IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) kf/ •S- 5, SS {^ %^4i. &. Ya m ^G ^ 1.0 I.I If 1^ IIIIM •^ 1^ 12.2 2.0 1.8 1.25 1 1.4 1.6 Ill = '^ 6" ► j V] <^/ V. % ^4 w^''^ °f7' Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y USSO (716) 872-4! 03 r o fe CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical MIcroreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Technical and Bibliographic Notea/Notas tachniquaa at bibllographiqui Tha inatituta haa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy avallabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibllographlcally unlqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may aignificantly changa tha uaual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. 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Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Un des symboles suivants apparattra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symboie — ► signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre film6s d des taux de reduction diff6rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film6 A partir de I'angle supdrieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. lies diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 31 I) .-rtfry \ Vu Wu Jc IIAM'IOBA am THE NORTHWEST • FRAUDS. 1 (JOllRESPONDENCE -Wmi TlIK- DKPAKTMExNT OF AGRICULTURE, / i^'f., vVc, &c., RESPECTING THE IMPOSTURES -OF- PROFESSOR JOHN MACOUN -BY- Korrno.rlv in '"'Imi''*' of the Assiniboino :md Saskatchewan Kxplo!- ing P^xpedition. WINDSOR, N. S. 1883. [Published for the Author. The Trade aiififilied hy Knoules S Co.. Boah-ifUcfi,, yViHdsor, N. S. Price 70 Cents. ] ''IS 19 8 9 4 TOTHi: IM'P.IJC. Tho mt.soiis wliich (3oiiii)el the publication uf the lullowin- cor- mspon.U.nco - "M be fouiul in tlie reply (\o. XII.) to tl.o comjiiu- nication received from Lieut-'naut-CoIonel de Winton, K. A., th.- (Jovernor (ieueral's .Secretary. The "Death and Mutilation Kojx" is very incon.pb-te, but.s„f- Heiently harrowing to arouse puMie svniputliv and .^u'^^'est active '"•l'"^'y- * "... V. H. V ; coi- niiiu- , ilif tivo NO. I. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. MKMOKANDUM. -■ - - — *♦♦■ Fkum Jonx Lowe to FIkxhy Voule Hixr), Esq., &c. (tc, Windsor, N. S. Vou stiite, ou tlu! 4th page of yuiir printed letter addressed to tl»e Secrettiry of State, and dated 8tli iust., (1) that copies of your vari- ous printed coniniunications Imvf'been "furnished to the Dept. of Agriculture and special att«!ntiun drawn, &c., &c." This reference is apparently to a list of letters nuiubered from 1 fu l\ ou same page of printed letter referred to. None of tiu^se letters or documents have ever been received by this Departnieul. Perhaps in view of this fact and the reference you have, uuidc to this Department, you would have the kindness to either furnish a cujiv of tho.se letters or att'ord directions as to iiow thev call Ix* ol)tnined. 5,000— U— I '83. f\J Nott* by H. Y. H.— Thix U tht- Extract referred to by Mr. Lowe in his Memo- randum.— ^11. Y. H.; "Among the Dead Sea fruit of cozening the public servants, you have l)efore your eyes the collapse of many North-M'est Territory Colonization Cempai.ies, the sickening of the Duke of Manchester's adventure, and the stern prophetic truths which aie now being told by numerous lead- ing English papers concerning the probable future of similar organiz- ations. (4) 1 respectfully submit printed copies of letters relating to the false in- formation officially distributed in England and elsewhere by Sir Alex- ander Gait respectiiig the North-West Territory. I.— To the Right Honourable Earl Granville, K. G., Her Majesty's Princip»l Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; and the Kight Honourable the Earl of Kimberley. Her Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonies, dated Windfor. Nova Scotia, May ^7th. is81, wUh accompanying "Argument." II.— To the. Right Honourable the Earl of Kimberley, Her Majesty's Secretary of State tor the Colonies, dated Nov. 5th 1881. III.— To the Right Honourable the Earl of Kimberley, Her Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonies, dated Nov. 27th. 1881. IV.— Letter to His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, relating to the "Colonists' Handbook— Canada,'' enclosing among others the following letters. [Trans- mitted In August, 1882.1 1.— To the Rt. Hon. the Lord Mayor of London, dated Nottingham, April )2th, 1882. with enclosures. ^.— To .1. C. Bancroft Davis, Esq., Assistant Secretary of State, Washington, D. C, dated Nottingham, l!^th April, 188'2. &C., &C., &C., (tc. You will gather from these eommrnicationf that the statements and falsifications ofc .ph-vsi«!a! .tacts Cbncerniug groesept tIs- the Cau*ldiarf' (■i) The relations of some of the officers of the Royal Colonial Institute.particular- ly Sir J. Rose, Sir Alex. Gait, the Duke of Manchester and Mr. Silver .ougt\t to be made public in connection with the transactions ^tvliich juricund thi foTm&twu of the Duke of Manchester's Company. The history cf thlA Com{>a^y Ms'ab'oi oh x'^rtain hereditary Rulers at liome, and this, with othtr mnttcra, ff.a'ies one thini 'hat -some of England's noted names are on the swift downward grade, and all for money. Nrtrlli West liiiv*' Ix'siiiiiclu'd llie pioot'iMliiiir.s of vaii(»U}( «li«liii<4iiislje(l Sdi'ic^lif.s in Kiii;liiii(l iiiidci venal and nnininciplt'd intlucntt'. Anmnu Illi'XH Socit'tii'S ;i'"t' lllf h'o\.\I, (il'.OdKAIMIK Al, SoclKT^. Ill<' Uo^AI, Coi.OMAI. I.NSI'I ri ri;. Ilic S(t( IKIV KoK IIIK l'K( ll.rv K(»U TIIK I'licMO I'lON iil CiiiM-'riAN KNowi.KDtii:. Kvfn tin' Impkkial ('(»i,<»mai. Oiimck has not Iti'cn siilV from Canadian oitii-ial inisicprt'scntatinn. All uf tliusf priicticcs \\,i\() appartMitiv ili»' one nhjiM-t. nanndy: todisiuit and inat;nil> tlie pliysifiil IVatuii's of Slanitoha and thu Noitli West Tciiitoiy lor tin- purpose of indmdni: iii.nii;j;r;ition, oi dispensing of [>roperly in Land. <>r ftlii'ires in (Viinpunies. The aolilary groundwork for the arooptanee of most uf tlu'se frauds i> that the statements are "ortieial," and lavishly spread hy sucii niai,'iiatf«. as Sir Alex. Oalt. (i. ('. M. (1.. Canadian llii,'l> Couunissioner, Sir John Rose, formerly Finance Miidster of Canada, >(r. (r. Stephen. Mr II. S. Northeote. iVrc, Arc. haekcd hy the oonnivinj: authority of the Deparl- ment of Agriculture of Canada. « » * I beg to ask your particular attention to the delusions successfuliv propagated hy using the luinie of the Hinted States Consul at VVinnipe'^. respecting the cliniatc uf the ^'l>llll-^Vest Territories. When the slate ments of this oUicer are coinpannl with known facts and the otKcial re- cords kindly furidshod to me from the ollice of the Chief Signal OHlcei- at Washington, in compliance with the reference )nade h\ the Uniteii Slates Assistant Secretary of Stale, the nature of the imposition will he understood. The use of this imposition by the Ueitartmenl of Agrii'ul- ture is simply vile. Although copies of my various |)rinted communications have hein furnished to the Department of .Aiiiiciiltuie, and special ultention drawii to the erroneous conclusions ol the Cniled .Slates ('onsul, to whom f.'d- silied Meteorolor'cal data were supplied, yet the Department of Agricul- ture has not o' >ooh-poohed the exposures of the imposition practised upon the U I States Consul at Winnipeg, and the shocking u.>e made of thosi impositions, hut has very recenily greatly falsified that olHcer's figures, and added the intdrmation, ••Nothing can he more strik- ing than the statement of facts contained in his letter. (Consul 'J'ayloi'; ami they arc ^^»^ init/uoithntcd . ) The Department of Agricuilnre has taken tlie liberty to add \2 degree* to the Consul's representation of the mean temperature of .lunr.ary at Winnipeg; 24 l-'J degrees to the mean temperature of Fehruary at Win- nipeg; 20 1-2 degrees to the mean temperature of February at Battleford, and a corresponding number of degrees to the mean temperature of tho year at both of these localities. — And after making these ameliorating and utterly misleading changes tlu; Department announces that *"his" statement of "facts"' is ••as unqui stioned as they are unquestionable." This bold lie is promulgated in the face of fact and known oHicial records to the cotitrary, published by our own Dominion Meteorological Service. On page 5 the Department announces that "the summer mean of Manitoba is 07". 7t) Fah. which is about the sanie as that of the Stale of New York." The Department uses my own figures for one locality at Ked River in l^oT. which I stated were unreliable fully 20 years ago. (See page 40 — Letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury). On page 20 the Department reproduces the false tigures of the charlatan Macoun. exposed in my letter to the Earl of Kimberli-y, dated iUh Nov.,18j<1. On page 2t). the DepartnuMit states that "Between 50,000 and tiO.OOO settlers from tin' older Provinces of Canada, the United States, the Ignited Kingdom and parts of Europe, have gone in (to Manitoba and the North-West) during ^I88"2: and it is expected tljat \,he. intlu;c wjU be far greater in 188o. th'- .'trinlot^Uf) b';,'o<''-i<}>(xd b>iiiil\tjye att the whuh Continent ol' ,' Eirop\\ kijd.tUe equivalent on Sjic^ C«p/iijv>{it of America of that of Eiir- ' opt il6i'th of Paris, com'prisi'ng the most powerful kingdoms and empires on the (ilobe^" ' . . Now 4 re<.p^ct.f\illy i^ujjiini'.tbat'it is of the -lighest imporance to deal at the earliest possible moment Nvifli the erroneous and falsified statements IS! >( "te hi pa J' n iMU(?d by the I)f|j:»rlint'iil ot Agriciilliuv. and clivul:itfi. lars'.y l>y your ooiiscions and (t'u'ttiny Jliyh (Omiids.'itloiier in Ki.;,'l!iiid. Tlu-iunt- t<'r is lou serious to bt; negioftfd. it is heginiiin},' tt» In- niid»Tsli>ud .1! home, us yon may yalluT from the recent retnark» of sw.iieoi tlin London impers of influence. Canadian credit .ind ( anadian dijiloina- } and Ca- nadian Ciovernment will soon becoiue a))ye-\vonl if ibese jterversitms are permitted to eontinue." — Extrwt from prinfid httn- to th>- S*'f,rliiiy ot' State, dated Feb. ^th. isy;'., (tml .s-nl to all umnhn-x of tl,>- //'<'<.v of (,',,11,- >4— tho Nn. 11. Ki.ri.i -Mit. lliNU i<) Mi;. Lovsi . Wiii«i>ur. Nuvii Scutiii, lUtli i''"l... Is^.".. John Ijiii-i'. Ks'/,, Srri'i-turij Ih'imrtiunit of AiirifnH uri'. ()ito\ni. .SiK : — I have this day leccived fiuiu vuu aii ulhei' •'.McNioritij- dum" without date, luindu'led ').iiUi'. — !.■-- 1 '."^;>, in which vuu.-tate that certain Ictter.s or documents it'ti:ried to in my rcci nt h-tler \n tlie .Secretary of State, dated Keh s, ls,s.">, \v\\x- ikvci liti n recci\..Ml hy tlic Dejturtiuent oi' Agriculture. iu rei>ly 1 ha\e tu say that \\\?<' tluiuiiieuts wcie duly [i.-hd i,j the ;iiddress of the Deiiurtiueiit oi .Vgricullure. ( Hta\v,i, .iihi r thjin Canada or Kngland, accovdin,n' tu the locality \vlier«' ihr^.w.r'- written, and al)out the date of their I'eiiig made |»ul)lii'. iJeing coll.scious of the great ilii|iuitallce ut tiic siihjecl 1m wliidi 111}' letters related, and of tlie dii.iuinacy wiiicii tiut uufii'tjucnily oceks lu evtide. the con.se^ueuces uf an abilsi' of trust. 1 ii.ive guard ed in several ways against tlie luice of thi' statement yuu have made lesjiecting the alleged non-reception of my couiuiunicatioiis. F'u:apfi's of the puldir [•ress. i^ccoinl — To ensure kuuwhsdge of deliv»'iy and receptiuii. i iiavf in sonie instances regisieied liiese cuiiimunicatiuiis in accuidancr with postal reguhitiolis. Yuu will hud j>iiuted on uiic of tie- U'.o-, important letters a iiulicf uf legist ration. 1 hvhl the cert ilied copy of the register. 'f.'n'rd — I have personally handed, in sotn*' instances, the letter- ami docunu'nt.s in presence of a \'.itne.->,s. .■-pi-cially retained fur tin- imrpose, to parties interesteil. Fnurih — I hold acknowledgement uf the reci'ption of im{iorlant documents from officers connected with th<- l'ej)artmeiii oi .\gii culture, for instance, the High ( oininissiuner in l-'.ngland. I'.ut even su[)])Osing tiiat yuu ciu not trace the win reabuuts o^^ the commiinieutJons .sent to the I'epartmeut of Agriculture, yet. in the jnattei-s to which my letters relate, there i.- nu visil)le excu.s.- fov the publication, or otticiai distrihulion by the officers of tlie l)e- partiuent of Agriculture, of jiaipabiy tals.- and mish-adiiig state- ments re.spectiug physical facts ot niateriw cMnsequeu<-e toufdiing Mauito))a and the North-\Vp.«t Tt-rritorv. Ill rcH|toci of M('t»'oiolu;^'i(',iil dalii, you Imvc hiul hoiow you for t«ii ycivr.-t past llic ullicinl icciords of tlin Dominion iMt!toovolo.f,'iciil Sorvice, and yd you have iiultlislicd and nNj)ul)lislu'd inyour Knii- {,'ration l'aiii|»hl<'ts tlic inventions or dtdusioiis of aniiiU'urs, clmrla- tans and iinpostois. It has aiijx'an'd to inc tliat the fa])ricationH of the inii»ostor Ma- coun, arc! so i>al]ia])l(', that it is only by tlin exercise of blinch'd or j)('rvert(Ml intellii^eiice that any one (h-alin;,' witli the subject as you have done, and tlie Departnieiit of A;,Miculture has done, couhl es- cape noticing tlioir falstniess and thttir niish-ading tendencies in one direction. The same remark ajtplies to Map making, and Maj* emanations from the DepartmiiUts of Agriculture and the Interior, noticed in my communications. Ever since it was pointed out to me that I had l)oen entrapped at (Ottawa, iu 187H, by Colonel Dennis with his false maps and statements respijcting the alleged discoveries of the otHcers of the Canadian I'acilic liaihvay Survey in the far North-West, I liave endeavoure(l to re]»air thi? evil and mischief which the use made of my th('oreti(!al deductions or garl)led ijuotations from my "evid- enc(!," might occasion in unscrupulous hands. The ruin and misery created by misleading publications issueil under authoritv is incalculable, and it l)ecomos iuexcusabh^ when consciously pursund iu the face of open remoustrauce and evidence to the contrary. Accompanying tliis response to youi' "Memomndum" and request are copies of the documents you seek, as enumerated in the suli- joiued list. It will be my duty to notify and call the attention of the Miui.x- ter of Agriculture to this letter and enclosures ; also the attention of the Emigration (Committee of the present Canadian Parliament, and also that of His Excellency the Covernor General to the same. Be so good as to acknowledge the receijtt of this letter and th«' accomi)anving documents at vour earliest convenience. I have the honour to bo, Your (Jbedieut Servant, Hknrv Voulk Hind. John Lowe, Esq., Secretary to the Department of Agriculture. Ottawa. ENCL0SUKE8. 1.— Letter to the Rt. ITon. Eail Granville, K. G.. and the lit. Hon. the Earl of Kiml)erley — willi Arj^nnnant — dated Windsor, N. S., May, 27tli, 1881.— (Printed). 2.— Letter to tlie Rt. Hon. the Earl of Kimberley, dated Windsor, X. S , Nov. .5tli. 1S81.— (Printed). ;}.— Letter to the Rt. Hon. the Earl of Kimberley, duted Nov. 27th, 1881, —(Printed). 4. — Letter to the editor of the Nottingham Daily Guardian, dated Not- tingham. April 12th. 1882.— (Printed). 5.— Letter to His Grace the Archbishop of Canterlmry, entitled "An Out- come of the Lambeth Conference," dated June 20lh, 1882, — but transmitted in August, 1882. — (Printed). rt.— Letter to tlie Stiiiidiii« (Nuninittee of tlio Society for the Prop,iK \iji II Kx<'Ki,i,i;\( V :• I IhiVf icitfivt'il fVuiii yiv. • luliii LuWf. tilt' Sn.'n'tavv to tlic l)i'|tartnn'iit ul" A^friciilturc, acuiii- iiiiinifatiun >taiiti,i^' that tin- lio(1 tt) this custoniary ih'vicM- of those who • h'.il in fiaiiiluh'iu representation, ^inil have point((il out the futility ..f such a serecii in tlie proscncp of thn facts of tin* case. Thesi- piMiniu'-ntly present themselves in tlie .selection liv Mr. lytjwe iiii'l tlie I>e]';M'tnieiit of A^M ioilt ure oi' pnljialily false ami illu- sory statements iinil authoiiiies. with the true official recoril of jihy- ^i(5al phenomena hefoie them, coupled with the further falsificatioti >if' erv'ineous data. Mr. Lowe and the I)epiirt)iieiii of .\^ricultnre ou,c,'ht now to l»f prepiii'iuL; to face and niiti,L!ati' the etl'ects of a calamity which, hu manly speaking;, and drawing' conclusions from ndialde premises, threatens to V»rinf,' the punishment for intentional falsehood atid perversion of fa. ^ , . I have sent to .Mr. Secretary Lowe, in compliance with his re- i|uest, the documents numbered in the niai-gin. (1 to 6.) 1 enclose for your KxceUeiicy's information ousible body. The request on the part of Mr. .Secretary Ixiwe brings tlic selec- tion, preparation and distribution of false and misleading North- West Literature by tlie Department of Agriculture fairly under the official cognizance of your Kxcellency, as now herewith repre- sented. There (jau be no doubt whatever that the interests of the Britisli as well as of the Canadian investing and emigrating people, ought 10 insure tlie closest scrutiny of the matters herein noticed ; and, in view of approaching physical, with possibly financial calamities, the earliest unbias«etl attention and the moat public exposition of re- sults adapted tp mitigate impending evils. The documents herewith transmitted are first eiforts, — annotateil ftH I j)0RHcs8 thorn, rofidy for irnjuiry — tli(>v funiiMli nnmoroiis ftn*' pott'iit ft«l«litioiml I'lictH, to i\ (l(';,'rt'n which cstiildishrs hcyoiul doubt or cavil tlui «liing»)r ami th»^ tjiiiiinality of the ilccciitioUM ciirulatcd by tho ugcntM of the Dcpaitmcut of AgricMilturc, and othoi-H intui- vidence in 1860 — "There is no possibility of guarding against these ij.!ar.dations," and now the concentration of their eft'ects has been !■ t',iti(;ally secured by the railway embankments. Mr. Sandford Fleming gives on page 269 of his official report for -0, 1 startling record of measurements and facts, which ought to have led the writer of the Departmental Pamphlet on the "Canadian North- West," to a more humane and rational representation of con- tingencies, with associated calamities, sooner or latci' sure to happen. The excess of precipitation throughout the extreme North- West of the United States, including Northern Dakota and Minnesota, during October, November and December, 1882, has amounted, according to the United States Signal Service, to the equivalent of 16 inches of snow moi'e than the average of previously recorded annual pre- cipitations. This is the equivalent of 1 . 60 inches of water for the last qTiarier of the year just past, in excess of the average of several pre- ceeding years. T.'iere are other present climatic conditions connected with this excess of precipitation suggestive, if not alarming, in relation to Ked i '^ IK. very in- 3 which peculiar of ReJ Explor- , (Ibid, ated oc- present tion, of of water human le vears V also dis- escribed jological ed from iicreased and its I formed . Down vaters oi 3 square back up ;ive and posed to created, i succed- inipeg. eological Qst these las been oport for ught to anadian a of con- happen. ■West of I, during ^cording 6 inches lual pre- r the last ratal pre- with. this tntoBed 11 lliver inundatiou8, and inundations in the United States. These con- jointly point to an unusual overflow of Rod River and the Soun'ti in the spring of this year. Against the impending calamity these con- ditions predict there is now, I regret to say, little chance pf guard- ing, but it would be an act of oblig-atory humanity, especially in- cumbent on the Department of Agriculture, if the proIiahHitij of an unusual and disastrous inundation this spring were to be officially pointed out, so that immigrants and the poorer settlers n)ight be on their guard and have time to prepare. It is ray duty to call your hcrious attention to this threatening matter, for I am sorry to say that in all the data relating to climate and its contingencies, there has been introduced, with surprising uniformity, into the numerous issues of so-called "Information for Intending Immigrants" circulated by the Department of Agriculture respecting Manitoba and the North- West, the one-sided specu- lations of the incompetent amateur, or the grosser perversions of the unscrupulous charlatan, in place of the trustworthy observations of scientific observei-s, and the records of a well ordered Dominion Meteorological Service, and a neighboring National Service of un- surpassed compass and arrangement. You are aware that it is stated, until very recently no syintematie enforced registration of deaths has taken place in \\ iuni]jeg, a city reported to contain from 25,000 to 30,000 inlmbitiiuts. There is reason to believe that numerous deaths an, 1883. PAWA. had de- y, I re- [anitobii I to your )inpany, Kis work Taylor's 60) no- 8, 1883, rological nberley, dated with ad- cal facts ad been ent ad- B81, and r belong and the 8 which ders in oba and )rtion of empha- Earl of ly after- e lettera . Gait's A du- 1 "evid- conclu- and eir- al name and patronage, becomes a matter of such important personal mo- ment to myself, as to leave me no alternative in responsive action, even on the grounds of humanity alone. Therefore, besides duly informing your Excellency of the facts of the cas?, being persuaded that your Excellency has been deceived and misled in the matter, I have this day instructed my solicitor, as in duty and humanity bound, to bring the subject in proper form and bearing under the notice of the Guelph Publishing Com- pany, and under the notice of Professor John Macouu, M. A., F. L. S., "Dominion Field Naturalist and Botanist, and for nine years past Government Explorer of the North-West, formerly Professor of Botany in Albert I^'niversity, Belleville." But there is a matter which lies beyond all I have stated, and that is the great influence for harm created by the cruel misleading of uninstructed people in England, Canada and elsewhere, either as immigrants, investors, shareholders in Companies or property holders, through the numerous false and falsifieil statements and conclusions in Professor Macoun's work, under the patronage and influence of your Excellency's special permission as regards the de- dication of the book. The distress certain to arise from the continued spread of false representations of physical facts under the exalted patronage of your Excellency, suggests I venture respectfully to submit, open and un- restricted parliamentary inquiry respecting my ]»ublic statements, made and proved from time to time concerning the North-West de- lusions which have been created or protected by servants of parlia- ment, among whom there appears to be none more unscrupulously guilty than the High Commissioner in London. Considering the character of the eftbrts of the High Commis- sioner to spread misleading information of the Macoun type, and secure thereby past, present and future immigration in the face of open warnings, the conmionest impulses of humanity appear to suggest this course, and delay in so doing can only lead to the in- crease of that general, physical and financial distress which now seems to be imminent. On page 609 of his Avork, your Excellency will observe that Mr. Macoun makes a very important statement respecting the Hon. Mr. Mackenzie's caution to him. On page 612 he makes similar im- portant statements regarding the cautions and the views of Sir J. A. Macdonald, Mr. Mackenzie and Mr. Blake. In the same para- graph he announces Sir Charles Tupper's faith in Mr. Macoun, and the encouragement Sir Charles gave to him. Your Excellency now knows that Mr. Macoun is an impostor, and that he has de- ceived your Excellency and the country, and that much of what he alleges he conceives to be "the truth" is manufactured falsehood and fraud. I have the honour to be, Your Excellency's Obedient Servant, Henry Y. Hind. Formerly in charge of the Assiniboine and Saskatchewan Exploring Expedition. u I !■ > il i !; i I COPY OF SIR ALEXANDER GALT'S REPLY. Dominion of Canada. Office of the High Commissioner, 9, Victoria Chambers, London, S.W., 3rd May, 1882. Sir, — Sir Alexander Gait desires me to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 29th April, and to inform you that he does not propose to t?ke any notice of the communications to which you refer. The advantages of the Great North-West are, Sir Alexander con- siders, sufficiently proved by the large emigration thither from the Province of Ontario, and Canada generally, and by the success of the settlers. Respecting the other matters alluded to in your so called "charges," Sir Alexander does not at present intend to add any- thing to what ho has already written. .\ . . I am, Sir, ■ • Your obedient servant, (Signed) Jas. G. Colmer, Prof. H. Y. Hind, Inns of Court Hotel, High Holborn. NO. VII. Mr. Hind to His Excellency the Governor General, Govern- ment HouHE, Ottawa. Windsor, Nova Scotia, March 6, 1883. May it please your Excellency : — It is proper that I should inform you that in the letter my solicitor has transmitted to the "Guelph Publishing Co." concerning Professor John Macoun's book entitled "Manitoba and the Great North-West," the following pas- sage relating to your Excellency occurs : — "I am also instructed to inform you that this matter, in its en- tirety, has been presented by Mr. Hind to His Excellency the Gov- ernor General as patron of Professor Macoun's work, and the atten- tion of the Governor General has been drawn to the injury done to the country by the misrepresentation of known physical facts which Professor Macoun has thought fit to originate." In reviewing to-day, the copy of the letter I had the honour to send to your Excellency yesterday, I found a passage in which I had apparently omitted the word "through," or an equivalent. In order to prevent misapprehension I ask leave to repeat the passage entire. "But there is a matter which lies beyond all I have stated, "and that is the great influence for harm created by the cruel mis- "leading of uninstrucied people in England, Canada and elsewhere, "either as immigrants, investors, shareholders in Companies or pro- "perty holders, through the numerous false and falsified statements "and conclusions in Professor Macoun's work, under the patronage "and influence of your Excellency's special permission as regards "the dedication of the book." 15 S.W., ay, 1882. le receipt he does rhich you nder con- from the tucces» of 30 called add any- yOLMER. GOVERN' i 6, 1883. I should ed to the )un'8 book >wing pas- in its en- y the Gov- the atten- ry done to acts which honour to which I alent. In he passage ive stated, cruel mis- Blse where, ies or pro- statements patronage as regards I have prepared a brief statement respecting the character of the North-West Literature issued by the l)ei)artnient of Agriculture for the Honourable the Minister of Agriculture, also an earnest appeal in the interests of the country and intending immigrants and in- vestors, which I have addressed to the Kt. Hon. Sir John A. Mac- donald, to be publicly heard and freely examined before an open Parliamentary Committee, with freedom of reply to objections or counter statements, respecting the general subject of misrepresenta- tions in the various documents issued by the Department of Agri- culture or the Department of the Interior, concerning Manitoba and the North-West Territories. 1 trust that in the interests of the country and of humanity, your Excellency will be pleased to urge the granting of this request at the earliest moment. I have the honour to be, Your Excellency's Obedient Servant, Henry YouLE Hind. Formerly in charge of the Assiniboine and Saskatchewan Exploring Expedition NO. VIII. John Lowe, Esq., to Mr. Hind. Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada, 3rd March, 1883. Sir : — I have to acknowledge your letter of the 24th ult., to- gether with enclosures of printed papers numbered from I to VI, as per list at foot of your letter, which you have had the goodness to send to me at my request; none of these papers — with tho'ex- ception of that marked No. VI, addressed to the Standing Com- mittee of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel — had been previously received in this Department ; my attention having been drawn to them as intimated in my memorandum to you by a state- ment in a printed letter to the Secretary of State received the day before my memorandum — ^which should have been dated 20th of February, but this was accidentally omitted. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your Obedient Servant, ,■ (Signed) , , John Lowe, Secy. Dept. of Agric. H. Y. Hind, Esq., , , Windsor, N. S. .;■■■;' ■■"■ NO. IX. , ■ ' Mr. Hind to Mr. Lowe. Windsor, N. S., 8th March, 1883. To John Lowe, Esq., Secretary to the Department of Agriculture, Ottawa. Sib : I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letr ter of the 3rd inai, and to thank you for your prompt reply. 1% V I Since sending my communication of the 24th Feb. I have ascer- tained a very important fact relating to the appearance of Consul Taylor's re-falsified figures in Mr. Macoun's book on "Manitoba and the Great North-West." I infer from the publication of this work, prior to the Depart- mental issue of the pamphlet entitled "Canadian North-West — Climate aad Productions," that Mr. Macoun must be held respon- sible for the original perpetration of that outrage, and the remark* with which he introduces those altered tables, but I do not find the words "they are as un(|uestioned as they are unquestionable," which appear in the Departmental pamphlet. I have ascertained that Mr. Macoun has^ in numerous other in- stances, introduced into his work grossly misleading meteorological data previously and publicly exposed by me, also statements and deductions of so gross and deceiving a charactci as to leave me no alternative in the interests of the country and justice to myself, but to place the matter in the hands of my solicitor, who has already addressed the publishers on the subject. I regret to say that Mr. Macoun's transgressions far exceed the sins of a mere charlatan. Considering the widespread influence for harm to emigrants, investors, the public and myself his unchal- lenged false statements are liable to produce in various ways, 1 am compelled to press the matter to a public and possibly a legal issue. I beg to call your particular attention to the letter I have address- ed, under date March 6th, to the Minister of Agriculture, especial- ly to that portion which relates to the inconsiderate and deluding passages in the Departmental pamphlet concerning the periodical floods in the valley of Red Eiver. There are conditions therein pointed out which may exert a very serious and disastrous influence on the immediate future of Manitoba and the North-West, suggest- ing humane action of an incumbent character by the Department of Agriculture and all who have misled by means of untrue or sup- pressed information. Your various Departmental Agents, as appears by notices in the pubUc press and elsewhere, predict and report as the result of their efforts, an enormous prospective emigration and immigration,created by the "information" they have supplied. I should be glad if you would bring the subject of this letter un- der the notice of the Committee on Colonization and Immigration. It affords me much satisfaction to know from you that you received my letter addressed to the Standing Committee of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, &c., and I have to thank you for acknowledging the receipt. None but those who understand the nature of that implicit faith which the uninstructed people of Eng- land place in printed statements issued by authority, or under the impress of the great Church Societies, can form any conception of the heartless abut of trust, with its attending misery, such emana- tions of misleading information carry and ensure, by whomsoever furnished. I am deeply pained to learn that numerous cases of the saddest desoription nave already occurred in Manitoba and the North-West, arising largely from the wtint of proper InstraetioM to immigrantB. '~ ' lavo ascer- )f Consul Manitoba e Depart- h-West — d respon- remarka ot find the le," which other in- jorological lents and v^e me no nyself, but as already xceed the fluence for is unchal- 'ays, 1 am legal issue, v^e address- , especial- deluding periodical IS therein s influence 3t, suggest- >epartment me or sup- ices in the lit of their on,created } letter un- imigration. >u received lociety for k you for rstand the le of Eng- under the ception of ch emana- homsoever he saddest arth-West, amigniBte. 17 I fear lluit many hcartronding instances of doatli from freezing, or mutilation of limbs from the same cause will come to liglit in tlif spring. I should be glad to learn that it is the inteniiun of the Depail- ment of Agriculture to take early steps tu remedy the evils pointeil (jut and .seek to mitigate imjjemliug distre.ss. I have the honour to he, Your (Jbedient Servant, Hkxry V. Hlvu. X. Mil. Hixn TO THK Kt. Hon. Sir John A. Macdonau), K. C !>., First Ministp:r, Ottawa. "Windsor, Nova Scotia, March 8th, \M^. liiGirr IIoxouRAULE Sir : — In a letter I had the honour to ad- dress to His Excellency the Governor General, dated the Oth iust., concerning statements of tlie im})oster John Maeoun in his book entitled "Manitoba and the Great North- Wast," dedicated by si)e- cial permission to His Excellency, I adverted to an "ai)peul in the interests of the country and of intendinj:' emigrants and luves- tors," whicli 1 was about to make to you as first Ministei' of the Dominion of Canada. I have the honour now to present this appeal as sul^joined. The Book entitled "Manitoba and the Great North-West ; 'Die field for Investment ; The Home of the Emigrant, &c.,(fcc., i^'c," l»y John Macouu, M. A., F. L. S., Dominion Field Naturalist and Bot- anist, Sec, Sec, is a fraud of the grossest and most inveigling chai- acter. Among the names of those whose communications are published in recommendation of Mr, John Macouu, as a suitable man to write this work, 1 notice your own under date, Ottawa, March 24, 1882. But I also notice with jjrofound satistaction thai Mr. Macoun credits you (1) with imparting tu him such salutovy words of cau- tion, and with giving expression to such feelings of doubt, as would .suffice to make him esjtecially canfful of a strict adherence to fact. I note with the same satisfaction that .Mr, Macoun records the strong caution of the Hon, Mr, Mackenzie, (2) and the doubts o1 the Hon. Mr, Blake, But 1 regret to notice that Sir Charles Tuppcr's faith in Mr. Macouu is alleged to have been so establish- ed as to recommend Macoun to "stick to what lie conceived to be the truth." (3) I shall now point out to you, in the interests of the country, what Mr. Macoun conceives to be "truth." In an appendix (A) from whicli I have cut out all irrevelant matter. (Ij Page 612. (2) Paxes 609 and 612. aj Page 612. 18 l\ 1 -111);:)!! pi'intvil (fxpositioin ol' soiin' of Mr. Aiiicoan'.s rc-publisliod iMi^tcorolo'^ic. 1,1 r,il;i(!i(>s wiiicli I (un^tibuoil a year and a (iimrter aj,'u, and Itfl'oi'c M:'. Macoiiu's work w.is in |ti-iiit. 1 liavc now \o say that all tli" It-adiiiL,' in('tt'orolo;.,M(;al tablo.s con- tuincil in Mi'. .loliii Macuim's wjvk r.'fcrrod to, arc similarly falsi- Ii'mI and ^'russly iiiislcading. pr'.'diuMn;,' in sonuMiuport tnt instances. when corri'ctly ,L;'iv;'ii, as 'iriftcndt'd only bv him, coiudn.sions exact- ly I'lie o!)i»osil(! of thos(> he lias annoimc -d as d'-ducibln from the false dita .and incompatihU^ elements lie has a;,'gr(igati^d and coni- ])ar*Ml. I have further lu state that all lh(> hro id ,c,"'nerali/ationsadvanc(Ml Ity .Mr. Maconn, as based n])ou his false meteorological data, are not merely untrue, but deeeitfully misleading lo investors, projr'ctors of railways, intending emigrants and other.^. I tind, in addition to these misi'r>j)ic.senta.tions, numerous cleverly disgui.sed ini])ostures of a very .serious character, but so palpable when nttention is directed to them, that their bmefnl influence be- comes at once a])parent. An important feature in this reproduction of falacies and un- truths l)y Mr. Macoun, under the ))atronage of high authority, is th(? t'lidor.sement given to the same and to similar misleading rei)resen- tations, olhcially distributed to an enormous e.vteiit res])ecting Ma- nitoba and the North- West, previonsly to the issue of -Mr. Macoun's work. 11 nd from which it may be ])roperly inferretl many case.s of individual distress, mutilation of limbs and death have originated. T notice the introduction by .Mr. Macoun into his work of cer- tain misleading [laragraplis, dissociated from context, which are stated to emanate from me. These, as they are presented, taken in connection with other matter of kindred character, pointedly lead to the inference that they are designed to impose upon the public for nefarious purposes. Their introduction into the work, ".Mani- tolia and the Great North-West," has com])elled me to instrnct my solicitor to communicate with the Publishers of Mr. Macoun's Book in regard to this matter. Apart from the commendatory letters from yourself and others, circulated in connection with Mr. Macoun's book, I find in that book, a map bearing your official name, also a dedication to the Governor General, by special permission, and the whole authenti- cated by Mr. Macoun's official title, all of which tend to convey a false impression of the veracity and honesty of Mr. Macoun's book and his work generally. Therefore, 1 have the honour respectfully to ask that you as first Minister, whose commendation of Mr. Macoun, and whose map bearing your official name, directly and indirectly cany vast in- fluence, will be pleased to cause me to be summoned before a Par- liamentary Committee, to prove in extemo., and with full liberty to reply to counter statements, and to produce and compel the produc- tion of authorities for the same, in the most public manner, my various allegations in the matter. Or, failing this, according to your judgment, that you will be pleased to take such ample public measures as may be fitted to ar- rest the circulation, destroy the injurious and untruthful influence, 1!> iul)lislin(l irtor aj,'u, iblcs con- irly fiilsi nstanccs. )n.s oxact- from the iiid cuia- :i(lvanco(l a, are not )voj«.'ctors 5 cltiverly palpable nonce bo- and 11 u- Lty, is the ropresen- ;tin^' Ma- Macoun's ■ cases of ■i^inated, V of cer- i^hich are taken in L'dly lead le public , "Mani- truct my jn's Book id others, [ in that n to the authenti- convey a m's book )u as first aose map vast in- re a Par- iberty to e produc- Qner, my will be ;ed to ar- influence, -md ii)iti;;ut(' till' iujuvii'/ nild ili.slref.(> certain to aiisi; iVumi liif (:u]i- tinui'il issue ,;nbi-(lirnt S;'i\':ll!l,' !Ii:n:!V Vm.i.i-; lii.\ii. Formerly in chBrRe of the Asfcinboine and Suakatchewur. Expluriii,? Expedition. |NoTK. — Tilt; voliiniiuous appciuli.v; (A) ahovt; rt't<'ii'cil to lia.s alrt'.w y lieeii printed for lificoii nioiillis, and distribtiU'il iitnoiig interested parlies. It points to tln^ [)ri ot's of most of the leading ineteoioio^icni inipostnres tlie seainp ^[a'Joun lia.s iiecn praetisinjj for yems. ' is "oo l)ull\y to re-print iiere. | .\(). XI. TiiK (jovKitxoi; (li;.\i;ii.\i,'s SKcitinwHV to .Mi; IIi.M). Ullice of the ( lovernor (Jeneral'.s Secretary, (,)tta^va, Oth .Marcli^ l.^'N."-. Sill: — 1 am commanded by His Excellency to acknowledge the recoij)t of yotir lett(a' of the 26th ultimo, and to inform you tlial any future communications which you may wish to achlicss to the (iovernor (Jencral mu.st be ot a ]iul)lic character and .sent through the proi>er channel, namely, the ( Jovcvnor General's Secietary. 1 have the honour to be. Sir, Yotir most ob-dient seivant, K. I>K AVi.M'DN, 1 ■ Lt. I'ol., i:. A., (iuv. ( ietd':^. Sr-;M'etary. Hkn'ry Youle Hixu, Ksy., Windsor, Nova Scotia. NO. XII. Keply of Mr. Hixd to the Govehnoh Geineral's Secretary. Windsor, Nova Scotia, March 14, 1<'^(^;3. 7'o Lieut. Co/. F. dc Wintun, li. A., tlw Gon rmir Gcner'i/\< Secretary. * Sir : — 1 have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your favour of the 6th inst. informing me of the reception of my letter of the 26th ult., and that any future communications 1 may wish to address to the Governor General must be of a tublic ciiaractek and sent through the proper channel, namely, the Governor (Jen- eral's Secretary — that is, through yourself. I do not think it necessary to make any comment on that por- tion of your communication w^hich would seem to imply that it is possible to assign any other than a public character to the letter I had the honour to address to His Excellency. But, lest such a view should even faintly present itself to any one 20 \\ I! 'I rlsti. I !ixk ItMVc to ((iiotf two i>;tr.i;,n'fii»li>i tVom my IctttM' which id's- tinctly s|t('('ity its ur^n-ut "i)iil)li(; cliiiriuitor." "The rt'quf'st uu th« part of Mr. SctMX'liuy Lowft hritius tlif soI('(!fif)ii, ••pri'piinitioii iiii(l(l!st,iil)iili(iii of fii!s(? iuid misUsidiii!^ Nortli-\Vt>st, liilnrsi- 'Miin- l)y tilt' I)<'p:irtiii<'iil of Ai;rit:iiltiin! fuirly iiiulcr llit; njllridl cogiiiz- ";iii(!(? of your KxcflN'iiry, .is now hcrewitli n'pn'nciilcd. •'TlHTe »;aii Im- no tloui)l wli;if<'Vt'r tliivt tilt! iiitcn^sts of the British a** 'well us tin* ('aniidian investing ami iHiing of two printed copies of a letter to myself dated .!.5th October, 1881, and a printed copy of u letter ad- dressed to the Right Honourable the Karl Granville. Secretary of State for Foreign AfTairH, and the KiKht Honourable the Eurl of Kimberley, Secretary of State for the ('olonies, dated 2iid August, 1881. I have tlie honour to be, sir. Your moat obedient humble servant, Signed— F. dkWixton, Henry Yoii.k Hind. Esq., Lieut.-Col R. A., Gor.Gen'8. Secy. Windsor, Nova Scotia. Reply krom Mr. Hind to Likut.-Col. deWinton. Windsor, Nova Scotia, 7th November, 1881 SiU.—l have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of a remarkable letter from, you, dated 3rd November, 1881, in wkich you say tliat you "are desired by His Excel- icncy the Governor General to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 29th Oct.. 1881, and Its enclosures, consisting of two printed copies of a letter to mvnefft dated •.'oth October, 1881. and (fc, &c " I have to remark on this communication that my letter of the 2l)th Oct. was a brief explanatory note to the Marquis of Lome. The accompanying printed letter address- ed to His Excellency the Governor General was'for the information of Her Majesty's Government, as stRted in the flrst paragraph of that communication. The duplicate was for the Karl of Kimberley, in order the more readily to convey that InformBtion. But how you arrived at the conclusion that these copies were intended for yourself, both being under cover to His Excellency, is one of those subtleties of diplomatic rea- soning 1 shall not attempt to fathom. The erroneous conclusion, however, may be productive of inconvenience, as the matter touched upon in the letter to His Excellency of the 25th Oct. is important and urgent. 1 have the honour to be your obedient servant, Hknry Youle Hind. Lieutenant-ColonklF. de Winton, QoTernor General's Secretary, Ottawa. vliicli (li's- iclfotioii, I'st fjiinra- ir ad- for Foreign State for the .Gen'8. Secy. nb<>r, 1881 letter from. ' His Excel- f 2nth Oct.. tl/Heff, dated . was A brief tter address- er Majesty'H le duplicate infortnBtion. or yourself, tlomatlc rea- er. may be 9 Excellency Hind. SI sired to draw His Kxceilciiey's alleiition. I should f?ladly have pre- I'erred to have hvx'U spared the iiecicssity for the following,' iiudan- eholy eiiuiiieiation. Imt I know of no i^thcr nietliod of meet in,!:,' your iliploiiiaey, or of arousing' a sympathy which appears to l)e unna- turally tlormant, or n-viving a sense of manly duty which seems lo he (htad. Let me ask voii to read llie foliowiiiL,' |)i;ath and .Mrnr.ATioN iJoll of those who, iininsii'iicteil in the iusidiuus severity of North- Western winter's cold, havi' died as vicitims, or live as niutilateil suti'erers; ami larj^'ely from a withheld kiiowh^di^'e uf its dan;,'eron.s power, and the selfish deceptions and teachin;,'s of Heguiling men. V'ou will ]»lease, to hear in mind that the instances I present are merely culle(l from a few uiismotheri'd rec^urds whi(di have been per- mitti'd to meet the puhlii; eye. They furnish Imt a fe(d)le insi^dit into the measure of that luss ami ruin of litV^ which the future may di.sclose, or careful and conscieiitiou.s collaboration would even now secure. Von will reflect while, you read, that these instances are the van- guard of that arm\ of victims wlios(^ file I described nearly a year aj.,'0, with a sadly close ]M'evisiun (2) and a jiainfully exact api)re- ciation of the probable relations lu'tween inexcusably niiiunfactured cause and inevitabh; natural eti'ect. IXC'IDKNTAL XOTICKS OF UKATH, OK MUTILATION BY FkKKZING I.N Manitoba asu tmk Noutii-Wkst huhino Dkc, Jan. AND Feu., 1882-8:i. DECK.MHKK, 1882. 1. — Frozen on the Prairie — Joseph Kobinson, of Brandon — Body found thirty miles from I^randon on the Prairie — Frozen stiff. 2. — An elderly man froze to death close to his tknt, on the prairie near wliere .Jo.seph Robinson's body was found. Januauy. 3. — On the 23rd January th« larger number of the voters in the Birtle District were frozen, some of them seriously. "It is stated that four-lifths of the 200 who voted in Minnedosa were severely frost bitten. 4. — Winnipeg Hospital is so crowded that some of the patients have to lie upon the floor. A considerable number of the in- mates are sulfering from frost bitep. 5. — Winnipeg, Jan. 26. Over a dozen people will lose limbs, main- ly through carele.ssness. 6. — Mr. G. B. Elliott, of the Brandon Mail, who was brought to the Winnipeg Hospital a few days ago with his feet badly frozen, liad both feet amputated on Saturday. 7, — Dr. Delahaye of Portage la Prairie lost several of his toes on the same day. C2J I resppctfullv desire to call the attention of those Church of England Clergy, men in England to whom I transmitted my letter to His Grace the late Archbishop of Canterbury, to thlK matter; and particularly to the rfsponBibilitv attaching to those who incautiously interested themselves in leading uninstructed bniciish Emigrants, in all their unpreparedness, to the dangers of a Manitoban or North- Western winter, by the ungaarded dlBtrlbution of the "Colonists' Handbook," published by the Tract Committee of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. 9d 1 ! 'J.— u. I ■-'.— 13. It. 15. H.--A miin mini. (I 'riiuiii].sun \vii.H l»rou.,'lit from lln' l-uUc uf tin' Wuuils ii'C«'Ully, will lortf till' ;,'ri'.iti-r puiliun ul' both I't't'i from lilt' «allli' (MllSr. I''r;iiik .Miirsliiiil, iru;ii iwiw V.nu-\\uiii'V, tliM'.' mill's oir. MiH. SiKMicc Ic'cauM,' '■•.handled and ilii'd. 'I'ln' daiiLjhtcr reached th(! ne'i;,dil)oni',s with tin; haby, hut Ivv arms and hands were I'ru/eii. -James W'ylie, a hj'ick-nnker uf Selkirk- -from Scutland in th' siuin;,' -lost in u lili/.zard while un his Avay to visit a sick l'riei;d. Ilolli luinds aiiii»utateil. -Five men from Lidve in the Wuuds — Feet hatlly fio/eji, iii- volvin;^' lu.ss ol' fi't't or toes. -Tho foUowiuj^' extract Irum a private* letter has been permitted to appear in the newspapeis — it Wonld be Well if more of tlusi' sad records weir made judilic to warn the uninstructed and the unwaiy. The letter is dated "I'jiise, North-West Ti'r- ritory," Feb. 14, lSi*^3. I'ense is on the lino of tlio Canada J'acilic li'ailroad and nut far I'lom llegina : — "1 very niucl) iv- y;ret to report that lives iiave been sicriliced ont. here diirincj the cold ^vave, of a few Avceks ago, bnt, afier all, it was iiot su mucli the fault of the countiy a.s that of the unfortunate per- sons who rashly t^xjiosed themselves to its rigors in an ojien l)lain. Threi' men left Maple ("reek witli a pony and sleigh to attend a dance at Fort Walsh, 2(S miles distant. By some misliap the sleigh gave out. They all reached within thi'ee miles of the Fort, when two of them gave u]) in iles))air, say- ing that they would 'Fass in their cheipies her(\' The third man, with dying courage, wrajiped his blankets around him. mounted his pony and reached the Fort, giving the alarm. When a party with a wagon reached tho scono they found the two Uion in the end»race of death, wra])pe(l in their snowy winding sheets. During tlu* same blizzanl four American de- serters perished near Fort Walsh, and were found dead. An- other i^arty of three are missing, and beyond a doubt have shared the same sad fate." Makch. 16. — Mr. F. N^. Gisborne, Jr.. .son of Dominion Inland Superinten- dent, engaged on telegraph construction in tlio !North-West, had his face badly frozen a fevr days ago when the thermome- ter fell to 53 below zero. (Jne eye and the muscles of one side of his face had to be removed. 17. — A man named Holton had his feet frozen recently while in bed, at his home at Pembina Crossing. &c., &c., &c., &:c. 1)0 23 (■ of 111'" t'ci'i from >li//;irtl — )tli li;unl- ^'c :ilrjul ir's, tliii'i- ■ ml ill til ' -il ;i sick ozon, m- ])i'nnitl('(l mure of iiislruclfMl ^\•l,•^stT(■l•- iP Ctuiiidii llUlcl) IV- (? diiviiic,' as uut s(j inato pei- an o})un \i] slci^di \)y .suiin' hill tlirt'f i])iiir, say- riic ihin! uiul him. 10 aliirm. Ibund the ir suowv •ricau df- 3ad. An- uht have jpormtoii- )rth-West, Jiermome- es of one while in &:c. I o:nit, amun:,' ofh'T-i. th'< h'irt-r''Iac" tlio prnvioiis winter whi(rh were not nolice-l l)y the Winni|H';; I'ress, and therefore^ did not (.'ume within the knowledj^e ul' the puhlio, Mveii Macoun says, "'nurint; the past winter, ( I s.s| _•_'), a nnm- ))fir of imlividuals lost ihc'w h'vcs hy not fully vi^'Ar^nrnw^ the daii- gt'r tlioy ran in exposing themselves on tlie prairie, when a severe wind storm (IMizzard) was in piw,'i'ess." (Page (]\l\, Manitul)a and tlie (Jreat North- West). This was in the winter of 18.S1-2 when comparatively few inex- perienced immigrants were on the jtrairies, and yet tlio (Jovern- ment explorer has to notice the loss of a numLer of liv(\s through unpreparedness and want of knowledge even then. Jhit no pnt)lic record of these calaniiti(!s was permitted to come to the light, all was kept hidden and dark. So far hack as the Dominion Meteorological IJe])ort for 1877 we read (p. XI II) that the Huperintendent says, "1 have received an a])] lication from Winnipeg for tlu; estaljlisliment of a cautionary Storm Signal there, in onler to give warning of tlie pro])ahle ap- proach of those terrible "P.ijzzarhs" wliicli sweep over the prairies in winter and cause so much de-^fnh-.fiou to life tnul pnijicrtij. It is stated that were such a station establi.shed, munij liir.-i ntif/ht be Kixvr.d, as people would not venture on a Journey across t tie prairies if timely notice were given of an approacliing storm." Thus you see that the loss of many lives has long been a smotlier- ed i)rairie horror, well concealed from the i)uy)lic view. Now, Colonel do Winton, please bear in mind, that under the shadow of such a Death and Mutilation liecord as I have foretold, presented, and further foreshadow, the requirements of humanity permit me to write to you of things which the ordinary courtesies of life would otherwise entirely preclude. In the presence of that vast emigration to the North- West which is represented as about to take place this year from Europe, gathered and accumulated as it is from all quarters by the authoritative distribution of false and 24 dangerous information, tlio knowledge which 1 pos.sess of the suh- ject doniands that no restrictions of servile civilization or heartUw^ "Society" should curl) the frei; expres.sion of opinion ro.spccting cause and ellect in such cases of great lUid accumulating disaster. The details of the "Colonists' }Iandbook" ])ublished by the Tract Committee of the Society for Promoting Chri.stian Knowledge, were furnished 1) Sir Alexander Cialt. This Handbook tells the Eng- lish emigrant that in Manitoba ^'The lomtlier iff not felt to he cohler tlain in tite Province of Quehrc, nor .so cold as milder xcinters in climates where the Frost, or eren a less decree of cold than Frost, is accompanied with damp or wind. The testimonij is universal on this point." The English emigrating classes know little or no- thing about "30" or 40"^ below zero," but they know what the words I have (juoted mean. Look at the following taljle, it is taken from the official annual published IfeM'Tus of the Dominion Meteorological Service. All the temperatures givi ii are below zero. Contrast this table witli the statement in the "CJolonists' Handbook" which I have italicized in the foregoing paragraph. Think of submitting uninstructed and unprepared English Emigrants to the horrors of these below zero temperatures in every month from November to April — six months. ]^)ELOw Zkro Tkmpehatures. Table shoiciny the Monthh/ Mean and the lowest Montlihj Tempera- tures, all below Zero, during the i/ears and months named, at Winnipey, Manitoba, for ten i/ears. 1871 1872 187.'! 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 Novem- ber. Lowest. December. January. February. M Mean Lowest. —35.(1 Meiin. Lowest. AleuD. Loweitt. •28.0 —6.8 — lill.O —90 —41.0 —34 --31.0 —•^6.8 -32.8 -4.7 —35.0 —.36.0 3 — ;!2 8 -37 7 —65 —43.5 —.30 2 —34.0 -2S.2 —16.2 — 39..i —16.2 —40,5 -327 —4.8 —36.5 —5.0 —38 6 -8 4 —44.1 0.0 —1.0 —7.0 —47 —26.1 —23 6 —24.1 —3.0 -6.0 —13.8 —53.0 -4.4 —35.; —7.8 —43.6 —22.1 —09 —42 1 -28.0 -1.7 —35.1 Lowest, —26 - 36 —24.3 —38 2 —22.3 —28.0 —235 —38.1 April. Lowest . -fi.C —5.6 — 13.1 —14.0 — 1.0 You are reported in the public papers to be directly or indirect- ly interested in North-AVest 'JV-rritory property. This may or may not be true. It is further publicly stated that as soon as your term of service Avith tiie Governor (.leneral expires, you are going to es- tablish yourself for an indeterminate period in the North-West. Whether this be true or not it has au ellect in ^Urecting favourable attention to the North- West. But, every death on the prairie which can be traced to immigra- tion under the lure of false information is veiled manslaughter. Every pound taken from the Immigrants by similar information is veiled robbery. Every share consciously sold by a promoter or agent in C/ompanies formed under the glozing pictures embodied in the official "Information for Intending Immigrants," is a cruel swindle. Finally, every conscious inveigler of poor, uninstructed and unprepared immigrants to settle without foreknowledge, on free grant prairie farms under the aggregated attractions scattered I f the sul)- r heart le.-^'' respecting lisaster. - the Tract edge, were the Kng- o he colth'i' winfeni in hail Front, itnivcrsal tie or 110- what the ial aunual ■vice. All table with e italicized ;ructed and below zero (ix months. y Teinpcni- anied, ch. (west. -26 36 -2i.3 -38 2 -22.3 -28.0 -235 -38.1 April. Lowest. — n.o — 5.« -13.1 -14.0 —1.0 or indirect- nay or may s your term going to es- sorth-Wesl. favourablf ,0 immigrii- inslaughter. formation is promoter or tjmbodied in is a cruel minstructed )wledge, on IS scattered tlirougliuut l^U'^d.iii 1 l.v .Sir Al:'\ lud.v i't:\\\, is a in;i!i fit foi' th" d:j(;k. In all lliis. Hi IV. ■ wj douht tlrvt just and I'^hHh-- ,ii,.u will ngrci' with iiir. tlicri'toi'c I ;tni \vj\v guiug tu sliuw yu;i ilitt t j cii dilate the inventions of .such a cliarlatan and rugiH' a-; .\I;ic'iiu. i> to palter with I'vcry attril)Ut(' which ni;ikr.< n man. I am Hi'st ounstraiiiiMl lu point out with caift'ul dc*. lil ilie ivasoiis which (;umpi'l iiic to iiitrfrfrr .^o .-^trougly in tlh' lu-ittrr nl I'alsi' rcprcscntaLions of .Munitoha ind the Xoitli-\\'c-t by liovmi ment ollicials. First. — lic-pccting Simmim; Ci.i.m.vth. .'Vniuiig the most important iiictroi'ological t iblc-; iis.'d to illiis ti'atc the supposed summer climatic of Manitoba and deceive intend ing Kinign'nts and Investors, tliere are those which are bised upon MY 0\V\ Fl(iL"l{i:s. 1 have ]>ointe(l out in many ways that my llgure.> colU'ctcd -•"• years ago are incoiTcct in themselves and otherwise unlit forcomjta- lisun. At the time 1 jtublislied them in my oUicial Reports and in my Narrative 1 notel;ike,>toii. IJ. A., a competent authority, first detected, ii. 1800, tliat theiigure- resulting from Mr. CJunn's ol>servations at Ked Iliver, u.sed by m,'. had not been pro[ierly reduced, and were conse([Uently very wns- leading. This lia,s been exj)lained again and again, but because the .sumnuir temjieratures for l8.").")-(i, givtai in my Repurts and I'.ook ))uldished in 1SG(I, are inordinately ju'gh and e.vce.s.^^ive, being higlier than the mean of any sub.secpieut oflicial observations reeoideil. tliey supjily seemingly authorized data ior urging the conclusion, by means of r trick hereafter described, that the summer tempera tures of .Manitoba are in excess of those, not only of Toronto, ])ut of large portions of various States of the American Union. The first comparison was mndi' by the Unitei, Nortlu'm New York or ''Toronto" and the tahle as altered shoAvs it. l>iit if you take my corrected figures for lied liiver Settlement, or make proper comparisons with more recent and accurate data and compatible localities, you will find that they establish exactly contrary conditions to those dei McDonell Dawson, but there must be some great mystery in the matter, for I tind the same introductory words — letter for letter — in the Official Document entitled, "Infurmation for Intending Emi- grants," over the name of the Hon. J. H. Po[>e, )tublished in 1872. You will be able to trace the snme paragraplis on i»age i'3 of the brochure pidilished in 1872, and on jmges 157 and lo8 of Ma- coun's "Manitoba and tile r;re;U Xorth "West," published in 1882, and in many other [tampldeis distributed by the Department of Agriculture. They nearly all embody tlie same corrupt and mis- leading thing, the same jjroFitable lie. Therefore, you will not fail to recognize that 1 am compelled to continue to jtrotest most vigorously against this imposition on the public, because my hgures of 185.5-0 are made the basis of the false representations. If they were correctly used, they would estab- lish conclusions [)recisely the oi)posite to those advanced, and in my opinion save millions of money and hundreds, if not thousands of lives. These figures are made, jointly with falsified winter tem- peratures, the groundwork for most imi)udent and false representa- tions respecting tlie summer and winter climate of Manitoba and the North- West. When pointed out to Sir Alexandei ( Jalt, he re- plies that **he does not propose to take any notice of the communica- tions to which I refer." — (See pag(! 14). Hut he and his friends con- tinue to entice emigrants; to sell their land 'lots,' and to form Com- panies. These details were pul)lished in the Nottingham l)a>hj Guardian eleven months ago. You must admit that this evasion is not only injustice but act- ually criminal, for 8ir Alex. Trait and a host of others possessing laud- ed property, or other interests in ^fanitoba, enjoy the fruits the im- position secures them ; multitudes of trusting i)ersonrt suffer, and mow. will be made to suffer for the arrogant and arbitrary swindle. 1 have made extraordinarv efforts for a long time to check this dis- honourable injustice to tlie investing i)ublic and to emigrants, — it being a part of much other deception, — but as yet without avail. I intend to go on until I succeed, as a matter which humanity presses. Second. — Kespecting AVintkr Climatk. Consul Taylor published in 1878 a letter to the St. Paul's Fionovr Prcfs, in which he made use of certain erroneous tables foisted ui)on him. I confine myself to the winter tem[ieratures he gives, having discussed the entire table elsewhere. (1) Consul Taylor gives the M"ean monthly winter temperatures at Winnipeg for 1878-1>, as subjoined. December. January, February. And for Hattleford : December, January, February, 11.07. 6.10 Below Zero. 12.32 r.elow Zero. G,4.s. 0.4.-). 10.25 Below Zero. (\) See letter to His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury. 28' riufosur Miicuuii li;ih I'fjuuducid ( 'o'.biul TavJoi'.s lipA'urcs in lii',- '■M.\NiTuiiA AM) Till-; (Ikka'I' >,'(i|{TIi-A\'i;st," ])ut he lias made tlif .laiiuaiT U'liiiii'iaturc 1ur Wiiini]ic^f (i'Md al'dCr Zci'u, iiistrad ut' lii'luw ; lln' Kflniiaiy ifiiiiifratun' lL**'.3:i nlun' Zeru, instead uf Ix'- luw ; aiiil llu' Kcliniary tcniiM'ialni'c ul' liatll'-l'ui'd 10". iT) dlmri' Zci'u, iiislcail ui' Itcluw. After luakin;,^ these changes he has made the Me;ui annual teiiii)eviUuieu1'\Vinnii>e,u- :i»)".G7 insti'ad of .'U".7<) !is the (, 'unsul L^'ives it, and the .Mean tenijierature I'uv Hattletuid :?(•)•>. -IG instea»aturally they would Xur lure s('(|U and ,is it 29 apiH'iil tu '■"7/7''H//" st'.iU'incuts if llicir ;ill('y;iitiyus wero (lucslionod. Our uwn iicwsiKipiM's ai'n iiii.slfd in iht; saiin' w;iy, ami 1 liavf read suiiic iiiclaiicliuly notices of tlif ( Juvcnunciit ]iani]i]ru't, '"Canadian Xuith-Wi'st — (,'liniatt' and Prudn(!tiun.s." I'.ul 1 Jiavc had lung 1ic- lui<' my cyi's tlai J)i;Arii ani> Mnii.ATKiN iJni.i., and tlio awful cun- siMiucncfs ■\viiich wen; ccalain lu iulluw tlu' leading ol' iniliistnirhil and Kitjn-i'iKii'cd pcuidi; into a Manituhan and Xorlli-Wcst Winter as it is, nut as it is jiainted by ciuel and designing men. It is, I thiidc, quite (dear that miiher I'luiessoi' .Macuun, tlie lio'v. .Kneas Mae.])unald I )a\vsun, Mr. Lowe uf the ])ei>artuuait i)\ Agri- culture, ur anv uther person wliatt'ver, has any riglit to use my figures, ]iul)lished from '!'?> tu 2(1 yeais ago, and tlieu stilted to bo unreliable, as the ]);!sis of ini])Ostures in ]ihysical goograjdiy : oi' use them fur untiltingly describing the capabilities of a vast country for the iiurpose of attracting e.migiants, or for iiny other similar ]tu;- puse whatever. I conceive that it is my duty to resist this impos- ture by (!very b'gal ineans in my jiuwer. liut when this imposture is associated withsucli infamous meddling with tlu; tigui'es of others as 1 hiive descril)e(b and the (juoting of uriy^inal conclusions fruui dtere(I data, it l)ecumes a crime of higli order, paiticularly when i' ji'ads to mutilation ami (h'ath. Macoun'.s Whkat ('ouxthy. (Jnc word witli respect to ^lacoun's rejiresentation of tlie agricul- tural adaptation of the country to ])roduce wheat over a vast aren, ,!nd th(^ method he enii)loy.s to show it. On i)age 145 ^lacoun gives a nu^teorological table in whitdi he compares the temperatures of Winnipeg, Fort McLeod, Norway House and P'ort Simpson, vid'erring the reader to the Meteorological la'port for 187<^ as his authurity. 2Sow, when you trace out his iigures you tind that in this, as in all other leading cases, the scamj) has compared ditfei'ent selected years, which bear out the view he Avants to ]n'opagate, and he has given a wrong authority. He has jiresented the temperatures Of Winiiipec:, for the year ISTfi, (See Meteorological Kepoit for 1870. i •* P\)it McLeod, " '• ISTfJ, ( " do. do. ) " Fort Simpson, " ' lS7o, ( " do. do. ) *' Norwayllouse," " 1841 & 1S47. (Sniitlisonian Contributions, Vol. XXII., 187(1, page 4.) Yet he refers you to the ^Meteorological Iieport for 187S where von will not find them. And after stdecting ditl'erent vears, he savs — •'We see that the sunnner temperature in the North-West Territo- ries is excejitional." On page 20(j of his book, he a]»plies this "exceptional" table to l»rove the adaptability of an inunense area in the North- West Ter- ritories as suitable for the cultivation of wheat, with this monstrous generaliziition, "Now in the tables given in the chapter on climate, it /s' ■ Jtoirn that in I'rtrij part uf tin Tcrrltarij tlic teuipiraturo ex- '■ri'tis tills." (Sixty degrees for July and August.) On ]»age 141, he says his reniai's ap})ly mainly to an area of 667, GOO square miles — and to prove his conclusions for the greater portion of this area, say ten times as big as P'ngland, he gives yon the incompa- tible temperatures of four places in three dilferent years. Ho There are plenty of pasaaf,'e8 in the book which show that when ho wrote that and other Htateinents he knew that he was lyinjf. Now, who bribed him to lie ? The title of Macoun'.s liook is "Manitoba and the Great North- West." This title ii])i)ears at the top of every even page. But in furnishing his niaders with the names of "respectable and intelli- gent farmers in the North- We.'. 206, 207). He ha-* repeated tiie outrage 1 have long since pointed out as perpetrated by the deceiving author of the tiovernment pamphlet, "Whal Farmers Say." \Vho bribed these rogues thus to deceive the puli- 11c ? ^[r. Lowe ought to know. No man who possesses a medium knowledge of physical geogra- phy and who would submit to public cross examination on the sub- ject, or cross examination in the witness-box, dare assert that iiw- sixths of the area assigned by Macoun to the profitable cultivation of wheat, as far as our j)resent knowledge goes, are not made extra hazardous by climate, or wholly precluded by water, or rock, or morass, or nature of the soil. You can prove any thing you like about climate, within certain limits, by adoi>ting the ])rocess of selection. This charlatan, Rfa- coun, ])ursues this ])rocess in all important cases of illustration he advances respecting his falacies about Manitoba and the North- West. Take Peace J^iver, and remember Macoun's description of the whole of the Peace Piver Countuy, (page 101 Haudlx)ok for Emi- grants) aud of Dunvegan and its "crops." This is the official reconl of the mean monthly temperature of Dunvegan for 1880, you will find it in the Dominion Meteorologi- cal Keport for that year : — Ykau. 1S80. FoliT DUNVKOAN— MeAX MOiNTHLY TeMPE BATUES. January, 20.5 Below Zero. Lowest Temp. —62.4 Februa /, 3.6 —50.4 March, 9.0 '• *' — 52.(» April, 29.2 " " -27.4 May. 49.2 June, July, Au>■ nuuicrous friends. He occu- pies a prominent official position and he lias long been made the speculators cat's-paw. Being an elderly gentleman of very amiable character, his friends 32 supjily liiiii with fi,L,nirc'^, llic Coti^nl ilraws Iiis conclusions and lii> niiivvcUuiis (liscuvfii's live l)riiit(Ml iiliiu id undiM' tin' iniposin;^' in llnmcc ul' his otlicial n;uiu' and his alien positiun, whi(di is vf]n'r s(tnt.t'(l as a L^uarantiM! ut' hi^ •'iiniiufstionfd and uniiucstiunalilc" nccnracy. Tl ic is now iiu "^^l'tt•ul■ulo;,dsl" in I-jn'opt' or Aniciici upon \vhc>s(' nauK' adulation has lici-n showt rr to His Exc(dlency the (Jovernor ( Jeiieial. dated respectively Maich 5th and Gth, (Xos. Y\ and VII), in whi(di 1 have adverted to new and imjjortant matter. 1 notic(;d in the lirst of these comnninications the occurrence ot n?nnerons other grave misrepresentatiuns in Professor ^laconn's work. These are misleading rejn'oductions of falsifications previ- ously pointed out in puljlicly circulated j)rinted documents. ^VU the leading tables prepared by Maeonn and his conclusion- therefrom are nothing less than the concoctions of a scientific rogue. They are designed to mislead unread and ignorant i)eoi)le respect- ing the physical characterist:ics and features of an inniiense area of conntry it is sought to p:'e;-ent before tlie public eye as merchant- able, and a suitable field for profital)le con^niercial speculations and investments. 'These rascally inventions are jiaraded under the au- thority of high names and ollicial stamp. They are nothing hut tra}>s for the unwary and unconscious Ijelievers in the honesty o1 high sounding or well known names. They are circulated to an immense extent, with knowledge of their crinunalt}', by Sir Alex- ander Gait throughout the British Isles, and they will prove disast reus to numerous investors. (1) I fear that the trusting people who have not time or bent to look into these matters will have to suffer financially for this roguery in addition to the sufterings of the Immigrants. The heartless speculators, j)romotors, leeches, parasites and "pa- ri^ Your attention is particularly directed to tlie li"* of letters given in the accom- panying Appendix H, which relate to Sir Alexander Gait's operations in England, era- body warniucs, and point out fraudulf' misrtpregentations. These letters witl b" available at tne proper moment. Ml- ami liis ii]iosiiiL( iii- li is icpi't'- mstioiiildc" lorici uiioii iiiutivcs, ,st» tli:it ufflir V tilt' liti'ia |»aiticnlaiiv gricilllure ; til it cuiiii- ci'cl'CllC)! to y, (Utitli'd it I'd state- li.ivc direct ■t'ectiuiis ol s (lone and "Canadian ' .same iiii- then sail I [^r to whi(di red letter.- ,'ely Maicli ted to new L'urrence of [' Macoiiii's ions ])revi- nts. conclusion.- itific rogiU'. le rcsi)ect - nse area ol nun'chant- ations and or the an- ything hnl honesty ol ited to an Sir Alex- 'ovo disast- ent to look roguery in s and "pa- ll the accom- England.ein- etters will b'- 3S triots" will l)« all right, but it will b« at tlie cost of fulur.- skelntoii'» in tiie closet. rerluijis the worst financial feature in the whole matter, arininj^ from the inhumanity of the desi^iu and the gildin;; ot the proceeii- ings, will 1h> found in the «dl'ect piodueed in l'.uro|ie uii Canada as i\ whole, when the Huhhle linally iMir.sts. The circulation of the purchased frauds manufactured hy Ma couu, Dennis, JJell, lUgg and others, in Kmi^iatiun I'amiihlfts, in the Proceedings of distinguished Societies and hy h'eligious Incor- porations has been enormous, amounting to millions of copies. The writings and delineations of tiiese false witnesses hav«,' heen [)ermitted to invade sacred precincts under atrocious and .sordid in- fluence. All this must be atoned for, for this viscious work is as- sociated witli financial intrigues, whose temporary success confers on a few, vilely won distinction and splendour, Init whos(! idtimate failure is ruin to tens of thousands, accompanied by a deatli and mutilation roll of lerrible im}iort, 1 think tliere can be no doubt that tlie loss of life fiom fiee/ing. and the mutilation of limbs from the same cause, among the immi grants in Manitoba anil tlie North-AVesi since >«ovemb«'r and U|i to the middle of March, will considerably exceed the lo.sses at Tel- el-Kebir, which gave Egypt to the civilization of oui c(jm)ueiing race. 1 fear that before the winter clo.ses Kve hundred will scaicelv cover the list of killed and wounded in the unequal wartaie with Mauitoban and North-Westein Winter's cold by unprepared and uninstructed immigiants. And when vou think of the condition iu which many thousands were described to be living — in tknts- throughout the Souris and the Qu'apelle country, during the lovely but flteiing autumnal September and part of October, you can not think this estimate too high. Winter came, as it always comes there, with a sudden and in- exorable grip. Think of a mean zero temperature for four months in tenh, or small boarded dwellings, or hastily built log, or turf huts, and very little dry fuel available within easy reach, or near at hand. All this, with the temperature often sinking to 30", 40'^ and even 50" below zero, when mercury freezes, trees crack with a sharp report, ponds and small lakes and biooks become solid ; whil" insufficiently protected human life, w^ith all its aspirations and know ledge, sinks a succumbing victim to cold it cannot escape. The present outlook in the Souris and Qu'apelle country is liav- rowing ; and no violence of invective, or furious rage of s[>eculatoi, or declamation of touter will conceal the ruin. The revelations of private correspondence must come to the light, and open inquiry disclose the reason for, and the agents of, this brutal inveiglement. You will bear in mind that 1 published in August last, with much illustrative detail, certain conclusions based on acknowledged physical premises, which conclusions showed that a large numbei' of the immigrants who had gone to Manitoba and the North-Wesi Tenitory in 1882, must, in the natural course of eimits he mv.- tilated or frozen to death. I pointed out that this result was inovi. table in consequence of the misrepresentations made to them and 34 tlii'i)' iiiiiiitii,tr''ilin'ss tu iih't't winter culil lutli iin-'ii^f iinl a.-sm- f'l. 1 li"-iuU;;lit special atteiitiull lu tlie su})je('t, lUnl l»e;^'^"'il that llie ei)ii;fr.iiUs tiii;^'lit iuMvireil lui'. Ill onler tu Vi. iims of I'lJorKcri:!* Fkaim." (See pa^c !»'_' — ■'l'!iui,i^'i'ation. Lainl and Railway Frauds -An < )iii(;uni(' of t lie I,iuu- li'-:li ( 'ullleieiice id' 1^7^." Iteiii^f a letter addressed to tin' late Arcidtishuii of ( ' interl»iiiy (^oiicerniiii,' tlm "( 'ulonists' Handbook"). The ro^Miery of Macouii, the dreadful laxity of Mr. Lowi', and ihe lilack I'espoiisiliility of Sir Ah-xaiiiler (!alt and others, will be- -in to dawn ujioii you soon. \'uu have to <'onsider the jireseut yeiu'. Mr. Lowt; is iille;,'e(l to hive statetl in his recent evidence before the ( 'oloiii/ itioii and Ini- iiiiL;ratioii ' 'ouiiiiittee that the pros])ects for i'luropean emigration this ye.ir "wen^ very bi'iL,'ht." The Kuropean .\gents ri'jiort an enormous eiuigintioii to < 'anada, as the resiih of t heir unhallowed ellbrts. lu addition we lia\'e the remarkable proposition l»y Mr. ( I. Steph"ii, I'lcsideiit of the ( 'aiiadiaii I'iK^ide Railway. Mr. (I. Steplicu's letl'U' in the i,oiidou 'r'ini(.< of .March I'mb [Mall), 1 re- legiite to a fout-noli'. (1) merely remarking that to send tlui nO.ddO of the class of Irish s))oken of, to the Canadian Novth-West, would l)e eipiivaleiit to sending oiu'-foui'tli, or 1 ■_*,;")()(). to mutilation or pro- bable death from freezing bi'fore next Christmas. As to the KiO acres "ot 'he veiy best (pialiiy of fanning land tree of cost," 1 can oniy say tha* Mr. (leorge Stephenslioiild be pui in th.; witness liox and ipiestiomid exhaustivcdy about his Canadian North-West Literature (listributed in i'!ngland, (h'scril)ing tlu; soil, his own Olfieiid Memorandum (h'scribing the climate, and tlu? autho- rities he (;an produce for the cruel lies lu? has told iUid sauctiouod. In December. l(S,sl, Mr. (leorge Stephen was furnished by me witii a printed letter (registered) eluci(iating tlie falsehoods of Tro- fes,>or Macouii, and pointing out in detail the proofs of the rogueries of this charlatan. .Mr. (J(!orge Stejdien was further cognizant of my artioii in London during April and May, 1882, in relation to the .Mansion House Committee for the "EinignUion of the L^neni- (\) IRI.SH EMIGRATION. 'I'd till Hdilor III' tin Tlmeis, t?ii«,— Will ^ou permit me to ofl'er a pracllnal HiigK^stion with reftTifiice to the de- jiloriiblc coiiclitioii ol a lnr<.'<' poiUoii of tlii' .'•niall ininn^r cIurs in Ireland, which Mr. \'n vel\ nil describes in his speecli in the House of Commons last night in the foHowlng \v.siii- ;<^"«1 that iuii to till? ailvinicc, M-V !)•_'_ tin- IjUll- llic latr' mlhouk"). -oui', aiiil , will bu- ll Ic^'cil to ami liii- ini^i'atiuii ii'lioi't an ilialluwt'il 11 hv .Mr. Mr. (i. 'I'/), I I'l;- si, Would on or pro- ling land uld be pm ( 'anadiau ;• tluj soil, llio autlio- inctionod. ^d by me Ls of Pro- ' I'oguei'ie.s ^nizaut of ■dation to le Unein- ce to the de- wliich 3Ir. he following >rHble tlia i e naid. "67,- in thi! \a,tif.r ilf acres of I to work at it, I would out to the une. at the K that every n land free i coloni2!a- ach fHfmer jlve him a r CompsDy. ti'l «(j III' jiioycd," and t'lf corvi'^iioiidi'iin' wliidi |.,i.->i'il. (1 ) Mr. (icui^tii- .Stcidn'ii |.i'riiiitli'd liiii.M'lf to i-liuic all tli»-i' K'l'ivM'iit it ijn>. ainl lu Inig and piolit by llif drlu-iolis be .s^ jirrsi.«li-lill \ |Mo|iagalt's. Ill bis iiiui.ichl-- of -ickiii'ss ami .sinking lifaltb, w bfii roiiragi- and .silt-icliaiK.'i' begin to fail, and fi'ai> and duubt> tu takr ibi-ii I'l.icc, yiv di'orgi' Sti'l/bi'li will jMobaliiy .S.I' till- .>lii>ct res ul Iiialiv a ilo/i'll cyr n'a.->i'l('>>l\ li\nl nil liilii. I have iiuw to pfint uiit to voii a iiu-l iai|iui!atit I'.irt .■uiiihtIimI with llic iiH'tliod luiisui'd lo drccivc ciiiigrants and invi'sitM.s in Mllglalid. Tlitrc is piiHli-d ur iiix'iti'd ill must oi' tli" < 'ro\ci uiiiriil l'aiii|pldrts, issued by tbf ( iovciiiiiM'iit Agents, a yijlow .-li|i iii jiajiiT on wliicli till' following words aic printrd:- •■Tbf Caiiiidian (fov'.'rnnifnt, with a vifw of aifording ('niti!i;< i and kci.iAHi.i-: infonnatioii to inliiidiiig Sdtl.as niid id' giving tla-ni • ■very lai-ility in obtaining il, bavr ojn-ncd coiniiiuilioiis oliici', :it l.") Wairr Strci-t, Livrriiool, wlitn'o St.vti'Tks, ( Iun latN.Mii.vr K'l: TIU.VS, Sk,S.sH).V.\I, PaI'KUS, lilU'oKT.S UN TllAltK, .M A I'S. Si'Kl IM K.NS i >| (Jkain a.M) otiiki! ruoiiLt ts, S\.\ii'|,ks UK Soil., iind in lact. all von ('ri\abli' matti'is of inti'iTst to visitors to tin- I'oniinioii, wbribi'i wilb \ii'w tu iiiriiiaiii'lit srtt IiiiH-iit or not. luav bi- coii.sultrd ins|ii'(,"tcd. Tbr ( loMiaiiiK'itt .\gi'iit ot till' honiinioii will ready to gi\<' ad\ ice and assistance." (^•('., A'c, »Vc.. (Vrc. The slip is inserted in those atrocious deliisiuns"\\'li it Fanners Say" — "A Hand liook fur Kmigrants," \r.. \r. In tlies ■ .lociinieiil- you will tind Macoiin'.s faIs(dioods. and talsi' iiieleuiulugieal tables. «Vf'.. (Vc, printed for the emigrant's and investor's guidance. In llic liia/ed and embarrassing Sessional I'ajievs to which the Emi- grant is v(d'erred for proof — lie will tind tliat many of the hiding statements thus advanced are l''AJ,Sl'!. (l>) ^'ou will further observe that in my letters to Sir d. A. Mac- doliald (\o. X). and to His Kxeellency the (iovemor (leiieral (No. \'l]), 1 have [deadcd fov a pulilic examination to enalde me to prove tills stntement, and tlnis assist in removing the causes of soiv •listress in many ways to our fellow-countrymen. Sup])0se, if it be possible, that this reasonable reipiest be not granted, and, as in the case of Sir Alexander (lalt. it elicits the re- sponse, "no notice will be taken of your communication.s." What will the public think of tlie matter? Is there any other conclusion possible, than this — All my statements are true; the men im[)lica tod dare not face t-iO iuijuiry ; immigrants and investors must con timie to sutfer in order to shield them; Mutii.ation and Dkatii nuist b(! u])held in their sway for fear of breaking the wingsof halt a dozen Hauimes. The comments of a portion of the Englisli press on .some of thr abuses and pervei'sious alluded to have lieen noticed in (."anadaand in the Canadian House of Commons. Therefore it is ijuite unne flj Sec printod "CoirefipondeDce relatinjt to the Emigration of the Unemployed ' I'i) For a tolerably complete outline of these deceptions, with rtterenccH to the Sen- eional Papers which revealthem, ace my letter to Hi» Grace the late Archbiohop of Canterbury, entitled -'An Outcome of tin' Lambeth Conference." A much fuller ar count is found in the annotated copy— and numerous illuBtrationH in the various let- ters enumerated in the communicatioiiH referred to in this letter. 36 c«!MsiiTV tor TIM* to |»oiut out tlw vorv obvioUH t"niiiiii\tioii' of thu.s« .ulvcMii'ircs wliich ;ii'H liifj,'t'ly hiscd ujioii llu' ^tosm niisri'pn'Monta- tioiiH iiIr«M(ly |Hilili(;ly |niM«lt'(l ivnd Nju-ciiilly puinti-fl out. N«'ilh«'r IS it n»'c,('ssiiry to iill>i«itioii whii'li may bfcoini' tlw- lot of sunn' proinotors. It is known in properly inf'oiincM (.'irclcv, that Manitubi and l!iider, rej,'ardless of tlan|,'erous eunseipieiias. to infbu'iice the life actions of a multitude of unin- structed people and unduly promote gij^'antic coniiuer«3ial upeciila- fioiis. This has been done by Macoun ; in a less^ degree by other (lov- erument employees. To accept ami propaj,'ate, with consciousness of their defect**, the.se manufactured frauds, and to ai-Hiii«>, man, ])ru- of l)lHi- ph.v, Hii|»- ritativuly Im^'erouR of uiiiii- I .SlM'CUlil- ;lir*r (lov- • (lofectw, (lid pm- niiii lift', \)it Vl'lllli- li.s allies. coutimi- le (lecep- rcHultea i«h1, pro- 1 named, having Dr direct to press he acine es to in- 1 to lead lore con- 38, or, to 1 him in Is to in- iperative hen this by neg- ssity for ncy the nd wise ST diiretion in the matter whieh \m humanity will sui;;,'oat and hi« tJprightncHM Keciire. J Lave thr honour to h*-, Your Oht'dient Servant, IIknry Yoli.k Hind. formerly in chnrgp of the Aaiiinlbolne and Saakatohawkn EzpluriDK Expedition. I'oHT SciiiiT.— SimnMlm f.)it)gi)iti'4 wiw writhni I tlii'Hn of tli.' Kkli .March, 1SS;{. It gives »pe- cittl fi)rce to much of the inatt(*r in my letter: — OTTAWA. fSpoinl tn th' H'itit>H„, \f,inl, IflJ "Mr, lUchardMon and Mr. T. lJ«Winton, brother of Col. DfWIototi, military Mere- tary to HU Ricellnncy thu UoTernor (lentTttl, l«-av« tonight for the North- Weat to take up farming land*. Col. I>e WInton U lnter«*ated In tlm project alto." You will ol)8«frTe that the repetition of the annoiiiieninont of your per- sonal interest in \orth-West Speenlations t{iv»?8 a e<»lour to your posi- tion which requires ymir special attention. I learn frotn the napers that Mr. Peter White, M. I*., is chairman of the Coiiunittee on Iininigration and roloni/ation. I presume that my letter (\o. Ill) to the Chairman of this Committee for the infoimatioii of its memhers, with enclosures, has heen communicated to that itnpor- lAiil hody;aLso that Mr. Lowe, in accordance with my request, (Xo. IX) has brought the general subject under tlie notice of the Committee. The urgency and importance of the inattei demand imtnediate action. I see frotn the papers that two more frozen bodies have been foutid in the snow, one near Winnipeg and otie near .Selkirk. ii. v. ii. XOTK ON THE KeI) KiVKB pLOOm. I append to this letter a note respecting a .statement reported to have been recently made in Scotland by 8ir Alexander Gait, in re- lation to the Red River Floods. The statement is quoted in the St. John Telegraph of March 9th, 1 883, as appearing in a Scottish pajier. Sir Alexander Gait is reported to have said, "'J'here had been ex- tensive floods in the Red River Valley, which is a very exce})tional circumstance. They have not occuFtRED for Twenty-fivb Yeah« BEFORE, AND ARE NOT LIKELY TO OCCUR .\(JA1N." I give you now the facts of the case. The following are the recorded great flood years in the Valley of Ited River — some authorities are given on ])age 393, Vol. II, of my narrative of the Canadian Exploring Expeditions, piibl.ishe,d in 1860. These are again found with startling measurements by com- petent engineers, and with important additional data in the olKcial Report of Mr. Sandford Fleming for 1880, pages 264 to 286. Numerous details were published by me, over my name, in the St. .John TeJetjraph of Feb. 2nd, 1876, under the heading, "Considera- tions atfocting the Canadian Pacitic liailway." Flood Years. Period of Intebvaj* 1776— On the authority of Mr. Noliu. 1790 — Indian Tradition. 14 years. 1809 — Indians hving in the Settlement when Ross wrote. 19 years. 1826 — Missionary Register, Dec. 1826. 15 years. 1852— Notes on the Flood by the Bishop o. Rupert's 26 years. Land. 1861— Living Residents. 1882— Living Resident*. 9 years. 21 years. 3S Tlirsc flood yt'iiis do not inclndo tlif ycnrsof minor Hoods. Some o^'tlicst' ant holiccil in Mr. Flniiing'.s llciioit. His (h'iice Ai'(;hl)islu)]» 'I'aclie is i)i'rfi'(;tly correct m liis ullusl'jii- to Flood "K'ccords of this count ry" in his h'tirr to tiic l.'cv. J-'afher .Nu^^rnt, because tile eoUlll'V had llo "reculds," in the [d'oper sense ol' the term, wliich would ^o hack to 177(i. lUit in JMiysical Sci- ence, well authenticated tradition, strengthened by gi'olot,nc,al and geogra])hic,d evidence, is a n-curd which must lie recuived resj»ei-i ing natural occuMi'lices. |-!veryhody should read the Archbishop's description of the win ter climate of the I'rairie Ilegion in His Grace's "Sketch of tiic North-West ot .Aniei'ica." It would op(m n en's eyes. His Crace says, "Winter has arrived in the be;4inning of Xovember and con- tinues more or less in Ajjril, and, (ireat (iod ! what winter .' One must travel in the midst of these vast plains and camp out durin;^' entire Meeks in the niiilst ui" these s)iowy oceans to understand how scarce Avood is there, and yet how necessajy it is." 'J'hese ''snowy oceans' this year, in the region of the (Ji'and t'oteau de Missouri, and over tli" cunntry which drains into the Souris, are unusually storm tossed. The excess of precipitation over an average of years in the extreme Xurth-West of the I'nited 'States ibr tht; months October, Novendji r, J)ecend)er a7id Januaiy. amounts to nearly tAvo inches of watei'. February, starch and April may increase instead of diminishing iliis excess. Should the ad- vent of spring be sudden, there^ seems to be no escajie from a de- vastating Hood. The (ieological Ifecords on the Souris, the .Assini boine, and IJed iJiver, the water marks on tbe South Antler Creek and in the Lower (,)u'a])elle, all tell, like writing on the wall, what is to be thefat(^ of Winnijieg, sooner or later — this year or the next — or the next. Vou will find tiaced on my ma]) of IJed b'iver Set- tlement, ])ublished in my lJe])ort for 1857, the approximate linn'ts of the area (in the parish of St. Antlnnv) never known to be de vastated by Hoods, We lind from the authorities (pioted on page 31 of the "('ana dian North- West — Climate and J*roductions," tliat the lateral ex pansion of the flood wave lias been ellectually prevented by raising the Railway end^ankments. This is efpuvalent to saying, 'every thing has been done to concentrate the full eilects of future Hood waves on the city of Winnipeg, situated in the throat oi' the artificial funnel down Avhich these Hood waves nmst discharge theii waters,' In 1^:20 the level of the Hood waters above the prairie north of 8t. dolm's Church, before linutingendiankments were made, was eight feet, north of Kildonan Church seven feet, at Point J )uug las seven feet, at the mouth of the Assiniboine five feet. (See ]»age •J69 Canadian PaciHc I'ailway Jve]iort, under date 24th Sej)t., 187U). What will now be the height au(l force of floods within the co-din ing embankments ? APPENDIX P.. Letters referred to in the Foot-note on Paue 32. 1.— To Fre to be d(- thc **raiia lateral ex by raising my;, 'cvoiy iture tiood oat ol' till- liarge tlieii lie pi-airif wviv made, oint J)uii,y: (Sec paj^'c pt., 187!)). the co.'ifin 30, .•5.— To Sir Alcxiiidcr Call. .l:ttt'tl llili Dec, IS'm. 4. — To tlic l)uU(^ of M.iiiclM'stcr. Vioi^ President I'oval Coioiiial Iiisti- tiiic. dated 14lli Dee. ISSl. .">.— To liohcit (;. \Veb,-,t»!r. K.S(|.. L, L. 15.. dated 14tii Doc, 1S,S1, i. — To tiie same, dat-ed Inns of fJoiirt Hotel, Loiuloii. March 25, 1SS2. '.). — To the same, dated Inns of Coiiri, Hotel, lioudon, Marcii 25, 1SS2. 10.— To the siime, dated Inns of Court Hotel, Loiuloii, March 2!>. iSS2. II.— To S. W. Silver, V.S({., Memherof the Council of the Koyal (Jolonial Institute, London, dated Inns of f^)urt Hotel. March .".1, 1S82. 12 — To S. VV. Silver. Kt^ti. otTice of the "Colonies atid India," S«n (Jourt. Cm Cornhill, Lotulon, dated Inns of (Jouit Hotel. London, March ;U. 18S2. (Mr. Silver is not only a ineniherof the Council of the Koyal Colonial Institute but publisher of their Journals). The letter to the late Archbi.sliop of Canterbury, entitled "An Outcome of tht? Lambeth Confeicnee," foreshadowed in tletail, in duly, 18Sl', the nature of some of tlu* calamities which happened in l)e(;!cjid)er, 188:?, ami during the ])asi winter in Manitoba and the Xorth-West. It is an octavo ])aini)hlet of 118 pages. An annota- teil edition is nearly ready for the press, and may be presented to the public during the ensuing summer, with suHicient verihcation of the very obvious cuiiclusions from the data presented. The correspondence iclating to the "luuigration of the Unem- ployetl," i.s al.so omijodied in an "^^utcome of the bunbeth Con- ference." Some of the, letters enumerated in the foregoing list referred to the contem])lated operations of the Duke of Manchester, Sir dohn Rose and others, in relation to the formation of North-West Terri- tory Land Companies, {>oiiiting out the Frauds and the inevitable ( JuLF if continued. The attention of the Jiev'd Mr. Uridger, of Liverpool, and the IJev'd ^fr. I'anckridge, of London, is i)articidarly directed to a consideration of the opportunities they have possessed for correctly informing themsidves, how they have used those opportunities, of their relation to the ''< 'oi.onixts' Haxdhook," and of the condition of Frost-Mutilatkd Emigrants influenced by them. 32. Institute, Dec.,188t. I; (f ^ 40 CONTENTS. PArtK. Reasons for Publication 'I No. I.^ — Memorandum from Mr. John Lowe, .Secretary to the Department of Agriculture, to Mr. Hind requesting to l)e furnished with copies of letters relating to Manitoba and Korth-West Territory Frauds. Aliio — Extract from print- ed letter addressed by Mr. Hind to the Secretary of State, enumerating prior letters on the same subject and announ- cing additional fraudulent representations and alterations of figures respecting the Winter Climate of Manitoba and the North-West, in documents circulated by the Depart- ment of Agriculture 5 No. II. — Mr. Hind to Mr. Lowe r» No. III. — Mr. Hind to the Chai.man of the Committee on Im- migration and Colonization 7 No. IV. — Mr. Hind to His Excellency the Governor General... 8 No. V. — Mr. Hind tf) the Hon. the Minister of Agriculture.,. 9 No. VI. — Mr. Hind to His Excellency the Governor General respecting the dedication of Professor Macoun's work, en- titled "Manitoba and the Great North-West." IL' Sir Alexander Gait to Mr. Hind 14 No. VII. — Mr. Hind to His Excellency the Governor General. 14 No. VIII. — John Lowe, Esq., Sec. of the Department of Agii- culture, to Mr. Hind l[> No. IX.— Mr. Hind to Mr. Lowe ITf No. X. — Mr. Hind to the Et. Hon. Sir J. A. Macdonald 17 No. XL — The Governor General's Secretary to Mr. Hind li> No. XIL — Mr. Hind to the Governor General's Secretary, enumerating a preliminary Death and Mutilation Eoll of immigrants in Manitoba and the North- W^est during the present winter, and pointing out the cause and the con- sequences 1!) Note on the Red River Eloods 37 Appendix B 3H Ekkata. — On page 3, first line in foot note, for "Among the Dead Sea fruit of cozening the public servants," read **An;ong the Dead Sea fruit of cozening public servants." On page 10, a few typographical enors, easily ecognized, will be seen to have escaped correction. PAOK. ly to tlie Ling to l)e litoba aucl rom print- : of State, d annouu- alteiationn litoba and le Depart- ...... 5 *' 5 ttoc on Ini- 7 I- General... ^ piculture... ^ lor Oeneviil 'b work, cu- Iti '/.*■ 14 lor General. 1 4 - lent of Agi'i- ir> \\\ ir» onald ^' r. Hind li» /s Secretary, ■ILATION UoU est during the and the cou- 11) 37 3H imong the Dead Sea ; the Dead Sea fruit fpographical enors. etion.