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 The following ix a Cupy of u Letter that Mr. Buchanan addressed to Lord Aylmer in relation 
 to suggested improvements in the Navigation of the Gulf of St. Lawrence and 8ea adja- 
 cent, which Letter His Lordship 8ui)sequently submitted to the present Governor-in -Chief 
 the Right Honorable the Earl of Gosford, for his Excellency's consideration : — 
 
 
 Office of His Mcyesly's Chief Agent for Emigration 
 to Upper and Lower Canada. 
 
 Quebec, Ist Auguit, 1835. 
 Mv Lord, 
 
 I linvc the honor to submit to your Excellency the accompanying^ Chart, illustrative of my plan for reoder- 
 iiipr more mh the Ni«vi;;ation nf the 'iuifaud River St. Lawrence, to which I alluded in my general Emigration 
 Ki^port of \Mi year that I lind the honor to lay before youi Lordship. 
 
 Ill an Essay I wrote on Prnc'lonl Eroi);rdtion in the year 1827, I offered some remarks as to the advantatfe 
 that mi|r|it l>i> cxpirtud from the CHtabliithini; Light Houses in proper situations in the ftulf and Uiver St. 
 Lawrence, with a vieiv not only to additional security in the navigation thereof, but also for the greater safety to 
 the many thousands of Euiigruuts that were destined to these fine Colonies ; and having had the satJsfaotion of 
 observing that my humble suggestions on the subject were corroborated by others, and since for the most part 
 acted on, I have in consequence been prompted to devote much thought to the subject which I now most res- 
 pectfully submit to your Lordi^hip's consideration. 
 
 The lesultofmy observations, and which is strengthened by thu testinony of many able Navigators and 
 persons of great practical experience, is, that to establish a Light House on the Island of St. Paul's would be to 
 materially increase the danger complained of in regard to that ill-fated spot. This Island as well as the adjacent 
 sea is, from April to October, subject to thick foggy weather, in an average of four days out of seven ; conse- 
 quently, a light could rarely bo observed, and the fact 0'° a light being on the Island would induce the doubtful 
 and unskilful Mariner to run for it. Many Shipmasters who come to Quebec and Forts in thoOulf, are so much 
 nc<!iistomed to steer their course by the aid of Light Houses in the North Sea and English and Irish Channels, 
 that they are from habit exceedingly anxious to avail themselves of every opportunity of observing one, \( in 
 their track, and not unfrcqucntly they will go some distance from their course to see a light, with a view to 
 correct their Reckoning. 
 
 In consequcni!e of the frequency of Fogs about St. Paul's, as before stated, and the uncertainty of seeing 
 the light, niHiiy Mariners might bo led into errors, and being unable to obtain soundings from the almost fathom- 
 less duptli of the sea and uncertain currents round the Island of St. Puiil's, they would be brought in contact 
 with its foaming rocks and perpendicular cliH's without the least chance of safety ; besides it will be found that 
 nearly all th.) disastrous shipwrecks of late years, as also that of the ship William Ewing from Londonderry, the 
 present season, on the Island of Scaturi, tool< place in foggy weather, when under fuil sail, and the vessel runnin;; 
 with a strong breeze before the wind on the rocks ; thus affording a mtflnncholy evidence of the want of every 
 attention on Ihe part of the masters of such vessels and atfordlng strong proof that some Beacon is w.inted to 
 warn the carc'ess Marii>er of his approach to danger, which licacon should be stationed in a safe situation, easily 
 found by the itid of sounding's. I will here remark, that when fogsry weather prevails about the entrance of the 
 Uulf, the wine' <s generally from the Southward, whii.h is a fair wind for vessels bound in ; when the winds 
 prevail with aiiy Northing, and between East and Wjst, fogs are rarely experienced. 
 
 I am pren.ircd to expect that the objections I advance against a Light IInuso on the Island of Saint Paxl's, 
 may on first view not lino that advocacy that I anticipate will ere long bo given to it, when the subject is butter 
 understood by ptrsons of practical experience in such matters. 
 
 Having thus ventured to state to your Lordship my objections to a Light on St. Paul's, I TeK! myself called 
 on to Niibniit a substitute, and theieforo crave your Excellency's particular attention to my plan, as shewn in the 
 Chart, as a preventative against shipwreck, not only on St. Paul's, but on that fatitl and dangerous Island, Scatari, 
 near Cape Urvton. 
 
 I propose therf^foFo th.it a Floating Light bestaiioned on tho Western End of the Green Bank, in about 35 
 fathoms depth of water, on a parallel due East from the Island of Scataii 135 miles, and from the Island of St. 
 Paul's about S. E. by E. J E. ItiO miles, and from the Island of St. Peter's S. 48 miles, to be provided with a 
 large bell, to be tolled in foggy weather, and a cannon, to be fired occasionally. 
 
 A reference to tho Chart will at once shew your Lordship the situation to which I have referred, and the 
 objects contemi iatud by the adoption of a Light Ship, to be run for by ships bound fur the Oulf and River St. 
 Lawrence, and from whence a safe course could be steered, if bound to Quebec and up the River as high as Cape 
 Mont Pelee, passing niid-chanuel between St. Paul's and Cape Ray, and giving the Easternmost Bird island a 
 berth of five or six miles. 
 
 Should the proposed Light Ship be adopted, it is presumed that commanders of veisels bound to the Oulf 
 and River St. Lawrence would in general be anxious to make it, which even in foggy weather they could easily 
 do, from the aid of regular soundings ; and having seen tho light, nothing but the greatest ignorance and 
 neglect could bring them in contact with the fatal Islands of Scatari or St. Paul's afterwards ; the occurrence of 
 any disaster under such circumstances, iipou either of the beforcmentioned Islands, should for ever disqualify the 
 Captain from the command of a ship in future. 
 
 I also submit, that to render more effectual the benefits I anticipate from the Floating Light, a Light 
 House be erected on the LasUrn Bird Island, to exhibit a stationary Light to distinguish it from the present 
 Light on the South West point of Anticosti. 
 
 The expense of the Floating Light would not be found to exceed .£2,000 in the outfit, and the annual dis- 
 bursement would not amount to one halfpenny per ton on the tonnage trading to the Uulf and River St. 
 Lawrence, on the average of the last three years, as also that of the proposed Light on Bird Island. 
 
 The authorities of Halifax might be entrusted with the management of the Floating Light, and in placin<r 
 the Vessel at her proper moorings iu April, and removing hcr.i>;ain in October in each year, and the Government 
 of New-Brunswick would be the most proper to take charge of tho Bird Island Light. The soundings round the 
 Bird Islands being very regular, from 25 futhoras four leagues otf, to two fathoms within a cable's length of the 
 rocks, added to the whitish appearance of the water, rendering tho approach thereto, with proper attention, 
 unattended with any serious risk. The great neglect of mariners is, a want of due attention to lead and line. 
 Many fatal accidents might have been avoided iiauthe lead been cast every two houis when approaching the land, 
 and having the ship put under snug sail. 
 
 Submitting the whole to your Lordship's consideration, and soliciting the honor of your transmitting this 
 Letter and the accompanying Chart to His Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonial Department, 
 
 I have the honor to be. 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 Your Lordship's most obedient humble Servant, 
 
 A. C. BUCHANAN, 
 
 H. M's. Chief Agent for Emigration in U. and L. Canada. 
 To His Excellency 
 
 Lord AvLMER, 
 
 Governor-in-Chicf, 
 &c. &c. &c. 
 
 NoTi.— The Chan referred to in the preceding Letter Is being Lllhugrsphcd,— wlicn flniilied, Mr. Buchanan inlands to 
 diitribuis I number of Copies 10 tht proper authoriiies hero and in i%e Siilcr Provinces.