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*%K**^^*\^*H^^'^^^-- i 
 
 DIALOGUES 
 
 IN THE 
 
 SHADE S, 
 
 BETWEEN 
 
 GENERAL WOLFE, 
 GENERAL MONTGOMERY, 
 
 DAVID HUME, 
 GEORGE GRENVILLE, 
 
 AND 
 
 CHARLES TOWNSHEND. 
 
 ^■ 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 Printed for G. KEARSLEY, N*46, 
 ^ IN Fleet Street. 
 
 M«DCC.).XXVII. • 
 
. I 
 
 
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 y 
 
 ^^' 
 
 li' •^ 
 
 ■ •■■» 
 
 s.- 
 
 . r^ \\ ^' 
 
 A*;i;j-w, 
 
 <^1 
 
 ,.i% 
 
TO 
 
 / 
 
 Sir GEORGE SAVILE, 
 
 I INSCRIBE the diftates of 
 a philanthropy unbiafled by 
 party prejudices and free from 
 revengeful paflion, to the lover 
 df juftice and peace, to the true 
 patriot, and the eitcellent citizen, in 
 order that his moft honoured name 
 may be the voucher of my good 
 intention^ and for the particular 
 
 fatif- 
 
4 
 
 fatisfaftion that an upright heart 
 feels in paying a due homage to 
 exalted virtue. 
 
 - -.-t- 
 ,.■... , . ' '-iy 
 
 lam, 
 
 With great relpeft, 
 
 . ■ ' ,• ' ' ' 
 
 S I R, 
 . Your molt humble fervant, 
 
 The author. 
 
DIALOGUE L 
 
 SETWEEM 
 
 GENERAL WOLFE, 
 GENERAL MONTGOMERY, 
 
 AMD 
 
 DAVID HUME. 
 
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adbBH 
 
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 D I A L O G U E i. 
 
 B£ T WEEN 
 
 ft 
 
 OENERAL WOLf^E, 
 GENERAL MONTGOltfEKt, 
 
 A WD 
 
 QAVID HUME. . 
 
 MONTGOMEftY.-^ 
 
 IT is m huppythimcibf mt^ Win 
 Wolfe, w fiftd yoa saiWKe ill* tSft 
 folltary walk, fince I may, without 
 being interrupted, expatiate with you 
 Vii the uftjxrft cofitempt you hive ihewn 
 
[ 4 ] 
 
 nic from the day of my arrival in this 
 delightful place : a treatment which 111 
 becomes your noble and patriotic foul. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Do you claim in your behalf the 
 yery fentiment which excites my indig- 
 nation againft you ? 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 What can you charge me with? 
 Have I not, with a courage as undaunt- 
 ed as yours, encountered an honourable 
 death on the fame (pot where you glo-* 
 viouiQy fell» and which, though ren- 
 dered famous by your vidtory, cannot 
 be difgraced by my defeat. 
 
 Far be it from enlightened ibuls to 
 
 J^dgp 
 
r 5 1 
 
 jiidgc of true valour according to ^oc^' 
 or ill fucccfs. No, the only difference * 
 between you and me is in the caofe for ' 
 'which we fought. 
 
 'V MONTGOMERY, 
 
 Was the injury you avenged by tor- : 
 rents of blood of fo black a dye, that :. 
 nothing lefi would have wa(bed it oflf? 
 I thought that the ground of the quar- 
 rel you deem fo righteous, was only 
 fojne breaches of ancient treaties, which 
 fcarcely deferved the name of trefpaflcs. 
 
 WOLFE. ' ' 
 
 Since you provoke me thus, I fhall 
 tell you in plain words, that I was the 
 champion of my country againft its na- 
 tural and inveterate enemy, the French; 
 and that you Aave been the leader of ' 
 
 A3 feditious 
 
iiidmoiis men, who revolted, againft ;! 
 jwpte IP whprp ttey wcr^ bound hy the 
 mpft fgcred tie pf^lial duty* 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 There are fo few inftances recorded 
 in the annal9 of mankind, to prove that 
 j)areAtai teiidemefs and filial love pre* 
 ponderate over felf-intereft in private 
 individuals, that it was not worth while 
 to employ the abfurd metaphor of the 
 Motber Country^ to enforce fentiments, 
 "which ^ould not be fo emphatically re* 
 lated, and fo much admired, if they 
 were common in the literal fcnfe of the 
 image. But, fuppofmg that nature 
 works mpre effeAually than (he gene- 
 rally doe$ upon the hearts o^ parents 
 ^nd.childieni arc no( the inftrumeni^ 
 
 fht 
 
l\ r } 
 
 mid • long hibk? ^ , 
 
 WOlPfi. 
 
 I fee you pretend, that the affiMty' 
 between a colony and the nation wh^hce ' 
 it came, is like that which k fbtim! ihf 
 the brute creation, s^nd fubfides W^ii * 
 the weaknefs of early life ceafcs. HaVe' 
 you no faith either in friendfli^ 6r vit 
 alliance? 
 
 MONTGOMERY. . 
 
 Friendlhip (lands in the ikme predk ^ 
 cament with filial duty in refpeA t6 us- ^ 
 tions, for this fentiment is raifed in the ' 
 human heart by the fame meahs \ ex- 
 cept, that not poffefllng the mind fo 
 foon, it admits and requires the iAiVllh ^ 
 encc of rcafon and jwdgmentp i^hich, , 
 
 A 4 (liu 
 
[ 8 ] 
 
 llfll le(s than a blind partiiatky-» cannot- 
 operate on men feparated at a great* 
 diftance, and who hardly think upon 
 each other's exiftence in the whole 
 courfe of their lives. As to alliance^ I 
 acknowledge it a tie, and perhaps the 
 only one binding among men ; for it is 
 founded on mutual advantages, and al- 
 lowed to be difiblved when the balance 
 of thefe advantages inclines too much 
 on either fide. On this plan has been 
 railed the fabric of every government : 
 the multitude have (aid to one or to a 
 few, •• We will obey and honour you^ 
 provided that you never mifufe the 
 power we are willing to grant you, 
 in order to fupport the dignity of 
 your ftations ; but obferve, to con- 
 ** du£^ us and yourfelves according to 
 ** the conftitutioiial laws we haveunani*'' 
 
 " moufly 
 
 Ci 
 
 «c 
 
 <( 
 
 <i 
 
I $ ] 
 
 *^ inou% approved ; if ever you. turn 
 *^ aftde from that facred ftandard, you 
 '* are no more our leaders, jput our 
 " greatcft enemies.'* 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Ah, ah, would you have Ipokenr 
 thus to an Afiatic prince, or even ta 
 fome European monarchs i 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 I fhould, undoubtedly, have had the 
 right, though perhaps not the courage, 
 to do it. But, as a reputed fubjedt ta 
 the Englifli government, I was not de- 
 bafed by flavery; I durft fpeak and 
 even arm in defence of Liberty. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Oht moft facred word, how much 
 
 haft thou been prophaned in every age 
 * by 
 
I '• 3 
 
 by turbulent or ^cfigiung tneii^ who^ 
 claim (be bteffing tbou cxprdfeft with 
 deceitful Qghs, lyhik their hoaits are 
 bent upon deftroying it, either by aiw ' 
 chy or defpotifnri ! _ 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 * I refufc not to hear your virulent 
 apoftrophes, provided you give a fair 
 Rearing t€^ n)y meek argument^. > 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Forbear, if you think to impoTe up» 
 oft me by a Cant which cannot fervc 
 your turn but with fools. Stand firm, 
 if you can, on the ground of good 
 fenfe ; and expeft not to find me ig- 
 norant of the tr4nfaAion$ that have 
 have paflcd fincc I left the earth, for 
 here we have daily accounts of them, r 
 
 . V. * MONT- 
 
C r« ] 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 On tbb is founded my hpp^ of con^ 
 vincing yo»; lince you cannot but 
 know, that if our ancient prepofleffion^ 
 are left us as a punifhment for them, we 
 are, neverthekfs, above uttering a vo- 
 luntary falfliood. Thus the fafts I 
 
 fliall alledge in favour of my caufe, be- 
 ing attefted by the moil partial (hades 
 of the oppofite party, you (hall have no 
 other trouble than that of judging if 
 my inferences arc right or wrong. As 
 to your fear of being tired with tlic' 
 jargon of an enthu6aft, I doubt not ta 
 remove it by a fimple q\^cftion. Do 
 you believ^ that your foldiers would , 
 have fought as couragioufly as they did,, 
 if juft before the battleyou had gone from ' 
 rank to rank, explaining to them the 
 
 uuc motives of your valour, and laid* 
 
 *• Here, 
 
(( 
 cc 
 cc 
 
 » 
 
 I 
 
 cc 
 
 ftC 
 
 il 
 
 [ '2 I 
 
 Here, my friends, we are to fupport^ 
 at the hazard of our lives, ibme m- 
 tercft of commerce and tile glory of 
 our arms againft men who have the 
 very fame reafons to fight againfl: us, 
 and who, upon the whole, are neither 
 better nor worfe than ourfelves. Be- 
 lieve not the abfurdities related in 
 regard to the perfons, fentiments, and 
 defign of the French, but attack 
 them^ fpurred only by honour and a 
 patriotic jealoufy of fame i ** 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 I confefs that this harangue would 
 have been very prepofterous and inv 
 prudent. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Such has been always the cafe with 
 
 every 
 
if 
 
 [ 13 ] 
 
 rvery general, chief, and even legifla- 
 ior: they knew, that common ibu}s 
 muft be moved by fprings lefs refined 
 than thofe which put heroic ones in 
 a&ion,^ and they dealt with them ac- 
 cordingly. Thus the generality of the 
 Roman warriors were urged to the con- 
 quefl: of the world from a prepoflefilon 
 that a man's head, which they found bu- 
 ried in the earth at the building of their 
 Capitol, was an infallible predidion of 
 their fuccefs. Thus your (bldiers want^ 
 ed their prejudices againft the French^ 
 and their terror of Popery, to conquen 
 and thus my Americans need all the 
 enthufiafm of a zealous feft to aflert 
 their rights. 
 
 vi 
 
 .-N' 
 
 WOLFE- 
 
k* 
 
 ■ > i'H:'- i 
 
 i^' 
 
 DfOLFE. 
 
 fiUtnber of ttttiie rights of cFaims. 
 
 i.x 
 
 di 
 
 MONTGOMERT. 
 : C&taixdy k 1% not for the Americans 
 ^nfyp but ftlfo for 9U naii^ts wh^tltl- 
 (cyfrt for aslong. a^ the l%ws to which 
 4he/ have confeased hold the fway^ ^ 
 ithey ought to do^. they arc not depeti- 
 dijeiic upORtanyotha: will butthdr own^ 
 JMid when ch^fe laws yield to ufvirp^ 
 ^$101^ chcf are at fuU liber^ to chopip 
 ibme better defence againft the like 
 juvcroachmenoi^ and to rarfue by force 
 j^^t is denied, to reaibn. ^ Has not th^i 
 4xen always the opinion of free-bori) 
 ,£ngliihmeni ^ 
 
 .a 
 
 •4/.- 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 i Mumw tniii miw 
 
t i5 ] 
 
 : l^ts t> bvtt wife intsiiH in gcneiil^ albwr 
 femetfi^ to- circiimft4itce6 : they fyacf 
 ti6 wrdfigs wbei^ thm site nontf v fti^ 
 ^itk)ve iifi) mth noc at ]iiiq>attbiiitie9» 
 ^¥ollr liafeiis for your nqpcare wkh 
 £i%iiiftit^ I jm wiitiRg to kesr 1^ mi 
 by ; t^ left Hiite tto^ tf in breaking 
 your ancient confie&ion. (I will not fay 
 in fhakingofFyour allegiancx), you pan 
 res^onabiy exped to remain a free peo- 
 ple amidft fb many^enterpfizingiieijgbr 
 ]bour$? 
 
 MONTIiaMEEY. f 
 
 Tkeic ^no choice lit tyfantsr. Ant 
 
 tfae chains of a people lifter ht being 
 
 impo&d upon them by a. xnrrmpid S^ 
 
 mtii Ihiliii d»y wouM be by an arii^ 
 
 irm^Mlmarthf. bnoiii atleaft, iliec^ 
 
 4 mat 
 
[ i6 3 
 
 * 
 
 tnal profped of future evils more 
 bounded^ when the power of infliAing 
 them lies in the hand of a (ingle wick^ 
 €d man, who may be fucc^eded Jsy a 
 righteous one, than, when many are 
 ^prompted by bafe intereft to opr ruin, 
 md leave their nufchievou$ venality a^ 
 an inhentance to their fucoeflbrs j • 
 
 * 
 
 WOLFE. '^^ 
 Mow dare you Ipeak thus before me? 
 "Who, well knowinjg that the beft abfo- 
 lute monarchy is to our happy fyffem 
 of equally balanced powers, what a tree 
 blailed'from its root is to another rotten 
 t)nly in fome of its branches, have la- 
 Tifhed my blood to prefer ve you from 
 falling into a ftate of flavery^ inot lefs 
 jnfupportable to a noble mind fOr being 
 
 •cafualiy fofcened No, I foqght not 
 
 .a;, a ^ fof 
 
for ^ory only, as you arc willing to 
 infinuate I did^ to rob me of the moft 
 exalted virtue. Such an empty defirc 
 had not firength enough to roufe me 
 from the lethargy of death, when morr 
 tally wounded and juft expiring at the 
 foot of a tree, I exulted at the news of 
 a viftory bought at the price of my life; 
 it was benevolence that raifed my tranf- 
 port and gave me a momentary anima- 
 tion 5 a benevolence which I relqdtantly 
 -denied to the brave Montcalme, then my 
 adverfary and now my intimate friend, 
 although he deferved it better than your 
 Americans, for whom I exerted it to the 
 laft: ungrateful men ! 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 Be appeafed ; we may deny that we 
 were the qaufe of the war which has 
 
 B 
 
 ju:ily 
 
I »8 ] 
 
 juftly immortalized your name, with-, 
 out arraigning the private fentiments 
 by which a generous warrior may be 
 aftuated, even in following the orders 
 of unfeeling and artful politicians ; and 
 affure yourfelf, we retain a due fenfe of 
 the obligation we owe you. My eager- 
 nefs for being juftified in your mind, is 
 not a fmall proof of my veneration for 
 your heroic and focial virtues. But 
 fince you require a fatisfaftory anfwer 
 to your laft interrogation, know, that 
 our hope of becoming a free people in 
 the full extent of the word, feems to us 
 not fo deftitute of probability as you 
 think it. True, we cannot attain that 
 defirable end without infinite difEculties : 
 like the Ruffians, who, emerging from 
 ignorance and rufticity, have beeri en- 
 abled to raife a formidable empire by 
 
 many 
 
[ ^9 ] 
 
 many ihameful defeats, we muft ac- 
 quire the military art with the pureft of 
 X)ur blood; but then, our dearly- bought 
 abilities (hall be employed againfl: any 
 one of the nations that might attempt 
 to enflave us, with as much fervency as 
 we had reludance to turn our natural, 
 but uncUfciplined, valour againfl: our 
 ^hcient allies. - . . , 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 I thought.no being, but animals of 
 ..prey, could' look upon a ftate of per- 
 petual warfare without horror. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Unhappily you are niifl:aken: 
 ftrength will always prevail over jufliicc 
 among mankind, and confequently a 
 country mufl: now, as formerly, build 
 
 B 1 
 
 Its 
 
[ 20 ] 
 
 its freedom upon the bafis of wat 
 Thefe are undeniable though melan- 
 choly truths ; and the Americans, in 
 ivhofe name I Ipeak, have been made 
 .fo fenfible of them, that they are re- 
 solved never to toil for oppreflbrs, but 
 to fubftitute a martial ardour to an ac- 
 tive induftry ; for the tax of blood* 
 >vhich war impofes, falls equally on the 
 two adverfe parties. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 No, not always fo.; for, as you have 
 
 juftly obferved, ^ome ingredients are to 
 
 be added to courage, without which the 
 
 .moft obftinate refiijUnce muft b^, at la(^ 
 
 iubdued. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 2ut, wfaat can compdl the heart i 
 
 What 
 
I ?r T 
 
 What can force a people to bear 
 Kimely their chains, when opportuitity 
 prefents itfelf for (hewing the abhor* 
 rence of them,, and for renewing a juft 
 
 war r 
 
 • 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Here is David Hums, who has ana-^ 
 lyfed the human mind, and who comes 
 very fcafonably to anfwcr you. 
 
 HUME* 
 Who makes this peaceful abode re- 
 ibund with the odious word of war ? 
 Ah ! is it you noble Wolfe and brave 
 Montgomery, who give a frefli in- 
 ftance of the fatal power of prejudices, 
 which, alas ! fubfide not by death, but 
 continue to alarm the foul even in its 
 ftate of quiet. 
 
 B 3 ' MONT. 
 
/ 
 
 [ 22 J 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 Have you not need, David, of that 
 pity you bcftow upon us ? 
 
 HUME. , 
 
 ® As here the chaftifement is adequate 
 to the guilt, I muft be more unhappy 
 than both of you. You miftook paf- 
 fionate prepoflefllons for equitable fen- 
 timents-, you afted accordingly, and are 
 punifhed only by the continuation of 
 your blindnefs. It is not the fame with 
 me. I dared to face Truth in all its 
 fplendor; and with its bright torch I 
 traced the dark fteps of men's errors 
 from age to age : I could not confe- 
 quently be feduced by fhallow ambition, 
 nor over-perfuaded by infignificant in- 
 tereft, much lefs deceived by vain fac- 
 tions j but I fuffcred myfelf to bt 
 
 «. - know- 
 
C ^3 T 
 
 knowingly mifled by thefe bad guides; 
 and the pcrfpicacity with which I was 
 endued is increafed to that pointy now 
 I cannot, though willingly, cover my 
 former faults with t;he leaft (hadow of 
 excufe. You difpute with each other, > 
 and ftill have the confolation of think- 
 ing yourfelves in the right ; I arraign 
 myfelf, and always conclude that I v/as 
 in the wrong. In vain I feek for tran- 
 quillity in the afylums of philofophy 
 which I have pointed out to mankind ;• 
 cither I mifs the plain road that leads 
 t6 them, by the remembrance of ths 
 crooked politics in which I imprudent- 
 ly wandered •, or I miflake the beauti- 
 ful flowers which adorn them, for tlje 
 thorns every where planted in the mi- 
 niftcrial cabinet. I no more admire the 
 fortitude of the ftoic philofophcr in the 
 
 B 4, nil. id- 
 
i H ] 
 
 midft of accidental acute pains/ andP 
 voluntary aufterities, when I rcflcft o» 
 the conftancv with whfch the chief 
 
 m 
 
 leader of a ftate fufFers the mortifica- 
 tion of difappointment, the (harpnefs of 
 public reproaches, and willingly expofes 
 himfelf to violent pertubations and 
 never-ceafing trouble of mind. I am 
 even fo far difgufted with my favourite 
 Epicurean fyftem, for the confufion I 
 feel at having awhile forfaken it, that, 
 in order to be rid of myfelf, I often 
 mix with the multitude, whofe fenlelef^ 
 agitations I cannot help envying. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 After this account of your fituation, 
 we may, without encroaching on your 
 fublimc thoughts, take you for our 
 
 judge 
 
I ^5 ] 
 
 Judge ill a difputq that has> arifen be- 
 tween Montgomery and me, about 
 our refpe<5live dcath3^ He pretends^ 
 that he fell in a caufe no lefs juft, and 
 honourable, than that for which 1 joy- 
 fully fpilled the laft drop of my blood. 
 But, though he has fpoken with great 
 vehemence, and not without truth, on: 
 the topic of liberty in general, he knows, 
 that I cannot give up the con tefted point, 
 till he enters into particulars, and makes 
 an exaft application of his principles to^ 
 the prefent rebellion of his Americans, ' 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 This will not be a difficult ta(k. 
 
 HUME. 
 
 Not fo eafy, in my judgment, as you 
 imagine. 
 
 X MONT- 
 
r -6 1 
 
 MONTGOMERX ' 
 
 How! have you not told us, that? 
 you were free ffom all kind of pre- 
 poflcflions^ 
 
 HUME. 
 Be not fo hafty, Montgomery: It 
 is not my intention to give the pre- 
 ference over you to any warrior what- 
 ever: if I defy you to apologize for the 
 American war, it is becaul'e in the eyes of 
 reafon, war in general is not only unjufti- 
 fiable, but alfo the ignominy of mankind -,, 
 and becaufe a conqueror decked with the 
 laurels of v^ftory has no more real claim 
 to glory, than he whofe hope has bten 
 rejefted by fortune, and on whofe ncg- 
 lefted corpfc fall only the tears of difap- 
 pointed friends. 
 
 WOLFE, 
 
re* 
 
 f ^7 ! 
 
 WOLFE. 
 "What a ftrange paradox is thisf 
 But I will contain the indignation it 
 raifes in my foul, and hear the reafons 
 you have to alledge in fupport of it. 
 
 HUME. 
 
 Allow me, firft, that ingratitude and' 
 Infamy are taken by a generous mind 
 for fynonymous words. 
 
 MONTGOMERY- 
 
 Who doubts of it ? 
 
 HUME. 
 
 Thofc doubt it, who caufe benevo^- 
 
 lent nature co be accufed of injuftice and 
 
 parfimony, by over-running the earth 
 
 under the ftandard of envy and avarice, 
 
 to fpoil other countries of produftions 
 
 often not fo valuable as thofe of their 
 * own* 
 
I *8 3 . ; 
 
 own, and always infinitely lefs adapretf 
 to their wants ; for this ingratitude, be- 
 ing the origin g( contentions among the* 
 }iuman fpecies,, war is branded with in» 
 famy. -^ 
 
 WOLFR 
 
 'If yoU oblige every people to be <ion^ 
 tented with the produftions of their na*^ 
 tive fpot, you take from them animat* 
 ing variety, beneficent luxury, and at 
 the fame time all the arts and fciences,. 
 by which the focial tie has been extended 
 to the whole circumference of the worlds 
 
 HUME, 
 
 I Ihould take nothing from them, if, 
 by continuing their natural horror for 
 tlood, and by following their innate 
 inclination for quiet, they were to fub- 
 
 llicutc 
 
■ I ^^ 3 
 
 Slitute for reciprocal rapines and niur- 
 vders, the univcrfal benefit of peaceful 
 .<;ommercc. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. > 
 
 Then would no taxes be arbitrarMy 
 impofed upon induftry ? and the fruits 
 of labour would be reaped by the 
 » hands that want has fet to work? 
 
 HUME, 
 
 JSood Montgomery, no taxes at 
 all; and it would be worthy of this 
 enlightened age if all nations fhould 
 agree on this. plan of a pi^ific exchange* 
 , Thus the refpeftivc gifts they have 
 received would be» as they were intend- 
 , ed^ the means of their prefervation and 
 enjoyment i inftead of being, as they 
 
 are. 
 
E 3P } 
 
 .-are, the caufe of their deftruAion and 
 piifery. 
 
 WOLFE; 
 
 But fuppofing mankind wife enough 
 to agree in this defign^ and afterwards 
 fome people to oppofe it with invin- 
 cible obftinacy and determined malice^ 
 would not a war be juft againft thefe en« 
 mies of the general good ? 
 
 HUME. 
 
 At leaft this fentence {hould not b^ 
 j)afled in the dark councils of ambition 
 .andintereft, 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 A genenfl, ^ho is ordered by his 
 j)rince or country to command the exe- 
 cutioners of this fentence, is feldom 
 called to the councils you mention, and 
 
 con- 
 
•c<Jnfcqtiently is innocent of their irii- 
 *quity. 
 
 HUME. 
 
 if he is a man of a generous difpofi- 
 tion, care will be taken to keep him in 
 that ignorance, which is not imputed as 
 a crime by the Power who judges the 
 ^cart. Thus, although the refpeftive 
 -caul'e, in defence of which you loft your 
 diives, are thought to be unjuft, the one 
 by the French, and the other by the 
 Engliih, you are both in thefe delight- 
 ful fields. But, in yonder dark valley, 
 are thofe who knowingly fought for in- 
 jufticc with all the perverfity of cor- 
 rupted nature. There groan thefe 
 ivicked men, who have forced a yield- 
 ring people to abhor the Englifli name, 
 ft for 
 
I 3^ ) 
 
 4or which they were fo favourafely pre- 
 pofleflcd, that they willingly proffered 
 all the precious materials of a mofl: 
 luxuriant foil in exchange for infignifi- 
 <:ant trifles, and would have continued 
 ito enrich England, if thefc thirfty mon- 
 ilers had not, by fraud, flaughter, and 
 rdefolation, almoft dried up the fources 
 of thefe treaiures, and at the fame time 
 raifed over their own heads mountains 
 «f guilt, to efcape which they have vaia- 
 iy haftened to this phice. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 . Oh ! let them be crulhed for ever 
 ^iiwder the weight of remorfe, fince th^ 
 *are the principal caufe of the American 
 misfortune ! fmce their depredations in 
 .that ri^h country have turned the eyes 
 •sof avarice upon our poor land, and ex« 
 7 pofed 
 
I 33 ) 
 
 |)ored our hard-acquired pofleifions to 
 the perfecuting eagernefs that a fpont^- 
 4ieous wealth inipires. 
 
 HUME, 
 
 There is feme foundation for this 
 complaint: however, I advife Wolf^ 
 •to beware of pailionate exclamations, 
 and to hear the arguments urged on 
 both fides with coolnefs ; for fince he 
 cannot be. prejudiced in the American 
 caufe, this method of clearing it to fatif- 
 faftion is the beft I can recommend : 
 confequently George Ghenvjlle is 
 the propereft opponent to Montgo- 
 mery. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 1 would not willingly give oflfence to 
 
 C my 
 
[ 34 1 
 
 ^niy advcrfary, by afking him to beat 
 the prefence of the very man, who is 
 deemed the firft author of his wrongs. ' 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 Would to Heaven all the enemies 
 of the Americans were here to oppofe 
 me! ' 
 
 HUME. 
 
 This is a truly patriotic wifli ! How 
 far its accomplifliment could he recon- 
 ciled with juftice, is more than I am 
 willing to take the trouble to difcu&. 
 Adieu. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 This furmife favours of the Scotch 
 
 policy, and this indolence comes from 
 
 4 the 
 
[ 35 ] 
 
 the felfifhnefs breathed in the Epicurean 
 bowers. Oh ! let me exclsdm with yoH 
 againft the fatal power cf pryudias% 
 fince the mod exalted fouls, notwith- 
 {landing their juft pretenfions, are n<^» 
 entirely, exempt from them. 
 
 End of the Fiilit DiAipQxfB. 
 
 C 2 
 
DIALOGUE II. 
 
 BETWEEN 
 
 GENERAL WOLFE, 
 GENERAL MONTGOMERY, 
 
 AND 
 
 GEORGE GRENVILLE. 
 
 C3 
 
t / 
 
tftm 
 
 DIALOGUE IL 
 
 BETWEEN 
 
 GENERAL WOLFE, 
 GENERAL MONTGOMERY, 
 
 < AND 
 
 GEORGE GRENVILLE. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 I Have, according to your defire, pre- 
 vailed upon George Grenville to 
 join us in this pleafing arbour : but let 
 me entreat you to be lefs pafllonatc 
 with bim than you were with Hume, 
 
 C4 or; 
 
[4a } 
 
 •r, at leaf!:, to avoid giving perfonal 
 offence. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Although paflion and animofities cai> 
 be of no danger here, I will endeavour 
 to obey your injundion^; for it is con- 
 fiftent with reafon that I Ihould bear with 
 the prepoffeflions of an adverfary who 
 is to bear with mine. This was not the 
 cafe with a philofopher, who boafted of 
 an impartiality founded on t;he moft en- 
 lightened underftanding. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 By doubting of the juftice of your 
 caufe, he had not taken part againft it. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Yes, he had ; I think him to be a man 
 
 initiated in the iniquitous plot intended 
 
 ft ' for 
 
 •\ 
 
lal 
 
 ir 
 la 
 
 r +« r 
 
 for our ruin; and who knows the fulJ' 
 extent of our wrongs and rights, fincche 
 praifed the fpirited condud of Hamp-* 
 DEM, under an opprefiion infinitely lefs 
 flagrant than thofe to which we have 
 been condemned, 
 
 WOLFE. 
 There is Grenville j let us pro- 
 ceed with fome method. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Let me aflc him in what light he 
 views the Americans. 
 
 grenville; 
 
 Now, as rebels and enemies 5 former^ 
 ty, as fubjefts and friends. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. . 
 
 Subjedts ! to what power ? Friends f 
 
 to whom ? 
 
 G R E N- 
 
[ 42 3 
 
 GRENVILLE, 
 
 Subjeas to the laws of England;, 
 friends to the Engliih people. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 So we are ftill. We defire nothing 
 clfe but to fee thefe Jaws in force •, we 
 love none better than thofe who adhere 
 to them. 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 
 Idle words! fuggefted to you by 
 ambitious men, who oppofe what they 
 call bad meafures to get at the power of 
 fupporting worfe ; but whofc feditious 
 harangues would be mere found, if they 
 were not echoed in the ears of thofe 
 who want judgment todifcern their art- 
 ful proceeding, and who plunge them- 
 fdves into the gulph of irretrievable 
 - ruin, 
 
Idf 
 
 [ 43 ] 
 
 rub, while the cool incendLJes ad- 
 vance and retreat at pleafure. Yes» the 
 greater number of thefe champions of 
 liberty aim at nothing elfe but at be- 
 coming tyrants in their turn, well know- 
 ing, that they may afterwards wafll ofF 
 the odious ftain of this name in torrents 
 of eloquence, perverfely applied to fup- 
 pofed grievances and unfelt complaints. 
 Thus the Minifter whofe head is to-day 
 devoted to the block, by the blind mul- 
 titude^ may be to-morrow their idol, 
 while they themfelves continue the vic- 
 tims of their own infatuation. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Such recantation of errors will no( 
 be a reproach to your memory. 
 
 1 
 
 GREN- 
 
[ 44 ] 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 
 No ; becaufe the confcioufnels of aft* 
 ihg confiftently with juftice direfted all 
 my fteps when I was in power, and 
 proved fo great a comfort to me in my 
 private ftation, that I would not have 
 exchanged it for the fovereignty of the 
 world. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Was it juftice to tax the Americans 
 without their confent ? to deprive them 
 of the benefits arifing from a conftitu- 
 tion by which they were bound to Eng- 
 land ? on account of which they were 
 proud of their fubjeftion. 
 
 ^ GRENVILLE. 
 
 What hinderai you from propofing 
 to have your reprefentatives in parlia- 
 ment i 
 
 MONT^ 
 
aft. 
 
 all 
 
 and 
 
 my 
 
 lave^ 
 
 the 
 
 [ 45 1 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 'We were deterred from this thought, 
 •not, perhaps, fa much by the difficulty 
 of warning our reprefentatives againft 
 dangerous . meafures and uncommon 
 emergencies, as by a juft reluftancc 
 againft expofing fo many honeft and 
 fimple men to learn treachery and cor- 
 ruption. AVe dreaded the humiliation 
 of being obliged to envy the condition 
 of thofe people who are deemed flave^, 
 but whofe honour fcreens itfelf behind 
 the Coloflus of Defpotifm ; who, at 
 leaft, are opprefled without being de- 
 rided, and plunderedof half their proper- 
 ty, without being obliged to venture the 
 other half for the mummery of being 
 To treated, legally. 
 
 WOLFE, 
 
f 46 ] 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Thefe are odious comparifons, and 
 injurious declamations to no purpofc* 
 Were you arbitrarily taxed without 
 having provoked the Ejnglifh govern- 
 ment to fuch a ftretch of power ? You 
 were, in my time, thought the beft 
 judges of your own abilities, and confe- 
 qiiently left at liberty to agree among 
 yourfelves on the propereft method of 
 paying yoiu* fhare towards the public 
 charges. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 That is to fay, we were then allowed 
 to be Englifhmen, and as fuch cpnfi- 
 dered as a party in the beft fecial con- 
 traS: that ever was made among man- 
 kind. But, alas! it is not the fame 
 with us now ! America has been fpurn- 
 
I 47 ] 
 
 td from that happy inclofure of whok- 
 fome laws in which Ihe ftood united 
 with England. My opponent here has 
 oinfortunately imitated the Firft Appius 
 Claudius, whofe inflexible chara&cr and 
 niiftaken notion of intereft and dignity 
 forced a part of the Roman people to 
 -defert their countrymen, and to plant on 
 the facred mount the ftandard of juft 
 refiftance ; he has, like him, unchained 
 the Hydra of Civil Diflentions, which 
 fooner or later devours both contending 
 parties, defolates the moft flourilhing 
 empires, and fcarcely leaves any traces 
 of their former exiftence. 
 
 GRENVILLE, 
 
 It was not the fever ity of the prudent 
 Appius which occafioned thefe calami- 
 nes you mention, but the indulgence of 
 
 fonie 
 
[ 48 1 
 
 rfdmc inconfiderate fenatofs, who, com- 
 plying with the unjuft demands of the 
 rebels, permitted them to have their 
 
 rown Magiftrates : thence arofe an hurt- 
 ful power by which the legal authority 
 
 -of the Republic was infenfibly invaded : 
 thence a wife fenate was often infulted 
 
 . and prepared for dedrudtion by feditious 
 
 : men, who, under the name of Tribunes, 
 or defenders of the people, were always 
 the promoters and chiefs of thofe re- 
 volts and civil wars, to which the ruin 
 
 ^ of the Roman empire is juftly afcribed 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 But what particular reafons had you, 
 good Grenville, for taxing the Ame- 
 xicans ? 
 
 GRENVILLR 
 I found that the regulations of com- 
 merce 
 
 
i 49 1 
 
 hierce were malicioufly eluded by them; 
 dnd, as it was on account of the advan- 
 tagcs we expefted from trading with the 
 Colonies, that they were freed from 
 the taxes impofed upon the generality 
 of Englilh fubjefts, I thought thatj^ 
 fince they not only deprived us of thefe 
 advantages, but alfo beftowed them 
 upon our enemies, they were no more 
 irititled to privileges and favours from 
 us. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 It has been obferved, that thofe who 
 aim at ufurping the fovereignty over a 
 free people, have always the words, re^ 
 gulation, order, and legal authority in 
 their mouth, and branding their oppo- 
 fers with the name of abettors of dif- 
 orders, anarchy, and rebellion. It is 
 
 D »^ alfo 
 
I 50 ] 
 
 alfo known, that all dark attempts 
 upon the long enjoyed iiberties of t 
 people are of the moft dangerous na^ 
 ture ; fince even barefaced delpotifm 
 
 has limits which cannot be pafled with- 
 out the immediate ruin of the rafti ty- 
 irant 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 
 This is the new language of the 
 Americans, but the fentiments it half 
 exprefles have been always in their 
 hearth 5 for the founders of the Colonies 
 carried over the pretended enthufiafm 
 for liberty of the hypocrite Crom- 
 well. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Why do you not fay in plain words, 
 
 like the other partifans of opprefTion, 
 
 3 that 
 
i St ] 
 
 ^ thefc firft CoioiMfts were the di-egs 
 of a fanatic party, Whofe chief had 
 dared to teach mankind that the fWbrd 
 is the laft argument of an injured peo- 
 ple, and the beft leflbn of unjuft Mo^ 
 narchs? Are you afraid of fome ani- 
 madverfions on the imprudence of 
 having provoked ^ race animated by 
 fuch f'"^:timents ? 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 I did not expedt that our meeting 
 would be produdlive of thefe violent 
 altercations. Let us leave this ofFenfive 
 way of fupporting different opinions 
 in the poffedion of the living, and by 
 amicable arguments prove ourfelves 
 worthy of this blefled abode. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 I am all paffive 6bediehce j and will 
 
 r 
 
 D 2 
 
 evci\ 
 

 [ p 3 
 
 even praifc the ingenuity of an Englifli 
 writer who has juft now difcovered, 
 '* tha: Kings are not only of divine infti- 
 tuticn, but aifo veiled with an abfolute 
 power over the liberties, properties^ 
 and lives of 4heirfubjedbs; who, inftead 
 of complaining when he takes from 
 them fome, or the greateft part, of thefc 
 bleflings, fhould be thankful for the 
 
 remainder." 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 It is undoubtedly the foil of Bedlam 
 that has produced fuch abfurdities. 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 
 It is a real misfortune for honcft men, 
 who are confcious of fupporting a good 
 caufe, to fee it thus difgraccd by im- 
 pertinence and folly, 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
E 53 I 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 TKey muft not then truft its defence 
 t® mercenary writers, who, like auxi- 
 liary troops, fight not for glory, care 
 not for fuccefs, and fear notdifhonour*, 
 but prompted only by a baft intercfty 
 either perfidioufly defert the field, or 
 extravagantly advance, without once re- 
 fiedling o.i the embarraffment and con- 
 fufion into which they may throw theic 
 employers. 
 
 GRENVrLLE. 
 
 But a ftatefman, who has bellowed 
 many days and nights of profound me- 
 ditation upon an ufeful fyftem, is not 
 anfwerable for the errors and mifchiefs 
 that wicked nefs and want of confidera^- 
 lion may draw from it. 
 
 D3 
 
 MONT- 
 
I $4 3 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 He cannot be entirely deemed guilt- 
 lefs of them, who, by being too in- 
 tent on political prolpefts, has loft 
 light of hurpanity; and when in his cal- 
 culations he has neglefted the rules of 
 juftice. O Grenville! if you had 
 viewed the Americans with impartial 
 eyes, you would not have conlidered 
 them as the d^fcendants of miierable 
 outcafts, who had become by the 
 bounties of England a flouriihing) and 
 ungrateful, people. Their fo much 
 defpifed anceftors would have appeared 
 to you a fct of refolute and induftrious 
 nien, who intrepidly penetrated into a 
 dreadful wildernefs to fight with lavage 
 monfters, and to ftruggle againft a 
 barren foil. A look on Pennfylvania 
 would have raifed in you (as it does in 
 
 all 
 
C 55 ] 
 
 aM civilized mankind) the remei^brance 
 of the golden age. The whole afped 
 of a country unhappily expofed to the 
 baneful influence of the North, fatally 
 doocped to be the Hril fcene of war in 
 every European contention, pleads in 
 favour of its inhabitants, whofe cou- 
 rage, induftry, and fiercenefs had over- 
 come all thefe difficulties, and deferved 
 not to be checked in an undertaking. 
 Lie profit of which would have always 
 been reaped by England, if impatient 
 avidity had not deftroyed its own food. 
 What, in fadl, can you now expefl: 
 from our forlaken fields ? our half- 
 burned towns ? On whom will you lay 
 your taxes if we fpill for a juft freedom 
 the laft drop of our blood ? Will you 
 fell our unproteftcd wives, our wretched 
 -- D 4 children 
 
t 56 ] 
 
 chilcjren for flaves, and repliingc AmCr 
 rica in her former defblation f 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 
 Forbid it, Heaven, that things ftiould 
 come to fuch extremities ! But feelings 
 are not arguments : . anfwer me two 
 iimple queftions ; Had not North Ame- 
 rica refounded with murmurs againft 
 England, long before I propofed to 
 raife a revenue from that country? 
 "Was not almoft every Colony carrying 
 on a fmuggling trade with the neigh- 
 bouring nations, in contempt of all the 
 ftipulations by which they had obtained 
 our protedibn and their charters ? 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 I could tell you, that we depended 
 upon no charters, but the glorious one 
 , • of 
 
 V 
 
t 57 ] 
 
 of your, and then our own, excellent 
 conftitution J that, if our fore-fathers 
 had thought convenient to accept of 
 thefe private charters, we were no more 
 bound to rely upon them as our only 
 fupport, than a man to make ufe of his 
 crutches when cured of his lamenefs :• 
 but this would be expofing myfelf to 
 the reprimand of Wolfe; and I am 
 defirous to convince him, and you too, 
 if poffible, that juftice, reafon, and' 
 equity, are on our fide. We groaned, 
 indeed, under the burthen of an odious,; 
 unlimited monopoly, and cruel reftraints ; 
 but we fubmitted to them. Far from 
 encouraging thofe who tried to fliake^ 
 off this yoke, we dealt with them very 
 feverely. It cannot be fuppofed that in 
 a country, ftill overcharged with the 
 debts contrafted fox fupporting the late 
 ,". . . -, Var, 
 
! s8 ] 
 
 waiv and obliged to mmtm a ftanding 
 irmy in the heart of peace, none of 
 tills foit of delinquents fhoiild be found, 
 when they fwarni in profpemus and rich 
 England; but how unmercifully were 
 thofe ufed, who having efcaped the vi- 
 gilance of our magiftrates, fcU into the 
 hands of the officer^ of the cuftorm ! 
 How many wretched men, who, from 
 having calculated that a liule more gain 
 upon their very fmall ftores would help 
 them to fupport their numerous family, 
 and ventured upon thefc prohibited ex- 
 curfions, have brought back defolation 
 and ruin, inftead of relief, to their in- 
 nocent and helplefs children ! 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 
 The fufFerings of fome individuals 
 
 are not to be put in the balance againft 
 
 the public good* 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 { 
 
i 59 ] 
 
 WOLFEp 
 
 It is but too true, there arc evils in 
 fociety which cannot be avoided. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Then that inftitution is the beft which 
 hath found the means of alleviating 
 the greater number of thefe evils. AncJ 
 why fhould thofe men who are our 
 brethren, who even call us by a ftill 
 more endearing name, aim at depriving 
 us of the benefits arifing from fa happy 
 an inftitution ? Yes, noble Wolfe, the 
 Englifti fo long renowned for their na- 
 tural generofity, and accounted to be 
 the moft inveterate enemies of ty- 
 ranny, had eftablilhed in America fe- 
 veral pretended courts of juft ice, which 
 were, in faft, worfe than the odious 
 
 tribunal of the Spanilh Inquifition. 
 
 Wc 
 
 { 
 
f 6d ] 
 
 We had a court of Admiralty, which 
 gave its fandion for breaking into the 
 afylum of our houfes without any fdrt^ 
 
 of formalities ; and this upon the faith of 
 a bafe informer whofe name was con- 
 cealed, and whofe malice was protefted; 
 even after, the full detedlion of his 
 falfliood. As the officers of the fame 
 tribunal had no other means of fubfift- 
 ance but their captures, they fell upon 
 every fliip and boat, as the falcons 
 upon their prey, in hope of finding a 
 delinquent ; and often vented the grief 
 of difappointment upon the fair dealer, 
 whofe ftore they detained till it was 
 fpoiled, or the fcafon of conveying ic^ 
 paft. We were deprived of the trial: 
 by jury: a ftanding magiftracy, as a^ 
 Handing army, was our lot. Our' 
 judges were no more out of the reach 
 
 . . of 
 
C 6x ] 
 
 pf corruption; they were not only rii 
 the danger, but even under the necefiity^ 
 of yielding to it, whenever it might have 
 fiiited the power to which they owed 
 their precarious eflablidiment and main* 
 tenance. Inftead of being governed by 
 mild and equitable laws, we were to have 
 an imperious, and who is generally, an un- 
 juft mafter, who would have the fupre- 
 macy over all our tyrants, aflert the right 
 of declaring new kinds of crimes; of taking 
 away our ancient privileges •, of forbid- 
 ding us to aflemble, to ipeak, to write, 
 and even to think ; and who, on any 
 doubt of his legiflative authority^ might 
 be empowered, by his military forces, to 
 adt like Mahomet, and to fay, Iward 
 in hand, "Believe, or die!" 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Thefe are indeed infufferable griev- 
 2 ancesj 
 
ances; but you cannot place tfhem td 
 the charge of Grenvilte, Whofe horror 
 agakift. corruption, and whdfe love foi* 
 juftice, hffvc been irtcontcftably proved 
 by the A& which has inlmortali2ed his 
 na^e* 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 1 arraign not the heart, but the judg- 
 ment of my enemy ; I deny not that he 
 was an upright patriot, but I complain 
 that he has retrenched the Englifh of 
 America from the rights and even the 
 rank of his countrymen, and refufed 
 to bellow his good-will and even pity 
 upon them. 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 What pity was owing ro a people, 
 who with the fame breath poured out 
 jiumble remonftrances and infotent 
 
 .. threats? 
 
 t-* jii^ 
 
t 65 1 
 
 threats? Would you think, Wolfc^ 
 that thefe Arwericans for whom Montt 
 gortjery endeavours to excite our cotn- 
 padion, are the very fame individuals 
 who dragged from their houfes the col- 
 lectors of the taxes and burned their 
 public offices •, offered to their pretended 
 oppreffors every kind of infult and ill 
 treatment ; threw away the property of 
 private perfons with whom they had no 
 quarrel; and, at laft, aflerted all the 
 prerogatives of fovertignty. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Was it not time for us thus to exert 
 ourfelves? Were we^ to wdt for the 
 treatment which, according to Herodo- 
 tus* the Scythians made their (laves 
 undergo, whofe eyes they put out in 
 order that they might mofe clofely at- 
 ^ . . . tend 
 
I ii . i , || J | ». i mnuim i gji 
 
 [ 64 1 
 
 tend to their daily occupation of beat- 
 ing milk for their matters ufe. Indeed 
 we were not far from that condition ; 
 you had chained our commerce, taken 
 away our laws, and bade us work merely 
 to pay your taxes. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 All this jufl-ifies not the aft of vio- 
 lence committed againft a diflreiTed 
 Company. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Diftreflcd Company ! when in the 
 fpace of three years they have difcharged 
 four millions of their debts! No, this 
 pretended diftrcfs feems to be only a 
 fcheme formed againft us*, the miniftry 
 wanted to make us fwallow their ufurped 
 power of taxing us with this tea, and 
 tried to fubduc us by. commifcration 
 .^ • before 
 
t «5 1 
 
 before they ufed force, in order to ren- 
 der their proceedings lefs odious. 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 
 He will foon aflert, that the malked 
 perpetrators of this brutal action were 
 fecret emiflaries of the government 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 You might be, perhaps, very much 
 
 embarraflcd to prove the contrary. But 
 I have a lefs litigious excufe to alledge. 
 Suppofe that fome wary men among us 
 feeing all the extent of the danger, and 
 fearing that this objedt of luxury might 
 prove too powerful for the fex whofe in- 
 fluence upon us is the fame every where, 
 had in their patriotic zeal and juft in- 
 dignation thrown away the tempting 
 bait ; was their prudence to be deemed 
 an unpardonable crime ? 
 
 E wolfe;. 
 
 % 
 
I 
 
 C 66 ] 
 
 WOLFE. 
 At l(«ft you fiould have made a re- 
 compence to th'; injured party. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 We had no time to take the matter 
 into fcrious confideration, before the 
 port of Bofton w^a fhut up ; and then 
 it was not dif&cuk to judge that the 
 price of this iU-fated tea was the lead 
 wo wece fentenced to give. Thus felf- 
 prefervation obliged us to enter the def« 
 poratc road which kads to independence 
 or deftruftion ; a road, which many 
 people m our circumftances have trod- 
 den before us, with various fuccefs in^ 
 detdi but always with the approbation 
 of the wife and Spirited part of man- 
 lund« 4 
 
 1JI-- 
 
 GREN- 
 
I 6? ] 
 
 GRfeNVtLLE. 
 
 If men were iii their primitive condi- 
 tion^ I confefs that cheyr could not at- 
 tempt forcibly to get or to maintain a 
 fuperiority over each other without in- 
 curring the blame due to violence and 
 opprefTion, But from the time they 
 preferred the amiable tie of fociety to 
 their favage freedom, they fubmitted to 
 the yoke of fubordination, without 
 which there can be neither liberty nor 
 fafety for them, firce their connexiori 
 in one city rendered it the more necef- 
 fary to curb their ferocious nature. To 
 fay that laws unfupported by power 
 may be obeyed, is only a jargon that 
 poets lare wel:ome to afcribe to the 
 demi-gods of their fiftitious golden 
 age i but which is totally unknown in 
 
 Ea 
 
 the 
 
ii 
 
 I «8 ] 
 
 tTie true annals of mankind What a 
 wifdom acquired by experience has 
 taught us, is, to take care that thofe 
 who are intrufted with the authority of 
 enforcing the laws, Ihould not themfel ves 
 violate them to the prejudice of the 
 multitude. Among the nations who 
 have made their own laws, none has 
 ever given a better inftance of a found 
 judgment than ours. The Englifti can- 
 not be too jealous of their excellent 
 conftitution, fince it is the beft fyftem 
 that could be imagined to keep men in 
 order without enflaving them. But the 
 Americans fliould have reflefted on the 
 difference that there is between keeping 
 the fubjefts 6f thefe laws in their duty, 
 and tyrannifing over them, before they 
 had proclaimed their pretended wrongs 
 se the world. We find in our records 
 
 «• t.>4 
 
 of 
 
at a 
 
 las 
 
 [ 6y J 
 
 of every reign, that a fpirit of mutirtjr' 
 has prevailed in the Colonics from their* 
 firft eftabliihment, to which the Englilh^ 
 government has conftantly oppofed mild 
 reprimands, joined to innumerable be-' 
 nefits. What have been the confe- 
 quences of this condudi:? By thefe 
 bounties which they difclaim, by the 
 advantages they have reaped from the 
 very monopoly of which they complain, 
 the Colonifts have incredibly encreafed 
 in number, in wealth, and, unhappily, 
 in rebellious difpofitions. No fooner 
 has their want of fupport ceafed, than- 
 they have aimed at independence. 
 They had given many premature and 
 incautious tokens of their intentions,, 
 when our inconfiderate debates elated 
 their hopes, and caufed them to raife 
 the ftandard of revok. What can a 
 
 E 3 fovercigni, 
 
 tK 
 
[ 7P ] 
 
 foijeireign, anfwer^bfe for ^1 the ftatct 
 inttwfted to his care, do in fucb circum- 
 ftapces? Was he to comply with the 
 feditious demanids of the rebels, in order 
 to biqt 9 temporary aa well as dilhor. 
 nourable peace at the riiik of ftrengthen- 
 ing then|\ by an ill placed lenity ^ He 
 could not gain their obdurate heart by 
 his goodnefs, but might by a. long for- 
 bearance have irretrievably loft a coun- 
 try, for the prefervation of which the 
 
 i. 
 
 b^ft blood o( his faithful fubjeds had 
 been fpilkd Was he obliged to cor- 
 rupt thp majority of the Parliament to 
 make them decide that this forbearance 
 would have been imprudent in the 
 higheft degree ? Was it not for the con- 
 trary decifion that a bribe (hould have 
 been necefiary to blind men verfed in 
 politics, or endued with common fenfe, 
 
 in 
 
C 7t ] 
 
 in regard t6 thefr chVa inter^ft ? TRnil 
 loak upon the Americans as the gmlty 
 authors 6f this uhbappy ^at^ unA of 
 their 6wn ifiifer/. Ai ta me, I fiw 
 them iri the point of vieW in ^hich I 
 repreicM thetft. I morebver confiderc<$ 
 that it was but juft they fhould partake 
 the biH^then of the Englifii natioi^, fihcef 
 they were eom^rifed i«i it ; and pay tbefir 
 (hare of a^ debt contraf^ed for a war in* 
 which they were^ at kaft> as mttch m^ 
 tcreftcd as oiirfelves. I foUnd that th6y 
 pleaded poverty in the midft of afflu- 
 ence, that they refufed to tax them* 
 fclvcs, and I taxed them, as IWduld 
 have done the counties of Middkfex- 
 and Surry in ar fimilai* cafe^ 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Oh! there is n& doubt that thefe 
 
 E 4 V counties. 
 
[7^ I 
 
 counties, and all the counties of Great 
 Britain will be treated in that arbitrary 
 manner, if the attempt upon American 
 liberty fucceeds 5 then, the majority of 
 their reprefentatives will probably awaken 
 from their dangerous dream, and feeing 
 the horrid precipice gaping before their 
 feci, will affert the prerogative of con- 
 ferring and deliberating on the good of the 
 nation, to which the word Parliament in- 
 titles them, as have our aflemblies. Our 
 crime, our only crime is to have refufed 
 giving up this prerogative. The mem« 
 bers of the provincial aflemblies which 
 conftkuted our reprefentation, were not 
 feduced into paffive obedience; they 
 durft fpeak, and faid, " You never had 
 " taxed us, becaufe you thought that the 
 " innumerable reftraints which you had 
 " put upon our comnicrcc were fufficicnt 
 
 " taxes i 
 
 c« 
 
?ing 
 
 (C 
 
 4C 
 
 [ 73 J 
 
 "taxes; becaufe our voluntary grants 
 were more profitable than taxes, fince 
 they pafled not through the rapacious 
 " hands of colleftors, whofe number 
 *^ muft neceflarily increafe in proportion 
 " of the diftance in which the country 
 " taxed ftands from the feat of fove- 
 " reignty." Let us now examine your 
 motives for this innovation. You fay, 
 that the late war was made on our ac- 
 count ! Certainly you had as good rea- 
 fons for preferving us, as other ftates, in, 
 defence of which you have ftrained 
 your abilities to the utmoft. You fay, 
 that we muft pay our (hare towards a 
 debt contrafted for that war! Have 
 you not acknowledged that we have 
 overpaid it, by returning us fome of 
 the fums the bulk of which ftill prefles 
 us down ? You fay,— *^ No more of 
 
 « thcfc 
 
[ 74 ] 
 
 " th^fe infolent expoftulations," ex- 
 claim our mighty lords of the mi- 
 niftry 5 " We do what we think pro- 
 ** per J tax yoiirfelTcs according to our 
 *^ will and pfcaftire, or let your rebcl- 
 *V liourailemblies bedi£blved -, our ears 
 ^« have been long unaccuftomed tode- 
 ** nial." — " And thofe of freeborn men 
 ^' to abfolute commands,'* anfwer the 
 Americans. Thence, brave Wolfe, 
 
 arofe the difpute which, has caufed this 
 flxameful war between brethren, to the 
 great joy of the common enemies ; and 
 you may eafily judge which of the two 
 parties was the aggreflbr. It is needlefs 
 to reply more minutely to the oraticp> 
 or rather inveftives of Grenville, for 1 
 have anticipated his ftronger arguments. 
 I cannot help* however, remarking, that 
 he has^ faid nothing in favour ^ the 
 
 new 
 
 :'<f 
 
ex- 
 
 mi- 
 pro- 
 Dour 
 ebcl- 
 
 ears 
 ode- 
 men 
 
 the 
 oWc^ 
 
 this 
 
 ^ the 
 
 and 
 
 two 
 llefs 
 icn^ 
 >rl 
 
 har 
 {he 
 
 w 
 
 ew 
 
 .[ 75 ] 
 
 new courts of juftice which had taken 
 place of our old ones, and has omitted 
 to explain why the Engliih government, 
 inftead of applying the taxes we will- 
 ingly pay and thofe we were forcibly 
 to pay, to the urgent neccffity of the 
 nation, deftiqed them to the purpofe of 
 keeping a military force in our thea 
 peaceful cauntry^ 
 
 GRENVILLE, 
 
 - "What I have faid in regard to your 
 mutinous inclinations anfwers thefc two 
 articles. You deferved to, be treated 
 with rigour, and it was prudent t;o keep 
 you in awe. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 By what code of penal laws is the 
 criminal obliged to find the rods with 
 which he is to be fcourgcd ? But can 
 
 you 
 
[ 76 ] 
 
 you fay that we deferved to be kepr 
 under the edge of the fword at the very 
 time when the letters of our, not over- 
 kind governors, were filled with the 
 praifc of our good behaviour ? When 
 we had fought with you for the common 
 
 quarrel with a much applauded ar- 
 dour? 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 
 Then, this (landing army was kept 
 partly to defend you againft the entcr- 
 prifes of the enemy. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 What enemies remained in North 
 America ? Had not Wolfe given them 
 the laft blow at Quebec ? Were not the 
 conquered Canadians fecured to yonr 
 intcreft by the grant of their civil and 
 religious liberties, which has been fincc 
 t fokmnly 
 
t T7 1 
 
 folemnly confirmed beyond their de- 
 mand, or even their hope ? 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 
 I heard that the Quebec-Bill was ill 
 digefted by the Americans ; but you 
 were afliamed to make them aflert fo 
 foon the right of controlling thofe, 
 who, at leaft, may adt as they pleafe in 
 things that concern them not* 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 I afTure you that this aftonifhing ^ 
 fanftion given to a government and ^ 
 religion, both reprobated by our laws, 
 was a matter of great concern to us, 
 fince by reafcn of our vicinity to this fo 
 much indulged people, the contagion 
 
 of their bad principles, whether in poli- 
 tics or belief, might have reached us. 
 
 WOLFK. 
 
 ^«> 
 
i ?8 ] 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 What principle could you imbibe 
 worfe, than that of looking upon the 
 pubKc faith as not binding? Who is 
 th« foVereign that could find a brave 
 general to commami hi^ army, if he 
 were to recompenfe his fcrvices with 
 difhonoiir by breaking a capitulation 
 which he had intitled him to accept? A 
 prince in the late war could not tamely 
 bear this injury from his r6yal father. 
 In (hort, it is my opinion that the ho- 
 nour and equity of the Quebec-Bill is a 
 full compenfatiori fOi all the inconve- 
 niences that may arife frorti it. 
 
 MONTGOMERY! 
 
 A fimple toleration, and not a/olemn 
 
 JanBion was required, and would have 
 
 ..' . v^ been 
 
 .jt^' 
 
[ 79 ] 
 
 been fufficient in this cafe, without 
 being dangerous. 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 
 Do you reckon it for nothing to calm 
 the fears of a people, and to infure 
 their peace ? 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 I fee that the Englifh are like the 
 Romans, more jull as conquerors than 
 as legiflators ; this will prevent my un- 
 eafinefs upon the fate of the Ameri- 
 cans. 
 
 < 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Each of you has fo much irtf^refted 
 me for the party he has defended, that 
 my moft ardent wifh is to find fome 
 means of reconciliation between them. 
 I know you have refpeftivcly urged 
 * your 
 
I So ] 
 
 your arguments in the fincerity of your 
 hearts, although it has appeared to me 
 that both of you entertain fentiments 
 too much in the extreme ; but the beft 
 way to efFeft a re-Union between friends, 
 is to leave out of the treaty the men- 
 tioning of their rights and wrongs. 
 This Ihould be your talk, good Gren- 
 
 VILLE. 
 
 GRENVILLE. 
 I ihould make but an indifferent 
 conciliator, it is not my talent; but 
 behold Char LEsTowNSHEND, he is the 
 very man for your purpofe. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 ' I have been in fcarch of you every 
 where, Grbnville •, who could h^ve 
 luppofcd you in this company ? Some 
 
 »I^Vf 
 
 very 
 
[ 8r 3 
 
 very intercfting news is juft arrived 
 from the other world, upon which our 
 chofen fociety have aflembled in the 
 myrtle grove and impatiently wait for 
 you. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Then I muft retire under the weeping 
 willow ; for furely this eagernefs an- 
 nounces a new defeat of the Anicri- 
 cans. 
 
 ittercnt 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 ; but 
 
 I never fliall rejoice in their misfor- 
 
 : is the 
 
 tune, but on the contrary fincerely 
 
 
 pity them. 
 
 «- 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 everv 
 
 Will you anfwer this profcOion by 
 
 * 
 
 h^ve 
 
 meeting Montgomery and me in this 
 
 Some 
 
 arbour, in order to contrive th? meang. 
 
 F of 
 
I 8z ] 
 
 of making an happy and lafting peace 
 between the two contending branches 
 of one family. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 With all my heart 5 as foon as I have 
 parted with my friends. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 In the mean time do not lavifli too 
 much of your pity upon the Colonies, 
 left you Ihould want fome for England, 
 which, whether conqueror or conquered, 
 cannot but deferve it. 
 
 P ^ 
 
 ■ / 
 
 End of tihe ceco:id Dialogue. 
 
DIALOGUE III. 
 
 BE T WE E N 
 
 GENERAL WOLFE, 
 
 GENERAL MONTGOMERY, 
 
 CHARLES TOWNSHEND, 
 
 . AND 
 
 DAVID HUME. 
 
 F 2 
 
 I '*• 
 
DIALOGUE III. 
 
 BETWEEN 
 
 GENERAL WOLFE, 
 
 GENERAL MONTGOMERY, 
 
 CHARLES TOWNSHEND, 
 
 AND 
 
 DAVID HUME. 
 
 ■-«» 
 
 WOLFE, 
 
 WHAT can be the rcafon of your 
 reludlance to meet Charles 
 TowNSHEND, when you were fo eager 
 to encounter Grenville, whofe known 
 
 F 3 firmnefs 
 
;f 
 
 [ 86 ] 
 
 firmnefs in his principles (hould have 
 made him appear to you a far more 
 dangerous advcrfary ? 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 I am fenfible that I have neither afpe- 
 rity, nor morofenefs, to fear from 
 TowN$HEND in this cafe; for, as he 
 was not an enemy of the Americans 
 from convidlion that they were in the 
 wrong, but from a defire of being 
 thought to be himfelf always in the 
 right, he cannot have brought hither 
 any fort of prejudice aga'inft them. It 
 is only with th^ fubjcdl we fliall dif- 
 courfe on, that I am difpieafed. 
 
 wolfb:. 
 
 Is the word of peace fo difagreeable 
 to your cars i 
 
 MONT- 
 
■iV"?' 
 
 I 87 ] 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 It is infupportable to me, when I re- 
 fledt how difheartening it may prove to 
 the Americans, whofe coura'^ lepends 
 on the thought, that nothi their 
 
 own valour and conftancy cau extricate 
 them from the evils in which they are 
 involved. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Do you think that their re-union 
 with England is incompatible with their 
 happinefs ? > 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 I am confcious it is fo ; and confe- 
 quently wifti that they may not be de- 
 ceived into a belief, which would more 
 effectually caufe their ruin than the 
 arms of their prefent enemies, or even 
 an invafion from the French. 
 
 F4 WOLFE. 
 

 
 > 
 
 IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TlbST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 ^/ 
 
 
 tf 
 
 1.0 ^lii 1^ 
 
 ■tt Itt 12.2 
 
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 1.4 il.6 
 
 lUit 
 
 Photographic 
 
 Sciences 
 
 Corporation 
 
 23 WIST 
 WIMTIR 
 
 (7U) 
 
 MAIN STRUT 
 ,N.Y. 14SM 
 171-4303 
 

 i 
 
[ 88 3 
 
 WOLFE. 
 How can you advance fueh a pa- 
 radox? Can there be any evil com- 
 parable to that of being fubdued by a 
 people who are not accidentally, but by 
 fyftem, tyrannical ? 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Thofe who have tafted the fweets of 
 Liberty can be no longer endaved, 
 than till they get ftrength enough to re- 
 cover their lofs. Now fuppofe that the 
 Americans fliould be entirely overcome 
 by the Englilh forces, would not the 
 hope of afferting again their natural 
 rights, be infinitely more precarious 
 when under the fcourge of revenge, 
 than when fubje&ed to new mailers 
 whofe tendernefs for their Colonies is 
 well known? 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 k 
 
[ 8? ] 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 But the French government aflerfe 
 the right of afting arbitrarily^ and this 
 is the moft infufFerable pretenfion. 
 
 MONTGOMiERY. 
 
 Is it not worfe to do wrong with ac- 
 knowledging that we have no right of 
 doing it, than to afcertain this odious 
 right without makhrg any ufe of it ? 
 
 WOLFE. 
 I fee TowNSHEND haftening to us ; 
 let us wave all thefe litigious topics, 
 and endeavour to fettle matters ami- 
 cably. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 To fay that I mourn at the new fuc-* 
 cefs of Britain in Americia, is not a 
 compliment to you, Montgomery; 
 
 for, 
 
[ 90 1 
 
 for, as you have judicioufly obferved, 
 .a war between old friends admits of na 
 triumphs. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 There ifi no cauie yet for triumphing 
 or joy, on either fide. A body of cool 
 and well-difcipUned troops have availed 
 themfelves of the unruly ardour of 
 men who fought in defence of their 
 country, families, nay, of their very 
 cxiftence ; they difperfed them, and of 
 courfe have taken an unguarded town, 
 a place acceflible to men of war as 
 well as to troops j they afterwards 
 gained fomc .er little advantages, 
 but at the expence of torrents of their 
 own blood i where is the wonder of all 
 this ? Have not the unikilkd Americans 
 equalled thefe mighty atchievements, 
 
 by 
 
r 9' I 
 
 by reputing the ErtglKh fleets during 
 two ye^rs, deftroyiog their fliips, re- 
 taking Bofton, and forcing their haughty 
 governor to fneak off in confufion and 
 difmay?. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 But, what can compenftte for their 
 mifcarriage before Quebec ? The ardent 
 zeal you preferve for their caufc, and 
 the bravery with which you fupported 
 their quarrel, renders it very difficult 
 for them to fet a juft value upon their 
 lofs. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 That lofs, which you :^rc pleafed ta 
 over-rate, has been repaired by other 
 Generals as much attached to their in- 
 tereft as myftlf i and) I hope, more 
 
 cautious 
 
'•/'•rmmrw^l^^'Sf. 
 
 [ 9» ] 
 
 » 
 
 cautious againfl; thofe aAs of perfid/ 
 which have been decorated by the name^ 
 of militaty ftratagems^ 
 
 TOWNSHENa 
 
 But did you really depend upon tb& 
 Canadians whofe religious ceremonies 
 you had derided, without confidering 
 that this of all infults is the laft for- 
 given among men ? 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 This fault came from a fource which 
 is, I think, not unknown to you; from 
 the defire of equally pleafing the two 
 adverfe parties. Thus in order to ob- 
 tain the favour of the Englifh inhabi- 
 tants of Canada, we cenfured the fu- 
 perftitious rites of the French, whofe 
 
 intereft we courted afterwards by in- 
 dulging 
 
t 93 ] 
 
 bulging them in their pious pageandies. 
 I cannot fay that I approved this piece 
 of policy, always dangerous, and often 
 attended with the moft pernicious con- 
 fequences. 
 
 TOWNS HEN D. 
 
 You may refledt, but too juftljr,*^ 
 upon my conduft in i-egard tathe Ame- 
 rican taxes ; 1 am very far from juftify- 
 ing it, although I ftill hoU its .princi- 
 ples good; for, I think the duty of .a 
 focial being is to Ilrengthen the tie of 
 fociety, by endeavouring to pleafe every 
 one, and I look upon ^ fatisfadtion 
 he feels at being admired, as the juft 
 reward of his trouble. It is true, the 
 moft laudable fentiment&inay be canied 
 too far, and this was my cafe when I 
 
 f ropofed the rcaewal of thefe fatd 
 
 caxes4 
 
 
[ 
 
 
 6 
 
 t 9* 1 
 
 tasGcs. I am not) hcmev^r^ mihcm 
 cxciife on this pditit; for I made To 
 fnany amendnnents in the Bill, all fa- 
 vourable to thtf Aitttric^ns, that 1 could 
 not forefee they would be exafpcrated 
 4?y it. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 You gilded indeed the bitter pill, 
 'but could not render it palatable ; be- 
 caofe k is as impofliblc to reconcile 
 $ajfwe obedience mth, freedom^ as infant^ 
 'With honour j and becaufe our too well 
 awakened watchfulnefs took the alarm 
 -at the leaft appearance of danger. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 This vigilance in your chiefs is not 
 •fo praifed by feverd Americans, as it is 
 by you. They afcribe it to a fecret 
 
 motive. 
 
iihcm 
 
 adc fo 
 all fa- 
 could 
 erated 
 
 r pill, 
 ' ; be- 
 loncile 
 rnfanty 
 o well 
 alarm 
 
 IS not 
 \s it is 
 fecrct 
 lOtivc, 
 
 t 95 1 
 
 motive, far different from that which it 
 given out for the true one. They pre* 
 tend, that your famous Congrefs is lefs 
 intended as a bulwark againlB: tyranny, 
 than as a fupport to an Ariftocracy, 
 which hath already given many inftances 
 of the arbitrary difpofition juftly im- 
 puted to that kind of government. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Was ever a laudable undertakings 
 
 generally approved even by thofe who 
 
 are to reap the fruit of it ? We have 
 
 Jlothful brothers who lay a claim to the 
 
 common inheritance, to defend whiclv 
 they would not willingly advance a ftep 
 forward 5 we have falfe ones always 
 ready to fell the publk: intereft in order 
 to obtain for themfelves a precarious 
 welfare ; but this is the common fate of 
 6 €very 
 
1 
 
 t 96 ] 
 
 every nation at its firft rife to inde- 
 pendence, and we fubmit to it. , 
 
 TOWN.SHEND. 
 
 Not very patiently, as it is reported; 
 but, indeed, what i: faid of your into- 
 lerance muft be exaggerated ; for you 
 could not thus tranigrefs the rules you 
 Jet to others. 
 
 . MONTGOMERY. 
 
 This is not the time for entering into 
 the particulars of our conduct in this 
 :refpe6b, and I fhall content myfelf with 
 explaining the fpirit of it, which is very 
 far irom being arbitrary. It is well 
 known, that all the Englifh Colonies in 
 North America have concurred in the 
 neceflary meafures for letting themfelves 
 free irom prefent oppreffion, and pre- 
 
 vcntir^g 
 
C 97 1 
 
 venting future flavery. The wife few 
 have, undoubtedly, influenced the ^ddy 
 multitude in this refolution, from which 
 they now cannot recede without falling 
 into the jaws of deftruftion. Is it not 
 then the duty of thefe prudent leaders 
 to contain in due bounds thofe diey 
 command, when, from a wavering and 
 inconfiftent temper they excite trouble, 
 and threaten divilion ? Have they not 
 the right to do it, at leaft till the great 
 work which aflembled them is per- 
 formed ? If this could be denied, the 
 unthinking and fickle vulgar would 
 never be refcued from oppreffive hands 
 by the advice of feleft and judicious 
 men, who would, with juft reafon, re- 
 fufe venturing their own quiet to no 
 purpofe. This prerogative that Reafon 
 has over folly, was unqueltionable 
 
 G , among 
 
1 98 J 
 
 o^ri6ri^ tht Rottiteins, vAto certainly 
 i^figNc feds^ of entir«^ fmdotn in the 
 fldurflhing time of their republic. 
 The right of refolvii^ iipon a war was 
 vefted ih the people, but when once 
 Holder the ftandards of their General^ 
 ^€y could not change their minds.; 
 for the l^ft token of pufiUanioiity or 
 disobedience was ipunifhed by a rigo- 
 YfMS decimation, to which they often 
 willing:ly oflfered tbemfelves, althongh 
 they ^v?ere capable of pulling down the 
 csipitol upon the heads of ^e fenators 
 on, the occafipn of a new arbijraiy tax^ 
 fp well th<y knew how to make the dif- 
 ference between a lawful authority and 
 an lifiirited power. 
 
 TOWN&HEND. 
 
 ladkmiwfcdge my error, and&cwild 
 -te-ytiy wilteng toatonefor it. • 
 
 MONT- 
 
ily 
 
 C W ] 
 
 ^tOWTGOMERY, 
 'This conceffion ig worthy of your 
 ti(Afefntnd. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 The narrow compafs of ob^i^acy 
 c;api;iot contain a generous foul. As to 
 inc, I have given up the point for 
 which I firft contended with Montqo- 
 M^RV ; I now Ipotk wppn him ^s my 
 brother, and in this quality intreat him 
 to forget all paft injuries, and to turn 
 h\$ thoughts entirely to the bleflings of 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 I fee no profpeift of accommodatioii 
 %>ecween the contending parties ; but ( 
 ^n foretdl^l what ¥^11 bd called peace if 
 the Americans ace fubdued. The taxes 
 be remitted to them for a fpace» 
 
 G a 
 
 becaufe 
 
^^becaufe they are now unable "^to pay 
 them \ but a watchful garrifon will^be 
 placed in every one of their principal 
 cities. Some trifling indulgences will 
 be fliown them, in order to revive their 
 laborious difpofition and their induftry. 
 In the mean time their wary, and then 
 multiplied governors, will obferve, with 
 the hundred eyes of Argus, the progrefs 
 of their pblitical ftrength, and double 
 every day the fcore which t;hey ynll 
 have to difcharge on their perffeft reco- 
 very. Oh ! before the glorious under- 
 taking of reftoring America to its natu- 
 ral (late of independence fhould come 
 to fuch an end, may all its inhabitants 
 perifli to the laft man ! The fword which 
 has been unflicathed for the caufe of 
 liberty, mud never drop from the hand 
 of its bearer, but when he falls himfelf 
 
 lifelefs 
 
c 
 
 lOI 
 
 ] 
 
 lifelefs on the very ground his courage: 
 has kept free. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 But, why do you fuppofe the Englilh 
 capable of making fo ungenerous an 
 ufage of their fuccefles ? On the con- 
 trary, ! hope they will avail themfelves 
 of the fmiles with which fortune favours 
 them now, to (how a greatnefs of foul . 
 which would have been, perhaps, called 
 pufillanimity in other circumftances*. 
 I expert that they will redrefs all your 
 wrongs ; give back all your privileges % , 
 and reftore you to the condition in which ■> 
 you were before this unhappy quarrel. . 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 This would be a truce inftead of a 
 peace.- The feeds of contention muft 
 
 G 3. be. 
 
be flmked ^ta^ and not carefully e9verei 
 up for a new vegetation. No; the la^ 
 tent caufe of difcord is not to be fo 
 eafilyremovcdonthisoccafion. Nothing 
 but to rdkort the confticiition of Eng- 
 land to its primitive purity can infure 
 the peace of the fufajefb* Let the 
 Houfe of Commons be renewed every 
 three years^ as it was intended % let each 
 of the ihembers, who accepts a place 
 frohn court) lofe his icat for ever» or at 
 kaft a$ long as he holds that place, and 
 then ihnumerabte evils will he eradi- 
 cated. Then, our national aflemblics 
 will not be deemed feditious \ thofe who 
 compofe them, and who now are 
 branded with injurious epithets, will 
 be looked upon as a part of the ge- 
 neral reprefcntation, very willing to con- 
 cur with the other part in all the mca- 
 
 / fures 
 
[ ^^3 I 
 
 furcs tending to the glory of the Efi^ifli 
 name, and to the prolperity of all thqfe 
 who can boaft of it in what quarter fo- 
 cver of the world they may be. But 
 who is to make this reformation ? or 
 rather, to what power belongs the right 
 of giving it the fandion of authority ? 
 Oh ! the anfwer to this queftion is fo 
 truly difcouraging, that the moft ardejit 
 hope grows cold at the thought, and 
 flies away as a dream. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 You (hould not raife fo many diffi- 
 culties, left the Englifti government 
 ihould think proper to imitate the Ro- 
 mans, who, after their famous focial 
 war, granted the requefted privilege of 
 being called citizen of Rome, only to 
 fome of the confederate States, and re- 
 
 G 4 fufed 
 
I 104 ] 
 
 fufcd It to thofe who had been verf 
 forward in the revolt, in order that the 
 fpur of emulation might prompt them 
 to atone for paft offences. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Or rather to excite jealoufy and breed 
 diflenfions among them. But it is to 
 be confidered, that this tyrannical na- 
 tion could eafily fucceed by thofe little 
 arts with a people, who by reafon of 
 vicinity were dazzled with their pageant 
 cf dignity, and awed by their boafted 
 power. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 They employed the fame means with 
 the inhabitants of the remotefl: coun- 
 tries^ and thus extended their empire 
 
 t« 
 
P7 
 Die- 
 
 to the furthcft verge of the then known 
 world. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 No, all the nations could not be lb 
 bafe as to facrHice their liberty for this 
 vain and abfurd title; but thofe who 
 a£ted with fpirit and dignity were, ac^ 
 the inftigation of the ufurpers, drawn 
 to this fhame by bad neighbours. 
 This may be in time attempted againfl: 
 us by the Canadians. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 The French would have more effec- 
 tually caufed this alteration in your 
 principles, if they had been left in 
 pofTeflion of Canada. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 At leaft their vicinity wojild have 
 
 pre- 
 
prese nted the extremities to wkith we 
 have been reduced, by railing the jea« 
 loufy of the Englifli, and caufing them 
 to aA with more prudence with ms. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 You will foon find among you that I 
 have been inftrumental to this odious 
 
 war. 
 
 TOWNSHEND< 
 
 of 
 
 Who can forefee the confcquena 
 thefimpleft, thejufteft, thebeftaAion? 
 We are all doomed to the tafk of 
 making fuch or fuch a link in the chain 
 of events, but are not anfwerable for a 
 work of fatality, except when we are 
 prompted to it by malice. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 This juft diftindkion makes the guilt 
 
 of 
 

 It I 
 
 [ ^07 ] 
 
 of the Englilh appear in its moft 
 glaring colour. Ardent emiSaries c^ 
 our evil fate, they eagerly embrace all 
 ibrt of dai^ers for the barbanyus joy of 
 carrymg defolatbn to our hemifphere. 
 But they will foon find that thefe coftly 
 and perilous hoftile vifits cannot be 
 often renewed^ and mufl: end in their 
 own ruin^ and that unleft they find 
 meant to eficA in time our utter de- 
 ftruftion, it would have been better for 
 them to leave us in our juftiy a&crted 
 independence. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 . This laft alternative is the moft fafc 
 and glorious they even now can take. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 . I am fo entirely of your opinion^ 
 
 thac 
 
[ 1^8 ] 
 
 that I have made it the bafis of my 
 treaty of peace. I firft eftabliOi as a 
 principle, that the beft trophies are 
 thofe which the viftor erefts by his 
 clemency in the hearts of the van- 
 quiflied, fince the remembrance of a 
 generous adtion lives for ever in th6 
 human mind, but is deftroyed by the 
 hand of time and the rigour of feafons 
 when only written on pillars and obe- 
 lifks. After this preliminary, I thus 
 addrefs the Americans i*— " A&uated 
 by this truth, we veft in you our 
 right of making the conditions of 
 " peace. Arc you abfolutely deter- 
 ** mined to feparate* from us and to be- 
 " come an independent people ? Let it 
 " be fo ; it is better for us to look upon 
 " you as entire aliens, than to find you 
 " cither inveterate enemies, or difcon- 
 
 « tented 
 
 (C 
 
 t€ 
 
 < 'CCl 
 
 it 
 (1 
 
[ i<^9 1 
 
 * « tented friends. We even difdain 
 «*.4naking any fort of ftipulations in 
 ** regard to commerce* fare, as we ar?, 
 that you will not find your account in 
 trading with other nations fo well as 
 ** -mth lis. Are you defirous of being 
 *' proteded by our arms in cafe you 
 *^ fhould be attacked by the very fame 
 people to whom you now give the 
 preference over us, but whom you 
 ** will foon leafn to dread? We are 
 willing, in confideration of our an- 
 cient connexion with you, to engage 
 in a treaty fimilar to thofe which the 
 Oriental Sovereigns make with the 
 conquered princes who live too far 
 •** from the feat of their dominions, 
 ** Let us agree on a fum which (hall be 
 *' paid us as a tribute,^\ 
 
 MONT- 
 
 <c 
 
 (C 
 
 cc 
 
 (C 
 
 «( 
 
 «c 
 
 <c 
 
 cc 
 
 •(€ 
 
I 
 
 1 10 
 
 1 
 
 Montgomery: 
 
 Do not lafe the language of (lavtrjr 
 in a trea^ for independenee. 
 
 TOWNSHEKD. 
 
 You are in the right, MourojOMmTi 
 1 fhould have rcfleftcd that men arc 
 ruled by words, moved by words, dc-» 
 voted to words, and very little taken 
 with the real fubllance of things. 
 Let it then be called a fubfidy.^-^^ 
 ** You (hall pay us an annual fubfidy, 
 ** without any addition in time of war, 
 "without -any diminution in time of 
 " peace -, and ibr the remainder, gOf 
 ^' vern yourXclves as you think prqper- 
 ** Make ufe of our conftitution, if you 
 " pleafe; take it in its ftriacft fenfe, if 
 " it fuits your difpofition 5 invent a 
 " better one, if you can 5 that is matter 
 
 "of 
 
 

 f "I 1 
 
 " of indifferenycc taus^ We IhaU fid* 
 *^ fill our engagement as long is y^u 
 ^^ fulfill yours ; if you break it, trake 
 *' the confequence for yourielves. Far<^ 
 " and be good friends in the ufual ftile 
 "of mankind." 
 
 MONTGQIMERY. 
 
 Yes, we will {say a-ftipukted fubfidy 
 on the conditions you^propofe; and we 
 will mofl: willingly enrich En^and by 
 our commerce, "^len the immenfe pro^ 
 fits arifing from it ihall not be empk^ 
 againft ourfelves. H^ppy £qv Philip 
 the Second, King of Spain^ if he had 
 made fuch a peace with the Dutch j if 
 by a faMe flrameof making an alliance 
 with thofe whom he had called hisfub- 
 jefts but treated as flat^es, he had not 
 involved his people in a long and fruit- 
 5 l^ls 
 
lefs war, which cauied the canker-wornfi 
 of diflenfion to deftroy his own family, 
 and paved the way to* his throne for the 
 race of his moft inveterate enemy. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Then you accept this treaty in the 
 name of the Americans, 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Certainly I doj and they are very 
 much altered in their fentiments fince 
 my death if they difown me for this 
 aflent. But I fhould wifh that Towns- 
 HEND were as fure to have the appro- 
 bation of his party. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 It muft be confefled that this may be 
 queftionable; however, by means of 
 fome fccret claufe — — *— 
 
 MONT. 
 
I ^13 i 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 /No claufe at all, Townsheud; fdr 
 once, let not ^ tvc^pf qf peace be the 
 foundation pf a new w^r. 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 At leaft we Ihould confult about k 
 
 ibme of the Uluftrious dead, who have 
 diftingiiHfhed themfdves no lefs by a 
 love for their country, than by their po- 
 litical abilities. Ah! — whence comes 
 this infulting fit of laughter^ 
 
 WOLFE. 
 From David Hvme, who, conce4* 
 ing himfelf behind this fycamore, haa 
 liftened to our converfation. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 ,I| the important fubjeft we have diA 
 
 H cuflcd 
 
 SfM 
 
I ^H ] 
 
 ciilTed To ridiculous in the eyes of phi- 
 Igfophy ? 
 
 .. i.i i. 
 
 ,HUME. 
 
 Indeed it is fo even in thofe of coni- 
 mon fenfe. Poor fouls ! Miferably en- 
 itranced in your former paflions, t you 
 confider not, that though the acccfs to 
 this place is free, none of its inhabi- 
 tants hath ever been allowed to return 
 to, that, world which fo much ingroffes 
 your thoughts. Be not confounded at 
 this obfervation ; your zeal would prove 
 equally ufelefs, even if one of you were 
 pcrnaitted to exert it among the living. 
 Aflc DemoftJienes and Cicero concern- 
 ing their former fuccefs : they will 
 tell you how vainly they endeavoured 
 . to refcue their refpeftive countries from 
 -the gulph of ruin. Was ever an elo- 
 quence 
 
u- 
 
 I"' "5 J 
 
 r. 
 
 q«cnce fo irrefiftible as theirs ? So weffi ' 
 fuited for the purpofe to which they em-^ 
 ployed it? They indeed ravifhed the* 
 minds of their hearers^ but nevep- 
 changed their corrupted hearts ; wer©^ 
 admired for their expreflions, but perfe- 
 cuted for their fentiments, and at lad un« ' 
 timely fent hither to receive the reward-' 
 of their virtue. It is true, a zealous- 
 patriot, a vehenEient orator, has now 
 nothing to fear but the difguft and for- 
 row which attend ill fuccefs ; happy for * 
 him, when he Is convinced before his < 
 death, that -nothing but empty notions, . 
 puerile prejudices, govern the generality; 
 of mankind, and decide the fate of' 
 empires. Be yourfdvcs comforted by 
 this truth •, remember that if Julius 
 Caefar had returned the falutation of 
 the fenators, he might have lived to re-- 
 
 Ha" ftore ^ 
 
itore fFdedbm to hk covktktty tfhich "ma 
 efib&ualljr eiifkvtd by his tiTiti^otth/ 
 fiicteflb^. S6m ilfch fid^loUl rt^^ 
 scuty procure the ^ce ydU fa tlrdimcty 
 defii'e, better tbad ymi itiKAk folk! 8»f- 
 guinehts. Both the Engtifb ahd the 
 Aftiericans pretend to be in thci right v 
 to undeceive one Of the par&^ or 
 both, would be only admJiWft^ring fuel 
 to theiir fury. Let the ocean roar^ Mt 
 h^ve happily reached the harbour. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Oh! who cah re)oice in his owii' 
 fafety, when he fees the companions of 
 bi^ toils tofl&d ih. the mercilefs waves ? 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 Nrithfcr you, nor I, Montgomery, 
 can boaft of this infenfibility. 
 
 TOWN- 
 

 TOWNSMEND. 
 As idf thCi I am mudnif of Horn's 
 cf iniidn 6H th6 ^jeA ; ft^ ihinic h a 
 weaknefs unworthy of us to chctiflb ufe*^ 
 lefs feelings. Thofe men we juft now 
 mconfidcratcly pitied, have the fame 
 means for ftruggiing againft the evils of 
 life as>we had^ and muft in a fbon time 
 arrive at this place of repofe. Let us 
 wait patiently for the event. I defpair 
 not to hear that both parties have ac« 
 knowledgedy that their fulkft .fuccefsi 
 againft each other never can be a conn 
 penfation for the reciprocal lofles the^ 
 muft fuftain in a feparation of ia- 
 tereft. 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 No compenfation I 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 No : for a precarious abfolutc fe- 
 
 vereignty 
 
vereignty on one fide, and a naomentary ' 
 independence on the other, could not 
 fardy balance the advantages of ' a 
 friendly union* ? 
 
 MONTGOMERY, 
 
 Thus you now pretend that the Ame- • 
 ricans muft — — — ^— — — — 
 
 TOWNSHEND. 
 
 Be not angry with me, Montgo- 
 mery ; confider what lengths I had - 
 gone to make a treaty of peace con- 
 formable to your prepoflefllons, which * 
 yet were much dilFcrent from my own; ^ 
 and confefs, that the fociety of thofe' 
 who are aftuated by the dcfire of pleafing 
 every one, is more agreeable than that 
 of morofe men like Grenville, whofe 
 inflexible mind has not in the leaft 
 
 been 
 
y • 
 
 a 
 
 l "9 ] 
 
 " J)cen ftaggered by your ftrongeftargu- 
 : mcnts. 
 
 WOLFE. 
 
 This was a thing of courfe; for m 
 V this fort of debates the refpeftive ad- 
 \ verfaries are too much urged by paflion 
 .to liften to truth, whieh however finds 
 . its account in thefe virulent and reci- 
 procal reproaches better than in guarded 
 
 expreiTions, whofe art may eafily miflead 
 the cool hearer. But alas! fince it is in 
 vain we have probed the ivounds which 
 difcord has inflided on the two con- 
 tending countries, fince we cannot 
 
 , pour into them the balm of a falutary 
 advice, let us fubftitute the moft 
 ardent wiflies to a fruitlefs zeal. May 
 
 .the eyes of our infatuated friends be 
 open on the dangers which furround 
 
 them ! 
 
I '^^ 
 
 ] 
 
 stbcml mvf they retreat m time undier- 
 thewi^gsof concord, and, by mutud 
 iranquiUity on earth, prepare themfelves 
 for eternal PEACE! 
 
 THE E N D, 
 
Vr