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Les diagrammes suivants illuntrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 Jl / i 7 A **Thfi Aort Kpace ni life forbiiW the laying of pLiM requirinc « lone time lor their accomplvshment."— HORACE. ! I Impossibility OF Canadian Annexation. CompMmenU of XRA8TUS WIMAN, 814 Broadway, New York. 4 , » i"" k 5 t • tSX^uPEC 1935 f t M rican, who witliout much thought indulges In it, but in our time it is nothing but a dream. Because Mr. Glen in a certain sense represents a .sentiment very broadly existing, it is important his views should bo shown to be imposRi* ble. The advocacy of Annexation is its surest defeat, so far as Canada is concerned, and, grateful a^ I am for the interest Mr. Glen evokes and the kindly words he has uttered, nevertlieless 1 believe that he is doing infinite harm in his advocacy of poli- tical union. This advocacy keeps the people apart. It is fatal to the cause of reciprocity, which would bring them together quicker than anything else for the pui poses of trade, and it is trade we are after these days rather than tenitory. " It is a conviction in the minds of annexationists that the surest preventative of annexation is reel- procity. The annexationist argues that to give a free and unrestiicted interchange of products and ma- nufactures would be to afford to Canada all the ma- terial advantages which she would gain by annex- ation. To deny lier reciprocity would be to force her into annexation, if such a thing were possible, which it is not. Hence you will see that annexa- tion and reciprocity, at any rate for th - present mo- ment, do not go hand in band. That the advocacy of reciprocity postpones annexation is equally true* f '1 ANNKxATioN UN.nsriFi.vm-i: I i Thei'e ig no aif^uinciit In Canada in favor of annex< ation except the material argiiincut, and if tlie material argument is removed by reciprocity an- nexation is indefinitely postponed. "Now, to my mind the postponement of reci- procity witl) (.'aua4la is the most fatal mistake the United Btates can make. 1>ecauHe, strange as it may appear, it does not advance tlie cause of an> nexation in the slightest degree. On the contrary, any tendency «m the part of the L'nitt^d States to inaugurate a policy of force, pressure, or even in- diCFerenci', is Just assure to result in the continued isolation of the two people as that the sun will rise tomorrow. The people of Canada are the most independent .and self reliant in the world. They sprung from a stock of British origin of which the Cromwellian period is an illustration. They are largely the direct descendants of tlie United Empire Loyalists that voluntarily left the United States,' and all the glories that followed a free government, for monarchy in the back w oods of Canada, and sacri- licin;;' their firesides, their fortunes and their tut ure, relinquished the best prospects under the sun for the sake of piinciple. It may have been an un- justifiable sacritice. At this late date one may wonder, and some even smile, at this rugged deter- mination to resist rebellion, to stand by the king, and bo loyal to one's convictions; but the fact, neverthelbss, remains that the descendants of the men who could make such sacrifices still contro 1 the destinies of half the continent ! The fact equally remains, that all the present retaliation and abne- gation possible by the United States will not force this people into a political union, which nine- tenths of them have been educated to believe would be in the highest degree discreditable. Disloyalty to Grea t Britain, who has treated them with the greatest liberalitv and under whom they have the greatgfit liberty, is utterly unjustifiable, and to most Cana- "dfans would seem to be a crime of unpardonable character. Mr. Glen, like all other Americans, has never yet clearly apprehended the atmosphere which pervades the average Canadian home, and G THK UNWIl.l.INC CIILUCII. the peculiar fteiitlnientalltyregartlinff British con- miction which iH jib.sorhiMl with the mother's rallk, is taaght in evcy scliool, and is wafted in every breeze in Canada. If Americans only understood it l)etter they would appreciate its virtue, and honoring a sentiment so deep seated and so alto- getlier creditable, they would not seek to ignore or belittle it. " Again, Mr. Glen, ignoring the British sentiment prevalent in Canada, seems to take it for .tjranted that the ^rench pcntiment favors a political '• relation with the United States. He was, never more mistaken, and his information and iuiluence is most misleading on this point. The French people are, to day, more dr,minated by tlie Boman -Catholic Church thun any other people in the woild, and the influence of that great hierarchy in Canada is dead set against annexation. The church in Quebec is entrenched by conditions extremely favorable to its power and growth, which it is universally believed would all be chan,s'ed should Quebec become a State of the Union. Jt cannot be conceived that the independence and privileges of the priesthood, made perpetual by the sacred treaty of Great Britain with Fiance, would be made per- petaal as a single State in a Union of common* wealths. True, it is a mistaken view to suppose that this cou 1 not be done, lor any State of the Union may do as it pleases with regard to its church, its priesthood or its religious matters. There is no provision in the Federal Constitution that would interfere. But the change fi'om exist log highly favorable conditions would be viewed with appre- hension, while the possibilities of the introduction of a new life, new institutions, greater intelligence and greater independence as the result of republi- can institutions, make it simply out of the question to believe that in the life time of anyone living, the French people, while under the influence of the Church of Rome, will favor annexation to the Urdted States. ' Of course, the Canadians can be left to their own devices, and the result will bo seen in half a No AXNKXAIUtN (JU«>\VTII. I if f ai^aiust the wish of her people. A revolution in Canada would T>e a necessary antecedent to annex* ation, and revolution implies a political discontent, which in Canada is entirely absent. They may bo politically discontent for the moment with the party in power, but the remedy of a change is in ^ ANN'RXATION UNNECF>8AUY. l^ their own hands, and the remedy will be qalokly availed of when elections occur. In view of the oonstltutional difUouItieH, In the absence of political discontent, how on earth annexation Is over to be brought about In our days seems to mo difficult to comprehend. Certainly Its advocacy on the lines laid down by Mr. Glen, has a tendency to indU' finitely pontpoue it. " My pnsitlon in this matter is simply this : That annexation' is unnecesHaju, is uiidefllrable and is imposHlble. It in onuece^.sary, because all that annexation would achieve so far as tra