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Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmds d des taux de reduction diffdrtnts. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clichd, il est filmd d partir de Tangle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 c H CHRONOLOGICAL AND ALPHABETICAL TA.BIjES OF THE PRINCIPAL FACTS OF THE HISTORY OF CANADA 1492-1887 BY Rev. D. GOSSELIN, T. B. " Remember the old days. " DeuT., XXXM, 7. QUEBEC J. A. LANGLAIS, Bookseller and Editor 177 St. Joseph Street, St. Roch»s 1887 'i • 'j i> 6 ^ ( Ui ) Entered in conformity with the Copyright Act of Parliament of Canada, in the year one thousand eight hundred and eighty- seven, by fne Rev. David Gosselin, in the Office of the Minister of Agriculture. / I .f -■■^' / ;? n §• lent hty- the This short summary of the History of Canada IS divided in two parts : A Chronological part, men- tioning the most remarkable men and the principal civil, political and religious facts, according to the order of their succession. A second part, presenting the same facts, classified according to the alphabetical order. This summary does not contain any commentaries and leaves to the reader the care of appreciating the facts to himvv . ■ St. Lawren -^nd of Orleans, June i, 1887. I I I T.^ B L E S OF THE PRINCIPAL FACTS OF THE HISTORY OF CANADA. FIRST PART. CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER. PERIOD OF THE DISCOVERiES. 1492.— Christopher Colombus discovers Ame- rica, San-Salvador, Cuba and San-Do- mipcro. •Jean Cabot and his son, Sebastien, dis- cover Labrador. De Cortereal lands at Newfoundland and enters in the gulf of St. Lawrence! 1497. 1500. — 6 — i5o8. — Thomas Aubert, pilot of Dieppe, as- cends the St. Lawrence as far as 80 leagues off its mouth. 1 5 18. — Baron DeLery tries in vain to settle a colony on Sable Island. 1523. — Jean Verazzani visits all the United States Coasts, from South Carolina as far as the State of Maine, then Nova Scotia and Cape Breton's Island. 1534. — First voyage of Cartier: he visits t'^^ Bay of Chaleurs ard Gaspe. 1535. — Second voyage of Cartier: he explores the Coast of Labrador from Blanc Sa- blon, lands at Bic, at Tadoussac, at Island aux Coudres, at Stadacona (Quebec), ascends as far as Hochelaga (Montreal), and comes back to winter at Quebec, where the scurvy kills thirty-five of his men. De Roberval, vice-roy. Third voyage of Cartier sent by De Ro- berval. He winters at Cap-Rouge (Charlesbourg- Royal). De Roberval, lieutenant-general of the King, comes to Canada, and winters at Charlesbourg- Royal. 1 543. — By the order of Francis the first, Cartier makes a fourth voyage which lasts 1 540. 1541. 1542.—] T t I I — 7 — eight months, to return in France the remaining men of the small colony. 1598.— -The Marquis de la Roche obtains the privilege of trading. Contrary winds force him to abandon on Sable Island fifty convicts, whom he had landed there temporarily. 1 599- — Chauvin obtains the commission of Mar- quis de la Roche, and establishes a counter at Tadoussac. 1603. — De Chates succeeds to Chauvin, and forms a company composed of noble- men and merchants. Pontgrave and de Champlain go as far as Sault St. Lewis Rapids. 1604. — De Monts increases the company formed by De Chates, establishes first his co- lony on the Island of Ste. Croix, in Acadia, and then transfers it at Port- Royal, in the Bay of Fundy. 1606. — Poutrincourt conducts to Port-Royal an expedition composed of laborers and of few friends, amongst whom was Lescarbot, advocate of Paris. "MiMl^llinMf FRENCH DOMINATION. FROM THE FOUNDATION OF QUEBEC TO THE CESSION OF CANADA TO ENGLAND. (1608-1700). I <»> ■ ill PERIOD OF THE COMPANIES. (1608-1663.) 1608.- nrst QoTernor : SAIIUSL do CHAMFLAHT. (1608- 1 629 and 1 63 3- 1 63 5). -Champlain lays the foundation of Que- bec. Scurvy decimates his compa- nions. 1609. — First expedition ofde Champlain against the Iroquois, and victory of lake Champlain. De Champlain discovers the Richelieu river and the lake to which he gives his name. \ 1 i6io. — Second expedition of de Champlain against the Iroquois, and his victory near Sorel. •De Champlain establishes a fort at Sault St. Lewis. i6i I. 1612. 1613. The Prince of Conde succeeds as vice- roy to the Count of Soissons deceased. De Champlain discovers the Ottawa River (forn.p'*ly called the River of the Algonquins). Destruction of i*ort-Royal. 1 6 14. — Rouen or Merchants' Company. 161 5. — Arrival at Quebec of the fathers Jamay, Dolbeau, Le Caron, and of brother Duplessis, monks of the order of St. Francis (RecoUets). Third expedition of de Champlain against the Iroquois ; he is wounded and retreats. Whilst he passes the winter with the Hurons, de Champlain discovers the lakes Simcoe, Huron, Ontario and Nipissing. Construction of the first chapel in Quebec. 1616. — Plot of the confederate Indians against the French, baffled by brother Du- plessis, Themines King's lieutenant. — 10 — Council of noblemen decides to ex- act a good choice of settlers, a semin- ary, and the libeity of trading. 1617. — The first french family, that of Louis Hebert, arrives at Quebec. 161 8. — First jubilee at Quebec. 1 619. — Death of bro her Pacifique Duplessis. 1620. — De Champlain brings his wife at Quebec. He constructs the fort St. Lewis which has been the residence of french and english governors up to 1834. The monks of the order of St. Francis construct their monastery in the shores of St. Charles river, where is to-day the General Hospital. De Montmo- rency, viceroy. 1 62 1. — Company of Montmorency substituted to Rouen or Merchants' Company. Mission of Father Le Baillif near Lewis Xni, in relation to the difficul- ties between the old and the new company. First registers kept at Quebec. The Iroquois attack the fort of Sault St. Lewis, and the convent of the monks of the order of St Francis, near Quebec. 1624. — St. Joseph chosen as patron of Canada. — 11 — 1625.— Arrival of the Jesuits at Quebec. The duke of Ventadour becomes viceroy. 1626. — De Champlain enlarges the fort of St. Lewis, and establishes farms near the Cape Tourmente. De Richelieu, Chief Justice in Eyre. 1627.— Company of the Cent Associes or of the New France, with the exclusive pri- vilege of trade and the obligation of colonizing, substituted to the Company of Montmorency. First voyage of the Jesuits to the land of the Hurons. 1629. — Taking possession of Quebec by the brothers Kertk, for the King of Eng- land, De Champlain and the most part of the French return in France. 1632.— Canada rendered to France by the treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye. 1633. — Champlain returns to Quebec as govern- or, and erects the church of Notre- Dame de Recouvrance, near St. Lewis castle. 1634.— Foundation of Three Rivers by de la Violette. 12 1 63 5' — Death of de Champlain at Quebec. Foundation of Jesuits' college at Quebec, by the Marquis de Gamache. 1636.- 1637.- Second GtoTemor : De MONTMAQNT. (1 636- 1 648). •De ChATEAUFORT, administrator. Ar- rival of de Montmagny. ■Establishment of a Christian Indian smallborough at Sillery, to protect them against the Iroquois. 1639. — Foundation of the Ursulines of Quebec by madame de la Peltrie, and of the Hospitalieres of the Hotel-Dieu by the duchess d'Aiguilion. ■Company of Notre-Dame de Montreal. Discovery of lake Erie, by Fathers Chaumonot and de Breboeuf. 1 640.- 1641. — Discovery of lake St. John, by Father Dequen. 1642. — Foundation of Ville-Marie or Montreal (formerly Hochelaga), by the society of Notre-Dame de Montreal. De Maisonneuve, governor. Captivity of Father Jogues. 1643. — Release of Father Jogues, and his return in France. 4 — 13 -" De Maisonneuve, first governor of Montreal. Erection of fort Richelieu (Sorel), by de Montmagny. De Maille-Breze, Chief Justice in Eyre. 1644.— Attack of Ville-Marie by the Iroquois, who kill three men. De Danville, viceroy. Captivity and release of Father Bressani. 1645. — Treaty of peace at Three Rivers, between Iroquois, Algonquins, Hurons and French. The Company of the Habitants suc- ceeds to the Company of the Cent Associes, according to certain condi- tions. First election of a church-warden at Quebec. 1646. — Martyrdom of Father Jogues. Chaudiere and Kenebec Rivers dis- covered by Father Druiilettes. Death of Fathers'Masse and de Noiie i647.---The Iroquois burn the fort Richelieu. 1648. — De Montmagny is recalled, and returns in France. f ^ u ^ Third Governor : D'AILLEBOUST. (1648.1651). I648. — Creation of the Council of Quebec, com- posed of the Governor, the Superior of the Jesuits, until that a bishop may be, and of two citizens elected every three years. Destruction of the St. Joseph Hu- ron smallborough by the Iroquois, who massacre Father Daniel together with seven hundred persons. 1649.— Destruction by the Iroquois of the St. Ignatius, St Lewis and St. John Hu- ron smallboroughs ; massacre of Fa- thers Lallemand, de Breboeuf and Gamier, together with the greatest part of the Hurons. 1650.— Conflagration of the Quebec Ursulines Convent. Jesuits found at Quebec an elemen- tary school. !l ! S^ourth Governor : De LAUZON. (1651-1656). 165 1. — Massacre of Duplessis-Bochard at Three Rivers. ill -*• 15 -**= Charles Lemoyno repulses an attack of the Iroquois against the French of Point St. Charles of Montreal Two hundred Iroquois besiege, with- out success, the Hospital of Ville- Marie* 1652.— Massacre of Father Buteux by the Iro- quois. J 65 3.^— Treaty of peace with the Agniers. Arrival of a recrute of one hundred settlers. Twenty French massacred in the island of Montreal, by two hundred Iroquois. Arrival of the venerable Sister Bour- geoys, who founds at Montreal, in the same year, the Congregation of Notre- Dame. Captivity and felease of Father Poticet* / 1655. — A sedentary mission established by Fa- thers Chaumonot and Dablon, with the Onnontagues, and abandoned aftef a term of two years. 1656. — De Lauzon leaves the administration to de Charny, arid returns in France. 1657. — D'AlLLEBOUST, ADMINISTRATOR. The Montreal Hotel-Dieu founded by Miss Mance. — 16 — Arrival of the Sulpiciens at Mon- treal. The abbot de Queylus nomin- ated Vicar-General by the archbishop of Roan. i6S8. — Canada is erected into a Vicariate Apos- tolic. Consecration of Mgr de Laval, I i! i! ! ' Fifth QoTernor: D'ARaSNSON. (1658-1661). 1659. — Arrival at Quebec of Mgr de Laval, bishop of Petree, and Vicar Apostolic of New France. Collision between Mgr de Laval and the abbot de Queylus. 1660. — Heroic fight of Daulac with s^'xteen French against seven hundred Iro- quois, who massacre him with all his ^ companions, at the foot of the Chau- diercs Rapids, in the Ottawa River. De Feuquieres, viceroy. Death of the ex-governor d'Aille- boust, whose mortal remains lie in the country. 1 66 1. — Mgr de Laval visits Three Rivers and Montreal. Massacre of abbots Le Maistre and Vignal by the Iroquois. : ! ; • ' 662,- 1663.- — 17 — Sisth Cfovernor : D'AVAUGOUR. (1661-1663). -A recrute of 400 men arrives at Quebec. D'Estrades, viceroy. -Foundation of the Quebec Seminary bv Mgr de Laval. ^ Discussion between the bishop and the governor in relation with the liquor trade. Ordinance enacting the establish- ment of ?:he Superior or Sovereign Council, composed first, of the Gov- ernor, the Bishop, four Councillors, one Attorney General and a Chief Clerk, and later, of twelve members. Leaving of New France by the Company of the Cent Associes. The Sulpiciens substituted to the Company of Montreal. Violent earthquakes during six months, followed by the cessation of the liquor trade and numerous con- versions. Mgr de Laval obtains the recall of the Governor. Population: 2500 souls. PERIOD OF THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT (1663-1760). i I I i Seventli Governor : De SAFFBA7-MES7. (1663-1665). 1663. — Arrival of Gaudais-Dupont, intrusted to organize the Sovereign Council. Creation of Courts of Justice at Quebec, Montreal and Three Rivers. 1664. — Dispute between the Governor, on one side, the Councillors and the Bishop, on the other side. De Maisonneuve is forced to return in France, and Perrot succeeds to him. The West Indies Company is sub- stituted to the Company of the Cent- Associes. Ordination of the first Canadian priest, the Rev. Germain Morin. 1665. — Arrival of the Marquis de Tracy, vice- roy ; of Talon, the Intendant (1665- 1672), and of the regiment of Cari- gnan. — 19 -- Recall of De Mesy who dies at the Hotel-Dieu of Quebec, after his recon- ciliation with the Bishop of Quebec. DE LA POTERIE, administrator not acknowledged. 1666.— 1667.- Eighth Ooyemor: De COUECELLES. (1665-1672). Population : 3,400 souls. Erection of the forts of Sorel (Riche- lieu), Chambly and Ste. Therese. Exp( lition of de Tracy against the -Agniers whom he puts to flight and whose he destroys the smallboroughs. Immigration and considerable pro- gresses of the colony due to the ability of Talon. -The Superior Council decides that the tithes shall be levied only for the twenty-sixth, and paid in grains. Mgr de Laval establishes at St. Joa- chim a school to initiate the young population to agricultural art, or to help them with the apprenticeship of a trade. Tracy returns in Jrance. !l I ' 1 'i '! i 1 t I f, i — 20 — Mission among the Algonquins and conversion of the Iroquois. Acadia rendered to France by the treaty of Breda. i668. — Foundation of the small seminary of Quebec, by Mgr de Laval. A part of the regiment of Carignan returns in France. De Bouteroue, intendant. Voyage of the abbot Dollier de Casson in the south western countries of Canada. 1669. — A great number of christian Iroquois settle at Prairie de la Madeleine. 1670. — Return at Quebec of monks of the order of St. Francis (Recollets). 1 67 1. — ^Talon takes possession of the Western countries in the name of the King. Meeting of fourteen chiefs of Indian tribes at Sault Ste. Marie. Death of Madame de la Peltrie. i5j2. — De Courcelles and Talon return in France. Death of Father Bressani at Floren- ce. Death of the venerable Mother de rincarnation. Mt: ;. L — 21 — Ninth Qovemor : De FSONTENAC. (1672-1682). 1672.- 1673.- De Frontenac erects the fort Cataracoui or Frontenac (to-day Kingston). Father Albanel reaches Hudson's Bay. Father Marquette and Lewis Joh'ette discover the Mississippi. Disputes between the abbot de Fe- nelon and de Frontenac. 1674.— Quebec is erected a Bishopric, including all french possessions in North Ame- rica. -Death of Father Marquette. Dnchesneau, intendant. •Seminary of St. Sulpice at Montreal. Disputes of the Governor with the Intendant, the Councillors, Perrot and Bishop, in relation with the liquor trade. ■Death of Catherine Tegahkouita an Iroquois virgin. De la Salle erects the forts Niagara, Crevecoeur and of the Miamis, and sends on the lakes Ontario and Erie the first sailing vessels ever seen thither. 1675. 1677.- 1678. i68o.- ^ I68I.- 1682.- — 22 — Mgr de Laval makes to the seminary of Quebec donation of the seigniories of Beaupre, Petite Nation, Island of Jesus and Island aux Vaches. -Convent of the monks of the order of St. Francis (Recollets), in the Upper- Town of Quebec. •Discovery of the mouth of the Missis- sippi by De la Salle, who gives the name of Louisiana to the countries watered by that large river. Recall of de Frontenac and arrival of his successor. De MeuUes, intend,- nt. 'I' •! ill I ' I i III ■i U 1 \L I '^, Tenth Governor : DelaBABRE. (1682-1685). 1684. — Unhappy expedition against the Iro- quois in the lake Ontario, and humili- ating treaty which the King refuses to sanction. Recall of De la Barre. Institution of the Quebec Chapter. Population : 10,000 souls. 1685. — Grant to Mgr de St. Vallier in the center of the lower town, of a lot of land for the construction of a chapel. r X — 23 . Sle^enth Gfovernor: De DENONVILLE. (1 685- 1 609). 1685.— Mgr dc St. Vallier before being sacred, visits Canada with the title of Vicar General of Mgr de Laval. 1686.— First expedition of d'Iberville at the Hudson's Bay, and capture of the forts Monsipi, Rupert, Quitchitchouane. D'Estrees, viceroy. Conflagration of the Ursulines con- vent. 1687.— Expedition against eight hundred Tson- nontouans who are defeated by de Denonville. Death of De la Salle. 1688.— Mgr de St Vallier, second bishop of Quebec. Population of the colony : 11,249 souls. De Champigny, intendant. 1689.— Slaughter of Lachine by 1,500 Iroquois. The Sisters of the Congregation of Notre-Dame, at Quebec. The Abenaquis destroy 1 5 english forts in the neighbourhood of Kenebec. 1 r i^ ■ ' • ''' li "'ii •;!ii ! M i — 24 — Twelftli Gfovemor : De FRONTENAC (2nd time). (1 689- 1 698). 1690. — Lemoyne de Sainte-Helene and d'Ail- leboust de Mantel with 200 Canadians and Indians, destroy the english vil- lage Corlar (Shenectady). Hertel with 24 Canadians and 28 Indians, takes by assault Salmon Falls and repulses 250 English who come to fight him. A third party defeats the English at Casco, situated at the mouth of the river Kenebec. Phipps takes possession of Port- Royal, Heve and Chedabouctou, in Acadia. Phipps besieges Quebec, and retires after the defeat of a part of his troops dt the engagement of La Canard iere. Heroic acts of Madame de Verche- res, 1 69 1. — The English, commanded by Schuyler, are first defeated at Prairie de la Ma- deleine, by Chassaigne, and complete- ly put to flight by de Varennes. 1692. — Regulation limiting the respective rights of the Bishop, Chapter and the Semi- nary of Quebec. vil- — 25 — 1693.— Three english ships take the fort Ste. Anne, in Hudson's Bay. Foundation of the General Hospital of Quebec, by Mgr de St. Vallier. The commonalty of the monks of the order of St. Francis (Recollets) sells her monastery and comes to abide in Upper Town. Disputes of Mgr de St. Vallier with de Frontenac. Murder of Father Dalmas. 1695- — De Frontenac rebuilds the fort Catara- coui demolished by de Denonville in 1689. Miss Le Ber cloistered with the Sisters of the Congregation, at Mon- treal. 1696. — Happy expedition of de Frontenac against the Iroquois, Onnontagues and Onneyouts. D'Iberville captures on the English, without losing a single man, a 24 guns vessel, and afterwards takes possession of the forts Pemquid and St. John of Newfoundland. 1697. — New exploits of dTberville in Hudson's Bay, and capture of the fort Nelson. The treaty of Ryswich renders Hud- son's Bay to France. I i lilf- < .;' f' ■' -i r M f' ' '1 !' ,i :i i i P ,. :\ I — 26 — Foundation of the Ursulines con- vent, at Three Rivers, by Mgr de St. Vallier. Mgr de St. Vallier sends mis- sionaries into Louisiana. 1698. — Death of de Frontenac, at Quebec, at yS years of age. Thirteenth Gfovemor: De CALLIEEES. (1 698- 1 703). 1698. 1700. Population: 15,500 souls. De Callieres prepares a lasting peace with the Iroquois. Foundation of Detroit by de la Motte-Cadillac. Death of the venerable Sister Bour- geoys. 1 701. — Peace of Montreal signed by 38 Iroquois delegates. Death of Kondiaronk, Huron Chief. Dcain f Joliet at Anticosti. Foundation o( Mobile by d'lber- vi le. De Beauharnois, intendant. Death of de Callieres at Quebec, where he is buried. 1702. 1703. — 27 — Fonrteentli Governor : De VAUDEEI7IL (1703-1725). 1704 — Hertel destroys the english settlements of Deerfield and Haverhill. The English attack Port- Royal in vain. i/oS" — Raudot, the father and son, joint in- tendants. The ship the ** Seine," on which Mgr de St. Vallier comes to Quebec, is taken by the English, and Mgr de St. Vallier, according to some, is de- tained prisoner in England during five years, and eight years, according to others. 1 707- 1 737. — D'Estrees, viceroy. 1708.— Death of Mgr de Laval at the Quebec Seminary, at eighty-five years of age. 1709. — St. Ovide takes possession of St. John Newfoundland. 1 7 10.— Port- Royal (Annapolis) is taken by the English. Honorable capitulation of Suber- case. 171 !• — Two english armies are going, one to- wards Montreal, and the other towards Quebec. I }ll — 28 — Walker's fleet is wrecked on Egg's IsIe' d, and Nicholson passes again the frontier with his army. Death of Miss Le Ben The assembled citizens of Quebec decide to change the name of Notre- Dame de la Victoire, given to the church of lower town, in that of Notre- Dame des Victoires. 17 1 2. — Slaughter of 2000 Outagamis by the French, near betroit. Begon, intendant. 17 1 3. — Peace of Utrecht : Hudson's Bay, New- foundland and Acadia are ceded to England. Foundation of Louisbourg by F|:an- ce, in Cape Breton or Royal Island. Mgr de St. Valier comes again to Quebec. 1 7 17. — Foundation of New Orleans, by De Bienville. Unfruitful attempt to colonize St. John's Island (to-day Prince Edward's Island). 1718. — Murder of the abbot Buisson de St. Cosme, near Mobile. 1 72 1. — Population: 25,000 souls. i 1 -^ 29 - 1722. — Mgr de St. Vallier divides his diocese in S2 parishes. Construction of the fort Chouagen or Oswego, by Burnet. 1723. — Building at Quebec of merchant ships. Regulation about the granting of pews in the churches, yet in vigor. 1724. — Slaughter of Father Rasle, missionary among the Abenaquis, by the English, at Narantchouak. 1725. — Wreck of the " Chameau," royal ship, near Louisbourg ; 250 passengers, the crew, the intendant, offic s, lay priests, Jesuits and monks of the order of St. Francis (Recollets), perish on that occasion. De Chazel, intendant. Death of de Vaudreuil, at Quebec. Fifteenth Governor: De BEAI7HABN0IS. (1726-1747). 1726. — Charles Lemoyne, Baron de Longueil, administrator. Arrival of Dupuy, the intendant. 1727, — Happy expedition of De Ligneris'^gainst the Outagamis. 591 I I I :'! — 30 — Death of Mgr de St. Valier, at the General Hospital of Quebec. Diffi- culties in relation to the funerals of Mgr de St. Valier between the Chap- ter and the abbot de Lotbiniere. 1728. — Mgr de Mornay, third bishop of Quebec, does not come in Canada. Mgr ])os- quet governs the Church of Canada, as coadjutor, up to 1733, at which time he becomes the fourth titulary bishop on account of Mgr de Mornay's resign- ation. Intendant Dupuy dismissed. 1729. — Fort St. Frederic (at the head of lake Champlain), designed to paralyse the encroachments of the English. Conspiration of the Natchez against the French . 173 1. — Hocquart is appointed intendant. 1732. — 1800 persons die of small-pox. 1734. — Mr. de Boisclerc drives from Quebec to Montreal for the first time. 1739. — Resignation of Mgr Dosquet. Population : 42,700 souls. 1740. — Mgr de TAuberiviere, fifth bishop of Quebec, succeeds to Mgr Dosquet who had resigned, and dies on his arrival at Quebec. '^1 — 31 — The abbot Miniac, administrator of the district of Quebec, and the abbot Marchand, administrator of the district of Montreal, during tiie vacation of the seat. 1 74 1. — Mgr de Pontbriand, sixth bishop of Quebec, succeeds to Mgr de I'Aube- riviere. 1743. — Discovery of the Rocky Mountains, by de Varennes, Sir de la Verendrye. Mgr de Pontbriand su-ppresses a certain number of feasts of obligation. 1745. — Capture of Louisbourg by the English under the commandment of Commo- dore Warren. 1746. — Misfortune which happened on the fleet of Duke d'Anville, equipped to recover Louisbourg. 1747. — De Villiers and de la Corne beat the English at Grand-Pre. Foundation of the Grey Nuns of Montreal, by Madame d'Youville. De la Galissonniere, administrator. De la Jonquiere appointed Govern- or, is taken prisoner by the English, and remains two years in England. 1748. — Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle ; Louisbourg and Cape Breton are rendered to France. ■ '1 (.4 M 1 ■ \ r 1^ '• r ii {\ \ V. ,il ' H ■ ''1^' •— o2 — Improvements to the cathedral of Quebec, Bigot, appointed intendant. Enlargement of forts Gaspareaux and Beausejour, in Acadia ; of Presen- tation (Ogdensburg) ; and of Rouille (Toronto.) ii i| ! S I I lit ' :;! I; ! I Sixteenth Oovemor : De la JONQTJIEHE. (1749-1752). 1749. — Foundation of Halifax by the English. 1752. — Death of de la Jonquiere, at Quebec, at 6'/ years of age. Charles Lemoyne, son, Baron of Longueil, administrator. 1753.- 1754.- Seventeenth Governor : DT7QUESNE. (1752-1755). Forts of Presqu'ile, Riviere aux Boeuts and Machault, above Niagara. -Murder of Jumonville, by the English, in Ohio. Washington erects the fort Neces- sity, where de Villiers gloriously vin- — 33 -^ dicates the death of his brother Ju- monville, by defeating Washington's army, Construction by de Contrecceur of fort Duquesne (to-day Pittsburg). Population : 55,000 souls. '755.— Admiral Boscawen takes possession of two vessels of the Trench squadron, commanded by Dieskau, in the gulf ^ of St, Lawrence. Recall of Duquesne. Capture of forts Gaspareaux and Beausejour by Monkton. Infernal embuscade laid to the Aca- dians of Grand-Pre, and dispersion of that people in different towns of the United States, Victory of the Monongahela won by de Beaujeu on Braddock. Conflagration of the Hotel-Dieu de Quebec, Eighteenth Cfovemor : De Vaudreuil-CavagnaL (1 75 5- 1 760), 1755.— Dieskau is taken prisoner by Johnson, at fort Edward, on the shores of lake St Sacrament, i!i; •Hi' k i ^1 i , :; i ii It! i ^ --. 34 -= 1756.— Arrival of Montcalm, Bourlamarquc and Bougainville. Capture of Chouagen (Oswego), by Montcalm, after a siege of three days^ War parties plunder the english territory. 1757. — Unfruitful attempt of the English to take possession of Louisbourg. Capture by Montcalm of fort Wil- Henry or George. 1758. — Drucour, commander of Louisbourg^ capitulates after a resistance of fifty days, against the admirals Boscawen and Amherst, who commanded twenty ships of the line, eightcjen frigates and 14,000 men. Victory of Carillon won by Mont- calm, with 3,600 soldiers, on Aber- cromby who commanded 16^00 men.. Destruction of fort Frontenac, and capture of fort Duquesne by the En- glish who gather strength thither. 1759, — Bouriamarque evacuates forts Carillon and St, Frederic. Capture of fort Niagara by the En- glish. Battle of Montmorency at which the: English are defeated. — 35 — Battle of the plains of Abraham, at which 4,500 French are defeated by 8,000 English, Death of Wolfe and Montcalm. Capitulation of Quebec, 1760, — Battle of Ste. Foye : victory of the French under the commandment of Levis, Capitulation of Montreal, of which the principal articles were : i ^ that the Canadians should have the free exercise of their religion, and should keep their laws and their properties ; 2 ^ that all the french places should be delivered to the English ; 3 ^ that the french troops should not serve during that war ; 4 ^ that all the offi- cial personal should be transported in France at England's expenses. The noble and educated class leaves Canada. N. B. — The Kings who, during the french domination in Canada, have reigned in France, are : Henry IV, Lewis XIII, Lewis XIV and Lewis XV. i' II ! ■ ENGLISH DOMINATION. SINCE THE CESSION OF CANADA TO ENGLAND UP TO OUR TIME. !l i ■I nil i ! 1 1 ''1 \ PERIOD OF THE DESPOTIC GOVERN MENT. (1760-1774). 1760- First GForernor : Lord AMHEBST^ (1760-1763). -Lord Amherst leaves the government of Quebec to Murray ; to Gage, that of Montreal ; and to- Btirton, that of Three Rivers. Murray creates a council of seven officers/ i;63.— — 37 - Death of Mgr de Pontbriand. Three vicars capitular administer the dio- cese during the vacation of the seat which lasts up to 1766. Population of the colony : 70,000 souls. Treaty of Paris, by which Canada is ceded to England. Dismemberment of Canada. George III substitutes the english laws to the french laws, and exacts the anti-catholic oath of the tesU Second Cfovemor : JAMES MURRAY. (1 763- 1 766). 1763. — Murray forms a new council of twelve members, amongst whom only one Canadian, and confers upon it abso- lute powers. The abbot Montgolfier is proposed as bishop and refused by the govern- ment. 1764.— The Quebec Gazette is published in english and french, on the 21st June. 1765.— Pontiac, at the head of the Indians of West, rebels against England ; but he is obliged, in spite oi considerable I 1766.- — 38 — successes, to accept the peace of Os- wego concluded the following year. -Recall of Murray because he has exacted neither the oath of test nor the remit- tance of arms. Irving, Administrator. Mgr Briand, 7th bishop of Quebec. ! ■: s Third Qovemor : Sir QU7 CAELETON, later Lord Dorchester. (1766-1770, 1774-1778, 1786-1791, 1793-1795). 1766. — Carleton abrogates the ordinance of 1764, by which the catholics were de- prived from the right to fulfill the functions of attorney, advocate and jury. Examination of grievances of Cana- dians by England : the government delay, and seem to incline towards intolerance up to the american insur- rection against England, in 1773. i i : !'|!| PERIOD OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL (1774-1791). 1774. — The Quebec Act, which : i ^ enlarges the limits of the Province of Quebec ; 2 ^ assures to the catholics the free 89 ^ exercise of their religion ; 3 '-' dis- penses them of the oath of test ; 4 ^ reestablishes the french civil laws ; 5 ^ constitutes a Legislative Council. Unlimited liberty of making wills. 1775. — American invasion : Montgomery ad- vances through lake Champlain, St. Frederic, Isle-aux-Noix, Chambly, Montreal, Three Rivers, and besieges Quebec, together with Arnold, who had come through Kenebec. Defeat of the Americans and death of Montgomery (31st December). 1776. — Proclamation of the independence of the United States (4th July). An english flotilla victoriously at- tacks an american flotilla on lake Champlain, near St. Frederic. Jesuits' college at Quebec, trans- formed into barracks, 1777. — The clergy of Canada adopts the use of celebrating the feast of priesthood. Defeat of the english general Bour- goyne, at Albany and Saratoga. Unpopularity of the Legislative Council, on account of the secrecy of its deliberations and its militia laws. After Cramahe, administrator, 1770- 1774), the lieutenant-governors Hal- ;ii :: • ;;: 'Hi I: itii ' ■ I:' ■I! :|il!;;!i — 40 — dimand (1778-1785), Hamilton (1785- 1786), Hope (1786), Clark (1791-1793), succeed to each other. 1 778- 1 785. — Haldimand, of a suspicious and tyrannical character, becomes odious. He confines the Canadians without any reason, compels them to the mili- tary service, overwhelms them with statute labors, and violates the secrecy of letters. 1783. — Treaty of Versailles, by which England acknowledges the independence of the United States, and is forced to cede the nicest parts of Canada, the coun- tries situated on the south side of the great lakes. More than 15,000 royalists of the United States emigrate to the english colonies. Attempts of the clergy and citizens of Montreal to obtain the erection of the district into a diocese. 1784. — Mgr d'Esglis, the eighth bishop of Que- bec, first Canadian bishop. Population : 1 13,013 souls. 1785. — Recall of Haldimand. 1786. — Petitions sent to England against the Quebec Act. — 41 — " Habeas Corpus " put in vigor. Death of Mgr d'Esglis. i;88.— Mgr Hubert, the ninth bishop of Quebec. His coadjutor, Mgr Bailly, sacred in 1789, dies in 1794, curate of Pointe- aux-Trembles, county of Portneuf. CONSTITUTIONAL PERIOD. (1791-1840). 1791- — Constitutional government granted to Canada. Population : 161.000 souls. 1792. — Division of Canada into two provinces ; each one having a governor, a house of assembly elected by the people, and a legislative council, whose members were appointed for life. First Canadian parliament opened by lieutenant-governor Clark. Honorable Panet elected speaker. The use of both languages is ad- mitted. i M :! !i.:; i: i,.'i ',i 1 1799- 1799. y 1800 1 i \ . ., i — 42 — Fourth Gfovemor : Sir E. FEESGOTT. (1 796- 1 799). 1796. — Conflagration of the convent and church of the monks of the order of St. Fran- cis (Recollets). Prescott obtains from the houses the power to arrest the citizens suspected to be favorable to the revolution ; he refuses the erection of new catholic parishes, and struggles with the prin- cipal functionaries. Secularisation of the moncks of the order of St. Francis (Recollets). Death of Mgr Hubert. 1797. — Mgr Denaut, the tenth bishop of Quebec. 26 french priests flying the revolu- tion, come to live in Canada. -1805. — Sir R. S. Milnes, lieutenant-gov- ernor. , — Foundation of the St. Michael ecclesias- tical society. , — The government takes possession of the Jesuits' properties, at the death of father Cazot. . — The educational system established by the state and destined to impose the english idiom, remains unfruitful. 1801. — 43 — i8o5.— Erection of the school of Nicolet, found- ed a few years befon*, by the curate Brassard, into a seminary. Foundation of the " Mercury:' Execution of McLane accused of high-treason. 1 805- 1 807.— The Honorable Thomas Dunn, ADMINISTRATOR. 1806.— Foundation of the newspaper '' Le Cana- dienr Death of Mgr Denaut, at Longueil. Mgr Plessis, the eleventh bishop of Quebec ; he distinguishes himself by his prudence and ability in his relations with the authorities of Canada and England. Population : 250,000 souls. 1808.- Piflh Gopemor : Sir J. H. CRAIG. (1807-1811). —The government dissolves the House of Assembly which refuses to allow the judges and the Jews to seat. 1 809.-— Voyage between Montreal and Quebec of the first steamboat, the *♦ Accommo- dation." liV — 44 — Incarceration of the Canadian chiefs Bourdages, Bedard and Taschereau. The printing presses of *' Le Cana- dien " are seized. The gov^ernor's attempt to give the King the power of nominating the cu- rates, miscarries, thanks to the energy of Mgr Plessis. 1811. — The judges are decidedly excluded from the House of Assembly. Foundation of St. Hyacinthe's col- lege by the curate Girouard. iJ ■ I \% t, I:!. 11: V ' \ If. Sixth Governor: SirQEOBQE FBEVOST. (18.11.1815). 181 1. — The governor, prudent and conciliating, appoints one of the Canadian chiefs, Bedard, Justice at Three Rivers. Con .truction of the first church of St. Roch's, on a lot given by Mr. Mure. 18 1 2. — Declaration of war of the United States to England, and invasion of Canada by three armies. The Americans commanded by Hull, Van Rensalaer and Dearborn, are defeated at Detroit, Queenstown and LacoUe by Brock, Sheziffe and de Salaberry. — 4 chiefs eau. Cana- ve the he cu- jnergy eluded 's col- lating, chiefs, Irch of Mure. States [anada by Irborn, Istown ind de 1813.— The Americans defeated at Frenchtown and fort Meigs, are victorious at Put- in-Bay, Moraviantown, Toronto, Fort George and Queenstown, but are de- feated at BurHngton. The Americans, victorious at Sac- kett's Harbor and in front of Toronto, are defeated at Chateauguay and Christier's Farm. J814.- 1815. -The Americans defeated at LacoUe and Oswego, victorious at Chippewa, de- feated at Lundy's Lane, retire at Fort Erie* The english fleet annihilated on lake Champlain* ^ Prevost abandons Plattsburg. Treaty of Gand (24th dec.) stipula- ting the reciprocal restitution of the conquests made during the war. Population : 335,000 sculs. Recall of Prevost. Drummondy administrator ^ up to the arrival of Sherbrooke. Seventli Qoremor: Sir JOHN SHSRBBOOEE. (I8i6-.i8i8). t8 16.— Conflagration of the first church of St. Roch s. t _ 46 — Wilson, administraton 1817. — 'Sherbrooke requests the ' mal Gov- ernment to officially ' owledge the title of the catholic bi..„ jp of Quebec, and has him appointed Legislative Councillor. Nova Scotia erected into Vicariate- Apostolic. 1818. — The question of the civil list excites the spirits, and Sherbrooke vexed to see himself in opposition to the House, requests his recall. Treaty between England and Unit- ed States. Foundation of the small college of St. Roch's by Mgr Plessis. 1818.- Eighth Governor: The Duke of RICHMOND. (1818-1819). -The Governor dissolves the Parliament on the budget question and censures them. Death almos!: sudden of the Gover- nor in Upper Canada. Seat of Quebec erected into an ec- clesiastic metropolis. Mgr Plessis receives the title of archbishop, and has for suffragans Mgr McDonald in Upper Canada, and Mgr MacEachern in New Brunswick. '1 ■«!i!' _ 47 - 1819-1^20. — Monk and Maitland, successively admifiistrators, Ninth Governor : The Count of DALHOUSZE. (1 820- 1 838). 1 82 1. — Mgr Laftigue, bishop and coadjutor at Montreal. The clergy of Canada ceases to ce- lebrate the feast of priesthood. 1822. — The project of uniting the two Canadas miscarries after the protestations trans- mitted to London by Papineau and Neilson. 1824. — Foundation of the colleges of Ste. The- rese by the curate Ducharme, and of Chambly by the curate Mignault. The rural fabrics obtain the right of possessing lots and houses for the establishment of parochial schools. 1825. — Sir Bjrton, administrator during the absence of the Governor, is blamed to have j.^ermitted the House to vote the supplies otherwise than item by item* :, Death of Mgr Plessis. -^ Mgr Panety the twelfth bishop of Quebec. Abolition of the pillofy and of the punition by lash. -«- 48 - 1826.— Dalhousie refuses to sanction the bill of supplies and insults the House by its prorogation, 1827.— Papineau elected speaker of the new House at twenty-six years of age ; the Governor disapproves that choice and prorogues anew the Parliament. New protestations transmitted to England : Papineau is maintained and the Governor recalled* Foundation of the college of Ste. Anne Lapocatiere, by the curate Pain- chaud. Foundation of the University of Toronto. 1828-1830.— »Si> James Kempt^ administrator. He leaves to the House the dispo- sition of the public revenue, at the ex- ception of the Governor and Judges' salary. 1828.— Convent of the Providence at Montreal, founded by the lady widow Gamelin. 1829.— 'Kempt refuses to modify the composi- tion of the Executive and Legislative Councils, the three-quarters of the members of which depended upon UiC Government. Canonical erection of the parish of St Roch of Quebec. I I — 49 — 1830. — Tumultuous political assemblies. Kempt feeling the d fficulty of his position requests and obtains his recall. The House decides that the postage of the members' letters shall be paid by the Province. Tenth Oovemor : Lord A7LMEII. (1830-1835). 1 83 1. — England assents to cede the control of all the revenues, except that of the Crown Lands, provided that a civil list of 9,000 pounds should be paid to the King during his life. The House refuses that demand. Appeal to London, Population: 553,000 souls. The deputies receive, for the first time, an indemnity of two dollars a day. Law permitting to the notable to assist and vote at the assemblies of the church- ward ens, A sum of one thousand pounds sterling is voted to enable the Govern- ment to buy the episcopal palace. The purchase was made under the form of a settled annuity of an equal — r,o ^ sum, which was to be paid annually to the bishopric of Quebec. Lord Aylmer makes donation of the marble placed in the chapel of the Ursulines of Quebec, to the memory of Montcalm. 1832. — Troubles on the occasion of the election of a deputy for Montreal. 3 persons are killed by the troops. Foundation of the college of I'As- somption by the curate Labelle. Asiatic cholera. 1 833- 1 834.— Inquest concerning the election troubles of Montreal. The 92 resolutions containing all the grievances of the colony are writ- ten. Neilson, Cuvillier and Quesnel with- draw from Papineau and his party. Recall of Lord Aylmer. Death of Mgr Panet. Mgr Signay, the thirteenth bishop of Quebec ; he was the first archbishop in exercise, in 1844. Conflagration of St. Lewis' castle. New apparition of asiatic cholera. — 51 — Sleventh GfoTemor : The Count of G^OSFOBD. (1835-1838). 1835.— ^Report unfavorable to the Canadians relating to the state of the colony made by Gosford to the colonial office. Excitation followed by a resistance with arms. Foundation of McGill's College. 1836.— Erection of the diocese of Montreal. Mgr Lartigue, first titulary bishop„ X837.-- 'The insurrection begins at Montreal. The English defeated at Chambly and St. iJenis, by Doctor Neilson, are victorious at St. Charles, St, Eustache and Navy Island. During the same time, McKenzie, chief of the rebels in Upper Canada, is defeated near Toronto, Denunciation of the newspaper, the *' Liberal, " by Mgr Baillargeon, then curate of Quebec. Mgr Bourget, bishop coadjutor, Gosford returns to England. Colbormy admimstrator^ suspends the constitution of 179 1, and creates a special council of 1 1 English and 1 1 Canadians for the despatch of the pressing affairs. Foundation of Kingston's College. li I — 52 — Twelith QoTer&or : Lord DUBHAll. (1838). 1838. — Durham dissolves the special Council, and grants an amnesty to all the poli- tical prisoners of 1837, with the excep- tion of 24 who are banished at Ber- mudas. disavowed by England, he gives his resignation, and leaves Canada. Suspension of Justices Panet and Bedard. Cardinal and Duquet, political pri- soners, are executed at Montreal. Thirteentli Gfovemor : Sir COLBOENE. (1838-1839). 1838. — New insurrection in the district of Mon- treal and in Upper Canada. Proclamation of the martial law by Colborne, who easily re-establishes order. 1 3 political prisoners, amongst whom de Loriiiiier, die on the scaffold, and deportation to Australia of a great number of others. — 53 — Fourteenth Governor : The Honorable C. F. THOMPSON, later Lord SYDENHAM. (1 839- 1 841). i839» — The Hon. Thompson applies himself to prepare the ways to the union of Up- per and Lower Canada, and writes the Union Act which, by less or more avowable means, he causes to be adopt- ed in the following year, by the Im- perial Government. 1840. — The Queen sanctions the Union Act of Upper and Lower Canada. The Union Act gave to each Pro- vince 42 deputies ; granted to the House the control of the supplies, but with certain restrictions ; enacted that the english language should be the only parliamentary language, and that it should be necessary to have the adhesion of the two-thirds of the mem- bers of Parliament to change the num- ber of the deputies. Mgr Bourget, 2nd bishop of Mon- treal. — 54 PERIOD OF THE UNION. (1840-1867). 1 84 1. — The Hon. C. P. Thompson, governor since 1839, is sworn in as governor of the new Province on the lOth Febru- ary, under the title of Lord Sydenham, The Union Act in force on the loth February. Ceremony of the installation of the Chapter of Montreal, presided by Mgr de Nancy. Arrival of the Oblats at Montreal. Erection of the diocese of Toronto. Kingston chosen as capital. Death of Sydenham, at Kingston, at 42 years of age. Clitherowe and Jackson^ successively . administrators. Incorporation of the Academy of Upper Canada under the name of Victoria College of Cobourg., Municipalities of parishes in Lower Canada. '*'• — 55 — Fifteenth Governor : Sir CHABLES BAQOT. (1 842- 1 843). 1842. — Inauguration of the true responsible government. Foundation of the society of St. John the Baptist of Quebec. Return of the Jesuits in Canada. Erection of the dioceses of St. John N. B. and Halifax. The Ashburton treaty settles the question of the frontiers between United States and Canada, and pro- vides for the extradition in certain cases. Mgr Baillargeon founds Christian Schools at Quebec. 1843. Sixteenth Governor: The Baron METCALF. (1843-1845). -Foundation of the High School of Que- bec by the Rev. Dr. Cook, and of Bishop's College at Lennoxville, by the anglican bishop Mountain. McGill's college erected into a uni- versity. Montreal chosen as capital of Canada. Creation of an Appeal Court. Law abolishing imprisonment for debts. — 56 — The ex-governor Bagot dies before having been able to leave the country. Population of Lower Canada : 698,742 souls. Erection of the ecclesiastic Province of Quebec, of the Vicariate- Apostolic of Red River, and of the diocese of Arichat. Dissensions with the Governor about the manner of understanding the prin- ciples of the responsible government. 1845. — Return of the political exiled. Two great conflagrations destroy- almost entirely the suburbs of St. Roch, St. John and St. Lewis, together with the Palace ward. Repeal of the clause of the Union Act proscribing the french language for the proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Indemnity voted to Upper Cana- dians for losses suffered during the political troubles. Law giving back to the members o^ the clergy the right of voting at the elections. 11 Seventeenth Qovemor : The Count of CATHCABT. (1 845- 1 847). 1846. — Protestation ot the bishops of Lower Canada against the mode used by the government to settle the question of the Jesuits' properties. The St. Vincent de Paul society cstabHshed at Quebec. Foundation of the college of Joliette by the Honorable B. Joliette. The House obtains the control of supplies. Conflagration of the St. Lewis' the- atre at Quebec, The Baron Metcalf dies in England. 1847. — Erection of the dioceses of Ottawa, Vancouver (B. C), and St. Boniface. Foundation of the colleges of Otta- wa by Mgr Guigues, and of Terrebonne by Madam Masson. The Brothers of Ste. Croix at St, Lawrence of Montreal. The typhus plague decimates the Irish immigrants. Choice of the site of the church of St. John's suburb, opened to worship in 1849. — 58 — ■!|il! Eighteenth Governor : Lord ELGIN. (1 847- 1 8 54). 1848 — The Grey Nuns established at Quebec by Mgr Turgeon. 1 849. — Conflagration of the parliamentary build- ings of Montreal. It is decided upon that Toronto and Montreal shall be ultimately, every four years, the seat of the governmeut. Indemnity granted to Lower Cana- dians for losses suffered during the troubles of 1837- 1838. Asiatic cholera. Impulse towards annexion. 1850. — Foundation of the Good Shepherd's Convent of Quebec by Mgr Baillar- geon and Mr. Muir. 185 1. — Abrogation of the law of birth-right. First Council of Quebec. Population of Lower Canada : 842,265 souls. Mgr de Charbonnel founds, at To- ronto, the college of the Basilians. The government introduce the five cents postage stamps. Mgr Baillargeon, coadjutor cum futura successione. — 59 — 1852. — Erection of the ecclesiastic Province of Halifax, and of the dioceses of St. Hyacinthe and Three Rivers. Charter of Laval University granted. Foundation of Sherbrooke'r^ college. A conflagration destroys the St. Lawrence, St. Lewis and St. Mary's suburbs of Montreal. 1853. — William Rowan, administrator. Foundation of Ste. Marie de Mon- noir and Levis' colleges. Mgr Bedini, apostolic nuncio at Brazil, visits Canada. The representation of each province is fixed to 65 deputies. 1854. — Second Council of Quebec. Inauguration of Laval University. Commercial treaty of reciprocity with United States for ten years. Abolition of the seigniorial rights. Secularisation of the clergy reserves. Nineteenth Oovemor : Sir EDMUITD HEAD. (1854-1861). 1855. — Laying of the corner stone of the Ste. Foye's monument, erected to the brave of 1760. ~ 00 Mgr Baillargeon, administrator. 1856. — Legislative Council rendered elective. Erection of the dioceses of Hamilton aiid London. 1^57* — Judicial decentralisation. Inauguration of Normal Schools. Ottawa chosen capital of Canada by the Queen. The Nuns of Jesus Marie at St. Joseph of Levis. 1858.— Adoption of the decimal system. 1859. — Organisation of the Council of Public Instruction of Canada i860. — Prince of Wales' visit. Inauguration of Victoria bridge, and laying of the first stone of the parlia- mentary buildings at Ottawa. Foundation of the college of Three Rivers. 1861. — Population of Upper Canada... 1,396,091 Lower Canada... i, 1 1 1,366 New-Brunswick. 252,047 Nova-Scotia 330,857 P. Edw. Island.. 80,857 Vancouver Island (the Indian Tribes excepted) 3>024 (U -- Twentieth Oovernor: The Viscount MONL (1861-1868). 1861. — The Trent affair. 1862. — ^Death of the Rev. L. J. Casault, foundei' and first rector of Laval University. Establishment of St. Peter's pence, in the archdiocese. The Trappists found a monastery jn the township Langevin. 1863. — Third Council of Quebec. Foundation of the college of Ri- mouski. 1864. — Coalition of the Conservatives and the Liberals. Conference at Quebec of the dele- gates of the Maritime Provinces with the membeis of the Canadian govern- ment, to discuss the confederation scheme. Affair of St. Alban. 1865. — The Confederation scheme adopted by the Parliament of Canada. Disasters of the inundation in the districts of Montreal and Three Rivers* Mgr Baillargeon publishes the se- cond edition of his translation of the New-Testament. w "I fc : if' - C)2 - 1866.— Conflagration of the suburbs of St. Roch and St. Sauveur. The Confederation scheme discussed in London by the delegates of the Pro- vinces. The Civil Code in force. The Code of Civil Procedure in force. Abrogation of the treaty of recipro- city. Invasion of Canada by the Fenians : they take possession of the fort Erie and force the Canadian volunteers to re- treat towards the fort Colborne. They take possession of Pidgeon Hill, in the county of Missisquoi, and plunder in that place, as well as St. Armand and Philipsburg , First session of the parliament in the new buildings of Ottawa. 1867. — Erection of the diocese of Rimouski ; Mgr Jean Langevin, first bishop. Death of Mgr Turgeon. Mgr Baillargeon, the 1 5th bishop of Quebec. The royal sanction given to the Confederation scheme. in PERIOD OF THE CONFEDERATIOH. in UP TO OUR DAYS. ifci*i ^.— 'A (1867-1887.) in of 1867. The Confederation Act of the Provinces of Quebec, Ontario, New- Brunswick and Nova* Scotia in force (ist July). Lord Monk, the last governor under the Union, remains in office as Governor of the confederated provinces, up to 18684 National debt $75,728,641. Quebec, capital of the Province of Quebec ; Toronto, capital of Ontario ; Frederickton, ca- pital of New-Brunswick, and Halifax, capital of' Nova-Scotia. Sir N. F. B^'lieau, lieutenant-governor of the Province of Ouebec. Provincial Administration Chauveau. Honorable Cockburn elected speaker of the House of Commons. ■p — B4 1868. Departure of the first detachment of the Ca- hadian Pontifical Zouaves for Rome. Fourth Council of Quebec* Twenty-first Oovernor : Lord LISGAB. (1868-1872). 1 Iffllr 1869. The Hudson's Bay Company cede their ter- ritory to the Imperial Government, and keep their privilege of trading, and a certain area of land. Conflagration of a part of the Sisters of Cha- rity's Alms-house. The Imperial Government transfer the North- West and Hudson's Bay territories to the Ca- nadian Government for the consideration of . 300,000 pounds. Declaration of rights by the Metis* 1870. Conflagration into the Saguenay : in the space of six hours, the fire destroys everything on an extent of 105 miles. rth- Ca- of — 05 - The Province of Manitoba enters into the Confederation. A conflagration destroys more than 400 houses in the St. Roch's suburb. Death of the archbishop Baillargeon. The Vicars General Cazeau and Taschereau, administrators. Insurrection of the Metis of Manitoba ; they oppose themselves to the entrance of lieutenant- governor McDougall in their country. Expedition of Colonel Wolseley to Manitoba. Second invasion of the Fenians repulsed. 1871. British Columbia becomes a Province of the Confederation. Mgr E. A. Taschereau, the sixteenth bishop of Quebec. Population of Canada: 3,485,761 souls. Twenty-sicond Qorernor : Lord DI7FFEBI1T. (1872-1878). 1872. Lord Dufiferin arrives at Quebec (25th June), — 66 — Foundation of the Sacred Heart Hospital by Mgr Taschereaii. Proclamation of the bishops of the Province in relation with the construction of a new church at St. Ann of Beaupre. Abolition of the double mandate. Establishment of the perpetual exposition of Blessed Sacrament under the form of Forty Hours, in the archdiocese of Quebec. 1873. Sir George E. Cartier dies in London : public honors rendered to him at the time of the translation of his mortal remains to Montreal. Amnesty of Riel, Mgr Fabre, coadjutor at Montreal. Foundation of the Seminary of Chicoutimi. The Honorable R. E. Caron, lieutenant-gov- ernor of the Province of Quebec. The McKenzie government succeed to the Macdonald government, defeated on the ques- tion of the Pacific Railway. Fifth Provincial Council. Conflagration of the Court House of Quebec. Royal inquest about the contract of the Pa- •Cific. — 67 — Provincial government Ouimet. Foundation of the Annals of St. Ann of Beau- pre. Entrance of the Prince Edward's Island into the Confederation, 1874. Honorable Anglin elected speaker of the House of Commons. Erection of the diocese of Sherbrookc. Provincial government De Boucherville. 200th anniversary of the erection of Quebec into a bishopric, and the cathedral of Quebec promoted to the rank of Basilic Minor. Riel, elected by acclamation, is excluded from the House of Commons by the vote of the de- puties, and put out of law by the Supreme Court of Manitoba. 1875. Pastoral letter of the bishops of the Province of Quebec, denouncing the catholic liberalism. Death of L. J. Papineau, the illustrious de- mocrat orator, ^ Amnesty of Riel and Lepine who are banished for five years. . Insurrection of Caraquette against the school law. m IM' 1876. Canonical insiitution of Laval University. Foundation at Montreal of a branch of Laval University. Foundation of the Catholic Circle of Quebec. First president : the Knight Vincelette. St. Ann chosen as patroness of the Province of Quebec. Death of lieutenant-governor Caron. The Honorable Letellier de St. Just, third lieutenant-governor of the Province of Quebec* Mgr Fabre, third bishop of Montreal. Benediction of the new church of St. Ann of Beaupre, by Mgr .Taschereau. Condemnation of the newspaper the " Reveil", founded by A, Buies. 1877. Declaration of the bishops of the Province of Quebec concerning the judgment of the Supreme Court for undue influence in the election of Charlevoix. Arrival of Mgr Conroy, apostolic delegate to Canada, for the settlement of certain difficulties. The Mother Marie de I'lncarnation proclaim- ed Venerable, I i I:! — 69 — Conflagration of the town of St. John (N. B.). Demolition of the Jesuits' old college. 1878. Decisive measure of lieutenant-governor Le- tellier (March). Provincial government Joly. Sixth Provincial Council. Erection of the diocese of Chicoutimi. The McKenzie government defeated at the general elections (loth October). Solemn translation of the mortal remains of Mgr de Laval, into the chapel of the Seminary of Quebec, amidst an immense concourse of people. The MacDonald government at Ottawa. Lord Dufferin leaves Canada (17th October), The Redemptorists take charge of the paro- chial duties of the sanctuary of St. Ann of Beaupre. The Reverend Sister Bourgeoys proclaimed Venerable. — 70 — 7went7-tliird QoTemor: The Marquis of LOBNE. (1878-1883). 1878. Death of Mgr Conroy, apostolic delegate to Canada. The Halifax commission grants to Canada and Newfoundland an indemnity of 5^ millions of dollars. Abolition of the stipendiary magistracy. Riot of the ship laborers of Quebec Harbour. 1879. Destitution of lieutenant-governor Letellier for the dismissal of the de Boucherville govern- ment (25th July). Hon. Blanchet elected speaker of the House of Commons. The Honorable Theod. Robitaille, fourth lieutenant-governor of the Province of Quebec. The Legislative Council suspends the vote of supplies. Provincial government Chapleau. Adoption of a protecting tariff. 1880. Catholic Congress and grand national feast of the french Canadians at Quebec, — 71 — 1881. Conflagration of the church and a part of St. John's suburb. Ecclesiastical Court established in the diocese of Quebec. Signature of the contract for the construction of the Pacific. Population of Canada: 4,324,810 souls. 1882. Royal Society of ^anada, founded by the Marquis of Lome. Sale of the North Shore Railway. Mgr Lorrain, Vicar Apostolic of Pontiac. Provincial government Mousseau. Prefecture Apostolic of the gulf of St. Law- rence, Mgr Bosse, first Prefect, Honorable Kirkpatrick elected speaker of the House of Commons. Tw6nt7-£}iirtli Qovemor : The Harquis of LANSDOWITE. (1883). 1883. Mgr Smeulders comes to Canada in the ca- pacity of Commissioner Apostolic. 72 liii Death of the Hon. J. E. Cauchon, ex-Heute- nant-governor of Manitoba, in the North-West. Conflagration of the old parliamentary build- ings at Quebec. 1884. The Honorable R. Masson, lieutenant-gov- ernor of the Province of Quebe Speaker of the House of Com- mons, 1 874- 1 878. Annan (Hon.), Prime Minister of Nova Scotia, 1867. Antigonish, formerly Arichat, diocese, 1844. Anville (duke d'), looses the fleet destined to recover Louisboujg, 1746. Argrenson (d'), fifth governor, 165 8- 1 66 1, — 81 — 760- ,om- :otia, 544. Id to Arnold, besieges Quebec, 1775. Ariohat, to-day Antigonish, erected into a diocese, 1844. Armstrongr, fort at the inferior end of Rocky Island, constructed by Colonel Masson, 1 8 16. A&hburton, treaty between England and United States, 1842. Assomption, college, founded by curate La- belle, 1832. Athaba&ka — MoKenzie, Vicariate-apostolic 1862. Auberi (R. F.), author of a memorandum res- pecting the limits of New France and New England, in 1720. Aubert (Thomas), pilot, ascends the St. Law- rence, in 1508. Auberiviere (Mgr de 1'), fifth bishop of Quebec, 1740. Dead, 1740. Auolair (curate), establishes the Holy Child- hood at Quebec, 1862. Avaufifour (d'), sixth governor, 1661-1663. Aylmer (Lord), tenth governor, 1830- 183 5. il"" - 82 — B Baby (Hon.), Speaker of the Legislative Coun- cil, 1794 and 1806. Bagrot (Sir), fifteenth governor, 1 842- 1 843. Baillarfir6 (L. G.), founder of a professorship of Literature at Laval University, 1886. Baillarsreon (Mgr), founds the christian schools, 1842, the Good Shepherd, 1850. Coad- jutor, 1850, Administrator, 1855. Fifteenth bishop of Quebec, 1867. Dead, 1870. Bailly (Mgr), coadjutor, 1789. Dead, 1794. Baldwin -Lafontaine, Prime Ministers, 1842. Barre (de la), tenth governor, 1682-1685. De- feated by the Iroquois, 1684. Basilians (college of the), founded at Toronto, 1849. Batoche, victory of Middletcn over the Metis, 1885. Beaudry (Hon.), author of the *• Curates and Church- Ward ens Code." Beauharnois (de), Intendant, 1702, Beauhamois (de), fifteenth governor, 1726- 1747. 83 — tis, nd 56- Beaujeu (de), victorious in Braddock at Mo- nongahela, 1755. Beaus6jour, fort, constructed, 1748. Taken by the English, 1755. B^dard (Hon.), imprisoned, 1809. Justice, 181 1. Suspended, 1837. B6dard (T. P.), author of the " History of 50 years." Bedlni (Mgr), visits Canada, 1853, B6flron, intendant, 17 12. Beloour (abbot G. A.), author of a Sauteux- French grammar and dictionnary. Belleau-McDonald, Prime Ministers, 1865. Belleau (Sir N. F.), Speaker of the Legislative Council, 1858. Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec, 1867. Bermudas, place of banishment of 24 political Canadian prisoners, 1838, Berrey (R. F.), last superior of the monks o the order of St. Francis (RecoUets), in Ca- nada. Dead, 1800. Berth«let (M.), founder of the Brothers of Charity Institute, at 'Montreal, 1867. Biard (R, F.), author of ** History of New France." Dead in France, 1622. - 84 - Bibaud (Michel), author of an History of Ca- nada, and of many literary collections. Dead, 1857. Bienville (de), founds New-Orleans, 17 17. Bigot, intendant, 1748. Banished from Fran- ce and his properties confiscated, 1763. Bird (Hon.), Speaker of the Legislative Assem- bly of Manitoba, 1 873- 1 874. Bishop college, founded by bishop Mountain, 1843. Blanchet (Hon.), Speaker of the Legislative Assembly, 1867, and of the House of Com- mons, 1 879- 1 882. Blanchet (Mgr F. N.), Vicar Apostolic of Oregon, 1843 ; archbishop of Oregon City, 1846. Blanchet (Mgr A. M.), bishop of Walla- Walla, 1846, transfers his seat to Nesqualy, 1850* Resigns, 1869. Dead, 1887. Boscawen, captures two vessels of the Dieskau squadron, 1755. B0S86 (Mgr), first Prefect Apostolic of the gulf of St Lawrence, 1882. Boston, riot respecting the stamp duty, 1773* — 85 — ilia, 15a the Boucher-Belleville (Abbot), author of a col- lection of canticals, for the use of the mis- sions, and of a manual of controversy. Dead, 1839. Bouoherville (Boucher de), author of the novel " Une de perdue et deux de trouvees." Bouoherville (de). Speaker of the Legislative Council, 1867. Prime Minister of Quebec, 1 874- 1 878. Bougainville, arrives at Quebec, 1756. BouUard (Abbot), capitulary vicar, 1728. Bourdages (Hon.), imprisoned, 1809. Bourdon (John), takes possession of Hudson's Bay, in the name of Lewis XIV, 1656. Bourgeoys (Rev. Sister), founds in Montreal, the Congregation of Notre-Dame, 1653. Dead, 1700. Declared Venerable, 1878. Bourget (Mgr), coadjutor of Montreal, 1837. Second bishop, 1840. Resigns, 1876. Dies archbishop of Martianapolis, 1885. Bourlamarque, arrives at Quebec, 1756. Eva- cuates forts Carillon and St. Frederic, 1759. Bouteroue (de), intendant, 1668. Braddook, defeated by de Beaujeu, 1755. ■■ — 86 — Brassard (Curate), founds the Seminary of Ni- colet, erected in 1805, British Oolumbia, Vicariate Apostolic, 1865. Enters into the Confederation, 1873, Braun (R. p.), author of " Une fleur de Car- mel," and many other remarkable writings. Dead, 1885. BrebcBuf (R. F. de), martyrized, 1649. Breda, treaty, restitutes Acadia to France, 1667. Bresaani (R. F.), made prisoner and tortured by the Iroquois, 1644 Author of a Rela- tion of New France. Dead in Florence, 1672. Briand (Mgr), seventh bishop of Quebec, 1766. Dead, 1794. Brook, defeats Hull, at Detroit, 18 12. Brown-Dorion, Prime Ministers, 1858. Brunet (Abbot O.), naturalist ; dead, 1876. Burgoyne, defeated at Albany and Saratoga, 1777. Burke (Mgr), first Vicar Apostolic of Nova Scotia, i8i8. Dead, 1820. Burlington, defeat of the Americans, 18 1 3. — 87 — Burnet, erects fort Chouagen, or Oswego, 1723. Burton, governor of Three Rivers, 1760. Barton, administrator, 1825. ^66. >ga, ova Oabot (John and Sebastian), discover Labra- dor, 1497. Oallieres (de), thirteenth governor, 1698- 1703. Peace of Montreal, 1701. Dead, 1703. Campbell (Sir), speaker of the Legislative Council, 1863. Lieutenant-governor of On- tario, 1887. Oarbery (Mgr), third bishop of Hamilton, 1883. Cameron (Mgr), coadjutor, 1870. Third bishop of Arichat or Antigonish, 1877. Canada, discovered, 1534. Vicariate Apostolic, 1658. Earthquakes, 1663. Ceded to Eng- land, 1763. Dismemberment by George III, 1763. Divided into Upper and Lower Canada, 1792. Union Scheme of both Canadas, 1822. Union Act sanctioned by the Queen, 1840; put in force, 1841. Confederation Act, 1867. Canadian (The), founded, 1806. Suspended by Craig, 1809. m IU'li IP I'l I' -i, i' 'i;l .1 ' •Ml — 88 — Oaouette (Miss), founds the monastery of the Precieux-Sang, at St. Hyacinthe, 1863. Cardinal, executed at Montreal, 1838. Oarisnan (Regiment of), arrives at Quebec, 1665. Oarillon (fort), victory of Montcalm over Aber- cromby, 1758. Capture of the fort by Montgomery, 1775. Oarleton (Sir), third governor, 1766- 1 796. Oaron (Hon. R. E.), speaker of the Legislative Council, 1843 and 1848. Second lieutenant- governor of Quebec, 1873- 1876. Dead, 1876. Oaron (Rev. F. le), arrives at Quebec, 16 15. Carmelites, at Hochelaga ; founder, Mgr Bourget, 1875. Cartier (James), visits Canada, 1534, 1535, 1 541 and 1543. Cartier-MoDonald, Prime ministers 1858. Cartier (Sir George), statesman. Dead, 1 873. Casoo (to-day Portland), the English defeated by the French, 1690 Casault (Rev. L. J.), founder of Laval Uni- versity, 1852. Dead, 1862. — 89 — Ini- Oasgrain (abbot R.), author of many remark- able writings. Cataraooui (fort), constructed by Frontenac, 1672. Demolished by Denonville, 1689. Reconstructed by Frontenac, 1695. Oathoart (Count of), seventeenth governor, 1 845- 1 847. Oauohon (Hon.), lieutenant-governor of Mani- toba, 1877. Dead, 1883. Oazeau (Mgr C. F.), Vicar General and do- mestical prelate. Dead, 1881. Oazot (R. F.), dead, 1700. Oatholio Circle of Quebec, 1876; first presi- dent, C. Vincelette. « Civil Code, in force, 1866. Chambly (fort), constructed, i666. Captured by Montgomery, 1775. Victory of the Ca- nadians over the English, 1837. Chambly (college), founded by curate Mi- gnault, 1824. Champigny (de), intendant, 1688. Charest (abbot), founds with Mgr Signay, St. Roch's convent, 1844. Chameau (The), Royal ship, is lost near Louis- bourg, T725. Champlain (Samuel de), goes forth as far as ■^ I I I t r m — 90 — St. Lewis Sault, 1603. First governor of Canada, i6o8-i629and 1633-1635. Founds Quebec, 1608. Victory of Champlain lake, and discovery of the Richelieu river and lake Champlain, 1609. Victory near Sorel, 16 10. Erects a fort at St. Lewis Sault, 161 1. Discovers Ottawa river, 1613, Defeated by the Iroquoi , he discovers the lakes Simcoe, Ontario, Huron and Nipis- sing, 161 5. Brings up his family to Que- bec, and erects fort St. Lewis, 1620. Esta- blishes farms at Cape Tourmente, 1626. Returns to France, 1629. Comes back to QueJ^ec and builds the church of N. D. de Recouvrance, 1633. Dead, at Quebec, 1635. Ohamplain (lake) discovered, 1609. The En- glish fleet annihilated, 18 14. Ohapleau (Hon.), Prime Provincial Minister, 1 879- 1 882. Chapter of Quebec, 1684. Dissolution, 1772. Oharbonnel (Mgr de), second bishop of To- ronto, 1830. Resigns, i860. Founds the Basilians college, at Toronto, 1849. Charlevoix (R. F.), author of a ** General History of New France." Dead in France, 1761. 91 — leral nee, Oharlottetown, diocese, 1829. Oharny (de), administrator, 1656. Ohassaifirne (de), defeats Schuyler, at Prairie de la Magdeleine, 1791. Ohateaufort (de), administrator, 1636. Ohateauguay, defeat of the Americans, 181 3. Ohates (de), obtains Chauvin's Commission, 1603. Chatham, diocese, i860. Ohaudi^re (river), discovered by Father Druil- lettes, 1646. Ohaumonot (R. F.), establishes a sedentary mission with the Onontagues, 1655-56. Ohauveau (Hon.), founder of Normal Schools, 1857. Prime Provincial Minister, 1867- 1873. Publicist. Ohauvin, establishes a counter at Tadoussac, 1 599. Ohazel (de), intendant, 1725. Ohedabouotou, captured by Phipps, 1690. Ohicoutimi, college, 1873. Diocese, 1878. Mgr Racine, first bishop, 1878. Ohippewa, victory of the Americans, 1814. Cholera Asiatic, 1832, 1834, 1 849, 185 1. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 7 // %// €0 W^ & ^^ (/j (/. 1.0 I.I 1.25 IM JIM iin 9 lis 2.2 :;40 112.0 1.8 \A. IIIIII.6 V] v^ .^ cf^: c'i A W <^m /^ •^^ y Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872-4503 ^9) o >1> ^^ o S^ ^ o^ ^S-J SPx #>. &< (Pr "W 1] 1 m ini'i" .!{ ":l: i ■u -A' V III 111 I — 92 — Ohouagen (Oswego), captured by Montcalm, 1756. Ohristier's Farm, defeat of the Americans, 1813. Olark, lieutenant-governor, 179^-1793. deary (Mgr), sixth bishop of Kingston, 1880. Glut (Mgr), bishop coadjutor of Athabaska- McKenzie ; preconisation, 1866; conse- cration, 1867. ' Oobourg, Victoria college, 1841. Oookburn (Hon.), Speaker of the House of Commons, 1867- 1874. Code of Civil Procedure, in force, 1866. Oolborne (fort), retreat of the Canadians before the Fenians, 1866. Oolborne, administrator, 1837. 13th governor, 1 838- 1 839. Columbus (Christopher), discovers America, October, 1492. Company of Rouen, or Merchants' Company. 1614-1620. of Montmorency, 1621-1627. of the Cent-Associes, 1627-1663. of Habitants, 1645. of West Indies, 1664-1674, of N. D. of Montreal, 1640. « •( « o Confederation Act, 1867. cook (Rev. Dr.), founds the High School of Quebec, 1843. Cooke (Mgr), first bishop of Three Rivers, 1852. Founder of the college of Three Rivers, i860. Dead, 1870. Cond6, viceroy, 161 2. Confederation (scheme of), adopted by the Parliament of Canada, 1865. Sanctioned by the Queen. 1867. Conferences (political), of the delegates of Ca- nada and Maritime Provinces, 1864. Congregation (Sisters of), establish themselves at Quebec, 1689. Congress (catholic), at Quebec, 1880. Connolly (Mgr), second bishop of St. John, 1852 ; transfered to Halifax, 1859. Dead, 1876. Conroy (Mgr), Delegate Apostolic 1877. Dead, 1878. ContreocBur (de), erects fort Duquesne, 1754* Coquart (R. F.), author of an Abenaquis grammar, and dictionary. Dead, 1765. Corlar (near Albany), PInglish defeated by the French, 1690. 94 i;,'. Ooi-ne (de la), defeats the English at Grandpre, 1747- dornwall (Hon), lieutenant-governor of British Columbia, 1882. Cortereal (de), enters into the gulf of St Law- rence, 1500. Oounoils of Quebec, 1851, 1854, 1863, 1868, 1873, 1878 and 1886. dounoil of Public Instruction of Lower Ca- nada, 1859. Council of Notable, decide to obtain a good choice of settlers, 16 16. Council of Quebec, 1648. Oourcelles (de), eighth governor, 1665- 1672. Court of Appeals, 1843. Courrier du Canada, founded, 1 856. Craig (Sir J.), fifth governor, 1809-1811. He tries to have the curates appointed by the King. Cramah6, administrator, 1770- 1774. Cr6mazie (Oct.), Canadian poet, dead at Havre, France, 1879. Crespel (R. F.), author of a " Voyage in the New- World, and History of the wreck of 95 i'- .a- Father Crespel," published at Amsterdam^ 1759. Dead, 1775. Crevier (curate), founder of the college of Ste. Marie de Monnoir and of the convrnt of the Sisters of the Presentation, at Ste, Marie de Monnoir, 1853* Creve-Ooeur (fort), erected by de la Salle, 1680, Orinnon (Mgr), second bishop of Hamilton, 1874. Dead, 1882. Orozier, defeated by the Metis a^ Ducks' lake, 1885. Ouoq (abbot), author of an Iroquois Prayer Book, and of an Algonquin Catechism. Ourateau (abbot), founder of the Montreal college, 1767. Ouvillier (Hon.), parts from the democrat orator Papineau, 1833-34. Speaker of the Legislative Assembly, 1841. D re, he of Dablon (R. F.), establishes a mission with the Onontagues, 1655-56. Dalhousie (Count of), ninth governor, 182c* 1828. 96 pi 'liii DaltOn (Mgr), fifst bishop of Havre de Grace, 1856. t>aniel (R. F.), martyrized, 1648. iDaniel (abbot F.), author of the " History of the principal families of Canada," 1867* l^anville (de), viceroy, i6^<4» Daulao, slaughtered with his fellow- brothers in arms, i66o» l^earborn, defeated at Lacolle, by de Sala- berry, 18 12. ^eerfield, destroyed by Hertel de Rouville, 1704. t>e G-asp^ (P. A.), author of the '* Ancient Ca- nadians,." Dead, 1871* Benaut (Mgr), tenth bishop of Quebec, 1797. Dead, 1806. Demers (Mgr), bishop of Vancouver. 1844. Dead, 1871. Denonville (de), eleventh governor, 1685-89. Defeats the Iroquois Tsonnonthouans,, 1687. Bequen (R» F.), discovers lake St. John, 1641. Dead, 1659. Desautels (Mgr), founds Rigaud college, 1850. I" I of ICa- 797- ;-89. lans,, 641. 850. — 97 — Detroit, founded by Lamothe-Cadillac, 1700. Slaughter of 2,000 Outagamis, 17 12, De- feat of the Americans, 18 12. Dewdney (Hon.), second lieutenant-governor of North-West, 1881. Ddziel (Mgr), founder of the Levis college, 1853. Dead, 1882. D'Herbomez (Mgr), first Vicar Apostolic of British Columbia, 1864. Dieskau, two vessels of his squadron are cap- tured by Boscawen, 1755. Made prisoner by Johnson, at Fort Edward, 1755. Dorion (Sir A. A.), administrator of Caiiada, 1876. l!)osquet (F coadjutor, 172 8 ; fourth bishop ofQu * ^734. Dead, 1777. Dollier de . ^cs^on (abbot), author of an " His- tory of Montreal," 1673. Dead, 1701. Dolbeau (R. F.), arrives at Quebec, 1615, Dowling (Mgr), second bishop of Peterborough, 1887. Doyle (Maj. Gen.), lieutenant-governor of No- va-Sv':otia, 1867. Draper-.Ogden, Prime Ministers, i86l. Draper- Vlger, «< « 1843, 1 1 I V. 'i I ^ t Hi 111 "V 111 — 98 — Draper-Papineau, Prime Ministers, 1846. Druoour, commander of Louisbourg, capitul- ates, 1758. Druillettes (R. F.), discovers the Chaudiere and Kenebec rivers, 1646. Drummond, administrator, 181 5. Dubuo (Hon.), speaker of the Legislative As- sembly of Manitoba, 1 87 5- 1 878. Dubuque (Julien), founder of Dubuque. Dead, 1810. Duohanne (curate), founds Ste.Therese college, 1824. Duohesneau, intendant, 1675. DuokB' Lake, defeat of Crozier, by the Metis, 1885. Duoreux (R. F.), author of an ** History of Ca- nada." Dufferin (Lord), twenty-second governor, 1 872- 1878. Dufresne (curate), founder of Sherbrooke*s college, 1852. Duhaxnel (Mgr), second bishop of Ottawa, 1 874. first archbishop, 1886. Dunn (Hon.), speaker of the Legislative Coun- cil, 1793-1 808, Administrator, 1805-1807. — 99 — Dullard (Mgr), first bishop of Frederickton, 1843. Dead, 185 1. Duplessis (Brother Pacifique), arrives at Que- 161 5. Frustrates the plot of the confeder- ated Indians, 16 16. Dead, 1619, Duplessis-Boohard, slaughtered by the Iro- quois, 165 1. Dupuy, intendant, 1727, Duquesne (fort), 1754 ; abandoned, 1758. Duquet, executed at Montreal, 1838, Durham (Lord), twelfth governor, 1838. Grants amnesty to almost all the political prisoners. Durieu, (Mgr), auxiliary to the Vicar Apos- tolic of British Columbia, 1875. :i 172- ke's [74. )un- Eleoteur (The), founded, 1879. Blfifin (Lord), eighth governor, i847-i854* Blmsley (Hon.), speaker of the Legislative Council, 1803. Brie (lake), discovered by Fathers Chaumonot and de Breboeuf, 1640. Brie (fort), captured by the Fenians, 1866. J07. — 100 '^! I'll p. I i i : I ml I f' 'fif ! i Esfiflis (Mgr d'), eighth bishop of Quebec. First Canadian bishop, 1784. Buried at St. Pe- ter's, I. O., 1788. Bstrades (d'), viceroy, 1662. Bstr6es (John d'), viceroy, 1686. Bstr6es (M. Victor d'), viceroy, 1707- 1737. Btendard (The), founded 1882. Evans (W.), author of many works on agricul- culture. '-)ead, 1857. Bxiled (political), favored with amnesty, 1845. Ev6nement (The), founded by H. Fabre, 1 866. Fabre (Mgr), coadjutor, 1873. Third bishop of Montreal, 1876. First archbishop, 1886. Faillon (abbot), historian. Faribault (B), professor of archaiology. Dead, 1866. Faraud ("Mgr), first Vicar Apostolic of Atha- baska-McKenzie, 1863. Farrell (Mgr), first bishop of Hamilton, 1856. Dead, 1863. Ferland (abbot J. B. A.), historian. Dead, 1 865. Fenians, invade Canada, 1866. i!ii — 101 — 856. 865. Peuqui^res (de), viceroy, 1660. Plemingr (Mgr), fourth Vicar Apostolic of St. John Newfoundland, 1829. First bishop, 1847. Dead, 1850. Forbin-Janson (Mgr), arrives in Canada, 184O. Presides the installation of the Montreal Chapter, 1841. Dead at Paris, 1844. Porgues (curate), one of the founders of Laval University. Erects the convent of St. Lawrence, I. O., 1875. Founds fellowships in the seminary of Quebec. Dead, 1882. Fourmond (R. F.), slaughtered by the Indians, in the North-West, 1885. Frazer (Mgr), second Vicar Apostolic of Nova Scotia, 1820. First bishop of Arichat, 1844. Dead, 1850. Fredoriotown, defeat of the Americans, 1813. Frontenac (fort), erected, 1672. Demolished, 1689. Rebuilt, 1695. Captured by the English, 1758. Frontenao (de), ninth governor, 1672- 1682. Disputes with Mgr de Laval, 1677. Re- called, 1682. Twelfth governor, 1689- 1698. Fruitful expedition against the Iro- quois, 1696. Dead, at Quebec, 1698, at y^ years of age. — 102 — fitj II Mil rage, governor of Montreal, 1760. Galissonni^re (de la), administrator, 1747-49. Gamaohe (Marquis of), founds Jesuits' College, at Quebec, 1635. Gamelin (Madam), founds convent of the Pro- vidence of Montreal, 1828. Qand, treaty, 1814. , Garneau, national historian, dead, 1864. Gamier (R, F.), slaughtered by the Iroquois, 1649. Gaspareaux (fort), erected, 1748- 1749. Cap- tured by the English, 1755. Gaudais-Dupont, organizes the Sovereign Council, 1663. Q"aulin (Mgr), bishop coadjutor, at Kingston, 1833 ; second titulary bishop, 1840. Dead, 1857. Geography (society of), 1876. Georffe (fort), victory of the Americans, 18 13. George III, King of England, 1760- 1820. Abolishes, the french laws, 1763. -.ap- — 103 — Qeorgre IV, King of England, 1820- 1 830. G-illow (Mgr), second Vicar Apostolic of St. John, Newfoundland, 18 18. Girouard (curate), founds St. Hyacinth's Col- lege, 181 1. Good-Shepherd, of Montreal, founded by Mgr Bourget, 1844. Good- Shepherd, r / Quebec, founded by Mgr Baillargeon and Mr. Muir, 1850. Gosford (Count of), eleventh governor, 1835- 1838. Grandin (Mgr), coadjutor at St. Boniface, 1857, Titulary bishop of St. Albert, 187 1. Grandpr6, v ctory of the Canadians over the English, 1747. Dispersion of the Aca- dians, 1755 and 1762. Gravel (Mgr), first bishop of Nicolet, 1885. Guigues (Mgr), first bishop of Ottawa, 1847. Founds Ottawa college, 1847. Dead, 1874. H 813. 820. Habeas Corpus, in force, 1786. Haldimand, lieutenant-governor, 1778-178$. Head (Sir Edmund), nineteen governor, 1854- 1861. mmmmm •[^ ill'- {'■ !t )» 111!- 11 li f — 104 — Halifax, founded by the English, 1749. Dio- cese, 1842. Ecclesiastical Province, 1852. Hamel-Landry, litigation, 1883. Hamilton, lieutenant-governor, 1785- 1786. Hamilton, diocese, 1856. Hannan (Mgr) third bishop of Halifax, 1877, Dead, 1882. HardinfiT (Col.), lieutenant-governor of New- Brunswick, 1867. Harper (abbot), founds convent of the Sisters of Assumption, at St. Gregoire, 1853. Haverhill, destroyed by Hertel de Rouville, 1704. Hazeur (abbot), capitulary vicar, 1740. Hubert (Rev. Nicolas), founds Hebertville, in Saguenay, 185 1. Hubert (Louis), arrives at Quebec, with his fa- mily, 1617. Henry IV, King of France, 1589-1610. Hertel de Rouville, destroys Deerfield and Haverhill, 1704. Heve (La), captured by Phipps, 1690, Hiffh School, of Quebec, founded by Dr. Cook, 1843. Hincks-Morin, Prime ministers, iSsi* lu ~ ll'O and )ok, Hincks (Sir Francis), dead, 1885. Hooquart, intendant, 173 1. Holy Childhood, founded at Quebec by curate Auclair, 1852. Hope, lieutenant-governor, 1786. Horan (Mgr), fourth bishop of Kingston, 1858, Dead, 1875. Hospital of the Sacred Heart, founded by Mgr Taschereau, 1872. Hospital General, of Montreal, founded by Madam d'Youville, 1747. Hospital G-eneral, of Quebec, founded by Mgr de St. Vallier, 1693. H6tel-Dieu, of Montreal, founded by Miss Mance, 1657. Hotel-Dieu, of Quebec, founded by the Du- chess d'AiguiUon, 1639. Howland (Hon.), lieutenant-governor of On- tario, 1869. Hubert (Mgr), ninth bishop of Quebec, 1788. Dead, 1797. Hudson's Bay, d' Iberville takes possession of forts Monsipi, Rupert, Quitchitchouane, 1686, and Nelson, 1697. f; 'TT^ ir ■; il ft: iiii f. ::■ I : — 106 — Hull, defeated by Brock, at Detroit, 1 8 1 2. Huron (lake), discovered by Champlain, 1615. I Iberville (d'), takes possession of forts Monsipi, Rupert and Quitchitchouane, in Hudson's Bay, 1686. Beats the English at Pemquid and St. John, Newfoundland, 1696. Cap- ture of fort Nelson, in Hudson's Bay, 1697. Founds Mobile, 1701. Dead at Havana, 1705. He aux Noix, captured by Montgomery, 1775. Inoarnation (Motherof), dead, 1672. Declared Venerable, 1877. Institute (Canadian), of Quebec, founded, 1 847. Institute (Canadian), of Montreal, condemned ^ by the S. C. of Inquisition, 1869. Institute (St. Patrick's), 1852. Iroquois, (converted), 1667 Irving, administrator, 1766. \m h Jackson, administrator, 1841. Jamay (R, F.), arrives at Quebec, 161 5. — 107 — Jameson (Hon.), speaker of the Legislative Council, 1841. Jamot (Mgr), Vicar Apostolic of the Northern Canada, 1874. First bishop of Peterborogh. Dead, 1886. Jesuits, at Quebec, 1625. College of Quebec, founded by the Marquis de Gamache, 1635, and transformed into barracks, 1776. Con- fiscation of their properties, 1800. Return in Canada, 1842, incorporated, 1887. Jogues (R. F.), martyrized, 1646. Johnson, takes Dieskau prisoner at fort Ed- ward, 1775. Joliet, discovers Mississippi, 1673. Dead at ' Anticosti, 1701. Joliette (Hon.), founds Joliette's college, 1846. Joly (Hon.), Prime Provincial Minister, 1878- 1879. Jonquiere (de la), sixteenth Governor, 1749- 1752. Dead, 1752. Journal of Quebec, founded by A. Cote, 1842. Jubilee, first at Quebec, 16 18. Judicial decentralisation, 1857. Jumonville, assassinated by the English, in Ohio, 1754. If r II — 108 — Justices, excluded from Parliament, 1811. Justice (The), newspaper founded, 1886. K Kempt (Sir), administrator, 1828-30. Requests his recall after tumultuous assemblies, 1830. Kenebeo (river), discovered by the Rev. F. Druillettes, 1646. The Abenaquis destroy 15 english forts in the neighbourhood of the river, 1689. Kertk (Brothers), take possession of Quebec, 1629. KinfiTston, college, 1837. Capital of Canada, 1 84 1. Diocese, 1726, Military Royal Col- lege, 1876. Kirkpatrick, speaker of the House of Com- mons, 1 882- 1 887. Kondiaronk, Huron Chief. Dead, 1 70 1. Labelle (Curate), founder of TAssomption's college, 1832. LabroBse (R. F,), author of the most part of religious books yet in use with the Monta- gnais. Dead, 1782. ■ — 109 ,t I I^aohine (village), slaughtered by 1 500 Iroquois, 1689. Laflteau (R. F.), historian and naturalist. Dis- covers the ^/;/-j^«^, 1 7 16. Dead, 1740. LaooUe, defeat of the Americans, 1812 and 1814. Lafleche (Mgr), coadjutor of Mgr Cooke, 1867. Administrator, 1869. Second bishop of Three Rivers, 1870. Lafontaine-Baldwin, Prime Ministers, 1848. Laird (Hon.), first lieutenant-governor of North- West, 1876. Lanfirevin (Mgr), first bishop of Rimouski, 1867. Lanfirevin (Sir H. L.), statesman and publicist* Lallemant (R. F.), martyrized, 1649. Lansdowne (Marquis of), twenty-fourth gov- ernor, 1883. Lanterne (The), newspaper published by A, Buies, and condemned, 1886. Larooque (Mgr J.), coadjutor at Montreal, 1852. Second bishop of St. Hyacinth, i860. Resigns, 1866. Larooque (Mgr C), third bishop of St. Hya- cinth, 1866. Dead, 1875. Ill IIW> i. . no — Lapointe (Curate), founder, together with the abbot Potvin, of Rimouski's College, 1854. Lartifirues (Mgr), auxiliary bishop, 1821. First bishop of Montreal, 1836. Dead, 1840. Larue (Dr. H.), professor and publicist. Dead, 1882. Lauzon (de), fourth governor, 1651-56. Treaty with the Agniers, 1653. Laval (Mgr de), born at Laval, France, 30th April, 1623. Vicar Apostolic of Canada, 1658. Founds Grand-Seminary of Quebec, 1663. Obtains the recall of the governors d'Avaugour, 1663, and de Mesy, 1665, Founds the Small-Seminary, 1668. First bishop of Quebec, 1674. Resigns, 1688. Dead at Quebec, 1708. Transfer of his mortal remains in the chapel of the Semin- ary, 1878. Order of the Congregation of Rites to transmit every writing of Mgr de Laval, 1886. Laval, University, 1852. Canonical erection, 1876. Branch at Montreal, 1876. Laverdi^re (abbot), historian. Dead, 1873. Le BalUif (R. F.), delegate near Lewis XIII, 1621. — Ill — Le Ber (Miss), recluse with the Sisters of the Congregation of Montreal, 1695, Legislative Oounoil, rendered elective, 1856. Le Jeune (R. F.), author of eight volumes of the Relations. Dead, at Paris, 166 1. Lemercier (R. F.), author of six volumes of the Relations. Leaves Quebec, 1685, to go and die at Antilles. Lemoyne de Ste. H^lene, destroys the village of Corlar, 1690. Lemoyne (Charles), baron of Longueil, admi- nistrator, 1726. Lemoyne (Charles), son, baron of Longueilj administrator, 1752. Lennoxville Bishop's college, 1843. Lesoarbot, settles at Port- Royal, 1606. Au- thor of an history of New France, Letellier de St. Just (Hon.), third lieutenant- governor of Quebec, 1876-79. Dismisses the De Boucherville government, 1878. Destituted, 1879. Levis, arrives at Quebec, 1756. Wins the battle of Ste. Foye, 1760. Levis, college, founded by Mgr Deziel, 1853. "1 ■ 1^^ f \'\ '!■.; !■ .'■■;i r ' ' (1 ■ i 'k \l i;i;i in* i ill':] — 112 — Liberalism, pastoral letter of the Canadian bishops, 1875. Ligrneris (de), happy expedition against the Outagamis, 1727. Lisffar (Lord), twenty-first governor, 1868- 1872. London, diocese, 1856. Mgr Pinsonneault, first bishop, 1856. Loranger (Hon.), jurisconsult. Dead, 1885. Lorimler (de), dies on the scaffold, 1838. Lome (Marquis of), twenty-third governor, 1 878- 1 883. Founds Royal Academy, 1882. Lorrain (Mgr), Vicar Apostolic of Pontiac, 1882. Lotbini^re (Hon. Chartier de), speaker of the Legislative Assembly, 1794. LouisbourfiT, founded, 17 13. Captured by the English, 1745 and restituted to France, 1748. Unfruitful attack of the English, 1757. Captured, 1758, Lewis XIII, King of France, 16 10- 1643. Lewis XIV, " *' 1643-1715. Lewis XV, «* " 171 5-1774. Lundy's Lane, defeat of the Americans, i8i4« — 113 — Lynch (Mgr), third bishop of Toronto, ,860 First archbishop, 1870. M Maohault. fort, erected, 1753. MacKinnon (Mgr), second bishop of Antigo- nish, 1852. Resigns, 1877. Dead, 1879. Magdeleine (Prairie de la), residence- of the converted Iroquois, 1669. Schuyler de- feated, 1690. Maine-Br6z6 (de). Chief Justice in Eyre, 1642 MalUoux (Abbot A.), author of many valuable works. Dead, 1877. Malsonneuve (co), founds Montreal, 1642. Re- turns to France, 1664. Maltland, administrator, 1820. Maizerets (Des), priest of the Seminary of Quebec. Dead, 1721, after a career of 50 years devoted to the education of youne people. Mallet (J. B.), founds Peoria, about 1778. Mance (Miss) founds Hotel-Dieu of Montreal 1657. Marchand (abbot J.), founds the Society of Masses, 1774. Dead, 1775. I i; li ! ir; l«: iitt \ !1 li 1 1h; — 114 — Marohand (R. F.), slaughtered by the Indians of the North-West, 1885. Manitoba, province of the Confederation, 1870. Marquette (R, F.), discovers the Mississippi, 1673. Establishes the mission of St, Mary's Sault, 1668. Dead, 1675. Marooux (abbot), author of remarkable works on Iroquois language. Dead, 1855. Martin (R, F.) author of many works. Founder of the college of St. Mary of Montreal, 1849. Dead, 1886. Masse (R. F.), dead at Sillery, 1646. Masson (colonel), erects fort Armstrong, 18 16. Masson (Madam), founds Terrebonne's college* 1847. Masson (Hon. R.), fifth lieutenant-governor of Quebec, 1884. Maurault (abbot), author of an history of the Abenaquis, 1866. MoDonald-Oartier, Prime Ministers, 1857. McDonald- Siootte, •* " 1862. MoDonald-Dorion, " '* 1863. McDonald (Sir J. A.), Prime Minister, 1867- 1873 and 1878. 115 - McDonald (Mgr), second bishop of Charlotte- town, 1837. Dead, 1859. McDonald (Hon. J. S ), speaker of the Legis- lative Assembly, 1852. Prime Minister of Ontario, 1867. McDonell (Mgr), coadjutor of the bishop of Quebec for Upper Canada, 1820. First bishop of Kingston, 1826. Dead, 1840. McDougall (Hon.), first governor of Manitoba, 1870. McBachern (Mgr), suffragart of Quebec for the provinces and the islands of the gulf of St. Lawrence, 18 19. First bishop of Char- lottetown, 1829. Dead, 1835. MoGill, college, 1835. University, 1843. McGill (Hon.), benefactor of the college bear- ing his name. Speaker of the Legislative Council, 1847. McQee (Hon.), assassinated at Ottawa, 1868. Mclntyre (Mgr), third bishop of Charlottetown, i860. McKenzie (W. Lyon), political agitator of Upper Canada, dies 1861. McKenzie (Hon.), prime minister, 1873- 1878. — 116 — f l!1 \m J' . ; I 1 MoKinnou (Mgr), second bishop of Arichat, 1852. MoMicken (Hon.), speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, 1880- 1882. MoNab-Morin, prime ministers, 1854. MoNab-Taoh6, " " 1855. MoNab (Sir Allan), one of the greatest political men of Upper Canada. Speaker of the Legislative Assembly, 1844; and of the Legislative Council, 1862, Dead, 1862. Meighs, (fort), defeat of the Americans, 181 3. Meilleur (Dr.), first superintc. dent of educa- tion, 1842. Mercier (Hon.), prime minister of Quebec, 1887. Mercury (The), founded, 1805. M6sy (de), seventh governor, 1663- 1665. Dead at Quebec, 1665. Metoalf (Baron of), sixteenth governor, 1843- 1845. Dead, 1846. Meulles (de), intendant, 1682. Miamis (fort of the), erected by de Lasalle, 1680, Middleton (Sir), officer commanding the North- West expedition, 1885. — 117 — Mifirnault (curate), founds Chambly's college, 1824. Milnes (Sir), lieutenant-governor, 1799-1805. Minerve (The), founded, 1827. Mlniao (abbot), vicar capitular, 1740. Mississippi (river), discovered by Joliet and Marquette, 1673. Mouths of that river discovered by le Cavelier de la Salle, 1682, Mobile, founded by Lemoyne d'Iberville, 1701. Monok (Viscount), twentieth governor, 1861- 1868. Monk, administrator, 18 19. Speaker of the Legislative Council, 1802. Monongrahela, victory of de Beaujeu over Braddock, 1755. Monsipi (fort), captured by d'Iberville, 1686. Montgolfler (abbot), vicar capitular, 1760. Proposed as bishop by the Chapter of Quebec, 1763, but refused by the english government. Author of a life of Sister Bourgeoys, published in 18 18. Dead, 1791, Monts (de), establishes a colony in Acadia, 1604. MontfiTomery, takes possession of Carillon, St. Frederic, Ile-aux-Noix, Chambly, Mon- ! wt — 118 i . .0 l!tt> ' treal, Three-Rivers, and besieges Quebec, 1775. Killed under the walls of Quebec, 1775. Montmorency (de), viceroy, 1620. Montmorency, battle, 1759. Defeat of the English. Montcalm, arrives at Quebec, 1756. Takes possession of Chouagen (Oswego), 1756, and of fort Wiliiam Henry, 1757. Wins the battle of Carillon, 1758. Loses the battle of the plains of Abraham, and dies, 1759. Montmagny (de), second governor, 1636- 1648. Erects fort Richelieu, 1642. Montreal, founded by the Society N. D. de Montreal, represented by de Maisonneuve, 164: Arrival of a strong recrute, 1653, Capi ilation, 1760. College of Montreal, 1767. Capture of Montreal by Montgomery, 1775. Erection of the diocese, 1836, of the Chapter, 1841, Capital, 1843. Conflagra- tion of Parliament, 1849. Conflagration of several suburbs, 1852. Small-pox ravages, 1885. Archdiocese, 1886. Ecclesiastical Province, 1887. Moraviantown, victory of the Americans, 1 8 1 3. I — 119 Moreau (Mgr), fourth bishop of St. Hyacinth, 1876. Morin (Hon. A. N.)„ speaker of the Legislative Assembly, 1848. Mornay (Mgr de), third bishop of Quebec, 1728. Dead, 1741. Motte-Oadillao (de la), ^founds Detroit. 1701. Mountain (Dr ), protestant bishop of Quebec, founds Bishop's college, 1843. Mousseau (Hon.), prime minister, 1882- 1884. Muir (Knight), founds together with Mgr Bail- largeon, the Good-Shepherd of Quebec, 1850. MuUooh (Mgr), second bishop of St. John, Newfoundland, 1850. Municipalities, in Lower Canada, 1855. Morin (abbot), first Canadian priest, 1665. Dead, 1702. Morris (Hon.), speaker of the Legislative Coun- cil, 1853 and 1858. Murray, governor of Quebec, 1760. Second governor of Canada, iy6yiy66, Murray (Hon.), speaker of the Legislative As- sembly, 1883. .«!ii ■A: I: ill! I " il,.S iliil ';! ,1 .1 ! ! •iti'i I! — 120 — N Narantohouak, slaughter of Father Rasle, 1 724. Natchez, conspiration against the French, 1729. Navy-Island, Canadians repulsed by the En- glish, 1837. Necessity, fort, erected by Washington, 1754. Nelson, fort, captured by d' Iberville, 1697. Nelson (Hon.), lieutenant-governor of British Columbia, 1887. Neilson (Hon.), withdraws from Papineau, 1833-34. Niagara, fort, erected by de la Salle, 1680. Captured by the English, 1759. Nicholson, retreats towards Boston with his army, 171 1. Nicolet, seminary founded by curate Brassard, and erected, 1885. Diocese, 1885, first bishop, M^i C**avel, 1885. Ecclesiastical Court, 188;^. Nipissing (lake), discovered by de Champlain, 1615. Normal Schools, 1 857. Founder, Hon. P. Chauveau. ,n- — 121 — Normand (abbot L.). restorer of General Hos- pital of Montreal, and founder of the com- monalty of Grey Nuns, I7SI. Dead, 1759. North- West, annexation of, 1 869. Troubles and temporary government, 1870. Nou6 (R. F. de), found frozen on the ice, near fort Richeh'eu, 1646. Nova-Sootia, erected into a Vicariate Aposto- lic, 1 8 17. New-Orleans, founded by Bienville, 17 17. o Oblats, arrival at Montreal, 1841. O'Brien (Mgr), fifth bishop of Kingston, 1875. Dies suddenly at Quebec, 1879. O'Brien (Mgr), sixth archbishop of Halifax 1883. O'Donnell (Mgr), first Vicar Apostolic of S^ John, Newfoundland, 1796. Offloialty, established at Quebec, 1881. O'Mahony (Mgr), coadjutor to the archbishop of Toronto, 1869. Ontario (lake) discovered by de Champlain, 1615. 11:1 m It: ,f ,ri i H: > .a; ■ i i i , I — 122 — Ossrood (Hon.), speaker of the Legislative Council, 1794. Oswego, peace between Ponthiac and Eng- land, 1766. Defeat of the Americans, 18 14. Ottawa, diocese, 1847. Capital of Upper and Lower Canada, 1857, and of the Dominion, 1867. Archdiocese, 1886. Ecclesiastical Province, 1887, Ouimet (Hon.), prime minister, 1873-74. Ouimet (Hon. A.), speaker of the House of Commons, 1887, Outagamis, 2,000 slaughtered near Detroit, in 1712. Outaouais, river, discovered by de Champlain, 1615. ' P Pacific, (Railway), inaugurated between Mon- treal and Vancouver, 1886. Painchaud (curate) founds St. Ann's college, 1827. Panet (Mgr), twelfth bishop of Quebec, 1825. Dead, 1833. Panet (Hon.), speaker of the first Canadian parliament, 1792 and 1797. Suspended as Justice, 1838. -T 123 of Papineau (Hon.), speaker of the House of As- sembly, 1815 and 1825-1837. Dead, 1875. Parent (Etienne), publicist. Dead, 1874. Paris, treaty of Paris. Canada ceded to Eng- land, 1763. Parliament (first), 1792. Pastoral Letter, of the bishops against certain practices proper to destroy the liberty due to the Sacrament of Penance and to its ministers, 1880. Peltrie (Madam de la), founds the Ursulines of Quebec, 1639. Dead, 1671 Pemquid, (fort), captured by d'Iberville,i696 Perrault (abbot), vicar capitular, 1760. Period of Discoveries, 1492- 1 608. Oompanies, 1 608- 1 66^. Royal Government, 1663- 1760. Absolute Government, 1760- 1774. Legislative Council, 1 774-1 791, Constitutional Government, 1791- 1840. the Union, 1840-1867, the Confederation, 1867. Perrot, governor of Montreal, 1664. i :!'^ * \^ m i - ! ~ 124 — Peterborough, diocese, 1882. First bishop, Mgr Jamot, 1882. Second bishop, Mgr Dowh'ng, 1887. Philipsburgh, plundered by the Fenians, 1866. Pie VII, erects Quebec into an archbishopric, 1 8 19. Pidgeon Hill, captured by the Fenians, 1866. Pinsonneault (Mgr A.), first bishop of London, Ontario, 1856. Resigns, 1866. Dead, 1883. Phipps, takes possession of Port-Royal, La Heve, Chedabouctou, and besieges Quebec, 1690, Phelan (Mgr), sacred, 1843. Administrator, 1852. Third bishop of Kingston, 1857. Dead, 1857. Plains of Abraham, victory of the English over the French, 1759. Plattsburg, abandoned by Prevost, 18 14. Plessis (Mgr), eleventh bishop of Quebec, 1806. Appointed archbishop, 18 18. Dead, 1825. Plumb (Hon.), speaker of the Senate, 1887. Pontbriand (Mgr), sixth bishop of Quebec, 1 74 1. Dead, 1760. Pontgrav6, goes as far as Sault St. Lewis, 1603. — 125 -^ Pontiac, Vicariate Apostolic, 1882. Ponthiac, Indian chief, rebels against England, 1765. Portneuf (Rev. J.), curate of St. Joachim, slaughtered by the English together with seven of his parishioners, 1759. Port-Royal, founded, 1606. Destroyed, 1613. Captured by Phipps, 1690. Resists to two attacks in 1704 and 1707. Captured by the English, 1710. Poterie (de la), administrator not acknow- ledged, 1665. Power (Mgr), first bishop of Toronto, 1842. Dead, a victim of his zeal for the typhoids, 1847. Poutrinoourt, founds a colony at Port- Royal, 1606. Pr6cieux-Sanfir (monastery of the), founded at St. Hyacinth, 1863, by Miss Caouette. Prefecture (apostolic), of the gulf of St. Law- rence, 1882. First Prefect, Mgr Bosse, 1882. Presoott (Sir Robert), fourth governor, 1796- 1799. Presqu'ile, fort, 1703. ' |h4 ! I :mi — 12B — Presse (The), founded, 1883. Presentation (fort), erected, 1748-49. Prevost (Sir George), sixth governor, 1811- 181 5. Abandons Pkttsburg, 18 14. Priests, french, emigrate to Canada, 1797. Prince (Mgr), coadjutor to the bishop of Mon- treal, 1844 First bishop of St. Hyacinth, 1852. Dead, i860. Prince Edward (Island), enters into Confe- deration, 1 87 1. Programme (catholic), 1871. Propagation of the Faith, established at Que- bec, 1836. Provencher (Mgr), born at Nicolet, 1787, Priest, 181 1. Vicar Apostolic of North- West, 1822. Titulary bishop of St. Boni- face, 1847. Dead, 1853. Put-in-Bay, victory of the Americans, 18 13. (I 1 '4 Quebec,, founded by deChamplain, 1608. Cap- tured by the Kertk, 1629. Erected into a bishopric, 1674. Besieged by Phipps, 1690. Capitulation, 1763. Erected into an arch- t i — 127 — bishopric, 1818. Erected into an eccle- siastical province, 1844. Conflagration of St. Roch, St. Lewis and St. John suburbs, 1845. Conflagration of the Legislative Palace. 1854. Conflagration of St. Roch and St. Sauveur suburbs, 1866. Capital of the Province of Quebec, 1867. Conflagra- tion of St. Roch's, 1870. Conflagration of the Court House, 1873. Conflagration of the church and part of St. John suburb, 1 88 1. Conflagration of the Parliament Buildings, I'^S^, Quebec Act (the), 1774. Quebec Gazette (The), founded, 1764. Quesnel (Hon.), withdraws from Papineau, 1833-34. Queenstown, defeat of the Americans, 181 2. Victory of the Americans, 18 13. Quitchitchouane, fort, captured by d'Iberville, 1686. R Racine (Mgr A.), first bishop of Sherbrooke, 1874. Appointed Assistant to the Pontifical throne, 1866. :' i 1:' rv 1 — 128 — Racine (Mgr D.), first bishop of Chicoutimi, 1878. Ransonet (abbot), author of a Life of Sister Bourgeoys, 1728. Rasle (R. F.), slaughtered by the English at Narantchouak, 1724. Ramsay (Hon. Justice), founder of the " Lower Canada Jurist and Law Reports," dead, 1886. Raudot, father and son, joint intendants, 1705. Raymond (Mgr J. S.), Vicar General and Pre- late Domestic. Author of many religious, historical and philosophical writings. Born, 1810; dead 3rd July 1887. Reciprocity (commercial), treaty, 1854. Abol- ished, 1866. Recollets (Monks of the order of St. Francis), arrive at Quebec, 161 5. Erect a monastery on the shores of river St. Charles, 1620. Attack of the Iroquois against their con- vent, 162 1. Leave Canada, 1629. Return in Canada, 1670. They erect a convent in Upper Town, 168 1. Conflagration of their church and convent, 1796, Secularisation, 1796. — 129 — Recouvranoe (N. D. of), chapel, 1633. Red River, erected into a Vicariate Apostolic, 1844. Redemptorists (RR. FF.), entrusted with the parochial duties of St. Ann of Beaupre's sanctuary, 1878. Registers, kept at Quebec for the first time, 162 1. Rensalaer (Van), defeated at Queenstown by Sheafife, 18 12. Resolutions (92), 1833-34. R6veil (The), newspaper founded by A. Buies , condemned, 1876. R6veil du Saguenay (The), newspaper, found- ed, 1886. Revolution (American), 1774. Richelieu (de). Chief Justice in Eyre, 1626. Richelieu, fort, erected by Montmagny, 1642. Burnt by the Iroquois, 1647. Richmond (DukeoQ, eighth governor, 1818-19. Riel, interdicts to McDougall th"^ entrance of the North- West, 1869. Chief of the pro- visory g.\^ernment at Fort Garry, 1870. Hanged at Regina, i6th November, ^885. * — 130 — l.'r 11 'H I • If Rimouski, college, 1854. Diocese, 1867. First bishop, Mgr J. Langevin. River-aux-Bceufs, fort, erected in 1753. Roberval (de), viceroy, 1540. Winters in Canada, 1542. Robinson (Hon.), lieutenant-governor of On- tario, 1882. Robitaille (Hon.), fourth lieutenant-governor of Quebec, 1879- 1884. Roche (Marquis de la), obtains privilege of trading, 1598. Rocky-Mountains, discovered by de Varennes, 1743. Rogers (Mgr), first bishop of Chatham, i860. Ross (Hon. J.), speaker of the Legislative Council, 1854. Ross (Hon. J. J.), prime minister, 1884- 1887. Rouill6 (de), fort, erected in 1748-49. Routhier (curate), founder of the convent of Jesus-Marie, at Levis, 1856. Rouville (Hertel de), destroys Deerfield and Haverhill, 1704. Rowand, administrator, 1853. Royal (Hon.), speaker of the Legislative As- sembly of Manitoba, 1871-73. L Royal Institution, i8 Ste. Poye, battle won by Levis, 1760. Monu- ment of the brave, 1863. St. Frederic, fort, 1729. Captured by Mont- gomery, 1775. St. Germain -en- Lays, treaty ; Canada resti- tuted to France, 1632. St. Germain (curate), founder of St. Lawrence College of Montreal, of a brothers' school and a convent, 1847. St. Hyacinth, college, founded by curate Gi- rouard, 181 1. Diocese, 1852. St. Ignace, smallborough destroyed by the Iroquois, 1649. Rt. John the Baptist of Quebec (society, 1 842. St. John, Newfoundland, captured by d'lber- ville, 1696, and by St. Ovide, 1709. St. John (N. B.), erection of the diocese, 1842. St. John (Island), unfruitful attempt of coloni- sation, 17 19. St. John (lake), discovered by R. F. Dequen, 1641. St. John, smallborough destroyed by the Iro- quois, 1649. St. Joseph, patron of Canada, 1624. $' f ! •^^ M.- 4 — 137 — St. Joseph, smallborongh destroyed by the Ircquois, 1648. St. Joseph, ecclesiastical retreat fund for the archdioc-se of Quebec, 1876 St. Lawrence (gulf), Prefecture Apostolic, 1882. St. Lewis, theater of Quebec, burnt, 1846. St. Lewis; smallborough destroyed by the Iro- quois, 1649. St. Mary of Montreal (college), founded by Rev. F. Martin, 1850. St. Mary of Monnoir, college, 1853. St Ovide, takes possession of St. John, New- foundland, 1709. St. Theresa, college, founded by curate Du- charme, 1824. St. Theresa, fort, constructed, 1666. St. Valuer (Mgr de), second bishop of Quebec, 1688. Founds General Hospital of Que- bec, 1693. Founds the Ursulines of Three Rivers, 1697. Prisoner of the English, 1705. Divides his diocese into parishes 1722. Dead at General Hospital 1727. Stisted (Maj. Gen.), lieutenant-governor of Ontario, 1867. ,■■>: ■ \w H. — 138 -- Stuart (Hon.), administrator of the province, 1887. Subercase, repulses three maritime expedi- tions 1704-1707. Abandons Port-Royal to the English, 17 10. Sulpiciaus, arrive at Montreal, 1663. Succeed to the Company of Montreal, 1663. Found Seminary, 1677, and christian schools, 1837. Canadian Seminary at Rome, 1886. Supreme Court, 1875. Sweeny (Mgr), third bishop of St. John, New- Brunswick, i860. Syndicate (financial) of Laval University, 1887. ^ fit • i: U 7!, n.-- U!i Mil I Tache (Mgr A.), coadjutor of Mgr Provancher, 185 1. Titulary bishop of St. Boniface, 1853. First archbishop, 1871. Taohe (Sir E. P.), speaker of the Legislative Council, 1856. Taoh6-McDonald, prime ministers, 1856. Tach6-]y[cDonald, prime ministers, 1864. Talon, intendant, 1665 and 1670. Takes pos- sesion of the Western Territories, 167 1. Returns to France, 1672. i 4^ i — 1P>0 — Taschereau (Hon.), imprisoned, 1809. Taschereau (Cardinal), sixteenth bishop of Quebec, 1871. Founds the Hospital of the Sacred Heart, 1873. Created Cardinal, 1886. Tenure Seigniorial, abolition of, 1854. Terrebonne, college, founded by Madam Mas- son, 1847. Tessier (Hon. U.), speaker of the Legislative Council, 1863. Test (oath of), exacted, 1763. Themines, King's lieutenant, i6i6, Thompson (Hon.), or Lord Sydenham, four- teenth governor, 1839-1841. Toronto, victory of the Americans, 18 13. Uni- versity, 1827. Erection of diocese, 1841. Basilians' College, 1849. Capital, 1849. Archdiocese, 1870. Tour (abbot de la), author of a ♦' History of Hotel-Dieu, and Memoirs on the life of Mgr de Laval," 1741. Tracy (Marquis de), viceroy, 1665. Fruitful expedition against the Agniers, 1666. Re- turns to France, 1667. ■? I 140 I? 'li^ . I' •If ' I li i, f Tremblay (abbot G.), apostle of cole :ion. Dead, 1885. Trent (affair of), 1861. Three Rivers, founded by de la Violette, 1634. Treaty of peace between the French and the Indians, 1645. Captured by Montgo- mery, 1775. Diocese, 1852. College, 1866. Turcotte (L. P.), author of '' Canada sous rUnion," and *' History of Island of Or- leans." Dead, 1878. Turcotte (Hon. J. E.), speaker of the Legisla- tive Assembly, 1861. Turcotte (Hon. A.), speaker of the Legislative Assembly, 1878. Turgeon (Mgr), fourteenth bishop of Quebec, 1850. Founds the Sisters of Charity's almshouse, at Quebee, 1848. Dead, 1867. U Union Act (the), 1841. United States (independence of), proclama- tion, 1776. War with Canada, 18 12. University, Laval, founded, 1852. Canonical erection, 1876. Branch at Montreal, 1876. Ursulines of Quebec, founded by Madarxi de la Peltrie, 1639. Burnt, 1650 and 1686. ^ - 141 — tJrsulines of Three Rivers, founded by Ucrt de St. Vallier, 1697. Burnt, 1752 and 1806. Utrecht, treaty, Hudson's Bay, Newfoundland and Acadia, are ceded to TLngland, 1713. V Vancouver, diocese, 1847. Vancouver (town), burnt, 1886. Varennes (de), defeats Schuyler at Prairie dc la Magdeleine, 1691. Varennes (de), discovers Rocky Mountains, 1743. Vaudreuil (de), fourteenth governor, 1703- 1725. Dead, 1725. Vaudreuil-Oavagnal (de), eighteenth govern- o»*' 1755-1760. Veatadour, viceroy, 1625. Verazzani (John), visits the coasts of the United States and Maritime Provinces, 1623. Verch^res (Madame de), distinguishes herself during the siege of Quebec, 1690. V6rit6 (the), newspaper, founded by J. P. Tar- divel, 1 88 1. — 142 — I ii IS hi ■'■:'i 'If Versailles treaty of, acknowledges the inde- pendence of the United States, 1783. Vicariate Apostolio, of Canada, 1658; of St. John, Nevvioundland, 1791 ; of Nova Sco- tia, 1817; of Red River, 1844; of British Collimbia, 1863; of Pontiac, i88z; of Athabaska-McKenzie. 1862. Victoria, Queen of England, 1837. Victoria, capital of Ikitish Columbia. Victoria (bridge), inaugurated, i860. Viger (James), professor of archaiology. Viger (Hon. D. B.), the father of the Canadian press. Dead, 1861. Villiers (de), defeats the English at Grand-Pre, 1747. Victory near fort Necessite, 1754. Vincelette (C), first president of the Catholic Circle of Quebec. Vinet (Mgr), founder of the convent of the Sa- cred-Heart, at SauIt-au-Recollet, 1858. Violette (de la), founds Three Rivers, 1634. W Wales (Prince of), visits Canada, i860. Walbridge (Hon.) speaker of the Legislative Assembly, 1863. V I '■*^» '- 143 — Walker, admiral, is wrecked at Eggs' Island, 1711. Washington, erects fort Necessity, 1754. Washington, treaty between England and the United States, 1871. Abolished, 1885. Walsh (Mgr J.), second bishop of London, 1867. Walsh (Mgr), third Vicar Apostolic of Nova* Scotia. First bishop of Halifax, 1842. Archbishop, 1852. Dead, 1858. Wetmore (Hon.), prime minister of New- Brunswick, 1867. William IV, King of England, 1830- 1837. William Henry, fort, captured by Montcalm, 1757. Wilmot (Hon.), lieutenant governor of New- Brunswick, 1869. Winnipeg, capital of Manitoba, 1870. Wolfe (General), dead after having defeated Montcalm on the Plains of Abraham, 1759. YouviUe (Madame d'), founds the General Hospital of Montreal, 1747. > if Vt Vi - 144 - z aouaveMOanaaian Pontifloal). Departure he first detachment for Rome, ,868. R, turn, 1870. V V V V V ft I I^cparturc of "c, 1868. Re.