IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) A ^ ^.^ , -»*' ■J *V>^ '/ /# Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STRIET WHSTER.N.Y. )4SB0 (716) S72-4S03 i\ V [v •s^ \\ o ;\ o I/.. CiHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CiHM/ICMH Coiiection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. D D D D D D D Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleur I I Covers damaged/ Couverture endommag6e Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaurde et/ou pellicul6e I I Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque Coloured maps/ Cartes gdographiques en couleur □ Coloured inl< (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) I I Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ Reli6 avec d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La re Mure serrde peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion le long de la marge int6rieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certainos pages blanches ajout^es lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela dtait possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6X6 film^es. Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppi^mentalres; L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-Atre uniques du point de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la m6thode normale de filmage sont indiqu6s ci-dessous. I I Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur Pages damaged/ Pages endommagdes I I Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restaurdes et/ou pellicul^es Q^i Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ ages ddcolordes, tachet6es ou piqudes r^ Pages detached/ D Pages d^tachdes Showthrough/ Transparence Quality of prir Qualitd indgale de I'impression Includes supplementary materif Comprend du materiel suppl^mentaire Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible [771 Showthrough/ I I Quality of print varies/ I I Includes supplementary material/ r~l Only edition available/ Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par u>i feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont 6t6 filmies i nouveau de fa9on 6 obtenir la meilleure image possible. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est filmA au taux de rMuction indiquA ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X 7 1 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X 1 1 laire I details lues du It modifier iger une s filmage The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks to the generosity of: Library of the Public Archives of Canada The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. L'exemplaire film* fut reproduit grAce A la g6n4rosit6 de: La bibliothdque des Archives publiques du Canada Las images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin. compte tenu de la condition at de la netteti de l'exemplaire film6, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. 1/ u6as Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated Impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol — ^> (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol y (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimte sont film6s en commen^ant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dernlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont fllmte en commen9ant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la derniire image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signifie "FIN". lire IVIaps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too lerge to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Lm cartes, planches, tableaux, etc.. peuvent Atra filmte A des taux de reduction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA. il est film6 d partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche d droite. et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre d'images ntcessaire. Les disgrammes suivants illustrent la mtthode. ^y errata led to snt ine pelure. a^on d 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 M CORPS THE S ^ t s* .. «& PRINTED BY ; FKINl f> MILL mo BIFIE IinBlCTIOl FOR THE CORPS OF RIFLE VOLUNTEERS. BT AUTHORITY OP THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR WAR. \ PRINTED BY STEWART DERBiSHIRE & GEORGE DESBARAT3>, PKINTRR TO THE QCEKN's MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. 186)iJ. ■T , •' •.5 ■»: \J !':""'' '1 ^. : p '* m 'f I k PREFACE. Volunteers, having other occupations, cannot be expecled to devote many hours a-day to drill and rifle practice ; under this consideration the Author has endeavoured to reduce the system explained in the following Manual to the simplest form. He has restricted himself as nearly as possible to the movements and formations recommended by Sir Charles Napier, in his excellent "Letter on the Defence of England," namely : " 1. To face right and left, by word of command, " 2. To march in line, and in column. "3. To extend and close files as light infantry, with " supports. '''* " 4. To charge front in extended and in dose order. " 5. To relieve the skirmishers. ,y i " 6. To form solid squares, and ^* rallying squares.''^ ■ i \i " 7. To form an advanced guard." • and he strongly recommends all volunteers to follow the advice of that talented soldier, — " Do not let any one persuade you to learn wwc," D. Lysons, Colonel, /;* < ,: Assistant Adjutant -General. s IS'OTICE. ar. The instructions contained in this edition of the Drill and Riflk: Instructions are strictly according to the regulations laid down in the "Field Exercise of Infantry," with the exception only of those regarding the distance between the ranks. -.r-.^r In order to simplify the drill it is recommended in this manual that the rear rank of ^'olunteer corps shall be placed at a pace and a half (45 inches) from the front rank, instead of a pace (30 inches)^ as in the line. This arrangement enables the volunteers to march in line or column with trailed arms, to form four deep, to perform the manual exercise, and to pile arms, without previously maving the rear rank ; in the line tne rear rank is obliged to increase its distance from the front rank in various ways, to permit of the above movements ; it is only when the men are standing still doing nothing that the ^0-inch distance is used in rifle regiments of the line. As many corps have already adopted the line formation of 30' inches between ranks, the additional instructions which are entailed by that arrangement are embodied in the foot notes of this edition, so that the directions herein contained are equally applicable to* either system. This manual is more especially intended for the use of volunteers! in the ranks. The officers are recommended to procure the " Field- Exercise OF Infantry" in addition, in order that they may be able: to study the battalion movements alluded to in the following pages. ^1» D. Lysons, Colonel, Assistant Adjutant-General. 7- ' a n CONTENTS. ^1« General Remarks PAOI 6 FIRST DRILL. \ i 1. Squad falling in ,... 6 2. Telling x.ff « 3. Method of Teaching • 4. Opening for Squad D»"ill ; T 5. Position of the Volunteer 7 6. Dressing in Open Files. 7 7. Standing at Ease 8 8. Facings 8 9. Closing the Squad 10 10. Drei'sing in Close Files 10 11. Dismissing a Squad 10 SECOND DRILL. 1- Falling in, and Facings in Close Files .. i ..... .^ « 10 2. Cadence and Length of Pace 11 3 Marching in Quick Time «. 11 4. Stepping Out 9.nd Stepping Short and Marking; Time. 12 6. Wheeling...... , 12 6. The Diagonal March 13 7. Breaking off, and £U>- assembling 14 8. Marching in Double Time 14 THIRDDRILL. ;. ... ; i 1. File Marching 14 2. Wheeling in Files 15 3. Files tbrming Squad 15 4. The Side or Closing Step 17 FOURTH DRILL. I .V , , If , •■ // 1. Manual Exercise 17 2. Trailing Arms 21 3. Marching with A.rms 23 4. Method of Piling Arms 24 lA 2 FIFTH DRILL. PA08 1. Platoon Exercise 26 2. To Shoulder and Order from the Capping Position 30 3. To Load from tlio Order 30 4. To come to the Ready 30 6. To Fire and Re-load, Kneeling 31 6. To Shoulder and Order from the Topping Position, Kneeling. . . 33 7. Platoon Exercise, in Slow and Quick Time 33 SIXTH DRILL. ' Oft/ 1. Formation of Squad in Two Ranks 34 2. TellingoflF 34 3. Manual and Platoon Exeicises 34 4. Movements in Two Ranks 34 5. Firings 35 6. The Formation of Fours 86 7. Wheeling in Fours, and forming Squad from Fours. 37 8. A Squad formed, in Fours closing on a Flank, and Re-forming . two. deep 38 (^ SEVENTH DRILL. A-f 1. 2. 3. ,4. 6. I: 9. t1|0. 11. 12. 13. : I General Rules fox extending in Skirmishing Order 38 Extending from the Halt 39 Closing on the Halt 39 Extending on the March. 39 Glosinjg oh the March...... ... 40 Advanoin^ in Skirmishing Order. 40 Retirinf^ in Skirmishing Order 40 Iholinlhg to a Flank. 40 Skirihishers changing Front or Direction 41 Firing in Skirmishiug Order 42 Forming Rallying Square. 42 Preparing for Cavalry , 42 Re-forming quad i ...;....;.... .' 43 . EIGHTH DRILL. ;u'l '!; -•■•» 1. Forming and Numbering oflFof the Company 43 2. Posts of Officers , .,.,. ..... . .j. . ...,. .„ ,, 44 3. Dispersing and Assftmbliiig.'.'. .'..!.'...'..'. 45 4. Advancing, Retiring, Wheeling, &c 46 '6. Wheeling into Column of Subi-divisions or Sections 45 ' -6. Manual and Platoon Exercises , 46 '7» Formation of Company. Square i . 46 ^ % Dismiasing a Company. 47 A i PAOB . 26 . 30 . 30 . 30 . 31 . 33 . 33 NINTH BRILL. 1. The Company Extending, Closing, &o 47 2. Tiie Alarm, or Look out for <'avttlry 48 3. Skirmishers closing on the Support 48 4. Relieving Skirmishers 49 5. Re-inforcing, or extending a Line of Skirmishers to a Flank. ... 60 6. Bugle Calls 61 7. Proving a Company 63 8. Marching at Ease 64 BATTALION FORMATIONS AND MOVEMENTS. . . . . 34 .... 34 .... 34 .... 34 .... 36 .... 36 .... 37 [oing .... 38 ,•»•')■> *i -I .^v . . . . 38 . . . . 39 . . . . 39 . . . . 39 . . . . 40 . . . . 40 .... 40 .... 40 .... 41 . . . . 42 . . . . 42 . . . . 42 .... 43 . . . . 43 44 .... 46 .... 46 .... 46 .... 46 .... 46 .... 47 1. General Eemarks 2. Formation of Open Column 3. Telling off the Uattalion 4. Pivot Flank 6. Formation of Quarter Distance Column. . . . 6. Formation of Line 7. Telling off afresh. 8. Movements 9. Squares 10. Skirmishing 11. Inspection 1 2. Formation of an Advanced Guard on a Road. 64 64 65 66 65 65 65 66 66 66 67 69 INSTRUCTION OF MUSKETRY. Cleaning Arms : 1. Names of the Different Parts of the Rifle 60 2. Dismounting the Lock 61 3. Cleaning the Lock 61 4. Cleaning the Barrel 62 5. Remounting the Lock 63 Theoretical Principles 63 Aiming Drill 66 Position Drill 66 Snapping Caps and Blank Firing 68 Judging Distance Drilu 68 Practice : 1. Target Practice 68 2. File Firing and Volley Firing 71 3. Skirmishing , 71 Registers op Firing 71 Marking Points and Classification 71- FORMS. PAOB Register of Tariret Practice 74 Course of Rifle Training ' ] ' 75 Muaketrj Drill and Practice Return 76 Table of Perl'ormauces in Platoon and Skirmishiirg Practices . . . . . . 73 Recapitulation ...!.*. 78 Register of judging Dii^taiice 79 Diagram recording Result of Practice 80 t I. Vol 1 of men ' pursuits, hours fo] providec ' ' . ! - may rea '>* found a » II. Tl to clean J by stud rt musketr ^i ^ the volui III. ^ i:' pany of .1 the follow ' \ small sq 'W ' '; will the ; Mfft finally, \ .-.i:^^ parts of M/ft^j ( companj f . IV. ^ r . . there are manding number ( 12 per C€ r' become i the aptit V. Th PAOM . 74 . 75 . 76 . 73 . 78 . 79 . 80 '«#» .• 1 IIVSTRUCTIOIVS FOR THE TRAINING OF VOLUNTEER CORPS. GENERAL REMARKS. I. Volunteer corps being composed, for the most part, of men whose time is much occupied with their ordinary pursuits, and who consequently are not able to spare many hours for drill, it is recommended that every volunteer be provided with a copy of this drill book, in order that he may read the instructions between the drills, which will be found a great assistance. II. The names of the different parts of the rifle, the way to clean it, and the theoretical principles, may be learned by studying the book. Occasional examinations by the musketry instructor will however be useful, to ascertain if the volunteers have properly understood what they have read. III. No instructor could possibly teach a whole com- pany of untrained men placed together in two ranks. In the following system the volunteers will first be instructed in small squads, in open files, and in single rank. The drills will then be repeated in larger squa«ls in two ranks, and finally, when the volunteers have learned all the preliminary parts of their drill, they will be exercised together as a company. IV. When a corps of volunteers is first assembled, if there are no regular drill instructors attached to it, the com- manding officer would do wisely at once to select a certain number of the members, in the proportion of about 10 or 12 per cent., to act as such. These men may afterwards become non-commissioned officers, and rank according to the aptitude they show for military duties. V. The volunteers thus selected should first be trained in a squad by themselves, after which they will be employed 6 i\ in drilling the remainder of the corps, and time will eventually be gained. VI. The corps being assembled, and the drill instructors ready to begin their work, the volunteers will be divided into as many squads as there are instructors, and each instructor will proceed with the following drills. VII. The volunteers, u um at drill, must remain perfectly silent, and give their whole attention to their instructors. VIII. The volunteers should be perfect in one drill, be- fore they proceed to another ; each drill may be repeated as often as it is found necessary, and time will permit. IX. A s^'^stem of mutual instruction will frequently be found advantageous ; as the volunteers ge t more acquainted with their drill, each in succession may be called out, and directed to put the squad through one or two exercises, under the superintendence of the instructor. F5RST DRILL. Section 1. Squad falling in. The squad will fall in, in line, that is side by side. The right hand man being first placed, the remainder will then fall in one after the other, touching very lightly towards him ; the t^ick part of the arm just below the elbow is the part that should keep the touch, and will be the principal guide when marching. .. ,. . S. 2. Telling off. > '. • The volunteers will number off from right to left, each man calling out his number thus, — " one," " two," " three," ifec, the right hand man being " one." It must be explained to them that odd numbers are called right files, even numbers left files. S, 3. Metfwd of Teaching. i« In all the following exercises, the instructor will first give the word of command in the margin distinctly, in the ordinary tone of his voice, the volunteers remaining steady ; he will then explain to them^ in the words of the text, the movement required. This done, he will repeat the word of command in a loud tone, the first or cautionary part, slowly and distinctly, the last, or executive word or syllable, on which the men will move as directed, sharply and decidedly. S, 4. Opening for Squad Drill. '/ RIGHT FILES ONE PACE FORWARD, LEFT riLES ONE PACE STEP BACK- MARCH. On the word marci the right files will take one pace to the front, and the left [• files will take one pace to the rear, both with the left feet, and then stand perfectly still. S. 5. Position of the Volunteer. The instructor will place each volunteer in his proper position as follows : — The shoulders square to the front, heels together, toes turned out, so that the feet may fwm an angle of 60 degrees, the arms hanging straight down from the shoulders, palms of the hands flat to the thighs, the body straight but inclining forward, so that the weight of it may bear principally on the fore part of the feet, the head erect, but not thrown ba^^-k, and the eyes looking straight to the front. The above position should be perfectly easy and natural, without any stiffness or constraint. • S. 6. Dressing in Open Files. EYES-RIGHT. On the words eyes-right, the eyes will be directed to the right with a slight turn of the head. DRESS. i On the word dress, each volunteer, ex- cept the right-hand man, will extend his right arm, palm of the hand upwards, nails touching the shoulder of the volunteer on his right, at the same time he will take up his dressing in line by moving till he is just able to distinguish the lower part of the face of the second volunteer beyond him ; in so doing care must be taken that he carries his body backward or forward with the feet, moving to his dressing with short quick steps, that his shoulders are kept perfectly square, and the position of ^ the volunteer retained throughout. J5 '» EYES-FRONT. , ■!. (On the words eyes-front, the eyes and head are to be turned to the front, the arm dropped and the first position of the volunteer resumed. ; ■J ' Dressing by the left will be practised in like manner, _, S.l. standing at Ease. On the words stand at ease, bring the left foot about six inches to the front, the greater part of the weight of the body on the right leg, the left knee a little bent ; at the same time strike the palms of the hands together, and pass the right hand over the back of the left, letting them hang easily together in front of the body j the whole position should be easy. SQUAD, STAND AT £A.iS Ju» - i J SQUAD- ATTENTION. At the word attention, draw back the left foot, drop the hands to the sides, and resume the first position taught. , . S. 8'. Facings. — Plate I. ^ In facing, the left heel never quits the ground, but the body turns on it as on a pivot, the right foot being drawn back to turn the body to the right, and carried forward to turn it to the left, as follows : TO the right- face. TWO. TO the left- face. TWO. On the word face, place the hollow of the right foot smartly against the left heel, keeping the shoulders square to the •{ front. On the word two, raise the toes, and turn a quarter circle to the right on both heels, which must be pressed together. On the word face, place the right heel against the hollow of the left foot, keeping th' shoulders square to the front. On the word two, raise the toes and turn a quarter circle to the left on both ^ heels, which must be pressed together. le eyes and 5 front, the ition of the manner. n IE, bring the le front, the the body on ttle bent ; at ilms of the right hand I them hang e body j the w back the sides, and Lind, but the leing drawn d forward to le hollow of nst the left square to the, ! le toes, and ght on both ogether. e right heel bot, keeping nt. the toes and [eft on both ;ogether. PLATE I. ■I Fitr. I. TO THE RIGHT- FACE- TWO. FiV. '2. TO THE LEFT- TWO FACE. • RIGHT ABOUT FACE. Fig. 3. TWO. THREE. Fig. 4. RIGHT HALF- FACE. Fig. 5. TWO. LEFT HALF- FACE. TWO. Col, D. hysons, delt. f »»» « \i PLATE II. Fig. 1. RIGHT ABOUT THREE QUARTERS FACE. TWO. Fig. 2. LEFT ABOUT THREE QUARTERS FACE. TWO. « / THREE THREE. SQUAD-FI RIGHT ABOUT- FACE. \ 1 TWO. THREE. On tfte word FACE, place the ball of the right toe against the left heel, keeping the shoulders square to the front. - .. . ..;»... ? J On the word two, raise the toes and » turn to the right about on both heels. On the word three, bring the right foot smartly back in a line with the left. RIGHT (or LEFT) HALF-FACE. TWO. On the word face, draw back (or ad- vance) the right foot one inch. < right (or left) about, three- quarters- face. On the word two, raise the toes and turn an eighth of a circle to the right (or left) on both heels. When it is necessary to perform the diagonal march to the rear, the volunteer will receive the words right (or left) ABOUT, three-quarters FACE, upou whick he will bring the ball of the right foot (not the ball of the toe) to the left heel, or the right heel to the ball of the lefti foot, and will make a three-quarters fac& in the required direction, in the sama manner as he faces about. , . < , < The volunteers will also be taught to face, judging their own time, that is, without the words two, or three, resting a pause of nearly a second between each movement. When it is intended to resume the ori- ginal front, after any of the foregoing- facings, the word of command front, may be given, on which the whole will face^ as accurately as possible, to their former front. When the volunteer has previously faced to the right-about, he will front by the right-about, but, if he has faced to the right-about three-quarters, he will front by the left-about three-quarters, and vice versi. SQUAD-FRONT. ^ 10 -^ fj.j,'; S. 9. Closing the Squad. RIGHT PILES-' ONE PACE STEP BACK. LEFT FILES ONE PACE FORWARD- :u MARCH. '.;) On the word march, the right and left I files will step as directed, with their left •^feet, thus resuming their original places in line. S. 10c Dressing in Close Files. On the word eybs right, turn the head and eyes slightly to the right, and on the word DRESS, shuffle up or back with very EYES RIGHT- . short steps, till you can just see the lower DRESS. } part of the face of the second man from you ; at the same time, touch very lightly towards the flank on which you are dressing. In like manner volunteers will be taught to dress by the left. These practices should be repeated several times, after which the volunteers will be dismissed, in the following manner. ;: 5^. 11. Dismissing a Sqvad. ( ■: TO THE RIGHT- FACE. BREAK OFF. As already explained. On this word the volunteers will take a side pace to their left, at the same time ^ striking the palms of their hands together I in front of the body ; after which they • . , 1^ will disperse quietly. • To save time, the volunteers should be warned, previously to being dismissed, when and how they are to full in for the next drill. SECOND DRILL, Section 1. Fa /ling in, and Facings in Close Files. The squad will fall in, and tell off as at the first drill, but will remain in single rank, in which order they will first practise the facings, judging their own time. 4^ t It accur in th to mc Th in th( Th mi nut >vf *t' >.l •'-■)■ : and left heir left places in the head id on the 'ith very he lower an from y lightly you are dress by les, after allowing take a le time ogether 1 they iviously for the iles. 5t drill, ^ill first r ^K 11 ' '■ ' S. 2. Cadence and Length of Pace. It will not be necessary to teach volunteers to march as accurately and rigidly as soldiers of the line, but practice in the quick and double march is necessary to enable them to move together. The length of the pace in the quick march is 30 inches, in the dcible march 36. 'liie time or cadence is, in. the quick march 108 steps in a minute, in the double march 150. t S. 3. Marching in Quick Time, fi- BY THE RIGHT (or LEFT.) < On the words, by the right, or by the LEFT, remain steady ; it is simply to warn you which flank is to direct during the march. The man on the named flank will take two points, such as stones or tufts of grass, one beyond the other, straight to his front to march on, and as he approaches the nearest point, when marching, he will select a fresh one further off, so that he will always have two to keep him straight $ the remainder of the squad will touch very lightly towards him. The flank which directs is called the pivot flank, the oppi>» site flank the reverse flank. Before the squad is put into motion the time should be beaten on a drum ;* when the drum ceases, the instructor will at once give his command. ' i ., s . ,":; On the word march, step off together with the left, foot, keeping the time givea on the drum as nearly as possible. QUICK march ^ WMle marching, retain the position * » already taught, the body inclining well forward ; let the arms and hands hang easily, neither clinging to the thighs nor piirtaking of their movements. '-^> * To enable (he driimnier to Imat the time correctly, a pcnduliitn shoiiM be usefl ; a variety at in^lriimeiits are c»>n.slriicted tur this purp(»>e, l>iit a leaden nliimmct, suspended hy a slrina that is nul liable to stretch, Will do as well. J'he leiifTth (rom the point of suspension to the c( a^ follows : — frn >jUU' 'l? .•enlre of the plummet mu^t bo Quick time Double time '2* '•■4.r:;; I'll' Inches. 6 ' Hundredths. 1^ On the word halt, complete the pace HALT. ^ yoii are in the act of making, bring the heels together, and then stand still. The volunteers should not be halted if they lose step, but be allowed to move on some distance. RIGHT ABOUT- tACE. BY THE RIGHT (or left) QUICK- MARCH. HALT-FRONT. RIGHT ABOUT- TVRN. When at the extremity of the ground ^the squad will be faced about, and will then be marched back again. !•» As already taught. The volunteers should also be taught to turn to the right about while marching. -l The turn should be completed in three short I steps. The fourth must be a full pace in 1^ the new direction. 1 8, 4. Stepping^ Out and Stepping Short and Marking Time. Although 30 ^'nches is the regular pace in quick time, a volrnteer may occasionally find it necessary to lengthen or shorten his space in order to conform with the movements of the rest of the squad ; he may also mark the time by raising the feet alternately , without gaining ground. When necessary, the whole squad may be ordered to mark time. If required to mark time for purposes of drill, from the halt, the command^ will be mark time-quick, on which the squad will mark tikne, commencing with the left foot. ''-'■/''■'^ '^' knj 8, 6. Wlieeling. RIGHT^ WHEEL. SL^UMl -:-,u. -/ ^ On the word wheel, the right-hand man will face to the right. On the word march, the right-hand man will stand fast ; the remainder of the volunteers will wheel round the right or quick-march. ^ pivot man, touching towards him and look- ing outwards for the dressing. The left- hand or outward man will move at a full ^ pace of 30 inches and look inwards. On the word halt> the squad will halt, and every man will look to his front, un- less ordered to dress. Wheeling tg the Jeft will be practised in like manner. halt. ■3' 4V Bif ..t^ 'ft :' the pace ring the I. lose step, i ground and will night to larching. ree short [ pace in Marking : time, a ^then or vements time by . When IK TIME. rom the lich the ot. ht-hand tit-hand of the right or id look- le left- it a full 11 halt, •nt, un^ luer. ^^, i -_ t. 'A 1 - V '\ ^1 PLATE III. KEY 10 PLATES. Captain . . . . Lieutenant. Ensign O Covering Ser.' Serjeant ® Privates i ''"■'* '""'■•i^ Rear rank . . Former Position <>\ 1 Fig. 1. THE DIAGONAL MARCH. „„^„,#, TO THE RIGHT HALF FACE QUICK MARCH. HALT-FRONT / / / / / / / / / / / / //////////// //////////// //////////// ^r^rL>s^r'^'i^j:^<^j:^j^^<^. <';\ /:x /^x /v ^x /"x />s . t [ QUIC MAR( HAI.T-F1 Ji tll< squad is to its or Volin be tiiiig directio BY THE I ("' L' jftUlCK-l t \ ' RIGH1 left) I TUP FRONT- BY THE (or l: ii t;,< retiring the woi i ' 1 \vim ' » I FRONT V n ir ^ 13 A sqiind mny also whrel in any diroction while on the marc!i, by the \vt)rds right (or left^ wnt:EL, tin which the pivot nuni will murk lime, mnving his sliDiildcrs round as the squad wheels round hirn ; in other respects the wheel will be ju-rformed as alre:uly ( xpluined. On the Word FORWARD, BY THE RIGHT (or LEFT,) the SqUild wiH move on in the direction it hap[)eiis tube lacing when the word is ^iven. A squad may be wheeled from the halt on a moveable pivot; the pivot man m;irkiiij; time, as he does when chau^incf direction on the march, in this case the com- mantl will be on the move, right (or left) wheel, quick- march ; this would be done if the .squad were jnteridc(f to move iorward in any directioii alter wheeling. j ^^ 6. T/ie Diagonal Murch.— Plate III., fig. 1. right (or LEFl) HALF- ! FACE. As already taught. QUICK- MARCH. halt-front. On the word march, step off, each man j moving s'raight !(.» his (runt and retaining I during the march, his relative jKJSitioii ^^ with the rest of the squad. As already described. S J I the march has been pruperly perfumed, when the jsquad is halted and fronted, it will be found in a hue parallel to its original position. Volunteers while marching to the front in line will also be taught to incline to either flank by a lialf-turn in the direction required, as fiJlows: BY THE right As already described. } (< r left). gUiCK-MARCH ^' right (or ieft) half TURN. j ' J On the word turn, each volunteer will turn his body the eighth ttf a circle to the right (or lelt) as directed, and move on in a diagonal direction, without checking the pace. , . i .1 < : On the word turn, turn to the front and move on in line to the original front. front-turn BY the right (or left), ll t!,e squad inclines to a flank in this manner while retiring, and is required again to move straight to the rear, the Word will be rear turn. ' "■"' '" I 2a When marching diagonally to the right, the right file will direct, when to the left, the left file will direct, without reference to the flank that was previously directing. 8. 7. Breaking off and Re-assembling, TO THE RIGHT ' FACE. ^°^^ 5- As already taught, FEW MOMENTS » J 6 ONLY, BREAK OFF. .a 'I -> FALL IN. BY THE RIGHT (or LEFT) DOUBLE- MARCH. HALT. The right or left hand man being placed, on the word fall in, the squad will form upon him at once in the places they pre- viously occupied. This should be done frequently ; it is a very important practice. S. 8. Marching in Dovhle Time. The time will first be given on the drum. On the word march, step off with a good long swinging step (36 inches), the body wlJ forward, and carried smoothly to the front, shoulders square, the whole position easy and elastic. As in quick time. Volunteers must also be practised in changing the pace without halting, from quick to double and from double to quick. THIRD DRILL. Section 1. File Marching. Volunteers should never be required to march any dis- tance in files, in close order, except when extending from ** the Halt ;" it is not therefore necessary for them to attain great accuracy in this difficult movement. The movements described in sections 2 and 3 of this drill are taught in files, as they will be found hereafter to apply also to fours. TO THE RIGHT or left)- face. QUICK-MARCH As already described. On the word march, step off together with the left feet, one behind the other. In this march you must keep step, and take care to step off at once at a full pace« i z^ HALT- Voli also b( foUowl SQ1 TO RIGHT! SQl FRONT BY THI (or L SQU TO THE TUl SQU FRONT- BY •] RIGH' LEF A VO foot ; a is not g voluntf St -' RIGH left) ^ Whi lead in j theme 1ft ; file will without HALT — FRONT. •I ? placed, ^ill form hey pre- riportaut with a les), the moothly e whole he pace oiible to ny dis- g from attain ements ight in ) fours. gether er. In d take SQUAD. TO THE RIGHT-TURN. SQUAD. < On the words halt — front, halt, and face to the original front. Volunteers while marching to the front in line should also be taught to turn to the right (or left) into file as follows : On the word turn, which should be given as the left foot is coming to the ground, turn the body at right angles to the direction in which you have been j moving, and move on at once, without checking the pace, in the new direction in (file. f On the word turn, which should be FRONT-TURN. J givcu as the right foot is coming to the BY THE RIGHT J ground, tum again to the front and move - (or LEFT.) (^on without checking the pace in line. SQUAD. TO THE LEFT- Voluntecrs will turn to the left in like TURN. manner, the word being given as the right SQUAD. Moot is coming to the ground, after which FRONT-TURN, 'they will turn to the front, the word being js BY THE given as the left foot is coming to the A, RIGHT (or ground. left). J A volunteer will always turn to the right, on the left foot ; and to. the left on the right foot. If the word turn is not given as the proper foot is coming to the ground, the volunteer will move on one pace more and then turn. i Double Time. — When a squad marching in files, right in front, is rcqnirevi to lorin to the Iront, in double time, the leading file will move on steadily \ in (jiiick time, the r-mainiler wi I make a hall turn to the left, double up to iheir places, and take up the quick time suc- ci ssively as they arrive in line with the leading file. • '" C To the Pivot F/ank. — A squad will form HALT-FRONT \ ^^ ^'^'' '"^'''' ^^"^^' '^^^ original front, I simply by halting anJ fronting as already |le^^•rlbe(l. To the Reverse Flank. — When march- ing in file, riglit in front, at this word of command, the heading file will turn to the right, take two paces to his front and hall ; the remainder of the squad will tonn on the iefl of the right file in succession. IN DOUBLE TIME, FRONT FoRM-SQUAD. I ON THE LEADING FILE, RIGHT FORM -SQUAD. ON THE LEADING FILE RIGHT ABOUT VORM-SQUAD. To thp. Right ah ut. — At this word the hading file will wheel to the right al»out, and t.ke two paces to the front afler •{ wheeling; the remainder of ihe squad will march on in fi es, wheeling lo the right on the spot where the leading file has wheeled, 47 ' I Whei formed that is as it is -J RIGHT C QUICI MARC SQUAD-t Volun manner. Volun number THREE ] is then : Time should in the si Be for the vol I with th( This^ and sho The^ their ri their arj 17 lie right vot, and ime. — files is e lead- nuiiiiiig ill turn t, Jodk- feeli' g ol the is corn- given, r H It- -When 11 front, double jteadily Miuke a o ilieir le suc- uh the ill form front, ilready marcli- word II turn front squ.id jdie iu )rd the u I tout, after id will gilt on leeled, RIGHT CLOSE. QUICK — MARCH. I and forming to the right by successive \ files, as already described. When marching in files, left in front, a squad will be formed to the front, to the pivot flLtnk, to the reverse flank, that is the left, or to the left about, on the same principle as it is formed when the right is in front. jS. 4. The Side or Closing Step. On the word march, each volunteer will turn his eyes slightly to the right, and will carry his right loot as far as the foot of the man next to him, and instantly bring up his left heel to the right ; he will then proceed to take the next step in like man- ner. The direction must be kept in a straight line to the flank. During the side step, the touch must be kept to the closing flank. At the word halt, the volunteers will bring their heels together, turn their eyes to the front, and remain steady. Volunteers will be practised in closing to the left in like manner. Volunteers will also be practised in taking any named number of paces to either flank, the word to be given thus, THREE PACES RIGHT CLOSE, QUICK-MARCH, nO WOrd HALT is then required. ; Time is of great importance in the side step, each pace should be taken and the heels brought up together again, in the same time that a pace is taken in the quick march. SQUAD-HALT. 1 Before dismissing the squad, when this drill is perfect, the volunteers should be warned to assemble the next time with their rifles in their hands. F U R T II D R I L L . Section 1. Manual Exercise. This drill applies equally to corps armed with the long and short rifle. The volunteers will fall in as usual, with their rifles in their right hands, and will first be taught to stand with their arms at the shoulder as follows : — I i If 18 The rifle when at the shoulder is to be carried in the right hand at the full extent of the arm, close lo the side; guard to the front, wiih the forefinger and thumb round it, the remaining fingers under the cock ; the upper part of the barrel close in lo the hollow of the shoulder. They will then be taught the following movements : — Seize the rifle with the left hand at the lowest, band, raising it a few inches by slisihtly bending ihe right arm, but with- 1st, out moving the barrel from the shoulder, SECURE, -^ and slip the thumb of the right hand ARMS. under the cock, bringing the fingers under the guard to the front, and slanting down- wards ; both arms close to the body ; lelt hand square with the left elbow. Pass the rifle round to the left side, and cant the butt to the left rear, with the right hand, bringing the rifle under the arm ; then drop the right hand to the right side. The cock to be close up under TWO. ■{ the armpit, the barrel to be uppermost, the muzzle slanting downv/nrds to the right front ; the rifle to be firmly grasped with the left hand, which U to be rather below the hip; the lelt elbow a little to the rear ; the lock not to be visible. N. B. In marching or standinir at ease, the right hand is to grasp the rifle above the lowest band, the sling or stock to rest on the lelt arm, and the left hand to lay hold of the right arm above the wrist. Carry the rifle to the right side with the lelt hand, and seize it with the fors- 2nd. fingrr and thumb of the right hand round SHOULDER, ^ the guard (remaining fingers under the ARMS. cock) at the full extent of the arm with- out constraint, the left hand to steady it ill tht^ shoulder, arm close to the bo^ly. Bring the left hand to the left side. C Seizi* the rifle with tho left h md, thumb I find fingers round the piece, the little -{ fing(>r in line with the point of the right shoulder, but without moving the barrel TWO. 3rd. ORDER-ARMS. I therefrom, arm close to the body. '.. '■• <5l V f>- TWO. 4fth, FIX-SWO /v ^tk. SHOULDI ARiMS. TWO. PP.ESEN ARMS. Two. M-- .4: i I'. er- 19 Slip the rifle down with the left hand as low as the left arm will admit, keeping the arm and rifle close to the body, and with the right hand, which is to seize the rifle between the bands, place the butt TWO. ^ quietly on the ground even with the toe of the right foot, bringing the left hand at the same instant to the left side j the right arm to be slightly bent, the thumb round the barrel, pressed against the thigh, fingers slanting towards the ground. ( Place the rifle with the right hand be- tween the knees, guard to the front, then draw the sword with the right hand, hold- ing the scabbard with the left, turn the point upwards, and seize the rifle with the left hand at the " nose cap," then place 4>th, the back part of the handle of the SAvord Fix-swoRDS, ^ against the lock side of the barrel, knuckles to the right, arm close to the body, and slide the spring on to the catch, and the ring on to the muzzle ; when this is done, seize the rifle with the right hand between the bands, bring the left hand to the left side, and come to the position of " order *•» ' » • j^ SHOULDER- ARMS. TWO. PRESENT ARMS. arms. f Raise the rifle with a smart jerk of the right hand, and seize it as described in the position" at the shoulder;" at the same , time seize the rifle also with the left hand I in line with the elbow to steady it in the 1^ shoulder, arm close to the body. Brinir the left hand to the left side. Seize the rifle with the left hand in the first motion of " secure arms." as Two. ■! Raise the rifle vv^ith the right hand per- pendicularly from the snoulder to \.\\g poise ^ lu'inging it in front of the centre of the body, lock to the front ; at the same time ])lace the left hand smartly on the stock with the fingers jiointing upwards, the thumb close to the forefinger, the point in i j ,1 I 1 THREE. IfJl. SHOULDER, ARMS. TWO. Sth. PORT-ARMS. TWO. CHARGE- SWORDS. 20 line with the mouth, the wrist on the trig- ger guard, the left elbow close to the butt, the right elbow and butt close to the body. Bring the rifle down with a quick motion as low as the right hand will admit without constraint, guard to the front, and grasp it with the left hand, the little finger touching the projection above the lock plate, thumb between stock and barrel, at the same time -j draw back the right foot so that the hollow of it may touch the left heel ; lightly hold- ing the small of the butt with the right hand, fiiT^ers pointing rather downwards ; the- rifle in this position to be totally sup- ported with the left hand, close in front of and opposite the centre of the body. Bring the rifle to the right side, and seize it with the right hand, the thumb and forefinger round the guard at the full ex- tent of the arm, remaining fingers under the cock, bringing the left hand square with the left elbow and the right foot to its original position, both arms close to the body. Bring the left hand smartly to the left side. The same as the first motion of" secure ARMS." Bring the rifle in the left hand to a diagonal position across the body, lock to the front, and seize the small of the butt at once With the right hand, thumb and fingers ■\ round .he stock, the left wrist to be op})o- site the left breast, both elbows close to the body, the muzzle slanting upwards, so that the barrel may cross opposite the point of the left shoulder. On the word swords, the front-rank men will make a right half-face, the right toes to point to the right, the left full to the front, and bring down the rifle to nearly a horizontal position at the right \ side, with the muzzle inclining a little I upwards, the right wrist to rest against --ilJ .' Whene whole are with sho CHARGE t long trail the wore brought t the doubl the word \Qth, SHOULDE ARMS. TWO. - nth. SLOPE-AR TWO. THREE nth STAND AT EAS] l^th. ATTENTI he trig- he butt, le body. : motion without jrasp it 3uching , thumb ne time hollow ly hold- le right wards ; lly sup- in front dy. de, and. [mb and. full ex- s under square [; foot to lose to 3ft side. SECURE d to a lock to butt at fingers Op})0- to the so that point it-rank , the le left e rifle right , little igainst 10th. SHOULDER- ARMS. fOk . ;H .<■'.' the hollow of the thigh below the hipj the thumb of the right hand pointing to the muzzle. The rear-rank men will stand still, remaining at the " Port." Whenever a company in line charges with swords, the whole are in the first instance to advance in quick time with shouldered arms ; at the command prepare to CHARGE the rifles of the front rank will be brought to the long trail, and those of the rear rank to the slope ; at the word charge, the rifles of the front rank will be brought to the charging position, and the pace increased to the double march, carefully avoiding too much hurry. On the word halt, both ranks will halt and shoulder arms. Kaise the rifle to a perpendicular posi- tion at the right side, and seize it with the right hand as described in the position " at the shoulder," at the same time face to the front, the left hand holding the piece above the lowest band square with the left elbow, both arms close to the body. Bring the left hand to the left side. The same as the first motion of " se- cure AR^MS." Bring the rifle on to the left shoulder,, muzzle slanting to the rear, and seize it with the left hand, the first two joints of the fingers grasping the butt, thumb alone on the heel of it, the guard pressed gently against ^ the shoulder, left elbow close to the side. Bring the right hand down to the right side. Bring the right hand smartly across the body and place it on the left hand, thumbs of both hands to be on the heel of the butt, that of the left nearest to the lock ; at the same time move the lefl foot six inches to the front, with the toes pointing to the left front (feet separated), the left knee to be slightly bent, the greater part of the weight of the body to be brought on the ^ right leg : no constraint. Bring the left foot back in line with the right, and the right hand smartly to the right side. TWO. lltk. SLOPE-ARMS u- TWO. THREE. ■ I i nth STAND, AT EASE. f'V 13th, ATTENTION. 3 22 ^H Uth, CARRY-ARMS. . TWO. THREE. ■' Idth. ORDER-ARMS. i 16th. UNFIX- 8W0RDS. < nth, STAND AT- EASE* Seize the small of the butt with the right hand. Bring the rifle to the right side and seize it as described in the position " at the shoulder," carrying the left hand across the body to steady it. Drop the left arm to the left side. As already detailed. Place the rifle with the right hand between the knees, guard to the front, seize it with the left hand at the " nose cap," and seize the handle of the sword with the right hand, knuckles to front, fingers pointing downwards ; then with the forefinger press the spring inwards, raise the sword upwards, and drop the point, with the edge to the front, towards the scabbard, raising the right elbow in so doing, at the same time seize the top of the scabbard with the left hand, to guide the sword into it. Return the sword, and bring (^the rifle with the right hand to the " order." Push the muzzle of the rifle to the front with the right hand, arm close to the side, at the same time, move the left foot six inches to the front, the knee slightly bent, and the principal weight of the body resting on the (^ right leg, as described in Drill 1. ; -if S. 2. Trailing Arms. ( From ordered arms, bring the rifle to a I horizontal position at the right side, holding TRAIL-ARMS, -l it with the right hand behind the lower 1 band (thumb and fingers round the piece) \^at the full extent of the arm. C Raise the rifle to a perpendicular position at the right side, and seize it with the right SHOULDER- J hand as described in the position " at the ARMS. j shoulder," the left hand holding the piece above the lowest band square with the left elbow, both arms close to the body. TWO. Bring the left hand to the left side. ' i TRAIL-J -^■\ - « * ■ . *. TWO I,. 5. w CHAN ARMS CHANGE J ORDER-A Voluni their om taught tl 1 When exercise time. I com man STAND A' with fix( r Thev. marching to the ri^ to a perf trail aga: When are to be ordered j given, ar commani a named to a flan! the TWO. 23 Seize the rifle witd the left hand, little TRAIL-ARMS. < finger in line with the elbow, arm close to the body. ( Raise the right hand and seize the rifle I below the lowest band, thumb and fingers round it ; then bring the rifle down to a horizontal position at the full extent of the arm, and at the same time bring the left hand to the left side. ( Bring the rifle to a perpendicular posi- I tion at the right side, and seize it with J the left hand close above the sight, and I carry it round to the left side, bringing it j to a horizontal position at the full extent \^ of the arm. ■i CHANGE ARMS. CHANGE ARMS { Bring the rifle in like manner back to the ■ / rii ight side. If ^ (Bring the rifle to a perpendicular posi- tion at the right side, placing the butt ■ il Xl J J J. At quietly on the ground, and come to the position of" order arms.^' Volunteers will also be taught these movements, judging their own time, in the same manner as they have been taught the facings. : When volunteers are required to go through the manual exercise at a review, they will perform it judging their own time. If the platoon exercise is to follow, the three last commands will be omitted, viz., order arms, unfix swords, STAND AT EASE. The platoon exercise will be performed with fixed swords. , \ ., S, 3. Marching with Arms, The volunteers will then be practised, with their arms, in marching and turning, in quick and double time. In turning to the right about with trailed arms, they will bring the rifle to a perpendicular position on the first step of the turn, and trail again on the fourth. When moving with trailed arms, at the word halt, arms are to be ordered, and when the men are at the halt, with ordered arms, on the words quick or double march being given, arms are to be trailed, as they step off*, without any command to that effect. If volunteers are required to move a named number of paces backward or forward, or to move to a flank by the side step, when at ordered arms j the rifle is 3* :M 24 i merely to be raised from the ground, the barrel being kept close to the shoulder j this position of the rifle is called the short trail. In ordering arms from any position, the greatest care is to be taken to prevent the rifle falling on, or striking the ground, and it is not to be unnecessarily shaken in perform- ing any of the motions of the manual exercise. ^^ '■'•■■ S. 4. Method of Piling Arms. For this practice the squad will be formed in two ranks or lines, one behind the other, the rear rank a pace and a half* (45 inches) from the front rank, measuring from the heels of one rank to the heels of the other. It will then be told off from right to left, the front-rank men only calling out the numbers, but the rear-rank men equally attending to and remembering them, ' ' ^ Odd numbers are right files, even numbers left files, as already described, excepting when the left file of the squad is an odd number, in which case it will be a left file, and the left file but one, though an even number, will be a right file ; the third file from the left of the squad will then be called an odd file, that is a rig'ht file without a left file. Should there be a blank file, that is a front-rank man without a rear-rank man, it will invariably be placed the third from the left. Plate IV., figs. 2, 3, and 4. At the word piLE,f the front rank will draw back their right feet in order to face to the right about ; at the word arms, the jfront rank will face about, bringing their rifles with them to ordered arms ; the whole will then place the butts of their rifles between their feet, locks from them, barrels to the right, after which the right file rear rank and the left file front rank will incline their rifles towards each other, and cross ramrods. The front-rank man of the right -{ file will then seize the rifle of the front- rank man of the left file, with his left hand, round the muzzle, bearing it from him, and * The distance between ranks in the regular army is one pace (30 inches) . A pace and a half (45 inches) is considered a more convenient formation for troops ■who will have to move generally, as light infantry, with trailed arms. More- over, at this distance fours can be formed, arms can be piled, and the manual exercise can be performed without causing the rear rank to step back. f In the drill for regular soldiers, at the word file the rear ranks takes apace often inches to the rear, with the increased distance between ranks this is not necessary. PILE-ARMS. ON THE ^ -:5 9 8 —•—J > ^- > ^ 9 s 10 9 cni ng kept lied the care is ing the erform- anks or a half le heels be told ng out ding to files, as e squad and the ht file ; called Should thout a rd from ak will to face MS, the I their whole ' rifles barrels le rear ncline i cross ! right front- hand, a, and es). A r troops More- manual J a pace is is not PLATE IV. ON THE LEADING FILE TO THE RIGHT ABOUT FORM COMPANY. Fig. 1. tl 1, u a a Fig. 2. SQUAD WITH AN ODD FILE. TELLING OFF. FOURS-DEEP. 9 t> Sfl .bo (^ (^ ^ 8 7 6 ■»» *j t-i Q^ ^ ft^ ^ ^ 5 4 3 2 1 ^;SB«) 3 J gCiiD gc:-^ ,cz errs c: ':\;-7:) err:) Fig. 3. SQUAD WITH A BLANK ODD FILE. TELLING OFF. FOURS-DEEP. .b« -it .^ "it. ^ fl^ t.^ ft^ k:; c^ .^ 9 S 7 6 5 4 3 .to 8, 9v ...J ecru 4c- err) crrD err) crzD czr^ Fig. 4. SQUAD WITH A BLANK FILE. TELLING OFF. FOURS-DE • • • • 4.^ .$ ^ .bo ^ 9**^ T~-i»-^ 5l5--« 3 ^ (^ ^^ a^ 1 (ltB>^ ^««i« 'V...^ 4 4 3 2 1 •jCrrD I bcrrD 7cfr3 scrn 3 4 ilf f-: '••.,.. • •■;i-'/ t: .i " • ?.' H •»■ "'''■.'.'.'' ST\ND CLE. ■ ^,,, . ,: , STAND T( . ",>;'.. , . , i * • . - ' , . UNPILE-AR] s i i .i • ' ; • I ; . : • . ; Vi . i ; I ' , ^ ^ ' It is nec< to prevent I? f, PLATOON ^1 EXERCISE ; AMOTIONS. STANDING ')-f I'si AS A FROK (or REAR .^^,,,1 !.,.,RANK. ,j^, PREPARE ■] LOAD. ii H'lsjr ./■;.. Oil! i>r ,c..>.i 25 Mi[:r !■ \i'.- : .'•111? ' ri.iiiii: •Ji «.lf i ■•li' I with the right hand he will pass his own ramrod between the ramrods and muzzles of the two firelocks already crossed ; the left file rear rank will then lodge his rifle between the muzzles of the rifles of the front rank, sling uppermost. When there is an odd file, that is a right file without a left file, each man of the file will lo^dge his rifle against the pile nearest his right hand. Ranks take a pace of ten inches back- wards and face towards the pivot flank. Ranks facing towards the pivot flank, will face inwards and close on their arms by taking a pace of ten inches forward. At the word unfile, seize the rifle with the right hand under the top band, front rank at the same time drawing back their right feet in order to face to the right about ; at the word arms, unlock the ram- rods without hurry, by inclining the butts inwards, and come to ordered arms, the ^ front rank will then front. It is necessary to be careful in piling and unpiling arms to prevent damage being done to the ramrods and sights. ST/IND CLEAR. STAND TO. if?: .■ ,(■ UNPILE-ARMS. « tSi i;. ; FIFTH DRILL. Section 1 . Platoon Exercise. 1 ', ■.< 1 ' PLATOON EXERCISE BY ! To serve as a caution, the squad stand- LiGTioNS. ]ii?g with shouldered arrasl. , STANDING. J AS A FRONT f From the shoulder. -r-Seize the rifle as (or rear) I described in the, first movement of "order ! •,, RANK. \ " arms," and make a half face to. the right, PREPARE TO I left toes pointing tq tho jfrbnt, right toes to ^^ the right, eyes to th6 fronts ' As afro7ttrank.—rC&rxY the left foot ten inciies to the left front in a diagonal directiori, carrying the body with it. Asa rear rank.^-Catxy the left^ foot six inches to the front, moving the body with it, shoulders to be sqilafe to the front. Bring the rifle down in the left hand, and place LOAD. ■'li Oli II ) 3a I i ' 1 ' 26 TWO. i k i' LOAD. TWO. THREE. M FOUR. FIVE. 't- ■ ROD. li: TWO. h'u: I the butt quietly on the ground against tht inside of the left foot, barrel to the front ; at the same time slip up the left hand, and seize the rifle round the nose cap, thumb ix)inting to the muzzle, arm close to ihe side ; carry the right hand at once to the pouch (elbow to the rear), take up a cart- ridge, holding it with the forefinger and thumb close to the top, with the bullet in the palm of the hand. Bring the cartridge to the forefinger and thumb of the left hand, and carefully tear off the end w^ithout spilling the powder, then replace the finger and thumb as before. Bring the cartridge to the muzzle, and pour the powder into the barrel, turning the elbow up, and palm of the hand to the fVont. Reverse the cartridge by turning the knuckles to the front, and put the bullet in the barrel nearly as far as the top, still holding the paper close above the bullet, elbow up. By a turn of the wrist from left to right, and dropping the elbow into the side, tear off the paper ; when this motion is com- pleted, the little finger is to rest against the side of the barrel, the kmrVles inclining towards the ground. Seize the head of the ramrod between the forefinger and thumb, knuckles towards the body. Force the ramrod up and seize it in the middle between the first two fingers and thumb of the right hand, the remaining fingers to be closed in the hand, knuckles towards the body, elbow as high as the wrist. Draw ^'^.e ramrod straight out, turn it over towards the front, and place the head of it on the bullet, still holding the ramrod with the two first fingers and the thumb, the remaining fingers closed in the hand, knuckles to the front, elbow near to the ^ ramrod, shoulders square. ? ♦' HOM i.U-i ti}y' •: TW( THRI FOU I"* RETUI TWi fSv. CA Si'" ^'- T^ 1st the 5 front ; [id, and thumb to I he to the a cart- [er and ullet in ger and lly tear er,then )re. :le, and ing the e front. ng the illet in lolding [)ow up. right, de, tear is com- inst the iclining etween ;owards t in the ers and naining tiuckles as the turn it le head ramrod thumb, e hand, to the ^ HOME. TWO. THREE. tA»"'? L''« FOUR. RETURN. TWO. ct- m i-L. *i>Mi f CAPi > ■ • i oil. >•."• TWO. 27 Force the biiUot down till the second fingor touches the barrel, bringing the elbow close to the body. (Slip the right hand up to the point of the ramrod, and seize it between the first two fingers and thumb, knuckles to the front, the arm to be kept as close to the ramrod as possible. Force the bullet steadily to the bottom, bringing the elbow down close in to the body, inclining the knuckles to the right. By two firm pressures, raising the ram- rod about one inch on each occasion, as- -. certain that the bullet is resting on the I powder ; all strokes which may indent the 1^ point of the bullet to be avoided. J Draw up the ramrod and seize it in the \ middle as in the first motion of the " rod." Draw the ramrod straight out, turn it over, the point towards the front, and put it into its place, pressing it towards the body in so doing to prevent the point catching the band, raise the right hand, place the second joint of the forefinger on the head of the ramrod and force it home ; then seize it between the second joint of the forefinger and thumb, and slip the left hand down at the same instant to its full extent and seize the rifle. Turn the shoulders and body a half face to the right without moving the feet, bring the rifle to the right side, in a horizontal position, with the left hand which will grasp it behind the lower baud, thumb between stock and barrel ; at the same time meet the small of the butt with the right hand, fingers behind the trigger guard, half cock the rifle with the thumb, left arm close to the body. As a front rank, the small of the butt must be pressed against the hip j as a rear rank, four inches above it. Advance the fingers to the nipple, and with the forefinger throw off the old cap. P 28 if' THREE. FOUR. FIVE. ! ; SIX. I AT — YDS. READY. Carry the hand to the cap pocket, and take up a cap between the forefinger and thumb, the remaining fingers to be closed in the hand, elbow to the rear. Put the cap straight upon the nipple, looking to the firont after doing so. Press the cap home with the flat part of the thumb, with the fingers closed in the hand and against the lock plate. Bring the hand to the " small " of the butt, and hold it lightly with the fingers behind the trigger guard, thumb pointing to the muzzle. • y.- '■, ., - Carry the right hand to the sight, and with the forefinger and thumb adjust the sliding bar, placing the top even with the line, or to the place that indicates the elevation necessary for the distance named ; then raise the flap without a jerk, from the top, if required ; after which bring the hand back to the small of the butt, and full cock the rifle, and hold it lightly with the fingers behind the trigger guard, thumb pointing to the muzzle, and fix the eye steadfastly on some object in front. Bring the rifle to the shoulder, carrying it well to the front, so as to clear the body as it goes up, keeping a firm hold of it behind the lower band with the lefl hand ; raise the right elbow as high as the shoulder and a little forward ; press the butt against the shoulder with the left hand, and bring the left elbow well under the rifle to form a support : hold the butt lightly with the right hand, the muzzle pointing a few inches below the object which the eye is fixed on, the fore finger along the outside of the trigger guard, and the lefl eye ^ closed. It is very important that the volunteer be well practised in bringing his rifle to the "Present," the instructor will therefore cause him frequently to repeat the motion as above described, directing him to bring the rifle down again to the right side at the words, as tou were. ■f- PRESENT. 'ii h >cket, and iuger and be closed le nipple, >. flat part of ed in the 1 » of the le fingers pointing sight, and id just the 1 with the cates the 5e named j , from the 3ring the butt, and htly with ird, thumb <. the eye ,t. , carrying the body hold of it eft hand ; e shoulder itt against and bring ie to form with the ig a few [le eye is le outside left eye practised ictor will notion as ifle down 29 Place the forcfmo:er round the triffe:cr DO" TWO. THREE. FOUR. I'lVE. J like a hook, that part of it between the I first and second joint to rest flat on the ^^ trigger, and restrain the breathing. ( E-aise the muzzle steadily until the top I of the fore-sight is brought in a line with J J the object through the bottom of the notch ^ [^ of the back-sight. f Press the trigger without the least jerk 1 or motion of the hand, eye or arm until 1 the cock falls upon the nipple, keeping the (^eye still firmly fixed upon the object. Bring the rifle to the capping position, and shut down the flap, but without moving the sliding bar, and immediately seize the rifle with the right hand close in front of the left, fore arm close to the barrel j and after a pause, taking the time from the right, turn the barrel at once down- wards and bring the rifle to a perpen- dicular position opposite the right breast I in the tight hand, then seize it with the I left hand at the nose cap, and come to the • (^position of "prepare to load," 2nd motion. The volunteer should always be taught to aim at some positive object when bringing his rifle to the" Present;" for this purpose small bull's-eyes should be painted on a wall or fence, one above another, two and four feet from the ground, and at lateral distances of t\\:ee feet ; they should be white, the size of a crown piece, with black centres the size of a shilling. Particular attention is to be given to the following points, in the " Present," the body is to be firm and upright, the butt to be pressed firmly into the hollow of the shoulder, the rifle to be held firmly in the left hand, the sight to be upright, and in aiming, the muzzle to be steadily raised, until the top of the fore-sight is aligned upon the object on which the right eye is fixed, through the bottom of the notch of the back-sight, the left eye being closed and the breathing restrained. In delivering the fire, the trigger is to be moved by pressure alone, withoi t any motion of the hand, eye, or elbow j the right eye tc continue fixed on the object after snapping, to ascertain if the aim has been deranged by the movement of the trigger or body. 1 \l i I ill i\% SHOULDER ARMS. TWO. ORDER ARMS. •y S. 2, To Shoulder and Order from the Capping Position. , , f To Shoulder. — At the word shoulder, I bring the left foot back to the right. At j the word arms, turn upon the heels to j the front, at the same time bring the rifle to its place at the shoulder, seizing it with the right hand. Drop the left hand to the side. To Order. — At the word *• order," bring the left foot back to the right, and seize the rifle with the right hand close in front of the left ; fore-arm close to the barrel. At the word arms, face to the front, and with the right hand place the butt quietly on the ground, and drop the left arm to the left side, in the position at ordered arms, explained in the manmil exercise. S. 3. To Load from the Order. When required to load frorr the " Order," on the words PREPARE TO LOAD, the voUmtecr will make a half face to the right, as in loading from the shoulder, moving his rifle with the body. On the word two, he will bring his rifle with the right hand to the loading position, seizing it at the nose cap with the left hand ; in all other respects he will proceed as already described. S. i. To come to the " Ready. ^^ '• AS A FRONT f FroTti the Shoulder. — Make a right half (or rear) I face, the left foot to point to the front, the RANK •{ right foot to the right, at the same time AT — YARDS, seize the rifle with the left hand, the little finger in line with the right elbow. Bring the rifle to a horizontal position at the right side, grasping it firmly with the left hand behind the lowest band, thumb between the stock and barrel, left arm close to the body ; as a front rank the small C'f the butt must be pressed against the hi;-) ; as a rear rank, four inches 1 above il. Then carry the left foot, as a front ra.'ikf ten inches to the left front READY. TWO. AS A FRC (or RE A RANK AT YAP READY TWO. >:7-' -v.- p • I ■ • •. w • FIRE AS FRONT rear) r. KNEELII AT — YA READl PRESEI TWO THRE FOUI » Volur firing in ih ptng HOULDER, ight. At heels to the rifle g it with ORDER," ight, and 1 close in to the to the )lace the drop the )sition at manual le words f face to his rifle his rifle :ing it at pects he ght half ront, the ne time he little sition at v^ith the , thumb 3fl arm m/c the against inches of, as a [I front AS A FRONT (or rear) : RANK AT YARDS. READY. 31 in a diagonal direction, carrying the body with it ; a* a rear ranky six inches to the front, moving the body with it, and pro- ceed as already described in the " Ready," page 28. From the Order. — Make a right half * face as before described, carrying the rifle round with the body. 9b Bring the rifle to a horizontal position at TWO. { the right side, grasping it with the left hand, and proceed as above described. 8. 5. To Fire and Re-load Kneeling* Sink down on the right knee ; as a front ranki the knee should be 6 inches to the right, and !2 to the rear of the left heel ; as a rear rank, 12 inches to the right and 12 to the rear of the left heel ; the right foot upright and under the body, body resting on the heel, the lower part of tilt left leg nearly perpendicular, at the same time bring the rifle down to the ready position, adjust the sight, and cock ^ as already described. As when standing, except that the left elbow is placed on the knee to form a support, the weight of the body still on the right foot. As already explained when standing. ■V. '-■■ FIRE AS A FRONT (or rear) rank kneeling. AT — YARDS. READY. PRESENT. •« TWO. THREE. FOUR. I nr Front Rank. Bring the rifle down to the capping position, at the same time raise the body off the rio;hl heel, and place the left fore-arm 8(|uare on the left thigh six inches be- hind the knee ; then shut Rear Rank. Bring the rifle down to the capping position, at the same time raise the body off the right heel, and place the left fore-arm square on the left knee ; then shut down the flap without a * Volunteers need not learn to commence by loading on the knee, but aAer firing in that position tbey must learn to reload kneeling. FIVE. LOAD. TWO. THREE. FOUR. FIVE. Front Rank. down the flap without a jerk, and return the hand to the small of the butt. After a pause come to the position of "prepare to Joad," bv carrying the rifle in both hands round in front of ■{ the Jeft leg, turning the barrel downvvL.rds at the same time, and with the left hand passing the bult close by the body over the right heel to the left rear to the extent of the left arm, meeting it at the same time with the right hand, the thumb in line with the muzzle, then seize the rifle with the left hand at the nose cap, after- wards carry the right hand to the pouch and proceed as already de- scribed. ' I r- 1- I J As already explained when standing. With the left hand raise the butt over the right heel, close by the body, in a slanting di- rection, until the left elbow is brought in front of the hip, at the same time dropping tlie right hand to tlie right side, then bring the rifle round in front of the left leg, to a horizontal position at the right side, and the shoulders to the right half face, placing the left '^ore-arm at once CAP. ^ square on the thigh six inches behind the knee, Rear Rank. jerk, and return the hand to the small of the butt ; and after a pause come to the position of " prepare to load," by turning the rifle over in the left hand and placing the butt on the ground, lock uppermost, under the shin of the right leg of the fronl-ranfe man of the file on the right, meeting the barrel wi^h the right-hand thumb in line with the muzzle, which is to be as high and in a line with the right shoulder, pointing to the rear, then seize the rifle with the left hand at the nose cap, afterwards carry the right hand to the pouch, and proceed as already described. As already explained when standing. With the left hand bring the rifle to a hori- zontal position at the right side, muzzle to the front, and let the body resume the right half-face, place the left fore-arm at once square on the left knee, at the same time meet the small of the butt with the right hand, and hold it lightly with the fingers behind the guard, and half cock«the rifle, the thumb to remain on the cock; the rifle to be grasped with the left - ■ii..'jS:. TWO S. 6 i'f; SHOUi ARW O] ORDER S. 7. The p as detail cautions SLOW Tl LOAD. VOLLEY which t that is, through will Ava orders, exercise ia slow not by 1 t1; , B •o-ir -jt„^» lank. return the mall of the ter a pause position of load," by ifle over in ind placing he ground, ost, under e right leg ranilc man the right, )arrel vith nd thumb [le muzzle, )e as high with the r, pointing :hen seize 1 the left nose cap, larry the he pouch, ks already explained left hand to a hori- n at the tuzzle to 1 let the the right e the left ce square 36, at the leet the )utt with and hold 10 fingers lard, and rille, the in on the le to be the left I -.mH 33 Front Rank. and meeting the small of the butt with the right hand, which is to hold it lightly, with the fingers behind the trig- ger guard, and half cock the rifle, the thumb to remain on the cock : the rifle to be grasped with the left hand, as detailed when capping standing ; the butt to be pressed against the side. Rear Rank. hand, as detailed when capping standing ; the butt to be pressed against the side. TWO. As detailed when capping standing. t ofthe rear-raidc men look lo their front. Before eomniencing the platoon exercise they receive the words rkak -i:ank 'J'akk closk okder— .aiakch, on which the rear-rank lakes two paces to the J'rout. With the increaised dislaiiee between ranks all this is unnecessary. halt, th man wi not unc wlieele* Whe by tViei] In foi about, t of the T respecti them ; leading the squt follow In the their re when tl places. The and in ] fireavc AT — Yi REM PRESE FILE Fl FROM RIGHT left) 01 BOTH PI COMMI ll__._ --__,^„ nks. ler with section 4< 4 of the er arms, ual and iding or vuriably lock up and are rear, to 70 ranks f course all the nk men heir re- •f them, he front ik man 1^, thus, of the /intake pace to during om the following I lel'i hand ARCH, oil • llieir lift ("the rt-iir- uliiiu I'a.'^' ; lel't liaiidf*. iicini the — MARCH, iiKToasud 35 halt, the caution will first be given, on which the pivot man will face, hut in wheeling hack his rear-rank man will not uncover ; the volnnleers will then he faced about and wheeled rear rank in front. When marching in files the rear-rank men must dress by their respective front-rank men. In forming to the reverse flank, or to the right or left about, the rear rank will proceed as described in Section 3. of the Third Drill ; the front-rank men will move round their respective rear-rank men, and form successively in front of them ; when forming to the front the rear-rank man of the leading file will drop to the rear of his front-rank man while the squad is forming, the rest of the rear-rank men will follow their front-rank men. In the diagonal march the rear-rank men must preserve their relative positions with their front-rank men, so that when they halt and front they will be found in their proper places. . - , . 1 1 S, 6. Firings. The volunteers must also be practised in firing volleys and in independent file firing, as follows : — Volleys, —On this caution the rear rank will close up, as above directed. As already taught in the platoon exercise. As already taught. PIREA VOLLEY. AT — YARDS READY. PRESENT. FILE FIRING FROM THE RIGHT (or t5 t File firing. — On this caution the rear Kiviiii yyi. r rank will close up, as above described. left) or FROM I * ' BOTH PLANKS, j On this V jrd the flank file will make ready and fire, fVont-rank man first, rear- rank man immediately afterwards ; they will th^n load ; as the flank file comes to the present the next file will mtke ready, and so on for the first round, after 'which the files will fire and load independently. When only a few men are firing in the same direction, they nust fire the first round very slowly, each file waiting till the file next to it is nearly reloaded ; but when the whole corps is firing in one line the men may fire rather faster. COMMENCE. < I) 1 CEASE FIRING.-^ On this word each file will complete its loading, and " shoulder arms ;" if any man has " made ready," he will half cock his rifle ; the rear-rank men will resume their Improper distance as they shoulder. As a general rule it will be advisable, when firing volleys or file firing, to direct the front rank to fire kneeling. S. 6. The Formation of Fours. — Plate IV., figs. 2, 3, and 4. SQUAD.FOURS* -DEEP. SQUAD, FOURS* -ABOUT. On the word deep, the left files will double behind to right files by taking a pace to the rear with their left feet, and a pace to the right with their right feet. On the word front, the left files will move up in line with the right files, by squad-front, -l taking a pace to the left with their left I feet, and a pace to the front with their right ^feet. On the word about, the whole sqiind will face to the right-about, and the left files will double in the proper rear of the \ right files, by taking a pace to the front with the right feet, and a pace to the left [ with their left feet. ( On the word front,, the whole squad SQUAD-FRONT. < wiU facc to the right about and re-form ( two deep, as already described. iOn the word right, the squad will face to the right, and the left files will form on the right of the right files, by taking on# pace to the right with their right feet, and one pace to the front with their left feet. ^ On the word front, the squad will face to the left and re-form two deep, as already described. 8QUAD,F0URS -RIGHT. SQUAD-FRONT. r On the word left, the squad will face SQUAD, FOURS J to the left, and the left files will ft»rm on • -left. I the left of the right files, by taking one * In the drill for regular soldiers, on the word fours, the rear rank takes a short pace of 12 inches to the rear; with the increased distance between ranlis this is not necessary, h SQUAD-F By th« occur, as left four See Plat 'l^he s. In these same mi right file When f instead < of com m and for moving turn, th two dee A squ FORM TV step up DEEP, th S. 7. Wheel will wh( wheels i same po Fornix a flank file will front, to deep, ar Form\ about. — flank, or deep, an Drill. • In the timn one p With the ifl pi etc its iny man cock his lie their 5 volleys :s. 2, 3, es will aking a t, and a (set. lies will files, by leir left eir right B sqiind the left ir of the he front the left e squad re-form rill face form oa ing one^ jet, and ; feet. « ■ %■ rill face already ill face form on': ing one ik takes a ^een ranks 1/ 37 , ,.: I pace to the left with their left feet and (^one pace to the rear with their right feet. ( On the word front, the squad will face SQUAD-FRONT. < to the right and re-lorm two deep, as ( already described. By the arrangement of the odd and blank files, when such occur, as explained in ^^ection 4 of the Fourth Drill, the left four of a squad or company will always be complete. See Plate IV. figs. 2, 3 and 4. The squad will be practised to form fours on the march. In these formations the left files will move precisely in the same manner as they do when forming fmrn the halt, the right files marking time iwo paces to enable them to do so.* W hen forming fours to a flank, the volunteers will tura instead of facing. When advancing or retiring, the words of command for forming four deep will be, fours deep, and for forming two deep, form two deep. V\ hen moving to a flank in fours, on the words, front (or rear-) TURN, the volunteers will turn as ordered, and then form two deep without further word of command. A squad moving to a flank in fours may be ordered to FORM two deep, ou which the left files will fall back or step up to iheir places in file ; and at the word form four DEEP, the left files will resume their places in fours. S. 7. Wheeling in Fours^ and forming Squad from Fours, Wheeling. — A squad taking ground to a flank by fours, will wheel to the right or left, in the same manner us it wheels in files, each four wheeling successively round tha same point. Formivg to the Front. — When a squad taking ground ta a flank by fours is ordered to form to the front, the leading file will mark time, the remainder will turn, if right is ia front, to the left, if left is in front, to the right, form two deep, and proceed as described in Section 4 of this Drill. Forming to the Reverse Flank or to the Right or Left about. — V\ hen a squad is ordered to form to the reverse flank, or to the right or left about, it will at once form two deep, and then proceed as described in ISection 4 of this Drill. * In the drill fur regular soldiers, on the word fours, I be rear rank martoi timw one jiiice ; when reiirmfc, the proper front runk marks time od«) pacwi With the increased distance betwcun ranks thw in not uecewarjr. . , ; «: i I i I ON THE RIGHT (or CLOSE -MARCH. FROM THE RIGHT (or LEFT,) RE- FORM TWO DEEP. QUICK -MARCH. S. 8. A Squad formed in Fours closing on a Flank^ and Re-forming" Two Deep. A squad L wing formed four deep must ( X be taught to close on the right or left 5 the ^ ^ < four men on the named flank standing fast, '°__ .'_?_. ^^ 1 the remainder closing on them by the side I step. ^ In re-forming two deep, on the words QUICK-MARCH, the four men on the named flank will stand fast, the remainder will -l open out from them by the side step, and the left files will move up to their places in line in succession as the intervals are opened (^ for them. ' These formations must also be practised during the march ; on the words on the right (or left), close, the files on the named flank will continue to march straight to their front, with a short pace, the remainder will clnse on them by the diagonal march. On the words from the right (or left), re-form two DEEP, the four men on the named flank will continue to march to the front with a short pace, the remainder will incline outwards, and the left files will move up into the intervals, in succession, as they are opened for them. A large squad or company may in like manner be taught to close on its center, and re-form two deep from the centre. SETENTH DRILL. S. 1. General Rules for extending in Skirmishing L . Order. , * v«r I. The volunteers will next be taught the following^ movements, which are necessary in skirmishing : — II. An intelligent man should be placed in the centre of the squad for these movements. III. In extending, as a general rule, it is the business of the rear-rank man of each file to regulate the distance, and of the front-rank man to look to the direction. ' IV". The number of paces that files are to extend from each other may be specified in the caution by the commander thus :— THREE PACES FROM THE RIGHT-EXTEND. WhcD no number is specified, six paces will be the regulated dis- tances between files, : V. Men in extended order may be directed to increase the distance between their files any given number of pace*, from e mand -EXTEI bugle s half m at six I A sq centre PROM RIGHT, CENT^ No. - EXTi The ing coi their e^ front-ra they ha ON THE (le: CENTF No. — CLOS The] any dir( the san: V- Ml, - ' L... FROM RIGHT ( CENTR No. — EXTE t- 9. Flank^ lep must left 5 the ing fast, the side e words } named ider will tep, and places in e opened rmg the LOSE, the raight to cln?*> on IRM TWO itiniie to ider will into the m. >e taught e centre. mishing bllowing [jentre of siness of nee, and 3nd from imandei When ated dis- increase of paces. i from either flank, the centre, or any named file. The com- mand will be given thus, to eight paces from the right, -EXTEND ; if no number of paces is specified, or if the bugle sound the extend, the skirmishers will open out one half more than their original extension ; thus, if they are at six paces distance, they will open to nine. '^ A squad may be extended from the right file, lefl file, or centre file, or from any other named file. S.2, Extending from the Halt, On the word extend, the file on the named flank, or the centre or named file, from the RIGHT, (left, CENTRE, or -l will kneel down, the remainder will shoul- der arms, face outwards, and extend in quick time. The front-rank men will move direct to the flank, cover- ing correctly on the march, the rear-rank men will cast their eyes over the inward shoulder, and tap their respective front-rank men, as a s.gnal to halt, front, and kneel, when they have gained their proper distances. S. 3. Closing on the Halt. On the word close, the file on the named flank, or the centre or named file, will rise, order arms, and stand at easie ; the remain- CENTRE, or •{ der will rise, face towards it, and close at quick time, halting, fronting, ordering arms, and standing at ease, in succession, as they (^arrive at their places. The file on which the skirmishers close may be faced in any direction ; the remainder will form upon it, facing in the same direction. St on the right (left. No. — file)- CLOSE. f 1 1, FROM THE RIGHT (left, CENTRE, or No. file)- -' EXTEND. «,-*\M. I, S. 4. Extending on the March" On the word extend, the file on the named flank, or the centre or named file, will continue to move straight forward in quick time ; the remainder will make a half turn from the flank froni which they are ordered to extend, and move off in double time. As soon as each file has extended tb its proper distance, it will turn to its front and resume the quick time, the rear-rank men covering their front-rank men, and the whole keeping in line with the directing file. on the right (left ADVANCE. 40 When a company, extending on the march, is halted before all the files are extended, the reminder will make a second half turn outwards into file, break intt» quick time, shoulder arms, and com|ilete their extension as from the halt. S. 5. Closing on the March. On the word close, the file on the named fl ink, or the centre or named file, will move steadily on in quick time ; the remainder centre, or -{ will make a half" turn towards it and close No. — file)- in double time, turning to the front and close. resuming the quick time as they arrive at their places. When a company, ch'sing on the march, is halted before all the files are closed, the remainder will make a second half turn inwards into file, break into quick time, and com- plete the formation as Irom the halt. S. 6. Advancing in Skirmishing Order. ( On the word advance, the volunteers COMPANY- J will rise and step off in quick time, with \. I trailed arms, keeping their distances from l^the centre. iS. 7. Retiring in Skirmishing Order. On the word retire, the volunteers will rise, face to the right about, and step off in quick time, rear-rank in front, keeping their ^distances fn»m the centre. Volunteers in extended order will invariably face or turn to the right ab(»ut, whether they are advancing, retiring, firing, or not firing. S. 8. Inclining to a Flank. On the word incline, the skirmishers will make a half turn to a flank to which they are ordered to incline, and move in a diagonal direction, until they are ordered to resume their original direction to the front or n-ar, by the word of command ad- vance or retire. If the skirmishers have made a half turn, and are again ordered to incline in the same direction, on the second word incline, they will complete the turn by making a second half turn, and will take ^ ground to the flauk in file. company- retire. ■! TO THE RIGHT (or left)- INCLINE. ADVANCE, or RETIRE. I HAI Whc inclinii ADVANC r ^^• 1. F\ change a base Ach angle. CHAN FRor TO THE (or LEF THE 1 RIGHl left) ] ■ / DOUBl MAR i. If all will tui successi If the will be scribed. SKIRMI! RIGHT left) W >■-.( i_ V r FORWj 41 id before [I second shoulder t. 3 named ill move mainder rid close ront and irrive at d before I second nd com- lunteers ne, with ;es from jers will ep off in ijg their ; or turn retiring, ■ KJii •mishers o which Qve in a ordered to the and AD- r-rs have dered to e second the turn irili tako i j „ ,„ ( On the word halt, when volunteers arc ( inclining, tlioy halt, front, and kneel. When inclining to tlio right, the right file directs ; when inclining to the left, the left file directs. On the word ADVANCE or RETIRE, tho ceutrc file resumes the directions. jS. 9. S/drmishfTs changhvj; Front or Direction. 1. From the Halt. — A line of skirmishers halted, can change front on any two named files that may be placed as a base for the rest to form upon. A change of front in this manner may be made at any angle. CHANGE FRONT TO THE RIGHT (or left) on THE TWO RIGHT (or left) FILES. On the caution the two named files will rise, and the instructor will dress them in the direction required ; as soon as they are placed they will again kneel. / ; H DOUBLE - MARCH On the word march, the whole will rise, and if all the files are to be thrown forward on a flank, they will make a half face inwards, and run across by the shortest way to their places in the new line, dressing on the two base files, as they successively halt, and then kneeling. If all the files are to be thrown back on either flank, they will turn round, move across, and halt, front, and kneel successively as they arrive at their places in the new line. If the change is on two central files, part of the company will be thrown forward and the rest back, as above de- scribed. f On the March. — A line of skirmishers ei ' j on the march may change its direction gradually, on the same principle as a com- SKiRMiSHERS. pany wheels when in close order. On * RIGHT (or •{ the word wheel, the pivot file will halt, and the remainder will circle round it, the front-rank men looking outwards for the dressing, and the rear-rank men keeping the distances from the pivot flank. On the word forward, the whole line will advance by the centre in the new direction. left) WHEEL. I V f i • FORWARD. i. 42 S. 10. Firins^ in Skirmishing' Order. . , - t The men of a file must always work together ; both men should never he unloaded at the same time ; they will fire alternately, commencing with the front-rank man. On broken ground the vohmteers must take advantage of all cover, and when advar.Ling or retiring they will rnr. from one place of cover to another, the two men of each file keeping together and taking care not to get in the way of other files. When moving, the loaded man should always be nearest to the enemy. 5, 11. Forming Rallying Square. — Plate III., fig. 2. The instructor will place an officer or man as a rallying point in front of the squad, facing the supposed enemy. He will then call out any two men from the ranks, and direct them to fall in on the right and lefl of the rallying point, facing outwards ; then three more men, who will form in front of those posted, facing to the front ; then three more, who will fo in in rear of them, facing to the rear. The instructor wui next cause four men to take post at the four angles, and others to complete the different faces of the square, and so on, till all the men are formed. Each man as he moves to his place will fix his sword. After this, the squad will be dispersed, and the rallying point being placed, the volunteers will be ordered to form rallying square, on which they will run in, and form as above de- scribed : the great object is to form a compact mass us quickly as possible ; provided the volunteers crowd close together round the rallying point, and face outwards, it matters little what places they take. S. 12. Preparing for Cavalry. ^ When the square is to pre])nre for ca- valry, upon the word ready, the first and second rank will sink down at once upon the right knee, as a front and rejir rank kneeling, in the manner presc;ibed when at the capping position, and at the same time they will place the butts of their rifles on the ground against the inside oftht'ir right knees, locks turned uppermost, the PREPAUEl CAVALl READl When front ran In this an attacl more sqi persed ; .Every m larger th RE-FOT SQUA Section The c in the ss It wi divi led as ])ossi \Vh(> will be more tV when t two, th left sec the ren the ext 43 botli men y will fire man. On nge of all I riir. from 'each file le way of id always fig. 2. L rallying enemy, nks, and ; rallying ivho will It ; thon 11 g to the take post -nt faces i. Each . After nt being rally in 30 ve de mass as v^d close ards, it g for ca- irst and upon ir rank when i same ir rifles )f their St, the "^"^^^® slanting upwards, so that the point J of the sword will be about the height of ' ' a horse's nose ; the left hand to have a firm grasp of the rifle immediately above the lowest band, the right hand holding the small of the butt, the left arm to rest upon the thigh about six inches in rear of the left knee. The third and fourth ranks will make ready as a front and rear rank standing. Muzzles of rifles to be inclined upwards. The standing ranks will fire by files, and the kneeling ranks m volleys by word of command. When the sides of the square are less than four deep, the front rank only will kneel. In this manner dispersed parties may be formed to resist an attack of cavalry in an open country, either in one or more squares, according as they may be more or less dis- persed 5 each square consisting of any number of men. Every man will run to the nearest rallying point, but the larger the square the safer it will be. S. 13. Re-forming Squad. C When the square is to be re-formed into I a squad in line, the right or left hand man ^ will be placed facing the supposed enemy, and the remainder of the men will form upon him. RE-FORM SQUAD. E I C; 11 T !l DRILL. Section 1. Formiiii^ and Numbering off the Company. The company will fall in in two ranks with ordered arms, in the same manner as the souiuls liavt; been tauc^ht. It will then nniuber off I'rom right to left, and will be divi ted into two subdivisions ; and four sections, as nearly as j)ossil)le of equal strength. \\'lien one subdivision has a file more than the other, it will be the right subdivision ; if one section has a file more th;in the rest, it will be the first or right section ; when two siclioiis have a file more ench thiin th(> other two, they will be the first iind fourth, that is, tlu^ riizlit nnd lell sections. If \\u\'c sections have a file each more than tin; reinuiiiing section, the first, second, and fourth will have the extra files, the third being the weakest, thus : — 44 m f Left Subdivisioti. Right SulxJivision. 4th Section. 3rd Section. 2nd Section. 1st Section. A Company of 17 Files « 18 " 17, 16, 15, 14 18,17, 16, 15, 14 13,12,11,10 13,12,11,10 9,8,7,6 5,4,3,2, 1 9,8,7,6 5,4,3,2,1 19 20 19,18,17,16,15 14,13,12,11 10,9,8,7,6 5,4,3,2,1 20,19, 18, 17, 16 15,14,13,12,11 10,9,8,7,6 5,4,3,2, 1 When looking at this Table the volunteer must suppose himself to be standing in the ranks. S. 2. Post of Officers.— Vlaie V., tigs. 1, 2, and 3. When a company is in column with other companies the post of the captain or senior officer present is on the pivot flank of the front rank ; the remaining officers and the Serjeants are called suj)ernunieraries. The post of the senior supernumerary is in rear of the second file fr(»m the reverse flank, that of the second senior in rear of the centre of the company, the rest of the supernumeraries will divide equally the spaces in rear of the two subdivisions. When a company is in line with other companies or is formed singly in line, the post of the captain is on the right of the front rank, that of the senior supernumerary in rear of the second file from the left, the other super- numeraries will be posted as in column. In column the post of the covering serjeant is in rear of the second file from the pivot flank. In line on the right of the rear rank, covering the captain. When a company is formed in column of subdivisions, the post of the captain is on the pivot flank of the leading subdivision, that of the senior supernumerary on the pivot flank of tho rear subdivision, and that of the second senior superiiumernry in rear of the second file from the reverse flank of the rear subdivision, the rest of the supernumeraries retain their pests in rear of tlieir respective subdivisions. When a company is fbnned in column of sections, the post of the ca[)tain is on the ])ivut flank of the leadnig section, that of the senior suj)ernumerMry on the pivot flank of the third section, that of the second senior supernumerary on the pivot flank ol the fourth section, ami that of the third senior super- numerary on the })ivut Hank of the second section, the rest of the supernumeraries retain the posts they occupied in line. Jn cohunn of subdivisions or sections, the post of the covering serjeant is in rear of the second file from the pivot flank of the leading subdivision or section. SulxJivision. >n. 1st Section. 7,6 5,4,3,2, 1 7,65,4,3,2,1 7,6 5,4,3,2,1 7,6 5,4,3,2,1 list suppose , and 3. npanies the the })ivot rs and the )ost of the le from the i'the centre will divide IS. anies or is I is on the ernumerary )ther super- s in rear of )n the right Libclivisions, the leading 1 the pivot cond senior bo reverse numeniries ii visions. )ns, the post lection, that )f the third ui the pivot 3nior siiper- un, the rest )ied in line. [)ost of the m the pivot i Front Rank. PLATE V. Fig. 1. A COMPANY IN LINE. imf:^^^^'^m^~'^m^'^^w'^W¥^^~^^-'^^^^^^^^^ ■i: I I I I I I I I I I I I i"r^ Rear Rank. © Fig. 2. A COMPANY IN COLUMN RIGHT IN FRONT. « .fW'I^K >m^ «^|^!R^^ r^ «> ?.^' ««!«« K« >^« «« «« J^^ >.li^ m S ^1 ^1" 1 ^|-- 1 j 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 '1 " 1 -r't ""ii JJk i& ^ © ^ -ik @ Fig. 3. A COBIPANY IN COLUMN OF SECTIONS RIGHT IN FRONT. © © ■' yx "' yx -" xc "■ X)Ci z' -- ; = DOC XC 1 -.-. [] [] XX. xx- X<- Xc Xf. y< yx ^^ XX xc ■/A XC >x Fig. 4. FORMATION OF A CLOSE COLUMN OF SECTIONS. o;«)^ x« ^« «J^^^*^"««1 " ^ _^^N,> ^^ ^IMAM^lMI^i"^ \;i"_'. ^ \ _ S ^ _ _ _ N ''-.,^ ©,«)^«^/««'««'^)^l««l'^ I'Hge 44 ii If jr In tl third or rear ran| formed when it I Whei a com pal take the! Whe] and the is called! tion is 1« Right 17 front the equally called R on the 1 when th when in When the next Voluni wheeled front oft a drill th ordered form on one belli sections Volunte< ^ba the c \ t Thee in line, learned BY SUBDIV SECTION (or left) or ON Tl RIGHT ( WHEEL. 45 In the above formations the supernumeraries form a third or supernumerary rank, which is one pace from the rear rank v/hen the company is m coUimnwith others, or is formed in cohimn of subdivisions or sections, and three paces when it is in line with others or is formed singly in line. When there is not a sufficient number of Serjeants with a company, corporals should be taken from the ranks to take their places. When a company is in column of subdivisions or sections and the right subdivision or section is leading, the column is called right in front ; when the left si.jdivision or sec- tion is leading, the column is called left in fronts When Right in front ; the Left is the pivot flank. When Left in front the Right is the pivot flank. The same rule applies equally to the companies of a battalion, a column being called Right infant when number 1 company (which is on the right when in line) is leading, and Left in front when the highest numbered company (which is on the left when in line) is leading. When the captain falls out in order to drill his company the next senior will take his place. jS. 3. Dispersing and Assembling, Volunteers after being told off* and proved should be wheeled into column of sections, and their leaders placed in, front of them, so that they may know each other, and during- a drill the company should frequently be dispersed and then, ordered to close again, on which the men will run in and form on their section leaders, who will stand in a row one behind the other, to mark the left of their respective sections in regular order, at section distance form each other* Volunteers must also be taught to form company at once ^>ii the captain, or on either of the flank men. \ S. 4. Advancing, Retiring, Wheding, Sec, The company will be practised in advancing and retiring in line, in wheeling, and in all the movements they have learned in squad drill in two ranks. S. 5. Wheeling into Column of Subdivisions or Sectiotis, Volunteers will also be taught to wheel to the right or left by subdi- visions or sections, either from the halt or on the march ; each subdivision, or section, wheeling in the same manner as 1 i' ir BY SUBDIVISIONS (ov sections) RIOIIT (or left) wheel, or ON THE MOVE RIGHT (or left) WHEEL, QUICK- i^; MARCH) HALT- DRESS, or FORWARD, OP COMPANY QUICK MARCH, BY SUB- DIVISIONS (or SBCTIONS) RIGHT (or LEFT) WHEEL. FORWARD. AS a squad. When square, on the words HALT-DRESS, they will halt and dress in column, or on the word forward they will move on in column : the captain and supernumeraries taking the posts described in Section 2 of this drill. A column of subdivisions or sections will also be taught to wheel up into line both from the halt and on the march. S. 6. Manual and Platoon Exercises^ SfC. All the volunteers of the corps must also be practised together in the rifle exercises already taught. j^; S. 7. Formation of Company Square — Plate V., fig. 4. On the word sections, the rear rank of the second section will take a pace of 24 inches to the front ; the first section will face to the left, the leading files disengaging to the front ; the third and fourth sections will face to the right their leading files disengaging to the rear. On the word march, the second section will fix swords, and the remaining sections will step off'and form close column on the second section, the rear ranks closing on FORM CLOSE COLUMN OF- SECnONS. QUICK-MARCH. . \ the front ranks during the march ; each of these sections will halt front and fix swords without word of command as is arrives in column ; the distance between sections will be one pace. On the word prepare for cavalry, the iffficers and non-commissioned officeyfif \ will move into the centre of the column ; Clie I men will then face outwards, so as to show l^a front of e(iual strength in every direction. ^ On the word ready, the men will pro- \ ceed as directed in the rallying square. The company will be re-formed as follows : — On the word column, the men will face PREPARE FOR CAVALRY READY. RE-FORM COLUMN. RE-FORM- COMPANY. I to their proper front in column, the captain i and supernumeraries will move out to their (^places on the flanks. On the word company, the first section will face to the right, the third and fourth to the left. QUICK MA If the column, 1 pany, th .vill be u A close same ma division i TO TH RIGHT-Fi LODGE A1 A com manner £ cepting t Sectic TheC from the inclining describe( The V column ( their usi closing c forming One si the othe to suppo one will 47 le words dress in RD they captain he posts II. tanght e march. Dractised '., fig. 4. iar rank ice of 24« ;ion will engaging sections ing files section ; sections 1 on the osing on 1 each of s: swords rrives in :ions will lAVALlTY, . officers imn ; Clie to show iirection. vill pro- Liare. will face ; captain t to their sectioh 1 fourth On the word march, they will move out, the right section will turn to the rear when clear of the second section, will halt, front, and dress upon it ; the third and QUICK MARCH. -^ fourth scctions will turn to the front in succession, when clear, and dress up into the line with the second section without word of command, the rear rank resuming ^ its proper distance. If the men count the number of paces that take them into column, by taking the same number when re-forming com- pany, they will be able to turn together. The swords .vill be unfixed by word of command. A close column of subdivisions will be formed in the same manner as a close column of sections, the left sub- division moving in rear of the right. jS. 8. Dimissing a Company. As described in Section 1 1 of the First Drill. At this word the men will port arms, TO THE RIGHT-FACE. [ LODGE ARMS. pause the company will break off, and quit the parade without noise. A company without arms will be dismissed in the same manner as a squad, see Section 1 1 of the First Drill, ex- cepting that the rear rank will take a side pace to the right. IVINTU DRILL. Section 1. The Company JSxtending^ Closing^ SfC, The Company must be practised in extending and closing from the halt and on the march, advancing and retiring, inclining to the right and lefl, and changing front, as already described. The volunteers should also be instructed to form clcse column of sections from extended order on any section ; but their usual formation will be on the second, that section closing on its left file. They should also be practised in forming rallying square or squares, as already described. One subdivision shoidd also be taught to extend while the other remains at 150 or 200 paces in rear of its centre to support it ; when two companies are moving together, one will support the other. 5» 1 ,fi ■-'->• Vl 48 ■ S, 2. The Alarm, or Look out for Cavalry. When skirmishers are unexpectedly attacked by cavalry, the bugle will sound the alarm, or the words look out FOR CAVALRY will be given, on which the skirmishers will at once form close column of sections, and prepare for cavalry, unless in disorder or scattered, in which case they will form rallying squares, which may be signified for parade purposes by the double being sounded after the ALARM. The supports will form close columns of sections and advance by command of their captains. If one sub- division only is skirmishing, supported by the other, on the ALARM each will form a rallying square. When the com- mence riRL\G sounds, the support will halt and prepare for cavalry, and both squares will commence firing. S. 3. Skirmishers closing on the Support. Calling in Skirmishers. — On the words close on sup- ports, or the bugle sound close, the two centre files will retire in quick time, opening out as they move to the rear to clear the front of the support ; the remaib- ing files will close upon them on the march ; when at quarter dislan<;e in rear of the support they will turn inwards, shouldering arms as they turn ; and when they meet in rear of the centre of the support they will halt frontj order arms, and stand at ease. '■miM J L! ■i (■ il//////'' {JitJ t closely )e given, A^LRY, on npany it n it will ' 3 rear at the double, closing on the inward files of subdivisions (or sections), as described in the preceding paragraph, except that the centre files will incline outwards when they commence to retire, in order to keep clear of the front of their support. As the skirmishers approach tlie support, the latter will halt, the rear subdivision (or section ji closing ' on the leading subdivision (or section), each fixing swords as it comes to the halt ; the skirmishers will turn inwards, and form close column of subdivisions (or sections) in rear of the supports, fixing svvords as they halt and front. The square will then be ordered to prepare for cavalry, as described in Section 7 of the Eighth Drill. If skirmishers cannot reach the support, which will be signified on parade by repeating the alarm, they will, if a company, form company square, if a subdivision they will form rallying square j the support will also form company or rallying square. \ \ a a \ DUO f / / I / / / D a a I \ \ \ » W ! o / / / IQ / / I ^ / ^ If/ / y \ ^ ' I ■' / / ^\K\h\^ \ 1//////'^ I I' //A/i )S. 4. Relieving' Skirmishers, When skirmishers have suffered considerable loss, when they are fatigued by continued rapid movements, or when their supply of ammunition is getting low, it will be advis- able to relieve them. The most convenient method of affecting the relief is to order the support to extend and relieve its skirmishers. When retiring, the successive relief of the skirmishers by snpports is the most effectual manner of keeping an enemy in check. The officer commanding a support should there- fore be constantly on the look-out for good position*, ill 5a .--^ W- 56 which he may extend his men with advantage, such as a bank, a ditch, a wall, or such like cover. After relieving, the new skirmishers must hold their position until ordered to continue the retreat. The following general rules are laid down for relieving skirmishers under different circumstances : — Relieving Skirmishers that are halted. — To relieve skirmishers that are halted, the support will extend in the rear, out of immediate reach of the enemy's fire, and then run up to the old line. The old skirmishers, on being relieved, will run straight to their rear, and when out of im- mediate reach of the enemy's fire, will close on the centre and form support. Should an immediate advance be intended, the old skir- mishers, on being relieved, will remain lying down till the new skirmishers have gained sufficient distance to their front ; they will then rise, close on the centre, and form support. Relieving Skirmishers that are advancing. — The sup- port will extend on the march and then double up to the old skirmishers, changing into quick time as it passes through them, on which the old line will lie down and wait till the new skirmishers are sufficiently advanced to protect them from immediate fire, when they will rise and close to the centre, forming the support. Relieving Skirmishers that are retiring. — To relieve skirmishers that are retiring, the support will halt, and front, at a considerable distance in tKe rear, and will then extend, each man, if possible, getting undercover. When the old skirmishers arrive within about twenty or thirty paces of the new, they will run through them to the rear until they are out of immtdiate reach of the enemy's fire, and then close on the centre and form support. -.,-■-'> '■'. ' 5. 5. Reinforcing i or extending' a Line oj Skirmishers ' to a Flank. Reinforcing. — Any part of a line of skirmishers may be reinforced, by throwing forward the supports or part of them, in the same manner as they are thrown forward when relieving skirmishers, but on joining the old line, both will remain and skirmish together, dividing the distances. A line of skirmishers may be diminished by calling in any portion of them, who will retire in the same manner as skirznishers are brought in when relieved. In this case, the re mi those wl Extent to a flan' skirmish extendec join the When reinforce what pu mishers The f tuted fo] is less li extende One ( line ; t\ The to whic signify the clos incline, wheel. :r=^ *■ -.1 £3 a:-' 51 ich as a jlieving, ordered elieving relieve in the nd then Dn being lit of ira- e centre old skir- i till the eir front ; support. 'he siip- ip to the it passes and wait ;o protect I close to relieve tnd front, 1 extend, m the old ?es of the ntil they md then rmishers lers may r part of aid when both will nces. A g in any anner as iiis case^ the rcrniiining skirmishers will divide the space left by those who have retired. Extending. — When it is necessary to extend skirmishers to a flunk, wilhcnt weakening the rest of the line, fresh skirmishers, with supports of equal strength, may be extended in the rear, and then ordered to double up and join the general line. When a captain brings up his company to relieve or reinforce another that is extended, he must call out for what purpose he is come, that the captain of the old skir- mishers may know how to act. 5?. 6. Bugle Calls, The following bugle sounds may occasionally be substi- tuted for words of command when skirmishing, but the voice is less liable to error, and commands can be passed down an extended line with great ripidity by the supernumeraries :— • One G sounded on the bugle denotes the right of the line ; two G's the centre : three G's the left. The G's, preceding any sound, denote the part of the line to which it applies ; for instance, two G's before the extend signify to extend from the centre ; one G followed by the close, to close to the right ; one G followed by the incline, to incline to the right ; three G's followed by the wheel, to wheel to the left. I. EXTEPJD* . ., ,;, -> ■ -j-wd — T^ # ' f I -> II. Close. Q ■ - {T^ i m i M : t li I J > < m 5t IV. Halt. -<9 1 -f g - :1: The Halt annuls all previous Sounds except the Fire. V. Commence Firing. ^ ^7N ^^ z*^ /^ VI. Cease Firing. P ?=F riTipizii: VH. Retire. I Vni. AdSEMBLT, 1-.51. I fi\ /T\ ?; iii::?: ■ttji i it fe /r\ i>9\ -pzzs: This sound will be used to turn out troops in cases of alarm by day or night, but must not be used at light in- fantry drill. " ^ ■^- The c: guishing XI. m After proved i Mark echellon Subdi Time. '' Sectio Reform- Sectio Reform- TheC and pro^ fi.Halt- h Foun ,♦ Fours Foun Fouri, The ( forming , Mark Right Foun ire. ■n B ■•"»51 '4^ :'> ases of g^ht iu- 53 IX. Incline. y^—S — a — [—0 — # — \ — # U: /^ X. Wheel. I '•e=:, -^»— -^;^f--^-— — - The calls IX. and X. must be preceded by the distin- guishing G's. XI. The Alarm or Look out for Cavalry. 1^ m: — 0- '^- ^ /TN -0—0- ^= :^l=z-~M. t !' , Proving. S. 7. Proving a Company, After a company has been told off on parade, it will be proved in the following manner: Mark time- Quick. Subdivisions right-Wheel (when in echellon), Mark Time. Re- fonn- Company. Subdivisions left-Wheel (when in echellon), Mark- Time. Reform- Company Sections right-Wheel (when in echellon), Mark-Time, Reform-Company. Sections, left-Wlieel (when in echellon), Mark-Time, Reform-Company. The Company will then be turned to the right about, and proved in the same manner, rear rank in front. ., .\ Halt-Front. . - , . , ■ •., ■ ■■^,'\, ■..■■.' \ .-. !.■ • ,; ■.'!;?.■ Fours-Deep, Front, ,? >, ; .' ; .: . ' ;> ,, ,.v Fours-Right, Front. . , . . Fours-Left, Front. - .• ■' .!• Fours-About, Front. The company will also be proved rear rank in front, in forming fours to the right and left on the march, as follows : - Mark Time — Quick. Risht-About — Turn. ' ^ ' ./..'.. ',. ... Fours-Right, Rear- Turn, . ,, .,i , ,.._- I I 54 Fours-Left, Rear-Turn. Halt-Front, ' Form close column of Sections, Quick-March, Reform- Company, Quick-March. Right sections, first and third, Order- Arms, Left sec- tions, second and fourth, Otder-Arm^i, Right subdivision, Stand-at-Ease. Left subdivision, Stand-at-Ease. S. 8. Marching at Ease. Volunteers should not be required to march long dis- tances at attention ; they should be ordered to march at EASE, on which they may carry their rifles in any manner they please, and loosen out their files to the reverse flank ; but they must take care not to hang back, and open out to the rear, nor lose their places, lest they retard other corps that may be following them. On the word attention, they will close in again to the pivot flank, and trail arms properly in the right hand. BATTALION FORHIATIOIIS AND MOVEMENTS. Section 1. General Remarks, Although rifle volunteers are organized in battalions, and independent corps may occasionally meet and move together, it is not necessary that they should learn many complicated battalion evolutions. The following formations and movements are all that can be required, and has they are simply combinations of the company movements already explained in this manual, it is only necessary for the officers to study their details. S, 2. Formation of Open Column. j In open column the companies will be formed one liehind another, each at a distance equal to its own front from the company that is next before it, measuring from the heels of the front rank men of one company to the heels of the front rank men of the other , this is also called wheeling distance.* The captains will take post on the pivot flanks of their respective front ranks, covering correctly one behind an- other, the men touching in to them. * Coverinj? Serjeants, in takiny up wheeling distBnce for their companies, may remember that by multiplying the number of files by 7, aad dividmg the product by 10, they will get the required number of paces. When careful t not atten from the marching footsteps When give the the capta their mei No. 1, th No. 2, an com mane on whicl: An exj in Sectio S. 5, The fo that of ar distance < company^ When there wil in regula the left, ner, as d( When centre, tl; therefore as he wil When column, A they can Reform- 'iCft sec- iivisionf ong dis- RCH AT manner e flank ; n out to er corps 3N, they ,il arms rs. 3ns, and ogether, plicated that can IS of the ual, it is Nf l>ehind rom the heels of he front stance.* of their lind an- ■ompnniesi ividing the 55 When a cokimn is on the march the captains must be m careful to preserve their proper distances ; but they must not attempt to preserve their covering in one straight line from the front to the rear of the column, unless they are marching on an alignment, each captain should follow the footsteps of the captain next in front of him. S. 3. Telling off the Battalion. When the battalion is formed the commanding officer will give the command, tell off the battalion, on which the captains will take a pace to their front, and face towards their men, the captain of the leading company will call out No. 1, the captain of the second company will then call out No. 2, and so on to the rear ; when all are numbered, th^ commanding officer will give the command eyes-front, on which the captains will resume their posts. iS. 4. Pivot Flank. An explanation of the term Pivot Flank has been given in Section 2 of the Fourth Drill. S. 5. Formation of Quarter Distance Column. The formation of a quarter distance column is the same as that of an open column, except that the companies are at a distance equal only to the front of one section (quarter of a company) from each other. aS. 6. Formation of Line. When the companies of a battalion are formed in line there will be no interv^al between them, they will be placed in regular order, No. 1 on the right, the highest number on the left. Each company will be formed in the usual man- ner, as described in the Eighth Drill. When a line is ordered to advance it will move by the centre, the captain who happens to be in the centre mast therefore be careful in selecting his ix)ints to anarch upon, as he will direct the line. S. 7. TeUing off afresh. When companies lose their relative |)osition in line or column, which may frequently be ihe case after skirmishing, they can tell ofi' afresh. '58 S. 8. Blovements. , .•' The details of the following rnovements, as far as they are applicable to the volunteer drill, may be learned by \he officers from the " Field Exercise and Evolutions op " Infantry." 1. Wheeling into Line from Open Column ^ F. E., Part III., Section 2. 2. Wheeling into Open Column from Line^ F. E.y Part III. J Sections 26 and 27. 3. A Battalion in Line forming OjJen, Close, or Quarter Distance Column, F. E., Part III., Section 32. 4. A Battalion in Quarter Distance Column deploying into Line, F. E., Part III., Sections 3S, 39, and 40. 5. A Column, at Quarter Dista?ice ivheeling on a moveable Pivot, F. E., Part III., Section 16. 6. An Open Column closing, or closing to Quarter Distance, F. E., Part 111., Section 12. 7. A Close or Quarter Distance Column opening out to Compcmy Distance (Open Goluinn), F.E.,Part 111., Section 13. S. 9. Squares, The simplest method of forming square to resist cavalry when in column, is to close to the front on the leading company, the rear ranks also closing on the front ranks, then face outwards and prepare for cavalry, as in rallying square. When in line, wheel into column, and proceed as above described. Corps that have time to learn the formiition of a more complicated square, are recommended to practise the light infantry square, explained in Part IV. Section 16, of the " Field Exercise," as it is ap[)licable to any number of com- panies, from two upwards. .1 * S. 10. SkinnishimX' A battalion mny send out any number of companies to skirmish, according to its strenirth, and the extent of ground that is to be covered ; each com})any that is sent out to skirmish must have a company in support, as a general rule al)out 200 y;ir(1s in rear of its centre ; the reserve should always be composed of at least one-third of the whole battiilion ; it will be placed at about 500 yards in rear of the centre of the skirmishers. When a line of skismishers composed of several com- 1 panics ai whole li move bj A line change J the supp The c skirmish are equa reserve when ne their sqn When times for both be 1 of the rei For fi " Field ] When formed ii three pa( cer six p; carry hii of the c( company The seni the seco senior ii senior in The o manner, the con swords, pace in senior ol of their take tw« The mt. of the lif STEADY * in the I ORDER, ^u \ as they ;d by the fTIONS OF E., Part F, E., Quarter 32. deploying and 4-0. 2g on a ). Quarter ling out to Part 111. J st cavalry le leading ront ranks, n rallying proceed as of a more e the light 16, of the ber of com n panics to extent of lat is sent )port, as a e lit re ; the ne-third of 500 yards veral com- ! 57 panics advances or retires, it will move by the centre of the whole line, except while inclining to a flank, when it will move by the flank to Avhich it is inclining. A line of skirmishers composed of several companies will change front as described in the sixth lesson of this manual, the supports following the movements of the skirmishers. The directions already given for the movements of the skirmishers and supports in case of the approach of cavalry, are equally applicable to the companies of a battalion ; the reserve will advance on the first alarm, and form square when necessary ; the captains must, as far as possible, form their squares so as to flank each other. When required to assemble, the skirmishers will at all times form first on their supports, after which they may both be brought in, and formed at quarter distance in rear of the reserve. For further information the ofiicers are referred to the " Field Exercise" for regular troops, Part IV. iS^. 11. Inspection. When a corps of rifle volunteers is inspected it will be formed in line, the officers standing with ported swords three paces in front of the front rank, the commanding offi- cer six paces ; if the commanding officer is mounted, he will carry his sword. The commanding officer will be in front of the centre of his corps whether it consists of a single company, of several companies, or of a complete battalion. The senior officer with each company will be in front of the second file from the right of his company, the second senior in front of the second file from the left, the third senior in front of the centre. The officers will be brought to the front in the following manner, on the words officers take open order* from the commanding officer, the officers Avill recover their swords, move out and place themselves respectively one pace in front of the files above named, the second and third senior officers of each company moving round the left flank of their company. On the word march, the officers will take two paces to the front, look to the right and dress. The major, or if there is no major, the officer on the right of the line correcting them ; when dressed, on the word STEADY from the major or the officer on the right of the line, * In the drill for regular soldiers the command is uear rank take oi'en— ORDER, MARCH. 6 Ilf'^ «8 the officers will look to their front, j^orMheir swords, and remain perfectly steady. When the reviewing officer approaches, the officer com- manding will give the words general (or royal) salute, PRESENT-ARMS, on whicli the officers will salute with their swords, and the vokmteers will present. On the words shoulder-arms from the commanding officer, the officers will come to the port, and the volunteers to the shoulder. After the general has ridden down the line, on the words OFFICERS TAKE CLOSE-ORDER,* from the Commanding offi- cer, the officers will face to the right, recovering their swords as they drawback their right feet, and on the word MARCH they will ret' rn to their original posts by the sam.e way as they came to the front. Should the corps be required to march past, it will first wheel back into open cokimn as described in F. E. Part III., Sect. 26, and will then proceed as directed in F, E. Part VI., Sect. 1, " Marching past in Quick Time.'' When volunteers are reviewed in large numbers they will be formed in aline of contiguous battalion columns at quarter distance, the whole of the officers standing with ported swords two paces in front of the leading company of their respective battalions. The instructions for a review of large bodies of troops will be found in the F. E. Part VI., Section 2. As volunteer corps are not intended to march past in slow time, it has been considered advisable that they should move with shouldered arms when marching past in open column, and with trailed arms when marching past in quarter distance columns. At the end of the review, if required to do so by the general, the corps will form in line on their original ground, and the officers having been brought to the front, the line will receive the comuiand the line will advance in REVIEW ORDER, QUICK-MARCH, thc bauds and drums play- ing; when at 30 or 4-0 paces from the general the bands and drums will cease tj play, and the line will be halted and ordered to salute in the same manner as when receiving the general. When Volunteers nre reviewed l)y the Queen, it is usual after saluting and shouldering arms to order arms, and then give three cheers, taking the time from the com- manding officer. * In the drill for regular soldiers the command is ukar rank take close — ORDER. S. 12. . Format on a i?( marching guard wil com panic sections ; the com I will form column ; front will front of of the thi section v the secor corporal i front anc yards fr( yards mc party. 1 company detached all house reach ; b present t detachec their pai files of c between advance reserve The disi must be but it ^ yards di during t If thc advisab a corpt each Iki In op is simp a suppo ^ords, and icer com- .) SALUTE, ith their [the words lie officers Lonlder. |the words iding ofli- |ring their the word the same t will first Part III., . Part VI., ibers they ol limns at Jing with company r a review .Part VI., ih. past in ley should st in open ig past in so by the al ground, t, the line )VANCE IN :u'ns play- he bands be halted receiving \e Queen, der arms, the com- lkb close — 59 S. 12. Formatio7i of an Advanced Guard on a Road. Formation of an Advanced Guard on a Road. — When a column is ■■ marching along a road, the advanced "° guard will be composed of one or more companies, divided into four parls or sections ; the two rear sections (under the command of the senior officer) will form the reserve in front of the column ; the second section from the front will form a support 200 yards in front of the reserve, under command of the third senior officer ; the leading section will be 100 yards in front of the second section, and will detach a corporal and two files 100 yards to its front and two files to each flank, 100 yards from the road and about 50 yards more retired than the corporal's party. The senior subaltern will ac- company the leading section. The detached files must carefully examine all houses, enclosures, &;c. within their reach ; but should more distant objects present themselves, patroles must be detached. from the second section for their particular examination. Single files of communication will be placed between the different divisions of an advanced guard, and also between its reserve and the head of the column. The distance between, the two latter must be regulated by circumstances ; but it will generally be abont 500 yards during the day and about 300 during the night. If the company is weak, it may be advisable to send on only one file and a corporal in front, and one file on each flank. In open country an advanced guard is simply a line of Skirmishers, with a support, and, if necessary, a reserve. u a 100 yds. t -3 o ■ <=> Fig. 3. Sword and Scabbard A. blade, b. hilt. c. guard and ring. d. spring, e. scabbard. '-A £ ««""J-Lf' '^ ik~JL n E m « -'i.j S. Y. ■' ' ! he Rifle. different lOD. side. u:' Fig. I. PLATE VI. V M' scabbard. I II JHfll ' lJ., - .'< 11 f I! Fiii'. 3 n B 7 C! lo 61 Plate VIF. ^ln. 1 and 2. Lock. A. mam-spnng. B. sear-spring, c. sear. V. bridle. E. hammer. F. tumbler. •J A. turnpcrew. B. worm. c. drift. D, D, D. cramp. G. swivel. H, H. lock plate. K. tumbler nail or pin. L. sear-spring nail. M. sear nail. N. bridle nail. Fig. 3. Nipple VVrknch, &c. E. picker. F. ball drawer. G. nipple wrench. H. oil bottle. *S. 2. Dismounting the Lock. 1st. 2d. 3d. 4th. 5th. 6th. 7th. 8th. Unscrew and remove the tumbler pin. Put the lock at full cock, then place the cramp on the mainspring, and, after letting the 1 mmer down, remove it. Partly unscrew the sear-spring pin, then place the edge of the turnscrew between the bend of the sear-spring and lock-plate, to raise the former from the latter, after which unscrew the sear- spring pin, and remove the sear -spring. Unscrew the sear-pin and remove sear. Unscrew the bridie-pin and remove bridle. E-emove the hammer (which is to rest in the hollow of the hand) by a rew smart taps, — as near the lock- plate as possible, — with something softer than itself. Remove the tumbler. Remove the swivel from the tumbler. S. 3. Cleaning the Lock. 1. When the lock is dismounted, wipe the several limbs, first with an oiled rag, and afterwards with a rag quite dry. 2. If any specks of rust are seen, either on the lock (more particularly the tumbler axle hole) or any of the limbs, they are to be removed with an oiled rag. No brick-diist, or powder of any kind, is to be used for this purpose, as such would have the effect of removing the case hardening from those parts that are not steel, and thus render them much more liable to rust. 6a i! I iii-ii / 62 3. In remounting the lock the threads of the several pins, as also the pivot and axle of tumbler, and pivots of swivel, should be oiled before putting them in their respective places, in order that they may work easily. 4. The other frictional parts of the lock to which it is essential to apply oil (which should be animal and not vegetable) are the nose of the sear, and between the sear and sear spring. Only a very small quantity of oil should be used, and applied either with a feather or the point of the pricker, as too much is likely to clog the parts. S. 4. Cleaning the Barrel. Every volunteer should learn the way to clean his rifle. 1. Place the rifle at full cock, and draw the ramrod. 2. Put a piece of rag, woollen if possible, or tow, into the jag, and twist it round so as to cover it. 3. Hold the rifle in the left hand, at the full extent of the arm, barrel downwards, with the forefinger and thumb in line with, and round the muzzle, heel of the butt resting on the ground to the rear. 4. Pour about a quarter of a pint of water into the barrel with care, so as to prevent any of it getting between stock and barrel, or into the lock through the tumbler axle hole ; immediately afterwards put the ramrod into the barrel, and sponge or rub it carefully up and down to remove the dirt or fouling, forcing the water through the nipple to clear the touch-hole. Kepeat this process until the barrel is quite clean. 5. Wipe the barrel well out with rag or tow until it is perfectly dry, and afterwards with an oiled rag ; then put the muzzle stopper in the barrel, and the snap cap on the nipple. Care should be taken to keep the snap cap dry when washing out the barrel, and to wipe the mouth of the hammer before letting it down on the snap cap. 6. On the following morning, and on every occasion before using the rifle, wipe the barrel out perfectly clean and dry. 7. The fouling which settles on the stock near the nipple lump when firing should, if possible, be removed without using water or a damp rag. On no account is a knife or sharp instrument of any description to be used to remove the dirt near the nipple lump or trigger plate. n veral pins, of swivel, respective which it il and not n the sear oil should he point of l-c, bh ti his rifle, imrod. )w, into the xtent of the i thumb in ,t resting on o the barrel tween stock r axle hole ; ', barrel, and jve the dirt lie to clear trrel is quite tow until it ig ; then put cap on the ap cap dry iiouth of the i I 3i ry occasion fectly clean k near the be removed account is to be used rer plate. w- w \ I a 1/ !/ u o j h 1 1 I i I ' I / ' / n ;\ .^«). '• Page 63 I' 8. By the barr the l're( which i: 9. In and at appeam bees-wa plate an or into t 1. At 2. Pli 3. Fi: in the 1( differs f flat at t 4. PI; with its sear-pin 5. Pa with th the bod screw h 6. Fi position 7. A mains[ stud in after M cramp Ever rules, The fol where permit, 1. T oentre lees' 63 8. By the foregoing mode of cleaning, the liability of the barrel to become rusty will be very much reduced, and the frequent necessity for removing it from the stock, which is always objectiona])le, be obviated. 9. In order to prevent water soaking into the stock, and at the same time to give it a smooth and polished appearance, rub it over well with oil, and apply a little bees-wax between it and the barrel, and between the lock plate and stock, to prevent water getting under the barrel or into the lock. S. 5. Remounting- the Lock. 1. Attach the swivel to the tumbler. 2. Place the tumbler in the lock-plate. 3. Fix the bridle on the pivot of the tumbler, and its stud in the lock-plate ; then screw home the bridle-pin, which differs from the other pins (which are rounded ofl") by being flat at the end. 4. Place the sear between the bridle and the lock-plate, with its nose against the tumbler, and screw home the sear-pin. 5. Partly screw the sear-spring to the lock-plate, then with the thumb of the left hand press the spring agai'jst the body of the sear until the stud enters the stud-hole, and screw home the sear-spring pin. 6. Fix the hammer on the squares of the tumbler in a position as if on the nipple, and screw home the tumbler-pin. 7. Attach the swivel by its pivots to the claws of the mainspring, then put on the mainspring, by placing the stud in the lock-plate, and its catch against the fore-stud ; after which pi; ce the lock at full-cock to remove the cramp ; this ben. g done, ease the lock to half-cock. Theoretical Principles. I Every volunteer should understand the reasons for the rules, which are laid down for his guidance in practice. The following explanations will be found sufficient, though, where musketry instructors are employed, and time will permit, they may be given more at length. 1. The axis of the piece is an imaginary line along the centre of the barrel A, B, fig. 1, Plate VIII. ! 'Ta f 64. , 2. The " line of fire " (B, C) is the continuation of the axis, and the direction in which the bidlet would fly, with uniform velocity, were it not impeded by the resistance of the atmosphere and drawn down by the force of gravity. 3. The air is an elastic fluid that resists the bullet and reduces its velocity ; the greater the velocity with which the bullet proceeds, the greater is the resistance it meets. The " force of gravity " draws the bullet downwards from the moment it quits the muzzle, and acts with increased power the longer the bulk L is exposed to its influence. These two powers combined, the one increasingas the other diminishes, cause the bullet to fly in a curved line, called the trajectory, B, D, fig. 1, Plate VIII. According to the above principles, if the axis of the rifle were directed to an object C, fig. I, Plate VIII., in a target, when fired, the bullet could not hit that mark, as the air and force of gravity would oblige it to fly along the trajec- tory to the point D, which would actually in the first 100 yards, be 1 foot 5 inches lower down ; therefore, in order tc hit the point C, it is necessary to elevate the muzzle till the axis of the barrel is directed to a point E, 1 foot 5 inches above it. To enable this to be done, the sights K, L, fig. 2, are so arranged as to place the rifle, when they are bi>th accurately brought up to the line of sight, which is the line F, C, between the eye and the point aimed at, exactly in the required position. If, however, the target were removed to a greater distance, and the rifle were fired from the same position, the bullet w^ould follow the trajectory, and strike a point H below the point G aimed at ; it is necessary, therefore, to increase the elevation of the muzzle as the distance increases, for which purpose the back sight is furnished with a flap and slider marked with the distances up to 1100 yarils for which the elevations are required. The thickness of the barrel at the breech is greater than its thickness at the muzzle, which in itself gives elevation; combined with this the lowest sight is arranged to give ihe proper elevation for 100 yards ; when firing at a shorter distance it is therefore necessary to fire a little under the mark, at 50 yards about 8 inches, at 30 yards about 4 inchea. The vc sight of inclines t the ball "^ sight is ii Allo\vr the exter perience. If in sufficient spill any, bullet wi 1. A : superinte the squa< 2. In t to aim ai progress distances available near the the grou 3. Th( aligning attentior 1st. 2nd 3rd. 4th 65 The volunteer must be very careful that he holds the sight of his rifle quite upright when taking aim; if it inclines to either side, insteadof hitting the mark aimed at, the ball will invariably strike on that side to which the sight is inclined. See fig. 3, Plate VIII. Allowance must be made for the wind when firing, but the extent of the allowance can only be learned by ex- perience. If in loading the volunteer observes that there is not sufficient powder in the cartridge, or should he accidentally spill any, he must in firing aim a little high, otherwise the bullet will fall short of the mark. Aiming Drill. 1. A musketry instructor or an experienced shot must superintend each squad, at this and the following drills ; the squad should not exceed ten men. 2. In this exercise the volunteer is to be instructed how to aim and to adjust the back-sight of his rifle, and his progress is to be tested by making him aim at the different distances by means of a rest. If traversing rests are not available, a tripod formed of three stakes tied or looped near the top, supporting a bag of sand about ^^ feet from the ground, will answer the purpose. 3. The instructor is first to explain the principles of aligning the sights of the rifle on an object, confining the attention of the volunteer to the following simple rules : — 1st. That the sights should not incline to the right or !ef^ ^ 2nd. That the line of sight should be taken along the centre of the notch of the back-sight and the top of the fore-sight, which should cover the middle of the mark aimed at. 3rd. That the eye should be fixed steadfastly on the mark aimed at, and not on the barrel or fore- sight ; the sights will then be brought up to the line of sight. 4th. That in aiming the left eye should be closed. If a man is not able 1o do this at the outset, he will soon succeed by tying a handkerchief over the left eye. i >\ \\ * '> 66 4. The instructor will also explain the difference between fine, fall, and half sight in aiming, as follows, viz : 1st. Fine-sight is when the line of sight is taken along A the bottom of the notch of the back- sight, the fine point of the fore-sight being only seen in the alignment ; as A,fig. 1. Fig, 1. Fig 2. 2nd. Full-sight is when the point of the fore-sight B is taken in alignment with the shoulder of the notch of the back-sight j as B, fig. 2. Fig. 3. 3rd. Half-sight is when the point of the fore-sight is c aligned midway between the shoulder and bottom of the back-sight ; as C, fig. 3. 5. Aiming with the half-sight is the usual method ; aiming with a fine-sight will give a little less elevation ; and aiming with a full-sight a little more. 6. The instructor w^ill next cause each man to place his rifle in the rest and align it with the sight for 100 yards on a mark that distance from him ; having done so, he will leave his rifle on the rest and step aside. The instructor will then see if the aim is correct, and should he discover any error, he will point it out and cause it to be corrected, or call upon another volunteer to correct it. 7. The foregoing proceeding is to be carried out, at every distance of 50 yards, from 100 to 900 yards, at " bull's-eyes" of the following dimensions, viz : — From 100 to 300 yards, eight inches in diameter. From 350 to 900 yards, two feet. Position Drill. In this drill the volunteers will be put through the folloM'-ing practices m squadsof about ten men each, formed in single rank, at one pace apart, great care being taken that all their positions and movements are correct. When coming to the " present," they should be taught to aim at small " bull's-eyes," painted as described in the Platoon Exercise, page 29. In the FIRST PR (or knee: on which Platoon ] the body smartly t of the lef he will upright 5 with the below tl to be ex both elbc he will I shoulder, remainin THREE, h without 5 this mam several t voluntee be direct After t judging FIRST P When hi further cease tl: directed AT EASE In the the niot includin; Platoon " Prosen position, "Prescnl In th standing indepcn( 67 as First Practice. Ill the first practice after the caution, position drill, FIRST PRACTICE AS A FRONT (OR REAR) RANK, STANDING (or kneeling), the word at — yards-ready will be given, on whicli the vohinteer will proceed us described in the Platoon Exercise. On the word present, without moving the body, head, or eye, the volunteer will throw the rifle smartly to the front of the right shoulder to the full extent of the left arm (the arms moving close in to the body) ; he will raise the rifle in so doing, keeping the sight upright ; the top part of the heel plate to be in a line with the top of the shoulder, the muzzle to be a few inches below the mark the eyes are fixed upon, the forefinger to be extended along the outside of the trigger guard, and both elbows to be inclined downwards. On the word two, he will bring the rifle smartly to the hollow of the right shoulder,as described in the Platoon Exercise, the forefinger remaining extended outside the trigger guard. On the word three, he will bring the rifle down to the capping position without altering the position of the body, head, or eye ; in this manner the motions of the " Present " must be repeated several times, after which, on the word ease springs, the volunteer will let the hammer down on the nipple, and will be directed to order arms and stand at ease. After this, the volunteer will go through the practice, judging his own time, on the words at — yards ready, FIRST practice JUDGING YOUR OWN TIME — PRESENT. When he has repeated the motions several times, without further word of command, on the word steady he will cease the pr.iciice, remaining at the capping position till directed to ease springs — order — arms and stand at ease. Second Practice. In the second practice, the volunteer will go through all the motions of the "Heady" and "Present" by motions, including tlie j)ulljng of the trigger as explained iii the Platoon Exercise, except that in the fifth motion of the " Present," lie will bring his rille down to the capping position, and full cock, after which the movements of the "Present" will be repeated several times. Third Practice. In the third practice the volunteer will learn to load, standing, and judging his own time ; he will then practise independent file firing both standing and kneeling. <• -» ,f "f. 68 Snapping Caps and Blank Firing. Volunteers who have not been accustomed to firing should first be practised in snapping caps while taking aim, until the tendency to wink at the explosion is overcome, after which they should be practi^jed in firing blank car- tridge to accustom them to the recoil of the rifle. About 10 caps fired at different drills should suffice Tor the former practice, with 10 rounds of blank cartridge for the latter ; 5 caps or rounds to be fired singly, 2 by file, and 3 in volleys. Judging Distance Drill. As proper elevation is of such great importance in firii^g, the volunteer should be well practised in judging distances ; for this purpose men should be placed in front of the squad, at measured distances of 50 yards apart, from 50 to 300 yards for the first practice, and afterwards from 300 to 900 yards. The attention of each volunteer should be directed to the appearance of these men, and of their features, accoutrements, &;c., at the different distances ; ihey must remember the distances at which the smaller objects become indistinct or invisible. Each volunteer should be called upon to explain to the instructor what ho secj ; the explanation should be in a Ijw tone of voice, in order tiiat the rest of the squad may not hear. It must be explain..xl to the voinnteer that the sun, the state of the atmosphere, and tL ■ L.ickground will make a difference in the appearance of the same objects at diflerent times. After the above exercises, volunteers should be practised in judging unknown distances ; the accuracy of their judg- ment will be tested, by measuring the distances with a chain or cord. Practice. Section 1. Tan>et Practice. 1. The volunteer having been thorourget^! are to be six feet in height and two in bret:>^ih. constructed of iron of sufficient thickness to be rifle ituUet proof; they should be coloured wliite with a mixtiiib of whiting and size ; the bull's-eye and circle de- scribing the "centre," black, with lamp-black, water, audsize. #?n.,' 'nC^; to firing ting aim, vercome, lank ear- About 18 former le latter ; and 3 in. in firii?g, listances ; he snuad, 50 to 300 )m 300 to should be I of their ices ; ihey er objects shot I Id be seca ; the order tiiat le sun, the ill make a Lt diflerent 5 practised :heir judg- ithachain ised in the e of target uid two in ness to be lite with, a circle de- ir, and size. I. i PLATE IX MARKERS BUTT. This is the smaI!t;:L description of Butt that ought ever to be made, and the markers ip nst £:'wctys sit on the upper banquette close to the interior slope, \.'!v'' h is to ' o" revetted with ti; -f. JO" SECTION ON THE LINK A. li. "Page " 69 3. Gr targets 4. In of it, a dimensi front, ai that the it ; the of the fi as to sc: from an 5. Tl flags* o: flags, tc of the s In the pra to 300 inclusiv In the pra at dist beyond yards. 6. R hitting flag tw countec registe] 7. T cases t( the top to reco 8. \ *The 1 Lari (2 red 1 red 1 dar 1 wli The I poles IC "-T» le, and the le interior 69 3. Great care must be taken in lowering or raising the targets to prevent them being damaged. 4. In all cases where the nature of the ground admits of it, a trench is to be dug for the " markers," of the dimensions given in Plate IX., about fifteen yards to the front, and to one side of the targets, and in such a position that the markers may easily see the face of the target from it ; the earth excavated should be thrown up on the side of the firing c ; there should also be two epaulments, d, d, so as to screen the men not only from the shots themselves, but from any stones that may be thrown up by them. 5. The shots that strike the target are to be denoted by flags* of different colours raised above the butt. These flags, together with the number of points fixed as the value of the shots, are as follows : — Value in Flags. points. - White or vellow - - - - +• £- - Dark blue" •«»■ 3 - Ked and white - - - — i- /4- - Red llag waved in front of the butt R In the practices Shots. r Outer Center to 300 yards \ Bull's-eye inclusive. Ricochet Miss In the practices f Outer at distances j Centre beyond 300 J Ricochet yards. ( Miss - White or yellow - Dark blue - Red flag- w^aved m - 1 - 2 front of the butt R - 6. Ricochets, or shots which strike the c:round before- hittinff the target, are to bo signalled by waving the red flag twice to and fro in front of the target, and are to be counted as misses in individual firing, but noted in the register by the letter R. 7. The signal for "danger," or "cease firing," is in all cases to be a red flag, which will be hoisted and planted on the top of the butt, whenever it is necessary to cease firing to recolour the targets, or for any other purpose. 8. Whenever a shot strikes to the right, the flag denoting Pa^^"69 *The number of flags required is as follows, viz: — 1 Large red llag, 6 feet square, to be planted in a conspicuous place in the range neighbourhood of the before the- firini and to remain till it ia. do. do. do. 1 red and white do. 1 dark blue do. 1 white i\o. 2i do. do. do. do. do. .55 commences, over, to warn persons oft' the ground, for the use ot look-out men. one for use at the firing point. for uBe in the marker's butt. Tiie large flag may be obtained for S*., and the smaller ones for Xs.^d. ; poles 10 feet long should not cost more than 2*. 4 are as 3 eye eight neter, and e two feet ck centre diameter ik centre diameter ' 71 S. 2. File Firing and Volley Firing, The vokmteer will fire 10 rounds in the order of file firing, and 10 in volleys, as detailed in the platoon exercise. The mark for these practices will be eight targets placed close together side by side, each having a separate bull's- eye and centre, of the dimensions detailed for the third class ; the distance tc be 300 yards for file firing, and 400 yards for volley firing, if the range will admit. S. 3, Skirmishing. Volunteers will fire tO rounds in skirmishing order, both advancing and retiring between 200 and 400 yards. The raiarks for this practice to be eight targets placed in a row, each having a bull's-eye and circle, as for the third class, with intervals of six paces between them j each file to have a separate target. Registers of Firing. The following registers will be kept by rifle corps. The forms may be obtained by application to the Secrelary of State for War. 1. « Target Practice Register,^'' War Oflice Form 1601, In which the volunteers' names must be entered previoufly to going out to practise. 2. ** Musketry Drill and Practice 'Return^'* War Office Form 1600, which should be kept as a permanent register, in a book. 3. " Table of 'performances in platoon and skirmishing ^^ practices y"* War Office Form 1603, and on the back of Form 1600. 4. " Recapitulation,'*'* showing the figure of merit, to enable different corps to compare with each other, on back of Form 1600. 5. When trained instructors are employed, a Judging Distance Register^ War Office Form 1602, may also be kept. 6. " Diagram^'* recording the result of Practices. Marking Points and Classification. i f \ 1 Dunds at The individual firing will be divided into three periods, 20 rounds to be fired in each^ 7* i \ m I' i i K. In the first period each vokmteer will fire five rounds at every distance of 50 yards, from 150 to 300 yards inclusive ; the points gained will be marked in the " Target Practice " Register," Form 1601, and the total points obtained at each distance, will be transferred to " Musketry Drill and " Practice Return," Form 1600. When the corps has completed the first period, the points obtained individually at the several distances, are to be added together, and the sum entered in the column " total " points" of the period, in the " Musketry Drill and Prac- " tice Return," Form 1600, to show the value of the per- formances of each volunteer, from which column a classi- fication is to be made ; — ^all those who have obtained 15 points and upwards, will fire the second periods in the second class, and those who have not obtained this number, will fire their second period at the same distances as the first, that is, in the third class. At the conclusion of the practices in the second period, the points obtained by each man at the several distances are to be added together, and the sum entered in the columns " total points," from V7hich a second classification - i to be made for the firing in the third period ; all men of ike second class who have obtained 12 points and upwards, are to pass into the first class ; and all men of the third class, who have obtained 15 points and upwards, into the second class. Those men who have not obtained the number of points specified, will remain in the second and third classes respectively. At the conclusion of the practices in the third period, the points obtained by each man are to be added together, and the si^m entered in the columns " total points," from which a final classification is to be made, and entered in the columns for that purpose. In file firing the bullets striking the target will have the same value, in points, as in the third class, and will be marked collectively in the Form 1603. In volley firing the hits are to be counted as in the ^econd class, bull's-eyes being reckoned only as centres. In skirmishing the hits are to be counted as in volley firing J bull's-eyes being only valued as centres. '' i ' The a^ « tice," added to the " figi The di will be " Return -,» ■ Linds at lusive ; ractice ined at :ill and } iioints 3 to be " total d Prac- le per- . classi- ned 15 in the umber, 1 as the i 73 The average points obtained in the " skirmishing prac- " tice," and in the practices of " file and volley liring," added to thu average obtained in the first period, will give the " figure of merit" of the shooting of the corps. The dates on which the preliminary drills arc performed will be entered in the " Musketry Drill and Practice " Return." period, btances in the fication men of Dwards, e third tito the ed the nd and period, gether, " from ered in ive the will be in the res. I I volley IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) 1.0 I.I 11.25 m 125 >" lii 12.2 E lit "^ £ Ul 12.0 ii m ^a^ /] ^;. '/ w m m Hiotographic Sdences Corporation 23 Wir>T MAIN STRIET WWSTIR.N.Y. 14S«0 (716) 873-4503 V ^ 74. :i : ll h i 00 & q6 H iz; o cS El g o " S3 H ^ o f-l o g s g 3 S F< wm^^ ^■■v^ • »-• a • 1 i M >* 5 o • • 8 H 1 kO : ^ J3 § I ^ ll s a CO «t -a ?! o a a '5 ©» • I^ ^ C H ^ S Jz; -a d C8 M e 1 — jad 8B *oi^ *« ""^ ^^ ^^ ^^ '"' o ^<« OT h '■ • 2^ « •i 1 eo ■ PH a 1 g ^ |l .s o ? • • :2 o H-«l S « s ■ y COUKSE po3e( are a The mi a Q 1st 1 2nd • 3 3i 4th • 5th 41 6th ■ Days. 7th 8th 9th 10th J i nth ) 12th .. # "-^ ' CIRCULAR • *• Promulgated hy Order of the Secretary of State for War for ihe Guidance f of Volunteer Rifle Corpe. War Office^ \at September 1859. CouKSB of RiFijj Training for the Corp.s of Rifle Volunteers, sup- posed to train by Squads of 20 or 24 at a time, where two Instructors are available, or half these Numbers where there is only one. « PRELIMINARY DRILLS. The minimum Number of Drills, and Time to be employed in each, before Target Practice is on any account to commence. Cleaning Theoretical Aiming 1 K -3 c s Q ^^^ Arms. Principles. Drill. 9 o I • • per Mus- egulations Time. per Mus- egulations Time. • Time. Position Drill per ketry Regulation gCaps. 1 xpended. ring. 10 R icpended. 9i a m IS • e s o 1 Lessons ketry R Lessons ketry R 8 e 1 Snappin to bee. Blank & to bee: tlO a •-> X 1 Hour. Hour. Yds. Hour. Hour. Hour. Hour. Hour. Hrs. 1st Ist i - - 100 I - - I ^ 2nd - - land 2 \ 200 I - I 2i 3 3rd i - - 300 I - - I 2J 4th - - 3 and 4 \ 400 I - - i 2J 6th 4th i - - 600 i \ - I H 6th - - 5and6 \ 600 i - i I jy TARGET PRACTICE. Days. 7th 8th 9th 10th nth 12th Number of Rounds to be fired in 3rd Class. Yards. 1501200 250300 2nd Class. Yards. 400 600 550 6 6 1st Class. Yards. 600^650 700800 900 5 5 6 Remarks. 1st Period. 2nd Period— 3rd Class to fire from 1.50 to 300 yards ; 2nd Class from 400 to 600 yards. 3rd Period — 3rd and 2nd Class to fire as before ; 1 st Class from 660 to 900 yards. P.S. — Should it l>e desirable to execute the Platoon and Skirmishing Practires, two more days will be required for the purpose, viz., 13th day, File-firing at 300 Jards, standing, 10 rounds ; Volley-firing at 400 yards, kneeling, 10 rounds. 14th ay, Skirmishing, advancing, and retiring (each man judging His own distance), between 400 and 200 yards, 10 rounds. M IP W. O. FORM 1600. < 'v ''k>w*jr'. >"-.s.» . .7*:^ ..■•.: ,X r'i^l.i^ 1 .•> f • . •«»*- »M»<»mfc i .r1/...-,^ .,/!• \ 1 * . • I 4 77 »!) Captain^ 's.or 1 = Musketry Drill and Practice Return .' the above Company for the Year 18 — , commencing 1st Apri and ending 31st Ma Succession Number, agreeing with Practice Register. f HANK AND NAMES Of every Enrolled Member, of the Company. TARGET PRACTICES. Theore- tical i Cleaning of Arms. 1st Period. 2nd Period. 1 3rd Period. 3n1 Class. | 2nd Class. 1 3rd Class. 1 2nd Class. Ist Princi- Distances. 1 a 1 Distances. 2 a Distances. 2 s 1 OB o Distances. Distances. •ii ^* c I "3 H Distai ples. § ill a 1 O lo 1 Q O © «ft 1 O f-i c< CI 1 rt 1 § 1 1 3 10 1 1 1 s § Rounds. Rounds. Rounds. Rounds. Rounds. is to be allowed ed :— thus, 23/4. Roui 6, 61 6 |6 51 51 61 5 51 61 61 5 61516I 6 6 1 6 1 6 16 6, 6 2 1 3 2 1 Points. Points. Points. Points. Points. Poit 1 — — 1 1 1 _ — — 1 1 — — — 1 1 t — ■ 1 «^M* 3 — — 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 ! 1 3 ■— " _l - 4 — _^_ — — 6 7 — — — — 8 — — — 1 U — — — 1 1 — 1 a — — — — 1 3 1 4 — — ! 1 — 15 — — — ^__ 16 __ 1 7 1 — ■ ~ .,..1 m^^ — -.- 18 19 ~— — — — — 2 S 1 "••■"" , "■"* — — — 2 a 1 33 — 2 4 — — 3 5 — ■""* 1 — — «- . 2 B — — — — — -— 37 38 39 — 1 30 1 — T- &C. ■r- — ^^ 1 1 1 1 1 1 ^.. i i. Totals. ■1 — ^^ f Averages . . » | | ! I J Captain f_ T <• ^v.-. — Company of RiJU Vdunteen. ;ing 1st April and ending 3 Ist March. ' T PRACTICES. , 1 REMil RK8. Showing the Date of ceasing to belong to the Company, and explaining the reason lur the omission of the Training of those Volunteers not exer- cised. 3rd Period. Final Classifi. cation. File Firing at 300 1 yards. | VoUey Firing at 400 yards. DIass. 2nd Class. Ist Class. lees. • I "3 Distances. ■n B 1 "3 Distances. 3 B I 8 8 S 8 '9' »0 »S «0 * 1 I- , ^ 1 (J3 ids. Hounds. Rounds. 5,6 Jl 5 ♦The figure 1 to I)e inserted opposite each Man's Name in onr; of the classification columns; and in ettch of the others when the practices are executed. 61 6 515 15 |5 Class. Rounds. 1 I III 1 1 1 1 1 I g II i 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 Points. Points. 3d 2d * • 1st * 10 10 * 1 1 1 1 10 « — 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 \ ! 1 — _ — — — — 1 1 — — — • 1 i 1 r 1 1 Cap tai »»_ i f. W;v- n 78 W. O. Form 1603 (Tor the Field) and on back ofW. O. Form 1600. Captain. ,or.. .Company. Coutityof^ RIFLE VOLUNTEERS. - ♦ • - Form C, for use in the Field. Tabls of Performances in Platoon and Skirmishing Practices. Section, Squad, or Party. File firing. Volley firing. Skirmishing. 1 Ho. of Men. Total Points at- tained. Aver- age Points No. of Men. Total PoinU at- tained. Aver- age Points No. of Men. Total Points at- tained. Aver- age Points. i 1 1 ! 1 Total Men.) Points, and V Averages 7 1 'i >,;'A N. B. — ^Application to be made to War Office for I'resh supply of these returns when required. 0» Aoc^ 0/ W. O. Form 1600. ■-^. Recapitulation, showing the Merit of the Shooting of the Effective Men of the Volunteers on the 18 (the date to wbich Return is closed.) Average Points obtained in the 1st Period - . - Do. do. in File firing .... ' 1 Do. do. in Volley firing - . - Do. do. in Skirmishing ... Total, or " Figure of Merit." ., ■ Instructor. Captain 00 a o a I- • B Gd s ^.^ 2; a 8 u 3 H Pi CO O ^ 00 c "3 S, g o o ** *{ ^ n •» '•, :\ }inpany. tices. mishing. 1 otal >int8 at- ined. Aver- age Points. ■ these returns BCtive Men of n is closed.) a motor. ii « nn i u i m i »» w< o a !• • S Ed -O O ?5 •SJUIOJ IBIOX 00 S <«4 o d s o in s o •sid 9 SUV •sid g "SUV 8kf ! * -snv I 8 •«"¥ 5 -SUV I •gkT I -guy a s U H o H CQ O ^ i a o 4> GO CO Q izi I I I JIT i I 11 TT II J9 2 o H'< •ujnia^ OOIPBJJ jad SB -oi^ 4) g a OS ■& o •SJd r suy S jsuy •»ifl I e -SUV I :mI f, -SUV •SW 9 «"V I ■8U c) -suy •siuioj JBIOX i'4 •s.s| is- V a - IS .c o oT^ •* y a « c S *-■ V a|cS« C V a £ a ? 5 (^ u be O Si E <« Q !$ o-S 2 c S a E * *j Ml I p bP>>l ■^ a ll^-S ^ r 'if'.. mooH