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•1«
SOCIETE KOYALE l)U CANADA.
1882.
~^.^ '^"'"'c '^^chives of Nova Scotia
PATRON ET PRESIDENT HONOR>V,RE ''''"'^' "* ^•
cou E.C0110.CU lo Tro. Honurajlo MARQUIS d^RNE, ::.!., r. j.. Oouv.r.ou^ amoral iu Canada
OFFJCIERS POUR LANNEE 1882-83
Okkic;ikrh : • •
de France.. ^-MAUKICh. Meinl.r... de Iu .S.,oi^(^ .los (}o,m ,1.. I.-tiroH
SKCRftTAiRK:_BT.:N.IAMIN SULTK.
MEMBRES FONDATEURS-
«0I8 (L ABHf;) Maakinongj', Qndbec
ItoURASHA, (NAPoi.fcoN), Montreal
u2Z;^a^0N^' P ':5^';*1 f-t^n. OJhder d. HnHtnu.ion PuLIi,,... ,,. Fran... (i„.N.
France. Montni^'-^- ^*'''^''' ^' '^'"'•-- ^>«i'^HT '•« I'lnHtnuai.,.- r„|,Ii,,... j.,
1>kCazk8 (I'aitl), gu«5lMM!.
I^fNN, (OSCAK), guobcc. '
li(.UTrriiiB (i.'Ho». Juce), Detour 4, Lettre,, (J„<i«„
Tanuuav (l/AWiii), Ollnwa.
T»»sfe (JosEi'u), M, I'.. OM«»-n.
.i« I.,rne. pcnnit i la 8ocic^te do .^n.KMJm d '1^^ "" ^''""*' "''*""''' ''"' '''' "''''''"'•^
ETUDES LURS PAR J. M. LkMOINK
/. Section.
Nos AKc™"'™''''. ^'•":^'"^'^!' ^'"""^""' "''-"'^- *-'-"'. ^-1I..„
Lk8 Taceh Sombkks de lHistoire - . ^
Sir Frederick Haldimanu, i Quebec . .".'./."
The last Decade of French Kti.K at Quebec, 1749.
(Oinguante copies).
59
- 1882
188;{
- 1884
1886
- 1888
1888
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SionoN II, 1888.
1 13 J
Teams. Eot. Soo. Canada.
[v.l.vij
U.~~ne La$t Decade of French Huh at Quebec, 1749—1769.
By J. M. LkMoine.
(R«a<l May 26, 1888.)
»WW l"\T* ''^'*''" ^^^^'' ^'^*'''" •" ^*"'^'«° history, may render acceptable the
tnn!n?r ^ ^ P'*' '" Canadian annal«. I am well aware that our his-
NeHrar 'V '.T^' "*'' ''"' T*"^ *° *'« ^'^"'•'"^ -« «^ ^^^^ bourbon regime n
^ It r ' """""'' *" '"'*'«^^ °" ^'^^ «"»>>«*• »»<* t« -q^'^i"* you with the
very text of a curious memoir bearing on those times, adding a few comments Thil
memoir. I have reason to believe, is little known to the English-speaking coZu" ty. tL
being so far no translation into their language. «"uimy. mere
«»,,• l".l^ y««^ 1888. a committee of the Literary and Historical Society, of Quebec of
the orooir^^^^^ KvT ^- 1"^'^"' ""^ ^'^^ '^'*''"« «P"'*' -««^ "P- ihe associ tion
.member of the committee by an influential person in Montreal, who received it from Gen
^enTl'so eZ'a" Z ^'^ "^'"T* "™'"'^"'^*"* '" *^^^ ^'^^ = ^^^ seems to have
been also extant a second copy, m the possession of the Hon. Thos. Dunn, a hi-rh official
L^H \ f"" "'"' '' '^"^ communicated this document to the 5on Wm
QTewTn 181? ^'"''*" ''°" '' '" ^" " "^'"'''^ °' ^'^•^^*'" P«^>'«»»-1 •»»
the h^^ ^^"'f' presents a paphic. dark but vivacious portraiture of the dealings of
the high officials, during the last years of French power. It is quite in accord with the
record drawn up by the general historian, only it is much more circumlnUal
in Jai "" r 71 ^''''\^''' ""^ °®'"^ ^•"««^^' *^™'"«d behind the scenes, but ready
o handle without gloves the accomplished villains, who dishonored France ani oppressed
the colony. Canada, deserted and betrayed, seems to have been ripe for a change of rut
On perusing this memoir, one can easily understand why the oppressed and neglected
:!rm^:sredt:^ "^"^^^ ''- -^^ -'''-- -'' '- ^~ - - - ^^ ^^ -
the ::::'a;:Tf z^^t^t""' '' *'" ^^^^^-^ ^^^' - -"'^"^^^ ^^^-^«^ ^^
__Ptepai ^ the downfall of French po werjn New France. Selfi shness, luat. and
AnZ'TS:^i.tL^i:^l^' ':TZoS'^ ^ "iTt^""^' '- «™"' «* --- »« Gouvemen.e„t
depul, 1749 ju.au'» ItJo entTSr. ?J:l°rl.'!?'2'_!';;!f ^ "."'!" ">.«""« " ^--^ - •« C^n^i-
Litton, et Hlatorique Ue Qu.beJen ISSs! B.:i.pri.Vp:,;,;;:rS;rT5idT;iT^^ ""''•*
i
14
LiMOINE ON THE LAST
i-die., With J...;:rt,ii!;'z r^ 1"™"*" '" •^™"»'' '» ">• "«' ."o w«.
thy hMulete, will yei h„ j„, „1 ° °\° ""'= l^'y "'««'•. thy .qn.re,, th, PJ.CM
o« earth, . p„„„, ;h„ ,.„ Sd r^m^hT^' T, r'"" """"' ' ™o« i. ye,, L„e„T
«" " •^""««- -"-your oM tirs^!:: b"^;1""" "•" «■" ''"^•°'«' ■°"' y°» -y ro'
vioj., luxury, „„bHdied .i.oi wet :™p::u;t.u:''': °: '° ■"■"•"' ««•" '-"'"•
higher clergy ; „pe„ pr„fli ,j .^J 0„r P'""'"8r«<« «l«"«., the noble, .nd
from France; ,he l„..„r c. J„" h ttir ril '"•'";«',''-•' '"•«!»-" and her offloUI.
The French Sultan, U,i,XV,Jl,„J^"Jr,r °' """• ™" «""» «P«».ive.
•».ile.ofUP„„p^„„ Quebec ,„„!!^,J '", '^:""""' '"' ™""-'«'. "« through ^^
b.nk. of the St. C6.rle.. GUded ;7ce' Z,^ f' °>i»i«t»re French court, on the grT
Prey«i on .he vital, of the p^lo. . 1" t, '' "".V'""','"''" ■"'""« ^ ''""" f'^"
.elfl.hne.., rapine, everywhere, exc*pZ~ ''/'"':'"■ I'"" «> •' Q»»b«c L«.t,
Tach«, de Lery, de St. Our., and a few o^her" if„!! *""'"!' '''' '" ^'•"' *« Bo-«eu.
-.;..:r,L;ir::i2:7 -- ^ ron.pad.ur.. ..,, p_, ^igo..
h.do:"p;::,,hThXrpLmr"?intnr„:' "■," '"'■ ""'•"■P-.o coming .. Oan.d..
inveterate gambler. Had ho confined hi. oC»H f""'*' "'* ''«"■>«. «■"» ««
I™'"?".?"'" "«- «-t,d but IU,lcel™^7""""''"°"~«"!?. hi. commercial
offlco, and q„„e i„,nmcie„t to meet the ZondUn^ h^ "'",'"' '° "" ™PO'f»oe of hi'
n^ulation, hi, venality, ,he extortion. p'^UceTot''''' °"'"' '"" •'™ '°'°- »
or thr^ori^giur^t; rfcr.^r r-""':- -^^^^
t««urer.goneral, Imbert. P«an wfu, the ^ef anl awTr""'"' ^"'^" P«*» ■ »' the
m the charm, of hi. wife, M«lame P6.n !* In^v . ' ^'"''" '"<" 't court lay
P"tty, witty, attractive, of re^y rl^^itTl"^'"' ''» "''»'«'• "ho wa, yonVhW
w» «.ti.,,y ^ed by her during T^^, T.i^Z'^MI.lV '^»"" ^^
DECADE OP PRKNOH RULB.
le
street, he upont hi. evouings ; there he wa« sought and found, in May, 1769. by Colonel
de Bougainville, returning from Paris, the boarer of the official diaputohe., announcing the
impending ntruggle.
Here are some of the pen photographs whirh the clever writer of the memoirs has
left-disclosing the corrupt surroundings of the luxurious intendant : '—
''Brassard Deschenaux, the son of a poor cobbler, was lK)rn at Quebec. A notary
who boarded with Deschenaux senior, had taught his «>n to read. Naturally quick and
intelligent, young Deschenaux made rapid progress under his tuition and had soon some-
thing to do in the office of Intendant Hocquart, where Bigot found him and succeeded in
having him named a clerk in the Colonial Office at Quebec. Industrious, but at heart a
sycophant, by dint of cringing he won the good graces of Bigot, who soon put unlimited
trust in him to such a degree that he attempted nothing without Dcschenaux's aid. But
Demhenaux was vain, aspiring, haughty, overbearing, and of such inordinate greed that
he was in the habit of boasting ' that to get riches he would even rob a chur. h.'
"Cadet was the son of a butcher. In his youth he was employed in minding the
cattle of a peasant. He next set up as a butcher and made money. His savings he
invested m trade ; his intriguing spirit had brought him to the notice of the intendant,
who awardi'd him contracts to supply meat to the army. Deschenaux was not long in
discovering that Cadet would be useful to him. He made a friend of him and lost no
opportunity of recommending him to the intendant. He was accordingly often employed
to buy the supplies for the maintenance of the army. In truth there were few men more
active, more industrious, more competent to drive a bargain. The King required his
•services and requited them by having Cadet named commissary-general. Cadet had his
redeeming points : he was open-handed in his dealings, kindly in manner and lavish to
excess in expenditure."
The worthy commissary-general, like Vf \ was blessed with a charming wife, whom
Panet's Siege Diary styles Lu Belle Amazont Aventuri^e. Probably, like her worthy
spouse, of low extraction; "elle n'6tant pas sortie de la cuisse de Jupiter," to use a
familiar French saw.
Madame Cadet, later on. transferred her allegiance from the rich butcher Cadet to
one "Sieur Joseph Ruffio." Hugh P6au. a Canadian by birth, had succeeded his father
Capt. Hughes P6an, town-major of Quebec. Totally unfit for the post, he had been re-
Old memoin Aimmh carious details of the fiittings of the great intendant between Quebec and Montreal.
The parliamenUry library in this city (Ottawa) contains a lengthy and interesting MS. account, written by a
French official of the day, M. Franquet, inspector of fortifications in New France, in 1762. Franquet came here
charged with an important mission. He was just the man whom Bigot thought should be dined and wine,!
properly. Thus we find the royal inspector invite.1 to join the intendant on a voyage to Montreal. The govern-
ment "Gondola," a long, flat bateau, propelled by sails as well as by oar^ accordingly left the Cul de &m! landing
at Quebec, on July 24th. 1762. Itcou.d carry eight hundre<l pounds burden, with a crew of fourteen oarsmen.
Amidships there was a spare about six feet sfjuare, incloee<l by curtains and "with seats with blue cushions"
says the memoir; a dais overhead protected the inmates from the rays of a July sun, and from rain. Choiro
wiuM, spirits, pasties-even ready cash-overything conducive to human sustenance or pleasure was abundantly
provided. History tells us there was nothing ascetic about the gay bachelor Bigot I^ics of rank, wit and
beauty felt it an honor to join bis brilliant court, where they met gay Lotharioe-voung officera of the regiments
BUtkmed at Quebec^ There were seato for the fair ones in the government gondola. M. Franquet made the most
^ the VUJ-3SC, cajo^od hiuwoif »aii«iiigiy, »uu desiri'Des some merry episodes and junketings which occurred at
Three Rivon and other trysting places, in excellent keeping with the daily routine of the magnificent intendant
16
hmUome OS THK LABC
m>'nmoml,.d to the OovKmrnenl i,„ tk •.
7 "■" Oov-rnmon; ; h,. ««, ,harired «i!^T ■ "" 'I"""'"'' "^ "'"■»' «■•« required
""'"■"..j.-r. now w„. hi. ro^ZthTh,. r°* " '■'""" ''y • '•">'' "' .tore T tt
'•>»« -nm out of the lr,.»,„ry to buv ,h J"/"™''' *"'"'. h" provided IVn,, „" h .
h.n th.. .. „bi„i p,.„ ^,^ p;™,"^^""™-"- <.....g the price „f g,.,, „„,h ^J^
" "■" '"'« "'-d by the orJ,„l„ TuilZr '°r-""J°' '•'■"g-l it to the Oovernmen
rr '"^"' "« ""t tried hi,T.;,i » h .n r ° '^'"""" "•" '»° ™te. left hi,„ . h" M
'o Wp co,....»tly i„ .■o,„„,..i„„ t , " ' o'"* "°"""'* ""■"• "">i.l. he could 1^
■l.v,„,, however, were re.orted to a . 'it „.'""",:" ' "■"' ""° «»' '"''"tive. "h^
w to p„rch«,e „he„t in the Z.h u "^ "' '^'"°' 'to'okeep.T at Quebee (Z,
'o be «n. .bro«i .e-retlyC,;' ha'dV' '""""' " * ■"'" ->« '"•' '™od ,h. ^
£^^r:4Sri:r^SS^^F—
ret«l b«,,„e., „„ ,,„j,4 „^ 'J- ""■■g« of th,. eaUbliahmeu,, where a ,mM
■nprov«iona aud ooucentrate it the e Cl.t ^'°' ""*'' ■»°»«Poli.e the Me
«au ed aunually, „„d ordered from FroT fot Ibe i ? '"°™'°"" "^ ™Ppliesa.„„e
Ilwa.cu,tomaryforthei„te„d«,Tr„V J"* '"'''"' '^»"'««-
P.™. Bigot took care to order "Xu" 1 1'""' T""' '''>"''''■"" f" «PpHe. to
1..V-0 an excuse to order the remai„rer°lr""''''"' "'"'' ""' "«"t«d. T^ Z
7' '0 Clavery. warehou.e, wh™ the . I™ :"""'' "' '>'"^- The o deTsl e
™to.. Soon the P^ple »„ thro„;h he deeeit'^d'.r" ""''' """«"■■.»' i«orerd
m eonaequence, £« J.^,. (the uhea.L, T'' f 'J:' ''•>°'i'»fy of fraud waa ealllT
Quebec for food .upp.ie.,au<re;ed a. „Ci^ri."r'""'' "">''«'' I""'"' off tC^'
ofB,g„f,ring, trade at that date wmvI, ! T ''""' ""> ''™«'»>» Proceeding
~ r^'-.'X-- >- -«= -:.»r ffr:,- sr «
.urrendert' trEnJiiX he a'etStrOu'r"'r "'"""''«' " P"' R°H. On it.
'" ™'>'°^- He had a brother ^ r. ^:'^:T-"^ "n. to .ell'
"5" "« innaeuce he and
^*»-.«*»M<*Wi
i'tii wii i mii i i
DECADE OF KRKNCII KUUfi. 17
three other of hi, brother, found prot.L.r,. who pushed them on beyond their mont
sanguine hopeN.
Varin .u.d Mart.I. by monopoli.iuj^ the oulli.H o| the trader, and of their can,..,, with
the .«,».,tan.e oi the Fn,H,nne, brought .onuuerce at Montreal to I.h hnvent ebb. and rained
a storm ol indignation
worth e«, eerk. previously expeUed from neveral menaniile houH.. for hi, roguerL but
wi hal. intelligent and a good bu«ine.« man. Corpn.n having a nhare in ("adefH venU.re.
had beeome bin .onHdential ag.nt. IIi„ ....ehing eye pri'd the Hrst into the C
returuH and publie ae.ount, of expenditur.. furnished to the Co.n.nisHury General. None
knew what hi. partieular nhare of .h. Hpoil» n.i.ht be. but ere long h' wa« reputed o
be enormously wealthy. The .-barge of Montreal and of th- more distant post weL
entrusted to I'enisseault and Maurin.
" Penisseault was preeminent for out-d.K.r duty ; sucessful in . ondu.ting ne^otia-
tions and in overseeing publie works; ever watehful. but tre.-herous an<l do J,| Th s
dealings. It was reported that he had been eompelled to leave Franee on accou t of
business transa.-tions. He had married cjuite a handsome wife, the daugh of a
on": [rrnirtp ■ ''' ''-7: '""" '"''''''-' '"^ *^^' »-t'chevalier'deLvis
on returning to L ranee, earned her off with him." The Canadian Aspasia is likely to
reappear hereafter, in Paris, as a sue,.ssful suppliant for favours from Duke de Choiseul
^lal • ti r ^1" ^"'i''''"""' '•' '-'''' '''"'' '^ '^"^•^ ^'--^^ *»^« ^-<^«' r^^
Cl It? , '"* ^''''^"'■*' ""^ ^^' '•«^«'"«*«' '^'''^ ^i^'-« i»«l«'led. The memoirs
" t . H^t'^^"?' T ''Y'^\.^^'^'^^ -'^V. pretty but frail Madame Penisseault. thouTh
It alienated her from her luentious spouse, failed to ,ause a rupture between them.
.^^hir^fra d "^ '^"'' ^'"'?' "' '"""•"'^' '"■"""• ^^ ^'^---^ -* ^^^ drains, or
!«baUern^' '"^ '^' ^"'''^ »'*"^^^^ ^*"^ ^^ *^« ^^^'^ °f his
«ifK„^* T '^ ■ this mosaic of public plunderers, debauchees and demireps which France
hunchrl V ;' " ,'^""^''^' "'^' '''" »"" P^°*«'^-P'^ ^"--h'^d of the hideou
n^lr^r Tl. iH"", ^r. ^""^ ""'^^^ "°* '^'' '"^"'«^'*^>« «*'^*« «f things have lasted
under the Bourbons ? Madame de Pompadour, who ruled at Versailles, und^r the name of
I^u.s XV. was. unquestionably, well represented at Quebec. Here is what the memoir
«ay of this notable member of the ring :— memoirs
«ini«lf '""'' ""^ '^'^T ^"'""'"'^ ™"" '" '^' ^^'"'^J^: he was a hunchback, with a
Z w t3"" " ^: "' ^r"' " '" "'°'^ '^P^'*"^^'"*' »^"* -^-« had imparted to
him wit and even culture. He carried expenditure, in Canada, to its extreme limit
and as to hoarding money. Cadet could not have selected two more successful men Zi
Maurin [and Corpron] uniting craftiness to vexatious means. Never >vas Therein th
m^LT '.T f " .'"^ '''™^^' '^^^"^"^ '''^^'''' ^""^"'"^ hy profuse expenditure-re-
maining defiant and unpunished." iiure— re
It seems incredible to realise the horde of low-born parasites and hirelings sarround-
ZlTprn '^"""'"^'^•^^"^'^^"^ women paying court to the reigning favourite.
Sec. II, 1888. &
I
It
LillOINK ON TnR LAW
"'■■ inl «nUh,.,. „rg„.a „"1 ,, ' "'""'"'"""'"1 '"kI'.t r....- ; ih.l
<.yinr":r::.:r"i;;,r:i"::i;:;:-.i' ".';",V7»'--' - p-™. ..... ,,„pu. r™
.h«., «v„ „..„,..„,y. «„,„„ „ '. t ,1^1 7';" "'-■—;")■■ «,.propri.,i„g „„„ X,,
.»dh.d thorn ,„,„i„„„d by h ™;, ,t , r".^" '";"■'">■• ""• •"■•■r o„ ,h„ «..,..h.
'W...,n.d.<,hav,.tho„,.„.°r„';„77o ''? "'•"•■'"■"»"• ™h" '"""•''™. .h™ and
•»t. Bigot wa. af.,.,„ard. ad ".^d „ .i, ""I'" I""'""""* '° '"""''" •""" ""> '"'."d.
•>.ey w... «, ™altr....ed and bult. ,h' ' h': w; h"'''" "'7,"l"»-"'-' '>'•- »!■„,
«««p-db..i„g ,hr„„.„ j„,„ ,,ri,„„' s ',,,,-<• "'''' """* ""' ""'>'''""'
.™rcer every day. The inte dZ hfd '," ''"' '° """'"'""■ """'I "" K^'.^ft
day. Hied; .he loavea were .rrLdM .. T . ., ■"'°''''' "'"^'''■^ "" '"''"i"' o„ the
Pl.i.ed that theycouu ot", ,!.:'"'''""'' ""•""•^""^ ".other, of fa,„i|i™ ..„ J
p.i.™,»ith)o»dw„..ro„.' ,:L„r7r"r°":"' ''■"'-«'"' "■" '""-"•■" '■■ <•«
who Mired gorged with luxar ou. Ihi ' tV ' '"'"'"'"■'"'> ''^ ' '"«d of fla,.,.rer.,
poor could die of hunger. "' ""' ■""'»''«"' ™»ld «ol underatand how the
I-ui.;.ed«.o„.,y,p:trr„:;,tw:teh.4ovX'cI;rf f'""""""' ''^ '"« «-'
depth of de.pair, .hall we .av, degrada.bn ■ art^h! tj T ""'' ^'°'"'"»"' "> "l"'
l..ve you then „o mor.. defe.^de« to pm Uh ^ '" ^"""^ "^ ""? °f Q""!"-,
tion ? Ha, the,, that d.untle» JZr! , ? . ' '" ''"" '""""^<' *•"'" "' «oe and deaer-
de Eouville, d,. B^caneo,^" d^ I^n igny taT T'T '"" ""•""""• «" ™- ■
The limit of „y addr.,, forbM. r^;hZC7he"h 7" '^ '""^ '"^ '°""«"°'» '
when the roll of mufHed dram, and voiLltZ v^ he«rtrend„,g .cene in our city,
le^ier, Montcalm, had j«.trturtdtro»„rs'T ''""a ?""/'"' '^^^^^
■Wckea auto death. "*'' ®'- ^'"' »«'" '">"■ hi. laat campaign,
Madame P^an had whom she choo,. «nnni„7 i .T^' ^^"^ «*">»««'" to their advancement," ,av the M«JJ!
PW
WWWWPi'WJ
DKCADK OF FIIKNCII KITLE. |q
Two .kilful norelist.. our ro\h,^,,, ,he on« In th« English Ittngua^.., Wm. Kirby
graphic h.-ton..«l romunn. out of .h« .natoriab whi.h th. .aroor of Int.ndan. HIgot. anS
Ono llaHh of M„.Hh.„« l.ghtH up th. lat-.t pha«. of Fron.-h rule the sturdy d.vo, ion
of th. ( unachan m.i.tia towanln i.n oblivioun mother oounlry ; thoir f.atH at th« IkJu ort
ongag.„..„tH. on July .,«». .7.9, n.,r «,H«i„... a. anxilLri... alt.r th .a t of h
Man. oi A..rah.un and at I.vi'. vutory at Sto. Foy.. ou April .8th. 1760. a day glo Hon
to French arni8, hut a bootloHM victory. ' g'oriouH
You have Jnst wit„..««..d the fall o| the curtain over the l.u.t Hccne of the great
Wench drama, a pageant on.e ko gorgeouH at Qnehcc-now. alaa ! very «orr. wAl lit
«- for a .nomcnt. dwell ..„ the ntern Justice visited by oblivious Fran. e. on tlead "^
a.^orB a. the re.ent ^renen of public plunder, rapine, lunt'-some Hay-treason perpetrate
fifty-live of them had been indi.ted. treason, p. rpetrated ,
On December 10th. 1708. u Koyal commiBsion of twenty.«even judges at the Chatelet
n rar,H. pre^ded over by M. de ««rtineH. lieutenant-general of policrd; il ^ th t^^^
oTd^;:; ■ ^^:H^^*^^^'°^" v^^'' :" •"- ^^'"""^•"'•••"- ^- '- "^'-" -nt^ha J
lo. Kea up in the Uastille awaiting their trial :—
c,„„.-K,.. ,™„. ,.„,.,„„„; , ^ .i,,.'™:., «;ri-,:i I'Zi '- ■"" •*»•- ^ ■» "«■■*'■
ri.»M.Ai,T.-Nli„ ,„.„■ exile ; too h.r,.. 1|„,, .„J „„,„,„ ,„ ,, „„,„,,„,
««ii«i».-Nlni.)e.™'«,l|„; liOlll,m.,l„»,.,wl(im,0(loi„l,onmn,l,Kl
^""''•~^'"°" ^'° '" «'"°""'««H^I'^.„.„„ „ ,.W.toth.,,o.,, .„d ,n«,«00 ■„ L. „,„„J,,
«.lve«tl,e comment of the colony, am! which renulte,! „ t..„ ^ "'• I'"rt»o«« of mono,M,li^i„g to them-
entries were ™a.le«„alive to eoL....,i,ie ;„7lelaria our^l'eTT ° '"""-^ble frauds; that false
price, and quantities were ovematod so as to rL^rT ."" ^"'K'"'"vice. in which the
that on one occasion the cargo of ." ca .tLT VmITT' T"/? "'"^ ''■""™'-"^' '" "'« ''ansactions ;
for ei,ht hund^ thousand In.; :d,^. £t Z l^oTim 7" ''"""'^' "" "" '^"'«'' -«-»"»
confederates had reah^,l pro.l.s a.nountingt^ twef ni 1 In f" V "' " '"""^ °' ''" '"''^ ''«« "'«
purchase of provisions and eMuipine'^tim Bi.ot anr.l a "^^^ r'"^'!' '"---t-"" concerning the
Kigantic frauds, bribed tiK,co„,LLla„,s, J n^ilSs audi arir'' '7' " "? '^"''"" "' ^^^'^"''^ "'«"
the pretext of provisioning the different f^rti 3 sTatiorof ZtT . "^ "' ""* "^^""'' '"'^^ ' "-»■ ""«!«'
supplies which were fl.^ti.ious. existing only o .a^^^aVatl^J^^^^^^^^^^^^ T'^'' '"' the transport of
nece«,aries tlm King was charged for ration^.ndZiseul« I. •? •'" """'*" *«'« '^"»>°"t
cargoes of merchandise, imported at the cxl e o 7" K L w«« n'r "«^«'' '"™'"'«'» ^o the troops; that
at a fourfold price ; that .S^. the King warri^'.^C^^^^^^^ "'^" "^'^ ^ '»>« ^'»«
two or th«« times over, the soldiers and militia were sufforina frL w!^„„ , r . \ '^^''"''"* °' ""^P"*
those necewarios which had been provided by the KTn/for Zr . T. . .f r **^ *** ''"^ "* "'«'' <""» «»»
well as several officers being in lej^ue to defl tit "^i ; ^Z:^t^l:TT' n" ''^ ?'"''''"**«'' -
even raise their voices against the adminiatr.iinn „„ f / . ^"'®*^ Muld not obUinjusti.* or
.har^s in the contracts for sup li; t ITb gtt cZd 1 si o7 T "'?'""" ^'"^ ^'"'''^' ^ •^"^ -^
very low prices to his agents Lord;rtrp^rbvTes^^^^^^^^ ''"'«'« "«»»"♦'*<' »« °"«le at
and that finally Bigot a„d his subordina^te. lu: 'rrl''!^!:.!'* '" ^»"' ."^^'-'^ -^ "^ •^-^"e.-;
conc«»i iheirfraudnient practices, falsifying everything reIaUnff"to .hTlM^ T'"''' acciaralious and entries to
nature, object „,d amounts." MiWs History of CanJa, FrcVCmeTsio"'""'" ' '""^"^ ^'*''' """'
BH-.
20
Lbmoine on the last decade of fkench rule.
Ohoi,r Zi. XV'. I „M ""X^"^""' f"'"-™"!' '"cooeded, through the Duke of
funded.
re paid.
Duke of
missiou
madiau