SciHiC5es CcHporation .^ ^ o^ CIHM/iCMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical IMicroroproduction* / Institut Canadian da microraproductions hittoriquas Technical ancl Bibliographic Notaa/Notaa tachniquaa at bibliographiquaa Tha Inatituta haa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibiiographically uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may aignificantly changa tha uaual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. Q □ D D Colourad covara/ Couvartura da coulaur |~n Covara damagad/ Couvartura andommagia Covara raatorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura raatauria at/ou pailicuMa Covar titia miaaing/ La titra da couvartura manqua Colourad mapa/ Cartaa gAographiquaa an coulaur □ Colourad inic (i,a. ochar than blua or blacic)/ Encra dd coulaur (i.a. autra qua biaua ou noira) □ Oolourad plataa and/or illuatrationa/ Pli Planchaa at/ou illuatrationa an coulaur Bound with othar matarial/ RaliA avac d'autraa documanta Tight binding may cbuaa ahadowa or diatortton along intarior margin/ i.a raliura sai^rte paut cauaar da I'ombra ou da la diatortion la long da la marga IntAriaura Dijinic laavaa addad during raatoration may appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar poaaibia, thaaa hava baan omistad from filming/ II aa paut qua cartainaa pagaa blanchca ajoutiaa lora d'una raatauration apparaiaaant dana la taxta. mala, loraqua cala Atait poaaibia, caa pagaa n'ont paa 4t« fiim*na. 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Pagaa da coulaer Pagaa damagad/ Pagaa andorimagAaa Pagaa raatorad and/o Pagaa raataurAaa at/ou paiiieui^aa Pagaa diacolourad, atainad or foxa Pajaa dicoiortea, tachatiaa ou piquAaa Pagaa datachad/ Pagaa dAtach^ai Showthrough Tranaparanca Quality of prii Qiialiti InAgaia da i'impraaaion Includaa auppiamantary matarE; Comprand du matirial auppl4mantaira Only adition availabia/ Sauia teition diaponibia I — I Pagaa raatorad and/or laminatad/ I — I Pagaa diacolourad, atainad or foxad/ I I Pagaa datachad/ [~~| Showthrough/ I I Quality of print variaa/ I I Includaa auppiamantary matarial/ r^ Only adition availabia/ Tl P< o1 fil O b< th si ol fil si oi Pagaa wholly or partially obscured by arrata alipa, tiaauaa, ate. hava baan rafilmad to anaura tha baat possibia imaga/ Laa pagaa totalamant ou partiallamant obacurciaa par un fauillat d'arrata, una palura, ate, ont 4t4 filmiaa i nouvaau da fa^on i obtanir la malilaura imaga poaaibia. lOX MX " 18X 22X 2iX aox J \ n -L- .«. 12X IfX aox MX ax »x tails du >difi«r riag* The copy filmed here has been repror (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different r«tduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: 1 2 3 1 Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprim6e sont filmfo en commenpant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la derniAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, salon le cas. Tous les autres exemplairds originaux sont filmte en commenpant par la premlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'iilustration et en terminant par la dernlAre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaftra sur la dernlAre image de cheque microfiche, seton le cas: le symbols — ► sign^fie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tabieeux, etc., peuvent Atre filmAs A des taux de rAduction diff Arents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA, 11 B%i. filmA A partir de Tangle supArieur gauche, de gruche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'imeges nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 6 • w!i*s«*MMi«8ii«aisas^ 1 ta' t I i;. BlbRANd^ PAMP^ETS ■iMMM AMERICAN By J- S- WILLISON (R»|>rtnt*i troni t^ Ti^Htente Globe* Otft*ef>4» 1899) TORbNTO • OE0ROE N. MORAFfG «t COMPANY, LfaniM^ Pfiec trCiiai 4- '^i mmm y :; -fl^wWMiWIBWm^ ^ >r«u«i ri From The Globe, October 14, i8gg THE AMERICAN SPIRIT The strong and unequivocal utterances of Sir Wilfrid Laurier at Chicago, couched in the sympathetic eloquence of a master of English speech and backed by the impres- sive personality of the man, have had a distinct effect upon American opinion, and will ac least do something to mellow the tone and improve the temper of international relationships. But while we may look with some confidence to an early reference of the Alaskan boundary question to arbitration, beyond that we shall receive no concessions from the Washington Government. The word is, perhaps, badly chosen, for we do not seek concessions, and an agreement to arbitrate is not a concession upon the one side or the other. We desire only inter- national good neighborhood, rational trade relations, and a frank recognition of our right to make our own position on this continent. Whether the principle of freedom or of restriction shall dominate in our com- mercial relationships rests with the United wiinmfflmp^ 3a States. We do not ask the Government at Washington for privileges in American markets for which we cannot give com- pensation in Canadian markets. We do not ask for privileges for our transportation agencies that are not fairly earned by services rendered to the border communities of the United States. We do not seek through deliberate unneighborliness to deny the American people fair access to our natural resources, and we do not expect that they will quarrel with Canadian legis- lation that is designed to preserve for Ca- nadians the largest benefits from these resources, or that they will expect us to welcome American legislation that may be designed to make our resources tributary to the progress and prosperity of American communities. For the moment we cannot think that Canada exercises her fair share of political or of moral power on this continent. The masses of the American people know only that our population is small. They know nothing of our great extent of tenitory and rich natural resources. They know nothing of our growing influence in the great empire to which we belong. They are so enmeshed in their own affairs, so proud of their wonderful growth and expansiou, so con- I ii i v t' V ?■ ii vinced that their stature fills the earth, that they have no thought for other communities, except when a conflict of interests or a clash of sympathies turns them momentarily from the supreme consideration of their own great concerns. It is from this standpoint that the speeches of Sir Wilfrid Laurier at Chicago will turn attention toward Canada, develop interest in Canada, and do good for Canada. His position at the banquet at the Auditorium was difficult and delicate. The occasion was social. His words must be within terms of the strictest courtesy. He could introduce no jarring note. He could not be aggressive, hardly controversial. Yet he spoke with clearness, firmness and decision. He put no varnish on the exist- ing relations between Canada and the United States ; and, while now and then he cohered the company to very serious, if not to ominous, silence, the final issue of his argu- ment compelled their assent, and they doubt- less respected Canada more than ever before because of the resolute candor and courage of its eloquent spokesman. He kept his head, he made no appeal to the mob, he uttered no cheap rhetoric, and it is to the credit of the American press thai it under- stood the man and his motive, and that a manly man and a manly speech have found 3 WH" BB" mm kja esteem and appreciation amon^ all the better journals of the United States. Still the dominant note of the festivities at Chicago was that of aggressive, invincible Americanism. There is the arrogance of numbers and the very insolence of power in many of the utterances of American poli- ticians. However it may be in the south and north, it is manifest that in the west the expansion feeling has taken possession of the people, and the speeches of Mr. Mc- Kinley and of his Ministers were direct appeals to the spirit of the masses. They were militant in tone and jingoistic in essence, and the way they were received proves that the war spirit, the lust of con- quest and the vanities of power and posses- sion are as native in the American democ- racy as in any despot-ruled, war-making empire that the world has ever seen. It would be folly to deny that there is danger in this feverish war spirit, in this pride of material prosperity, and that to many millions of the American people aggression could easily assume the disguise of a crusade for liberty, and that to these a satisfactory definition of freedom is the royal will and pleasure of the American Republic. While this is true, one cannot but admire the exuberant and aggressive patriotism of 4 1 i H ! i H the American people. Their love of country is a passion. They reverence their flag. They believe that it stands for freedom and for the most sacred causes of humanity, and they honor it and cheer it and exalt it with an invincible enthusiasm. Most characteristic of all, they take the Pole and the Swede and the Frenchman and the German and the Irishman, they receive all the tribes of the earth into the great American household, and they put them into the crucible of American ideas and aspirations, and make them as aggressively American as the native- born descendants of the men of Bunker Hill and Massachusetts Bay. They have made their country a land of refuge for the oppressed and down-trodden of the old- world communities. They have touched their hearts with the rhetoric of freedom and baptized them at the altar of American institutions. V/hile our greatest need is population, some of our western politicians treat the immigrant as a party issue, exagger- ate his poverty however nobly incurred, meet him with insult, and advocate an enduring disfranchisement. The attitude is unspeak- ably foolish ; it is treasonable and criminal. We cannot afford to be indifferent as to the character of the people we invite to Canada, but we have room here for millions of the 5 northern races, and we should be tender of their poverty, we should be zealous for their settlement under satisfactory conditions, and we should nurture them with care and con- sideration into a stalwart Canadianism. Again, we should not by exaggerated alarm over every temporary ebullition of feeling in Quebec rush into frantic denuncia- tion of the French-Canadians, and so tend to drive them into a solid mass of dissentients, and set up the mischievous anti-national idea that there is room for only English-speaking people in this free country. We want more of Canadian and less of French-Canadian, or even of English or Irish Canadian. We do not blame the Scotchman if he still loves Scotland, or the Englishman if he still loves England, and why should we make it a reproach to the Frenchman if he still loves France? Speech is as free in Quebec as in Ontario. We would quarrel if the man of Quebec sought to make us into French-Ca- nadians, and so long as he is a loyal subject of Canada cannot we afford to be patient with his inherited sympathies and so win him to greater community of feeling and interest with ourselves and to fuller partner- ship in all the ambitions and concerns of this new commonwealth? He has as much right here as we have, and by reproach, insult and 6 i >< I ak, -4 /< ■| ; attack we can only make him feel as an out- cast in his own land, and disrupt, divide and distress our common country. One comes out of the presence of such vociferous and aggressive Americanism as was witnessed at Chicago, and turns with something like despair to the petty bickerings and village squabblings of Canadian politics. Surely we can find higher aims and larger issues for our people. We are at last on the highway to nationhood. There was hope that racial and religious quarrels had been put behind us for ever. But again the sky is overcast, and many of our journals and politicians are seeking local popularity and party success through the mischievous and dangerous incite- ment of racial passions. We have had three years of peace, and these have been the most fruitful and the most splendid years of all our history. They who would disturb this happy condition and revi\ • the miser- able feuds and paltry quarrels of arker days take a great responsibility, and must answei^ for it to the Canadian people. If we keep our feet in the true paths of progress we shall in ten years have ten or twelve millions of people in this country ; we shall have a numerous commercial and industrial popula- tion in Ontario and Quebec ; we shall have great mining communities in the east, in 7 tv •^^mm' U <'immmswmmmm»m>tim!gms»it%iimm»,. northwestern Ontario and in the Pacific Pro- vince ; we shaii have another great through railway in the v/est ; we shall have a numer- ous and prosperous population in the rich Saskatchewan country, and shall have settle- ment spread' ig away out into the Peace River Territories ; we shall have perfected our channels of water *-ransportation, and be carrying an enormous volume of the products of the west over Canadian routes, and sen'^i- ing them out to the ultimate markets from Cai-ridian ports ; and, best of all, we shall have won the right to speak on more equal terms with our neighbors, and have vastly enhanced our moral and political power on this continent. For this great task we need all our energies, we need all our enthusiasm, we need a united people, so full of their mission and so determined in their purpose that they will see only the best in one another, and will enthusiastically absorb and assimilate the streams of immi- grants that will come to. us from across the border and from over seas. Give us more hope, give us more faith, give us more toler- ation, give us a sterner and more aggressive patriotism, and let us have done once and for all with domestic feuds that divide and impede, that make us contemptible at home and impotent abroad. J. S. WILLISON. fl ..«.-«*«<«♦>«(«•<*»■ '■■""''■^•^