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Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmds en commenpant par la premidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre film^s d des taux de reduction diffirents. Lorsqua le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est filmd d partir de I'angle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images n^cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 r Seotiok II., 1S98. [103] Thaxh. R. S. C. VW.—Thc Cabots. Notes addrossi'd to llie Hoy.il Society of ('(iiiiulii in I'ccl ilicatiou of some statements ill papers coiitrihutL'd by Mr. S. !•;. Dawson (o llio TruiiHuclioiis .if 18iM, ISil.-) and IHil?. By Hknry IfAnRissK. (Presented by Sir .lolin llonrinot and reaii May 25th, 1S08.) T. " Mr. ffarrisse, who, in his 'Jo/in and l^rbasfhin f^nliot,' hint lorittm in favour of Cape lircton, has, in his fat est luxih, ' The Discorerij of North America,' ffonc bade to Laln-ailnr. He [Jiad previoush/li decided for Cape Percy:' (Di-. Duwson's moiiograi)li of 18!I4. j). 5-1; of 1896, p. 10; of 1808, )). 141.) If during many \'oars Dr. Daw.son liolieved the landfall of John Cabot to have been in Newfoundland, and afterwards believed that it was at Cape Breton, I do not .see wiiy 1 could not believe as well in 18!)6 Cabot's landfall to have been in Labrailor. !su])]X).sing that in 18f<2 I be- lieved it was at Cape Breton. But, as luck will have it, I happen never to have written "in favour of Cape Breton," and .still less to b.ave " de- cided for Ca])e Percy." What I have said is, that tlie map of 7.1^4 l'>eatcd the Landfall in Cajie Breton, or at Cape Percy, And at the same time, I expressed my lack of confidence either in that cartographical averment or in the map itself. Here are the very words written by me on the subject in 1882, in the "John and Sebastian Cabot : " ''La localiti' indiqut'e sui- la niappemonde do 1544 comme atterrisseraent de Jean et de Sebastien Cabot en 14!t7, ne peut etro, d'apres ee document, que le pays correspondant sur nos cartes h I'ile du Cap Breton."' (Jean ct S^bastien Cabot. Paris, 1882, p. (]4.) '• C'est done au Cap Percd, et nulle part ailleurs que, selon la carte de 1344, Jean et S^bastien Cabot ont atterri ; c'est \k que, les premiers entre les navigateurs du XV'' siecle, ils aurai.cnt [sic, and not '■ ils onf] foul^ le sol du continent americain." {Op. cit., p. 66.) " Cette analyse repose sur la prisomption que les proHls de la mappc- monde do Cabot proviennent de documents cartographiques contempo- rains de la decouverte. Peut-on cependant aftirmer ce fait et voir dans ces delineations une lid61e copie des epurcs de .loan Cabot on de sop fils ? " {Loc. cit.) " II importe de rdsoudre cette question, car si la carte de 1544 a ^t^ dressee entierement tie m^moire, ou d'apres des releves faits par des carto- 104 KOYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA ffniphos IVuiiyais (Hi |i()rtu<;;ais, trciilo on (nuirantt- iins api'oM la (Idcoiiwrto, toutcs k'S analyses tie oc (locnmont pechont par la liaso, ot v'vM jicine iierdiie do s't'vertiier pDUV en resoudrc Ics points douttux." {()/>. I'it., \k 61.) 1 then jiroei'i'dcd to show that the Canadian portion of Cabot's phvni- sphoro has been pla.t^iarized from a Dio])pe map, addinir the following remark • " Si notro tht'orio est oxactc, le loctcur so rendra ooini)te du pen do marantic qu'otVro un point d'attorr.ssoment dtabli dans cos conditions, et combien peuvont etre contcstables les contours qui servent do base a unc approximation aussi tardive." (Op. eif., p. S4.) '• II est done possible que, malgre les assertions, Cabot ait atterri on 1497 71071 a I'lle da Cap lireto/u mais siir la cote du Labrador. II Hait meme dans Ui 7iature des dioses que, partis do Bristol les Cabots vinssent 7j abordcr, plutotqu'a Vcnti'ie du yolfe St-Laurenf. {0/>. rit., p. 9(J.) II. " 7ft his latter boohs Mr. Ilarrisse transferred the landfall to the abs"- Jutely Impossible Cape Chidley. In dwelling upon the amazinij quant It ;i of codfish as a crucial indication of the true landfall, Mr. Ilarrisse has con- clusivelij disproved his main thesis, for the codfish do not arrive at Cape Chidley unti.1 August 15th, fire days after John Cabot is known to hare been in Lo7idon." (Dr. Dawson's monograph of 189G, p. 10.) This ar'nunent of Dr. Dawson has found great favour with Canadian critics, who have not failed to herald it, and in very disobliging terms, as a complete refutation of whatever opinions I may have held regarding Cabot's landfall. Unlbrtunately, Dr. Dawson to-day frankly confesses that he " has fallen into error" when he stated that I had '• transferred the landfall to Cape Chidley," and in his further statement that 1 had " dwelled upon the amazing quantity of codfish as a crucial indication of the landfall." (Dr. Dawson's monograph of 1898, pp. 154-').) So far, so good. 111. " If John Cabot could have got there [i.e., Labradoi-] ' two or three weeks before Ju7ie .^^th,' which is Mr. Ilarrisse's last theory, or even on Jane 24. or July -A there would have been no fish, for the fish does not strike at that latitude U7itil about July iJ." (Monograph of 1898, p. 155.) Prof. II. Y. Hind's table, quoted by Dr. Dawson, gives as the mean date of arrival of cod in southern Labrador, at Chateau Bay, 20th June. jxTow John Cabot does not say when and ivhere ho tirst observed the amaz- [iiahuihsk] THK CAI'.OTS lOB inp qiiiintity ot'cod. He iiuiy Imvcnoticod it only on his ret urn frmn Oiijie Clu'dlcij. And if, iu-conlin^r to my liyiiotlu'sis, Iio cllfcti'd liis jioiiicwiird- hoiuid voyajrc IV )in liiilji-iidoi' to Bristol in alioiit thiitytourdiiys, tlific is iiotliinj,' to prevent liis liiivin^' soon the plionoincnoii of the lislios in Soiitli- oni Labfiidoi- .luno 20tli, luid afterwai'ds, since he reached I'lniriaml early in A\i.ii;nst. l-l'.tT. IV. "J//-, l/drn'ssc imtiirallji ronclwli's Fiujundi'.-i irmt ///' tin dull' •,( St. .Lau-rciifc for fresh water. To <: ('(inadinn the nhsuriliti/ of re.'^sel." coiniiKj u]i from the Maritinw jinwiiiees to Quebec for fre^li water i.< /Kil/nihle." (Monoi;'i'a|di of ls!)4, p. •)-.) Alihoui-h 1 was not to the manor iiorn, I know enon^^h of I ho tujio- gvaphy of Canada never to have said that Fagundcs' vgsmIs ••came up from the Maritime )irovinces to (Quebec for fresh water." liiter|>retiTij ; and nowhere in any of my works did I ever even as much as in- timated that Grajales had anything to do with the cartographical part of the nnip. The title of the manuscript containing the Sjianish text of the said legends proves the truth of my statement. It is verbatim as follows: " Tiene un tratado de la carta navagar hecho jior el Doclur (rrajales en el Puerto de Sancta Maria, i el uso de dos Tablas. para saber el ortodel Sol, i los ocasos desde el altura de. 8s. grados hasta la de. 4f-!. por el viismu." In Knglish it is literally as follows : •' It contains a treatise concern- ing the sailing chart, 7nade [i.e., the Treatise, not the chart] by Dr. (Jra- jales at Puerto de Sancta Maria, together with the use of two tables to ascertain the rising of the sun, and the setting tiiereof, from the altitude of 38° to 48°, made by the .same." 106 KOYAL SOCIKTY OF CANADA S.. Ihat ( i nijiik's did not iiirrcly "copy ilir li-goiids for Ids own inl'or- malioii." nnrdid' lie • cortiiinly [oral all] c-opy out Columl.iis' account ol Ids lldnl voya-c." as Dr. Dawson says. [Mono,!j;raiili ol' iSils. \,. 200).] On ilio conlian-, (Jcajalos was the ,nitl,or of ll.i> lcf,'cndH. and also the aiiih"!- ol tlic two tal)lcs of latitudes inserted in the liody ol the ina|.. and cn<,Maved with it, as Dr. J)awsoii can see Ironi hisown |.hoto^n"i|ihic iv|.ro- duction of Cahot's [.lanispheic. The collectiii!,' and copying- of the various tracts in the MS. of the king's lihrary at .Mailrid, was the work of some one else. VI. " Mr, J/itrrhsc is nnahle to rrcn/jnizc the. si/uitrr islitiu/ iit the month of the (/ulf (!■■< '''I]"' lireton." (Mono,i,'ra|di of !8!i4. p. 77). Here is what 1 wrote two years heforc Dr. Dawson made the above remark, and in a work frequently cited hy him : '• Our opinion is that we have lnu'e the earliest inuigery of Cajx' Bre- ton island, transtnitteil through Portuguese maps now lost." {Discocenj of N. America, p. 239). VII. Referring to my description of the voyage of Fagundes, Dr. Davv,son says (Monograph of 1894, p. 9) : 'It does not seem reasonable to invoke the aid of a map dated IBCi to prore a discovery affirmed to have been made in 1521 " Do not my learned opponent and tho.so who follow in his wake invoke the Cahotian mai) of 15 U to prove a discovery made in 1497 ? yiii. I have never said that (kbot's crew hmitcd on shore and rei)lenished their stock of provisions '' alm