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Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmds en commenp ant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Jn des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la derniftre image de chaqi'^ microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — ^ sigmfie "A SUIVRE ", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent 6tre film4s A des taux de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pof ' Stre reproduit en un seul clichd, il est film6 d partir de I'angle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 E \ THE Battle of Lundy's Lane. BY ERNEST CRUIKSHANK, Captain. 44th Battalion. I ) PRESS NOTICES. ••|-'I<'".TV la.,..,,.,. ■ ••^■■'tcsa.lnnnt. Z:~^^^^^^^ • -....,.. ■■''•'■' ■.■■ .mS ' I''"''- '" '-. «n. „„,„ -^ tloii t,i ..,. I •'^'■'t«'^ ii.lri,i,;i. 'k'McsI a,.,..,iu,t. '''■~<'li"(itiiM,. '.•i\\a.|.,|ii fe *. ... . I^H/^60N^ fc^. * '■i •-• ,t « ^p ^, *\ u2te v^h M NOTE TO THE THIRD EDITION. The very -ratifying receplion accorded to previous editions of this pamphlet, which are now exhausted, has induced the Lundy's Lane Histori- cal Society to undertake the jnihlication of a third, which has been carefully revised by the author. Tort Erie, i8th December, 1S93. i ¥ THE BATTLE OF LUNDY'S LANE. ^' Tlif nioiitli (if DccfiiilxT. lHi:i, was iiinrkt'urr, it if necessary to the defense of Fort ( ieorj^e, and not otherwise. But he does not defend F(a*t (leorijfe, and then burns Nialoyed in possession of an ample and sorely needed supply of pro- visions, annnunition, and military stores of various kinds, besides furnishing them with comfortable winter (juartei's. Hithei'to the men had Iteen unprovided with winter clothing of any description, and tiiey were still without a tield-train, artificers, engineer, or regu- larly organized commissariat. During the preceding campaign, (juan- tities of annnunition had been spoiled by being conveyed with the armj' in ordinary open farm wagons, for lack of regidar tund)rils. ^ Drunnnond at once i)rojected the reduction of Detroit and the des- truction of the American squadron on Lake Erie, then lyii'.g at Put- in-Bay.- He pushed his outposts forward to tl>e forks of the Thames, and his scouts ])enetrated to the boi'ders of Lake St. Clair, and even ventured to cross into Michigan, where the}' capturetl the arms of a company of militia.^ The departure of the proposed expedition was <]elayed by the mildness of the weather, which kept the roads inipas- sable until March.* By that time the garrison of Detroit had been heavily reinforced, several thousand militia were collected at Put-in- Bay foi- the defence of the ships, and tlie energetic flovernor of New York had been enabled to gather a large force of State troops at Batavia. The British General wh ^ at the same time obliged to proceed to York to open the annual session of the Legislature of Upper Canada, for he united the fujictions of administrator of the civil government with those of connnander of the forces, and during his absence the Ameri- cans began to contenjplate the recovery of Fort Niagara. With this view three thousand regular troops were rai)idly moved across the State of New York from Sackett's Harbor to the encampn)ent at Batavia.'' It had been ascertained from desertei"s that great discon- tent existed in the battalion of the 8th or King's regiment, which garrisoned that post, and that the same cause which had prevented the advance of an expedition against Detroit had delayed the rein- forcement of the division guarding the Niagara l>y troops fronj Lower Canada. In fact Drunnnond had been obliged to weaken it by send- ■\- 1. Druniniond to Prevost, March 21; 2. Drunuiiond to Prevost, Jan. 21 ; 3. Drunnnond tp Pievost, Feb. 21 ; 4. Dnuiiniond to Capt. N. Freer, Feb. 19 ; f). Lossing;, Field Book of 1S12, p. 702. I * , ». in^ a (letachiuent of the XewfouiKlland iv<:jinicnt and artillery to relieve Maekiiuic, and withdiawini;- the battalion of the 41.st from York for the defence of Kintiston.^ The munher of desertions from the jjjarrison of Fort Niagara had become so great and the discontent of the men so pronounced, that the liattalion was finally withdrawn and replaced l>y the lOOth. Scarcely had this been acc(Ji:iplished than they, too, began to deseri in such numbers that General Riall, who had been left in connnand of the division, was forced in utter despair to reconnnend the abandonment of "that cursed fort," as he forciblv designated it.- At that time the British ai-mv was larmdv recruited from the pauper and criminal classes, and many fcjreigners were enlisted even into n-giments of the line. Th'^s, five men deserting in a body from the Royal Scots at this time were described as being all foreignei's. Besides being imperfectly clothed and often harshly treated, they had )'ecei\'ed no pay for upwards of six months, ond their discontent at the irksome and monotonous round of duty in Fort Niagara is not sur})rising. J)runnnond, however, resolutelv refused his consent to the evacua- tion of a post so important, and. as tine weather returned, desei'tions diuiinished. He was unremitting in his preparations for the coming campaign. Through the worst of weather anur in store. In fact his embarrassments in this respect \vere quite as great as those of the Duke of Wellinjj^ton during the Peninsular war, who was so much engaged with tliis vital ([ues- tion of food and su])plies that he was accustomed to say that he did not know whether he was nmch of a general Itut he felt cei'tain tliat he was a tirst-rate commissariat officer. Although a vote of censure had been just passed on his predecessor in the Government by the Legislative Assend)ly of the Province, for having procla ned martial law for the purpose of supplying his troops from the country, Drum- mond was then compelltMl by danger of absolute starvation to resort to it again, though with great anxiety and reluctance, as the iidiabi- tants did not ap|)ear willing to part with their produce at any price. His etfbi'ts to induce the western Indians to remove to Lower Canada were unsuccessful, as well as his endeavors to persuade the Six Nations to return to their deserted farms on the Grand River. The inefficiency of the militia from want of disci] »line and defective ecjuip- ment, as well as lack of competent officers, having become manifest, he directed the enlistment of a battalion of four hundred men from among them to serve during the war, Avith the intention of permitting the remainder to bestow their undivided attention upon tlieir ordinary pursuits, except in the e\ent of a levy cd rtuiNsc to repel actual in- vasion. Captain William Robinson, of the 8th, was appointed lieu- tenant-colonel, and Captain James Kerby, of the Lincoln Militia, major, of this corps. The I'anks were rapidly tilled up with stalwart young recruits, and it was armed and exercised as a battalion of light infantiy, under the title of tlie Incorporated Militia. Several captur- ed field-guns and tundjrils were fitted for active service, and supplies of grain and flour diligently collected in various parts of the country for the support of the forces in the field. ^ It seemed evident that a fresh attempt at invasion would not long be delayed. American newspapers clamored for the speedy recov^ery of Fort Niagara. L tte in January Black Rock was re- occupied by their troops, and t ey began to annoy the British post at Fort Erie hy the tire of artillery from batteries there."^ At the same time they were reported to be buiMing large barracks upon Lewiston Heights, several miles inland. The subsequent movement of a large 1. Drumniond to Prevost. March 29 ; '2. Dninimond to Prevost, Feb. 1. t 9 » JL . * «^» • body of troops from Sackett/s Harbor in that direction was almost innnediately revealed to the commandant at Kinji^ston by deserters, and General Riall was placed on his - g-ress, Drunnuond was anxiously but fruitlessly urging Sir Gecji'ge Prevost to reinforce the British forces in that (juartei' without delay. His repeated warnings were to a very great extent unheede 1 b}' the Governor, who had his attention fixed u]>on the numerous American army massed upon the shores of Lake Champlain. Pencilled upon the margin of Drummond's letter of June 21st, 1S14, exi)ressing his firm belief that the main attack would be made on the Niagara, and that the movement of troops towards Plattslmrg was sinjply a feint to prevent reinforcements from being despatched from Lower Canada to his assistance, there may be yet seen this significant memorandum in the handwriting of his irritable su])erior: "Much obliged to Lieut.-Gen. Drunnuond for his opinion, but it is entirely without foundation." Thus Drunnuiaid was forced to rely for the time l)eing upon the troo])S already in the Upper Province. As soon as naviga- tion opened he reinforced General Riall with the 108rd regiment, and a small company of marine ai-tillery. Even after the arrival of these troops, the strength of the right division of the army in Upper Canaht field- works had been constructe*! at Chippawa and Queenston, and a new redoul)t built at IS'iapira to command the mouth of tiie liver. at iirst named Fort Riall, but subsetpiently known as Fort MississauL;a.- When these works aiul Forts Erie and Oeorjjfe were propei'ly ^'airi- soned scaicely seven hundred men ivmained available for field o])erations. Manv of the soldiers still nominally eti'eetive were so enfeebled by disease, e.\i)osui'e, and fatigue in watching such an ex- tended line, that they had really become unfit for active scrx ice. 'Die .surgeon of the Nth I'econniiended that the battalion of that rea'inieiit, then stationetl at Chi})])awa and Niagara Falls, should be innnediutely removed, as the hospitals were full, and nearly every man in it had been down with dysentery or intermittent fever witin'n twelve months.'* The Roval Scots had suffered nearly as much in tl»e same way. Wi'iting from Kingston to Sir George Prevost, Diuniuiunid thus sunnned up the situation : "One of the best regiments is .shut up in Fort Niagara, another decidedly inefficient, and a third exj)ected to be sc> if compelled to take the Held.'^ Late in June hedetei'inined to relieve the (Sth In' the 41st, and sent forward the Incoi'porated Militia to the frontier, but was unable to remove the Royals as he desired to do. Deserters who came into the British lines agreed in rej)r('senting that an attack was inn)iinent, and reported that the ai'dor of the New York Militia had been much incivased by the distribution of hand- bills announcing that the Emperor of the French had gained a great victory near Pai'is, in which he had taken the sovereigns of Austria, Pru.ssia, and. Russia, anled at Buffalo, and the enemy were described as collecting boats in Tonawanda Creek, with the intention, it was conjectured, of crossing the river below (irand Island. A party of Indians, under Captains C;ddwell and Elliott, was then sent out from Fort Niagara in the h(jpe of penetrating tlieir designs, l)ut although they i-anged the country for a dozen miles and burned a large' new barracks upon Lewiston Heights, they failed to discovei* anything of importance. Owing to this uncertainty respecting his enemy's in- tentions, General Riall was obliged to retain the greatei' part of his field force at Chippawa and Queenston, and leave his right wing com- paratively weak. In Fort Erie there was a garrison of 125 men, veiy ineffective from sickness. Colonel Pear.son, with a i (|U('i'r Htory of his [)lantinjj^ a buttery in a hollow For th«' ailvaiita^'c of elevating the t^uiiH to Hi*** at th«' hciifhts ahiivf. Hut he was uiitlouhtcilly lii'a\c and ciicr^Ttie. Hipley was another active [).)Iiticiaii, who had lu'cn siMviker of the MassaehnsettM AsHenil)ly, Imt Scott and most of the Held oHici-is were professional .soldiers. Brown's instructions dii'ected him to foi'ce his wav to liuriin<2ton, leavin;^; the forts at the mouth of the river on one side and severing' their coimnunications with York. Havini; <;"ained the liead of the lake, he was to await there the aiM'i\al of Commodore ('haunce\''s siiuadron, when he ^^ as (dveii discretionarv auth(trit\' to invest and I'educe till' liritisli forts or move directly upon Kingston, as circum- stances miy;ht seem to direct. The \iews and expectations of the Secretary of War are descrihed in a letter to the President on the .SOth V])rii, in which he says: — '■ Ei<;ht, or even six, thousand m«'n landed in the l)ay hetween I'oint Ahiiio and Foi-t Krie and oj)ei"atino' either on the line of the Xiauara or more dii'ectly, if a more direct route is found, against the British ])ost at the head of IJurlin^ton Bay, cannot he resisted witli effect without compellin;;' the enemy so to weaken his nioi'i- east/rn posts as to hiMUo- them within reach of our uieaiis at Sacketts Hai..»or and Plattshurii'. " In the letter. June 10, vrhich actually put Br.)wn's army in motion, he informed that otlicer that tiie .Secretary (jf the Navy was of the opinion that C'liaunceys s((ua(l. on would not he ready to co-o'it'rate liefore the 15th July, lait. he added: " To o-ive, however, innnediate occupation to your ti'oo])s, and to |>i-event their hlo )d from staji-natinii", whv not take Fort Erie and its oarrison, stated at three oi' four hundred men :* Land between Point Abino and Erie in the night: as.sail the fort l)y land and water; push Ibrward a corps to .seize the l)ridge at Chippawa : and be governed by circumstances in either .stoiiping there or going fai-ther. Boals may follow and feeil von. If the enemy concentrates his whole force on this line, as 1 think he will, it will not exceed two tliousand men.'' Not a shot had b(,*en tired while the invader.s were landing. Fort Erie was immediately invested, and although ])runnnond had con- fidently anticij-ated that an invading army would 1 e detained several days before it, the ccnnmandant surrendered the same eveniuif. A battalion of United States I'ifles, accomijanied by a stronfj' Yndv of militia, appeared simultaneously upon Lewiston Heights, alternately menacing Queenston and Fort Niagara. Advancing to reconnoitre with his light trcops, Pearson found the Americans posted in force upon the heiglits opposite Black Rock, and next day he Avas steadily pushed back bj' their advance, destroying the iterv ill a V lu'ijflits plt'V WHH iiclmsctts it'cssional iriiii^iton, st'Vi'riiiji' (i nl" tlic luiuiun-v's iNt'st ami H circ'uui- (loHcrilted e Hay.s : — L'cii Point Niunara (• Hritisli ith ctioL-t 11 ])i>sts as u-Mir and 1 motion, as of tlie o-oneratt' luniMliatt' 1(1 fioni three or in the corps to mces in Ultl ft'i'il ne, as I K' ;'. Foi't lad con- 1 s;«nL'ral lini)^. A l)j(l\' (jf eiiiatelv I. )iuid the lock, and )ying the 17 l)ridi,'eH ujion the road as he retired. These wei-e rapidly rehuih \>y his pui'siiej's, who eiicaiMpetl f<»i- the nioht within siy^ht of the Hritish Held-woiks at Chippawa. (leneial Ihown was apparently well in- f<»i'ined resj»ectin;^' the nioxcnients and innnhers of his ojtpnnent, I'oi- he estimated that Kiall eonld not hrinu' niore than a thonsand men into the field, and his advance was conducti'<| with the conHtlence en- ;;«'ndered l»y consciousness of an o\erwheImin;;' numerical superiority. Althouii'h the march was a continual skirmish, his advance-^uai'fl was ])Ushed holdly onward, and hrnsheil the opposin;;- liy'ht troops out of its path with ease, i'l'oclamations wei'eiiistrihuted amon^" the inhahi- tantsa.ssurin;^ them that 'All ])ers(»ii^ deu'eanin^' themsehcs peaceahly and pursuing' theii- privrite laisiness slwadd he ti-eated as friends." .Major-( Jeneral Phineas Hiall, the Ihitish c(ainiiander. was an otHcer oi" twt'nt\' vears stahdiu"''. \et had seen little actual warfare. He is descrilied as a short, stout, near-sighted man, of an impetuous temperament, and rashly hrave. Five companies of the Royals weiT liurrietl forward hy him to ( 'hippawa. and a messa^^'e despatcheil for the instant recall of the Sth. That hattaliawa. instead, of assailini^theni upon their march, as he had at first intend.ed. Keconnoitei'in' i)ieket- ^•uai'd, captui'lui;' a wounded man and hesieeiny' the n-mainder in a farm house until relieved. Parties of scouts j)assed (piiti' around the American camp, and their reports in«luced the iK'liel' that the main liodv of their armv had not vet come uit. Kiall had then thri'c skele- ton battalions of infantry, numbering;' l.-SOO rank and tile, a ti"ooj) of the l!)th Dragoons, six pi«'ces of Held ai'tillery, ^iOO Indians and about the same number of Lincoln ^lilitia.^ In the meantime the Ameri- cans in his front had been jcjined by Ripley's entire l)rieade and tlie i^reater part of Porter's, and uow numbered nearly five thousand com- batants, with nine e-uns. They had encamped 1)ehind Street's Creek, a shallow stream less than twentv vards in width at its mouth, and everywhere easily fordable. A tract of cultivated land in their front, divided into fields by ordinary loy or brushwood fences, extended from the river to dense woods on the left, a distance of less than half a niile. Near the.Chippawa, a thin belt of trees stretched down almost to the water's edge, partially concealing the movements of either ai-my from the other. 1. I'liall to Druininond, .July 6. 18 Late ill tlic iiftrnioitii Uiall |>ii»\ukci| tlit- jittciitioii (»l" liis ikInci'- siwy 1)\' ixishiii':' forwnnl a IftacliiiH-nt t»l" tli<' 2inl ami -W^l Ijiicoln, iimltT Li('\it.-("«tl. Dickson, ami tin- whole lutdy nf ImliaiiM, Icil l»y ( 'apt. .litliii Nnrtuii. to (K'iMi|»y tln' \v Is oil tin- Hank ol' liis position. l)io\\ n |iroiii|itly atcln'l not rally until the 2.')tli V.S. Infantry and a sipiadron of draeoons were sent to their suj)j)()rt. Scvei-al prisoners, anionu' them three Held-orficers of the I'eiinsyhania rej^-i- meiit ami a Cayuea chief, were taken, and fifteen Indians and a numher of militia left dead on the field.' Le Fort, himself, was mortally Wfjunded, and Dochstader. chief of tlie Oneidas. was aiiion<; the killed. Towards tlie close of this contest Col. Dickson of the Lincoln militia was w«auided and the connufind of his battalion, whieli hail liehaved very eallantly and sustained a comiiaratively heavy loss, dexolved on Major David Secord, a veteran of tlie Revolution. Mean- while Hiall had pas.sed the Cliip})awa with his entire force, and ai-olonged their line of battle t:) the I'dge of the woods. The British artillerv was pushed gradually forward until within four hundivd yards of tluii" antagonistH, and begun the action with great spirit. Three guns ot* Towson's battery replied, but one of them was speedily dismounted, and the others seemed in a fair way of beini; driven out of action, when one of the British tumbrils was struck by a shell and blew up, disabling several men and horses l»esides causing great confusion and depriving them of much of their lixed ammunition. - 1. White, Lossiin;,', Stone. •_'. Capt. .Mackonoehie to Maj.-Cien. Glasifow, Auj;, 19. s athcr- i/niculii, liv ( 'apt. 1)1 own I'lii liack. •re r\»'ii li troops It. Till' li a^^i'cat L'liiNclvcs li^iit iii- r assist- pClMl'llCO kcts and witliin a Is. tlll-t'W , ticit'civ I <1 riven i\ re.siTve Infantry Several na re^i- nunilx'i" lortally ' killed. Lincoln which ivy loss, j\lean- and ud- (1 taken 11^ tiiis, ire with \, while battle adually (ts, and )attery others of the several g- them 10 In conHeijnt'nct' of this unrortunatt' f\ciit (Icntial l!iall wa.s (»l>li;^t'd to Itring forward his iid'antry iircmatun-ly to tln' rtlirf u|" the nuns, which were thi'ii iiieiiacfd frMin tlir liyiit hy a hMttaiion of infantry. l''oniiiiig' six coiii|iiniifs of the IIovm! Scots, and five coiii- panit's of thi' JODtli into two columns, )>arall('l with each other, and placing a liyht lii'M pii-cr in^ion each llank ami one in the inti'r\ il, lie leil them in |M'rson against tin' ccutrt- of his oppoiit-nt's jiosition. The JSth, t'lifcehlcd liy disease and Wearied I»y its long march, was held in i-esei-ve. Kach of these l>,ittalit»ns, their liglit companies having heen detached, numhereil less than four humhe'l lank and lih'. Se )tt's brigade alon<' thus v^'vy matei-iall}' outnumlx'red the force ahout to attack it. I»y the time this formation had been com[>leted, the whole of the American Held artilh-ry had l»eeii brought into action, and the Hritish guns wei'e almost re(luced to silence. Their ])ieces were then shotted with canister, and turne- uncer- tain. Lieut. -C'ol. (lordon and the .Mar<|uis of Tweeddale fell des|)er- att'ly wohnded at the head of their battalions. Nearly exery Held- officer was struck down. The men fell in heai)s under the scathing Hre of the enemy. As they moved forward the American artillery literally tore great ,gaps thi'ough their ranks, which fta' some time were steadily closed ui). But Hnallv the survivors were invohcd in inextricable confusion, and began to straggle to the rear when within about eio'hty yards of the enemy's i)osition. Kiall exposed himself recklessly, and yet esca])ed unhurt, altho\igh his clothing was ])ierced with several bullets, but all his efibi'ts tore-form the ranks in tlie face of that murderous Hr<' were miavailing. The Nth was brought up to cover the retreat, wiiich was accomplished in tolerable order, as the Americans showed little inclination to follow up their advantage. M(jst of the deiid and many of the severely W(junded were left upon the Held, and the guns were removed only by the gallant exer- tions of s«)me troopers of the lJ)th Dragoons, who attached their own horses to the carriages, and roy Cieneral Swift, of the New York Militia, with one hundred and twenty volunteers, who was also upon a scouting expedition, and a sharp skirmish took place, in which Evans lost six men and the Amencan leader was killed.^ The move- :aents of his opponent next morning led Riall to believe that an attempt would be made upon the depot at Burlington, and having increased the ijarrisons of the three forts at the mouth (jf tlie river to l,55-l- eifectives,* he resumed his retreat towards the head of the lake with only (S8() officers and men of all arms, while the Amei'icans at Queenston were tiling minute-guns for their dead general.- The same day Colonel Henry Sc(>tt a-t',and as often retired to their tents a^'ain without accomplishing anything. During all this time they dilishinfj an etiectivel)lockade of the Britisli works. Upon one occasiim two Biitish fieM-guns galloped out of Fort George and shelled tlieir rear-guard, and the same day five of their cavalry videttes were surprised and carried off by militia lurking in the woods alono; their line of march. The wiauen and children in the farm houses and fields by the wayside consi)ired to mislead and battle the detachments sent in pursuit. iVEean while a levy en vmL^^a of the militia from Long Point to the Bay of Quinte had been proclaimed, and in a few days Kiall was joined by upwards of a thousand men of diti'erent battalions, "many of them tine serviceable fellows," but bjuljy armed and uny pillage and rapine. "Tlu! whole population is a^-ainst us,"' wnjte 31ajor ]\IcFarlanrd U. S. Infantr^^ "Not a foraoinuf r^arty i>'oes out but is tii'ed on, and fre(iuentl3' returns with diminished numbers. This state was to ha^ e been anticipa.ted. The militia and Indians have plundered and burnt everything." Much t(; theii- surprise they found that the Canadian militia were still " fervent beyond parallel in the cause of their kin(>' and country." Willcocks' battalion of Canadian refunfees eagerly seized the opportunity of wreaking sunnnary vengeance upon their loyalist enemies. Old men and boys were sent as ]:)i-isoners to the United States, and women maltreated. Their example was enuilated by Colonel Stone s connnand of niounted riflemen, branded as "licensed plunderers " by General Kiall. It was even confidently assei'ted that a nund)er of silver spoons were found in General Swift's pocket after his death, which he had taken fi'om a neigbboring farm house less tlian one hour befoie. Before crossing the river, Gen. Brown had intimated that he ex- pected to be in a position to invest Forts George and Missassauga on the lOth of July. This eniiauemeiit he miiiht have fulfilled to an hour had the American fleet Ijeen in sight. Contrary to the advice of his engineer officers, he deemed it necessar}' to wait for siege-guns, and wrote an urgent despatch to hasten their arrival. But his letter found Connnodore Chauncey sick in bed, and that prudent conunander positively refused to allow the next senior officer to take his ships to sea. The parti.'Can Avarfare dail^' grew keener. On the loth an Ameri- can wagon train aa.-is attacked at (^)ueenst Riall to Druniiuond, July IT ; Iliid, July -l-l. 24 men, Captain Fitzgililton olitnined an excellent view of his entire army spread t>ut in the plain below, from the summit of Queenston Heights. As he watched their movements their tents were struck, and their retiring colunnis tilled the I'oads, extending from De Puisaye's house, within gun-shot of Fort George, without a break to the village of Queenston, a distance of more than five miles. Linger- ing too long in his covert, he was discovered by their light troops, and hotly pursued almost to the British outposts upon the Ten Mile Creek. ^ That night the American army again encamped at Queen- ston, the British advance-guard was pushed forward to Four Mile Creek, and conniiunication with the garrisons re-established. The sudden retirement of the invading forces is said ta have been caused by intelligence that the militia of the Province was rising cii hi((Kse with the intention of cutting off their retreat. The next morning General Brown received a despatch from Sackett's Harbor, informing him that the American s([Uadron was still closely blockaded there, and he innnediately retired behind the Chippawa. Relinijuish- ing all hopes of co-operation on the part of the fleet, he stated that his intentions were to disencundoer his army of all unnecessary bag- gage, and luiA'ing lulled his antagonists susjjicions by his abrupt retro- grade movement, to make a rapid march upon Burlington.- He en- tertained no doubt of his ability to cope with the British army in the field and to march in anv direction throuu'h the countrv, but had based his ho])es of reduciuii' the forts entirelv on the arrival of Chauncev's sijuadron with heavy artillery. UntV)rtunately for the success oi tliis plan, Sir Gorh Warton ^lorrison, who had won tlie hard-fous,dit battle at Chrvsler's farm the autunni before. The two Hank companies of the 104th, completed by volunteers to tlie nund)er of sixtv rank and hie each, had already been sent forward to strengthen Rinll, under tlie command of their fiery-hearted Lieutenant- Colonel, his nephew, William Drunnnond of Keltic. Furthei" rein- forcements, consisting of the Regiment De Watteville and detach- ments of other coi'ps, were likewise on the way from Kingston, leav- ing that important post almost without a gairison. One of Drunnnond's tirst acts was to order the discharge -of all the very young, as well as the old and weakly nnlitiamen, with the double object oi relieving the strain upon his supply of provisions and setting them at liberty to gather their hay. Learning that the Americans had established their base of supplies at Lewiston, he im- mediately embarked the >Si)th in the two armed vessels, Stdr and Cluirwell, leaving York garrisoned by only a few invalids, with instruc- I. Riall to Drummond, July 22. 2. Blown to .Vrmstroni;, Auj;. 7. . '10 •r ... tioiis to proceed directly to tlie mouth of the Xiaj^oira. Upon its arrival, Lieut.-Col. Tucker --vas instructed to draft two-tiiirds of the garrisons from the different forts, making, with the cSOth and flank companies of the 104th, a body of about 1,500 men, and at day-break on the 25th to assail the batteries the Americans were said to have begun near Youngstown, while (Jeneral Riall was directed at the same time to advance towards 8t. Davids for the purpose of distracting the attention of their force in Canada and preventing then>. from sending reinforcements across the river. A bold and successfid stroke at then- de I Kit oi supplies, he argued, would seriously )t'0})ardize the position of the invaders, while he explicitly stated that he ditli Liiiiit Drau'ooiis, half a l)attalion of the Stli, ami seven companies of the lOMrd, with two ()-pountain, three subalterns and 250 elective men, while the others Avere very little stronjj'er. Tlie militia reo-i- ments were weak in nund)ers, and miserabl}' armed and e(|uipped. Altogether there were about 4,000 men scattered o\'er thii'ty miles of country, but capable of being concentrated at a few hours' notice to resist the advance of the enemv. On the evening of the 2.Srd the whole of Ckaieral Brown's army once more encamped in the plain between Street's Creek and the Cliippawa, but a battalion of riflemen and a regiment of militia were still posted on Lewiston Heights, having their pickets advanced as far as Youngstown. Their principal magazine of supplies had, how- ever, been remove*! to Schlosser. At midnio'ht Colonel Pearson received orders to advance with his brigade, iuind)ering about 800 of all ranks, and by seven (jclock (jn the morning of the 25th he had taken possession of the high ground at Lundy's Lane without encountering the slightest opposition. In the course of its march this detachment was animated b}' the spectacle of two stout-hearte^l countrywomen lirinii-inii' in an American soldier Avhom they had disarmed and made prisoner.^ Instructions had been issued to Colonel Scott to move upon the same point from Twelve Mile Creek at three in the morning, but these orders were subse([Uently countennanded, and his brigade ]. Xaiiative of Col. Jas. McQueen. '( •' \ 27 '\ ' •I reiiiaineer of hoats. manned In' se;uiien under Caji- tain Alexander Dol)bs. Tucker's cohnnn arrived at Lewiston al)out noon, and dro\e out the ^'arrison after a tritline- skirmish, eapturine' a hundred tents and a small (piantity of other stores. The lieht company of the 41st and the detachment of the Royals were then brouo'ht over to Queenston and added to Morrison's column, increas- ing it to about 800 officers and men. After a brief halt the march was resumed, and towards six o'clock a dragoon rode up in haste to meet (Jeneral Drummond. who was near the rear of the column anat was in a manner im})o.ssible without liazarding disaster. Drummond's resolu- tion was ])ronip-tly taken. He at once countei'mande ^lio. 3. Riall to Dnininioiid. .July 17. 4 Interesting account by a musician. ."■>. 1st Briirarie. 84 otticers, 14-22 N. C. <». and privates ; 2d Brii^ade, 52 officers IKK) N. 0. O. and privates.— Return signed l)y S. Gritflth, A. A. O t>. J. L. Thomson states the strength of the artillery engaged at 3(37. ;{() cum'iiiei'rs, still rciiniiu t<» lir at'couiitt'd t'tir, l>ut (»t' tlu'sc no ivtui'iis ai'f availnltlc Making iliic alluwaiiet; for tlicsc and the ))rol>»il)le iiU'lt'i'statfiiicHt of tlic loss of tilt' militia hriij-adi-, it is safe to sav that lirowii liad undci' arms on tin- cNi'iiini;' of the Llotli of .Iidy at least 4. .")()() of all ranks, of wlioiii u|)\vards of ;{..")()() were rt'ouJarH. A cfitain proportion probably wen- detailed for camp service, hnt after makini;' a reasoiiaMe dednetion for this, he still mnst haxc heeii alile to ln'in;;' iiio)v than 4, ()()() men intt» action, with nine pieces of Held artiliei'V, three of which were iN-poundei's, an«l one a r>J,-inch howitzer, in facta letter dated at Buffalo next day, j^dvinL^ a \ ery accu- rate acc(»unt of the hattle, states his force en^'a^vd at precisely that numher.^ In artillery he [)ossesse(l a dcided pi-ejionderanci' from the hci-iiniinu' of th»' action, an adNantau'e which was onlv ))artialh' conn- terhalanced hy the excellence of the position occui)ied hy tlu.' Iji'itish rt 7 4 676 4 !)(I.T Lind nri''ade. 1st ■Jlst ■i;in\ (ieueral Staff 141 441 •2«2 4i> G •JO 5174 4-2 Monthly return of troops under Gen. Brown, F'ort Erie, 31st Jul.v, 1814. Ronihardiers, etc Li;;ht Dratroons .\rtiller.\ Corjis . First Hri^fade . . Second Uriirade . . 58 47 241 !:<).') 874 1 12 411 42 2281 220 840 718 4 1780 64 80 1 2281 1780 4.')04 2125 '.)7 It is (juite prtposteious to suppose that Gen. Brown would have afflrined his ahility to march in any direction over the country and to conquer Upper Canada within two months if he had only 2,0(H( men at !ms coinniand. His despatches hefore Lundy's Lane all hear the stamp of conscious numerical supeiiority — those of Dnniunond and Hiall indicate a knowledge of their inferiority. It will he ohserved that Porter's hrigade is entirely omitted from the fore^foiuK return, although what remained of it was unques- tionaV)ly present at Fort Erie on that date. 31 tiviiilin;^' y'l'Milually imrtliwaiil, cm'oxsciI tlif TwcKc Milr ('i-i-ck at l)o(\'\v's Kails. AliDiit a Immlri'tl vanls west ot" the imu'tidii of tlic roiKls.on the south siilcot' Luiiilys Laiic, stoi nl a I'l'cshytrrian clmrt'li. a low IVaiiii- htiihliii;;'. paiiitcil red. it occupied the hiehest point of the rise, which slopes evntly southwai'd ami westward, hut dips more ahruittlv U) the east and north. ( )n the riiiht of the church la\- a small euclosiu'e, in which a few weathcrhcatcn Wfjoden slahs ami rude lii'own heailstoues. with sometimes a l)rief inscription roiie'hly car\C(l up(tn them hy the \illa^e Macksmith's chisel, hut more often nameless, marked the ;4i'a\es of the fathers of the settlement. Hither, too, brave younj.; ('ceil Hissho]! was home hy mournine' comrailes ii))on their return fi'om that dai-inu' raid in which he nn't his death, and here he still ivi)oses. Southwai'd, a tlu'iN'ine- x-oun*:' oi'cliard cosci'ed the slope below the <;raveyard, exten-ht troops to reo-ain the p(».- 'ion they had just abandoned. Then, iis now, Liindys Lane was bor(.'re(l l)y nuuiy api)le,cherr3' and peach trees, thi-ustine- tiieir projecting;' houi;'hs over the hi^-hway. In these orchai'ds the iden- garry Light Infantry took up their ground, forming the right wing of the Britis I line of battle. Tomkins' two field guns with the rocket pai-ty were planted among the graves on the very sunnnit of the knoll beside the church, so as to sweep the road. The detachment of the ^ih and the Incorporate()() of rps, eoii- inmaiuls [^ a total British iition of tion was )V these ' Auion- tighting s, it was ('ii-an tlie ire fi-ont ly main- had just in tlieir se of the jewiston, )ru(luced for a few where it Infantry iurn bcjtli as easily AUL'USt, IS14. repelled by he artillery tire alone. Ftnt u})on the left of the line, the Americans soon ohtainetl a decide)! advantaj^e. Ohservin;^ tin* l)elt of unoccupied ;;)-ound next to the I'iver, Scott ordered C'olomd T. S. Jesup. with tlie '2i')t]\ V. S. Iidantry, to make a wide circuit thiou^di the undergrowth in that direction, and, hy tiirnin;;' Drumniond's think, Htt«'mpt to ^^ain possession of tin* (^)ueenston road in the rear. Favoi-ed by tlie aj)proach of iijoht and concealed from view by thickets, that rej^iment made its way un[)erceived into the interval, anattery struck one of Towson's amnuniition wa|>'ons, which in.stantly blew up with a ;;reat explosion. This incident was hailed in turn bv exultiuii' shouts fnnn the successful muiners, who redoubled their ettbi'ts in conseciuence, and the American pieces wei'e .speedily overpowered by their lire, and iilmo.st, if not (juite, silenced. The renniant of the Incorpoivited Militia (piickly recovered from its con- fusion, and i-e-formed ni rear of the (S9th', fronting' the Queenston ronut the}'^ were in no con- dition to pursue their disorganized enemies. Pearson's brigade had marched fourteen miles, and had been deprived of sleep the night be- fore; Morrison's detachment had accomplished the same distance: and the remainder not less than twenty-one miles in the heat of a July day. Almost one-third of their entire mnnber had been killed or wounded, or were missing. The survivors were utterly exhausted, and threw themseles down to rest among the dead and dying upon the bloodstained hill they had finally re-con(|uered. Thus ended the most stubbornly-contested and sanguinary engagement ever fought in the Province of Ontario, after having con- tinued five hours and twenty-three minutes.- By American writers it is frequently styled the battle of Bridge water or Niagara Falls: in British official records, it is known b}^ the name of Niagara, and, in commemoration of the fact, the Royal Scots, 8th, 41st and privates missing. 2.Srd Infantry — 1 officer, N.C.O. and men killed: 7 officers 45 N.C.O. and men wounded: 27 X.C.O. and men missing. Start' — 1 officer wounded, 1 officer missing. Canadian Volunteers — 1 private killed, 2 privates wounded, S privates missing. Pennsvlvania Volunteers — 1 officer, 10 X.C.O. and men killed: 8 officers, 21 men wcaunkMl; 1 officer missing. Xew York Volunteers — 1 officer, 8 X.C.O. and men killed; 2 officers, 12 X.C.O. and men wounded: 1 officer missing. .0. ' APPENDIX NO. 3. . I ^«t ■■ I BRITISH OFFICERS KILLED. Captain Spooner, 89tli. Lieut. Moorsom, 104th, D.A.A.G. Lieut. Hemphill, Lst Royal Scots. Lieut. Lathoin, 89th. Ensign Campbell, Incorporated Militia. Woundnl. Lieut.-Gen. Drunnnond : Major-Gen. Riall : Lieut.-Cols. Morrison and Pearson ; Capts. McLauchlan and Brereton : Lieuts. LeBreton, Haswell, Fraser, Noel, Sand'm^an, Steel, Pierce, Taylor, Lloyd, Miles, Redmond, Hooper, Langhorne and Kerr, of the regulars. Lieut.-Col. Robinson : Majors Hatt and Simmons : Capts. Fraser, Washburn, McDonald, H. Nelles and Rocknian: Lieuts. Dougall, Rut- tan, Hamilton, Thompson, Orrtield and Smith: Ensigns McDonald and Kennedy, of the militia. AMERICAN OFFICERS KILLED.^ Major McFarland ; Capts. Goodrich, Hooper, Hull, Kinney, Ritchie and Spencer : Lieuts. Armstrong, Bigelow, Burghardt, Davidson, Kehr, Poe, Sturgis and Turner : Ensign Hunter. Woimdcd. Major-General Brown : Brig.-Generals Portei and Scott : Colonel Brady : Lieut.-Cols. Dobbins, Jesup, Leavenworth and McXeil : Major Wood : Capts. Biddle, Bissel, Bliss, Burl>ank, Foster, Foulk, McMillan, Odell, Pentland, Smith and Worth : Lieuts. Abeel, Beans, Bedford, Blake, Brown, Camp, Campbell, Cilley, Cooper, Culbertson, Cushman, Dick, Dieterich, Fei-guson, Fisher, Fisk, Fowle, Gittbrd, Haile, Ingersoll, Jacobs, Landi, McChain, Macla}', O'Fling, Schnmck, Siia3dor, Stephen- son, Tappan, Thompson, Vasquez, Weljster and Whiting: Ensigns Jacobs, Jones and Thomas. 1. Gardner Diet. U. S. Army. PUBLICATIONS ISSUED BY THE LUNDY'S LANE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. >ls. Morrison s. LeBreton, Lk)yd, Miles, apts. Fi"aser, )ougalI, Rut- cDonakl and mey, Ritchie ridson, Kehr, ott : Colonel ;Xeil : Major k, McMillan, ms, Bedford, n, Cushnian, le, Ingersoll, ior, Stephen - i£j: Ensijjns BY CAPT. E. CRUIKSHANK. The Battle of Lundy's Lane, 1814. (3rd Edition, greatly improved, with Map) $0.25 The Battle of Queenston Heights, pp. 46 25 The Battle of Beaver Dam 20 The Fight in the Beechwoods, pp. 24 25 The Story of Butler's Rangers, pp. 114 30 BY MRS. S. A. CURZON. The Story of Laura Secord (1813) 10 Canada— In Memoriam (1812-14) 10 BY WM. KIRBY, F. R. S. C. The Servos Family (1726 to 1812) 10 BY REV. JOHN BURNS. A Loyal Sermon of 1814, preached in Stamford, near Lundy's Lane. 10 BY JANET CARNOCHAN. Niagara, 100 years ago. 25 BY REV. E. J. F'ESSENDEN. A Centenary Study 25 — ALSO — The Annual Reports of the L. L. H. S. Brief Account of the Battle of Lundy's Lane, 1814, by Sir R. H. Bonnycastle, Knight. Accounts of Re-interments of Remains of Soldiers of 1812, found in 1891 and 1893, respectively, with Addresses on each occasion. Laura Secord of 1813. Photogravure, with brief sketch. An appeal to Public and High Schools; Monument Fund; Laura Secord.