Eiie i9i0tort)

(<K Tllli

Eastern Expeditions

Of 1689, 1690, 1692, 1696, and 1704

AGAINST THE INDIANS AND FRENCH

By BENJAMIN CHURCH

WITH AN INTRO nUCTIOX AND NOTES
By HENRY MARTTN DEXTER

J. K. WIGGIN AND WM. PARSONS LUNT

MDCCCLXVII

271224

Entered according to Act i.f Congress in the year 1867, by

WKl'ilN AND LUNT

In the Clerk's Office of the IJisirict Court of the District of Massachusetts

EDITION

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I

PREFATORY NOIK.

T was not anticipated, when the I^'irst Part
of these " KNTi':in'AiNiN(; Passagics" was
issued, in the summer of 1865, that so lonuj
a period would ehipse before the puhHeation
of the Second Part, relatin*^ to the later Eastern Kxpedi-
tions. But various labors and en«j^a<;ements have neces-
sarily delayed the proi^^rcss and completion of the work,
both of editinj^" and printin<»;, until the present time. It is
hoped that the kind welcome accorded to the portion
relating to Philip's War may not be withheld Irom this
completini-- glance at the later Indian warfjire, which
engaged the prowess, if it did not materially augment
the fame, of the brave man iVom whose later reminis-
cences the story was set down.

The endeavor has been constantly in mind to make this
a fit companion volume for the First Part, — in careful-
ness and abundance of illustration, in cxa6t accuracy of
reprint, and in all general features.

vii

I'K I-: I' A roK Y N'o'ii:.

TIk" map is a "True L'oppy Iroin an Ancient IMan of K.
I Iiitcliinson Ks([. iV:c. iVc," wliicli was reproduced t'roni an
en<;ravin^ of 175.^, to acconijiany Mr. S. (i. Drake's late
edition ot' liayiies's " Historical Memoir of the Colony of
New Plymoutli"; and lias been kindly <,n*anted lor use
by that ^^entlcman, — for whose varied courtesies in the
preparation of these reprints their editor desires here to
express his gratitude.

In addition to acknowledu^ments already tendered, it is
due also that thankl'ul mention should here be made of the
kindness of Dr. A. O. Wn.HOK, of ]?oston, and Mr. A. E.
CuTTiiR, of Charlestown, for the lo.'ui of copies of the rare
lirst edition, to aid the accuracy of the work of revision.

M. M. 1).

IIlLLSIUK. KOXIIUKY,

I. Ii April. 1867.

VIM

I IISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

I HEN the murder of Sassanioiiy in the winter
of 167?,, led to the breakln<,'-out of "Philip's
War," Plymouth had been settled fifty-four
years; Dover, fifty-one; Boston, forty-four;
Wethersfield, forty; Providence, thirty-ei«^ht; and Kittery,
twenty-seven. There appear to have been then, within
the boundaries of what is now Maine, thirteen towns and
plantations;* within what is now New Hampshire, f
four ; within what vj> now Massachusetts, sixty - four ; J

* Kittery; York; Wells; Cape Por-
poise; Saco; Scarborough; Falmouth;
Pcjepscot; tiic plantations on the Sag-
adahoc and Kennebec ; ihecpscot and
Capcnewagen ; Dainariscotta ; Pema-
quid ; Monhcgan, with Gorges Islands
and the opposite settlements upon the
mainland.

t Dover, Portsmouth, Exeter, Hamp-
ton.

X Plymouth, Salem, Charlestown,
Boston, Dorchester, Roxbury, Water-

town, Medford, Cambridge, Ipswich,
Newbury, Springfield, Concord, Wey-
mouth, Dcdham, Braintrec. Lynn,
Hingham, Scituate, Duxbury, Barn-
stable, Sandwich, Yarmouth, Glouces-
ter, Rowley, Salisbury, Sudbury, Wo-
burn, Reading, Eastham, Taunton,
Marshfield, Iluverhill, Wenham, An-
dover, Hull, Bridgewater, Manchester,
Rehoboth,Marblchead, Middleborough,
RIcdfield, Topsfield, Maiden, North-
ampton, Chelmsford, Billcrica, Groton,

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

within what is now Rhode Island, six;* within what is
now Conne6ticut, twenty-three, f Vermont, as yet, was
not. It is probable that the entire population of New
England at this time, excluding Indians, was not far from
eighty thousand.J

The best computation suggests, on the same territory,
at the same time, not far from 10,500 Indians, distributed
among the tribes as follows : —

Pequots 1,200

Narragansetts 4,000

Pokanokcts, Nausets, &c 700

Massachusetts 1,200

Pautuckets 1,000

Nipmuks 2,400

10,500

When the war broke out, Josias Winslow was Governor
of Plymouth Colony — where William Bradford had been
dead seventeen years; Miles Standish, eighteen; Edward
Winslow, nineteen; and William Brewster, thirty; and
where John Rowland had been dead scarcely one year.

Marlborough, Hadley, Hatfield, Dart- New Haven, Guilford, Saybrook, Mil-
mouth, Swansea, Amesbury, Beverly, ford, Fairfield, Stratford, Greenwich,
Milton, Wrentham, Lancaster, Meudon, Stamford, Branford, Farmington, New
Deerfield, Brookfield, Sherborn, Edgar- London, Simsbury, Middleton, Nor-
town, and Tisbury. walk, Stonington, Norwich, Killing-

♦ Providence, Newport, Portsmouth, worth, Lyme, Hnddam, and Walling-

Warwick, Westerly, and New Shore- ford,

ham (Block Island). X See estimate of 78, 416 in Coil. Am.

t Wethersfield, Hartford, Windsor, S^aiis. Assoc, i: i^i.

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

Indeed, of that one-half of the Mayflower's company
(fifty) who survived the first yerr of the settlement, at
least thirteen were still in the land of the living, though
not all still within the limits of the Old Colony. George
Soule and John Alden, in a hale old age, resided at Dux-
bury; and Susannah White — who had enjoyed the singu-
lar honor of being first the first mother in the new Colony,
and then the first bride — was keeping still the house at
Careswell, which her second husband, the honored Gov.
Edward Winslow, had left to her possession. These three
were already adults when they first saw the New World.
And, of the children who romped along the Mayflower's
decks, there were still living Resolved White, who seems
now to have been a resident of Salem; Giles and Con-
stantia Hopkins, both at Eastham, — the latter the widow
of Nicholas Snow; Henry Sampson, of Duxbury; Joseph
Rogers, of Eastham; Samuel Fuller, of Barnstable; Sam-
uel Eaton, of Middleborough ; (Rev.) John Cooke, of
Dartmouth; Mary Allerlon, — who was destined to be the
last survivor of the Mayflower company, dying in 1699,
set. 89, — who still lived at Plymouth with her venerable
and excellent husband. Elder Thomas Cushman, who
came in the "Fortune," 1621; and Mary Chilton, now
the recent widow of John Winslow, of Boston. Nathaniel
Morton, who, five years before, had published his New-
England^ s Memorially was still Secretary of the Colony.

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

In Massachusetts, John Leverett was Governor, and
Edward Rawson, Secretary. Here Winthrop and Shep-
ard had been dead twenty-iive years; John Cotton, twen-
ty-two ; Dudley, twenty-one; Saltonstall, sixteen; John
Norton, eleven; Richard Mather, five; John Allin, three;
and John Davenport and Charles Chauncy, two; and here
Thomas Cobbett still lived at the age of sixty-six, John
Eliot at seventy, and Simon Bradstreet at seventy-seven.

William Coddington was Governor, and John Sanford
Recorder, of the " Providence Plantations," where Roger
Williams was still hale and hearty (and ready to earn a
new title as '' Captain " in this war) at the age of seventy-
five; and William Blaxton was very soon to be carried
from his dreams among his folios to his rest on the banks
of that beautiful river, which bears his name as it ripples
by his grave.

John Winthrop (son of Gov. John of Massachusetts) was
Governor of the now united Colonies of Conne6ticut and
New Haven; where Samuel Eaton had been dead thirty-' -/o
years; Thomas Hooker, twenty-seven; Theophilus Eaton,
seventeen; Samuel Stone, eleven; and John Warham, four.

The settlements in what is now Maine had at this time
but a single Congregational Church. In what is now New
Hampshire, there were three.* In what is now Vermont,

* One had been gathered at Exeter and no record exists of the formation
in 1638, but it became extindt in 1641 ; of another until 1698.

xii

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

there was none. In Massachusetts, there were fifty-seven.
In Rhode Island, there was none. In Conne6licut, there
were twenty-one.

These, with their pastors, — so far as known, — at the
breaking-out of the war, were the following; arranged in
the order of their formation : —

Plymouth (1620) John Cotton, Jr.

Salem (1629) John Higginson.

Boston, First Church (1630) . . . . James Allen.

Windsor (1630) Nathaniel Chaunccy.

Watertown (1630) John Sherman.

_ , , ^ . 4 John Eliot.

Roxbury (,632) { Samuel Danforth.

Lynn (1632) Samuel Whiting.

Duxbury (1632) John Holmes.

Marshfield (1632) Samuel Arnold.

Charlestown (1632) Thomas Shcpard.

Hartford (1633) Josejih Haynes.

Ipswich (1634) Thomas Cobbet.

Newbury (1635) Thomas Parker,

Hingham (1635) Peter Hobart.

Weymouth (1635) Samuel Torrey.

Cambridge (1636) Urian Oakes.

r-, , , ^ ^^ ( Edward Bulkley.

Concord (1636) < ^ , ^ , ■',

^ ^ ' \ Joseph Estabrook.

Dorchester (1636) Josiah Flint.

Springfield (1637) Pelatiah Glover.

Taunton (1637) George Shove.

Sandwich (1638) John Smith.

Hampton (1638) Seaborn Cotton.

Dover (1638) John Reyner, Jr.

xut

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

Salisbury (1638) Jo^n Wheelwright.

Dcdham (1638) ......... William Adams.

Qiiincy (1639) Moses Fiske.

New Haven (1639) Nicholas Street.

Milford (1639) Roger Newton.

Barnstable (1639) Thomas Walley.

Scituate (1639) Nicholas Baker.

Rowley (1639) Samuel Phillips.

Sudbury (1640) Edmund Browne.

Stratford (1640) No pastor.

Edgartown (1641) No pastor.

Stamford (1641) Eliphalet[?] Jones.

Wethersfield (1641) Gershom Bulkley.

Woburn (1642) Thomas Carter.

Gloucester (1642) John Emerson.

Scituate, Second Church (1642) . . William Witherell.

Guilford (1643) Joseph Eliot.

Hull (1644) Zechariah Whitman.

Rehoboth (1644) Noah Newman.

Haverhill (1645) John Ward.

Andover, North (1645) Francis Dane.

Reading, South (1645) John Brock.

( William Perkins.
Topsfield (.645) i Jeremiah Hobart.

Manchester (1645) No pastor.

Eastham (1646 ) Samuel Treat.

Branford (1647) ........ John Bowers.

Saybrook (1646) Thomas Buckingham.

Maiden (1649) Michael Wigglesworth.

Fairfield (1650) Samuel Wakeman.

New London (1650) Simon Bradstreet.

Boston, Old North (1650) .... Increase Mather.

Medfield (1651) John Wilson.

xiv

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

Nonvalk (1652) Thomas Ilatiford.

Farmin{Tton (1652) Samuel Hooker.

Chelmsford (1655) John Fiskc.

Beverly (1657) John Hale.

Hadley (1659) John Russell.

Lancaster (1660) Joseph Rovvlandson.

Norwich (1660) James Fitch.

Northampton (1661) Solomon Stoddard.

Billerica (1663) Samuel Whiting.

Wenham (1663) No pastor.

Bridgewater, West (1664) .... James Keith.

Groton (1664) Samuel Willard.

Newton, Center (1664) Nehemiah Hobart.

Marlborough (1666) William Brimsmead.

Killingworth (1667) John Woodbridge.

Mendon (1667) Joseph Emerson.

Amesbury (166S) Thomas Wells.

Middletown (1668) Nathaniel Collins.

Boston, Old South (1669) Thomas Thatcher.

Hartford, Second (1669) Joseph Hayncs.

Windsor, Second (1669) Benjamin Woodbridge.

Woodbury (1670) Zechariah Walker.

Greenwich (1670) No pastor.

Hatfield (1670) Hope Atherton.

Portsmouth (167 1 ) Joshua Moody.

Tisbury (1673) John Mayhew.

York (1673) Shubael Dummer.

Besides these eighty -two regular Congregational
churches, there were six or seven Indian missionary
^hurches; five Baptist churches — one founded at Reho-
both (Swansey) in 1663, one at Boston in 1665, and three
in Rhode Island: — the First Providence (1639), the First

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

Newport (1644), and the Second Newport (1656); — a
society of Friends, which had been formed at Newport
in 1656-7; and a church of Seventh-day Baptists, formed
at Newport in December, 1671.

We have seen that the estimated number of Indians on
the territory of New England at this time, was between
ten and eleven thousand. Of these, about four thousand
were then reckoned as " Praying Indians," and seem to
have been •'von to some comprehension and pra6ticc of
Christianity. According to Gookin, whose " Historical
Colle6tions of the Indians in New-England " bears date
7th Dec, 1674,* just before the breaking-out of Philip'?
War, these were, in large part, distributed as follows, viz: —

Notiautum (Natick)

145

P««/-<//o«^(Stoiighton) . . . .

Hussatiavicsitt (Grafton) . . ,

rx)

Okommakamesit (Marlborough) .

Wamesit (Tewksbury) . . . .

Nashobah (Littleton)

Magunkaquog (Hopkinton)

Alancbage (Oxford) ....

. 60

Chabanakougkouiun (Dudley) .

• 45

Maancxit (N.E. Woodstock) .

. 100

^uantisset (S.E. Woodstock) .

. 100

Wabquissci (S.W. Woodstock)

. 150

Packachoog (Worcester) . . .

. 100

Wacttntug (Uxbridge) . . .

• 50

Mecshaivn and Punonakanit (Tru-

ro and Wellfleet) ....

Potanumaquut and Navjsett (East-

ham)

. 44

Manamoyik (Chatham) .... 71

Saivkattukctt (Harwich), Ncb-
sqitassit/, Ma/takccs, and Wce-
qiiakut (Yarmouth and Barnsta-
ble) 122

Satuit, Paxvpocsitt Coatuit, Mash-
fee., and Wakoquct (Mashpee) . 95

Codtanmut, Ashimuit, Weesqtiobs
(Mashpee and Sandwich) . . 22

Pisfogutt, Waivayantiky and So-
koncs (V/areham and Falmouth) 36

Cotuhtikut, Assoowamsoo (Mid-
dleborough) 35

Kiitcaitmut (Sandwich) .... 40

Nope (Martha's Vineyard) and

Chappaquiddick 1500

Nantucket 300

♦ Mass. Hist. Coll. i : 141-226.
xvi

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

Rev. Richard Bourne, missionary amont]^ tlie Indians in
the Plymouth Colony, reported, in 1674, that one hundred
and forty-two could read their own language, seventy-two
could write it, and nine could read English.*

It will be seen from this enumeration, that the seat of
the successes of the benevolent labor of John Eliot and
his compeers was upon the Elizabeth Islands, upon Cape
Cod, and in the country neighboring Boston; the great
inland and remoter tribes remaining wholly unreached or
unatfe6ted by them.

The general aspe6t of New England at this time. Dr.
Palfrey has admirably sketched in a few words. He
says : —

"Along a line of rugged coast, from the Penobscot to the Hudson,
are scattered settlements of Englishmen, at unequal distances from
each other, — closely grouped together about midwny of that line,
farther apart at the extremities. Almost all of them are reached by
tide-water : a very few have been planted in detached spots in the
interior ; the most distant of these being about a hundred miles from
the sea, whether measured from the east or from the south. The
surrounding country is not occupied, but roamed over by savages." f

Maine was yet rough and primitive, in the extreme, in
the quality of its settlers. Rhode Island was the paradise
of schemers and dreamers, and come-outers of all sorts;
from the high-souled advocate of pure and entire tolera-
tion down to those fussy and unendurable champions of

• I Mass. Hist. Coll. i : 197. t Hist. New England, iii : 132.

c xvii

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

queer and petty principles, wlio were siicb crooked sticks
by nature that they could not lie still even there. Plym-
outh, badly situated both for commerce and culture, with
no good harbor on her coast, and with her thin and sandy
soil, had been able, even with the best eflbrts of her noble
men, to move but very slowly forward in the path of em-
pire. While, from the fa6t that her teachers were taken
from her repeatedly by the superior attra«^ions offered by
wealthier neighbors, she had been compelled to occupy a
lower place in the relative scale, than that to which she
would have been entitled from the purity and worth of her
founders, and her general patient industry. Massachusetts
had advanced more rapidly. Every thing helped her, until
she was strong, not merely relatively as compared with
her neighbors, but as looked at from the mother-country
across the sea. Connedticut, too, was thriving. She had
plenty of good land, wise and thrifty oversight, and gen-
eral prosperity.

Dr. Palfrey draws the pi6lure of daily life with a skilful
pencil J thus: —

*' In the three associated Colonies, thote is great similarity in the
ordinary occupations and pursuits. Most adults of both sexes work
hard, and nearly all the children go to school. The greater part of the
men get a living by farm labor : they provide bread and meat, milk,
butter and cheese, for their own tables, and raise stock to sell in the
West Indies for money with which to buy foreign commodities. But
they are not all farmers. A portion are lumberers, plying the axe

xviii

in. ST OK ICAF. INTRODUtmON.

throiifjh till! winter in tin* thiik pine forests, ami, at the return of spring,
floating down tlu'ir rafts tn a Hure and profitable market. Anollur
portion are flsluMinen, familiar with the liannts of the coil, the mack-
erel, and the whale, and with all perils of the sea. In the principal
towns, various classes of artisans pursue a lucrative trade. The country
furnishes some staples for an advantageous foreign commerce ; and,
especially in IJoston, not a few merchants have grown rich."*

Peace had reigned in these Colonies since the close of
the Pequot war in the spring of 1636, — nearly forty years.
The last colonist who had gained experience in savage
warfare in that short but fierce struggle was now dead, or
too old for service; while the youngest immigrants who
had been trained to arms abroad were now in the same
category. Slight and temporary misunderstandings and
quarrels had taken place now and then; but the wise and
scrupulously just policy which the Pilgrims at Plymouth
had first initiated with the good Massasoit, had prevailed,
and borne its natural and pleasant fruit. On the whole,
the state of the Indians had been improved by the settling
of the English at their side. Though they had parted
with a good deal of the land over which they had been
accustomed to roam, they had still enough reserved for
their present wants. They had bettered their position,
in their fight with nature for food and shelter, by many
implements and suggestions from the superior culture of
their white neighbors. And although their exposure to

♦ /7/5/. ^ew England, iii : 134.
xix

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

the scdiiftivc "firc-watcr" had wroiipfht them harm, and
they were sometimes imposed upon by the cunnin<( ^reed
of crafty and unscrupulous settlers, the Colonial govern-
ments were always administered in the endeavor to do
them justice and afford them protc6tion ; and the proceeds
of their huntin*^, or of their slif,'ht farming, now found
ready and remunerative sale. In the single matter of the
— to the English undesired, yet gradually accomplished —
exchange of his bow and flint dagger and stone tomahawk,
for the musket, hatchet, and hunting-knife of the white
man, the Indian gained, for the legitimate uses of his own
savage life, more than all which he had lost from the
advent of civilization to these shores.

Massasoit died in 1 66 1-2, and was succeeded in the
sachcmship of the Wampanoags by his eldest son, Alex-
ander [Alooanam, Wamsuttci]. His life was short after
his accession. In a few months' time, it was rumored
that he was plotting with the Narragansetts, — the bug-
bear of the Colonies on the west, as the Maqiias were on
the northwest, — and the Plymouth government thought
the matter of sufficient consequence to be looked into. It
is not improbable that an impression had been for some
time gaining ground, that when the venerable sachem,
who had welcomed Bradford and Winslow and their
company at Patuxet, and had become their abiding
friend, had passed away, certain tendencies toward dis-

in s r ( > K I c A L IN T u o I) i; c no n.

turbancc, on which he had kept a tight rein, and which
others had repressed throiigli respcft Tor liim, niiglit liiul
development. So a message was sent to Alexander to
come to Plymouth, and talk over affairs. lie ignored the
invitation. As the Court had broached the subjec^t, tliey
felt that the general safety recpiired that their summons
should not be disregarded in that way; so they sent an
armed party, under Majors Winslow and Bradford, to find
and bring him. They found him not far otf, at Monpousct
(in Halifax), and then, *' freely and readily, without the
least hesitancy,"* he went with them. He told them that
he had intended to come when first invited, but wanted
to delay long enough to consult Mr. Willett, in whom he
had confidence. Hubbard's story f is, that when he had
been dismissed on the promise to send his son as a hos-
tage, he was so enraged at the indignities put upon him,
that he fell into a fever, of which he died before he got
half-way home. And out of this statement has grown
the general representation, that his ill-treatment at the
hands of the English was the means of his death, and
was laid up as one f»rominent cause of the war, twelve
years later. But the letter of Rev. John Cotton to In-
crease Mather, — which Judge Davis prints in the appen-
dix of the Memorial, and which has every element of
trustworthiness, — from the di6tation of Major Bradford,

* Davis's Morton*s Memorial, 426. t Narrative, 9.

xxi

II I S TO K IC A L IN T I< () I) U CT I O N.

one of tlic chief aftors, and a most competent witness,
desiring expressly to corre(!'t Hubbard, puts an entirely
different constriK^tion upon the event, and one intrinsi-
cally much more in harmony with tlie probabilities of the
case. Mr. Cotton says, —

*' Ht'ports hc'mj; here, that Alcxaiuler wuh plotting or privy to ph)t»
n^aiiisl tho Kti};liHh, authority Hcnt to him to conic down. IIi> cumo
not. VV hereupon Maj. VViMsh)\v was sent to fetch him. Maj. IliiuU'ord
with some others went with him. At A/uf/fxtf/sc^ river (a place not
many miles henee) they foimd Ak'xancU'r with about eight men and
HUiuIry stpiaws. He was thi-re about jjettinjj canoes. lie and Ins men
wore at bn'aktast under their shelter, their jjuns bein^; without. They
saw the Knj^lish cominjj, but continued catijij; : and Mr. VV'inslow
telling their business, Alexander, freely and readily, without the least
hesitancy, consented to go, giving his reason why he came not to tlu;
Court before ; vi/., because he waited tor Capt:iin Willet's return from
the Dutch, being desirous to speak with him first. They brought him
to Mr. Collier's, that day, and (Jovernour l*rincc living remote, at East-
ham, those few magistrates, who were at hand, issued the matter peace-
ably, and immediately dismissed Alexander to return home, which he
did, part of the way : but in two or three days after, he returned and
went to Maj. Winslow's house, intending thence to travel into the Hay
and so home ; but at the Major's house he was taken very sick, and
was, by water, conveyed to Mr. Bradford's, and thence carried upon
the shoulders of his men to Tetehquet river,* and thence, in canoes,
home, and about two or three days after died."

Upon his decease, his brother Philip [Pometaconi]
reigned in his stead. One of Philip's first a6ts was to
renew the ancient covenant between his father and the

* TUicuti or Taunton Great River,
xxii

HISTORICAL INTHOPUCTION.

colonists ; ami live years passed (luietly away, when a
vnpuc charge was made against him of being willing to
plot with the French or Dutch against the English. 'I'his
he denounced as a calumny of Ninii^rct of Miantic^ and
the matter suhsideil. After Jiearly four years more,
another rumor of his treachery gained so much ground as
to demand investigation, and awaken solicitude at both
Plymouth and Boston. An investigation revealed proofs
of bad faith on his part ; and a bad spirit was clearly
manifested by him, when (juestioned concerning them.
Hut this matter was hnally issued in his renewed engage-
ments of fc'dty. Three years passed again, when the
Governor of Plymouth was informed by Sassamon — a
"praying" Indian, who had been schoolmaster at Natick,
and who, being able to write as well as read, had some-
times served Philip with his pen, — that there were sus-
picious circumstances in Philip's camp, which gave color
to the rumor that he was endeavoring to excite other
sachems to war. This information was given under a
demanded pledge of secrecy, as Sassamon said that
Philip's Indians would kill him if they suspe6led him as
its source. It somehow leaked out to Philip's car, that
the Governor of Plymouth had heard something to his
disadvantage, and would send for him to come to the next
Court to explain it. He therefore resolved to anticipate
the matter by going without summons. He went to Ply-

xxiii

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

mouth, accordingly, and saw the Assistants, — the Court
not yet being in session, — and protested his innocence.
They were not satisfied ; but hoped that he would be led
to desist by his knowledge of their discovery of his plans,
and so dismissed him in a friendly manner, with a warn-
ing, that, should further evidence come up, they should be
obliged to demand his arms for safe keeping.

Philip went back to Mount Hope ; and, a few days
after, Sassamon was missing. On search, his hat and
gun were found on the ice of Assawompset Pond, in Mid-
dleborough, and his body under the ice. It was dragged
out, and buried ; and afterwards exhumed and examined,
when marks of violence indicating murder, and not acci-
dental drowning, became manifest. Three Indians were
soon arrested on suspicion, and tried by a jury, to which
six grave friend Indians were added, to insure fairness in
the verdict. An Indian came forward and testified, that,
by accident, from the top of a hill, he had witnessed the
scene, and that Sassamon had been murdered by these
prisoners. One of the prisoners subsequently confessed
that he had stood by while the others did the deed. The
jury convi6ted and sentenced the murderers, the Indians
concurring; whereupon two were hanged, and the third,
after a respite of two or three weeks, was shot.

This seems immediately to have promoted the out-
break, which took place with very litUe delay; the first

xxiv

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

English blood being shed on or about the 24th June,
1675*

It has been usual to pi6ture Philip as a great king, a
sagacious warrior, and a far-sighted patriot; and to repre-
sent him as having been for years engaged in planning
and perfecting a comprehensive conspiracy among all the
Indian tribes on the New-England territory — and even
upon that of New York — for the purpose of sweeping
away, by one concerted blow, the hated white usurper,
and of recovering to their own savage uses the whole of
their ancient hunting-grounds. It has been usual to apolo-
gize for the ill success of the a6tual strife, by asserting
that it was so hurried up by the death of Sassamon, that
the first blow was struck before due preparations to follow
it up could be completed.

Dr. Palfrey has shown, one would think to the general
conviction, that there is a very small foundation of truth
indeed on which to build this majestic, one might almost
say magnificent, superstructure. He has shown that the
English had used Philip habitually well ; that he had no
real grounds of complaint against them ; that his frequent
sales of land to them implies no unwillingness that they
should have his hunting-grounds if they would pay for
them, as they did ; that he gave no indications of great-
ness, whether in council or conflict ; that there is no proof

* See Part I. p, i8.

D XXV

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

that he direftcd or approved those hostilities about Mount
Hope with which the war began; that his movements im-
mediately after indicated a much keener anxiety for his
own personal safety than for the extin6tion of the colonists;
that there is nothing to show that he direfted the out-
breaks which followed, and no evidence that he was per-
sonally present and adlive in any particular fight ; that
there was no manifestation of savage wisdom on the part
of anybody in the management of the war; that attacks
upon particular, much -exposed localities were delayed
for weeks and months, which, if any such general conspi-
racy existed as has been claimed, it is incredible should
not have been simultaneous, or nearly so, when they would
have been overwhelming; that, instead of hastening to
join his waning fortunes with the Eastern Indians, when
misfortune pressed him in his ancient haunts, — as he could
have done in two days' easy march, — Philip retreated to
the den whence he had originally gone forth, and there
was shot ingloriously, while, unattended, he was attempting
to run away; and that the war was waged at the Eastward,
after his death, with more vigor than during his life, fo^
nearly two whole years. In short. Dr. Palfrey makes it
out, — and, as it would seem, on the best evidence, — that,
instead of being a far-reaching, well-organized campaign,
what we commonly call "Philip's War" was merely a
succession of unconsidered and indiscriminate murders

xxvi

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

and pillages, taken up by one body of savages after
another, as the intelligcnee of the attra6tive example of
others reached them; and rightfully conne6ted with his
name mainly as having been led off by those bands who
centred around Sowams, and over whom he had partial
control.*

The cotemporaneous records do certainly bear out this
general judgment. There is a tradition mentioned by
Callender, f as derived both from the white settlers in the
vicinity of Mount Hope and from those Indians who
survived the struggle, that Philip and his elder chiefs were
utterly averse to the war. Increase Mather never seems to
have heard of the all-embracing conspiracy, or of Philip's
great statesmanship. Even Cotton Mather — much as one
would think he would have enjoyed it — never mentions
either. Hubbard is the only early writer who says any
thing on which the popular judgment could be based. He
does say that Philip had been "plotting with all the In-
dians round about," &c. ; but he gives only vague rumor
from some prisoners, as his authority, and does not seem
himself to have attributed to his own words the impor-
tance even which they might naturally convey.

Easton — it is difficult to decide how much of accuracy
and weight is to be attributed to the testimony lately pub-
lished in his name — gives the following account of an

* Hist. New England, iii : 223-229. f ^•-/. Hist. Coll. iv : 126.

XXV ii

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

interview which he asserts to have been held between
Philip and some Rhode-Islanders just before the outbreak.
He says:* —

"[Philip] came himfelf unarmed, and about 40 of his Men armed.
Then 5 of us went over [Trip's Ferry], 3 wear Magiflratcs. We
fate veri friendly together. We told him our bifnes was to indever
that they might not refcue or do Rong. They faid that was well ;• they
had dun no Rong, the Englifli rouged them. We faid we knew the
Englifli faid the Indians rouged them, and the Indians faid the Englifh
rouged Ihem, but our Desier was the Qiiarrell might rightly be defided,
in the beft Way, and not as Dogs defidcd their Qiiarrells. The
Indians owned yf fighting was the worfl Way ; then they propounded
how Right might take Plaee. We faid by Arbitration. They faid
that rdl Englifh agreed againfl them, and so by Arbitration they had
had much Rong ; mani Miles fquare of Land fo taken from them, for
Englifh would have Englifh Arbitrators ; and once they were perfuaded
to give in their Arms y! thereby Jealoufy might be removed, and the
Englifh having their Arms wold not deliver them as they had promifed,
untill they confented to pay a 100^, and now they had not fo much fum
or muny ; y* thay wear as good be kiled as leave all ther Liueflyhode.

" We faid they might chufe a Indian King, and the Englifh might
chufe the Governor of New Yorke, yJ nether had cafe to fay either
wear Parties in the Diferance. They faid they had not heard of y?
Way, and faid we oneflly fpoke, fo we wear perfwaided if y' Way had
bine tendered they would have acsepted. We did endeavor not to hear
their Complaints, faid it was not convenient for us now to confider of,
but to indever to prevent War ; faid to them when in War againfl Eng-
lifh, Blood was fpilt, y* ingaged all Englishmen, for we wear to be all
under one King ; we knew what their Complaints wold be, and in our
Colony had removed some of them in fending for Indian Rulers in
what the Crime concerned Indians Lives, which they veri lovingly

* A Relation of the Indyan Warr, by Mr. Easton, &c., pp. 7-16.

xxviii

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

acscptcd, and agreed with us to their Execution, and faid fo they were
ahell to fatiffie their Subje(5ts when they knew an Indian fufcred duly,
l)ut laid in what was only between their Indians and not in Townelhipes,
y! we had purchafed, they wold not have us profecute, and yf they had
a great Fear to have ani of ther Indians (luild be caled or forced to be
Chridian Indians. Thay faid yJ fuch wcr in evcri thing more mif-
chievous, only Diffemblers, and then the Englifli made them not fub-
j"e<5l to ther Kings, and by their lying to rong ther Kings. We knew it
to be true, and we promifmg them y! however in Government to Indians
all fliould be alike, and y' we knew it was our King's will it fhould be so,
y' altho we wear weaker than other Colonics, they having fubmitted to
our King to prote6l them, others dai'ed not otherwife to moled them ;
exprefled thay took that to be well, that we had littell Cafe to doute,
but that to us under the King thay would have yielded to our Deter-
minations in what ani lliould have complained to us againll them.

" But Philip charged it to be difoneflly in us to put of the Hering to
iuft Complaints, therefore we confented to hear them. They faid thay
had bine the firft in doing Good to the Englifli, and the Englifli the
firft: in doing Rong ; faid when the Englifli firft came, the King's Father
was as a great Man, and the English as a littell Child ; he conftrained
other Indians from rouging the ICnglifli, and gave them Corn and
shewed them how to plant, and was free to do them ani Good, and had
let them have a lOO Times more Land than now the King had for his
own Peopell. But ther Kings Brother, when he was King, came mifer-
ably to dy by being forced to Court, as they iudge poyfoned. And
another Greavance was if 20 of there oneft Indians teftified that a
Englifliman had dun them Rong, it was as nothing ; and if but one of
their worft Indians teftified againft any Indian or ther King, when it
pleefed the Englifli it was fufitiant. Another Grievance was, when
their King fold Land, the Englifli wold fay, it was more than they
agreed to, and a Writing muft be prove againft all them, and fum of
their Kings had dun Rong to fell fo much. He left his Peopell none,
and fum being given to Drunknes tb^ Englifli made them drunk and

xxix

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

then chc.itetl them hi Barj^ains, but now ther khijjs wear forvvamod not
for to part with Land, for nothin}:^ in Cumparifon to the Vahie thereof.
Now home the Enj^lilh had owned for King or Qiieen, they wold dif-
inheret and make another King that wold give or fell them thefe Lands ;
that now, they had no Hopes left to kepe ani Laiid. Another Grievanee,
the English Catell and Ilorfes Hill incrafed ; that when thay removed
30 Mile from where Englilh had ani thing to do, thay eould not kepe
ther Corn from being fpoyled, thay never being iufed to fence, and
thoft when the Englifli boft Land of them thay wold have kept their
Catell upon ther ownc Land. Another Grievance, the Englilh were
fo eager to fell the Indians Lickers, y! mod of the Indians fpent all in
Drynknes, and then raueved upon the fober Indians, and thay did
believe often did hurt the Englilh Catell, and ther King could not pre-
vent it.

" We knew before, thefe were their grand Complaints, but then we
only indevered to perfuaid yf all Complaints might be righted without
War, but could have no other Anfwer but that thay had not heard of
that Way for the Governor of Yorke and an Indian King to have the
Hearing of it. We had Cafe to think in y! had bine tendered it wold
have bine accepted. We indevered y{ however thay fhould lay downe
the War, for the Englifli wear to Strong for them ; thay faid, then the
Englifli fliould do to them as they did wh ■'n thay wear to ftrong for
the Englifli.

" So we departed without ani Difcurtioufnefs, and fudingly had Let-
ter from Plimoth Governor thay intended in Arms to conforem Philip,
but no Information what y! was thay required, or w* Termes he refufed
to have their Qiiarrell defided ; and in a Weke's Time after we had
bine with the Indians the War thus begun."

If this is authentic, it is interesting, and indicates the
utmost that — from his side of the question — a wily sav-
age could then suggest in extenuation of the proposed
outbreak. The insinuated poisoning of Alexander may

XXX

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

have been the utterance of an honest suspicion on the part
of Philip and his friends: it sounds more like an advantage
taken of the impossibility of contrary proof, to urge a con-
scious and mischievous slander. Nor is there any thing
in what Easton says to give color to the notion of a gen-
eral conspiracy among all the tribes to crush out the
whites.

The results of the war were heavy to the Colonies,
Ten or twelve towns were utterly destroyed, and two-
score of others more or less damaged and depopulated.
From five to six hundred men fell in the various fights,
were murdered in stealthy assaults, or were carried away
captive, never to return. More than £100,000 were ex-
pended in the struggle; and, at its close, it is estimated
that the Old Colony was left under a debt which exceeded
the value of the entire personal property of its people!
As a natural consequence, the Plymouth Colonists were
nearly discouraged. But, from her thin soil and her vari-
ous industries, she gradually pushed on to square herself
with the world, until she had paid the last dollar of prin-
cipal and interest I

The causes which aroused those later hostilities, which
called out the several Eastern Expeditions recounted in
this Second Part, were not diflferent essentially from those
which lay at the root of " Philip's War," except as the
intermeddling of the French may have had to do with

xxxi

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION.

exciting', exasperating, and sustaining tlicm. Tlic Indians
grew more and more dissatisfied as they saw the Colonists
advancing it] wealth and power, and every year fixing
themselves with a firmer hold upon the soil. It was this
inherent hostility between a savage race and that civilized
one which it sees to be too strong for it, and to be mena-
cing its future, added to the Indian's natural love for
blood and pillage, which stimulated attacks which were
sought to be excused by pretences that this treaty had not
been faithfully kept, or that promise had not been honestly
performed.

It may be doubted, however, whether even the fierce
savage of the eastern wilds would not have chosen to re-
treat from the coasts toward the Five Nations without
risking the chances of confli6l, if he had not been urged
on and aided and abetted even in his brutalest work, by
the deadly hatred then borne by the French settler to his
English competitor; in which the old hostility of race was
supplemented and intensified by the ferocity of Jesuit-
fanned fanaticism.

When the echoes of the last hearty war-whoop died
away among the New-England hills, a new leaf was
turned in her history. Even her strong men breathed
freer as they wrought along her frontiers; and her women
slept sweeter, with their little ones around them, every-
where under the deep shadows of her ancestral woods.

xxxii

^-^-i^^^tW"^

HISTORY

OF THK

E J STERN EXPEDITIONS.

r 55 1

A further Account of the Aftions

in the more later Wars againft the Common
Enemy and Indian Rebels in the Kailern
Parts, under the Command of the aforefaid
Capt. Benj, Church,^

IN tlio time of Sir Edmnmi Androfs\'^ Government,
began that bloiuly War in the Eallcrn Parts of
Ncw-En)];land\ lb that immediately Sir lidmund
Tent an Exprefs for Capt. Church\ who then being
at Little Compton'^ received it on a Lords Day' in

' See IiitrodiK^tiou, fi)r Come ncc(»Miit
of the raiilcH wliiili Icil to tlicle " more
lak-r warK."

'•' Sit- lidmuud Amlfos wn» born In
GuciufL'^' in i6,y ; wi'iU into tliL army,
where, throiiKJi favor of the Duke of
York, lie rcceiveil promotion; in 1664
WUH appointed Governor of the Duke'n
territories in America; arrived at New
York 31 Oiit., i^>74; foon began to fu-
pcrvife the moral and religious, as well
as the civil affairs of the people; in
1675, attempted in vain to extend his
authority over Conne»5licut. In Feb.,
1685, the Duke of York, fuccccding to
the throne as James II., appointed An-
dros Governor of all the New-England
Colonies except Connedlicut. He ar-
rived at Bofton 20 Dec., 1686, and began
to remove old officers, overturn ex-
iffing inffitutions, and enter upon a
prac'lical defpotifm. 12 Jan., 1687, he
aflfumed the Government of Rhode if-

land ; and, 13 June, that of Connei'ticut,
which he claimed by fupplementary in-
ftruiitions. After the news of the land-
ing of the Prince of Orange reached
Hodon, an infurrecHion took place there
18 April, 1689, and Andros was im-
prifoned. In Feb., 1690, he was fent
home to England, by commanti of Wil-
liam III., who, in 1693, appointed him
Governor of V^irginia, where he for the
ilrft time had a popular adminillration,
but returned to England in 1699; was
Governor of Guernfey from 1704 to
1706; and died in London, Feb., 1714,
at the age of 82. [Governors of Mufs.
Bay, 403-422.]

' Capt. Church muft have been at
Saconet on a tranfient vifit, as he was
at this time a refident of Briftol. [See
Introdudory Memoir, Part I., of this
work, p. xxviii.]

* The date of this occurrence would
feem to be approximately fixed by the

the afternoon Mcclin*^; p)in^ homo after Meeting', took
his Ilorl'c and let out for IioJ}on^ as ordered; and by Sun
rife next Morning got to Jinuiiry^' vvliere he met with
Col. Pac^c*^ on Ilorle-back, going to Wcytnoiith and //inj^
ham to raife Forces to go Kail ; who laid he was ghid to
fee him, and that liis Excellency would be as glad to lee
him in liojlon I'o early, lb parting, he loon got to Jiojlon^

prohahilit_y that it nuil\ linve been hc-
twi'cii the 3c) ()t4., i6SS, whon AtulroH
ill'iicd liih proi'laniatioti iVikin;; to lo-
ciirc peace ainoiik; the Kalli-rii IiuliaiiN,
and that time hi the lollowiiiK Novem-
ber (lliitihinl'ou \/fiJi- Mn/s. i: 331)
fayn "in tlie hej,'inniii>,' of November" ;
Willis [///>?. Portland (cd. 1865), 274J
iayn " earl^ in November"; William-
fon [llijl. Maim', i : 589! '"".vs " hite in
November"), when lie darted, with his
force of 700 or 800 men, for the Ka(tern
country.

f* What was then known as Hrnintree
is now known as Qiuncy; the prefent
Hraintrcc beinj^ at tiiat time called Mo-
mtliijnot, \Addrt'l's at the ofvniup; 0/
the uciv Toivn Hall in DraiHtrce, July
29, 1858, by Hon. C. F. Adams, 67;
Vinton Memorial^ 463].

® Nicholas Paige was in Bofton in
1665 ; married Ann, daughter of Ed-
ward Kcaync, and widow of Edward
Lane (which Ann was tried for adul-
tery 23 May, 1666, and made confcfllon
of *' much wickednes ") ; ferved in Phil-
ip's War, and was witnefs to articles
of peace with the Narraganfetts 15 July,
1675 ; was Captain of one of the com-
panies raifed in Bofton on the over-

throw of Andros; wn» Captain of the
Ancient and Honorable Arfillery Com-
pany in i^K/s. He In called " Lt. Coll."
in 1688. He died, probably, hite in
1717. In tlie repairH made, in 1863,
u|)on the L'nivernty Library liuilding
in Leyden, Holland, there were fouiul
under the floor of that room whicli for
many yearn was ufed as a chapel by the
Scotch I'relbyterian Church, fix memo-
rial lloneK, ami parts of twelve bodies.
One of the Hones bore the following
infcription : —

Here lieth buried Edivard Paige,
onely fon of JVicolas and Anna J'aigc,
born at Hollon in New England,
Feb. 20, i()i2, died in Leyden, Nov. 1,
1680, N.S.

The firft date fliould, of courfe, bo
i66j,and this is clearly the Edward /.ane
of whom Savage fpeaks [6V//. Viii,
iii : 50] as the fon, of that birth-date, of
his mother while ftill the wife of Ed-
ward Lane; whofe name, for fome
wile reafon, was changed to that of his
mother's fecond huHjand, after her fec-
ond marriage. [Savage's Gen. Did. iii :
332. Mafs. Col. Rex. iv (pt. 2): 309;
Drake's lliji, Bojl. i: 48/. Leyden

[ 55 ]

and waiti'il upon his Excellency; who infornu'il luiii of an
utiliappy War broke out in the Kallern I*arts; and laid
he was j^oin^ liinileir in IVrlon, and that he wanted his
Company vvitli him: Hut Capt. Church not linihn^' in him-
I'elf the Tame Spirit he us'd to have,' laid, he hopM his Kx-
cellency would ^nve liim time to coniider of it. I le told him
he mi«,dit; and alio laid that lie mull come and Dine with
him. Capt. Church havin«; many accjuaintance in Jio/lou^
who made it their bulincls Ibme to incouraj^e, and others
to dilcourai^e him from ^c)ing with his Kxcellency." So
atler Dinner his Excellency took him into his room and
difcours'd freely; layin*; that he havin<i knowled«;e of his
former Actions and Succelles; and that he mull ^o with
him, and be his Second, with other incoura«,a'ments. lUit
in fhort, the laid Capt. Church did not accept, lb was dif-
mill, and went home.

Soon aller this was the Revolution, and the (ither Gov-
ernment Re-airumed;" and then Governour Broadjlrcct^'^

^ This can fcarccly refer to any (eel- ton ; and, two days aller, Gov. Drad-

inn incident to advaneinji a;,'e, lor Capt. llreet and the Ma;.{i(trates who had heen

Church was not yet 50. cholen in 1686, rcl'iinied tiic direi'tion of

« AndroH was at tiiis time fo unpopu- atfrirs. (llutchinlbn's lliji. Mafs. i:

lar, tliat very few perfons in Hollon 333-344-J

would then be apt i) advifo a friend '" Simon liratijinct was born — the

to aid him, or undertake any thing un- fon of a Non-Conformill minifter — at

dcr him. Ilorbling, in Lincolnlhire, in March,

* The fmothered llame broke out into 1603; took A.B. 1630 and A.M. 1624,

the arrell of the Governor, a portion of at Emanuel College, Cambridge ; was

his Council, and other obnoxious per- Ueward of the Earl of Lincoln, and

fons — about 50 in all — on Thurfday, then of the Countefs of Warwick;

18 April, 1689. On the 23 May, the came with Winthrop in the •' Arbclla,"

reprefentativcs of 54 towns met in Bof- 1630; fettled in Newtown (Cambridge),

rss]

font for Capt. Church to come to Bojlon^ as foon as his
bufincfs would permit: Where-iipon he went to Bojlon^ and
waited upon his Honour;'' who told him he was requeiled
by the Council to fend for him, to fee if he could be pre-
vail'd with to Raife Volunteers both EngliJJi and Indians
to go Eaft; for the Eaflward Indians had done great fpoil
upon the EngiiJJi in thofe Parts ;"^ giving him an account
of the Miferies and Sufferings of the People there: Capt.
Churches Spirits being affefted, faid, If he could do any
Service for his Honour, the Country, and their relief, lie
was ready and willing: His advice was asked, How he
would a6t, he faid. He would take with him as many of
his old Souldiers as he could get, both ErtgliJJi and In-

lived afterward at Ipfwich, Ando-
ver, Bofton, and Salem. He was the
firft Secretary of the Mafs. Colony ;
Commiflioner of the United Colonies ;
Deputy Governor 1672-9; afterward
Governor until 1686; was the head of
the moderate party, but oppofed An-
dres's arbitrary adts, and refumed his
place at the head of alTairs when An-
dros was depofed, where he continued
until Sir William Phipps came, in 1692,
with the new Charter. He died 27
March, 1697, aged 94. He married (i)
Ann, daughter of Gov. Thomas Dud-
ley, by whom he had Samuel, Dorothy,
Sarah, Simon, Hannah, Mercy, Dudley,
and John; (2) Ann, widow of Capt.
Jofeph Gardner, and daughter of Eman-
uel Downing. [Savage's Gen. Di£i. i :
236; N. E. Hijl. & Gen. Reg. i : 75.]

" The date of this is approximately
fixed by cotemporary documents. Gov.

Bradftreet wrote to Gov. Hinckley, 17
July, 1689, " We have written to Capt.
Church"; and 2 Aug., 1689, "Capt.
Church having alfo been written to
from hence thereabouts, who is now
here with the Council treating about
that affair," &c. [Hinckley Papers, 4
Mafs. Hijl. Coll. v : 204-5.]

^^ In April, 1689, the Indians renewed
hoflilities at Saco; and 27 June, Coche-
co ^now Dover, N.II.) was furprifed,
and Maj. Waldron and 23 others were
killed, and 29 were taken captive, and
fold to the French in Canada. 2 Aug.,
Pemaquid was deftroyed, and the in-
habitants Eaft of Falmouth (Portland,
Me.) withdrew in terror to that town, or
removed to other places of fuppofed
fecurity. [Mather's Magnolia (orig.
ed.). Book vii : 64-5; Williamfon's
Hiji. Maine, i: 6io; Willis's HiJl.
Portland, 275,]

[ 5fi 1

dians, &c. The Gentlemen of Bofton requefled him to go
[56] to RJiodc-IJla7id Government to ask their airiftance:
So giving him their Letter, and about 40 s. in Money, he
took leave and went home to Briftol on a Saturday; and
the next Monday Morning he went over to Rhodc-IJland,
and waited upon their Governour,'^ delivering the Letter,
as ordered; pray'd his Honour for a fpeedy anfwer: " who
faid, they could not give an anfwer prefently; fo he waited
upon them till he had their anfwer; and when he had ob-
tain it, he carryed it to the Bqflon Gentlemen; who defired
him to Raife what Volunteers he could in Plymotith Col-
ony,'"^ and R/iodc-IJIand Government, & what was wanting
they would make up out of their's that was already out in
the Eaftern Parts. The Summer being far fpent Capt.

1" Walief Clark, eldeft fon of Jere-
miah of Newport, was born about 1639;
was a Qiiaker; was freeman in 1665;
6 Nov., 1672, was member of a com-
mittee to audit the accounts between
the Colony and its creditors; in 1673
and 1674 was on the committee to fee
that the eleiSlion was conducted in an
orderly manner; 2 May, 1676, was
chofen Governor ; for many years after-
ward was Deputy Governor, and then
Governor again in 1686, and once
more in 1696; died 22 May, 1714, aged

74. lie married (i) Content ,

who died March, 1666; (2) Hannah,
daughter of Richard Scott, who died
24july, 1681; (3) Freeborn, daughter
of Roger Williams, and widow of
Thomas Hart, who died 10 Dec, 1709;
(4) Sarah, daughter of Matthew Prior,

and widow of John Gould. [Savage's
Gen. Did. i: 403; R.-I. Col. liec. ii :
147, 481, 183, 517, 541; iii: 30, 186,
312.]

1* When the Revolution oufted An-
dros, the old Charter Government was
refumed in Rhode liland, but the
•'wary Clark" — who had been Gov-
ernor when Andros arrived and feized
the State — " hefitated to accept his
former port ; and for ten months Rhode
Ifland was without an acknowledged
Governor." [Arnold's Hiji. R.-I. i :
512.] It was during thefe ten months
that Church "waited upon him";
whence the difficulty of giving " an
anfwer prefently" finds ready explana-
tion.

1*^ Plymouth Court met 14 Aug., 1689,
and voted their " concurrence " accord-

[S6]

Church made what difpatch he could, and raifed about 250
Men Vohintcers, and receiving his Commiffion from Go-
vernour Hinklcy^'^' which is as followeth, viz.

' The Cotmcil of War of their Moje/iies Colony of
* New-Plymouth in New-England. To Major
' Benjamin Church, Commander in Chief.

* T 11 TTIereas the Kennebec k & Eaflern Indians with their

' ^ ' Confederates, have openly made War upon their

* Majefties Subjc6ts of the Provinces of Maine, New- H amp-

ing to their "weak capacity," in the
meafures propofed bj Maffachufctts to
fubdue the Eaftern favages. They in-
ftrinfted their Cominiflioners (i) to be
fatisfied as to the grounds of the War;
(2) to take care not to be overcharged
for its carrying on ; (3) to endeavor
not to be involved in charges formerly
contradted ; (4) to fecure due allowance
to volunteers, and due bounty to the
wounded ; (5) to arrange for difburfe-
ments to be repaid in time convenient;
(6) to ftipulate that what fhall be due
to Plymouth foldiers Ihall be paid here,
to prevent charge of tranfportation and
other lofs ; (7) that it be endeavored to
engage the Mohawks as allies. It was
alfo ordered " that the millitary officers
of each town forthwith ufe their en-
deavour to encourage Englifh& Indians
to a volluntary going out in this pref-
ent expedition under com'and of Capt.
Church," &c. ; and that if a competent
number fliould not volunteer " then
fuch a number fhall be preffed as Ihall
be by the Councill of war agreed upon

in the feverall towns where vollunteers
enough do not r.ppear."

It was further ordered, and I infert
the order as curioufly intimating the
proportionate ftrength of the towns of
Plymouth Colony at this date, that
" the proportion for men and armes
for each towne for this prefcnt expedi-
tion lliall be as followeth : each man
to be provided with a well fixt gun,
fword, or hatchet, a borne or cartouch
box, fuitable am'unition and a fnap-
fack." viz : —

a , Armca,

Men

. Armea.

Plymoutli,

Rochefter,

Scituate,

Monamoy,

Mardifield,

SucconefTett,

Duxborough,

Briftoll,

Bridgewater,

Taunton,

Middleborough,

Rehoboth,

Barnftable,

Dartmouth,

Eafthani,

Swanfey,

Sandwich,

Freetown,

Yarmouth,

Little Compton,

IPlyin. Col.

Rei

■. vi

: 212-216.]

1" Thomas Hinckley was born in 1618,
in Tenterden, Kent, being fon of Samuel,
who cam^ to this country in the Hercules,

[56]

^ Jliire^ and of the MaffacJmfdts Colony, having committed

* many barbarous Murders, Spoils & Rapines upon their

* Perfons «& Eftates. And whereas there are fome

* Forces of Souldiers EngliJJi and Indians^'^ now raifed
' & detached out of the feveral Regiments & Places within

* this Colony o{ New-Plymouth, to go forth to the ainilance
' of our Neighbours & Friends of the aforefaid Provinces

* and Colony of the Maffachu/etls, Subje6ls of one and the

* fame Crown; and to joyn with their Forces for the re-

* pelling and deftru6lion of the common Enemy. And

* whereas you. Benjamin Church are appointed to be Ma-
^ jor & Commander in Chief of all the Forces EnglifJi and

* Ittdians detached within this Colony, for the Service of
' their Majeflies as aforefaid. ^\)t%t are in their Majefties

* Name to Authorize & Require you to take into your care

* & condu6t all the faid Forces EngliJIi and Indians, and

* diligently to intend that Service, by leading and exercif-

* ing of your Inferiour Officers and Souldiers, commanding

* them to obey you as their Chief Commander; and to
' purfue, fight, take, kill or deftroy the faid Enemies, their

in 1635. He was Deputy from Barn- Experience Majhew, and another Sam-

ftable as early as 1645, and Afliftant in uel Prince. [Otis's ll(/i. Barnjlablc,

1658; Deputy Governor in 1680; and 1:308-313.]

Governor in 1681, holding the office, i' Mr. Drake S^Book of the Indians.,

except when it was ufurped by Andros, 270] dates, on the authority of a MS.

until the abforption of the Colonj^, letter of Capt. Baffett of this Expedi-

when he was made Councillor of Mafs. tion, that there was an Indian Com-

He died atBarnftable, 25 April, 1705, (Bt. pany commanded by Capt. Amos, and

87. He married (i) Mary Richards; another by Capt. Z>a«/c// while Church

(2) Mary Glover, daughter of Lawrence fcems to imply that the Saconct In-

Smith, and widow of Nathaniel Glo- dians who were with him were under

ver. One of his daughters married Capt. Ntimpas,

[57]

* Aiders and Abetters, by all the waycs and means you

* can, as you fhall have opportunity. And you to obferve

* & obey all fuch Orders and Inflru6tions as from time to

* time you fhall receive from the Commilfioners of the

* Colonies, the Council of War of this Colony, or the Go-
' vernour and Council of the MaJfachufcHs Colony. In
' Teftimony whereof the Publick Seal of the faid Colony

* of Ncw-PlymoiUh is here-unto affixed. Dated in Ply'

* month the Sixth day of September^ Anno Dom. 1689.

* Annoque Rcgni Regis et Regince Willielmi ct Marire

* Anglice^ &c. Primo.

Thomas Ilinkley, Prcjident. [57]

And now Marching them all down to Bojlon^ then le-
ceived his further Orders and Inftru6tions: which are as
followeth,

Bojlon^ Sep tern. 16th. 1689.

To all Sheriff's, Marffialls, Conjlables, and other Officers
Military and Civil, in their Majejlics Province

of Maine.

* \ T Tllereas purfuant to an agreement of the Commif-

' ' ' iioners of the United Colonies, Major Benjamin
^ Church is Commiifionated Commander in Chief over

* that part of their Majellies Forces (levyed for the pref-

* ent Expedition againft the Common Enemy) whofe

* head quarters are appointed to be at Falmouth in Ca/co
' Bay. In their Majellies Names, You, and every of you

[ 57 ]

* arc required to be aidinf]^ and allilHn^^f to the laid Maj.
' Churchy in his purfute of the Enemy, as any Kmer<:fency
' fhall require; and to rmprels Boats, or other VelVels, Carts,

* Carriai^es, Ilorles, Oxen, Provifion and Ammunition, and

* Men for f^uides &c. as you fhall receive Warrants from the

* faid Chief Commander, or his Lieutenant fo to do: You
' may not fail to do the fame fpeedily and etfe6tually, as
' you will anfwer your nc<^le6t and contempt of their
' Majeflies Authority and Service at your uttermoft Peril.
' Given under my Hand and Seal the Day and Year above
' Written. Annoqiie Rcgi Regis et Regime Willielmi &
' Mariic Primo.

By Thomas Danforth,'*^ Prefident of the
Province of Maine.

By the Governour and Council of the Maf/achnfetts Colony.
To Major Benjamin Church.

* T T Tllereas you arc appointed and commillioned by the

Y V i Council of War of the Colony of Nezv-Plymonth^
' Commander in Chief of the Forces raifed within the faid

* Colony, againft the Common Indian Enemy, now ordered
' into the Eaftern Parts, to joyn with fome of the Forces
' of this Colony; for the profecution, repelling and fubdu-

1** Thomas Danforth, of Cambridge, Andros ; in 1680 was appointed Prefi-

was eldefl: fon of Nicolas; was born dent for Maine, and, in 1692, Judge of

in England; was freeman 10 May, 1643 ; the Supreme Court; died 5 Nov., 1699.

Deputy 1657-8; Afliftant 1659-78; Dcp- He married Mary Withington, of Dor-

uty Governor 1679-86, and again after chefter. [Savage's Gen. Did. ii : 8.]
2 9

[57]

' ing of the laid Enemy. It is therefore Ordered that

* Cjiptain Simon Willard^'^ and Capt. Nathanacl Hall^''^*

* with the two Companies of Souldiers under their feveral

* Command belonging to this Colony, now in or about
' (^a/co Bay, be and are hereby put under you, as their

* Commander in Chief for this prefent Expedition. And
' in purfuancc of the CommilHons feverally given to either

* of them, they are Ordered to Obferve and Obey your
^ orders and diredtions, as their Commander in Chief until
' further Order from the Governour & Council; Or the
' CommilTioners of the Colonies. Dated in Bojlon the
' 17th day of September, Anno Doni. 1689. Annoque

IS* Simon Willard was third Con of
Muj. Simon; born 33 Nov., 1649; free-
man 16S0; Captain in this war; was
Deacon; died 21 June, 1731. He mar-
ried (i) about 1679, Martha, daugliter of
Richard Jacob, of Ipfwich ; (2) 30 April,
1702, Elizabeth, widow of John Wal-
ley, and daugiitcr of the fecond John
Alden; (3) July, 1723, Prifcilla But-
tolph. [Savage's Gen. Did. iv : 555.]

■■'" I cannot identify this Captain, ex-
cept by the fuppoiition that he was the
fame " Capt. Nathaniel Mall " who
joined the Ancient and Honorable Ar-
tillery Company' in 1692, and who is
barely mentioned by name, by Whit-
man. \_HiJi- A»c9. <& Hon. Art. 228.]
It feems to me that Mr. Savage is mif-
taken in faying that he was that fon of
the firft John of Yarmouth, who married
Anne Thornton, pradlifed as a phyfi-
cian, kept tavern, &c., &c. It is hardly
probable that there were two cotempo-

rary Nathaniel Halls of Yarmouth, both
of whom fought the Indians. But that
Nathaniel Hall who received grants
from the Plymouth Colon}' in July,
1681, and July, 1683, and who was li-
cenfed to keep an ordinary, in addition
to a grant of £5 per annum, 5 June,

1684, to which £30 more, with the
promife of £6 per annum, were added
in June, 1685, — all on account of his
"contenewed lamenefs " as "a de«
criped fouldier, whoe became foe by a
wound received in the late Indian
warr," was of Yarmouth. And as he
was thus an untitled penfioner up to

1685, it feems unlikely that he could
have been the Capt. Nathaniel who
marched under Church in 1689. ^•'*
Otis, however, thinks he was the fame.
[Savage's Gen. Did. ii : 336; Plym.
Col. Rec. vi : 65, 112, 130, 132, 169;
Freeman's ////?. Cape Cod, ii : 203.
Otis's Hiji. Barnjlable, i: 241.]

[S8J

* Rcc^ni Regis ct Rcgincc Guiliclnii ct Marine Anc;U(C^ &c.
' Pn'mo.

Pajl in Council, S. BracKlrcct, GOV.

Athjl Ilhac Atklington, Sccr?^ [58]

By the Commiffwncrs of the Colonies <7/'//Jt'MalTacluifctts,

Plymouth and Connecticut, for managina^ the prrfent

War againfl the Common Enemy.

^ 5)UStturtiOUSi ioi* Major Benjamin Chnreh Commander

in Chief of the Plymouth Forces, with others of tlie

Maffachufetts put under his Command.

IN Purfuance of the Commilfion f^iven you for their
* Majefly's Service in the prefent Expedition againll the
Common Indian Enemy, their Aidors and Abettors; re-
pofing confidence in your Wifdom, Prudence and Fi-
delity in the trull committed to you, for the honour of
God, good of His People, and the fccurity of the Interefl
of Chrill in His Churches, expecting and praying that in
your dependancc upon Him, you may be helped &
alUfled with all that Grace and Wifdom which is requi-
fite for carrying you on with Succefs in this difficult Ser-
vice; and tho' much is and mull be left to your difcrction
as Providence and opportunity may prefent from time to
time in places of attendence: Yet the following Inllruc-
tions are commended unto your obfervation, and to be

21 //7/«c /l(W/V/^/o«, only fon of Ifaac, Council, and Secretary, in which office
of Bofton, born 22 Jan., 1645 ; was bred he continued many years. He was
for a furgeon, but was chofen Deputy afterward Judge. lie died 19 Mar.,
1685, ^"d next year AfTiftant. Under 1715, cBt. 70. [Allen's Biog. Didi.
the new Charter, he was one of the 14.]

[5«]

' attended \h far as the State of matters with you in luch a
' tranljK^tion will admit. You are with all poUible fpecd
' to take care that the Plymouth Forces both Etii^liJ/i and
' Indians under your Command be fixed and ready, and
' the lirll opportunity ol' Wind & Weather, to «jjo on
' board fueh Vellels as are provided to tranlport yoii and

* them to Ca/co, where if it fliall pleale Ciod you arrive,
' you are to take und(^»" your care & conmiand the Coni-
' panics of Capt. Nathauacl IJal/, and Capt. Simon Wil-
' lani^ who are ordered to attend your Command, whom
' together with the Plymouth Forces, and fuch as iVom time
' to time may be added unto you; you are to improve in
' fuch way as you fhall fee meet, for the difcovering,
' purfuing, fubduing and deftroying the faid Common En-
' cmy, by all opportunities you are capable of; alwayes
' intending the preferving any of the near Towns from
' incurfions, and dellru6tion of the Enemy, yet chiefly

* improving your men for the finding and following the
' faid Enemy abroad, and if poifible to find out & attach
' their head quarters and principal Randezvouz, if you find
' you are in a rational capacity of fo doing; the better to
' inable you thereto. We have ordered two men of War
' Sloops, and other fmall VefTels for tranfportation, to attend

* you, for fome confiderable time. You are to fee that

* your Souldiers Arms be always fixt, and that they be

* furnifhed with Ammunition, Provifions and other necef-
' faries, that fo they may be in a readinefs to repel and

* attach the Enemy. In your purfute you are to take

[59]

fpccial care to avoid danc^cr by Anibiinimcnts, or bcin'jf
drawn uiulor any diradvaiita«;c by tlic Kncniy in your
'Marches, Keepinix out Scouts and a forlorn before your
main Body, and by all poHible means endeavourin<( to
Surprize fbme oi'tlie Ktiemy, that lb you may ^ain intelli-
<j;ence. You are to Supprels all Mutinies and Dilbrilers
among your Souldiers, as much as in you lies, and to
punifh fuch as difobcy your Otficcrs, according to the
rules of War herewith given you. [59]
' You are according to your opportunity, or any occa-
fion more than ordinary occurring to hold correfpondence
with Major Szoainc^" and to yield Mutual allillance when
and as you are capable of it, and you may have reafon to
judge it will be of moil Publick Service; and it will be
meet you and he fliould agree of fome Signal whereby
your Indians may be known from the Enemy. You aic
to incourage your Souldiers to be induflrious, vigorous,
and venturous in their Service, to fearch out and delb'oy
the Enemy, acquainting them. It is agreed by the feveral
Colonies, That they fhall have the benefit of the Captives,
and all lawful Pluoder, and the Reward of Eis'ht Pounds
per head, for every fighting Indian man flain by them,
over and above their Stated wages ; the fame being made
appear to the Commander in Chief, or fuch as fhall be
appointed to take care therein. If your Commiifion Offi-

^^2 This appears to have been Jeremiah previous to this war, and was at the

Swain, of Reading, who was Deputy head of a regiment in 1691. [Savage's

i686 and 1689, ^"'^ Aflillant the latter Gen. Did. iv: 235; Mu/s. Col. Rec.

year. He was Captain for many years v: 476, 514.]

[59]

ccrs or any oftlicm fliould be (lain, or othcrwil'o iiiuapa-
blc of Service, and for I'uch reafon dirinill, yciU are to
appoint others in their room, who (hall liavc the like
wajjjes, and a ConiniiHion lent upon notice given, you to
*f\\'c tiiem Coninii (lions in the mean time. You are
to take etVe^tual care that the Worlhip ofCiod be kept up
in the Army, Mornin*^ and Evening Prayer attendeil as
far as may be, and as the Kmergeneies of your alVairs
will admit, to fee that the holy Sabbath be duely vSan<!;ti-
hed. You are to take care as much as may be to prevent
or punilh Drunkennefs, Swearing, Curfnig, or fuch other
Sins, as do provoke the anger of God. You arc to ad-
vife with your Chief OlFicers in any matters of Moment,
as you fliall have opportunity. You are from time to
time to give intelligence and advice to the Governour &
Council of the MaJJ'ac/nifctts, or Commillioners of the
Colonies of your proceedings and occurrence that may
happen, and how it Ihall pleafe the Lord to deal with yoU
in this prcfent Expedition.
' If you find the Vcirds arc not likely to be Serviceable
' to you, difmifs them as foon as you may.

* Capt. Silvanus Davis^ is a prudent Man, and well

'■^'* SylvHtius Davis was at Shecpfcot time, being liccnfcd, in 16S7, "to retail
1659; I'wore allegiance to the King liquors out of doors in the town of Fal-
1665; was wounded by tlie Indians at mouth"; became unpopular in the days
Arrowfick when Captain Lake was of Andros; commanded the fort; was
killed; removed to Falmouth (Port- captured by the French and Indians in
land) 1680; became a large land-owner May, 1690; was exchanged for a French-
there, and had the moft extenfive ware- man 15 0&.., 1690; was put into the
houfe in the Eafterh country at that Council by the Charter of William and

»4

[ 50 1

* acquainted witii the atlairs of* thole parts, and is vvritt

* uiUo to aih He and inlbrni you all he can.

* Siieii further inllrii;Hions as we fliall lee reafon to fend

* unto von, you are earefuiiy to attend and oblerve, and in

* the ahfenee ofthe Coniinillioners, you Ihall oblerve the

* orders and inllruetions dire«^ted unto you iVoin the (jov-

* ernour and Council of the Mdjjiuliu/ctts.

Given Uiuiir our hands in Bollon, Sept. i8. i6S().
Tho. Jlinklcv Tlnnnas Danforth^ I'relident.

John Walliy' lilijha Coohc'''

Sinniu'l Ma fan '^'
William J'ilhin:"

Mary 1691 ; lived in his hitter cIsivn at
Hull, Mai's.; difd 1704, leaviuj^ a wife,
hut no liiildieii. lie wrote an aecoimt
of his eaptiire, iVe., iVe., whieli is on
file in tiie Mais. State I'aper OlVice,
and was printed in 3 A/,r/s. //(/?. Coll.
i : loi-iij. [Willis's /////. J'ort. ii, 131,
208, 226, 231, 234, 258, 263, 284. 293;
8avaj,'e'8 (tin. DiC'l. ii: 21.]

'^^ yo/in Wtilliy was Ton of Rev.
Tiioinas, of IJarnllahle; was liorn in
1643; was admitted to the Ancient and
Honorable Artillery 167 1 ; freeman
1673; Captain 1679; was intcrelled in
the I'cttlement of l)ril\ol ; was one of

Andros'R Council 16S6; was chief mili-
tary otlicer of the expedition to (,^ie-
bec 1690; was Judj,'e of the Superior
Court 1700-11; died iti Hollon 11 Jan.,
1712, trl. 68. lie publillied a Journal
of tiie (.Quebec .Cxpeilition, wliieii is
contained in the appeiulix to the Ihil
volume of llutchinfon's Ilillory of Maf-
fachuretts, lie had a finj^idiir contro-
verfy witii John Sallln, A: in which
Judj;e H\lielil became alio involved.
[Savage's (ic/i. Did, iv : 4cx3; Uijl.
Ain'^i. ii- lion. Art. 185; Freeman's
Ilijl. Cape Cod, \ : 323 ; Walhhurn'.s
yiulic. IliJl. MaJ$. 270. J

■^ Elijha Cooke, fon of Richard, of Deputy 16S1-3; Anillant 1684-6; of
Hollon, was u phyfician ; freenum 1673; the Council of Safety 1689; was agent

'-" Samuel Ma/on was eldcft fon of July, 1664; Lieut. 1670; freeman 1673;
Maj. John ; born at Windlbr, Conn., on the court-marlhal for New London

'■" William Pitkin was of Hartford, Deputy 1675 ; Trcafurer 1676 ; was Af-
Conn., fon of Roger; freeman 1662; fillant many years; Comtniffioner for

[Co]

(>(>

I The Firft Expedition, FjiJi.

BI'jMj,' ready,"'* Major Church Inibark'il witli liis I^'orcos
on board the Vclll'ls |")rovide'd to tranl'port .tlu'iii lor
Cn/io^*' haviii^^ a l)ra\c dale at S. W aiul on Fryday about
3 a eloek they ^'ot in H<^'lit i)\' C(f/io Harbour; aiul ibl'eoiir-
llni,^ two or tliree Iniall Ships tliere, not knowini; before
whether they were friends or enemies; wliereiipon the
faid Commander Maj Church ^Mve orders that every man
tliat was able ihouKl make ready, and all ly elofe, ^'iv in*;
orders how they Ihoiild a^H in eafe they were ICnemies:
lie goin<; in the Mary Sloop, to;j;ether with the Rcfolutiou
went in firll, bein«jj both well fitted with Guns & Men;
coniin«^to the lirll, haiPd them, who faid they were friends;

f(ir MnlH. in Kiij,'laiul. with Oaken niul ln.'tli, (laiijiliti'i- oCGov. Lcvcrctt. (Sftv-
Matlu-r, i6</>-i ; Juil;,'cor I'roliato I7nr ; n;,'c'8 (i,tt. Did. \\ 445; Bradlord'H
tli1.1l 31 OiH., 1715. lie niarrieil Kli/u- New lutif. Jiioif. iri.|

Co., 1^176; Deputy from Stoniii},'toii, He married (l) ? ; (j) Eli/. Peek.

167S-8J; AHillaiU i6S.^-8y; Captain [ C"<;/. /I'rr. C\<;/«. ii : 132, 201, 484; iii :

iC)S5; afterwartl Major and Commil- 3, 17, 3''). <'/>. 75. if)6, 114, 170, Sii\\ N,

lioner lor Conn.; died 30 Mar., 1705. E. llijL d- Lieu. liv^. xv : 117, 118.J

tlie United Colonies 1678; and to treat He married Hannah, only daughter of
witii Gov. Duni,'an 16S3 ; CoinniKrioner Ozias Goodwin. \':^^^\■^'^^;\ (icn. Dili.
a^'ain later; died 15 Dec. 1694, tci. 58. iii: 441; Col. lice. Conn, iii: i, i7,vVe.J

•jx K Major Church arrived at l-'al- Portland, ^Je.,) notwithflaiuliiijf the

mouth ill the latter part of .Septemher." town had received fVf)m MaHachuCetts

[Williamfon's /lift. Maine, \ : 616.] the corporate name Falmouth, as eiirly

•^ "The old Indian name Cu/co con- as 1658." The familiar ahorijj[inal titles

tinned to he ul'ed all the lirll century had then much vitality. [Willis's f/i/f,

after the fettlcment (for what is now Portland, 49.]

[6o]

prcTciitly ManM their Boat, brou^Mit too, and lo caiuo alon;;
tlic lulc of tluMii; who gave the laid C/tun/i an account,
That ycllcrday there was a very ^reat Army of luiiians^
& J'nnch with them upon the I Hand,'" at tlie ^oinj; out of
the Harbour, and that they were come on purpofe to take
Cafco Fort^' and Town, Ukewife inform'd him that they
had f(ot a Captive Woman aboard (Maj. Waldcns dau«;li-
\.^x oi Pi/mtatjua'^'^) that could j;ive liim a fui' account of

•^ Jofi'ph Prout wrote from Falinouth
17 Sept., i6S<j, thill J(K) liuliAiiM were
then on " Pahncr'H Illnnd." [WilliKV
Hiji. Pott. J77.) I'liliiicr'K was what
Ih now IVak's Illaixl. porhaps 5CX) roil»
E. of the moutli of Cafio River.

"' Fort I.oyall had been crc»ited on
CIoovcs'k Neik. on the point, at the foot
of what was afterward Kin^ Street (now
India Street), in 1680, nnd garrifoncd hy
13 men. part of wiioin were fnpporfed
b_v Malfaehiifetts. 24 May, i6Sj, an
n;,'reement was made witii Lieut. An-
thony Ilrackett to keep ti>e fort for one
year, by 6 men in tiie fummer and 4
men in the winter, " i)y continual watcii
nnil ward to keep it as a fort ouj^ht to
be kept." The next year, Waiter CJen-
dall was authorized to take ciiarj^e of
tlie fort if Brackett declined. [Willis's
Jliji. Port. 226, 249, 254.]

"'■^ Richard Wahiron (more properly
Witltfcrnc) was born in Alccl\er, War-
wicklhirc, Eng., where he was baptized
6 Jan., 1615; came to America in 1635,
with Mr. Hilton or Mr. Wigj,'in, to fee
the country; ftaid about two years, and
returned to England and married a
gentlewoman of good family; came

back, nnd fettled at Cochcco I^ower
Kails, lie was, at tlill'erent periotls,
SeleiJtman, Deputy, AlTillant, Major,
Chief-Julliie of New llamplliire, and
acting I'relident. lie was killed by the
Indiana (fee note IJ) 28 June, i68y.
He married (1) the Englilb lady above
referred to; ( j) Anne .Siammon, tiller
of Richard, (he died 7 Feb., 1685. My
thefc wives he had (i) Paul, d. 1669;
(2) Timothy; (3) Rich.ird, b. 1^)50; (4)
Anna; (5) Elnathan, b. 6 July, i^>,sy»
d. 10 Dec, ifi59; ((>) KlUier, b. 1 Dec,
16O0; (7) Mary, b. 14 .Sept. 1663. d.
young; (8) IClea/er, b. i May it'/)5;
(9) Elizabeth, b. 18 Ovit., iM)\ (10)
Marah, b. 17 July, 1668. Either mar-
ried (i) Henry, fon of Henry Elkins,
of Hampton; (2) Abram Lee, " L'by-
mirt," who was killed with Major W. by
the Indians; (3) Richard, fon of Rich-
ard Jofe, of Portfinouth ; (4) ;

and died in the Illand of Jerfey. She,
of courfe, was the perfon here referred
to by Church, having been captured by
the Indians at the time of the murder
of her father and hufband, three months
before, and refcued by a Dutch priva-
teer. [A^. E. I lift. d-Gen. Reg. ix : 55;

»7

[6o]

their number & intentions; lie bid 'cm give his Service to
their Captain, and tell him, lie v^'ould wait upon him after
he had been on fhore and gav'c fome orders and dire6Uons:
being come pretty near he ordered all the Men ftill to keep
clofe, giving an account of the News he had received, and
then went a-fhore, where were feveral of the chief Men of
the Town who met him, being glad that he came fo hap-
pily to their relief; told him the News Mrs. Lee had given
them, being the Woman aforefaid. He going to Capt.
Davis's ^^ to get fome refrefhment, having not eat a Morfel
fiiice he came by Bojlon Callle; and now having inquired
into the State of the Town, found them in a poor condition
for to defend themfelves againft fuch a number of Enemies:
He gave them an account of his Orders and Inftru6tions,
and told them what Forces he had brought, and that when
it was dark they fhould all Land, and not before, left the
Enemy Ihould difcover them. And then he went on board
the Privateer, who were Dutch Men \ but as he went call'd
aboard every Veflel and ordered the Officers to take care
that their Men might be all fitted and provided to fight, for
the People of the Town expe6led the Enemy to fall upon
them every Minute, but withal charging them to keep un-
difcovered; and coming on board the faid Privateer, was
kindly treated; difcours'd Mrs. Lee, who inform'd him

Belknap's Hiji. New Hamp. i: 199; bay" a little E. of the foot of the

Williamfon's HiJi. Me. i : 616.] prefent India Street; his lot there hav-

^ Capt. Davis's [fee note 23, ante'\ ing a front on the tidewater of 147 ft.,

houfe, to which Church now repaired and a depth of 630 ft., to the burying-

for refreflament, flood on the " great ground.

[6.]

that tlic company flie came with had fburfcorc Canoo's:
& tliat there was more of them, whom fhe had not leen,
which came from other Places, and that they told her when
they came all together, fliould make up 700 Men. lie
ask'd her. Whether Caflccn''^^ was with them? She an-
fwcred. That there was feveral French Men with them,
but flic did not know whether [61] Caftccn was there or
not. lie then having got what intelligence flie could give
liim, went afhore and viewed the Fort and Town, difcour-
fing with the Gentlemen there according to his Inftru6tions;
and when it began to grow dark, he ordered the Veflels to
come as near the Fort as might be, and Land the Soul-
diers, with as little noife as poUible; ordering them as the}'
Landed to go into the Fort and Iloufes that flood near,
that fo they might be read}^ upon occafion; having ordered
Provifions for them, went to every Company and ordering

^ Baron Vhiccnt dc St. Cajfin was could be annually realized at Penobfcot

born near the Pyrenees, and became a from the beaver trade. He married

man of wealth and eminence, and an the daujj;htcr of Madockaxvando, chief

officer in the body-guard of the King of the Tarratines; and, being a zealous

of France. He arrived at Qi^iebec Catholic, gave the Englilh great trouble

about 1665 ; and, the regiment which from his indigation of, and aid to, the

he commanded having been difbanded, enemy in Indian wars. The Engliib,

he feledted the pine-clad peninfula of on the other hand, at different times,

Biguatus, in Acadie, as his refidcnce, ufed him very hardly. He went to

where he ere(5ted a fortified habitation, France in 1701, and probably never re-

and for over a quarter of a century turned: His fon, by his Indian wife,

carried on an extenfive and profitable continued to refide at Penobfcot, and to

trade, Ihipping merchandife from be influential among the savages. The

France, and exchanging it with the prefent town of Caftine marks the

Indians for furs. La Hontan eftimated fpot. [/,« Hontan, i : 471 ; Tibierge's

his profits at 200,000 to 300,000 crowns. Mem. Acad/e, 1 OiSi., 1695; Mc. Hiji,

He himfelf tedified that 80,000 livres Coll. vi : 110-113.]

[6i]

them to get every thing ready; they that had no Powder-
horns nor Shot-bags, fhould immediately make them; or-
dering the Olliccrs to take fpecial care that they were
ready to March into the Woods an hour before day: and
alio direfting the Watch to call him two hours before
day; fo he haltned to bed to get fomc Reft. At the time
prclix'd he was call'd,*'^ and prcfently ordering the Com-
pany's to make ready, and about half an hour before day
they mov'd; feveral of the Town People went with them
into a thick place of brufh, about half a Mile from the
Town;""' now ordering them to fend out their Scouts, as
they us\l to do, and feeing them all fettled at their work, he
went into Town by Sun rife again, and delired the Inhabi-
tants to take care of themfelves, till his men had fitted
themfelves with fome neceffaries: for his Indians mod of
them wanted both bags and horns; fo he ordered them to
make bags like Wallets to put Powder in one end and
fliot in the other: So moft of them were ready for a6tion
{yiz^ the Second Indiattsj^'' but the Cape Indians ^^ were

*> This was the morning of Satur- ^ The Indians on Cape Cod had

daj, 21 Sept., 1689. been friendly — with individual excep-

^ "A portion of the central part tions — through Philip's war, and they

[of the "neck" whereon the city of now furniflied foldiers freely to aid the

Portland now ftands] was fwampy and Englilh. As late as the Revolutionary

covered with bullies and trees, and fur- war a tingle Continental regiment had

rowed with gullies." [Willis's journals 26 Majli^ce Indians ; and it was stated,

of Smith & Deanc, 430.] in 1783, by Rev. Mr. Hawley, that moft

^' See Part I. xxii. Probably all the of the Majhpce women loft their huf-

Saconet Indians who ferved in this bands in the fervice, at one time there

expedition were under the command of being 70 widows there. [Freeman's

Capt. Numpas. Hiji. Cafe Cod, i : 692.]

[6,]

very bare, lying fo long at Bojlon before they imbark'd,
that they had Sold every thing they could make a Peny
of; fome tying Shot & Powder in the corners of their
Blankets. He being in Town, jiill going to Breakfall,
there was an Alarm, fo he ordered all the Souldiers in the
Town to Move away as fall as they could, where the firing
was; and he with what Men more were with him of his
Souldiers, Mov'd immediately, and meeting with . Capt.
Ih'ackits'^^ Sons, who told him their Father was taken, and
that they faw a great Army of Indians in their Fathers
Orchard,'" &€, By this time our Indians that wanted
bags and horns were fitted, but wanted more Ammunition:
prefcntly came a MeiTenger to him from the Town & in-
form'd him, That they had knock'd out the heads of fev-

^8 Anthony Brackett, perhaps fon of
Anthony, who was at Poitlniouth, 1640,
was at Falmouth as witnel's to a deliv-
ery of pofleffion 1662 ; married (1) Ann,
eldeft daughter of Michael Mitton, and
fettled on the 100 acres granted iier at
Back Cove by George Cleeves. He
fubfequently enlarged his farm to 400
acres. He was conftahle 1664; juror
1666; commiffioner i668; was taken
captive, with his wife, five children,
and a negro fervant, by the Indians 11
Aug., 1676, but ofcaped by the bold
ufe of an old, dilapidated birch canoe :
his wife Ann died foon after, and, 30
Sept., 1679, he married (2) Sufanna,
eldefl: daughter of Abraham Drake,
sen., of Hampton; was Lieut. i582;
Capt. 16S9; "w^s fhot by the Indians in
this engagement at his houfe on Rack

Cove. He hnd by the firft wife (i)
Anthony, (2) Seth, (3) Mary, (4) Ko-
zia, (5) Elinor; by the fecond, (6)
Jane, (7) Zijiporah, (S) Zachariah, (9)
Ann, (10) Sufanna. [Willis's Ilijl.
Port. Id, 106, III, 138, 141, 156, 159,
169, 172, 176, 181, 1S7, 202, 208, 214,
219, 225, 251, 268, 2S0, 290; Drake's
Hubbard, ii : 139.]

^* Brackett's tarm lay on the W.
fliore of Back Cove, above the creek, on
the ground now occupied by the man-
fion of James Deering, and the orchard
extended toward the point. [Willis's
Iliji. Port. 278.] The Indians had gone
round, under cover of the darknefs of
the night, with their canoes from Peak's
Iiland up Cafco River or Back Cove;
from either of which Brackett's farm
was acceflible.

[62]

eral Casks of Bullets and they were all too bi<^, being
Musket Bullets, and would not lit their Guns, and that if
he did not <j;o back himfelf a great part of the Army would
be kept back from Service for want of fuitable Bullets: He
run back and ordered every Velfel to fend a-fhore all their
Casks of Bullets; being brought, knock'd out their heads,
and turn'd them all out upon the green by the Fort, and fet
all the People in the Town that were able to make flugs;
being mofl of them too large for their ufe, which had I'ke
to have been the over-throw of their whole Army: He
finding fome fmall Bullets and what flugs were made, and
three Snapfacks of Powder, went immediately to the
Arm}'^, who were very hotly in[62]gag'd; but coming to
the River,'*' the Tide was up; he call'd to his men that
were ingag'd, incouraging them, and told them he had
brought more Ammunition for them. An hidian call'd
Capt. Lightfoot^^~ laid down his Gun, and came over the
River, taking the Powder upon his head and a Kittle of
Bullets in each hand, and got fafe to his Fellow Souldiers:
He ^^ perceiving great firing upon that fide he was of, went
to fee who they were, and found them to be two of Maj.
C/mrc/i's Companies, one of EngliJJi & the other of In-
dians, being in all about Fourfcore Men, that had not got
over the River, but lay firing over our Mens heads at the
Enemy; he prefently ordered them to Rally and come all

*' This river was the prolongation *^ Sec Part I. note 238.

into the necli, of the S. W, extremity *^ "He" — that is Church, not Light-

of "Back Cove." foot.

[ 62 1

together; and gave the word for a Cafco Man: So one
Sivarton " a Jcr/cy man '"' appearing, who he could liardly
underltand; he ask'd him, How far it was to the head of
the River? or whether there was any place they could
get over? He fiiid, there was a Bridge ""' about three quar-
ters of a Mile up where they might get over: So he call-
ing to his Souldiers ingag'd on the other fide, that he would
foon be with them over the Bridge, and come upon the
backs of the Enemy; which put new courage into them;
fo they immediately Mov'd up towards the Bridge, March-
ing very thin, being willing to make what fliow they
could, fhouting as they March'd: they faw the Enemy
running from the River-fide, where they had made Stands
with Wood to prevent any body from coming over the
River; and coming to the Bridge, they faw on the other
fide that the Enemy had laid logs and fluck birch brulh
along to hide themfelves from our view. He ordered the

*'' Mather \^M<ignalia, Book VI. pp. and "Johana Swarton, York"; while

10-14] gives a narrative of the captiv- " Mary Swarton, girl, Dover," is named

ity of Hannah Sivarton, who was as remaining (till in captivity. \_N. E.

taken by the Indians when Cafco Fort H{/i- d- Gen. licg. vi : 87.]

was taken, in 1690, with four children ; It may, perhaps, be reafonable to

her hulband being then flain. In No- fuppofe that John Swarton was huf-

vember, 1695, fhe reached Bofton, leav- band of Hannah, father of thefe chil-

ing two of her children behind her in drcn, and the informant of Church on

Canada. She fays Ihe lived in Beverly, this occafion.

Mafs., before going to Cafco; wh''e *^^ That is, an emigrant from the Hie

Savage [Gen. Di<^. iv : 237] gives the of Jerfey, — in Englilh pofleflion, but in

name of John Swarton as of Beverly, French neighborhood. Its native in-

in 1672. In a lift of Englifh captives habitants fpeak moftly a French fotois.

ranfomed from Qiiebec by Mattliew *" "In the fame place, probably,

Carey, in Oiitober, 1695, occurs the where one now ftands, on Grove Street."

name of " Jolh. Swarton, boy, Cafcow," [Willis's Hijl. Port. 278.]

[62]

Company to come all tof]^cthcr, ordcrinrif them all to run
after him, who would go lirfl, and that as foon as they got
over the Bridge to Icatter, that fo they might not be all
fliot down together, expe6ling the Enemy to be at their
Stands; fo running up to the Stands, found none there,
but were jull gone, the ground being much tumbled with
them behind the faid Stands: lie ordered the Captain with
his Company of ^«^////^ to March down to our Men in-
gag'd, and that they fhould keep along upon the edge of
the Marfh, and himfelf with his Indian Souldiers would
March down thro' the brufh: ''^ and coming to a parcel of
low ground which had been formerly burnt, the old brufh
being fallen down lay very thick, and young brufh being
grown up made it bad travelling; but coming near the
back of the Enemy, one of his Men call'd unto him their
Commander, and faid. That the Enemy run We/lward'^^
to get between us and the Bridge, and he looking that way
faw men running, and making a fmall flop, heard no fir-
ing, but a great chopping with Hatchets; fo concluding
the fight was over, made the befl of their way to the
Bridge again, left the Enemy fhould go over the Bridge
into the Town. The men being moft of them out (our
Ammunition lay expos'd) coming to the Bridge where he
had left Six Indians for an Ambofcade on the other fide of
the River, that if any Enemy ofTer'd to come over they

*^ Church's plan feems to have been dians, he moved " acrofs lots" due

to fend his Englifli foldiers along the north, so as, if poffible, to ftrike the

curve of the edge of the marlh toward enemy in the rear,

the battle-ground, while, with his In- *^ By running weftward, the enemy

fhould tire i\t them, which would give him Notice, [63 ] To
would come to their alliflance; (but in the way having
heard no firing nor Ihouting, concluded the Enemy were
drawn off) he asked the Ambolcade, whether they law
any Indians? They laid, Yes, abundance. He ask'd
them. Where? They anfwered, That they ran over the
head of the River by the Cedar Swamp,''^ and were run-
ning into the Neck towards the Town: There being but
one EngliJJi man with him, he bid his Indian Souldiers
fcatter, run very thin to prelerve themlclves, and the bet-
ter able to make a difcovery of the Enemy: & foon com-
ing to Lieut. Clarks''^ field on the South-fide of the Neck,
and feeing the Cattel feeding quietly, and perceiving no
Track, concluded the Ambofcade had told them a falfe-

•would be able to pafs round Church's
left flank, and get to the bridge, and
into the town, in Ipite of, and before
him.

*9 Church's Indians evidently fup-
pofed that the hoftile party were run-
ning far enough weft to flank the Ihort
river, and go around its fwanipy fource
into the neck and toward the town, in-
ftead of attempting to crofs the de-
fended bridge.

"" Thaddeus Clark is faid by Rev.
Timothy Alden (who gives no author-
ity) to have been born in Ireland
[Alden's American Epitafths, ii : 98.] ;
was at Falmouth, 1663, with his wife
Elizabeth, then 18 years old, fecond
daughter of Michael Mitton ; lived on
the bank of the Cafco, juft above the
point which dill bears his name ; was

Lieut, of a company of town foldiers;
and, in an imprudent cxpofure of him-
felf and his men, was killed, with thir-
teen of his company, by the Indians,
when they attacked Falmouth in 1690,
and buried 4 July. His widow died in
Bofton, in 1736, <rt. 91. His eldeft
daughter, Elizabeth, married Capt.
Edward Tyng; another married a Har-
vey, and was a widow in Bofton 1719.
His fon Ifaac fettled in Framingham,
Mafs. ; married Sarah Stow, of Marl-
borough ; had feven children; com-
manded a company of troopers ; and
died 26 May, 1768, (et. 102, having
lived 70 years with the wife of his
youth. [Willis's Hiji. Port. 139, 141,
232, 283, 292; Barry's HiJi. Fram. 208;
Savage's Gen. Did. i : 400. Me. HiJl.
Coll. i : 203-214.]

hood; they hallily return'd back to the laid Bridirc,
perccivini^ there was no nolle of the Enemy. lie
hearing fevxTal great Guns fire at the Town, concluded
that tliey were either affaulted, or that they hjid dil'cover'd
the Enemy: lie having ordered that in cafe luch Ihould
be, that they (hould lire Ibme of their great Guns to give
him notice; he being a Stranger to tlie Country, concluded
the Enemy had by fome other way got to the Town:
whereupon he lent his Men to the Town, and hirnfelf
going to the River, near where the fight had been; ask'd
them'"' how they did? and what was become of the
Enemy? who inform'd him that the Enemy drew oiY in
lels than an hour after he left them, and had not fired a
Gun at them lince. He told them he had been within
little more than a Gun fhot of the back of the Enemy, and
had been upon them had it not been for the thick brufiiy
ground, &c. Now fome of his Men returning from the
Town gave him the account, that they went while ''^ they
faw the Colours ftanding & Men walking about as not
molefted. lie prefently ordered that all his Army fhould
purfue the Enemy : But they told him that moft of them had
fpcnt their Ammunition, and that if the Enemy had en-
gaged them a little longer they might have come & knock'd
them on the head ; and that fome of their Bullets were fo
unfizeable that fome of them were forc'd to make flugs

^^ That is, having fent the Indians troops, whom he had left near the origi-
who had been with him to the town, nal battle-field,
he went back and hailed his Englifh ^'^ " While — until." [Baiiev.]

L<M

while they were iiiya<;\l. lie then orderM tlieni to «;el
over all the wounded and dead men, and to leave none
behind: whieh was done by Ibme Canoo's they had ^ot.
Capt. Hall and his men bein<i; tirll inga^ed did <^reat Ser-
vice, and I'utl'ered the <^reatell lofs in his Men. But Capt.
Soutlnvorth'^ with his Company, & Capt. Niimpojh "' with
tlie Scconit Indiiuis^ and the moll of the men bclongini^ to
tlie Town all comin<( luddenly to his relief, prevented him
and his whole Company from being cut off, &c. By this
time the day was far fpcnt, and Marching into Town
about Sun-fet, carrying in all their wounded and dead
men;^' being all fcnfible of Gods goodnefs to them, in

'•^ William SotUfiivortk, (probably
youujjcn.) Ion of Conl\ant. was born
1659; fettled in Little Compton; was
felectman 1683-5 ! ^v^** comminioncd
Lieut, for Little Compton, 16S9; was
allowed (as Lieut., though Church
forgot and called him Captain then)
255. per week for his fervice in this ex-
pedition; married (i) Rebecca ,

and had Benjamin, Jofeph, Edward,
Elizabeth, Alice, Samuel, Nathaniel,

Thomas, and Stephen; (2) , and

had Gideon and Andrew. [Plym, Col.
lice, vi : 108, 129, 168, 223, 229; Sav-
age's Geti. Dii'-i. iv : 143.]

*** See Part I. note 173.

^^ Church enclofed in his letter to
the home authorities, the following
*' lifte of the men that was llain in a
fite at Falmouth, and alfo how many
was wounded in faid fite," under date
of 21 Sept., 1689; which is ilill pre-

ferved in the Mafs. State Paper Office,
as follows : —
"of Cipt. Hall's foldiers, 6 ll.iin, —
Thomas Hiirton,

Edward Kbcns, .

Tt-onws I'haxter,
Thomas lierry,
John Mnfon,
David Homes,
of Capt. Davis's Company, 2 llain, —
Giles Row,

Andrew Alger (belonging to the fort of the
town).

alfo, , 3 llain, —

An Indian.

A negro of Col. Tyngs,
Capt. Hrackett (carried away or ilain).
Making 11 in all killed.

Wonnded, 6 friend Indians, and of Capt Davis's
Comp.iny James Freeze, Mr. I'ramhall, Thomas
Krowne, Mr. Palmer, — inhabitants.
Total. 21 llain and woimded."
Willis adds that Freeze. Bramhall.
and one friend Indian, died of their
wounds. \IIi/l. Port. 280. |

In relation to the enemy's lofs. Church

j^iviniif them the Vi6tory, and caufinp; the Rncmy to fly
with (hame, who never fj;avc one Ihoiit at their drawinj:;
otF. Tlie poor Inliabitants wonderfully rejoyeed that the
Alnii<^hty had favoured them fo much: fayin«^, That if
Maj. C/iurc/i with his Forces had not come at that junc-
ture of time, they had been all cut otf ; and faid fur- [64]
ther, That it was the firlt time that ever the Eajlivard In-
dians had been put to tlight, and the faid Church with his
Volunteers were wonderfully preferved, having never a
man kill'd out ri^ht, and but one Indian mortally wounded,
who dy'd,"^ feveral more bein*^ badly wounded, but re-
covered.

After this ingagement Maj. Church with his Forces
ranging all the Country thereabout, in purfuit of the En-
emy; and vifitingall the Garrifons, at "'^ Black Pointy ^^Spur-

wrote, 27 Sept., faying, " We know not twccn it and the Spurtvi'uk. Origi-
yei what damage we did to the enemy nally ail the country between Saco and
in our lalt engagement, but feveral Spurwiiilv was called Black Point,
things that they left behind them on [Mi\ Iliji. CoU. iii : 17.] In 1681 a
their flight we found yederday, which ftrong fort was built "upon the plains
was guncafes and llockings and other between Moor's Brook and the South-
things of fome value, together with eaft end of the great pond," at the in-
other figns that make us think that ftance of Capt. Jolhua Scottow, the
we did them coniidcrable damage." garrifon of which, at this time, was
[3 MaJ's. Ilift. CoU. i : 92.] under command of his fon Thomas.

•''' Mr. Drake \Dook of Ind. 270.] \_Ibid. 132, 133.]

ftatcs, on the authority of the MS. let- ^ Spurzvink fettlement lay between

ter of Capt. Baflett, that the Indian the mouth of Spurwink River and Cape

who was killed was named Sam MoJ'cs. Elizabeth, in the foutherly angle of the

[Sec the letter. Drake's ^«)'//V;5'a- /^/y/w- town of Cape Elizabeth. The garrifon

outh, p. 77.] feems to have been at the houfe of Do-

'if Black Point lies in the town of minicus, fon of Rev. Robert Jordan.

Scarborough, on the Ihore E. of the {Mc. Hijl. CoU. iii: 137; Williamfon's

mouth of tlic Oxvajkoa^ River, and be- Hiji. Ale. i : 29.]

[ <'\ ]

winl\ and Blew Point y'"^ and went up Kcunvbcck River/"
but to little etlefl. And now Winter drawing' near, he
received orders from the (jovcrnment of the MaOachufetts-
Bay, to fettle all the Garrifons, and put in fuitalile Ollicers
according to his bell difcretion, and to fend home all his
Souldiers the Volunteers and tranfports; which orders he
prcfently attended."' Heing oblig'd to buy him a Ilorfe to

'" Blue Point wan in the S.-W. part
of the town ot" Scarboroufjh, on Saco
line, not far VV. of Black I'oint. TIjc
parrifon appears to have been at Philip
FoxwcII'b (fon of Richard) houfe, near-
ly oppofite to where Mill Creek flows
into the Owajhoag.

^'^ The mouth of the Kennebec it
fcarcely more than 30 miles N. E. from
Falmouth. Williamfon fays Church
al'ccndcd the river " feveral leagues."
[Hijl. Afe. 1:617.]

** The following document — among
the valuable additions recently made to
Baylics's Memoir of Plymouth Colony,
by Mr. S. G. Drake — demands a place
here, dcfcribing, as it does, Church's
ac'lion not merely, but difclofing, alfo,
the names of fo many of his com-
panions, and the proportions in which
they were diftributed among the vari-
ous garrifons : —

" Province of Maine

"Scarborough the nth
Nouembcr, 1689.

" Att a Councill of warr held at the
point Garrifon Prefcnt Major Benjemen
Church, Capt Sylvanus Dauis, Capt.
William Baffitt, Capt Simon Willard,
with the reft of the ComiflTion Offecers
of Saco, Fclmouth and Scarborough.

" Itt is Ordered that one hundred
thcire Majeftics lIorfcH now in this pref-
cnt Exspodition againft the Coman
Enimie, be detached out of the feu-
erall Companyes, which Ihould number
for the fccurity of the Garrifons there
Refident, and in Cafe any of the Ene-
mie be difcovered or Any tracks of
them be made in this winter Seafoii,
untill further force be font that may
Advance to theire head Q^iarters.

"Souldiers Qiiartcred in the towne
Ship of Saco twenty men; in theire
two Garrifons. In the townlhip of
Scarborough twenty men in thcire
Garrifons viz: three Sperwink In-
cluded.

"Fclmouth the 13 Nouember: Att
a Councill of Warr held in perfuance
of what is above written, by Major
Benjamcn Church, and the oflicers
abovefaid. Added Capt Nathaniel
Hall, Leiut Thaddeus Clark, Leiut
Elilha Andrews, Mr. Elilhu Gailifon,
Leiut George Ingerfoll, Leiut Ambrous
Davis, Mr. Robert Lawrance, Mr. John
Palmer and others &c.

" Itt is ordered that fixty fouldjers be
Qiiartered in Felmouth, befides the
Inhabitents, and the Souldjers that
(hall Belonge to the ftbart, which Ihall

[64 J

^o homo by land, that To he nii^'ht the bettor comply with
his orders. The poor People the Inhabitants of Cajco aud
Places Adjacent, when tliey law he was j^oin^' away from
them, iamenteil fadly, »& be«,'\l earnelUy tiiat he would luf-
fer them to come away in the Tranl'ports; laying; if he left
them there, that in tlie Spring' of the Year the Knemy
would come and dellroy 'cm and their Families, &c. So
by their carnell rcqucll the laid Maj. Church promil'jd
them, that if the Governments that had now lent him,
would lend him the next Sprin*^, he would certainly come
with his Volunteers and Indians to their relief: And that

be flirtccn SouUljers hcfiiles the Com-
andcr and Gui'ior, and tlic Kcniiunur
f(j he Tciit to Uodon, to hi- Rcinly to
Rcturiic Accoriliii;^c to Order.

" Itt is Ordered that tliere be A Suf-
(iiiaiit (iarrifoii Krciited al)out Mr Gal-
lifoiis hoiilc for a tnavne Court of
Ciiiard, Toj,'ether witli Mr Robert Law-
rnnce, his Garrifon, wiiiiii two Gar-
rilbiis are to he lupplyed witii the Sixty
Souldjers left for to guard the faid
towne.

" Itt is Ordered tliat Capt Nathaniel
Hal! is to take Charge as Cofnander in
Cheife of thofe tVorccs that are lelVt for
the defence of the Above faid three
Townes, Thofe Souldjers that belong
to Foart Loyall only to be under the
Comander of faid Foart.

"Ordered that Leiut Richard Iluni-
well, is to Take the Charge and Con-
dui^l of the twenty Souldjers quartered
at Blew-point Black point and Spur-
winck Garrifons, as he the faid Leiut.
Huniwell Ihall Recaive orders from

time to time from the faid CoiTiandcr
in Cheife.

" Itt in Or»!ered that ICnfigne Jolin
Hill is to take tiie Care andConduL't of
thofe twenty Souldjers Q^iartered at
Saio Ciarrifon as the faid Knligiie Hill
Ihall Reiaive orders from time to tinu-,
from his faid Comantler in Cheife.

•• Itt i» Ordered that the tTorty Soulil-
jers pofteil att Saco, Scarborough and
Spurwinke are to be obeilient unto the
Comanders of the feverall Garrifons
where they fhall be poAed whillt in
Garrifon, but to Atcnd the Comands of
Leiut. Huniwell and Enligne John Hill
rcfpei5lively as they are Concerned upon
theire fcoutinge or marchinge out:

Given under my hand this 14th of
Nouember : i6Sy :

" By Concent of faid : Councill
" p mee
"BENJAMIN CHURCH

Cofnander in Cheife."

[Drake's Baylies' s Hift. Mem. Plym.
Col. Part 5, p. 84.]

r ^s ]

as loon as he h.ul bocn at lioinc, and taken a little care of
his own buliiu'l's, he would eertaiidy wait upon the (ientlc-
nien ol /AyA^;/, and intorni them of the I'l-oniife he had
made to them; and if they did not fee caul'e to leiul 'em
relief, to intreat their Honours feafonably to draw them
otf, that they might not be a prey to the barbarous Knemy.
Taking' his leave of thofe poor Inhabitants fome"" of the
chief men there waited upon him to Black Pointy to Capt.
Scottaways (larrifon; comin«^ there they prevail'd with the
faid Capt. Scottaway to ^'o with him to Jiojlou^ which he
readily comply'd with, provided the liiid CInirch would
put another in to Command the (Jarrilon; which bein<;
done and takin<^ their leaves one of another, they fet out
and travelled thro' all the Country home to lioliow. (hav-
in*:f imploy'd himfelf to the utmoll to fultill his In(b'u6tions
lall received from Bojlon Gentlemen, which coll him
about a Months Service more and above what he had pay
from Plymouth Gentlemen) and in his travel homeward
feveral Gentlemen waited upon the laid Maj Church who
was oblir]f''d to bare their Expcnces. When he came to
Bojlon Gentlemen, he inform'd them of the miferies thofe
poor People were in by having their Provilions taken from

'2 Thomas Scof/o'w (Sro/Za^vav) was oC tfio ffarrifon his father Iiad built;

fon of Jolhua, of Bollon and Scarbor- fubfcciiicntl y to tlie war. and his father's

ough; was born 30 Juno, 1659; gradu- dcatii, difgullcil with tlio favage hoiliii-

ated at Harvard Col!ej,'e, 1677 ; was at ties incident to refidence there, he fold

Black Point, 1679; l^^v'ire ailcfjiancc, his Scarborou^^h property to Timothy

1681 ; was appointed Regiltcr of Pro- Prout, and left the place. [Savage's

bate and County Comniiflioner under Gen. Did. iv : 40; Williamfon's Iliji.

Andros in i688; in 1689 had command Mr. i : 692; \^\\\\^\ Portland, 220.]

3»

L»5]

them by order of the Prefident, &c.^^ Then went home ;
flaid not long there before he returned to Bojlon^'- where
Capt. Scottaway waited for his coming, that he might have
the determination of the Government of Bqfton to carry
home with him; and it being the time of the Small Pox'^^
there (and Maj Church not having had it) taking up his
Lodging near the Court-houfe,'''' took the firft opportunity
[65] to inform thofe Gentlemen of the Court his bufmefs;
who faid they were very bufy in fending home Sir Ed-
mttndy the Ship being ready to Sail.''' The faid Maj.

na <i Prefident Danforth, by requiring
of thcM provifions for a fupply of the
military, had brought them into great
•iiftrefs." [Williamfon's Hijl. Me. i:
618.]

•"''* As, on the 6th Feb., he had been
waiting in Bofton three weeks, the date
of his "returning" to that city, here
mentioned, muft have been about Wed-
nefday, 16 Jan., i6|§.

•-* The fmall-pox raged in Bofton
during the fpring and fummer of 1690;
and this teltimony of Church's Ihows
that its ravages had commenced as
early as January, i6||. Samuel
Green, jr., the printer, died, after an
illnefs of three days with it, in July,
1690; and his wife followed him a few
days after. In Auguft, 1690, a fon of
Rev. John Cotton wrote to his father,
'•The fmall-pox is as bad as ever."
[Thomas's Hiji. Printing, i : 282.]

" The firft Bofton Court Houfe, or
Town Houfe, was begun to be built
about 1657. It ftood where the "old
State Houfe" now ftands, in the head

of State Street, and was burned in the
great fire of 171 1, being built of wood.
[Drake's Hi/I. Doji. i : 350.]

^"^ The exadt date of the fhipping of
Andros for England feems to have been
Angularly unnoted in the records of
the time ; and is, perhaps, more nearly
determined by what Church fays here
than in any other way. liutchinfon
fays [////?. MaJ's. i : 349], "The firft
opportunity (the beginning of Febru-
ary) after the arrival of the King's
order, he, with Mr. Dudley and feveral
others, embarked for England." Mr.
Drake ^Hijl. Bojt. i : 486] fays, " Some
time in the winter following [that of
i6f|^], an order was received from
their Majefties to fend the prifoners
over thence ; and they were accord-
ingly fent in the firft ftiip bound to that
country." The author of the Life of
Andros {^Governors of Ma/s. Bay,
419] iays, "In February, 1690, they
were fent home to England." Elliott
\_Ne-w-Eng. HiJi. i : 380] fays, " In
February, 1689, with Dudley and fome

I '''5 I

Clmrch Hill waitin<( upon them, and iit every opportunity
intreating thole Gentlemen in the behalf of the poor
People of Cafco^ informing them the necelfity of taking
care of them either by ibnding them relief early in the
Spring, or fufter them to draw off, otherwife they would
certainly be deflroyed, &c. There anfwer was, They
could do nothing till Sir Edmund was gone. Waiting
there three weeks upon gre.at expences, he concluded to
draw up fome of the circumftances of Cafco and Places
Adjacent, and to leave it upon the Council-Board, before
the Governour & Council; having got it done, obtained
liberty to go up where the Governour and Council was
fitting, he inform'd their Honours, that he had waited till
his Patience was wore out; fo had drawn up the matter to
leave upon the Board before them: which is as follows.

To the Honotivcd Governour and Council of the

Maflachufetts.

Gentlemen,

WHereas by vertue of Yours with Plymouths defires
and Commands^ I went Eaftward in the lafl Expe-
dition againfl the Common Indian Enemy, where Providence

others, he was fent away to England." make it clear, that, fo far as he was in-

Barry [///>?. Mafs. i : 508] fays, " By formed, as late as the 6th Feb., i6« g

the firfl: opportunity the prifoners were there was no immediate probability

fent to England in the lliip 'Mehitabel,' that the Ihip would fail; as, had he

Gilbert Baut, mafter," and places in feen fuch a probability, having waited

the margin the date of " Feb. 9, i6|9." three weeks, he would have been likely

The date of Church's communication to have waited at lead a very few davs

to the Governor and Council feems to longer in hope to fecure his end.

S 33

fo ordered thai we Attack\i their oreatejt body of J^'oires,
eomiuQ then for the Deflrutlion of Fahiioutli, whieh we
knoiv March\i off RepjiTfl with confiderablc Da^nage^ leav-
ing the groimd, ajid 7ieverfince feen there, or in any Place
Adjacent: the ti^ne of the Year being then too late to profe-
cnte any further defign, and other Accidents fallijig contrary
to my expeflatio7i, Impeedi^ig the defired Snccefs. Upon my
then Removal from the Province of Maine, the Inhabitants
luere very Solicitous that this Enemy might be further
Profecuted, willing to venture their Lives and Fortunes in
faid Enterprize^ wherein they might ferve God, their King
and Country, and injoy Quiet & Peaceable Habitations ;
Upon ivhich I promifed to fig7iifie the fame to Your Selves,
and willing to ventue that little which Providcficc hath be-
trufled me with on the faid account. The Seafon of the
Year being fuch if fome fpeedy A£tion be not performed in
Attacking them, they will certainly be upon us in our Out
Toiv7is {God hiaivs where) and the Inhabita^its there being
not able to Defend themfelves, without doubt mafty Souls may
be cut off, as our lafl Years Experience wofully hath declared'^
The Inhabitants there trufl to your Protection, having under-
taken Goverfiment and yotir Propriety, ^^ If nothing be per-
formed on the faid account ( The befl way U7tder Correction ^^)
is to DemolifJi the Garrifon, aftd draw off the Inhabitants,
that they may not be left to a Mercilefs Efieiny, and that the
Arms and Ammtmition may not be there left for the

fin << Propriety — property." \^Bailey.'\ judgment, holding mjfelf liable to cor-
•'" That is — "the beft way, in my redtion by your luperior wifdom."

()(} J

Jlrengthning of the Enemy \ who without doubt have need
enough^ havittg exhaujlcd their greatejl Store in this Winter
Sea/on : / have performed my Promife to them, and ae-
quitted my felf in Specifying the fame to your felves'. Not
that I defire to be in any AHion {altho' ivilling to ferve my
King & Cotmtry) afid may pafs binder the cenfure of
Scandalous Tongues in the lafl Expedition, ivhich I hope
they tvill ameiid on the firfl opportunity of Service. I leave
to the Mature Confideration, the lofs of \fi^^ Trade and
Elfliery, the War drought to the Doors ; what a Triumph
will it be to the Enemy, dcrifion to our Neighbours^ befidis
difJionour to God and our Nation, and grotinds of frowns
from our Prince, the fruflration of thofe zvhofe eyes are upon
you for help, who might have otherwife apply ed themfelves to
their King. Gentlemen, this I thotight humbly to propofe
unto you, that I might dif charge my felf ift my tru/l from
your Selves, ajtd Promife to the Inhabitatits of the Pi''ovince,
but efpecially my Duty to God, His Majifly and my Nation,
Praying for Your Hoiwi-rs Profperity, Subfcribe,
A true Copy given in at Boflon, Your Servant,
this 6th of February 1689. Benj. Church.

At the Council Board. Attefl T. S.

Maj. Church laid moreover that in thus doing he had
comply'd with his Promife to thofe poor People of Cafco,
and fhould be quit from the guilt of their bloud ; the Gov-
ernour was pleafed to Thank him for his care & pains
taken. Then taking his leave of them went home, and

L66J

left Capt. Scottaway in a very forrowful condition, who rc-
turnVl home Ibmctimc alter with only a Copy of what was
left on tlie I^oard by the laid Church. Maj. Church not
hearing any thing till ^[ay following and then was in-
form'd, That thofe poor People of Cafco were cut off by
the barbarous Enemy: and that altho' they made their
terms with Monficur Cajlecn^ who was Commander of
thofe Enemies, yet he futiered thofe Mercilefs Salvages, to
MalTacre & Deftroy the moll of thcm."'^ To conclude this
lirll Expedition, Eajl ; I Ihall jult give you a hint how
Maj. Cliurch was treated (altho' he was Commander in
Chief of all the Forces out of Plymouth and Bojlon Ctov-
ernment) after he came home, for Plymoiith Gentlemen
paid him but Forty two Pounds', "' telling him, lie mult go
to Bojion Gentlemen for the rell, who were his imployers
as well as they. Of whom he never had one Peny for all
Travel and Expences in Railing Volunteers, and Services
done; except Forty Shillings or there about, for going
from Bojlon to Rh ode- IJla d ow their bulinefs, and back to

70 Frontenac fent a body of French ''• Plymouth Colony voted, 25 Dec,

and Indians with a large company of 1689, to pay Major Church " £10. (be-

Tarratines under Cajlin, early in May, fides what he hath received from the

againit Falmouth. They made their Bay) more than his wages by the weeke,

atti'ck 16 May, and 20 May. Cajlin and that his weekly wages as Major in

having "lifted his hand and fworn by ye late expedition be 405." ; and "that

the great and everliving God " to keep Major Church Ihall have £5. calh,

the articles of furrender, the garrifon and Capt. Baffitt £3. calh, part of

of Fort Loyall furrendered; to find what is due to them from the Colony

every article violated, with infult. abufe. paid to them by the Conftables of Pli-

and the molt fiendilh atrocities. [3 mouth out of the lall rate." [/*/>'/«•

Mafi. llijl. (.'oil. i: ioi-ii-!.J Col. Rcc. vi : 229.]

3f>

^>7 1

Bojlon asfain: Alio for lending a Man to Providence I'oi
Capt. Edmunds''^ (who raifd a Company in thol'c Parts)
and went Eajl with them.

The Second Expedition, />///.

TN the Year 1690. was the Plxpcdition to Canada, and
■*■ Maj. Wallcy often requelled Maj Churck that if he
would not go himfelf in that expedition, that he would not
hinder others; lie anfwcred the faid VValUy^ That he
(hould hinder none but his old Souldiers, tliat us'd to go
along with him, &c. And the faid Church going down to
Charlejlown to take his leave of fome of his Relations,''' and
Friends, who were going in that Expedition, promifed his
Wife and Family not to go into Bojlon^ the Small Pox
being very brief ^' there."' Coming to CharleJlow7i, feveral
of his Friends in Bojlon came over to fee him; and the
next day after the faid CJmrch came there, Maj. Wallcy
[67] came to him., and inform'd him, That the Governour

■J'^ See Part I, note ii6. manders." [Hinckley Papers, 4 Mafi.

^'' Joiin Wal ley wrote, 21 Apr., 1690, Hiji' Coll. v: 247.] This "Lieut.

to Gov. Hinckley, "The Indians of Southward" was doubtle's Church's

Dartmouth and Seaconnet — which are brother-in-law, William Southworth

about 100 men, 50 or more armed — [see note 53, antc\\ and, if he went

have had a meeting: chofe Lieut. to the war, he was probably one of the

Southard for their Captain or Com- "relations" here referred to. Mr. Drake

mander, and one Daniel Eaton; un- thinks he was (by his nickname Bill)

der whom they are willing to ferve the " B. Southworth " of Part I. page 35.

the Englilh, if we Ihould be affaulted. ^^ An evident mifprint for "rife"

They have chofe Captain Numpas and which Dr. Stiles correlated,

another Indian for their Indian Com- "'' See note 6^;. utitc

[67]

and Council wanted to (peak with him: lie anfwered him,
That he had promised his Wife and Family not to go into
Bojlon ; laying, Ifth had any bulinefs, they could Write
to him, and that he would lend them his anfwer. Soon
after came over two other (ientlemen with a Mellage,
that the Governour & Council wanted to have Ibme dil-
courle with him: The anlwer returned was, That he in-
tended to lodge that Night at the Gray-hound in Roxbnry^
and that in the Morning would come to Pollards at the
South End of Bojlon ',~^ which accordingly he did: foon
after he came thither received a letter from the Honour-
able Capt. Sewall" to requell him to come to the Council;

1« William J\>ll(ir<l was Ion of Wil-
liixm and Ann (wlio was wont to boad
that the went over in the fiill boat that
cmfled Charles River, in 1630, and was
full to jump alhore at wiiat is now Bof-
ton), b. 20 Mar., 1653; m. Marjifaret

; had William, b. 21 Dec, 1687

William again, 2 Apr., 1690, and Jona-
than. Joined the Ancient and Honor-
able Artillery Co., 1679. He kept an
" ordinary," as I learn from the record,
(throu,ij;h J. Wingate Thornton, Elq.,
from the kindnels of W. I. Bowditch,
Efq.,) a little over 100 ft. jull fouth
of Eliot St., on Walhington St. [Sav-
age's Gen. Did. iii : 449; Whitman's
Iliji. Aiu^. & Hon. Art. Co. 211.]

IT Samuel Sewall, fon of Henry, was
born at Horton, near Bafingftoke, Eng.,
28 March, 1652; came to New England
with his mother 1661 ; graduated at
Harvard Coll. 1671 ; was Captain of
militia in Bollon, and Major of the

regiment 1675-6; admitted freeman
1678; joined the Ancient and Honor-
able Artillery Co., 1679; was Captain
of it 1701 ; Superintendent of the prets
i68i ; Ainilant 1684-6, and again 1689-
92 ; Judge of Superior Court 1692, and
one of fpecial Commiirion to try the
witches; Judge of Probate for 1715;
Chief-jultice 1718-1728; died in Bolton,
30 Jan., 1730, a:t. 78. He was a book-
feller at one time, and printed an
edition of the catechifm Avith his
own hand. He is now chiefly re-
membered for his copious notes of
the fadts of the time, in journals, alma-
nacs, &c., &c. He married (i) 28
Feb., 1676, Hannah, only furviving
child of John Hull, mint-mafter, by
whom he had John, Samuel, Hannah,
Elizabeth, Hull, Henry, Stephen, Jo-
feph, Judith, Mary, Sarah, Judith
(again), and another; (2) 29 Odt.,
1719, Abigail, daughter of Jacob Mel-

\/^'

the anfwer he returned by the bearer was, That he tlu)u<;ht
there was no need of his ha/ardinu^ himfelf To much as to
come «& fpeak with them; not tliat he was afraid of his
Life, but becaufe he had no mind to be concern'd any
further, by reafon they would not liearken to him about
the poor People of Cafco. But immediately came Mr.
Maxjicid'^ to him, fayin<jj, That the Council bid him tell
the faid Church, That if he would take his Ilorfe and ride
along the middle of the Street there might be no dan<j;er,
they were then fitting in Council: He bid him go and tell
his Mailers, Not to trouble themfelves, whether he came
upon his head or feet, he was coming: however thinking
the return was fomething rude, call'd him back to drink a
Glafs of Wine, and then he would go with him. So com-
ing to the Council, They were very thankful to him for his
coming; and told him that the occafion of their fending for
him was, That there was a Captive come in who gave them
an account, That the Indiafts were come down and had ta-
ken pofleffion of the Stone Fort at Pcjepfcot^^ fo that they
wanted his advice ♦& thoughts about the matter; whither

yen, and widow of William Tillej and Savage admits that the name may be
James Woodmanfey ; (3) 29 Mar., 17.12, the fame as Maxfield. He was a mem-
Mary, daughter of Henry Shrimpton, her of the " Scot's Charitable Society,"
and widow of Robert Gibbs. [Savage's in Bofton, in 1684. [Savage's (ien.
Gen. Dic^.w: SS'^ Hijl. And. & Hon. Dia. iii : 183; Drake's Ilijl. Bojl. i:
Art. 208; Walhburn's yndic. IliJl. 455-]

Alafs. 258-263.] 1!' Pejef/cot fort was fitirited on the
■J** 5''«"'<'-* •^'^•^'^^^^' was doorkeeper for weftern fide of what are now known as
the Governor and Council and Court Pejcpfcot Lower Falls, or Brunfwick
in 1693, and was probably the man falls, on the Andrf^fcogghi. [William-
Church here had in mind. Indeed, fon's Hiji. Me. i : 46, 590, 624.]

^>7

they would tarry and keep in tliat Tort or not? anil
whither it was not expedient to lend Tome Forces to do
fomc I'poil upon them; and further to know whither he
could not be prevaiPd with to Rail'c Tome Volunteers and
go, to do Ibme fpoil upon them? He anl'vver'd them, he
was unwilling; to be concerned any more; it bein^ very
dilllcult and chargeable to Raife Volunteers, as he found
by experience in the lall Expedition. But they ufmg many
arguments prcvaiTd lo far with him, That if the Govern-
ment of Plymouth faw caufc to fend him (he would go)
thinking the Expedition would be fhort. Took his leave
of them «& went home. And in a Ihort time after there
came an T^xprefs from Governour Hinkley^ to requell Maj
Church to come down to Barnjlahle to him: he having
received a Letter from the Government of Bojlon to raife
fome Forces to go Eajl ; whereupon the faid Maj. Church
went the next day to Barnjlablc, as ordered; finding the
Governour and fome of the Council of War there,"" dif-

•^" The Council of War at this time, John 'riiachijr, (Varmouth,)

bv law of 1671, was compofod of the John Walley, (Man.ftable,)

' ,, John Cuihmg, (Scituatu.)

Governor and Aiultants as annually

chofen, " and a like number of other To thefe were added, in 1689, to make

trufty and able men chofen alfo by the "P ^he Council of War, the following,

General Court, and from year to year ^'^ ■

tilled up, if by death removed, or Nathaniel Bj-field, (Briftol,)

otherwife any of them be wantinjr, or ^"i""; •f°"''"''"' f P^"^"*' i^^'UlT'?. ^

; ^ , . r, „ Lieut. Ifaac Little, (Marflifield.)

incapacitated to perform their truu."

The Governor and Affiftants this year Who, of the number formerly ap-

^grg . pointed, held over to complete the

,„ „ , , number, we are not informed. [Brii'-

Thomas Hinckley, Gov., (Barnftablc,) , , _ ^ ^. , y ,r r., '

William Bradford, Dep. Gov., (Plymouth.) l^''^'" « ^«^^ "/ <-0^- «/ ^"^^^ ^'.'■'"•

John Freeman, (Eaftham,) 285; Plym. Col. Rec. vi : 205, 212.]

I 6H

loiisM him, t'oncludini; that hi' flioulil taki* his Imiinu
SoiihliiTs, and two Juix/ij/i L'aptains with what Vohintccrs
.IS could be raill'd; ami that one C'ai>l. (hould yo out of
riymoidh and liarujlahlc County, and the otlur out
of /y/v/A;/ County,**' with |6S| what Forces he could railV,
concluding to have but lew OHiccrs, to la\c Chartjc; the
faid Church was at ^reat Charfre & Expcnce in railln*: of
Forces. Governour Ilinldcy promifed that he wouKl take
care to provide Vellels to tranfport the laid Army with
Ammunition & Provilions, by the time preflxt by him-
lelf, lor the (jovernment ot Jio/lon had oblii^M tliemlelves
by their Letter, to provide any thinii; that was wantin<^; To
at the time prefixt Major Church MarchM down all his
Souldiers out of Brijlol County to Piyinou/h, as ordered ;
and beinjjj come, found it not as he expected, foi- there was
neither Provifions, Ammunition nor Tranfports; fo he im-
mediately fent an Exprefs to the Governour who was at
Barnjlable^ to o^ive him an account that he with the Men
were come to Plymouth, and found nothin^^ ready; in his'^'"'
return to the faid Church, gave liim an account of his dif-
appointments; and fent John Lathrop^'^ of Barnjtablc in a

81 The Plymouth Records Ihow that **2 That is. Gov. Hincklfv, in his re-

the Court, which met 5 June, 169(1, toolt ply to Cluircirs mclTaye, "gave him

a(5lion in rcL^ard to co-operating witii an account, iVc"

the Mais. Colony in the propolcd cxpe- *' yo/in Loilnop was youngcft Ton of

dition to Canada, and appointed Capt. Rcv.John. of Harnllable ; married 3 Jan.,

Joleph Silvefter (of Scituatc) and Mr. 1672, at Plymouth, Mary Cole; had

John Gorham (of Barnltable) to be Cap- John, Mary, Martha, Elizabeth, James,

tains, with Jabez Snow (of Eallham) Hannah, Jonathan, Barnabas, Abigail,

and Samuel Gallop (of Bofton.') Lieu- and Experience; died 17 Sept., 1727, <»A

tenants. \Plym. Col. Rec. vi ; 250.J 85. [Savage's Cicn. Did. iii : 120.J
6 41

f '■>* I

Vclll'l with lomc Amimiiiition aiul Proviiioii on boanl, to
liini at nynioitlli\ alio lent Iiiiu word tliat there was more
on board i)\' Sauiuci ^l/Zim^'^^ vti luinijlablc^ who was to ^o
for a Tranfjiort, and tliat he hinileir vvonkl be at Ply-
mouth the next day: but yU/i)ij( never eame near liim, but
went to JUlUn^s-gatc at Cape-cod^^ as he was inforni'd.
The Ciovernour beini; come, (aid to ^Faj. C/iun/i that he
mull take Ibme of the open Sloops, and make Spar-Deeks
to them, and hiy Platl'orms for the Souldiers to lye upon;
which delays were very Expenlivc to the faid Clni}'ch\ his
Souldiers beinjj^all Volunteers, daily expected to be treated
by him, and the Indict its always be<^<i;in^ for Money to pfct
drink: but he uHnu^ iiis utmolt dili«^ence, made wliat dij-
patch he could to be "^^one. BcMiijj ready to Imbark, re-
ceived his CommiHion and Inllru(!*tions from (lovernour
//iu/chy, which are as followeth, viz.

The Council of War of their Majcjlys Colouy of ^cw-

Plymouth in New-Kn<rland. 'Jo Major Iknjamin

Church Conimandcr in Chiefs &c.

WIfcreas the Kenebeck and Eallward Indians^ with the
Frenr-h' their Confederates have openly made War

W 5rt;««c/ ^l//>v/ <>nT:un(lable, eldeft **'^ " Billingr','ate Point is on the weft

fon of Tlioniati of tlie same, born lo fide of tiie town [I£a(UiamJ, about 6

Feb., i6^|; was LieUt., and Town miles from the main land, with whieii

Cierlt; was Deputy 1C82-4; married it was formerly connecited; but for

Hannah, daughter of Rev. Thomas many years it has been an ifland, the

Walley; had Thomas. Samuel, Jofeph, lea having broken over and wallied it

Hannah, and Elizabeth: died 25 Nov., away in two placeh. where is fuHicient

i7.:6, tPt. 82. [Freeman's ////?. Cape water for (mall vellels to pal's through."

Co'i, ii: 274. J [Pratt's ///>?. Eafthitm, 2.)

L "« J

tipon their Majijlys Sii/ij\ffs of tin rioviui'cs of Maine,
Ncw-llani|i(hire ami of the MalVacluirctts Colony^ haviiij^
(onuniltcii utaiiv liarharoiis Mnnhrs^ Spoils and Rapines
upon their l\ rjons and Ji/iates. And tk.'hereas there are
Joine Forces of Sonhiiers Kiiujlilli cib* Imliaiis mno raijed and
detached out of the J'everal Reiiih'en/s and /'/aces 7L'ithin this
Coiony of Ncw-lMyniouth,"" to j^o forth to the ^Ijjijlance of
our Neij^hbours and I'^riends of the aforefaid Provinces &
Colony of the Malliichurclts, SubjeHs of one and the fame
Croxon, And ivhercas you Benjamin Cluirch are appointed
to be Major and Commander in Chief of all the Forces
En«iflilh & Indians detached ivithin this Colony, toj^ether with
fuch other of their Majtjlys Subjeils as elfe where Jha II Lijl
themfelves^ orjhallbe orderly put under your Command for
the Service of their Majejlns as aforefaid. Thefe are in
their Majiflies Name to Authorize and J\e</uire i'ou to tale
into youy Care & Conducl all the fa id Forces En^lilli &
Indians, and diligently to Intend that Service^ by Leading

*" Tlif proportion fixed bv the I'lvin-
outli Court, oil wliicli tlicl'e loliliers
were to be railed and armed, was as
loUows : —

Plimoulli,

Diixbiiry, 7

M.irllilield, 7

Sciiiiate, 16

llridsuwatcr, 8
MiiUUeborough, 3

Uariilt.-ible, i»

Sandwich. 10

YariLiDUtli 10

Eudhum, 10

Mi-n. Arn)<>ii.

«3 4

i
3

a
I
4
3
3
3

Kalniiiuth,

Mipii.uiKiy,

Kiiclieller,

Itriilol,

Swanfcy,

Little C'limpton, 4

Dartmouth, 8

raiintiiii, 14

Kuhobiith, 10

t rectuwii, a

Min. Aniii'i,
a I

2
a
6
7

It was ordered, alfo, that tiu-re he
railed ^oJiuiiatis, — 22 in tiieeoiiiilx ol
Harnllable, 22 in the county of IJrillol,
and 6 in tliat of I'lynioiitii. Alio,
I'lvnionth County was to '*|)rovi(le
amies and f)tiier neicllaries" for 18
men. liarnllablc County for 15, and
Brillol County for 17. [/'/y»i. Col.
litc. vi : 2J\().\ The debt iiuuned l)v
tiie Plymouth Colony for its (hare of
the expenre.s of this oampai;,'n amount-
ed to £1.350. The entire ratable ellate
of that Colony, then, was £35,;_>oo.

f f- 1

i2f I'.xercifniii of your lufcriour Officers and Soii/dicrs, Cnni-
nuimiiiti^ tlmn to Obey |<n)| you as tluir C/inJ Coptimandir.
Ami to purfui\Jii^hl^ tak'i\ kill or dijlroy the /aid Enemies
their Aiders and Abettors t>y all the xvays and means you
can^ as you Jhall have oftf^ortuuity^ & to accept to Mercy or
Xraut Quarter i^ Favour tofuch or fo many of /aid Jin-
emies as you Jhall Jind needful for promoting; the defii^n
aforefaid. And you to obfervc and obey all fuch Orders and
/njlruilions^ as from time to time you Jhall receive from the
CommiJ/toners of the Colonies^ or the Council of IVar of the
Jaid Colony of Nc'vv-Pl}ni()iith, or from the Governour ami
CVv/;/^-// r>////<' MiilVachurt'tts. /;/ 'I ejlimony whereof is af-
fixed the Piiblieh Seal of this Colony. Dated in IMytnoulli
the Second day of September, Anno Domi. 1690. ^inno-
(/ue Reoni Ke^^is ct Ke^imc Willielnii et Mariii^ &c. Se-
cundo, Tho. Iliiikley Pnfident,

JUStniCltOnSy^^'' Major Henjaniin Church Commander
in Chief of the Plymouth Forces^ 7uith other of the
Mairaclnifetts^/// under his Command,

* TN purfuance of the Commillion ^iven you for their
-■• * IMaJeIly''s Service in the prefent J*l\pedition a<^ain(l
'the Common Enem>', Indian & French their Aiders and
' Abettors, on the requelt of our Brethren and Friends of
' the Majfachufetts Colony, Subjects of one and the fame
'Crown of En<^land\ for our AHillance of them therein.
' Repofnig confidence in your Wifdom, Prudence, Pronefs

and Kaithfulncfs in tho UuW iitul«'r (Jod cotnmitti'd to yoii
for tlu" I IdiKuir ol' His Niitnc, tiic Intcrell of C'Inill in
tlu'lc C'liuri'hcs, aiul the ^'ood oftlu' whok- I\n|)Ir; I'ray-
iii^ and Iv\j>i'i''tin«^ that in your di'pcMulaiicc on Ilim, you
may he hrlpi-d aiul AllilU'd witli all tliat (iracf, Wililom
and C'ouia«;c ncct'llary for the carrying ot* you on with
Succci's in tliis ditlicult Service; and tho' nuich is and
mull be left to your dilcretion, with your Council of Olli-
cers, as Providence & ()p|M)rtunity may prelent from time
to time in !*Iaces of action. Vet the followini,^ Inllruc-
tions are commended to vou to be obferved &, attended
by you, fo far as the State and Circumllances of that affair
will admit.

*You are with all poinblc Ipeed to take care that the
lUynioiitli Forces both Jitn^lijh & huHans under your
Command be fixed \k. ready on the firll opportunity ot
Wind & Weather, to p) on board luch Vellels, as are
provided to tranfport you to Pifcataqua\''^ and there take
under your care & command fuch Companies of the
Majjachuft'tts Colony, as Ihall by them be ordered and
added to you there, or elfe where from time to time; all
which you are to improve in fuch way, and I'roni place to
place, as with the advice of your Council, conlillin<^ of the
Commillion Otlicers of the Majjixchiifctts Colony, and
Plyuioulh under your condui^t, ihall fer^m meet, for the
finding out, purfuing, takinif or dellroying of faid com-
mon Enemy, on all opportunities, according to Commif-

M Poitrniouth, N.II.
45

fioii, und liicli riirtliL-r Orders & In(lni('-ti)iis as yoii have
ov niav rccci\'L' Iroiii llir (iovcnunir & Council ol llu-
Ahil/di/uijctts^ tliL' C'ouiniillioncrs lor the United Coioni(;s>
or the (jf>vernoiir ik Council of rivnioulli\ fo far as you
may he capahle, Inten{lin<f what you can tlie |)rerervin<^
ol tlie near Towns Ironi the Incurlions and |7<>| dellruc-
tion ol the l^ni.-niy: Hut chielly to intend the fuuhnL;' out,
jjurluin;^, takinj^ and delLro\ ini^ the Paieniy al)road, and ii
pollibk.' to attack them in their iiead quarters and j)rincipal
Rantlezvcni/, if you are in a rational capacity r\ fo doini^;
and for the better enahlini^ you thereunto, We have aj)-
pointed the VelTels that tianl])ort you, and the Pro\ilions,
&c. to attend your motion & order, until you Ihall lee
caufe to dil'mils them, or any one of them, which is
dclired to be done the lirll opj)ortunity 'hat the Ser-
vice will admit. Yon are to fee that your Souldiers
Armes be always llxt, and tiiey j)ro\'i(led vvitli Ammu-
nition, and other necelliiries, that they may be always
ready to repel and att.'ick the ICnemy. You are to take
fpecial care to a\oid dani^er in the purl'uit ol the Jl^nemy's
by keepin;^ out Scouts, and a forlorn,*^*^ to prevent the
Ambulhments ol the ICnemy on your main body in their
Marches. And by all pollible means to I'urpri/e Ibme of
the Enemy, that fo you may <^ain better Intelligence.
'You arc to take elTectual care that the worlhip of (j(kI

*^ ''^ /''iirlirti — incti detached from or to hij^iii (lie alt;i(k of a Ix liej^ed
feveral rej^ittiftits, or otherwile ap- |)lace." [ //w/'/ffV. J " Forlorn- hf»|)c"<oim;s
pointed Ut ;{ive llu: tiilt onlet in l)attlr, Iroiu it, as iniplyiny fpet iai danj^er.

7'>

' be kept up in llic Army, tliat Moniin*^' and Kvcninji I'raycr
' he atU.'iulcd, and the IkjIv Sal)l)atli duly SaiuHilicd, as tlio
' lOincT^riMicy of your alliiirs will admit,.

' You arc to take llrii'l care; to j)rcvfnl oi |)unili) Drunk-
' cniK'ls, Curliiij^, Swearing and all other Vice; Icalt the
' anther of Mod l)c thereby pnn'oki-d to liijiit a^ainfl you.
'You are from time to time to ^ive Inlelli^aMice and ad\'ice
'to the (iovernour of the Ma/fac/iiijclls, and to us oC your
' proceedin<^ and (jccurances that may attend yoi;. And in
'cal'-ofa failure of any Conmiillion Ollicers, you are to
'appoint (thers in their Head. And when with the advice
' of your Council aforefaid, you (hall after fome tryal tee
' your Service not like to be ad\antaL,^eous to the accom-
' plilhment of the Publiek end aforefaid: 'I'hat then you
'return honur witji the; 1*\hci;s; el'pecially if you fhall
'receive any orders or (hreitions fo t(j do (rom the MaJJa-
*" clmjctls^ or from us (Hveii nmicr my hand a f l^lymouth,
*" ihe id day of .Sej)tember, Anno Darui i6go.

' Tho. Jlincklij (iOV. & Prc^fident.

Now havin^; a fair Wind Maj Church f(jon ;^ot to Pifcat-
aquaS'^ who was to aj)ply himfelf U) Maj. Pihc'^^^ a worthy

•"' IC Cliiirrli fnilcd frcitii I'l vinoiitli 9 davs. He proliahlv readied I'ifialit-
iiimii(liatc-lj fin rcr(;i|)l of liis coMiiiiir- i/iitt on Wcdnc-rday, 3 Si'pL, aii(J re-
lion and iidlnuHioiis, he j)rr)l)al)lv j^ot ecivi-d the Major's itdlni<':lioMS two f>r
otr on 'i'liulda^, 2 Sept., i6(/j. On three days l)eforf lie was ready to move
the following Tuefilay he received his upor. I'eji'pfrot.

intlrmUions at Porllinoiith from Major '•*' Ix'ohrrt I'ikr, of Salifhury, fori of

I'ike, and ipeaksof heiiig delaveil ahout John, (jf Newbury; was freitrnari 17

7' I

(luntk'nian, who ihid, lie had advic-c of" his coniin;^ from
/io/l())i, (icntlcmicn ; alio he liad it-ccivcd (hrt't'-.tions that
wliat Men the faid Church (hould want niiill 1)l' railed out
i)\' //aNi/)/hi}'c \ out of their icveral Towns and (iarrifons:
Maj. /V/v ask'd him, How many Men lie Ihouid want?
lie laid enou,L,di to make up his Forces tliat he brought
with him, ,^,oo at leall, and not more than 350. And fo in
about Nine (hiys time he was Tupply'd with two Companies
of Souhli(;rs. He havinj^ been at about Twenty Shillina^s
a day cliar^e in expences while there. Now he received
Maj. Pikers IndrucHicjns ; which are as roliowetli,

l\)r/fni()Hth in New-/ fainpjhirc^ Sept. 9, 1690.

To Maj. Benjamin Church Commander in Chief of Iheir
AJajefly's T'orces mnu de/i^^ned upon the prefent Jixpedi-
tion Iiaflivard, & now Reftdent at l^ortfmoutli. [71 |

T/ fe (lovernour a./d Council of the Malfachufetts Colony
repofins; ^reat trnfl a7id confidence in your Loyalty &
Valour from experience of yojir former AH ions ^ and of Gods
prefence with you in the fame. In purfuant of an Order
received from them., CommajtdinQ it. T/ufe are in their
Majcjlfs Names to Impower and Reqtiire you as Command-
er in Chief., to take into your care a7id condufl thefe Forces

May, 1637; Ri'i'rcffntative from S., Sarah Sanders, and liad Sarah, Mary,

1648, and (bine; following years ; AfTiO- l>orf)tliy, Mary Ta^ain ;, Klizal)Cth,Jolin,

ant i68i ind 1691 ; Councillor 1689 and Rol)ert, and Mf)('(;s ; died 12 Dec, lyf/j,

\(ti)\ \ was Major in one of the li/Tex trt.fji. lie was early a church member,

regiments, lie married. 3 April, 1641, [Savage's (Jen Did. iii : 4,36. |

I 7' I

now here prefent at their Randczvonz at Portfmouth ; and
they are alike required to otuy you : and ivith them to Sail
Jia/lward by the /ir/l opportujiity to CaCco, or Places Adja-
cent^ that may be mojl commodious for Landinj^ ivith fafety
and fecrc/y^and to vijit the Ji7tcmy 1^'rcnch & Indians at
their head quarters at Amcras-co<^cn,"' PcjcpCcot, or any
other Plat, accordinj^ as you may have hope or intellijj^ence of
the Refidettt of the lincmy ; nfinj^ always your ■utmo/l in-
deavour for the prefervation of your oivn Men, and the kill"
inor,dc/lroyin<^ and utterly roolini> out the Knemy wherefoever
they may be found ; as alfo as much as may poffibly be done
for the redeeming or recovering of our Captives in any
Places.

You being theft arrived, <2f rinderflanding your way, to
take your fourney back again either by Land or Water,
as you f hall judge mofl convenient for the accomplifhing of
the end intended ; and to give intelligence always of your
motions whenfoever you can with fafety and convenience.

Laflly, in all to confult your Cou7icil the Commanders or

" Androfcogffin, On a riule pen- map is clearly contemporaneous, and

drawn map [in the Connctiticut Ar- may iiave been traced by Chun-.h to

chivcH, War. Vol. III. Doc. 86 (for alTill tlieir delii)erationK, — this is writ-

a copy of which I am indebted to ten in two words, thus, /Iw^/vyTv '"'o^'r/w,

the kindnefs of the Hon. J. Hammond and is Outcd to be " about Sfj mylc from

Trumbull)], bearinjj notes in the hand- the fea." It was fituated upon a terri-

writing of Hon. William Pitkin, who tory which ufcd to be called by the

was one of the two Coiinetiticut Com- Indians Itoccamecco, and was the head-

mifTioners at the meeting in Bofton, quarters of the ylwrfrfl/co^'-^'-/// tribe, tnd

■which declared war with the Eadern feems to have been near the great Pen-

ludians, and appointed Church com- nacook falls on the Androfcoggin river,

mandcr ffee note 27, ante), — which in Rumford. [A/i?. ////?. Co//, iii : 333.]

7 49

[71]

CommiJJion Cjfuers of your fcveral Companies^ when it Piay
be obtained^ the greater part of whom to determine^ and fo
the Lord of J I of I the God of Armies (ro alona^ with yon, and
be yo2ir Condtift, Given nnder my hand the day and year
abovefaid. Per Robert Pike.

Bcirii^ ready,"^ they took the firfl opportunity and made
the bed of their way to Pejepfcot Fort,"' where tliey found
From thence they March'd to Ameras-cogen,

nothing.

"^ Church's letter to Gov. Hinckley,
of chitc 30 Sept., 1690, n:irr:itin{,' the
events of this expedition — lately printed
by Mr. S. G. Drake in his additions to
Baylies's Plymouth [pp. 90-97] — fays,
"Wo fett faile from Pifcataqiia upon
the 10"' inllant, at 2 in the afternoon,
and came tlie 11"' in the ni^ht amont^fl
the Illands in C''fco Bay." He proceeds
as follows : —

" Laid the vefTclls clofe out of fi^'ht
— went on fliorc at breake of day, upon
an Kland that had been inhabited by
the Englilh, called Cafoaffl^C/iebcajruc,
or ChebaccOi now known as Great Gc-
beag, and called " S/icab " on the " An-
cient Plan."] We rant^ed about, found
where the enemie had lately been, but
were drawn off. This wus the twelfth
day. In the evening wo wayed and
came down to Macquait [^Muquoit, or
Marquoity the N. E. termination of
Magocook bay, in Freeport, Me.], and
the 13th day about 2 : of the clocke in
the morning we landed our men filently
upon the Maine ; and leaveing fouldiers
on board to keep theveffells,we marched
in the night up to Pochipfcutt \^Pejep-

Jcot] fort, — diuidcd the army into: 3:
companies, furrouiuled the fort, and
when daylight appeared we found that
the enemie were removed not long be-
fore we came there; alfo the fouldiers
found fomc little plunder, and u barn
of corn."

«••' Williamfon \IIiJl. Mc. i : 624]
makes the carelefs millake of rcprc-
fenting the tlight of Doncy, the releafo
of the captives, &c., which really took
place on the next day (Sabbath, 14
Sept., 1690) at the upper falls, as
taking place here at Brunfwick Lower
Falls.

"* Church fays in his letter [fee note
92, antc'\ that he went up "on the S.
W. fide of the river altho the way was
extream difllcult : yet it was a more
obfcure way : the d^e iiie ufeing to
march on the N. E. fide." He further
fays [p. 91] that they marched on the
fame day (Saturday) on which they
reached Pejepfcot, " above the middle
falls, about 20 miles," when it rained
hard, and they there encamped. This
was at Lewifton Falls, ci< Med by the In-
dians Amityonpontook. They marched

[7']

and when they came near the Fort Maj. Church made a
halt, ordcrin<( the Captains to draw out of their feveral
Companies 60 of their meanefl men, to be a <(iiard to the
Doctor & vSnapfacks;"'' being not a Mile from faid Fort;
and then Moving towards the Fort, they faw young Dottcy''^^'
and his Wife, with two Ens^li/Ji Captives: the faid Doncy
made his efcape to the Foit, his Wife was fhot down, and
fo the two poor Captives releas'd out of their bondage.
The faid Maj. Church and Capt. Walton'"'' made no Hop,
making the belt of their way to the Fort with fome of
the Army, in hopes of getting to the Fort before young

the next Hay at dawn, and came within
fight of the fort about 2 P. U. [Me.
Ilijl. CoU. iii : 322.]

"* " In Ihort time came to the westerly
brancli of the Great River, and there
left our bagyage and thofe men that
were tired, and made them up to forty
men to f,niard the Dodtor." Church's
Letter [Drake's Baylies, Pt. v : yi.]

"•' In his Book of the Indians | p. 307],
Mr. Drake gives it as his opinion that
this Doney, or Dony, family were French
refidents amotig the Indians, like Cas-
ting and that this fon was a half-breed.
Williamfon [i : 624] fays he was one of
the Sokokis (or Sock/tigones), who were
the aborigines of the SacovaWcy. Sul-
livan [////?. IJifl. Me. 180] calls old
Doney "' a favagc." Mather \Magnalia,
B. vii ; 86, 87] enumerates Robin Doney
among the Sagamores who funned the
" fubmiiFion " at Pemmaquid in 1693,
and fays he was feized at Saco within a
year after. He is thought to have been
the " Old Doney" mentioned in a letter

written by Church, and the father of
this fugitive. Williamfon refers to him
[i. 642J with Bomafecn.

"I Sltadracli Walton., of Great Ifland
(now Newcallle, N II.), was fccoml fon
of George anil Alice, was b. 1658, was
Captain in i6yo; Major in the attack on
Port Royal in 1707; Colonel of New-
Ilaniplliire troops in 1710; Colonel of
the Rangers in aiitive fervice the next
winter; was made a Royal Counlellor
in 1716; ciuieted the Eaftern Indians in
1720; wasfenior nieinber and Prefident
of the Co jncil Board in 1733 ; was Judge
C. C. P. 1695-1698; Judge S. C. 1698,
1699; and again Judge C. C. P. 1716-
1737 ,IIe died 3 Otit., 1741, aged 83.
He was father of George; Benjamin
(H. U. 1729, a mini(ter) ; Klizabeth
(m. KeefeJ ; Abigail (m. Long) ; Sarah
(m. Sheafe) ; Mary (m. Randall, and
became g. g. m. of the founder of the
"Free- Will Baptift Connection.") [Rev.
A. H. Qiiint, D.D., in N. E. Iliji. <&
Gen. Reg. ix : 57.]

5»

[7^]

Doniy]^^*^ but the River thro' wliich they miifl pafs bein^ as
deep as their Arm-pits; however Maj. Church as foon as he
was got over llripM to his Shirt and jaeket, leavin*; his
Breeches behind, ran directly to the Fort, havin^^ an eye to
fee ir3'oun_<^ J)omy,\w\\o ran on the other fide of tlie River
fhould j^et there before him: the Wind now blovvinjr very
hard in their Faces as they ran was fome help to them;
for feveral of our Men fired Guns, which they in the Fort
did not hear; fo that we had talien all in the Fort had it
not been for youn<r Dcmcy^ who ij^ot to the Fort juft before
we did, who ran into the South Gate, and out at the [72]
North, all the Men following him except 0:1c, who all ran
dirc6tly down to the great River and Falls. The faid
Chiircli and his Forces being come pretty near, he ordered
the faid Walton to run dire6tly with fome Forces into the
Fort, and himfelf with the reft ran down to the River after
the Enemv, who ran fome of them into the River, and the
reft under 'he great Falls; thofe who ran into the River

98 The account which Chuich gives
in his letter is this : —

" And looking over the brow of n hill
by the river, cfpicd twf) Engiilh captiucs
and an Indian, moving towards the fort :
ran after them, and foon took the Kng-
lilh but the Indian got cicarc. Then I
feared he would informe the fort : gave
order, that all with one confent Ihould
rur. throw the river and not mind any
other forme : but lie that could gctt
fl'f. '•ithc fort, if they had opportunity,
io ofter them peace. If they would not
iccept it to fall on, and by that lime

they were well entred the reft: would
be come up: aifo I gave order for 2
com])anics to fpread between the woods
and the fort to prcuent tlie cfcape of the
enemie that way — ail which was at-
tended. We were very wett running
throw the riucr, but got up undifcovered
to tlie fort till within Ihott : few In-
dians we found there, but two men and
a lad of about: i8: with fome women
and children : 5 ran into the riuer, 3 or
4 of which were killed. We killed 6
or 7, and took eleven." [Drake's Bay-
lies, Pt. v : 91, 92.]

f 7^

were kill'd, for he faw but one man f]jet over, and lie only
crcjit up the bank, and there lay in open hi^ht ; and tiiole
that ran under the I^'alls they made no diCeovery of, not-
willillandin«^^ (everal of his men went in under the liud Falls,
and was «(one fome conhderable time; could not find them;
lb leaving a Watch there, returned up to the Fort, where
he found but one Man taken & feveral Women & Children,
amonfi^fl; which was Capt. //a/cins'^'^ Wife & Wortimdos^^ '""
Wife, the Sachem of that Fort, with their Children; the
faid Ilakins was the Sachem of Pcnnacook\ who dellroyed
Maj Waldcn and his Family, fome time before,"" dfc. The
faid two Women, viz, Ilakins and Worumhos''!^ Wives, re-
quefled the faid Church that he would fpare them and their
Children's lives, promilin^'' upon that condition, he fliould
have all the Captives that were taken, and in the Indians
hands: He ask'd them, IIow many.^ they faid about four-
fcore: So upon that condition he promis'd them their lives,
&c. And in the faid Fort there was feveral EngliJJi Cap-
tives, who were in a miferable condition; amongd whom

"9 Katikawaffus (■<\\\^%yo/in ffoifki'iis, here taken captive, and his fifler was

Ilaivkins, ur llukins) was a Peiinacook amonj,' tiu; Ihiiii. [Book of the Indians,

Sachem. About 1685 he wrote feveral 297-300; Drake's //r/_>7/V,'.?, I't- v: 97. J

letters to Gov. Cranfieid, of New Ilainp- ""^ lVoromdo(Woroml>os) was a Tar-

fhire, difclofing his fear of the Mohav'ks ratine, and Sachem o{ Andro/cofririn

and his defire for Englilh proteiition. [Atnos Cojif^ifcn, Cliurch fjiells it, in

He fubfequcntly fled to the eadward, his letter, much as Pitkin wrote it (see

and joined the Andro/roffffins, where note 91, ante)]. He had tzvo children

he became hoflile to the fettlers, and in captured here. [Vid. Church's Letter,

1689 headed the maffacrc of Maj. Wal- 97. J

dron. His wife and four children were "" Sec notes 12 and 32, ante.

[7^1

was Capt. //jtf/y'ini^s'sW]^^ o{ OyJIer- River .^'^ Maj. Church
proct'cdrd to examine llic Man taken, wlio <^'avc him an
account that moll of tlicir h<4litin^ men were «^onc to Win-
tcr-liarboiir,, to provide I'rovilions for the Hay of lumdy
hidians^ who were to come and joyn with them to fi^lit the
liuQ^liJh}^''^ Tlie Souldiers bein^ very rude would liardly
fpare the Indians Hfe, while in examination, intendin;^
when he had done that he (hould be Executed: but Capt.
Iluc/dna^s Wile and another Woman down on their knees
beg'd for him, layin*^, lie had been a means to lave their
Lives and a ^reat many more; and had helped feveral to
opportunities to run away & make their efeape; and that

IW <• We found ti prety deal of corn in
barnes under j,'rf>im(l, and dedroji-d it;
uil'o we Ibund ^uiis and anninilion :i
prcty deal, with beauer, and we took
5 Kn;^li(li captives, vi/. Lieut. Robert
lUokins his widow of (Jailer River;
IJenjainin Barnards wife of Salmon
Falls; Ann Heard of Cocheelio ; one
Willifes dauj^hler of OjHer Riuer, and
a bo^ of lOxeter." [/hid. 92. J Oyjler
River was originally a |iart of Dover,
N.Il., now Durham, yutncs lliickins
was fon of Robert, Conflable 1683; had
cldeft Ion Robert; was killed in the
on(lau;,'ht of the Indians in Au^jurt, 1689.
[Farmer's J3clk»(i/>'s New Ilamp. 131 ;
Savat{e's (ien. Did. ii : 487. J

'"* Dictating to his fon Thomas a
quarter of a century afterwards, it is
not flrangc that fome particulars fhould
have faded from the memory of (Japt.
Church. He here rcprcfcnts his haflc
to make the bed of his way back to

Winter-Harbor to be for the piirpofc
of inter(e|)tint^ aiid captiirintj thefe In-
dians, who wi:re {(one thither for pro-
vilions. IJut in liis letter, written at
the time, be informs Cjov. Hinckley
that —

"Both Indians and Englilb informed
us that the enemy had lately had a con-
fultation. Many r>f them were frjr peace
and many a;;aiii(l it, and had lin-d and
f)roeure<l about 300, and intended for
Wells with a tlaj^g of truce and offer
them peatx'. If they could not agree
then to fall on. Il they could not take
Wells, then they refolved to attack PiJ-
ciitf(ii/na" [ p. 92 |.

1 le adds | p. 93J : " We made all haflc
imaginable, yw/'yi'rtryow/e 0/ our lowus
/houltl be attacked before ivc came
/lonie."

This would fccm to be 'he true expla-
nation of his hurried march back; that
he feared a malTacre in his abfencc.

73 1

never flncc he came amonj^fl tliem had fouf^ht a^ainft the
liui^lijli^ but beini^ related to I ItiLins Wife kept at the I^'ort
with them, he havin;^ l)een there two Years; but liis liv-
iii<^ was to the wellward of liojlon. iSo upon their re(jue(>
his life was fpared, &c. Next day the faid Cliunh orcU-red
that all their Corn (hould be dellroy'd, bein<^ a great
cpiantity, favinf^ a little for the two old Squaws which he
de(i<^n'd to leave at the Fort to give an account who he
was, and from whence he canu?: the red being knock'd
on the head, except what afore-inentioned, for an example,
ordering them to be all buried."" Having enquired where
all their befl I^ever was. ^ 'hey laid, it was carried away
to make a prefent to the Jiay of /u)ni/y hullans^ who were
coming to their AOiflance. Now lieing ready to draw off
from thence, he calTd the two old Scpiaws to him, and
gave each of them a Kittle and ff>me Hiskets, biding them
to tell the Indians when they came home, [73 | that he
was known by the Name of Capt. C/inrch, and liv'd in
the Weflerly part of Plymouih (iovernment; and that

'••* There is a tiiijjc of hiirbarity in
the narrative liere, which is ahfcnt from
tlie letter, and whicli leads us to im-
agine that the douf^hty old warrior,
roiij^hly tellinj( his tale fo lotii^ after,
was ieareely jiid to hinileK in fomc cjf
the motives which he intimates. The
letter thus narrates it [|). 93], fayinfj
nothinj; about " knockin;^ on the head "
for "example," which would have been
a moft unlikely procedure where the

aim was to fecure "the like to ours":
" We left twf> old (quaws that were
not able to march ; ^{ave them victuals
enouj^h for one week of their own corn
boiled, and a litle of our prouifions, and
buried their di-ad, and left them clothes
enough to keep them warme, and left
the wigwams for them to lye in, —
gave them orders to tell theire friends
how kind we were to them, — bidding
them doe the like to ours."

I 7.1 I

tliofc Indians that came with him were formerly Kin^
Philips Mi'ii, and that he had met with tlinii in ritilips
Wai, and chew them oil* (Vom him, to ti;^d»t for \\\v /•iui^/i/h
a^ainll the laid I'/ii/if) and his AlVoeiates, who then |)rom-
id'd him to fi/^ht lor the I'lni^lijli as lon^ as tlu-y had one
J'ju-my left; and (aid, that they did not (juellion l)iit be-
fore Indian Corn was ripe to have I'/ii/ips head, notwith-
flandin^ he had twiee as many men as was in their Country ;
and that they had kili'd and taken one tiioulanil tiiree hun-
dred and odd of Philips Men, Women & Children, and
Philip himfelf, with feveral other Sachems, C:fc, and that
they Ihould tell lldLins & Worunibo^ 'I'hat if they had a
mind to fee their Wives & Children they fh(»uld eome to
Wills (iarrifon, and that there they mi«^ht hear of them,
dr'r.'"' Maj. Church havin<( done, Mov'd ivith all his
Forces down to A/cf/uoy/,^'"' where the tranf|)orts were
(but in the way fome of his Souldiers threatned the /;/-
clian man Prilbner, very much, fo that in a thick Swamp
he gave them the (lip and got away) and when they all
got on board the tranfport; the Wind being fair made
the befl of their way for Wi?itcr I fardonr^^^^'' and the next

»"'' The Ifltcr fays [p. 93] : — known Kn^Iitli name for tlie "Pool"

" Alfo, if tliey were fo jj j <oinc at Saco, Mc, near tlie mouth (jf the

to fjoochnan Smalls f ?J att Barwick Saco River, above Wood Illand, and

within 14 dayes, wJio would attend to the fettlement which ^rew up near it.

difconrfe thtm." Williatnfon [///>?. Mc. i: 26) i'uyn it

iwi " Kcturned in that day, and one was " fo called alter an ancient inhabi-

more, to our veffells at Maci/uait." tant there by the name of Winter."

[IbitL] Hut Jolm Winter lived at Kichman's

107 Wititer-flarbor was the carlieft Kland, or at the mouth of the 6'/«r7v»«*.

71)

Morniii;;"" hi-forc day, and as loon as the day a|>p('arM tln-y
dilcovcrrd loiiu' Snjokis ri(in;( l«)vvar(ls SiunuitHs (iairi-
fon:'"'' I Ir ininu'diatcly li'iU away a Si-oiil olW.n Mrn, and
lollovvM prclcntly with tlic whoU' body;"" the Scout coming
mar a Kivrr difeoviTed the ICneniy to l)e on the othiT lide
of the l<i\er:"' IJul three ol" ihe I'.neniy was eonu' o\tr
the River to the lame lide of tlie Kiver whieh ihi- Scont
was of; ran hallily dov\n to ihi-ir Cuikhj, two ol' whii h
lay at eaeli i-nd ol the Canoo, and liie lliiid Hood up to
paddle omt: The Stout liri'd at them, and lu: tiiat pad-
dled lell down upon tlie Canoo and broUe it to pieees, lo
that all three perilhed;"'^ the lirin;^ put tlu: lOneniy to the

|\Villi^■^ I'lttthniily i6. 1 A hilfcr I'll;,'- (Kfiinrhimk-iKirl ) l)(fr)rf lie wrtit to

t,'tllir)n fil llif origin of flu- iiaiiii.' is Said; wlitic lie riicivcd a Uiwii j;iaiil,

llial r)! I'oHViiii I /////. Siiio, 24 I : " Wc in l^<79. miil llir ("aiiir yiar iiiircliaUrd «)f

liavf tin- tiaclitioii nl the iiiliahitanlK of lli-iiry Wadtioik'h wi(l«)W liis jrx) arn*.,

that part of Hiddiloid. that an ICii;4lilli txlfiidinK "(rfnii thi- lower part of llif

vcdid wiiitcrctl in tlic I'ool hi-torc tlur river airol's to (ioole-lair hrodk, anil (f»

ffttlfinent of llu; country, and that dnw n lo llii- lia." lie difd 1 Jan,, 17^7.

tho (lii-ltt-r tlin^ allordcd ;(avf riff lo Had llniii|)hrry, (I). 10 May, tf>T7 ) ;

the ininie (.(' W iiitrr llarhur." lili/aheth (ni. i6«>7, Andriw Haley, of

""* 'I'liih would ap|)ear to liave been Kittery) j Mary (ni. l'ud(iin^;ton) ; Kc-

Widiiijday, 17 .SV//. 'i'lu: fort wan l)ec(:a (m, Hillinj^s) ; Sanuicl, (b. i6Sy. )

taken on Sunday; Monday "and one [ Savage's ^»'«//. Did. iv:.u; T'oHonrs

more" l)rou;,'hl llieni lo Min/iioil, and /////. S<u,i, iSS. |

"the wind liein;; lair," they leeiM lo "" '-I Ic-iit out a Irout u\ (*) men lo

have (ailed inniiediately, and reached Saico Falls to make dilcouery ; the red

their dellinali(in the next mornin;^. in arms ready on lliore : inlendin;^ at

'"" Scamnifjn's (iarriCon was "on the their returne to march by land 1<j Wells."

cad (iile of the Saco, 3 miles below | f.tl/cr, p. 93. J

the falls." \\\illiiiiiifon,\:(yiz^.\ Hum- '" •' The fcoul met with a fmall |)ty.

/>/irvyS(itinmoii{Sttnuiiiii», Siit»iinon(/ } upon the riiiei, making; filli and f>lher

WUH born 1640; m. Kli/abeth, dau. of prouifions, viz. old Uony and his crue,

Donn'nicus Jordan, of .S'/«/-:^///X- ,• lived — about 40, in all." \lbi(l, |>. 94.]

at KUtcry J'oint and Cape I'orpoil'e "■' In the letter, Capt. Church rcpre-

8 57

[73]

run/^'^ whc left their Canoo's and Provifions to ours;"'' and
old Doney^^'' and one Thotnas Baker an EngliJJi Man who
was a Prilbner amongft them, were up at the Falls and heard
the Guns fire, expe6ted the other Indians were come to
their Afliftance, fo came down the River in a Canoo, but
when they perceived that there was EngliJ/i as well as
Indians, old Doney run the Canoo a Ihore, and ran over
Bake7'-s head and followed the reft, and then Baker came
to ours; and gave an account of the Bever hid at Pejepfcot
plain : and coming to the place where the plunder was, the
Major lent a Scout to Pejepfcot Fort, to fee if they could
make any difcovery of the Enemies Tracks, or could dif-
cover any coming up the River; who return'd and faid
they faw nothing but our old Tracks at faid Fort, &c}^^

fents the enemy as being all upon the
other fide. He fays : —

"The enemie being on the othei fide
the riuer, ours could not come at them :
they made Ihot at them : killed one
Dicks, a baco [Mr. Drake I'uggefts yl^wct*
(the largeft of the Bahamas) ; but is
Scbago (a nearer and fo likelier word)
impoflible .''] man, and got him on fhore :
2 more men lank in the riuer : fome of
ours fwam ouer the riuer, took their
cannoos and plunder." [/<^/V/.]

ll!* The letter ftates that " at this fcir-
milh Lt. Ilunniwell was lliot thorrow
the thigh." {^Ibid.'] This was Richard
Hunniwell, concerning whofe famous
adventures as an Indian killer, fee Mc.
Hijl. Coll. iii : 144-148.

114 "There we took a pretty deale of

powder, fliot and lead, and other plun-
der, and 8 or 9 cannoos." [/^/rf.]

'••'' Thomas Baker, Folfom fays (on
the authority of the Scarborough rec-
ords), was "an inhabitant of Scarbo-
rough, in 1681." [//{/?• Saco, 194.]
Willis [//{/?. Portland, 286] enumerates
among thofe taken prifoners by the In-
dians, at the fall of Falmouth, 20 May,
1690, "Thomas Baker (a boy)."

116 *( xhe man we took from them at
Salco, told us that the enemie from
Cape Sables and all quarters were
looked for by that time to rendevouze
att Pechepfcutt : alio that he knew that
the enemie had brought beauer and
other goods to Pechepfcutt Plaine, and
hid them : he fuppofed it was a gratuity
for the eaftward Indians : alio, that he

L74]

Now having got fome Plunder,"' One of the Captains
faid it was time to go home, and feveral others were
of the fame mind; and the Major being much difturb'd
at the Motion of theirs, expe6ting the Enemy would
come in a very Ihort time where they might have a
great advantage of them, &c. Notwithflanding all he
could fay or do, he was oblig'd to call a Council, accord-
ing to his [74] Initru6lions, wherein he was out-voted.
The faid Commander feeing he was put by of his inten-
tions profer'd if 60 Men would Hay with him he would
not imbark as yet; but all that he could fay or do could not
prevail;"^ then they Mov'd to the Veflcls and Imbark'd,
and as they were going in the VefTels on the back fide of
Mayr-point they difcovered 8 or 9 Canoo's, who turn'd
fliort about, and went up the River; being the fame In-
dians that the Major expe6ted, and would have waited for;
and the aforefaid Captain being much difturb'd at what
the Major had faid to him, drew oft' from the Fleet, and
in the Night run aground;"^ in the Morning Ajti/iony

himfplfe knew within half a mile where der : of w'^ich a pretty deale of powder

it was hid. This made us alter our and fliot" Letter \^Ibid.'\

former intention ; anc'. took <hip and '"* The only paragraph in Church's

failed to a place more eaftward then letter which can be conitrued into any

Macquait (called Mare Point [the reference to this conflidl between him

fouth extremity of Brunfwick, Me.]) and his fubordinates is this: "Many

Landed our men by daylight, about crofs things falling out to fruftrate the

250 : marched round in the woods : defigne, too long here to relate : but

fome upon the eaftward of Pechep- from Major Pike your honors will hear

fcutt" Letter [/did. p. g^.^ more at large." [/*«"</. p. 97.]

in "When we got upon the Plaine ^^^ The letter fays : —

we parted into 3 companies : found none "As god would have it one of our

of the enemie ; but we found the plun- veffells run aground, which we did not

[74]

Brakit^^^ having been advis'd and dire6ted by the Indian
that made his efcape from our Forces, came down near
where the aforefaid Veflel lay a-ground, and got aboard;
who has proved a good Pilot and Captain for his Country.
The next day it being very cahn and mifly, fo that they were
all day getting down from Maquait to Perpodack ; and the
Mailers of the Veffels thinking it not fafe putting out in
the Night, fo late in the Year,^^' Anchor'd there at Per-
podack'^ the Veffels being much crouded, the Major or-
dered three Companies fhould go on fhore, and no more,
himfelfwith Capt. Converfe^^~yNQ.viX.W\\}i\ them to order their
lodging, and finding juft Houfing convenient for them,
viz. Two Barns and one Houfe ; fo feeing them all fettled
and their Watches out, the Major and Capt. Converfe re-
turn'd to go aboard, and coming near where the Boat was,

underftand (being in the night) and land] in the evening, being the io"*

haueing left her we foon mifther, Capt. inftant." {^Lcttcr, p. 94.]

Alden concluding fhe had run aground. ^'^^ yames Couverjc was Ton ofjames

And before Ihe came clear, there efcaped of Woburn, who was fon of Edward,

one Anthony Brackett of Cafco, who who, with wife Sarah, came in the fleet

was informed by the lad that efcaped with Winthrop, 1630; he was of Woburn,

from Amofcoggin aforefaid, of our freeman, 1671, rep. 1679, 1684-6, 1689,

army: he [Bracket] made his efcape, 1692, and Speaker in 1699, 1703-3. He

got into our track, and came to Mac- married i Jan., 1669, Hannah Carter;

quait, hollowed to the veflell, that heard had James, John, Elizabeth, Robert,

him, and gladly took him on board." Hannah, Joiiah, Jofiah, Patience, and

[^Ibt'd, p. 93.] ' Ebenezer. He was diftinguifhed as a

120 Anthony Brackett, yc. (eldeft fon of Captain and Major in the Indian wars,
Anthony, note 39, ante), was afterwards and was mixed up with an ecclefiaftical
ferviceable as Lieut, and Capt. He difficulty juft before his death. [Sav-
finally fettled in Bofton. [Willis's////?. age's Gen. Did. i : 444; Mather's il/a^-
Portland, 2<^.'\ ««//«, vii : Appendix, 16; Hutchinfon's

121 "Came there [to Cafco, or Pur- Hiji. Mafs. ii : 67, 72; Hiji. and Gen.
pooduck, oppofite to what is now Port- Reg. xiii : 31.]

[74]

it was pretty dark, they difcovered fome Men, but did not
know what or who they were; the Major ordered thofe
that were with him all to clap down and cuck their Guns,
and he call'd and ask'd them, Who they were ? and they
faid, Indians : he ask'd them, Whofe Men they were ?
they faid Capt. Sout/izuori/i's: he ask'd them where they
intended to lodge? They faid in thofe little Hutts that the
Enemy had made when they took that Garrifon. The
Major told them they mult not make any fires; for if they
did the Enemy would be upon them before day. They
laugh'd, and faid. Our Major was afraid. Having given
them their directions, he with Capt. Converfe went on
board the Mary Sloop ; defigning to Write home, and
fend away in the Morning the two Sloops which had the
Small Pox on board, &€. But before day our Indians
began to make fires and to Sing and Dance; fo the Major
call'd to Capt. Southworth to go a-fhore & look after his
Men, for the Enemy would be upon them by'nd by. He
order'd the Boat to be hall'd up to carry him a-fhore, and
call'd Capt. Converfe to go with him, and juft as the day
began to appear, as the Major was getting into the Boat to
go a-fhore, the Enemy fired upon our Men the Indians^
notwithfianding that one Philip an Indian of ours, who
was out upon the Watch, heard a man cough, and the
flicks crack; who gave the reft an account, that he faw
Indians \ which they would not believe; but faid to him,
You are afraid : his anfwer was, that they might fee them

[75]

come crccpping: they laugh'd and faid, they were Hogs:
Ay, (faid he) and they [75] will bite you by'nd by. So
prefcntly they did fire upon our Men; but the Morning
being mifty their Guns did not go off quick, fo that our
Men had all time to fall down before their Guns went off,
and faved themfelves from that Volley, except one man,
who was kill'd. This fudden firing upon our Indian Soul-
diers furprized them that they left their Arms, but foon
recover'd them again, and got down the bank which was
but low: the Major with all the Forces on board landed
as fall as they could; the Enemy firing fmartly at them;
however all got fafe a-fhore. The Enemy had a great
advantage of our Forces, who were between the Sun rif-
ing & the Enemy, fo that if a man put up his head or hand
they could fee it, and would fire at it: However fome
with the Mnjor got up the bank behind ftumps and rocks,
to have the advantage of firing at the Enemy; but when
the Sun was rifen the Major llip'd down the bank again
where all the Forces were order'd to obferve his Motion,
viz. That he would give three fhouts and then all of them
fhould run with him ir,: the bank: fo when he had given
the third Ihout, ran up the bank, and Capt. Converfe with
him, but when the faid Converfe perceived that the Forces
did not follow as commanded, call'd to the Major and told
him the Forces did not follow; who notwithflanding the
Enemy fired fmartly at, yet got fafe down the bank again,
and Rallying the Forces up the bank, foon put the Enemy

[75]

to flight; '°^ and following them fo clofc, that they took 13
Canoo's,'2'and one Lulty Man,who had Jofcph Ram/dies,'-''
Scalp by his lide, who was taken by two of our Indians^
and having his deferts was himfelf Scalp'd. This being a
fliort and fmart fight, fome of our Men were kill'd, and
feveral wounded.'"" Some time after an EngliJJi Man who

l'^3 Church's account in his letter
varies a little : —

'* I landed the moft part ot" the men
and went on fliore and ordered them
where they ihculd lodge ; but the In-
dians in particular I ordered to fuch a
houl'e, or clfe to goe on board again;
but they, contrary to my order, took up
their lodge on the riuer by Papooducke
fide, where the enemie had lately ran-
deuouzed. All the reft of the coniandes
and companies were where I ordered
them to be. The enemie difcovered the
Indians fires, — came in the night and
dilcouered where the Companies lay,
and ambullied them at day-light : made
a fliot upon our Indians; it being the
2ist inftant, and the Sabbath day. Our
Englilh arofe ♦^o the fuccour of the In-
dians, friends; being all ready at break
of day, pr. my order, and drawing up
towards them, many were wounded and
flain : the enemie haveing great advan-
tage of ours ; for the light of the day,
and ftares refleciling upon the waters
gave them advantage to fee us, when as
we could not fee them att all, againft
the dark woods : efpecially we could not
fe to distinguilh between our Indians
and theirs. Whereupon I ordered to lie
ftill under the fea bancks till day-light:
I coming on Ihore the fecond boat, and

fee the difficulty: but the enemie fired
hard upon the vcflells and boats coming
on Ihore : and when the day was light
enough, I ordered the men to arife from
the banks, and run all upon them at
once; the which we did, and foon put
them to the flight, — followed them hard
thorrow a fwamp, firing brifkly. They
knowing where there cannoos were, got
their wounded men into them before we
came up, and moft of them put off.
Our men alfirmed but two that they
fee killed." \Lcttcr, p. 95.]

124 " We took 2 guns and many blank-
ets and gun-cafes, and 4 cannoos."
llbid. p. 96 ]

*-'•'' " A company of ibldiers from Lynn
were imprefTed by orderof the Governor,
and fent out againft the Indians in the
depth of winter. One of the foldiers
from Lynn, Mr. Jofeph Ramfdell, was
killed by them at Cafco Bay, in 1690."
[Lewis's Hijl. Lynn, 177 ; Newhall's
Annals of Lynn, 289.]

''^•i The letter gives a more particular
ftatement, as follows : —

"We went on board fent away two
velTells with the captiues and fick and
wounded men, and buried our dead,
which was 3 Englilh and 4 Indians.
The wounded were 17 Englilh and 7
Indians. Them that were flain were

[75]

was Prifoner amongfl them, gave an account that our
Forces had kilTd and wounded Icveral of the Enemy, for
the kiird leveral Prifoners according to their Cullom &c.
After this a6lion was over our Forces imbark'd {or Pifcata-
qua^ and the Major went to Wclls^^^'' and remov'd the Cap-
tain there, and put in Capt. Atidras,^'^^ who had been with
him and knew the Difcourfe left with the two old Squaws
at Amci'aS'Cogcn, for Hakins & Woriimbo to come there in
14 days, if they had a mind to hear of their Wives & Chil-
dren: Who did then or foon after come with i. Flag of
Truce to faid Wells Garrifon, and had leave to come in,
and more appearing came in, to the number of Eight,
(without any terms) being all Chief Sachems; and was
very glad to hear of the Women and Children, viz.
Hakins and Woruinbo\ Wives and Children; who all
faid three feveral times that they would never fight

chiefley Plimouth. The wounded of before. Then we returned and come
Capt. Counyerfe, 6; Capt. Floid, 3; to Portfmouth the 26th inftant, becaufe
Capt. Southworth, 4; Capt. Waltons, our doilitor was gon home with the
3; of Capt. AuiJrews, one, (fince that); wounded men, and our men were feu-
one Englilhman of Plimouth is dead of eral of them fick and lame, and wanted
his wounds, and an Indian: alfo an fhoofe and other recruits; or elfe we
Indian and Englilhman both of Pli- would have gon furder before we had
mouth dead of the fmall-rjA." {^Let- com home" [^Ibid. p. 96.]
ter, p. 96.] 128 Elijlia Andros {^Andreivs, An-
1-'' The letter particulariz >s : — dro-ws'\ was fon of James, (who was
"We embarked and can. e to Cape fon of Samuel, and was born probably
Neddicke, the ...ad day, and marched in Saco, 1635, and who married Sarah,
with about 200 men, (all we had fitt for dau. of Michael Mitton, and Margaret

fervice,) to Wells : Sent a fcout the next ,) and furvived his father, who

day to Salco and Winter Harbour, — removed to Bofton and died in 1704.

about 24 miles : made no difcoverie of [Savage's Gen. Di<Si. i : 53 ; Willis's

the enemie later than we were there Hiji. Portland, 289.]

[76]

againfl the E^ii^li/h any more, for the French made fools
of them, &c. They faying as they did, the faid Aiidras
let them go. Maj Church being come to Pifcataqua^^'*
and two of his tranfports having the Small Pox on board;
and feveral of his Men having got great Colds by their
hard Service, pretended they were going to have the Small
Pox, thinking by that means to be fent home fpeedily; the
Major being willing to try tnem, went to the Gentlemen
[76J there and delired them to provide an Iloufe, for fome
of his Men expe6ted they fhould have the Small Pox;
who readily did, and told him. That the People belonging
to it v^as juft; recover'd of the Small Pox, and had been all
at Meeting, &c. The Major returning to his Officers
order'd them to draw out all their men that were going to
have the Small Pox, for he had provided an Ilofpital for
them: So they drew out 17 Men, that had as they faid, all
the fymptoms of the Small Pox; he ordered them all to
follow him, and coming to the Houfe, he ask'd them. How
they liked it? they faid very well. Then he told them
that the People in faid Houfe have all had the Small Pox,
and was recovered; and that if they went in they muft
not come out till they all had it : Whereupon they all
prefently began to grow better, and to make excufes, ex-
cept one Man who defired to ftay out till Night before he
went in, &c. The Major going to the Gentlemen, told them,

•

129 The letter fixes the date of ar- 26th inftant." The letter bears date,
rival: — Sept. 30, 1690, which puts the arrival,

" And we returned to Portfmouth the Sept. 26. \_LeUer, p. 97.]
9 65

[76]

That one thing more would work a pcrfc6l cure upon his
Men, which was to let them go home: Which did work a
cure upon all, except one, and he had not the Small Pox.
So he ordered the Plunder fliould be divided forthwith, and
fent away all the Plymoitlh Forces. But the Gentlemen
there defired him to Hay and they would be allilting to
him in raifmg new Forces to the number of what was lent
.away ; and that they would fend to B0JI071 for Provifions :
which they did, and fent Capt. Plaijlcd^'^^ to the Governour
and Council at Bojlon^ &c. And in the mean time the
Major with thofe Gentlemen went into all thofe Parts and
raifed a fufficient number of Men, both Officers & Soul-
diers; who all met at the bank''" on the fame day that Capt.
P/ai/Zc'd rcturnW from Bojlon\ whofc return from Bojion
Gentlemen was. That the Canada Expedition had dreen'd
them fo that they could do no more: So that Maj. CJnircli
notwithllanding he had been at confiderable Expences
in railing faid Forces to Serve his King and Country was
oblig'd to give them a Treat and difmifs them: Taking
his leave of them came home to BoJlon in the Mary Sloop
yix.Alden^'^^ Mafter, and Capt. Converfe vi\\k\ him, of a Sat-

130 Capt. Ichabod Plaifted, of Kit-
tery, 1674? \_IIiJl' & Gen. Reg. xv :
272.]

131 Strawberry Bank, i.e. Portl'mouth.
" Whereas the name of this plantation
att prtient being Straberry Banke, ac-
cidentally foe called, by reaibn of a
banke where ftraberries xvas found in
this place, now we humbly defire to
have it called Portfmouth, being a name

moft fuitable for this place, it being the
river's mouth, and good as any in this
land, and your petit'rs Ihall humbly
pray." [Petition to General Court for
change of name. Brewfter's Rambles
about Po:- (/mouth, p. 23.]

13'^ Ca^t. John Alden, eldeft fon of
Pilgrim John, was born in 1622 ; re-
moved to Bofton as early as December,
1659; was well known as a naval com-

[77]

urday; and waiting upon the Govcrnour, and Ibme of the
Gentlemen in Bojhm^ they look'd very llrange upon them,
which not only troubled them but put them into Ibme
condernation what the matter fhould be, that after lb much
toyl & hard Service could noL have lb much as one plea-
lant word, nor no Money in their Pockets; for Maj
Church had but Eij^hi Pence left, and Capt. Converfe none,
as he faid afterwards. Maj. Church fcLin^^ two Gentlemen
which he knew had Monc}', ask'd them to lend him Forty
Shillings^ telling them his neccHity: Yet they refufed.
So being bare of Money was oblig''d to lodge at Mr. Al-
dens three Nights; '^^ and the next Tuefday Morning Capt.
Converfe came to him (not knowing each others circum-
ftances as yet) and faid he would walk with him out of
Town; fo coming near Pollards at the South End, they
had fome Difcourfe ; that it was very hard that they Ihould
part with dry lips: Maj. Church told Capt. Converfe that
he had [77] but Eight Pence loft, and could not borrow
any Money to carry him home. And the faid Converfe
faid, that he had not a Peny left; fo they were oblig'd to
part without going in to PvllardSy &c. The faid Capt.

mander; was in danger in the witch- upwards of £2cxx>. [Drake's Hi/l.

crvkii deXuHon [yfinioT {Hifi. Dtixbtir), Bojion, i: 499; Drake's Witchcraft

215) wrongly fays it was his fon John; Delujton in Nevj England, iii : 26;

but the documents call him "John Al- Alden's American Epitaphs, iii: -66.]

din, Senior, of Bofton, Marriner,"] in ^'■^'^ Capt. Alden lived on an alley

1692, and was committed to jail, but leading from Cambridge to Sudbury

ran away, and was ultimately cleared, Streets, from him called Alden's Lane,

in 1693, "by proclamation, none ap- and, fince 1846, Atden Street; now the

pearing againll him." He died in headquarters of lefs ufeful perfons.

Bofton, 14 March, 1702, eet. 82, leaving [Drake's Ui^. Bojion^ i : 500.]

[77]

Convcrfc returned back into Town, .and the faid Church
went over to Roxbnry\ and at the Tavern he met with
Stephen Braton^'^^ of Rhode-IJlamU a Drover; who was
ghul to lee him the laid Churchy and he as ^^lad to lee his
Nei^dihoiir: wliereupon Maj. Church call'd lor an Eighl-
Pcjiy Tankard of drink, and let the faid Braton know his
circumftances, ask'd him whether he would lend \)\n\ Forty
Shilliugs? He anfwcred. Yes: Forty Pounds, if he wanted
it. So he thank'd him, and faid, he would have but Forty
Shillings', which he freely lent him: and prefently after
Major Church was told that his Brother Caleb Church '^"'' of
Watcrtown was coming with a fpare Ilorfe for him, hav-
ing heard the Night before that his Brother was come
in; by which means the faid Maj. Church got home.
And for all his travel & expences in railing Souldiers, and
Service done, never had but 14/. of Plymouth Gentlemen,
& not a Peny of Bojlon'. notwithftanding he had wore out
all his Clothes, and run himfelf in debt, fo that he was
oblig'd to Sell half a-lhare of Land in Tiverton for about

1'* Stephen Brayton was fon of Fran-
cis, of Portfmouth, R.-I. ; freeman,
1678 ; on the grand jury, 1687 ; married,
8 March, 1679, Ann, dau. of Peter Tol-
man, of Newport, and had Mary, Eliz-
abeth, Ann, Preferved, and Stephen.
[Savage's Gen. Didl. i: 240; R.-I. Col.
liec. iii : 4, 233.]

13* Caleb Church appears to have been
the fixth child of Richard — being the
youngeft fon of at leaft nine children,
as Benjamin was the oldeft; admitted
freeman 4 March, 1689- 1690; kept a

tavern from 1686 to 1711 [fee Drake's
Book of the Indians, p. 263] ; lived firft
in Dedham, and afterwards in Water-
town ; Reprefentative, 1713; married,
16 Dec, 1667, Joanna, dau. of William
Sprague, of Hingham ; had eight chil-
dren, viz.: Richard, Ruth, Lydia, Caleb,
Jofliua, Ifaac, and Rebecca. The laft
two were twins ; and, after giving them
birth, their mother died, 11 July, 1678.
[Bond's Htyi. Waterto-wn, 158; N. E.
Hijl. & Gen. Reg. xi : 154; Part I. of
this edition, p. xxx.]

[77]

6o /. which is now worth 300 /. more and above than what
he hacl.'^«

Having not been at home lon<T before he found out the
rcafon why Bojloji Gentlemen look'd fo difatTc6ted on him;
as you may fee by the fequel of two I^etters Maj. Church
fent to the Gentlemen in the Eallward parts: which are
as followeth.

Bri/loly Novemb. 27. 1690.
Worthy Gentlemen^

* A Ccording to liiy promife when with you laft, I waited
-^ ^ ' upon the Governour at BoJlo7t upon the Saturday

* Capt. Cojtvcr/e being with me. The Governour informed

* us that the Council was to meet on the Monday follow-

* ing in the afternoon, at which time we both there waited

* upon them, and gave them an account of the State of

* your Country, and great necelTities. They informed us,

* that their General Court was to Convene on the Wednef-

* day following: at which time they would debate & con-
' fider of the matter; my felf being bound home, Capt.

* Converfe was ordered to wait upon them, and bring you

* their refolves. I then took notice of the Council that

138 Tt is my in prcflion, that the good — buying £170 worth within a year of

Col. Church goi; a little mixed in his this date — fcarcely favors the idea of

recoUedlions of thefe events, when, in pecuniary diftrefs. He did iell, how-

his old age, he didlated this narrative. ever, in June, 1691, to Nathaniel By-

The County Records contain no trace, field, £50 worth of land (43 acres)

which I have been able to difcover, of on Pofpa/quajh neck, in Briftol. He

any fuch fale of half a fhare of land in owned, at this time, largely in Tiver-

Tiverton by him at this time, or for ton, and in what is now the city of Fall

years afterward; while the fadl that he River. [See Part I., Introdtuflory Me-

was almoll conftantly purchaiing land tnoir, pp. xxix., xxx.]

[78]

* they look'd upon me with an ill afpe6t, not judging me
' worthy to receive thanks for the Service I had done in

* your parts ; nor as much as ask me whether I wanted

* Money to bare my Expence, or a Horfe to carry me

* home. But I was forc'd for want of Money (being far
' from friends) to go to Roxbury on foot; but meeting there
' with a Rhode- IJland Gentleman, acquainted him of my

* wants, who tendered me Ten Pounds,^^'' whereby I was
^ accommodated for my Journey home : And being come

* home, I went to the Minifter of our Town,^^® and gave him
' an account of the tranfaftions of the great affairs I had

* been imploy'd in, and of the great [78] fav^our God was

* pleafed to fhew me, and my Company, and the benefit I

^31 He doubtlefs refers to Mr. Bray-
ton [note 134, anie'\, but he ftates the
amount of the loan differently from his
former account of it.

1*8 Samuel Lee was born in London,
1625; the fon of Samuel, who was a
merchant of large eftate ; took M. A. at
Oxford, 1640; had a Wadham fellow-
ftiip, and, in 1656, was Prodlor, and
Ledlurer at Great St. Helen's, London ;
in 1677 was affociated with Theophilus
Gale, in Holborn ; in 1679 was fettled
at Bignal, near Bicefter, in Oxfordftiire ;
was afterwards at Newington Green,
near London ; in the fummer of 1686,
he landed here; went foon to Briftol,
R.-I., and became paftor of the church
at its organization, 8 May, 1687; ^^
1691, moved by the hope of better times
under William and Mary in England
than he had left there, and greatly
to the regret of his people and of the

miniftry and churches who knew him
here, he failed for England on the Dol-
phin ; was captured by a French priva-
teer and carried into St. Malo, v/here
he died of prifon fever, leaving a wife
and daughter, and was buried outfide
the walls as a heretic. Cotton Mather
faid of him, " It muft be granted that
hardly ever a more univerfally learned
perfon trod the American ftrand." He
left a dozen or more volumes of printed
works. While in Briftol, he lived on
the eaft fide of Thames St. (which was
then the fhore of the harbor), a ftiort
diftance north of the " Old Walley
houfe." His houfe was afterwards the
refidence of Jeremiah Finney, and of
his fon Jofiah. [Sprague's Annals, i :
209; F&\m°:r'sCa.\dLmy'fiNoncon/ormiJi's
Memorial, i : 95 ; Wood's Ath. Oxon. ii :
882, 883 ; Shepard's Difcourfes at Brif-
tol, R.-I., pp. II, 50.]

[ 78 ]

hoped would accrue to your felves; and defired him to
Return Publick Thanks: but at the fame interim ot time
a Paper was prefented unto him from a Court of Ply-
mouthy which was holded before I came home,^^° to Com-
mand a day of Humiliation thro' the whole Government,
becaufe of the frowns of God upon thofe Forces fent
under my Command, and the ill fuccefs we had, for want
of good condu6t. All which was caufed by thofe falfe
Reports which were polled home by thofe ill affe6ted
Officers that were under my Condu6l; efpecially one
which your felves very well know,^^° who had the advan-
tage of being at home a Week before me, being fick of
Aftion, and wanting the advantage to be at the Bank,*^^
which he ever}'^ day was mindful of more than fighting the
Enemy in their own Country. After I came home, being
inform'd of a General Court at Plymouth^^'^ and not forget-
ting my faithful Promife to you, and the duty I lay under,
I went thither, where waiting upon them, I gave them an
account of my Eaftward tranfadtions, and made them
fenlible of the falfenefs of thofe reports that were polled
to them by ill hands, and found fome fmall favourable
acceptance with them, fo far that I was credited. I pre-
fented your Thanks to them for their feafonable fending

139 I find no record of this court, or referred to [p. 59] as having *' faid "t

of any fuch appointment of a day of was time to go home ; " but I have not

humiliation, "A publique day of hu- been able to identify him.

miliation and faft " was appointed at ^^^ Straxvberry Bank.

the December court, to be held on the !'*'•* Held 4 Nov., 1690. See record of

" fecond Wednefday of January next." fome things done then on the next page

"0 Doubtlefs the "Captain" before (note 143). {_Plym. Col. Rec. vl : 252.]

[78]'

thofe Forces to relieve you, with that expence and
charge they had been at; which Thanks they gratcfull;-
received; and faid a few Lines from your felves would
have been well accepted. I then gave them an account
of your great necelfities by being imprifoned in your
Garrifons, and the great mifchief that would attend the
Publick concerns of this Country by the lofs of their
Majefty's Intereft, and fo much good Eftate of yours &
your Neighbours, as doubtlefs would be on the deferting
of your Town. I then moved for a free Contribution for
your relief, which they with great forwardnefs promoted;
and then ordered a day of Thankfgiving thro' the Govern-
ment upon the 26th. day of this Inftant. Upon which
day a Colle6tion was ordered for your relief (and the
Places near Adjacent) in every refpe6tive Town in this
Government; and for the good management of it that it
might be fafely convey'd unto your hands, they appointed
a Man in each County for the reception & conveyance
thereof ^^^ The perfons nominated and accepted thereof,
are : For the County of Plymouth^ Capt. Nathanael Thomas
of Mar/kfield : "'' For the County of Barnjlable, Capt.

1*3 The record i- as follows : — be kept and obferved as a publick day

•' Cap! Nath'l Thomas apointed in y® of thankfgiving throughout y* colony."

county of Plimouth to receive & take \^Plym. Col. Rec. vi : 255.]

care for conveyance of the contribution l*^ Nathaniel Thomas was fon of Na-

propofed for the relief of y* town of thaniel of Marfhfield ; was born 1643 ;

Wells & parts adjacent. married, 19 Jan., 1664, Deborah, dau.

" Cap* Jofeph Lothrop, y* like for y* of Nicholas Jacobs, of Hingham ; had

countyofBarnftable,& Major Benjamin Nathaniel, Jofeph, Deborah, Dorothy,

Church for y« county of Briftol. William, Eliflia, Jofliua, Caleb, Ifaac,

" The Court apoint the 26'.'' inftant to and Mary; 3 Nov., 1696, he married

[79]

* Jofeph Lathrop of Barnjlable', "'^ And for the County of

* Brijlol^ my felf. Which when gathered you will have a

* particular account from each perfon, with orders of advice

* how it may be difpofed of for your beft advantage, with a

* Copy of the Courts order. The Gentlemen the effe6ts

* are to be fent to are your felves that I now Write to, vis,
'John Wheelwright Efq;^^« Capt. John Litilefield,'''' and

* Lieut. Jofeph Siory}^^ I defer'd writing expecting every
^ day to hear from you concerning the Indians coming to

* treat about their Prifoners that we [79] had taken. The

* difcourfe I made with them at Ameras-cogen^ I knew

* would have that Effeft as to bring them to a treaty, which

* I fhould have thought my felf happy to have been im-

* proved in, knowing that it would have made much for

* your good. But no intelligence coming to me from any

Elizabeth, widow of Captain William Plym. Col. Rec. vi : lO, 67, 85, 106, 128,

Condy; he was Reprefentative 1672, 169, 240, 251. j

and feven years more, and alfo at Bof- 1*'' John Wheelwright was probably

ton under the new charter; ferved in fon of Samuel, of Wells; was Colonel

Philip's War; died 22 OcSl., 1718. [Sav- and Deputy, and "a gentleman of a

age's Gen. Di^. iv : 281 ; Thomas's charadter above fufpicion " ; died 1745.

Memorials of Marjhficld, p. 54.] Little feems to be known of him that

1*' Jofeph Lothrop was third fon of can be accurately ftated. [Savage's

Re 7. John, of Barnftable ; born in Eng- Ge«. Did. iv : 503 ; Allen's Biog. Didl.

land; married 11 Dec, 1650, Mary p. 846.]

Anfell; licenfed to keep an ordinary, 1*'' Johti Littlefield was fon of Ed-

1653 ; ranked as Lieut., 1670 ; was mund, of Exeter and Wells ; was at

Deputy from, and Seledlman at, Barn- Wells, 1656; Conftable, 1661 ; Lieut.,

liable for various years, and was of the 1668 ; had a dau. Mary, who married

Council of War; had Jofeph, Mary, Matthew Auftin. [Savage's Gen. Did.

Benjamin, Elizabeth, John, Samuel, iii : 100.]

John, Barnabas, Hope, Thomas, and 1*8 Was he fon of William, of Dover,

Hannah. [Savage's Gen. Did. iii : 120; 1637-1658? {N. B. Hifi. <& Gen. Reg.

Freeman's Hi^. Cape Cod, ii : 262, 271 ; viii : 130.]
10 73

[79]

* Gentlemen in your parts, and hearing nothing but by

* accident, and that in the latter end of the week by fome

* of ours coming {rom. Bq/lon, informed me that the Indians
^ were come in to your Town to feek for Peace; and that

* there was to be a treaty fpeedily;^"*^ but the time they

* knew not. I took my Horfe, and upon the Monday fet out

* for Bojlon^ expecting the treaty had been at your Town,

* as rationally it fhould but on Tuefday Night coming to

* Bofton, there met with Capt. EliJJta Andros^'"^ who in-

* formed me that the Place of treaty was Sacaty-hock}^^ and

* that Capt Alden was gone from Bojlon four days before I

* came there, and had carryed all the Indian Prifoners

* with him, and that all the Forces were drawn away out

* of your parts, except 1 2 men in your Town, and 1 2 in

* Pi/cataqua, which news did fo amufe me, to fee that wif-

* dom was fo taken from the wife, and fuch imprudence in

* their a6tions, as to be deluded by Indians ; and to have a

* treaty fo far from any Englijh Town, and to draw off the

* Forces upon what pretence foever, to me looks very ill.

* My fear is that they will deliver thofe we have taken,

* which if kept would have been greatly for your Security,

* it keeping them in awe, and preventing them from doing

* any hoflile a6tion or mifchief, I knowing that the Englijh

* being a broad are very earneft to go home, and the In-

* dians are very tedious in their difcourfes, and by that

* will have an advantage to have their Captives at a very

W9 See Williamfon's Hift. Me. i : 626. i" Sagadahoc, the fite of Popham's

180 See note 128, ante. convid-colony, of 1607.

L79]

low rate to your great damage. Gentlemen, as to Rhode-
IJland, I have not conccrn'd my felf as to any relief for
you, having nothing in writing to Ihow to them, yet upon
difcourfe with fomc Gentlemen there, they have lignified
a great forwardnefs to promote fuch a thing. I lying
under great reflections from fome of yours in the Eafl-
ward parts, that I was a very Covetous Perfon, and came
there to enrich my felf, and that I kill'd their Cattel and
Barrel'd them up and fent them to Bqfton, arid Sold them
for Plunder, and made Money to put into my own Pocket;
and the owners of them being poor People beg'd for the
Hides and Tallow, with tears in their eyes; and that I
was fo cruel as to deny them; which makes me judge
my felf uncapable to Serve you in that matter: yet I do
allure you that the People are very charitable at the If-
land, and forward in fuch good a6lions, and therefore advife
you to defire fome good fubftantial Perfon to take the man-
agement of it, and write to the Government there, which I
know will not be labour lofl.^^^ As for what I am accufed
of, you all can witnefs to the contrary, and I fhould take it
very kindly from you to do me that jufl; right, as ;o vindi-
cate my Reputation ; for the wife man fays, A good Name
is as precious Oyntment. When I hear of the effect of the

152 Williamfon fays Church " mag- others, encouraging their expedations

nanimoufly colle<5led a confiderable con- of (till further relief." \_HiJi. Me. i:

tribution in Plymouth Colony, which he 626.] If his authority is this letter of

tranfmitted to the Eaftern Provinces, Church, — and I know of no other on

accompanied by an addrefs to Major which he could have relied, — he over-

Froft, John Wheelwright, Efq., and ftates the fa6ls.

[8o]

* Treaty, and have an account [80] of this Contribution, I

* intend again to Write to you, being very defirous, &

* fhould think my felf very happy, to be favoured with a

* few lines from your felves, or any Gentlemen in the Eafl-

* ward parts. Thus leaving you to the prote6lion & gui-

* dance of the Great God of Heaven and Earth, who is able

* to prote6t and fupply you in your great difficulties, and to

* give you deliverance in His own due time.

I Remain^ Gentlemen^
Your mojl affured Friend to Serve you to my utmojl power,

Benjamin Church.

Pojlfcript.

* Efq; Wheelivright, Sir, I intreat you, after your perufal

* of thefe lines, to communicate the fame to Capt. John

* Littlejield, Lieut, yofeph Story ; and to any other Gentle-

* men, as in your judgment you fee fit: With the tenders of
*■ my refpe6ts to you, &c. and to Maj. Vaughan^^ and his
'good Lady & Family. To Capt. Fryer^^'^ & good Mrs.
< Fryer, with hearty thanks for their kindnefs whilft in thofe

* parts, and good Entertainment from them. My kind Re-

153 William Vaughan was born prob- gail, and Elizabeth. [Savage's Gen»

ably in Wales; lived in Portfmouth; Di<fl. iv : 368.]

freeman, 1669; 1672 was Lieut, of cav- ^^ Nathaniel Fryer was of Bofton,

airy under Capt. Robert Pike; Coun- where he had, by wife Chriftian, James,

fellor of Province of N. H. and Chief- Sarah, and Elizabeth; removed to Portf-

Juftice of Sup. Court; died 1719. He mouth; married, as fecond wife, Doro-

married 8 Dec, 1668, Margaret, dau. thy Woodbridge; Deputy, i666; Cap-

of Richard Cutt ; had Eleanor, Mary, tain and Counfellor, 1683 ; died 13 Aug.,

Cutt, George, Bridget, Margaret, Abi- 1705. [Ibid, ii : 214.]

[8o]

* fpeas to Maj. /V^/-'" Capt. Walton^'"^ Lieut. Honeywell''''
' and my very good friend little Lieut. Plaijlcd'.^'^ with due

* refpe6ts to all Gentlemen my friends in the Eaflward

* parts, as if particularly named. Farenvell. B. C.

Brijlol^ Novemb. 27. 1690.
To Major Pike.'^'' Honotired Sir^
'' I ^Hcfe come to wait upon you^ to bri7ig the tenders of my
-^ hearty Service to yonr Self & Lady, with due ac-
knowledgment of thankful7iefs for all the kindnefs and
favour I received from you i^i the Eaflward parts, when
with you. Since I came from thofe parts, I am informed
by Capt, Andros, that your Self, and mofl of all the Forces
are drawn off from the Erfiward parts', I admire at it,
confidering that they had fo low Eflecm of what was done,
that they can apprehend the Eaflward parts fo fafe before
the Enemy was brought into better Subjedlion. I was in

I'''* Charles Froft, born in Tiverton, charge of the Bkie Point, Black Point,

Eng., 1632; came over with his father and Spurwink garrifons, in the winter

Nicholas about 1637 ; Deputy, 1658-61 ; of 1689 [fee note 61, ante^ ; earned the

Counfellor, 1693; Captain and Major, yc>wif/V«t'/ of " the Indian killer"; and

commanding the Yorkfhire militia; was was himfelf murdered by the favages.

Judge of the Common Pleas when he with circumftances of great atrocity,

was (hot by the Indians, 14 July, 1697, 6 0(5l., 1703 [Savage fays 1703, South-

ast.6$. [Savage's Gen. Di6i. ii : 210; gate's Hijl. Scarborough fays 1713].

Williamlbn's Hiji. Me. i: 674; N. E. He married Sarah, dau. of Nathaniel

Hijl. (& Gen. Reg. iii : 249-262.] Adams (fee note 11^, anie). [Savage's

^^ See note 97, anie. Gen. Z>/V?. ii : 499; Folfom's 7//^?. Saco,

'^^'^ Richard Hunnhvell was fon of p. 182; N. E. Hi/i. d Gen. Reg.ni: 25;

Roger, who lived on Parker's neck. Me. HiJi. Coll, iii : 144-48.]

near the entrance to the Pool, Saco; ^^ See note 130, ante.

was of Black Point, 1681 ; Enfign, 1680; l*** See note 90, ante.
Lieut., 1689; was put by Church 'n

[8i]

hopes when I came from thence^ that thofe that were fo
dejiroits to have my room^ wo7ild have been very brisk in
my abfcnce to have got them/elves fome Ho7ionr, luhich they
very much gapped after ^ or elfe they would not have fpread
fo many fa If e reports to defame me. Which had I known
before, I left the Bank, I would have had fatisfaflion of
them. Your Honour was pleafcd to give me fome fmall
account before I left the Bank, of fome things that were ill
refented to you, concerning that Eaflward Expedition, which
being rowled home like a Snow-ball thro* both Colonies, was
got to fuch a bignefs that it over-fliadow'' d me from the
Influence of all comfort, or good acceptance amongfl my
friends in my fourney homeward. Biit thro' Gods good-
nefs am come home finding all well, and my fclf in good
Health, hoping that thofe Reports will do me that favotir,
to quit me from all other Pub lick AHion : That fo I may
the more peaceably & quietly wait tipon God, and be a com-
fort unto my own Family in this dark time of trouble, being
as on that is ^^^ hid, till His Indignation is over pafi : I
fJiall take it as a great favour to hear of your Honours well-
fare. Subfcribing my f elf as I am. Sir,
Your mofl affured Friend and Servant.

Benjamin Church. [8i]

Major Church did receive after this, Anfwers to his Let-
ters, but hath loft them, except it be a Letter from feveral
of the Gentlemen in thofe parts in June following: which
is as followeth.

i«» Southwick's edition omits " that is."
78

[8i]

Portfmouth June 29 1691.

Major Benj. C/mrc/i. Sir,

'\7' Our former rcadinefs to cxpofe yo2ir fclf in the Service
■*• of tlu Country agai^ifl the Common Enemy \ and par-
ticularly the late Obligations "" you have laid npo?: us in
thefe Eajlern parts, leaves 7is under a deep & grateful fenfe
of your favotir therein'. And forafmuch as you xvcre plea fed
when lail here, to fignifie your ready inclination to further
Service of this kind, if occafionflwuld call for it; We there-
fore prefume co7ifidently to promife our felves complyance
accordingly, and havefent this Meffenger on purpofe to you,
to let you know that notwithflanding the late overture of
Peace the Enemy have approved themfelves as perfidious as
ever, and are almofl daily killi^ig and deflroying upon all
our Frontiers', The Governour & Cotmcil of the Maflachu-
fetts have been p leafed to Order the Raifing of 1^0 Men to
be forthwith difpatcJCd into thefe parts', and as we under-
fiand have Writ to your Governour & Council of Plymouth
for further Affiflance, which we pray you to promote, hoping
if you can obtain about 200 Men Englifh & Indians, to vifit
them at fome of their Head-quarters up Kenebeck River,
or elfe-where, which {for want of ncceffaries^ zuas omitted
lafl Year, it may be of great advantage to us: We offer
nothing of advice as to what Methods are mofl proper to be
taken in this affair, your acquaintance with our Circzim-

161 This perhaps refers to the contri- them, from the committee of which
butions, which had before this reached Church was a member.

[8.]

Jlanccs as ivcll as the Enemies^ will cllrcn yon therein^ Wc
leave the Condnf? thereof to your oiun difcrction : Ihtt that
the want of Provifion., &c. may be no Rcmora to your Mo"
tion, you may pleafe to know Mr. GcafFord "'■' One of our

principal Inhabitants noiv reftdi7i(; in Bodon, hath promifed
to take care to fipply to the value of two or three hundred
Pounds, if occafion require: We pray a few lines by the
bearer to f^ive us a profpefl of what we may expefl for our

further Encouragement, and remain,

Sir, Your Obliged Friends and Servants,

Will. Vaughan Charles Froft William Fernald >««

Francis Hooke ^^ Nathanael Fryer Robert Elliott. '"
Richard Martyn '«^ John Wincol '«^

A True Copy of the Origifial Letter \ which Letter was
prcfented to me by Capt. Hatch,'''® who came Exprefs.

18'^ I find no trace of this man, un- a bricklayer, admitted to inhabit at
lefs he were William Giflbrd, who was Bofton 28 Feb., 1654. [Drake's Ilijl.

163 Francis Hooke was fon of Hum- Eng. ; lived at Klttery, Me.; was Mag-
phrey. Alderman of the city of Brillol, iftrate, 1666 ; Captain ; Treafurer of

164 Richard Martin {Martins) was at feer " of John Cutt's will, 6 May, 1680;
Portfmouth, N.ll.; was made "over- had the firft place in "the front feat

iw yohn Wincol ( Wincoln, Wincall, of Watertown ; freeman there 6 May,
Win/iell, Winkle) was fon of Thomas, 1646; fele«5lman, 1649, 56,61,62; Depu-

166 William Fernald v/vi^eXAt^ ion oi fometimes wrote it, Renald), who was
Reginald (or, as he himfelf, at least, the firft furgeon among the New-Hamp-

^^"^ Robert Eliot {Eliott, Elliot, mouth, 1660; of Cafco, before 1670; of
Elliott) feems to have been of Portf- Scarborough foon after, where he was

168 Philip Hatch, who was freeman, 1652, York, Me., or one of his fons?
[Savage's Gen. Did, ii: 375.]

[8.]

Maj. Church fent them his Anfwer: the Contents where-
of was, That he had jjjonc often enou<i^h for nothin«i;; and
efpccially to be ill treated with fcandals and falfo Reports,
when lad out, which he could not forget. And fignifyed
to them, That doubtlefs fome amongll them th -ught they
could do without him, &c. And to make Ihort of it, did
go out, and meeting with the Enemy .it Maquait^ were
moft (hamefully beaten: as I have been inform'd.'

1(!9

BoJIon, i : 334.] There was time enough
for him *o grow to be a "principal in-

Province of Maine under Pres. Dan-
forth, 1680; of the Council, 1684, and
again, under the new charter, 1693;
died 10 Jan., 1695, "much lamented."

before the minifter" in "feating the
mecting-houfe " (he being chairman of
the committee to do that work), 3 April,
1693. Was he Richard, whofc fon

ty, 1658; foon moved to Pifcataqua, and
then to Kittery (at Ncivichaxvaunock,
or So. Berwick) ; came thence Deputy
to Bofton, 1675, 7, 8; during 1676-85
was conned^ed with the government as
Councillor and otherwife ; fought the

fliire fettlers. He refided at Kittery;
and, in 1688, deeded to his fifter Sarah,
then the wife of Richard Waterhoufe,

Seledman, 1682, and Deputy, 1685 ;
Counfellor, 1688, when he lived at
Portfmouth. He died in 1720, leaving
his eftates in Scarborough to his fon-in-

habitant" by 1690, as many another
had done in lefs time.

He married Mary (Maverick), widow
of John Palfgrave, and dau. of Samuel
Maverick, of Noddle's Illand. [Savage's
a en. Did. ii : 457. j

Richard, Coffin fays, was born 8 Jan.,
1674? [Brewfter's If ambles about Portf-
moul/i, 36, 63; Coffin's ////?. Neivbury,
309O

Indians bravely at Saco, in 1675; had
wife Elizab(.'th ; and died, by a fall from
his horfe, 22 0»5l., 1694. [Savage's Gen.
Did. iv : 592 ; Bond's Iliji. IVatcrtovjti,
654 ; Williamfon's Ili/l. Ale. i : 349, 524,
56s. 566.]

of Portfmouth, tanner, what is now
Pierce's Illand, and One Tree Ifland.
[Brewfter's Rambles, d:c. 370.]

law, Col. Geo. Vaughan. [Savage's
Gen. Did. ii : iii ; Willis's Hijl. Port-
land, 139 ; Brewfter's Rambles, dec. 25 ;
Me. Hiji. Coll. iii: 210.]

169 Cotton Mather makes the follow- " About the latter end of yuly we fent

ing ilatement in regard to this expedi- out a fmall Army under the Command
tion here referred to : — of Captain March, Captain King, Cap-

11 ' 81

[82]

[82] The Third Expedition, Eoft.

Tills was in the Year 1692. In the time of Sir Wil-
liam JVii/>'ii^''^ Government: Major Walley^''^ bein^ at

tnin Sherburn, and Captuin W'ultvn
(CoMVcrs lying SieJte all Suinmor 'lad
this to make him yet more Sic/t tiiat
he coulil have no part in thele Ai'tions)
who landing; at Mucijiioit, marched up
to Pechypfiot, but not finding nny
figns of the enemy, marclnul doxvn
again. While the Commandm were
waiting Ajhore till the Soldiers were got
aboard, fuch great Numbers of Indians
poured in upon them, that tho' the Com-
manders wanted not for Courage or
Condu«3t, yet they found themfelves
obliged, with much ado, (and not with-
out the Death of worthy Captain S/ier-
burn) to retire into the VeflTels which
then lay aground. Here they kept pelt-
ing at one another all Night; but unto
little other purpofe than this, which was
indeed Remarkable, That the Enemy
was at this time going to take the Iflc
of Shoalcs, and no doubt had they gone
they would have taken it, but having
exhaufled all their Ammunition on this
Occafion, they defifted from what they
defigned." [Magnalia, Book VII : 77.]
"« Sir William Phips {Phipfs) was
fon of James, gunfmith, from Briftol,
Eng. ; was born at what is now Phipf-
burg. Me.; became a fhip-carpenter;
married Mary, widow of John Hull (not
the mint-mafter) ; with her money fet up
a Ihipyard at Sheepfcot, and then in Bof-
ton when " driven in " by Indian hoftili-
ties; thence went to fea, 1677; at the

Bahamas heard of the wreck of a Span-
ifh treafure-laden galleon, and went to
England ami oJlcred his fervices to the
king to recover tho gold; his project
was approved, and h',* went to the fpot
with two frigates in 1683; failed for
want of proper innruments; returned
to England, and perfuaded Monk, Duke
of Albemarle, to furnilh him for the
work again ; went back, filhed up £300,-
000, of which £16,000 fell to him, and
he was knighted by James II., 28 June,
1687; Andros made him Sherift' of
New England; joined Second Church,
8 March, 1690; May, 1690, conducted
the attack on Nova Scotia ; was chofen
Afliftant, projected the filly expedition,
in the Auguft following, againft Que-
bec ; went to London, 1691, was ap-
pointed Governor on Increafe Mather's
recommendation ; arrived back 14 May,
1692 ; fandtioned the witchcraft delu-
fion in 1693, flogged Colledlor William
Brenton, and, 1694, caned Capt. Short
of the Nonfuch Frigate, and, through
the trouble thence arifing, was recalled
to London, where he died 18 Feb., 1695,
and was buried in St. Mary, Woolnoth,
in Lombard St., where John Newton
lies. [Savage's Gen. Di^. iii : 420;
Palfrey's Hiji. N. E. iii: 590; Hutch-
infon's Hi^. Ma/s. ii : 76; Sparks's
Amer. Biog. vii : 5-102 ; Mather's Mag-
nalia, Book II : 15-75.]
I'l See note 24, ante.

82 I

Jiojlon, was rcuiucllcd by his Excellency to treat with Maj.
Church about jLifoinj^ Kail with him. Maj. WalUy cominpf
home, did as defired; and to incoura^j^e the (aid Maj
Churchy told him, That now was the time to have recom-
pencc for his former <j;reat Expences; fayinjjf alfo, That the
Country could not f^ive him lefs than Two or three hun-
dred Pounds. So upon his Excellency's requefl Maj
Church went down to Bojlon^ and waited upon him; who
faid he was glad to fee him, &c. And after fome difcourfe
told the faid Churchy That he was going Eall himfelf, and
that he fhould be his Second, and in his abfence Command
all the Forces: And being rcqucfted by his Excellency to
raife what Volunteers of his old Souldiers in the County
oi Brijlol, both EngliJIi & hidians. Receiving his Com-
miflion: which is as followeth.

SIR William Phips Knight^ Captain General and Gov^

ernour in Chief in and over their Majejly'?> Province

of the Maflachufetts-Bay in New-England.

To Benjamin Church Gcfit. Greeting.

*' T^ Epoling fpecial Truft and Confidence in your Loy-
■*-^ * alty, Courage and good Condu6l. I do by thefe

* prefents Conftitute & Appoint You to be Major of the
*■ feveral Companies of Militia, detached for their Majefty's

* Service againft their French and Indian Enemies. You

* are therefore Authorized and Required in their Majefty's

* Names, to difcharge the duty of a Major, by Leading

* Ordering and Exercifing the faid feveral Companies in

[83]

Arms, both Inferiour Officers & Souldiers, keeping them
in good Order & Difcipline, Commanding them to Obey
you as their Major: And diligently to intend the faid
Service, for the profecuting, purfuing, killing and deflroy-
ing of the faid Common Enemy. And your felf to ob-
ferve and follow fuch Orders & Directions as you Ihall
from time to time Receive from my Self, according to
the Rules & Difcipline of War, purfuant to the Truft
repofed in you for their Majefty's Service. Given under
my Hand and Seal at Bojlon^ the Twenty-fifth day of
July 1692. In the Fourth Year of the Reign of our
Soveraign Lord & Lady William and Mary, by the
Grace of GOD King & Qiieen of England, Scotland,
France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c.

WILLIAM PHIPS,

By his Excellency''^ Command,

Ifaac Addington, Seer.

Returning home to the County aforefaid, he foon raifed
a fufficient Number of Volunteers both EngliJJt & Indians
and Officers fuitable to Command them, March'd them
down to Bojlon. But there was one thing I would [83]
juft mention; which was. That Maj Church being ftiort
of Money, was forc'd to borrow Six Pounds in Mone}' of
Lieut. Woodman ^^^ in Little Compton, to diftribute by a

112 'John Woodman, of Little Comp- oldefl:fon,Thomas, married Woodman's
ton, perhaps fon of John, a prominent fecond daughter, Edith. \^R.-I. Col.
citizen of Newport; Church bought Rec.'\\\'. 106,150,168,185,231; Parti,
land of him, 30 0(ft., 1702; and his of this work, pp. xxxiii. xliv.]

8.1.

[83]

Shilling, and a Bit'^^ at a time to the hidian Souldiers;
who without fuch Allurements would not have March'd to
Bojlon. This Money Major Church put into the hands of
Mr. William Fobcs^"^^ who was going out their Commiffary
in that Service, who was order'd to keep a juft accompt of
what each Indian had that fo it might be fubdu6led out
of their wages at their return home. Coming to Bojlon,
his Excellency having got things in a readinefs, they Em-
bark'd on board their tranfports, his Excellency going in
Perfon with them, being bound to Pemequid'.^^^ But in
their way ftop'd at Ca/co, and buried the bones of the dead
People there,^'^ and took off the great Guns that were there ;
then Vv^ent to Pemequid : ^" Coming there his Excellency
ask'd Maj. Church to go a-fhore & give his judgment
about Erecting a Fort there ? He anfwer'd, That his Gen-

113 ^^ Bitt, a piece of filver in Barba-
does current at feven pence half-penny.
\_Bailey.'\ The name was applied later,
efpecially at the South, to the nine-
fence, or one-eighth of a dollar. [Bart-
lett's Dictionary of AmericaniJ'ms, 33.]
Mr. Drake fays it w&^ytxjftence. {^Church,
(ed. 1827,) 209.]

!''•• See note 242, Part I.

175 '■'■ Pemaquid, like Acadia., appears
to have been of indefinite extent ; but
under this general name there feems to
have been embraced, at a later date,
Monhegan, and its companion, the iflet
of Monanis, the clufter of the Damar-
ifcove iflands, and territory fomewhat
beyond the limits of the peninfula of
Pemc juid proper." [il/e. Hiji. Coll. v :
181.] "The river of Pemaquid is ten

miles eaft oi Damarifcotta. There is a
large bay through which we pafs to en-
ter Pemaquid harbor or river. The
bay is full of iflands, the greater part
of which are fettled. The fort, called
Fort George, was on a point at the
mouth of the river, and on the eaft fide
of it. The remains of the fortrefs are
there at this day (1795)." [Sullivan's
Hiji. Diji. Me. 35.]

ii" That is the bones of thofe — over
100 perfons — who had been deftroyed
there by the favages under the Sieur
Hertel, 17 May, 1690. [Holmes's An-
nals, i : 431 ; Belknap's HiJl. N. Hamp.
i : 257-9 ; Hutchinfon's HiJl. Mafs. i :

353-]

m This was early in Auguft, 1692.
[Afe. HiJi. Coll. V : 282.]

[83]

ius did not incline that way, for he never had any value for
them, being onlyNefts for Deftru6lions : '^^ His Excellency
faid. He had a fpecial Order from their Majeftics King
William and Queen Mary to Ere6t a Fort there, &c.
Then they went a-fhore and fpent fome time in the pro-
jection thereof.^^^ Then his Excellency told Maj. Church
that he might take all the Forces with him, except one
Company to flay with him and work about the Fort; the
Major anfwered that if his Excellency pleas'd he might
keep two Companies with him, and he would go with the
reft to Penob/cot, and Places Adjacent. Which his Ex-
cellency did, and gave Maj. Church his Orders: which
are as followeth.

118 Recall Church's previoufly ex-
preffed opinions in regard to the forts at
Mount Hope and Pocaffet [pp. 25, 47,
Part I.]

119 This fort was built of over 2000
cartloads of ftone, in a quadrangular
figure, 737 feet in circumference outfide
the outer wall, and 108 feet fquare with-
in the inner walls. The fouthern wall,
fronting the fea, was 22 feet high, and
more than 6 feet thick at the ports,
which were 8 feet from the ground.
The great flanker or round tower at
the weft end of the fouthern wall was
20 feet high ; the wall on the eaft line
12 feet high; that on the north 10 feet,
and on the weft 18. It had 28 ports,

and 18 guns mounted, fix of which
were eighteen-pounders. The ftrudture
ftood back 20 rods from high-water
mark, and was garrifoned by 60 and
Ibmetimes 100 men. [^Magnalia, Book
VII: 81; Me. Hijl. Coll. v: 282.]
This fort was not intended to operate
againft Indians merely, but againft
piratical rovers who infefted the fea,
and againft the French, who intended
repolTeffion. That which Maj. Andros
had built in 1677, ^"^ which the In-
dians took in 1690, was a mere ftock-
ade; "un Fort, qui n'etoit k la verity
que de pieux, mais alTez regulierement
conftruit." [Charlevoix, Nouv. France,
i:SS7.]

[S4]

By his Excellency Sir William Phips Knight^ Captain
General and Governour in Chief in and over their
Majejlies Province of the Maflachufetts-Bay in New-
England, &c. JnstrUCtionfli for Major Benjamin
Church.
'TT THereas you are Major and fo Chief Officer of a

^ ^ ' body of Men detached out of the Militia appointed

* for an Expedition againft the French & Indian Enemy;

* you are duely to obferve the following Inftru6tions.

* Impri. You are to take care that the Worfhip of God

* be duely & conftantly maintained and kept up amongft
' you, and to fuffer no Swearing, Curfing, or other pro-

* phanation of the Holy Name of God; and as much as in

* you lyes to deter and hinder all other Vice amongft your

* Souldiers.

' 2ly. You are to proceed with the Souldiers under your

* Command to Penodfcot, and with what privacy & undif-

* coverable Methods you can, there to Land your men,
^ and take the beft meafures to furprize the Enemy.

* 2fly. You are by killing, deftroying, and all other means

* poffible to endeavour the deftru6lion of the Enemy in

* purfuance whereof, being fatisfyed of your Courage &

* Condu6t, I leave the fame to your difcretion.

' ^ly. You are to indeavour the taking what Captives

* you can either Men, Women or Children, and the fame

* fafely to keep and convey them unto, me. [84]

* c^ly. Since it is not poffible to judge how affairs may

* be circumftanced with you there, I ffiall therefore not

[84]

^ limit your return, but leave it to your Prudence, only

* that you make no lonf^cr flay than you can improve for
' advantage againfl the Enemy, or may reafonably hope
' for the fame.

*6/v. You are alfo to take care and be very induftruous

* by all polFible means to find out and deftroy all the Ene-

* mies Corn, and other Provifions in all Places where you

* can come at the fame.

* 7/j/. You are at your return from Penob/cot and thofe

* Eaftern Parts, to make all difpatch hence for Kenebeck
'• River, and the Places Adjacent, z. id there profecute all

* advantages againfl the Enemy as aforcfaid.

* 8/j/. If any Souldier, Officer or other fhall be difobe-

* dient to you as their Commander in Chief, or other their

* Superiour Officer, or make or caufe any Mutiny, commit

* other offence or diforders, you fhall call a Council of
' War amongfl your Officers, and having tryed him or

* them fo ofTending, infli6t fuch punifhment as the merit

* of the offence requires. Death only excepted, which if

* any fhall deferve, you are to fecure the perfon, and fig-
' nify the Crime unto me by the firfl opportunity.

Given under my hand this i \th day ^ Auguft, 1692.

WILLIAM PIIIPS.

Then the Major and his Forces embark'd and made the
befl of their way to Penob/cot) and coming to an Ifland in
thofe Parts ^®° in the evening, landed his Forces at one end

IM Seven Hundred Acre IJland. [Williamfon's Hiji. Me. i : 71, 636.]

[84]

of the laid Ifland: Then the Major took part of his Forces
" and mov'd toward Day to the other end of the faid Ifland,
where they found two French Mcn^ and their Families in
their Jioufes; and that one or both of them had Indian
Women to their Wives, and had Ciiildren by them. The
Major prefently examining the French men, Where the
Indians were .'^ They told him. That there was a great
company of them upon an Ifland jufl by:'*^' and fhowing
him the Ifland, prefently difcover'd feveral of them. Maj.
Church and his Forces Hill keeping undifcovcr'd to them,
ask'd the French men where their palfing Place was?
Which they readily ihew'd him; fo prefently placed an
Ambafcade to take any that fhould come over. Then
fent orders for all the refl: of the Forces to come; fending
them an account what he had {ii^^w & met withal; flrickly
charging them to keep themfelves undifcovered by the
Enemy. The Ambafcade did not lye long before an In-
dian Man and a Woman came over in a Canoo to the
Place for landing, where the Ambafcade was laid: who
haul'd up their Canoo, and came right into the hands of
our Ambafcade, who fo fuddenly furprized them that they
could not give any notice to the others from whence they
came; the Major ordering that none of his Ihould offer to
meddle with the Canoo, left they fhould be difcovered,
hoping to take the moft of them if his Forces came as
order'd, he expe6ting them to come as dirc6led. But the
firft news he had of them was, That they were all coming,

181 Long Ulan '. ilbid. 636.]
la 89

[8s]

tho' not privately [85] as ordered; but in the Veffels fair
in fight of the Enemy, which foon put them all to flight;
and our Forces not having Boats fuitable to purfue them,
they got all away in their Canoo's, &c. (which caufed
Maj Church to fay, He would never go out again without
fufficient number of Whale-boats) which for want of, was
the ruine of that a6lion. Then Maj. Church according to
his inftru6tions rang'd all thofe parts, to find all their Corn,
and carried aboard their Veflels what he thought con-
venient, and defl;roy'd the refl:. Alfo finding confiderable
quantities of Plunder, viz Bever & Moofe skins, &c.
Having done what Service they could in thofe parts,^®^ he
returned back to his Excellency at Pemequid\ ^^"^ where
being come, itaid not long: they being fliort of Bread, his
Excellency intended home for Bojion, for more Provifions;
but before, going with Maj. Church & his Forces to Kene-
beck River, and coming there, gave him his further Or-
ders; which are as followeth.

By his Excellency the Governour.

To Major Benjamin Church.

* "V/'Ou having already received former Inllru6tions, are

■*• * now further to proceed with the Souldiers under

* your Command for Kenebeck River, and the Places Adja-

182 Mather fays he "took five Indians" W3 His inftradlions were to "make

here ; Hutchinfon fays *' three or four." all defpatch" thence "for Kenebeck
It is certain that he took but few. River " ; but in doing fo he muft natu-
[^Magnalia, Book VII : 81 ; Hutchin- rally touch at Pemaquid, which lay be-
fon's Hiji. Mafs. ii : 69.] tween.

[8s]

* cent, and ule your utmoft indeavours to kill, deftroy and

* take Captive the French & Indian Enemy wherefoever

* you fhall find any of them; and at your return to Peme-

* quid (which you are to do as foon as you can conveni-

* ently; after your bell indeavoui* done againlt the Enemy,

* and having dellroyed their Corn and other Provifions)
' you are to ftay with all your Souldiers and Officers, and
' fet them to work on the Fort, and make what difpatch

* you can in that bulinefs, flaying there until my further
' order. WILLIAM PHIPS,

Then his Excellency taking leave went for Bq/lon\^^^
and foon after Maj. Church and his Forces had a fmart
fight with the Enemy in Kenebeck-^w^x^ Purfued them fo
hard that they left their Canoo's & ran up into the woods,
ftill purfued them up to their Fort at Taconock^"^'" which

IM The witch trials were in progrefs lieved had fome influence in opening

in Bofton during his abfence, and it is the Governor's eyes, and (laying the

not unlikely that it was while he was delufion with its plague of blood, is not

gone on this bufinefs that the incident obvious. [Hutchinfon's Hift- Mafs. ii :

occurred, which Hutchinfon mentions, 61 ; Drake's Witchcraft Deliijioti, dc.

on the authority of a J/5, letter; that iii : 159; Douglafs's Summary, i: 450.]

Mrs. Phips, being applied to for inter- ^** Teconuet iaXXs, are on \hQ Kennebec,

pofition in the cafe of a lady accufed oppofite the village of Waterville. On

of witchcraft, took the refponfibility of the point of land above the confluence

figning a difcharge for her, upon which of the Sebajlkook with the Kennebec,

document the jailor took the refponfi- and below thefe falls, flood the old

bility of fetting the accufed free, — to Teconnet fort of the Indians, here re-

his own harm, it was faid. Whether ferred to, and, in 1754, Fort Halifax of

this had any thing to do with that the Englifli. The fite of the fort itfelf is

accufation of the Governor's lady her- in Winflow, and the block-houfe was

felf as a witch, which Calef aflTerts and lately ftanding. [Williamfon's Hift.

Douglafs hints, and which it was be- Me. i: 50; Minot's Htft. Mafs. i: 186.]

9»

[86]

the Enemy perceiving fet fire to their Houfcs in the Fort,
and ran away by the light of them, and when Maj. CImrch
came to the faid Fort found about half their Houfcs Hand-
ing and the rell burnt; alfo found great quantities of Corn,
put up into Indian Cribs, which he and his Forces de-
ftroyed, as ordered. Having done what Service he could
in thofe parts returned to Pemcquid^ and coming there
imploy'd his Forces according to his Inftru6tions: '^'^ being
out of Bread, his Excellency not coming, Maj. Church
was oblig'd to borrow Bread of the Captain of the Man of
War that was then there, for all the Forces under his
Command, his Excellency not coming as expe6ted. But
at length his Excellency came and brought very little
Bread more than would pay what was borrowed of the
Man of War: So that in a fhort time after Maj. Church
with his Forces return'd home to Bojlon^ and had their
Wages for their good Service done. Only one thing
by the way I will but juft mention, that is, about the Six
Pounds Maj. Chtirch borrowed as afore-mention'd, and
put in-[86]to the hands of Mr. Fodes, who diftributed the
faid Money, all but 30 s. to the Indian Souldiers as di-
re6ted, which was deducted out of their Wages, and the
Country had Credit for the fame; and the faid Fobes kept
the 30 s to himfelf, which was dedu6ted out of his Wages.
Whereupon Maj Walley and the faid Fobes had fome
words. In fhort, Maj. Church was forc'd to pay the Six
Pounds he borrowed out of his own Pocket, belides which

186 In the hateful bufinefs of fort-building.
92

[86]

the faid Church was oblig'd to expend about Six Pounds
of his own Money in Marching down the Forces both
EngliJJi and Indians to Bojlon^ having no drink allow'd
them upon the Road, &c. So that in flcad of Maj
Church''?, having the allowances afore-mentioned by Maj.
Walicyy he was out of Pocket about Twelve Pounds more
and above what he had;'*^^ all which had not been, had
not his Excellency been gone out of the Country.'*

188

The Fourth Expedition, EafL

TN 1696. Maj Church being at Bojlon^ and belonging to
•^ the Houfe of Rcprefentatives,""* feveral Gentlemen
requefting him to go Eaft again, and the General Court
having made A6ls of Incouragement, &c. He told them,
if they would provide Whale Boats, & other necelfaries
convenient, he would: Being alio requefted by the faid
General Court, he proceeded to raife Volunteers, and
made it his whole bufmefs Riding both Eaft and Weft in
our Province ^"° and Connc^icut^ at great charge and ex-
pences; and in about a Months time raifed a fufficient

187 Walley told him in the outfet (p- ^^^ I have found no trace of his ap-
83), that " the country could not give pointment as Deputy this year, on the
him lefs than two or three hundred Briftol Town Records. This would
pounds " ; fo that, at the lowed calcula- feem, from various confiderations, to
tion, Church made a lofs of fiTS upon have been just about as he was remov-
his expedlations " aforementioned." ing to Fall River. [See Part I. xxxi.]

188 He means that Gov. Phips's ab- ^s^" Plymouth and Maffachufetts Colo-
fence when this fettlement took place nies had been confolidated into the new
was the caufe of the wrong which he "Province of Maffachufetts Bay" by
fuffered. the new Charter of 1692.

[86]

number out of thofc Parts, and March'd them down to
BoJlon\ where he had the promife tliat ever}' thing fhould
be ready in three Weeks or a Months time, but was
oblig'd to flay confiderable longer. Being now at Bojlon
he received his Commillion and Inftru6tions; which are as
followeth.

William Stoughton, /i]^;"" Luuicnant Governour and
Commaftdcr in Chief in and over His ATajeJlies Pro-
vince of the Mairachuletts-Bay in New-England. To
Major Benjamin Church, Greeting.

'^\J Hereas there are feveral Companies raifed, confifling
' '^ of Englifli-Men & Indians for His Majeflies Service^
to go forth upon the Encouragement given by the Great and
General Court or AJfembly of this His Majejlies Province^
conve7ted at Bofton the 2'jth Day of May 1696. to profecute
the French atid Indian Enemy, &c. And yon having offered
your f elf to take the command and conduct of the faid feveral
Companies. By vertue therefore of the Power and Atitho-
rity in and by His Majeflies Royal Commiffwn to me

If'l William Stoughtouy {on oi\^x^Q,\, Charter; and became Chief-Juftice ;

of Dorchefter, graduated at Harvard, died 7 July, 1701. The recall of Sir

and then at Oxford, Eng. ; became a William Phips left him in chief com-

preacher; is named by Calamy among mand until Bellamont's arrival in 1699.

thofe ejedled ; came back, and preached He was on the witch bench, and, unlike

the election fernion of 1668; became Sewall, never exprefled penitence for

Seledman, Afliftarit, Commiflioner of the part he took. He built Stoughton

the United Colonies; went to England Hall at Harvard. [Savage's Gen. Did.

in 1677 with Bulkley as agent of the iv: 215; Palmer's iVio«c<?/i. J/e;». i : 197;

colonies; was one of Andros's Council; Quincy's Hiji. Har. Utt. i: 178, 9;

was chofen Lieut. Gov. under the new Eliot's Biog. Did. 444.]

[R7]

Granted^ repofins; fpecial truji and confidence in your Loy-
alty^ Prudence^ couras^c and ^ood conditil. I do by tlu/e
Prc/cnts ConJIitiitc and Appoint you to be Major of the /aid
feveral Companies, both Jinj^/iJJt-Men and Indians, raifed
for His Maje/lies Sendee vpon the lincoiirai^ement afore-
faid. You are therefore carefully and diligently to perform
the duty of your place, by Leadinj^, Orderiuf^, and Exercifini;
the faid feveral Companies in Arms, both Inferiour Officers
and Soul'Sfi^jyiiers, I'cepinj^ them in good Order and Dif-
cipliiic, commanding them to obey you as their Major. And
your felf diligently to intend His Ma j if lies Service for the
profecuting, purfuing, taking, killing or diflroying the faid
Enemy by Sea or Land', And to obferve all fuch Orders
and Inflruflio7is as you fJiall from time to time receive from
my Self or Commander in chief for the time being, accord-
ing to the Rules and Difcipline of War, purfiant to the
trufl repofed in you. Given under my Hand & Seal at
Arms at Bofton, the Third Day of Auguft, 1696. In the
Eighth Year of the Reign of Our Sovcraign Lord William
the Third by the Grace of God of England, Scotland,
France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c.

Wm. STOUGHTON.

By Command of the Lieut. GovernourySic.

Ifaac Addington, Seer.

Province of the Maffachufetts-Bay.

rs7i

By the Rt. Ilononrahlc the Lieutenant Governour and
Commander in Chief. ■

SuSttUCtionO A*^ A/aJ. IJcnjamin Cluircli, Commander
of the Forces raifed for His Majiflies Service againfl
the French and Indian Enemy and Rede is.

PUrfnant to the Commiffwn given you, you are to Em-
bark the Forces now furnifhed and equipped for His
Majeflies Service on the prefent Expedition to the Eaflern
parts of this Province, and ivith them and fuch others as
fJiall offer themfelves to go forth on the faid Service to Sail
unto Pifcataqua, to joy n thofe lately difpatched thither for
the fame Expedition, to await your coming. And with all
care afid diligence to improve the Veffels, Boats and Men
tmder your commatid in fearch for, profecutio7i and purfuit
of the faid Enemy, at fuch places ivhere you may be i7iformed
of their aoode or refort, or where you may probably expefl to
find or meet with them, and take all advantages againfl them
which Providence fliall favour you ivith.

You are not to lift or accept any Souldiers that are already
in His Majeflies pay and pofled at a7iy Town or Garrifon
within this Province, without fpecial Order from my felf.

You are to require and give flri^ Orders that the duties
of Religion be attended on board the feveral Veffels, and in
the fever al companies under your command, by daily Prayers
unto God and reading His Holy Word, and Obfervance of
the Lords Day to the utmofl you can.

You are to fee that your Souldiers have their due allow

[88]

ance of Provijions and other necejfayivs^ & that the Sick or
Wounded be accommodated in the lujl viauner your circum-
Jlances zvill admit. And that i^ood order and command be
kept up & maintained in the feveral companies^ and all di/-
orders^ drunkenneji^ prophane curjini;^^ pivearins;;^ difobedience
to Officers^ mutinies, omiffwns or neglefl of duty^ be duly
puniflied accordinc^ to the Laws A fart ia I. And you are to
require the Captain or chief Officer of each coniJ>any with
the Clerk of the fame^ to keep an exa6l yournal of all their
proceedini^s from time to time.

In cafe any of the Indian Enemy and Rebels offer to fub'
mil themfelves^ you are to receive them only at difcretion.
But if you think fit to improve any of them or any others
which you may happen to take Prifoncrs^you may encoura^^e
them to be faithful by the promife of their lives, which fJiall
be (^ra n ted upo7i app roba tion of their fidt lity. [88]

Vou are carefully to look after the Indians which you
have out of the Prifon^^^^ fo that they may not have oppor-
tunity to efcape, but otherwife improve them to what advan-
tage you can, and return them back again to this place.

Vou are to advife as you can have occafio7i with Capt.
John Gorham ^"^ who accompanies you in this Expedition,
and is to take your commaiid in cafe of your Death. A

'^ In purfuance of the policy by fimilar refource. [Drake's ///^. ^o/?. i :

which, in the time of Philip's war, Cor- 402 ; Part I. note 56.]

nelius the Dutch pirate, and others, had '**•• yohn Gorham {Gorittn, Goram,

been taken out of Bofton jail, and Gorrutn, Goarain) was fon of Capt.

"allowed "to march againft the Indi- John, of Barnftable; wasborn at Marlh-

ans, the Province feems now to have field, 20 Feb., 165^; was a tanner, like

fwelled the ranks of its volunteers by a his father; was with his father in

»3 97

[88]

copy of thefe Injlrtinions yoti are to leave with him, and to
give me an accovnt from time to time of your proceedings.
Bofton, Auguft \2tli. 1696. Wm. STOUGHTON.

In the time Maj. Church lay at Boflon, the News came
of Pemequid Fort being taken,^°^ it came by a Shallop *^*
that brought fome Prifoners to Boflon^ who gave account
alfo that there was a French Ship at ^oMnt-Defart^^ who

Philip's war; 5 June, 1690, was made
captain in the Canada Expedition, and
was afterwards Lieut. Col. ; later was
much employed as a conveyancer; died
9 Dec, 1716, and lies buried at the N.E.
corner of the Unitarian meetinj^-houfe
in Barnftable. He married, 24 Feb.,
167I, Mercy, daughter of John Otis ;
had John, Temperance, Mary, Stephen,
Shubael, John, Thankful, Job, Mercy ;
left a real eftate of £2000, and perfonal
of £322. [Otis's Hift, Barnjiable, i :
217-222.]

l*» The French conceived that Fort
William Henry, at Pcmaquid, had im-
portance in controlling the weftern
portion of Acadia, and determined to
reduce it. Iberville was fent from Qiie-
bec with two Ihips of war, with arrange-
ments to co-operate with Villebon and
50 Mickmacks, and Caftine with 200 of
his favages ; on the way, met and cap-
tured one of an Englifli fleet, and then
inverted and attacked Pemaquid. The
fort was at the time in command of Capt.
Pafcoe Chubb (of Andover), who had
Ihown his incompetence by treachery
toward fome Indian envoys in the pre-
vious February ; and was balely furren-
dered without any determined effort at

defence, — though Charlevoix fuggefts,
through the cowardice of the garrifon
compelling the captain againft his
will, — 15 July, 1696. The fort was
moftly demolillied, after a hiftory of
four years fully juftifying Church's fcru-
ples in the beginning. Chubb was
cafliiered, and was not forgotten by the
Indians, who fucceeded in murdering
him and his wife Hannah (Faulkner)
at Andover, 5 March, 1698. [William-
fon's Hijl. Me. i: 642-4; Hutchinfon's
Hijl. Mafs. ii: 88; Charlevoix's Hiji.
Nonv. France, iii : 260-2 : Abbott's HiJi.
Andover, 43.]

^^ Hutchinfon fays it was " a French
fhallop belonging to St. John's, with 23
foldiers under Villeau, their captain."
{_niji. Mafs. ii: 91.]

196 Mount Defert Illand lies juft eaft
of the debouchure of Union river, —
fay 25 miles eaft of the centre of Penob-
fcot Bay, and is the largeft ifland in the
State, being 15 miles long by about 7
in mean width, and containing fome
60,000 acres. A third part of this fhoots
up into 13 high and rugged peaks, vifi-
ble 20 leagues at fea, and giving to it
its French name, Alonts Deferts (the
defolate mountains — not, as Mr. Drake

[88]

had taken a Ship of ours; '^^ fo the difcourfe was that they
would fend the Man of War,^^^ with other Forces to take
the faid French Ship and retake ours. But in the mean
time Maj. Ckurc/i and his Forces being ready, imbark'd,
and on the 15th day of Augujl fet Sail for Pifcataqua,
where more Men were to joyn them (but before they left
Bojlon, Maj CImrch difcours'd with the Captain of the
Man of War, who promifed him, if he went to Mount-
Defart in purfuit of the faid French Ship, that he would
call for him and his Forces at Pifcataqua^ expe6ling that
the French & Indians might not be far from the faid
French Ship, fo that he might have an opportunity to fight
them while he was ingag'd with the French Ship:) Soon
after the Forces arrived at Pifcataqua the Major fent his
Indian Souldiers to Col. Gidney^^^ at York,^'^^ to be affift-

fuggefts, named by Champlain in honor the government on Andros's overthrow ;

of De Monts). was named as Counfellor in the new

19'' The " Ihip of ours " was the New- charter; 1690, commanded in the French

port, Capt. Paxton, which was cruifing and Indian Expedition; 3 Odt., 1692,

off the Bay of Fundy (to intercept was made Judge of Probate for Effex

French ftores fuppofed to be on their County ; fame year was made Judge of

way from Qiiebec to Villebon) with the Court of Com. Pleas for the fame Coun-

Sorlings, Capt. Eames, and the Pro^- ty. He was conftantly engaged in civil

ince tender. The two latter efcaped in and military life until his death, 23

a fog. Iberville refitted the Newport, Feb., 169I. He married Hannah Clark,

and took her with him to help reduce and had Jonathan, Bartholomew, Han-

Pemaquid. nah, Lydia, Bethia, Deborah, Samuel,

'9* The Sorlings. Deborah and Martha (twins), Prifcilla,

199 Bartholomew Gedney {Gidney) and Ann. He was one of the feven

was fon of John, of Salem; was bap- " witch " judges. [Savage's Gen.Didl.

tized 14 June, 1640; became a pra(5lif- ii : 240; Walhburn's Judicial Hijl.

ingphyfician; freeman, 1669; 1680-83, MaJ's. 141, 147.]

Affiftant and Counfellor; joined Brad- 200 <« 16 Aug., 1696, Col. Gedney

ftreet and others when they alTumed marches with 460 of his regiment for

[88]

ing for the defence of thofe Places; who gave them a
good Commend for their ready & willing Services done, in
Scouting, and the like Lying at Pifcataqua with the relt
of our Forces near a Week, waiting for more Forces who
was to joyn them to make up their complement; ^''^ in all
which time heard never a word of the Man of War. On
the 22d oi Augujl they all imbark'd from Pifcataqua^ and
when they came againft York, the Major went a fhore,
fending Capt. Gorliam with fome Forces in the two Brig-
anteens and a Sloop to Winter Harbour, ordering him to
fend out Scouts to fee if they could make any difcovery of
the Enemy, and to wait there till he came to them: Maj.
Church coming to York, Col. Giclney told him his opinion
was, That the Enemy was drav.n off from thofe parts, for
that the Scouts could not difcover any of them, nor their
Tracks. So having done his bufinefs there, went with
what Forces he had there to Winter Harbour, where he
had the fame account from Capt. Gorham, That they had
not difcovered any of the Enemy, nor any new Tracks:
So concluding they were gone from thofe Parts towards
Penobfcot\ the Major ordered all the Veffels to come to
Sail and make the beft of their way to Monhegin^^^ which
being not far from Penobfcot^^ where the main body of

Kittery. He is accompanied by a troop George's Iflands, 5 leagues E. S. E. of

under Capt. John Turner." [Felt's An- Townfend, and 3 leagues W. oi Metinic,

nals of Salem, ii : 509.] on the coaft of Maine; and contains

201 The " complement " was 500 men. more than 1000 acres of good land,

[Hutchinfon's Hijl. Mafs. ii : 91.] with a bold Ihore. [Williamfon's Hijl.

2U'^ Monkeg-an {Monckiggon, Monhig- Me. i: 61.]
gon, Morattigoti) lies 9 miles S. of "^'^ It is perhaps 14 miles S. E. from

100

[89]

our Enemies living was; being in great hopes to come up
with the Army oi French & Indians, before they had fcat-
tered and were gone paft Penobfcot or Mount-Z^r/^'r/,
which is the chief place of their [89] departure from each
other after fuch a6lions; and having a fair wind made the
beft of our way, and early next Morning they got into
Monhegin, and there lay all day fitting their Boats, and
other neccflaries to imbark in the Night at MttJ/el neck^^^
with their Boats; lying there all Day to keep undifcovered
from the Enemy; at Night the Major ordered the Veflels
all to come to Sail and carry the Forces over the Bay
near Penobfcot\ but having little Wind,*^"^ he ordered all
the Souldiers to imbark on board the Boats with eight
days Provifion, and fent the Veflels back to Monhegin, that
they might not be difcovered by the Enemy; giving them
orders when and where they fhould come to him. The
Forces being all ready in their Boats, rowing very hard,
got a-fhore at a Point near Penobfcot^'^^ juft as the day
broke, and hid their Boats, and keeping a good look-out
by Sea, and fent Scouts out by Land ; but could not dif-
cover neither Canoo's nor Indians \ what Tracks and fire
places they faw were judg'd to be 7 or 8 days before they

Pemaquid, and 25 tniles S. W. of the thefhips; and fo, finding that the wind

entrance of Penobfcot bay. was too light to make progrefs by fails,

204 I am not clear whether the refer- he put his men into the boats, and fent
ence here is to a point of that name on the Ihips back.

Monhegan, or to the Mti/cle Ridges, '^^ At OtuVs Head, in the N. E. cor-

which is a clufter of about a dozen ner of Thomafton. [Sewall's Anc.

iflands, not far off. Dom. of Me. 215; Eaton's Ht/i. Thom-

205 The boats, of courfe, were with ajlon, Rockland, and So. Thorn, i : 29.]

lOI

[ 89 ] .

came: As foon as Night came that they might go undif-
covered got into their Boats and went by Mujfel-neck^ and
fo amongfl; Penobfcot Iflands,^" looking very fliarp as they
went for fires on the fhore, and for Canoo's, but found
neither; getting up to Mathebejlucks hills,^"^ day coming
on, landed, and hid their Boats; looking out for the Ene-
my, as the day before, but to little purpofe. Night coming
on, to their Oars again, working very hard, turn'd the
Night into Day; made feveral of their new Souldiers
grumble: but telling them they hoped to come up quickly
with the Enemy put new life into them; and by day-light
they got into the Mouth of the River, where landing,
found many Randezvous and fire Places where the Indians
had been; but at the fame fpace of time, as before men-
tioned. And no Canoo's palled up the River that day.
Their Pilot Jofepk York^'^ inform'd the Major that 50 or
60 Miles up that River at the great Falls, the Enemy had
a great Randezvous,^'" and planted a great quantity of

207 A large clufter of idands lie offin 209 Williamfon IHiJi. Me. i: 645]
the mouth of Penobfcot bay. Among calls this pilot yohn York, but gives no
them are Long, Seven Hundred Acre, authority for differing from Church. A
Billy Job's, Marfliall's, Laffell's, Mark, family of Yorks was among the earli-
Saddle, Lime, Enfign, two Moufe, eft fettlers of thefe regions, who were
Spruce, and Fox illands, with fome probably defcendants of Richard, who
unnamed. lived in Dover, N.H., 1648. John York

208 Thefe are Camden heights — as was one of the truftees of No. Yar-
the crow flies, about lo miles N. W. mouth, 1685 ; and yatnes, Thomas, and
from Owl's Head, in the town of Cam- Samuel purchafed land of the Indians,
den. They are five or fix in number, in July, 1670, on the eaft fide of the An-
the higheft being fome 1500 feet above drofcoggin. [Willis's Hiji. Portland,
the fea level. They can be feen 20 302 ; Sullivan's Hift. Me. 146.]
leagues at fea. [See Williamfon's Hifi. 2"* Suppofed to be the prefent Old-
Mc. i : 95.] town, 12 miles above Bangor.

I03

[9o]

Corn, when he was a Prifoner with them, four Years a
goe, and that he was very well acquainted there; this
gave great incouraG^ement to have had fome confiderable
advantage of the Enemy at that Place; fo ufing their ut-
moll endeavours to get up there undifcovered: and coming
there found no Enemy nor Corn Planted, they having de-
ferted the Place. And ranging about the Falls on both
fides of the River, leaving Men on the Eaft fide of the faid
River, and the Boats juft below the Falls,^'^ with a good
guard to fecure them, and to take the Enemy if they came
down the River in their Canoo's: The weft fide being the
Place where the Enemy lived and beft to travel on, they
refolved to range as privately as they could, a Mile or two
above the Falls, difcovered a birch Canoo coming down
with two Indians in it, the Major fent word immediately
back to thofe at the Falls to lye very clofe, and let them
pafs down the Falls, and to take them alive, that he might
have Intelligence where the Enemy was (which would
have been a great advantage to them:) but a foolifh [90]
Souldier feeing them pafling by him, fliot at them, con-
trary to orders given, which prevented them going into
the Ambafcado that wijs laid for them; whereupon feveral
more of our Men being near, fliot at them; fo that one of
them could not ftand when he got a-fhore, but crept away
into the brufli, the other ftep'd out of the Canoo with his
Paddle in his hand, and ran about a rod, and then threw

211 Williamfon fays they left their boats at the " Bend," in what is now Edding-
ton. IHiJl. Me. i : 645.]

103

[9o]

down his Paddle and turn'd back & took up his Gun, and
fo efcaped: One of our Indians fwom over the River and
fetch'd the Canoo, wherein was a conliderable quantity of
bloud on the Scats, that the Indians fat on; the Canoo
having feveral holes (hot in her: They ftopt the holes, and
then Capt. Brackit'^^^ with an hidiaii Souldier went over
the River, who Track'd them by the bloud about half a
Mile, found his Gun, took it up, and feeing the bloud no
further, concluded that he ftopt his bloud, and fo got away.
In the mean time another Canoo with three Men were
coming down the River were fired at by fome of our
Forces, ran a-fhore and left two of their Guns in the Ca-
noo, which were taken, and alfo a Letter from a Prieft to
Cajlecn^^^ that gav3 him an account of the French and
Indians returning over the Lake ^^^ to Mouni-Royal,^^^ and
of their little Service done upon the Maquas Indians weft-
ward, only demoliftiing one Fort and cutting down fome
Corn, &cj^^^ He defiring to hear of the proceedings of

212 See note 120, ante. le nom de Montreal donne a I'ile ou

213 See note 34, ante. cette petite montagne eft aflife." \^Hif-

214 The Oneida or Onondaga lake. toirc dc la Col. Fran(^aife en Canada,
[i New Tork Hijl. Coll. iv : 121.] i: 24.]

218 Montreal. "lis admirerent la 2I6 The Maquas {Mingos) were the

beautc des alentours, comme auffi le Five Nations of the Englirti, and the

cours majeftueux & la largeur du grand Iroquois of the French. The expedi-

fleuve, qu'ils fuivaient des yeux au- tion to which reference is here made was

tant que leur vue pouvait f'etendre; that of /'Vow/cwac, who added to all his

enfin I'imp tuofit du faut ou leurs own French regulars as many Indians

barques etaient reftees; ce qui fut caufe as he could colledl, and left Lachine,

que Cartier, charme des' points de vue 7 July, 1696, with light batteaux for

qu'il decouvrait de Xk, nomma cette river portage, &c., with a powerful force

montagne le Mont-Royal, d'ou eft venu to attack the Five Nations. After 12 days'

J04

[90]

Deborahuel^'^'' and the French Man of War; and informed
him that there were feveral Canoo's comins: with work-
men from Qiiabcck^ to Saint JoJui'?,^^^ where fince we con-
cluded it was to build a Fort at the Rivers Mouth, where
the great Guns were taken, &c. It being juft Night, the
Officers were call'd together to advife, & their Pilot York

march, they arrived at Caduracqtii,
and fcattered the Ouotidagas^ but only
captured a little corn and a Sachein loo
years old, whom they tortured in away
which extorted from Charlevoix the
remark, that " never was a man treated
with more cruelty, nor ever did any
man bear torture with greater firmnefs
and magnanimity." Frontenac marched
back, with no further refults for this
expenfive campaign than the treacher-
ous capture of 35 coniiding Oncidas,
who were taken by the Chevalier Vati-
drucil. [i New- Tor k Ilijl. Coll. ii :
44; iv : 121; Bancroft's lliJl. U. S. iii :
190 : Hildr^th's Hiji. U. S. ii : 193 ; Dun-
lap's Hiji. New Tork, i : 227 ; Colden's
HiJi. Five Ind. Nations, 188-194.]

217 This is a curious illuftration of
the eafe with which names are changed
by pafling from one language into
another. Between Col. Church's way
of pronouncing the name of this French
admiral, and his fon Thomas's way of
writing it, the very refpedlable D" Iber-
ville was metamorphofed into the
abnormal, if not neutral, certainly pe-
culiar, " Deborahuel."

Lemoine D' Iberville was born in Mon-
treal, 1642 ; was one of feven brothers
adlive in Canadian affairs; went early
to fea; diftinguilhed himfelf for bravery
and ability ; commanded the expedition

14 105

which recovered Fort Nelfon to the
French, 1686 ; furcefsfully invaded New-
foundland, and gained viii^ories in Ilud-
fon's Bay, 1697 ; was reputed to be the
moft fkilful naval officer in the French
fervice ; was commiflloned to explore
the mouth of the Miiriffippi, and failed
from Rochefort for that purpofe, 1 7 OOt.,
169S; entered the river, 2 March, 1670;
returned to France, but was again or-
dered to the river; captured Nevis,
1706; died at Havana, on board
his Ihip, on the eve of an expedition
againfl: Jamaica, 9 July, 1706. Hutch-
infon is wrong in his note, "This was
not the Iberville who laid the foun-
dation of the French colony at Mil-
fiflippi in 1690. He died in a year or
two after that." The colony was found-
ed in 1699, and D'Iberville lived feven
years after that date. He was invading
Newfoundland the next year after this
expedition of Church, and there is no
reafon to doubt that he was the admiral
in command of the French fliips which
captured and razed Pemaquid. [Hutch-
infon's Hiji. Mafs. ii : 88 ; Ne-w Amer.
Cyc. ix : 430.]

218 Saint John still ftands — as the
principal city and feaport of New
Brunfwick — on a rocky peninfula on
the left bank of the pi(5turefque river
of the name.

[9']

informed them of a Fort up that River, & that it was built
on a little Ifland in that River;^"'and that there was no
getting to it but in Canoo's, or on the Ice in the Winter
time: This with the certain knowledge that we were dif-
covered by the Enemy that efcaped out of the upper Ca-
noo, concluded it not proper at that time to proceed any
further up, and that there was no getting any further with
our Boats; and the Enemy being Alarm'd would certainly
fly from them (and to do as they did four Years ago at
their Fort at Taconock^ having fought them in Kariebcck
River, and purfued them about 30 Miles to Taconock\^~^
for they then fct their Fort on fire, and run away
by the Light of it, ours not being able to come up
with them at that Place.) Maj. CImrch then incour-
aging his Souldiers, told them, he hop'd they fhould
meet with part of the Enemy, in Penobfcot bay, or at
^oViX\\.-Defart^ where the French Ships were. So not-
withftanding they had been rowing feveral Nights before,
with much toyl, befides were fhort of Provifions, they
chearfully embark'd on board their Boats, and went down
the River, both with and againfl the Tide: and next Morn-
ing came to their Veflels, where the Major had ordered
them to meet him, who could give him no intelligence of
any Enemy. Where being come they refrefh'd them-
felves; Meeting then with another difappointment, for
their Pilot York [91] not being acquainted any further,

219 See note 210, ante. 220 gee note 185, ante.

106

L9'J

they began to lament the lol's of one Robert Cazvlcy^'^ who
they chiefly depended on for all the Service to be done
now Eafl:war(l : he having been taken away from them the
Night before they fat Sail from Bojlon (and was on board
Mr. Thorps'^ Sloop) and put on board the Man of War,
unknown to Maj Chitrch\ notwithftanding he had been at
the charge and trouble of procuring him. Then the Major
was oblig'd to one Bord^'^ procured by Mr. William
Alden^^^^ who being acquainted in thofe parts, to leave his
Veflel and go with him in the Boats, which he readily
complyed with, and fo went to Nasket point; '^■'' where
being inform'd was a likely place to meet with the Ene-
my; coming there found feveral Houfing and fmall Fields
of Corn, the fires having been out feveral days, and no

221 Robert Ctnvley (Cattle, Caiilic),
of Pemaqiiid, took the oath of fidelity
to Mafliichufetts, at the Court, 7 Oa.,
1674 ; and was undoubtedly the perfon
here referred to. He may have been
a Ion of Thomas, who was freeman,
Cambridge, 1640; was " alowed to
keepe vi<5tualing in his houfe for
ftrang''s " 14 May, 1645, and appears
to have been at Marblehead, 167 1.
{Ma/s. Col. Rec. ii : 98; v : 18; iV. ^.
JHiJi. and Gen. Reg. iii : 187; Savage's
Gen. Di6l. i : 350.]

222 There was a Robert Tkorpe at
York, 1660; and one of that name was
admoniflied by the Court " not to ad-
venture too many into any boate."
[Savage's Gen. Did. iv : 293; Ma/s.
Col. Rec. \ : 249.]

2-'3 Ilcnry Boade {Bord, Bode, Boad)
fettled at Saco before 1636; was free-
man at Wells, Me., 5 July, 1653; was
Jufticc there 1653; died 1657. This
man of whom Church fpeaks, may have
been his fon. \_N. E. Hijl. and Gen.
Reg. iii: 193; Folfom's HiJl, Saco,
119.]

2-'« Capt. yohn Alden (see note 133,
ante) had a fon William, born 10 Sept.,
1669, who would now be 27 years old,
and may have followed his father's fea-
faring trade, and been a member of this
expedition, as " mafter of the Brigan-
teen Endeavour." [Savage's Gen. Did.
i: 23.]

225 Najkeag point is the S. E. ex-
tremity of the prefent town of Sedge-
wick, Me.

107

[91]

new Tracks. But upon Penobfcot Ifland '-**' they found
Icveral Indian Iloufes, Corn «& Turnips, tho' the Enemy
Hill beinnj all gone, as before mentioned. Then they di-
vided and fent their Boats fome one way and fome another,
thinking that if any draggling Indians^ or Cajlcen himfelf
fliould be thcre-about, they might find them, but it prov'd
all in vain. Ilimfcif and feveral Boats went to Mount-
Dcfart^ to foe if the French Ships were gone and whither
any of the Enemy might be there, but to no purpofe: The
Ships being gone and the Enemy alfo. They being now
got feveral Leagues to the Weitward of their Veffels; and
feeing that the way was clear for their Velfels to pafs:
And all their extream rowing and travelling by Land and
Water, Night and Day to be all in vain. The Enemy
having left thofe parts, as they judg'd about eight or ten
da3's before. And then returning to their VelTels, the
Commander calling all his Officers together, to confult
and refolve what to do, concluding that the Enemy by
fome means or other had received fome Intelligence of
their being come out againft them; and that they were in
no neceffity to come down to the Sea fide as yet, Moofe
and Bever now being fat. They then agreed to go fo far
Eaft, and imploy themfelves, that the Enemy belonging to
thofe parts might think they were gone home: having
fome difcourfe about going over to Saint yohf{^\ but the

226 Now called Orphan Idand, con- port, and owned by defcendants of
taining some 5000 acres, and dividing an orphan, who inherited a part of the
the waters of the Penobfcot into two old Waldo patent. [Williamfon's Hiji.
branches. The ifland is taxed in Buckf- Me. i : 69.]

- -■ ^^_--. -; _.. _ - 108 ^ -- .„.__.___._.■ ■,_-.,

L9']

Mailers olthc VclVcls laid, he liad as ^ood carry them to
old France^ &c. which put off that deri«j;n, they concliidinp;
that the French Sh'ps were there. Tlieii the Major mov'd
lor ^oinuf over the Bay towards La/tane*^'' and toward the
Gut of G?;/^^^,*''* wiiere was anotlicr confidcrable Fort of
Indians^ who often came to the allilhuice of our Enemy,
the barb.nrous Indians', fayin«jf that by the time they Ihould
return again, the Enemy bclon<j^in<^ to tliefe parts would
be come down a<jfain, e.\pe«^ting tiiat we are <(()ne home.
But in Ihort, could not prevail with the Mailers of the
open Sloops to venture a-crofs the Bay; who laid it was
very dangerous lb late in the Year, and as much as their
Lives were worth, &c. Then they concluded and refolved
to go to Scnailaca^^ wherein there was a ready compli-
ance (but the want of their Pilot Robert Cazvlcy was a
great damage to them, who knew all thole parts:) how-

2''2^ Mifprint for La Have, a harbor of
Nova Scotia on its S. E. coall, at tlie
mouth of tlic Have, fome 50 miles S. W.
from Halifax. [Haliburton's II(ft. Nov.
Scot, i : 141.]

'^'■"^ The gut of Catifeait is the narrow
channel between Nova Scotia and Cape
Breton, from the Atlantic into North-
umberland Strait; averaging fcarcely
more than 2 miles in width, to a length
of 17 miles. Almofl: the whole length of
Nova Scotia lies between it and St.
John, — making it at leaft four and a
half degrees farther E. than that town.
The faying above, of the matters, that
" he had as good carry them to old
France, Sec," muft refer to their notion

that St. John was as full of enemies
as " Old France," and not to the ocean
didance; as is Ihown here by their rc-
lu(5tance even to crofs the Bay.

-"^» Chicgucilo Bay (^licaii Ihtjin) is
an inlet between Nova Scotia and New
Brunfwick, being the tapering northern
extremity of the Bay of Fundy. This
is two degrees farther E. than St.
John's, and a little farther north. The
fort, or fettlement, oi Beau Bajiii, which
Church was proceeding to attack, was
fituated at the extreme N. E. terminus
of the bay, and juft N. of the entrance
of the river La Planche, on nearly the
fame fpot where Fort Lawrence after-
ward (lood.

109

[9^ J

[92] ever Mr. John AUicn MalU;r of the Bri^antccn En-
deavour Pilottcd them up the Bay to Scnanaca\ and com-
\w^ to Gri)ijlou-\)o\\\\^^^^^ bein«jf not far from Scnaflaca', then
came too witli all the VelVels; and early next Morninpf
came to Sail, and about Sun-rife got into Town; but it
being fo late before we landed, that the Enemy moll of
them made their efcape, (and as it happen'd landed where
the French & Indians had fome time before killed Lieut.
yo/ih Painc^''^^ and leveral of Capt. Smith/ons'^'^ Men, that

'^•"' I know not how to explain tliis,
except it rclcrs to ///<• r/c5 Mciilrs (Illc
of Grindllones, or MilKloncs), which is
laid down on Ciiarlevoix's Map of /Ira-
(iia, a few miles N. VV. of Hvau linjin,
and jiilt out of fij^ht from it round Cape
<ics Mariugoiiins (Mofquito I'oint).

*" I find no fatisfac'tory account of
this yohn Paine. Mr. Drake [cii. of
Church (1843), 328; cd. of Hubbard,
ii : 212] intimates that this may have
been the John Pain who had trouble
with the government in 1669, in the
matter of Thomas Dickinfon's murder
at Peiinacook in the previous fum-
mer, hy an Indian befide himfelf with
rum, which Pain had furnilhed to him
and others. But the records are per-
fetftly explicit on the point that that
man's name was " Thomas Pajne, late
trader amonjjf the Indians at Pcnnicookc
upon Merrimack river." This Lieut.
John may have been his fon. [A/w/i.
Col. Pec. iv: Part II. 428; Bouton's
Hifi. Concord, N.H. zS-\

232 I am equally unfortunate with
regard to Capt. Smithfon. The name

is a very uncommon one in early New-
Kngland annals. It docs not appear in
Savage's omnivorous pages ; nor in the
crowded indexes of the 20 vols, of the
N, Ii. I/i/l. and Grii. liegij}er, except
as the name of a pairengcr to Virginia
in 1635 ; nor in thofe of the 43 vols, of
the Collections and Proceedings of the
Mafs. I lift. Society; nor in that of
Drake's Founders of New England ;
nor in the lift of freemen of Mafs. ; nor
in the indexes of the Mafs. Col. Rec-
ords ; nor in the lift of the freemen of
Plymouth Colony, or the indexes of its
records; nor in thofe of the records of
the Colonies of Rhode Illand, Con-
necticut, and New Haven. Under thefe
circumftances I have little doubt that
the name is a miftake for another —
what, I have no ufeful conjecture. Nor
can I luggeft in what (kirmilh thefe
li.'es had been loft, unlets it were con-
nected with Sir William Phips's Expe-
dition in 1690, when he feems to have
vifited Beau Bafin. [ Haliburton's
Hifl. Nov. Scot, i : 77 ; Hutchin-
fon's Hi/l. Mafs. i : 353.]

[9i]

was with faid Paine) They I'cciiif^ our Forces coming
took the opportunity, fired fevcral Guns, and lb run all
into the Woods, carryed all or mod part of their "^^oods
with them. One "jfarman Bn'iioivay'^^'^ came runnin_L( to-
wards our Forces with a Gun in one hand, and his Car-
trid<jf-l)ox in the other, callin<j^ to our Forces to Hop that
he mi;L;ht Ipeak with them; but Maj. Chiinh thinkin*; it
was that they mi^dit have (bme advanta«,M\ ordered them
to run on; when the faid /)V/V/;'7t:/rt'j fa w they would not
ftop, turn'd and run, but the Major calTd unto him, and
bid him flop, or he fhould be (hot down; fomc of our
Foiccs being near to the faid Brids^zvay^ faid it was the
General that call'd to him: he hearing that, ftop'd and
turn'd about, laying down his Gun, flood, till the Major
came up to him, his defire was that the Commander would
make hafle with him to his houfe, left the Salvages'"''
fhould kill his Father and Mother, who were upward of
fourfcore Years of Age, and could not go. The Major
ask'd the faid Bridgivay whither there was any Indians
amongft them/ and where they liv'd? he fhak'd his head,
and faid, he durft not tell, for if he did chey would take an
opportunity and kill him and his: fo all that could be got
out of him was, that they were run into the Woods with

233 "The Englifli purfued, and foon refpedlable Acadians." [//{/?. Nov.

met Bourgeois (Church calls him Scot, i : 77.]

Bridg/wrtw) a principal inhabitant, com- -^* That is, Church's Indians, —

ing to alk quarter for himfelf and fam- among whom probably were ftill fome

ily." [Hutchinfon's ////?. A/<//5. ii : 92.] of thofe faithful old Saconets Vi\\o h^di

Haliburton calls him " one of the mod followed him on fo many war-paths.

-- - -..•.- -^--' * III

[ 93 ]

the reft. Then orders were given to purfue the Enemy,
and to kill what Indians they could find, and take the
French alive, and give them quarter, if they ask'd it. Our
Forces foon took three French Men, who upon examina-
tion faid. That the Indians were all run into the woods.
The French firing feveral Guns at our Forces, and ours at
them; but they being better acquainted with the woods
than ours, got away. The Major took the above faid
yarman Bridgway for a Pilot, and with fome of his Forces
went over a River,^^ to feveral of their houfcs, but the
People were gone and carryed their goods with them: In
ranging the woods found feveral Indian-houfes, their fires
being juft out, but no Indians. Spending that day in
ranging to & fro, found confiderable of their goods, and
but few People; at Night the Major writ a Letter, and
fent out two French Prifoners, wherein was fignifyed.
That if they would come in, they fhould have good quar-
ters. The next day feveral come in, which did belong to
that part of the Town where our Forces firft landed, who
had encouragements given them by our Commander, That
if they would affift him in taking thofe Indians which be-
long'd to thofe parts, they fhould have their goods return'd
to them again, and their Eftates fhould not be damnify'd;^^
which they refufed. Then the Major and his [93] Forces
purfued their defign and went further ranging their Coun-

235 Probably the 3//yrtya^ ; and the 236 "Damnified — to do damage to."

houfes were, moft likely, where was — Bailey. " That the Commonwealth
afterwards Fort Cumberland. of learning be not </a»j»/y?e<f." — Milton.

112

[93 J

try, found feveral more houfes, but the People fled, and
carried what they had away; but in a Crick ^" found a
prize Bark that was brought in there by a French Priva-
teer: in ranging the woods took fome Prifoners, who upon
examination gave our Commander an account tliat there
was fome Indians upon a Neck of Land towards Menes\^^^
fo a party of Men was fent into thofe woods, and in their
ranging about the faid Neck found fom.e Plundci,, and a
confiderable quantity oi Hurtlcburies, both green and dry,
which were gathered by the Indians^ and had Hke to have
taken two Indians^ who by the help of a birch Canoo got
over the River ^^ and made their efcape. Alfo they found
two Barrels of Powder, and near half a bufhel of Bullets;
the French denying it to be theirs, faid they were the Sal-
vages; but lure it might be a fupply for our Enemies: Alfo
they took from yarman Bridgway feveral Barrels of Pow-
der, with Bullets, Shot, Spears and Knives, and other fup-
plies to relieve our Enemies; he owning that he had been
a Trading with thofe Indians along Cape Sable Shore, with
Peter AJpnow^ «&;c. in a Sloop our Forces took from him;
and that there he met with the French Ships, and went
along with them to St. yokfi's, and helped them to unload
the faid Ships and carryed up the River Provifions, Am-

237 The mouth of Tantamar river, Beau Bajin; and the neck was that
or the Mcmramcook ? which terminated in Cape Chicgncdo,

238 Lcs Mines was the name of the now known as Cumberland.

firft bay running into tlie interior of ''"*" Riviere atix Pommes : now Apple

Acadia, from the Bay of Fundy W. of River?

tS "3

L 93 ]

munition, and other goods to Vilboons ^^" Fort. The Major
having ranged all Places as was thought proper, returned
back to the place where they firft Landed, and finding
feveral Prifoners come in, who were much troubled to fee
their Cattel, Sheep, Hogs & Dogs lying dead about their
houfes, chop'd and hack'd with Hatches, (which was done
without order from the Major ^^^) however he told them.
It was nothing to what our poor EngliJJ: in our Frontier
Towns were forc'd to look upon, for Men, Women and
Children were chop'd and hack'd fo, and left half dead,
with all their Scalps taken of, and that they and their In-
dians ferved ours fo; and our Salvages would be glad to
ferve them fo too, if he would permit them; which caufed
them to be mighty lubmiffive, and beg'd the Major that he
would not let the Salvages ferve them fo. Our Indians
being fome what fenlible of the difcourfe, defired to have
fome of them to Roft, and fo make a dance; and dancing

2*0 The Chevalier Vi'llebon was {ent 23 others, iind ient to Bofton." [Charle-

over from France to take the govern- voix's ///]/?• Notiv. France; Halibur-

ment of Nova Scotia, fucceeding M. ton's Hijl. Nov. Scot, i : 77.]

Perot. He made his fort at the mouth 241 Charlevoijc fajs that our foldiers

of the St. John the rallying point of plundered the Acadians until Burgcois

French and Indians for their defcents produced a proclamation which had

upon the Englifli colonies. He partici- been given by Sir Wm. Phips, affuring

pated with D' Iberville in the capture of them of protecition fo long as they re-

Pe;«ffy?</^, and was now back at his fort. mained faithful to King William; and

Charlevoix makes the miftake of con- that Church, being made acquainted

founding him with Villeau (fee note with it, refpecited it, and ordered his

194, ante), and fo reprefents him as foldiers to do the fame, who however,

having been captured and releafed by he adds, fVill " condutited themfelves

the Englilh. Haliburton copies the as if they had been in a conquered

blunder, faying he " was captured with country." \_HiJi. Nouv. France.]

[94]

in a hideous manner to terrify them, faid, That they could
eat any fort of flcfti, and that fome of theirs would make
their hearts flrong: ftepping up to fome of the Prifoners,
faid, They muft have their Scalps, which much terrifyed
the poor Prifoners, who beg'd for their lives. The Major
told them he did not defign the Salvages fhould hurt
them; but it was to let them fee a little what the poor
EngliJJi felt, faying, it was not their Scalps he wanted, but
the Salvages, for that he fliould get nothing by them; and
told them, That their Fathers the Fryers ^^^ and Govern-
ours incouraged their Salvages, and gave them Money to
Scalp our Englijlt^ notwithflanding they were with them;
which feveral of our EngliJIi there prefent did teflify to
their Faces, that their Fathers and Mothers were [94]
ferved fo in their fight. But the Major bid them tell their
Fathers the Fryers and the Governours, That if they ftill
perlifted and let their wretched Salvages kill & deflroy the
poor EngliJJt at that rate, he would come with fome hun-
dreds of Salvages, and let them loofe among them, who
would Kill, Scalp and carry away every French perfon in
all thofe parts, for they were the root from whence all the
branches came that hurt us; for the Indians could not do
us any harm, if they did not relieve and fupply them.
The French being fenfible of the Majors kindnefs to them,
kifs'd his hand, & was very thankful to him for his favour
to them in faving their lives ; owned that their Priefts was
at the taking of Pemaquid Fort, and were now gone to

^ — 242 The Acadians were bigoted Romanifts.

[94]

Lay hone ~^^ with fome of the Indians, to meet the French
Ships, but for what they would not tell. The Commander
with his Forces having done all the Service they could in
thofe parts, concluded to go to St. yokn^s River ^^'' to do
further Service for their King and Country, Embark'd all
on board their Tranfports,-^^ and having a fair wind foon
got to Monogcnejl^^'^ which lyes a little diftance from the
Mouth of St. John^^ River. Next Morning early the Ma-
jor with his Forces landed to fee what difcovery they
could make, Travel'd a crofs the woods, to the old Fort
or Falls at the Mouth of St. John^ River, keeping them-
felves undifcovered from the Enemy; finding that there
were feveral Men at work, and having inform'd themfelves
as much as they could, (the Enemy being on the other
lide of the River, could not come at them) Returned
back, but Night coming on and dark wet Weather, with
bad Travelling, was oblig'd to Hop in the woods till to-
wards day next Morning, and then went ou board; foon
after the Major ordered all the VefTels to come to Sail,
and go into the Mouth of the River; being done, it was
not long before the Major and his Forces landed on the

'■^*>' La Have (fee note 227, ante.') 245 Hutchinfon fays they left ^eaw ^«-

2'4't The fcruples of thofe who thought Jin, 20 Sept., 1696. \_HiJi. Mafs. ii : 94.]

" he had as good carry them to old 246 jji^ ^g Mcnagonichc (given on

France " as to St. John, when they were Haliburton's Map as Meogenes) lies off

at Ptv/o/yco/', were probably removed by the fliore, a little W. of the entrance

finding that they would now be going of the river St. John, and of the fite of

near 150 miles toward home by repairing an old fort. The new fort, which Ville-

thither. It feems to have made a great bon was building, was on the other (E.)

difference in the valor of fome of the par- fide of the river, juft above the IJle aux

ty, whether they were heading E. orW. Perdraux (now Partridge \.)

116

[94]

Eaft licle of the River, the French firin<>' briskly at them,
but did them no harm; and running fiercely upon the Ene-
my, they foon fled into the Woods. The Major ordered a
brisk party to run a crofs a Neck ^'^ to cut them oK fi"om
their Canoo's, which the day before they had made a dif-
covery of; fo the Commander with the reft ran dire6tly
towards the New Fort they were a building, not knowing
but they had fome Ordnance mounted. The Enemy run-
ning dire6lly to their Canoo's was met by our Forces, who
fired at them and kill'd one and wounded Corporal Cait-
ton^^^ who was taken, the reft threw down what they had
and ran into the woods; the faid Prifoner Canton being
brought to the Major, told him, if he would let his Sur-
geon drefs his wound and cure him, he would be Service-
able to him as long as he liv'd: fo being drefs'd, he was
Examin'd: who gave the Major an account of the Twelve
great Guns which were hid in the beach below high wa-
ter Mark (the Carriges, Shot and Wheelbarrows, fome
Flower & Pork, all hid in the Woods:) And the next
Morning the Officers being all ordered to meet together,
to confult about going up the River to Vilboons Fort,

Q19

^^T The neck, apparently, between the at the Gemfcc. Ilaliburton gives the

St. John and the Riviere de Cani- following paper, which defcribes mi-

icc^/5 (Ilaliburton gives it Kenncbeck- niitely its condition in 1670; and which

q/ts), the firft Eaitern confluent of the may be worth the fpace it will occupy as

former above its mouth. hinting the fafhion of thefe Indian forts,

248 It would be a hopelefs tafk to con- and their fittings in the earlier days :
jei5ture what French name Wes jterdii "Inventory. — i. At the entering in

under this cognomen. of faid Fort, on the left hand we found

'•^■*'' The fort which was the headquar- a court of guard about 15 paces long,

ters of Villebon was up the St. John and lo broad, having, upon the right

117

[95]

and none amongft them being acquainted [95] but the
Aldcns^ who faid the Water in the River was very low;
fo that they could not get up to the Fort, and the Prifoner
Canton told the Commander, That what the Aldens faid
was true. So not being willing to make a Canada Expe-
dition,^^" concluded it was not pra6licable to proceed.
Then ordered fome of the Forces to get the great Guns on
board the open Sloops, and the reft to rang the woods for
the Enemy, who took one Prifoner, and brought in; who
in their ranging found there a Shallop haul'd into a Crick,
and a day or two after there came in a Young Souldier to
our Forces, who upon examination gave an account of

hand a houfe of the like length and
breadth, built with hewn ftone and cov-
ered with (liingles, and above them
there is a chapel of about 6 paces long
and 4 paces broad ; covered with fliin-
gles and built with terras, upon which
there is a fmall turret, wherein there is
a little bell, weighing about i8 lbs.

*' 2. Upon the left hand as we entered
into the Court, there is a magazine, hav-
ing 2 ftories built with ftone, and cov-
ered with Ihingles, being in length
about 36 paces long, and 10 in breadth ;
which magazine is very old and wanted
much repair; under which is a little
cellar, in which there is a well ; and
upon the other fide of faid court, being
on the right hand, there is a houfe of
the fame length and breadth the maga-
zine is, being half covered with fliin-
gles, and the reft uncovered and
wanting much repair; upon the ram-
parts of the faid fort are 12 iron guns,
weighing in all 21,122 lbs.

"3. We do find in the faid fort 6
murtherers, without Chambers, weigh-
ing 1200 lbs.

"4. 200 iron bullets, from 3 to 8 lbs.
" 5. About 30 or 40 paces from the
faid fort, there is a fmall outhoufe,
being about 20 paces in length, and 8 in
breadth ; built with planks and half
covered with ftiingles, which do not
ferve for any ufe but to houfe cattle.

"6. About 50 paces from faid out-
houfe there is a fquare garden, enclofed
with rails, in which garden there are
50 or 60 trees bearing fruit.
" Signed,

Le Chevalier de Grand Fontainb.
Jean Maillard.
Richard Walker.
Isaac Garner.

Marshall, Sec'y.''''
[Haliburton's Hijl. Nov. Scot, i : 66.]

'^^ Sir William Phips's attack upon
Canada had inglorioufly failed in 1690,
partly becaufe of the latenefs of the
feafon at which it was undertaken, and

i>¥8

[95]

two more which he left in the woods at fome cUftance; Co
immediately the Major with fome of his Forces went in
purfuit of them, taking the faid Prifoner with them, who
convey'd them to the place where he left them, but they
were gone. Then ask'd the Prifoner, Whither there were
any Indians in thofe parts ? Said, No, it was as hard for
Vilboon their Governour to get an Indiari down to the
water fide, as it was for him to carry one of thofe great
Guns upon his back to his Fort: for they having had In-
telligence by a Prifoner out of BoJlo7i Goal,~'^^ that gave
them an account of Maj. Church and his Forces coming
out againft them. Now having with a great deal of pains
and trouble got all the Guns, Shot and other Stores aboard,
intended on our defign which we came out firft for, but
the Wind not ferving, the Commander fent out his Scouts
into the woods to feek for the Enemy, and four of our In-
dians come upon three French Men undifcovered, who
concluded that if the French fliould difcover them would
fire at them and might kill one or more of them, which to
prevent fired at the French, kill'd one and took the other
two Prifoners; and it happen'd that he who was kill'd was
Shanelere^^ the Chief Man there &c. The fame Day they
mended their Whale-boats, and the Shallop which they
took, fitting her to Row with Eight Oars, that fhe might
be helpful to their Profecuting their intended defign againft
the Enemy in their returning homewards. Then the

partly becaufe of its inherent weaknefs. be one of Villeau's men (fee note 195,
[Hutchinfon's Hifi. Mafs. i : 352-6.] ante).

251 There was hardly time for this to '^^'^ See note 248, ante. ■ — — . -

119

[96]

Commander orderitif^ all the Officers to come to^^cther,
Inform'd them of his intentions and ordered tliat no Veflels
fhould depart from the Fleet, but to attend the Motions of
their Commadore, as formerly, except they were parted
by Storms or thick Fogs, and if fo it fliould happen that
any did part, when they come to PaJ/aniaj7cady^~"^ fhould
flop there a while, for there they intended to Hop, and do
bufinefs with the help of their Boats againit the Enemy,
and if they mift that to ftop at Machias\^''^ which was the
next place he intended to Itop at, having an account by the
Prifoners taken. That Mr. Latcril'''^ was there a trading
with the Indians in that River: Incouraging them, laid.
He did not doubt but to have a good booty there; and if
they fhould pals thofe two places, be fure not to go pafl
Art:j/v;^6'-point,~''" but to flop there, till he came, and not to
depart thence in a Fortnight without his orders, having
great Service to do in and about Pcnobfcot^ &c. Then the
Major difcourfed with Capt. Brackit^'' Capt. HtmewcW^^
and Capt. Larkmg^''^ [96] (with their Lieutenants) Com-
manders of the Forces belonging to the Eaftward parts,
who were to difcourfe their Souldiers about their proceed-
ing, when they came to Penob/cot\ and the Major himfelf

'^^'^ The bay into which empties the fifth expedition, with his family, fome

St. Croix, the boundary between the of whom were reported to be drowned.

United States and the Britilh Provinces. '■^•'''' See note 225, ante.

'^^ The next port wedward. '^^"^ See note 120, ante,

'■^55 Probably the Frenchman who is -^'^ See note 157, ante.

twice refer-ed to fubfequently (on p. '■^^g There was a Samuel Larkin

109 of the original paging) as "old among the early inhabitants of Portf-

Lotriel" and as being captured in the mouth, N.H.

I30

L96]

was to difcoiirfe his India H'SouUVierSy and their Captains;
who with all the reft readily coniply'd. The projection
beinijf fueh, That when they came to Peiiohfcot the Com-
mander defign'd to take what Provifions could be Ipared
out of all the Sloops, and put on board the two Bri<ijan-
teens,-"" and to fend all the Sloops home witli fome of the
Officers and Men that wanted to be at home: and then
with thofe Forces afore-mentioned {to wit) the Eaftward
Men, and all the Indians^ and to take what Provifions and
Ammunition was needful, and to March with himfelf up
into the Pcnobfcot Country, in fearch for the Enemy, and if
poffible to take that Fort in Pcnobfcot Riv^er. Capt. Brackit
informing the Major, That when the water was low they
could waid over (which was at that time) the loweft that
had been known in a long time. And being there to rang
thro' that Country down to Pcmequid, where he intended
the two Briganteens fhould meet them; and from thence
taking more Provifions {viz.) Bread, Salt & Ammunition
fuitable (to fend thofe two Veflels home alfo) to travel
thro' the Country to Ncrigiwock^^^ and from thence to
Amcras cogcn-Yox\.^ and fo down where the Enemy us'd to
Plant, not doubting but that in all this Travel to meet
with many of the Enemy before they fhould get to Pi/ca-
taqua. All which intentions were very acceptable to the

260 '■^ Brigantine, — afm.ill, flat, open, point in the bend of the Kennebec op-
light veffel, going both with fails and pofite to the mouth of Sandy river,
oars, either for fighting or for giving where was the ancient feat of the Cuni-
chafe." — Bailey. bas Indians. [Williamfon's Hiji. Ale. i :

261 Norridge-wock (^Naratitfouaf) is a 467; Father Drtiillettes's Journal, 2t\o.'\

16 121

[96]

Forces that were to undertake it, who rcjoycinpf, faid,
They had lather go home by Land than by Water, pro-
vided their Commander went with tliem: (who to try their
fidelity) laid, lie was grown Ancient, and might fail tliem;
They all laid they would not leave him, and when he
could not Travel any further, they would carry him.
Having done what Service they could at and about the
Mouth of St. yo/ui's River, Relblved on their intended
defign; and the next Morning having but little Wind,
came all to Sail, the Wind coming againll them they put
into MnJhquaJIi, Cove,'^"'-^ and the next day the Wind Hill
being againfl them, the Major with part of his Forces
Landed, and imployed themfelves in ranging the Country
for the Enemy, but to no purpofe; and in the Night the
wind came pretty fair, and at 12 a Clock they came to
Sail, and had not been out long before they fpy'd three
Sail of VelTels; Expelling them to be French, fitted to
defend themfelves, fo coming near, hail'd them : who
found them to be a Man of War, the Province Galley,
and old Mr. Alden ^"^ in a Sloop, with more Forces, Col.
Hathro7te^^^ Commander. Maj. Church went aboard the

^^'^ The outlet o{ Riviere de Mcchecaf-
cor, the fecond ftream coming into the
bay W. of the St. John; which lialibur-
ton's map names Mufqualh river, —
which would feem to be a tranflation
of found rather than of fenfe.

263 See note 133, ante.

264 JoftH Hat home {Ha thorn, Haw-
thorne) was fon of William, of Salem ;
born 4. Aug., 1641; freeman, 1677;

Deputy, 1683 ; Afllftant or Counfellor,
1684-1712; Judge of Com. Pleas, 1692-
1702; Judge of Supreme Court, 1702-
15 ; Commiflioner to Eaflcrn Indians,
and Commander, 1696; refigned his
place on the bench on account of deaf-
nefs, 1712; died lo May, 1717, cet. 76.
He had five fons. [Savage's Gen.
Did. ii : 377 ; Walhburn's Judic. Hiji.
Mafs. 271.]

[97]

Commadorc, where Col. Hathroiic was, who gave him an
account of his Commiinon & Orders, and read them to
him. Then his Honour told Maj. Chunky that there was
a particular Order on board Capt. Southack'^^ for him:
which is as followeth. [97]

Sir, Bollon, September. 9///. 1696.

T T/y Majcjlics Ship Orford having; lately /iirpvizccl a
-^ ■'■ French Shallop with twenty three of the Soldiers
belonging to the Fort upon JohnV River in Nova-Scotia,
together zvith Villeau their Captain^ Providence feents to
enconraire the forming of an Expedition to attack that Fort,
and to difrefl and remove the Enemy from that Pofl, which
is the chief Scoiirce from, whence the mofl of our difaflers do
iffiie^ and alfo to favour with an opportunity for gaining out
of their ha?tds the Ordnance^ Artillery a7id other Warlike
Stores and Provifions lately fupplied to them from France,
for erefling a neiv Fort 7iear the Rivers mouthy whereby they
will be greatly flre^igthened^ and the reducitig of them rcn-
dred more difficult. I have therefore ordered a Detachment
of tivo new Companies confifling of about an Hundred Men

2<>5 Cyprian Southack was comman- rails, or otherwife, that people may not

der of the Province galley; was with be in danger." Valle}- acre was the hill

Church in his laft Ealtern Expedition, jufl; eaft of Beacon hill, occupying the

1704; and went to Canada in 1714 on fpace, nearly, of what is now Pember-

the Stoddard and Williams Expedition ; ton Square. Capt. Southack's hill

lived on Tremont Street, which then probably adjoined his houfe, >'hich

embraced only that portion now in- feems to have ftood not far from the

eluded between School and Howard prefent fite of the Albion. [Drake's

Streets; 19 0(5t., 1733, was warned to ////?. Bojl. i: 529, 539, 593; N. E.

secure "his hill near Valley acre, by Hijl. and Gen. Reg. v: 39.]

133

[97]

to joyn the Forces now with you for that Expedition^ and
have commijjiouated Lieut. Cotone/ ]ohn W-.iihovnc, one of
the Mcni()ers of His Majcfiies Council^ who is acquainted
with that River^ and in whofe courage and conduH I repofe
fpecial Trnfl, to take the chief command of the whole during
that Service^ beins; ivell affured that your good affeftiojis and
zeal for His Maje/lies Service will induce your ready com-
pliance and affiflance therein, which I hope will take v.p no
long time, and be of great benefit and advantage to thefe His
Maj flics Territories if it pleafe God to fucceed the fame.
B if ides its very probable to be the fare/l opportunity that can
be offered unto yotir felf and Men^ of doing Execution upon
the Indian Enemy and Rebels, zuho may reafonably be ex-
pelled to be draivn to the defence of that Fort. J have alfo
ordered His Majejlies Ship Arundel, and the Provi nee-
Gal ly to attend this Service.

Colonel riatiiorne will cofnmunicate unto you the contents
of his Commif/ion and InflruH ions received from my felffor
this Expeditio7i, which I expeft and order that your felf
Officers and Sou Idler s now tinder you yield obedience unto.
He is to advife ivith your felf and others in all weighty
attempts. Praying for a Bleffing from Heaven upo7i the
faid Enterprize, and that all engaged i7i the fame may be
under the fpecial Protection of the Almighty. I am your
Loving Friend, Wm. STOUGFITON.

The Major having read his laft Orders, and confidering
his CommiHion, found that he was oblig'd to attend, All

I 98]

Orders^ &c. was much conccrnM that he and his were
prevented in their intended projei^tion, if carryed back to
St. yohn\. Tlien dircourfmjj^ with Col. Ilathornc^ ^avc
him an account of what they liad done at St. yo/in\^ viz.
Tliat as to the demoHlhin<j^ tlic New Fort tliey had done
it, and got all their great Guns and Stores aboard their
Velfels; and that if it had not been that the waters were
fo low would have taken the Fort up the River alfo before
he came away. Told him alfo that one of the Prifoners
which he had taken at St. yo/ms, upon examination con-
cerning the Indians in thofe parts, told him, it was as hard
for Vilboon their Governour to get one of their Indiajis
down to the water fide, as to carry one of thofe great Guns
upon his back: and that they had an account of him and
his Forces coming to thofe parts by a Prifoner out of
Bojlon Goal. Alfo [98 1 told his Honour, That if they
went back it would wholly difappoint them of their doing
any further Service, which was that they came for to
Penobfcot^ and Places Adjacent; but all was to no purpofe
his Honour telling the Major that he mufl attend his Or-
ders then received. And to incourage the Officers and
Souldiers, told them. They fhould be wholly at the Majors
Ordering & Command in the whole a6tion: (and to be
fhort did go back) and the event may be feen in Col.
Hat/iron'^ Journal of the faid a6lion.^''" Only I mufl ob-

"^^ Church fpeaks as if Ilathorn's of the Cold Sea/on so difcouraged our

Journal were public property ; but I iiave Men, that after tiie niaiiing of fome few

not been able to find it. Mather fums Shot, the Enterprize found itfelf under

up the iflue thus : " But the Difficulty too much Congelation to proceed any

125

[98]

ferve one thing by the way, which was, That when they
drew off to come down the River again. Col. Hathorne
came off and left the Major behind to fee that all the
Forces were drawn off; and coming down the River in or
near the Rear, in the Night heard a perfon hollow, not
knowing at firft but that it might be a fnare to draw
them into; but upon confideration fent to fee who or what
he was, found him to be a Negro man belonging to Mar-
blehead^ that had been taken, and kept a Prifoner amongft
them for fome time. The Major ask'd him, Whither he
could give any account of the Indians in thofe parts? He
faid. Yes, they were or had been all drawn off from the
Sea Coafl up into the Woods near a hundred Miles having
had an account by a Prifoner out of Bojlon Goal; that
Maj. Church and his Forces were coming out againft them

further." {^Magnalia, Book VII : 90.]
Hutchinfon fays, " Villebon had timely
notice of the return and re-enforcement,
and made the beft preparations he could
for his defence. Four of the fmall vefTels
went up the river, and landed their
men near the fort, Odlober the 7th.
They railed a battery for two field
pieces, and began to fire with them and
with their mufketry the fame day;
and the French made return. When
night came on, which proved very cold,
the Englifli lighted their fires to keep
them from perifliing. This made them
a mark for the French cannon, which
difturbed them to that degree that they
were obliged to put out their fires, and
to be expofed all night to the inclem-

ency of the weather. They were soon
difcouraged, for the next night they
re-embarked ; and having joined thofe
at the mouth of the river, made the
beft of their way to Bofton. No notice
was taken of any lofs on either fide,
except the burning a few of the ene-
my's houfes ; nor is any fufiicient reafon
given for relinquilTiing ihe defign fo
fuddenly.

It is probable that the forces were
not provided with tents nor cloathing
fufiicient to defend them from the cold,
which they had reafon to expeft to
increafe every day, and it is certain the
old Colonel Church was offended at
being fuperfeded in command." \_HiJi.
MaJ's. ii : 94.]

126

[ 98 1

in four Briganteens, & four Sloops, with 24 Peraougers,''^"'''
meaning Whale-boats, which put them into a fright, that
notwithftanding they were fo far up in the Woods were
afraid to make fires by Day left he and his Forces fhould
difcover the Smokes, and in the Night left they ftiould fee
the light. One thing more I would juft give a hint of,
that is. How the French in the Eaftward parts were much
furpriz'd at the motion of the Whale boats; faid. There
was no abiding for them in that Country: and I have been
inform'd fince, that foon after this Expedition, they drew
off from St. yohnh Fort & River But to return. Then
going all down the River, Embark'd and went homeward;
only by the way Candid Reader, I would let you know of
two things that proved very prejudicial to Major Church
and his Forces: The tirft was. That the Government
fliould mifs it fo much as to fend any Prifoner away from
Bq/lon before the Expedition was over. Secondly, That
they ftiould fend Col. Hathrone to take them from the
Service & bulinefs they went to do: Who with fubmiflion,
doubtlefs thought they did for the beft, tho' it prov'd to
the contrary. So fhall wind up with juft a hint of what
happen'd at their coming home to Bojlon. After all their
hard Service both Night & Day, the Government took
away all the great Guns, and Warlike Stores, and gave
them not a Peny for them, (except it was fome Powder,
and that they gave what they pleas'd for it) and befide
the Aflembly paft a Vote that they fliould have but half

267 /J/yo^g^ boat of favages. — Spiers and Surenne.

127

[99]

pay. But his Honour the Lieut. Governour ^^ being much
difturb'd at their fo doing went in to the Town-Houfe
where the Reprefentatives were fitting, and told them
except they did Re-affume that Vote, which was to cut
Maj. Clmrch [99] and his Forces off half their pay, they
fhould fit there till the next Spring. Whereupon it was
Re-aflumed: So that they had jufl; their bare Wages. But
as yet never had any Allowance for the great Guns and
Stores; neither has Maj Church had any Allowance for all
his Travel and great Expences in Raifing the faid Forces
Volunteers.

The Fifth and Laft Expedition, Eaju

IN the Year 1703, 4. Major Omrch had an account of
the miferable Deveflations made on Deerfield^'^ a Town
in the Wefi;ward parts of this Province, and the horrible
Barbarities & Cruelties exercifed on thofe poor Innocent
People, (by the French & Indians) efpecially of their
Cruelties towards that worthy Gentlewoman Mrs. Wil-
liams^''^ and feveral others, whom they March'd in that

268 Lieut. Gov. William Stoughton. and of the flain — 8 or 9 of each —

See note 191, ante.

269 Deerfield was deflroyed 29 Feb.,
170I; 38 were flain in the palifaded
village and 9 in the meadow fight; and
112 were taken, of whom 2 foon efcaped,
22 were flain or periflied on their waj' to
Canada, 28 remained in Canada, and
60 returned. A few of the captives

belonged to other towns. [ Judd's Hijl.
Hadley, 272.] Church probably had
forgotten the exativ fequence of events
when didlating this, as his letter to
Gov. Dudley is dated 5 Feb., 170I — 24
days before Deerfield fell.

270 Mrs. Eunice Williams was daugh-
ter of Rev. Eleazer Mather of North-

taa

[99]

extream Seafon; forcing them to carry great loads, and
when any of them by their hard ufage could not bare with
it, were knock'd on the head, and fo kill'd in cool Bloud.
All which with fome other horrible Inftances done by
thofe Barbarous Salvages, wuich Maj. Church himfclf was
an eye witnefs to in his former Travels in the Eaftward
parts, did much aflonifh him. To fee a Woman that thofe
Barbarous vSalvagcs had taken and kilPd, expofed in a
moft bruitifh manner (as can be exprefs'd) with a Young
Child feiz'd faft with firings to her brcafl; which Infant
had no apparent wound, which doubtlefs was left alive to
fuck its dead Mothers Breall, and fo miferably to perifh &
dye. Alio to fee other poor Children hanging upon
Fences dead, of either Sex, in their own poor Rags, not
worth their Itripping them of, in fcorn and derilion.
Another Inftance was, of a Itraggling Souldier, who was
found at Cafco^ expos'd in a fhameful and barbarous man-
ner; his body being flaked up, his head cut oft', and a hogs
head fet in the room, his oody rip'd up, and his heart and
inwards taken out, and private Members cut off", and hung
with belts of their own, the inwards at one fide of his
body, and his private at the other, in fcorn & derifion of
the Englijli Souldiers, &€. Thefe and fuch like Bar-
barities caufed Major Chtirch to exprefs himfelf to this

ampton, and wife of Rev. John Wil- murdered on the road to Canada on the
Hams of Deerfield (who was fon of Dea. fecond day's march by her Indian cap-
Samuel, of Roxbury, who was eldeft tor. [Savage's Gen. Di6i. iv : 563;
fon of Robert); was married 21 July, Holland's Hijl. Wcji. Ma/s. i: 153;
1687; taken captive, 29 Feb., 170I ; was Hoyt's Antiq. Re/earches, 190.]

17 "9

purpofo, That if he were Commander in Chief of thefe Prov-
inces, he would foon put an end to thofe barbarities done
by the Barbarous Enemy, by making it his whole bufmefs
to fight and deftroy thofe Salvages, as they did our poor
Neighbours; which doubtlefs might have been done if
rightly managed, and that in a fliort time &"€. So that
thefe with the late Inhumanities done upon the Inhabitants
q{ Dcerficld^ made fuch an Impreffion on his heart as can-
not well be expreflcd; fo that his Bloud boyl'd within him,
making fuch Impulfes on his Mind, that he forgot all for-
mer treatments, which were enough to hinder any Man
efpecially the faid Maj. Church from doing any further
Service. Notwithflanding [ioo| all which, having a mind
to take fome Satisfaction on the Enemy, his heart being
full. Took his Horfe & went from his own Habitation
near Seventy Miles,^"^ to wait upon his Excellency, and
offered his Service to the Queen, his Excellency & the
Country; which his Excellency readily accepted of, and
defired Maj. CJmrch to draw a Scheme for the infuing
a6tion or a6lions; fo taking leave, went home, and drew
it: which is as followeth.

2''l Church was now in the lart: year
of his refidence at Fall River (then
Tiverton). [Part I. xxxiii.] This is
by the prefcnt direit route fearcely more
than 51 miles from Bofton ; and the
more circuitous roads then exiflinj^
could hardly bring it up to 70. I think
Col. Church, when dictating this para-

graph, forgot that he had not, at the
date here referred to, removed, as he
did fo foon after, back to Little Comp-
ton ; or the Governor might have
been abfent from Bofton fifteen or
twenty miles northward, at that time,
fo as to have lengthened his journey
by that much.

130

[ too]

Tiverton, February 5. 1703, 4.
May it pleafe your Excellency,

A Ccording to your requc/l zvhcn I ivas lajl with your
■^ ^ Self ; and in obedience t/iereunto, I prcfcnt yon tvith
thefe folloiving lines ^ that co7tcern the preparation for next
Springs Expedition^ to Attack the Enemy. According to
my former Direilio7i^for it is good to have a full Jlroke at
them firfl, before they have opportunity to Run for it, for
the firfl of 07ir afiion zuill be our opportunity to deflroy them,
and to prevent their rimning away, in way-laying every p af-
fage\ and make them knoiv we are in good earncfi, and fo
we being ifi a diligent ufe of means, zve may hope for a bleff-
ing from the Almighty, and that He will be plea fed to put a
dread in their hearts, that they may fall before us and perifJi :
For my advice is,

I ft. That Ten or Twelve htmdred good able Souldiers,

well equip'' d be in a readinefs fit for aflion by the firfl of

April at the furthefi, for then will be time to be iipon aHion.

2ly. That five & forty or fifty good Whale-boats be had

ready, well fitted, with five good Oars, and 12 or \^ good

Paddles to every Boat'. And upoji the WaiP'~ of each Boat

five pieces of firong Leather be fafieiied on each fide to fiip

five fmall Afii bars thro', that fo when ever they land the

Men may fiep over-board, & fiip in faid bars a-crofs, and

take tip faid Boat, that fiie may not be hurt agaiiifl^w-.

Rocks. And that two fuitable Brafi Kittles be provided to

'■^''2 The xvale is the plank that rims and giving ftrength to its curves. —
the outlide of the boat, ftiffcning it, Totten.

«3*

[ lOO ]

brlong to each Boat, to drcfs the Metis Visuals in^ to make
their Lives comfortable.

3ly. TJiat \ or 50 pair of good Indian Shoes be made
ready, fit for the Service, for the Englifh & Indians, that
mnfl improve the Whale-boats, and Birch Canoo''s, for they
will be very proper, and fafe for that Service j and let there
be a good Store of Cow Hides, well TantCd, for a fupply of
fuch Shoes; and Hemp to make Thread, and Wax, to mend
& make more of fuch Shoes, when wanted, and a good flore
of A IV Is.

4ly. That there be a 100 large Hatchcs^'^ or light Axes
made pretty broad, & fleeted luith the befl Steel Jhat can be
got, and made by zuorktncn, that may cut very well, and hold,
that the Hemlock knots may not brake nor turn them', to
widden the landing places up tht Falls, for it may happefi
that we may get tip with fome of our Whale-boats to their
Falls or Head-quarters.

5ly. That there be a fuitable quantity of f mall Bags, or
Wallets provided, that every Man that zvants may have one,
to put up his Bullets in, of fuch afize as will fit his Gun,
{and not ferved as at Calco.^^^) That every Mans bag be
fo Marked that he may not change it : for if fo, it will inake
a great confufion in aflion; that every Mans fiore dfBall be
weighed to him, that fo he may be accountable, & may not
fquander it away; and alfo his flore of Powder, that fo he

'273 Our word "hatchet" comes from he wanted to defcribe, fo that this is
the diminutive of tlie French hache, not a milprint for " hatchets," but the
a little axe. Very likelj Chuj«t4i"'iried plural oi'\hc FrenciC - -^ — ->-^
the common Canadian name for what '^"^^ See p. 2X, ante.

'' ' ' -■ -• - - -- -i3t ' - -- - -- . ^ . --- -

[lOl]

may try his Powder & Gtin be \\o\\ fore a/?ion. And
that every particular Compatiy f?iay have a Barrel of Pozv-
der to themfelves, and fo marked, that it by no means may be
changed; that men may know before hand, a7id may not be
cheated out of their Lives, by having bad Powder; Or not
knowing hozv to nfe it : and this zvill prove a great advan-
tage to the aft ion.

61y. That Col John Gorham, if he may be prevailed zuith
may be concerned in the management of the Whale-boats, he
having been form'irly concerned in the Eaftcrn Parts, and
experienced in that affair. And Whale-men them will be
very fervic cable in this Expedition, zuhich having a promife
made to them, that they ffiall be rcleafed in good feafon to go
home a Whaling in the Pall] your Excellency will have men
enough.

7ly. That there may be raifed for this Service 300 Indians
at leafl, & more if they may be had; for I hioiv certainly of
my own knozu ledge, that they exceed mofl of our Englifh in
hunting & fculking in the woods, being always 21s'' d to it;
and it mii/l be pra^lifed if ever we i^itend to dcflroy thofe
Indian Enemies.

Sly. That the Souldiers already out Eaftward in the Ser-
vice; By men of known jtidgment may take a furvey of them
and their Arms ; a7id fee if their Arms be good, and that they
know how to nfe them, in ffiootting right at a Mark; and that
they be me^i of good Rcafon & Sencc, to knozv how to manage
themfelves in fo difficult a piece of Service, as this Indian
hunting is; for bad men are but a clogg a^id hindrance to
^ . 133

[lOl]

an Army^ beins; a trouble and vexation to good Commanders^
and fo many Mouths to devour the Cou7itries ProviJio7i, and
a hindrance to all good aflion.

9ly. That fpccial care be had in taking up the whale-boats^
that they be good and Jit for that Service^ that fo the Cou7i-
t>y be not cheated^ as formerly^ in havi7ig rotten-Boats; and
as much care that the Owners may have good fatisfaflioii for
tJiem.

lol}'. That the Tenders or Tranfports^ Veffels to be im-
proved in this an.io7i be good DecISd Veffels, 7iot too big,
bccaufe of going np feveral Rivers; havi7ig /\. or 6 fmall
Guns a-piece for defence, a7id the fewer A[c7i zvill dcfe7id
them, /hid thej'e is e7iough fuch Veffels to be had.

Illy. To conclude all, If your Excelle7icy zvill be pleafed
to 77iake yotir Self Gj'cat ajid us a happy People, as to the
defl7'oyi7ig of 07ir Enemies, a7id eafuig of our Taxes, &c. be
pleafed to drazo forth all thofe Forces noiv i7i Pay in all the
Eaflivard Parts, both at Saco & Calco-Bay; for thofe two
Tradi7ig-Houfes 7iever did a7iy good, nor 7iever will, a7id are
not worthy the name of Qiieens Forts; a7id thef7fi btiilding
of the77i, had no other Effect, but to lay us trnder Tribiite to
that zvrcached Paga7i Crezv; a7ui I hope will never be
wa7ited, for that they were firfl btiilt for: but fire it is, they
are very ferviceable to thcTn, for they get many a good ad-
va7itage 'of us to dcflroy our Me7t, a7id laugh at us for our
f'^Hy, that we fJiould he^at fo miuh cofl & trouble to do a
tlmig that does us fo much harm, a7id 7io manner of good :
but to the co7itrary, when they fee all our Forces drawn

134

[I02]

forth,, a7id in the pur/nit of than^ They witl think that wc
bei^in to be roiized np and ti be awake^ and luill not be fatis-
fied luitk what they have plea id to leave us, but are refolved to
Retake from them, that they formerly took from ns, and drive
them out of their Coicntry alfo. The luhieh being done, then
to build a Fort at a fuitable time and in a convenient place;
and it [102] %vill be very honourable to your Excellency & of
great Service to Her Majcjly, Cf to the crilargemcnt of her
Majejlys Government: {The Place meant being at Port
Royal.)

I2ly. That the objeflion made againfl drawing off the
Forces in the Eaihvard Parts zuill be no damar^c to the in-
habitants; for former Experience teacheth us, that fa foon
as drawn into their Country they will prcfently forfake ours
to take care of their oivn\ And that there be no failure in
making preparation of thefe things afore-mentioned, for
many times the luant of f ma I I things, prevent the compleat-
ing of great Anions', and that every thing be in a rcadincfs
before the Forces be raifed, to prevent Charges; and the
Enemy havi^ig Intelligence', And that the Geiwral Court be
moved to make fuitable Afls, for the incouraging both Eng-
lifh & Indians; that fo men of bufincfe may freely offer
Eflates and Concerns to Serve the Publick.

This hopi^ig what I have taken the pains to Write in the
fincerity of my heart and good affection, will be ivell ac-
cepted; I make bold to fubfcribe, as I am your Excellency s
moft Devoted and Htimblc Servant,

Benjamin Church.
135

L.O.J

TIkmi rcturnin*,' U) his Kxccllcncy prcl'cntcd the (hid
Scheme, which his Excellency npprov'd of; and ictnnrd
it '.v^iun to Maj. Chunk and dcfncd him to Tec that every
thin«; was provided tellins^ him that he flionld have an
Order from the CommiHary General to proceed. Then
returned home and ina.de it his whole buhnefs to provide
Oars and Paddles and a Velfel to carry them round; and
then return'd a<i;ain to his Excellency, who gave him a
Commiilion: which is as folio weth.

JOSEPH DUDLEY Efq;-'' Ca/>/aiu General and
Governour in Chief in and over Her JMajcJlys Prov-
inces of Ihe Mallachufetts-l-Jay & New-IIampfhire in
New-En<i^land in America, and Vice Admiral of Ihe
fame.

To Benjamin Church Efqr\ Greeting,

' II) Y Virtue of the Power & Authority in & by her
-*-^ ' ]\I jelly's Ro3'al Commiilion to me <T^ranted I do by

* thefe prefents, Repofnig fpecial Truft and Confidence in

* your Loyalty, Couracje and good Condu6t, Conftitute and

* Appoint you to be Colonel of all the Forces railed and to

2'"' yofeph Dudley was fon of Gov. Illc of Wight eight years ; came home

Thomas, of Roxbury ; freeman, 1672; 1702, as Governor of Mafs. Col., whicli

Deputy, 1673-5; Artillery Comjiany, place he filled until Nov. 1715; died

1677; Aflifiant, 1676-85; went to L"ng- 3 April, 1720. Ili.s wife was Rebecca,

land in 16S2 ; Prefident of the Colonies dau. of Edward Tyng; they had

of Mafs. and N. Ilamp., 16S6; was of Thomas, Edward, Jofeph, Paul, Sam-

Andros's Council, and Chief Jullice of uel, John, Rebecca, Catharine, Ann,

the unconflitutional Supreme Court; William, Daniel, Catharine, and Mary,

was imprifoned here ; went to England [Savage's Gen. Did. ii : 76; N. E.

in 1689; was Deputy Governor of the Hijl. and Gen. Reg. i : 71.]

136

1 1^.3 1

' be railed for Ilcr Majeflv's Service ajLjaiiill the French &
' Indian ICiiemy and Rebels, that Ihall be iiiijiroved in the

* Service to the Eajlward of Cafco-Ihiy; And to be Cap-
' tain of the firft Company of the laid Forces. You arc

* therefore carefully and diligently to perform the Duty of

* a Colonel and Cajitain, by I^eadinj^s ()rderin«j^ & Exer-

* cilin<^ the laid Kej^iment & Company in Arms, both In-

* feriour Officers c*v: wSouldiers; and to keep them in <jj()od
'Order and Difeipline. Hereby ccjmmandinLj them to
' Obey you is their Colonel and Captain; And with them

* to do and Execute all a(5ts of hollility a«,^'iinlt the laid
' Enemy & Rebels. And you arc to obfervc & follow
' fuch Orders and Dircdtions as you (hall receive from my
' Self or other your Superiour Officer, accordinu^ to the
' Rules & Difeipline of War, purfuant to the Trull repofed
' in you. Given under my Hand & Seal at Arms at Bojion
' the 1 8/,'/ day oi March. In the Third Year of Her Ma-
' jelly's Reign. Anno Dom. 1703, 4.

By his Excellency '^ Command^ If^nc Addington Seer.

y. DUDLEY. [103]

Col. Chnrch no Iboner received his Commiffion, but
proceeded to the railing of Men Volunteers, by going into
every Town witlnn the three Counties which was formerly
Plymouth Government j'-^'^' adviling with the Chief Officer

27U When Plymouth Colony was Accord Pond plantation [Abington]) ;
merged in Mairachuletts, in 1692, it /)V/y?d>/ County (includingTaunton, Rc-
compriled /Yi'wt)///// County (including hohoth, Dartmouth, Swanlea, Brirtol,
Plymouth, Duxbury, Scituate, Marlh- Little Compton, F'rcetown, and Pocaf-
field, Bridgewater, Middleborough, and fet [Tiverton]) ; and Banijiublv County
18 137

L 103 1

of each Company, to call his Company to<(cthcr, that fo he
might have the better opportunity to tlifcoirfc & incour-
a.i^e them to Serve their C^iecn and Country; treating
them with Drink convenient; told them he did not doubt
but with God's bleinng to bring them all home again; all
which, with many other arguments animated their hearts
to do Service, lb that Col. Cliurck enlilled out ol" lome
Companies near 20 Men, & others 15. He having railed
a Tuiricient number o( Etij^/iJJi Souldiers, proceeded to the
enlilling of Indians in all thofe parts where they dwelt,
which was a great lategue & expence; being a People
that need much treating, elpecially with Drink ^c. Hav-
ing enlilled tlic mofl of his Souldiers in thole parts, who
daily lay upon him; was not lels than 5 /. per day cx-
pences, fome days, in Victuals & Drink; who doubtlefs
thought (elpecially the Etiglijli) that the Country would
have re-imburll it again, otherwa3's they would hardly
accepted it of him. Col. Clnircli''^ Souldiers both Iinj^Ii/k
and Indians in thofe parts being raifed, March'd them all
down to Nantaskct^"''' according to his Excellency's direc-
tions; where being came, the following Gentlemen were
Commillionated to be Commanders of each particular Com-
pany, viz Lieut. Col. Gorham^ Captains John Brow7t,^^^

(including Barnflable, Sandwich, Yar- favorably fituatcd toward Boflon liar-

niouth, Eafthani, Rocheller, Falmouth, bor — of whofe entrance its Point Al-

Malbpee, and Monamoy or Chatham). lerton is one of the gatepofts — for the

[Baylies's Plyiii. Col. Part IV : 97.] embarkation of troops.

'^"^"^ Natitdjlxt WH& what is now Hull, ^''^ yo/in Broivn was ''approved as

acccflible by land over the neck which Captain of the town of Swanfcy, 4 June,

un'*^'''^ it to Hingham and Cohaffet, and 1686." S^Plym, Col. Bee. vi : 189.]

138

[io3]

Ciwjlaut C/nm'/ir James Coler John Dycr^' John Cook,
Caleb lVi7/inm/on'^'^ ix\u\ Jidward C7/wn7/,'^'*'' of the Forces
railed by Col. Church, each Company bein<,' tilled up with
JiHi^/i/h Sc Indians as they a<^reed anionic themfelves, and
by the Colonel's direc^tions; Capt. Lamb^'"^ and Capt.
Miriiks^^ Company, wiio were railed by his Excellency's
dire(^tion, were ordered to joyn thole aforclhid under the
Command of Col Church. Matters bein^ brought thus
far on, Col. Church waited upon his Kxcellency at Bojion
to know his pleafure, what I'urthcr mealures were to be
taken; and did humbly move that they mi<]fht have liberty
in their InllrucHions to make an Attack upon Port Royal '.^"^^
Being very well fatisfyed in his opinion, that with the
blelling of God, with what Forces they had or fliould
have; and Whale-boats fo well fitted with Oars & Pad-

2'" Sec references to his name in the
Index of Part I.

2*' y<imcs Coll! was admitted freeman
of Swanfea, 1682; Enlign, 16S6: Lieu-
tenant, 1689; Deputy, 1690. \_Plyiti.
Col. Jicc. vi : 86, 1S9, 223, 240.]

^fl I cannot certainly identify this
captain; nor Cook, next named.

'^^ Ciilcb Willidin/oii, of Barnftahle,
was perhaps fon of Timothy of Marlh-
field ; married Mary Cobb ; had Mary,
William, Timothy, Sarah, Ebenezer,
Mercy, and Martha. He removed to
Hartford, Conn., where he died 24 Dec,
1738, (Et. 87. [Savage's Gen. Did. iv :

572.]

•''»3 [See Part I. xliv.]

28* Col. Jojhua Lamb, fon of Thomas
of Roxbury, in 1713, one of the firft

proprietors of Lcicefter.'' [Barry's ////?.
Framini^hiim, 311; Walhbiirn's Ilijl.
Lciccftcy, y, 10. |

'2M There was an IJ'aac Min'ck, fon
of James of Newbury, who was now,
if alive, near 40 years old ; having been
born 6 Jan., 1665. [Cotfm's Jlijl. Nciu-
bury, T,io.^ This captain's name further
on is feen to have been Ifaac (p. 119,
orig. paging.)

286 Port Royal Avas a fort upon the
inlet of that name almolt due fouth
from the outlet of the St. John, acrofs
the Bay of Fundy, which is iicre fome
two leagues wide. It was named by
Dc Monts, and was exceedingly diffi-
cult of accefs becaufe of the narrownefs
of the mouth of the bay; only one
fhip being able to enter at. a time, and

139

[io4]

dies, as they had with them, might be fufficient to have
taken it. His Excellency (looking upon Col Churcli) re-
plyed. He could not admit of that, by reafon he had by the
advice of Her Majefty's Council writ to Her Majefly about
the taking of Port Royal Fort, and how it fhould be dif-
pofed of when taken, &c. However Col. Church pro-
ceeding to get every thing ready for the Foices down at
Nantasket^ which was the place of Parade. He happen-
ing one day to be at Capt. Belchers ^^"^ where his Excel-
lency happened to come; who was pleafed to order Col.
Church to put on his Sword, and walk with him up the
Common; which he readily complyed with: where being
come, he faw two Mortar pieces with Shells, and an In-
gineer trying with them, to throw a Shell from them to
any [104] fpot of ground where he faid c fhould fall:
Which when Col. Church had feen done, gave him great
incouragement & hopes that it would promote their going
\.o Port Roy al^yN\\\z\\. he had folicited for; and returning
from thence after they had feen them try'd by the faid
Ingineer, and performing what was propofed. Coming
near to Capt. William Clarks'^^^ -^^ovS^ over againft the

that ftern foremoft, and with great pre- 171? ■ He married Sarah, dau. of Jona-

cautions. [Champlain's Voyager,, 21; t.hi.n Gilbert, ofllaitibrd ; had Andrew,

Shea's Charlevoix, i : 253.] Deborah, Deborah, Mary, Ann, Mar-

•287 A/idretv Belcher (Part I. notes 52 tha, Elizabeth, and Jonathan, the

and 138) was fon of Andrew, of Su.l- Governor. He was a "very rich and

bury and Cambridge ; lived firft at leading man in the town." [Savage's

Hartford, then at Charleftown, and then Geti. Did. i : 156. Drake's Ilijl. Boji.

at Bofton ; freeman, 1677 ; of Com. of i : 539.]

Safety in the Andros Infurredlion ; '^^ William Clarke wa.?, "of North

Counfellor, 1703, to his death, 31 06t., Bofton" in 1699, and one of the peti-

140

[to4]

IIorfc-fhoe,~®^ his Excellency was invited by Capt. Clark
to walk over and take a Glafs of Wine; which he was
pleafed to accept of, and took Col. Church with him; and
in the time they were taking a Glafs of Wine, Col. Chtirch
once more prefumed to fay to his Excellency; Sir, I hope
that now we fhall go to Porl Royal in order to take it;
thofe Mortars being very fuitable for fuch an Enterprize.
His Excellency was pleas'd to reply; Col. Church you
muft fay no more of that matter, for the Letter I told you
of I writ by the advice of her Majefty's Council, now lyes
at home on the board before the Lords Commiffioners of
her Majefty's foraign Plantations, &'c. After fome days
every thing being ready to Embark, Col. Church received
his Inftru6tions: which are as followeth.

By his Excellency JOSEPH DUDLEY Efq; Captain
Geficral and Governour i^i Chief ijt and over Her
Majcjiys Provi^ice of the MalTachufetts-Bay, &c. in
New-England, and Vice Admiral of the fame.

jJnStKUCtiOUS fo'i' Colofiel Benjamin Church in the prefe^it

Expedition.
' TN Purfuance of the Commiffion given you to take the
■*■ * Chief Command of the Land and Sea Forces by me
' raifed, equipped and fet forth en Pier Majefties Service,

tioners for a bankrupt law "as in Church. [Drake's Hiji. Bojl. i: 518,

England"; conftable, 1700; 1711, a 521,540,567; iinovi's I/i/i. Boji. 220.']

"fearcher" for provifions for liovenden '■'*"* The "Horfe-flioe" was a tavern,

Walker's Canada fleet; 1722, was one believed to have been at the North

of the purchafers of pews in Chrift's End.

[I05]

againft her open declared Enemies the French^ and In-
dian Rebels. You are to Obferve the following. Inflruc-
tions.

* Firfl. You are to take care, That the duties of Reli-
gion be attended on board the feveral VeiTels, and in the
feveral Compan3''s under your Command, by daily Pray-
ers unto God, and Reading his holy word; And that the
Lords Day be obferved & duly San6tifyed to the utmofl
of your power, as far as the circumftances and the neccf-
fity of the Service can admit; that fo you may have the
prefence of God with, and obtain His Blefling on your
Undertaking.

* You are to take care. That your Souldiers have their
due allowance of Provilions & other neceffaries; That
their Arms be well fixt, and kept fit for Service, and that
they be furnifhed with a fuitable Quantity of Powder and
Ball, and be alwaves in readinefs to pafs upon duty.

'That good Order & Difcipline be maintained; And
all diforders, drunkennefs, prophane Swearing, Curfing,
OmilTion or negle6t of Duty, difobedience to Officers,
Mutiny, Defertion, and Sedition be duely punifhed ac-
cording to the Rules & Articles of War; The which you
are, once a Month or oftner, to caufe to be publifhed &
made known to your Officers and Souldiers for their
Obfervance & Dire6tion in their duty. Let notorious &
Capital Offenders be fent away to the next Garifons, there
to be Imprifoned until they can be proceeded with. [105]

' Let the Sick and wounded be carefully look'd after,

14a

['°5]

' and accommodated after the befl manner your circiim-

* ftances will admit of, and be fent either to Cafco Fort, or
'to Mr. Pcpcrcls'^''^^^ at Kittcry, which may be ealiefl, fo

* foon as you can.

* You arc forthwith to fend away the Forces & Stores

* by the Tranfports, with the Whale-boats to Pifcataqiia,
' on Kitlery Tide, there to attend your coming; whither

* you are to follow them with all 1-Cxpedition.

' You are to P>mbark on the Province Cjalley, Capt.

* Sonlhack Commander, And let Lieut Col. Gorham f(o on
' board Capt. Gallop ; '"'" who are both directed to attend your

* Motion on the J'rcnck fide; after which they arc to return.
' Let the Commanders of all the Store Sloops & Tranfports
' know that they Sail, Anchor and Serve at your dire(5tion.

' When you Sail from Pifcataqua, keep at fuch diftance

* off the Shoar, that you be not obferved by the Enemy to
' Alarm them. Stop at Monlinicus^''^^'^ and there Embark
' the Forces in the Whale-boats for the Main, to range
' that part of the Country, in fearch of the Enemy, to
' Mount Dc/art; fending the Veflels to meet you there;
' and after having refrefhed & recruited your Souldiers,

290 lyilliam Pcppcrcll was a native [•'^''"1 William. [Savage's Grti. Did.

of Cornwall, En;^. ; cmif^ratcd to the iii. 392 ; Williaiiifon's ////?. Tl/t'. i : 687.]

Ifles of Shoals, 1676; thence removed '•^■" Samuel (iallop, fon of Samuel,

to Kittery point, Me., where he carried and f,'randfon of John, of Boflon ?

on a large filhery ; was a di(Ungui(lied '■'"■- Matiuinis is an illand olf thecoaft

merchant and magiftrate, and died of Maine, early inhahited; tontaini. g

15 Feh., 1734, cct. 85. lie married 750 acres. It is 17 miles S. E. of

Margaret, dan. of John Bray, of Kit- Owl's Head (Thomafton), and 10 E.

tery; had Andrew, Mary, Margery, of Mclinic. [Williamfon's Ilijl. Me.

Joanna, Meriam, Dorothy, Jane, and i : 63.J

143

[I05]

proceed to Mac/iias, and from thence to Paffamcquado*,
And having Effc6lcd what fpoils you poffibly may upon
the Enemy in thole parts, Embark on your Veirds for
Mails and Signvfio, touching at Grand Manan, if you
fee caufe, and from Mcnis & Signc52o to Port Royal Gut;
And ufe all pollible Methods for the burning and deftroy-
ing of the Enemies Houfing, and breaking the Dams of
their Corn grounds in the faid feveral places, and make
what other Spoil? you can upon them, and bring away
the Prifoiiers. In your return call at Pcnod/cot, and do
what you can there, and fo proceed Weftward.

' This will probably imploy you a Month or Six Weeks;
when you will draw together again, and by the latter end
of yune conlidcr whither you can march to Norrlgivack^
or other parts of their Planting to deftroy their Corn &
Settlements: And keep the Expedition on foot until the
middle oi Atigtijt next.

' Notwithftanding the particularity of the afore-going
Inftruftion, I lay you under no reftraint, becaufe I am
well affured of your Courage, Care, Caution and Induftry;
But refer you to your own Refolves, by the Advice of
your Commillion Officers, not under the degree of Cap-
tain's, and the Sea-Commiflion Captains (whom you will,
as often as you can, Advife with) according to the Intel-
ligence you may receive, or as you may find needful upon
the Spot.

' You are by every opportunity, and once a Week cer-
tainly, by fome means, either by way of Ca/co, Pl/c< ta-

144

[io6]

' qiia^ or othcrwife to acquaint me of your proceedings
' and all occurrents, and what may be further neceflary for
* the Service. And to obferve fuch further & other In-
' ftru6lions as you fhall receive from my Self. [io6]

' As often as you may, Advife with Capt. Smith ^°^ and
Capt. Rogers ~^^ Command<^rf, of Her Majefly's Ships.

' Let your Minifter, CommifTary & Surgeons be treated
' with juft refpe6ts.

' I Pray to God to preferve, profper and fucceed you.

' Given under my hand at Bojlon, the Fourth Day of
' May, 1 704. y.D UDL EV.

Purfuant to his Inflru6lions he fent away his Tranfports,
and Forces to Pifcataqua, but was oblig'd himfelf to wait
upon his Excellency by Land to Pifcataqua in order to
raife more Forces, in the way thither; and did raife a
Company under the Command of Capt. Harridon\ ~°' taking
care alfo to provide a Pilot for them in the Bay oi Fundce\

Col. Church being dire6led to one Fcllows^'^^ whom

he met with at Ipfwich. And going from thence to Pif-

293 Thomas, commander of the frig- " Montague" in the expedition to Can-
ate 5^c/yey. [Drake'b C//«rc/4 (ed. 1827), ada, for which fervice he received an
257.] allowance from the General Court, 17 14;

-9* Geo^'^e, commander of the frigate died 11 Nov., 1724. He married Sarah

Go/port. \^Ibid.'\ Giddings, bj whom he had feveral chil-

295 Jolin Haraden {Harradin, Hay- dren. [Babfon's Hijl. Glouccjler, 98.]

rendine) was fon of Edward, who went '■^"•' William Fellows was one of the

to Gloucefter from Ipfwich 1657; he firft fettlers of Ipfwich, and left a large

led a maritime life ; 1709, was mafter of family, from which this pilot was prob-

a floop fitted out to capture a French ably defcended. [Felt's Ilijl. Ifjkvich,

privateer; 171 1, he was pilot of Ihip 11.]

19 H5

[io6J

cataqua with his Excellency, was there met by that worthy
Gentleman Maj. Winthrop Hilion,^'^'^ who was very helpful
to him in the whole Expedition, whofe Name & Memory
ought not to be forgot. Being ready to Embark from
Pi/cataqiia\ Col. Church requefled the Commanders of her
Majefty's Ships, Capt. Smith & Capt. Rogers to tarry at
Pifcataqua a Fortnight, that fo they might not be dif-
covered by the Enemy before he had done fome fpoil upon
them. Then moving in their Tranfports, as directed. Got
fafe into Montmucus undifcovered by the Enemy. Next
Morning early fitted out two Whale boats with men, Capt.
John Cook in one, and Capt. Conjiant Church in the other;
and fent them to Green-Ifland ^^^ upon a difcovery; and
coiiiing there they parted, one went to one part, and the
other to the other part, that fo they might not mifs of what
could be difcovered; where they met with old Lafaure'^'^^
with his two Sons Thomas & Timothy^ and a Canada
Indian. The Enemy feeing that they we" ' difcovered,
threw down their Ducks and Eggs, who had got a con-

297 Winthrop Hilton was fon of orah, Elizabeth, Bridget, and Win-
Edward of Exeter, and grandfon of throp. [iV. E. Hijl, and Gen. Reg.
Edward of Dover; born about 1671 ; vii : 51.]

was the leading military man of the '■'>'** There are two "Green" idands

Province; 1706, was made Judge of N. E. o'" iI/rt//«/c«5, and near to it, each

Com. Pleas, which office he held to his of 2 or 3 acres only,

death ; was appointed Counfellor, but 2^9 Penhallow calls him " Monjieur

was killed by the Indians, 23 June, 1710, Lafeburc, and his two fons, with a

in that part of Exeter which is now Canada Indian." {^Indian Wars (ed.

Epping. He married Ann Wilfon, who 1859), 28.] Church himfelf calls him

afterwards married Col. Jonathan Wad- Le Faver, further on (p. no, old pa-

leigh. They had Judith, Ann, Deb- ging).

146

[io7]

lidcrable quantity of each, and ran to their Canoo's, getting
into them, flood direftly for the Maine; looking behind
them, perceived the Whale-boats to gain fo fall upon
them, clapt fide by fide and all four got into one Canoo,
which prov'd of little advantage to them, for the Whale
boats gained fo much upon them, and got lb near that
Capt. Cook firing at the Stores-man^"" which was the
Indiari^ & happened to graze his skull, and quite fpoiTd
his Paddling: upon which old Lafaicre and Sons feeing
their companions condition foon beg'd for quarter, and
had it granted: the two Captains with their fuccefs pre-
fently return'd to their Commander, taking care that their
Captives fliould not difcourfe together before they were
examined; when brought to Col. Cimrch, he order'd them
to be apart; and firfl: proceeded to examine old La/aure,
who he found to be very furly & crofs, fo that he could
gain no manner of intelligence by him; upon which the
Commander was refolved to put in practice what he had
formerly done at Segnc£lo\'^'^^ ordering his Indians to make
two large heaps of dry wood at fome diflance one from
the other, and to fet a large fl:ake in the ground clofe to
[107] each heap; then ordered the two Sons Thomas &l
Timothy to be brought and bound to the Stakes; alfo
ordering his Indians to paint themfelves with colours
which they had brought for that ufe. Then he Colonel
proceeded to examine firfl; Timothy, and told him, He

300 Steerfman; i.e., the paddler in ^oi Stiles and Southwick reprint this

the ftern of the canoe. Se::^do.

147

[ I07 ]

had cxaminVl his Father ah'cady; and that if he told him
the truth he would ihve his Life, and take him into his
Service; and that he fhould have good pay & live well.
He anfwer'd, That he would tell him the truth, and gave
him jui account of every thing he knew; which was all
Minuted down : lie being ask'd whither his Brother
T/iomas did not know more than he? His anfwer was,
Yes. For his Brother Thomas had a Commiffion fent
him from the Governour of Canada, to Command a Com-
pany of Indians who were gathered together at a Place
where fome French Gentlemen lately arrived from Cana-
da, who were Officers to Command the reft that were to
go Weftward to fight the Englijh, and that there was fent
to his Father and Brother Tom, a confiderable quantity of
Flower, Fruit, Ammunition and Stores, for the fupply of
the faid Army. He being ask'd. Whither he could Pilot
our Forces to them? faid. No: But his Brother To}ii
could, for he had hid it and that he was not then with
him. The Colonel ask'd him. What Gentlemen thofe
were that came from Canada"^ He anfwered Monlieur
Gordan,^^'^ and Mr. Sharkee.^^'^ Being ask'd where they
were? Anfwered vX P ajfamcquado ; building a Fort there.
Being alfo ask'd, What number of Indians and French

3U2 Penhallow (ed. 1859, P* 29) makes 303 Penhallow fays 5^rt/-X-<?c (his name

this Guordcn ; Stiles and Southwick feems to have been Charticrs [Hutchin-

make it Gourdan ; and Church, when fon's Hiji. MaJ's. ii : 133]) was taken

referring (p. no, old paging) to his prifoner by this expedition; which, it

capture, does the fame. The name will be feen further on, is an error, Col.

was probably Go«r</o//. [Ilutchinfon's Church having " miiTcd " him on this

HiJl. Mafs. ii : 133.] foray. \_Indian Wars, 29.]

148

[ I07 ]

there were at Pcnobfcot? He anfwcred, there were feve-
ral P'amih'es, but they liv'd rcattcrin<(. Ask'd him further,
If he would Pilot our Forces thither/ Anfwcred, He
would if the Commander would not let the Salva<i^es Roll
him. Upon which the Colonel ordered him to be looted
from the Stake, and took him by the hand, told him. He
would be as kind to him as his own Father; at which he
feemed to be very thankful. And then the Colonel pro-
ceeded to examine his Brother Toin^ and told him that he
had examined his Father and Brother, and that his Brother
had told him every tittle he knew; and that he knew more
than his Brother TivtotJiy did; and that if he would be In-
genious & confefs all he knew, he fliould fare as well as
his Brother, but if not, the Salvages fhould Roll him.
Whereupon he folcmnly promifcd that he would; and that
he would Pilot him to every thing he knew, to the value
of a Knife and Sheafe (which without doubt he did.)
Then the Colonel immediately gave orders for the Whale-
boats to be ready, and went dire6tly over where the faid
Goods «& Stores were, and found them as inform'd, took
them on board the Boats, and returned to their Tranfports ;
and ordering Proviiions to be put into every Mans Snap-
fack for 6 or 8 days; fo in the dusk of the Evening left
their Tranfports, with Orders how the}'' fhould a6t; and
went dire6tly for the Mainland of Pcnobfcot^ and Mouth of
that River with their Pilots Tom & Timothy^ who carried
them dire6lly to every Place & Habitation both of French

& Indians there-abouts, with the affiftance of one De

149

L.08J

[io8] y<?w«i^,^'" whom they c.irried out of Bojlon Goal for the
fame purpofc, who was very ferviccablc to them: being
there we kill'd and took every one hotli J'rnick & Indians^
not knowing that any one did efcape in all Pcnob/cot\
among thofe that were taken was St. Cajlecns Daughter,
who faid that her Husband was gone to France^ X.o her
Father Monficur CaJIcen'.'^^^'' She having her Children with
her, the Comman^ier was very kind to her and them. All
the Prifoners that were then taken, held to one Story in
general, whieh they had from La/aure^s Sons; that there
were no more Indians there-abouts, but enough of them
at Pajfamcqnado'^ upon whieh they foon returned to their
Tranfports with their Prifoners & Plunder. The Com-
mander giving order immediately for the Souldiers in the
Whale-boats to have a recruit of Provifions for a further
purfuit of the Enemy, giving orders to the Tranfports to
llay a few days more there, and then go to Mount Dcfart
(and there to ftay for her Majeily's Ships, who were di-
rected to come thither) and there to wait his further order.
Then Col. Church with his Forces immediately imbark'd
on board their Whale-boats, & proceeded to fcour the
Coaft, and to try if they could difcover any of the Enemy
coming from Paffamcquado'^ making their flops in the day
time (at all the Points & Places where they were certain

3"* Pcnhallow (oriff. ccl. 17) has this D. Toiniir. The man was doubtlers a
name UToung; which in the reprint French Canadian prifoner; proljahly
of the New Hamplhirt- Hiftorical So- one of VillcatCs men. [See note 195,
ciety {Collcdioiis, i: 33), and in the aft/c]
Cincinnati reprint of 1859, is made 3U5 gee note 34, ante.

150

[.o8]

the Enemy would Land, or come by with their Canon's)
and at Ni^dit to their Paddles. Then comin«( near where
the VellV'ls were ordered to come, havinj^ made no dif-
covcry of the Enemy, went directly to Mount Dcfart^
where the Tranfports were ju(l come; and takini,^ lonie
Provifions for his Souldiers, <jjave dire6tion for the Shij^s
& Tranlports in 6 days to come directly to Pajjamajuado^
where they fliould find him & his Forces. Then imme-
diately mov'd away in the Whale-boats *& made dili<,a'nt
fearch aloni^ fliore, as formerly, inlpeiting all Places where
the Eneiny was likely to lurk: Particularly at Machias;
but found neither Fires nor Tracks. Coming afterwards
to the Well Harbour at Pajfamcqtiado^ where they entred
upon a6lion; an account whereof Col. Church did com-
municate to his Excellency, being as followeth.

May it plcafe yo7ir Excellency^

* T Received Yours of this Inflant Oflob. ()lh. with the
^ * two inclofed Informations, that concern my a6tions

* at Paffamcqnado] which I will give a jull and true ac-

* count of as near as polhble I can (viz) on the "^ih oi jfune

* laft 1704. In the evening we entred in at the Weflward
Mlarbour at faid Pajfamegiiadoy^'^^' coming up faid Ilar-

* hour to an Ifland,"'"^ where landing, we came to a French

'"'*' There arc tlirec pa(Tai(es into Paf- wefl f^iocldy head and the illand of

famaqiioddy bay, the weflern, tlie mid- duiipo-bvllo.

die or (hip channel, and the eaftern. ^"'' Moofc illand, on which Eaflpoit

The weftern is that firft reached in now flands? The lay of the land fug-

coafting from Machias, and lies between gefls that it might be that.

[io9]

hrufe, and took a French Woman, and Children, the
Woman upon her Examination faid, her Husband was
abroad a Fifhing I ask'd her, whither there were any
Indians thereabouts? She faid. Yes. There were a
great man}^, and feveral on that Ifland. I ask'd her,
whither fhe could Pilot me to them ? Said, No. They
hid in the Woods. I ask'd her, when fhe faw them/'
Anfwered, Juft now, or a little while fince. I ask'd [109]
her, whether fhe knew where they had laid their Canoo'sf
Anfwered, No. They carried their Canoo's into the
woods with them. We then haftened away a-long fhore,
feizing what Prifoners we could, taking old LotrieP^^ and
his Family. This intelligence caus'd me to leave Col.
Gorham, and a confiderable part of my Men (and Boats)
with him at that Ifland, partly to guard and fecure thofe
Prifoners, being fenfible it would be a great trouble to
have them to fecure and guard at our next landing, where
I did really expe6t, and hope to have an opportunity, to
^ght owr Indian Enemies; for all our French Prifoners,
that we had taken at Penob/cot, and a-long fhore had in-
formed us. That when we came to the Place, where thefe
Canada Gentlemen lived, we fhould certainly meet with
the Salvages to fight us, thofe being the only Men that
fet the Indians againfl us, or upon us, and were newly
come from Canada, to manage the War againfl us (plead-
ing in this account and information their own Innocency)
and partly in hopes that he the faid Col. Gorham would

808 See note 255, ante.
IS*

[ I09 ]

have a good opportunity in the Morning to deftroy fome
of thofe our Enemies, (we were informed by the faid
French Woman as above,) with the ufe of his Boats, as
I had given dire6lion. Ordering alfo Maj. Hilton, to pafs
over to the next Ifland, that lay Eaft of us "^^^ (with a fmall
Party of Men and Boats) to furprize & deftroy any of the
Enemy, that in their Canoo's might go here or there,
from any place, to make their flight from us, and as he
had opportunity to take any French Prifoners. We then
immediately moved up the River in the dark Night thro'
great diflficulty, by reafon of the Eddys and Whirlpools,
made with the fiercenefs of the current.^^" And here it
may be hinted that we had information that Lotriel had
loft fome of his Family pafling over to the next Ifland,
falling into one of thefe Eddyr were drowned; which the
two Pilots told to difcourage me. But I faid nothing of
that nature fliall do it; for I was refolved to venture up,
and therefore forthwith Pacdling our Boats, as privately
as we could, and with as much expedition as we could
make with our Paddles, and the help of a ftrong Tide, we
came up to Monfieur Goiirdans,?i little before day; where
taking notice of the Shoar, and finding it fomewhat open
and clear, I ordered Capt. Mirick and Capt. Cole, (having
Englifli Companies) to tarry with feveral of the Boats to
be ready, that if any of the Enemy fliould come down

si^s Deer ifland? thefe narrow inlets from the Schoodic

310 The tide rifes here from 24 to 28 or St. Croix river makes " eddys,"
feet, and, except at favorable hours, the " whirlpools," and " a fierce current,"
rufli of waters coming down through as Church defcribes it.
30 153

[no]

out of the brufh into the Bay, (it being very broad in
that place) '"'" with their Canoo's, they might take and
deftroy them. Ordering the remainder of the Army,
being landed,^'^ (with my felf and the other Officers)
to March up into the Woods, with a wide Front, and
to keep at a conliderable diftance; for that if they fhould
run in heaps, the Enemy would have the greater advan-
tage: and further dire6ling them that if poffible, they
fhould deftroy the Enemy with their Hatches, and not
fire a Gun. This order I alwayes gave at landing, tell-
ing them the inconveniency of firing, in that it might be
firft dangerous [no] to themfelves, they being many of
them Young Souldiers, (as I had fometimes obferved,
that one or two Guns being fired, many others would
fire, at they knew not what; as happened prefently after)
and it would alarm the Enemy, and give them the oppor-
tunity to make their efcape; and it might alarm the whole
Country, and alfo prevent all further a6lion from taking
effefl Orders being thus pafTed, we moved dire6tly
towards the Woods, Le Favcr\ Son dire6ting us to a
little Hutt or Wigwam, which we immediately fur-
rounded with a few Men, the reft Marching direftly up
into the Woods, to fee what Wigwams or Hutts they
could difcover; my felf made a little ftop. Ordering the
Pilot to tell them in the Hutt, that they were furrounded

311 They had now emerged from the *12 They muft have landed upon what

narrow weftern entrance into upper is now the town of Perry, Me. ; or pofli-

Paflamaquoddy bay, which is feme 8 or bly further up, in Robbinfton, or the

lo miles in width. lower part of Calais.

»54

with an Army, and that if they would come forth, and
furrender themfelves, they fhould have good quarter, but
if not, they fhould be all knock'd on the head and die:
One of them fhewed himfelf, I ask'd. Who he was? He
faid G our dan y and begg'd for quarter: I told him he
Ihould have good quarter; adding further. That if there
were any more in the houfe they fhould come out: Then
came out two men; Gourdan faid. They were his Sons,
and asked quarter for them, which was alfo granted.
Then came out a Woman, and a little Boy; fhe fell upon
her knees, begg'd quarter for her felf and Children, and
that I would not fuffer the Indiafis to kill them. I told
them they fhould have good quarter and not be hurt.
After which I ordered a fmall guard over them, and fo
mov'd prefently up with the reft of my Company, after
them that were gone before, but looking on my right
hand over a little run, I faw fomething look black, juft
by me, flopped, and heard a talking, ftepped over, and
faw a little Hutt or Wigwam with a crowd of People
round about it, which was contrary to my former direc-
tions: Ask'd them what they were doing? They reply'd
there was fome of the Enemy in a houfe, and would not
come out. I ask'd what Houfe? They faid a Bark-
houfr. I haftily bid them pull it down, and knock them
on the head, never asking whether they were French or
Indians', they being all Enemies alike to me. And pair-
ing then to them, and feeing them in great diforder, fo
many of the Army in a crowd together, a6ting fo con-

[I.I]

* trary to my Command & Dire6tion, expofing themfelves,
^ and the whole Army to utter mine, by their fo diforderly

* crowding thick together ; had an Enemy come upon

* them in that interim, and fired a Volley amongft them,
'they could not have mifs'd a fhot; and wholly neglecting

* their duty, in not attending my orders, in fearching dili-
' gently for our lurking Enemies in their Wigwams, or by
' their fires, where I had great hopes, and real expectation
' to meet with them. I moft certainly know that I was in

* an exceeding great Paffion, but not with thofe poor mif-

* erable Enemies; for I took no notice of half a dozen of

* the Enemy, when at the fame time, I expected to be en-

* gaged with forne hundreds of them, of whom we had a

* continued account who [in] were expe6ted from Por^

* Royal fide. In this heat of a6lion, every word that I then

* fpoke, I cannot give an account of, and I prefume it is

* impofllble.^^^ I fiop'd but little here, but went dire6tly

313 Church pleads for himfelf here as properly eftimate his conduct, without

if he had been blamed, which was the remembering that he had been led, by

fad;. Hutchinlbn fays, " Church feeing the ftatements of his prifoners, to

fome of his men hovering over another believe that he was near to a very

hut, he called to them to know what 'arge force of the enemj-, who might

they were doing; and upon their reply, fall upon his little company at any mo-

that there were people in the houfe who mei . in overwhelming force, aided, as

would not come out, he, haftily bid his they would be, by darknefs, the foreft,

men knock them in the head ; which and their own fuperior knowledge of

order they immediately obferved. He the ground; and that he alfo felt, that

was much blamed for this after his re- the moral effe(5t of fome feverity would

turn, and excufed himfelf but indifter- be good upon his favage and half-fav-

ently. He feared the enemy might fall age foes. It will be ieen, that, after-

upon his men, whom he faw were off ward on his arrival at Baye Ics Mines.,

their guard, which put him in a paffion." he made ufe of what happened here to

\_HiJl. Ma/s. ii : 133.] No one can good refults.

^56

[.II]

♦

up into the woods, hoping to be better imployed, with
the reft of the Army, I liften'd to hear, and looked earn-
eftly to fee what might be the next a6lion; but meeting
with many of the Souldiers, They told me, they had dif-
covered nothing; we fetching a fmall compafs round,
came down again. It being pretty dark, I took notice,
I faw two men lay dead as I thought, at the end of
the houfe, where the door was, and immediately the
Guns went off, and they fired every man as I thought,
and moft towards that place where I left the guard with
Monfieur Gourdan. I had much ado to flop their firing,
and told them, I thought they were mad, and I believed
they had not killed and wounded lefs than 40 or 50 of
our own Men. And I asked them what they fliot at?
They anfwered at a French man that ran away: but to
admiration no man was kill'd, but he, & one of our own
men wounded in the Leg; and I turning about, a French
man fpoke to me, and I gave him quarter. Day-light
coming on and no difcovery made of the Enemy, I went
to the place where I had left Monfieur Gourdan^ to ex-
amine him, and his Sons, who agreed in their examina-
tions; told me two of their men were abroad: It prov'd a
damage; and further told rre. That Monfieur SJiarkee
lived feveral Leagues up at the head of the; River, at the
Falls ;^^'* r.r.d all the htdians were fifhing, and tending
their Corn there; and that Monfieur Sharkee had fent

31* Great Falls, — " where the water defcends 20 feet in a fhort diftance "? [Wil-
liamfon's Hijl. Me, i : 86.]

157

[112]

down to him, to come up to him to advife about the
Indian Army, that was to go Weftward; but he had
returned him anfwer, his bufinefs was urgent, and he
could not come up : and that Skarkcc, and the j. idians,
would certainly be down that day, or the next at the fur-
theft, to come to conclude of that matter. This was a
ftiort Nights a6lion, and all fenfible Men do well know,
that a6tions done in the dar?: (being in the Night as
aforefaid) under fo many difficulties, as we then laboured
under, as before related, was a very hard Task for one
Man, matters being circumftanc'd as in this a6lion; which
would not admit of calling a Council; and at that time
could not be confin'd there-unto; at which time I was
tranfported above fear or any fort of dread; yet being
fenfible of the danger in my Armies crowding fo thick
together, and of the great duty incumbent on me to pre-
ferve them from all the danger I poffibly could, for fur-
ther improvement, in the Deftruftion of our implacable
Enemies ; am ready to conclude, that I was very quick &
abfolute in giving fuch Commands & Orders, as I then ap-
prehended moft proper and advantagious. And had it not
been for the Intelligence I had received from the French
we took at Penobfcot, as before hinted, and the falfe re-
port the French Woman (firft took) gave me, I had not
been in fuch hafte. I queftion not but thofe French men
that were flain, had the fame good quar[ii2]ter of other
Prifoners. But I ever look'd at it a good Providence of
Almighty God, that fome few of our cruel & bloody

158

* Enemies, were made fenfible of their bloody Cruelties,

* perpetrated on my dear & loving friends and Country-
*men; and that the fame meafure (in part) meeted to
' them, as they had been guilty of in a barbarous manner

* at Deerjieid, & I hope juftly. I hope God Almighty will

* accept hereof, altho' it may not be eligible to our French

* implacable Enemies, and fuch others as are not our
' friends. The fore-going Journal and this fhort annex-
' ment, I thought it my duty to exhibit, for the fatisfaftion

* of my Friends & Country-men, whom I very faithfully &
' willingly ferved in the late Expedition; and I hope will

* find acceptance with your Excellency, the Honourable
' Council & Reprefentatives now Affembled, as being done
' from the zeal I had in the faid Service of Her Majefly,

* and her good Subje6ts here.

/ Remain your 7noJt humble & obedietit Servant,

Benjamin Church.

This Nights Service being over immediately Col. Church
leaves a fufficient guard with Gourdan, and the other
Prifoners, mov'd in fome Whale-boats with the reft; and
as they were going fpy'd a fmall thing upon the Water,
at a great diftance, which proved to be a birch Canoo,
with two Vidians in her; the Colonel prefently ordered
the lighteft boat he had to make the beft of her way and
cut them off from the Shore: but the Indians perceiving
their defign run their Canoo a-ftiore & fled. Col. Church
fearing they would run direftly to Sharkee made all the

159

[1,2]

expedition imaginable; but it being ebb and the water
low, was obliged to land & make the beft of their way
thro' the woods, hoping to intercept the hidians, and get
to S/iarkee's, houfe before them; whieh was two Miles
from where our Forces landed. The Colonel being An-
cient & Unwildly, defired Serjeant Edcc'^^^^ to run with
him, and coming to feveral Trees fallen, which he could
not creep under or readily get over, would lay his bread
againfl the Tree, the faid Edee turning him over, generall}''
had Cat luck, falling on his feet, b}' which means kept in
the Front: and coming near to Skar/cec's houfe, difcovered
fome French & hidians making aWair^"^ in the River,
and prefently difcovered the two Indians afore-mentioned,
who call'd to them at work in the River; told them there
was an Army of EnglifJi and Indians ]\i^ by; who imme-
diately left their work and ran, endeavouring to get to
Sharkce\ houfe; who hearing the noife, took his Lady &
Child, and ran into the woods. Our Men running briskly
fired & kill'd one of the Indians, and took the reft Prifon-
ers. Then going to Sharkee's houfe found a Woman and
Child, to whom they gave good quarter: and finding that
Madam Sharkee had left her Silk Clothes & fine linen
behind her, our Forces was defirous to have purfued and

315 This was probably a member of pofteritj. \^Sce N. E. Ilijl. and Gen.

oneof the families in the Old Colony de- Reg. iii : 336; viii : 201-306; Congre-

fcended from Samuel Eddy {Ede, Edy, gational Quarterly, iv : 223-238.]

Eady, Eadey, Edie, Edee), who fettled '^^^ Weir, — a fence of ftakes and

in Plymouth from Cranbrooke, Kent, brufh fet in a river for the purpofe of

1630, and left a numerous and noble catching fifh.

160

taken her: But Col. Church forbid them, Ihyinij^ he would
have her run and futler, that (he might be made fenfible,
what hardfhips our poor People had fiiiFered by them, &c.
Then proceeded to examine the Prilbners newly taken,
who gave [113] him the fame account he had before; of
the hidians being up at the Falls, &c. It being jufl; Night
prevented our Attacking of them that Night. But next
Morning early they mov'd up to the Falls (which was
about a Mile higher:) But doubtlefs the Enemy had fome
Intelligence by the two afore-faid Indians^ before our
Forces came, fo that they all got on the other fide of the
River and left fome of their goods by the Water-fide, to
decoy our Men, that fo they might fire upon them; which
indeed they effe6led: But thro' the good Providence of
God never a Man of ours was kill'd, and but one flightly
wounded. After a fhort difpute Col. Church ordered that
every Man might take what they pleafed of the Fifh which
lay bundled up, and to burn the reft, which was a great
quantity. The Enemy feeing what our Forces were
about; and that their ftock of Fifh was deftroyed, and the
feafon being over for getting any more, fet up a hedious
Cry, and fo ran all away into the woods; who being all on
the other fide of the River,^'" ours could not follow them.
Having done, our Foices March'd down to their Boats at
Sharkee's, and took their Prifoners, Bever, and other Plun-
der which they had got, and put it into their Boats, and

31T The New-Brunfwick fide; the iwecu the States and the Britifh poffef-
river being here the dividing line be- fions.
21 161

["3]

went down to Gourdans hoiife, where they had left Lieut.
Col. Gorham & Maj Hiltonyw\\\\ part of the Forces to guard
the Prifoncrs; (and kept a good look-out for more of the
Enemy) who upon the Colonels return, gave him an ac-
count that they had made no difcovery of the Enemy fince
he left them, &c. Juft then Her Majefty's Ships and
Tranfports arriving. The Commanders of Her Majefty's
Ships told Col. Church that they had orders to go dire6tly
for Port Royal Gict, and wait the coming of fome Store-
Ships, which were expe6ted at Port Royal from France]
and Col. Church advifing with them, propofed that it was
very expedient and ferviceable to the Crown, that Capt.
Southack in the Province Galley (hould accompany them,
which they did readily acquiefce with him in. Upon which
the Colonel immediately embark'd his Forces on board
the Tranfports, and himfelf on board Capt. yarvis]"^^^ or-
dering the CommifTary of the Stores, the Minifler, Sur-
geons & Pilots all to embark on board the fame Veffel
with him; ordering all the Whale-boats to be put on
board the Tranfports and then all to come to Sail. The
Ships {landing away for Port Royal Gut^^^ and Col. Church
with the Tranfports for Menis'. ^"^ In their way the Colonel

inquired of the Pilot Felloivs,^^^ What depth of Water

there was in the Crick near the Town of Menis? He
anfwered him that there was Water enough near the

318 Commander of the frigate ^i/i/ew- 320 See note 238, ante. Les Mines
ture ; as will be feen from the docu- was about half-way from Port Royal
ment commencing on the next page. to Beau-bajin, or Chiegnecto.

319 See note 286, ante. See note 296, ante.

163

["4]

Town to flote that Veflel they were in at low Water. So
when coming near, Col. Church obferved a Woody If-
land ^'^ between them and the Town, that they run up on
the back-fide of the laid Ifland, with all their Tranlports
undifcovered to the Enemy, and came to Anchor. Then
the Colonel and all his Forces embark'd in the Whale-
boats, it being late in the day mov'd directly for the Town,
and in the way ask'd for the Pilot, whom he expe6led was
in one of the Boats; but he had given him the flip, and
tarried behind. The Colonel not know[ii4]ing the diffi-
culties as might attend their going up to the Town; im-
mediately fent Lieut. Gyles'^^ who could fpeak French^
with a Flag of Truce up to the Town with a Summons,
which was writ before they landed, expe6ling their fur-
render: which is as followeth.

Aboard Her Majejiy's Ship Adventtire near the Gut

q/* Menis, June 20. 1704 An agreement made by

the Field Officers commanding" Her Alajejifs Forces

. for the pre/ent Expedition againji the French

Enemies^ and Indian Rebels.

Agreed.
Hat a Declaration or Summons be fent on Shoar at
Menis and Port Royal, U7ider a Flag of Truce-

522 From Charlevoix's map, this thence to Pemaquid, where he was Juf-

would feem to be Grojfe Ijle. tice, and was killed by the Indians, 2

323 yohn Gyles was fon of Thomas Aug., 1689) ; was captured at his fa-

(who lived firft in Merry-meeting bay, ther's death, when 14 years of age, and

was made prifoner, efcaped to England, carried to Canada ; whence, after a fer-

came back to live on Long Ifland, went vitude of feveral years, he was purchafed

163

["4]

Particularly,
We declare to you, the many Cruelties and Barbari-
ties that you and the Indians have been gtMly of towards
us, in laying wajle our Country here in the Eajl at
Cafco, and the Places Adjacent: Peculiarly, the Horrid
action at Deerfield this lajl Winter, in Killing, Maffa-
cring, Murdering and Scalpitig without giving any
notice at all, or opportunity to ask quarter at your
Hands j and after all carrying the Remainder into
Captivity in the heighth of Winter [of which they kilVd
many in the fotirney,) and expos'' d the reji to the hard-

Jliips of Cold and Famine, wor/e than death it felf
Which Cruelties we are yet every day expofed unto, atid
exercifed withal.

We do alfo declare. That we have already made fome

beginnings of Killing and Scalping fome Canada Men

{which we have 7iot been wont to do or allow) and are

now come with a great number of Englifh & Indians, all

Volunteers, with refolutions to fubdue you, and make you>

fenjible of your Cruelties to us by treating\you after the

fame manner.

At this time we expe6i our Men of War and Tranf-

port Ships to be at Port Royal, {we having but lately

parted with them.)

by a French trader during Col. Haw- printed, 1736, a memoir of his father;
thorn's Eaftern Expedition, and reftored died 1755. [Savage's Gen. Did, ii :
to his home and friends; he thereafter 326; Sewall's ^«t?. /><>;«. Jl/e. 195-204;
for many years ferved the Government Willis's Law, Courts^ and Lawyers,
in the army, and as an interpreter; he Mc, 32.]

164

["S]

In the la/l place, We do declare to yon, That ina/mtich as
fome of you have JJiown kindnefs to our Captives, and Ex-
pre/s'^d a love to and dejire of being under the E7igliPi Gov-
ernment, We do therefore notwithflandi^ig all this, give you
timely Notice, and do demand a Surrender immediately, by
the laying down your Arms, upon which we promife very
good Quarter', if not, you mufl expert the titmofl Severity.
To the Chief Commander of the Town Benjamin Church Colonel.

of Menis, & the Inhabitants thereof John Goreham Lieut. Col.

& ive expedl your anfwer pof lively Winthrop Hilton Major.

within an hour.

Then moving to the Crick expe6ling to have had Water
enough for the Boats, as the Pilot had inform'd them, but
found not Water enough for a Canoo; fo were obHg'd to
land,^^* intending to have been up at the Town before the
hour was out, that the Summons expreffed: (For their
return was. That if our Forces would not hurt their
Eltates, that then they would Surrender, if otherwife in-
tended, they fhould fight for them, &c^ But meeting
with feveral Cricks near 20 or 30 foot deep, which were
very Muddy and Dirty, fo that the Army could not get
over them; was oblig'd to return to [115] their Boats
again, and wait till within Night before the Tide ferved
for them to go up to the Town; and then intended to

32* That is, their boats foon ground- the intervention of fome creeks of deep
ing, they were obliged to get out of water, which forced them back to the
them into the mud, and wade toward boats, and compelled them to wait in
the Ihore; which they were unable to them for the tide to rife, -under the
accomplifti fucceflTully on account of circumftances, a profaic refult!

165

L"S]

go Up pretty near the Town, and not to fall on till
Morning, being in hopes that the banks of the Cricks
would fhelter them from the Enemy: but the Tides rifmg
fo high expofed them all to the Enemy; who had the
Trees & Woods to be-friend them. And fo came down
in the Night & fired fmartly at our Forces; but Col.
Church being in a Pinis ^^^ that had a fmall Cannon plac'd
in the head, ordered it to be charg'd feveral times, with
Bullets in fmall bags, and fired at the Enemy, which made
fuch a rattling amongft the Trees, that caufed the Enemy
to draw off; and by the great Providence of Almighty
God not one of our Forces was hurt that Night; (but as I
have been informed they had one hidian kill'd, and fome
others wounded, which was fome difcouragement to the
Enemy.) Next Morning by break of Day, Col. Church
ordered all his Forces, (and plac'd Maj. Hilton on the
right wing,) to run all up driving the Enemy before them,
who leaving their Town to our Forces, but had carried
away the befl of their Goods (which were foon found by
our Souldiers.) The bulk of the Enemy happening to lye
againfl our right Wing caufed the hottefl difpute there,
who lay behind Logs and Trees, till our Forces, and Maj
Hilton who led them, came on upon them, and forc'd them
to run; and notwithftanding the fharp firing of the Enemy
at our Forces, by the repeated Providence of God there
was never a Man of ours kill'd or wounded. Our Soul-
diers not having been long in Town before they found

'26 Pinnace.
i66

["5]

confiderable quantities of Strong Drink (both Brandy &
Clarat) and being very greedy after it, efpecially the In-
dians^ were very diforderly, firing at every Pig, Turky
or Fowl they faw, of which were very plenty in the
Town; which indanger'd our own Men; Col. Church per-
ceiving the diforder, and firing of his own Men, ran to put
a flop to it, had feveral fhot come very near him; and
finding what had occafion'd this diforder, commanded his
Officers to knock out the heads of every Cask of Strong
Liquor they could find in the Town,^-*^ to prevent any fur-
ther difturbance amongfl his Army; knowing it was im-
poflible to have kept it from them, efpecially the Indians,
if it was faved, &€. Then fome of the Army who were
defirous to purfue the Enem}^, having heard them driving
away their Cattel, Requefted the Colonel to let them go;
who did: and gave them their orders. Capt. Cooke, and
Capt. Church to lead the two Wings, and Lieut. Barher^^''
who led the Colonels Company in the Center: and the
faid Capt. Cooke and Capt. Church defired Lieut. Barker

326 A pra(5lical *' temperance " move-
ment, deferving extended imitation !

S2T There may have been three
" Lieut." Barkers then living, who
might have been connedted with
Church's company : Lt. Robert, and
Lt. Francis, both of Duxbury, and both
fons of Robert; and Lt. John, of An-
dover, fon of Richard. The latter died
1722 ; Robert had a dau. born 18 April,
1704; Francis, I do not trace later than
1689. ^* Church's company would be

likelieft to be officered from Plymouth
Colony, it feems probable that one of
the Duxbury brothers is the one referred
to; and, of thefe, I incline to the opin-
ion that it was Robert. [Savage's Gen.
Did. i: 115; Winfor's Hijl. Duxbury,
223 ; Abbot's Hift- Andover, 200; Plym.
Col. Rec. vi : 218] Charlevoix fays
that the "Lieutenant-General of the
Englilh forces " was killed — a mif-
take of Barker's rank. \.HiJl. Nouv,
France. 'I

167

[116]

not to move too fall; fo that he might have the benefit of
their affiftance, if he had occafion; but the faid Lieutenant
not being fo careful as he fhould have been, or at Icaft was
too eager, was Ihot down, and another Man; which were
all the Men that were kill'd in the whole Expedition.
Towards Night Col. Church ordered fome of his Forces
to pull down fome of the Houfes, and others to get Logs
[ii6] and make a Fortification for his whole Army to
lodge in that Night, that fo they might be together: and
juft before Night ordered fome of his Men to go fee if
there were any Men in any of the Houfes in the Town; if
not, to fet them all a fire: which was done, and the whole
Town feemed to be of a fire all at once, &c. The next
Morning the Colonel gave orders to his Men to dig down
their Dams,^"^^ and let the Tide in to dellroy all their Corn,
and every thing that was good, according to his Inflruc-
tions; and to burn the Fortification which they had built
the Day before: And when the Tide ferv'd to put all their
Plunder which they had got into the Boats. Then order-
ing his Souldiers to March at a good diftance one from
another; which caus'd the Enemy to think that there was

^■^^ Haliburton fays that there are vaft Mines, are very fuperior to thofe in
marfhes (kirting this Baye Ics Mines other parts of the Province — the water
(Bafon of Mines), which, "when en- of that extraordinary refervoir being
clofed witli dikes, and well drained, are not only difcolored, but ac5lually turbid,
exceedingly fertile, yielding, for feveral with the great quantity of matter held
years in fuccefli6n, abundant crops of in folution by it." {,H{Ji. Nov. Scot.
wheat, and alternate rotations of hay ii : 363.] The Acadians had probably
and grain, without the aid of manure." already begun this form of tillage, and
He adds: "the marfhes, formed by the thefe dikes to which Church here re-
rivers emptying into the Bafon of fers are thus explained.

168

[ii6]

not lefs than a thoufand Men (as they faid afterwards:)
and that their burning of the Fortification, and doing as
they did, caufed the Enemy to think that they were gone
clear off and not to return again. But it proved to the
contrary, for Col. Church and his Forces only went aboard
their Tranfports, and there ftaid till the Tide ferv'd; in the
Night embarked on board their Whale-boats, landed fome
of his Men, expe6cing they might meet with fome of the
Enemy mending their Dams; which they did, and with
the Boats went up another branch of the River, to another
Town or Village;^-'' upon fuch a furprize took as many Prif-
oners as they could delire. And it happened that Col. Church
was at the French Captains Houfe when two Gentlemen
that came Poft from the Governour oi Port Royal to him,
who was the Chief Commander at Menis, with an Exprefs
to fend away two Companies of Men to Defend the Kings
Fort there; and to give him an account, That there was
three EngliJIi Men of War come into Port Royal Gut or
Harbour; and that the Men fent for muft be Pofted away
with all fpeed. Col. Church, as was faid before, being
there, treated the two Gentlemen very hanfornely, and told
them. He would fend them back again Poft to their Maf-
ter upon his bulinefs; and bid them give him his hearty
thanks for fending him fuch good News, that part of his
Fleet was in fo good a Harbour. Then reading the Sum-
mons to them that he had fent to Menis. Further added,
That their Mafter the Governour of Port Royal muft im-

329 Pigtguit, on the river of the fame name, now the Avon ?
aa 169

["7]

mediately fend away a Poft to the Governour of Canada
at Qtiedec/c, to prevent his further fending any of his cruel
& bloudy French and Salvages, as he had done lately upon
Deerjieid, where they had committed fuch horrible and
bloudy outrages upon thofe poor People, that never did
them any harm, as is intollerable to think of; and that for
the future, if any fuch Hoftilities were made upon our
Frontier Towns, or any of them, He would come out with
a thoufand Salvages, and Whale-boats convenient, and
turn his back upon them, and let his Salvages Scalp &
Roll the French] or at leaft treat them as their Salvages
had treated ours ; Alfo gave them an account of part of
that a6tion at Pajfamequado^ and how that his Souldiers
had Kill'd & Scalp'd fome Canada Men [117] there, and
would be glad to Serve them fo too, if he would permit
them. Which terrif3^ed them very much,^^" &c. The
two French Gentlemen that came Poft made folemn
Promifes that they would punctually do the Colonel's
Meffage to their Governour. So with the delire of the
French People there that the Governour might have this
Intelligence, Col. Church difmifs'd them, and fent them
away; telling the fame Story to feveral of the Prifoners,
and what they muft expert if fome fpeedy courfe was not
taken to prevent further outrages upon the Englijh. The
number of Prifoners then Prefent (which were confidera-
ble) did unanimoufly intreat of Col. Church, that he would
take them under the Prote6tion of the Crown of England]

330 See note 313, ante.
170

["7]

making great Promifes of their fidelity to the fame, beg-
ging with great Agony of Spirit to Save their Lives, and
to prote6t them from his Salvages, whom they extreamly
dreaded: As to the matter of the Salvages, He told them,
It would be juft Retaliation for him to permit his Salvages
to treat the French in the fame manner, as the French with
their Sah^ages treated our friends in our Frontier Towns:
But as to his taking them under the Prote6tion of the
Crown of England^ he utterly refufed it, urging to them
their former Perfidioufnefs; they alfo urging to him, that
it would be impoffible for any French to live any where in
the Bay oi Ftindy, if they were not taken under the Eng-
liJJi Government; for with the benefit of thofe Whale-
boats,^^^ (as the Englijh called them) they could take and
deftroy all their People in the Town of Menis in one
Night: But he reply'd to them, It (hould never be; alledg-
ing to them that when they were fo before, when Port
Royal was taken laft by the EngliJJi that it prov'd of very
ill confequence to the Crown of Engla^id^ & the Subje6ts
thereof in our Frontiers ; for that our Engli/Ji Traders fup-
plying them; enabled them (which opportunity they im-

3!il The ftrefs laid upon " whaleboats," defcription — exceedingly difficult; a

both by Church in his report of his laft difficulty which the boats removed, fince

expedition (p. 147) and his letter to they could adl as tenders, and leave the

Gov. Dudley (p. 131), and by the en- fhip in deep water ; and by the fadl, that

emy, is explained by the fadt that the their fwiftnefs made them more formid-

enormous rife and fall of the tides in able in the purfuit of canoes than any

and near the Bay of Fundy made land- other craft then in ufe, and their light

ing from, and coafting in, ordinary vef- draft enabled them to go in fhallow

fels — in that day when wharf con- water, and their lightweight made them

veniences were of the moft primitive efpecially available at the portages.

171

[1.8]

prov'd) to fiipplj" the Indians our bloudy Enemies; and
therefore he could make no other Terms of Peace with
them than that; if they the French at Me?tis, Signeflo and
Canada^ would keep at home with their bloudy Salvages,
and not commit any Hoftilities upon any of our Frontiers,
we would return home & leave them; for that we lived a
great diftance off, and had not come near them to hurt
them now had not the blood of our poor Friends and
Brethren in all the Frontiers of our Province cryed for
Vengeance; efpecially that late unheard of Barbarity
committed upon the Town oi Deerfield; which wrought fo
generally on the hearts of our People, that our Forces
came out with that Unanimity of Spirit, both among the
EfigliJJi and our Salvages, that we had not, nor needed a
Prefs'd Man among them. The Colonel alfo telling them.
That if ever hereafter any of our Frontiers Eaft or Weft
were Molefted by them, as formerly, that he would (if
God fpared his Life,) and they might depend upon it,
Return upon them with a thoufand of his Salvages, if he
wanted them, all Volunteers, with our Whale-boats, and
would purfue them to the laft Extremity. The Colonels
warm difcourfe with them [ii8] wrought fuch a confterna-
tion in them, which the}^ difcovered by their Panick fears
and trembling, their hearts fenfibly beating, and rifmg up
as it were ready to choke them; confeffed they were all
his Prifoners, and beg'd of him, for JESUS fake, to Save
their Lives, and the Lives of their poor Families; with

fuch melting Terms as wrought relentings in the Colonels

173

[ii8] .

Breaft towards them; but however, he told them, That hiF
intent was to carry as many Prifoners home as he could,
but that he had taken fo many, they were more than he
had occafion for, nor defired any more ; and therefore
he would leave them."'^^ The Colonel refolving the next
day to compleat all his a6tion at Meiiis, and fo draw off.
Accordingly, fent his orders to Col. Gorcham and Maj
Hilton^ with all the EngliJJt Companies both Officers and
Souldiers, except fome few, which he thought he might
have occafion for to go with the hidians in the Whale-
boats up the Eaftward River,^^'^ where a third part of the
Inhabitants Lived; that fo he might prevent any refledtion
made on them, in leaving any part of the Service undone.
And therefore in the evening ordered all the Whale-boats
to be laid ready for the Nights Service; and accordingly
when the Tide Served, he went with his hidians up the
River, where they did fome fpoil upon the Enemy going
up. In the Morning feveral of their Tranfports came to
meet them, to their great rejoycing, on whom they went
on Board, and foon came up with the whole Fleet, with
whom they joyned, bending their courfe directly towards
Port Royal, where they were ordered. Coming to Port
Royal Gut where their Ships were, and calling a Council

332 Penhallow fays the expedition terminating in Salmon river; from
" took a hundred prifoners." [/«</. which was a portage over to Tatama-

Wars, 30.] gouche on Northumberland Strait, per-

333 Xhe Cobeguit, or Cobcquid bay, haps 7 miles in length.

173

[,i8]

according to his Inftru6Hons, drew up their refult: Which
is as followeth.

Aboard the Province Galley^ Afth,^\x\y \^o\.
In Port Royal Harbour.
Prefent all the F'ield Officers and
Captains of the Land Forces.

T 11 /"-fi" whofe Names are heretinto Siib/cribed, having de-
' ^ liberately conjider'^d the cau/e in hand, whether it be
proper to L arid all our Forces to offetid & dcjlroy as much
as we can at Port Royal, all or any part of the Inhabitants
thereof, and their EJlates, We are of Opinion, that His not
for our Interefi & Ho7iour, a7id the Countrys ivhom we
Serve, to Land or expofe our Selves; but quit it wholly, and
go on about our other bufinefs we have to do, for this Reafon,
That we fudge our Selves Inferiour to the Strength of the
Enemy, and therefore the Danger & Rifque we run, is
greater than the advantage we can, or are likely to obtain,
feeing the Enemy hath fuch timely Notice, and long oppor-
tunity to Provide themfelves againfl us, by our Ships lying
here in the Road about Twelve Days, before we could joyn
them from Menis, where we were during that time, and
being fo very meanly provided ivith neceffaries convenient for
fuch an Undertaking with fo fmall a Ntimber of Men, not
being above Four hundred capable and fit for Service to
Land; and underflanding by all the Intelligence we can get

»74

["9]

from both Englifh & French Prifoticrs^ that the Fort is
exceeding Strong.

Johi Goreham Lieut. Col. WintJirop Hilto7i Major, [i 19]
Havings Pnrfuanl to my Injlnic- yoj'. "^* Brown Conjiant Church
tions taken the advice of the Gen- jfanies Cote fohu Dyer

tlcmcn above Suhfcribcd^ and John Cook yo/Ima Lamb

confdcring the iveight of their Ifaac Myrick Caleb Williainfon
Reajons^ I do Concur thcrezvith. yohn Ha r radon Hdvjard Church
Benj. Clnirch.

"^^^KTHereas Col. Church hath dcfircd our Opinions, as to
* ' the Landing the Forces at Port Royal, they being but
400 Effeilive Men to Land, and by all the Information both
of French & Englifh Prif oners, the Enetny having a
greater number of Alen, a^id much better provided to Receive,
than they are to Attack them. We do believe Uis for the
Service of the Crown, and PrefervatioJi of Her Majcflfs
Subjefis to a6l as above mentioned.

Thomas Smith. Geo. Rogers. Cypryan Southack.

After this, they concluded what fhould be next done;
which was, that the Ships fliould ftay fome Days longer at
Port Royall Gut, and then go over to Mount Defart Har-
bour, and there ftay till Col. Church with his Tranfports
came to them. Being all ready, the Colonel with his
Tranfports & Forces went up the Bay to Signe^o, where
they needed not a Pilot, being feveral of them well
acquainted there; (and had not met with fo many difficul-

334 Mifprint for John. This captain's nsxtne is diftindlly Rated to be John
(p. 138). See note 278, ante.

»75

[•■9]

tics at Alniis^ had it not been that their Pilot deceived
thcm;'"'^'' who knew nothing of the matter, kept out of the
way and Landed not with them, &c^ And coming to
SigncHo^'^^'' the Enemy were all in Arms ready to receive
them, Col. CImrch Landing his Men; the Commander of
the Enemy waving his Sword over his head, bid a Chal-
lange to them ; The Colonel ordering his two Wings to
March up a-pace, and come upon the backs of the Enemy,
himfelf being in the Center, and the Enemy knowing him,
(having been there before) Shot chiefly at him; (but thro'
Gods goodnefs received no harm, neither had he one Man
kiird, nor but two flightly wounded) and then ran all
away into the Woods, and left their Town with nothing
in it J having had timely Notice of our Forces, had carryed
all away out of the reach of our Army; for Col. CJmrcJi
while there with part of his Forces Ranged the Woods,
but to no purpofe ; Then returning to the Town, did them
what fpoil he could; according to his Inftru6tions, and fo
drew off, and made the bell of their way for Pajfamcqua-
do^ (and going in) in a great Fog, one of their Tranfports
ran upon a Rock, but was foon got off again. Then Col.
CImrch with fome of his Forces embark'd in their Whale-
boats, and went amongft the Iflands, with an intent to go
to Sha7'kee^s where they had deftroyed the Fifli;^^^ but
obferving a Springgy place in a Cove, went on Shore to
get fome Water to drink, it being a Sandy beach, they

838 That is "thej would not have met 336 Beau-bafin. See note 229, ante.

with fo many diflRculties, &c." 337 gge p. 161.

176

efpy'd Tracks, the Colonel prcfently ordered his Men to
fcatter, and make a fearch; foon found De BoiJ/es^'^*^ Wife,
who had formerly been Col. Church'-^ Prifoner, and car-
ried to Bojlon\ but returned, who feemed to be very glad
to fee him: She had with her two Sons that were near
Men grown; the Colonel ordering them a part, Examined
the Woman firfl, who gave him this account following.
That fhe had lived there-abouts ever fmce the Fleet went
by, and that fhe had never feen but two Indians fince, who
came in a Canoo from Norrigiwock', who ask'd her, what
made her to be there alone? She told them, She had not
feen a French Man nor an hiciian except thofe two fmce
the EnglifJi Ships went by. Then the Indians told her
there was not one Indian left except thofe two, who be-
long to ?:he Gut of Cancer^ on this fide of Canada: for the
Fryers coming down with the Indians to Monfieur Gov-
dans, and finding the French-men flain, and their Hair
fpoiled, being Scalp'd, put them into a great Conflerna-
tion; and the Fryers told them it was impoflible for them
to live there-abouts, for the EngliJJi with their Whale-
[120] boats would ferve them all fo; upon which they
all went up to Norrigiwock: Alfo told her that when the
Englijh came along thro' Penobfcot, they had fwept it of
the Inhabitants, as if it had been fwept with a Broom,
neither French nor Indians efcaping them. Further told
her, That when their Fathers the Fryers, and the Indians

338 j)u Boisf probably taken prifoner when Church was here before, in a
previous expedition.

2Z 177

[I20]

met together at Norriglwock they call'd a Council, and the
Fryers told the Indians^ That they muft look out for fome
other Country, for that it was impoflible for them to live
there; alfo told them there was a River call'd MoJJippee^^'^
where they might live quietly and no EngliJJt come near
them ; It being as far beyond Canada as it was to it, &c.
and if they would go and live there, they would live &
dye with them, but if not they would leave them, and
never come near them again. Whereupon they all agreed
to go away; which they did, and left their Ruff houfhold-
ftuff, and Corn behind them, and went all, except thofe
two for Canada. Alfo her Sons giving the fame Intelli-
gence, fo we had no reafon to think but that it was true.
Col. Church having done what he could there, Embark'd
on board the Tranfports and went to Mount De/art, where
he expe6ted to have met with the Ships from Port Royal
Gut\ and going into the Harbour at Mount De/art^ found

339 The MiJJiffippi (Ind. Miche Scpe : fournie" {^Relation, 1670 : 80.] In 1673,
called by the early Jefuits MeJJi-Sipi). Marquette, with Louis yolliet, reached
As early as 1669, Father Marquette re- the river, and defcended it probably as
folved upon vifiting this wonderful river, far as the mouth of the Arkanfas. (His
of which rumors came to him from the narrative of this journey may be found
favages. It is firft mentioned in the in Shea's Diycovery and Exploration of
^'^ Relations des Jcfuites" in 1670, as the MiJJiJJippi Valley ; having been firft
^^ une grande Riviere large d'une lieu'4 publiflied, in 1681, in Thevenot's Re-
st davantage, qui venant des quartiers cueil de Voyages-) Of courfe, his infor-
du Nord, coule vers le Sud, et Jt loin mation had added certainty to all vague
que les fauvagcs qui ont navig€ fur floating rumors before exifting; and the
cette Riviere, allant chercher des ene- Jefuits in Canada, before the date of this
mis h co}nbattre,apres quantit€ de four- expedition of Col. Church, were able
n€es de navigation, n'en ont point trouv^ to fpeak with fome confidence of this
Vembouchere, quie ne pent efire que vers wonderful ftream. [See Relations des
la Mer de la Floride, ou celle de Cali- yefuites, 1670: 91, 100; 1671 : 24,47.]

178

[I20]

no Ships there, but a Runlet ^'"' rid off by a line in the
Harbour, which he ordered to be taken up, and opening
of it found a Letter, which gave him an account that the
Ships were gone home for Bojlon. Then he proceeded &
went to Penobfcot\ where being come, made diligent
fearch in thofe Parts for the Enemy, but could not find or
make any difcovery of them, or that any had been there
fince he left thofe Parts, which causM him to believe what
De Boiffes Wife had told him was true. (I will only by
the way juft give a hint of what we heard fince of the
Effects of this Expedition, & then proceed.) [Firft,
That the EngliJJt Forces that went next to Norrigiwock
found that the Enemy was gone, «& had left their Ruff
houfhold-ftuff and Corn behind them; alfo not long after
this Expedition, there were feveral Gentlemen fent down
from Canada to concert with our Governour about the
fettling of a Cartile ^'^^ for the Exchange of Prifoners ; and
that the Governour of Canada has never fince fent down
any Army upon our Frontiers (as I know of) except
fome times a Scout oi Indians to take fome Prifoners, that
he might be informed of our State, and what we were
a6ting &c. and always took care that the Prifoners fo
taken fl:iould be Civily Treated, and fafely Ret.urned, as I
have been informed; that fome of the Prifoners that were
taken gave an account; fo that we have great caufe to be-

840 " JRundlet (probably q. d. Round- ^«/a, diminutive of cAa;-/*?, i.e., a " little
let), — aclofecafkforLiquors.containing writing"), — a writing, or agreement,
from three to twenty Gallons." — Bailey. between States at war, as for the ex-

S*l Cartel {ixovcicartbllus^ixovci char- change of prifoners. \_WebJler.'\

179

[I20]

lieve that the Meflage Col. Church fent by the two French
Gentlemen from Menis to the Governour of Port Royal
took Effe6l, and was a means to bring Peace in our bor-
ders, &c^ Then Col. Church with his Forces embark'd
on board the Tranfports, and went to Ca/co Bay, where
they met with Capt. Gallop in a Veffel from Bojlon, who
had brought Col Church further Orders; which v/as to
fend fome of his Forces up to Norrigiwock in purfuit of
the Enemy; but he being fenfible that the Enemy were
gone from thence, and that his Souldiers were much wore-
out & fategu'd in the hard Service they had already done,
& wanted to get home, call'd a Council, and agreed all to
go home, which accordingly they did. To Conclude this
Expedition, I will juft give a hint of fome treatment Col.
Church had before & after he came home : for all his great
Expences, Fategues & Hardfhips in and about this Expe-
dition, {viz) He received of his Excellency Fifteen Pounds
as an earnell Peny towards Railing of Volunteers; and
when he came to receive his Debenture ^^^ for his Colonels
Pay, there was 2 s. \ d. due to him; and as for his Cap-
tains Pay,^^ & Man Jack he has never received any thing
as yet. Alfo after he came home fome ill minded Perfons
did their endeavour to have taken away his Lite, for that
there was fome of the French Enemy Kill'd this Expedi-

3M Debenture^ — a writing or certifi- 343 HJg commifllon was twofold (fee

cate figned by a public officer in evi- p. 136) appointing him Captain of the

dence of a debt due; fo called becaufe, firft company of his command, as well

in Latin, fuch documents ufed to begin as Colonel of all the forces embarked

Dcbe.niur mihi, &c. upon the expedition.

[I20]

tioni^'^^but his Excellency the Governour, the Honoura-
ble Council and Houfe of Reprefentatives faw caufe to
Clear him, and gave him Thanks for his good Service
done.^^^

3" Church's language here might
almoft fuggeft that fome attempt had
been made to bring him to a capital
trial for alleged malfeafance in the mat-
ter at Pajfiimaquoddy (p. 157). But I
find no evidence of any thing of the fort.

3« The original edition of 1716 gives
evidence of that "cutting the coat
according to the cloth," which was not
unufual in books of that time, and
which li not wholly unknown now. In
the endeavor to come out even at the
end o" a page and of a fignature, the

lad two pages are fet in type of fmaller
fize than the reft of the volume, the
*|fpaces" are made thinner, and 51
lines are crowded into a page whofe
meafure has been 42. In this procefs
of compreffion, the 71/55. doubtlefs fuf-
fered fomewhat ; and, could we recover
the laft page from which Green's com-
pofitors worked, we Ihould be quite
likely to find one or two clofing re-
marks from the blunt yet courtly old
warrior, wh'ch the inexorable demands
of the " form " excluded.

FINIS,

181

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS.

(49* It will be noticed that the dates are comparatively few which can be exadlly identified.)

Day of
Week.

Day of

Month.

Year.

— — - ■ "- - - "■-=

EVENT.

Page.

—

Last of Oa.

1 688

Church received Andros's express
at Little Compton

—

11 »)

))

Church went to Boston ....

i> »»

,, Returned home ....

Th.

1 8 April

1689

The Revolution which deposed
Andros

—

-July

»»

Church waited on Governor Brad-
street, by request

—

— »

Church went to Rhode Island to
ask assistance

-Aug.

Church returned to Boston, report-
ing progress, and goes to raising
volunteers

6 Sept.

»?

Church commissicned by Governor
Hinkley for the First Expedition

i6 „

Church received his instructions
from Danforth

17 »

?»

Church received his commission
from Massachusetts, as Major .

i8 „

Church received his instructions
from Massachusetts, as Major .

—

~ )>

))

Church sailed for Falmouth, Me. .

»»

„ Had a fight with the Indians

—

1»

,, Ranged the country . . .

II Nov.

5»

„ Held a council of war at
Scarborough ....

i8s

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS.

Day of
Week.

Day of

Month.

Year.

EVENT.

Page.

13 Nov.

1689

Church held a council of war at
Falmouth

—

- Jan.

i6|H

Church returned home ....

16 „ ?

5»

„ Went back to Boston, to
plead for the down-easters . .

Th.

6 Feb.

»»

Church left his plea for them on
the Council Board, and went
home in disgust

- April

1690

Church goes to Charlestown, when
the Canada Expedition is about
to sail, to sec his friends off . .

»»

Church has an interview with the
Governor and Council. . . .

Church goes to Barnstable, to see
Governor Hinkley

——

»»

Church raises forces, and marches
them to Plymouth

2 Sept.

»»

Church is commissioned for the
Second Expedition, by Governor
Hinkley

6 "

Church reaches Portsmouth . . .

9 .»

»)

„ Receives Major Pike's In-
structions

—

»»

Church sailed for Pejepscot, and
marched to Androscoggin . .

»,

14 Sept.

»)

Church took the fort

—

„ Went to Maquait . . .

17 Sept.

„ Reached Saco

—

„ Chased the Indians . . .

20 Sept.

„ Bivouacked at Pur;pooduck

22 „

„ Came to " Cape Neddicke "

23 »

„ Sent scout to Saco . . .

26 „

„ Got back to Portsmouth .

„ Sailed for Boston in the
sloop Mary

—

-oa.

„ Lodged at Captain Alden's

67
68

~ »»

„ Borrowed 40s. of Brayton .

„ Rode home on a borrowed
horse

186

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS.

Day of
Week.

Th.

Day of

Month.

27 Nov.
29 June

25 July

- Aug.
II Aug.

3 Aug.

- Sept.

Year.

1690

1691
1692

1696

55
55
55
55
55

EVENT.

Church wrote to some Eastern gen-
tlemen

The Eastern gentlemen replied
Cliurch, on request of Mnjor Wal-
ley, from Governor Phips, goes
to Boston to consult about the
Third Eastern Expedition . .
Church receives Phips's commission
Raises volunteers. . . .
Embarks for Pemaqtiid .
Works on the fort there .
Is commissioned for Penob-
scot, &c

Ranged those regions, de-
stroying corn, &c. . .
Returned to Pemaquid. .
Has more orders for the

Kennebec

Had a fight, and burned

Teconnet Fort. . . .

Returned to Petnaquid . .

Came back to Boston and

Bristol

Is at Boston as Deputy from

Bristol

Is persuaded to go East on
a Third Expedition . .
Raises volunteers . . .
Is commissioned by Lieu-
tenant Governor Stoughton . .
Church receives his instructions

Sailed for Portsmouth . .
„ „ York ....
„ ,, Monhegan . .
(in boats) went up the Pe-
nobscot Bay ....
Had a skirmish, and took

captives

Back to the ships . . .

55
55
55
55

55
55

55
55
55
55

Page.

69
79

83
84

85
86

89-90
90

91
92

93
93

94
96

99
100

lOI
lOI

103-7
108

187

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS.

Day of
Week.

■ 1 1 a==B

Day of
Month.

rr' ■■■j-^ SI

Year.

EVENT.

Page.

1696

Church sailed for Beau Basin

109

«_

»»

„ Thence to St, John . . .

116

»j

,, On their way home from
thence interrupted and super-

seded by Colonel Hathorne . .

123

■

?»

Church home again

127

I Feb.

170I

,, Waited on Governor Dud-
ley to ofter his services against
the Indians and French, being
moved thereto by late shocking
outrages

130

5 »

Church writes Governor Dudley
his ideas on the best way of car-
rying on another expedition . .

131-13S

—

?»

Church goes to work to fit out the
Fifth Expedition

136

1 8 March

Church receives Dudley's commis-

~ »)

sion

136

^^^^

Church raises volunteers in all the

towns of the three counties of

the Old Colony

137

1704

Church marches his troops to Nan-
tasket

138

Th.

4 May

9»

,, Receives his instructions .

141

—

»'

„ Went by land to Ports-
mouth

—

»?

„ Raises another company
there

1»

„ Moves to Matinicus . .

146

7 June

„ Takes prisoners who give
him information . . .

146

^^^

~ >5

„ Went up the river, had a
fight, and took prisoners, some of
whom were knocked on the head

150-157

~ 11

5»

Church failed to take Chartier

160

—^

~ M

„ Burned the Indians' fish .

161

•

1»

„ Returned, vvent on board
the transports, and sailed for
Port Royal and Les Mines .

162

188

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS.

Day of
Week.

T.
W.

Th.

F.
T.

Day of

Month.

20 June
21

i»

23 »

4j"iy

5»

Year.

1704

»»

»i

»5

EVENT.

Page.

Church reached Lcs Mines, and

summoned its surrender . . .

Church burned the town, and took

many prisoners

Church dug down their dams, and
spoiled tlieir crops ; and at night

captured Pigiguit

Church took Cobeguit, &c. . . .*
„ Sailed for Port Royal . .
Had a council of war at
Port Royal ....
Went up to Beau Basin,
which they spoiled again
Sailed for Passamaquoddy
Took Du Bois's wife pris-
oner

Sailed for Mount Desert,
and so to Casco, and home . .
The Governor, Council, and House
of Representatives clear Colonel
Church of all imputations of mis-
conduct, and give him thanks for
his good service done ....

»»

5»

»»

)»

163-5
166-8

168-169
173

174-175

176

177

178-180

181

189

INDEX.

The Roman numerals refer to pages in the IntroduLlion. The Arabic figures
refer to pages in the " History," the numbering in all cases being found at the
bottom of each successive page. The names of Indians are in italics.

Adams, Rev. William, of Dedham, xiv. ;

Nathaniel, 77 note.
Addincrton, Ifaac, notice of, 11 note.
Alden, Capt. John, a nava' commander,
66 note, 67 tiote, 74; mention of him,
iio, 120; William, 107.
Alexander, or Wam/titta, fon oi Mnjli-
foit, fuccceds his father, xx. ; brougnt
to Plymouth, xxi. ; not ill treated
there, xxii. ; the fads ftated, ibid.;
dies, ibid.
Alger, Andrew, killed, u.*i note.
Allen, Rev. James, of Bofton, xiii.
Alljn, Samuel, of Barnftablc, 42.
Amos, Capt., commands an Indian com-
pany, 7 note.
Andrews, Elilha, 29 note, 64 note,'j\;

James, 64 note; Samuel, ibid.
Andros, Sir Edmund, his hiftory, i note ;
fends for Capt. Church, i ; fent prif-
oner to England, 32; date of this
event, ibid. note.
Androfcoggin, or Amerafcogen, de-
fcribed, 49 note.

25 193

Arnold, Re%'. Samuel, of Marflifield, xiii.
Atherton, Rev. Hope, of Hatfield, xv.
Auftin, Matthew, 73 note.

Baker, Rev. Nicholas, of Scituate, xiv.;

Thomas, a prifoner to the Indians,

efcapes, 58; notice of him, ibid. note.
Barbarities of t'lo Indians, r^g.
Barker, Lieut., killed at Les Mines, 168.
Barnard, Benjamin, 54 note.
Baffett, William, 29 note.
Belcher, Andrew, 1^0 not.-^.
Berry, Thomas, 27 note.
Billingfgate Point, defcribed. 42 note.
Bit, a filver coin, its value, 85 note.
Black Point, where, 28 note; a fort

there, ibid.
Blue Point, where, 29 note.
Boad, Henry, 107 note-
Bourne, Rev. Richard, miffionarj', xvii.
Bowers, Rev. John, of Branford, xiv.
Brackett, Anthony, 17 note; account

of, 21 note ; lliot by the Indians, ibid.,

INDEX.

27 iioic ; his children, 21 note: An-
thony, his fon, efcapes, 60; again
mentioned, 104, 120.

Bradford, William, deputy-governor,
xxi. xxii. 40 tiote.

Bradftrcct, Rev. Simon, of New Lon-
don, xiv. ; Simon, governor of MafTa-
chufetts, 3; his hiftory, ibid, note;
fends for Church, 4.

Bramhall, Mr., of Cafco, mortally
wounded, 27 nolc.

Brayton, Stephen, of Portfmouth, R.I.,
a drover, 68 ; lends money to Church,
ibid. ; Francis, ibid.

Bridgway, or Bourgeois, Jarman, iii,
112, 113.

Brimfmead, Rev. William, of Marlbor-
ough, XV.

Brock, Rev. Joni , of South Reading,
xiv.

Brown, John, captain in Church's Fifth
Expedition, 13S, 175; notice of him,
138 note.

Browne, Rev. Edmund, of Sudbury,
xiv. ; Thomas, of Cafco, wounded, 27
note.

Buckingham, Rev. Thomas, of Say-
brook, xiv.

Bulkley, Rev. Edward, of Concord, xiii. ;
Rev. Gerfliom, of Wethersfield, xiv.

Burton, Thomas, 27 note.

Buttolph, Prifcilla, 10 note.

Byfield, Nathaniel, of Briftol, 40 note,
69 note.

Carter, Rov. Thomas, of Woburn, xiv.

Cafco, in danger from Indians, 17 ; fight
with Indians there, 23-26 ; arrange-
ments made by Church for their fafe-
ty, 30; he returns home, 31; Cafco
taken by the Indians, and the inhabi-

tants killed or carried away, 36 ; the
dead remain unburied two years,
85 note; buried by Phips's foldiers,
ibid.

Caflin, Vincent de St., account of, 19
note ; his lucrative trade with the
Indians, ibid. ; violates the c loitula-
tion of Cafco, and deftrovs ' ■> in-
habitants, 36; commands an ^adian
force at the taking of Fort William
Henry, Pemaquid, 98 note ; his daugh-
ter and her children taken prifoners
by Church, 150.

Cawley, or Caule, Robert, of Pema-
quid, 107 ; notice of him, ibid. note.

Chartier. See S/iarkce.

Chauncey, Rev. Nathaniel, of Windfor,
xiii.

Chubb, Pafco, furrenders Fort William
Henry to the Indians, 98 note; is
mui'dered at Andover, with his wife,
ibid.

Church, Capt. Benjamin, at Saconet,
Little Compton, i ; is fent for by
Gov. Andros, ibid. ; arrives in Bof-
ton, 2 ; the Governor propofes an
Eaftern expedition, 3; Church de-
clines the undertuRing, ibid.; is fent
for by Gov. Bradftreet after the over-
throw of Andros, 4; comes to Bof-
ton, ibid. ; undertakes an expedition
againfl: the Indians " in the Ealtcrn
Parts," ibid. ; goes to Rhode Illand
to obtain afliftance, and returns to
Bofton, 5 ; his commiflion from the
Council of War, 6 ; commiffion from
the Prefidont of Maine, 8; commif-
fioned as Major by the Governor and
Council of Maflachufetts Bay, 9; in-
Itrudtions from the Commiflioners of
the United Colonies, 11; his First
Eastern Expedition, 16; arrives at
Cafco, ibid. ; hears of Indians in the

194

INDEX.

neighborhood, 17 ; orders given by
him, 19; embarraffed by the bullets
furniflied be.ng too large, 22 ; his
force attacked by a body of Indians,
ibid. ; their repulfe, 26 ; he vifits the
garrifons at Black Point, &c., 28;
holds a council of war at Scarbor-
ough, 29 tiotc ; makes arrangements
for the fecurity of the Eaftern fettle-
ments, 30; returns home at the ap-
proach of winter, 31 ; fpends three
weeks in Bofton, 33; rep.efents to
the Governor and Council the ex-
pofed condition of the Eaftern fettle-
ments, 33-35 ; this reprefentation not
attended to, 36 ; flender compenfation
of Church, ibid.; his Second East-
ern Expedition, 37 ; he comes again
to Bofton, 38; the Council confult
him in refpedl to the war, 39; his
anfwer, 40; goes to Barnftable to fee
Gov. Hinckley, ibid. ; raifes a force,
and marches with it to Plymouth,
41 ; finds no preparation there, ibid.;
commiflioned by the Council of War
of Plymouth Colony for a fecond ex-
pedition to Maine, 42 ; their inftruc-
tions to him, 44-47 ; arrives at Pif-
cataqua [Portfmouth], 47 ; receives
inftrudlions there from Major Pike,
48; fails for Pejepfcot, 50 woj^c; lands
at Maquoit in Freeport, ibid. ; re-
leafes two Englilh captives, 51 ; takes
the fort at Pejepfcot [Brunfwick],
ibid. ; fpares an Indian captive, 55 ;
kills others, ibid. ; returns to Maquoit,
56; fails to Winter Harbor [Saco],
ibid. ; puts the Indians to flight, 57 ;
difagreement between him and his
captains, 59; arrives at Purpooduck,
60 ; encounters Indians there, 62 ;
comes to Wells, 64; and to Portf-
mouth, 65 ; fends home his foldiers,

66; fails for Bofton in ftoop Mary,
ibid. ; deftitute of money, and gets
none from the government, 67, 68;
tries to borrow a fmall fum. and is
rcfufed, 67; borrows forty Ihillings
of a drover, 68 ; returns home, ibid. ;
a lofer by his patriotic fervices, ibid. ;
his letter to Wheelwright and oth-
ers, refpe(5ling the mifreprefentations
which had been made of his conduct,
and his confequent lofs of favor from
the government, 69-76; ftate of things
in Maine after Church's departure, 74 ;
application to him from gentlemen
at the eaftward for help againft the
Indians, 79, 80; his anfwer, 81; his
Third Eastern Expedition, 82 ; in-
vited by Gov. Phips to accompany
him in his expedition into Maine, 83 ;
Church confents, and receives a com-
miflion, ibid. ; is forced to borrow
money in order to go, 84; arrives at
Pemaquid, 85; is difinclined to have
a fort built there, 86; is fent to fight
the Indians on the Penobfcot, ibid. ;
his inftrudions from Phips, 87 ;
ranges thofe parts, and deftroys the
enemy's corn, 90; returns to Pema-
quid, ibid. ; is ordered to the Kenne-
bec, ibid. ; has a brufti there with
the Indians, ibid. ; returns once more
to Pemaquid, 92 ; returns to Bofton,
and again deprived By the govern-
ment of his juft dues, ibid. ; is a
deputy in the General Court from
Briftol, 93; his Fourth Eastern
Expedition, ibid. ; raifes a volun-
teer force, ibid. ; receives a commif-
fion from Lieut. Gov. Stoughton, 94;
his inftrudlions to Church, 96, 97;
fails for Pifcataqua, 99 ; lands at
York, 100; proceeds to Saco, ibid.;
arrives at Monhegan, loi ; afcends

J95

INDEX.

Penobfcot Bay and River as far as
Old Town, I02, 103; returns to his
veflels at the mouth of tlie river, 106 ;
vifits Mount Defert and other places,
but finds no enemy, 108; tails up the
Bay of Fundy and lands at Beau
Bafin, no; the enemy take to flight,
in; Church takes feveral prifoners,
112, 113; penetrates into the country,
and returns to Beau Bafin, 114; his
difcourfe with the Acadians, 114, 115;
rcfi:rains his Indian followers from
hurting them, 115; enters the river
St. John, 116; flvirmifli with the
French, 117; is fuperfeded by Col.
llathorne, 123 ; returns to Bofton,

127

his Fifth Eastern Expedi-

tion, 128; he ofiers his fervices again
to the government, 130 ; his plan for
a campaign againit the Indians, 131-

13.5;

his commiffion from Gov. Dud-

ley, 136 ; raifes volunteers, 137 ; in
this incurs heavy expenfe, not re-im-
burfed, 138; requefts permiflion to
attack Port Royal in Acadia, 139; is
denied, 140, 141 ; his inftru6tions from
Gov. Dudlej^ 141-145; proceeds on
the expedition, 146 ; takes prifoners
and obtains information from them,
147-149; takes Caftin's daughter at
Penobfcot, 150; fcours the coafi: as
far as Paffamaquoddy, 150, 151 ; writes
to Dudley a hiftory of his proceedings,
151-159; his adlions at PaflTamaquod-
dy, 152 ; is greatly difpleafed with a
party of his own foldiers, and why,
156; a bufy night, 157; embarks for
Les Mines, 162 ; demands the fur-
render of that town, 163 ; the docu-
ment inferted, 163-165 ; takes pof-
feflion of the town, 166; makes a
" temperance movement," 167 ; burns
the town, 168 ; takes many prifoners.

196

169; fends a threatening meflage to
Port Royal and Qiiebec, with good
refults, 170; his conference with the
prifoners taken at Mines, 171 ; tells
them of Dcorfield, and threatens re-
taliation, 172; the prifoners greatly
frightened, ibid. ; he fails for Port
Royal, 173 ; a council of war diflTuade
from an attack on that place, 175 ; the
document given, ibid.; takes polTeflion
of Chignei5lo, or Beau Bafin, after a
fkirmilh, 176; returns to t liTama-
quoddy, ibid. ; receives information
that the Indians had gone to Nor-
ridgewock, 177 ; fails to Mount Defert,
178; to Cafco, and returns to Bolton,
180 ; receives thanks, but no pay, i8o,
181. See Chronological Table, at
the clofe of the volume.

Church, Caleb, of Watertown, brother
of Benjamin, 68; notice of him, ibid,
note; his children, ibid.; Conllantj
captain in the Fifth Eafl;ern Expedi-
tion, 139, 146, 175; Edward, captain
in the fame expedition, 139, 167, 175.

Clark, Thaddeus, of Falmouth, 25 note,
29 note; killed by Indians, ibid.; his
family, ibfd. ; Walter, governor of
Rhode Ifland, notices of him, 5 note;
his family, ibid. ; Ifaac, ibid. ; Wil-
liam, captain, notice of him, 140
note.

Cobbet, Rev. Thomas, of Ipfwich, xiii.

Cole, James, captain in the Fifth Eaft-
ern Expedition, 139, 153, 175.

Collins, Rev. Nathaniel, of Middletown,

XV.

Conne(5licut, towns fettled therein, in

1675, X.
Converfe, Capt. James, of Woburn,

with Church, 60; notices of him, ibid.

note ; comes to Bofton with Church,

66 ; deftitute of money, 67.

INDEX.

Cook, John, captain in Church's Fifth
Eaftern Expedition, 139, 146, 167, 175.

Cooke, Dr. Elillia, 15 7iote.

Cotton, Rev. John, of PiyniOuth, xiii. ;
Rev. Seaborn, of Hampton, xiii.

Culhing, John, of Scituate, 40 note.

Cutt, Ricliard, 76 note ; John, 80 note.

Dane, Rev. Francis, of Andover, xiv.
Danforth, Rev. Samuel, of Roxbury,
xiii. ; Thomas, piefident of Maine,
his commiffion to Church, 8; notices
of him, 9 note.

Daniel, Capt., leader of an Indian com-
pany, 7 note.

Davis, Ambrofe, 2C)note : Silvanus, no-
tices of, 14 note; his refidence, 18 note;
prefent at a council of war, 29 note.

Deerfield deftrojed by the Indians, 128,
129; this moves Church to undertake
his Fifth Eaftern Expedition, 130; he
threatens the French with fimilar
treatment, 164, 170.

Deering, James, 21 note.

Doney, half Frenchman, half Indian,
51 note, 57 note.

Drake, Abraham, 21 note.

Dudley, Jofeph, governor of Maffachu-
fetts, his commiffion to Church, 136;
notices of him, ibid, note ; his family,
ibid. ; his inftru(5lions to Church, 141-
HS-

Dummer, Rev. Shubael, of York, xv.

Dyer, John, captain in Church's Fifth
Expedition, 139, 175.

Eafton, John, his account of a con-
ference between Philip and the Eng-
lifli, xxviii.

Eaton, Daniel, 37 note.

Ebens [Evans], Edward, 27 note.

Eddy, Edee, fergeant, 160.

Eliot, Rev. John, of Roxbury, xiii. xvii. ;

Rev. Jofeph, of Guilford, xiv.
Elliot, Robert, of Scarborough, 80 note.
Elkins, Henry, 17 note.
Emerfon, Rev. John, of Gloucefter, xiv. ;

Rev. Jofeph, of Mendon, xv.

Eftabrook, Rev. Joseph, of Concord, xiii.
Expedition, Firft, 16.

Second, 37.
Third, 82.
Fourth, 93.
Fifth, 128.

Fellows, William, 145.

Fernald, William, of Kittery, furgeon,

80 note.
Finney, Jeremiah, of Briftol, R.I., 70

note ; Jofiah, ibid.
Fifke, Rev. John, of Chelmsford, xv.

Rev. Mofes, of Qiiincy, xiv.
Fitch, Rev. James, of Norwich, xv.
Flint, Rev. Jofiah, of Dorchefter, xiii.
Fobes, William, 85.

Foxwell, Philip, 29 wo/c/ Richard, //!>/</.
Freeman, John, of Eaftham, 40 note.
Freeze, James, mortally wounded, 27

note.
Frontenac, Count, his expedition against

the Maquas or Iroquois, 104 note.
Froft, Charles, Major, notice of, 77 ttote.
Fryer, Nathaniel, of Portfmouth, N.H.,

76 ttote.

Gallifon, Elilha, 29 note.

Gedney, Col. Bartholemew, commands

a force at York, 99; notices of him,

ibid, note ; John, ibid.

197

INDEX.

Gendall, Walter, 17 note.

Glover, Rev. Pelatiah, of Springfield,
xiii.

Goodwin, Ozias, 16 note.

Gorham, Capt. John, fecond in com-
mand under Church in his Fourth
Expedition, 97; notice of him, /'^/d/.
note ; is fent hy Church to Winter
Harbor [Saco], 100; fecond in com-
mand under Church in his Fifth Ex-
pedition, 138, 152, 162, 165, 173, 175.

Gourdon, or Gourdan, a Frenchman,
148, 153, 155.

Green, Samuel, dies of fmall-pox, 32
ftotc.

Gj-les, John, fent with a flag of truce to
demand the furrender of Les Mines
in Nova Scotia, 163, 203.

Hale, Rev. John, of Beverly, xv.
Hall, Nathaniel, 10 note, 12, 27, 29 note,

30 note.
Hanford, Rev. Thomas, of Norwalk,

XV.

Haraden, John, of Gloucefter, 145 / ote,

175; Edward, ibid.
Hathorne, Col. John, fuperfedes Church

in the command of the Fourth Eaftern

Expedition, 123, 124.
Hawkins, John, an Indian. See Kan-

kamagus.
Hajnes, Rev. Jofeph, of Hartford, xiii.

XV.

Heard, Ann, of Cochecho [Dover], 54

note.
Higginfon, Rev. John, of Salem, xiii.
Hill, John, 30 note.
Hilton, Edward, 146; Winthrop, major

in Church's Fifth Eaftern Expedition,

146, 153, 162, 165, 173, 175.

Hinckley, Thomas, governor of Ply-
mouth Colony, 6 ; notices of, ibid,
note, 40 note.

Ilobart, Rev. Jeremiah, of Topsfield,
xiv. ; Rev. Nehemiah, of Newton, xv. ;
Rev. Peter, of Hingham, xiii.

Holmes, Rev. John, of Duxbury, xiii.

Homes, David, killed, 27 note.

Hooke, Francis, of Kittery, So ; notices
of, ibid., note.

Hooker, Rev. Samuel, of Farmington,

XV.

Huckins, James, of Oyfter River [now
Durham, N.H.], 54 note; Robert,
ibid.; his wife intercedes for an In-
dian captive, 54.

Ilunniwell, Richard, 30 note, 58 note ;
notices of, 77 note; "the Indian kill-
er," ibid. ; with Church at St. John,
120.

Iberville, Lemoine d', a (kilful naval
commander, his name ftrangely me-
tamorphofed by Church, 105 ; founds
a colony on the Mifliflippi, ibid,
note.

Indians, their numbers in 1675, x. In-
dians, Praying, their numbers in 1675,
xvi. ; improved condition of the In-
dians, xix. ; caufesof the Indian war,
xxxi. ; Indians accompany Church in
his expedition, 20; Indians attack
Church at Cafco, 22 ; are repulfed,
26; take the fort at Pejepfcot Falls
[Brunfwick], 39; evacuate it, 50 ; are
put to flight at Saco, 57 ; and at Pur-
pooduck, 63; kill feveral prifoners,
64 ; aflc for peace, 74 ; their treacher-
ous condu(5t, 79 ; attacked by Church,
and their fort at Taconick [Winflow]
burned, 91, 106; fome are flain by

198

INDEX.

Church's foldiers on the Penobfcot,

103; Indian barbarities at Deerfield,

128, 129.
Ingerlbll, George, 29 note.
Inventory and equipments of a French

fort, 117 note.

Jacob, Richard, 10 note.
Jacobs, Nicholas, of Ilingham, 72 note.
Jones, Rev. Eh'phalet, of Stamford, xiv.
Jordan, Dominicus, 28 note, 57 note;

Rev. Robert, 28 note.
Jofe, Richard, 17 note.

Kankamagus, or John Hawkins, a
^ fachem of Pennacook, 53 note, 64.
Keith, Rev. James, of Bridgewater, xv.

Lafaure. Sec Lcfevre.

Lamb, Jofliua, captain in Church's Fifth
Expedition, 139, 175.

Lane, Edward, fon of Edward, of Bof-
ton, 2 note; his name changed to
Paige, ibid.

Larkin, captain with Church at St.
John, 120.

Lathrop, or Lothrop, John, of Barnfta-
ble, 41 ; his family, ibid, note ; Jofeph,
of Barnftable, notice of, 73 note; his
family, ibid.

Lawrence, Robert, 29 note, 30 note.

Lee, Abram, 17 fwte ; Efther, his wife,
gives information concerning In-
dians, 19; Samuel, minifter of Brif-
tol, R.-I,, his hiftory, 70 note.

Lefevre, Lafebure, oi- Laiaure. a prifoner
to Church in his Fifth Expedition, 147.

Lightfoot, a friendly Indian captain, 22.

Little, Ifaac, of Marlb field, 40 note.

Littlefield, John, fon of Edmund of
Wells, 73 note.

Lofles funained by the colonies in
Philip's War, xxxi.

Loyall, Fort, in Falmouth, 17 note.

Maine, progrefs of colonization in, in
1675, ix.

Mulhpce Indians furnifhed foldiers in
Church's expeditions, and in the
Revolutionary War, 20 note.

Martin, or Martyn, Richard, notice of,
80 note.

Mafon, Samuel, notice of, 15 note;

John, killed, 27 note.
Maffachufetts, progrefs of colonization

therein, in 1675, ix.
MafiTachufetts Indians, number in 1675,

Mather, Rev. Incrcafe, of Bofton, xiv.
Maxwell, James, notice of, 39 note.
Mayflower company, furvivors in 1675,
xi.

Mayhew, Rev. John, of Tifbury, xv;

Experience, 7 note.
Mitton, Michael, 21 note, 25 note, 6^note.
Moody, Rev. Jolhua, of Portfmouth, xv.
Myrick, or Mirick, Ifaac, captain in

Church's Fifth Eaftern Expedition,

139. ^53> 175-

Narraganfetts, their number in 1675, x.

New England, its condition in 1675,'ix!

I xvii.; lofles by Philip's War, xxxi.
199

INDEX.

New Ilampfliire, progrcfs of coloniza-
tion in, in 1675, ix.

Newman, Rev. Noah, of Rehobotlv, xiv.

Newton, Rev. Roger, of Miiford, xiv.

Nipmuk Indians, number in 1675, x.

Niimfas, a friendly Indian in Church's
Firft Expedition, 7 note, 20 note, 27,
37 note.

Oakcs, Rev. Urian, of Cambridge, xiii.

Paige, Nicholas, of Boflon, meets Col.
Church in Braintree, 2; his hiftorv,
ibid. note.

Paine, John, no.

Palmer, Mr., of Cafco, wounded, 27
note; John, 29 note,

Palfgrave, John, 81 note.

Parker, Rev. Thomas, of Newbury, xiii.

Pautucket Indians, number in 1675, x.

Pemaquid, extent of application of the
word, S5 note ; Church, as fecond in
command to Gov. Phips, arrives
there, 85 ; defcription of the fort built
there by Phips [Fort William Henry],
86 note ; the fort taken by the enemy
four years after, 98.

Pepperell, William, notice of, 143 note.

Pequots, their numbers in 1675. x.

Perkins, Rev. William, of Topsfield,
xiv.

Philip, or Pomctacom, the Indian chief,
accufed of plotting againft the Eng-
lilh, xxiii. ; goes to Plymouth, xxiv. ;
mifconceptions of his character and
plans, XXV. ; had not been ill-treated
by the Englilh, i'lid. ; extravagantly
overrated, xxvi. ; Dr. Palfrey's ac-

count of him more juft, ibid. ; no
proof of any extenfive plot of his,
ibid. ; reported conference between
him and the Englilh, xxviii.

Phillips, Rev. Samuel, of Rowley, xiv.

Phips, Sir William, his eventful hiftory,
82 note ; invites Church to .iccompany
him on his Eaftern Expedition, 83;
gives him a couimiffion, ibid. ; con-
flrutSts a Arong fort at Pemaquid
[Fort William Henry], 86 note; re-
turns to Boflon. 91 ; his wife figns a
difcharge for a lady accufed of witch-
craft, ibid. note.

Pike, Robert, Major, of Salifljury, raifes
foldiers for Church, 48; his inltruc-
tions to Church, 4S-50 ; notice of him,

48 note ; letter of Church to him, re-
fpedting reports circulated to Church's
di fad vantage, 77.

Pitkin, William, account of, 15 note,

49 note.
Plaillcd, Ichabod, 66.

Plymouth Colony, its flow progrcfs in
wealth and population, xviii. ; pays
the debt incurred in Philip's War,
xxxi. ; engages in the war with the
Eallern Indians, 6 ; its commiflion
to Church, 6, 42 ; fchedule of the
number of foldiers required of each
town in 16S9, 6 note; a fimilar
fchedule in 1690, 43 note; debt in-
curred by the Colony for the Eaftern
war, ibid.

Pokanokets, number in 1675, x.

Pollard, William, an inn-keeper in Bof-
ton, 38 note.

Portfmouth, Church arrives there, 47 ;
fmall-pox there, 65 ; Church there
again, ibid. ; its name changed from
Strawberry Bank, 66 note.

Prince, Samuel, 7 note.

Prout, Timothy, 31 note.

200

INDEX.

Ramfdell, Jofeph, of Lynn, (lain by

Indians, 63 note.
Reyner, Rev. John, of Dover, xiii.
Rhode Ifland, progrefs of colonization

in 1675, X. ; its condition at that time,

xvii.
Rogers, George, 145, 146, 175.
Row, Giles, killed, 27 uote.
Rowlandfon, Rev. Jofeph, of Lancafter,

XV.

Ruflell, Rev. John, of Iladley, xv.

Saffin, John, 15 note.

Sajfamon, difclofes Philip's plot againft

the Englilh, xxiii. ; murdered, xxiv.
Scammon, Richard, 17 note; Anne,

ibid. ; Humphrey, of Saco, 57 note.
Scottow, Jofliua, 28 note; Thomas, ibid.;

notices of him, 31 note, 36.
Sewall, Samuel, notices of him, 38 note.
Sharkee, or Chartier, 148, 157, 158, 159,

160, 161.
Shepard, Rev. Thomas, of Charleftown,

xiii.
Sherman, Rev. John, of Watertown,

xiii.
Shove, Rev. George, of Taunton, xiii.
Small-pox in Bofton, 32, 37 ; in Portf-

mouth, 65 ; on board of fome of

Church's tranfports, ibid.; fome of

his men feek to deceive him in re-
gard to it, ibid.
Smith, Kev. John, of Sandwich, xiii.;

Thomas, commander of the frigate

Jerfey, 145, 146, 175.
Southack, Cyprian, commander of the

Province galley, 123 note, 143, 162,

175-

26 201

Southworth, William, a lieutenant in
Church's Firft Expedition, 27 ; ac-
count of him, ibid, note; chofen by
the Indians their captain, 37 note.

Sparrow, Jonathan, of Eaftham, ^onote.

Sprague, William, of Hingham, 68 note.

Spurwink, where, 28 note.

Stoddard, Rev. Solomon, of North-
ampton, XV.

Story, Jofeph, 73, 76.

Stoughton, William, Lieut. Gov., his
commifllon to Church, 94; notice of
him, ibid, note ; his letter to Church,
transferring the command to Col.
Ilathorne, 123, 124.

Street, Rev. Nicholas, of New Haven,
xiv.

Swain, Jeremiah, notice of, 13 note.

Swarton, John, from the ifland of Jer-
fey, 23; killed by Indians at Cafco,
ibid, note ; Hannah, taken by Indians,
ibid.; Jolhua and Joanna, ibid.; Mary,
ibid.

Thacher, Rev. Thomas, of Bofton, xv. ;

John, of Yarmouth, 40 note.
Thaxter, Thomas, 27 note.
Thomas, Nathaniel, notices of, 72 note ;

his family, ibid.
Thorpe, Robert, of York, 107 note.
Tolman, Peter, of Newport, 68 note.
Torrey, Rev. Samuel, of Weymouth,

xiii.
Trading -houfes, or truck- houfcs,

Church's opinion of them, 134.
Treat, Rev. Samuel, of E.-iitham, xiv.
Tyng, Edward, 25 tiote, 136 note.

Vaughan, William, of Portfmouth, N.
H., 'jCnote; his family, ibid.; he and

INDEX.

others apply to Churcli for help
againft the Indians, 79; George, Si
note.
Villebon, Chevalier, 114 uote.

Wakeman, Rev. Samuel, of Fairfield,

xiv.
Waldron, or Walderne, Major Richard,

17 note; his children, ibid.; Efther,

his daughter, a captive to the Indians,

ibid.
Walker, Rev. Zechariah, of Woodbury,

XV.

Walley, Major John, 10 nole, 15 note,
37, 40 tiote ; is defired by Gov. Phips
to fpeak to Church about going again
to Maine, 83 ; Rev. Thomas, of Barn-
ftable, xiv. 43 note,

Walton, Shadrach, colonel and judge,
51 ?ioti'. ; his family, ibid.; George,
ibid, ; Benjamin, ibid.

Ward, Rev. John, of Haverhill, xiv.

Waterhoufe, Richard, 81 note.

Wells, Rev. Thomas, of Amefbury, xv.

Whale-boats, much ufed in Church's
Fifth Expedition, 131, 139, 147, 150,
151, 159, 169, 171, 177; explanation
of their fpecial value in fuch an affair,
171 note.

Wheelwright, Rev. John, of Salilbury,
xiv.; John, Efquire, of Wells, 73 note,
75 ; letter addreffed to him by Church,
69-76.

Whiting, Rev. Samuel, of Lynn, xiii.;

Rev. Samuel, of Billerica, xv.
Whitman, Rev. Zechariah, of Hull, xiv.
Wigglefworth, Rev. Michael, of Maiden,

ibid.
Wjllard, Rev. Samuel, xv. ; Simon,

notices of, 10 note, 29 note.
William Henry, fort at Pemaquid, de-

fcribed, 86 tiote ; taken by the French

and Indians, 98 note.
Williams, Eunice, wife of Rev. John,

of Deerfield, flain by Indians, 128.
Williamfon, Capt. Caleb, 139, 175;

notice of, 139.
Wilfon, Rev. John, of Medfield, xiv.
Wincol, John, of Kittery, 80 note.
Winflow, Jofiah, brings Alexander, the

Indian fachem, to Plymouth, xxi.
Winter, John, notice of, 56 not .
Winter Harbor, 56 note.
Witchcraft delufion, 91 uote.
Witherell, Rev. William, of Scituate,

xiv.
Withington, Mary, 9 note.
Woodbridge, Rev. Benjamin, of Wind-

for, XV. ; Dorothy, 'jOnotc ; Rev. John,

of Killingworth, xv.
Woodman, John, of Little Compton,

84.
Worombos, an Indian fachem, 53, 64.

York, Jofeph, pilots Church up the
Penobfcot, 102, 105, 106.

202

N O T E.

My aUciilioM lias been kindly called, by the Rev. J. A. Vinton, —
who has prepared the foregoing Index, — to sundry statements in note
323 (P- 163), concerning the Gylescs, father and son, which he conceives
to be inaccurate. Those statements were made upon the testimony of
Sewall, who expressly refers, in regard to some of them, to an incom-
plete MSS. narrative of the Rev. Mr. Vinton, of the date of 1853, «"<>
who was therefore supposed to have, in this case, special authority.
In order to place the reader in possession of all the facts, however,
I gladly append here the following, prepared by Mr. Vinton, — con-
taining facts subsequently brought to light, — which note, if it had not
been too late, woidd have been substituted for the note referred to.

H. iM. 1).

John Gyles (p. 163 ante), born in what is now tlie town of Topsliam, Me., about
the year 1678, was son of Thomas Gyles (who, after a residence of some years on
Merrymeeting Bay, where tiie Androscoggin joins the Kennebec, went to England
to attend to some family matters, then returned to New England, and purchased
a large farm at Pemaquid, where he was Chief-Justice, under the ducal govern-
ment, of the County of Cornwall, and was killed by the Indians, Aug. 2. 16S9) •
was carried off by the Indians, after his father's death, to their savage haunts on
the upper waters of the river St. John, in the present province of New Brunswick.
After severe sufferings among them during six years, he was purchased by a French
gentleman residing on that river, who treated him kindly, and who, three years
afterward, permitted him to return to his friends at Boston. He served the Gov-
ernment of Massachusetts thirty-eight years, with some interruptions, as inter-
preter in their transactions with the Indians, and as commander of several mili-
tary posts on the frontiers; was a man of great courage, and of stern, unbending
integrity; retired from the military service in 1737, and took up hi residence in
Roxbury, near Boston, where he died in 1755, aged 77. In 1736, he printed a
narrative of his adventures, which is still extant. [Vinton's Giles Memorial,
pp. 103-111, 122-129.]

203