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Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microficho, selon le cas: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE", le sy:nbole V signifie "FIN ". Maps, plates, charts, etc.. may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc.. peuvent Atre film6s d des taux de reduction diffArents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul ciichA, il est film6 A partir de I'angle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. rata elure. 3 ax 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 \ THE CUMBERLAND COAL AND RAILWAY COMPANY. REPORT BY ¥ LIONEL H. SHIRLEY, Mem. Inst. C. E. M> v:\.. \ I \^' ^ I \ I r. > 1 ' 'i M ,. M OKI AJ, l.i n'^ ^'^^ rin. NMMUHOl' I'U-KAHl) HlM' COM.l.CHON OJ ACADIAN A i iWa? THE I CUMBERLAND ■•! COAL AMD RAILWAY COMPANY. REPORT BY LIONEL H. SHIRLEY. Mem. Inst. C. E. MONTREAL : TIIK (JAZETTK PPtlNTING f:OMPANY, 1884. fr£ ^-l\0 c g ' 149707 iV)«unt Allisvn Mamorial Ubrary II li THE CUMBERLAND COAL AND RAILWAY COMPANY. T? K P O R T. NOVA S(H)TIA roAL. It is many y(.ar8 sine- .o;,! was jjvst discovered in Nova Scotia, tor in the year ns:, it iipj^ars that lOOS Ions were raised, ai.d in IMlV, llmt the „ntput had in- rrcsed to. !»,000 tons. In this year th,. right of miuino. in. Nova Seotia was aeqnired by the Duke ol' York, and from him pas.sed into the hmids of a company called • The General Minin- Assoeiation.'" This company commenced operations in various localities in the Pro- vince, and the result was an increased output. The amount mined in ]H:U b.-inu' r,(;,4.'54 tons- in 1;)0,()74 tons; iind in IS.")2 isii.OTi; t monopoly was fatal t<» privnte ent were taken by the provincial 184 ons ; but such a reuioviil of this restrict erprise, and stejw government for the raniivd with the • (ii'iienil Mi Th:it in all ])l:ices where the A ion. and it wns ultimately ar- on nino- Asssociation " : 1st. ssociation was carryiu<»' minino' operations, a .-ertiiin .speeili,>d area of land should be the ubsohit.- prop,.rtv of the Association- and, seeondly. that th(> Association had the privileg-o of i'laimino. for minino' purpo.s,..s a pare,.] of land in" the vicinity of any plaee where minerals were di,seovered inul iv sulli<i»'nl liin<» wns uivou lo the Assorijilion in which to liikn full iKlviiii<ii'4(' of thcsf coiKlilioiis. At the fxpiiiitioii ol'ihis tt'iiii the Assoriiilion losi iis ninii- opoly, and ilio l'rf>viiit(' was i'rci' lo gTaiit rights oi" search aiitl iiiininii' leases. V \(iV.\ SCOTIA COM, KIKM) The Proxiiirc of Nr)\a Scoliii is rich in minerals. It contains uohl, sihci-. c(»i»pci'. lend and iioii ores, and most ol' the (hnnestic mineials. Those worked dnrinu' the past yciir arey-old. iron, copper and nnmuancsc ores, li'vpsiim, harytes and lire( hiy, hut ahove jill (h)es it ahonnd in coal. The millstone u'rit occnrs at the base of the comI mea- sures, and is nuire i)articularly developed in Cuniher- hmd and Cape Ijreton counties, showinu' that it under- lies the I'rovince from north-wesi to s(»ut.h-eaHt. Abo^■e this aic tin' tru(^ coal measures considered 1)y Dr. Dawson ti> a\'era<>e 4.00(1 I'eet in thickness. They are nn>t in Cundx'rland. i'iclou. Antinonish. Cape lire- ton, Richmond. Victoria, and rnvcrn<'ss counties. Tlu^ upi)er c(ial measur<'s show sandstones, marls and shah's containinu' seams ol'coal not larg-e eiiouii'h, how- ever, to allow oi' prolitahle working- : they iire met in Cumberland above the true coal, and in I'iclou ami C^oh'hester counties. ]ieneath the millstone u'rit is the lower carbonitbrous nnirine ibrmation containiuii- limestone and uypsum. The extent of the carboniferous measures in Nova Scotia nuiy be rouii'hly estinuited at 5.000 square miles. Nova Scotia coal belonu's entirely to the bitumincms category ; it maybe sub-divided in coking, cherry, and canmd coal. 1' I 6 II is prL'suiiKMl thill lilt' prodiiriivf iiifiisurcs iH'loim- 1(» (he siiuii' lioi'i/())i in ii'coloni, ill scinu'iicf as IIiom'oI" (In'at Driiiiiii and ili«' Iniird Siait's. as tlu'\ pn'scnt many ])(>inls ol' similarity, hoi li in fossils and iu usso- fiiitcd strata. Some (»!' Ihi^ foal lound iji Sydin'v is vvfll adapt «'<l lor j^'jis makiiin'. Icaviuu' a rokf of u<»od (jiiality, l)u( yifhls a foiisidrrahlc amount of smoki- ; vvhilf other is uood lor steam jmrposes. althouiih inrlined to .linker. Cau- nel coal is also Ibuiul. No eoal was worked during' the [>asl year in Inver- ness, Uiehmond or V'ieloria rounties. The area ol" the ['ictou coal Jield is estimated at .{."> sijuare miles. The mines w(trked are the Acadian, Alhion. \'ale and inter.oionial. The main seam is the principal one worked, hi'inu' a i>"ood steam coal, and yields coke of a uood ()uality, which is used hv the Steel (Vinipany of ('aiia<la, al Londond-rry. for their hhisl furnaces. The I'ictou coal seams yield a considei- ahle amount of a.sh : the main seam t>'ivin^' as much as 10.41 per cent. The (himherlaiid coal li(dd contains numerous seams of<()al; some of considerahle thickness. The coal is in hiii'h demand for steam purposes. The output of coal in Nova !Se(ttia was, in 1HS2. con- fined to th(^se three counties. The amounts raised being as follows : (\ipe Breton County colleries, oHo.oflS ton.s. rietou, - 4 ■' 44<!,137 " Cumberland, " o " :.'ls,34!i •' IRON ORES IN N()V.\ SOoTlA. The iron ores of Nova Scotia are of varied species, many of them of groat purity. They comprise bog ores, jiiiiyiiciii.', . liiy. ironsloiip. s|>('rjiliir r.-d, licnuilil*'. siKilliir oivs, liiiioiiili- iind liliiiiilcnMis oiv, fxIfiKliiiL;' in 11 l)iO!i(l hiiiid iVoiii wcsl to ..jisl olllif I'roviiiiT. Th.' OIVS worked ni Loiidondcny miv liinoiiii,..s ;,|jd ivd hciiiiiliir. ricloii Coiiiily routiiins ill iiddilioi, |„,n. ore and «lay iroii.sloiif. Tin; liilKuirs ol' ||m> Ciiiiiidiiin Gcolon-icjil Survey liiivf Jis yi't Ix'i'ii roiiliiird inoiv specially fo llie detcnniiialifni of the tnu'coal nieasuies. and loa small portion ol" Ihe rroviiice only as regards iron cies, and douldless (»ilier tb'posilH arc yel to he disrovered. <> HAIMA' IlISTolIV ()!•• SlMvMNC IIIM, MINKS. Short l\ alter I ha( the Tioviiice was live IVom the niininu' restrictions, coal was aividentally discovered at Sprinu' Hill, in the ("ounty of Cumherlaiid. and a company was Ibrmed to work it. At that time the In- tercolonial K'ailway was not thouu'ht of. the .ountry was covered with dense Ibrest, no roads existed, and the locality was twenty-sev<-n miles from the coast, it was unsuccessful ly attemjitcd to dis])ose of the company's property in l"]ni«-land. Still some yood work must have been done, for in 18^2, the Inlercolonial liailway beinu- in course of construction, and the country ])eini>' b(»tter known, some capitalists of St. John, N.B., formed a company with a capital of s;400,0(l(i, under the miine of th(> S])rin<>- Hill Mi?iino- C^o.. and bought out llie ohl • ompaiiy lor s!i'70,()(i(l. The new ctmipany was suc.vss- fiil, and shortly after the Government <>ranted a eliarter for a railway to Parrsboro', a town on Minas IJasin, Bay of Kundy. the distaiKie Ix'ing' 27 miles. Business prospia-inu'. and linding- their working's near the boundary somewlnit limited, and requiring" exten- * I 1 HJoii, Ihoy imivhasod IVom fh.' Ocii.Tiil Miiiiny A.sso.iti- tioii lour Nquiirc mil.-s ol" hiiul with iiiiiiiny- leas.', that that Compaiiy had ar(|uir<Ml coiitii-iKnis jo Ihcui. Thf piiro paid was !§l'()().(MM> in rash, and .sliaivs. and tho • ash paynicnts wt'if mad.' out ol iiiolits IVum ih.' iniiics. In 1874. an additional .slope was nindf a»id supplied with nuKhincry, and a.s ii <r,-,.iij pojiion „|' (h,. proHt.s had Ix'cn dt'votod to the dcv.'lopnicnt of th.' mine.', the • apital was iurruased 2r> per cont., bringing it up to The output ot* th<' roUicry for the last five pr.'.vdiiiu' yoars, as taken from the <ompany's books, was as fol- lows : 1^*7^ km; |;i5A Ions. 1«"<!> '>,lon " l*^'"') IHA.Hr^l " 18M1 100,:i2<t " 1882 201,H«4 '• and for tho first half of 1883, 104,280 tons. DIWCIIIPTION i)V THE aiPliING HIIJ. .MINES. The ►S])ring Hill mines are situated nearly in the ( en- tre of the County of Cumborland, and on thi' hiyiiest S-round between Minas Iksiu and I he Gulf of St. Law- rence, and are by rail distant IVom : Halifax ]oo „jii,.^ St. John, iN.B i.-,4 ■• Quebec 5,;4 .. Montreal 700 " Mr. Edward Gilpin, jr., Government inspector of 8 Mines of Nova S(!otia, gives the following section of the formation of the property : No. 1 coal seam, north seam being worked 18 feel. ^ti-ata 105 feet. Coal seam o' to tl i^tmt-A 130 feet. Coal seam 2.4 strata 185 feet. No. 2 Coal seam, main or black seam being' worked 11. (i J^triita «() |e,.j. No. .■> coal seam, soutli scam, ln'inii' worked ll.o ^ti'ata 1,10 1'^^.et. Coal seam ^y, ^tr-diix • 11)0 feet. Coal seam 4.0 ^ti'i^tii no reel. Coal seam i>.!t 'J'otals (;2.7 IMItl icel. Shewing in a depth of l,()i>:} ft. 7 ins., a ihi.kness of good workable coal of ;h ft. 7 ins. The coal to the westward of tlie present workings has bei'n i)roved for over a mile in length by trial pits and slopes. It is estimated that on each square mile of area of the Company's land, now being- developed and worked, there is an available quantity of coal amounting to 24 millions of tons. I am informed that other workable seams are known to exist, both underlying and overlying this group, but they have not been opened out. The seams at present workod are : No. 1 Seam, averaging from 13 ft. to 18 ft. in thickness. No. 2 Seam, main or black seam, 10 ft. 6 ins. to 11 ft. in thickness. No. 3 Seam, south seam, 11 ft. in thickness. The land owned in fee simple consists of 6,430 acres, equal to 10 square miles, and the coal areas therein are held by lease in perpetuity direct from the Crown through the Government of Nova Scotia. In Nova Scotia a royalty is paid to the Crown of 10 cents per ton, of 2,240 lbs. of screened coal. It is the intention of the Provincial Government to reduce this to 7| cents. The screenings are free of royalty. The average inclination or dip of the coal seams is from 29 to 32 degTees towards the north-west. It is noticed that the dip flattens deeper down, indicating a coal basin, but its northern outcrop is not known. The trial pits sunk on No. 3 seam westward of the present w^orkings and on the outcrop, show the strike to trend gi-adually southward. No traces of faults here have been found, and the seams preserve their normal width. The coal is worked by slopes sunk on the seam : No. 1 is 800 feet long on the dip. No. 2 is 800 " " " " No. 3 is 1,400 " " " " No. 4 is now being sunk. These slopes are well and strongly timbered and laid with double track. The trams are raised by wind- ing engines fitted with wire ropes. No. 1, — Has a pair of winding engines 15 inch cylin- ders, with feed pumi> to boilers. No. 2. — A pair of new engines 18 inch cylinders by 3 feet stroke. A spring supplies the boilers with water. 10 No. 3. — A pair of new winding- engines, 22 inch diameter cylinders with 3 feet stroke. No. 4. — Single engine, 15 inch cylinder, 8 feet stroke. In addition to the winding slopes there are foot and horseways and the necessary air-shafts down to the workings. The drainage of the mine is well arranged, all the workings are connected by cross headings, and the whole of the underground water runs to a set of pumps at the bottom of No. 3 slope. These pumps are two of Allison's direct-acting steam pumps, 30 inch diame- ter cylinders with 6 feet stroke and 15 inch diameter plungers, and are supplied with steam from eight new boilers which also work No. 3 winding engine. The pumps in reserve at the east slope are, a direct acting Blake pump, 28| inch cylinder by 30 inch stroke, plunger 10 inches, with Gruthrie's <^ondenser attached, and a Cameron direct acting pump, 22 inch cylinder with 30 inch stroke, plunger 9 inches. Each bank head is fitted with screens of three diffe- rent meshes, classifying the coal in round, stove, nut and slack. The coal passes from these direct into the railway wagons, the railway sidings leading under the screens. Good arrangements are made for dumping the refuse of the pits from considerable elevations. The ventilation of the mine is good, the air beinsr pure, and naked lights used ; ventilating shafts are pro- vided, and a ventilating fan for fore ing air into the workings has been recently fixed at slope No. 1. There has never been a gas explosion in the mine, and it is uncommonly free from gas. The mine is substantially timbered. In working for- ward, two to three feet of coal roof is left ; this is in I- 11 \l most places so strong as to require no timbering, and is taken down in working back. The floor below the coal i.s usually an impure fireclay or shale. The method adopted for mining the coal is by roads or headings «ut transversely to the face of the coal and rising on the slope, from which bords or endings are cut to the end of the coal, lengthways of the gi-ain, about 3")0 feet in length ; the headings and bords are laid with tram rails, and the coal is worked out and brought down the roads by self-acting trums worked by counterbalance weights. The average number of tons daily per cutter is four, and there are over 200 cutters employed. The coal is a good domestic and steam i^oal, of bright appearance and clean fracture, it is banded but nearly all pure coal from floor to roof, the partings being ex- ceedingly thin. The following analysis by Dr. Percy, F.K.S., is of the main seam. Carbon V8.51 Hydrogen 5.19 Oxygen \ Nitrogen \ ^-"^ ?^ulphur 1.12 Ash 5.20 A full set of the analysis of the main or Black seam No. 2 made by Edward Criipin, jr., is as follows : ■UM POSITION. Band No. 1 .Moi.-ture Vol. Coiuli. Mnt. -low L'oking. l':l>t I'oUillg, . Fi.xcd Cmi'Ijoii, slow (jol<iiig. ' " fil.-t ookiiij;- Ash Sulphur '.'1' 1.21 .30 .fiS .90, I 30.84 -32.22 33.8l!29. 19 28.90 34.56 33 I I ! ■ 34.75 30.12 37.35:32.66 33.84 35. .37 35 ti0.73i!O.9l 57.82 57.01 7.45 6.11 .85 .56 Spec Ki-avity 1 1.31 1.30 ! lieEviip- I'ower, -low Lokiiig. . .! S.33| 8.41) fiu^t ookiiiK, 7.95! 7.65 63.13!67.95 05.16 60.59 59 I 1 i 1 59.69 64.48 60.22 59.98 57, 1.85 .79 1.28 2.561 5.31 1.21 1.27 =1 3.951 5. 1.85; .891 1. 1.29| 1.28! 1. 8.65J 9.28J 8.92; 8.30^ 8. 8.20| 8.83, 8.30; 8. 20' 7. 34 64.30 64 33 86 60 16 8 4o| 2 29! 1, 20: 8 .56 .41 .27 28.24 30.47 -8963.63 28 61. 281 7.42 65 2.25 Saj 1.32 35I 8.99 751 8.54 12 I do not know if analyses of the other two seams worked have been made, but the coal from them is of equal or even better quality. The following is the analysis of the five-foot seam underlying No. 1, taken from the outcrop, air dry speci- men ; Moisture 3.47 Vol. Comb: matter 26.98 Fixed carbon 64.48 Ash 5.0t This coal is compact bright and clean with tonchoidal fracture. The output from the mines is the largest of any mine in Nova Scotia, as will be seen from the following- figures shewing the outi)ut for 1882 of the principal coUeries : PICTOU COUNTY. Acadia colliery 105,569 tons. Albion " " 141,090 " Intercolonial colliery 150,486 " CAPE BRETON COUNTY. Intercolonial 109,28r) tons. Sydney mines 156.758 " CUMBERLAND COUNTY. Spring Hill 201,884 tons. For the first half of 1883 the output was 104,280 tons, equal to 700 tons per diem, no coal is at present raised from No. 3, exc^ept what is cut in opening out the new workings. When the four mention(»d slopes are completed and in working order, the daily output should •d 18 be at least 2000 tons daily, or say 500,000 tons per iinnum, and this result could be reached in twelve months from date. The amount of coal raised from ea<'h slope will depend on the number of men employed below ground I have no doubt that 500 tons daily could be brought up by each. PI^NT AND BITILDINGS. In addition to the land and mines the Company own plant of every description, oliices, workshops, i.e., boiler, fitting, smiths, carpenters, cVc, dwelling houses for managers, clerks, &c., 01 tenement rented to work- men, and on the building lots sold by the Company stands the little town of Spring Hill containing lour churches, schools, two hotels, stores and dwelling houses, and with a population numbering over 2,000, all dependent on the prosperity of the mines. Numer- ous uew^ houses are being built, I was informed that they belonged to miners who have puichased building lots from the Company. It will be a great advantage to have men of this class settled in the place, as their labor can be depended on. The land is covered, except such parts already cleared, with good timber, lit for building and pit-wood. A good sandstone is quarried and used for masonry. DESCRIPTION OK SPIMN(} HILL AND PARK.SIiORO RAILWAY. The Spring Hill and Parrsboro Kail way is 32 miles in length. It runs from Spring Hill Junction on the Inter- colonial Eailway through the Spring Hill mines, distant 5 miles from th<' Junction, to Parrsboro. Thtnv arc stations at Sprino- Hilf AVest Brook, Maccan, Southamp- ton, Half Way Lake, and Parrsboro. The line is solidly built with stone abutments to bridges, and six watering stations. It is laid throughout with new steel rails. 14 and sleopors. Tho road is mnvly fenced. About hall' ihe road has been lately n^ballasted and the remainder is being' done, Th.' g-rades are lavorable to the load. Four way sidings are laid down at the .Tunetion lor exchange of full and empty trucks, and marshalling. The main Irack runs up to the passenger platform of the Intercolonial raihvay. A Fairbain's weigh-bridge, and narrow guage trucks, and a tipjnng stage, for sup- ply of coals to the Intercolonial railway locomotives are provided, telegraph posts and wires are lixed. ROLLING STOCK. The rolling stock belonging to the Railway consists of: 4 locomotives. 80 hopper coal wagons (capacity, 6 tons). 25 Hats or timber wagons. 10 gondolas. 2 passenger cars. 2 box cars. PARRSBORO'. Parrsboro" is the nearest of the Nova >;cotia coal ports to the United States. It is situated on a natural har- bour open all the year round except in winters of unusual severity, when it may be closed for a few weeks. Its trade consists principally of lumber and coal. Plans have b(M'n prepared for the constrU('tion of new wharfs and coal shipping stages, and the works will be com- menced this coming spring, and a line of vessels estab- lished to carry coal to the New England ports. COST OF PRODUCTION OF COAL. The Company's books shew the average cost of pro- duction to be $1.05 per ton ; when the extensions and 16 improv.^moiits now in i^roo-nvss aiv .oinplet^^d, I ani piv]iarecl to accept Ihc inananini.- dii-.-ctor's ass'urainv that this will bo ivdiKed to #1, and io take this lin-u,v as a basis tor calculation. ^ SELLING PRICE. Now^ one ton of .>oal scivened -ives the Ibllowino- result: ;i round coal and ), screonino-s; a royalty d' ten cents per ton is payable on the round coal the .screenings are iree. The ^ screening-s consist of stov,-, nut and slack in about equal proportions. The prices obtainable for these three being, for stove, #1.50 per ton ; for nut and slack together, 75 cents. The average selling price for round coal is $2.50 per ton. Taking then nine tons and the cost of production of same, $9. the selling value would be : 6 tons round coal at ^2 50 1 " «iove " 1 50 2 •' nut and slack coal at 75 $ 15 00 1 50 1 50 Total. 418 00 or !5;2 per Ion, leaving a balance of $1 profit. DEMAND FOR AxVD SALK OF COAL. At iirst there was little market for the small coal l)ut the demand is steadily growin- for house purposes' smithies, sugar and cotton factories, rolling mills, gas works, cS:c., at Moiicton, St. John and elsmvhere. Uiider present rates at these prices. Spring Hill ,oal could ])e sold for as under, railway shipment : Kimiid. Moiitroiil s^4 liii Quebec 4 Ki Hiilifiix 3 ()0 St. John 3 30 small Rai iwiiy Tiite Move. iMixed. Miles-. lilT tun. .S3 Hit s.'i 24 722 S2 411 :! Ill 2 44 5f4 1 fill 2 m I 2.-. 122 II 50 2 m 1 5.-> 154 8(1 Mount Afifson Mamorid) Lihrary I' 16 INTERnOLONIAL RAIIAVAY. Ill 1«82 (hr couipjuiy supplied tho rntoivolonial Railway with !>8.000 tons ol'.oal and have .•o)itrart,.d io supply (h.. railway for 1883 and Iwo Ibllowing- years with 100,000 tons yearly. The Jufercolouial engiiu-evs preier this coal to any other as it raises steam quickly and does not clinker. DTTTY ON FOREIGN COAIi. Anthracite coal imported into Canada pays a duly ol" r)0 cents per ton. Bituminous coal pays (JO cents pw ton. DUTY TO UNITED STATES. Canadian -oal imported into the United States jiays •7^") cents per ton on round coal and 80 cents per ton on screeiiinos, ),ut sin,,. th(^ 1st July this is so lar moditied that Canadian coal can be imported into the United Stales in bond lor supplyino- shippino-. A liill is now before (\)no-ress to abolish the import duties on coal into the United vStates. MARKET FOI! CoAIi. Without o-oinu- as lar as Quebe.- or Montrt.al 1 am of opinion that the natural market for the coal is to be Icund with the railways of Nova Scotia, the ports of the Bay of P\indy, and with the New England ports. SHIPMENTS HY SEA TO UNITED STATES. T am informed that there will be no diffi.ulty in char- tering- vessels suitable for the coal trade, and this it is intended to do and the .oal shipped to St. John and Portland, Portsmouth and Boston, U.S. Freight from Parrsboro' to these Ameriean ports will not exceed $1.25 to #1.50 per ton as against #3.25 to $4.00 from American I, I, 11 sources of supply, whi.h Ihorolbic could not bo laid down lor less ihitii ^-i.^r, <o !$;"). 00 per ion, while Spring' Hill coal could be delivered r/a Parrsboro". includinii' duly. Round coal 4. (Jo Stove " 2.0") Nut and slack coal 2.20 and not ting the prolits .shewn on payv |.V GeogM-aphically Parrsboro" is nearer to these ports than either ri.tou or Sydn.'y. which have also the di.sadvan- tag-e ol beinn- c1os(m1 by ice durino- the winter months. KOlIEKIiV I.Ml'OllTS. In spite of the duties loviod, the import « ol' Ibreig-n coal into Canada in 1S81 were : Anthracite r);")(),0()0 Ions. Bituminous (500.000 " 1,150,000 And the total Nova Seotia output was 1,2")0.000 tons. The supply is therolbro not equal to the demand. THE CU.AinERIiAxXD rO.\L AND HAirAVAY COMl'ANY. Up to last year the Spring- Jlill Mining Company and the ^Jpring Hill and Parrsboro' Railway Company were perfectly distinct and separate undertaking's. The Mining- Com[>auy owned lh(^ railw^ay from the mines to the junction, and the K'ailway Company that from th(» mines to Parrsboro' with running- powers to the junc- tion. The relations between the two companies w^ere not harmonious, and in consequence of this and the inadequate wharfage accommodation, but a snudl per- c(Mitag-o of coal was shipped c/a Parrsboro". The earn- ings of the railway averaged from all sources — passen- gers, goods, building materials, lumber and coal— about 12,000 monthly. piwas" 18 Thosn two nndortakiiins huxo, iv( vnl ly Ixmmi purchased by a company lonricd lor liial purpose, known as the ('umhcrlaiid Coal ajid l^aiiway Company, Limited, hav- ini-- a share capital of s;2,0(IO.()(M). The lollowiny are the m'entlenien who lorm the directorate : Presif/t-Nf. .ToimMoD()TJ(r\r-L, Vice-President North Shore Railway, Caledonia Iron Works, etc, Montreal. Vice- President. RoHEliT Cowans, Montreal Car Wheel Works, Montreal. Directors. C. V. CoT.HY, M.P., Stanstead, Quebec. Gko. O. Duummoni), Director Bank ol" Montreal, Presi- dent Canada Sugar Iveiinery, etc. Hon. Alk.\. Ma(!faul.vnk, Senator, WaHace, NovaSfotia. L. A. Sk.vecal, Presid.'iit KMchelieu & Ontario Navi-'a- tion (V)mi)an3% President North Shore IJailway, etc., Montreal. James (^rossen, Proprietor Cobourg- Car Works, Ojitario. 3T(( //aging' Director. M. J. Leckie, Minino- Jilngineer, Sherbrooke, P.Q. Secretary. J. P. Cowans. Montreal. The manag-emont of the two undertakings will con- tinu«3 to be kept distinct under the (.'ontrolot' the Man- aging Director ; that of tht> mines will cease to do any shipping which will ir luture be entirely the depart- ment of the railway. The Managing Director estimates an output of 400,000 tons during the (^urreiit year, that of this 250,000 tons will be shipped tun the junction, and 1 ')0,000 via Parrsboro'. The coal sent ])y the former route is loaded into Intercolonial wagons at the mines ; live cents per ton will be the freight to the junction^ and the working expenses should not exceed 30 per % 10 <eiit., thus irivinq: a pmfil of sjjiS.ToO. Tho civrriae-.' of coal lo raiTsbovo' is 40 cents per ton in the company's wagons, .an (I tho working- expenses will average ahont AO per cent., giving- >i;;;JO,()()0 profit, or a total net proht derived from shipment ol' coal of $3H.Y")<) ; and add, from other sources, >|;;i>0,0()(). the net earning- of the rail- way woiild amount to s^os,?')!) for the current year. CONCLT'SION. Having- flt«\scril)ed this considerahh* uiulertakino- as brielly (( onsidering the numerous (|uestion it embraces) as I have been able, T can add that the future of the Company promises well. The difficulties incidi^ut to the establishment of new industry in a new country have been overcome and w^ays of comnuuiication opened up for the (-arriag-e of product' from, aiul access to the mines. The fact that the Compauy owns the monopoly of railway communication by the shortest possible route with I'arrsboro' the only port within miles on either side must he a certain source of revenue; for however many colleries nuiy hereafter })e established in their vicinity or under hnise on their lands, all must shij) l)y this route. Parrsboro' offers conveniences for the estab- lishment of factories, and, no doubt, in time these will be built. The colliery will compare favourably with any in the old country. The workings are well tim- bered and ventilated, and the system of uiulerground drainau-e well <-onsidered. LIONEL IL SIIIRLEY, Mini. /iixl. c.K Montreal, January Xth, ISSf. To C. R. HosMEii, Esq., I'l-i^iiJ, lit ('iiiiiidii .\f III till/ 'J'./iijrniili (^iiiijiiii