejoicpd that JoHphus wni,
taken, and smne threatened him, aiid some urowd^
cd to see hliii very iimr; but those that were
mure remote cried out to hav» this their enemy
put to death, while those that were lieiir Called
to niihd t1»e actions he had ihiiie, and n deep con-
cern nppeitred at the change iif his fortune. Nor
were lliere any of the Kiininn commanders, how
lunch soever tliey hnil be< n enraged at hini be-
fore, bnl relented when they came Vo the night of
him. Above all the rest, 'I itns's own valur, and
Josephns's oWn patience under his <ilHiction»
made him pity him, as did also the coniniisera-
tioiiof his age, when he recalled to mind that
but a little while [igo he was flighting, but ky
now in the hands of his enemies, which niadi!
Iiiin consider the power .of fortune, and how
' quick is the turn of nlVairs in war; and lioW no
stale of men is sure: for which reason lie then
made a great many more to he of the same pitiful
temper with himself, and induced them to com
iniserale Josephua. Me was also of gnat weight
in persiiadin;' his father to preserve him. How-
ever, Vespasian gave strict orders that he should
Im! kept with preiit canfion, as thongh .he would
in a very little lime send him to Nero. «
9. When Josephus heard him give these orders,
he said, that. he had somewh;it in his mind that
he would »*illini.'ly say to himself alone. Whra
tlierelore they were ;lll ordered to willulraw, ex-
cepting Titus and twp .of their friends, he s:iid,
"■riiou, O Vtjspasinn, tliinkial lio morethaii that
thou bust taken Josephu* himself captive, but I *
come to thee as n messenger of greater tidings;
for had not I bei n sent i>y God to thee, I knew
what was the ltiw» of the .lews in tliis case, and
how it becomes generals to die. l)i)>-t thou send
Iheir hands, ami fiot a few of themtherc were, | me to NeroJ Kor why r Are Nero's suilcessors
„who, when ihey niiiicd to aniite hiiir with their
"swords, they were not thoroughly either willing
Or able to do it.
7. However, in this extreme distress, he was not
.! destitute of hi» usual saigi.city ; but trusting; liiui-
«elf to thejirovidence of Goi'l, he put his life into
hazard [in the manner fidlowing;] "And now,
^ (said he,) since it is resolved Binongyoji that you
■' will die, come on, let us coniinit our mutual
deaths to determination by lot. He whom the
lot falls to first, let him be killed by him that hath
the second lot, and thus fortune shall make its
progress through us all; nor sliall any of us Jie-
rish by his oWn right hand, for it would be unlair
if, whenithe rest are gone, somebody should re-
. • pent and save himself. This proposal appeared
: to tiiem to be very just; and when -he had pre-,
vailed with them to determine this matter -by
, lots, he drew one of the lots for himself also. He
who had the first lot laid his neck bare to him
that, had the next, as supposing thHt the general
* would die among {\tcm, immediately ; for they
thought death, it Josephus might but die with
theui, was sweeter than life; yet was he with
another left to the last, whether we rtiust say it
happened- so by chance, or whether by the |>rov-
idenee of God. And as he was very desirous
, neiliicr to be condemned by the Tot, nor, if he
- had been left to thje last, to iii|brue his right
hand in ihebloo'dofnis countryman, he pcrsuad-
.^c^ him to trust his fidelity to hiiii, and to live as
' : well as himself.'
8. Thus Josephus escaped in the war with the
. Romans, aiid in this his own war with his friends,
and was led by Nicanor to Vespasian. But now
'■ ail the Romans ran together to see liim; and as
the multitude pressed one Upon another about
tlieir general, there was a tuoiult of a various
* I do not know where toTind the law of Moses here
■nentibncil liy Josepllua, and al'icrwnrd liy Elc.izar,B.
tr i l -ij i .
li d alm o st i m pl ied i l l ^. i.rh. l i i i .
. .„ j i . v i u. sect. I ;a iii
Kfl. 10, liy Josephns's roiiimeiidatioii of I'liasnclus for
doing sq; I iiicin wlicrcl>v Jcwiuliceiiemls and people
were obliged to kill Ihenuelvcg, rather than go into
till they coine to thee still alive.'? Thou, O Ves-
pasian,' art Ciesar,' and emperor, thou, and Ih'u
thy son. Bind me now still fiistfcr, and kecffnio
for thyself, for thou, O C'li^nr, frt not only lord
over nie, but over the land and the sea, and all
nrankind; and certainly I deserve to be kept in
closer custody than 1 now inn in, in order to bo
punished, if I rashly atVirni any thing of God."
\Vhen he had said this, Vespasian at present
did not believe him, but sujiposed that Josephus
said this as a cunning trick in order to his own
preservation; but in a little time he was con-
vinced, and believed what he said to be true,
God. himself erecting his expectations, so as to
think Of obtaining the empire, and by other signs
foreshowing his advancement. He alstj found
Josephus to have spoken truth on other occa-
sions; for one of those friends that were prescht
at that secret conference, said to Josephus; " I
cannot but wonder how thou couldest not fore-
tell to the people of Jotapata that they should be
taken, nor couldest foret»ll this captivity which
hath happened to thyself, unless what thoU now
sayest bea vaiti thing, in order to avoid the rage
that is risen tgainst thyself." To which Jose- ,
phus replied, " I did fonetell to the people of Jo-
tapata, that th^would be taken on the forty-se-
venth day, andimat I should be caught alive by
the Ptomans." Now when Vespasian had inquir-
ed of the captives privately about these predic-
tions, he found them to be true, and then he be-
gan to believe those that concerned hiinself. Vet
did he notfstt JoSephusnl liberty from hisbands,
but bestowed on hini suits of 'clothes and other
precious gifts; he treated him also in a very
obliging tiiann«r, and continued so t^^o, Titus
still joining his interest in the hoiMBhat were
done biin. . ^^^
slavery under heathens, I doulit this would have been
no better tlian aelf-murilcr ; and I lielieve it was rather
nf the rigid I'har-
B oni e v a in d o rtr i n
ri.ilnrprftatinn i
isce*, or Irenes, or IJcrodians.tliRn ajust consequence
from any law ofGod delivered by Moses.
death of Jose
mora, UhiMratc
>
BOOK in.— CHAP. IX.
496
CHAP. IX
How Joppa teal lakin,anU Tibtriasdtlivtrcdup.
{1. Now Veapiifiiiiii ri-turncd tu I'tuleinaiii on
llie fourth (lay ul the uiunth runiiiiua, [ Tniiiui,]
and froiii thence he cnliie to Cii'tnreu, which luy
by the aeu iKle. Thii wii« n very f^rciit city of
. Judea, and for the ereali'jt juirt iiih»liileu by
y. Oi-eelii; the citixcna here rcci'ived both the Ro-
man army and it* general witli all sorti of accla-
mations and ri'joiciiigti, and this partly out of the
good-will they bore to the Uoinana, but princir
|ially out of the hatred llity bore to those that
were conquered by them ; uu which account they
came claniorinic agaiuitt joicphui^in cruwda, and
deiired he nii^^it be put to death, liut V]«8pa-
lian paased o\er this |>elitl(>u concoriiini; him, as
olfcred by the injudiciuua multitude, with a bare
, lilence. Two of the Irj^iiinii uUo he placed at
. Ca>«area, thut t^ey might there tnke tliuir winter
quui-tem, as |)ercijjving tlie city-Very fit for such
a purpose ; l)ut he placed the tenth and the fifth^
at .Si'yihbuulis, that he might not distress <^te!ia'
rea with the entire army. This ph'ic* was warm
(iven in winter, UK it ivas ■uHucatiMg hot tn. the
simmier time, by reason of its situatioii in a
plain, and near lo the sea [of Ciatilee.3
2. In the mean time thci-e were gathered lo-
?;etlicr'B9 well such as had seditiously (jot out
rom among their cnfmiea, as those that had
escaped out of the dtniolished cities, which
wc'rc- in all a-great number, uiid repaired Joppa,
which had been left desolate bjJ Ccslius, thiit it
might serve them lor a place ol refuge; and be-
cause the adjoining region had been laid waste
iu the war, and was Jiot capable of supporting
them, they deteririincd to go olf tA sea. They
b1.4o built thcniseUxs a great many piratical
ships, and turned pirates u|)oa the seas near to
Syria, and I'hcenicia, and Kgypt, and made those
aeus uniiAvigable to all men. Now «s soon as
Vcspiisian knew of their conupiracy, he sent
both footmen and horsemen to Joppa, which was
unguarded in the night time; however, those
. that were in it perceived that they should be at-
tacked, and were afraid of it; yet did they not
endeavor to keep the' Romans out, but lied t<i
their ahips, and lay at sea all night out of the
reach of their darts.
3- Now Joppa is not natiirallv a haven, for it
ends ill a rough shore, where all the rest of it is
"Straight, but the two ends bend towards each
other, where there are deep precipices, and great
stonea that jut out into the sea, and where the
chains wherewith Andromeda was bound have
left their footsteps, which attest to the antiquity
of that fable. But the notth «vind opposes and
beats upon the shore, and dashes mighty waves
against the rocks which receive them, and .ren-
, tiers the haven more dangerous than the Country
they had deserted. Now as those people of Jop-
pa were floatrng about in this sea, in the morn-
ing there fell a violent wind 'upon thcin ; it is
oaTled by those that sail there, the black no^rth
wind, and there dashed their ahips one againut
another, and dashed some of tbcni against the
rock$, and carried. many of tlMm by force, while
they afrbve against the opposite waves, into the
main sea; for tho^shore was eo rocky, and had
■io many of the enemy upon it, that they were
afraid to come to land; nay, the waves rose s%
very high, that thr«' drowned them; nor was
there any place whitTi*: they could fly, nor any
way to save themselves while thejr were thrust
out of the sea by the violence of the windi if
they stud where they vfere, and oiit of the city
by the ^ol^nce of the Romans. And much la-
mentation there waa when the ships dashed
against one another, and a terrible noise when
* These puMic mourners, hired u|)0n the suppoaed
death of Joseplius. and the real death of many
they were hroktn'to pieces ; and Some of the mol-
tilude that were in them werrfovered with Waves
and so )iiTlslied, and a great many were embair-
rassed with shipwrecks. Hut some of them
thought, that to die by their own swords wu
lighter tli.m by the sea, and to they killed them- .
•elves bt'lttro they were, ilrowned; although the
greatest )inrt of Iheui were carried by the waves '
aiid dashed to pieces against the abrupt parts of
the rocks, insomuch that tlie s<'a was blupdy i
long way, and the iiiaritinie parts were full t>r
dead bo<lit>s, fOr the Romans came- tlpoii those
that were carried to the shore, and destroyed
them; and the number of the budiea that were
thus thrown out of the si^a, was I'uur thousand
and two liundAd. The Komahs alio took th«
city wilhouto]>position, and utterly demolished it.
4. And thus whs Joppa taken twice by. the
Romans in » liljtle<4inie^ nftt Vespasian, in order
to prevent these {lifjites from coming thither any
more, erected a camp there, where the citadel of .
Joppa had been, and left a body of horse in it,
with a few footmen, that tliese lust might stay
there and guard the camp, iiud the horsemen -
might spoil the country that lay round it, and
might destroy the neighboring villaeci, and
smaller cities. So these troops ovrrrnn tlie coun-
try, as they were ordered to tlo, and every day"
cut to pieces and laid desolate the whole region.
5. But. now, when the fate of Jotapata was re-
lated at Jerusalem, a greut many at t\\e first dis-
believed it, on account of the vastness of the ca-
lamity, and because they had no eyewitness to
attest the lru.th of what was related about it; for
not one person was saved to be a messenger of ■
that news, but'a fume was spread abroad at ran- ' •
dom that the city was taken,- ui such fanio usu-
ally spreads bad neWs about. However, the
truth was known by degrees, f|;om the places
near Jotapnta^and appeared to all to be top ttui.
Yet were there fictitious stories added to what
ivas really done; for it was reported that Jose-
phus was slain at the taking of the city, which
piece of news filled Jerusalem full of sorrow. In
every house also, and among. all to whom any of,
the slain were allied, there was a lamentation for
them : but thi;,maurni^g for the conim.inder wai^
a public one, and some mourned for those that
had lived with them, others for their kindred,
others for their friends, and others fur their breth- -'
ren, but all mourned for Josephus; insomuch that
the lamentation did not cease in the city before
inoiro, Uhistrate sonic passages in tlie Bllilc, whisb sup-
^
the thirtieth day, and a great many hired mourn-
ers,* with their pipes, who should begin their
melancholy dkttiiu Hii' them.
6. But as'tMimh.CBnie out in time, it appear-
ed how the aflrart. of Jotapata really stooti; yet
was it found that the death of JD8ephui|i was a
fiction; and whc;i thefuntlcrstood that he was
alive, and was among the Romans, and that the
commamlers treatecl, him at another rate than
they treated captives, they were- as Teheniently'
angrv at him now, as they had showed their good
will uefore when he appeared to have been dead.
He was also abused by some as having been a .
coward, and by others as a deserter; and the city
was full of indignation at him, and of reproaches
cast upon him: their rage was also aggravated
by their afflictions, and more inllamed by their
ill success; and what usually becomes an_ occa-
sion of caution to wise men, I mean jifflictioii,
becnhie a spur to them to venture on farther ca-
lamities, and the end of one miscrfi became still
the beginning of anothcT; they therefore resolv-
ed to tall on the Roman's the more vehemently,
as resolving to be revenged <^a him in revenging
themselves on the Romans. And this was the
state of Jerusalem as to the troubles which itotr
came upon it.
pose the same customs, as Matt. li, 17 ; where the rea> .
dcrmay consult the notes of Sfotlui.
tdt
4**
400
WARS OF THE JEWS.
7. But Veupmimi, in order to_««e the kingdom
of Agrippa, while the king him««lf penuadcd
him »o to do, (partly in onlor to hii trcBtln); the
general and hin army in thr be»t and niott «pl<'n-
did manner hin privatp alfiiirB would enable him
to do, and partly that he might, bjr their ineani,
correct tucli things a» were nnii« in his govern-
ment,) he removed from that Cicsur^a.which was
by the ica-side, and went to that which i» called
Cwiarea I'hilippi;* and there he refrf'hed hit
ar»iiy for tw.nty days, and was hims<?lf f'asti-d
by king A^rippn, where he also rrtnrned public
thanks to Ood fur the good success he had had
in his undertakings. But as soon as he was in-
formed that Tiberias wfts fond, of innovations,
and ihat Tnricheic had revolted, bnlh which
cities were parts of the kio'gilom of Agriopa,
and was satisfied within himstlf that the Jews
were every where perverted [from their obedi-
ence to theit governors,];' ho thought it Vason-
able to make an expedition against these cities,
and that for the sake of Agrippa, and in order to
briiiir his cities to reason. .So he sent n\Vay his
son Titus to [the otherT CajKarca, that he might
bring the anny that lay there to Scjthopolis,
which is the largest city of DcCapolis, and in the
neighborhood ot Tiberias, whither he came,
and where he waited for bis son. Ha then came
with three legions, and pitched his cnnip, thirty
furlongs offTiberias, at a certain stntion easily
teen by the innovator^; it is n^ined Sennabris.
He also sent Valerian, n dccurion, with fifty
horsemen, to speak peancablyto those that were
in the city, »nd to exhort them to give him assur
rancei of their fidelity; for he had heard that
the people were desirous of peace, but were oblig-
ed by Some of the seditious part to join with
them, and fio were forced to , fight for them.
When Valerian had marched up to the place,
and was near the wall, he alighted oil' his horse,
and made, those that were witli hiin do the same,
that they might not be thought to come to skir-
mish with them; but before they could come to
discourse one with another, the most potent men
among the seditious made a sally upon them
armed; their leader was one whose name vvas
Jesus, the soifof Saphat,the principal head of a
band of robbers. Now Valerian, neither think-
ing it safe to fight contrary to the commands of
the general, though he were secure of a victory,
^nd liuowing that it was a veiy hazardous uiid«r-
taking for a few to fight with many, for those
that were unprovided to fight those that were
ready, and being on othci accounts, surprised nt
this unexpected onset of the JeiM, he ran away
on foot, as Uid five of the rest in like manner, and
left their horses behind them; which horses Je-
sus led away into the city, and rejoiced as if they
had taken them in battle, and not by treachery.
8. Now the seniors of the people, and such as
were of principal authority among them, fearing
what would be the issue of this matter, Qed to
the camp of the Romans: they then took their
king along with tbein, and fell down b«fore Ves-
pasian, to supplicate his favor, and besought
' him not to overlook them, nor to impute the
madness of a few to a whole city; to spare a peo-
Sle that had been ever civil and obliging to the
lomans; but to bring: the authors of this revolt
to due punishment, who had hitherto so watched
them, that though they were icalous to give
• them the security of their right handsxf a long
time, yet could they not accomplish the same.
• With these supplications the general coin^)lied,
although he were very angry at the whole city
about the carrying oS hi* horses, and this be-
cause he saw that Agrippa was under a great
concern for thero. So^when Vespasian and
. Agrippa had accepted of their right hands by
way of security, Jesus and his party thcrgght it
not safe for them to continue at I'lberias, to they
ran away io Taricheir. The next day Vespa-
sian sent Trnjan before with some horsemen to
the citadel, to make trial of the multitude, whe-
ther th.y were all disposed for peace; •"d M
soon as he knew that the people were of the
same mind with tlic petitioners, he took hit army
and went to the city; npon which the citlient
opened to him their gates, and met him with
Bcclmnationsof iov, and called him their tftvior
and benefactor. But ns the army was a great
while in gi tling in at the gat. s, they were so
narrow, Vespasian «f nimnnded the south wall to
be broken down, and so made a broad ppssage
for their entrance. However, he charged them
to abstain from rapine and injustice, in order to
gratify the king; and on his account spared the
rest of the wall, while the king umtertook for
them that they should continue [fiithlul to the
Konians] for the lime to come. And thus did he
restore this city to a nuiet state. Utter it had
been grievously alllicted by the sedition.
How Tarkhea ttms Inken. A de$criplioni>f the
Kicer Jordan, and of Ike country of Gennt-
sariiih. .
S 1. Anb no\V Vespasian pitched his camp be-
tween this city niul Tariche;e, but fortified hit _
ramp morp Ptrongly, as suspectiiig that he
should be forced to stay there, and have a long
war; for all the innovators had eotHfti together
at Tarichca;, as relying upon the strength 61
the city, and On the lake that lay by it. Thit
lake ill called by the people of the Country the
lake of Gcnnesarcth. The city itself is situated
like Tiberias, at the bottom ot a mountain, and
on those sides which are not washpd by the sea,
had been strongly fortified by Jo»ej>hus, thougn
not so strongly as Tiberias; for the wall of Tibe-
rias had been built at the beginning of the Jews
revolt, when he had great plenty of money, and
creat power, but TaricheiE partook only the re-
** . "^ r ., . ,-'.1 i;».. v^t UtuA 4liav a crpi,iit
creai power, uui ia,,,."^— j..?.-""- ~—j —
mains of that liberality. Yet had they a great
number of ships gotten ready upon the lake,
thai in case thej- were beaten at land, they
might retire to them ; and they were so fitted
up, that th«* might undertake a seafight also.
But as the Romans were building a wall about
theif camp, Jiesus and his party were neither af-
fricfated at their number, nor at the good order
they were in, but made a sally upon them, and
at the very first onset the builders of the wall
were dispersed, and these pulled what little they
had before built to pieces; but as soop as they
saw the armed men getting together, and be-
fore they had sulfcred any thing thenitelves,
they retired to their oWn men. But then the
Romans pursued them, and drove them into
their ships, where they launched out as farat
might give them the opportunity of reaching the
Romans with what they threw at thcmjand then
cast anchor, and brought their thins cRfte, at in
a' liite of battle, and -thence fought the enen^T
from the sea, who were themselves at land. But
V--pTf|||n hearing that a great number of them
wereiSten together in the plain that was be-
fore the city, he thereujion sent his son, with sis,
hundred chosen horsemen, to disperse them.
2. But when Titus percei*td that the enemy
was very numerMs, he sent to his father, and
informed him, that he aliould want more forces.
But as he saw a great many of the horsemen
eager to fight, and that before aiA succors
could come to them, and that yet somff of them
were privately under a sort of coniternation at
the multitude of the JeWi, he stood in a place
wh e nce h e might be heard , and s ai d to them,
•Of this Ctftarea PhUippl (twiM mentioned1<i_oiir i .'.'Jj" bVve RomaiisYfor it ii tight for me to put
Kr.'=«%-M'-ih"^^^^^^^ ly----* "^ what nation yo«lre.inthebe,ii.
BOOK III.— CHAP. X.
497
oinip of mjp ipeech, that lo you niav not be igno-
rant wKq yuu are, and who Ituy are aguintt
irboiu we ore guiuK to fight. Kur im to u«, R{f-
niana, no part u( tTie haliilablo earth hath been
able lu escape our handit hitherto; but ni for the
iuvi/i, that 1 niiiy apenk o( theih tiro, though they
have been already beaten, ^el do they not give
np the cauae; and a aad thing it would be for a>
to grow weary under ^ood hucccsh, when they
bear iii> under their niisloi tiiiiia. Aa to the alac-
rity which you ahow piibhcly. I aee it, and re-
joice utit; yet am I afraid lent the niultilude of
the enemy aliould bring a concealed fright upon
some of you: let audi a unr conoide^ iiirain who
we are that are to fight, and »vho tno»c are
against whom W(i arc to fight. Now these Jetva,
though they be very bold, and great dcapiaera of
death, are but a (Iniorderly body, and unskilful
in war, and niiiy rather be called a rout than an
army ; while I need aay nothing of our likill and
our good order; for thia is the reason why we
Romuua alone are exercised for war in time of
peace, that we niuy not think of number for num-
ber, when we come to fight with our eiiemiea;
" for what advantage should v/a reap by our con- ,
tinual sort of warfare, if wo inu^t atilf be equal
in number to audi as have not been Used to warl
Consider lurther, that you are to have a conflict
with men in etfect unaruied, while you are well
arihed; with foufiiieii', while you are hor>cinen;
with those that have no good%cneral, while you
have one; and aa these advantages make you in
effect manifold more than you are, so do their
disadvantages mightily diminish their number.
Now it is not the multitude of. men, though they
be aoldiersr, that uianagcs wars with success, but
it is their bravery that does it, though they be
but a few; torn few arc easily set in battle ar-
rmy, pud can easily assist one another, while
over-numerous armies are more hurt by thcni-
■elves than by their enemies. It is Ijuldnesa and
rashness, the elfects of niadnfss, that conduct the
Jews. Those passions, indeed, make a great
figure when they succeed, but. are quite extin-
guished upon the least ill success; but we are
led on by courage, and obedience, and fortitude,
which shows itself, indeed, in our good fortune,
but still doea.not for ever desert us m our ill for-
tune. Kay, iiideed, your fighting is to be On
greater inottves than those ol the Jews; for al-
iougb they run the hazard of war for liberty,
and tor their country, yet what can be a greater
motive to us than glory? and that it may never
be said, that after we nave got dominion of the
habitable earth, the Jews are able to confront us.
We must also retlect upon this, that there is no
. fear of our sufliering any incurable <lisastcr in the
present case ; for {hose that are ready to assist
Us are many, and at hand also ; yet it is in our
rower to seize upon this victory ourselves, and
think we ought to prevent the coining of those
my father is sending^ to us for our assistance,
that our success may be peculiar to ourselves,
and of greater j-eputation to us. , And I cannot
but think this an opportunity wherein my father,
and I, and you, shall be all put to th£ trial, whe-
ther be be worthy of his forinei- glorious perform-
ances, whether 1 be his son in reality, and whe-
ther voU bereally my soldiers; for it is usual for
my father to conquer; and for niyself, I should
'^ not bear the thoughts of returning to- him if I
Were once taken by the enemy. And haw will
^ you be able to avoid being ashamed, if yoit do
not show equal courage with your commander,
when be goes before, you into (Innger? For you
know' very well that 1 shall go into the danger
first, and make the first attack upon the enemy.
Do not you therefore desert me, but persuade
. yourselves that God will be assisting to my onset.
Know this also before we begin, that we shall
— — now ha v e thi e b e tte r suc r ess t l mn we sh o uld ha ve ,
i. As TituvWM saying thia, an extnordinanr
fory fell upon the men; and as Trajan was al-
ready come befure the fight began, with four
hundred horsemen, they were uneasy at it, b«-
Cause the reputation of the victory would be di-
miniahe<l by being conimuii td so many. Vespa-
siun had nh<o sent both Antunin* am) Silo, with
two thousand archers, mid had given it therti in
charge to ai iie upon the numiitaiii that was over
against tile city, uud rt p<i| those that were upon
the wall; which urchera did as they were com-
manded, and prevented those that Htteinpted to
aaaiat them that way. And now Titua made his
own horau march first ngainst llie envmy, as did
the others wifli a great noise after liim, and ex-
tended th<'ins<dves upon the plain as wiile in tho
enemy which confrnnted them, by whicli means
they appeared much more nuiiieroiis than they
really were. Now the Jew*," although Ihey were ;
surprised at their onset, ami at their good order,
made resistance against tin ir attacks for a littlo
wlfile; hut when they were pricked with their
long poles, and overborne by the violent noise of
the horsemen, they ciime to be irampled under
their feet; many also of them were slain on
every side, which made them disperse them-
selves, and run to ilie city as fast as cviiy one of
them wt'ie able. Si> T'tus pressed upon the hind-
must, and slew 0iem| and of the r>st, »oinc he
fell upon as they stood on heaps, iiiid some ho
prevented, and met them in the month, and run
them through; many also lie hiiped upon al
they fill one upon another, anlrtrod tiiem duwn,
and cut otl' the retreat they Bad to the ivall, and *"
turned them back into the plain, till at Inst they
furod u pa<ijage.by their inultitude, and got
away, and ran into thi: city.
4. iJilt now there fill out a terrible seditiou
among them within the city; for the inliabitants
themselves, who had possessions there, and to
whom the city lieJonged, were not disposild to
fight from the very beginning; anil now the less
so, because they had bieii beaten; but the fo-
reigners, which were very numerous, would
force tliein to fight so much the more, insomuch
that there wfts a clamor and a tumult ainonar
thein, as all mutually angry one at another. Aiiu
when Titus heard tliis tumult, for he was not
far from the wall, he cried out, " Fellow Joldicra,'
now is the time, and why do we make any delay,
when Ood is giving up the Jews to us } Take tho
victory which is given you ; do not you hear
what a noise they make'/ Those that have es-
caped oiir hands arc in an uproar against one an-
other. We have tho city, if we make haste:
but besides haste, we must iindtrgo some labor,
and use some courage; for no great thing Uses
to be accomplished without danj^er: accordini^ly
we must not only prevent their iiniting again,
which necessity will soon compel them to do, but
we must also prevent the coining of ouroivn men
to our assistance, tliat as few as we are We may
conquer so great a multitude, and may ourselvea
alone take ttie city."
5. As soon- as "ever Titus had said this, ho
lehped Upon his horse, and rode apace down to
the lake; by which lake he inarched, and enter-
ed into the city the first of them all, ns^did the
others soon after him. Hereupon those that
were upon the waJIs were seized with a terror at
the boldness df1|^e attempt, .nor durst any one
venture to fight with him, or to hinder him; so
they left guarding Che city, and s<jme of those
that were about Jesus fied pver the country,
while others' of them ran dowirto the lake, and
met the enemy in the teeth, and. some were slain
as they were getting up into the ships, but other*
of them, as they attempted, to overtake those
that were already gone abroad^ There was abo
a great slaughter made in the city, while those
fo re ign ers , that had not fl e d away "already, ma d e
opposition;' but the natural inhabitants were kill-
If we were to light at a distance."
:X<.
406
WARS OF, THE JEWS.
CoAiciaamiKM that tliry lixl mil «[ii ,,
■ent Id the war, tlicy nvoideil ligiiling, till Titus
li«(l alain the authori of Ihit rcvult. and Invn put
\i -^
ed without fighliiiK; Tor inhopciof Titnt'a civino;
tbciii hi* riKfit haAd for their tecurityiUiidout or
■ ' ' ' ivcn aivy con
tiif
llh _
• itop to any further •Iftuglitrrt out of cuniuilic-
ration of ihta^ inhabilants of the place, 'out for
C^ote that bad lied to the lake, upon seeing the
city. taKcn, they tiiilcd as far as'tl"*y posnibly
could from the, enemy.
6. Hereupon Titus sent one of his horsemen to
hit fathrr, and let him Ifijow (he good news of
what he had done; at which, us wu» natural, he
was very joyful, lioth uii. account of the courage
and glorious uclions of his aori: fo^he (hought
now the greatest part of the war was over, lie
then came thither himself, anil sit men to guard
Ihe'city, and gave the'ui aomniaml to take car<!
ll/at'nubo<ly got privately lOUt of it, but to kill
aqtfh as uttemptitf no to do. And on thei next
' \lay he weut ilown -to the lake, and coniniandcd
that vessi'ls should be fitted d|>, in order to nur-
iue those thut hud esciiped in the ships^ Tdeie
v«iseU' wcrk quickly gdtten ready accordingly,
because there was great pleiilv ot uiateriuU, uiid
a great number of artifictvrs also.
7. Ndtv this lake of (icnhesareth is so called
from the country adioining to itf ils breadth is
ibrty. furloiig!), and its Iriigth •orfo hundred and
forty;. its waters are sweet and very agreeable
for drinking, f<>r they -hre finer than the thick
waters of other feua; thejajie i* also pure, and
o|i every side ends directly at the shores, ami at
the sands; iWis iilso'of a tempej-ate nature when
you draw it up, did of a niore^genlle nature than
rivcl^ or fountitii water, and 'vet always cooler
than ene could Apect in so dinitse uplacc asthis
is; now wheu/iis water is kept in the open air,
it is as colli as that snow which the country peo-
' pic are accuiilonied.to make by ni|^ht in suuiuier.
There are^ several kinds o<| lish lit it, ditferent
both to the taste and the sight from those else-,
wImjIc. It is divided into lw<r parts by the rivof
.Jordan. Now faniuni is thought to be tlie foun-
tain of Jordan, but in, reality is carried th'ither
after'aiwoccuU .manner from the place called
Fbiala:4his place lies as you go i^ to Tracho-
■itis, and is a hundred and twenty furlouga
from Cffisarca, fand is not/ar out of the road on
the-right hanji; tlnd indeed it hath its name of
Hhiala [vial Or bowl] very justly from the round-
ness of its circuinl'eTence, as being round like a
wheel; its water conti'nues always up|t6 its ed^es,
without either sinking or runniiij; over.. And as
■ this origin of Jordan was fonnerly not known, it
was discovered so to be when I'hilip »vas tetrarcfi
of' Trachonitfs: for ,he had chali' thrown into
Phialu, and it was found at Panium, wliSre the-
ancients thought the fountain head of the river
was. Whither It had been therefore carried [by
the waters.] Aa for I'aniuin itself, its natural
beauty had been improved bf the royal liberality
6{ Agrippal and adorned at pis expenses, ^ow
Jordan's visible stream arises from this cavern,
and divides the niarshcsfund fens of the lake of
Seniechonitis; when it hath run another hundred
and twenty furlongs, it first passes by the city of
Julias, and ihcn passes through the middle ol the
' lake of liennesareth ; after which it runs a long
way over a desert, and then makes its exit into
the lake Asphaltitis. •
3. The country also that lies over-^gainst thiaf
lake hath the |a«ie name of (iennesaretli; ita
nature is wontiutful, as welllua ils ocauty; its
> soil is y frqitfuT^hat all aorii of trees can grow
*It la'aybe worth our whilcAo observe licre, that
neaMliiailakeorGeuncsarcth drniicsnml tigshanu' on
the trees ten niontliaofthe yfe«« VVc may ohncrve also,
thaWn Cyril of Jerusalem. Cnlcchcg. xviii.3, which was
upon it, and the inhabilahd acrordingly niant all
sort* of trees there; for the trnipcr of the air is
so well mixed, that it agrees very well with those
several sorts ; particularly walnuts, which require
the coldest air, ifourish there in vatt plenty ;. there
are palm-trees also, which grow best in hut air;
fig-trees alio and olives groW near theni, which
yet requirtf an aii- that is more temperate. Qile
may call ibis place the ambition uf nature, where
it forces those pUnis that are naturally eneniiet
to one another to agree, together; it is a happy
contention of the seasons; as If every one of
thein laid claim to this country; for it not only
nourishes ditrerenf sorts of autumnal fniit be-
yond men's expectationSv but prrserves Iheiu a
?;reat while; it supplies men with the principal
ruils, with grapes and figs, continually, during,
ten months of the year, and ^he rest of Hie fruits
aatkey become ripe together through the whole
year;* for "besides the good temperature of the
a4r,,it is also watered from a mojt fertile fountain.
The people of the roUnlry call it Capharnauni:
some have thought it to be a vein of the iVilc, be-
cause it produces th^ Coracin fish na well as that
lake iloes which 14 near to Alexjindria. The
length of this country extends itself along the
bajks of this lake, that bears the anine name,
for thirty furUiiigs, and is in breadth twenty. ^
And this is the nature of that place.
9. Jlut now, when the vessels were gotten
readj-, Vespasian put upon ahin-hoaril as many
of. his forces as he thought sutticient to be too
hard for those that were upon the lake, and set
sail lifter them. ■ Now thdse which were driven
into the lake, could neither lly to the land, where
all was in their eneinics' hand. and in v^ar against
Ihcin; nor could tlicy' fight upon the level by sea,
for their ships were small and fitted only for pi-
racy; they were too weak to fight with Vespa-
sian's vessels, and the iiiaTiners that were in
Iheni were so few, that they were afrahl to couie
near the Romans, who attacked them in 'great
numbers. However, as they aaifeij r<>und about
the vessels, i^nd aomelimes as they came near
thcim, they threw,atones at the Roma'na when
they were a good way ofT,^ or came closer and
fought theni; yet did they reMJve the greatest
harm themselves in both cases. As for the stones
they threw at the Romans, they only made a
sound Oiiu after the other, for they threw them
against sUch as were in their armor, while the
Roman darts could r^ ach Ihe Jei^s themselves; •
and when they ventured, to come near the Ho-
nians,'Hhey became sufferers- theinaelvea before
they could do any \)atm to the other, and were
drowned, they and their ships together- As for
those that enilcavoVed to come to an actual %ht,
the Romans, ran niany of them through with
their long poles. Somelimcs the Ronians leaped
}nto their shipa witii sworda in their hands, and '
slew them; but ivheh some of tbcm met the ves-
sel, the Romans cau|;ht (hsm by the middle, and
deatroyed at once their ships and thematlves who
were taken in them. , And' for such as were
drowi\ing in the sea, if they lifted their head* up
above the water, they were either killed by dart», ^
or caught liy the vessels; bul^if,-in the (tcsprrats
case they we^e in, they attempted<to swim to the- ,.
enemies, the Ronians cut off either their heads
or their hands ; ' and indeed {he?*- were destroyed
after various mannera every wnere, liU the rest
being put to flight wercr forced to get upon the'
Jarid, while the vessels encompassed th^m abijut
[on the sea;] b&t as many/ of' these w^re rcputsed .
when they were, getting asbore, they were;^ killed .
vionr, soon afiarllicaame'tlraeoftbeycar, carae anj
/ound/Mrrtop a fiK'trceiiear Jerwaleui, liut nojigt,
because the time of ucw i/^s ripeiH*ig'it/'«» n«r ye/.Jia
.. -. snyg very true, aor were *l'ey, llicfefore.othBr than
delivcreu not lonif heforc Knstci-, mere wprc no ircsn | old loaves wliirn our HuViouranw, and old (lc» wIjIiIi
leaves of tiK-tccea nor liunchea uri'resh t!rapes.in Judca; 1 he expected, njiil wliirli/evcn with ua coiumqniy baai
to that when St. Hark aayii ch. xi. i:i, that our Sa-<i on tlie trenail winter, lo
f'f
' 1 .::) ■
BOnK MI.— CHAP. X.
400
'bjr the iltirts upon iho Inkr ; aikI tho Koinuiif
le>|M^(i out of tnrirytMrhiUitl <li'iitr(iy('fi it greiit
inanr inore upon the Unil: onii injirht tlivii n'f
the fikt: nil bloody, anil t'ull ot° ilrinl lii>ili< «, l'i>r
notour ol' tlirui vaciipi'd. Anil l> li rrilili' uliiik,
ami 11 very »i"l il|?ht tti«T« w«» rtii tlie lollnvvitijf
<lay> over tliBt couHtry i for ii$ lor liiuiiliorM), tin v
«vnj;<i lull of •)iiiiu'riM't>.4, unil nt' duid liodii h nil
vyt'llrd; nnd n» tlir dciid lioirii'H wnrr iiiHniiicd
liy thi; »uu, niiil putrU'iitl, fliry iN)rriif)trd ihr uris
iimomucli Ijiiil tilt! Uiiierv n'l" not only tin iilijtrt
ol roninii«eralioh to tin: Jiwk, but to llioio' t.lml.
Itfltfd tliviil, iind lii^d bi'cti llio iiulliors ol thiit
misery. 'I'bii Wii* tin: upidi'it ol tlit' »tii-li|;|il.
The iiiiioIh r of that nhtiii; Miqluiliiig tliojn; (hut
W«re killt'd lu lliu I'lty liirori', ivii!> mx tboii«:ind
and l)vu liuudrid.
10. After till* llnht vvii« "ovrr. \'(»pnsinn mit
ui>oii Iiix triltuhiil lit 'i'iirit:li<a', ill iirilir to di<i-
tinguiitb Ur*!_lor('i);n(Ti4 iVoiii tin: idd inlihbilnntu;
for thonc for('i^ntr:« iippt'ii'rtil to liavo l>rf;nii tliu
war. So ht' delib^'iiili d witli tbt' otlit rcoiiiiiiiiiiiU
el-s, whnthrr lie OH^I't to nijvc tlinsi; old inliidii-
Inntu or not. And ivhrn (Koim: roiniiHiiidtrH al-
If^t'd tlint tlir (li.iini»niori of ihcni would be to liin'
own i,li<<ti<lvantii)^<>, litriiusc, wlirn they m-re onfu
set at lib'prty, tlify would not bu nt riKti.sinii:
thej wouM 111' pcoplr (It iftitutv of proper liabjlii-
liouD, and uould bf able to coiiiptl siicli nit tluy
dcd ti', to rii>'lit n|;)iin<t u^t, Vi'spnai.tn noknotv-
leil;;i!<l tlmttln^y diil iiotdntrvt; to bp mivtMl.niiil
that if tin y liiiff Uavi; nitrn tliiiin to lly away.
, ihiy would niuki! u.«e of It n^iiiiMt tho!(c tlinf
Kav'i; tlniii that leavi\ But ^ill Ini i'4jiiiiideW(|r
with hiniKt lA nftrr ivhut nianncr tliryobouldlie^
•lainf* for if hi- had tht nV flain tlnfe, hv. sus-
pected the ptopli: of the countiy would litrvby
oeconiu Ilia encnys; for that to beiuiVj""
uejiui
OI^^CI
f^lfy:
*Tlil8 !■ tlieinolt cruel and bafharoi^^cllon that
Vespni'inn cvcriliilin tliia wliolb war, »» lir did It with
great rlihii'tiMicn also. It wasiloneliollinflisi' pjihiln an-
iurniiic);iv<ui of spnfinR tjic prisohprs' liven, niiit when
\\\ knew iiiitl coiiti'n^i.'il that tlirsie iirifotierit were noway
;lillly of aiiV htiUiIoii aiiuinFt llie ltoinnn!i. Nor, iii-
•lecil, ^liil 'riliiH now ^ive hi* roiiKeiii, so far as aniKnrii,
nor ever acted oi° himself so tinrlinroiixly ; ii^y, Kuoiiitf-
tur. this Titus grew quite weary of KhuUilinK lilooil, and I
would never bear it, Ih^t'lo many that hai) hrem
mipplieanla to hiiii ihoidd be killed; aMd to olTcr '
violi'rtcr to thi'in, alter he had ((iyn Ihrin asiur'
Anceii «f thtir livii, he eouhl hot himarif bear to
<lo it. llowi^viT, hi* friends were too hard for
liiiii, nnd pri tended tlint notliin|;;a)(aiii>t the J<!wt
cptild be any iinpiely, and that hi: oukIiI to pr»-
f< r what \vn« jirofuarde before what was lit to h«
done, \yhere both could not be Consiiiti nt. So he
)^avi' theiii hn nuibit;uuus liiierly to do at thejf
adviard, and periiiilfed the priaiinf ra to go along
no other road than tbnt nliii'h led toj'ilieri&t
only. So they readily believed wh^it they, de-
aired to III! true, iind went ulon;; neturi Iv, With
their ell'ei'ts, the way which waa nlliweif them,
while the Koinnna aeiit^l upon all the road that
ltd tu 'I'iberias, tliiit none of them niigbi go out
of it, and ahut them up in the city. I'lnn lants
WxpHsiun, and onleriil them all to stand in tlio
stiHiiiiiu, and noHiihniidcd them tu kill (hu old
men, toj^ether with the othrra thnt wer* um lext,
"tvbo Were in number a thouaaiid and two liun-
dreil. Out of the yoHn^ nien he chose six tlioit-
tand uf tlie«ttron^eat, and aeitt them to Mero, fn
dig through the iathmua, nnd sold the remuinder
for sliivea, being thirty thnuaand and four hun-
dred, iiesides i>nch as he niade it present of to
Agrippa; for as to those (lint bilongr.l^o hit
kingdom, he gave him leave totto wlKit b<0|^leai»
ed with tlleiii: however, the kin^ mid thesi'>uUa
for »|aves; bilt for tin: reat of. ihi' multitude, ivho
were 'i'rai'lioiiites, and (inuJnniteK, and of Hip-
pos, nnd Home of (Jadarn, tire greatti' part of
llitMH were seditious persons and fugitives, who .
were of sucdt ahaineful charactf rs, that they |iie'*',
ferred war before pence. These prisoners were
taken oii. the uightn day ef the iuoiith Cio.pieu*
[KluJ.] , ^ -.
of punisldns the Innocent with the Ruilty, and (avo the.
(icoplit uf (ilsriiiiin-lcavc Ip keep the Jewish Halihalb,
U. iv. rh. ii. met. A, "■ ; in the niiilst of their sieKC Nor
was Vespasian ilispuseil lo do wjint lie iliil, till his offi-
rers peritj)indc<l liiin, itiiil that front two principal topic!,
viz. that liothiiig couhl lie uiijiMtthni was iluiie aealuit
the Je.ws, and that when liotli cannot b« roiisistcnl,
aifnaNfUj^e must prevail over ^uiVii:*. Admirable court
ductrincii these t
■■A'
m
BOOK IV,
CONTAINING THE INTERVAL OF ADOUt'oNE YEAR.— PROMTHE 8IKGB OF GAMALA Tp
THE COMING pF TITUS TO BESIEGE JERtrsALEM. "
CHAP. I.
Tht H\ege and -Taking nf fiamala.
8 1. ]Vow nil those Galileans who, hfter.the
takinjr of Jutapatn, had revolted from the Ko-
iiians, did upon the conquest of Taricheicdvl^j^
tbeuiselvC'S up to them again. And the Komnns
received all the fortresses and the citii'S, except-
ing GiaclialaaniU those that had beenaeizeil upon.
Mount Tabor; Oamnla also, which isa city over
Higainst Tftrishex, but ou the other side of the
ialce, cuhnspired witi] them.' This city lay upoin^ ,
tiie borders of Agrippa's kfiigdijm, as alao did
Isogana and Scleucia, And these were both parts
• of Gaulanitis^ ioT Sogai^fi was n part of that CDlls
ed the upper' Gaulunitia, ns was Gamnla of tlie
lower; while Seleucia waa ^malud at the liil^
* iseuiechgnitis, which lake ia thirty fiirlongii' in
tineadth, and sixty'in length; its marshes reai^i
, esfarnB ^he plac0 I>aphnci' which in other re-
•peots is a delicloua plact^ amlhath such foun-
tains ag supply water to «;hat is called Mttlc Jor-
dan, under the temjile of the •^oldiiicMf,* Inhere
it ia SI nt into Great Jordan. : Now Agrippa had
unilid So^unaii^nil Selcuc'ta by leagues to hiin-
aiHf, at the v'ery beginning (tf the revolt front the
Uoniana; yet did not GuniaU' accede to t ten),
nlut relied upon the dillicitlty of the place, wiiieh
tras greater (hun that of Jotaimlu, for it was situ- .
ated upon 9 rough bridge of a liigh\niountainv .
with a kind of neck in (he niiddlu; iyni:re.it bc<
^^ins to'iiacend, it lengthens ita<:lf, and ilfecliriet
as much downward before as behind, insOiuuch
that it is like a camel in figure, from whence it ii
so itamed, although the people of th^ country do
not prououncc it acc)irately: both on the side
and the face there are abrupt parts divided from
the rest, and eilding in vast tieep valleys; yet
ore the parts behuitl, where thtiy are joined to
the mountain, somewhat, easier of ascent Ihaa
the other ; biit 'then the pcbple belungiug to the <
place have cut aii oblitpic ditch there, and made.
that hard to be ascended also. On its acclivity,
which ia straitr hoii.aea arc bujlt, and those Very
thick aiid close to, one another, Th^ city also'
hangs so Strang) ly , that it looks as i^ it would
'i
I * Here we Have tl<e exact situation of one of Jerobo-
im's /roiifin ralees, at the exit of Little loriMn inle
Great .l&rdnn, near a plarccallei) Dnptne.hnX of old
Dan. ticcthcnotson Antiii.i^.Viii,ch.vid.BCCt.4. But
_ •_' .; ^ 65 • • . - • ,
Relnnd suspects, tlmt.cvcu here we should read Dai»lil>
Rt8n<lo(^Daphne,tliOrc hcinn nowhere elie anjr menlhm
of a place called Uaphnt hcrcabouu.
500
WARS OF THE J^VfB.
tM down upon ilteU, to |hkrp' ii it at (h« top. It
II exnoincl to the loulh, nnil itt «outhcrn iiioMnt,
wbicti renchra to i«n iinnmnte h«i|{l(t, whs in tlio
naturu of a citailel to the cit^; and above that
trai a precipice, not M^llvd about, l)ut extending
lUeir tci an iniineme depth. There was aUti a
*tTiir'mg of wati 1^ within the will, at the utiuoit
luniti of the (fl'ty.
2. A> (hi* cily waa nutiirnlly hard to be tiiken,
■chad Jimeiitiu*, byJiuihlinK a wall about it,
made it itill stronger, a« uUo by ditches ami
■ninv* under ground. "I'he'peuple that were in it
were iimde fliore bold by the nature of the pluce,
than the people of .lotiipala hud beea, but had
much fiwer tightin); men in it; Hnd they had
iucb n cunfidence in the situation of the place,
that tiny thought the enemy could u6t be too
•niaiiy'Tiir tlieiu: fur the city had beennilled with
thoso th»t hi<0 ded to it for safety, on account of
Its Biri'ii|i;th; on which account they had been
•ble to reaist tliu»e whom Agrip|>a sent to be-
•iege it I'ur seveuniontlia together.
3. but Vespasian removed from Kmmaus, where
he had liiHt pitched Ins canij) before thci city Ti-
berius, (uoiv Kmnmus, if it be interpreted, may
be rendered a warm bath, for therein is « spring
of wuriii water, useful tqr healin§^,) and came to
G&niida; yet' was its situation such, that be was
not ablr til enconipiiss it nil around with soldiers
to watcli it; but wiiere the ^>lace8 were practica-
ble, he sent hien tb watch it, and seized upon th^t
iqountuin which wiis over it. And asthc te|;iqns,
■ccordiii>r to their usuul custom, were fortifying
(beircaiiip iiiion that mountain, he began to Cast
np baulks ut tile bottom, at .the part towards the
• east/whei'e the highest tOwer«f the whole city
Wa^aud where the 6lteenth lesion pitched their
Cfoip; while the fifth legion did duly over against
the niiiUt of tlic city, iiiid whilst the tenth l^^ioh
filled up the ditches and the valleys. Now at this
. titne it yvus that as kln^ Agrippa was conic nigh
the walls, and was en(U:avorinig to speak to those
that were on the walls about a Mirrendcr, he was
bit with a sfpne on his right, elbow by one of the
•lingers; he was then imniiediatcly surrounded
with his own men. But th'c'RAnians were excited
to-let about tlie siege, by their indignation on the
king's account, and l>y their fear on their own
account, us concluding that those nir^^woiild
omit no kinds of barbarity agiiiinst foreigners and
eneiuies, who were- s^ enraged -against One of
the^own Bation, and one that advised thci|i to
DOttiiiis but wlitft was fur llieir own advantage.
'4, ^luw when the banks were finished, tyhich
was done on the sudden, both by the inultitodc
of hands, knd by their being accustomed to such
' i^orki they brought the luarhines; but Chares
^ aq^ ^useph, who were the most potent nicti in
the ctity. set their^amied men ih order, -though
iairei^dy HI ^.Tright, because thej' did not suppose
^^thiaVtiie city could hold out long, since the/had
not atiullicient quantity cither of watery or of
other-neC«>>«iirics. Hovirever these their leaders
encouraged Iheni, and brought the'ni Out upon
the wall, and fOr u-«Jiile indeed they drove away
those that were brineittg the luachhieB; but
vhen tliose machines threw:^4iarts and stjoiics^ at
them, they retired info ithe my:^ then :did Hit
Koinaps bring battering-ranis to three several
places, and made (he w-alls^ shake [tiiul fall.]
They then pour8d1n over the parts of the^-\vall
that were thrown down, tvfth a niigl^y sounds-
trumpets and noise pf>ariiior, aiid U'Ttli a shout ^^
. of the soldiei-s, and,brakc in by force-iipon , tboac
that.ware in'th<! i^ity; l>ul these hien felt upon
the Romans for some time, at'thtdr first entrance,
and prevented tlieir go^g any further, and with
graat fnnra;i'e. beat tluju bock; aiKJ the Romans
and fell upon their enemies who h\d (ttackatl
them awLthrdtt thrni^ down to the lower parts,
and as lliey were distressed by the narrownest
a'lid dilficulty of the place, slew them; and at
these Romans could neither lieat those back that
were above them, nor escdpe the force of their
own men that were forcing their way forward, ■
they were compelled to fly into their enemies'
houses, which were low; but these houses, beiDg
thus full of soldiers, whose weight they could
not bear,' fell down suddenly; and when one
house fell, it shook down a great many of thuia
that were under it, as did those' do to such us
\vere under them. Ky this nieiins a Vast uuniber
of the Romans perished, for they were to terri-
bly distressed, t)iat although they saW the houses
siibiidiiig, they were compelled to leap upon ttie
tops of Uieni ; hO that a-great many Were ground
to powder by thiese ruins, and a great many of
those that gut from under tbein lost tome of
jtheir limbs, but sti^a greater number were suf-
focated by the dust that rose from those ruins.
The people of (ianinia supposed tliis to be an as-
sistance aflbrdetl them by (jod, and without re-
garding what damngo they snflered themselves,
tliey pressej) forward, and thrust the enemy upon
the top< of their houses, and when they stumbled
in the sharp and narrovv streets,' and were per-
petually tumbling down,'the.y threw their stones-
or darts at them, anil slew them. Now the very
ruins afforded thent stones enough, and lor iron
weapons the dead men of the enemies' side af-
forded them what they wanted; for, drawing tlie
swords of thoy that were dead, they made use
of them to despatch such as were only half dead;
nay^^ere Were a gre.>t number who, upon, their
fallW^own from the tops of the houses, stub,-
bed themselves, ahd died J<l'ter tha( manner; nojr
indeed was it easy for those that were beaten
bock to fly away, for they were so unacfjuaiiitefl
with the ways, and the dust was so thick, that
they wandered about without knowing one mi-
other, and fell down dead among the croiyd. _^
5. Those, thf^yefore, that Were able to find the
ways out of thc^ city retired. But now Vespn.;
sinn always 9taid\amo'ng those that were hard si^l,
for he was deeply! affectcd.with seeing the' ruins
of the city fallinjjupon hia army, and forgot to
take care dthit ovn preservation. He went up
gradually towards the highest parts of the city
before he was aware, and wua Ictt in the midst of
dangers, having only a very few with him; for
eveii his'son Titus was not with him at that time,
having been sent into Syria to Mucianus- Hoi^
ever, he thought it not safe to fly, nor did ^he es'^
teem it a fit thing-for him to ,do) but calling -to'
were so ovefpowerpd by'tlie greater multttude of'
the people, who lieat them on every side, that
they were obliged to run into- the'lip'pcr parts of
the city. Whereupon the people turned about,
mind the acti(^ns he had done from his youth, and
recullecting his courage, as if he ha(f been ex-
cited by B divine fury, li|0 covered himself, and
those .that were with'him with their shields, and
ibnne'd a testudo over both tjicir backs and theii
arinor, and bore up against the enemy's attack,
v»ho came running down from the top of the city ;
andwiliiout thowing any dread at the muttitide
of the ^en or of their darts, he endured all until
the e/einy took notice of that divine courage
that was within hin^ and i^mittecT of their at-
tacks; lind when thev pressell less - lealdusly
upon him; he retired, tliougly\vitlioutsho*ing his
back to them till he was gtttteu out of the walls
[of the city. Now a great nunitcr ot^ <^e Ro-
mans fell in this battle, anAo'^g whom Aas Kbuti-
iJ»,4hc decorion, a'imih >vlio>appear^dnotonly in
this^^Mgagenicnt. whe«ein he fell, but every
where, and Jn former engagements, to be one of
the truest courage, and one that Had done very
great mischief t&^^tbi Jews. Hut there was n
centurion whose nai»>c was Gallus, who during
,/•
this disorder being encompassed about, he^and
ten other soldiers privately Crept into the house
of A certain person, where he hfeajjl them talk- ,
ing at' tiipper what the, people intfemied *» <•<>
agalnil Ih
li«tb the
Syrian<.>
cut all the
hIa aoldlei
, 6. And
which wa
ill auccess
fallen into
cause they
left their «
what r.^iiu
thing, thai
plain of it
manfully \
by censidi
how it can
out bloods
about us t
mutable';
Ihousaiidt
rtmall shar
the part t
ttp'with go
to be too
for the cht
den on be
who is> of
he may coi
recover wl
what had i
their own
^ewa, but
cation of I
' ment. U
might btai
ble; for w
highest fai
yourtelves
^ the top of
bat upon I
of the citj
that had r<
tie: whert
you took
. incautiousi
it not a Re
we atterob
' dare it th<
Jewt chiefl
therefore t
father anz
Incky misTl
own cpnto
meant he '
ttroyed, ai
For myte
« don<9, to g
id eirery ei
tirei from':
t. So V<
tpeech; bt
cd that th«
inch great
had had.
' lelvei that
V. of accomm
'''ithey could
lioAt be^
ceedjngly'
them.; yet
for .their p
• Thete-iii
the te|t Df i
wliidin« am
atidofttfui
I IS fkirloi
lnii*iper|«i
Mfhentlc ti
■age US, w
ioihatopdf
tephannm
BOOK IV.— CHAP. I.
Ml
/
•l^ainit the Romont, Or aliQUt themarlvcii, (for
ItKlh lh« iiinn hinucir (ind lliuiir witli him w«r«
SyriatK.y So M got uii.iit tli« \iiKlit liiiio. mlil
cut all Incir ihroKti, miu «ricaptitl, legrlher' with
hli •iildlen, to the lioiiiniit. '*
, 6. And now Vri|^Riiiiii roiiirurted hii an^iy,
which wa> iiiiich dei«c(i;d by n^llecling on thvir
ill •iii'cria, and btcniiar tlity liuir ntver IX'lnrv
fallen into luch a cnluinily, tinil lictitlca thia, lic-
caunv thfy were ^rvatly uilinmed thnt tiley had
left their f(enprul alone in great i]«nK«rii-' Ai to
what Oin(.'ern«d hiniielf, he avoidcil to aay any
thing, that he might liv no nielini •ecm to com-
plain of it; but he tnid, that "wc oufrht to bear
manfulljr what (iiually fnlli out in wiir,''niid thin,
by cenaidcring what the nature of wiir i%, and
how it can never be that we mutt tom^uir with-
out bloodshed on our ovin aide; for tiiore ulnnda
■bout us thart fortune which ia of ilj own nature
mutable'; that while they hud killed ao ninny ten
Ibouaandi of the Jcwa, they |iad now paid (heif
•mall ahare of the reckcmiiiij ao Inle: and af it ia
the part of weak people to he too much pnllWI
up^'with good auccf!Ka, ao it in the part of cownnlt
lobe too much art'ri;;hted at that wliich ia ill;
for the change from tlie oniflo the other ia sud-
den on both aides; and he is the beat W»rrl()r
who is> of u sober mind under miafortuiica, timt
he may continue in that temper, and cheerfully
recover what had been luat formerly; anil aa iiir
what had tiow hiippencd, it waa neither owing to
their own ellenrinacv, nor to the Valor of the
9!^ewa, but the diOiculiy of the place waa the oc-
casion of (heir advantage and of our diaa^ipuint-
ment. Upon reflecting on which matter One
might blame your zeaFas perfectly ungoverna-
ble; for when the «ueuiy had retired to their
highest fastneaaea, you ought to have real raVncd
^yourselvca, nndnot^ by <«re8enting yourselvea at
'the top of the city, to be exposed lo dangers;
bat upon your having obtained the lower parts'
of the city, you ought to tiave provoked those
that had retired thitlier to a safe and settled bat-
tle: whereas, in rushing so hastily upon victory,
you took no care of your own safety. But tliis
. incantiouaness in war, and this madness of zeal,
ii not a Roman maTini, while we perform all that
we attempt by skill and good ordier; that proce-
' dare ii the part of barbarians, and is what the
Jews chiefly sapport themselves by. We ought
therefore to return to our own virtue, and to be>
nther angry than any longcrdejected atHhis un-
Incky misTortune, and let every one seek for his
own coniolatiaii frdiu his own hand ; for by this
meant he will avenge those that have been de-
ttroyed, and punish those that have killed them.
For myself, I^ wilt endeavor, as I have now
« done, to go first before you against your enemies
id every en|hg^nient, and tp^e the last that re-
tires from' it." .
f. So Vespasian encouraged his army by this
•peech ; but fur the people of Gamala, it happen-
ed that they tobk^pourage for a little while, upon
nch great and unaccountable ^success as tliey
had had. But when . they considered with ^hem-
' leWe* that the)r had now no hopes of any tennis
V of accommodation, and reflecting upon itjhat
^jthey could not- get away, and tW their provi-
(iofis be^n already to i«c short, they were ex-
. ceedingly cast down, add their courage failed
them.; yet did tbef not neglect what might be
for .their preMrrat^on, so for ai they werip able,
• THeMnomberi tn Joiephua af SOfUrlonca dseertt lo
the te^ of Mount Talior,,-wliether we estimate «.<hy
wlndinf and gradual, or by the perpendicularalthude,
andofWfurlODirscirciimfqrence upon the top, aaiilso
"tin IS fUrlonnfbrtlili ascent inPolyhius, with Genii-
lina*a per|«ndla(lar altitude of almoit 14 fuirIon<», here
' 1 by Dr. Hndann, da nnne of tliein »%tte wtlji the
but the moat cnnrageniia ajhong them guarded
Ihoae pnrlaof ihe wiill tlint wtn 'licndii down,
whil<fthi'ii«(^inliriiidid the amiir to the real of
the Willi Ihiit Aill r< iiiHiiied riiniiil lh«i riiy. And
as the Koiiian^ ntiaiil thiir liii.lik«, and iil'tniiptud
lo git iiilii the ciiv II Krnii.l jijiii^ii ifrnit ifjiiny
of lluiii fliil out of the Illy ,i(H[»i"4li iiiifini(1ica.
ol Uuni 11) il out of the ■■ilv,i|B[»i"4lt iiiifini(1if
ble viilltyn, where no (■"'"■'tBw'ri' iiliiied.
also throiigh_aubLi'rrnniMiiii>('ai'7riiii;.w^iilr ihota
id of ' ■
peri«md
that were -afraid of biing ciiiighlu
reaaon 8tHye<l in the cil^ , peri"!!!'
And tor thai
fur want of
food, for What food ihiy hud was bi'oiif;;!.! toge-
' ther from all quortira, and reaervrd lor the light,
lug men, \ , ._
«. And 'these were Iho hard rirrutnilnncra
that 111* people of (iuniahi were in. I^u( now
Viapuitinn wiiUt uliuut iiiiollier work hy the by,
during thia aieKe, ami thiil wna to auliili/r lliiise
that had atizcif upon niniint 'I'libi'ir, a phire Ihat
Ilea ill the middle between the great phiin antf
Scylhojiolia, witoae lop -i.4 eleviiled a»^ii|;h at
thirty tnrlonga,* and in hiirilly 10 hi; a^ivultd on
,it» north aide; iU top ian pliiiii of twinlyaix fu».'
longa, and all eHi'oni|>u'»<'d lyith a wall. Auw,
Joaephua erected tliia ao lung n wall in forty
daya' lime, and fui'iii>iht'd it wilholliir iiinli rytls,
and with water from briow, for (he iuliiiliitiiiUt
only made use of niin wiiter; R|, lliiivfiiri, there
waa a great multitude of |ieople gcittin loKithcr
upon (hia ^nountain, Veapiiaian hi nt I'laiidiis
with nix hiiudred hur<ieM>en thither. Now. na it
waa iinjiosaibic for hi in to liacehd the niountain."
he invited )|iuny of them to peace, by Ihcofler
of hia right hand for their securfly, and of iiit
intcrceaaion for tlieiii. Accordingly they came
down, but with a treacherous (trmgii, as 'well at
he hiid the like treiiohirou'* deaigii upon them
on the otiicr side; for I'lucidua apbkc mildly to
them, aa aiming to take (hem when he eot then
g-itl
Mfhentlc leatimonyor Mr. Maundrcl, an eyewhn{!as,
■age U9, who isys he waa i)0t an hour in Kettilti up
to the lop df Ihia Mount Tabor, and thuttlic area of (he
tophi an voTal of about 1^0 furlonfa in lenglh ami one in
anvai
1. 1 Bo
lNadUi.| So I lalheriuppoee Joiepbu* 'wrote 3 fiit
^.
iu(o the plain") -^ty alio came doivUf-ifli. comply-
ing with his propuanla, but it was in order to fall
upon faiin when he wiia not nwnre of it: how
eveK Placidus's atrudigem was too iianU for '
theirs; for when the Jews betan (o fight, he'
pretended to riin away, and n i»n they \v< re in
pursuit of the Itomana, he entiild them a great
Way along the plain, iind then made his horse-
men turn back; whereupon he beat tjiein, and
slew a grfat number otlhein, niid cut ulV the
retre'at#f the rest of the liiiiltitude', and hindered
their rctui'n. 'So they left Tnbor,and flf d 19 Je»
ruaalem, while the people of the couiii>y.canie
to terms with hiii^ for (heir water failed Ihem,
and so they delivered up the mountaiu and them*
selves to riaoidus. . .
9._ But of the peopleof Gai|ia]aVtho;c4hnt wer«
of the bolder 4ort fled away and hid themselve ''
while the more infirm pirishcd by famine;
the men of war sustainl^d the siege till the
and twentieth day of the month Tly^jerber<.l«ut,
[Tipri,! when th|-ee soldiers' of the tillicnlli legion,
about ine morning watcli, got undei-a higl/towcr ,
that was near them, and viiderniiiit'd ifj/lvithout •
making any noise; nor when they titlieroftiue to it,
which Was in^lhe night lime, no* whenT (hey were ».
under jt, did those that gunrded'it iiWccivc thora.
These sohliert then, upoH tticir poufin^, avoided
making a noise, and iVRen thoyh/d rolled uwny
five _ of the sti^ngeat slone-i, V^ry we)it away
hastily: whefeupmi the (owi-f fill d^wn on a
sudden with a vcry%feat m>ike, and its gpard ftll.
h):adlong with it ; ■Al'tfaat tbose that kept guard
■onus for tile ascent. or altilndc, ins(eadaf 30; and
furlongs for (he rircuinfcrtnii-o 1it the top. Instead of
SW; since a mountain of oiily :i fiirlonits perpendir.ular
■Ilituilc may cf sily require near aa liour'a asccul, and
the circumference of an ovnl of (he forecolnii quandly
i* near sii furlongK NOc cer(airiiy rould such a vast
♦rr
l ilrcnmf e r e nc e u t 80 furloni; * , or H 14 Bi l le t , at tbat
height, beAnronipnsscd'with a Wall, Including a (reneh
and other fortifications, perhaps thoie ttill^remalninf,
itiJ. ip th^ small interval of 41) dayt, at Joaephut here
taya they were by bijnielf.
\r
j^jjj^ , . ^ WARS OF THE JEWS.
•I other plaCM wer« under inch diilurbtncc, that
tbev run away; lti« Kuiiiani alio »U'W iiiaHv of
the; ntn awajr
tlioK' llmtvi'uturtd to umiOiCth»ni,RBioiiKwliuin
V in Tuarub, who wm' •lam Ijy ft ilurt, a» h« wait
'n. rilog away over that part ol tli«! wall lliat »;«•
brokrii Jotvn; but a» thona Ihiit wi-re in iIm! fitj
wiTO |{rtatl> all'rtKbt«>l at ih* iioiic, tlij;) r»H
bith<>r iind lliitliir, and a gfniiil i'()n»ttirnalioii fi II
upon tftfni, an tlntuicb all tliu enmny bad fallen in
•{ once. upon thtilT Then it wa» that Cbar«»,
who vrka ill, and und«r thci iihynlciau't banda,
gave up the ((huiit, the f«ar be waa in gr< atly
, contriliutinK to niukv hit di»lbni|M;r fulal to hiini
But thfc Kuninrtii ao Wfll rniiciiibered their for-
mer ill iWCCMKi that th«iy did not enter the city
(ill tlie three ahdriwentictb day of the furenieii-
tiooed month.
. 10. At which time Titua, ^vho waa now return-
ed, out of tlie ludiffnfitiou he had at the denlruc-
tiun tliv llonittn#liud undergone while he w;u»'
•baent, took two hundred choaen boraemcn, and
aome footmen with theni, and entered without
noiae into the city, JNiow, na the watchperceived
(bat lie was I'omiiig, they nmJe u ituiae, ami be-
took Iheniaelvia to tli«ir ul'iiia; and u» that his
entriinie wa> preaently kno<\n to tliote that were
In the tfity, Miiiie of'them caught hold ol their
children antf their wivca, and drew them alter'
them, and (UilaWay lo (be ciludtl, with liuiienla-
(ioiia and cries, wliile olhera of. them weiit to
ine«ta"itui, and were killed jierneluully ; but so
many of them a» weiie hindered from running U|>
to tjie citadel, not knowing what in the world to
do, fell among llin Koniuu guards, while the
Sroana of iho.u' that were kiUed, weie pro-
igioubly great every where, and the bloocl ran
doit II all the lower' parts of the eily Iroiii the
upper. But then ^'eapiiaiau himself ciinie "lo hr
otherwiae they aviated not to much hi the infanlt;
of whom many were lliing down by tliem from
lb* citadel. And thui ^aa (iamulii taken on the
three and twenlielh day of the month Ityprr-
hiretein, [TiM-i, I whereat the citv had fit»t re
voltfd on l^ie four and twcntiuh day of tha
montlf Uorpieui, [Klul.]
CHAP; II.
The SHrrinder of Oiichala; whtn John ftiti
from it to Jiruialtm.
J fi Now no place of'ijslilec remained to be
taken but the aiiiAll x-ity of (ii»cb«la,<vhose mul-
titude w t were deairoua.of |icnce; for Ihey were
geneciilly hu»lMiinimen, and alwavt applied Iheni-
aelvta to cultivalu the fcuita of tfioeaith. How-
ever, there were a gre;it number that belonged.
to a band of rubbers, that were already corruCt-
ed, and bad eijpt in among them, and tome of
?lie gowrniiiK pai't'of the citiltiw were »ick ol
the same disUmper. It waa John, the son of »
certain inan wliiuoiiamo WB» Levi, "that drew
them into this rebellion, and eni:»juraned tlieiii iii
it. lie Waa a eiiiining knave, and id' a teiii|wr
that coiild put on varidna shape*; vyiy rai.li iii
expecting gr<*t things, and very anguciuii'. in
briiisinH abca^ hat he hoped for. It w»« known
(it every body llml he was f.)iid of war, in oii.er
to lliniSt hihitelf into uutlmrily ; and the sedilioua
purt of the people of li|.>clialii were under hia
inanaKeitient, bv whosu mean* the pop(ila<e,
who seemed rea'dy to send ambassador* in oidei
to surr«nder, walled lot the coining of thei l!o-
inan> in bullle ariity. VeSpaaiaii sent' «g»in*t
thetu Tilua, with alliouaand liocHtmen, but with-
drew the tenlli U'Kion.to. Scythopolis, while he
returned to Cieaarta with the two other legions,
h iheinsilv
•isiatance against those that bud lied to the that be might iiUoiiv them to reliesh Iheinselvea
citadel and brou-ht hit whole army with biinf* after their long and hard campaign, Ih4nl,*ig
^ •• ° . r.i.....;. -very way withal that the pUnly which was in tli<ise ciWcS
gahr tbit upper part of the city was ev
rocky, and dilli'ult of atceut, and elevated to a
vast altitude, and very full of people on all sides,
and encompassed with precipices, wheretiy the
Je\ira cut off thote that tame up to them, and diil
muchi^niisCbief to the otberi by their darts, and
, the large stone* which they rolled down upon
theiu, while they Svere t|iBniaelve» so high <hat
the eneiniea' darts coulil burdlyreach them, How-
ever, there arose such a divine atorni ngainat
(hero ai was inslrumeiital to their destriyction;
this carried the Itouian darti upon them, and
made those which they threw return back, and
'drove them obliquelj' away from tbeni: bor could
the Jews iiidicd stand upon the precipices, by
r«Bion of thv violence of the wind, having nothing
that wa» atttble to stand upon, nor could tbcy see
those that were ascending up to tliem; so the
Rowans got up and ^surrouudcd diew, and some
they slew before tbcy couM defend theniselvea,
and,, others «i they- xvere delivering up them-
selves; and the ren'i^nibrauce of those that were
ilaid at their former entrance into tlie city in-
creased their rage ^gainst them now: a great
DUDiDe/ also of those that Vere turrounded on
every side, and <lc8paired of escaping^ threw
their children and ^thetr ^wivcs, mid tliemaelves
alap, flown the precipicea, nilo the valley bcneSth,
which, near the citadel, bad been dug hollow to
■ vast depth, but so it happened that the nnger
irf the Romans appeared not to be so extrii-,
Tagant, as was the mridness of those that were
•^ now taken, while the Uoinans slew but four thou-
saod, whereas t£e number of those that had
. thrown* themselves down was found to be five
thousand; nor did any one escape except two
women, who were the daughtcrsirt I'hilip, and
Fbilil) himself was the, sou of a cektuin eminent
nan galled Jaciiaus, who had
""PfirerrtTrf"
king Ak'^PP*'* "'"'X i ""^ these 4id therefore es
Mpe, because they lay concealed f^tuu the rage
•f th«s Romans, when the city was ndtea;' for
would iiuprovii' their bodies and their, »|.i|M .
agaliist the dillicultiea they were to go throunh
afterward ; for bi; saw there would be occa-ion
for great pauis about Jerusalem, which was not
yet taken, because it nyis the royal city, and the
principal city of the' ivliole nation, aud beciiyse
those that had run away from the war in other
places got all together thith.r. It was bNuiiuIu-
rally strong, and the walla that were built round it
made biiii not a little coiKerned tibout it. More-
over, he esteetned the men that were in it to be
ao courageous and bold, that even Without the
consideration of the Walls it Would be hard to
subdue them:, for wJiicli reason he took .rnreof,
and cxercisel' bis soldiers beforehand for the
work, 08 tbi y do wrestlei's before tbcy begin
their undertaking. . • v,' j. ,
2. jNow Titus.as he rode up to Giscbah.fonnil
if would be easv for bliii to take the city ijpQiitlifc
first gnsi t; but'knew withal, that if 1m took ii.by
force,, the multitude would be destroycH by the
soldiers without mercy. ■(Now be was already
satiated with the shedding of blood, and pined
the major part, wliif nourd then perish wiiliout
distinctlou, toijether with the guilty. )— So buwiis .
rather desii:ous the city niight be surtender«d up
to hiiu on terms. Accordingly, when he saw; the
wall full of those luen that were of the corruuted
party, he said to tlwra, that " he could not but
wonder vvhat it wo* they depended pn, when
they alone staid to fight the Romans", after every
other city Was taken l%.theni, especially' whtn
they have seen citie* much better fortilicd than
theirs is, overthro!vn by a single attack upon
thftm; while as uiuliv rs have entrujtcd Ibciu-
selves to the security of the Romans' right bauds
which be now otTers to them, without regarding'
their former insolence, d o e iij^y the i r po ss s s.
sioDS in safety; for that while Hieyjiad hopes of
recovering their libertv, they might be piirdoued (
but that their continuance still iq their opposition
whan they sa«
cuiable; for t
•uoh humane i
they should h
' ihonld spare i
eenaibia ihal I
baltercil by tl
OQ, which, thej
only (ialileana
•laves and cap
3. NoAr n>^r
make a renly,
• IhB wair, iur ii
, who were also
to prevent an;
order to prop
receiving any
, But John retui
'himself he wai
•alt, ami that I
those that refu
ought to have
to grant theiii
was the aeveiil
was unlawful ii
evyi to'.'ii'eut (1
Romans were i
seventh day wi
from all labors
thcni to Iransg
he equally guil
to traiitK|-ess il
•o disadvantaK
think of pny tli
iRy nwayT whi
hia camp roiimj
think ii a g^rea
be obliged to ti
try ; and that i
^^ho deaigoed t
expectation of
lawa of those t
this man put a
of regard to th
•ervBiion; for
quite deserted,
had Kis bopcso
therein. Now
therefore, prca
bring^n (be de
ii!as Ills work t
thii^pretcncje fo
camp faitherol
desia w^ asin
Tyriaris, whici
■gainst the Jev
.inhabitants, am
-; it il proper plac
• '^Jewifh nation.
' 4. ^ow in th
tberi was no ]
•ei^d the.oppo
him not onlv th
but ja considera
tie tn do, togeti
Jemsalein. Ai
making haste
with fears of be
jret did he prev
city along with
children, as far
left them, iis he
where tbfse th
mentations; fo|
was come from
thought tbcmac
•1*0 alTrighted i
thole who woul
jnit^t hand, at
the mere noisi
thcirbasty High
Miere just upon
f
BOOK l^CIIAP. III.
«h«n (hey MW thai tn ho itnponihie, «**• iit«i-
cuHhle; for thm, If thrjr will not loiiiijy wSh
•uoh humane ofl'cn, aitd riKhl handi for M>CMriln
th«y ihoiilil hava •'i|Mrit.<iic(, of mrh a wair that
• ihoiilit »(inn^ hoIxhIi, ami •hoilM noon Uo "iniidfii
•cniilila lliHl lh<' hthII would li« but u trii;>.,,tv'll<iii
ballvrcil by Ihi' Koiiiaii miiiihiiiel; in d«prii(lui)[
OQ.Mrhicb. th«y dcnionXralf! th<'nii>vlv<>i^(» Ixi Ihi:
only (ialileani tha^ wtr« no hotter thanarroKuiU
•lave* anil captivei,",
3. No* nona uf (he populace dunt not 'only
mafce a reply, but diirtt not to much a* grt upon
. Ih« wair, for it wai all taken up by the robbrri,
who were alao the Kuard at the gktei, in ortUr
to prevent any sf lhi> rt«t friMn K"'"!? <>'" i"
order to pro|Kne tcrniiof lubmiiiiiun, and from
receiving liny of th« homenien into ^hr city.
, But John rvturned Titun thi* a«liw< r, that " lor
•hinimlf hfi wanfuiiK'nt to hinrkcn to lii» pmpo-
nil, anil that ho would either penuuilr ucJwri'
Ihote that refuted them. Yet he unid, thi3R7lu«
ought to have nuch ri'HnI to the Jiwiuli law, an
to grunt thuii Iciivi' to#i|.l,nitu thiit iliiy whiih
wai the aetenlh day of the week, on which it
wa» unlawful not only to reiuove ihn'fy urni!<, but
•T^ to.ilreiilof pi lice alto; and th*t even the
Rpniaui were not ignorftiit how the period-rtf the
tevcnth dav wiia •tmoiiK them a day oi' nminlion
from all la()or»; and that he who ihoqld compel
them to Iraniiprnn the law about tlmt day, would
be equally guilty wilb tlioHi- that WirecompHHicI
lo tranwrit'* it: arid thut lhi« delay could be of
•o ditairvantaKo to him ; for why should any body
|hlQk of pny thing in the night, iinltiiH it win to
By awayT which he might pitBvtiil by pliicini;-
bii camp round about theui^ and thirtthiy •hoiiin'
think It a great |)uiut gaineil, if thiy miglit not
be obhged to tranngrisi the laws of their coiin-
Ity; and that it would be a right (hmgfor him,
^ho designed to gntut them peacle, jvilhout their
•xpectatioii of a{ich a favo», lo preserve Jhc
laws of those tliey saved inviolable.'' J hiu did
thii man put a trick upon Tilus, not sp liiurh out
of regard to th^^^^!Venth duy, nS to his own prc-
•ervBlion; for he wirii afrKhl lest he should be
quite deserted, if the city should be taken, and
, bad hii hopes of life iu that night, arid in his ttight
tberein. Aow this Was the work of (iod, who,
therefore, preserved this John, that he miglit
bring^n the deMructiou of Jerusafein: ai xilso it
WaaTiiiwork that Titus was prevailci(\ with by
thia prettncjB for a delay, and that he pitithed his
Mtnp farther oil' the city at Cvdessa. 'fhis Cy-
deiiaw^s • strong Meditcrran\;8H village ^f the
Tyriadi, which always hat^ aiid madiA war
■gainst the Jews; it had also'a great nunibar of
.inhabitants, aodwatWll fortified, which iiiade
It a proper place for luch as were eneniiei lo the
Vewifh'Uation. * A
.^•.J'ow in the night time, when John saw th\t
Wer* was no Roniun guard about the city? h
•ei^d the.opportunity directly, ami, taking' with^
htm not onlv the armed men that Were about him,
but ja considerable hmuber of those that had lit-
tle to do, tpgetheC with their families,' he fled to
Jemsalem. And indeed, though (he man was
making haste (o get aiVay, und was tormented
With fears of being a captive, or of losing his life,
yet did he prevail with hiinself to take out of the
city along with him a multitude of women and
children, u far as twenty furlongs; but there he
left them, as he proceeded further on his journey,
where tbfse that were left hchimi made sad la-
Bedtalions; for (he far(her every one of them
was come from his own'' people, jhe nearer they
thought themselves to he to their enemies. They
uso alfrighted Ihemtelvea with this though^ that
taota who would carry them into captivity were
Jvca bai
sot
Juil^t hand, and siill turned themselves back at
the mere noise they made themselves in iMs
thcirhasty flight, as if thote froin >».honi they fled
Acre just upon them. Many alio of them mined
their ways, and tho earnrttnesa of surh ■* ■iiiMii
•<>', «'•«(!'» the rest, |hr«<ir down many of them.
■^Dij indeed (hrra was' a miMiabl/ ileKnn^lpa
niiiile of (he wumrnaad children; while saiuwffC'
them (ook coMlf«^,. 10 ,.„|| ||„.i, liiwUaiidt «nd^
kinsnirn back, aiid (o beseech (hem, with (hi
blderest iHMiintalion'i, to stay for (hem; bm';\
John's >exhortalii>ii, who cried' out lo Ihrni t« '
save theniK'lvi'ii, and By away, prrvailrd. H« "•
•aiil also, (hat if the Konliins should |ciie upoa
(bote whom they lift briiimi lluy would ho re-
vciiged on Iheui fur It. So thii niulliliide that
ran thus awny was ditficrsed abroad, acrordior
at each of Ihcln was ubl«<tl) run, one faster or
slower than another. ,
S._ Now (Ml the next (lay Tilua cariie lo (he «\ll,
(o make (he Bgri'enien(, whi'rcujHin;(hi' ptuuile
opened (heir gales lo him,*and came ou( (uluui,.
with thelf chililri'ii and wivci, and made arcla-
nindons of joy to him, m to one (ha( had been
Ihcir lienefnctor, and had dclivired the city out
of cii«l(>dv; lliiv mUo iuforiueJ him of John**
(lighlv ami bi«(iii5h( lliiii I-. upapv them, arid (o
come in, and bring the n «1 of Ihoii that wore for
innovations lo punishiuiut. liul Titus, not so
much i^ariliiig the supplications of the people,
sent jiart of Ids horsemin lo iiurHue'Johii, but
thev Could not overtake hiiu, (or ho was gotten <
to Jerusalem before; they also slew six thousand
of the wuineii and children who went out with
him; but returned buck niul hroughlwilh them
mIiiiosI three Ibouiand. However, Titu* wai
griatlyjIiiiilcaMd that he ImkI not bcCn al)l<yJo
lu-iilg ihis John„ who hud delmfcd him. to nuuiab-
iiieut; yet ht^hml captives enough, na well aa the
corrupted, jiurt of the city, to satisfy his anger,
when it missed of John. Uo he rjitercd the city
in (he niidst pi' acchinmUons df joy ; and when
he had given orders to the fuldiers to pull down »
a small part (if the wall, as Ijf a cit« taken in
war, he repressi/l tho-e that had disCiirbed the
cily, rather by threateuings than by ckeculiona;
for he tiintight that many woufd accuse innocent .
nvnions, out of their ftuiHlositipii and (|uerr<;ls, if '|5
he should atlAnnt to distinguish those that were
worthy of puni«hmen( from (he res(; and'lhait it
was better to let a guilty person alone iiiiiia feaw,
than to ilcstruy with him any one that did not
deserve it, for that pruoably such a one might be
taught prudence, by the fear of the punishment
he hail, deserved, and have a ahame upon him for
hia former nlTences, when he hud been forgiven;
but that the punishment of tuch -M have been ,
once put to death could never be retrieved.
Howrver, he niaced a garrison in the city for'ita
security, by ivliich iiieans he aliould restrain those
that were for innovations, aud should leave those
that were peaceably disposed in greater tecurity.
And thus wAa all Ualilee taken.liut thi» pu%till^ '
after it had coat the Romans miich paiiia before
it could be taken by them. •
cH^p. m. '
Jonetming John of GitchUoL C6HetmiHgth$
Zeahli, and lite High Print Annnidi: at alto
\hou> the Jtwi rai$ed Stdiliont one again$l ait^
\other {in JerutaUmJ] " :
1. fiiow upOB John's entry into Jerusalem
th^whole body 01 the |>eople' were in aii uproar,
aniihtcn thouand of them crowded about eyeiy
oaey>f the fugitives that were come to them, eild
inquired of theni what miseries had happen^
abroad, when^hcir bi^a(h wits so short, and hot,-
and (iuick, that of itself it declared the imat dii>
tress they were in; yet did they talk big under -
their nisfprtuues, and pretended to if y , that they
had n pt fled away from the Romans, but came
r
thithce in order U, figh( (hem with less haiard;
for that it would 'l>e aiilunreasonable and a fruit-
leu Ibipg for them to expose themiclTea to'de*.
perate jhaardi about Gischale, and lucb weak
if
t6i
WARS OF TIIK JBW8.
cKUi, wber»M thtf oufhl »o Ujr iiii «lii ir *•«'
Slioi«»ml th«ir »r«l, indrMin. it for Oirir iiif-
(roiwlii. Hill wl'in lli»y r«l»Uil l<J Ihnn ih»
Uklnif of <lif<hiiU. mill (hiir cl..:.nl ilf|mrUir«,
H Itiry iirctrii'liil, Irimi (lilt plm-.t. iiiiiii) "I th*
iwoiiln 1111(1. f»lo.Kl il tnlw no Ui turlliuii ii IIikIiI;
mid ««iwriBlly wh«ii lh« |Mii|d« wt re i<M "f tlio»n
tbiil wen- miulti rniilivK, tliiiywi-ri' in (fitiit run-
fusion, «ml Bin-"**"! •lioM ihiiiK* I" lit |'l»['i <"'"•
cillon* ilial lliiy .liouW b« liik«n nl«... Hut lor
Jolin, hf wm very lilUo coiii-criiMl lor ttioto hr
li«d iJifl b*liiml fiiiii, but Willi nlioiil Biiiong iill
the iifoplr, mid |i.,r«iimlc»J tlifiii *'< K" ','' "''•'■• "'^
tlie hornet lit iinvB tlirin. H« allirmed llinl Ihf
nflHira of tli» Roiimn* wi;r<> in « wrlik ronclilicin,
nnd riloUtd lii»own |io»v« r. II.' iiUo i.-l.d ni.oii
«li.! ii{i<or(«nc» ol «h« iin«liilliil, «• if llil""- '*"-
nmn.? nllhtfUKli liny .honl.l tulle Id Hi. ni,. jv.i.
wiiiirt. couiil nivcr iiy <.v. rlh.' wiill of Jrriii.»ltiii,
who found Pii.li KrtJiit .l.m. ulli. . in tiiLintc ihe
vill8g.li of (iidili.'. nnd had t.fwkWl theiv enginrt
of wiir »gnin«t Oi<?ir «»lln. ,
2. Thriru hiir»iiKu.i( of Juhn't rorru)ilrd « prrnt
part 0( the yoiinn in. ». li'rid pnlliil ih.in iiji 'or
the wari but •• to the more prudinl piirl. iini
tllo«c in y««r«, there wiu <iot» iimn of Ihini Imt
forinaw whiit win . oniinj, und niMle laiiuntji-
trou on thiit nci oiiiH, u» il Ih* cily wm iilnaily
oiidonei mid In thin . onfniion w.ro the.p'opl"'-
Hut then il inuxt he oli«r»e<l, thi.t the iniiltiliKle
thot f ttino niil of the country were »l .U»coili l» •
fore the Jeriimilrui nedition begnh; for I ilin
«t<mt froiii (ii«!li«lii to Cieiiireu, «nd V.»lu»»i»n
from Cif«»r.B to Jmnuiu and Aiotu*, ami look
theinlfolhi mid wh.in he had put garruoin into
them, he come back with o great iiuuilnr of the
people, who were come over to him, upon hi»
Jrlving them hi« right hand for their pr.'*ervii-
Son. Tiiere were benideii diforder* and civil
wara in «vcry cjty, anil all those that w. re at
quiet from the Rpiiinn* turned their li»nd« one
•rainit another. There wa» ulto a bittir contest
between ttfoie that were fond of war. and those
•that wer* detirom of peace. At the finU thin
quarrelaome temper caught hold of private fiimi-
llci, who could not agree uniong theiiiiclvciii
•her which thote iieopre that Were the deareiit
to one another Irnike tlirough nil reHrainU with
regard to each otfcer, nnd every one asHocialed
wHh thone of hi» own opinion, nnd b.giin already
to Itand in opponition one to another ; »o that le-
ditionn aro<c every ^wht■re, while those thiit wer.i;
for hinovation*. and were deairout of war, by
their youth nud boldneiw were too Imrd (ur the
•red and the prudent men. And, In tfie firit
place, all the people ofjt'vtry ploe«^)«took thcm-
■elveii to raprac; afur whiih they gut together
in bodiet, in onl»r to l-db the people of the coun-
try, insomuch that for barbarity and iniquity
tiioie of the same nation did noway differ from
the Komans; nay, it see.ned to lie a much liKhter
tbirtg to bfc ruined by the Komans than by lUcm-
• 3. Now the Roman garrisons, which guarded
the cities, partly out of their uneasiness to take
■uch trouble upon them, and partly out of the
hatred they bare to tli.; Jewish uution, did lilll.'
»T nothing towards relieving, the miserable, till
■ the captains of these troops of robbers bei ng Sd-
tiated with rapines oin the country, got all to-
rether from all parts, aud became a band of
wickedness, and all togiether crept ioto Jcrusa-
• Thta name Doreai In Greek wnaTaWtlialh Ha-
Iwew or Byrlac, as Acts Ix. X.. Accordingly, some of
the manuscriplif set it downjicte Talicihn. or Tiilictii.
Mor can th* context in JoSepHui lie niaild outhy sup-
.. i .1 , > ;til« , ih«min iiffnliltlla
lem. which was now betome a rlly without • go.
vern.ir, and, as the un. i. nt cir«loni w««, r.rri»*d
wilhoul di«lin.lion all ih'it liiloiiged IjU"*!' •••-
tlonian.l tlics.1 Ih.y IheH rtcrtvi.l, b«»u«» «l|
men sapiMise.l thiit ilion.' who . .im« so f..»l Int..
the city.Ciiine out of kin.ln.is, iiml for tli.ir m-
tittanca. nllhoiigh lli..e very men. b.«i.le« the
•editions they rui*ed, wrrw ..Iherwise the dir.rl
cause of the city's ilestrnction alsoj for ai thry
were an unpMfttable nii.l a u«el«ss multiliidr,
they spent lho.e provl«inn« Iwforvhsnd whi.h
might otherwise hnve been sulfi. i. lit lor the light,
ing men. Moreover, b. snl. s th.: bringing on the
war, they w.Tc the occasions of sedition and
famin.' therein. . " , ,, . .
4. There were besides the«e, other robbers that
came out of the counlr), and caiiie into the .ity,
and ioining to thein thos.' that were worse tlitin
thcniielves, imiUtecl no kiml of barlinrityi lir
th.ydldnot mennMic th. ir couiuge by their ra-
nines nml plumleriiigsoidv, but ur octcdeU mm
I i. ' ^ I it.-l. »... I.I fliwi^ntffhl 11.11*
■ o al nK th e r«a«llna t o h a ve t ie yn t — . _ .
mkUkintkt lanfuagt of mr eountri dinattt^ Uurc«s
for a doe,] ■ ., .* . ,
4 Hero we may discover the utte'dlagrace and rumor
IhehHihpricsllioodjimoni! the Jews, when ufidcscrv
Inf .tenoble, and vile persons were advanced to that no
M office by the ledttiaui ; wbicb lOtt of hl|b ptieM, u
lis mimleriiig men; und tlil» h.Ain the night tiiiit
or privat.lv, or with re(«..id tiK.rdimiry in. n, but
did il op. lily in Ih. .lai Ijnie, mid began w^itii Ihe
nioit emin.nt per.oiiH iii the city", for the first
niiin Ihey m. .Idled with hIis Antipcis, one of t (»
roviil liliciige, and llm most |k>I. nl nmn in (he-
whole eily, in«oniii'li ilmt Hi" I'"'''"" Ireiisur.s
were comiiilttrd IL hi" Cure; him they look and
ionlin.-d, Ks th.y ilid in tbe nest place to I.evhi*,
a persun of grittt iioh , with Soplius the Son of
U'lKiiel; bolli of whom wete ol lo^ar Imeiige
iiliO. And h.^sides Ihe.e," Ihey did the same to
the piiiirip.d men of the tountrv. '1 his CBined
A terrilile conHernalion aiiioii^ the jieopic, i.n.l
tfvery one .■ jiitentiil hioiM If with luliiig CHr.| of
his own sir. ty, iis they would do if the cily haJ
h.eii taken in' war. ■ , . , . u i
6. IJut these were not satisfied with the bom s
into whtch they hml put the men foreiiii«Hoii. d ;
nor iliit they think il sufe for them to keep them
thus in ciistwiv long, since they were men very
powerful, and' hail numerous fmiiiliei of tlicir
own thivJ were able to avenge them. Nay. th.y
thought the very people would perhaps be so
moved at theso unjust jirocecdings, as to rise in
a body agiiinst thcnii it wn* therefore resolved
to have them sliin., Accor,!iiigly, they sent one
John, who was the moit bloo.ly minded of th<iu
nil. to do that executi(>n: this man was also call-
ed the son of Dorcas,* in the laJiSH'S* "•,•""
country. T.;n more m. li went nlong with liiin
into the prison, With their iwords tirawn, and so
they tut the throats of those that were n custody
there. Tlie gt^nnd lying prelencc these men
made for BO (lagrnnt an enormity was this, that
the»e inenUd had conlVrencet with the Roinaiii
for a surrender of Jcruyalt-m to them ; and so they
said thcv had slain cjiily such as were traitors lo
their c.iniinon liberty. Upon the whole, they
..-III j^Ij g^
-^,. factors
KLat.V.U.a i»i .lib City. ll ' I
6. Now the people w«r«| come to th*t ifegrt*
tit meanness and (ear, and these robb«n._to that
degree of madness, that th.^se last tdok urton
them to appoint high jjriesU.f ^o when they had
(lisannullfed the succession, according to those
families out of which the high priests ij^ed toUe
ninde,tlnl>«rdaincd certain unknown anil igno-
ble persons for that office., tliat they ii>«ht have
their assistance in theii: Wicked undeHakings,
Joscplius well remarlta liere. were thereupon OhllRcd [o
comply with and assist tliose that advanced them in
tlielr impious prarticen. Tile naiiicB of llicso liia'i
priests, or rather ridiculous iiml profane persons, were
Jesus tlic son of Damtjciis, Jcsui''\e son of *»'"""''*'■
their c.iniinon liberty. Upon the wliolc, 11
grew the more insolent upon this bold prank
Sieirs, 8» though, they had been theirpefact
and saviors of the city. V,
MattliiaHlie ion ot TlieopiiiiiisAiid ilml l>'«^W™" j*"
fi8r«mu»,PhBnnlai. the lOn of ifflnucl ; »"*';•?"*«
shall Micel wkh hi Joeephus's ful/o history of thU waif
nor do wo meet wjth any otrfr so much as preten-
ded hiRh priest after Pba^ai, till Jeruialem w»i
Uken tnil deittoyed. '
//
Jll'OpIc, llll'l
iii^ CHrir of
idiHiii * Ko> '
i>, rirri«*(|
li^i»ir ■>■-
ti«i|lkiiw all
mi (ill! in(<.
^iir (Iw'ir !>«•
r tlio ilirti'l
fur «i Ihf J
I iiiultitiiilr,
hmiil wliiih
*P>'lf "<■ ll>*
■tlilloN untl
rnbbrrn ihnt
iilo tliK city,
> wor>ii timn
rlinrity i I'^r
liy tlicir t-a-
:i:i:(ll'il bi< fur '
leftiRhl ti<i>*
tiry iiiiiii, lint
Klin willi III)'
for thr fint
«, lint; iif A'(»
iiiitn ill III*'
ilir triinurii
hty took mill
ice tu I.cvhi*,
m the lull of
oyKl liiii'iiRe
Ihv iiiiuit to
TIlW cniiM'ij
iM'O
'"*■ ■ . I
' the rily hiiu
ith the bonilt
reiiii'niioiiicl ;
to kfep IIkhi
hfo iiifii very
liliei of tlii'ir
1. Niiy, tlii'j
crhapt li« 10
I, ■• to riae in
•fore ri'solvcj
they lent one
ilided of tlif iu
WHS alio call-
igijagS of our ,
un'g nitli liiin
ilrawn, qikI io
■ere in ciiatody
CO tlieie nicn
wai thin, that
til tho Roinnni
III ; Mul 10 they
ero traitors to
e whole, iKcy
bolil prank of
lie^liefacton
to thit tjegre*
robbum to that
ist took uiron
when they nad
ding to thos«
ests i(^ed io be
own «ml igno-
ley luight nave
undtttaltingt.
eiipon OMIkcA 10
viinred them In
B of ihoio high
ne persons, were
son of nnmallel.
I mt pr uJU I ou sl g -
•I; all which we
iiitoryofltiUwaf,-'
much as preten-
I Jeiujalcm wu
•i:liuii«, and i'>tiuv»Kiiiil ill thtiii iHyuitd tiM etB
uiii|d« iifiilhrri. C- ^
10 And niiw, whin thn inulliluiU wrra Rnlles , r'
tiisjithrr li| an iimi iidd), and rvrrynliii <fia i»
indiKiialioH at Ihrui luiii's wiiiiiK u|Kni lh(t saoc- >„
liiury, at Ihiir rii|iiiir a|ii| iiiurilir<, but had Obt .'jji
yttmaiiii tliiir i^llarkt ii|i<>ii ihriu, (ills rrasun 1. |
of whl> li iviM lhi», ihiit Ihiy iiiiukiii'<I <t to ha u
iinni'ull tliHiK to su|i|>ri's< Ihxr stalols, as in*
dri'd thy I'litii Was,) j^i.iniis stood In thv luiittt uf
thrill, ami iiuIiiik I|i« t\f fri'i|u>'hlly at Ih*
ti'iii|dr, anil liaiiilif ii llood of ti ur« iii lil« ryas,
Ut< •aid, "t>rluiiiT) It hiiil liiiii k'"mI '"I' <*" '"
dir lii'fiira I liad tii n ilia hiiusii of tlod full of s<>
many aliiiniiiialiun<, or thisu lairnd iiluivs that
uiiaiit not til lie trodiliii upon nt ralidoiii, fdleil
witli tliu fill uf thitv Idoiid'ihrddliiK villitiMi|
yi t do I, who uni riolhid with thi vistiiirnta of >,
the hipjli |iriii>tliiii><l, iind Mill ridli'il Im that nlust >
iildi' iiiiiuii [iif hijtli |irii<t,] slifl liyi, and
t II.IU luiiit uf liviuj^ nnd iiiiinvt iiaiuni
vi'iii ra
Ulll
uniljiiuo n ilcalli which wouhl lir tlx' ((liiry of I
ohi ii|;«'; and if I with the only pcrsun i'oncr
til, ami ns it wire in ii diaiil, I wuuhl ((ivli
•y
ID-
'P
to
tt-
BObK IV,-CIIAP. HI. a(i&,^--\^
tfft sarh as nblainail this lil|ib«st of all honors takinKS, ami wi r* not ralhuriHlnu* in lh« wor^
.without any diatfrl, wsre forced to ciiiii|ily wilh
those that licitowed it on lliviu. 'rioy aUn sst
the |iriuciiiul men at vaiiaiice our with inotliir,
^y SI vrrar sorts of rontrivaihis.and Iriks, and
gained the o|i)i»rlunity uf iIoiiik whalthijr pltased,
by thu mutual i|unri)dt of llion; who nliiht liuir
oustructsd thiir iiiru<iirrt; till at ttii^ ill, whin
they were sallatrd wilh ll<e uiiji|>t arli ins Ihiy
hail done toward* men, iliiy irausfer id their
Contuiiieliuus behavior to Hod hiniielf, iiul cnine
Into the saiiclUHry with |>illutrd feet. |
7. And now llie iiiiillibiile were Kolrfg to rise
aralnsl thriit iilreiuly \ fur Aniinus, tha ijiicleiitrsl
01 the hi;(h (iiieiits, persimded them tji it. lie
was a vei^ iirudent man, told had iwrlniis saved
the (ity, if lie could have eacuiieir tha hands of
> those iliat |dotled aKninsI liiiii. riiose men iiMide
the ti iiiiile uf'dod ii Hlroli|i; hold for tVpiii, iind n
-place whither tin y nliiht resort, in ord^rtoiivoid
the troubles thev feared fnnii the pe ipiri the
sanctuary was luiw UJcume a refuae, ajiu u shoii
of tyranny. 'I'hey also mi«iii jcsliiiK a|moii|{ tlm
miseries they inlrodilced, whicli was more intcdei
rible than wliiit they iIhI ; for in order to try what
surprise the people would lie under, and luiw f.ir
their own iiower i xti iided, they iindilrlook to
disjiuse of the liin'i jiriinllion I lij- ciialiiii^ rol<i for
it, whereas, ns we liave said alriadv, it was to
descend by succeasion in n faindy. 'I he pretence
they matle for tbia stninK' alienipt niiii an aiicii iii
firiictice, while tliey auij, lliat of old it wli» de-
eriuiiied bvlol; but i|i truth, it was Uo lieUer
than n diss'iiutioii of an uiideiii;ililu law, nnd a
eunniiiK coiitriviHicr to at i/e upon the govern-
ineni, irerivedliuiii tlioaelhut pri huiiikI tuappoiiit
govirnors as they tlM'ni^elvei pleuaed.
fl. Hereupon they s< iil for one of the poiitirH'al
iribes, whieli is culled I'niiii him,* iind cast lots
whicli uf it should be the hi){h priest, lly fortune
the lot su fell ua to deinonatrute ill* ir iiii(|iilty
tfler the plHlnint iiiuiiuer, for ii tel4. ujioii one
whose inline wua I'lliilinina, tin xon of .'^iiiiiih I, of
the vilhiife Aptha. He was ii luaii not only nn-
wdrihy ot the hi^h prie»iliood, but lliiil did uoi
well know what the hiKli )iriealhiiod Was, audi a
mere Tuatic W^H lie: yet did they hide this man
with
they were uctin,
adurne^ him with a coiinlerlilt lace: they
put uppn him the aacrcd ^iirmeiU'i, and npoii eve-
nr occasion inatrUcted hlin what be wiia to du.
This horrid piece uf wickednes-r was aporl ami
' pMtilue with them, but occaaioned the other
priests, who, at a'llialance s:tiv their law iiiailr a
jeft uf, io abed teara, and a^orely liiiiient the dii-
lolutibn of such li tacred dignity. .
9. And now thu people could mi, lon);er bear
the insolence of this itrocedure, lAY did all to-
i;etlier run teuluiialy in urder io overthrow that
tyranny: and indeed they were (idl^un tbir aon
of/Jusephii), und Syineuiif the suiruf (lainuliel,
who encouraged ifiein, by goinic U|> and down
when they were nssriiibUd tu);( ther in crowds,
nil as they saw them alone, tu bear ilo lunger,
but to inllici jiuiiiahiuent upuii th<'se peats and
l-
withuut his own i;onaent,out uf the ruiiiitry, iih if
Hg a play upon the atn^e, and
ilTi a ciMinlerfi'it face: tiiey niao
plagues oflheir freiduni, and to purge the teni-
pte 6( theac bloody ixdluten uf it. The lie^^t es-
teemed also of the bi^^li priesiii, Jeaus. the sun uf
Gitiiiala, and Ananu» 'the sun uf Ananua, when
they were at their liaaembliea, bitterly repruach-
ed the people for their »l<ith, and excited them
■gainiit.the zealots; fui' ^lat was the iiaiiie they
weut by, a* if they we(e Jealous in goud uuder-
•Thia trHie or roUmo of the hi«h jiriesla, or priests
here called Kniakhn. aceiita tu tlic lc:iriieit Mr. liuwlli,
one well vcrscil in Joseiiliua. Iu lie thiit I C'liroii. xxlv.
my life, and that alone for liodS sake; for
wtiiit puriioao is it to live anions a people insrn-
sdde id tneir euluniitiea, and wi.ere there is no
notion reiuaining of any remedy lor the mi<eriejl
that are upHn Iheiii'l for when tou are si itrd
upon, you bejir it, when yon are lieaten yon aro
silent, anil when the |i< opl« are murdered, no-
body dnrea an much as send out a |;i'oan ojieuly.
bull r tyranny that we are under! Kiil^ wfqf'do
1 ciiiiiplaiii ul t1ie t) rriiil* f VVas it not you, ahd
yi^r aulhraiii-e uf theni, that have nouriahed
thii.iF Was it not you that overlooked thoaa
Ihat lirat of all goi tonelhir, for they were then
but a few, and by your adeiice lu ide iheni grow
to be uiiiiiy, and bv ciiuuiving ut 'oein whin tl>e»
took arma^ in efl'ect 'armed iheiii agaiilatrjfoui-
ai Ives f Viiu uiiahi to have then preventcvrtlieii'
lirat atteiu^iia, when tliiy fella rrproiicliing your
rel.'ilionat but by neulecting that cure iu lime,
yuii have rncuuiaged theae if retches to plunder
men. When house* VV);r» pillaged, Muliody said
a word, whii^ll waa the uccaaiun why tluiy carried
oil the ow:iers lif thuse liouaea, and when' they
were drawn through the niidat of the luty, nobo-
dy cuiile tu their aaaistaure. Thvy iht^lViiroceed-
ed io put thuse whom you have betiraVed into
their hand* into bonds; l|du nut say huvXniajly,
nnd uf what characters t^ioae men were whuiii >
Ihey thus served, but certainly they wen! suck ,
as were nccused by nunc, and condeuiiied by/
none; and since nobody succored them nlieii -
they were^ put in bonila, the cuuarquence was,
that you aanv the siniie pursun* slain.. We haw a
seen this also; so that alill,ili« best (if the lieni -
of brute aiiimala,aa it were, have been still led ;
to be aucriliced, when yii nobody said one word, 'l
ur iiiuveil his right bund for their (jreservution. _,
Will yuu ItutOf-thereforr, will you bear to lea
your sanctuary traniphd un'f and will you lair
steps for theae primine wretches, u|ion which
they iliay liiuuiit to higher degreia of insolence'?
Win you nut pluck lliem duwii Yruiu their ex- '
ultatiun f for even by thia (tuie, they hail pro- .
creded iu higher eiiurmitica, if tj^iey )iad beeii
able tu uverllirUw any tliiii»; j^rKlier than tike
•anctuary. They buvi: seited^^iun the struiigest
pliice of the wholu citt; you may i:ull it tboMem*
■'let if f ou please, ih'u'uj;h H be ll|ie a citadel or T'
furtress. Aow, while yuu have tyranny in 10 ■
12, Msciiurae of .liitini, vt'liero some copies liuvu tk»
touTtiritf KIMimi anil I think, this to iic liy no meaim
an Improlinlilerniijertiire.
- tThisHymcnn.lliesonartiainnllel.isnienUonod n*
tlM president of the Jewish sanhedrim, and one that
perished in'nc dcslnirltnn'if Jnriisniem, bylbp Jewish
rahliiiiri. n* i'^lio^d oliaerves on this place. He i^lao-
tells us,tliat thoao ralti'iita aii'iilionOiie Jeaua the son of
Uaniala, asoiire a hiitli piieatliit liiis^ini! M'orctlia
deatriirtiOH of Jeruaalciii ; Fij Ihnt ii' he were Ihusnuis
pefSoii with this Ji'siiS) till' nuil ofOamahi, in fesrphus,
no must have Jived lobe very old, or they have teea
.very ba4cbi6nologer*. ^ -
inoif \
nfii V
BOA
WARH or TIIR JKWH.
|r«*l ■ <i<gr«« wtlM U. Mil m* jroHr •mmiM
o««r X"*" htwii, to what |iur|i<iM i« it In Ink*
euanivll •ml what h««a juu li> •ii|i|iurt yimr
•tlntl* witkall PcrhsiN Jpiiu wait fur lh« Ku-
■umt, Ihal thaj may urolai't nur holy plai'*«i
■ra imr niaM«n then hrouKht to Ibat |mM, aiiil
■r* wi' I iitiit' to ihul ijigrrr of mitary, that our
•nrnur* thaiiitflvrt arv ••(wi'toil to iiity u«'l <l
wtalrhail iraalur**! will not you riM.up, and
turn iiiKin IhoM thai atrlka yoiit wblrh yon ma*
obMrva HI Willi Iwa^ta lh«iiia»Ur», that lliry will
arangN thriiitflvx On Ihom that atrilia ihrin.
Will JOM not lall 111 iiijnil, rvrry onr ofyoii, Iha
catliiuili«« yov yuur»«lvr» havr •uflarailT nur lay
ticrorv yoitr lyv* what alHirlinn* vou yaiunrlnaa
hava iimlrr|(onr7 anil will not aurh IhinK* »harf>-
•n your •oitla to rovcngr ( la Ihrrcrom Inal nioal
hanorahlu anil nioai nutorni ol our iMaaiiiiia ut-
terly lual, I ni*iin ihti ll«air« of Itbffly 1 TruU
wa ara In lova with alanrrx, untt in lu«a with
- thai« thai lord it orrV m, ni if w» hail n*rl»«tJ
(hat nrini'ipir of aniijrction from iinr aniratora)
yi>l iImI thvy iinilrrxo inniiy aiiil Kra'nl wart for
(ha »ali« ol lilnrty ; nor warp they ao far o»rr-
roiiic lir tliv iiowxr of llir KKy|>li«na or Ilia
t^li'ilra, but thai alill thry did what lh«y IhoUKht
)|, nnlwilhtlajiiling (hnir roinnianda>lo the con-
r^ry. And What o<:ri|>liin la Ihvrr now for a war
with tha Koiiiant'f (I nii<dillc not with driarniin-
inK whathiir it linan advanlHKroiia and iiriifilablp
war or not.) What prrlinri' i< (hrr* lor i( f It
it Hul that w« may enjoy our liliirlvf Uttidca,
•Jiall wtt iiot lirar Iha liii'da of th« lialiilnblr isarth
(o ha lordt over ut, and yrl Itviir (yrania of our
own country? AIiIioukU I niii>l >iiy Ihal aubiiiit-
iiiun to for('i|{ner« may Iw boriii-, b>'i:au«r forliiiie
haitli alriudy dooiiiril ua tu il, while lubiiiittion
(0 wicked iM.'0|il« of our own oution it too un-
manly, and broucht u|>on ua by our own canaent.
UsKevcr, ilnce 1 have hail occaaion lu mention
th« Roiiwna, I will not runceul u tliiu|;, that, aa I
■m tiirnkhiK, comet into my niind, and aflcct*
me conaidi rably ; it it Ihia, Unit thounh we ahoulil
be taken by them, (Ood forbid (ho *»en( ihiwild
be 10.) y«l wa can undergo nothing tha( wilt be
hanler (u be born* than wha( (hetu men have al-
ready brou|(h( upon ut. How (hen cun we nvoid
•heddiiiK bl teBra, when we aot llir RoniBii doiiii-
(ioni in our (eniide, while we withal tve (hnae of
our own nadon taking our i|)oil«, and pliinilaring
our gloriaut nie(ro|iolit, and .bunfhteriiiK our
-nen, from tyhich tiiorinitiet llu«<< Romana ihein-
talvet would have ahttainodl To tve tho.ie Ro-
mkna never goinfi; b<;yond (he bouiidi allotted to
profau* poraona, nor vonlurinn (o break irt mion
■ny of our anrreil cuatoiiia, nay, haviiij; a hdtror
on their iiiindt when they vit'W at ii di.laiirif those
ncred walti; while tome (hat^avo been born m
thii verv country, and brmiHHflip iii oUrcn»toni»,
and called Jewa, do walk alii^t in the niiiixt of
(be holv placet, at ihe very tiiim wh«n lh«ir hiinda
kre ptifl warm with the ilaughter of Ihrir own
countrymen. Hcsidei, ciin uny owe b« afraid of a
war abroad, and that with aiich b> will have rom
been ori aitonail b^ y«ur n*gli(*nr«, to will (h«y
baronia tllll graatvr lit bciifH thil longer ne|||M|>
adi lor thalr niultituil^t every day auginrnUil,
by avary |ll nian'a running away to Ihoaa that ark
like to Iheinai'lvrt, and their iiiidai loii^iiot t«
therefore inflamed berauae they meet wilh nit
oliatrui'llon to their datigilt. Amrforlheir highar
fdare, they wdl make ua« of 11 fpr anglnet alau,
f Wa gi*« Ihrin lime to do ut, Iml be aaaurrd ol
(hia, iTiat if wp gel up to Aght them, they will h«
made lamer by their own iiona<i«nret; and wha(
advHiiliiKiit they havi' in the hriKhl /d Ihiir ailua-
lion, Ihuy will loaa by thi' uppuaition of their
upIMI
i««lf, I
uarativiily much greater iimileratlon than out own
Mople have? Kortruly, if weniajr »uit (Mirl(Mrda
to tne thingt they repreacnl, it it proliuhli one
may hereafter find (he Roiiiahi (o be lh«' swppurt-
cn of our lawi, and (hoae wi(hin ouraelvei (ho
iubvertert of (hem. And now I am persuaded
that every one of ypu here comet tatiafied, before
I ipcak, tlia( theie overlhrowert of <>ur liliertiea
detervc (o be destroyed, and iliat nobodv can ai
much at dcviie a pnniihnient that they have not
dctcrved by what Ihey have done, and th»(you
ar« all provoked against (hem by thoiie their
wick t d a ctioni , wlienrn yon h a ve t u lli'red
r«a*«n ; perhaiia alto llml liiiiia*rf, who hath bran
alfronlril by ineni, will niak* what they throw
at ua return agaiiitt theiilttlvet, and lliete inipi.
oua wrrli hea will be killed by their own dnrla-
let u« hut iiiake our appraraiiee before tht'm.aiid
Ihay will rimia to nulhiiiK- llowavur, it it ■
right Ihingi if Ihcr* ahoulil Im anv daiigtr In th«
tUrmfit, l» di« lieforn Ihew b<liy galea, and (u
tiirmi our very livea, if no( for the aake of our
children and wivea, yet for Ood't take, and lor
the Nl'te ol hit tancluary. I will attitl you both
with my counael and with my hand; norahall any
taglu'iiy of oura be wanting for your tunport, mir
ahull you tea thkt 1 will b« tparing of my body
neither."
II. liy thete niotivet Ananut encouraged Ihe
inullitude to go aguinat the leulota, although ha
knew how diHicult it would be to diaperae tnriu.
becauae of their multitude, Hlld their youth, and
Ihe courage of their loiik, but cbially becnilte of
their Gonaeiouaneat of what they had done, ainca
they would not yield, aa iiiut tu liiuch aa hoping
for pardon nl the laat for thinae (hi ir rnoriuillea.
However, Ananut reiulved to uiiiler|;o whitlever
auflrring might come upon him, rather than oV«r<
look thinga, now they were in tiirli irreat conA»-
tion. Sb the multiliide cried out to nini, to la%d
them on againot thoae whom he kad d«trrib««it in
hit eiihiirtiilmi to then, ami evrry one of ifAem
wui mutt rnadily dt«|ioted to run any hMan:
whattoever oM that arrouut,
Vi. Mow wfedx Ananut )*at chootiiig out hui
men, and pulling Ihoae that were proper for hit
purpote in urray for fi(;h''i>g- *'"' <e»lott got in-
iormution of hit undertaking, ^for there wer«
tome who went to Ihem, and told (ham all (hat
the iieople wet* doing,) aaii were irritated at it,
and leaping out of the temple' in crowda, and by
p»rliet, aparcd none whom Ihey met with. Upon
Ihtt Annnuagotlhe populnce togethvron thetud-
tlen, who were more nunieropt indeed than tha
xenlutt, but inferior to thcih in armi, becauta
the) had not been regularly pat into array for
righlmi;, but the alacrity lh.<l evri-y body allowed
tspplieil all their defedi on buch tidet, the citi>
lent taking up to great a pntiion ua wut alrongcr
than limit, and deriving a degree of courage from
th* temple, more forribhi than any mnltituda
whMltoever: anil indeed thete eitiienath'onglit it
ivaa nut pottibte for them to dwell in Ike city,
unlaw they could cut »tf the robin r» that were in
It. The lealott atao thought that unle«t their
prevailed, there would be ilu punt«hif*aDt ao bad,
liwt it would be inllictad on them. Sa their con-
Hie(« were conduc(e4 by their panioni, and at
the firat they only cut lionet at each other iu the
city, and before the temple, and threw their jave-
Ii«i at a didtHlice; but when either sif Ihcm were
too hard tor the other, (hey made uie cf (heir
jiWimla; «nd grea( ilaughter wai made on huth
tidet, iind n great number were wounded. A*
for the dead bodict of the people, their relutian*
carried them out to their own houtet; but when
of Ihe lealota were wounded, he went u
greatly. But perhapt many of you arc ulVright-
ed at the multitude of thote iea|ot», and at their
'•udacloutnctt, aa well aa at Ihe advantage they
have over li* in their being higher in place than
any
^
into the teiiijde, and defiled that tacrcil lloor will
hit blood, inaomuch that one may tay it waa
tlleir blood alone that pollaled our lancfuary.
Now in (beae coDdicM (ho robbera alwayt tallied
nave over u* lu lutjir u«:i»ig iiigHwi •■• i*,™*.- .- -~ ._-^__„ ,- _- , -/• _ iu.u
we arci for (beie circuroitancei, hi (hey have 1 out of the temple, and were too bard for their
rnrmlaa; hul I
and beianir m
prnnrhlil lhi>«
wiiilM bmI alt.'r
bill f>'ri ><l the
niKilr Ihi ir Whi
»rr»itrirt, and
iiote ihim, Ixil
tnio Ihr IrmpI
IVII into It at I
'I'hia horribly •
ili'prived theni
into the inner
gulra. Now A I
iillark agiihial I
ihrrM ill! Ir 'I'i
lie «l«o dieirt"!
Illiide into lliiil
""he |li<relore i
IIuuuuIhI nriiui
ill llie elol.ltr
•iiih Kimrda "
wna lofieil I ■
many of Ihr ■ I
llinai Ihul lliei
ajion Ihrir hi)
Mndinfc Iheni I
l:l. Now it <
away frniii <<!•
Ihete being di
rmft, mill bore
•mil aflir tjini
»i«i'r in lhe«e i
prttnidid to li
nil uliiiiit wllli
(trrut men « vei
when lie went
their aerret" tn
Ihe |>eii|de il| I
known to iheii
Wfll agreid n|
of rniilrtvunie
iuapiriun, he <
fiotaihle with /
people; jet di
him, for he Hm
• he wan but Iht
atlrndanre ev
invited to be p
ed of betrayin
thejr phiinlv p
ihe rr<"l<il'ioni
Ittltationa. JVe
to niiirh rcnii
Ihit John; yet
in potent iviii
lie Wna ulao <<l
men, whir wer
able RfTiiirt; it
to oblige liliii I
will n|>on iiAlh
0alb readily, '
lide. and woi
or practices (
(hem in overt
|nd thut both
Ananuiiniid h
now receive I
further to«|iic
him, that the;
the temple, ti
conimiKlation
avoid the poll
poiaihly coidil
thonld be ahii
14. But noi
. • It It worth
of tlic Jew* nl
•0 very uiienay
of the lenipte li
the prnrHiialion
BtTlour'tdayil
niH)K IV.— CHAP. »v.
007
■nil linnnir MiMti> hihI niirc himmi rmia, niiii r»>
|irit<irh)il lN'>a< llnl kuVi liiiik. nnl tln.'i* I'thliiil
wiiiil'l ii'it nlt'ril rn'Hii In lh<i>» titiil tt> ic Kiihitc'lf.
lull f.riiil iIkmii iin iiK'<lM. *>[l I'l l>ii||lH Iki «
nimlr llii ir »»h.il* Iw"!* i<> iMfii nstmri"! »(n 1» biI-
vrrrtftrt, >hiI Ihr nililirr* ii'»\4 »•< I'.iik< r nn-
■imr ihiiii, IkiI ttirr liir>i<l ^ri' limllv l.i ntirc
lulu lltp lr»i|il>'i whfM Ai"'"ii»* n'l'l lin |iitrl^
IVII iiiiii it Rl till wtiiK liiiir liiiirihrr wild ilttiit.
i'hi« horrllil) iil\fl|(lilril llii rolilirra, lir>:«iiir II
ili.|ifinil IIhiii »t III! (Ir.l ».iiirli •■> ll''> Ht'l
Mil» Ihr Irinir iimrl Iniiiixliuli ly, mil •Iml llii>
tntrt. N«w AiinniKillil niil IhJiiK III In iirilti nii^
iillark ii|i>ihial llii' Itnli Bl>)'''> klthiiiiyli'tlii olliir
ihrcM lliilr •tiiix iiikI !nH' nl lliriii Iruiii iilmtr.
lit' iila» ilii'iitiil II iinhViM lit liilrmliiM Oil mill-
llliiili' mill lliiil riiHii hriiiri' llif) Mr) rr |iiiriliilt|
''lir |li> rVliiri' i'liii<i< iHil III, till III nil li\ Inl pii^
tluuuulltl nrt'iutl uuu. anil (ilucid tlumui |;uiuili
III (III' li'it-ltrii; •II llxri' nun n im ■ ■ oinii nf,,
•in h i;i""il' "H" iifli r. "iinllur, iiiiil in r> luir
wn« liirirril In nllrii'l III iila I'liiirat ; iiIiIiiiiikIi
iiiHiiy nf ihr I llii I of lli« riiy wrrr iliuiilv'") I*;
lliiiir tliiil ll|i'ii (link nil lliriii III)' g:nvi riiiiinil,
ii|mn (lirir liiriiii( •mint i.f Ihc |tiinri r •nM, niiil
WHilin^ lljrni In liri)i tlir Kunnl In idijr •liinl.
1:1. INnw i( tvii< .Inlin wlm, ii< vtr inlil )iiii, run
tWny rrnlll <ii<rlllil<l. tlllll Ull< (III' III I'llainn ol .III
Ihrai' lo'liiK •'■'•IkijkI- llr hik n innii nl'iriiil
tfrUCt, mill IhiN' iiliniil liiiit In liU Mjnl n rUnnu ji.ia-
•iiin nfiir lyninnt, nint in « iII-Ihiii"*- «^ilir ml-
t'hrr In Ihi'ar lu'itniK; ninl iiiiUiilft llii< lliiiii In'
pndniliil to !><> u( llir |ii iii>li''<n|iinlnii, nnil Mini
till uliniit whli Aliiiilna, tVlii n Ik' mnaulUil IId'
((frill iiirn i'vrry ilny. hikI in tlii' nljclil liiHi iii»'>
wlirii lir wnil rnniii'l llii' wnirli; linl Iji' iritii)w*<J
(linir irriTl" In (111' iinlnli, i>ni|r?rp) lliiii(f"™f
llii' iM'iiiflr ill lilnf«lr'l nlinni win liv lliit ii#liil*;
linnWM (u llirlr < m niiia,' i vrii In rmr il liiiil ITiion
well niimil ii|inn li) iIimiim lira. Ami liy tVHv
of rnjilmnni'i' linw In- iiiii*lil mil lit' l.irnii|{lil iiiln
iu>|iti'itini hi' nil|j\iiii'il llii' |!rl■llll'^l fiii iiiMil|i.
|K>aiiilil« wild Aminiia, nnil n llli (lii' rhii la nl' llii>
tirniilr; )rl lli'l lliii iinrilnin;; nl hla liirii iijfulnal
ilin, for III' lliilliriil llniii mi riilriivii|;Hiill,\ , lliiil
' hii wan but Iht' iiinrf •■■•pai'tnl: nnil Ilia rnnatnnt
atlrndnnrr <>vi<ry win ri', rxn wlirii ht *i»* iHit.
invilril lo be prr'ti'Hli niiulii liini •Irnnicly anaiMi-l-
fH of iMimylnjt Ihiir •iTa-la In (h<- i iirinj ; fnr
(hcjr pliiinlv prrri'iviit (Iml llii'V wiiili'r»liind nil
ill* rranintinna liikrii ni!;iili<5( llirin ii( (tii ir run-
luitntinnf. J\(irtv*i|tl<i'rr Hiiy our hIiiiiii llifybail
■o niiirh rcninii lu »u*p<('l nf Ihnt (liiirnvc'ry Ita
thin Jnliii ; vol wnii i( nnl may In ^rl liuil of nini,
in ptili'iit iviii bi> i^rnwn by bi« wiikril pruiliiU'i.
IIi< Wn« hUii i>iip|>nrto<l'by iiimiy nl' llu>iic tinininl
nii-n, Hhir wcrp lohr rnnaiild il iipiin nil I'oniiiili T-
iiblc nffiiiri; il w»« llirwfntr IhoiiKbt r»'ii«i>nnbl».
tu obligu liiiii to give. Ibfiu nainrnin'c nf bia );nn(l-
will .u)M>n oA(hi Hrrcirilin|>ly, Jnliii Inok 4ini'li nn
0a(h riFliilily, that hr nonlil br on ibf pii>pli''>
lidr, anil would nnl bririiy nity of lliiii* rnniiaila
ur pracliccH In Ihiir rilriiilo, x^nd wuiild imtiat
(brin in oviTthroivinif lho»<' tbiil utinrkvil ihcm,
|nd tbut both by bi" buni.l and bl« ndvicl-. So
Anaiiuii niid lib (larty In licxcd liia oalh, and did
now rmivc itiiil (u tbi'ir runaullnlinni willioiit
further «u»p(cion; nay, »ii fur did ibcy iHlirvr
him, that tlify «fnt hi'ni n« tbrtr Hmlmmador into
the Icninle, K ttif l*"*!")*!!, witti lirnponul'i of an.
comniodation ; for lb»y wWf vity ilmiroui to
avoid lh« pniliition ofjpe ttnipbiiainurb as they
poMibly cnnid, ami tt^ no oiiv uf their iiuliuii
thould be (ilnin ihcnim
14. But now thin John, a« if hi.a onth had twcn
ni4#» In Ihi irnbila, »Hil ^if fnnHmiation «f hi*
|(niHl'Will 1 1 ihiMi, unil nnl H«titiiia( lliiin. went
liiln (In lini|i|i. iiHil aliinil in llii iiinU( «f llurm,
iillll ipakr aa Inllnlaa llml " bi bud run inaRjr
liainnla nn lh< ir ni I'iMinl, and In nrili p In It I ihrm
knnw III I «i rt l)irii|t Ibal Miia airrtlly iKiilritail
ii|iitnal<lli<iii l>y Anuinia Nii'l b.a purlt I but that
linlli III nii'l ifiiy •liMiild III' I i><i Hijii (hi tiiiial
iniiiiiiniil lUnKi r, uiiba* •niiif jinividinlnil a(>
ilaliini r Hiri' iirtnrdid Ibuatii Inr ibul Annnu*
iMHilr nil li>n(rr il> ln> , bill bml |irv»iiili il Wilb lh« '
ptnpb- III ••ml nnih laaudnra In V iipii>|aii, |n In '
• il> linn In iiiiiK I'iKinlly urtd l.iii ib» i ilyi
mill Ibiil In bad iippmiili i^l n liial lir llii iMtlibtjr
Hl|UIH*l llniii. thai lli,i\ uhkIiI nblnin lidiinaainn
iiili) lb* Iriiiiilt' nn n nlipri'iiK ini'minl, ni b nn il
li\ I'nri'i', nnil liybl Willi lln in llirri'i OmI In ilnl
ii'ni « f hnw \'iii)c ibi V I niibl I llln i rnilnm a •irKr.
nr biiw iId'V I 'inid Hk^'I nKiiinal 'n niany'rni liili a.
IK' luldtd iiirihi r, "ilmH! »'i» I'j ibi pty>id»ii'i,
III I iml bii wna lijiiiai II 'inl Hn niiili»»adnr li>
ibiin Inr an hi rniiinnidHlinii: l<ir Ibiil Ananu*
did llirri I'nri- nib r lln ni lin b pi'.pnanla, ibiil bn
iiiiKliI rniiic ii|*on. Hum whin llii'V wrrr nnitrin'
III; lb.it ihi'v iiiliibt lo I hiiiiai' oin' nllbtar Iwit
iintbiMla, iillnr In lull nidi' >M|b tbiuir lliat
un.irdid llifni, In ».ivr Ibtiir.liiia, or lu pnnnla
•nnil' fiiri'lKn iiaaialanur for |te"MWitH»: Ibal If
liny linlrrid lln niarUcUaVtlir h^Pa nf P'tr-
ilnii, ill laav liny Wrrti l0Kffi\, tlnv hint forKiil<
I) n w bill di api rule tbiimrn IHiry Iniil iMnnr, iir t'oulil
aiippn»»^,lbiil ii« • " i-i' " ar'l'ira n>^ii'nlrd, ihiia*
ibiil bad »iilli ri'l ' • Win»l In pnaMitly r«»
I'liliiijid In lln> >vli lbn«)< lliiil biivi' iliina
lllolHi'l. Itny lllpi U'llll In N'pi 111 of llnill.
ininrn'i
ni'i' IrupK'Kllv fcali'l
Vy (bn (ilhi ra Inr (hat aort
of n pi ii'liim « , *i»<l ihn'l tbii aiilli n ra. win n ihr*
(fit Ilii' pi/Mffr into Ibfsir hand', uri' u«ii»lly •nil
Aion^ •I'tarr upon lln- Hrlnrai IIihI llu' Irirnda
and kinill^d nl iklian that bud bun di'drnyril
Wunid nlMata tio biyiiiK pinia hKuinal Ibrin; and
lltHi a Krg«* body o'l propli' Hrd; \iry niiKry on
nrrounlnt thi'ir);rula breni hi-a iif lliiir luwa, anil
[llU'^all jinlirHlum, liiaoinin'li. Ibnl nllhnnnlr
•nnn.' imul iiilKht I'onimUa riilf ihrin, ihoie Would
be (|tilr oVcfliorn* by the innjiirlly."
. ^ ^ CHAP. IV. ,
'/'*• liliimnini, iting itnl fur ly Iht V.taUilt,
turni immiJinltlji liiJcrujKi,Un<;iiiiiluhfii(hty
irtii ijcluilrjoiiii/ I tie cit4,llil}llii)l ull A'lgM
' Ihrre. •Irtiii-.tlntiflhc Ili/Th l''iittl.i,tnokf*m'
S/Dieh lu llum;'unj Simon, Hit IJumnin,muku
a Uiply 111 il.
} I. Now by tbia crnfly »|»»i('b Jnhn inndc lh«
ziraluU ali'iiid; lit hi' ilurat not Oimlly naui»
ulint fnrilKrt aa«l«tani'i> br (jlwiuil, but in u covirt
ttny only iii(iniii(fd ul tk^ 1(1 iniia. Hut iiowr
lliii'l l« nMKh( partirulurly irri.tiilr tin' Ifadira Of
llii- xialnti, be rahiinuinled Annini'-, lluit br wat
iiliout u pii'cc (if biii'liarily, «nil ilid in a »(ii5rial
nmnnir thnulin (Iniu. 'I'litar Imdcra wrre
Kbarnr, llii' aon ofjSiiuon, who fri nnd (he molt
pliiuaililc lunn of tlitni all, bnlli in.rnnaiderinr
»»hiH Mf»« fit to b« \itlnv, and in (In: I'Xfi-utiob ol
H'hul III' bud i'l<'ti.'fnrMU'd upon, niid /achnriai,
the Hon of I'bnii k, bulb ot whom ilc'rived thtir
fuiiiilir* frnin the priesta. JVioiv wbf;n lh«»c two
men bnil heard nnl only (he rnniinon threaten-
infra wliifh belonKril to Ihi-ni all, but thoae pecu-
iiiirly livflli'<l BKiiinal tlnnistUea, and, beaidei
how' Ananin tiud hU pnrtj. in order lo lecura
tbiirowiiduihinion, had invited the Komana to
ronie to (linn, fo'r Ihni aWft waa part of Jnhn'a
lie, they beait^fedji grtllt wjiilo wha« they ihould
If
t
■ *II la wortb nnfinii lii'fc. tliat IliU Annnna, (lie beat
Of llic Jewa nl .Una linie..'inil the lilsli |irieiM. who waa
•0 very niieaay lit (lie (irol'iiiiiiiiitiiorihe .Itirmk ruurta
of Ihc lenipte liy Hie eeiiloia, iliil not, liowever. Brfuplc
the nrnfanalion of (lie tovri of llie nrn'ilfn : ii» bi oitr
Btvlour'a dil>i U wai very mucti profUncil by tlic Jcwi,
66 .■...■■■ .
#
and made a mnrketiiliipn, nay, £fn nf tkitria, wllh-
oiKarniiite Miiit.xjii. 12. V.y, Mi^il. l.V- IT. And.
dinaly. .Ini-epliiiii liiliinelf. wlieirlk fjienka of (lie Iwft
Inner foiir'a cuila (liein liolli •? •« at livlii iilnrrt, Iml
ao fur na J reinenilier. he never aivea llial rhararli(
lo the conn of itie Ucnille; . Kee B.*. «li. U. MCl. 2. ,
I,;.,.,.'
''*i-
^.■4'
\
i<
.-r>^.
. ™^SsJ,
■' t"
WARS OF THE JEWS.
'M
66b
do, coniirtaring the •horlneit of the time by
whieli tti*y were utrailencJ ; b<tcau«« the people
were preiiareil to attack tlieni very »oon, and
becaute the >u>ldenneM o( the plot laiil agRlntt
them had Mmont cut off all their hope» of getlin(j
any foreign asuintiince; for they might be under
(he height of their afflictions, before any of thejr
confederntes could be informed of it. llowever,
it wa» re»olved to»call in the idumeun*; »o they
wrote a short letter to thit effect, that " Ananua
had imposed on the people, and wa» betray ing
th«ir metropolii to the Romaui; that they theni-
tetvei had revolted from the re»l, and were id
custody in the temple, on account of ihe preser-
»«tion of their liberty; thiit there was but a
iniaH time left wherein they might hope for tbcir
deliverance; and that unless they would come
imincdintely to their assistance, they should
themselves be 4oon in the power of J^ianui, and
the city would be in the power of theytniiians.
jhey also charged the messengers llo( tell many
' more circumstances toahc ruleri oftfie Idunie-
ans.- Now there were two active men proposed
for the carrying this message, and such as were
well able to speak, and to persuade theip that
things were in this posture; and, whiit was a
(qualification still more necessary than the for-
mer, they were very swift of foot; for they knew
well enough that these would inMnidintely row-
ply with their desires, as being ever « tumultu-
ous and djsor<l<rly nation, always on the watch
upon every motion, delighting in mutations; and
upon your Aattering them ever so little, and jicj
titioning them, they soon take their arms, and
put theiusclvcs into motion, and make haste to
a battle, as if it were to a feast. There was, in-
dee<l, occasion for quick despatch in the carrying
of this mesjage, in which point the messengers
were no WHj defective. |ioth their names were
Ananias; and they soon came to the rulers of
the Idumcaiis. ^ .
2. Now these rulers were greatly surprised at
the contents of the letter, and at what those that
c»me with it further told them; whereupon they
ran about the nation like madmen, and made
proclamation that the people should come to war;
so a multitude was suddenly got together, sooner
indeed than the time appointed in the procliiiii(|.
tion, and every body caught up their arms iiT
order' to muintaiii the liberty of their metropolis ;
and twenty thousand of them were put into battle
array, and came to Jerusalem, under four com-
• mandcrs, John and Jacob, the sons of SosaB^ anil
besides these were Simon the sonofCathlas,and
, Phineas the son of Glusothus.
3. Now this exit of the messengers was not
known cither to Ananus, or to the guards, hut
the approach of the Idunieans was khovirn to him ;
for as he knew of it bcfiire they came, he ordered
the gates to be shut against theiii, and that the
walls should be guarded. Yet did he not by any
means think of hghting against them, but, before
they came to blows, to tfy what persuasions
would do. Accordingly, Jesus, the eldest ot the
high priests ucxt to Ananus, stood upon the
tower that waf over against them, and said thns,
' Many troubles indeed, and those of various
kinds, have fallen upon this city, yet in none of
them have I so irtuch wondered at her fortune at
now, when you arc eoine to ajisist wicked men,
and this After a manner very extraordinary ; for
I see that you are come to support the vilest men
against ua, and this with so great alacrity, as you
could hardly put on (.he like, in case our metro-
polis hatl called yon 40 her aSHistance against
barbariana. And if I h»d perceived that your
armv'tvas cOinpiMed of, men like unto those who
■ HHra
theip one by one, every one of them would ha
found to have deserved ten thousand ileaths; for
the very rascality and offscouring of the whole
counlry, who have sp«!nt in debauchery their
own substance, anil, bv way of trial brforehanil,
have madly pUindered the niighboring villages
and cities, in the upshot of all have privately
run together into this \iu\y city. They ay rob-
bers, who by their jirodigbus wickedncs* have
profaned this most sacred floor, and who are to
be^ow seen drinking themselves drunk in the
saiKlnary, and >xneiiding the spoils of those
whom they have slaughtered upon their unsa-
tiablo bellies. As for the multitude that n with
you, one may see them so decently adorned in their
armor, as it would become them to be, had their
metroimlis called them to her assistance against
foreigners. What can a man cull this procedure
of yours, iHit the sport of fortune, when he sees
u whole nation coming to protect a sink of wicked
wretches? I have for a good while been'in doubt
what it could possibly be that should move you
to do this so suddenly ; bjrcause certainly you
would not take on your armor on behalf of rob-
bers, and against a people of kin to you, without
some very great «»;»u«e for your so doing. But
we have an item that the Romans are pretended,
and that wc are supposed to lie going to betray
this city to them; for some of your men have
lately made a clamor about those matters, and
Imvu said they are come to set their inetronolit
free. Now, w^^annot but admire at these
wretches in their devising such n lie as this
against us ; for they knew there was no other way
to irritate against us men that were naturally de-
sirous of liberty, nM on that account the best
disposed to fight agi^inst foreign enemies, but by
framing a tale as if ^e were goirfg to betray that,
most desirable thingj liberty. But you ought to
consider what soft of, people they are that raise
this calumnv, and against what sort of people
that calumny is rai«e<r, and to gather the truth ot
things, not by fictitioiijs speeches, but out of t|i«
actions of both parties; for what occasion i» ther^
for us to sell ourselves to the (tomans; while it
was in our power not to hav« revolted from theui
at first, or, when weWad once revolted, to^ have
returjied under their dominio^ again; and this
while the neighboring countries were not yet
laid wastet whereas, it is not an easy thing to be
reconciled to the Roiiians, if we were desirous of
it, now they have su^iilued Galilee, and are
thereby become proud and insolent;" and to en-
deavor to please them at the time when they
are so near us,' would bring sucli areproachiipon
us a» were worse than death. As for myself in-
deed, I should have preferred peace with them
before death; but now wc have once made war
upon thcni, and fouaht with them, I prefer deatik
with reputation, belore living in captivity under -
them. But fartlifer, whether do they pretendthat
wpvwho are the rulers of the people, have sent
thus privately to the Romans, or bath it been
done by tlie common suffrages of the people'? If
it be ourselves only that have done it, let them
liaine those friends of ours that have been sent,
as our servants, to manage this treachery. Hath
any one been caught as he went out on this er-
rand, or seiied upon as he came back"? Are they
in iKjssession of our letters? How could he be
concealed froin such a Vast number of our fellow-
citiiens, among whojn we are conversant every
hour, while what is done privately in the coun-
try, is, it seems, known liy the lealots, who are
but few in number, and under confinement also,
and »re not able to come out of the temple into
the city. Is this the first time that they are be-
.Ptisihle how they ought to be punished for
invited them. I h ad n o t deem e d yonr attempt s o 1 c o me sens i D i e now tu«y »»ii^,..» "r i--"""- --,
mUu^ FoV nothrnrdoes s^ much cemenr^ ' their insolent act.onsr > or while these men were
Sof ,."n tqgetLr a. the alliance there is ; free from.the fe" they are now "n<';^^^''*" "»
between their manners. But now for these men no su.pR.on "'"^.'l'"' 7/ ".UnrttheP^opl"
who have invited you, if you were to examuie , But ir^h«y lay this chaigc against me peoj.™
BOOK IV.- CtlAP. IV.
M»
thU miMt hat « been dope at ■ pu ilic connultation,
and not one of the people must hiivo diMvnteU
frpm the reit of the ■•■rmlily ; in which cnie the
public fame of this niHtlor wouki hiive roiile to
you looncr than any panirular in<ll£atiqn. But
.Uow could that b«'f Must there hot thcu have
been nnibatindort leut to ronfiriilXhe ii|(rce-
mentiT And let them tell u> who thiaaiiibaiaador
wrai, that was ordained for that purpose. Uut
this is no other than n prrlrncc of such men as
are lonth to die, amrnre lahurinc to escape those
Eunishnients that han|[ over them: for if fate
ad determined that this city was to be betrayed
into its enemies' hands, no other than these men
that accuse us falsely eouhl have the impudence
to do- it, there being no wickedness waHting to
complete their impudent practices but this only,
that they become traitors. And now you Idu-
nieans are comp hither already with your arms;
it is your duly, in (hu first pliice, to be assisting
to your mrtropolls, and to join with us iucuttiu^
off those tyrants ihut have infringed the rule* of
-oar regular tribunals, that have trimple<l upon
out taws, and made their swords the arbitrators
of right and wrong; for they have icized ujion
'men uf great eminence, and under no accusation,
ai they stood in the mid»l of the market-place,
and tortured them with putting them into bonds,
and, without bearing to hear what they had to
(ay,, or what supplications tl|ey inade, tliey de-
itroyed theni> You may, if you please, come into
the city, though not in the way of war, and take
a view of the marks still remaining of what I
bow say, and may nee the hunsRS tliitt have been
depopulated by their rapacious hands, with those
wives and families that are in black, inourniii);
f(tr their slaughtered relations; as also you may
bear their groans and. lamentations all the city
over; for there U nobody but hath tasted of the
ihcursiuns of these profane wretches, who have
proceeded to that degree of madness, ns not only
to have transferred their irapud en t rpbberiea out
of the country, and the remote cities, into this
city, the very face and head of the whole nation,
but out of the cit^ into the temple also; for that
is now mad^ their receptacle and refuge, and
the fountain-head whence their preparations M«
made against us. And this place, which is adored
by the ni<bitab|e world, ana honored by such as
only kuow it by report, at far as the ends of the
earth, is trampled upon by these wild beasts born
among ourselves. They now triumph in the des-
perate condition they are already in, when they
near that one people is going to fight against
another people, and one city against another
city , and that your nation hath gotten an arniv
together against its owii.bowels. Instead of which,
procedure, it were highly fit and reasonable, as I
laid before, for you to join with us in cutting oil'
these wrfjtches, arid in particular to be revenged
on them for putting this verj' cheat upon you: I
mean, for having the impudence to invite you to
assist'them, of wliom they ought to have stood in
feqr l as ready to punish then^ But if you have
^4iomfevregard,,to these men's invitation of you, yet
may you lay aside your arms, and come into the
city under the notion of our kindred, and take
upon you a middle name between that of auxi-
liaries and of enemiet, and so become judges in
this case. However, consider what these men
will gain by being called into judgment beforie
you, for lucli undeniable and such flagrant
criniei, who would not vouchsafe to bear such a«
had no accusations laid against them to speak a
word for tlyeniselves. Ilotvrver, let them gain
this advantage by your coining. But still, if you
will neither take our part in tliat iudignutiun we
- — *Tl i li app e ll a t i on of J e ru s alem giraiil t her a by SI -
have at these men, nor judge betwciSD us, tha
third tiling. I have to propose is this, that you le|
us both iilone, and neither insult u|Hin uur ca>
lamitiei, nor abide with these plutfr* against
their metropolis: for though you shouluhav*
ever so great a suspicion that some of us have
discoursed with the Komans, it is in your power
to watch the passages iutu the city ; and in casa '
any tiling that we nave luen accused of is brought,
tolight, then to come, and defend your mitro-
polls, and to inflict puniBhiiient on those that ar«
foUnd guilty; fur the enemy cannot prevent yoit
who arc so ue!ar to the city. Itut if, after all,
none of these priiposiils seem nrni'ptable and mo-
derate, do not you woniler that the gates arc shut
against you, wliileynu bear your arms iibiMil you. 'V
'4. Thus spake .fesus, yet did nit the multitude
of the Idunieant give any. attention to what ho
said, but were in a rage, because they did not
tneet with n ready entrance into the city. The
generals also had iudignutiun at the oiler of lay-
ing down their arms, and looked upon it as cqiial
to a captivity, to throw them away at any man's
injunction whomsoever. But Simon, the son of
Cttthlas, one of thvir coniiifanders, with much
ado (juieted the tumult uf his own men, and stood
so that the high priests might htar hiui, and said
as follows: " lean nc^onger wonder that the pa-
trons of liberty are under custudv in the temple,
since there are those that shut the gates of our
coniiliuh city to their own nation, aini at'the saiiiu
tiiiie arc prepared to admit the Itunians into it;
nay, perhaps are disposed to crown the gale*
with garlands at their conring, while they speafc
to the Iduineans from lh»ir own towurs, and en-
join them to throH'^ down their aims, which they
liave taken up for the preservation of its liberty,*
And wliile they will nut intrust the guard of our
. .1.^ l'_ A .. <t. _I_li.^ .. . I _.r..l >>_.-. ft^,... «A ■>•<> i'tl < llailaa
metropiiliLlo their kindred, profess to make theiii
judges of we diflerciices that are arttniig them;
nay; while they accuse some inen of having slain
others without a legal trial, they do themselves
condemn a whole nation after an ignoniiniout
manner; and have now walled up that city from
their own nation, which used to Dc optutfgi evtn.
nil foreignem that came to worship there. \Vu
have inuecd come in great haste to you, and to
a war against (lur own countrymen; und the rea-
son why we4tave made »ucii haste is this, that
we may prqjervc that freedom which you are so
unhappy aslo betray. You have prolKiblybetn
guilty of the like crimes against those whom you
keep' in custody, and,_have, I suppose, collected
toge.thcr the like plausible jiretrnces against
them &lso, that you make use of against us: af-
ter which you have gotten the mastery of those
within the temple, and keep them in custody,
while they are only taking care of the pu'ulic af-
fairs. Vou have also shut the gates of the city
in general against nations th:it are the most
nearly related to you; and while'you give such
injurious Commands to others, you complain that
you have been tyrannized over by them, and fix
the name of unjust governors upon such as are
tvranoizcd over by yourselves. Who can bear
this your abuse of words, wlilie they have a- re-
gard to the contrariety of your actions, unless
yoii mean this, that those Idiipieans do now ex-
clude you out of your metropolis, whom you ,e|,-
ciud»i from the sacred olliccs of your own coun-
try. One may indeed justly cuniplain uf those
that are besieged in (he temple; that when they
had courage enough to punish those tyrants
which you call eminent men, and free from
any accusation?, because of their being your
cumpahions in wickedness, they did not begin
with you, and thereby cut off beforehotid thu
Je rm taltm » ra > net aesign t d » r a ppnpri a fi l a, H i
tribe of Benjamin or Jaiah. iiitecirg tribe had equal
zrtoe Qj iienjamin tir ./nuiin. vMt everif tribe had equal
right to it flit lltcir coininir 10 worship tberc lit the
several festivals.] ^ec a little beCi^re, cli..Ui. sect. 3. ,
n, the general of the Idunieaiis, The comnon city
of the Idumeans, who were proselytes of jiistire, as well
as of the original native Jc\v°, i;reatly ^'onlirnis th^t
■laiim of the rabbins, here set down by Kclaad, that
"H.. ■
i<
-in
WARS Of?f HE JEWS.
. J»,.».,«.i. norli nl t)iU tr.i»«on. But if f»plf pprith, i>n<l tlir miillituiVi! of itic (^iiarrti might
mow »i""K<^"""' I*"!'- " - -:'■-'" , . , .
theie men liuve bi til more iiiprnful than Ihc puD-
lic nccesiiity rt<iuir«cl, we that are Idiiintaii* will
preserve this house of God, and will fiKht for our
common country, ami will oppose hy war a» well
-tnoie that attack lliiiii from abroad, as jhoie
tW betray them from within."* Here will we
tthiiie b..fore (lie walls in our armor, until either
the Romans (;row wwiiy in wailing foryou,_or
you become friends to liberty, and repent ol What
ifou have dene ngainst it."
5. And now tlid the Idnmeans make an arcla-.
mation to what Simon had snidj but Jesus went
•way iorroivfnl, n^ seeiiig »h»t the Idiimean,
were against all niodcrato counsels, and that tlic
city was beMPged on both sides. Nor indeea
were the min<ls of the Idumcans nt rest, for they
were in a rage at the injury Hial had beenoflereil
them by tiieir exclusion out ol 'the city ; and
when Ihey thought the lealols had been strong,
but saw notbiiigof theirs to support them, they
were in doubt about the matter, and nianyol
them reunited that they had come thither. Uut
Ihcshanie that would attend them in c»se they
returned withont doing any thing at all, so tar
overcame that their repentance, that they lay all
night befr>r<! the wall, tho^h in a very bad en-
campment; for there broke out ii_ prodigious
Itorm in the night, with the utmost violence, and
very strong winds, with the largest showers ol
rain, with continual lightnings, terrible thunder-
ings, and aniiizing concussions and bellowrngs
of- the earth, thatnas in an earthquake;. These
things were a a'anif''*' indication that some de-
struction was coming upon men, when the sys-
tcni of the world was put into this disorder, and
any one would guess that these wonders fore-
showed some grand calamities that were coming.
■ 6. Now-thc opinion of the Idumeins and ol the
citiiens was one and the same. The Idumcans
" thought that God was angry at their taking arms,
"•and tfiat ihey would not escape piihishineiit for
tieir making war upon their metropulis. Ananus
and his partv thought that they had'comiuered
without figh'ting. and that (Jocf acted as a gene-
ral for them; but truly they proved both ill con-
jecturers at what was to come, and mnile those
events to be ominous to their enemies, while they
were thcinsttves to unib rgo the ill ellei-ts of
'tiiein; for the Idumeans fenced one another by
uniiing their bodies into one band, and Jhereby
kept themselves warm, hnd connectirtg their
shields t)vertheifchends, were not so much hurt
by the rain. Hut the lealot* were more deeply
concerned for the dangVr these men were in than
they were for tlfemseUeS, and got together, and
looked about tlieni to see wlietlur thev could de-
vise any means of assisting theiu. The holt.T
■ iort of them thought it best^n force thiir guards
witht^cir mws, and after that to f»ll into the
midst of tiic city, and publicly open the gates to
those that came to their aH«istance; as. supposing
the guards would be in <lisorder, and give way
it such an unexpected attempt oT theirs, espe-
cially as the greater part of them were unarm-
ed, and unskilled in the nlTairs of war; and that
besides, the multitude of the citiiens would not
:c easily gathered together, but confined to their
' bouses 1)V the storm; and that if there wcte any
h.uard in their undertaking, it became them to
Bufler any thing whatsoever themselves, rather
than to overlook so great a multitmle as were
T miserably perishing on their account. Hut the
more priiiU nt.iiart of them disapproved of this
f :i.i_ «t.A.i UA/imian lk«>v ttitu7 lint nnlv tlie
sell urriwpt, on, I iii>- iim*., •"••'• ". — .,- i^ ....-..-
perish with him; for iVulyusIhe niL'ht was far
gone, ami the storm was very terrible, Anaouf
gave the guards in the cloisters leave Jo go to
sleep; while it came into the heads of the tenlott
to make uire of the saws beloAging to the teninle,
and to cut the burs of the gates to pieces. The
noise'of the wind, Hnd that not inferior sound of
the thunder, did here also conspire with their de-
signs, that the noise of the saws was not he^rd
by the others.
7. So they secretly went out of the tcniple ta
the wall of the city, and made use of their saws,
and opened that gite which was over against the
Idiimeans. Now at first there came tt fear upon
the Idumeans themselves, which disturbed them,
as imagining that Ananus and his party were^
coming lb attack them, so that every one of them
had Ills right hand upon his sword, inordlrto
defend himself; bu^ they soon came to know who
they were that came to them, and were entered
tiic citv. And had the Idumeans then fallen upon
thecilv, nothing could haVe hiiiilered them from
destroying the people every man of them, such
was Ih'e rage they were in at that time; but they
fint of all made haste to get the zealots' qut of
custody, which those that brought theijj in ear-
nestly '<ie»ired tlicm to do. and hot to overlook
those for whose sakes they werf rome,Jn the
midst of their distresses, nor to bring them into
a still Kreatcr danger; for that when they had
nui, and jeans, end ZdcAoifio*. Mnd how tht
IJimeana relircd home.
8 1. This advice pleaseti the idumeans; ami
.i.?l
once seiiej liiiim the guards, it would be easy
for them to fall upon the city ; but that if Ihecily
were once alarmed, they would not then, be able
to overcome those. guards, because, as soon as
they should perceive they were there, they
wouhl puttl((!mselves in order to light them, and
would hinder their coming into the ^eiiiple.
CHAP. V.
Tht Cruellyof the Idumeans, when they teen got-
leninlolheTemiik,durinplheSt'rm.and<tf
the '/^eakts. ConcttningthtHlaughlerofAna- '■
I. 1 »lia nu*,,.,; |.,v«=^.^ ...>- T-T -----
they ascended through Uifc city to the temple.
The zealots were also in great expectation Of
their coming, and earnestly wailed for them.
When therefore these were entering, they also
came boldly out of,thc inner tiiiiple, nn.l mixing
themsHves with the Idumeans, they attarkijjl the
guarils; and some of those tliat were upon llin
watch, but were tallen aslei p, they killed as they
were asleep; but as those that were now aivak-
encd made a cry, the whole multitude arose. anH
in the amaiement they were in, caught hold of
their arms immediately, and betnuk theiiiselvea
to their own defence; anil so long as they thought
they were oiliv the zealots who attacked ~l)ieni,
thev went on boldly, as hoping to overpowe/them
by "their numbers; but wheii they saw/others
pressing in upon them, also, they perceived the
Idumeans were got in; and the greatest part of
thein laid aside their arras, together with their
courage, and betook themselves to Nf^ntntioni.
But some few of the younger sort fovjrrcd thenl'
selves^jfith' their armor, and valiantly received'
the Idumeans, and for a while protected the niul-.
litude of old men. Others, indeed, gnve a sig- •
nal to those that were in the. city of the calami-
ties they were in; but when th9se we^e also
made sensible that the Idumcan«%erc ronie in,
none of them durst come to their assistance, onlv
more nrud nt.part of them ilsapprovcd of this none 01 iiiem niirsi .0,,.. ... ...:.. ,.==.>-.«...., ^...,
forcTblenethoii, because thev saw not onlv the they returne. the terrible echo of Wading, and
eua ' aho lut m very numerous, but thewalls lainenled their misfortunes A great howfing of
^n e H tv se lf rareliilly watched, by reason of the women was ^ -^' 'i '^; "';'"• "f;t ?^ ^, °" ^.g ^
the liui eans. They a so supposed that Ananus the guards were in danger of be ..g ^'l'--'; * "^
wou dl e every where, and vi's t the guards every i zealots also joined in the shouts raised b, the
hour- which i .deed was doiie,«pon oth. r nighlJ, | Iduqieans; mid the «ton,, itsell ren.ler.d the cty
burwan nittd that night, not l.y u ason of any ' more terrible; nor did he hllimeuns »!«•« any
dothfalness of Ananus.°but by the o»< rb.aring , body, for as th<y are natiira l> a moit bai l»rou»
-SSin rntVfZtl also b^oth he mi^'hthim" land' U ..atf.-.. c:iJ had beta a»lre««l by
BOOK IV;— GHAP. V.
511
(be tempcili they mada ut« of their wrapone
■ninit those (hitt had ihut the g»ttt Hfjiilnat
tMin, nhdHctt'd in the time niniiiitT m tu tholn
that aupplicnled for their llvei, and to thone that
foof(ht tnt:ni, intomuch that they ran through
those with their swonl* who desired them to rc-
irieiiibcr the relation there was between thcnti
lind begged of tlicin to have regard to thi'ir com-
mon temple. Now there was at present neither
arty place for flight, nor any hope of preserra-
tion, but as they wt^e driven one upon another
in heaps, so were they slain. Thus the great-
er |:art were driven together by force, as there
was now no place of retireiiient, and the murder-
ers were upon them, njid having no other way,
threw themselves down heaillone into the city;
whereby, in niy opinion, they underwent a more
wiscrabie'destruction tbantthat which 4hey avoid-
ed, bi:cause that was a voluutnry one. And now
was also joined with hhn, and although h« WM
inferior lo' him upon Ihe comparison, h« was aa-
perior to (lie real; and 1 Cannot liut think, that
It was b<cfluae ttml had doomed the city to da-
atrnction, aa a polluted city, and was reSoWeii
to purge hilt annctunry by firei ^thot he cut off
thespPheir great ilrrendera and well-wiahert,
whinthoae ttiat a little before had Worn the aa-
cred garments, and had prealdcd over the public!
worahip,* and had been esteemed venerable br
tlio^ that dwelt on the whole habitable eartD
when they came into our city, were ca«t out n«-
ked, and aeen to be the food of doga and wiki
beaats. And I ciiniiot but imagine that virtua
itself groaned at thiae nien'a caaea, and Ininented
that she was here 89 terribly cpnquered by wick-
edness. And this at last was the ead of Ananut
and Jesus.
3. Now, after these were slain, the xealota and
the outer teiuple was alj of it overflowed with-i [((he multitude 0/ (he IduniPHiia fell upon the peo
blood; and that day, as it came on, siiw_
thouaand five hundred dead bodm there. ' ^
2. But the ra^c of thekjdiinjiana wiisAiot^
tiated by these slaughters; but they now hi
took themselves to the city, and pliindercd evei
houaf, aiidnlew every one they met; and for tl
other iiiulliliidc, tliey estceiiied it nccdlciiH to go
on with killing them; but they sought fur the,
high pricstH, and the generality went with flie
greatest zeal againat them; and at soon aa they
caught them tliey nlew them; and then stantiine
upon their dead bodies, in way of jest, upbraided
Ananus ivith his kindness to the4>cople, and Je^
SOS with his speech made toTthem from the walli
Nay, they proceeded, to that degree of impiety,
as to cast away their dead hodiea without Im-*
rial, although the Jews used to take so much
care of the ourial of men, that they took down
Uiose that were condemned and crucified, and
buried them before the going down of the sun. I
should not niintake if I sniiT, that the death of
Ananus was the beginning of the destruction of
the city, and that from this very day nia^ be
dated the overthrow of her wail, and the ruin of
her nflairs, whereon they saw their high priest,
arid the procurer of their preservation, sluin in
' the inidat of theircity. , He was on other accounts
alio a venei^ble an(l a very just man ; and besides
the grandeur' of that nobdlty, and dignity, and
honor, 'if which' he was possessed, he had been
a lover of a kind of parity, even with regard.to
the meanest of the people; he was a nrodiginus
lover of liberty, ai)U an admirer of a (leniocracy
in government, and did ever prefer the public
welfare before his own advantage, and preferred
peace above all things; for he was thoroughly
sensible that the Rom'iii» « <'re not to be conquer-
ed, lie also foresaw thiilof necessitv a war would
follow, and that unlei-<< the Jews made up matters
with them very drxternusly, they would be de-
stroyed: to say all in a woni, if Anonushad sur-
vived, they had certainly compounded matters;
for hcwaa a shrewd man in speaking and per-
suading the. people, and had already gotten the
mastery of tliuso that opposed his designs, or
w^re for the war. And the Jews had then put
abundance of delays in the way of the Romans,
if they had haif such a general as be was. Jesus
* Xtr/t ficif 5f itrKiiM, or world/if vorthip, as the aatlior
to the itelirews calls the sanctuary, •<)"» xoa-juisor, a
wo^Uhj aanctuarg.
t Boinc romnienlntors arc rcaily toaupposo thot thia
Zmeliariaii fherov e/ flnrnr*, hire most iin)iistly slain
liytlie Jews In tlic temple, wiwllic vdty same iierson
with Zatharian the aov ef Bamctiiir, whom our Biiv«
iour says the Jews «/<» between llir. temntt Unil theal-
<ar. Malt, xxiii. 3."i. Tliis is aooin^Wliat striiniir! cx|>o.
e as upon a flock of profane animida, and rut
'^~ Toats; and for the ordinary sort, they
stroyed in what place soever they caught
'~ it'forthe nqbleinen and the yoiilh,«ney
t them and bound them, and shut them
pnson, and put oft' their slaughter, in hopes
tAat some of them would turn over to tlieir party;
but not one of them would coinidjuivith their de-
sires, but all of them preferred crNVh Itefore being
inrolli'd among such wicke4 wr^ches as acted
against their own Country. Km* this refusal of
theirs t>rought upon them terrible torments; for
they were so. scourged and tortured, that their
ho(fies were not able to siistain their tormenti,
till at length, and with difficulty, they had tha
fa/or to be slain. Those whoin they caught in
the day time were slain in the night, and then
their bodies were carried out and thrown away,
that there might be room for other prisoner*;
and the terror that was upon the people was M
great, that no one had courage enough either to
weep openly for the dead man that was related to
him, or to bury him ; but those that Were abut up
in theirown booses could only shed tear* in secret,
and durst hot even groan without great caution,
lealartJTof their enemies should hear them; for
if they did, those that mourned for others soon
underwent the same death with those whom they
mourned for. Only in the night time they would
take up a little dust, and throw it upon their bo-
(lies; and even sonic that were the most ready to '
expose themselves to danger would do it in the
day time; and there were twelve thousand of
the better sort who perished in thia manner. *
4. And now these zealots and Idumean* wera
quite weary of barely killing men, so they had
the impudence of setting up fictitious tribunals
and judicatures for thot purpose ; ahd aa they in-
tended to have Zacharias.t the son of Barueb,
one o^ the moat eminent of the citizens, slain,
ho, what provoked them against Kim was, that
hatred of wickedness and love o'tliberfy which
were so eminent in him: he was alWa rich man,
so that by taking him off. they did nik only hope,
to seize his-efliects, but also lo get rJd of a man .
that had great power to destroy th*m. So they
called togetlier,by a public proclamation, seventy
of the principal men of the populace, for a show,
AitrucA, in JoaepliuH, w.-isthen almut tliirty-four year*
future : and ainre that slnu^litcr wa* brttccen tke tern-
pit and the alrar, in the court of the prieats, one of tlie
moat sarrcil iind remote parts of tlio whole temple,
while tliis was, in Joseplms's own words, in the mii-
die of the temple, and inurli the most prolmlilv in tn«
court of larnel only (for we have had uo intimation
that tlie iicalots had at this time iirbfaned the rourt of
thcprieats. SeeB. v.ch. Lscriii.) Nordol lieliovnthat
aition : sidre Zerljariali the prophet wns ruiilly Ike ton our Jqpeplma. who alw.iys insists on the pernllnr sa-
ilr Barathia n-:d a'rundnon of Iddo. Zoi-li. I. 1, and how , ercilncsa of that inmont rOHrt, iind of the holy house
he died, wo have no other aVroiint timii that licfore us ■ that waa in it, would linvc fliniltpd«o material an n-
i n 8 1. Mat t hew ; w hil e th i s Zn e tar i m wa< t \ t nun of \ u r a v i i liun of thia h i irliaro iia mi i rder , as per p etr a ted in
BartirH : siiicolhc Klaiidlitcr was past whnn our 8hv- i aplaceso very holy. Mad thntheen tlie true place of it.
iour spoke those words, the Jews h:id then already slain Bee Antiq. B. xi. ch. tIl sect. 1, and the not* bei* on
Um ; whereas tlie aluughter of 2acliaria« (Ae sonof | B. r. cb. i. sect. it. |^
\-
' :, <F.
■m,<
i
5JU' ^ , WAHffOF THE JEWS
M If they were real jadg«f, whif« 'th«y h«d n<i
proMr tuthorUy. Before theie'wM ZecheriM
uer authority. Before theie wai —
Wl-or a design to betray their polity to
w% * V _r L..^:_. .«__1*~-A>.>I># a Anil 1^
them, and that they had no regard toiuch Ahtd
Mved theni;aliat .they were ^ impudent ai to
uerpetrale the vileii thiiift, under the eyei ol
I (leilrn to oeiray meir pom; ly |i»i|«in».» ...i- .■•—. — ..-b-- . — - j ,. ,-
Si Roin.n., andf of haring traitorouily ient-^, ,tho* that had •"Pl>?'«" ?•?«"'! •"'J'^.Vf.t '
Ve.pa. «.i fJr that puroose Now theri appear- 'wicked actlont would be '•"•«"«''• ;'"^.^''"f»^
Teipaimn uw . V /• ^ ^ ^ „„...'.Vi „f Idumeani, and woldd be fo laid tor their charg*
till ioaieb<xly obitructi their proceedioK>i or *e-
parate* hiniielf from the laine wicked action;
that they therefore oiufht to retire home, linCe
tVe impuUtion of treaJb appear* tb be ■ cal^i»l-
ny, and that there '^i no eiftclation of the
'•d no proof or »igii of what ho waa aecuted of,
hut they affiriiled theniielvet that Ihcy were W4ll
ncrtuatlc<l that lo it wai, and deaired that tuch
• tiieir athrmalign. might be taken for iumclent
•Videnoe. 'Now When Zachariaa'clearly tawAhat
the.re~wai no way^remainlng for'hia ji»cane from
thein, aa havingoeen treaclieromly called before
them, and^then put in ariion, but not with any
intention of a legal trial, he tooki«Mal libf rly of
•pecch in that deapair of liTo he wai under. Ac-
Icordingly he •lood up, and laughed at their ore-
tended nc'cuiation, and in a fewwordi eonjut*"
the ci'iiii+» li'id to hi» charge; after whioJk "Be
turned hj* apeech to hit accuaera, and wento»er
dittinctl}' all their tranagreteiona of Jlhe law, and
mvli'- heavy -laiiientalion upon tHe confualon they
had broughUpublic affairato; ig, the mean lime
the tealola Sew tumultuoua, an^had much ado
to *b»t»in m>in drawing their Iworda, although
they designed to preserve the appearance and
•how of iwlicature to the end. They were alao
desiroua, on other nccounta, to try the judges,
whether they would be mindful of what was
tnat at their own peril. Now the seventy judges
irought ill their ^prdict,,<^hiUthe person accused
waa not^Milty, Afthooaingmjher to dip them-,
selves with him, i\aa to hav^»^cath laid at
tfaeir doors: herc(i|4op there ar3^« great cla-
mor of the iealots up'At hia ae<|uil(iT< ""d they
•II had indignation at the judgej; for not under-
•tanding that the authority ihatwaa given thjui
was bJl in jest. So two of ihe'boldcat of them
fell upon.Zacharia8 in the middle of the (emple,
'•nd sltw'bim; and as he fell down dead, they
bantered him, and said, "Thou hast also our
verdict, and this will prove a more aure acquittal
to thee than the other. They^Uo threw him
down from the temple jminediat^y into the valley
beneath it. Moreover, they atrgck the judgea
with the backa of their awordt, by way of abuse,
and thruat them out of the court of the temple,
and spared their livea with no o^her deaign than
that, when they were dispersed aiuon^ the peo-
pU in the city, they might become tbeir messen-
gers, to let them know they were no better than
slavea. ,* .
5. put by this time the Idumean* repented of
their coming, and were diapleaaed at what had
been done; and when they were assembled to-
cether by one of the zealots, who had conie pri
die imputation of trea
ny, and that there wai "u •»^«.i~.i"i. i'- •"»
coming of the Ron'iana at Ihia time, and that the
government of the city wa» aepured by auch
walla aa cannot easily ipn thrown down: and, by
avoiding any farthjer 'fcljowahip with these bad
men, to make some excuse for themselves, as to
wha| they "had been so far deludeif ai to have
becn"pa(tner<L with them bitherlo."
CHAP, vt:
'How the ZiihU, »*«» thty wertfrtti^imjht
Idumtan$Meti> a grtal many m6ri pffht (AH-
ttns, Jlnd Hon Vespatinn di$maitdlht Ho-
martf , vihtrt ihey wire very eameit fo. morck
agaitiMt the Jeat.fromjiroceedingin the War
i^attj^at Time. f %
il. ThK Idumeana^ortplied with these 'per-
sonions, and in the first place they sat those
that were in the prisons at liberty, being about
two thousand of the populace, who /thereupon
lied away immediately to Simon, one jvhora w«
shall speak of |iire»e'jitly. A'fterwhlpjrlhese Idu-
.ineans retired from Jerirusalem, and wl^t honit .
which depnrture'of theirs was a great surprise
to both parties; for the people not knowing of
their repentance, pulled up their courage for a
while, as eased of so many of their enemies,
while the zealots grew more insolent, not as de-
,serled by their confederates, but as freed from
such men as might hinder their dssigns, tmd put
some atop to their \^ickedness. Accordingly, they
made no longer any delay, nor took an/il< li'ic-
ration iif their enormous practices, but iimdi: use
of the shortest methods for all their executtona;
and what they had "once resolved upon, ther put'
in practice aooner th^n any one could imijkine.
IJut their thirst was chiefly after the blood of
valiant men, and men of good families; the one
sort of which they destroyed out of envy, the
other out of fear; for they thought their whole
security lay in leaving no jbotent men alive; on
wjiich account they slew Gorion, a person erai-
]l<enf in dignity, and on accoTint of his family
also; he was also for a democracy, and of as
rether bV one of the zea ots, wbo haa come pri- ,""", m^ "»» -"" ;v" - -:-••■ — "'■-•--_-
fa ely to them, he declared to them what a nim-, great boldness and freedom of spirit as were ^any
TBieiy w lucii., " ~ ;u^....«i„— ,!„.,» nf the Jews whosoever: the nriucipal thine that
ber of wicked pranks they had themselves done
IB conjunction with those that invited them, and
fave a particular account of whpt luiichiefs had
een done against their metropolis. He said,
that " they had taken armi, as though the high
priesU were betraying their metropolis to the
Romans, but had fountlno indication of any such
treachery; but that they had succored those
that had. pretended to believe such a thing, while
they did ibenisclves the works of war and tyran-
ny alWr M insolent wanner. It had been indeed
their business to have hindered- them from such
their prflteedings at the first, but «e«ing thejr
had once been -partners with them hi sheddini
the blo»Wif their own countrymen, it was high^
time to^put a stop to such crimes, and not con-
tinue to q,ft'ord an> more assistance to sifch as
•re subverting the laws of their (brefathers; for
that if any had taken it ill that the gates had
been shut against them, and they had not been
permitted to come into the city, yet that those
who had excluded them have been punished, and
H-t
Ananus is dead, and t h at almost all t l i as 'c p eople
ind t ill
ep in
y
of the Jews whosoever; the priucipal thing that
ruined him, added to his other advantages, was
his Uip speaking. Nor did Niger of Perea, es-
cape 'Hteir hands: he had been a man of great
valor, in their war with the Romans, but was
now drawn through the middle of the city ^^id
aa he went he frequTMly cried out', and showed,
the scars of his wounds; «nd when he was drawn
out of the gales, and despaired of his preserva-
tion, he bejsought them to grant \)ira a burial;
but as they bad. threatened him beforehiknd not
to grant him any spot of earth for a grave, which
he chiefly desired of them, so did they Jay liim
[without permitting him to be buried.] Nuw
when they were slaying him, he niade this impre-
cation upon thehi, that they might undergo both
famine, and pestilence in tni> war, and, be«ide»
qlVthat they might come to the mutual slaughter
of one another; all which imprecalionsOocf con-
firmed against these impioiM men, ami whs what
came most justly upon them, when not long af-
terward they tasted of their own madncsa in their
mutual sedi tions on e agyi i iit-fenther . So when
\
bad been destroyefl in one night's time. That
one may perceive! many of themselves now re-
penting for what they had done, and might see
ih* horrid barbarity of those that bad invited
this -Niger was killed, their fears of being oVerx
turned were. diminished; and,*indeed, there was
no part of the people but they found 'out some
pretence to deitroy them; for some were, there- -
BOOK IV.-^'CHA!'. jril.
toKi, iln'ri^bocAute lh«)r had diflercnGCi ^ilh
Mine of Thrill! and at to (honii who hfut not 0|h>
pOMcl l^oni in timet pf peacli, they watched •««-
winahL^ (ipportuniliei to f^in luine accuiation
anintt tix'in; and ir any nn(,ldi(l iv>t ronie near
tntm^nt alt, lie wa* untti^r Ihrif titflipicibn ua a
proud linn: if ailf one cnnie-wijk boldntu^ ha
wai entecined a contemner of th<iin i-and it' Itny
' 60* canie a> aiming to oblirp ihcni, he' wai luif-
potad to have •onie .treacMrbu* plot ap^aliiiit
\tbeni; while the onlv puiiiahnicnt of criiiieii
whether thry were M the gre'ateat or .•mallcit
iorti.wai death. Nor could nnv one cica|ie un-
y |«u he were very iuconsiderame, cither on ac-
count (if the ineanneM of hii birth ur HO account
ofhii fnrtunn., > - »
S. And now all the re«t of the commant^ri of
the Roinaiin 'dirnied thia ■edition anion^ their
fMmies to be of great advantage to thciii, and
were'very ehriipst to march to the city ; and thev
Hlfled Vetpatian, R« their lord and general in all
eueitto make haute, and mid to him, that "'the
providence erf <«iM 14 on our ilde, by aetting our
cneniiea at variaiicc agniiiat orto another; that
•till the change in aurh caae* may be auddcn,
and the Jeifa iiiay^uickly be at one n||iuin,r('ither
(tccaule they iiih> bd tifM out of^their ri^il nii-^
■erica, or repent thein of audi doinga." Uiit Vca-,
ntaian repliiil', tliiit •■ ihrr were gn'atly miatakrn
in what^ievthought lit to bo done, ka ihoite that,
iipon'the th^htre, love to make a ahow of ttirir
handa, and'of tl^eir W'^upona, huftio it ut tht^r
own hVinrd, without coriaiduring what wa« for
(heir at^vantagc, and for their lerurity ; for that
if they noiv go and attacit the ci(^ imniediHtejy,
thev ahall but occasion their cnomiea to unite to-
celher, and »hnll convert their Ibrcc, now It ia in
Ha Iieight, againat theihaelvef. liut if they atay
MbiU they 'ahallliave fewer enemiea, becaute
they will be conaumcd in thia aedition ; ihat God
act* aa a general of the Koinana bet<er than he
Clio do, and ia giving ihe^ews up to thcM with-
out any paina of their own," and grunting their
amiy a victory wjthoMt any danger^ ihat^there-
, fore it la thein beat way. White their enemiea are
deatroying each btker with their own handa,\iiiU'
CiHing into the' greateat mlafortunei!, which i*
thatof (edition, tu ait atill^aa aivectutora of the
dangfers thev run into, filler than to fight hand
to band with men that jbve murdering, artd are
inad one againat aiiother. But if any one ima-
ginca that the glory of victory^ when it ia gotte^ m\
Wifhout fighting, will be more insipid, let hini 'v
know thia much, that a clorioua aucceaa quietly' -'
obtained ia'more proAtable 'than the dangera of
■ battle ; for we ought tcr cateem those that do
what ia agreeable to temperance and prudence,
no leaa'gloriout than thoae that have gained
great reputation by their actiona in war: th|t he
. ahall lead on hia army with greater force, when
their enemiea are diminiahcd, and hia own army
' refreahed after '.the continual |abora they had
undergone. However, that thi» it not a pro|ier
time to propose to ourselvea the glory of victory ;
for that the Jcwa are not now employed in
making of armor or building of walla, *or in-
deed in getting together auxiliarict^ wjiile the
advantage will be on their, aide who give them
. tuch opjiortunity of delay: but that the J^«(t
; ^^re vexed to pieces every day by their civil wars
.and ditaenaiont, and are under greater niiseriea
(han4y'they were once (^k^n^ could be inflicted'
' on them -by Mt. Whether therefore any one hath
.regard ^ what it for our aafety, he ought to
•uffer thete Jewi tp destroy oiie anotheir, or
; BIS
whether |i«; hath regard to the greater glory of ~
the action, w« ought by no mran*yto meddia
with ihuae men, now'jthfy Vre afflicted with a
diatemper at J[iumc ; fur ahuuld we now cimquer
thciir, it ivnuld he aaid the cunqiirat was not
owing V our btiivery, but to their aeilitiiin." a
9. And iiiaw th^ eommandiva joined \a their
approbation of what Veapaaian hail sniil, and it
v|rat1ooD.diacoverrd how wiae an opinion he had
given. Aiid indcexl many there were of the Jlewt
tliat.deierteil every day, and %d away lr<im the
tCRlOla, although their flight waa very dillicult,
ainco'they had guardj-d ev^l^ passage out of the
city, and. slew every one that Waa caught at
them, aatajiing it bi'r granted "Hher^rere going
over to the Ruiiiaiia; yet did h^ who gaVc them
money get cl<'arolf,^WIlilc he only Ihiit gate them
none wai voted a traitor. So the uiiahdt wat
thia, that the rich purthaaed their ll'r^lit'by iilOr__
ney, while ilorte bifl the poor were skiin. A.hing
all the rdada atao vnat nuihbcra of dead liodiet .
lay on heapa, ami even many Of thoae that Wfre
ao xtaloifa in deserting, at length chose rather ~
to perish wi|.bin the eity; for ttw hojiea of burial .
made death in their own city appear of the two
less terrible to then), liul theae zealots cnine^t
last to that degree of barbarity, aa not to bestow
aburial either on those alain in the city.,,or bo
^hosci'lhat lay aloiii; the roads; but aa If they had
iiinde mi tigreciucnt to cancel both the l.awa of
their'country and the lawa of nature, ^rtd at the
sunie tiiiVe thiit they defiled men with tlvir Wicked
actions, 'they wouli4^p<jllut« the DiVjnit^ i,taelf
kIsu, they left the (lc)id. hodiea to putrl))' Ander
tbe.auniand the'aaine puniahinent na's^notted
to such lA buried anyV^ to thoadvthiit deserted,
wliii^ )tat no other than deatli; whilo.he that
granTed'JhejTuvbr of n'grave, to vnothf r, Jlrould
presently stand iji need of ■ grave 'liim>«^lf'^7o
tay all iii a word, no other gentle pa^'on wat to ;
entirely lost anioiilr them at *merS|P;' foir what^'
Wert; "tiie' greateat olljerts of pity 'diiT'nnst of all
irritate tlieae wrct'rhca, end they tnm^erred
their'rage frt>m the.llving to thoae thitf h'hrt been
alain, and from the d«nd to the lijring.' 'Nay, the
terror waa ao fefy great, Ihat he who ai/rviyed ,
called titein t}iut vivTv first dead' happy, as hc^ng:
at <rest already; as did tho^ thaf wefu.under
toinurc- in the prisons, (1|<clarc,''that,^|ian thit
conipuriabn,' those tlmt lay;- ilnburied wire the
happiest. These riicn, thercOr^,Jraniiiled. upon '
jbU the laws of nie|i,'nnd laughed ittt lie lawa of
Ifod ; and for th^e Oracle^ of th« prophets, tliejr
ridiculed th^in aa l^e irickt of juggleri; yet did
theae prophets foretell many things concerning
[the rewarcis of] ^rtue, and [punishments of^
vice, whjch' when theae lealota 'Yialiited, they
occasioned the fulfilling of thoae vi^ry pt-ophe-
'cics belonging to their own country; fur tneia
waa a rertain ancient oracle-of those men, that'
" tlie city ahould then be taken and the aonrtuary
burnt,* by right "of war, when a aeilitioil ahould
invade ^he JeWa, and their own hands shoulil pol-
lute the temple of <ipd." Now while those lea-
lots did not [quite] disbelieve these predictiont,
they made tliji'iiiselvet the instrument^ of their
accomplishment. . '
jTHAPi VII. *
♦ This predirHon that ''thopity [of Jerutalem] ahould
then be tiilceii,niiilth!etancuiirylHirnl,by right of ^ar,
when a aedition sliould iiivade the jews, and their
owulia i itlasl io uM [l oll n te t hattem p le ;" or , a a It fa i in
B,.vi. rli. ii. sect. 1,—',' Wlien any one ahnll begin to
■lajr hitrountrvmi-n tn thecky," iaiKfanliiis in our pre-
•ant topic* of the Old Testamchf. t^ee Kstay onihe
Old Teit. p. 1(M— lis. But thia prediction, aa Joae-
phut well lemaikiliere, though with the other prcdic-
hX
Hoip-john tyrankittd otcr the rut; and icAo*
Jilischiefi Ihei Zealals did itl Maiaia. Hopi
alia yesiMsiafi'look Oadtiramnd ithatActiohM
Wertptrfurmti^by I'laciduM. t
\ 1. Bt thia ^|)ie. John Wnt beginning to ty-
rannize, and tholi^t it beneath Tiiiu.to accept
tiona of the proplicia it ttn%' iiow,lnU!!lied al^tiy llip <*».
dilioiiH, waa by their very meags aoon ciactlv fulfilled.
However, I rannot biit'here takb notice pfOtullua<t
p a a lll v e a*Se r t inii . iip on M a li. ««yi. 9 , h c ^ ^ ( | Mot e d by
^
it.]
br.lluilsoii, lhnt''il*)iii:l)lttb«' taken for era pled, aa
a ifertnin iriuliT^lmt-iiijiiiyTiredictions of Hit Jewish
iflropliets were pn-servcil^nnt ui i^ritinK, liiSt by mean
ory." Wliereas, it aconmlo Inc, aofar from certain
that I think it bat no evidence nor proliabdity at alL
J
h:
of bardr the
WiUte OF THB JEW8,
V
hOBort diatothan hulipnd
io hiniatK br dtrrcat • Mrty of the
eit of Ihciu ■II, h« broka oBfruni th« reat
* wickiii ^-.^
of the factiuD. Tbii wu broufht about bj hit
still diM|[reeia( with the opinioni of Other*, and
giving out injunction! of hit own In a verjr linpe-
^ rioui uiaooer, lo that it.wai evident be wai wt-
ting up a monarchical power. Now •oma euboiit-
tM to bim out of their fear of him, and otbtn
out of Ibelr good-Will to him; for he wn a
^rewd maa to entical mra4o him, both by delofl-
ing them and puttioj^jdiaati upon them. Nay,
many there were that thought thev ihould be
■afcr tbenitelvci. If the cauace of their paat in-
•olcnt actiona ahould 'now be reduced lo one
.bead, and not to a great many. Hii activity waa
po great, and that both in action alid in counacl,
Ihi
» i*"
K
ibat he had not a few guarda about him; yet
waa there a great party of bia antagoniata tbat
left him; among whom: envy at bim weighed a
reat deal, while Ihey thought it a very heavy
hingto b« in aubjectioa to one that waa former-
ly their equal. But the main reaaon that moved
nten againat bim waa the dread of monarchy, fur
they cuald not hope eaaily to put an end to bia
tower, if he bad unce obtaincti it; and yet they
new that he wouM have thia pretence alwaya
•gainat them, that they bid 6ppoaed birii when
be ilai firat advancea; while every one clioae
rather to suffer aiiy thing -whatsoever in war,
thin that, when they had been in a voluntary-
slavery M aome time, they ahould afterward
periah. So the aedition was divided into two
parta, and Julin reigned in oppoaition to hin ad-
veraarica over one of them; but for titcir lead-
«ra, they watched one another, nor did they at
ail, oral leatt very little, meddle with uriiia in
theiroquarrela, but they foueht eameatly againat
the people, and c<Jotended one with .anulher
which of them ahould bring home the great^at
prey. But becauae the city had to atruggle with
Ihree of the greateat miafortunea, war, and ty-
ranny, and afdition, it appeared upon the com-
parifon, that tllfiJBar waa the leaat troubleaome
to the impulace of 'them all. Accordingly, they,
ran Bwa)r from their own houaea to- fureigne'ra,
•nd obtained that pireacrvatiou from the Kumana
which they deapaired to obtain among their own
people.
2. And now.a'fourtb misfortune aroae'^^inorder
to bring our nation to deatruction. There waa a
fortrcin of very great atreneth not far froiii Je-
ruaalem, which liad been biiilt by our ancient
kinga, both aa a repoaitory for their effects in the
hasarda of war, and for the preae'rvation of their
bodiea at the aaiiie time. It was called Maaada.
I'hoae that Were called Sicarii had taken.poasea-
sion of it formerly, but at this time they overran
the neighboring countries, aiming only to pro-
cure -to themselvea neceaaariea; fur the fear they
were then in prevented their farther ravages. But
when once tney were informed that the Roman
army lay atill, and Uhat the Jews were divided
by sedition and tyranny, they boldly undertook
greater inatt«rs; and at the feast of unleavened
bread, which the Jews celebrate in memory of
their deliverance from the Egyptian bondage,
when thev were sent back into the country of
their forefathers, they came down by ni^ht, with-
out being cliacovercil l^^thoae that could have
prevent^ them, and O^rran a certain small
city called Engaddi, .1^ ''Mich expedition they
prevented those citizens' l|iat could have stop-
vtA them, before theyi could arm themselves,
iad fight them. They aUo dispersed them, and
cast tfiem out of the city: as for so^h as could
not run away, being women and children, they
sUw of them abova mt«d bnndrtd. Afterward,
fMka they bad carried every thing out of Ihair
bqusas, and had seised upon all the fruits that
were in a flourishing condiiion, they brought -
them into Masada. Andjndeed these men laid
all the villages that wM^about the furtreas
waste, and made tba. whole country desolatsj
while there came to them every day, from all
parts, not • fa«» men as corrupt as themselves.
At that time all the other regions of Judca that
had hitherto been %i rest were in motion, by
m«ans of thairobbars. Now u It is in a human
body, if the principal part'ba inflamed, all the
members «ra subject to tha sama dutnn^r, so
by mean* of the disorder that was in the metro-
polis, had tha wicked men tbat were in the coun-
try opportunity to ravage tha sama. According-
ly, when everv;0ne of them had plundered their
own villages,lhey then retired into the desert:
yet were these men that now got together and
joined in the conspiracy by partica, too amall for
att army, and too many for a gang of thievea; and
Ihua did they fall upon the holy placea,* and tha
citiea; yet did it now so happen that they were
sometimas very ill treated by /hose upon whom
they fell with such violence, and were taken by .
them as men are taken in war; but still theji^
prevented any further punishment, as do robbers, >
* By tb«sa »f* or It^t plmet, U dtatlnet fVOm cities,
must 'bo meant fnitiuckit, ot houttt •/ prttytr,oul of
cities ; Of which we find menj^n made in the New
Testament and other authors, t^ee Luke vl. 12 ; Arts
SvL 13, 16; Anti(|. B. xiv. cli. z.sert.iiS; his Life, sect.
M. /»fU4il«ya(r»|h-««cacJka7 Juv. iSat. iil. vcr Sta.
who, as soon as their ravages [are discovered,]
run the'ir way. tior was there now any part of
Judea that was not in 'a miserable condition, as r
well as its moat eminent city alao.
3. Thess things were told Vespasian ^y de-
serters; for although the seditious watched all
the passages out of the' city, ind .destroyed' all,
whosoever thay were, that came thither, yet
were there aome that had coijicealed, tbeuiaelvea,
and when tb*y bad fled to thaJRomaiga, perauad-
ed their general to come to their cily'suaiatance,^
and save the remainder of the people; inform-
ing him withal, that it was upon account of tha
people's good-will to the Rq^nans that, many of
them were already slaiK,abd the survivors in dan-
ger of the same treatment. Vespasian did indeed
already pity the calamities ih»se men were 'ib,
•nd U'ose, m appearaace, as though he was going
to besiege Jerusalem, but in reality to deliver
them from a [worse] siege they were already
under. However, ha was obliged first to over-
throw what remained elsewhere, and to teave
notbing out of J'erusalfm behind him, that might
interrupt bim in tbat Iti^ge. AccordiDgly,;«ha
marched against Gadar*, the metropolis of P<h!
rea, which waa • place of strength, and entered
that city on the fourth day of the month Dyatrw '
[Adar;] for the men of power had Mnt an em-
baasage to him, without the knowledge . of tha'
aeditiuua, to tr^at about a^surrender; which they
did out of the desire they had of peace, and for
saving their eflEects, because ^any of the citi-
zens of iiadara were rich men. This embaaay
the opposite party knew nothing of, but discover-
ed it as Veapaaiao was approaching near the cityi
However, they despaired of keepioK pouessioa
of the city, ■•• being inferior in nuinDerto their
enemies who were within the city, and seeihg
tlie Romans Vera near to the city; So they re-
solved tofly, b4 thought it dif honors^ to do
itwithout shedding some bIo6d, aiid revenging
themselvea on the authors of this surrender; so
they seized upon Doleaus, (a panon not only tha
first in rank and lamijy in tbat city, but one that
seemed the occasion ofaending such an. embas-
sy.) and stew him, and treated nisdaad body after
a barbarous manner, so very violent was their
anger at him, and then ran out of the city. And
as now . the Roman army was just upon them, tha
Thay ware iltnalad somallmaaby the side* of riven,
Actszvi. 13, or hy the seaside, Antiq. B. xiv. eta. 10,
sect. 23. So did the se^nty-two interpreters go to
prayer every morning b* lb* sea-aide before they went
10 iheii work, B.ii). cta.l|. sact. U,
Dcofilc of (indai
ful Hrcliiiimtioii'
curity ut' bJMi
horseniiMi anir
thii excurtiaiix i
. wall, they hiid |
desireil tlirm »i
jfivtt (hem B'liiii
peace, ami thai
, not now iimki^ H
' 4. Aud now
those thiit liiid
dred horaeinen
while hi: return
rej^l of the arm
saw the liorseiii
their barks, ui
fighl, tliiy rnii
which wn» colli'
great iiiultitu'lc
■ partly by tlnin
' rashly aud i>ud<
troops I hilt wen
the lir/t onset ^r
anticetlieiu furl
had drntvn tliei
pose, thiy iiiiidc
round, niul ihri
< horsriiun cut i
'while the footle
^ against them; t'l
show their rnu
for as lliey fel
, were jdliic'd elo
cd about u'ith tl
able to Ami nuy
(er, iVor wen; tli
ranki*, ivhile tli
by the. Koniiii (I
beas^Sf rushed u
so'souie iif tlici
their euiuiirs'
others jverfcdis)
5. Aiow ^iic
them 1^1 theifcillij
and rHiisiii;; hln
• that side of th
. theiii, ami at llir
■ their diirts, nui
thitt were nenrr
that H-ero fnrihe
were in, till at; li
brake tiiruugii i
Wall of the villu
ed the wall wen
they riiuldi n^>t
those (hilt cKuic
'; o*vn people (ha
- they alioiltd aditi
' with them, whii
as they were crc
. Roman hurseinc
them. Ilowevr
. and shut the gn
, sault upon then
it was (liirk, lie
the wall, aiid of
the' useless niuli
that wehMiiorc
plundered the h
As for those tha
r^d up suchas:
'derating their o
"That tli<! wtmle I
th^ni, they put
side; so they go
fled to Jericho,, I
could iifford the
a city (hat had i
tud»-of iiili.ibitd
upon his horscin
followed them, i
far as Jordan:
'la
\.
.BOOK IV.— CHAP. VIII.
^■:
mil
ntoftle offinilara iiitniittrcl y< i^mtKiii with jo,v-
lul Rrcliiiimtioiifi. niicl nrrivcil tViiiii liiiii lli«; nV-
curit)' ut' lilwiKht lianit, ni iilim « )("''''■'">■>. o(
tipnt-iiUMi aiiiT rouliiMii, (<> Kiniril tllriu iiKiiin>('
Ihii cxciirtiuiiH of tliR niiiii),'iit<'»; for «i^l«^«ln'ir IIm'. iiict'siiitv ihr i^llirm nrri* in. pi'u\-u
. wall, lliiy biul pulKil it •luiviilnfun- itm-KoiiiniK l'> hiuapl h[ I)ii|iIi', Ixniiiati thtri' wun
drsircil (lini> •'> lixlo, lliiit thi) iiiiK''' lli'rtliy
j;|r« (liriii BMiiraiu-ii ihiil tiwy wire l()t«ert nV
peai'r, anil tlial, il' they hiiil li iiiind, tht^jr could
, not iiuiv iimkiMvnr iiKiii'iiiil Ihtin,
• 4. AuiJ now Vct|iHiiiiiii mnl I'lnriitut ngninit
thoin thiit had fleil IVoin (iaijara, wrlhj^n liUH-
dr«cl horacinrn, anil ihrci' lhoiiiHn(| ronlnirn,
wbik- III! ri!t»fn«cl hinimll' In Camarca with the
rcj^t ol" the army. Itut ni soon ai tlitae rnKiliv«i
MW the horai'inpn that |iiir»UMl Ihcni jiiat upon
Ihtir liarki, and brfuri' lli«y i:hin« to a clote
fiehi, thiy ran tiiKitliir to a irrtiiin village-,
wliich wa» called llirthrnnalii'iii, where bmliiig a
(fre'at inultitU'lc orynuni; nivn, and anniiiK thlui,
partly liy lIuirownconM'nt.pnrllv hy (urtf, thay
■ luhly and !>uchl<,idy a^wiultvd liaridMi and lfi«
lrun|» that wirt' iViih iliHii. 'I'lii je horMiiKin at
the mvt onsit (,r:ive way u lidli-, as coiilrivin); to
•ilticethtui I'lirllirr Olf the waU. and when tlit'y
had drawn tlienh into a plnieoA for thvir iiur-
pone, th«'y made their liot-'enira'i'nriinipasf tlii'iii
. round, and threw Iheirdart^at Hum. So th*
' homenien cut oil' i}u'. flight of the fu|;itive>,
trhilo the fijot terriljly destroyed those thai fuughl
D icaiust them: for those Jews did no more thnii
show their courage, and then were destroyed;
for as they fell ji|Kin the Konmns, wjien 'th«^
, were joined close logelher, iuiil, as It were, wall'
cd about with their entire armor, they Were iv>t
able to, (iuil any place where the darts conld en-
ter, rtor were they any way aide to break their
ranks, while they were theutaelvcs run IhroUKh
by the. Koniin darts, and, like the wildest of wild
beas|s, rushed upon llie^ points iif others' swords ;
w'jMinie iif theni wen' destroyed, iis cut willi
their eiiiinies' sWords iiiniu' their face*, and
be horsemen.
whole nmllituile lo the river tide, where Aiejf
wen; slu|ipi;d liy the current, (f.ir it had beat
uiiKim nied l.itHy bv raiiis, aj||d was Hut fordable,)
he put hii nidilieri {u array iiv^r "K"''*' ''■''"''*<>
vMked Ihein
no place
whither they CDid.l (lee. They then rvtendrd
thrniselvl'H n >ery ((nHt way aliin;;,!!* hahks of
ttt« river, and suntutiied 'the darts that wer«
thrown at them, as Well n» tile altiicki of the
horiiemen, who beat niaiiy of them iiixl pusht'ii
them iyto the rurreilt. At whii li linlit, hiirtd to
hand, fil'tti n thiSisand of theni wi.Te •Imu, whil*
the uuuibir of those thint were unwillin|r|y Ciicvd
to leap intii Jnhhoi nai prudiKiuu*. There wicro
besiiks, two tmiHsand and two hundn<( taken ,
prisoniTs. .\ iiiuhty prey was taken also, eon-
lislinKof asses, and vieep,°and Cainels, and oxen. ^
*. Now tltisdestrurlioiith'at fell upon the jews,
as it was not inferior, to any of tliJr n'st in itself,
lo dhl it still ajipear (i^reater tlii|n II really was,
and thisi beeaus* ni>t only the whole country
through which they lied was filled with slaughter.
\
others wert ,d is|M'rsed by -ton
5. Aow I'lacidus's concern was to e\clud<
theoi rji theifciflight from getting into the village;
■nd causing his 'horse lu uiari'h cnntinuidly on
. that side of then>. he 'then tiinyd sliorl upon
. them, ami at the same time his uien nfade use of
• their darts, and easily took* their nini at those
thitt were nearest to tlw^ni, as they wade those
that were farther olf turn buck by tile terror they
Ifrerc in, \\U ad last the most courageous of them
brake thruufch those horsemen, and /led to( the
^all of the village. And now thost; thsU guard-
ed the wall were in great doubt what to do; fur
Ihey^eiiuldi nM bear the thoughts of^exdudi^ig
,, those that cayie from Uailnra, b<\Sause.of 'iKrir
I own people that were among tin in; lind y(H if
'r they should ndndt then:.: they expected l» perish
' with them, which came to pass accordingh'; fip
as they were crowding Ingi'ther at ^he wail, t|c
:.. Roman horsemen Wert; just ready to/.dl in with
them. However, the guards prevenh'd them
. uid shut the gates, when I'laciilus ina<le,,,en.-a<i-
Mult upon them, and "tight iiig <;puragcou»ly till
il was dart, he got possissjoii of the people tin
the wall, aitd of (hini that were in the city,\tthen
the' useless multitude were destroyed, butlhose
that wehMuore potent ran awW, and the soldiers
ptundered the houses, and sit the village on fnre.
At for those that ran out of the village, they stir-
red up suchas werf in the country; and eiag-
"xerating their own calamities, and' telling tfiem
'That the wtHde army of the Humans ivere upon
thitni, they put them into ' j!;reat fiiar on «^verv
•id«; so they got in great numbers tiigether, and
fled to Jericho, for they knew no other place tliat
could iiU'ord them any hopf of i sc.ipitijf, i( Vi.i.ig
and Jordan couh) not "be passed nverliy rtatonof
tlk' dead bodies tlail were'iii it, but beciiuso the,
lake Asphaltitis was also full of dead bodies, that
were carried liowii into if by the river. Ami now,
I'hicidus, after this good' success tliat lie.had had,
fell violiptly upon the neig;lilioring siiiajler cities
anirvilluges; when he took Abda, anil Julias.
Itezi'mi)lh,.and all* those that lay lis far as the
lake Asphultilis, and put such of ihe deierten
iiitu each uf them us he tho|ight iiroper. .. He
then put his soldiers onboard tiie ships, nndjijew
such as had lied to tlie la^e. insDiiiuih, that all
t'< r<a had either surrendered Ihiinsdlvrs, urwuro
4lbkeu by the KoiiAhm, aa far as Macheru*. ^ '•
CHAP. Vlli.
lIowA'ta^lltiim, «pon hearing of some Commtt-
1i(fis in (lall,* made hatle It) finish the Jtwish
"V- "rl Ohcripliouo/ Jericho, and i if the
.(ireal I'lain; teilh tin account besides if the
- J.mkf slsphaltitis. <
■ ' V ■ "^ ' -
} I. Is th<« mean time an account came, that
there were coiumotions in (iall, and that A'index •
together v»ith tlie iiivn of potvtr in that couJi-
try, had revolted ffoiii ISero; which nD'ajrls iuoro
accuriilely described' elsewhere. 'I'liis report,
thus rehiled to VespasiaUt exrtted hliU' to go on
briskly with the war: lor he foresaw already thd
civil wars which were coiiiin)^4upo.n thefii.' nay
that the very governuient was in danger; and he
thought, if he could first reduce the-eitslern parts
tif iliejempire tO peafe, he should make tlii; fears
for Italy the lightef ; while therefiire Ihe'winter
was his liinderani-e, [from going into the liehf,]
he piit garrisons into the villageii and smaller
citii:8 for their sfcurity; be put derurioiis'also
into the villagiv and centiirirtns into the cities;
he besides thisjiuiltlnahy of the e,ities that had
lieeiv laid waite, but at the beginiiiiig of the
spHnj; he took the grea/test'|)8rt of his arnijr;and
'led*it from (!:esareataAiitipatris. where lie spent
two days ill settling the affairs of that city, and
llien.'on tile third ^lay. he marched on^ laying'
waste and burning al) the neighboring villages.
And when he haolaid waste idF^he platens ajiout
tlie liiparrhy of rhaninas, he pasjedon to Lydda
and Jainnia, and when both thcsTcitieshad cohie
him, he placed a great many of those that
h'^d'^mie itver to him [from other places as inha-
bitantsjVtherein, and then Value tq Kinnmui,
where n^jjized upon the passage* which led
tlienc'e to t%wr metropolis, aiid fortified his camp,
and, leaving Bie fifth legion therein, he came to
the I t M'aiihy of Hfthble|ihon . He then d e-
> city that had a strong wall, and si gri at ijinlti'
tudtKof inhabitants. But Placidus relying niiich
upon his horsemen, and his ionner goiid success,
followed them, and tiew.all that he overtook, as
iar as Jordan: and wlan he had driven the
-' ■ ■ ' 67. .
.^
stroyed that place and the neighboring places
by tire, and fortiticd at proper places the .strong
holds all about Iduniea; nud when he had seised
upoii two villages, which IR-re in the very luidll
-»•:?,©»■. Gelaila.nni) so erirjrwU*™. . _,
'■■■•■■'.V ■, 8u ;■ ■ ■ ■■: "
k..:
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1- ■ '
h'V^'. .
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■■■■■.
*
.^"^ -■■
510
AVARS OF TIIK JKWS.
•f "-"- "-=-'5 '!fj!^t^:^L!':j^ irtJiibt^'ti- T:^;r^:^r
•bout Uii lhiVu»»ni1 of thti |wc(|)lf, (iftd oumiu
into rwilivily i»l>ov* » llio«»«ncl,1\ml ilriivo «*»y
tlir rink-if lli«» niultilmli'. ami |ili|cnl no *mM
ptrt of b?» own f»rct» jn tll«ni, who overrBii iiiiil
Ulil w«tlf Ihr wtioU' iiiounlainouiciiiiiltry! »vliil«
hsAvKh thr riM of hit forc(« riliiriilil la hiii-
m»l>t, wtuin"' li«! t»ni« down Ihroi^nh th« iunn-
Irj of Siimiiri»,*nil l.nnl by Oi« ^\U by pllwri
emilwl NtBiK.li«. (or Sicli. i«,) buthy th^lwoiJe of
ih*t country MiiborlliB.toCurin, wh«re he |>itrh-
•d bit ciinip^in th« «tcond d»y of the month
P«ila* TSivmi:] und on Iho day followiug h«
Mine to Jericho, on w»ich dny Tn»)nn, pn« ol hi«
«oniniiindtr», joihtd him with th« force" h«
bro«Kht out of I'ereii, ull th« pUcei beyond Jor-
d»n beinif iiibduid iilr<!iidy , . •
3. HcreuiMn • great multitude prevented Iherr
■ •nptpaeh, and c«mo out of Jericho, nnd fleil to
tnoiO niounUinouii parH Ihftl lay oY.r ngBiniit
JeruiKlMi, while Ihiit part which wtt» left behiml
w» in a ffreat |ncB»ur« dettroyeth rhey b1««
found the city dcnolulc. it isjltnated ui « plain,
but a naked and barren mountiiin, of ii very^^Wt,
Itrttrlh, h«nc« over it.which extends it«ll to t!l^
land about Srylhopolit uorlhwanl, but a« tar i»
' the country of Sodoili, ami the utnloitt limitu o^
i . --i
• the lake Atphultitis miuthwilrd. I hiH mouBtiiin
ii ail of it very uneven and uninhabited by rti»-
ion'of in barrcnneM; there |» an Op|«»ite nioun.
Uin that i» «itUBte4 over againit it, oti fbc othi|r
tide of JordsinV'lhii la«t begins at Jilhas, and
the northern qu»rter9, and ^xtundii it»i If «<jutli-
waVd as far al tjomorrhon,» whiehii* the bounds
of Fetri in Arabia. * In this ridge of niounluins
there is one called the Iron Mountain, that ridH
'm length as fafJis MoMb, ; Now ihf! r<j!ioij that
.liM in, the middle littweeii this ridge of moun-
tains, is called the Great Plain; it rear^s'^lroni
the village of (iiitriabrit, as far aS Ih^ lake^ .A«-
nhaltitiSi.its length is two huhdrcd'and thirty
Furlongs, an.l its l>feadth a hundred and tweiilv.
Mid it IS divided iii the midst bv Jordan. It hath
twolabesin it, that oOAsphaltitis, and that.of
TVberiS, whose nbturcs arc, oopositf to each
othe»: for the former n tall nnd luifriiitful, but
that cFf Tiberias is sWeel and fruitful, This plain
wmucb burnt up in.suiuiuer lime, imd;1)y rcdson
of the eitraordinary heal, contains a very nil-
' wholesome air; itis all dextituie of wafer rxctpt-
■ - Ihe river Jordan, whiilh wotet of Jordan is
V those plantations Ol p«lni-lree»
■^ inks are more (luurjahiny^nd
„ riM are those that ar,e remote
HouritAing or- fruitful. • ,
ling' which, there i? a fouBtnui
l|ii!4 pleittiridly, and is very fit
fgtuun^ ;*lt arisen neaf the ojd
.i-wyb the son of Nun, the gtneral
u, „., ..«„.'ews, lijqk the first of all the citils of
file land of Canaan, by rip^ht of war. Thft re-
.port is, that tliis fountain, at llie bcgiiming,
caused not only the hlasling of the earth ami
the trees, tint of the childr. n born »)f women,
and that it was entirely of n sick and corrup-
tive nature to all things Whiitsoiver, but that it
was made gentle and very whulesohiu and fruit.-,
ful by the proi.liet Eli^ha. This prophet was («%
"miliar with Klijah, and was his successor, whS,
when he once »v.>s the guest of the people of _J6-
rkho. and the men of the 'p-b"^' •>»" treated him
»ery kindly, he both made them amends as well
••the country, by a lasting favor; for he went
outof the city to this fountain, and threw into,
iheiXUrrent nil earthen vessel full of salt; after
whicfi he stretched out his rightcou* hand unto
h e a ve n, and pou r ing out. a i ni l d drinkoflonng . he
•Whether thta SomorrhOn or. Homorrnh ouRhtnotto
iK! here wriltrnfiomorrah. as seme *!«« '" *ni«nn"
have it, (Ibr the |i are meant l>v Jo-cplnn seeiim to Ih-
hear Pcgoror /oar. at the very soulli ol tlm DciHl «e.i,
bard by which stood Bodum andUoinorrah.) cannot now
l,« mollHitd,' In.l that the vein, of lr..l. walef
might be oneiud; that tiod iil.o w.)mM bring
ihtolheplaiea more tiiiipernte anil f.rlil..nri
f.ir thecurriul. uml would liesinw upon the jmo-
pie of ihat country plHil;' of ll'" Ii"'!/*, "J «l"> »
earth, and a .uc.is.ii.ii of ehihlrrn; and that hi«
piolillf water might niver fail Iheu] wh"'- »!"•>
lontinued to he righte,m.."t 'HB» » '[ P"')'"
Klisha joined proper operations oT his harnl*. al-
ter n skilful manner, luid rhaiigiil Iho f.miilafli;
and that water, which hail l« eii the oci'inion,ol .
barrenness and famine b« foi-e, frdiii thai tiiiie djd -
supiily a numerous posterity, iftid afl.-nl great .
nbumlanre to the .ountiy. Ar'-'l-ngly, the
m.wer of ii is so great in w'-t«fing ine gr<.tAid.
that it it do but once loucli a country, it aUorils
a sweeter nouri.himiit than other waters .I..
when thev lie ^o long upon iIitui till they are sa-
tiated Kith thrm. Por wliich r. asiin, the ailvaii.
taer Kaiii«d from otb.:r waters, when th.y lo*
in ernit plenty, i^ but small; whdelhat of
■^t»nl.<r is gh-jil, when it Hows even in little (piiin-
litie.: acrordinsir, it jvateis a larger snace of
Eroundlhaij any other waters do, and pa*«t»
alirtiK » plaJft of sevrntv furlongs long, and^,^,
twcntv broad; ttliereiu it afl.)rd« nonrishm.nt
to tho»e most cVitllclvl, gardens, that are tliirk ,
set with tr«'e«. fhi^re, (iri; Ho il ina«f »Wt* ol
nalin-trees tlii.t are watered By it, ilifi(;««t <!*«
i-ach other in t.iste awfl mime; the Tiiflter sort ol .
iheAi. when thev are pressed, yield an exi'""'"*
kiml Of lioucy, not iiim-h inferior In swe.tiM.ss to
Qth.r'hniiev. 'rhisconntry withal produce* Im-
iiey from bi'i s; it >d»o b.ars that bajsaiii whicli i« ,
the ni')»t precious ol' all the fruits in that phiie,
h pi< «1 trees also, ami tho^ thai iM^ar niyn.lm- r
laiium; »i> tlft fie who shobld .pronoHiue this .
lilacc to be divine, would «ot be mistaken, whiw^'
IH is such plenty of trees protluced. as nr*- VJ"
rnrc, ftild of the' most exnlleilt sort. And imllJr.l.
if we spink of thosd Other fruiti. it will not be
firtsv to light oil any climate m the habiUible
earth, thnM-!in well be compared to il._i*liati-,
here ».)ivi-d coiiiis uii in sucji *lu»tc*s; the CiiiiM:
of which seems to me to b« the i<v>riiith of tho
Virv Biid the fertility J)f the water,; thewarmlli
calling forth the sprouts, ami iiiafcBig then!
spread, and Ihe mnistHre making evert o.ie'ol
.them take root firmly.. and supplyuHg that,virli|C
which it stands in need of in summer time., i>n«
this country is then so badly burnt up. thftt iiu
fewlv cares to come nt it, nnd it the wal*;r bi
drawn upbefore sun-rising, and after that eivm
ed to the air, it becomes cxcewlmg C9ld, nnd.bc
conies of a nature nHilc contrary to the auibien
copies Ol II lin\ui^ ,|,.,iv —^ J -- - . 1 . •
air; as in winti-r again it becomes warni;«ml n ,
yon go into It, it appears very gentle. Ihe Htai ;
bient air is hire also of so good a temperajiirt
that the peofJeof the country are clothttl ili
linen onlv..evCn:jWlyui snow covers tne^Jf^'," , ^
Judea. ' 'jhicidane is one hundred amI'fiUy "i \
longs from Jerusalem, nnd tiwij /roiu Jor(laij|>
The country as fiir as Jerusalem rs desert an i i
stonV! but that i«s far as Jonlai* aiid ihe lake Aj- \
phiirtitis lies lower indeed, though itJic fnuni !. \
desert artd barren. But soMUUCh shall sj^lbce t : : >
have been said tibbut 'Jericho, and of the grei t: ^
happiness of its situation. .,...• i J
i' The nature of the lake Asphaltitis is a o
worth describing. It ,s. a» I have said alrert. ,
bitter and unfruitful, It is so .ighl ["' »n"''|
that it° bears up 'the heaviest things that at
thrown into it; nor is it easy for any one to mnl c
things sink th'erein to the bottom, Jf he Had a
mind so to do. Accordingly, when Vespasi^J
went to see it, he commanded that some wM
be certainly determined, hut aeeBiihy nomeani jn
*"? Thlsi xrellent pfnverofF.lisha Is wantlnein on* r< -
n,„,akMi.... li -.il.'AMl oueli ftl.efiferreilloal»li> r
A|K>sloliral t'onstiiiilioin, B vii rli. ijivii anil n f
success of It IS iiicntloncil in tlivm all
governiiifnt, ;ii
affairs to thoHi
BOOK iv—CllAPr IX;
017
mighf
nniir
lirliij^.
!•■. lyii
I' iiii).
Ill (III)
■t tliia
. {Ufj
n«j<rf
■In, «f'
iitiiili;
i(ir>j,o( .
lie iljd
gtcnt
)•. «h«
allonli
r* (III,
nr» mi-
■ilviiii.
of llii)
(jUIIII-
wv llf
>hn>i nt ■-' '
K lliii-k
Wt* ul
it'fleSjfl
.»orl (It
ii'i'lli'iit
llWHH 10
ir<« liM-
fth'uli ii
t phiif
iiyr"''"
h'i' tliu
jtvlllWT
!«•, VI'PV
iiulyi '.
I not lit-
BlliUlllU'
i\liiit i'i
IC CllllfC
[» of ill'!
warnitti
ig yiPir.
Olllf'lil
liVirliic
.c.\ Mo.«
thftt no :
vaRr III :
It ciUvos
, nniKbc i
wiiblrii ;
i;«iiiUl
I'he hill
iicratiin
'othftl Sl
! rcrt
tifty l'iii\
jQrdiir ■.
laert ftni
Inki" Ai-
F. fiiunll (
SJjrtlCI' t ?
;he grei t
it U nl Of
I alrciVil i
or thiol 1
that ai
to mnl c
he had n
V^opasiJ (i
opie wl
cbuld not iwiin, ihoitld havi- tlirlr haiidji (iind lif •
hind tliri|i^ uiid Iw thruwii iiiln the ilri'|i, wliain
It no liiipynnxd lliiit Ihry nil mviiii, ii4 it' n wind
had fiiri:ed(hriu iipnrnrdii, Morrimt'f, iliii rhaiii^ii
of'lliu color <if tliit Ukr i« iviiiid«rt'ii|.. lor it
rhuiiKf* itn •iinraraiirj' tbrii'i', i vi ry day.iimliiii
th<< THyn of lb/ lull full dilliriiilly u|io'ii it, Ihv
tight it vitriouily ri Ib'i'U'd. Ilriui'vir, it i^mlt
ii|i bluok clod* of liitiiim-n iii iiMiiy iiiirti iif it;
tliC«ii awiiii II* Ihr lo|i of |hi' wiili r, iiiid rii'iii-
bje both ill kbiipii «iiil hi;riiin« bniillixi liiilU;
ami Hrbi'ii the litlnrn i/tbut li<|iiii;|; t<> llri^ lukii
colli* to it, iiiiU catrU lioM of l( hi it hiin^j;^ Uif(i<-
tircr, tliry <(r»iv iliiilo llicir aliiimrbiil nJiiii ihi-
•llip is full( i( iv hilt' < :i>y <'• <'iit <ilV iIk' ri .1, lor
it ii »o t^iiai-ioilt IK to 111,'iki' tlii' xliiii Iiuok iipi^ii
ill vliiiil* till tbt'y tcliil loom- witb tlii' iiii'ii<trii»l
litwiul of wiiiiK'ii, and with iiiiiir. I<i »liirli iilnaii
itjUiUU, Thi'< liitiiiiii'ii ia not mill ihi lit! for the
;^uikiii|; i»f •lii|i«, liut for tln' cunt iif'nii'n'n
'hallirn: ai-c^rdriiKly it ra iiiixid iii ii f(vfnl inaiiy
iiiidiriiifn. 'i'li<- Ifiivib of tbii -liikr i* tire aitn^
(Irid and' i>t);lity liiilon||(ii, tviiiri' it in t'Kti'h'iliid
■« liii- at ZoAr in Ariibia, liiid iin iirt'iidtii it ii
huiidrt'd mill lifly. 'i'b« loiinlry of Soiloiii bor-
di'rs iijioii it.» It Whs of nbl ii niont bamiy land,
both lor ibi- friiilK it bore and tliii riohra-of its
citii'Ki ultlioiigli it bti now all,liiirnt up. It i« ni-
Utt'd how, for thit inipiutyof it* iiihabitlint*, it
Tif rlli'niit, hi* unworthy frrrdnif m (Ad how hn
liau n plot laid itKuinal liini iiy ibini.iuid wa* i\t- /
•rrird lit all III* Kiiiiri|>, anil ran mvay with fouf^
of hill nioat iruaty fri'i'dnirn, iind itcw hiin|#h
in thi •iihiifU* of'ltonii'j ami how tbou' thai or-
ratitinid bi* dralli wrri" in no lony tiinn'bftiUKht
lhfMi*«ln«lr) pniiiabnii'iit ; how ijao thi^'war in
(■•nl emlrd ; and liow (inllm wa* inndn «intjH'r0r,f
and wturnnliint of Spain to Koiu^l and how h«
WB* arriKi'i)' by llir toldiir* aa u* |iu«irianiinnu«
pcranii., and aliiin Tiy Iri'ac-hi'ry iirtlir niiddli' of
the iiiarkft-pliiiu' ^t- Hoiin-, and Ollio wai iiiade
< inpt'mri with hi< fHfU'ditinu «|;aliMt thi' com-
iiiaiidrr* (if Vitillina, and |tf* d(->trii<'tioii ihrrr-
upon; and biaidi* nliat Iroiihl)* Ihrn' were
iiiidi r Vilrlliii*, anil tin- tt^lil tbiit/v^a iliont fh«
rRpllot; »a alao Im>w An^oiiln* Hriiiiu* niid Mn-
I'ianii* ati'w Vitrlliiiii, niul hi* (ii''rinaii liKimii, '
and tlirri by put ai> end 1'^ that civil wiir; I havn
oiiiilti'd to Kiy)' nn I'lact account of thcni, br-
caiiNc tilt y arc Midi known by all, aiul tlirv arc
t1r*rr»hcil by n prrnt niinihcr of tlrcfk unit Ro-
man autlioi'ii; yil for lh« aakr of thu coiinrxlou
off lattcra. and that iiiyi hiitory niay no,t be inro-
hcntiil, I bavic jital loiichi'd upon e«rry Ihinjf
liriclly. VVhcrt-forc VctpaaiaiTpirt off at tir«t hi*
rxprdilion against Juru^alcnyifnd atnnd waitini;
whither thu rinplru wonld/lie triin«fcrrcd after
the ilcatltor JVcro. MiJmivcr, when he hearil
aabiirut byji;(blnlnj(;.iii coiiH'iiueiicc of whuftt'.thni <inlbn wa* made rmperor, h^ alteniiitcil
. «... ..Ill ii. ......?..;... 1- ..... '.I ... i--._ -iT -■ • . .111.* i . ii' .1,. i' A
there are itdl tiie rcinaiiKlei'a of timt divine lire,
and the tracea [or aliadowiil of the li»e citii ■( lire
•till iobu Hi^eii, UH ncll u* the ashe* KTOiviil)' in,
their fruiti, which fruit* have a inlor i>< if tlii'v
were til to lie i uteii : lint if you jiluck lloni <^illi
jrour haiida, they dianulve into anioke and afhcn.
And thua what i» related of thin land qfSudSni
hath tlicae iiiarka of C|pi|dibility which out "'-'t
*'ij;htall'ordi>u*. j^ ., ♦ i
Oil A!'. IX. -
That I'eiiiatian, fifrrr he hail taken ( iailtttp.nijiJt
I'rtfarnlion/ 'c Siegi; i/Jiriisalnn. , Hut
_ Omit, iipiin his I hiif iifihe lltath iJilJ\''ro,ht
cliiuii^eil his Intt.Uuiii. Wj «il»o cun ^rning
Simon llf Ocrasa.
} I. AM) nowV'eapasian li;id I'ortifipd all the
place* round abuu^ Ji rliaidelo, iind encteil cita-
ijrla at Jericho Jind Adiila, and placed |i:irriann«
in them liotli, partly out ol' liia mwii Koriiaiia, aiul
partly out of the liody of hiniinxiitiirii s lie alao
"uent l.uciu* Aimiiii 1 1 (iera-a, and di lirered to
him u boily of Iioim men, aijl a cuniiilenibli^
iiuiiiber oC foutiiii n, So when be had taken the
city, which he did al the lir^t 04i>< t, lie aleiv h>
thouaawlof tlioae yoiiii^: iii< ii who hiid not iir*^
veiili il hiiii by llyiii^r inv.i\ : bat fie I i.jk,tlM ir
families captive; and pi roiilleil iiis -iij.^l1i;n lo
plunder tliein of !hi ir lilicts: aldr ivhich lie ai't
lire to their Imiusis, iiml i^i m »«,»< to Ihc ad-
juiniiii; village*, whih' the iiienul power lied
away, and (he Htiikic, p^ait xvete di stiuyicl, and
what wa* r> uiaiijin^ wi^ iilKliurnt down. .\nd
now (he war Inuin^; !i;oiieyrhr.iii(;li all (li
taiiiTp
tho.se
the lilierty of (Coiiisf^Jiitof the city; fora>(o<iuch
I had a UhikI tci/ili;
K Illl4e alao ihould fend hiiA*toin<i dir
iiioitl the
/«% wintt/r
before
■A-
low the war Inuin^; si^oiie^lr.iiiHi all tin' ^noun-
aiiftius coiinlry, and ijlf^tlie phiiii coiiilti'yl also,
hose thai vveii- at .I/Tiisaleiii weic (le'iiivcd <d
Xh^i't, they were .wvatclied by
the zeal. its,! aivifdi sfich n» were imt yet on (he
aide of till koigrans, their tiriiiy ke'pt tln-iii in, by
6Jli:0ni|iaasin);/the city round about on n|l aideK.
.2. ^ow as/Vespasian uas ntiirnrd to ('a'aarea,
and was );ittin;; ready with idl his army tomarci)
directly to Jirusalein, he wa- inrorineil that
Nero ftas dead,, utter hi? had ri i'.'ued thirteen
yearn and eijiht days; but as In any narriilioii-
aftec Uliat niannir he abii-ed iij.. pciwi r in the
gnf,.i'Mliirnf, :>ll.l i-i ill,'d 111.. m-ili;.[ri.iii..itl nf
•Ifaira lo those vile nretchi.a, .\Miiplii<liuii and
♦ fd-e (lie note till B. v,»ir.xili. siri. n. «
' tor titeae Koaian .'ttndrs anil tiiiiiiilis unil'-r (inllin,
Otho, and Vitel'.iiis, here only loartieil- iipiiii liy Jusiv
^i|iiiee 'XVitii;, l^vtuiiiuH, aiid D.lu luoro l{it|py.
U
"({«^-
niithini
iTona aliiiiK the war; however, he ai^it hi*
'I'itiia to hilil, (o aiilule him, and to t'lCrive
coiiinianiU about the Jew*; . Upon the ve
errand did kin^ A;rrippn tail iilon^ with Xftua lo
(iirtbn; bhi a* they were *ailiiiK in ll)4M
aliipa bv thcCoaat of Arhiii, fur it
Time, tlxy heiird fhai (iulbu wa*
tlu-y coidd pel lo him, after he had/Vei,
iniiutha'and a* many (lav*. After wlinni Olh
iooj^lhe |;overnnient,'.iirif und^took the iniina^
iiunt of publii! ntliiira. SoX^rippu re*Hlve(^|tJ
«Ko iiii to Konie, Wilhoul a|r^ termor on aCroOj^ ' i*
^he chniij^e in the pive^Mnient; but Titus, by a
mvjliw inipulae, aailedyHack from (ireece to Syria,
uiKJf canie in ifreql hitsts' to ('aaarea, to hi* father.
And now they wt;re both in Mii*pe«<e iilioiit the
pnldic altaira, t|ie Kiiinan empire beiti|( (hen in a
llnctuatini;' CKudilion, aiid dii| not go on with
iheir expeduion a^aiiiat the Jew*i but lhon;;lit
/ibiit to Hinke any iittack upon foriii^nera was
luow i>nvi;naoiia|ile, on account of the aOlicitud)!
tjlucy'w'ere in forlhi ir oivn Country.
/^V^jtd now, there arose nnotlier war in Jelfu-
anlei)i^ There wa* a son of tiioru, one Sinton,
liv'Wrth oji'tieraaa, a voun)' man, not ao cunniii;^
indeed w Jidin [of (iiachiila] wild had alreadv
si-iwd iipiin the city, b^ anpirior in alren|;th oi
body and ciiura;{e; nn which account, when he
l|ud been dii\i;ii away from lluit Arrabattiiie
top;iri liy wliich he once liad^by -Ajianus the hijfh
priisi, lie caair t(^ those roliliers who had aei/i d
upon Masada, .\t l!ie first they ausfiected him,
and onl> -piTiiiitted biiii to vonii- with the woin.ia
lie liroiiiilil with hhli,.into the Imver jiart of I he
f(irtri-ss, while ttiey dwilfin the upper part of
it IheiiKilvea. However, his manner ao^ntll
a(;rned ,iVilh (hi ira, and he seiiiied ao trualy a
iiiaiK that lie '•Vint out with thini, and ruvn^;) d
aiid distroyid t^ie ciiiinlry «il!i them alioiit .Sla-
siida;yit when Ife persuaded lliiii \ii undertake
(frealer tliiir;;s, in- cnutd imtpr. mil with them to
to do; lo^nathey w'ere nccusloniedti dwell in
liint ciladi I, tItV y wii'i I'lVaid iif K"i»S far from
that which was their liidiii;r-pl ice; Imt he aireet-
ins'l'i l.vranni/i', and hi in^^ I'nnd nf f'rentnesa,
will n lie had hi ard "f tjie deiilh i.l' \ii,inu«, he
\
let'l til l
i d »' II I iii lo t ill tni i i i nlaih ma part "f
*
ll«!ieouiitry. Si he |miCj^,iiiiii il libi rty lo those
* ■ 1 ' ■
llowcviT, \^e iitiiv iili*TVC viMi'Old.na, that Jo*C|ihii*
writes the iiiiine i,l" Hie aeiiinij olVlhnin no! litio, witir
many nilii'ra, I'lil ' iitio, witif tlie coin^. i^cc alao Ilia
potconcli, jlj.aect._4, ___ . . ... ...
:■ ■■ ■■:■'■■■ ■ ■ ' ■ :''■■: .;■.-■ ^ -■.' ■ --> '
'W
»1»
/Avars of tub j^ws.
4'
f
In alavrrr, »nJ i i>ti»«nl In |ho«o Hfrrmly ffr<>. ■rtJ i ft>l'l mor« In nuMlMf lh»u *ih«| It W" ; Vtn
«0l«uKflhiT»M|ofwMll..lmrnl>oiii»lli|ii»r»..f». wtmh, lin .1. <t«r.iii«ly p<r.j|i'l..l Ihr i .>.iihmi..l-
4. Aiiiln» hr lt«<l ii.>wn»lri.i)|r,b.»l) i.f iiirn ' «•«! nihl lijf dmrrfi llw w i.il» ii.ulltlu<l.'. luTr.-
kb.iul tiiiu, Ur .(vrrrmi iti.' villnRf. ihiil lay ill | < .tve Simon, mid lo «""<•"<'" «"'" '•»"'• ««»♦•"'•
|liriuoiiilliiliinu»c;„iiiarv, dikI wl»n llitri! w.rii | liKiU ll|» «»►'•"'. »»rtlii)ilt M^WJK Ah<l «• He WM
•nil iiMiro «ml mori. thut c*ine «.• Iiim. h« v.ii- , .l"liiK llil*. Ii. iii»iti'il Si,«J|| by hi- iii. «. nj;»ri.
lur.«Hii K'xiuw" I'"" '•>'•'"'»•'' P"''" ""•""■"""•' »'"' I""™'"'' •>•"» •'» "'•P«"« <»" WM»"rt"M,
iry, midjim* h« »•« imw hr.oiiii- foriiiiilililr lo ' whirli lift prrformyl nix): m iij loon m (ll«r
Ih<t till", iniiiiy of till! iiirii of |K>wir Wfn- cor- 1 nrioy wuciiiKli iIki". Ixi lir.t <.f •ll g<>i "I"'" »"
ruiilril t»y hmi; •» tli"« hi« »""y w' »" '■"'K''' 1 •"'"" "'"' ""l.toK' «*" f »'"' »?^'' "**"' '"',''*'
ri.iiii)o«iul of .U«M ■ml rel.|.»r.. I>m » icrmt iimiiy | <;.iirrupt»<l ; liimipoif * l.rnir ftl u|i^ ll" lyliola
of Iho |iopul»<« werr obnIi.Bt lo him «• to Ihfir i iMUllitii<l<-, nml l)«for" H •»<>«' 'o, " <lo..' Imht,
kinr. Ilfl 111! II ovirr»ii Ih.- Arri.l.»ll.ne •■•pur- lh«y l.rokr thrir fiiiik», anil .very oiii. mtiriil lo
chv, witl Ihr pUcM thut rtm'ht'il ii« far » lh« hin owii'hoiiir.
tii'at l.loiiiiii; ior'h.' huili m wiill ul x i:«rliiiii ( 7. Ihu. iliti Siiiinn iiii.xpii-tr.lly nmrrh Into
villmio oiillf.l Nfciii. mill iiiiiil* u«> of lh«l h, h ! Miini.ii. wilhoiH lilooil.h. d, nii.l '4M<- u •'I'lilfn
lorlr«M fi.r lii« own pnrly '. ■rronu ; ami m Mo "H"' k opoii ihi. illy Hihron am\ lo.ik il ; »li*r*in
vullry inllnl »'»rag, hii .iilBrKf.l iiiaiiv of th« i li.' K"t poMr«ioii ol a (tr«»l •liml ol pri-yj bikI
lavri. ainrnmny oth<n III' foiiiiil r<»"ly fof hi> | pliio.l.rril itof a vii«l ipwntitv ollroil.
lonkiiiK lirniiiralioii* lor the miault of JpruKnIrni. | alltr hi> hail rcoiovid out ol M.^opotaiiim; and
. r. WliiTiuiHili »h«- I'lUoU, oiil of the dri ad lh( y lay, Ihal hi. po«lirily d.^iVmli'd Ironi
I'hcv w.rn in of hit nllackiiiK Hh- nd IxinK ih. iir.' into K.)fyp(, wl.o.n in.oiiiiii.iiU ar<' to Ihij
willinic lo prevent oh* Hint wan KroiviiiR op to v< ry time iiI|ohii hi llml mniill illy ; thu faoroj ol
oiiuo«elh«iii, "went -out nirain»t hilil wilii tliiir i which iimiiuoiiillH nni <d Hib iiloU excdji-pt
wiBiioni. Simon m. I lhtn». ami ioliiioK biittl.. marble, «ml wr.>"Khl iilli r Hic iiio-t ili'Kiint iiiaii-
with ihniii »lcw a ruii.idcTal.le iiuiiilx Af Ihcm. ' wr. Th.r. ih aU > tliirc .liowil, hI Ihi; di.liinrn
ami ilrove ihr ri-jl before him inly llif lily, but
' ilurit not trutt la iiiii''h upon hii fiirct't, ai <U>
make ail amault upon thr wulU; but hr rr«olvi'd
firit to itlbdiiu Iduiiira, amj »• h* had now Iwni-
IV lhoi|*iinirariiird men, he nmrchiHl lo llie bor-
. cirri of tht'ir country. ll«'r«'iipoii iho rillori of
thf Idunusins Rot Idxrlher on tlir fuddca ihc
mutt warlike part of their people', aliout twenty-
five tbousauii In number, iind permitted the rc»t
(O be n guard to their own country, by rya«on of
tlK>Wurki.>iiii that were iiiaj* by the Sicarii that
tvert BlMii.i ilii. Thut they received Siiiion at
their border*, where thry fought him,, and con-
tinued til)' brfttle all t^iat'day, and the diapifle luy
whetliiTlhiy had conquered him of beincyn-
uuered by liini. So he went back to Nain, an did
. llie Iduiiieanii return home. Nor wat it longere
SiniotLcanie violently »g«in upou.-their Country;
■ wheifne pilclied hit Camp at a Certain \illii({e
c«ile?il Thecoe, ami teiil KIraiar, one of hit com-
I lliuic that kept jrarritonat llerodluni,
... «ix lurloiiH* tnm Hie ciiy, a very hir^e tur-
pentine tree;* and re|«irt g;oe«, thut tidt Inii htt
continued tince Ihecrialionofthe world. 'I'litnre
di>4 Simon niaki! hit pro({eem over all Idiiiiiea,
and did not only ia<iii;e the ciliet and villijfiit,
iiiit laid watlii the whole coiintiv; for. buidet
lliDie that were lomplelrly urmeil, he hadrfiirly
ihiiiitand men that followed Him, iiitomucli that
he had not -provirtioni i iioiiji;li lo utillice iilch a.
nMillitiule. Now, bi:<ide< tint lyant of jiroviHloni
thai ho wat iu, ho win ol a biirbarout ditpoHltion,
aAd bore great linger lil Ihii nation, by which
meant it came to pasH that Iduoiea win (;r»Htly
depiinulaleil; and n< one loiiy tee all the woodt
briiind desjioilcil of their leavet by lociMlii alter
thev have been there, to wnt there licilhliiB left
beliind Simon't iiriiiy but a detert. Some placet
thev burnt down, tonie they utterly deiiiolinhcd,
iiuif whiiliioever (jfreiv in the countrv they either
trod it doi^n or f(,U upon it. and by their iii.uehe:!
they made the Kroiuid llnit iViucuUimted h;irdir
l»nion«, to tlio*c that krpl garriton at I leroduim, they iimile the (froiuKi iii.ii iviu r.ui.n > •> i. "■■ ". ■
anil in orili r to persu.ide them ti> turr. mier lliiit niifl more unlnic.liibl«_ thmi that whicii wiii. bar-
fortrett to him. The Rarriton received tliiit muu ren. In thoft, fWh- w«* m ijiRn rumiiiiiMiK ol
• fortrett to him. The garriton
readiiv, whil*- they knew nothing of what he
came about; but at toon nt he talked of the «iir-
reiider of the place, they fell npon hlin With t!ii ir
drawn twords,' till he found t>ia( he had no place
for llight, when he (hreiv himtelf down from the
wall irtlo the vaftev+X'aenlh; ,so he died iinme-
diatelv: but the t'ilumeant, who were iilreiiily
miich'afruid of Sinioii's power, lhrtii(clit fit to take
a view of the enemy 't nrm^, before they liatard-
ed a battle with them.
6. Now there wat one of their commandem
named Jncnii, who olTeriil lo serve them readily
upon that occusipn, but had it in hi» mind to be-
tray them. I!c went the,rel'ore fVoiii Ihe vilhif^c
Aliifus, wherein the nrniy of llie IdUmeant were
gotten together, ani] came to Si|iion, and at the
very lir«t he liRreed to betray hit country to hlin,
and took as'iirance't iipcyi oath from hiiii, that he
thduIUalwav' liave hiin in esteem, and then pro-
niited hiin t^nt he would attint him in tobduing
ail Iilninea under him; norm whicli account he
xra^ ffn«led after iin oliligiiiy iiiumier bv Si-
t '..J
■-^ -
^
■ ^ ■■
hone placet that had belli laid watte, that ever
linv had had a beinjj. '
1)' Thit «iicee»» of Simon excited the lealotj
afleth i and tlioiinh they were afraid to fi^ht hini
i.penlv ill a-filir battle, jel did they l«j aiuliinlieH
ill the piiKct, and seiitd upon hit wife, with a
ciMHidernble number of her atteiidantt; wheire'
upon thev ciiiHe back to the city rejoicing, at If
thev had' taken Simon himself captive, and v. ere
in preteat expectation th'nt he would lay ({own
\>'n nrmt, and make »u|inlicatioii to them lor hit
wife; but inslead of iiidulginji; any merciful af-
fection, he gr*w very iingry pt them for selling
hii Jjeloveil wile; so he came to the wall of Jtrii-
taleiii, and, like wihl beastt when they are
wounded, anil curtnot overlake those that wouml-
ed them, he vented his tpleen upon nil peimin ■
that he niet with. Accordingly he caught Jill
those that were conic 6«t of the city (jjatet, either
to gather herbs or sticks, who were unarmed
and in years; he tlieii lorniented tlieui ami i\t-
stioyedtheai, out of the immense rage l"'Avnt
yeryftuioiit in all t
■ jsfe? .. '
.r
mon, ami elev^ited bv hit mighty promises; 'and in, and wat ahiiost o any to taste no: verv ile^lv
when he was retunie.'l (o his own men, lie nt fir^t ] of their dead bodies, lie also cut oH the ItaniH
litlied thesiriin-'or Hinion, and said it wat mani- | of a great many, and sent them into Hie i ity to
♦Pomooftlie anrients call ililsfamntis tree, or crnvc. ' this day, ami Hint iiartirnlnrly for an^cniment mart nr
ah tat, ollicr«a »«rj.f n'mc tree, or miive, ll In™ ) ei,u niceibiK Of inefcliaiiU Hierc every year.at the Irayci-
- * - M the pa«l nget. aiiil isto. I .lUiiiiOJcai , erii l.nfbrm.itr ■- ' ^ ^ .
■Mlofliih hit t|j
Iieii|di' l.dl IiiMI
lad IHM ll lite H
\ alto oijiiiiied ll
twore b^.llie I
lliiii||i, Unit Mill
,^ he will brtjuk di
plllll»lllllenl .lipil
Hiiv Hge, nod >ti
lwe< 11 the guilt
•tlinilt ».! gredl
\M the 11 III lU
nile back to hii
and It II oil his I
V. Hilt now <
i^ut only o\i r J
(Ntllni was i>h)io
l;i I pli'iie; tin ii
I'ouglU I'l;; iliKt
alto, tiir ihe li ^
lint when he g,i
wlio W( re Vlt«
liuiil. lilllil Kl
tiny, but on lit)
had the lylifrt
'tlrw hioiselC, u
Mt LirKini, auil
■ iirtinrs* Hum" ui
aUo i'liiiii' liver
''lime himtell' (III
la the oil an iiin
tea, oil the lillj),
nud'onirched irg
werf> not yet o>
iiioimtaiuiins cyi
cliien that weri-
linlti lie liipal-ch
iiri^l r.phraiiii, tj
|Mit gnrrisims in
^all III. ill whii'li
iiMil lnall,\ eliptit
iniimlers, l.Mk a
iiiid laid viitfif
called Ihe 1')i|M
thrii, ivliieh pn l
it at Ho' lirst on
'attacked (/'aplni
had a vi ry slrm
apeiid 11 lung III
within opened
came lo beg iiai
lip to hifii. \VI
he went lo Iteli
have lidd ynu al
a iiiooillalnoiH
and when he ha
wluit iiiulliliiile
he slew, and bin
all the phices «'i
Matadiii and .M
nestioniif Ihe rn
Koiiiaii'. Ill pre:.!
10. And now,
ffiCf iiid recovi
turned back lo
driving (he nali'i
ti:rs, he ciiiiipe|
relin: to Jeiuva
alto to the eiiy
round again: a'l
bowrs Imit were
try, he slew thi
Kithout the wall
pit; Hum the U
iiiiiliils tvlio wei
Ihein tliuii both
nc (lilt the ml
rage [ofUohii] e
fur these fialile'i
made him very |
* Pueloniut ilill't
ami Ba\s onto pet
IoOUMia.:.i)eelli
A ■
/■\
\
x;
BOOK IV— TltAP. IX
iiiirt, AittI in iinlrr In iniilii' lliv
r>m
S|p< - -
liiilin wililioir, wnil <ii M'rl lti»«' ihiil
■Minfiiih liii
IKIIjill' l,ll| llli
lail III* II ilir micliiir* iif lit* Mil. • •I'jiiiri .. Itit
\ kIwi < lljiiili>'<l tlitiill l» li H lllr fn .ipli , llint <iiiiiill
«Mr»ri' ti).llir (•ml nl llu' iiiiitirx, »li.i iwt < nil
(liiil)|i. Unit unit •< tli< V Hill ti .1 iioliiiii trii IVll'i ,
,^ III- will lirtjuk (luwn llwirwiill, niul imUil ifir likr
|iuiii»liiiiriil .11)11111 »l| the I mil ii>, nlili.iiii ip.irifiK
iii« Hg<', mill mlU'iiii iMiikiiiii HiW (ll-liiii'lloii In ■
IWI'lll rill' KKlIlt Ull I llll' IHIIHiill'l. 'llixwthiiiil-
Mliii|l» •" (if'tify •iillri|:liU(l. ii.ji III)' |ii ,,|.|r ..iiU ,
itlU IIm' II III ila llll HIM Ix • lll.ii, llinl (III t 'I III lila
nil't bulk u liiiii, H III II III liii'itiiii' R luili iiiilf li r,
aiiil Ull "(Ihit |i»i|i<iiii,| M, Hill. 1,1 ii, tin;,,
V. Kilt iiuw •dlili.ii nil. I nvil Hrii> |ir>'M<iliil,
not only im r /iiiU n, liul In llali i.|.,i; i .r iii(iv
(i*llni wu« .L)iii in III) mill. I ,,i i),, \'.,,t„'.„ r-
ki (-(ili'iit'; tin II ini« Otlm niiiili ciii|iiiiii, .iml
I'dukIU MciiiKl \ III Illii4, i>h'i> •. I ii{i liir iiiiiii nil-
nUn, liir lilt' lii^imi. in < iinuiiii; Ij.i.l rlhi.in liiiii.
lint whin III' ^,|l,. liiiiili. 1,1 V lih n. iimlXjiiiitni,
wliu wi re Vltilliim'ii ((»ni nii«, m liiirnu inn ni
tiunl, lilllll Klilli'il till' lliltmilii-.-l;, nil llll' liiM
iluv, l|ut nil tin •ii'iinil ilu) \ti. Him.'. .iiMuih
liml tlir i()li»i» , mill Hilar tiinili -liMii^liti |- Ollii/
Mrw liinim IC, hIii'Ii he Iniil liiiifil ,it' |!ii. i|i i,n|
Ml lirKiiii, iiijil mil rill' li III lilllll I'.'i'.r llll' piilitir
■ iiUlfir^* iIii'm" nx'Ul'i't nil. I Inn il.ii .. tfilnr, HmM
,ilu> iiiiiir iivir In V ii< jjiy.', i:!!,.!!!., nn.l "tu''
'iiinrv liinui ll (limn |..i Itiiiiii' wlui (.►■.iiiun. lint
111 till' III! ml tinif \ < .jiii'iiin i'< in .m I Iriui < '.i'<>ji-
rin. un till' liri|),iliiy nl tin' nimilli M»:.iii-, ; Simii,]
iiliduinnliKl iH(»i"'l llinii'jil.ivi • III Jiiiim tvliii'li
wprf not )i't inrilliriiivil. !jo III' im'iiI np In iIic
liiniMitiiininM I'yunlr), uliil tnok llni.r livi InliiH--
cliifii lliiii wi'ri- I'llHiil till' }ii,|iliitiiirk :iiiil At rii-
Imltiini tn|iiiti:lm il. Al'ri'F «liirli In- in ilt llnilnl
1111^1 r.|ilirii"iiii, tjiij'ipmiill I'llii -t^iiiil.Nvlii II In" liini
put nitrdmiiw inlii tin in, lii' i-.mI*' u< Ibi' iu Jirir-
^all III, ill tvliii'li .iiiriri'li lit' loik
imil liiiin^v riiptivt''i;;lnit (I't ri
iiiiimlirs, I.Mk It lioili III linrvi'iiH II iimi r.mlnn u,
iiiiil liijtl viitjfiv ihiit' purt 1)1 ltl<ii>n .1 uliiili wna
ralli'il llll' 1'p|n I' |.Hiiiii'(i, iiii.l iiiiirkiil (•nnJii'.
tlira, wliitli prt tiiiili il liiliiMi niniiltritv , luiil t-mk
it lit llir lirrt riii.i I, miil liijiiit jt ,|,iivii. Mr nl-ii
alliii'ki'il (/'iiiiliiiriiliiin, mill laiil cir;;i l.i.ii, i;,r il
liail II vi ry »lr(iH|{ will, mi I vtln n hj' i spuli.l In
ipt'iiil ulniii; liin'i' ill tliiit •Jt'(;f, tli'i'U' llmt tttit-
within opi'iii'i! thtir |;iil.n >hi llif .iidilt ir, ninl
itimv 111 In;;' iiiiriliin, mul .urn imIi mil llniii«tlu«
up to liirn. U'lit'ii ('tit',(li.i,|iail r iinjti.ritl Un in
jit wtiil lo lit lilllll, aiiiiihir Virt cm ii nt I'iiv. I
fri|uitiil irnintl,,. unlli'irilv In- hiirl nliltmnt h»
thtir i|i>.in<: Inii hf iitrm'ill'il lilt in |ii iht ill
OiiHK> Ihil an; <,i ili.m i|,.irn| i,i i(,i, wMla
Ihi'ir iiM lin.itiiiH In pliCnili'rt^Hi iii.nliiihli ,ii« wM
lliiir oiil ill Mitrt hniKthi I «<i>f4lir rnhi iind
li'» ihi' iininli 1111,5 1,1 III, III, II, Hihl iiliii.iHit of |h«
Himini, 11 i»a. ,fi.,rt In ihiin IlifV nl.,i ill viinr-
i<| whnt •(i.iiU ih.j li,i,l liki-n. i<i,(rlli,r <»||I|
llmir Idixxl, mill imiMlKiil thn |«t • in i. iniiltMl
wiintiinni •<, nilliuiit uny ili.i,|irliii,n'i', iill \itrf
Wirr •iiliulirlili. rt'Hith:'wliih' Ihn ilnkul t\wU
liair mill pill un ivmirt'n'K Kiirint iiti, mul wi<ra
litKnii'itnil titur. willi innlnnntit: iiikI il.at ihry
^niiKhl wpiH'nr vrry I'lmnly, |li'i'\ Inul |viiiiiit ii,i,|,r
'tliiir ••)■ «. mill iiiiititli il, lint unit ih,. i.rnniti.iiU,
linl u\*» llll ln»la III wiiiiiin, miil wire tnilly uf
"ill U iii|..(t ralilf iini'l)'iinMt», ihnt tin ( intinttd
iinl.mliil |l. a^iirf- ni that 4iiri; imil lliiiailnl ti^f^
•"It Iht tM4 llll anil ihmn llif iili, ii« in »
hriithil Imii-f, ami ^Iflllt'd it •ii|irt ly nilh Ihfir
iiiilMirii nit!i(u«i njty, whili' ihiii urri liiukiij hUe
llif iKi-rn III iviHut n, Ihty kilirtl with tliiir flalil
hanilt; uil<l ulit'ii lin ir |(aiti nii. ■ ir<'ininili<, thiy .
|iri'«tnlly ailaikt'il iiii ii, anil li< rami ivnrrinr*,
mul lilt IV tinir i-Wnriln Irniii uinli r lliiir lint ly
iljt'il il.Mikt, iiihI mil mry limlV tttnninh wli'Vii
IIiia' linhli il ii|KMi. Idiwi^ir, ^iHifiii ivaitiil for
.liiii a« r»it iHv.i) I'r.nii Jnliii, nml Mmm thi' more
iiliMxIy ni llui IWiff anil hf «ji.i liail r<i'|ipi'ir ||i#
tvraiil Hillinillu' hhH. w|i. ili ■ilrowil hv Iht nthiF
llml lay In inrf iht' K.iltn, .n lliai all a'jtlt mpta nf
llyinH iiiiil ilftrriini; |n llit'-Kunimin wtrt i'«t uif,
It miy liail 11 luiuil mi ti) iliV. ,
II. Vt I iliil tilt' iiriiiy ihut wii» nnitii- Juhn rui4«
iiTililinii a^aitmt liiiii, and all tlii> liluniiiin* ■<■•
piirult^il thiniHtliC. iniMi till' It null, mill H||i'i|i|it.
Hi III (liAiiro) him, itiuil lhl< niit ni iHiir i »»y at
liii |iin>rr, aiHl hulrril ni hl.i rriitlly ; in thty f(ol
luKi thtr, nufl kI, w nmnv »f thf it-alnt^, niul
ninny |)ri«.nit r'j, I ilinu' tin- ri (I |it l.iri- Iht'in iiitti thiit rnynl nalHt-n
lii, mil' ulhK niiiK^llial ivan huill liy tiriiplf, nhn »viiit n. ri lalmn of
lialiK, lilt: kinii; 111" Ailrubeni'; Ifii- litumiaiii fell
Ml M'ilh till III, anil driivii tht' it'alnt^ ulil tlitiicr
liil.i tht; liiupli,.iitil^rt'liiiik till niit lu. In plun-
lUr .liihn'i tllffli;: lor Imth lif liliii.iir uai in
<hnl pdi , anil tlirriin had he litiil iiptliu .pniU
111' liail [iii|ii1rtil hy hii tyranny. In il nn
liiiif llic niulliliiilt' ni till' It .iln"l» thiit HI ri- ili«-
jicriti li on r iIk city ran tiifji ihir In ihi' ttinnU
nnin llin.w,thal Imd II. il Ihilliir, mul Jniin pre-
jVtrid In liriii<( thi'iii iliivvn a;;iiiii.t Hit' pttiiili' i^nd
Iht IiIimiubm-, wliii «.i;n'yiint .n niiirh itiraiif ul'
lit iii;^ :itUii kill liv riiiiu, IliTi
, , ,, , i , ,. '. . I -n •: • -, ■'.I'mut! tlH'ViVfrillifiii-.
havf tnlitvnniilriaily, thill Ihltiilt i'.«Uiiali?d in itlu. Inlti r mdirMTii thnii llii'v, an n'l Ihiirinwl-
a iiKMiiilaiiiniii ciannlry not lar nil J, ruviji ni; j m sm, li .1 llift .li.iuld drltnli'lv aallv nnt ni the
and H Inn hi' had l>rnktii int.i tin- tin In f.int , i It nrplt and ((it mimiii. iIkiii, and ii.it only ik-
wluit niulliliiili' ami .Vnuii}; mm «i n f. irihriiin ■ .tin) liitiiii, but .• I iht. i-ily on liri' aU.i Sutln-v
henliu.mnllmrntdowii thi'i'ilv -iithrit nn ii(nv;|a... mhlnl Hit nischi'. tn-illipr, mid llif high.
nil till- phif(< «'i If laktii. ixftfiii'i;,' iltrn.linni
Maaaila, and .Mailicrus, whiih hi it- in tin- p.i..
nesiiion nt' lli« rnl'dirit, >« Jirnsali in «\a< Jvliat thf
Koiiian" lit prt'.t'Ht ainif d"«t.
j prit <tti uilh thtiii, anil Iraik I'linnnt'l alifr wlml
I inaiiuir lln-v rhniihl atnid tin ir hxhuIi. N.iw it
I iva. (iiid \v(io tni'iKil thtir i.|iinin»ii to llif >Vur>t
I nilvicf, iiiid lilt lire tliry Uevi.id nKih » rrnwHy,
10. Anil now, iMsonviis Sinidii IniilKct hitVviCp [ti| net thtin.tlviii fnf ii« uii, ,voj-.f than the
fr»'C, aiid rt'Cnvirfd *• r Irom thf y.alnl*, Im' rf.- ' tli-ijitf ilself AtrnrdiiiKlv, In .ndtr |.i over,
turned liai'k to tin- rtinmiidfr.ni' liliiiinn, ami, i throw Jnliii, llify .It'tfriiiihtil to admit Wiiion, '
tlrivinc thf imli'im all In fori- hiin, fr.iiii nil quar- ' an(^l nnifsll} i.i ilt .irr llir iiilm liiill.ni nf a %t-
li.ni, he (:iiiiipi|lid a ),'ii at nniiibi r of fhriii In jrnnd tyrant inio ihti city: whiih rf-oluli.in thfr
retire to Jiiusdmi; hi- foflnwtil ihtin hiiii«th brnujjht to ptrlf ittoii, mid .. nl Miltliia^ the hlitb
.il«o to Ihr I'lty^ and i iirnnipaJO'd llif wall u|| . prifl, to lieHtirh this Simon to fniiit in to thcni,
round KKitin: and when he lighted upon iHiy la- i of whom Ihty Imd »o ofltn hit n alraidi Thfuo
borers that were roiiiiii}; tliitlnr out of the coun- alio who hail lli-d fronMhi' /tal.iK in je ru»:ik'in,
trj, he Blew thtin. Aow tliit 'Simon, who wh« ; joined in this reque.t to him, out nf the de^re
Mthoutthc wall.vrunagrenleriirrortollie pto- I thf> had of preserving their hoinfn anil their
pit; than the Konianii themstlve., us )((t?i'o the ellfcu. Accordingly lie, in un i»rroi;anl manner,
iiiilol'" •vho were within if liiore heavy it|)oii : j;ranted them Kin lordly proleriion. and eaiwe
Jhini llnui both of the othert; ninl dnring thia i into the city in oriler tuiltlivir it from the lea
rnic dill the ini)irliievun< contrivancfn and con- | lotii. The iienpic aUo uiailf joyful wiTlaniationt
ant; lo hini an ilieir savior anil thtir iin'mrier: but
ragi' [nfUohnI iM irr npt th e h rn l y uf the (ialflf
for tlieae fiulilfiiiM fiail allvlln^t!d Ihi
made him very p.iteiit, who made llni
* Puetoniiiil ilill'ern linrdly I iiree il,i\ < fi nni liMeplinn.
anifl Bajs OHIO pcrialnl lUi ili 'i.t' ,l,n „| lutrfi'n
IoOUMiii.:i)eelUvnut(iaacl..il.:iCit. I,
aiit;
John, uiid
I a i.iiitalilc
ini an iheir savior anil thtir premrier: but
whi-n hu, wan come i'n with his army, he took
care to t'Crure l.'n own authority, ninlj.ioked up-
on thn"( that li.i.l lilt III iT him in. In Im- m, lean hit v
tniiniti lli.iii t'lo.t .tg.iiiiiit whom the uitilutiuit»' /
wai lutcntltid, — - U
■Ml
•m
W'
♦ WARH or TliK JRW«.
It. ArMi ikm 'M Slimiitf tt pi).««Mii>« »t J«ru-
Mlmii, in lh« lliifl >»«' »t «'"• *»'■ '" "'" »""'»"
XnndiKii*. (^>t.iii>i) wh«T«ii|K>ii Joliii, Hilti hii
muliliuilc 'if «>»l'i««. •• b»'«K '»•>*'* |ir"hil>'i»'»
(fUiii CHiiiinili riMliif lh» lenililo. •H'l NiHng Uni
ihtir |H>»»iir rii III" <ilji. (•'<>' '♦mikiu himI In. |inf«y
NmI |.iai».)«r.il ihcHi ol whm Ibrv hwl.) wem i"
■iMimir of il.'li^li^m.!. HI"'"" •» *'«'!" "V 1*'
Milll u|i.H\ tliM Irni).!*, Willi «t>K i..»<«(iin' <" <>• «•••
iifiibli', will!* Ill" >>(h»r» «I.»»J U\t«l Ot" tlm»J»"
»ii.rih« tmllUHii-iit., uml »I»<»*«Ib.I iIhimn'Iv"
Ifont Ihnr .Miiulto. Ilim««»f. » im'uUtMli
nunilMir ol SiimiH'. ptwly I'H. '""I '»"''.» "•'•
.mrrlMl "tr wnuiulmli l»f Ih" ««nl.iH llir»v» Ihnir
lUrtt ru.ilf (iuiu » •iifieriiir |>l»'<'. "H'l wl'l'""
iailxluf liilllnR lli»ir riifittiMj bul li»»iin lh<'
ndvaitUKn "I ninwlion. •"'' h«vinn withnl <r«"l-
nt four V. ry UtgK Ci(W»r» iifo»f|m"il. lh«l ">*''
«v«rl» minlit ••"iin' fWH hinliir jilm <■•■ uiw »l ln«
_uurlhfi|«» coiiirr 111 lh«. <<mrl, on* nboTii lh«
X«»tiii, tlis Ihinl ■( nnollrrr i ormr ovrr nfsiiml
"«hn l'>«<r .ily.tinil llix Imt w«» iri.uil »l«>vi'
i^n loll of lliii l'li»l»|>l)<iritt. wluirr >uir ol Hi" ,
liririU Moml of cmirM, miil Riivu » •Ikii«I ^Utf- \
Iiiin<l. with II lriiiiip"l.» iil lh« li. kiiiiNiik ol iiirory
MviMilh ihiy, IM Ihe ivihiiiH Iwilil^hl. »• •l»" •»
llir rveuiiiK *hrii ilie iln; wnn liBl.lit il, M f\<i>»^
nolitii 111 Ih" ("Niiil" nrlimi llity w<r« lo ln»v« oil
work, »ml wlH-ii lliry were to jfo li work mtmn.
'rh»«« mill Hi*.i «"» Ihur ,«iigiii"« <>' >'"' i'""*
anil tlont* willml, u|k>ii iI'o«" low<r«, Willi tli< ir
nrihin Hiiil •liii«<r». Ami now Simon nmil" lii<
(Miull iiiHin 111' Uiiipir iiior* Iniiilly, by rtiiwm
tlint Ihe Kr»»u«l |i»rl of hi« men Kr«»» wi-nry oi
the work) y«l iliil h« not k»v» oil liu o|iiHniliun,
hfrnnw hU nhily »y»» nuprrior ll> lb., ollu r». iil-
liionuh «lm iluru wliirii wKri- llirowSn liy Uiv •"•
f\wt ».•«! <«rrl<tl »Kr»iil way, iiiiJ iKw ihiiny
' of ihuM tlint tuu^lil f'li' !»■■>■
CHAI'. X.
How Ihl fk/Uitrt, bulh in Jiidrn anil KirypI, pro-
tUimtJ heiiiniittn Ktnptrnr^ Wnif li<>m » c»;wi-
$ian rtUaitil Juttphu* of hit Hands.
b" WM •milW, nor lo tpply filiiwlf Wrtli*' <5
oth^r wvif., wlwii lin null" ""•""r «•• 'imJ
w»l>i ItMMhm.M iiimli •• h" p«Mlt«« 'UllMl
tiiiii lo ■vnfiM hi. <MMi«irj. no «ii»«I»Wm h. r«.
•Iraliiril li» III" i oiKi.liimlioii of hn ilnl»ii«»
thrf*lr.«i(; li»fiiii»» uirlunr nM|)th» pr.'VtiU him.
n<*\ ilo « worlil of lomliwf li»l"r« hn fonkl htni'
»ir Mil ..».ir 111* 'I* lo |iiJy>-p»< i»ii; »• •» *»«
•till Uio winUf Minoni •<> Ui«ri«iMiiM«u ht«»nK«r,
how v»lMni«nl ntft il Wiw.iil lhi« linir
t. Hul now hi« loomniiirlir* uml «jhli«r«_m»l
In .ryrr»l . om|mio<-.. nml < "iK"' "l"'."'} »'•""•
I'hiinirinK Hi" imlili'' nllmr*, nmt oul ol lh»ir in-
.l,K»?tioii. .ri*.! oM», lioW "m R..m« lh.r. «r«
..>l.iiir< lliiil liv«a.l(.»«.lyi «ii.l wh»ii llirjr b«v«
nol *fn«ur«i<l •» «»Mf h •» !■> Imur Ih.i fume of wur,
Ihry orilrtlii wlmijl It" y |'l»' '»" '"■■ '"" l'>»«"'""<
Hill) ill I >■% ,>(§>i» m«k« lh»m 1 m|wr..r» whil.'
V.HI who liiivii goii" lbr»ii(|[li •« niiiiiy nbor*. mid
Mr frown into y«»f« Miiilir your »« limU, Ki'*
lenTO to oth»r.«« ««• wk » [k.*..*, -luiu y.l >t«t
hHt" iiHoiiK yourwIvM on.r liiiir. worthy to rlilr
limn uny whom tli*y h*vi. •• I il|i. Now wlmt
iu.lir oiiiHirliliiity nfinll lti<y i »< r h»«rof ni|iii»-
iniclli.il |{«ii"riil«, If lh«y 'lo not iui.k.1
"th?* ihiii i» now iMiforn tluni f wlltp I
i^l. Not* »boi|l ihU v«ry liiiic it wimlbat hnjy^
I iilnlltki«ii c»iii<i ■»''">'' KiMiiB on nil »i(ltni for V i-
' » emu" from li»riimny Willi hii «ohli«ry,
«pln|j with him u i?"'"' niuUilmli' "'
I nina^iiLivii c«iii>i ■«■»">•. •.."..- —• -..-,—' ■ ,,
U'lllm v«M CQiii" from li»riimny with hii «olili«rj
mill ilnw mnm with him u Kf" muUilmU- "
other nun li«idei. Ami wli"n the »pncciBlloll<il
"tnor ni.'n octiuc*. nim "■•< « -i"- —
r.ir Ihl! •ol<li"r« coulil not fonUin thfiin, h" ma<l<-
all Bonii! Il«*lf lii« I'li'ip. •'«' ""*'' »" ">" ''""','" I
willmrmnl nun: whirli nun. wh.n llicv mw tlw
riihei of Koine with ihoml eye* wliii h hml iirver
■rrn nuch liihri hcforr, iiml fimnil tin ni«ilv«1
niioiie roumi «l)OUt on all iiiili-» with tilviir •iiU
KdI'I. they liinl mmli mlo lo cimtiiin tliiir covet-
mn «lriiii-e!i, ■nJ wt-ru rtmly to bitnk* tlinii*. IvW
1.1 plimiler, nnd lo Om •UiiKhlur of .uch iit ihoulil
ntniid in their wiiy. Ami thl» wui iho itale of
■irairi in Italy nt that time.
2. HutwhenVciipaiiwi hail overthrown all thij
■iliicra that wiri'. nsai to Jeriiialeui, hn ri'ltirned
to f^.etarea, ami hcanl of the lrOiihlt« that wer«
■t Home, »n.| that Vitelliun wan emperor. Tliiij
iM-oiliKfil Indignation in him, allhoiigh he well
knew how to lie eoverned h» well a% to Roveril,
nii'l conid nol, witli any »atiifactiou, own him for
hi< lord/Who iicteil to riiailly. and neiied upon
the rovermneiit aa if it Were ab«oltttelv dentltutc
of a Kovernor. And a« this »orrow^f Im wa«
violent, he was nol ablu to «iip|iort the torln. iilii
• Thli bMlnnlni and einllnii the olwerrnllon of Uie
IcWlnll leveitlli dnv.or l«iitilmtli. with n prlenl'a Wowln?
of a irumpef, it rniiiatkaUle, and nowlierd cite men
tlonnl. ihal I know of. Sor k Relnmri conjecijite
liere Improlwhle, that llila wan the very plarc l^int Inn
(IW ol
- there i««^
lim'lV'jniii'» "•''•"» ''•" Vi •pii-ian't'^'iK eiiip.P
ror timii for Vil.lliu.; a, Ih.y are th._iil.iU.»
,„i,ri. d^ilr.luKlhui llio.e that made Ih.! oHn r
,.oiii.r.iri>i f'lr lliBl tliey havp iindi rui.ne ii» ureht
Hiir>«< have III" lriM.p« that i»oi.i IroMlJ. riiia-
in; nor «re they inferior in Hiir to Jlin.e that
have broiiKlit itwl IjriH.l lo Kwi.ie. iior Imv" ».)
niKlerKone .mailer laborpt thmi lli.y; l«ir that
neither »»|II Hi" Koman .rnal.' nor people bear
mnh a lat'ivi.ma »m|)eror a. Vll. Iliu«, il he be
eoiiipare'l with their iha.te V*i(|M«l«n; mirwill
they eii'lure a mull barl«iron« tyrant, in»l"i'l ol
■ ifootl ({overinir, nor rlioow one that hnth no
ehilil.f lo pre.i'le our ihem. iii.tea'l of liliii that
it a tiitber; beeaiiMi th« advaweinent ol nii it'«
own ehililren todlnnilie. in .ertttlnly thegr.^ten
•eeurity kiiiK" ean K'" '"' tlieni»«l»ei. W he-
ther, llii-ril'ore. we oliiiintn the capacily ol gu-
veniiiiK from Ih" ikill of n per.on in yeart. we
<;itKht tf) have Vei.|)ii»ian; or wlielher from the
•IrcDKllrof a yomiK man. w« on|;bt to lime 11-
tii»!C>rbv thu mean, we .hall lime the ii'lum-
lajco of l>..th their anei; lor that llMV wrti ull'.nl
ilieiiitlb I'l lho«t that ihall be mad* emperort.
tlHV bavbitf already three lenioli., be.jde. otlii-r
i»i\lliarin from Ihe n«i^bborin»{ kini{<, ami wtll
have furth. r all Ihe ariill.'i in the Ka«t lo jiipimrt
theiii, a< nl»o ihone In Kiiropi , w> fur a» they are
ont of the dintaiire and driiid of Vitelliun, lir-
•id '
ita'lf, that i., Ve«|Mi»i.... ■. ". , -•■;■,'•
lyomiliiiiii] the one of whom will briiiK in a
nii«?. le il o ur mm i n f ntalnr a « o l ong , r ai led . W ii t
*4/(i the Corirt ujf ike Sabbutk, if thai be llic Iriio
rcuilins, a kliiga «vl. IH, laicaiiie herellie proper prie.1
Wood dry, under a toeeriiiy.to proelaini the lienlnnlng
mdendlnt of every Jrwialifnlilialh. ,,,.,,,
t The Roman eiiihoni Ihal now remain tny Vltellliia
hfld children; wlicreaii JoMphun inlnxlutee Iwe llie
noman wldlcra In Juiica "nwrilH ili«t he had none.
It of the di«tuiire ami ilriiKt ol Vitelliu., iir-
de, »iiih auiiliariet a. ihi y may ha>e in Iliily
•'If, that IH, Ve«|m»iKii'« brnther,) and )in olhir
.on I IJomilimii] the one of whom will briiiK in a
Kreal many ol thouc yoonn men llial are ol ilig-
"lily, while the other i« liiiri|»ted with the ((O-
vernment of the eit> , whieli ollire of hi. will be
no .inidt mean, of Ve.pa.ian'a obt«inin|5 the go-
vernment. Upon the whole the rn«! iimv be
finch, that if we ourielve. miik.i farther delay.,
the .enalB may eIioohb an emperor, whom the
•oidiem, who are tbo .avior.ol the eitipifc, W"'
have in contempt." ,
4. Thete were the diiicourite. the wildieri had.
In their •evrnil companie.; after which they got
together in a great body, and,^tii€ouriii;in(t im*
another, tbey declared VtJpnslftn emperiir.J and
Whh-hof thcM aiaerllona waathe truth I know not.
Hnnnhelm Ihlnki he hath piven a pcrullar renwin for
fBlllnn VUellhia rhildltti, tlioufh lie really had cliH-
dren. l>li«. do Num. paReii lUli, tt.Vt, lo whirli It «p
peara very dilBcultiooivp our nweiit. , „,,
[7hl»lirollierof ViM|i,i»inn wan KliivliiaPal'lniii..a«
Siuetoniii* Inform!. in. in Viiell. wn. I.i,and In Vu«|m.
•ect. '.'. lie la aI«o named hy Jowpliin preaently, «l. 4
iltia plain by the nniureof ihc tliliii.'. anwellnjuy
Jmenhua and Enlronlin, that Vo.pn-inii wn« nr«l of nil
uliiled emperor In jiidea, anil nol illl noiiie imi'' nner
ward In Eaypl. Whenro T;ifllu«'ii nml .-'ui'loiilu. .
freaeot copies mu»l b« corrected, when tWy oot" "y
' H e te we I
Hbortw) him la mv« Ik* KotvrHmant, whirh WH
lailaiicrr. Now V««tiii«un'« niwtrn hxl br*n
(ur « t'oniiilainlilv linui iitMtMl (hr (iiiblii', y*l ilul
hn noi iiilfwl lu Ml U|i til f„<i, rniir himwl^,
Ihimih hia *<li»n> •hunrnl hmi Co ilrirrvK lf|
wlulv ho pnlnrml ilml anlrl) tthii li i« in n jwi-
val* lilii, btlorv lh« ilitiin*ri in » »hiiii »( nirti
iliiniljri bill whili: hv ri-lH^il thti rni|Mrf, ih*
(■oi)iNiiin<liir« iii«i«lril Hn- iiiim •arnrillv ii|i<in bu
mtriiliiiH'r, iinti Ihr xtblltra iimiii Hbniit hmi,
wilb ibiir ilr«i»i» twiinlt in Ihrir hiin<li, ami
thrralaiiicil In l»lll biili, Ulilrtt ha Woultl iinW li«a
accuriliiiKluhMiliiiHMy. A>"lnrh«n h«- hul •hnwn
hi* rvlui'iam* a Rrmi nliilr, ami hail rJiilrHvnr-
«'(l (Si ibfiKl ii«»» bia iliiiiiMijiHi from bun. hr al
lnB^lh, III iiiK iKil ulilr III |H r<iiaila Ihi iii,)- u bbil lo
ihrir •ohrilMliiMii Ibxl itiMiiil mluiii brni Fii||M'riir.
S. So U|loii llir i'»b<»rtiitiim< of Mm iiiniii, anil
thii ollirr ciimiiiuiiili r<, llial h« hoiiM ui i-aiii of
«b« tiii|.iiri', nml U|Hin Ihiit ol' Ihn rnl
BOOK IV.-CIIAF. X. BQl
ami Iha rnlf«iii-« Ihniilgh (o narrow a fiaaMga i*
raniUrail ilanirrout; jrl N|lit<ha><'H ludf, whaa
jrau ara (ul mio il, a i«rir i«li ..i« , nml <•! ihirly
fiirlonir* in liir(>n>Mi Inli; wh(W> i* brought
I'caiil ol
•<jf Ihr
wbal lh» ( iiiihlrjr MiiihU in iirili r lo il« baii|iin«M,
a« alto wlhii «biiiiiliiii<.i' llli> iMuiiirt nllurili, niu»« •
than II wanu il^ili. u hrno ili-tribHinl tnlu«l|
Iha haliiublr rarlh
«. Juiliir, lhir»lor»,llbl VnjiattiiHilMirflook-
laiN Ihnl K<>«rrnnirnl, in orili r In rorriilMitaU hil
ifllaiii|iu H|Hin Ih* Mholi' f nipirr I >ii bt iiniiuMl'
•bil)t Mnl lo 'I'lbatiut Aloitiiilvr wlio wxt Ibrn
!;n««rilor of K([>|i< ami ul Ab taiutna «ii.l n-
ornicil biin nbal ihr anny bail |int bun uiion,
anil how br, broiK Ion I'll lo an i |il ol llii iHir-
ili'n of Ihr ([.ivfritnii III, wniiloiroii* lo Imtphun
lor bl« roiilribrnli mul •ii|<||(irli r Nnw »• «.>iiti,
a« mar-Ali'tanilir bail rrml Ibu Irlirr, be rraitily
obllKnl tlii> Irgion* ami ibf niulliliiilr lo luki ib<<
., , . <t«lh of liilrliljr lo V<-iiii«i«|i, liolb ol ttlumi Bill-
nriin , w bo i m ij om. iliNtJli«)r utru Mrillii% lii b«' I lu^l) toiuplitU wtlb biu», a. «l»«ji.ly B«.iM«(«H!il
bi.l uKHin'l M hU o|i|i,««r', hr wai in Ibi' fif«l | hiIIi Ibr rouriiKr ul llif iiinii, Ironi ibnl liit roii
|ilurr iHlint n|Mn |{uinihi< Ibr iloininioii ovrr ' '
All «4iiilrlH, *» kuoMin;; ihiil K.Kyiil wa> of iha
g^rialiit lontiriuini'i', in uril»r In obliihriha in-
lira KofirnnMnt, hi i iiinn of ita iniiiil) biK rorn
llo KoiiH',) nimb foin, il br conbl lia iiiii»lrr of.
fin boiH'il lo ililhrmii' Vllrlliu*. ■U)i|i<i<iliK bii
•hunlil Hjin lo liri>|i Ibr t-ni|iir<- bj font', (iTir bi-
woubl noi III' alib> lo •n|i|iorl hiiila»lf, if tin niiil-
liliiilu, •> Roiiii' thonbl liner be in wiint of bioili)
anil !«««*■>)■ b« Mriia ili'>iroiia lo join Ibr Iwu l»-
f;iou« lllHiHiii-nal Alivunilria lo Ibr ullirr tWtt
pf^ioiM Ihnl wcri' ivitb liiiii. Ilr aUu i nmiilrn il
wilh Miiiu'lr, Ibal hi' aboiilil Ihrn ham thai lonn-
try filf a dclrni'i' lo biiiMilf NKubiaf Ihr unrrrtain-
ly of ftirtunr. Kor Krypl i« hard lo bo i-nwrarf
by knil.* aiiH hiilb no ({"oil liaveni by ai'«. Il
hath on Ibr »r%l Ibr ilry ibarrli of l.i^bvii, ami
on llir aoulh f»)rnr, Ibut'iliviiUi^t from K'lhiopin,
iia uril H« till' i^Hlnrni la of lh,« Nilr, Ibiit rnniH^I
be aiiibnil ovrr; anil on Ibe mal ihr Re^.Srn, rx-
Icnilin:; ua (iir ua I 'opliia; nnil il ia forlifinl on lhi>
norlli by Ibr laml that niulira 10 tiyria, toKrtbrr
wilb Ibnl culb'il llir KKyfiliiin Srn, hnviiiK no Im-
»»ii« in il for »bi|». A'nil Ibiia it I'^Kyiil wnlliil
about on rvrry mlr. lu trn^lh liruv»fii I'llii-
•iuiii mill >yrnr la two Ibmiaiind furlnnx-, iiihI
Iha paaii^e by am iVoin I'lintfiini! lo t'aliiiiuiii ia
Ihrci: Ihouvbiiil ain bunilrnl fiir|iiiif(a. lis rivrr
Nilr i¥ nnyiK'iiblii iia far n* lb« ritt calbil Kir-
phanline, /lb« lorrniiniril catnairia bimUrinK
•lil|ia Iroiii \fmnfi niiy fiirlllrr. 'T'hr liuvrn alio
of Alvtnnilrin la not i nlrri'il by the inariiirra
wilboul ilillirnlly. rten in liinra of prncr ; for thii
fmaaiiKr intviiril n niirroiv. nml full of roi'ka, tliiit
in uiiiirr Ibr tvnirr, uliirb oliligra thr nin^inlTa lo
turn from n atriiiKbt iliriilKHi: ita li II M<lr i>
blouki'il ii|i li;r worka nindr br iiirn'a huiula on
bulb aiilra; on ita rijKht aiilr li.'tlbr iilanil calliil
fharu'i. winch ia aititntril jnal lirfurr. (bi> Itii-
trenci', mill au|i|iorla a vrry grriit towrr.tbnt iif-
forila till' liKbt of » lirr to Miih iii mil willtin
Ihrrr biiniln (I fiirbiiif(> of it, Ibnt abi|)» nmy I'liat
«ai:linr a Rrriit « ny oil in the night time by rraaon
Af Ihr ilillii>n|tv of aniling nciirt-r. About thia
ialiind arr built viry Rrenl pirra, thcbniiilvivorlc
nf inrn, nfciiin'it nliiib ivbrn iIm; a«'hilaahra'ii.< If,
and Ita wuvr* iirr lirukrii H);nin«t ihoM lunimla-
riaa, tfip iiavigutlon lii'Coi|i«a vny troulilraoiiir,
IhatliK wnaArat iirnrtnimnl In l',(ypt, niiil Dint on tbn
-alrnrtaoi July, wliilrtliry alifl my il wna llir fii'ilmf
I ha iioiira III iilranf IhCMiiiir July hrfurr liv ivaa pro-
claittii'il in JiiiH'u. I aiipiioar lliu imiiitb llicy Ihrrr in-
tanih'il tviia Jniir, mill mil Jniy, na llinropiraiiow hnvc
It; nurilOiaTnrilua'arolii!|'i>nrt'iiu|ily Iraa. Hcv f^iay
on Ihr Krvrlniiiiii. p. |;N(,
diKl ilv Ihnr ni Ijibbnrhooil. A< iiirilliiKly V'l
|ia*liin, lookiiiK U|ion biioMlf ii<nlr|uiU inlriHlril
ivith Ihr Kovrrniliinl, Kot nil tbiiiKa rriulv lor ki«
jouriiry [ to Kniiir. | .Now f.iiiir i urrlt il lliia nrwa
abroail iiiorr auililrnly tbiin our cinlil havn
ihoiiXbt, llint br wiia riiipi rot oyi r lln IvkI, ii|hiii
wliiib rvrry iily )ir|il b •tival., mid iiliiinl.ii
aiirriAi-ra ami oblntioiia lor aiirh koo.I mn-; Ibr
Irubina ajau thirl ivrrr' in My^iii and I'linnoiiiiii
tvlio bad brrn in roiinnolioiiH liilb brfurr.un.ar^
ronnt of tbii iiiaolrni nlli iiijil of \ itillin-, ivrri'
*rry ((lad lo tiikrt Ihr oiilb nf lidrjity lo V »a|i«-
aian, U|i<in hia rtiininir In Ihr rin|iirr. Vr«|iii.iaii
thru miiovril (roin f'n>anrra to llrryliK, whirr
many rintintMi|(i a laiiir (o him from Sy ria, iiiid
many from iillirr |iroyinrra. liriii(][inK Willi ibrni
from rvi-ry rily irowiia mul Ibr roiii^rntnlaliiHU
ofllir (iriiplr. Mniriianua I'limr alao> who Wna
Ihr |iriaiijint of ihr |iroviiH'r, and Inld hno with
ttlini niarrity llir |icnfilii rn'rivrd lbi< iirwa [of
hia nilrnnrrnunt.l villi how thr |ii'0|dr of ' rvrrjf
lily lirnl Inkrntlir imlh of liilrlity to him.
7. So Vrapaaian't good forlnnit aiirrrrilrd lo
hia wiahra rvrry wlirrr, nml ibr pidilir iiirniM
wrra for ihr ((rrutral purl alrrmlv in hi« liiinda;
upon wliirh br ronaiilrrnl Ihat br b<id not iirrivrd
III Ihr (;ovrrniiiriit without ditiiir IVmidnirr,
but that n ri|;hlrona kiml of fnir bad brriii|;lii Ibtt
rmpirr under hia |MiW«f| lor in hi't;illril to luiiHl
Ibr otbir aiitnnU, whlrh had bnn n fii iil ninnv
rwiry whrrr, that fori Inld hr abmild iililiiin thr
f;nvrriiinciil, ao di* hr rriiiriiilirr wliiil Jnarphua :
lail anid to hini whru he vrhuirnl to fnrrlrM bit
romin|r f» thr fnipirr whilr Nirn w«i uiivr; ntf^'
hr wns iiHirb rnncrrili'd l|i»l IIiIh okio «a« atill
in bond* with him. Ilrthini-idlrd lor Miirrnnna,
lojfrtber with hia otbrr rnnimiimlira nml frirmla,
nml in tlir (iraf pinrr, hr infnriiiid ihi ni what n
vallnnl iiinn Joiiphna had liir.p, mid what )(rrnt
hiir<labi|.iil hr hail nnidr him iinilri';;o in Ihr air|;(>
of .biln|inln. Aftrrthnt hr rrlnl.il ihoar orcilii'-
tion/if III lii:i whirli he had thru ^ii'.prrtrd na fir.
liiMi'i, eiijtirralid ont of lb*; frnr hr wna in, bill
«liiil!h bail by liiin' bi'rn'1|^«io)4'>li'iilril to br ifi.
villr. "It i« H abniiirfid .Ihiirt (-aid ha) (hnt
thia niau, who bath forilolij toy <-oioinj{ lo the
Niipirr iM'forchnml, and {inn thr ininialrr of n
mvine mraaage to nir, ahiiidd atdl br relniiird in
rnlhfr, an JarcminJ), wh*lf ll^wna n prlaonur, wm art
at blierty, anil hnnoralily irrali'il |iy .\i!hur.nrnilan.nl
llin coiumniiilnf Ni'liiiriinilnr/./ar, on iifriniat nf lili
hnvini lim^luUl Ihr dralriiiliuii uf Jrhianlrin l.y thr
nnliyloninna, Jrr. xl. I-"!!, an n'tia our Jnarphna ai^t nl
Ilherty, mill lionnf.iMy Irrali'il, mi arrniinl of lila hav
big fiirnolil thr nilvaiifi'mrMl iif Vraima an anil Tilua
m-
■^P*B
* ll'ie w« liavr liB aillhrnlii ilcw iliiliiinuflhi-lHiuiuli I In Ihr itoninn f iiij.irr. All Ihrar ara innal rniiii»iil In
'Hi to"""'"'* ''«''''•'" "*" ""y"" Viapaamn ilnnfeBor thrlntirpiwliloiiaof liivinr provhlr.n-cnnd
indTUiM. ,. ^ . . ,. : of llwrrrtnlnlvof lliviar prMlftlonaIn thr Brral rov
t Aa itaiiirl wna prrfrrrril liy narniannll I'yrin, on | nlnllmia of ilir iVnir niotiarihli-. Hrvrral -iiilr likrrt
awount ol Im havim, torilohl ilir ihMriirliAn nf ihr I nnipl«allu.rr ,irr hoih in Ihrani'rc.faMiloIhi.rhiatonct
Bthylonian iiionanliy ny Ihrir niiaiia, nial Iha roiiai.'. I la in lir rnar of Joarpli In Ki/ypt, and of JhihlUn tha
qiwnl txaliauun b. tliu Mcdca anoferiiaiia, v.vi.ur ' litgbpricat.lnlhejjayaof Ali(xaniJBrth«GfMl,A«
"522
WARS OF THE JKW8.
tlW ""^ —
,h« co„.li.io„ «f . captive or 'pr^^''f.^ {- ll;^;, J^ .KtTSl^T^^S'^wjS^^
clUd for Jo.. ,.l.u.^ UI.J V""""""'"' I ''", „,^ , £ a.?a. 1 "l < vcl... ... in onl.r t,. kill hi... ; and
thuuld be •.t at .l..;rO : whir.WH..! «'" '"»'- Ki. X, U^,, ,|,>nV by tb...... if tb« tribu..*.,
"olli U.i. f"iuilBl V*.|.aMaiia^""f'- t.' a Mn.i.K.r. M'i not
iiiiun ibi ir L.ii'.i. anil buoiiffht
-;.i".«»i ''*"r''»i'#'''^v; ":;:;["'i;;a ;b:;."'ni>.^;io . ; ... ibe ,oWi.r. di,i ....t Lh
•,ilu« wa. tbift pr.»tiit K.l.Tli. I..lh.r "I ' ««!''- \l^"\^vut Ih.i. i . bon.l», a» a tn..t,.r, .....I w.t«
."O faUier.it U.a?utju»t tl.at t|ie sn.n. mI I ''^J^^^, "'"','",'," vi,„i|„,. \Vb.n[.Anto.nu.l
rtith b.0 iron chain, l-or ifV.^ dp '>''«^»JP^ • ,„,lii.i.lv ami .nn.l.' lb.... pnt on Ibe.r ari.u.r,
|,.«,c. bi. bon.l.. ^"y^''*>":\'''J^:;'Xh^ a l-i, uT«.,t tb„Jlh.t.ha.l revol.e.*-.
Uv. It*» a ...an. that h-'^ni-v" I'V^" ('"uf' «' '"^ Cr.un.-n tb.V l.nt tbr.ns.lv.. i« or.l«r of bat- ■
Kor that iMi.c usual ...ttb.Ml a« .n.b a, b-^^ ^ '^^^^^^ r.V.»l»nr.' lor a while, but
be..„ bouu.1 «itboul.a,n.us... ^^"^^^ ^^ ' t'rrt^t!«i:^u n.,\ ii..i to r.-..n,on»: tb..„
„(r.€e.l lo by V..Mm«.»n »''''•. »» '^'„'^.,'^'^,^„" ; ij |.,.i„„„ tak.- bi» hor......n. ami cut otl their
.nan In. am! cut Ih.. tbam to If 'I'^'v « ',' '•'''r, ' l^ ^ ."' „, , ,h« .itv, aii.l ouroi..pa»«.l ami -le-
..bus rt.:*iv...l tl..» t.»tiniony ot hi» iil.gr.l) tor , '"'^" ',*•"" '' „„;| i,„a„ „, i|,.'.,„ l«f.,r« th.^
:. riwiird, aml»a'.nH.r.ov.r.sl.'..ntil a ptrsoii »tr..y.,a a (,r.nt mu..ii..» . .
uf credit B# tirfiUuritii ■»" irl-o.
' / ' cii.\r. xi; .
Tlini wimrt/Ac Cnniiiicsl and Slaufchltrif fll'l-
liiis, rtsiiaaiAiii liaalainl kis Johriitif lo Hume,
■ but Titiii,hit Son, ritiirnid loJcrusiilm
i citv,i.ml fill iiito the <*it¥ ti«|celh<r with the rest,
' anil Kave l<u\e to bis soldi, rn to plniid. r it. Aud
i bin- it was tbatnianv strannef.. who were in. r-
i i-biiiits. a« will as ii'iany oi tb.' |i.o|.le of tbiit
cou.itrv. perish, d, anio.iR thii.t V it. llius « wbol.^
ur..iv,'l).'i.i|f tbiitv tliuusH..d ami two buiidieil,
M.* ANU n.v..,vhe„ Vespasi,... bad Kiv^-V'"?: :!t^;;r: ^^
ivilVi bni. Viuni M\»ia tliaii I'uiir Ibousiiiul and live
bumired; he th.ii liiowd t'e.iiiiia, anil tent bun
kw'efs t.i the euibiissaK<». H""' had iIj»|iom->I <'I
< .•.,11-ulliiiK wbitli wav be Imd l>i vt tiik.y.- lit pr. -
l-.ri-.d loKoto liuiiie, .■i.lb.r (i.ai. 1,. "ftimrU to
Al« \aiiLlria. b.i;;iuse b.' saw that AbxiindiM was
„.re tf. bin. all. adv. but that tie alli..rs a l...\.i«
%l, !.■ put into di>..r.ltr by Vil.llins: s„ lii; st iil
i\i.).ci»iiU4 t.i Italv, ami coii.iiiilUil a .■..n-i.ierftbU;
1111*1*111 IVJ »» »• .11... ■•■- ^
came, and «a^ r. i. ived by biiii. ami ...vered Ibe
s.ainlal <,f bis ti. a.li. ry by lli.- llll.■^p.■l■lell ho-
nors bene, ive.l I'loiii V e>piisiaii.
-J. And .inw, ii|ion tb.' news liii.t Aiitonius was
apiirou.hiui;. Sabinos took .■.lUI■ll^'e at Home, and
^,.cianUs t.. Italy, ,ml c Ule., a . ..u-.-en-o. -^^^'j-^J^'-;. jt;^. '^^i^t^^ued ^
.riilj. both 01 horsemen -''''-»'',"; ;/"i:j ^mm^,^,, I W,^ dHy n.m.. on. ..lany ...en
third of the I.K o s «h.. «»«•. ' ' f,'>,^ ,' hnst. eerned at this I'rimus. but «.« vtTV ansry^«>tH
^,.,t«way C..m..a w.n^a,BN;.a nr.ny.li..vm^^ pn.t of Ih.: army whiei.
raiiie aloiiif with bin. to li^rht against the Capitol,
anil iiiunv bol.l actions were ih)iie tin this sid.
K"i^-t h«:;:::lmlCdAnton(;., about and nia.iv liobl action, were .!*,ne bn this s
Cremoiia m tiull. >vhicll city is u. the Imr.,tis6f
Italy; but when b.^ saw there that tb.: enemy
were numerous >.nd i.i jjood order, he ouist not
fiirht th.iu. ami as be thoii|,'bt a retreat .lunger-
0U8, so he be«aii to think ol betraying bis army
^ : . •". !• i_ t.: .....1.1... t\n- ci'it.
to Aiitonius. Accoidinjily he assembU .1 the cen-
turions and tribiin.s that were under bis i-oiii-
niniid. and pcr»uud.c<l tlieii. to go- oyer to Antn-
niun, and this by .liminishia); ib» .repnlatioi| ol
Vitelliua, and by.xacireraliii- the,pow. r ol Ves-
pasian. He also toUltbem, that "Willi ib.i .)iie
there was no more than the bare name ol 1I..1111-
liion, but wjtb tb'c other was the power ol It;
iuid that it was IxUer for them to prev. lit ne-
cessity, and ftain favor, and, while tliev «•. re
lik.lv tb b.' ov< ccuiiM! in bnltle, to avoid tb< dan
IIR.IV 10 m- on i,..uii«; ... .«,.,.^, .« ........ - -- .
Iter btforeliai.d, ami go over to AnloiiiuswjllinK-
fv that 'Vespasian was able of liiiiis.lt t.. subline
what hud not , vet s.^bmitletl, wit'iout tbejr as-
.istanct. while'Vit.Jlius could i.ot preserve what
he had already with it.'; , , ..
3. Cerinna said this, and much more to the
u.l.) iiiwiiv i»ufi ff,.,,'-,,.^ .,■> ■:- - - -
and Oil the side of those thai held the temple,
lint at last, the sohliers that came from tlermaiiv,
beiiiK too numerous for tb.«i.lher!>, pot the hill
into tb.ir pi)M.e«fioi», wlk re l)iiiiiitiHi!, with many
other of the principal Kohians, pr.fvi.lentially .s
caped. wbil^jl»e rest of ill.' multitude were e«.
liiety ..ut tfTiii.'Ce-., ai|il Sabiniis himself was
bpoiit'ht to Vitellius. and then slain; the sobliers
also pluiidered the t.^mple of its oriiMUienls. and
set it on lire. Hut now within a diiyi's tune came
^ntouius, with bis arniv, and wei-e: met by \ itel-
lins and his army; and having had a battle in
three siveral places, the last were all destroyeil.
- Theadid Vitcltius come out of the palace, in hia
u cups, and salinled with an extravnirant nil. lux-
- uriUus nnol. as in the last extr. lu.ly; and beinij
,,..., ami iier-ua.led th. ni to conii.ly
with tiiiu, ami both lie and his
•aniir purpose, ...... .,^. ...... - . ,
with tliiu, ami both lie and his army .leserted;
but «till the V. r\ same night the selilicrs repent
' «d oV what thtv hjul done, and a f.:ar seiied on
• This i* \ajll otiBcrveil hv Joseplius, that Voitpaslan,
in orJer loscTT.re liis success, n.ui cstahlisli Ids i-ovcrw-
mcnt at lirrt,.li»tril.iil..l nisollicfsaml places upoal ic
foot of Juslicc, ami l..«lowc.l them on m.cli as LiW .le-
• wrved llie.a. and wei.' U^rt lit lor llic.n. U hicliwise
'^'
urM'un iiii-ui> "■-• I" •"• ...,-- - ■ ,■ T . -
drawn alon'j ihrbuRb the mullilude, and nliUs.;.l
ivith all soils of torments, had Ins head cut oil m
the midst of Koin.. having retaiiie.l the Kovern-
in.nt .iiiht .iiontlis ami live days ;+ a,id hail he
lived much loug.r. I .:aniiot but think the empire
yfould not hw.. been suflici.'.it lor b.» Inst. Ol
the other* that were slain, were iiu.nberrd above
iVftv thousand. This battle was fought on the
thiril day of the month ApellcusfCasleu;] on the
next day Muciiipus ca.ue iatotlic city with hii
selves. And.indeeil.SfallL'cr justly roinplaiin.ai Dr.
Huilsiiu oliservei.onehap.ix.w.l.2.-tli»t tWipcriodli .
very ronf.iscil anil unccrlaia in the ailrietit uiilliori.
They were proliahly Bomc<|*la'iii routniiiporiiry lor
^vedua..a.a.ia weieU.! mn..,..n. wmcijwise --,;|--^S^lJ;^l^^:l=Mm!;;d^ J^^
tianily.aft ollierw.se. .iml ""/.M^S. , Tleir e*ill c" reip 1" Dio also, who «.y» that Vitcirin.
,„,1 .heir kl...j.loiim to vice «a.l '«'»';"'""•„ ^ f,,/ re^jm•7a v.'ar wilhiuJcn .lays, does y.-t estiniaie all
oizsn::^ Zi^:i;;!^yiri,.^-;i:o;^i^^'; i ;;^^i ik .Ui o. u. .Jr . h^? ma.^ .ban i yar, , . non.,, .
lierelorVil.'mas«..ioiiil!9.-. .lays, do not aKtcR Willi ami!! days. ,
iny ttoiiiauliiatoriuii».wlioalsoilis.-igtt«uniODgtlicini , v * . ■ .
dHok IV— chap. XI.
^■■Iriiiy, ■ml onlciaU-Atttoniu««iiillii» mm in Unve
y><li kllliiii;; fur lliiy Wirii itill Hturrliin;; Ititi
houMii, ttiiii killvil iiiiiiiy iif Viti'lliuii'ii aiililji'M,
■ml inaiijr »f~<lii: |iu|iulii('<', an iiii|i|HMiiifj; lliiMii to
b«ul' hi* party, |)revi'iiliii(f liy tlirir ra);c uiiv IM>
cura(«di»tiiictiiiii lirlivi'i'ii tlu'iii iiikI oilun.' Ho
tht^ii producicl Uuiiiitinii, luiil n niiiiiiiemlL'il lil|ii
to the nmllituilv, unlil liis liillur •Imiild cuiiic
hiiiiu'll'i (u till- (H'uplc lliiiig now IVumI Iroiii
tlirlr Utnn, iiinik' iicclHiiialiDiin uf joy lor Vtn-
p'naii, aa lor llu ir im|icrur, aiul.'krpt ristiviil
dnvil'or lii^t cuiilinimtioii, iiiid tor tho di'atriirti>)n^
•iVilcllius. '■f
5. And now, ii» VuH^mniiin wiia cuiiie to Alcx-
aildrin, tliiii i;o<iil ilt'Wj ciiiiitr iVoii) liinuc, and iit
lh«' tame time ruiiii! I'lidiai'aii « Irorii nil his oivii
lialiilHble rarlh, to '•'<>ii!;ratiilaU! him upon hit ad-
vuni'omfiit ; and lhuii);ii this Alixanlrii was thr
greatval ul' all cilirH unM lu Konic, it pnivtid too
narrow 10 cunlaiii tin! niiilliluili: tlial ihtii canio
to It. So upon thin lionlinnulion ol' Vi">pai.iai|'ii
entire Kovrriinii nt. wliiih wat now siitltd, and
upon 4 he untxpi rti'd (it livi'nnx'c- ot' the piddic
anairiol' the Koniaiis iroiii ruin, Vvitpasian tiinitMi
hii thoughts til what rtmaiued unsuliiUied in
Jndea. liowcvcr, he hiiiiH'lt' made hiiste to );u
to Kuiiir, u^ the tvintrr wut now alniont oier,
and won »et the all'aira of Alexaiidrla in u^riliir.
S23
but ifilLinijaii Titu** with ■'jclort part of hii
arinv, to ihttfoy Jcruaalcni. .So 'I'iliii Inarrhcd
on loot an I'arai j\iropoh«, whlrh t^diitani twcntf
fnrioni;') Inmi AU-nandriaj thir« hit put lii< array
on board «uin«! lonj; idiipH, and i.-iirid upon tha
rivi'r aloa^ Iht' Mi ndooian Nonnii, n* far a* the
citv i'lnuiM": .thTre he Rot iiiif of Ihr ihips, rnd
walki'd on loot, and lodj^i'd all ni^ht at a unM
rily cullfd Tann. Uih urondjilation was llerB-
cli'opulin, and hn third I'rlutiiun, he then re-
frenhed his army nt that place for two iln\«, and
on the third passed over the month of tfie Nile
ut I'elusiuin; he then proi'eeded one atali'ii over
the desert, aiid pitched his canip at the temple of
the (Jasian .lupiler," and on the next'day at 0«-
Iracine. Thi*. station had no watir, Inil the
pi'iipli' of the country make use of Water l)riin);ht
lr(M» other places. Alter tins hen steil at Kliinocu-.
lura, and from Ihvnce lie ivent toHaphin, which
wa« hia fourlli atatioii. This city la the he^in-
ni»(» of Hyria. Korliis fifth atafion he pilchrd
Ilia camp at tia/.a; after whiih he came to Ai^
ralon, and thence to J.iiniiia, and alter that to
Juppa,&nd from Joppa to Cicsarea, havin;; taken
a ri'»iilution to gather nil hi* other forcet toge-
ther at that place.
* Thcro are roinii of thlt Caiian Jupiter illll eltanit
aa i<panbDiiii here Infnrina ua.
1^
BOOK V
CONTAI.MSO THE I.NTERVAL OF J»!AR SIX MONTIIS.-FROM TIIF. COMl.NG OF TtTlTfl TO BE-
SIEGE JERISALEM TO THE GREAT E.\THEM1TY TO WrilOII THE JEWH WERE REDUCED. "
CHAP. I.
Concerninff (he Scdilion aljeriisahm, and wImI
terrible Miatr^cs affUcled Iht Cihj lnj tkcir
Meant.
} 1. \VHK.\, therefore, Titus had marched over
that dcaert which Ijea between Kgyptnnd Syria,
:u the manner loreiiiciitioned, he came to Cieaa-
rea, having re?olvetl to aet his forces in order
at that place before he he^an the wAr. iNiiy, in-
deed, wnile he Ha- iis.sialiiig Ilia father nt Alex-
andria in settling that guverumrnt which had
been newly conferred unitn them by Ciod, it »o
happciiqd, that the sedition at Jerusalem waa
revived, and parted into three factions; and, that
one. faction lousht against the other, whicli imr--
tition it) such evil cases may be said to be "a good
thing, and the ellV'ct of divine justice: -i\ovv, as
to the iittack llie zealula niade'opon the peojile,
and which I esteem the liegiii'niug of the city's
deitruction;it. Iiath been already' explained after
an accurate mnniier; us also Avlience it arose,
and to how great a nii»vliief it was increaseil.
But, fur the iircsent sedition, one should notinis^
takeif he calledit a-seditiou iH^gulten i>y anotlier
•ettiiion, and to be like a njldAbiast grown mad.
Which, tor \v;int of food from abroad, fell now
upon eaiini; its own llesh.
^■2. For Kleiizar, tlie son of Simon, who made
the first i>epaiatioii of the lealots from the peo-
ple, and made them retire into the temple, ap-
peared very angry at John's insolent attempts,
which he inudo every day upon tile people; tor
this man never lel't olf iiiiirderiug; but the truth
waa, that he could not bear to submit to a tyrant
who set up alter him. S»j he biing desirous of
gaining the i iitirc power and dominioii to liini-
•elf, revolted I'roin JoKii, aiid look tuiJIiis assist-
ance Judas, the son of Chehvins, and Simon, the
ion of Ktroji, who were among the men of great?
4te»t power. There was aNo with him lle/.ekiuh,
Ihe son of Chob.lr, a person of iininence. I'iach
° •Tlili appears to lie lliR first lime Unit the zealot*
fenlurcd to pollulc this most sacroil ruiirt ul° llie teiii.
pic, wliirh wnH llicroiirl of Hic piiesiH, wherein llic
lemple niieir ami tlie altar eiooil. ^'o that tiicruiijcc- on that place already
tureof.thuac that would inirrnrvt tlinl /.achaiiai!. Who
68 "
/
of the!ie,.werc followtd by a groat many of the
zeahits; these seitiii iipoji the inner court of the .
leniple,* and laid their lirnis upotf tlie holy galea,
and over the holy fronla of that court. And be-
(ause they had plenty of provision*, they were
of good coitragc, for there was a great abun-
dance of wliat «>aa roii<ecrale<l to aacred uael,
Htnl they scrupled not the making use of^lheiu;
yet were they afraid on account of tlieii- Jyiial •
number. Mid when they had laid up their arini
there, they did not«lir from the place they were
in. MowaatoJohn,H'hatudyanlage hehadnbove
Kleazar in the niulliluije of his followers, the. like
disadvantage he had in the situntiun he was' in,
since he had his enemies ovt'r his head; and ai :
he could not make' any assault upon thi in with- .
(ml lonie terror, so was his anger too great to let
them be at rest; iiuy, nllhoiigli he aiitlired more
mischief froin Kleaiurand hia party than he would
liillict upoiitliem, yet would he noP.leave ofl' as-
saulting thrni, tnaimiuch that there were ron-
tiwial willies iii:ide one against another, and the
temple was delilcd everywhere with'lllurders.
3. Ilul now the tyrant Simon, the'son of 010*
rua, whom the people had iiiviteil in, out of the
hopes llie.y had of his assistance in the great di»-
-Iresses tiley were in, having in his power the .
upjier cily, and a great part of.the lov«er, did noW
niakc-ntoru vehement assaults upon Jidin and hiiH
party, beujiiuse they were fought against from -
above also; yet , was h»! beneath their situation,
when he attacked them, , as they were benealh
the attacks of the oiIhts above thini. Wherebt it
camelo pass that John did both receive and inltict-;
great damage, and that easily, as he was I'ought -
against on both sides; and the same advantage
that KIcazar and hia party hail over him, sinco
he was beneath them, the same advantage hiid
he, by his higher situation, over .'«inioii. On
which accotfnl he easily repelled the attacks that
were made from benealh, by the weapons Ihi-owii
from their iiands only; but was Qbngcd to repel
waa alain ■! hclwecn the temple and tlw altar" Mntaral
niontlit liefnre. B. iv. oh. v. scrl 4, as if he wereilahi
there liy tlil-iie Malnln, i« prn;iiiill»M .. I hii^o nlt*T<
\
S24
thoM thit thr«w their dirt* from tho (empli
' abotte hiiu, by hit Mginei of <rar; for hv linij
luch eiigincii ai threw dartii, and javrlin*, aud
ttonei, and that iq no iiuall nuiiilii^r, by whicl^
he did not onljr defend hiinielf from tuch aai
. founjht againit him, but ilew nioreovrr many of,
the prii'itlt a* they were aliout tlieir lacred mi-
niitraiioni. For notwithitandingtlre»em«'n were
mad with all torti of impiety, yot did th«^j' ttill
: .admit thoie that deaired to ulfer their sacrifice!,
'although they took care to aearch the people of
their own country befurehund, and both impeet-
rd aud watched tliem, while they were nut to
■ muchVafraid of itraniferii, who, although they had
guttun liavi! of them, how cruel soever tliey wire,
to CAHue into that court, were yet often ili»troyed
by this teditiun; for those darts that were thrown
by the engine! came with that force that tlie;)^
tVcnt over all the buildingt, and reacherl as far
U8 tbie altar and the temple ittelf, and fi'l| upon
' the priests and those that were about the sacred
offices:* insomuch, th^t many persons who came
. thilher with great leal from the ends nf the
earth, to offer sacrifices at this celebrate<l place,
which «k'as esteemed holy by all mankind, fell
down before their own sacrifices tliemselvm, and
sprinkled that nitar which was venerable amoii);
all men, both tireeks and Barbarians, with their
own blood ; till the dead bodies of strangers were
mingled together. With those of Weir own coun-_
try, and those of profane persons with those of
the prients, and tne blood of all sorts of dead
carcasses stood in lakes in the holy courts tliem-
.selves. And no*, " O most wretched citj', what
'iiiisery so great^ns this didst thou suffer from
the Romans, whenthey cam* to purify thee from
thy intestine hatred? Kor thou couldst be no
longer a place fit for Uod, nor couldst thou
longer continue in -being, after thou hadst been a
lepulcbre for the bodiei of thy own people, and
hadst made tbt holy house itself a bury inn; place
in this civil wv of thine. Yet niayest thou again
grow better, if perchaiice thou wilt hereafter ap-
pease the anger of that God who is the author of
thy deBtruction."t But I must restrain myself
from these passions by the rules of history, since
this is not a proper time for domestic lamenta^'
tionB,*but for historical narrations; I therefore re-
turn to the operations that follow in this sedition.
4. And now there w*re three treacherous fftrtions
in the city, the one parted from the other. KliMznr
and his party, tliat kept the sacred first-fruits,
canieagainstJohn'intheircups. Those that were
with John plundered the populace, and went out
with zeal against Simon. This Simon hail his
, supply of provisions from the city, in opposition
to the seilitious. When, therefore, John was as-
saulted on both sides he made his men turn about,
throwing his darts upon ^hose citiicns that came |
up against him from the cloisters he had jn his
possession, while he opposed those that littiicked
nini from the temple by his engines of war. «And
. if at any time he was freed from those that were
above hnu, which hap|M^i»ed frequently, front
their bemg drunk and tired* he sallied out with a
Sreat number upon Simon and his party; and
lis he did always in such-parts of the city ns he
could come at, till he set oil fife thosfehaulestliat
• were full of corn,} and of all other provision?.
^ The same thing, was done by Simon, when upon
■ ' the other's retreat, he attacked the city also;
as if they liad on purpose done it li> serve the
Romans, b\ destrojin^; wht^t th$ city bad laid up
WARS OP THE JEWSi*^-^ "
against the »ieg«, and by tliin cutting off ft#
nerves of their oVii pownr. Accflrdin«ly, it tb
came to nasi, that all the places tliat were aboi/
the temple were burnt down, and were become
an intermediate djtsert space, ready for figlO'ilK
on both lides'of i'lf and tfeit rilmost aH that t orn
was burnt, w+iich .would have beensuflicient for
a siege of many yearn. So they werAtukeii by
tfi* means of the famine, which it vrtHY'"!""''"
ble they should have been, unless tlrfy hud thus
prepared the Way for it by this procA^ure.
S. And now, as the city was engaged in a war
on all sides, from these treacherous crowds of
wickol men, the people of the ci^v, hetivetn
them, were like a great body torn in pieces. The
aged min and the women were in sucl^xiistress
by their internal calamities, that they wished lui
the RomiinS, and earnestly hoped lor an exter-
nal war, in order to their delivery from their ilii-
mestic miseries, The citiitns themselvis wire
under a terrible consternation and fear; nor hiid
they any opiwrtunity of taking counsel, and of
schonging their conduct; nor were there any
Tiopes ol coming to an agreement with their ene-
mies; nor could such as hud a mind flee away ;
for guards were set at all places, and the heiiils
of the robbers, although they were seditious one
against another in other respects, yet did ihev
agree in killing those that were for pence wilh
the Ramans, or were suspected of an intliiiHlion
to desert to them, as their common enemies.
They agreed ill nothing but this, to kill ihosj
tliat were innocent. Tiie noise also of lho<e th
were fightii^ was incessant, both by day anilTby
night; hut Ihe lanienlations of those that mourn-
ed exceeded the other; nor was there ever Shy
occnsioMor them to leave off their laiiientations,
because their calamities canie perpetually one
upon anotheri aUhough the deep consternation
they were in prevented their otttward wailing;
hut being constrained by their fear to conceal
their inward passions, they were inwardiv to
inVqtcd, without daring to open their li|,>« ; ■
groans. Nor was anv reganl paid to those that
were «dl alive by their relations; nor was there
any care taken of burial for those tll^^wero
Uefid; the occasion of both which was ttiis>»hat ■
every one despaired^ of himself; for those fljBt
-were not among the seditious had no great de-
|pes'ii)f any thing, as expecting for ceiliiiii thnt
tWw'shoublverj- soon be destroyed; but tor llif
seditious themselves, they fought ae;aiii3t each
other, while they tro<l upon the dead bothrs as
they lay heaped oiie upon another, and taking
up a mild rage from those ilead bodies tliat were
under their feet, ■became the fiercer thereupon.
They, I'niireover, Vere slill inventing sonuwhat
or other that was pernicious ujjainst thenisilycs;
and when they had ri'solyed upon anv thiujj;,
thev extnited it without mercy, and omitted mo
iiiethoil of torment or of barljaiily. iVaj , John
abused the sacred materials,} and . euiplovid
them in the construction of his engines of Hiir;
for the people and the priests had foriiitrlv
dcteriiiint:<l to support the . teiu|)|e. and riiisc
the holy house twenty tubits higher; f>r king
Agripj^a had at a very great expense, and lyith
Very great paiiw, broiignt thither such liiatcrials
as tvere proper for that purpijse, being pieces of
timber very well worth seeing, both for their
.stniightnesg and their largeness; but the war
coming on, and. interrupting the work, Joht had
them cut; and prcpure'd for the building him
•TheLevitcD. , ' . ■ . , ■
fThls IB ,111 e»f client rellertion of Josophusiiirliidmi;
bit hopes of ibe resiorotioii nf ttie Jews uiion Hft'ir re-
pentatire.sce Aniiq. II. iy.rh. Viii.scrl.Ki, whifh islhc
grauii llo/ie of Itrael, as .Mnnassehlien Israel, the fa-
mous Jewish ralihi.slvlcs II, hi liis small ImiI reinarka-
ble treatise on thiit 8uliJert,of whirh llic Jewish pro-
ph o t s aro e v o ry wher e lull , i Hontl i e prinr l palnf those
•=K
olli
proplieries rollcrteil lojiellier ut the enil of the Essay
OB 'he RrvehitioR,' p.iio I'.';.*, JLr *
I Tbii destruction ot sncli a vast quantity of corn and
other provisions. i\« li.-is sufficient for many years, wa?
ihe direct ocrasioii gf that Icrrilile Ihnlinc Wlilclr con-
'suined iiiiredilHe niimlH^rs of Jews in Jerusalem rtiinng
itisicw. Nor prolaWv ronldilic Roinaiis have taken
this rjiy, after nil. Imd ixit thes<' seclilirtim Jews lieen so
infiiliiaieil as thus madly to lieslroy wlial Josepllus
hern iusllv styles " the nerves of Iheir poWer."
A ■l'lii«Viiiilii'i'.''t)i'H>^'.wns designed for l^e sehiiilding
those iwciityiiiiditloniii ouiiils Iiftlie liUlyliouse aUOT*
the hundred whirh had fu'lcn down some jlear«liefor^
Bee the note on Antiq, B. xv. cli. xl. sect, 3
loWer
ir lye
ulylio
lie jle
, lowers, he fmdir
from them those
the ti'Uiple that
them lirnught ui
over ngalnsl the
alone he euuld c
sidles of that col
nut let thi^in con
tf. Thus did Ji
enemies by tliesi
piety; but tiod
jiaius would proi
the Romans U|n
any of his tower
■ together part of
ordered the re
marched out u
those three legi
father, vtheii he
that twell'ib l<i
beaten with Ci:>
otherwise remai
march on lioiv
theiiiselyes on tl
they hud forinei'l
legions he ordei
going throiighvK
By Jericlioj. he
with the rest:
auxiliaries that c
morv in number
siderable nuuibr
from Syria. 'I'h
but of these, fuu
DUB to Italy, hai
those soldiers th
whirh were two
armies at Alexai
three thousand (
the river Kuphr
rius Alexander,
Taluabl|>, botli f>
hit prudence. I
of Alcxanilria,
be general of tht
•on of this n\^, i
had encouraged
this his new don
with great fidelil
and firtune haci
also followed Ti
to him in this w
tuch afiiiirs.
Hote THtut marc
(It Danger, as
Ofiht i'lace «
{ 1. Now as '
fDeiiiy'scoontry
by Ihi^ kings mu
auxiliaries with
that were to pre
the camp; them
and after that th
pletelv armed tc
himself, having
and theil came
the horse beloi
came before the
came the tfibum
' *-Tliere being n
irettshlcoftlieroi
: tUawai the only s
:bf6isrhahi, rmilil
Hera of that rourt
rthetourt of Israe
the deicription of
t y/« may here
and Oiwar^iy ioi
than t'leeiniieror'
and hi* rattier V
Mew Tettamcnt s
llatt.U,3S,tliout
•=K
him
y yenT«, wafl
! u^liiclr coit-
•alcin diiring
dhuvr taken
lews liiK'nao
int JfHK'pllUB
fcr,"
Le whiiilding
\lOU«e»DOT«
yetnlieforci
BOOK A'.-CHAP. H.
525
, (o7cra, he fiiiding them loiifj; enough in oppoM'
fruiii tlieiii thiisc hi* wdvcritiirK* thiil loiigltt Iniiii
Xhii li'iiiple (hilt wiu iibovv liiiii. Jl« nlso hnil
Ibviii lirought uihI crfi'U'il brUiml thr iiiiirrrmirl
owr Hguintl thv wcit eml ol' th<',<:luiiti>r, whcru
kIoiig Uv rouM enrt th«Mi." »vh<riii» the othtr
tillr<i ol' Ihiit court hnd to iimiiy alr|i> as tvoulil
nut li't tht^in roiui! iii^h I'miiij^li to lhi> cloiitir*.
tf, Thu»diil Juhii h»|H! to iu: too hiird lor liia
enemies l)_v thcxe cnf^iiira ronstniCU'd \)y his iui-
piety; l>ui (iod hiriiidf <li uiiiHstrated thut his
|iuius tvuuld pruvi! ut no une tu him. Uy hr'in)(iii|'
th« KoiiiHUi upon hiiii, bdorr h« hiid niirtil
(ny ul his towcrn; lor Titus, ivhrn he hud frottrn
together part ol' hit I'orcts uhout him, ami had
ordered the rest to meet him at Jerusuh in,
luareheU out ul CicsareH. tie bad with him
those three higions ihnt hnd ncconipanied his
father, when h« luid Juilea wnite, together with
that twtdl'lb h<(;ioii which hud been furnierly
beatrn with CeKtius; which legfion, as it 'Vviis
otherwise reiniirkabic lor its valor, so did it
march on liow with grOat uhicrity to n\'enKC
theniselyes on the Jews, o* rehieiiibcrin!; what
they hud I'oriiiei'ly suli'ered from them. Ol'thcKe
Icgiuns he urdered the lilTlh to inerf him, by
coing thruugh^Kminaus, and the tenth to gu up
By Jericho {. he ulso niuved himself, together
with the rest: besides which, marched those
Mi^ilinries that cnnie from the kings, being now
morv in number than bel'ure, together with a i-on-
iiderable number that came to his nssistiince
from Syria. 'I'hose also that htul been' selerlMit
but of these, fuur legions, and sent withMucin-
nus to 'Italy, hud their places tilled up out of
those soldiers that came outof K{;ypt with 'I'iluM,
which were ttvo thousand men, cho.Hcnoiit of the
ariuies nl Alexandria. ^I'here I'uIIohi d him also
three thousand drawn from thiise that guarded
the river Kuphmtes; as also, there came Tibe-
rius Alexander, who was a friend of bis, must
Taluablf, both for his froud-will to him, and for
hit prudence, lie hud formerly been governor
of Alexamlrin, but wiis now tboiight worthy to
be general of the iiriiiv [under 'I'itus.] 'I'he rea-
son of this n\^, that hejiad been the tir>t who
had encouraged Vespasian very lutily to accept
this his new doifiinion, and joined hiiiiself to him
with ereuf fidelity, when things were uncertain,
and nirtune had' not yet declured for him. He
alio followed Tilns as A counsellor, viery useful
to him in this war, both by his age and skill in
tuch afliiirs.
CHAP. II.
How THlut marched lo Jerusalem, ani{ how ht mat
in Danger, as he was taking^ a I'iefn of the C'Uy.
Of the i'lace alto where htpilcheithis Camp.
{ 1. Now as Titus wasupon bis march into the
fDeiny'scoontry, the auxiliaries that^ were sent
by the kings marched first, having n|l the Other
aoxilinries with them, after whom followtsi those
that were to{tre|iare the roads, and measure out
the camp; then came the commanders' baggage,
and after that the other soldiers, who wereconi-
pletelv armed to support them; then came Titus
himself, having with him aftother select boily.
and theit came the pikemen ; nft<;r whom cnme
the horse belonging to that legion. AH these
Ciune before the engines, and after these engines,
came the tribunes aiid the leaders of the cohorts,
' *-Tliere being no (ate on the west, and only on the
. wettsMcof tlie court oftbe priests, andsu no stepslhere,
: thiawai the only side thnttheseditious. under this John
ioifGisrbahi, niuld hrlni; lhc;r engines elOsc to the rlois-
ten of that rourt endways, Ihoii'li u|inh tlie floor of
: theeourt of Israel, i^ee tlie srheine of that temple in
'> the dvinriptionofilic temples hereto beloiifrinii.
f^e may here note, that Titus Is here railed a" *i»;?
Ud fytiarjity Jolu-pliiis, even while he was no more
than t'leeiniiefor'ii son and general of the liumaii army
nii€
m
and ni* taliier Vrspaalan was atlii ativc, Jasi ■« ilie ^
M«w Teitamcnt spy^ jlretefaNS rn'^nf, or »«» «in!..
Matt, Uf Si, tbbutb h« jrai properly no iiioro than cth .
with their •elect bodies; after these .f|me tha
> ensigns, with the eagle; and before tluse eniigni
I came the Ifuhipiters belongiiii; to them; next to
I these came the main liody of the army in ilinir
I ranks, eViry legion being six deep; the servant!
belonging to everv legion came alter these; and
bel'urci,theiie last tWir lmggage;*the merrenarirf
came l.isl, anil tho«e that guarded Iheiii broiicht
I up the rear. ISuw Titus, accortlinp; lb (he Ro-
1 man usage, went in (he front of ^he army nfter^a
; decent manner, and mnrihed throngh SaiintrlnSo
j tiophna, n riiy that had been formerly tnlten By
I his father, ami was then garrisoned by lioman
i soldiers: and, when he had lodged (here An«^^>
j night he marched on in the mormiig; and when ' '
I he hud gone nii far as a day's march, lie |iiteh«d
his camp at that valley which (he Jews, in their
own tongue, call Tlie Valley of, 'I'horns, near
a certain villace called <.inbao(h-saul, W-hicli sigr
nifii'H, The Hill of Saul, being dis(an( from Jeru-
salem iibnu( thirty fu'ibmes. There >( Was that
he cliOse out six hnnllfe(r select horsemen, and
went tutake U view of the city, to observe what
tlrengtli it was of, and how courageous the Jewi
wen-; whether when they (law him; and before
they came to « direct buttle, they wuiild bcvaf-
frighted ami submit; for he had been inforinedi
wha( was really (riii , that lh(! peojdc who wrr*
fallen under the power of the sadilious nnd the
robbers, were greatly (lesili)us of ))ence;liut be-
ili<^ too weak to rise up against the rest, they lay
still.
2. NpW, so long as he rode along the straight
roail which led (u the wall of the city, nobody
appeared out <if (be gates; but when he went
iiiit uf that load, and I'.ilined towards the tower
l'!<ephinu.«, nnd led (lie baivl of horsemen ob-
liipiely , an immense number of the Jews leaped
out suddenly nt the towers culled the Women's
Towers., through that gate which wns over
again!.! the nioiiiiiiients of Queen Heleim, <>and
intercepted hit horse; mid, standing directly op-
posite to thiiue that still ran ahmg tne road, hin-
dered them from joining (hose that had declined,
out of it. They interrepied Titus also, with •
Jew others. Now it Was here impossible for hint
to go forwaril, because nil the places had treiich-
e« ilug in them from the wail to preserve the
j;arilens round about, Hnd were lull of gardens
ohtitpiely situated., and of man\ ht-d<ceH; nnd to
return back. ti)bis own men, he saw it was also
inipoHsibIc, l^l^enson of tlie multitude of the ene-
mies that la^ielween them; many of whom did
nut so much as know that (he king was in any
dnnger.f but Supposed liimstill uinoiig them. So
he perceiveil, tiint his preservation must be
wholly owing to his own courage, anil turned hii
horfle about, and cried out nioud to (IioSr that
were about him, to follow him, and ran with vio-
lence into the midst of his enemies, in order to
force his wnythrou|;b them (ohis^n men. And
hence, we may principully liarn,'^a( both tlie
success of wars and (he dangers (lm( kings( are
in, are under (hejirovidcnce of (.iml ; I'm* whila ,
such a number of darts were (hrown ht Titus,
when he had neither his headpiece on, nor his
breastplnte, (for, IIS I tidd yo)i, he w;ent out not
to light, but to view the city,) n luc of them
touched his body, but went aside without hurt-
ing him, as if all of them missed liiiiV on pur-
pose, and oiily made a noise as they passeJ by
narr.h, as Josephns assures us, Antiq.B-xvit.ch. xl. ',
siTt. 4; Of. the War, U. ii. rli.vi, sect. 3. Thus ala»
the Jews railed (ho Ruui.'in einjicrors kingt, (honRh
they never tooktitnt tllle to themselves: K'< kavi n»
*i»i' »H( Cir.iflr, John xil. I.'i: Sulimit to lh« ling at
■tupreme, t I'ei; ii. i:i. 17; whlrhisalsotlielansnageof
the Apoatolir.nl Constitutions. Ii. II. M; Iv. 13; y. Il(;
vi.2.!!5; vll.IH; vlii.i.', i:i: nnd elsewhere In the New
Tcstnmcnt. John xit. !.'>.' Miirt.x. IH; ivii. 35; I Tim.
ii 2, and III Josepliiisnlso; ttiouiih f su-'iiect Jnscphu*
pArikiilafly esie<!MiPd Tlius nsjuint kin; wiili Ids ftitlier
ever sinrc liis divine droains (ha( declsred iliem
both such, n. iii. cb. viii. sect. S. ] See the abotre note
I
I
WARS OF THE JEWS.
880
him. Sohadtvctlrd tlioie p«rpelui«lly wUh hli
itroril that riiiiie on lili •iile, and ovrrturnril
many of tbu(« that ilirectlv iii«( him, anil inad«
hii huraeriila over tho<« that w«re overthrown.
The vncniy indeed made a great ihout at the.'
bokHiii'KS of Ciciar, and exhorted one another t(^
ruah ti|)on him. Yet did tliuic againil whom he
• marched fly away, and go off from him in great
DUinbert; while thoiie that were in (be >Bme dan'
ger with him kept up cloae to him, though they
were wounded- botli iin their backt and on their
■idea ; for they had each of tliem but thia one hope
of cacaping, if they dbuld luniat Titua ia opening
hiiimelf a way that he niij;ht not be enconipnaaeu
round by hia eiiemiea before he got away from
them. Now, there were two of iTioic.thAt Were
with liim, but at lome diatance ; the one of which
the •nemy cncompaaaed round, and tlew him
with their ihirtt, and hia horae nlao;but the other
thry alew aa he leaped down from Ilia hor>e, and
carried olC hia hoirae with them. Itut Titua i-f;
rapcd with ^ rcat, and came aafe to^^e camp.
So thia aucceat of the Jcwa' first atlffik raiaed
their ininiTi, and (rave them an ill-gniuiidi'd hope ;
and thia abort inclination of fortune on their aide,
niaile them vtry^conrpgtouj for the future.
3. But now, a)| toon at that Itigion that had
been at Einmaua waa joined to Cwaar at night,
he removed thence, when it waa day, and came
to a |>lace callcil Scopua< fnimmrhence the city
,begaii already to be aeen, ami a plninview might
'be taken of the grent temple. Accordingly, thia
place, on the north i|unrtrr of the ct^-, and join-
ing thereto, Iwak a plabb and very properly
nuiurd Scopua, [the prplKt,] and.'yaa nivmore
than seven furlongs diatMR from it. And here it
waa thi^ Titus ordered a camp to'be furlirird for
two Tegiona that were to be together, biiforiler-
ed another camp to be fortified, at three furlongs
farther dirtanre behind them, for the fifth Ifgioii;
for ho thought ^lat, by marching In the nigl^t
they might be tired, mid might deserve toTie
covered from the enemy, and with leta fear
might fortify t^Vliaelvi's; and, tf« these v*er<' now
beginning to build, the tenth legion, v\\ig\\ came
through Jericho, was already come ta.tJMi place,
where S certain parly of arnied mcn^qat) forr
merly lain, to guard that pass iiitp th«^(y, and
- had been taken before by Vcspasiaii. .^lese le-
?;iai|9 had orders to encamp at the distMt-e of six
urkings from Jeruaaleni, at the luount cAlled the
Mount of Olives,* which lies oyer _nga|n8t the
city on the east sulc, and is parted froiti it by a
deep valley, interposed between' Ijiem, which is
named Cedron. , ' .
4. Now, when hitherto the several parties in
the eity had been dashiiig one against another
perpetually, this foreign war, now suddlnlv come
, u|ion theni after a violent manner^ put the 5rst
' atop to their contentions one ugainst another:
and, as the seditious now sa«^ tviln aslonishmeiit
the Romans pitching three several caiims, they
began to think of an" awkward sort of concord,
and said one to another, ^' What do we here, and
what do we tnean, when we suffer three fortifie'd
. walls to be built, to coop us in, that we shall not
be able to breathe freely: while the enemy is
tecurely building a kind of city in opposition to
us, and while we sit still within our uwHi walla,
and become spectators only of wha^ they are,
doing, with our bands idle, and our armor laid
by, as if they were about somewhat that was for
our good and advantage. 'W* are^ it seem; , (so
did • ■ ■ ■ ■ "
•elVi
did they encourage one another tvhen they were
Sotteii togcthef, and took their armor imme-
iately, ami ran out upon the tenth legion, and
I the Romans W i th great . eagerness , and
Dur good and advantage. vv« are^ ii aeem«t i^so
did they cry out,) only courageous against our-
lelves, while the Romans are likelv to gain the
city without bloodshed by our sedftion." Thus
f e U upon the Romans w i th great . eagerness ,
with a pr()digi/>us ahMlt,' M thejr were fortifyrnc
their camp. These' Roinnns were cau)|lit iiidir
fi rent parlies, and Ihia, in order to (lerform their
aeverfl works, and on that alcounl had In a great
measure laid aaide their «ri\ia; for they thought
the Jrwa would not , have ventured l'> make a
aally ujmn Ihem, and, had they been diaposojl so
lu do, they suppoacd their aedition wuuhl have
diatrkcted.thciit. So they were put into dtiorder
unexpectedly; «vhen tofne of them left their
works they were about,, and iiHnierliately march-
ed off, while many ran to their arma, but were
smitten i(iid alain before they could turn back
upon the efiemy. The Jews biecama atill piore
and more \u number, as encouraged by the good
auCcess of those' that first made the attack; ai^:
while they had such good fortune, they aeenieilt
both to themselves and to the enemy, to be many
■mire than Ihey really were, Thediaorderlc:.|vay
of tlieir lighting jnt nrat put the Komant alio to
a stand, vvlio had been constantly used to fight
akilfully in good order, Itkl witt|-1ie?pinc their
ranks, and obeying the orders that fvere given
them; for which reason the Roroaiis were caught
unexpectedly, and wore obliged to give ««bv to
the assaiilts that were made upon tlieni. Now
when the Komans were overtaken, and turned
back upon the Jaws, they put a atop to their ca-
reer, yet, when they did not take care enough of
thi^mcelves through the vehemency of their pur-
suit, they were- wounded by them; but, as atill
more and more Jews sallied out of the city, the
Roiuaiia were at length brought into cnnluaion,
and put to flight. a'niF ran away from their camp.
Nay, things looked as though the entire legidn
would have been in danger, unless Titus had
'bi^u infurmed df the case tli^y were in, and had
seni/. them succors 'immefliately. So he re-
proached them for their cowardice, and brought
those back (hat ,were running away, and (ell
jiiiiiseU upon the Jewi on their flank, with those
seli'i-t troops thttt were with Him, and slew a con-
siderable number, and wounded more of theriit
anf^plit ^lem all to flight, artd made them run
avi^y ^hastily down the valle'y. Now, as ijiese
Jews sulfered greatly in the.deilivity of the val-
ley, so,' when they were gotten over it, they
td^cd about* anci stood over against the Ko- .
mans, having (he valley bc(wefn them, aijd there
foilght with them. Thus did they continue the
figlit till noon; but when it «a> already a little,
alter noon, Titus set those that came to th^ as-
sistance of the Romans with him, and thoK^hat
belonged to the cohorts, to prevent the Jews
from making any more sallf/rs, and then sent the
rest of the legion to the upper part of thti nioun
tain to fortifv theircamp.
5. H'Kis march of the R^mana seemed to the
Jews to be a flight ; and at the watchman who
was ]ilaced upon the wall, gave a signal by shakr
ing his garment, there came out a fresh multi-
tude of Jews, and that with luch mighty vio-
lence, that one might compare it to the runniag
of the most terrible wild beasts. To say the >
truth, none of those that opposed thepi could sus-
tain th^furv with whichthey made their attacks:
but, as if ttey had been cast out jof an engine, ,
they brake the enemies' ranks ta piecei, who
were put to flight and ran away to the mountain,
none biit Titus himself, and a few others with
him, being l*ft iA thft midst of the acclivity. Now
these others who war* hia friends, despised the
clanger they were in, and were ashamed to leave
their general, earnestly exhorting him "to give
way to these iews that are fond of dying, and
not run into stiqh dangers before those that
ought to stay before him; to cotiaider wliat hit
fortune was, and not, by supplying the place of 8
fcommon soldier, to venture to turn back upon
thi> enemy so auddcniy, and this because he was
*ThiB altuatioti of the Mount of Qlivea on (he east of-
Jannalem, at ahout the distance of flvo or six furlonpi,
with tlia valley of C'oilron inter|iOMd betwtcn that
mountain and the city, are things well known hofli la
the Old anil New Testament, in Josepbua eiNWbere,
and in all the dc«:ilptkini of faluiliiie.
I«iieral in the
e*rth, on whjiic
da all dipeiid\"
cd not sii much
thatian upon hi
and, when he h
slew theni ; he i
they marched dc
ward; while the
courage and bin
direct to the citj
sides, anil presi
hilU'yetdidhe
a stop to their (
der and a terror
fortifying their i
their aceing Ihu
insoiuiich that t
while thay thou
upon tli > Mi wffr
Titus^aii hiiiii
touk/it for gruiil
would nc-ver lia
' ««);oiu|>a4!<t.(l oil
fcarr iiiiil Hoiiit-
anil some anothi
general in the \
ing under great
proclaiiui'il the
legion, and now
and they reprob(
wprse than run
. diey used their
and (iecliiiiiig frt
(beni OH heaps
Then did the J
■ but as tlley wei
becani'i' the Kix
grouuil, and vve
thenlull into tlit
(hose tliitt w<To
again to fiirtily I
tSat Were with
and ke|>t them fi
lunch, that if I
any (liing out c
tkuig out ol' env
Ca!sar did twice
, it was in jeopan
tanit]^ of fortifyi
How the StdUio
taltm, and yet
Homana. ' Hn
ditmfor Ihcir
{ 1. As now tb
theSeditiiiu wit
of iinteuVeniuUj
being the fiiurt<
fus [Nisnn,} wl
first .freed from
* party opened tb
the] temple, aiii
were <lesiruus to
made use of thii
Cherous designs,
able of his own
Were not piiritiei
Ibeir garments,
into4he temple,
*Here wc see.
ben of Jews thni
by Tims, ami perl
' tbefeiist of tlicl'i
tildes of JcwK nii(
from all parts of
arderl4>releliratci
Ti. chap, ix. seel.*!
itw numlier oi nie
hm, when it was
be^n informed, w
bave licrn lakcii f
iiemioM the nuui
'>m
■s)
■■„:::-yr f
;■;•:■■'■. ■:■.■■■;•;-■■;."::.■ BOOK. V.i<HAr. III. :■::■■;■: -k.i.'yi^^ 507
,|«nenil in the nnr, nitfl Irird of tlir ii!il)ilnMii;^riii«c1 in^n, nhrn (he/ nrri' ):(i|t^ii in, llinir
Ifrth, tin whuie prcn-rVaduii tlit- |iiihlii' ntliun I tlivir f^rrilriiln uwii), iiiitl i)rri<(llitl2t .uiipinrcil ID
da ill <U'|irii(l\;' Thene'iHTJuu^Minn Tilu" «'ifnil| tVtr Mriiiikr. lAnir whiili iliirt-liiiii a vrry
tii not' «! iiiiich ni (p Iwar, but op|ib>yi< tho||i! I Kmil ili»(>r|fi r uml ilUibrhiinrc ntuml l)ii- linly
thitiran iipun him, Hud iMintv Ihini on the («<;>•.; I Iiiiujc; t«liiU llii' |ii'iifilr, who liiiii im I'mii ^rn in
(0(1, ttbin )u! hiiil (orcfd Ihvni to ')(u bai'k, h«{ ih^ iii'(lliiou,yii|i|iiiiril ilmt tin* iioaiill m.i< mH(1*
ikwthi'iii; he nito l«ll uitnii irPi :it nuiubcrii «• | iiKiiinil nil nyiicmt ili>|jiirti<)ii; n« ihi ^f.ilutt
they iiinri-hcd ilown th« hijl, mill thrilit Ihrni tor- I lli(iii|{hl it ^\i\i iimilt' uguinat lhii|»ifhi.i only,
ward; while thole iiun wire >o amaiiil at hii | ,S(i llirte Jiri o|l gu.inliii^ l4ii' pii<« ;>ii\ loii'jpr.
■.courage nm'l iiin >tTrii|;th, tlint lliey cimhl not llv
direct to the city, but ili'trlini'ir front hiiii on both
■iiles, anil nreueil utter llu>te that iKil tip tlur
hill ;.'yet dill he ntill'rull upon Iheirllnnk, nnil put
a itup 16 their t'liry. In the ntean time, a diior-
'deraiid a terror (ill D);uin u|ion lho»' thiU were
furtifyiii); their camp at the top of the hilf, upon
their (Ct^inK Ihoiie beneath Ihein running iiwity ;
iiiioiuuch thut thiv^luile legion wii^ diipirai'i^'
while thsy thotigl)^lhi(t the Dallies of. the Jewr
upon tli ^j ti iTPfejlainly insu|>|Hir!iible, anil tlint
'litui^ai hiiixeir put to llij;h(; becaiine they
touk/it fuj- grunleil, that, if hrlinil itnid, the rmt
woulil iicvtr have lleil for it, . Thii» «ver» th4y
' t»)poiii|>a!)!n.<l oii every iiile by a kijltl of pnnic
fearr iiiiil Huine iliypiriKil theiiitilvea one tviiy,
■nil ionie another, till certain of thffii iiiw thi^ir
general in the very uiiilst'of an iictiou, anil, be- ' «eiair U|kiii tliia inner temple, iiiiil u|Hin iilithti.
ing under great concern for hiui, they loudly. ! wuilike eiiglnej therein, nnil thi^ii wnturftl (o
t)raclaiiued the dan<rer he win In to the entire oppime Simon. 'And tNu» that iiediljoB, which
egion, and now ahanic made them turn hack, , had been divided into three faciliini, Wai naw
and they reproached ^le nnolher, that they did reduced to two.
wprtc than run away, by dejierlin); Cienar. "^
: diey used 'Hieir ntmi| ' ' - ' " *' '
and decliiiiiijr from
■d leaped iloitn. I'riim their ballli nn nt' bi lore
Ihi-y came to an\en);a);riii<'nt, and Hid aiiai into
the *iibterrnneai^ caM rnii of the tnj^ib 'Hliiln
the p«l|>|de that «j«ioi| treniblini; at the kIJ ir, ami
about the holy hnnsr, wert' rolled jm bi\ip<' lU'
getlier, and triinipWd iipDn.aild wereJiealAii bnlh
with Woollen and With iron weapon* with. lUlnar-
cv. Such aUii, an had diirerencru with nllien,
•l?w iniiiiy piAntiitf that were uiiiit. nul of tliejr
own private enmity and hatred, at if they were
oppoaite to the necfitions; aiyl nil thuac (hnt Jiad ,
foniierly Olfend* d anv of theae plullera, were now '
knoHriii and were leil luyay to the alaiitthler: anil
when they liad done HiMiiidniice of hurrttl^mia-
chief to tlie Kuilllea*, they^'ranled a lruca>to tli*
H^iiilty, aliil lit tlio»e go lili that Came out of the
oavefna. 'rheac fidloivera of Jidin alxo ilid now'
iii'M^Hlie aiioiiier, iiMU iiiey iiiii renui eii lo iwo.
nway, by deserting Cieaar. So 'i. liut Titya, Intending to nitch his camp near-
itmuat lorre acaiiiat the Jena, er to llajf city than Scojm.i, placed as many of hii
11 theatmil iliilivilv, they drove ^ chdice IiiirM men and loolmeu as he liui^ht iuf-
tbrni OH heaps into the.bi>ttoiu vt the valley. ,
Then did the JcvVa turn alioiit and fight tlieii'i: \
but aa tliey Were theitiaelvea retiring, and iiinv
becau^ie the Roinph* had the advantai;)' of the
ground, and were above the Jewa, they drove
them all into the valley. 'ritiisH)!<i> jire'iHed npiin
thuae that wire near him, and aeiit the legiiffl
again to fiirtily fhe4r (amp: HhUi' lie, ami Iliu^e
that Were with hint Itefiire, iii<p'ii<td the eiHi^iy,^
and ke|>t them froiu/idoilig lijirtiier.riiiai'liief; in^o- '
much, that if I may be iillo1\'ed /neither to add >
My thing out of liattery, ii^>r. ti> diniininh (liiy i to Uerod
thing out ol' envy, but to apeaj^tjie plain truth, ' ' ~ "
Cieaar did twice deliver that^ iViiri Irgion when
Ill H>4il, om^i^ile to the Jews to prevent their nal-
l\iiig (ig|pi|ion iliciii, while he gave nrdiira for
the wjmn- army to level the diKlanci, a* far aa
the wall of the city. So tlM'V threw down all
the TiRlfgea and walla which the inhubitaiita had
made nbAnt their gardena aiuP grovei^of treei,
tfiid cut di'ivn all the'lruit treea that lav betvvee. .
till III and the wall of the city, and tilled up all
the hollow placi'a and the ehannia, and denudiah-
ed, the rocKy |>reci|iicea with iron injtruiiiknta;
and thereby made all the plui^' level frolii .'^I'opua
m
dic-adjoiiii'd to the
. it waa in jeopardy, and gnvelrlfenl^t^luiet oppor- ^iv following atratagenia. against the Hiaiiaiis.
tanity of fortifying their camp. C**''!, / The bidder »ort of the acdilioiia wmiyitnt at the
iqilAI'. III. /,;*
How the StdUinn uu« a fain rnlved irilhin Jtru-
taltm, andyellltnhwscnntriveii Snarts/ur Iht
Homana. ' How Tilus alto Ihrealeiud hiM >\ot-
ditmfor Ihcir ungorernnliti Hiuhnna.
J 1. As now the war abroail ^enaed for a whilf ,
the Sedition within was revived; and ottth^ fea^>t'
of iinleuVensiUjread, which waa now omie, it
hting the fourte%l||th day nf the monih Xanthi-
, fua [_Nisnn,} when it is-belicved the Jews weiV-
fir>t4rced from the Kgyptiaiiat I'.leatar and hia
" party opened the gales of, this [iiiinpst court of
the] temple, aiid admitted such (ifUhe iieople ua
were ileairous to worship (iod into n.* lint John
made use of thia festival as a clonk for Ida trea-
cherous designs, and armed the unost inconsider-
able of Ilia own ^'arlv, the greater part of whom
tlrere not piiritied, with weapons concealed under
jnonuinents,
pool callefll^H' Serpent's I __
•S. j\<nv at thia very time, the Jewa contrived
t liMvers, called the VVtimen's 'I'owers^s if they
4iad been <jected oiit-of the city by tliuMMVlio
^'ere for pi ace,' and rambled abiiu't asGKxiH^y
were afraid *)f being assaulted by .the KuRiutu,
.and'Weie ill fear ol one anolhe'r;> while those
that atood upon the wall, ain I seemed to be of the ,
pio|de'a'side, cjjii^out aloud for peace, and en-
treated t^iey iiiii^fft have aecunly for Mieir livca
{;iven theni) ami C.illed for the l{o(i(aiis, promis-
ing to open the gatea to them; and as they cried
oih after that nlaiuifr, they threw stoma at their
own peojde, aa though they would drive them
away from the galea. 'I'heae also pntended
that they were exatuded by force, and that they
petitioned thoae that Were widiin to !• t them in;
and rushing 0|>on the Koman'a |ieiu)etiially,' with
vkdence, they then came track, ItniVseiiiied to be
iiT great disonler. <Now the Koiiian s'lldiert
thought this cunning atratageni of theirs waa to
one
Ibeir garmenta, and aent them-with great zea^: be believed real, and thinking they had th
into4be temple, in order to aeize upon it; which | parly itnd«r their ])uwer, and could punish them
*Here we see .the true orrnaion of those vast iimn-
hen of Jews that were in Jeraaaleia ilDrias thia aiese
by Tilua, nail pi:rlslieil Iheri^iii ; that Ihe arei:e lit^niin nt
tbefenat of the I'nsaover, ivheii Biirli )ii^<.'iiiiis niiilsi.
Iiidea of Jcwa niid pniaclytea of the i!.We were roiiie
from all parta of Judea, and from other roualrida. in
tirdeirt4>relelirntetliat itreni fcsiival. Seethe iiiitc, B.
TJ. chap, ix. secl.^ It. Tariius himself bifornta iis, that
been informed, was t^lHl.tMK). This inlorniniion niiiat
have licen taken from the Itoniaiia; for Josepluis never
■lentions the numlier of l.hoao that were liciiegcd, only
he let* ns know, that of the vulijar, carried dead out
of the eiileaand IniriCd at the public rharfea. ww the
like uaiu'er of liiKMHNt, rliaii. liii. sei 1. 7. IIiiw<?vur.
(vlieit iVsfiiia (iailiis came first to tie ajcte, (hat auin
in Tai-ilua.ia no w;iy diaafiretiahle to Ju.^epliua*a lili-
tnry, I'luiiijli they itetv heronir much more nuineiu<lw
when Titwieiironipnaaeirilie rily at t he fasanver. At
to the nuiiilMT tli!ll iaTJalied during the alcce. Jowphua
the Dunil«r ol men, women, anil riillilren, in Jerusa- iiaHuri-aiia,aa\vi'sl>ajlavelierealler,tliey were l.lliu.UtM,
>em, when it waa liesieucd hy the Hninans. as he' luul liesides 97,(IUtl raptives; hut Taiilua's Ijiaior) of tin
last inrt of thia sii'ne is not niiweitnnt, so we eta-
nut runi|uir« his pari^lol uuiiibcn with thoae lit Jotwr
phu«.
./. J
w
. ■ i
v1
•0
j
4^/
^vsr
U they I
woulil'utHin
GUtiull ul
lUt hilllM'll'
M^.\
';ii«t«f*..(*-'*t»rj|
.»%
JtiWt lU >u>
ibriH tu oiiti
ct'tyc III) i^
■01114 ul ^JMiii
works |iix,vii(ftilt- ...
rail ib llif S"fh;*'^'^
Vo'i.^' ai^lhc itifldl ,
luVeri ■m\ tiurh ^i
uut'iiitil ck)£^i»|y*'<Wil
tb<;lii IxrhlMg^vvliilti
.of nil LiiniHiiPftcm, S'
icqoaiili rulik nijiHmcr. ii
Lr it Wiiji ii6i «M<y I'ur'tJH!
(mS.Kti4
i,'«iuhil
k|l>ti; tlii-
1 Jopinjf i^rjii'ltbi: i)tliefep«rly «itli «(Ji)it
' [l^ lh]iM$t':><«l lo tlS> •■■».'•• ••■'I<:<ii<«'l i
■i;or(fii<i(W. Ji«il (vr 'Ii- i'MriilliiH-
UriirhiUjf*:)"!!"'!"' "()iy*' ^iiiWlliU'li''
i\k(atM
lllll >ill
'\f-!
'^^i'^
,1.0 : forWiJ
liv rf?!
' - ' ell. line .jM;f,li , . , .
i" (u^ii ; HilifTiL i-oiisiilcrrit »''ijl> III
' ;i:iii. rti|jl>»iJ^i ivlnjii th0 J(lin>' I'J
iiiiiiiKiUKt^jalil hail iK'i'h ri-Vt'lltil,
wini^JHBil"Bmii|Hill*'""' ■'■i§|n<':*ii]M'\""'' "' III- ll>M ill
' *'^- wltwiMi"WKHiP^L\l!iSTOrif''''''' ''"' ''**' "'"^y ^^''i'> *^'i
" ■ '■ ^^^^^liiit li)llni»til liiiii, mtlilv Irt iV
.»<y»»){'''' I>l>f' of ftiuBniijlinirffJ
:»^lilVh lujfon tlir iigVlh i|iiiiiitj '^
(Air iiKiiiii^t tlir 4*i'«l«.rii piii't i
c lil« iiriiiy >cvi'n (|ir|), willi Ihr lui
Tli;j*lll(i|<JH^^<?<l Ix'font ^fii'ln, nml llir hiirKinii:u |
_ , KHili of 4liKlii«l ill ihiTi' nitfk*, irhiNt;
iiijit'MtSsir*! ;■] t)\jk ttM"er< ftyoiUiii iho.iit.KUl iii'KcVin riinl,.?!
yiiitfMf'ity- i^iiil liiiicjuitlii' /cHif Hi re pruliilNtiil l)y,».i HMut
1 ;|iu'iii I'u^^rtk « l>(»l> oi'iiiil'l, I'i'Diii ninkiiiK !t:illi<'!j- li|iii)i lilt'
Mih' uii(|fl' ftj^ill'fioiiiiMi*. V'tll till' l«;i.<l* thai bun- tlte biirili n,'"
' ty wi'rtrSn Ifrl'i' nml bfjliingui lo ttfvitlii'n' b anions iiinl ffii- iSsI 'n-
« ihisivIm' ih jiil^i; iiinltitiMliciiinrrhj'iliin witlimit niiji ffar;'jlbit
;hj with Ihril*! »» 'frfr 'I'l^'ciibiirwh', lir «in but ii1ii)n<;(iv4i'('iirr^
iimiu blJiviTli'ifJts iiifV»"t' I'luiii tin' wuH nt Ibnl ~p«rt (4 U,
f^n , on 'tk'^ no
M,|IOlt t'XKlMhtt
C*llufi uud l^i'ii
fUiib'tJ ut (br Wioi
tRn lilni't IhuIm
^i"; ,1!i-1Iih;., UiiftfjfiS
■^ '%5it HI U);,!HiilljlS»»'iil
Wliil n'l*
iinhyiii^<''><t'*Wy B*!''' ib< i» u»,
mill ait bift riplli'il'tliiivi: rhiit
Mb' nboui, whib till' M'\*.ii
■W^ircf, liiitl t'ijn<i\v«'d lliKjit:
i*^
i^
bvw «»li'ar,M tbu iiiumiiiitMfK.
' ' ' ' ''''■'.■• '';:'"- \-
W J*w», ivithijut kri'|)iii;r iiny
JHj'jrt ujioii tbi'irjjjoil I'lfluiii',^
|b<v]{oiliuiw bipbi'iil'; ilibiiU'i^fijUi-i',.^^^
b^,tfi«?»i'i(* ffi«'wi(iliiput upbii t(i*«nviiii'J liiiikingji ^ .r v« ( 1* ,
» nM^ fvitlV. byaUixl^' ,'|;,b<ti' iilrii^bl*, liaintl IV)r'
|^(»illmnfaarii'|I tttam ^yful- i'Xciii»liilioi>*; »'liU<n'
i»0'lM|itTJi;,iwre y<'n«:i¥«cl uritb tjinalDiing*;
H'i?^icfeir<,'a|iH';5»ifib iiuliftiiatioii by (.'rmir*
Ii. .-l:
h'lhl^b', ' f «vbV' i)^\i^ tu I IK'IM tbun : ]
Jiiw!l» whtK ai;c uhljf'. coBituAjt'fl hf ib< ir
Tbtie
iiiiiiU
!<i««l(,ylo *vt'i^^ykiiigiwtth„ c«t<t;tfncl ciri'Umi4|ii c-
tk>ii; they cbip^H^ •ilniiw^i'iiik nnii lay i^itibii^lit »,
•lid /ortuino j^ifeliT,i(in:i;t»i t!o ibfir 'striktiij^riii!','"
becttils'c ibcy ^« obitl^-iilij and (m'scrvi- ibeir
•Re
.,i^ . - ,---,^. -
^^iiiC'iyiii 'lbi> I'liniiTi*' mill ovit Hicuiiiiit'diiil
,tjw*r *iliii.fnwi'i Piillfd I'll iibinu^nt ivliicHj(|nv-
i'r lht''f(tHH»4J'<>l' lliii''<t all III loiijjiii^ lU Ibe jr.iirlh ■ ^
b('|id«si,bi)8<(:^ij't|i(lill.'(l'ii It' uni' iitjainst tlK-*i^t.
bill tbl^ol^lv!* r"W» "f ibivnriiiy l'iii'ti(ii'ilitiit'|Ci|«l
llie tiniiU'. Vi|U>d Ilip^rniK, uiid 'nnit iiiiiliiifUi iii<'
litic *ii1ii/Siii'r',v; liiiUtwo l'urlr»i;.'4 iViiiH thfi I'.il.'.v ,
; llmvi'Vi r; tlii'^i litli lt'j;fiii) ^nnlil)Uld iii'ili' owi(;
■ (:*li)HiHorOliv«'i. '' ^ ■*' ■ .
,*-■"■'* \•^l:v^.■lv,. ...;'"?,:;■:
■* . ' . The Qr»(rr>/i//<irt of Jtfu$nlf'ih. J\ ' •!
' 5 1, TliK i-liv 1)1' JirlHiili'in Wns fiirtilird iviliij'
thiti' will'', lA' fiirh piirts ife Ivrrtviiot iiii'iiiii' i;
|i:i!iM i| «i(h iiiipa's-alilr miIIiviI'^ fur iijuiiib pbiii?)' J
rl lialli liiji i.iiii' irtill. Tlioplly was fiHilt ii|i51i \
Uvri billj, ivbicb Jirrapjiusitc to om- niiiAbi r, a.ui ' j
liavi' n vtiViy tu djviilil 1b< in nHiiiiiliT, at wliii'|j]t ,
jialb'V lilt' I'orri'^jiobi'li.iig rou's^if liuu-^i's on li.idit''
4iilU Old. Ol'tbc^e bills, tbat wbich cuatiriiis llie'^;
iiijiqii bij;li<T. nijtf in biiglb iimrc ,
It ua* ciilb'd the X'ilaJil '
I'
good will and ml^jty tOjOnfe aniilbir; tvbili' tlic ' tqippr ifly n _
Tleniani)^4wboiif foi-tifiK! ifsi'4 to be cvnr sifb- | Vlirci^t. Aci'oriliili;'
'■ , ■ lervici __^
-V dj «ul»i5lSwii' ttf tbfii'. <-onuiiaMil<!i'», baviriiuw i iiiuii wiio liinll tliistMiipli'at Iholiisl: liiit il i.iV
'lisd ill iiHKtj bv tli«ir lonirnry bplmvior; A|iil ! ii» i-alltd tlii^Uppt'i' IWnrlicl-pbict'. Itul lhi:'«ltiii«
' li • by not beliij; abiB to reatrniiutlifcir bamjs I'riuu'j bill, wliieb was cnllid Acra, and !'u>t»ini l"
5 J * WtioiH ibey bayc bcfjD caugl '
' ■ "' " ■ ' ■■ ' en
■^■t;
UMU rca^oli^o^tliiir giiod nrtltr, anij^t'a- I by kin;;; l)avid;'bi^)t'a:i tbi> la^hir ol' (bat rnln
l>>uj^^"' ti/ thrill ('unuiinniKtrs, bavii now I iiiuii wlio built tliistriiiplrat Iho
.1 tli
lieb
'"j • • «
boVncil; oVir iijjfniii^t tliisJhi'K' »v»» a till,
ftirfill.t^ liiiv^ir tlin'n A<*i*ir mid' tt'irli
w:.
isiif tbe !^h.^pv iif n iiwioii nbiii >
: il tltft^nioiit tt> (heir reproacTi, (hty bijve gone on | is boVnciF; oVir iijjfniii^t (bisjhi'lc »v»» a t' '
,.^',.* Wiihoiit thtjr cAiniiiiiiufers in the very pri'since i bilU biit nnttirJilly* lower, (ban Aorif, and pii
\ • \,6f CiL'sar. .'J'ruly (says' 'I'itu:!,) the l;i<vs of war] t'urnicrly rroiii the other by.d broad rulloy. !ll
I'*.
'Canbotibut groai^'hMKvi'y^ i*^ ^V'" iny father ,
I himsi'lfwhtn be sbvllbib inl'urnied oi this wo;
tbat bath 'been ^ven u», sillce he who is
' old-jn wars, did iiever make so^cafa in
Our laws of war do also ever inflict rnpita
':. uhlucut on those tiiat ii\ (lie Icastbitak into )i;ood
order* while at this tiine tliey bavi! sc^n an entire
/•rniy.^UD in(o disoi'dMki However, tliose thai
have becd' so insolent ^Bl \h\ inade nnnirdintcly
(ensible, that even tJleysXvbo I'oiiqner anioiig the
I^oinaus witbont orders lor fi)!;bllng, are to be
under disgntce." . WItcn 'I'ilus had enlarged
upon this inuder bet'ors (he conniiandcrs, it ap-
' peared evident that he would cxevute the bfW
against all those that were concerned , so these
aoldicrs' minds sunk 'down °in despair, as CKpict-
- iog to b(? put to death, and that justly and quick-
ly. However, the other legions canio round aliout
Titus, and eutiiated his luvor to these their tel
low-soldiery, iiiid^ made Mipplication to him that
he wiiuld pardon the rashness of a few, on account
of the better obedience of all the rest; and pro-
.nised for them, that they should make amends
tor their present fault by their more virtuous be>
bdviot lor the time to come.
vei", in thn*!' times wheil the Asninoj
they filb'd jni) tiint valley with eii
iiind to joiii'the city ti) tlir temple,,
ok o(l'piir( of the heijjlit of Acra, nf
1ft a less I levH^ion than it was befol
(eiiiple might be superior to it. Aol
&( Inc t'ireQseinongers, as it was call
that which we t(»ld you bcfonvilisiing
hill of the upper city from that of tlie
tended us far us Siloani; for that ii the ii:i
a fuiinlaig which bnt^ sweet water in. it, aw
in great plenty also, .lint On the i^aidis, i
bills are surrounded by deep vnlle^f and by
son of the precipices to thein belonging, ou bolli%
sides they are every where unnasSeble. ,W
2, Now, of these three walls, the olitone wiu."
hanl to ||clakcn, faolh by reason of the valleys,
and of thaFliiU ou jwliicb it was built, and whii li
was above ^.fllrlft." liut besidc.s that great ail-
5. !:? I Cxaar complied with their desires, and | iv. soct.
Vhnillgil', Uj to (be place where 'they
ed, it was^B'Tso built very strong; bi
vid and 'Solomon, and the following
very lenlous about this wdlfk. IS'oi
♦ Perhaps, says Dr. Hudson, liern! was III
tlic (ittUiff tktComer, in 2 Chron. xxv
sitllAt-
tflUpW;
iiinjj noin'ibaf g
whiih Irtbiiigeil
piltseet till- lliil't
reai'lii'd as fur a
ginning of (lie tl
picu', »bi't|<'ii il
quuili r of the i
and (lien was so
• agii'ii|s( (he itioiiu
wan ipiern of A
j( (ben I'Menilid
'' passed by (be st
and ben( agaiu i
the^monuiui ii( w
,},,ttie t'ulb r, and j
§4 ley Valb d. rtie Vii
Wiio eiH'oinpiisti'i
with this' wall, w
for us (he cityi^gi
crc|a bey vmil' its
that tlood iiiirCb
that bill l(> (be e
B4Mi occasioned' I
fuurdi, aiirf is ci
also, li'lies ovi
but is divii|ed fi
Was dug on pni'i
the louiidalio^ns
. joiiiiiig to (bis-li
|ioilliiiil^t forgel
itig ti.e se'tuvity
^ vaiUiii, for tvhli:
it'.' "dilsjli made llie e
! 1 -4 luarkabli', 'i'iw
1^ oelliil UeletliS I
nretrd iii the Ci
Tbe New- '"ily.
■looil ill lii'ed o
present king; ni
• Aijrippii, bi'i-an
lelt' olf buil^in^
rounduti:ins, ^t,
G'iesar, lest be
^4vall was llnitt jii
■'in (lublic ulfirfr^:'
Ujt^en taken/ if tli
jPnnner it wiis bi
ed (iigetber bv
• ten cubits brj|fi
either eusilyii>ijii
shiikeli by iipy i
teu cubits wide;
ailieiglit greiitel
began it Ixfvii hi
ter Ibis, it was
the Jews, as big
it liml baUleniei
(hree cubits al(i
' cxtejK'b'd us far
;j^.Ao\v tJn; I
twi^nty cubits ii
heighl; they wi
wall hself, wher
tfie beairty of tl
those oi' the bo
allitude of the
(here vverc* roc
over them iin|n
ra)n-wutcr. '('h(
fteps by which
■( ■
tiv rtlff
r
11$"'
J'ijlU I
MS (.
iH'.v lij
.•.■H».l,
liiH ill
villi lllj,'
Wtlrlv Irt lll('',
liminnjiini?'
igVth umirivf,
»l«-.r»i pi|>t I
riili thi' liini
>iir«iiiii:u
riiflk*, irhiNti
HcVfii . rnii
il lly.s.ipKul;
It'll* li|ii>)i ill
llie iJurili ii,i'
111 ffii- *'ijl
iiij: ffar^»jl!iir'
liii«(;(i¥<l i'lir-i^
III -pHrr^^il,
ii|(iiiii>t'ili:il
it ivliicljjliiu'
_,,. , . I<liii
• &-at Hii»)t.»?iiit|ietv>.ii;i
f 111 iUr jt.nrlh ■
liiisl tlH*iyi.
ilti'il i(iii'|Ci)e\
ii» iiUliiifUi iii'
•iiiH tlifi i,il;V ,
■d iii'il'i owi(
/■ .■. c ■• ■■'■'■
fiirtilird ivitn;.;
I! IK^I flll'iHIl'-', 1
il^Mllcli |il;ii'i:t- J
;i» iiMilt ii|)Hi ,
' BiiiA-hir, ii.ul' j
iiltr, at wliiiljj .
UU^ili III* llulli*'
h cuatmiistlieV;
Ivn^lh iimrc ,
il llie^C'HiiJil '
ol' llisll Pnl,). "
It: liiit it i*'n' .
Itut lhii>«(lii'i«
iiu>t»ii)4 I
fioii nluii >
' ivas u till,
if, lliul' l)!l
vhIIo).. 11
ilfJK V.r-t'HAP. IV.
BB»
i'*iiiAr,
uud l^i'll'^illllll|t^<'i».f
ili'tj ut 111)' <iv>i>^cfu<«|ttlr 1(1 ifi
rt.itif oihi-r.wui «^iu
r riillril llippi-
liilM>.' il |)lu('i' so
III
uiu'il'hiiuo'
Il iiifilf. lint il'
It bii;4|) ttt t|i$
>u);li II |j|ni-i' rullcil
'rt^ r^« IK » unit iillrr fliW
:i^ it« 1^ iiiJHii; uUovi- thit
lliul) liifiiU uKiiiii 'ti)-
)\'* |>iiiil, null reiii'liU
\ ^''iff^Jkhi'U lli>> i:iillfil 0|ili-
Ifir. ]Hiiv^Vi lllr VA.li Ml lllPI-tir
ifmpli;. 'iTii^ NiVoiiil u«ili tiiofc Jin Infill'
Diirilmf guti',nliii:li llii'V i'mIIiiI <ii-iitti iIii,
whii'h lx.l<iii;(ril to the lir^t »itt|; it only riHUnif
piiwt'it till? iiiirtlirriiiiiiiirtir III till! city. ihkI
riHi'lii'il IK liir ui ilir A^iivi'i' Aiifiiiiiii. liii' l"-
giiiriiiili; III' tlu> thiril wni} tv^n ii| tlii< tuwir llip-
jjicu*. nlii»jrii it iviirliiil ii« I'.ir tis lln' imjtii
14UU1I1 r ul' tlii3 lily, uiiil iKm tiiwt'F |'m'|iIiImi"'<
ami tlii'ii 1V111 mi fur I'Vti'Hitril till it riiiiir dm r
• agii'iii'it thr iiiiiiiuiiii lit* ol ill Iniii; tvliii li lliliiiii
Huff (|it4:t'ti ol' Atlliilii-n*-, Hiitl iiiotlter ol- lr.tttt-<i;
it till' n I'Mt'liilnl I'Hrthrr to u ;{i'rut lin^tti, iiml
'. pkiiiti'il liy till' ii»'|iuli')irul c.ivi riis ul llii' Llll^1,
snd lil'iil li|jiiiu lit thr tourr of thr roriii'1-.'iit
tliii^iuuiiiliMi'iil vvhirli IS (iilli'd ihf Alouuiui'iit of
^^1, ^ttit' J'lill) r, mill joiiKil to till! utd >viill iit tlii' \iil-
iglt lt> •'"""1. rtii' Viilhy ofCulron.. It Wii* .VKrippa
"$J Wlio I'lH oiupiis'.i'd tin- |)iirt* lidded to th« oW rily
' with tliiH wiiU. wliii'h hiiil lift null iiuliT'tl lii'l'iir;
fur u» till: lity^ri'iy iiioii' jiu^Aihiiii, it|;rHdnally
cri'|il lii'yviiiil it« old liiiiilK, ii.iid tiii>4«', jiart'i of it
thiit tliiuil iiiirfhivurd of" the ti;iii|iler unit joiiu:d
ihut hill III tliiv t'ity, iiiudi it ooiifidtnilily larpfir,
Bftii oi'cniiiohi'd' ihht hill which in in niitnlirr thf
fuurth, uiid ij i-iillt'tl lli'zclhii, to lie iilhuhitcd
also. liMii'it uvrni|;iiiii«t tlii' tuwrr of Autonii),
but in divii|fd from it by a diip yjiltty, «>'hirli
^ ,^ M"M ilu^ oil |>iii'pii'<i''> uiid thilt ill order to liiiidi r
IT , tile luundatiu^ii.i uf tht; tower of Aiiloiiia lioni
I li j"'"'"K *" tliis-hi'l. ami then liy iill'ordiii;4Jiiid|ii
'' ^^ '' lUi-e, iiiidiwTili"r1'-
•kvtry oiie lirimd; of'tbrte lower* then thr thirrf*
vhII had luiii'lv. imd the npiireii lietneeii ihtiu
:i
^.
jioiliMut,* fur ml'. . to it with
itlK li.e »et'uriK I .irn^e liuii
ele
jf thj'
inffiii
til
li tlif> iianii
in it, nwh
ivKidi <•,
"and hy i*l
iging, Oft hollii
e oil j; one wiu.'
jf the vall.'y i,
ilt, and whii U
hat lireai ad-
f
VJy; H.e i.et'ui'ity I .im^e liuiiv itM loipi r
^ vatuiM, for tvhii:li i. iiti^ttaUo t^iat dipt!.
i'-' "tlikh made tlie elev;^ii^ii«ir"tjii' tower* Ui
' ; V luurkahre, i^hoi lu^-biiilt |^ii't of the eily Wii«
'^called Ueli'tliit iiiiAiur langua>;i', wlirrh if inli't-
iireted in the Cirenmn lan^ua^fi', may he I'alhul
The Keiv '"ily. Since thirefitre ill inhaliituiit"
•looil in lijed of 111 uuveriii;;, the fat In r of the
,. prenent kingi iiii.d ol \he miiiie iilimc with tuiu,
' ]■ Atrrippii, he^an that Wall .We spoke ol':'*!)
, lelt' oil linil^iii;; it when he hail only litj
tuundati:iii», ^'id the lear hi', was in of Ct
G'a'«»r, le'nt he siiuiihl ni<pect_lhul,so
^'iiall wn<* Itnitt in i/rdir (> iiAilnHjBliie jnng
8^'in puhfic alliili'i:" for the ciiy cuiiTil mi yCf
■UjfcntaVeiiji if that wall had Ijei il (jiiiji^TO^
jPntiiirr it was bl'gun; as its pari < wi-S-'
, til together hv litones twi nly ciiliii'. li
' -tcu clibiu br^d. wliidi' could Hj;ji'r hafV^been
either eusilyfijiideriiiiiied 'h_^M"y "iron tools, or
shaken by apv engines. -ifiaHvall ivas however
teu ciib'tl<i wiui'i and if w^Riu'iibaldv inLve hud
iBili,ei;$lit )!;reiiter than Ihaf. hud ni>l,4|}>i ti^l who
began it Ixfen hindeii d fromyiertilkg il»VlK Af-
ter this, it wan emtiil «ilhT;ri at itiii^rnce hv
the Jewn, as hi;;h^9 tweiity riibils, uboW'jih'ii'li
it hall baltlemintH of two ciibilni aitd liiiwls e '
(hrev cubits iiltilucitt, inMiiiiiirli ^iat the ultitui
' extejiljed as far an'Sveiily -live Cjihifj). " ^ ' '
3.1 Aoiy t)|u towers lliiu we're upon" it wi
tw^luty cubit*! in breailth aii.il iwtuly ('iibit>
heitrhl; they wefH' sipianr and ijidiil, as was it
wall hiielf, wherein tile niceui js of the joint!, an
tfte heairty of the Muiiea weri'' noway iiiy(J:iiir 1
those of the holy home ifsilf. Aliove this sidid'
allitudi- of the towers, wliich w;H-fw'^mv ciibiti.
wrri'jiacli two huinlrrdrnbllai hut iitlhe niiddl* ~
wifll Mire fori) lowers, and the old wall ««•
pACIed into «iil\,Hluh' the whole conlpam of
th* cilji was thirty -three lurhiii|;s. Now tlie ihir^
wall W.i» nil of it wnndertnl; jif was the li)W»i>
i'seiihiiiivi elevated ahon' it'at lliii liiirthwtit
i:orn«r,^nd there Titus |iilch»d his own lent;
for, iM-in;; M'vrnty cuhils hl(;h, il b..tli all'iirdrd a
InroslHitof Anibiu at suiiri-iii);, as will its it did
uf the Hlinusl liiHIIIi of the ll<iirew pos.rssioni
^ 0lt' sen westwanl. Morenver, rt Was an oct«-
({on»iind over iipiinst it w.-is the tiwer ijippicut,
aAil hard l)v il two nlliera weri' erei-led l.v killfl
Herod in the old nail. These were f.ir'lurne.
Hers, beaiily, and siren- lli,lieyonil idl thai wer«
in lire habitable earth; for, , hi sides ilie iuaj(iia>
niiniiy of his nature, and his iinmriii-mri' ti>.
warili Ihe I'ify nil other, occUiiims, he liitill these
i.ller siicb Hii.'<'Mruiirdinury iinu r. to tralify
ills own'private nllrctioni.'hiid drili'-atedlheait
loners to llit;, imniory of tlitise three per«onf-r
who had bein the deirest to him, and friiljl'
whiiiii he nauild theiii. 'Chey w:ere his lirotUfr,
his friend, and his wife.. This wife he had sRiin
Out <i( his love [aail jealousy,] as we have iHrea-
d^' rilated; the other two he In.) In war. as ihfy
were courn(;iou»ly lighllnt;. Ilipjiicus, «o nniiird
fniiii his Iriend, was sipiare, ms h iiKlh' nnti
hleadth w<rr.ea(-h Iweiity-live cnlHt.,' and its
hi ijrht thirty, iind il had ii'u taruity in it. Over
this ladid buihlin);, which was coinposed off at
Stones uiiijeil to^jiihir, there was a reseriiir
twenty cubits ilei |^ over \vhii h there wa a
house of two slorii s, wtiose 111 v.;lit was tivenly-
live cubits, and ilkidid intosewraj parts; luvr
which toere liatt|iWit^l^of two rubiU, and t::r.
rets all i-ounil of three cuiiits hieh, insMinir h
Ihilt the eirtire heiifht atldeill together aiiiniinte I
40 foiiwore.jji^bits. The seconil tower, wliii'i
io huMifcl fe^llllibf brother l'h««aelus, hail i 1
hreadlh'iiiid its heijtlit equal, each of them Ion '
cubits;' over whicl3kas iti^soliit hfightof fiir-.- ■
cubits; oyer wliirh affcisirr Went roljiid' alioiit,
wliose heiijhLwns ten ciibit^. ami il wascoveied
friini eneiniM *»)y hreasfivorks luid bulwari,!!.
Till re was also IiimIi over that clorster nntiiher
lower^, piij-ted jnio inUKiiiliceiJl ruoins, and a .
place I'of batliin;;; so that thl* ."tiiwcr wanted
nolhin); that mi
Pjyla'ie. It vt:
te.''i
■ \
Bllituile ol tlie towers, which wiHtw^my ciuiits.
there vverrf rooiuj iSf great niafsnilicViici'. anij,
over thcin nn|Terno(i|Mi' and ci>lenis_tii jvceive,
rain-water. 'I'li^ ivere^nniiy iii iiunilJMlnl't'''^
fteps by which you ascended up to^BsSj iw
■ . ■ ta
aiipear to lie a r.iynl
HJ ' wilh halttenii'ntit
'aJRk(i4> foi'egoin;;,' and
,-ii«»it' hjij(jly civbils: the
'JTiln- ywi'srof I'harus,
iui4|i^ilf«Pr(> Alex-
lian'R jii'ciiiii|i;(,ss.
• a hoiiVi', wherein Sis
his lymiuncal authoritj^ Tw
,^ Miiiiauinii. , for that^His hi» ,A
miejoiiii nai|ie:"it wa» sitlid as hi;^i ^tHbenty
ciiirUs: its bj-iadth ilnd.it«"fi:ii;jir were^mnty
dibits, nlHwere. equal tit inarh^tlief.^ its iipp«r
bi«ilditi|;s were inure lya^niticeul, and had greal-
<>n||!''ii >y than Ijav other toners had: for tite
km^Tthought it most proper for hujii to ndiirii lh|t
which was denominated f|otil h^j^Stfii Ix't^ertha!
those ill Tioiiiinate'd frdin l|ien,,a«lliose' wchi built
.slron<»ir^liaii>this that bore his w ITr s nainQij|||li« >
eMi(:J}f|it:of this tower was Itfiy ciiliitsW'* ;
"p th»s« towers were to vi ly talX they
h taller by thi; pla. r '.11 'wli]||Rlii ^
t VI ry ohl wall iv!orf:,iii.t!ii-,'''«erj'i
•fiii;h I. ill, alid ttji- itsi !f a kinrl.of
wai still ihirfy i.iiliila.tallerj'over
tuWers Kilaati'it;^iid Ihereliy ^^jfi '» *
(fi'h ''hi'.jher to ap(iefftaii'*i\, Thfc \
Vf tlijj stii'ncs na* JRondiTml; for ,
'^j|py'' 'i:i''.ifot made of inniuioii small slghi-k
rlarire nm s (iiily as
;ii'e i^.tiFliijle.i)iarble ijftt 1
ivus.ftt^nty I'ublts^jij^
'ti<inj?ttatl,Tivi.' ill deptli.
1 "T
lid cftrry.\biifr
of the hii
h);th, nnil t^
I'j were so CI'
■V-:"'
'■^' '■Uf-
w
:^'W
WARS OF THE JEWH.
«
MIW onlM to ont .nntlHr, ,lhm rnch lowrr I h..p«J f„r. (i„ ),|,ivl, .v,.rk lonir nufi wrr.' iDCnl
imlHrHll,. «ml ,furvi„,„l. cut 1., lh« limxl. uf lh« l.i«uilr.l, «|,i,l, w. „ Mill rt|,l, ni.l..d l./,hoL
•oliUl«.or,m..Ull ,l,,lrht,rj.,.,.t,urronne!i.«..|lH.l.it,,l,l., ,,rtl.,) Ih.y th.„ .„tom,u„,«;a Ihfir
L' uf- f.h rj" 7.7'' ""!'<'", "'^"' "'•'"••'"• 1 "I'l"'- '•-'"'•I* Willi .loMtir-.n. H.II '■» iK.t r«f.
ull my iibilily l« ,lMcril.€ it; lor it nrn. -« v.ry\ of llin« huM'iml f«hit,.i,,ifl i,, .o,,,c iilm-.,m.M-.
t
rlrili'diiik, liiit nil* riiliriily wAlleil iiliuul lo the
liiyu of Ihirly iilbiu, mid hh mlunuil willi
loivtri lit ■'(|iiiil (lintniiro., Hint with lurijK hrd-
fliHililicrii, lliiil would rontuiii hvdt for ii liiiiKlrvil
j(U<'>(« n|.i.ic}tiii whiili tli«' viiricly of thii.Kloiiiiii
l« iKit 1.1 liv i'i|ir«'Mrd; for a liir|{<' ciuiiiilitv of
llio...- llitilwir.; riiff of tlmt kind hii« nilltVir I
lOKi'liiir. Tlu'ir rooU nine lUowoiKlirfid, liolli
l.ir llir liiiglli of llic Uuui.. nnd tli« iid. ndor <,f
Ihejr orniiiiK'iiti. Tim iiuiiibi'f of lliv riniiim win
ul»o very grtut, iiitd tli« viiriily of the li«iir«i
llmt were uliuiil them wnt iiriidiKioui; their fur-
ttUurt- WHf coniplrtr, and the Dfriitu «r piirl of ihr
reiM'Ullmt tvere put in thmi w( r«' of •ilvir iiiid
•old. Thrre wrre brnidin iiiuiiy |iorlicoi >, oiift
ityoiid iiiiuiliir, round aliuut, niid in <iirli of
their |)iirtico«» i^uriouii pillurii; y«t were nil llie,:
1 uurt» Ihiil were eii|M)Md to the iiir <v<rywli< ri-
Rretii. 'I'heru Were, moreover, »ev<!ni| (rrnven of
iren, and lonR iyulkii ihroiigli thtm. wUh diip
CiinuU, And ci»tertn. thiil iu nvtrni piirl* w«>e
Ulltd witfl.lirniin ntutun, lhrouf(h wliicli the «*i-
tti- inn out. 'i'hirewcre wilhnl ihiiny dote-ronrtH
01 laiue pi^i^^na iiboiit the Cnnnln,* Itijt iiidied it
IS not pim.ilile to give^a coiupirte de«criplion'nf
these puluiii; and tlie viry niiu inlinuiri' of ilieni
in a toriiieiit to one, us putting one in mind « Imt
vOHtly ricli liuildiiiK^t tliiit lire which Wiis kindled
by thS rolibtrs hud ronHumed ; for thi^se wert not
burnt by the Konmn», but by thine internnl plot-
tern, as Wf Imve ulrenily related, ih the l»');inninir
of their rehellion. Th»' f"" '»" guii ut tlie loivt r of
Aulonia, nil ' went on to (he paliiees, and ronsumed
the upjier part* of thu tliree tow^« theinaelvcs,
eHAI'. V.
A Dticription of the Temple.
; 1. JS'OW Ihii temple, an I have alrendv unid,
wa» built upon a utrong hill. . At limt the pluiii
at the tup WW hardly sulDiicnt fur the holv liouse
and the altar, for the f^ound about it wus very
unevcn, iiiid likt* u prelipire; biit when king So"-
lonion, who win the person that built the temple,
Imd boilt u Wall to it on iln in»t !.ide, there w:w
theii atldcil one eloisler founded on, a bank ciist
up for it, and on other parlii the holy huusi' ^toiid
nuked, lint in future ajccs the people added ni w
bank^anil the hill became a larger pliii'n.+ Thty
llieii broke down the WidI on the north side, anil
took in ns much u> sulliced afterward* fur, the
compiiM of the entire«teiiiple. And when ihev
had built wiilUon three sides of the temple round
about. iVoni the bolttfin of the hill, luiil had per-
formed a work that wn.H greater than could be
^ These dove ronrtH in Josepiiun, ludlt hy HeroiMhc
Grcal, arc, in the opinion of lielnnd.liiovc'rysnniellint
are nietilioneil liy the Tnliiinili«l8. ami iinmcd hy ti/eui
Jlmil'udoccconrU.. Sot \^ llicreiiiiy reiiiioii lo snii-
p<M!Ollierwi<e, niiifc In Iwlh nnoiilTla llicy were ex-
prc«ily tame pii!.Kni» which were kept iiMliorti. .,„ .„„,„
f fee the ,le«riptlon of Ilio lomnles hereto lieloiiKini;, i lloor of the lirst or lowc-t lourt. hul tliirt »o fi.r'ul\rio<.'
flap. xy. Itui iiotp. Ihiu wliiil Jo«i,l,u« here «iv« of Invvesi parl» n«»eree«ni I lo lie clU ilonoflhn iin o,
«heori!.niia «r,u,hne«oltl,iH mount >loriah,ili,,iii„a.ll"ornlK.ve the to^^^^^^^
quite too iirle l..r llic leniple, „n.l iliat iit lirsl it l„.l,| tlie inside l.ytheVroud.rrorktseronwhrt^^
oiilyonecloi».er,orro,.rlolt.ol«in..r,Nl.iildinC.,,,.dlh«t upper hinrtwas hS^^
hefciiin,l.,lio|i!< were or.e,llo|.e adde.l Inns afterward w.'rc redured lotwoft-ih »• Slhovra^^^^^^^^^^^
hy de.Tees, 10 r. inhir 11 rapirtile of ili.wl„l,|e,» lor the tlie diircrcnrc o" r"iV^h^
mhereo„rt«,i... w w..lro.,tn«toniid,,tioui,ithrH,tip.] Thcinaindilliriil ly i"J^
■ ■ !^. ' . ^ true liere m ll,ig, nihil -•""--:-.- --"• ^ . - . . '- . - '
leptn of the IjiundutiiMi*
lear, for lliiy liroinjht enrtb and filled up iW
');at being de-irou. to makelheuiun a level
with th« iwriow streets of the i ity ; wherein thfy
made use of stones of forty rubit* in ni«j;iiilnile;
for 1^1 great plenty of money they tin n had, andv
the liberality ol the people, iimde Ihji. altetiinl ol
Ihein to sur.eed to uif inrridihle ile;;r.e. And
what eould not be »o inuih as hoped for as t\er
lo be BCroinpli.hnJ, wai., by pirs«»eninie tui.l
length of tinivi brought to nerfi clii.n.
»i. Aow (9^ the works lliat were above liiite
foundations, these were not . unworthy of such
louirdatioiiM for all the iloistrrs were (hm^le,
and the pillars to them belonging were iwenu-
I ve rnbiiH in height, nnd .uppoikd the eloi^lers.
Ihese pi hiri ui^e ol one entire ston« each of
them, anil that stone was white 'marble ; 'and the
roolswere ailorned with nilar, ciirionilv graven.
Ull natural iiiiigiiilii-, me, aiid e.Mellint polish,
and the harmony of the jinnls in these cloisters
allnnh'd a pronpeet tli;it was very iemarkablej
mir win it on tin' oii|..i.li adorned with iinv work
Ol the painter or engiawr. The cloisters UijV
the outmost Court] were in breadth thirty eubin,
while the entire conipass of it was by measure
su Inrloniis imluding Ihi tower of Antonin-
thoje entire VuuiU that were expoiffcd lo the air
wi re laid with jloiie, ol all sorts. When yon "o
thiougli the,u [lir>tj cloisters, unto the mci.iuI
l'."*. ft of the] ttijiple, there was a partition iiiiide
ol stone all rouml; who*, height was three .iiliil'.
Its conslruclioii was v< r\ elegants u|'0.> it »luod
mllars, at equal di-laiii.es from one aiiulher.
declaring the law of purity, mine in (rncl,. '
and some in I}oiiian*telier-, lliiit no fi>rei;;ner
should go within that saiiclunrj ; lor llial second
[ilourtof the] temple was cnll'ed the Sanctuary,
and win ascended to by fourteen atipa from the
hr.-l court. This court was foni-»nunre, ixiid had
a w dl about it peculiar to il.self; the height of iti
liiiddmgs, nllhuu);h it were on the out»ide forty
ci)l)ils,I was hlilden bv the steps, and on the in-
siileUmt height was Inrl twentvlive culiits; for
il being buill over against a liigher part of the
lull with steps, it was no farther to be entirely
dHcerned within, being covered by the hill' iisi If.
HeyoiKl these fourtieii steps there was the ilis-
tance of ten cubits: this was all plain; wluiict
there^were otiier steps, each of five cubits apiece,
tliat led to the gates, which gates on the norlh
and south sides Here eight, on each of those siiii i
lour, and of necessity lijo oil the east. For silii i
there was a partition built for the ivonien on that
side, as the ph.iper |)lace wherein they were lo
wliifU JoDcphus siieaks of clnewhere, Aiitig. R. xv.
r|i. xl. sect. ;t r nnd which Mr. Maundrel law, and
uM ' ''• " •"" «"'"'" under Brouiid at Ihisdiiv.
I What Joseplins seems hero to mean Is ilils,"llail
lli<'Senil|ar9iiiipporljiii;i|ierloister»intlieBt'fuiidr"iiii,
laiil tJieir limndiitiniis or lower parts ns deep as il.e
.,,:■"•,■", — .. . ...... ■„ ,.t ,,,.mn,, |»,|,|« i-iinn seeniiiiit tiiHiiioMt for a sliislo slen I'ossilils
hot wnen the court ol the (Jemiles was loiii- aiirrWiiNi i iliere w ert' ihiir ., or ifteen « era at lie im l« lan
enouel .n^.v,"' ^id^l "r : ^^^^'^^'Y '.".' J""'t iNelf, which would hr..i« the whoje near lo tli«
y%
worship, th»re *
l.ir till III', (his gi
ngaiiM tile lir<,t
mill r -idi a one t
throHKh which i
thc; wonii n; hir
nieti n< re mil nil
wht'ii they Weill
thn g' liyoml
klldtli d to the,l
of inllo r ciiiinir
sHitte luilion, am
of l)ii< ciHrt hiiil
built entire u)\ i
wliil'h v»< re 111
' the ''wall inward
Ayere siiii|uirlid
Tlii'Se eitO'.ters
their iiiiiiinitnde
of the lower coil
3. Now Uiilef
covered over w
jambs of thi'ir il
{ was (ine gate llili
of J Hie lioly hi
' brass, 1111(1 great
Tovened over W
bad two doors, «
, rubili, and Iheij'
hail l(»ig<' space-
.; .041 etii'li side rill
and in leiiglh, l>
was above lirlv
siipiioTt .these ri
twelve enbjts. .
gates were eijui
(he t.'iiriilhiian
^over af^iiiiist tli
was niiicli largei
and il< ilooT-s we
ed afti. r a iiiiisl
richer and thick
.tlieni tlian th*' o
silver iinilgidd
(he fallier of Tl
•trp.*, which lid
of the. wonieiv
those thnt led tl
five steps sliorle
• 4. As to tbi
placed in the ii
most sacrwl plai
to by twelie St
it* bri'ailth wei
1 .bits, 'though it v
■' lor on its front
jj-deH oiiench'sii
. V'ther.; ^f* firsi g
^twenj^ir-livo. cub
^6*)rli; lor. it re
^qflieaven, and
5^ ifiy^jlplace. Us
. j^vcis «i.d Ibronj
^Skhnt ytM nuii'e in
;^3m it was very
■ the more inwni
that saw theui i
: was divided iiiti
first part of it
height extende
height, ami. it*.
breadth twenty;
end of the, first
have already o
gal:\, as was its
golden viiie^ al
mi K' S hung a n
n:
ipt
this house, as il
inner part was i
outer, and had p
titude, and sixt
doora there tin
Ihedoori. It n
IM1,>K v.— i'lIAP. V,
J*
wor»hiii, (li»rf »«• n nf««ilj- fir ir«'c>ii'l %H»
Mr till til'. Ilii« ;iiili' tviiD riii out ul na Uiill, iiii'r
Di^iiii^t llir hr^t i;.>-tl'i . 'I'll! I'l' vinn iil u un ilie
ullii I' •lili « mil nuiilliiirii iinil imr iinrlliirn \(>lv,
(fir)iHKli hIiIi li «vi>« H |Ki»«i>ni mill tin* I'.iiiit iif
thr Uticiiiii; IiM' :i^ Ik IIi< I'lliir kmIi «. Ilii' «v>i-
nifjiHin- iiiil nll'Dvi >l In |''-- lliMiiuli Ifn'iii: iinr
whf'ii tliiv mill lliriiiiL'ii I'HiV own k ili' riHidl j
thvV ;('! lu'^iiiiil (lit'ii* HUM U'.il|, 'i'liiN [iliirr ttiH
kltiitl' '' to tli)\'ni<ii« II III 'irtriown C'Hiiiti')< iiiiil
of iiilli' r riiiiiilrii «, )iriPiiyli<l llir,v wifi* ot llii'
■Hitjr iiution, iitiii lliiit ii|ii;i|lt J till' niMrrti >iiJ<'
of ltli< <<inrl liiiit III! KHti' III lilt, lull ifiii iviill tviK
lliii(:l •iitiri' 11)1 that niilr. Hut tliril IIk' • ifehltTi,
wliiili vurr li»|iv<cii till' niit< K < All liiU-irfiiiiii
thi' null iimiifi) In Inn iIk- (lliiiiiliir^: fur lllc}'
jyi-ri' iiiiii|«iiliil lij »rr.» line nml livr;:!! lijlliirn.
TIkhc iliii-l<;r» H(i<: »iiic I"', Hiiil. <'Xi i |iliii(f in
thtir iiiiiKiilliilU , ttirt' iiir wiiyiiil'i'rloi' In IliO"!'
pf till' Inwrrriiiirt: \ ,
3. >iiw uiiir lit' ^lii«(- (jiitts-JW'rp fin Tvm'fiiti'
rovfri-*! ovi r %(illi t^^nlil iiidI hilvfr* ii'* wi-r*' ttic
jniiiliii i>r ttii'ir iliiiir^ iiinl lliiir niilcU: lint lliiii
I will (ilii' <^:iti' that iv'iK hIIImiiI ! Ihr iiitVarit riitirt
of] IIm' liol); h<in«(', wliirli uiiif nl* t'liviiilliiun
' brum, iiiiii {:ri'alt_\ . rxi-rllrilthn^r t'lal \\t v*' i.'iil) -
iCOViiiril iivir niili miwr iiiiil )(nkl, f'.iii'h j:H|i'
bad IMn ilonri, nliuRi' in i^iit \taK>rvi nrlly lliirly
, ruhil*. anil ll" i.i'l'iTmlHi IHii iii. IIdwi up, Ijn \
hail lui')i;<' upari s »i(Iiiiriil lliirly i'iiliit>, iiml lia>l
' .041 rfii'li ^iili- ri)iijn-.f|iiiiil thf^it , lioth iii.lin iiiilli
and in li'iij(lli, hiiill 4tl>i: liii\ir», iiml lliijr In luht
wan nliirvi- inrty .riiUilii. Twii |iilliir'< iliil iiImi
fiii|iimrl -tlHiiv rii'iliK, ami >\iri in riniimli n nri'
twrlve I'lllijlii j\iin tlir liiiiuiilliiilraur Ihr DlliiT
pilrs ivi'ii I'liiial iiiii' til uiiriiliir; liiil that im r
Ihr ^.'iirtilhiiaii !;nli', uliirli ii|ii iii il im llu ui-l
^onr aK'""''t tin- (latt nl' the hniv limi-r it^ill',
■wji.< iiimli lar;f<T; inr it- In lylil \\iii (ii|\ riiltit-*,
-mill \u iloolii Hirr full} iiiliits; iinil il. wii. admii-
rd afl>.rii iiiiiil ini'tlv ifiuiim t, iih haviii);' iiiiii'li
richrraiiil tliirki r iilati « I'l' >ilviraiiil ^nM ii|iiiii
tlii'iii than th«- utiii'r. 'rhrMi- niiii' ^''^itrn hail that
iilvtr mill ((old iiiiiiriil ii|H>ii tin m In Ati xaiidi r
thi! fiillnr of 'riiii-niw. Now tliii-r wrri illij <ii
•(rpit, which ltd Hivay froiii tli<< wkII of tin loiirt
of till*, n'oiiirn. tw tlii.i ^frialrr mitr; wliirrra^i
thoiic thnt It'll tliilhir fnnii ll
five ntfpii Mhorli'r.
* 4. An to till' holv Imiinf it»flf, ivliirh wii«
pfiiCi'fl' in the iiiiiNt f of llit^ iiiiiio'-t riiiii't",] that
iiioiit nacrwl |i|art" of thr li'm]ili , il Ha» ii-ri niltil
lo b) tivt'lvr jitt'p*; and in front ill hii^;[il and
ill bri'itlllh wiri' i'i|lial, and carh a liiiiidrt'd iMi-
.bit!", 'Ihoiijjh it \\»» li.ffciiid loT'lj niliili. iiarroivcri
(or on it» (rinit il lind'yiiat may hr nlyl^il jhoul
■i-iieH oiid'Hihi'ido, thiitWaji'id twi'iity rnliilH fiir-
y ther^ y\ fiml (ftl'" vw^i-.'cnty tliliitH hjjrli, ai;
^t>venjjjV-livo. cnbils bniaiti^mt thin gati' liad I'J
i)6V)rii; tor. it ri'iircstnlid tlio iiiii.v<r«Hl viitibilit
891
di'rrd Hittililiir^ftn'l (Inr burn, nml irArlrl, abil
|inridi jMi^l tii II loiilmturi lliiil «m trulv woh-
ilirf'il.. ,iN..r wa. thi. niixinri' of mlitra With-
..lilt llj h|i<lu:iil |iilir|>i'i|.ili.iir, bill ivaa a kind of
iniiiiff o« Oil iiniiir.i ; for lit ihf m iirb't iliir*'
.11 iiiid In bi' i'iiiniiiniii.ili\ .|^liil|l'l| lirr, by the
fun Man ibi'iarlli, \>\ ll.i' lilui II,.' a<r, and by lh«
iiili^dr Ihi' «ia; iMo lit till ni l.i. iiit thilr CO''
l..r» ihi fonndalion hi Ihi. n -i iinj.iiii'i'j but
lilt' lihi tlrin and lilt' |inr|ili' Imti' tin troiui nriici^
filr'lhiit loundution, liir turtli |iriiibn in;; Hit' oiiK'
and till' iiu tbt' other. 'I'lilt iiirlaiii liiid til«i
ini'iriiuli ndiii il ,ill that wh< niiitllrai in Ihu
In.in'ii", ixrr|i|inK Ihal of tbi' ^tvtilvi | iii((il», '
ri'|>ri'<i iitliu( llviiii;' in ntiii'i a. ■
5. Wlnn ant |ii I'viin i niirnl iiiV Ihi ti'mpttl ,'
iU lliior rifiiviil iWiii. Tbi. iiiirl of ihf li'ai|ib^
Ihrnf'iri', ttii« in 4ii:l;(lit mxit rnbiU, and ill ..
(tli;|th llir luiiiii'; tvbrriaii ilabriadib \Vii« but
Itviiily riibit-i but fiill that ajxtt riibila in b'ii)^l)
iva«dm(lid nffain, niid tbi- fiir-riiurt of ttttiiaml
olf ul firly fiibil., iiail had in il ibriithliiKH that
ivi ri' vVry tvniidi niil uml laniom ainoiiir „|| inun-'
kind, thi' I'lihdU itiMi, thi' liibli' |iif ahoitbrind,]
mill Ihv idlar uf iiirdisi'. ]Sot«' tlii'iivtii liinipt' .,
»l);iiillid tb«' in»ih |ilaiii:ti.i lor »i many tbi'rt) ^^
mil' s|irinKiiiK out of thr candb -liik. i\iiiy tlitt *^
titilvi; loatea thai tvi r<' upiiii llif tabb'«i|;iiilii J
thf I'liidf of lilt' iiiiljnR nml tUi' ji'lir; biit Ijlis
ijlur orint'iniii', by iiK ihirtrt n kiWia of •wi'f'l- , .
hliii fli.iii; •pit'in tvilh t\hii'h thr >i'ii ri pl«'ii)»ht'il
ll, rilihihid, Ibnt (iod i* tlii' poMioor of till '
tliiii<4'< l4lHt art' biilh in tlm uriilihubii.ildr rjiiI
haliilaldi' paria of thr earth, and tliul.thcy nrr nil
lo.bi. ill ibi'Hti'd III hia iiat'. Hilt tliv iAiiiuiit jiart
of tUi ti nijilt' of utl ivna of tiviuly I'ubilt. l^iii
. iVM'" fil".! HI panili'il l<tnn tin onli i- part by n vttil.
Ill tlii» Ihiri tviia nolbit)K.iil all. it tvna inncr^l-
iiddi! anil invioliibb, aiiil not to Im' urn by any; ,
mid ttaa lyilltil lilt! Holy o( llolitji. !Sotv,Hbi>ut
Ihi-'iiiii-ii of tbt* loHir part Hf Ihf ti'iniilt: Ihrre
ttiri! lilllt' hbuai'a.'tvith paMiij^'a out uf o|ic iiito
jinolhir: thrrn ivcri' n (frcat iiiurty of thiin, niid
lljiy rttn of thi'i'i; "tiiriiH hi;;h; iht^ri' trt riu uiko
V
heavfu, ahd'thiit it rannot bi"i xclndt'd froili
flSytjjInct'. Ita fj-ont i*)S»n"rt d tvilli (jold'ajl
ovci'; nhd Ihronnh it tTit'iWt pari of ihi' hiniaf',
.hattva:^ iiiortMUtvnrd.did all of it appear; wliirli,
lit itna very larjrr, ao <liil all Hit' parIa nlioiit
the more inwnrd pat<" appi'jir to" shirif to thoai'
that aatv them: but ihtn, n». thi' rntire hoiiai
:wa8 divided iiitottvo paila H'tthin, |t tva« only tin'
first part of it thnt tvaa opi h t') oiir vietv. It^
bei|;ht extended nil ulonj' to nint'ty eitbiti in
hei<;hl, aiul.its len<fth. tvas liity rnliita, and ifa
brcadtii twenty;. Bflt that snl<' ivhirli tvan at Ibia
end of thclifat piut of thi' hnino, ivna, tut Wt
have already observed, nit over routed ■ with
gdid, as tvas its tVholc wairnli^i it: it -jilul Ms'n
golden viiiej above it, frotii|Hrli' cluMtrs of
rra [H'» hung a s ta ll n « n iiiau ■» "W^h*- ^"1 *!'< '' >
this house, :is It was divided iiiti> Iwo parts, tlic
inner part vvas loirer thaii^he np(U'iiriiini'e of the
outer, and had golilen dj^oi^' of fifly-five riibits al-
titude, and sixtLcn in brt'adtli;"bul beforu thest;
doors there .iVna a veil of eiifiul, liirf;('iii'.sa with
the doors. It )iras a Ilabylunian curtuin ; einbrolT-
69 . *v
I nlraiii'tt on I'lii'h aide iiilo them fn/iii the fftite
III the t<Mf|di'. Iliil tlieoupi riiir part of tlic luHI-
pU' bad Kiini:li little lionatiiii'bj^^lartlier.bct.'aMe
ollnr jfalia tvrrt 'ibe ii iii|U#ltt'a« there narioiii r, and fnitj eubils
hi|;hir, uiid of n aiiinller bmly tlinii.the Intvilr
iiiirla of it. Thus tve colleit lliat ^lie vhol«
iH'mhl, ini'bidiii;; the sixty I'uliitu friim Ihi lluor,
aiiioiiiil, ll til a Inindriit riibiia. '
ti. Aow the oiiltvard fare of the temple in, ilji
front jviMitt'd nolliiii); that uja likely lo'tiurpi-.iae
Mther men's jninds or tlnir ^vm; for it will
lovired alt uvrr will? plait li Ol' RCld of jfreat
'it, and, at the first riain^ of the sun, relied-
*a very fitrv splendor, aoilinade those
rc'cd' |ht'niai,'[ve» In look upon il, lo turn
cs mvay,'juat na theyvvoOld liiive done at
^ siiii's otvn riiys? >l!ntth|,a temple upptsnred
io-'alraiijfers, tvhen they tveitS romini; (o it nt a
iH^tniii'i^like o inouiitaili rovi." (I tvilh.anow; for.
aa to thove imrta of it that tveie not );ill, they,
tvere fxreeiliiij; 'tvhite. Ob it* li'P it liad spikes
.with sharp, points, to prevtrBt 'any pollution of it
^ Ijinlj silting upon it. Of ila "tones soino of
lii tvt re lorty-live cn^iits in b njftb, rivctfii
i);!it, uiid six iii hretidtb. liifore thi^teiiiple
iihI the nltar, fii'lee^i ctilnti hi(;h, uiM.^ijaial
botirin leni^h and iTi'lifltli; each orii'||itlj '
iiieaVions wus fifty cubita. 'I'tic figure il^
built iir tvas a s<|uare, and it had corners*
lioYiis; and th'c paaaage n{i t<> it was by an i '
aible ncetivity. It was fornictt without 'am
tool, liqr dill any nuch iron loot somiii'h'^Si^
it a t a ny t i m e . — There tv as ii Wo i > w al l oT
lit n eubit in -height, made of
o as to be fateful tu the ji^htf'tbitf^
Mlic holy imusi', nnd j^jj^tar, nmr
'kepTtlie jit^ple Ihal tven- on the iMgpBlf frnni t
the priests. Rloreoyer, those ihiilTMtWbe go-,
norrpica and the lcpro>y wine escludcU out Of
, ■■■.■-■ ■ ■ ■ 2V9' -
539
'wilit
OF TIIK
JBWH.
lb* cHy f nlir*ly woiini »li<>iwliimli|lpfcufi»i i will »ll H"*- "I""'' <>'
w*Mi upon Ihaiii, W»MI tliiit Itut oMli«triiii>U| i»H« butll Mpi»« I.. Ill
nor whun Itiv) wire lr«# lyrpin ^m iiii|i(irtljr, i,iiii»»ril |iiirl» liml lli
w«r* tticy ■lliiwixt tu Kp >>< )
0l«llll0ll«il : llMIl llNi), llllit
uurt', wrr« |iri>liiliil«it li>
[court »( llii'l luiiipUl ivv
•rivr* lli«( w*rc lluli Itul-t'i
eoiiio Inli) II Hbu, / I }
7. N»w nil ihom of ilif' »M
(hill iruiiM 111)1 itiiiii'lA r by Wii«ml
ill lllCtr llU.lltK, CHIIlil Wlll|(l&(
(her nitli tliii>t> lliurl hHil/nr .
■(Ill Imil their i>l<iirr Willi mfip lly riixiii of thrtr
iRc liittil Im'
gl|hiirijunl>ly
,^ tlin iiimr
riraU llii'in-
r/>Ull>ltril tu
it tlip |irlc«li
Viii •iiiiif tlrlVct
lifiruiiiiii, liiKK'
fi iiii|i< rlVcti<m.
nm Mill fiirili ni
liHi , It ViiiK |Hirl><l jiito nil lliii<l- 111' rii«ui« tinil
titlHr ruiivtniiiii'K'*. ihm li »• (MDili ulxl flwry
l'»r linlliliig, mill liriiNil ■(larin iiir iiimiix JlfO'
iiiiii'Ji, Ihial liv hnvilij; ajl i,oilvri)i«nriiia llml rilict
iVHiilnit, i^ HHkIiI •I'Hii I'" III' TDimionnl nf wiVtral
cilii'i, liilt li) ilo iiiiiKixl"'*"^'*' II ri't'iMiiil H iin-
lufn ;. mid i» lliti till i I'll llriM'litn rorinUlcil tlmt
III' a iDwer, il i-iiiiIiiiih'i4bI40 four ciilirr iliiliiict
Inwtrn m il« fiiur ii.riuM; wlirnof lh« iilli*™
yyvn but liHy i'uliil< IiIkN; wlmriiita llml Hliiirh
Uy u|i<in III* tiiiillK'iiDl i-ormr nii« nrvfiily cu-
lliii-ll^ bill Mill iHiiill' u«' i/t iiftli.' *xr»|it ihrir own! l)iU liltfli. rtiiil liiiHi Ih. mo llie wimlo Uiiipl*
urivald Koniitut*! iur nilxxVy hut Im Ihnl olU- uii)<lit lie niwnl: Iml on llic i-oriiip, w^itri' it
rlmotl timl on liir«iic(*|»l Kiiriiuiil.; but lliin jkiikmI lo tlm Irtofl.iHUrii of llii' tini|.U'
. It hiiU
thuM i.ii. »•• Ihnl wvf,- d,tUi',4t liny htiiiiiilNiion fniMugfi ilowu to lli.iii bolli, ihroHKli wlikh llrt
lio« liny nil!..,., .,^,-.. [ p^ 111- II
thcni.'wiut up |.> Ihf i<ll»r . Intli..l in liilu HJIfii": 4 |tu»nr(lor lh«r<i iilwny* m <n IliU low. r .i Jlii-
They ab»tiiincrf rlitrH/fmm wine, mitrof llti* F>**ii l<((i"») wut «vMia »»» j umotiir llii; doii-
fcnr. Ii'«t olh.iVM«i lilt* ihuulil lrmM({riiin*oiiii- | UMi, witli tluir iitiin, on tIjjIJ. in»li f. -tivnl., iii
rulei ol thi ir iiilni«tiiit/oii. Tli.' In)?li pritii »licl , orilir to Hiittli llio pntpU. llml Wiy "niK.''l 'W
Bboij
rufinil witliiMilaiiitii
in|( (u till) tvi't.
li, null lVinKt-"ofl<'''"''f«"''l»- I ■ r ot AnloiUu,, if w« li»t> Hlrimly lulil you; mid
'i'liiru W€Tii iil'o (foliUn billn 1 ft» thill Itijlon wliitli tliii IowitoI Anloniu kIooiI,
tbat huHK upohll/ii fringtt, ami point «piiiia««» in- i Win tlir lilUii^l iil aji.«t thrtti. ».i ilul it ml)
t«roilx»ii anionn Iheiii. ^flic IwlU >.n<iiili«i'l ttiui}- |:tlif nt w i lly, iiml "WU'''' only plin o llwit liiiiiKr-
diT, the pona'Ki'Aiiali'ii1iK|ili>«iiK. Kiit llint |;'irillc
that linl tlif ^arilitnt lu Ihi^ lirtiiiil, vtM •lil-
broiilori'il wit(l live row* of variom coloiit, of
gold, and iMirrtle, nnil •Carlt I, aa hUo of lint' Ihitn
•ltd bFur, n^li wliicli colprt we Inlil yuu bt'forc
Ihtt vi'ili of III* tnii|>)f w«re »iiibriii(UTi'd alio.
The liLo eirtlirniilory ivns upon tli«i'plio<l, butlhv
quaiillly of golil thi ri'Ui waii (crtaltir. Itn finuru^
it mljoin tu
t niiiil«r-
Andilliit,
V
6f n «)kiiiiacher fur tb* ^irt»»t. rii*lo
were up/in it Ywo goliUji bultoni liku iuiiill
.ihieUli./'wIiich buttomd m )'|t>ioil to Ihe i^nr-
menti In these buttons w«n rnclosed two Viry^
lar^ ,4nd very f xclllcui sardonyxis, bnviiig; lliii'
nan.^ of the lrJlM!»_of llml iialion iMiitrnveil upuii
theiit; on llie 'olb»^ port iht^rc hung twelvf
ttnfics, (bree in a ruvV ftne way, ami four i» l\u:
•' o^er; a^ardius, a tupiMinad un cnic-rulil ; n car-
uncle, i^jasprr, ami tt'lwpphiris an oolite, an
•melhy'r, iind B linurc; i>n oiivx, it beryl, and n
/ chryio'lite; upon every tOiia oUwhicli wiw ii|fiiin
/ eoenived one of Ihe rorenl|ptfoniilW|Riues of the
. (ribea.~ A n itrc alio of fine lUien ipiicoiiipniised
hit head; win -h ««|dj|Mil by n iHue riband, idiout
which there wi s ^Hpffr f;iMdC'n crown, in wliicli
. wa» enwraven tn,>^Rrrtd nailie [of (iod:] it foii-
iiitaot four yaptia., Ilowevi-r, llio hig% prii hi
did out wear thc«L gnrmeiltn nt other liiiicn, but
B more plain habir; he only did it when ho vvi nt
into Ihe iiioiit snrreo part of the trniple, which
■, he did but once iu a year, on that diiy whin our
1 custoiii is for idl of us to keep n fnnt to Cioil. Aiid
thus much coiirvrniiif^ the city ^id the female;
but, for the Custanis ami l&wshort!to rcluling, ne
ihail speak jture accurately another time; for
..-.there rcniainMiiiiigra*t manjT things thei-eto re-
lating, which Have not bt;«:iv here touched upon.
8. ji^ow, B.4 tu the tower of Antotiiii, it was
•ituated at the corner of two cloiMcri of the
court of the temple, of that on the Wtlt, and that
on the north: it was erected upoit a rock of fifty
cubits in height, aiul wan on ti great precipice:
it was the work of kinc Herod, wherein he de-
munstrnted his natiiniV niasnanimily. In the
... .... -.Rht olfto l^'ilyfle "U I'"' nortli. ..
shiill .»iiirnt: at pri « iillp,hBV« spokt ii iitjiut the
city and the walls nbiiift, il, bfcaUMi 1 hiivf p^o-
'" ' to liiTmU to make Mliope (ijccuridp de«
whore, fi ^
CIIAC. VI. ,
Co;iccrninirllie TSjrnnll ''•liinon and John. Hv»
ut.io, a> Tkunrai goinu rounJ Ihi IfuU ft^lAf
JMud to lii?»iJl'
Whon ofiljf,
first place, the rock ilaelf was covereil over with
tniooth pieces of itone, from its foiiiidation, both
for ornaintnt, arid that any one who would either
try to K^t up or to go down it, might. not be able
to' hold his feet upon it. Next to this, and before
you roiue to the <(dificc of the towtr ilsLlf,.;here
WM a wall three cubits high; but within (hat
lUians. riii;jji ten thoasiindJ
ers, over whom thin
Iduni^nHll ihut piuij
»und, ami had ^
(hose gf jcriiuti^Dl l3
Kiiit.And Simon th*|[
liilili'teiiiicl upon tlt<^
nrnied men iiiulir tf^
pr«|in^. * The
houiH)?e were five thou- .
^i«mlej|,*<iiiiuitK whom
JaoB the sou uf .Su-
f CadKs. .John, who ^
inple, PP six Ihuusiiml
,„,„,_ ., -g-rj^y couimiiiiilers; the iia-
loti *»Uo that bad cjmie'over to him, and It ft olf
tlitif oppojition, W( rtitwo thousand four hundred,
and had the siiiue ooiniuiiiidt r that Ihey hud for-
merly, Eleeliiir, to^reftier with i>iiiion the son of
Arinua. Now, while IhiSu fabtiuns fuught4)ne
UKuinut tiiiotlier, the peoplo Were their prey on
buth aides, as wu hhve said already; and that
part tif Ihe pe.o|)le which would not Join with
theiit in liieir wicked practices, were plundered
bv botli faction*. Simon ' held the ufipcr cit\ ,
and the great wall n« far as Cedron, and »s niimh
of the old wall as bent from Siloani to the east,
and which Went down to the palace of Munoba-. ,
lus. Who was king of the Adiiibene, beyond Ku-
phrates; he also h«'ld that fountidn, and the Acr«
wliicJi was no other than the lower city; he bIso
held all that reached to the palarcof queen llele-
ua, the mother of Mpnobnius. But John held the
temple and the purls thereto atlioiniiii', for a great
way, as iiln.O Ophln, and Ihe valley culltd[ the Val-
ley of Cciiron; niid when the par ts that were in-
ley UI VytrtlKUII-, mm win^ii mi: ptiita >i,«* ....... ...
tcrjMised, between their poast'ssions were burnt
by theiii,-lhey.ieli_B space wherein Ihey might
fight with each Rther; for Ibis internal sedition
did not cease ejrc'n' when the Romans w*re ep-
»Thotethreci|!UaTdt that lay In the low" of AbU)-
nia must lie tlinse ihiit Kuarilcd the city, Ihe temple, UM
tbat lowci of Antonla.
/"*,
^-lafe
CBMpaul tlirltv.
Uiry h.<ir)(i>iijv
mans iiomUi ufii
lor thiy rdufi
s*|Hiiit(ed''^in«r
•nil did eviry
aire Iheii) to di
' lliBl mis woraf
each olhf r aull
'^ durid by lire
f ^iHJuld be eilaei
Hah«|ip)r belori
that look il dill
tu ullirni, tli.il I
the Koiiiiint ile
a iniii'li linrdei
walla; ao thul
tuui a III uiir u«
taken on lh«iii
Ur 1*1 evt.rj»1
both aide*.
Now, vlh
Ilia poiturc,
lidH with M
about fir a pr>
an iiiipre>jii„n i
doubt whert I
on any aiile,'(ri
where the viilli
llrst wall ufi^ii
the *H|riiiea,;
nwkv Ilia unaiiu
higl|(|rii>l: fo
ratiiin wiit< Imv
tu il, the biiil
strong where I
cd; III re idio
wall, ihriiiigh
per city, niiil, I
temple iiielf.
round abmit tl
name wna Nirt
hi< left ahouhli
Josrpliua; too
discourse to th
l^ns of laeacf
llic)[n. pn till
)|j|t)>n as hi; ki
V^^duld not belli
>^ persuade Ibrm
•ervation, wii«
He alao at the
ib set the subu
.thduld bring til
agHtu4l the rl
army in three
wurlia, he pU(
archers in the
miaiiig; btfur
that tflrew jai
he might prei
upon tilt ir ivii
were upon t)it
them. So the
•VVlintslioulil
. woril, wlien tlic
"llio oiitflnu, Tk(
the rcuilhiE, I ri
! > liBlIn, nil iisric
- or anv vrounilli
from rioi.io II
Ihe (irKDKi or (/■!
lluilsuu, anil no
pliUB written cy
war in pure llcb
llelirew lit Jerm
like that turn m
— tluu m i |i li l l i ait
pbiis wrote hid f)
yond I^UpliriiieK
aidlhiSBi'ronili'
wasllieChiilili'c
B«R,aiVl wiiaiiF
«l*o, tatlie New
f » |H«-
111* tiinl
; iico-
t I'iiir*
11 iiii-
il lUt
lUtliirt
olhcra
nliirh
iljr <'u- ,
Iriiipl*
)nrf it
, tt hiiil
V cluk-
vnU, ill
i;lil not
I'nr Ilia
ilTi »t
Itiiipli';
llirte.'
S'»K li>
!«■ ; but 1-^
lir l(iw-
>u; mid
t KtdOll,
iljciiii tu
liiiiil«r-
Villi tliil^
jiiit the
IVf' |l^0- .
llnfiht
'; I/Alt'
e .SiV
w
^
m...
moK v.-ciiAP. VI.
^«»
e*«|MiI jiiHir thf ir «rrr wall*. Hut *ltliuiii(h
ikty hHir^itiMrn wi««r li> tlii^ iirti nmii iht- lio-
nuiK iiiiMlK u|Kiu ihi'tn, llii> l<i<liil Iml « nliiUi
lor ik); rdiiriKil tu llitir litriiut miullicti, hihI
H|Hint(<'(l'1inin'><Viiil» «i|"ll»'i'> nml IuiikIiI It Ulll,
•nit dill t'V<rv ihiiiK IhdHfar l>i<ir|iii> voulil lU-
liJflt. '
•liilrljr, mui ih» lultiirUi IrA niliril. Rul now
wImIi 111!' liiiiliir Hill inirMngU) riiiw III* ImoIii,
niiil lliu wrlioUi itriii) nut'fNiiuailt iit)|it|(ii| in
Ihrir «iirli», III) Ji'H> wirr iiul, lii'mvti r, i|iii#li
mill it h«|>|irn<<l lluil llm |.(i,,,l<, .,| >«riiMlriH,
wli.i hml liriii Jillli»rt.i |iluii.|ir<il iiiiil iiiurilrrati.
I III t
(tit wire
llie Mu.,
iiiiijntfliP'
It.* Til*
»«! lllllU-
f wllnin
II of So-
ul, who ^
liouaumi
iIm; zi'U-
lUriolT
lUiidreil,
liud I'or-
e »ont>(
i)(lit«n«
(irty on
ind (lint
In with
iindcrcd .
er cit«,
asniiKli
the ru»t,
klonoba-
oiitl V.a-
li<> Acr*
; lie alM
enUcle-
hi'ldthc
T a )(reat
the Val-
wvere in-
re burnt
!}- might
sedition
»ere ep-
rof Anto-
inpl«,uA^
lul the
nil'
ritjr weYe
the I'ili (Ml till!
n, Hiid loiil»'i|,
(f iriiulit Hi;tl|i
t 114 fill
J|^B|ii> |iii«l4irr, TiliK
*^Htldrt with (unie rhiioi
•uiHil lir a prii|it'r plncf iv
•n iiii|>r>'iuii.in iipmi the wiif
doubt whrrf lis CiiAli4 |>ui
on any •iili'/(ru^M<u jilui'it wimltKHfuy iiii'i^dtAr
where the VHllcy* weri , and on l)lBK|irr<i(le the
first wall ii|i{M'iirrtl tio tirung liil^Kaliaki n by
the rH)riiieii,V '>" thereii|)uii tli»il|PP||l b< >t
make lii< umuull ii|iiiii tlm iiioiiiiimi'mi »I JuIiii t
hi|i;ll(|l'ii>l: r.irtlMri it was lliii'l lire lir»l kif'
catiim wiit< liiiver, and tlie iiei'oiid \\a» niil Joi'
to it, the biiiliUra iir^li (ilii|; (o biidd tlii' «
t(roii( where till- new tily wa« nut much irtli.ilii
edi'mre id«<i ivn« nn iii«y )i:i»iit;i l'> the (bird
wall, lhriiiiu;h wli. Ii lir lttnii|;lit to tnki tin- ii|>-
per i-rty, niid, thrmigh the timer of Antoniii. the
trni|ile ilielf. i'.iU at tliiii tune, n« he wiia gMn;;
round nboiit the lity, one uf iili li'lend)!, wh^n
name wnii Mirahur, uni> wotinded with n ilart nn
hi< left nhiiuldir, ii» he iip|vMi<rhtil, iii|;ellier with
Jotepliuit,' too iieiir llin wall, nnil iillniipted to
dUroiirwi to tb<i>e that were upon tli" wnll,iiboiit
tMpni of itenee; for he WKs ii^per^ni known by
, ttiClii. ifn lliis ncrount it vii\i lliiit (;ie>Br, a'n
mr* Iheii) III do; liir Ihi'fllhtirsulk'nd any ihiUK were n<iw vf K<ii>il luuraKe, and •nnpined lh»»
' thai nut wiim* it%>ui Iht KoUMna, (ban Ihiy made ubiiidd have a linaihini; Umi , wliilr |h<> ulhara
eaeh i<lhfr nultWr; nor wa« lllrre any niiiery en- { wrre very buiy in oppf.aiiiK iln ir uneiniea with-
^ durtd by lire i ity atli r llie<e iveu < aclioiit, Ibal j oul the rityi and thai t)»\ 'ttiriM Mnw be Hvenf*
f/j«twuhl be eitaeiiint new. lint il waa moat of all ril i>n l)iiiiv ihat kiul bein ijl^nihiira ol lliiir
Mahappy luinre il wu« ovi rlhro'wn, while IhOa*
that (oiikil dill It iiKreuler kindiie»ii lor I venture
to allirni, tli.it tin >e'|iliiMi de>l£>^«d ihr iily, uud
the Koiiiiint dxtroyid Ihi niHUon, Wliiih il wai
a iniM'h hnrder thiHK to do tMU In dealroy the
walla; an thiit we may jually iiai'rilie our niiafor-
tuui a to our own pi o'pli , anil the ju^l venj^eani'e
laken on thvni to Ihe Kuinaiia: ni to whiili iiial-
tcr let evf.r>'ono^ determine by Ihti.ui'tiona on
both aide*.
Now, when nlfnirMwitliin tli«
uiiaenea, in ca«' lh« IIoui^iIPiIkI but Ki I tha
Vielurv.
;l. However, /ihii itiiid bahind intl iii' fear of
tihiKin, even while hia own iiian weri' eniiiitl m
making n aally upi'in Ibi ir ineniifa ivilhuiil. Vet
did ii"l Sinlitn lie alill, for he l.iy near tin |pI.h'i'i,(
Ihe aieifei he brouj(lil hiaen|(lii«vjf wiir, an I ilia.
poaedof iheiniit dueiliaiiiiii't a upinf^Uieaaall. b.ilh
Ihoie whirh ll|ey look Iroin Ci Mluiluriuerly .ttiid-
/•'I.
t^CTwiiuld not bear even miih «■< nnprmirlird them I'o
••peniuiide Ihem to nliatluiiled (o tin ir own pre-'
•ervation, wiia provi>Keil to prea.. mi the »ii;(e.
* He alao at Ihe aiinie (iiiie j;av« hia »iditii r'Vtwmik
(6 set the tuburbt on Xi'e, nnil ordered that they
jhduld brin); limber to)^ther. and r:\(-v the biinkii
Ihoae whiili liny not when ihe) ai itMl the niir-
rUunlhal lay in llie InMer Aiilonlu. fl|ii lhoui;l|
ttoy had llieae I imiiiis in llirir piiaae»<ion, ihijr
% lillln akill III iiainv tliiiii, ihiil lliey went
n K"""' "leaauri HaiUaa to ilienn but a fevr
wni inftixre werii- who had bi en IiiukIiI by diaerlrrt
ikii an allHtk i how to u<e Iheni, whii h lliey >lid u" , I1m)ii)(||
'ifler an uwkwiiril niiinnir. So lh<y I'li*! al.ini*
mill HiroHaul IIumi |bal wece iiiiik:iiK llielinnka:
they iUmi ran out niviii llieilP^y euiiipiiniea, iiii>I
f<iii;;hl With them. Now Ihoae th:it wi re nt work
I'irtereil. theiiKiliit with hurilba tpniiil over
heir biiuka, anil tin tr enuiiii a wi re oppiHi d li)
hull when liny nnn'e, tin ir <\ruraiior«. The
• iiKinW. that idl ihi b^tiona Imit nady pii p-irid
|.ir'lhi;ai,neri iiilniimlilv lontrivi d, lint i.|||l iiior«
(Mniirdiniiry cinla liiloii;,eil to the lentil b({ioni
111 Ihiil iliriiv d.iila, luid ill ..■■ llilil llireiT
«liMH a, were more fiirible and limiff r Ihan Ihn
rial," by whieh thit iiiit only repillid tin ixilir-
«inna 111 the Jena,' bill drove ti, „„ nwny (lint
w> re npiiU llu' Hull'. i.|i,). .\ow, Ihenluma timt
were r»<t wero of the wei^til i.f a tiiliiil, ni^
were riurii'd two fiiil.oma and liirlher. Tin blow
ihey gave wan no «;iy li be aiialiinied, iiol .nil/
liy tbo»« lliiit aluii.! ifr-t in the n.iy, I'lil bi tho'.o
that wrri' bivond Iheiii fur a (ji'iat apai'e. Aa
for tlie'i'Wii, thiy at 1'H'i.t whIi'IuiI the n.oiim; of
ibe »ti)ni', for it wa* of a while inlor, and r..iilil
therefnre Mol
"If
ml
try bingiinge, Tin; sii'x id.mktM:* ao l|
were in ita wiiy »! j.id oil', iind Ibiiw the
down upon the cr.'unil; by whirli nienn*
III at
I lV)»
agarual the rtty ; .and \vlien he bad |iiirleil litt, from ii, and efied mil ulourl, in thiii- own rnun
army in three part* In ortb'r to i-tt about Ihoae ' - - — - -
vrurk*. he placed ihoae thrtt shot ilarlii and the
nrrhera in the mldat of the bnnka |h:i| were ihcn
niiairi)r; before whom he plueed Ihoau engine*
that tflrew jnvelinsi and darta, mid atonea, that
he nliffht prevent the eiuiny fr'iiii ndlyin^ out
U|)on tliiir ivorkai and niiifht liiinler ttinse llini
were upon t)ic wall froiu bein-; able to obatruet
them. So the trees were lijow cut ilown iiniiic-
■■ VVlintslioulil lifllli«mannii|(orihissli{n»lor watrli-
, wofil, wlien tlio wolrlniioii saw a sloiie roini«| fronh
lliocnuiiiu, Tk(i>uK muir/A.ur whul ini.^takctlicrelnln
the rcuilinE, I rannot tell. The MSH. Iioth I •'reck and
!• Lalln, nil iicrre III Ihiar.'Hhnf ; anil I I'nniiot apiirnve
'- of any sroaniiri^a coii|'*<*lura4 iilierrilioii'tif. llie text
from rioi, to ioi:,th»i noi tlie ton urn *roa«,butltiat
the firrof/i or if'ir|caffl''/A, iia I'litli Ih'lmi niaitu liy Dr.
lludiou, anil nnl corrurleil >'y lluvi'ri'ain|i. Mad Juaa-
phus wrllteii even kin flrat eililloii nl'lhe'<G hAokaof Ihc
war in purellchrcw, or hn.l llie Jen i Mien iixid tjieunro
ll«lirew at Jcriiaalrin, the Melirew nn d for a ton ■■ so
like thai l^ra ^'nar, Mra and /:/"'ii, i iiiiwirlin rorrec
ol only be lieiieived by tin grist
niii'ie It mail I , bill roiil.l be well al^.i brl'.oe il
cmii)', by its briKhlnraa; ai'rordin^ly , Ibe walrh-
meiithiit sat upon l!ie tnwera u.ite ibnii ifntieo
when the engini' waa let k'>, and Ihe «liiiie ciiino
"it — Hut JOM-
tiun ni i y li t Inne li ee i i uHi i e eaa il > i i d i iii ii i'i l . — But
pbiis wrote hill Ibruicr iidiiion for il e iiae of llie Jews he
yond I^Upliraleii, aiid miin llieClial.li'ulan'.'Uaiie, as lie
didtliisatTondeditiun in llicllreeklaiiiiuaiie; and Jliir
waslheClialdi'e word for son. liNti'aii of tin; Urlirew
B<n,aiid waa iih'iI nut Ojily in I'haldca.&r.. Ian in Jiidi^a
ateo, asthe New Tes'.aiuviit bil'urins us. I>io also lelsiii
nil br
their Ihna j{iiHrdiii!^ lluinoivi ', tlie aloitf f^U
d iwnanddid them no harm. Uiitthi Koinanaeull'
Irived how lo priveiit that, by bliirkiii^ the alone,
who llicn eonl'l aim at theni with aiii'ieaa, nhen
the stone was ii >t dlarerneil lit fireliaiid, us il hail
been tljl then; and so they dtatroyed iiiany of
knonr, Ihat tha Tcry Hoinans al Konie (tronounrrd Urn
naincof Hinion.tlieaonofcJiiirn. /iiir /'iii-aii lor Iturili:
orin^wi we team from Xi|iliiliMi'. |i; '.'IT. Ki-.lard tiiki'V
nottre, " Tlin't iiiaiiy wilt here loofi Inf a iliyali-rv, as
lhniiiflillu.'nn*aniii|! wemlial Hie .S. anfi;iiit'rii»i«iiow
(o lake venKea lire on rtie sins of llie Jewisli iiiiiion.'"
wlilrh Is, indeed, (he Irulli of llie fail) Iml lianl'.y wl at
the JeWrtirmild now mean; ilirleaa, iaiiistldy hy way ofde. .
riSion of I'hriiK'H Ihrealpiliiliia ao olHni niiiile. Ilial IM
would citmt at ilie head of llie Kuiiliii ariiiy for i lli^rr iv-
slruetiOn. Hut even ifiia iiiii'riirctalion huslmi a very
small deiirec of protiallllly. If I Were (niiiaki'aiieaifii-
dulion. liy iiici? lonjcrtiire. I vVould rend li f,Tr()>; In-
sleuil ol I ioi^> iiinnen liie iiKriiess he tint ao great as in
I02. ; lrt.(Mil>e Ihril IS the v\ord used tiy Joai'iilnia JusI
ta-'fnre, 4|^ have dlready iioied, on IliiayeryO'-raaioni
Willie lO^-aiwirriitr iiri/'irr. ia only.a |HM>liral word
and never iisid h;. Joiie||bns e'acw here, and ij. Indeed,
mi waysuitnlile to Ihenj^asiiin, Ihi'i iM;;inc nut throw*
IpgarrowB or dtirts, tmt gfoil (fgncs at this Una
i
*
■,!<"•
A
\
034
WARH OV TIIK JKWII.
(IkiM tt on* blow. Y«« <ti'l do! ihr h <»•, Ht«l»r
nU ihi« ili«lr»M, |Mnnft lh» HtHniui* to miw-th'tr
laiikt lit M«»l»«l '"•• ••>•» •»>r»willy »n'l Im*II» •«■
triril ihi'iiiM'ltra, ami r«|<illi"t thtiii hntn hy
■iuhl Mill li) liny.
4. Aiitl now, it\mn lliK AnlfhiiiK lli« lliiniNn
<turli«< »h"' wiirkifnii iiirMiirnl llir ilnlami- Ihi-rr
Pf» rroni III* trull, anil ihu li.« liit.l itnil ■ liit«,
^hirll ihiy Ihrcw »ii rl I'mmi th< ir banli*, fur lh»y
toulil Mil |ii«ia<iir« U mij' Mfrwiw. ••»<■»«•« «•"•
J»j»f • wiiiilil •hiiiil al Ihnii, rf ihrj laAii' »<i im •-
•arc I* ihfiimltoii "ii'l wlv*"> •n»y '■•«'"' "'•I
Mnwrvcr, Iha tr*r* <n*f* H'li* |o<i hunl fir tM
Hoinitn*, liy Iha liifmiM ««4mill. llir* ni«<l< hka
iiiiuliiK'n ; nail lltf iHi i-UMglil h'lW "if «tir wirli*,
•i\i( hiilh all iIki^ tt'irk*. uiict tlir tngint* ih*»i<
frlv«a. bwl l<*i II In rlxliKrr of hrin|i liiirnl. hi'l wit
nitiiy «( lli'xi* ••I" I •nliUrr* iVint rami< Irom
AlriRilltHa ii(ipr>«.il i(iiMiMl»«» •'■ prrmil ll|
anil bail Ihiy iiiHlii Imvi-il ihiiiwiUn wllb irrat.
tr rniiran* than ihry llimi»»l»»« •iHi|io«*iMbi>»
••.mill hair if.Miii (.ir lliijr i*ililiil Ib.i.r til Ihii
IlKlillhttI ha,l Krinlii^niiiitalliin Ih"" lli*iii>itv>*
briiiri*. Till* tva> Ibr >l,il> n| lbmx< li|M'<i»«r
•arc M ili*iit<i»itiiii am wnrii inrj iwiiiiu ..in. .....,,.. ..,.„„-....-,.... •■■'•...,
Ihf II.J.III.. ir/iiM rr,..h ill. wMI. ih.J bro.iijhilo.ill ih. .I.imU.I ..flu. b«r...,i. .1. ami «I af Ih^'I
Ikfiu iTiilh. r, 'I Imi illil rilin ■• « hn »ii|fii»i • a«
proiirr <li>l»nri>, mi iniub miirrr In lb« wall,
Utat Ihr Jt w« liiitht xo* U atila to ri jal lh»iil,
anil KM** iinlirt Ihay »h»iilil (?'• *•' wiir« i apil
whan lli.'r*ii|iiiM a iiri'iili|(i.iii< nnnrioh.w.l ri/aml
(biiul fri'ti 'nrti- |il«i.«. ami lh»t un tin' •iiil.l. it
ih«rB wn» a^rral iiuJMi tiia.ii< liv ibi' litiinu Ihal
warr within lb., .-lly, awl no l.i« ii t.'rr<ir liil
u|Hin iliK »'.lniiiii« iliri«.*l»i'«i «vhirni|ioii '"'ih
»orl», Ml iiii( ilif I'utiiHi.m lUiiiti r Iw) w*ri' in.
r.inlrivi'.l l.i ninkr a liki' ili'l*nia. Su »h.i»e of
(jiltrn III iHrli.iinrriril .iil» ""f »i» »iv>ilhrr, that
ih»} mini iiillrtly a» in V.iiitrrl Wilh ihilnKr.
mitt; wb.riin Ihry iiit^bl, liow«»»'r,Mi.ilwilh.
»«ainlinK(i.i.l iliil i(a,l k™''« limn a Mbm roiiJ
""kpril, 1(1 ihiir |)ri'«rnl fir.uMHl»nii'», i<k lay a»iili'
lllf ir iniiiilm mil' onaiinl amilbf r,* ami lii^Moili-
Vi<^.'4i<>iri'll"r aKKintt ibf ftkiimuu
niitii %n\K (Il.w«. Ilml i-uiiH- Iruni Ihn ti«iilili' |i-»v«, l • ,; - ,, ,,•, _
b» iirii. Iifiimliuii, In Kd lUB.n lb.' will; J.ihii iilw f • CHA
hlUtn. If. Uimiltli lir r.ml.l i|.H Ih III V. tli.i« Simon ^^^^^ ^^^ , ,^^ y,„,,„
wai m . «riK..<, ifHu. lh.i.i iIm- »mii.^ Ii »»i'. ^" oh , ^ .. , •' ^_^ ^,^ „„,„
both niilli^ lb.) Ui.l ii-|rli' IhiirbHjri.l ami lliiir
iirruliur ijiiiiri't'l?, ami fi.r*iinl lli.nmlvi-i inli)
una burly; liny ibi-n rmi rmiml ibn w»ll«, a|til
. •ItavinK n »B»ltiiimlnTof l.ircliin wilh Ih.in, ibi-y.
ibri'W (lifiit al tli« iliiir.liima, anil »liiii iliirt« (a-r-
prtuiillv ii|i"n lbti«i> Ibal iiii|<.lli<l tlMilr I'nKini,*
'. whiih bull, rill Ihv Walli M"y, lb'" bubbr mrl
ItaiMil iMit by lriiii|» U|iiin Ibc litirill. • Ihnl I'o-
»»r«il thf iiiacbini*. anil |ImI1i.I Ibi in In |ii«<ri-.j
■ntthll Hiwn Ihuttt (hill In li.ii>;«il In Ihtin. ami
twat ,tb.'i(i, nut fu iiiiich by any kJhII liny bail.
Ibi' li<ililnn«ol ibiir ulliiiliii.
|iriuri|ially by
..^wtv.T. 'I'ltiin hini«i!li^<ill mil
thii«< Ihai niro lb* barifr-O..!. nml plmiil bmh
I hiniti^lljKtill unit ii»<i»iiim-p tn
How
hurHdiiin anil arch. r» i^lbr nntriil •iil.« of thi
rnKino, nmrHit^fby lii^iit niV Ib'i" Ihiil bhiuiihl
thi liiT to llAnii h.! iiU.i ibirihy ri|iilliil llmSMj
tbut iihot tliiWii or (lnrl» fnini llm Inwim.' luul
Ihfii Ml Ib.'WnKini'i. In »iirk in p'oil v«riii'«ti
ytl iliil nut lb*' Hull }i*lil In ibi i.' lilnwn, . xiiplr
Inn whi'ir Ih.' baltrriiiK-niin fif (Ur. Iill.'enth V-
glon Inoviil ih/j.iriii r nf ii InH i f, wliilr lli.i wtill
K«lf ronlinui-jT
lhi'"jiiriii r nf II InH If, wliilr II
ui-Aunhitrt; for lli.i wnll w
(bl naniv iliiii|;<r Hilb tin-
«a.4 not
prraently in llrf unnin iluiijj.r wilb tin- loivrr,
whirh wamxlant fitriibdvi! il ; nor ipiibl ih.^fall
of that pari of llii' Innir .iisily lirmlf thiwii any
nnrt of ill.' wiiH itmlf ln|tilbir with it.
5. Ami now Ihe Ji«« inU'i-milliil. llulr nnllirt-
for a wliil«i liitt ivliiii Ihiy ol.'.irvtil thi; Ko-
niini il(»|i<'r»i'il all iibnKi<l iit tliiir'.Horhi., and
In thrir nevtriil r:iHi|)«, flWr llii-y thoiiKhl lli«
J. WH liml rttir.'il oiil" of wrarinrm ami frur, Ihi')'
■II nt oncu luadc a milly at the lower Hippicun,
IhroiiKb anob»rur<; #ate. ami at Ihn laine time
bMiiKlit fir« H) bnr.ii lliii works, .wi.l'wgnt bnlilly
up lo Ihe noliiiiiK, ami ft. Iliijltvrry forrniciilio(i»
lhini«;lvtf, i^buri, at the rry tlil'V Hiail.', thine
that were nrniT ffifiii ."nm.; picniiilfy to, Ibi'irai
jnl.im-i-, iiiiil (hitsr f«rth.ri.rtc""H' running after
thi in rami lifru th? boMiii-** of lhe>w» WU4 too
li ar il fu r tht n'Ooil orilir nf thr R i inii i iu ; niiil n «
lh» »nrmy, whin h« hiinwlf «l»w Iw.Ur ..f
lhoti» that wir* in the fnnfmnl of Ihi' J«-««(
whi.h ilrath of Ibna ni»«, wbiillha rul of Iha
nialliliiila iaw, Ihry Kam way, ami hi' piirauci
lhi.Mi, ami iImvi' Ih. Ml all lal.i Ihr illy I •'avcii
the w.irkt from the llrr. Now, il haii|Hn.'.l al
Ihil Itgkt, that ■ rrrtam h<w waa lakett ahv»,
who, liy Tiln»'« iiril.r, waa enii'iltiil li»fiir» lha
Will, tntn. whilhrr the r»«l (iflbeni w-iubl Ihi
alCriKli'"'- *"■'"''"'" "'''"'""''M'"'"*)' ""' "'*
(arthe Jt«k*Miri riliriil, Jnhn,' »»b>i wn« foin-
iiian.ler of lli* I'lnnieniit, Hml ti^ii* liilkltig In a
I'erlatii wililiir of hii a.<|iiaii|rHnr<' Iwl.ira Iht
wall. wa« Wiiumli.l hi a i(ar(,'«linl al hnii by nn
Ai'iiltlMi. ami ilint ihiii.i'.ill'iiu l» , I. itiiiia; lli«
liniili'il liiiiifiil.»litin 1.1 •rill' Jiti«, ami »niiow lo
r,- ami ui m.... Ihe »trlilliiH«. J'l.r |H' WHa a niiin nf K-rt al i inl-
Ai-i()i-iVni(ilv, »t- I lt*il)ce. ImiIIi. ifor IVU itelion* ami hu euiMliirl »l«o.
CIIAI*. Vlt.
..„„ ,, .... r$ tfeltd *j Iht Hjimuiu
/tttJi'WH !•/ lit own ananl; ttttil /."te /*» Ho- •
niaitki iiflirtrriiil SIntitfhh f hdiUKHi mii.lr.ifal
piuMtisunniflHiJtiil »«//. //■"' nh'iTittit
ni.Wr /il> .//<«•'."' "I""* ''" »"■""'' ".'"j. "t*
a/iufinitfrKi'iff iMHgtHuiIhe lihiuitn.anttCM-
tur Iht Jtuii,
i 1. Nil* on Ihr netl niicht, a Kurppwiiiif ili*>
turlian.'e II II ii|)nM the KoiiiaHiii fur when *» 'tt'
till hail ifiirn nrilem for flii' iri'li'm iil thWa
|nw«r» of fifty mliil* binh, ihnt by !.»lliiiK nun
up.>n till III at 1 very liiiiik, be iiiinhf tr..m l|ii lira
ilrive ih.w away nbu were upon th» wall, it •<»
bappintil lli.il uiie of tin m' lowera fiU iloWB
nlioul iiii.liiicbl ; anil 111 lt» fill nimle a very Xrekt
n.rne, f. ill' fell ii(»Hi Ibe army, ami liny, •appoa-
inj; lliiil the I iieiiiy Hn» iiiiiiiiiK In alliiik Uuni,
ran all I'l llnir i.il.i*. Win r. o|hiu a<liilurbiiin»
ami iitiiiHiilt (irn..- Iimnnif ihe l.nioii-.Miiil a» no-
liiMlv loulil II II what bill! bapi'rtue.l, lli.y w. nt
oil "iifl.r a ili»cnii«.'la|e iiiiiniM r ; ami •ninif lUI
enemy npp.tir, they were afnitilum' "f i.m.'ili'.''.
anil every om- tltimimteil of- bin mighlnir Uw
walehworil «ilb Rreat . arm itm iw, »• IhnUfh
the JeWii hail iiivaiUil llnir eiiinp. Aiiil iinw
they wcw! lik.' irtophi nii.lii! a p»nii' fear, till 'IV
Wn waa iiiforiiieil of hIihI 'fcul bappeiieil, iilK
gav« order* that all uliouhl hi' iinpiaint.'.l with |#
ami then, iboUKh'wilh i..,iii.'duriiully,tli.y (sot ^
cit'nr of llii!4li«lurl)lHiie thiy btiil been, uuiler.
U: ^o^♦ iheie Inwi m wj|f«i «iry'lif.iilil<*oiiH!
to rtiP Jewa, who nlherwiii««p])n»eil Ibe Uuipant
very roumgeoii«ly ; for Iher »liol attliein out ol
-their liRhH r ensi'm'a fimii •b"'i- t'lH i r*. iii llu-jr
dill uliu by ihoie thai Ihreivdrtrlii, and the ul-iliiM,
aiij tliO«e that UiJli(f »tune8. K..r m itli. ri'nuh!
the- Jewi reii.h thu».r thlll were on r tin lit, l>f
rin«on of'.llieir heiphl. jimtitwai not prui-tic»l.l«
to lake them, nor In oyirlunilhi'in, Ibev «ii» no
*i.riiu*e
they b< at lho«' Hhoin lliey ricst filltipoii.sotlii'y
pre«fed upon llioiie that W" le now eotieii to'
rctlier. i>o lhi« lijjht about the niaciiinis wa»
, ¥«ry hot, wliilt Ihe one i«(de tried hard tnscl llitni
on fire, and Ibv other side tii prcveiU it ; on both
•idea there ,wat u loiifuieil cry uinde, and uiiiriy
of thote in thu rorefroBt of the battle were (lain.
heavy, nor In set tiniii tin fi
ere covered with pliile« uf imn
lh<
Iftef
lirtd n ut of the nac
Il of the dart*, and dii
llfo
Innfter endeuv«| lo himli r the mipre««iun of
Ibeir raim, wMBi. hv eoiilinually beatiiig upon
the wall, did^Wimlfy prevail against it; »n that
Ibe wall alrip Rave way In the Nicer, for bj
Jhal'naiiie did tlie Jew«th. iiw Iv.sridltlie priat.
.nt of their enB'iH*. brcaose it roimmreil 8«
lhinB». And, now, they were fur o long wUHo
(mi*n waary nf
aail w. ririiirri
at a ilMla^ii'. If
a''. .MIHta alatl III
Mu.iu* tn K>i'inl
thai, two "ilivr I
thiy 'niiiK •l>>lh
her a ill i.in. .rl.
luaiiy icrtw Itly i
niniiiit. .1 iIh' lrr»i
ami all Ihe Ji w>
rtlrealv.t In the
gntleit niir Ibal
rrlneil all I In an
K.'UIHH* ||l| p<M<
Alieeiilh day >! I
day ul Ibe ni.all
(Uim.li'h. ! II II rt
of Ihe /titrlh. Ill I
cleliinli<li.i| ii|.<i I
:l. ,\ihI n>.w r
.iiy.at ih.M.ptiic<
Ih* AoyriiuK, h.
kirii* ( iilr.ii, Ii
Ma'li ol III. J.
brRau hi« iilliii k
(h. 111*1 I.I ' lllln •
ileftmli'il iJmI n
dill II fi'oui Ihe I
nnrlh. rii i Imi.i. i
Kiiiii^uK b. l.re
iin.l.r) uml Mii
ihar.- tin- r)>nl "
nionuiin III, mill 1
whi rr wall I >iu'
cu>. Ilnwiv.-r. I
that fri i|U. iitly u
ol' til.' Kill* «,'iiiiil
wheu liny hi r.
lhe\ w. r. II ili'ii
tkifl of III. K.ii
til. Ill Irniii llie I
them; tin lliiiii,
poHer. jiilll.il 111
thiir biililn. ••, ii
lllcy were In, iiii>
tU'(i)lT milijiit Mil
'*iiei>ura|(< il mill
Were tile if.niidi
them ill .1 ItllU t
wriiry ; but u^lif.
ami II. rp. timl n.i
tha tliiy lull;;; II
ei)|{.i|fi; menu 'li.i
the uikIiI ilM II I
ih.'V InKanln ll|t<
llielf HiiH'p.i.-i (
ami wli4 niiint
while III. Mil. Wi
tak.'ii, anil tli.' ol
Millie. U|aiii Ibeii
thiir arioi'ir liinj
Wktv Ij^iiily ul til
to; the Imlil.. .>
liuii w»i nlin V
ai)<t theriby j^njl
all, they iiiid a it
iiiou; aniT In 11
ev.ry ofti' of ilin
hi* j'nmuiiiml lilt
■elveit Hilli III. i
Koniaii'. Kii I'niiri
. crinipierMi;;, aad
coiiaIuiiI uiini. Ul
and the i<raii>li II
tvan nnu' lln ir r
wail pri M lit . u
ailpiareil u ii rii
Ca'sar.tViiH th.-rt
they dill, iiiiil iv;
. of nuch 1'** In-Im
who wan In reHi
-Mteemed an ad
sr
■J-
'/
I'
IKKiK V.-i€llAl». VII.
'X -*,
WnI wrri' riltfeit I'l IoiIk* (III l^i* hi|||iI tiiiir« w«Ht •>C|Imin ii|i|<i .iml l>i'hiiti> iiii'M nlHrrl^f
Rl It ili»liMt>> U'lin lh>> Mall li w « UN iiiliir I |(mii •IriH^-li Im ,iii»w> r II Atfl Hmw •• l^f-fvwt
KI'IIHIItia illai) DMa^lli l>)l IImiII I'I I>« XIIMf'
Mhiiu* I<> )(iiinl Idv Hrnll, Mtt ri< Ihiii|{i (">•■'■*
lltni, iwii iillivr firillli'iilKHia .till iii»»iiiiuit, khiI
lh<x '"iOK •I'>(I<ImI. >iiiiI*|Ii> ir ■>iiiii<il< ImtiiiK
hffkflll llMM«rUll nil >ltl >«| lahilla, ■>» H )(ri Hi
iHiinjr Knw !><} uiMt-ri tin >l I In h (Iiv II>»iii<ii>
Nliiiiiiti <l ill*' Iffini'h, MrlMir Nii'ii liml mmli oiii',
■All all IIm' Jih« till llti KMnfiliiiK llinl wiII,.h|ii|
rxtriulvct III III! •■<. Mill U'lll, III tli<i«r lliiil hitl
gniuit iiiirltiiil Hull iipmil Ihti k>'<<* ><<••' "'■
rrlwil nH III! limit nilliiH il An I iIiikiIiI tlx'
Kkiiixh* HI I |i<M<f«Miii III llii* Mr»t » ill.'nt lltf
liliti'iilli <la> 'il III! •11)11 , Willi II wi«< III! I II Hill
il*^ lit III!' iii'iiiili Arliiiiii>|ii«,. [Jiiir. \ illii II llii',t
(Uiiiiili'lii I .1 iiii.il |iHrt III II, iKHill .!• llii > ilid
of iIm' ^lurlliiiii {iiirif III Itii' Mil, ttliii liliiiil'lK III
JviikiIkIiiiI ii|,.,i II) Ci «iiu« liiiiiirrli
;l. .\iiil ihiH I'lliK |illi'li>il III* r:iiii|i williiii l)ii'
riiy, M ihr.i.|,bi5. »l»K:h ffiwfuUf.t iTm t*i.ii.|i .,r
Iht AMiriiuK. h.iiiiiK •iiinl u|i'iii M ihul l.i^ an
liir ii« ( olriii, liirt I'Mik iMii' I.I III mil »l llir rtiiil' IIh* omlil
rtn'li III III! Ji hi'' iliiilK. I|ii ilii II |iri>iiitl) I III II iiiiiiK iiiiilii I
brgau (lit iilt.ii k>, U|ii>ii hIiii II tin Ji Ha iliiiiliil | thi^ rniiM liiil
(hiiiiai It! • iiil'i •■iii'il Imiliia, mill iMiinxi iiii<l) I Ui|i Tiiii* inuk
ili'fi mini OmI n.ili) wliili John miil lii< l.iiliuii rmiii liurin, iia h
dill It liuiii Ihc liiiur 1)1' Aiiiiiiiiii, iiml limn ilm iIk ir i ii< iiiiii. I
niirlliifu I'lui.ii r hI iIii^ Ii iii|iIi' I l.iiiulil tin h ili hi r nii« iiiAi
Klllii:iH4 In I, II' till' HlilHlHlliiiU III MlU All V' I till li-rli' lijIlJlllU',
HlKliri uiiil Miihiii » iinii> ial>ii liiiik liir tin ir | ilm i. Ililliini
•lliiri' llii »! Ill .il gr.iiiiid lll.il Hiia Hiiir Jnlni a ( ri,r. , wliiii llnj
liionuiiii III, mill tiirinii.il il ik i.ir na |.i iliut i;fi(>' rnjiviil iin Imri
wliirr nralii H|i4 l.r.iimlil iiiUi llirlcHir llifi|M>| nml (hi n l)| •ImH
CU». Iliiwtvrr, III) Ji l«a lliiiiii lli|l)Hl a.illiia, iiikI mm ii
tilut rrii|uiii<l} uU'i, mill Ml IhhIm* h>tii iIh r, iml
1)1 tilt' null., 111111 till If Ciii!;lit till lll,iii:iii», iiHil
wlu^Ullii) iiiri jiurViii il kH iii|{,-itii r I" !'.i' null,
th*') HI ri l.< ill II ill lliiiar ligjita, n« Whiiiiiik tin
(kill III till KiiiiiiiiKi. Iliii n 111 II till') liiiiKlit
till III Iriiiii (111' iviilU, till) HiTi' Ion liiirij fur
thi'iii; till Itiiiii.iiK Ikiiik nil iiiiui;(iiI h\ tin Ir
IHimr, jiiiiiiil III tlii'ir akill, ti^ »i n lln .fr>v< In
Ibiir liiililiii ■•, ivliiili wua ii.iiiri'lii il lit iln ii u'r
thcjr wrri' In, ninl |l .it liiinliin ■• »liirli'i< nutnnil
lU'dfIr iiiilijili Miiiili I' nil.iinitii •; lint tMri iiKn
'*n('«uri>|(ril «iill II} rill' fi(i|ii' III ililitirnin'i , ii>
Wcrii tlu' it'nn)iH-i^i) tluifr liii|U'> ul •lilnlHinK
tlitiHi III aliiiU lane. ,Viir •iiil.Viilicj'ji.li 'f.\\>vi
Weiiry; Inil u'll;'i ka iiinl ligLtiiic^ li|Miif tin Huill,
■iiii 111 rjic tiiiil .,|I1m • nut in li.iilfi •, ti/ri' linn, iill
(Im H'ly liiii;;i H ir tti ii tliin' mi^» xilt iri.HtirUki-
tJllJiilj): nn iiu 'li.iltiirn ItitI Ihiiijiiil iii il-t'. Ami
the Hi^lit itM II Iniil inn. Ii niln tn piirt ltd lu, iivln n
th«'||- In iiHii In linlif in tlif iiivHimn ; ""> . »"•■ liiljlil
llw'll' tniH'|i.i.>i ,t ttitlniiil .liTH on liiilli •iiin.
•Hil ivTi* in.irii imri|.V llnin tJli: tlUV lu (IiChi,
till niK' v\'iiit lil'l'iiiil 11 -t till' Hiit\'>lniiii>.l In:
«l»>rt .^•nfl llii^t liiiH aimiiliNK III vrrity Iwf t^l* tM
wnttiMMil llntl IH K Mrini)( li hIv , it».| Whllf InMIi
iNiirtW'a Hirf Ihmwinit iKor il.Wu nl i-wli trfh»f.
l.iiiiKiiiiia, mil III lln ii|i|vlriiiii nri,' r, t»*|i«<l
mil iif till iiriiit lit llli llmnuna, kIkI l>K|iiil inln
lln »ir) liiliUl III till iirin; iil Ilir Um*\ «nil M
ihi» ilrajn rant •liiHiailti. ii|.iin' iliii MlUik.iw
>li'>« lt«u III llitir iiiiikMl ll»' urt.ttiat iiniriin*!
iini nf Oirin tl* airn' k in liit iiiuiiili iit In WM
liilHill|[ In lliralliliil, tin nllnr HK •Uih IiJT hlW
Hilli llial tir)i ilarl nliit II 111 ilnw mil ii tin IhkIt
.if till nihir. » 101 H I'll (ilir mil lino In.iii ihriuKn
Ilia •iilr, ii« III wii- riiuiiuiii uHil) Ir
H III II III Initl i|i>iia Ihi-. Iir llrvl
ntHI<lllf4ll>llll Hill a I illlallMl
mitiiiilKMl liliiiai II I'll Ilia tnlir. uikI hiiiiiv llirm
Ml II hIiii Hiri i^niliili'iiK nl KiiiniiiK lln tiki r«<
jiuiiiii.iii. Ami niiiv till JitVaHiri' lilKnih I rnrd
•) tttiiii'ljirjt •uairi'if Ifii iiiai Jti < n^mi iKi' Ru-
muii',tii|il Hirr i^itly tnlii'iliMK nlnnil «»ImI mU-
riiiiini* III, III iriroMKn
uHit) ir.iM^iini. iilul
'Villi iillrli|i.iii.ifth«
• lla|<li' ^lliilainlM
V' ' ;'!■
In lln III ; iinil ill iitli iIm If •«'<'in-
<> lliimiif Ml till' •iiiilii IliH*
bill nil) iiH« III Ibrir 1 nrnili'l.
in. I I aii'Mrf lli.'» liH'll •nlillrr*
II iia In Iniir lliriii ntirt'iiiii*
I- 111*'! aiiwl, llmt imnnaiilrral*
liit"-a, iinil lliiil till- iihini Nn*
lliiil iiii* jiiliii'il Willi Hmiil Clin-
ri' rinniiiiiiiiliil Ilia IIM H In iHkn
li||lit ttii ir 1 111 mil a, Ihiil llii'y
Irnni llifiii nl tin miHii' lliiin,
lIllHKtttll tu 111' trnl)r Vllllllfll
hkIiI iiiir nf hi< rnicinM
ijlii^ liriii
I Ami IMiiv T
II' l.niir.if I
in uliii'li 11 rirtijii i rsilry Jitv, wlinai' Hnnin ilriit
I laiur, liy' III mfliiiali, »iili iiiruihir* likivliini-
ai If, till- fl'al llllHK llill UtMiV U) rintnil uf lb*
iinlnr'. Tbiiiif nil n'lny niill for li wliilf, m is
Itri III ii'Hr, uiukr fiii'ir lirin<t|iliiiiit: Inil mtIicii
■ 111' loni r Mil* fniniki'li. tlii> ainai . iiml ^'iiilur
llill tliiH alri'lcll injl Ilia liiinil iia ii |m tjliniirr, wild
ralliil Inr I'.i aKr, uml liy Ilia toni niovril hit
Vinii|in-aiini, mi^l iH|i;;ifil of liiiii to Imti' uitrL'J
s;
M|«in llnni: mill Tiln.., in llir innorrm ) nl bii
hiiirt, lirlii'inni^ liiiii In In' in iiiviMat, niiil lii'i|iin|
llnit llir Jnia i[iil M^tv ri |>i lit, >lo|nn i) tin ivor!(
■\\\% nf till' liiilli riir^-T'ini,
;>liniit III till' In tili'ini I'a,
wliilr till niK' v\'iiii iil'iniil li •(
liikin, aiiil tin olln j- li »l tin- Ji\>'. i-IiohIiI. iiutki' NnW livi^ nl t'liillvH ili«»Vni<ili il
williri uikiK llnii- I'liiniia: li.itli anli^ ii'Imi liiy ill |ii'i'li H'IiiI in lii'j* for imnj, >vliil
nml' fnilMilt' llnni to
. ,. iiHil Inuli' Cn^lor «iiy
itli.ii tn Iiml a miml in aiit lii limi. Hi aniil, itmt
In tyiiuiil roHie iliitvn, il^ hi' ivmilil Itivi' him htv
rifchl litnnt (ir |ii» an iniit, 't'n nlmh 'I'itiW re-
l4|i ilr tl'iil I"' Willi i^tll iilriKi'il tvilli ainh liii
.lijrririralilr rninltiit, iniil itmilil In ttill |ili aaiil if
iittllu Ji («•, ttifulil In of hii HiiiKl, ami thai he
una rjiiiilt ly ^Hi> Itn li^i' "ii niilt In tin; city.
'■ ' ivilli hi>|i, niid
tin' rial irint
ViiHiliMiii, tli«t,tli<) ivilKliI nrvir hi'iiliVi's
ll.mnrtn^. t\hl)i^^it tviit in lliiir |iot<i'r loilii
lil:ilr of friilinni. Jiniy 'It llllr tl|i«r 'llirH
the
in a
thlirurniiir ilnrinx (In Hishl tiiHi',.iiii<l Ihi rilit
Wt'rv ii».iilt at till' ilrst ii|i).,.«riin!i' ni liglil lii Vx
to tht' liaiili. .Notv, aiiDnn iIh J( tva. tin miihr'-
tiuM iv»« hIio sdnnlil nmlii'Kn tin lir'l ilaiiu'irf i|"imriilliMB fnru li'Ki); tsliili'i llii' allark tva* Jv-
lil|<l Ihiri'li) j;n«ify Ihiir rmninaniU'r*. ^Vt'n.t^; I''**"'''' '■'»"*'"'•<'*• "I '•'*" ''""''•'i "J"' lulil h'.Bl
all, thry' Mfl a itnat ii-nrrniimi iniit ilnail nf )% that ttiit iniiflil Ink*- •nnif 111^1-' for rontiiUiiltnii
liiou; iiml to tkal lU <^ri i- ttaii lir ri-g iril.il liy ali.nil ti'liut wan iij lir iln«i', l»'<au«« hi' Wnulfl
»yi:ry ofti' nf iliiMf itiat. tvi ri' nii.lir liini, lli;it lit i lin^r tin; jwtvi'r nf Ihi .Hiniim»« for a fniniliTB-
tiu)'iiniui:iii(l ilit-ytviri' ti'iit rtail) III kill tlnni- ' ...
aHfi'i mill 111. ir mm Inin'la, VVIial niadi tin-
Roinani an i-oiira',-i nii* tva> tlnyr llr.tuiLrH'itinii Of
comiiirrin;;, tun! ili«ii«i. nl In I us irtl'iatnl^ their
coiiAlant warn, anil {(rr|;i lu.il ivarlikc i'\iri'i»i,.<,
and tlir uranliiii' nf tin ir ilomini.'ii. auU ivliat
Ih.
i.liii f
wail [in ri ut itirtHlnn ttiih itnni all;
llir tiiiu', Aliil ut till' nmnr- linli' ttiat hi' .Air.t
tlma li) liini, hi- n|i)nii|'til n|irulv l.ii'xhorl llinsp
that VvifO'iitminali' fii ai i'r]ll. Tif 'j'ilii*'* hami fur
thi'jr « Tiiriilj ; hul llirt iiniiii:il ifi-ry-mii{r/ ut
it, ami liraiuliiilii'it llnirn iki il KiyoriN n|ioi'i tllii
lirra»twnrk«, uuii »lriiil, tin niiii'lti a n|imi llii'ir
1 nniit, i-vfiK, who tin a-t<, ami fill ilinmaa if lliry hail In ( n 'iiliin.
aiiinariila li nii.lc tlnn^ to u'l "" iiinrv
(.iMll tv Ih t'n II. iii.l iou;:>il hi III It ai it
II.
rrmiQII lltlla. an
1 til.
llil
"t
I'.nilljiliini. Hirr uiintt-
at III* I'unrH^i- nl Ihr mt'ir. Iiiirla* liii.'V tVfre
II an ivit llill In kit 1 \,ii lit ttlnitt«ia iliiiii . |hc y »il>
ttify (Inl. ami tt i> liiiii' |l it om i in t \i it itn Ch nun I lit tin ir )jn (I Inrliin ii', tiinl |iiliiil t1i« ir i u-
ufautll ». In liati il till in>i 111 H t ill inllt . .mil h< liiiiitt l>nriiii> itli- inti rtal. a 1 1 it iin |n linn nbnt
who wmi III r< Haul till III aUn |l n la In 4iilt », a ihirt nt ("nator, ami tvonmit it luiii in liii iioic,
•iteeuicd an aiivKiitagi nt tircitnt tu Imvc uny i ivbcrcapon he preavulty pulled out ttie dart* ami
\)
x:
536 :
fhowcd it to Titui,'>
WARS OF THE JEWS.
(1 domplujiieirthiit thU war
UDfair Irriniiiriit. i sVOfcuir n'ljriivrd liiiii lliut
■ ibot-the'iltrt', and nenKJiMcphiu, who thrn •Irtod
by ~liini, to i^ive bin rilht band tu Cantor. Hut
Juf.phui laid tbut bt'Vroubl not go to him, h<'-
/ caunc tituiii prrltmli'd pvtitioneri jneaiit nolhinK
Ibut wns|;<md; lie also rc'itraiMcd Ihux^ IriLiuCi
oNiii wl>o wcrn ztaloui to i;n lu bini. Rut Mtill
there Wm one jGncai,' a diicrler, who kaid be
would go to bini. Cattor also called to tlirni,
.that •oiiiobiidv ^»bpulil come' and rtceivc the
in6irey whi<<b V bad with him; this made itlnias
tlie more earnestly tj> run to liim witb his bosom
open. Then did Castor lake up a ijjrent stone,
and tbVcw i( nt bim which missed'Tiiin b»'cnu<ie
be guarded bimseiragaiiist it, but still it wound-
ed unother ioblierthat wnsrpminf; to biin. W.hen
Cfcsair understood y^)at this .Was a delusion, be
'prrctiiuiil' that mercy in war is. a pernicious
tbiiig, lieeiiuse such- cunuiu); tricks have less
{dace under the exercise of (jienter severity. So
le cau»ed\tbe engine to work hiore ttrongfyitJiaii
• before^ oniaccount of his anger at the titceit put
. upon him. Buf Castor and hi* c6iH|)aiiioii» set
the tower oirfire wCen it be(i:au to give w»v, and
.leaped through the flajno into a Kiddl* vault that
was under it, whicb made the Komans further
suppose that they were men of ^reat courage,
ai having cast themselves into the brc.
cnAi'. viii: •
f ».
How tht.Romani took the second Wall twice, and
got reaJij for- taking Iht third Wall.
SI. K'OW Ca!»ar took }hfs ivull there on the
■"fifth day "after he had taken the firi-t: and vyiieii
the Jews bad lied from bim, be entered into it with
a thousand armed uieq, and those of hi.* <'hoife
troops, and this at a place where were the mi r-
c'hanta of wool, the braiiers, and the market for
cloth, and where the narrow street^ led obli<|ucly
to the will. -Wbtre/ore if Titus had either demo'
. lished a larger pari of the wulf Ibimcdiately, or
bad come in, and, aCCorilin^ to the law of ,wiir,
had liiid waste wH'at was Iclt, bis victory would
not, I suppose, have been mixed with any loss
to biniselt. ^ Hilt now, put of tKc hope behnJi lliu^
he should make the jcwi^astiamed of their ob-
itinacy, by not being willing, when he was able.
to afflict theni more tfian he needed to do,he
• did not widen the breiicb of the widi, in order
• to' make a safcf" retreat' U|)oij occasion ; for he
• did not think they would lay sniires for those tliiU
did them tuch a kindne'.". VVIien' thcreCorirhe"
came in, be did nut. permit ffi-Soldieri to kill any
of tbowf they cnught, nof to set fire to their,
■bouses neither: nay, be gave leave to the seili-
iious, if,they httda iidnrl; la light without any
harm to Iti* people, and promiied- t« restore the-
peoglc's reflects t8 them' ; for.. he..,\v;i8 very desi-
" rpus- to preserve.thc city for his o\vn fake, niid-
the temple for the sake of the city. ■■ As to t4ie
'. people, he liuU them'of a' Iniig tlnVe' rend^- It) coin.
ply with his ^proposal*; "bul as 10 the fighting.
■men, Ibis fivmaiiify of.liis seeiiied a" mark of'*is
weak/iess, and ibejr.ii.nagined. that he made lh<«ie
■ proposals because he was' not able (b lake the
rest of the city. They'alsothrj'alened death to
- thp people ff tbw Should any one "of them siiji a
word about'a surrender, 'I'liey moreover I'ut the
throats of such as talked of ii*pe!ic«-, and then nl-
. tacked those .Komans that were ronie w»itliiii Ibe
~ wnll. "Spnie of theiitlhey met in the nSTrbw
streets, and soiiie Ihey fonirht ii-ciiliisl fpMii their
/ hijuses, while' tlieywiiilea suilden snily
the upper gates, and assuulteil such
^ Were oeyi
*-wall were „ . .
froin' their lowers, and retireil to tlnir several
iCamns. t'pon which a (jrcat noise «v:!s made by
■ , the Kotnans that were wilhin, bec^ise Ibej- w-erc
encompassed roumi on every side by llieir ene-
OU,t III
Hoiiiaiis as
the city. Thus did the Jews grow more nume-
rous perpetually, and had great advanl^iges; ovef
the niiiiiaiis by their full knowledge iiftjiose nar>
rgw luni'i;'and they wounded a great liiiiny of
Iheni', and fell upon tlieni, uiul drove Ihem out
of the city. ISow tbese Komans were at pre-
sent forced to iiiake the best " re«i»lhnce, ibey
could, ^r they were not able in great nundicrs
lo get out at the breach in the wall, it was so .
mirroiy. It It also probable that al| tho«« that
were gotten within had been cut to piiris if
Tillis nail not sent Ihem succors: for fie ordered
the archers to stand at the upper ends of Ihcsn
narrower lanes, and stood himself wlieie Wat
the greatest niu|lituile of bis enemies, miil with
his darls he iiul a slop lo. tlirin; as witb hiiii did
Do.niitius Sabiiius also, a valiant man, and one
that in fids battle appeared so lo be, 'I'hus did
L'u'sar continue to sliool darts at. the Jews con-
tinually, to hinder Ihem from coming upon hit
men, and this until all hit sobtiers bad rtlVeaUd
out of the city. '
2. And thus wcri ihe Romans driven out, after
they bad pssstssed themselves of,nir sieonif
wall. Whereupon the fighting men Hint Here
in the city were lifted up in their minds, and
were elevated upon this their good success, and
began to think that the Komans would never
venture to come into the cily any more; and
that, if lliev kept Hil'hiii it tliemsehes. Ibejr
should not be any more coiiciUered; lortlod bad
blinded (heir, miiids lor Ihe Iruiisgressions tlioy ,
iiad bieii guilty of, nor couhl tlify sec how much
greiiWr loices the Kollians hud than those that
Were now expelled, no liiore .than tlity could
.liscern bow a luniiiie was creeping upon tliem;
for hitherto Ihey bad fid tbeinselves uut of the
public miseries, and d lank the blood of the city.
Tint now iKiVerly Imd for a long lime seiteil upon
the better part, and a great many had died al-
ready for Want of necessaries, althoiijjii. the sc-
ilitious intteed supposed Ihe il< ^tiui*lion id'liie
people to' be an,iasem<nl to tin him hi-: ( ir
they desired that none otiiera blight be jir. -i iv-
i-d 1)i!l siicli as were against a peace uilli the
Komans^'and >fere reSolied to live in oppo.iiion
to iheni, iinil tiiey were pleased whi n the iiiulli-
tude of those ol' a con'rary opinion were con-
sumed, as bring llieii freed frmn a beSvy bur-
den. And tills was their (Usposilion of mind
with regard tu tliose that were within llie cilV,
while tbev covered tlieiiisi Ives with llieir ar-
hior, and pr,event('d the Komans when Ihey were
trying lo gi t iiity the cin again, and niiiile a wall
ol their own Iwilies over ir}';iin«t that p:lrt ofthc
W:dl that was Ci^st doieii. '("hin did Uiey valiant-
•h- defend theniselven tiir tjiree days; but on the
I'ourth day they could iiol .supporf Iheinserveii
against -the velieineni assaults ot Tilu«,.l>iil were
CoiniM-lled by force Ir* lly wbilher they liai^ lied
before: so bequi<ll\ possessed biiiiselfagiiin of
that wall, and dcniolislieilitentirely. And when
be had put a f^Rr^isou into the lowers thai were
on the soiith parts of tin- lity, he <;oiitr4V<'d bow
he niight assaulf the Ibird wall.
.■ ";. CIIAI'. iS.
Ttlus, when the Jews ^rc "»t at all mollified hy
his Uaeiiig off the' Sftgc /or a u4ijle^-sit him-
stlfaifiiin lu iiriisfciili ihe same ; bitl soiin JC/j/^''
Juscpjiiis 16 discourse unlit his biihi Couiilryiiicii'.
aliotit I'cQce, * ■
5 1.' A UKS(H.IJTI0> was now takipti l)v;Tilus^O|
■■■ ■ ' ' " lind ■|)»,-*loff
ilbo i it. I ll
H
pr*
.*»-
refax the siege for a Jiltle ivh
the sediliiius an intiTviil for considerntloii
anif.'
mi-
nml the wall, till those that giiardld the. td'ef whether the <U nioli«liiiig of llieiii si
e so irtfrigbled, tlialthry haped dowii. wall would not mak' Iheiii q bllle inoriicoiiipli.
ant, or wbelher they were not ijofii'ewliiit afraid
of i)^ famine, liecausi' the spoils tliev liaij gotten
bv rapiiie would not be Vw.dicieiit foV Ihei^i long-,
so he made use of lli1*Mi)|iixation ui i»i>Ur to
r i p. - i s vhi s rtwn de s ign s . — Accord i ng l y , »i« t he
niits; "as filSo by. (hem ihiil ivre willioiit. . - , . . . . . ,
cause they Avere in fear of those that*weie left in nsuSl.ajpftuited time when he must dist^ibuje
•ubtiffenrc mpr
be gave orders
the nriny into li
my,ai)d tlu'n gi
pay. So Ihe m
ed the cii'^es wli
eii, and marclii
did the horteni
trappings. Tb
fore the cily "I
way; nor was
to llitus's own
as that sight.
north side of t
'and one might
ed at thi'ilij no
which was not
tudes: nay, n
upon the liardi
they saw all ll
Iher wiib llie
,, good order ofti
that Ibe sedit
lifiAds at that
conimilled agii
horrid that tin
. the KoiHans; I
torments must
ni5(go on in th
'■ it much better
to far over thei
. witb the guilty
with Ihe seditii
2. Thus did
bringinj; lliis
legions. Hut <
peai> .appeare
diviiUil his le(
botli at'tliu t
monuinent. jV
upper city at t
the tower of A
takenv it woul
V itself ;^o at eii
bankif, eacli b ):
wrdught at Jol
'. those that wer
lies ujxm tiien
- V while John's p
with Ihem, did
the tower of A
hard for^ie K
because they s
because they I
engines, for Ih
after another i
'i' about Ihem; fi
they had threi
the meant 'lltf'
for the Kolnau
Tittis, knbwiii
, . (^etl or destfi
• cejed eai'm stlj
tuVi-e the Jewi
miied good Cc
;K jjApd. being «e
"A^BbenlJy wore •
,s5i»»ffciu to turrc
»^ ,yfja<l|.«3ken,
■ Aj^aeftl9b»e|
Ia1figaa|<^- for
.: thcipeftualtot
3.\SpJnMpl
, tried to fiiilM
■ their dinf(t4
besougjlit .tbeii
. teiv'es, to spaj
,-T»nd i»ot tpbe
• foreignerMh^
— had no ri-ljlltr
truth
t lac
" ■ '. ^<f
for their iaCr
belonged tp t!
their uandi ol
,1
»./ 1
DOOK v.— CHAP. IX.
537
^^i.
•ubtidrilrc money lo the «fil(lin'« «ii» iiowcoiih'i
he gnvc iinUTH lhu< thi' i:tni%iiiiili'.i T» >tici(ilil |mt
«hf iinpy Hilii Imtllr ami) iil IIk f.ii'c <it ihc « ii«-
my, iihd'llM'ii ({ivc rmy Din- nl' Ihi' »<>lcliiT» thfir
pay. S(t (he KililttTii. Mitur<liiiij tocininm.oni'li-
til Ihr ciimh whi ri in l>< Ion: llitir uriiit liiy riivtr-
c(i, iMiil imirchul with ihiir limntjilntii i>n, ua
dill (he liurx'ini n hail th< )r liiiri>i'« Ml thi'.ir Aiu:
irii|i|iiH^4. Tlun dill lliv plurvH thiit were i>i'-
fo^f lliu city uliiiii' very f|iliinliilly I'lir a preat
wav; nor iviiH llipic any (tiiiip cithrf mi fcrnti^rul
to 'I'Iiiik'h oHn iiit n, or ni. tiirildi' to the tniiny,
IS Ihiit KJJtIil. I'wrthr wIiiiIh nlil wnll, aiiil the
north aiilr <>)' (hr lrni|lli', wat lull ol' Mirctnt»rii,
and onr nii>rlit ki.)- the iioutiia full of »u<')i iia look-^
ed at thi'iiij nor wns there iiny part of the iny
which nii'i not Covered ovir with tlieir niulli-
tucU'n: niiv, a very prent lonnternation s<i/.id
upon the luirdiest iif the Jew* lhi-nui<lvi'», « hen-
they Kiiw all the army in the »iiiiie plaie, tope-
ther with the lineuefn of their amis, and the
good order of Ihtinuen. And lianmit hut think
that the heilitiiiUH wouhl have rhanj^nl their
MflAilii at that sipht, unlem the crimes they hiid
conunittid apnitilit the people had not heen so
horrid that tliey denpaired of forjrivenisHifnnii
the Kumans; liiit u» they helii ved death with
tormentii mutt lie theif'pnni^hiiii'nt, if they did
ni5t go on in the defvncc of the city, they thou^'ht
it much lietler to die in w'tir.- i'ateulio |ireviiili d
so far over them, that th* iu^ioceut were to pi liiili
•nch «i were hroiij^ht iipundrr fheni,nnd,if thfV
lie prurrvi il, "ill he the iiidy people that will
ri np the In in I'tt i,| tin in, hurry mi to have theiii -
destroyed. That certainjy they have nei n their
Btroiiifeit walln deiiiiilt«hed, nn(| flyit the w«Il
Ktillreinaiiiini; \va«nvea1>rr than those that were „
already tiUien. Thai thiy niu>t liiiinv (he Komin
power ««» invinlilih , and that they had. be«ir
u»iil to »rrve then'; for that in cajc ii_lie aUnwccI '
a right thiiip lo flplil for lilierty. thai ouRht lo
have heen do(ie nt tii»l; but f ir 'tlieni thai havB,
once falh n under the power of the lioiiianii, and
have now tnhmilted tii them fur 90 many long
year*, to pretend to i<hnke oD' that yoki° after-
ward, wa> tl)e work nflnuch a« had a liiiiiil to die
nii:>et:ahly, not of piuehVn were lovem of lilierly.
Ilesiileii, men may well eiimigh KfU'lK*^ <■' '"*'
<li»lionor of owni.'ig ignoblo nta>ti/ii over them,
but uupht not to do no to llioice'who have nil
thinsti under their commamU for what part of
the world in there thai hath eHCiiped thi' Kmivanii,
Hnb>H it be iiuch a* are of no u«e throuph violent
culdf And evident it in, that fortune jn oQ ill
hands pone over to them; and that tiod, whr*
he had pioie round flie nations with thin dominion,
isitiow isittled ill Italy. That, iimreovi r. it is a
striinp unil lixed laiv, even ainoiip brute bcafta,
as n< jias amonp men, to yield to tliose that are
too stroll^' lor llii'in; and to sull'er those to have
the dominion, who arc' too hard fur ihe rest in
war. Tor which reason it wa», that their fore-
ith the puiltv, ai(d the citv was to be ilestroyed J fatheri', who vvi re far silpt^rior to tlicni, both in
with the sidil'iouii that Were in it. jtheir ^luUiind lioiiies, and other advalitapes, did
2. Thus did the Romans spend four <lays in ' \et suhniit tothe Koinans, which-thiy would -not
iijpinp this subsistence money to the several ' liiivesuirered, had they not known that <io.d wai
with them. As fur llieiusel»e«, what can they
2.
briijpinj; - .
legions. Ifut on the (ifli|r da;^, whi 11 no sipns of with
pear*- appeared to come fr the .lews, 'I'itiis ' depe
(liviiUil liis lepioiis, and l)i};aii to riusi; liaiik
both at' the toWer pf Anionia. and at John'*
monument. ]\ow, his desipm were to lake the
upper city at that monument, .and the tempje at
the iowcr of Antonia; fur if the leiiiph' wire rtut.
tkkeiiy it would be dadperoijs to ktepthe city
V iwilf ;^o at each o^ thc^e- parts hi' raised him
liaiiks, each lepion rai»iii;.f one. .\« tor those that
wrdupht at John's miiUMment, Ihi' [duiiieaii'.jiiid
'. those that were in arms with Simon, ninile tal-
lies u)i<m tiiein, and put some sto|> to them;
- 'while John's party ."iiiKl.the iiiu|lilude iif jeiilots'
with Iheni, did tlie like lo those that Were birfore
ihe tower qf Antouia. 'I'hese Jews were now loo
lid
'on in thii^ilieir oppii>ltiiiii, when
..*-.,', I. ?-T_ .,:... -..; ..1- 1.. «..!
the
greatest part of their City is already taken l>and
wheii those that are witiiin it arf under prrfilpr
miseries than if they were taken, although tlleir
walls be still slartdinpF For that the iJuinansHre
nut uuaci|n;(iiil< d with -that faioiiie whii h is ill
till' -lily, whereby the peyple- are already con-
suiiied, and tlii. fighting men will In a little time
lie so too< for allhouph the Humans should leave
olf the sie>fe, and Hot fall upon the city with
their sWorils in tlieir haiiils.'yel was there an in-
stipcrable war that beset them within; anil wa»
aiigiiiented every hoiij'.'nuli'ss they ivire aide to
W,i;;e war with fnuijiie, and fmhl against it, or
I'oiddalunecunfjuerthi irnniuralnp|H'iitt's."> lie
added this Inrther, " Mow right a ihinp it was to
i'haii;;e their ^conilnrt, before ihe.ir caiainiti<%s
hard for^ie Komatti., not onlv in ilirect fighting,
because thev stood uponojihe higher ground, but
bci-au«c they had ii4w learned to use thiiir own ' were become incurable, and to have recourse to
engines, for their conlinuijl use of tlU'in jiiic dav sm'h advice as might pr^'urve ihini, while op-
after another did by degfees huprove their ...sfcill porluiiity was oflered them forSb doing, Kor
'1' about them; for of one sort of t^iigiites fiir darts .that the Koninns would not be ininilfgl of their
they had three hundred, and forty fur stones, by - past actions, to their disiiVlvinJlajfe, unlissthey
the meaiis'llifwliich they made it. mure ledious persevered in their insolent behavior l« .the
for the Roman* to raise their banks. But then end; because (hey were naturally inilil in their
Tittis, knowing, that the ci(v would br'eitherconqne.sls, and preferred what was protitable,
•Avetl or destroyed for himself, did not only pro- before what their passions dii-talilf' to ^liem ;
ce?d earnestly in the, siege, but did net omit to whiifh prolit of theirs fay not in having the city
biV»'c the Jew's exhorted to repentntice; so h*! cnipU- of'inhubitants, iio'r the i'uunlry dest'rl;on.
miied good eounsel with his works for the siejfi. ' whti-h ui'couhtCiesnrdid now oiler thjiui hi-right
', ,iAn<l, "being iensible that exhOrtiltions are fr^.- hfind for their'security. Whereiis, if lielook the
'.' ' ;'.i.' .._.-- _«._..-....! .1 . __..^. -u^ ..-.u i.,1 ..;*.. 1... r .....J. i..^.......I;i »,v« ............ ..r f I artil ''
:se.
theTpe^iTaitoiyvf.a countryman' of their dvvn. '. 1 though their forti(jcations should prove t'jistrong
3.' So JoMphus wentd'ound about the wall,'and fur th«t Rbniiinsto break thwTugh therii.yejvwoiflt}
tried to fiAlfio place that was odt nf the reach of : the famine, fii'hl for the Kuiiians a^aiii-t I Unit.''
• their diinrJ^T%ivii.jiet within their hcariiTg;- and ' ^i. While Josepliiis was making llri^ < ihorta-
besoupit ,'liiciu in'j|ua|y words, "To spare them- ' lion to the Jews,. many of thelii jested ii^ioii him
ielves, to sna^e |hieir cotii)iry, aitd their temple, from thevvall, n(;d nii'iny reproached him ; ijar,
. luid not tp be more bbdu^te in tliese cases than 1 soiue threw their<«{iirl/ at him: lint \fhen n«;
'ihemjelves: fo)l; that the. Romans, who icodld iiot Jiininlf persuade themj'hy ^I'-li open
histories
forei)5ner»th«nijt....„. .... .« ,. - „.,.._ „ ,.. , ._ -,.,
had no rrlntton to (tjiise things, bad n jfyerence poiid advicf, he betook himself.
■i
:■•!
I
and cried, out
for-thcir l-icred rite* ami places, aUhoiigh they bclonginjf to their own nutiiin. ui
belonged tc their eneniie-, an-f had t'l' u'-w kept j -'O'"', "O i.iis.'ri.ble ireniuAs' nr _
their Lands oO from luidiiling with ttieiii, while luiadful of those tlut used to assist you, that jou
4111 SO un-
*<"
\ ."
V' \
;4*v6?8 ,V WARS (JFTIIE JEWS,
' ; .^iit ftkht^y/pur wfanooi nnd by your li«ntlt
' .^ !^ IfgkiiitT tliejluinHiul: VVIii'ii iliil we t'v«;r
- <]ut'r iiiry otlu:r. iiiilioii b) nucli tiituns? uiiil tvlitii
, ^tk. it, Uia( (luiliwho <> the Creutor uf llit Juw-
lab peu(>lc,,0i4 iioUavtiigc (bi'ni when ihAy Imd
' /. been iiyiircd f Will iiutyuu turn HKaiiii unci luuk
back, ami ,cbn>id«r will lice it is Itmt you (i^hi
• tvith such viuleucc, uiid liuw icreut u S4i|i|H)rlt'r
ygu liHve profailel)r iibuted? Will hot'yuu recall
to^iiiiud the p^ligjoUD tiiii»);ii done lor yuur fure-
(utlien mill lliil buly place, iiiid liuw |;i'e|it eiie-
' niii'8 uf yuun were by liiiii tulidued under yuul
(even tremble injiiell', in decli^riiig tlu' wurW uf
God bel'urv yuur ears that lire unworthy tu hear
theiii:i huwever,. hearken to me, that you iiiny
:lic iiilbriiicd.bow you light nut only uguiniit ths.
Itonians, but againit (iud hiaiseK. In old time
there nut one AecaOi king uf Kgjpti who was
. ' also called Uiiiraoh; h<^ cuiiie W'ith a prbibgioiis
amiy ui' soiTlilirs, and seited <^ueeu Hurijli, tht.'
mullier uf 'jur nation. Wliut did' Abrnhiini our
pru);eiiit(ir then.do'} Did he del'eiid himsell' I'runi
_* : jthia iiijurious person Ijy war, idlhuugli .he hud
three hundred andeighteeu ciipdiitis under him,
nndufi immense ariiiy under tach of them? (n-
dee.d^ ht; deemed them to be 11.0 nuniber at all
W'itliout (jod'sussistuiice, and only s^iread out his
hands towards this holy pluce,* which you have
now polluted, and reckuneit upon him us upon
his Jin\iiK;ible>suppo.rter, instead of his own army.
VViis not our queen sent back without any delile-
nieii^;,to her husband; the very next evening?
■ wlnle^the king ol' Egypt lied away, adoring this
^luce which you havi; defiled by shedding there-
in the*'bl(ind of your owii (:6uiitrvmen;Nind he
also treinbleil at (hose, visions which he saw in
V <the niglit-seiison, and bestowed both silver and
• ■ gold on the llebrewsr4w on n peoiile beloved by
God. Shall 1 say nothili);, or «liull 1 mention the
^ireiiHivul of ptjiriaiheTs into J-'.gypl, whol" whi'n
they vvere iwed tj'iannftiilly, and were liill^n iin-.
dei'tlH; pawer ot forcfgn. raiigi for four huntlred,
., ^ears (o];e,ther, and might Ruvu defended them-
, ^selves by war and bv flghtiiig. did y.et (fo nuthiiig
tiiii coininit themselves to (jod? Who is theru.
that dues not know that J''gy]U was overrun will}
> all sorts of wild beasts, and Consumed i)y all sorts
- a^Uislelnpefsl ho^'their land did not bring forth
its fruit .' how the Aile faileilof w;il«r71iowth«) ten
plagues of 'Egypt followed one upon another? and
j^ 4i6w by those iiieahs our fathers were sent awny
«|nd]>:r a giiard without any bloodshed, and with-
, out rUnninghny dangers-, because (iod conduct-'
cd,lhelu as his peculiar servants ! iMoreOver. did
not I'ulesliife groan Under iTiC ravage the Assy-
,fW^ I 4M»d|^, «\hen they wrriecUaway Bur sacred
V ; 4fkl^uji mir^heir id(Jl 1/ag.uii, and lis alsp^lid
■" ihatehtiitffijilLon^f tyosffiTiat carried it avyayi
how they werti ^nlitten wiHi n lpatlu«>ine distein-
-• per iii-'the sectii't parts bj theirbodiej, wii«ti their
ver.v bow tts c ame down together with what tiley
had e^U^lkill those 'hnild!^tha{«8tole if uway
' were; oU^ed to bring it- back again, aiiij that
,<'' " with the sbuitd of cymbals am) timbr^lsr and
"^ .Other oblations, iu order ao niipfease (he anger
nmr.-' of (iod £)i- the viiililtioti of His holy ark. ii w^,
Cii|d who theipbecanie our f!;e|][<^)Wrr< Ami nceiiitt-
,p^ished thtse great .ihiiig.s fftp fjpur fallie.pi,- »i«d
this be<}ause they iU(l not iii&ldle with wafc and
iW,; fighiiiij;, bu'.'ciiuiniitted if t« him to jiul^^e'about
t thjfir aJlims . ' WheH..'<tlijiach<nli, kitr^ of,As»J'
nra^tl Ji>riis»tvi^>^gi0tl'. hi'U'iiii'lj tn^tV Muiii'it Hk>il liitil
Mo1i!it Mpriu'ru<'<i)l'vv'lilcli tlhM^ireruiu'le and leiiipliriliil
kfivWi^il •itiiniH ami tills loffaeCtKc clihci' ilio Jiw-
toll tal«'rii(\pjp oflciniili' was liuMl. '~<(»r' is tlietwiiotis
_j : i.M..^.. 1.. J....I ._*^ii.J_i ._ 'j,- .._«_ -.„
puss«ld this cit}> round with hit iriny, did he fall
by the hiiuiisuf ntenf were not those hands hfled
up lo (iod in pruyers''r,wi(liout middling wjth
their arms, w'Jien the angel of (iod dkslroj ed that
Criidigious army in one iiigh't? Hvhen the Assyriiin.
iiig, as he arose- the next day, liiuiid a hundred
foili'sciire and Ike thousand ^dead bodies, and
wheff he, with Ihe rcinaimier 6f his army, lied
li'wpy from th« llebrcwi, though '"tliey were un-
armed, and did not pursue (henr! V«i(i are also
a'ciiuHinted with (he llut'erv we werenit^'cr at
Katijlou, where the peOplu Were captives for
seventy 'years; yet weru they not delivered into
freedom again, before God, nw^e. Cyrus liis gra-"
clous instrulireiit in bringing it n'Bota^ accordiilg-
ly they were «;t free bk bnii, and (nd again k-
slore Ihe worship; of their deliverer at his ti^ni- '
))le. Ami. to speak in general, we can produce
no Cxuuiplc whe;'ein our fathers got any success -
by war, ot lai|ed of success' wlien (Without war
tlie^. coiiiiiiittl'd themselves' to God. When'they .
staid lit lioiuc they conquered, as pleased ^heir
jydge, but when" they went out to light, tliey
were jdtvuys disapiHiinted; ' for I'Xuiii^ile, when
the king of Hidi} Ion besieged this very city, and
i onr tiiiig Zedekiah fought against hin1,fon(rary
I to H'hiit.predi):Uons were made tJ» hiiii bv iere- ■
r ndlili the. prophet, he was at once taken prisoner,',
i and saw <the city and (he temple deiiiolished.
Yet hfiw much greater wan the iiioderatipn 6t
! that king, than istl)a| of your present gov*;rn'ort,
( and |Hut of the people then, under biin, than is-"
^ that of you at this time? for .Ahen jelremiah
, cried out aloud, how very angry (lOd was at them
' bei;uusc of their, trjiasgressioji. And told iherii
i they should be taken prisoners'unless they w6'ulil .
surrrn<|ler up (jielr city, nein^ did theking nor
the pobpic .put h'nu io death) but for you, (to
! pass over what yon have (lone ^ithia the city,
.which I am (lot able to describe' o.s your wickud-
j.neiis deserves,) you abuse nie', and throw dart*
at iiie, wlio oiilyexhurt ypuWo/ save youfsefve*,
; as bei^ng provoked, when you.are put in mind pf
vpur sins, and cannot bi'arthe very mention of
; those crimes- which you every day perpetrate.
I'n'r nnothoV example, wheuf Ant'ocniis, who was
I calli^t Epliiptianes,. I.'iy before this dty,. and had
I been guilty of niaiiy indignities against God^Util
[ our forefail^crs niet birti m arms,, they thenirare
I slain ill the battle, the. city was plundered B^iir
I eiwiuies, and our sanctUiiries miide desolate ^r
I three years aiufsi^ months. Ahdwhatneed I bring .
I nny more examples.' Indeed, what'raii i.tbulhat '
■'I hath siirreiL up-^iii army of the Koiixins againit
i|, our nation ?^ Is'it jiut the iinpietr'of the inhabit?
I ants'l, WiiCnce. didt our servitude' coiniiienc^? ]
Wuiit not (ti^rlved- from Uie.iSeditiona that were
! amo*g our /orefalhers, when the i)<adncss of '
I'Afistobu^na and Hyrcanus. and Our mutual quai;-
1 rels brought* I'ompey upon this city, and;wben
(iod K'lluccd those under subjection to the Ho- .
mans, wlto- vveri.' unworth^ of the liberty thfcy"
"had enjoyed'? .A.fter a siege.'itherefpre, p/,thfee
I niontlft, they we|;e fprcetf to aurreniler theinr ,
' selves, aKhoi^h tney had Dot beeii guilty of lucb' '
i (iflenccs witlf rjg.-ird lo (jur innctmnry jind'oW; '
."lu^S, nsypi^hiJviOi laid.tlfis vfhile tliey had nVu<h' 1
•'rfaW'fijjIi'aiilagCT tp. Kf'Jio war tha« yqvfciJiBve-. r,
po iiot wo know what <%{A Antigonus, tnc^iij'n of •
'^rt^loi)llta8, cflriic, to, iinder vyhuse riign G9d
«rwrjd«jdthat°thi8cjly sliothdbr tt'k<;niig?>inupoa
V|;?Q^nt ufthe'peDptt:'s offence's? /jiVhen 'Herod, .
iin f lie ni(>(ii»ovj\1j jwrt of Sjrlii»j|s*J»r<aiM; which !!«%,
Jninlolisjcrvestts jviial vy^iisfolliniiiit among the anejew ,
-wrIiMs. ■ N'iiic also, Hiai .Jp»e|itnii« iiil|!lir<wel4^ut lli*.^
Jpws;iii liiitid, (IS liCdoes iKifi* ilioro tlinn 0(^}-Ci oJfttit(f '
woni^crfnl a(id ; ifiily Jiiira#«loii«' delivei-aflrft (t«M»
tScnnarln^rih KtrfR et .^styria, Whllethe Itopiinlt^rniy. I
and liim^rf *vit>t ihem; witK ii/lw enranitoid npon
■'■ ^:
f. ' ■■ ■'
the ion of Antip
■nd ifosius br^iug
^they iven' then
'in months, till, ■
they were taken. 1
the enemy. Thu
neV«f given to on
way.1 given tip ti]
taken; for-1 sup)
boty place ought
iJiiiigii to Gud, ■!
■uislailce of men,
up ro their Arbitr
wnat have you du
coniutenileil by o
you not done of
denined? How
than those which
have not avoideil.'i
usually done in'si
cheTOHSjJiits amii
. -«te qiiaWJIng' nb
■ invejt striiiilce vV
tentple itSfJt is be
tGisdivine place ii
of our.Ojvn cii^iil
reverenced J>y V>i
tance'.fmm theiiif
of)their oWta rust
And,aflerWl.tl|is
have BO iiiipiouslj
To bo sure tlienj
t^, and to call)]
are your handj^l
uptuch hands M |
.of Asstrin-wben
inonifnight/ Ai
wickedness, ai) di(
may have reasnii
upon them? Did
from dill'' king on
nnl destroy llieoi
he had taken, hm
wliile tint Koniant
accusloined- tribu
their fathers; anc
that, they neither
touch this snnctv
' besides, tliot you
your possessions
'. S«rv« your holy In
plain madncss'to 1
■s well dis|K)Seil (
ihe righteous; iini
toptiiiisli men ft
cordingly iie bra)
the very first tiigfi
Wherefore, tiaiT I
" wiJrthy ot.ij'reedp
tu^nt. h^' ha'd im
upon {.hV^Jtohiai
wn«6y'iomp4y bej
■'■^'twhciii after liiu
' Wfen "Vespasinir
'• wh);n Titus caihe-
itt^h MaEiiiiS' I
. nothin)^ bu^toqfc.
sian go from <h* \
ceiyc tlif etnpi'e;
tltat wtre totuikT\
" were un(lcr."vonr
m(||^e -fiUntififll/
inetjt yrtii Jnfow,
~ oilier tprings tliat
-fur fail,- that wfttci
-TWJjereas they Mo^
'',: water foe j-oui: e
; liir drijifc both ;£
*Tliti
when, iMj! iVftii WM
- 'wJieii iheenmnjes o
.to tha-.ilays or/edei
-"'"^ tve"* "elll
■ •!i^'-
: Ml
lllcil -
with
thikt
riiin,
ilrecl
and
lied
Uft-
alto
r u(
I for
into
gra. '"
lirtg-
I K-
ti;ni- '
duc«
;c«!M •
war
they ,
iheir
i^tey
vIk'H
, and
Irarjr
Ic'i*- ■
)ner, •
ihed.
n it
aon,
in i« '"
luiah
hem
ihtriii
bukl
[ nor
. (to
city,
liirtt
(ve»,
dpf
n of
rale. .
vim
had
l^rc
Wour
.fir ■
"■?'« ,
Ihat
nln^t
abit-
tlCJi,?
were ' ■
• of •
|uai;-
vben
Ho-
thfcy'
hfee ..
iehlr ,
luch' ■.^,
.' oor. "
fiu«;hi 'i: ^
lave; '»
!l»0f ■
Upd
ippa ■.
irod, .
Ii Bi|K,
cJeW ,
It III*.'-.
«lt*(f
fton* /,
tBif, fl
npon
e^Aih — — .
lined
llMit ■ ■
ict.-8,';;,
A BOOK* v.~dftAr. X.
>:)9
tb* ton of Anti|Mler, brought upon iit So>iM*> i
and ijoiiu't br-uught U|)Oii n* t)iu linmnn aritiy, i
^they tv«Fv then riicoinp^*»i;<i b'"' bctirf^ed fur
'•i« nioiitbi, till, ai u fiiiiiiii|iiiiriit fur rlieir ains, '
they wure taken. Md th<- city Vvii* pli^adereit by
the rpeuiy. Thuf it appeyii, that kmu #*r«.
neV«f ^iven to our n»tii>n; ,)ivit tbiii we ar^. al-
ways given up to be fuufritt »)riiiiitt. and t6 be
taken; fur-1 niippoM, tlial inch »» inha^t tfaii
boty plnce ought to commit Ibb dia^io^al of hH
ikiafpi to (jud. and 'then only to diareganl the
■uiataAce of men, wlien Oiey^eaigo themnelve*
up til their Arbitrator, who in abevft, Ai forypu.
what have you duiut of ^tlin«q iliingi that are re-
comulended by our legislator' and what'btfvi;
you not dune of ihone tliiHf;*' ftialbe bath con-
(ienine<IT How much inrfMI iiiipiiniu^ ate yOii
tlian those which Were •a^icWy tak«lt7~ YpQ
have not avoidc(l,'W ii1ucI|5m thowi una that are
nsUaUy dune m/»ccrel; I iii*«i» tliel')^, and trea-
vheTuuaj4iita asainul men, Hiitl ndiiltcriea. -You
.«te<|utmlliig'n^iit rapine* «nfl niurilerH'. anil
invent Htrnnjce »Vay« of wjckeiiiieaa. Nav, the
tttnple itacif ia bci^^me the rerrptiicli? i>f all,' <md
tHiti divine pince ir|^>lluleil by the nandaof thoae
of our.Ojvii i'ii|^utry,\>vhich place ^latlt' yet been
revcrenci'd ^y V>e 'K»WiHia. when it wuii nt q dis-
tanr« rniiii tlveiii? when\they haveaulfcred ^niany ,
of»tlieir owtti cuatoniH td^give platre to oUr)law.
And) alter. wl-tliia, do yoU expert him whoiii you
have ao iiiipiuusly hbuxidifi'be your^^ujpjiorH'r?
To bo aurc tlieh yuu have aright tu,bCi|)^tion<'
e0. ami. to cull uiion ^iiii to aaaist you. |6 pure
ari»yuur irand<*^ uid your king [HeMkiajh! lift
uptiuch huiuiain nrnyer to GocFagiiinaftfin King
.of Asstrinwhcn he deiitri>ve(b that-great aritly
in anifnight / And do the KoinaiMVoui'xit »ur.n
wickedncaa, at did the king of A9»\ria, that yon
luay hiive reaanh to bone for the liHe vengeance
upon them'} Uid not Ina't king accept (>f money
fromdiii'' king on tfaianiiiditloji, flint he ahould
not destroy, llieoitytaivl yet, eouiriij-jr to tbe^oiith
he had taken, bn came iliiwrf to liiirii the (jpjiiple'?
while tlict Roiiiana doVdeiimitil no more thnij that'
accustomed - Iributti, which our father*- |)atd to
their falhera; and if thcy may bttt.onr« obtain
that, they neither al|»i to destroy tliia rity, nor to
lotich tliia sanctuary: nnvi they will grant you
' besidea, that your \>69trrity< ahull lie free, and
your piiixie!iaiu'ii» aecDVed tt> you, ai;id will pre-
•. serve your holy lawa inviolate, to ydu. Anil it is
plain madnCKs'to expect thai jOoirshbuld. AppeAr
as well diaposed towards the wicked as>'t6warda
the riglitco'usv aince.hc knows .tvhen it Is proper
tO:ptiiii»li men far ih^r ains iQinicdiate|y: ac-
cordingly iie brajfe the power of the Aasyriana
the vti-y firat Jiigfil that tjiry iiftohedjlipir camp.
■Wherefore, tiajT he judgBa.MJBt our pation waa
" wtJrthy of^J'reedom, or^ie Hoiiiitjiji' ofkpuniab-
bl«iit, h^ ha'ii imliie>l)atl^y inlNctetrjiiimahment
upon ihi^Jtuniaaik,.aa he ilid'iip^tK«!'^«syriaiu,
Vrtlrty'iompiy liegaii'tu muddle WJtjtpur iiat'ion,
■' Mb't wfaVij after Irinv Sijahia came. Up agilthat ua, or
)V%en "i'eapaliian' laid' Waste (ja,lil(ie, W laaily,
••ww?n Titus came fintf of Hllne^.tu the'cit^;^!-''
' ^hlieltffh Ma^iiiia.nnifSoaiiia «(it| <kio|-.only siMcr
. .nbthinlL burtook.tlic cilv bv'foiie; aadid' Vcipa-
.: z^i--^...'ti.- ;..__ I... •....:.£..• :;-_.■._-••.;,._' .„ U^^
' were ,uncler.*K.onr powers .sjheaohe is
m<|)* j>l«ritrwil/th8B Ihe^ riij b^fiiB .
•rebL-yflS »rtow thi«)f:SiloHm.,M weJ^^a <1lt
:'.''(n;nie^!k^ringa tjiat were: without"'tiie cirf, ditl^jo
■fiir fall? that »vater.»v«^>Olill\<'di«(ii« ntevaurea-r
■^VJiertas they j«ol«;lM»ve a(icK.ft'>Kr«'Ht ()Map(;>ty of
,: water foe youi:. enemies, oa h a'uiVip.ientnqt only
br drink botbfv^ tbeinsielv«^r«tnl th«ir cMtle,
-■ . :; - "■■■■:,•'■'- V. :' >' ■• ,..;:"V.' '
♦Thferfrybii! ai>of tlie Icfiiyilom foiint.ifn of^foani.
w|ien,ti><}^^" wiuiicd it.niitljlls nnwincnimnilaniiy
' ■■■vdieiilheenBrnjesof ibft-^flWji Wa«rt>iHt,,ninl ihcfe linlli
-■ 411 tbe-dltya of Zeilekinli aivd ftf TiW#, UViU his last an a
•J t«^SItt-tvent well tiHWnl'yUtojiewa. at that tini?, q»
but for watering Ibrir gardens ii|«o, The aam?
wonderful sign \n\i |iud alao e'xnirience of for-
merly, wlirii the. luri Hieotioiied iiing of Babylon
ntaite Witt itcainat us. and when he look the Clty^
anil bilrntthe tiniplc; while yet' I believe the
Jews of that age wtrc ntit «u impious aa yOu are.
VVhere/oro I cannot but auppoHe tlini Ciofi is Htrl
out of nia suiictu.iry, ami atanila on th<> sale of
lliuae againal whuiu you light. Now even a man,
il*he be hut a grxxl ihhii, will fly fnjiii ml impure
houne. and willhate fhoie that are in it: and do
you persitlide yourselvea'thattiod will nliiiU'with
you 111 your inii|iiitiea, who aeea idl »<< rrl thipgSi
And heiirt what ia kept most privnle f Nuw what
crime is there, I prny you, (haC ,ii »<> murJi as
kept a sfcret ntnong youv or is cunrcaled by
you? ijay, wh«t is there th^it is not o|ien to your
yei'y «neinies I for you show your traH»gre«iiiont
afte/ a. pompous manner, anil contend one with
aiAtbef wbich of you abitll be more wicked than
another; and you make a public denionalration
of your iiijualice. as if it were virtue. However,
there ia a place left foryiftir preservation, if you
be witling ttf accept of it'; and tJod is easily re»
concil'ed to those that confess their faults, and
repent of them. 'O hard-hearted wretches a*
you arc! ca^t away all your arnisi and take pity
of your eoi^iitry, already going to ruin; return
I'roin your wicked waya, and have regard to the
exccH'enry of that city you are going to betray,
to that excelh.'nt temple, with the. donationa of
Roiiianycuuntrieir4rf.it. Who could bear i« be
the liri^t that sliuuld art that temple on firt'? who. .
could.be willing that thcae things should be no
more? and what is there that can better deserve
til be nre«erv<-d'.'0 insensible CTcaliires.itnd more
9t)i|iiu than are the stone.i ihemselve."'. And if
ynii cannot look at these things with diaccrninjg
eyes, yet, however, have pity u|>on your fami-
lies, and set before evetf one pf your tjyes your
fhiiklren, and .wivea, ami parents; who wiQ be
gnuluidly conjumiid either by lumineor by war, '
Lam feVisible that this danger will extend'tii niy
mother, and Wife, and to that fauijlv of mine
which, hath befTi by no means ignoble, anil in-
deed To one that hath beeu very eminent in old
tii|ic; and |>erha|M you may iniagine that it is on
their account only that Iltive you this advice: if
that be all, kill tlieini'iiu', take i^ny own iduod
aa a rew.ird, if it may buu^focure your preser-
vation; for I am ready to die, in case yuir
but return to a sound mind af\er my de'iil'
CHAP.'X.
"^
^
Horn agrtal many of the People eamestn
vored to detert to the Komitmr oM^o. i
toleiMe Things tliose that stayeifbtliind jri_
td hy famiiit.andlhe wad Coatequences Iherii^.
.J 1. As Josephiis was sfMiHkiiig thus 'with ■ ,^
loud voifte, the seilitioua would neither yield t6 ■ ■
what he said, nor did they deem it aiife for them
tA alter their-combict ; but ns for the people, they ...
had » grciit inclination to desert to the Koiuant:
nccordlnglv, tome of them sold ivhat they had,
and even thf^nost preciaiis things that had beeil
Ifhl «p as'lreftsurfca by tVi^nV, tor a veri^Hindlt
lUatteiv'Bnd si*alloW*d dow'ljt |»it'res of giffl that
■ they niight not UuJo'bnd outby the robbrra; iind
./^^
\*ltellthey cactipeii to the KoniBli«,''we(it In stoOU
aiici had , wherfwitbal td^fjirovide' pl^ntifully^for
themselves; fort-itus If t a great''hH«rbifi''6ft^env^ -.'
go away ;,imo (he "TBTJJtyf^'''""' ">^.v fi|eas«(f.
Ami th« niain r*n|i>n#wBy tliey were so ready
to dt^iilrt were thcBeythn* nfiw tni<y fhiiiilil be,
freed from" thJ)se,d|(l»eigS which tliij hoc) eh-,
jlurcd in that cit^Tnd jfl iiliduld iiot .b»v iii alave-
^ ,!tii' the >|iM(miiS(ybi)w< ycfi Jotaii m*\ Silnorf, •
jCltb their iKtioMi 4)'' *"•'* cafcefijllywatth these
»......-...■■ '-T ; ■. -^ ^ ..■.;. '■^,. •■ •- ..^
Joseiiliuirlijr.etellstlicm'oiicaiytathoft Tares,) arpTWy'' 7
reni.'Jrkain* hisiaili'ei) or a-urviK«'|)r'iivi(li;iii'e fuf-Ihe,
liuhialimeiit of the J«w,i«!i iiiitloii, when tljM? Wei*
[rt>w»vety iviiked.fll I.HiUi iViiisu.limiHof ttiii«*alru«^-
ph of ierusal^l^.
'■f-.\
I
:--i"^S .■^«^■° ".'•■
(X^ w
'-■^ i
*.^^:-.:=*'^;,-: :
' ■■;•
*i
.V ■*".->. "■ • ■ •...■
"■
■'.,*- '^.■■^<::
M
'^'W^:'
;^*. «ji^"
^^ V.,.7 ;«. WARS OF THE JEWS.
-■ ■ " ■ ■■"■■'■«' ■ . ■» ■
7ncn'> going out thnn they did the raiiiin;; in of I diii'iiviilii; niid • iiiiin wM (urctt\ to' hear nhai It
'the Kuuiatn; and ifiMiy, one did but nlCird the i» lurribk' vviii tti hcRt, in order In iiiakn him
.' IcDst ahndi»v u|' aiivjijd^uO qJ° tuch an intunliuh) hii cunrinii thai 'lio hud but oiie hml' of lircad, or
throat wua cut iiiiiuediiilvly: ' < that li« niiKltt diacover a hfflidful of barli y-mciil
2. "Uut a*>rjr Ihb' richer »ort, U (iruvi'd all one thiil wn» concealed ; and thii ntai dune when lhe«n
to them wh^tltcrthey Moid in liiecily or ultvinpl- turmenlura were not Ihcniaelvei huiiKry; Tor the
".V
"V.
^
«d to get outr'llif'il; lor thi-y were equally de
tiroyed in both cniii; lor every tuch ptraun wai
put to deathSiuder this pretence, that Ihcy were
gninuij|ik. \l(»ert, hut in reality (hnt tite.robbert
miKhtj^et wffut llieyjud. ' The lundnesii b( lh«
lediliou* did also inVretlw together with their
/amine) and botit, tho«e ■uia'riei.werc every day
inllaiiied mure and mortt; for there wni uo cArn
which any where appeared publicly, but t^ rob-
bers cainu runniii); into,4fid dearched men • pri-
vate houaeii; and then if they found any, tLey
{o>rinent«d^heni, because they had .^enieil tliey
bad ulty. and rTtliej^ fouiid none, they tqr^Qienttd
Iheiii wor^ie, becauit.'they tiinpoaed thry had
lAore CBfefuIly concealed it. 'Vlte .indication they
made list o^)(rhethe^ they halt apy or not, waa
taken rroiii the bi>diei o( iheae iniaerablo tvrelch'.
C«; which if they wei-e in good rase, they aup-
pbaed Ibej were in no want at nil of food, but if,
they were Waited away, they walked oil vN'ithuut
■earchiii)!^ nny farther-, nor did theyTl^mk it pro-
per to.liill auch aa theae, because they aaw they
would very soon die of theiiiselvea for want of
food. Many there were, indeed, wJio aold what
they had for one ineaau're; it. was of wheat, if
they were of llie richer aort, Init ofi barley, if
they were poorer. Wh*^'* these had apVdune,
they shut themselves up in the inmost rooms of
their houses, and- ate tho corn they had gotten;
•onic did it without grinding it, by reason Of the
extremity of the want they Were in, uiid others
baked bread of it, according as n^cessily and fear
dictated to them; a.table waa nowhere, laid fur a
distinct meal, but they anatched the bread out of
the fire half baked, and ate it very hastily.
3. It was now a miserable case, and a sight
that would justly bring tears into our eyes, how
wen stdod as to their uiod, wtiile the mure p»w-.
erful li^d more than enough, .and the Weaker
were lumentlng [for want of it.] ISut the famine
was tod hard for alt other (msinojis, and it is de-.
itructive to nothing so much as to modeaty; f6r°
what was otherwise worlhy of reverence was in
this case despised; insomuch 'that children ]>ulled
the v^y juorself "That their fathrrs were eating
out of their very .inoutha; and what waa still
more tu b^ pitied, !>o did the mothers do as tu their
infants; and when those thai were most (tear
were perishing under their hands, they vurt- not
•dnme^ to take" from them the very last drops
that might preserve their lives: and while ttfv
ate aftei' this manner, yet were hey not conn w
ed in so doing; but the ae, lua everywhere
came upontheiu immediately, ami snatched awlky
from them what they had gotten front others;
for when they saw any hoii^e shiit up, this was
to them a signal that the peoiile within had got-
ten some food ; whereupon they broke open the
doors; and ran in, and took pieces of what they
were eating almost Up out of their very throats.
thing had Uen less barbarous hail neceasit^
forced them to it; but this was doite to ktifft their
luadjteas in exerciat^, and as makiug: prepara-
tion of provisions for thema^lTni for the follow-
ing days. These men want also to meet those
that had crept out of the city by night, aa far aa
the Roman guarda, to gather aoiue plants and
herbi that grew W4ld; and when those pcopU.
thought they had got clear of the enemy, they
anqti'Jied frum them what they had brought iviln
thetn, even while they had Ireqdently entreated
them, and that by calling upon^ the treineniloiM
name of Uod, to give them back some part of
what they had brought; though these would npt
give them the least crumb, and they were to lie
well contented that they wiirc only spoiled, and
not slain at th« same lime,
4. 'J'hese were the ninictinns Which the lower
sort of people rulTercd from these tyrant's guards;
but for the meli llmt were in dignity, nnd wit)u|l
were rich, the}' were carried belonV the tyranti
themselves; aoiue of wboin were fulsily accused
of laying treacherous plots, nnd so were destroy-
eil; others of them were eharged with designs
of betrayiiig the city to the Uonians; but the
reaiiieat way of all Was this, to suborn aomcbody
to'alhriu that they were resolved to deMrt to the
e^eniy. And he who was utterly despo'iled of
vi'liut^hc had by Simon, was sent bark again to
John, as of those who had been Blrea<ly plumler-
ed by John, Sinion gi)l what renmini ir;'inaiimui:h
that they drank the blood of the populace to 0A«
anuthei', and divided the dead bodies of the poor
creatures between theiii: so that althpugfi, on
account of their amhition after dominion, they
contended with each olher; yet cfid thCy very
well agree in their. wicked practices; for he that
did not communicate what he had got hy the iiti4>
ei'ics of others to the other tyn^ntt sieiiied lobe
too little guilty> atiif in olic respect oikly ; nnd he
that (I id not partake Of what was sd comiuuniCa-
ted to hi^i, grievinl at the loss, as at the loss of
whatwj)« H valuable thing, that he, had no share
in such barbarity.
5i It is therefore impossible to.gn distinctly
over every Instance of these nien'slini(|iiitv. I
shall theref()re siwak my miiid here at oiii;c fcrUjf-
ly, that neither did any otberctly eve^sii'fl'erliich
■itiseries, ilor did any age' ever breed a ^eiiera-
ticm mora fruitful in wickedness than this was,
from the beginning i/f, the World. Finally, they
brought the Hebrew nation into contempt, that'
they might Iheiiisetves appear comparatively less
Mipious with regard to strangers. They con-
fessed wha^ W"'' true, that Ihey' were the slaves,
the scum, and the spurious qnd abortive olfspring
of our natidti, while they overthrew the city tnein'
selves, and forced the Koinana, whether they
would ot not, to gain'a melancholy r(!})utatioD,
by acting glorifiiisiy against thcnii and did almost
and this by force; the old inen^ who held their | draw that. lire u'poii the temple, which t^ey seem-
ed to think cami^too slowly; and indeed, wliea
they saw that temple burping from the upper city,
they were neither troubleif at it, nor 4,id they
food fast j^ere beaten; and if ^e women hid
what they had withip th^ir hands, their hoir
^«&s torn tor ^ doing; nor was there any com-
miseletion shown either to the aged or to the
infants, but they lifted up- chiloren frooi the
|;round, as they bung u)KMi„the morsels they bad
Cotten,' and shook' them down upon the Hoor.
But still were they more barbaroiialy cruel to
those thathad prevented their couiirtj; mi, and bad
actually swallowed .down what they were goiiig
to seize upon, as if* th£y h&d been unjustly dc>.
trauded ot their right. Thtfy also invented ter-
rible methods ot torments, td discover where any
food waa, and they were these: to st6p up the
patsi^ea of ^hc priyy prfKa of the miserable"
wrctciics, and to uiivc aharp stakes up;tlicir fun-,.
shed any tears on that accoiint, while yet these
pasaions were discovered aindng the Rohiani
themselvf s. Whiph circuinstani^es w* ahajl spetAc
of hereafter in their pro|)er glace, Wheo we conie
to treat of ty$Ji matters. ' , ~^ T " ■ . t
' ■••; caif.xi. >-'?-.«i|'. ;^,
Houitht Jtus there crucified hefoire (he It^aUt d^
the City. Concernt*^' AnHoohut Kjpipkanta;
— a F iii >ini« thtjew't o v i r lh r ew Iht liunkt IM
had been raised by the Rom&nt, > ■> " n
} 1. Su niiy -'^it,us's banks t^fere iidi'anced"8
greqji wag;, nutivill^'tuiidiiig bis aoldiera h&l ,b«Uli
vary much dist
••ut a party of h
lay jinibuanea fi
valteys to gathe
deed lighting m
what they got b
them were poor
deaerting by tli
their own relati
cacape awayt lu
dreu, without t
nor could Ihey
to be alain by- tl
the severity of
thus going 0UI
when.,they were
ahould he takei
were going to I
fend iheniselvc
after they had f
make an^ suppi
fir%t whijiped, i
of torturea, bef(
ciliiil {lefori! th
■ ble procedure i
while they caug
uay, iome days
appear to be sal
taken by force |
over ao many hi
guarded them i
ifhy he did not
he Doped the J
light, out of let
terwaitla be lia
So the soldiera,
bore the' Jews, r
Ane way, and ai
ei, by wai^ of jf
great, thiit roon
crosses wanting
2. liut so far
ing at this sad i
luade the rV'St i
wise; for they
that had deaWti
populace aa we|
security ofl'ercd
m'ueriea thg:>c
mans; and told
.were supplicant
taken prisoners
within the city
the truth was k
away iminedial
esteeming deati
dtupnrture, if ct
Tnt|a commtiK
thote that iwcri
they might not
be credited on i
under, and sei
wi'th this exhor
length leave ol;
..him to 'destroy
have those am
their, utmost d
their own live;
and that tempU
He then Went i
cast up, and h
that his wocds i
by his deeds.
Cast, reproachci
hii father alijo,
that *' th«y cor
ptwiferriiig it be
fll the niischiet
they had breiil
"own city, since
4 • Beland very
: tilt* JndgBi<!nt eg
flM in web
■t ■
■f.
J^.
«
■,.,„j' ■
teOOK V.-CIIAP. xu
Ml
varjr much diiireiied rroin th« wull. Il« (hrn
wut a pnty of horienien, and ontered (h«v ihould
UlJ juiibuibei fur thotc that tvfnt ulit int» the
•alUy« tu |{Hthelr foud. Suiii* of theiie mm in-
dted fighliiig uien, who were not cuntenled with
what lUKy gut by rapine; but the greater part of
them were poor people, who were iletrrred from
deserting by the concern they were un«ler fqr
their own relation*; for thry could not hope tu
cicape awayi together with (heir wive«\and chit'
dreu, without the knowledge of the i)edi(iou<;
nor could they think of Iciiving ihete i^elu^ont
to be tlain by- the rubliort on their arcouirt ; t^ay,
the severity of the famine niade them bohl'.m
thui going «Ut: So nothing rrniaiued but tliKI,
when^they wvre cuiiceided from the robbers; they
should be taken by the enemy; and when llirjr
were going to be taken, Ihe^ were forced to de-
fend theniHt'lves fur fear ot bei(jr |ninished; as
after they hiid fought, they thungftt Jt lou Ute to
make an^ auppliciitions for mercy i.,sO they were-
fir%t whippetl, and Uien turnienlM with ttU sorts
of tortures, befdreahry diwi, and werc*|hen'cru-
ciwM befort! the waif of the'city. This miserjt-
ble jirocedure made^'l'itps greatly to pity them,
while they caught everyday live 'hundred Jews;
uay, some days they caught more: 'yet it did not
appear to be safe (or him to li:t those that were
taken by force go their way, and to set n guard
over so many he »aw would be to make such ns
guarded them useless to him. The main reasoiy
why he did not forbid that cruelty Whs this, .that
he hoped the Jen-s might perhaps yield at that
light, out of fear lest they might themselves af-
terwanls be liable to the tame cruel treatniftnt.
So the soldiers, out of the wrath and hatred they
bore the Jews, nailed (hose they caught, one after
Ane way, and another after another, tu the cross'
es, by waj^ of jest, when theKr inullituile was so
great, thiit room was wanting for, the crosses, and
crosses wanting for the bodies,.*" >»g-
2. liut so far were the seditious from repent-
ing at this sad »i i, that, on the contrary, they
made the rV'St oi i ti; multitude believe ollicr-
wisfc; for they brought the relations oi those
that had desTtrted upon the wall, with such of the
populace as were very eager to go ov<-r upon the
security ofl'ercd them, and showed them what
miseries thofc underwent who lied to the Ro-
mans; and told titeni that those who were cjiught
.were supplicants to them, an)l not such ns were
taken prisoners. This sight kept niany of tho<ii'
within the city »vho were so eagir to deiiert, till
the truth was k^iown; yet did sonic of thrm run
away imn^diately as unto certain punishment,
csteeminj; death from their eneniTes to be a quirt
dwarture, if compared with that by famine. So
Tqi^t conmitndcci that- the hands of nitiny of
tho!»e that iwere caught shotdd be cut oil', that
they might not be ttiought deserterii, and might
be credited on accnuniol the calamity they were
under, and sent them in to .lohn and .'^inion,
with this exhortation,, that " they would now at
length leave olf [their niudncss,] and not force-
: .him to 'destroy the city, whtriby they would
have those acfvantages of repentance,' i\c\\ ip
their, utmost diatrr^S, tirat they would pren^nt
their own \\vcf, ami so line a city of' their own,
' and that temple which was their peculiar glory .J°
He then Went rouqd ab<|i\|i« the .banks that wure
cast up, and hastened thini, m 6r«ler to shoyr,
that his wocds shtndJ in.no loiVgtline V<; '<>"'IM^
by his deeds. In answer t'^i Hliicji, the" JuiliW^a
east, reproaches umin CiKS^r "liini'^lfi.iind upriS'
his fntheir al^o, and cHed i$uf with a loUdvoicc^
■ that *' th«y contemned death,,, and did well iiv
pntfeiring it before .slavery; tliuttjiey Xvoulil <lo
fll the mischief to the Romaus thry cuuid;' white
they had breath in them;" and that tor tllioir
"own city, since, they .tyefe, as h« said; to be de-
slroyed.they had no concern about f|, and that
the world itself was « better Irmiije tu liod than
this. 'Ihal yet this temple would be preserved
by him that inhnbiied fheryin, whom they still
had fur their assistant in this war,, and did there-
fure laugh at ail his threateniiigs, which would
come tu nothing; because 'the ^'.iiiclusion of the
whole depended ujirui tiud only." These word*
were mixed with reproaches, and with them the/
made ■ mighty clamor,
'3. In the mean time Aniioohus Kpiphane* '
came to the city, liavinK with him n ronsldt riibl*
number of c l4)irir armrii nien, and a hand called
the Mace<loninii bmul about hihi, nil of the same
age, tall, and just past their childhood, aniied, and
instructed alter the Miicrduniim iimnner, whence
it was that they took that name. Vet wi-n- many
<>f them unworthy of so IxnioMSanalion; furitlind
so happened,' that nhe |^lng of Commaginn had
nourished more than any Other kings that w.l'r«
Mnder the power ul. the Kiimans, till a change
hap|ieiied in his conditioif; and when he was be-
cojne an old man, he declared plainly, that we
6Ught nottucnil any man happy before he isdead.
lint this son of his,- Who was thin cunie thither
before his father was derayiiig, said, tluit " he
CQuld not but wonder what made tlip Romans s9
tardy in making their atlack' upon the Wall t^
Now he was a warlike nidn, and naturnllr bolil
in exposing himself tu dangers; he w»s plso so^
strong a nlan, that his boldnefis selS^im fulled of
having success. Upon tills Titus smiled, and
saiil, "tie 'would share the pains of liii iiltiik
with him." llowttVer, i^ntiochus went nS he Ilii n
was, and with his Macedonians made a suddfn
assault upon the wall; and, indeed, for his own
part, his strenfcth and skill were so great that hu ^
guarded himst^f from the Jewish darts, ati<rwt
shot his darts at them, while yet the young im n
with him were B\iiiost all sorely galled; for Ibi v
had so great a regard to the promises that b I
been made of theiir courage, (hat they wou, I
needs persevere iiiA^their figlitiitg, and at leiigl'i
many of them retired, but not till they wi 'c
wbuhded; and'theh tney perceived -that true Mi-
ccdonians, if the/ Were to be conquerors, mu«t
have Atexan>lera good fortune also. ,^
4. Now ^s'the Ko\uans began to raise tbeir
blinks on the twelfth day of the month Xrlcmi"
sius, [jyar,] sohud they much ado In finish them
by the twenty-ninih day of the same month, alter
they had labor#iVhitrd fcir seventeen days ctn-
tinually. Kor there were; now four great banks
raised; one ofwliich was at the tciiver Anto-
nia; this was raised by the fifth legion, ovclr
ngairist the middle of that pool which was' called
Struthiua. Another vyi^s cast up by the twelfth
.legion, at the distance of about twenty cubita
from, (he other. But the labors of the tenth (
legion, which lay a great way iilV these, was on
the north quarler, and at the pool called Aiii\g-
dalon; as was that of the llfteejilh legion abuut
thirty cubits fiuiA it, and at the'fiigh priest's iiio-
nunient. A ncf now when the en^ines\werc brought,
John hn(f from within undermined the space that
was over af:riinst the tower of Aiitonia, as far ai
the banks" UieniKelves, and had . supported the
ground ovtr th<-,niine, winhlje-tius laid across one
aiiotbi r, Atyr^by the Roman V\/irk3;,slp()d Vipon
an mil < rdiift Y'lUMiJation. Thtii did hepnl^r such
materials to be liroBght in as wrj-^ daubed over
with pitch and biluinfn, *n(l si| ihiin oiV lire,
and as the cru^s-beams that su^urlul ihi' banks
\4'erc biiniin"'; the ditch yretled "ihp the «'<id(len,
mid (lie banks \\<'te shfiKcn' doWn; and fe1|, inlD
;t|ie ditch with ii prodigroiiW'rK^ise. J)>tow'at the
li-r^t tlierti arohi- a very thick snioki- .iinil dHi>t ai
the hi-» wan cliuked f^ilti ihe l.iU oi' ihi- hank,"
bu^ as (he sjjrt'ncated malerialji Mere mhw ji ra-
duull>' riinmiou-ij. si plain,, fltnlie IVKike oui. on
■^:
.^^-
.' •« V
i
" J
^1
wnnlrd rflqirt for thaciott.its,xi<ii crutnnf fo;-, the liodiek
o( thnseJcwR, slnri> (hey hail brouvht tlijo juriemcnt on
tbemseivei hy the cr^;lx<«n of th^ir Mcisiah,
• Reland very prpperly lakes nplire licre, how justly
tiii(JqdgBi<!nt came upoll the,;je>vs, w)ieii tliey ^ere
^fiS in wctaiouUitilld^p tp|et1^%r,lhai thtltolnant
'^ " «"■...'
'i
542
WAltS OF THE JEWS.
Iei< tu tlitiiii.]
r tliia Simon and hi» party
dcitruy the otlirr ^ank<;. lur
cuuglit tlieir iiigmc-ti t(i b^ur
aUtady to iiiakti the wall illake.
|)litlicu9 uf CiuraU, a city u( (>u-
^Husarui, one wim was iK'rivitH friiiii
n Jilaj[iaviiit:*i'iiprviiiil»| nnil willi
c, lie wax till: noil ol iSa-
''•^ ■..,
'^•V:
which •oiltUo appcaraoc* of tlir i1u(u<^ a conitri'-
iialJQii fi'll uprm the Ru>»uii«, hiii| tli«; thrtiwUiit'ta
uf tliii cuiiti'ivanct' (Jiicuuragcil ihciii; ami iiiiltcd
t4iiit ui'Citleiit cuiiliiiK u&uu thi'iii at a tjuiv wlitii
tliiy tliuii^ht tlK:y liud ulrrady ^Hilled Ihiiir puiliti
coul«d ihi ir ^^Mk lor the Itnu: to coiuc They
aliio thouglitaffin&lil be to m uurpoae to take
tlie pain* tu illBjpliiili tite fire, iiincv if it were
«!xliiiguiiihi'd the baiiki were tw^HowyU up alrea-
dy [iiiid bee ^^ I . .. -• ■
5. 'I'wo
(iiai
»ir
'; A IK
lilee.'
fujiiu
thViii oue. Ir Oj
biiteua, umli|MRHR^< the iiailie uf CJiaj^irai,
' Iruiii the ill lurtunel^u had, the VOrd niKnily xig a
luiiie man, tnutchcd joliic luruhea, and ran >ud-
deiih- ujHjn the eliKinea. iMurwere there dnrioK
this ivur any men tliut ever iiillied out uf the city
. tSrlio Wife their •uperiora, either in their own
■ boldncaf, ur in the tecror they atritck into their
cueniiex. lur the}' run uht uiiun the KniUHiia, not
as if they were ciieiuica, but TrienUa, Withuut fenr
,.iiWr, delay: nor did they leave their eiu'inieii till
they had ruahed Vviolently throu||;h the midst of
tlieui, and aet their mainline!) on lire. Anil lhou);h
they 'had dartathntwn at theni oil every aide, and
\ were on every flilB aaaaulted with their eiieiuiea'
,' aworils, vet did they uut withdraw theiiisitvea uut
^ of the UaiiKcra they were in, till the (ire had
, caught huhl of the iiiatrunicnts; but when the
\fluiiic went up, the RiAiiaiia caiue riinjiin^ from
, their ciiiiip tu aave their enginea, Tlieii <li<l the
Jeiva luiider thi-'ii: succora from the Wall, and
fought with thoae that endeavored tu quench the
tire, without any regard to the danger tlieir
budica were in. So the Komana pulled the en-
ginea out of the fire, while the liurdha that cu-
vered theui were on fire; but the Jews caught
liuld of till lj;itlcring«rania through the' llame it-
^If, and lietd (lieiii laal, although the iron upon
theinvvaa beconit: red hot: and quw tliC lire
apreaiTitaelf fruui the eagilies tu the buiika, and
prevented thuac'that came to defend them; and
^. all tliia whHe the Uunians were enconipusaed
round about with a tianie, and dcapairing of sav-
ing their !ivorkii.:,froiu it, they retired to their
cauip. Then did the Jews become iilill more and
iuorc in iiuiiiher by the Jpmiiig of tbuae tliut were
, . . within the i ity to thei^nsaiiitancc;.; niid -aa they
were very bold upon the good aui'i'eaa thiy had
had, their violent aaaaulta were iilinoat irretistiiirt';
nay, they proceetled as far aa the furtiliratiuna »f
the cncmiea',cuuip, and fnught witlt their ^uurda.
A'o* iherU'satoud a body uf aohUera in uriiiy be-
lure thaf caiiip, which aucccede'd une anulhir by
V tui<D8 in their armor; and aa to tliuiie pie law of
.*V die iioiiiana was^ terrible, that he who left hia
i^ippab there, let tlw' occaajon be whatsoever it
might be, ho was to.die-for it; so ttiatbody of
;*aotdiers, pifferring rutlier to die in figlvting cou-
/ ^rageouaiy, than'ug a puniaVment for the\r cuwar-
di«e, atood firm; and at tiie iieceaalty thaae intn
were in of standing to it, tunny of the ptliers that
; ,'had runaiV^iy, oftl of •hanio turned Itack again;
suit wlien they' had aet>thc eucineruguiii^it the
.y wall,, they kept the multituilc. (rom coining more
■• .^vf tlftm oufof thecj^- [which they.couUf the^
ilibrti easily, il«]_^ becauaC'tjiey'had'iMide no pro-
»'k\:,;>'i.siM[» for preservinfejiiitunrdtilg their,bodi.» at
itliiaTime': (tv the Jewa wught now liund to hand
,. with all thateuiiie in their way, nnir<williout iiny
< caution fell against the^Jioijits of' theiV* enemies'
(pcura, &iid attacked them bodies against budtpt;
'^^ fur t|)fy were now too hard fur the liojiians, not
— ; — «o much by tl i iir uti i tr'wyirli k e a c t io nj ), a a by
these couragruiis Ii4>aulta ihiy marie unoiithnu,
and the Koiiians gave way more to thiri|>liuld-(
nA>, than they did to the pentc of the harm thfy .'
hail received Iriinrtlii III.
ti. And uutvAt'ituBwaa come from the lower of
Aniuliia, whitlirr he wiia nunv to look iiiil f<>( a
plai'C fur riiiaiiig iilher liniika, 1111^ repruiu'lu't). (he.
suUlitrs greulljr.'for peniultlng thiiruwH ividl to
be in danger, whin they hull taken the wulli of
their oneiiiiea, 'bnd susliiiind the loilune of men •
beaiiged, wlide the Ji iva were idloWid to sully iJ^<,
out againal Ihciii, Ihuugb they wire lUrenily ia.kliMf
aort of prison, lie then we'iit round nhuiit^the '
enemy with aumc chosin, tniopa, niid fell upon
their llank HiiiiMtlf ; an the Jews who had been
before assaulted in tlieitLfurea,wliei ltd nhuiitio
Titus, and continued the fight. The nrniit'- hI'o -
Wi ri: UOw mimd one aiiiung another, and the
dust that was raised ao fur hindered tlieiA I'runi
aei ing one anulher, and Ihi; noise that ivaa imi|(
ao fur hiuderid thcKi frum hearing one aiiuihr
ihut neither aide could disrerii an enemy li'i>ni
friend. Uuwiter, the Jews did notllinrh, thi|ig
not so much from Irhiir renj alreuKlh, aa-linm
thiir deapair of ili liveiaiice. 'Ihe Itonlai'is idto
would nut yield, by rii>sc)n of ihe ri^iiid (luy
had to glory, and tii (heir. r> pulntion in wnr, mid
beuaute ('leanr himself went iiilu ihe (laii)>i'r lie-
forc Ihein; inilomui;)i thiil I iiinnnt but think the
Komana would in till! coiii'hisiiiii have now tiikcn
even Ihe whoh: miil(itii>le uf the Jiws, su very
angry were thi^ ut them, Ijinl time not prevent'
ed the upshot iif the liallli-, and r< tired intu the
eily. llowivi r, a< 1 iiijf the banks of tlie Kiminnt
were deinolialieil, thisi' liiniiMis wi re vi TV much
cast down M^u the lu>a of what had cos) {he(ii, sO
lung |iaiiia, and Ihii in one hour's tii^ie. Aiitt-
mutit^^deed despairrti of taking the city with
their uaoft^iri^uira of wnr only.
^'A
CIIAl'.
OkKKHStta;
Tilut thmtghl Jit Id cnnnnpass the City rowni.
ti-mtMjVull: after vhicli Ihe h'atnitie lonsnm-
^jtd Ife Pcoylt by whole IJuusetattdt'dmiUti to-
" gelher.
J 1. Ajvu now did Titus eonsiiit with his rniii-
nmnders what hus to be iluiu'. Those thai were
of the Wvrineat tempers U>ouglit be should bring
the whole army iigalnst (he city, and stonn the
nallt<fur that hitTiirto no mure than n pari of.
it^eir aniiv had fuuglit with the Jews, bsit that
in case tfic eiiliii'*arniy was to come at imce,
they wifuid nut be able t<i sustain their atlaiks,
butWi^iiW btrovtrwhelnied li^ tlieir darts. Hut
of.'thuse thatgii:|iie lor a mure cautious mmiage- .
iiient, soaiH' were .lor fiiVsiiig their b:inksii»'ain,
mid, utiier>i udviseS^to bt the baiikli ujoue; but to
lie* still ^fford ms r'll}, to guard nirain.-l the
c«jmiii'g oBt; of tht' Jeyis, and so. to have the
eiieniy ,to tJte SlfiniVihe, and' this wltliout direct
lighting with them; for ihat lUspatr Wiia not. to
be cuiiquered, esiiei'iully aS^to thuse'ivho are dfe>
airoua to die by the awuril, j^hile ij more lerridle
niiserylhmi lliat is reserved- for them, I low.
e\er, I'itus iliii iioi'thi|rk it fit for ap greut'an
nruiy to lie eiUinlv idlV, and that yet it iviis in
vain to fight with those that wuuhl be deil roved
one li>y another; he also showed Iheni hiHv ini-
practieablc it was to cast up anv more banks, for
want of inatiri'als, anil tu guard aaninat the J,ewa
I'uiiiing out, »still niore iuiprai>tMabIe; ai\ idso,
that to encompass the whole eily round w.i<h his
4iniiy;jr«i nut very easy, by reasoif ofita ningni-
tndi'/tihd the. dilliculty of'the aitnation, and od
other accpiinls dungeroux, upi))i tiie. aulliis the
Jl^V8 might make out^>f the vity^ Vbr although
they iiMght giiard the kiioWji passages otit «( the
plucOf yet would tlHgy, when Ihey fofiiid IlieiU' ,
selves under the greatest distreHs. (•untrive aiicret
liussages out.ii^s being well accpiaiii^teil with 'all
-'' 'aces; nnd.if any provitions were rnTrieil
iiirii pla
iiy pi'ii
iifby stealth, the siigi uugild ihirib} hi I iiigir
idihiytd. tic also oi«ncd^^hat"hi.,;iyj'salraiil that
i>
f?.
(h
u
."<■ i
// // ,
tbcl^iiglhofliniethii
the tlory of his su
that li'iigth uf tinie
that to ilo what We 1
•ary tu the gaining 1
his opinion wa», Inii
joined with sucurit
round about the \
thought, the only wi
coming out nii^ way
entirely deapair of si
sitrrender itup tu hi
'"''"^niered wheirtht
Reiii. For that
^ip. entirety nt n
cirei then tu have liiii
that; would opposelh
that, if any one sliu
too g;reat« and 141"
diSicuIti , lie ought
fur i{uniun»> to ulid
that none but tiud
cuaipjiisli any great (
<{. These aff^juiwei
niaiiders. .So- Titui
.ihgiutd bcdistributei
work; and indeed' t
dicra. ai certain ilivii
only part the whul
luno'ng tlieui, liordi
another, but tlii^ li:
the aumc i insomuch
tibus to please 'his
centurion, each, cen
ainbilion of the tfil
•periur commanders
nnticu of and rt^wai
those i;onimanders;
works maiiv times e<
b(i«|«jJone. Ti
camii of thi^Wssyriii
pitched, and dri w il
i/'eriopolisi thriu-e il
droll, to the Mount
wards the south, am
aa far as the rock 1
6ther hill which lien
ley wbich reaches ti
again tu the west, ai
of.the Fountain, bev
at the iilunuiiient uf
rncompussing that 11
formerly pit4!hed hi:
the north side of tin
far ua u certain vill
Krebinlhi ;. after wli
laonuinent, iiiid the
Titus^s own caiiii>,
length of this wall
abated. Mow 01) th
thirteen placea to k
cuiuferences, put tu
•Ongs; the whole w
so tliat what'Vrould ,
• months. Was done ill
credible. When Ti
ed the city with this
proper |Maces, ho wt
watch of the night,'
rivas kept ; the aecoh
; ander; ,_tli,e comma
third, watch. They
selves who^ shotild I
night time, tind Wh
. * tound tbe spares thi
'we garrisons. ],
3: So all hope o<
■'from the 'Jews, :tO|
Koinir ^ut of the cif
_EaintJ
den if
den Its proi^rcts, a
whole hqusis end fui
full of woin^ and 1
•^
• I
BOOK V.-CIIAP. XIIi
549
tbeUng(hoftini«thu<tobein«n(, wniilil ilriniiiith
th« tlurjr of hit •ui'C«-n; lur (IkiukIi it b« (ru»
ihnt li'ii|;(li uf liiiii) will |Mirl')'i'l rvirv Ihiii^r }t(
that lu lio wliiil We do in h li(ll)! lime [aacill iirii a-
Mry lu the KiifDiiiK re|iUtnl|oii. I'lml, Ihcn Diri*,
hit upinicfii «*»». Uittl il tli0 n1iiir<Mi( i|iiicl(iii«a
juintiii with lucurityx^thi'y iiiutt liiiild ii whII
ruuiiil iiljout Ihe wholti icily, whii'li tvnii, liu
ibougt't, Ihtt uiily wuy tci nrevcut ihr Jiwa friiilr
voiiiiiiK oiit nii^ Way, hiiiI lh«4> llity waulcl rilht r
enlinjiy dt!(|iairvl»iviim flie city,' hikI io woiiIiI
•urrander it'up to liiiih^ li^>l>)l(l|«iiioH; enaily'
iTHil wlii-n thi; I'liihino IihiI I'urlllfr »vi'iili«.'ii-
cm. For (hut tM'Mdt'n tlii* iviill, hi< wmild
„ ,'ie-entift'ly nl ri4( alli'rivnrd, hut Hoiilil tnlic
e»n thttii 111 hAvti liuiika r'liiiuid ii|fntn, Hrliiji tlicisx'
that would ojipuaetliciu viirttt linuiiiu wriiil) r.: Itiit
that il' aity uiic uliuuld. think tui'li n «vi(i'kl<vlii'
tud g^rt'jit; iijid ii^t^t^ b)i rMiiAlK'il watmiit tiiiirli
diSicuUv, lit: oUKht.lo rnnaidiT tliiit it in )i'>l lit
l»r Roniun/ tu uiidvrtake uiiy ainiill wwk; uiul
that none but Oud hiiiiiii'll' cuuhl' with eaae iic-
cuuipjliah uiiy great thing whnfuorfir. -ir—
i. Thttat) ar)^juiu<-nla iirvvatk'i't nitli the coro-
niaiidt^rs. .Sd- -ritua gavV? ordtirji thiit (h«! uriiiy
ihttutd be diilributi-d to tliLir aevt nd «hnr<ny){ lliiii
work; and indted' tUntv tuiw (iinic u|uin ih^Kul-
dicra. oi ctsrtnin divihv I'urvt au I'liiil tbcy ili'l nnt
pidy |wrt the whuh: wtill thai ir^i* to'bc liuilt
luiui'iig tlu-ni, i\or<lid only uiii' h%Um siriv)'. wiih
anuthcr, but tli< J< i>»iT>livi»ioiH oC ihc nrim^^
thraumiii imuinuoh thnt i:ijch sotdii't' wiiHitiiibi'^
liuua to piciifb'hia dt'cufiair, mch ili rurinn his
c«.'iituriou, tucli. vt'iiliirion hit tribiini!, and (h«
anibiliun ul' the tribuixa «««ii $u |df'iiii« thiir «ii-
•periur coiuuiaiidiirai ivlillut'ifsiir^ititiiih'ir tunk
iioticu ol' aiid rt^wunltid the likj; nuitcnliuu In
thuae CDiiimuiiiUrs; for h»;wr»t roiijiil ubuul the
works iiiiiny tiiiii^a <jvcry day, and took a \ rnv of truniiry, aa not nildiirin^ lli«< atent h
_.,,i'«'- Titui bi'ijiin- (he iViiU fniln llic |t) '
camp of tuiTVHayriiin< ivtn rr hia <iwh t;iiin|i .^vm '
pitched, and d»i w it (lutVn.lo the lower jiir^'fjf
t'eriopoljai thfiu-e it wtiit ujtliig tl)« vidh'y of ( Ji-,-
droll, to (hi! Mount of Ulivt.H; it thLMi b<iit^-.
warda the aouih, and •'n<'oiiip;ia«ect the iiKiilnllWi
aa far aa the roik called IV listeribii. and tliiit
6ther hill which lie* nrM It, andU oyer thf uj-
ley which reiichea td Sjluam; whtiice. It biuded
again to the weat, and wi'iit dowii''tii (lie viilky
ufthe Fountain, beyond which it nrutlipaf^nin
at tlie iilonuiiicnt ol Amiiiua ^hr hiiili priial, and
(nconipaaain)^ that niQUntai^ where i'oinpey h'ld
formerly pitlihed Ida oniup, it roturiied Inik to
the north side of the rituj, iiixi wus carried on aa
far ua u certain villai;« culled the lloiiKr of the
Krebinthi ;. after which it «ncoiiipu«ted Herod'a
uOnuinent, iiiid there ou'the cnH wa*- joined to
,Titu«> own canii), A here it bej^-.in.^ Aow^ the
length of thia wall ivna forLy turlii1li<;a, one 'oiil/
abated. Now ot) thia wall without wtw« cri'j;teii
thirteen placea to keep garriaoiia iniiwlioiie i:ir-„
cuiuferencea, put together, niiiuunlcd lb ten lui-
•unK*; the whole waa completed in, three. daya;
so that what 'Vrouhl naturally have re<|uirei(ao'iiiu
> nloiitba, waa done in ao abort an interval ua ia in-
credible, W hen Titua bad therefore eticc>inpa«<-
td the city with thia Widl,.aiul put garrijiona into
proper |Mace<, ho Went round, the wu'll uttjie brat
watch of the nif^bt, uiid ol>servcd.how the guard
tfKukppt; tbeaecohd watclf he ulluttedto Ale\-
; >nder; ,;tii,e coiumandera of legioua took the
third. watch. 'I'bey alao raat tuta auicfng; theni-
ti^lvcs who' aboiild be upon the watch ifi the
night time, iSnd .rtho should ^o nil night lonji;
finninr, and tUt hnfaofthc nij him full of the
diad li'jiiia ol ihi ii),,d, the i hiMn n alaonnd
III* voi)ii„ luiii uiin li rtd~iili lullhi iiihrkrl iilarel
iHie tiNii.iHA, .ill .willtd wilh Ihi t otiiiii , ami
l< II donn iliu.d, will riaoiv) r till ir UM»c r,\ hiiikI
thill) As lor l)ur)iit,{ tbuil, tbux lliat wire
auk ibiuKiUia nin not iihti Io d\> it, ami tlioae
Iliat win hi Hiy uii I Mill win ditirrnl Ironi
doing It Im Ihr ;,nat Iiiiillitiiili ol llii,.i i|, mj ho-
till a, and li) tin iiiii,( fi.imly tinre «.<» Imn aofln
they iholild ilie.ilnin»elvir»j I'nr iimuy deed ui
they «(rere burying 'odiera, unit infiiu wi ut lo'',
Ibeir I'olViaabefore (hat filial hour w:ih i oiuc.
j\nr •aa thfr«) any lanientaliona mide under
lime (•alnniili*»,.'iior were heanl any iniuriilul
roiujibinia; but ihe fiimiin: confounded- idl • hIu-
ral paaaiona; forthixe who were. jU»tgoiiij;lo ilii>
looked upon (liine that were g uie to Ibrlr ra-.tl .
Ill lore theiir«;ith dry eyea ami o|M.'n nionihi. A ■
deep vjlence al«o,^and H kind of dtiillly nigli^ftiad :
ni/ed upon ibe citv ; while yi I the I'libhei,'! wett'
atill more tfrrihb' than theaeini<eriv» wi.f" IImmii- ■
fflvMi for they brokcejiell tboae boitVes yvhiirh ':
were no ailhir (ban cravea of diii(l.l(.i;liii«, iiml
pluiiilered Ibeni of w-lial Ibey had,^^iid ciirryinj;
ort the coverjnga of their Uodin, wi iii out laugh-
ing,' and tried (be potnta of their aiiorda in their ..
ili'iid hodii »; and in order to prove wliiil iiii tal t
they Were liiade of, they (bru>t some of llifwe
Ihiifio^h thai .itill lay alive upon Ibe ground; liiit
lor Ili0<e tbiit enlrifateil them to lemV tliriu their
right hand and (heir awiird io dmpitib Ihimi
thiy Wfre (oo proud to grant their nipiist-, ami
left them to lir coM«umed,hy thi fiimiii ^o*
every one oflheae died wi(htbi ir i)n n\ril upon
Ibe teiiiide, ami left the aeililioua alive hi hind
thriu. Niiw the arditioua at lirst ),iive ordi r>
that the drail abould he liiirieil out ol thi |iHhli£
',reaaiiry, aa not nnduring (lie atcni b ol Ihi ii Hi ad
iialiia. lint afterwani, when Ibiy could n it do
I hat, they had Iheii) caat down Iroiu llu nalli
into the valleya beoeatb.
■ 'f. However, when Titua, in going hl< rnlitid
iilong.(bi'ae valltya, aiiw (heiil fulfof I'lad h iiliia,
and (he thick putrrfal-lion rnuniiig about Ihi iii,
he gave u groan, and apreading out tin b iiida
to heav^'U, called (iod to wilniaa that thia naa
not Ilia doiiiji^i nnd auch wa< th< aulin'i oi ihr
cl(y ilaelf. lint the Koiuapa wire vii\ jif\iul
aincc none of the aediliouac'ourd now nmlie'aalliit
out of the city, b«'aU<e thej wort thiiuielwi
di^^al|aolale^ anM t'be famine alriadv toiu be I
theni alao. . 'I'Ui'ae Koma.ia In -idea had gr< at
plenty ofcor'n'an.il otberneceaaania out ol Syria,^
ami out i>( the iicighborihg provini ea. In my ot
whom wouhl atand near to l,bi wall of Ibe i ilv ,
and «b"^v the people what griiit qnantitiiauf
provisiona tliiy had, and ao niaki thi fiiiiny
iiioreaenailileof theirfntiiine.in (In g'nat plenty,
even to aatiety, which they' bad (h«iii><l\ti(.
However, when the atHililioua atdl ahowi'd no in- *,
clinationa of- yielding, Titua, out ot hi< com-
niiaeralion of Ihe people that n m iDitil, and c ut
of liiaearneat dealre of rracuing what waa itdl
-leli out of thoae miacrica, began (o miac bit
jianka again, although n|jtferiala for thrninir<>
bun! to be coiiih at; i<ir all Ibt^lri ■ | that Vi(.re
about the city had bfcn already i ut rlown lor the
making .of tbr fornier .banks. Vit did Ihi a,d-
diera liHng wittk t^fU* other nmli riala fronitbfl<r
(listancc. of ninfty furlnnga, and (lienhv iai«i (
banks in finir ji^s, inucb (;r< ati r than'tbi for-
ini-r,. though thia was dune oiilv at thi towirof
Anlonla. SiyCnpaitr went hia roundalhrou -b the
; •■■?li: -jt.
J
:/
gomej
den it!
lie I
den its progrcta,. anil, devoured thZjwo|)le.Jti
whole hauaei and fainilieaV tile uppt-;- ri^nWinre^
fi^i of woini|;ii and cbtlilrcn that, wcgil^ tl)'l'iiR
.:>._
rtound tbe spaces that wer« , inlerimaed between i ji giona„m(l haatcned <Hi ibe worka, ami allow»d
' Ibe garriaons. , - . ' ' \, ■• , " tlie roii^^ .that they were now in hia bsni'a
3; So all hope of escapinfrVat now cut off Hut IhPfe men. and theae onl>,weri incn^lj*-
■' from the Jewa, together with^thiir liberty of of re|M.<n(ing of the wickinliliaa thrt itfd \i9in
Koing nut of the city. Then did tli| lai ij iiie wi- | gnilly of. ayl. aepara^ip; their aoiil« <|^ii Ihi ir
odiea,, they used' tlM^hulb a« if Ihiy'UiNi/ifiV 'i''
'Vtb other folfca, and jiotto Ibeinai Iviif,^ (i^VI- 1 o
gentle atlectiuncould ioiich tlirir aouU, nir could
,."■»
I .
■■;■) '
^-.:
-^.-.
>
.v: v
■ \
644
WARtf Of TIIK JKWS.
/.
•ny pain Kflecl tlicir bo<liii, Kini-o thujc coutJ tlill
ti'ur ihr (lead bti(lH'« of {hv |HU|iirHi><liiglilu,auil
till the pi'itoiit whb (litMe tlinlwcrtt •i'.lt.
CHAI'. Xlil.
Tkt gnat Stoughlir$ and Stkrittgt that tr<ri in
JtruMltwi.
^ t . AcCORDlNdl.y SimoiuvoulJ not lunV-r Mat-,
tlimo, by tvlinau. iiiciirti he ((ut |iii)>ri>iuii nt' llui
rtly, In go o(l' witlioul lormtnli Tliii MiilUiimi
wu« (he luh of lluothua, anil wut one of (h« hiKl>
(iiiiaU, oiin thul had been very l^iithCul (» (Iti!
fieoplfr. and in great cttvvni wirti tlii-in; h<-i wht-o
' Ibe multitude were diitrr«>Gd by thu icalui»,
Riiiong whom John wni niiiiibcrred, perauudcd the
|ieo|d« to admit tlu« Simon tutoMiriiiio ■••ixt
■ ihvni) n hilt: he hud made no (irm> with hini,
lior cxiii'Ctrd any thing (hut wis evil frOiU; him.
Ilulwntn Simon Was dime in, and hud gotten
the city under hli power, he eiteeiiied him that
had «dvi«fd them to admit him ifj bin ?ncmy
' equally witli the rent, a* looking upoRthat otUiie
as a piece of hiitimplicity only : to lie hnd hint
lh«n brought before liim, and condenincil to die
Tor being on the skle of ,tha K'owanf , without
giving iiini leave to make hi» drfeote.- lie
condcnincd also his tlvrcc loni to die wilhhhn^
, for us to the fourth he pftvented hiiii by running
nway to Titus before. And when hi: beggi*! fur
, lliis, (hat he might be slain before liissoim, and
tliut as a favor, on account that ho had prot'urtil
\ the gates oi" the city to be openeuto him, he gave
\order that he''idi<iuld lie slain the Juntof tlKin all :
»ii he was not slain till he had seefi hit son.! i^lniu
1)1 fore his eyc», and that by being proilueed ovi;r
iisninst the Koninns;. for such a rhargj! had
- Simon given to Amlnus, the sbn of liumudun,
. who was ihe must barbaruUD. pf alt hio guar<ls.
lie also jested upon him, and tokl him that be.
mighi now see whether.those to w,homhe iiitend-
ed to go over, would send hini aiiy surcor* or
not; but still. he.<forbad« their dead bcjiVie* stiould
he buried. After the slaughter of thjftr, a eerluin
priest, Ananias, the son ol MasambaliiK.a per^ion
ofeminency, as also Aristeusj the scribe of the
sitnhedriiii, and burn at kminauii,aiid with.ttiein
tiftecn men of figuru among the people, ivcre
slain. 'rheynlsokeptJosephus's father in prison.
niul made public proclamation-, thijl no eitiien
whosoever should either speak to him hinisell', or
go into his company aniong others; for fear he
should betray them; They also slew such us
joined in lamenting these nicn, without any fur-
Ihefexaniination. '■
2. Now when Judas, th^ son o(JudAS, who was
ope of Simon's under otUcers, uiid a pirson i.n-
Inisted by htm to keep one of ilie towers, saV
this procedure, of Simon, he called together ten
of those under him, (hat were (most faithful to
hiiJ), (perhaps this was done pnittly out of pity to
thoi^ that hud no barbarously bl'eii put to death,
but principatly, in order to pijovide I'or his own
safety,) and spoke thus to tjie(n; "How long
ihnli we bear these niiserios'l or what hopes
have! we of deliverance by thut continuing faith-
ful to such wicked wretches? Is not the faniiiie.
already cenie- against us'f Are not the Romans
in 8 manner gotten within tllecitj-.'? Is not Simon
heconiie unfaithful to his benelactors*? and is
there not reason to fear he will <ery toon bring
us to the like puniidiinent, while the security the
Romans ofler us is »uVe7 Come on, let us sur/
render up tlii^ wall, and 'save, ourselves 6od,>Kc
city. IS or will Simon be very much hurt, it/«iow
he despairs of deliverance, he be brought to
justice » little S'^-iuer than h- thinks on/ Not"
these ten \\tTC prevaded U(H)n l>y those arg u
Roniant frinu (he tower about iIm third l.our,
but the), »ume of (him out i>t priile, drupisid
what he suiii, and uthersnt llietii did not believe
him tu be in earnett, thouKli (ln< greulest number
delayid the mutter, as liebiuiiK (hey nhnuhl Kf^l
poxeiMon of (he ci(y iit a li((b ttnie, witlmiit
any haiard. liut nlien Titus tv»» j(»t eilmiiii(
thither with hi* urm<d men, Simon wis acipiaiiit-
ed wi(h (he ina((er belore he ciime, ami pre«en(ly
took (he towir into bin oHniu»(od_\, btioii' i(
wa« surrendered', and >eiieil upon Ihiii iiiiii,
and put (hem (ndeatli in (he sight of (li« Koiiiiiiii
(liemsilves; ninl vi^ii n he lyid niungleil (heir
dead bodies, he (liren iheiil down iielurirdie vtull
of (he Ci(y.
U.'lntne meqn(inie Jowplius, as h« wasghlng
round (he ci(y, hml liis bend wounded by a ttuiM
(hut was (br°u»n at liijii; upon which he till
down as giddy. U|>on which IjII ij|*lii»the Jy»s
iiiaile a sally, and lie hud b'ten jiurrieil away into '
the chy, if t.'-.i sar had (lot sent iiieii to- prod i(
him iminrUiately : ,aii<0 rt the-r itHii weri-^ fight-
.ing> /iise|ihus was (ukun up, (hough he heunl
)i((le of wlia( was done. S» (lie'««di(iou* »np-
puscd (hey hail imiw slain that muii whom Ihiy
were (he nius( desirous of killing' ""'I <n|"'*'
(licreupiin a gnat noise, (ii Way of rejoicing. Tlii<
accident was (ulil in (lit ci(y ; and (he miilli,tiiil<
(hi^t remiiined bicanie verv diti'«nsi>la(e a( the
lu ws; an ill lug persuadeif (iia( he wati reully
ileud, oil whose ai'ciuoK nlune (hey coiild V^ lil)ir«
(o desert to the Htiniuiis. Knt wiien Jusepbii's
mother heard in iirismi that lirr sou wii« diHd,
she »uiil to (hose (1iii( watched uImiiiI Jirr. ••(ha(
she hud always bei ji dl o|i(iiiiiii, situ e lliesiegi'
of Jotupata, [that be \voulil lie idaiii,] iiiid slTe
should never enjoy him alive any iiioii." She
idsojnndegreutluliieiitatiiiii I'lritnli'lv (o (he muiil-
Kervan(stha( wer^ulit^( her, and said, " tha( this
was all the aiUimtuge s|ie had of b'ringing'so i \-
tiaordinaiy a person ajs (hissing into the norld,
Ih-at she iihoiUd not lie ikbltr eve|i to bury that son
of hers, by whom she expi-cled to have bei u
jjurjiid hii-self. Iluweyer, this false lepoit did >
not put his mother to pain, nor nlliird merrittit nt
(o the robin IS long; lor Josephus foon ri covered
of his wound, and cuinii out, a!;d criid aloud, ,
"tiiat it nou.ld not be long ere (hey should be
punished I'ur this wound they had giveii hiiii."
lie also niiule a fresh lixliortiKiol to the people
(o come Out, upon (he security (ha( would be
gi\en them. This jight ot' Josephus encourugeij
(he people ^rea(ly, anil brought a great cons(ec-
na(ion upoudic «e<iiti<jins.
4. Hereupon some of (lie. deserters, having tia
other WB_< , leajied cbuvn from the wainiiiiiiecii-
atelr, wliile ollievs of them neat nut of thccity
ivilfi stones, ui if they would light them; but
thereupon they "Heel away to (he liomans. But
here a worse, lii(e accompanied these, than whiit
(hey had luuiid withiiijtw city, and tliey 4iii I
with a tiUiiker dt«iMflch frtnn the. too great abtni-
(lance tlir,y had/among the Romans, than (hey
II H'
sorlii
ni< 11(3 sortie sent the rest of tbo»* that were
nm'cr hini, sonic one way, and some another,
that no discovery might be iiiailo of what they
had rtsolveU upon A< col-diiigiy) he called to the
rite Iroiii the funiiue among the
in they iiime first to the Honiniis.
could have . do
Jews; for wK „
they were\pul)'cd up by the faniine, and stvellid. ,
like.nieiirn a dropsy ; after wldob they-oll'on the
suddeiMlver-filled "those liodies-tliut were belore
einpt/; and so burst asunder, cxccptihg such only
ivere sBilled.ciiQiigh to restrain their iipiielttes,
I by degrees took in their food into bodies un-
icciistonicd thereto. -Vet did am/ther plague
seize upoin those that were thus preserved; lot
there »yas tbufld nuipng tlia Syrian deserters a
certain person who wns caught gathering pieces
ot" gold out oi' the I xcrAiients of the Jews' bel-
lies; foe lh«> desprtern ysed to swallow ' Buch
ol gold, as wc told yfHi belore, whi n the;
pieces I
/
■• «r*i (otil be
this vontrivanci
the faint! of it I
de»erter%,caiiie
tude of the Ai
those tifat e«l
their bellie*
initery befel t
thin this, aiuri
thousand of tht
5. When III
-wicked practie
those that had
■ml have shot
had nottlheir
(hose that Wen
have been inai
bad slain. II
coumianders ol
his own toldie
lie had be) u in
againit bo(h •
ol my own rj
of the uiicerlai
their own wet
, «nd goldf M
rlaiiu now fir^st
aSvtliey please,
o (oreign war,
niurderiiig me
Jews, get it aiii
infamous pra<;
' loiiiii of lin o«
f ni d, that he
»ny of them w
(pdoHO again:
the legions, th
lucli as were i
tol^m. But i
wan ton hani I
and a vebeiiiei
and no passio
ness; othefw
IjhiiniU, and a
alitysit was (i
tion, (Kid turiii
their |M«8erVn
'thcreforeJ^'liK
iach a tUreK
against iiiedi^
go out still, an
»>}}' »taw them,
.iRilliiians spied
..pllljed (his pol
rwhich money
>vhiTeyet n g^
bare hop*' (111-
wliioh iniijerati
deserting to ri
(i. But as f<
{ilundcr the p
ege, and melt
ails, which hat
many of those
■uch as mini)
drons, the d|
. not abstain frc
sent (heii>by
nian'ci)ip«ron
♦ ^cplius, 1m
i), i^jitcews(lie.li
A(|iiiai(iii», Qt
/ Taciluit also (o
', Vi. 7, wtilcb (I
^
came ou(, and lor (hesc diii (Itssedidous scare
(liem all, lor (herj^was a gria( qltaudl) of giHd
in (he city , insoniui h ttiat as nini h w is now sold
[in the Roman cqinp] for tweksJUUc [drains,.^
i^
/.
DOOK V.-CIIAP. .Xtll.
■• W»i toM Miin tor IWf n»jr-five. liut whrn
thi* voiUnviinc)' »»«• iIuckhtkiI in on«/iniUnrti,
the fnwk o( il ail«<l Ihair tt vrrni ciiiilpn, thiti lh«
iliitrl<r^,c»m* t" l.h«-"> liill*lni>l.l. "Sii Iheiiiulli-
liiiln ol' lh« Ariilii«M*, « ith 1I141 Syriuiik, cut up
(liii«' llnil eiiiifi . M •upjilicmiU, miii ■•arvhiil
Hi^ir bclllMt Aiir ilite« n •criii to iiii>,^al »ny
liiitrry Urrt tin- Jt^wi, ihit wai iiiuro Icrriblv
thin thii, aiure in >»i>' iiikI'I'i tiiu* «buul Iwu
tii^unnitd ul' llic«« ilt'tiTli-ri wrr« tliii* iliMirteil.
9, Wlirii 'I'llua <'iiiiti! to (lu! knowlvilKi' ul' ihii
- wicked iiraclicr, lie liail j[iM«) bitvn lurruumlcil
thau' thai liHilbiTii Kuiltj^oT it with liii liorti',
■ml h«vp nhui tlit'iii: ilciul; and lie hiiil Uiiun it,
hot! iiottlhclr Miiiiibcr liicrn •<> ver^ Krtnt, itiiil
ihiMii tbiil Wiri' Uiilili! Ill llii« |)uiii«ftiuiit would
havK bt:tii iiiiMiiridd nioi'c lliaii.tt|u4e whuiii lb«}
bod ilMiil. lluw«v^T, lui called /k()((etliiT tUi;
comiimiiilfni of the Kpnimi UKioM».-(ltf'"<""«> "(
hi* owii lol.licr. |i«4H«iii aUft filittjS'lltriiii, a.
lie had !)«< u ilirui'iiiid,) ami bad Kreut iudiKiotli""
auaiiut Lulh lOft* ol tliciir: "VVbat! hbvr iiiij^
ol III/ own tukiieri done >ucli tiling* »• tl»'' ""'
of the uiii-erliiiu lii>j>i' pf fain, without ra^ardiiii;
their tiwn weaponii, which are made ol tilvcr
, and ifold f Moreover, do the Arabiuna ai\r.S)i-
' rihnil now firU of all hvpn l» novern thenHelvia
ntjOiev (ileBse, and to i/iilulK« Ibeir np|ii lilei in
n foreipn war, and Iheui out of their biiiharil)' in
niurdering men, uiul out uf their hatred to the-
Jews, gel it uiicribed to the Roniunii t" -^ fur tlilf
infiiiiioua iiriM'ti'-o wa« said to lie »pn ad iiiiiuiiK
' aoimi of ht» own iiofi|ieri;iil»o. Tnu* tlii n threiil;
fnid, that he would pu| »ni'h men to death, if
snj of them Wero discovered to bo au^naolt'nt ua
to do no again; oiorepvei^, he gave it ihch«rge to
the legioiu, tIAt Ibay ahuiuld make a search after
■uch aa were tunpectrd, and ahould briiij; thcin
tolt^iu. But it appeared, that tlie love oriiiciliey
wanton hani fu))° all their. dreiul of puniahnient,
and a vehement detiru of gain i* uulural to men,
and no paation U io ventureiome at coveioiiit-
neaa; otherwise audi pas^iiuna have certain
ubiind«, and are buliordiiiiile to fear: Itut in ru-
alilK't waa Go<l who oonderiineil the »vhole na-
tion, trnd turfiud every riiur»e that waa taken for
their |«*8erVation to their deatruction. Thia,
'thcreforej^'hich win forbidden by Ctt'aur under
gifch II threKteniiiji. waa ventured upon privately
agaiiiKt Uie d|Hcrl"^V*' and these barb;iriaiiH Hrouli^
go out a'till, and\iiniet tliose that ran away before
Wiy liiiw them, an>lj\iokiii);ubout Ihein tif aCe if no
Jll^mans apied . lltciH, they Uiaaecled theiii, and
nblHid ihia pollultiii iHoney lO"' "^ ''"^1'' howela;
"which money waa «tilt\(ound in a fcwof lhem>
>vliiTe yet a (Jveat many Vere destroyed by the
bare hop** there was of ftivi^a. getting by them,
wliiuli miijefablc ti'ealfii^iit niiliUi ipany that were
deaerting to return ba^k agiiin.inla the city.
Ij. liut as for John,*, when lie cBiuhl no longer
[ilundcr the peoiilc, ha betook hini*i;lf to aacri-
ege, and melted down iiialiy at the.aitcred uteii-
aiU, which had beeii given to thc'tt'liipUt^as also
many of thoae veaseU Which wisre necessii;y fop
auch aa miniatered "about holy things, |lhc^<^l-
drona, the iliabea, and tlie tables; nay, he (htj
. npt abstain froii tliuse pouring v« sscls that were
tent Iheiitby A^ugu^tua uiid hia wife; for the Ro-
man 'ci>ip«ror8 did ever both honor'au'd adorn
♦ j<iisi>pluia, holli licro uiid before, B. iv. cli, vlii. acrt.
4,eiiteem»tli6lanil iifiAxloin iHot aa part of llic lake
Aaiiiiallilia, pr unUcri.itii waterfi, but near it only, na
.'Taciluti also look tllctauiui! notion frdiii htm, lliat. v.
'. »i. 7, wjilch the grca^ Reland takei to fie the very
&46
thia temple; whepnfa lliia man, kho waa 1 Jew,
aeix^l tipou «tih((l Here the iKiaiitiona o4 foreign-
era, aiiil ajM<f'to thuae that ware wfth Iniii, that M >
wusjitMfier fur lheni>ti>'iue divine thin|a< while
litrfyntv lighting fur Ihe Divinity, withbut fca'r,
imil lha| auch whoilt Warlari' 'it for the Itmple
ahould live uf the ti'iniile ; uii whrch arcouiit he
1 mplie<l the vrai<eU til thiit aacrcd ^viiie and uil,
which the prieala kept III be piiiireduii thatburiil-
ofleringa, and which liiy in Ihe |nn< r cgurl of the
leniple, and diatributrd it tinoi|g thi^ miillitade,
who, in their anointing themaelvea, aiut drink- »
ing, uae(l leacll of theuij above a. bin uf them.
And here 1 caiihot but «|W'ul( my mind, ami
.what tho concern 1 uui under diclatisito me,
Vlld il ia ,thia : I •up'poae, that lii|d the Koiliiina
nnuU any longer ifilii) in coming >agaiii>t lhe>e
villain*, that tile city wuuld either have lieeii
aWAlluwed u|>by the groiHul opening U|><in llieiii, . ~
or been overllowed by water, or elue been de-
stroyed by auch thumltr ua thecoiintry ol,>siidiim
jH-riah/d by,» for, it had brought forth a gwiera-
lion of men much inure ailieialical than wtrc •
thoai' that auflered audi' liunishnieiitai fur by
their mailnesa il waa 'thaVall the |H'oplu canie to
be dt stroyed. .1..
7. And, indeed, why d(» i relate tfiene particu-
lar cnliiniitUa f while Munnmis, the aim of 1.nza-
mt, caiiie 'running tp,'J'itus'al thia very nine, and
,told1iim, tlmttW;/elli«d beeiicarried'uul ihr.Migh
tlwt lino giiU/V *liilShl' was iWr^is^ l.i his cure,
no Tewer than a humtrfd aiid hrieen'' tlinusiind
eight humlVed and eiglity ili aiUbodies, in llnuii-
lerviil lietween the fiWlflt'enth day of the mo~
Xanthicua, ["Niaan,] when the iKonianspilil
th'eir cnmp by the city, and the lirst d(ly oil
niiiuth I'uneiiins, L'i'auHit.j 'I'liia w^a itself' ^
ivwligiom niiiltilude; and though this man j«a»
dot hiitiaelf act as a^goVeriior at that gatlflfet
was he a,p|mintvU to pay tlie public atimniUor
carrying theac bodies out, and ao waa obliuid of
liecesaily to (Wmber tlieni, while ihe re>.t were •
hurled by thiir retutioha; lhou|<h lill their butial
wfa but thia, tu b^iiig them away, and ca>t them
oMt' of tllte city. Aftei' Ihia man there ran aiviiy
to Titus niany of Ihe eniiiient citizeiia, and Judd
him t)ur entire number of the, poor tliat Aeje
dead, and thai no ft;vver (4Uh aixhundVed Ihyu- '
sand were thrown out at the gates; tlHj»gli|lii ; .
I)|ie number of the real sguld iiol b« discmeild;
and they told hinf farther, that when tin y were
no lon;;er able to carry out the dead lindica of
the poor, tliicy laid tlifir cnrpaes on hiupa in
very large houses, and abiit them up therein; M
aNa,thatn niev^imnua 6f whiuit Was sold foil||L »
4alvnt, anil that when, a while afterward, it vVBr*? ,
not piiaaible tn gather herlia, by, reiisun tlic city >'
was all walled aliuut, some persons were driven Jf.
to thaj.terrible dislreaa aa to search "the cmumoii .]
ae.werji and old dunghills of cattle, and toeuttlie
dunjftAvhicli they got there; and what they of old ■
coulu not ciiduri; so much as to see tliuy not»
used for food. When the Romans barely heanj
all thia, they commiserated their cuj
acditioUB, who aaw it also, did
aullci-ed the »ame distreji* to r
scKei; fg> ihcy W);re blinded tiy
Was already coming upon the
thetu^elvea also.'
until, both in hia nolo bn^lhia iilorc, and Ip U> I'l
loia, i. n.244— iJ**; Iliouuli I rnUicr aii|i|1&K
lliat region of (.'chlaiiolia to I c now uiiiler (lie
oftlie south part #tliut aca, Imt perhaps
cOAntry. " *
Tl
"W
«',»■■
V
MO
WARS OF TItK JRW8.
BOOK vr. '
^ WHICH THB JKWi WEIIB tttUUCEUT.^THKTAKISO OP JBIllWAI.BM BV TITOB.
^
CHAP. I.
TKal M« Minritt c/ JA« /«u)i iliU /rr««» •«"••'
anJ Aou>(A< H<imai>i maJi an Wm«h/( I'pn IA«
' 'I'owtt i{f Jlnlonia,
{ 1. THtJ» dill tin- niiM-rin of J«'ni»»l«ni KT""*
tvorMi iiimI wi>ni« rvtry ilii},iiii(l lli<' ••■•lili'iut
w<:r« •''" """■" >rfii''i«'<l '>v ih' <iilnmili<'« tlmy
• w«r« uiiiler, «v«;« wliili' thti I'unuiH' iiri-yi'l «|'"ii
iTMiiiHvlvi'a, after it linil pri'Viil iijioii tli«' |)«"(ilt';
.■ml imlw^il itit' iiiiiI^IikIk i>i' <«rcu"f« thiit liiy in
h'eapt one upon iiiii)(lnr,-w»i ii liiirfilil"' »iKnt.
Bpd priMlilcml a panlilt-nliul ntcmll, wliicli «»•
■» »' hiniUrnnce (o llm»n linil Wftultl nmlm PBllirt
'•Ut of the jilly, nml IikIiI tlir Vnnuy; lint ni
thoio wiTK ti> go in hiitUf »rrn/, wlio li»'' '""^
■irtutly iiii'il lo ttn lli<iu>unil iiiMrilrrt, hui
trcftilupon llidnc ilviiil Ijoditu u« llw-
lilqngi no trtrt! n(>l liny tu'rrijlnl, >ui-
■ pily awn o» ih)-y innrrlud (|v<r tli
tliry (l(ti'4i| tjiio iill'ront oH'iri-d t>> I'x'
b« nny til olueii to Ihrniiilvit^Mit
(heir riitlit liilnda ulicndy pollulid ivilli tl
d»TH of llii'ir own connlryuicn, nml in Ihiil
iHlifoii run onl to li);ht nilh f.irii|;n<r»; lliey ••■•■m
Ip inti lolnivd cMst 11 rl'j>roiM;h mHiil Jind hiiim'tl,
ill if he wfM! too »low lii jhuiI^Iiiiik ihtni; for thy
. w»r Willi- not now ((one, on with* m if Ihfv had
nny bupe of victory! for thty gloried, nfltr h
lirutiali niannir, in that denpuir of dilivcrance-
they wir« ^Irtady in. And now thti Ronnun,
■lll'ibugh they wire greatly diitrcsiiiil in getting
. togetliir their Hiateriul*, raised their bauku in
on* and twenty d«y», after IhAy had riit diiWn
nil the trees that Here in the country that ad-
joined to the city, and that tor ninety furlongn
round about, a« I have already relutei*. And
truly the very view ittelf wai a melancholy
" thing; for llioae pluceit which were before adorn-
; cd with tree* ami pleaaaiil garden*, were now
bccoine 0, deiolate country every way, and its
• trees were all cntdown; nor coijidany foreigner
thai had formerly seen Judea and Hie most beau-
tiful suburbs of the city, and now.saw it as a de-
icrl, but lanitntnnd monrn'sadly ntiog^eala
change, for the war h»<f laid rfU tlm sign* otlieau-
ty quite waste j nor, if any one that Imil known
,the place 4)efbre, had comO' on a sudden to it
' now, would , he have known it-iii|{tiin: but though
he were at' the city itsellV yet would he liuvc
■■ inquired for it notwith«ta|«d«*gv '
2. And npw the baiikt wettu finished, they nf-
- "fordettik fowiiliitionfor fenr bcith to the lloinans
^ and to' the Jews; for the Jews ^^pected that the
city \»bMld be taken unless they coulil burn those
banks, as, did the Konmns' expect that, if.tliene
were oncy burnt down, they should never be *ble
to take It; for there .was a mighty -scarcity of
. niatcriaU, and the balhw of'tHc soldiers began
to fiiil with such hard labors, ns did their souls
' faint wiih so niuny instances of ill success; nay,
thte very calamities thi inselvcs that were in the
■ city proved a greater disconnigenieilt (o the-
RoinaiiH than to those within the city; for they
■. found the riuhliiig men of the Jew* to be not at
all WiiUificJ among, such their sore afflictions,
.while Ihey had themselves perpetually less and
'less hopes of sncce,'«s',iini| their banks were forced
to yield to the stratagems of the enemy, their
eiifr'ines to the lirninesA of tin ir wAll, and their
Imarin* that th* »ioliin«« of Ihair attack* m»*
invincible, and that the alacrity thejr ihowfil
would. not be discoumgrd by their calaiiiities;
for wlWit wouhl not tho«« he able to Iwar, If they
should be fortiinatr, who turned their vary uiii-
fortunes t" tlie improvinient of Iheir valorr
'I'iieie coinideralioiis made the Konians lo keep
■ slronK< r guard nliout their bank* than they
formerly had done.
3. Iliilnow Jfchn and hi* parly took car* for
securing lliini»e|ves hllerward, even in ca*« Ihi*
null •honhl bo throwji down, and tell to their
work before the Jialtering rams were broiiuhl
againstfhem. Yet «tid they not <n>i«|>a«« what
they endeavored to do. iVut a* they were gona
t with their torches, ihey came back under
cloirest lights to the ^wjldiiess of ilieir attack i
at jiliin'ouraKniient before ihey ruiiie Hear to
Milks; and the reasons were thes*i that, in
lirst pliic/i', their conduct di<l not seem to be
[iinlmous, hut ihey Wrtrt not IM diitincl parties,
d at distinct interints, ami lifter a slow mnn-
r, ami timoriMlsly, and, to say all iiv-n word,
ithout a Jewish courage; fur they »vere now
ifective iuwhat. is Jieeuljar to our nation, that
is. in boldness, in violence of assault, and in run-
ning uiani the eneniv all logsther, and iii perse-
vering in what they go about, though Ihey do
not at first succeed in It; but they now went aut
jn a more languid manner than usual, and at the
laniu lime found the Koiiinn* set in array, nad.,
more coiuajrijous than MiWnfity, and tliat they
guardeil their bank* both with their bodir* and
their entire armor, anil thi* to such a degree
on all siile*. that they left no room lot the fire to
get among them', aiid that cverv one of thi ii*«'ouU
were in such good cojirage, lljal they woujjl soon-
er die than desert tWitninks; for besidet their
piiotion lliatvall tfieifflfcbpcs were cut oil. in ca*e
these their work* were once burnt, the «oldler»
were greatly ashamed that »ubtil«y should quite
bo too hard for courage, niadiies* for arinor,
multitude for «kill, ami Jew* for Roniain. The
Konians had Jlow also anCither advantagi;., in that
their engincif lor ticgc* co-Operated with them lli
throwing darts niiJ stone* a* far a* the Jewsi/
when liiey were coming oiit of the city; whiida-
by the man that fell became an iinpediniifntyo
hiiii that was next^lfei, a* <lid the ihinger pf going
furthernlakj! them lesfiiealou* in their attfiiipts!
and for those that hajf run under the darts, -oine
of them were terrified by the good order imd
closeness of the enemies' ranks, before they
came to a close fight, ftnd others were pricked
with their spears, and tfjned back agaiji:. at
length they reproached one another lor tlieir
cowardice, and retired without doing any thing.
This attack was made upon, the first day of the
month I'anqmus [Taiiig*.] So when the Jew*
were retreated, tlic Romans brought their en-
giiies, although tliiy Tiad all the while stone*
^Mwn At tiieni from the tower of Antonia, and
j^re assaulted by fire and «wonl,and by all sort?
(Tf' darts which nec;essity ntforded the Jews to
make nse of; forUlthoagh tMe had great de-
pendence on their own wall, aiiih a contempt of.
the Uoman engines, yet did they .endtavor to
hinder the Roman* from bringing theni. iSow
'these Romans struggled hard, on the contrary,
to bring tlieni, as deeming that this leal of the
Jew* was in order to avoid any iinprysaigri to be
closest Ught^ to tlie t»QiUiie»s oi wir aiiaca; | made ofi the tower ol Antonia, because its wuH
and, what was tlieii- gfTeaiijUtiscouragiuneril of i was but weak and its loundations rotten. How-
all, they found the Jews' coOTageous souls to he Tver, thht to^vjt^ did hot yiehl to the bIo«r» given
•srauperior to the niultitmles of the miseries tliey i it from the eTgines; yet did the Roman* bear
were under, by givir seililion; their famine, and I the impressions made by their eneinie* (lam
' thd war itself, in*cmiuch that tifcy were ready to which were perpetually ca»t at Uteni, aoa Uitl
MM kIvi way lo any
upon ihimlruin uli..i
eiiKine* to bear. Il>
tlie other, Mii.l wiri'
tiirown down uinoi
their ■hiild* u«er I
their hinds, niiil (
partly Willi eroW»,
lioiK, and with grei
its stones. Thin i
' and put an end to I
howevir, that nigh
lhi'1>ulli iiii)( ruiii'.
used his stiutiigi'iii
Ihiir Ixiiik., tinit til
iJie null lilldoun ■
■I. \\ hill tills ac
p>. Illd, till lllllllK
allei'leil: lof lliijn)^
Ji n> iVMi(hl bi: ilin
thiir null HM<i uii
liad made no prui
fiull Irp thrtr cirui-ti
oiiiu Itself w^is "til
peetVd joy .,f th.
*o<iii ipicnclieil In
widl nhn h John ui
llowevi r, thr utttii
ed-iii bii eaiii i tha
it >C( mid II llMiig I
ittlirough till. p.itl
iio« ihiiiwn ooivn,
to 111 iiiMch neuki.
and ai I ordiiigty tli
been ereiteif <u'
ihuidd soon ii\ert
venture now to g>
a* first \intui'id SI
3. Ami now Tit
■ alacrity of -.ddiii
hopes ami li^ gou<
and promises do
the liaturils they
. death itself, got
Eart of liU army,
is men by thi sc
(•aid he) III iiiaki
what halli no per
ingloriovs to sncl
made; ailtl ini|iei
• enliortaliim nii ai
also. 1 theriliin
yught till II >>nly
a'lfe in a duii;iefou
of being alteiiili
accordingly , 1 an
you, that it is uiti
that it is jiropi r
for their vuUjr to
ca«es, will (hen t
. tiiowed, tliiit it i
and that the ci.u
unrewarded in ll
And let my fii»t
taki u from wlmt
•' louable to dissn:
and patience of
•liccesnes; for it
man* and my i>o
taught liuW to
beiin used to ei
rior lo Jews I it
courage of tlie.i
are at the cuml
•istcd.by Uodli
» Relalid lluU-s ll
Anliiiiiu aluixl liiltl
■ iljiiiiiill f f lo i
tlH'lice into 111" tii
tjee H. vi. iHk ii. w
t In this »|s'"i.'li
which the KiimHU
•taui of those wli<
Xi
I
nht uUt'wrtV til (IB)i ilf Ihow <l»«|[«r« ihM ' 111""' I
UlHMi lliiiii-lruirt nt)..«e, mi'l »«Hli.) l»rHii»IU lli.ir
niiiiiif* I.. liiiM . Hul Jh« u, •» tli< ) w« •« li« II. »ih I
«lii> i/lhif, "ImI «•"' •'""> V»iiiiimI«i<1 liy «tir »»""*• I
ttiniwM dim II ui»iii ihciii, *i.iii«i ul llirm ItirtW |
Ihiir ■lit.M» o«'r »li< ir IxmIh*, •ml (««rll) willl |
llmr liuhU, iiii'l ►"•('I) Wllbttnir liirtllM. himI
BHfll) Willi •■ru»». Iliij iiiKl»Hiiii!«il il« ««»''«•
tiuii«, niiil hUIi ({"■>»' P"i"" ''"> ni'i'ivvl loxr •'(
il< »luiin. 'Hiiii iii^iit i.ttiii" ifli'Hi liolli »«li».
■ mill |>ut mi • ill! {!' »lii« iitt"KI{''* ''"■
liimm r. tliiit iiikI'I •'" w" *»• .
ihi'lHilli'iiiiK nun- in tlml I'Imh wliim J.iliii liml
uni'il lin itiutiiK'"" til fi'fi-. »»■' I""' ii»»l«f»""*'
tliiir liiiMk., llMil Oli: Kroiiml tin » ««»« wnj^*""
iIk' nnll lillil'iuii ■iiilili'lil]''
't. W hill l>ii> iiriiiliiit tiiii
Willi Will ■■> tkukl Ml)'
ml iiiHupwIi'ill) hull!
iM.mil, 111" iiiiii'f- III b..»li |iurtii»win' wriuuiK
illiiliMh i..r lli.iMjili .iiui wiKil'l .»iHil tliiil thi;
JiH. \v.ii(lil In: .li.iMiiragiil. Iiiiiiii"!' "il" I'll! u'
tliiir iviill «ii. iiiirxiwitiil l>) tlii'i". mill • Hi
Uil iiinili lilt iuMM»ioii ill llml I •!•' • V ' '''•',"'')
pull Irp tlirtr cirMfnsi'i Ih-^hh'" «•»• ("Wtr "' Au-
loiii.i il«ll' w^i» ••ill ••"inlii'Ki »•«»»• »»'■ <""^Vi
piilVil jii> I'i til' Ifummii Jt till* lull "' ""• »""
rixiii iiiiiiiili. >l In iht •inl'l •'" ) *•'"' ."' "'''.•'''!'■
Willi «liii ll JkIiii iiii'l •''• ('"'■•) '' "" '""" *"'"" "•
llowtv.r, thf tilliiil* "f (lii« •! I "IkI Willi iivii'iif-
eil-l.i 111 iii-ii I tliiiii tllul III' till' liiniirr, Ikhiuhi!,
it .ei null n tlmiK III (jf<»t" >'•" i'"> V •*.' ' "I" '"
lltliriMiitli till iMitjiil tlir liiniiir wiill llii|t wiTi:
iioiv lliiVi« II oun II. 'I'lin ii'iv « I'll iil>H«''"« 'I »'y
tolii iiiMili ur.ikir lliiin tin t..«ii' ul AnliijiMi.
itiKt uniiriliiitl) tliu U.iiimn» l.u,l^lllllUlllll It liml
beiii triitcif miiiiiii ll <•» tin. ►mliUii, Hint tin)
ihoulil «ii«in <n.rtliri).v it; ji t iliil iiat «n> li"«ly
vriitiiii; MOW til K'l U|i 111 thiK Willi i fill lliiil (iu<- I
a« lifiit ». iiluK ll »o to ilii iiiiiit ll rtiiliil> !)«• Kiirul.
5. Aiici iKiw 'rilu'i, ii|)i)ii riiimiilvriitiDii tliul Uie
ftlacrily ul' ^..l.li^l•4 in wiir i» cliii Hy m. Mill liy
hoiiraaiHl lij g.iu.l wonlt. ihkI tliiil ••xliol'tiitioii.
■ii>l iiiuiiiiKi'- ilii fr.:iiui iitl> iiiiikt men to lorgi t
till) Inuttrtln tt») run, niij, noniotiim:* to il<»ni»«
dtiilli it.. If, gi.t t.iKaliir tli« in,..tcoiirj.gt.i.u.
part uf iiU urinv, ami Irii-il whttllif <oul.Ulo ivilli
Li»incii by lli.ii' imtlimln. "O filluw-«olil.i r*.
(•Hill ll.) til iiiiili'' ■ " tuliul-tntioii t" I'"" '•' ""
wliHt liutli 110 p.fil 111 it, ia OH tliut viry mcount
inislorioM" to «iuli to wlioui tlmi . xliortBtmn i»
limile; iiirtl imli ul »o it in, in limi tliul iimkra tlli:
. exliortuliim ini iiiKuiii.nl of lii* u'vii ^owunlicu
bUu. 1 tliLTi Ion tliinV, tliul ^.ucli . Kliort.itioiw
uUKlit til. II >)iil> to 111. made u-n of, win ii nlli.irs
aViua iluuji.lou- loiiilition, uml )it Bin worldly
of being altiniiitia by «:K^iy on»< tli<iii»i1vv.-i
accorilinglw I inn full) of tl..- .nni.' miiiiloii w»tli
vou, tliiil itii u ifillVi lilt tH«k to Kc) U|i lliin wall ; but
Ibut it is iiropir for tlio»tMfiat ilisir*; r(:|iutHtioii
for lliiir valor to ,trnggl« ivitli .liiriiultiis In nurli
ca«.», will flKii ii|>|i.»r. will 11 I liav. |)al'li(|) uriy
liiowiil, tli^.t it is u bruvv tiling toibo witli (;loi),
uiiil tliat till- ci.urajif Inn: Ull;l«^»l•y » lull not go
unruwarilid iatlio.i' lliul lir.t btgiii tlie atltiniit.
• • • ■• - -. •• •.."toltbf
thi>,v tia»t> h»«ii in»tiir«'> th' ii»iln»««»^
wliili- thur mill. iiiiK" ti«>< iHni-ivIti
vtliir, mill to III.' Mni'luw « tioil liiith —
ioiii lor an III lli« •iillliuiia lll»y havi' t>v
Itnii 111.' Iiiiiiiii. lh»y »r«' unil.r, iii»>l H"
tli.y mm . lulur. ,*miI tliv full ut lli.'ir « ill.
out ourtliKiiM). wliuliRii lliiy all In bui •! --^^^
tIralioiK III lioil • HiiKi r nKiiinat 111. m, ihmI of^W
•aainJaiiir nllurtU.I ual ll will uul l|yr*for« b*
proiwr for )oh •itlur loaliow jiiiura»|«i« inl«rlor
to lli(»» to wliciiii )iiu r.iillyiirv aiiiMrlor, or to
Intra) tliat .liviim M»i"l'ini.', wliti li i« all.inUa
yiiu. Anil null I'll, liow run il b.' i aliiiiivil otlrtf
wia.; Iliau a imf ami unworlliy tlilllK, that wlilU
llic Jvwa, kIioiiiiiI not b.' niui'li a-iiani.-il i. thrjr
Ihi il.a.ri<il, bn'Muaii tlii'y ban- limit bariml to
I tl.' «U»«'« I'l iilliiia. ill' y.l d.»|iiM' iballi, tlikl
' llify liiaj b.i»uiio liiii|f«f; WhI iIo mnk. .alllri
into tli'M ry iiiiilat ol u» bu|U.iilly. ml in liii|i*«
«if comiiii riiiK u<> but nun I) b,r »il«iiiioinliiiiio«
uf Ihiir louraRi'i w«, who bavr KiilK il |,<i.a. •-
•ion of alnioal all lli. worlil tliai br|..MK« • |l"i '
lu Uuil or •• a, 111 whinu it Will be It grrun aliaiiu'
if wi .111 tWTi iimimr ihiui, ilo not on.* umlrrtukr
ttiiv uttiiiiiit Mgiiiiiat onr «l»a.ini«.'a win rrlii lliir«»
ia iiiui ll dail((«r, bm.it atill iill.'. willl aui h l)'»"-
arina a» wi' liavr, ami only wail till tllv iHiiiine
anil forliiiK' Ui> our buaini .a lliuiiiai'lv.'.., ami tlii»
nlii'U w.: ban! il in our powtr, wltli aonir aniall
baiaril. In Ijaili all •'••l »«••' ib-'i""- •'"i' '' •*■•
Ul. uiilMbia towirof Aiitnnia, weBuIn lb.' city)
lu.r it tbi lu alniulil b.; any uior. occuaion bir ligbl-
iiii; ni£uiii»t tlioa.i williiii U"' fit*, wbiib I do not
auiiiioav till fi' wilK aiuilu wc aliall tb. ll b«i upon
lb.- tonof tin. Ilill,' »ml Im' upon our .11.11111 "be.
tuvK tli..y call liavf lak.n breatbi lli.« «ili'»i}
tair«a prolllia.^ ua no Itaa than ■ c«rla1ii and lua-
di'i virtiify- A* f""" •")"•'• ' •'"*" »• pf""'
waivv any coniiuendatiuii uf thoHi wlm <U» IB
«;ir,t anil, uiiiit to apeak of tb« iinniorlalily of
tboav mvii wlio »i« •lam in ll"-' "'''I*' "f tlicirinar-
tiul bravtry ; y«it cininot I forbear to ini|iri;cat«
uiMJii tlioti- who ar« of a lontrary diap<>»ilio»,
tliat tbty may die in time "f Jianct by ioiiie ill»-
Iciiipcr or utUer, tint); tlifir aoula are coiidciuncd
to till' BfavB, to(5itliir with tbuir bodica. Kor
to inr ijn.B, ••»(»••■;•■ •
what man of vtrtuf la th.ru who Uoea not Know,
that tho»« aoula wliiih are levertd from Ihalr
ll.ahly boilita in battlna by tlic iWord, ara r«rei»-
»d by the etiier, that pur.at ol itenunta, and
join.d to that cunpaiiy Ivbich are placed among
tliu alars that tlity become pod demoiia anil
iiruiiitioua lii:roe«, ami abnw tlicniaelvia aa aueb
■ .1 . -:'... ..*•,,.- »11
Ulll i-nn.^'i " •■• -"»--~ — - o
Ami let my limt aruMiinciit to Ui."*f Jo" ...
toki u from ivlnit probably aome «voulil|ffank reu.
aouable to liissuade Jbu. I mean tlie coii»t»ni;y
and uiitieiice of these Jews, evi n under tlleir ill
lUCCtsstBi for it is uiibicomiiigyou, who are Ko-
nmnauiul my ►ol.lUrs, who have 111 pi'acc lncn
iiukbt liuw to make wars, iinil who have also
bewioned to I'onuwr iu IhOae wijr«,.to be lule-
rlor to J<«« lilliei' in action of the bund.or 111
courage of tbe.soul, and this esjitiildly when you
nru at the coiiilmiion of your victory, unil are a«-
"aistcd.by Uodhimsell; fof aa to our misloi tunes,
•Holmid noli'!, hi.rc, vrrv prrliiiiMilly. liiat lli!) lowiirof
Anliiiiia .1U...I l.illli' r ilmatliu n...r i.r llio i,.nii.l..,.ir r..url
.iljniniii ^ ; 1» ii; uml Ihisl. ii''i--»iiliiii.'' y. ''"'V i/"! 'i"""
ffi".'ii.ti>tli'.'.'''"il'l'.''"''"^^
tibfi It* vi rikj' ii. hcci; •'i>
^In this »ii.ii.-li iifTilu. WW nuijfVli..nr1yiKf lhon..lion«
wbich Iho KiimHiu llm" liaJ «'' ilanlh, anil ol llM»»iO|iuy
iUUi of thoie wlio aied brui 1 ty in w»». and )lio conlraJy
to tV.ir poatrrity afterward 1 Wliilu upon tlioae
suuU that wear awajf in and with their disteipper-
ed bodiea, coiiiea a auburraneaii niirht to diaauWa
them to iiotbiiig, and a deep uljivion to take
uway all tlie rinieiiibrunce of tlicni, ami thia, not-
withstanding they be clean from nil apota and
deliUiiieiitij of till* world; ao lliat in thia caw.
tlienoiil at the aaiiie time coiiiea to tlic utinoM
bounds uf life, ami of ita body, and of ita nienio-
rial alio. Hut aiure fate hath dtlrrniiiied that
death is to' come of necessity upon atUnieu, a
»word isu better inatrumcpf for that purpoae than
any disease whatsoever. Why ia it not then a
very mean lli^ng for ua not to yiehl lip lliatto tb*
public b.;iiclit, which wc must yield up to fatal
And this discourse have 1 mad* upon the auppt)-
ailloii that those who at lirst all. nipt tu ^o upon
thia wall uiiisl need* be killed ju the atltinpt,
tlmugli still men of true couniKoHi»ve a chance
(o escuiie even in tb.r most haiard.Hn underlak-
inijs. Kpr, in tht first place that paM of tli* for-
i|ier wall that ia throw n down h eaalK to ^le ai-
pttatg of tliiMO wlitt ilioJ iumJily In tlipii boils li^ aicknaw.
.Iti-laiiil licie also iirnduci-'"- "•'"Hi I iiiii««»a«.\ tno on*
liul of .\nmiiaiins Maici
"it'iTaiiii iii'ii'iilso iirnduceslwii jiaralli I (>as««Kit»,\«hd OM
- - "■-- .||iiiu«. I'laas-iMiiiK till' Aijini, lip.
Iiiiluiililnwnhii
:il, that "ihi y jflily i l t l iai H i nii li n| i | i y i ...... -; — p
bfii in baltfi'.'* The othi-r of Vaiirms Mmniius, W), li
r. rt, Willi MV«, ihP riiiihri niiir t'lltils-ri ■•xull.il t*i», J»y
in ilio army, ai being to gu oplrf ll>« waiW glorip^y
and happily." - . ,
MKROconr mbumoH mr chmt
, (ANSI aiK» ISO' TEST CH*fT No. 2)
'rf'
.^i:
1.0
1.1
Itt
1m 12.2
£ |L£ 1 2.0
1.8
fflli
11.25 i 1.4
^^
■^r-.
i:;"'
;^ /IPPLtEQjM/lGE Inc
I8S3 e«l Mofo SIrnt
Rochnlw. Htm York uto* USA
(7t8) 482 - OMO 'fhon» ■ ■
(7I«) 288 - 5989 - Fox . .
M8.
WARS OF *rnE JEWS,
■v~^.
ceiided ; and for the new-huiU wall, it n en»(ly
dcitroyed. Do you, therefore, many of you, pull
up your courage, and *et about ttiiJ worl«, anil do
you mutually encourage and auitt one another;
{tod thii your bravery will »oon break the hearts
of your enemica; and perlmpa »uCh a ftlf*""''
undehaking ai youra i« in»y be accoiuplunecl
without bloodshed. For although it i»,J*i?|Jy to
be luppdtrd. that the Jewi will tiy to hinder you
at your first beginning to go up to them, yet
when vou have once concealed yourselves from
them,'and driven them awny by force, they will
not be able to sustain your eflortsngiiinst them
any longer, though but a few of you prevent
thein, iikI get over the wall. As for that person
who first mounts the wall I should blush for
shame if I did not make him to be envied of
others, by those rewards 1 would bestow upon him.
If such » one escape with his life, he shall have
the command of others that are now but his ecjuals ;
although it be true also, that the greatest rewards
will arcrup to such as die inlhc attempt."
6. Upon this speech of Titus, the rest of the
multitude were affrighted at no great a danger.
4Kuf 'there was one, whose name was Sabinus, a
soldier that served among the cohorts, and a Sy-
rian by birth, who appeared to be of 'very great
fortitude, both in the actions he had done, anil
the courage of his soul he hadshotOed^ although
any body would have thought, before he came
to his work,jthat he was of such a weak consti-
tution of body, that he was not fit to be a soldier:
for his color was black, his 'flesh was (can and
thin, and lay close together; but there w«s a cer-
tain heroic soul that dwelt in his small body,
which body was indeed much too narrow for that
peculiar courage which was in him. According*
|y7he was the first that rose up, when he thus
•pake': " I readily surrender myself to thee, O
Cffisar; I first ascend the wall, and I heartily
wish that my fortune may follow my courage and
my resolution. Andifsome til fortune grudge me
the succjEss of my undertaking, take notice that
' my ill success will not be. unexpected, but^that
I choose death voluntarily for thy sake.- When
be had said this, and had spread out his shield
over his head with his left hand, and had, with his
neht hand, drawn his sword, he marched up to
the wall..ju8t about the sixth hour of the day.
■ There followed him eleven others and no more,
that resolved to imitate his bravery: but still
this was the principal person of them all, and
went first, as elciftd by a divine fury. Now those
- that goaided the wall shot at them from thence,
and cast innumerable darts upon them from every,
side; they also rolled very large stones upon
them, which overthrew some of those eleven
that were with him. But as for Sabinus himself,
lie met the darts that were cast at him; and
though he~was overwhelmed with them, yet did
be not leave off the violence of his attack before
be had gotten up on the top of the wall, and had
put the enemy to flight: for as the Jews were
Mtonished at his great strength and the bravery
of his soul, and as, withal, they imagined more
of them had got upon the wall than really had,
they were put to flight. And now one <:annotbut
complain here of fortune, as still envious of vir-
tue, and always hindering the (lerformance' of
elonous achievements: this was the case of the
man before us, when he had just obtained his
pur&ose; for he then stumbled at a certain large
stone, and fell down upon it headlong, with .a
▼ery great noise: upon which the Jews turned
back, and when they saw him to be alone, and
fellen down also, they threw darts ntbim on
e»eryside. However, he got upon his kiipe, and
covered himself with his shield, and at the first
defended himself against them, and wo_unded
many of those that came near him: but he was
'- ■ ■ -. h \i rig''* hand, bv the multi -
nl length he was quite covered oyer Vith darU
before he-gave up the ghost. He was one who.
deserved a better fate, by reason of his bravery;
but. as might be exiwcted. he fell umler so vast
an attempt As for the rest of bis partners, the
Jews tlashed three of/them to pieces with stones,
ami slew them, as ll% were gotten up to the top
of the wall; the ofher eight being woumed, wero
pulled down, and earned back to the cump^
These things were done upon the third day,.ol
thi; month Panemus [Taiiiui.l
7' JS'ow two days afterward twelve ol tnese
men that were oit the forefront; and kept watch
upon the banks, got together and called to them
the standard-hearer oftlie fifth legton, and two
others of ajl^op of horsemen, and one trumpi t-
er- thesir went without noise, about the ninth
hour of the night, through the niins. to the tower
of Antiuiia: and when they had cut- the throats
of the first guards of the place, as they were
Bsleep. they got possession of the wall, and or-
dered the trumpeter to sound his trumpet. Upon
which the rest of the guard got upon the smUlen,
and ran away, before any body could sec how
many there were that had gotten up; for, partly
from the fear tirey were in, and partly from the
sound of thegirumpet which they heard, they
imaBincd Ihar a great number of the enemy
were gotten up. But as soon as Coesar heard
were gotten up. oui as suuii »= v,".=— ■■ ,- ,
the signal, he ordered the army to put on tlieif ,
armot immediately, and came thillier with hts
contiiianders, and first of all ascended, as did the
chosen men that were with him. And as the
Jews were flying away to the temple, they fell
into that mine which John had dug under the Ko-
■iien banks. Then did the seditious of both the
bodies of the Jewish army, as well that belong-
ing to Jobn, as that belonging to Simon, drive
them away; and indeed were noway wanting as
to the highest degree of force -and alacrity ; for
4bJy esteemed thcmsetvcs entirely ruined if once
the Romans got iiito the temple, as did the Ko-
mans look upon the same thing as the boKyuung
of their entire conquest. So a terrible battle was
fought at the entrance of the temple, while the
Roilii^ns were forcing their way. in order to get
possession of that temple, and the Jew* wejfe
driving them back to the tower of Antonia: in
which battle the darts were on both sides use-
less, as well as tl^e spears, and both sicUs drew
their swords, and fought it out band to hand.
Now diiring this struggle, the positions of the
men were undiatingiiished on bothsides, and_tney
fou"-ht at random, the men being intermixed one
with another, and confounded .by reason of the
narrowness of the place*, while the noise that
was made fell on the ear after an indistinct man-
ner, because it was so very loud. Great slaugli-
tcr was now made on both Mtf, and the com-
batants trod upon the bodie8,Wid the armor ot
those that were dead, and dashed theili to pieces.
Accordingly, to which side soever the battle m-
clined, thoJe that had the advantage exhorted
one another to go on. as did those that were
beaten make great lamentation. But still there
was no room for flight nor for pursuit, but disor-
dcrly revolutions and retreats, while the armies
were intermixed one with another; but those
that -were in the <irM ranks were under the ne-
cessity of killing or fteing killed, without any
way for escaping; for those on both sides that
came behind, forced those before them t« go on,
without leaving any space between the armies.
At length the Jews' violent leal was too hard lor
the Romans* skill, and the battle already inclined
entirely that way; for the fie|\t »»'' '"'^ Jl":?."; •*
the ninth hSbr of the night, till the seventh hour
of the day, while the Jews came on in crowds,
and had th? danger the temple was m for their
motive; the Romans having no more here than a
part of their army: for those legions on which
-*T^ — . 1 .1! *i.»t.l.l^*lAwi, i iitiif l . w e r e not Com » —
SdSgrun l \rtZdbee,klyen^imr;Vuirh;;o^
9^
r.
nOOK VI.-CIIAP. II.
540
of tliesa . ,
[it watch
to theoi "^ .
and two .'
trunipt't-
,he ninth
.he towet
B throats
ley were
, and rtr-
tt. Upon
c iiuthleiit
aee how
or, partly
from the
Brd, tbcy
he enemy
snr heard
on llieir- ,.
with his
as did the
nd as the
, they fell
er the Rp-
f holh the
St belung-
uon, drive
wanting as
icrity ; for
ed if once
lid tlie Ro-
bpniiHiing
battlt! was
while the
■dev to get
Jew* wert
kntonia: in
sides use-
sid«s drew
i to hand.
iohs of the
!s, and they
rmixed one
1900 of the
noise that
istinct man-
tat slaiigli'
d the com- '
e armor of
111 to pieces,
le battle in-
;c exhorted
3 that were
it still there
t, but disor-
3 the armies
; but those
nder'the ne-
without any
h sides that
em t4 go on, ,
the armies.
too hard for
eady inclined
I lasted fromo
seventh hour
in in crowds,
IS in for their
e here than a
>ns on which
v e r e i ytconw —
up to them. So it was ,»t present thought snf-. .
6rient by the Rninant (o taku posseaiiun ul' the
tower oi' Anlonia.
8. lllit ihiire »vn» one Juliiiii, a centurion, th»t
came from Hiliiyiiia, a hiiiii lie win i>f i;reat re-
putation, whoni'l hud furimrly sn n in Unit war,
Blid one of (he hightst fiiiiie, l»ith fur his skill in
war, his ttrenglh of body, iind'the courage of
his soul. This luun. sciing the Rpiirtui* giving
griiuml, and in rf'sad condilion, for he utooil bj'
Titus at the tower of Anioiiiii, Ifiiped out, iiiiil of
bimtelf alone put the Jews (o llight. Whin (liiy
were already conquerors, and made thoiii rtlirt
as fiir as Ino corner of the inner court oi«lhe
temple: from hint the multitude fleil awiiy in
crowds, as supposing that neither his slrinf^lh
nor his violent ntlacks could be tho«e of a nitre
man. Accordiiigly he rushei^ through the iiiiiUt
of the Jews, a» they we.e diaiiers'eu all abroad,
and killed those that he caught, ^'or, indeed,
was there any sight tliut appeared more wini-
ilerful in the eyes of Ciesar, or more terrible to
others, than this. However, he was hiinsilf
pursued by fate, which it was not possible that
he, wljo was' but a inortul inan', should escape ;
for as he had shoes all full of thick anil sharp
.nails,* 89 had every one of the other soldiers; so
when he ran on the pavenicnt of the temple, lie
slipped, and fell down u|Jon his back with a very
great noise, which was mhde by his armor.
This made those that were running away to turn
back; whereupon those Romans irfat were in the
tower of Antonia set U|i a great shout, as they
were in fear for the man. But the Jews got about
him in crowds, and struck nt him with their
spears and with their swords on all sides. JMow
he received a great many of the strokes of these
iron weapons on his shield, lind often atteiiiiited
to get up again, but was tlirO<vn down by those
that struck at him; yet did he, as he lay along
stab many of them witli his sword. iSor was he
spon killed, as being covered with his helmet and
his breastplate in ull those parts of his "body
where he might be iiiorlally wounded ; he also
f lulled his^neck close to his b(>»l y, till all his other
inibs were shattered, and nobody durst come t»
defend him, and then he yieldedto his fate. JVoyv
Ciesar was deeply affected on account of this
man of^o great fortitude, anil especially as he
wa« killed in the sight of so litagy peoule; he was
desirous himself to come to nis assistance, but
the place would not pvc him leave, while such
as could have done it were too much terrified to
attempt it. Thus when Julian had struggled
( * with death a great while, and had let but feW of
those that had given bini his mortal wound go olf
unhurt,, he had at last bis throat cut, thouglunot
without 8on»e difficulty) and left behind him a
very great fame, not only among the Romans,
andwitli Ciesar himself, but agiong his enemies
also; then did the Jews catch up his dead body,"
and put the Romans to^ght again, and shut theiii
up in the tower of Antonia. Now those that
most signalized themselves, and fought most
zealously in thi^attle of the Jewish side, ivere
one Alexas and Gyphtheus of John's party^ and
of Sinioor's party wer^ Malachias, and Judas the
son of Merto, and James the son of Sosas, the
commander of the, Idumeans; and of the zea-
lots, two brethren, Simon and Judas, the sons o/
Jairus. *
n ■ , . ■
* Mo wonder that this Jnlian, who hsd so manv nails in
his shoes, slipped uyoii the pavement lifthe temple, which
was smooth, and aid with marble of diflercnl colors.
t This vvtts a remarkalilA day indeed, tlin l"th of Pano-
■lai, [Tkmuz,] .A^D. 7(), when, according to Daniel's
prediction, G06 yelTs before, Iho Romans, iji hatja week,
camti the lutr^e aad oblation to ctaM, Dan. is. 27.
tat from the month of February, A. D. (M, about which
tino Vespasian entered oa this war, to this vi-rv time,
.. ma Just three years and a half. See Bp. Lloyd's Ta-
Msaof Cihronoloyy. published by Mr. Marshall, oo this
CHAT. II.
Hmo 'J'idii l^avt OrJtrt to Jtmnlish the Towir
nj' .'Ininnm, and Ihtn iicniiailrd Jvtiphut to .
ixhort Hit Jeu$ again{tt>a Surrtndtr.]
{ 1. And now Titus gnve oTjicrs to his soldier* '
that weri' with liini tu liig up (hC fouiiihitions of
file tuwi r ill' Antiiiiia, hikI make hint a ready,
passage tor his army to cuiiie ui>; wliile he him-
self had Joseiihiis brought to tiim, (lor he had
been lnf).iriiie>l, tlm^ on that very day, which was
the seventienlh ilay of I'aiieiHus, [Tiiniui.-f J the
siiCrllice called llie ilnily sacrilicv had failed, and
hiid not been ull'ered to liod for want uf men ta
otlir it, and tliut the people were grievouiiljr
Iruubleirut il,> and coinmunded him to say Iha
same things to John lliiit he had said before, that
" if he hail any malicious inclination for lighting,
he might collie out with as many of his men as ha
pkused, ill order to light, wilhout^he. danger of
destroying eitlier his Lily or teiii|)le; but that ha
desired he would not defile the teinple, nor thereby
olleiid against (iOil: that he might, if he jileasedi
oiler the" sacrilires which vvtrn now tlisconli^
nued, by any of the Jews whom be should pitch
upon." Upon this, Josephus stood in such a
place where he might be heard, hot by John only,
out by iiiaiiy more, and tiien declared lo them
wliat iL'a'siir had given him in charge, and this in
the Hebrew langiiage.J So he earneslly prayed
them "to suiire their own cily. Bud to prevent
that fire vvhy.-h was just ready to seize upon the
temple, and to oiler their usual sacrifices to God
therein." At these words of his a great sadness
and silence were ol>served among the people.
Hut, the tyrant himself cast mnuy ,*reiifoaches
upon Josephus, with imprecations; and nt last
addi'd this withal, "that he did never fear the
taking of the city, because it was (Jod'sown city."
In answer to which Josephus said thus with a
louil voice;, "to be sure, thou hast, kept this city
wonderfully pure for tlod's sake! (he temjile also
contilTlies entirely unpoirutei|;fc&Npr hast thou
been guilty of any impietv agMq^iiii (or whc^e '
assistance' thou hopest ! t^QaHjiil receives his itc-
customcd siicritices! Vile vwAch Xhat tlirou art!
IT any one should deprive .iht** of .thy daily food,
thou wouhlest esteem hila t(>. be an enemy to
thet'; but thou hopest to have that (iod for thy
supporter in this war, whom thou bast deprived
of his everlasting worship; and thou impiitest
those sins to the Komaiis, who to this verj; time
take care to have our laws observed, ami ainiost
coiiipel these sacrilices to be still offered to (iod,
which have by thy means been intermitted. VVho
19 there that can avoid gniaiis and laniehtatiphs
nt the amazing change tllat is made in this city,
since very foreigners and enemies do now correct
that impiety ivhich thou hast occasiba«d :, while
fiiou, who art a Jew, and wast educated in our
laws, art become a greater enemy to them thaa
the others. lJ.ut still, John, it is never dishonor-
able to repent, and anieml what bath been done
amiss, even at the last cxtreinity. Thou hast an
instance before thee jn Jechoniah,} the king of
the Jews, if thou hast a mind to save the city,
wh^ when ihe king of Babylon made war against
him, did of his own accord go out of the city be-
fore, it was, taken, and did undergo a voluntary
captivity with his family, that the sanctuaiy
niight not be delivered'up to the enemy, and that
year. Vor is it to bo omitted what very nearW coo-
iirms this duration of the war, that Tour years befoio
lliu war bcKan was somewhat above sovon years five"
months' hel'ure tho destruction uf Jerusalem, chap. i.
sect. 3.
.tThosamo that in. the New Testament is always so
called, and waSlhcn tho common language of the Jews id
Jndea, which was tho Syriaa diaiuch
$ Our present copies of tho Old Testament want this
encomium uptia kini; Jechoniah or Jehoiachun, which il
stems was in Josephus's copy.
%\
6&0
WAK3 OF THE JEWS.
h< mieht not i«e the houie of Goil lel on fire, ]
on which .ccount he it ctUbreted an.onfi*U the
Jevnii in.their iacrwl iiieiiiormlt, antl Jiu '"«"'"'}
ii become imiiiorfuJ. »ncl will be cpnvejea.lre.h
down to our po.terily through all agei. 1 Ih».
Jphu, ii nn excellent example m »"«;•"'.''•""',?'
(lanKer; "n'l • ''»'« venture to pro«ijf, that the
Koniani .hall «til| lorfrive tliee. An<»*ak« •">•'««•
thkt >, who make thii exhdrtntiort to thee, aiu
6ne of thine own nation; 1, w''o. ^"' » •'^■"'' ^''
■1»r»ke thi. promite to thee. And it wilUxcoWe
thee to coinider who I am that give lh«e thi«
couiitel, and whence I em derived; for while i
am ali»e I "hall never be in »iirb ilSvery, a« to
forego mv own kindr«U, or forget the law. of <>ur
forehtheM. Thou h»it indignation at iiic again,
and niake»t a clamor at (ne, and reproachrit me;
indeed, 1 cannot deny but I am worthy of wor»e
treatment than all this nmounU to, bccaune in
opi)0»itio» to fate 1 mako^this kind invilutionto
thee, and endeavor to force deliverance upon tlio^e
whom God hath condemned. And who u Inerc
»that does notkiiow what thewritiiigsof the ancient
lltophets contain in them; and particiilarh t""*^
ortcle which is just now going to be fulftlled up-
on thii niisirnblc city'!* tor they foret.ild t lat
- this city should be tHke<> when somebody shall De-
Kin the slaughter of his own countrymen. Aha
ire not both the city and the entire temple now
full of the dead bodies of your countrymen I It,
i»God,t,lhtrefore,itisGo(lhiiii«elf,whoi9bring-
ins on this fire to purge that city and tf mp e by
means of the Romans, and is going to pluck up
this city, which is full of your pollutions. ' •
2. As Josephns spoke these words, with groans
and tears in Jiis eyes, his voice was intercepted by
sobs. However, the Romans couhl not but yUy
the affliction he was under, and WMder at bis
conduct. iJut for John iind th09E,llUit were
with him, they were but the more exasperalcU
against the Romans on this account, and were
desirous to get Jo»cphu3 also into lh< ir P^f";
• yet did that discourse inlluencc a great ma% oj
the better sort, and truly some of them were so
afraid of the guards set by the sedilious, ttiat
they tarried where they were, but still were sii.-
tisfied that both they and the city were doomed
to destruction. Some also there were, who,
watching a proper opportunity, when they niigbt
quietly get away, (led to theiRoninns, ol vhoin
were the high prjests Joseph mid Jesus, anil ol
the sons of the high priests t<|ree, wh"se father
was Ishiiwel, who was belieadeil in Cvronc, and
fear of the like treatment. This trick of their*
succeeded now for a while, as did the like lric«
before; for the rest wire hereby deterred Iroin
deseiling, by fear "f the like treatment.
3. However, when Titus had recalled tlioso
men from liophnii, he gave orders that Chry
should go round the wall, together with Jose-
phus, and show themselves to the people; upiin
which a great many lied to the Jtonmiis. I lies*
also got III.U great number togelber, and stood
before the Romans, and besought the teditiou«,
with groans and tears In their eyes, hT the first
place to receive the Romans entinlv >nto the
city, and save that their own jdnee of residence
nitnin; but that, if they wofifd not agree to such
° I .1 ."I. I ..ft l..n>< ili.iinrt nut Of
foL'r'soiis of Matthias, as aUo one son o'f the Other
IV after his father's death,(
Matthias, who ran away mrei ■■■= .•..—. --,
and whose father was slain by Simon the son ol
Cioras, with tliree of his sons, as 1 have already
related ; many also of the other nobility went
over to the Romans, together with the high
priests. Now Caesar not only received these
hien very kindly in other respects, but, knowing
they would pot Willingly live after the customs of
Other nations, h* sent them to Gophna, ami de-
tired them to remain there for the present, and
told Iheni that when he was gotten clear of this
war, he would restore each of them to their pos-
sessions »gnin; so they cheerfully retired to *nt
tmall city which w?s allotted them, without tear
of any danger. But as they did not appear, the
leditious gave out again, that those deserters
were slain by the Romans, which was done in
order to deter the rest from running away, by
•Of this orarlo, see the note on B. iv. ch. vi. sect. 3.
tJoMphus, both hero and in mniiy places clsowlic/c.
•peak* so, that it is most evident he was fully siVtii.tiod
that God was on the Ilomaiis' sido, iind maUn use ot llicm
now for the dostruclionof that wickod imtiimof thcJows,
Which was, for nertoin, the truo stale of this malter, as
the prophet Daniel first, and. our Saviimr himsflt Jittyr-
n^proposal, they would at least depart out of
the temple, and save the holy house for their
own use; for that tlie Romans would not venture
to set the sanctuary on fire, but under the most
pressing necessity. Yet ilid the seditious still
iiiore und more Contradict them ; and whiW they
cast loud and bitter reproaches upcm these de-
serters, they also set their engines for throwing
of dnrls and Javelins, and stones, upon the sncred
gates of the "temple, at due distances Irom o^ie
Snother, insomuch, that all the space round abi»ul
'within the temple, might he. compared to a bury-
ing ground, so great was thf number of the dead
bodns therein; as might the holy house itself be
comiiared to* citadel. Accordingly, these men
rushed upon these holy places in their oriiior,
thiit were oti(|JJrise unapprodchablc, and that
White theirJJi^fcre yet warm wiilf the blood
of their o»^^^P which they had slfed: nay,
theypriMflHHp"'-'' gfeattFaii.ygresslonS,, that '
the very Mi^Kidignatioii which Jejvs Wiinld
ntftiiratly.1i)tve'^ainst RoniUns, hnd they bjwi .;'
guilty oj^uch abuses against them, the Roman* " .
had now against Jews, for their impiety in rb-
ganl to their own religious customs. A ay, in-
deed", there were none of the Roman soldiers,
who did not look with a snCred horro^ upon the
liolv house, and adored it, and wished that the
I robbers would repent before their miseries be-
came incurnble. .v . . i .u
4. jSovv Titus was deeply affected ffith this
stale of things, and reproached John and hu
imrty, and said to theiu, " Have not you, yilc
wittches thafvou are, by our permission ■put up
this partition wall before your sanctuary?} Have
not you been allowed to put up the pilhirs there-
to i)elonging, at due distances, arid on it to enf-
grnve in t;ieck, and in your own lettersjthis pro-
fiibition. That no foreigner shouhl go beyond
that wall? Have we not given you leave to kill
such as go bejond it, though he were a Roman?
And what do you do now, you pernicious villains?
Whv do you trample upon dead bodies in thii
templt'? and why do you pollute this/ holy house
with the btood of both foreigners and Jews them-
selves? T appeal to the goils of my pvu country,
and to everv god that ever had any regard to this
place, {fori do not Suppose it to he now regartj-
cd by any of them ;) 1 also appeil to my own
army, and to those Jew* (hat are now with me,
and even to you yourselves, that I do not force
you to defile this your sanctuary; and " yo"
will but change the place whereon you will fight,
no Roman shall either come nearyour sanctuary,
or oiler any afiTrOnt to it: nsy. f will endeavor
to preserve you youB holy |iou«JB, whether you
I or not."]|
wil
ou youB holy homl
Sronhet Uaniel first, ami our paviimr inn™.. ...'>■-
, had c l ear l y furctuld. See Lltl 'i al Aiixiinp. of P r o
it, as here. The former nccoupt, is, in all problibihty, the
truest; for had not that fourth son escaped bcfiiro, the
others were caught and put to death, he had U.cu caught
niul iiuMo death with thnm. This last account, tlicretoro,
looki Ulic an instance of a sinall inadvertence ol JoscrittS
in the plocQ bcfure us. . _ _,...
SOf this iwrlhion-wall, separating Jews and Gentiles,
with iis pdlnnand InscriiHiuii, ^eo the de»"'P"°" "' '"^
ward, had clearly forcioia. Dec i.iicnu ^t.»,..., - i^mvWt "cli it
"^T/JiJtA befi^re t..d us. B. v. ch. xiii. sect r j;!;!^^:;^^::^:!:::^ J^^ ^:<^^^:^
IKXIK VI.-CHAP. II.
551
/
r their*
f trice
(1 I'ruin
I tliosn
It they
h Just-
:; upi>ii
'I'hii*
(I atciuU
rditioui,
the fir'nt
(nto the
iaidcnco
to siirll
. out nf
for their
vciitiira
hv lunst
oDS atlll
iilo they
llPSB d«-
ihrotvine
ic sncreo ^*
rom one
nd abftut
OH bury-
the <l<ia(l
itself be
he»€! nlen
ir oriiior,
anil that
ihe blood
tVed: nay,
ionS,, that '
v» wfliUd
hey bjwi .;'
B Roniana "! .'
Bty in 'b-
Nay, in-
I soldiers,
• upon the
I that the
series be-
with this
n find his
you, vile
on 'nut up-
ry ?} Have
liirs tlierc-
n it to enf-
SvthJs pro-
go beyond
ave to kill
a Romnii?
lis villains?
ies in thii
holy house
lews them-
m country.
»atd to this
ow regard-
to. my own
V with me,
) not force
and if you
II will fight,
■ sanctuary,
II endeavor
'Aether you
obability, tin
led Iwfiirotlie
1 iHicn caught
int, ttorcforo,
and Gentiles.
sription of the
ri'ct ocrationi
[rulionuftbuir
and constantly
t, Ai Josephui einlained these things from the
■OUth of CsBsar, bolll the rnbbem iiiul the tyrant
thought these e»h()rt«tiiin^,.prprei(le«l from Ti-
tus's fear, ami iiot from his|c<><>il-*vill to them, and
STW insolent upon it. Hut when Titus saw that
tse men were ilKither lu l)e moved by com-
■i>«eratiun towards themif Ives, nur had any lun-
cc'rn upon tlirni to ha\t )hc Ix^y house spared,
be proceeiled unwillinKl) toEO ouh|;niu with the
war ngninrt them., fli cpuHl nnt imleed bring
ill his army against thenii Ihe place wa« to nar-
row; hut Hioosini; thirty soldiers of the mo>t
valiant out of every liiindreil, and committing a
thousand to each tribune, and making Cerealis
the commander in chief, hn gave orders that they
should nttark the guards of the temple about the
ninth hour of that ni)^hl. Hut as he was n^w in
his armor, And preparing to go down with them,
hif friends would liot let him go, by reason of iht^
neatness of the danger, an<l what the com-
u)anders siicrgcslcd ti> him; for they said, that
"he would ilo more hy siltiiig-al)ove iiuthe tower
of Antoniii, ns a dispe'iser of rewarcTs to those
(oldiefs tliiit nigiialized themselves in the fight,
than 1^ ciMiiing dow'n, uiid hazarding his own
person in thii mrefront of them; for thut they
would all light stoutly while Cii-iar looked upon
them." Willi this advice C»'S»rcom|)]ied, and said,
that " the oiily reason he had for such compli-
locc with Ihe sohliers was this, Uj||t he might be
■hie to judge of their courageoos actions, and
that p» valiant soldier might lie concealed, and
miss of his reward, and -no cowarilly soldier
might go unpunished; but that he might himttelf
•• bean eyewitue»«i, ami able to give evhleiice of
(l| tjiat was done who was to b<^ the ilisposcr of
punishments and rewards to them.'' So he sent
the sohliers about their work at the hour jfiir*-
mentioned, while he went out himself tuahlghir
place in the tower of- Aiitonia, whence he mi|!;ht
tee what was done, and there Waited with lui-
patience to sec the event. ^
6. However, the xildiers-that were li'iit did
not find the guarils of the temple asleep, as thry
hopcil to have donie, but were obljgcd to fip:ht
with tluun iinmetiiaK<ly IramI to >hSiid, as they
riished with violence upon them wirh n great
. ihout. Now, as soon as the rest within the tem-
ple heard that shout of tlii>»e that were upon the
watch, they ran out in troops upon them. Then
did the Romans receivAhe onset of Ihose that
came first upon thctn; bitl those that fdlowed
them fell upon their own troops, aiid in^ny of
them treated their own soldiers as if they had
beep enemies; for the great confused noise that
was made on both sides hindered them from <lis-'
tinguishlng one another's voices, as did the dark-
less of the ni«5ht hinder them from the like dis-
tinction by the sight; besides that blindness,
jrhich arose otherwise jlso froijuhe passion aiid
the fear thejj7TVrt*-in at the same time, for
which reusoiFMsWas all one to the soldiers who it
iVBi they struck at. However, tWs ignorance
4id less barni to the Romans than to the Jews;
Oecause they were joined together under their
ihiekls, and made their sallies more regularly
than the others did, 'and each of them remem-
bered their watchword; while the Jews were
p«rpe(iially dispersed abroad, and made their at-
tacks and retreats at random, and so did fre-
quently seem to one another to be eneiniei; for
every onp of them received those of their own
' men thatcume back in the dark as Romans, pud
' Bade an assault upon them; so that more of
them were Woiindcd by their own men than hy
the enemy, till, upon the coming on of the day,
the nature of the (iglit Was discerned by thfe eye
afterward. Then did they stand n battle nrray
in distinct bodies, «nd cas^t' their darts regularly,
and regularly defended themselves, ^ur did
either side yield or grow weary. The Romans
ronlendtd with each other who thoiild fif^ht th«
most streiiufiiisl), both single men and entire re-
giilients, as being under tlie eye of Titus; and
t<v< ry one ciincliided that this day wiHihl iHgis
hit pniiiiolion, if he fmiglit bravely. Whatwer* ^
Ihe great encounigemenis of the JeW« ti) act vi- ""^
gorously, were llulrfiarfor themselves and for
the temple, and the presence of their tyrant,
who rihorled some, and beat and threatened
others, t(» act rouriig4'Ously. Now, it .m> happen-
ed that this fight was lor the moat p.'irtje station-
ary one, wherein the soldiers wetR i>|l<wid can a
back in a short time and suildi nlvtf f(A' nU;re was
no long space of ground fo?H?ner iheiKflighlt
or pursuits. Hut still there was a lumulliious
noise among the Romans Irom the tun) r of An-
tonia, who loudly cried out upon all orrasioni to
their own men to press on courageously, when
they were loo hard for tl* Jews, and to stay,
when they were retiring backwanl ; to that here
was a kind of ttieaire of war; for what was duns
in this light coulil not lie concealed either from
Titus or from those that were about him.' At
length it appeared that this tight, which began at
the iiinlh hour of the night, was nut over till patt
the lil'lh hour of the day, and that in the same
place where the battle began neither parly l>ould
say tluy had iiiaife the other to retire; but both
the armies left the victory alimist in iincerlainty
betweeif them; wherein those that sisnalii.ed
themselves on the Roman side were n great
many, but oti the Jewish side, and of those that
were with Simon, Julias ine son of Merto, and
Simon the son of Josiqs; of the Idumeans, James
and Simon, the latter of whom was the sin of
t'alhlas, a(|d JiMiirs was the sonof Sosn«; of llio*»
that were with John, (iyptheus and Alexas, and
of the lealots Simon th»! son of Jairiis.
7. In the mean time the rest of the Roman
army ha<l, in seven days' tinier overthrown
rsoiiie] fciundationt of ihe'lower of Anionia, and
had made n ready and broad way to the li inple.
'I'lien did the legions come rtenr the first eoiirl,*
and began to raise their banks. The oiie bank
was over against the northwest corner of the
inner temple ;t another was at ihht norllierii
edifice which was between the two gales; and
of the other two, one was at the western cloister
of the outer court of the teinjile.t the other
against it^s northern cloister. However, these
works were;."Tli11s far advanced by the lioiiians,
lint witrH>ir^rre.a't pnins and dinicully, and parti-
(idaily by'Tieing'-'Oldigeii to bring their materials
from the distance of a hundred furlongs. They,
had farther difficulties also upon them, somi.'-
times by their jover-great security they were in
that they should overcome the Jewish snares
Irfiil for them, and by that boldness of the Jews
wliicli their despair of escaping had inspired
them withal; for some of their horsemen, when
they w«;nt out to gather wood or hay, let their
horses feed, vvithont having their bridles on
during the tjnte.j.if foraging; upon which horset
the Jews sallied out iji whole bodies, and seiied
them, Aiid when.lhis was continually done, and
Clcsar believyd, what the truth -was, that the
horses were stolen more from the negligence of
his own men than by the valor of the Jkws, he
determined to use greater severity to /Oblii^e the
rest to lake care of their horses; so he com-
manded that one of |ho8e soldiers who lost their
horses should bp ca{>itAlly tmnishett; wherebjr
be so terrified the rest, that tliey preserved their
horses for the time to come; for they did not
any longer let them go from them. to. feed by
themselves; but, 89 if they had grown to them,
they weflt always along 'with them when llieT
wanted necessaries. Thus dfd the Romans tlift
continue to make war against the temple, and to
raise their banks against it.
8. ticm, after one day had been interpoted
Wwred to save both, it hero and everywhere mott evi-
dent in Jowphni.
•Court of the Genlilos t Ooart of Iitaol.
t t^ttrt of the (tentilM.
. 2.x.-,.
&58
WAHS or tllF. JKW;
V
A
irnco llio Romsiit Mecnded Iho brtnoli. ninnv of
Ike MclLliou* W*'" •" pfW'' ''y '''" ''""!'" •
upon Ula^liriKriil I'liilurii of lllcir n\%r; llmt
■ Ihry K"' I"!?"-!!)"!-' iiml idhiIk an nlHii'li <>» "">"'
Romi.i. IfiiWisl* »I>«1 w,:ic iilion lli.'^Mom.t uf
Oliv.n, ii<tir tlii« sliuiit llie <i<v.iilli hiuir ..1 tl>e
d»y, in Mi|i|..>«in!|; liiil. lliitt Hi<7 whuIiI ni't < «'
pert «uill »n <Hi»< t, unci, in llic nixl pln.f, lliitl
Ihry «y«rc iIh.ii tiikiiii; rnio i)f tlicir Imilicii. hoiI
tliHt tlviiit'luri' liny kliouUI viry «n»ily licnl ttuili.
But llie Kimiaiw wciiMipiiriitd of itifircimiiiiB
to attii(.k tlmm l"f'>"llninl, nml ruiimti)F togfllur
/roiii tln^ iiei(;lil)oriii(c iMnip* on the iiniliU;n, iirt-
Tented tliiin from ifi^Uing ottr tlnir (orliluullon,
OP forciMB the Willi thnt wm liuill nbont tliim.
Upon thli! fniiic on a flinrp light, and htre iiiBiiy
■ rrcHt nctioH* Htre prrlornicil oo uoth siiu'h;
while the Roinani uliowiil IjoUi ll««ir counige
and th<iir skill io war, a^ did thr J*w« ronii» on
Uieni with timpoderatc violence, and intole rnhle
pasnion. 'I'ho one iiart wire urfced on hy ulianu!,
and tlic other by nfcesnly; for it •eeiiiid a very
ihanirful thing 'to'tHe.Koniant to lit the Jews K(V
now they were taken in a kind of nit; wlid^ the
Jews had but one hope of saving thrjn»ilv<ii, and
Ihat was in rnsf they could liy vioUnic br< iik
ilirough the Kohian Wall; and pne whoKc niiiiio
was IVdaniOT, belonging to a party of horsemen,
wlien the Jews were already Ijealtii And forced
down into the valley together. Blurred his horse
on their tlankj»ith great vehenicnlHf, and canght
up a certain young man belonging to the c in my
-M-
by his ttnclu,'ns he^as running away; tlie.ijmn
was, however, of a robust body, and rn his tir-
mor;so low did I'tdanius bend liiinsrK dovvn-
Ward from his horse, even as he was Kalloimig
away, and so great was the strength of his right
hand, and of ifce itit of his bod v. as aUo such
ikill had he in horsemanship. So this man seind
upon that his prey, as upon ff pncions tfcasure,
and carried him as his captive to Caesar; where-
■pon Titus adnlired the man that hod seized the
other for his great strength, mid ordered the
man that was caught to be punished [with death J
for his attempt agaiii-'l the- Roman wall, but be-
took himself to the siege of the temple, niid to
pressing on the raising of the banks. ^
9. In the mean time the .lews were so distr«'ss-
cd by the fights they had been, in, as the war ad-
Tanced higheraiid higher, aiujrrceping uj.to the
holy house itself, that the^ fi« It were, cut od
those limbs gi their body which were inttcted,
in oi^cr to prevent the distemper's spreading
farther; for they set the noHhwest cloister,
which was joined tq the tower pf Antonia, on
■fire, and after that brake oil nlmut twenty cubits
of that cloister, and thereby made a beginning
in burning the sanrtuary; two days after which,
or on the twenty-fourth day of the forehamcd
■ month, [Fatiemus or Taniui] the Romans set
fire to the cloister that joined to the other, when
the fire went fifteen cubits farther. The Jews,
in like manner, cut oft" its roof; nor did they en-
tirely leave otf what they were aboiit till the
tower of Antonia was parted froni the temple,
•Ten when it was in their power to have stopped
ti>e fire; n»y, thfy lay still while the temple was
first set on fire, and deemed this spreading of
the fire to be for their own advantage. However,
the armies were still fighting oneagainst another
■bout the temple, and the iviir was managed by
continual sallies of particular parties against one
^'another. .
' W. Sow there, was at this time a man among
the Jews;- low o"f stature he was, and of a des-
picable appearance; of no character cither as to
hil family, or in other respects-, his liame was
Jonathan. He went out at the high priest John s
monument, and uttered many insolent .things to
"V r, '- ^^J .-U..ll«nn>A.I t^Ka KoCt rtt tHPIll nil
Some of thein nljoTcnsonrd lliu*»nn(I tfiat justly
. nou^'h, tliat il h:i» not fit to fight with a mnii
tlial <le»)r<il to die, because iUon that iitli rly
de«pair< d of di livt lanre had, beside ollw r pa,-
flan., a vi.dence in all»rl.iiiK "" » ''"'« •".''>' "P/
lie oppoied, and hud no rfgiird tn ttod luii..<^r;
and tliiit to hawrd one's s'lf WH'' " I'"'"'"'
whom, if joii.oviniiiiie, you do no gnat inalt.T.
ami by HhoiiV it i« Immrdoiis that jou may la-
taken 'pfi*'""'' ""n''' '"■ "" '"••■"i"- ""' "'
iiinnly rourac"-, but of uiininnfy iiishiuw. So
there hi iiig nobody that came »u< to acii pi the .
man's rhallijige, and the Jew cutlinn tlieiii aviIIi
a great numlx r of n nronrlies, as eowiiTds, (lor
he whs a very hainility I""'' '0 ''""",' ''• '""' * '
.grf'nt ilc'.piser of the ItomOnii,) oufc who'e niMne
was I'liili lis, of Ih* body of horsmii ii, oot of Im
abonrHialion of Jlie other's words, and of liH lin-
pndiii.:e nithiil, and peihifps out ol au uirun-
liderate airogince, on arroiiiit of the olliirs
lortiie'f of »lalure, ran oiit lo him, and »"< loo-
hard fur him in otiiir lespecls, but was belnvf eil
l.y his luitune: forhe f, II down, aildnr ).- "'I'
down, Jonathan c:iiiie running to hini, wjur!*,"' m*
throat, ami tlien sHiiiiring jit;on hi" diainK»ly,he
braiTilith.d hi^ sw.,rd, l.toodv ■■'* it wit*, nnd
sl.ooii his shi.liVwith his liCl baud, aiid muilo
many arihiiiintions to the Koiiiaii aiiii\ , and 111-
.ultcil over the dead man, and jesled upon the
Roman*; till nl length one I'riscus, a Centurion,
shot B<ljjrl "' bim, is he wiis leaping and playing
the foor-wilh hiiiiscli; and thereby pierced hmi
through; UIKJU which a shout was sit up 'loH' "y
the Jews amrtlie Roniiins, though on dilTerent
acrnunl-i. So JoualhiiTi grew gmdy by the pain
of his wouiur,aml fell .L.ttU upon the lm.lv o| Ins
u.lvelssirv, as a plain instance how Midd. illy veil-
geanc*: inay come upon mm that have siircess m
war, without any just deaerying the same.
cn.vr. in.
Conc«rn»nir « SIralafrem that uns devised hy the
Jtvs, In/ vhich thty I'liml intniy nf tlir Hmnant
wilhiqi'ilher DentriptiuliKf tticternblt I ummi
that vas ill the t'ily.
j 1 i;uT now the seditions Ihtit w<<rc in llic
temple did every day openly enileavor 'to bent
ildiers that were 11
olV the soli
the twenty-sfventh diiy of the forenamed month
. ^ .,!; 'r„,,,nj_J (.nnliived such a slrits-
(.em B#tl.isi mey filled thaFparf of the western
the Romans, abd challenged the best ol them al
to a single cpnibat. But many of those that stood
there in the 'army hufted him, and many of them
(fit they might well be) were afraid or him,
[I'nneiiius or Tninni.J
peinB#thisi they fillet i ■ - - •
cloister* which was between the beams, and the
roof under them, with dry materials', as also with
bitnmcn and l<itch, and then retired from that
place, as though they were tire<l with the paint
thev bad taken; at which procedure of theirs,
nianyof the most inconsiderate nnioiig the Kp-
man's, whft were carried aw«y with violent pas-
sions, followed hard after them as thcy_were rc-
tiring; ami ap4>lied ladders to the cloister, and
Eot unto it suddenly but the more prudent part
of them, when llieV uuderstood thisMinnccoiinl-
ahlc r. treat of the 'Jews, sloo.l still where ihey
were before. However, the cloister was full Of
those that were gone up the ladders; at which
time the Jews set it all on fire; and as the namet
burst out every where on the sudden, the Ko-
niansthat were out of the danger were seiied
with a very great ctSnsternatioft, as were those
that were in tTic midstof thedanger m the utmost
distress. So when they ptTOfivetl «>'«"'J^'''"
surrounded with the flam6s,^rtie of them threw
themselves dowp backwards^ntb «1"=, ti'^.- S|!f,
some aiiiong their enemies [ii^|N;trmple,-n as dul
manrlean down to their own men, and broM
their limbs to pieces; but a great . number ot
those that were going to take these violent me^-
ods, were prcvtntecr by the fire; though soma
— nted th e fi r e by their own synrds . — How-
ever, the fire was on the sudden carried so lar ai
to surround those who would have otherwu*
* Of the coast of the Gentiles.
perithcd. As ('
however, but cui
ad, although ll
, order fur ul do
J'iving them any
art lo those tli
body might see
take they came
openly to them
thiiae that Wire
relifye them, h
fully, as c»«ryini
and ilus iuteiitio
uuuient. Suuiv
into the wall ol
and were presi
then suri'ouude
thev iliaile resisl
time, yet were
length they all I
8. At, the hist
name was L.o)i|ii
iKl iiITuIt; a ml
peri«hed were
appeared to ileji
the Jews luliuir
were farther di
they persuaded
s«cority giveu
hit brother per*
to tarnish their
«riny. He con
lifting up his s«
himself. Yet
thiijo surround
his sublilly ; foi
called to liim
that lay with hi
him, "I do lea
wilt come and
running to rci:
threw himself
own life, while
10 tiheiueutly
the other's »<
"This meluncho
for a while, bi
their guard for
to them again!
which they we
unacquaiutulii
nature of the i
burnt down as
in the war he i
that led to the
rest of that cit
hail destroyed
next day tfie- 1
rloister tiUilel
common angle
etICedl-on, an
count the; depi
state" of the lei
. 3. JVow, of
the city, the
-miseries they
if 10 much us 1
any where api
sently, and th
witn another i
th<i most mise
men believe t
»WhatJo8C|)
pies had bfen r
wherein mirtlici
eat llieir own
Jews, ill III" I'l^
nil J mnriMlmnr
210— an,) is liy
throe parallel >•!
mnree«am|ilcs,
% (|pii:rl iaiunil.
all this was oril)
i»
BOOK Vl^CllAl'
r»53
wiTc in tlic
■nvor'to heni
jHiikf, niul on-
laiiied iiinnth
ich a Mnitii-
r llie wi-ttrrn
<anii, HiiH llie
I*, H> nloo with
(■<) from that
;ilh the paint
lire of theirs,
none tlic Rp-
I vioWnt pas-
thcy wore re-
! cloister, and
■ prudent part
lisMinnceonnt-
II where ihey
er was full of
lers; atwhich
I na the nnmet
Men, the Rn-
r were leiied
IS were those
r in tlic Htmost
!(l theniselvei
ai tiiem threw
tlic city, and
cniple,-] as did
en, and brok»
at number of
D violent meth"
; though soiii*
yorfU. How-
irried so far 8i
iBve otherwii*
ilei.
Eerithctl. A» ft)r Cnrwir hitiu. If, hv v.nulJ iinl.
owevir, but counitiiBratii Ih""' llml IhnI peri»li-
«iU aitliough they got up tliillur without any
onler for M iloiiig, since there whs |w wuy ol
rivinir them any relief. Vet wai lliit some com-
Part to those that were dr»ln>yeirilh»l «yery
fc
body mi({ht see that (lerson grieve, foi> whole
lake tliey vaiiie to their eiiil; fur he cried nut
openly to them, and leaped up, and exhorted
those that were about him lo'do their utmo»t to
relifW! theiu. So itvery one of llieiii died tlixer-
fully, a» c«ffyiiig nUmjc willi lliem time wurds
and (his iutentioii of (,,es»r as n sepiih hriil mo-
nunient. Home there were indeed who r< tired
into the wall of tfie cloister, whi.h was bi'oad,
and were preserved i\ut of the fire, but >«:'','"
then sufi-ouuded by llie Jews: luid idiiiotli^h
thi'V made re»i->taiiee »j>;iiilii't the Jews lor a lunR
time, yet were they wounded by lliem, and ut
lennlhtliey nil full down (lead. \
8. At, the lust, a\ i|{uihu ninoiiK iliem, who«u ^
name was Loiiirus,"becuiuu a decorutioi) t« this
iia iiffuti-; and while ev. ly ou<t ol them thai I
peri.hed were worthy of u iii> inovlid, lhn man
appeared to decern- it beyond all the Test, Aow
the Jews lulmiii'd Uiis iiiHii for his eouran;', and
wrru farther desirous of ba»iiig him slam; so
they persuaded htm to come down to them, iiii'ui
Sfcority fciveu him for his life. Hut forneliu.
bis brother periuiided him, on tli* coiitiar) , not
to tarui.ih their own tlory, noj- that of the UomiOi
army. He eomplieil with this hint ailvice, uiid,
liftinirup hia sword before both armies, he hiew
himself. Yet there was one Artorius amoiiR
thoio surrounded wiih the lire, who escaped by
hU sublilty ; for »vheii lie had with a loud \oice
called to liiiii Lucius, one of his filU.w-nolaicrs
that lay with him in the same tent, and aaiit to
him, "1 do leave thee heir of all I have, il thou
wilt come and receive luc." Upon this he caiiK
running to receive him readily: Artorius then
threw himself ('o- II upwi lum, ami saved his
own life, while b '>t received him Wds dashed
10 ,.hemeutly iij;u -t the slone |)uverH :,l by
the other's weight, that ho died iiiiiiK'Hiilcly.
This iiielancholy nccldeot uuide the Koiuaus s;.d
for a while, bul! still it made Iheiii more upon
their guard for the future, anil w»» ol ailv;uilage
to them against Ulo ij.elusioiis of the Jeivs, by
which they weicgreaUy tliiiiianod throush their
UDSCouaiuttdiui's with Ihc places, and with the
nature of thi inhabitants. Kuw lliis rioisler was
burnt down ac far as .lohu's towiti which he built
in the war he made nKaiiisl Simon, over the galis
that led to the Xystus. Tjic Jews also cut olf tbe
rest of that cloister from the leiiiple, alter tiny
had dealrovul tlirje th'it got up, to it. lint the
next day tfi«' Koinaus burnt ilown the iiorthirn
eloister tntiielv u» far as the <;a»t cl..isler, wliofrc
common angle 'juineil to the vM.y thai w.as c:ill-
etlCedl-on, ami was built over It; on wlilcli ac-
count the; depth was fiijjlitf"!.^ Aud ihis was the
•Wte" of the temple at that lime.
. 3. Kow, of tuo.e Jhat perished by famine iif
the city, the number was prodigious: and the
miseries ihoy undenveiit were uuspeakabl. ; l.ir
if so much as the shadow of any kind ol luod did
any where appear, a war was coiiimcnce.l ]ire.
sentiv, and the dearest frieiuls fell a ligliliii;;- i.ne
witn "another ?boiit it, snatrhiiig fromtiicli otli. r
th«tmo»t miserable, supports ol hie. |Vor wmdd
men believe thai those who wen- djiiig had no
♦ What Jo8cpliB9iiI'«orv8lt(r.vllmt im piiralM exam-
nleshad bwn rccorili'il boloro 1his iinv? ol s,,,.h si,.,.,.,,
wherein mutlicrs wnrP forced hv cxlreimty ol liiimne to
eat Iheir tiwii cliiWrnn, ni hud r...ia ilir-alen-il lo IIil.
Jews, ill til" l^'W "f J'"*"' "I""' <ili»[."iai'; •!;""'>'''l"''"-".
ana more 1lmn oneoTullincl (Mm niy !l<iyl.: h U nur, s, |i.
"la—iii ) is liv Ur. riuilson supi)0»'tl lo liuv.. Iiail Iwo ur
Three iwrallel .■v»ni|ik.'i iu 1ai.>r a.„--s. 1 1 • ...r:,'].! I.nvo limt
more c«lim|ilc^ ( Mimms... of isTMillB ,.r sl.l|.-lmnril, er in
« .IpiJri isluna. raslir.;; l.,is lor eacii wli.rs' iw.l..>. 1 ul
all this was piilj io cas'.'S wlierc liiey kufw ol no |«jt«ibl'
fojil, but till! rubbcri would searcli them when
they were- espiriiiK. Ie«< any one »huiilil ha»e •
comealeil iVr.id in their bosonn, iiii'l cmlnli rli iteil
dying; Ita), the«e rolibiT" gap' d fir wanl, afld ,
ran about sluiiibliiig and stangi ring along tike
mad dogs, and re. jiiig agiiiint Ihv di"0« "I the
liouses like ilrilnki n men; thtj would aUo. lit
the great dislri ss lliey Were in, rush iiilo the viry
•ailie houses two or three times ill cum iml the
■aiiie day, Monovir, their huiigef was •»y ill- ,
tolerable, Ihal il obliged Ihnii to rliew >\vty
thing, while, Ihe) galhi reil »iiiJi lliiiigs h« tin
Pi()sl sordid aiijnials.would not. touch, and eii'liii'ed
to eat them; ii(>r did lliey at liiiulh al'-lain froii-
girdles anil shoes, ami the Ti r.» biillor wl» 1
lielonged. io Ihtir sloi Ms lliey piilbd ...hii.i
gnawed; llir yeri|fy i«iis ol old liav Imanti fi'.d
to some, and soitfe giilliored up liliKS, uiid -ohi u
very sninU weight of lloin lor f mr .Mlic liir;iili-
niii'.j Hut wliv do I l^^e^iln lire slijiiiii U ss iiii-
puiUnce thai llu l.iiiiiiie Wroii';liloii no n in t'<>it
eating iiiaiiinmte things? wluli' I am poii„ l>.>
relate a mailer id' fuel, the like lowloib no his-
tory relates,' elthir. among llie tiii > ks or liai;'a.
riaiis. i'is horrible to »pi ak of 11. and iiicrnli-
bl« wheMieuid. I had indeed willin!;l) oinillid
this caUinily of ours, Ihal I might hut sm in li
deliver what is so porteiilons lo p^sli rilj ; but lli;>l
I have innunierable wilio.s.s {,, it, iu iny ii»u
age: and besidis, my coiiiili'y Would havi hid
little reason to thank ine for suppre-siii^' lln ml--
cries that she underwent at lliis tinie.
.1. There was a lertain \#>inaii that dwi II ' < •
yonil Jorilan; her nauie was Mary, her ri;:o;-
was K.ll ai:ir, of the village of Itetlieiob, w.irli
S'lgililies, the hon-e of Hyssop. She wa" ( im.-
milt for her lainilv and her wealth, uiiil had ;;■ I
a»mv' to Jerusalem Willi the rest of lluaiuidli- :
tudfei.and was with them besieged therein a1 n,iv
liiiie. The oilier elbcls of this woman had b<. ii
already seir.ed upon, sncli I mi an as site in '
brought with her out of I'erea, and reiiioiid i .
lhecltv> What she bad treasured up bi side,, i i
also w'hiit food she had contrived lo «:t\ i , 1. ;•.
betiiaUo carried olf liy the rapacious (jimi. •,
wlio came every day running into her hou-i li.r
that purpose. 'I'his put the poor wooiiij' nil j a
very great passion, and b.^llu freoueiil iepio;|cli-
e» and imprecations she east at these rapiii.MM
villains, slielmd prov,okeil thi in to iiujrvr a;',aii;'l
her; l)Ut none of lluni, either out ol tlje iiidi;;-
natiiiii she had lai-.d against lieisell, or out ol
coiniiiiseiatioii of Iu n asi, would lake awily In r
life: and if she f .iin;l any food, she p. r.i ivr d
her labors were for others, and nol for herself,
and it yvas iioW become iiiTnossible lor hir am
way to find anv more food, wliile ihe I imiii';
phrced throiigfi her very Ix.wel- and inarrmv,.
when also 1m r pas.sioii iviis fired to a denri i li. -
yond tin fanilne iuelf; m->r <lid she coiisidl wiiii
any thing bul vvllli her [Ms.sion and the iiiir;-ii;.:
she w.-\s in. She Iht n.»lleinple<l n mosl iimi,.tij-
ral thing, and, mati hiii;; ii]i her son, wliA-w;iVn
child Slicking at liir lueasl, she said; ••Olhrii
iniserald^; ml,.nl! for ulioni shall 1 prO'Tie ih. e
iu this war, this famiiie, aii(|| lliis .edilioii.' As-
to the war with the lloiiKins. if Ihi.v pie,, rve our
Jives, we iiiusl li<; slaves. This fuoine al-o wil!
ilcslrov us eviii 111 fore, till' ■■'•'.^"'i ■ "lo. - ii,|">:i
us. Vet »re these seditious ioi;iie< more u irili'y
llinn both the nlher. Cmiie o*; be llion n-y fi.i.i,
[iftd be tlniu a fury to tli< se seilili,.us varl. Is, nni
l,.uV<iiS7l('«tlUlums.l>>s tail hy kdliiii; iiad I'ali""
Sr» VVlliitlliT s\teh~e,sanipl''S '■" up in llu; lire«,.|i«.
n,:iv Ik- ilolliile.1. Th.' IhauUMSwrre iml only «l lii.i;
lilit V.rv ilisirous lo iTanl llu'.io Ji W*lli .liTUFUl.'Jii Imlh
thc.irlivisuiHf(h.it lili"f;i"S, aiid-|..^avetjujlili.v,ri'ilv
anil thiir O'liinle. .bai i!.o v.iidols. i!;.'-' rol.h- r', mi^Uh-!
siililiou-.would li, ;okea t..ii.a.rmM.l subn.j,-i ■"■ I>%
volant;.nrvelM,v. L. r..l ili. rili?..Mi.- 1.> il;:M . xir(;:..i
tv asn> I"''"''- molh.TS in ijos n?.i"iliir:il l.arlmriM ,,*iMi '<
■'• - ■ • I still sii;ni,iH'.li «l?,l|ill'
/
i l l nil lis I ioum '
4-1*;
crtu ;iariai.'led ionoiii Iho rest uf HiaiikiivU.
4
■■■* ''-*
WARS OF TlIK JEWS.
• byirord to th« world, whirh 'm nil th*t it now
' wMlinK to cotuiil«(« th« cnUinilirt ti( ut Ji-wi."
Ai ■oOii a* Him fiuil miiil llii«, •lie lU'W lur aon,
•ml Uicn ru*iit<:>J hliii, Hutl ntc the oiiu Kull' of
t hiiii, tfnil ki'|>t the ullicr half liy h«r conctiuh'tl.
Upim (lii< lli« krdiliov* cani« in prfarnlly, rikI
iniolliiig th« horrid icenl of thia fontl, Ihry
thrcBt«il«il bur, Ihit thejr would cMt fitr tliront
iiiiiiiiiilittti'ly if (he did not iliow Ihrni wlint food
»hv had gotten ready. Sh« r«|)li«d, tbnt " iho
hadMaHyvil a Trry fine portion of it for tlicni;"
and withal uncovered what was left of h«r lun.
tirrcupon llit^y wi're uitrd 'Witli a horror and
•maieiiient of mind, and stood naloiii«li«d at thr
aiKtil, when she said (» them, "'rhia it mine own
•on, ami what hath b^'en dune was mine own
doing. (,'oniK, eat of this food ; for I have eattn
of it niyu'lf. Do not you prelrnd to lie either
tti6rfl tcuder than a woman, or more conipaiaion-
ate thar. a mother; but if yon be no wrupuluna,
■nddu nbominnie this niy sacriftce, at I have
eult'K the one half, lit the reat be preal-rved for
, j,umj|l»a-'r.< After Which thoti: men went out tre.m-
A'bline. beiii|; never so much alTrighted ot any thing
^>s they were at this, and with some ditnculty
ihoy left the rest of that meul to the mother.
Upon which the whole city wua full of this horrid
action immediately; and while every body laid
<lhi» mlaerable case before their own eyes, tliey
. trembled, as If this unheard of action had been
done by themselves. So those that were thus
distreated by the famine were very deairbus tu
die, and those already dead were esteemed hap-
py, becauae they had not lived long enough either
to hear or to see such miseries.
A. This sad instance was quickly told to the
Romans, some of whom coulcfnot believe it« and
others pitied the diatresK which the Jens Were
under: but there were nian^ of them who were
hereby induced to a more bitter hatred than or-
dinary against our nation. Uut for Cajsar, he
excused liiniseIC before God 419 to this matter,
andaaid, thut "he had proposed peace and li-
berty to the Jews, as well as an oblivion of all
th«ir former insolent practices; but that they,
instead of concord, had chosen sedition;, instead
of peace, war; and before satiety and abundance,
a famine. 'I'hat they had begun with their own
hands to burn down that temple, which We have
preserved hitherto; and that therefore they de-
served to eat such food as this was. That, liow-
ever, this horrid action of eating; ah own child
ought to be covered with the overthrow of their
very country itself, artd men ought not to leave
such a city upon the habitable earth, to be seen
by the sun, wherein niothers arc thus fed, al-
though such food be fitter for tho fathers than for
the mothers to eat of, since it is they that con-
tinue still ill a state of War against us, after they
tia^ undergone such miseries as these." And
at the same time that lie said thia, he reflected
on tifie desperate condition these men mutt be in,
norcoilld ne exp^t that such men could be re-
coviered to lobrietjl of ^lind, after they had en-
dured those very sufferings,, for the avoiding
I whereof it onl/ wa» probable.they might have re-
■■ \ 'p«ntc|l.'.
*>CHAP. Vil. „
Hlun the Bdtiki were completed, and'the Batter-
\ ^-Rami brought and could do nothing, Tilut
\gave Ot'dtri to set Fiiee- to the Gatif qf the
\emple : in no long Time after tefciofc the holy
Home itself was burtOidoum, even against his
, 'Con««^f. . '\ v-/-
{ 1. And now two of the legion* nadcQm-
pleted their banks on the eighth day of the
month Lous [Ab.3. Whereupon Titui gave or-
deri that the battering-rams should be brought.
without milking any iniprrssioi|, upon it; hut tha
viiat Iiirgeiirii4 anti alroHK Ciinn<<-lion of the
aloiii'4 wii> kii|i<Tior to that viigiiii' am) lu the
other bnttiffng-rniiis alaoi Other Komniia diil,
inched , unilerniine the foiiiidatiunt of tlie noi th-
em giite, ami, after n world of pnina, r< iilnvrd
the outtrinoat stones; yrt was the giite alill up-
held by the inner atone >, anil stood still uiiburt;
till the workmen, ileapairlng of nil >urh ulli'ii)|ili
by engines and croWa, brought their laddi ra to
the cloiaters. Now the Jews did not inttirupt
them in so doing; hut when they were gotten up
they fell U|Kin theni, and fought with them; toiiia
of Inriuthey thrust down, and threw them linrk-
warila hemllong; others of them they met and
•lew: they also beat miiny of tholC that ivriit
d(i,wn the laddera again, nnd slew them with (heir
swords before they could bring their ahirldi to
protect thftii; nay, aonio of tlin laddem they
tl^rew down from above when Ihi^y were full of
urn)e<l men: a great alnughter was nnide of the
Jewa nlao at t lie saiile time, wjiilo those that
bare the eriii^n^ fought hard for them, as dernl-
ing it a t4^rribl4! thing, and What Would tend to
their great ahanie if tliey peniiitted them to be
stolen awny; Yet iriil the Jew* At length get
posaeMion Of these enginea, nnd destroyed those
that hail gone up the bidiler, while the rest were
so intimiihited by what tlioav auAered who wer*
■lain that they retired, although none of the Ro-
mans died without having done good aervicc he-,
fore hia death. Of the Hiulilious Iho^e Ihiil hnil
ng-r
the
and set over against the western edifice ot the
inner temple; for, before these werebroaght, the
firmest of^ all the other engines had batt<:red
Uie wall for 9U il»}i together without cciuing.
fought bravely in the former buttles did the like
now ; as besiJes them did Kleazar, the brother's
son of Simon the tyrant, Rut wh«n Titus. per-
ceived that his endeavors to spare > foreign
temple turned to the damage of bis soldiera, and
made them be killed, he gave order to set th*
gates on fire.
2. In the mean time there deserted to him An-
anus, who came from Emmairs, the most bloody
of all Simon's guards, end Archelaus, the son of
Magadatus, they hoping to be still forgiven, Im-
cause they left the Jews at a time vvnen they
were the conquerors. Titua ol)jccted thistothcse
men, as a cunning trick of theirs; and as he had
been informed of their other barbarities toward*
the Jews, he was going in all haste to have them
both slain. He tiHd them, that " they were only"
driven to this deaer\ion, because of the utmost
distress they were in, and did not come away of
their own good disposition; and that those did
not deserve to be preserved, by whom their own
city was already «ct on fire, out of which they
now hurried themselves away/' However, the
security he had promi9r.(K.<le»eTters ovcrcania
his resentments, nnd hp diiipfissled them accor<l7
inely, though he did not give them the same pri- "
vileg^s that he had afforded to others. And now
the soldiers htui already put fire to the gates, and
the silver that was over tnem quickly carrieii the
flames to Ihtf wood that was within it, whence it
spread itself all on the sudden, and caught hold
of the cloisters. Upon the Jews seeing this fire
all about them, their spirits (unk together with
their bodies,- and they were under such astonish-
ment, that not one of them made any haste
either to' defend -himself or to quench the fire,
but they stood as mute spectators of it only.'
However, they did not so grieve at the loss of
what^as now burning, as to grpw wiser thereby
for the ttiiie to come; btit as though the holy
house itself had been on fire already, they whet-
ted their passions against the Romans. Tbif
fire prevailed during that day and the next also;
for the soldiers were not able' to burn all the
cloisters that were round about together at one
time, but only by pieces.
3. B«t then, oii the next day, Titiis command-
ed part of his army 10 quencb the fii«, and li>
make a road for the moie easy marching up of
the legions, while he himself gathered tne com-
manden together. Of tho»e there were asMnt*
[t
I V
!,N||ll'
km
wm
72
TAMINK AT JERIJSAI^M.
2x2
^»r
■ching up of
red the com-
were asMot*
tlttS Ihf
d*r, llm
««buU' ■
•r III Ih
Coniinar
thu cum
■lin wll
(ffjlllK
Antiiiiia
thru I'l
rilurt I
th*l th
thoiilil I
of iIk'M
■CI niTi
it, I lii« I
bflllii^
hoHit' II
Olhirt
ih* J(W
Uj u|>i
In MM
bn iiiikI
fl) lllni
•nil iiiii
lmi|c lu
'lo Hun
J«W( tl
ill'thi'D
ontliiii
tht'iiiM*
buriiiiii
tbii wc
, •«!««•,
I VfTniiif
Alrxiiii
cldrnllc
Thru
htil Ki'v
Ol' till
ihuulil
CM in
- --cnottii
•houlil
quench
mtTt a
that Ih
next A
gethrr,
outwar
tiio f a«
' the ilaj
with g\
with t
wail, t
yet it 1
rtty lo
tdile of
the hei
^ ing, («
ron wa
honcn
found
•nil up
mkny i
Roniai
apon t
BOOK V1.-CIIAP. IV.
655
tint lh« tit prlnrliMl p*tt»M, Titirr'ni* AUtim-
dtr, lh« iniiiiniiri<li'r |iiiiilrr lh« ||riii ml | ii( (hr
ttbiilr •run' Willi ^I'ttua (VrraJit, Ihi' rnluiiiiiild-
«r III lh« i(ib Ugion, iinil l.arr.iua l,*|iiilu>, lh»
eoiiiinanil'r u( thr Irntl) ligiun, kiiiI Titua Kri|iut,
(hn ciiiiiiiianiUr of Ihc Aflrt-nlh Ifgliinj lh»r« <»■•
■l«n wllh lh*ni KlfrntiK, Ih* lioiUr of lh« two
Iffjiint that (.■■i« Iroiii At)>>iinilri», tiiil Mtrciu
Aiiliiiiui JuliniKi*, |iriii urntiir of Jmlrtj iiflcr
thru canix lii||<'llii r titii lli« rra( iil III* |iri>('u-
rilurt Kntl IriliMiin*. 'I'llui |ini|iiiaMl to th»<«,
thtl th«]r thiiulil k'<" '■'»> *'■'>' xlvicn Mhtt
thiiiilil li<< ilitti)' Nlioiit Ihr h'lly hiiiKr, Now •nni«
uf lli«<ii llioii)(lil, " il wiiulil li« thr lir«t way (li
act nrriiriliiiK Ici titi' riilra of war, |anil ilriiinliah
il,| liitiauar lh« Jrwa wrifiiM ni'vrr law** ulT rr
bcllinir Mrlill* tUal lioiian wb< aInnUina, M whirt
hoHit' IC waa Ihiil (hry iiaril In git all In^rlhrr."
Olhtra of (hi'iii 'iairu nf ii|iiiii<iii, Itiiil ■■In cnar
(h« Jfwa wiiiilil Iriiv&il, ami iiniii' u( Ihrin woiilil
lay ii|i lh«ir uriiia IIF^r> I'* iiiiKln aavn it; liut that
In raan Itiry got iinntt- il, anil roiiKlK any iiicirr,
b« iiiiKlit liiirii U\ lircaiiar il iiiiiat thfu lir loob-
fi| uiHin not at a holy hiiUK', liul a» n cilailfl,
■nil lliiil ill* iiiipict^ iiriiiirniiiKtt wniilil Ihm br-
lonK til Ihiiar tliiil lori'iil tliia lo lir ilnnc, anil not
I, 'to thcifi." Hut TIliK aaitl, that ■' allh'i»Kb thr
Jrwa ahiiu|il );*( uiioh thai h<ily hoii««, nnuDftht
ili'tki'iior, «rt iiii|;nt •«• mil lo ntrnfr ourarlvra
onviiiiKa that arr iiianlinatt', iiKlrnil of th« nirn
ihi'iii'K'lvca; ami timl hr wiia not in any riiat' lor
buriiinK down »o vaat a work aa>tl)nl wua, lirrnuar
tbia woulil br n miai:hl«r to thr Rnninna Ihrin-
tcKta, aa it woulil b« an ornanivnl to Ihrir ((o-
' VfTnnirnl whilr it continuii'il." Sii Kronio, anil
Alrxiinlirr, noil ('crrulia, gr«w bolil upoii that (In-
cinrallon, and. aKfrc'd tu Ihr ofiinion of TiliK.
, Thru wna (hit aaacnibly diaaoKril, whrn 'riliia
'{k> '**'' K'v" ordrra lo the coimuiindrrt that Vhr rr't
' of ihiir furcaa ahouhl Ija atilU Iwt lliut thry
ihould makfl uar of auch at werr nio«t ^^ra|;<-
OM in thia attack. So l"<J|P||U>!<U'^''' 'll>"t *'■''
'■ ' T^Wrii ftisn that wrrc '■■MKn'"'^ '*"' •''>'""■•*
ihouhl niaka Ihcir way tBlK the ruint aink
quinch the fire. ^W{^
4. Now it <M true, that on thit day Ihr Jrws
were ao wear^t and under auch conatrfnalion,
that they rerrainrd from any altacka. Hut on the
next day they gathered their whole force to*
gelhrr, and ran upon Ihote that euardrd thr
outward court of the temple vrry boldly, throuith
tli« rati gale,ahd thit about the tecond hour of
tbe day, Theteguarda received that their attack
with great bravery, and by corering thrmarlvrt
with their ahields before, aa if it were with a
wail, they drew their aquadron cloae loKcthrr;
yet it wat evulent that they could not abide there
very lonr, buVwoiild be overborne by the multi-
tude of tnoa«%iat aallicd out upon Iheiii, and by
the heat of their passion. However, Cieaar aee-
^ ing, from the lower of AntoUia, tbat thia aquad-
ron wat likely lo give way, hr lent tome cnoaen
hortenien to tupport thrni. Hereupon the Jlewt
found thcmtelvra not able to luatain their onset,
and upon the alaughter of thote in thr forefront
many of the real w«re put lo flight. Hut at the
Romant were going off, the Jewt turned back
apon tbem, and fought them; and at thote Ko-
nant came back upon, them, they retreated again,
until about the fifth hour of the day they were
orerbDme, and shut ibemKlvct up in the inner
(court of tbe] temple.
S. So Titui retired into the tower of Antonia,
•nd retolved to itorm the temple the next day,
early in thip morning, with his whole armv, and
to encamp round about the holy liouae. fiut at
for that noute, Qod had. for certain, long ago
doomed it lb the fire ; and now that fatal tlay wat
*Theaa atepa to tha^altar of bamt-oSeringtMmhera
allharan Impfoptrand inaccurttecupreationof Jotephr ^
•una. i> »•- unliiwful lo make ladder alrpt, (tea the de-
mlption of the temnlct, chap. xiii. and abto on Aatiq,
B>iT.ch.vlU.tcct.S,) 01 elae thiae aicpa or ittin wa
rimir, arrordlnf lo Iba rtrolullim ofanai'. It waa
ih* lonlh lUy of lh« iiioiiilr l.<iiis, [Ali,| iiimiii
whii h It waa luriutrly biirni liy Ihr ainc .if (la-
hyhini allhoughVbasr nainralnok tbrir rlaa from
tnc .Irnt tbamaatvra, and wrrr orcaalnnrd hjr
Ihriu : fiif ii|uii| Tilna'a rrllrinK, the anlitiuua lay
atill fur a little wbdi-, ami Ihrn allni'llrd thr Hn-
mana aaain, whrn Ih^ar Ibnl KuanUd thr biily
biiiiar liiiiKhl wilb Ihiiae that qiiinrhril Ihr fir*
that watliiirniUK ''" *'>•"'' [rnurt of thr J trinplr j
but llirv MiMiHint put Ihr Jiwa lo lliahl, and iini-
rrrdril ta far aa III* hi>|jr hiiutr ilai If. At which
llnir iinr of thr aolillira, wilhiiifj tlayin|( for
any iirdrra, and wilhniri any rojicrrn or drrail
uiKin hliii at ail K'**l *'■ umlrrliikiug, iind li< iii|(
hurried imly by a rrrtain ilitlu* fury, anati'hii]
aiihirwhai nut nf Ihr inntrrlala Ihiil nVrr on Are,
and liiiilK liflid up hy iinothrr a(dilirr, ha tri Are
til a KidiU'O wiiiiliiw, thriiugh wlinli thirt waa a
K>aii)^r III Ihr riioiua Ihiit wrrr round alioiil the
ly hiiiKi , on llir iiiirlh aidr of il. Aa the llamrt
went upward, Ihr Jrwa niaile a ((rrut chiimir,
aui:lia> Bu mighty iin iifllictinn rrnuired, ami ran
tiigilbir lo prrvinl it; ami iimW lliry apiirid nut
lb) ir livrt any liingt r, nor ■iifli rnl iinv Ihing lo
rratrain thrir fun-r, time that hnly liouar waa
prrlakinga for whoar anka it wat tliut tliry krpt
au< h a guard about il.
•i. And now a crrlain jirriinnCHiiia running to
TIlua, and luld him uf Ihia Arr, iia lir wna rraling
hiuiai'lf in hia IrnI, afttr thr liiat inilllr: where*
upon hr rufli Uii ill grciil liiiair, iinil, lit hi' wat,
ran ln.,ilir holy noiiai^ In urilir In Ir.ivr a ati)|» pi|i;a t
tu the fire; nfirr hiui liilliiwid nil liia niniiiiiiinl-
era, and after thi in lullnwril llir anyrriil li Ki'int
in grrat atloniahnirnt: so thrrr wiia a grrnt i la-
nior ami luiiiult riiianl, iia wiit niilural upon the
iliaordrrly niuUon of "< griiil an aniiv. Thun
ilid C'li'tnr, linib by inlliiig lo the a<il()irr< that
wccr Aghting, with a loud toicr, and by giving a
■igiiul to Ihrtii tvilh hia right hiinil. uriirr tlirm
lo qurnch thr Arr. lint thry did nut hriir what
he laid, though hr apakr au loud, having llirir
ran nlr< ally ilinnrd by a gnut noiar iinnthrr
way: nor did thry ntlriiil to the aigniil !>*' niiiile
with hit hand nrithrr, n| still some uf ihrni wrru
iliatriiclril with A^htiiiK, and ullirrt wllli piiaaion.
Hut IIS lor Ihr Irginiin that riiiiin runiiint; tlijllii-r,
neilhiT any pinnKKiuna nor any thrrali ningt '
cunid rrtlrain thrir viobn.ce, but rnrh nnr'a uWn
pnaaiun wut hit coniiniiiidrr at this time; iind'aa
thry wrrr crowding info the trniple lugithrr,
many of theui wrre tnini|ileil on by oiir nnuthrr,
whilf a great nuinbrr lil) among fnc ruins uf the
cimatrrs, which wrte still hill and iinoking, and
wrre dratruycd in thr samr niinrriible way ivl|h
■those whom Ihry hud cuniiucrvd : and ivhrn tlir^
wrre come near the holy noutr, thry iimili' iis if
thry did not to much at hear Cirsar't oriirra lo
thr ciinlrnry, but thry rncouragrd Ihuse that
wrrr brfore Iheni to »rl it on Arr. At for the
aeditioua, they wrrr in too grriil diitrest already
to all'ord their asiistance [towurdt ^uencbirig the
Are;^ thry were cvrry where alum, and every
where beaten; and at for a grriit pnri of the pro-
pU, thiy wrrc wro.k and without armt. and had
thrir tnroali cut ^ivJierrvrr Ihry were cniight.
Now, round abuSt the ullaT lay dead hodiea hrii))- "
ed upon one another, iit lU the U<yia going up lo
it ran a quantity of Ihrir blaod,* whither also
thr dead bodies that were ilaln above [on the al
tar] fell down. .
7. And now, since Cipsar wat noway able to >
restrain the enthuaiastic fury of the tuldirrs, and
tbe fire proceeded on more and. mure, he went
into thelioly place of the temple, with hit coui-
mandert, and satv il, with what wat in it. which
be found to be far superior to what the relation! .
now nae were lAvoiitrd before the days of Herod Ih*
Oroat, and had brim heru Imilt by him ; though tli« later
\^
■ Bin
Jrwa always diiny it, ami aay, that even Iwrod'a altar
aacanind tu by an acelivtty only.
.h
500
WARS or TUB JKW«.
or towlf ii#f» 'OBUlmtl. "imI lin* i»f<'ri..r t» »»li«»
w i«rii.l»" lH»««ft<l "<• »'»'' >'*li«»»'' •"•"" "
Hut M 111* «<"»• ••»'' ""« •• >•• '»»•■'>"' "» "* '"■
wspl iwH«. •"!« *•• •"" <•••«•••«••»« in* riMiMw
ih«i «»•" «•>•"" '••• '•"'* •">"••• •""' ' '•"* •"?;
iMMtnii t»hiH 111* f«'t wn*. ••i»« ""• *"'"••■ ",•*"
liiiglit "•« li» ««K"I. tw •■»"'• '" t'«<l<',«nil r»<\rf
f\nA 'o iirr.iittil* ihr Kil'li'r* l» nuKiifh th* *r».
■lul «»»* I'"'" «" ll>>»'»l'u» •*•• rHnliirion, a^il
ona o( llioiK .jwnntirn ll»» •»■«• •t«"i> •"'"• '»
bf*t t\t» xil'lUr. lh»l w«r« r«rr»flgry wMh «h«r
•Uvrt, nii'l <« rr«lriiiii Ihnn i yi «*"• «n*'f I"""'
•loni I.Mi Imril lor »li» r»|[iir.l« lh»jf liAit fi.l- t.i»«r,
■nil the ilr. Mil ii»y ImmI i.l lidii wliii r..rbwl» ln«m.
■« WM ilirir Imlriil nf lh«' J<«». "'"l •<■"«''">
vchdiM-nt ii*liiia»M>n »■» ttgUl ihnn, loo linftl f'»r
Ihrni nUo. M.»rniviT. lli« h..|i« <il |iliin<l»r iii<l«-
cixl m»iiy •'> K<> "". "» •»•*">•« •'"• "P" '• ', '
■11 lh« i>l»i-<« williin wrr* lull <il mtmiy, uml »«
MfioK ilml "II rouiMl •bout il >»•• m«'l« "' «'»''■
Anil Lti.lM, "inr ul ihoM' lh«l w*i'il inio fhr »il«i«
nr»v»nt4il <.'"'»Hr, whrn ho r«n "t liii«nl) '•«« t"
mtnin th* •..».!»•«, .imI ihww lU« art u(M)n H«
liiuKf* 1)1 tin- KKlf, ill III* <l»rlii w1»"*'>y «»•
Haiiir l>iir>t mil Iriiiii williin Ihe liiily hi>u»« ili'"
imnirillHlrl), when lh« diiniinnili'n rrlirmli uml
C»i»r wHb thiiii, •11(1 whni no>HMly bm/ IimK"'
forbi^ili^ ill""' •l"'l *•"•' wt'h""* •" •'■' '"" '''. !'•
Anil thu« w'i» til'' li'>ly I"""" '"l"'l »l"»»»' *'"'•
■*■ uut Ctvunr't •|)|iriil)»liiiii. . , ■
a. Si>w, «ltlimiKli nil) cmowiiulil iu«ll) UmrnI
th« il«»lru<ti(in oriiiih u work lu lliit »»». •iiici-
it mn tint nioKt mlnilr«l(l« of nil H"' wotln lliiu «i'
h*v* •♦••n i>r III nril of, Imlh lor iIk .iinmu •tru'-
tur«»inliHiii»Knil>i'l'.'""' "'•"'"f '''« viKlwniUli
bcitowml upon II, «* W..II »• for Ihc^lorioii. r.|.ii-
t^tloir it hml for |I> liolliu»«i }H mlKht .iirh n (.«<-
CoiiilWl liiiii" If with If.i. thoiiKliI, mill '«»•''"''■
that il«ir»iil il to to 1". which it iii. vitiihU', both
■» l(> liviDB Vri'Uluriii, iiml Hulo work* iiml |ihi«««
■Uo. How<'Vrr, oiir riiuiiot Imt woiiitrr ill llm hi--
Curnr)<.fthii(wrio«llh«THonlatiii|f; for llir •i»m«
month ■nil ilny »•'"• now ob«rmt n« I »«i<l bj-
fore. whi-riirt th« holy botuf wa« li»">l I'M^hi' "y
by flic IJiibjIoniitiK. Now Ihf iHiilil'fr of )Mr<
. tb»l imMeif from iU fifil fonii'lnlion, which wii»
' Uiil by king Solomon, till tlii» in ib'iilruiilioi),
which bapptueil in llnr »«iconil v<-iir "f Ij"! rtinn
of Vi«p.i«i«n,»re lolUft.il V>h>- on* lliouiihtiil
oni^ hilnilnil and thirty, bip«iil.:< •• ven ni'inth"
nnil fiffern ilnjii ami from Ihr nicmid biiihliii|r
of it, which «m ihiii* l.y lliiRKiii. m ll>«' '«'"'>'l
yrar of (^yru. the kiiij?, till il- liinltu^on iin.l. r
Vc«()ii«iiiii. Ihire wi r.' »ix liumlriil Oilrtyiiini'
year*, anil torty-five cluyt.
<;iiAp; v.
37i< rrtat l)i$trrt$ the Jews vexc in iipan Iht con-
llarration nf Hit hidij Uoiite. Cuiufrniiiii; a
faUt jWoyhct, and the Sipi) (hat prectdiU this
neiimcltan.
»,.l.rur iiiirt ii rribb ih.iM lhi««oiMi;
y,»» »t limn* •lioiit of ihii !*■"<•" I*'
ibo w»ri' mmibinn »H loK.thir.myl a
ilir of thu ••.lilioii4,j|J»o wira n-'W W-
hiich, ami lh# work* al lh» IcnipU wara »»rji
ir"iil, oiii. wiMjhl h.i«f llioiinht Ih' whola MJ
n«i| burn .HI lira. \..rr«rtoiH i.immn* any IbllH
»ilh<r Kr«<rfl«r ur iiiirt li rribb' lh.iM lbi««oiMi!
for Ihnrti »
gion'i w(ii
Mul rUmbr ■•• •■•- " T^.:.. — ^ i
Timllif"\ «)lll •('•' aiiiltwonl I hr |kii>|1« aUo
th*l »»ir»l»tt ttbovi, wurr bmlrii liai k "l"iii •**«
•Htniy, ami unili-' a gnat . ..ii.Urn.lio.i, amlT>-
mail* Mil iiMiiMK at lh« rxUiiiily Ihrjr w<r»^f ,..
ilrfi Ihr miiltituiU aUo llial wii. in ihn • lly Ji""' Ji
r.l in lhl«.Mil«r» wiih lli»«» that w.r» afioii lh«
hill. Ami l>*«i>b •, many uf (hi>.» thfil w«r* worn
away by lli* fiiiiiini , iiml thrir imlulh" mIiihxI
rloMil, whrn thry .aw ilia Ilr.. of Iha holy b.iM»«,
Ihry fxi-rlail thiir nlmort tlrtnijlh. ami braka
out into uroani ami iiiiterfc" anwinj I'airn' ilnl
■|4.> raliirn Iha trho, a» wt II »• Iha mounlntna
ruumi iib.mt th« [rily.l ami anRnii'ntr.l lb', f.iri-a .
r»f ihaioilir.' m.lir. \ ►! wii« ill* miM-ry il" If
niorr I. rriliU llian thi. iliwir.lir: l.ir oni. woiibl
hava th.iuKlil (hut th.- hill iUflf. on which Iha
Irmpla hI.m.iI, wa. .. »lhinj{ hoi, »» full-nt tin tm
»yiry piirt of tl ; lliat Iha bloo.l w»» hir«i r >H
nuunlily than the ftr.', ami Iho.i. ihiit wir« iliiin
rtiofr hi nimibi r ihiin lUo.a Ihnt iUw th.in, for.
till, u, 1 iliil n..wlitri' Biipiitf viiilili; hif lb*
ilva.l boilii.« Ihiil hiy on II, liut ^h^■ •.(lili«'r« Winl
J 1 WiiiLK llu' lioiw- WB« on fire, every I ling
wu» pbiniUrcil ihiit cnnii! lo hnml, nml Ini ihoii-
»«ml of lho»i! thntwiT.' cauijht wire uluin; nor
wii« thtr* a cominiti rlitioii ol any a|{i', or iiiiy rv
vcrente of griivilyi bul chiWrciu iiiitl old .iitii,
■nd profane iwrioni, uml prir«l«, wen- all iilrtiii
in Ihe •nine manner; no that this war went roii'iil
all »orl» of men, and broib;ht Ihciii to lUnlriic-
tion ami a» well thow that made unpplicalion for
their livn, ■« thone tliat defKiiib d tbeiinelves by
fiffhiiiie- ''"'"■ "»""■ """ "'"' <■"'■'■''"' " '""K ""'•*•
and made an rtho, togtilier with th.'^Kfon"' "'
thott that were plain; and becnase tlu« bill wui
•Thi* PiToa, if the worilbn not nil«lakeU ui Ihocopini,
niinut well In-Mint Pcrea wbicii wn« boyoinl Jar.lan,
whow moanlainfi wnri! lit a 1-uiwi.^ralil.i iliManc..- Iniin
- ■ ■ ■ v mA f f i um Ji . ru <al.. in l . ii i Hr i l li n
Jordan, anil laurli I
V>t
\
IIVB.I on.1iV» i.iwi I'lJ ' , -■-- r .
over heain of Iboie b..die., a» ihey r.iii ii|>vn •mil
iia lU d iroiii Ibem. Ami now it W.i« ihni lli. I-
liliuteol Ihe riililMr« wire ihriMloiil [..f Ihe iniiif
c.iurt of the timi'le] b> Hie KoiiMiiK, un.l l.nd
much ado lo ((el into'llie oiitwiiiil i.iurl,aiid Iroiii
thence iiilo Ihe iJU . «liile Ihe riimilnd. r ol llii
nopuhii e lied into I'he cl.inU r of ihiil oilier • iMMl.
\» for Ihe |iriu«U, •.mie of IIk'hi |di|.ki "I ii|> 'roin
ttie holy hou«e lhe»pilie.t ll.nl win "('"" H.wijh
their buiva, which wire iiimli- of bad. mid »'"it
tbein at the l<oiiian« iii«lead of d»rt«. Hoi Ih'".
an llm Kaiiied nolhiiiK by no d.niiK, and a« Hie
(ire biiri.1 out Ujioii tin in, Ihey relirid ioihe wall
that wan eiicht cubilii broiiil, ami there tiny liir-
ried;yel lUd Iw.i .if ihe.e ofemimncr Biii..nn
(hem, who nMjjhl have »a»id tlieiiueWe* In H'oiiin
over lo llie Komain, or have bmiie up Willi c.ii-
ra(Ee, and taken their I'ortiine willi olio i«, ihr.iw
theio»<lve« into tiir lire, iiii.l Were liuriil, to-
K.-ther with Ihe h.dv hou»*i their name. Wer*
,\lelru< Ihe Hon of llelgan, uml J.ne|iii the »on ot
|)idi II*. 1 ■ ■
'i. And HOW Ihe lioman* jiidKiii(( lliat il wi>« in
VHiiiloHjiarewhul wumoiiii.l'aboiil ihe h.ly hpuie.
burnt ufllho-e idaci»«, n» al-o Ihe ri maiii'. ol the
cloinler* ami the ({ate», two eMe|jteili the one
oil the ea»l nide, and tlu' otberon the •oiitlii both
which, however, ihey biiint alterw..ril. 1 hev
aluu burnt down the treaumy chaiuberii, in which
wat an imiiieniie i|iianlily of iiioi%, and an iiu-
nieiMU number of ((armi iil«, and ..thir |tr.ri.Mi«
irooiU there rc|iu»iledi and lo «(icMk all in a lew
wordi, there il win ihat Ihc entire richi » ol the
Jew* were heaped np togither, while tire rich/
(leople had there built lhi:iiin:|ve» cliamben [M
contain Hicb l*(irnilnre.] The uphlitrn al»o cuiiii^
to the re»l of the iloistem that were in the ouliA
[court of the] temple, whither the women aifil
children, and u ureal nilxe I iiiiiUitudivof the prfo-
(lie lUd, in iiuinber about »ix thou»:irtd. iJul be-
fore (,\u«ar had determined uiiy thing about lh««»
(wople, or given the coinniiimleri any ordeni re-,
l.ii.ing to Ihciii. tlie sohtier* were in luch B ^ga
that Ihey sit that cloister on lire; by which ifiean»
it came lo [lass, Ilml some of iheiie were di;»lr ly-
ed by throwing tluiinelvei down headlong, aii.l
thot it ia a wnmleroui ciimmuntaluti here take^ notice
" tRoUnd, I tiling here judiwn well, wli'-n he,' interproU
ihi.wiiiiii!H'«|of ilio*. Ilial "'"■"' "11 d"' "'1' /'I "I'' My
i i ...1.1- .;....... .„.:..,. ■ ,!...» u-i.pi. iKi'fl lull, l.'u.l lu
by lb«<a dec*
. . nffl while It
ili'm t" i iii i' 'M'* 'I"'*" » [ '■'"* '"' """" ■"■' '•• — .' r. I .... . ..
«Hr;V The ----"•'"■Vtt.M ^I:!VHH??S
be ralhor »»me m.iuiiiiim b.!yoim the hruoli I < dr. i, «» V' «" iberft w. ro now u|io/) it, a. Joiie-
dir^Trir/iSiiei •: rhiXoLtiiiLtrebvii'u;: i tei-rh^iih'aiU ....a .., «. ia. v. «... «
DOOK vi.-iiur. V.
wt
H:y:
>»\t
I. it'i li» It f»UU «(>rf ll H'li r>Uiril l>)r thou iMl
H,^ iliil itn^ <iii« of ihnu tiiniir wiiti hit III*. I Mw ll, itnil itn^ mil th» r «»mI« Ihiit fnMi<w»'l •»
(OIK* w«r« bttrni In ik* rIoUurt lhriiiwl>r«.
A l'»l*<> )ir»|ilirl WM tho iMCMiiin nf llinr |ir.<i'
uU'* lUttmi'tliiii,* whu hml ihikIo « |iulilii' iifn<
rlitniiiliim tn iho lUy thai ^»r)r lU), lhn( "(lull
niiiiiiiniKlxl ihviii ••• K»t4tpU|NMi tha Unilil**, iiihI
Hint Ihrr* Ihry •houtil r>i ■ i«« iiiirmuliiil* •inn*
fur th«ir ilrltKntnr*." Mow, llivm MM llint •
%tf«i nittulxr iif fiiU* prii|>(irM>*<ilHirnril l>; lh«
Un«iil>l<i liii|Rii* >Ml ihi' iiroiifi^ whii ilmiiiuiu'crl
Ihit t» Ihnu, lliHl lh< r •tiiiiilil wml (or ililivrr'
(iii'K frulii liiial; mill Ihia «*■• In unit r l» lit'«|i
(h«'in fmni ilrarrliii|(, mill Ihul lh>'> iillfflil li"
lnio)«il u|i •liiiiri' lirur iiml rar* liy •iiili lui|i«t.
^ll>w, • man Ihnl !• in ailvvnil) ilix* rii>il)i ■ nM'
ply With aiirli iirouiiir*) f^tt wlitn mth n •nlu-
crnualiK liMii iiilicvi Ihnl li» thull Ih' ililivnnl
Truni lli')i« itiixrlv* wliii'li immi'*** Imih, IIk n it
U llial ilia iMticnt it full of nii|M'« iil •ui'li di*
it«nv«r*iica.
•3. Tliut Ware tlia niiuralilo |ir<iiilr |M>r<iiiiil<'il
Ujr lli<<a ilvrvJTm, ami mii'li an Ixiinl (hhI liim
n'ff; wh.tr Ihrv ilM iH)l atli ml ii«ir givr fftilil In »i>l«;» '"«•» In* l"ur wlnit«, n »olra a(ain«t J«r«h
of ■(> iiiiKHltnililk a Aalnrr at In ilr«<r«a iurll
•i||uwl<, liir, lirfiir* ■iiiiMlHwf , rliaricili aa<l
lriMi|M iif •ohilira Ui Ihnr urnior war* arm run'
nlnit nlhiiil aniiiKK Ih* rlnutlii, ami •urniiiitilinK
111 I'llix Miirriitar, »l Ihal IrMi whirh wr lall
fdilrnxl, a« Iha |irl«>U otr* K"!**! ^y I'ifkl
Inlii Ilir IHKor [riiurl of ihal l»iii|>l>',) aa Ihrlr
I'lwliiiii waf, III iMffiirni Ihrir lai-rrd nilniilra-
liiViit, Ihry •aid, iJial In tliv llr>l plarr Ihry f*ll •
iiuaklHg, KDil hiaril a (rral nni'r, ami alli r Ihtl
tnry hvaril a ■niiiiil at iif a niiilliluitv, taylngi
" l,ail 111 ri uiimr hinir." lliil whul l« ■III) iiiur*
l#rf tlili , llirri' ntaa >in» Jr Ihi< Min of A114
a |il< lioiaii ami n liu'liiimlniHli, who, fmir \
lirlorr Iha war lit'Kaii, nml al it tiliir whrn
ritjr wki In iriry Kreat iwarr nnil |iroi|H'rlhr,
raniv>i> lhal Iraal whi'r<>tin il !• iiiir 1 iMtoin (ur
•wry oil" lo iiiako Inliiriiartrt In (loil In Iha
Irmiilr,!! lirKan on a tiiililin lo rry aloiiil, "A
viiicr ironi thr iiol, a voiir from llir witl, •
Ih* liicnt Ihnl wrri' an «viil»nl, ami illil ao pliiinly
forrlt'll Ihnr fiilurn ili'uilallun, hul likv iikii in-
falualril, wilhuilt rllhrr ryaa lA ar* nr niiiiila In
conaiilor, iliil nut rrKiinl ihr ilrnu^irialiona Ihnl
Oi»U inailr to ihnu. I'hiia ihrri" Win a atiirf r«'-
Miiililinica aworil, which atiiixl ovar thi) rily, iiinl
BCiiniili^ Ihnl runliuiK'l • wholn yiar. i'hiia
•lao Ixliirv (liv Jrwt' rnballliin, anil iKfora Ihnal'
coniniuliiina whiiih prirritrd lh« war, whrn Ihi-
pcufilr wirv coiiin 111 ^rrat rrnwil* to thr finit
of unlravrnril Drcnii, nn Ihn aiKhlh ilay of lli*i
lliulilh .Xiinlhii'iia,! | Niann, | ami iil llit* ninth hour
of ttui iiikIiI, •" Kri'Hl a light ahuiir roiinil ll i^
■liar ami tlui holy kouav, that il apmarrtl tn lie
bright liny linic; whii'h light laateil fur hall' iin
hour. Thia light •••••ninl t» lir a goixl al;'n to llm
DiiakiH'ul, lilt) wna an inl«r|irelri( liy ll|< anrrcil
•crMirf aa lu |HirU'iUl thoa* avciita that rollowrit
iiMlivJiaU'Iy u|ion it. At iha iaiiio fratival alto
»lii'ifrr, na ahv wut Uul by thr high prirat Iil l)<l
■acrillceil, brought forth ■ lamb in thr niiilat of
tb« temple. Miireovar, llie raatrrn g»t« of llm
Innrr [court uf the Irinpla,} which wua of lirnaa,
■nil vaatly heavy, uiiil had licen with diUVcult^
•but by Iwi'uly men, and rctlril u|)on n basia
•riued with iron, and had bolu faa|ril<'d very
deep into the linn door, which waa tli<'re jHildo
of ona entire atone, waa aeen to be opened of ita
own accuril about the aixth hour of the nigbl.
Now tliuie lliiit kept wa^ch in the teiuplt! i-aine
hereupon riyiuiiiK to llic captain of th«! temple,
•lid lold hita ofil, whit then came up thither,
•nd4tot williout Krent illAiculty waa able tn abut
the gnto agnin. riiia also appeiirtil to the vulgar
to be It very liapp^pnuJigy, ai i4 (iod did there-
by o|)en tlieiii the gate of liappineaa. Hut the
lueiiuf learning underatood it, Ihnl the lecurlty
of their holy bouae waadiaaolved of ill own ar-
cord, and that the gale waa opened for the nd>
vantttge of their cnemiei. So theae publicly de-
clared Ihnl the aif;nal foreahowed the draoliitiun
that waa coming uimn them. Ueaidet theae, a
few dnyt nftir Ihiit iiantf on the one and twenti-
eth day of the month Arteni'inu* [Jyur,] ■ eer-
tain produgioui and incredible phenomenon ap-
peared: I auppoav the account of it would aeein
* Helaiid heifl juatly Inkea nolloe, that Ihoae Je«rt, whu
had doapiivil llm true f'rujiArl, wvru dvaurviiilly abuaeil
. and ijiiluiliMl liy till'*' /oiaf ii»fj>.
, t WhiilliiT JoM'phua iiiciiiia, lliiil IhiaaMrwaadifli'rcnt
from thai com't whirh lanii'd a wlnili' ynaf. I raiiiiol cer-
tainly ilrtcrintno. ilia wurda liiiMt fuviir thoir lieinf dif-
forent aav (Vum anolhi'r.
t '^ii'"' lim^fUw alill juca llm Byru'Miiccilonlan DiMlk
Xaiuhicu* fur lliv Jowiah inniiih Nliniii.thianih, cr htlf I-
' eeiihiirua rend it, thialXh of XaHlhiriiaiir Niaan waa al
1 1 l i e B t ii th i ' Pn ia i i v i'r n il llin lllh :1 l l » o tl l wi ll
^
•aleni and -{he holy houae. a voir* againai thi
hridegritonia and the brjilra, and a 'Voice ngainal
the wholf |iro|ile." 'I'hia waa hi* rry, aa h« >
wenf about by ilay nml by ni|hl, in all tnr lanft '
of Ihe lily' Miiwrvt r, i< rliiin uf the iiiiiat emi-
nent nniong the |M>pula<-r had greut inilignatinn
at Ihi* dire |;ry of hia, and look up ihr man, and
gave him a great number of aevere alripea; ;|r*l
(lid not hf either aay iiny thing for biiiiailf. or
any fhing pxiillikf to thoaellial ihnaliaril him,
but alill went on wilh Ihe taiile worda which ha
cried before. Ili reu|>on our rulera, aMppii*iD(^
H> lli« ca^e proved to be, (h«l Ihi* waa-a lort o^
divine fury In the man, brougM him tn the Ro-
liiun procurator, where hi' waa wf^ipped till h'l
Imnea were laid bare; yet did not he uiake any
■ iipplicialon fur hiiiifrlf, nor abed aily tear*; but
liirning hia voice to the moat lanienlable tons
poatlblV, al every ilroke of the whip hia antwtr
waa, " Wo, wo to Juruaalein." And when At-
binu* (fur he wa* Ihiwi our procurator) aakcd
him, " Who he Wna7 and whence he ramat and
why he uttered auch wnrdal" he made no niM-
ner of reply to what he tatd, but alill did not leave-
off hitrnielancholy diUy, tilf AMiinu* took him
tn be a madman, and dianiUaed hint. Now,
during atjli the time thii«i|)a*aed befortv the vvar
began, Ihia iilan did not go near any of the citi-
ten*, niir wii* aeeii by ttierti while h|Maid iQi
but he every day uttered theae InnienlHble vtordl,
a* if it were hi« preniediliited vow, " Wo, Wo lo
Jeruaalein." Nor did he give Hi Wgih to any of
ihoae that beat hlnl every diiv, nor good worda
to th(i»e that gave him food; but Ihia jam* hi* r*-
ply to all men, and, indeed, no other than n ni«-
lancholya prcaage of what WM to come . Thia cry
of hia wk* Ihe loudeat Kt Ihe fealiviiU; and h*
continued thi* ditty for aeven year* and five
iliontba, without growing boane, or being tired
therewith, until the very lime that (lie *aw bit
preaage in earneat fulfilled in our ai«|te, when it
ce»»ed; for a* he wa* going rouiidi upon the
wall, he cried out with hi* ulinnd force, " Wo,
wo to the city anln, and to Ihe pcoiile. and to
the holv hou*e." And juat a* he iddcd at the
la*t, " Wo, wo to inyaelf alto," there ceme •
iil. aoet. 1. And it mlxht well be, lb*t> tk« eight of
thoan thia extraordinary lidht mi^hf yinekr.^*'
( Thia hum aw-ma lo lie iIm> riiu/l of Ihe pflvata.
11 lluth Hi-hiiiri and Ilnirn'iiimi in 'hia |iUcii altar the
naturul piiiiciuatioii and atn*"" of Joaephtta, and thi* eon.
Irnty lo llic opiiiinn of Viili'«iua and Dr. Iludaon, Irat Jo-
aephua ahonid auy, that tho Jiwa built liootha orleiiU
•ril/Ua Ihn temple, at Ihn fi'aal of Tnlietnacl.'a ; which the
tailor ralibina will not alow lo hove txi-n tho ancient praj-
li«i : but llicn, aince it la ctproaaly lold ua in NeliBjrilan,
Ilea. I«« .
Uino wo liiiirn from Si. John tlini mainj uat^d:tk^|fi) ovf%
lit ceaairy la Jerueann la furifi) tkemtelvei, Juhnxit
M with xii. 1, in af rttemeat with JoMphut alao, B. v. ch,
liii. HI, Ihnl in alill elder tintn
I Jeie» marfa
i^hnmlah,
ftai^w le
roarfji uf Iki Jkwaa <f God at that fcalival. ^avjihu* !
ifiiy well he wrmitlcd 10 aay Ihe a»me. Anil, ind«*ll,«i
the modern Tabbin* are of very •mall authority in aifilidp
isaltar* of remote ■ntiqaity ^
558
WARS OF THE JEWS.
m
iton« out of one of the eriKinex, and iniote liiiii,^
ami killed him iiiiiiiciliately ; uiul, a% he waa ut-*
Urin^ (he very laiue pretagei, he gave up the
(boet. .
4. Now,' if «Dy one coniidcr theie thingi, he
wilt filid that God takei care o( mankind, And by
ii\\ waya paiitible foreshowa to our race what it
for their preiervation, liut^hat men perith by
thoae niiieriei which tliey madly and Tuluntarily
bring upon themttlvea; for the Jvwa, by demo-
litliing the lower of Anionia, had made their
temple four-«juare, while at the aanie time they
bad it written in tUcir lacred oraclea, tbiit " then
■hould their cit^ be teken, aa well at their holy
house, when once tneir temple iihould become
four-tquare." Uut now, what did the aioat ele-
vate them in underlakiiig thiit war^' waa an am-
biguuua uracle tlint was found. aUo in their aa-
cred wrilingH, how, " about that lime one from
their country ahuiild become governor of the ha-
bitable eartn.'* The Jews took thii prediction
to belong to theni»lves in particular, and nian^
of the wiae men were thereby deceived in tlM^ir
determination. Now, this oracle certainly de-
noted the government of Vcapaaian, who wai ap-
pointed cnipfTor in Judca. However, it is not
possible for men to nvuid fate, although tliey see
It beforehaud. flut these men interpreted some
of these signals according to their own pleasure,
and some of them they utterly despised, until
their madness was denionstruted, both by the
taking of their city, and their own deitrvction-
CHAP. VI. ■
. vHbir tilt Roman$ carried Iheir Entigns to the
I'emjtle, andmadejoyful^cclamationtto Titus.
The Speech that Tilua made to the Jew when
they made Supplication/or Mercy, l^hat Re-
ply they made thereto;, and how that Rtply mo-
ved Titui'i Indignation against them. '
} 1. And now the Romans, upon the flight of
the seditious into the city, and. upon the burning
of the holy house itself, and of nlltfafe buildings
round about it, brought their ensigns to the tem-
ple,* and set them over against its eastern gate;
and there did they offer sacrifices to them, and
there did they make Titus Iiuperator,t ^ith the
greatest acclamations of joy. And now all tlie
soldiers had -fluch vast quantities of the spoils
whicii they had gotten by- plunder, that in .Syria
i.-:^-)r.noundweight of gold was sold for half its former
value. %ut. as for those priests that kepllhem-
telves still upon the wall of the holy house,')'
there was a. boy that, out of the thirst he was in,
desired some of the Roman guards to give him
their right hand as a.sccurity for his life, and
' confessed he was verj''tlnrstj".- These guards
commiserated his age, and the distress he was in,
and~gave him their riglit hands accordingly. So
he caitie down himself and drank some water,
and filled tli^ vessel he had with him when h»
came to tbcifi wit^atcr, and tNcn weiit olf, and
fled away .t^y^oh'!! friends; nor Could ajiy of
those guatlui^l^iiike him; but still they re-
proached l/im wr his perfidiousness. To which
be ninde thij answer: ■" I h*ve not broken the
agreement; for the seciirity I had given me was
not in otderto my staying with you, but only in
onler to niy connng <fown safely, "and taking up
■ome water: both which things 1 have! perfurni-
ed,'and thereupon think luyacif to have been
faithful to niy engagement." HeAupon those
• Take Havcrcamp's note hero.—" This," sajrs ho, " is a
remarkablo place :" and Tertullian truly saymn his Apo.
iogotic, ch. xvi. p. 162, that "the ciiiiro tclisioii «f tlio
Boman camp Simust consisteil in wor^hmpin^' ifio ensigns,
in itvearing by tlio ensigns, and in. prclcirini; llio ensigns
beruce all llie fotlier] goils." Set' what IlavvrcaiDp says
apon that place ofTcriuIlisn '
tThis declaring Tilus tmprrqtor by llie mldicrs. upon
whom the child had impond ijpon admired at hit
cunning, and that on account of hit age. On Iha
filth day afterWard, Ihe'prieits Ihat were p^ned
with the famine came down, and when they were
brought to Titut by the guaAls, lliey begged for
their lives: but ho replied, that " the lime of
eardon wat over at to Ihein, and that this very
oly house, on whose accqunt only they could
justly hope lo be nreterved, wat destroyed, and
that It was agreeable lo their oiKce, that iiiiekis
should perish with the house itself to whicii they
belonged." So he ordered Ihein to be put to death.
2, But as for the tyrants tbemaelves, and llioiie
that were with them, when they found that they
were encompassed on evefy side, and, as it were,
walled round, without any method of escaping,
they desired to treat with Titut by word of luoiith.
Accordingly, such was the kindhea* of his nature,
and liis desire of preserving (lie city from ile-
slTUctiun, joined to the advice of his friends, who
now thought the robbers were conie to a tvinper,
that ho placed himself on the Western side ot the
outer [court of the] teiiijile ; for therje were i^iitet
on thift tide above the Xystus, and a briilge that
coit^eCled liie upper city to the temple. This
bridge it was that lay between the tyrai|l| niiil
Caesar, and parted tliein; while the niullittide
ttoud;'on each side, those of the Jewish nation
ub6B\SiniOn and John, with great hopes of par-
don, jind the 'Romans about Cupsar, in great ex-
pectation how Titus would receive- their suppli-
cation. So Titus cliai'ged his toldicftto restrain
their rage, and let their dnrts alone, and hp<
pointed an interpreter between Ihein, whic(| was
a sign that he wa's the conqi|mib/nd lii'ift Uigan
the discourse, and said: "l.^^W|you, SiV', are
now satiated with the m\iimMw>Jf your cuiinlry,
who have not had any jiMt'nnJpU, eilhef ot our
great power, or of your ttwpTlfren weakness, but
have like madmen, after a yiqient and incon'
siderate manner, made such attempts as, have
brought your people, your city, and your holy
house, to dei'truction. You have been Ihi' men
that liaye never left of1° rebelling since Tuiiipcy
first conquered you ; and have, since that lime,
.made open war with Ijie Romans. Have you de-
pended on your multitude, while a very small
part of the Roman soldiery have been strong
enough for you? Have you relied ou the fidelity
of your confederates? And what nations are
there, out of the limits of our dominion, that
would choose to assist the Jews before the Ro-
mans? Areyourbodiesslronger than ours? Nay, ^
you know Dial the [strong] Germans theinselvet '
are our servants. Have you stronger walls than
we have? I'ray, wliat greater obstacle, is there
than the wall of the oceanr with .which the
Uritons are encompassed, aA yet do adore the
arms of the Romans? Do you exceed us in cou-
rage of soul, and the sagacity of your coiii-
niauders? Nay, indeed, you cannot but know Ihat
the very Carthaginians" have been conciucrcd by
us. It can therefore be nolhiiie certainly but the
kindness of us Romans which nalh excited you
against iis; who, in the first place, hare givrii
vou this laud to possess; andi-in the next place
have set over you kings of your own nation,
and, in the third place, nave preserved the lawa
of your forefathers to you, and have withal per-
mitted you to live, either by yourselves or .imong
others, us it should please you; and, what is our
chief favor of all, we have given you leave to
gather up that tribute which is paid to God. J
Iho Romans in like cases, as Roland assures us on ibit
place.
t Tlio Jews of later times agree wiih JnscphuK, that
there wero tiiding pltices or seetct eliamliers abuat the
huty house, as Kelund here informs us. where ho lliinki
he has fiiuiid these very wulU described by them.
§ SiHinbeim nutes here, that the Romans used to permit
the Jews to collect their snered tribute, and send it to Je-
ha v e l i ii i l abundant e» id e iic « In
faih tiirnul success, and the'i^laugtiter ot Kucli ft vustnum- I ruKalein ; <>f wliu:li we
b«r of enemies, wot uccoi.ding to tl)0 usual prai^tiee of | Josephus already un other-Qccations.
ITOOH-
Jt ■■ .,-..
nOOK VI.— CHAP. VII.
559
friih loch other gifts that Arc Hcilicatr<l tn him;
nor hnve w« ciilliil thoic (Iml ciirriy'l thi'jr <lti-
iiiitioni tu acruiiiit, nor ]>r»liil>itc(l thciii; till ut
Iciiglli }i)U Imciiiiiii richtr llmir wv oiimrlfM.
Cyt'ii tvhi'ii yuu \v«rv uur tmliiiiii; iiiiil \uii ii>uil«
preimraliaiu («r tvar u;(»ini.t iih t\illi 'our , oivri
niuiiiy; nuy. hIIit all, ivlitui jdu ivtir in l)ut *ji-
joyiiiiiit ui all ihtte iulvaat^i);<:ii, y<iu tiiriicd-yoiir
lou i^nat plenty againut lIiuHr that |;tivi' it yuii,
anil, like m<Tcili:^» sarpint', hiijr lliriitvn iiiit
yuur poison nj^iiinst tlniH- tliiit tiratoil yi^ii kinilly.
1 luppoiP, th<;r<'fi)Tc, that you nii|;l't ilr''|)i'«: the
■lothluinins o( NrTo,.ut\d, liki' linilia of tlir liody
that arc hroki>n or ilitlucatr.d, yoii iliil tlii'ii lir
quieli waiting for Honie other tiinn, lhon<{h Blill
with a Mialirioui intrntion, ipid have liow thnun
your (liateinpcr to bo grialii^ than ever, nn^d^vr
C!^l«hde(l your tlcsirrs a* fur as your in^Rknl
1 and imnirnat.' hopm would eniihlv vou (Wjllrit.
At thia linifl uiy fiitht'r I'anii' into tliin country,
Sot with a design to puniiih ywu for what you hud
oiie under Ceatius, but to adniimi<ili yonj for,.
had he come to overthrow your nation, he had
run directly to your fountain-hend, and had ii^-
mediately laid this city wante ; whereas h$ went
•ud hurnl Galilee and the ner);lil)orin>; parH,
and thereby gave you time for repentance: which
instance ol humanity you took lor an argument
of his weaknera, and Uouri?>hed up your impu-
dence by our mildness. When Hito was gone
out oS the world, you did as the wickiilent
wretches would have done, and encouraged your-
selves to net against us by our civil diHsemiions,
and abused that time, wht^n both I and my father
. iver« gone away for Kgypt to nmk); preparations
or this war. Nor were you axhamed to raise
disturbances Against us when we were made em-
perors, and this while you hint experienced how
mild we had been, when we W'ere no more than
generals of the army. But when the government
was devolved upon us, and all othir people did
thereupon lie quiet, ond even foreign nations
sent embassies, and congratulated, our acciHs to
the govcrnlijeut, then did V()U .lews show your-
selves to be our enemies. Vou sent eml>a»!>ie» to
those of your nation that are beyond I'.uplirates,
to assist you in your raising disturbances; new
walls were built by you rtmnd your cily, se<lition
arose, and one tyrant contended against another,
and a civil war broke out among you; such in-
deed as became none but so wicked a people as
you are. I then came to this city, as unwillingly
lent by my father, and received liielancholy in-
junctions from him. When I heard that the peo-
ple were disposed to peace, I rejoiced at H: I
exhorted you to leave otl these proceedings, be-
fore I began this war: I spared yon even when
you had (ought against nie. a great while: 1 gave
my right hand as a security to the deserters: I
(Observed what I bad promised faithfully. When
they fled to me, I had compassion on many of
those that I ^ad taken captive : I tortured tliose,
that were eager for war, in order to restrain
them. It was unwillingly that I brought my en-
einea of war against your walUt I always pro-
nibited my soldiers, when they were set upon
your slaughter, from their severity against you.
After every victory I persuaded you to peace, as
though I had, been myself conquered. When I
came near your temple, I again :(leparted from
the laws of way, and exhorted you to spare your
own sanctuary, and to preserve your holy house
to yourselves. I allowed you a quiet exit out of
it and security for your preservation : nay, if
you had a mind, I gave you lea /e tO'fi^ht in ano-
ther place. Yet have you still despised every
one of my proposals, and have set bre to your
holy house with your own bands. And now, vile
watches, do you desire to treaty with me by
word of mouth? Tp what purpose is it that yoli
iT Ould ga ve such a h o ly hous e as this w a s , w hich
if now destroyed 1 VV hat preservation can you
HOW deiire, after the destruction of your temple''
Yet do you stand still at this very time in ySw
nrnivr; nof can ynu bring yourselves so mu^h
as to pri(( imI tii fie siipplicanls even in this vour
utmost exiriniity. () uiisi-rsble creatures! VViiai
is ityou di peuToii? Are not your people deatjt
is nOt your holy house gone? is not your city ia
ihy power ^ and are not your own very lives IB
my liandn? And do you still deem it a part of
valor to diit However, I will not imitate your
niailiii^«)i. Iftyou wiJI throw down your arms, and
deliver up ~^ our lioilies to nie, I grant you vour
lives: anil I wdl act lit.c q niihl master of a ninii-
ly; what cannot l>e healed shall he punished, and
tlie rest I will preserve for my own use."
3. To that oll'er of Titus they made this reply,
thiyt " llie.y coidil not accept of it, becau-e tney
had sworn never to do so, but they, desired they .
might have leave to go through the waM that had
been made about tlieui, with their wives and
children ; for that they would go into the destrt,
and liavi: the city to him." At this Titus had
great Indignation,' that, ivhen they were in. the
case of men already taken captives, they should
pretend to mal^e their own terms with him, as if
they had been ccmqucrora.- Hr> he onlered thia
proclamation to be made to them, that "they
shoijd no mure come out to him as deserters, nor
hope for any further security ; for that he would
heiicefurlh spare nobody, biit fight tlieni with hit
whole army; and that they might save them-
selves as well OS they could; for tlist he would
from henceforth treat them accordinglo the laws
of war." Ho he gave orders to the sohli<tl'S hoth
to burn and to plunder the city, who did nothing '
indeed (hat dny, but on the next day t)iey Set fire. '
to the repository of the archives, to Acra, tpithje;
coUncil-bpuse, and to th-; place caUeirOphlad; at '
which linic the lire proceeded as fur as the paloce;
(jf cjueen ll<:lena, which ivas in the middle of ^
Acra; the lanls also were burnt down,.as:wer«
alio those houses that were full of the dead bodica
of such as were destroyed by famine.
4. On the same day it was, that the sons and
brethren of Uates the king, together with many
other of the eminent men of th^ populace, got
together there, and besought Ciesarto give them
hii right hand for their security; upon which
though he was very angry at all that were now
reniaining, yet did lie iiot'lay aside his old inode
ralion,-but received these men. At that time in
deed, he kept them all in custody, but still bound
tlie king's sons and kinsmen, and led them with
him to Kome; in order to make them hostage} fui
their country's fidelity to the Romans.
CHAP. VII.
IVhat aflemards befdl the Seditious, when thty
had done a great deal ufMiichief, and differed
many Miifortunea; and also hoio Ca$ar bccan{*
Matter of the upper City.
} 1. Am> now the seditio'us rushed into, the
royal palace, into which many had put their effects,
because it was so strong, and drove the Koiuani
away from it. They also slew all the people that
had crowded into it, who were in number about
eight thousand four hundred, and pluudercfl them
of what they had. They also took two of the
Romans alive; the one was a horscmati and the
other a footman. They then cut the throat of
the footman, and immediately had him drawn
through the whole city, as revenging themselvet
upon the whole body of the Romans by this one
instance. ISut the horseman said he had some-
what to suggest to thcni in order to their preser-
vation; whereupon he was brought before Simoni
but he having nothing to say when he was there,
he was delivered to Ardalas, one of his com-
mand^, to be punished, who bound his hands
behind him, and put a riband OTcr his eyes, and
th e n b r ought him out ov e r a g ain s t th e Rom a n s ,
th e n b r ought him out ov e r a g ain s t th e Rom a n s ,
as intending to cut off bis head. But the man
prevented that execution, and ran away to the
&00
WARS OF THP JEWS,
Raniui, *oA thli *hile the Jcwiih executioner
wu drawing qiit hit iworJ. Npw when he wai
)tteD away' from the cniiuy. Titut couW not
link of putting him to dfath, but becauic he
S^i
Ulna oi uuoiiiK "•■" •" —-."I
deeoied hiui unworthy of being n Roman loldicr
aaeuicu Miui uM»»wi»«/ «■ «»...__ — --- —
•or longer, on account that he had been taken
•live bv the enemy, he took away hia aripi, and
•iected him out of the legion whereto he had be-
longed, which, to one thnt had a lenie of »hame,
wu a pcnalU aeverer than death ittelf.
2. On the ne»t day, the Romani drove the rob-
bert cat of the lower city, and iet all on fire »»far
•s Siloam. Thene ioldicri were indeed glad lo
tee the city deilroyed. But they ni'««ed the
plunder, becauie the •editioui'had carried oil all
their effecU, and were retired into the up(>er
city ; for they did not yet at all repent of the iim-
chiefi they, had done, but were imolent •• if they
bad done well} for at they taw the city on fire,
tbey appeared cheerful, and put on joyful coun-
Unancesj in expectation, as they taid, of death
to end their niiseriei. Accordingly, a» the peo-
Sle were now »lain, the holy house wa» burnt
own, and the city wa» on fire, there wa» nothing
fiirtherleft for the enemy to do. Yet did not Jo-
Mphui grow weary even in thia utmost extrenii-
ty; to beg of them to spare what was left of the
City; he spoke largely to them about their bar-
barity ancTimpiety, and gave thein his advice in
order to their escape, though he gained nothing
thereby more than to be laughed at by them ;
•nd as they could not think of surrendering theni-
hIvcs up, because of the oath they had taken,
nor were strong enough to fight with the Romaiit
•ny longer upon the square, as being surround-
«d on all sider, and a kind of prisoners already,
yet were they so accustomed to kill people, that
they lould not restrain their right hands from
kcting accordingly. So they dispersed thera-
ielves before the city, and laid themselves in am-
bush among its ruins, to catch those that attempt-
ed to desert to the Romans; accordingly many
tucb deserters were caught by them, and were
■11 slain; for these were too weak by reason of
their want of food to fly away from thtio ; so their
dead bodies were thrown to the dogs. Now every
other sort of death was thought more tolerable
than famine, insomuch, that though the Jews de-
spaired of mercy, yet would they fly to the Ro-
mans, and would theniielvcs, even of their own
•ccord, fall among the murderous rebels also.
Kor was there any place in the city that had no
dead bodies in it, but what was entirely cover-
ed with those that were killed either by the fa-
mine or the rebellion; and all was full of the dead
bodies of such as had perished either by that se-
dition or by that famine.
3. So now the last hope which supported the
tyrants and that crew of robbers who were with
them, was in the caves and caverns under ground ;
whither, if they could once fly, they did pot ex-
■ pert to be searched out, but endeavored, that
Jifter the whole city should be destroyed, and the
Romans gone awav.they might come out again,
tod. escape from them. This was no better than
• dream of theirs, for they were not able to lie
bid cither from God or from the Romans. How-
ever, they depended on these underground sub-
terfuges, and set more places on fire than did the
Romans themselves; and those that fled out of
their houses thus set on fire, into the ditches,
they killed them without mercy and pillaged
them also; and if they discovered food belonging
to any one, they seiied upon it and swallowed it
down, together with tbiir blood also; nay, they
• J. «. Mount Sion.
tThis innumerable maftitudo of Jews that were sold
hj the Komaiw, wore an eminent completion ofGods an-
ewnt thrcatcnins by Moses, that, if they apo«tali«ed from
.,--: 1 i : 1^ u;.. I » i l tn« ul i niilj 1|M M n la i tn f o tkt tr
were now come to 4ght one with anolher abont
their plundpr; and I cannot hot think, that had
not their destruction prevenjidil, their barbarily
would have made them tarte even of the dead
bodies theiuselvei.
CHAP. vin.
Uov> Camr taiitd Bfmk$ round about lh» upptr
City," and whtn Ihiy wrre C(mpM*d,gav* or-
dir$ that Iht Machines tKouU be brovfhi. H§
thtnfO$itutdhim$tlfo/theipholrC*ty.
t 1. Now when Ciesajr perceived that the up-
per city was so steep that it'could not possilily
be taken without raising banks against it, he dis-
tributed the several parts of that Work among
his army, aod thia on the twentieth day of thii
month Lous, [Ab.] Now the carriage of the ma-
terials was a difficult task, since all the trees, ••
I have already told you, that were about the city
within the distance of a hundred furlongs, had
their branches cut off already, in order to make
the former banks. The works that belonged to
the four legions were erected on the west <ideof
the city, over against the royal palace; but the
whole body of the auxiliary troops, with the rest
of the multitude that were with them, [erect^
their banks! at the Xystus, whence they reach-
ed tO'the bridge, and that tower of Simoh which
he had built as a citadel for himself against John,
when they were at war with one another.
2. It was at this time that the commanders of
the Idumeans got together privately, and too|(
counsel about surrendering up themselvea to the
Romans. AeCordingly, they sent five men to
Titus, and^otreated hini to give them his right
hand for^^k security. So Titus thinking that
the tyranf^^Hd yield, if the IdunieHns, upon
whqiii a g^i^Port of the war depended, were
once withdflm from them, afterionie reluctanCy
and delay, complied with them, and giive them
security for their livea, 'and sent the five men
back. But as these idumeans were preparing;
to march out, Simon perceived it, and immedi*
ntely slew the fivfl men that had cone to ^itus,
--•' took their coinmandeis, and :puf them in
their obedienco to his Iuwb, Ihcv kUouIJ lie soW »nfclkar
M«ni« fur bondmen and bondKomtn, Peut. uviii. 6H.
(he more especially the note on ch.'ix. sect.. 3. But <me
t^ing here is pecnluriy temarkaUs, that Moses adda.
and lu.uiv IIJICII uym»ii«ii"»;»',, "•»« ^M* ..-w... —
prison, of whom the must ciuineiit was Jacob the
son of Sosas: but as for the multitude of the Idu-
nienns, who did not at all know »vhat to do, now
their commanders were taken from them, he bad ^
them watched, and secured the walls by • more
numerous garrison. Yet could not that garrison
resist those that Were deserting, for although^ ■
great number of them were slain, yet were the
deserters many more in number. These wjBre
all received by the Romans, because Titus him-
self grew negligent as ,to his former orders for
killing them, and because the very soldiers grew
weary of killing them, and because thej hoped
to Hct some money by 'sparing them; for tney
left only the populace, and aold the rest of the
multituue,f with their wives and (children, and
every one of them at a very low price; and that
because such as were sold were yery many, •ad
the buyers were few: and although Titus had
made proclamation beforehaml, that no deserter
should come alone by himself, that so they might
bring out thejr families with them, yet did he re-
ceive such as these also. However, he set over
them such at were to distinguish lome from
others, in order to see if any of Ihem deserved
to be punished. And indeed the number of those
that were sold was immense; but of the popolace
about forty thousand were saved, whom Cxaar
let go whither every one of them pleaicd.
3. But now at this time it was that one of the
Thoach they should be mid for slaves; yot »e «i«« ibauld
buy ljiem;t.e. either they should have none to redeem
them from this sale ioto slavery; or, rather, that the
slavcii lo be wid should bo more than *rerc the purchaKit
fu r thorn, and so thoy i h oti l d be so l d fur i l i t tl nornothini ;
lo r tncmi ami bo luwy ■ h mwih iw , amw i wi ■ ■'" ■ li w i nr w-
wbioh is what Josephus hen affirms to have bean tba
case at this time.
BOOK VI.^CHAP. IX.
501
SriMtit thfe MB of Thcbuthui, whoae iH<iiie wM
nui, upoa hit Having itcurity tivcn him liv
t|i« oith uf Cicur, (hat he i<hoiil<{ he prfivrvcd,
Hpop condition (hat he •hoiihl ilrliverto hinicrr-
taia of the prcciout tiiingt that had been rrpoii-
ted in the tenlple,»'eom« nut of it, and dflivt.r«d
him from the wall of the holy houic two candle-
(tickii lil|« to (hoM (hat lay in the holy house, with
tablei, and ciiternii, and.vialt, all made of lolid
gold, and very heavy: He kito delivered to him
the veil* and the garntenti, with the precioui
ftooci, and agrcat number of other prcciou* ve»-
tela that belonged to their lacred worship. The
trcaiiirer of the tempi* alio, whoae name wan
Phioeai, waa seized on, and bliowed Titua the coats
andgiidlei of the priests, with a great quantity
of purpU and scarlet, which were there reposi-
ted for the uses of the veil, a( also a great deal
pf cinnamon and caaaiu, with a large iiuuntilv of
other sweet spices which uaed to be mixed, to-
gether,^ and offered as incense to God every day.
by force, nor, indjed, hv any other way than by fti- ■
mine. Ami thus did the Kouiana, when they had
taken aui'h Krr»t|>ains abcml wcakiT walls, get
by good lorluni; what thry could never have gol>
ten by thiir enginea: I'tif three uf these towcri
were too strong lor nil ntcchanical ehgiiiea what
soever, concerning which we have treated of b«>
fore.
5. So they now left these towers of themselves,
or rather they were tjectt^d out uf them by Uod
himself, and lied inimt-ri lately to that valley which .
was under Silukm, where they again recovered
themselves nut of the dread they were in for a
while, and ran viuliMitly against that imrt 9<' ika
Koiiian wall'which lay un that side; hut as their '
cuurage wua (uo niHcb depressed to ina!(e their
attacks with sufficient force, and their powtr was
now broken with feur and affliction, they wri»
reputed hy the gimrd*, and dia|)eraing theni-
selves at dintancl* from each other, went down
A great many other treasures were also deliver-
ed to him, with Mcrcd ornamenta of the temple
not a few; which things thus delivered to Titua
obtained of him for this man the same pardon
that he had allowed to such as deserted of their
own accord.
4. And now were the banks finished on the
seventh day of the tl|oa(h Corpieu* [Klul,] in
eighteen days' time, jirhen the Ruiiiana brought
tlieir machines a|;uinatH)ie wall. But for the ne-
difious, some ol (hem, as despairing of saving
(he city, retired from the wall to the citadel;
others of them went dowii into the eublerrancan
va'ults, tliough still a great iuany of them defviul-
ed themselves against those that brought (he
engines for the hattery: yet did the Ttomans
overcome (hem by (heir nunib<r, and by (heir
•(reng(h; and, wha( was the principal tiling of
all, by going cheerfully' about their work, while
(he Jews were quite dejected, and become weak.
Now,_ as soon as a part of the wallwns battered
downrand certain of the towers yiehlcd to the
impression of (he ba((ering-ranis, tlmae that op-
posed (hemaetves fled away, and such a terror
fell upoa (he tyrants, as viaa much greater than
^he^occaslOD required ; for before the enemy got
prer the breach, (hey were qui(e stunned, and
were immediately for flying away. -^A-id >low
one might see these men, who had hitherto been
so insolent and arrogant in their wicked practices,
to be cast down, and (o tremble, insomuch that
it would pity one's heart to ubaervv the change
that was made in those vile persons. Accord-
iogly, they ran with great violence upon the Ro-
man wall that enconipaaH^d them, in order to
force awny those that guarded it, and to break
through i(, and get away. Hut when they aaw
that tnosft who had formerly beeiv faithful to
them, had gone aWay, (as indeed they were fled
whithersoever the great distress they were in
per<.uaded theoi to flee,) as also when thqsv that
came running before the rcaf told tlieni that the
western wall was entirely Overthrown, while
others said the Romans were gotten in, and
others that they were near, and Vooking nut for
them, which were oidy the dictates of their fear,
which imposed upon their sight, they fell upon
tneir face, and greatly lamented their own iiind
conduct; and th«ir nerves wiBre so terribly loosed,
that they could not flee away. And here. one
may chieily reflect on the power of God exer-
cised upon these wicked wretches, and on the
rood fortune of the Romans; for these tyrants
did now whpllv deprive themselv<;.s of the se-
curity they hail in thSSr own power, and canie
dowii from those very towers of their own ac-
cord, wherein (hey could hare never been taken
* What beakmc <>f these anoila «f the temple that cs-
abcd the tiro. st'C Jnarnhus niiuM'ir hOT'MiOfr, B. vii. ch.
— •= : — ^ 1^ , 1 I I / ^..--f ' - m i !■ ■ -. i iMi tna
into the subterranean inVerns. So the Itomans
being now become muatf rs of the walla, tlity
botl/ placed their englnek upon the lowers, aird
madf^juyful acclaiiiatiuiia for the \ictory they had
gained, as Imviiig found the end of tjiia warmiich
righter than its beginning: fur when they had
gotten upon the Inst v\ull without any bloodnhcd,
they could hardly believe what tlity found to be
true; but seeing nobody to oppuite them, tiiey
Htood in doubt what such an unusual solitude
could mean. But when they went in numbers
into the lanes of the city, with their sWords
ilrawn, tliey slow those whom they overtook
without niercy, and set lire to the houses whither
the Jews were fled, and burnt every soul in them,
and laid*.wastc a great many of (he rest; and
when (he^. were come to (he houses (o plunder
(heui, (hey found in (hem entire families uf dead
men, and (be upper rooms full of dead dlVptef, '
(hat if, of such as died by the famine; they (hen
ttoud in n hi/rror at this siuht, and went out with-
out (ouchhig any (hiug. Bu( »l(hough (hey had
this comiiiiseration for such na were destroyed
in that manner, yet had they not the sajue fur
those that Were still alive, but they ran every one
through whom they met ivitli, and obstt#:trd the
very lanes with their dead bodies, and made (he
whole, (ity run down wi(h blood, (u such a de-
gree indee(l (hat (he fire of niany of (he houaei
was (luenched with these men's bloud. And truly
so it lrap|iencd, that though (he ahiyera left off at
the evening, ye( did the fire greatly prevail in
the liight; and aa^ull was burning, caine that
eighth day of the month Gorpieua [Klul,] upon
Jerusalem, a city (hat had been liable to so many
miseries during (his siege, that, hail it always en-
joyed asiiiuch TiDppiness from its first foundation,
It would certainly have been the envy of ^the
world. Nor did it un any uther account so much
deserve these sore misfortunes, us by producing
such a generulion of men ns were the occasion
of this it.1 overtliruw.
CHAP. IX.
n^hat Injunclion* Caiarffare when ht was com*
within Ihi City. The niimher nfihe Caplitti,
andnf thQitthat ftrished in the Siege; ataUa
concerning those that had escaped into Ihesut'
tetranean Capems, anionic whom were the <y-
rants Simon and JohnJhi'iiselees.
{ I. Now when Titus wiis come into this [up-
per] city, he adihired not only some other pUcai
of strength in it, but yai insularly those strong
towers, which the tyruits in their mad conduct
had relinquished: for whrn he saw their solid al
(idide, and (he largeness of their several stones,
and (he exac(ness of (heir joiu(s, as also how
great was thc'ir breadth, and how extensive their
z'm
nfc"
used in the public «r6rahlp uaih-r llcrnd's temple, parti-
I cularly ciiinaniun and cassia ; which Kuland takes parti-
vTseet. S, and KelancI Je Spoliu I'empU. p. vti—i'lK. i cular nvtim iil', as ajicumc with lb» later tastigiooy af
t These various Knrts'nt spices, evfii more than those .! the Tulmadiats.
'. Aar which Moses presuribed. Ez4d. uxi. 31, we ive wi'teH
■ . - -: .73. •■ ■.'■ . ■ 9Y
5C2
WARS or THE JEWS.
length, b« cihrcMcd hifflieir after th« ninnii«r
folluwinf;: " We have c«rtaiiily hAil liod for nur
■niitmit ill thi* wnr, and it w'»» no other Ihaii
God who ejected the Jewi out of Ihne fortifica-
tion!; for what rould the hand* of iiiuii, or an;
marhioei, do toward« overthrowing the«c tow-
tnV' At which tiiiie ho had many tuch di«-
fsouraei to hi* friemli: he aUo let iuol^ (jo free
■t had hren bound liy the tyrunln, and were left
in thtt prisooa. To conclude, when he entirely
dentnliahed the rtat of the tity, and overthrew
ita waija, he left Iheao towera aa a nioiiuinent of
his good fortune, which had proved hit auxiliary,
and enabled him (d take what could not siher-
wiao have been taken by him.
2. And now, aince hia ioldiera were already
quite tired with killing men, and yet there ap-
peared to be n Vaat multitude atill renininiiij'
alive, Ca-aar gave ordera that they ahquld kill
. none but those that were in arHl". and opposed
them, bqt ahould lake the rest alive, liut, to-
gether with those whom they had orders to slay,
ihey slew the aged and infirm; but for those that
were in their ftouiisliiug age, and who might be
uaeful to them, they drove them together into
tlie temple, and ahut them up within the walls of
the court of the women; over which Cx'aar set
one of hia freedmen, a« also Kronto, one of his
ownfrienda, whirh.laal was to determine every
one'a fate, accor<ling to hia nierita. So this Kronto
■lew all thbie thatliad been seditiousi, and rub-
bem, who had been impeached one by another;
butoftheyoungnien he dioscout the tallrtt and
most beautiful, and reserved them for the tri-
umph; and aa for the rest of the multitude llint
were above seventeen years old, he (Hit them into
bonda, and sent thenl to the Kgyptian min<«.*
Titus also-sent a great number into the pruviu-
:*«, aa a present to them, that they nlight be il«-
•troyed upon the theatres, by the sword, and by
the wild beaata; but those that were under se-
venteen years of age were sold for slaves. Kow
during the days wherein Kronto waa diatingui^ih-
ing these iiien, there perished, for want offood,
eleven thousand; some of whom did not taste
any food, through the hatred their j^ardi bore to
them, and others would not take m any when it
was given to them. The multitude also was so
tery great, that tliey were in want even of corn
for their sustenance.
3. Now the numlitrt of thoaethftt were carried
captive during tbi; nhule war wascolleCtedtobc
ninety aeven thousand; as was the number of
thoae who perished during the whole siege eleven
hupdred thousand, the (greater part of whom
were indeed of the same nation, ^with the citi-
zens of Jerusalem,] but iijnt belonging to the city
itself; for they were cuiiie up from all the coun-
try to the feast of unleavened brend,Bnd were on
■ ludden shut up by an army, which at the very first
occasioned so great a stmitness among theui, that
there came a pestilential destruction upon them,
and iioon afterward such a famine as destroyed
theiri more suddenly, i And that this city could
contalA so iuany peopl« in it, is maiufeat by that
* See the wveral predictions, that the Jewa, ifthey be-
came obstinate in Ineir idolatry and wickcdncas. should
be aent a^a>a> or sold, into R^'ynt, t'ur thi'irpuniKlimeut,
Dent, xxv^ii. 08; Jer. xliv. 7; lioa. viii. 13; ix. .t; xi. 4,
i; Esd. XV. lU— 13, with authnnlie RccyrdK, Part k |Hl!;e
40, 121, uiid Keland's I'ulcsliiin, torn. ii. |ia)!o 715.
tThe whole multitude of Jews that were destroyed
daring the en{iro aerea years before this time, in all the
eountiics of and bofderini; on Judek, is summed up by
Archbishop Uahor, from Lypsius, out of Josephus, at the
year ofChrisl 70, andlRhaunts to 1.337,4'.)0. Nor eoi»'d
there have been that number of Jews in Jerusalem to be
destroyod in thia siege, as will be nrcsenUy sut down by
Joaephua; but that both Jews and proselytes of justice
were just then come up out of the other countries uftia-
— W ee , B ama ri a, Judca, P e r e a, and oth e r r e m a tor reginnn ,
number of them which wat taken under Crsliof
who bung desirous of informing Nero of the .
power of the city, who otherwiae was dispoaed
to contemn that nation, entreated the high
prieatf, if the thing were possible, to take iTie
number of their whole multitude. So these high
priesti, upon (he loniing of that feast which it
called the I'aaaover, when they slay their aacri-
fices, from the ninth hour till the eleventh, but so
that a company not \Ai than ten} belong to every
ancrilice , (for It ia not lawful for them to feast
aingly by themaelves,) and liiany of ua arc twenty
in a coiiipnny, found the number of aarrifice<i was
•wo hundred lifly^six thouaandand five hundred,
wni^-ii i.,TOn the allowance cf no more than ten
that feaat togethei,umounta to two millions seven
hundred tliuuiand and two hundred pertons that
were pure and holy for as to thoae wlio have the
leprosy, or the goiiarrh(ea, or women that have
their monthlv courses, or such aa arc olherwisi
pulluted,.it ia not lawfiil for them to beparliikera
of this sacrifice; nor indeed for any. foreigners
neither, nho coiiif^ hither to worship.
4. KoW this vast multitude is indeed collected
out of remote places, bttt the entire nation WB*
now shut up by fate, as in a prison, and the Ko-
man army eiicompa'»<ed the city when it wni
crowded with inhubitaOts. Accordiudy thenuil
titiide of those that therein perislied, exceeddt
all the destruetiona that either men or (jod I'vei
brought upon the worlil; for, to sneak only ol
what was publicly known, the Roninns slew
siinie of them, suiiic thev carried captives, am*
others they made a scorch for under gioirad, nnd
when they loimd where they were, they liioke
up the ground and slew all they met with. Thin-
were also found Aain there above two thounund
persons, partly liy their own hands, and purtly by
one another, but'chielly destroyed bv the famine ;
biii. tjieii, the ill savor of the dead bodies was
most ofieiiicivc to those that lighted upon them,
iiisoimich that some were obliged to get nwar
imitiediately , while others were ao greedy of gain,
that they would go in aniong the deati bodies
that lay on heaps, and tread' upon them; for a
great deal of treasure was found in these caverns,
and the hope of gain made every way of getting
it to be esteemed lawful. JMany also of those
that ha'" been put in prison by the tyrants weis
now brought out: for they did not leave oil' their
barbarous cruelty at the\ery last: yet did Goil
avenge hims<;ll' upon tlivm both. In a uiaiiner
agreeable to justice. As for John, he wanted
food together with hi-i bretnreh, In these caverni<,
and begged that the Romans would iiow give liiiii
theirrigiit hand for security, which he hud often
proudly rejected before: but for Simon, he strug-
gled hiird with the distress he was in, till he wus
forced to surrender himself, as we shall relate
hereafter: so he was reserved for- the triumph,
and to hf then rfain; as was Johii.colidenined to
perpetual iniprisoiiiuent. And now the Komans
set lire to jthe extreme parts of th«, city, and
burnt them d^ivn, and entirely Oemolisued ita
walls.
to the PasBover, in vast numbers, and Ibcretn con|K<d up.
«a in a prima, by the Roman army, as Josephus liimself
well observes in thia and tl.o next section, Dnd as i<i ex-
■ttly related elsewhere, B. v. cb. iii. sec. 1, andch. xiii. 7.
t This number of a company for mte paschal Iamb, lie-
tweeii ton nnd twenty, nprces exactly with tlie iiumlier
thirti'on, at our Saviour's lost passnvcf. As to I he whole
number of the Jews that used to comeupto the Pakxovrr,
and oat of it at JerusaJi;m, sec the note on B. ii. ch. xiv.
sect. 3. This iiuniticr ouf;ht to ho here, indeed, just ten
times the number ui°lho loiubs, or just S,Srj^,000, by Jo^
sephus'a own rcasoninj ; whereas it is in his present co-
pies no less than 2,700,0(10, which last mimbcr is, howev-
er, nearest the other numlier in the place now cited,
which is :i,0i)0,a(IO. But what is here chiefly remarkable
is this, that no foroisrn nation over c.ainc thus to diistroy
the Jews at anv of their siilemn festivals, from the days
of MoscB till thia time, hut come now U|)on their apostacv
frqm.God, and from ^uohediuncc to bini. Nor is it po^i*
bin, in the nature of things, tiiot jn any other natiiin.
nmlichtrfilh
Hmtilaktn/bi
it$ Viiolalton
{ 1. And th«
lacond year of
eighth day of
had been taken
«■<! the second
ihak the king o
and after him I
Herod, took thi
belbrii all theae
it, and made it
dred anil aixtr-
waa built, liul
luan among the
called [Milchis
lucb he really
• Boaidoa those
Jerusalem of nii
reekona a sixlh, f
have been here in
lemy. ^hn Mm of 1
t Why thu KM
Ion. n. ii. rh. iv- I
' aamany mii*talti7s
Josephus thou ];hl
adorned this ci'v
Psal. Ixxvi. 3, thii
bm; and that M
kiair, biiilt tiitlin
Eublic divine wor
D very true for «
the word •:*>" oi
theGii'at Tempt
phua himmdf^sei
Antiq. B. iii, eh.
•eat: 1, as lu) he
CONTAINING
Ifow the entir
td, txctpiin
ciiiagttnded
ihe^mid
then dismiii
} 1. Now a
people to alayi
ed none to be
would not ha
any other sue
ders that the;
city and tenij)
towers standi
nency, that
Marianine, a
the city on th
in order to al
in garrison, i
order to deiii
city It was, a
man valor hi
the wall, it \
ground by th
that there w
came thither
This was thi
the madness
a city other!
miehtv fame
2. %t Ci
uardHM tc
sach vast numbers should be gotten together, and perish
in the siege of any one city whatsoever, aa nuw happened
in Jerusalem.
X
^tirely com
comwepd hi
:%'
BOOK VI.-CHAP. X.
663
CHAP. X.
rtkaC whtrlai Ml Cily afJtrutaUn had bitnfivt
Hmei taktnfiyrmtrly, lhi$ real Ikeueond rime of
ill l)4i<>Uttion. A bri^ Account o/ili Hflory.
i 1 And thut WM Jermiilnu tnkrii, in tlic
Mcond year of the reign of V«iip».mii, <>n the
cichlh <i»y of the month IJorjiieut, [t.M] It
had been taken five timet before,* though thi«
«a4 the aecond time of rt* clenoUlion; for shi-
ihak the king of Kgyiit.und after Jiim Antiochui,
•qd after him Toiiipiy, and after him Scmiii uiiil
Herod, tciok the city, bnl ttill |(re«rved it; but
before all the.e. the king of Habylon lonquered
it, and made it ile»ol«te, one thoumnd four hun-
dred and iixty-clnht yeunt und iix luontln after it
«■• built. Hut he who lirstliuiltt i< "«»» poteiit
uian HMionR the ^.'unaanilvH, and is in our tongue
called [Milchi*edek,] The HlH^leoun King, lor
(UCh he really Wu«; on whicli account he wai
• Boiidoa tho«o five horo onuini-rnlrd who had taken
Jeniulem of old, JuKiihiK, uiwii fiiillici rr<:»ll«clioii,
reekoM a <ili(lh. Anlln. It. «ii. cli. i. wet. 1, who ihoold
haVB boun hero imcrlnil in the leeonil plaeej I niuan rio-
limy, <lin win of Iji(!ii«. .. ,. ■,■ r.
t Why thu great Doehart shonlil nay. w rho-uu'. t.ii-
lon. fl.il. rh. iv. ilml "llmrearn in thinHuuwol Jo«i(ihu«
ti many mintnk.^H a^ worcN," I do l>y no iiuiinH uiidirjiapid.
Jownliu» «(iou>!hl Mnlchiwdfk fiiit built or nlmill anil
adorned thi« ei'v, «"d tliiil it win iln'ii ciill.< An/em, as
Pial. Ixxvi. i, lliul it nfterwanl^ rone to bi! ealliMl Jrriiiin-
bm; and tlial Midchiiedi'k, biinu u |irii»i a« wi'H an a
kini, built lothn irniitiiMi thi^rein atiniidis «t pluci' lor
public diviim woriliio and micrilln! ; nil wliiili thiii^'i iniiy
bo very Uuo for auiilif wn know to lliii ronlrnry. And for
the word ••■f" or Templr.vn if it inust neiul* lielimc to
the Gient Tempto l.nill by Sidoinon l.nia nlurwiird, Jow--
uhua him«i»>in!i »»o(, fur the mnnll taliernttcle ul M.meri,
yintiq. B. iii, eh. vi. «eel. 4. Si^" olnuAntiq. II, in. «b, vi.
aeat; 1, aa lio hoto prcwntly uwm 'i,ov for a lurRu and
rthcre] the fimt pririt of God. and fir«t buitt •
temple [Ihere,] ami called ihe city Jrruaalein.
ivhich wa. furnierly cnlled •.SaWni. However.
David, the kill)' of the Jewf,'< jectud the Canaa»-
iteii, anil nettled lu« otvnitt'iipru therein. It w»i
ilenioliihed entirely b/the Hiibyhiniam, four
hundred and »eventy.««/rn ye«r» and lix inoiftha
after him. And from Aing Uaviit, who waa lh«
fimt of the Jew» who reigned therein, to tnii de-
•tructiOn under Tiluii, were one thou"»nd one
humlred and xevenly-nine )-^ar»; but from its
Ifirat building, till thit laat tleafrnclion. were two
thoiuand one hundred nevtnty-ieven yeara; yet
hath not lt» great anti(|uity, nor it* vait richea.
nor the diPiiiion of its nation over all the habi-
tnbk earth, nor the greHliie** of the veneration
paid to it on a religiuun account, been tuiricient
to preserve it froiii being dvrtrijyed. And thus-
ended the siege of Jerusalem.
■pfc>ndid aynagojuo of tho Jews at Antiucb only, B. vii.
cu. iii. sect. 3. *
N B. This i« Ihe proper (daee for »iich a« havo eloaclt
atlendeil to themi laiier ll<i<il,H»if tile Wiir, to |«'ru«!, and
that with eiiuiil atlrnliiin, lliuKe di«iinii jwrd pluin urHdic-
tioiia of iesuB of Nnziirelli. in ilw i!>w|« I - lUiirclo ri'liilioK.
nsr.niMmredwilb their exii.'t .■..iiipl.iiM.i. in J.!.i'phum
himnry; upon which eompblionn, ur Dr. Whilliy w. II oh
m.rvm, Aiinotat. on Mudh. »»iv. -J, no "iiiiill i»iri ol llio
eviileui'o lor Iho truth of the (Jhri«lnin nliaion ih«.« de
mild ; and n« I liave.slep by »ie|i, .■..i,i(wrf.l ihi-ni t.-cttbir
in lov Lilenl Aror»ii/i«4m>"' l/= »-ripliire fniihtcus.
The riMidtr \t loobwrve further, thiil thi! iriie rc..i».,n why
I havo so wllloin tllkell noli.-e of llicw eouipleUonn in tin'
r.iurw of thi'v nole«,iiolwitli<liindiic' tlmir Inin;; »>vi «
remarkable, and Ireiiuinlly no vory cbviou.. i< Ihii. that
I luid entirnly prevenud invJcIf in lliat Irealiw: liulor.-.
bund ; to- whiih then-Tore, I inu»l ht-i.;, onco for all, sin-
oualy lefcr every iniiuiHilivo render.
BOOK Vil.
CONTAINING THE INTERVAL OF ABOUT THREE VEAHB.-FROMTHET.^K.NOOFJEUUSAI.K.M
BY TITUP, TO THE SEDITION OF THE JEWS AT CVRE.NE.
CHAP. I.
How the entire City of Jemaaiem v>at demolish'
ed, excepting three Tov-era: and how Ittua
contended his Snldiersiin a Speech miide to
tht^and disirihnted Rewards to thenti and
thmditmiisedMnijoflhtm.
i 1. Now as soon as the army had no more
people to tiny or to plunder, becansu thcreremnin'
ed none to be the objects of their fury, (for they
would not have spared any, bad there remained
any other such work to be doiic,) (Usar gave or-
ders that they should How demolish the entire
city and temple, biit should leave us ninny of the
towers standing a» were of the greatest emi-
nency. that \», I'hasaelus, and Hippicu-i, and
Marianine. and so much of the wall as enclo.«d
the city on the west side. This wall was tiwied.
in order to afford a camp for such as were to lie
ID earrison. as were the towers also, spare,! in
order to demonstr.lte to posterity what kind of
city it was, and how well fortihed. which the Ro-
man valor had tubdued; but for all the rest ;.f
the wall, it was so Ihorotighly laid even with the
cround by those that dug it up to the fi>nndation,
that there was left nothing to make those that
came thither believe it had ever been inhabited.
This was the end which Jerusalem came to by
the madness of those that were for innovations;
a city otherwise of great ningnihcence, and ol
miehtv fame among nil innnkind.
2 But Ciesar resolved to leave there as a
uardtSt tenth legion, with certain troops of
^ ■ ..< of lootmeii.' So, having
z
or ac meiitf nil c o nipan i ea
por sc menu ii o i . fcMii 'i"! ... . . 1 « . . ^.r. — i. . — j*
Entirely completed this war, he was desirous to
eommeod bis whole ariiij on account of the great
exploits they had performed, and to bestow pro-
per rewanis on such us had tigiialiied them-
selves therein, He had therefore a great tribu-
nnl made for hiiii in the midst of the place where
he had furnierly eueaiiijied, and stood upon it
with his principal commanders about hiin, and
spoke so as to be In ard bv the whole ariiiv in
the manner following: "Tlinl he returned theiii
abundance of thanks for their good will which
they hud slfowi d to him : he caiiinu nded them
for that ready obedience tliey had eshibiled in
this whole war. which obedience had nppeai'ed
in the many and great dangers which they bad
Courageously undergone; asaUo, for that courage
they hud shown,. and had thcie.by uugnicnied ol
thtiiiselves theircciimlrv's power, and had niai (■
it evident to all nien, that neither the, multitude
of their enemies, nor the strength of their places,
nor the largeness of their cities, nor the rash
boldness and brutish ra-je of their antagonist.',
were sufficient at any time to get clear ol the
Koiuan valor, although some of them may
liave f()r.tune in many respects on their side. He
said further, that it was but reasonable for tlieui
to put an end to this war. now it had lasted so
long, for they had nothing better to wish for
when they entered into it; and tliiit this .happen-
ed more favorably for tlieiii.Biid more for their
glory, that all the Romans had willingly uceepled
of those for their governors, and the curators ol
tljeir dominions, wTioiii they had chosen for them,
and had sent into their own country for that put-
pote, which still continued under the uianage-
nient of those whom they had pitched on, and
1 them
were thanklul to them lor piiclilng upon '
That accordingly, although lie did both pdmirc,
•ti..
■■\-; :t;..-v
■/
664
WARH OF THE JEW8.
■ml teni'city reg'ird them til, li«ciiui«i h« hnrw
that every uiic uf Ihrin had koik: at ch««rfull^
■bout Ihvit' workai their uliililira ■ml uiiportuiii-
liei would Kiv« tht^iii leare; jret hn ulii, that hr
would iinniadlulely bcatow rsMmrdu md (liKnitiet
on thnie that 'had fought (he mott bravely, and
with Erinler force, anil had liKnaliied their con-
duct in the niuit Blorioui manner, and hail made
hit army more iamou» by their n<)ble.cx|>luila;
■nd that no one who had hern willing to take
more pains than another ihoutd niiu of a juit
retribution for the aaine: fur that he had been
■xceediiiK careful about tliin iiiHtIrr, and that the
more, becaime lie had much rnthrr reward the
Tirt|ie« of hin fellQwaoldicra than puniah auch a>
had olFendfd."
3. Ilereupun Titua ordered those whoa'e buai-
neaa it was to raad the lint of all that had prr-
icnued (^reiit rxploila in thia war, whom he call-
ed to him by Ihtir ,naiiii'a, and coniniendcd them
before the company, and rejoiced in theni in the
•amc innnner aa a roan would have rejoiced in
bia own exploits. He aNo put on their heads
'crowna of K°'''* ">*' golden ornnnieifts about
their necks, and gave them long s|>eara of'cold,
mill enaij^iis that were made of ailver, and re-
moved every one of them to a higher rank; and,
beaidea thni, he |>lentifullv diatributCiJ among
them out of the apoila, and the other prey they
had taken, ailver, Mid gold, and garments. So
when they had all thvae honors beatqwi'd oh
them, according to his own eppnintmeiit made
to every one, and he had' wished all sorta of hap-
pineas to the whole army, he caiii*! down, among
the great acclauintiona which were made to hiiu,
and then betook binitelf to oll'tr timnk-oireringa
[to the gods,] anil at once sncrificed a vast nuiu*
ber of oxen, that stood ready at the altars, and
distributed them, among the Briiiy to feast on.
And when he had stayed ibri e diiys among the
phncipal commanders, and so long feasted with
them, he sent away the re.it ul his army to the
. several places where they would be every one
best situated; but pcrinitted tlie tenth legion to
stay as a guard at .lerusalem, and did not send
them away beyond Euphrates, where they had
been before. And as he remembered that the
twplfth IcKton had given way to the Jews, under
Cisstius, their general, he expelled them out of
■II Syria, for tTi«iy had lain tornierly at Kapha-
nca, and sent them away to a place called Mele-
tipe, near Euphrates, which i^ in the limits of
Armenia and Cappadocia: he aUo thought 6t
that two of the legious should stay with him, till
be should go to E^ypt. He then w<;nt down with
his army to that Cirsai
irsa^en which lay by the sea-
iKSV, and there laid up the rest of his spoils i
great quantities, and gave order that the capr
tives should be kept there; for the winter season
hindered them froiil sailing intq Italy.
GHAP. 11.
Horn Titut exhibiUd all sort* of ahowa at Ceeia-
, rea-Pkilippi. Conctming mimon the Tyrant,
how he leat taken, and reserved for the Tri-
vmfh. /
\ { 1. Now, at the same time that Titua Caesar
lay at the siege of Jerusalem, did Vespasian got
on board a merchant ship, and sailed from Alex-''
■ndttia to Rhodes; whence he sailed away in
ihipsxwith three rows of oars, and as he touched
at sevWal cities that lay in his road, he was joy-
fully received by them all, and so passed over
from Ionia into Greece; whence he set sail from
Corcyra to the promontory of lap^'x, whence he
took his journey by land. But as for Titus, he
marched from that Ciesarea which lay by the
seaside, and came to that which is named Cxsa-
lea I'liilippi, and s taid th ere a con s id er able tim e .
■nd rxhihiled all torts of shows there. And her*
a great nuiiilier of the ciiiitivis were (Itnlroylid,
Some being thrown to wild brants, and gtlMfra in
multitudes furciid to kill one another, at if they
were their eiiemira. And here it Waa that Tilii*
Waa infiirmeil uf the seiiure of Simon, the son of
Uinras, which was made after the niannrr follow-
ing : This Simon during the ttvge of J«ni»al(>|ii,
was in thr upper city, but when the Roman army
was gotten within the walls, and were laying the
city waste, he then took the moat faiibfut of hit
firlends with him, and among them Some that
were atiinecutlers, with those iron tools whirh
belonged to their occupation, and at great n
quantity of provisions as would sulFice tncin for
a long tim«i ami let himself and all ihrni down
into ■ certain subterraneous cavern that wa« not
visible above ground. Now, so far aa had been
(liggi'd of old, they went onward along it «(ithoul
diaturbailce; but where tliey met with solid
earth, they dug a mine under ground, and this,
in hopes tl^t they should be able to proceed to
far as to rjaa from under ground inakftfc place,
and by that ikeant etcape. Uut when they came
to make the ei^perimenlr they were disappointed
of tlieir hope;' fur the miners could ninku but
small progrins, ijnd that with difficulty also; in-
soniucn that their provisions, though tVy distri-
buted them by i^easure, begaii to fail them.
And now Simun, thinking he n'liglit be able to
astonish and elude fh<! Komiins, put on a white
frock, and buttoned ttpun him a purple cloak, and
appearad^iut of the ground in -the place •whero
the temple had formerly beru. At the first in-
deed, those that saw bun werii greatly astonish-
ed, and they stood stillWhtre they were; but;
afterwani they came nen^rr to bim, and asked
him who he was? Now Simon would not tell
them, but bade them call ibr their captain; and
wheif they ran to rail biiir. Tercntius Rufus,*
who was left to. command the army there, came
to Simon, and learned of hlii\ the whole truth,
and kept him in bonds, and let\Cicsar know that
be was taken. Thus did (>od bring this man to
be punished for what bitter an(t\ savage tyranny
be had exercised against bis countrymen, by
those that wers his worst rnenlics; and thit
while he was not subdued by violence, but volun-
tarily delivered himself up to them to be punish-
ed, and that on the very same account that he
had laid false accusation^ against many Jews, as
if they were falling away to the Roinans, and
had barbarously slain tlicin; for wicked actions
<lo not escape the divine anger, nor is\juctice
too weak to punish olfenders, but in time over-
takes those that transgress its laws, and inflicts
its (Hinisbiiients upon the wicked in a manner
so inuch more severe, a» they expected to escrape
it on account of their not being punished iniioe-
diately.f Simon was made sensible of this
falling under the indignation of the Romai
This rise of his out of the ground did also occaV
sion the discovery of a great number of others of^
the seditious', at that timj^Tw^had hidden them-
selves under ground. But£l^r Simon, he was
brought to Ciesar in bOH«l», when he was come
back to that Ciesarea which was on the seaside;
, who gave orders that he should be kept against
tiiat triumph which he was to celebrate at Rom*
upon this occasion.
CHAP. HI.
H(fu> Titut, upon (Ae Celebration ofhi$ Brother'*
and Father's Birthdiiys, had many of the Jews
slain. Concerning the danger the Jews were
in at Antioch, by means of the 3'ransgression
and impiety of one Antiochtfs, ft Jew.
{ 1. Whilr Titus was at Ca;sarea, he solem-
nixed the bi r thd a y of hi s broth e r [DomitianJ aft e r
Moaatata of tke house as the high plaea of a forett;
which was loii^ beforo ftirutold by the prophot Micah, iii.
12, and quoM from him in the proiihi'cics nf Jeremiah,
»«i. 18. \aua Ecclea. viii- IL
*This Tercntius Bufus, as Relund in part observes
here, is iho Bamc giurson whoin tho Talniudi«ls rail Tur-
%*» R^fuf, of whnni thoy ri'llitc. tliat he ploughed up Sion
as afield, and made Jerusalem become as heaps, and the
V'
BOOK VI I—CHAP IV.
tj^ «(H
• •pUniliil mtnnrr, •dd iiidiclKl » prtat <lc«l of
th« imiii'biiKiit inlriwlnl for lh» Jewn in lionor
of hiiii; for lli« iiunilxir ol Ih.in ihtil w«T€! now
•lain 111 liKl'tioK "''•' ''"' '•«»•'*• """' '*"'* *>"">'•
■nd louirlit with oiwinnllipr.inrr.dt.l Iwi) UiOu-
unil five liuD<lrt!»i, Vii iliti M llii« «< em to lh«
Ronmnt, wh«ii tlifly wi-™ tlni» ileiln.yetl Un
thouMiid ievernl wa>i, li> \»' » 1" hmi nt bi-
nfiath lb«ir ilettrU. Afttr lhi> ( «'««r imiii' to
Bcrvtui,* which is a cily of I'hueiiiria, a Koiiian
colony, "nd ttaid there a looifer time, and eihi-
bited a ttill more |min|ioua lolcninUy hIiouI. hi*
falhrr'i birthdny, both in the inagniliofncii of
the ihowi, and in the olhir vaite»|»enM» hr wa*
at, in hi> devices thereto belonging; m> that a
great niultiliido of the cii|itivei wi'te hira d«-
•troyed after the tame iitHnner «■ bvfor<n
2. It hapiR-ncd uUo about tlili li'ine that the
Jewt who remaiiieH at Aiilioch *erii under ac-
euiationa, and in danger of iMTiihiiiR, IVom the
diiturhancm ihiit were ri^iiedTagHiint them by
the Aniiochiant, and thit l>oth on ai-rount of the
glanders spread abroail at this lime agninst
iheni, «nd on iccouht of what pranks ihey hud
played not long before) which 1 mii ohligi-d to
describe without fail, though britllv, that 1 may
the better connect my narration of future actions
with those that went before,
3. (•'or, as the Jewish nation is wiilel^r dispersed
over all the habitable earth omoiig Us inhnbit-
ants, so it is vci') lUUch intermingled with Syria
by reason of its neighborhood, and hiiil the
greatest multitudes in Aniiodi.by reiison of the
largeness of the city, when in the kinifs, iifler
Amiochus, had afforded them n habitiition with
the most undisturbed tninc|iiility ; fur tluniKh
Antiochus, who was called K|)i|)huncs, laid Jerii-
laleiii waste, iinil spoiled the temple, vet did
those that succeeded him in llie king(foin re-
store all the donations that were wiuU^ of brim
to the Jews of Antioch, und dediculed theni to
their synagogue, and gniiited them the eiijov'
ihent of equal privileges of ciiiicns with the
Greeks ttieinaelves; and bS the sucj^eeding king^s
treated them after the same manner, they both
multiplied to a great number, ami Adorned their
templet gloriously by fine ornainrnH, and with
gteat magnificence, in the use of what had been
given them. 'I'hev aUo ni»de proselytes oi a
great many of tlic fireeks perpetually, and
Oicrebv, after a Sort, brought tlniii to bi; n por-
tion o'f their own bodv. But, aboiit this time,
when the present war began^ and Vtspasinn was
newly sailed to Syria, and all men had taken up
a great hatred against the Jews, then it was that
a certain person. Whose naiiiewai Antiochus,
being one of the Jewish nation, aiid greatly re-
spected on account of his father, who Was go-
Ternor.of the Jews at Antioch.f came Upon the
theatre at a time when the people of Antioch
were assembled together, n ml becanie an in-
former against his lather, and accused both him
and othert that they had resolved toJ)urn the
whole city in one night, he also delivered up to
thehi some Jews that were foreigners, as part-
ners in their resolutions. When the people heard.
this, they, could not refrsin their passion, but
commanded that those who were delivered up to
them should have fire brought to burn them;
who were accordingly' all burnt ujion the theatre
i .. .. _'.1:_l1-i. rnU^.'. mX^A nlsA fnll' uinlatntrff iinfin
demonstration of hisown coaversioB, and of his
hatAd ul the Jtwi'sh •ustciiin, by •arrlAitni
aft«Ktli< ninnnrr of the Orteks: he p<isuade<l
the rest «l«o lo roni|)el Ihrm to ih> the same, be-
cause they wouhl by that means discover who
Ihey were thai hiid plotted »|ti«lnst them, since
Ihey would not do so; and win n the |Hir|)le of
Antioch tried the esperinlent. Mime few compli-
ed, but thostrihut would not do »» wrfre slain.
As for Antiochus hinisi If, he obtained soldier*
from llwi Koiniin conimaniler, and became a sa-
ver* master over hi< own citiseos, not permit-
ting them to re.vl on tlw sev<nt|. day, but torcinf
them to do all thnl Ihey usually did on other (lays;
and lo that degree of distre«M did he reduce them
in this matter, that the rest of the seventh day
was dissolved not only al.Anlloch, but Iha sania
thing which took thence its rise, wnsdone in olher
cities also, in like manner, for some small time.
4. Now, after Ihise mislurlune* -had hapnenei.
10 the Jews nt Antioch, a second calamity befell
them, the description of jvhich when we were
going aboMt, we premisetl in the account fore-
going: for upon lhi> accident, whereby the four-
siHiare markejjilace was burnt down, as well aa
(lie archives, and the place where the iiubllc r«-
cor<ts were prfcserveil, and the royal palacei,
(and it was not without didiculty that the Bra
was then put a slop to, which was likely, by the
fury wherewith it was carried along, lo have rone
over the whole cily.) Antiochusaccused the Jew*
as the occasion of all the mischief that was done.
ISow this induced the |wople of Antioch, who
wen' now under .the immediate persuasion, by
reason of the ilisorder they were in, that this ca-
lumny was true, and would have bei n under the
same persuasion, ?ven though they had not bonie
an ill-will at the Jews b<fore, to believe thi*
man's accusation, especially when they consid-
ered wliat had been (lone before, and this to such
a degree, that they all fell violently u|>0B those
that were aiicused, iind this, like madmen, in *
very furious rage also, even as if they had ie*li
the Jew* in a manner setting fire themselves to
the city: nor wa* it wlthou^ difficulty that one
Ciieus Collegas, the legate, could prevail with
them to permit the aflairs to be laid before Cte-
sar; for as to Ceccnnius Tetus, the president of
Syria, Vespasian had already sent him awayt
anil so it happened, that he wa* not yet coma
back thither. ISirt when CollegB* had liiade a
careful iiM)uiry into the matter, he found out the
truth, and thot not one of those Jews that were
accused by Antiochus had any band in it, bnt
thai all was done by some vile periions greatly
in debt, who supposed that if they could once
set fire to the market plHce, and burn the publia
records, they should have no farther dcmandi
made upon them. So the Jcw» were under great
disorder and terror, in the uncertain e»pectatioo
of what would be the upshot of those accusation*
appiinst them. -
" CHAP. IV.
Hmo Kapanan wia rtdived at Romt,ta aln
how the GtrmaJM rtvolUdfrom the Roman*,
but were mbdued. That the Sarmaliant over-
ran My$ia, but were compelled to return to
their own Country again.
5 1. And now Titus Ciesar, upon the new* that
* ■ . L> -»:...* h',a TolliAV that Ills
rdingly a burnt uiion the theatre j i . apiu now i »-. -■■ "■ L7' "f" r" .i, ,. V,,.
immediately. „The| liid also fall' violently upon was brought h>™ <^7'=':'""'? h.» O'"^^'. «h«' h •
Uie multitude of the Jews, as supiwsing, tfiat b;r coming was "'"=>»'> ;'™dy '»l^;X^"^}i^
Sifl they were in. and. thought to give them a rejoicing an.f pleasures to a great degree, a. now
• This Berjptas was ceilaiiily a Roman cdonjr, aaj h»»
coins exunt tlyit witness the same, as Huilmn and Bpan-
helm inform us. 8eo the note on AViliq. B. ivi. eb. xi.
■act. 1. / '
t That is. their synagogue, gee the note on B. vl. ch.
tThe Jews at Antioch and Alexandria, the twonrinci-
ya!e't>MinaUtbocast,had aUowed them, both bf the
Macedonians, and afterward b» the Romans, a cownor
of their own, who w«« exempt from the jnrwdi.tiun of ihe
oilier civil covetnors. He was ealted *omrtimp*b*n!rf
rmenwr, somelimes ««»»<ir<:», and [at Aliinndriaje**-
iaft*, as l)r. Hudson lakos notice on tins place ool of
Pall et 's M i' ccl la n i ns . Thi-y h a d the li t i' govcraor^or
governors allowed them ot Babyloa uiidct ibeii cafUTilf
th(t*i a* the history of Susanna implic*.
600
rrom Ini*
WARS «K THR JKW8.
r*
/
freed from iMioliritiKln hr h*<l lirrn iimlnf, lArr
tha nioti wrcoabln ni»qn«r. Kiif «ll liini that
wtr* la Italy thdwett tbair nipccla to liiin In
their niinda ^cforc he ciinie Ihilher, *• if hit wrro
■Ireiily coiu«i MeatrrminK thr very expt'Clalion
they hail uf him to !>• hia rinl |irrieiirr, oil ar-
count of the Kreat dfiirt'i tliry hail tu aoe him,
•lul bt'cauae the good-will tliry liorc him wat rh-
lirrly Tree anil uiieonatruiniil i tiir it waa ■ i|i:>i-
niblu (hin|( to the arnute, who wvll rememhrred
the cnlaniit'iea they had unilrrgoiA in the lale
chaoffca of their Kuvcrnora, lo rnrire n govern-
or who wna ailoriieil with lh<' Kravily uf iild iiife,
and with the highial akill in the ai-tioiia of war,
who«e nilvanceiiient would be, aa they knew, for
nothing elan but for the pfeiervation of Ihote
that wiTi- to he governed. Moreover, the people
hud been au haraaneil by their civil niiaeririi, that
they wuro atill more earneat for hia coming im-
mediately, aa aup|ioiing they ahould then be
fimily delivered from their calnmitieii, niid be-
lieving they ahould then refoVer thtir aecure
tranquility and proiperity j and for thr unhliery,
they had the principal regnnl to him, for they
were chielly appriied of Tiit greut exploita in
war; and aince they had experi'nred the want
of akill and want of coumj^t in othf r roininand-
cn, tltry were very deniroua lo b« freed fropi
that great ahame they had uiUlergono by their
nieana, and heartily to nxetve auclt a prince na
might be a aecurity and an ornament to Iheni.
And ai Ihiajj^ood-will to yeapaaiun wua ui|iveranl,
those that enjoyed any remarkable digniliei could
not have patience enough to atay in Konie, hut
made haate to meet him at a very great diitance
from it: nay, indeed, none of the rest cuulil en-
dure the dehiy of xeeing him, but did all {murout
of the city in auch crowda, and were ao uuiver-
aally poaaeaaed with the opinion that II waaeaaier
and better for them to go out than to alay there,
that tliia wna the very firvt time that the city joy-
fully perceived itaelf almoat empty of ila citi-
zen); fuf thoae that ataid Within were fewer than
thoac that went out. But aa aoon aa the newa
waa come that he waa hard by, and thoae that
had niet him at first related with what good hu-
mor he received every one that came to him,
-then, it waa that the whole multitude that had re-
mained in the city, with their wives and cliildren,
came into the road and waited for him there;
and for tliofic whom he passed by, they made all
iorta of acclamations on account of the joy they
had to aee hini, and the p|cnHantnrHS of bis coun-
tenance, anil styled him their bciiefnctor and sa-
vior, and the only person who was worthy to be
ruler of the city ol Home. And now the city
was like a temple, full of earlaqda and sweet
odora ; nor wna it easy for niiii to come to the
royal palace, for the muUitude of tli«- people that
atood about him, where yet at last he performed
his sacrifices of thanksgiving^ to his household
gods, for hia safe return to the city. The multi-
tude did also betake theniHelvea to feasting;
which fcaata and drink oflerings the^ctlebrated
by their tribes, and their families, and then their
neighborhoods, and still proyed Uod to grant
that Vespasian, his aoos, and all their posterity,
niiirht continue ii\,thc Roman government for a
very. long time, and that his dominion might be
preserred from all opposition. And this waa the
manner in which Rome so joyfully received Ves-
pasian, and thence grew immediately into a state
■ of great prosperity.
■ 2. But before this time, and while Vespasian
*Thia tlaaaieuS, and C'ivijis, and Cerealin, are namea
«*U known in Tacitua; the two former as mnviai sedition
ajiainst tho Romans, and th» last as acnt to rcprosii thcni
by Veanasian, just aa they are licro doscribcd in Joiir|>lHia,
which w the oaau also of Fonleiua Agrippn, and Ruliriua
waa abimt Alaxandrin, inil Tilua waa tying at thn
siege of JerUfiiU'in, a great niulllluile of the
(lertnana wrri> in commotion, and tended to ra-
belliim; and na the ((aula in their neifhlHirhuod
joineil with them, thry ronapirrd together, and
hud thereby grriit hopes of siii'Ce'a. and that ihry
ahouhl free iheiiiaelvi a from thr doinliiion ol tha
Komana. The iiiollvea that induceil the (ler-
uians to thia attempt for a revolt, ami for brgis-
ningthn war, 'twere llieie: |n the firat place, the
nature [of th« |M>opli',| which waa ileatilute of
jiiat renaoninga, and ready to throw Iheniielvei
raahly into 'ijiUiKer, upon sniidl ho^ira; in tha
next plare, «hr nalreil tlie^ iNire to thoaa that
were their gi^crnora, vyhile thi ir nation had
never been conscious of auhjerlion lo any but to
the Koniiina, and that by compulsion only. Ila-
sides them motives, it wna the opportunity that
now ollered itself, which allot e all the rest pre-
vailed with them ao to do; for wlien they saw
the Koiiinn government in a great internal ilia-*
order, by the rontinuni changea of its rulera, and
undersliiod that every part of the habitable earth
under them iiraa in nn unsettled and tollrlmg
condition, I hey thought this wna the heat oppor-
tunity that roi(kl alFurd itaelf for Ihemaelvea to
inaken aedilinif, when the atnte of the Romans
wna ao ill. ('lansicna* and nNo ViteHiiis.-f two of,
llieir coHimander^, pulled them up with sue
hopcs.< These had liir a longtime been oiienl
desirous of auch nn innovation, and weru iniuicfd
by Ihi! present opportunity to ventiir« upon
declnrntion of their sentiiiienis: the multitude
nns niao reail)', and when these men told them
of what thev intended to atlempl, that news waa
gladly received by them. So when a great part
of the (ierinans had ligreed to reliel, and the rest
were no better disppaed, Vespasian, iii) guided by
divine I'rovidenre, sent letters to I'etilius ('erea-
lis, who had formerly had the rommand of tier-
many, whereby he declared him to hnve the dig-
nity (if consul, and cnmmnndrd him to take upon
him the government Of ilrllain; ao he Went
whither he wna ordered to go, ami when he waa
informed of the revolt of the (It^rniAna, he fell
upon Ihcni na soon aa they were gotten togeth-
er, and put hia army in battle array, and slew a
Uallus, in Ht^ct. J. bill as to thu very luvorublu Bcaiiint
prosuntiv fiiveii ofltomiiiiin, fiurtirularly atitoliisjlcKJcns
in this liiis (gallic aiirl Uermuiv ex|ieditii>n, it is not a little
«MUt>ry to that in Suetoniua, Vesfi. sect. 7. Nor are the
- . , ... J put -.- ,
great inullitiide of them in the fight, nnd forced
them to leave oil' their madness, nnd to grow
w.i^er; nay, hud he not fallen thus suddenly uimn
them on tlie place, it had hot been long ere tney
would however have been brought to punish-
ment; for as soon as «!ver the newa of tlieir re-
volt was come to Rome, and C»!snr Doiiiitian wat
made acnu»iiited with it, he made no delay even
at that his age, tvhcn he was exceeding young,
but undertook (his weighty alfair. lie had a
courageous mind from hia father, and hntl made
greater improvements than belonge<^to such an
age: accordingly, he marched against the bar-
bnrians iinniedlately ; whereupon their hearts fail-
ed them at the very rumor of hia Approach, and
they aubmitted themselves to hiiir with fear, and
thought it a happy thing that they were' brought
umler their old yoke again without suffering any
further niischiefH. VVIien therefore Domitiun had
fettled all the afliiira of (iaul in Such good onler,
that it would not be easily put into disorder any
more, he returned to Rome with honor and glo-
ry, as having pcrfonncd such exploits as tverc
above his own age,but worthy of so great a father.
3. At the ve.r^ same time with the forenien-
tioned revolt ol the Germans, did the bold At-
tempt of the Scythians against the Roinani occur;
reasons nnobvions that ini|;ht occasion this great diversity i
Oomitiaa waa one of JoMphaa'a patrons, and whoa be
published these Ixmks of the Jewish war, waa very young,
and had hardly be^un those wirked practicea which ron-
dorcd him so infamous ulVeirwnrd ; wfiile Huotonius seema
to huvit b«:t!it too yuuiij!, and tuu low in lilV, to rueuiyu au;
romarkabh! favors from him ; ns Domitiun was certainly
very lewd and cruel, ami generally haled, whoa Sncluniul
wrote aiwut bim. t Oivilia. Tadt.
tat (koM S'eylkli
bain^ a very
thaniselvrs over
baing |i*rr«iv«d
■ml entirely ui
(real many of I
tiara; and aa th<
pa euui* to ni«i
■gaiiial them, hi
overran all the
bim, lanring ami
their way. Hut
what hail luipp
waste, he aent
these Surmaiinn
pcriahed in the
and that purt «
their own couii
put an end to tli
aecurity of the i
and more uuniei
made it altogell
to pass over the
thi* war in Myai
Conetming tht
law ai Ac wm
how (hi I'top
liim lo Titui
id III) him ; ai
faiian'i i'Hii
} 1. Now Ti
Berytus, aa w<i
moved, and cxI
IhoHC cities pf !'
made use of tin
of the dcstruct
■ river, as he w
■ervea to be re<
niid(lle between
kingdom, nnd l<
peciiliar in it;
itrong and hai
tpringa fail for
channel dry, as
dtya it runs on
and as though i
it hath also uee
petually nnd ex
It the Sabbatit
from the sacreil
3. But when
formed that 'Hi
. io glad at il,
their walli, bu
meeting; nay,
(brionga, and n
were not the m
also with their
they saw him c
both tides of t
right hands tali
■cclantutiona tr
with him. Th
tiona they niadi
they went, to <
yet did not Titi
but gave the h'
ever, the Jews
fear under the
opinion was, al
Titua did not s
progreaaimmed
on the Kuphral
* Since in these
fkmoua. Which, b;
wntk day, and r»
Hial. xvli. 11,
every ^^enfA, (tli
tconurtta that thf
unntkdafoi Su
Book vn.— CHAP V.
hr (koM il'eylhUnii, who (r* rallnl Siirniiiliiii^,
baini ■ ¥rry iminnntui ptlipln, lritii>)iiirUU
llianiirlti* utrr thai U«iiuli« liilo Mv»iR, wiltloi^t
baiiiK |M>h-vi««(li nliar wliirli, liv lli< ir viiilrni|«
■ml I'lilirrljr uiinpiiclnl •waiill,' lliry •liw '»
(rritl iiiaiijr o( the Huiiianii IhnI giianlril (hit rnfn-
liara; anil a« the qoiiaulilr li'KHlf rnntrlua A||ri|i-
■Kaiimt thrm, he WHualHiii by Ihfiii. 'I'hry (hfii
ovrrraii all lh« rr||loii lliiit hilil hrcn nilbjri!!! lo
biiii, UnriiiK nml rt-tiiliiiK t'vtry thiiix thiit fill u>
(hkir way. Hut whiii V«<|iHiiirn wa> iiiforiiirij iil'
Whiil hull lia|>|i<Miril, nml how IVIyiia wu Ixitl
wailx, hr iriit awii) Itiibrin* tiallui to piiiiuh
|ht'<i' Surniaiinii»< by nhi»K iiiruna iiiNiiy m Itiiiii
pcritht'il ill (hti liulilin hv lnuy^tii aKiiiii>l th''">i
■ml (hat piirt which raraiM-d lliil with iVar In
(heir owii cnuiitry. Sii whrn Ihia k('iirral| hail
put an rml to lltr wiir,1i« pruviilrd lor tbii Ifiture
■ccurily ul' the iniiiilry hIho; lor h« |iIhi:»I liiiorr
■ml iiiur« HiiiiMToii* i^arriiioui in tin* Jilari*, (ill hu
ntaitc it alloKfllu'r iiigKiMibln lor lh«s brirbjiriau*
to pua over ihit river iiny mure. And thi)( hud
thi* w|ir io Myaia Hiiudduli cuncbwiuii.
. ■ CHAK V. /
Cinetming Iht Sabbalic ftivef, which 1'ilui
taw ai Ac teat journfjiitjK ihrouffh Si/riai nml
how Iht I'topU nf jlnliofh famt within Pelt-
tinn lo Titui affaiiisl the Jiwi, hiil wen rtjerl-
td III) him; ni alio concerning Tilui dnit f^'cf-
fa$ian'i VHufKfh. I
} I. Now TItiia Cif-air larrivd •oiiiel lima nt
Berytua, n«w« told yuii brrutc. Ilv thencv rt'-
moved, Hiid cxhiliitvil iiiaKiilricrnt abofva in nil
%\\OHv. citit'ii <f( Syrin thruu|fli which he Wt'nt.nnd
madi' uae of tire cit|ilive Jiwa Ha publix-/ iiiatHMcea
of Ihv dcatructiun ol' tlint nutiuii. 11^ then aiiw
■ riVrr, *» he went along, of lunh a nature na de-
Mrvei to be recorded In hiatory; it puna in the
middle between Arcea, belonging ti* A^rippa'a
kingduni, and Kuphanen. It huth noincwhat verV
peciilinr in it; for tvhen it runa, it" curreiit n
■troni; and hua plenty of water; aftlT which il«
"''■''■ ' ■ -*- jod leave ita
; after which
Urind bfi
007
■prliig* fail for am duya together, and leave ita
channel dry, as any one nii|y aee; after whici
diya it ruiiH on the acventh day a%it did before
and aa IIioiikIi it lind underfi^one no chanKeat all;
it hath ulio ucen obaerved to keep tliia order per-
petually and exactly: whence it is; that they call
St the Sabbatic Ktvcr,* that hanue being iukeii
from the aarred aevenlh day auion^ the Jewa.
3. But when tlit^ people of Antiioch were in-
formed that 'i'i(M Waa approacliiiiK, they were
to f(lad'iit it, tliat they could n^taeep within
their walli, but hasted away to give him the
meeting; nay, they proceeiird nji far ns thirty
(brlonga, and lilore, with that indention. Theae
were not the men only,butaiiiuUiluile of women
alto with their childr<;n, did the itanie; and when
they aaw him coming up to them, they atuqd on
both tides of the way, and atreiched out their
right handa aaluting him, aqd making all aorta of
■cclaiuutiona to him, and turned back together
with hint. They also, uinQug all the acclaniA-
tiona they made to him, b«aought him all the way
they went, to eject the Jews out of their city;
-et did not Titus at nllyield to this their petition,
lut gave the bare hearing of it quietly. How-
ever, the Jews were in a great deal of terrible
fear under the uncirtainty thev were in wh*t his
opinion was, and what he would do to them. For
Titus did not xlay at Antiorh, but continued his
progress imniediately to /eugmn, which lies up-
on the iCuphratea, whither |CHiiie lu him niessen-
• Binco in thcra laltpr »gn lhi.i Silhbalie rirer, once so
fhinouR, wbich, by JiHH'pkuri'rt amiuiit hero, ran itvorv «e-
vntk day, and rtvtcd on m, Imt aacurdin:! to Pliny, ^at.
Pi.l .»«i II run [Wrpiilillilly nir »iT ihiK. niirt fl-KU'll
i
fi«rt front Vologrsua, khig (tt INtrlhiaTind bftughl
im a rmwii ol |^id>l upon the Vltlory hr camed
over lh« Jrw>; wl|i> li hr Hneplrd ol, HiidlVaal-
•d tha kiMK'a inrMi iIk< r>, iiiiil thru riiiiie hack
tu Aiitioi h. AimI whi n the aninte and |M'upl« uf
Aniiuch rarnrilly tnlrvHtrd hini to come upon
their thiairr, where the whole miiltiludr war*
KaMiuliIrd, and e>|n'i'trd him, he t'oniplied with
great huiimnily ; but whi n l|ii') preaaril him with
much earnr-liiraa, and i ontlnlmll) brugrd uf him
that he would rji It the Jrw> out ol Ihrircil' ha
gave them this vrry )H'rlinrut unower- "1l<.iv
I an this be donr, tim.e that country uf theirs
whitlier the Jews niuat be obliged then to retire,
is deitroyed, anil no place wilfrrct ivr tlieni li«-
■ idea." \V hereupon llir people of Anlioch, whea
they had Ijiled of tinceits in thi* their ('ir>t re-
<|ur<t, made liiniu arroiid; fur theydiaind that
he wuuhl order thoar tables uf hraaa lo be remov-
ed, un which the Jiwa' pritilegea were engraven.
However, Ti(ii« wuuhl not grant that uiilhrf,
but perinilled the Jeita of Antiiich tu continue ti>
enjuy the very aunie priviUgea in that city which
they had befurc, uiiif thin departed fur i^gypt:
and at he caiiie li> JrruaaUin in liu pruurean, ami
cumpared the nii luiiidioly coiidil'ioii he aaw it
then in, with the Uiir lent glot'y uf llie clly, and
called to mind the ^niilniiii ul ila present ruins,
as well i\» its umieiit ajdindor, lie could not but
pity Ihe deslruclion ol the clly, ao far naa ha
i'ruiii boaiilliig that to great imd gouilly a city
as OMt tvua, had In en by him taken by lorcei
nay, hr tieipirntly cur«d tlluae lluit had lirin
the Hulhors of their irvull, and had brought audi
n punixiMiient iiiHia the city; iii>oiiiuch, that it
openly appeureif, that he did not ileaire ilint auch
a caluiiiily ns this punishiiieut of theirs aniouiil-
ed lo, ahoiild be a ilemonaliatiuii uf jiiacdurilgv-
Vrt waa there NU aiiiall ipialitily of the riiilies >
that had been in that city, atill found Biiioii^ its
ruiim, u great deal of ttliich the Kniiiuiis illi^ i||ip;
but the greatent part was diacuvired by iIiOhu
who were captives, and so they carried it MVwf ,"
I mean the gold and ailver ami the real of (liul
moat precious furniture which the Jewa hail, and
«\'bich the uwiicrs had treasured up underground
against the uncertain fortunes uf war.
J. So 'i'ilus took the journey he intended into
KgypI, and pa«acd over the deaert very auilden-
ly, and came to AhMandrin, and took up n reso-
lution to gu tu Itume by sea. . And ua he was ac-
Omipiinied by two ligioni, he arnt eni'li uf Ihein
again tu the placca whence lliey had before come,
the liflh he sent to iMyaia, And ihe lifternth to
I'anoniu: ns fur Ihe leiulera of the cnptivea, Si-
mon and John, tvith the other seven huiiiiied
men, whom he hud selected out uf the rest ns
beiiig eminenlly tail and haiidaume uf body, he
gave order that they should be soon carried to
Italy, as resolving to proiluCe tlirm in biii triumph.
So vVhen he hadliad a pru'apernus voyage lu hii
mind, the city of Konie behaved itself in hia re-
ception, and their meeting him nt n distance, ns
it dill in the case of his father. Kut what made
the most splendid anjiearance, in Tttus'a opinion,
was, when his fatlicr met him, i^ received
him, but still the multitude uf the cititena con-
ceived the greateat joy when they saw thrni all
three togetner,f as they did at this timet nor
were many da^s o^unast, when they determin-
ed to have but om^Knimph that should be com-
iiioii to both of ihJWTdnWiccouiit of the glorious
exploits they had performed, although the se-
nate had decreed each of them n separate tri-
umph by himself. So when notice had been
given i>eforehaiid of the day appointed for thii
moro about it ; only «en Dr. Hudson's note. In Vnreni-
ua's Coosraiiliy, I. 17. tliii rcuikr will find several inatan-
roa of Hui:b |)rriodii-al tnuntains and rivers, Ibuufjh iiune
of llipir iH'riiida worn Ihiii lit' jiiMt ■ wrpk, aa »!' nlil Ihiia
■ r
eTOry if«fcenth, (\iun\(:\i it noway apivarn hytiithnroi'lhi-ir
ICRnuriti that th*' sftttnthdaitn^lUiHrivvtviAvxUctJeMriiih
amf^tk daifot Subbatli.} U quite vaulahcd, 1 iltatl add oo
■ppnara lo havo hven.
Vtrnjiuiaii. and hi« two sum, Titui und DomitiBn.
-#
>
tout •ai«in
608
poniimut •Xmniir lo b* ni«.U .on .. ^ounl of
llifir »i<t<ri«-«, mi mw nllhr iiiim«ii«« m"iltitiiil«
WH l#ft in lh» • il>. Ii>il'«-»'ry b.«lji >»»"• •><•' ["»
Air ■• I" (■!» only • •Ullon wh»rii Ihi-jf niijhl
•(■ii<l, •ml i»h only inrh ■ iMtug* m wm o*"*-
Mrr fof lho«ii Ihm i»»r« to b» wm to %o njonK >«•
4. Nbw all III' »ol'li«ry iimrchcl uiil b*for»-
iMlId h» runi|iani«a, «riil in Ihrlr MtrMI ninki,
wuiar k..*ir Mvnr*! ro'i'ni«"'l«f«. •" «''• •"*"'
tin*, •»! w»r« iboul lh« ■»«••, not of Ih.- upwr
KJacai, bal IhoM ntiir lb* UnijiU of l«i«; for
■r« il wm «h»t lh» «.ni|.»r»r« b»<l rr.l.-«l lb«
feravoiiiK niRbl. Anil ■• tiMin ■• »»rr U »»«• lUy.
Vct|i«»i»n ■"'' '•'•'"* """"' outirowniil wilti Ino-
r«l, iixl rl.iAbnl in ••'o»« um imt piirpli' huhiU
wbii-h «»»«•• iir«iu»r to th»ir fmniU, •ii<l Ibiwi wi-nl
M firni OctMHun'. MrnUt; for llitir* it »»• tbnt
tb« »rni.t.u\l«'"' "•• I'M""""!)"' '«!•". •n". *"'f
tbnt h«.l IfrrtI Wlonlril »* of th» •<|iiritrliili or-
d«r. «iiil«-<l for lb."!. Now ■ tribunal hml l>rrn
•r«cH'<l Iwfore lb« ilonlKf*, •ml i»ory rh«ir» hml
iMcn Hit uiwn il, when Ibtjr c«iu« unl "nt ilown
anon th»in. Whi.rrupon lh» •olilirfv ii»<l<i in
McUniHtion of joy to thrni imnirilwlrly. •"''■"
nra thtm iill<il«tion» of th»ir »ulor; whil''
lltar wiTf thriiiiilvfi without thulr iirni*. »nU
only in thiir »ilk»n «;»fiiiilitri, •nd trowiiml wilb
Uurrl; Uwu V<«i«niiin »<Ci|il«il <>f tbe«B ibouU, »fl-j
of tb.-ir.ilW wbilr tbty w.t« ttill ili.i.jwl fii •ffo
CO on in luch •ci:l»iii»(ion», he g»ve thirni • "ig- '"'
■111 of lilmii*. Aiirt wb^n every bculy intin ly
■111 Ol limiH ". n'l" """^" »■-•/ J ; r'
held llwir iwni-i'. be utooil up, ind lOvrrmn th«
rr«»tt»l iMft of bin h»«d with bi. clonk, br put
Up lli« i>i:cu«toiii«(l toUiiin pr»jir*; the Itkji
prayrri did 'I'ilu. put up •Uo; nftir which
nrayert Venpniiwi iimdu n «bort «p<ccb lo nil ln«
monk, und then fint nwny the •ol.li.r. f" ■'•">•
ner prrpartd for tbriu by the i nipiror.. I hrn
did be rKtir« lo Ibiit fnin which «»• called the
rate of lli«> pomp, iifc»u«e poMI(iou» uliowi do nl-
wayi go Ibrougb th«l gate; there it wmijlmt
they tamed Home fogil, und wbin >b.y**r put
on their triuiliidul unrinintii, and had ulferuil ••-
crificea to thi: godii that wt re pliicid ul tlie gate,
they t'ent ihu triumph lorwtrd^iMid JU»" "f"
through the tbtatrf.. that ll'iy. «V«n'_JJ?, *''«
moire latily »ecn by thie niulUTniJ*/' ^^"
6. Now it in iiiipomiible to^d««c^De the luulli-
tqde of the thowt a. they dMtrv.% and the mag-
nificence of them alh »ucb indeed •• n man
could not ca»ily think of, un performed, either by
the liibor of workmen, or the variety ol richet,
or the rariliei of nature; for aliiioU nil iuch ca-
rioiitiet at the uiont happy men ever get liy
pieceineul, were bere Imiped one upon another,
and tlioie bolil iidiiiir»bl« ami costly in their nn-
ture: and all^rought together on that day, de-
mooitrafed the vantiiein of the dominions of the
Romani; for there whs here lo be iteu a iiiiffhty
quantity of lilver.and gold, and ivory, contrived
into all forti gf things, and did not appear ui car-
fied along in pompous show only, but. ns a man
may say, running along like a river. Some parts
were composed of the rarest purple hangings,
anil so carried along; and others accurately re^
presented to the lilc wbat Was ei*broid«red by
the arts of the Babylonians. There were also
precious stones that were transparent, some set
' in crowns of golil, and some in other ouches, at
the workmen, pleased; and ol these auch a vast
. number were brought, thai we Could not but
thence learn how vainly we imagined any of tbesn
"to be rarities, the images of the gods were also
arried, being as Well wonderlul for their large-
neu, as luaife very artlUcially, and with great
•See the representations of llione Jewish vessels, U
■kev still sUnil on Titun'H tiiuiiiplial nrrh at Uome, in Ke-
* ' "^. ^* -i I L .i« v .^t.im Tt tmall i h t imaUuut
, • • ^ ■ ■■ , '-y
'WAJIH OK THK JBWfl. *" -
skill of the workmini nor w*Mi •ny ol thtt*
MUagrs of any oth*r th»n v»fy lostly niateriak,
and many specie* of animals w.rrbrooahl, every
on* in their own nulural ornaments. (h» men
also, who brought every ime of lh«s<i shows, were
great niiillitudra. and adorned Willi (Hirple pr.
ineiiis, all over inlerwov.n with gold, those th»t
war* ehos*B for carrying Ibes* pompniia shows,
having also kb«mi them such magnitrenl orna-
ments, as wer* Imth rslraonliiiary and snriirlv
Ihg. lUsides tbene, one might see that even Pl*
■real nuiiilwr of/ the captives was not unadorned,
while the variety that was in )heir gamiants, •nd
Iheir line lestdre, coiKealed from the sight the
deformity of tl/eir liodies. lint what affordrdthe
greatest surprise of all, was Ih* .Irnrtor* of the
■lageniHi, ibat wer* borne nlongj ftir Uideed he
that met Iheni could not but b* afraKi that the
li^V*" would not lie able firmly enough to sup-
iwrt them, surb was their magnitude-, for ni»ny
of them were ao maile, that they were on three
or even four stories one above another. Vh*
magiiidrenc* also of their striirtiire aflonleil on*
both pleasure and surprise i fur uihiW many of
them were laid cariM-ts of goW- 'l'"f »«•• ■"f,"
wrought gold ■ml ivory fastened alimit them all;
■nd niHiiy ri>eiiJrf«iiies of (he #ar, and those
lyl^aud variety of confriuinres,
iiiosl lively portraiture of itself.—
»as to be ..en ■ baiipy country laid
entire wpiaibon* of enemies slkin;
Hie of tbeni rarf away, and some Were
id/ntocaplivity, with wafis of great altitSide
leniiiide overthrown, and ruined by ma-
|P|
Kor there
waite, ail
while
carrii
and
o anS's very curious book, il« ijpehU r««p«, lliiuuifliuut.
■Bat what thiiiipi are ehiofly to bo noted ara tlie«:—
fl.V Thiit JoMpKus savii, the eaiidlrstick liuro cartioil in
this triumph was noiiliorouRhlv like ihiit wbich wM
■aed in the ioniplo, which a|>l»'«" in llie number of the
JUif koups ud flowers ia that ou Iho triumphal arcli not
chine/, "with the strongest fortilicalions taken,
and nie walls of most [Mipulous cities u|«m the
topsfof hills seisi <l on, mid an army |'"unng i';
self within the walls; as also (every place full of
ilaJghter, and supplication* of the enenmii. vvhen
the^ were no biiiger able to lift up their bands in
way of opposition. Fire aUo sent upon templet
was here r< presented, ami houses overthrown,
and falling upon their owners; rivers also, after
tlfky came gut of a Urge and melancholy desert.
rm down, not into a laud cultivattd. nor asdriuk
foe men, or for cattle, but through a lanil still on
firApon every side; for the Jews related that
such n thing they had undergone tluring this war.
Now the workmanship of these represepitation*
was so niagniflcent and liveljr in the c6nstruction
of the things, that it exhibited what hiid been
done to Micli at did not sec it, us if they bad been
there reidly preseiit. On the lop of every one of
these p^igeuiits was placed the commander of the
city Ihat »as taken, and the manner jvberein ho
was taken. Mdrrov«f!»there followed those pa-
geants a great nuiiiber of ships; and for the.
#ther spoils, tluy were carried iu great plenty.
But for those that were taken in the t«.niple ol
Jerusalem.* they made the greatest figure of
them all; that is, the golden table, of the weight
of many talents! the candlestick alio, that was
made of gold, though Jtt construction was now
changed from that which we made use of; for itf
middle ihaft was fixed upon a batii, and (lie
small brancheiwerc u:x)duced out of it to a great
length, having the likenets of a trident In their
position, und naJ. every one a tocket made of
brass for a lamp at the tops of them. These
lamps were in nunibci' seven, and represented
the dignity of the number Seven among the
Jews; and the lait of all the spoils, was carried
the law of the Jewi. After these spoils passed
by a great many nien, carrying the iniagei of
victoiy, whose structure was entirely either of
well atreeinc with Moses'i description, Exod. xxV.Al,
36. (s!) The sroallnoss of the branches in Josephus. com-
l i a i e i l w it h t he thlnkn ess of tho * a on th a t a rrh . ( 1 1 . ) 1 httt
i i a i e i l w it h the thi ., ......
the l..aw or Penlstcuch does not appear on that arch a'
all, thoa(b Josi^iihuS, an eyewitness, aiaures us it was
carried ia this priKcssion. All which thuijt desarvo tbr
mnsidsration of t lie inquisitive reader.
IK)0K vii-^iiAP. vr.
^
iMO
i»«rr or of toil. Aft»r wWrh V«|i«.l»n n.urr h-
•il In the rfr«l |>l«'». •»'l '•'"«• '"""W"! tiimi
Doiiiiliiiii iil»'> '"'•• »wm with Ihnii, *nil iji,ml» •
Hloriiiio wpfM «rnn<'r. »»'i rO'l" oil « horin thai
«*• »nirlh> of u'lmifulHin
6. iNiiw Ihv (■•! |Mrl III ihi* |»Mn|Niu«ih<>w WM
■( ih» t«iii|il« »( iu|iiti>r ('■|Htii|iniit, t*hith*r
whrii ihv; m*n ceni*, lh*y MihhI •till ; M U w*t
th« Koiiiana' ■IK'tant iimIhiu In atny llU mhii*-
liody liroiight Ih* nrwa, that Ihx (fiirrnl uf ih«
mniiy •••• •••'"■ '''•"• ««'Mtf"l >•»• HiHioii, th»
•uii 'if Dior*', who hnil (h«n Imipk I«iI in Ihia In-
uiiiph iiiiiuiiK thu ni|iti«<>ii; ii rnp* h»<l »l»"> h»«n
■lUt ii|iiMi hi< lu'ml, nikI he h«<l hrrii ilriwn iiitu*
iiriifM r |il*r«< In tha diruin, iiiiil hn>l Mrithal Iwf n
liirmriili'il liy Ihoif thai ilrrw him alniiK; anil
Ihi l^iw of thi! Iliimnnt r<i|iiirril, Ihnt maUl'iie-
tnr; ruiMlniiiinl to illi', ihniilil hr •litiii th»r».
tiaatly aH-finilrtl; for II l«, A^ Il wfr«, ililrharf
ali^rlNth •urh irallrjra, >■■ all V<t**. •"■I >■••■"'* ■
il«|ilh, that lh« cjr* laiincH rrai;h thnr liotlnma,
ia«i«*l ovtr, and
il up ««lh aarlb.
Vitt Ihal'valhy whi'rh rat* Il ok ih* waal, •■•
Untlt lo Ihn < M or* fiirlonct, anil ik|il not ami till
AC'oriliiigly, whan il wai rrlutfil ihiit tlirrn Wi«
iilTiiiii,
Ihrv thru lirKnii t^t »l1'< r llmw
anil a<i<'h a* art- nut aaaiijt jo Im'
ri«tl aurh a< il i« on|MH>ihl<' lo II
.. - .•...' „-ll . „ l; ,|, j^„ ,.
irlongt
II rama lo thr lak* A«|ihaTtltii) nn'|h« Mioa aiila
II WB* altii thai Machrriit hail tha \allaat lop of
Ita hill alvtalvil nlxivr lhi> rr>l lliitlhan for tha
vallrjra thill lav on llir north ami tiiu^h tiilra, al-
IhOttgh lh<7 (>r Mill ••« larga at ihal iUr>aily Ha-
•rrlhril. yol it II III lili* mannrr an iiniVaKliiahl*
thinn III think nf filling ovrr thvnii aiVI (or Ih*
vallry that In • on tin- rniil aiilf, lt( ilr|iliyia founil
to ba no IrH than a liunilrril cuUiU- U Yxtafiila
a« far aa » inonntain thai llaa ovar aKtiiipt Ms* ■
rhfrua. with which il la hnnniltil, V
Now whrn Alrianiirr [ Jannriia,^ tha king of
anrni
for jo\
'I . ., , ..
»iulallth«mo|il«'liiiil.rtu|iBelioul' Iha Jawa, iibarrrril Ihr iinlura of thi* pJaiV. h«
thrn li»KBn t^t oil. r |lio.» aarrifii r« I waa Iha flral who liiiilt « iitailrl hi-rr. whirl» af-
wlii.'lilh.r fmil lona. i riil.il. 111 thi j.rii>*r« iiarrf l»rw««» waa .l^moltaliwl l>y tiahinm*, wh«l^ll«
in aui'li aiifriiinitiiiD'Whifh whrnlliry hail ItnUh-
ad, Ihry w«nl away lo Ihe pularr. Ami B» for
i«t 111 th<i »|ii rlalort, Iha afn|Hn>r» rntfrlaiiinl
aonut ,
tlirin III Ihi'ir own fraalt anil for all Ihr rral Inrr*
ware nohlv |irr|>araliona inailr for thnr fifaaling
at h n ; for lhi« waa a Iralivill ilay to Iha rity
of [loiiii', H« rrlibralvil fir Iha victory iilitainvil
liy their «rniy ovrr th<ir nii'Miifa, for tha rnil
thai ivua ni^w |»il lo llt« ir civil luiat'rirt, ninl for
lh« ciiniiiirncriiii'nl of their ho|>«« of fulurr (iroa-
narilv ami hiipiunft".
7. '.Vltir thtw triuinpha ware oviT, iinil aftrr
Ih* wlinira of thu Koiiiuoa wvra airillcd on ilia
iiirial foimilutloin, Vi'aiiaaiiin naolvrti to liuljil a
iFiii|ilo to IVari', whicfi h« finiahvd in lu iborl B
linic nnil in ao gjuriont B niiinni'r, an waa lir)ond
all houian eiprctnllon und upinjon: forhahnvlng
now liy rriiviilince n vtit quniility of waallh,
baaidia wlwil hii had lorniiTly gHinrilin h»a othrr
»xpliiila, he had thiatcniplcailornril willi picfurra
ami ►Inlufa; for in thi* triiipli! wii» oolleclMl ainl
depo»ilril all auch rarilf*a ua ini-n afoM-tinw uard
lo waiiilrr nil tivrr Iha haUitalilii world to f*,
wh<'ii tlicy hud a draira to a<-« una of llinn iiflcr
Bnollicr: he alio laid up thrrrin thoi« golden
TCMi'la nnd inilrumcnlt Ihal wrro lakcii out of
Ihr jowiall leinple, Bi cnaiKni nf Ilia glor^ Hul
tlill he ((live orilKr Ihiit Ihry ihould lay ttp ihrir
law, uml Ihr iMiriiln vviU'of the holy plac*, in the
royul palace ilavlf, nnd kcrp Iheni Ijicrai >
CHAr. VI.
Conetrnin/f Machtriu, anil how l.ufiliut Huutu
look ilie CitaJtl, and other I'laeti-
5 1. floyr I.iiciliua Kniau* wn« aeni at lijfate
into Juili'ii, ami tli«ro he received Iht- nriiiy from
Cereidia VileJIinnna, and took that citadel which
waa in Herodiitin, together »»i(h the pirrirtin that
wna in it; alter whicli lie got togeiher nil the lol-
diery ihiit was there, (which wai a liirKclioily,
but ili»pei'''eil into aeverul partiea,) with the tenth
legion; nnd rvaoivcd to ninke war upott Maclw-
rus; for it wa« highly neceuary Ihal thi* ciladcl
ihould ho dcmoliahed, U-st it might bonineana
of drawing nwav many into a rebellion, ^y mb'
ion of ita «treaslh;.for the nature of the place
<kaa very ciipable of alVoriling \he iurrat hopaia of
aafetv to those that poiacMed it, n^wetl^a delay
and fenr to I hone that should attack it; for what
was wnlled in Wiis il«elf " very rocky hill eleva-
ted to a very great hrij;ht, which circumstance,
alone made it very hard lo be mibdned. It wh*
also so contrived by nature, that it could not be
passes the city on the north side, there ii a cer-
tain iiluce called lliinrat, which produces a roo^t
IlK
iika
inBde war against Ariatoliulua. IHil whan f^a
rod caiiie to bti king, he thought tha place lo
worthy of Iha utmoat rrgani, and of being bail
upon the Arnieal manner, and thi< esitecially
raiiae it lay ao near tu Arabia: lor It is sealed I
a convenient place on thai ai'count. anti hail
I prospect towards that country i he ibtrafora
aurrouniled a large apace of ground with wallt
and timers, and budt a city there, out of which
city there waa H way that leif up 10 the vjry ci-
tadel itaelf on the toll of Ihe mountains nay,
more than Ibis, be built a Wall round thai lap uf
the hill, and erected towers at Ihe coruers,Yif •
huiiilreil nnd tiily eubili high; in Iha niiddllsof
which place he built a nalace, after a inB|;nlilr«ht
manner, wherein were large ami beautilul edit-
res. Me also liiaile a great many reservoirs for
Iha nception of water, that there might Ita
pleniy of il ready for all uses, and those io tha
pro|i*rest places that were aAordail him Ihera. s
Thus did he, as it were, contend with the nalura
nf the place, that he iai|fhl eiceed its natural
strength nnd saeurily, which vet itself rcader«<i
it hard lo be taken, liy those fortificalion* which
were lunde by the hands of men. MoreofeK h«
put a larga auantity ofiUrls and other machinal
uf war into II, and contrived to get every thiof
thither that nii|(ht any Way contribute to it* ia*
habitants' security, under the lotigeit tiege poa-
silile.
;). Now within this place there grew a sort of
rue," that deserves our wonder on account of iU
Inrgeneaa, for it was noway inferior to any fig-
tree whntsiieyer, either in height or in thick*
neas: and the report il, thai it had lasted ever
•luce the tiniei of Herod, and would probably,
have Inated much longer had il not been cut doya
by thoac Jews who took poiiession of Ihe pUc* '
nflcrward. liul still in thai vallry which encom-
a'ffian l iiHni uluu i vi' a l irrn . Il i ai i n (iHP r itt Major an d 8 1.
of tlie same iraiiiB with itself; its color is
that of flame, ami towards the evening il i«(mIb
out n Certain ray like lightninfc it is not eaiily
taken by luch as would do iti>ul Hscedes from
their hands, ndr will yield itself lo be takek
i|uielly. until either the urine of avroiuan, or tha
nii-iistrual blood, be imoreil upon il; nay, eve^
then it is certain death to those that Ibucn lli un-
less any one take and hang the root itself do»»li
frbw hii hand, and so carry it away. It may alio
be luken another way, withdut danger, which (»
this: They dig a trench quite round about il, till
the hidden part of the root be very iinall, they
by him lo hava hee n derived IVoin king IMl>Bwn,of wklrt
wn have nlrcnily aeon ho had a gniat opinion ; Anthj. IL
viii. ell. ii anri. iS. Wnalaomay lionca learn the traa n»
tiun JiHiephua had iif demnna nnd demoniacs, oianlly Iika
that uf the Ji Ha and Christians la the New Tcstaawal,
and tlin lirai fiiur n nturii'S Bca Aiitiq. B. vl. ch. TiU.
•■P|ianiii*ifiioiii«:rvf" fifi". iii«. . I. ...... .- ••■"J"' - — ":
eily (Iwy had run pHjiU(!i»usty great and duraklo, Jise this
lae ni Mdi'horui. ' ■ n
f Thill airniifri' neiount of thu plncc and root Uaaras
iwemii 10 hnvi' hi'i>ii luken IVcim llii; niagicinna, and Iha
tmrtlo l,avolnvnnindi!Uworinllniilova.ifJiiaiMil>«"'n -■- "■'.■^■■"- i;.-',. '^T'-i
■ that auiwrslitiuus way of eastinj oulitumora aaiipniod I iOBt »jP «. «n " ■>•• ••
■ " , •< 4
/■■■
iio
^
WAM orrnw.'dl^
r^7ii "n? .k-. ....1 fc.... 11 ..1 I. .•.!«• U.,11 iHr*ioh.l«n«iiitl.»lh«ll"«i«n ••••<•?. "•»«>••
to r»ll<iw him lh«l »l»"l hlin, iNn hh.I I> •^•l*f
■lucliwl H|ii bill th» ilog ihM iiuiti*iM<i(>l)r. H If
|i w«r« HitlMttl "f lh» m*n IhM otiul.l Uk» lh»
plani •<»«j i iHif •«•' thw ■•••I ««J '»•>• '>• «'•'«'
•( Uktng II lulu lh«lf h«ii.l«, V«l nflor •!! Ihlj
m»in» in K«UiNj|. U i» onljr f ■ImhU on •fniiint iil
oa« •irliin II n*«h, ihni ir il h« onl)) lir<iu||h| lu
(ti h |>»r«.>n«. U i|>mlil)r "In*" •<*•)' •'••iM' <»IUil
<|«iii<in«, wtiiih •« n<i oihur llimi Ih* •|itr(l« of
lh« WM kfil, IhnI •nitr tiM.i own IhnI •f «i»«,
■ml kill lh»m iinl«M Ikwy "nn oMnin •linio h«lp
■(KinM |li»in. Il«f« nr* nl"" I.HIilUliw of llo»
wnlvr, iIkI lltM* nut at lli(« plw". winch h»»ii •
*«r> iim»r»iil l««l» friMii lh«> <>lh»n for •iinii' *»l
thorn W hilur, ■ni) plhor* of «h«m aro (nV" y
««*•(. Il«r« or* •ito many •ru|ill<im of eolii
wa*«r«. ami Ihia noi only in Iha (ilaca Utal ll>
lowrr, anU ha«« Ibclr l.iiinlaina nraronr innllirr.
bill tHhat i« •III! mora wumlarCul, hara U I" l>a
wan > r»rtain car* har»» Itjr, whv^ eaxii* »» »«»
dofii. Iml II l« rovarail .>»ar bjr ■'nirk'lhal i» pro-
Mlnanl i alKif a Ihia ru<> Ikora *Uwl u|> Iwu | hill*
•rj brf«.U, ■« II wara, l»iiU - '•■'- '
from aiiiilhar ; lha ona of
lain Ihal la vary Ciiltl,
oaa llial U »»ry hoi; W,^- --, -
■ro hiiiikUiI loK'lliWt^oniiHrt^JI iiu>«« iilaaaani
halh: Ihay *ri ini-itMTnal, Mi<Jlr*U, lor olbrr ma-
Mlaa. but aaiiai tally (ooil r<«r •lrtnjthrniii|; Iha
aarvct.- Tbi* pl<i< • I'm In II bImi inluat ol lul-
uhur anil aliiiii. > .. , ,
4. Ni)w wbrn HaMut h*<l taken a full »l»wof
(Ilia iiliHr, h* rMolvail lo baiii-ga il. by »llin|f ui»
Iha vallry llinl Uy on Iha aatl aiHai to ha frll
hcril lo work, and look graat iiaina to rain hia
bankt at toon a* |ioiiibla, mil by ihnt m^ant In
ramirr Ihn iirne ra^y. A» for Ihe Jewf, llial
warr caughl in tbit p%«. Ibry ariwralril Ihrin-
mIv«> from lh« ilniiigSn thai wrrc wilh tlirin.
•Bil Ihry foriril tboM •IranRxrt, ai an oll|»rwi«a
ttialfu niiilliluda, lotlay in lb« lower (wrt of Iha
city, and undargo Iha prinri|ial dan^rrt, whili-
thrr Ihamwlvra •ritcd on ll|^ upprr riladcl, Hhd
bald it, and ihii both on i^^nl of ita •IrcnKlh,
•od lo proviilo lur Ihrir ol|[Barely. Thry aluo
■nppoicd lb«r niiitht oblaiiilaair panlob, in rnaa
Ihey thoulil fill laull •«rr«i|d«Tth«iilad«l. How-
over, lb«y wrru wininK lo ninke trini in Iha lirit
plaoe, whi'lbar lb« ha|>«« i^*)' bad of avoliliii|r a
-■■ — •■' " - •■■ — " •I"""' wilh which In-
_ .^ , dav.nnd fon[(ht
ilh thoM that met Ibeni, iii wbii|)i ronlliiU
^nilllf IHMint «•[!»*•■ Wiiw? ...-» - -
t»,» iH'rxin h*lnn|iiit |i» lh« Unman i-amp, »
nV»* •••« K»fu..T>y liirlh an l4[j|>ll«M, ran i
kiiu ludiUnly, whan «M»b.Mly aipirlad au
«^lik|. anil rarrlad him Oil, With hit arm '
•vlf ,' whila IH Iha maan lima Ihoaa I'
friii^ Iha wall warr uiiiltr •u'Jk ■■<> *i
Iha^ Miifot |>ra«anl'd Ibair ifjftmfj^
riad Klaaiar l« iha Honian camp
1^ Iha KoiHana on|ar»d ihajiia •niili
«il»l^
ii|» nakad, lat liafora
•Jily III hr t**-!!. and ,^
.V.ra(» whi|ip«'l *"''."" th^irT/r., II pirn I hi. and
fui* "
»>ili|^ riinlnuiil<4{- an
ly lamrnlad Rim, and
..r».«nl iKal hrftll Iha yiMin* man, lb. J«w.
wrre larribly riinlnuiiMj. ami Iha illy wilh una
viiica aoraly lamrnlad him. and Iha mimrning
lUjiiiotad il|H>n
Whan Hanna
I, l>Ml-<#li'
wMRn*iit'
lilll* ditiani ona
lamHiMil a foun-
iilhar ■rndt out
.rr«, whrn Ihay
provMl t""**' '*'*'' ■"*■''' *"'" '"* '"J
Iha ealamily of a •iiikU iwrxm W
|).rrrl»»d Ihal, ha lirKan lo lhinhiiCu«|n| a .Ira
L||>iii anaiii'l Iha enrniy, and wal 4r«lrim« lo
•««'»«■•" ''"■" *''•'• '" ordar lo pf«»ail wilh
iLm lo aur^endtr Iha ilti for Iha i.r»aar»alioo
of thai iba<i. Nor did hafttil of hiahoiw; lor he
rommandrd Ihriii to mI up a croa., aa if b« W«ra
jnal RoiiiK lo hanK K.lraMir U|Hin il niimrdlalaly t
tb« »ilbl of Ibii iKCu.l.0nl • iiira Kriaf aniimf
lho«» that ware In Iha f Uadal, and ihry (r.mnrd
.►hamanlly, ond crird uMI, that ihay could not
lirar.toaaa hMn lhu» d#.lroy«d. Whapiipoo
Klaaiar batounbl thaiii not lo diircnaril him,
now ha w«« nolnn lo wlfcr » liioal miirrablo
dralb, ami ruhuilnl lli»m lo •|i»» lbi!m««'l»M.
by vicldInK to lb'' lt«ii»"> R'^"** ""'' *"""' '"';
luna, aiiira all olhrr p»opli- *«.r«^ i„,w ?»ui<iuarril
by Ihani. Tha«« men were trrtWy hMi«*d wilf
whaine Mi'!. Ihrri' liriiiK oU> maay wTlfin Ih''
city Ihal inlrrifded for him, liacmmi bUi^a* of
an eminant and »er;r niinierout lanidy; •« Uiey
now yielded lo Ihiir |m(>ian of fimimi^rraVion,
contrary Im their u«iml cuatoiii. AciBonlingly tb.y
•ant out immediauly certain iiijiteiiRen, and
treated wilh the Konmni, in order lo « lurrendrr
of Iha citadel to Ihrni, and <lc«ired (bnl Ihcy
mlubt bjiifiennitUd to no awiiy and laVc lb*
Feo awiiv .... — ,
^lian dill Iha Roiit^iiia and
' theae ternit,' wH^o the,
that wera,i^l||)l lowi«»
>f Iha miPI't that
,_• fiw IhviflMIVet aloiie,
wny jwivalcly In the nighl-
li*Ke would come to any ihinK, wilh
tcHliun lliiy iimde »iilli«» every da" ■
with thoM that met them, in wl......
there were many of Ihem tlain, a« Ihey therein
l|ew niunv of the Romant. ItuI •till il wai Ihc
>ort\|nIlie> (hat p'ren'oted theiiiielvea, which'
d^'f^Hiiicd ^jolh iiilra their victoriea; Iheae
K gained l)V the Jewt, when they fell opon
..ihomiina lia"iliey Were od' their guiird; but by
the ({omanilijd^uiKmtheotlicrt' aal|iea ni^uinat
their bniikatMl^iniiaw their rominK, and were
upuii Ihtir iPlrtI when Ibey received ibem. Ilul
the coiii'luaion of lhi« aiege did not di'iieud upon
theae bIrkerinKa; but a certain t\xr\>rmng acci-
. dent, reltttinic to whiit w»a done in Ihia aiege,
iorced the Jcwa to aurrehder the citadel. There
Waa a ciTtiiiii yuune man aihong the biaieged, of
great biddneaa, And very active of hia hand: hia
name wua Kbatar, He greatly aiKnnliicd him-
Mlf in.tboae aulliea, nnd encouraged the Jewa to
go out in great nuiubcra, in order lo hinder the
niainx of the tmuka, and did th^ Romana a vaat
deal of iiiiHtbief when theys^nnie to lighlinE; be
■o managed matters, that Ihoae who nHtlied out
niade llieir nttncka eii»ily, and _ returned
without droi
out
back
lar all
their
mult
part
waa
lime; but aa noon aa they hail oiiened their galea.
Ihoae that had come lo terma with I<aaau4 told
him of it; whether it were that they envied the
olhera' ileliVernnce, or whether it were done out
of fear, leat an occinion ahould lie taken againat
them uiiou their e»cape, it uncertain. The nioit
coiirageoua, therel'orr, of Ihoae men that went
out picvented the •■flemy, and got away, and Bed
for il; but for thoae men (hat were caught ♦ilhin
they were alain, lo the' number of one thoUaand
aevert hundred, a« were Ihe women and children
niBile afavei. Hut ua lluaaua thought he uiunt
perfbrm the covenant ho had made with thoae
that had aurrcnderrd the citadct, he let tbeiii j^o,
and reatored Kleaiar to them.
6. When Haaaua had aettled thea« airairf. ho
marchetl huttity lo ihe forest of Jurdcn, aa it la
called fifor he had hearrt tlml a great many of
thoat-.ihat had flcil from Jiruaalein nnd Muclierii!*
^rtierty, were there gotten together. When li«
WBI therefore coiiie to the place, and underatood
I tliat the former iiewa waa^io inistakc, he, in the
firat place, aurrounded the whole place with hia
! horaiHiien, that such of the Jewa aa had bolilnea*
' enBUgh lo t»^ to break through, might have no
way po^aible' lor racapinj;, by repaon irftlie ai-
iijer, and Uiin by alill blinking up the | tuation of their horsemen; and forthe footmeo
f. Now il happened Ihnt on n rertain ] h« ordered them In ru
.1. i! I-. -..'- - I I...1I. -:.l..- I— *I.A uffi/ul urhillior
fear hi i iitelf . — Kow il hnppenei
) rut down the treea that were
iiiie, wiieu the fight waa over, nnd both aides in the wood whither they .were fled. So\
irere parted, and retired home, he, in way of i Jews were under a neceaaity of perforromg i
■ontcmni of Ihe enemy, and thinking that none '< glorioua exploit, and of greatly expoamg 11
So\ the
■- ; «onie
ly, ana ininKing mai none ' giorioua e»|)iuii, ■mi "■ Kicoii» c.p.j...^ them-
of them would becin the fight ttjrain if that time, selves in a battle, since they niiifht P«fhBp»
itaid without the gates, ami talked with thoae 1 thereby escape. So they made a general *tt»cls
that were upon the wall, and his mind was I •nU with a great »hoi)t feU upon those that ntf'
mauo to hia foi
.#.
rit, mill ,
II' Jon*
nil IIM
luriimg
ril ii|Hiii
llaMn*
(■•in
Iriiu* III
■il Milh
irTitlina
i;lW Irn
hn w< f
ilmUljr ,
f Himrnir
|[ruiin«u
mill nut
uri'iitmii
ril liiiii,
iMvnililfl
iiiarl«c«,
iHiil fiir-
IHJUKri'll
Vl will
l^ri III!'
1^(14 ill*
mi \i\ey
•rmiliiii,
igly U1.7
•r«, Riiii
urrrniirr
Ml ihi'jf
k., r.ii'it-
ItfUlt tllll
iH(o th«, jt
Plit th.t
pg nloiifl»
l)<i iiikKI-
tirfnlr%,
••uf tuld
ivied lli«
donr out
!^4P
WKjiK Vll.-CIUP. VII.
/■
ul IktfN, wko r*'*l*«i< llMm wHli |r*al { d»mi for n» ihmi •# tiMM ^iiMiilry WAdN^iM MMlk
■|[*i unit •<> whil* Ik* •III* alilr rimchl iIm- i «• li'ftHfi lii< li»ii<l Hfiaiiiu tli«Hi. Wibcit Am^A>
(Mly, mill lh« iilhrr wmhIiI ikiI tiilil, Ihai nxhl ; iIiim liranl ihia iin«%|M'r|><l iii wt, l^i < vtulil tW
I (iniloiipail Ml Ihal muMiil llul Ih* *<*nl think m Ihr li i<i u< MnklNf war wiik ikf !!•>
nl'tfii iMliI* ilid ■">* •II***'' III* rtiwrliiliun iif nmna. hut ilrUrmiiMNi l<( l**«ii W» wkiil* tii|
thii AomlnnUi for tii II haiiiicn*!) tlml nu Hi»r« ! dnui m llir ilKlf wiMlttlH II •iiW wiM. HHJ 10 l«
'ikaii l<**l>« l>ll 'M« Ihn Hoiiiiin till*, with k r«w i lira |iriiiiiiilt, with ki< miiIv nwI <'hiklr*H. M
• Ikal m*f WHUwUili liul nut nnn u( lk« J>wi »»■• lhinliiii| ihtrrl>> !>• livHxinxrai* liimwll l<> Ik*
r«|>*d lint nl Una Imlllr. but lli«y w«r« ullkilkd,
" b«liif III Ik* wbWf not Irtor In aumlwr Ikan
tkrrv lliiiuMHil, l<iK»^*r inlh JihIm Hi* ■on o(
Jtlru*. Ibfir iciMiwI. runcrriiiiiK wkom «» hat*
h»^it» niukvn, ikal k« hail iMcn a ra|it*ib uf a
(trUin liKiiil *l lk« •Iff* of JmiMUiii, anil h>
volniriloMrn into a rrrlatit vault uuilvr i^rouittli
Ittd privalrly itiadx hi» tai a|ir
i^ MniuI ih* Mm* liiiio II «*i Ikal Otar arnl
a l«ll»r lo llaMM4, anil l» l.tlwriua klatimui, wliu
mt» Ik* prrH urator fof JinUa.j ami ■»«• onlrr*
(kat all Jiiiija •hiiuUI li» xiioafil lixal* • for kn
dill not (•luiid a(iy nl^ tlwrv, liul r«Mr«<>il Ika
cmmlry |«>r htrnmli . Ilowvtvr, b* awnf i ii " ! a
placti lor clihl liiitulrrd men only, wkutii ur had
dunniHil Itmiii hi* ami), whirk ki' gava Ihani
lorlhrir hnhilalinn; II la lalUil liiwtuaiU.t artil i*
dialani Croui Jrruaalt in ikrrrarora fi«llon(i. Ila
•lau laid a iriliiilv n|uin lli« Jvara whrnaorvrr
thrjr nrrv, and •njoiii'd rvcrjr uiir ol ihrni lo
hriBK lv«o drarhniii- rtrry }<iHr Into Ih* i'a|iilol,
ai tlifjr ul^il lo pay lh« aaiuv lo tlir limipli' at Jc-
ruaalcin. And Ihiii waa Iha alala uf thv Jawiah
•(fair* al tki* liinc.
CIIAI'. VII.
Canf«rn<nir Ihi ('alamili/ thai ItiftU ./Inlhchui,
hinK i>f ( 'nmmairtnt. Ai aitu t'lmirrninr Mr
JllmHt, anil whal grtat JHi$chi(Ji M<y JiJ li (A<
MiJtt ami ArmiHiant.
\ I. Ani> now, in Iha fourlli yrar of tka rriKn
of V«a|Nial|in, it raiiic lu iiiiM, Ikal Anliiirkua.
Ika kInK ul ConiniaKcnr, with all hia faiiuly, I'ril
iato vrry Knut iHlainiliia. The orcii»ion Wat
tkikt C«ii>lMttM( I'i'lua. who waa prilidl-nt of Syria
■t lliia liiii*-, whether it wcrn duni! out of naard
t« truth, itf wlialhfr oul of hatrvd lo Anliorliua,
(for whkh waa Iha real niolivn w«« navvr tho-
rourhly diarovvr^d,) ttnl an rpiatl* to Ca'tar,
aadlhirrin (ohi hiiu Ikat " AnliiMhua. wilh liia
•on Kiiiphniica, hnd raaolvrd tu rrhul aKainat lliu
HoniaiK, and had inadr » WujfuK witlvilhti kiMK
of I'artkia to ihni plirpoar; that It Wat llirrrlor«
^ fit lu pratt'iit thrill, lial thiy (iri'vi nt ua, and
kwKm audi a mir «■ way rauac a vrnrral Hialurh-
aiice ill the Konian Hinpirr." Now ('iraar wua
diapoaed lu laliit ■cHiii' car<! nlioul the nialtir,
•iiuw lki> lAiacMvcry wa* iiiadr; for thr iirlich-
borbooil nl th« kwiKiluiua iitadv Ihlaalluir wurthy
of fntatrr— rcKarrl; for Hamoaula, Ihr rn|iitiil ul
C(Mani«t;inr. lira upon Kupfaratea, and, upon any
•uch ilt'«iKn, Cuiild adurd ax raay paaanfcv over it
to Ihti I'urlhiana, and PUuld alao alt'uMl Ihrin n
Mn^ura reorplion. I'rtut wia aicordih^l^ li«-
licrrd, anil hud authorlly (i*eta kiin <il dnlng
what he ihuiild (liiuk profM-r In Ibr r»ai' ; su he
i«t about it ivithoiit ilcluv , and ftH uimn (.'uiii-
niai^ne bel'om Anliookui And his pcnplc had Ihi'
leatt «xpi'Cliitlon of hia cohiIok: he hnd with
him Ike tenth leKiuii, hi bIho roine cohort* and
troopa of hgrnrnien. Thi'se kin)(> nito canie to
hi> aaaMance; Aristuhiduii, Wmg of the country
called Chalciiiene, and Sulu'iuua, who wat called
kine OtI' l^ieta. Not waa there any op|H)iitloD
made to hia furcet wheii tli^ entered the king-
* li ill very rcmarkahlr tknt Tiluiilii) mil |icu|ih! tbii
/ ni)w deanlatn rauiiUy ofJiMl'Mi, but orilt*rcil it to bo all
anid; hiir, iiuliM-d, ia it pr»|M*r)y iM>»p|i>d ul Iliia (lnv..l>ut
|iM >f ily fnr il^iiljl inhiihillliiU III,' Jfwa. Ill thpir ftllulH
Honiana |,i tir innorvnl aa lo the itirt'iMiiUMH laM
aialnal iHiii Hu k« w*ii< away froiii Ikal rily M
liar aa a hiimlrvd and twenty Inirliiiiia, into •
ulnln, and Ih^rv piichvil ki* Itnia
^ i. I'riu* than a*iit aoin* nl hi* mm Itv mIm
upon Sianioaala, and l>) Ihtir iiiirana IumIi pot-
Miaaiun ul that rily, whtia h« wolit hiliiwll li at-
lark Aniiui boa with lb<' rrat of liiajfknn * . Ilnw-
•«>r, Ika kinj w«i nut prvuKil'l I'l" >■ hy Iha
dialrraa kv wa4 In lo ilo all^ IIh . iln' nay of
war aaainal III* Hoiiiaiia, hiM imnniawnl hia ota*
haril liilK. ami t-HdiifKil wilb ^<alii>nic« what k*
waa not atda lo prattnl. Hut hia •011% wbu war*
ftmnns, and uB»»p»>t»»r»d»tw war, l|SU(4 ainuig
iHHilea, wir* not i-aaily Indurail lo itgfft ikji ca- M
Kpiphanei,^tira<l'or« 9
lanijiv wilhoal llRhlinK
'If . .
■ad ('allinirua, hrlmik Ikainaelv*'* liii iiiiht
forrr' and at lli* hallla wat a aorv imii, and latl
rd all Ihr day lonir, Ihry thowad Ihiir aMWu va'
lor in a rinmrknMa manner, and iiuIMmk hul
the appniaidi of niKhl put a {leriod lk*ci(li>, ami
that withoul any illniiniilinn of Ihrir lnrlwVsyal
would nol Antloi'hiK.upim Ihiai 'in< luaiiiu 'il Ilia
Al^iil, ronlinue Ihrrti liy any nieana, hut (<*uk hi*
Wife mid hit daiighlirt, iiid fled away witfe llirDi
10 (.'lltri*, and liy to doing quila di>i'Ourii||lri th*
niimla of hit own aoldicr*. ArrurdiiiKly, npry ra-
vnlled, and went oter lifi lh« KonNlMa, oul ol th*
deajinlr liny Here in of hia keeplna Hie ltill|^lli;
»nil hia rnae waa looked iifion hy all ua iiullSaea'
peralr. It wat Ihervlorx necraaary that Kpi-
phanea and hi* aohliera ahuuld art ilear of IJkeir
«neiitlea liit'ore Ihey lieraliie rulTrely Ltvalillitt of
any t'oul'ederalea: nor were there any imyu'
11 n hurai'iiiin wilh hiiii, who patavii wnh
over Kuphriilet, whinru Ihey w»nl uHidialill
III VoloKiaut, the king of rarlhia, lahera
werr'not dian'Kanled at fugilivr*, iwt had
aaine rra|M'rt paid Ihrin w if thay had relalHN
their MiK'lenI proaprrlly. i
U. iNow when AntiiKhu* «i*.coni* loTanai
in (,'ihriii, I'eliTa ordered a canlurhin lo gu Hi
him, and tend him,in buiida tu Home, liowevair,
Veapiiaiiin I'ould riot emiurr lo have a klii(
lirouKht |o liliii in that manner, but ihoii^hl it Hi
ralhi r to have a rr{(unl lo the ancient' frieiidahi|r
that had liien hetwien them, than topretrrve ■»
iiietondde iiUKer, UfVin pretence of ikit war—
AcrurdinKly, he gave order* that they tliould^
lake ull hit lionda, while ho wnt ilill ttpoii tho
road, and tliiit he thifiilil not come tu Rome, but
ahnuld now go and lira at l,acedeinon; lie a|io
gave him liirge revenue*, that he might not unl^
nve in plenty, but like a king aNo. When Kpi-
pliunea, who before wiit in great fiiir for hit fa
Ihrr, nna infuTiiied of thia, IhejrmiiiJtwere freed
from all llint grriit and alniotl incurable concern
they had bi>en under. He alto hirpeilthatCieaar
would be ri'cunciled to them, iipoii tha inlerret-
alun of Vologeaua; for although lie lived in pU'n-
tv, he knew not how lo bear living out of tha
lioiiiiin empitv. So CVt»r j^ni e him leave, after
an oiiligiiig manner, and lie nunetoKonie; and
aa hit father cnnie quickly lo hiiu from I^acede-
mon, he had all lorta of rtvpect paid him there,
and there he reuiiiined.
that Emmaua which ia mentjom'il by Bl. Luke, i>iv. I3i
ai-o Retniid'a Palrtlin*, lib. il. \Mfn 431), and under the
aame ilnme Anitnituo alao. Hut ho juatly Ihinka, lliul that
in 81, Luke may well Iw Ihw aamw with thia Amniwua lie-
■e l*il. Arroiiiji. iil'Pri>|ilnTii*a, p. 77.
t Tbal tho city of Kiiiiiiauaor AniiiuMUiiii Jiaiephu
raatorution. H11'
i
liuaand
olhera, wliieh w'lia thi- iitiiCM ol* tin' f("V''riinieiit ot' 'Juliua
AlVionna, in tin- lii'Kiiiiiini; of tk^ tiiird nntiiry, Uiid
wkich ke then pnn iiriMi to tm ri'tmilt, iitiil n([ff uhiclire-
kvUdiai it wu calhjd AlntrWin, i> cntiitily diflRirciit frum
li>r« ua, ea|HTiully aiitre the tireek copiea heru uaualjy
make it liU furlunifa -diatiiiit from Jeruaalem, aa ihra fli- -
Luke, Ihoucb the Latin rauict aay only rNI. Thn jilara
alau oIlQtIi'd for tlir^e Htm aiildii-ra, n'.'ir>r a Itimmn pitifn'
ton, in thin titiK-,', wouM moat naturally lie nut hi rtimiita
from JcrHaak'to u waa tiic ufkar |limm*«a df Nicopdu.
m
WARS OF THE JEWS.
I '
4. Now then wu • nalion of the AUni, which
w« hB»« fol'inerly mentioned toiiiewhen!,* •■
being Scvthieni, enU iultabiting st the l»li« Meo-
ti«. Thit nation about thii time laid a deiign of
luH'iiK upon Media and the narti beyond it, in
ortler to ulundfrth«iii;\»ilh wliieh intention they
treated with the king ot Hjjrcania; for he win
inaater of that pBiiaRe wliich king Alexander
rtheOreatl»hutup with iron galei. The king
gave them leave to come through them; *<K"*^y
£am« in great multitudat, and fell upOt> the
Medet unexpectedly, and plundered the country,
which they found full of people, and replennhed
with abundance of cattle, while nobody durit
make any reiitUnee againit them; for PaCoru»,
the king of the country, had fled awav for fear,
into placet where they could not eaiily co«ie at
him, and had vitlded up every thing he had to
theiii, and ha(I only saved his wife and hi»concu-
binei from them, and that with ditricuUy also,
after they had been made captive*, by giving
them a hundred talcnti for their ransom. These
Alans therefore plundered tlie country without
opiMJsition, and with great ease, and nroceeded
a» far as Armenin, laying all waste before them.
Now Tiridates was king of that country, who
met them, and fought them, but had like (o have
been Uken alive in the battle: for a Certain man
threw a net over him from a gr»!at distance, and
had soon drawn him to him, unless he had imme-
■ diately cut the cord with hissword, and rup away,
and prevented it. So the Alans, being still more
brovoked by thit light.laid vyaste the country,
and drove a great multitude of the men, ami a
great quantify of other prey they had gotten out
of both kipgdoms, along with them, and then re-
treated back to their owJi country. '
CHAP. vni.
Concemingr Masada, and thoMt-Sicnrii vho kept
it; and how Siha betook himself to form ^Ihe
Siege of that Citadel Eleamr'a speechet to
the beneged.
11. When Basius wai dead in Judea, Flayiut
Silvji ;«icteedcd him ai procurator there: who
»Hen;M taw that all the rest of the c.untry was
fiibdifeJ in thit War, and that there was but only
one strong hold that was ttill in rebellion, he got
all his army toget|jer that lay in diflerent places
and made an expedition against it. This fortress
wat called Matada. It wat one Kleaiar, a potent
man, and the commander of these SicarJi, that-
had teiied upon it. He was a detceiidant from
that Judas who had persuaded abumlance at Jhe
Jews, at we have formerly related, not to tul*iit
to the fixation when Cyjenius was sent into Ju-
dea to make one; for then it was that the Sicarii
got together agiiingt those that were willing to
sulnuit to Ut« Rouiant, and treated them in all
respects as if the^had been their enemies, both
by plundering them of what they had, by driving
away their cattle, and by setting fire to their
houses; for they said, that they diyered not at all
from foreigners, by betray iog, in so cowardly a
manner, that freedom which the Jewt thought
worthy to be contended forto the utmost, and by
owning that Ihry preferred slaTcry under the
Romans before tuch a contention. INow, this
was, in reality no belter than a pretence, and a
cloak for the batbarity which was made use of
by them; and to color over their own avarice,
which they afterward made evident by their
■ own actions; for those that were partnere with
them in their rebellion, joined also with th«;ni in
the war against the Romans, and went farther
lengths wlththeiii in their impudent imdertakings
•gainst them; and when they were again con-
victed of dissembling in such theii- pretences.
thev still more abused those that justly re-
' And, in-
of wicked practices, Iniomuch that no kttri of
evil deeda were then left undone; nor could any
oiie 16 much at devite any bad thing that wat
.ply tyere the^ all infected, and strove
with oiie another in their single capacity, and in
new. to deep
pni i uhed th.m Jor th e ir w i c k ednes s.
deed, that »vas a lime most fertile m all manner
* Thu IS DOW wanting.
their coniniunitiet, who iliuulU run Ihe greatest
lengths in impiety towardt tlod, and in unjuit
actiont towardt their neighbort, the nien of
power oppressing the multitude, and the multi-
tude earnettly laboring to deilroy the men of
power. The one part were detirout of tyrannil-
ing over others, and the rest of oflering violenc*
to others, and of plundering such at vvere richer ,
than themselves. They were the Sicarii who
fint began these trantgrettions, and 6rst became
ba'rbarout towards those allied to them, and left
no words of reprooch unsaid, and no works of
i>erdition untried, in order to destroy those whom
their contrivance! aflected. Yet did John de-
monstrate by hit action! that Ihcte Sicarii were
more moderate than he wat himtelf, for hff not
only slew all such at gave him good counsel to
do what was right, but treated them worst of all,
as the most bitter enemies that^e had among all
the citiient; nay, lie filled bit entire country
with ten thou»Bnd intlances of wickednest, ttictt
as a man who was already hardened auRiciently
in hit impiety towanls God would naturally do:
for the food was unlawful that was Sff upon hit
table, and he rejected those purificafiont Ihiit
the la»v of his country had ' ordained : to that it
wat iio longer a woniler if he, who wat to mad
in hit inniiely towards God, did' not objerve any
rules of geiitlcntss and common aflection to-
wards men. Again, therefore, what mischief
was tlier,p which Simon the ton of Gioras did not
do? or what kind of abuset did he abstain froia
as to those verv freemen who had set him up
for a tyrant? What friendship or kindred were
ther-e that did not ni^ke him more bold in hit
daily murders? for they looked upon the doing
of mischiif to itrangers only as a work beneain
Iheir courage, but thoilght their* barbarity _ to-',
wards their nearest relations would be a glorious
demonstration thereof. The Idnmeant also strove
with these incn, who should be guilty of the
greatest madness; for they [all,] vile wretches
at they were, cut the throats of the high priests,
that so no part of a religious regard to GoA might
be preserved; they thence proceeded to destroy
utterly the least femaint of a political govern-
ment, and introduced the most complete scene of
iniquity in all instances that were practicable<-
umfer which scene,.tliBt tort of people that were
called zealots f;rew up, and who indeed corret-
ponded to the name; for they imitated every
wickrd work; nor if their memory suggested
any evil thing that had formerly been done, did
they avoid zealously to pursue tlie tame; and al-
though they gave themselves that name from
their zeal for what was good, yet did it agree to
them only by way of irony, on Account of those
they hail unjutfly treated by their wild and bru-
tish disposition, or at thinking the greatest mis-
chiefs to be the greatest good. Accordingly,
they all met with tUch endt as God deservedly
brought upon them in way of punishment, for nil
tucli miseries have been sent upon them as man's
nature is capable of undergoing, till the utmost
(l^riod of their lives, and till death came upon
them in various ways of torment; yet might one
say Justly that they Buffered less than thev had
done, became it was impossible they could be
punished according to thefr deserving. Uut to
make a lamentation according to the deserts of
those who fell under these men's barbarity, this
it not a proper place for it: I therefore now re-
turn again to the remaining part of the preient
narration.
2. For now it was that the Roman general
raine, and led hit army ag ainst Kli>azar and
i.niiiii, — uuu — tici, — mM — ".-"J — "t," - — —
those Sicarii who held the fortress IMasada to-
gether with him; and for the whoU country ad
this contrivaiic
DOO^ VII.— CHAP.
VIII.
573
(inrd rt, anil pnl (rnrrinpni
joiniDK, he prctenlly ni
lulo tlitt iiiuit |iru)ier plurcii t>( it : he nUo Ii<h1i n
will quitii round the entire riirtrcio, that none of
the bt'titgeil niiKhl canity i'ii('ii|i(i : he hNo art hit
men lu n^iiHrd the tevemi pHrti of it: he iiliio
fiitchfd hi« cinip in luch an n|;r) entile pinre ai
le had chuicii for the aieKe, and lit whirh pliire
the rock belonging to th<: Inrtniu did make the
neareat approach to the niiirhhorin); mountain,
which yet wai a place o( ilitiirulty for getting
pl|inly of proviaiona; for it waanot only fond that
waa to be brought froni a greubdittaiice [to tli^
army,'] and thia with a great ileal of paina to thoie
Jewa who were appointed for that purpoae, but
water waa also to be brought to the camp, he-
caute the place aflbriled no fouiitniii- that waa
near it. When therefiirt'Silva had ordered tlieaa
adaira beforehand, he fell tobeaic^ing the place;
which aiege waa likely to atanil in need of a great
deal of akill and paina, by reason of the atrengtb
of the fortrcaa, the nature of which I will now
deacribe.
3. There waa a rock, not aniall in circumfe-
rence, and verv high. It wna cnconipaaaed with
valleya of «uch yo«t depth downward, that the
ave could not reach their bottonia: they were
■ abrupt, mid auch oa no animal co6)d walk upon,
eicejiting at two placea of the rock, where it
tubaidea, in order to nlford a panaage for aacent,
tluiugh not vyithout difficuMy. Now, of the waya
that leairto it, one ia that Ironi the lake Aaphal-
tilia, toit'aird* the auhriain^, ni^l another on the
weat, yHu!re the aacent if' eaaier: the one of
tlieap ways is called the SerpeAt, as rcaemhling
that animal in its narrowhitai and ita perpetual
windings; for it ia broken off nt the prominent
precipicea of the rock, and Teturna frrt^uently
ipto itacif, and lengthening!; again by. little and
little^liulh much ado to proceed forifSh'd; and.
ho thit would walk along it imiat first go on one
leg and then ou the other: tliere ia nUn nothing
but dtstiuciion, in caae your feet -dip; for on
each side there h a vastly deepnUnsni and pre-
cipice, auirnicnt to quell tho'cournge of every
body by the terror it iiifusca into llie mind.
When, therefore, a man liuth gone aloftg thia
wav for thirty furlonga, the reat is the top of the
' hill, not ending at a small point, but ia no other
than a plain upon the highest part of the moun-
tain.' Upon thia toil ol the hill Jonathan the
high priest firat of all built a fortreaa, and called
it Masada; after which tlie rebuilding of thia
place employed the care of king Herod to a
great degree: he also built n wall round nbout
>e entire top of the hill, seven furlongs long: it
waa composed of ivhitc stone; its height wns
twelve, and its breaitth eight cubits'; there were
also erected upon the wall thirty-eight towers,
each of them nfty cubits high; out of whieh you
might pass into fepser edifices, which were built
on the inside, i-ound the entire wall; for the king
reserved the tup of the hill, which was of a Cut
soil, and better uiouhl than ilny valley for agri-
culture, that such as coniinitled the'mselves to
this fortress for thfir preservation, might not
even there be quite destitute of food, in caae they
should everJje in Want of it from abroad. More-
over, he built a pulitce therein at the western as-
cent; it^was within ^nd beneath the walls of the
citadel, luit inclined t<i its north side. JVow the
wall of this palace ivas very high and strong, and
bad at its four corners towem sixty cubita high.
The furniture tiUo of the eijitices, and of the
cloiatcrs, and of the b:itlis,''vfas of great variety,
and very coHlly; and these buililini^s Were sup-
ported by pillars of single stones on every aide;
' the walls also and the lloors of the edifices 'were
paved with stones of several colors. He also
had cut many and great pita, as reservoirs- for
water, out of the rocks, iit every one of the
places that were inhabited, both above and round
I for levrral nara, aa if there had h»en no foun-
! Inina Ihrrc Here was klab« road dqg from Iha
palace, and Ifading to the very top of the moun-
tain, whii-h yi't conlil not be aren by such ai
were witlioiit [Vhe walla ;] nor, indeed, could ent-
mira easily miike use of the plain rnaila; for the
road on the east hide, as wn have already taken
notice, could not be ivulked upon by reaaon of itt
nature; and for the western road, he built*,
large tower at its narroweit nlnre. nt no less a
distance from the top of the hill than a thousand
cubits; which lower conld not po»»ilily be nasi>
ed by, nor rotihl it be easily taken; nor, inoeedi
could those that Walkeil along it, without any
fear, auch waa ita contrivance, ca«ily get to the
end of it; and after such a manner was this cita-
del fortified, hothi by nature and by the hnnila of
men, in order to frustrate the attacka of rh< mici.
4. Aa tor the furniture that was within this for-
treaa, it was still more wonderful, on account of
its aplelidor and long continuance; for here wai
laid up,^ corn in great quantities, and auch ai.
would anbsist men fiir a. long time; here was also
wine and oil in abundance, with all kinds of puli« .
and dates heaped up together; all which Ele^"
lar found there, when he and his Sicarii got
pnaaeaaion of the fortreaa by treachery. Theat
fruits were also fresh and full ripe, ond nq Way
inferior to such fruits newly laid in, although they
were little short of n.hnndred yrafs* from tho
laying in these proviaiona, [by Herod] till the
place waa taken by the Rpniana; nay, indeed,
Tjuhvii the Komana got posteaaion of those fruilii
that were left,' they found them not corrupted
all that while; nor ahould we be mistaken, if we
suppose that the air waa here the cau«e of their
enduring so long; this fortress being'so high, and
so free Ironi the niixturc of all terrene and mud-
dy |)articles of matter. There wn» also found
here a larec quantity of all aorta of wea|>Dna of '
war* which had been treasured np by that king,
and were autricient for. fen^ thousand men; there
waa cast iron, and brass, and tin, which show that
he had taken much pains to have all f hiHgs here
ready for the greatest orcaaions; U>t the report
goes how Herod thus prepared this fortreaa on
nls own account, as a refuge against two kinds of '
danger; the one for fear of the multitude of the
Jews, lest they ahould depose him, and restore
thyir furmcr kings to the government; thjc other
danger was greater and more terrible, which
arose from Cleopatra, queen of KgypI, who did
(int conceal her intentions, but apoKe often to Ah-
ony, and desired him to cut off Herod, and en-
treated him to bestow the kingdom of Jude%
upon her. And certainly it is a great ivondcr
that Antony did never comply with her com-
mands in thia point, ai he waa ao miserably en-
slaveit to his passion for her; nor should any
one have been surprised if she had been gratified
in auch her. request. So the fear of these dan-
gera made Herod rebuild Masada, and thereby
leave it for the finishing stroke of the Romans in
this Jewish war.
5. Since therefore the Roman coniniander Si • ,
va had- now built a wall on the uutaiile, rAiina
about this whole place, as We have said already
and had thereby made a moat accurate proviaioa
to prevent any one of the besieged running away,
he undertook the siege himself, though he found .<
but one single place that would admit of the baokt
he was to raise: tat behind that tower which ae>
cui-ed the road that led to the palace, and to the
top of the hill, from the west, there was a certain
eniinenry of the rock, very broad and very pro-
minent, but three hundred cubits beneath the
highest, parts of Masada; it waa called the White
Promontory. Accordingly he got upon that part
of the rock, and ordereirthe army to bfing earth ;
and when they fell to that wurK with alacrity,
* Pliny nnil others confirm this strange paradOT, that
\ ■
-V
about the palace, and before the wall; und by | provisions Ini.l up nRaiiwt vicgi^s will rontinuo good *
this contrivance be endeavored to have water hunilted years, as Spanhcim notes upun thia pisoe
574
— ;■/
•nd abuiiduice of Ihein together, the bank wu
railed, and became mlid fur twu hundred cubit*
in height. Yet w«' not (hit hanic thought •ufli-
ciently high foi^e uae of the engiiiet that
were to be aet upp it; but ititl another elevated
work of great ttoncs conipactiM togetber wa*
railed u\mn that bank; \u\» wai liUy cubiti,
both in breadth and height. The other machine!
that were now got ready, if ere like to thoie that
had been f'nt deviled by Veliiaiian, and after-
ward by Titut, fur liegea. Ihere wai alto a
tower niade of the height of liktjr ciibiU, and all
over plated with iron, out of which the Roniani
threw durti and itonei from the cnginei, and
■pou made thoie that fought from the walli of the
place to retir«» and would nut let them lift up
their head! above the worki. At the Mi.ie time
Silva ordered that great battering-ram which be
had made to be brought thither, and to be let
■gainit the wall, and to niake frequent batteries
againit it, tvhich, with aouie diluculiy, broke
dovrn a part of the wall and quite overthrew it.
However, the Sicarii made haite, and presently
bniltdnother wall within that, which should not be
liable to the same miifurlunn from the machines
with the other; it was made aoft and yielding,
add to was capable of avoiding the terrible blows
that affected the other. It was framed after
the following manner: they laid together ((tat
beams of wood lengthways, one cloie to the end
' of another, and the tame way lA which they Were
cut; there were two of these rows parallel to One
another, and laid at such a distance from each
other at the breadth of the wall required, and
earth was put into the tpace between those rows.:
Now, that the-earth might not fall away upon the
elevation of thit bank to a greater height, they
farther laid other beams over across tliem, and
thereby bound those beamt togctlier that lay
lengthwayt. Tliis work of theirs was like a real
edifice; and when the macbinet were applied,
the blowt were weakened by itt yielding, and as
the materials by such concussions were shaken
cloier together, the pile by that uieans became
' firmer^than before. When Silva saw this, he
thought it best to endeavor the taking of thit
wall by letting 6re to it: to he gaye order that
the soldiers should throw a great number of
burning torches upon it; accordingly, at it was
chiefly made of wood, it loOn took lire ; and when
it was once set on fire, itt bollowness made that
fire spread to a mighty flame.. Now at the verv be-
ginning of this fire, a north wibd that^tben blew
proved terrible to the Romans; for, by bringing
the Same downward, it drove it upon them, and
they were almost in despair of success, as fear-
ing their machines would be burnt: but after
tbu, on a sudden, the wind changed into the
- south, as if it vv«re done by Divine f rovidence,
add blew ttroogly the contrary way, and carried
the Oame, abd drove it against the ^ wall, which
was now on fire through its entire thicknets. So
the Romani, Itaviog now assistance from God,
returned to their camp with joy, and reiolved to
attack their enemiet the very next day; on
which occation they tet their watch more care-
fully that night, leit any of the Jewa thould run
away from tnem without being discovered.^
6. However, neither did Eleazaronce think of
flying away, nor would he permit any one elte
to do to; but when he taw their wall burned
down by the fire, and could devite no other way
of escaping, or room for their farther courage,
and letting before their eyet what the RoUians
would do to them, their children, and their wives,
if they got them into their power, be consulted
about'having them all tlain. Now; at he judged
WARS or THE JEWS.
this to be tb* heit thing their could do in thaif pf'
sent cirouiniUBces, he gathered the most coura-
Ecoui ol bis compunioiii toprlhcr, and encouragad
them to take that course by a speech* which h»
made to them in the nianBcr follbwine: "Since we,
long ago, my generous frienili, reioTveil never to
be lervanls to the Romans.norlo any other than to
God hinisilf, wbo alone it the true and just Lord
of mankind, the time it now comethat obliges ut
to make that reiolution true in practice. And Ut -.
ui not at this time bring a reproa9b upon our-
I selves for self-contradiction, while we formerly
would not undergo slavery, though it were then
without danger, but must now. togatber with
slavery, chooie ittcb punisbneiits alsoras are in-
tolerable: I innn this upon the' supp^HtM that
the Romans once reduce us under. ^^Mpwer
while we are alive. We meft UtH^ "first
that revolted from them, and Hfctre^lSiljit that
fight against them; and I canittj£^4{'etwm it as
a favor that God hath gTante44f|l|^V# >* «till
in our power to die bravely, an^jfivi^te of free- -^
doni, which hath not been the cas^9fsofli«rs, who ;
were conquered unexpectedly,' It is very plain
that we shall be taken within ji day's time, but
it is still an eligibje thing tb jdie Jiftcr a gkiriout
manner, together with our dearest friends. Thi»
is what our enemies themselves cannot by any
means h»nder, although they be very desirout
to take us alive. Nor can we propose to our-
selves any more to fight them, awl beat them, ^t
had been proper indeed for us to have conjectur-
ed at the purposes of God much sooner, at the
very first, when we were to detirous of defend-
ing our liberties, and when we received such sore
treatment from one another, and worse treat-
ment from our enemiet, and to have been sensi-
ble tliat the same God, who had of old taken the
Jewish nation into bis favor, had now condemn-
ed them to destruction; for had he either con-
tinued favorable, or been but jn a lesser de-
gree, displeased with us, he bad not oyWooked
the destruction of so many men, or delivered hi»
most holy city to be burnt and demolished by Our
enemies. To be sure we weakly hoped to have
preserved ourselves, and ourselves alone, still in a
state of freedom, as if we had been guilty of no
sins ouriClves against God, nor been dartnert
with those of others: we also taught other men
to preserve their liberty- Wherelore, Consider
how God hath convinced us that our hope* were
in vain, by bringing such distress upon us in the
desperate state we are now in, and which is be-
yond all our expectations: for the nature of this
fortress, which was in itself unconquerable, hath
not proved ameansof our deliverance; and even
while we have still great abundance of food, and a
great quantity of arms and other necessaries more
than we want, we are openly deprived by God
himself of all hope of deliverance, for that fire
which was driven upon our enemies, did not of
its own accord turn back upon the wall which
we bad built: thit was the eSeCt of God's anger
against us for our manifold sins, which we have
been guilty of in a most insolent and extrava-
gant mannerwith regard to our own countrymen;
the punishmentt of which let us not receive from
the Romans, hut from God himself, as executed
by our own hands; for these will be more mode-
rate than the other. Let our wives die before
they are abused, and our children before they
have tatted of ilaveiy; and after we have slain
them, let us bestow that glorious benefit upon
one another mutually, and preserve ourselves in
freedom, as an excellent funeral monument for
us. But first, let ut destroy our money and the
fortress by fire; for I' am well assured that thit
* The speeches in this and the next seetbn, as intro-
daoed under the pofson uf this Eleazar, ato exceeding re-
arkablo, and an tfao nnhlftit subjeeti, Ihn riintBinpt of
the curious. It seems as if that philosophic lidy who sttr -
vived.ch. ix. net. 1. % remcmborod the subilance of these
diiirnuriiBa, as spnken byEleasar. aud so Jose^hus clothed
them ill his nwn words; at the lowest, they conlain tha
Jc wiiih notioiison these heads, as understood thenby oar Jo-
scpbus, and cannot bnt deserve a suitable regard from us.
would be a %nt
•ball not. be abl
ahall fail of oi
nothing but ou
testimonial wh<
subdued for wi
cording to our i
ferred death be
7. This was
did not the oii
•tee therein: l
veryxealous to
were in a mini
thought death
that were moi
their wive< am
were especiallj
own certain d<
•nother, and b
declared their
Eleaiar saw th
their Souls wer
posal, he was
Date persons i
tears enfeeble
courngeoiial^ ;
them, out stirn
per arguments
dertook to tpe
and that concc
' So he made a
eyes intently o
" Truly I was
lo be assisting
for their liber
either to live
find that you
than others ei
are afraid' of
thereby from
. ought to mat
•wait any one
laws of our c(
from ancient I
use our rcaso
forefathers ha
by their actioi
that it is life t
death ; for tlii
and tends thi
place of purit
of all sorts o
down to a mo
miseries; and
themselves de
to what is m
the power of
imprisoned i<
after a way tl
•ensible insli
farther in ita
otherwise do
that weight w
is connected
place, and do
blessed powe
every way in
operations.
eyes of men,
. it it not itsell
is there after
freed from it
which hath o
one also: but
that ia made
which the so
and from whi
. away and die
immortality.
as a most ev
death, and tlio dignity and immoitility of the soul ; and
lliat not only among the Jews, but among the -Indiana
thcDlselvei also, and art highly worthy the psiuial of all
■vbat I say;
not distract
pending on t
BOOK vn.-cHAP. vm.
wo«M tw a %rt1A grief lo the Roman*, that they
•ball not. be able to leiie u|ion uiir budivi, anil
ahali fail of our wraith aUn : and let u« (pare
nothing but our provialonii; for they will be a
tciliniooial when we are dend, that we were not
subdued for want of ncer(iariei, but that, aC"
cording to our original reiolution, we hav«nre<
ferred death before ilttvery/' N
7. Thit wai Kleaiar'i iipeech to them. Yet
did not the Opihions of all the auiliton acqui-
Mce thereip: out although lome of thrni Were
very .jealous to put hit advice in practice, and
were in a ui&nner filled with pleasure at it; and
thought death to be a good thing, yet had ihoiu
that were nio<t efTcniinate a coiiiiiiiai^mtinii for
their wive< and faniiliei; and when thric men
were especially itfoved by the prospjct cff tlii^ir
own certain death, they looked wistfully at one
•nother, and by the teara that were in tht^ireve*,
declared their diurnt from hii> opinion. W hiii
Eleaiar saw these people in «ucli frar, anil that
' their Souls were dejected at so prodigious a.pro-
posal, he was afraid Irst perhaps these cfl'enii-
DKte persons should by ttirir lanientations and
tears enfeeble those that heard what he had said
courageously; so he did not leave ofl' exhorting
them, Dut stirred up himself, and recollecting pro-
per arguments for raising their couriiKei he un-
dertook to speak more briskly aiid fully to them,
and that concerning the immortality of the soul.
' So h' made a lamentable groan, and fixing his
eyes intently on those that wept, he spoke thus:
"Truly I was greatly mistaken, when I thought
to be assisting tu brave niiti who struggled iiard
for their liberty, artd to such as were resolved
fither to live with honor, or else to die: but 1
find that you are such . people as arc no better
thkn otlieTS either in virtue or in courage, and
•re afraid' of dyng, though^ou be delivered
thereby from tRe greatest nnserips, while you
. ought to make no delay in this matter, nor to
•wait aoy one to fcWe you good advice; for the
laws of our couiK 1 1 , and of UxhI himself, have,
from ancient tinitn, :ind as soon as ever we rbuhl
use our reasdn, continually taught us, niid our
forefathers have corroborated the same doctrine
by their actions, and by their bravery of mind,
that it is life that is a calamity to men, and not
death ; for this last alfordB our souls their liberty,
and sends them by a removal into their own
place of purity, where they are to be insensible
of all sorts or misery; for while souls are tied
down to a mortal body, they are partakers of its
miseries; and really, to speak the truth, the^ are
themselves dead; fur the union of tvhat is diviiie,
to what is mortw is disagreeable. It is true,
the power of the soul is great, even when it is
imprisoned in a mortal body : fur by moving it
after a way that is invisible, it makes the body a
•ensible instrument, and cauiics It to advance
farther in its actions than mortal nature could
otherwise do. However, when it is freed frojii
that weight which draws itdotvn to the ejirth, and
is connected with it, it obtains its own proper
place, and does then become a partaker of that
blessed power, and those abilities which' are then
every way incapabtc of being hindered in their
operations. It (Atinues invisible, indeed, to the
eyes of men, as ciiies (iod himself; for certainly
it it not itself seen, while it la in the body, for it
it there after an invisible manner, and when it is
freed from it, it is stili not seen. It is this soul
Vffaich hath one nature, ^nd that an incurriiplible
one also: but yet is it the cause of the cnan<;e
that ia made in the body, for "whatsoever it be
which the soul touches, that lives and flourishes,
•nd from whatsoever it is removed, that withers
■way and dies; such a degree is there in it of
immortality. Let me produce the state of sleep
«« a most evident demonstration of the truth of
by (lieir alliance (o hint; they then go
where, and forilrll many futurities hefui
575
«ver»
urehind.
And why are we afraid of death, while we are
Kleaied with the rest we have In ticep? And
ow absurd a thing it it to pursue after liberty
while we are alive, and yet lo envy it to ourielvc*
where it will be eternalT We, thereforet who ,
have been brought up in a discipline of niir own.
ought to become an eiianiple to others of our
readiness to die. Yet, if we do stand in need of
foreignen to support u« in this matter, let ut re-
gar<l those Indians who profess the exercise of
phjlbtophv; for these good incn do but unwij'
iingly undergo the time of life and look upon it
as a necessary servitude, and make; luistc lo let
their toqli loose from their bodlet: nay, when
no misfortune prrssea them to it, nor drive's them
upon it, those lilfve such n desire of a life of im-.
mortality, that they tell other men liifort-hand
that they are about to depart; anil niiboily hin-
ders them, but every one thinks them biippy nien, :
and givi'S them letters to be carried to their fa-
miliar friends [that are dead,] so firmly niid cer-^
tainly do they believe that Siiuls conveme with
one another in the [other world.] So wlien these .
men have hi^ard all such coiniiiands that were to
be given thi-m, they deliver their body to the.
fire; and, in order to their gelling their snul •
separation from the body in the i;reatest |iiirity,
they die in the midst of nymns of rimiminilalion
made to them; for their dearest friinds loiidurt
them to their death more reiidlly thaii do any of
the rest of mankind conduct their fi'llow-i-i(ir.?'na
when they are going a very long jouriii v, nho at
the sahie time weep on tneir own account, but
look upon the others as happy iiersons, as so sooH
to be made partakers of the imiiiortal order of
beings. Are not wo, therefore, ashamed li> htive
lower notions than the Indiaiis? and by our own
cowardice to lay a base reproach up0i the laWs
of our coantry, which arc so much desired and
imitated by altnianklnd? But put the case th:il
we had been brought up under another ptrHUii-
sion, and taught ttiat life is the greatest good
which men are capable of,and that death is a ca-
lamity ; however, the circumstances we are now
in ought to be an inducement to us to bear such
calamity courageously, since it is by the will of
Uod,and by necessity, that we are to die; .for it '
now appeal's tl^it (iiid hath made such a decree
against the whole Jewish nation, that we are to
be deprived of this life which [he knew] we would
not make a due use of. For do not you ascribo
the: occasion of our present condition to your-
selves, nor think the Romans are the true occa-
sion that this war we have had with them is be-,
come so destrnctive toils all: these things hare
not come to pass by their power, but a more pow-
erful cause halh intervened, and made us afford
them an occasion of their appearing to be con-
querors over us. What Roman weapons, I pray
you, were those, by which the ]evi» of Caisare*
were slain? On the contrary, when they wertt
no way disposed to rebel, but were all the while
keeping their seventh day fostival, and did not
so much as lift up their hands against the citi-
zens of Ccesarea, yet did these citizens run upon
them in^groat crowds, and cut their throats,
aiid the throats of their wives and- children, and
this without any regard to. the Romans them-
selves; who never took us for their enemies till
we revolted froiii them. But some may be
ready to say, that tiiuly the people of C;eBarca
had always a quarrel against thosB that lived
among them ; and that when an opportunity offer-
ed itself they only satisfied the old rancor they
had against them. What then shall we say to
those of .Scythopolls, who ventured to wage
war with us on account of the f!roeks? Nor did
they doit by way of revenge il[)on the Roinani,
'•'"'J "" "■ ",T "".; "■ — '^•■"n-, vi ^
when they acted tn concert with ourcounltymcn.
Wherefore, you see how little our good-will and
fidelity to them profited us, while they were slain
■rliat i say; wherein souls, when the body does
not diitract them, have the sweetest rest de-
pending on Ibemse.vei, and cott'ersiiig with God,
r.76
WARS OF THE JEWS.
pl« (tur up after lO profane ■ manner, nut line*
Ht'liuil u gi'luroui hopo tl>nl <h'liii|p(l u», ai \t
w<t nii|;litt pcrliupn, Imva Ix-tu ulile tu HV<!nfie
ourtclvet on uur entuileton tliiit account, (liou|;h
it ln^ now beconi« vanil>, \fn<i hath lt;lt ua nlooe
ill lliit (littrt'ai, let un niuko haitc (u din brnyeljr.
Lit u> pitv bumt'lvct, our childrin, and our
wjve.f, Willie it \» in uur.uwn power to »hoi» piljr
to them; for we were liorn to die,+ as well ai
thote Wfre wlioin we liave begotleii; nor ia it in
the power of the iiio»t linppy of our race to avoid
it. uut for abuse) and alarery , iind tbu sight of
our wiveii led away after an ignoniiuiomtiniinner,
with their children, these are not such evils as
arc natural and necessary anionfrinen; although
such lit do not prefer ueath befurr those niisef
ries, when it is in their power so to do, must un-
dert;u evvn them on account of thtir own cow-
iii'du'e. We' revolted from the Romans with great
orrtensions to cournge; uiid when at the very
lii^t they invited us to preserve QurseJves, we •
would not comply with them. Who will not,
therefore, believe that they will certainly be in a
riige at us, in case they can take us alive? Mile- :
rablfc will llien be the younit men, who will be
strong enough in their bodies tonustain many
turmrnts; miserable also will be those of elder
years, who will not be able to bear those, calami-
tics which young' iiien might sustain. One man
will be obliged to hear the voice of his son im'
Cloriog help ot'^his falliir. When liift hnndr are
ouhd. Hutcrrtainlyourhands are still at liber-
ty, uiid have a sword' in tlieni; let them, then, be
subsarvient to us. in our glorious design; let us ^
die before we-beconie slaves under our encniiea, ;
and let us go out of the tvorld, together with our
children and our wives, in a state of freedom.
This it it that our laws coinnuind us to do; this
it is that biir wives and children crave at our
halloa; nay, God himself hath brought this ne-
cessity upon us; while tlie Konians desire the
contrary, arid are afraid list any t»f us should die
before we iiie taken. Let us, therefore, make
linstc, and, instead of ail'ording them so inuch
pleasure as they hope for in getting us under
tlitir powei', let us leave them au example which
shajl at once cause their ostoiiisbmcDt at our
(K'uti), and their admiration of our bardincM
therein."
CHAP. IX.
//ot» Ihe People Ihal were tii Ihe Forlres* wer*
prcvailedon hy the Wwds nfElcazar, two fVo-
men and Jive CliiiitrcH onlif excepltd, and tUl
snbmUlei to be kilUd hy one another.
i 1. Now, as Elcaiarwasproceedingon in this
exhortation, they all cut liiniofl- short, and made
ha«tc to do the work, as full of an unconquerable
ardor of mind, and moved with a, demoniacal
fury. So thfey went their ways, as one still en-
deavoring to be before another, and as thinking
that this eagornfess would be a demonstration of
their courage aiid good conduct if they could
avoid appearing in the Inst class; so great was
the zeal they were in to slay their wives, and
children, and themselves also. Nor indeed, when ,
they came to the work itself did their courage
fail them, as one might iuiagine it would have
done;.but they then held fast the same resolu-
tion without Wavering, which they badupoitthe.
hearing ofEleazar's soecch, while yet every Ode
of them still retaineij the natural passion of love
to themselves and 'their failiilles, because the
reasoning they weut upon appeared to them to
be very just, even with regurif to those that were
dearest to them; for theliusbands tenderly em-
braced their wives, and took tlieir children into
u ..o,^ «.. «. ".- - - I their arms, and gave the longest parting kisses
rlf ||inli«hrrl by the hiinds of I to them, with tears in their eyes. Yet at the
they and their whole families, after the most io-
buman manner, which was all the requital ttiiit
was made them for the assistance they had af-
forded the others; for that very same destruction
which they had prevented from fulling upon the
uthcri, did they suffer themselves from them, as
if they had,been ready to bo tlie actors against
them. It would be too lobg for ni« to speak at
this time of every destruction brought upon us;
for you cannot but know, that there was riot anv
one Syrian city which did not sla)r their Jewish
inhabitants, and were not more bitter enemies
to us than were the Romans themselves: naV,
even those of Damascus, when they were able
to allege no tolerable pretence against us, filled
their city with the most barbarous slaughters of
our people, and cut the throats of eighteen thou-
sand* Jews, wTth their wives and children. And
■s to the multitude of those that, were slain in
Egypt, and that with torments also, we have
. been informed they were more tban sixty thou-
tand: those itideed being in a foreign country,
•ad m naturally meeting with nothing to oppose
against their enemies, were killed in the manner
forenientioiied. As for all those of us who have
waged war against the Romans in bur own coun-
try, bad we not sufficient reason to have sure
hopes of victory? For we had arms, and walls,
and fortresses so prepared as not to be easily
taken, and courage not to be moved by any dan-
gers in the cause of liberty, which encouraged
us alt to revolt from the Romans. Uut then these
advantages suOiCed us biit for a short tiuie, and
only raised our hopes, while they really appear-
ed to be tile origin of oui^iuiseries; for all we had
hath been taken from us, and all hath liillcn un-
der our enemies, as if these advantages were only
to render their victory over us the more (jlori-
ous, and were not disposed for the preservation
of those by tyhom these preparations were uitide.
And as for those that are already dead in the war,
it is reasonable we should esteem them blessed,
for they are dead iu defending, and not in betray-
ing their libcily; but as to tlie multitude of ihost
•that are now under'the Romans, who would not
pity thei'r condition; and who would not make
Kaste to die before he would sufler the same iiii-
.scries with them? Some of them have been put
upon the rack, and tortured with fire and whiji-
- piags, and so died; some have been half devour-
edby wild beasts, and yet have been, reserved
alive tc be devoured by them a second time, in
order to aflbrd laughter and sport to our ene-
mies'; and siich of those as are alive still, arc to
be looked on as the tiiost miserable, who, being
80 desirous of death, could not come at it. And
where is now that great city, the metropolis of
the Jewish natiph? which was fortified by so
many walls muud about, which had so niany
fortresses ana large towers to defend it;' which
could hardly contain the instruments prepared
for the war, and which had so many ten thou-
■ eaudsof men to fight for it? Where is this city
that wai believed to have God himself inhabiting
therein? It is now demolished to the very foun-
dations, and hath nothing but that monument of
it preserved, I mean the camp of those that have
destroyed it, which still dwells upon its ruins;
some unfortunate old men also lie upoh the ashes
oir the temple, and a few women are there pre-
served alive by the enemy for our bitter shame
and reproach. Now, who is there that revolves
these things iii his mind, and yet is able to bear
the sight of the suit, though he might live out of
danger? Who is there so much his country's
enemy, or so unmanly, nnd so desirous of living,
as not to repent that he is still alive? and i can-
BOt but wish that we had all died before wehad
— t een th a t holy city
our enemies'or th'c foundations of our holy tem- | same time did they complete wUat they had re-
« Bee B. ii. ih. xx. met. S!, where the number of the i Ihe JewUh robbins : " W^^arO born that wo may die, and
tlain is but 10,IH)0. i die that wo may live." •
{ Koland hero sets down a parallel aiiliorism of one of "
■'• -v-
BOOK Vll.— CHAP. X.
877
toUtA on, SI if they hnd been < xecutnl Ijy tlie
liamit of itrtnueni !>»<• tW ''"*' ""thiiijc <bc
for tlitir comfort Imt lli« u.ii fKily ihty wtrc iii
of (loinif tills eieculioB, to avoid lliiit vro«|"<t
they had of the niltcrioi thty win toxodV r liciiii
Ihtlr t'ncmifd. Nop wii» ih. rr iil l.n|;lli ony "iin
of th<!ie iueii fouml that wpupltd to livt ihiir
iiart in thi* terriblr c^Kgati()n, but ivcry nw of
thtni (Icspntchtfd hii drarist rcliitioii!'. Misira-
blo men, indeed, were they I whine dintrics fiireed
them to »lay their own wives and chililrin »«ith
their own hand*, as the lightest of lho»e evils
that were before them. So they l"ing not able
to bear the grief they were under for what they
had done any longer, and i'»teeniing it an Injnry
to those they hild slain, to live even the »lioiie«t
•pace of time after Iheni, they presentK l.iid all
they had in a heap, nnd set fire to it. They tlun
chose ten men by lot out of them, to -iliiy all the
rest; every'ono of whom laid hinmlf clown by
his wife and children on the ground, and threw
his arms about them, and'they olTereil their necks
to the stroke of those who i>y lot executed that
nielancholy office: anil.When ihei-e ten had, with-
out fear, slain them all, they made the. same rule
"for casting lots for themnelvcs, that he whose lot
it was should first kill the oilier nine, and after
nil should kill himself. Accordiiii;ly, all thi!.,e
had. courage sulRcient to be no way behimi one
another in doing or suffering; so, forn coniliision,
the nine offeree) their necks to the executioner,
nnd he who was the Inst of all took a view of all
' the other bodies, lest perchance some or other
among so many that were slain shouUI want lirs
assistance to be quite despatched, niid when. he
perceived that they were all Bigin, he set fi*c t,Q,
the palace, and with the greatMVirce of his Immf
Tan his sword entirely through hiiii»elf, and M\-
down dead near to his own relations. So these
people died with this intrnlinn, that they would
leav* not so much* as one soul among them all
alivl to be subject to the Uonians. Yet was
there an ahcientwomaft, and another who was of
kin to F.leaiar, nnd superior to most women in
prudence and leaning, with five children, who
had concealed themselves in caverns" under
ground, and hnd carried water thitlirt- (or ihdr
drink, aiid were hidden there when tljejpgSt vfefe
intent upon the slaughter of one another.'' Those
others were niiic hundred and sixty in number,
the women and Children being withal included.
in that computation. This calamitous slaughter
was made on the'fiftoenth djiy of the month Xan-
thicus [Ni-san.]
2. Now fot the Romans, they expected that
they should be fought in the morning, when ac-
cordingly they put on their, armor, nnd "laid
bridges of plank upon their ladders from their
banks, to make an assault upon the fortress,
which they did; but saw nobody as an enemy,
but a terrible solitude on every side, _with a (ire
within the pince, as well as a perfect silence. So
they were at a loss to guess at what had hajipeh-
ed. At length they made a shout, as if it had
been at a blow given by the battering ram, to try
whether they could bring any «ne out that was
within: the Woiiicn' heard this noi^e, and came
out of their iindefgroiind cavern, jind informed
the Romans whathad been donie, as it was done ;
and the secjind of them clearly described alU
both what was said and what was (Lone, and the
manner of -it: yet did they not easily give their
attention to sttch a desperate undertakingj_and
did not believe it could be as they said; they also
attempted to put the (ire out, and quickly cutting
. .. themselves away throiig;h it, they came within
the palace, and so niet with the multitude of the
slain, but could take no pleasure in the fact
• Bmeo Josephus horn iiirorms us. that some of these
"" f l u f r om Al i' KanJria(wl ii rli w asi lielf
though it were done to theif enemies. Nor ronlij
they do other than wondi'r at the rournga of-
their riMiliilion, iihd the iiiiinovenblc Contempt
of death which no great a nnnihcr of Ihem had
shown, wl lliey went through with such ari ac-
tion as that was.
B i c a r ii o r l uffi n n n „^ --- .-
in Egy|)t, in a Inrt"- wnso) int<i Ksvpt niiil 'rhnlici, there
•ituatrd, Krln-1 w-P ■#-■''•■■= fr..m V„=iii. «hfit K»vut
•umitiin(.s denotes Proper or Ujipcr I.gyi>', as distinct
7j
X
CHAP. X.
Thai many nf tht Sicariifitd loMemnJritialto,
and what Jjunixtrs Ihty'wert in Ihtrt; nn whiek
account, that I'fmple, rrhich hndjitrmtrlii betH
built by (Mills the High frittl, uat lUitroyed,
} 1. Wlir.N Mnsucla was thus Inkin. the gertc.
ml left a garrisoii in the fortress to" keep it, ami
he hinisrll' wi lit toCiesttrea; for there Wire now
no eneniits left in the country, but i( was "til
overthrown by «<> long a war. Yetdiil this war
afford disturbanre» mid dangeronsdiiorilers even
in places, very far remote from Judea; for still it
ci^ie tojpiiss, that many Jews were sliiiii at Al-
exaiidriu.^ij4;'.gvpt; for as many of the Sii'iirii ni
were able to (ly thither, out of "the seililious wars
in Judea, were not content to have snvnl them- ••
■elves, but must needs be undertaking' to make
new di.'fiirbancis, nnd persuaded iiiiiny of those
that enti rtnined thciii to assert their libert)-, to
esteem the Konian» to be no better than Inem- •
selves, mid to look upon God as llnir only Lord
and Master. Hut when part of the Jews of re-
piitnlion opposed them, they slew some of them,
and with the others they were very pre«ing in
their exhorlalioiis to revolt from the l^pnians;
but when the principal men of the senate saw
whi^t madness they were come to, they tHought
it' no longer safe for themselves to overlook them.
So they got all thie Jews together to an assembly,
and accused the madness of the SicArtii and de-
monstrated that they had been the authors of all
the eviU that had come U|ionthein. They said
alsoi, that "these men, now they were run away
from Judea, h;iving no sure hope of escaping
because as soon as everthev shall be known, they
will he soon destroyed by tlie Romans, they come
hither nnd fill gs full of those calamities which be-
long to them, while we have not been partakers
with them in any of their »ins." Acconlihgly
they exhorted the qiultitude to have a care lest
they should be brought to destrnclirtn by their
means, and to make their apology to the Romans
for what had been done, by delivering these men
up to them; ivho being thus apprised of the
greatness of the danger thev were in, romplttd
with wl^t was proposed, nnd ran w'it|i great v"io-
lenee upon the Sicarii, and' seiied upon them;
and indeed six hundred of them were caught im-
mediately; but as to all those that (led into
Kgypf,»'Bnd to the Egyptian Thebes, it was not
long ere they were caught also, nnd brought
bacK, whose courage, or whether we ought to
Call it madness, or hardness in their opinions,
every body was amazed at. For when all sorts
of torments and vexations of their bodies that
could be devised were made use of to thein, they
could not get any one of them to coniiily so far
as to confess, or seem to confess, that Caesar Was
their lord ; bnt they prc*rved tlwir own opinion
in spite of all the distress they were brought to,
as if they received these torments and the fire
itself with bodies insensible of pain, and with a
soul that in a manner rj^oiccd under them. , But
what was most of all astonishing to the behold-
ers, wag the courage of the children; for no oM,
of these children was so far overcome by the.se
lorhicnts, as to name Ciesar for their lord:- so
far does the strength of the courage fof ihewulj
prevail' over the weakness of the body.
2. Now Lupus did then govern Alexandria, who
from Delta anil the lower parts near Palestine. Areord ,
Inglv. *IT 1*1^ qiMa, lliiiBft timt uny if niivpr mills ill Egypt
must mean llinPrniK-r or T'|i|ier EjypI, liecnuTO it does
mimoijini's rniii in tlie olhor nnrls. Pec tiie notes oa
Antin. U II cli. vii sect 7 , ami D ill cli i STCl 6.
2Z2 •
I:
1 ■■
P
/
It}
.^^^
■1
■.■4'
57ft
WARS OF THE JEWS.
nr«icntlj wnt Catinr word of M» coniniOti"".
who buying in »u»picion llv* "••'••«» l»iii|i«f o'
the /««!• Tor j^niiovaliuR, »»ml l)cinK «friii(i l«»t
iHfv »hould'g*t togelher Jigaiii, anJ. ycrtuailc
■oine otiierji lo'julii «»ith them, gave onl»r» to
I.uiim to ili'iiioliih lliiil Jrwi»h ttiiiple,* whi< ;li
wa* In tlin region calli'tl Onion, ami wan in
Kcyiit; which >»ai built, and- liacl it» denomina-
tion from the occatioh following: Oniai, the »on
of Sinion, one of the Jewish hifih ptUtU, flici
from \iitiSehin the king of Syria, when he made
war witti the Jtw», and came to AUiaudria; and
aa Ptolemy received him Very kindly on acconnl
i of hii hatred to Antiochua, lie amured him, that
^i( he wouhl comply with hin profioial, he would
bring ell thcJ»w««o hi» aaiii»tanre; and wlien
the king, agreed to do it to far an he wa» able, he
(li'tircd him to civc-him leave to build n temple
iomewhere in Egypt, ftnd to worahip God ac-
cording to the cuHtoms of hia own country; for
that the J^W* would then be lio niufh reainer to
fiirht B^inil Antiochus, who had laid w««te flic
temple at Jerusalem, and that they woulil thin
come to hiui with greater goud-wilf, and that by
granting them liberty of couBcience, very many
of- them would come over to liim. _,.
3. SoPtolemyc6mpliedwilhbi»propo«Bl«, anVl
gave him a place one hundred anil eighty fur-
longs distant from MeniphiB.f That Momua «a«
called the Nomosof Ileliopolis, where Onias built
a fiirtress and a temple, not like to that of J'ru-
snlciu, but luch an resembled n tower. He built
it of large stones, to the height of sixty cubits ;
he iuadethe structureof the altar in iiiiilatiuu of
that in our own countrj-, and in like maiiiier
adorned with gifts, excepting the make of the
candlettiek, for ho did not make a cumllcstick,
but had a [single] lamp haittniered out of a piece
of gold, which illuminated the place with its rays,
and which he hung by a. chain of gohl ; but the
entire temple. was encompassad with a wall of
' burnt brick, though it had gates of stone. The
■ king also gave liim a large country for a revenue
in money, that both flio priests miKUl have n
plentiful provision made for them, anil that God
might have great abundance of what things were
necessary for his worship. Yet did not Onias
do this out-of a sob«r disposition, but he had a
mind to contend with the Jew« at Jeriiealein,
' and could uot forget the indignation he had for
being banished thence. Aceordinglv he thought
that by building this teiople he should draw av\ay
a great number from them to himself. There had
been also a certain anciept prediction nude by [a
prophet] whose name was Isaiah, about six hun-
dred years before, that this temple should be
built by a man that vtas a Jew, in Egypt.} And
thi» is the history of the building of that temple.
.4. And now Lupus, the governor of Alexandria,
upon: the jeceipt of Ca:sar'a letter, came to the
tempic, and carried out of it some of thi> dona-
tions dedicated thereto, and shu« 'jp liie xempic to^his hopes; for
itself. And as Lupus die:> a little al'tcr»v«irrlT Kouic, and brought
Paulinu«L«ucceeH«d'iiim.' This man left none of
those donations there, and thpentened the priests
severely if they did not bring them all out; nor
did he permit any who ^ere desirous of worship-
ping God there, so much as to come near the
whole sacred place. But when he had shut up
the gates, he made it entirely inaccessible, inso-
hiuch that there remaned no longer the least
rootstppg of any divine worship that had been in
that jjhice. Now the duration- of the time from
. the building of this temple till it wi<s shut up
again, was three hundred and forty-three years.
'• or this temple of Onias's building in(teg.vpt, »eo tlio
iintoa un Antia. B. xiii. eh. iii. sect. 1. Bllt wlieroas it it
f laewhorc, both Of Iho War, B. i. cli. i. Met. 1, anil in the
*Aiitiiiailic« aa ni^ nuutcd, eaiil, that this tomiilc was like
: -I '■ _ . — i ^ ' _ 1 I I .I--. — :■ — '..- ii^« ti t tM f — l .n .
CHAP. XI.
Construing .fonnlhnn, uni of Iht Sicarii, Ihmf
liirriil up a Hedilion in C'yrent^ and wa$ afaU*
Accuier [qf the lnnoc(M.'\
} I. And now did the niiidiiea*.of the Sicarii,
like A iliwaae, riarh nafar lia the ritita of <;y-
rene;'for one Jonathan, a vile iieraun, and br
trade a weaver, (■(iiiie thither, and previiiled with
no small number of the poorer sort to give ear to
him; he alio led them into the ileaerl, U|ioii pro-
iniaing them t|jat lie would "how them «ign« and
appnritiona. And as for the other Jews of Cy
rene, he conceuled his kiinviry from them, and
put trick* uJMJn Iheni: but ihoae of the greateat
dignity among tliem informed f-'iitullua, the go-
vernor of the I.ib_\ an I'entiiporn. of hia march into
the desert, and oV the preparalion*' he had made
for \<. So he sent out nlier him both horscincn
and footmen, and eiinily onrrame them, because
they were unarmed men; of tliew ninny were
uliiin in the lighl, but aoiiie wire luken nllvA, aiid
brought to Cnlulhis. As for Jonathan, tjie head
of this plot, he lied away at this time, but upon «
great and very diligent ^larcli, which was made
over all the country for hlin, he was taken alio.
And when he was brouglit to Cutullua, he de-
vised' a wnv whcrihy he. both encuped punish-
ment hiniaelf, anil alVorded an occasion to Catullus
of dijjn;;' much misclilrf: for be fuUely Hccu.sed
tlie richiirt nien among the Jews, and aaid that
they had put him Upoii what he did.
2. Now Catullus eiisily admitted of the.sc his
ralumnics, and aggiavaled mnlteraigieativ, and
niiido tragical exclaniutwns, that he- uiii;ht also
be supposed to have had a hand in the fini>*hing
of the Jewish »*. Hut what was still harder,
he did not only give a too easy belief to b>l
stories, but he taught the. Sicarii to accuse men
falstlv. He bade this Jonathan, therefore, to
name'onc .\lexaiidcr a Jew, (ifitli' whom ho had
formerlv had a quorrel, aiuF oiienly profeased
that he'hatcd hiin;) he liUo got him to name his
wife Heriiicc, as concerned witli. him. These
two Catullus ordered to be slain in the Aral
place; nay, after them he caused all the rich
and wealthy Jews to be slain, being no ffewcr in
all than three thousand. This he thought he
might do safely, because he confiscated their ef-
fects, and added thcni to Ciesar'a revenues.
. 3. Nay, indeed, lest any Jews that lived die- .
where sliould convict him of lii» villany, ho ex-
tended his f(ilso accusations further, and persua-
ded Jonatlian, and certain others that were
caught with him, to bring an accusation of at-
tlmpta for innovation against the Jews that were
of the best character both at Alexandria and at
Ronie. One of these, against whom this trea-
cherous accusation whs laid, was Joscphiu, the
\yriter of these books. However, this plot, thus
contrived by Catullus, did not succeed according
1. ■ fu^ though he came himself to
Jonathan and his companions
to that at Jet iisuJcm, niiil hero that it wui nm lika ii, bui
likr. a towcf , sect. 3, tliere is somo reamm to auRpect tho
reading; here, lAvl tlmt oithnr thp nppitive particle ia hero
to h« blottod libt, or tho wurd entiretii added,
t We laiut lAacrvc, thkt Joscphus hortapcoks of Anti-
along with him in bonds, and thought he should
have had no further inipiisitiou nMido as to thoie
lies that were forged under his government, or
by his means, yet did Vespasian suspect the mat-
ter, and made an inquiry how ,far it was true.
And when he understood that the accusation laid
against the Jews was an unjust one,- ho Cleared
them of the crimes charged upon them, and this,
on account of Titus's concern about the matter,
and brought a deserved punishment upon Jona-
than; for he was first tormented, aai then burnt
alivBi
ochns, who profknod the tempic, as now alive, when Ontas
had leave, given him bv Phildipetcr to build hia tem|de;
whercaa it acema not to hove bi!cn actually bnilt till about
filtwn years afterward. Yljl bet-auac it is aoid in the A».
. iijuitifa, that Oi i iaa w enttePhil i m i et c r.'B. xii.ch. ix .ao c ,
7, duriiiif Iho lifetimo of that Anliorluiii, ^t ia probabln hs
politioned, ond, p<Thiipa<ihlnineiI hia lenVe then, though
It wero not actually built or finialied till fifiecu yoBia «•
wrward. J Ihu xix. 1&-133.
4. But ■« to
Senile to hlni, tl
•inflation at ll
fure h^ fell into
bic distemper, •
only efflicled In
mind was more
lor ha was ten
cried oui, "Tl
whom he had ala
upon he was not
ad out of hia b
were brought U
still • great de
■nd hii very em
Fl
4 1. I BUPPO
tiquities of the
tua,f I have nia
them, that our
tinuity, and ha
originally! as t
we came to inh
live. These A
five thousand y
cred books, bi
Greek tongue,
siderahle nuuil:
proaches that
bear ill-will tr
have written ci
tion, while the
ikation is of a 1
much as vouch
famous histori
therefore have
ti jn to write i
jects, in order
of spite and v
the ignorance
all those who
of what greai
the witnesses i
of what I say
ed to.be of till
the most skilfu
by the Greeki
• Thia drat bi
againat Apion, a
agiinat Winsti Gi
Josi'pliua'a lurmi
the Jewish inuii
in narticular ugu
aha Lyaimacliua
and uaoiul \t6uUf
ruaol of tliia and
scema to him a n
brew, vbo hudli
Itarninj,', aliould
titnonieaout uf|
the Grecian lilir
liiatiicd Jew, \
booka ao excelloi
we learn from hi
seen. Aa to the
books were wri
,able to determii
written some tii
A. D. 93, whirb
i l ' xik cii
to b e u v e i
directly iiilcndc
what he had adi
/ '■
rOC)K VII.— CHAP. XI.
571»
jth
4. But ■« to Calullui, the \cinpi^rari wcro io
rvnlle Io liini, that he umlorwfpt lia Mvi-rtr con-
(IciiiiiaHun »t thii time', yet wqi it not lonf; bo-
rum hf fvl) into B coniplicnli:iiaAii aliiiott incura-
ble ilntKinper, unci died iniier»blr. Il" »»»• not
only afflicted in body, but the «fi»t«'ni|M'T lii hit
mind w»i more hfnvy upon liiui l}«»n tlm otber;
lor ha wai terribly (littiirbtil, mill continuiilly
<ricd oui, "That ho Haw the |{''V*'* "f tbo««
whom he had tlaih »tnii<ling before btiii." Where-
upon he wae not able Jo contain himnVir, but leap-
ed out of hit bed, ai if both lornu'^iti and fire
iffra brought to him. Thii hii <li*t«>in|H>r pfrcw
ttill a peiit dea w'one and wonc cbutinually,
and hii very enlrnili were »a corrodcd^that they
fell out of hit bo<ljr, and in (hat e^ndjlion he died.
Thui he becHiiia at (^reiit an in«l«nre of Divina
I>ro«idenr« ai ever wai, and deiuunf(f*ted that
UihI puniihet wicked men.
6. And hire we ihall put;an end tn Ihli our .
history I whiroin we foritwrly prOniilnl to da- '
iivrr the lanie with all nrcurary, (o inch a*
•hiiuld be ilr<irou« of uiiderttandinp; after what
manner Una war of the lioniaui with tlio Jew*
wat AtannKcd. Of which bittory, how Ruod the
ilyle ii, inu«t be- left to the determinalion of the
rruderi; but aa for the agreement with thn fucti, '
I (hall not acruple to My, and that boldly, that
Irutl^ hath bein what I have alone aimed at
through it* entire com|ioiition.
AJVTIQUITY OF THE JEWS,
H
■J^-
FLAVJUS JOSEPPUS AGAINST APION.*
■■■■■:•■ ■■■
BOOK I.
\ 1. I SUPPOSE tlmt by my bOok» of tho An- j
tiquitiei of the Jewa, moat excellent Kpapiirody |
tus,f I have maile it evident to thoae that peruse ;
thiin, that our Jewiah nation U of very Rritnt anA •
tinuity, and had n dinlinct s(ib»istenrt^ "f il» own '
originally! as also, I have therein dcclHred, how i
we came to inhabit thia country wherein wc now ,
live. Tlicsc Antiquities conta'in the history of j
five thousand years, and arc taJten out of our aa- j
cred booka, but arc trniislHted by hie jiito the ^
Greek tongue. However, aince I olncrvo a con- |
sidernhic number of .people giving^ ear to the re- ,
nroachea that are laid ngninat u« by those who •
bear ill-will to us, and will not believe what 1 ;
have written concerning the Antiquity of our na- ,
tion, while they take it for a pliiiii sign that our ;
hation h of a late date, because they are not so
much as vouchsafed a bare mention bv the most r
famous historiographers oniony the Orecians; 1 ,
therefore have thought Uiyselt under an obliga- j
ti jn to write soincHliiit brielly about these sub- ^
jects, in order Io convict those that reproach us,
of spite and Voluntary fnlsrhood, and to cori-cct j
the ignorance of others, and wilhiil to instruct
all those who arc desirous of knowing the truth,
of what great antiquitv we really arc. As for
the witnesses whom I sfinll produce for the proof
of what I say, they shall bq such as are ejleem- |
ed tobe of the (freatest repiitiitioYi for truth, and
the most skilful in Ij^c knowledge of nil nnticpiily,
by the Greeks themselves. 1 will also show, :
• ThU flrst book baa a wronj; tillo. U ia not written
against A pion, aa is the firnt luirlof the ri'conil hook, but
agsinst tliontl Greeks Ju |j<-'<i>'r>il who woulil not bclicyo
Jo3<*|iliuH'fl formor ancouiilK of tim very aiirii<iit slato of
the Jewish miliun, in hisXX llooks uf Anlii|uitiVs ; and
in particular a;;uini!t A;;iit)iiircliidcs, Maiictho, Clicn'mon,
aha Lysiniftchufl. It is one of the most l(?uriio(t,cxnftIeMt,
' and uinfulliouksor nil antiiniily; and ujion Jt't-om's jn'-
rusal of tliis and tliu fullou'in^' liijoks.liodwlures, that "it
•cunulohiina luifiirulu^is t hia^, hiiw oiie llidtwasa He-
brew, who liadljaiui fniin liis infancy instructed in aacriid
karning, sliouldV aldf to produce such n uumbor of tea-
tiuionieanutorprofoni- uuiliorH, as if ho !iad read overall
the Grecian lihrarieii." fipi»i. :M, ad mURuum. And tlio
learned Jew. Motiussuhliirn-Isrncl, esteemed these, two
books so exccllenl, as tu liauKlati!' thein into Hebrew: this
we learn from his own coluIoRneof liis works whieh I have
aeon. As |6 llio time ond uliii:e wlieii and where these two
books were written, the lenrned have not liitlicrlo been
.able to determine Ihem, any furtlier llian thai they were
written some iiino after )iis Antiquities, or some time after
A. D. 93, which, indeed, in tuoohvions at their entrance
lob e o v e i l'j < jk rd eve n l ) V a^ i t r e ' n ' . ^ .
directly intended asniiist Hm«.^ ihul would not believe
what he had advanced in those hoot s concerning ih^ great
that Ihoti- who have written to reprouchrully
and fniaely about us, are to be convicted liy what
they have written themselves to Ihe conlruiy. I
shall also eiicleavor to give an account of the
reasons why it hulh so hnppincd, that there
jiave not been a great numUt'r of lire.e1<» who
linvc made mention of our nation iu Iheir histo-,.
i; ( will, however, bring those Grcciiuis to
iglit, who have iiot omitted such our history , for
iVc sake of those that either do not know them,
reteiid not to know liieni ulready.
AikI now, in thi! first pluce,"i cannot but
griiatly wonder at those men, who suppose that
woAmust attemi to none but (irociuns, when no
arcViiiquiriiig about the most ancient fuels, Jiid
muni infonu ourselves of their truth from tm'm
oniyi while wo mntt not believe ourselves nor
olIieA men; for I am convinced, that the verjf
rever^ is the trdth of the case: I mean this, if
we win not be led by ^ aiii opinions, but will iiiaku
inquirA after truth" from tacts theniHelvcs; for
they will find, that almost all which concerns the
Greeks
say, is _ ^ , ,
ing of llw'ir cities, the inventions of their aria,
rind the description of tlieir Inws; and as fot
tlieir cnre\at)out llTe writing d()wn of their histo-
ries, it is Ary near the last thing they set about.
However, tliey uckiiowledge themselves so far,
that they liero the Kgyptiuji!, tlu: .CliuliUane,
and the rii<iiiicinns, (for I will not now reckon
niitiquityoflliJl Jewish nation. Aa to thn place, tliBy all
inmj,''™l''St ''('"*' '*'" I**"*" "<•'"' writ Ion ivhoro the.
former wen;, I lUenil Hi Rome ; dlid I eonfen,. that I my-
self lielieveil both these delerniiiiations i ill f came to finiflr
my notes upon tlit'so hooks, wlinf i met with plain iiidift-
tions that tliev wire written not at Uome, but in Judea,
un(i thisafler'tlM' third venr oi'Trii.jnip, or A, I>. 101).
t Take Dr. IludionV noli' Iwre, which, us it justly con-
irndiets tho coinmuiiopiiipi ihiifJoiu-jihuseillierdied un-
der IXmiitian, or at Ij.ttsrtfcroio nuthiii); Inlerthun his
days, BO docs it jiorfeetly asreo to my own determination,
from Just OS of TilKTias, thai lie wrote or fmishcd hi»o>vii
life afler the ndof 'J'rajnii, or A. !•- lUO, to which Nold us
ar«j a;;toes, d« llerod. Vo. ;IKI. | Epafhroditua.] " Sieco
I Fhiviut JoBophus," says Dr. lludwni, '■ wrote for finished.)
I his iMioksof Aiiliquiiiiis on tlin 13lh of Uomitian, [A. D.
I IKI,] and alter that wrote the memoirs of hia own lifuotan
appendix to the iKJokaof Antiquiiies, and at last his two
booka airainst Apiun, an^l yet dedie aled all these wriliiija
tu ^papkroditUH, he eanliardlybe that Epaphrodiiuswlio
'was formerly secretary ll» Nero, and was slain oiithe Hih
[or ISth) ofDomitian. afo^r he had been for a yoyd wjiilo
in hnniriimnnt liiif iinnilicr l-.h-inhroilitiis, n free innn and
Ic s. < iM'ruser ; they U. 'i ng I in hani B hmeiil , hi i t ii n o l li iMr lipinhriu l ilns , n free inan
I procurator (if Trujan, as siyS Urolius ou Luke i. X"
h-
aeo
FLAVIU8 J0SEPHU8
oara«l>rt •niai«K Ih"!",) lh«t hii*e prrwrvril
tlis niciitorinU of iNn niu>t unciinl uml mott
Utting Innlllioni uf iiiniikinil; for •liiinit «ll
th«u nntiiiiK fnhkhit iiirh coiintriM u arc
Irtit luhject lo ilritruclioil rriim (he world Hbout
thffti: ami (hene »l»o tiavn In^n'ii rtprdal e»n
to h»ve ntilliiiiK oniitti'd of what wiii [H'lnark-
■hly] dorw' a ng thmi, Iml their hiiinrv wa«
tilt'i'iiii'il iHircd, and put iutf) public tablai, u
wrilirn by iiifn of the grcHliit wiidoni thfy
had amoMK tlirni. Kiit ai for Ihn plHCv whrro
the (irrclnim inhabit, ten thoiiiund dtatrurtioni
have nverlakt-n it, and lilotlfd out the memory
of former artioiit; no that they wero r ver be([in-
niiig a hew way of living, and luj>poied that every
^onu of th<iii VvBi the origin of lliirr new iitate.
It waa alio late, and with dillirulty. that they
came to know lla- li tleri ihiy now u»e; for thoic
that would ndvunre their uiu of lhc»« teltart to
the grtattnt aotilMiity, prejend that they learned
them from the PliiiiAieians and from Cudniut;
yet it nobody idjlc todemuniitrut« that Ihry have
jny writing prmerved from that time, neither In
ipl««, noi
Accordingly Ihry eonful* on* anothtr in liicir
own bouka lo pur|M>««, and are not athamcd to
give UK the moit contradictory arcounti of t|i«
•amo Ihinga: and I ahould iprmi my lime lo lit-
tle purpone, if I •hr>iild pretend to teach Ihe
(ireeka that which they know better Ihvn I al-
really, what ■ great diaagreemcflt there ia be-
tween Hellanicua and Acuailaua about their gr-
ncaloglea: in how many caari Aruailaui cor.
rectn lieaiod j or after what manner Kphorua dft'
monatratea Hflliinicua to have told liei in the
grcHteal part of hia hiatory ; ai doei Timcua in
' e manner na lo Kphorua, and the aucccedinc
iten do to ThiM'Ua, and all the latter wrH
thoac lived who'went to the Trcijau war, ao hiany
yenra aflerwiird, i» in grt'iit iloulit, and great
their tempUa, nor in any other public nionu
menta. Ihia aiipeara, hecDuae the time when
• • - e Trcyi
^ •t'llt i(o
incpiiry la made, whether' the (ireeka uaed iheir
.ictlera »t that time; and the moat prevailing
opinion, aiid that neareat the truth, ia, that Iho
present wiiy of using thoae lettera win unknown
at tluit lime. However, there ia not any writing
which the (ireeka agree Jo be genuine among
them ancienter than llonier'a poems,* who muat
plainly be confeaae<l later than the aiegeof Troyi
nay, tnc report goes, that even he did not leave
tlie poenu in writing, but that their memory wo«
preaerved in aonga, and thev were put together
afterward, and that thii ia the renaon of auch n
number of varialiont aa are found in them. Aa
for thoae who aet themaelvcii about writing Iheir
hiatoriea, I niealif such as Cadmus of Miletus,
■nd AcuailauB.of Argoa.and any others that niny
be mentioned aa Buicceding Acusilaus, thj-y lived
but a little while before the Persian expedition
into (Greece, but then for thoae that first in-
troduced philosophy, and the consideration of
things celeatiul and divine omong thcni, such as
Phcrecydcs the Syrian, and I'ythagorasj and
Thales, all with one consent agree, that they
learned what they knew of the Kgyptiani/«ml
Chaldeans, and wrote but liltle. And theafe are
the thing;! which are supposed to be the ojfleatof
■II among the Greeks; and' they have nmch ado
to believe that tbo writings asci-ibed tO/those men
•r^genuine. ^ /
3. How can it then be oth^ th^ an absurd
thing for the Urreks to be so pcaud, and to vaunt
themselves to be the Only peo|rte that arc ac-
quainted with antiquity, and that have delivered
uie true accounts of those early times after an
VCCurate manner! Nay, whor is there that can-
not easily gather from theyCireek writers them-
selves, tliat they knew bilt little on any good
foundation when they set to write, but rather
wrote their histories iroiii their own conjectures?
♦ This prt'servtttiiin
Hot by hia own writin);'
■ wen- Vityli'il rhapioilii
of Hnnier'a poems by memory, and
loni down, and tliat tlicncn ihey
ca Kun^' tiy him, lilfe builad!), by
tci-adato Herodotna;f nor could 'Ilmcua "Krc*
with Antiochua and I'hilialiua, or with Callias
about the Sicilian biatory, no more than do the
several writers of the Atthidn! follow one an-
other about the Athenian afl'atrs; nor do the his-
torians the like that wrote the A rgolics, about thn
alfairs of the Argives. And now what need I
say any more about particular cities and smaller
placea, while in (h« most approved writers uf the
expedition of Ihe Persians, and of Ihe actions
which Were therein performed, there are so great
difl'erencesT JVny, Thucydides-himself ia accu«e<l
by some n* writing what is lida^. although he
arenia In have given us the cxacTeat hialory <>(
the all'airs of hit own time.
' 4. As for the occasion of so great a disagree-
ment of Iheira, there may be asaigned many Itint
are very probtdilc, if any have a mind to niaki
an inquiry about them; but I nacribe Iheae con-
tradictiona chielly to IVvo caui-es, which I will
now mention, and still thhik what I aholl mention
in the Arat place to be the principal of all. For
if we remember, that in IhebeKinning the(>reekk.
had taken no care to have public records of their
several transactions preserved, this must for cer-
tain have affordecl those that would afterward
write about those ancient transactions, tho op-
partunily of niakinfL mistakes, and the power ol
making lies also; (ok. tttia original recording of
such ancient transaclipns huth not only been
neglected by the other States of Greece, but even j
aniong the Atheattui's themselves also, who pre
tend to be Aborigines, and to have applied them
selves to learning, there are no such records ex
Jant; nay, they;^ say themselves Ihat the laws of
Draco concerning miirders, which arc now ex
taut in writing, are the most ancient of their pub-
lic records; which Draco yet lived biit a tittle
htsCart the tyrant risistratui-t For as to the
.Arcadians, who make auch boasts of their an-
tiquity, what need I speak of them in particu-
lar, since it was still later before they got their
letters, and learned them, ait^ that with difficulty
also?
. 5. There must, tha^fore, naturally arise great
^ifl'erences among wnltr*, wlien tliey had no
original records to lay for their foundotlon, which
might at once inform those who had an inclina-
tion to learn, and contradict those that would tell
liesi However, we are to suppose a »eeomL.oc
casion, besides the former, of these contradic-
tions; it is this: that thoae who were the most
Xenophnn, thn mom occuralc hiatorian in thedurs ofC)-
rua, impliva, Ihat Hcrcidatua'a accuunts uflhat f(r«ul man
ate almuat cnlitrly romantic. See tho note on Antii|."IJ, xi.
parla, anil not comiKwcd and coiinreiod inijother in cum'- I rh. il.acct. l.and'llutchinaon'a Prolegomena lohi«iMlili<in
plotc works, arc <)|iiniuna woH known from the ancient I of Xi-nophoir; Kujiou II».Jii«, that we have already seen
cbramcntatnra ; thnuKh sunn suppoaiil seems to my«'M', as
•well Da to Faliririiu, Kililii.th. «ra>r. 1. p. 'XX>, ond to
olhcrs, highly impnibiiblc. Nor docH JoBfpliua say there
were iioaniMenter writiii(ra»«nMin(» Ijie (Jri'iika than llo-
nerVi pucma, but that ihoy did not fully own any ancienter
writinf^a prelendinR to auch antiquity, which ia true,
.f It wclldescrvcfl to be cimaidered, that Jownhus here
' •aya.Jiow all tho followins Greek liisloriana looked on
HnrrMlniiiaaa a fjiliiiLiiiii aulhnr. and prnaenilv. sect. 14.
in the note on Antiq. B. viii. chap. x. aect. 3, how very '
llttln Ili'rndutua knew ulmut the Ji^wiiih aflaira and coun-
try, and that ha Rreatlv afliclcd wfiiif wo nail Ihe marrrl-
Imu, aa Monsieur Rullln liaa lately and justly determined ;
whence we are not always to depend on the authority of
Herodotua, tvhcro it ia :umnpportcd by other evidence,
but ouKht to compare the other evidcneo with hia, and, if
it preponderate, to prefttr it before hia. 1 do nut mean
hv this ihtttHerodnlua wilfully related what lip believed
to be falao (naC'trsiaa aeetns tn have dune,) but that lie
■iaftcn ivonled evidence, and somelimca preferred what
was ninrjelluuB to what wna b<>«t attcaled aa really trne.
) About the days orCyrun and Daniel. '
Miloin to writ
the discovery ol
fur them alway
tliair business w
write well, and
kind thereliy;
they tliuughl tl
to that did th
thciu betook th
loua niirraliuni
please Ihe citici
coiumeiidation;
faults with tram
transactiona, »i
bv to doing. /
ibiiigH tliemoKl
the great cliaru
corned therein
thinga; while
about the »aiii<
lieved to write
We, therefore,
Grecian writer
composition; h
preference us
and least of all
■flairs uf our s<
6. At tu the
from the earlie
■od liabyloniii
therewitn, and
ahuiit it; that
that did to ■
the Phoenician
Ureelti, did es
both for the ci
delivering dow
tions, I think 1
men allow it ti
(iitheri, that tl
inch records, (
care than the
coniinilted tba
to their prop
been written
with the utiuo
bold for me
written hereal
form you.
7. For our f
beat of these
upon the divii
beginning, bu
the priests ah
for be who ii
Diagate of i
ng any re
. nities: but he
wife's genealc
cure many wi
tice not only
of men of oui
exact catalof!
kepi; I mean
other place c
whithcrsoeve
• It is hero
tons are that r
phua, and iiihe
many learned (
been ehroiioliiji;
and nut iliiiiga
. the real cuuU'ii
tlie iriUHt accui
depended on in
r who wrote the
ill their eiprcvH
in com|iariauii
find Krcat delia
or Thueydido ri
how Manutho, that most nuthonlic writer of tho Egyiitinn
kiatnrv, Rreotlv ooniplaiia uf hia mi»lnke« in the Egyp-
tian aflairs ; as also llint Stralm, B. xi, p. 507, the most no-
eurato geographer Qod historian, eateemod. him aucli: that
Attic wuya of
value of each c
more momeiii i
ijatoca oi He
AOAINHT AFIDN -IKKlK T.
bSl
Miloin to write biynry wrrii nut •ul<t:ituui fur
fur tlit'ni alwH)'* l<> inakti iMcli a |>rur«wioii; but
their butincM wm to (Iciitimkli'ittti tliut tliry cuulil
writ* Wdll. «ail niKkii an iiii|ir<!Miun u|iiiii man-
kind thurcl^i anil in wliat manner uf writiMK
ttiey tliuuEhl tli«jr wrrii alilx to cii:«<'tl ulliiiri,
»o that Jul lh«y "Pply tht-nmUei. Sonir ol'
thciu batoolt thruiarkt't to tliv writiuK ol I'ubu-
luut nibrralionii •oniu ul' thmi cndravornl to
pl««M th« cilict ur the kinn, by wrilini; in their
cuniHicaJation ; ulhrn of tlirni Mi to liiiclinK
raulltwilh tranmictiona.orwilh th« writtuol auch
traniBCtiona, mid thought lu uiakv n K^r'^t lijrurr
bv wxloiji);. Anil indivil thran ilii what ii til all
tuiiiga iIm iuokI I'onti'ury to truii hmlurv ; fur it in
tlivKreut chaructrr of true hiittory, that all om-
roruvd thcniu both ipt'uk Hixl writii Ihr •»■>■*'
IhinK*; whilr lliKK' men by writiiiK ililtrrvnlly
about the •aiiiv thiiiK*. think thry ahull bti be*
lieved to write with t(ie ((rvntiiat rtigaril to truth.
We, therefore, [who nr43 Jiiva,) inuat yiuld to thr
Grecian tvritera m* to lanf^uaKR nnd clnquencn nf
coiu|ioaition ; but thin wi- ahall ^ivi^ thnii no auch
preference hi to the verity ul ancient hiatorv,
and luaal a( nil aa to that part whicli conccrna thii
affairi uf our aeveral cuuntrica.
6. Ai to the care of writing down the refordi
from the rarlieat antiquity anions the KKyptinha
and Uabyloniiina; that the prirata were iiiirnair.il
therewith, and I'liiployed a philoaophinal cuncerii
a^ubt it; that they were the (^halilenn pritali
that did ao anionic the Kabyloniima, und that
the I'hoeniciana, who were n'ingled anionjc the
UreeUi, did ca|iecially make uae of their )Hli-rt
both for the coiiiiuon ulfiiira of 4ife, and fur the
delivering down the hialory of common Iraniac-
tiont, I think I may omit any proof, brcauae all
men allow it ao to be. But now aa to irir fore-
fittheri, that they took.no less care about writing
such records, (for I will not say they took greater
care than the others 1 spoke of,) and that they
committed thnt matter to their high priests and
to their pruphuts, and that these records have
been written all along doWn to our own times
with the utmost >ceurnryi nay, if it be not too
bold for nic to sny it, our history will be so
written hei-eaftcr.—I shall endeavor briefly to in-
form you.
7. For our forefathers did not onlv appoint the
best of these priests, and those that attended
upon the divine worship, for thnt design from the
beginning, but made provision that the stuck ol
the priests should continue unniixud and pure;
for be who is partaker of the priesthood must
Dmgate of a wife of the same nation, without
ng any regard to money, or any other di|{-
nities: but he is to make a scrutiny, and lake bis
*' wife's genealogy from the lincient tables, and pro-
cure many witnesses to it.f Arid this is oiir prac-
tice not only in Judea, but wheresoever any body
of men of our nation do live;. ami even there on
exact catHlogne of our priests' inarriu^ea is
kept; I mean at Kgypt and at Babylon, or many
other place of the nst of the habitable earth,
whithersoever our priests are scattered; for they
* It is hero well wurth our nliscrvalibn, what thit rea-
sons are that Hurh uiicieiit aulhors as Iliiodolns, Jcmn-
phus, anil olhorK, havn lioiMi ri'iid Ii)_fl(f1iitli) purpuan liy
maay IcariMMl crilirn, viz. tliiit tlTWr inuin_^aini has not
been chroiiolojty or hintiiry, hut philola^'y, to know wiirdj
and not ihiiigs, limy iiol iiioili eiiliriiix ul'umt iintH iiiiu
the real cqutuiilH of ihuir nulluirii.uiid judKiiiC wliicli were
tlie niost 'acciiriilc ilJsriiviriTS of truth, aiidinmt to bo
dorn'nded on in llicif Ki'vctuI bisiotioa. hut rnliior hiiiuirinu
f who wrotn the 'incst stylo anil lind Ih*' (irc-iHPni ob'eanco
ia their cipres^iolis. whlrh arc tliinira of sinall.eonsciiunnce
in compariaoii of tlio ollinr. Thiin, you will apini^timi's
find Rrcot dnliali'S e»ioii;r llie leurniiH, wliellior liurodotua
M Tlimivdiduj win- Ihi- limit iiislOriiiiiHln tin- lonii! ami
•rnil to Ji rusah'ui the (iirleul ntin** of thair
parents i^i writing, as well as those of their n^
nioler aiieestora, and signify who are the wlt-
iieaafs aUo. But if any wur falls outi aurh u
have fallen out ■ great many of llirm alreail/i
when Aiitiochua F.piphaiirs made an inyaaioa
uiKm our t.olintry, aa also when I'limpt'T Ibe
lireat and (iuinlilius Varus did so also, and prio-
eipally in the wars that have kanpcnvd in uur
own times; Ihuiv priests that survive Iheui ruiu-
pose new tables uf genealogy out of the old n-
eorda, ami esaininu the i ircuiiialancea of tha
women thnt remain ; for still thiy do not aduiil
of llioaa that have Wen ea|itiv«s, as auapm^tinf
that they had Ronveraution With some lureinnrrt.
Hut what is the struiiKeat argument uf our i sact
miuingement in this matter is what I uin now
going to say. That we have the names of our
high priests Iruiu father to sou set ilown in our
records, for the intertnl vl' two thousand jeuia;
and if any of these have b<eii tranagreaaor* ui
these rules, they are profiibileil to present them-
selves at the altar, or lit be |MirtHkers ul any ulhcr
of our purilications: ai.il this is justly, or nitlieT
neceasurily done, biiauai- cvtfry one ia not per-
mitted of his own acrord to be a writer, nor is
there any disagr«emeiit in what is wrilti^n; they
being only prophets that have writteii the orl-
ginar and earliest accounts of things, as they
learned them of liod himself by inspiration; and
others iiuve written what iialh liappened in their
own time, and that iii n very distinet maimer also
B. tor we have not an innumerable inultituda
of books aniuug us, disagrceiuK from and eoutnt.
dieting one another, fas the (Jreeks have,) but
only twenty-two books,) which contain the re-
cords of all the past times, which are justly be-
lieved to be divine. And of tbeiu, liveVlong |o
Alosea, which contain his laws ami the traditions
ol' the origin of mankind till his death. This io-
terval of time was little short of three thousand
years; but as to the time from the death of Mp^
se* till the reign of Artaxerxes, king of Fenii,
who reigned after Xerxes; the propheU, who
were after Mosci, wrote down what was done in.
their timet io thirteen books. The remaining
four books contain' bvnins to Uod, and precept*
fq^r the conduct of buinan life. 'It. it true, our
hittory hath been written since^Artaxerxet
very particularly, but hath not been ctteenicd of
the like authority, with the former by our forefa-
tlicn, because there hath not been an exact tuc-
cessionof prophijts'since that time: and how firiti-
ly we have giv«n credit to these books of our owB
iiiition, iseyideiit bv.what we do: fur during to
iiiiiny ages as have Uready passed, no one bath
been so bold as either to add any thing to them,
to take aiiy thing from iheiu, or tu uiuke auv
change in them; but it is become natural to all
Jews, immediately and, from their very birth, to
eslceni those books to contain divine doctrines,
nnd to persist in them, and, if occasion be, will-
iiigly to die for them. Kor it isnp new thing for our
captives, many of them in number, nnd frequent-
ly ^n time, to be teen to endure racks and deathi
of all kinilt upon the theatres, that they may
psilieri an4 reaches so much wider than that of Thucy-
dides,' is,. therefore, vastly K'eater ; so is the must (lart or
Thacydidcs, which tieli>n)!S In his own tunes, and felt un-
der his own obiorvaliun, inurli the must certain.
I (if this accafaey uf the Jews, before and in out.8a,
viout's liuic, ill carefully jireaerviriR their genculo;!ics all
ftloiiK, iiartii'ulnrly tboai: ol iho priests, sea Joscplius's Life,
sfM!f. 1.' 'This arcuraevBi'enw to have ended atthodriitruc. ■
tion of Ji'runnli'm by "Til us, or, however, at that by Adrian.
t Which were thino twnlytwo aucnd IhioIis of the
Old i'oalttinent, sc« the Suppbrniciii to the lOssnv on tho
Old Testament, p. 25— Sfii, viz. those wo call tiimnicMf,
all oiceptinR t|ie Canlioles; but still with this fan her os-
f.eption. that the first lMS>k otapiKrgpkat VMtin hi- taken
into that numbi^r, insliad of our cananica< l::zra, which
sToms to be no more tlinn a later e|iitomu of tho other;
which two books of CantSlus and Exra it noway appaan
that our Josephus ever saw.
Attic ways of WFitiii?, whifh aii;nify litflo as Io the real
value of each of Iheir bietoriis. whilo it would be of murh
more momcni to let tho reodi'r know that, as the rouse-
qatnca oi llerodotus's history, which begms so much
K>
1, "' '.,,
■nil
Ihaii
■ol b* obl.KMi loiMT oi
Mtl lh« rtcurdt in*| ^on««ln Ihtini WMri-M
th«r« ar* non* •( (11 ■ni<in( th* (lr«*ki who
would uml«rn> Ih. \*i»i h«rni <>n lh«« *rco<mt,
ao. nor in cum all th* i*rtllii|[i (hut ■»< ainunK
Ul«m w»r« 10 b« ilr«lW)y«l ; f.ir ijvy '•k' •'••™
to b« lurh (liK6iir«<>« •• «r» Imnirtl ngri-fiibly lo
<b« lndin««roin o(,»ho«« lh«l writ* lh«*! •ml
thay h»»« jurilir tht^Miii* o|ili(lon of ib« anriwil
wrilart, line* llt«y •»« »oii>« of Om prr«fii« f *"•■
nlion bold «iiooth lo write »boul lurh analii,
«tb<r«ln lh«Y were not prricnt, ni>r bed conif rn
•nough lo inrurm IhfniuiUee about them from
tkoM that kne# them; e>ai|iplea of wbirh niajr
h* h*l ill thia lata war of our», wb»r« »onie p«r-
•onl have wriilen hiitoriea and publi>hrd tbaiii,
without haviUff hern in the plarra conrerntid, or
having been near them whrn the ai'lloiv were
done; but thrie men put a few thinRt tiicether
by hearaay, and iniblcnily abuw the world, and
cill Iheu writinci bv the niiii« of liiatoriea.
9. Ae for iiijirlf, I have conipoic<l a true hi«-
tory of that wlifj^le war. and of all lh» paniculjiri
that occurred therein, at having been concerned
in airilt trantactioni, for I acted aa |enerai.ol
thoa* among ui that are named OaTileant, at
lone at it Wat poraible for ui to make any oppo-
lltion. I wat then teiied on by the Koinant, and
liacame a captive; Veipaiinn alto and 'ITtul bad
)ne kept under ii guard, anil force<l ">« «» i,"''""
them continually. At the lirit I wat put in bondt,
but wat »e< at liberty afterwartU and tant to »cr
eonipany Titut when he came from Alaiandria
to the ei«K« of Jeruialeni; dufiiig wbijh time
there wat nOthinK done which etciuied.iiiy know-
l*dm;.for what happened in the Koinan camp, I
NW, and Wrote dowrt carefully; and what lofor-
aiation the deierter* brouKht [out of tbe city,] I
waa tb« only man that uiiderttood them. After-
Ward I got Iriiura at Kome; and when all my
materialt were prepared for that Work, I made
via of tome persunt to aiaiit me in learning the
Orcck tongue, and by thcte ineani I compoted
the history of tbete trantactioni. And I wat to
well aitured of the truth of what 1 related, that I
tni of all appealed to thote tliat had theiuprenie
command in that war, Vet|)«aiHn and Titut, at
witneitct fAr me, for to them 1 pretented Iboie
booki firtt of all, an<< after them to many of th^
Somant who had been in the war. 1 alto told'
them to many of oiir owii men who underttood
the Greek philotophy; among whom were Ju-
llui Arcbeliiut, HerocI [king of Cbalcit,") u pcmon
of great gravity,' and king Agrippa hiintcif, a
rton that dett-rved the ,greHt«it iidmiration.
.atNlwic men bore their teitimony to me,
I had the itrictelt regard to truth; who yet
woutd no( have diMeinbled the liialler, nor been
tilent. if I, but of ignorance, or out of favor to
•oy tide, either hail given falae colon to, actiont,
or omitteil any of them.
10. There havfe been imicefl tome bad men,
who have attempted to calumniate my hiilory,
and took it to be a kind of tcholeitic perform-
ance, for the exercise of young men. A ttrange
(ortof accusation pnd calumny thit! tincc every
■ ■ one that undertake! to deliver the history of ac-
tioni truly, ought to know them accurately bim-
aelf in tbe firtt place, at either having been con-
■ cerned in theni himtcif, or been informed of them
' by lucb BS knew them. Now both these niethods
of knowledge I mav very properly pretend to In
the composition of both my works; for, at I said,
I have translated the Antiquities put of our la-
cred bdoks; which I easily could do, since I was
a priett by my birtb, and have atudied that phi-
lotophy which is contained in thotc writing! ;
n.AVII'H J<)iS>5PIIU8.
woni aaaintt our laWt atfremeiL wlwr» gmlertake lo rnnlraHIrl ma ahoul
tha true Ital* of Ihota aMairit who, although lh«»
pratenil lo have made u>« of both the rni|MTiir I
own iweiiioirt, yrt i iiuld Rot Ihry !>■ aciiiiaiiilad
with our iiWn attain who fo,ught againit them.
II. Thit dlgreatiun I hava bean obliged lo
niaka out of nccetttly, «« being datimut lo aii-
poaa the vanity of Ikow that profrit lo write his-
tories : ami I suppoae t'havk sulfKirntly dtdarrd
that thit cuttoiii i«f {nMiMnilling down |h* hisio-
riaaof ambient l^iraUlh'been batter prraerveu
by Ihiita nations wi^lf are called liarbariani,
than by Iha Or**k|^«<l(|t»lve». I am now will-
ing, in Iha nam ^Aimi ii> lay a few Ihingt lo
Ihute that endeavor t0 prove that our conalitu-
lion ia but ol late tfhir^ lor ihia rraaon,' aa they
pretend, that the Orri k w^lrra have aaid nothing
about ut; after whrcb I ahall praduc* teilliiioniat
for our antiquity out of ihewtritinga of for<:igner>:
I thall alao drinonalrale that aurh aa rual re-
proacfaet u|Hin our nulioii do il very utijutlly.
1^.' Aa for ouraeUta, therefore, w« neither inha-
bita maritime country, nordowa dalight inmer-
ohandite. nor in auch a mittur*. with other mrn^
i(|«9t*t from ill but the citiei we dwell in are
u))fi from Iba tea, and having a fruitful conn-
?>puur babjiation, we take paint in culliva-
. 'hg tliakonly. Our prlnciiial rare of all ia Ihii,
to eilucatri our childri n wellj and Wo think it lo
be the inoti necetaary butinctt of our whole life,
to observe the lawi that hava beWto given iit, and
to keep thote rutet of piety that have been deli-
vered down lo ut. 'sijpce, therefore, betide*
what we fiave already tttkcn notice of, we have
hud a peculiar way of living of our"DWn, there
was no ocration olfered v ■" ancient agel for
intermixing among iHe tireekt, ai they had fur
mixing aniung th« Kgyptlaiti, by their inter-
courta of exporting and importing their tevcral
goodt; at they alto mixed with liie I'hiiiniciani,
who lived by'the teaiide, by meant of their lova
of lucre in trade and merchandise. Nor Afd our
forefalhert betake themsclvei, a* did annie
olhert, to robbery; nor did they, in order ti) (jain
more wealth, fall into foreign wart, although our
country contained many lea thuutandt of men of
courage tutiicient for that purpote. For thitrea-
ion it wat that the Hhceniciant themielvei came
loon by trading and navigation 16 be known to
the Oreciant, ahd bv their meant the Egyptians
became known to the Ureciant alto, as did all
those people whence the Phoenicians in long voy- .
Bget ovtr the teat carried waret to the Grecian!,
'llie Medei alio Mil the I'eniant, when they
were lordt of Asia.^catne well known to Ihepi ;
and tbii was especially true of the Persians, who
led their arinies^s I'nr as the other continent
[Kurope.l The Thraciant were alio known to
them by the neari ctt of their countriei, and the
Scythlant by the iiieani of thote that tailed to
Ponlui) for it waij to in general that all maritime
liationt, and ihoieithat inhabited near the eait-
(Drn or weitern leat, became most known to
Iboio that were d«tiroui to be writers; but tuch
ai had their habitationt farther from the tea
were for the most part unknown to them ; which
thingi appear to nave happened at to Kurope
also, where the city of Rome, that hath thit long
time been poisetied of so much power, and bath
performed such great actions in war, is yet never
mentioned by Herodotus, nor DyThucydidei, nor
by any one of their conlemporariet^ and it wai
very late, and with great difficulty, that the Ro-
man! became known to the Greeki. Nay, thoic
that were nckoncd the most exact historian!,
and Ephoru! for one, were lo very ignorant of
the Gauli and the Spaniardi, that he luppoied
and for the Hiitory of the War, 1 wrote it ai
having been an iictor nj^vstlf in many of its
transactions, an eyewitness in the greatest part
of the rest, and wai not unacquainted with any
thing whatsoever, that was either aaid or done in
K. How iiopudcnt then moit thoM deserve to be
the Spania r da, who inhabit lu g re at a part o f the
western regions of the earth, to be no more than <•
pne 4;ity. Thote historian! aho have ventured
to describe luch custom! aa were made use of by
them, which they iiever bad either done or laitfi
and the reason why these writeri did not knoff
(ha truth of th*
not any cuiuiae
ihay wrote sue
a mind lu appa
had nut kouwn
der. If our nati'
iha Itraeka, ii«i
meutliin lli*">
to ramuta Iruoi
aoparuliar lu I
U. IM UI m
inada uw of ll
ciant. in urdri
ancient, iMcaua
rei'onia: would
bably give the i
1 hava DOW a
■flghbor natio
3«ily7 Now I
o-.Jht I will fa
niciant a* my
body can cum
on lucouut 111
tft* grrateat il
to Iha Kgyplia
tba Fhiaiiicia'n
baen mutt of i
wardt ut; yet <
tame uf the (
and ancetlori i
do niakeiiianll
account of Ih
Now, when la
•o far at conci
that tome of I
tion of ui Jev
may not have i
ing what I hat
14, 1 thall b
liant: not, ind
the Egyptian
for me to do.
by birth an K|
muter of the
for he wrote
Ih* Greek ton
(limself, out
tods great fau
and false relat
Manetbo, in tl
tory, writes ci
neri L will sel
to bring the v
wilnen- — " T
name waa Tit
I know not hi
there cauie.
Ignoble birth
boldneia enou
country, •»!'
without our
when they ha
der their pow
«itiei, and d<
and uied all
rou! manner
children and
they made o
wai Salatis;
both the upr
and (eft gar
proper for th
•aitarn parti
who had th<
■Iroui of tb(
ai he found
city very pri
upon the Bu
c artain theol
* Here we hi
city of Jnrusaif
aician ahepherf
laven yean bel
A(U|N8T APION.-WKJICI.
t o f the
Ik* Irulh or lh«ir afalrt, <iA» (bit, Ihul Ihajr ba«l
na( (iiy tomimff* li>|»lh«r j bill lh« n»$aa «h»
thay wri>l« lui li hUitivi WM thi«, thai Iho) livl
■ iiiinil lo aiiiwar li> In^'W lliln«« whicli olli»r«
hill uul knuwu. Iluw i:*n it Ibaii b« trny Mun-
ii«r. If our nation wat ho iiiiir* known t<i many of
tha l>r««ka. Hiir liad i^ivaii Ihaiii any orr4«ion tu
niaiillon lliaiu in Ihair wriliiiK>, wriiil* Ihry w»ra
lo rainola I'rooi Ilia ara, anil liatl • coinluvl of III*
ao inruliar lo Ihaniarlvatt
1 J. 1.>I u* now |iul Iha uaa*, tharafurt, that wa
uiaila uaa of Ihia ar|fuiii«nl i;ono*ruinK ihn tlra-
clana. In urtiar lo proya llial our nation wat not
aiiciciil. Im'Cuum iiuIIiiuk it aaiil vl ihiin lu our
rai'onit: woulil not lh«y lau||h at ua all, anil pro-
bably kiv« Ihit aania raaaoiia (or our •llanca that
I ha*a DOW allr|«<l, and would produca lliair
■ficMMtr nation* »» wllnaMaa lo Ihair own anil-
auily? Now Iha ■auia lliii^; will I trndtiavor tu
o\Jht I will briiiK ll'*' I''.K} ptiuix ami Ilia Vhm-
niciaul a* my |irinci|ial wiliivaava, bccauaa no-
body can coni|ilairt of Ihair latlinion* ai falta,
OB a4:count llutt they ar« kuuttu lo baya burna
ifca grraleit ill-will luwarda u%\ I niaan Ihia «■
to tba KuypliHiia in,Kartaral all of Ihoiu, whila of
tba Fliiaoioiana it'U known Iha 'I'yriani hava
baan nioal of all in Iha aaiuf ill diapoaition lo-
warda ua; yatd9 1 coufeia that I cannot a»y"lna
laiua of Ino C'kaldanha, liiica our firat kadairi
and ancaalura wars df rivad from Ihaiii, and they
do niakatnanlion of u« J«wa In Ihair rvrorila, on
account of iha kindrad tlivra ia brtwi^rn ua.
Now, when 1 ahull ba«a nmda my uaatirliolu good,
•o far aa concern* the othara, I will dainonatrat«
that •onin of Ilia tireck wrilara have luada men-
tion of ua Jewa aUo, thul Ihoae who. envy ua
may not have even Ihia iircleuoe for Contmdicl-
iiiK what I have aaid ubout our nuliun.
14, 1 aball bcKin with the wriliiiga of the Kifyp-
tiani: not, indiad, of Ihoae IImI have Written in
the fcKyplian laiiguag;ii, which it ii iiupoaaible
for me tu do. liut Muntlho waa n man who waa
by birth an Kgyiitian; yel liud b« mude hiiiiWlf
waiter of the (ireek Icarniiif;, aa ia vvry «vid«nl;
(or he wrote the hialory ol hia own coitntry\ in
(ha Ureek tongue, by trautlutiiig it, aa he iailli
(itmaelf, out of their tucrcd rixurdai he alio
fodt great fault with Herudotui fur hi* icnorance
■ad fnlae relationa of KKyptian ulfaira. Now Ibla
Maoetho, in the at-coiid liuuk of hia Kgyptian bia\
(cry, wrilt-a coiiccrniiig ua in the following man
ner: L will a«t down hi« very wordi, aa if 1 were
to bring the very man liiiiiiclf into n court for a
wilnet*. — "There waa a king of ouri whote
name waa Tiiuaua. Under hiui it came to i>aia,
I kDow not how, that Uod waa averse to ua, and
there came, after a aurpriaing inunner, men of
ignoble birth out of the eaalern |>acla, and had
bold neaa enough to make an expedition into our
country, and wi(h ease rnhdued it bv force, y«t
without our haiardiog j battle with them. So
when they had gotten ihoae Ihal governed ui -in-
der their power, they afterward burnt down our
citica, and demolUhed the temples of the gods,
and used all the inhabitanU after a moat barba
ha rabuill, and niatla vary tlrong by Iha walla Im
built aliiiiit ll, and by a luiial iiuniaroua garriaoB
of l«o hiiiidrid and forty Ihuuaand ariuail maa^
whom ha put inio It to keep tl. I hllhaf Malalta'
Kama In Ilia auinniar lima, (Mrlly lu galliar hia
corn and pay hi* aoldiara thair waf >a, and |>*rlljp
III* lUinivil man, and iharrby lo larrily
roul manner; Day, lume they atew, and led their
children and Ihefr wives into alavery. At length
they made one of thciiiiirlves king, whose name
was Salatiai he alao lived at Menipbis, and iiiade
both the upper and lower regions pay tribute,
•nd left garrisons in places lliat were the most
proper for them. He chiefly aimed to secure the
•astern parts, as foreseeing that (he Aaav riant,
who had then the grealett power, would bo de-
■irout of that kingdam, aiul iuvude them; and
•a he found in the Saite Nouioa, [Setb-roite,] a
city, very proper for his purpote, and which fay
upon the Bubaatic channel, but with regard to a
certain th^ol'-ci'^ nnlinn was r.nlled Avarit! (his
to aiareiM' _ . ,
(uraigmr*. \> hrn Ihi* man had raiKurd thirlaa^
yaara, altar liiui raiKiiad aaulhar, wh'i«a nam*
wasUaun, (or (urly-four yaara; altar hini raignad
anolhar, callail A|)ai'hnas, Ihirty-ais years aa4
aavan months, allir him A|Kiphi* ralnnad aiily-
ona itaara, and llivn Jaiiiaa lilly }*ara, and una
iiioiiln; altar all Iheta rvigiiad Aaia lorly-nine
yaara and twu lUuMlha. And Ihaaa aia avara ik*
Aral rUlart aniuiig Iham, who war* all along
making war wilh the Kgypliana, and ware vary
daairuua krailuallv lo ilealroy Ihrni (o Iha vary
niola. 'tnit whole nation waa alylad HViaua,
Ihal la, ^SlK'iiherd-kiHK'; fur ll\,a Ural lyllabU,
lliri.', aci'oriliiig lo Ilia tarred dialed, dmola* k
king, aa la hua, a thaphard; but lhltjl>^gori|ing
(Q Iha ordinary dialei i; and ul Iheta ^ti^ni-
jMiundrd IIycsoS: IiuI tome tiiy that llirar fiAopla
were Araliiana." Now in another copy il laaaid,
that Ihia won) doea nut denote kings, out on the
contrary denolca captive ahapherda, and (hit oa
account of the |MrliiJa lUc: for that llvti, with
Iha atpiralion, in Ihn flvyplian tongue axiiin da-
nulet thepherda, nitil llial eiprraaly alio: and
thia tu me teenit Iba mure unibable ouinam, and
more agraeable lu anrient hialory. [Hut Mane-
tho goet on:] 's'l'hetn people, whom we have
l>efors named kiiigt, and called thepherda alao,
and Iheir ilrtceiidaiilt," at he aayt, "kept p<is-
irtaion n( KKypt live hundred and eleven yenrt.
Alter Ihrae, ' lie aayt, "Thai the kiiigaofThe-
bai* Mid uf the other pnrUu( Kgypt, iiitideanin-
aurrcction againat the ahephenia, and Ihal (hare
a (errible and lung war waa made between them." .
He aaya further, "T'hat uiiiler a king, whiMe
.name was Aliiphragmuthoaia, the aliaphcrda
were aulidurd by hini, and were indeed driven
out of other partt of KgypI, but were shut vp in
u place thai cunlainrd ten thoutaiid aires: thia
place wat named Avarit." Manetho laya, "That
the thepherdt built a wall r(#lid all Ihit place,
tvbich waa n larire and a ttron(( wall, and this ilt
order lu keep ull their puaaeiiiunt and their prejr
within a place of tlri-ngth, hut (hat Thuiiiihuait,
the tun of Aliaphragniuthutia, made an attempt
to take them by force and by aiege, with four
hundred and eighty thousand men lo lie round
about Ihein; bu,l that, upon his despair of taking
the place by that siege, Ihey came lo a composi-
tion with them, that thry should leave Kgypt,
an J go without any barm to be done to theffl,
wliithertoever they woilld; and thai, after this
cunipotition was made, tliev went away with
their whole families and ed'ecU, not fewer lu
namber than two hundred and fofty (houiand,
and look their journey from Kgypt, through the
wildernett, for Syria; but that at they were in
fear of the Attyriani, who had then the dominion
over Asia, they built a city in that counirr
which it now called Judea, and that large enough
(0 contain thia great number of men, and called
it Jerusttlem."* Now Alunetho, in another book
of his, says, "That this uatiun, thus called shep-
herds, were alto called captives in their sacred
books." And this account of hia is the truth : foi
feeding of sheep was the employmem'f of out
forefathers in (he most ancien( U^es: and as (hey
led luch a wanderiiig life in feeding, thrcp, they
were called shephtrila. Nor wat it without reatuit
that they were culled captives by the Egvpliant,
since one of our aucettiirs, Joieph, told the king
s.
of Kgypt that he wat a captive,) and afterward
tent Sir hit bre(hren Ihtd Kgypt by the king's per-
m
• Here we htve an aiMmunt of the first buiUinf of Ihe
elty of Joruaalom, acrorilin;; to Manethn, wlirn iho PKa~
■ician ahephcrda were (ixpi^llod out of Kgypt, about thirljr-
tavtn yean before Abraham cdiuo out of lUraa.
tCen.»lTi.33,M;ilvii.3,4. .
t In our ropiw" of ilm tmik of (Jeneaia and of Joaephat,
thia Joaviih tipvcr ralk hirnia'ir a captive, w,he<i be waa
with the king of Egyiil, tlioWb be tloea call hinielf •
|;
' .w»^
'%
BM
>tAVIt)8 JORRnillM
_ llol M Utf Ihrf nialUn, I thall mak* •
■ion •••'I iiH|uiry nhaiul IhciH •iMwhim,*
lA. Mul nirw 1 •Imtl ik.hIuo Iha t:|)|i(l«MM
•klatMM* III Iha aiilhiuinr u( iHir aallua, I 'hall
lliarafcifa h«ra brin| In Manalhu a|ain, aiyt a>lm(
ha wrll'a at l<i H'v onlar o( Ilia lima* In IhU
eata^ ami thna h« tixalia Whan lliia iiaopla
or aliviiliartU Wkraguna nut of Kg^iil to iariiia-
■am. Talhuiiiti*. Iha king o' K.gypl, nhu ilruna
thani uut, raignall afUrwaril (wanU-Ava /aara
■ail fnnr niiinlht, ami than illail ahar him bii
■on Chalirun l<K>li Ihv kliifilnni for Ihirtarn
|aar«l alur whuiH'caina Aiii*nii|ihl«, li<r liaanljr
jMra and uvan monlhti than raina hi* iKlar
AMaaaaa, <ur iManljr-ona jranra ami nina niiiiilhij
•ftar har rauia Mapkraa, fur Inralna )aan anil
ulna iiiunlht) aflar him Mat M«iihNniiilh<iti«, f»r
twanlj-liva yaan anil Un iimnlnai allrr liini waa
Thmiiti*. lur nuia )i>ara ami <ri|(hl niuiilhi) afUr
him laiiia AiiK-nnpliia, Ciir Ihirly jirara anil tan
moathii aftar him raiiia Orua, lur thirty -'it
fttn »iid 4»a montha j than caroa h»» lUnnMitr
Acancharai. fur twaUv yrar* anil una iiiiinlhi
than nriia har hriithtr Halliiilia, for iiinv yrarii
than waa Acanchraa, for Iwalva jraara aiitl Ava
monthaj than caiiin anolhar Acancharaa, fur
li*al*a'>aar» and thraa montha; aflar hii|i Ar-
, m»\; fur four jraaraaml una Kionlhi aftar him
waa Haiiiaaaaa, fur una yiar anil four month*;
•ftar him cam* Arniata>> IVIianinioun, for iitljr
jraari ami two iiionlht) allir hiiii Aiiianoiihii, for
■inataaii _vaar> iiiiil aU monllii; aftar him cama
Salhoaii, ami Kaiiiraxi'*, who lind an amijr of
bona, anil a naval luriK. 'I'hii kinK apjiuintril
hia brolluir Ariuala tu Iw lila lU'imly uvar KRypl.
r In amithur coiiy It tlooil tliiia: Aftrr hliii lainr
Sathuiia, ami Kbiii«m('(, two lirrthnn, tlir for-
luar uf whuiu had a nnval forrr, anil in a hualila
maonar dcttroyad Ihoaa that mat him u|K>n the
Ma; hut aa ha alaw Kamra*«a in no lon|^ tlnia
tflarwaril, lo ha a|ipaiiUfil umilliar of hit hrc-
Ibran to b« hia deputy out Kfcy|lt.) Mc nUo
pva him all Iha olhrr Hiithority of n kin|r, hut
with Ihcaa only injum'tiona, that h« ahoulil nut
Wear thfi diiulrin, nor b« iiijurioua tu the quniii,
thf niotlinr uf bli chililrcu, ami that ha ahuuld
not miiddla with the oilier cuiiruliiiiaaof the kiiiK,
arhile h« luaila an «i|H:ililliin a^'iinat Cyprua :ind
i'hnolcia, and bi'aida* agiiinat llie Aiavriana niut
Um Mada*. Ha than aubdued thani all, tome by
hi* ariiit, ioine without 'fiKhting, and «uine by
the terror uf hia grent army : and bfinr pufl'i'il
UP by the grriit aucceaaet he hail hnd, lin wiMit
•till on Iht more boldly, and overthrt'ir the ciliHt
•nd cuuntriet Ihut lay in the eattern parts. Hut,
after aunio cunaidenible liiu«, Arniaia, irho Wat
left in Kay pt, did all thuta very thInK', by nay
of opputitiun, which bit brother had forbidden
biiu to do, without fvur; for he uti-d violence to
the queen, and continued Ip make' ute of the
reft uf the concubinea, without i|mrin(;; any of
them: nay, at the pertunaion of hit friendi, he
put on the diadem, and set up to oppote hit bru-
tb«r. But then, he who wb» •*! over thp liriiatt
of Egypt, wrote leltart IftSrlhoaii, and informed
bini of all thiit had hiippCncd, and how hi* bro'
tber had aet up lo oppoae him: he therefore re-
turned back to Peluaium iiiiiiiedintely, niid reco-
Tored bit kinij^dom again. The country alto waa
called from hit nam« Kjt^rpt; for Manctho tayt,
that Sethoiii wai himiclf called Kgyptut, b(
wai hirtjruther Arroait called Uanaut.' f
aarraat, a i/ava, or a eaatira, mnnv timna in the Tottn-
anrint oi' Ihe twain Fatriateha, under Jiwaph. aect. 1, 11,
13, 14, 13, 111.
* Thit it nnwwnplihK.
t Of thii KKyjiiiaii chrunoloity of Mani'tho, at lalmn
— hy Ju aa ph a* , a nd uf I huao Ph i mil i. -i a ii »tii' | »hiiri l a , na f i i l a'ly
lA Thi* I* Manatho't a«*oanl Ami aaldtM
II la from Iha niiinhar of yaar* hy him a»i ilown
bahtnaliiK lit Ihit Inlanaf, if Ihay ha aunimail up
lufaliitr, Ihal Ihata ahaphard*. at Ihay ar* har*
< iiTIkiI, who ware no oth^r than our forrlWlhrr*.
iV«ra iUli>ar«d onl of K()pl, and r*ma Ihrpia.
and Inhabited, Ihia riiimlrir, ihraa hundnul ami
ninalylhrrayaar* liefora llanau* rama tu Artut,
althouKb Iha Ar(tva* Imih u|H>n him aa in*|r
tti'm anrltnl king.t Manalho, Iharafnra, baart
thia taalimoHy to two |H>liila o( Iha uraaloal rou'
ari|urHia lo oar |iMr|Hi«a, anil Ihoaa fmm iha
► HM"'*" raiord* |li*nia>lrrt In lh» Ar*l jilaia.
thai we cama onl of anolhar cnunlry Into ^.gypli
and that withal, our d*l|«fran<-a out of it waa *o
anciaiil IB lull* a* lo haira prcerdml Iha iiaKa of
I'm) aliiioal a llnMiaand yearait but than, aa lo
Ihoaa thin^a whu h Manelho ailda, not from Iha
Kfyplian rrronia, but, •• ha ronfaaaaa bimaalf,
from aoma •tor4r* of an mirarlalH origlaal, I will
illaprov* lh»Hi herratlrr (laHirularly, and thall
drmnnalnila lh»« ihay ara> nf> ballar <)Mn l»*ra-
iliMa fnhlra.
IT. I Will now, lliarrfora, pnat fmm Ihrta r«-
cnnla, and ronia to Ihoaa that brlnnR ("the I'hia-
nkiaiit, and eoiicamiMirnf lion, and thall produr*
nllaitaliont (o what I have taiil out of tliam.
There are, than, rairorda anion||[ Ihe I'yriana, that
take in Ihe hialory of many yeara, and Ihatv ara
public wrillnKt, ani^ ara kept n^ilh (real itiacl-
nr**, and inrRida ari'ouiiltof Ilia farttdone among
thrni, and aurh at fonrern their lrantai-|ion»
with other nat^naalto, Ihoaa 1 mean which wrra
worth rtmamhering. Therein ll wat rerorded,
that the (rmple waa Imilt hy khig Soloniim. at
.Irriiaalnii, one hunilreil furly-three year* and
eHRht mdnlh* before the Tyriana built t'arlhagai
and in th< Ir annalt, the building of our tem|il« It
related: for llimm, Iha Ung of Tjre, wa* Iha
friend of Solomon our king, and had aurh friend-
thip Irnnamillril down tu him from hit forrfa-
thert. Me thereupon wat ambillout to conlri-
liule to the tpli iidur of th|» edifice of Solomon'*
und made him ■ prr*enl of i>ne hundred and
twenty talrnia of gold, lie aim cut down Iha
moat excellent timber nut nf thiit nioiii|tain which
I* rallfd hilinnu*, and aenl it to him lor adiirning
the roof. Solomon alao aat linly nmile him many
oll&rJ^l'*eala, by Way of.r«i|uilal, hut gayn him
n r>M0tly in (iaiile* alao, that waa callad Chnbu-
lon.f Ihtt rtieje wa* another jwaaion, a pliiloto-
diic iiK linalUHi of thrira. Which renienled tha
mutual prohlcW to one artother. with a detira
^ltllC II
rinndt
hip tM^ wa* betwint them; for Ihey aenl
tu hnte them unriddled by each other; whcreia
Solomon w«* auperiov lo llirom, a* he wa* wite^
llian he in other reiyircit: and many of Iha epii-
tlva that paaaed between them are atill pretemed
BMOiiK the Tyrlnna. Now that thi* may not da.
|wnd on my bare woni, I will prodiue for a wit-
iieta Uiu*,'onf thot-i* believed to have written
the I'ha-nician hiatpry after an nccurata manner.
Thi* Dint, thereforf, write* thu* in bit hi*tory
of the Fliiimiciant: "Upon the death of Abiba-
lu>, hiii tonliiroiii took the kingdom. Thi* king
raited bnnkt at Ihe eaatrm part* of the city and
cnlarf^ed it; hn alto joined the temple of Jupiter
Olympui, which ttood before on an ialanil by
ilaelf, to the city, by raiting a cauteway between
I hem, and ailornrd that temple with donHtioni of
gold. Ha moreover went up to Libanut, and^ad
limber cut down for the building of templei.
Ihe atrii-tr'ttaimae, that Ihny lioil nonnekiinaoBncirnl a*
ho; r,r it'i^ceitnin thitt theyuwiii'ilninekiiiKahefori} hini»
nnil fnnchua atlhi; hrnd of ilifni ; »m Autlu'iitir KiTiiriit.
rml li. p tirta; »* JoaophuaoouM rot hm know vorjr well;
Ijut that h» wna oalienwil aa very anciont by lliom, and
llial Ihey knew thov hnil lienn tiril nf ill rfanomiiialad
hey
/)«*«<, fium liiia very ani!iclri kin( fMiiaua. Nordoca thia
ati|NTluiivit tlf>;;ro«! nlwaya iinpty lit*' atait ancient of all
without a/ceptiun, but la toiiii'tiniia to bo rpiiil«red Wff
aaeitnt only, aa ia Ihn coao in thu liko aupoflative dofrtaa
Thay Hf fcrtk
king i»f Jarutala
aolaad,' ami d«
fur hiiii lo aidit
(ha pnildrnit tii
lo hini lhal toll
agrei'il IS Ihe ii
Iha pnihUin*, li
of money a* a
(key ralala, thi
did ndf* Iha iif
Koluaiiua could
obhgail lo re|m]
Tbvaa Ihlfig* ar
what wa have ai
It. And now
alao, at an adi
wrul* tha ai I* I
ami. Harhariani
king*, and had
blatory out <kf |l
wa* wrilMg ml*
at Tyre, IFi'uM
on ln« liaaUi of
kingikiuii iiVli
thirty four. H
liroad I'lara, i
whii'h it in Jii|
rut down lioibi
nut, ailil gill till
<rni|iltt. Ilo a
and built new ii
(ha trmjilea of I
built llrn-ulra
and that of A
ditlon axainit <
him their Iribii
(ham tu hiniti'll
king (here wh*
mailereil the f
Jeruaaleni hud i
the time Irom tli
I* Ihut calculat
Baleaiarut hit
forty-three yeai
him tui'ieedeil
Iwenly-nlne yei
four (ont of hi
•lew him, the
year*: after tl
Uelraatartua; 1
•d twelve \eani
ryniua, he lived
yaara; lie wat
took iJie kingih
though he live)
balut, the priea
two year*, and
•ucceeded by h
Ava year*, am
evaded by Mat)
yaan, and rci(
cccded him; he
forty-teven yea
hi* reign hia aii
the city Ciirtha
from liie titigA
thfge, amount*
Ave yeara und •
pic waa built nl
the reign uf Hi
of the temple u
hundred furty
Wherefurc, wl
any more teatii
(orie*. [on the
I have taid i* i
Aad, lo be *ui
tappoaed by hiih, and ulhurii nfii'r liini. lo hnvo been Iho
brai'liloa in EKyiit,"!'!" K«"ivonth" OUl Teatanii'nl, Aji-
yendii, pngr Irt!— Wf. And mito hrro. dial wlion Jiwo-
pliua tolla ua that Iho Greeks or Argitoa Igiikml od Iliia
Uanaut at (•(iz»"TiiTot, a ntost ancitnl, or Me moft an- I of iiihor woriln alao.
titiU king of Argot, lie cannut be luppuaed tu mean, ia f ]
] Sav the preceding note;
{ IKiuga b. 11.
country long li
for it wat not t
whole land bj
And Ihit it the
iMit of pur lact
■X'
'• \ ■',
. . . «
AnAIKRT APIOH-.|l»V)K |.
m
kli)( M^ /•ruwUm. Mnl prohlvtii* lu Minim lu Iw
•olmd,' (nat ij«(lr«il IM wiiulil ivntl iilhur* Imi k
fiir him to wilx. *nii that h* who cmiM noltoU*
ih* iirulil'nii iirnmiMil In hini, •hnukl ixy ni<iii*)i
III hini ihul wlfn thrni Aafl when lliruiii liwl
■f rcvil IS lh« iirnpatMla, hut «■* mil alil* In hiIo*
in* priihUma, lia «u nhhiwl lu \my ■ (rral lUal
of muHa^ aa • panaltjr liir tha aama. At atwi
llwiy nlala, Ihal iia* AManian, a mail •( 'I'trv,
«||<I tiilfa tka iiriiMaiiii, ami |lropiiaa iilkari wnirh
NoltMiua rnulil mil lolvr. uiwiii whiiti lia was
iiliUgxl l» r*|m)r afrral lUal <il inonry lo llimiii "
Tll*a« Ihlftga ar>> allaal*)) In lijr lliua, ami i iinAriii
irkal wa hava hIiI up<iii lh« taina luhjarli hafiira.
II. Ami iiiiw I tliall atlil Mfnamlor lh« ('plia-
«taa, aa an ailililinnal wiIikm. 'I'hia IVUnamUr
•nil* lh« aila llial Hrrr iloiia iMilh Inr ib» (irtK-ki
■xl. Harhariana umlar avrrjr onaol Ika T^rian
klnft, ami bail lak*n much |wiiia lu laarn llivir
kUl'iry Mill <vf Ihrir tM»n rccnriU. Niiw, tohan h«
<|ia« wriliM! nlHiut lk<i«« kiHK* ibat kmt r*t(H«l
at 'I'yrr, B^itmiio lo lliroiii, ami fait Ihiui •• liii:
(Ml ina ilaayi iif Aliilialiii, hit lull niriini Iniih |hr
kinKiliiUii liVliiml HllV'Inrrr yrara, ami rriKiiril
Ihirly fiiiir. tU raiiK-O a bank on thai rallnl l^r
Itmail t'lara, kail' ilailM-alvil lhal ciililVii' pilUr
which U III Jii|iH<'r'a txiu(ilt>, h* aUn wr«l ami
cul (liiwii liiiilirr friii|i llir iiiiiiinlaiii i ulliil I.Hia
nut, ailil K<il liiiiiH'f (it I'xilar I'lir thr ruul< ol Oia
<riii|il«i. Il(t aliu (i^lril (luwn Iha ut<t Iriiiplva,
ami biiill utw uiiac baaula* Ibja, li« riinariratail
Ilia triiiiilrt nr llrnulr'aiiil u( A>lart». Ilr lirtl
bulll Mon'iilra'l triuiiU in the ninnlh I'lriliiii,
ami lhal uf AalNrtc, whtin h« niailr lii« i tjir-
ditliin aKaiiiat tho Tityaiin whii w«ul<l mil (wy
bim Ibcll' Iributr; and wli«ii bit bail •uImIiii'iI
Ihani lu bimtrir, ha r< turnril huMi"' l/iiilrr till*
kiof lh»r« wiia ■ yniiiiKir •nnXnC Ab^Wninn, wlui
mailrmi th« pirolilrma wbii'h. Soluiiioo kini uf
Jcruvalfiii bull ri'ruiiiiiiriHti'il to linulvi'il." (Suw
ihrtinif IriiiiilliKkingt lollirbmMiiiK ol ('arlbaKii
It thiit fali:ulHl«di ''(I'lHin the dralli uf llin>ii>i
Bclaaiarua bis aon louk the kliiKduni; he livrij
forly-tbrvi> yean, anil rvigii^il myrn yran: afur
him •uirrrdeil hii ion AlMJanlarlut; h* livril
Iwculy-ninr yrar* ami rriKiii^l ninr yawra. Now
four (on* uf hia nurwi plullvil agailial hint, ami
alaw bim, lh« ridrti u( whuiii rrigncil Iwrlvr
ycart: afliT Ihciii i-aiiia AMartui, the aon of
Uclraalartuti he livad lil'ly-fuur yrara, and rtlKn-
•d twclvv \rara; kflir hiiitrHnic biahrolbrr Aur-
rjrniua, he livttd lilly-fcnir ^«arii, ami rriKncd iiriir
ycara; itr waa alMiii by hia brotbrr I'lii In, «vhu
took Ule kinf(ll<iiii,'aiiil rriKnnI buiriKhl iiKinlha,
(hough he lived lifiy yrurai hr wuaaiainby llbo-
bllua, lb<; pri<'«l nf Aatiiitr, Mho ri'i|(n<'d tbirly-
t»o yinrt, anil livnl •iily-riKliI yiart: bi^ wna
auccecdeil by hit aon Uailctorui, who lived I'oriy-
Ave yrara, and rci|;iied ail yi'ira; h' waa mir-
CBcded by MalKmiio, biaaon; hr llvrd Ihirly-lwo
jMn, ami KiK'irti nine yean; •I'yKinallon >uc-
cecded him; he lived lifl^-iix yean, mid TriKiied
forly-ievrn yeara. Now, in the •evcnth yiur of
hia rf ifi;n bin liiter Hi-d awny from him, ami built
(ne city CiirtbR)(r, in Libya." Snihe whukllnie
from inefeiKii oMlironi, till the buildlnKof ('ar-
ihfi^e, amouiilt In Ihe tuin uf one hundred Afly-
Are yeara luiil eight niontha. Since then the tem-
ple «vaa built nt Jeriianli'Ui, in the Iwelflh yeiir of
the reign uf lliruni, there were from Ihc building
of the temple until the building of Carthage, one
hundred (urty-lhree yeara ami etgbt nionlha.
Wherefore, what occaaioo It there for alleging
»aj more teftinioniet out of the ||h(cnician bit-
(oriet, [on the behalf of our nation,] aince what
I have iHid ii ao thoniugllly confirmed already t
And, lo be aure, our anceatora came into Inia
' Ul I Kill new raUte aahal kalk baa* •riMlM
lUHrarulai iia in Ihr I'babUan hialiirlaa, wkMk
raeiinlt havr a |r««t agrKmanl «ilk our buuki
III nihar Ihingt aluk HafMua ihall Im wilnai*
la wkal I aay I ha waa by liirlh a (liablaan, wall
known li) llir laarnad ml airuunl of kia puhlira*
lion iii Ihr I h«l<l«an lulukaul ««iriiH<iiiiy aii>l phi*
bMophv aiiiniiii lb* lirarlia i hi* lUmaua, Ikertf
Aire, mUiiwlni the iHoal amivnl rarurda of Iksi
nalloi), RKa'a ua a hialory ul lb* ilalug* uf walara
thai than hapiMnnl, and of lh« il#alrui'tlo« nf
inankinil Ihrrroy, and agrtra wilh Miia#a'a narra*
linu ihvriol ilf nlio pivea jia an aniiunl uf lhal
ark wkarrin NiMh. ih* nrtgin uf nur rare, wa*
pfea*iM*<l, wh*n II w** bmufkl to Ih* higbaal
IMirl iJ lb* ArmaWun mminlaini altar wbiih
!• givvt ua a ra(a|i>iink ul Ihe nualerily i^ f^oah,
ami aildt Ihe vaara ul Ihiir (throiiolugy; 1^ at
lenglb rumii i/uwn In NalHilaaaar, whu waa king
uf Ilabylun, i^mi uf ll|« Chablaana. Ami when
ha waa rt'lating Ihe aria uf ihit king, Iia ilearrilwa
to ua. " Hnw hai aeiH hi» ton Na'
country long before Ihe building ot the tenijjic ;
for It waa not till we had gotla^ potaetaion oi Ihe
whole land by war, that we built our temple.
And Ihit it the point that I hav'e dearly proved
out of pur ucrell wrilinga io iii> Antiquitiei.
Hgillnal Kgypt. und agnlnil uur l>iii>l, wllbagriai
army, uiMiii nia baing inlurmnl llmt Ibiy had r<"
vulliil iriiiii hiins ami bow, by thai niaana, be
auMurd Iht'iii all, and art uur lampla lhal waa al
JeruaaliNi (fi> Are, nay, and reniiftail uur |H'uiile
entirely nut uf their Own ruiiiiiry, ai|<l tranaier-
red Ihiiii to liahybnr. wbm il au bkp|i«iitiil that
our lily wua drtulair, ilurlilg the interval uf
•evenly yeart, until the diiya of l^^rua king of
I'eraia.'" lie then tayt, Ibat " thia llahylonian
king rompiarad Kgy|)|. ami Syria, ami i'hieniria,
aiidArabia, and earerdtd in nit etpluila all that
liuil reigned before hiiil in llabylunami (.'haldea."
A lilllo alter wliifh, Iteruaut aubjuina what ful-
biwi in hia hiatury uf aiirieni linira I will a<l
down lleruaua'a own arruttnia, whiih are theaei
■■ When Malnilaaaar, father of Maliiichixlunutur,
heani thai the guieriiur wliniu he had ael over
Kgypt mill over llie pnrta of (.Vina) ri« and I'hip-
man b»d revolted fruni hiin, he wna not able to
hear il any longer, liul eunimilllng r«rtaiil)|birta
of hia army to hit ton NaburbiMbinotor, who wua
then but young, he tent him agaiiial the rebel:
Mahuiboounuaor Joined bailie with him, and ron-
iiiiered him, and reduced l^e country under hit
iloniinion agaiq. Now il to fell out, lhal hit la-
ther Naliulattar fell into a ditleiuperal Ihit time,
and ilfed in the fily ^f liabtlun, after he had
reigued iwtntv-ninac^ari. Ilul at hk under-
atuuil, ill « little tlims that, hia father Nabulaaanr
waa ileail, lie ael the alTaira uf Kgypt, and the
other cuuntriea, in order, and conimilteitihe cap-
llVea he had taken from the Jewt, ami I'htcniciaiit,
and Kyriant, and of the nalioni belonging lii
Kgypt, III tome uf hia friemla, that they might
coiiuuct that iiart uf Ihe furcvt that hiyl on beevy
armor, with the real of hia baggage, to liabylu-
nia; while hr went in hatte,luiviiigbui • few wilh
him, over Ihe deaerl luUribylon; whither when
he wat come, he funmrthe public aliaira Itad lii^en
managed liy the (?haldeant, and Ihiil the princi*
pul perton uinoiig thtni had preterved the king*
duni for him. Ai roriiingly be now entirely pli-
mined all hit falher'a doininiona. lie then cam*
and ortlcred the caplivea to bttplHied at eulonie*
in Ihe nioat profier placet of Itiibylouiai but fur
himaetf, he iiilurned ihe temple ol Dclut, and the
uther teuipira, after an ekgiint maimer, out uf Ik*
anoila he had taken in thia war. lie alto rebuilt
Ihe old city, and added another to it on the out-
tide, and to far reilored Babylon, that none who
ihuuld beiiege it afterwurd iiitghl haVe it In their
power to div<;rt the river, to at lo facilitate an
entrance into it; and Ihit he did by building three
walla about the inner city, and tliree about III*
outer. Sunie of Ihete walla he built of burnt
I li
brick and bitumen, and tuuie of brick only. 5u~
when he bad Ihut fortified the city with walla,
after an cxrellint manner, and had adorned th*
gatrt maKnifKCDlly, he added a new palace to
tlwt wbickfail f*lher had dwck ia, tiid.lhU doN
Vf
1 .r
/ .
%-%
586
FLAVIUS JOSEPHUS
by It •!«>. BDil thai more *min«nt iii U» lieiglit.
■nd in iti gretit •picmlor. It would perliapn re-
quire too long H narnitioii, if any one w^ro to
deicribe its liowevtr, as prodiKlouOy l«ri;c, and
■1 inwrnifiei-Dt ■■ it was.lt was fininlieil in liltf«n
d»v». Now in tliis pulaie lie fretted vrry ugh
walks, supported l>y stone pillars, and by plant-
injt what was called a pensile pninKlise, ami re,
plenlihing it with all sorts of trees, he rindertil
the prospect an exact resenildaiiee ol a nioun-
• tiiinous country. This he di.l to please bis queen,
because she had been brought up in Media, and
was fpnd of a mountainous situation.
20. This is what Beroius relates concerning
the foren»enlioned king, as ho relates many other
things about him also in the third hook ol lii9
ChJdean history; wherein he complains ol the
Grecian writers lor supposing, wilhont any loun'
dnlion, that Babylon was built by heii.iimmis*
nueen of Awvria, and for her false welence to
those wondehul editices thereto rel.ilmg. »» d
they were her own wortnianship; as iiKlceil in
these afliiirs the Chaldean history cannot bui be
the roost credible. Moreover, we meet with u
confirmation of what Berosus says in the archives
of the Phoenicians, concerning this king Nahucho-
'. .s . ■ . __ _:.J »JI CiMiA Uiid l'hn>lll<
s
with him. and was shntup within the city of Bon
.sii.i.us. Hereupon Cjrut look llab) Ion, and gave
oril<i- that the ouur walls of the cilj should be
d'emolisbtd. because the city had proved verv
troubUsome to him, and cost him a gr.'iit dihl ol
tiaiiis to take il. lie thin iimrched away to Bor-
liopuH, to besiege WaboHiieilusi but as >ab.mne-
ilus dill not sustain ihe siege, but delivered him-
self into his hands, he was at first kindly used by
Gvrus, who gave him Carmania, as a place for
irim toinhabil in, but sent him out of Babylonia.
Accordingly. >al)onnedus spent the rest ol his
lime in that Country, and there died.
21. These accounts agree with the true histo-
ries in our books: for in them it is writlcn, that
Nebuchadn. liar, Jn the eighteenth v< ar ol hn
teiirn + laid our Irmple desolnle, ami so^it lay in
it state of obscurity for fifty years: but that
the sccomi year of th^;reign ol t j nis lis loun-
-- -Ti-i.i ^...i ;.. .imj ttniHlutt again to
donosor, that he coii-.iuered all Syntand I'ha'i"-
cia: in which case Philostratus agrees with the
otheri in that history which Ke composed, where
he ni&ntions the siege of Tyre ; as does Megas-
■ tbenes also, in the fourUi book of his Imliaii his-
tory, wherein he pceteiidf to prove that the fore-
mentioned king of the Babyloniahs was supor oe
to Hercules in strength, and the greatness oT his
exploits; for he says that he conquered a great
part of Libya; and conquered Iberia also. INow
as to what I have said before atjout the temple
at Jeru:'alcm, that it was fopght against by the
Babylonians, and burnt by them, bul was opened
aeain when Cyrua had taken the kingdom of Asia,
■ball be now demonstrated from what Berosus
adds furthefeupon that head; for thus he says iii
his third book; " Nabuchodonoscr, after he had
begun to build the forementioned wall, fell sick,
" uid departed this life, when he had reigned forty-
thiee years; whereupon his M>n Kvdmejodach
obtained the kingdom. He governed public_ »l-
iairs after an illegal and impure manner, and had
' • plot laid against him by iVeriglissor, his sister s
husband, and was slain by him when he had
reigned but two years. Ajter he was slam, We-
rigUssor, the person who pfotted against him,
succeeded him in the kingdom, and reigned four
vearsf his ion Laljorosoarchod obtained the king-
dom, though he were but a child, am» kept it nine
months, but by reason of the very i I temper and
ill practices he exhibited to the world, a plot was
laid against him also by his friepds, and be was
■ tormented to death. After his death, the coii-
ipirators got together, and by CTjmmon consent
put the crown upon the head of Nabonnedus. a
man of Babylon, and one who belonged to that
. IMdrrcction. In his reign it was that the walls
" of the city of Babylon were-curiously built wijh
burnt brick and bitumen; but when he was come
to the leventeenth year of his reign, Cyrus came
» out of Persia with agreat army, aiuj having al-
ready conquered all flie rest of As|a. he came
hastily to Babylonia. When Naboniiedu* per-
ceived he was coming to attack him, he met him
with his forces, and joining battle with him Was
beaten, and fled away with a few of his troops
• The rreat Improvement* that Nebuchadrtensr made
h the baildiMS at Babylon, do no way contradict those
ancient anfautheWic teitimonics which ascribe lis first
buiMhig to Nimtod, *nd iui first r?budding to Semiramis,
as Berosaii seems hereto suppose. „. . . ..
t This numtier In Joscphu», that Nehachadneizar dc-
mnjei the temple ia ihe IWh year of his reign, is a
mUtake ia the nicety of chronology; for it Was in the
-»tb-
that
in the seiiuiiii T*'n» V »"ry~-n" , .
dations were -laid, mid it «Vas hmj ,
the second year of UnriWs.t 1 will now ai d the
rtcordsof the IMwniciiiiH; for it wdt not be su-
niffliaous tagive the reader demoiisl rations iirorl
iHao emoigll on this onnsion. In Uiimi we have
this enutiieration of the limes ol [liiir several
kin"Si "iNabuclio(lono>or besieged lyreforthir-
U,?y years, in the d:.v» of llliolwl, iheir king;
after him reignoi Haal, Ha yeara; after hini
were iudgis aitpointcil, who J«i!i;id tin: pioplc.
Kcnibilus, llie sou of Ba^l.icii^ two i.u.iitbs;
Chellxs.tlicsnnol' Aliileiis, tin luonllis; Abbar
the hiffh prii^st, three months Milsouu:' ami (jC
rastratus the tons of Abdelemus wire judges
six vearn; after wliom jUlalorus rni?fl<d one
year- aft.-r Ids death ihev sent anil 1. 1' hi:il Me-
rabalus from Babylon, who reigned four years;
after his death tliey siiit for his brolliir llirojn,
who reiirned twenty years. Under Ins r. i;in.Cy.
rus became kiiii? 6f Persia." So that tbe whole
interval is liUv-four years beoides three months;
for on the seventh ycn1r of the reign of Aebu-
chadneiiar he began to besiege lyre, anil Ly-
ras the Persian took .the kingdom on the lour-
teenth year of Hirom. So that the records of
the ehaWeaiis and TyrianS hgree with our wri-
tings about this temple; anil the testimonies here
produced are an indisputable and uiidenmble at-
testation to the antiquity of our nation. And 1
suppose. that wliat 1 have already said may be
sufficient to such as arc not very ronlenligus.
22. But now it is proper to satisty Ih* uiquifV
of those thatdisbelicve the reconls of Barbarians,
and think none but tireeks to be worthy, of creCt,
and to produce many of these very (.recks w-lio
were acquainted with our nation, and to set be-
fore them such as upon occa-ion have made
mention of ti» in their own writiiigs. lythago-
ras, therefore, of Samos, lived lu very ancient
times, and was esteemed a ntrson superior to a I
philosophers in wisdom and piety towards (jod.
Now it is plain that he did not only know our
doctrines, but was in a very great mMsule a fol-
lower and admirer of Ihrm. Ti'ere is not indeed
extant any writing that is owned Tor his;} but
many there are who have written his history, ot
whom Hermippus is the nnost celebrated, who
was a person very inquisitive, into all sorts, o
history. Now this Hermippus. in his first boon
concerning Pythagoras, speak'thus: '"Ihat ly-
thagoras. upon the death of dnc of his associates,
whbse name was Calliphon, a Crotoniate bv
birth, affirmed that this man's soul conversed
the tenth with that of Eusebius, is voryimrDriain; sojra
had best follow Josephus's own account elscwhcio, Antiq.
B xi. eh. iii. sect. 4, which shows as. that, occotdingtolils
copy of the Old Teslamcol. Sfler the jcruml of CyriM.
IhEt work was intcrruptwi till the second of pjrius, when
ia seven years it was fininhed, un Ihe.mnih of I*i"««- ^
S This is a thing well known by the i<>,tirm'\, IW^
are not sure that wo have any genuino wtilinss of 1 ylha-
iras; those Golden Vithir, which are his best roroainf.
id II I have be o a wrill s n n o t b y h
^The trae number bore.fbrth. W'f,'?!;r.:i''whh i »if lSrr.;!r:rhir,;.l.oi«;s „"ii;. to";p«iieai with
with him botl
not to pais ov
down ; as also
thirst again; i
preaches." A
did and said it
Jews and Thr
his own philoi
ed of this Pyt
of the laws of
Nor was our i
theCireciali 9
thy of imilnti*
clar»(l by The
ing Inwis; fur
TyrianS forQn
"Among whirl
particular!" tl
only licfound
•"b mail may ra
deed was II
qliainted witli
w^ay of his oil
, book concern
' . these : " The
, ■ in their privy
chinns, the K
the Pliteiiiciai
Icstine, conft
Egypliiins. 1
the rivers Th
neighbors th
lately learnei
are the only 1
mankind, lind
thing with Th
tians and Ktl
to say which
this tberefort
the Syrians
cised." But I
that are rin
therefore it 11
enabled liiin
Cherilus* at
. poet, makes 1
us that it cai]
in his expedi
meration of n
ours aniong I
there passed
held, for the
their mouths
tains, near &
thev had re
ana faces we
had been h
therefore, th
Cherilus iiiei
tains are in
is also the li
broader and
Syria: and t
us. But not
" Grecians, bu
admiration I
• Whether t
fal the days o
that were ncai
the Solyinnaa
. broad lake As
■pako the Ph
karnod. It is
bias, Prirp. ix
confess I cnnni
The other Sol;
idolatotH, likn
these ti|)nkn th
the Jews rem
. itelsowhrre.
of the ^lymi
Jewish lake /
iidernhlf n pf
by Xerxes for
very bvorabk
.i.::-i:L
v
AGAINST APION.— BOOK I.
6S7
with htm both night inil day. nnci cnjo>n«(i hinu
not to pun ovet a fUcv wlicn^ nn nm hail fulleu
down; aa ul«o not to dridk iiirh wnt«r(ii«caiiHi'd
thirit agaih; and to abitnin fioni all noitt of re-
nroachis." After which li€ uiliU tiiun: "This he
dill and laid in imitation of tin; iloi:lrini> of th«
Jewii Hn*l Tliraciani, wlili'h ;he truntfrrred into
hit own nhilosophy." For it i> very truly affirm-
«d of this I'ythagoras, that lif took a (fn'at many
of till' lawi of tli(4.J<w| i*to Jii/own philonophy.
Nor wa« our nntit>ft4iHlt|ioH'n oi yid to KctriTiil of
the tUrecian (jltiiiijaml iirdrrd wit* tlioujjht wor-
thy of imilntion by •onii' of tli«\ni. Thi»;i» di>
claridby The^nhraatui, in biK writinp conri'rn-
ing lawii; for lie aayi, "Wm^lhe Ittwa of thf
Tyriiint fr)rQade nun to «w*iir foreign -Daihs."
"Amonp; which he eiiomcratt's aonie other*, and
partirularl" that calli-d Cforban; 'which oath ran
only licfoiiiid ainonc Ihi' Jiwii and drclarea what
<i( man may call a Ihtnff itevoUJ lo <loil. Woi- in«
3e«d was llerodolua of lialicariiaesua unae-
quainti'd with mirjialion, but mentions it after a
^y of bis oMrp. when be auilli thus, in hia arcond
book conni'miiiR the Coicbiaiis. Ilia wordii are
theae: " The oidyj^eopli: wlio were circuniriacd
' in their privv iiicnib«;r» origiiittHv* were the Col-
chinna, tlie Kp^yptiuna, and tbn K.thiopinna: but
the I'biEiiiciaiis.-iiiid those Syriinis tliut lire in f'a-
Icitine, confeKt that they liiiriied it from the
Kgypliana. Aiid fortboac'Syrinns who live alumt
the rivers Tbcriiiodoii and I'lutheniua, and ibilr
neighbora tiio Macronea, llfcv say tbiy have
lately learned it from tlie Colcbiarit; for these
are the only people that are circumciaed auionp
mankind, lincl appear to have done the very aanie
Ihing with The Kppljuna. Hut aa for the Krviv
tlana and Ktliiopiana tbeiiiaelvea, I am not able
to «ay whidi of thein received it from the other."
This tbereloH- is wliat Heroilolus says, "Thitt
the Syriana that are in I'aleatine are circum-
ciaed." "But thrrc are no inhabitants of Palestine
that are circumcised exreptiiiR the Jewa; and
therefore it must be his linoivlidgc of them that
enabled liiin to sp*ak so much concerning them.
Cherilus* also, a still ancienter writer, and_ a
. poet, makes mention of our nation, and informs
us that it caijie to the assistance of king Xervs,
in his expedition against Greece. For in his enu-
DieVation of all those nations, he last of all inserts
oura aiiiong the rest, when be says, "At the last
there passed over a people, wonderful to be be-
held,^ for they spoke the I'hcenician tongue with
their mouths; they dwelt in the Solymean moun-
tmioi, near 5 broad lake: their heads were sooty,
they had ronnd rnsures on theni; their heads
and faces were, like nasty horses' heads also, that
had been hardened in the smoke.",! think,
therefore, that it is evident t" everybody', that
Cherilus means us, because the Solymean iiio"
tains are I
is also the , , _
broader and larger lake tliiin any other that is in
Syria: and thus does Cherilus make mention of
ua. But now, that not only the lowest sort of the
" Grecians, biit those that are had in the greatest
admiration for their pliiloaophic improvements
among them, did not only know the Jewa, but,
when thi-v lighted upon an) oflhem,ailmt.red them
alsoi It iseajy for any one lo know ; for t.'learchua,
who was the sihidar to Aristotle, and inferior to iw
one of till rerii>alelic« whomsoever. In bis iirat
book roncerniiig sleep, says, '.'That Aristotle
hi* master.' relnled what follows of a Jew," and
•els down Arldtotle'a own discourae with him.
The account is this, aa wrilten down by hinil
" Now, for a great part of what this Jew said, it
would be lull long to ri rile it. Uut what iiii'ludr*
in it both wcnnlerand philosoiiby, it Jiijiy not bo
amiss to discourse olV iSow, tliiit I niiiy be plain
with thee, Hyperochides, 1 shall herein seem to
thee to relate wonders, and what will resemble -
dreamt themselves. Hereu|n>n Uyperochiilvs an-
awereil modestly, and said, tor that very reason
ilia that all of ua are very desirous of bearing
what thou art going to siiv. Then, replied Aris-
totle, For this cause it will be the best way to imi-
tate that rule of the rfielnricians, which require!
us. tirstto giveangaccount of the man, and of what
nation bo was, that so we mii\ not eoniradict our
master's directions. Then said llyperochiilet, Go
on', if it so pleases thee, Tbi* man then, [answer-
ed Aristotle,] waa by birth a Jew, miiiI came frolil"
Cirlosyria: these Jews air ili-riviu Irom the Iii-
iliaii philosophers; they are iiuiinil liy the In-
ilian4 Cnlunii, and by the SyriaiHSuila'i.dml took
their mime from the country the_> inhiibil. which
is called Judia; but for the nniiie «i their city it
is a very awkwaril one, fur iIm j mil it Jerusalem.
i\ow this niiin, nhcii he was liospilalily tieated
by a great many, came down Ircmi the upper
coiiiitVy to "the places near the .sen, and becaiiie
a Grecian, liot only in bin bniguu.^e) but in hit
soul a\>o\ insomuch tlmt »U<ii ne' ourselves,
buppeiied to be in Asia about the same places
whither he ciime, he convirsiil ivitli iis, liiid ..
with other philosophieal pei>i>iis, mid iliade a
trial of our skill in philu'-ophy ; and us be bad
lived with many learned nun, he coniiiiiinii'ated
t,o us more infoiiiiation tlinii he reiirvril fr.i.ni
1111." This is Aristotle's account of the multer,-
as given us by Clcarchus; which Aristotle dis-
coursed also particularly of tlie great and won-
derful fortitude of this Jew in his diet, and coit-
tinent way of living, as those that please may
learn more about him from Cleurchua's boojc
itself: for I avoid setting down anymore than ia
suAicieiit for my purpose. Now, Clcarchus said
this by way of digression, for his n>ain design
WAS of another nature. But for llecateus of
Abdera, who was both a ])hilosopher and one
V4iry useful in an active life, he was cobtempo-
raiy with king Alexander in his youth, and nftci-
ward-waa with I'tolemy, the son of Lagusihc
dlfeMt' write about the Jewish afliiirs by the by
»fp|y3^^ coniposed an entire book concerning
• • ' ' ' "^ ' k I am
in onr country, wherein we inhabit, a# the Jews themselves, out of which bool
: lake railed Asphaltitis; for this is a willingto run over a tew tilings, of which I have
' ■ • ■ ■•■ • • |,ecii treating by way of epilonic. And, in the
first place, 1 will demonstrate thi; time when
Ibis llecateus livc.il: for he luentions the light
tbat was between I'loleiny and Denielrius about
Gaia, which was fought on the eleventh year
•Whether Iheso verses of Cherilus, the hoalhiin pnot,
fal Iho days of Xntxis, bitloiiR 19 iho Kilymi in I'isiiJili,,
that were near a small lake, or (o the Jews that dwelt on
iho Rilyinpon or Jetinrali'in niiniiiiains, near t he gri'at anil
broad lake As|ilinhilis, that were a straiij^ people, anil
■pake the Phmnieian tiinpyo, is not airrefd on bv the
learned. It is yet rcrlaiii that Jiisephus here, and Ease-
bius. I'rirp. ix. U. p. 41'J, tisik them to be Jews: and I
coiill'BS I cannot but very much ineliiie to the same cipiniun.
The other Solymi wi^ro not a siraiiso [Kopli!, hut hiKlhen
idolatots, like the other ports lif Xcrxes's army; and that
these spitkn the Phirnipian tohjrue is next to ini|»»Kilile,as
the Jews rcrtainly did : nor is there the Icust I'vidimi-e lor
itclsowhere. Nor was the liike nitjiiiniiis li> the mountains
of the £k>lymi at all large or broad in compiirison of Iho
Jewish luki! Aspliollilis': nor, indeed, wi^re tlipy so con-
itq tho Jf wrt, nnr vi\ likrlv to lie desired
that Iheir heads were sootn ; l/iat thiif had round raevrm
an their heade ; thai their hraiU and fares tHerc like mutf
horaea' headt,»hich had been hanlrned i» Ike imvke: Ihi'so
awkward e Imractirs prohirlilv liiK d the Polymi ofPisidia
no better than Ihi'y did the X wj in Judi a. And, indeid,
thi.H reproiiehfnl bin).'iiui!e licru :;ivi n ilii'sn peopl.-, ij to
nie-a stron;r iiidiratimi tlmt thry nre tlif jsior desiticabte
Jfws, and nut ilie'Pisidinn Ktilymi r<>h-ltrated in Humcr,
whom C'heriluslieri' iliiyriliis; nor are we toex|S'Ct that,
eilhir Cbcrilusor 11, patens, nr uiiy oihir Pacnii writers,
melted by Jo^U'pbus and Euprhias, mnili- n»niisiakr>s in the
Jewish histuty. If, by eiimpiirin^ their testimonies with
the more autlicniic reeordsnribat nation, we find them for
the main, to i-onfirm th»^ same, as we almusi. always do. wo
ought 10 tie satisfied, and imi I'xiiert that thev ever .had an
exaet knowledge of all the eirrumstann-s of tin* Jewish
affairs, which, iiideid, it \viis almost always impotsibla for
tltl°'"''r " [■""I'l" "» "■" "■"- ""r s" "Ki'" 1" >«• ■"■'■"'!U aiiuiir., will..... ..m.. , .., .. ■....
by Xerxes for his ormyas the Jews, towhimihewaa always them to have. Boo sect. Sa
mrybvorable. As for the rest of Cherilut'a description.
;^
tv ; -7}
■ ''wf' ;
•^as
FLAVIU8 J0SEPHU8
!-^v:
after tlia death of Alexander, and on Iha hun-
dred and leTCnleenth olympiad, at Caitor in^i
in hh hUtory. Kor when he had let down ihii
olympiad, h« layi further, "That on this olyni-
£iad Ptolemy, the aun of Lngua, beat in battle
lemctrius, the ion of Aniigonui, wtiowat named
Poliorcetei, at Gaia.V Mow, it i> agreed by all,
that Alexander died on the hundred and four-
teenth olympiad: it i* therefore evident that
our nation Aouriihed in hit time, and in the time
of Alexander. Again, Hecateuatay* to the lame
purpote, ai followa: " Ptolemy eot posseaaion
of the places in Syria aft<:r that battle at Uaia;
and many, wMn they heard of Ptoleniy'a mode-
ration and humanity, went along with him tdi
Kgypt, and wer^ willing to aaaiat him in hia af-
fairs; one of whirli (Hecateua aaya) waa Heie-
kiah,*, the high priest of the JeWa, a man of about
titty-six years of age, and in great dignity
among his own people. He was a very sensible
man, and could speak very movingly, and was
*ery skilful in the management of anairs, if any
other man ever were so; although, as. he saya,
all the priests of the Jews took tithes of the pro-
ducts of the earth, and managed public uflairs,
and ivere in number nut above fifteen hundred at
the most." Hecateus mentions this Hezekiah a
second time, and says, that, " aa he was po!9<!«sed
of so great a dignity, and was become familiar
with us, to did he take certain of those that
v/ere with him, and explained to them all the
circumstances of their people; (or he had all'
their habitations and polity down in writing."
Moreover, Hecateus declarea again, " what re-
i;urd We have for our laws, anil that we resolve
to endure any thing rather than tranajgreaa them,
because we think it ri?ht for us to do ao."—
/Whereupon he adda, that " although tliey arein
• bad reputation auiong their neighbpra, and
among all thoae that come to them, and have
been often treated injuriously, by the kings and
gOTernors of Persia, yet cii'n they not be dis-
adaded from acting but what they think best;
but that when they are stripped on this account,
and have torments inflicted upon them, and they
•re brought to the most terrible kinds of death,
thfy meet them after an extraordinary mannea,
beyond all other people, and will not renounce
the religioD of their forefathers." Hecateus also
produces demonstrations not a few of this their
resolute tenaciousness of their laws,-whert he
apeaks thiis: " Alexander was once at Babylon,
and had an intention to rebuild the temple of
Belus (hat was fallen to decay, and in order
thereto, he commanded all his soldiers in gene-
ral to bring earth thither; but the Jews, and
they only, would not comply with that com-
mand ; nay, they underwent stripes and ereat
losses of what they had on thisaccounti till the
■ king forgave them, a.id permitted them to live
in quiet. He adds farther, " That whan the
Macedonians came to theni into that country,
>and demolished the [old] temples and the altars,
they assisted them in demolishing (hem all;t but
* This Hezekiah, wjio is hero ealled a high priest, is not
named in Josojihus'scatalogae; the real hi^ priest at
that Ume beiof rather Onias, as Archbishop Csliei sup-
noseif>HoweTer, Joaepliaii ohen uses the word high priest
I'.i the plural number, as living nianjr at the same time>
Bee the note on Aniiq. B. n. ch. Viii. sect. 8.
t So I read the text with Havercamp, though the place
be difficult.
X This number ofarourie or Egyptian acres, 3,(MO,000,
each aronra containing; a squire of 100 Efryptian cubits,
(being about three quarters of an Englidi acre, arid jpst
twice the area of tbo court of the Jewinh Isbernacle,) as
eoritained in the country ofJudca, will b« about one third
of the entire number of arourn ill tlie wliole land of Ju-
dea, supposing it IGO meaanred miles lon^, and 70 such
miles broad; whii;h CRiimstion for the fruitful parts of il,
aa, perhaps, here in llecaleus, ia not, therefore, verjrwide
from the truth, The So nirlongsin compass for the nit*
Jerusalem presently, are Imt very wide from the truth
also, as Josephus himself dsictibes it. who, Of the War,
[for not assisting them in rebuilding themj titey
either iin<lerwenl losses, or soinetinica o>>tained
forgiveness." tie adds farther, "That these
men deserve to ba admired on that account."
He alao speaks. of the mighty populousncss of
our nation, and says, "That the Persians for-
merly carried away many ten thousands of our
people to Babylon, as also that not a few ten
thouanmtt were removed after Alexander's death
into Kgypt and Phicnicia, by reason of the sedi-
tion that was arisen in Syria." The same per-
son takes notice in hia hiatory how large the
country is in which we inhabit, as well aa of its
excellent character, and says, " That the land
in which the Jews inhabit contains three milliona
of arourae,! and ia generally of it moat excellent
and moat fruitful soil; nor is Judea of lesser di-
mensions." The same man describes our city
Jerusalem also itself, as of a roost excellent
structure, and very large, and inhabited from
the moat ancient times. He also discourses of
the multitude of men in it, and of the construc-
tion of our temple, after the following nianheir:
"There are many strong places and villageil
(says he) in the country of Judea; but one strong
city t)iere is, about fifty furlongs in circumfe-
rence, which is inhabited by a hundred and twen-
ty thgusand men, or thereabout:} they call it -
Jerusalem. There is, about the middle of the
city,, a wall of stone, whose length is five hun-
dred feet, and the breadth a hundred cubits, with
double cloiaters; wherein there ia a square altar,
not made of hewn atone, but composed of white
stones gathered together, having each side tiven-
ty cubits long, aniTita altitude teif cubits. Hard
by it it% large edifice wherein, there is an altar
and a candlestick both of gold, and in weight
two talents: upon these there ia a light that it
never extinguiahed, neither by night nor by day.
There ia Mo image, nor any thing, nor any dona-
tions therein : nothing at all is there planted, nei-
ther grove, nor any thine of that sort. The priests
abide therein both nights and daya, performing
certaih purifications, and drinking not the least
drop of wine while they are in the temple."
Moreover, he attests, that we Jews went as aux-
iliaries along with king Alexander, and after him
with hit successors. 1 will add farther what be
tayi he learned, when he was himself with the
tame army, concerning the actioni of a man
that wat a Jew. Hit wordt. are these: " Aa I .
was myself going to the Red Sea, there follow-:
ed us a man whose name was Mosollam: he wat
one of the Jewish horsemen who conducted i|t;
he was a person of great courage, of a ttrong
body, and by all allowed to be the most tkilfiil
archer that wat either among the Greeks or bar-
barians. Mow, this man, as people were in great
numbers patting along the road, and a certain
augur wat observing an augury by a bird, and
requiting them all to stand still, inquired what
they staid for. Hereupon the augur showed hitn
the bird from whence he took his augury, and
told him, that if the bird ttaid where be was,
B. V. ch. iv. sect. 3, makes its wall 33 furlongs, besides tha
suburbs and gardens; uay, ho says, B. v. ch. zii. sect. S,
that Titus's wall about it at some small distaaoe, after tba
gardens and suburbs were destroyed, was not leia than 3!t
lurkmga. Nor, perhaps, were its constant inhabitants ill
the days of iieeateua many more than these ISO,OUO, ba-
rauie room waa always *o Iw left for vastly greater nmn*
bera which caq^e up at the three great festivals ; to say
nothing uf the probabln incrcaae in their number between
the days of Hecateus and Josephus. whicrh waa at leail
300 years. But sec a moru authentic account of some of'
these measures in m^ dearriplioh of the Jewish templeB.\
Howevvr, wo are not to expect that such heathens asChe-
tilus, or Hecateus, or tlio rest that are cited by Joeephna
and Euaebius, could avoid making many mistakes iu the
Jewish history, while yet they strongly confirm the sama
histor) in the general, and are the most valuable attesta-
l iu i islu thu ae mut e autlie ii iic atcuunts we ha ae ^in t h e
they ought nil I
up and llcw nn\
that if he llci
ngiiin. Moaolli
bow, unil shot «
him; and as t
very aiigry, ant
be nnswiTrd ih
as III tiiku till
hanils? Iiir how
. inluriiiation to
not foresee hoH
able to forc'kni)
have roiiic to
ttfriiid lest Mosi
niid kill liini.'
wc have said i
to kniiw more
thciii from lii'i I
thiiil< it too III II
us liuvinij; iiiiiil
way of licrisioi
it to be; for wl
fairs of Striitoi
donia into Syri
US, whili! vi't I
(die exprclcil, I
un arniv at Bat
Anliduli; uiid
iinck, and upor
ScU'urin, mill
ininiediHCily, }
whicii forbade
and put to de
jircniiscd this i
iiiCu for licr SI
pic of whiit }
writes thus; '
who dwell in
cities, 'Which t
are ace u!^ tonic
ou which "time
nor meddle wi
of any ullairs i
in their holy
Now it came
ton of I<ngus,
that these >\\tt
theirs, instead
- country to sub
lawt was ope I
foolish practif
men but the
these were, an
gestions delivi
tainty of hun
what theysho
tceiiis a ridic
will appear tc
dice a great
many encoiui
constantly pr
and their reli|
servation of t
23. Now, I
^^^ mention oyr
thing of us, I
tome other i
demonstrate
nymut, who 1
successort, li<
and was a fi
dent of Syrii
wrote Bo.enti
jronymut nev
though he wi
where we livi
are the ihclin
we deserved,
* A glnrinutl
Scriptures and Josejilius coneemin*g
f Be* the preceding note.
/
tbsm.
bath by tbo Jei
nct.Sl-Oftnel
t Not their k
'(&.
AGA^ST APK)N.-.n()OK 1.
58P
therouelit nil to itnnd Hill; Imt Hmt if h* gnt , illdi.imHK! (.aHion bliiiJcil llin ollier't mind iO
«n«n.l lUw onivard. they mu.l «.. li.r.varil, but [ <.,itir.lv. li.ut h<; cul-l Hot ili,.<rii t1i« truth,
that if he ll<:w bmkwa:il. tli.y iiiii^l rilir.' ; Awd nmv • .rfivuily tin: (..r<|{i.iii«J-K""l» ul the
I,
h
iat if he llfw brnkwanl. tli.y iiiu^l rilir.' ' \m\ nmv • .rfivuilv' U» l>T<|{i.ins rt«-..ni» ui mo
enin. Mosclla.ii made no rei.l}", Imt ilrcw hi* ] l+rypiiaiis aii»K»:iia).l.an«. uii.l l'h<iMiinnn., lo-
ow anil sliot Ht tliu binl.aiui hit hini,-iiii(l killnl | it'llif »*'>l' »'* J»"»> "• "'" <'"''' writtr., wiu
.,iai' anil «» thu augiir ami some nlhris « fie I lit niillici'iit for tlm cli iiioinlrati.jii (>l our Brttl-
verv' ailirrv. and wished iniiTKalion! iipun him, ! iinilv, Moruoitr, ln>nl«.» thu-"' lurt iiii htmncd,
he answered iheni thnii! " Why are yoii m mad ; i'lreoiihihiH. and Theod.itui, lUid Wn»».., mill
t(i lake this must uuliaiipy bird into your i Ari»l.i|ilianis. mid lit rmnseiiii., Kuluinirus alsa.
V .. .■ I ...'. .1.:. I.: . . .-: «...»! I f^.i.^.. un.l '/i.m, rum. mill ii'i'rhillil niall%
handj? liir how can this liini •^iyi; \i» any tru<
inlurni^ation concerning dnr march, wlni could
not foresee how to save him»tlf; fur had he been
able to foreknow what was tulHre, he would not
have ro<ne to tliis place, but would have been
afraid lest Mosollani the Jew glioidd shoot at liiui
nmJ kill hini." Ilui of llecateus's tCKliuionies
we have said enou(?h; for as to such as desire
tp know more <if tlieiii, they iimy ea-iiy obtain
them from his book itself, l'loivev< r, I shall not , , ,. ,, » ....
think it t<io inuch forme to name A(;nthiiiiliides, J wjth Ku|>olenii
us havinj;; niaclo inention of us Jeus, tlioui,'h in I truth about oi
.. „1* .1 '. .: ..« ».>H 4iii>k>>li,.il,- flu )ij> aliitlKlMt'M jiiafl-lll I ttc ri'll ,ri
and (.unnii, and /,o|i)riou, and |ierlia|i» iiiaiiy
others, (for I have not linhti<i iijion ail the (ireelc
books,) have iiiaite ilmtinct iiii iilioh of Us. It i»
true, many of tlie men liefure uieiitioned have
made prciU mistulves about the true uci ounts of
our nation in the i ;ulii st liiii<s, because thfy
had not |ieni»ed our siU red books; yet have they
all of ih( III Mlloroed tli. ir tesliinoii) to our aiill-
(luity, concerning which lam now treating. Ilow-
ever, Dimrtrius I'hal. reus, and (he elder I'hilo,
us, have not greatly mimed the
air idiair*; wins"' lesser mislnken
us havinj; niacIo mention ol us Jeus, inoui;n in truth niiout our uiia..„,
way of derision at our simjilicity, as he sujiposesTought therefore to be I'orKiviu tlieni; lor it wa»
it to be; for when he was dlscoursinn of the af- , not in their power to unJei stand our writingi
fairs of Stratonicc," how she came out of Mace- ' with the utmost accuracy. ■ . u
(lonin into Syria, and left her husband IJ.Miielii- | iA. (>m> particular there is still ruiiBinih); be-
u«, while vet heleucus would not marry her a» ' hind oJ what I at first proposed to suiak to, aiici
she exnrcied, but, d^irin;; the time of his raisin- I that is to demonslrale ifnil those cahinmies uiiU
an afniv at Bahvlop, stirred up a sedition about reproadhei, whiclr some have thrown upon our
UiltlllllT nt Mjai/j M\j^t «■■■•,-" "1' —
Anliduii; and how, after that; the king cauu
iiack, and upon his lakiu;j of Antiocli, she lied to
Seleurin, mid had it in her power to sail away
iniinediatiiy, yet did iihii comply with a dieaiii
which forliade herso to dofhind so was can^jht
onri put to death." When Agatharehides liiid
premised this story, and had jisted iipini SUuito-
nide for her sUiierstition, he giv.s a like exam-
ine of what was re|)oited concerniiiir us, and
writes thus; "TlH're are a people tMllcd Jews,
who dwell in a city the strongest of all othir
cities, ■which the inhabitanis call Jerusalem, and
are accustomeJ to rest oa every aeyeuth day;'
ou which limes they make ho use of their uriiis,
nor meddle with their husbandry, nor take care
of any allairs of life, but siifcad out their hands
In their lioly places, and pray till the tveiiing.
Nov/ it came to pass, thai when I'loleniy, the
son of I.ngus, came into this city with his army,
that these ipen, in obiterviiig this mad custom ol
theirs, instead of puardiiig the city, sufl'ered their
- country to submit Itself to a bitter lord; and their
lavvt was openly proved to have cgiumanded a
foolish practice. This accident taught all other
iueu but the Jews to disregard sitcn dreams as
these were, and not to follow, the hke idle sug-
gestions delivered as a law, when in such ^*^-
tainty of liiiinan reasonings, they are at a'Sw
what theyshoulJ do." Mow this our nrocedulfe
seems a ridiculous thing to Agath-.irchides, bitt
will appear to such us consider it witli6ut preju-
dice a great thing, and what deservii<l a greiit
many encomiuinS; I mean, when cef^ain uicii
eoDstanlly prefer the observation of liieir |iiws,
and their religion towards (iod, before the pre-
servation of themselves ahd their counlrvi
23. Now, that some writers have oiuiftted to
^^^ mention oyr nation, not because they^new no-
thing of us, but because they envied ils, or for
some other unjustifiable reasons, I thiillk I can
demonstrate by particular instances^ fo^ Hiero-
nymus, who U(nte the history of [Alexander's]
successors, li^ at the sanw, time with llepateus,
and was a friend qf kiujj Anligonus, and'^rcsi-
tlent of Syria. Now it is plain, that Hecateus
wrote an.entire book concttjiing V'' '1'''''* "'^*
ronyniiis never mentions us* in his historyS-, al-
though he was bred up very near to the places
where we live. Thus ditl'crent frohi one another
are the inclinations of men ; while the one thought
iiaVion, nrc lies, and to niake use of those writers
(ivvii testimonies a(i;ninst iheiiiselvi.s-, and that, in
i;eui ral, this self-coiitnidiction liath happened tp
iiiauy other authors, by rtuson of their ill-wiU to
some people, 1 conclude Is not iiiikuuvvn to such
us have read histories wilii sullicieiit care; lor ,
some of them have endcavoreit to j|isgrace the
nobility of certain 'nations ^aiid of soine of the
most glorious cities, and have cast reproaches
upon certain forms of govcrnnieiit. Thus liath
1 hiiipompus abused the city of Athens, Foly-
cratcs that of Lacedemon, us hath he that wrote
the 'I'ripoliticus, ^fur he is not 'riieo^iompus, as is
supposed by some) done by the city of Thebes.
Tiiueus also liath greatly abusiil the foregoing
iieople and others also: and this ill treatment
they Use chielly when they have a contest vvitU
men of the greatest reputation; Some out ol ••"7
and malice, and others, as supposing that, bjf thi*
foolish talking of theirs, they may be thought
worthy of being remembered theiyselves: and
indeed they do by no nieans fail ol their hojies.
with reitaril.lo the foolish |Mirt of mankind, but
men of sidier judgment still condemn tlieni of,
great malignity.
25. jMow the, Egyptians were the first that cast
reproaches upon us; in order to please which
nation, some others undertook to pervert the
truth, while they would neither owii that our
forefathers came into Kgypt from another toun-
ioreiaiiiers i-uiiic iiiiw jjj,j|', ••vm- «..«— — —
try, as the fact was, nor give a true account of
our dejiarture thance. And indeed the Kgyp-
tians took many occasions to hate us and envy
us; in the first plate, because our aiicestorst had
had the dominion over their country, and when
they were delivered from them, and gone to their
own country again, they lived there in pros-
perity. In the next place, the dWerence ol our
religion from theirs hath occasioned great en-
mity between Us, while our way of divine wor-
ship did as much exceed that which their law*
appointVd, as does the nature of God exceed that
of brute beasts; for, so far do they all agree
through the whole country, to esteem such ani-
mals as gods, although they differ one from ano*
ther in the peculiar worship they sevelrally pay t >
them. And certainlv menthiy are, entirely of
vain and foolish miiuls, who have thus accustom-
ed themselves from the beginning to have such
aretne mciinaiionsoi men; ...... ...^ -..> . 6- i bad notions concerning thiir gods, ""1 '"l''' »";»^
we deserved ti> be carefully- leiiienibered, some think of imitating that decent lorm ol divine wor-
» A | rWin..fiB.iimnnylhi.ofilicol.srrvalionofthe Sab- jtlioir leaders, which ntiilhcrtha Maccabees noroatlileiie*
iHth bv ih« Jews. (Sue Antiii.* xvi.eli. ii.«'Cl.4; oh. VI, 1 tjuviourdiil ovit aii|inivi! o|. ' ~ ' .
Stt ^Of tlie Ufo. S; t. 54 a!.d VVur.U. iv.ch. ix. «ict. 13. [ J Tk. I'lnniiciaii »l.e.,l...r.Is. whom Jjjephu. mistock
t Not their law, but the BuiKjrstitioumutcrnretatiou of i fui Uie brauhtcs. Bof the >«>» on sect. lit.
ml
-'"si
Kl
590
fLAVIUS JOSEPIIUS
ibip whicb we mad* utt of, though, when lh«y
WW our inititiitiont approved of by many iithcri,
thay could not hut envy uaonthHt account; for
acme of them havit liroCeeUetl to that degree of
folly and nieanneM in their conduct, at not to
temple to contradict their own niiciftnt recurdi,
nay, to contradict iheiunelvci nUo in their wri-
tinga, apd yet were to blinded by their patiioDi
at not to ducern it.
36. And now I will turn my ditcoun* to one of
their principal writeri, whom I have a little be-
fore made use of at a witnett to our antiquity ; I
uiean Manetho,* He oromiicd to interpret the
Kgyplian hittory but of their tacred writingt,
and premited thii: that, "oqf people had come
into Egypt, many ten tbouiandt in number, and
lubducd iti inhabilantt;" pnd when he had far-
ther cuufeiited, "That wa went out of tUiit cpun-
.. try aftt^rnard, and tettlcd in that country which
it now refilled Judeq, and there biiilt Jerutalem
«nd iit temple." Now tha^far hie followed hit
ancient record! : but after thit he permit^ him-
tt-lf, in order to appear to have written what ru-
niori and reportt patted abroad about the J4:wi,
and introducct incredible narrationt, at if he
would have the Kgyptian multitude, that had the
■ (eproty and other Jitttnipcrs, to have been mixed
with ut, at he tayt they were, and that th«y
were condenmed to fly out of Kgypt together;
for he mentiont Amenophii, a Bctitioiit king'i
name, though on that account he diirtt not tet
down the number of yeart of hii reien, which
Aet he had accurately done at to the other kingi
. ne mentiont; he then ptcribei certain fabulout
ttorietto thit king, at having in a manner for-
gotten how he had already related, that, the de-
Bartur* of the ihepherdt lor Jerutalem had been
B»e hundred anu eighteen years before ; for
Tethmotia was king when they went away. Now,
from hit d»yt, the .reigna of the intermediate;
' kingi, BCCordii(|; to Manetho, amounted to three
hundred ninety-three yrara, at he tayt hinitelf,
till the two brothen, Sethot and Hermeut; the
one of which, Sethot, wai called bv that other
'name of Egyptut, and the other, Hermeut, by
that of Danaut. He alto tayt, that Sethot catt
the other' out of Ejjpt, (flw reigned fifty.nine..
o jreart, as did his eldest tbn Rhampses reign aflei*
i\m iixty-tix yeart< When Manetho therefore
haa acknowledged, that our forefathert were
■ cone out of Egypt to many yeors ago, he intro-
ducea hit fictitious king Amenophit, and tayt
thjft: " This king was desirous to Decome a spec-
tator of the gods, as hiid Orus, One of hit prede-
cetton in that kingdom, desired the same before
° him; he also communicated that his desire to hit
nametakc Amehophis, who was the soil of Papit,
^ and one that teemed to partake of a divine na-
'.> iure, both as to. Wisdom and the knowledge of
futuritiea." Mapetho adds, " howtliit namesake
of bit told him, that hk might see the gods, if he
• would clear the whohe country of the lepert and
of the other impure people; that the king was
' pleated with thit injunction, and got together all
that had any defectYn their bodiet out of Egypt,
and that their number, was eighty thousand;
whom be tent to those qnatriei which werfe on
the eatt aide of the Nile, that they might work in
them, «nd might be leparatetK from the rett of
the Egyptiani." He aayt Turther, that "there
were aome of the learned priesta thitt were pol-
luted with the leprosy; but that t^iH thit Ame-
Bophia, the.wite man and the prophet, wu afraid
. thatthegodi'would be angry atBim and atthe
* In readingthia,and the lemaialngieetiontof tGlabook,.
and aome nrta of the next, one mayeoaily porceiv^ that
Mt ninaltf cool and candid autheir Jotcphut was too higli-
T oflended with the impudent ckluqinieaof MtnethOvand.
the other bitter eitemioa of the Jewt.with ^tiom he had
king, if there thould appear to have been vio-
lence offered them ; who also adde<l thit further,
[out of hit tHgarity 'hbout futuriliet,] that certain
i>eople would conio to the nttitlance of ihete
polluted wretchrt, and Would conquer Egypt,
and keep it in tlu'ir posteatiun thirteen yeara:
thai, however, he durst not teH the kingoOhete
tliinga, but that ho left n writing behind him
about all thot^^ maltert, and then ticw himtelf
which made the king ditconaolate.". After which
,he writea Ihua verbHtiiu: " After those that were
aenl to work iiulhe quarries hud Continued in
that miserable state for a long while, tlie king was
detired that he would act «par\ the city Avarii,
which wA then left desolate of the thephcrdti
for their habitation aiid protection; which desire
r h r at
now 10 deairand wit Ihurebybeliayed iiilu a )|irtlei
and passion thhn ordinary, and that by consequence be
doeihot here reainm with bit usual fairncas and impar-
tiality: he teems to deport sometiinet from the brevity
tod tmcerily of a failbfhl historian, which is hit (rand
he granted them. Now this city, according to
the Uncient theology. Was Typhos't eitY._ But
when these men were {rotten into it, ami found
tlie place fit for a revolt, they ap|)hinted them-"
selves a ruler out iif 'Ihc prieatt of Heliopolia.
whote name wat Usariiph, and they took, their
oatht that they wonid be obedient to him in all
thingt. He then, in the firsk place, made thit
law for them, that they thould neither worship
the Kigyptiart godt, nor thould abstain from any .
Onu of those tacred animals- which they hove .in
the highett esteem, but kill and destroy them all;
that they jhooW join themtelvet to liobodj' but to
thorn! that were of thit confederacy. When he
hod made such laws at these, andi many more
tuch at w*er« mainly o^potite to the cuttomt of
the Egyptiant,+ he gave order, that they should
use the mvUitudeof the handt they hod in buihl-
ing vin\U about their city, nnd make thenrtelvef
ready for a war with king Amenoiihit, while he/
did himself take into his frieiiUsliip the othei
priests, and thoac that were pollutecf with th«mv
and sent ambastadora to thoae ahenherdt who had
been driven out Of the land by 1 ethmoaia to the*^
city colled Jeinisalem; whereby he informed^hei^
of his own affairs, and of the state of those others ,
thot had been treated after auch an ignominious
manner, and desired that they would come with
one consent to hit assistance in thit war against
Egypt. He also promised thht he would in the
first place, bring them back to their ancient city ,
and country Avaris, and prbvidfe a plentiful main-
tenance for their multitudd ; that he Would protect
them and fight forthfcni at Occation should re-
quire, and would easily «;duce the country under ,
their dominion. Thete lliepherdt were all vety
glad of thit metsage, and cam«»way with alacrity
all together, being in number two hundred thou^
sand men; and .jn a little time they came to-
Avoritt And now Amenophit, the king of Egypt,
upon hit being informed of their invation, wat in -
great confusion, ae calling to mind what Ameno-
phia,„the ton of I'apia, hod foretold bini: and,
in the first place, he assembled the multilude
of the Egyptio#8, and took counsel with their
leaders, and tent for their aacred animals to him,
especially for those that Were principally wor-
tbipped in their temples, and gave a particular
Charge to the priests distinctly, that they thould
bide the imaget of their godt with the utniott
care. He- alto sent bit jK>n Sethot, who wat alto
named Rametset, from hit father Rhamptes,
being but five yeart old, to a friend of hit. He
then paM<!<> on "'"•> ^" t" **'' '''* Egyptiant,
being thiwe hundred thouUhnd of Jhe inott war-
like of them, againtt the enemy, who met theiu.
Yet did he not join battle with them; but think-
ing that would be to fight againtt the godt, be
cbataeter, and indulget the proliiity and *6lora of a
pleader and a diapaUnt: accordingly, I Confeai lalwtyt
read thete lectionB with Iciti pkasure than I do the rett of
'his' writingt, though I fully believe the reproaches eoatoa
the Jewa, which bo her«endeavor« tu ronfuteand expoan-
were W holly groun d h'st a nd unre n tnn a hle .
, reaaon of t
~ ^(fproty? fo
tThia it a very vaioable testimony of Manetho, that
the laws of Oaarsipli or Motes were not made in emi|i<>-
ance with, but in oppoiition to the castoma of th» Egyp-
litni., Htatbenotf «nAnti(|. C. iii. ch. v(ir.teet.*. ^
W-
AOA'lNSt APION.-BOOK I
601
D VIO-
rthf.r.
ertain
' thrtt
yf.tin;
thMr
a him
■Hiielf
wliich
I were
ucd in
ngwn» '''
\vBrii,
jherilii
I drsira
"%::;
found
thrni- "
iopuri*.
k. their
n in all
de thia
vorship
Jill any
have in
em all;
y but to
hen he
y more
lonia of,
should
n build-
nitelver
rhite he.y
e othei
h th<!m,
who had
ii to the 4
ed^hen%
e others
iminiout
me with
a^inst
d in the
lent city
ul main-
I protect
ould re-
ry under ,
all Very
Alacrity
ed thbU'f
ranie tO'
if Egypt,
n, wai in "
Ameno-
ini: ^nd,
lultilude
ith their
■ to him,
iHy wor-
Mrticular
ly ahould
e utmost
was alto
hampsea,
hi>. He
gyptians,
loat war-
let them,
ut^tbink-
godi, be
xdort of a
■ lalwaya
theicitof
:he> eait oa
■nd ezpoa^tr
letho, that
i in eomiili-
-thaEgyp-
nets.
I
lent for to hiin, and nrciiiitly iiiai'chrd into , .atate aUii, how i» it poM
ioiii«, loKelher with hit whole aniiv and niut- *d togelher in mie <l»y1
ill! of KKvp*i«n«. for the Jling of Kthiopia waa not to coiiiiily wiKtl the
gone
, hi< iiumc wna chang«<l, and
rtturiied bitli and e*mt to ^emphia, where he
took Apia and the other la^redntlimnli which he
had It ' ■ " - -' - ■-'■•■'="•■•
Ethio
t»(ud«ol KKvpii _ .
under uii ubiigntion to him, un Wlilrli account he
received hini, and look care of all the multitude
that waa with him, while the country aupplicd all
that wKii oeceiaary for the food of tne men. lie
aUo allotted citim and villngn for Ihii exile,
that waa to bo from its beginning during those
fatailv determined thirteen years. Moreover he
pitched a Cfimp for his Kthiopiaii army, as a |;uard
to king Anienophia, upon tli«- borders of Kgyut.
And tins was lliv slate of things in Ktbiiypia. Uut
for the propic of Jerufnlem, when they came
down together wilh the polluted Kgyptiahs, they
treated the men in such • barbarous nianper, that
those who saw how they subdued the furenien-
tioned country, and the horrid wickedness they
were guilty of, thought it a most dreadful thing;
for thev did notortly set the cities and vilhiges on
fire, but were not satislitd till they had been
Kuilly of saci'ilegc, anil destroyed the images of
UiegoiU, mid used thenljin^roasting of those sa-
crecT animals that used, to bp worshipped, and
forced the priests and prophets to be the execu-
tioners and murderers of thdse animals, and then
ejected theiu naked out of the country. It was
at
poli
and
god of Mclioi
over to these people,
he was called Moses."
27. This is what the Egvptiani relate about the
Jews, with much more, j^li'ich I omit for the Sake
of brevity. Uut still Manetho goes on, that " aft
ter this Ahicnophis returned back from Kthiopia
with a great army, aa did his son Rliampses with
abother army also, and that both of theni joined
battle witij the shepherds and the pplluled (ieb-
*ple, ami blat them, and- slew a great nianjr of
them, and pursued them to the bounds of Syria."
I'besc and the like accounts are written by Ma-
netho. Uut I.will demonstrate that he trifles,
•Ad tells arcant lies, after I have made a diitinc-
tlon<wbich will relate to what I ani going to say
' about him; fur this Manetho had granted and
confessed that this nation was not originally
Egyptian, but that they had come from another
- country, and subdued Egypt, and then wciit away
again o«t of it. Uut that those Egyptians who
were thus diseased , in their bodies were opt roin-
tlcd with us afterward, and that Moses who
rought the people out, waa ■"»' °M* °^ '''■' F"'"'
pany., but lived many generations earlier, I shall
endeavor to demonst^te from Manetho's own
w accounts themselves.
. '28. Now, for. the first QFcasion of this fiction,
S Manetho supposeg what if no better than a rldi-
f culous thing; for he says, that " kiiig Am<?hophi8
" desired'to see the gods." What gods, I pray, did
he desire to seel .If he meant Use gods whom
their laws ordained to be worshipped ,^the ox, the
roat, the crocodile, and the baboon, he saw them
alreaily; bat for the heavenly gods, how could
he lee them, and what should occasion this his
desire? To be sure,* it waa -because another
kitlg before him had already seen theni. He had
,^tben been informed what sort of gods they wejre,
'^««nd aft*r what manner they had been teen, ifl-
.' aomuch that he did not staiid in need of any new
artifice for obtaining, this sight. However, this
■ prophet, by whose means the' king thought to
(ompasa bis design, was a Wise mun. If lo, how
«ame he not to know that such his desire was
impossible to be accomplished? for the event did
net iucceedv ' And what pretence could there be
to suppose that the god^. could hot be seen by
faction of bodies, but at wickeil praelirrs: and
as to eJKhl^ thousand Uners, and those, in an ill
issible to have ihrin gather-
nny, how came the kin|p
prophet? fur his injunc-
tion WHS, tliut those that Were maimed should b«
cxiwlled out efKnpt, while the king only sent
them to work in-llie quarries, as if ne were ra-
ther in want of laborers, than intended to purga
hit country. He says further, that "this nro-
phet slewliimself, at foreseeing the auger of the
gods, and those events' which were to comeuiioo
Egypt afterward ; and that he left this prrdictioii
fur the king in writing." " Besides, how canie it
to pass, that this prophet did not foreknow l)it
pwn death at the firnf? nay, how. came he not to
contradict the king in his desire to see the godt
imiUediatcly ? how came that unreHionabtc dread
upon him of juilgmenls that' were not to happen
in hit fifctime; or what worse thing could ha
sufler, 'au\ of fear of which he made haste to
kill himself? Uiit now l<'t us see the sillicil
thing of all; the kin|;,although-he had heeninr
forme<l of these things, and terrified with the ^
fear of what was to come, yet did not he even
then eject these maimed people out of his roun- ■
try, when it Jiad been foretold him that he was
to clear Egypt of them; but, as Manetho snyt,
"lie then, upon their reiiue«t, gnvc them tliat'
. . . .! ...... , , , I ^g
waton of the people ' s niaitns in thei r bodies, urT yet certainly, wh e n they w ere come out of
~ ^ leproty? for the gods are not angry at the iiftper- mines," and had received of the l^ng a city a
^ ^ • Or By Jiipiter. I country, they would have grown ""Uer tow
■y- - ... k ■ . '^ ' ■.-..-.., :.■
opplisf and that this priest first ordained, that
thev ahould neither worship the gods, nor ab- ■
sfttn from those uuinials ffint were worshipped -
by the Egyptians, but 'should kilt and eat thtsiit
all,iind sTiouhl associate with nobody but those
that had conspired with tliein ; and that he bound
the multitude by oaths to be sure to continue inr
those laws; anil that when he had built a wall
about Avafia, ho made war ogoinst the king."
^InnethO adds also, that " this priest sent to Je-
rusaleni to invite that people to come to his assist-
ance, and propiised to give them Avaris; for that
it had belonged ti» the forefather* of those that
were coming Iroin Jerusalem ; and that when they
were come, they madea wafinimedialely against
the king, and got possession of all Egypt.",--'He
aaysalsor that "the Egyptians came with an
army of two hundred thousand men, and that
Ameiiophis, the king of Egypt. not thinking thit
he ought to fight against the gods, ran av^uy pre-
sently into Ethiopia, and committed Apis and
certain other of their sacred miini;iU, tu the
priests, and coiimianded them to take care of
preserving thciii." He tayt farther, that "the
iieople of Jerusalem came accordingly u\Toa the
Egyptians, and overthrew their cities, and burnt
their temples, and slew their horsemen, and in
short abstained from no sort of wickedness nor
barbarity: and for fhat priest who settled their
polity and their laws." he says, "he was by^
birth of lleliopolis, and his name waa- Osarsiph,
from Osiris the god of Hchopolis, but that h*
changed hi* name and called himself Mo<>et."
He then tays, that " on the thirteenth year af-
, terward, Amenophis, accor<ling to the fatal time
of the duration . of his niisfortunet, came upon
them out. of Ethiopia with a great army, and
joiiiing battle with Itie shepherds ^nd with the
polluted j>eople, overcaiiie them in battle, and^^
slew a great many of them", and pursued them a* '
far as the bounds of Syria," ' *
29. Now Alanefho does not reflect upon the'im-
probabilityof his lie: for the leprou* neOple,'Bnd
the multitude' tlipt was with them, although they
might foriiierly Kave been angry at the king, lind
at'lKose that had treated therti *o coarsely, and
this acfionling to the prediction of the prophet;
come out of th e
ity und a
r toward*
■A
' '
502
FLAi'IU« JOaCTflOS
<■
him HowcTcr, Imd llifV fvrr i« imlrli hmnh T^\- It iiijiv rfimnij}« llml t diluKi-wKli Mnnethp
him in iiHrliriilur, lli«y niiRhe liHye Inici ii private jiiMiia Mom*. Alow,'lli.> r.i:v|ilii.n« aikiiuwl.dge
plot aKi>in«t liiiinrll, liul wmilil hanily liiiv« ni«il« I liiiii li> luivr bixii ii woiiitfrliii liii.l n ilivine p*«»-
war Biraiinl nil tin KnjiitiaiM; I menu thii on'lwn: iin) , ttj^y Wixil'l willinnl.v lay clnim t.i him
the «cc It ul th.' ^riiit kimlrcl lliiy wliO wire i tliniKrlvin; ([lioii((li iiltir a iiin.l iibu.ive nnil iii-
io numcroiii imi»t havo. Iia<l Billon^ llirm. Nay (Tulibla mamiV. ">"l |>rrl< iiil Hint In- wn« of lle-
•till> if llicy liBll rin(il»*<l to finlit willi iHb iiirji, | liop<>li«, aiicl one i>l .thi' pri««l«(>f thnt plarr, anil
thry would not liavc liad inipiiil< nie C|ioy|,'li to i «a« ijt<t<(|-,niit of it miioiig th^rfsl^, mi mcoinil
ji^hl with tliiir koiU: nor woulil thfv Imv "■•- I "f Kl. Ii i.r.ni r iiIiIioiil'Ii
(iaini^il lHiv« (piilf raiilrary to lliox,- of tlirir own
countrj , and to t'hoKe in which thry hiid li<-<Mi
bred up IhrtiiM ln». V<t nrf wt; licholden to
Manrtho, thnt hi' ilm » not liiy tiio priiicipnl chargp
of tiiisliorrid triin>i;'''''*'i<'" Upon llio«« thnl ciimr
from JiTiisiili'iii, liuf »ay« tlint llic KRypliHiii
Aennn-lvcn w»rii thn iiioi't ((iiilty. and Ihiil tlicy
Were thi ir priislri thnt rolitrlvcd thrHe thing*,
and niadetiM' niultitiide take tl)i iroatht rordohig
to. Iliit stitl.how iihsiird it it to mppoje, th»t
none of these pi oiile'* own relations or friend*
ihould iM-prevuiied with to revolt, nor to iirolergo
the liBiiiidii of nur with theinl while these |miI-
fiitcd jicople w'ern lorfted to ieu<l to Jcrusalmi,
I of his'liprofv: allhiio|;h it liml liren denionslr
le<» oii't.of llfeir rrii.iil., thdt he lived five hun-
dred and ei([hleeii years earlier, and then brought
cnir forefiilln Ts o^it of^Y'.jrypt into the roulit-y
that IS now iidiiiliiled l.ij us. Kut now lliat. nc
was not subject in his l)i»iv to any smdi ruhiinily.
is evident Iroiiinhiit lie [liiiiselt tells us; (or he
forbade those that hnil the leprosy either lo con-;
iinue in a ritv, or to inbnbrt in a viUb);*, but com-t
'nianded ihlit'lhey shoiihfpo about by theiitselve»
with thiir clothes rent; ami declares, that such
as either toucfi llieiii,*or live under the same root
witli theiii, shonlil he esteemed unclean: iiay,
more, if any one of their disensQS be hcHledi fcnd
he refover his natural constitution aKsiin, hu ap^
l„*„.l aim... <.<>k.t..'i.m rtii>'ili.>ntif,iid . mill UfldbiniTI
salenl, ne recover Ills nniurni , ,Mi»iiii,i,"if «>,.....,•
Hniri.mi7tiMi7mixd'i'arie»7rcrin"'th7nc^'" What ppinted tlieiii fi>ftiiiii nurincati9ii», and wajhinM
•^ ■ ■■ ■ ■ ...-.- will, ,(,rinR water, and the shnviiiK off all Ihefr
I ■ I'j..:.'. *l.m iIk.u uIioII nll.iV niflll^ Klir
niUl IIMII)^ 111! II OIIAIiiWJ. 1,^^ liwill tlll.llt,,.. ,.....-
friendsfiip, I pray, or what relation wris tliere for-
Uierly betwei n them, that required tliii assist-
ance f On the conlriiry, these people were ene-
niie», and grially dil\i(iedfroni tteni iiithiir cm-
fonts. He says, indAd, that they complied iin-
mediatelv, U|iOn llieir promising iheiii that Ihcy
iihouhl coiifjuer Kg^pti as if they did not them-
Willi SHrill}^ ntiii-i, «i,u m^ D.>.,.,..fi, .... ..-■ - — --
hair, andfiijoins that they shalloHi-r nianVsacri-
fices, iijid "those of several kinils.^nd then, at
length, to be adiiii4(,ed into the holy city ; al-
though it were to be enpected that, on the con-
truryvif lie hiid bes n under the same caliimily.
he s'tiould have tukcn-care nf such persons be-
iltioUKI coiinuer r.gipi; as ii iiiej uiii iiin iuiih- ... r....™.. , v ,. , ; i f.„. ;.
selves- very will know tliat countrv- out of which forehand, niiil have- lia<l them treated after a
Jhey had fieen driven bv force. Now, had these ' -■*■ •"- -' "''■"•"•" "■"• » ->■"'"" f»'
liy fi)-,-. -- ^ , --
men been in want, or lived miserably, perhaps
they niigirf have undertaken so' hailirilous an
Werprise; but as they .dwelt in a hniipv city,
•^aJt had :i large country, and <ine better than
^ fVynt itself, how came it about, that fur the sjake
of those Ihat had of ohf be^n their enemies, and
those that were luidmid iirlheir bodies; anil of-
those whom hone of their own rehitions woiilil
rndiire, tliey should run such liaznrds in nssisting
them'? For they could nut foresee that the king
would runaway from them: on the contraryrhe
nith bimsell', that " Amrnolihis's siiiv had three
hundred thousaniVmcn with him, and met theinnt
Peliisinm." Now, lo be sure, those that /came
could not be ignorant 'of tliis; hut for thi/kiiiff's
repentance and (light, how could they possibly
gu«SB at jtl He then says, that! "those who
CBine froim Jctuaaleni, and. made \\\\i invasion,
" got the granaries of Kgypt. into tli :ir possession,
and perpetrmed niany of the iifbst fiorr'ttl actions
• there." And thence he reproai his theiiy^s
though he had not himself ihtroi uced thclir**
enemies, or «9 though he might : c.cuse 8uc\ as
■ were invited from aliollrtr pliitVlor so doihg,
wlien the'natural Kgyptians lh«nisehes had done
the same things before their cmning, and had ta-
ken oaths so to do. 'HowcVer, "Amenophij,
tome time aftervvard, came upon them, and con-
aoered them in battle, and slew^his enemies, and
rove tlieni bcfbrrt' him as far at Syria.'* A» if
' Egypt were «o easily taken, b»»pe6ple that came
.froiii any place whatsoever, ajld as if those th<t
' had conquered it by war, whtn they were JBforra-
ed tliiit Amenophis, was alive, diil. neither fortify
- the avenues out of Ktliiopia into it, although
thev had gseat advantages foV dtiing* it, nor did\
eeAheir other forces ready for tlieirdefence; but
that "he followed theni' over the sandy desert,
• and,8lew them as far, as ,j9yri»t"wKile» yet it is
• not an easy thmfe for an army to pasi over that
• country, e^'en without fighting.
30. Our, nation, thifreJore. ttccortjing to Mane-
tho, was not derived from KfJypJ. nor were any
of the Kgyptians .mingled with us. For it is to
be suOPQsed that matiy of the leprou? and dis-
^•^ I I ,1 1 :„ -*!.„ ».:»«. ,:\nfti
'• t e mp er ed p e opk wer e dea d i n the mine s, sin c B
they had been there a longtime, and in so ill a
condition; many others must be dead in the bat-
'^ ties that happened afterward, and more still in
l6e last battle Wd flight after it. ^ .
kinrtcr ui:ii<iitr, iis alVcctiil « ith a concern for
those who were to lie imder the like misfortunes
with hi'mltlf. JVor wits it only those leprous peo-
'ple for wliojje sake he liinde 'these laws, liift bIm
foi* such as should be nmimed in thi smallest part
of tlieir body, Vvho yet are nrtt peniilttcd by him
to otliciate as priests: nay, although ijiiy priest,
Already initialed, should have such a calamity fall
upon liim afterward, he 'ordered hin» to be de-
prived of his honor of officiating. Now* can it
then (>e supposed that Moses should ordain such
la^s against himself, to his own reproach and
damage who so ordained them? Nor indeed is^
that other notion of Manetho's at all probable,
wherein he relates the change^ of his name, and
says, that " he was. formerly called Osarsiphi"
and this a rtamc no way agreeable to the other,
while his trne nnmi^ w«» Mouses, and signifiet a .
person who is ^jreservied out of the water, for
the Kgyptians call water Rlo^. 1 think, there-
fore, f 'have niade !\ siifliciently evident that Ma'
netho, while he followed l(is aiident records, did
not much mistake the truth of the history; but
that when he had recourse to fabulous Stories,
\f ithout any certain author Jie. either forged them
hiniself.Nw'ithoiH any probability, or else gave
credit to some men wlijikspoke so out of thcinll
will to us. . • . L ', li
* 32. And now 1 have done withManetho,! will
inquire into what Clieremon says. For he also*
wheft he pretended to write the F.gy ptian history.
Sets down thf same name fui' his.king that nla-
helho did, Amenophis, as also of his son Khiiies.
ges, an* then goes on thus: "The goddess Isii
appeared to Amenophis, in his sleep, and blamed
bim that her temple had been demolis|ied in the
war. IJ»lthBfI'hritiphaiiles, the sacred scribe,
said to him, that in cJse he, would \mv(» Kgypt
of thi men who had : pollutions Upon them, he
should be no longer troubled with such frightful
apparitions: that Aiiienophirf' accordinrfy chose
9ut two hundred aixl fifty thousand of those that
were thus disease'd, and cast them put of the
country: that Moses and Josepli. were scribes,
antl Joseph was a sacred scribe: that^ their names
*werc Egyptian orij^nally, that of Moses had been
' Tf.ithen, and that of Joseph I'etesepli: that
these two came to relusium, and lighted upon
three hundred and jighty thousand thi«,t had been
left there by Aiiienophis, he hot Ifting willing t»
carry theniinto Egypt: that thrte icriUes mad*
V
\. : .■
AGAINST APION'.— BOOK t.
6d8
' • tangiM of frioadthiff wllfc ihe'm, tnci iniiU with
th«ini»i«X|)«<lltiooi|C»inlt Kifjr^)!: thm Aiiirno-
ptft* couU.BOl lUiUtn th«ir attiirkt, hut Hvil intu
KlhlohiarlMd left hit wil* with cbilil behiiiil him,
who t»y C(|nc*al«l in certain caverna, ami (her«>
Rrought forth a lOo, whoMiiamii wa« Mmwnc,
and who, when he wat g'^Ml^P to man'a t'>l«lc,
fiurtiieil Iho Jewt into Hfljfl; ttiiug about two
Kunilrcil thouMnil, and thWreceivcd hie father
Aiufnouhit out fcf Ktlilopia." *
3J. Thi> ii the account Cherrmon eivei ua,
jNow I take it for Krantiid, that what I liave iai<l
already halh pininly proved th«>fnlaily of holh
lhi!ie nnrrntlonii) fur had there l>^'«h any real
tiruth at the lioltoni, it was ini|)OSKil)1e that they
ihould' to greatly dliagree aliout the pnrticulari.
liut for Chuae that invent liea, what- they write
will eaaily gUe ua very dillerent aci'onntH, while
they forije whut they pleaae out id'-their own
heada. Alow Ma'nctlio anya, thiit llifi king'a dc\-
tire of teeing the goda, ivnt thti orij^in of the ejec
tion of the |)Olluted people; l>nt Che^niinfeignt
ihatil watadream of hiiuwn.ieAt ^lon him by
' Itiii,' that waa the occaaion of it. Miiiietho anya,
that the pe'raon who foreahowed tlii« {Hirgution of
Kgypt to theliiii);,waa Amenophia; but thit man
laya it waa I'hritiphuntct. A» to the mininrr» of
the multitude that were expelled, they iigreft ex-
ceedingly well,* the formei^reckoning them eigh-
ty thouaand, and the latter about two hundred
and fifty thouaand. Now, for Manetlio, lie de-
acril^es theae' pidluted .periopa at aent lintt to
work in the nuarriet, and tayt, that aft<>r that,
the city Avaru waa given them for their hahita-
ttoD. At alau he relatea, that it waa not tilllifter
they had mndo war with the r#tl of thtt'Kgyp-
tiana, that they invited the people of Jeruanfem
to come to tlieira8ai9tance;^while,Cheremon taya
only, that they were gone out of t^gypl. and
lighted upM three hundred and eighly thouaand
men about Peluaium, who had Wen left there by
A'nienophia, and ao Ihey invaded Kgypt with
them again; that hereupon Anieiiophia lied ipto
Ethiopia. Uut tiien, Ibia Chereiuon ccniiqiiti a
moat Tidiciiioua blunder in not informing ut wno
' tbii army (rf ao many ten .thouaapdt were, ot
whence they came; whether they were native
Egyptiana, or whether they came front a foreign
couqtry; Ndr, indeed, hat thia man, who forged
a dream from Ilia, about the leprous people, aa-
iilned the reaipn whv the king woulcl not bring
them into. Kgypt. Moreover, Charemon acta
down Joacpb aa driven away at the tiilne time
with Motea, 1»ho yet died four geiieratiins-f be-
fore Moaea, which four generationa^nake nimoat
one hundred and aeyenty ycara. Bes'idca all thit,
Rameaaea, ^the ton of Anienophit, by Manetho'a
account, wat a young man, and attialedliia father
in this war, anJ left the country at the taiiie time
with him. and Hed into Ethiopia, But Chereniotv
makes iiifiii to have bcten born in a certain cave,
' laftef his fii^hcr wat dead, ami that he then.pver-
cahie the Jews in batlle,and drove them into'Sy-
ria, being in number about two hdndred tholiT
tand, O the levity of the manl'Kor he had neither
told ua Who theae three hund.fed^and eighty thou-
aand were, nor how the four liundred and thirty
thouaand periahed^^hctlier thcj^ fell in war, or
Went over to Ramesses. Am), whatja the atrangeat
of all, it ii«ot poaaible to learn oitt of him who
' thejr were wlttini he calls Jewa, or t6 fi\>\ch of theae
two ptartiethnpplies that ileoominatiftn: wnfether
tothelwitt hundreil and til'ly thouaand leprouiiMO-
pie, ar to the threa hundred and eighty tboutaiid
that ivere hboQt Peluaium. Itut, perhapa, it will
be looked upon as a ailly thing in mje to make any
larger co^ifutatioiKoftuch .writers aa sufficiently
confute themtelves; for had thwbeen only con-
, ♦ futed by othe'r nieliv it had been niore tolerable.
Manctho and Charrmon, tftniewhal ibnnt I.vii-
niHi'hua who hath taken the aaiiie topic of faite-
hood with ihuie fureniealioiiril, but hath R0°*
far beyond Ihem in the' ihrrrd)^le nature .or hit
forgeriet: wliTch plainly deinonttralet thpt h*
contrived ihrni out of hit virulent hatred if our
nation. Ilia words are theae-. " Th» people of the
Jewa being leproutf^d arabby, and aubiett tv
ceHain other kindaTiP^liaf ' '' '
34, I fihkll now add to thesu accuuiita about
* By way of irony, I tuppaae.
. t Hore ws ice that Jdrnphna cateciritd ajeneration be-
tween 4 neepb and Muaca to be about 43 or 43 yoan; which.
• • • ' 77
. Jiitemperi, in the dart of
Hocnhoris, ki^lg of Kgynt, they Hed lo^ the lem- i.
plea, and got Incir food there by begging: laud
^ the nunibera were very great tnat were fidlen
andcr theae diaeaaea, there aniae a arnrritt in
Kgypt. Hereupon. Uocrhoria, the king of Kgypt,
tent tonic to Conaidl the oracle of [-lupitcr] lliim-
nion about thit acarrily. The god't ai^twer WM
thia, that h^' niuat pu>f;e hia (eniplea of inmura
and impious men, by expelling them out of tlinaa
templea intodetert pinret; but aa to>4he iD^nblby
and. lejirona people, he must drown them, and
purge Ilia trniplei, the aun having an iaidirnatidn
at theae nien'a being aufl'ercd to live; and liv thit''
iiieaiii th'« land win ^rijig forth its frliila. lIpoD
liocchorik'a hkving received theae ornclea, he callV
ed for their prieatt, and ,thc attendants u|)on theit
altara, and ordered theni to make a collection ofl
the impure (leoplc, anil io tieliver them to- the!
aoldiera, to carry them away into'the deaert. butl
to take the leproua people, and wrap them ili\
shceta of lead, and let them fall down into the tea. I
Hereupon the acabby and leprous people were I
drowned, and the real were gotten together anU
lent into deaert placea, in.urder to be exposed tp
destruction. In thit caae they aaaembted them-
selvet togc^ther. and took counsel what th^y
should do, and determined that aa the night waa
coming on, they sliuidd K1ndl% lirei and lanipt,
and keen watch; that they alto ahoultl faat tne
next nignt, and propitiate the coda, in order to
ohtain deliverance from them: tnat oh the next
day there wat one (Moaea, who adviaed' them that
they thould venture upon a journey, and go alonK,
one road till they ihould comA t6 placet fit for
habitation: that he charged them to ^ave no kind
regarcli forany man, nor give good couniel tuany,
but alwayt to advise them for the worst,: and to
overturn all tbof e teniplet and altars of the godt
they tlottld^meet with: and the rctt commend-
ed what be had taid with oiie content, and did
what they had reiolyed on, and to trayeiled over
the Uetert; liul that the difficoltiet of the jour- -
ney being over, they came to a country inhabit-
ed, aiid that there the^ abuicd the men, and
plundered and burnt their templet, and then came
into that l^nd which ia called Judea, and ther«
they built a city, and dwelt therein, and that their
city waa named Hicroayla, from thit their rob- »
bing of the tenipUi; but that ilill, upon the ttie-
cess they had afluivarda, they in time changed
its denoniinatioiw^at it might not be a reproach
to tliein, .and, called the city Hieroiolyma, and . .
ihemaelvei flierotolymitet."
35. Now thit man did not discover nor AienfloDj
the' same king with the others, but feigned a'.
new^r name, and paasing'' by; the dream and the •
Egygtian ;prophitj be brings him to [Jupiter]
llammon, \ft order to gain/>raclet about the teab-i
by and lep^iit people ; for he taya,- that the mul-
titude of Jewt Were gathered together at the
Ipmplet. Noa^ it ia uncertain whether he ^-
cribct hit name to theae lepen, on to thote that
Were tubject to tuch .diteaiei among the 'Jewa '
only; for he detcribe* them at a people of the
Jews. What people iloet he meant loreigneri\ .
dr thdie of that country? Why then^oit thou
cIaU\theim Jewt, if they were EgyptiaAi? But tf
they were foreigners, why dott thou not tell us
whence they came? And how could it be that',
after the king had drowned many of them in the
^/
/
ro^i
fm
tea, afid ej e t te d the tm t int o d e t er t plae e i, th e r e
if taken lietween >he ctrhcr children, well a(reet with
the duration of -liURijan bin in those ater Bee Authtat.
Sec. Part II. (T. 066, 1019, 1Q».
^
504
FLAVIim josErnus
ihoulil b« •till »o «r«»t a iiiuUiluil* rcnuininRt
Or »l't<!r whm ni*iMi«r Jiil they f* ov«r t\w ik-
•art, »ii(l fti lh« Urn) which w« iii>w dwell in,
uhI huilil our cily, •nil th«t Iriiipie which h»Jli
b««n •" fmimiii oiiimiK »" in*nkiii<n Ami l>e-
' ildvi, h« ouk'U In hiivr iiiokfn more itboul oVr
' rMiiUtur, «h»ii l>y K'*"'K M* '"" l>»r«i n«ai«; •i«j
to hiiv« infnriiieil.m of wh»t nition he w«i, unil
wh»lu»r«iili ha wm <t«rived froiiM and to h»v«
Mmnad the reeioM why he undertook tii iiiiike
■uch l»w« fom-vrnipif the go(i», end concerning
mtttera of iniu»tico with rtg»rd to nieii.duriiiK
that icmrnt). For. in cuie th«! people were liy
birth Knyiitimn.llieywbuld not on the tudden
h»ve »o eHuily chanied the cuitonii of their coun-
try: Kiid in cii«» ll^y hed been fonigneri, they
hill fur ci rmin nonie lawi or other, whicl^ had
been kept by tliein "from loiig cuttoni. It u true,
that with ngard to tho»e who ejected Iheni.they
migla htt'e iWorn never to bear good-will to
them, ami might have had ■ plauaiblo reaion for
■ to doing. But if thr«c men re«>lv«ifl to wage an
inipliicable war agaiinl all men, in caie they had
Kted M wickedly ■• he relatea of them, and thm
wh'ile they wanted the MiiiUnc* of »ll IMM,
Ihii deniiiiwtratra a kind of mad co^nduot indeed,
liMt not of Ihi men theliuelvet, but very greallv
■0 of him who tell« a'urh liei upon them, lie hath
alto impudenre eilough to any, that a naini) iin-'
plying robbert* of the temple Waa given to their
cily, and that thia name waa afterward chaof^ed.
The reaaoii of, t»hich ia plain, that the fornlef "
name brought rrproiich and hMred upuii them in
(he timea of their poalerlly, while, it aeema.thoae
thai built the city, ihought they did honor to the
city by giving it auch a name. So w« aee th(it
Ihia Ane fellow had auch an unbounded iiicllnii-
tion to reproach ua, that he did not underataiid
that robbery of lemplea ia ilfit eipreaaed by the
aaiue word and name among the Jew* aa it ia
among the Oreeka. But why ahouLd a man aay
any more to a porton who yjlla auch iiApodent
liea? However, ainca thia book ia ariien to com-
petent length, I will make another beginning, and
endeavor to a<iil what atill remaina to perfect niy
deaigit in th« fulluyving book. -t
• Thia ii the meaniator Uitr—tU inVlraak, not in
Hebrew. ■ , ,
BOOK II.
;*•} 1. Ijt the former book, moat honored Kpa-
pbroditua, 1 have demonatrated our antiquity, and
confirmed the truth of what 1 have aaid, from
the writiiiga of the fbuiniciaiia, and Chaldeana,
and Kgyptiana, I 'have, moreover, produce<l
many of'^the Grecian writera aa witneaaea there-"
to. I have alao nia<le a refulatiou of Mahetho and
Chcrenioti, and of certain others of ourencmiea.
I ahall now, therefore,* begin a confutation of the
remaining authora who have written any thing
•gainat ua; although I confeaa I have Md a
doubt upon mc about Apionf the grammrfrian,
whether I ought to take the trouble^of con-
futing hin* or not; for aoiiie of hia wrilinga con-
tain much the aame acciiaationa which the othera
have laid againat ua^ aOme thinga that he hath
• added are very frlfid and contemptible, and for
the greatest part of what he aaye, it ia very scur-
rilous, and, to speak no more than the plain truth,
it speaks him to be a very unlearned person, and
what he lays together looks like the work of a
man of very bad mqrals, «nd of one no better in
his whole life than a mountebank. Yet. becauae
there are a great many inen so very foolish, that
' they are rather caught by such orations than by
what is written with care, and take pleasure in
reproaching other men, and cannot abide to hear
them comniendedt I thoAght it to be necessary
not toTetthis man go off withotit examination,
who had written such an accusation against us,
as if he would bring ua to make an ansi^r in
open court. For I also have observed, that many
men are very much delighted when they ^ee a
, man who first began to reproach another, to b«
himaelf exposed to contempt on account of the
. vices he hath hintjelf been guilty of. However,
it is not a very easy thing to get over this man's
discourse, nor to know plainly what he pneans:
vet does he seem, amidst a gresit confusion and
disoirder in hia falsehoods,to produce, in the first
place, such tilings as resemble what we, have ex-
amined already, and relate to the departure-6f
our forefathers out of Egypt; and, in th<! second
place, he accuses the .Tews that ar? inhabitants
of Alexandria; as, in the third Wee, he iiiiies
with those things such accusations as conceirn th*"
tacred pupififtations. With the "the' '*6«' "**•
used in the temple.
«Tl,i.Cinnprn«rlnfllii»anc<«<HiookiBwrittonagain«t
the caliimiiiea or Anion, anil tlion. more brinflv, aenmst llio
like ealumnim of Apolloniun Molo.* But altiT that, Jose-
phas leaves ofT any more iiuti icular reply to tliMti adviir-
aarls* of the Jow», and ftvcn ua a largo and psrhllent d«-
•erintion and vindication nf Ihatuhoorracy which was set-
IM foe tin Jewish nation by Moses, their f rest legislator.
3. Now, although I cannot but think that I
have already demonstrated, iind that abundantly
more than was necessary, that our fathers were
not originally Egyptian, nor were thence expel-
lee!, neither on account of bodily diseases or any
other calamities of that sort; yet will I brieHy
take notice ui what Apion aihls upoo tpt sub-
ject: f(jr in his third book, which relates to th«
affairs of Egypt. he,^peak« thus:—" I have heard
of the ancient men of Egypt, that Moses was of
Heliopolis, and that he ftiooght himaelf obliged
to follow the customs of his forefathers, anil offer-
ed his prayers in the open air toward»the city
walls; but that he reduced them all tote direct-
ed towards sunrising, which.war aereciihle t . Ihfc
situation of Hcliopolis: that he also set up pil-
lars instead of gnomons,) under which was re-
preteated a cavity, like that of a boit, and the
shadowjhat fell fi-om their tops fell down upon
that cavity, that it might go round about the like
course as the sun itSclf goes round in the ot^r.'
This is that wonderful relation which we nave
given us by this, greatigrammarian. But that it
hm faU» one is so plain, that it stands In need of
fewSsords to prove it, but is manifest from the
works of Moseik; tor when he erected the. first
tabfraacIe.toGod, he did himself neither give
brder'/or any such kind of representation to ht/
made at it, nor ordain that those that came oMt
him should make such a one. Moreover, when,
ip a. future age, Solomon built his templirin Ji*» j
rusiilem, he avoided all such needless de]EOraliorns
its Apion hath hero devised. He says fucthei>
how " he had heard of the ancient n)*n, that Mo-
ses was of Hcliopolis." To be sure that w'at be-'
cause, beingf a -younger man liimself, he believed
those that T)y 'their elder ace were acquaintefl
and conversid with him! Xow this grammarian
.as he was, could not cepWinly tell whiqh was the
poet Homer's cotintry, no more than he could
which was the country of Pvthagoni*, who lived
comparatively but a little wf ile ago :' vet does he
thus easily determine the age of Moset who
preceded them such a vast number of yf ars, as
depending on his<ancient men's relation^'which
shows how notorious a liar he was. J But thenM
to his chronological determination of the time
when he says he brought the leprous people, the
_ t Called by Tiber ills, Cjrsitgfaat .WiiniB, the drum of
tlie world. . I j,t.
t Thia seems to have been the first dial that bad been
made in Enypl, and \^a« a little heforo tlio time thalAhaa
madn hia [firatjdial in Jujjva, and about anno TSS, in the
first year of the aevrnth Ulyinpiad,.as wo ahall, ate !!••
aently. 8ae S Kiaf* ». 11 : Isaiah »uviii.& .
A^INST APUW— DO()K IIi
ftOft
blind mil lh« lain* oul of K^ypt, wf how wt-ll , nolpt nmonK ih* F.jfjrptiiini ■ iiiriU<ly of • bubo
Ibi* mom •ixur«l« greiiiniiniii "f ortft «jjr«Ti | in Oir jj;r..iii '
/■
wlUi Ibiiiw tli»t h»»-« y^itlrn li«liir« liiin'.. >l»n»
llui •«¥•, thai th« ityf* <li iimtriKout of li(|} pi in
the rfiR" "f 'IVlhiiiuii'. llirif liumlri d uixf IMu'ljr-
thrt:« )CBr» l»lx>r« iMmuu ll<tl (■> Amnj |.}(«i-
limcjiai iiiyi it wn> uiiilir kini; liiiocliDri*! lliiit
It, uii« tbuuiiiiitl levrli liiliiili'i'il yean *K<>; ShAa
■nd •niu« olhctii lUatniiinril it ■• <!vrry uh«
uloairil; bill l.hi* A|iion of oiiri, ii» ilmfrviiig 10
b« believed before Iheiii, Imtb (ltlrniilii»<l it «ii>
(dlly to have liien in the •('*■ ntjvUljfnipiiil, nml'
thu Urit year of Ihut Ulynipimll the wry •hiiiii"
ywr In which hs .layt that (.'arlbage WM bull!
by the rhirnliiiiint. Vhe rca«on wliy hr adili'd
(hii builiJln)( of Cartbii|;n wii», to be ailrv, in or-
.tier, ai he tbuuKht, to ilri'iiKtbi!!! hi* H»i«rliiin by
■o evident a (HiRracIrr of chroi(bl<>Ky. Hut \w
waa nut awure that fliili churacltr contud'n hi*
awertion; lur II' we niiiy |^iv« crtdit to die I'liie-
nician iiconls «• to \\w liniu of tli« fiiot coining
of th«ir coliHiy (o (.'urthugi;, thty ri lalv tbnt lli-
roiu their Iuiik »»• ul>i>v«^ n huiidrt'd mv^ fifty
yeara furlivrthiui thr liiilldinK uf l.'arlliu|;«. ron-
cerniag whom I have I'oniicrly prodiicod icntiino-
niuU out of thoae I'liienician ricifrdi; aj alto
thatVUfia Hrroiu w«i a friend, of ^iloinon whin
he waa building the tiniple at^ Jmirniiiuii und
gave him grtat amiiilnnci! in/liia biiildiiiK thnl
temple; wbili' •till Solumun himsi'll' built lliiil
temple nix hiiiidred aud tw«lvc j eari alter the
Jew* cnme out uf KgvPV A* for the iinmbrr of
tho^e that Were expelled out of K^ipt, he' hnlh
contrived to have the, very •unie 4iuiiiliilr with
Lyaiiiiveh)ili and «tiyii they were u hiiiidird and
(en thouiaiid. \\ji then aaai|;na a certain won-
derful and plautiole occaaioh for the name of Sali-
bath; for he aaya, that "when the Jew« had tm-
velled a, aix^uya' journey, they had buboea in
their grbina; and that on thia accnunt it ^ai
' that Ihev ieated on the aeventh .^lav, na haviiiK
Sot aafew ^o that country, which in now ralleil
udea; that then they prearrved Ihp laiigunKe of
the (^gyptiana, and tailed that diiy (lie Sabbath,
for that malady oMmbi^ea on th«ir groin '4a>
named ^abbatoaia l>y the Kgypliiuia." And
would not a man now lau^h at tbia fellow'a
triflingior rather hate hja impudence in writing
thu%? We inuat^ it aeeiua, take it for granted
that all (beae hundred and ten (huuaand iiu>u.
inuat hate theae buboei. liut, for certain/ if
tboae men had been blind and lame, and had aU
torta of diatenipera upon theni, aa Apion aays
they had, they could nut haw gone one ainKle
day'a journey: but if they hfid been all able to
travel OTcr a large deaert, and beaidcai thai to
fight and conquer thoae that oppoaed them, they
. had not all of theiu had buboea on their groina
after th^ aixth day waa over: for no auch dlatrni-
|icr cAm/n naturaUy and of neceaaity upon thoae
that travel; buiitlll, where there are many' ten
thouaanda in a cahip together, they cohAanlly
.march « aettlcd apace [in a davj^ Mi>r is it at ait
.tprobable that ^uch a thing iRlould happen by
'chan(:e: thia would be prudigio^alv absurd to be
tuppoaed. However, our admirable author Ani-
OD bad before told ua, flial " they canie to Juiiea
ii) aix daya' time;" and again, that ".^losea
'went up to • mountain that lay between K^ypt
V>d Arabia, Which waa culled Sinai, and waa
cdDceAled there forty days, and that when he
camie d«wn from thehcc, be txQ laws ^ the
Jews." Bat then, how wfia it'^olaibl'e for them
to tarry forty daya in a deaert place whe^ there
waa no^water, and at the same time to pass all
over the. country between that and Judea in aix
dayil And BB for thia gramviatical tranalatiun
of the word Sabbath, it either contain! an in->
itance of hia great. impudence or grOsa ignorance
:l. Till* it that novel avi'nunt nhiih ihuKgvp-
tian Apion tiwr* ua conrerning (he Jrw»' ilrt>art'
ure out ol r!Kypl, and ii no billrr than a inntri-;
yaiire of hit n'wu. Iliit why lihiiiiid we wiinder
at Ihr lieahe Itlla almul our fiirefalhrr<, when he
allirma lhl*hi (u be of t-lKyplian original, when
he liva alio aliout biniielf) lor although lie waa
liiirii at OiKJi ill Kk^pI, he prelemU In lie, aa °a
man may aiiy, the top nian of all the Kgypliana;
yet doca he lArtwenr hit real lOMiilry nml pro-
Xenitora, aiid, by l^ilnrly pretending to be burn a)
^lexaiidria, raiinol diiiy the pruvily m' hia faini
ly;\for you »»e how jutlly he <:alU Ihuxe Kgyp-
liaiikwhom he hnli< and endeavora to riproacn;
fur bad he not deemed Keyitliant'to be a iiaiiir of
grvat^eprouch, be woiilili Hot have avoided iha
tiaiAeof'an i'lgyptiun hunielf; aa-we know thai
thonn w^ii't) ' hi-ag of their tinii couniriii*, value
r)rema\lv«»\u|iiin the denomination they arlfbire
then liy, (Aid reprove auch w iiii|ui(ly lay rlaini
thereto. Aii.fjir the Kgyplian>' claim lo lie of.our
kindred, they Mo it oii'one of the following ac>
voiinta: 1 nirait, either na they value theiuaelvet
upon it, and preteinl (o liear that relation fo ua;
or eUe aa Ihev would draw o< in to be phrtakera
of their owii nifuiiiy. Ifut thia line fellow Apion
>eeniii to liront h thia repronrhful iifiprllation
agniiKt na, I that we Wfre oriKinally Kpypl'iana, ]
ler lo beatow jt (in the Alexandriaiia aa a re-
for the wonia Sabbo and .Sabbath are widely dif-
ferent from one another: for the word Sabbath
in the Jewiih language denotes real frgm all aorta
af work; .but the word Sabbo, «a h« affirroi, de^
in orili
ward fur the privil^e they had,
being a felhiw-eiliteh with them: \ut alu> la^p-
prited of the ill-will the Alexandfiaiii bear to
thoae Jewa who are their fellowrilitena, and .a(f
uropotea to liimaelf to reproach thvni, although
ti\iiiiiat lherf<(iy include all the other Kgyptiana
alady while in both cuaea lie ia no better than an
impudent liar. i
4. liut let ua jiuw are what thote heavy MftI
wicked Crimea are, which Apion charges upon
the Alexandrian Jew«. "They rame (saya lie)
out (J Syria, and iiihaliitcd near the teiiknr»tnouB
rea, and were in the neighborhood uf toe iluah<
ing of, the waves.'' Qiow, if the place of hnbila>
tion includes any thing that is reproachful. Ibis
iiiun reproaches not hia own real country, j t.gy pt>]
but what he pretends lo b« his owii country,
Alexandria; for ^,11 are agreed in thia, that the -
Cart of. that vity which is near the sen ia the
eat part of all for habitation.. Now, if the Jews
gained Ihat part of the cily by force, and have
kept it hitherto without impeachment, this is ti
mark of their valor; but iii rcaHly it waa Alex*
amier hiinaelf that gave them that place for thejr
habitation, when they obtaiiita equal privile|;es
'there with tlie Maceiiouitina. Nor ran 1 ilevise .
what Apion would hav*' slid, had their biibita-.
tion been atNecropidi.i.' and not been lixcd hard
by the royal palace [aa it ia ;] nor had 'their nation
had the Jijenoniinalion .of Macedoniaiia giveii
them tilllKia very da^ [aa thev have.] Had this
man now read tlic e|iiMie8 of Ling Alexander, or
those of Ptolemy the aun of Lai^iis, or met with
the writings of the succeeding kinga, or that pil-
lar which laatill standing at Alixandria, and con-'
taina the privileges which the great [Juliua]
C':t'aar bealuWed u|wn the Jews; had this iiian, |
aay, known these reconta, and yet had the intpu- •
dence to write in.contradirllon to th^ni, he hath
shown himarif V> he a wii:ked man: but if he
knew tibtbing of theac records, he hath shown
hiniKctf to be a man very ignorant; nay, tvhen
he appears to womler how Juwa coiild be callei^ -
Alcxandriana, this is iinothcr like instance ofhis
ignorance ; ifor al| such us are called out to be co-
IOnies,,altli'ojrgh they he ever so far remote froiB
one another HI their'original, receive their name*
/ from those that briiig them to their new habita-
ak of
\
inr«
I at
thnii; — And what o e caa io n ia th ere to a i
Olhera, when thoise of ua Jews that dwell at^n-
tioch are nanicil Antiuchiaiis, because Selelicui -
• The borial-plaea foi dead bodies aa I ss<vaM.
:l^"
MM
FLAVIUS JOgRPIIIIfl
I rounder o( thai city ■•*• Ibain Ik* pti«il*fn
* An«r lb* Ilk* niiMiMr il»
V
tlw rounder
b«lan(in( Ihtrclot
ihoM J«wi lh*l Mihibii KpkMut tml lh« olb«r
rillasor luuia, rniujr thti uin« niiid|LHilb IhuM
14. ul wuro uriKiimlU born Ibrrr, bjr W» K""' "f
lb* iur('««(liiift prini'M; u»y, the ItintlnrM and
buiiiaiiity <>r th« Honiant bath hmn to graal,
Ibat It bath granlcil l«a«a lo aInuMi all olbar* lo
lab* Iba Mill* nam* or the Koiiiana u|ion Ibriu ; I
niaan not iwrticularly iiirn only, liut tntira and
larK* nation* tb«fnl*U«a alio; bir tboia anriant-
iy uainrd llwri, and i'vrrhrni, and Mabini, arc
now ra|l<-d Koiiiani. And ir A|iioD rr^rct Ihii
wky of obtaining (be privilrga or a ciliian of
Alciandrif*, 1*1 him abftain rrom calling hiniMir
•n Alciandrian hiircBricr; ror otb«rwiir, bow
can br who vtai horn in thr vrry birart of Knypt
b« an Alexandrian, if tbii way of ac('r|iliiiK anrh
> privil«gii or what ha would have ui deprived,
be onca abroKB|«d1 although, indrcd, tb>i<f Ko-
Diaita, who ara now tb« lord* of Iba babitabU
•arlb, have rurbiddon th* I^^Kyptiani to hava tba
pcivili'irra or any city whatroavfr; whila tbii
fin* l< iTow, who i* wlllinMo partaka or tiich a
privilrKa hiinwir ai ba iiTorbiddcn to niaka uw
of, andcavora by caluniUln lo dtfprivc thoM or
it Ibal havr jually rarcivcd it;' ror Ab'tandar did
not, Ihcrefora, k«I •'>">« o' "ur nation to Alriaii-
dria, lici-uuat! he wniitcd iidiHliitiint* ior Ibit hia
city, on wbol* buddinj; b* bati butowid lo much
paini; bul Ibia waa Kiven lo our p«opl« at a re-
ward, becauM he bad. upon a rar«rul trial, round
Ihcni all lo hava b«cn men or virlua and fidelity
to him; ror, a* llccataua layt concerninK ■■■>
"Alexander honored our nation to auch n ilr-
vrce, that, for the e(|uily and the fidelity wbi(>h
tll« Jewi bad aihibited li him, hr^ermitttd them
lo hold the country of Samaria free from tribute.
Of the aama mmd alio was I'tidcmy, the aon of
Lagui, at lo Ihoie Jcwa who dwell lit Alexan-
dria.^' For be intruiled the fortreaaet of KKypI
into their handi, aa believing the^ would keep
them failbrutly and valiantly for hmi; and when
be waa deiirout to iecure tn« Ki>vcrnnient of Ct-
reiie and the other citiei or Lroya lo biniacir, he
Mnt • party or Jews to inhabit tliein. And for
hit ■ueceaaor rtoleiiiy, who waa culled Pbiladcl-
Ehui, he did not only ictall tboie of our natioii
-ee who were cajttivei under hini, biit did fre-
quently* give money [for their ranioni;] and
what wai bit greateil work of all, be bad a great
tletire of knowing our lawa, and of .obtaiiiinK the
bookt of our lacred •cripturcit 'accordiDgly he
dciircd that lach men might be tent him aa might
Inltrpret our law to bim: and in order lo bavef
. them wtll COftipited, be committed that care toi
no ordinary pcraoni, but onJained ibat Uenietriui'
Phalercua, and Andreui, and Aritteait; the firil,
Demetriuir lb« moat learned iierion of bia age,
and the otbera, auch at were intruited with the
guard of hia body, ibould take- the care of Ibia
inatter: nor would he certainly have been to de-
iirout of learning our law and tbe jp)iitpiopby of
our nation, bail ho deapiied the iii<ui tbitt luade
ute of it, or had be not indeed had Ifatera in great
•drairfilion. , .
5. JVow ibii Apion wat unacquainted witb al-
moil alt the kiiigt of Ihote Macedohiant whom
be pretendt to" have been b"it proeenitort; who
were yet very well affected lowardi iit ; for tbe
'(bird of iliote Plolemiet, who wai called Euerg«-
tet, when he bad gotten (raueiiion of ^11 Syria
b/ force, did not oRer hi* ihank-offeringt to the
' Egyptian |odt fqr hit yicloijr, but came to Jeru-
lalem, and, according tp our Own lawt, offered
*For<rtxit.aa*c, or/ref «n(/|r, I would here read nx^s,
« gntt ifl tf «iM«y; Ibr we, Indeed, read both in
Ariiteat and foaepliua. that thit Ptolemy PhUadelohM
y to redeeib i
Jl any iuma of mumy,
<ant at other timet, that
in the Greek copy; bnt
many tarrillcai to Oim), ami dailicatad to him
auch giflt a( Iter* tuttabia In turh a vii'lorv i and
at for I'toUiny I'bilnmelcr and hit wlf* Cleopa-
tra, they roniniittrd their whole kingilnin lo lb*
Jewt, when Dniat and Doailbeut, both JeWa,
whote namet are lauKheil at by Apion, wera the
generalt or their whole army. Hut cerlainlv, in-
ttead or rvproaching them, ba ought lo admire
their ai'tioiM, ami return them thanka for taving
AlelaiKlria, whote I'llilen he prelendt |o be;
for when thete Aletandiiant were maktag war
with Cleopatra thanuten, and were in danger of
being utterly ruineil, thete J*wt brought them
lo lermt of agreenirni, ami rraed them rrom th*
miterict of a fivil war. "But then (tajt Apion)
Oniat brought a tniall army artcrwani upon Iba
rily, at the tune when Thermut tbe flonian am-
baiaador wat there pretrnt." Yet, do I Vrntur*
to tay, and that h* did rightly and very jually in '
to doing; ror thai Ptotemjr who wat railed I'hyt-
CO, U|M>n the death or hit brother t'hiloineler,
came from C'vrrne, and would have ejerird I'le-
opatra at well at her tont nut of their kingilom,
that be might obtain it for himteir uiijuttly.f For
•hit cauia, Iben, it wat, that Oniat undertook ■
war agninit him on (.'leo|>atra't account; nor
woul^l he detert, that truti the royal raniil} had
re|1oted in him in their dittrett. Acronlingly,
(iod gave a remarkable altetlation to bit right-
eoua procedure; rur when I'lidemy l'byt<:ot had
the ureauniption lo light againtt Oniat't army,
and bad caught all \\\* Je*i* that were in lb*
city, f Alexandrtn,! with Iheir children and wivea,
anil e>|H»i'il them naked and in boiidt to hit elt-
phantt, that Ihey might Ite trodden upon and d«-
ttroyed > and when h« bad mad* thoie elcpbaali
drunk ror that purpote, the event proved ronlra-
ry to bit prrperationt; ror Ibetc riephanit lert
the Jewt who were rxpoied to them, and rell vio-
lently upon Vhytco'i friendt, and tlew a great
number of them : nay, after thit. I'toleroy taw a
terrible ghott, which prohibited hit hurling Ihote ,
menrbit very concubine whom be loved to well,
tome call her Ithaca, and olhert Irene, niaking
tupplication to him, that be would not per|)«trate
to great a wickedneat. So he complied wi|h her
requetl, and re|Minted of what' he either had al-
ready done 6r wat about I& do; whence it it well
Imewntbat the Alexandrian Jewt do with good
reaton celebrate thit day, oh the account that
they bad thereon tieen voiicbtafed luch an evi'
denldeliverailce from God. However, Apion, the.
common calumniator of men, bath tbe prctump*
tion to accute tbe Jewt for making thit war
againtt Pbyico, when b* oj'Kbt to Jtave com-
mended them for the tarn*. Ttiit man alto roakei
mention of Cleopatra, lb* latt queen of "Alexan-
dria, and abute« UI, becaute the wat ungrateful
to ut; whereat he ought to have reproved her,
who indulged heraeir in all kindtof injuttice ana
wicked praclicei, both witb regard to her near-
ett relationt and butbanda who had loved her,
and, indeed, in general, with regard lo all the Ro-
niant, and ihoie .emp$ron that were her bene-
r*cton; who alto bad her titter Artinoe tlain in
a teniple, when the bad done herVio barm: more-
over, the had her brother ttain by private trea-
chery, and the dettrored tbegodt of her country
and the tepalchret of lifer jjrogenilort; and while
the bad received her kingdom from the firtt
Caetar, tbe had tbe impudence to rebel againtt
bit ton} and luccettor: nay, the corrupted An-
tony with her love-tricki, and rendered him ao
enemy to hit country, and made bim Ireacberoui
io bit IViendi, and [by bit meant] detpoiled toine^
fWhat error it here generally believed lo have been
cummitted by our Joaephua in atcribinf ^deliverance of
the Jewt 1^1 he reifin of Ptolemy Phytm, the teventh of
the** Puitemiw, whieh hat b e en u ii l v Bnally.tBpp»» ed w
have happened under Ptolemy Philopater, the Cnarth of
them, it no better than a'grutt error of Ihe.modiirni, and
notorJoeenhni.ailhaverullyprflvediHtheAvthent.Ree
part i. p. aoo-aiM, whither I refer th* in<|iiititiv* r**dar.
jfNfUt'i««,}«d.r4af>t«dMa,. i ■
tff tbair Mytl >
niadiiett to ac
Itrgi' uptin Ihl
Antony in hit
hiithaiKl, and
dren, mid rulH{
iiient, with III
K«ypt;l nay.
AleiHMiIrl", •'
that alK' ili'i'liii
ing her aHain
J«wt, llioHgli
tuch a ilegrit
had the nnivr
we caiiiiiit bi>
Apion inyi, th
dittributi) will
length met wi
Aa lor ii« Jen
what aaiKlami
ty we thuweil
wo, III the a*
■w of Aiiguti
tin ItomuiM I II
looked upiiii t
have exiiiiiint'i
half uiiili'r All
the dec reiaul
man eoiperora
IQ iiiake II dill
anil of Ali'iHi
ran time it wu
then of lorn, I
of the Jiwm
thought of thi
Jbr iTiia diatril
Emitted with
with regiinl ti
dria. lint th
what tbo kinf
care, I nieaii
tliote kiiigt tl
eiitirr custody
(i. Kut, beiti
" If the J«WA
dria, why do
with tbe Alei
antwer: Si<|
why do you li
bavo implacab
thit rate we iii
indeed, in ge
witb great cat
to that of mi
(eeiiu 10 be oi
tuch did'erenc
«rhy aru you
Alexan(lj(iii fl
?[inal lavyi of
D the obicrv
ohargeii ua w
wbicn accuinl
r laid "Suif^LU
of one iiMlfir
lucb mattcrt
of ledilionjit
aa Anion ft;
and nlacedoi
city, there w
We were pci
lemaitici; bi
tiana therein
grew conl'uii
out itill nior
tinued uncori
were the bu(
not Ibeconal
dence of On
— mamic r a of t
«K* cava a very great aum oj
-i00,0SD Jewiah caplivct, but nn
which he diaburacd on their f-i
I know gf.
} Here begin* a great de^
HmMUm nrikw'fWIy^yfHn that diA^.
ancient hair
pretunipliioii
differencea tl
many oi'theu
//'
[<lniQ,
AOAINHT AW«N.-Dd«K ».
H^
«f Ihair rojril ■ulhoritjr, *nil fi<n*i{ nlKir* iif\ut
nimiiKM lit arl nil lirill)!. itiil whMlilMilT
UrKi' ii|Nii| Ihif hvstl tiiii filrlhi r, iilirii ilir
AiKnny in hia llnlil hI <rii, lJiiiiii|li lix fiirr 1)rr
jiililmiiil, and iUr Itillicr <il Ihrlr I'liniiiiun <'hil-
ilrt'ii, mill i'MiH|M<ll«<l liiiii (<> rt>i|(n iifihu gtivirii-
iiiriil, wilh Ul« nV»S, himI I'I liilliiW lifr^liilii
AToHHIiiiriii, ihn •'niiir Id thai iiiti li ul rriilll)',
Ihiil alit' ili'i'liiri'il aliM hml •iiiiii' hc>|i« nl iimtrv- ]
inf hrr uHuirt itill. in nut' thr coulil Jitll Ihc ,
J«wi, lli<iH||li il W«r« Hiih hrr uwii limict, la I
luch • (IvKrix of linrl)urily uiiil |wrli>liiiM<iirti
had iIki nrriviiil,' Anil ilnln mi) nii« lliiiik llmt
w« rmiiiiil litHMl nurti'lv) • ul «ity lhlnK> if' ■* >
A|iiun imyi, Ihitiiui'rn iliil mil »l » tiiiix ul fuiiiiiio I
diilriliutv wlittiil HiiiuHK 1)11 f Huw>ivir, •ho ut |
Ivnglli iii«t Willi III* |iiiiiJahiNt'i)l. alir ilM«rv«tl. |
Aa lor il« Jama, we U|i|m-iiI In tlii' xfriit ('iMaiir j
wlinl aaaKUiirc <«« liroii:{lil liiili, Unil wiml lt<l«U- 1
ty w.ii •hiiwt'il In liiiii H;^Hlnat \kt\ KKynliAiw; iia {
dbo. III lli« •fiiMlr iiiiil iia di'irfra, iiml iIih riiia-
■u 111' Ait|[ualiu C;i'>i)r, wtlirrrliy iiilr iiifrifa [m {
Uni KiiiiiulMl »!■• jualillvij,. A|>iuii iiughl to huvn
loukml u|iiiii lliiiai) rpialliia, ■■■<(, in imrlicltUr. to
havn exiiiiiini'il llin tcaliiiiuniua Kiviii un uur lin- I
hall' uiiilt'r Alt iniulrr iiiiil all llii- I'tnlriiiira, ami
Ihiitieci'i'iaul' Ihr afniili' nml iil the Kr««l«<t K»-
llian cni|)<!riira. Ami ll' (irriiianiciia tvila notiil>l«
IQ Miakn ii iltalrtliution of rnrn lo nil (hit inhaliil-
anU ul' Ali'iHiiilrin, lliat only iliuwa whal n linr-
ran tliiii) it wua, ami huw (crriit n wniil there, wna
then i)( I'urn, liutli-mla nuthiiiK to the aii-uautioii
of the Ji'Wm Inr whal nil Ihi' i'iii|ieriirt hiD'e
Ihuught of llii^ Alriiunilriuii Jt'wa l« wril knuwii;
Jiur tiiia tlialritnitiun ul' Hhint wua iiu othenviae
oniilti'il tvilh H'bHril tu thi' Jrwa (hnn It wiia
with rfKunl l<> ine uIIut, iuhHiiilniila ul Alrtaii-
dria. liut lltcy alill Wvri' dcairuga In prraiTve
what Ihit kingt had I'urtiierly eiilrualvd lo their
care, I iiiitHii the puatiuly ul' the river; mir iliil
thoae kiii|j;a think Ihein uiiuiirthy of hj>Viiig the
entire custody Ihereuf upon all uci'Uiiuna.
0, Kul, hebi(lt>«lttl«, Aiiji'inulijrrl.'i loiisthii*.—
" If the Juw^, (ailya he,) be iiliiina of Alcxun-
dria, why do they not Wl^rahip the aniiie goda
with the Alexanariaiiit" To which 1 give this
aHiwer: Stqce yuu are y'uurselvea Kgyptinna,
why do yon light it out one agalnat nnuthir, and
have iinplacabie wan abuut your rUiKiunT At
thii ratewe niuat not mil ymi all l!',g:\(i:iiiii, nur,
indeed, in general iiii'^i, liccuusc yi>irU>lri'ed up
with great care beauts of j< nature quili\;pnlmry
to that of men. although the nature of all men
Meiiia to. be one and (lie Mine. iVoW, if there be
iuch ditl'erencea in iipiiiiiiiiauiongydu l''ji;ypliuna,
why are you lurpriaed that thuie who came to
Alexandfiii from another cuuiitry, and had ori-^
|j;inal lawi of thei,r uwi^ before, ahuiilil penevere*
lo the obiervance of thbae law!<! Hut alill he
flhargeii ua with being Ih" aiilhura of aeditionr
whicli accusation, if it be a just one, Why is it iiol
r lai)l aguiwtmall, siiine we are known lo be iiH
of one iiMltSvTVToreover, those that Hearch into
luch matters will\uoii diacover, that the authors
of sedition Jiave been such citiiens of Alexandria
•• Anion Ts; lur while Ihry were the Cirecians
^nd Macedonians who were in |)uascssion of this
city, (here was no aedilinn raised against usi and
We were permitted tu ubaer,iia^aur ancient so-
lemaitics; but when the ikA^t of the Egyp-
tian! therein cahie, to be ^naiderabbe, the.times
grew confused, and llieo these seiiitions brqke
out still more and more, while our pt'opte con-
tinued uncorrupted. Theae K!;yptiniis, therefore,
were the authors of Iheee tniublia, who having
not the constancy of Maceduiiinna, nor the pru
dence of iiriecians, ii)dul|;ed all of them t' — "^
mamie r a of the Kgy p tiaiia, a nd I ' on t i n u e d th eir
ancient hatred against us; for wiflit is here so
presuniptiioiMly cnargr(( upon ua; it oving to tlie
aiffereitcea that are amongst thriii9ilM'«; while
many of them iMve'qot ublained the privileges of
riliien* IK proper linirs, liui aylr ihiHe wk<> ar«
ttrll kunwn to h4v> hnd ihal privilrgn «tt*niiei>'
III Ihtui all, H'l iilhrr than Inn iKni'ta^ fur il dy«|l
nut apfiritv ihitl uny nf Ihr kiiiga have «Var lor-
liirri) bial.inid IhoM pr|tili||ra of riljtrna vp<>* ..'
Jj() pliant, ii>i iiMire lliHii hati' ihe eiiilwHirt '
dune It iiuirr JHlrlyj nirtle It waa Ali'^^aiidvr whit
iiilroilui-ril M« Milu ihit cilyjal Aral, ihe kliif*
niigiueulril niir priviltgea (hi rein, ainl lh« Hu-
iiisus hate befii iilinaril li« iin^erv* ihrin al-
ways InuiilMlilr, Sliib'uvrr,^ufJi,n wniiihl lay •
bliit u|Mm III, hti'anie'wv ilu ndt i ri'H.'iiimKP* fur >■
our riiiiH'riirs; as if thitse riiipirriirailHt*i^iil know, i^
ihia bvliiri', or iIihmI in iienl i>f Apiiiu h< ikieiri^UH °
famlvr; wlirrvaa he mighl ralhrr in hatiailiiiirril
Ih* ntagnaniiiiily and uiinlesty uf (hi> Hmnans,
wheraby thiy do nut rnnipel (huae that are tub-
jri'l In them In Irilnsgriat ihe laws of (hririniin-
tries, but arn iWilling Innrtive the hniinrs ilu*
lo Ihrm after such a iiiiiiinitr as Ihnsr whu arv In
pay them rsleriii innaialvnl with plely, and with
their own Uw»;^fiir Ihey ilo nut thank pviipU for
rnnlVrrFnc honors u)ion tiinu, wlieii llir^ art
coinpellpil by vinleiice so In do, Arcnrilingly,
iiince the (irpriaiia n»d aonie niher nnliniia t^iink
It a right lhiii|r lo make iinairrs, nny, wlien they
liavv fiidnleii ine picliirra^ul Ihrlr piiniilt, anu >
wivea, and children, they rtiillidir j<i\ ; nifl ai'iliir
there are who lake piHures fur 'tiiVniaelvrs "bf
aurh (irrsons as were iiuwa^ relaleil tn them
nm, annie lake the ^-plclurts uf such aervania a<
they M(f re fund of What Wniider^s It then if aurh
us these apiiear willing lo pay the same ri'a|iei-t
In their princes and Juni^l lliit^ien, nur leKia-
liilnr hath lurliiilden -us lo iiiirin' laiiigta, iml by
way of deniiiicialioil beforehann, Ihal ihr KniiinH
iMiihnrlly was not lu lie hnnured, bul iiwVle-
spinlng a thing that was neitfier necessarv noir '
usiH'ul for either (iml nr man; and he lurlmde
lliem, as wo aliall prove herenfCer, to Make thesa '
iHiaici'S for any puf t of the anlninl rreatlon, nin)
much lehs furllud hini»eijay«h>ii!i no pari uf such
animal creation. Yet hreni our Irgialalur no-
where ^irliiilden us to puv honors (n worthy
nirn, provided Ihey beofanol)i»rkind,aiidinfi rlo^
to thuse we pay to Umi; wilh which honor* wa
^willingly testify our respect tn our emperors, and
to the people nf lioipet we iilso offer per|ieliiat
sacrifices for thetn: nor do We only oner I hem
every day at the roiiiWin expense* r>f all the
Jews, but althoiiKh we oner no other (lucli sacrl- .
lire* out'uf our coinmun expeiijies, no, not for our
own children, yet do we this as a peculiar honor
lo the emperors, and lo ihrm alone, while we do
(he saiiie to iiM other jierson whonisnrVer. AiiJ
let this sultiee for an miawfr In );eneral In Apion
a* lu what he ai^s with relation lo the Alexan-
drian Jews. _ ■
7. liuweyer, I cannot but admire those other
authors who furnished this m% with such hi* .
maiefiala: I mean I'ossidoniiis'a'nii ApoMoniui \
[^th^fcn of] Molo,* who, while ihey arcuse ui
lur not worsillpping the same gods whom iilher*
wnrship, they think themselves not guilty of im-
piety when thev tell lies of us, and frame absurd
anil' reproachful stories aliuul onr temple; where- '".
as it is a most shameful lhln>^ |'(,r freemen In forge
lies uq any occasion, and nlurh more so, to forge -
them about our temple, which was so famous over
all the worldi and wa* preserved so sacred by us;
for Apion had th« impudence to pretend, "that ..
the Jew* placed an assshead in their holy place,'*
•ltd he allimis, " that this was discovered whett^
Antiochu* Kpiphanes spoiled our temple, and V:
found that ai>s\ h^ad there made of gold, anil ..
worth a great ileal of money." To this niy firit' '
answer sliall be this, that had there heen any
*uch thing among us; an Kgyplian ought by no
vjr
.-■|-
/*
a
V
ni e ni i* to ha ve t hrow n it i p u ^i t e eth, t i iie* im aM .
*<'Blled miire prnfierly Mil* or jlfollmtui Moh, **
liereiiner, fiiT \i>illi>iim», Ih" Mm of Muki, wa* auetbat
wrsuu, as Btraliu mfuin* aa. hb.-uv.
_- ^- -- '- 3-^ -' ^ ^-
t^ rl
60H
nkvm nm'.fw»
Kimli, mill •ilii'T •Mill '("Kliir**. wlnrh »niiitia
rhfiii Sri «imI«, llm rii.iiU' llii« munir, I ••!)
(lirihxr, how fi>nit>* rt bIhmiI (h«l>|iiun ilnM nnl
wmlirtUiiil Ihw li> I'" •>•• "ihrr ihah » |iiil|iiil.U
||«, Dili l.t l» ti.iirulr.l »ijr IhB Hum it..ll'Mtitl>F-
l» Im'rnlihUT » "r »« J> «• »♦• •"♦«;» )tiiy»rn«l
b* th«i •< I»w». Ill »hl«h »• rfiM»liinll,v |(*r«-
Vtirti nii'l nllliuimli iim«» iiil'foHiim . Iiiik* li*-
fillrii 'iiii' ill|,«» til* lili* lim» Ixliill'" rttn*"'
•ihI nlili.iinli 'lh»»., iK(ti(ilimir«,l •ii'j l'<'*>|*v
tlvK (lr»«l, mImI (.Uiiii»» rrnMiiii, ami Itul rtl OH
'l'll«« l.'i'.iir, Iwn c-mii|ii« ir.l ii< ill »»»r. mill ((»'••
Uii iio»«Mi«n uf iiur li iii|tl«t )«l lion' lht|».iii«
Ol llirlil l.iiiwl miy ■Mill man thrtr, \M^Mt*t\
tnytltliiK iMit »(.«« ¥,»» mNNHiliU In ibnTWHut
Birtyt ullhoiiKh t»li«l lh.y lutni'l wriif» "ftol nl
h*m lit f* mill ill Mil)*!- i»)itM>iw. It'll (at i\n-
tiiwiiHt, [►'■v'l*"'""'! '"■ '*'"' '*" J"" •»,""• ';'
tiMI rumtC"' III our triii(ili' th»l lir iiiiiilri lif imfy
"CiBni' trj ii nrh#it hr wKBlwl HHnwy, i»(«J»«ul a».
(briiiif liiiiHi'lf "Mr fiinii) , •ml nlUi-kj'l ii< wlirt?
«« <vi M' bi« aiMirMlrn niMJ l)i» frinwUi War ''•'"'"
•ml miv thin({ th«ri> Ihm wM riHIrtil'iuv I lii«
lllitli'itil h) iimny wiirllijr «fil«r»i I'..1)Ihii» of
'M»K»lii|iiili«. SiriJMi 1)1' rjip|i»iliiiiii, .NhiiIuuii 111
t)«iim«rii», 'riiiiiil»nr«. ('.inlor llir rl)niHi|lii|{«-r,
■ml AiMilliiitxrut,! whuiill iftji, Hint il win bul of
AnliiH'liu«'> wiint of moiiry timt lin liroix' lii*
Unuut with Ihr J'W". ""'I ilriniiiUJ thur Ifiiipl*
whtn it *»«• full of KuM uml »il»»r. Aiiiou oiikIiI
til h«y» littil « regiiril to (licHi fuctn, uuKk* hf hml
liimwlf h»ii filtiemn •»»'• h'*'* ""■ " '*"|t'» ""'
fiuiltrtio; ot "urh ^ i»<i)f I iii»«n m Ihejf Hri.Mhl|ii
or li" Iiu'I no olhtT i sUiriiiil rrMnciii fur lh« ln'«
h» lillnuf Ui. A» for uf 4iw», «<• nurnh* no
hwmr iir pii«»r tii ««••», •• ily llm K.kj plini» l"
criicoilil"'" »ih1 iiipi. who» ''"> •••<••■»• •'"'* "•
«r«' itlioil u|imi liy th« foriutr, or liittrn by thv
Ull«r, to be Imppy ihtwjih. «iicl |i»r«on« morUiy
of (loi). Aiin iifi tlir •iiiim with iw whiicli tliey
•ri< with otlipr wi«« mm, vl^, irfalurrn ^iit titar
th* liuriil«iiii ttm wr l»y up»>ii tin nil I'mt if lli<y
Couic til our thr»«liing-no(.r«. ami mt oiir rnrn,
Of lb imt pirfwin wlmt wi- 1bi|IO»«- upon tlif in.
we l»»t there With » Kr«»t nmny itrip* «, hccwi'"
It la tlnir bmini'it tu miuHlcr In m» "> '""• "•"••
Wilrv nflJiir*. Hut thin Aplou of oun wm «Atti»r
fierfi .'lly unskilful in tho cuui|»o»itiiiii »l nurli fnl-
ui'i.iut .liteoumi'ii, or to«< v". wlirn he \iffinn
[•Oiiictvhat b«lt«-r] be WM iii'l «l»le to |M-r«v«re In
wlmt lie bml umlcrltkk'n, .iiic hi' Imtfi no innniicr
' oT lurPMH ill lbo«« ri'|»fO«clie» he cail§ upon ut.
8, He niJiU »iiolli«r Orsiian futile, in oriler t(»-
reproijch u». In rKplv (■> wtiich, it ivoulJ be
enoush to nay, (hut lh*y «ho prmmiie to upenk
«buut liiyiue worjliip, mi(5hl Hit to be ignornlit of
till! pl:iin truth, that it M » <U ere* of 1«»» l«il>"-
riiv to !»»»» throuKli templx^, lliim to for((e wirk-
«4" c»lomnie» of m print.. Now, »urb uh ii m
he are ninrp zcnloui to junlilV o wicrilegioui king,
than t.i write what itjunt aiiH what U true about
m niiil about our temple; fi'i' when they are de-
llrouHof gratilVmll Antiochui. and of rohrealiiig
^t perfidiousnew and iiicrili-(fe which he wan
guilty of. with regard to cw rMtion, when he
wanted money, they ejidciuor to disgrace lie,
■nd tell liei, ev«| relating to luturitici. A|ilon
• becomes other nwwi's prophet «|»on this occasion,
■hd iBj«. " that Antiochus lound In our leiiinlc
« bed unit a mnn lying upon it, with a small table
before him, full of dainties, from the [fishes of
the] sea, and the fowls of the dry land; that this
■nan was amaied at these dainties thus set be-
fore him ; that he immediately adof*d the king
vpou bis coming in, as hoping that he would nl-
fonl liini all possible astistance ; ttmt he fill down
thi' ki"H I'liil* luMi 'll J<»w«|, ««'• «••• "•'" "•"' ''•'
»«•, iind wh» he d«»U there, ainl wlwl Was trie
iii>i«nlii|t »t those tartoiia sorts ol f.iiHl lK«t Here
.et In r.>r» him, lli' iimit made a luBWMlabU. rmii.
..Uinl, and with Klghs. and lear. In hi.ey t«,n»i>>
hini this ■I'i'uunI ni' ihf .lintrm he wM In, ami
•aid. Hist he was 11 tifeik I that 11* he went
n*fr this iiro»ttire, in ordsf to gel hi. Ininij, he
was lelietf upon by fori.litwrs, ol^ a .iidden, am
brought t» this tenipb , and .hut up tlierrin. ami
WB> «r»n b) nobody, but WM. l.iil<ii<d by tline
rtiriinis protisions tliiM srt bilore hinii ami ilial
trul), at liie lirsl, surh unexpfled aiUantiigr*
seenird to him niHlter of grmljoyi that alter*
while, tiny brought a sii»pi<ii>» upon him, and, '
at length, astoiiislimrat, what llhiir mranuig
.houbnie ; that at last he impiin d ..f the .. rvanle
Ihiitiame to liiui, nml »»• by tlitlM liriorirt. il, that
It wnsiu*'"'" l'»l*'" fulrtlliiiu'n law of the Jews,
wbiih th»y nmitllot till blim that he win thus
fed; •ndliial they did the namf »t» set liuie >^<"r
y.iirt tbiit 0»y ""'I 'oiat.l adrerk lornuner
and Int lijni thu« up . >. ry venil i^nd ibi n biiil hint
t.i a certnin wood, ami kill liiiM. ail't .arrili. e with
ihtiir aei iKtoiiird soleniiiilirs, Bad ta.te of his en-
iniii., and take an oalb upml' thus «iirriflcJiiH[ n
tirr«k,thBl tiiey would ever'be atiiniiily wH"
the t!r«.k.; ami that then lliey threw the rrmaiii-
iwK |ia'l» "I 'h" mi""''"!'''' writrlj into it cei'taiii
oil.'' Apion adds f.irth(r. " that the man .aid,
there were hiiiu f< w il»)« In < ome ere be w«»
to be .Uiu, niid imidnreil AntJ'irhu*, lluit, "Ul Ol
iliff renrenre In- liore ti» the firtcian <lo<|^, fi*
llDltId di.upiiMiilt Ibr .uares the Jews |aid fiirhw
Ijliiod, and ». mid ililitirhiiii fi-nm the iniserii »
with wlilih he WB»eui'".iiipa«e«l." Now, this l»
suih a most tinKital li.ble as Is fall of noiliinU
Init ernrllv and imwuilenre; yet does it mil ex-
cuse Anlimlius of Vii« »a<'rile|(ions attempt', a»
Iho.e who wnite it in hi« viiidmltion are hiI)iiiu-
In siippo.e; (of he<-(.iild not prrsunie berorrhaml
Ihat br ihould meet with any su« h tbiiiK in i •
ing to the tiiiiple, but iiiii.t have loiiml it uuex,-
pif ti c!|j . He wns then ion still an iiiipious per-
,iin, tliiit wa» givrn to unlawful ple;i"uri», »ii'l
had no rcgiird to tlod iu bisailion^. Itiil | us lor
Apioiil he hath doni' whatevtr his eMnimprant
love of liing bnib dictated tu him, at it i. most
easv to disco»er by nconsi(l?rnlion of his writings;
for'lhe dillerknce'of nor hiws is known nut to re.
giird the tirecians only. 'but they are primipnlly
oniwalfe to the Kgvptfaiis. and to some other na-
tio|»ttlsoi (or while it so fajU out. that nun ol
allcosintruB '.'ome •omelinies alid »"j"urli nnion|r
us, liiw tomes it about that we lake an oath, and
conspire only ngiii'ist the Creciana, and that bjr
the eflfusion of their blood also ? Or, him Is it
possible, Ihat alt the Jews should get together iu
these sncrillics. and the inlrrrit* (il one niaa
should bn Bullirient for »o iiiMiv thousands to
tasli' of them, B» Apioli pretinds'? Or. why did
not the king curry this niun, whosoeyer he was,
and whatiHM-ver was his i|,anic, (whwh is not set
ilowu in Apion's book,) eritb great ponin buck
ihto his own country, when h« might thereby
have been esteemed ■ religious person hiiuM'll,
nnd a inighty loyer of the (ireeks, and might
thereby ha«o procured himself g;rcat assiitance
from all nieii against that hatred the Jews boro
to him. But l1ea»« this matter, for the pniBcr
yray of confuting fools is not to ose bare words,
but to appeal to the thing* themselye* that make
against them. Now, then, all »nch M eycr snw
the construction of our temple, ef whnt nature it
was, know well enou;<h how the purity of it was
never to be profaned; for it hail four several
' th tluiste r s r ound nhoiit
fciat ; I mean so far of their wril inns as cnnlaineil that *>.
si;ri|iliiin; thoutli it b plain J<is*|i)iu«|»rusijdll«ma«,a«
eJtniit in his timi>. ,,.,,.
(It istemarlialili) that Jiwoiihiis b«io. anil, I Ihiok, no
fonlliini all possible assistance ;»mt net. II down never lu or pru.........
apon bis knees, and stretched out to limi bis right eourU,) encompassed »■
t'^''*"" hi the liatin, but what animal ii denotes does
not now npiiear. u »„
ui? iS tompio by Antiochus Ei«iihunei illuul^^all where else, reckons np f«,r .Itstnait eouit. of tUtt tguipio
ArtAINMT APlON.-WX)K II
•»»r» Mk« ■»* whufc kml. ••» uHr l»w, » prtiilmr
ft^
4«(r** of •a>|Mri>lhi« Iroit lh» r>«l. Inlii lh« Ariil
fr*. milt »""» •>"« wuiiim, A\»i»% \\»Vi fimr»»«.
w«rr iirxhilMUit •'• »»»• ItiBiiigh )l; itti ihf i»w»
want mil) lb* Ifiunil I'uurl. m Well •• ll» ir wltr*.
whm t|i*y «••'*' ''•'" fruMi all uiu U niiiiv*^ • inl"
III* thinl *»i'» «h» Ji'»»i»l> ni< II «''«•'> "'"7 w***
<lriin uiiil (luriHnli mill tlu' (.iiiflli t»«iit thu
Jiri»«l«, hiiviin <iH iti»ir •iM'iiriluljl n'lnm »•• I"''
iirlhxiuuX M«' r*il jUmi'. mill* »• ill in liijt tlio
hlKh Hriiilt <f>ittliil 111 Ihrir iHi'iilmr unrimnl.
ISuw Ihrrr i< «> grfiil riiulum u»<it iili ml IIhmi
tifflirt'iiT rrtlKiim, ihiij III* |irinl« ««•• i«(i|<"iiiti il
(11 ||ii Hit; lliii li'iiipU but ul irrliiiu h<iiir», liif in
Ihi' luuritintt, ut tlil< y\\» iliiiK nf til* iiin* r Iviiipli .
Iliu«< l|i«t *xv lu (((iHiiiu'ririivB ttii' «|ii riliri*
M Ih^ <lu HKviii •Mi>i"ii>
LMtfv. it !• IKll v» IIIU> Il
vi'tdil liilci llid holy liiiilM. ..,. ^
Ihf'Hiii tint tl|f> nltmr fnf rni-*-*"-.)-!!* •■•'»»•' •»•»
(hliw^liriiul,) III* r<ii«rt, uml llm i «ii'll'«tii ^i
Whirli iir.1 iiWwrilU' tin liw, fiut«U<ri n »«■
tiiliiK l.irllii r Ui»rr, nor iiri lliirn iiiiy Mij^l'iH"
pfrhiriiiril ilinl liiuy not l>i> «|>iiLrii ul'i «<ir i« iln c
an) fiitllliiiK w'llliiu iIm.' |iIi»< ••■ turwliit I liiix'
imw ilflil il imlilirly known, uiiil •ii|ijMirii'il Ih
(Im tfitiiiiony «f 111' vvtiol* ii«^i|il<', Uml llmr
onernliani nro very; it^tlV^t, &t hUIioukIi lli.f
ba I'liurCKiirxn UW|W'jll-it>t», «««l ixri "iii "•
thfiii have iliov*^ thouiiiiull ju« n in tlinu, )< t
■ thiin
u>'rii-riya tlu' »|iirMir««>
II, lilt|U<^<l'">i'*^i*'*' 'luit.
Il MMItliil 111 iiirr) 111^
«'. (iiit^liiiri' iiH» thiiri;
MHruiK • , iiihI <l«MMi (rf) )|uU I al toHir tH<lan^« \
ami itiMi /kIimIik, wild* ilicy.i uMliiiiioi «• turv
iilii«l, « I Mt Into ill* li»l) liiiH»'i an>l larrft'il ull
lliat kolift n h»«il lira* iim,(I'o> iu Iii'iIIomI"
ilotaiKi' tt rill',) mill Ihi-nwiNl lil«w«> liit'kaKalii
III lliira, lu uriiit li»«lr." An I an) ymi «.., •i»l
a< I iiiiiy 'irb- II"'* *'"'* A|Utiii IoikI III* rm,
that la hiiii>*ll, ami lay* nil liiiii a iMinlin i»l Ijxit-
rrira anil h«'«i hi* ha writx iil iiliirra thai Ka«»
nil litiDM, aiiil Aot liniiMini( lluidtiaa li» ii|iraka
iif, lt)irliMiiKt> Itii'irailnaliiin, fiirMuuii'itlionli r«
iifHiii our iiMiulrv, iinil i* niiir lu lima, if) hIih h
lb*i<' i< iiii.aiKii riiy a* Horni allli>iii||li '\hara
lit, Il la liifi,ii Illy nmiii'il Dnriii III IIhiiim la,-
near M'laiil C'iriiiil, liul it i> f'lur il'iy*' jmirnrjf
iVimt Klulni-ii.* .NiiM, lliun, why iliiia tin* ninii
lU'i'MM' u>,li<iaH>r Wi li|i««> mil Kill* ill ''•iiiinin* :
Hilli iilliil* iiiillnliaf II iiur f.>r< iHllivM niri' lO
I'Uiiili )iri|tulliit H|iiin til liiiv* AiHittii {'iiiit 10
iliiiii, iiini iliiiiiKlit iliiy oiw t»{iii HulliiiiK I'P'in '
ilu: (JuUi^iauU tlic at4ti uiili luiui lur niLitnty
iliiiai whii h.iv* Ul iiiaily U«iiial«,,«Jnr« iii iliiijf
|l|(li| liiniiw, iiiiial )>l, at tUii riili'i liiiii »*\*t
•II II a t'ui|ill<>lii'i>! lull •till il ■■'•III* tliiil wtiil*
/iilinlut liiiik lilt |Mitriii'y imrtlM' i>iiii|tr),iltll«rv.
Mirt' au iiiiiiiy l>n iIihumiiuI* ul |ii >;|i|i<, iiotMily
iiiilliiin.i III' ul«ti| II aii'in*, tiiren ill nl tittlr ■il'
fiiuiiil til* tt alia III ■lirlKHllpn ili a^lliilr 'i.'
ami wt
Kimrila' 1 limit tliv n ^t<
fllic limit* I'l llm
do liny (.(rfni* n r- rliiiii itiylTojily
ibnar il,i •■, ullii 1- |., ifila aui;i'4'»'il in 111''
Btrllirilliii" i ,f .fgriliria, ani< K«»«l«lll'; III*
Kctltar «<t iiliil-iiaiy.aail rrctivr Ihii kii^uf tlii'
Wi'Ude, WkI Itw* ♦•»»«l« l^y lnl«. wimiWl 11")
tliiiiK i,f^I»«iiis I" fi»o<t orilrink liiinKCiirriiij iiiiii
Ihii U.iii|»|<., nay.w« an; ikiI iillawfl In olli i imi'li
thliwa at the allar, <ixci'|itinK wliu^ ia pri'|iur'''l
lot Om- iarriBct-i. V , i
« IVImt tlii'u ran w« uiy of AiiiiAi Itut Hint
IM • xaniiiii'il lliirfiinc that rum «rii«il (lit"' tliinic*.
4Vhtl« atill III' I ' ■•«il ini-rrUilili' woriU ujmiil
ftihi .' hut it ia a ^. it aluinie fur n ifmiuiiiiiniiii
not mIi'^ able to *mu' tni« liiatofy. !S(m». il li<^
kuuw (ho iiurlly »f our Irniijle, ho lialli mtir*!)
-OiniKrtI to takii milire of it; but li* forgna a
iter) about tli« aeiiinK of a (tjiclad, bIioiiI- iihI>
febli' fooil, ami thr iimat d< Uiiuua |iri'|iuriitl'iii "T
datntiri; and iipilrnda that alriinnera iniild go
into ■ iilnrc, whrrriiilo (lir iiiilil<'at nun iiiiiniiK
the Jewa are not ulluwi il to «:nt('r unlna llixy I"'
prielU. 'Iliiii, tlii'Ti'liirr, \\ tin; utiuotl dru'"' "'
rinpirty, and a vulimtiiry lir, in ord< r to iImj di lii-
lioo ol thoie who will I'lot rxuininc into llii' Irulll
of uiattrrt. Whrria*, mirh unapinkiililr nii#-
thirfs a« arc aliyvr rrl'.i(i'd,,liii,vr Ixrii ori-a»ioiird
■ by «uch niluninioa that ii»»riiimd upon ua.
10. ^By,lllill iiiitKrta'itl pitly ilJfiiU-» ii^fiir-
Ihcr, «nd udda Ihu" ffiUowNig ^irnrpil. d la.!U to
bit lornitT. faldr; for V aayn, Umt^lii. iiiuil »';•
latrd how, " wliilc' ♦lir Jrw^ wtrc oik<! in ii loii(f
warwiih the Idunicniia, thi re cume aniiin'out ol
one of the jciliei of the IduiiieHiis, who tin re burl
wor«liil>pr<' Apidlii. 'I'liiii niun, ivhiwe iiftiiie i*
taid to have licrn /id>idua< raiiic tn llii- Jew*,
■nJ proniiatd that he wimlrl deliver Apollo, the
cod of Dora, into their hiuiitai and llml hti would
comfc to oar Iriiiple, il tliry would all roiiiq up
. with him, and Xmnf, thr wliolr niullitude of the
Jtw« withthein; that Zabiiiu* Hiadohiin » rir-
Uin wooden inalruuieiit, and put it niHud about
hiiu, and «rt ihrrii row* of 1 iuipn therein, and
walked after «urh w iniinner, Ihiit he apoearrd to
tho»e that tlood a grtat way oil hjin to be a kind
of star wiilkinif upon the «nr;h; that Ihi' Jv«h
wel» terribly Iriglitrimil lit "<> it^n prmus an ap-
holy huute Weill atiiHlyf ruMjiiliiili, iiliid Irtiii-.
ly 1 iiliiU broad i lliey were all pluH 'I iiwi C |l^jlll >,
((old, and iiliiiuM Ifl'aolid y.\M (l-t 11, ii'lid ll^ele S
wire no riwrrllumtwinli j men rvipiiriHlo -''ilHL*f,'
Iheiii every day; norialia'it law tnl ever' lii hlvF ',
Ihciii op'ii, ll>o|it(h ik <<eeni< Ihi* liiiupd^iHiii i of ^,
oura ojMinil Ilu III «M»di, or Ibounlil hit ii|'»mll', r
thrill, as 111! tlif>Ui{ln lie fiail the ai-'* hr^3 m h'lrr
iiaiid. Wliitlwr, lb' rrfme, hr remniedi It li^ u»'
a|;ain, ur wtirlhrr A|Mim took it and bri^il^'hl It
Into llie tempio iiK"'", lIlM Aniiorhua iiiiKhl liiid
II, and aflord a liHndlr fur a aei'ond llililr ■ I
Apion'*. ia uiirrrlatn.
lion »> la uiirrrlain. I
II. Aploit.alno II lit » falag ttory wheu hr iiii >'^
llona tt»o<|lh oT uur<,ai if we "•wore by lUd, Ij'n .,
lliltkrr ul liie lla aven, ami earth, ami ara. to lu'ir
no itooA wiW to any I'oreujnrr, and partlrillurly i • ^
none If the (^"leeka," iNow thia liar iilljtlil' 1o W'
have « lid dirrrlly, that " we would bear i^o i;oc<|
will l( ally fori ij^lier, ami partiruliirly to (loilli
the Kiyi>iiaiai." Kor thin liia, atory abiul."
ualh i'u*Mid have iMjuarejl with the rt«( ol'
uriKiiiit Ktrgelji*,-^! « <y «e our l.lrefalhrr^ had
Ijeen ilrivrn awiiy by ihrir kiliaiiien (hi( I'-jfyp-
li.iiiK, not on iicrouul of any wuk'dnam (he) had '
been guilty uf, but on arcnuiit <d the riiliiiiiilie*
Ihu'were liiiiler; for n» to the tireiiana, we are
tUll'iir rrniute iVoni tlivni \n plure, than ililtirejit
from llicnl ill our iiutitutiiiiia, inioiiiui'h that WiL
iiave HO enmity with tliiiii, or any jealouay 6f
ihrni. On Ihi ronliary, it bath m hiippmed, '
that many of Iheiil have ruinr over to our lirtva,
and aoio) of ihrni hate roiiliniieii In Uirlr obnrr-
vaiioii, ulthon|;h utlina of Ihrm had not roiiru|;«
enouBli lo lUrraeverr, and ao departed from ihein
attain; or did any body t vtr hear tliia oath »Horn
by ua; Apioii, il «et ma, wai( tfie only peraon thiit
hrarl it, (orhe indeed waa the fir»t rompoair nf it,
12. iioH«vtr,Apionde»rrvri to br admired foi;
hi* (cri'it prudence, an to what 1 ani'^oiil'.; lo lay,
whiuli il tida, thut "thnrlt in a plain mark auiqn;^
Ua, Ihlil we neither have iuat liWa. nor Hor»h>)) ,
(iod HI we ousht to do, beriunr wu are not %>}• .
veriitimi bill are ratlirc(ii tubjirlion to 'lentiUit,
iometi)iie« to one nation, and soinetini'a to hno- '
iher; mid thai our rily hath been lialilc to seve-
ral ralamili!*, while tl'ieir rily ' Al' Aamliia) ha}h
been of old lime an impirial rily, ami n >1 uaed
that of Ihp Ornlilea, lh»l nf ihn wiiaum iif laraiil, that of
th« men of laraol, ani «|il of Ihii iiriintai i>f nl-'S il)at
tbo coarl nf Ihe wumenJUlniilli'H "f ih" mr". (• 'MPP;""
onlv uf the hiHluiiiila of tliuH" wivi » ilial wirv lliiriln,)
wblli! IheeoMtwf.tte ineaji'l not admit any women into
iliiall.. ■.■..••■■■
* Judra, ia tin) Greek, by a (jrom miatake ol tn" irani-
erilirra.. • '
<H>'vrn, ia lh>' liriM-k, hv a liku (.'ros* n utnKijIif lh«
lianarrili'T". Se Of ilir U'or, II. v. rh. t^.il. 4,
ITwoliiinilri'il.ia till' liteek, contrary luihu Iwruty ia <
iho Wift, B. vii. eh. t.jbM. 3s - v- .^ -- -. -
■II
\
/"
600
fXAVIUS JOsilPHUS
(o be in lubjieuon to the Romnni." But now
ihif nmn liad better leave otf his brngKing, for
evtry bo<ly but hiuitelf would .tbiiik.thtt Apion
•aid what h^) hath laid agviutt hMntrlf; for there
are very fiw natiuni that have liud the fcoo^ '<>■'-
tunc to continue hiany f^enerationii in th^ prihci-
dity, but (till the inulationt in huniaii' affniri
« puPthein into iubjection under others; and
uioKt natiunr have been often lubdueA, and
brought into iubjection by otlieri. Jioyi for the
Egyptiani, perhapi they are the only nation that
have had tnit estmordinury privilege to hnvc
never urved iThy of those niqniirchs who iiuhdu-
cd Aula and l^ropc, and Ihfi on account, an (hey
pretend, thnt the god* lle(l iiito their country,
and unved tlicmiielvei by being rlinnged into tlic
shapm of wild bcnati! Whcreiia these Key|v
tiuiis* are the very p<;opIe who appear to rmve
. never, in ull the past nges, hod one day of free-
dom, no, not • J much as from their own lords. For
I will not reproach -them with relating the man-
lier how the I'ersiani usiid them, and this not
onve only, but luan^ times, when they InWI their
^ cities waste, dcnioliihed their temples, and riit
the throHta of.those animals whom they estreni-
ed to be goiis; for it is not reasonable to imitate
the clownish igftar^nce of Anion, who hath no
. regard to the niisfortunea of the Alhenianf), or of
the Lncedemonians, the latter of whom were
; ilyled by all men the most courageous, and the
former the most religious of the Cireciiina. I sny
nothing of inch kings as have been famous fo'r
pie'.y, partlculyly Of one of them whose name
was Cresua, nor what calamities he met with in
his life: i say nothing of the citadel of Athens,
of the temple at Kphesus, of that at Delphi, nnr
of ten thousand others which have been burnt
down, while nobody cast reproached on those
that were the lutliefers, but on those that were the
actors therein. But na«^ we have met with Apion,
an accuser of our nation, though one that still
forgets the miseries of his own people the Kgyp-
tians; but it is that Seso^tris, who was once' so
celebrated :i king of Egypt, that hath blinded
^hiin: now we will not brag of our kings, David
and Solomon, though they conquered uiany na-
tions: accordingly we will' let them alone. How-
ever, Apion is Ignorant of what every body
knows, tnat the Egyptians Were servants to the
Cersians, and afterward to the Macedoniniis,
when they were lords of Asia, and were no bet-
ter than slaves, whiU we have enjoyed liberty
formerly; nay, more tli.an that, havejfiad the do-
minion of the cities tliat lie round afiout us, aiid
'this nearly for a hundred and twenty years to-
eether, uiitil I'ompcius Magnus. And when all
tiie kings every where were conquered by the Ro-
mans, our ancestors were the only people who
continued to be esteemed their runfederutc!! and
iriends, on account of their fidelity to them,
t3. But says Apion, "we Jews' have not had
.any wonderful men luiiongst us, not any invent-
or* of arts, nor any eminent for wis<loni:" —
He theni enumerates Socrates and Zeno, and
Cleanthet, and some others of the same sort; and
. after all, ho adds himself to them, which is the
moat wonderful thing of all that he says, an<l
pronounces Alexandria to be happy because it
nath such a citizen as he is in it: lor he was the
fittest man to be a witness to his otvn deserts;
although he hath appeared to all others no better
than a wicked ihountebHnk, of a corrupt life and
ill discourses; on which account one may justly
.''|iity Alexandria. If^ it should value itselt upon
inch a citizen as he is. But as to our own men,
♦This notoiiiius disgrace liclnh|;iiig peculiarly to the
people of Ei:ypt, ev(?r Kinr/^ the timtM of the oht pntphettf
of'tiie Sewn, tutted botli Mi'Ction 4 ulrcaily, and here, tiiay
!ie con6rined hy Iho Icalimony of Isudurus, an K^vptioii
,„.,.._: r.„:.. ■„ i • 4i«i • ■■■■ ■ ■
we hayjahnd those whiThave beeii as deserving of
cuiiunriidittion. nsnny otherwhosocver; 'and such
as have Ueniaed our Antiquillci 'cannot be igno-
rant of tifeni. A
14. As;to the other things which ho atti down
as blanie-jnrorthy, it iniiy perhaps be the beat w»y ■
to let ihttii pKsi without a|K>logy, that he may be
allowed to be hit own accuser, and tlic accuter
of the rcn of the Kgyptians. Ilowever, he ac-
ruaea ua for sacrificing animals, nhd for abstnin-
ing from nwine'a Hcan, and laughrul ua fur tlie ,
rircuiiiciston of our privy members. Now, as for
our sluuglitrr of tame aiiimala for aacrifirca, it ii
conimon to us and to all other liicn: but thia
Apion, by making it a crime to sacrifice theih|dcr
munstrates hiniself to he un Egyptian; for had
he been either a Urrcian or a Miicedonian, (aa he
pretenda to be,) he had not showed any uneuai-
ni'Hs at iti for those people glory in sncrificiii):
whdie hecatombato the gods, and inukc u^c ot
those sacrifices for feasting; anO yet is not the
world thereby rendereil destitute o( cattle, an
.'\pioii waiMiii!>id would roine (6 passi Yet if all
men had followed the ninnners of the I'jjy'ptians,
the world hud rertuinly liien madedesollitt as to
mankind, buthad been fdled full of the wildcat
sort of brute beasts, vvliich, herausi' they sup-
pose them to he gods, tliev carci'ully nourish;—
However, if any one sliouUl usk Apion which of
the f'.gyptians He thinks t'i be the most wise and .'
most pious' of them all, he would cvrtaiiily ac-
knowledge thi.- prirst< to be so; for the historie*
say, that two things were originally committed to
their care by their king's injunctions, the wor-
ship pf thfsgoda, and the support of wiadoin and
philosophy. Arcordingly, these priests are all
circumcised, niKl abstain from swine'a flesh: nor
doca any on? of the other Kgyptiahj assist them
in slayiig those sacrifices they oiler to the gods.
Anion was therelore quite blinded in his mind,
when, for the aake of the Egyptians, he contri-
ved to reproach us, and to accuse auch others as
not only make use of that conduct of life which
he 40 much nbuacj, but have also taught other
men to be circumcised, as says Herodotus, which
makes me think that Apion is hereby justly pun-
ished for his casting such reproaches on the law*
of his own, country; for he was circumcised him-
self of necessity, on arc.iunt of an ulcer in hit
privy member; Hnil when he received no benefit
ny such circumcision, but his nieiiiber became
putrid, he died in great torment. , Now men of
good tempers ought to observe their ci,wn laws
concerning religion acciiiately, and to perscyere
therein, but not presently abuse the Jaws of other
nations; whi|e thid Apion deserted his own laws,
and told lies about ours. And this was the end
of Apion's life, and this shall be the conclusion
of our discourse about him.
15. But now, since Ap>illoiiius,Molo, and Lyai-
inachus, and some others, urite treatises about
our lawgiver iVIoses, and about our law^, which '
arc neither just nor true, and this partly out of
ignoraniJe, f)Ut chiefly out of ill-will to us, while
they ralumnia)»!~iUoses as.an impostor and' de-
ceiver, and p/etcn(f\hai our laws teach us wick-
edness, but nothing:; that is virtuous, I have a
mind to discourse brielly, according to iny ability,
about our whole constitution of gnvernmeut, and
about the particular bi'anches of it. Kor I sup-
pose it will thence become evident that the lawf
we have given us nredisposcd after the best man-
ner for the advancement of piety, for mutua.
communion with one another, foi* a general love
of mankind, as tdso for ju^^icc, and for suatiiin-
truth of which still furlhor apjieiirs hy the prcm*nt||bsor-
vatiiin of Jusi'|ihu:<. lh»t thrsu t;:[y|itiitns had never, in all
the piMl ajjcs since gi'suitris, liaduno day ut' liberty, no-
n,it so much as to have been free from dutiioiic po\vi!r an-
A«
m
u f Pclm iu m , E p is t lili. i. et i p . 4 ^1 . , An d this a rom a r h. d or a nyof tho iiinnarnh s to that day . — And n il tlii s ha*
ittg Uheun wi
death. And I
wfiting of mini
■t is nut luy pu
ourselves, but
apoloKy for us.
accoruing to wl
•niaiiy and the
made against
ioniiis does not
RccusatiiiB agai
uud up and duv
times reproacle
and sonietiuiea
qf courage, nnc
nccuses ua of t(
our conduct:
wenkiisi uf all i
reason why wi
.iiade no iiiipr
think I shall h
these his allega
our laivs eujoi
aaya, and that i
lawa ourselves,
mention of the
contrary to oun
theniielves for
predate pur la
nor will there, I
then) to pretei
laws ourselves,
aent to the reac
men, continue i
Iti. To begin
would advance
who have beer
living under CO
troduce them, I
they arc better
tiota, and such
indeed, tiBir e
they ordained I
(hey might not
might appear tc
living to others
the case, the en
providing for t
manner, and in
use the laws he
opinion of them
persevere in tl
them, neither ii
I venture to sa'
ancient of all tf
svhcre heard ol
Solons,and Zal<
gislators who i
they seem to b
out' legislator, i
law was not si
among the Urcc
truth of this o<
Icrm in all his p
no such thin^
was governed
junctioqi of *hc
*rii. After the
their obedience t
Scripture Politica
tThitlannuase
himaelf that whi
can mean no nior
«laewhere, than t
iai/ullii satiajiei
ny revGlntiont tie
raerpua miraclm t
both in these very
Antiquiti|i matte
h farther eVideii
he affirms that Mc
where he assures I
mentwatnoothe
nblo completion uf the ancient iirediction of l?od, by
Eiek «%y(. U, IS.— "Tliat Iho Ejryptiana shnulil be a
base kinijdom. the basest nf thn liin»d<iq|«;" und that it
"tbouU uut 6Mk. itself uny more abiMiitlMi nations." The
iK^n fuand e<|ual|y true, in the latle( ases, under the Ko-
mans. ^raCens, Mamelukes, nii'l Turks, from the dayaof
Jusephua to.tho present a^ also, '
they are to hope I
ifr:.
AGAINST APION.-BOOK 11. rtOj
tliht tlii'y runtiiHictt in the u>« of tlirtr iinwritteB
I lini
ing hhouTi with fortitude, and fur a cuiiti'in|)t oF
ilcatb. And I beg of thujie thAt shnll (MiruHu thi*
writing o( luirte, to read it without parlialily ; fur
it iit nut my purpose to write un fhciiinlnni upon
ounelvct, but I •ball e'atcrni tliis mi a moat jiiit
apoloKy for u», and Inkcii from those our liiw«,
Mcvorumi; to which we Ifiiil our liyt>«, against the
.many and the lying objectioas- that hiive been
made against us. Moreover, liiice this Apot-
ioniusdoesnotdo Ijke Apian, aifd lay acgatiuuid
RCCusalioB against as, hut does it oidy by slartx,
U4id up and down bix dixcoursc, whije lie some-
times reproaches us as utheisli, and niiih-hatirii,
and sonietinics hits us in the teeth with ouruiint
qf couinge, and yet i^unKitiines on the rontrury,
nccuscs ua of too great bulduess< iind madness in
our conduct; nay, ho says, that we are the
wenliist of all the biirharinnji, and that this is tlie
reason why We arc the only jieople who have
.iiade no iinproveuient* in hHiiinii lii'c, J^oW 1
think I shall have then suincientlv diiiproved all
these his allegations, when it shaft apjirar thiit
our laiva eu|oia the very reverse of what he
says, and that we very carefully observe those
law* ourselves. And if I becunipelled to luake
mention of the laws of other nations, liiat are
eontrarv to ours, those ou^hrdeservedlv to thank
theiiiielves for it, who nave preten(r(.'d to de-
preciate pur laws in comparison of their own:
nor will there, I thiajt, be any room after that for
tbcui to pretend, either that we have no such
laws ourselves, an epitome of which I will pre-
sent to the reader, or that wc do not, above all
men, continue in the observation of tlieni.
IC. To beg^in then a good way backward: I
would advance this, in the first place, that those
who have been adhiiren of good order, and of
living under common laws, and who begiio to in-
troduce tbcm, may well have thiatestiniony, that
they an' better than other men, both for niodera-
tiota, and such virtue ua is ngneeablo to nature,
indeed, tiBir endeavour was to have every thing
they ordained believed to be very' ancient, that
(hey might not be thought to imitate others, but
might appear to have delivcrcti a regular way of
Irving to others after (hem. Since, then, this is
the case, the excellency of a legislator is fden in
providing for the people's living after tire best,
manner, and in prevailing with thoiic that are to
use the laws he ordains for theni, to halve a good
opinion of them, and in obliging the multitude to
persevere in them, arid to make no changes in
them, neither in prosperity uor adversity. Kow,
I venture to say, that our legislator is the most
ancient of all the legislators whom we have anv
where heard of; for as for the Lycurguses, and
Solons.and ZaleucusLocrensisrand all those Icr
gislators who are so admired by the Greeks,
^ they seem to be of yesterday, if compared with
out' legislator, iiisomuch as the very name of a
law was not so much as known in oltl times
among the Urecians. Hoincr is a witness to the
truth of this observation, who neTer uses that
term in all his poems: 'for indeed there was then
no such thin^ among theju, but the multitude
was j^overned by wise maxims, and by the in-
junctions of *hcir king. Itwasalsoa longtime*
* rit. After the greatest partof the world had left off
their obedience to Ood, tlieic Original legislator. Sec
Scripture Politics, pane ti, 7.
t This languase, tliat .Moses rriKTsi; 'iKuf Of, per«KaifnI
himself Unit what lie did was arrordinE to t^od'a wilt,'
can mean no morn by Josepliiis'a own constant notions
elsewhere, tlian tkal he Wna firmly ptrsuadrd, that he !
bad/H</.iriiiiiii)/!c(<Aiai>e;/,tliatiioitWas,*ii.hf iliewa-
ny revclnlions he had received from Cod, and tlie nu-
merous miracles God had ciiahted Jiim to work, as he,
both in these very two liooks against Apion, and in his
Antkiuitifsmostrlearlyandfrequcntlyasauresua. This
is farther evident from several (insaagef lower, wljere i pernaturai'
he affirms that Moses was no impostor nor deceiver, and I $ This whole verflsi
where he asnirca us that Moses's >-onstitution Of i^verii^ | reeled by Dr. Hudson,
meat was no other than a theocrac v: and where he sitys ' Prsip' Evangel, vii. a. -
customs, although they were alnays rliuiiginc
thoni U|M>ii several occasions, lint lor our legis-
lator, wlio tvaoof so much grrater antiquilv than
the rest, (as even those who speak iin.iiint us
upon all iH'caaions do always confiss,; he exi
hiliilcd himself Id the people as their hrst go-
vernor and counsellor, and includril in his ligis- ■
lation the tntire conduct of their llvi«, and pre-
vailed witli th< ni t(i receive it, and b!'oii(;lit it so
to pass, that those that were made ift'ipminted
with his lawadid moat carefully obsirte thini.
17. Hut let IIS consider hia firat and ijrtatest
work: for wliepi it was resolved on by otir fore-
fathers to leave Kgypt, and return to their own
country, llii» Most a took the many ten thiMinauda
that were of the people, and saved Ihnn out.ol
timuy desperate dillriaacs, and brought tUera
home in aalVty. And certainly it was here ne-
ceaaury to travel over a couiitrv without water,
and full of sand, to overcome their enemira, and
during these battles, to preserve their children,
and their wives, and their prey; on all which oc-
casions he bpcaiiie an excellent gintrul of an
ariiiy, and a must prudent counsellor, and one
that took the truest care uf them all; he also so
brought it about, that tlie whofe multitude de-
pended upon him. And while he had them always
obedient to What he enjuined, he made nu'man-
nerofuso ofhis authority for his own private ad-
vantage, which is the usual time when governor*
gain great powers to theinsilves, and pave the
way for tyranny, and accustont^ the multitude to
live very dissolutely : whereas, when bur legis-
lator was in so gi-eat authority, he, on the con-
trary, thought he ought to have regard to piety,
and to show his great good-will to the pt^ople
and by this means he thought Jic might show the
degree of virtue that was in him, and might pro-
cure the most lasting security to these who had
made him their governor. VVben he had, there-
fore, come to aiirh a good resolution, and had
performed such wonderful exploits, we had just
reaabn to look upon ourselves as having him ftjra
divine' governor and counsellor. And wlun he
had (irat persuaded himselff that his actions and
designs were agreeable to God's will, hctiiought
It his duty to impress, above' all things, th:it no-
tion upon the multitude:' for those who have
once betieyed that fiod is the ini|)ector uf their
lives. Will not permit themselves in any siii. Ami
this is the character of oiir legislator: he was no
impostor; no deceiver, aa bis revileni sav, tliough
unjustly, hut snch a one as they brag Rliiios) to
have been amon^ the Greeks, and otiu r legis-
Jators after him: tor some of them suppoi.e that
they had their laws from Jupiter, while Miuos
said, that the revelation of his laws was to be re-
ferred to Apollo, and his oracle at Delphi; whe-
ther they really thought they were so derived,
or supposed, however, that they, could persuade
the |ieople caaily thatso it was. liut which of
these it was who made the best laws, and uhich
had_ the greati'st reason to believe that God was
their author, it will'- be easy, upon coni|iaring
those laws themselves together, to determine;
for it is time that we come to that point.[ I', A'gW
by pram to God, and that withal it was owing in part
to thisjirophetic spirit of Moees,lhBt the Jews experted
a resurrection from the dead; t^e almost as «iniiii,'e a
useof the like words ^-oa-ioK Tcv »■», t« »erjHi«/a Uiiit.
Antiq. b. vi. eh. V. sect. e.
t Thai is. Mows really was, what the heathen legisla-
tors pretended to lie, under a divine direetipn: nor docs
it yet appear that tliese pretentions to a sup<:rnalural
conduct, eitlicr in these legislators or oracles, were mere
delusions of men, without any demoniacal liiipre«aiiira,
nor that Josephuslook them so to he, as the ancicn'est
andcoteiuporary authors did still believe them to be su-
paasiige from [] to •♦•,i«ror-
»nf Eusebiusli cIMtion of It,
ilrh Is here n a t ■l i tt l e di lTsrent —
^~m^
they are to hope for deliijFerancc out of tiicir distresses | from the procnt US8. of Josephiii.
N
,^-,
mi
FLAVIUS JOSEPIIUS
„>wblc Uiffcrencei in the pnr- wl.il* Oie Athenian., and ainioit all U.e olJi^f
then arc innnini.^- - , .
titular cuitomt umlTawi that iirc among »l man-
Oreciani, made l»w» about what wa» to lie doiin
or left undone, but had no rigard to the *\t^
cining them thereto in practice. ■
18. But for our leeiiiUtor, he Tery carefully
Lfth.Tumu"^™Ka7c'hre',;amrM^^^^^^^ the.e twT, „..tho.l. of in.tru.tion tog.-
^iS;;:i:t:; H^ our ,;,i..or ..d ihe. ^r ihe^o.eH.ft ^s;:^^'-
permit the hearing of the law to proceed without
the exercine* for practice, but Ixginning iniiue-
diately from, the earlieit infancy, and the appoint-
ment of every one'ii diet, he [eft nothing of the
liind.whichamau iilay briertv reduce under the
fullowine beatlt: ioine Icgi^atorf liav* permit-
led their i{overnnient» to bo under monarchies,
nthen put the
under a republ...... .- _ „ , • .
iiu regard to any of tlieie form», but he onlaineu
uur govermuent to be what, by a strnined ex-
pre»«ion. may be termed a theocracy .« byas-
jrribing the authority and the power to (jotl. and
by periUading all the people to have a regard to
hini.ai the author of all thing* that wcreeiijoycd
either in common by all muBkind, or by earn
one in particular, and ofall that they thonnelves
obtained by praying to hin» in their greatest
diflicultics. lie informed them, that it was ini-
imuible to escape Ood'«ol)»ervntion. even in any
of our outward nrtioiis, or in any of our mward
' thouxhti. Moreover, he represeiiH d (Jodf a« un-
beeotten and immutable through aR eternity,
soneriurto all niprtal conceptions in pulchritude;
and, though known to us by his power, yet un-
known to us as to his essence. I do not now ex-
plain how these notions ofCJod are the sentiments
of the wisest among the Grecians, and how they
were taught them upon the prinnjilcs that he
aflbrded then!. However, they testily Uith great
Hssunnce, that these notions are just, and agree-
able to the nature of Cod, and to his majesty; for
Pjthagorai. and Anaxngoms, awl I'liitu, and the
Stoic philosophers that succeeded them, and al-
most all the rest, are of the same sentiments, and
had the same notions of the nature of God; yet
dur«t not these men disclose those true notions
to more than a few. because thebody of the peo-
ple were prejudiced with other opinions before-
hand But our legislator, who made his actions
laws, did not only prevail with those
acree to his .-..., - — ^-„ , .
that were his contemporaries to agree with these
his notions, but so firmly ijnprinW this faith m
God upon all their posterity, that it never could
be renioved. The reason why the constitution ol
thi» legislation was ever better directed to the
utility Sf all, than other legislations were, is thisr
that Moses did not make rtligion a part of virtue,
but he saw and he ordained other virtues to be
parts of religion; I mean justice, and fortitude,
and temperance, and,a universal agreement ol
the members of the community wilh one_ ano-
ther- for all our actions and atudies.and all our
words (in Moses's settlement) have a reference
to piety towards God; for he hath left none of
thc»e in suspense or undetermined. For there
are two ways of coming at any sort of learning,
and a moral conduct of life; the one is by in-
atiuCtion in words, the other by practical exer-
cises. Now other lawgivers have separated Wicse
two ways in their opinions, and choosihg one of
those *aya of instruction, or that which 'best
pleased eve^one of them, neglected the other.
Thus did the Lacedemonians and theCretians
teach by practical exercises, but not M wonls;
•Thiaeipression itself, eiexp«T.»v .jrdi^i to «-o>.i-
't!ki<« That Moiiea ordained Iht Jeieiahgovefniltent to
tea tkeocrtcf, may be illustrated hy that parallel exnres-
lion in the Antiiiuities. b. iii. cli. viil. sect. 9, that •' Mo-
Ks left it to (Sod, to be present at his sncTifires when lie
pleased, and when he pleased to be a^fcpi.' Both way;
of speakinE "ound harah In the e«r» «f the Jc»va and
Christians. a« do several others which Joscphus uses to
the heathen; but still they were not very improper in
liim, wheh he all alonR Ihouiiht lU toJiccoMmiiMalc hi;n
■eir,bathjn his Antiquities and In these liu hooks against
Abian,an written Ibr t he use of the (i reeks and Romans,
to their notiona and languaje. and this as far a» ever
troth would jive him leave. Though it be very ohierva-
ble withal, that he never iNea siieh eiprcsaioiw in bis
book* Of the War, writlcn originally for the Jews lie-
vondEuphratea, and In their langnage. Inollllieseca-
Ks, however, Josephus directly aupposcs the Jewish
settlement tinder Moses to lie a divine settlement, and,
— inde e d, n a other than a r ea l thcocr n ry
Very smallest consequence to be done at. the pita-
sure and disposal of the person himself; accord-
ingly he made a fixed rule of law what sorts of
food they ihoiild abstain from, and what sorts
they should make use of; as also what commu-
nion they should have with lOlhers; what Ijrtat
diligence they should use in their ocoiipations. 4
and whattime« of rest should be interposed;
that; by living under that law as niid^r a fulfcer
and a ma»ter,we:inight be guilty of no sin, nei-
ther voluntary nor out of ignorance; for he di*
not suflir the guilt of ignorance to go Wi witho**
punishment, but demonstrated thchnvto be iTie
best, and thp most necessary instruction of all
others, pirmitting the iJfople to leave oH then
other employments, and to assemble together for '
hearing of the law, and learning it exactly, and
this not once or twice, or ottunerr but every
week; which thing all other legislators seem to
have neglected. , ,• ,
V9, And indeed the greatest part of mankinU
are so far from living according to their tmn
laws, that they hnrdly know them; bdt when
they have sinned, they learn from, others that
they have transgressed the law. Those also who
are in the highest and principal posts of the go-
vernment confess they are not ncquaihted with" '
those laws, and are obliged to take such jierspns
for tlieir assessors in public administrations .an .
profess to have skill in those laws: but for ojir
people, if any body do but ask any one of them
about our laws, hfewill more readily tell thein all
than he will tell his own name, and this in con-
sequence of our having learned them iiiimediate-
ly as soon as ever we became sensible of any
thing, antl'of our having them as it .were engra-
ven on our souls. Our transgresaora of theiii are
but few, and it is impossible, when any do ofl'end ,
to escape punishment. . ^ , ■
20. Ami this very thing it is that principally
creates such a wonderful ngreeirtent of minds
amongst us all; for this entire aKreeinent of ours
in all our nolionsconCerning God, and our having
no dilltirence in our course of life and manners,
procures among us the most excellent conrorti
of these our manners that is any where among
mankind; for no other people but we JcViS have
avoided all discourses about God that any way
con^dict one another, which yet are fre(|ueiit
among other nations; ami this i» true not only
aniaog ordinary persons, according as every one
the dead, and the Elate of departed souls, &c. in this late
work of Josephus, look more like the exalted notiona of
Kteenes, or, rather, EMouite Christ ians, than of a mere
Jew or Pharisee. ThefoHawing large accounts alaoof
the laws of Moses, seem lo me to show a regard to the
higher intcrpretaliona and iurprovementa uf (foses'i
laws, derived from Jckus Christ, rather than lo the bare
letter of lliem in the Old Testament, wlienrc alone Jose-
phus look tlieiii when lie wrote bia Aiiliquities: nor as I
think, can some of these laws, though generally excel-
lent in their kind, he properly now found either in the
copied of the Jewish Pentaleuch, or in P hilo, or in Jose-
phus himself before he hecaine a Naxarene or Ehioniie
Christian, nor even all of th«A among the lawt of CMIio-
lie Christianity themselves. I desire, therefore, the
learned reader to consider, whether aome of these im-
provemenii or interpretations plight not he pecUHar to
the Easenes, ainong the Jews, olr, rather, to tlie Nazm.
renei or Ebionitea among the Christians; though we
have. Indeed.hut imperfect accounta of thoae Naiarenea
Impel
iMilni
t These excellent arcounis of the divine attributea, and
that God isnot to be at a" known In his essence, as also
' vapic other clear exprenions^bout the readtrcciionof
or Ebionite Gbil
day
ins transmitted down to ui at ilin
\..
■-■.r
AGAINST APION.-BOOK II.
6oa
'\
tsafcctml, butiomaof-thephilotopheri have bees
intolent enough to indulge inch ctmtr««ln;lioni,
while foirto of theiii h»ve undertaken to iite iuch
word* k» entirely lake awfy the nature of God.
■•othera of theiii lmvo,t»k«l» hway hit provi-
dence over mankind. l«Jor can any one peijieive
aniongHtua any diffurcnce in the conduct of our
fct, but all our.work§ art coniniou to ui all.
c have one Bort of discourH! concerning God,
which ii comforombletoour law/and alliriuathat
he leet all thing*-, an also we have but one way
.of speaking couceming the conduct of our lives,
that all oth<rlhlnRiioui,'ht to have piety for their
end; and this any body may hear Iroiii our. wo-
men and »ervant» thrniselves.
91. And indeed; hence hath arisen fhat accu-
aation which some jiiake against us, that we have
;ipt produced ificn that have been the inventors
of new opcrolions, or of ne* ways of speaking;
for others think it a line "thing lo persevere in
nothing that has been delivered down from their
forefathers; and these testify it to be an instance
" the shar|)cst vfisdoni when these men venture
transgress those traditions; whereas we, on
jontrary, suppose it tu be our.oiily wtsd.oni
l_K><tftue to admit no actions nor siipjiusals that
TSe'cftiitrary to our original laws; which proce-
dure of ours is a just and sure sign that ourlaw^
it admirably const'rtuted; for such laws i» are
not thus well made are ca^jfcitA upon trial to
want aiiiendmnnt. v_
'iSt. But while we arc ourseRes persuaded that
ouHaW was made agreeably to the h-illofGoU,
it would be impious for us not to observe the
tame ; f6r what is there in it that any body would
chhiige'J and whatcahbeinventiid that is better?
or wliatcan we take out of other people'ii laws
that will exceed iti Perhaps some would have
the entire settlement of our government altered.
And where shall we find a better or more right-
eoui constitution than ours.' while this makes Ut
etteeni Ood to Im; the governor of the universe,
and permits the priests in general to be_tlie qd-
niinlstrators of the principal affairs, and withal
intrusts the government over the other priests
to the chief high priest himself; which uriests
qHf legislator, at their first appoinlinent, did not
advance to that dignitv for their riches, or any
abundance of otlicr possessions, or any plenty
they had, as the gifts of fortune: but he intrust,
ed the principal management of divine worship
to those that exceeded others in an ability to per-
tuadi:nicn, and in prudence of conduct. 'Ijiese
men had the niaiiJ care of the law and ol the
other parts of tlie people's conductconiiyilted to
them; for they were the priests who were ordain-
ed to be the Spectators of all, and the judges in
doubtful cases, and tlie punishers of those that
were condemned to suffer punishment.
23. Whatformof government then can be more
holy than this? what more worthy kind of wor-
ship can be paid to fiod than we pay, where the
■ entire body of the people are prepared lor rcli-
gion, where an cxtraordinaijLtlegfee of care is
required in the priest, and wH^e the whole po-
lity is so ordered nsifit were a pertain religious
solemnity'! For what things foreigners, wljen
tliey solemniie such festivals, arc not able to ob-
serve for a fe»v days' time, and call them myste-
ries and sacred ceremonies, we obserie witli
ereat pleasure and nii unshaken resolution during
ourwhole lives. What are the things then that
we are commanded or forbidden? They are siin-
plv aiid easily known. The first Command is con-
cerning God, and affirms that God contains all
thingt, andis a being every way perfect mil hap-
py, iielf-»ufficient,nnd^»i«plying all otherbefogt,
the beginning, thyfniddle, and the end of all
things. He is inMifest in his works and benrfitt,
■ml more conspicuous than any other being
whatioever; but at to his form and inngnitude,
he it most obsc:ure. All materials, lit tlieiu b«
ever to costly," are. unworthy to "voni|>os« an
image fur him, and all art* are unartful lo ex-
prctt the notion we ought to have of him. W*
can neither see nor think of any thing like him,
nor it it aereeahle to pietv to form a n-semblanc*
of him. TVe see his works, the light, the heaven,
the earth, the sun and the moon, the waters, tn«
generations of aniirfalt, the productions of fruilt.
These things hath God made, not with hands, not
with labour, nor as wanting the assistance of any
to co-operate with him : but at hit *till resolved
they should be made, and be good also, ther .
were made, and became good immediately. A"
men ought to follow this being, and W worship
him in the exercise of virtue : for this way of wor-
thip of God is the niost hoi v" of all others.
24. There ought also to fie but one teniple for
one God; for likeness is the cons/aht foundation
at aereemenl. This temple ought to be comnipn ,
toad men, because he is the common (Jod of all
men. His priests are luJii continually about hit
worship, over whom hei that is the lirst by hit
birth is to be their ruler! perpetually.. His busi-
ness mutt be to offer sacjril'Mes to (iod, together
with those priests that ate joined with hini,toteo
that the laws be observri;!, to deterinine contro-
versies, and to punish those that are convicted
of injustice; while lie that does not submit tohiin
shall be subject to the same punishment as if he
had bew guilty ofiinpiely towanlt G™l himself.
\Vhen we offer sacrifice* to him, wedo it not irt
order to surfeit ourselves or be drunken; for sueh
excessesare agninsi the will of <iod, and would
bean occasion of injuries and pf luxury; but by
keeping plivselvet sober, orderly, anil ready for
our other occupations, and being iildre tempemtc
than others. And for our duty at the sacrifices
themselves, we ought, in the first place, to pray*
for the common welfare of all, and after that oib
own: -for we are made for felloivship one with
Bnother,Bnd he who prefers the coiiimon^good
before what is peculiar to himself, is above all
accitptable toGod. And let our urayer* and sup-
plications be matte humbly toGod, ""t [so iiiiichT
that he would give us what is gooil, (for he hath
already given lliat of his own acconk" and hath
proposed the same publicly to all,) as that we
iiiiiv duly receive it, and when we have received
(
it, 'may preserve it. Kow the law has appointed
severa'l purifications at our sacriliies, whereby
we are cleansed after a funeral, afler wliat some-
times happens to usin bed, and after arcompaiiy-
ing with our wives, and upon many other occa-
sions wliich it would be too long now to set ilown.
■And tliisis our doctrine concerning God and his
worship; and is the same that the law appoints
for our practice. , ,
25. Hut then, what are our laws about mar-
riage? That law owns no olhei- mixture of sexes
but that which nature hatli appointed, of a man
with his wife, and that this be used only for the
procreation of children. Hut it abhors the mix-
ture of a male with a male; and if any one do
Hint, death is his pimishiiient.^, It commands ut
also, when we marry, not to ha»! regard to por-
tion.nor to take nw'oman by violence, nor tomr-
suade her deceitfully and knavishlv, but to de-
mand her in marriage of him who bath power to
i iv» mnV here olisetve how known a tiling it was markaMe, tliat nltlioui-h the tejnple of JerUMlem WM
i/„r/i^»*4C»r Il'.«ev"" ancient forms I eniloii; 1 KIncsviii.: -Cl.ron.vi. H™tlsomanji»»a-
drmie of true rcirgibV it it iVere also eicceUinB rt- 1 llic War aliove, b. x ii. cU. v. sect. »». 7
tl
604
i
u%
FLAVIUB J08EPHU8
' diipofa of hcr,.aDd ii tt\o fit* k*r tw»y bvt
:|iiMrn«ii of bit Ifindreds for (M^t (ha •rripiui
ttha
'A woman it inferior ta |ie'r >huiib*nd in ull
_, thiiigi."* Let hert (herefore, be obedient to him ;
V^l^t' CO that he thould nbuM hiT, bift (1r«l the
may 'acknowledge her duty to her buiband ; fur
Opd hath given the authority tb the Kufband. >A
I butbaoil, Iherefure, it to he only with hia wife
whom he hnth married; but to Mve to do with
■ mother iban't wife ii uMricked thing, which, if
ad^ one venture* upojKdeath ii«jnevitably Itii
puniibipent: no more'iran he if^ld the tame
wbo furoei a virgin betrothed to another mftn, or
< enticeianotheriuun'i wife. The faiy, moreover,
enjoini us to bring up ^1 our oflipring, and for-
bidi women to cauu.' anoitiiui olVhat is begot-
ten, or to destroy it aftcrwnnl; nnd if ifin'y woman
, appears to have so done, she will he a murderer
"' ofncrclutil, by destnij-ing a living creature, and
:■• diminishing human kind; if any one, therefore,
proceeds to such fornication or niunlcr, lie can-
ilot be clean. Moreover, the law enjoliu, that
after the man and wife have Iain tog«th7r in a
c " regular ~ way, tfaey shall bathe themselves; for
there is a delile4iicnt contracted^thereby, bifth in
soul and body, as if they had giiue into aliother
country; for indeed the soul, by beinjtt united to
(h4! body, h subject to iiusRrl«*, and is ' uot freed
thenfriun ngaiii'but by dea^i, oh which'account
' the fa^ requires this purification" to bip entirely
ntrfiTrrtfcd.
,26. ^injr .indeed, the la«|f does not pei'mit us to
make festivals at thci^births^f our cliiUlh'i:, and
* Ibereby aflurd occailiion,.of driiiklrig ^lo^'xcess;
but it ordaint, tiiat the very begiiining-Vif Our
education should iTe immediately directed to so-
Jiriety.' It also commands us to bring Jthose chil-
dren up in learning, and to exercise them in the
' laWp, and make them a'quainted with the ads of
^ tlieir predecessors, in order to their imitation of
them, and that they might be nourished upiii the
laws from their infancy, and might neither trans-
gress them nor have any pretence for their jgnor
ranee of them.. "V
27. Ourlaw hath also taken care of tlTe decent
burial of the dead, but without any extravannt
expenses for their funerals, and without theerkc-
tiou of any illustrious mpnunients for them; tiut
hath ordered that their nearest relations should
perform their obsequies: and hath shown if to
be regular, that all who pass by when any one is
buried should accompany the funeral, and join
in tlie lamentation. It also ordains, that the house
. amUits inhabitants should be piy ified aftrr the
funeral is over, that every one may thence learn
tp keep at a great distfincR from the thoughts of
'^ing pure, if liconce Kafh been guilty of murder.
28. The law orilaias also, that p.irents should
be honored immediately after God himself; and
deliveriUhat son who does not requite them for
the benCTts he hath received from them, but is de-
' ^ ficicnt on any such occasion, to be stoned. It
also says, that the y^ng iiien should pay dji«^
our intercourse with strtngrrt: for it will then
appear, that he ii(ade tl^^bcst provision hupusti-
biy could^ both that we should not dissolve our
own Cofistitiitipn, nor show any envious niiiAl to-
wards those that wou'hl ru|tivalf a frirndihip
with us. Accordingly, our legislator adnij^ts all _
those that have apiiiid tp observe our laws, io to ''^■
do; and this after a^friendlv manner, as ^fteiejri-.
ing thht a true Union, whirn not gnlyextenda t&
our own stock, but to those that would live after
the ,snaie nianiterwith ui>: yet does l^e not allow
those that come to Us by accident only, tP ho ad>
niitted into communion with us. -.
3(L However, there are other things which our
legislator 'asdaiijed for uk beforehand, which of
necessity we oiight-tp do in common to all men;
OS to atibril fire, 'ancf water, and fond, to such as
want it; to show them the roads; nor to let any
one lie unburied. .' He also wpuld' have us treat
tliose that are astecined oiir enemit^s with mode-
ration; fd/he doth faqt allow us to set their coun-
try on fire, nor permit u's to cut d"wn those trees
that bear fruit;, naj^, further, he forbids us to
spoil titatfXhat have been sjain in war. . He hath
also^firovided for Such as are taken Captive, that
they may not be* injured, and' especially that the
women may nut be ubuMid. Indccil, he hath
taught us gi ntlenessnnd Unmanity^so effectually,
that he hath not despised the care of brute beasts/
by |)erniitting no other tlien a regular use of
them, and forbidding any other; and if any of *<
them Come 'to our (ip<^es,V>like'inppliennts, wn
'are forbiddeii to sjay tliein; nor liiay'wc kill thei~
duiiis, together wilh>their young ones; but we
are obliged, even in an enemy's country, to spare
and not kill (hose ^reAtures that labor for man'\
kind. Thus hath purlnwgiVer contrived to leach
us an equitable conduct every way, by using us ~~
to such laws as instruct us therein : while a,t^hc
same time he hath ^ordained, that«sucli as break
these laws should be punished, without th^^al-
lowance of any excuse whatsoever.
31. Now the i^atest part of ofliences with us
are capital; as, if any one be guilty of adultery,,
if any one force a virgin; it any one be so im-
prudent as to attempt sodomy with <i male, or if. ^
qpon another's making an attempt upon him* he
submits to ba so used. Tb^re is also a law for
slaves of the like nature, that can never be i^void-
ed. Moreover, if' any one cheats' another ij).
measures or weights, or makes a Jcnavish bar- ,
gain and sale, in order to cheat another; if aiiy
oiie steal what belongs to another, and takes what
he never deposite<l, all these have punishments
allotted them; not such as are met with among
other nations, but more severe ones. vAnd as /or
attempts of unjust behaviour towards pan.'Dtt, or
for impiety against God, though they be not ac-
tually accomplished, the offenders are destroyed-
iininediatety. However, the reward for such as
live exactly according to the laws, is not stiver nor .
gold; it is not a garland of olive branches prof
smallagc, nor any such public sign of cninmen-
all beings. It does not give leave to conceal any
thing from our friends, oecause that is not true
friendship wbich will not commit alV things to
their fidelity:' it also forbids the revelation of se-
' crets e4w, though an enniity arise between theni.
,., ■ If any judge take bribes, his punishment is
-yileath: he that overlooks on<; that oflTers him a
' petition, and this when he is iible to relieve him,
he is a guilty person. What is not by any one
intrusted to another, ought nctjie required back
agi^in: No one is to touch another's goods. He
that lends money must not demuid usnry for its
Ipan. These, and many more of the l\ii sort,
are the rules that unite us in the bonds of society
on? with another.
29. It will also be worth^onr-iWiile'to see what
' equity -our legislator would have us exercise in
' ' * This text Is no where In our present copiet of the
;OldTeataineii(.
•ISO says, tna( tne y^ng iiien snouia pay a)ie smaiiagc, nor any sucn puoiic sign oi cninmen'
respect to every elder, since God is the eldest ot -dation; bu( every good man ba(h his own con-
science bearing wititess to himseK; and by virtue
of our legislator's prophetic spirit, and the firm
security Uod himself affords such a one, he bf-
lieves that God hath made this grant to thqse
that observe these laws, even tmtugh they be„
obliged readily to die for them, that they ^hall '
come into being again, and at a certain revolution '
ofthings shalhttecciv« a better life than they bad
enjoyed before. Nor would I venture tpwrite
UhUs'atthis time, weiWit not well known>toallby
their actions, that mariV <of ourpeople have hiany.
a time bravely resolved to endure any sufferings,
ratherthan speak one word against Our liiw.
32. Nay, indeed in case it had So falKn out
that our nation had'not been so thoroughly known
among all nien as they are, and our voluntary
nbmissloh to our law<< had not hn ttaintptu And
manifest aq it is, iiut that somebody had pretrniV
ed to have written thesa law* himself, and liad
:\
-^ ■
read them tp tl
he had met wii
kntiwn world,
. God, and <ia<t I
pbservancii of
^ aiippose that kl
^ fleiliun d|)onf
therein been
^ while (hose (h
■ wlia( of (he SI
t)nd for. laws,
Urous (nings,
an impossible i
say nothing >
have uiMlertnk
Writii%s. itui
mired liytht! t
in hiriiianiier!
ability he had
philospphers, .
and ex|)0«cdgti
(hat prcteud t
though he thi
lings, wiii find
tie, and pretty
rality of nianki
that it is not t
cerning God
; ilS.soi)ie men
better than ce
artifice, llov
prin<^|)al law^
for having coi
' hit laws tor a
- havcgnined, I
„ virtue to subii
«Htmire this in
durat'ion-nf tl
year* which q
. tinned ; and l<'
the Lacfdeiiji
laws 'exactly,
yet that w|icii
fortune', they
" ^ we, having be
happeneci an
^levec betfaye
< -diBtr^res t^u.
ui thcHi c^ithc
Nay, if ^ny n
and labors la
|||. what appears
Ir jnonian fortif
their land, n.u
their 9jrn cit;
the tnjoyiiici
cises ^s migh
made use of
■' the neressiari
pared for thi
and humane
but this, that
'; they iiijiy'lic
, Whom they n
(h*y have n
laws; fur,. no
ti(ud£8 of tl
laws, and h
with their ar
'33. Now,
: that no one
thqn one on
not out of
•iiich an eai
. that which
■ teems to bi
others, Ao
* It'may not
I Ue tettininny
^ preference of
* " boldly diTh
oilentlcd at It
'J'ablrt alone,
■y v'
:\
then
Diti-
I to-
fthip
■ all
lolo ";•
tat& .
»ft«r
llew
! ■<!•
I our
;hof
urn;
rh u
any
Irrit
lodc-
oiin-
trcea
19 to
hath
that
t the
linth
My,
ntUf
le of
ly of '>
, wo
ItheL.
I we ,
ipare
rtian-\
£ach
IgUi '
pHhv
j..al^
(h ua
♦try,
iiu-
orif, ^
", her
V for
roul-
T irj.
bar- .
C nny
what
Tfnta
iiong
« /or
1, or
t ac-
oy cd
ch aa
r nor
prof
men- .
con-
irtne ^
firm
hqar ,.
V ne„ •
'>hall
ition ■
baa
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tUby
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raga.
1 out
lown
itarv
/
A0A1N8T APION^.— BOOK II.
60ft
-mt-
rn()k
-had
rtad them to thl r<r«elia, or had nrrirndcd that
he had m«t with men owt of thw liniita of the
kntiwii world, tlint had tuch rrverrnt itationn of
(Sod, and liiul i^ontinuod along tinic in tlin firm
i^bmervancii of ijich lawa «« Tfiim, I cannot but
aiifipoiir that Ul nxln wuulil ailiiiirn thciiioA n rer
' fleiliun dpouf the fre<|U).'in rhnngea'thty hud
therein been theniaelvea . anhjert tu; and thia
while ihoae that have attempted to wiite aonie-
■ what of 'the aanie kind fiiV ptditic government,
i^nd for. lawa, nj-e iiccua<|d ji« c6m|ioaing mon-
vlToua tninga, and are aikid tu hnvi^ undirlnken
an imiiOHible tnak up<Mi tRnn. And here i will
•ay nothing of ihoac other nhi|oaii|iJiera who
have uiMlertnken any thing ^(liia nature in their
wriiii^a. ilut f^v^n I'Into hnnaelf, who la •« nd-
niirrdliy the lirt^eka on nct'oniil of thiit gravity
in hiirnianiiera, nii(| furce in Ida wor(V<, and that
ability he had to. iierauade nnvn bciyiMid all otiuj)
philoapfihe'ra, ia little better than " laughed at
;ind eKiMaeitto riilieule on'lhat acconnl. by thoae
that pretend to aagacitv in iHdilicid atlUira; 'al-
thpugli he that ahall ililigently peniae hia wri-
ting*, will find hia prerejita to be aotiit what gen-
tle, and pretty near ti> the niatoma of liie gene-
rality of mankind, filty, I'luto hiniaelf confeMeth,
that it ia not aafi; to pnbliah the true notion con-
cerning God among the ignorant pejtfile Yet
ilS.aoijic men look upon I'latii'a diarouraca aa no
betti'r than certain idle worda aet oil' with great
artifice. However; they admire Lj(r Arena aa the
prin<^|)al lawgiver, and all men ccl^rate Spartji
for having conlilHi,ed' in the firm pb||ervani-e Of
hia lawa for a v^ry Isag time. So fiir then wt:
havcgained, tomtit ia to be €onfea«e(ftp^mark of.
, virtu^to anbiuit to Wwa.* Hu^ then let aiicb as
(Klniire thia in the Ljiredcnioniaiia, Cnpiparll that
(hmitioii^f tlieira with hi^re than t^o fhouaanil
yearf which cur polrtiral gbvernnient bntj» cpn-'
. tinued ; and b't tliem nirtlie|>conBid|f , thi. 1 though
the LacedenjonLna did aeeni l^oba«rve"^|h~eir
lawa (exactly, wnile they enjoyed their liberty,
vet that w|ien they underwent a ch'ang^ of their
'fortum-, they (at^nt almoat all thoae tawa; while
^ we, having been under ten th^uaniftl Changea that;
* happenetl nnipng the kinga of Aaia,,' wK have
^levec betrayed our lawa under the nioafpi-ealing
, 'diatr^rea vyo-have been Irt; nor havc^ neglect-
ed thehi ^ither on^'mfi albthdV for ft lArelihood.f
Nav, if iny one wWl consider it, the difficultiea
andlabora laid* uiron ua liavjfc jHren greater thhu
fe. what appears \\f have been borne by the Laccde-
P jnonian fortifucfo, while* they neillM-r ploughed
their lanti, nor excreiaed any tradea* Imt lived in
their 4jrn city, free from all audi paliiatHking, in
the enjoyiiiertt >of pli'iitj, and naing surh eVier-
ciaea ^a might improve their 'liodica, while thev
made use of otlifr ineii an their eejcvuiila for all
the neressariea of "life, and hitd their food 'pre-
pared for theni by » the othera: and th«»e ghod
and humane aetionathey do for no otiter |)nrpoae
but this, that 'by their aclidiia aniTth^raiiltiringa
' they n.^y'be able to conqAcr.all thoi{,e ngainat
„ Whom they make war. I need not add this, that
th*y have not been fully able to observe their
lawa; for,j,not only a few single pcraona, but mul-
titud^a of them have in heapa neglected those
lawa, and have delivered thein^elvea, togethV-r.
avith their anna, into the Imnda of their enemiea.^
'33. Kow, na for ourselves, I venture to any,
: that no one can tell of ao many, nny; iiot^morc
tNn one or two that have b.etraveil: our Ihwa, no,
not out of feur of deiilh itself; 1 rfp not nic6h
•iiich an easy ileath as hap|irns in 'liatflna, but
that which Vomcg with bodily torments, and
■eenia to be the. a«ver,;st liimi of death^all
pthtrs, Aow I think tluJse tliiit have roujjuered
■ ■ » -• ^* ■ ■ «,
* Ifmay not he amlaB to set down lietjj'a v^fy ^'^'"Ty*"
tia have put ua lo aach deatha, hot out of thelf
hatred lo ui wljen thev had aubilued' ua. but ra-
ther out i4 their' ilea'ire of aaeing a norpriainf
aigh'r, which ia thia, whether there (le aueh niea
in the worlil, who believe that no e/il la to thrm
ao great aa to be Compelled to doorlaJ|teak any
thing' coiilrnr^ to their own liSw<! -Oor ought
hien to wonder atjpa, jf we are wore efeurageoua
in dying for oar liiWa* than all other ini^i are; for
other men do not eaalljT aubmil to ' the taaier.
thinga in wKich we i|#e nistituted, I'niean'Wfiifll-
ing with our hands, and eating bat, little, and
being coiitenteil to^at and ilrtiik,'hotj uf.randnnl,
or at every nne'a pUaaurr, or bein|^ uniler iiivio
lable rnlea in lying with. iHifwlvea, in jimguifircnt'
fiirpitiire, and again in the oti9<.Vvali>Jin of our
tiniea of reat; while Ihmo that can 'life tlieir'
awii|;cla in war.aiiif can put theirenemlea^io (light
when they attack them, cannot bear lo aubmit lo
auchlaWa about iheir way of living: whereas our
being (icriiaJoiiif^l willing^r ti> mibiiiil to lawa in
theaii"'iMalanrea, rmdera ua fit to'alitiJ* our, forti _^
t«de upon other oc.eaaiona alao, * ,
34 Yel^ilothe J^ainiae;hiantUhnMelnn^a, and
ailiiie other ^rite^m^(ujiakilful jophj^ta aa they
a're,) aniil the deeeivera of young m< h, repronch
ua «,tt tMi- vileat of nnii|lind.. Now I have no,
mind lo make iih iiiquiry iiitg the lawa of other
i|alioiia; for the cu-toiu'of our country ia to keep
our own lawa, but not to bring nccuaatioiia againat
the' liiwa of cfthei'a. And indel-il our legialator
iiath expreaaly fiirbiddrn ua 4o(l!Mish at'iind re-
r *
yila'tli9ae that aire ,eateenied goira by other peo-
ple* op llcrount of -thf •ier^ 'naijic of (Jod aa-
cribul, to thein, ftiil ainte oiir antiigoniata thlpk •
'to. rtin'ua down uponfthe .ooniiiariaim of Ihetr r«- .
ligion and oiira, it ia^iot-lposaible to "keep ailelice-'
here^eap-edallv while wliat I ahall Hay to con'fula
iheae iiien will, ndt^be. n(vv fint aaid, but hath
been already said,' by many, and Ihejie of tha
Ki'fliejt reputattun' afaor for who i« there among '
those that ViBverbeen' «dniired raiong the Oreeka
for witcjoni, »(^o hatli nM greatlj? blani'eil both .
the moat famouc' (iqela, nj^d moat celebrated Je- ,
gialatora, for apneadihg aiich notiona origimHyx
anidng the boo/ of Abe people concerirlng tha •
godaTajii^h aa theae; that they may be aljawed
to h^ aa numeroua aa tliey^ have a mind to hava
them'; .that they are begotten- one by another,
and tha^after all the kinda of generation joii can
imagine. TheV also diatinguiah them la their.
placea and «vay» of living, aa they Would diatin-
guiah aeveral aorta of nniniala: aa aoiile to 'ba<'
under the earth; ak aome io be in the aea; and
the aaeienleat of thenr all t* bfe "bouhir in hall'
and foj those to wjioql they have allotted heayeh,
they have aet over them one who^in lill« ia their
fa»lien.-biit in hi« aaliona a "tyrant and a jord;
whence il c|ime to n»a» that \ia wife, and bro-
iheB, and.dau^hiervjlwhich daughter he brought °
forth frcfni hia own head.) made a conapiracy
against him tu seize upon him and confine hiqi,
as hi^ had Jiimself aeiitfd upon and co'nfined hii
own Ather byfi^Ve.
3,1., And justly have the wiaeat nien thought
thosa'potiona deaeriihd eevere rebukes; they alao
laui£ll>artheiii for deteriiiining that we ought to
Mfttrve some of the.goda to be beardleaa and
youfig, and others of them to be. old, and to have
beftnla accojcdingly ; that fonle are set to tradea; '
that Que god ia n<«i)iith, and another goddciaa il ■
weiiveV; that one god'ia a warrior and fighta with
men; that some of thennire haVpers, or delight iq ,
archery; and beaidea, that mutual leditiona ariie '
,^inoiiz;.themvahd that they ifiiiiri^'l about njeo,
an;l iJMKO-f^r. that they n6% only lay hand* tipon
.itne aniftef, but that^they ai^ grounded by ni«i>,
'Hnilitt to be not only/if moire «^1||ht, but alao much ■
lile tcatininny nl tliccrcat pluioaophef t-iie.ro, n^ lo ilie I uaeful," Im Orulitr„. . ^ ^
prcfcrenfeof laint lo JSi/.nd/./iy. " I will," says he, | fOr.wclKieolwcTvciI our limea of reat and aorta af
" boldly diTl.nre inv i)|iiniqii.*lboiij;h the'wholc M(<>rl<lbe i food allowed ba Id^rinR4l<ose dialreaaes.]
otlrntlcd ul it. 1 preicr irlbi little liook nf the Twelve ; | See Aiftiq, 1>. iy.ch. iiU, acct. 10, and,
T»bleaalonc,toBi1 tlicvoluiiic»(ifthepliilo«op|icra, •' ' -'
itt note,
■ «=*(#■
isi.
*'N:f
':^»-
r^.
FLAVlUS J08EP1IU8
■ad Uqiii\jt and mouro lor luch their tfllictiDni.
liut whiil it the grotiisit of til in point of Im«:i-
vloutncH, «re Ihow ubboundvii liiiti mcrilMd trt
•imo«l ull of tbria, and tftic aniouri; which how
can it be other th*%anio(t abauril iupDOwl. «••
ficciaUy when it reacKei to the male godi. and to
he female godcleaaea aUo7 Moreover, the chief
of all Iheir godf, and their firnt father hiintelf,
oterlouki ihote goddcwea whom he hath delud-
ed and bcgqllen wifti child, »n<V luffert thein to
be kept in priaon, or drowncil in the tea. He
U alio to bound up by fate, that he cannot aave
bia own olTapring, nbrcan be bear <lheit»deathi
witTioutiheddiugofteara. Thrie are fine thinf;i
indeed! ai arc the reit that follow. Adulleneii,
(rul>'„ar<' ao impudently looked on in heaven^by
the god», that some of thmrhavc confeWed they
envied thoac that were founti m the very act.
And why ahould they not do«o, when the eldett
of them, wlio ia their king alto, hath not been
able to reitrain himirlf in the violence of hit
lutt, from lyint^with. hi. wife to long aa they
might get into their bedchamber! Now tomt ol
' the go<U are tervantt to men, finil will aometimea
be buildert for a reward, and aoinctiiuea will be
ahepherda; while othera of, them, like nialefac-
tora, are bouiid ina priaon of braaa. And what
iober persona »je there who would not Ije pro-
voked at auch aloriea, and rebuke thoae that
forged them, anil condunn the gr«(at aillmeaa of
those th^t admit them for trucl Na);, othera
there are that have advanced* certain timojous-
neaa and fear, iia alao madness nml fra^a, and any
■ other of the vilest pasaioiis, into the nature ami
iform of goda, and have persuaded whide cities
to offer eacriOcea to the bctt«r aort of them; on
which account they have been absolutely forcecr
to eateieui Some goila as the givers dfgood »hinga,
and to call others of them avert< ra of evil, fliey
alao endeavor to move them as they would the
vilest of men, by gilUtnd presenta.aa looking for
nothing else than to receive some great miscbiel
from them unless they pay them such wages.
36. Wherefore if deierverour inquiry, what
ihould be the occasion of thit unjust manage-
ment, and of these BCandaU about the DcityT
And truly I auppoae it to be.jJerived from the im-
perfect knowleilge the hisathen legialatora had at
Brat of the triio nature of God; nor did th«y ex-
plain to the people even so far as they did com-
prehend of it, nordid they compose theotherpBrtv
. of their political aettleiueiits according to it, but
omitted it ua u thing of very littlo consequence,
and ga\e leave both to the pbcts tO: introduce
what goda they pleased, and those aubjectto all
aorta of passions, and to the orators to procure
political decr»H a from the people lor the adinis-
Jion of lUch foreign gods as they thought prooer.
The painters alao, and atatuartes ol Greece, had
herein ereat power, aa each of them could con-
ture of men; whereat, the
aerved their ophiion about
which ia due to him, alw'
tame.
37. But now thia Apiralloniu
theae fooliah and proud men.
that { have said wiu unknown
real philoaophera among the
luglit to have pra-
' and that woithip
id immutably the
Molowaaoneof
lowever, nothing
' thoae tint were
leeka, nor were
herein greai power, a« «ai.ii «. ...^.i. ^"- ^■•
Irive a shape [flroper for a God ;] the one to be
formed out of clay, and the other by making the
bare picture of such n one. But. those worknien
that were princirially admired, had the use of
ivory and of gold aa the constant materials for
their new statues: [whereby it coiiiw to pass
that some ttmPes are quite deserted, wlifle others
arft in great e8t«eiii, and adoriied vrtth all the rites
of all TiimU of iiuritiration.l Beaidea this, the
first gods, who have long lIouriKhed in the ho-
nor* done them, are now grown old, [while
those that flourished after them are come in their
room at a second rank, that I niny ai^ak the
most honorably of them that J can:] nay, cer-
tain other gods there arc, who are luwly intro-
duced and newly worshipped, [as wo, by way of
digression, have said alrraih , and >it have left
their place of worship desolate I anil for their
temples some of them are nl ready l< ft drSolaU .
and olhcPH are btiilt anew, according lo the plea-
• See what these novel oallia were in Dr. Hudson'*
real pniiosoniie™ uiuunK *•■" «.-.---, .----
they unarqu»nt«d with those f«igi<l pretcncea
of allegories, fwlMch hail been alleged for such
things;] oii which account they ji^slly detpited
them, but have atill agreed with ut aa to the true •
■nd becoming notiona of God: whence it was
that J'lato would not have politicaUettlcnienta
admit of any one of the other poets, tind diaiiust-
ea even Homer himself with^ *: garland on hl»
hekd,aud with ointment poured unonhhn,amt thu
becauae he ahould not destroy th* right notiona
of (;od with hia fablea. Nay, I'lato iirincipally
imitated ojir legislator in this point, that -tie <•»•
joined his citiiena to have the niain regartl-totJus
precept, that every One of them ahoiilfl learn
their l<wa accurately, lie alao Ordained that
they should not admit of foreigners intermixin|
with their own |ieople at random; and proviil*!
.gMit the commonwealth should keep itself puji'.
HSl conaift of auCh only a* peraevercd io\l»reir
owlriawa. ApHIo"'"' MoIo did no w«y con-
'aider thii, when he made it one branch of hw ae-
cuaation agiinst us, that we do not admit ol such
aa have difftrent notions about GotI, nor will we
hav«' fellowship with tlio(.e that choose to obterve
B wayof liviuk dilUrent from d'uraelvet; yet is
not thia method peculiar to us, but common to all
other mtn; njk apioiig the ordinary Grecians
only, but among auch of those (irecians as are ot
the greatest reputation amonij them. Moreover,
the Lacedenionians eontinued in their way of e»-
tielling foreigners, and would not, ndced, give
leave to their own people to travel abroad, as
■uap«!tiDg that those two things would introduce
■ tnttOtution of their 'own laws: and perhajw
there may be aoroe reason to blame the ri)n(l se-
verity of the Lacellemoriiana, for they btstinved
the privilege ol their city on no^ forcignera, nor
Indeed woild give leave to them to "JV^aniong
them; whereaa we, though we do not thin»A' .
to imitate other intritutiona, yet do vre Aillmpy
admit of those that desire to partake of olirt, ,
which I think I may reckon to be a plain indica-
tion of our humanity .1 and at the »ame time ot
ouV maguaoioiity alsoc. , .l ¥ j ;.»'
38 But 1 shall sav no more of the Lacedemo-
nians. As for the Atficniant, who l?lory in hav-ing
made their city to becoiiimon to all men, what thejr ^
behavior was. Appolloniut did not know, w1h1«
thev pualthed those that did but Speak one lybnl
coutrary to their laws about the gods, without any
mercy; for on what other account was it that
Socrites was put todeath by them? Kor certainly
he neither betrayed their city to its enemies, nor
«a*h«r«mry of any sacrilege with regard to any ,
•^f their temples; but it waa on this account, that
he Bwore certain new oaths,* and- that he alhrin-
ed either in earnest, or, as some say, only, in jest,
that a certain demon used to make sign* to him
[what \te should not do.] Kor these rf^"?"' "e
waa condemned lo drink poiipn, and kill hiiiu?lf.
His accuser also complainedj that he corrupted
the young men, by inducing them to despise the
political settlement and tews of their city; and
thus waa Socrates, the citizen «f Athens, pun-
ished. 'rWfwi was also AnaxagoruB, whd, al-
thoueh he wija of Claioincmc, waa within a few
auffraeea of b*ing condemned to die, because he
said the sun, which the Athenians thought to be
u god, was a ball of fire. They also made thia
r . ' 1 :_.:__ .!.„« <k..., — "idd give a ta-
publ i c p r oclamation, that thev wou ld g i ve
lent to iny oneJhat would kill Diagonia of Melos.
because it was reported of him that he laughed
« these nivel oath, were in Dr. ..ud»n-. ■ o"'"'- T'',}? '"^'lEBf '^^f |?^^^^
note. n:. To Mviar hy an oak, hy a goat, .ind by a | den by the Ty lans, D. 1, aoci. », a. i»
^,|, a* alao by a faiidcr, aa »ay» riiiloslratui and I nolaa.
s..
Ns.
AGAINST APION.-BOOK H.
fl07
•< fh#ir myileriet. ftottfatui i«l«<), who. w»t
Ihougitt to tinve written •iiinewhiit tlmt w.u* ni)(
uwmiifYur truth hj- the AthKninnn, nlimit the ^\h\;
hail brcn <<^tril u)>on anil put i<> driith. if he
hml not rted iftiineiiiately nwny. Nor ntii'cl we nt
ull wonder thill tl«ey thin Irmleil «iiVh eontidrrn-
ble nieii, when they did not npiire ipvcn woiiieli
■iiiii; for they very Ulely nloiv a rertnin priett-
r>i, bfcnuie the waa ■rcii«('rt hy Biuifboify that
' «iie initiated people into the worihip ()f ithuige
g.idi, it hnvinff been forbiddeji no to ilo by one of
their lawi; arid «j.CBpitul puiiithnient had been
decreed to iiiif.li n« introduced « »trnnBenod; it
ijeinji; mnnifilh. thiit tHi'y whoinoke meof aiieh
• law, do noj believiji thoic pf other nation* to be
really goi\»,' ?N;lierw}ie they had not eovieil theni-
lelvei the advn!ttnf(e of more (-odt than they al-
ready had. ,AniVthia wai the happy ndininiatra-
tidhoftlie all'aira qftbe A^henlnni! JVow, auto
■ the ScythiBn*, they tt)ke a |idrn»iire in killing
men, n lid ilill'er If"'" '" ' "" ' ■ -
ey iBKe a ipirnmire in aiiimi
little frOnibfihe beauli! yet ili
innbic to hiiVe their inntitiition
. do
they think it renmnnblc to hnVe their inntitiitioiu
obierved. They aho aliw Auarhuraii, a pcrion
greatly admired fbr bit wisdijni anionK the
Greeki, when ho "returned tQ theip.hjcauiie heV
^appeared to come fraught with (ireriiinriiiitoiiu;
' oiie niny alio find iiiijpy to hiive been puniihiM
' ani«nK the Feriiiant on the very aanie Hccciunt.
And to be «Mre Apolloniiifi wa« graatly pl«B«ed
yvith 'the law» of the I'emiann, and wai an ad-
mirer tif them, became the tirrvk* enjoved the
■dvantiKe of tlieir couraife, iind had the very
■aiiie opinion; about the |{(kI> which they had !
'I'hit last wui exinijilified in the templei ivhich
they burnt, add their courace in roiiiiiie ,Hiid al-
mott entirely enilnvinff^he rircrinni. However,
' Apolloniua ha» imitated nil the I'enion iiwtitu-
* tiona, and thalby his otl'iiiuK violence to -other
nieii'ii wives, dndVattrating his »«ii »iju*. ISow.
wit^i it t» ucapifnl criiiH'.il" Hny one does thus,
abuse even a brute beast : and n» for us, neither
tfathrthrfcar of our governors, nor ndcsire <if fol-'
rawing wluit other natioilt h(l\e In so grvut « steelii,
beA able to withtlraw us from our own laws i.nor
' hayq we exerted our conriige in riiising up wurs
to increase our weuijlh. but oiil)- f.)r thtnibsi-rva-
tion of <»ur laws: and when we with imtienco^
bear other losses, yet when any persons wiiuld
"^ compel us to break our laws. Olenitis t|iiit we
chdoseto go to war, though it he fieyond. our abi-
lity to pqrsUc it; aiul bear the greatest ealaiiv-.
ties to the lasi with inuchlbnitiide- AmUinileed,
what. reason can there be jwhy we should ilesir^
tb imitate ihelttWsofother'iMlions, while we see
Ihey are not observed bj their own lejrislutorsi
.And why do not the Lacedemonitms think oTnbo-
» liihing that foriiji of Iheii- government which suf-
Jiflithem not'to associate with any' others, as
wellas their contempt of inatrimonyl Aad why
do not the RIeans and Thebans abolish that un-
naturai and impudent lust, which makes them lie
with maksf For they Will not show fi suflicieot
•ign of their ^pentance of what they of old
■ thnughi to be very excellent, 'and very advanta-
' ' fcous in their practices, unleM they entirely-^
' ayoid all such aQtipns for the tjme to come: nay,
iuch things are still inserted into the bo<ly of their
laws, ami Imd^ence such a jmwer among, the
, Greeks, that "they ascribed these Sodomitical
practices to the gods tliemselves_ as.a part of
their good character; and, ind«ed. it waiaccord-
iog to the sama manner that the gods married
their own sisters. This the Creeks contrived u
I apology for their own absurd and unnatural
isure*. , .
J omit to speak concermhg punishments,
•nd iSJf many ways of escaping them the great-
*tVlmloaephus here thouldtilaniesoineheathen Ic-
glalatort when they allowed so easy a composition tbr,
est part ofthe legiilators liaye affordfcil maUhc*
tor«, by lirdniiiiiik thai for ndullcries fines in mo-
■try •lioidij iic iiliowed, and for cmTupling [vir-
gins]* they need only marry (hcHrf b» .iIm, what
excuses tin y may have in denying the fasts, if any
one atleinpt* 111 iiiiplire into Ihem: I'uf Biiiongst
other iiBlions it i»H studied nrl, how men inay
tranagrens Iht ir laws. Kill no such thine is |M-r-
milted aiimnK»t us; for Ihoiigh we b«' deprived
of our wiiillli, of ouf cities, or uf the other iid-
vantages we have, our law Continues Iniitiortal {m
Hor can any Jew go so far from hi< own country.'
nor be so nll'riglitiil al the sevi rest loril, as not to
be more affrighted at the law than at him. If,
therefore, this hi' ilir dis|iosition wi- are under,
with regard to the excellency of our law*, let our
enemies make us this concession, tnat our laws
are most excelUnt; and if still they imagine, that
though we so firmly adhere to thelii, yel are they
biiii laws notwithstanding, what |M.nulti( • then
do they ili serCe to undergo, who do nol observe
their own laws which they,, isteeni. to far aupe-
rioi'' to thenij Whereas, therefore, length of
time is esteemed to be the truest touchstone m
all cases, I would make that n testimonial of the
excellency of. our laws, and of Iha^ belief thereby
ilelivered to us concerning <iod.. Kiir iisthira
hath been a very long iiiii>' for this cunijiarison,
if'Boy«om"willbutcompiire1ts ilural'ionwith the
Sl I BP l g fu rnl ea tlon , asnn obl ina Unnto m a rry t he virgin
dorAtthilf of Iht'lawii.nliile byother legislators, ho
will liml our legiilator town been the uiioieiitcst
of them nil. v'
4». We have already deiiibnstrBted that our
Inwshaye been such ashavo o'|wBy»insprri(l ad-
iiiirnliim and iiidtation in all other jiien; nay, the
en,|liest(ireciiin phllonojihers', though in appiar-
Bii^e they MisiTVed the laws of their own coun-
tries, yet did tliev, in their ncti.insand llnir phi-
losophical doctrines, follow our legislator, and
instriltted nirii to livi; spurin&ly, and to liav«
frieiidlyiii'nniiiiunication one Willi ijnothir. >uj ,
furthen the multitude of nmnkiiul ilsell hiiy» hud
agredl incliiialion,o( aJoiigtime to follow our
nTigiouS, tibVe'rvances; for there is not any < ity
ml' the (Srecians, nor any of tho batbari-.iii*, nor
nnv iiatijiv whatsoever, wh'itlier oiir.ciistom of
resl'iiig oiij lh<> seventh dnj-Jialh not come, (ind
bv which our fasts, nnd liifhling up lamps, and
In a By of oiiepj-olAbitiuns ns to oii;*l"o'id, are not
o|)Se"rred; <hey Mm endeavor to iinitnte our
iiiutual cnncorti with one iniiotlrer, and t hi- c'lari-
iable di-itributkin bf.psir goods, and qiir ililigenco
in o»^ trntlc«,und J)nr lortitude in undergoing
the djsti'esses.ivc ni'e: in, onncconnt oT our laws; .
and what is here matter of tlite greatest adiiiirn-
tion, oiir law hath no bait of |dea.iiiro to altiire
mentoit.bul iipcevailsby its own forci*; and ai
(Jod hiimelf pervades all the Mforld, soUoth our
law passed throagh all the woild-ollso. So that
if anyone will Wt rellect qn IdtpWn country,
and his ownfamilj,, he will haveTlreason to give
credit to What I «bJ> It is ther/ffore but just,
either toArondemn all nmnkiml df indulging a
wicke'd disposition, when they hm-c been so de-
sirous of imitating laws that are to them loreign
ahi evil in themselves,* rath'ir (h«u follow mg
laws of their own thai ^are of a better clninii t< r,
or else our accusers must have oIlMIietr "jute
n^instus. Nor are we guilty of any envious
bthaviar toWiinIs theniv when we honor our
own legitWnr, and believe what he, by his |iro-
phetTc authority, hath taught us concerning (Jod.
For though w* should not be able ourseU< s to
understand ^he e\<rellency«f our pwn la»V>*'
would the great niultitiids/pfthose'who desire to'
imitate them, justify iiii in' greatly valuing our-
selves upon them. . '
peel that for jsa^""?, we should here ntii^*f""t and
that comiiitiriu wedlork, or other men's wlyes, la the
crime for which these heathMiliwfaikeaiyallPwca tlift
thatwaaeorrUmeil,ishardlosBy,s«inKliehfldhlm»cir cpmnosllionlnmoiicy. . , ., „.j,„_
truly Inronnrd us thai il was a lawof the Jew*. Aiitlq. ^Or for corruptlngolhcrmcnliwIvesthosBmBBUow.
b i» tii.vin.seft i!J,aaitistlielaw oU'liriHliaaitj also,
twiIorcbCo«enaut,plife01. 1 am almost ready to sua
006
jbSEEHUB'B DlfiCOtJRaB
41. B^t ■• for ttno {diilinci] polilkil l«w« by
Wbkh Hc irii ({ov«rii«il, ni«»« tlrlivrrril Iheiu
•ecurnUly in my liookt of Antiuuitici; ■ml li«««
MUy iDcotiuntiU thuib now, lo far u wm ncctt-
«ry to my prcMnt uurpuw; without prupu«iAg
to niyiclf «itli«r to blame th« Uwa uf other iia-
tiona, ur tu make an «|icomiuiH u|>uii (rur own;
but in order to cuuvict tlionn that ha«« wrilten
•bout ut unjuttly, and la an imuj ^ nt affeclalioii
of ilinKuitiUK the truth. And noW think I have
. tufficiftiitly comuUlcd what I pmpoicd in wriliiiK
(heM buokf. For whcreui our acoutera hav«
Itrrtiildi'il, that our nation arr, a peouls ofn v«ry
ite <irij(inal, I have demonitrattd Inat they in
•iCdtiding iincivjil; for I have prcMluced aa wit-
n«H«a thereto many ancient writeri, who b«*e
made mention of ui In their buokii, while tney
' Mill no tuch writer had to done. Moreover,_th«y
had luid, thnt we were iprung from the Eii;yp-
tiaoa, wliile 1 have proved tnut we came from
another country inloKgypt; while they had tolij
lie* of ui, ai if we were expelled thence oA ac-
count of diieatci on our bodiei, it hai appeared
, oh the contrary that we returned to our country
by our own Choice/and with sound and itrong
bo<liet. Tho«e Bccmert reproached- Our leptlator
MS vile fellow: whereat (iod in old tinie bnre
witneii to bii virluoua conduct ; and since that
testimony of Ciod, time itself hafh been discovered
to have borne witness to the same thin);.
42. As to thi> laws tbelns<dves, more words are
unnecessary, for they lire visible in their own na-
turei and Appear to teach not impiety, but the
'trueM piety in the world. They do not make
men hntB one another, but encourage pe6ple to
communicate what- they have one to another
freely; they are enemies to injustici-, tliey take
care of righteousness, they finish idleness and
OUT
eupcnslva ILvinf , knd instruct men lo be conteal
with what they have, and id be laborious in their
callingsi they forbid men'tu niaka war from a da-
sire of Keltini; more, but make taien ciiura>*ous
in defendiuK l^*' ^''**'= *bey are iueiorable in
punishiug iiialcfuilors! (hey admit no supliistry
of wonis, but are always eslablishad by actions
themaclvcs, whi«h actions we ever propose as
surar demonstrations than what is containad in '
writing only; on which account 1 aiu so Ixjld as
to say, that we are become the teachers of other
men in the greatest immber uf things, and IhoM
111' the nioul excellent nature ohly,— for what is
more excellent than inviolatile piety 1 what ia "
more just than sabniission to lawal' and what la
more advantageou* than mutual lo've and con-
cord I And this so far that Wa are ^o be naithar
dividetl by calaiuitits, nor to become injuriont
atul seditious in prosperity i but to contemn death
when we are in war, end in peace to apply oat-
selvca to our mechanical gccupationl, or to our
tillage of the gniund; while we in all thing* and
all ways are satisfied that C.b4 ia the iospector
and governor of our actiona. If these precepts
had either been written at first, or more exactly
kept by any others before us, we should have
owed them thanka as disciples ofre to their mas-
ters: but if it be visible that we have made use
6f 'them, more than any other men, and if wa
have demonatnted, that the diiginal invention of
them is our own, let the Auions, and the Molons.
with all lh« rest of those that delight in lt«s and
reproaches, sUnd coiifuted; but lit this and tha
Toregoing liook be deilicateil to thee, Epaphrodl-
tus, who art so great a lovei* of truth, and by thy
means to those thitt hav* been in like manner da.,
sirous to be acquainted with the affair* of our
nation. ' ^ . "—
AN EXTRACT OUT OF JOSEPHUS'8 DISCOURSE TO THE GREEKS
CONCERNING HADES.
j i. No«ra* W Hades, wherein the souU of
the righteous and unrighteous are (Ktained, it is
aectssary to speak oFit. Hade* is a place in
le world hot regularly finished; a subterraneous
region, wherein the light of this wofld does not
*hine; from which circyiustance, thai in this re-
.' eion the light does not , shine, it cannot be but
tnere must be in it perpetual darkness. This re-
gion i* allotted as a place of custod* for souls,' in
which ^ingels are appointed as guaruians to them,
, who distribute to them tcnipbrnry puiiisliments,
"agfeeable to every one's beh»vi()r/anvl uianners.
2. In this je^ion there i* a certain plane' set
, a|iart, as a lnl;o of Hm|ucnrhiible fiire, whereinto
we iiupposc no one hath hjtherto been cast^but
' It i»pr«par«d for ?^ day afore-determlned by God,
in whictij ona rightpoiia sentence shall dese^rvedly
be piitsed upon '.-all men; when th^ uiijlist, and
, those, that have -been disobedient io God, and
have given honor to such Idols os have been the
▼Bin oneratipas of the hnnds of tnen, as to Ood
himself, 9hc»ll be asyudged to this everlasting
puni^hment,''as having been the causes of defile-
"tment; While the just shall obtain an incorruptible
"and never-failing kingdom. These are now in-.
'' deed confined in Hades, but not in the tame place
wherein the unjust are confined.
■' ... 3. For. there Ts oOe, descent in this region, at
whose gate We believe there stands an archangel
jwith a host; which gate when those pass through
thai are conducicd down by the angels nppoioled
-. oTer*dkils, they do not go 'the same way, but the
' just arc guided to the rig-A< Aond, and are led
witBhymn*, *ung "by *'** - an ge ls a p p oi nt e d ov e r
that place, unto a region of light, in which the
iuat have dwelt from the beginning of the world ;
not coMtrnincd bv necessity, but ever cnjoWng
the prospect of tlie (jood lliinga they tee, and re-
joicing In the exjfeclatioh oftliote new enjoy-
ments which will be peculiar to'cvery one of them,
and esteemJng those things beyoad what We h«re
here; with whom there is no olace*f toil; no
burning heat, no pieccing cold; nor are any
briers Uiere; but the countenance of the fathers
and of the J4»st, which they see always, smile*
upon, them, while they wait for the rest and
eternal new life in heaveiD which is to succeed
this region. This place we call the bosom of
Abr»honi.'' ; . ,
4. But a* to the unjust, they are dragged by
force to the Ifft hand by the angels allotted for
.uunishiiieni, 'no longer going with a good will,
but as prisoner* driven by violence; to whom are
sent the angels appointed over them to reproach
them, and threaten them with their terrible
looks, and to thrust them still downwards. Now
these angels that are set over these souls drag
them into the neighborhood of hell itself; who
when they are hard, by it, continually hear the
noise Yifiti and do not »tand clear of the hot va-
por, itself; but when they have a near view of
this spectacle, as oT a -terrible Md exceeding
great prospect of .fire, they arc slruck with a
fearful exjpectation of a future judgment, aqd ia
effect puntthed thereby; not only *o, but where
they see the place [or choir] of the fathers and
of the jij«t. even hereby are they ^nished; for
a chaos deep and large is fixed between thein ;
insomuch that a just man that hath compassion
ujjon them cannot be admitted, nor.^^ can owe that
is unjust, if he were bold enough td attempt it,
ov e r it .
p ass ov e r it . — — — -—
5. This is the discourse concerning Hadet,
wherein the aoulffof all men hre roDfined until a
£ roper season which (Jod hath determined, when
e will make a resurrection of all meu from the
Jaadi aot pM
Aroa* on* body
vary bo<li**, w1
■alvad, do aot
laara not to (
dat tba jsul ii
lal Of God, a<
aad-tw* in tioi
that Ood iiabi
iKidr which wi
•laiaaal*, to m
b« aiid of Ood
and aaabia lo i
liarad that th
Iboagh it be d
earth receive*
aad while Ibi
anong^ the m
Shat IS sow*
14 rotghty i
1 Iprout up, aad
condition, thoi
o^d mixed [i
not raihiy ball
for althajgh ii
of the oriariaa
«a«t into tM <
atrdar t* bfe I
again each a*
rtty, and A t
'Aadtoever^ I
AimI when itk
win not be 11
pare, it will ci
joice with it,
taoaely now ii
• •*Bait. it wil
pau. But a*
|b«ir bodie* n
' a^di*tempcN
jame diseasci
they were in
when they thi
' .«. For all.1
•liall ft» broi
him bath thf
and be, in or
•hall come as
,MiiKMandRli
'you Greek* c
the Father ha
HAVSiUEWI
OOONTfPURTI
muTH. Th
(ndgmeat of
. preparad a ji
iDKtohuwoi
•IT men, and
trill *end fori
jOTMuairrt
|a*t *«ntence
to thoee wh(
Cmition; ,but
wo#k*etema
nnquenchabl
certain fiery
.injgthe bod;
the. body 1^
~ ueep giraM
■flbrd them
, from their i
pnyianof ti
«!• DO ionga
llorthy of n
■Mmber udI
they have i
which there
^o care, no i
ilan diriven,
bMVaa^by
\
J
COIfCCaNINO HADES. ,
m
•Mth
' prcMtrvM them i
'and are niilttri
1 1 aot procariiK a (iniitailiralion of wuU
lona budjplo another, but raitinK again IhoHi
v«r7 bo<liat, which jfou f iroka, iccinK to b« dia-
Mlvad, do not b«lia*it [Ihair rMurnvlion.] Rut
l«arB nol to diabaliava: for while jau D«liav«'
liat tb« jsul ii craatad, and yri U mad* intmor-
mI Of God, acconlinK to the doctrine of I'lato,
Mil- (We In time, ba not larredulnut, but believe
tkat Oodi* ikbia, when he bath rtiiicd to life that
body wbkli WM laade ai a compouod of the aama
•lamaata, to m>V« iltmroortal; forll muat neTer
bit aaid of Ood, Ibatba liable to do lome thlo)^
andaaabia to do othen. We have therefore be-
liarad that th« bodjr will be raiaed anin, for al-
IhoBgb it b« dimolf ad, it ii not parithed ; for tba
rth receive! Ita remaint, and
. while they are like aeed,
among; the mcire fruitfal iOil, thrjr Auurlih, and
what ■• aown 1* indeed aown bare grain, but at
tli« nitgbty (ound of (jud the Creator, It will
•prput up, aad be railed in a clothed and gloriuue
•onditlon, though not bcDure it haa bfea diuulvedi
a^d Milled [with tba, canh.] So that we have
not raahly bal laved tha reiurractlon of the ho<ljr;
for althoiigh it b« dlMolved flir a time on account
of the oriKiaai trantgr«uion/if exieta itill. and la
tut into tha earth, aa Intc^a potter't furhace. in
Otder ta IM formed acam, nut In order to riae
again auch ai it wai before, hut in a atate oi. pu-
rity, and 4> aa neverlo be deatroyed any mVe.
*Aad to every body ehall-ila owaeoulbe reatored.
And when it bath clothed itaelf with that body, il
will not be aubject to miacry, but |Ming Itaelf
pare, it will continue with ita pure bodv. and re-
Joicawitbit, with which it having walknl righ-
taoaaly bow in tbii world, and never having ib aa
> awiare. it will receive it again with great giad-
■eu. But aa for the unjuat, tbev Will receive
ihair bodici not Changed, not freed from diiekkea
ardittempcr*! Bor wade glorioua, but with thf
jiame diaeaaca wherein they died; and aMc|i a*
ihay were in unbelief, the ,iame ihallthey be
when they ah^I be faillifully judged. "^
' .4. For all4u«n, the juat aa well aa the unjuat,
ahall pt brought before Ood the Word; <or to
him hath thfi Father committed all iudrment,
aad he, in order to fulfill tha willofhia (atheri
•hall come aa jadge, whom wa call Chritt. ' For
,iliiK>aandI\hadamaatbni are not the judgea, aa
yoa Greekado aupixne. but he whom Qod and
the Father bath glorified. ConcciimimO whom WK
HAVS ittKWHElUC OIVXN A MORS PARTICiJ I^Aa'AC-
OOUNT.PtA THE lAllC OT THOSB WHO SEEK ArTBB
imUTH. TUi peraoo. exerciiinK the righteotu
)w]gmettt of the Father towarda ail men, hath
. preparad a juit aeotence for ev^ry one. accord-
IDK to hit worki; at whoie judgQient-aeat, when
•ir men. and angeli. and dcmona ahall atand, they
will icnd forth one voice, and uj, jUst i| THV
JOTMIMUrr; the reioinder to .which will bring a
JBit •antence upon both partiea. by giving juatl^
to thoie who hava doqe well, an cve^aating
frnition;,but allplting to the loveri'of wicked
woikt eternal puniibuient. To theae belong the
anquenchable ■ fian. and that without end, and a
certain fiery wprni never d^ring^, and not deatroy
iog the body, but continuing iti eruption out'pf
the. body with hever-ceaaing grief: neither will
■nep give eaif to theae men. nor will thehig^ht
ailford them clMpfprt; death will* not free them
, irom their ptiniithment. nor will the intarewKng
piayiBripf their kindred profit them; forthejaat
«• DO longer teen by them, nor are they thought
. alorthy of remembraBce. But the juat ahall re-
■Minher oaly their righteoua actiooa, whereby
thev have attV^Bd tne heavenly kiagdom. in
which there il no ileepiiio aorrowino corruption
tunda and cnnvanlona of tha laaMnf, for tke •
tier illumination of the life of men; no mooa
decraaiing anil iiirreaaing, or^ InlnHluclag a va- r
riety of iraaom, nor will ahe then nuiialea the
earth; no burniiiji aun, 09 Bear turning round
['the polr.l no OrK^ to riae, np wandering of in-
numerable alan. The earth will not then ba
diAcult tv be paaard over, iinr will II be hard to ■
ladoulth«courli>r parBdia«,norwilltheAabeaay '
fearfwl roaring of tha lea. forbiildihg the pawaa
gara to wy Ik un il. even that will ha made aaally
paiaable tblh^jual, though il wifl not ba void of
moiitura. Heaven will not then b<i uninhabila«
ble by men, and it 'will Bot ba impoiaibla to die-
cover tha way of aicendlng thither.- The earth
will BOt than be uncultivated, aor require loo
much labor pf men, but will bring forth ill
fruita of lla ownw^cord, and will ba well adorned
with ihem. There will ba no roor^Wprralion*
of fUM beaala, nor will the aubalaa|Kf the rrat
of the animal* ihnpl out any more : Inr it will not '
pro<iucr men, bul Ihr number of (he rirhtrnur
will conlinur, aa<l never hil. tngrll^er witli rirh-
Ivoua' a^gela, and anirila [of (iod.J and with nil ,
word, ai a choir 01 righleohi nitrn and Women >
that never groilr old. and continue in an incor-
ruptible atate, linging htnina to (lod, who hath,
advanced them to that nappineaa, bv the mean! -
of^a regular laftilutipo of life; wild whom the
whole cref lion alao will lift up a perneinnl hymn
from corruption to iiicorruplion, ai glorified ny. ^k-s.
'•' m o care, no a ight, no day m e a a ur e d by tim e , n o
1^ dJriveo, iu hii conne along the circle of
iMBVaa^by neceiiity, and meaiuring out the
•plandid and iture apirit. Itwill npt,.lheribe re> V
atraioed by a bpnd of^ecenity, bntwith a lively
frerdoni ihall oArr up a veNintary hymn, and
ihall pralae him that made tnam, tngrlhrr with -
the angela, and apirila, and men, now freed from .
all bondage. '^-
T. And now. if yott Oentilei will t)e penuaded '■'■
by theae nioliveir and leave '}-our vain imagine-'
tibni aboiH your pcdigreei, and gaining of richei,
and phll(>aophy. and will not lucnd your time '
about aublletiei of wonlL-and fnen^hy lead your
luinda into error, and if yitu will apply your eira.
to the hearing of the inapired propbeti. the in>
ternrcteri both of <lod a'nd of.hia vArd,«nd Wilt
believe ,ia God, you ahall both be parlaltera ol ' '
th eae t hinga, and obtain the good thing* that era
nUpliie: you ahall aee lh«. ascent into Jlh^ im- >.
manie heaven plainly, i^nd that kingdoiilf virhich .
la there. For what God h'th novr concealed in /
silence [will be then made manifeal.j" what '
neither eye hnth aeen, nor ear hath heard, nor -
hath it entered into the heart of man, the thloigf '
that Ood hath prepared for them that love '
him." . • ■ / „
8. '* In w°hataoever Wikjta I khall find jrpu. in
th<m ihill I judge vou entirely!" lo'^caiga^liw
END pf all tbinga. And he whp hafh at finTuved
a virtupui Hfe, but towa|*da the latter end faMl
into vice, theae labon, by Jtlm before endured
Ihall be altpgether vain and unprofitable, even
ai la a play brought tp an ill cataitrophe. Who-
ipever ahall have lived wickedly arid luiurioualy ;
may repent; however, there will be need of >
much time to conquer air evij habitiiipd after rC- '
peotance. hii whole life .n^uat be guarded with ;
great care and diligence, after the manscr pf a ' -
bpdy, which.' afte^Jt had been a longltiiiia afflitt- >
ed withadiitemper. requirea a atricter diet* and
methpd pf living: fpr though it niaiy be ppiilble,
perhapf, tp- Break pA° the chain of Pur irregular
afliectiPBi at 9nca; yet Pur amendment c^nnpt be
lecurad withput the rrace'pf God, the prayen pf
ffOoA ineii.the UelpoTthe brethren, and qur own
iincere repenfance and conitant, cape. It ii a '
good thing liot'toiiiv at kli;>it ii ahpgPod, havliw
tinned, to repent: at it ii beiMo faB*e health al>
way a , but i t^ t a gppd thi n g tp r e cpv er from a di »
^v
.' v
.temper.— To God be gIbr/BndidpmlDion for*T*r
and ever. Amen.
\
Jtti
KHD or THB wurnrtM <)F joo^hvs.
4p:^^_,^._.::^.
3^
«
: W
\ APPENDIX.
b<
SiHCK" W« roMrwIth e«rtMO iropoTl»n( *Mli- 1 inquirinn «fl«r ih. r«u.« of lh« dMlrutlioii o(
J„.»phat «h« J«W»n 'ir^'-.^-j^u, „j oughnu )!«• •.UI.Ih.uh.iriu.rhil.Mont
•• ■purioMt, II will u« ni iur nir, wni
drcliirwl my trni beliaf thi< >h«»
wr»« Konuinc, (o i.t do«vtt fairlv <
oriKinai •vhlrnt* •ml cil»»ioi»» I nw
■ionitt In ,
'CuriiiiiK Jol"! *)>« H«|)*i«l. »ti« *'"'*™"'""
of Nniir«itl>, ciiiM-rrHinK Jnui i>f N«»rrlli him-
fU, and conrantiiiK-Jaiii** Ih* Juil. Ui« liroOiar
of Jctutof Naiari'tht abd iinca thr prinripal
UMimonjr. which Ulliat coiie<'rninn;J«'«uiolN»«a-
Mlh hlmii-K, hath ol lain lifaii RrMlly inwMlon-
•d by iimny.aiiil mnUed bjr iDiiie ut |li« l«»rn«d
•• .purioM*. i« will ba fit fur mr, who b»»« a»«r
■ ' ... - .V . .i._„ iimiiiiioniaa
•unie of the
rtjriiial •vitirnta anu cnaiHj»» • nava'iuat milh
in (ha flr»t llftifn c«iituri«aroli*friiiii|lc thfiii.and
(hfiilu nmk* p'ri>pcr obii;r»»lnim uiwn lh»t «t»i-
daocc, for Iha riadtr'a mora roiiiplcti *a(ialar,li«li.
But bafurc I pruduce tb« ciutinnithaiiurlvtii
out o( Joifphui, til* nia laava to prapnra tha
raadar'a nlli-nlioil.by aetlinKdown lhe«»ntiin»nt«
of perhap* (he iiiuat karncd (M^rtuii. anil th«
Boat coiuiMtriit juilge that rver wai, u to the
authority of Joacphuji, I meaa of Jotrph Sculi-
5ar, in the IVolfudniena to hit book Ue k^iiien-
ationa 'I'aniporuiii, p. 17. " JoaJ-phua It tb« i»o»t
diliKanl and the greatett lover of triitli of nil
writera; nor are wo iifraid to aflirin of liini, lliat
it ia more aiifa to btlievo kini, not only an to the
■flaira of the Jcwf, but alio ai to thoae that am
foreign to them, than all ll'« <"reek ami Latin
writera, and thi«, lirrkuie hi» fiilelity anil lincoiu-
pait of learning ar««Tery where coinpicu/m«."
Tkt ancient CUalionso/lh* TflimoniuijfJo-
tij>hu$,from hi§ own T<m« lill <A« tnd i/ lh$
tytttnlh Ctnlury.
MoulA. D. no. Taeit. ^ntutl. lib. xv. tan.
44.— Nero, in order toalifle the rumour, [fft if he
himaelf had act Rome on fire,] aacribul it to
thoae people Who were hated lor their »vickad
practice!, and called by Iha vulgar "Chriatianii '
tbeic he puniihed c«|uiii(<;ly. The author of
thU nam* wa* Chrut, who, in the rei/fn (f Itlit-
riu», VHU brgught iofunithntnt by ronltui FUalt
Ihi procurator. ,, . ,^. ,
About A. D. 147. Just. Mart. Dialog, cum
Trypko. p. 3;W.jr-you [J«wa} knew th«l J«u.
«aa riaen from the dead, and ancended into h«a-
reit, at the prophccica diil funtcll wa» to hanpen.
About A. J). 230. Origin. Commtnl. inMalth.
p. 234.— Tbii ifanie* wus of io ihinijig a charac-
ter among the people, on acdouut of hit right
teoliineii, that Klaviu* Jo«ci»liu», wheii, inliij
twentieth book of the Jewish Antiqortiet, he had
k mind to act down what waW the cause why the
people suffered tiich iiiixriei, till the very holy
liouie wa» dcmoli.hed.jie iajd, that the.e thing.
befell them by the anger of pod, ,,on account of
what they had dared to du foOiimf*, the brother of
Jetui, who waf called Ch/ist: and wonderful it in
that while he did not receiJe Jei'lls for Chri»t,ho
did nevcrthclesa bear wiln^as tliit James was »o
righteous a man. He tays/farthir, that the peo-
pU thought that thisy suffered/ these things for
the sake of James. I J
About A. D. 250. CoMfa Ctf$. lib,, i. p. 35, 36.
I would say toCel«u»ywhpA)«r»onatesa Jew,
(hatadmittcaof John (to Biptist, and how he
baptised Jeius, that oi^ wh6 lived but a lilUe
wbile after John and J^iut, tyrole, how that John
was a baptiser unto Wie reo/iiiuion of siiis. For
Joaephut testifies in thfe eigMtecnth book of Jew-
iih Antiquities, that /John/ was the Baptist, and
that be promised pu/ificatjfort t« those thai were
baptitedi The sainfe Josfphus alto, although be
did not belier* In^u* 4» Christ, when ha wit
ghii-
agninit Jaaus war* tha i-auta of thot* nitt4-rlat
roining on Ihe pnoplr, liai:au»a thrj hiiti tlaia
that <-'hri»t who Wat fontnl.l liy thr iir/iph4>lt, he,
thciuglL at II war* uawdlingly, and vvt at ona '
not rriiiole from the trMth, sayl, "' f haia Miisa-
rici befell the Jnwt1)y way of r>-vrng« foe Janif t
the Juit. who Wat the brother of Jcsiii. that was
callad- Christ, because they hail 'Mn him who
WHS a nxitt righ(enul iienon." i\ow (hit Janiet
#ti liu whom (lia( genuiiir diteiplti of Jeiut,
Fnul, tald he had seen at Iki Lont'i bmlhtr;
[Ual. i. 19.1 which raladun implies not to iHUch
nearneta of blood, or tha. sanii'iiett of education,
at it <io(!tl)>e agreement of mimnrn and prrarh-
ing. If Ihrri'fiire he sa)< th« dmolutlon of Je-
rutaU'in iMfelKthe Jf>y» for^the suke of Jamas,
with how much grrnler reason inichl he hay*
sahl. that it hapnined for lh« sake of ii-sus'V kc.
About .H. D.^iA. katth. Oimomlr. Evitn.lib:
iii. p. l.i4,-'Cartuinly (h« adcsliitltm of Ihota' I
iliivo afniidy produced coticrrniiiK our Savirfbl •
nmy btisuHirient. However, it iiiiiy nii4 be iimist,
if, over und ttbojei-wc nitke uae oV Josephiis Ihf
Jew for further, witness; Villi in (he eiKht«en(h
bnokof his Andiiuities, iii!hen>>e wait tvrUiug (he
history of what happened .under I'llnle, , iiiaKli* .
nirntion of ouV Saviour irt these words i "Now ■•
(h'eru ivas al>ou( (hit (inie Jeatis, a wl<r man. Kit
b« lawful (0 ciiH hlin a man,' for he was a doer of •
wonderful works, a teacher of- luch" men at had
a vriieralion for trutlii he drew over to lllin both
many tif the Jewt a|i<Vniuiiy />f the Uenlilet:
lie wiis the Christ. And when I'ilate, (t the
suggeation of the principal men among u*, had
condemned him to the cross, those that loved him
at first did not forsake him ; for he appeared unto
them alive again the third day, at the divine
prophett hail tpoken of theso and ten thousand
other wonderful thingt concerning him; whenco
the tribe of Christiana, to named from him, are
not extinct al thit day.',' If, thc^rufof*^ «« b»»«
tliit liittorian's testimony, thiit he nol only brohght
over io liimtelf the twelve npoHllis, with tho se-
venty disciplei, but many of the Jewt and many
of the Cientilesalso. he must munifeatly have had
tnnievtrhiit in him extraordinary above ihe rctt of
mankind, for how otherwise could he draw over
BO many of the Jewt and of the Uentilet, un-
lets h« performed admirably nod aniaiiiig works,
and dseda method of teaching that was not com-
nioinT Moreover,/ the scripture of the Acts of.
the Apostles beattwitneat, ihiij^fherc wore many
, (eii thousands of/jows, who were persuaded that
he was the Chjjtt of, God. who was foretold by
the prophett. [Acts ni. ^20.] '
About A. D. 330. Hi$t. Eccltt. Ub.'t.cap. 11.—
Now the divine tcripturc of the Uoi]>clt niakw^
mention of John the Bupliwt ns having hit heaa
cut hit by the younger Herod. Jotcphut alto'
concurs in this history, and mnki a mention of
Hi^diat by name, at Ihe wife of hit brother ,
whom Herod had married, upon divorcing bit
f(frmer lawful wife. She wat (he daughter of
Aretnt4king uflh)) Pctreau Arabiant; and which
Herodiaa be had j)erted from-hcr hutband while
he wat alive: on, which «ccotint alto, when he
had s l a in John, h e n i »de«ar wit h Ar e t a t, [Ar ^-
•#: ■'■
Jler«o«er, Ihe
ohn to have h
Uapliti, couif
wrillan in tin
Hanxl lost bM
HarodiaSt tog
coiHleitinad (<
Oaul. /Vnd <l
bouji of tha /
John Hr6a/tM
the d«s4rucli&
and Ihal very
ha dill agamsl
fur Herod ale
one that couiii
both aa lit ri
and piety tow
titm, for thai
walerj wouk
'ibay matin iit<
uaray |i)r Iha
for iha puriti
thar tha loul 1
by righleouti
came in cn>w<
delighted in I
that thit to gi
tend to some
In be dit|iutei
them to, to h
attempt of a
off, tnan ufl
brought aboil
repent [of t
wat tent a I
temper, to t
^tipned, and «t
'tephut had ti
aho of our I
thit manneri
one Jetua. a i
a man, for h<
tisacber of ti
Sleature; he
ewt, and ml
Chritl. And
the principal
to the cfrust,
not fortako
again the thi
foretold thct
things conce
Cbrittiant, ti
at thit day."
the Hebrewi
thingi abovt!
the Uaptisti
for any furti
NoviT Jam
wat so celch
•hat thejudi
the occa'ainn
cai'ne on pre
it befell the
piout act tb
tcphut, then
' in writing, b
erict betell
/ James the J
that wnt call
had tlainhii
The tame
death in th
in these woi
to be procai
wat dead,
had been ai
in temper I
. ■n«nner. ]]
tat made war with him,] bccuutc hit daughter-
had been used dithonorably. In which wari
when it came tuabattle, be tayt, that all Herod^s
lurmy wat deitroyed, and that he tuffered thla
becauie of hii wicked contrivance a^iainst John.
6J0
who
Ilie other •
Since, then
nus, he tbdi
D:
■S^\
V"
'•■^
DiBflERTATION I.
I
ilioa o(
toninU,
inHllon*
llliMTlM
id lUm '
HI 00* '
I* HliM>
« Juniri
:hit nrtt
liiii whii
• Juniri
( Jraui.
^irolhtr ;
•<> M<ur,h
liiratinn,
prriirh-
in ol Je-
r Jnnici,
ht h«y«
lui'V Ac.
.'ron. Uk
Ihoi*' I
Kiivi(i'lil •
b« iiiiiiw,
phiu Ihi*
l(lit«<'n(h
Ttiug Ihe
', , iimltlit '.
i;'"Now ♦:
iimli, Kit
■ ilu«r nf •
n at had
liilii Imth
(tnililM:
0, «t the
i( u«, hail
iovvii him
•rt'd unto
he tlivine
thonnnd
I wlienco
him, are
we have
}' brolight
(h (ho ie-
itiid many
have had
he rett of
Iraw over
tilei, un-
iig worki.
I not com-
! Acta of.
rore many
ided (hat
retold by
cap. 11.—
tt\* nialtM^.
; hia he«a
phui alto'
iiejition o(
I brothtr ,
orcing fait
iu|;htcr of
and which
ind while
, when he
i t a i, [Ar e-
daughttf '
thicK war,
II Herod'i
Rered this
unit Jbha.
610
}Ur«o«er, lb* tane Joaaphiia, b) acknowUdRing
aha to hkva been a inoet rl||htKau< man. aliif (he
Uautiat, cuui|Mr<'t in hi* (■•tiuiuiiy wKh what la
»rll(an in the (iuiuelt. lU alwi rtU(*t, lh«(
lUrod luat hi* klogaoiii for (ha aaka o( (he Mma
llerodiaa. iog«(h*r with wbuiii he wat himwlf
coiHlaiiuned to b* baniibrd (u Virnna, a <'i(y of
Oaiil. And Uiia >• hi* a<i:i>iin( in (hr iigh(rt!n(h
book uf (ha Anti<|uili«i, whrra he wri(M (hii iil
John ■«r6a/Ml' umie uf (be Jew* (liuagbt (ha(
the ijeatrucdun uC llen.d'a,,army raw* fruM Uud,
and (ha( very juady. a> a pumahmrnt for wN(
he dill «K*""* '''•hill (hat w«< railed lh«i ll»|>tia<|
fur llerud ale w hiiu, who waa a^gnoil niun, anil
one (het couiniinded the Jew* lueierriae virtue,
both ea (i> righ(<'uuaneaa towarda oiiu annthrr,
•ad pie(y tuwenia dud, and i« (■> mine to bap-
litm, I'ur that by (hit lueana (he wnahliig [with
wa(erj would aiinear ai'r«p(alila (o him, when
'ibey niai.ln iiae ul It, niK in iinler (o (he putting
ueray [t^r (h* nymiaauml ulawiie aint liinl),| bu(
for the puriUcadon of (he body ; aMpiMiaing a(ill
thar the «oul war thorouj^ly pttriAed beforeneml
by righ(«i)uant'aa. Now ivlun | many | odiera
came in cmwiU alMiut him, lor {\)ry w«r<> grrutly
deligh(cd in hiariiig hit wurda, llrrod wnaiUraid
tllattbia ao great (Kiwerof pertunding iiieu might
tend to tome ttilition or other, for (liry aviiiied
lobe dia|ioaed (i> do every (hing ha ahiiuld advian
them (o, ti> hif anppoted ,it he(t«'r (o prrveiK aiiy
■Iteiiipt of « mutation I'ruiii liini.lty cudiiig him
off, than ufter niiv auiih iiiiitatitin a'hiiuld lie
brought about, ami the public ahoulil anfltr, to
repent [of luch nrgiigenre.l Acrordingl^r, he
WU »ent a iirleuner out of Herod't <u»picioui
teinpt r. In MnrhitTua, Ihe cattle I bel'iire men-
tipncd, ami Waa there put to death, WhrnJii-
'Mphua had auid Jjiia ul John, he makea mriitlon
iJto of our Saviour in (he tame hittory, after
tb'ii manner; "Now (here waa about tnit time
Oa< Jetuk. a wlt« man, if it he lawlul (o call hint
/ •■gaii, fur he waa a doer of womlerl'ul worki, »
' tMchcr of auch Bien «a reci-ive (he (ru(h tvi(b
Slekture; hedrrwoVer to him both many of the
ewt, and mai||r of (he (ivntilet aUo: he waa the
Chritt. And wHeii l'lla(e, at tho tuggea(ii>n of
the principal men aiiionj; ua, had condtniiird hiiii
to (he cVuta, (hoae (ha( loved him a( (he lir.i( did
not furtakc him, fur he ap|)cared (o (hem aliVe
■gain (he (bird day, at the divine iirupheta had
foretajd thcae, auu (en thui^annd other wonderful
thing* concerning him. And a(ill the (ribo of
Cbriadana, ao noiiiod from him, are iiu( i x(inct
at tbit day." ' AihI aiiice thit writer, apruiig from
the Hebrewi themai'lvis, bath delivuritl thete
thinga nbove in hit own work, concerning John
'* ttie linptiatand our Saviour, what room it there
for any furtherevntionT &c.
Now Jtniea wat ao wonderful a prrton, and
wat «o celebrated by Ml othert for ri);hti'ou»o<!*'<
'.hat the judicioui Jewi thimght thin to hav^ been
the occa'ainn of that liege of Jeriitalem, which
. cai'ne on pretcntly after hn martyrdom, and thiit
it befell them for no other reaioii, than that iiii-
piou* act they were guilty of against him. Jo-
tcphut, therefore, ilid not rcfuae (o ^(te«t (iMJreto
' in writinjf, by the word* following; "Thcsemia-
■ «rict betell the Jens by way of revenue fur
/ James the Jutt, who waa the brother of Jeaui
that wni called Chriat, on (hit ai'ruun(, (hat thry
had tlainhimwho wat n most righteoot peravn.
The tame Jote^ihut ileclurct (ne nmiiner of hit
death in the 'tw<n(ic>(h hook of the An(ii)oitlea,
in thete wordt: " Cieiiar tent Alhiiiut into Judea
to be procurator, when hir hod heard that ('eitui
wat dead. Nvw Ananut junior, who, at weaaid,
had been admitted to (he bigh pricsdiood, wat
in temper bold and daring in nn extnuirilinary
miinner. He wHt nUo of (lie aii t of (he Sndilu
•It
fto eterriaa hl« aulhnrllji,! btMdte rettu* wo*
dead, and Albinu* wm Imt u|i"n (he roaJi •« l»«
atteinbiea ihv Minlirdrlni »( iudget, and bring*
iMfiire (hem Jatiie* (he br»(her of Jeaut, wM
wat calird (.'hrit(, and annie olhert fof hit loni-
(lauluaa,! and when hr had fnrmeil au ai-ri|ia(loa
agaiuat (hvni a* bieaktn of (he law, he deliver- .
«d (hem (II be a(iiii«il i but a* for thote wh» teem>
cd the nii»( »i|iiilable of (he eilidrna, and thntt
arlio'wera the mutt unraay at the breiu h of th«
UWa, tliey iliillkril what waa done. They alt* .
went (u (he king | Agrippa.l iliairirtg hlin (0t«n4 •.
(11 Ananut lha( Iwohuulil ■r( an nn iiiurv, tor (hal
wha( he had alrenily done could not be jutti-
ll»d,"*c. .. , .
Jthoul A. D. 3tU>.V>m6rM(,or Hifttiff^ d»
ICarid. Urh. l/i.rorolym. «*. II. i<ij<. Ii--W«
have dial ovrnil (hu( i( wa« (he opinion and tie*
iirf of (he Jrwii at Joirphua ainrmi, (whii !• Wk
au(linrnii( (o be rejeid'il, when he wrKet aguiml -
himaelf.) (ha( Ifemd liia( hi* army, not by (h«
deceit of men, but hv the anger of tlml.aiid (bat
jiiady, mm ell«t of revenge 6>r what he did ta. _,
John the Itapiiat, n juti man, who had taid In him
It li not Uufiil/or tht* lu A«i'4 Ihjf brothtr't vi\f:
'I'h* Jewa thi'iiiielvca aM)> Imir witneea (o
tJhria(, at ap|>ear« by Jutephna, (he wrKer of
(heirhlKory, who taya (hu«: 'I'hiil (hen; Wat at
(hat lime a wite man, if (a«ya he) it be lawlul lo
have him railed a miiii; ii dorr of wonderful
workt, who appeared to hia dianplna allir the
third day from liit death nhve again, arconling
to (he wridiigt of (he priiphi'(a, who foretold
thete and innunieraMe o(h|ir niirnvMluua even(a
concerning him; from whom brgaii (he congre-
ga(iun of Chrit(iant,and liadi |i<'ne(rn(eil among
all tiir(« of men ; nor doe* thrni reinain any na-
tion in the Roman worhl which luniinuet atnin-
ger* ti) hit religion. If (he Jewt tlo nut believa
UK, let Ihein at leatt believe (htiv own wri(ert.
Joiiphna, whom they etireni a very great molt,
hath taid (hia, and >e( halh hetiioken Irutli tifter
tucli n manner, anil to liir waa nit niiinl wamltr-
red from the right way, (hat even he win nut a
believer nt to what he himaelf taid; biil tliu* he
tpukc, in order (o deliver liiadiriciil (ruth, b«'.
cauaci he (hoiight it not lawful I'ur himtoderi ive, '
while yet he wna no believer, Inrauae of th*
hnrdneat of ,hi* heart uiid hit |ierfidioua inten-
tion. However, it wiit no prijuilirr to (he.(ru(h
that he waa not a lillirver; but (hit nddi mora
weight to hit teitiiiiiiny, tliut while li<- Wat an
unlH^'liever, iiiul unwilling (hitahouKI be (rue, ha
httt no( denied i( to be aii.
JlhuHl A. /). 40(1. f/iVronym. </e Vir.IUuttr.
in J'tifrvAp.— ^oaephut, in the eighternthbouk p(
Anlii|ui(iea, mo»( e»l)ri«ly acknowledgct that
Chritt waa alnin br the I'hnriacei on iicruuilt til
the greatnet* of hit mirnrlen, iind thai John die
Unp(i*( wB*(ruly aprophe{; and (lm(. Jerusalem
wat demolithed on account of the tiaughter ol
Jamet the Apiiade. Now, he wrote concirning
our Lord af(er (hit manner: " At the tame (iuif
there wat Jetua, a wiac miin, if yet it be liuvful
to rail him a man, for he wna a doer of wonder-
ful worka, a teacher of (hii«e who willingly re-
ceive the (ru(h: He hnil iiiiiny fnllowcra b<>(h ol
(he Jew* and of the (ientibt. Ho wat believed
to be Chritt. And when, by the envy of our prin
cipal men, Pilate liM nuidemned him (o (he
cro"!, yet no(wi(hi|iiniiin(;, lho»e whu hail loved
him at fimt pertevered, Inr he appeared to theni
alive on the third day, na (he oraclirt of (ho pro-
^^„, who are more tavage. in juilgmen( (ban
(he other Jewa, us we linye alrindy aignilied.
Since, therefore, (hit was (hi charac(trol Ana-
Dus, be thought hr had now a proiier opportunity
phelt had 1'orelold manv of (hew and o(her won-
derful (hiiigt conrerniiig him; and (he tec( ot .
Chrintianii, to named from him, are not extinct •
at thit day." „ . . ..
About A. D: 410. hidonu Ptiii$tola. Ih»
Schotariif'Ghrtitottum.lili. iv. tpi$l. aJj-T-'l'liera
.*%;■*
t
wat one Jiwephus, a Jew, ol the grealesi rrpu-
tfttinn, «nJl one (lint wn* zenluut of -the law ; ona
alto that pwajihraaeil (he OhI 're«(inKn( with
truth, and acted taliantly fur the Jlwi, and had
*V;
•It
oiwEif ation r.
•lta«aJ ilnir tWr MMl«M«t W* iMhl«r (llM
••II li* ilMt-nlM'l tijr woril* Ndw, »iim:i> h» ni«<l«
Ikatr iittarvit |i» |iUFa tci Irulh, lor b« wiiiil'l
IHil tuftpntt Iha ojitniua ul Imptoua linn, I thinfc
it narawary lu (at iliiwii hi* wiirtla. What lh*n
4«a< ha M)it " Nam Ihara Mrai atiniat Ihat lima
•na Jaau*. ■ wIm man. l( >• >» lawful tu (Tall hi»
• ina», lur ha t*a« • lioarof wondarful workt, •
toackar <^ tuch man •* raralt^ Iha Irulh wllh
■■••(Ma. H« draw otar Inhiiii boMt many of Iha
Jawt aail rmajt of Iha (ianlilati Ma «»* tka
Chrtat. And lah^a I'lUu, •! Iha •ufgaalioa of
Iha |irliK'i|Ml man amonc ui.hail cumli'iunail hiiii
til Ihr cniM, ihuM Ihal \nitit liiiii at Ural iliil nol
forulii! hull, fur lia apiirarril l<i Ihcin lh« Ihinl
' ilay •liira aKaln, ai (ha <li«iiia pniiihcla had tald
tkata aail a *Ml nuuitmr uf olhar wunilcKul
tlii*|tcoiirarntaK hum ahd Iha Iriha of ('hrii-
tt»M, to ■iiiii«<l7ruiii him, ara mil atlliirl al Ihia
day." Now I csnnul hut wondttr ^raalty al Ihi*
Maii'i |ii«^ uf Irulh iu luaigf rrtiwfela, bnl rhlvrtji
whara ha Myl, "Jaatia waa a laach'r of man who
raeak»a<l Iha Irulh with pixatura."
Akoul A. O. *M>. .S'0Mm«ii. Hitl. KcrtM. Nt. i.
ff, I— Now Joaaphua. iba Kin nf Mattalhra*. a
itri>'<l,a man of vary (raal not* buA amoiic tli^
Jrwi and Aomaiif, ma» wall b« a wilnaia of cr»
ilil, •• lolb« Irulh of Chriil'a hiiloryi for h«
tcruplat lo call him a man, as bring • doar of
wondarful workt, and a taarhrr of Iha worda of
Irulh. Il« naiiiatbiin (,'hriat ODKoly, and l» nol
Ignorant lhal ha waa cnndnninril l<> Iha croaft and
•bpaarad <tit |Im thini day alive | and that l«n
Ihouund oth«r wondarful Inlngt wara foralold of
him by Iha ijivlna pruphala. H* taalllat al«o,
Ibal tboaa whom ha drawovrrto hiiu, baing ma-
ny of Iha Uanlilaa aa well hi of Iha Jawt, con-
linuad 10 love hiuii and lhal Ibn tribe nain'il from
him waa not then rutinct. Now hr •rem* In ma
by ihit hid r«lation,almoat to proclaim thai Chri>l
ik (iod. Hbwevar, ha •p|>rar» Uj hava bean ao
•tfectad with Iha ttrangt m •» of llie thing, aa lo
run ai it were in a lort ol nilildle way, lo h< not
lu iiut nny imlignily up»in btiievKm in him, but
ralltcr |o afford bit lu/rraga to Iheni.
Jiboul A. D. bW. Cuuidont, Hill. Trivnt-
lU. * SoMimiHO. Now Jotephut, the ton of Mm-
lalhiai, and • priaat, • man of f^reat iiobilily
among th« Jewi, and of great digiiii v among the
Roniuna, beari witnctt lo the Irulh of (.'hriit't
hlttory; for he daret not cull biiu a man, «• a
doer of famoui Workt, and a t«»ch«-r of true doc-
trinal: ha naniet him C'hriil openly; and il not
igniirent that he iva» condemned lo the cro«», and
•pne^red on Ihe third duy alive, and that an in-
tniie number of other wonderful things were
foretold of hiiu by the holy proplieta. Moreover,
ha leatifiea alio, thnt there were then •livem^ny
whom h« had chbaen. both (ireeka and Jrwi,
ud that they continued to love him ; and that Ihe
•act which wai named from hiin wai by no meana
estinct at that time.
A.V.MO. Chron. Alt*, p. 614.— Now Jote-
nhnaatto ralateiiin the riKhteenth book of Anti-
quitiei, how John the ifaptiat, Ihat holy man,
waa beheaded on account of Herodiat. the wife
• of Philip, Ihe brother of Hortwl himaelf; for He-
rod had divorced hia former wife, who waa itill
■live, and had been hia lawful wife: aha wa> the
daughter of Aretai, king of the Petraani. When
Ibarefore Herod had taken Htrodiu awny from
her husband, while he waa yet alive, (on wboae
•ccouiit h« tiew John •Iso,) Arctat made war
agoinit Herod, became hit daughter had been
dishonorably treated. In which war, he *»y%,
that all Herod'a army waa deitroved, and Ihat he
•uffered that calamity because of the w[ckedAeti
ha had bee n
tea, Ihi
o f a g a i nst J o h n . Th e t>m «
other naraanrr r*aan«lll|«, aa alstt Ml of lk«
holy li.is^wU, and uul of Jiiaapkus'* wrilin|a,
who waa a wiaa wan among Iha flabrawa, ke.
i*. &f4, ftMJ Joaaphua ralatasm iba Sfthlioah
of Iha I Jewish 'I war, Ihat JarusaUm waa lakanls
Ibalhinl |i«<-4in>l)yaariir VrsiHulan. as after forty
yrars iiui* Ihay lUml In |iiii Jraua lo death' la
which llaia ha any s, Ihat Jaiiiea Iha linilhiir of o«r
|«rd, aad hiahop of Jrrusali'm, waa thrown d<lw*
[fnMW Iha lampla.J ami shMH of them by sluMng.
AhmttA. lt.14A.Ai»»iliui»»Altl>mifanlr.Jitd.
— Nuw Joaaphus, an a)ilhor and wrilar of your
own., >aya of (.'hrlsl, Ibiil h« waa a juil and good
mail, ihowad anililtyUred ait Inha bv divine grata
who gave aiil lo iwany li» aigns and mir»cl»a.
Ahma A, If.rm. (Uomim HymttU<u C*rr».
p. 3OT, ~Thaa« wisarias b«l«ll the Jaws by way
of raveoga for Jamra iha Jnal, who waa the bro-
ther of Jeans lhal waa railed Chrial, on Iha ac-
count that Ihey hail slain him who was ■ moat
righlaous parson. ' Now, as Ananua, a |i«p<>l| ol
Ihat chararieri Ihoaghtlira h»d a |«rop»r opporta-
hlly, brrausa t'ealuS wai itcMl, tad ADmiius waa
but upon the road, s<i h« •ssamhiaa Ihe sanha-
drim of Judges, and brings before them Janiai.
Ihe broihei- of Jraus, who wai called f.'hrial.
and soma of his companions ; and whan ha had
formail an accusation against Iham, aa lireakara
of the law, ha delivered them lo be stoneil \ bat
as for Ihosa Ihat seemed Iha mnslaquitable Of Iha
i;ili»rna. and ihoae that war* ihr ninal uneasy at
Ihe breach of Ihr laws', Ihey disliked what waa
dune. They also sent lo Ih* king |. A grippa.l de-
siring him lo send to Aaanus, lhal he should art
so no more, for what hf ha<l ilon* •Iraady could
notbe jusliArd.fkr.
AhautA. V, HSO. Joh«n MaliU Chron. lit. I.
— i'rom lhal time began the deslrurllon of Iha
Jews, as Josenhus, the philosopher of the H«<
brews, halh vvritleni who also said this, Ihat from
the lima the Jews crucified Christ, who wka •
good and righteous man, (lhal is, if it lie fil lucall
such a one a man, and nut a (Iod.) Ihe lend of J«-
dea was never free from trouble. These thingath*
uuie Josepbut Ihe Jew has related in hia writin|i.
,4lo«« Jl. i>. 880. i'Aofiii* Cod.Hh. ilvili.— I
haie read the Iraalise of Josephus about the uni-
verse, whose title I have elsewhere read lo b«.
Of th* Huhitanei qflki Unittru, It is contain-
ed in two very •mall treatises. He treats of tha
origin of th* world in a brief mannar. However,
he speaks of Ihe divinity uf Christ, who is ou^
true (Jod, in* way very like 16 what we use, de-
claring that the same name of (.'hrist belunn to
him, emi wrileaof his inelTahle generation of th«
Father, after such a manner, as cannot be blam-
ed; which thing may perhaps raise a doubt in
■onie, whether Josephus were Ihe author of the
work , thoughihe pbraieology does nol el •Il differ
from this nian'a other works. , However, I have
found ia sonie papers, that this discourse was not
written by Josephus, bul br one Caius a presbyter.
CqJ. ccaxxviii.] Herod th* lelrarrh of Gali-
lee and oi Perea, the son of Herod the Great,
ftllinlovc, aa Josephus says, with the wife ol
his brother Philip, whose name Waa Herodiat,
who WHS the grand-daughter of Herod tha Great,
by his son Arittobulus, whom he had slain.
Agripim was also her brother. Now Herod look
her away from her husband, and married her.
This is he that slew John the Dautist, that|;reat
man, the forerunner fof Christ,] being afraid, aa
Josephus says, leat he should raise a sedition
among his people: for they all followed tha direc-
tions of John, on account of Iheexcellencv of hit
virlue, In his time was the passion of our Saviour-
Cod, itxxiii.] 1 have read the Chronicle of Jut-
tut of Tibarias. — He nniili Ihe greatttt ptrt of
„ |M
what wat niott necessarji to be related; but, at
ibfected with Jewish prejudices, being also him-
telf • Jew by birth, he makes no mention at all
of the advent, or of the ictadone, orof themira*
clet wrought, by Chri tt. ^
lald-
Josephus relatet, that Herod lost hit kingdom on
account of Herodiat, and th^t with her he waa
bfenithed to Lyons, &c.
P. 526, 627.] Now that our Saviour tanghthit
packing three yean, it dtmonitrated both by
.(;■
•It*
I
ni»«KRTATU)N C.
•It
TSl lm4 UHttrUiH. MmorOil in .1*H» *»»<■
(«r.im, «««. V. |. IW »/Hhr,< ./u»f|.», p. dl -_
(•Mrirfiut. • |>ri.»» of MmmLh., »i..I ..w lb«»
wr..l« wUh irmli lh» M.l.«y..l ih- J. •■•»••{■
fair.. !•»•« wii».M |h»l <:hri.l, th. In.» l.xl.
WM iiwiiriiiil». ii««l in»riri.(T, ■ml llir lliml "l»y
rttar HBnin 1 ««h.i«i t»rtti»«« >!"• ilf |t«>.iii il in iu»
pul.li. Ithfiirjr. rh.i. U- .»>.! " ^<>w tlii-r» WW
SlM.nl till* IIIH« J««««, • HIWMlM, inilPl' IHHWI
l4i cult hiiH II iiMin. •«>» '"' <»•• » «'"" »' <»i>n»'Y'
ful worlit, » <««<h*r »' •'"'h kmiib* r»i»in> IM
truth with |iUK<iir<': hn ilrrw uvk^r In hiiii Ixijh
m«iir •>( 'ii" J' «•■ »'"' ""•»; "' Ihf (If iitiU* iil»*i
Ihit WM Ihn «hri»l. Ami wh»ii I'lUU. •»«»••
miTKriilion of tli» prinfljiKl «"" "iii'>ii|J "•■ h"''
toiiil«-iiiii*'l ►>'»• l" ••>" '•"'"• '•"'"• """ '"*•''
biin 111 thu ltr«l, iliil hot l..rMk» him, l.ir Iib up-
urnfA III tin III ulivr urcni" I'l" •'""' <l") ■ »• •'"*
Sinn* priilihrti liml l'»r»lilJ lli< <••, "ml I'lUhoil-
iml olhir wiimli'rliil Ihinm «4)in-i'riiiii(t hii".
„nil milt ltl» Irilm of tltiriSliHHil, lO nanird frrrtn
Mm, «r» not otiiirt •« •••i" ''»)•" '*'"•'<' ••<»r»- |
for* llm i»ril»r (if ihu ll<.hr»>»« Im. riii(r«»«irt ,
th|« ti«liiiiiiiijr eiiiii'friiiiiB qur l.ilrit mul Snyiiiiir •■
In hi. own i>ook«. what il*l'«nc« call Itior* r»iii«i»
for Ihi' uiilifli'vi r« I ^
Ahnul jl.t>. two. Hu'uUt in voet Jituiii—Vf
Iwvn f.iuml Jii««til who hmh wrilli n iihoiil the i
UkliiKof JuriHiitwii, (of whom KiU'^i'" riii"- |
phili iii«kr« irt)(ui III iiifutloii ill hi« l'(«''lr«lii«ti- |
cat lliitor),) •minK <>|>»til.v ni hw iin'iiioN of lh«
taiHivity, ih»l Ji>«il»oHliiiit<'i in iti« liiiipir with
|l««> i.riful*. Thiu we liurn foiiinl Jo«rpt\m niiy-
IBR. a mail of mi< i< "< finM". ami i»ol very i'"'K
aflrrlh.' nim-ll'". *"■• ^ , „ , ,. ,
AhnutA. U. IWlKi- Ctilrtnut Vnmptml. Ilf'
„ liMi — Joii*)ihu< iloea iudi'il wrilr i-oiH'dniiiiK
John tli« ll«p«l«( •« followi! ••Soma «f thf Jrw«
Ittounht llml llm tluHrm limi «>f H« ro<l'» nniiy
canir from <io.l, mil Ihul h« w«h |iiiim«Ii<i>I *■ 7
iuallr fnrwliiil ttBiiWliiMnl hr inllii.H'il oil John,
that wa. call. il (hr B«iHi.f, for llcn-l •t«l» him*
who wn« a (t<">il' Fiian, ami I'oimiiumlfil Uw J«i(p
to r»eri'i«i lirliir, hoih liy righti'.oiniicrt liiwani*
gni' anollwriiml pi^fJ lowftrti* (i'lil. and »•> to
rpmii 10 l>apti«iii." I'"' «« ronnTniiiil Thrnl
the minir JoHphn* •«>*, that hIiouI llint tliii
tlicrc wu« iiwt, a niar iimn, if i( li« liiwfnl t.
call hiin H imin. ("T hi- win a tlorr of woiitUrlut
work*, mill 11 (•■aciipr of micli niiii ai r*«t-if •• thr
truth with |ilni«»f<'; l"r thutClnirt drew ovir
many rvin Inmi th« ticntiln; wlmni whtu I 1.
late had friiii1i.il, tho«i who at firU li««l loved
lliiu did notl»iivii olVtonroacli loilri rniiiR hiin,
for he Bn|»«r*d to th< 111 llm thirl iliiv aliVf HUain.
M the divine proplittH liud ti-»lifit'l, and •|M»k«
thr«< and othir woiid«rfiil tliinjirn 1 oiiitriiiiin hjin.
^koul Jl. H. Ui90. Thtnphilittt. in Joan. lib.
(i',1 ^I'he i:lly of the irw* win laki-n, and the
wrath of Uod wn« kindled a)(iiiniit Ihcni; a* nlmi
Joicpliu* wiln»«te». ihaf thi* canio. upon thiin
on arronnlof tho death of Jf no*.
About Jl. I). UZa. Xonorai JInnal. torn. 1. p.
SB7.-^»<rnliu<, in the siKlitcunlli Imok of Anti-
3uitipii,writ«»lhu»ctyiii'<'n>in|;our Lbfd and (1ml
etuaClirial: " NoW'-thtre wa» about Ihia time,
Jeiui, ■ wiw man, it' it be lawful to cull him a
man, for h« wa« a iloer of wnnderful works, a
t«»cher of nuch nini ai receive the truth with
plenture. He <lrew dver to hini many of the
J«iv> and many of the (VcHlileii: lie wai the
Chriit. And wheu IMate, at the lURKe.lion of
the principal men ttmong u«, tmd eondemneif hini
to tlie crow, tho«e thaUhad I .ved him at fir»t did
not formke liim, for fie np^ared to them the
third day alive aKnin, M the divine prophets had
i |,l ihfe and ten thoumnd oltier vvonderful
Lord 1 ami l« lama he boJf^wllntM thai (^titM,
\n IH* (oiinner, wi» a wi/ man. awl Iha dnar oj
([r»a» iiii».iilr«i ami Iha/ wh<n hii wa« •rui ilUtI
1* aiiiii iimd Dm third liii . "
4» ^'■"
thing" concerninK hini; and thetrilieof l,lirntiaiu,
to named from hiin, arc not extimt lit tlii* day."
J!l6ou( A. 1). li-20. aiyeat Jlnnal. \}. 234.—
Thea did I'hito, th«t wiie man, and Junephua
touriih. Thi» last waaityird. The lovtr if truth,
bactoM h« cominenUed .lohp who bapti<eil our
AVnUt .1. It, IHO.'<J»yV<<(«« t {Itrhttntil
r»n»». l>. .Wl. «. »'•»■• WiiA** J.i«ephiijrtlal»ii
llMt a v«ry nr»at war ariiiM» li»t»».ii Arrl««, kinf
•rthii Arntii»mi,«"d ll»nirf,i>«* ml ol Ihalla
Vllli'h ll» "id had 4->iiMi»IHed iinmn.l John W<<r«»
over, tli» •wiiif Jv»ii»phU« wrili|iiliiu« i'o)irerni«(f
Cliruli "'I'htre waa at thu H^ie Ji'.n*, a wi««
man, ll'al lra<l it he lawful to ull hinia iiiau.jur h«
w«* n dorr ol wimlerliil wo(W * *"*' '"''' W"*'"
man aa willmul) h»ar truth, "te al»o driWJivaf
to him man) of Ihr Jiwt, ami many i ;i ijy iien-
tilvii He MiK ( hri'l Andwhdi I'ljMKt't ill*
ai'euaaliun Ilf the prim liiiil iiirn ■■( unrWiiAn, halt
dfOBfti Ihut ha ■honlil he i'mcllted. Ihiiw that
hS^vcd him from the hvKioMitlff did no! forwka
him, for he iippmn-d to them Ihr Ihlfil day tXtl*
aantn, a4u«».ln»u lu »M llie ^jvmtly MKp'fd .
prnphil< had fonlidd, tlml lli<«e and t«nniii«ra.-
Ide othir iillriii'lf" nhoiil'l loiiir lo paM alHml
lliiii. Mofeovtr, liiilh the mime ami aaet of
ChriatiaiHi who wrr« namett from hini, ronlinua
in litInK unio thi» duy " .,, .
yJ/>ou/.'l./>. l:WII .mtifhuru* t:n(UilHttti$l.
F.rclri. nil. i p. IW, »l.— .Now thi«(tonrertiing
llerod the tetranh) i» attrMed to, natonly by lh«
hook of »h« h(dy (io«p«-H» •»»' •»» J»»«|ihu«. (hM
lover of truth I who al«o majie* nienliiin of lla-
r»dia« lii> brother* w«ile( wholn Herod liiid lukeij
away Irinu him, whiti'^he win alive, mid inaviad
her. haviiiK divorred Ida loriuer Inwiiil wile, V»ho
wUIhe daiiKhler of Arelin, kinir of the 1'etreaa
Ar»^'illn»• I'lW 111 rodia« lie had niarried, and
lived with her; on wlmh iin-ount nl«o, when he
had "lain John, he iiiiida war with Areta*, her
(iiune hi« daughter had been ili«hononilily H»«di
iir ttki-'' wiir he nliite*. Ihut nil llerfxl'* army
wii*VHllli''''' *'"' ''"" '"' '"■""'*''' "*^* "" *'^'
v^m^Sm- mo<t unju>t •laUKlitrr of John. Ha
uUiiwjiB^thar John wu« a nio4i riehteou* man.
MoreovTr, h» 'innken nieiilion of liin hapliim,
uEreeinK in all point* thirilo reliillMjf with the
Oo«iWI. Ho al»o infomn ua, ihjil. Il< rod loit hia
■ iiigdom on aeeounl of Her.MllKn, with whom ateo
'ilC waa condemned to lie lmni«hed lo Vienna,
whifli wan theV jiliiee of exile, artd a city bor>
dirinjt uihin (iniil, iiiid lyiiiR neiir the iiliiioil
lioiiniU of the we«t. . . , ,.
Ahant A. I), It'll). • WnrilntanMf Schnlilnu
Chrim. p. tut).— Jonephun, the JitV, who wat rail-
ed HaviiM, a priest, and the 'on nf Mnlliithiiiii, a
prieat of thill iintioK, a mod ci li hrali d hiilorian,
in I very akilful Tn many thin^»; he wai eertainty
II Rood man. and of an enelli'nl character, who
had the hixheat opinion of (.'hri«t.
Atiouljf. />. Hmt. PtaUnitIt Ki7i» /'onfi/Sriim
in Chritlu.—\ ahall avoid inenlionin(j;what(-'hri»t
did until the .Wlb year of hi* iiRe, when he vyat
baptiai'd liy John, the noil of 'jjiiihariii*, herauta
not only tli« (jiwiiela and Kpistleaare full of thoae
acta of hia, which he did in a moat excellent and
Hio"t liJly manner, bjit the hooka of aucha* were
quite Aniutc from his way of living, and nciia^,
Knd ordainin);, are alfo full of the laiiie. Havi-
ua Joaiphu* liini»elfi who wrote twenty liooka
of the Jewi«h Antiipiltiea in the Creek tonnue>
when he had procet iled «a far a> the Kovernnient
of the em|ieror TihlriM, aaya, " there waa in
thoae dava,Je«in, a certain wiaeman, ifat leaal
it be lawful to call him a man, for he waa n doer
of wouderCiit ivorka. and a teacher of men. of
audi eapeciallv aa willinRly hear the truth, Oo
tliia ncflount ho drew over to him many both or
the Jewa and Gentile*: Ho waa Chri't. But
»
i\
when Filate, llWligilted bv t t ie piiuc i pat me .. —
our nation, hud decreed that he should tie cruci-
fied, \< t did not thoae who had loved him from
the beRlnninff foraake him: and lieaiden. he «p-
iieareil to iImio the thinl day after hia death,
•live, at (he divinely laspired prophet! had fur»-
3C2
614
DISSERTATION I.
- i^
told tb<t theia and Innnmcnblc other miracle*
■hpuld conie to psM about him. And the faii)om
He ofChriitiani, taken from hihii ai well a«
IHZh>4C£t, do ttill contiua in being.
UhaiaillrJaiSPhui uU» aflirnii, that John the
Baptiit, a tru« prophet, and on that account one
that waa fad iiteiteein by all nienr wai (lain by
Harod,' the ton of Herod the llreat, a little be-
fore the death of Chriit, in the caitic of Mache-
■"rai; not becauw he was afraid for himae.lf and
hit kingdom, ai the nine author lavi, but be-
isauae he hnd inceituOuily married llerodiai the
titter of Arrippa, and the wife of that excellent
penon hit brother Philip.
About A. D. 1480. Tnthumitu Abbaid*Senp-
lOTi £?cc{<«.— Jotephut the Jew, although he con-
tinued to be a Jew, did frequently coiiimend the
Chrittiani; and in the elghteentn book of Anti--
quitiet, wrote down an eminent tettiuiony con-
cerning our Lord jetui Chriit.
t)btervalion$ from Atfortgoing EviJenet and
, CUation$.
1. T|IE ityle of all theie original Icstimoniet
belonging to Joiepbudjia exactly the «tyle of the
taiue Josephut, and tipccially the style about
thoie parta of hit Antiquitiet wherein we find
theie teilimoniea. Tliia it denied bv nobody at
to the other, concerning John the linptiat and
James the Juat, and is now become equally un-
deni^e at to that concerning ChVist.
II. Thete tettimoniea therefore being confea-
ledly and undeniably written byJuscpnua him-
telf, it it next to ipipoaaible that be ahould wholly
omil tome teatimopy concerning. Jcsua Chriit;
nay,.wbile hia teatimoniea of John tlic Baptiat,
and Jamet the Aat, are ao honorable, and giv«
them to great charactert, it . it ^alio impbaiible
that thit teiUmony concerning Chriit ahould be
other than very honorable, or auch aa afforded
him a ttill greater character alio. Could the
Very tame author, who 'gave yuch a full and ad-
vantageout character of John the Baptiit, the
forerunner of Jetut of Nazareth, all whoie dit-
ciplei were by him directed to Jeiua of Naiareth,
at to the true Meiiiaa, and all whose diaciplea
be^^ime afterwardi the diiciplct^bf Jeiua of Na-
- lareth, lay nothing •horioraole of that. Jetus of
Naxareth himtein And thii in a history of those
very timet inj||iich he was born, and lived, and
died, and thafwhile the writer lived but a little
after him, in the tame country in which hp wat
bora, and lived, and died. This ii almost incre-
dible. And further, could the very tame author,
wUb gave luch an advantageous character of
,hin«a the Just, and thia under the very appella-
tion of Jamti the brother ofjetui, who wat ialled
Chritl, which Jamea wat one of the principal
dkiciplet or apoitlea of this Jesua Christ, and had
been many yean the only Christian bishop of the
believing Jews of Judea and Jerusalem, in the
very daya, and in the very country of this wri-
ter ; could he, I lay, wholly omit any, nay, a very
honorable account of Jeaoa Christ himaelf,
• ivhoie diaciple and biahop thit Jamet inott cer-
taihly watt Thit'^it alto almoit incredible. Hear
what Ittigiut, one of the witett and mott learned
of all those who have lately inclined to give up
the tettimony concerning Chriit, at it ' standi in
our copiet, for spurious, says -upon this occaiion :
•• If anyone object to roe, that Josepbui hath not
omittedJohn the Baptiit, the forerunner of Qhrtst,
nor Jamettheditciple of Chriit, and thaf therefore
~ he could not have done the^grt of a {^od. histo-
rian, if he had been entirely lilent codceming
,. Chriit, I ihall freely grant that Joaephut was not
' entiiielytilent concerning Chriit; nay I ib'all fur-
thet^^tfant, that when Jotephui wat tp^aking of
Chr»t. he did not abttain from hii commenda-
by the apoitlel Tn the name of Chriit imprinted
a lacred horror."
, Hi. The fniuout clauie In thit testimony of
Jotephui concerning Chriit, 3^i« tsai CArt«(, or
the Chritl, did not iiiiaA tliat this JrsUt was the
Christ of (iod, or the true Messiah of the Jew*,
but that this Jesua wita distinguished from all
others of that name, of which there were not a
few, aa mentioned 1>y Joscphua hinitcif, by the
addition of the other nupiu uf Christ; or that thit
Eerion.wat no other than he whom all the world
new by the naauo of Jesus Christ, and hit fol-
lowers by the name of Cliriilinns. This I eiteem
to be a clear caie, and that from the argument!
following:
(1.) The Grerki and Romani, for whose uo
Josephus wrote hit Antiquities, could no other-
wise understand these words. The Jews indeed,
and afterward the Christians, who knew that a
Sreat Messiah, a person that was to be Chriit
le Anointed of God, and that wat to pcrfonu
the office uf a King, a Priest, and a Prophet, to
God's people, might readily to undcntatnd thit
expression; but Josephus, as 1 have already no-
ted, wrote here, not to Jewi or Christiani, but to
Greekt and Rouiuns, who knew notliing of thit,
but knew very well tliat an eminent person living
in Judea, wnose name wai Jesui Chreit, or J^t
sul Christ, had founded ii new and numeroua
sect, which look the latter of those names, and
were every wljere from him called Chrestians,
or Christifins; in which sense alone could they
understand these words of Josephus, and in which
sense I believe he desired they should understand
them; nor do^t Josephus ever use the Hebrew
term Meisiah in any of his writings, nor the Greek
term Christ in any such acceptation elsewhere.
(2.) Josephus liimself as good at explaini hii
own ineaning, and that by the last clause of thit
very passage, where h*^ tayi, the Chrittiant
were named from this Christ, without a syllable
as though he really meant he was the true Mei-
siah, or Christ of God. He farther aeemi to me
to explain this hit meaning in that other place,
where alone he elsewhere mentiont thia name of .
Chriit, that ii, when upon occaiion of the men-
tion of Jamel, when he was condemned by Ana-
nus, he calls him the brother of Jesus, not, that
was the true Messiah, or the true Chriit, but
only that wat called Chriit.
(3.) It wat quite beside the purpose of Joie- •
phut to declare himielf here to be a Chriitian:
or a believer in Jc^us as the true Messiah. Had
he intended to to do, he would surely have ex-
plained the meaning of the word Christ to hit
G^eek and Roman readers; he would turel^r
have been a great deal fuller and larger in Alt -
accounti of Christ and of the Chriitian religion;
Qor would such a declaration at that time pave
recommended him', or his nation, or his writingt,
to either the Greeksor the Romans; of his repu-
tation with both which people, he is known to
have . been, in the writing of these Antiquitiet.
verj' greatly solicitous.
(4.) Josephut'a usual way of writing it hittori-
cal and declarative of facts, and of the opinion*
of 6thers, and but rarely such at directly inform*
ui of hit own opinion, uillesi we prudently gather
it from what he tayi hiitorically, or at the opi-
nions of others. Thit it very observable in the
writings <of Josephus, and in particular' ai to
what he says of John the Baptist, aAd of Jame*
>the Just; so that this interpretation is mott pro-
bable, at moit agreeable to J(^aephua'i way of
writing in parallel cales.
(5.) Thit teem* to be the univertal tenieof all
the ancientt without exception, who cite thia tet-
timony from him; and though they almott every
where own- thit to be the true reading, yet d o
they every where tuppoae Joaephui to be ttill
an unbelieving Jew, and not a Relieving Chrii-
tian: nay, Jerome appears ao well aaaured of
thit interpretation, and that' Jotephui did not
tion ; for we are not to determine from that in-
Veterete hatred which the modern Jewt bear to
Chriit, what wat Jthe behaviour «f thote Jewt,
uponwhom the mlraclet that were daily wrought
. : ■■■%
■--
■»
' jf-
w-
f«-
T
^
i
V.
DISSERTATION I.
Alft
Tlffl-
DMia to idcclare any more by thete worili thtn a
eoniinun opinion, thai, acconling to hit liiual
way of interpreting author*, not to the wAnli,
but to the iiehie, (of which we have, I think, two
more inatancei in hii accuunla out of Joaenhut,
now before u(,) he render* Ihiacluute crtdihatur
»$st CkrUtut, I. e. He tia$beUivtd to he C'kritl.
Mor ii thii parallel ennreuion of i'ilate to be
Olherwiii uuilcnttood wlien he inndr that inacrip-
tion on the rroait, TkuitJetut.iheKingoflht
Jtvt,(a) which is iVi'll explHiucd l>y hinisi'lfelac-
where,aoil corresnonda tu the import of the pre-
lentclnuie, tyhal ttiall t dif^viim Jetui, tono if
ealted Christ? {b) Anil^ may full m well prove
from I'ilate'a inacrlption iipon the croaa that he
hereby declared hiniaelf a believer in Chriat, for
the real King of the Jewi, at we caii from tbeae
worUa of Joaephua, that he thereby declared him-
lelf to be B real believer in biui, as the true Mev
•iah, ,
'IV, Though Joaephui did not design here to
declare hiniaelf openly to be a Christian, yet
could ho not poaaibly believe all that he here as-
serts cniiccruing Jesus Christ, uuless he were so
far a Christian as the Jewish Nazarene* or Kbio-
nitea then were, who believed Jraus of Nazareth
to be the true Messiah, without believing he was
more than a man; who also believed the neces-
■ sity of the observation Of the cerenionial-iaw of
Moaea in order to Salvation for all nmukincL
which were the two main articles of those Jtvi-
ish Chriatians' faith, though in 6|)|)oaition to all
the thirteen iipcratles of Jeaus Christ in the first
century, and in opposition to the whole Catholic
Qhurch^of Christ in the following cciiturica also,
ilcrurdingly, 1 have elsewhere proved, that Jo-
icplius was no other in Ifis own miiiil' and con-
science than a Muiirene or lybionite'Jewish
Christian; and have observed that this entire,
tasliinoiiyi and all that Josephua says of John the
Baptist, and of James, as well as bis absolute s^
lence about all the rest of the apostles and their
Companions, exactly agrees to liiiu un^ler that
character, and no other. And indeetUo nie it is
, liiost a^^tonishin^, that all our learneinticn, who
have of late considered these testimonies of Jo-
sephus, except the converted Jew Uatatinus,
should miss such an obvious aAd natural obser-
vation. We all know this from St. James's o.wp
'^words,(c) that so many ten thoutanJs of the Jem at
believed in Chriit, in the first century, wer< aU
\ealou$ of the ceremonial taw, or were no other
than Naiarene or Ebionite Christians; and, by
consequeuce, if there were any reason to thinic
bur Josephus to be in any senai^a believer, or a
Clirrsttan, as from all these testimonies there
' were very great ones, all those, and many other
reaapns, coiild not but conapij;| to assure us be
wna liu other than a Mazareiiu or Kbionitc,Chris-
tian: and this 1 take to be tlie plain and evident
key of this whole matter.
,V. Since therefore Josephus apix^ars to have
be]pn, in bis own heart and coiiscirnce, no .«ther
thtiu a Nazarene or Kbio'nite Christian, aiul, by
consequence, witli them rejected all uur urcek
gospels and Ci reck, books of the New Testament,
and received only the Hebreiv gospel of the JVa-
larenes or EbiunitAs, styled by them, 3'Ae CoM-
pel9CCording to the Hebreiei; or accordiru^ to the
twelve amines, or even according to Matthevi^ we
ought always to have that Nniareiie or Ebionite
gospel, with the other Nazarene or Ebionite frag-
^-ments in view, when we consider anv pasaajg^ea
of Josephus.relating to Cliritt or tu CFiristiauity.
Thus, since that go«pel<omitU:d all that is in the
.beginning of our Sst. Matthew and St. Luke's
Sospels; and began with the iijijnistrr of John the
laptist; in which first part* of the' gospel histo-
ry are the accounts of the slaughter of tli« infanta,
and of the ennilnient or taxation under Auguitua
■ ml Hi 111,7 1 ■Hlfliillillfc 1,1 — IWilfHiV,! MII\,V1 tlUfeMWliag
Ce^sorand Ih^rud, it is no great wonder that Josc-
MMatth. zivii.ST., (t) Matth. xzvU, 17, W
(cXAelizzl.iW.
phus has not taken titt particularly and
t'o preserve those histories to us. lliuiAHn wau
find that J6trphus calls James the brother of
Chriat, by the name of James the Just, and d«<
scribes him as a moat just and righteous man, in
an eaperial manner, we are to miiember that
such IS his name and character in the gospel M-
conling to^ritte llcbrewt, and the other Ebionil*
caniaips of^egesippus, but nowhere else that I
remember, in flie earliest aiiliquily: nor are mm
to suppose they heniii referred Id nny other tbOl
that righteuusneaa which was by the Jewish law,
wherein St. Faul, (d) before lie embraoed Chris-
tianity. professcdlnmaelf to have bceii^>lariieless.
Thus when Joaeiihua, with other Jem, ^acribcd
the mlaeries of tiiut nuliiin uhder Veaniiaian and
Titus, with the deijtruction of Jeruaalem, to the
barbarous munler of James the Just, We must
rcmem.ber what we learn from thS Ebionite frag-
ro«:nla of Hegesippua, tl\i|t these Ebionitcs inter-
preted a prophecy of ITsaiah, as for^tellini^ this
veA murder, and those conaeuuent miseries : Let
fUtaJltauiay the just one,for at it unprn/ilablt M >
lie thire/bre thaU they eat the fruit of their qwit
%eayl.{e) Thus Vhen Jojieplius says, as w^ hair*
seen, that the must eijuiiable citizens of Jcrusa*
leni, and those that were iiibst zealous of the
lijw, wefo very uneasy at the condemnation of
fiiil James, an<^ some of' his friends or fellow
Chriatians,. by the high priest and sanhedrim,
about ^ I). b^,'iiiid declares that he himself was
o'lie of those Jews ivho thought llie' terrible mi-
series of that nation eflects of the vengeance of
God 4>r their Hiurder of this James, about A. D.
(>8v we may. easily see these opinions cOuldrsnly
be the Ofinionii^ of ronver|e(t Jews or Ebionitcs.
The high priest ami sanhedrim, who always
persecute^ U|c Christians, and now condemned ,
these Christians, and tiiu boily of these unbe-
licvini^ Jews, who are auppoaed to suA'er fur mur-
dering lhi% -James, the he^il of the Nazarene Sr
Ebibnife ChrMiaus in Judoa<' Conid tibl,.to be
sure, be:<(f that opidion; uoz could Josephus him-
self be of the same opiition, as he declares be
was, without the strongest inclinations to the
Christian religion. Or without being secretly »
Christian Jew, i. «. a Nazarene or* EI)ionite;
ivhich thing is,'by the way, a very great additron-
al arguiiieot that such he was and no otherf Thus,
lastly, when Josephus is cited in Suidas as uinrm-
iiig that Jesus othciated with the high priists in
the temple, this account is by no means disagree- "
able to tiie pretensions of the i^bionites. Hcgeaip- ;
pus affirms the very same of Jumt'S the Just also. >
VI. la tlie first citation of the famous testimo-
ny concerning our Saviour, froii/Tacitus, aliimst
all that was true of the Jews is directly taken
by him butof Josephus, as will be demonstrated -
under the third Dissertation hereafter.
VII. 'The second author I have atl^otl for it is
Justin Martyr, one so nearly coeval l^ith Jpse-
fthus, that he might be born about th^ tilii^ that
I'e wrote his Antiquities, ap|)culs to the same An-
tiquities \)f that very namc{ and though be does !
not here directly quote the^n, yet. does KV seem
to me to allude to thjs very testimony in theni
concerniM; our Saviour, Wien he afliepit in this-
place to 'irypho th^ Jew, that hit nmion origi'
nal/y kneit that Jeiut teas ritenfrom the dead,nnd'
tttcendedinto heaven, as the prufhett diilfortteH
was to happen. Since there neither now 1», nor
probably in the days of Justin was, any other JeWr ~
ish testimony extant, which is so agaceabhi ^o *
what Justin here affinns of those Jewa, as Is this
o/ Josephus the Jew before us; nor indeed does he
seem to me to have had any thing else parti Jularly
in his view here, but this very testimony, where
Josephus says, " That Jesus appeared to' his fol-
lowers alive the third day alter bis CTOcifixion,u
the divine prophets had foretold these, and te«
thousand otherwondcrful things concerning hii
(4) PhUipp. Ui. 4-0 («) It Uit 10.
DI^RERTfATION*!.,
oie
VIII. The iVml author I litiTe quoted for Jo-
MphuV* letlimnjiiiei of John the Bantint. ofJe-
wf o" N««»r«th. ai»l of Jn.uc. the )i|.l I. Or.-
ten, who it inilewl ttllpw*(l pp «H h»n.l..to lm»e
Suotc<f him for the excrlUut ?h»ra.:t«ri of John
3k llaptitt, »u.l of Jan«» the Jii.t, hut.who.e
,upit..'cl «iilirf lilence about thi.,t*«tii.i4»» "-onj
«nii..g Chri.t i.u.uBlly .ll^Ked m the/.riV'P"'
uflv a. io the claiiie. Mm mas Ihe Ct^tl; and
that, «• wc have .eert. becauie he twice "MUrej
il that in hi. opinion. Joscphun did not hinweU
ickm.wledpe Je»u, for the Chri.t. NVw a» to
thi> Jatter clau.e, I have ulready nhown, thSjt Jo-
wphu. did not here, in writing to Greekfand
Rbnmni. mean any .uch thing by tliO.e won » ai
Mvit uud ChriHiiins naturally underitooU ny
them: I have aUo oWrved, that all the ancitDtJ
rtldw ulill. with Origen. that Jo«phu» did not, in
the Jewish and Christian len.e, acknowledge
Jeius for the true Messiah, or tlie true Christ ot
CSd; notwithstiinding their expr««« quotatiou ol
that clause in Josephu.as genuine, so »•;»» V"-
less we siippoKC Origen to have bad a ^jffertmt
notionofthne wor«l» from all the otiier ancieMs.
we cannot conclude from thiiiMM-e'Vl P' "'V
nn% that he had "ot these wUrds in his cop«v
not to say that it i». after all, much more likel,
that his copy a little diffc red from the other co
pies in this clause, or indeed omitted it entirely,
than that he, on its account, must he supposed
not to have had the rest of this tei-timony therein,^ .
thoueh indeed I see no necessity of niukiiig nnv
such suimosul at all. However, it _seen.« to ilie
that OrigW affords us four severul indications
that the mairt parts at least of this testimony it-
■elf were in his copy- . , . .■
(l) W hen OriKOi introduces Joscphuss testi-
mony concerning Jame».llie Just, thiit he thought
.the inisiries t>( the Jews were an instance of
thetllvine vengeance on that nation for putting
James to death instead of Jesus he uses an ex-
catholic Christian!, who thought him ■ God, .
wouhl say any thiiip like his being « Ood.
(4.) How eaiiie Origen to affirm twice, to cx«
prissly. thitt JoSeiihusNiid not himself oWft, in
the Jewish and Cliri.lian sense, that Jesiis was
Christ, notwithstanding his (juotation of such
eminent testmionies out of him for John the
llapiist, his forerunner, and for James the Just,
his brulhtr, and one of his princi|)al disciiilesT
There is no passage ill all josephus so likely to
persuade Origen of this as is the famous testi-
inonv before us, wherein, as he and all the an-
cients undemlood it, he was gen.mlly culled
Christ indeed, but not any otherwise than as th«
coimiion name whence the sect of Christialir
was derived, and where he all along speakj or
those Christians as a sect, then in being, whose
lliosc i.nrisiians as n »rii.iiit;ii ■■■"»•.■"«■ "^
author was a wonderful perso1i,nrid hi) followert
great lovers of him and of the"' ruth, yet aj such
a sect as he had not joined himself to. W hicli
ewmsition, as it is a very natural one, so »»»«".
I doubt, but too true of our Josephus ilfc ttiat
lime: nor can I fleVise any other fdason bu\lhis,
and the parallel Ian-mage of Josephus elsewhere,
when he speaks of James as the brother, ni)t.ot
Jesus who was Christ, but qf Jesus who waj c*ll-
cd»Chrisl, that could so naturally induce Origen
and others to be of that opinion.
IX. There are two remarkable passages in
SuidMjindThcophylacI, already set dc.Hfii, »«
"lephiis; the former, that Jesus oBiciatea
Lpriesis of the temple; and the latter,
thal^iprdcstriiclion of Jerusalem and miseries
ofVheJews, were owing to their putting Jesus
to death, which are in none of our present copies,
nor cited thence bv any ancienter authors, nor
indc-ii dq thev seem altogether rnn»i8tcnt with
the other more' authentic testimonies. However,
since Suidas cites his passage from a treatise ot
JoseplMis's, called Memoirs of the Jews' captivi-
ty, a book never heard of elsewhere, and since
both citations arc not at all disngrecnblc to Jo-
sephus's character as a Naiarene or Kbionitc. I
!=^F^=Zs|OSiS
oure-noi pusmvji^ v.uiii.,.,.,. '/• -u i- .
|h^Tad7la7n «;irCAW«r,«WchV,/oreMWl»^ Qus, b\t must le^
ftft«<«. Whencecould this expression c^ tl.er Xt«;;'„';-e"?c^t c"ho ius, in the ninth
ly oi Joae|fiiuB ,.«Hv.........r, -•--
UIHAi -But from his renicmhraiice of a clause in
the testimony of the same Josephus concerning
Christ himself, that Ihe prophets had foretold htt
death and resurrection, ami ten thousand other
vonderful things ctmeerning him. .
(2.) llow came Origen to be so surnrwed at
jQsephas's ascribing the destruction of Jerusa-
lem Vo the Jew*' murdering of Jijmes the Just,
and not to their murdering Jesus, as we hare
seen he was, if he had not known that Josephus
had sijoken of Jesus and his death ^before, and
that hfc had ia very good opinion of Jesus, which
yet he could learn no way so niuthehtically at
from this testimony'? Nor Jo the words he here
uses, that Josephus was not remote from tlie truth,
perhaps allude to any thing else but to this very
testimony before us. „ . - ..
(3.) llow cani<the same Orifjen, upon another
slight occasion, when he had jifft set down that
tcstimbnv of Josephus concerning Jau" s^the Just,
.he Urotlier of Jesus, who was called Christ, to
tav that " it may be cpiestioned whether the
Jews thought Jesus to be a man, or whether they
did not suppose him to be a being of a diviner
kind?" This looks so very like the fifth and
ti»th clauses of this teslimonv in Josephus, that
Jesus uas a wise man, if it be lav'fM to call htm a
man, that it is highly probable Origen thereby
alluded tothefli: and this is the more to be Uc-
ptnded on. becau se all the unbelieving Jews, a nd
pfnneo on, iigcMuevuM ""^ ^.........-...-f, -^ ■
mil the rest of the Naiarene Jews, cstdpnied Je
testimony in his copy of Josephus, or else to
have esteemed it spurious, because, in his ex-
tracts out of' Josephus's Antiquities, it i« not ex-
prei-dv mentioned; this is a strange thing in-
deed '.that a section which had been cited out ol
Josephus's copies nl| along before the<,days ol
I'hotius. as well as it has all along been cited out
of them since his days, should be sup|>osed not
to be in his copy, because he does not directly
mention it in certain short and 'imperfect ex-
tracts, noway imrticularly relating to such mat-
ters. Those who lay a stress on this silence ot
Photius, SI em little to have attended to the na-
ture and brevity of those extracts. , They con-
tain little or nothing, as he in eflect professes at
their entrance, but what concerns Antipatcr.
Herod the Great, and his brethren and laniily,
with their exploits, till the days of Agrippa, jun-
ior, and Cumanns, the governor of Judea, nttcen
years after the. death of our Saviour, without
one word of I'ilate, or what happened under hit
government, which yet was the only proper place
in which this testimony could come to be men-
tioned. However, since Photius seems, there-
fore, as we have teen, to suspect the treatise
ascribed by some to Josephus, ol the Universe,
because it speaks very high things A the eternal
generation Bn<l divinity ol Christ, this looks very
fike hit knowledge and belief of lomewhat really
in the same Josephus, which tnake in » lower
ihich c ould b e hafaiy a ny other
manner of him, wh.. .. v«..... .-...--— ., t .■, .„^„
passage than this testimony before as. And since
as we have also seen, when he tpi'aks of the Jew-
ish history of Justus of Tiberias, a» infected with
the prejudices of the Jews, in faking no notice
■ • ,..; ^,- , _. \ _ ';j^-_ ...^.. _..,':__.. :-.A.,^ -,:,. , ," *.'
1^
•*<'
tut with one consent as a mere man, the son ol
Joseph and Mary, and it is not,! think? possibU:
to produce any one Jew but Josephus. who, in a
jwrt of cimpliance with the Romans and the
PI88BRTATION.1.
m
•r the *dT«i.t, J> th« MU, and of the niiracletof
Jaiui Chriit, while yet he never ;(i*ak» •!> of
Jouphu* hiniteir, thi» naturally inicllici alto, that
there wai not the like occaiion here at lher«,
but that Joiephui had not wholly oniittod that
adf ent, thoie acU, or niiracki, which yet he hat
done every where (Jm, in the booki teen by 1 ho-
tiut, M well at Juttui of Tiberiai, but in tbit fa-
■ niourtettimony before ui; to that it it probable
Fhotiut not only had thit Ijpatiniony in bit cupy.
but believed it to be ginuiil) hUo, ,
XI. Alto the tilmce of Clement of Aletan-
dria, who cites thr Antiquitirt of J<)»eiimi», but
never citoi iiny of the tettimonica now bijfure ut,
it it no itran)|;a thing at all, liince ho n«vi:r citet
Joiephui but once, and that for a point of chro-
nology only, to determine how many yean had
pained from the <ley» of Motet to the days of Jo-
tephua; to that hit tilence may almost a* well
be alleged agiiintt a hundreil other reuiprkable
pattaget in Jotephut'i workt at aguiitit tliete
before ui. . . «■
XII. Nor dtf the like idcnco of Tertullian
imply that theie tettimoniei or aiyr of them,
were not in the copie» of hit afe. Tertulliaa
never once hinit at any of Jotephui't trcatita*
but thot« againtt Apion, and that in general only
for a point of chromilogy : nor doet it any way
appear that Tertullian ever taw any of Joaa-
uhut't writing! betide, and far froiii being cer-
tain that he taw even ihoie. He had |ttrticul*r
occation, in bitditpute againtt the Jewt, to_uoot«
Jot^phui, above any other writer, to prort tha
completion of the prophetiit of the Old Teitai
ment in the drttruOtion of Jerunalem and niit*-
riei of the Jewt at that time, ot which he there-
ditcburaci, yet doet he never once, quote him
upon that tuMra occation; to that it teemt to
me that TertuUian never read either the Greek
ntiuuiliet of Joaephui, or hit tireek bookt of
pKwith Wnra; nor it thit at all strange lu
.^trtullian, a Latin writer thatlii^eil iii Africa, by
none of which African writert it :th»re any on*
clauie, that I know of, cited out of any. of Jote^.
phut'i wrilingt: nor i* it wor»h my while, ia
Mich numbert of potitive citationi of thete clau-
let, to mention the tilettce of other later writers,
at being here of vfry ■u>bII conteqMeace.
DISSERTATION! II.
C«ae«niia# OO^i C»m<—' fMnkam tiefn up l$tc ki> B»pfir a SuriM*.
otii
Since thit command to Abraham (/) hat of
late been greatly miatnken by tome who venture
to reaton about very ancient faclu, from very
modern notiont, and thit without a «loe regard to
either the customs, or opinions, or circuiuttancet
of the times whereto these facts belong, pr indeed
to the true reasons of the facti themsejvet; tince
the mistakes about those cuitomi, opinionti cir-
cumtUnect, and reasons, have of late to far pre-
vailed, that the very same action of Abraham t,
which wat so celebrated by St. Paul, (r) St.
Jamet, (h) the author to the HebrcwM,(t) Philo.^fc)
and Josephus, (J) in the first century, and by in-
numerablo otheri since, at an unconinion in-
stance of tignal virtue, of heroic faith in God,
aqd piety towardi him; nay, it in the tacred (m)
history highly commendccf by the divine^ AngeJ
of the Covenant, in the name of God himself,
and promised to be plentifully rewarded; since
thit command, I say, is now at last in the eigh-
teenth Century, become a stone of stumbling; and
a rock of offence among us, and that tomelimet
to perils of otherwise good sense, and of a re-
ligio Joitposition of mind alto, I shall endeavor
to set this matter in iU true, i. e. in its ancient
and original light, for the satisfaction"of the in-
quisitive. In order when to we arc to consider,
1. That till this very profane «ee, it has been,
I think, universally allowed by alfsober persons,
t*ho owned themselves the creature* of God, that
the Creator has a just right over aH hit rational
creatures, to protract their lives to what length
he pleases; to cut them «K when and by what
instrument he pleases; to afflict thtin with what
sicknesses he pleases; afld to reiupve them from
one state or place in this his greiit palnre of,the
Universe to another, as ho pleases; and that all
those rational creatures are bound in duty and
interest to acquiesce under the divine disposal,
and to resign themselves up to the good jirovi-
denceof God in oil such his dispensations towardi
them. I do not mean to intiimitc, that God may,
or ever does act in these cases after a mere arbi-
trary manner, or witliout sufficient reason, be-
lieving, according to the whole tenor of natural
and revealed religion, that he hateth nothing. that
he hath made; (n) that whatsoever he dOes^ how
iuelancholy soever it may appear at first sight to
OS, it really, intended (or the good of his crea-
tures, and, at the lipsliot of thiiigi, will fully ap-
*!«»jtxU. (r) mm. Iy..l»ry-
pear so to be; but that still he is nut obliged, nor
does in general give hit creatures an account of
the particular rcatons of tuch bit ditpentation*
toward them immediately, but usually tries and
exercises their faith and patience, ttieir resigna-
tion and obedience, in their present slate of pro-
bation, and reserves those reasons to the last day,
(he <fay of Iht revtlation qf th$ rigkUmujudg-
mtnt of God. (o) '
2. That the entire histories of the Dast agei,
from the dayi of Adam till no«r, dp ibow, thpil
almighty God bat ever exercised hit power over
mankind, and that without giving them an im-
mediate account of the reatoni of such his con-
duct; and that withal the best aind wisest men of
all ages, Heathens as well as Jewi and Chris-
tians, Marcus Antoniui at well as the patriarch
Abraham and St.- Paul, have ever humbly sub-
mitted themselves to this conduct of the divine
providence, and always confessed that they were
\
f
fAlJameiH. 21.99. (0 "^l'- »':,'" n'?' ,.ii
ii)Phil.deOyant.p.3g4. (1) Jos.Antiq.B Lc zilt
ubiiged to the undeserved goodness and mercy
of God for every enjoyment, but could, not de-
mand any of them of his justice, no, not so mueh
as the continuance of th»t life whereto those ert-
joynienls do appertain. When God wat pleased
to sweep the Wicked race of hien away by a
good, the yo««|; innocent infants as well as tha
guilty old sinners; when he was uleased to short-
en the lives of tuen after the flood, and itill down-
ward till the days of David and Solomon; when
he was pleased to A;»troy impure Sodom and Go-
morrah by fire and brimstone from heaven, and
to extiriiatc the main body of the Ainoril«s out of
the land of Canaan, as soon as Ihtiriniquitit* were
fuilAp) and in these instances included the young
innocent infants, together with the old hardened
siiiners; when God was pleased to send an an-
^1, and by him to destroy I85,0W Assyrians, (the
nuinbetjittested to by Berosui the Chaldean, as
^'well as by our own Bibles,) in the days of He^f-
! kiab, most of whom seem to h*e had no other
peculiar guilt upon them than that common to
soldiers in war, of obeying, without reserve, their
kin&5ennacherib, his generals and captains; and
when at the plague ^f Athens, Lonaon, Mar-
seilles, &c. so many thousand righteous men and
women with innocent babes, were swept away
one sudden bye fetal contagion; I, do not re-
member that sober men have complained that
God dealt unjustly with such his creatures, ia ^
(m) Gen. iiU. 1»-18. (») Wild, il. 84.
"75)1
ii.ii.s.
Qeu. X T . w.
■■«.■■■
oii
DISSERTATION ir."
the iccoiH) To!r«, (/) otracconnt of hip obcclicBca -
to. Ih«( conijnniHl, are dcni(iii>tnilioii* thnt Abra-
hiim'i cuiiiinJMion fur what hn <|i(l waa (rnly di-
v:iiu>, anil are %ii entire jitititicalton of his con-
duct in thii liintter. The Wordi of t,he (ir»t voice
from heaven wiH come hereafter to N «et down » '
in a filler place; but tha glprlooi promi*et made
to Abraham'* obedience by the wcond voice,
niuft here be proiliiced Iroin verne 15 — 18; "And
the angel of the l.onl railed iinlu Abraham out
of heaven lh.e necond tinne, and »ai«l, Hy myself
have I twornV aailh the l,ord; 'for because Ihon
hatt done lhi« ihinff, and had liot withheld thy — ^
•on, thine only (uo, from me, that in blcMini; I
will bku thee, andin multiplying I will multiply
tlir ieed as the Mars of heaven, and as the sand
wnkh is upon the sea shore.; and thy see<l shall
posses* the gate of his «neniics: and in thy seed
shall all the nation* of the earth be blrsird, b«-
Kvery one
m
such cases, with the pious i'salmist, ixm. ». •■ i oi wmcn proinrei:. ■■.•o^rjup«...-....j
wa* dumb, I opened not my mouth, because th<iir and, what is t hiellj^rffBiarkable, th<
didst it;" anil With patient Job, i. 21, ii. 10, " ShafR prin^ipalof thciiN^Jift wi-ifcraAam * 81
we receive (rood at the hand of God, and Shalt ^altoht o/*ihi t»th-*haUbe bUmJ,
^hoMi to aiieeminKljrwrert dispensations. Aor
an we certain when anTsnch seemingly severe
dispcmalions are really such, nor do we know
but Shortening the ,liv*s of nnsfl niay sonieliiiies
be the greateU blessing to them, and prevent or
abt a slop to those courses of,grass Wick«dnc«*
iMlich might bring th«ni to a greater misery in
the wurliTlo come: nor is it At for such poor,
weak, aqd ignorant creatures as we nre.iii the pre-
sent stale, to call our almighty, and alt-wise, and
•ll-good Creator and Ben'eftctor, to on account,
upon any such occasion*; Hince we eannot but ac-
knowleilgu that it is He that Aa(A made mi, and.
not wt miTuleen (») that we are niilhinr, and
have nothing pf ourselves, indepemlent of him;
but that all we are, all we'hare, and all we hope for,
il derived from him, from his free and undmcrv-
-«d bounty, which therefore he niav ju»t|y take
from us in what way so^j^er, and whensoever he .
ohuetj, all wise and good men still saving in cause thou hast obeyed my voiw. ,--.;<„ v
•uch cases, with thepious i'salmist, ixiii. 9. "I of which promises havtbesnWienlly fulfilled,
rSEEUaJUAJli..
we receive good at the hand of God, and shall r«««on, oriftf earm-nau oe o.c.nrf, wa« nevei-
not we rerlive evil !. The Lord gave, and the ^omised till this tinie. It had been twice pro-
-...•. - nuiiwl him,chnTp. lii. ver. 3, and XVIII. 18,lhatiil
ituiielf $houU Ihefamilietoftht earth be bleued,
butt that this blessing was to belong to future^
timts, and to be beslowtd by th« raeaiis of one
ofVis late posterity, the Me«itias, that grciit Seed
and Son of Abraham only. Was never revealed
before; but, on such an amazing instance of bis
faith and obedience, as was thislA readiness to
oiler up hid oiily begotten son Isaaci was now
first promise4nn<l ha8"been long Jgo performed,
in the birth of Jesus of Naiareth, the Son of Da-
vid, the Sono/',/l((raAom,(tO:^hicli highly de-
serves pur observation in this f)lace^; nor can we
suppose that any thing else than clear conyirtioD
that this romuiand came from God, could induce
so good a man, and so lender B.falher as Abraham
was, to sacrifice his own beloved son, and lo lose
thereby all the comfort he received from Itlm at
present, and all the expectation he had of a nu-
merous ami happy posterity from him hereafter.
4. That long before the days of Abrahain, tha
demons or heathen go<U hail retjuired and re-
ceived human sacrifices, and particularly that of
the offerer's owJi children, and this both hcfifre
and after the deluge. This practice had been
indeed so long lejft off in KgypI, and the custom
of sacrificing animals there was confined to so
few kinds in the ■'days of Herodotu*, that they
would not believe they had ever offered human
sacrifices at all; for he says, (») "'Phat the fable
as if Hercules was sacrificed to Jupiter in Egypt
was feigned by the Orceks, who were entirely
Uhacnuainted with the nature .of the Egyptutna
and th«ir laws; for how should they sacrifice
men, with whom it is unlawful to sacrifice any
brute beast? (boars, nnd-WK and pure calves,
and ganders,, only excep«ed?\ However, it ia
evident (rom Sanch<miatho. Manetho, Pausanias,
Diodorus'siculiw, I'hIlS, I'lutarch, and Porfhrn,
that such sacrifices were frequent both in PhuiT
nicia and Egypt, and that long before the daj^s
of Abrahain, as Sir John Marsham and Rishop
Cumberland have fully proved} nay, that in
other places, (though not ii) Egypt,) this 'cruel
practice continued long after Abraham, and this
till the very Ihird, if not also the fifth ccntun- of
Christianity, before it was quite nbolisbed.^ Take
the words of the original authors in English, iis
most* (jf them occur in the orijfinals, in Sir John
Marsham's Chronicum, p. 76— 7S, 200— ;104.^
■ " (t«) Chronus offered up his only begotten hja
at a burnt offering, to his father Ouranus, whe^
there was a famine and a pestilence." 1'
"(x) Chronus,' whom the Phreniclans named
^- '• ■ ■' fee /M and who waa after hit
The Lord (Bve, and the
Lonl hath taken.away; blessed be lb« name of
the Lonl." If, therefore, thi« shortening or taking
away the lives of men be an objection against
any divine command'for that purpose, it is lull at
strong against the present system of the world,
-against the conduct of divins providence in
reneral, and aninlit natuapt Hligjioii, which is
Uunde.d on th^justice of tnat providetacc, and is
■6 way peculiar to revealed religiou, orto the fact
'of ABrahanl now before us. JVoris this case
much different from what was soon after the
days (pf Abraham thoroughly settled, after Job
and' hit friends' debatet, by tjie inspiration of
Elihu, aill the detetniinatfon of God himself,
where the divine providence w,as at length tho-
roughly cleared and justified before all the world,
at it will bcijno ouestion, more generally cleared
and jintified at the final jiidgiiienl.
'3. That tilt this profanr.age.it has also, I think,
been uhtlitactally allowed by aft iobe^ men, that
a coramahtl of Uod.when sutticieotly made known
; to be so, i» abundant aulLOrity fpr the taking
■ away tlie life of any person whomsoever. I doubt
both anaient and ftiDderu princes, generals of ar-
mies, and judget, even those of .♦he best reputa-
tion also, have ventured to take 'many men's
' livft away upon much lets authority^ nor in;
deed do the most tceplical of the moderns caje
to deny this authority directly; they rather lake
* ' a method of objecting «t>mcn'lvat more plausiljle,
though it amount to niifth the same; they fiy
that the apparent disagreement of any comiijand
(0 thc'moral attributes ofliod,such as thit bf Iho
V slaughter of an only child seeiiis plainly lo be,
will be a greater evidence that such romniand
does not coniQ from God, than any pretended re-
Velation canTie that it does. But as to this mat-
ter, although divine revelations have now so long
ceased, that we are d'ot well acquainted with the
manner of convtying such revelations with cer-
, tainty to men, and by consequence the apparent
' ditagreeraelit of a command with the moral at-
tributes of God, ought at present generally, if
not. constantly, to deter men from acting upon
such a pretended revelation, yet there was no
such unctrtaiiity in.the days ot the old prophets
of God, or of Abrahara, tfie friend of God, (r)
?Wlio are ever lound to baVe had an entire cer-
• tainty of those their revelations: and what evi-
dently shows they were not deceived, is this,
that the events and, <:on8equeiicet of things after-
wards always corresponded, and secured them of
the truth of such divine revelations. Thus the
first miraculous voice from heaven, (») calling to
Abraham not to titcute this c ou ii naiid. ai»l the
perforiuauce of those eminent promises made by
r«)Pnl.e.:i. (!•) Isaiah xli. 8.
m Gen. xzU. U, IS. (0 Gen. xili- 17. 18.
1^' ■..
I sr ael, [it s hould '
I sr ael, \_n si mu i * * w j i, j ■■■ ' ■ ■" ■ " ■" ■- " ' ." ' ' ■■ -
death consecrated unto the' star Saturn, when he
(ii) Malth.1.1. (p)Ap.Mair8h.Ohron.p.3ra
(10) rhUo. Bib. ex 9nnc.p.78. (i) Phllo. BHi. ex Sanc.p.TT
t^BSklogof
that rauntrj
t<in, whiuii,
(Ihtt^ I'hiliii
gotten son I
grrat dang
W|ir, ttduru
built an alti
"CV)Tb«
dangers by
crificed to i
' pie, whoni
'v, pur[K>Bc. A
^ M full df SIJ
to have bet
" (») In i
every year-
,."(«)'•:►'.'
kings Mctii
Color with
'•(i)M»
.1 ncan men i
and scatter
nowed; an
■eason in tl
•• (c) Th'
mil oi"thc
practice, a
thing bplh
naliuiis^pr
"(d) 'tb
by the Dod
^ Achiics, il
Tlirrhoe, su
aiu| Egypi
^racle licl'i
^hat barba
" BangMiie
I Cvm prif
Sanffuine
' ArgulUa,
— Ile.ff
p (ircc^i
Vour pas
SoinuHi ]
W"l
iilesev*
- stances of
ny, and ct
demons, o
preserved
over then
amends in
or 'suffere
manner, c
men, aniL
^dren, »\Hj
^was, 1 In
who was {
crime tru
5. Tha
under the
dcumed _
^ tfaemtelVI
other he
(nay,- ton
Take the
lie in ord
"(«■)'!
, through!
in any of
— are defile
• . •' (fc) V
or of th<
pivcth an
ly be nul
stone nin
* •
\
\
Porph
DM.
Nonnl
}•) Y''«
\
) Lev.
v..
^-
fliU klaj( of (ha cbantiy, aiitt hail by ■ nvmpli nf
that •.-ouiitry, named Anulinf, mi only Ixifiiltrn
Win, wliiijii, on thai nicouiit, thry cutUit JuhJ,
(thu^ rhobiiriani, to lllit iIhv •uHIIik iin only lio-
Kotd'ii toil by th*t niiinrOI>*'- ",' hii <lr<'iiil ol very
grriit danger* that Iny M|»iii'tli<! country fruiu
Wfir, adorufd hi« «<K> with royal apparil, ano
built ait altar and oflrri'il hini in lacritii^i'.''
" CV) The riiu-niciann, when they wrrr ill gittal
danger* by war, by faiiMne, or by ()i'«tiliny«-, *«•
crificcd to Saturn on<i of tlm deureM ol thtir jiei*-
i ■ pie, whom thiy clioiib bv public ,tullrHif« <'>r that
VpurjKiin. And SaiichoAiulhi>'j( Pho'nicliurhiitory
^li lull df iuch tacrificci. [I'he^ hi^hirlo I take
to havu been before -t^ie Hand."] 1^
•* (>) In VVrabin the Uunmtli nacriticed a child
every ycnr." ■ ' '
" W They relate, that of old the rKtrypliani)
kini;» '"•^ilired •uch ineii a« were of the •nine
. Color with Tyiiho at tho.npulchre of Osiris."
'•(i) Maiieino rclatm, that tiny burnt [rypho-
" I'nltX*!! ed to thy,irlf, that thrtit be ilot tnarad
by f)il^^»y\ii(; llie iiatihna, iiftcr thrit thfy be d«-
.^^r.
li neah
and scatte
■ nowed
■CHion o .
" (c) The barbaroiiK nationa did a long time nd-
mit of the iluughti-r of children, as uf a hol^
practice, and acceptable , to the giijt. And this
thini; bplh private pcriiuna, and kiiiKu, and entire
natioiiii^pracliiie at prop<'r ncaaons.' >
" (ol) The liuiniin siicriliclBii that wi re enjoined
by the Dmloilean oracle, mentioned in I'aunanias'i
^ Achiica, in the triigirul story of Coresu* and (Jnl-
T lirrhoi;, sulliciently intimate tliiil tliiv I'ha'nician
and Kityptiiin priesta had irt bp tlli> ^odunean
^jracle liclore the time of Anionis, who d.ebtruyed
^hat barbarous practice in Kgypt." ;
—t>n»t(id>ilis hmetriatiadiclarffortat:
■ ' Sa»)(tiint fliirnKlit viHlot.el virgineriita,
I CvmprimumWiua;i)nnai,rcj<ifiiiittilort;
Sanifuint uHattiuli T^^itHt,i(>^imagu^.l^tMlium
.«^ile.^'ouMhe sMs this dreailfnl answer liroiiiiht,
p (JrcciHlnTTllU'B the Trojan shores you souRlit,
Vour pnouiKC with n virRiii'ii WiHHt vMs Iwuiibt;
SoiiiUHt yOiiT safi; retwii he IwiiKhl iiffurn,- .
.^UmI (ireriun blood iflft^tUre alone theiiwln,— Cryd.
'fflesevWopdy saSHfcSi, were, for certain, in-
- (tance» of tfc grcatejt degree of impiety, tyran-
ny, and cirrtHty, in the world, that cither wicked
dedious, or'^wicked men, who^eithcr made nor
preserved ui'iiikind, who had'Tlierefore no right
over thcui, no'r were tliev nl>I^Mfl|M>l'o t'"^"'
limends in the next world for whilfl^ thus lost
or 'sulTered*in this, should, after ao mhuiuan a
manner, command the taki'rfg aitay the lives of
men, aiiiL uarticrifarly otthe oll'urcr's own chil-
dren, wHI^ut the coiuiniSi>ion of any crime. This
^was, 1 think, an abomin^tioif derived froni Imu
who was a murderer from the beginning; (/) a
Crime truly and properly diabolij^.
5. That, accordingly. Almighty God himself,
under tlie Jewish dispensation, vehemently con-
dciiinvd the I'ligans, and sometimes the Jews
theuiarlin^st. for this crime: and for this, and
other heinous sin*,' cast the idplatrous nations
(nav.'sometinics the Jeiw too) out of Filestine.
TaKe llic principid textsliereto reliiting, as they
lie in ordc^ in the Old Testauienl.
"(?) Thou shult not let any of thy seed pass
, throughthe fire to Molcch. Defile not yourselves
tn any of these things, for in all these the nations
•re defiled which I cast out before you," &c.
' >'(fi) Whosoever he be of the children of Israel,
or of the strangers that fiyoum''in Israel, that
viveth any of his seed unto nlolech, he shall sure-
^ be nut to death; the people of the land shall
•tone nim with stones.'-' v
•tr»vVir^\Mi bi'fiire thei'*; mid that thou inquira
not urii'it.lh( ir (i^iiiIk, savinjt. Mow did these na-
tioni\iWi-v<' Ihrir gods) even s« will; I <'<' '''■••
wis^'. Thou shalt not do 'o niilo thil l-ord thr
ttod;' for every niboinlnntion of the l.oril, which
he hftelb. have they done niilo their goils, lor
even their sons and their daughters have the*
burnt in the flr«" to their goihi." See Ueut. ill.
SO, 31 ; rhap. xviii, 18 ; 2 Kings xvii. 17.
"(0 And Ahai made his sou tn pass through
the Gr(', 'according to the abnininulions of the
heathen, whom the LonI cast out before the chil-
dren of Israel." -
" (It) Moreover^ Ahai burnt incense in the' val-
ley of the. son of liinnom, and bilrnt his children
[bis son in Josrplfus] In the fire, after the abomi-
nations iii (he heathen, whom the Lord had cast
out before the chililteh. of Israel," ,
" (/) And the Srpharvites liurnt their children
in the 'lire to Adnimnielech and Ai'mmelech, tb«
men idive in the city Iditlivn, [or iVitliya,] in the 'lire to Adnimnielech and An»nielech, t
icattered their ashes like cfialf that is win- gods Of Seph.irvaini," Ac. \.. . .
!d; and this was done nublicll, and at a set" " (m) And Jonah defiled Tonhet, which if
(ttin thedogiluvs." '. the vallev of the children of HiniiAni, that
in
no
man miglit make his son or his daughter to pall
throiigli the fire unto Molech."
"(n) Ve«,*hev siicrilired (heir sons and their
dniigbteri unto ifeiiuins, and shed innocent blood,
the blood of their signs anil of their daiislitem.
Whom they sacrificed unto the idoTs of (Jnnaan,
and the land was polluted with blood." See Isft.
tvii. 5.
" (o) The children of Judah hare djne evil in
my sight, aaith the Ijord; they have set their
aboniinalions.in the house which is called by mv
na'nie to nollute it: and they have built the high
piiices of Tophet, which is in the valley of th»
son of Hinu'om, to l»urn their son* and thiiii
daughters in the fire, .which I commanded thai.
iKit, neither came it into my heart." ,,
"(h) Thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God ol
Israel, Behold } will bring t-vil upon this niace,
the which whoioevnpJicareth.' his eaw shall tin-
gle, b<!cause th^jdflkve forsiiken me, and have'
estranged, this pWm nrid hitve biirnedj incense
unto other gods^*IW>m neither they nOr their
fathers have known, nnr. the kings of Judah, and
have filled thtsphice with the blood of innorenta.
They haiic built nls() the higl^places of li'.ial,.to
burn their sons wiTh~firc for burnt-oll'erinijs unto
Baal, which I coiiiniaiided not, nor sp||(e it, nei-
ther came it into v>y mind." &c. \i£
•• (y) They built tke high pliires of Baal, which
are in twTvalley of the son of Hiniiom, to cause
their sjflKbd their daiij^htcrs to pusj^miigh
th<KfirdHB|rMblech, which I commbfll^Bieni
not,Vneill^r came it into* my ini<}dM||jMBi<^
should do this abomination to bauseJiiilWHsin. '
" (r) Moreover, (hou hast taken thy sllh and
thy (iaughlers,rwhoin thou hast born ujKto me,
and these' hast thou sacrificed unto theitl to bar,
devoured. Is this of thy whoredoms asinnll pnit.
ter, tha^thou hast slain iiiy children, ami deliver
cd them to cause them to pass'through the fire
for thenil" See cjiap. xx. 28; 1 Cor. x. 20. ,
" (»> Thou haUdst the old inhabitants of th|
holy land for doing most odious works of witch-
craft dnd wicked sacrifices; and also those mer-
ciless murderers of children; and ^levourers of
iiiitn's flesh, and the feasts of blood*, with their
priests ou^of the midst of their idolatrous crew,
and the parents that killed with their qwn h'nndi
iouls destitute of hd«|" ^ ' '
; .6. That Alniightj^SBil never permitted.in any
one instiinde, that sncli a human sacrifice should'
?ctiially be oAercd to hiiyself, (though he had «
ighttuhave required.il, if he bad 'so please^,)
(*) Porphyry, p. 77. (:) Porphyry, p. 77.
W Died. p. 78. , lb) IMiiIarch, p. 78.
(4 Nonnullian.Philo.p.70. (4) Cun|l)erl. Banch.p 378.
(<) Vlr».iRn.B.ii.vcr.I15. (/) Jolmvm.M, ,
ig) Lev. xviii. 31, 34. (A) Lev. xx. 8.
J"!
(») SOIiTon. xivlil.X '
;ib)SKinnxxiil. 10.
«) Jcr. Til. 30-SS. ,
ly) Jer. xxxit. M.
(() Wisdom III. 4-a.
^Jl
3Kin|[sxvi. .1i
It) SKiiiRSXvii. :il.
(a) Psal. c»l. 37, JH.
Ip) Jer. xli. :•—>').
[t) £zek. (vl.iH),ai.
.;U'.
■pdt^ th« w|iaU Jcwii
WM full of mtBT oUt
tM» M ■ tlnie wMn mil
kifbh wcrkficM of Hha |
cui \ng |Mnlon of Mn
the ■iieicnt rrccurdr''
anil
ipcpMtioD,
' > of MJ
caoaiill
'.'dUiiM
thcp
iriljLaf Pbilo
t^tir notion (n C^ , ^^,
>pil.||jjf^f SuehoMdiKf) '• It
"■ncMiiito^ iDitH (rmMit
'< 4
k bind I«*»c, U 0Td«r ti ofir-
''buttyjjy hi»'o<»« fr*« cofltar"
oouMut of the (tarty «ho
offerair icanil i^woiutcly neectMry ^in, .
•Mil': And/ w^Mi 4|t» con«*nti"' "
a*." iTMiiictlA^
99<|rentm of th» dli/ai
^^tructiop oiiTm; t9
'a, HBpriJNio^
•TabginKJ D«'
killad .aftar a
bittonr of tha kiiw
I Mjaat diitraii ii^. hli
lijbrinfonf* <** of j wHto
tkat ihoulUlia*^ raint'
I oflanfd him for a burnt-ol
*all.'^ TKif 'hlio tbe Jawitb
; Miieair^ iuipliei, wh»a ba inquireti
„.,crawit}i *Uw tconie bafora that' Lord; and
rlaijielf bafora tha bif h Godt Shall 1 codM
Jranini with burat-oflerinjp, with c^lvaiof'4
Kr oMf^WilMha Uri) be pleaiad with tboii'
J^'of rami, with ten tbot#andi of fat kidi or
Ih4 gitata^ Shall 1 |[iva my fint-born for my
trangn^iion. the fraitJRf my Wr for th? tin of.
my 3>ul1" Noi certatidly, '• For he hath •howed
' tbca.O l^aa, whit iafoitd; and wblit doth tbe toird
require of tne» bht Ip do juMly.and to love Dliercy^
and tq'i^jiuble <hyi4>f ttb walk**itb thv Godi"
It iaUruc, Uwlxml fou^ trr Aa faith and oba-
dienea'«f Ahnmadi ISfiliimWlf, .whether tllev
ware *i ulron^li the l>agana'<ahibftvd to tbe(r
denioiMoridoll,''yttdilhe withal take efieclual
care, And^lhat by a mir^ulous iUterpQtition alio,
to prevfdt the et^utlMi,llaDd <provide humeM' a.
ram. a*^ Ticarioai f iiHtil^i|i, to ((apply the place
of Iiaac immediately : (w) •• And tbe anrel ol tha
Lord c«li«<i uato> Abrabainit and laid, Abrabf m;
Abraltani< and he wid, Here am I. And>he laid,
lAy no< thine band upiri) the lad, neither do tho^i
any thinr unto him; for how I know that t\tmi
feareitQod, leeing. thou halt qot withheld ttfr
•on, "thine only ion, from me. And Abraham lift''
'ad up bii eyei, ami lubke'd, and leholdi a ram
caught in a thicket by hii hohii; and Abraham,
.went and/J«ok the ram, aad offered him up for a
bumt-qffibrinar in the it'ead of hii loq,^ Thui
though .Jlephthab (x) hai, by many, been thought
tdbiit* yowed to offer up' hit.only . daugliter and
^him toi a lacrifice, apd that as bound^ on him,
upon, lu^udiition of hit 'T6w,'»'by k divine law.
Lev. atVii. 38, 39, of which opinion I w«t once
myMilf; Vet* upoil more mature coniideralipn; I
have, foil lome time, thought thii to^be 'a niip-
tal^, and that thii v6w extended, only to her
being devoted to lerve tiod at the tabernacle, or
cUfwMh|^a« itate of perpetual virginity; ar^
' tbat iJ^HL/hat law dio. enjoin any human
ciii^^^Kmo We meet with any.exampljB of iti
' cxeflHHlbii lenie afterward/ Philo neyel
Dienlllnriihr <uch law no more than Joiephus
and when Joiephui had tliought that Jepb(hi '
'had made iSich a vo#, tpii executed it, he Ji
far from bintiiu: atiti bsHig done in sompliance
with any law, m God, tbat he expressly condemns
him for it, ai having acted contrary thereto; or
in bii own wordi, (u) "ai having offered an ■-
' ' lation neither conformable to the law, nor
' eaptable to God, nor weighing with bimi
. what opinion the hearera would have pf-iuch a
practice." ' 4
7. That Isaac being' at this time, according to
Josaphui, (*) who 'jU herein juitly followed by
Archb. Uiher, (a) nyleis than twenty-five yeara
I, and Abraham being, by consequence, one
ienlly
'i "Isaac
vtlgttii
.ba1^lliui,thi
.. coniratad ;" and than introducaa ,
'ng'a abort, bt|tTarj pioui aniwer, a«i>
I the proposal; and Mtdi, that "ha
lately, ahd readily want t^^the altar
ced. .Nor did Japhlhah fA parfonn
, whatever it -wara, till nil daugh-
her conient to it.
an to ma that Abraham never da-
cly'of the interposition of Provtdenca '
ervation of .Isaac, althoagh in ob«-
QDinmand he prepkreil to sacrific* '
This Henii to me ii)[tiniated in
ords to hii lervanti on the third .
was ii9 light of the mountaifi on
|to ofer billion Iiaali; («) "W*
wSlj go aaiKNwrship, and we Will come anin to '
yob.'^ A'i.aHile^^n hit answer to hii ion, when ha
inquired, •» B«h'old the fire and the wood, but
Whkre U il||L(amb for a burat-offiarlogi" And
Abrahadi'yiW(-" My ion, God will provide him-
lalC a laiub^^ a bumt;offering." Both theif
p«'itag,«s look to me, lomewhat like lucb $a ex-
pectation. However,
i. IVappeanwost evidani, that Abraham, and
I lupposii Iia^c alio, firmly believed, that if God
ihouliTpriuitoIiaac to be actually ilaio ai a U-
crificei^ would certainly abd ipeedily raiie him
agajin from t^« dead. Tbii, tobe rare, U luppo^
led in IM W<tM* already quoted, that bath "he
and bi^^ |ojt ■ would go ^bd worship, and come .
a servants:^' and i( Clearly and justly^
-*-ythis history by'tbe author'ta.>.the
.^p. xi: 17, 18, 19. "B«3tith*Abm-
M9rv tried offe^d^jlj^ |lE|c.''and be
, Jiceived* the promises oKared un hi*
only begotten, of whom it Was said, that in Iiaac
ihall thy leed be called ; accounling, or reaion-
inr, that God was able to raise him fr6ni ^e dead."
Xhd thh reasqning'was at once very obvious, and
wholly UQdeoiable; that sinfje Go<r was truth it- '
self)' iod.
would '
he sha
bis naij
ham, I
made J
again to 'I
coll«tt^dl
Hebretvji,!
ham Wljhei^
that Hpid
'oT
over and ovljr promiied that ^e
'^iplyAbrahail exceedingly; that
:,<ather of^any nationi; Jthtjl"
6e no longer ^bram, but Abra',
itherof many nations God "had
' lat Sarai bis wife should ba calf-
would bleis her, and givcAbra-
at her; and t^t he wpold blest
. should become nKions, and kings of
Id be of her, ftc.f and that {g) in
leed be called.'' And since wil*
~, that Isaac was to be slaib.^. ..
he' Wat married, or had any seed,
ertaJn, obliged by his promiteSrjU
noes, to raise IsaaclMain Troin the
waa an eminent inmnee of that
(A) Abraham believed God, ana
>HimforrighteouineA,"ef(. that
penniti Isaac to be-sMiificed, htf
;ings of
linW^a
'; .d
ly and^quiekl^ Aiie^him up agai*
hundred and twenty-five, it is not to be tuppos(
'0 Ap. Matsb, p. 76. 77.
' ' Mieah vi. 6-8.
(tj Judfit zi. SB— 30.
:^3 W*-^ ° ' -'—
[. Aali^ 9. L chap, xiil.
it)3Kin)tsill.S7.
'») G«n. uii. ]ih-13.
V) Antiq. B, v. ch. Tii.aee.II
>*) UihJinnaIurf.4JICiUr
faUKI
it!
if <
from ttiSRead,'(t)''from w6euca,also he leceTi
him in.A figure, "a« the authior to the Hebrevn'
heA jmtiy obaerves.
10. That the firm and juit foundation of Abia-
hftiii'ii flilUlyiil iiliiiiiiiii jii hiTiiil fill mill II in
urrection, wai thii> beside|i|he general contida-
(#) Gen. Ki. 13. .
' rattnn ot th
• wh»|it lime o
> In^ (Janaaii ai
; palled out of I
,* Ave yean of
ritncu uf a i
and grarioui
139lh y*ar, i
continually b
in bis filler I
Higar, and e
,"'" apriiig from I
. tne dcuilni'ta
,< t age, and wh<
'tne inaniu'r <
foriHi'il that
babfe loevar
had t'vcriiini
yean lOKdli
out uf Chnli
bi'en,(riu|iti'i
thr<tugli i/iili
r ty Venn' cpi
in iiritb, i^vi
suadi'd, (hat
reclion of 'Ii
to perform.'
• 11. That I
he permitlei
nine him ag
stuti! of tlic
the true (iui
ficei wliatso
> . others Immii^
protpvct ol
takes away
command, a
in Abmhaui
13. Thai,
Abrahnin, «
very like ai
wardPlu tlii
theTVleHfia)
, of the KhUi
beforehand,
•' he by tKfc
ledge of Gc
n ^acri^cr,
day," 'mid
the mean (
^£ices o)' ran
'iKliK^ia
^erusafciil,
third day"
iiiiplioD tha
the laOiific
also: Hhd *
'^ *!f»hc soil
prom'isri (i
Isaa4il'>is
t^i ion of Al)i
..Itond why
^^Sn which
the place n
or vision, I
Sbcchiiiab
|iy«himwo
iilid
Ona, Met; 31.
Ijpis xi.' !to, 37.
. xvii. iS, 16.
;i)Heb Xi.l9l
'^■^' '■■*■. W ^'
• Vft .
)<hr
in «•
BcaW- - «
Abra>
bleu '
net of
jm
■ seed, /
ae9,4'l
tin tM
r. that
ed, b# ; -^
Bfraii
ceive
sbreiH'
Abra.
I a f g '
raiida-
■■-■■■.■■;. ■, . : •' "■ -/.
Dli'SERTAtlON «. ,'
? ./
681
rathtn of the dWine Trrarity, timt i.liiriri;; llin
i«hi>|<t lime uf hii tujouriiiiiK lit >lruii|^c I'liuiitrji*,
in^ Ciinaaii anil KgjrpI, ivcr iiiir« Im hail bfcii
^tlviloutof ChalJcaor Mriioimtnuiiuat wvtnl/-
At« ytan of aga, ha had (Jlr) had cniiitani F|i|ie-
ritncu uf a tpccial, of nii ovrrruliiig, ot' a kihit
and grai'iuui |irMvklem'<' over hiiii, lill lhi« hii
I3$lh |«ar, which a||;nii)'<l M human view* had
Conlinually blcMed hiin, uiid t'iirii'h«:d him, ami,
ibbii filler agf, hud )(ivni him lirtl IfhmacI bv
Harar, and anrrwnrda iiritniiiit'd him Ivaac to (I)
•priiiK fruMi hit own biitly now di'ail, (in)an<l from
(be dcadui'si of Sariih'ii woinli, wh< n ihe wiiii |iHit
< age, and when it ci'aicd to be with Sarah at'lrr
the manner of Woilien, (n) and had artuall^ per-
formed that and ever; other priiniiie, haw imprO"
bable lOever (hat iterformance had apiHurcd, he
had t'vermade (o liini, and thiiiluiint; litl^ entire
yean loKethei-; |o that »llhi>u);h ut lii»' liml exit
out ot° Chald<'H, or MekupolHiniii, he ini);ht have
been leiupliil to itugKer at iiurli a promine ol' (Jud
tbrttugli i/iilielieT, (o) jet liiight he iiow, alter Al-
ty yenri' cpnitant eiperiehre, be ju»tly "Btrong
in hrith, (j^viii); glory to (iod; an heiiic lully |M!r-
iliaded, (hat vyimt (iod hud promised, the return
reclion oriiiuuc, ^Mie was both able and wilting
to perform." '
11. That thia asaurancc, therefore, that (iod,.if
he permitted laaac to be alain, would infallibly
raiae hiui again from the Jeudt entirely iiftera the
■late of the caae of Abraham'a aacrilicing Jaauc to
the true (iodi from that of all other human aacri-
Bcea wliataoever offered to fiiUe oiiea, all llioae
; othera beiuj; ifone without the Icuat proiniao or
proapect ot aiich n reaurrectiofi; and thia ihilced
takea away ull pretenec^of iiijiiatii-e in ttie divine
coniiuand, aa well aa orull inliunmiiity or cruelly
in Abndiiim'a obedience to it. ,
13. Tl)ut> upon the whole, thia connnand to
Abraham, and what fullowed upon it, looka to
very like, an intention of tfod to typify or repre-
, feutbrfcrahiiiid in launc, "a heliived," or ''only
begWen tl^V^>}vhBt wiia to hajiiicn long after-
wardf'lu llie gri«t "Son and Seed of Abruhum,"
ihelVleaaiah, tlii^Vjove^ and "the only begotleii
of the Fatlu-r, wbpe iluy Abrahum law bj; fuith
beforehand, and tejulced to aec it," (p) vu. that
•'he by tn. delerminine counaeluHd foreknow-
ledge of God ahoulil be crucified mid aluin," (o) at
a ^acri^ce, aiiil aliOuld "be miaeil again the third
day,"'und tnia at Jeruauleinalsb; and that in
" .1 would accept of the aacri-
1k Ijlui animala, at the aame
■lliot easily avoid the
tli^resiacin why Abra-
'■ft.jbJll'nmd of Moriah, or.
It i> floHBK lli«t^ wua " the
If^nuWL'^'afnhe <plac«, which
or |icrHapa, at nihrra auppotr, that where tha
Meaaiah liiniai ll wiia lo be ollrreiti ita neighbor
mount Calvary. 'I'hia aeenuiaUo the rea^n why
the ram Waa aubaliluled al a viVarioot t^crlAc*
inateatl of laaar. 'I'batc cirrun'iatancea aeenl to
me very peculiar and extraordinary, ani^ to ran<
der the iirrM'nl hyiMiilieaia ealremily prubabla. .
f«or perliapa did f<l. Clement mean any ihinR
rite, when in hia foriUiled paaajige, he aaya, that
"laaae waa fully |M'fauad>d of whiil he kneir
the mean time, '
^£[cet ot' ranUiJ
VSriia^lcnl
third day
til
J* - .
1 why thia -aacjrifici
{tthc son of ilie ficah /^didy, but I
promitei (i) the beloved sAnof jAfbran
implies that the ri«^||M',C^ck, after the slaying of.'
tfae sMU fice, would taatorally be " tl^ll^irihipiy "
also: and'" ■
lihniMI'l
_ e aonlij
i,,anii wh
Isaa4JB|'aa al vied the piily am, oi;^ only begotten' ^of these himii
ijlion orAbriilmin, though he liad hliiuucl beaidei; of waxen images in tli
u>i.» laou.. l.iiiiu^.li' tuu« t^ liAtir fliA urnrifl M|t Meli<)pons, in the
iho^peignborhogiH'oir
^Jtend wMy Isajjc litmaelf was to bear the wood J|it Meli<ipons, in the
TiMi which he was to, be tacnficed; ('() ani — ■— ^^' —
' the place waa no oOier than thfSluid^lMuril
-i .S.:_ ■ : .; ....i.. ..1.„l,..l ' - • -" '■^■
liy yieli
ed himaelf up fur a aarrilice." IS m indeed diiei
that iianin' uf (hit place, Jehii^ati-Jireh, whidh'
continued liM the days of Mines, and signified,
(iod will are, or o>lher UdU will provide,' seem 16
be given it by Abridmui, on any other arcounti
than that (iod h oulil there, ia the fidneaa uf time«
"provide himnelfa lamb [that Lamb of (lOiP(tii)
which waa lo lakeawiiy the ainaof the world] for*
hurnt-ollirinK." p .
Hut now, if, after all, it bl! oloected that how
pccnllar\anil how Ivpical aoevertnecircunialaliect
of Abraham and l>aac might be in iheniselvetr
of which tltehenthi'iis abnul Iheni could have lit>.
tie notion, yet aiich a divine cuninmnd to Abrp*:
ham for alaying his beloved aon la^i:} niuat how>
e«er be of very ill example to the (ienlUe world,
and that it probably did either firat orraaiun, or
at leaat greully-eucoiirRge their wicknil prarliceai
in offering their ChiUlren for sai-rifices to tbcir
idols, I answer by th.o next consideration:
13, Tint thia.objertion iaso far from truth, that
Uod'a public and miraCulout prohibition of the'
execution of thia coinmand to Abruhani, (which
command itaelf the (ienlilea would not then at all
be aurpriaedHt,becaussitwaa aolike lo theirowu
uaual prnctic)'a;)^Kr^eTl aa (iod's Substitution of
a vicarious oblation, seems to-fiave been the very
iircasion oft^e immediate abolition^ of those ini-
pfbia sacrifices by Tethmoaia oruAmoaia, among
• the nViKhliorinK Kgyptian*, mid of Ihe aiitHtilu-
lioii uf more inolleiisive ones lliere instead of lliem.
Take the account of this abolition, which we shall
(ireseiitly prove waa about the time of Abra-
lam's offering up his Son Isaac, as it is pnaerv-
ed by Porphyry, from Manetho,the fahioua I'gyp- '
tian historian and chronologer, which it also (i-
ted from Porphyry, by F.usebius and Thciuloret:
" Amosis, («) says Porphyry, ahuliahed the law
for slaying of men in llefiopolla of K.gypI, •■
Manctho bears witness in his Dook of Antiipiily
and Piely. They were sacrificed to Juno, anil
were exuinined, as. were the pure calves, that
were also sealed with them; they were>BFril4iMi«l-
three in a day. Ini whose stead,AniD*»#'xon(-/
^uanded that men of\wax, of the same Myi^berV
'should be substituted.'* > ' ^ tr
Now 1 have lately alipwn, that thetc Kgiilptiant
had Abraham in ^rerft\ veneration, and Ji/iat<«M
lketBit<Ujino/lhon fivyptia'U, in iiihidpMdtta
i^M'Wefuiaril /(a»M(#^ak"derived from ho other
' 'ow it iij)|>ears evidently
^','tbat'tiie firat aUolitidn
cea, and the subat\tutioil
Ir stead, ntiV particVlurly
rthepst part of Kg>'j>t", ill
ersheba, in t|>e aoitth of
t(iun froiu
or vision', i. c. molt pj-obubfy a plac* ilibere the
S|«;^iiiabor Meaaiuh hud been aet^bj^^ Ood
worshipped, even before the d4fPn Abra-
' where lately liyed, and. perhaps.now
chisciick, the grand *>')"^ ^||'''t<^ Jfe'ji
{i.ihight then possibly be' plHHcnt alnw
■^ [id why this sacrificeAvas to be offered
e niountaiii called afterWnr44iatinct|y^
,erc the temple stSod, and' where all.,
, sacrifices were ufjenvard to be-oByf-
ii^phus.fc) and the ({cn'ijrality su|Hj<t8(^
(/) Bum. iv. *.
xviii. U. /'
viii. 50. -
xxii. 3,4
■■•i'
■/:} ; W-:i
i
Parrstioe./Where AbraiiaM now livcif.'U th^ dii-
lance, of ,^boiit a hundred and twenty juiles ^idy,
wa^in>*h'e days. UniPby the order of TetbioSiit
oiiAli*oiis,*whd: was the fir«t of tlie f%3\. ''"'
iiiig»raner thi: f'kpulsion of the Phq>nician '
heiSs, *dW*lBWefore weare to inqui^
khii^ffinbiiit or'MriiAM l^,.aiid coniiJl
^lijrwSitellbe tlm^.bf llpjaSrilice of Isaac.
No*,* if \re^fiwkinto niy chronological table, pi^b-
lishwl A. D. 1721, we shall find that tlio hundrild
and twenty-fifth year of Abraham, or which M
all one, the twenty-fifth yegj^^of Itaac. fallt iutf»
\
A-
ft) Heb. ll. 17. \
(■V John xix;,t7.
(«i) John 1.39,.''
' ' nV(jen,nii!G. .,
. ,,; J„ («), Anliq. R I. rl£''«iU. tee.
'■] I (4M»rt\p.30I.
'''^
- -I- •
■ . 1 ■"_ ,
,. ■■ \ .. :
. ■ ' * (" "
■ • /■ '\ -■ ■ ■
,( H.I.-.-:
IB9
DISriERTATinN II.
A. M. 2573, or into the thirt»cnlh jrtiir of T«lh-
Bioiii or Aiiiutii, which ii thr »iry iiiiildl^ of hi«
li^«iilv-fiv« }t»n' reiijnj »« lh»l lhi« nlH.ruii>iH)f
hivnmn «ai:rifn.c« iii Kk}|>!> •■><* •uMituUon of
othrn in thrir room, »i'»iii'» U> h»v« htm oCtm^
•iunrd liy the •uleinii pruhibitiun of (iich n laciu-
fice ill the c»«e of AtinihBiii, »nd by lli« following
■ubttitution of ■ ram in iu iUail: which Bccbunt
of ihi« inall«r not noljr taVf away «h« groanJ-
liM iuiiiicionn of the nioili^n), but ihoWa th«
rrrat M'ai<iniiM)'nc>4 of the diviitc |iriihil)itiun of
thn aneciitiiin of ihii command to Abraham, of
iinihiiblv the direct occation of puttiiig a itniilo
lilt' harbarity of th« l-'.Ky|iliiiiie in olli ring liuniQB
jaarrlAcee, ami (hat (or iiiany it v>l for all gene-
raliunt afterward.
DISSEUTATIOIV 111.
i'*ki
tketl^'B Jetonlt »/ n$ Origin if lUJntUh Jfalhn,»nd0f Ikt Ptrtliul^n »/ lU laHJtwhk tTtrli
'%7.r«.r"«. /'»»«»'» »'.'...% „j....«.. u J»s'P^y'- 4»(M,«"iM. »m "a. <*. taller we. /«• ..rial.
,lmUtatlUir»€llitakt»/i'»mJtiipk»t'iliitt»n»ftk*^^itkJirar.
f^titcK Tieltui, (he fiimouii Roman hietoriiin,
who hnn written more lari^cly and profeeicdly
"aliout 111" origin of the Jcniib niition. iiboiit the
choro){f«(»liy of Jnden, and the lait Jrwish wiir
Mnd< r ( 1 i>tiu«, Vf upaeian, and Titu»,lti»n any oth-
er old Uoinan hiitorian; nnd iiiice both Jpwphut
and Tiicitue were in favor with the lame Ro-
man Ki»peror«, Veepaiian, Titiii, and Uonntiitn;
and «incB Tacltai wat an eminent iili-jxler ami
.writer of hiitory at Rome, during tife time, on
not long after our Jotephm had bein there itudy^
ing (be Ureek language, reading /(he Greik
booki, and writing hi« own worke in the »»me
Greek Iiiiiguuge, which laiigunge wa» anno»(
unirrrtally known a( Rome in that age; and
lincf therefore it U neit to iniposiible to anpiiofe
that Tacitui could be uiiac(|unihted with the wri-
ting* of Jotcphui, it cannot hut be highly proper
to cOiiipnre tneir account! of Judea, of the Jews,
and of Jewi»h affnlm, together. Nor i« H other
than a v<ry »urj()ri«ing paradox to me, ho* it hii»
been iMnmhle for learned men, p*rticularly for
the aeveral learned editor* of Jo»ephus and T a-
ci(u», (o be »o very »ilen( Bbou( tlii« matter as
they have hitherto been, eiprcially when not
only (he corre»p<Snd4lice of the authors as to
time and place,, but (he likeness of the «ob)<t:t
matter, and ciMiumstance?, is so very renmrka-
ble: nay, indeeil, since niiiiiy of the purlicnlur
facta belonged peculiarly to the region of Juilen,
•nd to the Jewish nation, and are such as ("nuld
hardly bo Uken by a foreipiier from any otl\er
author than fwin our Jo!ie|iliup. this «t>Bii!{e si-
lence is almost unaccountiible, if not incxciunble.
The two only other writers ivhom we know of,
whenrc such Jewish affairs might be supposed to
be taken by TncKus, who never appears to have
been in Juilea himself, are Justus of Tiberias, a
Jewish historian, co(enipornry with Josejihiis,
and one Antoiiiiis Julianus, once men(ioiied by
Miniitiiis Felix, in his Octaviut, sect. 33, as ha-
ving written on the same subject with Jo;ephus,
tnif both already mentioned by in« ort' another
» occasion. Dissert. I. As to Justus of Tiberias,
' he cpnUI not be the historiag whence Tacitus (ook
bis Jewish affairs, because, »» we have seen in
the place ju5( cited, the.prinripaljassage in Ta-
citus of that nature, conccniin? Christ, and his
iufferiflgs under the emperor Tiberius, and by
his procuraU)r Pontius Pilate, whs not there, as
■ we know from (he (esdniony of Photins, Cod.
XXX. And as to Antoniiu Julianus, his very
name shows him (o have been not a Jew, hut a
Roman. He is never mentioned by Josephus,
° vtA so probably knew nomore of (he coun(ry or
•flairs of Judeu than Taci(us himself. He was. 1
•uppose, ra(her an ejutoliiitei' of Josenhus, and
B0( so early as Taci(iK (haii tin original historian
bimorlf bclore him. Nor could so exact a writer
aaTacitiis ever take up with such poor and al
. I U:-l.._.nn. «a — «l...aA ,lru,.i> Uflliti
by Vesp«(pian and Titus^ the ewperors. bjr kinK
Agriii|M, and king
of Chalcisi nnd n«
, ■ 'f —
Archelaus, and Heroil, kinj^
„, v,,....^ » ..J was thri'e honored with •
statue: and these his books were depOslle<l «l
the Iridic library at Rome, as we know from Jflj-
srphus himtelf, from Kusebius, and Ji ronie, wbilit
we never heard of any other of the Jews lha|t
had then and there any such attestations gr rel^
coiniiieiidaliiins^ Stfiiie things iiidtid Tacitui
tiligbt lake frclii the Roman records of tbU war,
J mean froiir the coniiiienlaries of Vesjiaslan,
which are mentioned, by Josephiis hini.self, in hi*
own Life, sect. 0.5, anil scmie others (join the re-
lations of Roman pftoplc, wherif'thP affairs of
Rome were concerned; as also other affairs mighl
be reiiH mhered l>y old ofltcera afld jiddiers <ha{
had been in the Jewish *n,r, AccoritiiiKly,.r*till
suppose that Taiilus hod some part of Tiis liifor-
ination IhiH- ways, and .parliiiiliirly where hea
little differs fAn, or makes addition* to Jostplius;.
hut thcii, u* tfi* will all reach no farther thitn
three or four years dlit-ing'thi* war, so wiH it by
no nifuns iicroug4 for that abriilgeinent of tlie'peo-
grnphv of the country, and entire series ofth^
princijlial fapis ofhiktory thereto »elating, which
are in Tacilii", from the days of Anlioi'hus Kpi-
phnni'S, 240 years before the war, vi'ith which ^ ■
Antiortiii*, boih Josephus and Tacitus begin their
distinct hiitories of the Jews, preparatory to the i
history of thia last war. Nor coulil IVitus take [
the. greatest part of those ehrlier facts belonging ;
((» the Jewish untion froni the days of Moses, or
to Chri»( and Christians in (he days of Tiberius, ;
from Roman al(kthor«; of which Jewish and Chris- ;
tiun affairs those authors had usually very littla j
knowledge, aiiel which the heathens (jentrally did J
grossly pervert and shamefully falsify; and thia ,
IS so true as to Tacitus's own urcpuiils of the orU
gill of the Jewish, nation, th*ft the reader mav al-
most take it fora coaslant rule, that in hen Taci-
tus contradicts' Joseiihgs's Jewish Antiquities, he
either tells di|ei',t falsehoods, or truths so misejfa-
bly «li»giiised,',«s i^eadjfrt them little bilterdtati
faNehoods, ami harilly ever ligh(s upon any filing
relating (0 thei^thatis (rue and soliil, but when
the same is inji^^'^ Anti'iuilies at this ihiv, of
which niattrVj.#ioi?! lvill.be said in the ^ihUVoII
tliis histosy iiiNuediately following. ' "W
lligTOilY oI'SSe JKWS.-,Book V. Chap. II.
SiSCE we are now going to relate the final pe-
riod of this famous city [Jerusalem,] it seAna
proper to give an account of its originaf fy)— The
tradition is, that the Jews ron awav Iroin the ,
island of Crete, and settled themselves on the
coast pf.Libyn, and this a( the time when Sa(urn
was driven out of his kingdom by (Ire p6»*er of
JHpi(er: an argument for It is (etched from their
naiiic. The mountain Ida is famous in" Crete,
ami the neighboring inhabitants are named Idle
v l iic l i, with a barba r ou s augment, bec o me s t
\l-
i
moat unknown his(orians ps these were, while
Josephus's Seven hooka of the Jewish War were
then so common; were in such great reputation
at. Rome; were attested to, and recommended „
/,) Most of these slorie. a«, «, ealinly groandle... and a «..*6... "'"f"'"'"?"; J' ''Jl'^m 5^^^^^^^ '"^ ^
. to cent radictory to one another, that tht^r do nut ileservo 1 sua.te biinself Uins crudely to sut ibun diiwn.
w l iic l i, m =-- ,
iianic of Jud.xi [Jews.] Some say they were
popple that were very numerous in Kgypt under
the reign of IsiS, and that the Kgypliaus got free
:.'/■
-■';!*•
'm
pWUBRTATlON III,
dib
rrom lh»l bunlen, br ttnMng thWn i«t.. ll." »<lji>-
c«D( ciuntriM, uiuftr llwir (iipuiin lUtr..""!) ■
■nut •kl Ju<l«. Thfl grriH..l imd. .»> »l"y,
wrrs^lhoM. K(hiopi«n» whoui f.«r »u<l hiilr.d
oblHrmI lo ch»'f tli«ir IihIjiIuIiuik, hi tli«> rnKH
of'finrCeph«ui.(») Th»r.nr.i lliow wlio re-
port lh»l thi-y w«r«,AM)»i»ii«, wlio »mi«m«
Until not logethir, i|iiil obliiiiied purl of Kb^JiI.
■ and wwn ifttrwara ••■Ulr<l ihiunwlvii m <'l'i»
of their own, iii tlm Innil of Oi« M< br«w., nmUhr
mwttof SyrimlutlH) iii»rr»llothtni.(a) imtt*
brrlinil tfieir origin •" b<- niori! vniiuim. iiml U»*<
' Ihe Solyini. « p<'"r'<' <«!' ''"»«<' in lloi«ir'« po-
•nit, wrre the fuumlcrt lU llii* iiuliun, mul giiv*!
Iliit thirir own n»iiio. Ili«fro»oljniii, la Ihf cjly
which they built thrre.(6)
ClIAl*. 111! Muni miUiori ngrct. that wh«n
oncrin inf.tlic>u«ili»JfniiMr tti<»«nMniiiK.(tM''' — -/ - ..
IZ\ „,».le m.nVb».lu. !m,.*-.', l(o.-. huri. I ...V .rKuni.Mt r.,n. Ih.
fclm, wrnt (u tUe orwi.) of [JupiltrJ ll«u»«..n, uiil«)UVim.4.(m) , , ., .
~iC«in.l Ipi. eviirin'l ttt h.- wu. cnjvlnrd to .rv.ntb a*y.(H) b,...,u«, ih.t a« «»».
p^rK" hi n.tioU o tlH .„.Hn.l ... bnni.h .1.1- k.n.l ..f l|h» ftr..] r. .. .r,..n t)u .f l»b„r.. ft,
£Il,?i»t'...tl...r.:oun.ri....-l.«..luU..th. K«.l.(t) ■ "- ■■"- ""•"" ""
Tl.«» wh.nhehtxl .yuRht for, itnil go.l.ttlb.in
Jill ti.Ktthrr. tbO w«r<! T<(. in « ¥«». iln»crl: tW't
hereupon the riVt <l«vo»eil thfnutlvn (o wet-p-
ittK Mrri (I i »nil •«!«, «hoi» prvti<r« fcr' »lluW'
ctl nnii.i.K ih< iM wliiVh Hre by «»«».• *ui< «^ n*g»l
iibi..iiinuliti'.^) > 1 1 L 1 '
'I h< > pint !• tlm iDi»Kr of ihirt uniiiiHl Mi their
mutt h''l) pliif*", b» wlioM- iiuUcti.iirti I. <»«• •hit
thry huiT.;».«i»iJ llioir w«H'l>rinK (nmlHi«.n ind
Ihtir (hir»l.(Ay ■"
Thty •»«'ri«<;f ihe ninn Hy w»y of r*pr»(iih ««
rJunilrrJ llBiiimon. An "» l« ,lil«'> |u» rifire.U
which ..."• J'.nypliein worfhip uiiiUr tlw n«'"e of
Apii..(i) . . '', J
^I'hey kba.nin from »wip» • (l»«h M » iim mort-
al of lliH. mi.<rlil.lrilt«lru<-.ion„wl.iih .In- ii.aiiK*.,
to whn-li .hut rriiii.iir* Ulinblr, bMouhl i.ii.hcinf
aiiiTwilh whi.'h ihiv hml brrii ilililicl.Cr
Thu. .I.<y liMil tmluriJ ii I<.iik fiiiiiiin tiny •«•
trit •.ill l.y th< ii- Ir.fiu.n. f».linK».;f; A..<l UUI
lliey »...!. ih.' Iriiil> of .hi' i^r.h, Mv huir •».
■ l.rmd »f the Ji»». "hidlW
nereuuon iiic ri'> nu.u.." ........ - ,
inK »n(l inaolivity ; but one ol Iho.e ntib i. Mu«« ». I in w<
by iMine, »il»i.fd th«in to loi.k f'«- no i^MiHt^iM^iT^Hturii
from any of the jfoil". or from any o( iiMiiiUii. ;
tince Ihey liaJ been aban.lointl byl)..(h, bii. l.ii.W
them believe in him »* In u reln..r«l l.uiU r, (J)
|>y"who»« help thev huil iilriioly (foltm (bar ot
their prueql mi»ene». They »(?•■•■•■" to it; amt
thniitcti they were un»t'quiiio.<;<i with ivi:ty thing,
til. y beftin their jourmy at rapiloiii. nu. i|o-
■ thiiiK tirt'il them •') much «• the want of watvr;
and now they l.iiil thimi<lv< . clown on the groiiiiil
to a Kreat e»lent, at ju.t ready to |hti»I>v when
■n herd of wild a»*e. ranie .roni feedinjf, ami
went to a rock ov< r«li».lowe.l by a ({roveo. trett.
Motet follow»il limn, «» cnjiCurinij; that there
'wat rihere4bo.il .«..« grMsy toil. an. »a he
opeiied farge loui. . - of/wat.r (or ill. ui.(e)^ 1 hat
»a, an eate to |h.... j^liid when they |li.. jour-
neyed continually »i* imir^^lu) ".(/ ). Uii the n-
veiith day they drove 6iit the iiihnbi.Hiili, and
obtaiHMl tho«e landa wherein their city and tem-
ple wSiledica.ed. ,, "v, , '*: I .L
ClliWi IV.] A»6>rMo«e»,mordertotrci|re.he
• nation 6rnilv to himself, he or.laineil uew| ri..»,
■ml iuch at "were (-oiitrary to tli.we yf olhe^ nun.
Alt thingt are with theiii profane which «|ith n»
II the
„_ ihrra [
I iiie fir»i] ri ti friiiii t)i< if lubyrt. ftei.i.UK which
llwyBre nil.: oninrv »ev« nth year, (<i) o« beiuf
.JeaMitwi.h » li.iy lif. Olherit .i.y th». .hey
do fionur thereby lo Slilftrn; ( ttJ or iw^rlmin the
Idiei gav* fheni llii. (>i.rt .)f iHBL"1i»4"'"' '•■''•
■aiil above 1 wi r) exi.. Il«»i>t!. »li' f Wl.h
„.,., anil who, BH »ve lian' wtn i.il.irii.eil.
were the foumlirt of Ihit iiu.ion; oy ^^j^jrn>
lj<raii«e the «tar Sulurn iiiovt* III U^^^VA,
orb,>aii.U)f theioin pruni I- e». rl- *hHH|pi>
iiart of that ekB'Tliy wi.enby ni»i.Wni^iP^>-
virn.-d; ami iiitli iTl in"»t >'!' the liiaMnlj I. i.llPl
exert their power, an.l perfi/rni ^.Inir cdnrtit
anciirdinic to tlw iiunibi r of »eK iU(V,)
ChaI'. v.] 'riie«erileii,l>) what iiKinmr -■ever
tiny were fn»t 'wgnii, are nuinmrteil l>) lii< m- an-
tiquity, (r) 'Hi.' rM. of thiir iiittituliiiii- are
Bwkwg'd.Ci) impure, and got ground by ♦h.ir pfti-
vi.y; lor eviry rile fiUiiw, ilt .iiiiiiit; the riulin
of hit fortfath«if%, brou(s|i. thither ih.ir Iriliii'r,
and f.in.ributionti by whi.h nicaii.. the Jtwi-li
cumnioiiwealth wa« HU);iiien.r<l. Anil I"' anyj
luiipng iheintelvet tJieie it «n uni.lten.lib (nl« II-.
ty ami kln.lne«, abvaya riaily at h».iiil, bul bif-
t.r erimity toWardt an'othert; (() thev i>re a pey- -
pk'Miiar.te.l from ..iliert J|||i|||MAi^l, "nd in ,
their litd..; lloxiith lh< y lf^^HM«( nvlioik.
Uiuiii.eiirlh, )'t will lUfiy l^gfK^t li.reign ,
in.iiicu,(ii) tfiiinsh iiLlhiiig be eoTeeii...! unlaw- /
lul ainij.iK .lieii.»«lve». ir) ' . /
Thiy ha\o ordiiiileil cinunicHion of Hi.' part
/■\-
t
(0 One would wondnr how Tiiriiu* .ir any l^aihcn
cOiUd iBiiiwM th« Alri™. Kll.i..|«ini.« und.-r t.t|.l»'..»,
iM BrokBuwn lo Iw l.lo.k», ropl.l lai the parii.lM of thii
Jowt, wLotiro kiiuwM v> I'" w'","V\ . ,4,~„
<a) Thik acmanl comet ii.inr.M Ihn iruth; and»h.» lo-
ini«lit hav.'lroinJ.w<-|ihu3,«iilyiti-.t'..iMdln Iiiin-ilf.
TliltTacftut iniglit.havu Dul of Jt.»<iil.M», Aiitiq. 11.
•;hnp. lii. tocl. '.'. . i ,
■K) fliranue dot'irh." to J.i.ppliu«1 wli" iruly olwr%-.>«
ofiliii»'..rr«,ion,.ll)nl Ih" !!'")« »'<• aniirv »"tt.l l"»l.ly .">•
,Iierfpi-li..n«, Uul nl wieked murlk'n. , A|m>M, II. i. « '' v'-
(rf) Thw h'tii'vins ia M.mfH, a* lu a fw»r(«/ Irndrr
•eeTni a liliiid roiif.^ion <d" Tar-itu« llial M.wi'h |iri>fes«'d
lo have hit lawn fr.Mn lii'it . , .t ii™, ■, .
(t) Thii hiukH .diHi likif a plain roiif.'««ii.n .if Ii.<ilu»,
thai Mi>ieH broaRhi 'l..i i.-wi< w..li'r »..t ofa wk iiiL-nai
pleaty, Which ho mixht hav<» ftoai Jutcptin.., Aniiq. Il.l.i
th. i -— • '
* mfhran'JB imliTdl th,M fllO.<H« men tlwal* travil
ahuvn aOO niilet over ihp .l.«rtK of Araliia ill iin duy«,
. •'■.•— tlioAiyraih. •wS'
r>i» i||(ieiKru1. 1.i.i on1»l> (a r, Ijia l ll..'
rirrafariidiii. iiml i.thir rVI<'i<JBbJt<-pl
> ..1. .1.. • ..iiiA niil I^^^Hlluillt
•nil conquer iadea
■' (*) Ttii" '« not lr>i» ninv'"'"'. ■■"' ".■■j-». i--^^.
Itfaolilr«wcrc|iytirra7iiiiiil..ii v'«\ ixl.-r '^'-'j^mi
aoparalu from tli« wickid and iil.Jalr.iu« nairi^l
(*) Thi'* ttrinKO ttoiv «onlradu-H what tjii'
tut will li-Vl us prrBenil'v, thai wli'.ii I mifiKit
tl i n hid v of h i >ln '» ll" f" U " d ni l iinii|-n ih-TV
(i) 'I'j.fM arc cinly gui«iin»oJ(Tiiiiiu« or
aulhoM, but no nmrc.
.^.-OaBcli inrmorialt-of what mB»t nave '»<'".--
■Pm^^arc<fitrai.gerino tho rctt of nankinilraliili
ICtaHnBtbiUty
(J) Tim J.'Wt ha<l but .aii' M.nin fott of olif in iN
wb.ili' v.'UT, ibi'(,'nalday.ipfi'»piiii«>.i-
im)»\'iJcnV('iud lir.'a.l wiw milv uw-d (.} lb'' p.i»«iiver,
(»i ll ii» vi-ry Birant;.' Ilia, 'rui'ii..," ►Mi.ibl nni kn»w i'r ■*
coiilViM ih«i il..vJ>-*"' »"■»«'* rf<"', I..MI .ifii;.;* f^^'C
rem, wru ia iwo.i>ry <.f H"' *v.,i.i)., .(i ^'..I.Uulll .lay 1
r. »l Sl\(r ""■ i-i" di.v*.it'.nalii>n. K.v< ry J' ». ."« n.U n
iVi>ry«*rl^liun,i.iiiMbiivi>iidl>rni<'il;lii.ii"f .Ij"""".!'""'-
(u) .V .iriinj.-'' hj|««tli.'.- "f ibi' "'i..'!" "'' ' '"VjW'I'a';* •
v.i.r mill willi.'ul all p«id Inundi.M.m. Tm',iI9^"I'«I'IT
lio,d luv.T h.ard uf ib.i J.:»k- year nf Jul^U^uu b" «.»•
iiolhiiis of It. , ,,, , ,. .jL
fp) A's if Ibe Ji'Wi., in llii' ilumif Mow ■".••rliiMjIi Rir*-,
,ii..\v tliHl Ihi- tlr.'ckt airt» K.inuin" winilij luni; atiiiward
^l Ibnwvciith .lay uf Ibe w. eki AViUrn'-i ilaii .•■Viliiihl»M>
.il>tvr« wB« mil w.cuU.ilof.ild u..ii;a.idii .<».|^ri.iiim
wbi III. r l«tW.! tl.i-. J.w«t"-U ii.ioid.dolry, tb.yev. r h.ard
ulmirb a Bii.r .ir )(«ida«HaWrM. Aii.rHi. V.-J3; .^.•l^. » U-t-l.
|i/> Thai III'' siSi. ninoif, a.id i.li|rt, r.iUvv.l lli.i nflil.rl
iii'maiikiiid. waAiUiiaili.n and mil u J.wl»li ii»i.im : "..''iv
ihrr JiW< niirt'brUinn.4 »<■"' i«-rnii1l.il hi lU'alin »«lro- ,
lfi"v;iliinij;h'ra<:iruV».inH lo haii' Imn di^ p mHi-
'(■riJ'lii»ackii.iw|.V'"""' .If •!"■ "ili'iu".* "' *'"«■«,
'n.'"' Jew'"!' iltif-m. nt, wafwhai liiu bvuili' i.iarta
» tii<n*nJ , ■ ■ ' i '. ,
J.I (h.w ifrilMrtdi'iJ awkwiiril ami inipjirc inttl-
IW'.tui d.K» mil iiiliiini u*. , >„
„.„l,%itk^gMbr I'tniifurv, ai. lulfm laKKOTHo-
' ' ^ ' Vl i --"" ' 'K ' "' ■ '■ -—,
111..". Iid.i.'ciiniim'tiilali.in'illb. Jewt.
(y ■y'Ay cli'aracl.'r, anil ciiiiiaiy la llieit'
IkI niiclcaniieti.. Bo^ l.»iclill«». Alitl<l.D.
12. - , ■ ■ '■ • ' t
V.
ji:
..4-
» 4
%' ■■.■•«
,'ii*f ■'
mfiSEftTATIfW III.
e
■^
I is Koncrtiioii, ihit tlitjriiijiv »ti*MiyMyJi«-
liiifui<li«(l iiihrr V*^^iMtAlt/ttK/Kf)
la lh«ir rrlij;iiiii hiiv«< InyUpiPi^^^^^^T
thV p(u<li, t<> r> iKViiiii't- idrir coiiiMr*, iihil tii4iiiv*
llltir psraiila, rhililrtn.iiml bfrltMitn, In III* ut'
noil ciinlciii|i(; (jr) but tUII llit) IhIk* mrr to Hi-
Oraiae anil multiply, fnr it i* rilrciiicd ullcrljr
•nUwful tn kill any oi thrir rhiMrnM.
They hIm look <>n th« louh n< Ihoai thiil dlr
in bnlllr, or nrr put to tUlMh lor tluir rrinu-i, tt»
•ttrnal. ilrnca romcillMiir lov« of |>oittrity ami
eoiitinipt ol (Irath.
Thay <l«rlv(i thrir ciiitom of hiiryinf (y) in-
"Mcail of burning their (U nil from Ih/KKypliarti;
thfy havn hIiTi th« •aiiii! carr of th« ilrail with
thmi, aiiit llii' Mimn prriuation nboul lh« iiivlai-
bl« worlit III low; but of lh» goil« nlxi**, Uirir
opinion ■• ronlrary to thfin. Tbr KKyplian*
Mtonhip abuibJanc« of aniuuiUv and iiuuKci of
varlhui norlf,
Th» Jrwi have no notion (ll'aiiy niorr than
.li
f- one Divine ltcing,(«) ami that kmiwn only by
/f^tbr niiuil. Tli«y ratrrni (urh to bti prdrmi)) who
frame ImaKm of %iu\t out of |i<-ri«hHhlt! yialtrri
and in Ihd (hape uf mm. That Ihit K*iH|[ i«iu-
ivrrim', and ctrrnj, and iaiuiutabk, nnd- un|w
nkhnlil*, i« thrir WUitrtnC, Aj^rArdiiigtl-y, Ihc^
JMCC no iinagm in <ulr citio, muih Irt* in tht^r
nllDlci: they n*v4;r^rant thit picc<' of Uallt ry
to kingi, or thia kind o£ honor to cni)irror<. (a)
But bf'r*uie>4lirir privatiii whrn they iilnv oo'thr
pi|>«' and tiiil^ri U, wtiar ivy round thrir liiad,
and a roldcn v'inr haa'tRcn found in thrir. I«ni-
'\i\f,(Jn loiiir havMh^UKaU tl**( ''■<> wornnipnrd
"<Dur lathir Itarchjft, the 'f%n<|Ueror of the KMt:
whcren* the c^^ciAoniri of"th<' l»wn do not at all
ni{ r«ai,i »ith thdik ^f llacchvi. Jar hv lujpdintid
rittVKA werlwdy^ jovial niiMNi 0"*1 ^^ for n%-
tivanPfiile th^^racticri of the J«w> are ab-
aurd all'lonlid.-
t.'iij(p. VI. 1 The limilii of Jud<a castirly arc
funded by Arabia. Kgypt tim on theioiith; on
the wetLBdM||wnicia «gd th<- {grtn* I "B. 'Hi^"
have aMlnfMI of Syria on tht'flUlOi
lif at ioili^liitBnce frofn thrni. ^^4
■" 'lilt! bouMi' of tht^mtn a^a hehltliy, aqdyfdch
M n^|) bear great (abora. jrti
Thiy h»v« not many ihnwrn|^lHh]|;. thrir
abil it very fruiffiil: the g|(Hlu(.'i^||pi«ir |i^d la
like ouria Wgreat pk
They have »l"0, bl
liar to theuiH'lvKV, th
trre. Thrir grov<« ol
ful. 'Qle b|tsam lrr«4^
aianrbmnrh ii »wrlli
fear, if you bring an
Thry vr to be oprnrd with the broken piece of
a Htonp, or wi^ tlie ahttl of ■ lish. The juice \%
iMc/ul in phyticl' '
{») Thr proMlytei of juxite only, not the pra«clytci
•f the nil;.
(x) ll(i\^d<if« thirnijrrrr with thnt urtallrrnlilr fiilrlity
in<l kiniliR'HR whirh 'I'lifituH. tulilu* tbr Jcwi huil lowarili
omanollM'r? uiiU'imhrunly mronmliai Ihry pnTrrrrd lint
\ divine fomnmiKlR brforw thrir m>iirrHl ri*lutiunii, which iy
: the hivhriit i]i'grru«if Jcwiib and (Mirwtinii piriy,
(y) Thia ruflnni if at |i>i»t an did ainonx tlii' lli'brrwi
aa thr daya of Alirahsml and thr mvc of .Moi:li|irIah, Ions
; Iwroio ihv Itirai'litra went into ftgypt. Orn. >xiii. l>-'Jt(;
jUiv. 8-10.
(z) Tlirm* arr vrry valualilr mnroaaiona, which Tnritua
lH>f(MQakrN.aatnthrunK|iuttrdpictv Iff till' Jcwiah iidtiim,
. in I ho woraliip ol'ttni' intinitr, niviKitdr fJirHl. and ahfotutt)
xrjoctiun of.nll idMLitry, and of all witraliip iif imnp>a,
nay, of the imnffc of thr rmpcror Ciiiua hiniMlf, or iif at-
fordinfi it a plur'Mn tlir trmplr.
(«) All, Ihrar itiiirraiinni wrrr tnlw IrarnrdfySm JfiaT'
' I.Uianuf It thrir principal inounlain, and iivarr
I hiuh, and lit, what it,*«rv •Inincto h« rtlatatli
i|M{)(iiiii<mhiMlo<*ril ifllli Irtva, uihI hrvrr fra*
ffoiiT a no* The iniiMi mounliiin tuppliat th«
livrr Jiitdnn with tValir, and alhirdt it Ita foun-
lama alto. Nor it (hit Jordan rnrrlad into th*
4rai it pain't ihruuDh onr and a t*con4lU>*i
unilinilHlahrii, hut it latlopptd by the IhiniJ^)
Thia third lakr i* vatlly |r»*l in circuiiintv
r«ncr, ai If it war* * wn. (^) It it of an ill lait«i
an<l It ptrnlrioui to thr aiijiiining inhahltania hy
ill itrong' tnii II. Thr wlinl raia< a no wav*a
Ihrrr, ii«r tirill it maintain either fiahrt or lurh
birdi at uar (he watrr. Thr rraaon la uncertain,
but (he fai'l it thua, that hodirt raat into il artk -
l>ornr up at by lonirwhut tolld/ TIniar whncan^^
and ihotr tfho cannot twiui, are <i|Uiklly borne ^
up by it. C/r) At a rtrlnin (iiiivof tlieyrnr ilcaila
out bllunirn;(M >h« ninnnrr of gnllwring il.ttka
Vthrr arta, haa btou taught liy cauaiiicuce. Tba .^
llipior la of lit own natnrr of*n liTarlt rotor; and,
if you pour vinrgar u|i<iu It, it rflngt IOgrther«
and Bwimt niH>niJ|fb>ii, 'I'hoar whoae iMl"
It la, lake II into J)Hpii;inilt, and null 11 ikt
upprrjiarta of thr lliip, aftir whirh it fclli
without further atlri>clion, anil filla thr thip
till yuu rut It olT; nor ran you cut it^olT ri
wilh a braat or an iron InalnyiMnI, b'uritran
Wnflinir'the InUch of blood, or of* cloth wrt with,
thr mrnilrual purgiiliona of wnmrn, at the an-
cirnt nuthnra any. Hut Ihotr that are nrquiilnled
wilh llir nliirr iixiirr iia Ihnt ihotr wnvra of liitU'
inrn nre drivrn alon^/uod by thr hand drawn to
thr phorr, and that wHih thry nrv driril by tha
warm ttrnnit from the rartli, and thr. force of
the tun, thry artr rut In pircei with airt and
'wrdgta, at tinibrrnnd ftonra are cut iirpiicei.
ClIAf. ytl.] Not fiir from thia lake arr thoia
plaint which arc rrhiird lo huva birn of old fer-
tile; and to have hud many rititt full of pern
filr,(i) but to hitvr liren liuri(t up by n ttrokr of
ightiiing; it it alto raid, that the footitrpt of
that drttrtii'lion ttill rriiiiiin, and that the earth
^ If npnenrt at burnt riirth, and hat lutt ill natu
o frrea gpru-
Hnd thr palm
" «nd,l>i'iiiill-
At toon
j tea. I hry f^ II npiienrt at bi
th ,i|a^rtrr,* Bl frrtilily: Mild (hat, na ii'n nrgunirnt thrrrof,
till thr pliin*H lliiil ■' ■■ '
I (trow of thrir own accord, or
arr planttjdJM llir lAnd, ivhathcr Ihry lirrive at
■ grJPni Mil hr^i, or pf ■ flowrr, or at coro-
ihril
firtr
inturltv, tMcoinr blBck and enipiy, and ai
vapi>){[ iMo nthia. At for iiiyajlf, at I
drc
nintii
it wrrn
am lyilling lo ftlldW (hut (hrte oner fiiiiiou
wrrr burnt by tin- from liravrn, to \\o\ifS I lup-
pinr thai thr rarlh It inlVcIrd with Ihdvapnrof
iliit^lake, and the tpirit for air] that )• over It
thrrcby corrupted, niid that by thia mr\nt the
he vrim (jnnke ni for fruitt of thr rnrth, both corn and groph^ rut
n knifr to cut them, iiwnv, ooth the toil and the air being equally
unw^oUaome,
'I'hr river Hrlua dors niao run into the tea oTv
Judea, and the aantit that are collected about ill
(c) 0i'r tlio clinroffrnnhy of Judra in Jotrphua, Of the
Wiir, It. ill. Nui-t. :i; wliniicti intwt pruhutily Taritua rrnin*
rd ilii.< .4inri nhrid^mrnt of it. It r«fnt'a in Inith auihora
nalMraliy iM'for** Vi-»|)Uaiiin*t tirai rjiniiMtiKii.
('/> 'I'iie lutlff hrHiioh of thia Tai'ilua mij;hi hnvs from.
Jiiw'phua.orihr VVur, B. Ui. cli.Ki. tccl.3,3,4. Thuolber
ia not in the prcteiit copira.
(r) Thi'tn acconiat uf Jordan, of ita fountaina drrivrd
flnini .MnuiitLilinnua, andorihr twolakra it ruitttlirougb^
ttiid ita ''%HWp!, .hy thr third, an) rxucily agreeable to' '
Juarjihua, (irJw.tt'ar,^ U. iii. rh. j(. «icl. 7,'j'.
(/) N<{>|it than 5H) furkMiKa loiin and ISO broad, in
JuM'nhoa, m\\u> War, II. iv. eh. viii. trx.X. 4.
,'(') Siralin aaya lliat a man roiild nut link into tha
u-ulrr of ihia lakr w> d(M-(t an lltr nnvl;).
(A) JtMN-phua nrvtT anya thrtt thia Iritumrn ,wat raat oat
at a rrrtaiii tinir oTihr yi-ar tinly, ami SiraUi ulytlhe di*
lint Plil ■ ■" ■
ary, lint Plihy i
rith T n n i tu
laniith, whi
.•d inlh Khi<
|l«.l«iMri<o
inethjiuaVi^
t'llAf \
potrd.,ol >
||l<W)ia: Jrri
'^KlMIII. Ill
mcnae woal
are Ike rilj
tempi* it r
Jew i.an CD
|lii;pri)'tlti
the Knal w;
thr Midi a,
llavt a llir I
(,/) Aflir
VHtIrd, kill
iH'ratitioni
llnrkti hi
which waa
rhanice for
wilh thr V
(*\Wp oil f
thai Ihr ji
Mtttnhiniii
wi'tM' not
wrS »rry
bixi r«|N'l
had rrrovi
Ihr aiitnr t
Ihiy inin
tliiiij^hlrr •
f till w. 1(1
UIMin Ihrn
high iTrii •
and aiillio
;, tiMi'. I
Ti-reii ihii
the rrporl
in wua no
and iiiyalt
thing 'ill
thru drill
Sooii' aflri
whrn tin 1
Mttrrj.ia A
got liJwac.
Viiuliuiy
•iryotidy.
Hufidurd
lIrroil:/n
hr ititl.iu
Aflir I
lug for tl
thr littr c
. bv [or nil
■J til lit Id
ccd, »nil
thrri; pill
I'ndrr
tinir Ihrj
lliitur ill
thry tl*")!
enif to b;
Cluiidi
clucud to
j.udrii lo
fovrriiei
'rlix, oi
fXtriivHg
witli Ihc
Dfuiiilhi
Kelijiwu
diua tbr
.(»)A.e
fuundatiu
(I) IH 'H
of inn Jn
Priariii. a.
k,Th
iibua.'and almnat mily from him ; out of wlintn. th'-rt-forr, (i) Thia fa riactly an-onlKti; to Jiwphua, and mutt
I ronrltid" Turitut took Ihc fincat part of hia rh'irir*"r Iriv- U-rn tukoii frrin him in tlir plurc li)rri-itrd,ond that
of thr J« wa I iiartirulnrlr tn'rauar it lapi i uli ir lohini, to far aa I know.
(t) Thia panirnlar Ikrl, that thrrr waa agnldrn \inr in all anrii|uit) 'I'hr ivat ihiiu/hl thu ritwa nrru in tha
la Ihr front uf the JrwH,h ti mpir, waa in all nriibabihty . ii r\ aami plat't, wlii rt; now thi Ijku la, hut Juprphuaand
taken by Taritnt out nf Jnarphua but aa Ihi* Ji'H lah * Xit« itua aav tin y wrrr in ita ni igli lorliuud only, which ii
prirtta WFrriKv'r aduriu d with i\y, the aiciiol of llac-Tltlr lUland't vpiiiHin alao.
vaai'
cauUuiil;
ahai, hvw IVitBi eonw to ima|iiH) thia, I cannot tell.
rt
nifc<r.RT.\TluH III.
ho ('tn7«ki
borne ™
Month, mhtn lh#y ml* nilrf wtlh •h»m, "f* ;»•■»» •
•il l»Ulul^Mi ihUwill <>• ••<"'•• I. but .MI..II, jMil
Ucwilkrinr Iha iito of ihii«« llii.l r.trj >w«rt. i.
iuc<h)iii<hfal>'. . , ,
I MAI' fill] A ([*•<•« p«rl o( JiiiUn i< r.iili-
m.«r.L.<.l ..i»M«r.il «ill..n.-; ;• l>»« kJ'" '"ri"-'
•WwViiin. In thai cii> tti»r<! »■• « tiidiili- •'( >i»
ra«n.« «»»iiUln i» •'•» ftr.l iwrl. llml ur. f..r«|l»il
■r« Ik* ri'r ""•'• '»^' """' '■"*'>"''"' ' »
l«iu|il« U f H'lumil in it« iiiixi inwiirrl m. «.i « A
J..W <«nr«.iiiH" (iillb«rlhiiii«ti<' K't»< M •'•'"''
till' i,rtii«t«»r« • »<luiliil liy (li.^lbrriliiil.l. \> liilr
llni>'.mtwa»uii.l«Hli«iloiMij»cil llw A»>riii»«.
(ha Mi>li». «n'l lh« l'«r.mnBpJ< *• *< "■ ./I -»
«l«v< « iIh' «i<>»< iimiiiiiiiii'. pij
(/) Aft. r tile il iioii o" lh» Mi'i'i'loBi ;tii» |ir.>
»iiil«l, kiiiu Xiiti.M liil« tii*0 tiMi>ii.|urClhnr'«ii
: |wi>litiiMi, miilfi intrif'l"'" Hi'' "UM""!" <>l «»•'
"tinrlltt but h« »ii« ili.ln.i|H>inK'il nl bi» (Iftun,
wbirb wm tn u'ln* ihi. mo«l |!r.>lli|?«l<' niitiun i»
chaiiKB I'T IIkm""'''' »'"' '•'"' ""• '••'' '"* ^'*',
" wilb lit.- IMrtbinm, f.ir nt tbf» tittm :*(*«*» Wl
I'liiliVi .III I from Ihit Mm. iloniOH.. j I li. " 1{ »».
tlmt tb.' ii-w Ml llMiK« »«<•' •'»• I", b. . M.j.. Ih»'
Mucibiiiinnt Wi-r.' b<!.'..nir wciik, tli.' I'»rtlil.<in
not yit v<ry |)..w.Tful, iiiol -lb.> KvumH.
f.WrrT»v.'r) mnoli': wbirb ktn|f» «b.ii lli.j Iw
b..ii .himIIimI by tliv molillily of lb. »ul)tiii-, iiml
bn<l r.'i'tfviri.l lli.ir iloriinioii by «iir, iilt<ni|il<'il
(h< •«ini^ tliinn* Ibiit liin|f» "••'' t.i .to, I iti<.>i<
Ih.v ihlroilu...! tbr (UHtriiClioi*. ol iiti<». the
.Inmtilir of hrtlhr. n, oy«iv.«. Mini |. in iits Imt
ftllJ w.ilt on in Ib.ir ,ufPI»lltion; t'lr tli.y took
U|M>n Hum »wthnl lli.^ h.inoniblr .b|{iiily "' »".•
hiKb (frii •thooil, «• » firm »«turit) to tluir poinr
.uJd mitliiirity. , . „ , .
iUi.U'. IX.] Tim firxt n( thi- Rimuin* thnt •oii-
4nH|lll| tbc J.WK wiw l'iii«'« I'oiiiiM in*. »'"' '"■
lerf¥ tbr' t>io|il<' by riK'I't <•( ^^"•'►rj. 'lli. ii( .
tlic r.|)oii »m "KTV wb. r.' .Uvuln<.l, Ihiit tbi n ■
in WMnoJMmK<M>fB Ifo.l, but iin imjily [iIuk'.
•H.I uiv»t«rif o"t««rr. I pbii'' ? tbfti bitv.' n.i-
Ibinif 'in tb«ni. lb. iv"IU ol J. ni«iil. m <Vj i.'
tbrn a.ilroyi !'•''"' ''" <""!''•■ <ontiniiiir»tiU.
Soon nflfrwi.nl nroif a .ivilw.ir itiiionK w, i>i|'l
wlirn tb.riin th<«'-)>ro\iiirJ'» w.r.- r.Juj-.'d i«iil.r
Miiri'ji' AntoiiiiiH. V'Hi'orii", kin.' ol lb. I'liilbruii-.
tot |iJ»f«<"<oJi of J«<l.'». I'Wt «:.•< biiiiMlI limn by
T'liuliiii \ 1 iiliiliu». iin.rtb.! I'l.rllti.iii. »vi r.' .Iiiv. ii
»i.-yomiy.<i|>ln-:>t<»: und for tb. /•»», Ciou So.lni
Hudiliii'J tlu-ni. AnIoniuH (;:iv<' ibc kmn'loio to
llfroil:/iiml wb.n Aiu:u«lui.funiin»r«-il Antoniui,
ln' »till iiUKniint. il it!^ . ., ,
Aftit- lltrod'n .l.iitli, on.' Simon, witbout iviiil-
*"*"*» ing for till! .Ii»|>o»ifioii of I 'ii-'iir, look unon bini
jbc title of liing, who win liroiinln to imiiii.bni» ul
by (or iiiiiljpr] Qiiiiitiliii'* \«i us wbrii lie wii»|<ni-
til. lit i>l Syria. Atlcrwtir.l th«' imlion wan r.ibi-
ccd, anil thn i;hililr.tH of lit rod guvmitd it lu
»hr<<; i)urliti.jin«. , , . ,.
l'ii.l*rTi««rim,the Ji!W»bad ri «t. Aflrmonic
tiling tlmy wcri' iiiioilitMl t<i nla..' t'niun <';r»iirS
•lafui' in tb« t.'in()le; but rather tliaii|»'rmil tbiit,
Ihiy tit-ik up nnin;(»i) Which •iditioiiwat |mt an
enilto by the diMlh of Casar.
Claudius aftirthi- kin(5« w. re rilh^r d« ail or rr-
cluctd tomualbr.iliuiiiuiout.gavi: the iiroiinri' ol
ju(l« a to Koiimn kiii^lrt,'. oi to I'r.ud iu«u, lo b>
Kovtrned by tb. ni. Anioiip whom wai Aiitomu^
F. lix, on«>thut . X. rri»< d all kind of bnrbiirity and
extrnvagniir.', at if Ik.' ha'l royal amthority, biil
wiUi Ibc iii»po-iitioii of a -lave. He bad iimrvuil
Dmkilta th.- grau(ldau(5b(.:r of Antoiiiu<i, i>o that
Felix WB« trie erauddauKliKi'.* huabanil. BudCUu-
diiisi th« gniniTiun of the sailn; Antoiiiu!i.
(W A great ulaudcr againirt H"' J''»". williu^i any ju>t
fooiid»tiuO. J<wi.huii would haw iiili.tnud turn iH'ltfr.
^ 08»
il!ii>iiAi..«»B>Hik Xtl.' m
l»t T h.' thai wa« Ihf broth, r of Talla*, WlWW
■iriHtiw »«• I .lu.diil ii.'t ail with th.- <am« ino-
,!. ration I ..« dill VmIIxi hiiu«lf.l II.' bad b. »in
K I nhili »((»» Ml our Jiuba. and Ibou^bt ha
uimhtbi n>iiil» ol Mll»'>rt«of wlik.dii. •• with IW-
punity, »bi|. II. rUinl tHl.«o lur.' ail aiilllWlty.
Th. Jl. «. bid iCUiio«iKi%rii n «»" hihu of mnII^
(ion . an 1 1 »i n aift r the d.Mlh of (,itMi« » a> known,
null til. \ h.id not ob.y|..l hit .oinnrilid, tUrrr tf
niiiiii.irn il.nr. r of liar, li«t »oinr bilMii' priw a
,bonhl riiiuv tltut •■ H«nd, |(or Ibr ..liiun >t|i
lilt' prnn.'« .lalw ill tlwirlMiipl. j And in Iha
UK.iiitinii |.ti»,b\ III.- !«.■ of Mil«'..« ibl. r*-
iiirilt.i, 111. W up Ibi i-oal4 of M.lltloiiiiil.iu ItaAia,
mul wa. loolalid In In* paitiii-r ill Ho |to»»rn»
ml III, \ . iilidiii.t'uiiiauu.. lb. .•ouiilr) bi lUK lhi»«
diudid bslrtr.u tli.ni, lliat tb. u.itioiiol lb.' (»»•
ld.an» w. "• uiidir I'liinunu*, and tbr >,oiiiirit»n«
uiid.i' I'.Ik wbirb two nation* W.f.' ol "hi at.
variaiii. . but iioW, oiil of null, nipt ot Ib.ir go-
Y.rii»r», ilhl 1." n •train lK.ir h.itnd, thi ) linn
tw jr;iil to pbindrr onr nn.rfbrr, in •«••• t" l«»t***
Iff rojibir», lo li< ill wail, and >.oiiM,liiin » to nijl.t
Imlll... Mild willial lo brink .p-iU aiil or.) to tb«
iirator''. i Cunoinin and I i In. i V\ h. rinjk.n
!• proiMialirri> louiu t in^ooi: )<t wb.ii th*
iiii'ibiff K''»* riMi-idirnlib'. .oldu r. ». ri «<hI
Mipii. I Ib.ni, bnt tto- noldit r. w.r. kill.d; Mnil
lb.' prounru had b. i ii in tbr iLinii of war. had
ii..t Unadi^atu", Ihf prfKidiiit of Syrni. atlor''*''
bit Ml i.lnnir. Nor wa. il h.in|{ in ili.pul.' wht-
ihi r llu- J. ««. who bad kill, d tbr noldii rn in III*
iiiulini Kliouhl !>«• put to .bulb: it wa* a^r^.d
lb. y lihonlddi*; oiiU Cuiiiaiinn anil K«lit on- 1-
»ion. rd a di hiy,. for Chtu.liu*. M(ion h. anun l|n«
tuuH* a. lo tlilj r. b. llioii. had ((ivrn f ijuadralii. |
ttutliontv to .1. Il rniiiU: tbf ra..'. «vi n a« to lUa
procuriiiom th.nu.lv*.: but Qiiadralu* »li"W*d
r. Iix BimoiJt III. jw'n' •• »•"' •'H'i' him inlolii" ».i»t
of judniiuiil.onpurp.o.- tli&t he iniKht .li.i i.Hr«j(#
bi'<' Hii'««r«. So ( iluiaiiiu wa« ooiid. luni.d l..r
tho»<' lliiiiliiiin Mitioiu. of wbichbolb In uimU'V-
lix hall bull K'lilly. »l''l l'*^^'"-'" """ ittiur.il to
the nro\iii('r. («)
ijlo.ik V. Chap. X-
■ 111 pntiini-f till r.n«iui
^.^
■r. Inid.T him it wat
. II (;i'«liu> liMllut. thr
ipt.'d to npp. a<r il. and
K.'nvrally with ill liic- .
J*
A'c »)f liii- War.
- — (I) l lt'lB h t' i j ia Jmi'p ii
of Ihn J.wi prrlinilaary to the last war.
(^■riiiw raiiip tn PplnmiiM. tti-' pre <it- nl'iil'Syria. in
vai^lmlwrs. hal witiioui nnn-. uiiil .,- hmiil.l.; «n|i|.li.
caiitluiily. See Tiuiut V ^n'b. «'' "■ I"- al i'»""»
V ill
XloM'Kvl.lt. tH
Klorii* w:v» iiri
dial till: war
pr<'*idi 111 of
irii'd mrral \fk
tpon hi* il. atii, (o) whethrr it ram. by fair, or
tliiit b.' wuH wpiiry vf hi« life, i« iim'.rtJiin. \ ft-
nii'ian had (be biVtirtif, by hit r.putidion and «•»-
i«lli III ollii'ix-'. and « viiloriouKMriiiy, ill tb.'.nac.'
iif two ■oiuimi r«. tinnaki' hinn.lf inatli rot alllU.'
olirn louutry. iimluf all the .iti"*. J< ru.aliin t\-
''P'*''' >- . », . I .J. ^
I biviuii Vc«iia«ianili'. whom N»ro had «fli.|«i(»
for hi* ){imnd, nianaKed th.' JewMh^tvar wiUi
tbr..' l.-|ijiuit. Ili.lor. II. i. iliap. JO. , -
'I'biMiext vtar. whifb t^a* eiiiploy.d i^iirrtvil
war j at hoiiii". ] to far a. thi- J.W» w< ri .•on(<'rm;J,
imtMil over in neai*. When Italy wa* |)aiifie I,
the care of for.TKu parit wat reviv. il. 1 h» J"»»
were the 6nly people that «liM)d out, wbii;h in-
.r. a.ed the ta|>e [of 111.' Roiinu.. j H ' .^at all..
llion),'liit niott i>roper that 'I'ltii'" tbould 'lay with
tlie army, to preveul any acini, nt or iiii-forlun»
wiiiih the new Rovernuient mitsht l>e lial)le to.
Vctpa.ian had nut an end to the Jewi«h na-
tioh: the »iei{e of Jerutulrin wat the only 'nlj.f-
prise rrntaining, which wa;. a work hani ♦nd ibf-
liiuJt, but rather from the nattin: of the iiiouulain.
m\» thit raalK-r «I«m»I liuht. arroriliuit In J.*-,.liu., artd
1j» wavof corre''li"ii. f"f ib»' aermint i* iii liH uiinnii.
Wl.irliw.in wrillenanec 111!*, wld.li il in l"« ,'n«i">l,'«.
.f'r'
li. l ii l .i, n i H
-rtr->
III) Il.'re t.. Ill* In If a sreai inli<Oil.
allt.ii* in Tarlias. »«■ ^>f It... War. Il.di. il. «.l.»<i'«-. -•
(»' J.i-iiiUu- 'IV* iiciliii.i- .if tho il.iiili ..I < ■ tcia*; «
Tucilut «.iaii loliuvc klaiwa noihini; ia iMMiottlai»l«.jut
"• 3D2
h
♦
.J-
fiM
■^^
W
DIMRRTATIOW III
, l,.r«.i.» »hr iMti.ifl U»<i •IK,.|lh .m.unh I'. *»•
r«i3r lo«uni..il [«•»• r»«l*r| il>«t V.i|«.i«i» hini
wilh him «hr»«i l»nl«««. i»»U •»«rrii«a lu (»»r.
llUtnr. tNink ii. cNm) 5. ]
When V^tiKiiUii «« * vrfy youn* iimn, U !•••
iiramioxl liim «h«» h* •>'"•'•«' •'»»»•• •* '.'" '^*'»»««
pllrli --r (»nw l«»» whrtltliil «r»l of ill «♦•« •"
eunfiriii llm (.m#ii. »•• l«i» lriuiii|>hi, kihI <on««l-
*hl|l. mi'l Ih* ||lori»« «l Lit m lorici .i«rr lh« J«i»«.
Wli.n h« hwl onf« i.liUm«il lh««r. ht lirli»n"i
il MM |iorl*i»l«il ttMl K» «hgalil foiiie lo lh« riii-
** Tiwr*. U h«»w»»n imUn hiiiI Hyrl« ■ mouHuin
MKlkCmt, bulhr*ll«ii hjf th« immr iif I Hriii»l.
IhouKhour i.r.«l. •>«•«>" Imvr iiir.iriiit.l «• fh»t
IhU »[.i<l l.u,l iLMiiiiiKiMiml iwi li>iiiiilr,»ii<t i"''""'
no iiiori' Ihnn »a i.ll»r miil iolnun w.ir»lii(i. Vt..-
uMwn wii. oiiO' ollnriiin • •mirillcf »''• f. «« »
tiiil* Whrii h«- tiiiil •oiii« ir.r*! Hiciunl.t m hu """O i
Ih« i>fi«»i. who.« iinni* *»»• B«»itiil»'». whrn lie
«v»r •ml I'vrr lnokul "t Hi« «nlritil«, •uil, » "l"|-
•ian, whilrtitr Ihc.u «! ulioirt, wlifUirr lh« l.iiilil-
ill! of Ihv hdinr. or riiUrR«iii«'i>l of Uiy lamf*. or
nuKiornlnljoii of lliy tUvi". «h«u »'« Kr»nti-»l ■
milcUty tritt, v«Ty Inrifo lioumU. mv I""*" ii'i'i'«"
of iii»ii. TlnsM' iloublHil mww'r. wirn looo
tprrml iilmul liy fiirn*. »"<! »» •'"« ""'"' ♦*•»• 'V
plHliinl; aor W»« i>ity ihirtR •" ni>i<h m \<»M\<:
voffiir. *n<l viry mmiy ili»<i>ut«i'« of Hint imlii'*
wirr ni«Jr btf..i<' linii, iiikI the iii()r« In ciiu.ii Ui^y
fi>n>tol>l *»hiil l>r «'\p«Tri-il.
Murlnnu* nml Vrii»ttfiHiiiu wrnl iiw«y, Imvlnu
fully Bunnl i;ii lli'ir il< .Ikii«: ••■" formrr lo An-
lM«ll, ihelMller 1" <•'"■>" 1. Antioi:li i« lh.-ni|.i-
litl of S\ n*. Kiiil t-'urwiTS th« iiioiIb oI Ju.Uiu
Tlin ((HiMiKDCinMOt of V'M|«tinii • mUami iiii nt
I III! conMlirnuiiiiiin "■ • M|l««li<" - — -,.
lu (lir empire «»« •» Ale»iin<lrii«, wli.rc lilic-
riui Aluaiider iii»<l«< •u<h h.-tr. ihut lie oWigwl
rit ('(v<«r, M liy Ihr Mtti* (ml't t«K|(fallon, U
Irrnil iii'mi lorn wi4li hi* foul. V>i|«<mn ■! Artl
ItrHiin lo UhkIi M llitm. iikI In rfjvrt thain, *a<l
whtii Ihry wi ri> in*l«nl wilh nioi, ko MiiH'llnKt
fr«r»ii h* •lioulii Im«« the n |mi((iIioii of • vain
pcraon. mkI tooirllMO'a uiuin Ih* lolicitiilioii of
Iho inllritt, lir ikllrrvil liloitrlf, iinH o(b«n llal-
t«rMl IttMi with Ihn hop* « of turi >»il|ii|(. Al Uil
h« onl«)r««J lh» |ihyiii:Mn« l» ki»« lh»ir opinion,
whvlhvr (hi* tort of IiIiiuIikm uml Unifiitat
wrr« I iimtiU hy lh« art of ninn or not f 'I'll* iihy-
•ki»n«un>wrr<'il ■mrfUiiili, llmt the on* liwl not
hi* «l«ii>l fHriilly iilirrly ilralroyi'il, uml lh*l II
inifht iMt matoriil, if ih«oli>t»<'l<iwrr* rfNiovoli
(hitl lh« olhrr'a hnilia wvtv ilKonterfil, Iml if •■
iiriiliHK »ir|uD wirr onxlr iiic of, lh»y wrr» ••»•
imIiIk ipf IwiiiC liiinl« wholr. I'rrlwiw, aiiiil lh«T,
ihii Koila »t» williiilt lo i««i«l, mill lltal Ihr Mup*-
rof la ptiii»rn l»y iTitiiic iiilrr|Ki«llioiii how»»rr,
Oiiy aiiiil •! Iii»», thai If ihi- ciirai mi reriltil, <:«>•
mir woulil hiivB ihi' Rlorj, if nol. llo' |Mior iiii.r.
rttt>4« offjwl* wwtH «»ly '»• UogUiJ ul. \\ h»r*-
upon Vf'pnainil iiiiNKUifil ihHl lo« rcmmI (■irdlim
wouiil )>• Miiivirtal, miil llial nolliiiiK on llinl »<•
coMUl i-oulil Ur ini'r<'ililil< , «o hi looltfil rh< t rfulljr,
anil in <h<' aiKliI of llir Miulli<<nl*'> who >loo<l in
(;r*at i-iiMCliilion, ho iliii whiil ihiiy ilmirnl him;
iiiionwhii'h IhflHiiii' haiiil tiu« r<ro»tr«'il,»l|"l ihf
hiiiiit miiniKMr iiiiiiixlinli Ij. tl«'lli lliia«nuri'«(r)
lire rilaliil lo llii> il"y '') llfo.i. Ihal were pru-
M-nl. uml whin »p«'«liiii){ fnUily will grV M" "•
waril.
liiNiK v.— riMP. I,
At ih^lirKimiinK of llpf Mil"' y"" Tlliiii r*«»r,
who ><*« pill liiil o|'oii liy hi« f.ilhrr lo fli)i»b lh«
I'oiiqU'^t of Jiiilrii, himI nhilo holh ho nnit lii« II-
Ui«r «i rn privntu |>rr«onH, waa filKhmltil for hit
tiia li|ioiia lo lake lh« oatb of liiUlily lo. him on
th« fall n-U of Jiilv. which win i.terMIrr riU-
hrnti cl B> the ijii) Ql hia iniU|(urBtioiy1illhough (if)
UWr *'•"•■' |iri»«»«i |r»-i»wn-*, »»■••»¥> «.. .. ...-
iiiarti»l rumliirl, nvUA how with ftrrnhr vijor,
uml tii)|irii of ri'piitiaioi), the kiittl iiM'linnlioni
the triiiv in Juilm h«<l l"»«i> •>« ""'I' "" ""
dflh of Ihr nonra Of J«l.v. wWi IhHl .«iiKtrn»M
that Ihry wouhl not alty for bia aon Titua, who
waa lh»n on Ih.- nmil. reluming out ol i*yriB,
Hian. T«. Vt«|iiiiii«n il«liviTtd ovrV the mroii;<i"l
part of hia foreea lo 'I'itua, trt enable htm to hiii.h
what r.Mii»ineil of tbr Jewiih war. Hut. hook I*,
r.hnp. 51 . . » . . .
DurinE thfae nionlha in whft-h Vfapiitian con-
liiiuiHl al AkiBnilria, wnitinj; for Ihc unuiil aiil
tiiim of till' iumiii«r galea ol wln>l, iiiiij .tiivfil
for aetllril fair wri.lh.-r at ••«. nlany •"'™<;."'""»
evrnb happincl, by which Ihe good will o I heii-
Vfo, ami i kind Of inclination ol Iha Ueily in liu
, f«»ur waa declared.
A crrlnin luan of Ihn vul|?ar tort at A einn-
drin, well known for the decBy of hi« eyea, kiiiel-
pd down by him anil «rroan*d. nnd IwgKed of liiiii
Ihr cure of hia b!indn««e, ut by the uduionition
of Scnipia, th»l Rod which thia »iip«r»lilioii, n«-
' iion woriihipa almve olher*. Hr aUo dealred that
the .-miivror would be pIcBied to put »oiii« of hia
apitlle upon til.' balli of hi* .yev An'>(h»r iii-
. firm man tlirre, who waa lame of hu band, pray.
/.) Jom-phua takra notlca In »«etal of ihMo manr
oni< ii» of Vi'«pa»i»n'« iiiUancoini'nl t« Hi" i-nipir". ami
di»iiiirtW uilil* liH own ri'mnrkoliln (iriiiliclioli ut il aluo.
' tKllii- War. U. ill 'Jinix viii. "cl-S— '•■
(o) Tliiii a/'*»«;f* »■ *il« 'o ■"•I''.'' '""' •<>«pa*i«n «n«
(iriiiiiimcd im|»'."r in Ju.U'a Iwforojio wa» io pfuclaim-
2>il at Alrximilria, n« ih" wiml' hmiiry ol Jimphun im-
*- nlira. and Ihe itlao! wlieroimw VMnaUmn wm, which waa
■.lolhi'r than Juili'o,r.iiuiri«al«<i.ihiiuKh 111! iiiaiisiiriilten
4av miaht l» rtli-brali'ilaftBrwnnirrmn hi»lir»i pri«-laina._
I U.I1 ai I ho iri'at nil y Ali'xaiiUriii, uiil v I h-ii i hv iiomHot iilra
tu •IViiuii anil Hurinniui fnuil bt of JUIH*! and mil "f July-
anil iiiipi-. Ol ri'piiiiitniMt I'll' •""» *"- iJiona
both of Ihf |irovii)i'ei and of ilia arnurt alrivinK
oii« with Hiiolher who ahould moat eiicour«n«
hink He wai iiUo himaclf in n diapoiition to thow
Ihnt he waa more than eipiul to hia fortune; ayd
when he appenrrd in nniia, he did all tbin|r«Bfl*r
am-h H renilv and ifrBCiiful WHy, IrrnliiiK all after
•urii tin all'iil>|e nianner, and with aiiih kind wnriN,
H« iM»il««l the tnod-will ami nood winhea ol all.
He Hp|i*arcil aT«i in hia iicliim« iind in hi* place
in Ihu. troop-.; he niiietl with llio common aol-
(liera, yet without any alain to hii honor aa k ge-
ninil. (») He wna riceived in Jiidru by three
IvaioHf, the fifth, and the tenth, and Ihe fiflecnth,
who were Veapaiiau'a ohi aolcllera. Syria alto
alTordeil him the twelfth, and Ahxiinilriit toWiera
oiilof the twihty-aecondHiid twenty-thinl IrRioiia.
Twenty cohorta {I) of auxiliarien occompuiiied,
aa »Uo eight troopa of borne. ^
King Agrippn alto win there, and kinK *'"*■
nma, and the nuxiliariea of king Antiocbiia, and
n alrong biMly of ArnliiBna. who, aa la uaual in na-
tion* Iniit are iieighbora lo one another, went
with Ihinr accustomed hiilred (igainat the Jewi,
"iilh niiiny othira out of the city of Koine, at
rery onii'ii hop.* led l)ini of getting early into
Keneral't favor, btfore othtrra should prevent
the advancemunt both of Vp*pa»lan and Tilua to Joae-
'iihu*. which two wire lo Im hia thiiai-n iiii(lr»mi;nl« in
iiringine im Ihnt terribin diinlruclinn upon llin Jirwi«hiiB-
Jliiin, whii-h lie had tbnuli'tM'>lli>i'«''i'Ul« tiylhe«^ Uonian
f arniiua. Nor roald any oilier Ibimnn pi-nefal* ihan V»a-
paniarand Titua, at that linii-. in human iirobnhdily.hava
prt'V^Wed "vi'i thtt Ji-wh. and di-ntrnyi-d JeroMli^in, arthia
whole hinliity in JiwMihua implift. Jiiai-|iha* aluo ever.
wlw-n-»up|»iiii>« Vi'ii|«iiituiand Tilu*rai«Bil up lo command
oeainm Judca and Jnrunalem, and lo i-oveni Ihu Roman
empire by Pivinn Priividcnce, nnd mil in iImi ordinary
IV : a* «liii>, hn alwaya i4Mpp<iii<-» Ihl* dettractiu'i a diviaa
I'lVi i ii ii anilit u rinn i u i niutiDe w juni-i^nn"""" ^"'i- . w»t "- '''•\V" i ' r . i T.. .\Z.
(eiTho mirXcubu'curi'.doiliibyVi.ipn.iannri'alic.iid t ^d^cnt on Ihi! Jew. or ihiir aina. .„..,,.,..,.
I.A. Ih by Bu" oniuTin Vc.,«..«n. u>.^7. nnd by Din. p. | '^{>} T|.i» clmraci^r nl Titu. «Rrc«. exactly Vith thahla-
« 7 and Jvin lo i^»cll alU'ited. Our Haviour wenw ; tory of Jo«-phu« upon all oicn.mna, „,. ^ .„
?o li'iv" o^r ul 'd jKiuhen oracle of Hornpia to priH^uft, (0. .The-i iwinly cohort, and olrlit '""j; "J^"'" ,
^*.duirar.<iii»oV,..im.iaii-«ad.niM'..H.i.ltotbo not directly enumfraled by Juaephu.. OflhoW»r,B. v.
tnpiu of KomtilR fujgeKti-d the like api.ralwtjiin to ! chap: J/*Bclvft_ .'. -'■ : ■ ■ ■. - .■' ^
Pvni |
■!-'
'■%'m
«v-
N
D19MERTATI0N ftf,
tot * ll«ll( •t'l*
tl« MlArwl tM» lh« boH«« or ik« t«^i«»
ciM«<«ry -ilh »h.«' ft.rf«« I" ""f' "«*" "' *•"
•ii<l l....liiii« 1 •rtlulljf •'«'"« him. •B.I Iwing r»»-
~«ly for ti«in», h« jiUcb^U III* r«ii|i nol far Iruw
■'""ur'x.l Wh.» Ihwfof.. »»• hMl »il«N..I
hl*rai"i>. " "• ••»' J"** "•'"'■ »"*'>'*•"'' *••••
'of J»ru«l»i»t ti« |Miiii)><.inly •hiiw»il »>«• •••
ttUmt («) r»*l» f'>r ■" •nK«»iHriU.
J MAI- XI I 'lh« Jrw. rTirmwl lh«lf rBrnfi «••
4«r Ih. ..r, «r.ll. {») |..f Ih. . Ilj i ) W-l t< IW
|H<r»«nl«l, lh»* r»».l»«l i» »«n»ur. (urllirr. b«l
K lh*y min hr«»rii l(»rk, th«l w»« »hr»r |il*>ii
of rr(\iKr. Whm * lHHlyort»»iilr> (w)w»r« Mil*
Mriin«l III'-"'. •"'• •"'•> •'>•"• i">liiirl». Ihtti w»«
•"iM'tliHi hikI imiitilf. thr "Kl't w«Kh>iil>»f«l i »«»
iimn iiflirwiir<l lb* rMriiil«» «■»• gruuii.L •n<l <>»
(h* f.illnwiiiK <liij« «h»r« «»«f» fr»<|i»«iit tkiKMUIi-
•»lwfnr« tl»- K»t'». •'» "rt" •"•«* '"••'• 'r'''
worn (Irivrn uiUt thr rll) . 1'hr Kum»ii» ln*l» «»"
(iHik »lirB)«rl»»» In tlw .HH*. tot H <li<l H'>t •«••"
ImiKiriihU li» •!•» «ill Ih* *n«i)ir» »rtr« rnlucwl
b. liMiltiir. (*) Th" •■il'lir** mrnTrri n^rr to
•>iMM« itiriiweUn to lUiigiTi, t>iirt of Ihriii out
Qf trua v»l">r. i|t«ii) »'<< "' • t"«»»'l n«rr»iii",
•ml out of • cl».ir« of r<'W*nl«,
I'ituK liHil H»iM<-r»hil Ihn ncfirt •n<l |il«'^»i»"'»
of II, Iwlorn lii« ••}••, »ll whirll •••It" <l to •'<• •"••
Ionic <l«'l«/«<l. unl»«« JtruMkro coulil 1"" •"""
ilr>ir»y<'il. ■ .... I .,
rim city (y) tin*! o" • hi((h *l<v««i"n, nml it
hml «r«-»l wo'l" *'"' rm"|""'« •" •••<m*«Jt. •»<■"
■• n«r» •ulli.rnil lor itn rorlifi.Ktion, li«.l it I)*'"
uil plain uroHMil. fur tlirr* wrro two hill«, of i»
»«»l lielitlit, wliK'h »»"•«• <ii''lo«'il birWBlU iim'i"
cruokwl by •rl. or (iwlunill) 1 Ixmllin Miw»r<li.
thit th«iv might fl*nk th.- l..'.nKrr«. aiKl <;'•»«
.Lrtnonlhrjii iii<lew^y«. 'ni" .Mn iii«- imrl. of
thr rork w.rr rmgic) ■"'•'' »he t(»w«rt. wb«n lh»y
liRil lh« •ilvoiitiiifi' of the uroun.l.wi-r* nitty li«t
hlth: whin th«y w«r« built o.ii tin- plum Kroun.l.
tb"y w«r« mil built lowrr than c buiidr. .1 »ml
twenty f«'t; lli»y w^rt' "f uiicoiiiiiioii lM«uly,
•ml to thott who lookf.l lit ihrni at • an.at ili«-
taiK-r, thry i.riuiHr*<lual. Other w«U. tlirr..
were lH>a«»th lh« roy«l pnlar*'. hr«i<lM thi- tower
of Antonia. witb it.toppiirtirularly cOBMilcuou..
It wii» called «o by llcfoil, in honor of Marcui
Antoniiia. . . ,., ..^j ,
CliAP. XII.I Thft trmpli! w«i lika • ntml.l.
haviiir wall* of it* own. which ha.I inor« labor
■ml p»ln« bt itowed on them than the retl. I he
Cloitter* wherewith the temple wa. enclo.e.l
were an excellnit fortilicKtion.
• Th«y had a foimlain of water that ran perpetu-
ally, and the oiounliiinn wer*' holloweil umler
{round; they bad moreover |)ooli{t) and ci.lerm
lor the preierviltion of llie ruin wider.
Tlity that built thin rilv lore»aw, that from I be
dlflerenoe of their comfuot of life Irom their
neizlilHir* th*y nhould lm»« fiKiueiit war«;
tlmnce it r»»w to p«M, thiit they hud provi«lon
>«• Af>er I'nAtiiey't i-»n«|Me«» all*
tkeir ftiar »n.r»»iwtitM'e h«l l«u||hl lh«IH «'fM-
rmlty what the* •houhl wanV. (■>
*' iha r ■
rmlly wliat me; •noMiu waiivi"^ , .
Moreixer, Iha ro»«l«ul leWfia* »•• fefMiMM
UkJer « laudiu*. K«>« lb* Jr«(t an op|k>rlunl«]r ol
HarrhaiiiiK (or money <») l.a»e lo (""ily inni^
Uwi to thej built walU III lime of |w(n». «• tr
rera |.Hnf to war/ ihef i>em«t |i(U(ihail«cl
|b»r by (how t»l« mulutudri iil |i*«bI«
iliretl lltilher (in »h» ruin >>f Iha oiber>i ilfM. '
fi
raitt*
lient e. aa li
they
in Miii|l
that r»lir«l ihilherijiiHn rmn >«l IM tiiiier>i-niM.
tiirevi-ry oluiinala felhifr Un away ihiihrr, •!«
there Im ram* iMori' wdllKIIM ihiiii brttire.
There «>re three faplaU* »nd «* iimny aniilet.
Hiinon had the renioUlt and Uri^tl |Mrl* nf tb«
walU under him. Job*, who w«« iilio tailed liar-
liiortM, [lha ton of Oioraa, { bad ibe mhldle (larta
of th« iity umler him: anil ►^■aiar bad furliAetl
iha temple iimtIi. John axl >mion were au))*-
riiif in mullitinl«««nd ■tryi»|(th of arnia, KUaiar
WM Wperior by. 1lea-\|>«i(M>n, liut l.alllea, fae-
lion«, aiiil liurninBa. were lommon lo ihem allf
Mu) • great <|u«ntity of Torn waa coiiauiued by
Ar*. Afler a while Juhu acatauuie. who, unUar
the peril n<*e of ollt riiiK amriliie, mifht alay
Kleainr and hia body of Inivp'.-wliiib Ihtji did,
and got the timple under tlnir |M>wir. ^o the
cily waa noW parted into two farlioua, iinlil, upon
iherominK of the Kiiionna, Ihi* war iibnmd pro-
duced peare belwetii it ihiit wer«' at bume,
CHAt-. XIII I Sorb ii|odiKiea(f)lmil IwpiMllr
ed, aa thi* nation, whiclt la aupjr>liti.i»» eiM.iigh
ill ila own way, wouhl H.it a){ree lo i «pmU' by
Ihe ceremoniel of the Human *. Union. ii..r would
Ihey aloM* Ibp i[i«la by Miirillcra and vowa, aa
Iheae uled lo do on thr Uki' iiii.««H(ii> Arnd*«
were aeen to fight in the ak),liml Ihiir armor
looked of • bnnliVtight color, and the l» mpl«
ahotia witb futlilin Haahta of fire Out ol lh»
clouda. The dooraof the leuiplr wi re oprneil on
n audden, and a toice urenlvr than limimn wat
heard, that the goda were ri tirinx. mid »l the
•nme time there waa a great motion |M'rri i»eil, ■
aa if Ihey were going otil of it. which aome eolreni-
ed to he cwiaea of terror. The K"^'" ' part had
a firm lielirf that it waa conlaineii in the old a«-
cerdutal hooka, that at thia very time Ihe f.aat
would prevail, iind that aomv Ihni cnme out ol
Judea ahould obtain Ihe empire of the world,
which ohacure oracle foretnlil Veapnaiaii and 1 1-
tut; bill IhegeiW'nilily of the i ommon |m ojde. M
uaual, indulged their o^n iilclimiliiiH". mid when
Ihey hall once interpreted all to lorelmilr uramleur
to llirniaelvta.adveriily ilaelf could mit perHlwl*
them to change their minda, though it werif from
1 fuUehooil to truth. (J)
' \V« hiive lieen informeil, that the number of
Ihe betlened, of every iigr. liud' of bolli aewa,
mule and female, wn« "in huiidrtd tliouaaml. (i)
There wen; weapona for all lliat could I'nrrjf
them, and iuor« ihun could licexpef leiljl.irlheif
numin r were bold enough to do »iJ. The inefl
and Ihc women were tqually oliatimde ; unci wheii
fa) Thl«wuriiiiiTiiriiu>,pp»if(ni»/jr»»<i»'iK/ liitli>||ioii>,
. ' :<• .1..:. .............a .,l...u> uiliii-li tua» Hifnm RiontnB
■'Pt
(a^ Thia i« Taf llu«'a or llio Rnmnna' own hypirtlieai*,
loik. .. If ihal .-.-l-H" •'"•« «'■'-'• r",nvrH v* 1 "'r/r)""C «.^« Ze" '.r the J.W. in l.aihl .he wallaef
afle,*«..l,h,J.«;i.hi.i,raHinhiam .UftlH. War. H. v. | ^Jf^J^^^;^,\'^J,;^i,,„i,.r^,,i^^^^
^i ¥ir «-!u ..iek.,i„«. an., baiiioa ™.»r .hj^wMUef ' i7l«■''fv'^-"->:c:::,;^^'^ill''::■,,.^!:rih:;!'x::.
"'?i'i i-enh«a .iMlinnlv m-n-iona ll,eaoho,.en,e,,„„ra. | from envelou.-M V' I"'''::;!",^'''' ;'V'*;;.;,,:r.i'id
mre al.tved ottl by ftnm.o. B m i"-phna. Of Ih. War, P" «"».'' *> ',;;.|y,|*" .,„, •^,;.,' '.„ „ l.rfe in J.-. ,
I al l lii - p u lilla
'V" '' !:!:^V" ' y ' L:\"'^.',''.r^ 1^: <:;•,■ n.v.rh..i. jlUu-. hat ,. n,.r.^ m , . im . i » .i .bu
m i iw y aa i
(:) OflhP
(:)■ ()flhi^!^«i;ii'Wph;»,W."W;r.n.v.rh..K ■»•»• I";";;, ^ {;. ^^ K v Viv^, " i :: Tfwh eh 'aillht
. .ell! 4. Til- 'i-i.TM. ar. n.,i , ^mo.l lyr h"" hen;, ehar. V h^^
J'abaline,!!™ i. |i.3«». , i".jo,u,j;«..pl,u.im|ilie«,UtUio War, Ik vi.cli.u.ae«l-a.
628
)k
DISSERT ATltm IIL
they iupiwtml tlicy w*fe to be curried away c»p-
tivti. ttiiy wrru iiiorv afraid o( VtCi: tliuii of death.
Aguiiiat Ilib rily and nation Tilu< Cwiar rer
tolv<:d to fi);ht,'l>y rniiiparta uud ditclict, liiice
iUa «ilu*tiuii of the placu did not admit of taking
It hy ntnriu or nurpriac. He parted the duty
•mung thfi^ legiuni; and there wrru uo further
cngaitiiiieJiti U|i(il whaltrrr had been invented
for the takiuK of citiva by Ihti aiicit|il9kUr by the
ingenuity of the uioderna, wn* got ready.
ANMAL.-^'Uook XV.
• Nero, in onltr to »til1e the rumor, ^B• if hini-
telf hiid act Kuuie on fire,] aacribjMl it to thoac
people wlio were hat«d fyr tlwir wicked priicti-
tea, mid cidled by the vulgar, Chrjxtian*; tlitae.
ho |)uniHhe<l jxipiisitily. The author of Ihia
name w»» Christ, whi», in the rerg.n Of Tiberius,
' was broiiglit ti> nuiiishineut by I'unliuH l'ilali\
^hc procur»toPi(y') iVor tlie prexeiit thia'uerni-
cioua biiperiitilioii wak in piirt eupure»»ed, but it
brake Out ajjaiii. liotf only ovtr Judta, whence
thia niischieHJr»t apriiig, but inthe city of Uonia,
alao, whither do run Iroin every cjuurler, and
'make n'nuiae, all the flngruiit aiid ehHiiiel'ul eiior-
iiiitit'S. At first, therefore, thofc nere#eiied
who confessed, ijner (vast niiiltitude wVre de-
—s teeted.by tlieni, ami W^re (•onvielt<l, not no much
•. , aa reiilly guilty uf aettiiig the city on lire, but us
hating all iuMnkiml;'i>ay> they niudc a laock of
thiiii ns they |i( liilied^Jind destroyed them by
piiltiug them into the iskiiii of wMd beasts, and
'■ sitting dogs umm thcni to* tear iheiii to piei-js:
ioiiie were iiuikd to crosses, and 'others llaiiied
to death: they were' al«k> Uf«<l •» 'he night-time
instead of, torches for jlluiuiii»,tioii. >irVo had
olfered Ilia oWn irardei| for Ihn apectacle. He
also gave tlieni Circem(ian games, and dressed
.hiniself like the driver bf a chariot, sometimes
apjaeuring ninong the coaiiuun |)COple, and S(»iiic-
times ill the circle itfcell';. whence i« commisera-
tion nro.-e, though the nuniahmeiits were- levelled
at guilty persons, and liuch as deserved t» be
made the most ^ngi-ant eliamples, as if these peo-
ple were destroyed, not ft^r the public advantage,
• out to satisfy the liarbarftiis humor of one man.
N. B.SiM<:e l_liavc set down all the vile caluni-
j^nies of Tacitus upon the Christians ns well as the
Jews, it will be proper, bel'ure 1 coine-to my ob-
servations, to set down two heathen recoitls in
their favor, and those harilly inferior in anliqui-
iy, and of much greater i^utliorify than Tacitus;
I mean I'liiiy's Kpistlu t4 Trajan w'hen he was
proconsul of Itythiiila, with Trajan's answer (jr
rcscrijit to I'liiiv, cited by Tertullian, Eusebius,
'and Jerome, '^he9» are records of so, great
esteem witli Ilavercamp, the lust editor of Jgse-
plius,'that he thinks they not only deserve to be
r^ad, biil almost to be learned by heart also.
.'. - PuSlf'S Kl'ISfl-E TO I'RAJAN, -
■Jlboiit A,D.n2.
I •' SlR'7-ft is my constant niethod to apply myself
, fo you for the resolution of all niy doubts; for
• who can better ^DVi^n my dilatory way of pro-
ceetling, or instruct my ignotance? I have never
1)e*h present at th(v"examiniition of the Chris*
fjaits [by olheis,] on which account I ai)! uiiac-
' '-' (/)'This puBsir^n srenis to Uavo born dir(M:llytaJ*ca
froai J<ii<i'|iliu»?ji'liinft>us tostilnfuw ciuicniiiiK UlirHl ami
the t'liristiuns, Ajiiiq. It. m'ii.^. iii'. sect. 3,»ur'*liic;li
See Uiswrt. I. Ijiforo. ^
{i) '"'" ""W '• n'<'ij!s rp|H'|iiancq was Hot coinimiiily id'
' ' lowed, ilumo ll^ht liud Ikiii 'oncp^tlirisliuns, hut IlHiUfjli
• tliev r(!ianlid,nndr'ilunic'dloidnlntr)',JTlwrc!*^i('y«ini-
1 ' moiityiitit to death. Tlii^ was nCrseruliim ii^>erfiction^
' . (*) This was lln: ju«t and henvy aimiilftint^ijf tire olC
eient't'hrisiiuiM, lhatlh«yc()inniuiilJi»ul|l-ridfi)rthatlmro
i
quainted with what uiea Jo be inquired into, and
what, and how lur, they use to b< punished; nor
are my doubts small, whether Iheie he liol a dia-
lidction to be made between the ages [of the ac-
cuied,] and whether teiider youth ougnt to have
the Same puniahmcnt with strong men? whether
there be not room for pardon u|)on ripehtf '
aiiceT(/r) or whi the> it may not be an advAntage
to one tliat had been a Christian, that he hath for-
aakcD Christianity? whether the bare nHnie(h)
without any crime bcside-s, or the crimea adhc
ring to that name, be to be puniahedt In the
mean time, 1 have taken thia <;ours<! about those
who have been brought before me as Chria-
liana: I asked them whether they were Chris-
tians or not? If they confessed, that they were
Chrialians, 1 asked theiii agajn, and a thii'd time.
me, willsimt tiic prrirnci'ofniiy crynislhuy couljlpruvn
aiiist ihcin. Tliis wus Bl«i)"iHi'rsi>i"uiici)i iii perlictionl
[f) Amniiiigihidriiiit! llnvt a lirm and fund ruMilulUiti
St ke<*{thi|; a tinoA consciuuco slutald bo IhoU.Kht witlajut
ispute (<> di'Fi'rv" dc'iiih, mid liiix hy Such cuaiparatively
rxcelknt hvatlicna OS IMiny and 'fi^an. . '
■saiiist
intermixfbg threaloiiiiiga with, the questmna: if
they persevered in their confession, I ordrrtd
them to be executed ;.(») for I did not doubt but,
let their confessions be of any aorttwhatsiii'ver,
this positiveness and infleiiblu obstinacy deaery-
cd to bu punished. There have been sonie of
this Iliad sei't whom 1 took notice of in particular
us Roman citizens, that they might be sent to that ;,
city . (At) After some time, as is usual in sucli es-
Biiiiiiutions. the pinle spread itself, and iiiaiiy
mure ciUie's^anle' belurc^ue. A libel was sent tu
me, though without an author, contuiii,ing many
names [of persons accused,] These denied that
they were Christians now, or ever had been.
They calleil upoif the gods, and supplicaj^'d to
your image, (2; iv^ilch.l caiijjcd to be brought to
nie for that purposi.', with fniiikinceiise ibid wine'
they also cursed Christ: ^m) none of which things,
as It is'said, call iipy of ihose lliai are really
Christians be Coiif)>eiled to dot so 1 thought tat
to let them go. Others of theni that were named '
in the libel said they were Christians, but pre-
sently denied it again, thatindeecl they had heeo
Christians', but hud ceased to be so, sonic three
years, some uiiiny more; and one there was that
said, h«; had iiot,ueen80 these twenty years. All
tlit'sc worshipped your image, and tue images of
yourgoda; these also cursed Christ. lloVever,^
they assured niei that the main of their fniilt, or '
of their mistake was this, that they-were wont,
on a stated dayi to nl««;tMogethcr before it tva»
light, and to siiiK i? hyiiih to Christ, as to a god,
alternately; anuto oblige themselves by a sacra-
ment, [or Qath,]'no| tu doaiiy thing that was ill,
biit lltat they would commit no theft, or pilfering,
or itdullery ; that t^ey would not break tiieir pro-
mises, or deny what was deposited with them,
when it was required back again; after which it
was their tiu'stpm to dejiarl, mid to iiieett again at
^commoiiiiut innocent mealV(»)iwhich yet they
had left otf kt|ion that edict which 1 puUlishcd af
your conimand, and wherein I had (orbiclden any
such conventicles. I'liese examinations made
me think it ueccSnary to inquire by torments
what the truth V(ai,wnich I did of two servant
'maids, who were .called deacojjesses; hut still 1
discovered no more than- that they were addicted
to a bad and !<&' pn I'Xtravagant superstition^
Hereupon I have- put oil' any furtjier examina-
tions, and have recourSIb to you, for the alfair ^
sceiusto be well worth cohsiiltaliuii, especially
(it) Itiii yfi> th^coso uf'Sl. Paul, wl|u Ixing a cilizvn
of Itoino WusvSlbnruil to ap/ifal Hiiio Ciriar. aud was njiit
,.. »..)»« i|«|aJifm..lB':'3'A.n».«li. ta— -Jji: xiv. 'ij; .xxvi. ,
;fc2*'i]ri&^^Tj^p* t^''V ^-v^ .
?/^JnWlioiii^pShiW^i)' Lilialftlio eni|icror's ininpe, ovun
wMjMll^n^nyf'Fifihtiiild Jjofttli^od ru|siblu nf divjue
" iMctf ('d^|>Si4p|llvery c1t«4h'^it hcai|iena
jieri' a pniallrf accoam vul uf llio.mnrtyrdoin
Ki'Cl. P. 'f ho '.pr"<"<>b(Dil sui<l— "Keprpaih
Ivenrji replied^" Ei^dtUjj,and six yuars hayo
',3Ufarist, and hn huSij^f^tlnno im* I ho least
ji^'ii Clin I hfoi^tih^u^'lii]^ King 011)1 my Ba>
(a) Tbif ninM inj[ist pNibaldy boMieJtaif fif e/iaril^. i
"' * ' ; ■ * . ■' . • l».
on. arcount c
in danger; I
every rank,
hereafter lik
in danger, fe
contagipn, n
country vilb
to hope niaj
sure, the t«
begin alrcai
solemnities,
to be revive
every when
of late Hpp
^ow great a
ii plare for
Tb
Mv I'l.lN
you ought i
had been a
certain and
daineil in t
sought for;
they ttfv to
that' he whi
tnakesit pi
(p our god
niay be alh
for libels s
liave no pi
that wouhl
■- tigrceable I
Obsehvat
r '■',
I. Wks
of the Ron
to the hist
.names him
Ronian nu'
his hisforj
his seveiV I
in a very (
On his acC'
Parthians,
tbantwio I
books cxt<
H. Yet
' then folic
cerning tl
during tin
taken jiii
Josephusi
or informi
III. It
tus had i
knew tha
.duced of
Contradii*
harillv BV
dieted on
snid, and
soever; ii
^ Joscphus.
authentic
tfll fiy the
the neigl
can nvoK
aiders th^
. IV. T
estpart I
nation, w
■ during s
histories
a ntpst u
" htre Jhe
great im
• (•)8oni
Chritlian
'ItaifUsjit
.."3-
:-T*A
^^rr^
M$SERTAT10PJ 111.
820-
„n,rcouM of Ih.. n«mb,.r(o)of tho.; fliaf .re .leii^lto h.v.oWrv«l l|..t,4rtpi«^1Uy i? tta
"n aXr; for lUer« .re mH..y ot .very .^.s u l,8p.,m!i..fl..r» .U<^ . , . .,......._'.
^ I . :* ..e i..^ik> .i.wa.1. urttn «i*i« niiiw linn
evtry rank, and of both «< x«., who aro now ami
herraftrr likvly to l)«i callr.l to .rcount. «nU to be
irt d.nKcr. for thi« iup. r.tition a •pr«B<l like »
contaKlpn, not oiilv in <iti«n ami town*, but info
country village, al.o, whi.h yet there i. rt_a.on
to hope may bo .lopncil anil correttcd. lobe
•ure the leni|rt<«, which were almoit forsakeu.
beKin "Irearfy to be frtouennil; nn'l the holy
loremnitie.. which wcrr long intermitted, begin
to be revived. The .a^-rifii'i'i begiiv to .ell wrl
every where, of which very few |iurrha»er» had
of late HnpjUred; whereby it it easy to .upnoie,
Bow great n multitude of men might be BmenUiU,
il plarc for repentance be admitted.
Trajan's I-^pisTi.E TO Vt'NV'
Mv ri.lNY— Yi)U have taken the method which
you ought in examining t-»ie caui(e» of those that
had been accused n» <;hrifti*nv'"'' •"''•'"' ""
certain and general form of jwlging can be or-
dained in this ciise. Tliesc people are not to be
I
q.ineu in iiiis »-»i»i. ■ ..oo*- |.i...#|..^ ..." _ — -
•ought fur; but il thev be accused, and convicted,
they «/v to be puiiinfied; but with thin cautron,
that' he who denies himself to be a Christian; and
tnakesit plain that he i» not so. by supiilicating
tp our gods, although lie had been so formerlv,
may be allowed panloniiipon hi* repentance. A.
forlibeU sent williout an author, they ought to
have no place in any accusation whatsoever, for
that wouhl be a thing-of very ill example, and not
agreeable to iiiy reign.
Obsehvations »/;ion Iht Paiiagu iektn tmlijf
f , Tacitus.
I. We see here what n great regard the best-
of the Roman historians of that aj'e, Tacitus, ha*
to the history of Jou |)hns, while though lie never
naiiies him, u% h« viVy rarely name, any of those
RomaiV nuthors whence he derive, other part, of
his history, yet does it appear that he refer* to
his seveiY books of the Jewish Wiirs sfeveral times
in a very f«w pages, and almost always depends
6» his accounts of the affair, of the Komans and
Parthians, as Well ns of the Jews.during no lewcr
thaniw) hundred and forty years, to which there
book, extend. , , u i
II. Yet doeli it appear.-that when he now anu
then followed other historians or reports con-
cerning thf Honinna, the I'arthians, or the Jew.,
during that long IntervAl, he was commonly ini^
taken jiitheui, and had better have kept tlose Ip
Josephus tlinn hearken to any of liiji other author.
or informers. , , , ^ •
III. It aUo'appears highly probnjtle that"! aci-
tus had seen the AnW'luities of Josephu*. and
knew that the most part of the*Ccounts he pro-
. duced of the origin of the Jewish nation entirely
Contradifted those Anti<piitics. He also could
hardly avoid seeing that tlids*!* accounts contra-
dieted one another also, and were chirdfsh, ab.'
surd, and supiiorted by no good evidence what-
soever; as also he could hardly avoiiT'Seeing that
JoscphUi's i«cooiints ill these Antiquities w?re
^ authentic, subslnntial, and thoroughly attested
td J5y the ancient records of 'that nation, and 01
the neighboring nations also, which J'ndced no one
can avoid Seeing that carefully peruses and con,-
•idersthem. , ._..,. ,u * .
; IV. Tacitus, therefore, in coricetiling the grcatr
est part of the true iinciillt historyof the Jewish
nation, which lay before him in JosenhUs, and pro-
■ ducinc such fabulous. ill-groundedAnnd pprtikl
histories, which Tie liad from the hcathfeps, atted
a most unfair part: and this i.roceduro*bf hiris
- h*rc theniore gross, in rcpnrd he pi ofessnl. »uch
great impiirtiaffly, [Hist. 11. i. chap, i.] Bttd,is al-
(»■) 8omo of >te are very loaili to l)olievo -ihal the
ehristians w. *o, nH!>"'rou« in ll"' secoml coSilurj . Iwt
•bi. U«tttb ffn cvi(leiir<< Ihut ihoy werevcty nuin(!rou«.'.i
aniim affairji also: •, ,,, w '
V. Tiieitiis. hatred and rontempt oftlod t p«-
culiar p«ople, the Jews^and his aUachnienl to
the gross* .1- idolatry, •uperslition, andnstralfil-
tality of the Ronitns, were thereftire so .tfong ■■
him, Diklo overbear all restraiut. 9f M>ber reaioB
and etiuhv i» the case of those Jew*, though b*
be allowed »o tsaotly to have followed them QS
other occasion, relatiirg to the Roman..
VI, Since therefore Tacjtm w«. »o >lt$»r
atnin.t the Jews, and since h» knew that thrwt
himself wa. • Jew, and that hi. Aoo.tle" .nd fir.t
follower, were Jew*, and also knew tliM tn*
Christian religion wa. derived into the Roman
province, from Juilea/it I. no wonder that hlj
hatred and contempt of tbe Jew. «xten<led itsjlf
to the Christian. al»o, whom the Rnroan. ujitally
confgunded with the Jew.: as th*refore hrs hfcrd
words of the Jew. appear to have beeit^genrrall*
groundless, and hurt hi. own reputation in.tead
of theirs, so ought we to esteem hi. ^Jike hard
words of the Christian, to be blot, upon hn.qwi».
character, fnd not Mppn their*. ■
VII. Since therefore 'lacitus, soon after »•
nublicBlion of Josephu.'s Antiquitie., and in ton-
iradiction to them, wa. detetniineil to producj
such idle .tori*, about the Jews, and *ince one of
those idle itories is much the same with UM
published in Josephui, again.t Apion, fr^m M»-
iictho and Ly.imachu., and no wbeire el.e met
with so fully in all antiquity, it is most probable
that tho»e Antiquities of Josephus, were the very
occasion of Tacitus gUing u. these .tone., »•
/
occasion "■ ««»i,u. ev''."B "- —--- ---.- •„ ,
we know from Joieplms himself confr. Apion, B.I.
sect V, that" tl)o*aniff<Antiquitie. were the very
occasiorf of Apion". publication of his equally
scandalous .tor*, about theni, and whicp Jom-
<thu. so thoroughly confuted in these two booki
written ageinit him. And if Taciiu., a. I .up-
nose, had also read these twp book*, hi. proce-
dura in publiahing tuch *tories, «fter he had seen .
so thorough a confutation of t^em, wa* .till niorj
highly criminal. Nor will Tacitiw'. fault , be niuch
liss. though we .oppose he neither saw the An-
nuities ifor the book* againit Apion, becauM it
mi. very easy for iiim, then aj Rome, to have hwl
more autientic account* of the origin of thn
Jewish naOqn, and of the niture <ff the *Wi*h and
Christian reVigion., from the Jew* and Christiana
ihAniselve., Which he own. were very numeroui
there in his days; .o that his nublication of luch
idle *lori«. i* utterly inexcusable. ., ,. .
VJII. U1. therefore very plain, after all, that
notwithstanding lhe«ncoinium*_o£*evertl of oar
learned critics upon TaCitu*,«nd hard suspiciona
upon JoiSphO.. that sill the (involuntnry) mii-
take, of Jo.ephus, in «lLhi. large works put to-
gether," their quality a* Well a* quantity con-
sidered, do not amount to near *o greaVa *um,
a* do t}ie»e g^oM error* anduiisrepresentationa
of Tacitu* S^Mi the Jew* aro<vint to in a very
few page.; *o little reason h^ve some of bnr
later and lesser critic* to prefer the Greek and
Roman, historian* and writer* to the Jewi*h, and
particularly to Jotephu*. Such later and le**er
critic, .ihould have learned more judgment and
modeilv froni they great falherjoseph Scaliger
when.lswehave seen, after :>!rlM*fjleeper in-
nhirie*. he-«olcinnly prpnoJi«M*L^» EmtnA.
Ttmn. PtoUgpm. p. 17, t»Nt*Wo*epnu* wat
the most (diligent and the greatest lover of IrutJ*
ol all v*riter»;',* and i* not afraid to affirm, that.
" it i» inoroVafe to believe him, not onlv a* to (he
affairs of the Jews, but also to those _lhat are fo-
reiEh to them, than all thejBreek andl.atiil Wn-
ter«i and this because his fiHelity and compaM of
learning are pvefy where conspicuoutf'
least in Illtbynia, even in the Mfinninf of that mMIJ,
•.l»,w|iollyunJ«n"<*le. ' - ' ^
V
: ... ■■■L-'
^.^
-ji^
:alA:,
*J'l
630
JEWISH WEIGHTS, &c.
PARI
TABLE OF THe JEWISH WEIGHTS, MEASURKS. Ac. AND PARTICULARLY THOSE
. , MENTIONED IN JOSEUHUS'S WORKS.
-S
Cnbit, the itwdard, . . . .
Zerelh or Urga (pan, . ...
Small ijwa, . . ,:■• . . , . .
Palm or hand'i breadth, .
Inch or thumb'* breadth, .
Digit or finKer'i breadth, .
Orgria or (Hthbiu, .....
Ei<^li><^l'> Canueh or reedtk
Arabian Canneh or pole, .
Schivnut'a lioe, or chain; -.
Sabbath-daj'i journey, . .
Jewiih mile, . • ,. . > . > •
Stadium or fuTlong, ....
Faratwg, , . . . • . • •- • •-
■*.
Or JswiiH MKAsmuu or Lkrgtb.
Inchu.
21 . .
roi-3
T . . ,
312.
1,18
,875
84 . .
126 . .
168 .,.
1680 . .
42000 .
84000 . .
8400 . . I
3520b0 . .
• • % 4*
'•&•
'«. «.-'• .• •
Fut.
1
0.
.
7
10
14
. 140
, 3600
. 7000
700
. 21000
Inch**.
9
10 1-9
7 J
3 1-2
1,16 '
• .87.'i
6
0%
O
Or TSB Jkwibh Meaburxs o> CAricrir.
Bath or Ephah, ........
Conis or Cho^ier, ......
Seah or Snton < • .
Ditto according to lotcphui,
Hin, . . . . ...V..^; . . . .
Ditto according to Joibphui, .
Omer or AtsaroQ, ,.,....
Cab, ...... .... . . . .
Log, . . . . . ....... , . .
Metretei or Sy nan firkin. . .
Cub. Inehts.
. 807,274 .
. 807-2,74 .
. 269.091 .
.- 828,28 .
. 134,54,' .
. 414,12 ,
. 80,722.
. 44,859 .
. 11,21 .
.207 .
•e
a. • •' *.'
• « • •
fiiiUorPMni*
.'..27,83 '
. . . 278;i
. .. 9366
. >. 28,3
. , . 4,4633
,.. 14,3
. . . 2,76
... 1,644
. . . ,■39
v.. 7,ias
Pr THE JCWUH WnOBTS AlfD CopfS.
Stater, Stclui, or ahekel ofthe puictuary, tba itandard, .....
Tyrian Coin, equal to the ahekal, . ■ .....>...
Bekah, half of tlie ahekel, , . <•. . ..,.,..,.. i .... .
Drachma Attica_, ode-fourth, ........ i ..... .......
Drachma Alexaodrina, or Drachmon,or Adrachmon, one-half,
Gerah, or Obolua, one-twentieth, ...'.....'
Maneh, Mna— 100 ahekela in weight— 21900 graina Troy.
Maneh, Mna, or^Mina, aa a coin; — 60 abekela, ...........
Talent of ailver,— 300 ahekela, . ;. . . ... . .... . . . . . . .
Drachma of eold, not more than . . '.i,. . . . . . :' . ■'
'Shekel of gold, not more than . j ........ . . ,. . . . , . .
DaH«,of gold, .,.'.. \ , .... . '. ........
Talfent oigold, not more than .,. .......
£.
d
6
6
3
7 1-2
3
11-2
. 7
375
.
.
. 1
648
10
1 1
4 4
b 4
cts.
55 .
SS
JP 2714
13
(I 271.a*
Sfi
30 30'
1666 663-3
24
96
4 61,2
28&» 00
' . Table or ^be Jewish MoitTas m Josephs and otbebs,
WiAiht Syro-Macedmian JVamts Jo$ephu$ givtM (fteih, and theJjTantes of'thtJvlianor Roman
Hehrtw JVame$i
1. Niaan, . . .
2. J)°Hr, . . . .
3. Sivan, . ; ,
4. Tamuz, . . .
6. Ab,
6. Elu
'Months corrufonding to them.
-Syro-MdeedoniaH JVanw*.
Xanthicua, .... . .'.,'.'. .
Artemiaiua,'. > . ... . . .
, J)aeitiua, . . ..<... ... .V
, Fad'emua,
|Zonui>» JVomM..
Marcb-and April ,', ^ ,
April ftill May. "
May and Junta , «
Jiane md July.
w
Lout,' ....... '.■ ,..,... '. July and-AuBijat
'~ Auguat and September.
? 'Gorj)iieu8k. . v ^
7. Tiari, Hypcrberetaeua, . ,'. Sopteniber and" October.'
8. Miiirhcsvan, Dm<l . . .' '. . . October and November.
9. Caalni Appellteua, November and Deceitiber.
10. Tebeth, . < Audihteua, t . . .'. D«afeniber and Jafiuvra.
11 Shebat, ■. Peritlm,'- ^ . January and Februarf.
12. Adar xt DyatiWaf, ,f',,',i'.., February «nd March.
Ve Aidar„or the aecofid Adu' interotialed. ■' ^ ' ' "
/'
4\
. ' o' .:
^
-XT
i
* -•
'^
w
I09B
tuXti.
9 ■
10 1-S '
3 1-S
i.ie '
.875
6
02
V
INDEX.
'mtni*
B3 '
3
266
3-
4633
3
78
544
39
185
cti. ■
55 .
55
271.8
13
271-2"
2,6
30'
663-3
24
96
51,2
00
{oman
1
■4 "
([rnn<1fiilh»r,n(«i liii cuMMnt. lb;'''" IWBnly ♦**•!*
.thiMie oj; lliTylii", III.; \\v Icciitii wvnr«l kingii •iMtiidld-
ly, :(».">; I'liinrliimii Oiliiri!* witli K(ii)W«;iiirrt njipMW
tliiiiwtll°ii|Hiiillii! «inBC ill n iiiiiKiiilirriil ilrPM.Iina It
' a|>pl«uilril on II iiwl. »'.; ilif" •"">" "•«■' "» «nn»Wtll
dt«tli, niW ;> hid iliimliilon mid r lilldrf II, 4W).
AiirilM'"- iMHi of A«rt|ipii llie <;r(>at,liy.(;yiiro», MO: *Hd
nol iniiiicdiulfly micrwd tii liin lntln!r> ktiitdiMti. wBj
i'liuillin lavo lilm \hil of hlii uiirlrllrriMlliin'Imlcm.].
40l;to whltli he added thrtelrsrchlrtof nilllii nnd lijr-
miiilaa, 4.'il ; lie li hurt hy « iiHii||tlone «t the •lege oT
GhiiihIiii .IIIH; lili lctl»r» to JoiB|ih6ii, 10; hta ruinoM
■iieerh lo (lie Jew* to diuultdeUiein Croin a war with
the Roiiianii, 407.
AiiHppai drfh of FelU and DruiHI*, 403.
A«rlpp»(Koiileiiiii>ilalii,567. .
Ahah, ktnc (if I»nie), IHI; l« teprored Ity Elljtn, JBa;
tixht* Willi neiihndad and hcaK hlfii IMT paMont
iir..,.M..=,, .. ..™.,.--:---~^. • him, Mi; in Brterwardi killed UlinMlfhy the Byrtam,
^Idlamnradocliu.: we *.»./• Jft«'/'«». ia7 ! hl»i«i«, Jd4. '
mill atone, Ihlil. , Aliljah the ntophot, 174; hl» prophecy, 17S. '
AWnndah. llfljJol. • . _ i^j. _ • „ Ahikniii, SIS, • f
AMrain,80,JB. . _ ^„ Ahimiian.or AiEhlinaa,theBon9f5Eado|i. J5J, ISSililifc
AMahat, a virgin. David a iinno,l.TO. pricaf "ll . ^
AbMr*';;«'^of Ner. and 8a«ra1iln.,nnn ISO : f enerajof Ahiiuelerh tho l.lglv prUat, slain Uy Ih. order of^auj,
*htaLVmAX«oncllc.th,IaraemeatoD«vid.J4l:l.|AM^^^^^^^^^^^ . ['»•
AARON. 57i.*)B : I* '"»''<' '"«'' P'l««'i 'S • hli lonaiTS:.
hia death, W. ^ ^, ,
Ahaaaar, or Penahaaaar, S9I.
AMwir, kin* of the Tyrl«ua,-««l.
AMemon.aTyriau, I'l.MJ. , ,
Alwtlne^o, an. , A
Ahdon aiiei-ceda Klon aa inline, n3,
^Ahel. SOI •''"•»"'"'■'''"''''• „ , , ,„B -
Ahennerle, kln« of tniariu Ppnslnl. 398.
AMo, kins of the \ralilniia, 4IK).
Ab.har.tho aon of Ahiim^leeh. IM| aavea h la lffr«M
flie* 10 David, 133: la hicli prleat, V.W, 14«, JSl,.li4, 156)
la deprived of the hinli prlr athood, 183.
AWIinhia, kinji of the TYriiiiia, ?H4. .
Al<l«»ll< '^•'•; ni«rrl.d lo David, lb.; Amaaa-B mother. 153.
AWhu, theaondf Auron.TS. ..a— .. i.
Aiiijali.or Ahfii, the aon nf Reh0lioain,153,T. < ;iucceeda
hla fiither, I7» ; eonipiera tlie.tcn trihet, 179.
\
*
r. •'^
AbtBin. or Ahrtham.lho aon of Terah, 31; leavea ^Ihnl-
dea. nnii iroea to Cnnnan, Ihid; Uvea at Damnenia, 3J,
sd-'^oa Ilia aoYia lo plant colonies 311; l>>«";"^" ''i!"
EiynllanalnlheniaHieinatirnlaricnrea.J%dlt4rtcathe
foiiiitry lietwpcn liimaelf iind Lot, h.; Rod womiaea
Mm a aon. Ibid ; llc-tienia the Aaayrlaiia, 33 ; dica, 37.
Aliaalnin 14<.); fliea lo «;c»liiir, IW; i< reriillcd liy a aUa-
iSeiS of Joih. i;,n ; rel«la ncniiiat Diivhl, J51; piiraiiea
ifter him. 1,W : liianrmv ia piit to (liEhf, 1.i3; li<! Inins"
• on a tree hy lila hnir, ihi ia ainhlicil Wy Jonh, and dle»ll»
■ Aeenr hcrca, kiiiE of K'-ypt, 5H4.
ffi?;^iSnr'l^i;^V^i.'e(,,,«.: lai«n.a..d.
Aehlah, or Alirhna. kin«of Cinth. 13B.
Achltophel;8eejJ»i'*'';'»«'» . . .„ , «,-o.k«.
-.Arinc. 44H; her lettera to Anlipatcr and Herod, 34S; her
At^o^a^nSrAraph. of the rare ofllie Giant;. attacW
iSvl.). 158; la killed hy AliUhal, iliW. ,.^»
AcTatliena, or Hatach,S29. .j..,i.i_,
Actiiini, liMtle nt. ia the«;v£ntl> year of Herod'atelnti,
W>7,,3nH,31!.431. V_ / . ,
Ada. thewifcofLamecl*2.. ' .■■
Adnd , aee /farf'"'. '^L.
> Adam created. «5 ; hia fnll.^SO. ■
Ader or Hndad. an Idiiinean, 174
Adonlaa, or Adonijnh. preleiida to <he croj
innrtiiary at the altar. IGO; demands A"
168,larefuBed,103. ' j,
Adontliciek, klnn of Jcrnanlem, lOJ la m»—
«nd hna Ills bandaand feet cut oHV«(>d <"«•
Adoram. 166. • _^
Adrahimelech, 205.
Adrnaair ; aec ffu'fadaiai'i
^nu»r,alliia,317.
. f,\Twn7oMNA'maIekl.«.m;l*kllled.
a!" 'p!^'°'o''r''forcil.)e prearore taken »ff the Je Wi by
DemetrinB,35S.
■ AgSnM'. OT iSliirery fiflh year. In hongr of C(e«<
, %iilliledbyllerod;;n5;altheflniailnm<p»'Mrea,32f,
' Afrppn. (Miireua, the Roman.) hia Iwuiity «pwaf)a tl*
JewB.V4mB aplcndidly entertained by Herod. 384,
makea equal Tetnrn to him at Binopc, ,324 ; hiaexpe-
dtllon totbe Boaphor*. 32S ; hli apeee h to the Jeya
•t Jernaalem. 466, ho conflrma thei* prJvlWfea, 396;
lita letter to «he «jS«ton«. "> ("vor of the Jc*8,U31,
A."pp« tV'teSKE5|er'''Herod , "rnndaon, 343.44%
^i» variova ad Jhtur<^ 1*7 la innfliirle,) niul itnprlaon.
' ""M.-^IOthiafiit Jj'filidrv and huppinri.rro.etril<t,37l: a
releaaed anilmade l«W 6f twotcirirf hiea.witlitho-tnio
of kin^WfTRlvcaiAiiua a aumpttiouaenti rinlnmentat
BonfrSi laaent liy tbeienatc to f>iiiVfi". t91 1''^
' «dvffetonaii(Il«<,lliid,l8 »cnt hack to hi* kinidopi,
5»3,ClaudU« bestows on ^-.-.-.-^—e ....
Allllllli, .1.1.1. ,. ■ _. V«m
Ahiihophcl.or Achitophel,151;,glvcB«vllcounsel, 158;
hiiiiEa hiniaclf. Ilild.
AilieaieKFd.lUO; taken, lb. . "
Ai/.el.or I,'/.Bl,i!riiiidaonofHeb*^3l, ..
Alalia, noliiiii of, 378,
Alhiliiia, prociirutorof Jiidea,4(l8. • -
Alrimuivor Jai imna, tin. wl.ked hid. prieal, 853; ^•
uiiHiiatea JiidiiH JiefArc Dcmetrlna. Iri.: diea.2j4.
Alc*oii, a pliyaii>iniiijM7 .-.„.„. .a.'
Aiatander Lyaliftarhua, the Alabarrli, 369, 393, 401.
AlRinnirtr. the ami of Alexander, hy Glapliyra. 44?. ■■
I'Al^xaiidur.Ihe aon of Antiocliua epiplianc8,S57i aurn»-
' nied Hnhi, note, Ihid; kliiH^f Hyria, liia Icitcr to Joiia
Jlian,41iiil;(A.t!aaesiniilmtlIo with l)pinctriii9,S.i(<; de.
inaiidaPt<*iiiyPliUoim;ter'a dnimhlet.n m»rriaBe,3j9;
ia killed In Aralilnlaud hia head aunt loPtolemy,281 •
Al('xniiilpr,«ia Aristoliulua.Herod'a aona.putlnprlaqn,
^ia:iH;ntra«)iled by their fn/her'a order. :m1, -142.
' Mexandc^iic ehlealaon of Aiialol.ulua.8f 2,480;ttoables
1* • Syria. 8Ki; makea war upon tlio Romana. 4 19; Is con-
i ".. qiieted by GaWniiis, Ibid; Wiled by I'ompey s order^
if 8H4 4*^)
** Alexander Jnancui silrcecde" bia brother Arlatolmluf,
4I.^; n aedition rnlaed againat him, 274; hia expedition
naainat Plolemals, 872; be la railed Tl.racidi. for Uls
biirhnrouacrncliy, 275; dlea ofra (ibartan anue. aflor
tlirei; yinra'sir kncas, 876, 4 VB.'lila aouB llyrcanus and
Arialobulua,276,416
r
- \p'- 1.1
Is ■-■I
/
Alexnnder tliegrciHanrcaedB his father Philip. 233, eon-, .
ijiicra Darius. «il(f;;pufeueB his vlrtorleathroiigh Asia, .
234; sends a letter- to the btgU prleBtiitJeruanle(h,lb.i
■ coea himself to Jeniaalem.lbld; Ida dream.lhld ; he
ndorcB the mime of qod o» the hlith prieat'a forehead
4, ;' ihid ; entcra the temple. Ibid ; (sranta pHylleRoato tiie.
f ./JewB;fl.id;thePBmphyllnnBea(!iveswaytoliiBariiyr
«1 1 BlThia nrma nnd armor kept in the templeof pisifja
y nt Elyiiiaia,8r.a;hiB enipire.dividcd aflor liiartcallijSSS.
' Aleiiindcr,llieBonof PbaB,ielUBandPBlaniiwio. 387. . ■
Aleiamler (Tilwriua) Burt'peds <5#piu? »>duB «B procti'
rator of Judea. 401, 4«»; •« ma?* procurator ol Egypt, ■
48J. 473; !« made chief commander of tbeRoman armf ^
under VespaBlan, 581, 55s. 'k'^v ...i
Alexander ZeblnB, king of Syria, toeowjueRd by Ami-
0Cbu«firypu«,anddieB,2B9. ' . .V. .j-
Alexandra, Alexander Janneus's ^<«ow, Iwlds the a*
ministration flfier hia death, 876 ; fnllssick kndd^,
878; her euloiium, Ih. „ ^,., , .i,-
AlexandrB,dattgl.tetofnyrcanuB,wife6fAleiaijder,tlie
BonofArFstob«ilHa,HyrrBiiua'abrotherjiiiidi*therot
aiiotficr \riatohiiliia nnd«f Mariamne, 303!Write» a let-
ter to rieopitra.ihid'aenda the pictures oflier son ana
danslitiir to Anton>. bv the advice of nelHiia Ih , l«
fciitnedlyTiicontHfdloIU'rod.ib iasuapectedhy lle-
jod. ,104 JlrepnfBli to fly info EgvnJ, lb hemoana the
deatliofAriBtohum*,305«rquaiiiU Cleopatra with til*
snareaof Herod, andihedeatiwrjlier sop, tb ."piit
into ptJaon. 386 , her tiidef eiiK bebavlor lovfards her
daiwhtnr MnrlaiBfn*.3I2r<skaied1iy41erod'a order,313.
eenatcto rkuilVRia. 191 lile dBiii!nt9r»inriaiini«.»ixT««»"=.i"j'""'""-;^-""
"sent hackfth* kinsdop.; Ale,andra,<lBUgl.tlfrof W.aaaelu. andBalampew, 3B7;
lilmanthedomlnlonsefhlel |.ln9trledtoTri.^ofOypni.,1bNl. , /,
1 ''
^— ^
■ %■,■-
032
INDEX.
"-^
K'%
r^'.
\
■ /.'
tr
"■■■'s.
Atoitndrlii a irntiwrt oflhilcltf uit|md lo lh«
, J«w«, 884 ; the J«wi declared )U citlaaiia on a biaiaa
pillar, hyiuliueCeur.ttH?. ft.
Alexaa. Biloma'i binlHind, 343, 443.
Alaiaa Belclaa, Aleaaa'aoon, 368.
Allaphraimullidala, king or£(ri>t|M3.
AIU«irlua,a Jew,4. '*
AHIanca iwtwean Plolemy and Anllochii|,94t.
Allar of InranN, «l> i or burnt offarlug, mad* of unhewn
alone, 304. 388.
Aaedatlia, or Hamma'atha, ON.
AnalekHe* aitack iha loraalUaa. M ; are eonqnarad and
plundered, 03.
Aman ; lea Moiaa. -
Amarlnua,orOnirl,klngortha laraelilea,' 191. .
Aniiiia, aaneral of Aliaaloin'a army, 133(134; Ihaabn
ofiallier.llISi; killed by Joab, 136.
Amuiaa, or Maaaelah, lovernor uftha cIty.SW.
Amathoa.ion of Canaan, 31. . .^
,Amailah,or Amoalaa, klnnof Judah, 1»7. 198; makea
«var on J^aah, king of larael, Ibid ; ta beaUn, and mur>
dered In a coniplracy.lbld.
AmhRHadora aent Willi preoenta lo Heieklah, S05-; am-
baaaadoraoflhaJewaalaln hy-ihe Araba, 308 ; thia a
violation of the law of natloiia, 309 ; Jewish aailHiMa-
dora had a rlilit to all among the Roman aenalora In
the theatre, 388.
Ambaaaagc aent by Jonathan to the RomanI and Lace-
, demonlana, iM3;aant by the Jewato Romei 334.
. Ambition and avarice, ckuaea of mahy mlMhlebi 141.
tqiblvlua, (Marcui.) procuiaiur of Judea, 368.
menbpbla, king of EKypt, 384, 381, 3I«.
Ameaae«vqueenorEgyp\,Sil4. , -r,
Aminadabi 333. V '
Ammcntua killed, sei. • . ^, ,
Amnou, David's son, 143 ; falls In love with bla akMr
I'amar, 140; la slain by Absalom'a order, ibid. ^
Amorltaa (iven to the (t ilics of Reuben and Gad, and the
halftrlbeofMancsMli.HO. ,
Amphilheatre built at Jerusalem, and another In Iha
aAJolning plain, by Herod the Great, 313 ; anotber at
Jerlcho^333.
Amram, Maies's father, 54.. », »^
Amrani, a aedliioua Jew, 307. ' '
Amreph(!l,:i3.
AmutaL;aeelfaaiH(a/. __ .,.,.»..,
Anacharis, or Rabsaris, a general of Sennachcrlb,803.
Ananeius made high prieat, 303; deprived efthatdignl
ly,3U4; restored to it, 305.
Ananias, the son of Nebcdeus, made high priest, 401,
4BI, 4?U ; bis Hon Ananu8,4Ui ; slain togetliiMr with his
krollier Ilezekiah, 471. „ ,„ ,
Amnlas, (dlllerent from the former,) 334; son ofOnias,
|nK),ST4. >
Ananias, tha son of Masambalu»,-hl«h priest, 544. ,
Ananus, senior, made Alxh priest, 400! his eulokium ;m
Aaantis, Junior, the son ai Ananua,made high priest,
.416, 13.503; hisspeecli to thepcople, 505; accused
of the murder of James tlie bisliop, 406 ; deprived of
the dignity Of the high priesthood, 407;hl»deRth,5IK
'Ananus, (or Annas,) son of Seth, made bigti priest, 363 ;
deposed, ibid.
Ananus, son of Bnmndus, one of Simon's life-guard,
544; fliea to Titus, SU. •
Ananus, governor of tlie temple, 403.
Ananus, son 01 Jonalhiin. 4"5- . ,
Andreas, captain of Philadclphus's life-guard, 336.
Andromiichus ex|>ellpd the court of Herod, 334.
Aadronlr;us, son ofMcssalamus, 330.
Aagcla of God become familiar with women, 37,
Anlieus, 316, :m, 378, killed by the Uabylonians, 379.
AttoiM, (Lucius;) liikcs Gcrosa, 517.
Auniua, (MiiiuciiiBus,)'381. »,„
Anoius Knfus, pfocura)^ of Judea, 3IKk
<Atitelus klMed,385.v •■■'-. l\^.
Aiiligonus governs Asia after Alexanders dealD,935.
ArtligoBU«, son of-Arislohnlus, 362, 483; impeaclics
HyrcanUs and Antlpator. 385 ; is conquered hy Her-
od, 393 ; invades Judea, byllie help of the Partliinns,
394 ; la reestablished in the eovcrnnient,39e, 433 ;euta
olTHyrranus's ears, and caunes tlie death of PhaSae-
luB, 396 ; surrenders himself to Boslus, 301,430 ; Is sent
to fetters to Harens Anl^nius; ibid ; was tho first king
' 'Vrhoae head waa cut off by the Romana, 303 ; relgped
\ before Herod, 346. ,J. ,
Antlgonus.son of HyrcaiiusI, and brother pf king Ar-
istohulus, made commander at theslegaof Samaria,
~ S7»:lielovcdby lii9l>rother,S71;watchedbythequeen
■n4 her riivarit<'s,and by their caluMiilesalain 371 414.
Anttocb Is the cbicrclly in Syria, and the third city In
> the Roman empire, 41^3 ; the Jews made citizens there-
of by Selfsiicus Nicatbr,!Ml ; it is burnldpwn, 365.
ADtibehians at first rel>el against DeuHbtriiia, 305;
Antiocbua, king of Conimatene, 361393, 305, 541, 571 ;
a part of Ciltcia, Icmcllier with Commagoiia, granted
him by c'liiudius, :i'.h!,
AnllorhusCyiiretms,370; assists the Bamarltana, but
ia put lu lliaht.370, 413; iskilled, 374.
Antlochus Dionysus, sonafAntloetiusqrypus, king of
0y ria, makes an expeilftion against the Jews, 875 41S ;
Antlochus the Great, hhi letters In favor of the JaWt,
848 ; Ida wars with Ptolemy Phllopater and Phyacon,
841 ;niarrknhla daughter cfleopatra lo Ptolemy, 343.
Antlochus Epiphanes makes an sipeditk>n tnto algypl,
846 ; takea Jerusalem, and plumlurs the temple, 847,
'413,563; goes into Persia, U-IU ; designs to deeltoy
the Jaws upon his ^turn. Ibid ; his snswer to the fla- ■
maritans.ibkl ; his Impiety, 868; be dies, and leave*
the administration to Philip, 353.
Antiocbua Eupaior, eon of AnilocAua Epiphanaa, In-
vadea Judea,353 ; fights with Judaa, 853, 4l3 ; makaa
Kace with tlie Jaws, 853 ; braakrtt, ibid ; la killed b/
imetjrlus.lbid. -' . - , .
Antlochus Grypiis, son of Damalliua BoMr, itSO; bia
death,874.
Antiocliua Philomeler,873.
Antlochna Pius,aon of Antiocbua Cyilcemis, mak«* <
war with Seleucus, 374; Is slain in battla.lbid.
Antlochus Edselilus, or Plus, Ibe brother of Demetrius,
besieges Jerusalem, %t ; raises the siege^SfiS; make*
an expedltlbn against ttaa Partblans, Is defeated, wi'
killed, ibid. »
A ntioclius the grandson kf Seleucus, and son of AIexUF~
dtr, is commonly called The God, 341 ; ls,crowned M
his youth, 263 ; enters into alliance with Jonathan lb*
Jilgh priest, lb. ia slain by Tryphon Ills tutor, 366,41X-
Aniloenus, tlie-hrother of Seleucus, slain in battle, 37^
Antlochus Boler, brother of Demelriiis, father of Ory.
pus, 36V; makes war with Trypho,2li7.
Aulipas, Herod's son by Malthace, a Samaritan; 343,'
443, latCtiarchofGalilee, 351;gocstoRometo gel to
he a king, -J53, 431 ; what was left him by Herod, 354 ;
what wos given him by Cosar, 454 ; oiKe deelaried
king by Herod, 3S1.
Antiptts, oneof tho royallinenge, ia put In prison and
slain, 504.
AniipHter, tii« Idumean, Htrod's father, called Antlpa«i
excites troubles, 378 ; aent ambassador to Aretas, biT
Scnurus, 370; his WlAi Cyprus, the Arabian, and hu
cliildrcn, 384 ; his valor, ildd ; he advises Hyreanus to
put liiniscirundcr the protection of Aretiis, 417; make*.
iiin soil l'hnK««lii.i Kovciiior of Jeruaalcin, and Ueri>j -
uf Oalilcc, $r-<). Vi\ ; i^iileiivors lu deserve Ccsar'a fa- :
vur, i.'r<4, -t'iu ; i.4 Ijonored liy Co'siir, and mode citizen
of Komc,'' 'J^j, 431; Iiim dcfcmc against AntigoKua '
. SKi, til i id nmile govcriior uf Jiiilca, ibid ; is grcutly
csti'cnied aiuiiiiu I he Jews, 386 ; is poiso..ed, 393, 433
Aiitipater, son of Pliasaelus and Sutampsio, grandson
of Horoil the Great, 367.
Antipater, son of Salome, Impeaches Arcbelaus Motif
CRsar,353.
Aniipator, son of tlnrod, 203 ; is scnt'to Bomejo Ciesar,
3^7, 444, 441! : wljilc he is llierc, lie, by lettcrii, sets bla
father ncninsl Ijia brethren, 348', 43U, 437 ; his aubtll-
ty, 3:13 ; lie rcluns Jointly with his father, 343; Is ha-
ted liy I'vcry body, aller the Slaughter of his brethren,
343 ; ntti'Mipls liis father's life, lliid: is concerned foi
lilmseir, 333, 443; iippcnrs liefarc Varui'S' irlliuiial,
346, 448 ; his plea for liiniM.-! f^ 447 ; Hii put in irons, 348.
448 ; ispul tu dcatli, :<51, 440.
Aniipnter, a Bninnritiin, 44.'!. ^ : x
Antipater, Herod's sister'sson, 338. ' .
Amipatris, taken by Vespasian, 6t5. *
Antipbihis, 345, 443; ids letter to .\ntipateT\HerOd'4
son, 348.
Aiilonia, Claudius's daughter liy I'ctiha, 462.
Antonia, Claudius's mother, and Drusiis's wife, lend*
mpncytaAerippn the elder, 'M9: iier eulogium, 370.
Anioniu, the lower, called Baria before, 416, 548.
Antony, a captain, 48J. ' ,
Antony, a centurion, 493. ^ >
Antony, (Mark) his valor, 383, 410; hisand>Dotab«|. ,
la'a decree. in faVor ofilic Jew»,l!89;hc marchealnto
Asiarnfter Ciissius'sdefeot.aw;!; liis letter to Hyrea-
nus, ibid ; to the Tyrians, iliid ; he falls In love ifilxh
Cleopatra, 394; makes Pliasaelus and Herod tctrsrch*,,
. ibiil ; orders tiieir accusers to be put to death, ibid ;
confers signal favors on Herod, 307; toJpuKns M
Athens, 398, 4'i8; his luxury, 306.
Antonius. (Lucluii,) Mark Antony's son.sendsAlfUci
10 the Bardiatis, in favor of the Jews, Sb9. ' '
Anionius Primus. 532, ; \
AnuM^ a god, 364. V
Apachnas, king of Egypt,S83.- V
Apame;Dariiis'a concubine, 331., m, T* _ti.
Apl6n, ainbaaskdor for the AleiandcliMiito Cu(M,37ii
'Apollo'(|«mplealGazi^ 374.
*v
V' ^
'.■\'
■:'\
^t
■%v
">-
■^ V :'-
■\:- ■■■
■ ■■ o a' „ ■
..>wrM
1,571;
ranlMl
u, but
In* of
7541»
JtWf,
yieon,
»
ImHojt
ihefla- '
leave*
M, In-
niakM
Hiibj
IS; bit
make* C
■(trlua,
maket
(!4.aiid
UeiaiH
•n«d la
hanlh*
SC,41X-
le,274.
)f orjr-
in;S43,
I ici to
Ml, 334;
isdaried
an and
Lntlpaii
iiai, bf
•nd Mi
:Knu* nt
;inake«., '
I tlorc^ ■
lar'a fa- ■
citizen
liKoiiiU '
RFCutlt .
:»3.4ii3
randaoQ
■ befort '
sieuhia
I aulitil-
I: liha-
rctliren,
'ned fbr
riliunaL
Herod'*
E, lend*
[in, 370.
DolabU- ,
lieiinto
llvrca-
le *M\
trait h*.
ii, Ibid:
urAi at
al(Uw
iua,3f4
»v
A-
INDEX.
1-*' »■ ■
Apollo'i tapph in tha palaer at Imm, 357. _ \
ApollodMiu, eapUin of ih<> tUirtiu, If*! UIM. Ibid-
ApoUoiiiu*, MHi of AlHtndi-r, !«tli. ^ .
Anolloniua Uttu>, ir»«*ru«f of iMoi^ii*, 9U0 ; rhaltangn
JiMUthan lu an eiiitafvmeM, triil i» dniiifiuid, llild.
ApulloiiiM, lunrniit of tJantaria, tt47, MU.
A|ioiiiua, Xw. . •
Apophia, kin* of Egjrpt, Sri3.
Apaakiw, 471. ' ■
Apaaa, or Ibun, Judi^ aneMaphtna^ lU
Aquila, tha murdiirur ofC'aiut, J?5.
AraUiant clrcunuiiio lh«ir ctiilditn wiinn inlriMif yean
aid, 33; tun towiia takuii I'lum thom by AlciaiiJni, hing
«f tiM Jawii iiTt) ; Kihiopiuni nni tkiiir. iioiKiiliura, I'KI.
Arabia bi.rdur« <>n Ju<l«a. ilM ; I'lira tbu kiiia'i rufidi-nce.
Ibid; Zabdiel tlit>)r luril.^il; Arabian! ar«dul«aUiU,3UU;
thair W(<wun4iri) (roal (luiaoiiuri, 'iiS,
Aram, 31.
Am, or Uatan, tbii falh«r of Lul, 31.
Arawa, or Niwuch, a tcmnlv, ilOik
Ara•c^or Roiiii, liinnuf lliBByriaiw.Sni. , „
Araiina, or Oroiw, ih» Joliuiilii, 150; iiia thrMhinglloi*,
ibid; tho |ilacu wlwru liiuo waa lu liavu bwD aacrilicad,
and wlii'tu ihf ii™pK*A!fiw iincrwiiril built, ibid.
Arehtluua, liiii!,>>,l Cn|i|Diil<H;iu, roiwa to ll«i>"l, 3M,33H,
43!l; K<Mi« Willi bim lu Aiiliuch, 440 ; reramiiiloa lli'iudto
Ilia wMi Alviaiidur, uiid In liia liroiliur IMiviorur), 4111.
Archi'luua. H»i i>l' lltuwl Ui« Urual, MX 'MM, 443, 443; k
madn clhiiiiri'li, :I5H, 4.1» ; iharii.» (Slulih.Vrn, 3*1, 4.'>5 ; ia
{■roriaiini'il iiiiis Rl°l»r lii-r<Hl'M dcaili, :i»A 44!) ; hiuiwuch
• tothii inupla, 33:2, loU; eiidiinvura lt> U|i|»>iim) tini (»!«•
dIo, 333;nuvt iu Uonitl,'3J3, 431 ; u aixusi-il tlnici Uy
. uRf-ilepulina of lliii jicoplfi :ill7, 435 ; i» buiiuhuil lu Vi-
anna in Usui, 433; bin dreuma and €lla|ihyta'a, 3liU,
Aroholaua, auii of Cli(4riiia, 3110.
Arohi'laus, a<>n uf .Mai.'K'l»i<>a, H&i.
■ Areua, kiiix of ihu ArubiaiiK; •J74, 87D, 337, <17, Mi
niakea un I'xpiidiiiuii iu;ainiii Ariatobulua, 'Jill ; autowda
Obodaa, :U7: aHvrdu agraora lu Ilyrcanut, 417; Ira-
.peaehmSylli-ua, jointly with Antipulur, b<'fi>rul.uiaaf , :I44.
Arotaa, kiiig uf CoduayriU, niukva an o»p,iditioii into Ju-
dea, 'tin. ,4
Arctaa, uf Piiira, 357v3««.
Ariocli, KUiituiii of IVnliunlittdn«r.iura lifa-guarda, SIX
Arioii, Iri'U.orit of Alo««iidrii», iM4. > ,
Ariatma, or Ariatiuua, ono of I'luloiay rhllnddphui a life.
«qard«, iim.C /\
Ariatobulua, «V of Hyrrunua I. itil ; tlie firai biKh priiai
who a»«uiiicd th« tilti uf king of Ihu Juwa, ibid ; ralird
Philluluii, ur lut(er uf Ihti Orwii", 527^
Ariatiibiiliia, aoiwif Aluxulicliir Jijnpnu", an culurpriahi)?
and bolrl man, \177 ; coniiilafna ufthu riiaiis-ia, ibid ; tf^
pruarhiif liia iiiotln'r .Xluiandrii, ibiil; >'nd«iiviira to
' take poyavaaiun of ^I kinsduni dur.iiiK lii' iffotlior'a lifu,
ibid; ti|tb,>a with kia ulilir bruihi'r llyrcunuH fur lliu
crown, SfTrij hiiJiita liiin lu an acruiniiiuilutiun. 'JIH, 417 ;
•enda a i;ublnn vinr lu Tuinpoy, ii'O ; hiaiV"'''''" bruiifilit
caplivo 10 Rumu liv iVililwy, -iei ; iMiaiiea out uf (iriauu
but ia lululcri iiml fc-nt imik a;:ain lu Koniu liy tiuliinius
9)3, 430; bin firnini'aa in .idvir«ily; *-3i i« iiui«4inod by
tha partisuiia of I'unipi'/^ 2^4 ; iiis cl^ildrtn, ibid.
Arittobulua. MA'.uf Hurud Ihu (Jruat, 31U; miirrii'a lier-
nici), 8alunM''M''>UKhii'r, :ti4; ia put in priaoh, 3:il-; ; ia
accuaud by liia I'ltliur in uiKaaai'miifvnl Ik'rylua, and run-
domneil, ;)4ii ; iaairiiiiabd, ;t<l, 44J ; Ilia Pljililrun, 343, 44a
Ariatobulua, ann of HoriHl, kii>(! "■' < 'bulitia, 4(H, 371.
Arbiuibulua, aun of Juaoph and Mariuiuiiu, :iu7.
Ariatobulua, aou »f Ariatubuluit, mid brut her to the famoua
Marianiiiv, a biautiful yoiilb, la iiiudu high priuat by He-
rod, 304 ; ia druwni'd by Ihu atcrut oriltr of Ihu aanw
Horod, JU, »:t5. . .
Ariatobulua, aun uf Arialuliulul*and ib'rnice, and grand-
ion of llurod Ihu flroul , mff.
Ariatuci'acy the.bi'ai furiii uf goverjiniDhl,!)^; inatilub^d
in JudcB by^li|lii"iua,4IU. ' .
Aritbmetii' and Aairuiioiny came fromChaldca to Egypt,
and thuncu intuliroioi', iW. \
Ariua, thu kiiui uf ihi^ Lacedcinoniank, tends a lettiir to
Oniaifc thii htgb pri>'si, 24.'i;
Ark uIOihI, iia ili'ai<ri|iui'ii. W; taken by the PhUiatini^a,
III); rnali.rcd lu ilii! I"r*liii|!. Jlti; rarried to Juruaa-.
Ill) ■ d I df- ■' i-i "■■■ 1 .u'" ■■'' O'-^d-o'ioB-, after it '■"■'
lie<r wfih AmiMniial III , -
Ark f V(«h whin u r <inl *» mcniinnodby «ttbar
barian bull r II <'ii) ) in t mniiia luiv priWvBd, 3IWj
Armaia kin^ ul l^^i)'' ''"'
Arminiarainiiwund bv Am iijHia 107 ( itya king of tho
IjesBi r Arinoiii[i^*''5 i
Ar'non * king ol Envptt Vi \
Arinury of David in the K inpit, tSKi
Aronhait* or Aniiariali iUJ « "-
Ainliuad tl "
Arantiua (Pu<iriaiiiB.)JK"
AruntiuH a'liiilu" ) (HI, . .« >
Araiirn kiiij;uflb< }'aribiiiiiii 3(>4, 306. \
Artalwnaa, king of tlin -f ^rtkiana, MIS, tH; k* tin «•
laataa, 3UU ; ia kindly riu«iir<id by bim, and raalond %»
hii kiiigdom.^40U; di<'B, 4lild.
Artabaua, iw Artaviadi<a, aon uf Tigranea, ia fiTaa •• ■
preaeni lui.'b-uiiaua by Anioniua, 4.11.
Arlaxiirina, king uf Ihu ruraiana, '.U7; hit edkt aiailM.
thi) it'wa. ^Ml ; rontiadivlvil, *23i.
Ariaauii,, king of Armenia, 3U7.
Arturiua cunningljr aanila kit own lUn, SS3>
Arueaa, 31.
Aruduuv, 31. . .
Alia, king of Jernaalem, IW; nakXannUlua* wUb ttf
king of llamaatua, ibid. ./' ^
Aaahrl, kilkd bv AbD«r, 140. .. ",
Aaamuiinua, !!4H.
Aaamofwana, tliu end of their raign, Sn.
Aacaluniliia, puniahed lur tbtir ilabboruneaa, 9M.
Aaeruiuth, or llalarmavetli, 31. ^
Aaurvmua, king of Ibu TyliaiM, SSS.
Aahikxl, or Aiotuat taken b^ Jonathiui, ilGO ; It* labibll
aiiMplaguiMl un account of tba ark of God, .117..
Aahkuiiai, ;iUr '
Aabiwnai, an eunuch, !iI3. '
Aahur, 31., .
Aaia, ila convention at Anryra, 331 j Vakriaa, profoaaal'
uf Aain,3(*7;>rivu hundrudciiieaof Atia,4ai, .
^aineua and Anilt'ua, two br»ilbrt'n, 37ll.
Aaucliuua or Bhiabuk, king uf I'Igypi, 303.
Aapreiiiia, 3H4 ; cut in pie^it, 'Je&.
Aaaembliea fuiiiiddun to all at Homo, but to the !•«■
ooly, b; Juliui CVaiitf, 'ii'iK
Aaa'a lu^ud fnlai'ly re|iurlud by Apionaaanobjeetof KM-,
ahip fliiiunjr Ibu Juwa, .V.t7.
Aaain, king uf HgypMWHI. ,
Aaayriiiii empire uvi-rtliruapn, 9Kk
Aitariu'a temple, i;W, .VS. ' '- ". » :
Stariua, king uf the Tyriana, Sitf.
^irunumvl' fur ita impruvumont the (Irtt man lirnd nau .
a Ihouaaiid yeara, iiti; cams out of Vhaldea iiito Egypt,
and Iheiici' into Urijece, :U. . ~
Aiyluni, lit right of Baiicluary, bekMi|lng to ao*M loan*
in Juiten, HIK - *
Alhvninnadi'crebhonnri t«IIyrcanui,!K6. v>
Alheiiiun, ^3 *
Atliuniun, a.guneral of Cleopatra, 431 ; hii perfidlunaiaair,
Athrongoa, « ahep heri), crowna himaalf king of Jud**, IH|P'
433; iacun()uercd with hiabrethrpn, ibid. ' .¥'.
Alraiinua, llrriHl'a udi(ocnln, !ll)7. -^
Aiicuatua'a arrival in Byria, '.tM\ hitlattar to llerqd, 330 ;
h'lTda i>, counril almut ilie allkira of Jndea, 333 ; hit edict
and letter in favor of ilie Jewa, :W; ia angry with He-
ro<l, :i3i ; iirecuiicired to him by file meani of Nieuhiaa
uf Uumaaivua, 33U; diviilea Ilcrod'a dominioBar 4M: bl*
ilualh, 351, 4311. . • i
Axiuraniua, high,prieat, 'ill, - ' ' '
Azariab, Ihu prujihel, 1*. , ^ \^
Ay,ari>ia, bi^>b orieat, ail. •' '
Azltriiia, une III Uiniel'a companiona, 913. .' . . .
Am^aa^ucnnunandor under Judai, ia dalknted by Oor-
giila al.Jlimniu«ii.>l. ' « " '
Atiiii, ur llaxu, Si.
.A/'i/ua, kiiiK uf Kmeaa. 400; ii cirenmeiMd, iind mania*
t,I)ruailla, the aiatrr uf .\grippa junior, ibid ; diea, 4tt4.
Azutuai ur .AalidiMl, ita inlinbitanti idaguedon aeeoantaf
the ark of Uoil, 117 ; taken by Jonatban, SfiO.
Acricani; 20t . ■
\-, ■ B, . "f ■
naal,kingofthoTyriant, SW. •
llanl.godoftlieTyriani, 1!W. ,
nuiilia, kincoftho Ammonitra,4l8. "
lladiiab. till' win uf'Btmmuii, 142. . ' "'
BuBfaa, a pinio and 0^ plant theio growing, 309. ' _■
llnnaha, king of Iiroel, 17V ; kiUa Nadab Ilia predaiecaiv,
ibiil; diia, IHI. \ „ ■
llalia'a rliildren proirrve'd by Co^obarna, 314 ; afkarvaid.
killed by Herod, 315.
Ilabylpn, derived from BiAf-\, (confuaiun of lannagM,)
30 ; taken by (Jy/iia under like reign of Ihleaaar, 317 ; tlie
great nuaiticr (if Jewa who liyod lliere, 371'; Nebucbad-
nezzar'a huildlh^iat llnbyliai.!ilt>';,iu walla iiotiiuilt by
8<.iiiirainia. but bV Nebocbadueunr, aceordin^lu th«
((uitimuny of IMronua, SHS; ita walU.durkiiittyliaihb/'
Vabonni dua uf brirk and bitumen. acourdiog to Ihf) faine
Hi man" ibiil , ila (••uaibi gnrdepa erected by Ncbncbad-.
ne/rar in iniitaliun utfthevJtnuuntninauf Media, t210,3lM,
Itaivhiilia OTti aa he atlBckalhe. Jewa, ibid; ho rage*
ta.aiiMl tluin and la alain, 41'i.
Ibid, lurua kin, uf ilie TyiiaiiB.*3('^. • ^^ , J': V
Ikidua ur Bath a Jewiah meaautk, 186. '-^
IbiLoaa, an « unui li 144.
•Ml
I
s^i
Attabaiiua, king|it f vK'Jia 303.
II IM. .^ . ,, , ...: V, ■
Ihgoaei, an • m my of I he Jewa, 9S3t % .- iV ,;
BaVak kii.?of Miaib 85. y 1- ■ . - i'
Raladan king nt Haliylan, 365.
Balaam the pr^phet,'i!,^; hiaatt arieaki. Ibid.
Balatmua. kiug ol tke,jPyrh> m , awl. — — — ^^
'\-\A
,^»
; 'A
TtV;
3C
034
INDBX.
Wl ,
>
IMmbm 1% km( ofiho Trrbiiu. SM. '
HalM, Uf lUna, k\«g at (Mnin. W. .^ „,
Halm, or lUlMini, nimr Jcfichh, iWI, MO, 417.
IWluar, (llrl>h««>ar, nrNnhoomliilu*, at Nnlxuiaillttt,)
KiHg of D«livlon, -JUi; M« lirtlbta vtoion, «iiil In InWr-
nwMUloii, lllJ; hi«()"nih, ihicl. '
BitltliiiMr, (Ihltialitzinr,), UiiiH>r< Mitki, 813.
Ikiianioa, ItW. -. .
Binui, *n hvrinil, Joacphyi'i RMaUr, 3.
Il4r*ehin<, IMI. ■
Barak, ihpIIciI hjr I>>tionih, rnriMintPW Hucra, W'.
Ilaibaiiaiia, lh«ir riclicii llirnwily ciiniiiiiK'il in niltlff, SB;
Burdaima, kiiiK of llio I'tirlhiaiu, 400; h*<» »lnin^ Ibid.
Darin, a (iiwvr liullt ut (rlckataria \tj Uanlul, ttlV<
Darnabuiup, 3^^ .. )
llwiua, king ol'tJomorrah. M. "
Baruch, wpll iHIKmI iiilhn Ili'lirow tonijun, anil Im wMli
JorKBiinh Uiii iitnplici In Judea at tho Itabylwiiiin cUf-
llvlly.ai'i.' .
Bariwnhofiwf, (<)i«rnor in Parlhla, 404.
Baun, or Haiwln, kin« of liraol,(icO; ilnya Nadkbhii
prudoraiMr, ibid.
b«inw, ijr IVinmnlh, 8<>liini<in'« daughtrr, |lfl.
Kakota rarrh-d upon lb« li'"nd, -Ifi.
Hanaua, (Vimlidiiia.) (*•<! VcmWiiia. ,„. „_
Bkiwua, (*ciUiM, BMnkror of Builua C*aar,)9»l. 413. .
Haaav, (I'iK'iliu''.) i" oint wiMi anatm3r.UitaJudiift: ne
b««lei!i;«»nd<ulM-a.Murb€'rna, STO. . ^
Hatha, hoi, at f'altirrhun beyond Jordan, 330
Ihthihtba. 14T. I* t „„
Bath, «r Badua, » Jowlah.Piouiii«, 166
B«lhylluf,4»
Bathylluf, Aullpitirr a (m dman, 3W '
Bntmrlnn ram ila dpai rif tioii, 4i<i< ^ .m
Balilii al I'arirhi a, opoii tbo Lako of Oonnoaaiero, *J«
BMlMihrnti. CW
Bela, or Zo«, Iha klnu oC i», W , , ^ , „ ,
BebUatiur. or lVill8aa»,"or Nnb<«in<I< liia kinR nf llnliv
hkii, SIO, hit |ernl)hi>V|iiun, and ita interjtfi fatiun .!IT ,
hiadiialh ibid
Baltfabaiiur, Uaniila nanir SjYl
Bl-lua tho fiixl of tho T} riaria, WJ' , , , . ,,
lirlua, thi ,'Wl«f tho ))a).\l miim^an, bla IPmp » llifr? ib
Bentiah, a pnoat by liirth ivmnn nf vnlor, Ij» *'""^
JehoUda. Ulli inadn romiimndcr uf aoino troo|»i of Hoio-
mtl 1«3, aonof AehiUua IM •
fl«n«flruneo ita nimini ndntmii and reward, IT?
Benhadad (or tho «.>n uf llndml ) king of Syria l>f air-jri a
Samaria lh*> firat liino, JH J tho a^oond luiin, IK), lalla
(iek, and it •moth<'rod bv Ha»iii<l I'fl
Baojamiwa aro ailuckc il Jor thoir Knoimnua rritnn at i.i
baah, and at laat tarribly dofoatod and rut off, 107 , their
iriba raatorad. Ibid
llafai S83.
Betnic«, danirhtcf of Aiiriiipn a»ni«r, 1B7 »ho m n>arriod
to- Heriil, Ajiripim a brcilli' r 1 1 ».
Bnrmoo, A^npnaamolliT .h t "kW
Il^mire, Arrhetaua a and Miiimnim a diiivhn r 40:t
Bornire thn widot» of HuM nmrMc * I'idimun, 403,
IcaTPa him, it^tjt V km
Birnieo 8alom«ad«<ii!lilcr-Ar.iitol.ulu.a wifi 124
Bernieo Atripjarn-iU'iL »«f "•Jblfr, «nil j inior'a "lator, Uj
dannr of lu-r ITfo 4trf* * , . , ^, *.
Rrritfrnnua IIikMoH hal«i;(««)n_bvlt'rmpc hiabrotlK'r
AiWippii.a 'InU^bUT Ki" L ' „ , , .
Bervtin wluw Uli'n iii»«ifl) (« m ICrr. d and hia anna
w la (l( haii'd HI a^inini rt or i-ourl, 33:1 r*"*""!'" '" >"5 "'
Iterytua m . If ,
H calm I and Miolub, anrrid architcrta IV. ^
,«i«thnn,i»l , , , a o« «.
BirthdavofPlnlomvaatn ki-pt by tlipSytiana, 2« , pr?
acnta niad<- thi>reupan, Hi
, Bobclo»«!4 ,
Boprhoria kiiiir of Eitvpt "m-
Book ofiho law found 5)7 '
Bboka cfl<npo«,d by Solnmnn 104, IWntv two moat n
orodbookanmniiKth' Ji»«, >!' , , . j
Boor, of Flrniflri-h ■ fitinil* II i^bia kindncaa towarda
•Huih ihid h« mirrii 1 1l' r iliiJ
iBrari n vi latla mori «nl«ttbl thin poldi — *w
ttiAv, how ahK w«» to iiart fromanothatteftucdtomarry
tei aorordinj to thf law of Mowa, 1 ll
Drnaiinirua, aoU.of Clftudiua bi(,Mt«aalina, 463
Britona 55"
Brocrhiv A IrAnnp. SW . .,
3tntii< r,-* title lyhirli Ali«ni»pr Baloa p«o to Jonathan
» hi?hi>ru»t 957 , »h' ««nio tltlo wa< niao given hioi
DentptrMa S,dfti 2tvl , , . i.
laekle or Iniiion, a ,..Jdi n (tno, acnt to Jonnthnn, hv
Al<^andi<r knmif Svlni W) and by Uometriua, »>!
Baiiki, aim of tbi«h«ia, hi.-h pm-at 163
in furor of iha JaiW, *J >* mll»derri by Urnlu* m4
i.'uaKiiia, V>l.
Cifaiiriu. built by rintod. 3r.ll It wna fOO fWrlonga ftom
Ji'rumli'm, 414. ^ '
f»«uifuii iranwa inatltnlpd by Ib'twl, 313. 434 ! Iifgun tl ■
llm lliil«hiiij"ft'n<nn'« AiidUBla, a-il'. ,
t.'ii.ai'uiua I'.lua, Mcaidniil iil'filliil. S7I.
fiiMoiiiu, wifp of I'jtjua, kdli'ifflv l.gpua, 3W.
Cain niiwdira bia hrotbiT AIh4, 2iI 1 hla puniabnniit, iUd ;
h« piiM«l<a tho laiW of NoiyW.
Ciiiii", «|m,M>n"f <i"'rii«nlpu«, ia nindn pmpfror. SvV; pan
Tilan«Ktlni(irandwi*nif Til«riua llwomiaror, todinlh,
iltM;Mpi"'"'l'y' ">''* ' >>'■ labnviiir in Ilio povrrMiiitnt,
Slid; ho ordcra bia amiui- lo bi'oriMlcd in tin' trMUjIn ai
rruoali'm, 473: grniinc a Ajirippn, nod fi'ibida im rao-
tlon,;n«;hiakii<'ra m.Pj'iioriiiia, ibid; hi" nu-ca ntfalnal
ih« Ji^wa, 3rt); onllaligfilir iho bmilu'r of Jupirir, Ibldi
n roiiajiiriiry fiirniiiilSHBai tiiiM. :tf I ! llin ronapirnlnra
Inifi-H* iitiniin H-r.HWIiiad.nih, >,? hia Ihmiiininj
h'lti'i lo IViniiu* rrTardi'dtillhu \m»itra<l<37tl 4U);
hi^ ihiiiaciir, Wit. _ '„ „,.
«;iili'V,o'l<" il">' a«ar(!b<'d \\h\ Innd oft atiaan, 78, 1«3.
(JiilfJlBBilr'n) ncnr Daphno or I»i»n, IlKi.
f.illR,'3M. -V.
(iillWinndor, STO. , -i ■_„ ,.,
tSllinic'ua, aon lif Aiillochua. linirif V"nimogcna. 5i I.
'Ciiliialua, a frii'd-mnn uf tluiiia^ 3.^3. , , ,
fViinliyM^a auficcuda Cyrua, '.»••»; dipa liftrr B ri)i£n of ai*
yiiira. ibid. , ^
(>mp of llir Jf wa 77- r<- •i.-^M-'i""a *"
I nmui I or K' mui I N'nbor a ai n II
{'iiiinan Innd of ila di uripliim »nd dWiaion lOJ
Ciintilniii adi«tri«a|» "' " •• M'tv^K'T an apindron-
A ..r J ..I fill ^„r ,1 iinlllKta
Stnttii r;
IM hij*
Bsrthuv {)i<ru'ant''<k4ccr<>(«ry,405.
irnrv to ib< rommni'd of tinl ^
n.'iinKi thi ifl l>y till irilwiaof Jnil-ih mill rim on initi
('hiiill ^r k III tfii mill ri iirln ii>i
I aiifli r It rt iHovud from thi- hiifh prn mbood, TIH ■*
IWIlua, ainof AnulldiNB, „ . , ,, ...
t iinii ..iMxiilnriiin or rri|iminnriinJfiinifrMl af ld|i<rai4M.
< iipil i| thai lid nf thi- (riuinpliiil hIiwuh .Wt
( nplH"" of 111" J< «" how niiiii\ Idli <l and li iw mntij
kipiiiliM "o i iii| iiviaiiirili f III ilir iriu ii|it ibid
( ap1ititii|iil III no uiid 111 till, tttu Irilira Hi
I iiri i< (Kan ili) .Ml >
(lima lliroilainiainito 314 ^ r'-
tinHUiiikr gimriia Mn/tdoiiui oO" r AlfxHnder'a iJeath,
'13. ■
( omnia I.<in(;inHa. proidirtit of fun 2«1, 302 fnviirt
Anliiiiin.rnTid-H'r>«l ifi ' PiIhiI" Pnrtbinii'" mid llirn
ritir -loluilni y^a *I7, H •! I iili d ill Phlllippi .e'^-
(^Mulli a or nl(idi>t«, twont J< rumli hi oiio in tho ally, urn
thoifli r by Ibi ti inpl. 'iW IN t(d ,
< nator tlic i" « , hia i iinnmjr Irn k i »
Ciiat ral ion of mi n oi bi nai a fi ilinld. n bjr Ih^ law of MiH
Ma 'Hi, yonng mm of rovitl lilix'l niairnlid by Nrhu-
rhudiitrrara order, iwd aimm/ mlil ta Ihiuiil Ibii pro-
plKt 213 , „„ .
(Vlallna, gowrnor of l-ih\n Pontnialilnnn "iif", hia «•
lumny pijiiiiial thP Ji wa ihid hia d ulh, oKiMlio ditrins ,
VI ivi imrc on liini .Wi
» pririna Iln»«u« tli« murib-r r of R xluatVanr, 21>1, 4SJ.
i I i-iiina Mi, m-iiI to Vi apa«i.uii ibid
«MH.Iii« B" 443 . J,
» I |i ndi ria, 44(1. , .,,
<<l'r ninbuni 40»! i« put lodi atli ibid
( III) I »mn ts5 ... .w- .m/
t nib Ik ua rqniinao'lor of \i iiiohna'a troopa '.In 4|B
(,n<nli» lP<tilin«) wnt a iinat tho HnmTiritnn"/4'll ;
itinrplii s i.iwnrda Hi bron 'till i» ord' n d In ntiqfrk tho
tempi 'wl calltd lo a rouiuil of wnr about /i« tern
c'laliiMHnllii" prraidiint of.f<\rin 13 4W ^(thxra an
i(fHi\ miiiim tho Ji wa, 471, intora Jtnuuhih. 475, il ,
la-atcn 4Tti . ,,, / ■*
( haniriK Kon of Nnbnmoa jli
riialiimiin kin|!,ofl|»f Svrinns, 147
I hlini' or Ham llin i(on of Noah 9<l, bia pnateritv »
tbuiiiiin, orCantinn, llioaonol Uiiin WJiia poatcrity,31.
t liaran, or llaran 31 /
tlinres-iflO,di a, UK .'«■-,
( biilurn or k' turuh Alirahnin a laat M rn, 1)
• "III broil, kinu of ttvplW) /™.wi.MeiB.
Chi bron orllibrilft oliler than »|6mpbn, (TWllf.) BIB,
liiki n b\ tbi Iiraelilia 103 .
( hP'larlTiiii' r '12 .
« III II.P* km.' nf tlK-Tyriana, Vn "
I IH I int -TO iVl' / ' '
t b liiin nrChilion 113 / «. n^ia j__
i hi ri ii" l< iiaiiiiiJ) i« »lirr«fl up aeniBM Caioa, Tt*l (Irjwj
oibrr- iiilo tho ™ii«pityf>. dud, R"«» Caiua the Bf* ,
l,li» l^t Hli,b.ad..Xt"i-J \
rill -iibiin lb ir i.li»|«^'in>t kiio«(n, Hk ^
id, Nnhnr a inin.X<l' ■ ■ — . — -
«•. '
*i«-
I,' |Mn> Nihor'a aoo, 39.
c.
Ctaitt^\j»liui,) makei war "in t(j[t«,S8», ^jU,(««rcci
( b iini iir Kitlttn a" , . ,,«
nnl'lreri mil nUnMn like their par»n»t, lia
thrut and Chryiliaiu, 364, ^
^ ^'
w O
■ >' ■
■ .' ' ,K4-^ '
;;. :%
u4
)«i
Ml
[Wtl
filh,
«ni>
n HI
itnal
hidi
Llnri
nl"J
rii*
(■on-
inrtd
,4M.
mnny
lid.
Imth,
aVort
I (hen
•il'3.
r. and
rM»-
«f htt-
till ri*
Itvina
, 42S8..-
4/
/4!il ;
rkthe
B lem-
ur* an • ,;
■*■.'■'.' ■
itt.31.
D MB:
he VII <
INDEX
035
ChMUthei, or Cndwn. llw kinf of A«)fria,o|ipf«Mi Iha
lartWIMoi, lOH.
Clivti. "r llutiil, 1*1. ... ...
Chuthi'Hiia, I iam|>l« of fmh»,) whn their were.and «fh«iir<i
tliet riiniu, lOKt ; «•> li> Huiiiiiiw, KI3; nlndei llw nbuild-
Inn ul Ibu litinptii, 'iO.
(^hiiianiui, 4tlU. . . _. . . . , akn.
C'lixuimiawii u ri:«'i»«d I" Ptletllne by the J*w». W7 ,
lie luititution, a:i;lhe AiehmiwclrcuihcleeihelrthildJfn
•ft.f Ihii thir illi yi'«f (il Ihuif •««, M; lh<i riyiwiii in
i'liitiiinii fiTi'im liriuiii'i"!"" ft<"" 111" Kiiyiilinn*, w
cuidi'iiii 10 ll«iail<i(u<, lirt ; ii.ll lo bo (otri'i uimii tuf
boil), ill Ihi' Miiinioii of Jm«'|ihu<,Hjlho lilunirMin foirod
1^ l»i c-ir«uinri«il, "f ••■ii»« Ihuir country, hy Jiilui llyr-
" uniii, vktri; ihii )lui«aiie (breed la b« eircumviwd by
Arl<ii>bulMi, iCii,
Clawirti, .liiil. . ,
CUn.liunCurar, ;if7, »«; hii ie drained out of ■ cornfi
» ta Ihu iinirrial diguiiy, 4liO ; be i« lavnrml by Ibo airniy,
3U0; bit lilM-iuhiy u* A|rri|i|ia, lIWi biitJiot in favor
uf llii' JiiWK, :ilU; hia li'llvr Uithu Jowl, 31*7; be dwa,
4Ui, W-i 1 hia wife Olid children, ibid.
Wini "',••'"— _. ,
CbKiiMiira, dimuhlcr of Anlioohui, married lo Ptolemy,
1M3.
Cleniiuira, wifo <if PhilomiMfr, (iUH, 5B«; ihe lakoa up
anna aauinal I'loUniy Kiilhyrda, 'Jn3; muku an alliauex
with Alo«iiii«uri -rA; luki»Utol.miai., ibid. ^J V '!"" ,""":T"."\"'"" • ';■ ,■"
mcoilau ". wilV. iiVu.i^ui.. U.. l»7i mariiud lo AnliBl'I .AnlnKhw K,n„b*ioi, m
chliartiiliir, ibid. ■ ,•,,.., . i~,.
, Cb-opHtrii, (iMiciuifEaviil, rtPi'li Antony InJ-ilUiirtKH,
her craidly and aviuitti, '.Wi, 4;U ; kilU h.r aiator Aim-
nan, :IMU; obiuini IVoni Antony a jurt uf Arabiii ami
' Juili'U, ibid; U'lnpiallrriKl tolie wilblier,il|id|«>llvtod
ifoniluiMa l»r iiiwanla Ksypli '.KIT. ., „_.,.,
Oloi.imlrii, (Sijlfni-,) biiaiiuiid by 'riiiranin, 277, 41(1.
llh-uiMiira uf Ji!ru»«l'in, IhoSvil'i) oMlcrud, .Hi, 44.1.
Oiiipittni, wit'u ol'Florua, 4|||[
C'l«»iua, :1H4. J... . .. ^ai ..I
Clilu-', iiutlmr of n rubcllinu "» Tibcniii, Hi culiolf nil
left bund by lb" mdfr of Jun'phua, ibid, 4t«.
Colifiis, lCii.ii*,)i!iiJ. , , „„
Cploni.a within anil wilbiiol Ilnly.a'S.
Columin, or pilliira in tin- land of Biriad, 87; of the Oi-
rinibi.in otilor in d<>lvm"n'i palaco. 1*0; m llurwli
Um|'K',.'>:iO. ., „- • ._ I
Comiiiunltmiinti wiilti'n niion two labb-ii, 11. i-wiiilon iiy
thir iiiinii (if Uud, ibid ; iioi lo have their »ury word! pub-
iilbcd, iWd. . ... ...„
•JompiiaH eniior (pittcn than maintuined. Id I. ■
CimwiciKui of iriiod not.iona i« laftr to ba relied on. than
on lliii nuicoarmtmi (if evil (1001.44.
Coii«piriii'y»«ninalllcro(l,3Hi. ,_ ....
; Conviiiiloii of Aain, ai Ain^yru, Sll ; CDn»cnlion at J«ru-
CoiKiui'us, procuriiinr of Juilim^ 3fO. 3B3. 435.
T'oruriiiuH, a(i«h,'4!i.-<. „ • J , ' . „ „ on.
• loroli. (ir Kiynli, riii«« a lodrilon againit Moaei, H);
Cyreneank darUnl (Vom Iht Lir^demoniiDi, 410. .
t'yiUa, iiiiii (if IVraiii, VI7 ; initiam a lu ichulld lb* 'aw-
lab (1 iiipl", 'J)!>; ■•'baai'i ih(< Jima I'luui thnir Ka'pllviiy
by an cJicii ibbi; liii iloaib. WH.
C'/rua. ihc ion of Xi-ma, laibil by llin draaki Arlaa
cixra, niwbi ki|)(, 1N7 ; liia kiiini luwiiiidiuf IM edkl m
■ llamaa, JiU. '„ ^. ,■
■ ■: ■■ V - > -. \ ,-. . .\
IVmiina.'^nS, . ■ ^i,
Ihiiion. Ijiir Itod of AaMlod, 117: hIa (rmpl(« bumi, V».
lliiniai>ri>'iH> 0(>l(Hii«a liiiiw|»il< il inKi lli|;ln'r Mitilia, 'JUL
IbiniuH iia luki'ii by Tidhtihpikaer. 411; lakou |iy tba Ko;
niBila, -.T,!. . \ 11
Umn built by the Itanit(«. 107.
lliiiinua, or lliriiH-ui, kiiW "f Kgypt, SM). ,
Daniel Ihn piiiphi>t,'Ji:i ; laraalratcil wiib hia niitijwniain,
Uiid; Ik'ir auairriiy oAlifo, ibid; Ilanicl fori'lidU tba
timca uf I'ului" (nrnliiAlil4 ; Itlla Niliurbadmliar bu
drrain, mid iiili'tpriia ii\tii him. ibid ; Mjinmiied *ir ii.
'Hi ; hia riimpiiiiiuna are (1>M inu a Ibiy I'uriiacv, il)id .
Uuiii.'l r>|il»iiia tbii badiiwriliiiK u|ain ilic widl,. iil7 ,
carrb d iiilii Media by IkuWa, ibid; la niailn dim of lb«
Kri-iid«nta of ihn kiiM|ihart, ibid; a ponapirary anlnat
im, tbid ; ia ibruwiriiiui\tl|u lion'a ib'ii, ibid.; liiiUdi
a tiiyviir a( & liuinna, UIH ; Uhi nwiiiicr iin'd rcrluinty of
hia proiibeniea, ibid ; liia vlVhin uf tlii^ r'ani and the be
Koar, ibid ! hia |iio|ilii!<.y of i|h" diatruoiiiin of i^u Juwr
pcriihiia with liH faciinn, i"i
(Mi\mit, iir icrrel In aaur(\ 4.W.
Coriiilhui, onoofllpriidi lilo-goardl. 344; an Arabianty
birlli. 444.
Cornoliui Fnuatui. »on (if Sylla. 2fi8, 418.
Curnrliua. Ihn brolb.Tiif LuMtua, .V);t. ," .
Oorua. a Jcwiali imuhur.' uf ten auii; mcdimni. 79.
Ciietuliurui, an Idumi'im. **"l'ii««"« huabund. U14.
Coeliilmrua, a riii;;!. iiibr (if Ibo robbcri. 4U7. .
CutvliO. iir /('tio. i^i*►, 413. _^ -
Cut yK, kln|» of l/-»«r Armenia, 395. T
Covv. Ilti- red rdw.iur purilicatlon. M4.' ,
0(abi,iiMidiiiiiiii"lii»cminii, 1*7, _
Core, (ir K(i7,Ct un idol of the Idumuani before they turnea
Cruaaufi, t'dvi^rnor oftbc oail,i!ucc(i;d«(;nbiniu*(9Kl; ar-
rives ill Jiiib-n, and plundi^rilllo toinpln of iV^'eainrci,
ibid, l-JII; iitrialMi ill on cipedjlioii ugainit the rar-
thiana. iliiil. A
Creation of Ihi? world. a>. ' 'r
Crimea arc ciirduruiiir by mdulgenno to than that^com',
mil Iheni, lili. . _. . ^
Cittwn.or mitrB,(ifllHl(i;h prioM.TO.^ ' i
. CuiiUiniiK, ifrornriitur (if Joib u, 401, 4iil. ;
Cur.iPB (b'lHiunrH'd I'riiin iniiuiil Kbnl,ll7, 1W._ _
Cu'piua Failna, pr(i(uriii.(f of Juib a, Sit!, .W7. 46u.
■ Puatow. (ir Axca (.r.-'irni, I'hanieia. Jadea. andjsama-
rio, H)llt)ittlcjita,'.;i;i. ■ ' .-■".'
Cvnroa, hiiia'Airripi«i'i(»ili-,4(Vr)..^ ,. --
• CVprlia, AmipaH'r "'■"'"•'■« iff, by whom ho had foLi
ch»ldr.ii«*<4,.4i1L , ; ' , „.., ...
^SiCynnwv Ant ijmir.r'H lUwSlitor by Cyprtia, 3iiH ; marrifid lo
/v^AlejaRSiJi^iaa, ibid- . ■. . _, ,
w^f^ypriw, llcru^'i iluushlcr, married to j(^j«iiiator, Balomo ■
•■ Kin, ;h;7- j 'i ' ■ . ,* . «■ . . j^
Cvpr.w. dnufehternfrhaaaelua aijdgolan^iio, married te
Ibo Komana.'ibiJ ; iil' iIhi nrul'ahation lif lh« iehuile by _
liiiicbna Epiphilnci, SWO. \ '
IJurda, im. \ ,
Unriua, Ihe aonof Aaly.agca,eBniyt by niiiii lirr nsmb amnilf
(iic«r((*i,ai7. \
Dnriua, Ihe khi of Ilyataapea. i^ad" t.iii.-, iBO ; niakca a
apbnilid enluriaiiiineiii, ibid ; propoeia iiuialiuiia lo Iw ri j
aeivi'il, ibid ; lii< li'ltera in fuvi^ of /(irubiili.d, lor r( *
bnlblinu III!' Il llHiie, '.Vi ; liaa »'vrn»'a rec iirda acur. lie d
almut that leiiiple, 1M4 ; giv"« lildera lur iia rebuihliii;,,
ibid ; hia edict 'againat the MiniarUuiia. ibid. |^
UavidV Itnnealocy. 1J5; ia aiMihilijd by Hnmoel 127.
piayaui»ailholiarpb(/lii-eHMnl, ibi(l\;iI;bla<i(Hialli, IJH
liia'und J.iiwlbnii'a friiiid»bi|i, IJ:»,'j;l.'l; iii reiondhd Id
Saul by Juiiaihan, lit; Ik m iliiortr dflieiiif kilhd bf
Haul, iMl; bia (liKhl, ibid; he aparia Piinl'" life twin
Ul, i;i5i ptiimiaea loaaaiai the kill^'\lf <;alb, 1.111, pur
auiM alter llie Amab-kiiea, and pm.< iNi m t<i Hj|lil fir'
iiiokiaa fuueriil«raii(iii fur Ijuul and Jm iiih*B. 1 f i«
iimilo kiiiff of Judah, 14"; "iid uf iliA l»fuelil.'» I4i!
lal^ea Jerutalnni, 14;i; cnala Ihu i|ebu<ilV'a (iidnf il, il id
inurriea a<^veml wivea, and iiijielii cji yen (.biblifln il nl
conipiera the I'jiilialinea, 144 ; baa llie ar1( lairied lu J(
ruaal(im, ibid ; ia rcpidaehed by Mieliul, ibid ; |iur|aiin
lo build Ibo temide', 14S; bia viclnriea, ibii^; hia lil» ruin >
1(1 MephilHiabrlh, 1411; he liilia in love wiyh llulhalitbo.
)47 ; euuael liriali to bo aUiiii, ibid ; nmrrii-a UaihalH bii.
14«;; ia reproved for all bv Nailiiin ihe priipV'.ibid, hia
Min by IbifhalKha diea. ibiit ; he ni«urii» fur Abaaloni I
dealii, IM; urdera the jiidpbi In be HuniUKd, Lu*
chniwi tliii la'ardenen rallii r than faniiiH' nr ih( iwbid,
i1iid;niuke» ([real prepnriiiiuna fiir lb. liuiidiiii of llio
tempi.', I3!l; I'uhorU Huloniiin luliuild it, ibid, nil di
yidei Uw prieaia into iwonlyfuiir euuriiea, 11^;- he diea
ili'i; ia buried with great p(imj>,ibid; thu treaiWuhid
den in hia niiiniinient. Ibid, 2I1H, 3:i'.V413.
Day unuaualiy kn);thuiied, lUl.
IknUrah, lOO
■»"" Ii • I
\
^-^
:^;-
i.A) .' W [ nia
arii^r, ■rii ^ l y ni ^^^—
or^iiriniui. 360, 572.' Ji*,^ '
Ureeua'.'d, what earn wni taken of llie in by the Jowl, t/U
Doerei* of llw Kunmnl. 4cc. inlavoj of the JowiwiS'O
'jHH.afl*.- ■ ■■,'■■.■•,..
Delliui, Iho wiekcd, 3U7. 303. 437. ...,
Delude, 2H. 4Ut^
Uenielriua, niabarrb a| Alexandria, 404. "^'^
Uenietriuiillie aimnf Uenielriua. jiiiiia wilh JuS^tbanand
Piideinv bii fullier.in.hiw, npd rominers ijle^iandor 801.
called Nipniur, ibid; hia leinr in liivn^of the Juwl,
ibid ; ia bated by ilio Anli(»'biana."il*K; breiika fi n ndahip
with Jiimilbnn, ibid ; ia conquered by Anliorbua, and
flies intii I 'ilicia, ibid; ia made priaomr by Araacd and
releiiseil.;!ia;.Trylili(Vrel»^l«n(!aiii»i him. BM; i> hated
bv the ntiny, 4117; iadefealed, and fliea in vain KiCleo-
•piitra h,i» wife, ibid; gik'i lliciiee ioTyrc, ia iiiadt ptiap-
ner,lind did, ibid. . 1 . . ,
IVnietriua Kiiclriia, fuurlh Don of. Anlinebna rvpua .1*
ro«# kinj (if Syria I)ainna(y;nn, 274 ; pi* naaialaiKO de-
ifcaiiy the Jiw*. 'J75; lie iiinlc* war l>|«A|Abiiaiider
ami Comineni him, ibid, 41.7 ; lie inakea »irr «ilh hia hm
lliec i'hilip. il eurtied piiumi I into Paribiu, and 4ki
• there, 27.'>. . . , .
Dumi-'Irina of findara. Pompey'i frcoiLipan, oblalm the
rebuihIinKdflbat eity.i^ii , . '»Ui^ v .-* v.
PenKiirioa Pbahrcua, keeper of Ihe Ah iaiflr^jktil.rary,^
S3(), .v.!"; bia peiiiiuii in kinc Pliilaililiil.ii-, i37 hi pla
"ce« Ihe M!ventvtwii,inierpi(lerB near ilie aenaiib , 340
liemetriua filler, win id' Seleuen,.., niiule kins uf Syria,
aSt ;■ nuia king ■\nlli>elin> to di aili. ib id ; >eii di Itacrbi-
del and Nlcauor. agunat thii Jewr, ±>i Vi^ i bii cbaiai.-
■'-«-.■ *.•
t'
■■>.■■■ '■
:-r
>■■'':■
■<. t
:1^.;
M'
m
INDJiX
I* kUM lu ^1
Mr, IbM ; Jila UtUr lo JoMtkaa, VJ
m*t tuaiiMi Aloiandar, iW-
I)iiiiiui<iki«,*itt3.
Ulam'> iiimpio M El>a*ltla P*nls,)in;eouU7 INmm'i
Kmpln In £f ypt, lUb.
Dikliih. :il.
lliiuih, Jueob'i dtufhui, il
DlnrU'run. 1U4.
Dkidurua, MHI of JaMMi, VW.
Pkidomi, or 'ri}phn,V|Utl. ,
INonv'lua, lyimit ufTriuuli, 990.
l)ia|iliiiiitui, • lurnvi iiriuiiiiri, 330.
llivutrii, what nrv ilin riiux-t uf il, (M; vrholhar U bo law-
rulVuiawir't Miw'ndabiUufdivoicuUilMr '
^,/
,314.
|>cMi Ihn Hyiiiii. IJ-J.
Do(a\ irruirfiDf lo £lij«h'a fiiifhtcj, duvoui Um body of
JonMiH, 191.
UoUbVlU't hll«> to ttas£phMi«9»' io fiiTOf flf tb« 4«wt,
Dutnuk. M4.
DomUiV kind 16 Juwphut, St.
Opfiiitirtii ion III Vi'ipuiift, l»ia*de nujant in hli btbor'a
• ibMP^i^, XiA ; ii kind tA Jnwlihui, Si ; bU •liwdilioo
«CafaM\«hii (irrmana, SOU. ) < •
Dtanitiuathliinua, 53U.
Ouii«, ll<<rcHr»llratwiru,9)3;iaitialhiif orAnli|Mter,M3:
ia ex|M*ll(Wl tlifi niurt, 44^ ^
Dnriana ci^cct Onaf r'a auto* in f .Jawiali ajraifpiw, 304 ;
Voiriiiiiiiiii'a edict ngalnat tbam, ibid.
l»..ri»ilMu«,\!iiO.
llMlUii,
l>i>>il)i>'U>, 4 Jaw, hki poradiouaneaa, 310.
l(c>iitl>rua,Mf«Hntal orthu Juwa,SU6. ^
Ikivo acnt oiit of llu) uk, at).
Dracii'a laWilMt.
Uroallla', dawhtnr at Afiippa annior, by CypNi, 307;
tnuiriad lo ^liaua, king ui Ewsaaj 403; tluiward to
rulix, priKurUur uf Judaa, ibid. -
l>ruaua, hi'r tirblh«r. :kl7.
I)r««ua, krorhi'l i>r Tilxtriua, 308.
Uurstiun iit'tliotJuwiah law, (MM.
\ E. ■ • ■ ■ ....
Eaglo, golilcn pkflo pulled down friim tlie ftoni of tho
tamplu, 341) ; liiilaing a diigon in liia riawa, ia tiia anal uf
tii« V-ncrdumnni^na, 346.
BhrtKonako, wbenin lh« rollowuraorOatliab and Abinm
wofo Mallowud uk H3. T
Earthqljiku, a rer j^ ircat onr in JuiIob, 30H. ',
Ealing the ainow ubun lb« liip, why roluaed by the Jowt,
■ Bbar,31. ■ I • ■ ... ;■
. Eban, DaTid'a aoD, 1^
Ebuilua,adi-cnrhm,WS; aids lo battle, M, •
RciipaeurthaniiiDn, 3S0. . . *
Ecnfbalua, kins of Tyr«, S(<6.
Eslon, ki«c.o(:AI.oab, oppioaacathe laraelitea, 100 ; iaaiain,
ibid.
Enypt, named from a kins, 5fM.
Eayptiiin kinm w^ro raliud Pbarauhii for 130O y«ara, till
Ine. rci^n of dulonKin, 17l. g
Egyptian flilae pruphrl pui to flifrbt by Fnliz, 405, 163.
Egyptiana, fnmoUK Ix.'furo all oilier uutiona for wiadom,
]tt4 ;. leHrncfl matlu'inutica of Abiuham, TU \ thuir aacrcd
ocrilieaor prioata,i3; tliejr held li uuluWIUl to iMid cat-
til-, 41.
, Elali aurrpoda Bauaka in the kingdoM of larael, IHK
Elam,.11.
Elnannh, or Elkannh, 201.
ElvannliTur Elkiimih, Bftifiuerafiither, 110 •'
Elciat*, the lii((h prii'sli 211^ , - .*■■
Eleatar's houao, 11)0. •(.-...--.
EloQJtor'a <':omin«?ndation,-532.. .
Eloazar, iho aonof .Aurbn, 7^ c
Eloazur, thii aon of Ananioi, ilie high prieat, 363, 470.
Elcazar, tho aon of Dimua, 4U-J, 404.
Elo«i!ar, th0 aun of Uodo, 157.
EJeazar cula nut n demon, IVS.
Eleaznr, thol^brutlicr of Joazar, made high prieat, 3S9;
deprived, ikd. ''
ElenAir, biytlher of Juilaa Moceabeiia, called Auran, 348,
{KSj; ia cruahrd to de<ilh by «u elephant, ibid, 4J|S.
Elenzar, n rin;-leac{ur of the rolilH'rai;3!)7, 572; ia taken
jiriaoner, and aent. to. Borne, 4(M, 463. .
cbmzar uf Maaada'a xiiiiech lo bia garriaon, S75. ;
Elcazar, tlieaai<orMoaea,57. '
Eleazar, tho,Kigb prigat in ilio daya of Joahna, 83; ho
dle«il04y . ,
Eleazar >he high priest in the duya of Phi]ad<;lpbiu, 33,
3t7, pW; bia Intter tir I'hiladolpliiia, 33H ; he diu,!MI.
Elea^Jir, I reaaurer itftlie temple, 2K3. ■ ,' " ,
Elcazar, tliu aon of Sanieiui, bia vulur, 4^. ~ '
Eleazar, the aon of Simon, 47li, 507, 533, ^7.
Ejeaaar, the companion of Bimon; diea,518.
Eloatar, commander of tbe temple, 4V7, 471^
Elcazar takenjiriaDner by Kafaa, 570.
Eleatberi, oi naemen, horaeawn ao oallad, 49^
Eli tba high prieat, 114: ia Judge In laraal aAef
Ibid ; hia prulligkUi auna, 1 15.
Kllakiin, i»4. • , .
Eliaablhlh* high pflRtl, HSU i dlea, 833,
Etiaii, Uavld'a aoa, 143.
Elijalr Ilio prophat, IMl ; hia mirarlea wToiight Air Ik*
wiilowof Hirt'pU,ibid;huureaiinialiima*ir«n Ahab, Ml;
AHeleila rain, 1H3: ihe fafae iiiopheia arh\ilkid'k]r hli
Mdet, ibid ; ealla bw lire from In aiten,''lbid ; ia tofcan ap,
IdU ; hie letter to king Jehorani, VO.
ElinieWch, I14.N
Kliciiwiia, iIhi aon of (,^ntharua, ia made high prieat, 301.
Eliphoki, or Eliphokt, IMvid'aaea, 143.
Kliaa, 3U.
Eliaha, the prophet, tlie aon of Hhaplial, 183, 180; hia ml-
raelea, lUO; hiaihiatb and «iilugium, lv7; hieevrtbf Ike
barren fountain, 518.
Elkmuah, or KIcanah, SOI.
tUkanah, or Elcanak. Hamnal'a lather JIS.
Elinodail. 31. ~ <
Elpia, II. rod'a wife, 343, 44.1
Elilieniua, general of th« Araliiana, 49B.
Eiuleua, king of Iha Tyriana, UIU.
Emiliua Kegulua, 3t<l.
Einnoa, Dnvid'a aun, ICt.
Kneoa, aurnaiiied .\r«taa, aucceeda Obodaain Arabia, 33f
Knoiijieii, Uavid'a atui, 143.
Kneniieti, when emiquereif, may be lalvhlty killed, lOJ^
Enoch, 37. *<• '
Enoch and Elijah Iranalaind, IKU.
Kmvi, theaonofHoih,lk'.
Enaigneof the Komniia, with Cttaar'a image, 303; oterl,
llwia oibmd to tlieui, 5»l>
Epaphroditua, hia character, S3; a great ifVicnd of JoM-
uhua, ttt. >
I'.pheaian4, theirdssrae in favor of the Jom, 3U1.
Ephod, 70. ' - ' -r
Epicralea, 270. - " ;\
Epicureana, their error-eonccrning proTMence eotiftilei),
.m / ■ \'- •: •■
Epiphanea, theaonuf Atitiorhna, kirtgofCiiiinmAgenavSOft
Epiitieof Jiinnllinn lliu hijili |iii< at tuihe l.^'oclenuuliana,
l&Klj^iifPliiludt'luliua, for Ireeing the eapiive Jewa, 237 1
(o* Eleazar the high prieat, 1lii<i; ttl' Holonion, and Hiran^
king of llie Tyriuiie, lil5; of Xeriea tu Eailma, tftU; of
Arlaxerxea lo Ihe KoveriHirN ih-ht Jui1,'a, 2:12 ; of .Antiai>
ehua the Ureal toPloleniy Kpiulmnea, 2til ; of the Kama '
ritana lo Antiochna, 247; ofWexiinder Baloa to Jona-^
than. 257 ;' of Oiiiun In I'tolemy iiuil Cleiiiiaira, 25)1 ; of
UeiiKilriua to Juuatliun and (lie Jewa, SMI ; of Juliaa
I Ca-aar lo the Konian ihagiairalea, 287 ; of Mark Antooy
'toihe Tyriana, 203.
Eaiiu, or ^dooi, 43; hia hiirth, 37.
t^eol, 3,1. ■ '
Enilraa. 235 ; hia grieffor thn-fowign mnrrhina, ibid : he
reada.Ihe law ofMoaea to the |ieople, 32H>; he diea. ibid
Eiuen, or high prie^t'a brcoal-plate, 7U ; when iti| ahiiUngo
Cifkaed, 71. -■*. 1 ' '
Eaaeiiea hunnred by Hirnd, 4iO; are againat ailrearing,'
4511; Iheir mannerH, ritea, and docl^inea dcacrAwd, SIm,^
' ^ll, 4^, 4Sli: theji abalained l><im apoinling the^elvea
with oil, ibid; their dilimmce in reading ilieiriaacred -
bo(ika,4bid; 6iiiK>n the Einen an interpreter of dveama,
:«io. _ ^ .
j^Uier, 328; ia married to the king, ibid; ia cbnecmed
fur I lie Jewa, 330 1 iniritca the tliig and Haman to an oa
leriainmenl, lu. 330. \ *
Ellian. 173. . \
Eihlmul, or Ilhobaluji, king of Tyie, 181, 08$, II8e<
Etlii, or Itlni. Ihe tiittitu, 151. > '
Elhitipiaii romnioditlea, ^T■i, 173. i
Eihio|)i»nB iHirderinz on the Arabiana, 103. . '. \
Klhiiarcli, (Sinuin,) 2(HI ; cdnUacta thence dated, ibtd. \
Elhnarcli,(Arclielaua,)358, 454. \
EuaratuaufCiia. 3:17, 441. I
Euariatua Arrunlina, SHR. \
Eve created, 25 f her full, 20. ■
Evi, king of llieMidianitea, ^ i.
Evilna. lli«aanofC'uah,30. , . H
KviMMcrodach,318^580; , V .
Ktimieha, 00.
Kuudua, frecd-man ef Tiberiuaj 371. ' " '•
Eupi>lemua'« aun, John, 354. f
Eurvclea tlunilere the aona of Ilerod, 337, 440 ; he ritUnif
tonieownoountry. 441. ,
Eutyehua, Agri|ipit'a freednian aiid chnridtter, 369.
Sulychiia, f^aiuffrieanr'acimrbman, 3!ll. ^ ' | .
Exempjl from military servire, who, no. ' 1
Exorciamm or forina uf cusiiiij,' out ilemona, eompoM ij
Solomon, lIlS. ' t
Ezekiel the rirophot, SOH, 211; ia carried .eaptiVe into
BabVbin, 200 ; hia )trajihce.y concerning the dekttalptiM
of the Jewa, ibid ; hia prophecy reconciled to thm »f
\
k.
/:
Jeremioli, ibtd.
Fkbatna, Caaar'a aervant. 344,
PaStne, gmni
f'aWna, i r«i
FariiiMta, Ihi
Kailii.^ (<'u»|
Famuie III' Ji
;il?: nnoih.
iliainill ihml
,lu Ihe tilh
jwal ilfiiro,
'Kruiitoa Ihe I
Fiinniua, a I
Faal.oliaeiv
I'iimpcjf Im
fale. unnfat
tVnatW unl
at fi^aaiaari
animig Ihe
Fi'lirllV lial
„ Ml V m ^
den. 40:1. 4
arrnai'dat
t'Vmii'alaor
"at ih<)"'l'ei
nil'. 44)1 : ii
llenv'lriua
gnrnienla,;
Ci'ljlralrd
lai monrnii
Ihev Ihi'ii
aui'li lime«
fur Ihe all
pie hv Jliil
fV.iiii.fl'i.
iTitiTua, (N
31IH.
ll.iah nflm
, in Ike wal
»Fliij«,(llmi
l'folll4i, <<ie
thernnae
he la d-rli
400 ! hen
Fbnteitn A
Fmihlnlii it'
■ q , wuniterlul
Prienila ni"
" ' Frigiut, ('f
'Frnnln, .W
, FuWid, a"l|
Fuliaa,a c
fjajil, pmt<
Ranm. 31.
Oaliiiriii, 01
Ohhltiino, ;
411I.-
i^nil, I lie p
Civl'ir'i. ii
nrliionera.
tiaddia. (J^
, iialndenit.
<:alba,:i7l
•pirnev. 1
fiiiHb'C>oi
niillk'aini>
(inlhia. (('
* (inilua, [I f
Onllu<(lt
' ^ <fania|n Iw
ijamr* of
Heriid. :l
3.10, 4:VI;
therand
0»nl«, -AVt
become I
Riizn t-aki
.jzennZi-,
Rnmeltua,
naniellua.
Rallv-r, II
fclMlllle g<
•II, liOli.
Cieiimi'in
nera. llie
GerrtMral
Oerizzim
Germenh
iienf inli
Qermnna
>i»; Ihi
ing Ayr
Reaaiua 1
Clanla. 7
Oihenli. i
Qibenniii
their frt
fled for
..■ X. ^, .N.:
INDRXiR
am
Ik*
Mi
kli
»>.
Wi.
sn
Mil'
■Mil.
,3WI.
um,
iram
I; of
ntior
lona'
I; of
nliu
itooy
Ibid
iiUn(,> '
acred -
)U1U..
iriwd ( '
in OB' i..
\
ftUnt, rmmtnr nf DiiMirat, m, m
falHiio, < nnurion WI, i«l.
PartiiiiM, Ihri-x in Jtrunrm, o'U. t,
Kniliiv (t"u«|iiiu.) nnirariliw nf Ji^ili'ii, ^n, 107, W^•
I'limiiH' iiv Juili'ii in IliK tliirlirnih fnt n< \\>fi«i^> rrlfn,
III?', nnnibrr in lli» r»iuniif rinudiiKJ; 7'i.":i"". -illl ; »
ili«)>iiil llimiiw Irt J<>f»»»».ni, .VMt, .11.1; fi.r t«i iiit'» in n liy
,lo III** <ill»*'«niili'*. tilt; HI Httin!»Tln,*'lWr ^^^nwi'iw'n'ii*
'nuiili'iirn, iwo nf Ih* vri'UK'it criliv, 11111.
' rfuiiiiii iIh' ronnnrii dirri'ii in At««r of Ihtf Jowi, OW.
Fiinniu*, R Kmnnn itrrrior, liliil.
rrml.nlnriti'il HI J<'ni>n|ini. nil ; imi Ihasdny a* whirh
I'iimprgr Iniik Ji'iiivUi'm, iliiil. '>l v
r.m. Biinwiiilalil.-, I-T. .Vli, .Vli-, ,M!». .WI, ViX.
iVnrtWQnUinvciicilliri'rMl. Km' pM«i !»■■». Ilwoi'iil*"!!
01 liiiiUiimirrJiiiKl'iihi'irrcminiinii, 'iM; funriiil 1) nata
■nintiff Ihi- J«'W«, 4dll.
IVIii'liy iiiii<.-ri'iil,ll|i> rnunn'iifniiinjr rvlU^ 117.
„ Krliv WW, «:i: lifinht'r iif Pnlliw, unit |ii.iruriiiiif nf Ju-
' den. 40:i. «M, ^Vi ; h« puiiiihra ihn nlulln<i'rs 4115; la
arrUNi'dNt Kiinir, ifiifl.
l'Viiii»'«l« iif liii, lli'lin'wa, T.i; ihriT $iM/mr; iWil. itllJ;
'■I ih<(i"' l'>'»llt«la Kiiman (iiarila wiip |»i«li'il 01 ll»' liili'
nli',WI: immiiriil* Kwiiii'd idoin HI Ihi*" fi«l iirnlii tijf
l»»nvlriu«Hip(i'r.\lV<; n''''""''''"'» IV Ji'W« I" "hliHiin
|InrnMin1«,,'JTI ; and no ilinn iljil ntt miiymii "f mifk, A :
eilijlPBlrii hy llirlii'iiliti'a in iillliKiiii ilnil pli'n«iiti', \'i;
Mil mnMinin^ninKiiiiJho J'Waataurh ijiiH", Vill: mirilid
Ihnv ihin Iruvrl fur. 'AW; Kiyptinn wnmi'n Bpr""'' "•
aui'ti limia ill nilldir. 4."i ; wiiml rnrr Jiil nn ■ f, "I iviil il«y
for Ihi-allnr, •ItOj fi'«iivnl il IImi il(ulii'nli4in irflhc t<ni.
idf liy Jiidim .Mari-nla'nii. •'Mt.
I-Vniiii, (IVirriiia,) prnrnminr nf Jliclrn, 4rt.V li(i (lii.a,,4(Ml.
MniTua, (NorijuiiuB,) proi:im«ul, .til i ppt'iililcnt iif Bytili,
niiH. . .,
Pl.'nh of Immpa, mill''". (k<^ (hrhidili'ii to Ik' hrnushi wiili-
. in iko wtllxif Jiruaiik'ni, 'J4'i. ,
'Flius (111" |!<»I iif.i i "■ llivilzi'liiiU, i\f rihI iif Rkrivn, 1H».
I'foriui, <<ii'«iiiaa.) prmnirnior of JudMii mw, .H'lT, 4im ; i«
lhi> r«u«. of lUii J..WWI1 >»»*.,4, W.I, 4in, 4lH, 4I'.1, 4iiil;
111! i« d-ridiil hv thi> |««i|ili., 4IV4 ; h«' nlu'iidira llm riu^
4«tli hn inluniiiiiiti'" ili<. Ji.w» lij.fiiinr.atim, iMd. ^
FVmtniin A«ri|\pii. killi'!! Iiv Iho fli'v|l\iiiiii<. .WT.
Fmihlaiii iii'nr Jirii'lio, 5lli ; la riiri'il by Klisha, iliiil I
, wondiirl'ul yi[iur, iliiil.
Prii-nda ncvorfVi'i' from wivy, 554, •. .
"' Priiiu«,(Ti1il«,)535. ^ ''4^
■Prnnio, !lM- «^
, PuWid, arifidydcftnudi-il nf licr Ihunry by a low, KJi.
Puriila, a ccntniion.'JH!, 411*.
.■■.■■■ fi.
f}«ii1, prolecta tllh Shcchcmili-i ngolnal Abimflrrli, 111.
fJanm, 31. " ' »"
G«liiiriii,na(:aliKn<a, ^M. . , ^ -
Ohhiiiiiia, !M», 2CI, 41H ; ia miulo preaidont of Pyrin, 5W,
41!l.- . .. »,
Onil, llioproplii'l, l.W. « V
Civlnrn, faki'n hy Vi'i><i.ii«ian, SU; tim Oadarrna mndo'
nrivonrrii, nod killnd, AI5.
daddi*. (John.^ aVl
if<'«Hniiln«i*,M
:t!4, %n ; brr n*
il'iii ; hf.r U
gldr'.n'ii atramgrm, 110; hr (li<-», ibid.
j.i|ih|r>i. 4>iiiilitrr iH' An h, laix, kin(
innrIK d 111 ikinink'r.jbc iiMiof lli'riNl,
niily Hiili MnbMii", M*i. 4:iH; In r |>riil'.
lalluo witin hrf UuBliaiMl wim pui in thaiiii*, 'X^\ Khn la
wnl'bnrk a »idii<rlii Ki'riiiilii'r, ,'144; •!■•' Ix nl'irrwaid
ninrrii'd lii Jlibii kliiif nf l.ilna. tind iifli iftnrd liV Arrh^.
UiM,«tlMwMili <4' JuJia. 3l4l!, Ik f ijf;""i. ""•' d. «ih. Ibid.
Olid, (ibc Iriii' llnd.l bi»iiri«u<.»' To ibf lal»'MiarU',Hi
bia iii>rf» .inly Mhiriim.dlif Jilickin. HM; lit« I'nai'knnW-
Irdiii, mill ihai hia drrri'i-a rnniiiii hn avi'lil,'d,Htt; bia
will ill irri'>iiHilil<', .VI ; wiibnui hi>«ill linihiiiiirun hap-
|w>n,4H; biM priiyldi'iM-n aaai'ri^d, iiirniii't ilM..|7|iiriirrana,
^|H; ihal iiiiibiiii; i* rnni'i.nli d I'rnrti bim. 41 ; it la ilah-
•^rirtK 111 diwilM-v liliM, I'JA; wlii'ibi'i It i« I anirr tiiarnia
liiid or nuiii, l''^ ; 111' Mai'* li«*n«ia In ]iiiiii#li tin' wicked,
KIT ; JudjM'il III il*' only iIh>. Ktnl ui iIh' liljU liy fbn Hy>
riana, 11*; |a wn in fn- im|«i«ril"n li» tin' nirkid, lio:
diilinhta iHil ill knrrifii-iigt liut in itinmI nirii. I'.li; inrallrd
on inllinK of dnn:ti'r, by own Iwd nun, ilV; li'ri ii llafi^
■ luritiiia. ibiil mi'n innv pnyvidi' a^iiiiiHi ilii'ni, 17 ; nlllirila
a^alatniu'O only whan ilir'rtiai' i«ili maiaii , M); il>'li|ihia
lii^tbiaiii thnt proinolo hIa wnnhip, \*i!i; diaroVira bi< in-
I'lnililK iinnw III Mian-a, 37; ii' by iinlnri* iikii ifiil to Ihn
'^mor, «4; ia orqniiih-ai'nl, 44, Kl; hia Ininniy ihiiriiiiMiof
all nii'n'a liappini <>. !*.'■ *
CiHla (fnlmi irniUl of Ubaii aloli'n, fn : nf Ctilbn in IVrala,
liriiuuhl In Hiiniiiria. IKKI; nf llii' rnniiii' n'd Aina|i'kitra,
wiirahipprd hy Ania'nib, l«iri 1 iif Iho 1««IIh'ii, not lo h»
cup«'d or blnapbi'infil. in ibi' opiiiinn nl Jcaophua. 01,
Hd ; llanl Jtbuh, thi> Kml of lli"i! Ill (-'li'n'n, Ii-i*.
(iiilialbuf Anih. a (liunl, liH ; rlinlli'iicia ihn Jrwa lo »
.lainul" I'lindmi, ibid ; ia alnin by Uufiil. I4>i,
•Inniir, oiiiUJoiiiiiiili <, 3|(,
finrpiu'r unvi'mnr iif Jiimnin, ia put In fliKhl,*J.in; baa
lMiiir.«iri.i"«a aflrrWaril, \BI.
(loriiiiiMho Om of Jiiaaphaa, and Hlmnni tbr aon of (Inma-
liil, i'»hort till! in-yidu lo atufk tlio miiiiiu'rra, MW; i«
put 111 di'alh, SU,
(iriiiua, pria-uratnr of Judra, »'<•; pula Hiihiin, lli'rod'a
iddalnvi', lo di^ath, ;Wi ; nn'jta Valiia rnniinn to Jrruaa-
Jim, 4i:i: on« <l,nilua di«ro»t'rn.'laMdiua, and brinRa
ini oni III Iki I'mfa-rnr, !(!i). . x„ .. .
irli'ka i-nlli'd old nntiniia by iiamri of Ihrir own. -lO; t(Hl
lUt tliu Hi'hri'W namia into'ibmr oVrn form. ibid,
iirda, plnrud ulanrt Ihr limpln, by Ibe Kohiana, Ml,
Ihibiil, kinf of Syria, 143.
Iludnd, iir Hudur,' lin Kilomito, bi-comi-a Buloman'arnniny,
174.
na.liid<-H!r. or Il»d«mi>r, kin^nf fliinban»\ or /obab, 174.
ilnil^«; JiMrpliua'a diaranirao iiinn'miiiii, Ulri. MK'.
linear iinil lubinail iirt wnt nwny by Abruhani, 3«L
IJa^rirai, u pnipbi'l afli-r ibi> I'npliyily, '.'W, '.►.'4 ; tin and
Zi'iliiiriali t'lK^nurago Ibn Ji'wa lo.rebaild ihiiiMi'mple,
ibid. . '
IlneKllh, Ibivid'a wifo, 1,VI.
linlii'iirnninii'anii' iliTron in Ihvnr nf tbo Jow«, SflO.
linm, Il ui nf Noiih. 3!!; Iii« poalrrlly, HO.
3pjlnmiin. an onimy nf llio Ji'wa, *BI ; hia ndirl nrainai Iha
" Ji'wa, ill Ibn nnmi- of Arin«i.r»ia, ibid ; bi' oidela a ||ib
ln'tio ill' i'ri'|.|i'il for Mnrdi'i-iiii 'Zill; ia iddigi'd to bum r
Miirdirai, Xll ; tbo nlli'lia ronlradictcd, 1233; htf li
bnniii'd on bw own pibN'i, 231.
Ilnrthab, Hie wil'o of Klknnnh, im, .„
J llnrun, tho lkl|li'rofJ/ol,:il. ' ,
IftllHuin, itt<'liar»n,«ciif »if Mi'»»|«l«ml«i31. . ^
WHutliila, ^iifnmon oili'a,(oxcludi'd from (narrinjfc. O*
; Ilnl«*h. R-n Arrnlbi'iia.
tliriM '
•dby
i into
l\?ti0B
iJaladi'na, llirir ijuivn Lnmllrc, 274
<:albat'J7l; aurmill Ncru, 317; ia m*filrr«d in a con-
apiracv, ibid. *, ' '
niilllroVomva i^ll nniU-r Ihn Unman dominion, 4Ha,.fi03.
niillicaiiua, 4!>9. • ■
tinlloi., (fi'aliu«._^ pVaidonl of Syria, 13, dCa
(■n1iuM, n rontorion. .VH).
<Wlu<(R*liriilO.'i«7.
cSmrt.lf'lKilHl'si'l! Olympic Viim.'. rcatorcd by iiiimd;' kinjof Hyrii;"l.<3, IM; lio'pliindcra Judca, I1B ;
Herod, ;i:iO: (VBnrcanjnmra' inailloti'djiy Ilcrhd. 31.1, I hi- dioa, W"..'^ , .
SW, 4;M ; iirdnincd by Tiliia on <bc birth-dnya of hia In- llnw, or A»«ii, 31.
" thi-raiidl.roihi'r,.WS. , llilar, 31.
Oanla. ^liH ; po«ai'«« al homo ihi> aource of happincaa, ibid ; ; I
bitconie IIi-riMl'a lifi'-Euard", 433:
Oiiiitt t-aki'n Bnd dcnicdiahi'il. 574.
ija-nna, pi('vou«lv puniabcd by Jonathan
liompttua, (TilM-riiiK.l 371.- ■ ' ',
/Oamollu". Hi'roira fr ionil, expelled hia ci
GalVr, tbi- Minof AjUTm, 31. ,^
rtl'ntlb' ijodB not to be diridi'd, in tliri opii
!I1,I10I1. ■ ' ^
Rcnmi'ify.inrtirted by Ihn lons.livod patri
Oi-ra. tlio Mhi'r of Efind. 1IW. •-.
Gcraatrntna. kind of thi' Tvrinna, S)r«. . —
noriji!im,;il« li'mpln di'miilifhrd, 2liH. T
Gormniib-lia'K rioiiac, SHS: tlio fnthcr of rniiur ibl
. «nnl inlotho I'nat, 3li3; fa poimmcd l>T.Piao. ifcul.
4}f'rinnna doacribid? ^fiC ; nn- <.n-liivi'd by tlMRomf>na|,
iirift; Ihi'y mutiny, ibid ; a Gi-rmnn'a prrdirtioiTconMml
ine Aj;rij>p«, 371; OcrmnuOuord, 3M ' "J-
floaaioa Plorua, procurator of Jud™.* Bco Plorna. ■(,
fiiant", 71', IIW; their rcmaina in lb bmn, ibid
Oihcnli. iia inhftbttaiita guilty of « rapi' , HUl.
Qihconitca, hv a wiln. make n i-nyi'miiii wiiii Jiwhua, 101 ; , 3113
their frnud .Vlict.'d nod piini.liid, iliid; tbi-v iirc aatta. Ilclo
fl«l for (be attempt of Saul to iday them, I5& '■ Hopbiibalik awi-
)hllw pi'i-nliar mica alaiol nwrna und drinka, K7; ilicf
nghnlii'OBnannili'a aiininat Miiwa"aordcT;71i; icniribca
lived Iwyoiid fiiijdiratca. and out of tbo iMinndanf Ilia
Roman empire. S-JS ; their lont-uat-o nnd chnriicter i nmo
Venr to ihn Syriiic. -Jllli ; their iiouiia bavenill ijm annw
fo»ii)ati«nandierminniion,3ll: ibeV have but oiin tein
pbi and oliar, HI ; met al Phihib ihrbi*' in a jenr lOi .
ily (be two tribaa under the dominion df the Bmnnii",
'i\ nil uiiiuialii|iled aoililinn amoHir them, HI; tlitir
raon, in li|i> da'ya of Bolomon, 1114.,
n, no otder city than Mcmpliia, SIH ; takc» by IM
liiea, ItW.
itonlomnchi,' 973. >
tins the tJrent, 374. «« ■■'•>•' - '
, ....Ji'iiH, trenaurer.of the temple,. 4W). ', ; „ ,
1 rieleBa.niieciinf Adittbenn.embraceallwJewtalir^llitioiv
ile i mHbiiii'fl"* ' ! ia bur i ed tb i iroi 4 1
giK' a l o Ji 'i u K iiniiii'
lleinn nuceneih IbllUI n» judsQ, 112 ^.^^
iJlil
,/r
--;IW
tm
II^DfiX.
1».
Il»r<iilt«'rt*inab, 3M. f- «j»
• ('•jiliu, (nvMnM m JaniDM. •■!•■
, i.r AmlMH. r, »4, 4)11 ; t«'»»il »•• >«l» In
llrniinliit ('•!
|<«iu4, llrn wii ">f Amlinnif. - ., .- ,—
«alllM in Iho l.lih •'"I l'»"'l »•••• "f h" "«■• '*"• <*"'".
BMkiu •nil "llM'r r»lib. r< u. iliriih, II.1J ; Ulim airn» il
fltfll, »»• ink'* hi« "'"I. ''''"I' ii>«l>" '•*« ••"■"I'"' '*'-•
L'ora 10 HuitiM t"i»«i, •iiJ »• H» hini iim'I"' i|ci»«M«'r "r
t.-ckxyfta, ibi't; W tn f»»"' •"'• '«"•'«' ""'' <«' »■•■
mt<i<. ibid ; nwil" ■ »»»•«»* uf H»n« by hin>, iM ; l'»"»
Mtllrkua I" ilifiih, «;l ; b««l< Aiiii|i<>nua »u( erf Jmli'ii,
WJ; bdlRM M«rk Aiii.my, IW.! ; l» iiii|«'«ih.Ml !•» »li»
Jawa bul w ii.itWJiliil«ii«li"U ni«i|« • luiiarf li by Anto-
ny aW; IT"'" llw b«lM'f of Ibo J.w« lh«Hl|MI""i "'"•.
ibl.U ..-«i»'« lb.. •n«r«. ..r «h« I'lrHltun., 'Jifl ; llw
ucidnnla of hn (liithi. Ibi.l, 4.0; «•«■ i" K»ir|ii. "nl
tb«nro 10 Hho.l.N. aiKl il*!"-- 1.« K"""'. ««'.<*l; """W
kint by Ibo Itoniiiii iirn«tn, ■! ihi' ibi^iiu of Aiiiony, WT,
Ml! Hiila bark to Juiloa, ind tlKhli nitolnM Aiitiiunaa.
*I7; i>kv>Jo|i|M. •Ill) brab'iwa Jtiowibm, «7 ; uki-"
»'i>»hoiU, -IM ; niiiiiuKH h« pwnii. «, HiiH llw "MiIh r«
of Juibui. ibiil ; JiibM hW lnK>|i« wHb Aiiliai»> «< IN
■H'ira of HOMioniU, und U n-fi-iv.U llicri' wilh gr.cit
honor, 8*11 ; l< nroviili'iilfnlly HfliVi.trd Ifiim iW(iHI«M-
Ktr., ■.**>: 'bifinia Pappoa. tbbi i la.b'ya J.Tl»»lim.
laki-B il. iiiuki'a Aiili«oiin< iinwiwrwamt Nuiwla hiio In.
rhaiiia 10 Antony. :«II.«U ; nronioltalhia frMMMla, itHTrt.f
aiiuya ib.«»^ of Aoiijioima, »W : maril.^a th<i flimoua Mn-
"^■'^ h.'<laujbl.-r«f Aknandra, ;il>;i.4:J«li compliijiia
lira, Uu molhix inlaw. '.W;!; rnuwa lfi« wib- a
Irlalobulua, to b<i ruimlnaly drnwii<<d nl J>n-
■ 14 auinmoiH-d by AnIony I" mk'' bu Iriiil lor 11,
ima Afiuiiiy oy«t to bia inlir.-.t bv briU"*. ibid 1
Vi to il.iiih. M(W: i» aolifiti'd I,, ailulii'ty by
ra Ibid; iiiakpa wai aiiaiiwt ibi' Atubi.iiia bv
,'a Older. ;W7, 4:11 ; hla »|ii< -.li to Hi" "'my In "li»^
-ftar III' bad b.H.w l»<-»t.'ii, auf. IHd, 4:W bn b. nta
Xblana in baltbi, :«•. 4»J ; h. iiuta llvrnimi. I.i
dimtb, 3lt»; lln.alV icnnn«'iitari<a, iliid; oril.ra Man-
amiK. to b« inii W-b'ath, if b« hlniwlf owo" >""» '";'";':
:ill ; bia priiaiiiuKMif iniiid li-foi.' AiH!m<t*f •;»*'.• J '
,b..iaronflriii.'d in hia kiiwdoin liy «;.iHHir. ibid, 4,111 ;,h.'
arnrl«ina(V.at nia:!ni(lamlly, if.id; h« ri-rair. » ni.jrji
ftitora frjiin <,'ii'«»r. and haa bia dominloim oiilnfpil, .Hi.
4:13; h.M>"i*Mari«m|i« bia wifo lodinih. ;«3. (.HI; ho
nyi.ry uwaay at liir dratb, ibid ; bn ia aWi.'li d with a
kiiidof madiK'.a bv diviim muK<<,„cv, »U,'4t J; rt'l'nria
Oom lli« maniHt" ami cuatiinia of ihr Jewa. .11 1; biuKla
Iboutrua, and rahibtla ahovya to the iioopi". JI->; %'1'!»-
apirary aautnai l.i.n, nij.; build, n Kmi'l" >:i rtimiirm,
ibid- « Buinixi at Jniuadli'in, 317; and u ciludil alt lor-
lonn front Jetu«ib'm, :«": reli.'y.'a llii' |.;.i|.lv ina »r.-nl
niminn.:il7: m«rri.-aflii)nOn'ii^ii)!btrt. .tl«; bia Hiry,
ibid ; IM' buiida l>.arva, 3llM i)>ntbi liw aim* 10 Koni.\
ibid; builda a loinplu totVaai,'*!Oj caara lb.- n-"|'l|' '>•
a third iwirl of ihi'ir iax>a, ibid; fmbida Hi.) i^tipl.- t.i
nwiH ioi!.'lli«r V'l">"'lv. ibid; kifpa hia apinai iiii.l lav
cornea onn hiina..|r, ibi.l; honota 'h.; »■■*:;'"•'• ' J '"•
buibia tbn trtnpb. at J.!ruanl.™. :«l.4,t3; b.> nin^i-a a
now law roilrcrniiii: Ihii'Tca, ;«»; gnfn to «.B>«ar, briiia"
homo hiaailna, and m-irriea Ihem. ibid ; Miti-riain. .Mlir-
nua Airipiio. 3SM ! ia in (ir.ul fiivi.t with Airrippn, ibid ;
.•awahiaanhri-lauf Ih.' loiirlh |aitt ol J^mr taya, .I'Jtl ,
ilio nuatri-la In hia IVimity, ibi.l ; ho lltv..r« Aiilii«il«r in
o|m.»ilion to lb.' anna of .Mar iamno, :M7 ; r«;« t.> A'!"* -
pa and liniKnHi.a hi-, aoii-. at Koin.- WfoYi- 1 le.iir.ibiil,
la rriMiiipilnd to thi-m. ■.W.A'i^V feb-NiUM iiam.a_ n
li«;ior of Caiai", :>:«; hoiida tflwna nn.l <i>«i.lc«. ibid;
biiil.U AiadliV* l.'TniJ.-, iilid r.>n.'wa Iho tHyhipic sani.'f.
lbi.l ; 43J ; hia f^miar deacrila'd, ;C« : In- opi-nf Unvid a
/onulohr.', XK; h.l Kuaia-ota hia kin.lr.i.l, iMiilr(B" N no-
cuaad by BvlK'ua b-f.ir.. Oaai.r, :M1; hi., rm.ltv t.. hia
anna 33"; li'.> a.rua.»tliojin in a n.ui|ul at llnryloa,.Mt),
iiiQu'irea of Nieolaua .if D«niaa.'ua Wint timy Ibipkof
him and hi-i aona at Rmiin, ibid ; b.' onlera ilmm Ulh 10
la. ananirbd, »» ; proviilMlor lhi>4r rliiblri'ii, .HS, hia
wKr..a an.1 cliil.lr.-n. 5»:i, :1B7 ; h., .■.iiitructa nmrriai:f» lot
M,irinmn.-'a chiUlrnn, IHSi, «3; alL-rt tb.*- .-.inirnrta.
,- ilHd,.aenda Antiiau r to »;,a.aar, :m. 444 ; la nimle l»
.heli..vo.lhat hia brother Phcroraa wiia _p<«aoned,^««.
444; *|itii lh.>'i«)iaon ww for hini)ielt, 34.T, 44.»; irioa
AnmuBr, and puia hint in ehaina. Hi' : bia hillerneaa
h, lliafld n^", 3.11 ; h« nmkea hia will, 34'1 ;. hia l.rrihk
. ,ipt„ ;un 4|H,1P); hia1«itlmriHtaordrrl...r murder-.
iniilbe ptin.in.1l of tin. X.wa,:W»; he nUentiM to mtH-
d.r hin...df. ;t,'il ; bu nlier- hia will, ibid : hl.a rharartet,
fhid; hia ,U,ath and -burial.A'SS. 4411; h» will opened
in.l nad.aSi; ti.it to inko place till TOnfitm.'d by Ca-
iil.ir.Vl the ann af Jlei.id; mii.lo tetiajrrli, 'ja, S73, 4.'iH ;
hoibla towns in hon.ir of Cifanr, ibid; aendiia letter to
inhawnri/pon Arotaakiimof Arabia, J)7,
ner«4, ll»»n.ra ann, by MaiUaan*. Ktmnn a d«»ilHi-f , «•,
J4I, ;n*l, 413 , be 1. h|..ii.Ml out ..I (l<-t.«l a will, 444,
ller.«l, l|.lt."l « .<"l, by 1 l.>.M«llr* ..f J'^"*'';"'' "V;,*".
Ilerwl AuftiHia "»n»i«"« br.«iliar, kmii of ( hah-w, .»'.!; »•
n.aril.aMariam.i-,.lao((h.er ..f J.a-pbua by UlyniplM.
klii( lle,.ala.l.n,hter,:«i7, bf ha. lb., p""'"»" '^
i.imdo «iy.n bini b) t;ieudiua, .M ; bia di alb an*
. bildren, 4111, •">• ... ~„
ll.rwl, »..n of I'haaarlua and Halami*!*. 3B7.
Il,r.»l. l'.,l.,i«,'.l.t..lb.r.kb.|iof< liah-I..M«. , ^
llei.aliaa, daoirbi. r ..f Aii.i..bulMa, by tbrnir*. IfcTiJjIHTI
dauabi.f. 3iW, 4t'J; A«rl|.|ai -^..b.i a aiai. f . and wib.of
llaiTal, lb* |l.l»ar.b, einra A«iili(ai llw l»»"l .bfl^'.y.
J7J tSII f.iflowa Iw r baaband in i.l« ba.ilaliment, J..I , ■
inatlied i.i Har.al, ..loof ller.al ib.tlt. al.by KlatlaniM,
Hinaw'a .tauRbtet. :li;7, :■(« ; all.-rwaM inarii.d 10 lit-
r...l, lb), fotni.^r bu-biinda biiilli. », wbihj b.r l.«ni.'r haa-
l«nd waa aliye, ilHH. , _. . , ,, , l . .k.
Il.'« kbih. ki.i« ..f Jii.lnh. >IW ; hia telirbwa a)*. i;k 1.. th«
Koiib', ihi.l ; hia l.i.liai|.Mi of ih.. (ii«|.l.', ami ankmn
!...|el„Mi..,. bf ibe lH..*ye.. I'l''' •>:"'«*:• •""1"^
■ he I'hiliaiiiK'a. Ibid ; delenda biniaidl frnni MaunatMIt*.
•an ; rerovera I'toni .likiiiaa, tmi ; da a. VW
Ib.ieklaa, a iMnb a.lir of the rvbl»r«, *«.
Iliiih Pibal. *•" I't""' bl»l..
Ilin, an M.brew nH.«aiiru, ".IJ.
tliram, kuts of Tyro, Ha.U'a ftKod, 143.
Iliraiii.kmf of Tyr.*, aiinla «|iib«a«»d..i, loBuloMMiil. IIB.
Hiram, kiiiR of T)"'.1^*;
Ihai'oiiana, Iheir duty, XI. ,,,,.., ,,„
Jbiidinl. a..n of Kli, US; be ia alalii In hatlle, IIO-
l^fca ' It 1, 1 _ a*. -....a ..tr' I a.l.ntiaiit I j 'i.
,Jl.i|d.nl, a..n of Kli, US; be ia alalii
>l,.«.» ol'tbe foriat (.f l«bnnoii, liJ
ll.ialira, kiin «f lara- 1, *ll i b" la
C a.ta r . 'ka i ;
niaibi ■ priaola'r, 9U0.
llubUb, lb.( piWphi'K'aa, )»I7.
11.'., iiVi.
Ilnahal, Itl. 130.
n'v'imi^ roiiii-aaid by Dnvid In yarbua aorta of ni«tr».
I|fn:nnua.ann of V.l.h t..!.i«.. '.'44; hi- artful iuvenliiHl.
ibid; he ia aent to l>i..bm>. and kindly rin ived by
him, ibi.l; hiaactiiina and lb alb. '.'411,
Iireani... (Jobn.i «.n u( Him... Ma-'ahee, ..aeM...
i;.,iMS aUin, •.117; lilixka liuleiny, 'Jll., 41.1; la iiiaue
l.iub i.»K*i, •J>17, 413; ia <»H«(r..i by Anina-fcua. Mj
Ll . lW I..-. «llh Ihr. e bun-lr. .1 taboi- taken out ol'
I»„yi.i*. i!,|.iilrlire, HUC ; numlma in'" «»'"' ••"» '":""."
the l..wna tliiii had been lakeiiawuy, and reimwa Ibe al-
lian.e with ibe K.imaiia, il.i.l; U-^'-f- *""•;',"• '."A,*
il an.l .brtiollalua il. i|iU> : bia int. r.'.iur*) with <<i"l. -«U .
, I iJ dr. ant V.Hirerni.;« hi. -on., ^7 ;^lie wa. eihiiarch. ,
),U|.ri.ai,aiid V'oph'h <H-. '"• d.."th and lubipum^
'lKr'eanii.lI.«..iiofAl.».iii<!.r Jaiiii.ua, n.ad.. biirb |.ii.'.t. '
'j77. 4l.i)«i'T.Ta I.. Lav ib.. eivil «..,. rtini..,it 1.. bia ,
'broth, r •.•7H; hla inniiiv.. ifeniua. 4h.| why h.; I ..I to
Vet,... ihi.l ; he in y..in iri.a t.U.t.b.^ t^auru- to l«; r..r
hi", •*- 1 ; pb ,1.1a at'ilinav hi' btoili.t l..|ote.H.,n.r« y. lb d
r.r.,v..ra lKb.|ibpri.»ili.««l, •■!■■;; 1- .■"nhrni. d iberoiM
h» v'a -i-^Nn; i' h...,.,r.Ml b> the ll.imana »na
A-.b. i,"a, -WJ, .".i.hy Juliua «;..'"; ibid; la taU
fel.',....d by the I'nrtbinna. nn.l reiurn- to 11. t.ati JW,
|,e ia |,'rli.li..u.ly If.ated, illi:i ;.iin.l |,ut l..dt*tli by him.
3111; Ibe vnrb.uaadvVniur.- ol 1.i»IiI.).»b.
llvataama, Kutle'r of Ibiriu". ■-»>
• ' - , 1. 4t J.
.lalial. '.T. ^
Jala »h. ftlhor of Ohitllum. '.JIJJ'.,;. .
Jiiln'.h<iileadd.m.ih«hed. Itri. ', „. 4™ ' '
Jabin ki,iL'nf('ai.:.Hi^.i.^l«-7the>l.r.eUlea.»(».
Jndii. I, one of Ih- ("■'•l.'i'y "f M'*''.^'''-
j;;eiS;t;rn!^7;'n«r'ia wiib;i.ab»n i;.r nnehel.i|0; h.
Ireai 1. a wilh an aiif. 1.41: bi».«".. 40, 44 : be,,ri»«i«ly
".,«r tal" n l..b«„.4«; hi- ,..a....ily, wh.:n Ibey w*«l
.wn int.. KirviH, SI : h.- w'.'pa »l»"i aendiiw away hia
i^Til-wmin Into kRypt, 4:i; He meet, with hi. broltar
J,,eor,'a..n-..fP"«aa,.W. Wfl. . ^„ '
I iri.lL nil Idumenn. iKHrnv- hiacouniry, oH«.
i: it, or Ja.Uia° am. of J..hn.M,li..h prl.^.., iiO; he m«.^
Alexkniier in hi* punliliral K«rm.nta. -ZH ; hu die., '£&
jrJ;;rthe'prophet. m n. kaM by . Ilon, 177.
Jael wife oVllehet the Kinllt, kill. eiaeru.lUB.
lahMiel, ilfr prnphei. If^- ^, .gn ^
Jamblieua. the Syrian rubt.»'4.4SU.
Wa, ill.- bt..lher of J..oa Chnat, .toned. 400.
Jai,iaa,klnirofE|!tpl.5K«. „ „.„„.„h «
; w ha t w i u ntrie a h ia aim . pn«af awtl. ,"■.
IiMii.10
laaaiAh. tl
(bbat. M J.'l
IKia, an anin
Ibaaii, a J«.l|
l.b', a I're.'d
l,luin.-a.ia, ^
ll.al (Maaair
«»>; ftMK,
Kallaala, II
Jilain. Mm
J.hiMlhua, •
he la ir<'arl
Jtrnllah. UK
Jadldah, km
Jabiaiha., k
iabtmhaa, ai
Jahoaab, aiw
auidi're.l,
Jeh<.t4rbin,
Jebtiia.la, U
.l"lioia.la. 111
J"l.,iiakiin.
BnhyliHiMii
fttal out ol!
' J'vliiHiadab,
J.HlM.ram, ki
Jehornm, k
M.Mbll^l
leboabapbn
Jelaailiaplia
fur nitkiuK
10 pier.'.,
Jeb..abebal.
Jehu, aiin ..I
aeii.>na, I'li
Jehu, Ibe p
J.'l)a>, ibl\ii
Jei.blbab |i
hi- dauiill
ibi.l: ina^t
ibid.
Jert'iniah,
death nf J
Ibid; bia
eharved. i
roll burnt,
captiyiiy,
...lunireon. 1
Jnphiil. -'.""»• — - ,11
Jatdeii. a (^.aKlla.id, aarrounded by
Jared, 97. 'iH.
Jaaon. .ir Jiaua, »«>.
Jaaon, MMi ol BI«»Mr,«54.
IHUia
trihra.u,
Jc-lia. at,
Jcnia, of
Jarhua, 1
>
:'i''^.,.i.-^-
ia baiiiahed, ibi.L 4i'.l.
Herod, half bnitbar to tbn letraiVh, m_
flerod, aon i)( Ari!itobiil;»a by Balome, 3B7 . „.k„^
Rorod! Mnof AriBtobJu»,byBcrnice,S«loirw'.<lattjht<!r,
lanii, 570.
t
\ .
; ' ■■: . ••'
..:■.;■ ^ -■;
;'■-: ..■
V
I WtnMll^gl
lawiriih. tin.
Ikliai. •■• i<'li«n, imMthiUt. 14.1
IHia. an tiiiniiil ii> Kgyut lh«t Hinirofi wt,..,
iliuii. ■ )«•!«<■ "• I<'«"1, »l>i'' J>>|>li»h»li, 1 H.
|i|i', ■ Iri-i'd winxn. M; ilw H rrwifWit, liiM.
liluin<'*M>. tUII. 3111. All. 4?J, n-ruan 10 l>'« <
Ilea |»Maav>, H, mm J"W«. 'JH«i an »iil III
■t¥ ; I •»!•, ihi'ir fiifinar i<M, IH ; nnhlwtw I
|i alKala, :U.t
J< Iwn. »U Ihlwr.
JihiMihu*, M (•IiInmIu'IIi. Haiil'a aufl, la Maiki kinf, IWl
hi' la irfai'li**rt>u<ljr niuiilMrini. I4*i.
JariilMli. IMI
Jeillitah, kliill i'lawh'" nMiili>'r. Wfl
JahiHih«a, klH* i>l J<i<Uli Dl^ : ho 4l«a In i:|||rt. IM
JaiiiMhM, aim tif Jahv. kiiiKiir larnl, IWI.
i«lioaa|i. aim iiT AhiiiMih, ai«»<i, IMi M M*Ja kliif. IU4i
■utilrniil. 1117. . . 1 . 1««
Ji'hiililrliiii. nt Jaroiiiah, kliif of JadabtWIt.
Ji'hiiiaiU. \fl
.1. Ii.iiaila. 111.' hlxli nrii'al. llli , .
J. Ii.iiiikiin, kliiit of Juilali. HBH ; tin lalwla RftlMt IW>
BnhyliniMlia, ihlil ; lir. la «l«t« lir Nfblialwiltfwttir, aiMl^
Mil (>ul iltllw pH' "f Ji'riiaal'Mii. *W. >
-' J'vlMinailiili. •nolill'fii ml of J.liu, |lii, ,. '"
Jilmruni, kill*"!' Juihvli, KKI • , : ' , . ,
Sv\nm<n, JUfX nf l«f«>-l. IW; l.ia#»!|w4Wui» ««•*«* "w
Miailiiii«rfl>lil : hia i|Mii'inj)>'r ami <lx«1ki IIM- .
Jchiaiiiaiilinl, ilin "iiinif AlijiM<>. Ml, , ' ,ir\
l..|i.a.lM|ilial.O|(I.HI*kiii«ur*i««l»h, )^l, |H*lWri(*««4
Cur Hitkiuir nil alliaii." wllh, /l)l«bv,*l>i i W**""; liM**"
luiiinr.a, ICi': llii ilc-a'li, I'.*. . ■« -. ; ti. / .
J..h"«)uMwli, •i.li.i.iil'-(Min/lMt. »lii|l ittJiiMi. Wft. J / ,
Ji'liii. xm •<( Nnnalii. IKt; f* nmil-kirtil .i( hi<uft.. I^i "I*
nrll.ina, I'Mii \w |iii1|i Hn«r«l|ifie^f m.ili-a(h;wil»iJ; M!' •, 1"7'
Jfliii, lliii ((hMil"''. "i" "''««*"''"*"'• •*f,''
Ji'MO', IkivUra Mill, 14:1. »i '»i»' li
Jciiliiliali |iula lliK Ainimwltea l»Bltht,.|Wj atrfWifi'a
' hi* il«u«lii»i', (urrinilitiK lit) Ihii rtiiiiiitilTiir lim'iinn:)
tliiil: in«iia » K»«»t aluaglitcr nmeiid Ihn K|«lii«»mi|'f.
'iflrf; liH Imni-inKlioii ii|*>n thn
Hh Wair, 41itL*iil1'|uilv«il' 111- J.xriali riii'a. *» ; liWiK
in %fto, I'Bwrtli'tal ■ ■
a«*a. Hill.
aiiil l<lunii;i<, lirliHi||ln|( l<i iho
iblil.
Ji<n'inilili, III" pni|ilift, V- . •■- .....■-,■...■—■■,— •-
tlrnlli nf J(aii«li, iImiI: hia iiHIiilii-ry fcx«'""' J'Hiaulfin.,
ibid; hill atrihi' «fc|Mli-l*>»ll'il ; li« « «r«iia<Ml Kiul *ll
ehariiril, ilii<l ; l»i(iIi>i"H><i'*'» n "'' '» ""I IWnp'"'. 'n* l.>l«
roll hurnt, Ibiirj bi« iiijiiilw',') irf' iImj: /••«■»" ri'lr*"' frinu
cii lit 1 V i I y , ajl' ! Imi iSi pu I in M^auny . 4»m1 .lhn>w ii i iiljj ) Iw
junfciii. Illft; U lift willt niimililn JulU•^■,■«l^l'f.!&!(^l•■
"kl«h■« rariirtlV. aw. ■ > „ . » , , , . V'.
jKrii-liiiiuVn, !l»; I" ri'lmHilit turwil, ihlil ; it iaplM-
dnr-.l liy lh« RJuHn'"', '.1H , a,
Jrriihnain, thn'^aon of Nubal, (wnapiKi* iininat HnkntlM.
173; 111' i« iiimb- kinit uf ilm imi iiiln'a. IW. *(.•.>; ff^W*
Kiililen <«lv.«, iliiil ; lii« liiiml wiilw'i'J. iW« t bi»«il«i»ll-
linn iii.'iiin«l u\ln|Jli, I71» ; hi' iHf". iliiil.
JiTiilHiiiin II. iliii H'lii nf iimnli. kill* III laywl, IIW ; hu
mnk-a wnr iicainal lli^fy'riBiia, WW; ha ilfa, ihlil.
Jrruaiilcn) lukwi'liy i»n4iil. IW; wlHiafi" llint (liimn wna
di'riv(.il, H;i ; laial.'in'il >ad laki-n li» Ahe B*li)lirauinH.
•iil; iK'aiiuiil imd iiAiii b» 1*i.ini!.'y. W ; liy Hijrwl miil
Hijiiiua, :iill; bV l'tr,(i.iiij ilin Miii (i) Ijiirua. «l^ h"*
many liiro'a iiikiin, .Hill; inndtf triliul«iy li» iWiIWHiaiMi;
««; li'vfliMl Willi lIVpiRrnuml, «<a; il>i'l<)*''fl h|ily. ill-
viiilahli., linil fti'i-. K'y^».•^|l•trlu^■, kiui(or8;^fitt.'iW( tw"
dtnili'la Ihi'ri'in. IIM'j oihu lirat liiiilt it. . "Mail ailqnli'd in
■ Ihn middli- of Judp», **!; »r4 <in Ijrn by lh»i Humana, Mi,
a fiial krnt llinri! yi'urW, mil ; «» iilau atbiii il *ii» t«ki»
r.v I'limpiy, iind by IIitkI, «ndSii»iu«.'Jf 1^*11: « Jfbii-
ai'ln kiiiBiif JiTuauJi'm. with i;ii(t«llii-f« mnki^ wcit on ihn
Oihiiiiniti'a, 101 ; tki'y nm imt to Hisbi bj Ji»hu«. iUd;
JiTuanlimdi-iritad. .WH,.'i^>«;. . ■
** J<"fn«li«b, JnlliiimVhiiithvr.^lr . •. '
Jeaani, ihi-aiinnf.Afhimaiti. I.W. . .i^i--:
inawi, I he «in uf < IImmI, ■and fuihi-t (irDtKid, lail.
JiiauaChiiat, 1 traliim'my In him, 3M-°' . ,
Jaaua, ttm aun of.I'halmt, dt'privod of the hi||h |irirath«Ml,
;tic.- " ' ■
J»au», aiin iif Ali«™i'i hia ominouir claiiioy ^(*^ dn'li, M7.
, iir Jaiain. i!4il. ' ^ ■,_,„" „ „ .^
, __, Iho aiBi of Aipphiaa.iiiivnrnoi nf Tlhoriaa, fl,.!!; 4T7.
_— ,-, limllwr of (liiiiia, di'jirivod rf ilin hitth priiaiiiuiHl
by Antiiahna Epiphunra, :tlM. ,.\ .^ , ,,
Jraua, aim of Onmiili'n. niudi' hub t""*!'' ^' ™' '"'*'•'
prioal aftir Ananua, .TO-, ,111 ; hi' •!*«'<;'' *» «'»' WHm«=
■ Jeaua, aiin of Ibimnaua, madii htjjh J^iliJat, )1((6- -
- — i_, wm,«f tiuntala, li. • . ^ ^ V.. .
; or Jnabun, Iho aim of lV^n. 7i'; bcfoipi* th« aurcca-
aor of Miwa, 'M ; oommmida tlio larai-lili;* *»«in»t )l»t
Amiil«'kiiiii.lV>;proplnaiia Ml ihi' litnlimi. of M.iwa, i(7;
ioada lb" JaVaoliii'" to th<? rivpr inrdiin, lIHjwmfiHla kliOMl
Ihii iwrtitinn nf Iho land, 1(12. *<•; hi«'>J»;«!li toiba lj»o
i-L* ■■■■■ I l . . . !* * li y l Ilia i l w w tt i 1 1 1 4 - ^- \ '——
I!
by an ailatwirary. M, 4I1I( l*«Mk .
ri» a'lwdifll to Ihaii lav, Ml | M
nival iidaili'iH'a wiih Ilw limka, 4Tt|
■1 Aniha'h. Al'^k, ai kU-lialllllk. 4iaW
.iTai I aMiiia,li; ai m tilwaiMia, i)M| ■ '
a^niiiKi id iba hifb pa irai Knoll, 94i|
IIiiMhiiIi .liv.iil''; h»' kvyiaiil f.%-
■aiidiiia III K|gr|i<, anil I'tiuw, Mi
Att-tanibif* 'tiKil.'A-'k. •'• •'■/•IM
niv J.JMjH« llinl , ari' Ifailiah^id ll«aMi
la,, a H<i«iiai> iiiiivii.ii., ;ki7, ai* haond hf
raaNkfliiit^ Ull , 111 V'>|Hi<|ianaiid'riiaa, iMitiy
■I A||fli)i|« lliid : liy Aiill»-liualh«Uti.al, tNV) IM
aha) nit in ihi. Miiiiaali.mK- imi aflitaMrdTidaaaril, SJllJ"
■nay lli> iho wrllkm id iN lf|a^iiaiia. w.1. AnliiahM, »
low, annii'a liia own liilbl't al Anlliaih. .'^W> Jiwa haa«
prialk-iia fianirdthiniljv fViinjiaor Alia %\l. K(yp-
liana and Ty>Mna rhwily buird Ihi- J»»a. IKI. IVimiiliia
niiHllaib<'i»|'*MM'1lMf iilliMii'. 'ty, Ji-waai Akiandrka
kraakilHil an rthnafrb, or alaban h. UM; irt" alli|i>ii4 la
ralhf r Iki-iy aim^iMl ndb rlnina al Konw, 'JnK tir iti.yivail
I'rim Ihi' alaau miitin wiib llm HtairKiia. itM; bavi- ibalt
own (a»a aiiili'i Ak'taiidi r l^u' Uinni.UlU ara pynliibilr^
l« nwdillii Niih liifKIIni Viown. Ml: arn vary li-narinaa
nf llwir own Iuw<,,3k^: tkfir anilillaaaibira' plarnal HaiW
in llm tki'iiK". O^i"' ar inB.rmia al Aiiiandria. a'4. »t
||ali«lna.!iU. Jim form nflbi|fi<ivi:'iiiii"iiiY'W4 tVlf
iiuai^fi-rwllb ih» HriUMai al I'lMana aUuiillair afiniki-
(|i.a,*4llA: ihi'ir marnaKcii. iHU, ihi'y had a aviiatiljiva at .,
Ablim'h, ,111.1 ; Ihiir privll<'»i'a iindir ihi. Hxnuina, INM; _
ifciiy ai'iid an i'niliaa»v l» < a'aur, nipriii.t AirbMnua, ;BJ
tlMi AaiaiM-JrWa ai-nd an imliai.»« m I'ii'.iir. :«ll iitnil
ala«KbliiF uf Ji-wa, .\m, ,VI,'<. .1ti7 ; llmir •klaniiiii.ii Hi"
Mnaliliaijiiniia mid lbib«kinia. :i7lk; bi-ninniiiu idilir^4<'W'
I
t,ihi.auiid l in l f. Iltl, I lia dr a t I I , 10 4 . .
JcHUa. aim nf ftiplml, riiitlindi-r id tb« robb««, B,4Ua,^
J('aua,ofTln'bulhMa, apriisal, SBI. :,., -,\
iaahua, »ou uf Joacdck, iO. ' ■ \.
Ji-jaki'l. Almb'a lyifl;, IHl ; klWll »ii \<itn>' by diifa, IM; ;
lAM(i>a, uT biatini oii'in wCm liui Inwful In bo iiiaibi liy
•Inloitinn, HI ilii-opioii'iH iif J>ni'|diii». HI: imairi a of ani-
.mala ail' anniiial iliH<Ji'Wi«h law. ;il.1, ,'llrS tvait ibam.
'lt|i, nr ninaiTtnlo Ibim, wilafiir|p|dj|i'H Ihn Ji'wa, 340.
tmiBwIora'lbrnuilbnul Jlldi-ii. 4IH-
liHi'iiao oiilv In la' iiHInd livJlui (aialvilly nf Aaiun, iUH >
liilaiita Hiuldi-rrd ill My|i|, 3;t.
IniiiMi-nro nihkra nivo I'ouraiii'iiua, *i4*^. " ■ >»
Jiaib, (Ti'W'ial nf -Ibi-aid'a arinii. NO: tnl^i'a lh<<.cil»<liirU
Ji'ruwlrni, kjjl; inii'inria wiib libuiijab, Ml.
Joalbinn iir Jnlhum bi«b pro al I' I '.'11 •
Jnatir aim id Ibadln ua hi(h |klMl. J4II. 3Mt, 3<^, lid*'
pill I d l(r Anchtdaaa, itibt'
iimtan, :ll - »
/nliaiian ilmaunof XilKih. titi lit iHiiifM •ft«f lali>
llUM I llllll „ « "
Jlibiinnn, aim fif FHaalb 'jMI "
JiillM Hvrianua, kko llyfi iMua ''
',1l» Itaptiit putloib'ath h|pl|i-(M,mT
— I- tin* aoiinl IKifiaa 3IM
— U, rnlli d liiiddia Jonaiban a brnilior iikillii) !i3<r
.— .;- amid ^a<vl n bniMa l]ia< hain 1 l> an i iifmir t«
'Ji'aupbua II, H 4TH aiiyi* aralinolulndnniiiiHui .VM 314.
Jnbn aimofHuaaa r^f
■ ih<> Kaaoni 477 litl
, mm nf Jnilaa bi(h iwlrtt, 9X1 , irivrdon kia hruih*!
Inthi limpb ibid ,
l»bn, vapiara of till Idumi oua liilli d ill
Jimgda'li \minin < kinaniaii, 1411. auttnf Miimrai, ISO
Juiinli till' P'npjiiit Ifi "
Jniiaihail annul Ananui HH li fuaaathobiilijirn-athnntf,
{bill, Ilia 01 inma 4U| liu la liinnb p d bv ibi Hii aril, 4tilt.
Jniiaihiii ihIImI Alipbiia lb Mil i »Ib>i ,'IH, Iip makia «
li-a.uo wilh Aniiiahiia t.U|i*lu(, 41 1 la aurprwd bjr
Triphn niidkiilid ilml - ., , ,
Jnnnihnn win ot Niid bi «|a a (inrrwm id iln l'hdiatln«f,
ISI, nnmriU-a Haul to Utviil IJ"I, hia ronli-rrjicp with
Dlniil ibid laidilMi inlUlllli'by Ihi- I'bili-llnaa 1>
Jonaibun, a etiltunx, iirniokia ilvrcanua airamat llm
l'lmn.»a„ J7II ^1, I
Junaihnn a Ji w flinlb ngiia r(i|i Ronikiia to • amnio mm
but, S3i, III la k|lk-d by I'rw u; ihid
Jiyiiaiban Ibi-Hnnof Abialbiir, I3|
Jilnaibiin, niiKliiidirof thi Biriini .17H "
4niialhuii, till) highprn at. rourdi rod bjr Iho ofdrr of talii,
4IM ^
Jonathan, Iho MSfi-nla^. mnde i-imimanili r of tbn Jfwa
•Tier Judaa, !Wi, with hia liroihi r Hiniondiiffaia Ilia «»
Imtrnna ibid makia la an Willi Ibutbidi-a '^7 natnrw
tbi divini w«r«hi|' itnd di I' "ta IKmnrrTgaa inpiaina
Sin, riiu wa tin kiiirni wnb ihi lloniuna and Hjaiilana
ibnl, bia bitir In thii4>4|iliitaiia, ibid, )itt la kilM by
Tiypbo SNA , „ ,„,
lonnili 111 llin ann nfPliimi al^ kill* a Riant, lo7
Onm I i'"n <••, •>"' M-ioinia 474i-il< inolnhid. 413
r
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INDEX.
*
7.
jMcph, mn of ZKhatiaa, 3.T1
Joiwiih, Kon of A">i|«i>"". <■■*•■ .«.. ■ 1 1 /
J(j»«I.I. Cubi, wri ol'Siinon llio liit(li piieil, HOll; ho it M.
^ priviid, iliW- . .. t • . onu.i. i.jl
JuM^ih, Kill of C«mu«. u in»do high priMt, 39H, ho H a»-
jliil.pii,'tiill«a Cuittphai,* maile high i»ioil, 302; lie 1« do-
jSnpii.'ioii of « fitimlfl phyiician,»'titiup««idillon«t
Uainiilii, !!• • /
Joti-ohtjori <if Pttloln, fiaUi / i ui t
JcM|.h,ir>ir«r Ellonim, offlciulei for MMthi" IM hW"
prifil, 350- „ . .,- v/'
Jiwcpli.* till"''*"' of Archolam, 453. V-'
Jonenh, lli-od'a ur.H«, :«t5; ho mnrric. Biilomn, Herod «
•i«iijr, 436, h« diioonirn liiii injuiictioiKlo lilll Murmnino,
aiid in put to ilwiih, 3H5, 30(1. ,
V Jowph, Hcrwl'ii br..ili»r, 'JKf, 3rt7; ho ia Knt Into Idunwa,
\ a)8 ; hi" iloHlh, 4ii. „
Vo««ph, aon of Jo«c(ih, Ilor.xl .< brollier, 3W.
^- ph. son of Toliinn, tnpr<«.ch(» lii» uiinin Onioi, J4.I,
rooion Bii crnhKHty to I'K.lomy, iliid; binim.- h"." •«»•
hthocer, 'iU \ twn to Hyriu fo Ruilu'r Iho l««i«, ilnd; Iih
flllh and childrfii, ihld; tx-coK Hyrcanm on hu brO-
^-'« daualiu'fi-ibid; dii!«, SMrJ. , , .i
ill, mil id' Jacob, hi" drenm., 4.1; lio l« «old lolh" I-h-
......lite", 44; Ml. cliniitity, 45: boia put in prwiii, 4B; he
WTcleawd, ibid: bo disi-oriT. hia Vi.thr.-.,,-47; bn ir«;«
thoin 4f'; bo dincovora liiimalf lo tlicni.fil; \m lU'iitb, J.i.
Jo«M.hu«, sun of Mnnailiiaii, iniidu it.ivornor ol «ialHi;o,
477- hia diiiiffiT at Tarithoir, 471': li« rtdur-iia J'lKJna'"
by Mraliif.iii, 4WI: in in Krrat dmiRer .iiaiiiii, 4WI ; Ijw
mollicr luHiiiila biiii n« •d.Mid,.ibid; bi» *ji.Trh U> 11m
Taricbi'iiu*, !l: his Hlniiasima, 10, II, l.t, 1.), ;»..••.
4H7: h.Mi«ru|»'9BtT™t dnnaiT.ft: bo p.K>s_l» lllK!riai|,
11 hia woiiduOul driain, U: bo pn.a |» liiairhiw, IS,
. Ui: Ilia tiilhor pirt ii. ihniiw, 544 :. bo >* biiruyiil li)r«
womaii, 4!^-^ b.' .iiiKMidtr^ himnolHi. Nioauor, ibid:4iiB
lipoocli'^o hi^ coinpariiuTi*. 4!W: be ia in dunRer ol liia lilo
4!I4: b« ftd»i»e« Iho nialing otlola, iliid: ho la inrriod l«.
Voai«aiaii, ildd: bi'< "l'**'-!' '" Voapa-iaii, ibid : he la
hohorod by Voaiioaiail and TiluH, ibid, yi : l;y Hijraiimn
. iiid Ihiniilia, '->■/ In, ia «>t at lil-rly S-J-J; liiH apoj^jr-l.oa
. tothoJowa, advising them to aurrolidot,.|J<, .04'.!; no la
■ iocuacd of a rjinapiracy, 57H : Titua C'ivia hiin lands in
Jndoa,2l: ho hod in all throo wivca, -ii: hi" ibiidron, ili.:
ho waa irroatly akillo.l in Hobr.-w ami Orc.k loaruuif!,
4()0- of ihoaoctoTlho I'barisooa, 3: ho m» to Komo,
ibid: ho ia mado Goyornor of Goliloo, 4 : 1>('0« tho »p-
nhoritoafrom foar, iliiil: ainya iii Galili*. b: bia nimlora-
tion t>: hia doaisn in writing tho Anti.iuitioa,4(U: bia
dilimnco in wriliii!t hislory, ilild: bo pnimiaca ntlior
worKs, a4i 40!»: when Jie fiiiialiod Iho Anmiuitioa, ibid .
wheh ho waa born, 3 : bia coiiduol in Galiloo, f, : bo «I>-
uoala to Voapaaian. Titui and othora, for the truth of hia
biatory, 5«. . .
Joaliua, «on of Nun. Pec Jeaua.
Joshua, aoni>rBio,hif;bprioat, 359. ., „«
Joaiah, king of Judah, his piety, 207; his <lealh,20?.
Jotapata boaiijvd, taken, ulrd doinolifbed, 4?^ to 4!ll.
Jolbain.sunofGidenn.his parable totlioSliechemitoa; 110.
Jolham, kin!- of Jndiib, 200; hia death, 201.
Irenoua tlie pliador, :W3. n.. ii ..j i.„
t Iron harder than g.d.1, or ailvcr, or brass, 214; blunted by
ahiuphl<jt,373.
laaiiiTi- the proplict, 202. 204 ; his euloyium, 20fi ; hia pro-
• phccv roiicernins the Assyrians. 205 ; coilrornin!: tynie
two hundred and ten voara befnro hia rei^n, 210; tjie
fame read liy Cyrus, ibid; his prophecy concerning the
temple of Oniaa, 57H. , ... . , i
hhbuaheth, son of Saul, is made king, 140 ; is uinrdorcd
by treachery, 142.
Ishmael! «on of Nothanlah, murdcra Gedaliah, the ton of
laia, licr tempte polluted and demolislied, 304.
Israel. Sec Jacob. , , ,
laraelilea, numbered, 77, 15?; their rcliRioua leal Blacken-
' ed, I05;'lhcy ore carried captive into Media and Persia,
203.
latob. or labtob, kinjr, 140.
lana, hicb priusi, 211. „- , ,. ,
• Ithamar, son of Anton, 72; hia family, 183; losoa thq high
prioathood, Hll
Ithonalus. Bee F.thbnal \
Juba, king of Libya, 455
Jubal,27. ,
Jubilfw 'T?*
Jncundus one of Hernd'a llfe-guarda. rai«e« a calumny
— ■ against Alenander, 337.
Jucnitdua, eaptain of liorie, 464.
Jodadaa, or Dodan, 31.
^ndaa, tlisEaawK', ajironhel,265. , , .u .
Judai a Galitean or Gaulonito, the author of • roortli fcct
I the Jawi, 300, 362,455.
Jnlaa. ion of Jairua, U alajn, S70
Jiidiia>onnf Aininndiib, 'Wl. ■.■ iv'i.
Juiha ino*''i'''ab«'.24rt: aucreeds Mattlnaa hit ntnar.
ibiii, 412; bia aia-epli to his men liefure a liattle. 240; h*
ia iii-tiir, ibid: ho ronua to Jotu'ulom, and riaiores th«
teimili/wiir'bip, 250, to.: inkoa venaeanre on tbo^ldu-
nieityUnd other*, il.idj l» sicdia tllii oiliidol at Jerutaj
lom7«5i: ia "lado bWi iirK'at, 2.'Wi: malos on allian^
wuilitbo lliininna.ibid: n^hta lluceliidea, ibid : la 4j^Ue1l
iiiObolmtU.-,. ibid • ,.„
Ji/diia, son of • hnpseua, 2li3. ,
Julias, abn of t*iriphua, or S'pphorena, WO, 448.
Judua, >dn ol/Klmsib, bi;'h prieal, 2:i:i. -
Judns, anil iif Kzif liilis, riucb ndorul the riibWra, .130,40*
judoa, it l/t!'"" at (\iren-, 'irO\ a croat ••nrthnuaka id
Juilea,3(lS; il'lirlilllv, .'in-': ruiuiiina ;i,ll(IO,llOUol acre*
of I'laid Ullld, ihill : its diarriplion, 4r2 : Joueth, bteudlh,
and linilla, 4H3: but lately kimwii 4a» the «;reeka, a»fl.
liltounJiiiR with luiatnro, 300, 4^2 inkon from Arche.
Iiiiia, Xinl unneied to Hvria,3ll0; (iarted by G'alpnius iota
fivo/urisdicliuna, 2ri3:"ontir{lv aiibdnrd and pnciHed by
TiiAs, 5J7; inadoHiUutiiry Ib.tlio Knmnna, 2t!J.
Juil/iea of tho Hebrews, sin'plo !rii*eriH>ra^2'i4.
JOi^'oa at ji'ruaalom. the Hunhi'drlm, l''7. _^
jJiiiea of tbo ruuiH-il in Bvria and rbo'iiiiia, 223: tercn
Tleriiir JudKoa in every city, liiit an apjanl fromlhcmto
[liOfreiit Haiibednm at Jeruaiilemf01,'J2.
ilpa, bidiprioat, an. , ™ n.n
..Jia, or I.ivni, Augustus Ca-eart wile, 330. Mi.
Jolni,.('aiua> riitir, :i!ll. _
Julian of l(ilbynin,a viiliniit i*a)>laln, 549 ; hit death, ibiil
Juliua ('ii]»)lluH. i. , , , . Jr.
Julius L'asur's I'llor to the pidoninna, with hia ifTid
ili'.roia ill fiiviirjifllie Jowa. tie IVaiir and llocreei.
Juliua l.upns. 3^* „
Julius, cinnmander-of a Romiin loirion, ..(l.>. _
Jiipitor IMb'iiiua'a tomplo ii|»>n Mount <!orizJim, 247
Juuilirthe ('iini|ucriirVliinii|ci, ll'.ily
Jupilei'Olvm|iius'siiniplo,'.>4;,biaatatuo, Jeo.
Justus, aoli ol Joai'phua, 22. ,.
Justus of TilKTiUs, llie hialonan, V ; when they puhlitli
ed his liislory, ibid; be is eohdeinned by Veapasiaiit but
saved bv kini; Agrippa, 21. .,. ./ -i.
Justus. aViii of llstua, SI ira up sodiuon, .'>; Ins i oarnctfcr. iD.
Iziiloa, aim .d' •iiii.'in Molina, embnicos tlio^Jewlsli ."■Jig«>li,
:i«H; IS cirrunioised, ibid; c'lUMUfrs liiseliomio*, .SW,
40(i; aun-eeds Moiiobazua, :«!><;. be dies, 401 ; lijs chd
dren and brethren are WaicgeiUn Jctoaalem,
Kareali. 212. .
Komuel, sun of Viihor, 31.
Keturab, AbriibuDra hifi wifo,30. ,J. »
.Kill", hia priiifiiuil nuuliliraliuna, Ifll ; throo d Aica of, J
kiir' pi«lvtmvurd8GiMl,juaiicoiuward8biasubfcctB,anrt
care of the pulilic welfare, 200; need not five aijconnl of
hia nrtiona, in I bo opinion of Antony, 305 r ihould be
eminently paid, 137.
Kiiij.' Solonion'a palace, 170.
Kings of David's race, htiw many, 311. /
Kingdom, a reward of virtue, 12t».
Kitiim, or Oiihium, .TQi
Kornll, si'O Corah.
Kozc an idol of tho Idulneana before they turned Jewt, 3I4.<
Laban, son of Bothuel, 31 ; bia fraud. 40.
LalMir. nothing gotten without tt,!!.";. .
LulKirosoarchod, or l,aboaordacuB, 2Ili, 5«J. .
Ucedoinoniuna derived from Ahraiinni, as well •» th«
Jews, 245. 203. ^ „ .
Language, abusive, not to be punished with death, 270,
Lunguairoa toiifounded, .30.
Laudico, queen of the Giloadilos, 274. _
I.oiidicenna,tlicir.lotter to Cuiua Hubilius, in favorofthe
Jowa,2:i0. ,
Lasdieiiea. a Cretlan, 201. . „• .
Laws given to the Israelites by Moses u|ion Mount Binai,
00 iK) (11 ; to be read on tlio feast of I aliernnelea, lUld ;
to'lm leariio.r bv children lieforo all tbiiiga, ibid ; to bo
written in tho niind and memory, ihid ; forliiil Ij"' pu""
iahmont of children for Ijioir parents' Crimea 1!'7; (of.
a rebellious son to bo atoned, ;I40; martial laws, ti04,
tho tables of Iho law. or ten rimimaiidmenta, ()7; law
of Moses iranalatcd into Greek under I'lolomy 1 liiia-
dolphua, 23. 2:10; a law mado by llcroil to aell tbievea to
forcignera, 323 ; law carriecUn triumph at Homo, 50».
Laws among tho Peraiana left to Iho interpretation of •••
von persons, 255. « t » eon
I«ntulus's. (Luciua) decree in favor of tho Jews, 589. .
IjopidoB killed by ruins, 3:'l. 'n
Lcpidus, (L.n-cius,! .'>3.5.-
LeurouB persons, obtain places of honor among wiveralnit-
fiuiia 711; are to live out of eittea by the Samaritan
and Jewish laws, 1S2; tho hi|«ra of Samaria retolvo to •
ftminotogoovertotheencmy, ibi* „^,. i..
Letters of the alpbala't, whether brought into Greece HJ
Cadmua and tho PhoDniciant, 480.
■p^'
r
I othct
'li|:inii,
/iiltUra of Hulomon, inil IliMn^ and th* Tyiinni, 165 ; of
Xerm. kinx uf tli« Pnrniiiiu. tn l^ir*, !KU; uC Artjiivriii
to thu govvniurs iiuar Judri, '^iK ^U; of Anliurbui \\wt
HxvtiiK 10 Ptolt.-mV KpjphdDC*. 'i-I^J; lA /euiJN, ibiil'; of
Artiun, kiiif(of iho LauuiJiuiinriiuiiii, ti>Oniiu, 'i45; of thu
INDEX.
Oil
Qkmuriiiiiit iivAiiiMirliuii Thill*. 'J47; of Alt'iandnr lUUa
to Jiiiiatlian/i37; of OiiuistolMuloiiiy iiiiil:ChiiiiKiiru. »><;
of Klolutny anii ClHo|M(ra, \\\ Oiiia*. *i5!(; of lleritt-irius
Niniiior III JoiiHthanniiil Iho JewM, 'it'll ; of Juliu* t'li-Mir
to tliK Kiimiiii iuai:i>iraii.'ii, 'lifl, 'i^ \ niul tu ilui Hiiioiii'
an^,- iliiil; uf .Murk Aniimy to thu Tyriitui. %\\,
Lovilu'i'Roncubiiiu ubusui) hy tho uibabitunla uf (tibuah,
lOtl. i. ,
Lovili'H, rxuinpiiMl friim mililary funciiona, K1;
Ijuvitioiil tiribitroniH.V'niii.'.d by Mo«w, Kt; tbcjr ullowanao,
itiii) ;'hnw iiiiiiiy ^itit'H bi'tiinifi'i) to tbum, ibid.
Liboridi* iMrixiinun, ^ivrrnor'-iif J.iiilrH,A71.
LiUirty j^ruiitutl Ibu Juwa by liemutriui, "HH*
l,i1.ya, St).
LoiijfiiiUH, a tritiuiio. 470.
Loiij^iiijuN, a kiiii;lii, bin bruvory, 5:U.'
LontluK. u violvul Uomaii, killn biinnlf, 5j3. ^
Lot, 3:1. ' I
Lol'« wi(i^ ;M, I
IjuriliiJH UiuNUM talfci Mar.kurup, 5(>!l
LuculluK, '•ill.
l^upUK, Kuvurniir of .Alf'xandriu, .'>&7.
LDpait. Juliuv, aconapiratitf, it put to death, 3!Kt.
Lyliyo»,:W.
tjyrurfiijM. 1105.
Lyttdn iiuriit, 474. ' * ' '
Lytaiiias. hod of Ptolomy, ia put to dpaih, 3nt}, 4'M.
LyMiuH, romniaoilor uf Aiitiocbiirt'ri army, !i4^i.
LjrainiacbuD obtaiiMtho tovuriiinuiit of tlio Hulleapotit, af-
ter thu iluaUi of .Vluxandur. tAES. '
M. ^
' Maarn, ioo of Nntior, by bin ron'cubine Ruuma, 31.
Maririiii, Ki-hotMMim'it wifu, 177.^
MftURciuh,-«rovrrnor of thu city, iW6. . "
Maiiciibi-j's tbi'ir hiitnry, U4H.
Mari-dntiiiitiii, ^'ovornudby a Roman proconsul, 46H.
Ma<-biTu<, 'Jim, :iW>,43H, 4*1,
MurbnruH, •urruiidurs to Baiaua, in order to aql EleaEar
at liburiy, 570. '
Macbiiu'8. or.nn);inca, of thn Roinani, 533; for caatiiig
atoni's, of bow gruat force, 4B9.
Macbir, 1411.
Madtti, or Modes, 30.
Magician, 4lfcJ.
Mn»ii2,;». . •
Mahalalcel, 2H,
Mahlon, mn of Klimelurh, IIS
Malaluel or MahulalccI, 2H. „
Maichikliua, aoii of Raul, 138..
Mal^bu^ nr MulicliUH. kin^ of the Arabiann, i^TiS, iKW, 436.
' Malichwi, a Juwish coinniundor, 419, 4iU, 4'J3; hu ptiininii
Aiilipatcr, 4£l; ho in a •rruut diiaumblur, iltid ; ho ia kill-
ed hy a devicu of .Murod, ibid. -^ .
Maltbaci', Arrliobiu<<'a motbor, diea, 354; ahe waira Sama-
ritan, and llurod'a wifu, 443.
Mambre, or Mamro, 113.
Manahom, an Knaunu, :&0. •
Manahero, aiin of Judiia the Raliluan, 4, 471.
Manaaivh, kini; of Judah, 'JUt'i; ho incarrbid iiitonaptivity,
ibid; ho in aunt back t» liia kingdom, and diua. iliid.
Manaiisub, hrnthur'af Jaddus, niiirrica the danchlur of
Siinballut. ?34; he ia mado high priest among tho Sama-
ritana, ibid. .
Sfiinlius, (Lnriiis,) Son ofLuciu!), ffli.1.. . '
Maana rained from licavon, t>3; tlw aieiiificatinn of tho
^wiird, U4 ; Jt aort of manna fell iu Arabia, in tliu days of
.*'jow>pliua, ibid* ' _
Manneua, aim of Lazarus, 545.
Manouh, \H. *
Manalaii^btFr, auspectod,liow purged among the Jews, 03.
Marccllua, 3115. . "
Mareu?, or Mpreus, president of SyriBj, after Bextiw
Cft.»ar,391,4'ii -
Marcus, prcaidcnt of Syria, succeeds Petroniua. .T»4, .IBS.
Mariamne, Aprippa ai'iiiiir'a dimebti'r by Cypioa, 367;
• married to Art-bulaua, 41)3 ;. divorced, 404 ; afterwand
married to Drniutriua, ibid. /
Mariamne, dauglilur of Ab-xondcr the son of .^riatohnlua,
■•married to llern<l,4'M; Hbu sruwa ansry with Herod,
* . 312, 4.15 ; her tempe*, .113 ; aliu is put to death, ibid; hor
. euloj;iuni, ihiil ; brr booh atrangled, -U-i.
. Mariamne, danclitcr of Jiwepbua and t)lympias,' 367.
Mariamne, daugliter of Siniuii tlie bigM priest, 367>
Marion, tvranl of tho TyrioM. 2112.
. Marriujfb of freemen with slavra itiflawful among tho Jewa,
93.
Matfriaso contracts, altered by Iloroil at Antipater's de-
sire. 312. *..».
Maravaa, freedman of Agrippa, ,108, 371, 37*.
Marullua, muster of tlie horse, 372.
Mary, 'a noble woman, eats her own child, 553.
b Matialhiua, great graDiIaouofAsmoneui, the fatQerbftho
tiaiihias Ephiiaa, Iwoof Joseph*'*
Maccabees, 847; refuses to olTer Mtrrifin* la an Idol, M8 1
]>'rsuBd<iB the Jews in tliihC'ua the Habbaih-day, ibid
I'shorM Ilia anna iii defi-nd the law, ibid ; he diea, ibid.
lUatlaihiaa, aim of Abaahini, ttO.
MalhM, sun of Msllathiua, '.■4H.
Matlbiaa, nindr lugh'^irieat. ;ti4
Mallhiaal.'uriuaand Ml
.anceatora, 3.
Mattbina, aoii of Marialotbua,or Margalus, 340,-448; Im
ami hia |mrtneia are hurftt aline, :I5U,
Matlbiaa, jiiHi of 'I'huopbilua, m^ high priest,349, 4(7
lio-ia deprived, 3J0.
Malthiaa, JiiM'phua'a fallH-r. 3.
Mutlhiua,aiiiiof Ibatbua.caila in Bimon to his ■aalstatM.
nod ia afterwiird put in deuth hv bini, 514.
Miiiiinua, U.ibi'riua,) Kovirnor uf Judea, 571.
lyiaiiniua, (Tri'lH.JIiua,) :i/<H.
Meal, the iiuri'Bl uaiil in the Jewish oblaliora, 7S.
Megaaaarua, 54-J.
Meirus, a<niuf llrlgaa, .Uny^ ■ .
Mi-lua, an nmtiaaAador of .Vebelana, 338. ' ^
jVIi-lcbiaeiUT I'literiiiina Abriini, ;13-
Miimucan, one of I lie si^ yen priiiros of Persia, fl28 -
Menahiim, generalufHItallum's army, kills hiiDiand
Ilia kingdom, UOO. ., ■" '.
Menodemus, the pliiKaHiphor, !M0.
Meni-laua, or Oniiiai2tl>. -^
Menea, or Miih'ua, built Memphis, J7I.
Vf
Men's lives bad lawp happy, if Adam had not sinned, tS.
Mephilioaheth, son of Jon;
DuVid, 144), I.Vi.
onathan, is highly hvored by
......f ...flock, oflorod by Abel, Sts
Miiiucianua, (Anniua,) Wl, 3(^ ^-.
Mephramulbiaiia, king of K'*y|rt, .'iH4.
Mepbrii<, king of Kgypt. ,1h4.
Merabulua, kingofihoTyriana. SHQ, ■. .1'^ _; _ .
Mi>r:iiolli, aoii of Juntbiini, 11)3. . '. '
Mislui.-kiilgof Miaib, IKII. • ■
Meabi'cb.'or Muaonh, 30.
MealM-eli, oiH> of thu three holy children, 313.
Mearaim, or Meairnim, 30.-
Mearaiie^, or Meatreans, Egyptians, 30.
Mean, or Muab, 31.
MiiMila. 2117. ■
Muaaiilina, wife of Claudius, 404, 403.
MelbilMiia. SH.
Mi-tiliua, a Roman commander, 471. ■ ' ■
Mieub, the prophet, iguuti'il in jeremiab, 20R. #
Mjcaiah, tbo prn|diet, IMi..: be is put In priaon. fcid.
Mice, ajMHl the country of Aalidod, 117;' Ave golden iittea
sent as a sacrifice, with Ibn ark, by, the Philistines, ibid,
Mielia, auntif Mephiboaheth, I4li.
Michiij, Haul'ii daughter, married lo David, ISO; ahe »ita. 'iMu^,'
David's life. 130. f^^-
.Midianiles, bring Israel into subjoclion, 100; Moees makea^^:; vX< :
war upon them and beats them,Hcj their woaeD sedae't^fiy -,
the Israelites, K7. • ■j;-;.-
MMenh, wifcof Nahor,31. "
Milk, Willi ibe firallingaoftli*
Miiiui'ianua, (Marcus,) 31)1.
MtraeloE, a fuaiiilatiun of credibility, SOS. .
Miriam, MuNea'a sister, dies, K4.
Miaael, one uf thu three huly children, SISL
Milguna-i, judge of the I'yriana, 580.
Milliridutest the treasurer, 211^.
Mithriduiea. king of Pi-rgaiiius, 284; brings iiiccon to
Oaur in Egv|ti;285, 4-il.
Milhridnlea, ^nax, kins of i'arthift, 37S..
Mithridutea, kinrf of Poniua, dies, 281.
Mithriilulea.a Parthian, marries king Ariabanos'a daugh-
ter. 37H; he ia taken pri.-^oner, by Anilcna, 370; and aet
at lilM'rIy, ibid; liis eipudit inn against Ibe Jowt, ibid; he
routa Aiiileua, ibid. « -
Moiliua jKi)uicUlua, 0, P, 11.
Moiiolm/ua, kinu of Adiabene, 3!)8, 474 ; his death, 308.
Moon ecliiwed, :t5().
Moaea, hia cbaracler, 31 ; hia birth foretold, S3; how born
and anved nlive, .51 ; why called Mouaoa, br Moe^Si ibid,
.9.12; adopted 1>y Tbermutliis, 54; brought op to succeed
her fother, ibid; tramplea ihe cr(\wn under his feel, .55;
he ia made ireneral of the Egyptian army, and beats the'
F.tbioniana, ibid ; he marriis ^'harliia, tho kingnf Ethio-
piu's danghler, 56 ; ho flies enl of KgypI, ibid; he assists
Kiit.'Ueraduiighti'ra agaiimt tlin shepherds, ibid; see< Ihe
^burning btiah at Hinai, ibid ;. is n|i|Kunted to be the deli-
verer of thu laraeliira, ibid ; he dia^a miraclea, and hears
the most sacred name Of Ood, 57; he reiurna to Kgypt,
iliid; he works mlmclea beliiru Pharaoh, 58; he leads tho
Iiiraelilea nut of Kevpt, .5!); bow many wns tlieir num-
ber, iliid ; hoyy old lie wna at that lime, ibid; hia praWr
to (iod, till; he leada thn laraelitea t|irougb IheRed Sea,
ibid ; he makea thn biller wulera sweet. 62; be proenrea
the laruelites quails and manna, ri.1,ti4; he brings water
out of tbo rock, ibid; he beats tho Amabkiies, t^; he.
brings lo thn people tho tables of the rovenani, .67 ; he
etays furly days U|>in Miinnt Sinai, ibid; bis so long stay
eauaes groat doubts and uneasiness among thoWople,
ibid; hocohferi tho priesthood 4m Aaron, 7S; onilit*
642
INDEX.
X
m
Mndi tt llM l«b*fniirl«, Ibid; n.ijii.rr«if. lo Oml Ihn
uTlM of b»vi. 77; iiumU«ri iIih i»-»|.l«, il-iH ; «lyM ot.l..ri
ibf Ihi^r marching. 70, tc; •Mn.li -pi« I" "•"•h ' ''
iMdof C»p»in,7rt; quiill. Ilie f»rU<>n oM.wjih, HI, lii«
J«iic«,ilihl: hi. |.n.yer to •J'"'; /.''"'i^'l'L H?r.",". h
peoMi". Mi h«*:«roy. 8ih..a »..l Ok, Ni; h« ^f^J" "'
»«« 19*1. pre.li«li«l. lifor* 4.1. d..lh, Wt; hi. winR
In li-.iffiW.^r »' rw, 9«; • foM|.itUl»lioi) of bi. l«w., Il>|it,
Ik, bind. Ih« I.taolile. by Moaih toolMorv. ">""'. "J-
l.o-i>l««f. Jo.bu«, «nd e.horl. blin to l«|.|l tbo Irtliolilc.
«rtBniK<«Hi.l¥ iiilo Iho Und of (.•mim.n. ilnd ; b« i« ««r-
rounded Willi ■ cloud iiid diiiip|«'«i.. HH; hi" "»«lb urnat-
ly Uiiwnt.d by Ih" |mi|>b- («' tl'i'ly "lny«. I "<l; '"' '• •'""•
!j.li/.„.l «. ufllictml will. ilHi h'i.i..«y, 7t>: hi. Krct tulho-
rity, 711; hi» l">ok« laid up in the tiimple. «tt7; wh«l tnev
eonliln, *H ; f»lb'd by Almwlho OMt.inh. • pti».l of
0.irii. of IHioiioli;. 5*; .Howml ►•» ','■" •'V''"'!"r,'"K'!!
■ divliiH roan, lUlVthn ano. in which b" liv"d, •»" ;!»'•
Tirtupand great aJiliun., QtO i hi. i«i.tority honored by
David, lUU.
Muclanu., prc.idcnt of Syria, SOO, 817, Ml, iJM-
Mule, the kind', mule, IliO. icvr a.,„„i.
Mundu., (Dtciu.,) ra»i.hoa Paulina, tho wlfoof Batarnl-
nu., 304.
Mureui. Soo Marcat. a i ,,. a ttt
Mii.ical initrumsnU of th* Jewl daacrlbed, 157.
If yiian war, MT.
Naamah, an AmmonltOM. thn mother of Kehoboam, 175.
Naamab. dau|(blor of Umech, 87. ,
Nauih, or NahaMi, kin« ft tho Ammonitei, 146, hi» war
anin.t thn I.iaclilc, 121.
Nabal, a looli.h man,l34. fn.k.Inn
Nabo«ndelu.,or Nabonadiut, or Baltaaar, king of Babylon,
a\t\ ArtI)
Nabiawir, or Nabopollawar, king of Babylon, S85.
NlS^cLtaowr, or Neb»chadnez«r, ki-^^f B»^/'™-
585: ho cwiquor. a (treat pari «l 8yna, JOH, ho lay. a
tM upon Iho Jew., ibid; be take, and iocM J'.r"" ''"';
Mil, 210; hi. faroou. dream or vi.ion. 2H; '''•, f "'" ''
image, ibid ; he livei among the boaata of the field, 21S ,
lJ5iQiarad«n, or Nehuiaradait, plunden «?<' M"" "••
lamph), till ; hi. other nieroorablc iirti<mii, 318.
Naeebaa, captain of the Arablana, 338, SV
Naehori pr Nab*, 31. ^
Kadab,«onofAaron,78,73. ,-,
Nadab, king of I.raol after JerotaWt, 179.
Mahaah. BcoNaaah. „._.
Nthiim the prophet. 300 ; hia prophecy eoneerning Nino-
Teh. 201. ., ,,^
-. Naomi. Elimelech'. Wife, 115.
Nathan, David*, too, 143. _
■ Nathan, the prophet, 145. 148, 180.
Nation. di.p,riid. 30; called by new naniei by the
Greek>,31.
NCor^N^ho. kinjtpf Egypt. 907; h. i. e«.,«predby
NXmth'!"sS£?b'ifl^»e to hi. country, 227; b. ajhort.
"ho people to rebuild tli^ wall. of iera«lem, ibid; hi.
death and eulii»ium, ilnd-
Nohu.bta, molber of JoiioiBchin, aw.
Neonoliiann.. H, 466. '
Nophan, or Elhanan, 157.
Nerfal..harozer,2M.
Nerlah, high prieM, 211.
• NeriKlis.or, king of Babylon, 218. ■
Nero, made omr»!ror, 4W. 462 ; « mort eruel tyrant. 405,
hi. violent death, 517.
: Nto^r. wim «^: ""t fcy >>«>>»»"»• •««!"•' J"-""-
854; defeated and kakd, ibid. ..... . ,
I«^r. a friend of Titui, wounded with an arrow,
SXA,
Nicaw. married to Mana»h,iB4.
- Nictnle, or Nitocri.. qoeen of fcgypt, it* . _ _„
, Ni"°^Mhe conqnero},) the name of the prineipal Roman
NS-oflSmS?;*, the Jew.- advocate, 241 324; he i.
»nt to Herod by Auguslo., 3.17; liW .peech before Au-
^ua in ftiVor bf Archcluu., 3S4, 338, 452 ; be eiagge.
SSaAlttipTr-a crime., 347, 448 ; hi. brother Plolemy,
i^,, of ^eteav 474. 47t. 481, 512; hU wonderful ejcape,
«s». \ ■■■.."■ "^ .
Higlianr,916. ^
Nlmrod,orNl!brode.,29.'. u one
mnoeb or Araike, a temple at Nineveh, aw.
SrSrN«h.«; he i. ived in the ark, 38; invocae.
. "oSiXX deiuge. 2»i Goi an.wer. hi. t»«y«'. ">'*,
tarn given to him, ibid; he i.bverukeu with wine,3I,
hhi?pealogy.8»;hiideii{)i,ibid.
^ Ji,, on* hgndred and eighlf (\irlonga
njibi», 5;«. „. J. , 1
PtliTii.". (C'lilu.) leller to thn Batdinlaiia in
Numd. I
irom' I .
NnrbAiiu* - - - ^ j
behm'iif the Jiwii,3:il. ,„, - • „
NurbRiiuii (nnofher peniiii) .lain. Mi.
NunMiiiui, wn of Aiiliuclra«, 263. <
Oiilh prevail, with Poiil nlwye natural atTi-rllon, 123.
(Mi»di«h, a prdli'iliit iil'ibe irue pi«|>hoU, 111*
OUlid, Iho Inlhrr iif Jewe, IIJS.
OlH-d. Ibe pjopl»et,2ltl. ' , . ,. ....
01)«ili«.nceVi> be karued before men underlak)) govarii'
liieiil.'JO.''^ _.
0li..||«», king of Ibe Arabian., 274.
tViavia, duugblcr of lllaudiu., 4(i'J. •.
ibiea., bigh prieit, 211.
Ok, king of iW.baii, M; hi. iron b.'d, (bid.
Oil «mS in thn Jowinb oblalion., 7.V, oil con.umoi' by the
«i.dili,.u» .'>4.i; oil lireiiiired bv lololgncrii not owd by
o'lympir,' H..r'«.r« 'daugliter by M»'"'"'''v"„!rr."hlil'
;M3; «ho in married to Jo«!pl'. ""> wn o" "•'""• "^
Iher, 44X . , . i„„
OlympiuK, JuiiitiT'. image, 3W.
Olyimiu. will to Rome, 338, XIU, .441.
(hnrC king of IitrncI, 1(<1.
On, the lun <if IVleih, HO. . , . ' . , .i.u.ik™jww
(liiin., «.n of Juddini, .uece..d. in the high priejlhood Ktt
Mniui, Ihn lumof Simon; made high prnil, .84J . cauKa
great iroMlile., ibid; "- ■■ iT'.' i. _.i„.. >mi
Oiiiu., br..tlier nf Je.u., or Jamin, made V«<''JJ''r,'^vf?--.
.Oriia»andl)i»ithou.,.two ^ewi.b captain., wved fcgypl
({);?;:;,«« of 0«i«-, Aie. imo Egypt, and there dc.ire. to
, bu" a Jewi.b temple, S«8, 412, »*•» I''" '''l"'','"' '°t.
my «.,d Cle»i»lr«, 858; their .imwer 83!. ; liMmild. the
temple OniiMi, ibid ; tl.ut leinide »;hiil "f. *«•„„,.„
Oni«!,a junl imin.prw urcrnininafamiiw by hin piayera,
011I . i,n ia .lulled to ileath, ibid. MimtL..
2?.l; he i' aiuiied toileath, ibid,
Ophelliu., 2113, 423. .
Ophir.31. , . '
OiHilmlminmni, li'.'', 281. . . '¥^
Oracle, of I be priipbet», concerning the •-.rnr^
ruMiilem. 513, 358 ;, concerning a great /fihfiev-
Judea, S-W. »;■■•
Oreb, akingof Midian,110. .if
oIC;rw\^II?Araun«b;ilje Jebu.ilo.'l5»; hi. threthl^^^^
floorTibid ; where I. Jcwa. to be oHurcd. and the tem-
ple wai afterward buin; ibid," ":
Oriiah. 115. *,!t.. %
Oru., king of EgyplS684. »- , «j. 590
a.ar.ipl.,(f"r M"**-) ",l'""V*ii"f '^'^r Ml '
Otho, made e.^«.ror, *.l ; he kill. t"n"";lf. *»;
Oien, brazen, the Ji-w. forbidden to muke them, 174.
Pacorun, kUig of Media,. 400;' redeem. W. wife and eon.
cubine. from the Alans, CtTl, ■ _ „f c*
Pooor.i« the king of PartbiS'»*>n, get. i»ii.eB«m of By
tZ^M lay. a plot to catch Hyrcenu. and_ P,h"«> »•
JeiuHalem, ibid; i«fl«in 111 battle, 8.i!i. ^ .^
Pae«iiit», or Pogniala, aV Titu.'n triumph, SW), »».
Palace at Roino, SitO.
tallan, llefod'n wife, 443.
Palla.,Felix'»bt.illicr. 405.462. ,_.„-,
Palm-tree^, at Jericho, very Ismoa., ««'■*»'•
raniiycbi., tlinconcubiuoiif Arcliclaun. 4W. :
K&«M;i''imb'J!:inaria hv An.igonu,. 300, 4».- ■
PaK de^ribed,25; a pei.«lo-,*nr.dl«,, or garden; .t
PMent"'g^l de-ed, are ndvant.geou. to their clilldren,
I7<l • bow to be honor, d by Ihe law of Mnmn, m.
Par hian" muse.. themH«lVe» of Syria, und endeayor to
little Ant^'eu- in Judea, 424 ; ,b..i,eitped.t ion into Ju-
Xea. 8!I4; they beniege Jeru.alem, ibid; '»i»J '•^» 'V"
eiivanrtlemiilca'.W; iheir|ierhdiou«ncB«,2!t3.485.
P^ve a Je«i.h feiuval, 3'.». T5, 87!.; •h«'"<«»™" «' ' ' '
Sat on, 568; called the fea»i of ""''/"r'""'' ^'"^
ram 527; to 1« kept on the 6>ulteenth day of Ni.an,
S«' 527 v; y numerou. -Vcriflce. then olTered, and van
nurib^r,^ come ul, lo it, :%450; from the ninlb hour to
ihecleycnLb, and not lewkban ten lo^one pujchal lanh,
M2rihe number of P».cl-Il lamb, in^bo du,...f Ceetiua
wa. found to be 85f>,5«0, ibid. ' "v,
Paulina ravished by Muiidu.iJo4.
Paulinu., a tribune, 4!W. c »i„..„,i,iii •JM.
Pauliliu. socceed* I.upu., ai governor of Aloxandtia, SW,
belRonder. and .hUl* up the *:>"1''£ '.»"'""i,fj'lf Ma«..
PauJnMias.«,norCerostc». murder. Phili|skiiig of Mace-
ptce^d IM law, tb, grealert ble.Mng^ 1 W-
Peace, a. a goddem, haa a temple at Ilomc, 588.
Jek'aMlavf PeSah, and rT^\'>'"',-^i fejf'^''
I the king <rf^udoh. 201 ; ho i. ilun by UMhea, ibid.
INDEX.
\
648
■ v-.ii
oflt-
tefVaiiw in
their rhildren,
MWH, ri04>
ml nlldpaTor to
^ilitwik into Ju>
th»^ lake tbe
i,2!»,4a5.
ifi'maiinorof iti ■
fovoned brcadf
h ilay of Nisan,
iTer^d, and yaat
10 ninth bonr to
s pu^chal lainiT,
dayaiifCeatiut
Aloxandrii^, 578;
iun, ibid.
|i, kiiig of Mace-
,300; be^'Aali
oibeaiibid.
rokahiah. King of Uracl, 900.
PH..!. 111. ■■'-
Pcntiiniili, nil. . . ■ L
Pi'iiippcMl, n Ji-wi;ih fi'«liviil, ''>. I'm ; whcnro it hnd thni
nnini'. 4W; vunt mimlxri laimi lo it, ihid ; (In- prai^in
thfii ulUMiiI'd lU" niiipl.' ill lln> iiijihi, J47; iho Jews did
. noi ihtii lnk)i j<"i'ni y». -"^.
riniu, I'liliri'ly huIhIui'iI liy ilii> KomaiiK, IIM, ;ia.>.
Pi'tiruiniii'Kidi-criwitt r«viirnl'ilii Jiw«.aM».
. .IVrjury unpuiwd by *»0K' ih)I diins'TiMip, if d'wi* by m*.
remiiiy, 1117; di>'"d< d l»' J ivliuii iiiiil llm rUlcri, lUI ;
dri'aili'd «l»" by Ih" pt'mili', UIJ. .'
PiT»iiin», lliiir wvi'ii |iriMi'i|i»l linmlu'n, '.Nit; Ihi-ir hm?
Uwiiirhid dniiinj bn .lii |i, il.id;.iliiir law liirt.ad.-
•tra"iii!i!n In *i' tliiir tmw' wive «, '.>■>; wnii ini'n «iro
ihii iBliriinliTKid" ihiir lilwi. ibid; liiiir toyiil riilwu.aKt.
Pi-nlib'ui'i'. (*■!' riil!!lii'. ^
Pi'fiiliu'<t'fri'nJiii, ibcpr'Witnmil,ri'dtireitho*)offnain',.»t"».
Puli 111.. Willi .III •tiiudiuH,.Wl,li«. , I ■" "••i'''"i'i...,...M
PiinuiiiH, Konriior "( kaypi. .II?; ho nupplica lli'ro<;L*'"llio. a Ronmii. .lilt.
Willi rum id liinvcif liimiiii. ibid. riiiM|»:diu», .H.-
th<-m, !kM. tS>; and nf thi> P.>inariliint, XU; ha la «!•
ruw-d tiir 11,'aiid atnt li> KtiiiK'.'lhid.
I>itda«h,»l.
r<lliii> i-ri'.'iid by till' dulilrcii nf Aih, In llii' land nf 81- '
riud. 'i7; pill.ir.Liir ihu ( 'nrinihian nrdcr in Htjumuii'a pa*
liiri', 1711 ; til lli'TiKl'ii li'inpV, .'K«l.
Piwi, Ciivf riL.r Ml' Uiinw', ;iii*i.
I'liliiiliiin, ■J'i, *H, ^llM-.tl.
/*liit'iiluh'N..kiriiii»li«>« wiib JtMopbuii, 13,91 1 hia other aa<
'^ tiimii,4^.'i. inl. »W, an, .'iM.
Pliiffuv, «ir |H.>ijk.}iri>, rii:;iw nmnnr thii NraAlilrn. 1.1H; ik
c(-jiMi:ri t|(M>ii llaviil'N rr|R.ntiinn-, ibid; nnuilirr pi'itllenM
ill Juihii, iii-i.
I'lalu. IMIJ; h<'oirlu'li.'ii tlin pofitafVom hi* rummeiiyitntlthi
IHIIi.
I'lili'iml, kiiirnfrillria. w;i.
l*<iU>nin, liiiitr lif INitilufi, ;i!i.1.
IViliiv (if II"' J<'Wii aOi't thu captivity, 8U.
II I'lMiriNiM*. :W). (j,
Pllr.iiiins, ll'uliliu",) in mid.' pri.|iidi'nt nf Hyriu, ;I74 ; m
will with ail nnnv ni 4i'tii»ul»in by t'iiiii". In kii ii|> bin
•lutiii' in Iho tiinpl.-, ibid, I.V.i; hMi'tidiiivurH in pnniii
. It. iinil III Hiivt' ibi' Ji'W.^. u-illi lilM mill llii-ir wnnili-tlul
di'llviriinni'., ibid ; lii< 'liu'l iisniiinl llio Idinlii;, '.fM. ,^
Pi'lo». ((,'iini'iinili*.) priMdiiiHd' tjyriii, 571 ; hi< rxjiidiv,
tiuii iiilii t'i»nim1"b<»uii. ibid. ,. '
Pbllliiill. Allli]mli'r'< brnlli"^, -.i"^!.
Plinliiu, Diivid'iiMni, irt.
I'linlii, iinui.ri,iii«li, i;i.'i, HI.
Pliiiiiniiiii, Hon iilSaiiiiiil, iiiiiib' hich pfi<'«l, WW.
Phiiraiili, dniiiti'd tiiii lii 'h.- Kjjvptiiiii liin;/mi, 171. .
I'linri«-i'«,n«,..-l uiiinii^' ihi- Jiw»,«tl,:llil,«Hil; lbi;y invy
■ liyh'ii|iii'*i^7lirw'"'*"l'i"*'iil*' •'* li"' t*aildui"i'i'R in lh''ir
prinrtpi.»|liliiil ; iluir i;t.Bl liullnirriy, 'M4; r»|i<cl^dly
in (Ih' ri'isn iif.i|U!'<.ii ,U xiindrii, CTI, 4111 ; whirb limiid
niiiii yi'iiM, ibid ; iln'v r. I'lix' ilio i»l|i« of nlM'^iiimc in
Vivmt and lb'rAil,4tjl: ilii'V nri^fiiw-d fiif it, ibid ; Ih'ir
unwrilli'n iniditHill". -IH, li^l; llieir mixbmlinn iij in-
IliiMin:; puTii»liiin'lil«, lllr (iininnni |kiiji|.i niili- with llioin,
!{7I); ilii'y iiri- inii4i KkillVil in lli"l>iiuwliMlj!oi)f Iho law, 11.
PhurniiiK. min iif Milbrjil»ti'<, i'^l.
PhnimibiH, wiji'iif Aiiii|iaii'r, •Jji.t,4')ll; hi« death. •-'Wi, 4'ij.
Phn«ni'lu», *iii i.f lliTinl, Mil
Ph.'drn, llffod'Hwift', :«43. ■. •
Pholda* :il. f ■
.PhrloH, kinimf-thn Tyrinn"^.')Ps.
Phctdriu, .■VntipiiKT'a «iii lly <.'ypro«, 400; hati-ii Sninmo »
f.hildrin, XK, -lll^; ninki..i«iAI( xaiubT jouhius nf lii» will-
Olaphym, wrth llitiKl hinfiiibi'r. ;i:i3; proynki'a Hinid,
to niipvN ibid. ICH ; lavn ihci lilainc upon Sidunin, ;i;i:i ;
cntorniiitu fricniUliip wlili Aiiii|iatrr, :ii:i; in naifil by
iri-iiid.^ll^; i* ordfri'd In rclito ti) bin td.mrchy. ibid.
PhefoViis'n wifn pny<tli" I'lmi laid nimii ihi; Plmri«'i'», Ml,
«bo nMwii'iatpii with Ihc olhir cn.irt hidii't,'.'4;i. 4i:i; Plic-
rnras'n' Irwdnicn rUtirxu Iut wiih p-iiinp )Hii«on, 31.> ;
ahc throws hcrwif ihiwnktuiriy ibid, 445;hcr conftH«ion,
^l.'S.
Phidoan, Ihn hit-h nrioKt.Sll.
I'hilndilpliu*, (l'^nll•lny,^ bij«kill and indnMry ahinM mo-
clianic aitn.-illH; ho pr<i|»uo» lu-obloina to tho aovonty-Hvo
intorprotoM, 3411; ho pnii-nros iho »'«unty-lwo intirpro-
tirii totrnn«lato Iholiiw, 'Zlf, VKJi, 240. .
Philip, Iloriid'- mm by l'lio|»ilrn, 34:i, tMB, 410: brotbor
of Archoliiuii, 4.'>4; wfmt llorod li-rt him hv IiIh will, :ij| :
what t'iosar envo him, 33H: toirareli of <!aul|inili», and
Triii-hiiirii ifi, and Pnnoas, .151, :I53: hu di.-n, IBM: bin culo-
{!iuni, ibid.
Philip, a (!nliIoan,4fl!>.
Philip, mid "f Jacimun. 343, .5, II, 470. 47l>.
Philip, iimdi- rogeiit of Syria during iho minority of Eu-
pninr, i'ti.
Philip, kins of Pyrin, 274, 27.'>.
Philip, kiii« iif .Mni-odon, i.« »biim 2X1.
Philipninu, Kin iifPlidoiiiv, matiioii Alexandra, tlin daush-
tor of Arisliiliii1u», 0^4 ;'bo in killod by hia fathor, ill. 4-JI.
Philinlinc^. their olii'-f tnwnn, fthia, Acoaron,.or Ekrwi,
Aakolon, Ontli, and .\zotui', or AahdiWI, 117,130.
Philo, chief do|inty nf the Jiw« to Cain.', 374,
Philiiiinphy of iho Jciva conluinod in Iho booJM of thoir
law, 5'lli. ' >
Philontophanua, 273.
Phinoai', i«iiiofnui(ilha»,,Wf>. ', L„ , ° ^
I'liin.-an, son of Eloa/ar, slnvs Ziniri, and Coabi, BP; Inadr
tho Ifiriioliti-a tIgaiiiKt the Midinnitoa, ibid; bin npioch to
tho Jowii Imyond Jordan, 1113; ho in mado high .nricat,
. 1(14; Iho. high priniitbood roturii* to bi« family- I™- .
Pliinoa», Hon of Eli, ll^i? b« u.flidiatoa b» high priost, 110;
ho is Hlain.' ibid. ^^^
Phraatca, kin),' of Iho Partliiana, 303 ; hi« daith, 302.
Phraatacoa, tlin uon of Phraatoa. ibid.
Pbul. orPul, kinRof ABsyria, 200. '\..
■ Phliriin, or Piirim, a Jnwi»h forttivnl, S33. V
Phiit, tile foiiudcr of Libya, 3(1. '• ,
Pilate, (Pontius,) tlio procUralor of judoa, ocMsiona Itt-
malt) among the Jewa, 363 ; caiuei a great slanghtor of
r..iii|i<'V Iho (in ni, cooa thrnii^ih Hyria tii llnniaKCuii, WO,
41;*: iiiid lo Jiru^iilini, '>l, 417; ilio city dolivorod up
In hini. '^I: ho MkoH iho loniplr by (iirco, and kiyi
.. iitiiinitiiiK-o lit' Iho Jo\V(i, -J.-'J, -il*- : tlio Jowx «nnl liim • .
■ liiAiU-A vino, '>0: lit. gi».« inin thii bnly nf hidio.a, *>*i, 41ft
no'ilm-N with iioibin^' in tin- ii'iii)ilo, ibid : bo hoara th«
oiiiiHi. bolw.'oii llyf.-lniiN llllil .\rii*lnblllua, 2l^>.; deter-
niiiioA it in liivor of llyrninii!i, and niakea war upon Ari«-
'tnliulim. ibid : ho IlioM iiiln KpirUN, ^>4.
I*.iiitiu4 Pihiie. rk'o Pilati).
I'nplus, iVI. •
l'i>pp..'a. N'lro'K wifi-. 4. 4011, 4011; a rcliCioui lady and Ik-
v.iri'rnf Ilio Jowii, MW<. .
IViriiin Voiitnrf. . Hi'o 1-'.-mIu«. * .;
'JPi'-.oiit ihiiifji, i|iiooii Ali'xandrn'a earn, mors than fbtui*,- -
•J7rf. - ■ «
l'ro,.*onl'« wilt to Jnnoph in K(ry|rt, 4H.
l'rioi*ii«, iftnaimoil, aro oxoluiloil frnin tho alla^r andtMn^
pb', 77, O',!--: iir'i not In marry wvoral ^urta of wotneli,
77: wusbod jliiir lianiU niiil foot lior.ir.- tiny wont inml-
niKtor. tlH ; aiircood one aiintlior nconrdin;; to thiiir coor-
.Vf.l: ilii'ir tillnvvanooH. 74, ^3'; tlnir curM-n, in num-
-lior twoiMv-lbur. li'^l, jdil; aro vory nitino^ouM, ibid; two
fainilioH IriM i^iirnn'x two rtonn, '117; thoir ninoea anil
einiilnynii'iifli, .V.H'; Ihi-ir uncr-d ijarnu'nti, 70. 5;K; prieati
nun l:,<-vllo« eioniptod from laxo» by Xerioa, 225 ; hav«
pLiri'i. nf ilni i-roatoiit irii^i cniiiniiili d to tliiin, illl-*; laina
lull priosia nf iho |«ijitori(v nf Aarnd might burn iiiionao
at ihoifoinplo. 211)1; nut In ilruik wine in lli..-ir aartoil
tiirniiiilii, 77; prion'liiHal a mark of nobility niMi.ii,i Iha
JowH. 3. . ■ u
I'ricaM amnnB Iho Ef!yi.iiani, only kept their landa in tha
ilayn nf JiiM'pb, Cri.
I'rii^thnntl.' liiL'b, iraiiidated from ono flimny to another,
117; nl'lhiMM, III l)i'lin|iidili,4.'i;), 2711; vacant at Joruna-
b'lM liiivliwir vonr«. 2;i7;' diirinf; lifo. exivplinc under
AnlinoWi< Kpiphaiiot, .Vrimniinttaiiaii'l lli fnd. 304; taki-n
frnni JonoH; and trivoii to. Pininii by llorod, ;lif^ ; iM:t4lcd
liiMni llio family of .Aiirnii nrlirinnlly, 4lfc^.
Priosi, lii:!h, iiiit lo b*- Iho will nf li capliyn woman, 270;
vhuli prioHls woni into tho temple to ollli-iato on Habbalh-
flaya, iio'w-mnonH, and fomiviiln, Xfi; wi-m to marry avir- .
(TMV-aml not to loul-h a iloail body, 77; tin- high prio«l« do-
Hiroikhy Suul In iirnidiov fur liii'ii. liJl; liil'h jirioiiiii, with
Iho pftijibola and Siinb.drini, wirn |n doiormiiio difficult
raiiKCa, Ni,'! mvotalhli'li priomii at iho anniu timu in later
iijoa. 5(V4;"Hii micCoed by liirih,iib3;olooiod by lot nninng' ■
tho neditiouV.jOS; tlioy nliidiiih the roiinlar auccenMOn,
5<H ; llornd, khii; of l^iiiilria, made tho hiuh prionta till
bin doaih, 3!lf; aVrioiinf Iho liipli prioslii fl-om Aaron to
tho domruclinn of\(lio lompio liy Thus, 40H; nnotber
Horii-is, from tho buiUliiii nf Ibe u'miilo m the oiipiivity,
21 1 ; hii-h prion'" rolKi-kopt by the llnmiiip., 3!i7; wlirro
they wore laid np. Ild.'i, A^', SI? ; bi;h prij'sl'i oriia-
inoiits doHCril«id, 70. ,^;>2. .v
Priimnroiiiiuro. it.* privii.";oii mild by Esino, 43.
I'liiniH. (Vntoniiiii,) 517: he niurcho* against Vilellini,. 122
l*ri>rtuM (Tyraniua,) 475.
I'riwus nhiKitii Jnnailiao doad with a (liirt, .M2.
Priiili'KOi i-Tanlod llio JowH by AN nandor lliofirent and
" JuliuK,t.'a-sar, 5115.
Priiblems, or riddlea, pro|inaed by Bammn at hU wedding,
113. .
Pro.-ulu»,(Vilellinf,)3!i4.
I'ropliocios concerning tbe dcatruetion of Jcruasleni, 513,
.V>7. i
PfopUrcioiinf Jeremiah and Ezokiol reconciled, WV.
Wopiioci. » lould not uiT.o in iho evtots, if Iho wOrld
wore j^nvornodiiy cliaiico, 21H.
Propliocv of Chilian accnmptiibod. S.'iP. _ ,.
I'rofilii-iti, iixo..j)iiiiK Ihiiiii I. 1 liiolly foretold ealnmiliea,
21.-'.' how ureuily In bo o<ioonind, 11^7.
PropfioiH, (liiliiii ndos.; Hiilioriifilhy the Jowiah tyr«tiH,&S7.
Pnweiielia., ot hnuaos nf prayer, amoii;? thn.Jowa, 15.
Proslilution nf Ibe lindv. a mom lloinouM crime, bl.
Providence aaat-rted ag'ainat tUe Epiettreana, 2M.
in
.'U
rif'!
644
INDEX.
n»4raM i«l«li«» « •• *>»•»•« th« itawlAf power rf •«
PMltt'y • lyuiii!*! iMlruimnt •iwHig tin Jawi, deitrlb«<l,
r lido (M lkl««) AhMiMhr, Mft <»■ „ ~o .«.
Vi,,,, my,tlM!i>lmliii«ir«li)f»f H«rcidi kiiwdttm.O, »».*»'•
Plvltiny, ihi. hiolW-f ofrUoiKiim, i«;iimiimiI by hor, MO.
rtiiliiny, Ihii biiiiliur nf Niolnui iif UsnMKiu, 34B.
Plolomy Kpiptian.«,M|: •'«<•'"•• *<8-^
Ptolomy Euer)(«t«t|Oi huiwtot.^l.KW-
PlolBmy, lli« wn ot J«inhlicu«. !W, 4«1. ,u|,Ll,.
Plolomy I*thyrM,JTO.4iSi ho u dri.en ont of Kiikin*-
dom m- l.n make, wi .llis.ww with Afciaiidrr, und
break! it a?*- hit b.ild nldiurii calkid Huculiiflluniarhi,
773: dofoauAloiander'aaJmy, Ibid: hl« baibaioui cm-
PuX'r^iOii nf iMgu: fallo'l Bo««'. oh'*'" *ipP' •'^"
»hr<l.,.lhV,f Alcaandor Iho Oroal, SM; ukM /eiuaakm,
and cairi.'. many Jiiwn into E((y»l, ibid. *
PlohMiiy Philttcli lpbii», ih« •.^riuwl kini of EnM of that
laco 1*1 a:i»,51">: hu prucuri'i a trnjmTiiliimiif iho law of
MoMi by Ibo advicii "f DiMwlriui Phal.'f,f»|i.'J:W; •'" n
taat number of Ji'wn fi«), ibid: aiMid. a b Itjif i.> fcb-aiur
tho hi«b ptioil,a37: hin liboral olib»lioiw and jmitoiit.,
PM^my^i-bikHWitcr, 3*i, aw, SW: ho and hi. q";'«n t^lo-
onatra|wrmilOnia.Vbuibl hu tempi.; Onion, !U» . ho
makci an v«|ioditi«n into Syria, 2liO : dmeovorn Abtinn-
dor and Ammuniun't plot ajfailpni bun, aU : lukv" bi»
daughter from Ali-«»ndiir, and ((ivu. her to ftniclrioii,
ihid ■ h« miahl have |iul two cruwmi upon hu hi|ai1, inoi
of Aniri, and lliut of Kxypt, ibid ^ he la wound
Rlch«», frnat rlrhra laid up In D«»Wa iikmiuimiiI, m.
HIddlei, or priiblcnn heiwrnn Bulomon anil Ilirui, 171.
KininHHi and IjN two Mini, IM
Kiphaih, X).
Koal uf Aarun, Kl
Roipnn army diwrib»d, 4*'3, ,. , q«o oua
lliinmti «i'nnl<T'« ilirr.n tn fuwr of lh« '»»»'».'"''• >■«»•
Huaana, llrriMla daui(ht«r by Phatdra, 3«, Hi.
Kubtiun «allua. «I7. .«, "
Run of a iirwIiKiommafnltiida, oW.
Hofui, *W, 4.'>;i. „, , ~i
R'ufu., (an KByiiila..,) takfi Kb-uar pil«)n«r, J™.
Uulot, ('l'iriutiu«,or Turnu.,) laki-a Hinion tho ton of
•Jjorui, KW ; |i"i it loft with an army at Jiruaalem, aftai
it w»» Ukrn, ibid.
gumiih, or H«um«h, Naboi'a rmieubina, 31.
uih Kb^an< in II.«J» fl. Id, 115 ; i. inarrn.d by R««' *■<•
heconioi the mothi r of 01»d. tho father of iatm, ibid.
*>• .,
HalMClan, or Bablncha,'^.
Hiibaa, or ft'lm, ;«» "^
Habailwii.or Hubrah, 31. .^m.m.k
ftibtath day ktiit n'ry .triclly bj ,'•'.•/*""•"' itI* ??. '
bath. aiTordinu to AiUoii, » calb-d from the MyP««"
wordHalK.. 5'.i6; Hobbathday, ■..up.r.litu.uily «Wr_»-
pdliysflw Jow-.lbat ihoy como to nrjat ""•>'"t:''J''!'»;
by, m, 4IHi tln'y are advirtd bv Mnllbiaa fo d.rl.iKl
tfioiu.c'lv.. on tli.'BnW..ithday.!AH: and I* Jonathan,
•OK: allowid 111 riii.1, but not to altaik anieyM'niy i»
that ib...a.^l,377; A'lliorhu^a Jew,W» th.vJ.<w^^
_ __ _^ ^ I wounded, fnd
diei of iii8 wiiwihIi, ibid. 'S^
Ptolemy Pbil.M"ii''r, iMl, 243. " »» ' .- , '^z
Plolemv, cnllid Mrnni'un, 'iTIl. 277. _x ,;-
PtolSmJ; mill of Hf>-n.ou., '277, !*», VB *W: prmco of
Clialcii, '*4 : bo nmtrifi Ab-aandra, ibid. ^^
Pt«lomv,tb« imif-bror of 8,m..n ll>o Mat^cabfO, W. ho
murde'ri John liyrcanuii'ii mother and brother, ai7, 4IJ^
Pioleray-Phyicou; S»0. i»«, »«• ''
pLtrewif'in . auel will. Jon.th.a.,.nd I. killed.
Ssi ■" • '
Pul, or Phul, ki'W of Amyrin, 2OT. ■
Pini-hmopt if Ita wickeJ. a Wful -llih'. '» (f^,,""*; ^?t
Purjih) robea worn by tho Chaldean kinga. 21ft ■ "y 'n"
pin«nki^. iOl: Jo»ph iacJolheaiii purple by Pha-
raoh, 47. ..,,
Pygmalion, king ol Tyre, 585. „.„,-_. ,
pjlhian, or ApoUo'a temiilo. built by Herod. 330.
Q««dratu».(Ummidio.,)nre.idenl of Syria, 4(K.
anaila are numeroua in the Arabian gulf, and fall lipon
thocampof I«rael,ta. . a-i _„» no-
Oueen of Ejjypt and Ethiopia oom.w to king Bplomon, ITl.
ahe retnrns to her own <»unlry, IT^- „ ,,
- Quintiliu. Varofj pre.ident of Syria. See Varui.
Quirinina, or Cyrenius, aent by tnar te lax Syria, «t».
iliMt iiav. ifi-"!,:!^' i Aiiiim-iiu'., It -.-w, ....... r...M -■•■■- --
break llio Snlii-itli ibiv, at Ai.ti.Kh,-'5«Ji.*f>'5j'''" "J
.,,.«l in reading thn law, 3a5; ^••"•"•^■"•l '"£ ^-'tJ*
with tlio«.uiid«f a trnmni^t. saif Jow'V"'!'"*.'' "ij^
day diiiiMl at th.> .i«lli liour. 15; llie *diia.o« kill tM
Ri^nuiiK lui ihv flabbiithdav, 47l ;tiidn«H<" '/",":,•'
on 111.' «ubbalbd.iy, !ilW| pi..|en.M i„l».\ii.lawlulpilb<-r
tn make war or p.'ttco un the SiiLballidoy, Mi , no» ol-
low«4 by •oine, e»iii in cnim of lu'cemity, to taluinrroa
eitlMir on tho Poblwthduy, or the evehing before, W.
BttblMtin rivor, 3<i7.
Snbbiiua, i!5!l. , . „ j -ma
Sabbion diacoveri Aleiander'n Actien to "''•«". •»*•
Bubec, or Hhobnrh, eaplain of tho Byriiinn, 147.
Subiniu, ffmft »t.w«rd in Juilen, 3o.«, Ui; ho aceiiaei
Arclulnun bv i.itlcn, 3511; faU« heavy o|«>ii the Jowi, 3.i4.
Biibinuii, ono of tlio inutdereri of Caiui, J/.I2; he killi liim-
BTbii'iii*' tile brother of Voaiiaiiian takca the capitol. 528 :
ia kilk'd by Viie4liu», ibid. , uo
BabiDuii, by birth a Syrian, a man of greal^ »alor, a4f .
Babinun, (Diiniilinn,)biio of the tnbunca, oJO.
Babub, or Itebntbeii, 31.
Babtecha, nr Babarlaa, 31. , , , ,. , .t„ <i„k
Saeriftm of Aliel wa, milk, and th« ^<l'n«» <>' ' . ?^;;
3fi: aacrilicoa were either privatellr public. 74, eiUier
all or pert «nlv burnt, ibid ; how the formiit were ofT^-
cd, ibid; bow the latter, ibidi hmy •'" "f"'"/" ""'"f;
fered, ibW ; tho*. of aWine forbidden, iM7.; of tb<«.- thai
were for ...oyering lH-">'MiLT''.".",.:'':r:r±'':!r
Eabaacea, (Themaaiuii,) 2il. "nm i,-.
Bobaarin, • rommapdor of tho Aii«vri»i» army, SIB. hi«
apeeeh to tho people of Jerimakm, SW. ..'
Robahakeh. capiain of tho Aiayrian army, XO.
Rachel, Lahan's dounhter, 40; iho atcala away, and con-
ceal! her futher'n iddls. ibid.
Rogau, or Reu, !on lif I'hnlog, 31. ,
Raimna, or Raamab, 31. „. , . j . . «« „.
Raiucl, Mo«?.'. futberinlaw, 65: hu advice to Motet
fcr tho government of tho brachtea, lie.
Rahab, an inn keeper, at Jericho, 118: her life wivCd, 90.
Rainbow, 3D. ' „. '
Rame!!c»,liini? of Egypt. 584. .
Rathoti!, kins of Egypt, 5H4- ^^
Ralhumui, the hiBtoiiographer, «*• , .. , ... .„-,
Rationale, or brea«tplate of judgment of tho high prioat,
Raven sent out of the ark, 28.
Reba, kingof the Midianitea.M.
ReteMardaugbter of «.-thucl,31: dcmamlod for a wife
toI«aa*, 37?»he beora twin«,ibia: iropoaea upon her
1)a«band,38. ^
Rcchab, Hon of Rimmon, 142.
Record! of Ihe Tyriana, 584,
S^KIlMuSl Smon. 175: ho give, the p»pIo .
iou2han.wer/lbid: ten irib«! revolt from him, ihid. ho
b^ld, and fortifie. .everal tiwiis. )77 :, be ha, eighteen
wive, and tbit'ty conuubiiieii, ibid: he die», liH. , ■
Remoliah, 200. , , , * ,,
Repsntanoe cannot revoke pa»t criine., 45.
Ron7 or RapaM, the aoo of Phnlcg, <« Peleg, 31
RevMuoi of''co5myria. Ehienicia, Jiidet, and Samaria, ,
amounlod 10 fOOO talent., 243.
Reiih, king of Syria, 201.
Renin, Solomon', enemy, 174, |
— Rh o d oa , r e li e v a d by Hernd . TK-
ir reeoverini; in-uiiii, it. -.."" " :■ .; ...
ro'leaJM^oiriho JuwiJfli .acri«ce.,54«; daily .aerineo*.
aJ4,3l9;%arrifire. .vtry day for Ca-mr'. pr<i»I«-rily.
4.W, 5>.I7; omi..ion tli.-reof tho beginning of the Jewish
mi 470; offering, of foreigner. M.ually received by the
Jew., ibid; the same pft.hibited by the --ditioo., ibid;
what part, of .aerifire were due to the prie.t., Kl, nont
but Jew. to overbiok tho Mcritlce. in the Umph), 400.
aacrifico. not to b.' ta.led li" the oblation « over, 245 ,
not to b.* bought by tho hire of a harlot or Ibo once of
a dog, »1 ; meat orferins. .j-iimil to bloody .aerifice., 74 ,
m,l lobe «bu«'d to Iniury. im; ougbt to be entire and
without blemi»h, 77; nf what were burnt "fl;''W' «.
animal, not otfered till the eighth day after their birth,
75; wimi and oil re«rvcd for aacrificif. con.umed byth»
Acditiou., 545. ^ .
Sadduc, a Pbariwo, atir. up a wditioii. Ml. . „
Sadducee. deny lole, 2«4 ; are contrary to the "l"'*^*
370; ob«rve only prec'pt. of the written law, 271; then
opinion., .•»!, 458; have the rich ine^n ^^ 'b""" im na
SaSoc. or Zaiok, high pr4o.t, 142, 146, 153, 156, IfiO, lb3,
211.
Sadrach, or Bhadrach, 211
Sadrace., 224. i: . iiu
Sajie., or wiMi men among th« """'.''J"; !"*v .. . ~»
Balampiio. daughter of Herod, marrieil to Phaiwsliii. WW
Salathiel, Zorubabel'ii father, ass. ^
I Balati^ king of Egypt, 583. . •
MnSSl^r Zalmana. captain of the MidUnite., 110. Jv
SamanSRr^or Shnlmaneior, king of A..yria, 202 ; tot^
vE^a™' Phanicia, 203; carriea the ten tribei.
nway iiltrt Media and Per.ia, ibid. ^ .„ ooi aon.
mJc, Ami,«ter-. daughter, HerodV .irter, »4, ^.
charge, her husband J.«..ph «"•• .■"'"""^ "S-^
«„d5s biUof divorce to her «cond hD.bandCo.l*ar«K
314: cnvic. Herod'. mf>' and their %iiyoa, 324, »», ahe
clear. herwlf, ibid; Herod force, he*. to bo married w
Ateiw. ♦«;■''« <^i«»Yor. to Herod. the.«».p.ney of
./'■
INDP.X:
m
*
llM Wllf. .lit . »lm < .l«4.r «U»" lui .IW.
>*ili.iim, llit.«t«>lngsiii.i In- Kl,>'«, :<t.t.o
AilmPH, i(ri.ii.l1l.iuBli..f ..I |lr...lil.. tJt'«l, iiii"! ilsush
I. f Mill, rml l'l.iH|.. I.V II. r.- .1'. ,Ti.:; .Ii- !• miK'" <l i"
Philiii lilt) loitinh, « Ml nii.tw.ica «• ,\ii«iipl<i lu>. il»'
jifiUMl»on !)<' II' rml. HHilhri lii-t ><< Akri|ii«. m-iimc. Hi*,
ftili. • .«rii iiiKiii ilii' riiiiw 111 il ■Miih'hi li lnWn. III.
aUi'iKt. tinl cruwn-iu», r.|«iiiid lu iho Jsnn b) U'lnt
1 1 lui, ltV>. ■
'. f>iinti'llii( At»'ninflK'» dautthl'T, WH. .
t«»tiiinulliu 4 'J. 4\a. . " . . J Li I.
e^intria.buili. IHI ; whpnfr In naiti'i urn" 'I'Tivi'd ifi"l, n
in br.i.'tiil bv IhV HjrUiiiii. niiil wi^nb Molly T' In 1. I
I It; ■ iii.iihi'r lliiTi mi* hi r .iwn w)m in u I'liimuf, II;
in Ik .i.uiil •;;iliii'liv ltvri»iiuii. niifli c< I'uriiiiif. I» Uko u
nuiUivIrd Willi Ihi-iifui.il. •*''<i«i<l. 4I.T _
iSKilliirlliiiiii. a rjih.ny fliiiivCUIha In l'> HIU.'JUI. MH; p"'
I.I'd il 111 !»• ihii iPiKiiTi- y .if J.i.iph,'£'.V, «. ini'iiKu n ilcuv.
111..I KiiniMiiiiK pr il'iM ihiiiu" lvi« Ji'W», WX'i'i.'Uj;
«h"y ll«ra«« the Jim« uiiinr Onia* ilif liiali priiii. •i4.\ :
pfiifiiiriu Im Si'liihiiiiiii. ■»'; ihiir iiniiid U|»in Mnuirt
Uirijjini. '£ii; il"* imlluii' iIh- unipk hI' Jini-iil- m.
Mi ilii'v an' ►iwmn « lu iW h»:-t». Wi: iln-yiln
pull- wii bib' Jrwii ill Pivjii aboul ihi'ir iriii|ilii.vU.'; Ibi'y
iiav Aiitiiwbua Ihn liili^ ol'a ^iiil, 'it7,
Bjliibibaa, at. . .
8<um.'a», P.illio'. di<rt|.lc. 3-7, MW, MO; •pooch ajiliwl
llir.id.'i-" ; 111' i< h iri(l by llerud. ibid. ^
fhin!;»r,4ir 8i'iiir|tar..'jll.
*«mp»lfiir*n)u*, kii.jj 111' Kmria. 3U7.. _
SammiH binh, 11.': In- nurrjiiia wnmnniif tbr PhilK-
liiiei. Ibid; » ill. a limi. ihiiiT (».i|«*» a ndilli- ai hi»
winldiui', ihid; bur.ji Hu l*«ICnl«i'ii' rurii. ilml; I"' i» d'-
livird ii|i 10 ibi' l'liiliii!iMt«,.lll;bi'iil:ivf ili'ni »,|.b ilip
iaw-boiM* III* It' aiHi Uiiii , In rarrii-< lb'' Laii'* < I' IJ«/4iC
away uihui bis Hli.iulil.irf. ibid ; bi I'all" in li'vi' wifh I'"-
liiub. iliid ; iif to lii'iniv 'd bv bi r, In- 1" biiuiid, and bi«
uypi put inii. ibid; h' pull- a hnun'' il.wn uii.iuibi' rin-
III iin'i, ai'd iil.ua alhivn ibnt ibi.nniind nf iliini. III.
l!aniu"ii» burn and rnnn'i'ratpil |" tJod, 11 ; O.id ralli" |ti
him, ibidl hi' i-iwiium ihc 1'liili.iiiin'". I)'; hi
provo viry bud Judifru, ibid; Ini in nlT iiii'd at ibi' inn-
. pli'-a diniandina a kint', I'll): hn iill« lb-- p.'..pl" .thi-
manairi iil'a kinji, 11'.', lil; ibr. niini' *iul wiib ili" l">»
of bi* kiiiLtdom, I*.; uiu.ini" l».iviil i«Ik. kini-. \il , he
dii^a, I.U ; !• mlM'd out ul' Iliik'H, and rurriilU e-uul'ii
ditih, IM. , j„, . ■
Sanubunmr. (;i/»ethofini| proaiduntofSyria »iJd Plnwiicia,
.*H.
R.nbullar, 513.
Siiiiuim miinlorudt. nr hrtly orhiilioi'. Wh ■
SanbrdTim ai .1 ru-i|l"in, « ; none ciiuld b« pui to ilcnih
bul by ilii' Siin'biiltini, 2f7.
BupiniuH, 3 15.
.Hajipli'.ta. 8,.e Zinporah. , . . , ,
Baiai, or Sarah, Abraliam'a wife; aha roea with him into
t'l^ypl, X!; lli« king ralla in luvu with her, ibid; tivr
death, 36,
Baramalla, 2"5. 40S. ^ , .. , / ,...
Barawar, «on ufHi'nnarhorib, 2115; nlfw hia rathf r, ibid.
- ftardiam, ihrir itcrri'i' in favor nf ibe Jt'wa, Sl'l.
San «■, or S"rai«b, hirb prieii, 911.
Barrpia, See Zarcpbatb.
SarDiHiiaiii invade My«ia, 5fi7. -~. «.»
Baiurninu^Sansiuii,) prciidtnt of Syria, 339, 310, 342; ,
3<4, n4ii,H5. I
Saibrabuzani.a. SI .233.
Saul, noil iif RiKh, 120; nefki hi« fatber'a aaw", aid roirn-a
to SainUei, ibid ; di"" wiib Saniuil. uiiif^cvfnlyuthiTa,
ib''l: Bamui'l aniiintii bim for kin;', ibidT.bo '• ad^iollv
■nari" kin«, ISI ; he pruminea 10 aiwiii thi' CJil.'Bdiii'*, ih.ji
, ia inaururalcd aRain, l'>2; euniiurra Ihi^ Phili'tii'Si, 124 1[
■' hia wars and lamlly, ibid ; he makea war iin llm Ama[
lekitea 125; aparea A);ac ieainM God'« riimrnand. ibidi
for whii^h BamUfl rnrpitilla him llie Iom nf bin kingdom.
136; hif rriii-l ord»r for murdi-ring Ahimolech and ihn
prieaia, 133; bein;; forsaken of Ood, he coi-.tulta wttba
ni!cn:iiiinlic woman, i:iiV; hia dimtb, !3!l.
Bnului. »rlni!leailer ofthi- Ri>bb'Ts,407.
auuiua ;T"«ideni of Svria, 417, 41!U he returoi Into Sy-
ria, VT**; hit raiim The siege of Jeruialem, ibid; hia tape-
dition into Arabla,'2H2. ^^ , . .
Ccopaii, i^neral of Ptoli'my'a army, defeated by Antioehui
tlwRreat,343. ^ ^ , ^ ^ , .^
8i>i>. the aewnty inierpretera waih theirlmnda in Iha aea
before they be^in their trdnalation, iMO.
Baa, divided for the laracli'i-a. 10,
Sebaa, or Sheba. the aon nf ilua. U7.
0KRtaoriheJein.3.963.361.tiS, - . {
BeenndHB. Emiliua, 476. _ ■
Biditinn amonir the prieata. 401; aedl'lflii of Corah and ,
bl* followara, fO, M, PS. of the iKraolimt, 7»: la quelled 1
by Joahna, ibid ; aedition at Cfutni batwean tb« Jawa ,
and Byi lam, 40S,
■ejanui pot to death 3TO.
— ^ — Ba laa ii , in e wribe , 1 4 H
••. Liiii, inrfiiofi'iiin. "bfiwi""'.!" <H"li<o|iiiiia 0T7
1^1 u'u> |ii>'<i*- • Oiiiii aO r ilii'il' ii'i it 'M< « Kriha
tlriai. tiA. b . 1- i<-ll il Nira nt. ,l)u' niniiui iiiM'JII
. Iii«.|k unit lii.Wllf'l lln Ji-wa, ib.il.
Hi I III uv. IV'ii't ur P! ilu|«ii'r,wi.iif AnliiirbiiaibnO'-rai;
•Jli.
Mil' urv>.niniil'A'ilii«'bu«llry|'ua,V;4; bi> ilaaih. ilitl.
t* liiini, 'If H'liilUim, ',110.
t«. II'. I • H iiiii. ■< ". bi» imaieriiy, 31.
8 lii'Viir .'f Haniiiaj. •il-
H III. h.i'.. ibi. .iril,,.,'.*,U
H mi'ii I'lni, (I'aiua.) Min <if f'alua, 3lill-
H.".ul.ac,;W \..
H nnai In lib. niakM war iiii llrnliiab. 211.1; liia ili-aih. SM.
HoiniH 'i"lliini""« ibirif I'mi.i riiint' il"' J"w«. -i'li. tiny
ri'iii'w ilii 11 lia:.U"' Kiib ilii- Ji w«, '>i., iimiilur Icrtea
iif iliiirm^.iiii'iiiiiij ibi' .1' w.«, 2X1'
C ppii'Ti" I'Uliil. ^'I?; lal'inli) Ji* I'l.ut, I'.'.
<k raikli. hi.li prir'iil,',!ll.
K'l' Iiau4. '.V«.
K'niii, III i.r ml iifiln- array of rilii»w'«-9l'.'.
H, r|n'iii il pnnd IhiUi uf aiien h.aiiil I'l'i'i. 2i>.
Si'ruf, 111 *'
», rvilju* vfuliliun.) bif li'tior III the ,Mi!«inn« ijj l»»oi
nf ihi- Ji'w.. '.Ml. ' .'i-.
Hi'iior. 9ei.yin-lMik; ! i ,
d'lb, mill i.f Ailnni, '.T ; liia poiicrityt pillart in tba land
I'f Hiriiiil, ibid ^■
l»<'ibii«,.kint'iif Krvp'' * "
S.-iliii-|.. iir BcjtKiii". kii F if Hi'viil, .'W.
A v> niy'r<»ii iii'i'iili'ii r- mni l:i KIriiziir tbr hl:'h mint,
»iib ibi. bf..ik« iifilii law •;»■ ; lb. It adHkl ai Airman
drl!i.''j:il»; Ihf) brills wii'i ''"'" lb.' I.iw uriiiin ii|iin
pHfrbmrnl m c'lilibn litli'i'. il"! , ibi'\ w.i-h in ihi ura
bifori' ilifv fall 111 ilnir tt.ili. 2111, lb. y linnl» Ibeir
It.linbili.in in «V' lilY-lWi' l.l'l>". ll"il- .
;» iiui CaiiM. priKidint of Bytia,*:, 421 ; ha ia ilainby
t'l I'lliiii. Pniiius. 4,fc2.
Sl.iii'rci b. -Jill
:'l.nllum.-3»i. . ,, . . . ..-
H'liiinior iH'O'if Ara'b, iiirreoda thud aajudje. Iln
s>li;i|.'iiri ibo iicribf, 2117.
t<lii'i.u. IM, ,. , . .
Sin'ilim. Mil' I'lari of Jiikbuifahabiiailmi. HW,
i^liiilii ii'« n I Abnanlir tbi' (ir-ai. '£.,'1; iheit kia-
iln it Willi iliis'n I, .Vi.inV niibir-inlaw. 125
5>lii kil. a loi'i Hjuul In fiiLr .Ariic drarbiiia', 7?.
S.nin. '."'; M- jKw-'.riii.'ai .
Wn iniln'r. kincofZi'lk.iin. 32. '
I bl n.v rcl till' litWye in war. I.'l. —,,
Hln lil,ainki'iiol'li'HSUi'l»'i\vi'fiiilii .b'»«np;dRiini»n«,fJ8S
Sli lull, a lown wlnri- ibr lal" r"»i li' >v»» linU. |1I2.
{ininni. ..)" "V (icra, lurw-ii David. I.M, IS4, 11.2; put t«
ib'ii b l>\ Solomnn. Il.:i. . ,1,
Wiip. a. Ill 10 Pi.uiuf and Tbrafe under Abatliflt, 10001
Abab, l'^■'.
Pbii.lmk, or Pinac, kinir Of Eeyp'. I4S, 171, SKO.
ttbubaib. rantain of ilii- Hvriuna, 1(7.
Bilibfliai, liii lliiiili'. 157. , . .w. • ■.
Birafii, or haiidiiii, fli'e 10 Aletandria, 577 ; eanoot b«v
forcpd 10 own CVkar for ibi ir lord, 577.
t^ii'on. 31. . ^ , ,- ^._
Si n« apiK-arinj bi'fore the doairunion ofjeiuiawiii, 557
Bihon, kill)! of the Ami.riii'a, ronquvrcd, H4.
Silaiiur. pri'niili'iii o.'t?yriu, '1*3.
SiiOK, p.iTiifin'r of Tibfrir", 7, 15,
Silim, ivrant of I.vfia*, 2.'U. , , .., j
Bilai'. an aijei'dam in kinlr A(irlpp« wnior. In Ma adrer. .
Hill 1.. :I7I. 314; he bi n.rota iruubl avna to Iba ain(,
iliid.'b'. i1.kiH.1l, :«5.
Silni, n Uiibvbiiiinn. 474, 4f 1-
Sil.., lb" R..niBnrapiuin,3 7,3^P, .„ . . , .
«ilvn, ,^laiiu«.) covcrnor of Jodea, 57»: ha baaMga*
Manadn, ST3, 574.
Silver of litllr valno in the dayi of Bolomon, 17:1.
Pimi'tin. uni'of Jiiri.b'f iion»bv U'u, 40. j „u
Simiiii,a.mof B<.ft|noi,made hiph prii'il . 3IR : hit danf h-
ter married 10 llA.'il. itii'l ; ha ia deprived. 315.
Simon, ion of ("aihlin. 50.'. ... <»* niv'' ■
Simon ihfl Junt, El.'arnr'a brother, hirb prieat, 83T. OO
Pioain, nonofOnlaaibf hlfih prie.t, diea. *».
Simon, ihe K«i«.pe, a prophet. 31.0. . - ^ ,.
Simon, Kin of Oil rn, 474, 517; fipbta wuh tha ZeaIol».'-
51..<; ron'.ncrii Idnmia, ibid; ia made a iiriioiier,andre-
aervd for the wiuinpli, 5li4 ; i« put to death at lh« ttl-
eS^h!iitheril|»Ja. and Jonat bail tha "•"•fc^J
Jew.. 235 ; he jnake. a .peeeh to 'l-i'-^**,','' ""*
thi-ir priiife. Ibid; ii made biirh prleit, SeU. 413 . la kill
ed by Piulrmv. bl« eon iir-Uw, 387.
Stiiion, ann nf-roal'l»u», 2«B. , mm
Billion, rapti' In of tta Idiimeaniat JamatklD.SO*
Plmon, a llft-rtiard inan u> Joacphsa, 9.
Blmori, a ni«Rl'"lan, 40?. ". k_a«
Blmon.of J«ruaal»ni,i>«rfua(le«th«p«»»l« to MtM*
A grlppn otit nf tha H inpit, aitt.
• Tl r
oto
INDEX.
iiiiionli rH^'IM*. »l
tlliuuti, « •liivd of MuriiJ, inuinM tM etown,3jQ.
■<ll|U»lrKIIIOt*lul. (VJ.
Hiuoiilil'* A«rl|.ti.i. JutH'"""'* •*•>• '■'••
Hliilut, lh» AiniiioiiKii. U;i.
riixfr* opii'Mw* ><<« I'rauiUn, lUUi u kllliia by }»» ,
Hnlnii(M.«9^;fO»«irrorByrlii»iidPlHiinlcl». IbW.'jal.
ril.iunmer, Die utanirat tliul ever wa< In our li»lil«.
OuitnniUoaiiidihutr •MorlutMi, conquordd by lh» \t-
0o<l»iiiiii<a to wlckrit, that llMy tr* bunil wllli IVr«
from heHveii, ;n ... .„,
ttoiimn;kintT.IHntM,Mri-t»iihtib>oU>nAti%u;i<»,
•(olifiiim. Itimrt", V:i«. .... .
, «ii.<iimnori'0'im.3l»; tHMriyi Herod « wf rut orJnf
for kiHInt MariauuK, Hild; !• put to ilealli hy IkriiU,
313
■olo'ioont irn of D»r(d, proftilned, 143; Horii, HH;
iiioinletf (.Id prurlaliimd kliui. lOU; eiiolntrd aiid ixu
tldnMid laerondirme, ShmMrrlua Punruoli adnujii
i«r, 1C3; lotiTlolnM Ilie citao of two iiiirlon. 111 I; Ma
power, ((rniHleur, ni'id wiit'luiii. Ibhl, (kr.; I f b<«(l<n liu
wri.te, ilild; Inn li-tli'r lu llimrii. Kiiij of Tyre, ili.ii l.«
bulldathe (.'iMpli., IIW, m:, lli»<; hla aildrq«4<-a M 'Juil
■nd ihii iwiiiili' iirt«' li wa iniili. lilli; liu <iir<T< nl.uii-
dance of •iirtlftiea, ll>ld;.liu luiilil' iilmMslI ii wyiil pul
■te, 170, fcc; «((!vn» tlji- iwuliliiiiiii pro|io«'d liy lie
kiiil of Ty,re, 171; KInaaavJ .•'otciiiion ruuld ml M'vu
Iheui all. ilild; l« I'orUllcs joriin..lt:Hi. ami liiilldn •■ v
eral toiyriii. iiikf; liiva ii lin i)ii tin' ri'iiiiilniHiiCuniiUPi
Ilea, rid Ilia oiil u ViCil, ilnd; lih (irvm r la, 17:ii liia
IwiiiodcrHiff lovt! nf wAineii, 171; hladeiilli, I7J.
flolyiiiR.ur riuiRiii, ilie old iiiiiiM of Ji^ruaalein, 113.
ttophoiiluK, or Zi'pliuiiiiih, li.e priual, Sll.
Boalliua of Turmnuiii. v!;iO. „..,„. .
Soalua, tt Uouiiiii ni,iliiln in Jiirten, nflfl, 301; J«iiii« n I'li
. Herod imnliiat AuUll"""". •"'"•■•-'':•'• '••'"'^ \iii au-
nua prlaiiiii'r, and .nrrlca hint lo AutLliny, ;«)l, i::u.
Soufa of llcruca, bIhIii In war, anpiKweil lo bo pljcfld
nfiionK tt>Q atnrx, ,'il7.
Hjieecli of llcr'iil lo nia nrinv, SO''. :'0»; to tlio iiCople,
■Ml. Biiterli of Mo<i)ii III t'orali and tlui pcopk', bl; lo
o thn piiopie licfr>rii iiwdci(lii.97.
t«pio«aoiitbyMii«c.<lo vievvtlio land of «."jiniiftn, ,8;
by Joaliim to JuricUo.flH; tUcy lirhiij bark li luillidil
• ' nrrouni, UP. . . - -" ,
H|iOlla of iKirliarlons reponlied in llnrod a li-inpln, .182
. Hpoila in war to tw equiiliy divldml Iwlwl-t'ii tl.oao
tiint Aglil and lliuM that ijuard tliu laveagv, Kit).
. HiecliiM, ;i*l.
Siephanua, Cwaar'a atrvaiil, AK.
aterllliy of llie country ta line of tli* punUnniienM for'
' Ihe kinit'a doinu^ll, M5. , ^ -
Wralto tyraniuzca over llcrCB. ;j7j.
aiihji'cia follow llip iimnii«r« of iliiir prinrea, 1/7,
SudiOLer, or Hliumcbt'r. kln;( of '/bI ol«(, ;i'i.
Bupplicanta injyrm used lo coma wiilialiullcr abotit
tlieir lieada, Ibj. ,
8ur, or Zur, kliiir bf tliQ Mldiattilci", P8.
8ylla;ttciiptainofkli|a Aefipim^ lift- liua'da. 20. ^
Syileua^ ail Arabian, llrat iiiiniatcr lo kine Olmlna, 333,
4:i8, 441; lie (io«!a to Ilonir, :<: •)'; arcuite* llernd lieforo
AuauDtUB, il>id: deinniidii .Saloiiiu In niurrianK. 33:1; la
■ reAiaed Imrauao be would uoi turn Jkw, iliid; ia cbar-
ycd with auveral murdcra, ;'37, 444; la accuai;d Iwfore
AuKUatua by NIcolaua of Uaiudacua, 3i8; received
iicnt«iice of death. :I3U.
, . dyincon. the iwn of Ruinaliel, S03.
Syrian roininodiliej, 44.
■ ■ Syrlana' hatrcdiothe Jewa. 41.%. v
Syrian king of Mceopotainia, 140.
^ T«h«rnBcle buUl, 08; Ita deKrIption, ibid; iti puriflcu'
- Tabe'rnarlpa, fcaal of, a great feai|»al of the Jewa, 168,
i' :104; celebrated in war by tlic leave of kliiR A iifioi'hua,
, vWi8; celebrated for fourteen daya upon the dedication
^ %f Bolomon'a temple. 161): Jewa then earry liougba
with fruit, wJicreiiy Alexander' tbe liliih pricat wa*
nelted, 274; Jewa tiien flied tabernaclea in the temple,
5&7;il i« celebrated After the Babylonian captivity,
fjt3,S!!6.
Table (of ahow bread) galdea,~iQada by Ptolemy, SSB;
with nlarupaatul vlalB.l!3l).
■ Table, fietphlc. till. '• ..v.,
- Table 111 tbe court of the piieati, .89,, . - ,
Taclai«,31.
Tanuir, Abaaloni'a dauKhlcr, ianrri«d
153.
I'MOiar, Duvid'a ihmj;Iiter, 143, 149.
TauKanaaj2?4,
Tartan, ■4nptaih of the Aaayrlnna,
4 -
T«ni^« built iipdivRailMliii. t3.i, IMO; Ilk* M
Jaruknlrui.-'.'l.
TKHipid ' mil liy Herod naur Panama, In hoiioui
■iialuii. yi»
\¥ ■■■.
»tur«i a ltn i o f gr e at J o y o r
R4l.oboaS9
LUll,
rruiiili! of I'l* goldin rair, 409.
fVniplca in Knypl, nianv a id dlfireni, tU9.
Tenipfeaof I II (■anunndaa wire lo Ic deininialied.
'I'aniplta of fiiiuMn nntiuiia iiol to liO yMiidi'ied, il
Ifii'ir diiiiiiiloiia tiiken iiway, Wl.
Teniiile of lli'rrnleaand Aaiartr. nl Tyre,'l71.
Teinpluuf.Ui'iuiM and Ilia (irai'iaat Adieiia, liW.
IViiipIc III' lliihiii, irt Bnbylon, ll{jr:
TiiMipli! luillt by llerod al Haiuaila, 31)1,
'I'eniplu (tieiuira) at J,.ruaa,l<iiii diariihed, 381.
Temple Onion ii\ lOirypi, l<uiit like that al Jeruaalaiit,
'.'W, «.lft. HJI. , ' -
I ejnp'u uf DIaniiat Eiymala, 9.Vi: of Dauon al Aalidod.
or Azutiin, .'lUi; uf Ai><>llu nt (laxn, ii74.
Tenip'i^ of Ji-iuanlliMi, reliuilt \ty ZiifObabal, 919, 4V3,
4UH; the JeA'ii lihidirrd In building il, ItyU, i'i'^ <l e) no
on by order of Onnua, Vii: It ia flnialed In aevxii ,
yeara,l.>'il, uliiy i^uliiia lower Almn Huionion'a leuiplr, I
:K!;.Mi ia jiluiidered '>y \niiorhiia epipliiiiipa, Vhi, ii4;; \
taken hy I'liniiHy, and ita uiu«t holy nliiie.aeen by
h'ni, liijl wituont detriment llieri.tu, i'-'i. 4IB; new
I nl.t I y Mcnicl, :i-.'M: ' unit hy I'ltua, iiJ; 'I'll a K0*»
liiio li.e liiiMi i.o'y pliire, Iblif.
'reniplc of fi)'iiiiiu I ileaffliM-d. IIMi: dudlrnlifd bV Holo-
iniiir. 'i;^; liireMiera rmi'd go hut Jo a rertiiMi p.iriKlon
wrill In lleriid'a leniple, :*«'; women ejrludcd Hie iwO'
Inner ' uiiria.Wnil; <M>«'< t" H.ni.Lrllaiia and Other na-
lluna fur pinyef, 'i-l?: Oivd'a .irinonry In ihi' leniple.
Ilk); lai oiil 111 ir.e iniiji'u Iteni'Mro riuiiiled by lleiiie
irlna, '.'.'id; ll:i'<ivra priini'iM'y ol Aniuwbua'a profan
atlohol' tlie icuip u. flillllh'd '.'jU.
Tephelna of (;4ir«i», Jli.
Tjireh, Aiir;ilam'al'n|ii«r, 31.
Tereblnii .or tnr|wiitlnetr*e, n«iif Ilohron, anpjioaed
aa old nail world, .ilH,
Teroiiliua, or Turnua Riifua. Ml.
TerMli,W«.
TiThlulea.or TIrblnlea, king of Armenlri, 400, .179..
Tnro, ail old noblier, IMO, Wi; rltarued Willi treaaon by ■
Trypbii. Ileroil'a bnrliiir, 44'.?.
Telhiiiiiiiia. or 'I'hiinioBia, kin;i of Egypt, SKI, 300.
Tlinuiniiiiiiiii, 370
Tlieiilrea la-i led iXJeruanleiH by IKrod, 319, 434; al
(.•leaa-.-./, 3m. / ■
Thetl, how pniilalied by the law of HoMa,'3a
■Illinniiann,'J(il. ' '
Theoilonia. aon Of Zeno, 274, 4lS.
TnentliMhiM, *J.>0.
T>.eophllua,1ioiiuf Aiianua,deprivedor th* lilgh prieit
hood, 'llll. , ,
Tlicupbilua,.l'rolliBr of Jonathan., made Mgh prli>at,J67
Therinua, it Itoiiinn ainbin'Badiir, 5!Hk
Tlieunusa, l'hraaia<eB'«conculiiue,nndtlien wife, 36a.
ThcndHa, nn linp"iiio',.4Ul.
Theudinn, lirotl.vr gf Dorh, Antlpater'amotlier, 313.
TliobiMiy, aciii ol yohcniii.', 2i'4.
Tilenua Aleinliilcr, procu'oiorof Jildea. 401.
TIberiua .Alexander, gftvuniorpf Aleinndrbi. 473, 395:
he brlngH Kgypi over lo Veapiiaian, .VJI.
Til-erlur the eniperOr, 63, 4.W; hia dilatory pro^-fed
liiga, :<69; hla akiil in axi'rology, 371; bla pr<>||iioatlc of
a aucreaaor, 372; hia death. Ibid.
Tlhnl, IHI. .
,Tldal,32. . •
Tlglathplleaer, Wng of Aaayrla. 201.
TiiraneVkinmof .Armenia, 9r, PUT, 308, 4 •«.
Tinranea, aon of Aleinnder and Glapliyra, 449,
Tiniaua, kini of Egypt, 583.
Tiinidliia, r'Bl.
Tiniina, a Cvpriot, 267. . . ^ .;,■..
TiiiintlieuB. •-•SI, 'AVi; lie la put to flight by Judai, Ibid.
Tiridiitea kiim of Armenia, 400.
Tithea and fltatfruita given to the Levltca, 83; tlieir
lithea or ten»li piirta given to the prieeta. Ibid: tbia lau
rcaioredl.y Hezektah,'JOa, ,
Tilufl, prealdent of Syria, 33S. .,
Titua Cnaar, eon of Vrapaalan, aeni to Ateiandria;,
481; be bringaa great number of troopf 10 Veapnaia'D.
483; bia piety townrda bla father, 489; be and VeB|i«
•Ian take Jotapata, 4!)3; bia mildneae to Joaephua 4M
he ia acnl agnlnat Tnrichw, 4'.I6; bia valor In thlaMM
dillon, ibid; hla ipeech to tie aoldiera, ihid: he laM
Tarichee, 498: ii« la aent to Rome, with king Agrlp-
Sa, to compliment Galba, 517; the order of hla army,
95; he arrive* at Jeruaalem, and Ik ex|)oaed to (taat
■ danger, 596; hia great valor, ibid, 527; hia great ton-
cernto aaive Jerusalem, 576; and the leniple, 549; ha
•peech to hia aoldlera, 547: bla apeochea to the Jewlah
tyrants, 558; he BBcfibea the conqiiCBt of the city to
Cod, .562: be tbank< tbe army and diaiributca rewarda,
.im- celehratea hia fatlier'a and brotlier!a blrth-daya^
' 'araUMM^ j*>
iLld, la ire&ily igavad at tha alght af Ih* i
isnrx.
•41
I'- >
iMtMm.SU^ h« MKkn irtM ••"»wf, >«<; torn** u>
AiHLKll. ihul; KiKl tu IIUMW. M.lil, wh»l (Wtloi.. l.u
"tiici«l will" li"» f<" «'n' I'l'iiiiplt- "''•'• '■'• «m","'"'
lliiii uJT J.i«nilm»'« liwloi) , lO, 111" |l«i>tiu«l» lu Jo.*
l'IilMui'«wn«»i|i*Ht.l Ji-funnlrm, iVl.
Tuuiirr.lilf*, (llirtwi or iirpfti. iiiiM.mliM W •'"ii<'». V8I-
Tow.tof BiihtLiinaUie Biliyli umtaiuny lOiM-vrniMii
II.. u. , ^
TrirfiiimWM»«l'i'l, !>:«• ,. „.,
TriiiliiliKii', nf Ihii I'liufHi'i'H iinwrlili-n, B.I.
Trnl.iii, '"(•lulu of I'"" l''""i "•'""• "" . ..
•rruiKlilHoi. irflho lu«, iiiailii hy .cvciity Iwoclilmt,
TMMiViir" ("it-Mul) kflil In IliB leniplo liy Minii nf ll.ti
Tn"iori'«I«ol, wid lliilr iiortlon. of IniiJ U. ivriiitiml
■r r!l.uli- l-iiu'l mil of JiKlM. 10 .AiiiIimIiik I';ii".'.'«''; Jr.nl
iii.'i. luriii luni iriiiiiKi, V^:l; poll Mi.iMoy !• 14.1 "n-
kiimorHyruil.yilii' JawLlf-ViK'tiilin ii.liltiii-liiiii"'
i..il,loii«ofll«nii>Hl« 'o tiBiii. H.1.1: iliri.i lM|...l.ml
lril.iiii«l*lilly Jiiinilliiin lu Kciiii-lrlm lur mlnile.'.llli.
Je\n freed' fr. .Ill iniyli.ii mirli ir|iiile l>y Hiii.un ll.f.
Mi.ffiilwi', M'I'l. liliim.riMHiiwil I" !nyl«"!i"y •■>''■""
triMile 10 lliK hlin 01 Kiiy|ii uul »l Hiflr "W" i«v.'i. >
ue-. 'J-l'.'; pull moiicv uiiil cr.iwn mi, *r. fiiruivfii I .o
iirliiriiml orilor. of llm J«wi by AiiIIimIio« iI.o
ijre..l.ll.ld.
Triiliiipliiil itnic III Romp, 58H.
Tniiii.pliiil i«)ni|>it<^rritir(l,.'MlT, llflH,.'i69.
TropliM'i give (iirci.i'u lo the Jewi._^l3.
- Triiuuicl, In liiv'i'iilloii 111111X0101. 7T.
Triilli mill iTiiiriii'v 10 1.0 0' mtvciI by bo nutoilliii,
Wm; o' nfcrveil nrriirilliijly I'y Jow'pliu*. IH.
Tryplio llm Ivrjiil, hniiii" yoiiim AiiUorliin ImrK 10
' Hyrlii, 'Jli'.'; bU poiHitiiiiiii iM'lioviimr 10 il.i' Ki.mn Ami-
ocliu'. SI"; lieJ'nw' ■'""""i"" '""' " •ni""- ••'■''' ''"
nf ikvf nil Irrnplion liiio luAeU, '.I'm; linponiii ii|ioii Si-
i hioit, I' 111; killH JoiiiilhiiH, I'l.liliiTiiUHCi' Aiitlor.liui,
■ Mri ot ||[Uilr.liiiii lit w..». !.» 1 killtil. UWi; br l» nud*
kliiii.i'yiliB nfiiiy. lb. wlilll"' I'V A|>niiiiu,!!67. , . ,
Trypbo. khiit'Hfroirii biirlffr, ;i-lt. 41V'.
Tryplio, kliiii rtoliuiiy'iiilurliug,,a45.
Tu'lil, 'i7. ^
Tvriiiinlui Pfinrii*. JiJ. _■
T'yr»nBil«Vib'|io*lili'0"«"'ii''* Alotnniler, Tl:li,.44i.
Tyro, wben built, Hill; oppri'.wil ly Miirlou, ilW; Iw-
•Innsd flvo vciir«'.vil:is .VimyrliinK. W:i.
Tyriiiiia, tbeir L'odilnnl, m'.l Miflr luiflml r«!ror.l«^iH I:
tliey Iwnl ibo \»*yriiiii« 111 Mli, ^MX Ibuir imiiTOOf
Jiipiier <)lyniplu«. 171, Sfj; of ll«rcuk», ibid; of Ai-
Ur.e.lbld„ utv. .^
Vnlerliin, i» de'uilon. 4W).
Valcriii" A«<iillfliii. '•'**t„>IW, •■
• Vnrro, prfiiileiil "f !}yi''n, ^'IH- .,...„„„
Vttriin. (QiiiM(,llii»rl\rMHl«iil of B.vrln. .V m W 3,^,
MB. '.I-; '« ro)iii»> 10 ^^l. f ur Sabiiiun, l.M. 4jJ; lieimn-
l'iniiiiiliu* l>undi«|il». piMldfBl uf *jrfl». «».
V01.1! bfij.l 111 llw ii'lli|''i'. .V>7,
VoloKmi', kill! ol r«riblj, ««. -W; I14 dMlaru WW .
HUIIII.!*! Ulll.'M. 411II
Vutiiiniil|i>, |wotai»lof of Hyrla. X», Wt, W.
viiiiu...". :w' . . ■ . .
Vowof J.'pl.il.iib iiiMtrrll1(rbiidiu|lil«i,lililliti law-
Vvl nor III ' iplkblu lu tiod, llil.
Irr-. nil. . .
Iriiib »liiiii, JIT, *
rrbii.,l.liib |.iii.','jll.
I<'rhu mill H iiiiii.ii.iiii.. 73.
I'l.'.'t. . " . ■
I utiib, niiiliiiii by f5ml for ii.iif binf-lh* iik. M4.
I'Kiiili iir .\/iirnili. kiim of Jiidiib. IW. •« l'«rii» In- ,
i-ii.M^ 111 tri)iiii|il.'.VIi«. Ill' I' 'iiiiHi'ii wUli lb* bpro-
«) lor iKiiipinit lliii pniiii'a iilbi'i:, ibid.
Wiir no! brifuii nli!i rurilKii n*ii6iii till aiubiMidort
l.fi'W'liI, '10. Mil.
Wiir (liiwn f/ iiuiiinn Ibr Jpw", IW. IMM.
Wiir (iPMinh) uliciirn li'Kiiu. «i:i. 4li4, IIU, 4(llt, 4.0
VVBlpr of Ib'ililil rill, iMriifd lo(;ivl bv lliivlil, IJ7,
WKili or mnomiiiillr. wiiiii»n. of Kiidor, iquilorta
Hiiul. in7: l.ir I'lib.iliuni. Hibl. ,'
\ViiiiuMi'»pawcr,-.".;i;lbi'lrruiiiiln« In iirivfiytm ac-
iiiai.lloiK, 4.-i; II fir iliiM furliiWiii iiii'ii, Wl; imtiljn
wiiiuMi HOI to lie m.ibtird will, by Ji»», i44; wb»n
iliviirri'il riw.iiul iiiiirry iiiinlbrr wllboiit Ib.-tr .lorii.er .
Iiim aiiira.oiiM'lil.lM; IVmiiiii woumn.iir wlvo». not
lubewL'u Uyilittugtii. iiV. not alluWfU lo U »U
licwca, U*.'.
Xv
Xmiliili im, lbi> HyrO Mnriilfibbin niinia of tba JaWiab
IiiODlb Nbnii, 'JC: iind w. timwlisi*.
X.M«ra mn iTilK IbiriiiM, •.'■-' I ; but Inifr lo Kir«, W.I,
.Xyi.iplioiy. n Ji'wmli I.»llvii1, wlipii llity rairli'd wood
toliio teiiiule lor tlii) aarilrttea, 47U.
^ v.-
V^flr, two bcjlimliica of Jrwlub yeiira.'.'H.
Ymr. lUrcaf.) » period lif an buiidrad coiomon yftra,.
'»• .■^- ■■ • r.:\
7nbill«!t.» priiim of tlm Arabian*! Wl
'/.Bblillia lllli.lUll.r»ll,,'>IHI. >y
'/.«rbiirl»b, Wtrnt "f l«riirl, IM. ^ . ,«.
ZHrlmrlnb, atiii nf JibuiR.la.. ii prophet, l»alonfil, l»r.
'/.iirliiirliia. aoii of Baiucb.il J; He ta murdered In tin
leippliSJlS.
'/.arburlaH, anirrff I'lmlek, 507.
/nibir. or Hadb" In. b prb-nl
labia I' « niiUllin.'ra,
. .Hi II wlleW
■ Vftil'iiu*. ■.'H4
Vaftil
ro)rtr
■in.'.-, __.
kliii; ArtiUorJea, 228.
VeilKol t- pin'crnnrle. 71. "■
Ve.'iidliia R.riiuii, 1 ri hi! by Aml«oiiiiii,21)7; iieni lo re-
pel the I'uriSiniia, Ibid; I e killa Paioriia in buitit, and
det'xnia the rnrtbliini, 2U»,
Verii(itri», 90,
VpKpiianii and TItiia'a g«Bero»l.y. toi%iirda tho Jews,
' 841; Vcaiiiiian'aw rail' Jiiili*n, I'.KItoii.'O,
Vliideji ri'lwli'i.iliiiii't "'"0, Jl.'i,.
Vine (Bolilcn' in liirod'alompla. 322: uROthoi aent l<i
Rniiie. 2(10. ' . ..■
VlHirins i'Miirc(i«.' "''■•• ' ".
Vfrtni* it« own rcwiiril. HO.
Virtues. (r«viil,) 1«3.
ViiePbi* rroiiilim. 'IW .,.,.. .
Viip.'i.w i,r.'i.l.lePi ofHvria, 5kK.5««;belaliiiiblytr»,il-
ril bv lie Jpivn. :'«•>• ■ li^' bla expedition iiRiiliitt Ar»
t^rilid; iaonlerpd by ailwclu* to eiiief Into an iilii-
Hk ai.i^f witu ArtaliniiU!! .'6.V '
W Viieliiua ia mad* enipi.roi after Olli»i MO, h». » alntir,
Vtt
42, 148, IW. 15(1. leO, >63 '.
Ziiruiiiiinn, rii|ilniii of 'tin- Mbliiuiilet, IIU.
Zninarla. 11 Ilii' vloiiiiibJi'iii'' ■'■'.•'• , . ^„ , .—
/arenllflli, or fiiri'ptn. I'p widow • hamlatlon, wbo«a
nieiilnnrt nil »"" iiiuliipMcd 01. arrount of Elijah, IBI.
ZeuloN, .Ml.-.. .•!"«. .>lii,.-'"'.'. ,.^.. • ,,,
Zeb. or Zc.'b. rtlpiiiln of Ibe .MIdlnnllei, HO.
Z«rlii!rmlillnproplpl,22:', , k on,
Zei'.ariali, »i>i> of Abim. la <lnln by Ani»«l«h, SOI..
Zednkliili,n liiNe propbei, li-«. I'er.iiailea Abab not to
bfiirkcn to Mlrniiib, atrikfi Miralnli, and haa bla
indifiiiPiit proi.oiinred, i' id. /
/..lukiab.kliisof Jiiilab.ant; bereiMlafromihe Bnhy-
lonlmia, lb1dTrallaforJcrebilBli'an.lvlrp.1bid;beiacar
rl.drnplivptoUal.ylon.2ll;hl«dratb,|b|d.
Zobino. (Alpiander^ klna of Jiyrla. la toiiqueiad by
Aiitiocbua Orypua, and dies. 201).
/rMO.'aiylidColi fn., tvraiit of Plil1aiJelpF.la.S«7.
.7.ni,0<limis,;int.;i:iC;biadP;ilb. :i20. .
Z.nib.iiii F.M.ioi.ian kihB, IHO: ''y''j»'«» *»**"•„ 'fl^'
Zi' a. H.nul'a fried nimi, ) II); ncrurfaMapWboaheUi. '»l-
Zinirl, prince of lbc-Hliiii;onlieaje7; lila apMOh •Hfin"
M.Sac!.. »\; )»>iiin by I'UnAo the prieal, and the
pliiBUi- waved Hii'reliy.rtild,/
ZInirt killa Kinh, \H\. bin deafh, Ibid
Zijipornli Mo«i'J''awife, US.
Zlzon.iin Arnbiiin,B75,
ZolluB,4ityriiiit.2Ta
Zorolmbel. 22U. J-il , 029.
I4r, king of the MUianttM. M.
eM
tabi.f:>i.
TAIil.lCli ,
COMPARATIVE VIKW OF TIIK LIVI;H OF Tilt: rATIHARCnS,
rnOM AIM»|TUTHB DKLl'dlC.— ACCuRlllwa TU TIIK IIKIIMKW (uMrUTAflUN.
A.M
I
1,10
*w
M
l<.tl
i.h:
«7(
on I
im;
101.
Mill
1 1 HI
I Ml
l.'OO
Mi;
lUfi
Ifi.Sti
•M"
IIMI4
•t<»M
11 -)»!
i,on
l',44J
(.III, 'I
.l-.T
i Jul
,07 1
.0 7
.H'.l
.7..O
«ll
24 M
Zll»
^.I4B
NOAM rifdir.l in Ih* (Ir.l inrofrtt* Wprlil; Ultil A, M. OJO.
noi. .s».Tti hum ^. M. urt. iiirrf ill i<Mi
,Mift;.IO.i>! K.M» l'""> A. M a.lj, ili*«l in 1 1 10.
iir.I .19:.*., WirnX'.MNA.I Uim a, M, JU, <lir.l in IWS.
ttU^T ■J«.i".,ltW5 ■>0->..Maiumi,KH. ''orM A. M. :»»*; ilirt) in l«H).
lUiOS .irjoj m* 1.155 «'.V J,<Kiiilw.rn A> M. 4M>i iIikI in Uil
i<m1: tnt. Mtf ».17l ,rt7»...l«ii. K,vril-1«jii..A,,M,H.'J: |,,.„.
|h|7 2 .'»« 2 I.W i Mi ' -i^t I t:i 3 .. »!.'» b \|»TMl.'klCI AM l>,
''.Tl» 711'" fil'lj 5l!tF I7»i..ni». '.'W'. IH7|^..I.A,>l».ni
i» io3 .'■iiHis i,ai 5 .110-. tsM 9 ..••70 J
,'.!»iB. .v«3.
..Mi
HOTS
ii:i2
wi-i
7l7o
.7,1. -J
HI..;
tin? ■'•"■» S
,Riil«'...VW J.,
7-i,\a iiH(>^.
,H|«*'. 77Vj.
h:o5..
9t,i ..
9-
:iui..
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TABLK 11;
CHRONOLOGICAL T\IILe. PROM THE CBEATtON TO TUB BIRTH Of OUH LOUD.
Arroriling In the Suppulnlloni of
Ibrce celebrated Wrilrti,
I. Thf Creition,
jl. 'I'ha Deluge^ . -.
S. The VnrMlon of Ahriliarti, . .
4. 1'he CxiiduK i>|' larHi'l ,
The Uvuih 0/ Miiim. . ...
The Ki>uii(lali"n ol'lhe Tcniple,
Capllvity, . ,.;...
8. The Teiiipl'' bnrnrri
The Ul piiirl.by t'vnn, . . .
The2>t Kil.bv Diitiii»M)<iiii>pit,
7. The A'ati«it> ol our torU, , . .
Total auniberofVeart. . , .
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3102
1556
2256
3617:2256
■—III -
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2im.i 427 1921
427
ir.ij
9.;7
2135
967
3513
1257 2.160 1257
25Ui 857:1491
430
29.'.3
1397
1705
430
3943 1687 1 1930 430
2553 .' . ; .'■
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