Eiie i9i0tort) (f'/lyni Andrttlboj^f^lhi )FalU MAP OP PLYMOUTH'S PATKNT OF TEBIUTORYON THE KEKNEBKCK.TO ACCOMPANY M« DRAKE'S ADDITIOHS TO aWUM'S MKMOm Or NKWPnWilIOUTH .FROM AN iMGRAVINO 1158. wioani ft unrr.u school nroM.Boaton.iM*. if I i PREFATORY NOIK. T was not anticipated, when the I^'irst Part of these " KNTi':in'AiNiN(; Passagics" was issued, in the summer of 1865, that so lonuj a period would ehipse before the puhHeation of the Second Part, relatin*^ to the later Eastern Kxpedi- tions. But various labors and en«j^a<;ements have neces- sarily delayed the proi^^rcss and completion of the work, both of editinj^" and printin<»;, until the present time. It is hoped that the kind welcome accorded to the portion relating to Philip's War may not be withheld Irom this completini-- glance at the later Indian warfjire, which engaged the prowess, if it did not materially augment the fame, of the brave man iVom whose later reminis- cences the story was set down. The endeavor has been constantly in mind to make this a fit companion volume for the First Part, — in careful- ness and abundance of illustration, in cxa6t accuracy of reprint, and in all general features. vii I'K I-: I' A roK Y N'o'ii:. TIk" map is a "True L'oppy Iroin an Ancient IMan of K. I Iiitcliinson Ks([. iV:c. iVc," wliicli was reproduced t'roni an en<;ravin^ of 175.^, to acconijiany Mr. S. (i. Drake's late edition ot' liayiies's " Historical Memoir of the Colony of New Plymoutli"; and lias been kindly <,n*anted lor use by that ^^entlcman, — for whose varied courtesies in the preparation of these reprints their editor desires here to express his gratitude. In addition to acknowledu^ments already tendered, it is due also that thankl'ul mention should here be made of the kindness of Dr. A. O. Wn.HOK, of ]?oston, and Mr. A. E. CuTTiiR, of Charlestown, for the lo.'ui of copies of the rare lirst edition, to aid the accuracy of the work of revision. M. M. 1). IIlLLSIUK. KOXIIUKY, I. Ii April. 1867. VIM I IISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. I HEN the murder of Sassanioiiy in the winter of 167?,, led to the breakln<,'-out of "Philip's War," Plymouth had been settled fifty-four years; Dover, fifty-one; Boston, forty-four; Wethersfield, forty; Providence, thirty-ei«^ht; and Kittery, twenty-seven. There appear to have been then, within the boundaries of what is now Maine, thirteen towns and plantations;* within what is now New Hampshire, f four ; within what vj> now Massachusetts, sixty - four ; J * Kittery; York; Wells; Cape Por- poise; Saco; Scarborough; Falmouth; Pcjepscot; tiic plantations on the Sag- adahoc and Kennebec ; ihecpscot and Capcnewagen ; Dainariscotta ; Pema- quid ; Monhcgan, with Gorges Islands and the opposite settlements upon the mainland. t Dover, Portsmouth, Exeter, Hamp- ton. X Plymouth, Salem, Charlestown, Boston, Dorchester, Roxbury, Water- town, Medford, Cambridge, Ipswich, Newbury, Springfield, Concord, Wey- mouth, Dcdham, Braintrec. Lynn, Hingham, Scituate, Duxbury, Barn- stable, Sandwich, Yarmouth, Glouces- ter, Rowley, Salisbury, Sudbury, Wo- burn, Reading, Eastham, Taunton, Marshfield, Iluverhill, Wenham, An- dover, Hull, Bridgewater, Manchester, Rehoboth,Marblchead, Middleborough, RIcdfield, Topsfield, Maiden, North- ampton, Chelmsford, Billcrica, Groton, IX HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. within what is now Rhode Island, six;* within what is now Conne6ticut, twenty-three, f Vermont, as yet, was not. It is probable that the entire population of New England at this time, excluding Indians, was not far from eighty thousand.J The best computation suggests, on the same territory, at the same time, not far from 10,500 Indians, distributed among the tribes as follows : — Pequots 1,200 Narragansetts 4,000 Pokanokcts, Nausets, &c 700 Massachusetts 1,200 Pautuckets 1,000 Nipmuks 2,400 10,500 When the war broke out, Josias Winslow was Governor of Plymouth Colony — where William Bradford had been dead seventeen years; Miles Standish, eighteen; Edward Winslow, nineteen; and William Brewster, thirty; and where John Rowland had been dead scarcely one year. Marlborough, Hadley, Hatfield, Dart- New Haven, Guilford, Saybrook, Mil- mouth, Swansea, Amesbury, Beverly, ford, Fairfield, Stratford, Greenwich, Milton, Wrentham, Lancaster, Meudon, Stamford, Branford, Farmington, New Deerfield, Brookfield, Sherborn, Edgar- London, Simsbury, Middleton, Nor- town, and Tisbury. walk, Stonington, Norwich, Killing- ♦ Providence, Newport, Portsmouth, worth, Lyme, Hnddam, and Walling- Warwick, Westerly, and New Shore- ford, ham (Block Island). X See estimate of 78, 416 in Coil. Am. t Wethersfield, Hartford, Windsor, S^aiis. Assoc, i: i^i. .X HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. Indeed, of that one-half of the Mayflower's company (fifty) who survived the first yerr of the settlement, at least thirteen were still in the land of the living, though not all still within the limits of the Old Colony. George Soule and John Alden, in a hale old age, resided at Dux- bury; and Susannah White — who had enjoyed the singu- lar honor of being first the first mother in the new Colony, and then the first bride — was keeping still the house at Careswell, which her second husband, the honored Gov. Edward Winslow, had left to her possession. These three were already adults when they first saw the New World. And, of the children who romped along the Mayflower's decks, there were still living Resolved White, who seems now to have been a resident of Salem; Giles and Con- stantia Hopkins, both at Eastham, — the latter the widow of Nicholas Snow; Henry Sampson, of Duxbury; Joseph Rogers, of Eastham; Samuel Fuller, of Barnstable; Sam- uel Eaton, of Middleborough ; (Rev.) John Cooke, of Dartmouth; Mary Allerlon, — who was destined to be the last survivor of the Mayflower company, dying in 1699, set. 89, — who still lived at Plymouth with her venerable and excellent husband. Elder Thomas Cushman, who came in the "Fortune," 1621; and Mary Chilton, now the recent widow of John Winslow, of Boston. Nathaniel Morton, who, five years before, had published his New- England^ s Memorially was still Secretary of the Colony. xi HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. In Massachusetts, John Leverett was Governor, and Edward Rawson, Secretary. Here Winthrop and Shep- ard had been dead twenty-iive years; John Cotton, twen- ty-two ; Dudley, twenty-one; Saltonstall, sixteen; John Norton, eleven; Richard Mather, five; John Allin, three; and John Davenport and Charles Chauncy, two; and here Thomas Cobbett still lived at the age of sixty-six, John Eliot at seventy, and Simon Bradstreet at seventy-seven. William Coddington was Governor, and John Sanford Recorder, of the " Providence Plantations," where Roger Williams was still hale and hearty (and ready to earn a new title as '' Captain " in this war) at the age of seventy- five; and William Blaxton was very soon to be carried from his dreams among his folios to his rest on the banks of that beautiful river, which bears his name as it ripples by his grave. John Winthrop (son of Gov. John of Massachusetts) was Governor of the now united Colonies of Conne6ticut and New Haven; where Samuel Eaton had been dead thirty-' -/o years; Thomas Hooker, twenty-seven; Theophilus Eaton, seventeen; Samuel Stone, eleven; and John Warham, four. The settlements in what is now Maine had at this time but a single Congregational Church. In what is now New Hampshire, there were three.* In what is now Vermont, * One had been gathered at Exeter and no record exists of the formation in 1638, but it became extindt in 1641 ; of another until 1698. xii HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. there was none. In Massachusetts, there were fifty-seven. In Rhode Island, there was none. In Conne6licut, there were twenty-one. These, with their pastors, — so far as known, — at the breaking-out of the war, were the following; arranged in the order of their formation : — Plymouth (1620) John Cotton, Jr. Salem (1629) John Higginson. Boston, First Church (1630) . . . . James Allen. Windsor (1630) Nathaniel Chaunccy. Watertown (1630) John Sherman. _ , , ^ . 4 John Eliot. Roxbury (,632) { Samuel Danforth. Lynn (1632) Samuel Whiting. Duxbury (1632) John Holmes. Marshfield (1632) Samuel Arnold. Charlestown (1632) Thomas Shcpard. Hartford (1633) Josejih Haynes. Ipswich (1634) Thomas Cobbet. Newbury (1635) Thomas Parker, Hingham (1635) Peter Hobart. Weymouth (1635) Samuel Torrey. Cambridge (1636) Urian Oakes. r-, , , ^ ^^ ( Edward Bulkley. Concord (1636) < ^ , ^ , ■', ^ ^ ' \ Joseph Estabrook. Dorchester (1636) Josiah Flint. Springfield (1637) Pelatiah Glover. Taunton (1637) George Shove. Sandwich (1638) John Smith. Hampton (1638) Seaborn Cotton. Dover (1638) John Reyner, Jr. xut HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. Salisbury (1638) Jo^n Wheelwright. Dcdham (1638) ......... William Adams. Qiiincy (1639) Moses Fiske. New Haven (1639) Nicholas Street. Milford (1639) Roger Newton. Barnstable (1639) Thomas Walley. Scituate (1639) Nicholas Baker. Rowley (1639) Samuel Phillips. Sudbury (1640) Edmund Browne. Stratford (1640) No pastor. Edgartown (1641) No pastor. Stamford (1641) Eliphalet[?] Jones. Wethersfield (1641) Gershom Bulkley. Woburn (1642) Thomas Carter. Gloucester (1642) John Emerson. Scituate, Second Church (1642) . . William Witherell. Guilford (1643) Joseph Eliot. Hull (1644) Zechariah Whitman. Rehoboth (1644) Noah Newman. Haverhill (1645) John Ward. Andover, North (1645) Francis Dane. Reading, South (1645) John Brock. ( William Perkins. Topsfield (.645) i Jeremiah Hobart. Manchester (1645) No pastor. Eastham (1646 ) Samuel Treat. Branford (1647) ........ John Bowers. Saybrook (1646) Thomas Buckingham. Maiden (1649) Michael Wigglesworth. Fairfield (1650) Samuel Wakeman. New London (1650) Simon Bradstreet. Boston, Old North (1650) .... Increase Mather. Medfield (1651) John Wilson. xiv HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. Nonvalk (1652) Thomas Ilatiford. Farmin{Tton (1652) Samuel Hooker. Chelmsford (1655) John Fiskc. Beverly (1657) John Hale. Hadley (1659) John Russell. Lancaster (1660) Joseph Rovvlandson. Norwich (1660) James Fitch. Northampton (1661) Solomon Stoddard. Billerica (1663) Samuel Whiting. Wenham (1663) No pastor. Bridgewater, West (1664) .... James Keith. Groton (1664) Samuel Willard. Newton, Center (1664) Nehemiah Hobart. Marlborough (1666) William Brimsmead. Killingworth (1667) John Woodbridge. Mendon (1667) Joseph Emerson. Amesbury (166S) Thomas Wells. Middletown (1668) Nathaniel Collins. Boston, Old South (1669) Thomas Thatcher. Hartford, Second (1669) Joseph Hayncs. Windsor, Second (1669) Benjamin Woodbridge. Woodbury (1670) Zechariah Walker. Greenwich (1670) No pastor. Hatfield (1670) Hope Atherton. Portsmouth (167 1 ) Joshua Moody. « Tisbury (1673) John Mayhew. York (1673) Shubael Dummer. Besides these eighty -two regular Congregational churches, there were six or seven Indian missionary ^hurches; five Baptist churches — one founded at Reho- both (Swansey) in 1663, one at Boston in 1665, and three in Rhode Island: — the First Providence (1639), the First XV HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. Newport (1644), and the Second Newport (1656); — a society of Friends, which had been formed at Newport in 1656-7; and a church of Seventh-day Baptists, formed at Newport in December, 1671. We have seen that the estimated number of Indians on the territory of New England at this time, was between ten and eleven thousand. Of these, about four thousand were then reckoned as " Praying Indians," and seem to have been •'von to some comprehension and pra6ticc of Christianity. According to Gookin, whose " Historical Colle6tions of the Indians in New-England " bears date 7th Dec, 1674,* just before the breaking-out of Philip'? War, these were, in large part, distributed as follows, viz: — Notiautum (Natick) 145 P««/- K I c A L IN T u o I) i; c no n. turbancc, on which he had kept a tight rein, and which others had repressed throiigli respcft Tor liim, niiglit liiul development. So a message was sent to Alexander to come to Plymouth, and talk over affairs. lie ignored the invitation. As the Court had broached the subjec^t, tliey felt that the general safety recpiired that their summons should not be disregarded in that way; so they sent an armed party, under Majors Winslow and Bradford, to find and bring him. They found him not far otf, at Monpousct (in Halifax), and then, *' freely and readily, without the least hesitancy,"* he went with them. He told them that he had intended to come when first invited, but wanted to delay long enough to consult Mr. Willett, in whom he had confidence. Hubbard's story f is, that when he had been dismissed on the promise to send his son as a hos- tage, he was so enraged at the indignities put upon him, that he fell into a fever, of which he died before he got half-way home. And out of this statement has grown the general representation, that his ill-treatment at the hands of the English was the means of his death, and was laid up as one f»rominent cause of the war, twelve years later. But the letter of Rev. John Cotton to In- crease Mather, — which Judge Davis prints in the appen- dix of the Memorial, and which has every element of trustworthiness, — from the di6tation of Major Bradford, * Davis's Morton*s Memorial, 426. t Narrative, 9. xxi II I S TO K IC A L IN T I< () I) U CT I O N. one of tlic chief aftors, and a most competent witness, desiring expressly to corre(!'t Hubbard, puts an entirely different constriK^tion upon the event, and one intrinsi- cally much more in harmony with tlie probabilities of the case. Mr. Cotton says, — *' Ht'ports hc'mj; here, that Alcxaiuler wuh plotting or privy to ph)t» n^aiiisl tho Kti};liHh, authority Hcnt to him to conic down. IIi> cumo not. VV hereupon Maj. VViMsh)\v was sent to fetch him. Maj. IliiuU'ord with some others went with him. At A/uf/fxtf/sc^ river (a place not many miles henee) they foimd Ak'xancU'r with about eight men and HUiuIry stpiaws. He was thi-re about jjettinjj canoes. lie and Ins men wore at bn'aktast under their shelter, their jjuns bein^; without. They saw the Knj^lish cominjj, but continued catijij; : and Mr. VV'inslow telling their business, Alexander, freely and readily, without the least hesitancy, consented to go, giving his reason why he came not to tlu; Court before ; vi/., because he waited tor Capt:iin Willet's return from the Dutch, being desirous to speak with him first. They brought him to Mr. Collier's, that day, and (Jovernour l*rincc living remote, at East- ham, those few magistrates, who were at hand, issued the matter peace- ably, and immediately dismissed Alexander to return home, which he did, part of the way : but in two or three days after, he returned and went to Maj. Winslow's house, intending thence to travel into the Hay and so home ; but at the Major's house he was taken very sick, and was, by water, conveyed to Mr. Bradford's, and thence carried upon the shoulders of his men to Tetehquet river,* and thence, in canoes, home, and about two or three days after died." Upon his decease, his brother Philip [Pometaconi] reigned in his stead. One of Philip's first a6ts was to renew the ancient covenant between his father and the * TUicuti or Taunton Great River, xxii HISTORICAL INTHOPUCTION. colonists ; ami live years passed (luietly away, when a vnpuc charge was made against him of being willing to plot with the French or Dutch against the English. 'I'his he denounced as a calumny of Ninii^rct of Miantic^ and the matter suhsideil. After Jiearly four years more, another rumor of his treachery gained so much ground as to demand investigation, and awaken solicitude at both Plymouth and Boston. An investigation revealed proofs of bad faith on his part ; and a bad spirit was clearly manifested by him, when (juestioned concerning them. Hut this matter was hnally issued in his renewed engage- ments of fc'dty. Three years passed again, when the Governor of Plymouth was informed by Sassamon — a "praying" Indian, who had been schoolmaster at Natick, and who, being able to write as well as read, had some- times served Philip with his pen, — that there were sus- picious circumstances in Philip's camp, which gave color to the rumor that he was endeavoring to excite other sachems to war. This information was given under a demanded pledge of secrecy, as Sassamon said that Philip's Indians would kill him if they suspe6led him as its source. It somehow leaked out to Philip's car, that the Governor of Plymouth had heard something to his disadvantage, and would send for him to come to the next Court to explain it. He therefore resolved to anticipate the matter by going without summons. He went to Ply- xxiii HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. mouth, accordingly, and saw the Assistants, — the Court not yet being in session, — and protested his innocence. They were not satisfied ; but hoped that he would be led to desist by his knowledge of their discovery of his plans, and so dismissed him in a friendly manner, with a warn- ing, that, should further evidence come up, they should be obliged to demand his arms for safe keeping. Philip went back to Mount Hope ; and, a few days after, Sassamon was missing. On search, his hat and gun were found on the ice of Assawompset Pond, in Mid- dleborough, and his body under the ice. It was dragged out, and buried ; and afterwards exhumed and examined, when marks of violence indicating murder, and not acci- dental drowning, became manifest. Three Indians were soon arrested on suspicion, and tried by a jury, to which six grave friend Indians were added, to insure fairness in the verdict. An Indian came forward and testified, that, by accident, from the top of a hill, he had witnessed the scene, and that Sassamon had been murdered by these prisoners. One of the prisoners subsequently confessed that he had stood by while the others did the deed. The jury convi6ted and sentenced the murderers, the Indians concurring; whereupon two were hanged, and the third, after a respite of two or three weeks, was shot. This seems immediately to have promoted the out- break, which took place with very litUe delay; the first xxiv HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. English blood being shed on or about the 24th June, 1675* It has been usual to pi6ture Philip as a great king, a sagacious warrior, and a far-sighted patriot; and to repre- sent him as having been for years engaged in planning and perfecting a comprehensive conspiracy among all the Indian tribes on the New-England territory — and even upon that of New York — for the purpose of sweeping away, by one concerted blow, the hated white usurper, and of recovering to their own savage uses the whole of their ancient hunting-grounds. It has been usual to apolo- gize for the ill success of the a6tual strife, by asserting that it was so hurried up by the death of Sassamon, that the first blow was struck before due preparations to follow it up could be completed. Dr. Palfrey has shown, one would think to the general conviction, that there is a very small foundation of truth indeed on which to build this majestic, one might almost say magnificent, superstructure. He has shown that the English had used Philip habitually well ; that he had no real grounds of complaint against them ; that his frequent sales of land to them implies no unwillingness that they should have his hunting-grounds if they would pay for them, as they did ; that he gave no indications of great- ness, whether in council or conflict ; that there is no proof * See Part I. p, i8. D XXV HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. that he direftcd or approved those hostilities about Mount Hope with which the war began; that his movements im- mediately after indicated a much keener anxiety for his own personal safety than for the extin6tion of the colonists; that there is nothing to show that he direfted the out- breaks which followed, and no evidence that he was per- sonally present and adlive in any particular fight ; that there was no manifestation of savage wisdom on the part of anybody in the management of the war; that attacks upon particular, much -exposed localities were delayed for weeks and months, which, if any such general conspi- racy existed as has been claimed, it is incredible should not have been simultaneous, or nearly so, when they would have been overwhelming; that, instead of hastening to join his waning fortunes with the Eastern Indians, when misfortune pressed him in his ancient haunts, — as he could have done in two days' easy march, — Philip retreated to the den whence he had originally gone forth, and there was shot ingloriously, while, unattended, he was attempting to run away; and that the war was waged at the Eastward, after his death, with more vigor than during his life, fo^ nearly two whole years. In short. Dr. Palfrey makes it out, — and, as it would seem, on the best evidence, — that, instead of being a far-reaching, well-organized campaign, what we commonly call "Philip's War" was merely a succession of unconsidered and indiscriminate murders xxvi HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. and pillages, taken up by one body of savages after another, as the intelligcnee of the attra6tive example of others reached them; and rightfully conne6ted with his name mainly as having been led off by those bands who centred around Sowams, and over whom he had partial control.* The cotemporaneous records do certainly bear out this general judgment. There is a tradition mentioned by Callender, f as derived both from the white settlers in the vicinity of Mount Hope and from those Indians who survived the struggle, that Philip and his elder chiefs were utterly averse to the war. Increase Mather never seems to have heard of the all-embracing conspiracy, or of Philip's great statesmanship. Even Cotton Mather — much as one would think he would have enjoyed it — never mentions either. Hubbard is the only early writer who says any thing on which the popular judgment could be based. He does say that Philip had been "plotting with all the In- dians round about," &c. ; but he gives only vague rumor from some prisoners, as his authority, and does not seem himself to have attributed to his own words the impor- tance even which they might naturally convey. Easton — it is difficult to decide how much of accuracy and weight is to be attributed to the testimony lately pub- lished in his name — gives the following account of an * Hist. New England, iii : 223-229. f ^•-/. Hist. Coll. iv : 126. XXV ii HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. interview which he asserts to have been held between Philip and some Rhode-Islanders just before the outbreak. He says:* — "[Philip] came himfelf unarmed, and about 40 of his Men armed. Then 5 of us went over [Trip's Ferry], 3 wear Magiflratcs. We fate veri friendly together. We told him our bifnes was to indever that they might not refcue or do Rong. They faid that was well ;• they had dun no Rong, the Englifli rouged them. We faid we knew the Englifli faid the Indians rouged them, and the Indians faid the Englifh rouged Ihem, but our Desier was the Qiiarrell might rightly be defided, in the beft Way, and not as Dogs defidcd their Qiiarrells. The Indians owned yf fighting was the worfl Way ; then they propounded how Right might take Plaee. We faid by Arbitration. They faid that rdl Englifh agreed againfl them, and so by Arbitration they had had much Rong ; mani Miles fquare of Land fo taken from them, for Englifh would have Englifh Arbitrators ; and once they were perfuaded to give in their Arms y! thereby Jealoufy might be removed, and the Englifh having their Arms wold not deliver them as they had promifed, untill they confented to pay a 100^, and now they had not fo much fum or muny ; y* thay wear as good be kiled as leave all ther Liueflyhode. " We faid they might chufe a Indian King, and the Englifh might chufe the Governor of New Yorke, yJ nether had cafe to fay either wear Parties in the Diferance. They faid they had not heard of y? Way, and faid we oneflly fpoke, fo we wear perfwaided if y' Way had bine tendered they would have acsepted. We did endeavor not to hear their Complaints, faid it was not convenient for us now to confider of, but to indever to prevent War ; faid to them when in War againfl Eng- lifh, Blood was fpilt, y* ingaged all Englishmen, for we wear to be all under one King ; we knew what their Complaints wold be, and in our Colony had removed some of them in fending for Indian Rulers in what the Crime concerned Indians Lives, which they veri lovingly * A Relation of the Indyan Warr, by Mr. Easton, &c., pp. 7-16. xxviii HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. acscptcd, and agreed with us to their Execution, and faid fo they were ahell to fatiffie their Subje(5ts when they knew an Indian fufcred duly, l)ut laid in what was only between their Indians and not in Townelhipes, y! we had purchafed, they wold not have us profecute, and yf they had a great Fear to have ani of ther Indians (luild be caled or forced to be Chridian Indians. Thay faid yJ fuch wcr in evcri thing more mif- chievous, only Diffemblers, and then the Englifli made them not fub- j"e<5l to ther Kings, and by their lying to rong ther Kings. We knew it to be true, and we promifmg them y! however in Government to Indians all fliould be alike, and y' we knew it was our King's will it fhould be so, y' altho we wear weaker than other Colonics, they having fubmitted to our King to prote6l them, others dai'ed not otherwife to moled them ; exprefled thay took that to be well, that we had littell Cafe to doute, but that to us under the King thay would have yielded to our Deter- minations in what ani lliould have complained to us againll them. " But Philip charged it to be difoneflly in us to put of the Hering to iuft Complaints, therefore we confented to hear them. They faid thay had bine the firft in doing Good to the Englifli, and the Englifli the firft: in doing Rong ; faid when the Englifli firft came, the King's Father was as a great Man, and the English as a littell Child ; he conftrained other Indians from rouging the ICnglifli, and gave them Corn and shewed them how to plant, and was free to do them ani Good, and had let them have a lOO Times more Land than now the King had for his own Peopell. But ther Kings Brother, when he was King, came mifer- ably to dy by being forced to Court, as they iudge poyfoned. And another Greavance was if 20 of there oneft Indians teftified that a Englifliman had dun them Rong, it was as nothing ; and if but one of their worft Indians teftified againft any Indian or ther King, when it pleefed the Englifli it was fufitiant. Another Grievance was, when their King fold Land, the Englifli wold fay, it was more than they agreed to, and a Writing muft be prove againft all them, and fum of their Kings had dun Rong to fell fo much. He left his Peopell none, and fum being given to Drunknes tb^ Englifli made them drunk and xxix HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. then chc.itetl them hi Barj^ains, but now ther khijjs wear forvvamod not for to part with Land, for nothin}:^ in Cumparifon to the Vahie thereof. Now home the Enj^lilh had owned for King or Qiieen, they wold dif- inheret and make another King that wold give or fell them thefe Lands ; that now, they had no Hopes left to kepe ani Laiid. Another Grievanee, the English Catell and Ilorfes Hill incrafed ; that when thay removed 30 Mile from where Englilh had ani thing to do, thay eould not kepe ther Corn from being fpoyled, thay never being iufed to fence, and thoft when the Englifli boft Land of them thay wold have kept their Catell upon ther ownc Land. Another Grievance, the Englilh were fo eager to fell the Indians Lickers, y! mod of the Indians fpent all in Drynknes, and then raueved upon the fober Indians, and thay did believe often did hurt the Englilh Catell, and ther King could not pre- vent it. " We knew before, thefe were their grand Complaints, but then we only indevered to perfuaid yf all Complaints might be righted without War, but could have no other Anfwer but that thay had not heard of that Way for the Governor of Yorke and an Indian King to have the Hearing of it. We had Cafe to think in y! had bine tendered it wold have bine accepted. We indevered y{ however thay fhould lay downe the War, for the Englifli wear to Strong for them ; thay faid, then the Englifli fliould do to them as they did wh ■'n thay wear to ftrong for the Englifli. " So we departed without ani Difcurtioufnefs, and fudingly had Let- ter from Plimoth Governor thay intended in Arms to conforem Philip, but no Information what y! was thay required, or w* Termes he refufed to have their Qiiarrell defided ; and in a Weke's Time after we had bine with the Indians the War thus begun." If this is authentic, it is interesting, and indicates the utmost that — from his side of the question — a wily sav- age could then suggest in extenuation of the proposed outbreak. The insinuated poisoning of Alexander may XXX HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. have been the utterance of an honest suspicion on the part of Philip and his friends: it sounds more like an advantage taken of the impossibility of contrary proof, to urge a con- scious and mischievous slander. Nor is there any thing in what Easton says to give color to the notion of a gen- eral conspiracy among all the tribes to crush out the whites. The results of the war were heavy to the Colonies, Ten or twelve towns were utterly destroyed, and two- score of others more or less damaged and depopulated. From five to six hundred men fell in the various fights, were murdered in stealthy assaults, or were carried away captive, never to return. More than £100,000 were ex- pended in the struggle; and, at its close, it is estimated that the Old Colony was left under a debt which exceeded the value of the entire personal property of its people! As a natural consequence, the Plymouth Colonists were nearly discouraged. But, from her thin soil and her vari- ous industries, she gradually pushed on to square herself with the world, until she had paid the last dollar of prin- cipal and interest I The causes which aroused those later hostilities, which called out the several Eastern Expeditions recounted in this Second Part, were not diflferent essentially from those which lay at the root of " Philip's War," except as the intermeddling of the French may have had to do with xxxi HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. exciting', exasperating, and sustaining tlicm. Tlic Indians grew more and more dissatisfied as they saw the Colonists advancing it] wealth and power, and every year fixing themselves with a firmer hold upon the soil. It was this inherent hostility between a savage race and that civilized one which it sees to be too strong for it, and to be mena- cing its future, added to the Indian's natural love for blood and pillage, which stimulated attacks which were sought to be excused by pretences that this treaty had not been faithfully kept, or that promise had not been honestly performed. It may be doubted, however, whether even the fierce savage of the eastern wilds would not have chosen to re- treat from the coasts toward the Five Nations without risking the chances of confli6l, if he had not been urged on and aided and abetted even in his brutalest work, by the deadly hatred then borne by the French settler to his English competitor; in which the old hostility of race was supplemented and intensified by the ferocity of Jesuit- fanned fanaticism. When the echoes of the last hearty war-whoop died away among the New-England hills, a new leaf was turned in her history. Even her strong men breathed freer as they wrought along her frontiers; and her women slept sweeter, with their little ones around them, every- where under the deep shadows of her ancestral woods. xxxii ^-^-i^^^tW"^ HISTORY OF THK E J STERN EXPEDITIONS. r 55 1 A further Account of the Aftions in the more later Wars againft the Common Enemy and Indian Rebels in the Kailern Parts, under the Command of the aforefaid Capt. Benj, Church,^ IN tlio time of Sir Edmnmi Androfs\'^ Government, began that bloiuly War in the Eallcrn Parts of Ncw-En)];land\ lb that immediately Sir lidmund Tent an Exprefs for Capt. Church\ who then being at Little Compton'^ received it on a Lords Day' in ' See IiitrodiK^tiou, fi)r Come ncc(»Miit of the raiilcH wliiili Icil to tlicle " more lak-r warK." '•' Sit- lidmuud Amlfos wn» born In GuciufL'^' in i6,y ; wi'iU into tliL army, where, throiiKJi favor of the Duke of York, lie rcceiveil promotion; in 1664 WUH appointed Governor of the Duke'n territories in America; arrived at New York 31 Oiit., i^>74; foon began to fu- pcrvife the moral and religious, as well as the civil affairs of the people; in 1675, attempted in vain to extend his authority over Conne»5licut. In Feb., 1685, the Duke of York, fuccccding to the throne as James II., appointed An- dros Governor of all the New-England Colonies except Connedlicut. He ar- rived at Bofton 20 Dec., 1686, and began to remove old officers, overturn ex- iffing inffitutions, and enter upon a prac'lical defpotifm. 12 Jan., 1687, he aflfumed the Government of Rhode if- land ; and, 13 June, that of Connei'ticut, which he claimed by fupplementary in- ftruiitions. After the news of the land- ing of the Prince of Orange reached Hodon, an infurrecHion took place there 18 April, 1689, and Andros was im- prifoned. In Feb., 1690, he was fent home to England, by commanti of Wil- liam III., who, in 1693, appointed him Governor of V^irginia, where he for the ilrft time had a popular adminillration, but returned to England in 1699; was Governor of Guernfey from 1704 to 1706; and died in London, Feb., 1714, at the age of 82. [Governors of Mufs. Bay, 403-422.] ' Capt. Church muft have been at Saconet on a tranfient vifit, as he was at this time a refident of Briftol. [See Introdudory Memoir, Part I., of this work, p. xxviii.] * The date of this occurrence would feem to be approximately fixed by the the afternoon Mcclin*^; p)in^ homo after Meeting', took his Ilorl'c and let out for IioJ}on^ as ordered; and by Sun rife next Morning got to Jinuiiry^' vvliere he met with Col. Pac^c*^ on Ilorle-back, going to Wcytnoiith and //inj^ ham to raife Forces to go Kail ; who laid he was ghid to fee him, and that liis Excellency would be as glad to lee him in liojlon I'o early, lb parting, he loon got to Jiojlon^ prohahilit_y that it nuil\ linve been hc- twi'cii the 3c) ()t4., i6SS, whon AtulroH ill'iicd liih proi'laniatioti iVikin;; to lo- ciirc peace ainoiik; the Kalli-rii IiuliaiiN, and that time hi the lollowiiiK Novem- ber (lliitihinl'ou \/fiJi- Mn/s. i: 331) fayn "in tlie hej,'inniii>,' of November" ; Willis [///>?. Portland (cd. 1865), 274J iayn " earl^ in November"; William- fon [llijl. Maim', i : 589! '"".vs " hite in November"), when lie darted, with his force of 700 or 800 men, for the Ka(tern country. f* What was then known as Hrnintree is now known as Qiuncy; the prefent Hraintrcc beinj^ at tiiat time called Mo- mtliijnot, \Addrt'l's at the ofvniup; 0/ the uciv Toivn Hall in DraiHtrce, July 29, 1858, by Hon. C. F. Adams, 67; Vinton Memorial^ 463]. ® Nicholas Paige was in Bofton in 1665 ; married Ann, daughter of Ed- ward Kcaync, and widow of Edward Lane (which Ann was tried for adul- tery 23 May, 1666, and made confcfllon of *' much wickednes ") ; ferved in Phil- ip's War, and was witnefs to articles of peace with the Narraganfetts 15 July, 1675 ; was Captain of one of the com- panies raifed in Bofton on the over- throw of Andros; wn» Captain of the Ancient and Honorable Arfillery Com- pany in i^K/s. He In called " Lt. Coll." in 1688. He died, probably, hite in 1717. In tlie repairH made, in 1863, u|)on the L'nivernty Library liuilding in Leyden, Holland, there were fouiul under the floor of that room whicli for many yearn was ufed as a chapel by the Scotch I'relbyterian Church, fix memo- rial lloneK, ami parts of twelve bodies. One of the Hones bore the following infcription : — Here lieth buried Edivard Paige, onely fon of JVicolas and Anna J'aigc, born at Hollon in New England, Feb. 20, i()i2, died in Leyden, Nov. 1, 1680, N.S. The firft date fliould, of courfe, bo i66j,and this is clearly the Edward /.ane of whom Savage fpeaks [6V//. Viii, iii : 50] as the fon, of that birth-date, of his mother while ftill the wife of Ed- ward Lane; whofe name, for fome wile reafon, was changed to that of his mother's fecond huHjand, after her fec- ond marriage. [Savage's Gen. Did. iii : 332. Mafs. Col. Rex. iv (pt. 2): 309; Drake's lliji, Bojl. i: 48/. Leyden [ 55 ] and waiti'il upon his Excellency; who infornu'il luiii of an utiliappy War broke out in the Kallern I*arts; and laid he was j^oin^ liinileir in IVrlon, and that he wanted his Company vvitli him: Hut Capt. Church not linihn^' in him- I'elf the Tame Spirit he us'd to have,' laid, he hopM his Kx- cellency would ^nve liim time to coniider of it. I le told him he mi«,dit; and alio laid that lie mull come and Dine with him. Capt. Church havin«; many accjuaintance in Jio/lou^ who made it their bulincls Ibme to incouraj^e, and others to dilcourai^e him from ^c)ing with his Kxcellency." So atler Dinner his Excellency took him into his room and difcours'd freely; layin*; that he havina«/c// while Church (2) Mary Glover, daughter of Lawrence fcems to imply that the Saconct In- Smith, and widow of Nathaniel Glo- dians who were with him were under ver. One of his daughters married Capt. Ntimpas, [57] * Aiders and Abetters, by all the waycs and means you * can, as you fhall have opportunity. And you to obferve * & obey all fuch Orders and Inflru6tions as from time to * time you fhall receive from the Commilfioners of the * Colonies, the Council of War of this Colony, or the Go- ' vernour and Council of the MaJfachufcHs Colony. In ' Teftimony whereof the Publick Seal of the faid Colony * of Ncw-PlymoiUh is here-unto affixed. Dated in Ply' * month the Sixth day of September^ Anno Dom. 1689. * Annoque Rcgni Regis et Regince Willielmi ct Marire * Anglice^ &c. Primo. Thomas Ilinkley, Prcjident. [57] And now Marching them all down to Bojlon^ then le- ceived his further Orders and Inftru6tions: which are as followeth, Bojlon^ Sep tern. 16th. 1689. To all Sheriff's, Marffialls, Conjlables, and other Officers Military and Civil, in their Majejlics Province of Maine. * \ T Tllereas purfuant to an agreement of the Commif- ' ' ' iioners of the United Colonies, Major Benjamin ^ Church is Commiifionated Commander in Chief over * that part of their Majellies Forces (levyed for the pref- * ent Expedition againft the Common Enemy) whofe * head quarters are appointed to be at Falmouth in Ca/co ' Bay. In their Majellies Names, You, and every of you 8 [ 57 ] * arc required to be aidinf]^ and allilHn^^f to the laid Maj. ' Churchy in his purfute of the Enemy, as any Kmer<:fency ' fhall require; and to rmprels Boats, or other VelVels, Carts, * Carriai^es, Ilorles, Oxen, Provifion and Ammunition, and * Men for f^uides &c. as you fhall receive Warrants from the * faid Chief Commander, or his Lieutenant fo to do: You ' may not fail to do the fame fpeedily and etfe6tually, as ' you will anfwer your nc<^le6t and contempt of their ' Majeflies Authority and Service at your uttermoft Peril. ' Given under my Hand and Seal the Day and Year above ' Written. Annoqiie Rcgi Regis et Regime Willielmi & ' Mariic Primo. By Thomas Danforth,'*^ Prefident of the Province of Maine. By the Governour and Council of the Maf/achnfetts Colony. To Major Benjamin Church. * T T Tllereas you arc appointed and commillioned by the Y V i Council of War of the Colony of Nezv-Plymonth^ ' Commander in Chief of the Forces raifed within the faid * Colony, againft the Common Indian Enemy, now ordered ' into the Eaftern Parts, to joyn with fome of the Forces ' of this Colony; for the profecution, repelling and fubdu- 1** Thomas Danforth, of Cambridge, Andros ; in 1680 was appointed Prefi- was eldefl: fon of Nicolas; was born dent for Maine, and, in 1692, Judge of in England; was freeman 10 May, 1643 ; the Supreme Court; died 5 Nov., 1699. Deputy 1657-8; Afliftant 1659-78; Dcp- He married Mary Withington, of Dor- uty Governor 1679-86, and again after chefter. [Savage's Gen. Did. ii : 8.] 2 9 [57] ' ing of the laid Enemy. It is therefore Ordered that * Cjiptain Simon Willard^'^ and Capt. Nathanacl Hall^''^* * with the two Companies of Souldiers under their feveral * Command belonging to this Colony, now in or about ' (^a/co Bay, be and are hereby put under you, as their * Commander in Chief for this prefent Expedition. And ' in purfuancc of the CommilHons feverally given to either * of them, they are Ordered to Obferve and Obey your ^ orders and diredtions, as their Commander in Chief until ' further Order from the Governour & Council; Or the ' CommilTioners of the Colonies. Dated in Bojlon the ' 17th day of September, Anno Doni. 1689. Annoque IS* Simon Willard was third Con of Muj. Simon; born 33 Nov., 1649; free- man 16S0; Captain in this war; was Deacon; died 21 June, 1731. He mar- ried (i) about 1679, Martha, daugliter of Richard Jacob, of Ipfwich ; (2) 30 April, 1702, Elizabeth, widow of John Wal- ley, and daugiitcr of the fecond John Alden; (3) July, 1723, Prifcilla But- tolph. [Savage's Gen. Did. iv : 555.] ■■'" I cannot identify this Captain, ex- cept by the fuppoiition that he was the fame " Capt. Nathaniel Mall " who joined the Ancient and Honorable Ar- tillery Company' in 1692, and who is barely mentioned by name, by Whit- man. \_HiJi- A»c9. <& Hon. Art. 228.] It feems to me that Mr. Savage is mif- taken in faying that he was that fon of the firft John of Yarmouth, who married Anne Thornton, pradlifed as a phyfi- cian, kept tavern, &c., &c. It is hardly probable that there were two cotempo- rary Nathaniel Halls of Yarmouth, both of whom fought the Indians. But that Nathaniel Hall who received grants from the Plymouth Colon}' in July, 1681, and July, 1683, and who was li- cenfed to keep an ordinary, in addition to a grant of £5 per annum, 5 June, 1684, to which £30 more, with the promife of £6 per annum, were added in June, 1685, — all on account of his "contenewed lamenefs " as "a de« criped fouldier, whoe became foe by a wound received in the late Indian warr," was of Yarmouth. And as he was thus an untitled penfioner up to 1685, it feems unlikely that he could have been the Capt. Nathaniel who marched under Church in 1689. ^•'* Otis, however, thinks he was the fame. [Savage's Gen. Did. ii : 336; Plym. Col. Rec. vi : 65, 112, 130, 132, 169; Freeman's ////?. Cape Cod, ii : 203. Otis's Hiji. Barnjlable, i: 241.] 10 [S8J * Rcc^ni Regis ct Rcgincc Guiliclnii ct Marine Anc;U(C^ &c. ' Pn'mo. Pajl in Council, S. BracKlrcct, GOV. Athjl Ilhac Atklington, Sccr?^ [58] By the Commiffwncrs of the Colonies <7/'//Jt'MalTacluifctts, Plymouth and Connecticut, for managina^ the prrfent War againfl the Common Enemy. ^ 5)UStturtiOUSi ioi* Major Benjamin Chnreh Commander in Chief of the Plymouth Forces, with others of tlie Maffachufetts put under his Command. IN Purfuance of the Commilfion f^iven you for their * Majefly's Service in the prefent Expedition againll the Common Indian Enemy, their Aidors and Abettors; re- pofing confidence in your Wifdom, Prudence and Fi- delity in the trull committed to you, for the honour of God, good of His People, and the fccurity of the Interefl of Chrill in His Churches, expecting and praying that in your dependancc upon Him, you may be helped & alUfled with all that Grace and Wifdom which is requi- fite for carrying you on with Succefs in this difficult Ser- vice; and tho' much is and mull be left to your difcrction as Providence and opportunity may prefent from time to time in places of attendence: Yet the following Inllruc- tions are commended unto your obfervation, and to be 21 //7/«c /l(W/V/^/o«, only fon of Ifaac, Council, and Secretary, in which office of Bofton, born 22 Jan., 1645 ; was bred he continued many years. He was for a furgeon, but was chofen Deputy afterward Judge. lie died 19 Mar., 1685, ^"d next year AfTiftant. Under 1715, cBt. 70. [Allen's Biog. Didi. the new Charter, he was one of the 14.] II [5«] ' attended \h far as the State of matters with you in luch a ' tranljK^tion will admit. You are with all poUible fpecd ' to take care that the Plymouth Forces both Etii^liJ/i and ' Indians under your Command be fixed and ready, and ' the lirll opportunity ol' Wind & Weather, to «jjo on ' board fueh Vellels as are provided to tranlport yoii and * them to Ca/co, where if it fliall pleale Ciod you arrive, ' you are to take und(^»" your care & conmiand the Coni- ' panics of Capt. Nathauacl IJal/, and Capt. Simon Wil- ' lani^ who are ordered to attend your Command, whom ' together with the Plymouth Forces, and fuch as iVom time ' to time may be added unto you; you are to improve in ' fuch way as you fhall fee meet, for the difcovering, ' purfuing, fubduing and deftroying the faid Common En- ' cmy, by all opportunities you are capable of; alwayes ' intending the preferving any of the near Towns from ' incurfions, and dellru6tion of the Enemy, yet chiefly * improving your men for the finding and following the ' faid Enemy abroad, and if poifible to find out & attach ' their head quarters and principal Randezvouz, if you find ' you are in a rational capacity of fo doing; the better to ' inable you thereto. We have ordered two men of War ' Sloops, and other fmall VefTels for tranfportation, to attend * you, for fome confiderable time. You are to fee that * your Souldiers Arms be always fixt, and that they be * furnifhed with Ammunition, Provifions and other necef- ' faries, that fo they may be in a readinefs to repel and * attach the Enemy. In your purfute you are to take 12 [59] fpccial care to avoid danc^cr by Anibiinimcnts, or bcin'jf drawn uiulor any diradvaiita«;c by tlic Kncniy in your 'Marches, Keepinix out Scouts and a forlorn before your main Body, and by all poHible means endeavourin<( to Surprize fbme oi'tlie Ktiemy, that lb you may ^ain intelli- (> I The Firft Expedition, FjiJi. BI'jMj,' ready,"'* Major Church Inibark'il witli liis I^'orcos on board the Vclll'ls |")rovide'd to tranl'port .tlu'iii lor Cn/io^*' haviii^^ a l)ra\c dale at S. W aiul on Fryday about 3 a eloek they ^'ot in H<^'lit i)\' C(f/io Harbour; aiul ibl'eoiir- llni,^ two or tliree Iniall Ships tliere, not knowini; before whether they were friends or enemies; wliereiipon the faid Commander Maj Church ^Mve orders that every man tliat was able ihouKl make ready, and all ly elofe, ^'iv in*; orders how they Ihoiild a^H in eafe they were ICnemies: lie goin<; in the Mary Sloop, to;j;ether with the Rcfolutiou went in firll, bein«jj both well fitted with Guns & Men; coniin«^to the lirll, haiPd them, who faid they were friends; f(ir MnlH. in Kiij,'laiul. with Oaken niul ln.'tli, (laiijiliti'i- oCGov. Lcvcrctt. (Sftv- Matlu-r, i6-i ; Juil;,'cor I'roliato I7nr ; n;,'c'8 (i,tt. Did. \\ 445; Bradlord'H tli1.1l 31 OiH., 1715. lie niarrieil Kli/u- New lutif. Jiioif. iri.| Co., 1^176; Deputy from Stoniii},'toii, He married (l) ? ; (j) Eli/. Peek. 167S-8J; AHillaiU i6S.^-8y; Captain [ C"<;/. /I'rr. C\<;/«. ii : 132, 201, 484; iii : iC)S5; afterwartl Major and Commil- 3, 17, 3''). <'/>. 75. if)6, 114, 170, Sii\\ N, lioner lor Conn.; died 30 Mar., 1705. E. llijL d- Lieu. liv^. xv : 117, 118.J tlie United Colonies 1678; and to treat He married Hannah, only daughter of witii Gov. Duni,'an 16S3 ; CoinniKrioner Ozias Goodwin. \':^^^\■^'^^;\ (icn. Dili. a^'ain later; died 15 Dec. 1694, tci. 58. iii: 441; Col. lice. Conn, iii: i, i7,vVe.J •jx K Major Church arrived at l-'al- Portland, ^Je.,) notwithflaiuliiijf the mouth ill the latter part of .Septemher." town had received fVf)m MaHachuCetts [Williamfon's /lift. Maine, \ : 616.] the corporate name Falmouth, as eiirly •^ "The old Indian name Cu/co con- as 1658." The familiar ahorijj[inal titles tinned to he ul'ed all the lirll century had then much vitality. [Willis's f/i/f, after the fettlcment (for what is now Portland, 49.] 16 [6o] prcTciitly ManM their Boat, brou^Mit too, and lo caiuo alon;; tlic lulc of tluMii; who gave the laid C/tun/i an account, That ycllcrday there was a very ^reat Army of luiiians^ & J'nnch with them upon the I Hand,'" at tlie ^oinj; out of the Harbour, and that they were come on purpofe to take Cafco Fort^' and Town, Ukewife inform'd him that they had f(ot a Captive Woman aboard (Maj. Waldcns dau«;li- \.^x oi Pi/mtatjua'^'^) that could j;ive liim a fui' account of •^ Jofi'ph Prout wrote from Falinouth 17 Sept., i6Se fort for one year, by 6 men in tiie fummer and 4 men in the winter, " i)y continual watcii nnil ward to keep it as a fort ouj^ht to be kept." The next year, Waiter CJen- dall was authorized to take ciiarj^e of tlie fort if Brackett declined. [Willis's Jliji. Port. 226, 249, 254.] "'■^ Richard Wahiron (more properly Witltfcrnc) was born in Alccl\er, War- wicklhirc, Eng., where he was baptized 6 Jan., 1615; came to America in 1635, with Mr. Hilton or Mr. Wigj,'in, to fee the country; ftaid about two years, and returned to England and married a gentlewoman of good family; came back, nnd fettled at Cochcco I^ower Kails, lie was, at tlill'erent periotls, SeleiJtman, Deputy, AlTillant, Major, Chief-Julliie of New llamplliire, and acting I'relident. lie was killed by the Indiana (fee note IJ) 28 June, i68y. He married (1) the Englilb lady above referred to; ( j) Anne .Siammon, tiller of Richard, (he died 7 Feb., 1685. My thefc wives he had (i) Paul, d. 1669; (2) Timothy; (3) Rich.ird, b. 1^)50; (4) Anna; (5) Elnathan, b. 6 July, i^>,sy» d. 10 Dec, ifi59; ((>) KlUier, b. 1 Dec, 16O0; (7) Mary, b. 14 .Sept. 1663. d. young; (8) IClea/er, b. i May it'/)5; (9) Elizabeth, b. 18 Ovit., iM)\ (10) Marah, b. 17 July, 1668. Either mar- ried (i) Henry, fon of Henry Elkins, of Hampton; (2) Abram Lee, " L'by- mirt," who was killed with Major W. by the Indians; (3) Richard, fon of Rich- ard Jofe, of Portfinouth ; (4) ; and died in the Illand of Jerfey. She, of courfe, was the perfon here referred to by Church, having been captured by the Indians at the time of the murder of her father and hufband, three months before, and refcued by a Dutch priva- teer. [A^. E. I lift. d-Gen. Reg. ix : 55; »7 [6o] their number & intentions; lie bid 'cm give his Service to their Captain, and tell him, lie v^'ould wait upon him after he had been on fhore and gav'c fome orders and dire6Uons: being come pretty near he ordered all the Men ftill to keep clofe, giving an account of the News he had received, and then went a-fhore, where were feveral of the chief Men of the Town who met him, being glad that he came fo hap- pily to their relief; told him the News Mrs. Lee had given them, being the Woman aforefaid. He going to Capt. Davis's ^^ to get fome refrefhment, having not eat a Morfel fiiice he came by Bojlon Callle; and now having inquired into the State of the Town, found them in a poor condition for to defend themfelves againft fuch a number of Enemies: He gave them an account of his Orders and Inftru6tions, and told them what Forces he had brought, and that when it was dark they fhould all Land, and not before, left the Enemy Ihould difcover them. And then he went on board the Privateer, who were Dutch Men \ but as he went call'd aboard every Veflel and ordered the Officers to take care that their Men might be all fitted and provided to fight, for the People of the Town expe6led the Enemy to fall upon them every Minute, but withal charging them to keep un- difcovered; and coming on board the faid Privateer, was kindly treated; difcours'd Mrs. Lee, who inform'd him Belknap's Hiji. New Hamp. i: 199; bay" a little E. of the foot of the Williamfon's HiJi. Me. i : 616.] prefent India Street; his lot there hav- ^ Capt. Davis's [fee note 23, ante'\ ing a front on the tidewater of 147 ft., houfe, to which Church now repaired and a depth of 630 ft., to the burying- for refreflament, flood on the " great ground. 18 [6.] that tlic company flie came with had fburfcorc Canoo's: & tliat there was more of them, whom fhe had not leen, which came from other Places, and that they told her when they came all together, fliould make up 700 Men. lie ask'd her. Whether Caflccn''^^ was with them? She an- fwcred. That there was feveral French Men with them, but flic did not know whether [61] Caftccn was there or not. lie then having got what intelligence flie could give liim, went afhore and viewed the Fort and Town, difcour- fing with the Gentlemen there according to his Inftru6tions; and when it began to grow dark, he ordered the Veflels to come as near the Fort as might be, and Land the Soul- diers, with as little noife as poUible; ordering them as the}' Landed to go into the Fort and Iloufes that flood near, that fo they might be read}^ upon occafion; having ordered Provifions for them, went to every Company and ordering ^ Baron Vhiccnt dc St. Cajfin was could be annually realized at Penobfcot born near the Pyrenees, and became a from the beaver trade. He married man of wealth and eminence, and an the daujj;htcr of Madockaxvando, chief officer in the body-guard of the King of the Tarratines; and, being a zealous of France. He arrived at Qi^iebec Catholic, gave the Englilh great trouble about 1665 ; and, the regiment which from his indigation of, and aid to, the he commanded having been difbanded, enemy in Indian wars. The Engliib, he feledted the pine-clad peninfula of on the other hand, at different times, Biguatus, in Acadie, as his refidcnce, ufed him very hardly. He went to where he ere(5ted a fortified habitation, France in 1701, and probably never re- and for over a quarter of a century turned: His fon, by his Indian wife, carried on an extenfive and profitable continued to refide at Penobfcot, and to trade, Ihipping merchandife from be influential among the savages. The France, and exchanging it with the prefent town of Caftine marks the Indians for furs. La Hontan eftimated fpot. [/,« Hontan, i : 471 ; Tibierge's his profits at 200,000 to 300,000 crowns. Mem. Acad/e, 1 OiSi., 1695; Mc. Hiji, He himfelf tedified that 80,000 livres Coll. vi : 110-113.] 19 [6i] them to get every thing ready; they that had no Powder- horns nor Shot-bags, fhould immediately make them; or- dering the Olliccrs to take fpecial care that they were ready to March into the Woods an hour before day: and alio direfting the Watch to call him two hours before day; fo he haltned to bed to get fomc Reft. At the time prclix'd he was call'd,*'^ and prcfently ordering the Com- pany's to make ready, and about half an hour before day they mov'd; feveral of the Town People went with them into a thick place of brufh, about half a Mile from the Town;""' now ordering them to fend out their Scouts, as they us\l to do, and feeing them all fettled at their work, he went into Town by Sun rife again, and delired the Inhabi- tants to take care of themfelves, till his men had fitted themfelves with fome neceffaries: for his Indians mod of them wanted both bags and horns; fo he ordered them to make bags like Wallets to put Powder in one end and fliot in the other: So moft of them were ready for a6tion {yiz^ the Second Indiattsj^'' but the Cape Indians ^^ were *> This was the morning of Satur- ^ The Indians on Cape Cod had daj, 21 Sept., 1689. been friendly — with individual excep- ^ "A portion of the central part tions — through Philip's war, and they [of the "neck" whereon the city of now furniflied foldiers freely to aid the Portland now ftands] was fwampy and Englilh. As late as the Revolutionary covered with bullies and trees, and fur- war a tingle Continental regiment had rowed with gullies." [Willis's journals 26 Majli^ce Indians ; and it was stated, of Smith & Deanc, 430.] in 1783, by Rev. Mr. Hawley, that moft ^' See Part I. xxii. Probably all the of the Majhpce women loft their huf- Saconet Indians who ferved in this bands in the fervice, at one time there expedition were under the command of being 70 widows there. [Freeman's Capt. Numpas. Hiji. Cafe Cod, i : 692.] 20 [6,] very bare, lying fo long at Bojlon before they imbark'd, that they had Sold every thing they could make a Peny of; fome tying Shot & Powder in the corners of their Blankets. He being in Town, jiill going to Breakfall, there was an Alarm, fo he ordered all the Souldiers in the Town to Move away as fall as they could, where the firing was; and he with what Men more were with him of his Souldiers, Mov'd immediately, and meeting with . Capt. Ih'ackits'^^ Sons, who told him their Father was taken, and that they faw a great Army of Indians in their Fathers Orchard,'" &€, By this time our Indians that wanted bags and horns were fitted, but wanted more Ammunition: prefcntly came a MeiTenger to him from the Town & in- form'd him, That they had knock'd out the heads of fev- ^8 Anthony Brackett, perhaps fon of Anthony, who was at Poitlniouth, 1640, was at Falmouth as witnel's to a deliv- ery of pofleffion 1662 ; married (1) Ann, eldeft daughter of Michael Mitton, and fettled on the 100 acres granted iier at Back Cove by George Cleeves. He fubfequently enlarged his farm to 400 acres. He was conftahle 1664; juror 1666; commiffioner i668; was taken captive, with his wife, five children, and a negro fervant, by the Indians 11 Aug., 1676, but ofcaped by the bold ufe of an old, dilapidated birch canoe : his wife Ann died foon after, and, 30 Sept., 1679, he married (2) Sufanna, eldefl: daughter of Abraham Drake, sen., of Hampton; was Lieut. i582; Capt. 16S9; "w^s fhot by the Indians in this engagement at his houfe on Rack Cove. He hnd by the firft wife (i) Anthony, (2) Seth, (3) Mary, (4) Ko- zia, (5) Elinor; by the fecond, (6) Jane, (7) Zijiporah, (S) Zachariah, (9) Ann, (10) Sufanna. [Willis's Ilijl. Port. Id, 106, III, 138, 141, 156, 159, 169, 172, 176, 181, 1S7, 202, 208, 214, 219, 225, 251, 268, 2S0, 290; Drake's Hubbard, ii : 139.] ^* Brackett's tarm lay on the W. fliore of Back Cove, above the creek, on the ground now occupied by the man- fion of James Deering, and the orchard extended toward the point. [Willis's Iliji. Port. 278.] The Indians had gone round, under cover of the darknefs of the night, with their canoes from Peak's Iiland up Cafco River or Back Cove; from either of which Brackett's farm was acceflible. 21 [62] eral Casks of Bullets and they were all too bi<^, being Musket Bullets, and would not lit their Guns, and that if he did not ?. Mafs. i : 508] fays, " By formed, as late as the 6th Feb., i6« g the firfl: opportunity the prifoners were there was no immediate probability fent to England in the lliip 'Mehitabel,' that the Ihip would fail; as, had he Gilbert Baut, mafter," and places in feen fuch a probability, having waited the margin the date of " Feb. 9, i6|9." three weeks, he would have been likely The date of Church's communication to have waited at lead a very few davs to the Governor and Council feems to longer in hope to fecure his end. S 33 65 fo ordered thai we Attack\i their oreatejt body of J^'oires, eomiuQ then for the Deflrutlion of Fahiioutli, whieh we knoiv March\i off RepjiTfl with confiderablc Da^nage^ leav- ing the groimd, ajid 7ieverfince feen there, or in any Place Adjacent: the ti^ne of the Year being then too late to profe- cnte any further defign, and other Accidents fallijig contrary to my expeflatio7i, Impeedi^ig the defired Snccefs. Upon my then Removal from the Province of Maine, the Inhabitants luere very Solicitous that this Enemy might be further Profecuted, willing to venture their Lives and Fortunes in faid Enterprize^ wherein they might ferve God, their King and Country, and injoy Quiet & Peaceable Habitations ; Upon ivhich I promifed to fig7iifie the fame to Your Selves, and willing to ventue that little which Providcficc hath be- trufled me with on the faid account. The Seafon of the Year being fuch if fome fpeedy A£tion be not performed in Attacking them, they will certainly be upon us in our Out Toiv7is {God hiaivs where) and the Inhabita^its there being not able to Defend themfelves, without doubt mafty Souls may be cut off, as our lafl Years Experience wofully hath declared'^ The Inhabitants there trufl to your Protection, having under- taken Goverfiment and yotir Propriety, ^^ If nothing be per- formed on the faid account ( The befl way U7tder Correction ^^) is to DemolifJi the Garrifon, aftd draw off the Inhabitants, that they may not be left to a Mercilefs Efieiny, and that the Arms and Ammtmition may not be there left for the fin << Propriety — property." \^Bailey.'\ judgment, holding mjfelf liable to cor- •'" That is — "the beft way, in my redtion by your luperior wifdom." 34 ()(} J Jlrengthning of the Enemy \ who without doubt have need enough^ havittg exhaujlcd their greatejl Store in this Winter Sea/on : / have performed my Promife to them, and ae- quitted my felf in Specifying the fame to your felves'. Not that I defire to be in any AHion {altho' ivilling to ferve my King & Cotmtry) afid may pafs binder the cenfure of Scandalous Tongues in the lafl Expedition, ivhich I hope they tvill ameiid on the firfl opportunity of Service. I leave to the Mature Confideration, the lofs of \fi^^ Trade and Elfliery, the War drought to the Doors ; what a Triumph will it be to the Enemy, dcrifion to our Neighbours^ befidis difJionour to God and our Nation, and grotinds of frowns from our Prince, the fruflration of thofe zvhofe eyes are upon you for help, who might have otherwife apply ed themfelves to their King. Gentlemen, this I thotight humbly to propofe unto you, that I might dif charge my felf ift my tru/l from your Selves, ajtd Promife to the Inhabitatits of the Pi''ovince, but efpecially my Duty to God, His Majifly and my Nation, Praying for Your Hoiwi-rs Profperity, Subfcribe, A true Copy given in at Boflon, Your Servant, this 6th of February 1689. Benj. Church. At the Council Board. Attefl T. S. Maj. Church laid moreover that in thus doing he had comply'd with his Promife to thofe poor People of Cafco, and fhould be quit from the guilt of their bloud ; the Gov- ernour was pleafed to Thank him for his care & pains taken. Then taking his leave of them went home, and 35 L66J left Capt. Scottaway in a very forrowful condition, who rc- turnVl home Ibmctimc alter with only a Copy of what was left on tlie I^oard by the laid Church. Maj. Church not hearing any thing till ^[ay following and then was in- form'd, That thofe poor People of Cafco were cut off by the barbarous Enemy: and that altho' they made their terms with Monficur Cajlecn^ who was Commander of thofe Enemies, yet he futiered thofe Mercilefs Salvages, to MalTacre & Deftroy the moll of thcm."'^ To conclude this lirll Expedition, Eajl ; I Ihall jult give you a hint how Maj. Cliurch was treated (altho' he was Commander in Chief of all the Forces out of Plymouth and Bojlon Ctov- ernment) after he came home, for Plymoiith Gentlemen paid him but Forty two Pounds', "' telling him, lie mult go to Bojion Gentlemen for the rell, who were his imployers as well as they. Of whom he never had one Peny for all Travel and Expences in Railing Volunteers, and Services done; except Forty Shillings or there about, for going from Bojlon to Rh ode- IJla d ow their bulinefs, and back to 70 Frontenac fent a body of French ''• Plymouth Colony voted, 25 Dec, and Indians with a large company of 1689, to pay Major Church " £10. (be- Tarratines under Cajlin, early in May, fides what he hath received from the againit Falmouth. They made their Bay) more than his wages by the weeke, atti'ck 16 May, and 20 May. Cajlin and that his weekly wages as Major in having "lifted his hand and fworn by ye late expedition be 405." ; and "that the great and everliving God " to keep Major Church Ihall have £5. calh, the articles of furrender, the garrifon and Capt. Baffitt £3. calh, part of of Fort Loyall furrendered; to find what is due to them from the Colony every article violated, with infult. abufe. paid to them by the Conftables of Pli- and the molt fiendilh atrocities. [3 mouth out of the lall rate." [/*/>'/«• Mafi. llijl. (.'oil. i: ioi-ii-!.J Col. Rcc. vi : 229.] 3f> ^>7 1 Bojlon asfain: Alio for lending a Man to Providence I'oi Capt. Edmunds''^ (who raifd a Company in thol'c Parts) and went Eajl with them. The Second Expedition, />///. TN the Year 1690. was the Plxpcdition to Canada, and ■*■ Maj. Wallcy often requelled Maj Churck that if he would not go himfelf in that expedition, that he would not hinder others; lie anfwcred the faid VValUy^ That he (hould hinder none but his old Souldiers, tliat us'd to go along with him, &c. And the faid Church going down to Charlejlown to take his leave of fome of his Relations,''' and Friends, who were going in that Expedition, promifed his Wife and Family not to go into Bojlon^ the Small Pox being very brief ^' there."' Coming to CharleJlow7i, feveral of his Friends in Bojlon came over to fee him; and the next day after the faid CJmrch came there, Maj. Wallcy [67] came to him., and inform'd him, That the Governour ■J'^ See Part I, note ii6. manders." [Hinckley Papers, 4 Mafi. ^'' Joiin Wal ley wrote, 21 Apr., 1690, Hiji' Coll. v: 247.] This "Lieut. to Gov. Hinckley, "The Indians of Southward" was doubtle's Church's Dartmouth and Seaconnet — which are brother-in-law, William Southworth about 100 men, 50 or more armed — [see note 53, antc\\ and, if he went have had a meeting: chofe Lieut. to the war, he was probably one of the Southard for their Captain or Com- "relations" here referred to. Mr. Drake mander, and one Daniel Eaton; un- thinks he was (by his nickname Bill) der whom they are willing to ferve the " B. Southworth " of Part I. page 35. the Englilh, if we Ihould be affaulted. ^^ An evident mifprint for "rife" They have chofe Captain Numpas and which Dr. Stiles correlated, another Indian for their Indian Com- "'' See note 6^;. utitc j< [67] and Council wanted to (peak with him: lie anfwered him, That he had promised his Wife and Family not to go into Bojlon ; laying, Ifth had any bulinefs, they could Write to him, and that he would lend them his anfwer. Soon after came over two other (ientlemen with a Mellage, that the Governour & Council wanted to have Ibme dil- courle with him: The anlwer returned was, That he in- tended to lodge that Night at the Gray-hound in Roxbnry^ and that in the Morning would come to Pollards at the South End of Bojlon ',~^ which accordingly he did: foon after he came thither received a letter from the Honour- able Capt. Sewall" to requell him to come to the Council; 1« William J\>ll(ir7 they would tarry and keep in tliat Tort or not? anil whither it was not expedient to lend Tome Forces to do fomc I'poil upon them; and further to know whither he could not be prevaiPd with to Rail'c Tome Volunteers and go, to do Ibme fpoil upon them? He anl'vver'd them, he was unwilling; to be concerned any more; it bein^ very dilllcult and chargeable to Raife Volunteers, as he found by experience in the lall Expedition. But they ufmg many arguments prcvaiTd lo far with him, That if the Govern- ment of Plymouth faw caufc to fend him (he would go) thinking the Expedition would be fhort. Took his leave of them «& went home. And in a Ihort time after there came an T^xprefs from Governour Hinkley^ to requell Maj Church to come down to Barnjlahle to him: he having received a Letter from the Government of Bojlon to raife fome Forces to go Eajl ; whereupon the faid Maj. Church went the next day to Barnjlablc, as ordered; finding the Governour and fome of the Council of War there,"" dif- •^" The Council of War at this time, John 'riiachijr, (Varmouth,) bv law of 1671, was compofod of the John Walley, (Man.ftable,) ' ,, John Cuihmg, (Scituatu.) Governor and Aiultants as annually chofen, " and a like number of other To thefe were added, in 1689, to make trufty and able men chofen alfo by the "P ^he Council of War, the following, General Court, and from year to year ^'^ ■ tilled up, if by death removed, or Nathaniel Bj-field, (Briftol,) otherwife any of them be wantinjr, or ^"i""; •f°"''"''"' f P^"^"*' i^^'UlT'?. ^ ; ^ , . r, „ Lieut. Ifaac Little, (Marflifield.) incapacitated to perform their truu." The Governor and Affiftants this year Who, of the number formerly ap- ^grg . pointed, held over to complete the ,„ „ , , number, we are not informed. [Brii'- Thomas Hinckley, Gov., (Barnftablc,) , , _ ^ ^. , y ,r r., ' William Bradford, Dep. Gov., (Plymouth.) l^''^'" « ^«^^ "/ <-0^- «/ ^"^^^ ^'.'■'"• John Freeman, (Eaftham,) 285; Plym. Col. Rec. vi : 205, 212.] 40 I 6H loiisM him, t'oncludini; that hi' flioulil taki* his Imiinu SoiihliiTs, and two Juix/ij/i L'aptains with what Vohintccrs .IS could be raill'd; ami that one C'ai>l. (hould yo out of riymoidh and liarujlahlc County, and the otlur out of /y/v/A;/ County,**' with |6S| what Forces he could railV, concluding to have but lew OHiccrs, to la\c Chartjc; the faid Church was at ^reat Charfre & Expcnce in railln*: of Forces. Governour Ilinldcy promifed that he wouKl take care to provide Vellels to tranfport the laid Army with Ammunition & Provilions, by the time preflxt by him- lelf, lor the (jovernment ot Jio/lon had oblii^M tliemlelves by their Letter, to provide any thinii; that was wantin<^; To at the time prefixt Major Church MarchM down all his Souldiers out of Brijlol County to Piyinou/h, as ordered ; and beinjjj come, found it not as he expected, foi- there was neither Provifions, Ammunition nor Tranfports; fo he im- mediately fent an Exprefs to the Governour who was at Barnjlable^ to o^ive him an account that he with the Men were come to Plymouth, and found nothin^^ ready; in his'^'"' return to the faid Church, gave liim an account of his dif- appointments; and fent John Lathrop^'^ of Barnjtablc in a 81 The Plymouth Records Ihow that **2 That is. Gov. Hincklfv, in his re- the Court, which met 5 June, 169(1, toolt ply to Cluircirs mclTaye, "gave him a(5lion in rcL^ard to co-operating witii an account, iVc" the Mais. Colony in the propolcd cxpe- *' yo/in Loilnop was youngcft Ton of dition to Canada, and appointed Capt. Rcv.John. of Harnllable ; married 3 Jan., Joleph Silvefter (of Scituatc) and Mr. 1672, at Plymouth, Mary Cole; had John Gorham (of Barnltable) to be Cap- John, Mary, Martha, Elizabeth, James, tains, with Jabez Snow (of Eallham) Hannah, Jonathan, Barnabas, Abigail, and Samuel Gallop (of Bofton.') Lieu- and Experience; died 17 Sept., 1727, <»A tenants. \Plym. Col. Rec. vi ; 250.J 85. [Savage's Cicn. Did. iii : 120.J 6 41 f '■>* I Vclll'l with lomc Amimiiiition aiul Proviiioii on boanl, to liini at nynioitlli\ alio lent Iiiiu word tliat there was more on board i)\' Sauiuci ^l/Zim^'^^ vti luinijlablc^ who was to ^o for a Tranfjiort, and tliat he hinileir vvonkl be at Ply- mouth the next day: but yU/i)ij( never eame near liim, but went to JUlUn^s-gatc at Cape-cod^^ as he was inforni'd. The Ciovernour beini; come, (aid to ^Faj. C/iun/i that he mull take Ibme of the open Sloops, and make Spar-Deeks to them, and hiy Platl'orms for the Souldiers to lye upon; which delays were very Expenlivc to the faid Clni}'ch\ his Souldiers beinjj^all Volunteers, daily expected to be treated by him, and the Indict its always be<^v/ <>nT:un(lable, eldeft **'^ " Billingr','ate Point is on the weft fon of Tlioniati of tlie same, born lo fide of tiie town [I£a(UiamJ, about 6 Feb., i6^|; was LieUt., and Town miles from the main land, with whieii Cierlt; was Deputy 1C82-4; married it was formerly connecited; but for Hannah, daughter of Rev. Thomas many years it has been an ifland, the Walley; had Thomas. Samuel, Jofeph, lea having broken over and wallied it Hannah, and Elizabeth: died 25 Nov., away in two placeh. where is fuHicient i7.:6, tPt. 82. [Freeman's ////?. Cape water for (mall vellels to pal's through." Co'i, ii: 274. J [Pratt's ///>?. Eafthitm, 2.) 42 L "« J tipon their Majijlys Sii/ij\ffs of tin rioviui'cs of Maine, Ncw-llani|i(hire ami of the MalVacluirctts Colony^ haviiij^ (onuniltcii utaiiv liarharoiis Mnnhrs^ Spoils and Rapines upon their l\ rjons and Ji/iates. And tk.'hereas there are Joine Forces of Sonhiiers Kiiujlilli cib* Imliaiis mno raijed and detached out of the J'everal Reiiih'en/s and /'/aces 7L'ithin this Coiony of Ncw-lMyniouth,"" to j^o forth to the ^Ijjijlance of our Neij^hbours and I'^riends of the aforefaid Provinces & Colony of the Malliichurclts, SubjeHs of one and the fame Croxon, And ivhercas you Benjamin Cluirch are appointed to be Major and Commander in Chief of all the Forces En«iflilh & Indians detached ivithin this Colony, toj^ether with fuch other of their Majtjlys Subjeils as elfe where Jha II Lijl themfelves^ orjhallbe orderly put under your Command for the Service of their Majejlns as aforefaid. Thefe are in their Majiflies Name to Authorize and J\eii. «3 4 i 3 5 a I 4 3 3 3 Kalniiiuth, Mipii.uiKiy, Kiiclieller, Itriilol, Swanfcy, Little C'limpton, 4 Dartmouth, 8 raiintiiii, 14 Kuhobiith, 10 t rectuwii, a Min. Aniii'i, a I 2 a 6 7 It was ordered, alfo, that tiu-re he railed ^oJiuiiatis, — 22 in tiieeoiiiilx ol Harnllable, 22 in the county of IJrillol, and 6 in tliat of I'lynioiitii. Alio, I'lvnionth County was to '*|)rovi(le amies and f)tiier neicllaries" for 18 men. liarnllablc County for 15, and Brillol County for 17. [/'/y»i. Col. litc. vi : 2J\().\ The debt iiuuned l)v tiie Plymouth Colony for its (hare of the expenre.s of this oampai;,'n amount- ed to £1.350. The entire ratable ellate of that Colony, then, was £35,;_>oo. 43 f f- 1 i2f I'.xercifniii of your lufcriour Officers and Soii/dicrs, Cnni- nuimiiiti^ tlmn to Obey |y all the xvays and means you can^ as you Jhall have oftf^ortuuity^ & to accept to Mercy or Xraut Quarter i^ Favour tofuch or fo many of /aid Jin- emies as you Jhall Jind needful for promoting; the defii^n aforefaid. And you to obfervc and obey all fuch Orders and /njlruilions^ as from time to time you Jhall receive from the CommiJ/toners of the Colonies^ or the Council of IVar of the Jaid Colony of Nc'vv-Pl}ni()iith, or from the Governour ami CVv/;/^-// r>////<' MiilVachurt'tts. /;/ 'I ejlimony whereof is af- fixed the Piiblieh Seal of this Colony. Dated in IMytnoulli the Second day of September, Anno Domi. 1690. ^inno- (/ue Reoni Ke^^is ct Ke^imc Willielnii et Mariii^ &c. Se- cundo, Tho. Iliiikley Pnfident, JUStniCltOnSy^^'' Major Henjaniin Church Commander in Chief of the Plymouth Forces^ 7uith other of the Mairaclnifetts^/// under his Command, * TN purfuance of the Commillion ^iven you for their -■• * IMaJeIly''s Service in the prefent J*l\pedition a<^ain(l 'the Common Enem>', Indian & French their Aiders and ' Abettors, on the requelt of our Brethren and Friends of ' the Majfachufetts Colony, Subjects of one and the fame 'Crown of En<^land\ for our AHillance of them therein. ' Repofnig confidence in your Wifdom, Prudence, Pronefs 44 and Kaithfulncfs in tho UuW iitul«'r (Jod cotnmitti'd to yoii for tlu" I IdiKuir ol' His Niitnc, tiic Intcrell of C'Inill in tlu'lc C'liuri'hcs, aiul the ^'ood oftlu' whok- I\n|)Ir; I'ray- iii^ and Iv\j>i'i''tin«^ that in your di'pcMulaiicc on Ilim, you may he hrlpi-d aiul AllilU'd witli all tliat (iracf, Wililom and C'ouia«;c ncct'llary for the carrying ot* you on with Succci's in tliis ditlicult Service; and tho' nuich is and mull be left to your dilcretion, with your Council of Olli- cers, as Providence & ()p|M)rtunity may prelent from time to time in !*Iaces of action. Vet the followini,^ Inllruc- tions are commended to vou to be obferved &, attended by you, fo far as the State and Circumllances of that affair will admit. *You are with all poinblc Ipeed to take care that the lUynioiitli Forces both Jitn^lijh & huHans under your Command be fixed \k. ready on the firll opportunity ot Wind & Weather, to p) on board luch Vellels, as are provided to tranfport you to Pifcataqua\''^ and there take under your care & command fuch Companies of the Majjachuft'tts Colony, as Ihall by them be ordered and added to you there, or elfe where from time to time; all which you are to improve in fuch way, and I'roni place to place, as with the advice of your Council, conlillin<^ of the Commillion Otlicers of the Majjixchiifctts Colony, and Plyuioulh under your condui^t, ihall fer^m meet, for the finding out, purfuing, takinif or dellroying of faid com- mon Enemy, on all opportunities, according to Commif- M Poitrniouth, N.II. 45 7" fioii, und liicli riirtliL-r Orders & In(lni('-ti)iis as yoii have ov niav rccci\'L' Iroiii llir (iovcnunir & Council ol llu- Ahil/di/uijctts^ tliL' C'ouiniillioncrs lor the United Coioni(;s> or the (jf>vernoiir ik Council of rivnioulli\ fo far as you may he capahle, Inten{lin| dellruc- tion ol the l^ni.-niy: Hut chielly to intend the fuuhnL;' out, jjurluin;^, takinj^ and delLro\ ini^ the Paieniy al)road, and ii pollibk.' to attack them in their iiead quarters and j)rincipal Rantlezvcni/, if you are in a rational capacity r\ fo doini^; and for the better enahlini^ you thereunto, We have aj)- pointed the VelTels that tianl])ort you, and the Pro\ilions, &c. to attend your motion & order, until you Ihall lee caufe to dil'mils them, or any one of them, which is dclired to be done the lirll opj)ortunity 'hat the Ser- vice will admit. Yon are to fee that your Souldiers Armes be always llxt, and tiiey j)ro\'i(led vvitli Ammu- nition, and other necelliiries, that they may be always ready to repel and att.'ick the ICnemy. You are to take fpecial care to a\oid dani^er in the purl'uit ol the Jl^nemy's by keepin;^ out Scouts, and a forlorn,*^*^ to prevent the Ambulhments ol the ICnemy on your main body in their Marches. And by all pollible means to I'urpri/e Ibme of the Enemy, that fo you may <^ain better Intelligence. 'You arc to take elTectual care that the worlhip of (j(kI *^ ''^ /''iirlirti — incti detached from or to hij^iii (lie alt;i(k of a Ix liej^ed feveral rej^ittiftits, or otherwile ap- |)lace." [ //w/'/ffV. J " Forlorn- hf»|)c" ' be kept up in llic Army, tliat Moniin*^' and Kvcninji I'raycr ' he atU.'iulcd, and the IkjIv Sal)l)atli duly SaiuHilicd, as tlio ' lOincT^riMicy of your alliiirs will admit,. ' You arc to take llrii'l care; to j)rcvfnl oi |)unili) Drunk- ' cniK'ls, Curliiij^, Swearing and all other Vice; Icalt the ' anther of Mod l)c thereby pnn'oki-d to liijiit a^ainfl you. 'You are from time to time to ^ive Inlelli^aMice and ad\'ice 'to the (iovernour of the Ma/fac/iiijclls, and to us oC your ' proceedin<^ and (jccurances that may attend yoi;. And in 'cal'-ofa failure of any Conmiillion Ollicers, you are to 'appoint (thers in their Head. And when with the advice ' of your Council aforefaid, you (hall after fome tryal tee ' your Service not like to be ad\antaL,^eous to the accom- ' plilhment of the Publiek end aforefaid: 'I'hat then you 'return honur witji the; 1*\hci;s; el'pecially if you fhall 'receive any orders or (hreitions fo t(j do (rom the MaJJa- *" clmjctls^ or from us (Hveii nmicr my hand a f l^lymouth, *" ihe id day of .Sej)tember, Anno Darui i6go. ' Tho. Jlincklij (iOV. & Prc^fident. Now havin^; a fair Wind Maj Church f(jon ;^ot to Pifcat- aquaS'^ who was to aj)ply himfelf U) Maj. Pihc'^^^ a worthy •"' IC Cliiirrli fnilcd frcitii I'l vinoiitli 9 davs. He proliahlv readied I'ifialit- iiimii(liatc-lj fin rcr(;i|)l of liis coMiiiiir- i/iitt on Wcdnc-rday, 3 Si'pL, aii(J re- lion and iidlnuHioiis, he j)rr)l)al)lv j^ot ecivi-d the Major's itdlni<':lioMS two f>r otr on 'i'liulda^, 2 Sept., i6(/j. On three days l)eforf lie was ready to move the following Tuefilay he received his upor. I'eji'pfrot. intlrmUions at Porllinoiith from Major '•*' Ix'ohrrt I'ikr, of Salifhury, fori of I'ike, and ipeaksof heiiig delaveil ahout John, (jf Newbury; was freitrnari 17 47 7' I (luntk'nian, who ihid, lie had advic-c of" his coniin;^ from /io/l())i, (icntlcmicn ; alio he liad it-ccivcd (hrt't'-.tions that wliat Men the faid Church (hould want niiill 1)l' railed out i)\' //aNi/)/hi}'c \ out of their icveral Towns and (iarrifons: Maj. /V/v ask'd him, How many Men lie Ihouid want? lie laid enou,L,di to make up his Forces tliat he brought with him, ,^,oo at leall, and not more than 350. And fo in about Nine (hiys time he was Tupply'd with two Companies of Souhli(;rs. He havinj^ been at about Twenty Shillina^s a day cliar^e in expences while there. Now he received Maj. Pikers IndrucHicjns ; which are as roliowetli, l\)r/fni()Hth in New-/ fainpjhirc^ Sept. 9, 1690. To Maj. Benjamin Church Commander in Chief of Iheir AJajefly's T'orces mnu de/i^^ned upon the prefent Jixpedi- tion Iiaflivard, & now Reftdent at l^ortfmoutli. [71 | T/ fe (lovernour a./d Council of the Malfachufetts Colony repofins; ^reat trnfl a7id confidence in your Loyalty & Valour from experience of yojir former AH ions ^ and of Gods prefence with you in the fame. In purfuant of an Order received from them., CommajtdinQ it. T/ufe are in their Majcjlfs Names to Impower and Reqtiire you as Command- er in Chief., to take into your care a7id condufl thefe Forces May, 1637; Ri'i'rcffntative from S., Sarah Sanders, and liad Sarah, Mary, 1648, and (bine; following years ; AfTiO- l>orf)tliy, Mary Ta^ain ;, Klizal)Cth,Jolin, ant i68i ind 1691 ; Councillor 1689 and Rol)ert, and Mf)('(;s ; died 12 Dec, lyf/j, \(ti)\ \ was Major in one of the li/Tex trt.fji. lie was early a church member, regiments, lie married. 3 April, 1641, [Savage's (Jen Did. iii : 4,36. | I 7' I now here prefent at their Randczvonz at Portfmouth ; and they are alike required to otuy you : and ivith them to Sail Jia/lward by the /ir/l opportujiity to CaCco, or Places Adja- cent^ that may be mojl commodious for Landinj^ ivith fafety and fecrc/y^and to vijit the Ji7tcmy 1^'rcnch & Indians at their head quarters at Amcras-co<^cn,"' PcjcpCcot, or any other Plat, accordinj^ as you may have hope or intellijj^ence of the Refidettt of the lincmy ; nfinj^ always your ■utmo/l in- deavour for the prefervation of your oivn Men, and the kill" inor,dc/lroyin<^ and utterly roolini> out the Knemy wherefoever they may be found ; as alfo as much as may poffibly be done for the redeeming or recovering of our Captives in any Places. You being theft arrived, <2f rinderflanding your way, to take your fourney back again either by Land or Water, as you f hall judge mofl convenient for the accomplifhing of the end intended ; and to give intelligence always of your motions whenfoever you can with fafety and convenience. Laflly, in all to confult your Cou7icil the Commanders or " Androfcogffin, On a riule pen- map is clearly contemporaneous, and drawn map [in the Connctiticut Ar- may iiave been traced by Chun-.h to chivcH, War. Vol. III. Doc. 86 (for alTill tlieir delii)erationK, — this is writ- a copy of which I am indebted to ten in two words, thus, /Iw^/vyTv '"'o^'r/w, the kindnefs of the Hon. J. Hammond and is Outcd to be " about Sfj mylc from Trumbull)], bearinjj notes in the hand- the fea." It was fituated upon a terri- writing of Hon. William Pitkin, who tory which ufcd to be called by the was one of the two Coiinetiticut Com- Indians Itoccamecco, and was the head- mifTioners at the meeting in Bofton, quarters of the ylwrfrfl/co^'-^'-/// tribe, tnd ■which declared war with the Eadern feems to have been near the great Pen- ludians, and appointed Church com- nacook falls on the Androfcoggin river, mandcr ffee note 27, ante), — which in Rumford. [A/i?. ////?. Co//, iii : 333.] 7 49 [71] CommiJJion Cjfuers of your fcveral Companies^ when it Piay be obtained^ the greater part of whom to determine^ and fo the Lord of J I of I the God of Armies (ro alona^ with yon, and be yo2ir Condtift, Given nnder my hand the day and year abovefaid. Per Robert Pike. Bcirii^ ready,"^ they took the firfl opportunity and made the bed of their way to Pejepfcot Fort,"' where tliey found From thence they March'd to Ameras-cogen, nothing. 94 "^ Church's letter to Gov. Hinckley, of chitc 30 Sept., 1690, n:irr:itin{,' the events of this expedition — lately printed by Mr. S. G. Drake in his additions to Baylies's Plymouth [pp. 90-97] — fays, "Wo fett faile from Pifcataqiia upon the 10"' inllant, at 2 in the afternoon, and came tlie 11"' in the ni^ht amont^fl the Illands in C''fco Bay." He proceeds as follows : — " Laid the vefTclls clofe out of fi^'ht — went on fliorc at breake of day, upon an Kland that had been inhabited by the Englilh, called Cafoaffl^C/iebcajruc, or ChebaccOi now known as Great Gc- beag, and called " S/icab " on the " An- cient Plan."] We rant^ed about, found where the enemie had lately been, but were drawn off. This wus the twelfth day. In the evening wo wayed and came down to Macquait [^Muquoit, or Marquoity the N. E. termination of Magocook bay, in Freeport, Me.], and the 13th day about 2 : of the clocke in the morning we landed our men filently upon the Maine ; and leaveing fouldiers on board to keep theveffells,we marched in the night up to Pochipfcutt \^Pejep- Jcot] fort, — diuidcd the army into: 3: companies, furrouiuled the fort, and when daylight appeared we found that the enemie were removed not long be- fore we came there; alfo the fouldiers found fomc little plunder, and u barn of corn." «••' Williamfon \IIiJl. Mc. i : 624] makes the carelefs millake of rcprc- fenting the tlight of Doncy, the releafo of the captives, &c., which really took place on the next day (Sabbath, 14 Sept., 1690) at the upper falls, as taking place here at Brunfwick Lower Falls. "* Church fays in his letter [fee note 92, antc'\ that he went up "on the S. W. fide of the river altho the way was extream difllcult : yet it was a more obfcure way : the d^e iiie ufeing to march on the N. E. fide." He further fays [p. 91] that they marched on the fame day (Saturday) on which they reached Pejepfcot, " above the middle falls, about 20 miles," when it rained hard, and they there encamped. This was at Lewifton Falls, ci< Med by the In- dians Amityonpontook. They marched 50 [7'] and when they came near the Fort Maj. Church made a halt, ordcrin<( the Captains to draw out of their feveral Companies 60 of their meanefl men, to be a <(iiard to the Doctor & vSnapfacks;"'' being not a Mile from faid Fort; and then Moving towards the Fort, they faw young Dottcy''^^' and his Wife, with two Ens^li/Ji Captives: the faid Doncy made his efcape to the Foit, his Wife was fhot down, and fo the two poor Captives releas'd out of their bondage. The faid Maj. Church and Capt. Walton'"'' made no Hop, making the belt of their way to the Fort with fome of the Army, in hopes of getting to the Fort before young the next Hay at dawn, and came within fight of the fort about 2 P. U. [Me. Ilijl. CoU. iii : 322.] "* " In Ihort time came to the westerly brancli of the Great River, and there left our bagyage and thofe men that were tired, and made them up to forty men to f,niard the Dodtor." Church's Letter [Drake's Baylies, Pt. v : yi.] "•' In his Book of the Indians | p. 307], Mr. Drake gives it as his opinion that this Doney, or Dony, family were French refidents amotig the Indians, like Cas- ting and that this fon was a half-breed. Williamfon [i : 624] fays he was one of the Sokokis (or Sock/tigones), who were the aborigines of the SacovaWcy. Sul- livan [////?. IJifl. Me. 180] calls old Doney "' a favagc." Mather \Magnalia, B. vii ; 86, 87] enumerates Robin Doney among the Sagamores who funned the " fubmiiFion " at Pemmaquid in 1693, and fays he was feized at Saco within a year after. He is thought to have been the " Old Doney" mentioned in a letter written by Church, and the father of this fugitive. Williamfon refers to him [i. 642J with Bomafecn. "I Sltadracli Walton., of Great Ifland (now Newcallle, N II.), was fccoml fon of George anil Alice, was b. 1658, was Captain in i6yo; Major in the attack on Port Royal in 1707; Colonel of New- Ilaniplliire troops in 1710; Colonel of the Rangers in aiitive fervice the next winter; was made a Royal Counlellor in 1716; ciuieted the Eaftern Indians in 1720; wasfenior nieinber and Prefident of the Co jncil Board in 1733 ; was Judge C. C. P. 1695-1698; Judge S. C. 1698, 1699; and again Judge C. C. P. 1716- 1737 ,IIe died 3 Otit., 1741, aged 83. He was father of George; Benjamin (H. U. 1729, a mini(ter) ; Klizabeth (m. KeefeJ ; Abigail (m. Long) ; Sarah (m. Sheafe) ; Mary (m. Randall, and became g. g. m. of the founder of the "Free- Will Baptift Connection.") [Rev. A. H. Qiiint, D.D., in N. E. Iliji. <& Gen. Reg. ix : 57.] 5» [7^] Doniy]^^*^ but the River thro' wliich they miifl pafs bein^ as deep as their Arm-pits; however Maj. Church as foon as he was got over llripM to his Shirt and jaeket, leavin*; his Breeches behind, ran directly to the Fort, havin^^ an eye to fee ir3'oun_<^ J)omy,\w\\o ran on the other fide of tlie River fhould j^et there before him: the Wind now blovvinjr very hard in their Faces as they ran was fome help to them; for feveral of our Men fired Guns, which they in the Fort did not hear; fo that we had talien all in the Fort had it not been for youn7/V,'.?, I't- v: 97. J letters to Gov. Cranfieid, of New Ilainp- ""^ lVoromdo(Woroml>os) was a Tar- fhire, difclofing his fear of the Mohav'ks ratine, and Sachem o{ Andro/cofririn and his defire for Englilh proteiition. [Atnos Cojif^ifcn, Cliurch fjiells it, in He fubfequcntly fled to the eadward, his letter, much as Pitkin wrote it (see and joined the Andro/roffffins, where note 91, ante)]. He had tzvo children he became hoflile to the fettlers, and in captured here. [Vid. Church's Letter, 1689 headed the maffacrc of Maj. Wal- 97. J dron. His wife and four children were "" Sec notes 12 and 32, ante. 53 [7^1 was Capt. //jtf/y'ini^s'sW]^^ o{ OyJIer- River .^'^ Maj. Church proct'cdrd to examine llic Man taken, wlio <^'avc him an account that moll of tlicir h<4litin^ men were «^onc to Win- tcr-liarboiir,, to provide I'rovilions for the Hay of lumdy hidians^ who were to come and joyn with them to fi^lit the liuQ^liJh}^''^ Tlie Souldiers bein^ very rude would liardly fpare the Indians Hfe, while in examination, intendin;^ when he had done that he (hould be Executed: but Capt. Iluc/dna^s Wile and another Woman down on their knees beg'd for him, layin*^, lie had been a means to lave their Lives and a ^reat many more; and had helped feveral to opportunities to run away & make their efeape; and that IW <• We found ti prety deal of corn in barnes under j,'rf>im(l, and dedroji-d it; uil'o we Ibund ^uiis and anninilion :i prcty deal, with beauer, and we took 5 Kn;^li(li captives, vi/. Lieut. Robert lUokins his widow of (Jailer River; IJenjainin Barnards wife of Salmon Falls; Ann Heard of Cocheelio ; one Willifes dauj^hler of OjHer Riuer, and a bo^ of lOxeter." [/hid. 92. J Oyjler River was originally a |iart of Dover, N.Il., now Durham, yutncs lliickins was fon of Robert, Conflable 1683; had cldeft Ion Robert; was killed in the on(lau;,'ht of the Indians in Au^jurt, 1689. [Farmer's J3clk»(i/>'s New Ilamp. 131 ; Savat{e's (ien. Did. ii : 487. J '"* Dictating to his fon Thomas a quarter of a century afterwards, it is not flrangc that fome particulars fhould have faded from the memory of (Japt. Church. He here rcprcfcnts his haflc to make the bed of his way back to Winter-Harbor to be for the piirpofc of inter(e|)tint^ aiid captiirintj thefe In- dians, who wi:re {(one thither for pro- vilions. IJut in liis letter, written at the time, be informs Cjov. Hinckley that — "Both Indians and Englilb informed us that the enemy had lately had a con- fultation. Many r>f them were frjr peace and many a;;aiii(l it, and had lin-d and f)roeure his life was fpared, &c. Next day the faid Cliunh orcU-red that all their Corn (hould be dellroy'd, bein<^ a great cpiantity, favinf^ a little for the two old Squaws which he de(i<^n'd to leave at the Fort to give an account who he was, and from whence he canu?: the red being knock'd on the head, except what afore-inentioned, for an example, ordering them to be all buried."" Having enquired where all their befl I^ever was. ^ 'hey laid, it was carried away to make a prefent to the Jiay of /u)ni/y hullans^ who were coming to their AOiflance. Now lieing ready to draw off from thence, he calTd the two old Scpiaws to him, and gave each of them a Kittle and ff>me Hiskets, biding them to tell the Indians when they came home, [73 | that he was known by the Name of Capt. C/inrch, and liv'd in the Weflerly part of Plymouih (iovernment; and that '••* There is a tiiijjc of hiirbarity in the narrative liere, which is ahfcnt from tlie letter, and whicli leads us to im- agine that the douf^hty old warrior, roiij^hly tellinj( his tale fo lotii^ after, was ieareely jiid to hinileK in fomc cjf the motives which he intimates. The letter thus narrates it [|). 93], fayinfj nothinj; about " knockin;^ on the head " for "example," which would have been a moft unlikely procedure where the aim was to fecure "the like to ours": " We left twf> old (quaws that were not able to march ; ^{ave them victuals enouj^h for one week of their own corn boiled, and a litle of our prouifions, and buried their di-ad, and left them clothes enough to keep them warme, and left the wigwams for them to lye in, — gave them orders to tell theire friends how kind we were to them, — bidding them doe the like to ours." 55 I 7.1 I tliofc Indians that came with him were formerly Kin^ Philips Mi'ii, and that he had met with tlinii in ritilips Wai, and chew them oil* (Vom him, to ti;^d»t for \\\v /•iui^/i/h a^ainll the laid I'/ii/if) and his AlVoeiates, who then |)rom- id'd him to fi/^ht lor the I'lni^lijli as lon^ as tlu-y had one J'ju-my left; and (aid, that they did not (juellion l)iit be- fore Indian Corn was ripe to have I'/ii/ips head, notwith- flandin^ he had twiee as many men as was in their Country ; and that they had kili'd and taken one tiioulanil tiiree hun- dred and odd of Philips Men, Women & Children, and Philip himfelf, with feveral other Sachems, C:fc, and that they Ihould tell lldLins & Worunibo^ 'I'hat if they had a mind to fee their Wives & Children they fh(»uld eome to Wills (iarrifon, and that there they mi«^ht hear of them, dr'r.'"' Maj. Church havin<( done, Mov'd ivith all his Forces down to A/cf/uoy/,^'"' where the tranf|)orts were (but in the way fome of his Souldiers threatned the /;/- clian man Prilbner, very much, fo that in a thick Swamp he gave them the (lip and got away) and when they all got on board the tranfport; the Wind being fair made the befl of their way for Wi?itcr I fardonr^^^^'' and the next »"'' The Ifltcr fays [p. 93] : — known Kn^Iitli name for tlie "Pool" " Alfo, if tliey were fo jj j ?. Mc. i: 26) i'uyn it iwi " Kcturned in that day, and one was " fo called alter an ancient inhabi- more, to our veffells at Maci/uait." tant there by the name of Winter." [IbitL] Hut Jolm Winter lived at Kichman's 107 Wititer-flarbor was the carlieft Kland, or at the mouth of the 6'/«r7v»«*. 56 71) Morniii;;"" hi-forc day, and as loon as the day a|>p('arM tln-y dilcovcrrd loiiu' Snjokis ri(in;( l«)vvar(ls SiunuitHs (iairi- fon:'"'' I Ir ininu'diatcly li'iU away a Si-oiil olW.n Mrn, and lollovvM prclcntly with tlic whoU' body;"" the Scout coming mar a Kivrr difeoviTed the ICneniy to l)e on the othiT lide of the lT7 ) ; the ininie (.(' W iiitrr llarhur." lili/aheth (ni. i6«>7, Andriw Haley, of ""* 'I'liih would ap|)ear to liave been Kittery) j Mary (ni. l'ud(iin^;ton) ; Kc- Widiiijday, 17 .SV//. 'i'lu: fort wan l)ec(:a (m, Hillinj^s) ; Sanuicl, (b. i6Sy. ) taken on Sunday; Monday "and one [ Savage's ^»'«//. Did. iv:.u; T'oHonrs more" l)rou;,'hl llieni lo Min/iioil, and /////. S/irvyS(itinmoii{Sttnuiiiii», Siit»iinon(/ } upon the riiiei, making; filli and f>lher WUH born 1640; m. Kli/abeth, dau. of prouifions, viz. old Uony and his crue, Donn'nicus Jordan, of .S'/«/-:^///X- ,• lived — about 40, in all." \lbi(l, |>. 94.] at KUtcry J'oint and Cape I'orpoil'e "■' In the letter, Capt. Church rcpre- 8 57 [73] run/^'^ whc left their Canoo's and Provifions to ours;"'' and old Doney^^'' and one Thotnas Baker an EngliJJi Man who was a Prilbner amongft them, were up at the Falls and heard the Guns fire, expe6ted the other Indians were come to their Afliftance, fo came down the River in a Canoo, but when they perceived that there was EngliJ/i as well as Indians, old Doney run the Canoo a Ihore, and ran over Bake7'-s head and followed the reft, and then Baker came to ours; and gave an account of the Bever hid at Pejepfcot plain : and coming to the place where the plunder was, the Major lent a Scout to Pejepfcot Fort, to fee if they could make any difcovery of the Enemies Tracks, or could dif- cover any coming up the River; who return'd and faid they faw nothing but our old Tracks at faid Fort, &c}^^ fents the enemy as being all upon the other fide. He fays : — "The enemie being on the othei fide the riuer, ours could not come at them : they made Ihot at them : killed one Dicks, a baco [Mr. Drake I'uggefts yl^wct* (the largeft of the Bahamas) ; but is Scbago (a nearer and fo likelier word) impoflible .''] man, and got him on fhore : 2 more men lank in the riuer : fome of ours fwam ouer the riuer, took their cannoos and plunder." [/<^/V/.] ll!* The letter ftates that " at this fcir- milh Lt. Ilunniwell was lliot thorrow the thigh." {^Ibid.'] This was Richard Hunniwell, concerning whofe famous adventures as an Indian killer, fee Mc. Hijl. Coll. iii : 144-148. 114 "There we took a pretty deale of powder, fliot and lead, and other plun- der, and 8 or 9 cannoos." [/^/rf.] '••'' Thomas Baker, Folfom fays (on the authority of the Scarborough rec- ords), was "an inhabitant of Scarbo- rough, in 1681." [//{/?• Saco, 194.] Willis [//{/?. Portland, 286] enumerates among thofe taken prifoners by the In- dians, at the fall of Falmouth, 20 May, 1690, "Thomas Baker (a boy)." 116 *( xhe man we took from them at Salco, told us that the enemie from Cape Sables and all quarters were looked for by that time to rendevouze att Pechepfcutt : alio that he knew that the enemie had brought beauer and other goods to Pechepfcutt Plaine, and hid them : he fuppofed it was a gratuity for the eaftward Indians : alio, that he 5* L74] Now having got fome Plunder,"' One of the Captains faid it was time to go home, and feveral others were of the fame mind; and the Major being much difturb'd at the Motion of theirs, expe6ting the Enemy would come in a very Ihort time where they might have a great advantage of them, &c. Notwithflanding all he could fay or do, he was oblig'd to call a Council, accord- ing to his [74] Initru6lions, wherein he was out-voted. The faid Commander feeing he was put by of his inten- tions profer'd if 60 Men would Hay with him he would not imbark as yet; but all that he could fay or do could not prevail;"^ then they Mov'd to the Veflcls and Imbark'd, and as they were going in the VefTels on the back fide of Mayr-point they difcovered 8 or 9 Canoo's, who turn'd fliort about, and went up the River; being the fame In- dians that the Major expe6ted, and would have waited for; and the aforefaid Captain being much difturb'd at what the Major had faid to him, drew oft' from the Fleet, and in the Night run aground;"^ in the Morning Ajti/iony himfplfe knew within half a mile where der : of w'^ich a pretty deale of powder it was hid. This made us alter our and fliot" Letter \^Ibid.'\ former intention ; anc'. took s : — dro-ws'\ was fon of James, (who was "We embarked and can. e to Cape fon of Samuel, and was born probably Neddicke, the ...ad day, and marched in Saco, 1635, and who married Sarah, with about 200 men, (all we had fitt for dau. of Michael Mitton, and Margaret fervice,) to Wells : Sent a fcout the next ,) and furvived his father, who day to Salco and Winter Harbour, — removed to Bofton and died in 1704. about 24 miles : made no difcoverie of [Savage's Gen. Di. [Drake's Hi/l. crvkii deXuHon [yfinioT {Hifi. Dtixbtir), Bojion, i: 499; Drake's Witchcraft 215) wrongly fays it was his fon John; Delujton in Nevj England, iii : 26; but the documents call him "John Al- Alden's American Epitaphs, iii: -66.] din, Senior, of Bofton, Marriner,"] in ^'■^'^ Capt. Alden lived on an alley 1692, and was committed to jail, but leading from Cambridge to Sudbury ran away, and was ultimately cleared, Streets, from him called Alden's Lane, in 1693, "by proclamation, none ap- and, fince 1846, Atden Street; now the pearing againll him." He died in headquarters of lefs ufeful perfons. Bofton, 14 March, 1702, eet. 82, leaving [Drake's Ui^. Bojion^ i : 500.] 67 [77] Convcrfc returned back into Town, .and the faid Church went over to Roxbnry\ and at the Tavern he met with Stephen Braton^'^^ of Rhode-IJlamU a Drover; who was ghul to lee him the laid Churchy and he as ^^lad to lee his Nei^dihoiir: wliereupon Maj. Church call'd lor an Eighl- Pcjiy Tankard of drink, and let the faid Braton know his circumftances, ask'd him whether he would lend \)\n\ Forty Shilliugs? He anfwcred. Yes: Forty Pounds, if he wanted it. So he thank'd him, and faid, he would have but Forty Shillings', which he freely lent him: and prefently after Major Church was told that his Brother Caleb Church '^"'' of Watcrtown was coming with a fpare Ilorfe for him, hav- ing heard the Night before that his Brother was come in; by which means the faid Maj. Church got home. And for all his travel & expences in railing Souldiers, and Service done, never had but 14/. of Plymouth Gentlemen, & not a Peny of Bojlon'. notwithftanding he had wore out all his Clothes, and run himfelf in debt, fo that he was oblig'd to Sell half a-lhare of Land in Tiverton for about 1'* Stephen Brayton was fon of Fran- cis, of Portfmouth, R.-I. ; freeman, 1678 ; on the grand jury, 1687 ; married, 8 March, 1679, Ann, dau. of Peter Tol- man, of Newport, and had Mary, Eliz- abeth, Ann, Preferved, and Stephen. [Savage's Gen. Didl. i: 240; R.-I. Col. liec. iii : 4, 233.] 13* Caleb Church appears to have been the fixth child of Richard — being the youngeft fon of at leaft nine children, as Benjamin was the oldeft; admitted freeman 4 March, 1689- 1690; kept a tavern from 1686 to 1711 [fee Drake's Book of the Indians, p. 263] ; lived firft in Dedham, and afterwards in Water- town ; Reprefentative, 1713; married, 16 Dec, 1667, Joanna, dau. of William Sprague, of Hingham ; had eight chil- dren, viz.: Richard, Ruth, Lydia, Caleb, Jofliua, Ifaac, and Rebecca. The laft two were twins ; and, after giving them birth, their mother died, 11 July, 1678. [Bond's Htyi. Waterto-wn, 158; N. E. Hijl. & Gen. Reg. xi : 154; Part I. of this edition, p. xxx.] 68 [77] 6o /. which is now worth 300 /. more and above than what he hacl.'^« Having not been at home lonwif/V«t'/ of " the Indian killer"; and commanding the Yorkfhire militia; was was himfelf murdered by the favages. Judge of the Common Pleas when he with circumftances of great atrocity, was (hot by the Indians, 14 July, 1697, 6 0(5l., 1703 [Savage fays 1703, South- ast.6$. [Savage's Gen. Di6i. ii : 210; gate's Hijl. Scarborough fays 1713]. Williamlbn's Hiji. Me. i: 674; N. E. He married Sarah, dau. of Nathaniel Hijl. (& Gen. Reg. iii : 249-262.] Adams (fee note 11^, anie). [Savage's ^^ See note 97, anie. Gen. Z>/V?. ii : 499; Folfom's 7//^?. Saco, '^^'^ Richard Hunnhvell was fon of p. 182; N. E. Hi/i. d Gen. Reg.ni: 25; Roger, who lived on Parker's neck. Me. HiJi. Coll, iii : 144-48.] near the entrance to the Pool, Saco; ^^ See note 130, ante. was of Black Point, 1681 ; Enfign, 1680; l*** See note 90, ante. Lieut., 1689; was put by Church 'n 77 [8i] hopes when I came from thence^ that thofe that were fo dejiroits to have my room^ wo7ild have been very brisk in my abfcnce to have got them/elves fome Ho7ionr, luhich they very much gapped after ^ or elfe they would not have fpread fo many fa If e reports to defame me. Which had I known before, I left the Bank, I would have had fatisfaflion of them. Your Honour was pleafcd to give me fome fmall account before I left the Bank, of fome things that were ill refented to you, concerning that Eaflward Expedition, which being rowled home like a Snow-ball thro* both Colonies, was got to fuch a bignefs that it over-fliadow'' d me from the Influence of all comfort, or good acceptance amongfl my friends in my fourney homeward. Biit thro' Gods good- nefs am come home finding all well, and my fclf in good Health, hoping that thofe Reports will do me that favotir, to quit me from all other Pub lick AHion : That fo I may the more peaceably & quietly wait tipon God, and be a com- fort unto my own Family in this dark time of trouble, being as on that is ^^^ hid, till His Indignation is over pafi : I fJiall take it as a great favour to hear of your Honours well- fare. Subfcribing my f elf as I am. Sir, Your mofl affured Friend and Servant. Benjamin Church. [8i] Major Church did receive after this, Anfwers to his Let- ters, but hath loft them, except it be a Letter from feveral of the Gentlemen in thofe parts in June following: which is as followeth. i«» Southwick's edition omits " that is." 78 [8i] Portfmouth June 29 1691. Major Benj. C/mrc/i. Sir, '\7' Our former rcadinefs to cxpofe yo2ir fclf in the Service ■*• of tlu Country agai^ifl the Common Enemy \ and par- ticularly the late Obligations "" you have laid npo?: us in thefe Eajlern parts, leaves 7is under a deep & grateful fenfe of your favotir therein'. And forafmuch as you xvcre plea fed when lail here, to fignifie your ready inclination to further Service of this kind, if occafionflwuld call for it; We there- fore prefume co7ifidently to promife our felves complyance accordingly, and havefent this Meffenger on purpofe to you, to let you know that notwithflanding the late overture of Peace the Enemy have approved themfelves as perfidious as ever, and are almofl daily killi^ig and deflroying upon all our Frontiers', The Governour & Cotmcil of the Maflachu- fetts have been p leafed to Order the Raifing of 1^0 Men to be forthwith difpatcJCd into thefe parts', and as we under- fiand have Writ to your Governour & Council of Plymouth for further Affiflance, which we pray you to promote, hoping if you can obtain about 200 Men Englifh & Indians, to vifit them at fome of their Head-quarters up Kenebeck River, or elfe-where, which {for want of ncceffaries^ zuas omitted lafl Year, it may be of great advantage to us: We offer nothing of advice as to what Methods are mofl proper to be taken in this affair, your acquaintance with our Circzim- 161 This perhaps refers to the contri- them, from the committee of which butions, which had before this reached Church was a member. [8.] Jlanccs as ivcll as the Enemies^ will cllrcn yon therein^ Wc leave the Condnf? thereof to your oiun difcrction : Ihtt that the want of Provifion., &c. may be no Rcmora to your Mo" tion, you may pleafe to know Mr. GcafFord "'■' One of our principal Inhabitants noiv reftdi7i(; in Bodon, hath promifed to take care to fipply to the value of two or three hundred Pounds, if occafion require: We pray a few lines by the bearer to f^ive us a profpefl of what we may expefl for our further Encouragement, and remain, Sir, Your Obliged Friends and Servants, Will. Vaughan Charles Froft William Fernald >«« Francis Hooke ^^ Nathanael Fryer Robert Elliott. '" Richard Martyn '«^ John Wincol '«^ A True Copy of the Origifial Letter \ which Letter was prcfented to me by Capt. Hatch,'''® who came Exprefs. 18'^ I find no trace of this man, un- a bricklayer, admitted to inhabit at lefs he were William Giflbrd, who was Bofton 28 Feb., 1654. [Drake's Ilijl. 163 Francis Hooke was fon of Hum- Eng. ; lived at Klttery, Me.; was Mag- phrey. Alderman of the city of Brillol, iftrate, 1666 ; Captain ; Treafurer of 164 Richard Martin {Martins) was at feer " of John Cutt's will, 6 May, 1680; Portfmouth, N.ll.; was made "over- had the firft place in "the front feat iw yohn Wincol ( Wincoln, Wincall, of Watertown ; freeman there 6 May, Win/iell, Winkle) was fon of Thomas, 1646; fele«5lman, 1649, 56,61,62; Depu- 166 William Fernald v/vi^eXAt^ ion oi fometimes wrote it, Renald), who was Reginald (or, as he himfelf, at least, the firft furgeon among the New-Hamp- ^^"^ Robert Eliot {Eliott, Elliot, mouth, 1660; of Cafco, before 1670; of Elliott) feems to have been of Portf- Scarborough foon after, where he was 168 Philip Hatch, who was freeman, 1652, York, Me., or one of his fons? [Savage's Gen. Did, ii: 375.] 80 [8.] Maj. Church fent them his Anfwer: the Contents where- of was, That he had jjjonc often enou'ii^''^ Government: Major Walley^''^ bein^ at tnin Sherburn, and Captuin W'ultvn (CoMVcrs lying SieJte all Suinmor 'lad this to make him yet more Sic/t tiiat he coulil have no part in thele Ai'tions) who landing; at Mucijiioit, marched up to Pechypfiot, but not finding nny figns of the enemy, marclnul doxvn again. While the Commandm were waiting Ajhore till the Soldiers were got aboard, fuch great Numbers of Indians poured in upon them, that tho' the Com- manders wanted not for Courage or Condu«3t, yet they found themfelves obliged, with much ado, (and not with- out the Death of worthy Captain S/ier- burn) to retire into the VeflTels which then lay aground. Here they kept pelt- ing at one another all Night; but unto little other purpofe than this, which was indeed Remarkable, That the Enemy was at this time going to take the Iflc of Shoalcs, and no doubt had they gone they would have taken it, but having exhaufled all their Ammunition on this Occafion, they defifted from what they defigned." [Magnalia, Book VII : 77.] "« Sir William Phips {Phipfs) was fon of James, gunfmith, from Briftol, Eng. ; was born at what is now Phipf- burg. Me.; became a fhip-carpenter; married Mary, widow of John Hull (not the mint-mafter) ; with her money fet up a Ihipyard at Sheepfcot, and then in Bof- ton when " driven in " by Indian hoftili- ties; thence went to fea, 1677; at the Bahamas heard of the wreck of a Span- ifh treafure-laden galleon, and went to England ami oJlcred his fervices to the king to recover tho gold; his project was approved, and h',* went to the fpot with two frigates in 1683; failed for want of proper innruments; returned to England, and perfuaded Monk, Duke of Albemarle, to furnilh him for the work again ; went back, filhed up £300,- 000, of which £16,000 fell to him, and he was knighted by James II., 28 June, 1687; Andros made him Sherift' of New England; joined Second Church, 8 March, 1690; May, 1690, conducted the attack on Nova Scotia ; was chofen Afliftant, projected the filly expedition, in the Auguft following, againft Que- bec ; went to London, 1691, was ap- pointed Governor on Increafe Mather's recommendation ; arrived back 14 May, 1692 ; fandtioned the witchcraft delu- fion in 1693, flogged Colledlor William Brenton, and, 1694, caned Capt. Short of the Nonfuch Frigate, and, through the trouble thence arifing, was recalled to London, where he died 18 Feb., 1695, and was buried in St. Mary, Woolnoth, in Lombard St., where John Newton lies. [Savage's Gen. Di^. iii : 420; Palfrey's Hiji. N. E. iii: 590; Hutch- infon's Hi^. Ma/s. ii : 76; Sparks's Amer. Biog. vii : 5-102 ; Mather's Mag- nalia, Book II : 15-75.] I'l See note 24, ante. 8a 82 I Jiojlon, was rcuiucllcd by his Excellency to treat with Maj. Church about jLifoinj^ Kail with him. Maj. WalUy cominpf home, did as defired; and to incoura^j^e the (aid Maj Churchy told him, That now was the time to have recom- pencc for his former Province of the Maflachufetts-Bay in New-England. To Benjamin Church Gcfit. Greeting. *' T^ Epoling fpecial Truft and Confidence in your Loy- ■*-^ * alty, Courage and good Condu6l. I do by thefe * prefents Conftitute & Appoint You to be Major of the *■ feveral Companies of Militia, detached for their Majefty's * Service againft their French and Indian Enemies. You * are therefore Authorized and Required in their Majefty's * Names, to difcharge the duty of a Major, by Leading * Ordering and Exercifing the faid feveral Companies in 83 [83] Arms, both Inferiour Officers & Souldiers, keeping them in good Order & Difcipline, Commanding them to Obey you as their Major: And diligently to intend the faid Service, for the profecuting, purfuing, killing and deflroy- ing of the faid Common Enemy. And your felf to ob- ferve and follow fuch Orders & Directions as you Ihall from time to time Receive from my Self, according to the Rules & Difcipline of War, purfuant to the Truft repofed in you for their Majefty's Service. Given under my Hand and Seal at Bojlon^ the Twenty-fifth day of July 1692. In the Fourth Year of the Reign of our Soveraign Lord & Lady William and Mary, by the Grace of GOD King & Qiieen of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c. WILLIAM PHIPS, By his Excellency''^ Command, Ifaac Addington, Seer. Returning home to the County aforefaid, he foon raifed a fufficient Number of Volunteers both EngliJJt & Indians and Officers fuitable to Command them, March'd them down to Bojlon. But there was one thing I would [83] juft mention; which was. That Maj Church being ftiort of Money, was forc'd to borrow Six Pounds in Mone}' of Lieut. Woodman ^^^ in Little Compton, to diftribute by a 112 'John Woodman, of Little Comp- oldefl:fon,Thomas, married Woodman's ton, perhaps fon of John, a prominent fecond daughter, Edith. \^R.-I. Col. citizen of Newport; Church bought Rec.'\\\'. 106,150,168,185,231; Parti, land of him, 30 0(ft., 1702; and his of this work, pp. xxxiii. xliv.] 8.1. [83] Shilling, and a Bit'^^ at a time to the hidian Souldiers; who without fuch Allurements would not have March'd to Bojlon. This Money Major Church put into the hands of Mr. William Fobcs^"^^ who was going out their Commiffary in that Service, who was order'd to keep a juft accompt of what each Indian had that fo it might be fubdu6led out of their wages at their return home. Coming to Bojlon, his Excellency having got things in a readinefs, they Em- bark'd on board their tranfports, his Excellency going in Perfon with them, being bound to Pemequid'.^^^ But in their way ftop'd at Ca/co, and buried the bones of the dead People there,^'^ and took off the great Guns that were there ; then Vv^ent to Pemequid : ^" Coming there his Excellency ask'd Maj. Church to go a-fhore & give his judgment about Erecting a Fort there ? He anfwer'd, That his Gen- 113 ^^ Bitt, a piece of filver in Barba- does current at feven pence half-penny. \_Bailey.'\ The name was applied later, efpecially at the South, to the nine- fence, or one-eighth of a dollar. [Bart- lett's Dictionary of AmericaniJ'ms, 33.] Mr. Drake fays it w&^ytxjftence. {^Church, (ed. 1827,) 209.] !''•• See note 242, Part I. 175 '■'■ Pemaquid, like Acadia., appears to have been of indefinite extent ; but under this general name there feems to have been embraced, at a later date, Monhegan, and its companion, the iflet of Monanis, the clufter of the Damar- ifcove iflands, and territory fomewhat beyond the limits of the peninfula of Pemc juid proper." [il/e. Hiji. Coll. v : 181.] "The river of Pemaquid is ten miles eaft oi Damarifcotta. There is a large bay through which we pafs to en- ter Pemaquid harbor or river. The bay is full of iflands, the greater part of which are fettled. The fort, called Fort George, was on a point at the mouth of the river, and on the eaft fide of it. The remains of the fortrefs are there at this day (1795)." [Sullivan's Hiji. Diji. Me. 35.] ii" That is the bones of thofe — over 100 perfons — who had been deftroyed there by the favages under the Sieur Hertel, 17 May, 1690. [Holmes's An- nals, i : 431 ; Belknap's HiJl. N. Hamp. i : 257-9 ; Hutchinfon's HiJl. Mafs. i : 353-] m This was early in Auguft, 1692. [Afe. HiJi. Coll. V : 282.] 85 [83] ius did not incline that way, for he never had any value for them, being onlyNefts for Deftru6lions : '^^ His Excellency faid. He had a fpecial Order from their Majeftics King William and Queen Mary to Ere6t a Fort there, &c. Then they went a-fhore and fpent fome time in the pro- jection thereof.^^^ Then his Excellency told Maj. Church that he might take all the Forces with him, except one Company to flay with him and work about the Fort; the Major anfwered that if his Excellency pleas'd he might keep two Companies with him, and he would go with the reft to Penob/cot, and Places Adjacent. Which his Ex- cellency did, and gave Maj. Church his Orders: which are as followeth. 118 Recall Church's previoufly ex- preffed opinions in regard to the forts at Mount Hope and Pocaffet [pp. 25, 47, Part I.] 119 This fort was built of over 2000 cartloads of ftone, in a quadrangular figure, 737 feet in circumference outfide the outer wall, and 108 feet fquare with- in the inner walls. The fouthern wall, fronting the fea, was 22 feet high, and more than 6 feet thick at the ports, which were 8 feet from the ground. The great flanker or round tower at the weft end of the fouthern wall was 20 feet high ; the wall on the eaft line 12 feet high; that on the north 10 feet, and on the weft 18. It had 28 ports, and 18 guns mounted, fix of which were eighteen-pounders. The ftrudture ftood back 20 rods from high-water mark, and was garrifoned by 60 and Ibmetimes 100 men. [^Magnalia, Book VII: 81; Me. Hijl. Coll. v: 282.] This fort was not intended to operate againft Indians merely, but againft piratical rovers who infefted the fea, and againft the French, who intended repolTeffion. That which Maj. Andros had built in 1677, ^"^ which the In- dians took in 1690, was a mere ftock- ade; "un Fort, qui n'etoit k la verity que de pieux, mais alTez regulierement conftruit." [Charlevoix, Nouv. France, i:SS7.] 86 [S4] By his Excellency Sir William Phips Knight^ Captain General and Governour in Chief in and over their Majejlies Province of the Maflachufetts-Bay in New- England, &c. JnstrUCtionfli for Major Benjamin Church. 'TT THereas you are Major and fo Chief Officer of a ^ ^ ' body of Men detached out of the Militia appointed * for an Expedition againft the French & Indian Enemy; * you are duely to obferve the following Inftru6tions. * Impri. You are to take care that the Worfhip of God * be duely & conftantly maintained and kept up amongft ' you, and to fuffer no Swearing, Curfing, or other pro- * phanation of the Holy Name of God; and as much as in * you lyes to deter and hinder all other Vice amongft your * Souldiers. ' 2ly. You are to proceed with the Souldiers under your * Command to Penodfcot, and with what privacy & undif- * coverable Methods you can, there to Land your men, ^ and take the beft meafures to furprize the Enemy. * 2fly. You are by killing, deftroying, and all other means * poffible to endeavour the deftru6lion of the Enemy in * purfuance whereof, being fatisfyed of your Courage & * Condu6t, I leave the fame to your difcretion. ' ^ly. You are to indeavour the taking what Captives * you can either Men, Women or Children, and the fame * fafely to keep and convey them unto, me. [84] * c^ly. Since it is not poffible to judge how affairs may * be circumftanced with you there, I ffiall therefore not 87 [84] ^ limit your return, but leave it to your Prudence, only * that you make no lonf^cr flay than you can improve for ' advantage againfl the Enemy, or may reafonably hope ' for the fame. *6/v. You are alfo to take care and be very induftruous * by all polFible means to find out and deftroy all the Ene- * mies Corn, and other Provifions in all Places where you * can come at the fame. * 7/j/. You are at your return from Penob/cot and thofe * Eaftern Parts, to make all difpatch hence for Kenebeck '• River, and the Places Adjacent, z. id there profecute all * advantages againfl the Enemy as aforcfaid. * 8/j/. If any Souldier, Officer or other fhall be difobe- * dient to you as their Commander in Chief, or other their * Superiour Officer, or make or caufe any Mutiny, commit * other offence or diforders, you fhall call a Council of ' War amongfl your Officers, and having tryed him or * them fo ofTending, infli6t fuch punifhment as the merit * of the offence requires. Death only excepted, which if * any fhall deferve, you are to fecure the perfon, and fig- ' nify the Crime unto me by the firfl opportunity. Given under my hand this i \th day ^ Auguft, 1692. WILLIAM PIIIPS. Then the Major and his Forces embark'd and made the befl of their way to Penob/cot) and coming to an Ifland in thofe Parts ^®° in the evening, landed his Forces at one end IM Seven Hundred Acre IJland. [Williamfon's Hiji. Me. i : 71, 636.] 88 [84] of the laid Ifland: Then the Major took part of his Forces " and mov'd toward Day to the other end of the faid Ifland, where they found two French Mcn^ and their Families in their Jioufes; and that one or both of them had Indian Women to their Wives, and had Ciiildren by them. The Major prefently examining the French men, Where the Indians were .'^ They told him. That there was a great company of them upon an Ifland jufl by:'*^' and fhowing him the Ifland, prefently difcover'd feveral of them. Maj. Church and his Forces Hill keeping undifcovcr'd to them, ask'd the French men where their palfing Place was? Which they readily ihew'd him; fo prefently placed an Ambafcade to take any that fhould come over. Then fent orders for all the refl: of the Forces to come; fending them an account what he had {ii^^w & met withal; flrickly charging them to keep themfelves undifcovered by the Enemy. The Ambafcade did not lye long before an In- dian Man and a Woman came over in a Canoo to the Place for landing, where the Ambafcade was laid: who haul'd up their Canoo, and came right into the hands of our Ambafcade, who fo fuddenly furprized them that they could not give any notice to the others from whence they came; the Major ordering that none of his Ihould offer to meddle with the Canoo, left they fhould be difcovered, hoping to take the moft of them if his Forces came as order'd, he expe6ting them to come as dirc6led. But the firft news he had of them was, That they were all coming, 181 Long Ulan '. ilbid. 636.] la 89 [8s] tho' not privately [85] as ordered; but in the Veffels fair in fight of the Enemy, which foon put them all to flight; and our Forces not having Boats fuitable to purfue them, they got all away in their Canoo's, &c. (which caufed Maj Church to fay, He would never go out again without fufficient number of Whale-boats) which for want of, was the ruine of that a6lion. Then Maj. Church according to his inftru6tions rang'd all thofe parts, to find all their Corn, and carried aboard their Veflels what he thought con- venient, and defl;roy'd the refl:. Alfo finding confiderable quantities of Plunder, viz Bever & Moofe skins, &c. Having done what Service they could in thofe parts,^®^ he returned back to his Excellency at Pemequid\ ^^"^ where being come, itaid not long: they being fliort of Bread, his Excellency intended home for Bojion, for more Provifions; but before, going with Maj. Church & his Forces to Kene- beck River, and coming there, gave him his further Or- ders; which are as followeth. By his Excellency the Governour. To Major Benjamin Church. * "V/'Ou having already received former Inllru6tions, are ■*• * now further to proceed with the Souldiers under * your Command for Kenebeck River, and the Places Adja- 182 Mather fays he "took five Indians" W3 His inftradlions were to "make here ; Hutchinfon fays *' three or four." all defpatch" thence "for Kenebeck It is certain that he took but few. River " ; but in doing fo he muft natu- [^Magnalia, Book VII : 81 ; Hutchin- rally touch at Pemaquid, which lay be- fon's Hiji. Mafs. ii : 69.] tween. 90 [8s] * cent, and ule your utmoft indeavours to kill, deftroy and * take Captive the French & Indian Enemy wherefoever * you fhall find any of them; and at your return to Peme- * quid (which you are to do as foon as you can conveni- * ently; after your bell indeavoui* done againlt the Enemy, * and having dellroyed their Corn and other Provifions) ' you are to ftay with all your Souldiers and Officers, and ' fet them to work on the Fort, and make what difpatch * you can in that bulinefs, flaying there until my further ' order. WILLIAM PHIPS, Then his Excellency taking leave went for Bq/lon\^^^ and foon after Maj. Church and his Forces had a fmart fight with the Enemy in Kenebeck-^w^x^ Purfued them fo hard that they left their Canoo's & ran up into the woods, ftill purfued them up to their Fort at Taconock^"^'" which IM The witch trials were in progrefs lieved had fome influence in opening in Bofton during his abfence, and it is the Governor's eyes, and (laying the not unlikely that it was while he was delufion with its plague of blood, is not gone on this bufinefs that the incident obvious. [Hutchinfon's Hift- Mafs. ii : occurred, which Hutchinfon mentions, 61 ; Drake's Witchcraft Deliijioti, dc. on the authority of a J/5, letter; that iii : 159; Douglafs's Summary, i: 450.] Mrs. Phips, being applied to for inter- ^** Teconuet iaXXs, are on \hQ Kennebec, pofition in the cafe of a lady accufed oppofite the village of Waterville. On of witchcraft, took the refponfibility of the point of land above the confluence figning a difcharge for her, upon which of the Sebajlkook with the Kennebec, document the jailor took the refponfi- and below thefe falls, flood the old bility of fetting the accufed free, — to Teconnet fort of the Indians, here re- his own harm, it was faid. Whether ferred to, and, in 1754, Fort Halifax of this had any thing to do with that the Englifli. The fite of the fort itfelf is accufation of the Governor's lady her- in Winflow, and the block-houfe was felf as a witch, which Calef aflTerts and lately ftanding. [Williamfon's Hift. Douglafs hints, and which it was be- Me. i: 50; Minot's Htft. Mafs. i: 186.] 9» [86] the Enemy perceiving fet fire to their Houfcs in the Fort, and ran away by the light of them, and when Maj. CImrch came to the faid Fort found about half their Houfcs Hand- ing and the rell burnt; alfo found great quantities of Corn, put up into Indian Cribs, which he and his Forces de- ftroyed, as ordered. Having done what Service he could in thofe parts returned to Pemcquid^ and coming there imploy'd his Forces according to his Inftru6tions: '^'^ being out of Bread, his Excellency not coming, Maj. Church was oblig'd to borrow Bread of the Captain of the Man of War that was then there, for all the Forces under his Command, his Excellency not coming as expe6ted. But at length his Excellency came and brought very little Bread more than would pay what was borrowed of the Man of War: So that in a fhort time after Maj. Church with his Forces return'd home to Bojlon^ and had their Wages for their good Service done. Only one thing by the way I will but juft mention, that is, about the Six Pounds Maj. Chtirch borrowed as afore-mention'd, and put in-[86]to the hands of Mr. Fodes, who diftributed the faid Money, all but 30 s. to the Indian Souldiers as di- re6ted, which was deducted out of their Wages, and the Country had Credit for the fame; and the faid Fobes kept the 30 s to himfelf, which was dedu6ted out of his Wages. Whereupon Maj Walley and the faid Fobes had fome words. In fhort, Maj. Church was forc'd to pay the Six Pounds he borrowed out of his own Pocket, belides which 186 In the hateful bufinefs of fort-building. 92 [86] the faid Church was oblig'd to expend about Six Pounds of his own Money in Marching down the Forces both EngliJJi and Indians to Bojlon^ having no drink allow'd them upon the Road, &c. So that in flcad of Maj Church''?, having the allowances afore-mentioned by Maj. Walicyy he was out of Pocket about Twelve Pounds more and above what he had;'*^^ all which had not been, had not his Excellency been gone out of the Country.'* 188 The Fourth Expedition, EafL TN 1696. Maj Church being at Bojlon^ and belonging to •^ the Houfe of Rcprefentatives,""* feveral Gentlemen requefting him to go Eaft again, and the General Court having made A6ls of Incouragement, &c. He told them, if they would provide Whale Boats, & other necelfaries convenient, he would: Being alio requefted by the faid General Court, he proceeded to raife Volunteers, and made it his whole bufmefs Riding both Eaft and Weft in our Province ^"° and Connc^icut^ at great charge and ex- pences; and in about a Months time raifed a fufficient 187 Walley told him in the outfet (p- ^^^ I have found no trace of his ap- 83), that " the country could not give pointment as Deputy this year, on the him lefs than two or three hundred Briftol Town Records. This would pounds " ; fo that, at the lowed calcula- feem, from various confiderations, to tion, Church made a lofs of fiTS upon have been just about as he was remov- his expedlations " aforementioned." ing to Fall River. [See Part I. xxxi.] 188 He means that Gov. Phips's ab- ^s^" Plymouth and Maffachufetts Colo- fence when this fettlement took place nies had been confolidated into the new was the caufe of the wrong which he "Province of Maffachufetts Bay" by fuffered. the new Charter of 1692. 93 [86] number out of thofc Parts, and March'd them down to BoJlon\ where he had the promife tliat ever}' thing fhould be ready in three Weeks or a Months time, but was oblig'd to flay confiderable longer. Being now at Bojlon he received his Commillion and Inftru6tions; which are as followeth. William Stoughton, /i]^;"" Luuicnant Governour and Commaftdcr in Chief in and over His ATajeJlies Pro- vince of the Mairachuletts-Bay in New-England. To Major Benjamin Church, Greeting. '^\J Hereas there are feveral Companies raifed, confifling ' '^ of Englifli-Men & Indians for His Majeflies Service^ to go forth upon the Encouragement given by the Great and General Court or AJfembly of this His Majejlies Province^ conve7ted at Bofton the 2'jth Day of May 1696. to profecute the French atid Indian Enemy, &c. And yon having offered your f elf to take the command and conduct of the faid feveral Companies. By vertue therefore of the Power and Atitho- rity in and by His Majeflies Royal Commiffwn to me If'l William Stoughtouy {on oi\^x^Q,\, Charter; and became Chief-Juftice ; of Dorchefter, graduated at Harvard, died 7 July, 1701. The recall of Sir and then at Oxford, Eng. ; became a William Phips left him in chief com- preacher; is named by Calamy among mand until Bellamont's arrival in 1699. thofe ejedled ; came back, and preached He was on the witch bench, and, unlike the election fernion of 1668; became Sewall, never exprefled penitence for Seledman, Afliftarit, Commiflioner of the part he took. He built Stoughton the United Colonies; went to England Hall at Harvard. [Savage's Gen. Did. in 1677 with Bulkley as agent of the iv: 215; Palmer's iVio«cany with the Clerk of the fame^ to keep an exa6l yournal of all their proceedini^s from time to time. In cafe any of the Indian Enemy and Rebels offer to fub' mil themfelves^ you are to receive them only at difcretion. But if you think fit to improve any of them or any others which you may happen to take Prifoncrs^you may encoura^^e them to be faithful by the promife of their lives, which fJiall be (^ra n ted upo7i app roba tion of their fidt lity. [88] Vou are carefully to look after the Indians which you have out of the Prifon^^^^ fo that they may not have oppor- tunity to efcape, but otherwife improve them to what advan- tage you can, and return them back again to this place. Vou are to advife as you can have occafio7i with Capt. John Gorham ^"^ who accompanies you in this Expedition, and is to take your commaiid in cafe of your Death. A '^ In purfuance of the policy by fimilar refource. [Drake's ///^. ^o/?. i : which, in the time of Philip's war, Cor- 402 ; Part I. note 56.] nelius the Dutch pirate, and others, had '**•• yohn Gorham {Gorittn, Goram, been taken out of Bofton jail, and Gorrutn, Goarain) was fon of Capt. "allowed "to march againft the Indi- John, of Barnftable; wasborn at Marlh- ans, the Province feems now to have field, 20 Feb., 165^; was a tanner, like fwelled the ranks of its volunteers by a his father; was with his father in »3 97 [88] copy of thefe Injlrtinions yoti are to leave with him, and to give me an accovnt from time to time of your proceedings. Bofton, Auguft \2tli. 1696. Wm. STOUGHTON. In the time Maj. Church lay at Boflon, the News came of Pemequid Fort being taken,^°^ it came by a Shallop *^* that brought fome Prifoners to Boflon^ who gave account alfo that there was a French Ship at ^oMnt-Defart^^ who Philip's war; 5 June, 1690, was made captain in the Canada Expedition, and was afterwards Lieut. Col. ; later was much employed as a conveyancer; died 9 Dec, 1716, and lies buried at the N.E. corner of the Unitarian meetinj^-houfe in Barnftable. He married, 24 Feb., 167I, Mercy, daughter of John Otis ; had John, Temperance, Mary, Stephen, Shubael, John, Thankful, Job, Mercy ; left a real eftate of £2000, and perfonal of £322. [Otis's Hift, Barnjiable, i : 217-222.] l*» The French conceived that Fort William Henry, at Pcmaquid, had im- portance in controlling the weftern portion of Acadia, and determined to reduce it. Iberville was fent from Qiie- bec with two Ihips of war, with arrange- ments to co-operate with Villebon and 50 Mickmacks, and Caftine with 200 of his favages ; on the way, met and cap- tured one of an Englifli fleet, and then inverted and attacked Pemaquid. The fort was at the time in command of Capt. Pafcoe Chubb (of Andover), who had Ihown his incompetence by treachery toward fome Indian envoys in the pre- vious February ; and was balely furren- dered without any determined effort at defence, — though Charlevoix fuggefts, through the cowardice of the garrifon compelling the captain againft his will, — 15 July, 1696. The fort was moftly demolillied, after a hiftory of four years fully juftifying Church's fcru- ples in the beginning. Chubb was cafliiered, and was not forgotten by the Indians, who fucceeded in murdering him and his wife Hannah (Faulkner) at Andover, 5 March, 1698. [William- fon's Hijl. Me. i: 642-4; Hutchinfon's Hijl. Mafs. ii: 88; Charlevoix's Hiji. Nonv. France, iii : 260-2 : Abbott's HiJi. Andover, 43.] ^^ Hutchinfon fays it was " a French fhallop belonging to St. John's, with 23 foldiers under Villeau, their captain." {_niji. Mafs. ii: 91.] 196 Mount Defert Illand lies juft eaft of the debouchure of Union river, — fay 25 miles eaft of the centre of Penob- fcot Bay, and is the largeft ifland in the State, being 15 miles long by about 7 in mean width, and containing fome 60,000 acres. A third part of this fhoots up into 13 high and rugged peaks, vifi- ble 20 leagues at fea, and giving to it its French name, Alonts Deferts (the defolate mountains — not, as Mr. Drake 98 [88] had taken a Ship of ours; '^^ fo the difcourfe was that they would fend the Man of War,^^^ with other Forces to take the faid French Ship and retake ours. But in the mean time Maj. Ckurc/i and his Forces being ready, imbark'd, and on the 15th day of Augujl fet Sail for Pifcataqua, where more Men were to joyn them (but before they left Bojlon, Maj CImrch difcours'd with the Captain of the Man of War, who promifed him, if he went to Mount- Defart in purfuit of the faid French Ship, that he would call for him and his Forces at Pifcataqua^ expe6ling that the French & Indians might not be far from the faid French Ship, fo that he might have an opportunity to fight them while he was ingag'd with the French Ship:) Soon after the Forces arrived at Pifcataqua the Major fent his Indian Souldiers to Col. Gidney^^^ at York,^'^^ to be affift- fuggefts, named by Champlain in honor the government on Andros's overthrow ; of De Monts). was named as Counfellor in the new 19'' The " Ihip of ours " was the New- charter; 1690, commanded in the French port, Capt. Paxton, which was cruifing and Indian Expedition; 3 Odt., 1692, off the Bay of Fundy (to intercept was made Judge of Probate for Effex French ftores fuppofed to be on their County ; fame year was made Judge of way from Qiiebec to Villebon) with the Court of Com. Pleas for the fame Coun- Sorlings, Capt. Eames, and the Pro^- ty. He was conftantly engaged in civil ince tender. The two latter efcaped in and military life until his death, 23 a fog. Iberville refitted the Newport, Feb., 169I. He married Hannah Clark, and took her with him to help reduce and had Jonathan, Bartholomew, Han- Pemaquid. nah, Lydia, Bethia, Deborah, Samuel, '9* The Sorlings. Deborah and Martha (twins), Prifcilla, 199 Bartholomew Gedney {Gidney) and Ann. He was one of the feven was fon of John, of Salem; was bap- " witch " judges. [Savage's Gen.Didl. tized 14 June, 1640; became a pra(5lif- ii : 240; Walhburn's Judicial Hijl. ingphyfician; freeman, 1669; 1680-83, MaJ's. 141, 147.] Affiftant and Counfellor; joined Brad- 200 <« 16 Aug., 1696, Col. Gedney ftreet and others when they alTumed marches with 460 of his regiment for 99 [88] ing for the defence of thofe Places; who gave them a good Commend for their ready & willing Services done, in Scouting, and the like Lying at Pifcataqua with the relt of our Forces near a Week, waiting for more Forces who was to joyn them to make up their complement; ^''^ in all which time heard never a word of the Man of War. On the 22d oi Augujl they all imbark'd from Pifcataqua^ and when they came againft York, the Major went a fhore, fending Capt. Gorliam with fome Forces in the two Brig- anteens and a Sloop to Winter Harbour, ordering him to fend out Scouts to fee if they could make any difcovery of the Enemy, and to wait there till he came to them: Maj. Church coming to York, Col. Giclney told him his opinion was, That the Enemy was drav.n off from thofe parts, for that the Scouts could not difcover any of them, nor their Tracks. So having done his bufinefs there, went with what Forces he had there to Winter Harbour, where he had the fame account from Capt. Gorham, That they had not difcovered any of the Enemy, nor any new Tracks: So concluding they were gone from thofe Parts towards Penobfcot\ the Major ordered all the Veffels to come to Sail and make the beft of their way to Monhegin^^^ which being not far from Penobfcot^^ where the main body of Kittery. He is accompanied by a troop George's Iflands, 5 leagues E. S. E. of under Capt. John Turner." [Felt's An- Townfend, and 3 leagues W. oi Metinic, nals of Salem, ii : 509.] on the coaft of Maine; and contains 201 The " complement " was 500 men. more than 1000 acres of good land, [Hutchinfon's Hijl. Mafs. ii : 91.] with a bold Ihore. [Williamfon's Hijl. 2U'^ Monkeg-an {Monckiggon, Monhig- Me. i: 61.] gon, Morattigoti) lies 9 miles S. of "^'^ It is perhaps 14 miles S. E. from 100 [89] our Enemies living was; being in great hopes to come up with the Army oi French & Indians, before they had fcat- tered and were gone paft Penobfcot or Mount-Z^r/^'r/, which is the chief place of their [89] departure from each other after fuch a6lions; and having a fair wind made the beft of our way, and early next Morning they got into Monhegin, and there lay all day fitting their Boats, and other neccflaries to imbark in the Night at MttJ/el neck^^^ with their Boats; lying there all Day to keep undifcovered from the Enemy; at Night the Major ordered the Veflels all to come to Sail and carry the Forces over the Bay near Penobfcot\ but having little Wind,*^"^ he ordered all the Souldiers to imbark on board the Boats with eight days Provifion, and fent the Veflels back to Monhegin, that they might not be difcovered by the Enemy; giving them orders when and where they fhould come to him. The Forces being all ready in their Boats, rowing very hard, got a-fhore at a Point near Penobfcot^'^^ juft as the day broke, and hid their Boats, and keeping a good look-out by Sea, and fent Scouts out by Land ; but could not dif- cover neither Canoo's nor Indians \ what Tracks and fire places they faw were judg'd to be 7 or 8 days before they Pemaquid, and 25 tniles S. W. of the thefhips; and fo, finding that the wind entrance of Penobfcot bay. was too light to make progrefs by fails, 204 I am not clear whether the refer- he put his men into the boats, and fent ence here is to a point of that name on the Ihips back. Monhegan, or to the Mti/cle Ridges, '^^ At OtuVs Head, in the N. E. cor- which is a clufter of about a dozen ner of Thomafton. [Sewall's Anc. iflands, not far off. Dom. of Me. 215; Eaton's Ht/i. Thom- 205 The boats, of courfe, were with ajlon, Rockland, and So. Thorn, i : 29.] lOI [ 89 ] . came: As foon as Night came that they might go undif- covered got into their Boats and went by Mujfel-neck^ and fo amongfl; Penobfcot Iflands,^" looking very fliarp as they went for fires on the fhore, and for Canoo's, but found neither; getting up to Mathebejlucks hills,^"^ day coming on, landed, and hid their Boats; looking out for the Ene- my, as the day before, but to little purpofe. Night coming on, to their Oars again, working very hard, turn'd the Night into Day; made feveral of their new Souldiers grumble: but telling them they hoped to come up quickly with the Enemy put new life into them; and by day-light they got into the Mouth of the River, where landing, found many Randezvous and fire Places where the Indians had been; but at the fame fpace of time, as before men- tioned. And no Canoo's palled up the River that day. Their Pilot Jofepk York^'^ inform'd the Major that 50 or 60 Miles up that River at the great Falls, the Enemy had a great Randezvous,^'" and planted a great quantity of 207 A large clufter of idands lie offin 209 Williamfon IHiJi. Me. i: 645] the mouth of Penobfcot bay. Among calls this pilot yohn York, but gives no them are Long, Seven Hundred Acre, authority for differing from Church. A Billy Job's, Marfliall's, Laffell's, Mark, family of Yorks was among the earli- Saddle, Lime, Enfign, two Moufe, eft fettlers of thefe regions, who were Spruce, and Fox illands, with fome probably defcendants of Richard, who unnamed. lived in Dover, N.H., 1648. John York 208 Thefe are Camden heights — as was one of the truftees of No. Yar- the crow flies, about lo miles N. W. mouth, 1685 ; and yatnes, Thomas, and from Owl's Head, in the town of Cam- Samuel purchafed land of the Indians, den. They are five or fix in number, in July, 1670, on the eaft fide of the An- the higheft being fome 1500 feet above drofcoggin. [Willis's Hiji. Portland, the fea level. They can be feen 20 302 ; Sullivan's Hift. Me. 146.] leagues at fea. [See Williamfon's Hifi. 2"* Suppofed to be the prefent Old- Mc. i : 95.] town, 12 miles above Bangor. I03 [9o] Corn, when he was a Prifoner with them, four Years a goe, and that he was very well acquainted there; this gave great incouraG^ement to have had fome confiderable advantage of the Enemy at that Place; fo ufing their ut- moll endeavours to get up there undifcovered: and coming there found no Enemy nor Corn Planted, they having de- ferted the Place. And ranging about the Falls on both fides of the River, leaving Men on the Eaft fide of the faid River, and the Boats juft below the Falls,^'^ with a good guard to fecure them, and to take the Enemy if they came down the River in their Canoo's: The weft fide being the Place where the Enemy lived and beft to travel on, they refolved to range as privately as they could, a Mile or two above the Falls, difcovered a birch Canoo coming down with two Indians in it, the Major fent word immediately back to thofe at the Falls to lye very clofe, and let them pafs down the Falls, and to take them alive, that he might have Intelligence where the Enemy was (which would have been a great advantage to them:) but a foolifh [90] Souldier feeing them pafling by him, fliot at them, con- trary to orders given, which prevented them going into the Ambafcado that wijs laid for them; whereupon feveral more of our Men being near, fliot at them; fo that one of them could not ftand when he got a-fhore, but crept away into the brufli, the other ftep'd out of the Canoo with his Paddle in his hand, and ran about a rod, and then threw 211 Williamfon fays they left their boats at the " Bend," in what is now Edding- ton. IHiJl. Me. i : 645.] 103 [9o] down his Paddle and turn'd back & took up his Gun, and fo efcaped: One of our Indians fwom over the River and fetch'd the Canoo, wherein was a conliderable quantity of bloud on the Scats, that the Indians fat on; the Canoo having feveral holes (hot in her: They ftopt the holes, and then Capt. Brackit'^^^ with an hidiaii Souldier went over the River, who Track'd them by the bloud about half a Mile, found his Gun, took it up, and feeing the bloud no further, concluded that he ftopt his bloud, and fo got away. In the mean time another Canoo with three Men were coming down the River were fired at by fome of our Forces, ran a-fhore and left two of their Guns in the Ca- noo, which were taken, and alfo a Letter from a Prieft to Cajlecn^^^ that gav3 him an account of the French and Indians returning over the Lake ^^^ to Mouni-Royal,^^^ and of their little Service done upon the Maquas Indians weft- ward, only demoliftiing one Fort and cutting down fome Corn, &cj^^^ He defiring to hear of the proceedings of 212 See note 120, ante. le nom de Montreal donne a I'ile ou 213 See note 34, ante. cette petite montagne eft aflife." \^Hif- 214 The Oneida or Onondaga lake. toirc dc la Col. Fran(^aife en Canada, [i New Tork Hijl. Coll. iv : 121.] i: 24.] 218 Montreal. "lis admirerent la 2I6 The Maquas {Mingos) were the beautc des alentours, comme auffi le Five Nations of the Englirti, and the cours majeftueux & la largeur du grand Iroquois of the French. The expedi- fleuve, qu'ils fuivaient des yeux au- tion to which reference is here made was tant que leur vue pouvait f'etendre; that of /'Vow/cwac, who added to all his enfin I'imp tuofit du faut ou leurs own French regulars as many Indians barques etaient reftees; ce qui fut caufe as he could colledl, and left Lachine, que Cartier, charme des' points de vue 7 July, 1696, with light batteaux for qu'il decouvrait de Xk, nomma cette river portage, &c., with a powerful force montagne le Mont-Royal, d'ou eft venu to attack the Five Nations. After 12 days' J04 [90] Deborahuel^'^'' and the French Man of War; and informed him that there were feveral Canoo's comins: with work- men from Qiiabcck^ to Saint JoJui'?,^^^ where fince we con- cluded it was to build a Fort at the Rivers Mouth, where the great Guns were taken, &c. It being juft Night, the Officers were call'd together to advife, & their Pilot York march, they arrived at Caduracqtii, and fcattered the Ouotidagas^ but only captured a little corn and a Sachein loo years old, whom they tortured in away which extorted from Charlevoix the remark, that " never was a man treated with more cruelty, nor ever did any man bear torture with greater firmnefs and magnanimity." Frontenac marched back, with no further refults for this expenfive campaign than the treacher- ous capture of 35 coniiding Oncidas, who were taken by the Chevalier Vati- drucil. [i New- Tor k Ilijl. Coll. ii : 44; iv : 121; Bancroft's lliJl. U. S. iii : 190 : Hildr^th's Hiji. U. S. ii : 193 ; Dun- lap's Hiji. New Tork, i : 227 ; Colden's HiJi. Five Ind. Nations, 188-194.] 217 This is a curious illuftration of the eafe with which names are changed by pafling from one language into another. Between Col. Church's way of pronouncing the name of this French admiral, and his fon Thomas's way of writing it, the very refpedlable D" Iber- ville was metamorphofed into the abnormal, if not neutral, certainly pe- culiar, " Deborahuel." Lemoine D' Iberville was born in Mon- treal, 1642 ; was one of feven brothers adlive in Canadian affairs; went early to fea; diftinguilhed himfelf for bravery and ability ; commanded the expedition 14 105 which recovered Fort Nelfon to the French, 1686 ; furcefsfully invaded New- foundland, and gained viii^ories in Ilud- fon's Bay, 1697 ; was reputed to be the moft fkilful naval officer in the French fervice ; was commiflloned to explore the mouth of the Miiriffippi, and failed from Rochefort for that purpofe, 1 7 OOt., 169S; entered the river, 2 March, 1670; returned to France, but was again or- dered to the river; captured Nevis, 1706; died at Havana, on board his Ihip, on the eve of an expedition againfl: Jamaica, 9 July, 1706. Hutch- infon is wrong in his note, "This was not the Iberville who laid the foun- dation of the French colony at Mil- fiflippi in 1690. He died in a year or two after that." The colony was found- ed in 1699, and D'Iberville lived feven years after that date. He was invading Newfoundland the next year after this expedition of Church, and there is no reafon to doubt that he was the admiral in command of the French fliips which captured and razed Pemaquid. [Hutch- infon's Hiji. Mafs. ii : 88 ; Ne-w Amer. Cyc. ix : 430.] 218 Saint John still ftands — as the principal city and feaport of New Brunfwick — on a rocky peninfula on the left bank of the pi(5turefque river of the name. [9'] informed them of a Fort up that River, & that it was built on a little Ifland in that River;^"'and that there was no getting to it but in Canoo's, or on the Ice in the Winter time: This with the certain knowledge that we were dif- covered by the Enemy that efcaped out of the upper Ca- noo, concluded it not proper at that time to proceed any further up, and that there was no getting any further with our Boats; and the Enemy being Alarm'd would certainly fly from them (and to do as they did four Years ago at their Fort at Taconock^ having fought them in Kariebcck River, and purfued them about 30 Miles to Taconock\^~^ for they then fct their Fort on fire, and run away by the Light of it, ours not being able to come up with them at that Place.) Maj. CImrch then incour- aging his Souldiers, told them, he hop'd they fhould meet with part of the Enemy, in Penobfcot bay, or at ^oViX\\.-Defart^ where the French Ships were. So not- withftanding they had been rowing feveral Nights before, with much toyl, befides were fhort of Provifions, they chearfully embark'd on board their Boats, and went down the River, both with and againfl the Tide: and next Morn- ing came to their Veflels, where the Major had ordered them to meet him, who could give him no intelligence of any Enemy. Where being come they refrefh'd them- felves; Meeting then with another difappointment, for their Pilot York [91] not being acquainted any further, 219 See note 210, ante. 220 gee note 185, ante. 106 L9'J they began to lament the lol's of one Robert Cazvlcy^'^ who they chiefly depended on for all the Service to be done now Eafl:war(l : he having been taken away from them the Night before they fat Sail from Bojlon (and was on board Mr. Thorps'^ Sloop) and put on board the Man of War, unknown to Maj Chitrch\ notwithftanding he had been at the charge and trouble of procuring him. Then the Major was oblig'd to one Bord^'^ procured by Mr. William Alden^^^^ who being acquainted in thofe parts, to leave his Veflel and go with him in the Boats, which he readily complyed with, and fo went to Nasket point; '^■'' where being inform'd was a likely place to meet with the Ene- my; coming there found feveral Houfing and fmall Fields of Corn, the fires having been out feveral days, and no 221 Robert Ctnvley (Cattle, Caiilic), of Pemaqiiid, took the oath of fidelity to Mafliichufetts, at the Court, 7 Oa., 1674 ; and was undoubtedly the perfon here referred to. He may have been a Ion of Thomas, who was freeman, Cambridge, 1640; was " alowed to keepe vi<5tualing in his houfe for ftrang''s " 14 May, 1645, and appears to have been at Marblehead, 167 1. {Ma/s. Col. Rec. ii : 98; v : 18; iV. ^. JHiJi. and Gen. Reg. iii : 187; Savage's Gen. Di6l. i : 350.] 222 There was a Robert Tkorpe at York, 1660; and one of that name was admoniflied by the Court " not to ad- venture too many into any boate." [Savage's Gen. Did. iv : 293; Ma/s. Col. Rec. \ : 249.] 2-'3 Ilcnry Boade {Bord, Bode, Boad) fettled at Saco before 1636; was free- man at Wells, Me., 5 July, 1653; was Jufticc there 1653; died 1657. This man of whom Church fpeaks, may have been his fon. \_N. E. Hijl. and Gen. Reg. iii: 193; Folfom's HiJl, Saco, 119.] 2-'« Capt. yohn Alden (see note 133, ante) had a fon William, born 10 Sept., 1669, who would now be 27 years old, and may have followed his father's fea- faring trade, and been a member of this expedition, as " mafter of the Brigan- teen Endeavour." [Savage's Gen. Did. i: 23.] 225 Najkeag point is the S. E. ex- tremity of the prefent town of Sedge- wick, Me. 107 [91] new Tracks. But upon Penobfcot Ifland '-**' they found Icveral Indian Iloufes, Corn «& Turnips, tho' the Enemy Hill beinnj all gone, as before mentioned. Then they di- vided and fent their Boats fome one way and fome another, thinking that if any draggling Indians^ or Cajlcen himfelf fliould be thcre-about, they might find them, but it prov'd all in vain. Ilimfcif and feveral Boats went to Mount- Dcfart^ to foe if the French Ships were gone and whither any of the Enemy might be there, but to no purpofe: The Ships being gone and the Enemy alfo. They being now got feveral Leagues to the Weitward of their Veffels; and feeing that the way was clear for their Velfels to pafs: And all their extream rowing and travelling by Land and Water, Night and Day to be all in vain. The Enemy having left thofe parts, as they judg'd about eight or ten da3's before. And then returning to their VelTels, the Commander calling all his Officers together, to confult and refolve what to do, concluding that the Enemy by fome means or other had received fome Intelligence of their being come out againft them; and that they were in no neceffity to come down to the Sea fide as yet, Moofe and Bever now being fat. They then agreed to go fo far Eaft, and imploy themfelves, that the Enemy belonging to thofe parts might think they were gone home: having fome difcourfe about going over to Saint yohf{^\ but the 226 Now called Orphan Idand, con- port, and owned by defcendants of taining some 5000 acres, and dividing an orphan, who inherited a part of the the waters of the Penobfcot into two old Waldo patent. [Williamfon's Hiji. branches. The ifland is taxed in Buckf- Me. i : 69.] - -■ ^^_--. -; _.. _ - 108 ^ -- .„.__.___._.■ ■,_-., L9'] Mailers olthc VclVcls laid, he liad as ^ood carry them to old France^ &c. which put off that deri«j;n, they concliidinp; that the French Sh'ps were there. Tlieii the Major mov'd lor ^oinuf over the Bay towards La/tane*^'' and toward the Gut of G?;/^^^,*''* wiiere was anotlicr confidcrable Fort of Indians^ who often came to the allilhuice of our Enemy, the barb.nrous Indians', fayin«jf that by the time they Ihould return again, the Enemy bclon' La Have (fee note 227, ante.') 245 Hutchinfon fays they left ^eaw ^«- 2'4't The fcruples of thofe who thought Jin, 20 Sept., 1696. \_HiJi. Mafs. ii : 94.] " he had as good carry them to old 246 jji^ ^g Mcnagonichc (given on France " as to St. John, when they were Haliburton's Map as Meogenes) lies off at Ptv/o/yco/', were probably removed by the fliore, a little W. of the entrance finding that they would now be going of the river St. John, and of the fite of near 150 miles toward home by repairing an old fort. The new fort, which Ville- thither. It feems to have made a great bon was building, was on the other (E.) difference in the valor of fome of the par- fide of the river, juft above the IJle aux ty, whether they were heading E. orW. Perdraux (now Partridge \.) 116 [94] Eaft licle of the River, the French firin<>' briskly at them, but did them no harm; and running fiercely upon the Ene- my, they foon fled into the Woods. The Major ordered a brisk party to run a crofs a Neck ^'^ to cut them oK fi"om their Canoo's, which the day before they had made a dif- covery of; fo the Commander with the reft ran dire6tly towards the New Fort they were a building, not knowing but they had fome Ordnance mounted. The Enemy run- ning dire6lly to their Canoo's was met by our Forces, who fired at them and kill'd one and wounded Corporal Cait- ton^^^ who was taken, the reft threw down what they had and ran into the woods; the faid Prifoner Canton being brought to the Major, told him, if he would let his Sur- geon drefs his wound and cure him, he would be Service- able to him as long as he liv'd: fo being drefs'd, he was Examin'd: who gave the Major an account of the Twelve great Guns which were hid in the beach below high wa- ter Mark (the Carriges, Shot and Wheelbarrows, fome Flower & Pork, all hid in the Woods:) And the next Morning the Officers being all ordered to meet together, to confult about going up the River to Vilboons Fort, Q19 ^^T The neck, apparently, between the at the Gemfcc. Ilaliburton gives the St. John and the Riviere de Cani- following paper, which defcribes mi- icc^/5 (Ilaliburton gives it Kenncbeck- niitely its condition in 1670; and which q/ts), the firft Eaitern confluent of the may be worth the fpace it will occupy as former above its mouth. hinting the fafhion of thefe Indian forts, 248 It would be a hopelefs tafk to con- and their fittings in the earlier days : jei5ture what French name Wes jterdii "Inventory. — i. At the entering in under this cognomen. of faid Fort, on the left hand we found '•^■*'' The fort which was the headquar- a court of guard about 15 paces long, ters of Villebon was up the St. John and lo broad, having, upon the right 117 [95] and none amongft them being acquainted [95] but the Aldcns^ who faid the Water in the River was very low; fo that they could not get up to the Fort, and the Prifoner Canton told the Commander, That what the Aldens faid was true. So not being willing to make a Canada Expe- dition,^^" concluded it was not pra6licable to proceed. Then ordered fome of the Forces to get the great Guns on board the open Sloops, and the reft to rang the woods for the Enemy, who took one Prifoner, and brought in; who in their ranging found there a Shallop haul'd into a Crick, and a day or two after there came in a Young Souldier to our Forces, who upon examination gave an account of hand a houfe of the like length and breadth, built with hewn ftone and cov- ered with (liingles, and above them there is a chapel of about 6 paces long and 4 paces broad ; covered with fliin- gles and built with terras, upon which there is a fmall turret, wherein there is a little bell, weighing about i8 lbs. *' 2. Upon the left hand as we entered into the Court, there is a magazine, hav- ing 2 ftories built with ftone, and cov- ered with Ihingles, being in length about 36 paces long, and 10 in breadth ; which magazine is very old and wanted much repair; under which is a little cellar, in which there is a well ; and upon the other fide of faid court, being on the right hand, there is a houfe of the fame length and breadth the maga- zine is, being half covered with fliin- gles, and the reft uncovered and wanting much repair; upon the ram- parts of the faid fort are 12 iron guns, weighing in all 21,122 lbs. "3. We do find in the faid fort 6 murtherers, without Chambers, weigh- ing 1200 lbs. "4. 200 iron bullets, from 3 to 8 lbs. " 5. About 30 or 40 paces from the faid fort, there is a fmall outhoufe, being about 20 paces in length, and 8 in breadth ; built with planks and half covered with ftiingles, which do not ferve for any ufe but to houfe cattle. "6. About 50 paces from faid out- houfe there is a fquare garden, enclofed with rails, in which garden there are 50 or 60 trees bearing fruit. " Signed, Le Chevalier de Grand Fontainb. Jean Maillard. Richard Walker. Isaac Garner. Marshall, Sec'y.'''' [Haliburton's Hijl. Nov. Scot, i : 66.] '^^ Sir William Phips's attack upon Canada had inglorioufly failed in 1690, partly becaufe of the latenefs of the feafon at which it was undertaken, and i>¥8 [95] two more which he left in the woods at fome cUftance; Co immediately the Major with fome of his Forces went in purfuit of them, taking the faid Prifoner with them, who convey'd them to the place where he left them, but they were gone. Then ask'd the Prifoner, Whither there were any Indians in thofe parts ? Said, No, it was as hard for Vilboon their Governour to get an Indiari down to the water fide, as it was for him to carry one of thofe great Guns upon his back to his Fort: for they having had In- telligence by a Prifoner out of BoJlo7i Goal,~'^^ that gave them an account of Maj. Church and his Forces coming out againft them. Now having with a great deal of pains and trouble got all the Guns, Shot and other Stores aboard, intended on our defign which we came out firft for, but the Wind not ferving, the Commander fent out his Scouts into the woods to feek for the Enemy, and four of our In- dians come upon three French Men undifcovered, who concluded that if the French fliould difcover them would fire at them and might kill one or more of them, which to prevent fired at the French, kill'd one and took the other two Prifoners; and it happen'd that he who was kill'd was Shanelere^^ the Chief Man there &c. The fame Day they mended their Whale-boats, and the Shallop which they took, fitting her to Row with Eight Oars, that fhe might be helpful to their Profecuting their intended defign againft the Enemy in their returning homewards. Then the partly becaufe of its inherent weaknefs. be one of Villeau's men (fee note 195, [Hutchinfon's Hifi. Mafs. i : 352-6.] ante). 251 There was hardly time for this to '^^'^ See note 248, ante. ■ — — . - 119 [96] Commander orderitif^ all the Officers to come to^^cther, Inform'd them of his intentions and ordered tliat no Veflels fhould depart from the Fleet, but to attend the Motions of their Commadore, as formerly, except they were parted by Storms or thick Fogs, and if fo it fliould happen that any did part, when they come to PaJ/aniaj7cady^~"^ fhould flop there a while, for there they intended to Hop, and do bufinefs with the help of their Boats againit the Enemy, and if they mift that to ftop at Machias\^''^ which was the next place he intended to Itop at, having an account by the Prifoners taken. That Mr. Latcril'''^ was there a trading with the Indians in that River: Incouraging them, laid. He did not doubt but to have a good booty there; and if they fhould pals thofe two places, be fure not to go pafl Art:j/v;^6'-point,~''" but to flop there, till he came, and not to depart thence in a Fortnight without his orders, having great Service to do in and about Pcnobfcot^ &c. Then the Major difcourfed with Capt. Brackit^'' Capt. HtmewcW^^ and Capt. Larkmg^''^ [96] (with their Lieutenants) Com- manders of the Forces belonging to the Eaftward parts, who were to difcourfe their Souldiers about their proceed- ing, when they came to Penob/cot\ and the Major himfelf '^^'^ The bay into which empties the fifth expedition, with his family, fome St. Croix, the boundary between the of whom were reported to be drowned. United States and the Britilh Provinces. '■^•'''' See note 225, ante. '^^ The next port wedward. '^^"^ See note 120, ante, '■^55 Probably the Frenchman who is -^'^ See note 157, ante. twice refer-ed to fubfequently (on p. '■^^g There was a Samuel Larkin 109 of the original paging) as "old among the early inhabitants of Portf- Lotriel" and as being captured in the mouth, N.H. I30 L96] was to difcoiirfe his India H'SouUVierSy and their Captains; who with all the reft readily coniply'd. The projection beinijf fueh, That when they came to Peiiohfcot the Com- mander defign'd to take what Provifions could be Ipared out of all the Sloops, and put on board the two Bri5 Cyprian Southack was comman- rails, or otherwife, that people may not der of the Province galley; was with be in danger." Valle}- acre was the hill Church in his laft Ealtern Expedition, jufl; eaft of Beacon hill, occupying the 1704; and went to Canada in 1714 on fpace, nearly, of what is now Pember- the Stoddard and Williams Expedition ; ton Square. Capt. Southack's hill lived on Tremont Street, which then probably adjoined his houfe, >'hich embraced only that portion now in- feems to have ftood not far from the eluded between School and Howard prefent fite of the Albion. [Drake's Streets; 19 0(5t., 1733, was warned to ////?. Bojl. i: 529, 539, 593; N. E. secure "his hill near Valley acre, by Hijl. and Gen. Reg. v: 39.] 133 [97] to joyn the Forces now with you for that Expedition^ and have commijjiouated Lieut. Cotone/ ]ohn W-.iihovnc, one of the Mcni()ers of His Majcfiies Council^ who is acquainted with that River^ and in whofe courage and conduH I repofe fpecial Trnfl, to take the chief command of the whole during that Service^ beins; ivell affured that your good affeftiojis and zeal for His Maje/lies Service will induce your ready com- pliance and affiflance therein, which I hope will take v.p no long time, and be of great benefit and advantage to thefe His Maj flics Territories if it pleafe God to fucceed the fame. B if ides its very probable to be the fare/l opportunity that can be offered unto yotir felf and Men^ of doing Execution upon the Indian Enemy and Rebels, zuho may reafonably be ex- pelled to be draivn to the defence of that Fort. J have alfo ordered His Majejlies Ship Arundel, and the Provi nee- Gal ly to attend this Service. Colonel riatiiorne will cofnmunicate unto you the contents of his Commif/ion and InflruH ions received from my felffor this Expeditio7i, which I expeft and order that your felf Officers and Sou Idler s now tinder you yield obedience unto. He is to advife ivith your felf and others in all weighty attempts. Praying for a Bleffing from Heaven upo7i the faid Enterprize, and that all engaged i7i the fame may be under the fpecial Protection of the Almighty. I am your Loving Friend, Wm. STOUGFITON. The Major having read his laft Orders, and confidering his CommiHion, found that he was oblig'd to attend, All I 98] Orders^ &c. was much conccrnM that he and his were prevented in their intended projei^tion, if carryed back to St. yohn\. Tlien dircourfmjj^ with Col. Ilathornc^ ^avc him an account of what they liad done at St. yo/in\^ viz. Tliat as to the demoHlhin-^ the common Canadian name for what '^"^^ See p. 2X, ante. '' ' ' -■ -• - - -- -i3t ' - -- - -- . ^ . --- - [lOl] may try his Powder & Gtin be \\o\\ fore a/?ion. And that every particular Compatiy f?iay have a Barrel of Pozv- der to themfelves, and fo marked, that it by no means may be changed; that men may know before hand, a7id may not be cheated out of their Lives, by having bad Powder; Or not knowing hozv to nfe it : and this zvill prove a great advan- tage to the aft ion. 61y. That Col John Gorham, if he may be prevailed zuith may be concerned in the management of the Whale-boats, he having been form'irly concerned in the Eaftcrn Parts, and experienced in that affair. And Whale-men them will be very fervic cable in this Expedition, zuhich having a promife made to them, that they ffiall be rcleafed in good feafon to go home a Whaling in the Pall] your Excellency will have men enough. 7ly. That there may be raifed for this Service 300 Indians at leafl, & more if they may be had; for I hioiv certainly of my own knozu ledge, that they exceed mofl of our Englifh in hunting & fculking in the woods, being always 21s'' d to it; and it mii/l be pra^lifed if ever we i^itend to dcflroy thofe Indian Enemies. Sly. That the Souldiers already out Eaftward in the Ser- vice; By men of known jtidgment may take a furvey of them and their Arms ; a7id fee if their Arms be good, and that they know how to nfe them, in ffiootting right at a Mark; and that they be me^i of good Rcafon & Sencc, to knozv how to manage themfelves in fo difficult a piece of Service, as this Indian hunting is; for bad men are but a clogg a^id hindrance to ^ . 133 [lOl] an Army^ beins; a trouble and vexation to good Commanders^ and fo many Mouths to devour the Cou7itries ProviJio7i, and a hindrance to all good aflion. 9ly. That fpccial care be had in taking up the whale-boats^ that they be good and Jit for that Service^ that fo the Cou7i- t>y be not cheated^ as formerly^ in havi7ig rotten-Boats; and as much care that the Owners may have good fatisfaflioii for tJiem. lol}'. That the Tenders or Tranfports^ Veffels to be im- proved in this an.io7i be good DecISd Veffels, 7iot too big, bccaufe of going np feveral Rivers; havi7ig /\. or 6 fmall Guns a-piece for defence, a7id the fewer A[c7i zvill dcfe7id them, /hid thej'e is e7iough fuch Veffels to be had. Illy. To conclude all, If your Excelle7icy zvill be pleafed to 77iake yotir Self Gj'cat ajid us a happy People, as to the defl7'oyi7ig of 07ir Enemies, a7id eafuig of our Taxes, &c. be pleafed to drazo forth all thofe Forces noiv i7i Pay in all the Eaflivard Parts, both at Saco & Calco-Bay; for thofe two Tradi7ig-Houfes 7iever did a7iy good, nor 7iever will, a7id are not worthy the name of Qiieens Forts; a7id thef7fi btiilding of the77i, had no other Effect, but to lay us trnder Tribiite to that zvrcached Paga7i Crezv; a7ui I hope will never be wa7ited, for that they were firfl btiilt for: but fire it is, they are very ferviceable to thcTn, for they get many a good ad- va7itage 'of us to dcflroy our Me7t, a7id laugh at us for our f'^Hy, that we fJiould he^at fo miuh cofl & trouble to do a tlmig that does us fo much harm, a7id 7io manner of good : but to the co7itrary, when they fee all our Forces drawn 134 [I02] forth,, a7id in the pur/nit of than^ They witl think that wc bei^in to be roiized np and ti be awake^ and luill not be fatis- fied luitk what they have plea id to leave us, but are refolved to Retake from them, that they formerly took from ns, and drive them out of their Coicntry alfo. The luhieh being done, then to build a Fort at a fuitable time and in a convenient place; and it [102] %vill be very honourable to your Excellency & of great Service to Her Majcjly, Cf to the crilargemcnt of her Majejlys Government: {The Place meant being at Port Royal.) I2ly. That the objeflion made againfl drawing off the Forces in the Eaihvard Parts zuill be no damar^c to the in- habitants; for former Experience teacheth us, that fa foon as drawn into their Country they will prcfently forfake ours to take care of their oivn\ And that there be no failure in making preparation of thefe things afore-mentioned, for many times the luant of f ma I I things, prevent the compleat- ing of great Anions', and that every thing be in a rcadincfs before the Forces be raifed, to prevent Charges; and the Enemy havi^ig Intelligence', And that the Geiwral Court be moved to make fuitable Afls, for the incouraging both Eng- lifh & Indians; that fo men of bufincfe may freely offer Eflates and Concerns to Serve the Publick. This hopi^ig what I have taken the pains to Write in the fincerity of my heart and good affection, will be ivell ac- cepted; I make bold to fubfcribe, as I am your Excellency s moft Devoted and Htimblc Servant, Benjamin Church. 135 L.O.J TIkmi rcturnin*,' U) his Kxccllcncy prcl'cntcd the (hid Scheme, which his Excellency npprov'd of; and ictnnrd it '.v^iun to Maj. Chunk and dcfncd him to Tec that every thin«; was provided tellins^ him that he flionld have an Order from the CommiHary General to proceed. Then returned home and ina.de it his whole buhnefs to provide Oars and Paddles and a Velfel to carry them round; and then return'd a/aiu General and Governour in Chief in and over Her JMajcJlys Prov- inces of Ihe Mallachufetts-l-Jay & New-IIampfhire in New-En/ County (includingTaunton, Rc- compriled /Yi'wt)///// County (including hohoth, Dartmouth, Swanlea, Brirtol, Plymouth, Duxbury, Scituate, Marlh- Little Compton, F'rcetown, and Pocaf- field, Bridgewater, Middleborough, and fet [Tiverton]) ; and Banijiublv County 18 137 L 103 1 of each Company, to call his Company to<(cthcr, that fo he might have the better opportunity to tlifcoirfc & incour- a.i^e them to Serve their C^iecn and Country; treating them with Drink convenient; told them he did not doubt but with God's bleinng to bring them all home again; all which, with many other arguments animated their hearts to do Service, lb that Col. Cliurck enlilled out ol" lome Companies near 20 Men, & others 15. He having railed a Tuiricient number o( Etij^/iJJi Souldiers, proceeded to the enlilling of Indians in all thofe parts where they dwelt, which was a great lategue & expence; being a People that need much treating, elpecially with Drink ^c. Hav- ing enlilled tlic mofl of his Souldiers in thole parts, who daily lay upon him; was not lels than 5 /. per day cx- pences, fome days, in Victuals & Drink; who doubtlefs thought (elpecially the Etiglijli) that the Country would have re-imburll it again, otherwa3's they would hardly accepted it of him. Col. Clnircli''^ Souldiers both Iinj^Ii/k and Indians in thofe parts being raifed, March'd them all down to Nantaskct^"''' according to his Excellency's direc- tions; where being came, the following Gentlemen were Commillionated to be Commanders of each particular Com- pany, viz Lieut. Col. Gorham^ Captains John Brow7t,^^^ (including Barnflable, Sandwich, Yar- favorably fituatcd toward Boflon liar- niouth, Eafthani, Rocheller, Falmouth, bor — of whofe entrance its Point Al- Malbpee, and Monamoy or Chatham). lerton is one of the gatepofts — for the [Baylies's Plyiii. Col. Part IV : 97.] embarkation of troops. '^"^"^ Natitdjlxt WH& what is now Hull, ^''^ yo/in Broivn was ''approved as acccflible by land over the neck which Captain of the town of Swanfcy, 4 June, un'*^'''^ it to Hingham and Cohaffet, and 1686." S^Plym, Col. Bee. vi : 189.] 138 [io3] Ciwjlaut C/nm'/ir James Coler John Dycr^' John Cook, Caleb lVi7/inm/on'^'^ ix\u\ Jidward C7/wn7/,'^'*'' of the Forces railed by Col. Church, each Company bein<,' tilled up with JiHi^/i/h Sc Indians as they a<^reed anionic themfelves, and by the Colonel's direc^tions; Capt. Lamb^'"^ and Capt. Miriiks^^ Company, wiio were railed by his Excellency's dire(^tion, were ordered to joyn thole aforclhid under the Command of Col Church. Matters bein^ brought thus far on, Col. Church waited upon his Kxcellency at Bojion to know his pleafure, what I'urthcr mealures were to be taken; and did humbly move that they mi<]fht have liberty in their InllrucHions to make an Attack upon Port Royal '.^"^^ Being very well fatisfyed in his opinion, that with the blelling of God, with what Forces they had or fliould have; and Whale-boats fo well fitted with Oars & Pad- 2'" Sec references to his name in the Index of Part I. 2*' ymbark on the Province Cjalley, Capt. * Sonlhack Commander, And let Lieut Col. Gorham f(o on ' board Capt. Gallop ; '"'" who are both directed to attend your * Motion on the J'rcnck fide; after which they arc to return. ' Let the Commanders of all the Store Sloops & Tranfports ' know that they Sail, Anchor and Serve at your dire(5tion. ' When you Sail from Pifcataqua, keep at fuch diftance * off the Shoar, that you be not obferved by the Enemy to ' Alarm them. Stop at Monlinicus^''^^'^ and there Embark ' the Forces in the Whale-boats for the Main, to range ' that part of the Country, in fearch of the Enemy, to ' Mount Dc/art; fending the Veflels to meet you there; ' and after having refrefhed & recruited your Souldiers, 290 lyilliam Pcppcrcll was a native [•'^''"1 William. [Savage's Grti. Did. of Cornwall, En;^. ; cmif^ratcd to the iii. 392 ; Williaiiifon's ////?. Tl/t'. i : 687.] Ifles of Shoals, 1676; thence removed '•^■" Samuel (iallop, fon of Samuel, to Kittery point, Me., where he carried and f,'randfon of John, of Boflon ? on a large filhery ; was a di(Ungui(lied '■'"■- Matiuinis is an illand olf thecoaft merchant and magiftrate, and died of Maine, early inhahited; tontaini. g 15 Feh., 1734, cct. 85. lie married 750 acres. It is 17 miles S. E. of Margaret, dan. of John Bray, of Kit- Owl's Head (Thomafton), and 10 E. tery; had Andrew, Mary, Margery, of Mclinic. [Williamfon's Ilijl. Me. Joanna, Meriam, Dorothy, Jane, and i : 63.J 143 [I05] proceed to Mac/iias, and from thence to Paffamcquado*, And having Effc6lcd what fpoils you poffibly may upon the Enemy in thole parts, Embark on your Veirds for Mails and Signvfio, touching at Grand Manan, if you fee caufe, and from Mcnis & Signc52o to Port Royal Gut; And ufe all pollible Methods for the burning and deftroy- ing of the Enemies Houfing, and breaking the Dams of their Corn grounds in the faid feveral places, and make what other Spoil? you can upon them, and bring away the Prifoiiers. In your return call at Pcnod/cot, and do what you can there, and fo proceed Weftward. ' This will probably imploy you a Month or Six Weeks; when you will draw together again, and by the latter end of yune conlidcr whither you can march to Norrlgivack^ or other parts of their Planting to deftroy their Corn & Settlements: And keep the Expedition on foot until the middle oi Atigtijt next. ' Notwithftanding the particularity of the afore-going Inftruftion, I lay you under no reftraint, becaufe I am well affured of your Courage, Care, Caution and Induftry; But refer you to your own Refolves, by the Advice of your Commillion Officers, not under the degree of Cap- tain's, and the Sea-Commiflion Captains (whom you will, as often as you can, Advife with) according to the Intel- ligence you may receive, or as you may find needful upon the Spot. ' You are by every opportunity, and once a Week cer- tainly, by fome means, either by way of Ca/co, Pl/c< ta- 144 [io6] ' qiia^ or othcrwife to acquaint me of your proceedings ' and all occurrents, and what may be further neceflary for * the Service. And to obferve fuch further & other In- ' ftru6lions as you fhall receive from my Self. [io6] ' As often as you may, Advife with Capt. Smith ^°^ and Capt. Rogers ~^^ Command<^rf, of Her Majefly's Ships. ' Let your Minifter, CommifTary & Surgeons be treated ' with juft refpe6ts. ' I Pray to God to preferve, profper and fucceed you. ' Given under my hand at Bojlon, the Fourth Day of ' May, 1 704. y.D UDL EV. Purfuant to his Inflru6lions he fent away his Tranfports, and Forces to Pifcataqua, but was oblig'd himfelf to wait upon his Excellency by Land to Pifcataqua in order to raife more Forces, in the way thither; and did raife a Company under the Command of Capt. Harridon\ ~°' taking care alfo to provide a Pilot for them in the Bay oi Fundce\ Col. Church being dire6led to one Fcllows^'^^ whom he met with at Ipfwich. And going from thence to Pif- 293 Thomas, commander of the frig- " Montague" in the expedition to Can- ate 5^c/yey. [Drake'b C//«rc/4 (ed. 1827), ada, for which fervice he received an 257.] allowance from the General Court, 17 14; -9* Geo^'^e, commander of the frigate died 11 Nov., 1724. He married Sarah Go/port. \^Ibid.'\ Giddings, bj whom he had feveral chil- 295 Jolin Haraden {Harradin, Hay- dren. [Babfon's Hijl. Glouccjler, 98.] rendine) was fon of Edward, who went '■^"•' William Fellows was one of the to Gloucefter from Ipfwich 1657; he firft fettlers of Ipfwich, and left a large led a maritime life ; 1709, was mafter of family, from which this pilot was prob- a floop fitted out to capture a French ably defcended. [Felt's Ilijl. Ifjkvich, privateer; 171 1, he was pilot of Ihip 11.] 19 H5 [io6J cataqua with his Excellency, was there met by that worthy Gentleman Maj. Winthrop Hilion,^'^'^ who was very helpful to him in the whole Expedition, whofe Name & Memory ought not to be forgot. Being ready to Embark from Pi/cataqiia\ Col. Church requefled the Commanders of her Majefty's Ships, Capt. Smith & Capt. Rogers to tarry at Pifcataqua a Fortnight, that fo they might not be dif- covered by the Enemy before he had done fome fpoil upon them. Then moving in their Tranfports, as directed. Got fafe into Montmucus undifcovered by the Enemy. Next Morning early fitted out two Whale boats with men, Capt. John Cook in one, and Capt. Conjiant Church in the other; and fent them to Green-Ifland ^^^ upon a difcovery; and coiiiing there they parted, one went to one part, and the other to the other part, that fo they might not mifs of what could be difcovered; where they met with old Lafaure'^'^^ with his two Sons Thomas & Timothy^ and a Canada Indian. The Enemy feeing that they we" ' difcovered, threw down their Ducks and Eggs, who had got a con- 297 Winthrop Hilton was fon of orah, Elizabeth, Bridget, and Win- Edward of Exeter, and grandfon of throp. [iV. E. Hijl, and Gen. Reg. Edward of Dover; born about 1671 ; vii : 51.] was the leading military man of the '■'>'** There are two "Green" idands Province; 1706, was made Judge of N. E. o'" iI/rt//«/c«5, and near to it, each Com. Pleas, which office he held to his of 2 or 3 acres only, death ; was appointed Counfellor, but 2^9 Penhallow calls him " Monjieur was killed by the Indians, 23 June, 1710, Lafeburc, and his two fons, with a in that part of Exeter which is now Canada Indian." {^Indian Wars (ed. Epping. He married Ann Wilfon, who 1859), 28.] Church himfelf calls him afterwards married Col. Jonathan Wad- Le Faver, further on (p. no, old pa- leigh. They had Judith, Ann, Deb- ging). 146 [io7] lidcrable quantity of each, and ran to their Canoo's, getting into them, flood direftly for the Maine; looking behind them, perceived the Whale-boats to gain fo fall upon them, clapt fide by fide and all four got into one Canoo, which prov'd of little advantage to them, for the Whale boats gained fo much upon them, and got lb near that Capt. Cook firing at the Stores-man^"" which was the Indiari^ & happened to graze his skull, and quite fpoiTd his Paddling: upon which old Lafaicre and Sons feeing their companions condition foon beg'd for quarter, and had it granted: the two Captains with their fuccefs pre- fently return'd to their Commander, taking care that their Captives fliould not difcourfe together before they were examined; when brought to Col. Cimrch, he order'd them to be apart; and firfl: proceeded to examine old La/aure, who he found to be very furly & crofs, fo that he could gain no manner of intelligence by him; upon which the Commander was refolved to put in practice what he had formerly done at Segnc£lo\'^'^^ ordering his Indians to make two large heaps of dry wood at fome diflance one from the other, and to fet a large fl:ake in the ground clofe to [107] each heap; then ordered the two Sons Thomas &l Timothy to be brought and bound to the Stakes; alfo ordering his Indians to paint themfelves with colours which they had brought for that ufe. Then he Colonel proceeded to examine firfl; Timothy, and told him, He 300 Steerfman; i.e., the paddler in ^oi Stiles and Southwick reprint this the ftern of the canoe. Se::^do. 147 [ I07 ] had cxaminVl his Father ah'cady; and that if he told him the truth he would ihve his Life, and take him into his Service; and that he fhould have good pay & live well. He anfwer'd, That he would tell him the truth, and gave him jui account of every thing he knew; which was all Minuted down : lie being ask'd whither his Brother T/iomas did not know more than he? His anfwer was, Yes. For his Brother Thomas had a Commiffion fent him from the Governour of Canada, to Command a Com- pany of Indians who were gathered together at a Place where fome French Gentlemen lately arrived from Cana- da, who were Officers to Command the reft that were to go Weftward to fight the Englijh, and that there was fent to his Father and Brother Tom, a confiderable quantity of Flower, Fruit, Ammunition and Stores, for the fupply of the faid Army. He being ask'd. Whither he could Pilot our Forces to them? faid. No: But his Brother To}ii could, for he had hid it and that he was not then with him. The Colonel ask'd him. What Gentlemen thofe were that came from Canada"^ He anfwered Monlieur Gordan,^^'^ and Mr. Sharkee.^^'^ Being ask'd where they were? Anfwered vX P ajfamcquado ; building a Fort there. Being alfo ask'd, What number of Indians and French 3U2 Penhallow (ed. 1859, P* 29) makes 303 Penhallow fays 5^rt/-X- fenjible of your Cruelties to us by treating\you after the fame manner. At this time we expe6i our Men of War and Tranf- port Ships to be at Port Royal, {we having but lately parted with them.) by a French trader during Col. Haw- printed, 1736, a memoir of his father; thorn's Eaftern Expedition, and reftored died 1755. [Savage's Gen. Did, ii : to his home and friends; he thereafter 326; Sewall's ^«t?. /><>;«. Jl/e. 195-204; for many years ferved the Government Willis's Law, Courts^ and Lawyers, in the army, and as an interpreter; he Mc, 32.] 164 ["S] In the la/l place, We do declare to yon, That ina/mtich as fome of you have JJiown kindnefs to our Captives, and Ex- pre/s'^d a love to and dejire of being under the E7igliPi Gov- ernment, We do therefore notwithflandi^ig all this, give you timely Notice, and do demand a Surrender immediately, by the laying down your Arms, upon which we promife very good Quarter', if not, you mufl expert the titmofl Severity. To the Chief Commander of the Town Benjamin Church Colonel. of Menis, & the Inhabitants thereof John Goreham Lieut. Col. & ive expedl your anfwer pof lively Winthrop Hilton Major. within an hour. Then moving to the Crick expe6ling to have had Water enough for the Boats, as the Pilot had inform'd them, but found not Water enough for a Canoo; fo were obHg'd to land,^^* intending to have been up at the Town before the hour was out, that the Summons expreffed: (For their return was. That if our Forces would not hurt their Eltates, that then they would Surrender, if otherwife in- tended, they fhould fight for them, &c^ But meeting with feveral Cricks near 20 or 30 foot deep, which were very Muddy and Dirty, fo that the Army could not get over them; was oblig'd to return to [115] their Boats again, and wait till within Night before the Tide ferved for them to go up to the Town; and then intended to 32* That is, their boats foon ground- the intervention of fome creeks of deep ing, they were obliged to get out of water, which forced them back to the them into the mud, and wade toward boats, and compelled them to wait in the Ihore; which they were unable to them for the tide to rife, -under the accomplifti fucceflTully on account of circumftances, a profaic refult! 165 L"S] go Up pretty near the Town, and not to fall on till Morning, being in hopes that the banks of the Cricks would fhelter them from the Enemy: but the Tides rifmg fo high expofed them all to the Enemy; who had the Trees & Woods to be-friend them. And fo came down in the Night & fired fmartly at our Forces; but Col. Church being in a Pinis ^^^ that had a fmall Cannon plac'd in the head, ordered it to be charg'd feveral times, with Bullets in fmall bags, and fired at the Enemy, which made fuch a rattling amongft the Trees, that caufed the Enemy to draw off; and by the great Providence of Almighty God not one of our Forces was hurt that Night; (but as I have been informed they had one hidian kill'd, and fome others wounded, which was fome difcouragement to the Enemy.) Next Morning by break of Day, Col. Church ordered all his Forces, (and plac'd Maj. Hilton on the right wing,) to run all up driving the Enemy before them, who leaving their Town to our Forces, but had carried away the befl of their Goods (which were foon found by our Souldiers.) The bulk of the Enemy happening to lye againfl our right Wing caufed the hottefl difpute there, who lay behind Logs and Trees, till our Forces, and Maj Hilton who led them, came on upon them, and forc'd them to run; and notwithftanding the fharp firing of the Enemy at our Forces, by the repeated Providence of God there was never a Man of ours kill'd or wounded. Our Soul- diers not having been long in Town before they found '26 Pinnace. i66 ["5] t confiderable quantities of Strong Drink (both Brandy & Clarat) and being very greedy after it, efpecially the In- dians^ were very diforderly, firing at every Pig, Turky or Fowl they faw, of which were very plenty in the Town; which indanger'd our own Men; Col. Church per- ceiving the diforder, and firing of his own Men, ran to put a flop to it, had feveral fhot come very near him; and finding what had occafion'd this diforder, commanded his Officers to knock out the heads of every Cask of Strong Liquor they could find in the Town,^-*^ to prevent any fur- ther difturbance amongfl his Army; knowing it was im- poflible to have kept it from them, efpecially the Indians, if it was faved, &€. Then fome of the Army who were defirous to purfue the Enem}^, having heard them driving away their Cattel, Requefted the Colonel to let them go; who did: and gave them their orders. Capt. Cooke, and Capt. Church to lead the two Wings, and Lieut. Barher^^'' who led the Colonels Company in the Center: and the faid Capt. Cooke and Capt. Church defired Lieut. Barker 326 A pra(5lical *' temperance " move- ment, deferving extended imitation ! S2T There may have been three " Lieut." Barkers then living, who might have been connedted with Church's company : Lt. Robert, and Lt. Francis, both of Duxbury, and both fons of Robert; and Lt. John, of An- dover, fon of Richard. The latter died 1722 ; Robert had a dau. born 18 April, 1704; Francis, I do not trace later than 1689. ^* Church's company would be likelieft to be officered from Plymouth Colony, it feems probable that one of the Duxbury brothers is the one referred to; and, of thefe, I incline to the opin- ion that it was Robert. [Savage's Gen. Did. i: 115; Winfor's Hijl. Duxbury, 223 ; Abbot's Hift- Andover, 200; Plym. Col. Rec. vi : 218] Charlevoix fays that the "Lieutenant-General of the Englilh forces " was killed — a mif- take of Barker's rank. \.HiJl. Nouv, France. 'I 167 [116] not to move too fall; fo that he might have the benefit of their affiftance, if he had occafion; but the faid Lieutenant not being fo careful as he fhould have been, or at Icaft was too eager, was Ihot down, and another Man; which were all the Men that were kill'd in the whole Expedition. Towards Night Col. Church ordered fome of his Forces to pull down fome of the Houfes, and others to get Logs [ii6] and make a Fortification for his whole Army to lodge in that Night, that fo they might be together: and juft before Night ordered fome of his Men to go fee if there were any Men in any of the Houfes in the Town; if not, to fet them all a fire: which was done, and the whole Town feemed to be of a fire all at once, &c. The next Morning the Colonel gave orders to his Men to dig down their Dams,^"^^ and let the Tide in to dellroy all their Corn, and every thing that was good, according to his Inflruc- tions; and to burn the Fortification which they had built the Day before: And when the Tide ferv'd to put all their Plunder which they had got into the Boats. Then order- ing his Souldiers to March at a good diftance one from another; which caus'd the Enemy to think that there was ^■^^ Haliburton fays that there are vaft Mines, are very fuperior to thofe in marfhes (kirting this Baye Ics Mines other parts of the Province — the water (Bafon of Mines), which, "when en- of that extraordinary refervoir being clofed witli dikes, and well drained, are not only difcolored, but ac5lually turbid, exceedingly fertile, yielding, for feveral with the great quantity of matter held years in fuccefli6n, abundant crops of in folution by it." {,H{Ji. Nov. Scot. wheat, and alternate rotations of hay ii : 363.] The Acadians had probably and grain, without the aid of manure." already begun this form of tillage, and He adds: "the marfhes, formed by the thefe dikes to which Church here re- rivers emptying into the Bafon of fers are thus explained. 168 [ii6] not lefs than a thoufand Men (as they faid afterwards:) and that their burning of the Fortification, and doing as they did, caufed the Enemy to think that they were gone clear off and not to return again. But it proved to the contrary, for Col. Church and his Forces only went aboard their Tranfports, and there ftaid till the Tide ferv'd; in the Night embarked on board their Whale-boats, landed fome of his Men, expe6cing they might meet with fome of the Enemy mending their Dams; which they did, and with the Boats went up another branch of the River, to another Town or Village;^-'' upon fuch a furprize took as many Prif- oners as they could delire. And it happened that Col. Church was at the French Captains Houfe when two Gentlemen that came Poft from the Governour oi Port Royal to him, who was the Chief Commander at Menis, with an Exprefs to fend away two Companies of Men to Defend the Kings Fort there; and to give him an account, That there was three EngliJIi Men of War come into Port Royal Gut or Harbour; and that the Men fent for muft be Pofted away with all fpeed. Col. Church, as was faid before, being there, treated the two Gentlemen very hanfornely, and told them. He would fend them back again Poft to their Maf- ter upon his bulinefs; and bid them give him his hearty thanks for fending him fuch good News, that part of his Fleet was in fo good a Harbour. Then reading the Sum- mons to them that he had fent to Menis. Further added, That their Mafter the Governour of Port Royal muft im- 329 Pigtguit, on the river of the fame name, now the Avon ? aa 169 ["7] mediately fend away a Poft to the Governour of Canada at Qtiedec/c, to prevent his further fending any of his cruel & bloudy French and Salvages, as he had done lately upon Deerjieid, where they had committed fuch horrible and bloudy outrages upon thofe poor People, that never did them any harm, as is intollerable to think of; and that for the future, if any fuch Hoftilities were made upon our Frontier Towns, or any of them, He would come out with a thoufand Salvages, and Whale-boats convenient, and turn his back upon them, and let his Salvages Scalp & Roll the French] or at leaft treat them as their Salvages had treated ours ; Alfo gave them an account of part of that a6tion at Pajfamequado^ and how that his Souldiers had Kill'd & Scalp'd fome Canada Men [117] there, and would be glad to Serve them fo too, if he would permit them. Which terrif3^ed them very much,^^" &c. The two French Gentlemen that came Poft made folemn Promifes that they would punctually do the Colonel's Meffage to their Governour. So with the delire of the French People there that the Governour might have this Intelligence, Col. Church difmifs'd them, and fent them away; telling the fame Story to feveral of the Prifoners, and what they muft expert if fome fpeedy courfe was not taken to prevent further outrages upon the Englijh. The number of Prifoners then Prefent (which were confidera- ble) did unanimoufly intreat of Col. Church, that he would take them under the Prote6tion of the Crown of England] 330 See note 313, ante. 170 ["7] making great Promifes of their fidelity to the fame, beg- ging with great Agony of Spirit to Save their Lives, and to prote6t them from his Salvages, whom they extreamly dreaded: As to the matter of the Salvages, He told them, It would be juft Retaliation for him to permit his Salvages to treat the French in the fame manner, as the French with their Sah^ages treated our friends in our Frontier Towns: But as to his taking them under the Prote6tion of the Crown of England^ he utterly refufed it, urging to them their former Perfidioufnefs; they alfo urging to him, that it would be impoffible for any French to live any where in the Bay oi Ftindy, if they were not taken under the Eng- liJJi Government; for with the benefit of thofe Whale- boats,^^^ (as the Englijh called them) they could take and deftroy all their People in the Town of Menis in one Night: But he reply'd to them, It (hould never be; alledg- ing to them that when they were fo before, when Port Royal was taken laft by the EngliJJi that it prov'd of very ill confequence to the Crown of Engla^id^ & the Subje6ts thereof in our Frontiers ; for that our Engli/Ji Traders fup- plying them; enabled them (which opportunity they im- 3!il The ftrefs laid upon " whaleboats," defcription — exceedingly difficult; a both by Church in his report of his laft difficulty which the boats removed, fince expedition (p. 147) and his letter to they could adl as tenders, and leave the Gov. Dudley (p. 131), and by the en- fhip in deep water ; and by the fadl, that emy, is explained by the fadt that the their fwiftnefs made them more formid- enormous rife and fall of the tides in able in the purfuit of canoes than any and near the Bay of Fundy made land- other craft then in ufe, and their light ing from, and coafting in, ordinary vef- draft enabled them to go in fhallow fels — in that day when wharf con- water, and their lightweight made them veniences were of the moft primitive efpecially available at the portages. 171 [1.8] prov'd) to fiipplj" the Indians our bloudy Enemies; and therefore he could make no other Terms of Peace with them than that; if they the French at Me?tis, Signeflo and Canada^ would keep at home with their bloudy Salvages, and not commit any Hoftilities upon any of our Frontiers, we would return home & leave them; for that we lived a great diftance off, and had not come near them to hurt them now had not the blood of our poor Friends and Brethren in all the Frontiers of our Province cryed for Vengeance; efpecially that late unheard of Barbarity committed upon the Town oi Deerfield; which wrought fo generally on the hearts of our People, that our Forces came out with that Unanimity of Spirit, both among the EfigliJJi and our Salvages, that we had not, nor needed a Prefs'd Man among them. The Colonel alfo telling them. That if ever hereafter any of our Frontiers Eaft or Weft were Molefted by them, as formerly, that he would (if God fpared his Life,) and they might depend upon it, Return upon them with a thoufand of his Salvages, if he wanted them, all Volunteers, with our Whale-boats, and would purfue them to the laft Extremity. The Colonels warm difcourfe with them [ii8] wrought fuch a confterna- tion in them, which the}^ difcovered by their Panick fears and trembling, their hearts fenfibly beating, and rifmg up as it were ready to choke them; confeffed they were all his Prifoners, and beg'd of him, for JESUS fake, to Save their Lives, and the Lives of their poor Families; with fuch melting Terms as wrought relentings in the Colonels 173 [ii8] . Breaft towards them; but however, he told them, That hiF intent was to carry as many Prifoners home as he could, but that he had taken fo many, they were more than he had occafion for, nor defired any more ; and therefore he would leave them."'^^ The Colonel refolving the next day to compleat all his a6tion at Meiiis, and fo draw off. Accordingly, fent his orders to Col. Gorcham and Maj Hilton^ with all the EngliJJt Companies both Officers and Souldiers, except fome few, which he thought he might have occafion for to go with the hidians in the Whale- boats up the Eaftward River,^^'^ where a third part of the Inhabitants Lived; that fo he might prevent any refledtion made on them, in leaving any part of the Service undone. And therefore in the evening ordered all the Whale-boats to be laid ready for the Nights Service; and accordingly when the Tide Served, he went with his hidians up the River, where they did fome fpoil upon the Enemy going up. In the Morning feveral of their Tranfports came to meet them, to their great rejoycing, on whom they went on Board, and foon came up with the whole Fleet, with whom they joyned, bending their courfe directly towards Port Royal, where they were ordered. Coming to Port Royal Gut where their Ships were, and calling a Council 332 Penhallow fays the expedition terminating in Salmon river; from " took a hundred prifoners." [/« »» n ,, Returned home .... 3 Th. 1 8 April 1689 The Revolution which deposed Andros 3 — -July »» Church waited on Governor Brad- street, by request 4 — — » >> Church went to Rhode Island to ask assistance 5 -Aug. 51 Church returned to Boston, report- ing progress, and goes to raising volunteers 5 F. 6 Sept. »? Church commissicned by Governor Hinkley for the First Expedition 6 M. i6 „ » Church received his instructions from Danforth 8 T. 17 » ?» Church received his commission from Massachusetts, as Major . 9 W. i8 „ 5) Church received his instructions from Massachusetts, as Major . II — ~ )> )) Church sailed for Falmouth, Me. . 16 »» „ Had a fight with the Indians 20 — 1» ,, Ranged the country . . . 28 M. II Nov. 5» „ Held a council of war at Scarborough .... 29 24 i8s CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. Day of Week. Day of Month. Year. EVENT. Page. w. 13 Nov. 1689 Church held a council of war at Falmouth 29 — - Jan. i6|H Church returned home .... 32 w. 16 „ ? 5» „ Went back to Boston, to plead for the down-easters . . 32 Th. 6 Feb. »» Church left his plea for them on the Council Board, and went home in disgust 33 - April 1690 Church goes to Charlestown, when the Canada Expedition is about to sail, to sec his friends off . . 37 »» n Church has an interview with the Governor and Council. . . . Church goes to Barnstable, to see Governor Hinkley 39 40 —— »» Church raises forces, and marches them to Plymouth 41 T. 2 Sept. »» Church is commissioned for the Second Expedition, by Governor Hinkley 42 W. 6 " ?? Church reaches Portsmouth . . . 47 T. 9 .» ») „ Receives Major Pike's In- structions 48 — »» Church sailed for Pejepscot, and marched to Androscoggin . . 50 », 14 Sept. ») Church took the fort 51 — 55 „ Went to Maquait . . . 56 W. 17 Sept. 55 „ Reached Saco 56 — 55 „ Chased the Indians . . . 57 s. 20 Sept. 55 „ Bivouacked at Pur;pooduck 6b M. 22 „ 55 „ Came to " Cape Neddicke " 64 T. 23 » 55 „ Sent scout to Saco . . . 64 F. 26 „ 55 „ Got back to Portsmouth . 6? S. 55 „ Sailed for Boston in the sloop Mary 66 — -oa. 55 „ Lodged at Captain Alden's 67 68 T. ~ »» 55 „ Borrowed 40s. of Brayton . JJ „ Rode home on a borrowed horse 68 186 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. Day of Week. Th. M. M. Th. M. W. S. s. Day of Month. 27 Nov. 29 June 25 July - Aug. II Aug. 3 Aug. 12 22 - Sept. Year. 1690 1691 1692 1696 55 55 55 55 55 55 EVENT. Church wrote to some Eastern gen- tlemen The Eastern gentlemen replied Cliurch, on request of Mnjor Wal- ley, from Governor Phips, goes to Boston to consult about the Third Eastern Expedition . . Church receives Phips's commission Raises volunteers. . . . Embarks for Pemaqtiid . Works on the fort there . Is commissioned for Penob- scot, &c Ranged those regions, de- stroying corn, &c. . . Returned to Pemaquid. . Has more orders for the Kennebec Had a fight, and burned Teconnet Fort. . . . Returned to Petnaquid . . Came back to Boston and Bristol Is at Boston as Deputy from Bristol Is persuaded to go East on a Third Expedition . . Raises volunteers . . . Is commissioned by Lieu- tenant Governor Stoughton . . Church receives his instructions Sailed for Portsmouth . . „ „ York .... „ ,, Monhegan . . (in boats) went up the Pe- nobscot Bay .... Had a skirmish, and took captives Back to the ships . . . 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 Page. 69 79 83 83 84 85 86 87 89-90 90 90 91 92 92 93 93 93 94 96 99 100 lOI lOI 103-7 108 187 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. Day of Week. ■ 1 1 a==B Day of Month. rr' ■■■j-^ SI Year. EVENT. Page. 1696 Church sailed for Beau Basin 109 «_ »» „ Thence to St, John . . . 116 »j ,, On their way home from thence interrupted and super- ' seded by Colonel Hathorne . . 123 ■ ?» Church home again 127 I Feb. 170I ,, Waited on Governor Dud- ley to ofter his services against the Indians and French, being moved thereto by late shocking outrages 130 s. 5 » 5> Church writes Governor Dudley his ideas on the best way of car- rying on another expedition . . 131-13S — ?» Church goes to work to fit out the Fifth Expedition 136 s. 1 8 March » Church receives Dudley's commis- ~ ») » sion 136 ^^^^ Church raises volunteers in all the towns of the three counties of the Old Colony 137 1704 Church marches his troops to Nan- tasket 138 Th. 4 May 9» ,, Receives his instructions . 141 — »' „ Went by land to Ports- mouth H5 — »? „ Raises another company there H5 1» „ Moves to Matinicus . . 146 w. 7 June 5? „ Takes prisoners who give him information . . . 146 ^^^ ~ >5 H „ Went up the river, had a fight, and took prisoners, some of whom were knocked on the head 150-157 __ ~ 11 5» Church failed to take Chartier 160 —^ ~ M V „ Burned the Indians' fish . 161 • 1» „ Returned, vvent on board the transports, and sailed for Port Royal and Les Mines . 162 188 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. Day of Week. T. W. Th. F. T. Day of Month. 20 June 21 22 M i» 23 » 4j"iy 5» Year. 1704 »» »i M »5 ?1 EVENT. Page. Church reached Lcs Mines, and summoned its surrender . . . Church burned the town, and took many prisoners Church dug down their dams, and spoiled tlieir crops ; and at night captured Pigiguit Church took Cobeguit, &c. . . .* „ Sailed for Port Royal . . Had a council of war at Port Royal .... Went up to Beau Basin, which they spoiled again Sailed for Passamaquoddy Took Du Bois's wife pris- oner Sailed for Mount Desert, and so to Casco, and home . . The Governor, Council, and House of Representatives clear Colonel Church of all imputations of mis- conduct, and give him thanks for his good service done .... »» 5» »» )» 163-5 166-8 168-169 173 174-175 176 177 178-180 181 189 INDEX. INDEX. The Roman numerals refer to pages in the IntroduLlion. The Arabic figures refer to pages in the " History," the numbering in all cases being found at the bottom of each successive page. The names of Indians are in italics. A. Adams, Rev. William, of Dedham, xiv. ; Nathaniel, 77 note. Addincrton, Ifaac, notice of, 11 note. Alden, Capt. John, a nava' commander, 66 note, 67 tiote, 74; mention of him, iio, 120; William, 107. Alexander, or Wam/titta, fon oi Mnjli- foit, fuccceds his father, xx. ; brougnt to Plymouth, xxi. ; not ill treated there, xxii. ; the fads ftated, ibid.; dies, ibid. Alger, Andrew, killed, u.*i note. Allen, Rev. James, of Bofton, xiii. Alljn, Samuel, of Barnftablc, 42. Amos, Capt., commands an Indian com- pany, 7 note. Andrews, Elilha, 29 note, 64 note,'j\; James, 64 note; Samuel, ibid. Andros, Sir Edmund, his hiftory, i note ; fends for Capt. Church, i ; fent prif- oner to England, 32; date of this event, ibid. note. Androfcoggin, or Amerafcogen, de- fcribed, 49 note. 25 193 Arnold, Re%'. Samuel, of Marflifield, xiii. Atherton, Rev. Hope, of Hatfield, xv. Auftin, Matthew, 73 note. B. Baker, Rev. Nicholas, of Scituate, xiv.; Thomas, a prifoner to the Indians, efcapes, 58; notice of him, ibid. note. Barbarities of t'lo Indians, r^g. Barker, Lieut., killed at Les Mines, 168. Barnard, Benjamin, 54 note. Baffett, William, 29 note. Belcher, Andrew, 1^0 not.-^. Berry, Thomas, 27 note. Billingfgate Point, defcribed. 42 note. Bit, a filver coin, its value, 85 note. Black Point, where, 28 note; a fort there, ibid. Blue Point, where, 29 note. Boad, Henry, 107 note- Bourne, Rev. Richard, miffionarj', xvii. Bowers, Rev. John, of Branford, xiv. Brackett, Anthony, 17 note; account of, 21 note ; lliot by the Indians, ibid., INDEX. 27 iioic ; his children, 21 note: An- thony, his fon, efcapes, 60; again mentioned, 104, 120. Bradford, William, deputy-governor, xxi. xxii. 40 tiote. Bradftrcct, Rev. Simon, of New Lon- don, xiv. ; Simon, governor of MafTa- chufetts, 3; his hiftory, ibid, note; fends for Church, 4. Bramhall, Mr., of Cafco, mortally wounded, 27 nolc. Brayton, Stephen, of Portfmouth, R.I., a drover, 68 ; lends money to Church, ibid. ; Francis, ibid. Bridgway, or Bourgeois, Jarman, iii, 112, 113. Brimfmead, Rev. William, of Marlbor- ough, XV. Brock, Rev. Joni , of South Reading, xiv. Brown, John, captain in Church's Fifth Expedition, 13S, 175; notice of him, 138 note. Browne, Rev. Edmund, of Sudbury, xiv. ; Thomas, of Cafco, wounded, 27 note. Buckingham, Rev. Thomas, of Say- brook, xiv. Bulkley, Rev. Edward, of Concord, xiii. ; Rev. Gerfliom, of Wethersfield, xiv. Burton, Thomas, 27 note. Buttolph, Prifcilla, 10 note. Byfield, Nathaniel, of Briftol, 40 note, 69 note. C. Carter, Rov. Thomas, of Woburn, xiv. Cafco, in danger from Indians, 17 ; fight with Indians there, 23-26 ; arrange- ments made by Church for their fafe- ty, 30; he returns home, 31; Cafco taken by the Indians, and the inhabi- tants killed or carried away, 36 ; the dead remain unburied two years, 85 note; buried by Phips's foldiers, ibid. Caflin, Vincent de St., account of, 19 note ; his lucrative trade with the Indians, ibid. ; violates the c loitula- tion of Cafco, and deftrovs ' ■> in- habitants, 36; commands an ^adian force at the taking of Fort William Henry, Pemaquid, 98 note ; his daugh- ter and her children taken prifoners by Church, 150. Cawley, or Caule, Robert, of Pema- quid, 107 ; notice of him, ibid. note. Chartier. See S/iarkce. Chauncey, Rev. Nathaniel, of Windfor, xiii. Chubb, Pafco, furrenders Fort William Henry to the Indians, 98 note; is mui'dered at Andover, with his wife, ibid. Church, Capt. Benjamin, at Saconet, Little Compton, i ; is fent for by Gov. Andros, ibid. ; arrives in Bof- ton, 2 ; the Governor propofes an Eaftern expedition, 3; Church de- clines the undertuRing, ibid.; is fent for by Gov. Bradftreet after the over- throw of Andros, 4; comes to Bof- ton, ibid. ; undertakes an expedition againfl: the Indians " in the Ealtcrn Parts," ibid. ; goes to Rhode Illand to obtain afliftance, and returns to Bofton, 5 ; his commiflion from the Council of War, 6 ; commiffion from the Prefidont of Maine, 8; commif- fioned as Major by the Governor and Council of Maflachufetts Bay, 9; in- Itrudtions from the Commiflioners of the United Colonies, 11; his First Eastern Expedition, 16; arrives at Cafco, ibid. ; hears of Indians in the 194 INDEX. neighborhood, 17 ; orders given by him, 19; embarraffed by the bullets furniflied be.ng too large, 22 ; his force attacked by a body of Indians, ibid. ; their repulfe, 26 ; he vifits the garrifons at Black Point, &c., 28; holds a council of war at Scarbor- ough, 29 tiotc ; makes arrangements for the fecurity of the Eaftern fettle- ments, 30; returns home at the ap- proach of winter, 31 ; fpends three weeks in Bofton, 33; rep.efents to the Governor and Council the ex- pofed condition of the Eaftern fettle- ments, 33-35 ; this reprefentation not attended to, 36 ; flender compenfation of Church, ibid.; his Second East- ern Expedition, 37 ; he comes again to Bofton, 38; the Council confult him in refpedl to the war, 39; his anfwer, 40; goes to Barnftable to fee Gov. Hinckley, ibid. ; raifes a force, and marches with it to Plymouth, 41 ; finds no preparation there, ibid.; commiflioned by the Council of War of Plymouth Colony for a fecond ex- pedition to Maine, 42 ; their inftruc- tions to him, 44-47 ; arrives at Pif- cataqua [Portfmouth], 47 ; receives inftrudlions there from Major Pike, 48; fails for Pejepfcot, 50 woj^c; lands at Maquoit in Freeport, ibid. ; re- leafes two Englilh captives, 51 ; takes the fort at Pejepfcot [Brunfwick], ibid. ; fpares an Indian captive, 55 ; kills others, ibid. ; returns to Maquoit, 56; fails to Winter Harbor [Saco], ibid. ; puts the Indians to flight, 57 ; difagreement between him and his captains, 59; arrives at Purpooduck, 60 ; encounters Indians there, 62 ; comes to Wells, 64; and to Portf- mouth, 65 ; fends home his foldiers, 66; fails for Bofton in ftoop Mary, ibid. ; deftitute of money, and gets none from the government, 67, 68; tries to borrow a fmall fum. and is rcfufed, 67; borrows forty Ihillings of a drover, 68 ; returns home, ibid. ; a lofer by his patriotic fervices, ibid. ; his letter to Wheelwright and oth- ers, refpe(5ling the mifreprefentations which had been made of his conduct, and his confequent lofs of favor from the government, 69-76; ftate of things in Maine after Church's departure, 74 ; application to him from gentlemen at the eaftward for help againft the Indians, 79, 80; his anfwer, 81; his Third Eastern Expedition, 82 ; in- vited by Gov. Phips to accompany him in his expedition into Maine, 83 ; Church confents, and receives a com- miflion, ibid. ; is forced to borrow money in order to go, 84; arrives at Pemaquid, 85; is difinclined to have a fort built there, 86; is fent to fight the Indians on the Penobfcot, ibid. ; his inftrudions from Phips, 87 ; ranges thofe parts, and deftroys the enemy's corn, 90; returns to Pema- quid, ibid. ; is ordered to the Kenne- bec, ibid. ; has a brufti there with the Indians, ibid. ; returns once more to Pemaquid, 92 ; returns to Bofton, and again deprived By the govern- ment of his juft dues, ibid. ; is a deputy in the General Court from Briftol, 93; his Fourth Eastern Expedition, ibid. ; raifes a volun- teer force, ibid. ; receives a commif- fion from Lieut. Gov. Stoughton, 94; his inftrudlions to Church, 96, 97; fails for Pifcataqua, 99 ; lands at York, 100; proceeds to Saco, ibid.; arrives at Monhegan, loi ; afcends J95 INDEX. Penobfcot Bay and River as far as Old Town, I02, 103; returns to his veflels at the mouth of tlie river, 106 ; vifits Mount Defert and other places, but finds no enemy, 108; tails up the Bay of Fundy and lands at Beau Bafin, no; the enemy take to flight, in; Church takes feveral prifoners, 112, 113; penetrates into the country, and returns to Beau Bafin, 114; his difcourfe with the Acadians, 114, 115; rcfi:rains his Indian followers from hurting them, 115; enters the river St. John, 116; flvirmifli with the French, 117; is fuperfeded by Col. llathorne, 123 ; returns to Bofton, 127 his Fifth Eastern Expedi- tion, 128; he ofiers his fervices again to the government, 130 ; his plan for a campaign againit the Indians, 131- 13.5; his commiffion from Gov. Dud- ley, 136 ; raifes volunteers, 137 ; in this incurs heavy expenfe, not re-im- burfed, 138; requefts permiflion to attack Port Royal in Acadia, 139; is denied, 140, 141 ; his inftru6tions from Gov. Dudlej^ 141-145; proceeds on the expedition, 146 ; takes prifoners and obtains information from them, 147-149; takes Caftin's daughter at Penobfcot, 150; fcours the coafi: as far as Paffamaquoddy, 150, 151 ; writes to Dudley a hiftory of his proceedings, 151-159; his adlions at PaflTamaquod- dy, 152 ; is greatly difpleafed with a party of his own foldiers, and why, 156; a bufy night, 157; embarks for Les Mines, 162 ; demands the fur- render of that town, 163 ; the docu- ment inferted, 163-165 ; takes pof- feflion of the town, 166; makes a " temperance movement," 167 ; burns the town, 168 ; takes many prifoners. 196 169; fends a threatening meflage to Port Royal and Qiiebec, with good refults, 170; his conference with the prifoners taken at Mines, 171 ; tells them of Dcorfield, and threatens re- taliation, 172; the prifoners greatly frightened, ibid. ; he fails for Port Royal, 173 ; a council of war diflTuade from an attack on that place, 175 ; the document given, ibid.; takes polTeflion of Chignei5lo, or Beau Bafin, after a fkirmilh, 176; returns to t liTama- quoddy, ibid. ; receives information that the Indians had gone to Nor- ridgewock, 177 ; fails to Mount Defert, 178; to Cafco, and returns to Bolton, 180 ; receives thanks, but no pay, i8o, 181. See Chronological Table, at the clofe of the volume. Church, Caleb, of Watertown, brother of Benjamin, 68; notice of him, ibid, note; his children, ibid.; Conllantj captain in the Fifth Eafl;ern Expedi- tion, 139, 146, 175; Edward, captain in the fame expedition, 139, 167, 175. Clark, Thaddeus, of Falmouth, 25 note, 29 note; killed by Indians, ibid.; his family, ibfd. ; Walter, governor of Rhode Ifland, notices of him, 5 note; his family, ibid. ; Ifaac, ibid. ; Wil- liam, captain, notice of him, 140 note. Cobbet, Rev. Thomas, of Ipfwich, xiii. Cole, James, captain in the Fifth Eaft- ern Expedition, 139, 153, 175. Collins, Rev. Nathaniel, of Middletown, XV. Conne(5licut, towns fettled therein, in 1675, X. Converfe, Capt. James, of Woburn, with Church, 60; notices of him, ibid. note ; comes to Bofton with Church, 66 ; deftitute of money, 67. INDEX. Cook, John, captain in Church's Fifth Eaftern Expedition, 139, 146, 167, 175. Cooke, Dr. Elillia, 15 7iote. Cotton, Rev. John, of PiyniOuth, xiii. ; Rev. Seaborn, of Hampton, xiii. Culhing, John, of Scituate, 40 note. Cutt, Ricliard, 76 note ; John, 80 note. D. Dane, Rev. Francis, of Andover, xiv. Danforth, Rev. Samuel, of Roxbury, xiii. ; Thomas, piefident of Maine, his commiffion to Church, 8; notices of him, 9 note. Daniel, Capt., leader of an Indian com- pany, 7 note. Davis, Ambrofe, 2C)note : Silvanus, no- tices of, 14 note; his refidence, 18 note; prefent at a council of war, 29 note. Deerfield deftrojed by the Indians, 128, 129; this moves Church to undertake his Fifth Eaftern Expedition, 130; he threatens the French with fimilar treatment, 164, 170. Deering, James, 21 note. Doney, half Frenchman, half Indian, 51 note, 57 note. Drake, Abraham, 21 note. Dudley, Jofeph, governor of Maffachu- fetts, his commiffion to Church, 136; notices of him, ibid, note ; his family, ibid. ; his inftru(5lions to Church, 141- HS- Dummer, Rev. Shubael, of York, xv. Dyer, John, captain in Church's Fifth Expedition, 139, 175. E. Eafton, John, his account of a con- ference between Philip and the Eng- lifli, xxviii. Eaton, Daniel, 37 note. Ebens [Evans], Edward, 27 note. Eddy, Edee, fergeant, 160. Eliot, Rev. John, of Roxbury, xiii. xvii. ; Rev. Jofeph, of Guilford, xiv. Elliot, Robert, of Scarborough, 80 note. Elkins, Henry, 17 note. Emerfon, Rev. John, of Gloucefter, xiv. ; Rev. Jofeph, of Mendon, xv. Eftabrook, Rev. Joseph, of Concord, xiii. Expedition, Firft, 16. Second, 37. Third, 82. Fourth, 93. Fifth, 128. F. Fellows, William, 145. Fernald, William, of Kittery, furgeon, 80 note. Finney, Jeremiah, of Briftol, R.I., 70 note ; Jofiah, ibid. Fifke, Rev. John, of Chelmsford, xv. Rev. Mofes, of Qiiincy, xiv. Fitch, Rev. James, of Norwich, xv. Flint, Rev. Jofiah, of Dorchefter, xiii. Fobes, William, 85. Foxwell, Philip, 29 wo/c/ Richard, //!>/ 175- N. Narraganfetts, their number in 1675, x. New England, its condition in 1675,'ix! I xvii.; lofles by Philip's War, xxxi. 199 INDEX. New Ilampfliire, progrcfs of coloniza- tion in, in 1675, ix. Newman, Rev. Noah, of Rehobotlv, xiv. Newton, Rev. Roger, of Miiford, xiv. Nipmuk Indians, number in 1675, x. Niimfas, a friendly Indian in Church's Firft Expedition, 7 note, 20 note, 27, 37 note. O. Oakcs, Rev. Urian, of Cambridge, xiii. P. Paige, Nicholas, of Boflon, meets Col. Church in Braintree, 2; his hiftorv, ibid. note. Paine, John, no. Palmer, Mr., of Cafco, wounded, 27 note; John, 29 note, Palfgrave, John, 81 note. Parker, Rev. Thomas, of Newbury, xiii. Pautucket Indians, number in 1675, x. Pemaquid, extent of application of the word, S5 note ; Church, as fecond in command to Gov. Phips, arrives there, 85 ; defcription of the fort built there by Phips [Fort William Henry], 86 note ; the fort taken by the enemy four years after, 98. Pepperell, William, notice of, 143 note. Pequots, their numbers in 1675. x. Perkins, Rev. William, of Topsfield, xiv. Philip, or Pomctacom, the Indian chief, accufed of plotting againft the Eng- lilh, xxiii. ; goes to Plymouth, xxiv. ; mifconceptions of his character and plans, XXV. ; had not been ill-treated by the Englilh, i'lid. ; extravagantly overrated, xxvi. ; Dr. Palfrey's ac- count of him more juft, ibid. ; no proof of any extenfive plot of his, ibid. ; reported conference between him and the Englilh, xxviii. Phillips, Rev. Samuel, of Rowley, xiv. Phips, Sir William, his eventful hiftory, 82 note ; invites Church to .iccompany him on his Eaftern Expedition, 83; gives him a couimiffion, ibid. ; con- flrutSts a Arong fort at Pemaquid [Fort William Henry], 86 note; re- turns to Boflon. 91 ; his wife figns a difcharge for a lady accufed of witch- craft, ibid. note. Pike, Robert, Major, of Salifljury, raifes foldiers for Church, 48; his inltruc- tions to Church, 4S-50 ; notice of him, 48 note ; letter of Church to him, re- fpedting reports circulated to Church's di fad vantage, 77. Pitkin, William, account of, 15 note, 49 note. Plaillcd, Ichabod, 66. Plymouth Colony, its flow progrcfs in wealth and population, xviii. ; pays the debt incurred in Philip's War, xxxi. ; engages in the war with the Eallern Indians, 6 ; its commiflion to Church, 6, 42 ; fchedule of the number of foldiers required of each town in 16S9, 6 note; a fimilar fchedule in 1690, 43 note; debt in- curred by the Colony for the Eaftern war, ibid. Pokanokets, number in 1675, x. Pollard, William, an inn-keeper in Bof- ton, 38 note. Portfmouth, Church arrives there, 47 ; fmall-pox there, 65 ; Church there again, ibid. ; its name changed from Strawberry Bank, 66 note. Prince, Samuel, 7 note. Prout, Timothy, 31 note. 200 INDEX. R. Ramfdell, Jofeph, of Lynn, (lain by Indians, 63 note. Reyner, Rev. John, of Dover, xiii. Rhode Ifland, progrefs of colonization in 1675, X. ; its condition at that time, xvii. Rogers, George, 145, 146, 175. Row, Giles, killed, 27 uote. Rowlandfon, Rev. Jofeph, of Lancafter, XV. Ruflell, Rev. John, of Iladley, xv. S. Saffin, John, 15 note. Sajfamon, difclofes Philip's plot againft the Englilh, xxiii. ; murdered, xxiv. Scammon, Richard, 17 note; Anne, ibid. ; Humphrey, of Saco, 57 note. Scottow, Jofliua, 28 note; Thomas, ibid.; notices of him, 31 note, 36. Sewall, Samuel, notices of him, 38 note. Sharkee, or Chartier, 148, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161. Shepard, Rev. Thomas, of Charleftown, xiii. Sherman, Rev. John, of Watertown, xiii. Shove, Rev. George, of Taunton, xiii. Small-pox in Bofton, 32, 37 ; in Portf- mouth, 65 ; on board of fome of Church's tranfports, ibid.; fome of his men feek to deceive him in re- gard to it, ibid. Smith, Kev. John, of Sandwich, xiii.; Thomas, commander of the frigate Jerfey, 145, 146, 175. Southack, Cyprian, commander of the Province galley, 123 note, 143, 162, 175- 26 201 Southworth, William, a lieutenant in Church's Firft Expedition, 27 ; ac- count of him, ibid, note; chofen by the Indians their captain, 37 note. Sparrow, Jonathan, of Eaftham, ^onote. Sprague, William, of Hingham, 68 note. Spurwink, where, 28 note. Stoddard, Rev. Solomon, of North- ampton, XV. Story, Jofeph, 73, 76. Stoughton, William, Lieut. Gov., his commifllon to Church, 94; notice of him, ibid, note ; his letter to Church, transferring the command to Col. Ilathorne, 123, 124. Street, Rev. Nicholas, of New Haven, xiv. Swain, Jeremiah, notice of, 13 note. Swarton, John, from the ifland of Jer- fey, 23; killed by Indians at Cafco, ibid, note ; Hannah, taken by Indians, ibid.; Jolhua and Joanna, ibid.; Mary, ibid. Thacher, Rev. Thomas, of Bofton, xv. ; John, of Yarmouth, 40 note. Thaxter, Thomas, 27 note. Thomas, Nathaniel, notices of, 72 note ; his family, ibid. Thorpe, Robert, of York, 107 note. Tolman, Peter, of Newport, 68 note. Torrey, Rev. Samuel, of Weymouth, xiii. Trading -houfes, or truck- houfcs, Church's opinion of them, 134. Treat, Rev. Samuel, of E.-iitham, xiv. Tyng, Edward, 25 tiote, 136 note. Vaughan, William, of Portfmouth, N. H., 'jCnote; his family, ibid.; he and INDEX. others apply to Churcli for help againft the Indians, 79; George, Si note. Villebon, Chevalier, 114 uote. W. Wakeman, Rev. Samuel, of Fairfield, xiv. Waldron, or Walderne, Major Richard, 17 note; his children, ibid.; Efther, his daughter, a captive to the Indians, ibid. Walker, Rev. Zechariah, of Woodbury, XV. Walley, Major John, 10 nole, 15 note, 37, 40 tiote ; is defired by Gov. Phips to fpeak to Church about going again to Maine, 83 ; Rev. Thomas, of Barn- ftable, xiv. 43 note, Walton, Shadrach, colonel and judge, 51 ?ioti'. ; his family, ibid.; George, ibid, ; Benjamin, ibid. Ward, Rev. John, of Haverhill, xiv. Waterhoufe, Richard, 81 note. Wells, Rev. Thomas, of Amefbury, xv. Whale-boats, much ufed in Church's Fifth Expedition, 131, 139, 147, 150, 151, 159, 169, 171, 177; explanation of their fpecial value in fuch an affair, 171 note. Wheelwright, Rev. John, of Salilbury, xiv.; John, Efquire, of Wells, 73 note, 75 ; letter addreffed to him by Church, 69-76. Whiting, Rev. Samuel, of Lynn, xiii.; Rev. Samuel, of Billerica, xv. Whitman, Rev. Zechariah, of Hull, xiv. Wigglefworth, Rev. Michael, of Maiden, ibid. Wjllard, Rev. Samuel, xv. ; Simon, notices of, 10 note, 29 note. William Henry, fort at Pemaquid, de- fcribed, 86 tiote ; taken by the French and Indians, 98 note. Williams, Eunice, wife of Rev. John, of Deerfield, flain by Indians, 128. Williamfon, Capt. Caleb, 139, 175; notice of, 139. Wilfon, Rev. John, of Medfield, xiv. Wincol, John, of Kittery, 80 note. Winflow, Jofiah, brings Alexander, the Indian fachem, to Plymouth, xxi. Winter, John, notice of, 56 not . Winter Harbor, 56 note. Witchcraft delufion, 91 uote. Witherell, Rev. William, of Scituate, xiv. Withington, Mary, 9 note. Woodbridge, Rev. Benjamin, of Wind- for, XV. ; Dorothy, 'jOnotc ; Rev. John, of Killingworth, xv. Woodman, John, of Little Compton, 84. Worombos, an Indian fachem, 53, 64. Y. York, Jofeph, pilots Church up the Penobfcot, 102, 105, 106. 202 N O T E. My aUciilioM lias been kindly called, by the Rev. J. A. Vinton, — who has prepared the foregoing Index, — to sundry statements in note 323 (P- 163), concerning the Gylescs, father and son, which he conceives to be inaccurate. Those statements were made upon the testimony of Sewall, who expressly refers, in regard to some of them, to an incom- plete MSS. narrative of the Rev. Mr. Vinton, of the date of 1853, «"<> who was therefore supposed to have, in this case, special authority. In order to place the reader in possession of all the facts, however, I gladly append here the following, prepared by Mr. Vinton, — con- taining facts subsequently brought to light, — which note, if it had not been too late, woidd have been substituted for the note referred to. H. iM. 1). John Gyles (p. 163 ante), born in what is now tlie town of Topsliam, Me., about the year 1678, was son of Thomas Gyles (who, after a residence of some years on Merrymeeting Bay, where tiie Androscoggin joins the Kennebec, went to England to attend to some family matters, then returned to New England, and purchased a large farm at Pemaquid, where he was Chief-Justice, under the ducal govern- ment, of the County of Cornwall, and was killed by the Indians, Aug. 2. 16S9) • was carried off by the Indians, after his father's death, to their savage haunts on the upper waters of the river St. John, in the present province of New Brunswick. After severe sufferings among them during six years, he was purchased by a French gentleman residing on that river, who treated him kindly, and who, three years afterward, permitted him to return to his friends at Boston. He served the Gov- ernment of Massachusetts thirty-eight years, with some interruptions, as inter- preter in their transactions with the Indians, and as commander of several mili- tary posts on the frontiers; was a man of great courage, and of stern, unbending integrity; retired from the military service in 1737, and took up hi residence in Roxbury, near Boston, where he died in 1755, aged 77. In 1736, he printed a narrative of his adventures, which is still extant. [Vinton's Giles Memorial, pp. 103-111, 122-129.] 203