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V ^ ONTARIO PROVINCIAL ELECTIONS, 1902 / / PROVINCIAL SECRETARY'S '^' -^ DEPARTMENT '-/.. ^-•- / V^^ Public Institutions, Asylums, Administpation of the License Depaptment, Hospitals and Chapities, Public Health, Joint Stock Companies. Number of Persons cared for in Asylums and other Institutions in 1901 58,707 Average cost per Patient, American Asylums $188.22 Average cost per Patient, Canadian Asylums $199.79 Average cost per Patient, Ontario Asylums $ 122.82 • Total Liquor Licenses, 1874 6,185 Total Liquor Licenses, 190 1 2,950 Average Commitments for Drunkenness for Dominion— 1 for every 440 Persons. Average Commitments for Drunkenness for Ontario— 1 for every 684 Persons. Total Revenue from Liquor Licenses since 1876 12,224,539 Received by the Municipalities of this sum r. 6,418.002 BUILD UP ONTARIO M PROVINCIAL SECRETARYS DEPARTMENT. The Provincial Secretary has in charge the following institu* tions ; — Persona cared for during Year 1901- The Central Priion (for men) with 1,042 The Mercer Reformatory for women 188 The Penetanguuhene Reformatory for boys 208 Seven Lunatic Asylums 5,240 The Asylum for Idiots atOrillia 709 Forty-five County and District Gaols 8,616 Twenty District Lockups 650 ' The Ontario Institution for the Blind (pupils) 138 The Ontario Institution for the Deaf and Dumb (pupils) 30O 54 Hospitals 32,909 41 Houses of Refuge . • 4,855 33 Orphan Asylums 3,952 Total 58,707 ! Object of Public Institutions. The object of such institutions as the Central Prison, the Mercer Reformatory and the Reformatory for Boys is not con- finement as a punishment for offences committed, but rather to bring the inmates under discipline and control, with a view to the reformation of their characters, and to the acquisition of some useful occupation. The Reformatory for Boys is now virtually an industrial school, conducted under the strictest moral and educational influences. The labor of the prisoners at the Central Prison is directed so SLi to interfere as little as possible with free labor. The produc- tions of the various industries carried on within the Central Prison go a good way towards the reduction of the expense of maintain- ing the prisoners, and in this way the public is relieved to that extent of maintaining a very useful institution. The principal industries are the manufacture of binder twine, broom-making, woodenware, iron beds, and shoemaking and tailoring for the other public institutions of the Province. It is thought reason* able that where the Public Treasury is teized for the mainten- ance of many thousand lunatics and others, the inmates of the Central Prison, who are strong and able to work hould produce, as far as practicable, the wearing apparel and the boots and shoes required by the inmates of the other institutions. BUILD UP ONTARIO 1^97 1^1 National Library of Canada Blblloth^ue nationale du Canada PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPARTMENT. 3 1 Magnitude of the Task. When the number of persons cared for in the asylums, gaols and hospitals and the other institutions classified as charitable is considered, it will be seen what an enormous task the Gov- ernment has assumed in providing for their comfort and main- tenance. Since 1867, $7,926,629.09 were expended by the Government on the erection, equipment and furnishing of public institutions and of lockups. 01 that sum only $772,190.50 was expended prior to 1872. From this it .appears that the generous accom- modation which the Province provided in respect to all these institutions is owing to the forethought and business capacity of the different Liberal Governments. Increase of Patients and Inmates. The following shows the increase in the number of patients in the Asylum for Feeble-Minded at Orillia, and in the Asylums for the Insane at London, Toronto, Mimico, Hamilton, BrockviUe and Kingston, and the cost of maintenance at stated intervals : — Patients under Total cost year treatment, ending Sept. 30. 1872 1,717 $187,719 1877 2,390 281,844 1882 3,288 368,683 1887 3,553 415,330 1892 4,785 544,680 1897 5.712 605,788 1901 5.949 623,675 Comparative Cost Between Ontario and Other Countries. An examination of the returns from the various public insti- tutions in the United States and other countries furnishes a comparison of a most favorable character in the cost of manage- ment of the institutions in Ontario, as the following figures will prove : AsylunvS. COST PER PATIENT. iTearly. Three Michigan Asylums, 1898 to 1900 f 178. 35 Six New York Asylums, 1898 to 1900 305.24 Two Indiana Asylums, 1900 136.13 Eight Massachusetts Asylums, 1898 160.48 One Illinois Asylum, 1898 151.07 BUILD UP ONTARIO 4 PROVINCIAL SECRGTARYS DEPARTMENT. One Ohio Aiylam, 1899 141.9S One Maine Asylom, 1899 256.00 One PennaylTsnia Asylum, 1900 208.46 Two WiMonun AOTlams, 1900 234.64 One Washington Cfity Aqrium, 1900 220.00 Seventy-nine English County and Borough Asylums, 1900 and 1901 168.28 Eight New ZeaUnd Asylums, 1901 134.30 Eight New S. Wales Asylums, 1901 135.20 One Montreal Asylum, 1900 and 1899 206. 18 One Nora Scotia Asylum, 1899 171.23 One Manitoba Asylum, 1898 175.20 One British Columbia Asylum, 1899 247.66 Average of American Asylums 188.22 Average of Canadian Asylums, exclusive of Ontario 199.79 General Average of All Asylums, English, American Aus- tralian and Canadian, exclusive of Ontario 176.85 8ETEN ONTARIO ASYLVH8, average Hroni 1898 to 1901, tnclnslve l!S!e.88 Difference f ^4.03 The average dailv number of patients in the Ontario Asylums for the years 1898 to 1901 was o.ll*. Multiplied by the 854.03, it gives the sum of $276,309.42, which is the annual saving to the Province, as compared with the cost of other countries. Charitable Institutions. The population of the Charitable Institutions of the Province in 1901 was 41,716. This population represents the attendance at 54 hospitals where all forms of diseases are treated, 41 Houses of Refi^ge for the support of the aged and infirm, 32 Orphan Asylums for deserted and fatherless children, and 1 Magdalene Asylum for fallen women. The total amount paid in 1901 for these purposes was $187,- 731.83, every dollar of which is directed for the relief of human suffering or misfortune. In addition to this, there has been paid 84,000 to each of the 19 County Houses of Refuge during the last ten years, or a total of $76,000. Were it not for the provis- ion of the Government, this vast population would be a burden either upon private charity or on the municipalities to which they belong. , In 1871, institutions receiving aid 32 In 1901, • '• " 128 BUILD UP ONTARIO PROVINCIAL SECRETARY S DEPARTMENT. Ontario Institviion for the Blind. In the Institution for the Blind the pupils are trained in arithmetic, grammar, geography, reading, typewriting, literature, writing, natural history and physiology, English and Canadian history, chemistry and music. They are also taught to earn their own living by means of piano-tuning, basket-making, sewing and knitting, and are thus prevent^ from adding U> the already too large roll of paupers who look to their respective municipalities for support. The following table gives the number of pupils and the cost of maintenance at intervals of five years since the school was opened : — No. of Pupils Total j No. of Pupila ToUl 1872. 1877. 1887. on Roll. ,. 34 .122 , .155 Cost. 9 7,523 00 •26,913 00 32,888 00 on Rob. Coat. 1892.... 155 $36,750 45 1897.... 149 32,782 66 1901.... 138 32,417 30 Comparison with United Stsktec. New York SUte. . $288.00 New York City... 391.32 Maryland 294.94 Illinois 284.08 Michigan $264. '^'^ Boston 337.97 Pennsylvania 356.17 Ontario 974.19 Ontario Institution for the Deaf and Dumb. The aim of this school is to teach the pupils to read with or without articulation, and to give them, at the same time, as good a general education as the time allowed — seven years — will admit of. They receive also a fair industrial training, being taught shoemakiug, carponter work, printing, farming, tailoring, dress- making, machine-sewing, hand-sewing, and fancy work. Many of the pupils, when they leave, are quite able to earn their own living, and all of them are greatly improved. The following table gives the aggregate cost of the Institution at intervals since 1872: No of Pupils Total on Roll. Cost. 1872 .... 122 $24,89« 00 1877.... 271 38,332 00 1887.... 264 39,<)95 00 Average of 20 insti- tutions in the Unit- ed States $280.00 No. of Pupils on Roll. Total Cost. $41,672 00 45,282 70 47,523 29 1892 285 lo97 292 1901 :ioo Mackay Inst'u, P.Q. $190.00 Manitoba Institution 24^ 00 Ontario 184.9« BUILD UP ONTARIO PROVINrML secretary's DEPARTMENT. Statement ahminng Number of Charters and Licenses Granted to Companies from January 1st, 1891, to December Slat, 1901. Letters Patent Fees Re- and Licenses celved /from Year. Iwtucd. Companies. 3891 152 9 6,030.00 1892 158 6,780.00 1893 138 8,865.00 1894 139 7,720 00 1896 174 10,060.00 1896 164 14,336.00 Letters Fatent Fees Re- aiid Licenses celved from Year. Issued. Companies. 1897 368 $34,650.00 1898 296 23,820.00 1899 416 60,817.60 1900 438 71,179.00 lyOl 547 82,713.34 Total 1325,969.84 Extra Provincial Comfanies. Prior to the session of 1900, companies inoorporated under the laws of other countries might and diJ come into Ontario and enter into competition with our own companies, observing no conditions and paying no imposts other than the municipal taxes common to all. Up to that time, the legislation affecting outside companies was purely permissive in character in so far as taking out licenses was concerned, and, accordingly, few licenses were jBsued. In 1900, however, the Legislature passed a Bill provid- ing that every extra provincial company carrying on business in Ontario for gain should take out a license and make an annual return, thus placing such companies on a fairer footing, so far as our own Ontario companies are concerned, and enabling creditors and others interested to learn something as to their antecedentB, etc., the names of their officers and other useful information theretofore not obtainable in the Province. Dominion companies were included among the otherextra provincial companies, butthey were charged merely nominal fees for their licenses, while doubt as to their power to hold and convey land in Ontario was removed, a valuable concession, there having been vexatious litigation on ihis point in the Courts. • Under the present Act 63 Victoria, Cap. 24, there have been granted already 289 licenses. Grotvth and Work of the Provincial Secretary's Office. The following statistics show how rapidly the business of the Provincial Secretary's Office has increased : Estimated. 1871. 1901. Number of files 1.264 6,974 Letters, etc., received 1,690 23,000 BUILD UP ONTARIO PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPABTMENT. Lcttan tent 1,280 26.000 Bafere.u «• to other departmenta 912 2,600 Reports from " " 470 2,300 Marriage Lioenae Forma, supplied to laauers . . None 66,000 OommiasiooB 190 121 Warranta re Lunatioa 195 323 Appointmenu to OfKce Oaaetted 149 650 Other Public Notices 68 461 Proclamations 16 10 Lettera Patent and Lioenaea 24 647 Feea $2,282 |87,634 Public Health. By the establishment of the Provincial Board of Health in 1882 the Government has undertaken in conjunction with the Local Boards of Health the general supervision of the health of the Province. The special object of the Provincial Health Organization is to disseminate information for the prevention of contagious and infectious diseases. At different times it has been called upon to deal with outbreaks of smallpox, scarlatina, diphtheria and typhoid in the unorganized portions of the Province. As a result of its labors, the mortality rate of Ontario has been greatly reduced, as may be seen in the follow- ing table : Total deatha in 1883. 21.049 ; or rate per 1,000 pop. 10.9. " " 1900,29,494; " " 127. Total deaths from Preventable Disetjes in 1883, 3,787 ; or 17% of total deatha. Total deatha from Preventable Diseaaes in 1900, 1929 ; or 6.5% of total deatha. Or an absolute aaviufr of 1,858 livea from preventable deatha alone, or 60.9 of a decreaae in 17 years, notwithstanding the total death rate has been increased by 8,445 or an increase of 35.0%. The Health Department also advists corporations in regard to the construction of sewerage systems, and makes analyses of samples of water in order to protect the public against pollu- tion in private and public water supplies, and determines the potability of all waters proposed as public supplies for towns. In 1882 there were 12 municipalities in Ontario having public water supplies, and fewer still with sewerage systems ; in 1901 there^ are 105 municipalities with public water supplies, and 52 with systems of town sewerage more or less complete. BUILD UP ONTARIO 8 PROVINCIAL secretary's DBPARTMENT. THE LIQUOR LICENSE LAWS OF THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO. When the Mowat Government took office in 1871. the liquor traffic was under the control of the Municipal Councils of the Province, and licenses to sell liquor were »>"«? ^'y **it "m*"*'-' pality The inspection of hotels was also directed by the Mum- apal Councils by an officer appointed by the Council. As a consequence there was great abuse of the power to issue licenses, and the whole question as to the issue of licenses and the regulation of the traffic entered into municipal politics and seriously affected municipal elections. , ^u d • The first radical change in the license laws of the Province was made in 1876, by an Act commonly known as the ' Crooks Act" bv which the licensing of hot ils and other places for the sale of liquors was placed in the hands of three commissioners for each electoral district, and the inspection of bote s, etc., in the hands of an officer appointed by the Government, known as Inspector of Liquor Licenses. , , „ ^, 'fhe following table gives, in intervals of fiy« y«»"> *^^ JJ"™" bers of each kind of license issued between 1874 and 1900 in- elusive : — „„ , Whole- Year Tavern. Shop. wle. Vewel. Total. 1874.'5 4,793 1.307 52 33 6,185 1879-80 3.199 757 42 22 4,020 1884-5 3,253 676 28 14 3,970 »1888-9 2.066 336 26 17 2.445 1889-90 3,073 446 27 15 3,660 1894-6 2.786 3a7 29 - 3,161 1899-00 2.621 308 21 - 2,950 *Soott Act year. The number of licenses issued in proportion to population was as follows : — 18T». .One to «T« penoni. 1 1900. One to TOO personi. Compari8on toith United States. The following sUtement taken from a late return of the Com- missioner of Inland Revenue of the United States shows the number of licenses issued according to population in several States :— BUILD UP ONTARIO PKOVINCIAL SKCRBTABT's DEPARTMENT. 9 lUinoia One to each 183 MinneaoU. One to each 301 Indiana. " " 247 New York " " 1S4 Iowa " " 289 Ohio " " 203 Michigan •' " 239 MaaaachuaetU. . " " 386 The position of Ontario under the License Act will be better appreciated by the following statement : — Nnmber of organised Manioipalitiea in the Province... 756 Number of organized Municipalitiea where no tayern licenaes are iaaued ^^^ Or twenty per cent, of the whole number. Namber '' Monioipalitiea in which one and not more than two taT«m lioenaea are iaaued 436 Or fifty-aoTen per oent. of the whole number. Number of Municipalities without a shop license 625 Or eighty-two per cent, of the Municipalities of the Province. Same Figures for Canada. According to population, licenses were issued for last year as follows : — Qaebec One to each 635 I Montreal One to each 349 Toronto " " 1000 1 Ontario " « TOO Commitmenta for Drunkenness. The beneficial effect of the improvement made in the license laws is strikingly shown in the reduction of the number of com- mitments for drunkenness. The commitments to gaol according to population were in : — 1876.*. One for every 444 persona I 1892. .One for every 772 parM>na 1882.. " " 561 " I 1900.. " " 836 " Comparison untli Other Province$. Statement of convictions for drunkenness in the Provinces of the Dominion, as shown by Dominion Year Book, 1900 : — Manitoba One to 356 peraons. Ontario One to 828 peraons Quebec " 4«1 " Nova Scotia " 448 " New Brunawick. " 263 " Average for the Dominion, One to 440. ATwrage for Oatario, One to 684. British Columbia Prince Ed. Island The Territories.. 207 ♦' 341 " 180 " BUILD UP ONTARIO 10 PROVINCIAL SECRETARY S DEPARTMENT. Fiftten Tears' Record. The return for each period of five years since 1886 shows » reduction in commitments for drunkenness as follows : In the period from 1886 to 1890 the averse commitmenta were 4,311 For the next five-year period, from 1891 to 1896, the aver- age number of commitmenta had fallen to 2,703 For the next five year period, from 1896 to 1900, the aver- age number had again dropped to 1,920 This Is a decrease in 13 yean of S,S91 This represents a reduction of over £5 per cent., a reduction which will be much emphasized when the larfi^e increase of popu- lation in that time is considered. Ontario thus stands at the head of all the provinces in having a sober people. Education and progressive legislation have brought about these results. Revenue from Tavern, Shop and Wholesale Licenses. Equally noticeable with the falling off in the number of licenses issued under the Crooks Act, is the increase of revenue never- theless derived. One of the provisions of that Act was, that part of this revenue should go to the Province and the remainder to the municipalities, the former assuming, and the latter being relieved from, the sole responsibility of enforcing the law against illicit selling. The following table shows the proportionate revenue accruing to the Province and to the municipalities re- spectively, for the years therein stated : — Municipal Revenue. Provincial Revenue. 1886-7 f 153.716 69 $216,466 78 1887-8 166,979 89 201,542 45 1897 8 259.873 38 268,247 40 1898-9 252 689 90 261,523 IP 18991900 249.496 99 :304,819 68 1900-1 260,482 13 304,676 60 The revenue obtained by the municipalities from the liquor traffic, under the Crooks Act is much greater than was obtained before the enactment of that law, notwithstanding the fact that the number of licenses is less by one-half, and is greater than they would have been receiving now had it not t^en enacted. It may also be stated that while the Act enables Municipal Councils to increase the fees for their own benefit, only 835 of the 756 municipalities have taken advantage of this provision of BUILD UP ONTARIO PROVINCIAL SECRETARY S DEPARTMENT. II the law. It has been urged by the Opposition that the Liquor License Act represents a " robbery " of the municipalities by the Qovernment. The total revenue derived from the liquor licenses since 1876 up to May, 1901, amounts to the sum of $I3,SSB4,- ,f "if ^ complaints were made of the want of machinery for the enforcement of The Canada Temperance Act. commonlv adooTeT *Tb \^^">*^^'" '" ^^e counL in which 'it hTd bet Zil^A K !l "A*^'", ""^r I^o'^'Qion law, and should have bran .•nvo v!^ by theFederal authorities, yet for the sake of the inte, . fts involved, the Government of this Province passed an Act foi the appointment of special Police Magistrates iS all such countTes The Government were asked if they would appoint Police Magistrates for the purposes of the Scott Act, in c2is in Xh the County Councils requested it. To this they agreed Ody Xd fn^ {l,^°""'' ' ^r^ advantage of this arraSgement/and asked for the appointment of Magistrates. The Government complying with the request of the friends of the Scotlicrob tamed from the Legislature authority for the purpose of securb.^ a better observance of the law. ^ «i s^cuud^ Legislation was also passed, providing for the payment of a BUILD UP ONTARIO 20 PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPARTMENT. share of fAie expenses of licence districts in such counties by the County Council, and applying to the cases of such counties, as to such license districts, the provisions of the Liquor License Act and its amendments. This was followed, in 1888, by a measure amending the Liquor License Act, by providing for the appointment of License Com- missioners in counties where the Scott Act was in force, and for the payment of expenses for enforcing the Liquor License Act in such district' or parts of districts ; also for the disposal of the license fund which might accrue in any such district. It should be noted, that in no Province of the Dotninion waa the responsibility of enforcing the Scctt Act assumed by a Pro- vincial Government, eaxept in this Province, and that responsi- bility was assumed by the Liberal Administration, notwith- standing the refusal of the Dominion Parliament to provide the necessary legislation to secure its observance. Commissioners and Inspectors, appointed under the License Act, who were not in sympathy with the Scott Act, were replaced by those who were, in order to ensure that the provisions of the prohibition law would be enforced, and these officers were spe- cially charged with the enforcement of the Act. A prominent and trusted temperance advocate, the late Rev. M*-. Manning, who had some local experience in connection with tae enforce- ment of the License Act, was also appointed by the Government, and placed in the Head Office, specially charged with the duty of supervising the work of the Inspectors, and seeing that the prov,is- ions of the Scott Act were enforced. The death of Mr. Manning having rendered vacant the position he had occupied with such satisfaction to the temperance community, the Government ap- pointed to the vacancy Mr. J. K Stewart, of Ottawa, whose repu- tation as a leading temperance advocate was provincial in its character. Temperance in Public and Separate Schools. In addition to the restriction and reduction of licenses it may be mentioned (though not directly connected with the License Department), tht under the school regulations temperance and hygiene fonn part of the course of study in all the public and separate schools of the Province, the number of pupils receiving instruction in these subjects having risen from 33,924 in 1882 to 219,776 last year. Another gratifying result of tha progressive tendency of license legislation, is the improved character of the hotels of the Province, in comfort, equipment, sanitary and other conveniences BUILD UP ONTARIO N