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EMIGRATION.

COPY OF

A XcBTTZSn*,

FROM

Mr. JOHJV FREEM^jy,

RESIDING AT

GODERICH,

LAKE HURON, UPPER CANADA,

DATED THE 21st OF JUNE, 1832,

Together ivith a Letter, and Extracts of Letters
from Settlers in the Huron Tract, and other
jmrtsof Upper Canada;

CONTAINING

fiHsfful information rfspcding tijat ©otintrp.

IRAMLINGHAM:
M'. D. FrccmuD, Prioter, Bookseller, &c.

L ^ooG y

IfiHCH io. jtzS

Id-frame, - ^ nruv—

onstructed o. P^^^^ A°./"rtiYi vou »» «:

Guderich, Lake Huron, Upper Canada, 21st, June, 1B32.

DiARCuLSIN Wf.LlAW,

I ^hall be happy to give you all the information
I possibly can, in reply to your Lttter which I receivfi the 1! tli iiist.
^'ou wish for a description of this Country. This new Country, as
vou may suppose, is covered with Trees as ihick as they can stand ;
«juite a Forest. There are plenty of Ueer, but no venomous Animals
to hurt anv one. There are no Rattle Snakes here, and no Vipers,
excepting what is called a Garter Snake, which is very harmless
indeed. Wolves are to be heard howliu'j; in the Woods, and we
have the lilack Bear also travelling; there, and if they can, they will
take a\\ j I'igs ; if tlie> see any of us they will take themselves away,
they are mure afraid of us thai< we are of them. I know not one thing
to make us afraid. We are troubled this Month with. Musquitoes,
i think tiiey are sni dl Gnats, but let n )t a Gnat frighten us.

We had a long Winter, which ^t^ted four Months, the Snow was
two feet in depth ; it was beautiful Sleighing. Winter is a good time
Hut Farmers to take their Grain to Market, and is also the best time
to clear Land.

Dkar William, when 1 arrived here, this Country had not the
same appearance as it bears now. Where 1 now live, it was all a
Wood and there was no Road; iiow there is a beautiful large opening
intended for a Market House and Public Buildings, and also a good
Road to Vork Town, six rods wide. There is an opening of eight
acres for a Market Place, it is in the shape of an octagon.

I have sold my House on the Market Square, by which I cleared
upwards of one hundred Dollars. Ifyouwereto ofl'er me the sum
of one thousand Pounds to live again in England, it would not in
the least tempt me. 1 intend giving up my Carpentering Trade
in November next, and working wholly upon my Farm, as I have an
excellent Farm Lot of 1«3 acres. I shall have three acres of Wheat

r 1-

in /tacl^y for Harvest. Clearin<j anl fmcing of three acres cost me
only fifty Dollars. Ifall is will, 1 shall have ten or twelve acres
more for next Spring. If 1 tlear ten acres every Year I shall sooti
have a ffood lar^o Fann, I siiall not build a <;<)od House the ti.st
Year, only a Shanty, almut 1(> feet by 20 feet, which is built witli
Loffs and covered ir. with Hark, which makes it vervconifoj table. It
i« built in one Day by niakino a "Bee," ut. all Neis-hbours come and
help us for one Day.

My Trade is very good here, I and my Rrolher Thomas have earn-
ed 24 Dollars in one Week, and I should wonder and nmrumrifwe
did not make 18 Dollars per week. We do not always stick to work,
forsomtimcs we are called away to "Bees." Lazy Men can <lo
themselves no good here, pray a(Uis no lazy Men to come, tori
hate to see a la-Ty ft How. We in general get Cash for Work. When
J work for the Canada Company, 1 take half Cash, and the other
half I set off towards paying for my Laud. Land is sold for 7s. <»t/. an
acre not cleared. Our money runs 'm. a Dollar, 4 Dollars one Pound,
a Sovereign makes 24 Shillings here. It is best to bring all Sove-
reigns. If you buy wild Land it will cost !•'> or 10 Dollars an acre
to get it ready for Crop, Fencing is included in that sum. You
mention building. You would not like to build a good Ihtnse at ,first,
it would take so long a time. A Shanty will do very well for the first
Year or two, for it would not do to neglect getting in a Crop. When
your Crop is in, ihiii attend to Buihiing as much as you please. I
will take the Job for you, build you up a good hewed Log House,
20 feet by 30 feet, with a good Brick Ctiimney, and finish it
complete, for one hundred Pounds. But you must find Bricks. There
is aCiL'iilleinan going to make one Hundred Thousand Bricks on my
Land this Summer, I give him leave to do it, and charge him nothing
for "messinff" on my Land.

Men in this Country understand clearing Land better than your
Labourers. If you were to bring out Labourers with you, they would
soon think themselves independent ; particularly if they were not lazy
Men ; the\ w«.uld not ^tay with you long, they wouUl so«m work and
get 100 acres of Land and turn Farmers themselves. This is a good
thing for industrious Men, encourage industrious Men all you can.
Wheat is not less than one Dollar a bushel, readv Money as soon

asdt-.vered. and there are Merchants to buy all khuls of CJruin.
The price of Flour is seven Dollars per barrel, of 1J)0 pounds VNe
sow all Ihe VV!;eat here. Indian corn is hoed in. The Land .s not
nl.u.^>-d for the n.it •hrce or iour Years. We use no Horses the
krsi 'three or four Years, excepting for pleasure. Oxen answer the
purpose nmch the best. A yoke of Oxe» costs GO Dollars. A Cow
10 Dollars. Our Wheat is very poor. Pray oblige n.e aud send me
half a peek of pooH fall Wheat, half a peck of Spring NVUeat half a
pec. of gooc! Barley. a,.d a few go<Hl Oats. Tell «>y Brother ll.chard
to send -ae some of.dl kinds of Seeds, which 1 hope he wnlnot
nedect. Send me one ounce of Quinine, it is the only th.ng that
ndUure the Ague and Fever (it is extracted from Peruvian Bark ).
be sure you do not come without so.ne. as it k much cheai^er m

England tlian here.

Cattle are not n.uch trouble, they keep quite fat all the Summer
bv runnino- in the Wood. ; duri.g the W.uler they live upon Wheat
S,raw; should a Person have no Straw, ihey will live well upon the
tops of Trees, vhen chopped down. A great ma«.y Cattle have
nothing ail the Winter b-t the tops of Trees, of which if they have
plenty, it will keep them (piite fat.

We live upon Pork, Beef, Pigeons. Fish, Venison, ( we had some
Venison for Dinner to day,) plenty of Eggs, Butter, Custards. Pies,
Hums Milk. Tea and Cotiee. We grow our own Vegetables. Butter
a.ul C, eese are made the san>e as in England. If a Person takes one
or two hundred acres of Land and goes ui^u it at once, he needs
1'. 100. which sum x>ill supply him and family well, if industrious,
thev miaht make «nt with a less sum, only they would have to
work bn- dirtereut i>e..ple to get su.h things as they would want.
This sum of Money would supply them with provisions the first Year.
Farming Implements are not worth biinging. such as Ploughs, b)r
they are not re<iuired for three or fo-r years. Bring a set )f Harrows'
TeJt^ for they are the first article rc<iuired. Do not bring any Axes
with you, for we have the best Axes here. Iking all light Irons that
are useful, Hopes. &c., and all the Tools you have. Bring plenty
of Ui'dding. Blankets, au I Clothes; and supply your«clf well with
all kinds of Wearing A.paiel, Shoes, &c. Bring no Furniture with
vou, only vhat is mu»II, such as a vy.tablc Writing Desk, and attw

little things. V'e i,sp no Co-^i, i.-t 'nm Woo?. W;' l.rp, all the
Wood off the Farm. Where I shall live, is the most res|.ectable
ne.ghhouih(KKl on the Huron Tract, and is situated ab )ut eleven .Miles
from the Town. I have given up the Land I Hrst took, and have
situated iu\<elf „.u. h better. A Stage Coach runs p.ist ...y ini to
York Town once a Week. Four Schooners sail regularly. Goderich
will be a good place for Trading and Farming, much better than
Guelph on ac ..-int of the Water. The best way to come here is to
come by Quebec, which is a much cheaper passage, and your Chests*
are not searched. The Canada Company have a conveyance from
Queliec. If you come by New York, your Chests will be ."^eucheil.
The Steerage Passage is good enough for any one, and you are as
.safe there as in the Cabin. Take on Board some Flour, Sugar,
Raisins, and some Pork Lard, one or two dozen of Eggs, some
lemons, a few Onng.s, :, ..u Oatmeal, &c. you will tind these
things very useful during the voyage, and be provided against
sickness.

A (inst Mill would answer nm\ pay well; I believe it would Ih' the
l)est thing a Young Man could speculate upon, and il I had Capital
sufficient, Goderich s! ouhl not long be without a Malting House
and Brewery. Let no Young Man fear to venture u.) ; li.is und. r-
takmg, for in a few Years it would pay for itself. We cannot buy
Malt under one Dollar a bushel at York, and I am sure .1 «o .Id .Jd
here fori A 1 olLr. if time be not a Malting House ,ieaed iiue
within three Years or less, 1 shall build one on my i'arui. It is what
1 have been thinking of for some time, and there is uo one n Go Icri h
luiows any thing about xMahing, whiJi is a vcin in.l.t.l le i.usi.e.ss.
If you taink about building a Mill or Malting, I sHuuhi not be ..fa.iu
to go with you half parts. I could myself erect tl e Fra...e .uid c.n.-
J.lete the Bi; Idiiig, except a few of the Works or Ma him rv , aii.l ,..k-
Millwright coild ctmii lete any thing of the kind. Sliouhl \ou think
of taking this alone, (or any one else) make no dei:i\ iii Il-iIihu in«'
know; then 1 will secure you a good lot of Land lor the pmpos.,
about 200 acres, with a little lli\er running througii the c. nir- . it tin
two lots. The lots consist of 100 acres each lot. This is -a .uMst
excellent platt for Machinery. Write to me as eiily as possible, lor
I am fearful these lots will be tnken before I hear from xou.

T liave culcavourcd W answer ymir U-tU-r to the best of my ability,
and what I have written I sh(»uui not be afraid of publishing, for it is
truth. \\ iicn you come to Goderich bring thin Letter with you, then
you will nml no greater proof of its truth. On the spot its truth
will be self demonstrated.

You \.ill oblige me by letting my Family l^^ruse this Letter, I should
have written to them, if you had not particularly requested me to
write to you.

Your Will wisher, &c
(Signed) JOHN IREEM.\N.

To Mr. William Dovf.,

Ldston, near Saxmundham,
Suffolk.

From Edward Bnxall, hiiv rcsUkniat Coldtialtham,
S'fssex, formcrif/ a Soldier in the 36th Regiment.

Adelaide, Upper Canada, 2Qth July, 1832.

Dear Motiikr,

I take this opportunity to acquaint you that wc
arrived here safe and in good liealth, on the Gth July. Dear M)ther
1 was very fjrtuiiate in bringing my discharge with me, for I toun<l
when I landed at York, on the 23r(i June, that all who could slunv
tiieir discliar.ie, was entitled to one hundred acres of Land, from (he
Crown for their service, which I accordmgly got, so if either of my
Nephews or both of them should like to come over here, I will give
them some land to work upon. Tell them to bring some tools and all
the monev thev can get with tlom, and some Upland seed of all de-
scri|)tion,^ (Jarilen Seeds, and Barley in particular. William Cooper's
Land joins n)ine, out he have got to pay two dollars per acre for his,
and i-ix vears to do it in. There is a River run through the corner of
my lot and plentv of Fish in it, and here is wild Deer, and Turkeys,
Pheasants, Patridges, and Rabbits, and any body may kill then..
Catharine is very well at present, but she was very sea sick coming

over for some time ; sho sends lier hind lo ve to Ruth airJ all ttieir
Brothers and Sisters, and all Friends. Copy this letter and send to
my Sisters and tell them I will build them a (louse if they will come
over here to live. So no more at present, from yours,

(Signed) EDWARD ct CATf I ARISE BOX ALL.

Extract of a Letter from WiUlam Cooper, late
residiufi at Graffliam, Sussex, addressed to Mr.
James Cooper, ofGraffUam, and dated Adelaide,
Upper Canada, 2Sth July, 1832.

" I have been very well ever since I left England,
we v.ere seven weeks coming to Montreal, and five weeks more -oming
up to Kettle Creeiv, I have got 100 acres of land, at "2 dollars per acre,
and one fourth t(» b<; paid for at the end of 3 years, and the rest in 3
years more. In Eni^lish money it comes to, £41. 13s. Ad. in all.
Tel! my Brother James, I saw Richard Carter and his Wife, at Litile
Vurk, they are doing very well and said thi.: would be a good oj)por-
tunity for them to come out to this Country. I should like for all my
Brothers to come here, for here is plenty of work and no doubt but
we shiill do very well after next Harvest.

Eilw.inl lioxall and his Wife, ai.d William Phillips, from Merston,
,.n'l V" h IV.' h :ilt us a Shantee, and lives and works all together ou
..ill i)\i.i Idiid, ue luive got above 2 acres cleared, and shall sow or
7 acres of Wheat this Autumn aad more in the Spring."

Extract of a Letter from Richard Ntal, late of
Stdton, Sussex, to his Friends at home, dated
Dnndas, ^^orth America, 20th Jnhj, 1832.

••I was offered bi. Grf. per day at Montreal but I
did not wish to stop, we went into the woods and found plenty Morels
just like them in England, but the people did not know what they
were, then we smarted for Little York, which is about 500 miles
further all by Water. W hen we landed at York some went one n«v

,o„.c 11.C <.llHM. I . -op:,.d there. Elias an.l Joseph I.cectt wont on
with II..tt,m. 180 miles furlher. they promised to wnte to me. but 1
have hu«l t» Letter from them, but I saw t>vo u,eu that went i.p with
• hem thev tU me that thev both got work for one man. and >cfton
C hanuau's Wife's Brothers ; they have got a ffood place \1 dollars a
n,„nth and their board. A Man will get more a month here w.tU h.s
board, than in England without. I have not seen any fi.me alK,ut
here but there are Pheasants, Hares, tho-.r.ds of Pi-.>ns. and a
few Boars, ami Wolves but a very lew. ther- are a -.eut many
Cherries in the W.KKls, Currants, and G. ^eberries. I p'onnsed to
son.l vou the state of the Country, I will a. well as I con . Fh.s .s a
co.».rc:ou»try for one thing, the people are all of or.e sort pretty
.,.„.h their servants lives ^^ilh their masters and they get u..od « H.,es.
1 left York and went to Duadas, and got a job the.-e tor an Lngl.sh-
„.an the nan.c of Pope, he has been here f.ve years, an.l .s du.n. xery
^v.ll 1 have r>s. a day board and lod^^ing. for ^^\mh 1 Inn. U> ti.ke
o, ;;;/. a dav h. store wi.at they call, you must take Clothes, bhoes
or Hats, or^anv thing that your master work for. I take lo.. a xxeek
p.i.1 in n.oncv.* Clothes are very dear here. Any ma. ca •. eurn
'.nou..h in tJ davs to Keep a Wife and Faudly a week. Dear lut-ur
and Mother d.M.ot make yourselves uueasy about me, for I am domg
verv well Bricklaver is a good Trade here, and can earn a great deal
of monev after you get known. Tell James Clark that I do no, per-
suade him to come over to stay here, but here is plenty oi work aad
yood pay .

Ertract of a Letter from George Hill lolca La-
l)ourer,' at Snllinytm, Sussex, dated Ancaslcr,
Upper Canada, bth Aurjust, 1832.

" We have been here five weeks ; 1 lil.e the
Country here very much, but my Wife don't seem to be quite so well
contented yel. I got work the first day I got here, and have bad
plenty of work ever since. 1 got six shillings per day, (New York
currency) which is 3s. Orf. English i...)ney, and be boarded. Farmer.
a,«l Labaurers all sit at one table here. Wc get 5.. cnglish money

per day in Harvest und boarded. 1 know taat a pour man caji du^.. «
great deal better here than he can at home, he is sure t() jjet plenty
of work if he is steady, and he can live cheaper. Piiddock and ir.e
have rented a very good House at £l, per month en^lish nionev

I have bought a Cjw for £j. and a young Sow for 12s. 6d. \V :
work here from sun rise to sun set, but we don't work so h?rd as we
do at home, we rest tUr(iuj,h the day very often ; they are not so par-
ticul;\r here about losing a little time as they at home. Jane (she is
12 years old) is out at service for a year, at 10s. per monih, eiigli^h
money. George (aged 10) is with a Mr. GaLiiel (iuniett, lat.; from
Horshan% Sussex, a Saddler. Dear Father and Motiier, vo lelt you
almost brokenhearted, but you may be satisfied that we have bettered
our condition by coming here."

Extract of a Letter from John Capclain, to his
Brother, dated Huron Tract, Upper Canada,
2Sth August, 1832.

"I can see a prospect for a good living to be (rot.
Flour is 7 dollars a barrel, which is 3^, bushels, that is the liiohest
price, after another harvest it v ill be lower no doubt as we shall ait
grow our own, and it is now brought a long way up the Countrv.
Mutton I kill and sell out, I can atilrd to Sell it dd. per lb. Beef '2\d.
Butter about Oirf. but 1 shall keep a Cow and make my own next
Summer, I have no keep for a Cow this Winter.

Dear Brother, if my brother William could take the heart to come
there shall be a home for him, as soon as he comes, for I have got a
comfortable House up, and 100 acres of Land full of tin.ber, and he
shall have part of it, but I will not persuade any one to come, tho'
I can see a much better prospect here than in England, if he should, let
him bring what ready money he can and not provide a parcel of thitigs
a.s I did, for things arc as cheap ; here as in England, and tools
cheaper, let him bring a few one sided Oats, a little Barley, Goose-
berry, and Currant cuttings."

• 'i.>»M(f i-n\\

Extract from a Letter of Man c^- Elizahclh Pmf-
dock, who emigrated with the Petworih Parti,,
from Sidlington, Sussex, dated Ancaster, Upper
Canada, Qth August, 1832.

" \\c like this place very well, Allan had 3s. Qd.
pf r day and board ; now he is hired for a twdve.nouth for 2(5 pounds.
We <rot places for the Girls the day we came here. I5«.per month for
Harriet C12 vears old), and 10.. for Charlotte (10 years old;, they
both like thdr places well, there is ..o ont-door work for the Women,
they have nothing to do but sleep and eat. We have got two Pigs,
we can buy the best of pollard at 2s. per hundred, which is about 3
bushels; two bushels of wheat for 10s. and flour is as good as m Lng-
land. Meat is 2irf. per pound, pork is about £1. per hundred, butter
is 7M. per pound, sugar 6^^. and tea 5.v. per pound. Dear M«»ther.
if you were he.e, you could get a good cup of tea. and that large
box, that Elizabeth give you full of snuff lor irf. One of our shdhngs
goes for two 1 -re all but one penny, for they call the halfpence pence.
Dear Sister Mary, ifNou had come with us, it would have been
the ireansofmaking your fortune, you could have seven dollars per
month, one dollar is five shillings english. This is a good country tor
fruit, cherries, plums; and apples for the gathering of them The
Farmers they all sit down to eat together, they go without Shoes or
Stockings here, there are not many stones to cut their feet. The rule
here is to work from sun rise to sun set, it is not as it was at home.
«e can have a day or two when we have a mind to, we have no call to
ask our .Tiaster, we go when we have a mind ourselves. '

Extract of a Letter from Mr. Heming, to his
Mother, dated J^yton Farm, Upper Canada,
2bth September, 1832.

"Since my last letter I have been so engaged
getting in my harvest. &c. cS.c. that I have hardly known which way
toturnn.yself. I have bought 134 more acres of .and. with oO ,n
crop. an.l a log house topnt my Chaise into. 1 have now 3(57 acres
i„ all • the last lot is only 3i nnles from Ciuelph. the san^e road as n.y
first purchase. Emigration has so greatly increased this vc.r, that

a
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I

iHinn. this letter reaches von all the land within 8 miles of Ouelph
^ ill he M.ia. It is in n.y opinion a nuvst beautiful Country, and excel-
lent land. 1 am o.,i»o to hnikl a good log hou.e, to get into hefore
the Winter sets in; n.v Stock at present consists of 1 yoke of CatUe,
10 Pi-s, 1 Cow and Calf. 1 P«me Neptune and another Dug, 1 Cat,
and iiO l■o^vls. includino Hens and Chickens. Mv land is paid tor ex-
cepting the 100 acres honght of the Canada Con.pany. The .nipr.»ved
land sells formuch more than we conceived in Englaud ; quite rough
land sell for 175. (5c/. per acre, ifatallin a desirable situation. I
have not been up to Lake Huron, therefore I can only speak Ironi re-
port; but I am told land of the b.'s. quality tlufe. seU^ tor U*. (W.
per acre.

Extract of a Letter from ^Vm. T. Upton, who cmL
ffVfited with the Pet worth Partj/: to Mr. G. ^^ arren,
Petworth, dated Avdross Mills, Nia<fara Didriat
Grand Tiiver, IQth September, 1832.

"I dare say you h:»ve had bad accounts of Canada,
from the Petworth Purty. for 1 kn<.« that they wrote lu.n.c in the midst
„, their trouble in tra^eHing. hefore they they knewwhat rt was. ^r hid
tin.e to get situations. Iwent from Y.uk to Hamilton, ami alter a
week's illness and (p.ite broke down for ,mmey. I got a situation at
Mr Kersev-9 Saw Mills, on the bank- of the Grand River, at I'ls.
r,d l^r week, boanl ami Imlging. I am the lowest. n.»t understand-
ing it. the others from £1. to i'l l-2>. per week. 1 enquired at \ork
an<l Hamilton, Cabinet Makers wages. «hich i:. 30s. per week, board
and hKlging. and plenty of trade to be g«.t. 1 have been in my place
now 9 weeks, and what with my wages, and what I have made with
tliem, I am now worth :^8 10«. there is a man of property in 1> weeks.

if trade is as had as is was, any one would do better

in Canada, for here any one can soon get an independency.

Ttll J. Lucas, that his brother Ned and C. I'dsvards, are living
close to me; thev get lis. :ic/. per week. Ix.ard and lodging, o ml are
.p.ite sleadv. Write as ^«>on as possible. I cannot give you a moio
true account of the price of provisions than Doyles 'Hints tc, Emi-
grants.' There were plenty given to the people about Pelworth."