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Maps, piatas, charts, ate, may ba filmad at diffarant raduction ratioa. Thoaa too iarga to ba antiraly includad in ona axpoaura ara filmad baginning in tha uppar iaft hand cornar, laft to right and top to bottom, aa many framaa aa raquirad. Tha following diagrama illuatrata tha mathod: Laa cartaa, planchas, tablaaux. ate, pauvant Atra filmAa A daa taux da rAduction diff Arants. Lorsqua la documant aat trop grand pour Atra raproduit an un aaul clichA, il aat filmA A partir da I'angia aupAriaur gaucha, da gaucha A droita. at da haut an baa, an pranant la nombra d'imagaa nAcassaira. Laa diagrammaa suivants illuatrant la mAthoda. 1 2 3 32X . : t ^ ■■ ' 1 ' S 4 5 6 \f \'i THE GUIDE: A MANUAL The Canadian Militia, ( INFANTRY) KMBKAClNc: ^^^ THE INTERIOR ECONOMY!'^^^^ P^ DUT'ES, DISCIPLINF, DRESS, BOOKS AND CORRF.SHON- DENCE OF A BATlAl.ION IN BARRACKS OR CAMP, WITH BUGLE CALLS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR ^^SW^^Z^. "^^ PITCHING TENTS, ETC., ^gl^S^J'.- W**?' V FOURTH EDITION bMyibldM^'^^^^ COMPILED BY LIEUT.-COL. W. I), or ._ ^!:j Si£.w»ri«<«v u Rotfat Regiment Canadian Cmnmandant Royal School oj Infantry, Toronto; Deputy- Adjutant-deneral M. I). No. i ; And late Coiiinmii'llnc the QiieeirH Own KIUch of (\iiiMla. f •TORONTO: THE COI'P, CLARK CO., Ltd., 9 FRONT STREET WESI. 1894. JM2 5 391243 EXTRACT FROM MILITIA GENERAL ORDERS. Ofneral Orders (7) Head Quarters, Ottawa, 8th April, 1881. MILITARY HOOK. The Major-General commanding, recommends to the notice oC Officers Commanding Battalions and Corps, a book recently published by Lieut. -Col. Otter, Queen's Own Rifles, Toronto, entitled " The Guide," a Manual of Interior Economy, etc. By Command, (Signed) WALKER POWELL, Colonel, Adjutant- GetieraL ' > ■■-'IW; I'UKKACK TO KlUSr El)l i'KJN. a' In submitting " The (iuide " U) the kiml ponsideiatinn of the Canadian Militia, I am led to ho{>e that it may, to a certain extent, HU the place of that excellent Manual of Interior Economy, by Major F. E. Dixon, now out of print. I have endeavoured to put i|| a concise and handy form such information as will, I thinic, be generally useful in the working of a Battalion, not only in Barracks or camp, but also during the ordinary drills at Head Quarters. F'or the latter purpose it may be said that very little knowledge or method is needed, but I hold the contrary opinion, and consider that the same discipline, regularity and order are required at home as on service ; and moreover, that the best time to acquire and practise soldierly habits is, when quietly parading for weekly drills. I do not, of course, suppose that opportunities will offer on these occasions for the practice of every detail here provided for, but a vast deal can be done towards increasing the efficiency of the Militia by a rigid adherence to the system and principles advocated. "The Guide" has been compiled from the following authorities, viz. , Queen's Regulations, Army Act, Militia Regulations and Orders, Lord Wolseley's Soldiers' Pocket Book, Colonel Anderson's Manual of Military Usages, the Standing Orders of Her Majesty's 16th, 17th, 60th, 97th Regiments of Foot and the Rifle Brigade, to which I have added my own experience in the Active Militia of Canada, in the positions of Adjutant and Commanding Officer. September, 1880. TABLE OF CONTENTS. «« ■\ TART I.— Intkrior KcoNoMY. > ' Section I. — Private Soldiers. II. — Non-comnii8«i<»ne«l Officers. III.— OfficerH. IV.— llef^imental Organization, Enrolment, Dihoharge, Tay, Bands, I'ioneers, Barracks, Orders, Hospital, (Officers' Mess, Sergeants' Mess, Company Messes, lUginiental Institute, ( 'hoice of Quarters, Leave, I'asses, Servants. I'ART II.— DUTIE.S. Skction I. — Roster of Duties. II.— Daily Routine of Duties. III.— Guards, Sentries, Escorts, Picquets and Police. IV. -Orderly Duties, Officers, N on. -Com. Officers and Men. V. — Drills and I'armles, Formation (»f Drill, Guard, l'ic(iuet, TattiM), Ration, Sick, Muster, Orderly Rot n». and Kit Inspection Parades, I i ussing Parades, etc. «< (< PART III.- Section Discipline. I.— Courts Martial, Courts of Inquiry and Boards. II. — Powers of a Commanding Officer. III. — Prisoners. IV. — Provost Regulations. V. — Complaints. VI. — Defaulters, CONTENTS. PART IV.— Drkhh. */ Section I.— OfficerH. " II. — Nou-Coiiiiiii8Hione()k8. '* III. — Iixlividual Hooks. *• IV. — Correspoiulunce. PART VI. — Marcheh and Encampment. , Sk(T10N I. Marches, Bivouac, Baggags, Transport. " II. — Encampment, PitchiiigTents, Kitchens, Water, Ijatrines. • PART VII.— Forms. '' PART VIII.— Bu(}LK Cali-s. \' ,iH<^iS*f -■*,.eiiig her first line of defence, ( 'anada has to depend upon it for the suppression of all internal disorders, and, in case of sudden invasion or war, must look, for a time at •least, to that force alone for protection. Under these circumstances the Militiaman, whatever may be his motives for enrolling, whether they be founy voluntary enlistment ia tu make it popular, not only in thu ephemeral sense that {M5ople will cheer it when parading the streets on itn re- turn from a successful cam[iaign, nor in that sense, that the ordinary toasts at public hamjuets shall he received with cheers, hut in the oidy sense in which it can be uf any practical value by inducing young men to surrender their liberty for a consitlenible portion of their lives, to enter its ranks, submit to its discipline, and endure its hardships, for the htmor and safety of their country." Obedience is the first duty of a soldier, and should be rendered unhesitatingly ; orders should not be questioned, nor the advisaiiility of instant compliance with them be made a subject for discussion. The action of obedience should be mechanical in the (juickness with which it fol- lows the order received, although in carrying it out the soldier can prove, that he is something more than a mere machine by the intelligence he displays in executing it. Soldiers should be obedient and respectful to all Officers aijd Noi>-commisaioucd. Officers, attentive to their drill, / NON-CiiMMlHHIONKI) OKKirKKH. Hilciit, when ill tht* rniikti, rlt-an in tlwir pornonM nntl oare* ftil to keep thvir arms nncctfully in any way of an Officer or Non-coinniiHHioniMl (Mlircr, nor nhotilit he ever reply when in rankH if cheeked for neglect or irre^uhirity. Mix thinking hinmelf ai/grieved will l>y no nieanH exeuHc tliMoheWimce or tlinreHpeet, hut Iuh com- plaint, if made afterwanln in a regular and rcHpectful manner, will he attended to. (nee "(yomplaintH," page ITiK). (yurxing and awearing and the use of hlasphemouH and indecent language Hhould never he indulged in. None hut the most depraved minds can lind pleiusure in the use of hrutal e\pre88ion8. .. Drunkenness is a mo.st serious crime and renders a soldier unlit to he trusted. Those hearing such a character shouM he deharred from all indulgences, and receive severe puuishmeut. SECTION II. i NON-COMMISSIONKI) OKKK'KUS. The accurate execution of the greater part of the duties of a Battalion, is in a great meiisure de})endent ujxtn the alertness anility. He requires to be a good drill, able to write orders distinctly, and make out all returns and states correctly. Non-commissioned Officers shouhl consider themselves upon duty at all times when in uniform, and maintain a constant supervision over the men, particularly of their own companies and sections ; they should assist the recruits, tell them the best men to associate with, and prompt, by their influence and example, the steady men and old sol- diers to treat the recruits kindly, jet forth to them the consequences of misbehaviour, teach them military habits, punctuality at all parades and duties, and the necessity of obedience to orders, and impress on their minds the maxim, that, right or wrong, soldiers should first obey, and if aggrieved complain afterwards. , A Non-conmiissioned Officer should never under any circumstances, speak to or argue with a soldier under the influence of liquor, but at once take steps to have him confined. A Non-commissioned Officer should never permit, even in joke, indecent or blasphemous language to be used in his presence by any soldier, much less oflFend in this respect himself : he should endeavour to preserve good order and correct behaviour among the men at all times. Non-commissioned Officers should not connive at or conceal irregularities. Non-commissioned Officers should not refuse to take a soldier before an Officer when asked, unless the Non-com- missioned Officer is on duty, or the soldier is guilty of some offence for which he .should be confined. Promotion should depend entirelv upon merit, and al- ll If i NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 11 though length of service may give claim for consideration, it should give no claim whatever for cadvanoemcnt to posi- tions, for which the individuals are not otherwise (|ualitied. Such men, therefore, as render themselves most conspicu- ous by their zeal and aV»ility, should always Imj prouutted in preference to those who, although of older standing, do not display an eijual degree of merit ; seniority slumld only Xw considered where other qu.ililications are apparent. The moment Non-commissioned (Jtticers become careless and negligent in the discharge of their duty, however irre- proachable their characters may be in other respects, they become unworthy of their rank and an injury to their corps. Non-commissioned Officers should never be employed personally on any duty of fatigue, nor be seen holding or leading ahorse, carrying a bundle, basket, &c., nor appear in any position beneath the dignity of their rank. Frequent catechetical examinations of the Non-com- mi88iorr\iininer, Sergeant l*ii)er, Ser- geatlt lingler, etc., are apinniUmentx. .^ When additional Non-coniniissitmed Officers are required t«» ansist in the discharge of company duty, Corporals may Ix; ttppointed to act as Sergeants, and private soldiers as (yorporals, these are termed I^nce Sergeants and Lance C'orporals respectively. '' A Non-commissioned ( Kficer or Private, on receiving an appointment, will, tiiereupou he vested with the rank at- tached to that appointment, and this rank will be his i>er- manent graointnient ; in the case of Drill Sergeant, Sergeant Instructor, iSergeant Bugler, etc., it is that of Sergeant. A soldier may he removed from his appointment by order of his ('ommanding Officer, and will, in that case, revert to his permanent grade, remaining as a supernumer- ary in that rank until absorbed into the first vacancy, always providing that if his grade is higher than a Cor- poral lie is (lualiHed to perform the duties of the rank, if not, he should be reduced by authority obtained from the General Officer commanding the Militia. A Non-commissioned Officer reduced to a lower grade will take rank and precedence in the lower grade from the the Secretary of State for War. In the Infantry, the Ser^feant Major, Bandmaster, are Warrant Ottioers, also the Schoolmaster after 12 years 8er\ice in that capacity, but as this rank does not exist in our Militia, the Serj^eant Major remains with us a Non-commissioHed Officer, and the Bandmaster nmy bo a civilian, entrusted with the instruction of the Band and permission to wear a sjtecial uniform, without rank or connnand, or a retfularly enrolled Non-commissioned Officer. ■ > f NON-COMMISSIOKKI) OFFirKUs. 13 iliite of the Higiiiiig of tlir original seiitfiice of tlie Court Martial, or, in oiiwe of rt,'«lucti«»n, l»y order <»f the (ienerul Urticer coiniiiaiiiling the Militia from the date of Huch order. An acting Non-conuui«8ioned Ofiicei^ of whatever rank can be ordered by his Conmianding Officer to revert to his permanent grade. The permanent grade of a l^ance Ser- geant is Corporal, that of a Ijiince (Corporal is Private. Non-commissioned Officers may, with the consent of their Commanding Officer resign their rank ami revert to the rank and position they formerly hehl, but they are not allowed to do so in order to escape trial by ('ourt Martial, without the special sanction of the General Officer commanding the Militia. Non-commissioned OtKcers take seniority with one an- other as under, those bracketed together according to date of promotion or appointment : those to whose titles an asterisk is preHxeii are not entitled to assume any com- mand on paratle or duty except over such Non-commis- sioned Officers or men as may be specially placed under their orders. In matters of discipline, however, they will at all times exercise the full authority attached to their ranks. 1. Sergeant Major. 2. Quarter- M.'i-ster Sergeant. 3. ^Colour Sergeant. , Jospital Sergeant. ISergeant Instructor of Musketry. Sergeant. * f^iymaster Sergeant. * Orderly 15oom Sergt ant. Sergeant l)ru miner. ' Sergeant Kifer. ' I Sergeant Piper. I Sergeant Hugler. -^ 4hm 14 INTERIOR KCONOMY. S. .: ^\ |Hr 11(1 1* Pioneer Sergeant. * Canteen Sergeant. Sergeant of the liand. ^Provost Sergeant. > 5. I^nce Sergeant. • 6. Corporal. , 7. Lance Corporal. Paymaster and Orderly Room Sergeants in the Imperial Army, after a certain number of years' service in those appointments, obtain increased pay, with rank of Colour Sergeant and also Quarter- Master Sergeant. A Colour or Quarter-Master Sergeant, if appointed to either of these positions, does not lose his rank, but remains classed among those holding the rank. HKROEANT MAJOR. The Sergeant Major takes precedence of all other Non- commissioned l)fticer8. His position being one of the greatest responsibility and importance he should be treated with every possible respect, and never be addressed by the Non-commissioned Ofiicers and privates without the appel- lation of "Sir." When Non-commissioned Otficers or pri- vates are speaking to him, they should stand at attention. He is the assistant to the Adjutant, under whose imme- diate orders he acts. Avoiding interference with the interior discipline of the companies, he can be of immense service by a general watchfulness, bringing to the notice of the Adjutant any departure from regimental orders in the conduct of fatigues, of guards and sentries, of escorts, of drills, of men walking out of barracks, &c., &c. He should conduct himself so as to merit the respect of every individual in his Battalion, and be an example of activity and soldier like conduct. NOM-COMMISSIONBD OFFICERS. 15 As the well-being of a Rattalion ileiK'ntU ho much u|K)n his coiuluot, he should he a man of sound sense and judg- ment, of a good tem{>er, and kind, but firm in the execu. tion of his duty ; he should possess a knowledge of the characters and capabilities of all the Non-commissioned Otticers and men. He keeps the rosters of all duties for the Non-commis- sioned Otticers ; he gives out to the Orderly Sergeants of companies the orders and detail of duties for the following day ; he parades all guards, escorts and picquets for the inspection of the Adjutant, and at Tattoo he parades the Orderly Sergeants of companies and collects their reports, reporting to the Orderly Otticer on duty ; he also attends at the orderly room with prisoners. He should keep accurate lists of defaulters, and see that they do not escape the punishment awarded, and that they are properly drilled and dismissed at the hour ap- pointed. He should see that a list of all men confined to barracks is kept in the (juard Room, the Canteen, and at the Gate. He should see that the written orders for the Guard are perfectly legible, and be responsible for the committal and release of all prisoners to and from the guard room, cells and military prison at the proper hours. The Sergeant Major is entitled to a servant. An Assistant or second Sergeant Major may be appointed when the duties are very heavy, to assist the Sergeant Major, ranking immediately after him. QUARTER MASTER SERGEANT. The Quarter Master Sergeant is the immediate assistant of the Quarter Master in all his various duties, and should as well as the Sergeant Major, be a model of good conduct and respectability. , > , . 16 iNtKKIOK KCONoMY. T ■ ■ i V 1 in He hIioiiIiI \>r pruHftit at tlie iHsiie of all n.-^iinciital Ht«»i'e8, rations, fuel aiul aiiiiiiiiniti)>ii, and hIiouM .superintend the removal of the Manie when nec«'H8ary ; also attend to the cleaning of Barracku or ('amp ground. He should daily visit the harrack rooms, cook houses, or trenches, latrinis, a.sli and reluse pits, and workshops, reporting any irregularity to the Quarter Master ; also attend Harrack or Camp Inspections, to see that no im- proper charges are made against his Battalion. Under the supervision of the Quarter Master, he should have charge of the camp e([uipage, the regimental baggage of his corps, and the regimental reserve ammunition, also the superintendence of the loading and conveyance of the same when on the line of march. The Pioneers are under his orders. COLOUR SEK(JK.\NTS. Colour Sergeants, who stand in the position of Company Sergeant Major and Quarter Master Sergeant, should be irreproachable in their conduct, zealous and attentive in the performance of their duties, taking a pride in the cleanliness, soldierlike bearing and dress of the men of their companies, and attentive to the good order of their barrack rooms or tents. Colour Sergeants report direct to tlieir Captains upon all subjects connecte■ {), A list of men sleeping out of ])arracks. 10. A roll of Non-coinmis8i(MH'(l Officers, with the dates of their pronuttions. 11. An alphabetical roll of the company (including at- tached men) for muster parade, with the cause of absence from parade marked in ink opposite the man's name. NON-COMMI8SIUNED OKFICKRH IN CHASOK OK SECTIONS. The Non-commissioned Officer in charge of a section or sub-section should be responsible for the good order of his men's appointments, and know the condition of every man's kit, what part of a man's necessaries are old and what new ; also, what articles require repair, and that such things as may be marked for repair, at any inspection, are repaired accordingly. If a man's appointments are out of order or not properly cleaned, he should set him to work at them after parade, and not permit him to leave the barrack room, except on duty, until they are in a proper state. All damages and losses in barracks, rooms, or tents, should be traced to the individuals and reported to the Colour Sergeant ; general charges for barrack damages are to be avoided as much as possible. He should keep a book containing the names (residence and business address),. age, height, date of enlistment, Sec, of the men in his section or sub-section, and be responsible that they are w arned for parades and other duties, as well as having a general supervision over them as already described, ..■'.V 4' *- ^N »'^' NON COMMISSION KD OFFICBI18. 19 He should report every occurrence to the Oolour Sergeant and the Officer in charge of the half company, and he present when the former makes an inventoi-y of an ahscntee'H kit. The Non-commissioned Officer in charge of a room or tent should keep the Koster for the Orderly men of his room or tent, and be held re8i)on8il)le that the room or tent be thoroughly cleaned, swept and ventilated, the beds properly folded, and everything in order within half an hour after HeiriUe sounding. He should inspect each man's berth on these occasions, and see that the accoutre- ments and clothing are all arranged according to orders. He should see that a correct roll of the men of his room is suspended at all times behind the barrack room door, and that the men sit down to their meals properly dressed. He should see every man in bed, the water can filled with water, and every precaution taken against tire by the time Lights out is sounded. HOSPITAL SERGKANT. The Hospital Sergeant is under the direct orders of the Surgeon, to whom he reports any irifegidarity or deviation from the Standing Orders connected with his department which may come under his notice (see "Hospital," page 53). SERGEANT INSTRUCTOR OF MUSKETRY. He should assist the Officer Instructor, under whose immediate orders he is placed, in all hisjIuJiigMijLlbe Mus- ketry instruction of the Battalij confine himself exclusively t He should not be subject missioned Officer, except exempt from all Garrison, (A,^^^*^ w m '' I 1 Hi i !l w 9a INTKRIOK KCONOMY uiileHB when not actually re<{uire(l f(»r the i>erformance of (liitioH appertaining to hin appointment, when he may bo employed in any manner Huitablu to his rank at the digcre- tion of the ('ommanding Officer. PAYMASTKR SKR4JEANT. The Paymaster Sergeant is under the orders of the Pay- master, whom he generally .ossista. ORDKRLY ROOM SER<1RANT. The Orderly Room Sergeant is placed under the special charge and control of the Adjutant ; he has a general superintendence of the assistant clerks, aiid everything connected with the orderly room. He should never speak of any business which may be transacted in the orderly room, to any one, except the Adjutant and Sergeant Major, nor allow the clerks under him to do so. As the supply of stationery is a heavy charge, the Orderly Room Sergeant should take especial care that no improper or useless coA8utn[)tion thereof be piermitted, and that every article of a durable kind be used so long as it is serviceable. BAND MASTER, OR SERGEANT OF THE BAND. The Band Master should be the sole instructor of the band, subject only to the directions of the Commanding Officer and Band Committee ; no other should interfere either in the practice or public playing of the band. The discipline of the band, like that of the drummers, buglers, etc., is in the hands of the Adjutant. The Band Master should make such suggestions to the President of the Band Committee as he may consider ^^a- ■-•.■» NON-rOMMI88lONRt) OFPICKKB. 31 litiiieticial to thr h;iiiil, with a vii-w to tlirir Ujiiig for- wanlud to the- Coiiiiiiaiuling Otlici-r. He MhouM hnvi) cliargu of the clothing, aitiMiiiitiiieiitii, muHic and instrninentM, heing reMponnihU; to the Coniniittt'e for their safe keeping ffe shouhl inniK^ct the inHtrunientt) at regular periods, reporting to th*- President wh»!never an instrument is broken or out of order, and he particular in the care of the music, not {>ermitting any copies of it t<) he taken without the special sanction of the Coniniandiug Officer. SKKOEANT DKUMMKK, FIKRK, &C. The Sergeant Drummer, Fifer, I'iper or Bugler is under the immediate orders of tlie Adjutant ; and responsible that the drummers, lifers, pipers or buglers are instructed in every part of their duty, that their instruments are kept in good order, that they practise daily under his superintendence, and that each is capable of performing his duty as a drummer, fifer, &c. He is also answerable for their conduct and general appearance, and keeps the roster of their duties. He should not permit drums to be beaten, or bugles, fifes or pipes to be sounded other than duty calls, except by orders from the Commanding Officer, Adjutant or Sergeant Major. On parade he should take charge of the Hands so far OS relates to their movements during manciiuvres, and in case of danger through frightened horses, or at the instance of the Commanding Officer, should stop the music. ,,^.^.,. , ^ ,,-,^' PIONKER 8RRORANT. ! ► ; The Pioneer Sergeant is in charge of the pioneers, and should be, if possible, a carpenter by trade. He should M IMTKKIUR KCONOMY. r II m 11 i \ have* a tliorou^h kiiowU-ilgc of IiIh own, an well iut a gt>o«l itlva of othiT tratlcH. CAXTKKN HKIUJKANT. For duties, hi>o " KeKiiiiuntal IiiMtitutt^n," pa^u GM|>c>(:tivuly, cncoiinHjiiig tliMr nit>n tu Uikc iiiitiM'<|i.it4' t'o^- iii/^tiice tlu'iiiMt'IvcM ui jfrpgulariti' < rfriectiiig on all. Hy tiiiooura^iiig Huch a Rpint tnni'li Mill Im< i|ruu> t4»warilN in- cr«-aMiii^ tli«' ftlirij'iifv of the lotrv. OHiccrM hIiouIiI at all tiin«!H, patieiitlv licar any coiiiiilaiiit which may ho m.-wlo in a rt-Hpectful anf their mon, an«l, if poHHihlu, apply a ruineily, or, in more serious caHns, ri'pi»rt to the ( 'aptain, who, if necesiiary, will report to the ('oinniantiin^ ( Miieer. A soldier shoithl he always made to feci that his complaint, when well founded, will not he made in vain. Otlieers, h()Wever, are not to permit groundless and nuilieiotis reports to pass un- censured ; where malice is appiirent, particularly when the complaint is again.st a Non-commissioned Otiicer, the {)«r- son making it, together with his aiders and ahettors, should invariahly be punishe*!. OtHcera to whom any complaints are made should sift the matter thoroughly. Otticers should endeavour t() procure for themselves the conlidence of the soldier in every respect. This is only attainable by attention to his rq,al wants, by studying his character and treating him accordingly, by preserving a regular and steady discipline, by the difli)ensation of rewanl and punishments with certainty and imi)artiality, and by showing a decisiveness and tixed rule of action in every matter. Inconsistency and indecision can never command the respect and contidence of the men. , An Officer should never discourage a well-behaved man from at any time seeking Ids friemlly counsel and advice. Such terms between a superior and a subordinate, who from his good conduct is entitleectal)ility of the Non-coniiiiisHioned OtHcers ; no gootl can ever reHult in lesHeiiing them in their own or the men's eHtimation ; rather than Hubject them to severe and public reprimands they should be reduced to the ranks, for a Non- commisMioned Oflicer, who will not be attentive to the ad- monition of, nor be guided in his conduct bj the atlvice of his superior, is unworthy of his position, and the sooner he is removed from it the better for the service. The most scrupulous punctuality, as to time and place is recjuired from every one concerned in any military duty. OfKcers should consider it a material point of duty to pay strict attention to the appearance and conduct of the Non-commissioned Officers and men, as well oflF as on duty. Officers are at all times to take notice of any slovenliness, they may (»bserve in guards, pic(j[uets, reliefs, fatigue parties or sentries. 'J'hey should never permit any man to appear improperly dressed, or dirty in his person, or awkward or slovenly in the street, whether of their own or another Battalion, without noticii^^ it, nor should they ever permit a soldier to pass without saluting, or allow a Non-commis- sioned Officer or private, when talking to them, to stand in a lounging or unsoldier-like manner. Officers should at all times endeavour to make each individual do his own duty. No sergeant is ever to be requireerforin- ance of any unusual duties. Commanding Officers should personally ascertain that the Officers in charge are fully acquainted with all orders and directions that bear on the service they may be called upon to perf(jrm. Commanding Officers are responsible and accountable for all public stores of whatever description, bebmging or appertaining to the units under tlieir command ; the duties with which Officers commanding companies, etc., or Quar- ter-Masters are charged, being performed under the Commanding Officer's control and 8upervisi(m. Commanding ear t(^ merit. He should be the first to set an example to Officers and men in dress, obedience to orders, ])uuctual attendance at parades, alacrity, alertness, and unceasing attention to all the duties of a soldier. The Adjutant should be constantly vigilant and careful that the orders are attended to and obeyed, with the most scrupulous exactness. He should be active and persever- ing, never taking for granted that anything is right, but constantly seeing that it is so ; informing the Commanding Officer, when he finds neglect or irregularities, which it is not in his power to correct. The dress, appearance and carriage of the men, both on and oflF duty, are to be particularly attended to by him. He should parade and inspect guards, and armed parties proceeding on duty, which will then be handed over to the charge of the proper officer. He should be present during the sitting of Courts Martial, and be prepared, if necessary, to answer to the character of the prisoner, or any other i)articulars which may be required, taking care that the prisoners and evi- dence have been previously warned, and that everything is regular, so as to prevent an unnecessary delay. He should also be present at all Courts of Inquiry and regi- mental investigations of that nature. Although the Adjutant should not interfere in the interior arrangement of companies, he should take Ti.tlse of all deviations from the orders, and any other irregu- I IV OFFICERS. 31 laricies he may observe on tlie part of the Officers, Noti' comniissioiierl Officers or men. There is no circumstance, in which the discipline of the Battalion can in any way be concerned, which the Adju- tant shouhl think foreign to his department, and itA general appearance will best evince his zeal and ability. When the Adjutant is on leave, another Officer should be put in regimental orders to take his duty, but when he is only temporarily absent, his duty may be performed by the Orderly Officer. In corps not having an Adjutant, the Orderly Officer of the day (or week) should be detailed iu orders to perform the duties. PAYMASTER. The appointment of regimental Paymaster has recently been abolished in the Militia, but a combatant officer, usually a Major, should be detailed, in a«ldition to his other duties, to attend to such work as may be necessary in connection with the preparation of pay lists, etc. » QUARTEK MASTER. The appointment of Quarter Master is one of at least as great importance to the comfort and health of the soldier, as that of Surgeon. The services of the latter are only required in exceptional cases, to repair health which has been injured. The labours of the former concern every man in his Battalion, and his duties require a clear head and untiring assiduity. Commanding Officers should therefore be most careful in the selection thej make for the post. The Quarter Master should receive and take charge of fill stord^ of every description belonging to, or lor the corps, MM 32 INTERIOR ECONOMY. and JHBUe them on ret^uiititiun, as may be authorized or required. He should not deal with the (/valUj/ of supplies, but solely with the gross quantity to be received, and subse- (|uent regimental distribution, after they have been duly passed. He should be present at the Htting of clothing, and is responsible that it is according to regulation. The workshops, wash-ht/use and tire department are under his charge, the latter is to be exercised monthly. He should be responsilde for the cleanliness of the Camp or Barracks, also for all repairs and deticiencies, to ascer- tain which he must make constant inspection of the same, and when nee -. ^ary assess the damages. He has the superintendence of the conveyance of the baggage of his corps, when on the m<%rch, and will attend to the loading of it. One fatigue man per company, with the Quarter-Master Sergeant and a corporal should, if neces- sary, be placed under his orders to enable him to execute his charge. Upon the receipt of a route for the march of the Battalion, or a detachment; he is immediately to give notice to the proper authorities, and procure waggons, or other conveyance for the bagg.age ; the regulation of which, both previous to, and during the march, demands h'is par- ticular attention. He should superintend the issue of all provisions, forage supplies, etc. ; and during the period of annual training in camp aflford the Commanding Officer every assistance in the procuring of rations and supplies. He should give timely intimation to the Commanding Officer, when a supply of necessaries is required, in order that the regimental committee (a Field Officer and the Officers OfPICKUS. 33 coiiiinaiiiliiig coiii|».-\iiirs) nmy ho aHMriiihled t«» t'Htiiiiatt.' the prohahli! iiuantity of each dt'scription of jirtich-n m|uirur too inti- mately know their conduct. Captains should personally inspect the whole of the men's kits once a week and superintend the fitting of all clothing. Every Captain present with the Battalion shoulil pay his own coinpany. They should attend rifle practice with their companies, and make themselves c(iually ac<[uainted with the in- struction of musketry as with drill. Keconimendations for promotion and indulgence of every kind should come through Ofhcers commanding companies to the Commanding Oflicer. Officers commanding companies should never award a soldier punishment, merely on the recommenilation of a Non-commissioned Officer. They should personally em^uire into the case, and dispose of it in the presence of the man. Officers commanding companies are enjoined to instruct young Officers appointed to their companies iu all the 3G IKTRKIOR ECONOMY. ! «U'tailM for tli«' iiitfrior innnagciiuMit of tin* coin|)iiiiy ; they are expectutl t«> l><) ao(|iiiiinU;)l witii the name, eharacter, an«rt« »m there arc SuhalUTnn ; or if there only l>« one Suhaltoni vith a company \\v miiHt taku charge of the whole cotnpaii ., un«ler the tlirection of the Captain. 'I'he OrticerH to whom hiilf t-onipaninM arc entruHt«'er8on8, clothing, arniH, accoutrements, and <|uart4>rH. Siitialterns in charge of half coinpaiiiefi Mhould he in poHseHaion of a roll of the name, containing the names of the men, their respective employments, addresHes when on home service ; aluo the nundter of each man's arms, accoutrements, great coat, etc. A Suhaltern appointed to the command of a company becomes charged inunediately with tht- whole of the resjMJir sihility which devolved ujkhi the Captain. SECTION IV. REGIMENTAL 0U(;ANIZATI()N. A Battalion should be divided into Half battivIiouH, a Major having charge of each, who superintenda the Com- panies of their resi)ective Half battalions, reixirting to the Commanding Officer. The Staff Officers, viz., Adjutant, Quarter Ma.ster, and Surgeon, report to the Commanding Officer alone. The Sergeant MajorJ Band Mastert (for discipline only), Sergeant Drummer^ Sergeant Buglen, etc., Orderly Room Sergeant( and Provost Sergeant/ are under the immediate orders of the Adjutant. The Sergeant Instructor of Musketry is under the orders of the Officer Instructor. The Qucirter Master Sergeant ■«■«• 38 INTEKiOK ECONOMY. •*si ^^i*: :# and the Pioneer Sergeant are under the orders of the Quarter Mauter, the Hospital Sergeant, those of the Surgeon. OHicers eonmianding companies should iirst report to the Major commanding their Half battalions upon any auhject of importance connected with their com[)anies. Every olhcer, upon taking charge of a company, should send to the (Jomnianding Offtcer a report that he has had the arms, accoutrements, company's stores, men's accounts, etc., given over to him in a regular and satisfactory man- ner. The Officer who gives over tlie company should report, in writing, liis having done so, and in the event of any deliciency or irregularity mention the circumstance and explain the cause. The statement of arms, accoutrements, and all public property shouhl be sent to the (,Juarter Master for com- parison with his books, and signed by liim as to their cor- rectness or otherwise. All arms on transfer should be minutely inspected by an armourer. The foregoing system of transfer is only applicable, however, to permanent and city corps, iu rural corps the captains are responsible to the District StaflF Officer for arms, equipment and clothing. , * All applications or reports from companies should be made through the Captain or the Officer commanding in his absence ; no Non-commissioned Officer or soldier is ever to be sent to make his application iu person to the Commanding Officer. The several companies of a Battalion should (for the purooses of interior ecop.omy) be known and designated by letters. During drill in Battalion they should be called by their numhem, as told otf. * ^ RE(iIMENTAL ORGANIZATION. 39 The companies should form on parade according to the seniority of their captains, from Hanks to centre, the senior captain on the right, the next senior «)n the left, and so on, but for the purposes of drill and exercise their position may be varied at the discretion of the Commanding Officer. Each company should be divided into two half com- panies, under the charge of the Subalterns, who are re- sponsible to the C!aptain for the condition of their respec- tive half companies, each half ompany is again divided into two sections. A Sergeant should be told off to each section, who is again responsible for its condition to the subaltern ; and Corporals allotted in proportion to assist the Sergeants in the execution of their duty. In Barracks, Camp, or at Head-Qnarters, the Sergeants of sections should be answerable (together with the Colour Sergeant) for the discipline, arrangement, cleanli- ness, and regularity of the tents or barrack rooms, regular and punctual attendance at drill, the condition of the arms, accoutrements, the general state of the clothing, and appointments and their proper adjustment. Non-commissioned officers in charge of sections are to be in possession of a roll of such, containing the names of the men, their respective employments, residences, etc. (when at home), also the number of each man's arms, great coat, etc. In the absence of any Non-commissioned Officer his place will be taken by the one next in seniority. Nothing in this system, it should be understood, is to prevent a senior Officer or Non-commissioned Officer inter- fering with or giving orders to any person not belonging to his half company or section, it being an established axiom m 40 INTERIOR ECONOMY. *i "i I'! M of military service that the senior present is at all times in general charge. Subalterns should, if possible, be ecjually divided among the companies, and if it be necessary for a Subaltern to do duty temporarily with another company, he should alw.ays be retnrned to his own at the earliest opportunity. Colour Sergeants should report to the Officer command- ing their companies. Sergeants, to the Colour Sergeants of their companies as well as to the Subalterns, and Cor- porals to the Sergeants of their several sections. Thus the general chain of responsibility, beginning at the high- est is extended to the junior ranks. ENROLMKNT. By the Militia Act those under the age of eighteen are not eligible for enrolment, and great care should be taken that none but well conducted and healthy men are accepted ; the period of service in term of peace is three years. Where the several companies are all at Head Quarters, the following will be found a good jdau for enrolling : — A Board of Officers, consisting of a Field Officer, the Surgeon, and the Adjutant, should be appointed, before whom all recruits should be presented for examination as to their qualification, by the Officer commanding the com- pany they desire to join. On being passed by the Board the recruit is brought before the (.'onnnanding Offie put in orders a.s having heen taken <»n tlie strength of tlie (battalion from the any. He is then sent to the recruits' chiss, and not dismissed thirefroni, until the Adjutant rep«trts him Ht for tluty, when he can be served with uniform. In rural corps, it may not he possible to carry out this system, but it can be modified to suit circumstances. In city corps, the oath should be administered by the Commanding Oliicer of the Hattalion ; in rural corps, by the Officer commaii«ling the com[)any in which a man is enrolled to serve. On re-engagement for a further term, the service roll should again be signed, and tiie oath again administereil. Officers, on being gazetted, should take the oath of allegiance and sign fhe Standing Orders of the Battalion, agreeing to be bound by the same. D» CHAKdK OK TRANSFER. On completing his term of service in time of peace, a Non-commissioned Officer or man is entitled to a dis- charge (Form *2) without giving notice, but there is no provision in the Militia Act whereby a num can claim it as a right until he has fulfilled the terms of his service. Nor can a .Non-i'onmiissioned Officer or man be dismissed from a corps for irregular conduct until after due investi- gation and approval from Head(j[uarter8. • In time of war no Non-commissioned Officer or man can be required to serve in the field continuously for a longer period than one year, unless he volunteers to serve for the war, or unavoidable necessity arises when he may be called upon to continue his service for any period beyond tlje' year, not exceeding six months. imi 42 INTERIOR ECONOMY. ■^ . t In the case of a transfer to another corps, a certificate of service, stating length of same, shouhl be given, and whenever a man leaves hi? corps, either through death, disability, discharge or transfer, his name should be put in orders as being struck off its strength. PAY The pay of Non-commissioned Officers and njen should be personally issued by Officers commanding companies. On continuous or permanesit service, payments are made weekly in arrear, the money necessary l)eing drawn from the District Paymaster by re(iuisition. The usual system adopted is to pay each man an even sum, say .^1 to |.S according to rank, at each weekly pay- ment, and on the last day of the month the balance in full, after deducting forfeitures, fines and stoppages. The last of the month is called "settlement day," and each Non-commissioned Officer and man as he is tendered the balance due him is shown the state of his account in the Pay sheet (Form 3) and if satisfied as to its correctness must then, on receiving his money, sign the same ; if he is not satisfied with the charges against him, he can object to sign the pay sheet and ask to be brought before the Commanding Officer. The Captain signs the "abstract" when all accounts are settled. The Colour Sergeant should be present at all payments, with his accounts fully prepared, to give every information to those present. In addition to the pay sheet, a Cash account book ( Form 4) should be kept by the Colour Sergeant, in which all sums received by him from whatever source are en- tered, as well as jtU payments made. An acknowledg- PAY. 48 "^'.X. " V. inent of these receipts and payments must be recorded in this hook against the various items. The Captain also, should keep a Cash hook and lodger (Form ")), in which is recorded all receipts and [)ayment8 in connection with his company. Officers on continuous or permanent service shouhl he paid monthly in arrear, by che(iue from the District Pay- master, their receipts for same being recorded upon a regimental pay list. For the ordinary annual drill of the Militia Force, a simple pay list, showing the number of days drill and amount to which each officer and man is entitled, with signature receipt for same, is all that is required. A soldier forfeits his pay For every day of absence without leave above five days, under that time it is at the discretion of his Commanding Officer. For every day of imprisonment awarded by Civil or Military Court, or by his Commanding Officer, or under detention for an off'ence of which he is afterwards con- victed by any of the above. For every day on which he is in hospital on account of sickness caused by an offence committed by him. Forfeited pay is returned to the Government through the pay sheet. A soldier is fined only For drunkenness according to the following scale : First and second offence, no fine. For the third and every subsequent instance : (a) If within three months of previous instance. . $1 83 (b) If over three and within six months 1 22 (c) If over six and within nine months 61 (d) If over nine months no fine. T'Sli. 44 INTKKIOR KCONOMY. •■f'a*. I !: %■: I ^'! ;'i When a HoMier i.s lial)le to a tine and four {jreceding in- staiiccH have Uvcu rucordetl against him, within the preced- ing twelve months, .i^O.Ol will he added to the Hcale ahove given. Fines which cannot he recovered from a soldier's pay are not to be recovered from any other source while he remains in the service, and no deduction should he mare88," page I7.'>, Whenever the liand is directed to play at tlie Mefw or any public assenihly, it should be properly dreHseil. No bandsman should engage hiniselt" to play in uniform with(Uit the consent of the Presiilent of the liand ('(un- niittee, and the Hand sh«)uld not play anywhere in ])ublio wihbonf ♦*', ' sanction of the Oonimanding Officer, Bauils are upon no account to take pairt in any political, religious or party procession. Any bandsman habitually misbehaving should be sent to his duty in the ranks, as the Hand should always be composed of the best conducted n»en. , Each man should be held responsible for the instrument entrusted to him, which should never be taken from the Hand or practice room, unless recpiired for duty, or by special premission. It is essential that the Hand, bugles, drums and fifes, when playing or beating for military purposes, particularly marches, should adhere sirictly to the time, which will allow, within the minute, the exact number of steps prescribed in the "Infantry Drill." For this purpose the music of the ditlerent cadences should be practised under the direction of the Hand Master, with the plummet, until the prescribed cadence has been acquired. The Hand and the drums should be frequently practised together, in order that, when relieving each other in the quick march, the cadence may l)e preserved uniformly and unin- terruptedly. ,:', The following books of instruction, published by author- ity, for the Imperial .Service will be found very useful in Bugle or Fife and Drum Hands : — The "Infantry Bugle 46 INTRiilOK ECONOMY. \ III '.n»jr I ■H SouiuIh," " InHtructioiiH for the Fife," aiul "J'he Art of beating the Drum." I'lONKKRS. The Pioneers are a Hraall corjis of regimental artificers, competent to repair barracks, furniture, utensils, etc., or do other mechanical work in a ])attalion or garrison, ami if need be, instruct others in the same. They should be selected mainly on account of proficiency in their trades, and good character ; they may also be employed in the Quarter master's store or other duty pertaining to that department. Each company should have one pioneer, and the distri- bution of trades in a Battalion of ten com2)anies be as follows : three Carpenters ; two Bricklayers (one able to plaster, the other to slate) ; one Smith (able to shoe horses) ; one Stone Mason ; one Painter and Glazier ; two Plum])er8 and Gas Fitters. A proper outfit of tools such as picks, spades, shovels, axes, augers, a saw, chisel, crowbar, etc., should be in their possession. A Sergeant (a carpenter if posr.ible) should have imme- diate charge, the whole corps being under the direction of the Quarter Master. BARRACK REGULATIONS. Commanding Oificers should prohibit the indiscriminate admission of strangers into barracks or camp, and take measures to prevent any but persons of respectable charac- ter from gaining access thereto. During the first week of each month the Quarter Master should make an inspection of each room to see that the articles in charge are accounted for, such as cots, bedding, :i( HAKRACK REGULATIONS. 47 brooms, stoves, etc., etc. ; the iiumiHT iiniHt a^rLe with the Inventory and Quarter Miiater's hooks. The (.'uptaiu of each company shouhl he present at this insiMx'tioii. On the men rising, the beds shouUl he turned up, the rooms swept and made thoroui^hly clean in half an hour ; ami as every man should be sent to the regimental hospital, who from sickness is oVdigcd to keep his bed, no bed should be made down before Rftreat is sounded. Each man should be answerable for the cleanliness of his own berth ; the orderly men responsible for the cleanliness of the tables, plates, dishes and the room generally ; also the berths of such mon as may be on duty. The windows should bo kept frequently open. In camp, the curtains of tents should be rolled up if the weather be tine, and in any case the leeward side raised. The men should not use the barrack sheets, blankets, or utensils, for any other purpose than for which they are intended. No washing of persons or clothes in the barrack rooms should be permitted. No clothing, arms, or anything whatever, should be al- lowed to lie about, but everything should be in its proper place, and regular. Every barrack room or tent should have posted in a conspicuous place a small and neat label (Form 6), and on the inside a nominal roll of the men occupying it. When a passage or flight of stairs leads to more rooms than one, the men of each room should take their turns weekly to keep it clean. No water, dirt, or filth, should be thrown opposite the barrack doors, in the passage or stairs, or out of the win- dows, but should be carried to the proper sinks for water, and the receptacles for dirt. 4$ INTRUIOU KCONOMV. Hi Any 111:111 foiiml nftrr '/'"ifnn in tin- liariHck loiiiii or tciit, tn which he ihti'H nut litlung, hIiouI*! i>u contiiicMl liy tlie NoncotniniHHionctl ( Mlictrr in charge All HghlH Hhoulil he put out iniincdiately on t.he huglo Rountling for that lMl^|K^st! after Tattnii, In (juartering the Noncoininissioned OilicerH and men in a harra( k room or tent, gn-at care shouhl he taken that the arrangiMuent is hy Hections. Shouhl it he necesnary to hreak up any ]Mirtion of the sections, ius many sections must he kept as complete as poKsihli?, instead of detaching a j)ortion from each. Comrades or relatives, shouhl he sejiarated as little a« jjossihie in ((iiarUtrs. The men should sit down regularly to meals, cleanly dresaeil, with tunics or serges buttoned up. No man should be ttll(»w«Ml to take his dinner away from the table. The corporals dining at the tables should be responsible for the proper behaviour of every man of their several messes. Saturday should be approp»riated to a thorough cleaning of rooms, windows, passages, etc., by all hands, when the tables, forms and utertsils of every description should be scrubbed as white as they can possibly he made. The l)e " ij jncket, neatly foMi'tl, will lie liiitl on tlit> top of tlif trow- nfxn, waiHtbaiul of troWHvrH mu\ colhir of t'liiic to the right, jarkut collar to tlio left, helmet or huHhy over all, the mcHH tin on the right. The towel hIiouM ho {tlacetl over the liaok of cot ready for use. The ]>oot8, well polished, shotiM he arrangetl under the fore part of the hed-cot, tocH to the front. The shoe hruHhcH, cloned together, hhould he placed between the boots, with the blacking on the top. The men's necessaries should always be kept in their knapsacks or valises. Hy necessaries is meant shirts, drawers, socks, etc., etc. Each man's name and company should be written on a card and hung from the shelf over liis cot. — (Form 7.) Kvery man (when there are racks for arms) shouhl keep his rifle in one particular place, either to the right or left of his cot ; the arms should never be taken from the rack, except when the men are using or cleaning them ; when there are no racks, the rifles are to l)e slung on a peg at each man's berth, or in camp round the tent pole, contined at the muzzles in a hooii. For the (Captain's weekly liarrack kit inspection, the several articles should be arranged a.s follows : The cot will be unfolded to its full length, the valises or knapsack laid on it flat, the upper edge touching the pal- liasse, with the cap, trowsers, tunic and forage cap, neatly folded, placed in the order named ; on either side a legging, adjoining the valise is laid tlie greatcoat folded with the holdall complete and open lying on it, next is laid the towel folded in four with the socks on either side, then the sjjirt folded lengthways, then the mess tin, a low boot ou ORDKRS. .M either Hitlu, an cloth an«I Mackiii^ ))rii)iht*H, Hpoti^i- aiic>cti<>n iH h«-lil in thi> open air on [Mkrado ami iH (IcHcrihud in Part II, page V26, OKDKKH. Regimental onlers, when isMucd hy the T'omniantling Otticer of a Hattalion, Hhoultl he promulgated on the even- ing of the day hefore that to which they refer. The Adjutiint prepares the orders un«ler the direction of the Commanding Officer, and signs them " hy order" he- fore their issue. The orders should contain— first, detail of duties called for by sujHjrior authority ; second, of Officers for regimental duties, names of men taken on or struck off the strength, leave of absence to Officers and their return from leave, such punishments as affect a soldier's pay or service, that is, sentences of courts nmrtial, tines, dei)rivation of j)ay, stop- pages for barrack damages ; then parades, or anything that has to be generally notified ; and, last of all, a]>[>ointments and promotious. All general, divisional or brigade orders, should be re- published, so far as they eflFect the corps, with the regiment- al orders, for the information of all concerned. At the hour named for issue, the Sergent Major should cause "Orders" to be sounded, when th;j Kegimental and Company Orderly Sergeants attend with companies' order books, in which they write the orders from the Sergeant Major's dictation. All orders, general as well as regimental, should be read and explained at evening roll call by the Company Orderly 52 INTERIOR ECONOMY in i \ln I ■ Sergeant, and those of an imjtortant nature by an Officer of each company on three succcHsive parades after they are issued, the Orderly Sergeant being responsible that every man upon eing tit for duty should be car* ried for them. The Surgeon should send a return (Form 10) of the sick to the orderly room every morning for the (Commanding Officer'.; information, and a nominal list (Form 1 1) of sick is likewise to be transmitted to the orderly room every Saturday morning. He should also keep a record of each individual admitted, and discharged from the Hospital (see Books, page 183). The Surgeon should make a minute inspection of the o' J of the Non-commissioned Officers and men of the r. v ;alion once a week, on such day and at such hours, as may be appointed by the Commanding Officer, for the purpose of ascertaining whether any latent disease exists ; if so, he should personally report to the Com- manding Officer. On these occasions the parade should be in bare feet, trowsors turned up to the knee, chests and arms bared. The Surgeon should frccjuently visit the barracks and messes of the men. He should report as soon as possible to the Commanding Officer any accident or circumstance which may occur connected with his department, and whatever appears to him as being either detrimental to the general health of the men or likely to be beneficial to it. He should examine the cells and other places of confine- ment, to see that they are kept in a healthy state for prisoners. All prisoners for trial by court-martial should be medically inspected by the Surgeon. When a prisoner is ailmitted 56 INTERIOR KCONOMY. *f : ' i' ^i i]| % ' [nil; > " i Mt ili into or discharge*! from Hospital, the word "Priaoiier" should be inserted opitoMite his name. A guanl should be constantly furnished to the Hospital, and the Surgeon should signify to the Commanding Officer, the particular orders which he wishes to be given. Officers when ill should immediately send an intimation to the Adjutant and Surgeon, who will report to the Com- manding Officer. During the continuance of illness an officer should confine himself strictly to the precincts of barracks or quarters, unless permitted to go out for exercise by the Surgeon. Officers on the sick list cannot resume duty without the permission of the Surgeon. DIVINE SERVICE. The strictest attention should be given by all ranks to the attendance at Divine Service on Sundays, and the greatest respect paid during the performance of this important duty. Commanding Officers should afford every facility for the wives and families of the men to attend public worship. All Officers should attend ('hurch parade, those only excepted who are on duty or have the special leave of the Commanding Officer. On entering any Church or Chapel, all should be reveren- tial and orderly in their behavior, the Officers command- ing companies being responsible that their men proceed at once to the places alloted them with regularity and with- out noise. Each company should be seated as nearly together as possible, with their Non-commissioned Officers amongst them, to check and report any irregularity. After Divine Service no one should move out of his place or make the slightest noise until the Commanding Officer rises, nor attempt to put on his headdress until outside of the first door of the Church. MVINK SERVICfi. 67 Soldiers of the tliffurent ilenoininatioiis should be regu- larly marched to and from their own places of public worship, untler the command of an Othcer, if their num)>er exceed twenty, and in charge of a Sergeant, if not exce«'ding that number ; anin ■:\ 58 INTKRIOR F.COXOMV rcfoivi! :i e brought forward concerning the general management .ind comfort of the Mefts. Altliougli Oflioors meet at Mess on a footii»g of social e(juality, it neverthelesH ouglit to he distinctly understood that Mess is a parade, antl that olHcers attending thereat are under the same military discipline, and as much under the orders of their seniors as though tliey were on a parade under arms. The senior combatant Officer present is always in charge, being responsible for all that takes jdace at table and in the ante-room both before and after dinner ; and should any individual persist in disobeying orders after proper warn- ing, he should at once order the person so ofifending into arrest. Two officers should be detailed weekly to act as Presi- dent and Vice-President. Medical Officers are not, owing to the calls which may be made on them, available for this duty. The President should be responsil)le for the correct carry- ing out of every detail connected with service of the table, and has power to order any Officer, irrespective of rank, to desist from doing anything contrary to rule. He should, if necessary, re[)ort any Officer violating rules. The Vice-President should in everyway assist the Presi- dent in the execution of his duty, and sit at that end of the table which is nearest the point of entrance for ser- vants, etc. , All servants attending Mess shouhl be under the imme- diate orders of the President and Vice-President. No Officer (unless on the Mess Committee) should on any account enter the mess room before dinner is announced. OFFICKRS MKSa. 59 No 8iiH»kiii^' shoiilil Ik* |K'rmittan(l shouM begin as the < UHcers enter the Mess room playing the "Roast Btef t»f Old Kngland," or may begin as the joints are served ; in the latter case the air al)ove named is not played. One Serg(!ant, three rank and tile, with an occasional assistant (when applied for by the President of the Com- mittee) may be allowed to be taken oflF the duty roster, for the purpose of attending the Officer's Mess, and every other facility should be given by the f.'ommanding Officer to support the respectability of an establishment in which the general comfort of the Officers is so materially con- cerned. SKR<; rants' mess. Whenever possible, a Sergeant's Mess should be formed under the regulations below named, and the immediate supervision of the Adjutant. The Sergeant-major should be held responsible for the general regularity and respectability of the Mess ; if not a bachelor, he should frequently visit the Mess ; any irregu- larity he may observe he should at once report to the Adjutant for the Commanding Officer's information. A Committee consisting of one Colour Sergeant and two Sergeants, should be appointed quarterly, who should bo responsible for all funds and general management of the Mess, and should produce, for the inspection of the Com- manding Officer each month, the Mess accounts closed up to end of previous month. A caterer, who should be a Sergeant, (but not one of the committee) is to be selected by the committee and placed in charge of all stores of eatables and liquors. A Sergeant should be appointed by roster to act as Treasurer for the quarter. ll \ ■h ■1 :1 92 INTKRIOR KCONOMY, The ratrnotion or appointment, aH al.Ho nionthiy HuliMcriptioiiM, hIiouM he fixed from time to time by the Coiiiinantling OtHeer ; a limit, however^ it named in the Queen's regulationH. MesH meetingH HhouM be held monthly, the Sergeant- major to preside, or in his absence the next senior Non-commissioned Officer. A statement of accounts, signed by the President, sh«)uld be submitted to this meeting for autlit and approval ; minutes of the pro- ceedings to l>e recordetl and 8ul>niitted for approval of the Commanding Otlicer. All li(|Uors should be pai«l for to the caterer when sup- plied ; he shotild hand over the amount received daily to the Treasurer of the committee. All stores, liciuors, etc., purchaseil for the Mess should be approved by the Committee, and paid for on purchase ; the Treasurer should receive all subscriptions and messing bills, and with his monthly accounts produce vouchers for all payments ; he should pay over to the caterer the mess- ing money rcijuired for the ensuing week. ' ' The messing bills should be paid weekly ; any neglect of this order should be at once reported to the Adjutant for the Commanding Officer's information. The Sergeants' Mess should be closed one hour after Tattoo, and the key of the mess-room and liquor store handed over by the caterer to the Sergeant-major. The Sergeants should be most particular as to what civilians they introduce to their Mess. COMPANY MR.SSES. The regularity of the men's messes is an object of primary importance, and it should be the duty of the Commanding Officer to see that the soldiers' meals are properly cooked and suificiqntly provided. U\ COM TAN Y UfclHHKa. 63 Tho rationH for «ftch r(K»m or Unit »«|ua«l almuM Ik; rn xhouhl hr inadu to tliviile thom, aii»l he maintai''(Ml for tho Hupply of refrt'HhmentM of the f«>Ilowing na^ ir« : -tea, coffee, cocoa, non-alcoholic drinks, Houp, IihIi, e^.gs, b^con, cooked and prenerved meats, etc. It should he ope?;.- 1 at such an hour as will enable men to have ruf.^'shmeni ; before the morning parade, and closed half an hour after TaUoo. Regimental Institutes should be managed by u stant' a^* committee of three Othcers, of whom the President i^hall not be under the rank of (Japtain, who should be selected by and be under the direction and control of the Com- manding Ottic&r. Officers of the regimental staff should not be appointed members of the committee. The duties of this committee are to su|>erintend the whole business of the Institute ; to take charge of, and disburse its funds ; it must take stock, and examine the books monthly, inspect the fjuality of articles sold, auti:orize all purchases, and regulate the nrices at which articles will be sold. A subordinate committee of three ]S on-commissioned Officers n»ay be appointed by the Con>»nanding Officer, to act under the superintendence of the ^' at named committee for the more immediate internal management of the Institute ; this conmiittee has no concern in any money payments or contracts, but it may submit its views to the Officers' committee for consideration. 66 INTERIOR ECONOMY. The selection of a Non- commissi one* I Officer for the charge of the refreshment of good quality. .. The proceeds for the sale of articles should be handed over daily by the Canteen-sergeant to the committee of Officers, which amount should be lodged in a bank, or other place of security, as the committee, with the concurrence of the Commanding Officer, may arrange. KEOIMENTAL »NaTITUTK. The Oanteen-scrgeant should iit all tini(>8 prevent, as far aH lies ill his jmwer, rioting or disfjrtlerly behavior in the canteen ; and not sutfer any gambling, cards, or gambling tables to be introduced ; and, further, he should not give credit or trust to, or receive any pledges or pawns from, any Non-commissioned Otficer or man, or member of his family. , Defaulters may be permitted to enter the canteen during fixed hours, say from 7 to 8 p.m. No civilians or others should be permitted to frequent, or in any way make use of the canteen, without the knowledge, permission or sanction of the Commanding Officer, and under no circumstances should they be per- mitted to do so during the hours prohibited by the License Act in force for the time being. Should it be necessary that licenses be taken out by the Canteen-sergeants, the cost of such should be charged against the Institute. The canteen, grocery shop, etc., are to be visited fre- quently by a member of tue committee and the Com- manding Officer, and daily by one of the Orderly Officers. By the Militia iJegidations, the sale of malt or spirituous liquors is prohibited in canteens at Camps of Instruction. Non-commissioned Officers and soldiers may, at the discretion of the Commanding Officer, be permitted to introduce their male friends into the coffee-room, on con- dition that they leave the barracks on the sounding of the first post of Tattoo. The person who thus introduces a friend sh «uld be considered responsible for his good behaviour. The Commanding Officer is empowered to exclude any individual at any time. Everything purchased at any of the establishments of the Institute should be paid for at once in ready money, It i:; fiS INTERIOR KCONOMV. except, that |)aK8-1»(>()k aocountH, to ho paid weekly, may he allowed for Officers, and Sergeants' nu'ssea, and for the families of Otlicers, and such others entitled to deal thereat, as may he specially sanctioned hy the ('om- manding Officer. Keoreation room, Reading room and Lihrary, should form part of the Regimental Institute of the unit to which they are appropriated. Their ohject is, in conjunction with libraries, to afford to the Non-commissioned Officers and men the means, within the barracks, of employing their leisure hours in rational amusement and the acquisition of useful knowledge, and thus to encourage habits of morality and sobriety. Recreation-rooms should be maintained partly by volun- tary subscriptions from the troops using them, and partly by a grant from (iovernment. The management and superintendence of recreation- rooms, and the regulation of the expenditure of their funds, form part of the duties of the committee of the Regimental Institute to which they belong. The sub-committee already referred to should recommend to the committee the Ijooks to be purchased for the library, and the periodicals, newspapers and games for the recreation- rooms ; in these and all other lecommeudations they will endeavour to carry out the wiah-^s of the subscribers. The recreation-rooms should bo open to all Non- commissioned Officers and men of the corps, who are subscribers. OFFICRRS' QUARTERS. It being an acknowledged principle of the military ser- vice, that seniority of rank gives priority of selection of quarters, an Officer put into possession of quarters by Hi I" .s<£3cjiisSl, OFFICERS QUARTKR8. 69 proper authority should n<»t be ilw-wwaeaeetl hy an Officer of corresponding rank, viz. : A Commanding Officfir hy a Commanding Officer. A Major V)y a Major. A Captain by a Caj)tiiin, or A Lieutenant by a Lieutenant. But in all cases a (.'aptain may claim a priority of choice over a Lieutenant, notwithstanding such Lieutenant shall have been in previous possession of the better (quarters. Officers should be quartered as near as possible to the men, and in as large a proportion a.s circumstances should admits No Officer should under any circumstance be iwjrmitted to esttiblish a right to a military (quarter he does not oc- cupy, nor should he at any time transfer his quarters, or any part thereof, to any other Officer, except with the special permission of the Connnaneyond that time, the rooms should bo given over to the charge of the Quarter or Barrack Master. The kitchens attached to unmarried Officers' quarters should not be used as sleeping aparttnents by soldier servants, nor should servants be permitted to keep their arms and accoutrements in these kitchens. LEAVE OF AB.SE>'CE. The Adjutant being responsible for the correct keeping of the duty roster and all orderly-room returns, it is im- perative that he should be aajuainted with an Officer's obtaining leave, even from parade. 70 INTERIOR ECONOMY. SuhalternH applying for leave of absence hhould do so (in writing) to their respective Captains, for subniission through the Adjutant, for the Coninianding OHicer's approval. Officers afiove the rank of Subaltern and llegimeutal Staff, wishing for leave of absence, should jy)ply in writing to the Comnianding Officer (through the Adjutant) on the day previous to their recpiiring it. In cases of emergency, only, personal application may be made to the Command- ing Officer. Application for a prolongation of leave should be made in a similar manner. In all applications for leave, officers should state the reasons for which solicited, their address while absent, and the name of the Officer taking their duties. Officers going on leave of absence should settle every regimental account itrevious to their departure. So long as Officers remain in barracks they should attend all parades and perform Ml duties, notwithstanding their leave of absence may have commenced. Officers who receive leave of absence should be present with the Battalion on the day on which their leave termi- nates. They should report themselves personally on their arrival to the Commanding Officer before appearing in public, and give notice in person or in writing to the Adju- tant. They should also make themselves acquainted with all orders issued during their absence. Officers on temporary leave should make good all duties missed during their absence. It is only when on general leave they are exempt from this. Leave from parade, or leave for a tlay, should come through the same channel, but verbally or by application made in a Leave book, which in some corps is kept in th^ orderly room for that purpose. PASSES. 71 pAsaiw. Passes are granted, under the following regulations, to well-conducted soldiers, t<> enable them to visit their friends or to remain out after hours ; but, except as herein regulated, no soldier should be out of his quarters between Tattoo and Reveille, without a pass. Non-connni8si()ned otficers, not below the rank of sergeant may remain out of barracks up to midnight without special permission. If they wish to remain out after that hour, they should obtain passes on the proper form, from their Commanding Officer ; but they should not be re- quired to have passes within the limits of the garrison in which they are quartered. (a) Passes should not be granted for periods of absence exceeding one week . For longer periods a furlough is necessary. (h) Permanent passes (Form 12) up to midnight should be granted — (1) To non-commissioned officers below the rank of sergeant. (2) To men with one or more good-conduct badges, or who have had no entry in the Company Defaulter book during the past 12 months. (3) To men who, though not qualified under (2), may, in the opinion of their Commanding Officer, be deserving of the privilege. (c) Well-conducted recruits should be granted passes to visit their friends once a month, or oftener, if possible, from after the last drill on Friday until Tattoo on Sunday. If there are no Sunday trains their passes may extend till after the arrival of tbQ first train on Monday. 1 n ' INTKKIOR FX'ONOMV. No soldier Bhoiild he recommended for this indxilgence, unless lie has heen clear of a Regimental entry one month ; or a Company, two weeks ; and care shouM he taken that men are not allowed to make a hahitof applying for passes too frequently. Men ohtaining a p.-iss hIiouIiI have it recommended by the Officer commanding the company. The psisses of men em- ployed should be recoinmende*! by their respective supe- rioia. Bandsmen and Uuglers by the Adjutant ; .Servants' pasHCS by their masters ; and those of Mess servants by the President, as well as by the Officer commanding the Com- pany to which they belong, previous to obtaining the sig- nature of the Commanding Officer. Permanent passes and those for a later hour than twelve o'clock should be signed by the Commanding Officer. Passes up to midnight by Officers commanding companies. Non-commissioned Officers should not apply for passes until they have ascertained from the Sergeant Major if they are for duty. All ordinary passes (Form 13) should be on printed forms, which should be kept in the Colour Sergeant's possession and (illed in by him, from time to time, as required. Should the Commanding Officer or Captain refuse a pass, it is to be destroyed and not given to the soldier. Soldiers on pass are entitled to pay, but no rations, if absent more than one day. On returning to quarters, the ordinary passes should be left with the Sergeant of the Ouard, who enters on the face of them the precise time at which they return, and initials the same, and these passes are sent to the orderly room with the guard reports daily. Permanent passes should always be carried by the holder, and shown when required. •:i ! / PAS8KS, 73 Any soldier who coininits him«elf when on pa»«, should forfeit the like indulgence for double the aV>ove (jualifying IHjrioda. Men absent on pass, for less than seven days, shouhl make up their duties. In cjise of a man being prevented from rejoining his Biittalitm before the expiration of his pass, through un- avoidable delay of trains or steamboats, he should bring with him a written Htatement from the Station- Master, or Captain of the boat, of the cause of the 74 INTKRIOR ECONOMY. company to which he liclougB. Soldiers who are likely to make eligible Non-cornmiMsioned OttioerH should not be taken. Whenever an Officer diHrnisseii h'\» servant, he should inform the Adjutant in writing liiu reason for so doing, for the Commanding Officer's information. A Register should be kept in the orderly room of all men who have been dismissed for misconduct, to prevent their beitig employed as servants afterwards. When r servant is once turned away by his master, on account of misconduct, he should not be employed again, unless he has conducted himself, for a period of not less than six months after his return to duty, to the entire satisfaction of the OfRcer in command of the company to which he belongs. No soldier should ever be permitted to work in any part of his regimental clothing, neither should he ever appear partly dressed in uniform and partly in livery. Officers' servants should answer their names at Tattoo, Officers having occasion to send their servants out of barracks after Tattoo, should always furnish them with a pass. Unmarried servants should sleep in the barrack rooms and mess with their compamies, and all servants should return to their duty, when their masters are on leave of absence for more than three days. All servants, with the exception of those of mounted Officers, should attend all general parades ; they should mount guard with the Officer they attend, and perform their share of that duty ; there should be special drill for them at least one day in the week. If an Officer is ill, his servant should be excused from ^ parades as long as he is on tl^e sick list, c ^ : ,/■ SKRVANT8 AND BATMKN, n No general paMM rHouIiI Im; gfvun to an Olficvr'n Hervant, unless it be Higiied by the Commanding Otticer. Officers' servants should keep their arms, apjMnntmcnts, and clothing in good order, and ))e ready to turn out, like other soldiers, at any moment. In connection with soldier servants the term *' batman" is frequentl)' used. Formerly these were men hired in time of war t«^ take charge of Bat or baggage horses, but lat- terly the word has in the service been applied to soldiers, who performed odd chores for Sergeants in their own time, without being relieved from duty, as is customary with officers' servants. PART ir. DUTIES. SECTION I. KOSTKU OF DUTIKS. Duties, or the proper performance of them, are the moat imiK>rtant part of a soldier's training, be he OtHcer, Non- commissioned Otficer, or Private. In all duties, whether with or without arms, and whether l)erformed by corps or by individuals, the roster should commence with the senior. Duties are thus cl«ussilied : 1. (juanls, Ist of the Sovereign ; 2nd, of Members of the Royal Family ; 3rd, of Viceroys ; 4th, of the Captain iital. tt. Working parties. e. Unlerly duties. /. Fatigue duties. The Officers' duty roster (Form 14) in kept by the Adjutant, who should have one for Harrison, and another for Kegimental duties, the former taking precedence of the latter. Officers on duty of all descriptions should attend all parades and perform all other incidental duties, so far as they do not interfere with the 8i)ecial duties for which they have been detailed. When an Officer's tour for more than one duty comes on the same date, he should be detailed for that duty only, which has the precedence in the ciassilication already given. When an Officer is actually in the performance of one duty, and his tour for another duty occurs, he should not make good that other duty, but his tour is to pass him, i.^., he receives an "overslaugh." An Officer detailed as in "waiting" is not entitled to count a tour of duty. No overslaugh should be allowed for one of two duties which come round on the same date, when such occur through an Officer having exchanged duties, or when he is making up duties at the end of the roster. An Officer detailed for one duty can also be detailed for such other duties as his Commanding Officer may think he J can coiiHiHU-iitly porforni with the pmiiur (liHchargi; of thu tirHl iiU'iitioiiiMl iluty. AttiMuliUice at a Court Miirtin!, the inein)K;rN of which shall have been aHHenihled and sworn, HhouKl Im: reckoned a erHun. On any day un which a ('ourt Martial is nut actually Hitting, its members should, without further orders, be consijlered available for panules or other duties ; they should not, however, (}uit the station without the authority of thelieneral or other Officer commanding, until the Court shall have been dissolved. This is also appli- cable to ('ourts of Inquiry and Boards. A guard, escort, picquet, or fatigue party, is only entitled to count a tour of duty, when it has marched otl' the ground where it may have been ordered to parade. A Brevet Ofticer should perform all Hegimeutal duties according to his Regimental rank — (larrison duties accord- ing to his Militia rank. Guards of Honour should be furnished regimentally. When an Officer returns from short leave of absence and has to make up duties, he should make up one at the end of each roster. When an Officer has to make up duties, he should only make itp as many duties of each kind as any individual Officer has done of that kind during the period of his leave. The Officers for duty, and those in waiting as next for duty, should always be mentioned in the orders of the day. Officers should not be allowed to exchange duties with- out the permission or the authority of those by whom they are detailed ; the application to be made in writing to the Adjutant, signed by both Officers, and before the name of either party has appeared iu orders. R08TEK or DUTIES. n No arnicti {>arty, conHiMtiri^ of more than twenty mrn, ihoulil be alloWtid to procevd uu any duty uua«:coin{iai)ie«lly called for, tbu nitrn lirwt on the roster for nigimeiital fatigue nhould be taken, even though they shouhl have been previously Warned for another fatigue. Except in caaes of necessity, men should not be taken for duty within a shorter interval than two hours after guard, or one hour after meals. As a general rule Non-ct»mmi88ione«l Officers and men on escort, or giving evidence before a (Jourt Martial, should Hot make good a jy guards, i)ic(iuets, or fatigues, when it ha>: parsed their turn in tlie roster. Cooks, servants, an being sounded, the Non-commissioned Officers and men rise and dress, and the roll is cal!ed by the Orderly Sergeant of the company, who notes men absent or rei)orted sick. An hour after liewillc sounding, every man should havij his bed made up ; the rooms or tents should be swept and cleaned, windows opened, or tent curtains rolled up, unless in rainy weather, and the urine tubs emptied, and placed at the appointed spot with clean water in them. The Subaltern of the day with the Regimental Orderly Sergeant should visit the rooms to see that this order has been obeyed. At 6.45 all men off duty should parade and drill for (me hour; men attending instruction drill, and recruits, should also parade for drill at this hour. Orderly Sergeants should attend at the falling in. At 7 the rations of bread and meat should be issued, j»'hen the Regimental Orderly Sergeant should see that the Orderly Corporals and Orderly men of companies are paraded, properly dressed in fatigue clothing and report to the Orderly Officers of the day, who attend, together with the Quarter- Master, and remain until the issue is com- pleted ; any complaints respecting the rations should be made at their issue through the Orderly Corporals of com- panies to the Orderly Officers (see Rations parade, page 124). Vegetables and groceries may be drawn at the same time, or if more convenient at a later hour. The Non-commissioned Officer drawing meat for the company should be held respouBible that it is at once taken I i-f • k 88 DUTIES. iili '/V to thfi cook-h()UH«;H from th the Hospital when they report sick. Fatigue men or prisoners shouM parade at this hour, and thoroughly clean the barrack yard or camp, drains, urinals, latrines, etc. At 9.30 the Commanding Officer should attend the orderly room for the disposal of prisoners and other business (see Orderly Koom parade, page 12o), At 9.30 the " Dress " for parade should sound, and at 9.50 the Staff parade should be formed and inspected by the Adjutant, to be immediately followed by the Kegimental parade at 10 (see Kegimental parade, page 118). At 11.45 the recruits, defaulters and men attending instruction drill, should parade and drill \intil 12.45, at which time the warning bugle for dinner should sound, the Orderly Officers, Orderly Corporals and men attending at the cook house, as at breakfast. The hour for dinner should be one o'clock, the Orderly Officer again visiting the messes as at breakfast, accompanied by the Kegimental Orderly Sergeant and Corporal. At 1.30 the Deiaulters parade for drill or fatigue. At 2 the rooms should be visited by the Kegimental Orderly Sergeant, to see that everything is again in order, mess utensils washed, and set in their proper places, rooms swept, etc. At 2.30 afternoon parade ; first-class men may be ex- empted from this parade. At 4 the Defaulters should again parade, and drill or work for an hour. The tea bugle should sound at 5.30, after which the Regi- mental Orderly Sergeant inspects the cook-houses to see V'h m 1 '^1 il m 1 1 ^ 'W 8i IHITIKS. that they have V>oen j)rf»i>erly cleaned, arul the tires extin- giiishetl, and after locking them, should hand over the keys and those of the wawh-liouses or ablution room to the Ser- geant of the (iuard. The guardH, guard-nxtms, prisoners' rooms, cells, hos- pital, canteen, shops, wash-houses, cook-houses, should he visited daily by one of the Orderly Otlicers. Ih'treal should l)e sounded at sundown, the Ficcjuet being then inspected by the Subalterrj of the day. Fird Post should be sounded at 9.30 p.m. Last Post at 10 p.m, when the Subaltern of the day should attend at the collection of the Tntloo rej)ort8 from the Orderly Sergeants, and again inspects the Picquet ; the Regimental Orderly Sergeant and. Corporal, and Non- commissioned Officers on fJate and Canteen duty attend this parade. The Subaltern should then remain and see lights out, attended by the Regimental Orderly Ser- geant, fifteen minutes after Last Post sounding. Between Tattoo and Reveille no bugle should be sounded, or drum beaten, with the exception of the call, "lights out," the "fire alarm," or other signal in case of a turn- out of the troops. In case of any serious disturbance taking place at any time in the vicinity of their quarters by day or night, and the "assemble" sounding, a Battalion should fall in with arms and accoutrements. In the event of fire, the "tire alarm" should be sounded (see Bugle calls). On the call. Officers and men should turn out as quickly as possible, in fatigue dress and proceed as detailed below. The Guard should turn out and remain under arms ; the Picquet fall in and proceed under the Subaltern uf the day \\n GUARDS. 85 to the tire, t<» kt-cp a clear Hjiafe. ann-cotiiniiKHir)ii<-il ( Ulicrrs <»r Holdiera should not on any account take oti' their clothes or accoutrements while on guard. No man of the guard should ever Ikj seen smoking out- side the guard room, or ap]>ear with a forage cap on, unless the guard is mounted in that order of dress, or per- mitted to change to it. No soldier should be employed in holding a horse, or in any other way unconnected with the orders of his guard. The meals of all on guard should Ix- ))rought to them, or if at too great a distance, shoulil he taken and cooked in the guard room. Should a man be taken ill on guard, a report is immedi- ately to be sent to the Orderly OlKcer, who should see that one of the waiting men is sent to relieve him at once. In case of tire or other alarm, it should be reported at once to the Orderly Oificer, and the (iuard turn out and remain under arms. When an Officer visits sentries, he should be accom- panied by a Non-commissioned Officer of the guard, and when a Non-commissioned Officer visits his sentries, he should take a man or tile of men. Guards, on being relieved, should march to their regi- mental parades and be dismissed, the Commander, if an Officer, first obtaining leave to dismiss if a senior is on the parade ; if a Non-commissioned Officer, reporting his guard to the Adjutant or (Jnlerly Officer. A Bugler should always l)e warned, and mount with the regimental irtb< hIkuiIiI iinniiUfly iiiM]K-ft priHoiifni before they are |)lac a liHt of artirU*M in tht^ guard house r«c»!ivtMl from the hiat guard ; eaeh man'H name, the nmnher of the jhifl^ on which he doeo sentry, and the hourfi iluring which he im [HiHted, BhouM he entiired in the rftiKirt ; men nhould itot he (^hanged on the several posts, except for special purposes. Anything unusual occurring during the tour of duty sh<»uld instantly be reported to the Orticer of the day, A Tommander of a guanl should be held responsible for the furniture, etc., that he takes over, and should Ik, par- ticular to inspect the several articles when taking thcin over, and to notify damages in his report. The (.'orporal should assist the ('ommander in the per- formance of his dtities, and to check all irregularities that may come under his notice ; he should post the sentries properly, ixiul see that all is correct about and near their posts, and read aiid explain the orders tt) those who cannot read. (JOARDS PAYIN(! COMPMMKNTS. Guards should be under arms at all times, when armed parties approach their posts, and stand with shouldered arms ; and if armed corps (by "armed corps" is meant a Hegiment of Cavalry, a Battery of Artillery with its guns, a Battalion of Infantry with or without colours, four Batteries of (Jarrison Artillery, or four Companies of Engineers), they present arms mu\ sound aHourish, Officers saluting ; but tiiey should not pay compliments between the sounding of the Retreat and the Reveille. Guanla need not turn out to unarmed parties. The manner in which guards turn out and pay compliments is laid down in the " Order of (iuard Mounting, etc., for the » Cauailian Militia, 1894." v 1 i, t i. GUARDS PAYING COMrLIMKNTS AND RELIKFH. 9l T(i tho (•(iV(>rniir-< tfticral, ull quants Mhi>ulUTIK8. Whenever the turning out of a guard is di8j>6n8ed with by the {lerson entitled to the compliment, the Com- mander of the guard should remain outside until he has passed. * RELIRPS. The manner of marching reliefs and posting sentries is laid in the " Order of (Juard Mounting, etc., for Canadian Militia, 1894." With a relief in single rank, the numbers should run from right to left, and as each new sentry steps out, the others should close to the right, leaving a place on the left for the last relieved sentry to occupy. ' A relief if in two ranks should stand as follows : — No. 1 right-hand man front rank covered by No. 2, No. 3 next to No. 1, covered by No. 4, and so on — f J J. As each man in succession moves out to go on sentry, the remainder of the men of the relief should move so as to bring the man for the next post on the right of the front rank, and also so as to make a vacant place for the re- lieved sentry to occupy on the left of the rear rank. A relieved sentry, when joining a relief, should move into his place round the left flank. The following is a detailed description of the manner in which men in a relief move, as alternate men move out to go on sentry : — At No. 1 Post. — No. 1 steps out to releave old sentry, his rear rank men. No. 2, steps up into the front rank and occupies his place, the remainder of the rear rank cover- ing off 24 inches to the right ; by these movements No. 2 is ready on the right of the front rank to step out at the next post, and a vacant space is left on the left of the rear rank for the relieved sentry to occupy. SENTRIES. 93 At No. 2 Poet. — No. 2 (right-hand front-rank man) steps out, and the remainder of the front rank takeo a pace of 24 inches to the right, and the first man relieved steps inUt the. front rank, at the next post No. 3 moves out, and No. 4 moves up to the front rank, the rear rank moving only to the right, thus leaving the required vacant space on the left of the rear rank for the relieved sentry, and so on. SKNTRIKS. For instructions in paying compliments and challenging see the "Order of Guard Mounting, etc., for the Canadian Militia, 1894." A sentry is a soldier placed in such a position as to be able to watch the approach of the enemy or unauthorized person, to prevent surprises, to protect property. Sentries should be placed before the arms of all guards, at the quarters of General and Commanding officers, or over any person or property to be guarded. They should be vigilant at their posts, and at all times be provided, if possible, with written or printed orders, detailing the special duty they are to discharge. "^- ' ' ' Sentries are not generally posted with their knapsacks on, these are taken off by the first relief before it is sent out, and by the remainder of the guard when turned in after mounting. Sentries should be relieved every two hours ; in very severe weather they may be relieved every hour ; but ^ sentry should not on any account leave his post until regularly relieved. In case of illness he should pass the word to the Commander of the guard, whose duty it will be to have him relieved. If a fire breaks out, or other alarm occurs, he should immediately pass the intelligence to the Commander of the guard. ^^ 94 DUTIKS. 11 I !. Sentries }M)Rted near barrack cells should not be per- mitted to communicate with prisoners, or have anything to do with their discipline. They should call the attention of the Commander of the guard to any irregularity, aijd apprise him if a prisoner desires to sec him. A sentry shouM never stand to speak to any one while on his post ; but, if spoken to, will answer civilly and walk on. If a person is doing anything contrary to the orders of his post, he should tell them to desist in a quiet and respectful tone, and if this has no effect he should call for the Commander of the guard. * Hospital sentries should not admit any person except the Surgeon, Chaplain, Officers of the corps, persons em- ployed in the Hospital, and visitors at the fixed visiting hours ; the latter should be provided with passes from the Surgeon. They should prevent liquor or any other article being carried into the Hospital without the Surgeon's per- mission, and not allow any patient to go beyond the pre- scribed boundaries without a leave ticket. They should also stop persons carrying bundles from Hospital without a pass. Sentries mounted over the quarters of a General Officer, should be instructed to pay the compliment of " presenting arms " to General Officers only ; to Officers below that rank sentries should stand with shouldered arms ; in all cases, however, they should pay the prescribed compliment to armed parties passing their posts. The sentry at the guard room door should take charge of the prisoners confined in the Prisoners' room and the arms of the guard. He should turn out the guard on the approach of armed parties or the Commanding Officer ; also to Officers of the day. A sentry should walk his beat in a smart and soldierlike ESCORTS AND PICQUETS. 9«r manner, he may stand at ease, (>pi)osite the sentry )k>x, ten minutes in each hour, or in very bad weather enter the sentry box, but not sit down there, he must not on any account give up his arms or allow them to be taken from him, neither is he to whistle, sing, or smoke. All orders to sentries should l>e given through an Officer or Non-commissioned Officer of the guard, and a sentry should never give over his orders to any one, unless in the presence of an Officer or Non-commissioned Officer of his guard. KSCORTS. OflBcere, or Non-commissioned Officers, commanding Escorts, should be held strictly responsible for their con- duct and appearance, the safe custody of their prisoners, and the security of the stores entrusted to their charge, and should invariably demand a receipt from the person to whom they deliver the same. The escort of a priso ler should, as a general rule, con- sist of one corporal and one private, and parade in tunics and undress caps, with side arms only. Great coats or cloaks may be worn when necessary, and if the escort does not return the same day, the valise should be carried. When parties of two or more prisoners are to be removed from one station to another by railway or other convey- ance, the number of privates to form the escort need not in ordinary cases exceed half the number of prisoners. Prisoners should not be marched handcuffed through the streets, unless absolutely unavoidable, and no covered conveyance can be had. The subsistence of men proceeding on detached duties should be given to the Officer, or Non-commissioned Officer, commanding the party, by whom it should he 96 nilTIKS. / iR8ueerformed, and this he can only do properly by attending in person, and seeing that those concerned are really engaged in the execution of the duty reipiired of them. He should be assisted in the i)erformance of his duties by the Subaltern of the day, who will be under his orders. He should be present at the issue of the rations to the Battalion, and see that the brea iie regularity of the messing, and the cleanliness of the men. He should make a report (Form 21) to the Commanding Officer the following morning, stating that he has per- formed his several duties, with any remarks he may think necessary, and enclose the report of the Subaltern of the day with it. Should anything extraordinary have occurred during the period of the Captain's duty, he should personally report the same to the Commanding Officer at the time, besides r-' U' i; I It / / 100 DUTIES. inuking ulliisiuii to it in his written re]M>rt. Hi* bIiouUI iu>t leave ImrruckH or caiiip (hiring hiu Umr of duty. Hhouhl there not Imj Hutticieiit ()rticer8 present with a corps to furnish both a Captain and a Hubaltern of the day, one OfKcer may Imj detailee paraded with the mess-tins containing the meals in their hands, by the Regimental Orderly Sergeant for the inspection of the Orderly Officer, five minutes before the meal hours of the Battalion. He should inspect the old Guard after it is relieved. .■' < . v He should visit the Hospital, Cells, Cook-houses and Canteen, Coffee Hoom, etc.; also the Library, School-room, Tailor's and Shoemaker's shops, and see that everywhere there is cleanlyiess, order, regularity and strict ol)8ervance of the regulations and orders. He should ascertain if the sick in Hospital or the prisoners in the cells have any pomplaint to make, and that the wards pr cells are clean 102 nuTii-ui. Ill n ' 1 ! fi l> 1 1 .';■ ' ■J* ■ . ;r • ■i ■' '-\ 1 11 1 r -^i ! ^!| <:;? i * i / and thu tnt;MHing rugtilar. At thu Canttwii lie hIioiiIiI neo the Noii-coniiiiiHNioiicMl (Mlicvr on duty, aiiriTtain if any conipIaintH havu In-fn inadt; to hini, and rt'ccivu his report aa to thu geen renioveil. At Jfrtrt-al he nhould iiiRpect thu IMc(|uet and Heu that thu men are all pruHunt and Ho)>ur ; at Tattoo hu rucoivea the reporta and again iuMpecta thu Pic<|uet. « At L'nihtH out he should aHcertain that the lights in every rwmx occupietl hy the Non-cotnniiHsioued Officers, privates, and married people, with the exception of the Sergeants' n.esH, in which gas may he burnt one hour later, havu been extinguished. He should send to thu (.'aptain of the day bufore 9 a.m. the following ilay, a written repoit (Korm 22) of the per- formance of all ordinary duties. If it be necessary to report anything extraordinary, thu report should be made verbally and at once, and also embodied in writing. ,^ If any portion of the duties be omitted, it should be distinctly so stated in the body of the report. When the omission has been unavoidable no more need be said. If otherwise, the report should be accompanied by a written explanation, to be laid before the Commanding Officer by the Captain of the day. If the Subaltern of the day should be relieved before the expiration of his tour of duty on account of illness or any other cause, he should make over his duties regularly to the Officer who relieves him ; and it is the duty of the relieving Officer to repoit that he has received over every- thing regularly. KKUIMKNTAL ORDERLY HRRGEANT. 103 He should not leave harrackii, camp or cantoninont. Should he Im) quarUiriHl out of harracki he shouM remain in <|uarters, when not actually on duty. He ahouhl remain in uniform and attfnflicer. Make out a list of defaulters (Form 24) for the Nun commiMsicmed Officers on gate and canteen duty. Visit the cook-houses a quarter of an hcmr before meal- hours, to see that the meals are being prepan <1, and parade the company Orderly Corporals and men, and murch them to the cook-houses ; visit the cook-houses after tea, and see that they are all clean .ind the tires extinguished, then lock them up and hand the keys over to the .Sergeant of the Guard. He should visit the canteen frequently, and report any irregularity ; also the Non-commissioned Officers on gate duty, and see that the names of defaulters are on the gate and canteen boards. v Make out a list of passes for the Sergeant of the Guard, and deliver the passes to the company Orderly Sergesmts. Attend when the orders are issued and shew them to the field ' and staff" oflUcers when the first mess bugle sounds. Act as Orderly to Courts Martial, Boanls and Courts of Inquiry, when no other i )rderly is detailed. Parade the Picquet at Retreat for the inspection of the Subaltern of the day, and see that the urine tubs are taken to the barrack rooms. , - v He should accompany and assist the Orderly Officer to ^ see the lights out at the proper time. He should not on any account leave the barracks during , his tour of duty. He should send a wiitten report (Form 2">) to the Ser- geant-Major, stating that he has performed his various duties. • . -i ::^ REOIMENTAL ORDERLY CORPORAL. 105 RROIMBNTAL OHDKRI.V TORPORAL. The Kegimental Orderly Cori>orar8 tour of duty ln«tH from Reveille to Hereille. He accoiiipjinies the ( 'Aptain or Subaltern of the elong, the sick reports nspecting them ; these reports should then be given to the Colour-Sergeant. He should also receive from the Surgeon the general sick report, which he takes to the orderly room. He should again visit the Hospital at Retreat and march all men discharged from hospital into barracks, delivering them over to the Orderly Ser- geants of Companies. He shouhl not, on any account, leave the barracks, or camp, except in the performance of his duty. N0N-CX>MMI8.SI0XED OFFICERS DKTAILKD FOR DEFAULTERS. The Non-commissioned Officer detailed for drilling de- faulters should para remain there, and attend to Huch other local orders, as nay be given them. Should any riot or disturbance tal i place in the canteen, the Non-commis* sioned Officer a charge should send to the u^le HouiKling for (.'ompany Onlorly .Sor^u.-intH, he hIiouM iinniediately repair to the ru^iniental paraoolc, in which is entered the names of all Non-commissioned Officers, and tlie number of men recpiired for duty, and the duties which they are for. (Form 19). COMPANY ORDERLY CORPORAL. The Company Orderly Corporal should assist the Com- pany Orderly Sergeant, and is to he present as a witnecis, when the duties are warned or roils called. His term of duty lasts one weelc, beginning on Monday. Parades the cool( and orderly men for issue of rations. Attends upon the Colour Sergeant for the ration return (Form 30) at the hour appointed for the issuing of the rations, and malces liimseif ac(j[uainted with tlie quantity and ([uaiity of the issue of l)read and meat. Should he be dissatistieil with either, he should respectfully bring it to the notice of the Orderly Officer, but this must be done, before removal from the place of issue. •. , < ^ j:. i When no contracts for delivery have been made, he should receive daily from the Colour Sergeant, the mess money, and parade the market party, consisting of the orderly men of rooms, with the cook and assistant cook, to be marched off by the Kegimental Orderly Sergeant for the purchase of groceries, vegetables, etc., for his company. The mess book should be signed daily, by the Captain of the company and the ( )rderly Corporal. Parades the defaulters and orderly men with prisoners* and guards' meals, answering to the IJegimental Orderly Sergeant, whether they are present or not, also sees that ' (. f- I: COMPANY COOKS. 113 the prisonera' cleaning necessaries are sent them with the orderly men. Parades the sick in the morning with their kite, neces- saries, etc., and hanils them over to the Regimental Orderly Sergeant. Shows the orders to the Officers of his comi)any. Receives over from the Quarter Master the company's allowance of wood on issuing days, and divides the same to the different rooms. He should also attend at the Quarter Master's store on the day appointed, and draw the weekly allowance of oil or light for his company. Attends all parades <>f his company, and does not leave the barracks except in the performance of his duty, being at all times properly dressed. COMPANY COOKS. There should be a Cook and assistant Cook for each company. The former should be changed only at long in- tervals, or for misconduct ; the latter weekly, or oftener if necessary. The Cook should be held responsible that the meals are ready to be removed from the cook-house, by the first bugle sounding. Care should bs taken by him not to have them ready, too soon ; this is as grave a fault as the meals being, too late. He should be particular in having the kettles cleaned thoroughly, both before and after the co<^kir.g of each meal. When a sufficient number of kettles can be had, one should be set apart for soups or stews, another for tea and coffee, and another for potatoes. He should pay the utmost attention to the cleanliness of the cook-house, and to his manner of cooking the rations. He should accompany the company Orderly Corporal at the issue or purchase of groceries for the company's mess- 8 id I ^i 114 DUTIK9. / ing, and \n reHj)on«iihlp, a* well an tlie Corporal, for the proper expending of the inesH money, and the articles fur- nisheil being of good (piality. The barrack utenHiU, as ejiumorated on the board of in- ventory in the cook-house, Hhmild be under his 8[)ecial charge, and on the completion of his tour of duty, should there be any deficiencies or damage, a memorandum of the game should be given by the Company < Orderly Sergeant to the ('olour Sergeant, ho that at the barrack ins{>ectiou the charges may be made against the proper individuals. The refuse of meat, Sec, should be s(dd under contract made by the Commanding Officer, the proceeds being divided among the companies, and carried to the credit of messing, or used for the purchase of white clothing for the cooks. The assistant Cook should assist the Cook to wash the potatoes, clean and cut up vegetables, carry in water, empty slops, and assist in cutting wood for cooking pur- poses. He should be in charge of the cook-house, when the Cook may be at any time temporarily absent. II 4* ORDERLY MEN OK ROOMS OR TENTS. There should be one or two (according to the number of men) Orderly men to each room or tent, their duties con- tinuing from Reveille to Reveille. Except for parade purposes, they should not leave the barracks or camp the day they are on duty. They should be held responsible for the general cleanliness, of that part of the barrack room common to all, or of their tent, also the cleanliness and completeness of the furniture and uten- sils, reporting all deficiencies and damages to the Non-com- missioned Officer in charge, as soon as they are discovered, or happen. They should carry out all slops, remove sweep* ORDRRLIRS OK KOOMH AND TFSTS. lift ings, an«l koc>|> the (|uart<*rfl at all tinu'H wull HUpplitMl with fresh water, light the tireH, an«l remove the urine tub to the place ap{Miii)te«l for it, aiul partly till it with water, within half an hour after Rvrrillf sounding. They should prepare the tallies for theditl'urent meals, attend the chmiU- house at the warning hiigle, an 1 receive from the com- pany's cook the rations for the men of their ntonis ; divide the meals into single messes, and have everything ready for their comrades to take their seats, by the time the second bugle sounds. Also be responsible that the meals of the men on guard are ready to be handed over tw those appointed to carry them, by the second bugle sounding. After meals, they should wash the dishes or mess tins, and put them away in proper order. They should attend at the place appointed for the issue of rations, and consider it their duty, if they think them not of pro|)er (quality, to bring the same respectfully to the notice of the Orderly OflBcer, thn>ugh the Company Orderly Corporal. They should take back the urine tub to the barrack room by Retreat sounding, and be held responsible that the damper of the stove (in winter time) is shut at lights out, as well as at all times during the day a watchful eye is kept upon the stove, to prevent accidents by fire. They should at- tend upon the Orderly Corporal for the allowance of light for the room, and also assist in dividing the company's allowance of wood, by rooms. Orderly men of rooms should be available for all general parades and drills. PASSAGE OR STAIRS ORDERLIES. In barracks, it is also necessary to have passage or stair orderlies warned daily, whose duty it should be to keep those parts of the barracks clean ; in camp, the same super- vision would be required for the spaces between company lines. m 116 DUTIKH. SECTION V. V DIULI.S AM) I'AKADKS. * Drill in the (litoipline of the iMxly, l»ut tcmU hIno matf^ri- ally t() ttiHcipliiu! thu iniiid, and s\» the (lisoipline of thu mind in a hiiiitlnMl foM more im))<)rtaiit to the ethciency of the soldier, the coiiHtant practice of drill, in which all ranks have to render inHtantaneous and silent ol>odienco to the commands of their superiors, is abHolutely nece«8ary. The efficiency of a Battalion is estimated in a great degree from the manner in which it drills ; if there is talking in the ranks, it is a sure sign that its discipline is of a low order. Complete silence when on parade or at drill as a matter to be particularly attended to ; no matter what, in the soldier's opinion, may be going wrong, he should keep the opinion to himself ; if he expresses it some . one is sure to answer, talking becomes general, and dis- order is thus created, that, under fire, would certainly lead to disaster. In all moments of confusion remember that the first step towards the re-establishmeut of order is the hushing of all voices. A Battalion should be practised in manoeuvres by the senior Officer present on parade, but no deviation from the established regulations should be permitted. Captains of companies should be frequently called on for this duty, and the junior Subalterns to command companies. Drill instruction should be under the charge of the Adjutant and Sergeant Major, to assist whom. Instructors may be appointed, who should do no other duty, when they can be conveniently spared from it. In order to prevent the thoroughly drilled soldier being unnecessarily harassed, a Battalion should be divided into DRILI^ AND fARADRH. 117 O thn'e clanHfH, viz., "tirnt," "HtTonil " ami "rrrrnitii". All applicatioiiH for a«lvaiicftncnt, fntin one cliuiM to aiiotlu*r ■houlil Ik; made by tliu OffictT coiniiiaiiiliii^ thu company, through the Ailjutaiit to the Coiiinmntliii^' OtKcer. The greatest exactiieHM hI»(»u1«I he re«|iiire«l from tirHi-class men ; any unsteaWineHH or awkwanlneHH in the ranks, on sentry, or walking in the street, Hhouhl auhject them to removal to a lower clasM. When a sohlier in awkward at any oxerciso or parade he should be ordered to "luHtruction drill," which Hhoidd not be held in the light of a punishment, but only as a matter of instruction ; he should not, however, on that account be exempt from guards or other duties. All men reluming to their duty from prisim, hospital, or leave, shouhl attend instruction drill, until they have picked up the lost practice. Servants, tailors, shoemakers, etc., should attend one drill, by themselves, once a week. When circumstances permit, the Non-commissioned Officers should be practised by the Adjutant in the duties of Markers, Commanders of guards, reliefs, etc. When the weather does not allow of the Non-commis- sioned Officers being exercised outside, they should be assembled at the orderly room, for the purpose of being questioned by the Adjutant on difl'erent subjects connected with drill and interior economy, and the duties they have to perform on guaril, picquet, etc. Officers and Non-commissioned Officers should take care under all circumstances of parade, that the same exactness, which is insisted on in the drill squad, as to position, smartness, silence and steadiness, is ever to be maintained. They should bear in mind that, if the soldier is permitted to indulge under their eye an idle and slovenly habit in 118 DUTIRS. the raiikH, i\v: )»eHt exertiouH of the Drill Sorgeants will nfever acc()inj»li«h the end required ; and the instruction of the men will never have any termination ; for, even with the oldest Holdier, liiH labour must, in some cases, be re- Munied, and rendered alm(»8t per{)etual. No Non-commissioned Ollicer or soldier should l)e allowed out of barracks, before the forenoon parade is dismissed, or on days when there is no parade, before 11 a.m., except on duty. FURMINt; .STAFF AND KBCIMRNTAL PAKAOKS. A simple moile of forming parade is as follows : ten minutes to the hour named for the parade, the "Non-com- missioned Officers' call " should be sounded for the Staff parade, which all Sergeants, Corporals, Band, Buglers, and Drummers attend, also Staff Sergeants, when for parade. The parade should be formed in column of comjianies, the Band and liuglers being in front, in a manner similar to that described below ; and after the rolls are called, should be "formed" into line by the Sergeant-Major, the ranks opened and in8})ected by the Adjutant or Orderly Officer and di.smissed. The Buglers, who, immediately after the Staff parade should fall in at twenty paces, from the centre of ohe direct- ing flank of the parade ground, facing the column, will then sound for " Orderly Sergeants." The Orderly Sergeants should fall in, on the directing flank at the "Shoulder," under the charge of the Sergeant- Major, who, after dressing them, gives the command, "Number," then, "Column from No. 1," "Outwards Turn," "Quick march." The Sergeants turn outward and move off to their respective distances, and take up their covering with arms at the "Recover. " When covered, the Sergeant-Major gives the word, " Steatly," when they RK(;IMKNTAL PAUADB? 119 "Shoul.ler. " HuKlurM should then souiul the "Kail in," when the men move smartly ami (juietly on to the para«le grouml with arms, at the ''Shoulder," and fall in, on the right of their Onk-rly Sergeants, with anus at the "order" and intervals (»f two pjvces between sections. The lUnd should fall in ten paces from the reverse Hank of the lea»ling company of the rear half Battalion, in line with it, and, if the parade he formed in the open air, they should play during the inspection of companies. The Sergeant- Major should then give the command, "Call your rolls," when the Company Orderly Sergeants move to the front of their companies and call their rolls, reporting to the senior Non-Commissioned Officer, who then prepares the company for inspection as per Infantry Drill, 1898, I'art II, Sec. 60. The "Officers'' call" should now sound, and senior Non-commissioned Officers report their companies present or otherwise to the senior Officer of the company, who will then inspect their companies as laid down in the "Infantry Drill," 181»3, Part II, Sec. 60. The companies being inspected, the "close" should sound and sections be closed on the left and proved, as per Infantry Drill, 1893, Part II., Sec. GO. Companies should not be sized nor equalized, except for purposes of "Ceremonial." Whilst the companies are being proved, the Adjutant should call out the left markers of companies, who mark with arms at the " Recover " where the left of their re- spective companies will rest "in column V)y the left;" the marker of the leading company placing himself wherever he is directed ; the remainder covering on him. The Adjutant then gives the word "Steady," the mark- ers come to the " Shoulder," and are allowed to stand at ease, if the companies are not ready to march upon them. 11 120 DUTIES. / r The "Advance" should now be Hounded, on which the Officers draw sM'ords, and fall in with their companies, marching them with arms at the ''Shoulder" to their respective marke J«, who coma to attention, shoulder, and then fall to the rear on the words ' ' Eyes front " from the left guides, who should dress their companies from the left. Each Captain should now order his company to '* order arms" and " stand-at-ease. " The Adjutant should then report the parade as ready, the Commanding Officer takes command, and calls the parade to attention, ordering the reports to be collected. The Adjutant rides down the directing flank of the column, and each Captain should report his company present or otherwise, as he passes. The Adjutant makes bis report to Commanding OfHcer, and places himself iu his proper place in column. The collection of parade states (Form 28) should be made by the Sergeant-major from the Company Orderly Sergeants, on the reverse flank of the parade on the "Advance" sounding, and by him sent at once to the orderly room. The parade state should be signed by the senior Officer of the company present on parade, who should never affix his signature to it without having previously made himself •acquainted with the correctness of the statements, and thereby enabling him to answer any question the Com- manding Officer may put to him respecting the distribution of his men. On Sundays a Church parade 'jtate is required (Form 31). At inspections a Field state (Form 32) should be handed to the Inspecting Officer by the Commanding Officer imme- diately after the salute has been given. f GUARD AND t>IC of forniing para<1c is for companion to lie inspected by their Officers, on their private parades, and proceed to their places in battalion on the "Advance" sounding. Officers should consider exactness of time at all parades and posts of assembly as an assential principle of military duty. They should understand that the warning bugle is for them as much as for the men. Officers should not collect in groups or leave their com- panies on parade. It should be the particular duty of the Majors to see that these orders are attended to. On all extraordinary occasions the orderly bugler should sound the regimental call followed by the *' Assemble, " or for fire the '* Fire Alarm." These imply the necessity of the utmost haste, when the whole should fall in by com- panies, as rapidly as possible ; ten minutes should be enough at any hour, day or night, from the first sounding of the call for a Battalion to be formed, that is, when in barracks or camp. GUARD AND PICQUET PARADES. Guards and Picquets should fall in on the regimental parade ground, for the inspection uf the Adjutant previous to marching to their respective posts. Picquets parade in ** Field day order," unless required to join the Battalion, in which case they appear in the order of dress named for the Battalion; Guards in "Marching order," without mess tins, which are left with their messes for the meals to be sent to them in, unless their food is taken and cooked on guard. The men should fall in by companies in column by the left, on their Company Orderly Sergeants, who inspect them and ascertain that all warned are present ; at the i I i^ ( I 5 <■ '*\ V 122 DITIKS. li! / saino tiiiiu the* Noii-coiiiiiiiHHioiie8t is three ; thus, for a guard with five posts, fifteen privates would he recjuired. TA'fTOO PA K A DR. On L(mt Pout sounding, the R«'giniental Orderly Ser- geant should parade the various Orderly Non-commis- sioned Officers in " lino " as follows : Commencing with the Orderly Sergeant of A Company on the right, to the last company in tlie l^ttalion, Non- commissioned Officers on (rate and C'anteen rte«l to the Sergeant Major on thJH parade, and rectified. RATION PARADE. ^^ On the " Ration" hugle Hounding, the Regimental Order- ly Sergeant Hhould parade the ( 'ompany Orderly Corporals, Orderly men and (Jooks of companies, "in column by the left," collect the reports " present or otherwise," and march them to the place of issue, reporting to the Orderly Officer present or otherwise. At the place of issue the Quarter Master Sergeant should call the companies in turns, (varying them each day) each Orderly Corporal bringing up his room siiuads in succession to be served ; if any objeotien to either weight or quality of the ration it must be made before removal. As each company is served it should be marched by its Orderly Corporal to the cook house and the rations handed over to the cook. The Orderly men of each squad should know the exact quantity they are entitled to. SICK PARADE. At the hour named the Oiderly Corporals of companies should fall in on the regimental parade in "column by the left " with the sick of their respective companies, reporting to the Regimental Orderly Sergeant, who collects the company sick reports and kit inventories, and then turns the parade over, with the reports and inventories to the Regimental Orderly Corporal or Non-commissioned Officer detailed for the duty, to be marched to Hospital for ex- amination by the Surgeon ; delivering to the Hospit&l Sergeant the reports and inventories. On receiving from the Surgeon his report upon each man, the Kegimental Orderly Corporal should return to SICK AND MUBTRR PARADES. 125 the barracks and hand the reports hai^k to the ( onipany Orderly Sergeants, together with any men that may not have been found autKoiently ill to l>e admitte^4 126 DUTIES. »'K in M / iij \ ti'i '. ii ! (IresH as he eiiterf* ; the whole party Htanding \n line opposite the (commanding Officer, the prisoner next or between his escort. '*• The Adjutant should read the ciime report and the Com- manding OfHcer then calls the lirst evidence by rank and name who says, "Sir, I was Coni|;any Ore either (lis* inJHHed or marched otF a grouiitl, without |>enniflMion lieiiig Hrat obtained liy the |K;rHon in eonmiand thereof, of the Mcnior Officer prcHcnt, without respect to the branch of the service to whicli such senior Othcer may t)elong. I>RAWIN(I SWORDS OS PARAUK. Swords Hhould not be drawn in a slovenly manner, but according to the instructions laid down in the "Infantry Sword Exercise." All Officers, except as below specified, should draw theii swords on paraAKAI)K. 129 No hHttalinn, uxcrpt wlieii c»nK'n'«l to Ihi- t'<»iitrary, .im when tilt; hiiiwU are I>ri){n4leu pu))liMhe«l in onlvni, nml Rtrictly adhered to until otfioinlly changed. While a I^ttalion in jiarading in the ojhmi air, the hand should hegit) play after the "Othoers' call" hoa sounded, and continue during the in8{>cction of companies. When marching out, the Sergeant Drummer should Ikj attentive to keep the hand at the proper distance from the head of the Battalion (twelve paces), and to accomnuMlate the length of pace to that of the Sergeant- Major, who, marching at the head of the corps, regulat«!8 the length of pace of all. When there is no Advanced (luard, the Sergeant Drum- mer or Pioneer Sergeant should he informed of the route to be followed. No band, when marching by itself and unaccompanied by troops, should play. When a BrigaakiiiK t^* a ariiiH of Iuh own niiiipaiiy. Thti hattaliini, for tluH {)ur|Mmu, iic-ing formed in column. Kach ( 'aptain hIiouI«1 report to the Major of hiit half- battalion, that all t\w arniH of hiH company arc unhiatlud, and the Majoru then report to the Conimanding Officer. When arniH, etc., arc to he exannm-d hy the ln8|H>cting Officer, the cor]»H Hhoultl form column, and proceed as in Part II., Sec. m, Infantry Drill, \SiKi. . 8ALUTE.S, (OMI'LIMKMS, EH'. By the peculiar organization of the Militia Force, it may fre<|uently occur that Orticer.s have n-lativcH and personal friends serving aa Non-commissioneil OfHceiH, privates, etc. Whatever may he the relati(»nH existing between Officers, Non-connni88i(med ( Mliccrs and men in private life, it Hhould be distinctly understootl and appreciated by all concerned, that WHE.v IN UNIFORM the relative military poHitions of the parties shoidd — in the interests of iliscipline and example- be strictly maintained, and the customary observances of the service from subordinate towards superior in all re- spects carried out. On the other hand, Olficers should be most careful to return the salute of every soldier, not by merely a jerk of the finger or stick, but by carrying the hand to the head- dress. Non-commissioned Oflicers and men answering the Ser- geant-Major address him as "Sir." A soldier desirous of speaking to an Officer should be accompanied by a Non-commissioned OtKcer. u m h~ 1.1-2 t)UTIES. Noii-c(>iiiiiiiHHi()ii(:we from your mouth. It is not usual for working parties or men engaged in fatigue duty to ccse their work in order to salute an ( Jflicer, who hapijens to pass, but if atldresseil by an Officer, a soldier so employed should cease his work and salute in the proper manner, and in any case the Non-commissioned ( ►tlicer in charge should salute. If an Office, enters a room or a tent, any Non-commissioned Officer present, or the man who first sees the Officer, should call out "attention," the whole assuming that position till the Officer leaves. The senior of two or more Officers only should return a salute, nor does an Officer with his swoi-d drawn return a salute. When a salute at reviews is given, all ( Jfficers on the ground in uniform as spectators should turn toward the saluting point and salute with the right hand. Officers attending reviews in uniform as spectators, dur- ing the march past, should place themselves in rear of the saluting point. At all inspections or reviews a " General salute " should only be given to such Officers tis are by regulations entitled to the compliment ; other Officers will be received at the "Shoulder." ; nr' When a corps is inspected in line, the Commanding Officer only accompanies the Inspecting Officer down the ranks. The manner in which compliments are paid and returned by armed and unarmed parties is laid down in the "Order ,of Ouard Mounting for the Canadian Militia, 1894." Officers should salute with the hand, all meml>ers of the Koyal Family, all General Officers, Governors and Com- I ! I i I i I I 134 DUTIKS. mandantH of placeB, their own Commanding Officers, the corpKe at all military funerals, and the Colours of Corj*. When any Ollicer makcH a rejjort or delivers an official message to another, he salutes. Officers in uniform meeting one another should salute as they pass, the juniors saluting first. All Officers, whether in uniform or not, salute, or raise their hats, if in plain clothes, to all (ieneral Officers and their Commanding Officer. Officers in uniform, when bowing to an acquaintance, should never raise their head-dress from their heads. Mounted Officers in the field or otherwise, Avhen passing Koyalty, a (ieneral (or any Officer acting as such), at a trot or gallop, should rein up to a walk and salute ; after pass- ing, the original pace may be resumetl. The above is not, however, applicable to Staff Officers when actually engaged in carrying an order ; at such times the salute should be given without checking the pace, l A Non-commissioned Officer in charge of a party should, on meeting an Officer, pay him the prescribed compliment. When a General Officer visits the men at their meals, on "attention" being called they should stand up, until directed to the contrary. When visited by any other Officer, they sit at attention. At any other time no soldier is ever to be oflF the position of attention, or to continue bitting when met or visited in his quarters by an Officer ; nor should any soldier continue talking or cleaning his arms or accoutrements while an Officer is present, until directed to the contrary. t ' K- PAKT HI. DISCIPLIN E. Discipline means olicdience to oiulers, which ia the first principle an«l «luty of all soMiers. The best disciplined soldier is he who most implicitly olieys, not only in the letter, but in the spirit, all orders which he may receive. Without discipline there can be no real l)ond of confidence between OtScers and men, or even between men themselves, and without it no great results can ever be attained. I I8C'irLlNE. to, until a rcixititioti of the; otfunce Hhall have shown that the milder treatment has not Iwen productive <»f the desired effect. (Commanding Officers ah uld use their utmost vigilance to prevent OHiciers, Non-commissioned OHicers or men, publishing information relative t(» the numbers, movements, or operati(»n8 of troops, or any military .letails ; nor should they p'irniit any letters of eoni])laint to be published, or memorials or retjuisitions to be matle without their consent. Any Officer or soMier should be held personally res[)onsible for reports of this kind whicli he may make without special permission, or for placing the information beyond his con- trol, so that it finds its way into unauthorized hands. Ofti- cers and soldiers should be forbidden to give publicity to their individual opinions, in any manner tending to prejudge questions, that may at the time be undergoing official in- vestigation by the authorities. No assemblage of Officers, Non-commissioned Officers or men, should ever take place for the purpose of deliberat- ing on any military matter, without the consent of the Commaudiug Officer. Neither Officers nor men shouM be permitted to take part in any ppUtical, religious, or party demonstration. Officers should avoid reproving Non-con^missioned Offi- ,cers for any irregularity, neglect <)f duty, Qr awkwardness, in the presence or hearing of the privates, lest they should weaken their authority and lessen their self-respect — unless it be necessary for the benefit of example that the repropf be public. ... -V .1 ♦ COURTS MARTIAL. 137 II" SECTION I. COURTS MARTIAL, COURTS ()F INQUIRY AND BOARDS. The regulations for the oompottition of Militia Courts Martial, Courts of IiKjuiry, and Hoards, with the modes of procedure and powers thereof, are the same as the regulations which may at the time be in force for Her Majesty's regular army, and which are not inconsistent with the Militia Act. f'OURTS MARTIAL. By the Army Act the degrees of Courts Martial are classed thus : — 1. General. 2. District. 3. Regimental. 4. Field General. 5. Summary. Ordinary. \ Exceptional. A General Court Martial can only be convened by Her Majesty, or by an Officer holding a warrant from Her Majesty, or by an Officer to whom power has been dele- gated by warrant from the Officer originally given authority by Her Majesty. It should not in (Canada consist of less than five Officers. Each of the members must have held a commission during the three years preceding the day of assembly of the Court Martial, and none of the members should be below the rank of Captain, and all of e(iual, if not superior, rank to the prisoner, unless Officers of such rank are not available. It has power to sentence to death, penal servitude, dismissal, discharge with ignominy, im- i i ' prJHoimient, Huininary puniHhnicnt, etc. In case of gentcncn of death, the concurrence of at least two-titiriU of the niem))erH nuint be olitained. A DiHtrict ('ourt Martial can only he convened by an Officer autiiorized to convene ( ieneral Courts Martial, or by an Officer deriving authority to do ho from him. It should not in ( 'anada consist of less than three OfKcers, each of wlumi must have held a commission for two years, it has not power to try an ( Officer, nor award the punishment of death or penal servitude, its limit l)eing impriso^^ment with or without hard labour for a period not exceeding two years, forfeiture of yood conduct, or deferred pay, discharge with ignominy, or reduction. lioth of the above Courts should ]> composed of Officers of different corps, and not exclusively of Officers of the same c(Hi>8, unless the Convening Officer states in the order convening the (Jourt that in his opinion other Officers (having due regard to the public service) are not available. A liegi mental Court Martial may be convened by any Officer authorized to convene General or District Courts .Martial, or any Commanding Officer not below the rank of Captain, or on board a ship a Commanding Officer of any rank. It should consist of not less than three Officers, each of whom must have held a commission for not less than one year, the President not being under the rank of Captain if possible. It cannot try an Officer, nor award death, penal servitude, or discharge with ignominy, its limits being forty-two days' imprisonment, reduction, fine for drunkenness up to $4.86, or stoppages to make good damage or losses, etc. ^ , , A Field (leneral Court Martial is for the trial of offenders against the property or person of inhabitants or residents of a country beyond the seas, which cannot practicably be COURTS MARTIAL. 139 trie«l hy au onlinary (ieneral ( V»urt Martial, ami may hv convened by the < MHeer in coninianil of the tU'taohinent or |>ortion of tr.s to which the offender hflon]|;«, although he may not be authorized to convene any other kind of Court Martial. It Hhould conHigt of not Ichh than three members, and the convening <)ffi<;er may preside if he can- not obtain another, but ho should not, if practicable, l)e UDd<,>r tlic .uiik of Captain. Its }xjwen) are those of a (Jeneral Court Martial. A Summary Court Martial is for the trial of offences committed on active service, which cannot Imj tried, with due regard to the public service, by the ordinary Courts ; and can be convened by a Commanding Officer, or, when delay is not practicable, by any Officer in immediate com- mand of troops. It should consist of three Officers, but if that number be not available, then two may be appointed. The convening Officer may appoint himself President, if there are not sufficient Officers available. The President should, if possible, be of the rank of Captain, and the members of at least three years' service, but in no case less than one. A Summary Court composed of three Officers has the same powers of punishment as a General Court Martial ; but a Court composed of only two cannot exceed the powers of a District Court Martial. The following are debarred from being members of any Court Martial in Canada for the trial of a militiaman : an Officer of Her Majesty's army upon full pay, the convening Officer the prosecutor or witness for the prosecution, the prisoner's Commanding Officer, or the Officer who investi- gated the charges on which a prisoner is arraigned, or was a member of a Court of Inquiry respecting the charges against him, or has a personal interest in the case, save in the case of Field Geuerj^ and Summary Courts Martial, t fi' 140 DISCIPLINE. i when only tlie proHt-cutor, I'rovost Marnlial, witneHs for proHccution, or one who has a |>cr8onal interest in the case are incligihlu. , All members of a ('ourt Martial must be subject to military law. The rules of proceilure are similar in all classes of Courts Martial, except in that of a Summary (y'ourt Martial, for which special rules are preacribed. Any jHjrson refjuired to give evidence before a Court Martial, may be summoned or ordered to attend, and if such person not being enrolled in the Active Militia shall after payment or tender of reasonable expenses, make de- fault in attending ; or if in attendance as a witness, refuses to take the oath or affirmation legally reijuired by a Court Martial ; or refuses to answer any (question, or produce any document legally required ; or is guilty of any con- tempt towards the Court Martial ; may, on the certificate of the President of the Court Martial to a Judge of any court of law in the locality, be punished if found guilty, in the same manner as if the otl'ence had been committed in a civil court. The following offences are by the Militia Act made specially liable for trial and punishment by Court Martial. An Officer who shall knowingly claim pay, on account of drills performed M'ith his corps, for any man belonging to another corps, or who shall include in any parade state or other return, any man not duly enrolled and attested as a Militiaman. An Oflficer or Non-commissioned Officer who obtains under false pretences, or retains or keeps in his possession with intent to apply to his own use or benefit, any of the pay or moneys belonging to an Officer or man of any corps, or who may sign a false parade state, roll, return, or pay? list, or makes a false affidavit or declaration. COURTS OK INQUIKY AND HOARDS. Ul tiiegs for i the case bject to ar in all luminary bed. a Court I, and if tia shall lake de- ll refuses a Court produce ny con- ittificate i of any guilty, nmitted made Partial, ouut of ging to tate or >ed as a obtains session of the corps, }T payr Any N(»n-«'e tried and con- victed by C'ourt Martial within six mouths alter his resig- nation or discharge from the same ; or for the crime of desertion at any time, without reference to the period which may have elapsed since his desertion. Absence without leave over seven days, when called out for active service, constitutes desertion. COURTS OK INQCIIKV AND HOARns. A Court of Incpiiry may be a88end)led by any ( )fficer in command, to assist him in arriving at a correct conclusion on any subject on which it may be expedient for him to be thoroughly informed. With this object in view, such Court may be directed to investigate and report upon any matters that may be })rought befo'.e it, or give an opinion on any point not involving the conduct of any Officer or soldier ; but it hsis no power (except when convened to record the illegal absence of soldiers, as provided for in the Army Act,) to administer an oath, nor to comiHjl the attendance of witnesses not military. A Court of Inquiry should not be considered in any light JOA a judicial body. It may be employed, at the discretion ill] m \ ■ 142 MSdPMSK. of tlir cuiivfiiiii^' OffuMT, t<) cOWKkS or (OMMANl)IN(i OKFUKR. 143 isist of Courts 1 le con- Kflativv rank iI«k'H not entitle an OMicer to the |>rt>Mi< (lency of a ('<>urt of Impiiry or Hoanl, hut lie in legally ({ualitied it a]>i>oint«;en4 cannot agree on an opinion collectively, any dissenting nien)l>er shouM Htatt' in writing the nature aiul extent of the 3. Boards differ only from Courts of Incpiiry in as far that the objects for which they are assembled should not involve any point of discipline. They will follow so far as may be convenient the Rules for Courts of Incjuiry, but are in no way l)ound by them. A Cimmanding Officer may assemble a Regimental Board t> assist him with its opinion uptm the condition of stores, but no Regimental Board can coiulemn them, a District or (rarrison Board is the only one that can do so. In the case of a Regimental Board ordered upon rations reported by the Orderly Officer as unfit for issue, they may be condemned, and an equal ((uantity purchased else- where and charged to the contractor. f'4. • Hi ii\ SECTION II POWERS OF A COMMANDING OFFICER. Commanding Officers are invested with power of summary punishment in cases of a not sufficiently serious nature to demand trial by Court Martial. The decision in each case is invariably to be written down by the Commanding Officer himself on the guard report before the prisoner ^1 ■|| 'fl 144 DIHCIPLINK. ! 11 l(!avointment to revert to h'xn i>crmanent grade, hut cannot award other puninhment in athlition. In c:i.se of a Holdier, a Commanding Officer may (subject to the flohlier'a right to elect. previouM to the award, to fie tri«'8ence without leave, the impriHonment, with or with(mt hard laUmr, may l>e extended from \t\H hours to twenty-one days, provided the term, if exceeding seven days, does not exceed the number of days of absence. l)e[)rivation of pay for absence without leave not exceed- ing five days (absence over six hours either wh«dly in one day or partly in one and partly in another counts as a day), which may be combined with imprisonment or confinement to barracks. Over live (lays' absence, pay is forfeited by Itoyal warrant, and therefore dejirivation of pay need not form part of the .award (see " I*ay," page 4.3.) Fines for drunkenness not exceeding $2.44, according to a certain scale laid down (see " Hay," page 43) in addition to or without continement to barracks. Imprisonment may be added to tines, but oidy in case the offence is triable by Court Martial or unless the total of unpaid tinea amounts to $4.8() or more. A Commanding Officer may also award the following minor puniahments, the soldiers having no right to claim FUWKIUi UK t'OMMANUlNU umCKK. U5 trial hy (.\nirt Martial tUMtuatI o( Ix-iiig dealt with ^uin- inarily. CotitiiuMiivnt to WarrackM for a iK-ritMl not exc<}«(liit){ tweiity-ui^ht and other roll-calls, overstaying a pass, or slight irregularities in quarters, not exceeding seven days' continement to bar- racks or camp ; such punishments in all instances to l>e brought under the notice of the Commanding Officer, sub- ject to any revision he may think it desirable to order. In the case of Officers of less than three years' service he may limit this power of award to three days confinement to barracks. By the Militia Act the oflFences enumerated below are ma^le punishable by Civil Law upon the complaint of the Commanding Officer or Adjutant of a Battalion, or, in the case of rural companies, the Captain ; or the General Officer 10 , t 1 l,"' «'ll 146 DISCIPLINE. commanding the Militia may authorize any Officer to make the complaint in his name. I'rosecutionH caimot however be made later than six months aftor the comniiKsion of the offence, unless it be for unlawful buying, selling or having in possession arms, accoutrements or other articles issued to the Militia, or for desertion. , ,, Persons refusing tn give information, or giving false information to an Othuer or Non-eommissione, on- [U8- ion« •son iher or ung the or if a ith- Irade Iwho tern- 110, knee, Any iHjraon who interrupts or hinileni the Militia at drill or trespasses upon the )k)UIu1s set out by the ( >tlicer in command of such drill, is subject to arrest and deten- tion during the drill and a {Kinalty of ;$o. An Officer, Non-commissioned Officer or man di8ol)eying any lawful order of his superior Officer, or guilty of insolent or disorderly behaviour towards such Officer, a penalty, if an Officer, of $20, if a Non-commissioned Officer or man $10 for each offence. Any Non-commissioned Officer or man who fails to keep in proper order, the arms, accoutrements or clothing en- trusted to him, or appears at drill or parade with them out of proper order, deficient, or unserviceable, a i)enalty of $4 for each* offence. Any person who unlawfully disposes of, or receives arms, accoutrements or clothing, belonging to the Crown or a corps, or refuses to give up the same when n^uireed, or has them in his possession for unlawful use, a penalty of $20 for each offence. An Officer, Non-commissioned Officer or man who, when his corps is lawfully called upon to act in aid of the civil power refuses or neglects to go out with such corps, or to obey the lawful order of his superior officer, a penalty, if an Officer, not exceeding $100, if* a Non-commissioned Officer or man not exceeding $20 for each offence. Any person who resists any draft of men enrolled, or counsels or aids any one "iO resist such draft, or persuades any enlisted man to desert, or aids or assists him to do so, or assists in his concealment or rescue, imprisonment with or without hard labour, for a term not exceeding six months. i ,-.<,<- y It / , I f : 148 DISCIPLINE. SECTION III. PRISON EKS. ^ Military custody in the case of a private Holdier (not under sentence) means contineinent under charge of a guard, picquet, patrol, sentry or of a provost marshal. The accommodation usually available in permanent bar- racks for detention of soldiers confined under charge of a guard is : = r Ist. The Pruiouers' Boom. — The room attached to a guard room for the temporary detentie necessary to proceed with the cjtHe, and report it to 8ut>erior authority. If he prefers charges against an ( Jtlicer, he will invnriahly place him under arrest. When an Otficer is placed in arrest, Mie Commanding Officer will invariably report the case without unnecessary delay to the General or other Officer commanding the district or station, whether tha Officer shall have been subsequently released from arrest or not. An Officer who has been placed in arrest, has no right to J li ind a Court-Martial upon himself, or after he shall i.jtve been released by proper authority,, to persist in con- sidering himself under the restraint of such arreat, or to refuse to return to the performance of hin duty. An Officer who conceives himself to have been wrongfully put in arrest, or otherwise aggrieved, is not without remedy ; provision is made for that purpose in the Army Act, sec- tion 42, and he can prefer a complaint in a proper manner through the proper channel (see " Complaints," p. 159.) When it is necessary to confine a Non-commissioned Officer for an offence, he should be placed under m^eM, and not sent as a prisoner to theguanl-room, except in the case of an offence of a very serious nature ; nor should a Non- commissioned Officer be allowed to escape trial by Court Martial by resigning, unless by the special sanction of the (leneral Officer commanding. Private soldiers charged with a serious offence should be confined at the time of the commission or discovery of the offence, but in the case of minor ojf'enres, should not be lodged in the guard-room before their cases are disposed of, 'Ml r> 150 DISCI PLmE. iiu ■ ))ut may ho allnwrd t<> procoetl t<» their rof>m8, aiul a report iiiutie to ihv ntli«.'er coiniiiaiKling their cumpany. They Hhouhl not, liowever, he allowed out of their (luartera until their ca8e8 have )>ecn di8]>osee detiiiled for any duty. Notice of a man's heing confined should at once be re- ported to the Orderly Sergeant of his company, either ver- bally or in writing, stating the nature of the crime and the names of the evimmanding Officer. When a Non-commissioned Officer has occasion to con- fine a soldier for any offence, he should invariably obtain the assistance of one or more privates to conduct the offender to the guard -room, and should himself avoid in any way coming in contact with him — expept under unavoidable circumstances. The practice of sending a file of the guard to take a prisoner from his quarters to the guard room should not be resorted to, except when there are no other men nearer at hand available for th« purpose. Except in cases of personal violence, or when on escort or other detached duties, Lance Corporals should not con- - "Kr t>RtS0NER8. 151 Hue men, hut r< jjort the otiencc t<» the C'<>ii){>any Orderly •Sergeant. There is no c:use in which Otficers ghould he more par- ticular in their treatment of men than when under the influence of li<[uor. Men observed in a atate of drunken- ness should be immediately confined. Soldiers in a state of drunkenness should, if possible, be contined alone in the prisoners' room or cells until sober- not in the guard-room, where they may be often provoked to acts of violence and insubordination ; they should be visited at least every two hours by a Non-commissioned Officer of the guard and an escort, in order that their con- dition may be ascertained. Should any symptoms of serious illness be observed, a Medical Officer is forthwith to be sent for. Soldiers suspected of being drunk should not be put through any drill exercise or otherwise tested, for the purpose of ascertaining their condition. Twenty-four hours should elapse before a soldier charged with drunkenness is brought before his Commanding Officer, in order that he may be perfectly sober. Guard room cells are for the temporary custody of prison- ers, who should be kept alone. When a sohiier is confined for being drunk or riotous, he should be conveyed direct to the cells, the Non-commissioned Officer of the guard being called to receive him in charge. The cells should be cleaned out by the prisoners every morning. When a soldier, either before the investigation of an oflFence or whilst undergoing punishment, has been deprived of his arms, they should not be restored to him without an order from the Captain of his company or other superior Officer. No Non-commissioned Officer or soldier who has been placed in arrest or confinement should be permitted to per* i^ 'i • »y 152 bTSClPLlNU. V I i ! / form any He)>8€'rveil Ity < (tticnrM and others, whilst tlir < 'oiiiiitiiii(ling Otfieer is adiniiiiMtering jtrntice in the onlerly rtM)ni. When a Nnn-cdinniiMioneU ( >rticur is brought as a prisoner before the (yomnianding Officer, men of inferior rank to him should with of hciMing, up to the time of the promulgation of their (tentence or ac(|uitta]. PriHoners in continenient pending encjuiry, should he allowed the use of bedding if their detention exceeda two dayn. In severe weather prisonera may Ik; allowetl such Insilding as may be necessary. SECTION IV. PROVOST HK(iULATIONS. Provost prisons, M'hether garrison or regimental are in- tended for the confinement of soldiers summarily awarded impriHonmeut by authority of the Commanding Officer, and for carrying into eti'ect the sentences of imprisonment by Courts-Martial, for periods not exceeding 42 days. Soldiers under longer sentences of Courts-Martial may also be committed to a provost prison i>ending removal to a public prison, civil or military, if their commitment to a public ])rison cannot be immediately carried into effect. The immediate control and supervision of provost prisons should be under the Officer commanding the station or corps to which the prison is appropriated, and in charge of a Sergeant specially selected with a view to his fitness for the office, who should be responsible for the custody and proper subsistence of the prisoners. . Provost prisons should be inspected, and each prisoner visited daily by the Orderly Officer and Surgeon, reports of which are to be made to the Commanding Officer. Prisoners should be committed to, and released after the regular dinner hour and before dark, and specially ex- amined by a Surgeon before commitment, who will furnish / PROVOST BfiGULATlONS. 155 a certiHcat*? .ih to their stnte «»f hc.ilth, n-portiiif? any (Us- ability likely t«» prevent or int^-rfere with the executiou of the puniahineut awarded, or any part thereof. Every prisoner on adniiHHion nhoiild Iw strictly searched and re<(uired to give np everything in his poHsesHion, the hair of all those contined for more than seven days sluuild be closely cut. Prisoners' labour should consist of sawing wood, cleaning yards, latrines, etc., repairing roads and such other modes of employment as the Commanding Officer may approve ; when deemed expedient "knapsack" drill may be sub- stituted. » - The following should be the distribution of time : "' Sumvier. — 5.. SO to a.m., rise, dress, air and clean cells ; 6 to 8 labor ; 8 to 9 breakfast and make up beds ; 9 to 12.30 labour ; 12.30 to 2 dinner ; 2 to 5 labor ; .') to (J. 30 tea ; U 30 to 8 labor. Winter. — Rise at 7 a.m., and lights out at 9 p.m., after- noon labor ceasing at dark, otherwise the same routine as in summer. On Sundays the prisoners should attend Divine Service and the cleaning of cells be restricted to what is actually necessary. Christmas day and Good Friday should l)e observed as Sundays. Irregularities or minor breaches of discipline, while under imprisonment should be reported to the Command- ing Officer, who may by written direction t<) the Provost Sergeant order a prisoner to be put on " punishment diet" for any period not exceeding 72 hours. In case of violence or urgent and absolute necessity, the Commanding Officer may by an order in writing, direct a prisoner to be placed in handcuffs, the order will specify :^i ' )* if pi i*4 5'a 150 DlsriPMNR. the cause tliat ^ave riw! t« it, and tlie Hiiration of the re». straint. All offuncen and nature of puninhnient awark, if 8|)eoially ordered by the Ooinnianding Officer. PriHonerH comnntted for periods not exceeding seven days Hliould l)e provided with great coats, together with single blanket or rug, those for longer periods should after the first week be allowed their bedding, Iwing deprived of it however every third night. The articles in each prisoner's hohl-all should be removed from his cell every night, and the use of tobacco in any form or of spirituous licpiors denied him. Prisoners should be allowed a fiible and prayer book of the denomination to which he belongs, together with such other books as may be recommended by a Chaplain and sanctioned by the Commanding Officer. In the event of prison clothing not being supplied, the prisoners should wear their uniform, fatigue dress being worn on week days and tunics on Sunday, whenever pos- sible, part worn great coats should be issued to prisoners. Every prisoner should be made to wash himself at least once a day, shave eing employed in drill, fatigue, and other dutieH Himilar in kind and amount to thoHe they might }>e called on to perform if not under detention. Aa these men will not receive the ordinary cells «liet, they will bti shown separately in the cells provisiou accounts. PROVO.ST SKROEANT. The Provost Sergeant should exercise his authority with firmness, temper, and humanity ; to abstain from all irri- tating language, and on no account to strike, or otherwise ill-treat a prisoner. He should aee the prisoners fre<[uently and at uncertain times during the day ; but is not to hold, or to permit his assistants to hold any unnecessary communication with them. He should not permit any person to visit the prisoners, except by the special authority of the Command- ing Officer. ' '*?' He should report to the Surgeon at his regular visits, the case of any prisoner who may appear to be out of health, and to report immediately any case of sudden or serious illness. He should superintend the exercise and hard labour of the prisoners, and not permit the latter to hold any con- versation with each other, or with any other person. In PROVOBT HERORAMT. — COMri.AIMTS. 1.^9 CAM of a prisoner (leniiBting in «IiiK>fH>yiiig thJH or any oth«*r onlor, when employe*! oittiiitlu his coll, h«* Hhe wash I with that of their companies — or as arrange' for lo< ■ Uy by Commanding ( )fiicer. It should l>e also a part of the duty of the Pro^iist sergeant to perform the police duties of the Barrac- >r camp, or of that part of the garrison in or near whi ^h t! ; :> Provost-prison may be situated. He should frequently visit the canteens in the neighborh(M>d, and interfere to prevent drunkenness or riot ; using his authority to repress all irregularity ; and to clear the (quarters of any loone or disorderly characters. In the course of these duties lie should, at all times, be extremely careful to avoid any personal collision with soldiers. He should l)o allowed such assistance in making his rounds as may be deemed necessary by the Commanding Officer. SECTION /. COMPLAINTS. One of the fundamental and most necessary rules of military discipline is to forbid anything bearing the appear- ^ce of combination, to obtain redress of grievances among 160 DISCIPLINE. iiidivivluaU c(>niiM>8iiig a military force. Appeals for re- dress by " roll ml nthius," or by meaiiH of any document bearing the Hignature of more than one complainant, are strictly forbidden. if Officers, Non-commis.sioned Officers, or men, whether on actual service or otherwise, have any complaint or accu- sation to bring aj^ainst a superior or other Officer, such complaint should be laid before the complainant's Com- manding Officer, who, if necessary, should transmit the same, with his remarks, through the proper channel for consideration to Headi^uarters. They should not be per- mitted to bring accusations against superior Officers or comrades before the tribunal of public opinion, either by speecnes, or letters inserted in any newspaper ; such a proceeding is a glaring violation of the rules of military discipline and contempt of authority. If a Commanding Officer neglects or refuses to attend to a complaint, it may be brought to the notice of the Officer commanding the district or General commanding the forces, notice being given at the same time to the complainant's Commanding Officer, that such has been done. A Non-commissioned Officer or soldier having a com- plaint should make it to the Officer in charge of his company. The proper course is for the soldier to apply to the Colour Sergeant, who may either accompany the man himself to his Officer or direct the Orderly Sergeant to do so. The same rule should be observed when there la a favour to ask. This course should not prevent a soldier from asking the privilege of speaking privately with the Officer when brought before him. It is the duty of all Officers, when receiving complaints for transmission for the consideration of superior authority, to point out to the parties concerned any irregularity in COMPLAINTS. 161 the moans tlioy fiuploy in Hovkin^ rt'efoi-e the (Japtain of the company, and never on any account make a report of a man behind his back ; nor should an OHicer ever award a punishment, however trifling, without having inquired into the complaint ; and although every exertion should be used to enforce the greatest respect and obedience to the Non- commissioned Oflicers, they should not be encouraged in making frivolous complaints against the men, which will sometimes occur from private pique or dislike. No application or complaint should ever be made to the Civil power in any regimental matter, except through the Commanding Officer of the Battalion, or with bis sanction. SECTION VI. DEFAULTERS. A Non-commissioned Officer should, if he can be spared, be kept off duty for the week to take charge of and drill all Defaulters ; otherwise the Regimental Orderly Sergeant or Corporal should do it. He should be held strictly responsible that they attend such drills or fatigues as are ordered, that they turn out clean and regular in every respect, and that the drill is conducted as correctly as if under the Adjutant or Sergeant- Major. The Non-commis- sioned Officer in charge of the defaulters should inspect the kits of the defaulters at every drill previous to dis- missal, reporting all irregularities to the Sergeant-Major. He shall admit no defaulter into his squad, whose name (as such) he has not received from the Regimental Orderly Sergeant. "■r: DEFAUL*? B»iH. 163 Punishiiu'iit drill hIiouM Im- earned on in the harraok yard or drill ground, and rthen Battalions or detaehnienta are iu billets, and have not such acconunodation, their defaulters should not be exposeetween Reveille and Tattoo. The first call should not be earlier than half an hour after Reveille, and the last at the warning bugle for Tattoo. Defaulters should not be called at a time when they are supposed to be in their barrack rooms, such as about meal hours, etc., or M'hen on parade or fatigue. On all occasions of defaidters answering their names they should be clean and properly dressed in fatijjue dres-s. Orderly meii of rooms and company cooks, if confined tt) barracks as a punishment should be exempt from answer- ing their names at Defaulters' roll-call, except between Retreat and Tattoo. When not on fatigue or parade, defaulters sKould parade for punishment drill in " marching order." At the regular , parades, they should be dressed the same as the rest of the men. Men with disfigured faces or black eyes should be confined to quarters till they are perfectly recovered. w n m DISriPF.INE. l)efjiuIt<;rH8luMil»l iM»t Ik; n;(|uinMl U> uiuliTgo any [Miriion of their punishment, whieh may have lapsed by reason of their being in Hospital or employed on duty. ' Defaulters should be jHjrmitted to enter the canteen for one hour in the day only ; as a rule this should be iu the evening. •:^. .-■.t'- ■"% ^ * ■> \.i^.^ i i i PART IV. DR ESS '* The dress and appearance, as well as the demeanour of poldicrs, should on all occasions and in all situations l)e such as to create a respect for the military service. Soldiers are not to go beyond the precincts of their barracks or lines unless properly dressed, and they are not to smoke in the streets until after 6 p.m. in summer and 5 p.m. in winter." So reads paragraph 24, Sec. vii., of the "Queen's Uegulations." When in uniform men cannot be too particular about their dress and appearance. Uniform makes them conspicuous ; so any defect is much more noticeable than in ordinary attire. There is no foppery in being correctly dressed ; on the contrary neatness and smartness command respect, just as sloven- liness receives contempt. Above all other things in this matter of dress, any admixture of uniform and mufti should be avoided. Such a combination is ridiculous, unsightly, and inexcusable, and when seen is sure to bring the wearer and his corps into disrepute. An attitude of soldierly smartness should always be assumed, whether in or out of uniform. When walking, the boily and head should be erect, and an easy but not a slouching habit acquired ; if without arms, a small cane or "swagger stick," about the length of the arm should be carried. • A soldiers look should denote that he is proud of his Viniform s^d Battalion. He should never allow himself h "i m 166 DRESH. l.\ t (■ i to speak Rlightingly of the service or corps to which he belongs, or disrespectfully of either his superiors or com- rmles, hut endeavour by word and example to inspire his friends with the belief that his service is the best one, and that hin Battalion is the "crack." one. He should always "stand up" for his Hattalion and for his OflSccrs, and never trouble himself about the sneering remarks of ignorant (>eo])le, nor argue where argument can evidently do no good. If people make insulting illusions, it is best to treat them with silence, and show superiority by allow- ing their remarks to pass uidieeded. The following directions are laid down in the Queen's Regulations in regard to the growth of hair: — "The hair of the head is to be neatly cut, and kept short. Moustaches are to be worn, and the chin and under-lip are to be shaved (except by Pioneers, who will also wear beards). Whiskers, when worn, are to be of moderate length . " It is simply impossible to look smart and soldierly with long hair. Appearance, however, is not the only consider- ation, for, besides cleanliness, short hair conduces much to coolness and comfort. As regards the beard, the best plan is to adopt the fashion of the service. Shaving is not perhaps the most pleasant operation, yet it certainly adds to a man's look of smartness ; but when the habit is adopted, care should be taken never to appear in uniform, at least, without a clean chin. If, however, the beard is worn (and in some cases a good beard may be worn with advantage), it should be of moderate length and kept neatly trimmed. V DRESS OF OFFICERS. Ifi7 SECTION I. DRESS OF OFFICERS. Officers are reijuired by the Militia regtilations to pro- vide their own uniform, arms, and accoutrements, and in the case of mounted Officers, suitable saddlery for their horses in addition. Commanding Officers of corps are strictly forbidden to introduce or sanction any unauthorized embroidery or orna- ment, or the addition to or increase in the description or width of lace, or other deviation from the approved pat- terns. The rank of Officers in the Militia is indicated by the lace and badges on their cuffs, shoulder straps, etc., as laid dawn in the "Dress Regulations." All Regimental badges and devices, and other peculiar distinctions, which may have been granted under special authority to di£fercnt corps, should be strictly preserved. Officers in uniform, when in mourning or attending funerals, should wear a piece of black crape round the left arm above the elbow ; no other sign of mourning should be worn at any time, unless otherwise specially ordered. Officers assuming prominent positions at military reviews, and upon all occasions of State or ceremony, should appear in the full dress of their rank. They are not to appear mounted unless entitled to do so by reason of their rank or position. ., Brevet Field Officers, doing duty with their'corpa as Cap- tains should wear uniform according to their rank in the Militia. In the Infantry, however, such Officers should not wear spurs on parade, except when doing duty as Field Officers. II i -^ 168 DRKRH. |i I A fuw hintfi arc here embodied an to the {tattern and cut of uniform, which may prove useful : — Ifi'tul-drfMM. — HehnetH, liusbys, and Forage Cap peaks should be worn down close over the eyes. Tnn'iCH. — Fair upright collar, meeting close and 8<{uare, sleeves rather narrow ; the ukirta not longer than the sleeve, when the latter is held straiglit at the side ; plenty of rtMim in the chest, though not wrinkling. l^atrol Jarki'tn — Should tit well into the back and waist, but not so close as a tunic, and rather shorter ; have the slits at the side of the hips sewn up, as they are apt to curl and look untidy. ^ 7VoM«fr«— Should be made (luite straight, and never large enough to flap about ; they should come down well over the boot. Whenever spurs are worn, straps must always be used, and the trousers should be made two inches longer than usual. MesH Jackets — Should be made so as to hook easily over the waistcoat. The Officer of the day wears his jacket fastened up, and in Kitle battalion's his pouch-belt over it, so that if an orderly comes into the me<)8 or ante-room to look for him, he is easily distinguished. Shirt collars should not be worn except with the Mess uniform, i Boots. — On ordinary parades, when leggings are not used, Wellington b'. ots should be worn (that is, half high-boots) ; with leggings, lace-up boots ; side-spring boots or shoe, should never be worn with leggings. In Mess uniform, patent leather Wellington boots or side-spring boots with the tops made all in one piece are the proper thing. Swords and BeHs. — The latest pattern of sword is nearly straight, and should not be too heavy. If the scabbard be steel, it is a good plan to have it nickel-plated. Sword- DRE8H OF UPF1C£KH. 169 knotH should hu wouiitl ti^'htly rouml the handle, mo ah not to dangle about, and in the uane of white ones, kept clean with pipcchiy. Sword-lK.'lt.s Hhould always he kept supple ; if allowed to get hard, the enamel easily cnieks. The top sling should Ite of such length tliat when the scabhnnl is placed alongside the leg, it rests easily on the ground. A sword trailing from long slings looks very slovenly. S(Uih — Should ho ties and huckleii, hHouM l>e worn with the Wellington an«I high-lKMit resiMJc- tively hy all niountc'«l OffioerM, excejjt those entitled to wear hraMH KCJihhiirdH. who use brass spurs. Dress spurs of hrass should he worn hy field <)l!icer8 of Infantry, and of steel ))y Adjutants of '.ifantry and all mounted Officers of ItiHo battalions— at Fievi'^es and in evening dress. Box spurs should never he worn with high hoots. h. Watch-chains and trinkets should not he worn outside the uniform. /. I^eggings should he worn hy dismounted Officers when the men parade in them, hut never otl' duty. Brown dogskin or buckskin gloves should be worn by Officers of Infantry in Drill and Field Day Order. Whistles should be carried on all parades. In addition to occasions of State or Ceremony, Officers attending in uniform, reviews, entertainments, etc., at which His Excellency the Governor Cleneral, the General Officer commanding, or the Lieutenant Governor are to be present, should appear in full dress unless otherwise ordered. Tlie full dress, as regards Infantry, is to be understood to consist of helmet (in the day time), tunic, crimson sash, white enamelled sword-belt, gold lace sword- knot, trousers with scarlet welt. At balls, levies, and State occasions, thf gold lace sash, sword-belt, sword-knot and trousers may be worn, but not on parade unless specially ordered. Officers attending other local evening entertainments, such as concerts, theatricals, etc., if required to go in uniform, should do so in Mess dress, which as regards Infantry, is understood to consist of mess jacket, mess waist-coat, and trousers with scarlet welt. At balls and I* DKKSS OF OFFICKIW. 171 dances, trouHeni with ^old la«-t> HtripoH may l>u worn with the Mens dress hy Ofhcers of Infantry. Field and Staff OfHceni, when attt-niling ruvieWH, inHi>ec- tionH, church paradcB, etc., on foot in HununtT uniforni, nhould not wear pantal(»on8 and hi^h )>oot8. With winter dress, hi^h hoots slnudd invariahly he worn ; mounte«l OtHcers wearing jack .spurs. Officers of the Militia generally, when wearing uniform should he governed l»y the rules prescribed ahove ; hut it is laid down in para. 2();'>, U. and ()., 1887, that when they have not got full dress they |re not to wear uniform at all at entertainments or on occasions when full dress is specilied, except at reviews and inspections, when they may appear properly dressed in the undress of their corps, hut are to avoid making themselves conspicuous, and not assume prominent positions. Further, it is ordt^red they are not to wear undress when Mess is siwciKed, ))ut must wear plain clothes if they are not in possession of the mess clress or the full dress, which of course they may wear in lieu thereof. The following orders of dress for parade should be observed by Officers : — Jievieiv Order. — To be worn when the Sovereign or her representative is present, for Guards of honour, at all State ceremonies, and otherwise when specially ordered — Full dress ; horae-f urniture for mounted ( )tfieer8 complete. Marching Order. — To be worn on the line of march, at route marching, in the field for inspection by General Officers, and on other occasions when specially ordered — Same as in " review order " ; but a tunic of scarlet serge or light cloth may be worn, horse-fnrniture for mounted Officers, without saddle-cloth in the Governor General's Foot Guards, or shabrat^ue in the Rifles, 4 1 i It ;j S|f| 172 VHKHH. / Pvhltiiiif (fnlrr. I'hcmI j^iiuerally for iit'lildays, divisinn- a\ atul l»rigiMlu «lrillM, luitl on otiifr occoiiiouH whuii ii|>ecially onl«:rc«l -.Same as " in.-irchiiig onlcr." J)nU (hiirr. —To Ihj wnml at onliiiary DrilU — IJmlrt'M ■ergo patnd jacket ; horse-furniture— Saino aa "marching or*l er. Aff'HJ< Ortlf'r. — To ho worn at ni»)Hn on all onlinary <»cca- BJons wlien not on tluty (nuch aH (iuanl) Muiw-jacket, waiHt-coat, and red-ntripe trouscru, white coUarB and hlack neckties; mounted Officeis to wear spurH ; the Orderly OHicera wear the jacket hooked up (with pouch-belt in liitle hattalions) and HWurdH, the latter are generally left in the ante room. Ditfiite Scrincit Ordfr. — Same a» "review order." Officers should appear in "review order" on (iuards and Oeneral ('ourts Martial; "marching onler" at iJis- trict Courts Martial; and in "drill cnder" on Regimental (Courts Martial, Courts of In«iuiry, Boards, and Orderly duty. SECTION II. N0N-(X)MMISSIONKD OFFKJKRS AND MEN. The ordinary dress worn out of quarters, or what is called " walkin^-out order," should be tunic on Sundays, serge frock on week days, cloth or serge trousers, accord- ing to season, forage cap, and waist-belt. Staff-sergeants should always wear their swords when walking out. ';: Sergeants only should be permitted to wear side-arn)8V off duty. . ^ S-, \i, NON.-COM. OFFICER^ AND MKN. 17.1 Noii-cniniiiiHHiitiictM Mliocr8 ainl iir-ii on iltity wear iiiili>- aritiH, HAN' I! iiiuii oil fiktigiic. NniiMMtiiiiiiiHHioiu'tl OtlicLTM niiil iiiuii ihuiiM ^it down tu inealM with ttinicH or nvr^en hiittoiivd. Thu currying of ImiiuIIch or Itankcts in thr Htret^tn HhoiiM not )>« allowed otlicrwiHt* than in fnti^uo drcMs. I'lain elothuH hIiouM oidy Ih- allowed to he worn )>y the Sergeant- Major and men enijiloyed at the ( MlicerH' uivnti, and l»y OttieerM' servants. The helmets or huHhieH Hhould not he worn on one side, but he placed evenly on the men's heads, ane doubled longitudinally, and pasHcd over the right shoulder unint8 downward. Pioneers should l>e distinguished by crossed axes worn on the upper arm, the Non-eoininissioued Officer in charge wearing them al>ove his chevronn. The Band and buglers should wear wings, or shells„ on the shoulders, with bars or stri{)e8 ; in the Infantry the bars of half inch white braid on a blue ground, in the lliHes half inch black braid on a ground the colour of the facings, also a piping down the back seania of the tunic, white in Infantry, and the colour of the facing in Kitles, together with a badge (the lyre) on the right arm, just above the elbow. Regimental Police, when on duty, should wear a white, or red and white band on the right arm just above the wrist. The chevrons and distinctive badges worn by the several ranks and appointments are as follows : — Lance Corptrals — One bar. Corporals — Two bars. Sergeants — Three bars. Colour-Sergeants of Infantry — Three bars, with baflge of crossed colours, surmounted with a crown. Colour- Sergeants of liiftes — Three bars, with badge of crossed swords within a wreath, surmounted with a crown. Orderly Room Sergeant, Paymaster's Sergeant, . Sergeant of the Band — Three bars and lyre. Sergeant Drummer- Three bars and dnim. Sergeant Bugler — Three bars and crossed bugles, Three bars. I l->i \v. ' ! I 176 DRESS. ill 1 :|| //oM/iilul Stnjraiil -Three l>;irs with (,nme as "review order," with- out crossbelts or pouches for Non-commissioued Ofhcera and men. NON.-COM. OFFICERS AND MEN. 177 Guard Mountinrj Onlt-r. — Same as "marching order," but without me88 tins, which are left in the musses for the mealn to be sent in, unless the rations are c(M)kuiiuo(>k can lie inaerinaii4>nt Hervioe han already l>i>eii 4l under *' I'ay." »<< I'^K" ^*-- For the ordinary annual drill, howrver, this nu'thod 18 not necessary, and in place ot it a Itook containing a list of those receivinj^ drill or otluT pay, with the ilate, amount, and particulars of the service, should answer all the purj)08eH. COMI'ANY I KKALLTBK BOOK. In the Company Defaulter Hook, a leaf sh j>> ^i '/ /A Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WiST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 873-4503 # \ tn]>any hHouM have a Stores Book, in which two accounts are kept, the one with the Quarter- Master store where all " receipts " and " returns " should be entered at once, with the date and any particulars connected there- with (Form 40) ; the other with the individual men of the company, see Part 2 of same form. In the latter account a page should be given to each man, and each "issue" made to him, signed for, and the date given. When "returns" are made, the Officer or Non-com- missioned Officer taking in the articles should sign for them in the presence of the man returning them. When riHes, swonls, knapsacks, haversacks, great-coats, etc., are issued oi returned, the regimental number of each should be marked in their respective columns. SECTION III. INDIVIDUAL BOOKS. Every Officer and Non-commissioned Officer should have in his possession the latest editions of the following books : — Infantry Drill. „: . Bifle F'xercises. ((Canadian Militia Manual.) Militia Regulations and Orders. t Standing Onlers of the Battalion. Also a pocket Mennrandum book, in which should be recorded the names (residences and business addresses), age, height, date of enlistment, list of arms, clothing, I* t CORKK8PONDENCR. 187 eiiuipiiient, utc, in |>oMHcsMion of oiu-h iioii-fdiiiiiiiHMioiuMl officer and man of the company, half company, or Hcction under his charge. Such a )>ook in published hy McHsnt. (•ale and Polden, Txmdon, Kng., under the titlo of "Com- pany Squad Roll Book." SECTION IV. cokkp:spondenck. OFFICIAL. All communications on matters in any way connected with duty should be official. Applications from regimental Officers should be made to the Commanding Officer, who if necessary, forwards the same to higher authority. Applications, complaints, etc., from Non-commissioned Officers and men, are to be made personally through their Captains, and not by letter. Official letters should contain full information of all par- ticulars upon the subject to which they relate, which should be briefly indicated in the upper left hand corner for example " Leave "— •• Equipment " — " Discipline," etc. Each letter should refer to one subject only, and be written on foolscap paper, with a quarter margin, the margin to be left on the inner side of each page. The paragraphs should be numbered, and the enclosures (if any) descrifjed in the margin or on a separate schedule. As a general rule, short communications should be written upon a half sheet ; but when the letter extends beyond one page or is accompanied by enclosures, it should ))e written on a whole sheet. The ill i ■ 188 BOOKS AND COKKESI'ONDENCE. tranHiiiiHHion of uiuiuct-HHary eiicloHurcM Hliould Ih: avoided, and when additional papers are forwarded, all blank tly- leaveH ghould he removed from them. ,, Merc covering letteru Hhould not he used, as they add to the hulk of documents, without conveying any additional information. OtHcers, in affixing their names to official documents should do so in their own handwriting, and specify their rank after their signatures and below, the c<»rp8 to which they belong. They should be careful to maintain the l)roper channel of communication in correspondence with the Deputy Adjutant (ieneral in command of. their district or with Headquarters, whether in the actual performance of duty or not, except under special circum- stances, where a direct reference may be necessary. Any Officer who, on his own responsibility, transmits documents otherwise than through the proper channel, should fully explain the causes which induce him to do so, and at the same time forward copies for the information of the authority through whom they should have passed in regular course. The Christian-names of Officers, Non-commissioned Offi- cers or men alluded to in a letter should be inserted in full i\s well as the surname and rank ; and in the case of Non-commissioned Officers and meu of the permanent corps their regimental numbers. Unless otherwise directed or indicated, all replies, remarks, or queries arising out of an original letter or memorandum are to \)e made in the form of minutes. The first minute is to follow on the page where the original letter or memorandum eiuls, and the person who affixes it will mark the original letter or subject matter No. 1, and his own minute thereon No. 2 (in red ink when pos- j / COKKKSPONDKNCE. 1S9 aible). Hach Huccee<1iiig minute is to follow inimcdiately that which by date j»rece«leH it, and will in like manner he numbered iu sequence. A fn-ah half-sheet is to Ik; a«lded, •when required, for the commencenu-nt or continuation of a minute, and on no account is such commencement or con- tinuation to bo made on vacant spaces under previous minutes, or in the margin. The following is a sample letter : — From Captain Allan, ♦ • ♦ lialtnlion. Leave, To the Officer Commandinij • • • lUittalion. Toronto, * * * 18 0) I have the honour to apply for leave of almrne^. for three months for the purpose of v'mting Emjland on private affairx. My address will he * * * * I have the honour to he. Sir, Your ohedient servant, D. H. ALLAN, Captain, Battalion. (8) D. A. O., M. D. No. 2. , Recommended. L. BUG HAN, Litut.-Gol. 1SJ4/SL Commandinfj Battalion. (8) A.O. - V Recommended. W. S.DURIE, Lieut. -Col. 19/4/81. D. A. G., M. D., No. 2. Mi. I \\M 190 BOOKS AND COKKESPONDENCE. D. A. a., At. D,. No. 2. ' Approwd. W. PO WELL, A. a. 25/4/Sl. (r.) C. ()., linttnlUm. Rtturnrd approved. W. S. DURIE, Lt.-Col. 25 1 4 IS I. D. A. G., M. D., No. 2. Official corrc'8{>oiulence should never be addressed to an Officer by name, but to the designation of the function he fulfils, therefore all official letters, returns, and reports made to a District Staff Officer by Commanding Officers of Corps or other Officers within their respective districts, by whom, if necessary, they are to be transmitted to the Adjutant General, should not be addressed by personal name, but as follows : — From Lieut.-Col. Arthurs, Commanding Discipline. * * Battalion. To the Deputy- Adjutant-General, M. D., No. 2. Toronto, * * * 18 Sir, I luive the honour to report that * I have the honour to he. Sir, * Your obedient servant, WILLIAM ARTHURS, Lieut.-Col., Commanding Battalion. CORRESPONnKNCE. 101 Superior Officers and «»tlu'r ii>teriiu>e described both })y their HuhHt.intive ami brevet rank thus : — Major and Ht. Lieut. -Col. Jarvis. The word brevet is usually abbreviated thus : -" Bt." PRIVATE. Private letters, etc., if acldressed to Officers in their military capv'hich the liavi- a meal or }i iiiaili^ a longer lialt Ih nt'CfUKary. NVIirii iiu-ii ar«' in ^{«m»»1 romlition, iiowtjvtrr, long haltH are not aIis oh tliuy i»rufer getting the march over att Hoon aH ]K>HHihle. On the *'}lalt" Hoiunling, the leading company Hh<»ul(l be halted at once, thoHe in rear cloHing up ; unle^H the column in entering an alignment or making any other movement preparatory to a formation to a Hank. Advanced and rearguanlH hIiouM aiw.iyH he formed; the latter in tr> hring np any man who may have fallen out, and if such soldier he unable to march, he hIiouM be given in charge of a (-orporal or Htea)y the section to which they belong, and straggling should be avoided, as it upsets all calculation as to time. « A Battalion should move with as broad a front as the ground will admit, as men suffer in warm weather from dust and want of air when in close formations, and when marching in fours, a column of tired men is indetinitely lengthened. On arriving at a bad piece of roa«l, Officers should prevent men from defiling individually. On reaching a brook or a bad piece of road, the front should be increased for crossing. Defiles, or narrow passes, should be crossed at the double, to prevent the rear being retarded. « Music and singing should be kept up as much as possible, and when the band ceases playing, the drums should beat the cadence. - >. Ji< 1 ' MAKCIIKR. lyr. Nfxt in iiii|Mirtanrr to tlif fci>«liii^' of tin- im«'Ii is the oon- (litioii of thfir f«-«-t f*>i iniiit'liiii)^. (mhmI KoutM tiiiit wimiIU'Ii MmkHArc iii hroaii in the HiAv, low-litM'h'd, HiitUtMcntly thii-k hoU'h to oKviatt* the feet feeling the inc<|unliti(>H of grounil and very roomy, om the f(K)t increiuteM nearly one-eighth of itit Hi/e in marching ; they Hhouhl l>e greaHeeHt greiiHe that can l>e UHed for this [xirpose. HtNttH Hhouhl not he dried at a tire. SuckH mIiouIiI he Moaped for the first few days' march. On the line of march an oppoi tunity of washing the feet should never be lost, and, when ]M)SMible, name the i>eriod of the halt ; if the teet are sore, bathe in tepid water with alum at night; if blistered, do not tear the lilisters, but run needles through them with worsted thread, and leave the thread in and cut oti' ends, and next day, before marching, apply grease or soft soap. A httion of whiskey, or rum and water is a go(xl preventive of sore feet. Subaltern officera should i)ersonally see that the men wiuth theii* fuet eon* stantly, as well as satisfy themselves by personal inspection that the nails are properly cut. Ix)ose the boot-laces at night when your boots cannot be taken off. Want of food and exhaustion predispose to sunstroke ; in such a case, open the tunic at the throat, and keep a stream of water on the patient's head till he is conscious. Discourage men from drinking water largely (m the inarch, though the idea that danger may result therefrom is obsolete, still the more they drink when hot, the more thirst will be felt. Take men if possible into camp cool ; if warm do not 190 MAHPIIKS AND KNCAMI'MKNT. Allow tlirlll t4i tiki- nil tlltil tllllia'M fol ll.llf Ull llolir, lllllcHH Ui liiitliu at unci'. HivorAr. Tr(M)i)H uticiiiiilK>ru(l with t4;niH nixl l>nggage oaiinot move with the r.»))i(lity rt'i|iiirvil in iiiodrrii warfan;, aii« carefully entertained riz,, the milUarij and the tutni/uri/. If on active Mervice in the field and within ntriking ditttance of the enemy, the latter should of neceHwity give way to the former, and a Kite Heleeted hy taking; into connideration cover, clear tield of tire and the natural formation of the ground with regard t<) aggeasive and paMsive defence of the poHitiou choHen. On the other hand, if in time of peace or at a Hafe distance from the enemy the sanitary should take first place, and a site selected with due regard to water, drainage and suitable soil and subsoil to camp on. Short grass with gravel subsoil is very good ; long grass lands, beaver meadows and marshy lands should be avoided. On arriving on the giouud, a Battalion should be shown the position it is to occupy, and informed of the duties reijuired of it. Column is then formed, arms piled and duties furnished, and meals and shelter jirepared ; the greater the regularity and division of labor, the sooner the hour of rest arrives. 1>atrines should be ma witulwanl, ntI'orre Ih; time aii\ L'litl uf liranchoM upwardH. VVhuii lying on tiie ground, unlcMH in Hoft Hand, alwayn 8cra{)e ttut a \\o\v ftir the hip-lMtni- to n-Ht in, and it will )k) found a gd plan to clul> ManketH, so that thirr*; may Ih) one al)ove and ontj IkjIow ; under any circuniMtancfrt, dry brutthuH, fvrn, graxH, etc., Hhould be cut to lie u|M>n. Alwayn contrive Honietbing for a pillow ; even a Htonu ia better than nothing. Men should sleep in HcctioUH in rear of their arms. On waking in the chill dawn, take a Hharp run. Hot tea or coffee and a biHcuit at daylight should be served without waiting for breakfast. Working parties shouhl never be left witliout (Mlicers, for unless men see their ()llieei*s interested in tlieir labor they become dispirited, and of all duties, soldiers most dis- like "fatigue " work. Every facility consistent with safety should be given to men to wash all over with cold v\jiter, and if a bath cannot be ha MAIUMIKS. 199 Troops should not he l»illt'ttt'«l in a convent or nunnery. The foregoi 4tei >f hilleti L>allunli unary quarters," that is wlien the nuniher of men placed in a houae or huiMitig is in acconlance with its si/e ; another system is " close (Hiarters " when it is necessary to con- centrate as mafiy men as possihle, in which case every hiiihliiig is cnimiiied to its utmost capacity. The transport of liglit haggage, camp equipment ane carried out regimentally. Kach I*attalion should furnish its own haggage guard on the line of marcli, and lie responsible for the safety of its baggage. Thegu.-ird in a weak Uattalion should not exceed one Sergeant, one C'-rporal and ten privates. It acts under the order of the Otticer in charge of regimental tran8])ort, by whom it is distributed along the column of waggons, as he may consi«1er most advisable ; he makes them accountable that nothing is taken off. The men of the guard should never ])ut theii- aims cm the waggons, but march by the sides with bayonets fixed. In the case of hired transport, the Otiicer should be responsible that the drivers and horses are not ill-used, and that nothing is re- quired of them to which they are not bound by law or pre- vious agreement. At night, when the baggage is not un- loaded, the waggons should be piicked so as to occupy as little space as possible, and placed under the charge of sentries. One Non-commissioned Officer should be with the lead- ing waggon and one with the rear waggon, the (Officer moving along the line constantly to direct. For the loading and unloading of waggons, a fatigue of two men per company shouhl be told off. is ml ' ! is II ', it f ! ; T ^i: 200 MARCirKS AND ENCAMPMENT. In Canada, the ordinary farmer's waggon would be u\ont generally used for baggage ; a suitable load for a two-horse waggon is from 8()0 to 1,00<> lbs., for a four horse 1 ,800 lbs., and for six horses 3,(XK) lbs. ; a two-horse waggon occupies 12 yards of road, including the interval betv/een waggons, a four-ht)rse 10 yanls, and a six-horae 20 yart'.s. In case pack animals have to be used, the ordinary load for a hoi*se or mule would be 100 pounds in addition to weight of 8a^ " MAKCIIES. 201 If the inen'8 knaimac-kH (or valiseM) are to he carried, additional waggons will he required. In connection with waggon transpoit a few waggon poles, trace chains, strong leather MtrapH, carriage holt.s with nutM and a 8Up{)ly of HUiall ro]>e Hhould he carried, for u^>e in case vehicles or harness hreak ; there should also he provided a few hroad iJutch collars or hreast straps, to replace hadly fitting collars. The pace for all transport is a walk, even with empty waggons. If a waggon falls hehind, it should regain its proper position at the walk during the next halt. If a load falls off or a waggon l)reak8 down, the whole of the haggage should draw up on tht; off side of the road, and the guard then repack the load or distrihute it amongst the others. $ The impressment of waggons, titc, can only he r-esorted to — Ist. In cases of emergency, when delay would l)e caused V>y hiring. 2nd. When transport cannot he hired. 3rd. When the charges made for hired transiKH-t are excessive. The articles which compose the haggage should be so arranged that the weight of any one package in no case ex- ceeds three cwt., that being the weight which four nicn can load and unload without risk of sustaining personal in- jury. The size of packages should not exceed 3 feet inches in length, 2 feet in width, and two feet 3 inches in depth. Every chest, trunk, bale, or other article of public bag- gage belonging to the Regimental Store, Orderly Room, Band, Officers' Mess, or the Hospital, should be distinctly numbered and marked with paint ; and every article of baggage belonging to individuals should have the rank, paine, and corps of the owner legibly painted upon it. 1 'i 111 202 MAIICIIKH AND KNCAMl'MENT. / TOLLS. All troopH on duty or on the nt.irch, with their horaes and baggage, all recruits marching hy nuitt, all pritioners under military escoil, and all carriages and horses belong- ing to \lvv Majesty or employed in her service, when con- veying any such persons as aforesai*!, or their baggage, or returning from conveying the same, are exempted from payment <»f any tolls in p.-issing ahujg or over any turn- pike or other roads or ))ri«lge8. THANSI'OUT OKFK'KK, On the line of march a JSubaltern should be placed in charge of the Regimental baggage, baggage guard, and transport equipnuait, whose duty it should be to see that the waggons are correctly h^ded under the superintend- ence of the Quarter Master, that the horses are harnessed and hooked in, and ready for marching at the proper time, that the order of march is strictly carried out, that no un- authorized loads are placed on the waggons, and that stragglers do not mount them ; leporting bt)th before and at the end of the march to the Commanding Officer that everything is regular or otherwise. * He should also see that a list of stores is in each waggon. Great care and judgment should be used in the selection of this Officer, as the duties are very difficult, requiring activity, perseverance, good temper and ingenuity. RAILWAY TRANSPORT. Railways form the quickest and cheapest mode of trans- port for small bodies of troops, be the distance great or small. Any ordinary passanger car will accommodate about 40 men in marching order, but for a long journey this is over- MARCH KS. 203 crowding, uuUhh it }>e a ('ana*^^!! Pacitic llailway "coloniHt car," which \a adtnirahly suitetl for the conveyance of troops. For the conveyance of horses, ordinary box cars must he used, there being hardly any pro[)er horse cars HtttMl with stalls to be found, unless the few in use on the above- named railway for the conveyance of stock to Manitoba, and known as " palace horse cars." A .'{3-fo so. During stoppages, two or more sentries should be placed outside each car to pre- vent liquor from being passed into the train. If a long journey, the men should if possible, be occasion- ally allowed out of the train to stretch their limbs ; on returning to the train, rolls should be called, and the com- panies reported as present or otherwise. . f\ When nearing the destination, the Officers should join their companies. On arrival the markers should first bo thrown out, but until the "fall in" is sounded neither Officers nor men should be permitted to leave the train. When a corps leaves its own head-quarters the Command- ing Officer should send n "marching out" state to the MARCIIKS. 205 Officer (*<>liiiiiiiii«1ili^ i\w Ht:itinii it in Irnvin^', aii the UHicer coniiiiaiKhiig the stiitioii at which it aniveti. Thin form call ha altered to 8Utt both caaeH. WATKK TKANsroRT. In selecting vessels tt> carry troops, care shouM he taken that they are suitable. 'J'he space requiie*! iKitween deck and beam should l>e at least (> feet G inches for men, and 7 feet (i inches for horses. In moving by water, a Battalion should, if iM>ssible, move on the steamer without halting (the band ceasing playing on reaching the nharf), and the companies at once directed to their several stations, where they should remain standing at ease until the steamer leaves the dock. The Majors should specially superintend the end>arka- tion of their half battalions, the Adjutant (if not required by the Commanding Otiicer) looking after the band, etc. On the steamer getting well away from the dock, arms and accoutrements should be put carefully away, each com- pany's being separate and distinct, and the men then allowed to move about. Orderly Officers and Non-commissioned Officers should be detailed, Regimental and Company alarm posts named, and all dutiec v^arried out as regularly as if on shore. The Officers should constantly go among the men during the journoy, to attend to their wants and to enforce orderly behaviour. The men should not lie allowed to get off the steamer at intermediate landing places, except by special permission. On nearing its destination the Battalion should be ac- coutred and fall in by companies, and on arrival, after the 1 i lafl '"3 5 '' 200 MARCHES AND RNCAMPMRNT. iiiarkcrs iiiu thrown out, ench (-(Uiipaiiy marched otT the Hteainer (»ii itn iiiarker. The baggage hIiouIiI be placed under a guard and sent down bef')re the Battalion, being put ou the steamer in a icinuviMt fnun tlir ^r(l by the tc-tit^, the un>iin«l HUrpt vU:m\ with :i lirtMnn Of branches of trees, and left expoaed to the huu and wind. Blankets, clothes, etc., should be spread out to air, and the tents roughly pitched in the interviils of the camp with slack ropes, and the tly loose to allow it to l>e well blown about. Every morning except when it rains, the sideH of the tents should l>e rolled up, and previous to retiring tor the night all the tent ropes should be slackened oti' a little, as the rain or dew will tighten them enough to draw the pegs and strain, if not tear, the canvas. As a rule, tht; doors of the tents should face the hea08 MAKritKH AMI) KVrAMPMKST. Hcll artirtfH of any kiii<1 ><)i<>iil<1 Im> <*«iiitiiM'<| t<> tliis |*ta4*e mid not .ill()\vcli variouH artideK may lie Hold, anni>H, otl'al and ruMiixh aru huriud. In encanipinK largo )K>dieii of try each corps, should he pre|>are4l beforehand ; hy this means the ofliccr charged with forming the encampment can, in a few minutes, place the whole of the camp-colour men, so that when the Battalion's arrivo they can proceed at once to the positiouH assigned to them. rimnsi; tknth. Whenever the nature of the grountl will a«lmit, the fol- lowing mode should he <»l>served in the formation of Battalion camp : the front to be the same as that of a Battalion when in line. When a Battalion marches on the ground allotted to it, the Quarter Guard immediately takes imssession of the spot where the guard tent is to he erected, and where a small camp colour should have been already placed by the Quarter Master, and the necessary number of sentries to cover the camp thrown out. The Battalion should be formed in column by the left, so that each company stands on the parade with the ground previously marked off for its tents on the reverse flank. The arms should be "piled," accoutrements taken off and placed in rows on the ground or hung on the piles of arms. A Battalion on the march should have all the men warned for their several duties at the last halting place before entering the camp ground. Until the tents are pitched the Officers should not leave their companies, nor employ men for their own convenience. The following parties should then be told off and par- aded by the Adjutant : — 14 4 1 rm 210 MAKCIIKH AND KSCAMI'MKNT. CkinK |»*rty -Two tii(!n \h:t company, m»«ler the Ser- geAiit c(M>k. Ijatrinu fMrty —All tlr Pioneunt who carry pick-axcM anil Nhovfln, nner company. Water party ')nc Non-commiHMioneany will dress his own row of pole-men from the left-hand man (who has already l)een covered hy the Major) ; and when correctly dressed give tlie word '*stea«ly," ujm)!! which the men will turn towardH the head of the column and each line be covered correctly in column. Each squad should bring up a tent, See, and drive a |>eg between the heels of the No. 1 pole-man, these jiegs mark where the pole of each tent is to rest. No. 2 having in the meantime joined the two pieces of the pole together hands it to No. 1, who turns toward the rear of the column. Nos. 3 and 4 distribute the tent pegs, at the same time, where they will be at hand when rewa of com- pany tents. Rifles during the day, in iine weather, should l)e piled outside each tent ; in hsul weather and at night they should stand round the pole, conlined at the muzzles by a barrel hoop (wood) suspended from the pole. Bayonets anil accoutrements should hang from crossed pegs on the pole above the rifles. Officers' tents should be in rear, that is, on the reverse flank of their respective companies ; Field and stafl* Officers' tents in rear of the company Officers'; rear guard tent at the limit of ground in rear of all ; Hospital tent in a place selected by the Surgeon ; stores, chargers, horses, waggons, etc., on the most suitable ground in rear of the Staff Officers' tents. Camp colours are placed at the four corners of the ground, these are each 18 x 18 inches of blue for Infantry and red for Hifles, with the number of the Battalion in red and green figures respectively on, each ; the Commanding Officer should have a little larger colour erected in front of his tent, distinguished by a transverse cross. The Colours of a corps should be in charge of the quarter-guard (in their cases) under the charge of the No. I sentry of that guard. STRIKINO TENTS. On the command "Prepare to strike tents," No. 1 will get inside the tent, No. 2 closes the door and keeps it closed until the tent is struck. Nos. 3, 4, 5 and 6 will pull out, and place in the bag all the pegs, except the four angle ones which they will afterwards draw and hold on to the ropes, Nos. 3 and 4 the front ones, Nos. 5 and 6 the rear ones. ENCAMPMENT. 215 On the Illicit' Hounding the one " (t,"i»r on the coniniiind "Strike tents," N<». 1 will lower tent t<»wanl8 the rear. No. 2 will separate the {K)1c into two pieces, and lie them together. No8. 3, 4, 5 and (J will spread out the tent neatly in this form A the ropes being rolled up round the sides, and then placed so that they do not ap[>ear when the tent is folded up. The sides will then be folded to the centre, until the breailth required for the depth of the tent bag is arrived at. The head will then be folded down to the bottom about half way, after which Xos. 5 and G will both proceed to roll from head to bottom, placing their knees on the tent as they roll it. When rolled up tightly. No. 6 will hold the bag, No. 5 will lift one end of the roll until it is got into the mouth of the bag, when it will be got into a perpendicular position, and both men holding the mouth of the bag will shake the tent into it. The peg bag, etc., will be put inside, and the whole secured at the top and afterwards carried to the waggons. A bell tent, when pitched, has an interior diameter of 13 feet ; diameter to side ropes, 21 feet ; diameter to weather guys, 33 feet ; the latter are seldom provided. Its weight dry, is about 72 lbs. ; and wet, about 89 lbs. It consists of one valise, 1 pole (in two pieces), and a bag containing 42 pins and two mallets. KITCHENS. Kitchens should l^e made so as not to incommode the ¥1?? 216 MARCHES AND ENCAMPMENT. occupautH of the tents by their smoke, ami yet lie within a reasonable diHtaiice of the men's tents. Each company should have its own kitchen in rear of and in line with its own row of tents. The simplest kitchen consists of a trench dug in the direction that the wind is blowing, of such width that the kettle, when placed on it, should not rest above an inch and a half on each side ; its depth should be 12 inches at the end from which the wind is blowing, and continue that depth for two feet, decreasing then gradually to six inches at the opposite end, w here a space must be left equal to the breadth of the trench to serve as a chimney. The fire is lit at the end where the trench is deep ; it should not extend beyond two feet up the trench. The kettles are placed touching one another along this trench ; dry sods should be used to stop up the chinks made by the roundness of the kettles, so that the space under them may form a tlue. It is advisable to pile up soils, or with stones and earth to erect a chimney from three to five feet in height, at the end away from the fire. If a Battalion halts for more than one day, these kitchens are susceptible of great improvement ; the chim- ney can be made of mud or wattle and daub, and the draught may be increased by using short pieces of hoop iron as bars stretched across the trench to support a fiUing- in of clay round each kettle, or in other words, to make a regular place for each kettle, into which it will fit exactly, 8o that its position may be frequently changed to prevent the contents of one being cooked before the other. As the day following the wind may change to an exactly opposite direction, a similar trench must be dug in continuation of the former one, the same chimney being used ; in this manner the same chinmey will serve for trenches cut to suit the wind blowing from all four quarters. The open- ENCAMPMENT. 217 inj{8 from tht*«t' treiichoa into thr (•himruiy «h<»ul«l U; cI(mvuu UHcd put into (Irinkiiig water iutsiHt to rutiiove <»rganic matter. From wliatuver Houroe tho water Hupply is derived, it is ahnohitely re(|ui8ite that it shouhl not he ]M)lluted. The Officer entrusted with the duty of forming the encampment shouhi therefore post sentries over it, taking them from t)ie first troops that arrive on the ground ; when the camp is completely formed, a guard should be jwstod over the water supply. If the supply is from a stream, great care should be taken that the watering place for the men shouM be distinct from that for the animals. The latter should be lower down the stream than the former, anc fotiiiu well i» a inoHt valuable ailjuiivt iu such a oaae, an*l is easily transportetl. Each man rejjuires for drinking .S to 4 pints of water a (lay ; for drinking and cooking from i to 1 gallon ; for drinking, cooking, wjuthing, etc., at leant 4 gallons are desirable. Each horse from to 9 gallrnis daily, taking from I^ to 2 gallons at a time. fe LATRINEH. Latrines should be made in the most convenient situation by fatigue parties, as soon as troops arrive on the ground, the places having been previously marked out for them by the Quarter Master. The trench should be as narrow as possible, and about four feet deep, a rail or post supj)orted upon a forked post at both ends, and about eighteen inches from the ground, laid along the edge, will serve for the men to sit on, and the whole should be screened with a piece of canvas, bushes, trees or lumber from public view. A fatigue party should throw a couple of inches of earth over the soil every day. This, if carefully done, will prevent all smell. When the trench is tilled up, another one should be dug near it. Too much care cannot be taken in selecting the sites of the latrines and placing them so that no filtration from them can reach the water supply. The camp police and sentries shouhl have orders to prevent the men from committing nuisances iu the vicinity of the camp. m ^m.- ■%••■■ ''I 'a. s . PART VII. \ FORMS. Owing to want of space, the accompanying Forms are necessarily very much contracted, but at the foot of each, a note is attached specifying the size that it should be. Printed Forms are recommended in all cases. «, "-r-"'^ %: 000 FORMS. i 4 } I « T 4 & ! 1 ii;i "S GO 1 'i^ •o FORMS. 223 2 a . M 1 H I ST. CO o s O Km o V » o s a CO 'J ■< a. a. < 93 •pnox 0\ MII"»>l 'BjutiaJUas 2 Ifliox H 1 Pi 03 n3 i' 3:iJ3 ■ ■ < If 224 FORMS. Ir. 2 ■< ^ t SI fid s o r i I CO a g ■ 1 I s s 1 • H s iwjox •|U^I.^uo.^ WOX ••n«^l •B,c«a JO CM •Ati.i «Jixa puti ')3upuof) pooo •l.o.)V1tni'n!l>oJO as < a. 1 mox •pjlJ.ttJOJ '|ii)uai(ip<»>| aqi o; pa?!poao ■paAiooati qutif) •1.00V 1«™i Vjaa 8TOPPAOE8 CRKDITKD TO TIIR PIBLIC. •mox saiftjurap ](0VJ4itg B3UTIK83aa>{ •Hb'h •A«d -(joinw 1, 1 •c « .r « O « 03 « "S. s 8 I sz; rORMfl. 225 s s B s p I' i t o g ai o 9 ST. o a o a. Si 19 i 3' § a I {3 I 1 i^ I flQ I o B ^ I > I s i m pi m 226 FORMS. •c "5) I ig 1) 99 S jB ? «§s I s o .• a a. S' o Eh e o C 3 O d c8 a cu B eS € o O "5. s S s » § c •so O s 0) b S *s ■c o * Z. 3 B O u s 3 •a , V.' * ' FORMS. 227 at < Sr, s CCOlNT. Battalion. Month, • i < cu ir. O < J s -A stoutly bound book of about 200 pajres, size 5x8 inches. to whom PAID. < s s? S 5 ! M i- 00 Ci >< <3S a ■< O 1 o an < ' s ON WHAT ACCOrVT. 1 n { flT o 93 FROM WHOM. ^ a / 1 1 ■- -- ■''■ ■ ' . (1 , 1 '■■■- ■ - ' , -■■■'-■-'.-' ■ ' -- \ J 228 roRys. CQ S M O O ( I a >* •< « < ST. 2 S « o ft p • 2d i* 5 8" H •< Q H Si o * « 5 •< - ( 3« 5 s; # < 1 e 2 ■ - - '«-l -I 8 5P -§ 4> O O 3 > y il I I ^ i I >'C^< •2 1. «-» a »5| 8 FORMA. 229 Q e o a < 6 J s !&=■ g§ S s i: O o ti (• ■< a g ^ a ■< o , 3 £ 1^' E§ SB « < is tj H •< a . i ■ , / < * 230 FORMS. FORM 6. Door Card. Battalion. • No. Section. Company. 1 Sergeant. 2 Corporals. 16 Privates. Sergeant In Charge. (Size, 4^x3 inches.) FORM 7. [ Bki> Card. \ ' ■""^^w ' 1 : •■ No. . i Private , 1 i< r • ' " ■ ' . it ;. ■ ■ ^ Company. Battalion. ■ 1 ! • i ..,.;'-.-; >S4 -^■ *■- ■ * / - (Size, 3x2 inches.) ! , 1 ; t t FORMS. 231 5 .J OS a a < -*r-[ V' il 232 FORMS. 1;! in I i 11 i s & A. 6 s do • s a< > X V S ' o p< 09 • ^•S^ • B < as s o ^ M O < • • a •< S5 g -) M AH >< J M V ■':/^ " "■ ■y "-■ ' • o . ., -.. » \ "■'."'• ■, s .-''-'■■'' P3 ■ . f .--.-■■ ■■■.A"-' -..I Ob a o IS 9 a 8 O JS 5 I i 1 •s -s 'I .Q -4-J •s a .a S5 P0RM8. 233 e I 1 2 ^ s f X < 5C o y. < t* 9i < . >> CU a m o O 6 ^ be 1 ^ •.. '. 6 • • ^ '- o in a a o o M o cS ja J3 ■»^ S o . 5! I o i:* '■S ** a ^ « s, « s ^: 5f! • c,. 234 FORMS. Ii i •■3 S S ^ I Hi u e a ' 5 g \ 1 . M a » § 525 •o a at c e « i 4 1 » ' , b 1 , f S ? I o O d » . ei) • < i 1 I I a o a .1 I 2 1 t i ?' *' FORMS. 235 00 o o o S > a g O 4) a « o 0i O f < .a •< 8 3 au - ^ 1 33 OQ 3 s .1 • ^ as t *•> 1 % 1 3$ " 6 s 3 5z; •o § o O 6 S5 bo '- ' -■'- S SI M a S >■! S JR. J •Si '» : f '-. I'' r i , p-j in; "\ 236 FORMS. FORM 12. Pkrmasbnt Pass. "^ Orderly Room Stain|>. rEllxMAXENT PASS. t The bearer No Corporal or Private , has permission to be absent from his quarters till 12 midnight, except when on duty. I Lieut. -Col., Com'g Battalion. 189. i' I 1 N.B. — This form should be pasted upon stiff cotton or paste board, and folded once, so as to be carried easily in the pocket. a o 3 s s a o i P. i a £ o c, c I 00 O * 'A FORMS. =» S a 3 E %m r*^ :# ^^■: -I g o I i a* .S OS a ^ ^ 9 ;3 'rs a L»37 s c 1 i O fi o O f I e i 238 FORMS. I I s c < ^ S 2 E o 1 la it a. S ■! C ? i M ■< is £ k >•■ .2 "3 t-9 s s -^ £ £ § if I •5 ^ -S 5 11 I c i? ^ I- - a go 8 a FORMS. 239 UO 5 i o mm a n CO 'J o i o a i 3 « i • 1 • r. < o 1 1 i • •< .a •< « o ^ s is 9 g 3 * £ s 11 & is ^1 i H-^ I 240 POKMS« " • ^ Skroeant Majoe'h Detail for month of > t ; 5 Guard. Escort. 3 Fatigue. Guard. Escort. Picquet. Fatigue. Days of Month. 31 1 30 1 29 1 28 1 27 1 26 1 25 1 "24 I" 23 1 22 1 21 1 l-H S2 o «* Z! •3 a* CO 3 I- 4> "PS «i «•=♦* gSOoD "C -2 "N "*• P.'55 "O "C III II I _ o o fS pi 246 FORMS. •A "J M O S CO 1 1 1 - > i 1 *, 1 • M •oi 31 ^ •moiji H •oi ^ 'inojj »} a ^ •oi •lUOJJ aj •01 3Q H •UIOJJ 'iSOd •ANvawoo •KonvxAvg i 1 ^ ■ 1 ::i I •«aaKnN r: ' ; , -'-■ ''' '.'■'■ ' .' ''''' ' ''' . ,; avxKamoaH -VHaNaK FORMS. 247 « ■Jt at •< a OS r, o ^ Q u a U H a g as o O o 00 g s (k. O H OS o M M 39 ■< a :^ »5 •< 0^ I K 248 P0R1I8. i 8 Q O S o u • ^ ■ - '\ ^- / 5 2 e s o n • w n e 1 S "■■■■' ^' -J, , . e s ^ o » "'-■.,', , c S 1 ' r ■.■ ■;.:'- '^ ik ..?•"■' -■'.-' ■' '. w :''»^ • ■ *■•/ t \ § ^ 'I* • -iCuvdinoQ 'uo!i«)(^«a d ■■ri. ' 5 i5 '■ 1 PORMB. 249 < lO 3 S g i b O i a J4 £ 1 - s • ••»M«!N ••if»a •! O ■s 1 ■Xuvduioo ■ ■ ■ .• ,1 ■ -• ■uo!nn')«H § 55 * • '' 1 1 ';-..;:;i,,4.S,v.a.,. <...,.... '-- . - 'jaqiunx V. h 250 rOKMfl. FORM 21 Captain of tuk Day's Report. 18 Sir, — I have* the lionour Ut report that, as Cnptain of tlie «lay (yetitenlay), 1 iiiHpucted the ratioiiH isMued to the Kattalion, and found them of good (luality and proper weight. I viaiteil the Barracks or Tents of companies at breakfast and dinner hours, and found the rooms (or tents), stairs and passages clean, the arms and accoutrements proi>erly arranged, the men all present an & •■ i ■ § te; 1 JM 1 'i « d . if; i E 1 >. at s o a. ^ 1 6 O 11 c^ I I { •iifj .1 )- i4 ! FOUM8. FORM 26. KKBHLY SkIU;KANT'8 RkPORT. 18 Ah Ilojfiinctital Onlerly .Serts'fant, yesterrlay I jHjrfoniitHl the follow- ing' tint ioH : - • f t4 *% 1. I para(leoral» and men for rations at^ " ' v y 3. I saw the prisoners' necessaries sent to the Guard room atA=^ a.m. 4. I went roun«l the barrack rooms (or tent«) with the Captain of the day at a.m., and found everythiniyr rejfular (except No. room of No. Company). _^ 5. I marched off the rations to the several Guards. - if ^ 6. I saw the sick paraaraded the Orderly CorjioralB and men at and found -, and , and -, and marched them to the cook-house for the meals. 11. I paraded, the Orderly Ck)ri>orals and men for drawing grocerien at 12. I visitetl the Canteen at everything regular. and and and found 13. I visited the Non-conuuissioned Officers on gate duty at and , and I saw that the names of the defaulters were on the gate and canteen t)oards. 14. 1 left list of passes with the Sergeant of the Guard, and handed the passes to the Orflerly Sergeants of companies. 15. I saw that the defaulters paraded, and found all present and ao\iet. 16. I showed the Orders to the Field and Staff Officers. 17. I attended at Tattoo with the Subaltern of the day. 18. I went round the Barracks (or tents) with the Subaltern of the day half an hour after Tattoo, and saw that all fires and lights were out, and everything <]uiet and regular. To the Sergeant-Major, Battalion. Sergeant, ? Battalion. (Sheet of foolscap, one-fifth margin.) < FORMS. 255 w- sir he rid Of c o he ad hd e« id te ed id le re a H g o o ac OS H o Eh a K o i i 8 O 55 £ H 0$ i?-2 3 C "o 2 J i y. V 7> 8 5 J3 en > i-i IS c o c S O 0) JS be c I I 1 ^3' ^ ,^t o c _« " ? a-g § g-s "S s .g on n 4) b b 0) !p « 5 .c ^ J" "S ■*= ' S* ° S £ ;<»0 ♦J c 'S o a JS (3 4) C 1 1 § ^ i From.l To. ^* 1 s Co. Rank and Name. 4) ir d 5 1 i ^ .a I I. o c o 2 "3 eS 4) r 1;^ > s 256 FORMS. oo o to o S i PQ a § & M ^? a( ^ tf ^ g 3 . s m ^ ... - _ - • H "-/"■' . ^. .' !Z5 tf f ■ . ' 1 , ; 6 ^ . >a # 1 \. tf ^ « o I Forms. 267 ^"JRM 28. Battaliun. MOKMNU t'AKADK STATB Of Co. — . 18 DIHTRIBITION. 1/ o Under Anna Recruits at Drill . . IiiHtructorti at Drill. Pioneers Musicians. . . Total. .2 -a rOn Guard Coming off Guard Serrants Tailors Shoemakers Cooks Orderlies Fati{(ue Servants yj./ In Hospital '*"''^ (. In (Quarters , Attending I S»Pi;j',i- Regimental Employ On Conunand Absent. I Ji:% ^t''/^ t W ithout Leave . . In Imprisonment V Prisoners in Guard Room. . Total. Wanting to Complete , Establishment . Attached . o 1 J* O 3 ' i ^ o I •c 0. 3 (Foolscap size.— See continuation.) 17 Captain Conunanding Co. ,\' m 258 FORMS. FORM 28. (CK ('AHiAliTiKH. (To Im- pla4'ed OH thf Itack). On Guard Ootninir oflP Guaitl Servants Tailors Shoemakers Cooks ? Orderlies Fatiurue Servants Sick in Hospital Sick in Quarters Attending Hospital Attending Officers' Mess i Regimental Employ On Command Absent with Leave < . Absent without Leave In Imprisonment Prisoners in Guard Room. . . • • - ■^' Orderly Sergeant. Forms. 2r)9 I 2 n kJ «*• w >* ■5 "a o 1^ Pi O Rank and File. uai^ufl — -fl)iiiia) » " 3 " 4 •• 5 " 6 « 7 " 8 Senfeanto' Mess Married N. C. OffitrerB Married Men Hospital Officers' Mess Married officers Total On Command. Absent r Officers.... VMen rWith leave. 'Officers. -1 V Without leave ,Men., Total strength . ^With leave.... (.Without leave. (Size, lU X 4^ inches.) Colour Sergeant, > .^ 262 FORMS. !|i FORM 31. Battalion. Church Paradr Statk ok ConPAirr 18 DISTRIBUTION. Episcopalians Presbyterians Wesleyans Roman Catholics On Guard Comin{< off Guard Sick i ^" Hospital '"^•' \ In (iuwrters Cooks Officers' Mess Regimental Employ On Command Absent i ^''^*^ '^^^^ ADseni ^ Without Leave . . / In Imprisonment \ Prisoners in Guard Room Total. Wanting to Complete . EIstAblishment . AttAched . Ser^j^eant. O. Sergeant. c 1 E 3 5 ^ 1 a s S ■£ o H Commanding: (Foolscap size). Captain. Co. N.B.— The names of casualities should be placed on the bi^ck Qt tbW etate, as in No. 28, • ■}■-■ IM FOKMM. 263 Field 8tatb. FORM 32. — — - Itattulion. 18 Distribution. Under Anns Recruits Pioneers Musicians . . Orderlies . . . Total Present , Casualties . Wanting. Establishment Supernumerys 6S tfi us ^5 Casualties. On Dut^ Attending; HoMpital AtUlV Offlcer*' Mess Oroonis Cooks Ref^t'l Employ Sick in Hosp'tl Sick in Qu'rtrs On Command. - /-With J° I J-eave . . \ Without •< \ Leave . . Prisoners Total 00 ^ IJeut.-Col., Comm'g Battalion. (N.B. — On card 5x4 inches). m -( '- U \ 264 FORMS. i H £ M 06 M U 3 i 03 O 1^ o M O Remarks. .4 B «i| o ■ 1 'ft StatJ Date • ^^"S Funis men Award T3 -i-l5 B " O » i-ssi 'lis (S§ 8 C a> S « a°| « i » • 3 ji * s & ii « '& d 5 o O "p B 3 — s 8 o 4) Oi 0} O 3l! ft S !K -^ I ^ a a o SJ"o ** i I s H C ll 2G6 FOKMH. OQ q5 2 03 5 ? < h i S B 3 i- Pi a. t 1 "3 2 «•& — 01 1 1 H 8 t*> u hi « B — . d s o Sm •a tj 0) ft e ^ -0^ ■ ■ E s 4) ^ ^ 1 .2 c 5 1 a , 4> CB £ « !P ^ ^ ^ »4 ^ 04 *a •a •qoui 1 1^ •»33J| s, •SM-Jw 1 •< •8JAI * 3 at bod 0) "S 1 1 0) 'id J3 *» « c S,"5 3 » 5 rt H = 4) u s a> IB O d O g C i^ Qg •souajBO JO aitia V rUHMS. 267 2 t <2 o i3 M 9 ■< o < d o "S ^ 1 e ^ u- 2 i 1 M^ • M O » oe y i »t «« '3 § g 2 as J C i i » 1 ■ >> s * tt 5 •o «- a I ^ 1 u S 2 Findin Senter the C< ipon ried. « H E o a '£ g ^ Itsui JO aoBij puu a^tiQ • •paui qoiq.H A(iunoo io uopc [UJH3Q : ■ ^ i I 1 1 i 3 I I |l I § •c s a. c V !►!« 268 FORMS. '8(iO!ii;AJ<>8qo c o 1 i, c i*. uoiiutnjsrKI UOt4t?J.>(lf) 40 OKvasKX I 00 O •poj.-»Aooa>| JO \m(] •uoissiuipv .to Ajilflll •aHy C CO N '5 8 O u o a: B a < o s c C o 2 |l .5 o fe.S "S •Jd(nunx •asuQ JO 'OS. o § a 3 5 3 O CD I FoKMS. ♦2»iO t^ ^•8 o H Oh i «3 08 I at 5 H ei < a. o O G O a. 2 » •'"•MM = is 4< a» .' S -r - * 3 V * S IP oca* i = o 3 * = s!S § § .3 = 5 ? ^ i- sis r. -2- o O ■t; ■n i S C3 J3 jiiia k 'rt rl a^ a 2 f if ij ♦J »^ 23 3 c c3 •S3 "ni -*-' - S3 » 4-' 4J ♦-» c *-• 01 w x: 4^ 2—5 •/' D 5 ■ IS- 22 ^^' o P — ^ ^ ,j .r a! CO TJ ■*'•'" 01 i> O* 3 - o » «•< 270 KORMS. cq 1 o o So o < < 03 If. '■o|anx •s^iioo 1*340 H 31 a. ? s. i CO ic, 5 o •< •< H w 3 u P4 CO H J»1«M ■uix-seaK ^sainoa -lai^M I miiavsjaAVH I ;Butx-88aiv I « H /■. M O u ■< Q < as K A < •saqonoj •sSna n«a i •3(»B8dBUJI •3U!H 2 •qonoj •^eitJAV •Bdtio dBug I •spanqquog | •sijauojCwa I •i*uiuuai3 'spo'a | •83Hm I •.tuBdiuoo I •uonjsinbaa jo "o^ ■< 1 £ >. -Co i '^ a»^ a > d s C 3 Q = ■5.2 bS O ^ S eS « = a E =! SS iS ""Cm eS * _ " S S V> S 2 3— Oj O) A ^ B^ S O . JZ "* ^^ ■*^ *? -§§ rouMs. 271 i 9 K •5 o 1 o ,s » I M I O a ? O " 1^ H S3 H 99 M 3! H H U< O U < o •/; •< CO HdBO .^Jhfjoj I 'UMnoy, I ^iuiij:, I I 30 •Bandog iftitiAV •BUjx-SBajv •»3lJ«sdt>u\i •8an.)t\o,i 'JX •v:&oxji I •qonoj •l-M^M •sduQ dBug •epjufiquos •B'jsuoA'tjji •272 Forms. •R)!unx ■»BO;) J1I3J{) I •ii!X sKapj I •fiuix '"!'^K L •siliiiJis' pun Koiilni{ •saqono^ -^ ■qono,! 'spaTMitiBos •siauoA'tJa a -. >• « a 0) o '-' ao o § Oflg a) 4> t> - o "I o FORMS. •273 i I 5 ''d tit •«1«0 alhuo J I ■(UMnojx I •ftiMinx I ■"•»1BA\ 1 •8UIX 8S-)K Y CO u a: i o tf ffl o o c a; o O o o s H O < a •< •SH.MtKflBUJI pun Haiiing 'saqonoj | •BJ»«a ipjH e 3 •spaBitqBOg ^ 'a)9U0i(tig •iJujUTiaio 'Hpoy I •sayiu 18 274 FORMS. FOBM 38. Hattalion. Rkqcibition. No. To the Quarter-Master: — Required for use o( Ck)inpaiiy, the undernamed Stores. li Captain Commanding -^ Co'.v. — 18 Received the above stores this day in good order. Captain. Commanding Co'y. N.B.— Note paper size: the forms should be printed and bound in books of a hundred each, with a counterfoil to l>e retained by the Company as a memorandum for entry into the Stores Itook, and on being received by the t^uarter-Master, should b* numbered, enter?^ ftnd then filed away by years for reference. FORMS. 275 - 8 o < 9 o n M o H o e6 o o \ i •|id»^ .>*!Joj 'uaiinrux | •»|iinxl •»niK>o i«*io ! •< •Baniog 4a)B.\\ | •8UIX BHOK 1 •SH.WSJOABH 1 u u H O pi: < •9B»i 'Hfliins 1 'R3qi)no,i 1 •Bj»«a H«a 1 •3*)4d| •«)aj|ooq 1 1 •qanod •qiBreM •dBus 'sdBO 1 •>JiuuBap 'epoji 1 a PQ < •pjo.wg "ISUOA'VH ■ 1 ST. O >• -pjOMg ayia s •V^o^s •8uoq 1 I 276 FOKMB. T g o 8 CQ <; 09 B M tf ei O X S a t- o */; < y. CU o S J < t 8 i 5 -•d«o 3JI«J0^4 ■UMnojx 1 •H.)nmx 1 •»1«oo 1«3JO 1 EQUIPMENT. 1 •3n40JI 431«A\ 1 •'MX waw 1 •^uoo luaao 1 HowlmiM 1 •HaiMOH J»^«.^ 1 •SUJX «83K 1 ■H)(;>v8jaA«]{ 1 ■B)(9«Bd«U>| 1 'BJ8iiu)g puv saiJdng | o •ayiU 'Hifuiis | ■8aqonO({ | •8*lfl IlBfl 1 •siioa,^ 1 •wjajiooq 1 1 •qono,i •»8™AV •dnus 'sdtjQ 1 'JSuiiinaia '8|X)>i | i as CO •piOMg •puOifna i o >• •pjOMg ' • ,■* : ; •aB!H t i i s voqs •Suoq ^ V FOKMR. 277 g •< 5r, I OS e . TO H 1-1 ST. O o >< ,3 6. '^ " s i Q 1 •ja«iuux I :sojunx I •1«oj ^wfuo ■U!X-«ii>W •apioti j*jB,w I UIX-8S3W I '}(.:>TI8ill]U\{ I an •JiBH HUH 3H!M •;os' •"jauOittJa I •auiuuaio'po^l I atfjH I 1 5 3 i! o to e 01 278 FOKMV. r. t 'C « •8 ■J»BtUUX j 31 s 'uix-ma)f ai'Hoti jai«M ')|OVfMaA«I{ •mx-g8aw ; putt ai^rtng v. H a m n < 'oqonod be 55 ']l3«8dl>U){ •aura -)auo;Cvt{ I i 'Sold 1 •qonod "3 n •IsreAV ' •dBO d«ug •pi«qq«08 1 I 3 i! S § •s ■g -25 E be 3 .5 $ d !§ d c 4) u o b 0) u £ O ^ ^^, ^, ni IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ■^' ^,V ^. 1.0 I.I 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.25 1.4 11^ ^ 6" — ► Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 ^^^^" p^ ^ PART vin. BUGLE CALLS. Every Battalion should have an easily distinguished "Regimental Call," which when quartered with other corps precedes every call except Reveille, Retreat, and Tattoo. Duty calls should be sounded from the Regimental parade ground ; calls applying to Officers only, in front of their quarters. The " Dress "' and other calls for Commanding Officers' parade should be sounded by all the Buglers ; other duty calls by the Orderly Bugler with the Quarter or Regimental Guard. The *' Halt" sounding annuls the last call. Between Lights out' and Reve'dk no bugle should be sounded nor drum beaten, except for the purpose of alarm. Bl'GLK CALLS. 261 P o s OS a Of ID a o . C8 - A O *• ^ ^ . O 4) , « -^ . o eS "ft a to p a •M O rr-n ir 1 1 ' I^ •n I I I V i.r III iii n% r r I I I |rr% era II " 1[ i nn w p o (A V\% m 1 1 1 s!f'4 S ?!ti:i o < ; I I a IF a a hi o M 0) ■*> ■♦3 a O 00 C9 hi e8 P4 9 -»3 a o r3 ^ -^ oc^" fl o a a c8 ^H. o 2 U ^3 « aJ o P » 5 « d ►7 -^ S <<% 1 1 ' I IHLiJ «1| ffS] MM iiii I IT Til ' 1 1 ' I (Mil •M ti% 1 1 1 ( 1 1 n ,« • J I Hi / O o S 1 S 3 ■g ■3 O QQ I S3 I«UIJ MM !•! iti |!% mil 5 «l- 1 I 'I fTTP Mill I! iJl Mil TIC I I ^ < n I a i^ 3 •I 1 1 1 1 1 rs I II II 00 ij 286 BUGLE CALLS. £-« S e » ° ^n a •♦a '-- s c o I >- -: ti . as "5* h ^ =s ►^ »- '^ o ® ® ops *:. a ^ P CD I I I » > o >» a OS m OB 2 i 1.1 1 _ ItLl tl Mil «U «JJf I It I t ftJJ I ill itu. 1 1 % Ill fTTT It II W CO ti .4B -^j 4^ I t 1 4 ! 1 nUOLE CALLS. 287 I I nu III TT-n l>TI I I l»l II., TTT • 1 I I ; • U I I i II TT .1 1 I IJl. IliJ ■Lli II I nil AH Tm fi I 1% caoa 1 1 1 1 I I— t ID V a: -^ « o i ^ CD a cs J© a u • ml a •S o OB a p' o QQ P 111 «l - :^ 288 BUOLR OALI.S. H mi. II ^ i. % 5 i iNLLiJ rrr^ a in" s I ■9 h i n Qo ML •J >4 in I I TTT III «U III • 11 OS ft 1 1 ft i ,11 II I Uli ;i It II N. o 6 * S '8 02 I I c CO «o »1 I Tim** 1^. Bl OLE CALLS. 28V li *:dn BUOLK VAUA. RUOLB VAUM. •JOl 292 BUOLR CALLS. ! a 1 «;i ♦ •Ul I I I , I « I !»l ^1 , •I 1 1 llil I > i I I Mill HI 'I •MI ■J"! I Iff; I I > r ■ I « li't I ' I Irtil. im Til Mil «1 I I * 1 1 ill rTTTi llli |Ti% !>T| Tl% I I I 11% 11% III ;w <^ y, Ml !. j,V PJTT- I I M . V I rrm II f% fT5 II.! T'% T!% I I I L ' IF ml \.f\ l»T >% r f M™ I IF ! I II .A l>T • 11 Ml III If* l»T nil ' "r% ir W.i III I T'% l'> I I I % I I-- 11% in T'% :m- BUOLE CALLS. 2'J3 ,"s \- 294 BUGLE CALLS. KUOLK CALLS. 21)5 1 , \ 8 fl 2 .o a * 3 t^ »*• « B! i S3 o s t w '11 i1 ft 4h III tfn "^ II II ill I.i I PI ■ ul Mil im 1i^. p 296 BUQLB CALLS. Is eg;:: c a o : « ; a - C CD O (« S o a « CO ^ si P a Q*V Li's ■« o^ • •OS'S ^ «8 S rvHi I p O 9 H r ■ U I I r fi .^ Ifffl VJHS 2 O § OQ li. Hi I ! I •I I TT HI III I I 1 ! Hi I ! I • 1 ' I ij i 1 1 > I ^ KU 1 1 1 I I QtlJ I I (^ INDEX. A. PAOR Abaence, offlcers' leave of (jO non-coiiimisBioned officers' and men's leave of 71 without leave l()8^ 163 Accoutrements, how worn 173 blacking for 174 who responsible for 34 Adjutant, duties of 2» Addressing offlcers, manner of 129 Address of soldiers' letters 62 Appointments, definition of 12 Applications, company, how made 88 Arrest 148 Armed parties, by whom commanded 79 definition of 90 Arms, how arranged 50 examination of 181 in whose charge 38 B. Baggage, transport of 199 guard f or . . 199 marking of 201 Bandmaster, duties of 20 sergeant, dutiesof 20 Bandsmen, duties of 44 Band, duties on parade 128 Barracks, inspection of 46 kit inspection 6<> regulations for 46 Batmen 75 47 197 Beds, how arranged Billets Bivouac 19ft Boards 141 Books, regimental 178 298 INDKX. PAOK HookH, company 184 iniiivirlual 186 ortlcera' 186 , caHualty 183 company defaulter 186 company ledt^er 43 company order 184 company roll 184 company stores 176 ^ court martial 182 defaulter, reifiniental 181 detail orderly sergeant 244 , ; ' diary of parades 183 > di(;est of services of a battalion 179 general order 178 hoHpital (admission and discharge) 188 letter 180 ({uarter master's 183 record of otflcers' service 179 regimental order 178 regiHter of letters 181 return 180 Bugler Sergeant, duties of 21 Buglers, duties of 44 Bugle Calls 280 advanced guard 296 band 287 bread i 283 corporals' 287 defaulters' 283 dress, the 286 drummers' 289 fallin 288 fatigue 285 first post 291,292 flre alarm 296 general salute 295 guard 286 guard salute 296 last post 293, 294 lights out 294 INDEX. «>( U9 BiiKle Calls, j^ pao* meat 2»d nien'H nie«w 285 non-coiiiniisflione ledger ** order book 184 orderly corporal, dutiea of 112 orderly aerttcant, duties of 10& orgranisation 8» roll book 184 storeH lMX>k 186 taking over Sd' Complaints 16^ Compliments, general 131 guards, (wying 90 sentries, paying 9S- Cook, company 113 house orderly 107 Courts martial 187 \ Courts of inquiry ^141 Court martial book 182. sheet, form of 267 Corporals 13- Correspondence, otflcials 187 private 192. Crying down credit 52 Crime rejwrt 260 D. Daily routine, regimental 80 Defaulters 162 . drill of lea* Defaulter book, regimental 181 company 185. Detail book, orderly sergeant 244 Departmental Store account 269 Desertion 'V 141 Diet, prison 156 Diary of parades 183 Digest of services of a battalion 179 Discharge 41 Divine service 56 Dress, non-commissioned officers' and men 172 ofHcers' 167 INDEX. 301 PAOI Dreas, order* of, ofllc«r'« m ordem of, non-coiniiiiwioned otncen' «nd ineii ITQ reflations for 165 Drills 118 Discipline 136 Drummer sentttant, duties of ... gi Drummer, duties of 44 Drunkenness 8, 161 Duties, detail of, sergeant majors 340 76 80 86 roster of routine of on )ci&rd on sentry on escort on plCTjuet of Sergeant Bugler — •* Drummer. " Fifer •• Piper of captain of the dav. . of of of of of of of of 9ft 96 21 21 21 21 98 non-commissioned officer for sick 105 •• " " defaulters i(tt " '• •• on gate lOfl " •• •* on canteen 106 " •• •• cookhouse 107 07 police provost sergeant 22, 168 BulMtltern of the day ifX) of regimental orderly sergeant 103 of •• " coriJoral 105 of •• " bugler 108 of " orderlies 107 of company orderly sergeant 107 of " " corporal 112 of •' cooks 113 of '• orderly men 114 of " passage and stairs orderlies 115 Duty roster, officers' 77 non-commissioned officers and men's 79 company 79 302 INI>KX. B. KncaiDpinerit, foniuition of Kiiroliiit'iit, mode of F^liiipiiietit, how )ila(*e*»^»t*>it IM *' «lftily •..<>•... .. S? rninrninir .. 117 p*rii(ir iitale \ afternoon I.. <.......... . SM' Vfhuirh ......,.••■ *W rctriniental onlerly MTtreant'i report ; ]|6| ration ri'tttrn Ml riH-onl of ottlcerH' MTAioei) ..«...,..« m r«<|uiaitinii IT4 A-oiii|iany ., ML Hick re))ort .' reKinicnUl .<......... Ml I wevMy , . Ml M-rKeant-inaJor'H detail MO' subaltern of day'* re|»ort tSl /'de|>artnif ntal M9 , I retfJniental 270 Htoret) l)ooK -. ,- , , j coni|>any •JT2-& \ individtml ST? Forfeitures, definition of Ift< o. Gate duty 108 General ortler IkxjIc 178 OivinK military information 186 Grocery shop W Guards, duties of 86 commanders of 86 meals for 108 paying compliments 9ft H. Haversacks, how worn 17!i Head-dress, how worn KW, 173 Hospital iKXjk 188 Hospital, regulations for 68 sergeant, duties of 19, 53 I. Individual books 186 Institute, regimental 65 Inspection, barrack room -tH kit 50,126 304 IICDRX. PACR Inipection, iiiedind, of -i iNitUlion 65 of priaoiiera 5ft K. Kit Inipeotlon M, ltd Kit<'heni, camp 816 Knap«w;ks, how arraii|fe** . crime 260 (tui^rtl 245-9 , minor offence 264 prisoners' confined 230 ( reKinietital si<'k 2.'*4 " onlerly sergeant 254 subaltern of day 261 when mac, mode of striking, nio