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Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre film6s d des taux de reduction diffirerts. Lorsque le document est trop grand pcur Atre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film6 A partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. rata lelure. 1 2 3 I2X 1 2 3 4 5 6 \ T MINISTERIAL BDUCATION. 'v". :t;\r TWO DlBOOURSESi teLlVER^D tN tite ON FRIDAY, BEfrteMtiER U, 1340, ON OCCASION OF THE OPENING 0^ THE CONGREGATIONAL ACADfiMY* »V THte REV. A. LiLLliii Tutor to thie Instilutioni, , ' » -^ IT-nY-"-i Hi vCvV ■> tllE BECOi^b ht ttifi llEV. W. P. WAgtELL^ Of Hamiltoiifc Jrt. ;^' LESSLIE, brothers, i^UbLiSHER^'f WK; II. BUSTEED, rRINTHIlv 1840» :f '; ' . fi If ■ » ; *" ■ ■ - t I '-f t H A 7/ .'i ff rr :'i >i 'Aiif '< j« ' i . i • It . ; ! i . 1 • I Hoi oC the the ciu »'nh h this pc must I behavi striker vetous jection house, lost be Pevil. out ; U {Tit. 1 faithful blameh given I hospita fast the sound ( Oft matoly here e: repute, possess tion ani the eiri( ihfi'm I h.'' •^i <^'^i:ilw4imiH DISCOURSE FIRST«?i(i »«•.( Uj*r '>** rnAa Jf ATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF MJNISTERIAI^ EDUCATIQN, . ..J .. •I >0l^ HbLDfj^o CnRiAiP to be thd Head of the Church, and the Ministry of the Gospel to be ^1*9 Institution, we recognize the right to prescribe tiie (jualiQc&tioas requisite for the exercise of its functions as resting; with him. On referring to tlie Sacred Oracles to ascertain (3hrist*s wiil en this point, we find it written, (1st Tim., 3, 2-7,) that " a Bisliop must bo blameless, the husband of one wife, vigilant, sober, of good behaviour, given to hospitality, apt to teach, not given to n'lnc* no strikor, not greedy of filthy lucre ; but patient, not a brawler, not co- vetous ; one that ruleth well his own house, having his children in sub' jection wiih all grar/ity, (for if a man know not how to rule Kit owa house, how shall he take care of the Church of God,) not a novice, lost boing lifted up with pride, ho fall in'o the condemnation of the Pevil. Muroover, he must have a good report of them that are with?- out ; lest ho full into reproach anil the snare of the Devil/* Again, (Tit. 1, C-9,) " if any be blameless, the husband of or^e i»'ife, having faithful children, not accused of riot or unruly. For a J^ishop must be blameless as the steward of Qqd ; m)t seliVwilled, not soon angry, not given to wine, no striker, not given to filthy lucre { but a loycr of hospitality, a lover of good men, sober, just, holy, temperate; holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught, that he may be able by sound doctrine both to cohort and convince the gainsayers/' Of those who " desire the office of a Bishop,-' or viho may legitir matoly be appointed to it, four distinct elenie^ts of quali^cation are here exacted--i>namely, piety, confirmed, eminent and proven, good repute, aptness to teach, and capacity for ruling; All of these must be possessed, the first two being indispensable for the removal of obsiruc* tion and the supply of facilities in the minister's work, the last two for the efficient discharge of his ordinary duties. They should meet top ihti in liiij;host (jiegree it) wh;ch the^r are capable of bcinjg^ fxjjjnd united« mm \ On llio necessity of ardent, self- denying, evidenced piety in the ml- tiistry, we will not insist, because spii-itua) men, whether in their in< dividual character as christians or their collective capacity as churches, hold it to bo a prime requisite — a sine qua non. To receive Into tho ministry men wjtose piety is doubtful, in to put the whole aims of thu oHice in peril, to brave the most sacred and imperative of the Divine injunctions, to make certain provision for the ruin of souls. What shall Im) said then of introducing to it those whose impiety is open, those in reference to whom there is evidence that their object is to ob- tain surreptitiously a rcspectulto station, or to secure a piece of bread? The parties who countenance such a procedure, we ho)d to be guilty of conspiracy against all that is most valuable or essential for man, and all that most involves tho effectuation of God^s best pur- poses, and the honor of his great and holy name. To be an ungodly minister is to iiustain one of the most inconsistent and revolting of characters, to occupy one of the most perilous positions in which the tnalice of Satan, or his own depravity can place a human being. ,mW£ consider it equally unnecessary to detain you with any length- ened deraonstretion of tho indispensabloness of good repute to a mi- nister. If the faults of private Christians be imputed to the Gospel, and constitute an impodiment to its spread, it is to be expected that special advantage will be taken of improprietios of conduct on the part of those who preach if. Against the world's mode of judging in these cases we protest as most unfair and iri&iion;^), in- as-much as both reason and justice arc violated by holding any thing accountable for what it condemns, or what it is its aim and tendency to oairect. Still tl)e fapt is that the world docs thus judge, and that henoe much evil is constantly arising. Character we, therefore, conceive tntitled to rank next to piety in ministerial qualification, ink niiii* '• err? *j«tilJ lU , As to aptness to teach and capacity for ruling, or managing, there qught to be no more dispute than on the points to which we have been adverting. It is a fuct that these are demanded of the pastor, while they form no part of the required qualifications for the Deacon's of- Ace, or of the descriptions given of the elements of the Christian cha- racter. What plainer evidence than this could we desire of the Pas- ^Pf'l l^eing chargpd wjth t|ie ce^ro pf lUo Pluueh's cdificqtioq? Jt 19 not rcq tho vie weight it ftom to then for pre! of the (Eph. i Stints, CiriiisT speciall upon to TiiA- aptness super- a niultituc attach ni cicnt iti friends, a very SDStainii tinctioii ing to tl to accon member with res in quest we thini To a| must he possess, taught, 1 doctrine tives, its proper c amount k> in tho ml- I their in- churches, into tho ims of the he Divine Is. What r is open, }t is to ob- 1 piece of ve hok) to : essential t best pur- n ungodly volting of wliich tl)o ling* (<'»■?:>, ny length- to a ini« e Gospel, acted that lot on tho judging in ch as both ntablo for 3ct. Still iich evil is ed to rank ing, there lave been tor, whiio icon*s of- stian cha« ' the Pas- Ht Jt is ^ not requisite for tho object of this discourse, or for tho viiulicatton of tho views of those \v|)o plead fur niinistetiul education, that its wholo weight should devolve on him. If more bo required with respect to it Horn him than from others, ho must possess superior qualifications to them, for the Bible grants nothing to mere office, bjt exucts fitness for prescribed duties as a pre-requsilo for their exercise, Tho joining of the pastorate and the teaching in one ofTicc, in Paul's enumeration (Eph. iv, 11, 12,) of tho provision made "for the perfecting of tho Siints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of CiiiiisT," is a further proof, if more were wanting, that the Bishop is specially entrusted with the Church's instruction, and not merely called upon to contribute his sliare to it. ' • - ' ' ■ •" • That, In tho Apostle's opinion, piety docs not of itself conslituto aptness to teach, is shewn by his requiring the aptitude in question in super-addition to it. Facts also prove that it does not, for we meet with multitudes cf whose saving acquaintance with the truth and warmth of attachment to it we have the most satisfactory evidence, who are defi- cient in the power of teaching. In private stations, as parents or friends, they may be qualified to render themselves useful ; but that is a very different thing from teaching in the Church, especially front sustaining the responsibility of the Church's instruction. Of this dis-> tinctioti those lose sight who plead for the right of teaching as belong- ing to the brcthern in common. Moreover, if ability to teach be jicld to accompany the belief of the Gospul, so as to be an attribute of tho monibers of the Church generally, we reduce tho Apostle's rcquisitioit with respect to the Pastor, to a demand, that in regard to the quality in question ho shall not be inferior to his breth^rn, which would look, we think, very much like an absurdit}', To aptness to teach, an acquaintance with the things to be taught must he requisite, as we cannot possibly communicato what we do not posses?, It is not siniply the rudiments of the gospel which are to be taught, but every thing comprised within it and connected with it — it^ doctrines, its precepts, its promises, its hopes, its principles, its mo- tives, its ends, its tendencies, its relations. But the full elucidation an^ proper employment of these call for a large amount of knowledge, aq amount of it greatly surpassing wlit^t is needed for the bare $alvittiu(| ^ of tlio soul, or the oidci itig of tlic goneral conduct, or tlin fulfilment of private duties. Yet in the lurgost degree in which it may be possessed or is ca[)ablc of being acquired, this knowledge forms only tlio niato^ rial which is to bo conveyed. For its conveyuncc, there i?' wanted bo- sides the art o! teaching or communication; which must include an ac- quaintance with tiie powers and principles of lang^^uagc, as that consti« tutes the vehicle of communication; a general knowlcdgo '"-f the mind's iDodes of action, as it is to that we have to address ourselves ; a fami- liarity with the laws and sources of evidence, as we must bo prepared to furnish proof of what we state ; with a capability of reasoning, as wo shall have prejudices and pre-possessions and fancied interests to con- tend with and guinsayers to refute. Witli inspiration superadded to his natural capacity and accjuircd endowments, Paul exclaims, "who is sufficient for these things?" How does his diflidcnco reprove thp vanity which conceives itself qualified wiili its contracted views and acquisitions for a work so peculiar, so arduous, so important, so respon- sible. Over and above what we have noticed as necessarily implied in apt* ness to teach, the minister of the Gospol ought to possess a knowledgtt of the languages in which the Scriptures are written. It is unbeconiT ing in him to be obliged to take their meaning on trust. Such a kno«> ledge is, moreover, an important aid to t'o obtaining of the clear views of Divine truth, which it should be his endeavour to possess, if it Lo not indispensable to them, He should understand besides and be able to apply the principles of interpretation. With the contents of iho sacred volume he should be intimately and fully acquainted, with the evidences of its Divine original, with the history of the Church, and with the intention and duties of the pastoral ofllce. We kaow in fact of nothing within the wide field of science, properly so called, with xvhlch he would not find it advantageous to be conversant, of nothing within his reach of which he should not strive to make himself master, not for purposes of display nor for any ends of his own ; but for the honour of his I^onu and the benefit of his fellow-men. Be his occupation what it may, a right-minded man will act In a goi- nerous spirit in regard to tlie measure of qualification for it which ho ,«ceks to possess, Jt will not satisfy hiin to be able to pass muster in i^ Review of fitno will spe importa duties I Is incun qualifie gageme should 1 with tin latcd to universj those wl ment.' - their mc motives return. compass Calvary love. C while thi give, wh has the i pointmei fr, would " clap tl The s land phyi jtake. I jcompletc >y carof should b lervico t )0wer dc ings whi( t8 heart p iininiont of } posscssud tlio ninto* wanted bo- ludo an ac- hat consti' the mind's s ; a fumi- prepared ning, as wo 3sts to con- craddcd to inis, " who •cprove thq [ views and so lospon- lied in apt' knowledgo 5 unbeconiT ch a Icnott''' clear views ss, if it 1)0 tnd be ablo nits of tho d, with the hurch, and low in fact ailed, with of nothing slf master, but for the ct in a gOf [ which ho nustcr m 9 Review of his profi'ssion. lie will u'lm at lliolilgliost allainabh! dogicd of fitness for it. Tiio idea of voluntarily stopping short of this ho ivill specially scorn, will shrink from it as a crime, where ho believes important consequonces to bo dependent on tho manner in which Ids duties arc performed. iJeyond all others this gencrousncss of spirit is incumbent on the minister. He should never look upon himself as qualified fur bis ofTicc, if ho manages to get through his teaching en- gagements, whatever the name by which they may be called, but should labour constantly and assiduously to present the glorious truths with the proclamation of which ho is intrusted, in the way best caIcu-< lated to secure tho ends of their communication. If there be in tho universe an employment which demands or is entitled to the best of those who are charged with it, the Christian ministry is that employ- mcnl. The highest talents arc honoured by it, it affords full scope foi* their most vigorous exercise, supplies the strongest and most sacred motives to it, and pledges as its reward the richest and most enduringt return. God and man, heaven and hell, time and eternity, justice and compassion, self-love and philanthrophy all urge it. Gethsemane and Calvary plead for it by their wondrous manifestations of redeeming love. Can he be worthy of tho ministry, or fitted for if, wlio is capable, while thus adjured, of measuring out with a nigard hand what lie must give, who can endure the thought of holding back any thing which he lias tho means of bying at h^s feet who bled fur him 1 Can any ap-* pointmetit entitle such an one to exercise the ministry ? If found in It, would not bot!i the Church and tho world be justified in uniting to- " clap their hafids at him and hiss him out of his place 1" The supposition that our obligations are met if we give our time and physical energies snd hearts to tho minisiry, is altogether a mis-* take. Richly as nature endows us, it gives us nothing in a state of completeness. It merely implants seeds which it leaves us to develope y careful cultivation. It is in their matured state that our energies hould bo consecrated to God. We render him but a portion of the ervico we owo, if we present them to him in any other. Physical ower derives its value chiefly from the skill which guides and the feel- ngs which prompt and actuate it. While pioty may be regarded as ts heart, we may consider intelligence as constituting its eyes and Us lr.'nd«. Willi ilic oim of llioso, cliooso wliioh you may, It cannot porfunn tlio sorvicn wliich i( is qualifiod to render tliroiigli llio union of llio two. Tlio minister slioiild give liis whole mnn, liis entire nature to his Loni), in the best state in which ho cnn ofTur it — all thnt Divine grace and his own exertions can inukc it. To do otherwise, disguise it under what name we please, is to net most unworthily) to make our'' »ulves cliargable y^Uh tliu sin of robbing him for whom we should hold ojrselves ready to live or die. 'u'.K I > . I .' .» ; . k, .1 '. - The prejudice which exists in tho minds of some good people against what they cull secular learning, oft-times prophane literature, is as in- jurious as it is unfounded. It would seem as if they deemed it a con-" trivance, if not tho very concentration of human depravity. But it is far otherwise. True learning Is the knowledge of what God Iris (lone and is doing in the departments which it embraces, tho know- ledge of his creations in the worlds of mind and matter, of the objects at which he aims through these, of the adaptations which ho has given them for their designed ends) of the principles on wliich he manages them. In such knowledge as this what is there objectionable 1 what that may fairly bo held as dangerous cither to a ministor*s spirit or )iis usefulness] With the Christian it should never bo necessary to plead the cause of kncwiedgei His religion has nothing to fear from it, but every thing to hope, /or it will only sliow its beauty, make its heavenly origin manifest, illustrate its claims. Instead of scorn or an* tipathy, he owes it a debt of gratitude, for it acts to him as an Inter- preter of the mind of the spirit. Without its aid the volume which constitutes the charter of his hopes, the guide of his feet, the source of his strength, which is the object of his warmest and most admiring love, must have remained, in great measure if not entirely, a sealed The prejudice we are combating is not a little confirmed by the mis* application of certain scriptures. Without adverting to the difference in the things comprehended under the terms in their present signification as compared with those to which they were appropriated in Paul's days, the parties to m horn wc refer, hold his lauguage with respect to the systems of quibbling which then passed for learning and philoso- phy, ns characteristic of the things which bear thssc names noW) ond npply t about : tho hid boar, a olijccti so unfu the sai pooplo their a painto( to the criticis would sacred and CJ( is hard has noi Agaiiif sounds those \ Ihatth thcmai matics exaniii ours, V cover I Dot Hion th tion w involv Wlm\ as to e la . mm 9 i', it en n not ho uiiiun o( re nature to tlint Divino se, disguiso > mako ouf- should hold t . 1 .• ,^».% opie against ire, is as in- ed it a con* \y. But it It God has , tho know- the objects 10 has given le manages ablo 1 what r*s spirit or ecessary to to fear from ly, make its icorn or an* IS an Intcr- lume which , the source >st admiring ly, a sealed by the mis* le difTercnco signification i in Paulas I respect to ind philoso- es noW) and np|)ly to tlic jailor what he aunod at tl.o fornior. Tlii^ is a coiir>n about as l.ii. and rcasoiiablo ns would l>o tlio making drawings of all tlio ludicrous articles of funiiinrc or dross wliith may have cliiinced to bear, any whcro or at any tinio, the samo nauios, fjr tlio purpose of objecting tlieir united di.'formity or folly, to the things wliiclt may bo so unfortunate as to bo called by these names now, or appropriated to the same uses — as If we should bring togoilier and altributo to any people now liviiig all ihc discreditable lliir)t;s which we find writtcq of their ancestors or their predecessors in the possession of tho soil, the painted bodies and bare thighs, for instance, of the ancient Britons to tho 13. itons of the nineteenth century. Before such a system of criticism what is there that would stand? If universally applied, it would run down nearly every thing venerable or res|)ectaljli', or ev )ii sacred. Suppose it to be adopted, for example, wiih the words CJod and Gospel, what, cvoh in that case, would be the result, si eing there is hardly any absurdity or wickedness for which sonjc party or other has not made them st:ind, or whieli it has failed to identify with them. Against things anatbemas may be directed, but to hurl llicui r.t mere sounds, haimonizes ill wiJi the intelligence which we expect from those «ho would be considered reformers. Sir Walter Scott tells us* that tho laws of Conslantine apply the term, " ArsMatliematica," Ma- thematic Art, to Sorcery. Must we hence hold the present nuitlio- matics as liable to tho charge of sorcery 1 We question whether an examination of the things denominated Piiilosopliy in Paul's days and ours, would, in some of their more important deparlments at least, dis- cover between them a much closer resemblance than in the above cas'\ Dues it not seem strange that, while in every other mental occupa- tion the value of knowledge is so much felt, there should be any hesita- tion with respect to it, not to sa v denial of it, where consequences are involved so ii.:portant as tho glory of God and the salvation of man ? What is there in ignorance so estimablo, what so precious in its fruits as to entitle it to an everlasting lease of the pulpit ? Instead of cove- ring the niiniiter's eyes lest the sun's light should penetrate them, wo would lead him as near the glorious luminary as he could bear, that lip * I^etters on Witchcraft and Dernonolosy. P "•"» f'Mi'iH^ '»«■ is^ 10 mJglit bo assisted by tlic fiilncss and bilpbtnoss of its rays, to descry tbo wonders of the Crosj)el he is commissioned to publish. Could ho command an Angel's intellect he would find these give him occupa- tion enouj;!), for oven Angels, vast as are their powers, with all their previous kno'vlcdgo, and notwilhstanding' their position by the very source of light, are declared to " look unto" them, or make them tho subject of their most interested and attentive study. Let it not be imagined that we would substitute mental culture or the exercise of thought for action. It is as impcUants to action and guides in if, that we urge them — that the multiplied springs of action may be opened, that a spirit of untiring energy may be infused into it, that it may bo so directed as to make it yield the best possible rci suits. For action ilwro are no substitutes. It Is the end for which our capabilities have been given, every voice calls, evtry motive promp's to it. By the mercies which it displays the cross beseeches tis to " present our bodies a living sacrifice, unto God, holy and accepr tabic, which is our reasonable seivico.*" Be our acquisitions what they may, if we do not act wo throw them away. We will here only further remark that the light in which we would have professional training for the ministry regarded, is as an aid tow- ards the discharge of its duties, not as a pre-requisitc in all cases indis- pensable. With those who feel rightly in regard to the sacred office, it is unnecessary that we should take higher ground. Acting on the generous principle of which we have already spoken, they will seek or give, as the case may be, all that they can command or bestow. By the opponents of ministerial education, it is objected that nei- ther the Aposdes nor the primitive ministers of the Gospel were edu- cated men, whence they argue against the prppriety or advantage af guch education now. So far as relates to the Apostles we find it impossible to repress onr astonishment at the inconsideiateness of the objection we haveju?t named. I>o the parties by whom it is brought forget that the Apostles were inspired! or will they deny their Inspiration to have been qiialifi-» cation enough for them ? What comparison is there between them and common uneducated Christians? Boiwecn them and the most cultiva- * Hoiniuis, xii, 1. tod and compari h not n ur teacl: a labor involve By the 1 make u| to whic them it Church EVEP inspired rial edu and a h incompi feet of ish Ral WlIE were u muliiux faith.' " these s preache ever, h? believe preacht seems i version ft'clivel kind of to perfc lion wii correct in the ( 11 i, to doscry Could ho iin occupu- ith nil their y the very e them thq I culture or action and s of action nfuscd into possible rcf 1 for which ry motive beseeches and accep-? itions what 1 we would in aid tow- rases indis- cred office, ing on the / will seek bestow. J that nci- were edu- vantage af repress our 3 have jujt le Apostles jen qualify n ihcm and ost cultiva- ted and onhu'gcd of uninspired minds wc would not dare to iiislilulc a comparison: the tiiouglit of it we would repudiate as gross impiely. It is not men who equal the Apostles iliat we propose sending to school or teaching. Shew us such, and we will not mprely exempt theni from a labor so unnecessary, fron> the indignity which such an attempt would involve ; but we will gladly place ourselves at their feet as learners.—^ By the things taught ordinary believers, we would make no pretence to makeup the diflferettce between them and the Apostles, The utmost to which VD would aspire-, would be to render them, or rather assist them In becoming Correct Interpreters of their writings, that the Church and the world might reap the full advantage of them. Even on the supposition, however, that the Apostles had been un- inspired, they would not suit tht^ purpose of the objectors tu ministe-" rial education, because eleven out of the twelve enjoyed three years and a half of the persbual instruction of the Saviour himself, the best incomparably of all teachers, while the twelfih was brought up at the feet of Gamiliel, one of the most learned and renouned of the Jew- ish Rabbis. When it is asserted of the niinisters of primitive times, that they were uneducated, more is afRrmed than can be proven. A "great muhilude of the Priests are declared to have become 'obedient to the liiith.' " What is there improbable in the supposition that numbers of these and of the educated heatheil Who were converted^ became preachers of the truth ? We do not say that it was sov It may, how- ever, have been, and while such is the fact it is too much to ask us to believe in tbe absence of all testimony to that cflect, that the first preachers df the Gospel were uneducated men. The case of Apollos Seems an example of the kind we have supposed, who after his con- version, only required, in order to his bein^ qualified for preacliingef- ft'clively, to be more perfectly instructed in the way of God: which kind oflice love to Christ and to souls induced Aquila and Priscilla to perform for liinl. TuiiitE is further an oversight here which would destroy the objec- tion with which we are dealing, were the premises whence it is drawn correct, namely the fact, that in iIid times referred to there were gifts ill the Church which would supply dcficicnccs in the ordinary pastors* 1«J 1 which properly constitute the education^ Propriety and readiness of thought and action, with the power of communication, form the most valuable part of these results, tn proportion as these are possessed the individu*! endowed with them is educated, though he should never have entered a collegc-door or como within siglit of its outeimost courts, though he should have enjoyed no tuition beyond what God and his own consci'' enllous diligence may have given him ; wliile he who is deficient in these respects is uneducated even though he should have spent a life time in study, though he should have been privileged with the instruc" lion of the best masters in existence) were the whole of the Lite* rary Institutions on the globe uniting in conferring upon him their most flattering distinctions. To the extent, therefore, to which it goes the usefulness which is made the ground of objection tn niinisltrial education, proves those on whose labours it has been subsequent to be educated in the propor sense of the designation. Although in even- tual attainment there might have been a difiercncc, it is in the greater ease and speed witli which they would have reached any given point rather than in that, that such would hive been advantaged by a course of training. It is therefore the expense, (the expense of *ime and la» hour, both of which arc of iiiestiniablo value in the ministry,) rather than the fact of their education which is adected by their enjoyment wr deprivation of the fucililies of such a course* TlIK it will BKt is very knows trades, equally as well those Vt person the per woll-st< signed, object depart! possess' ceived his dilij equal, fort of love of we ma^ us to d( If it we are ciplcs w further (Q erroi 15 TiiF^ riiblc, wc arc (oU, is enough for ilio ruinislcr, if he .*tuJy thai, it will furnish him siilTicicntly fir his work. . ' ,1: -r.y,'.},, Bk tho subject to which we apply ourselves what it may our success Is very much dependent on the skill which we bri:ig to il. Every one knows that an individual ignorant of any of the common mechanical trades, will not in tho same time produce an equal amount of work equally finished as a person acquainted with it. In study there is an art as well as in other things, and one muth more difficult to learn than those who have not tried it are inclined to believe. The study of a person uninstructed in this art will be much loss fruitful than that of the person who is instructed in it — who has tho assistance in it of a well-stored and well-disciplined mind. Ministerial education is de- signed, not to supercede but to aid the study of the Bible, as it is the object of the telescope and the microscope to reveal, not to cloud the departments of nature to which they are applied. As the man who possesses thedo and knows how to use them discovers wonders unpcr-^ ceived by others, so he who knows best how to study the Bible will, his diligence and love of truth and dependence on Divine aid being equal, bring most out of it for the quickening and edification and com-> fort of those for whose souls he is appointed to watch. An enlightened love of the Bible, instead of making us despise any thing by which we may be assisted in acquiring a knowledge of it& contents, will urge us to do our best to make ourselves masters of it, If it be said that practice will give the minister the faculty on which we are insisting, our reply is, that practice conducted on wrong prin-« ciplcs will do no such thing, but will, on tiio contrary, lead further and further from truth and simplicity and give confirmation and prevalence tQ error, To be beneficial the practice must bo guided by fixed and just principles. The aim of professional training is to teach those principles — >so to incorporate them with the mind that the best modes of prcc.-je may be adopted-^to give in some small measure at least the advantage of a pre-liminary experience, ere the full responsibility is assumed of a work in which there is so much dependent on cor'* rcctness. ' • ■ •'■''■- ■-■■<■ ■ ■ .'i ■'■') TiiG notion, that tho minister should know nothing and think of »i\olliin£; but the I>ible is founded on a gross nrsconception, on the ideOj le m m It namely, lliat llio T>iblo is llniltcd in its vit;\vs and roferrncos. Tliosc •fnibiacc tlic uiiivciso jii all its extent and all its interests, altliouj>li in un unequal degree. Tiil, tlieieforc, we have exli lUstcd tliat we can- not exhaust the Bible. The question is not whether the J3ib!e shall or shall not be the thing which the minister sImU aim at knowing. That admits of no dispute. It should be so. It must be so. Where there is even an approximation to a right spirit it will be so. The question h — whether the knowledge of the Bible shall be superficial or intimate, limited or general, confused or distinct, mistaken or correct, partial or thorough. The Biblical knowledge of the mun who acts in the spirit of the objection will, we are persuaded, be much below what it might be were his views juster and more enlarged, much, very much below what the ministry culls for. So far as his opportunities allow the minister ought to have a gene- ral acquaintance wiih the entire field of human knowledge. How much he will be assisted thereby in tracing out the relations of the Gospel which are infinite, and in finding occasions and means of com- mending it to his fellow-men, is well illustrated by many of the works which it is not less the honor of the age in which we live to have pro- duced, than it is its privilege to enjoy them. That the minister should stand in the midst of the light which is shining around him, an example of gothic darkness; that when the whole world besides is moving onward, he should lag behind is most unseemly. In the march of knowledge he should advance .with the foremost, should be found among the leaders, if not taking the lead. As far as possible he should concentrate in himself all that is lovely. But in beauty and worth knowledge r ands next to virtue, (which is but another name for piety in all ih^ variety of its manifestations,) who$o hand-maid it is. ■• = r . . ,i , i ;, . , Learnino, we are reminded, makes men proud, whereas it becomes the ministers of the Gospel to he patterns of humility. Does pride, we would ask, never show itself among the ignorant? The truth is it is very deeply seated in our nature, and ii is ever ready, for the strengthening of itself, to take advantngo of whatever it can find. Any thing by which it may secure the distinction which it covets will suit its tc'ste, There are men 'vho are proud of their vices and others \ tlicmsel Nkx' subvers is he ii: comes s time to may ha seizes o his knc learned self ma formed in impo learned pride ol they mt we hav! understi why are pride, ii ledge is , If yc instead cessful. be undo the pres sit grate The •PS. Those aItliout>Ii ill liat we can- iiblc shall or nng. Tiiat Vhoio there 'he question or iniiinate, :t, partial or in the spirit hilt it might nuch below lave a gnnc- 3t1ge. How (ions of the ans of coni- »f the works ■o have pro- ;ht which iK t when the lind is most ICC with the ng the lead, lat is lovely, s^hich is but ions,) whoso s it becomes e ignorant? ! ever ready, Uover it can ich it covets ir vices and 17 others who are proud of their Ignorance as well as those who value themselves on their knowled'/e. , . . - NicxT to the action of the Gospel upon it we know of nothing so subversive of pride as knowledge. The more a man learns, the more is ho impressed with a conviction of his deficiencies. These he be- comes so anxious to have s. ;plied, that he has neither disposition nor time to indulge in self-complacency on account of the little which ha may have acquired. It is the littleness of a man's own mind which seizes on knowledge as a means of display, that makes him proud, not his knowledge. No proud man is entitled to the designation of learned. Of some of the terms of learning he may have made him- self master, he may know how to make his lillle pass with the unin- formed for much, he may oven succeed by his verbosity and impudence in imposing on those who are regarded as the more shrewd; but truly learned ho is not, else ho would be humbli*. Who ever hoard of the pride of a Newton, or a Bacon, or a Locke, or a Brown \ Faults they may have had ; no dcubt they had ihem, for they were men ; but ,1 we have yet lo learn that pride has been imputed to them by parties understanding their characters. If knowledge necejsai lly begets pride, why are not Angels proud? W.:y, with reverence be it spoken, is not pride, in that case, one of the attributes of the Deity seeing liis know- ledge is infinite. . If you desire humility to characterize the minister of the Gospel, instead of curtailing his knowledge, increase it and you will be suc- cessful. Give him a sufficiency of it, of the riglit kind, and let hiin be under the proper influence, and you will make him cover his face in the presence of the very least of his master's servants — will make hiiji sit gratefully in the dust at his feet as a learner. The last of the objections to which we shall at present advert is— the alleged tendency of ministerial education to form ministers into a class and to cause them to make a trade of preaching, Wii should be glad to bo informed how any number of men, large or small, .an hold any particular place or discharge any particular olfice without being constituted a class by the simple fact. It is not men's being formed into classes which renders them either mischievous or bcncficiul ; but the principles by which they arc actuated and tho IS I id' uses to wliidi tlioy put tlicir united slionglli and innuoncp. Isolation is as destructive of power for good as for ovil. Let ministers bo ani- mated by a right spirit, the spirit of their master; and let them act j-roperly — as he commands then); and the more closely they are linked and the more firmly they are bound together, the better will it be, not only for themselves, but for the Church and the world. If by what is called making a trade of preaching, be meant preach- ing for the mere purpose of obtaining a livelihood, wo admit its mean- ness and wickedness ; and those who are guilty of it we give up, un- less they repent, to the tender mercies of their assailants. How small soever these may be they are quite as much as they deserve. But, il" the phraseology signify the receiving of necessary support in return for the consecration of heart, and time, and talents to the service of tlio Church, wo refer the objector to iiini whom he calls his master, as being the author of the arrangement with which he presumes to find fault. It is an ordination of the Lord " that tl'cy who preach the Gospel should live of the Gospel."* In vain will ho attempt to meet this by adducing Paul's action at Corinth. It is this same Paul who gives us the law which we have just quoted, and who, besides the briefer notices of it which he throws in on other occasions, employs, in the very instance on which the objector founds, a considerable part of a chapter in tiio illustration of its reasonableness; who declares dis- ] tinctly his right to the enjoined provision, and protests against the drawing, from the fact of his being then induced by peculiarity of cir- cumstances to wave it, any inference to his disadvantage. Be it remembered, moreover, that as Paul was only one of the j twelve, even supposing his conduct in this instance to have been aspe* cimen of his conmion mode of procedure, the reverse of which was the fact, the ol>joctor would still have eleven to one against him ! The respect for the Apostles which would transmute the temporary action of one into a condemnation of the ordinary course of the rest we must be excused either admiring or comprehending. On them the blow aimed at us must first fall. Through them alone can we be reached. We would not be severe, yet we think there is something, from which an honorable mind should shrink, in the idea of those who are * %^ Coiinlhian?, ix, U. . Isolalion iters bo ani- Ict tlltMll oct sy are linked ill it be, not jant preach- lit its mean- ;ive up, un- How small ve. But, if )rt in return jrvice of tlio i master, as jmes to find preach the iipt to meet ! Paul wlio besides tlio s, employs, lerable part eclares dis- against the \ iriiy of cir- ; one of the ] been a spe- which was Itiim ! The rary action ■ 3St e energy C would WG ould we be ; communi- k we would found cor-* cs,and ac- 1 respect to will never SI wliicii will losuli from tlioiu will bo mainly dotcnniiicd. (Jvcrboih of these a ministry of iliu right sort would bu calculated to exert a very happy influence. Such a ntinistry bo it your aim to provide — a minis- try which shall stand pro-ciuinont fur pioty, and intelligence, and zeal; which shall be qiiulified to lead, and shall Ivad in every ihin^ I'oly, and enlightened, and disinterested, and noble ; in whatsoever things are purest and loveliest and of best report — a large-hearted ministry, which shall niako all it can find its care, whether white, or red, cr black. Provide such a ministry in proper numbers, and " the wilder- ness and tho solitary place shall be glad for them; and the desert shall rejoice and blossom as the rose;" "the blessing of many who aro ready to perish" will come upon you; your brethren at homo who aru so generously assisting you, wil! feel themselves more (ban repaid for their exertions on your behalf; unborn and grateful millions will honor your memory; your gracious Lono will vouch-safo you his high com- liiendatioii and grant you an everlasting reward. What wc can do to aid you in this work, we pledge ourselves, will God's help, to do. On him we rely to give us, in answer to your prayer and through his blessing on our own conscientious, unremitting endeavour, what is needful for the successful discharge of the duties with which you aro honoring us. May wc all have occasion, may thousands and tens of thousands who have yet to be, have occasion for endless gratitude on account of tho measures which wc arc now adop- tiilg. To God, and my Brethren, and the Churches, I commend n>y- self and my charge — Ouu Infant Hopk. Mr • I I ,^ ♦ . - r , . ■',1. • !i. ! ;:i I. )rn, is very m tho cha- 1 fancy, but t. By tho ow form — ' tho effects . . I - . 2'i II •'.7 '• I . i.t ' ■ I, (<'>4 Mki„M'l ^J*« ^) '111 '■' i.i.ii Ji ,H ;,, DISCOURSE SECOND. ■,,,,.(,.,., ,,^ ., I'o ilio Representatives of the Cliurches "of tlio Congregatlunal Unions of Upper and Lower Canada," allow me lo say, tliat I am not in the situation of my own choice ; siill I am not disin- '^ - clincd to it, it inspires my hulicst solicitudes, and is associated with my holiest delights. '•':"'■-'>-''■ * ■ -; )..;':'S • - . ' *ro you my dear junior Biclhrcn I may observe that the senior minis* ters of our Union have appointed mo to deliver to you a charge^ bearing in the first place on the studies you are to pursue, and in the second on the method of pursuing them. ~ 1 HAVE desired that such charge should bo characterized by two fea- tures, viz. plainness and point : through these media I entreat you ^ to look at what will now bo placed before your view. This pro- duction is the fruit of my prayers for you. Spirit of all grace make it conducive to the interests of our dear Academy ! HtM, I' ixll. Idtj (..:,1 ■J'. A-.. " WisDoat is profitable to direct." This is an inspired aphorism» the validity of which cannot be questioned, and the application of which in i/our case my devoted brethrca, cannot bo mistaken. Wis- dom may be defined to be, •' the faculty of conceiving and perceiving accurately, the former act of the mind, discriminating that which ori- ginates with ourselves, the latter that which originates with others ; by which we attain to a correct knowledge both of men and of things, it also includes the power of ap|)lying the knowledge thus gained, with aptness and readiness to the best purpose." This view of the ab- stract principle, must so commend itself to your judgment, both in the prosecution, of your present studies and in !he pursuit of your ulterior designs, as to shut up the mind to the one conviction, " that wisdom is the principal thing," and so as to brace the energies to prepare for the onward moveracntj urged by the one admonition, "therefore got wis- dom." But as the term wisdom may be considered a genus, the spe- cies of whicli arc various and innumerable, and us there arc " wise mon I mon' orators havo fii soared ornam( the La duty, n pariicu both ai which V win the divine t j)rove V first pui cy and superna for whil ginates pastors of the t In si ever va rect." CrOD OU must be feet gift no vari among ; berally You ing you ; as those charucti I the full \\\o fiict • lt.t« . Let that book be your first and best, thus you will draw your information from the fountain head, thus in God's light you will see light, thus you will be prepared to "preach the word." You will try every thing by this, decide every thing by this, sanctify every thing by this. " To the law and to the testimony if they speak not according to these it b because there is no light in them." • •. . y. IL Wb may secondly advert to what you are to communicate, in order to prove, that you are able ministers of the New Testament. — ■ The state of piety and morality in any age or country, is, to a very considerable extent, proportioned to the prevailing character of the public ministry. Wherever the truths of Chrlsiianiiy are exhibited in their native simplicity and harmony, and enforced upon the atten- tion with becoming warmth and energy, they are attended with the most transforming efficacy, elevating those who cordially receive them into a higher and happier state of being, and even raising those who are brought, but partially under their influence, into a better system of moral opinion and conduct. But where the grand doctrines of the Gospel are obscured by the refinenjents of a false philosophy, or adul- terated by other human admixtures, or where a stiff and frigid ortln- doxy is maintained, seperate from that impassioned eloquence, which a just sense of the importance of the Gospel, and of ministerial re- sponsibility, may be expected to inspire, the ministry becomes propor- tionably feeble and inefficient, and the hearers ?leep o.« in carnal se- curity, and revel unchecked in carnal delight?. ' • .< ' : . In exhorting you ray brethren, to study to approve yourselvc? both - ,'N 29 • unto Crot) ttncl unid iticn, Hoikmcn wlio need not be asiiamcd, \vc must touch both on matter and manner. Under the allusion to maitor, I purposely avoid doctrine, in this you are to be " uncorrupt," and (hat you may be so, your lecture room will resound with " line upon line, and precept upon precept ;" but allow me to touch on latigtiage, the vehicle of thought, the dress of sentiment, "the voice of words." — Pay great attention to language, some Doctur Diviniiatis, when coun- selling his students, directs, that an error in doctilno during; public speaking, be corrected instanter, and although the crimson blur'' may suffuse our countenance, while we apoligize for our inadveniei. _,,siicli blush will be alike honorablo and useful ; but the same divine directs, that when the rules of grammer are violated in the heat of public speaking, we need not retrace our steps, in order to correct ourselves, as the general accuracy of our language, will prove to the most intel- ligent, that the mistake was a capsus linguae, and not through igno- rance. Let the tenour of your language, be constructed on the prin- ciples of the inspired Scriptures, and whoever judges righteous judg- ment will pronounce it complete, they are the best model, examine, admire, imitate. The most beautiful and impressive parts of mission- ary and other speeches, of missionary and other sermons, are those into which the divine word, is most appropriately and elaborately pressed. The most disiinguished example, that I know of, to our pur- pose, is the Rev. W. Jay, whose works will abundantly suhstanliato the point now assumed. Again 1 say, study language^ "use great plainness of speech," by plain language we mean, that which is most remote from what is vulgar, that which is, the very antipodes, of what is slovenly and course. Dr. Olinthus Gregory in tiis life of Robert Hall, says, " in one of our interviews with Mr. Hall, I used the woid felicity three times. He asked, why do you cay felicity ] happiness is a better word, more musical and common English." Siudy lan- Iguage, and then you will not pray God, " to solemnize your heart," las though that word, which means, *' to celebrate a festival," jneant [to create and impart solemn ft-elings, neriher will you tell Got inycur lapproaches to him, that he is surrounded not only by angels, but by [archangels, when you read in his word but of one. It is an imdoubted Ifact, ascertained from chymical analysis, that all vegetable substances 30 I m fi fiOii. tlie invisible miislircom, wlii.Ii adhoros to a spot of niouldincss, to ilie ctidar of Lebanon, and the Bniian tree,' which would cover V ith itd shade an army of ten thousand men, are solely connposcd of fivo natural principlos, viz., caioiic, light, air, water and carbon.-— LHn};;uai:c is composed of principles equally few and -.: Undek the allusion to manner, the points of interest are so nume- rous, that I can only pass lias>.ily from one topic to another. Manner may include your personal appearance. This should be modern, cleanly, neat, and though not dandyish, genteel, let nothing be parti- cular either to give offence, or to excite observation. Manner may in- clude behaviour. This should be gentlemanly, not stifl', that the poor may not esteem you proud, not unceremonious, that the ricii may not esteem you rude, and when you may be called to domicile wiili stran- gers, and to take up your lodging for a night in the wilderness, be sure to leave your sleeping room, and all oti )r matters, so as to welcome you to the same dwelling, if need be, again and again. Manner in- cludes, the husbandry of time. Avoid consttming the midnight oi<, Students have a strong prediliction for this, and it has brought many to a premature grave, allow not the morning Sun to got the advance oC you in the daily race, retire moderately, rise early, be careful of all your manuscripts, keep them in rciidincss and order. Then you will not have to complain, " that the day is fur spent, and tlio night ail band," and you in arrears; let no opportunity of improvement escape, I i 31 ricli may not n topic for conversation at your meals, mny Lo Ijoili a prevpntivo and u corrective. Miinuer will include a wise divi.sion or tli-sfribusion of your studies. And here allow ine to borrow three remarks from Dr. Burder's mental discipline, the excellent author says, 1st. "It is wiso for us to consider, not only what we would wish to accomplish, but also what it is probable, that with our habits and in our circumstances, we shiill be able to effect. 2nd. Let the proportion of time and attention, devoted to every ob- ject of study, be regulated by a regard, both to its real and relative 'importance. •""•-■;' .<.:m';,^. n-..,. * ...;,-, i;r-.-».^;oP. -[..•■■■ > liid. LtLT the most Important studies be assigned, to those hours in which we find by experience, that we can exert our intellectual cner- gios, with the greatest facility and intensity." ■■ ' Manner includes preparation for the pulpit, as this brings me to [tread so closely on the heels of your Tutor, if not in the very prints of his feet, I shall be general and brief. Are you to write your sermons and read them ? There are some [splendid examples of this, as Chaln)ers, and JNlelvillo, and Wardlaw ; [but for the generality of men, to attempt an imitation of these, would [be at once to fail. AuE you to write your sermons and then repeat them ? We have ?plendid examples of memoriter Preachers, as John Angell James, ind James Parsons ; yet this is a course in which many, very many Jcould not succeed. Are you io preach extempore? Pleading as your rule a mistip- ilied Scripture, "That you are to take no thought what you are to say, for in the same hour it shall be given you." "We forbear to Instance examples of such Preachers, because those who have avowed ibis to be their practice, have done quite enough by such avowal, to iissuade every wise man from attempting if. Probably, either of the three methods, to which we have adverted, nay be adopted occasionally with advantage ; but the most advisable lethcd may bo that recommended long ago by the eloquent Fenelon. [t is the method of writing a considerable part, and occasionally the kvliole of a sermon, in the act of preparing to preach, and after due I'eflcction on the tniin of thought pursued in every part of the discourse, 32 ciidcavoiiring to cxlilblt to tlio hearers twu precise plan, the intended scMtinionts, and tliu siibslance of (he illustration?, witiiout any anxie- ty to adhere to ihj exact huignagtj in which tliey had been ex\ ressed. Under these circumstances tlie mind derives full advantage from appli- ciition to previous study, while it is perfectly unfettered by any pain- ful efforls of memory, and fully enabled to yield itself to the impulses] of feeling, which the subject, the occtisicn, and a Scriptural depend- ance on Divine aid may encouiago. Manner concerns us when in the Pulpit. Your posture should bo I erect, your movements easy. Guard against ludicrous grin>aces and unnatural gestures ; attitude like every other part of your work, must be studied. If disposed to stand like a statue, it must be acquired ; if disposed to antics like a dancing master it must be controled, until it become agreeable and graceful. A young man when delivering hisj trial sermon before an examining Committee, closed his eyes during] the exercise : having concluded the piesiding M'nistcr remarked, " Ifj you persist in that practice Sir when sent out to preach, yourauditorsl will say, thats an acceptable young man, what a pity he's blind."! You may have seen the portrait of the Rev. G. Whitfield, by which] he is represented as having both his hands raised above his head while] preaching. It is said that this was never shown to him but he turncdf from it with disgust, inflamed as was his soul with love to Christ and] with love to souls. He still maintained that, "all things should be^ done accurately and in order." Tone and emphasis are alike impor- tant, that you may nRiiher " sing song" your sermons, nor give uttc-| ranee to them in words so cold that " like icicles freeze as they fall." Manner includes relaxation, and this has sometimes been sought m lijrht reading, in epistolary correspondence, in gymnastic-exercises, orl exertions approaching thereto, in an afternoon walk, and lastly in ma- nual labor. This, dear brethren, is prescribed for you. Some of youl may be already in possession of mechanical knowledge, which will bet turned to advantage ; others not thus furnished, may find it advisablej to turn their attention, to the first occupation GoD assigned to man, when he, "placed Adam in the garden to till and to dress it." Therej will be nothing derogatory in this, either to the dignity of the ministcrj or to the sacredness of his desk. Since the days w\wn Cain was a til- Tj^li 33 Ici* of tiie ground, and Noah began to be an husbandman and planted a vineyard, the science of agriculture has occupied a large proportioit of mankind, forming as it does the basis of individual prosperity as well as national indopendnnce, giving heulth to the body, vigour to the mind, and purity to the morals. Agriculture hrs ever been, as it ever must be, ranked among the most important occupations of men. Most nations, wliether ancient or modern, have held figriculture in high es- timation. After the deluge it first arose into importance on the banks of the Nile. With tha Colonists, who'prssed from Egypt to Greece, Carthago, and' oih.}r points on the shores of the Meditcrnnean se;*, lagiiciilture was carried ; from the Greeks it passed to the Romans, and by them was disseminated over other portions of Europe. And' in the employment of your energies, in such a direction, we would say, " be not weao'y in well doing and in due season you will reap if* [you faint not." Thus dear young brethern, review what you ore to acquire, a know- lledge of GoD-and of his character, of the blessed Spirit, and of liiiS [work, of yourselves and of' men; of the Church in its constitution, »overnmentj claims and objects, for altho' these latter points have not |been insisted on by me, they will be by your tutor, in order that you fiiay be " Thoroughly furnished unto all good works .", Review what ^ou are to communicate, and remember that in this practical part ot" fonx work, you must learn to think correctly, coherently, closely ; I'ou must learn to discriminate wisely, you must learn the doctrines >f proportions, " That you may give to every man his portion of meat |n due season," never forgetting the pointed remark of Dr. Williams, KThat application is the soul of preaching," and review these my )rethren, as they are assigned to promote your usefulrtess. We rea- >nably hope that you will be muc^l more useful than if you had never jnicred this Academy. We firmly believe, that your usefulness wilf je commensurate wrth your piety, industry, application, and fidelity. ^'^ouwill have advantages over those who have not been favored with Systematic tuition, inasmuch as you will possess rules of Biblical Interpretation and ciiticism, with' numerous othfer auxiliaries, by which ^•ou will be able " to contend ear^irstly for the faith," and " become »11 things to all men, that you may save some.'' "U m m I Ever remember, that you are voluntaries, and that this throws you 'on the sufTragos of the people, which circumstance, while it raises you in true independance and moral worth, above ecclesiastical paupers oT the state, and crouching dependants on Episcopal cnprico and firvor, >tt the samo (ime,make« additional demandson your consecration and. pub- lie character. Your (Christian principles, your ministerial qualifications, your activity, influence, and success in Christ's cause, will be the secret of your usefulness and 4he element of your greatness. Yon must be as diligent in the use df all authorized means, as if the success depended alone on you, and^:' ^'.r.>'li\ • /•■ Nj'». . )%.;ii ■; I','." ■' . , . ' ./.]! : •: ',ti..-h ,if'';l i^J't?';.' .'I*ii', :'^ ,•' Tt •,;-.► ■.■.i !•» ;t,l^if'■ "'t< '\'.' <>l-^ •' v9 , '>\H ■ ■ ■' .r>'!^''>>'» ■'' * ^y ' •■",-i '■. .. ,■•. i-.l ■ < .1.. f'l'.. <. jrv^Il 1 ■ ,(; ■■■, l.'>' jr. r. (f WHOLESALE AND RETAIL BOOK, STATIOi\EKY, AND FANCY GOODS ,>;iif id »^»^> > llOi King Street, Toronto- hj -tft //• Have oor..-tiintly on Imnd, nml rnn sunjily on tlio most mlvunlngeous UTm*, to Coiinlry IMercluiiifc*, Scitools, and Huuii. ig As.s.iciutionb, A.C., un cxten- , . , bivc und !4jltct iissortnjent o|' BOOKS. 'I'hfology. History. Binjurapliy. Voyaije* nud Travels. Law, Ktliirs. Nuttir.il History. AgriruUui'o. 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