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LABORATORY
or THE
INLAND REVENUE DEPARTMENT
OTTAWA, CANADA
BULLETIN No. 393
SODIUM PHOSPHATE
36262—1
NOTES AXn COMMENTS.
Under this }!.':i(liii>r, as oi-.-iirtion nrir^os, the Bulletins issued by this Department
will contain, a;- an apix iidix, s . comment as may h.-cin nei-ensary or advisable upon
matters relating to the work of the Department in connei'tion with the administration
of the AdulU-ratioii Act, the Fertilizers Act, the Fee Act or the Proprietar>-
Medicines Act.
It fr.<|uetitl.v happens that correspondents asik information regarding the above
Acts, of .-ucii nature that the matter in (luestion jtosseggos general interest, and
comment upt.n it w.uil.l prove aoceptabJe and useful to others than thi- immediufe
iluestioiKT. In such cases the reply may find a place in these columns. For con-
venience of reference these notes will be nunihend in series.
A. McGILL,
Chief Analyst.
LABORATORY
OK THK
INLAND REVENUE DEPARTMENT
OTTAWA, CANADA
BULLETIN No. 393
SODIUM PHOSPHATE
J. U. Vincent. Esq.. K.C.. B.A.. L.Ph..
Deputy Minister of Inland Revenue.
Ottawa, February 27, 1919.
Sir,— I bep to hand
ilium Phosphate.
you n rcixirt upon Sodium Phosphate, and Effervescent
Sodium Phosiihate, otherwise knuwn as *Wu F/ios-ji/mji or Di-sodium Hydrogen
l'huarent, oolourless, rhombic prisms, effliorescent.
T;istc saline. Soluble in 7 parts of water, the solution being slifrhtly alkaline to litmus.
\ iclds the reactions chnracteri*' ■ of .. -idium and of phosphates. Five grammes dis-
-nlvid in 50 millilitres of wa* r ., ' - ntutralization not less than 13-9 millilitres
It X 1 solution of sulphuric ^ » n of methyl orange being used as indicator.
Vii'lds no characteristic read.. ^A^tassinm, ammonium, carbonates, or chlorides,
ii.il not more than the slighte t ii... rioii for sulphates. Lead limit 5 parts per million.
Ar-iiiic limit 5 parts per milln., i.
In the present report, this article is represented b.v 144 samples.
Xon-effloresci>d crystals of sodium phosphate contain ()0-33 per cent of water, and
Wi-"'-) jier cent of phosphoric acid (stated as phosphoric anhydride, PjOs.)
The salt is highly efflorescent (i.e. loses water of crystallization in contflct with
nil) iitul in Consequence of this fact, its content in water is decreased and its content
'•! |i!msphoric acid is proportionall.v augmented on prolonged keeping, unless proper
iiri .Mutions are taken. Thus, the loss of 5 per cent of water would cause the phos-
l>'niiric acid content to be raised to 20 -r) per cent nearly: while loss of 10 per cent water
w 'uld raise the phosphoric content to 21 •! \fvr cent. B.v artificial drying to loss of 50
1" r cent of its water of crystallization, the phosphoric acid content is raised to 2^*-4
)N r cent, and it is quite apparent that many of the samples herein r^'ported have been
ill— icated so as to cause the loss of even ninre than 50 per cent of normal water of
irv-tallization.
In the noanufacture of effervescent sodium phosphate it isi necessary to dry the
>'(liuni phnsiihatc; and the pharmacopoeia prescribes drying to the loss of about tlO
p' r cent of the weight of the s.qlt. This treatment renders it practically anhydrous;
:i!ul its phosphoric acid content would then l)e raised to 50 per cent by weight.
3(5202— li
m
V.y .•..iitimi.Ml ('.\|ii)siirc to the nir. at crdiimr.v tcmiMTiifuro*. d sodium
phoxplmlf U ..liil t,, |,w tivi' (lut of iti iioriiuil twrlvc iniilfciilfH of wnt- r of cr.v-talli-
Ziitioii. This wi.til.l n-^iilt in n Hiilt (•oiit;iiiiiiitf l'C, , |>cr ■•cut of |)Ii(wi>horip arul I„
all •.UMiplct «linttiiitf II liiali.r iHTri'nta(.'c tlinii M :,, it is probuMi' tliut thrsc Imvc hiin
iiitciitioiiiill.v ^uiijcctcd to di-ssicntion, .,r Imvc Imtii for ii Itnn time ki'i)t in iiii abnor-
ninlly drv iitiiiosiiliiTr.
The r<'siilt of dc.-i.'iitiuh in to iiiiiki' tlic sodiuiii |>lio->|>liiiti ntfut niori! tlwn lOtl
piT ci'nt whi'u (MJculiitcd from tin- i>hos|ilinr; • iicid fi.uiid. Tlii' luimlxT thus ohtiiiniMl
lijis liowi'viT. a imictii m1 value; and slioidci ho known to thi> physician, if rcsfnrd is t.i
be hud to tli.' (lu.mtify i>rc's«-rilM,d. Thus it a proiTipthin oalliuK for Hut parts of
sodium pli<.>i)hati- i- tilhd i)y a partially drii-d salt containing L'ttj ix-r cent of jdios-
phoric acid, the patient rci'cives about one-thinl more of the druir than the physirian
directi-d. It will be seen, from the table, that a larRc number of thes<> samples are sii
abnormal, that a tiiven wci^lit of them <-orresponds to much more than the same weisrht
of sodinm phospliate; in a few i'ascs to nearly double that weight.
Sodium pho>pliate i.s prepared by tiic interaction .if acid calcium phosphate with
sodium carbonate. Tiie acid cab'ium phos|)hate is it.clf prepared by trcatinir a
neutral calcium phoj-phate with sul|ihuric acid. It is well known that much of the
sulphuric acid of commerce contains arsenic, derived from the raw material (pyrites)
employed in its manufacture. In conseiiucn.'e of this fuct. arsenic is frehate manufactured from an acid
calcium phosphate of such character.
Of 144 samples of sodium phivsphatc herein reported (Table I), 64 samples are
found to contain no arsenic, or only ncRlisrible traces. .Sixty-eijrht samples contain
amounts not exceeding .'> i«arts per million, while 12 samples contain above .'> parts ik'I
million, the highest amount found beiiij? :>.5 parts.
Kffervfsri'nt Sodium Vliosjihali' (Sodii Phosi)has Kffer\-escens) is a mixture ol
Kidium phosphate with sodinm bi-carbonate and citric and tartaric acids. It is, in
effe*'t, a eonveuiont mode of adniinisterin;? sodium phosphate; and contains about ont
third of its weitrht of this salt. The us\ial dose is about double that for .sodium phn-
phate.
One hundred and sixty-nine (If!!)) .samples of this article are reported in Tablt
II. So far as ars<'nic is concerned, they show as follows: —
Samples.
No arsenic or trai'es onl.v 74
Less than ,) |>arts jn^r million 94
More than .'> parts iht million 1
169
It is evident, however, that tlu'se sami>les are chiefly made from so' im phosphate
containing more or less arsenic, and the explanation of a better showui;? is the f.uM
that only about one-third of the weight of the article consists of sodium phosphate.
,1..
A 0^ ,.l,n.hl. d..vmtH,n fr.,.a ,1... ,.|,.rn>« .v..l f„rmul„ i, oh,erT.U i„ mnny of
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COliRECTIOS.
Bulletin Xo. ,182 pnjro fi, suniple Lininuni of Cnmphor No. 7(5626, under Remarks
and Opinion of tlie Chiof Analyst sliould appear the following: "Genuine as to
camphor eonU'nt, but made with olive oil which contains cotton seed oil."