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Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure ara filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre fiimds A des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtrc reproduit en un seul clichA, 11 est film6 A partir da I'angle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droits, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'imagas n^cessaira. Las diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. rrata o seiure, 1 d H 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 ■ 4 5 6 w % f<- J 1 I * I * > » t « » I > Illustrated Montreal, 1 1 « » » I ) « > 1 1 1 1 > riie Metr()|)()lis of Canada. ITS kDMWrH' IIIS'l'nR\, ITS ni:.\ri'iiTi, sti;M;u\ , ITS (.KAMI iNsirnrrdNs, ITS I'UICSICNT C.KIIATNKSS, ITS iiTiui'; si'i.i;.\i)i)i<. < I I 1 1 I'll ' > .» I a 1 > I I I • 1 > Joint McComiiff, /'. (>. /Am- ,v,v, I'libhslin i>t III,- ■■ i,i-m SmnYiin Sriin" „/ (.,iiui••• ••••• 111 sei till to nio \va' f lo JSJ, " s^ r; s M ^ h I IXTRODUCTORV. X thf words of a Canadian poet, all visitors may be welooiiicd to Montreal ; " I'rifiiiK wliii lia\i- jiiiirmv 111 far tn sliaic 'I'lu- vi'ivi- 111' our C:iiiailiaii air, (irrt'tiiiy aiiii liivc ti 1 all." The city and t-nvirons of Montreal are rich in historical associations, and possessed of natnral heautx' well calcnlatcd to delij^ht the traveller and j^ive new sensations of ])leasnre to tourists -.wuX seekers of recreation. Vox such these paijes were written, for, although Montreal is the ^reat mercantile emporium of the Dominion, the .seat of man\- manufacturing; enterprises, and one of the most llourishini; cities on tliis continent, it is not intended in this little work to deal with its Inisine.ss aspects. Such details can be easily obtained in imblications devoted to them. lUit Montreal, bein.n ty]iical of Canada, havin.t; in its .streets and its inhabitants all the characteristics of Mnijlish and h'rench ."cupation, ])resents a series of piclures to the stranj^er uni(|ue in its institutions and transformations. Here ma\ be seen the indications of the .growth of a new nation de\eloi)in^ a spirit and a type all its own, ,ind destined to play an important part in the history of the world. The new and the old ma\ \ww be seen : the modern and the ancient —the one risinj;, the other iiassin;; awa\ . These ]>aj;es will direct tin- visitor in tlie way of ob.serving the.se things, and to the places most worthy his attention. 98063 , I i'uri.l:i 111 (111- V'-;" '■"""■ " ,t Hu- l..-,..rti,u-... o. A«vi...H.iir. ,SB*R.TS * CO., ...H.V.BS »~D PRlNnRS, ,3 ST. J«M!8 felBEET, MONIHfL STRAXCil^R visitiiijj Montreal lias a world of natural hcauty and whole volumes of historical romance to delij;ht, instruct antl annise him. Should he happily jiossess an eye for the beautiful, a heart to appreciate the sublime, the heroic, and the ])athetic, no city in America will more richl\- reward his rambles and researches. To the mere pleasure-seeker, or to the man of business, Montreal is not less attractive, for it i>osse.sses in itself and its environs all that can enchant the one and give practical information to the other. Here the Old World and the Xcw World meet and ilow in ))arallel channels, placidly disunited, like the waters of the St. Laweuce and the Ottawa, coutrastinj;, yet comi)lementinirsoniii/ of the scene passed awa\- forever, we need .scarcely marvel that the name, at first so important, was long forgotten ; but it is almost incredible to think that a name, which might ajiprojiriately have extended itself to the entire pcsses- Old Seminary Gat' anJ Clock, Place d'Armci Square. when lied to ^: ■ V -intai,, (Look ■,^^fr^-^M H ^ '^^*itSS^isat:saifr\. >v^^* "'if'i*^' S^&l^ j^ ,;. jntai.i (LvoK-out IV'inU. 4 11 A tnr nearly tli«e centuries. , 1,1 hive remained nmittered for nea y . , „,„„,. rnle «.,.av .... .i..s ^"^^(^^tT:^ of t„c ,-;«'--:' ^.^^s -einK .-^^ >'- '--r ^^■"r;;;:":;:. .1.^ ---- .-.ais '-t,, «;r , : a.e ..an. *!-.,-- '•» -^;; „.„,; »•"' "■^- '*" . .1 ; faa;,ry l'»- '--%«""",„„ ;.ne..ts of potterv, tl.e re.niunt. •uul ceremonies -t 11^ ,,„,.v m»T.,«v. ,,„„„,,„„.,,,«.-.." ,Uc French cuuUl see the ;itunes. -\ upon ing the )inh of he fields lere the nieniory ^e feasts in search The story V Worhh" ;ih, fifty law forests bhick-bird. neiired the ,u\ Indians \veriu>; i»to ,r and near, Posl-office. Part of Montreal, from Towers of Notie Dame. Bank of Montreal. Iinp;!riai Buil.iine. i 111 ,,nh for VI<,cbela.a An ^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ p, eccdnj. f,,,st Nvhich covered the . te ^^^^.^^^^ ^,^^^^,^ ,,uh \heir way, they ^vere UK ^ ^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ Uis retinue, who welconK-d t cm ^ ^,^.^^^,.,^^ i,, p .sents ..f two hatchets ^^ ^^ ^^,.,, r..sently they Lucr of which he was ^^'J^^^^, ,,, ,nd near w. h issncd forth npon opcu t cR ^^^^^^^^ ^^^.,,, ,.,,,,, ,-ipenednuu.e its leaves un^- ^^^^^^^ ^,^,,, ,,,appc i, , l^tweet. the parted ^ -^^ ,.,,, ,Ue rid.y l-ck ,;f,,,sts painted 1.^ tin. -^^ J^ ^^^^ .ncnpasse.l wjth ,f the mountain ot ^ '^^ ^ :,; \,,,,, It was surrounded Us corn acids, lay the in u ^^^ ^^^^^^^ 1,, with a triple row ol pal sades ^^^ ^^^. ^^^,,,.^. ,„ ::;iin.s within th.scnaosuc^^^^^ K.n.th and fro,n ^--'^-\;'; ,\,..,,V.d with bark, each ,uuaed of saphn^ poles - ,, ,,, ,.,,,, .as a contained nuun ^--^^^^-'^\,^ .-us inunediately su,- s,uare, where Cart,er ^ ^; ,a women, old and youn., ,,;,„aedbyswarmsotchl Icna, _^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ,, ,vith infants in ^^^^■'/'.'^Vr'touchino their beards, teehn;A :isitors, cryin. -itlMleU.b • UukI m ^^^^^.^^^ .^^,^,, ,, U.ir faces, and ^-^^^>^^. ;^; ,,e, stran.e in att.e, be.' touched m mni. 12 ^ Jacques Cailier Square (Market Day Sceiiel Nelson's Monument in the distance. K i^ii ;,. Stan-liu, on the sunu.u '- ^^ Hochel.^a. "^'^^^j;;;, u.. UveU>n :v-",.-' * -ssrs--^:;:;;;— ^^^^ - •'■- .n,. late II"". TUonKts n.u.. ,,Kt.UU. _,„,„,. -.--:- V,;,, ,.■=., „,:,-...!». -■'■":".l...... i of shiiiiiiS t^' ,M -. S";;;:"Si:.>i^i^^^^^^^^^^^ ^;;W-ur:i..>y Ue.vt^ wUU > -n ^^^^ _^^^__^^^ '''^^W .-'-' --> ^ ■Ml lo m-.oM Low soon .recast ii-;'\l^.^n:;? ''.^h,;-:^^;; ;;;.-- 'a,,,! U>.- rills ^|"'V , a of Summ-V''^'" htv v Wc i" ' ■"^">*^''- •lien iii'-j ■■ ... i..>-v.s^f..eWers,;nUew„a, i;';;-,„oU,er,..lUef<.v.slnKUslu H.->.>i'i'>!-:;, ",;^Uier!.. Ol how Uif Usli He I' ,Ui lliein o { llu- Klorioii \Vli:it Uioe l,e ve:nc All 1 cfUif follies- ;1 tlii'Y weU-oim- 1 Uie .■li 1,1 01 own oil ri,;u-k J;u-(HifS s ( if Canal \a llie key. CavUer fioni his \ieii Is n'cv the sc: View on Sherbrooke Street, looking West, the Fittii Avenue of City. „v« »11. ;"">;•?;■ '"ts retched a Wafy desert, and "=;^, „.,„,,„ „,,„ds." ^^^. ,,,„„ ,„e ° The »m,e sive,, hv ]-:'l"'='-,^''';''\„.eUer or tourist ever "-=S'^*^ , ' , ,„„„„e,- time, isincomparal U of the oUUubular Vic-lona Bnd.c at - ^^ ^ ■ vast t was ul, to round )in the le first )arab\y he vast Is. At ires, its ts busy by the s of the ,ere(l in . strange giiifioent argosies (jr sees to ng in the ic silvery 2 removal wonder — Grand Trunk Railway Victoria Hridge (old), 1659. n Grand Trunk Railway Victoria Jubilee Bridge (new), 1899. . ti,e noble St. Lawrence, ,.,- r'-r:,:==;:"-:SFS-:.rr:s= "a which was plaoc-cl n. V^>^^ ^^,. ,,,,,,,. bnsn^ess o th. -a ^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^ ^"^^Let of the .« 1" time ami now t-Uiei eiiH „:,rontic undertaking. '^^ „<^rk presented to ui<^ . Tunnel tame, crowned this s^K^^""^ „^^ _n the builders won- pi largeness the grand \Ktoria j _ _ T of the prospect ana % s ^^^^.^^^^,^ '-""""' ^ train emerging from the mdg ^^^^^^^^^ end, speeding US wa,P^J^^.^^i„ .verthesmilmgcab-^^^^^^^^^^ ,,fChainbly, toward the lims ^^ viUe.l^el.eil, t^<'"'--"^""' '^ ,:;tUer The vealedinthebrightsumme^--^-^^^^,^,. verv names belonging to lie spu^^^ Wts, and misty di^ances^^^^ ^^^^ have their charm or o-^-^ j^^,, c fill. hiu''e coiui'"-'"- "U)notony of the ^^"7 ^^_ p,,,,,,,,, ^ueu il, Ste. Julie Iberville, -,^0^: Lacadie, somption ears, it is Varennes, Repentign , XI-:. I, tlu'se somu With these i; As- h in perhaps, o ,ften surprising IS for the Vnited States tourist to learn that he Bonaventure Depot- -Grand Trunk Railway. 18 m vrencf, A-ithout .-ontraol >t. Clair of the AC view the eye, ar^eness erceive a ■ s farther Lambert, vide plain Boucher- clearly re- ather. The pircs, ham- he asks of, i-y with the .ent. 1'"':'•■;. ^,|;.„ „„ the '^>''"'" ,"'^ „ ,„i.t IK- lias T„i. .K...K. vi-v l>a. ot 1. c _^^^ ^^_^_^^^^,_ ■'--"■,,, ir^piro an.l .lo.uc carriaBc ilr.ve, .«« ^.'^'';\„,, ,„„,, ,,,„!„ luu-e^l^;; _ ^_^ 1^^^^^ ^,^^ „„„„ carriage .Inve, .«« -- ,„„,, ,,,„!„ luux- «- '_,,, ^,„ ,„„„„ tains vvc-sten. '•";'";,, M.,..Wa,uls an.l ,^ ' '' '\' .„.MontaK.K.s. Lv the sccon.l m..»"ta ... »" ' , ,„. ,l,e l,e.s!lit> "f '"• ^,^„,|^ ^,,,1 by „ icsth of flat P'»"' ; J, , slihtcs th. sveat ^"■-^^'J',,:,,, „,„l tl.ere ,„, Sim ...ore ;"f »"' ' , .'es, w..«se t-' -^i*"^^ »-' ^ ,t „ ,„ be mo.,as.e- U.c fi..e blue "t "«■■ '■" , ' i„,nBi..atio.. h.^'ist- "",''" RK.iL.re-.les-l'r»"-ies bv uWte patches that the .- ^K _ _, ,j,^ „es , R. -J .„^,„. ,ies of ...ar'..e. He .a. - - .^ „, has ...arU-d t he o .g ^,,^ .vhite patches that tue • . ^^, ^„^, „es o. - ;„^,,. ,.,sof ...arble. "<= '»",^;^'^ ,t.'..)-. behas...«tolthelo g ^^^^^^^^ ^,,^ (caUed Hack R'-' 'j J '^1 ..d <•' Mo"t-»>; """ ; .^ ^ ^^ the r,.,a. s.,...- ,,„e „f the E»">'--'-' >;,;',„ „f ,,op..lo..s par.shcs^ f " " 'hiie sto..es ot the ehttrches, cabh.s a,. ej o 1^^^^^__ ^ .___^ ^„^. n.,ch " „„„ ■gigS^^^ ,„e „( the g»""--- >'^,;;, ■; „„,„.lo.,s parishes^ . .>- - ,^., „f the ■■T!^- churches, C;.'.";-- , ^ ^^ ,L„l,,th hi,... ^^^ ^^, ,...,„.,tai., a,.d ...it,hehassee,..g.a„c.ga^.^--wp..;-^^^^^^ of the dead, ""e ^ ' . .... t„.o ceureteries gtianieo ... - ,, the MO,...-. ;,,^„ „, the g.u. ... . r;he s„,,th hy ^'<»";'t,t ca., hardly give the ;™ * ,;, ^.....agh.ed '-"<- ^ ' / , l;.„ies of ■•'*-'T=' ,...;rti e he :.sce..cls the l--;', .r^^. ■ ..g s hrst tre.t.ulot.s grec Montreal. 1.-^^' \ through storm and slunc, i '™- *""■;; r. :: and r::?et, crhns.,n, hrow.. and g..hl. autnnin ui scanei ^^ i\fincs ork." le bus of the dome, i;r;\iul inoun- rcs and y miles rues, I'V and by nd there inonaste- ^- Prairies o\v inclo- jheld tlie final snm- iK'S of t\ie intain and I Montreal :ws around cvv change ■:i. raveries of Xo settlement was attempted !)>■ Jaaines Cartitr at Montreal, nor did an\- Ivuropean visit the i>lace till seventy years afterwards, when Cliamplain heJ,^an his explorations. The Indian town of lloelielajja, \vitii its triple i.alisades and fields of j^oklen mai/.e, had disappeared. A war had broken out after Cartier's visit, dnriii,t> whieli the town was Imrned, its inh;d)itants massacred or carried into captivity, (iiiided l)y two ajjed Indians, Cliamplain a.scended Monnt Ro\al and learned from them the sorrowful stor\- of the destruction (tf their nation. This tragic histor\-, as related to Cliamplain by his ,uuide, and preserved as a tradition anions^ the remnant of the Hnrons who escaped the catastrophe of tlie war of extermination wajijed against them l)y the Ircxpiois, has been preserved by IVter Dooxeiitate Clarke, the historian of llie Iluroiis, and himself a descendant of tlie tribe. Tliis author tells how llurons and Seiiecas li\ed in peace and friendshi]) together at Ibjchelaga for many ^generations. They inter- married and liad no cau.se for (piarrel, till, for .some reason, a Seneca chief refused his son ])ermission to wed a maiden of the other tribe. luiraged at tlie acliou of the stern parent, the lady refused all oilers of iiiarria<;c, and declared she would only wed the warrior who should slay the chief ^''" 'h' Mountain Pnrk. who had interfered with lier hapiiiness. A nouii.^- Wyandotc, smitten 1)\ her charms, attacked the old chief and received the coveted rewar^- ,;;;*■;;■ ^i;:,;!;:; c...>n^- caiwe. !'■>-• «"" "'" ' ,,,-„wu«l in U"; l'«''""" " m .ireal I" ""■' '"■' ,„„ ,„„, „m ins ••• ;:■' ™ ,, ^,„, „„,„ UK-r. started "»j^ ;»';„„,„,i,„ ,Ws ,„„,,„rea »\^' "f ;:, , Ottawa river t„ I"" .«-■»'';"_'■ „ s,„,,h American li,M of esploralion tt. I"- ^ ..,,( ,1,^ ,„o„eeis "' «"\ ; ,,^ ,,,.epest „„^ : estraorainary .nan, ^f^^^„ ,, list. U -as he ".'» "'"^^^ .ni"'. »' ^gS!?ti::::=^-J ,,,„hIs, l.is na,ne stands fo «, o. ^^_^._ . l.arl.ar.s n. A J^ ^^^_.^.^,^ -- „ - ,;t'::;:n::t^:r".;^^'-r's:::co:;^--^ ,^cenencic-s and i^euius Uc bears . . hi. 11 iisoiiry, on 111"-' )nler l«> unpUii"' 1 11 bark e of liis plain (Utl 1 i()i3 1k' 1 cxpL'ili- ■ninR tlii^ AniL-rican ic dce\)L'St lantilly, at ^(\ vanili*-^!^ their toils, were the vith whose 1 tleforniily New Y'lrk Lit'; Building. Quebec Bank Place d'Armes Square. Jacques C.irlier Bank. De Maisonneuvj MoruiiTieiil. Notrc-Dainc Chuivli. , . . , ,,nre.entaUons found favor, Hvauce would have ^-" ^^^.^ ,,,, been placed m the a^ ^,^, ,,,,,ed he - Muisonneuve '^/l*^^^' romance, and hl^ explou story of his life read. Uke ^^ I (SX^BBiBHaihaiiiiaBW Hid favor, that NfW foinulins ;. To his -h Canada, Champlain by tliL^ late which was ,ts, entirely I, says Dr. ^, nor lessen istory honor ; It IS the of October, the site, and As early as fvitnre. 'I'^e , Jean-Jaoiues of Montreal, anionic. The lins record ot heroism. On the 17th of May, 1642, the new- city was .solemnly con- secrated under the name of \'ille-Marie. The .spot cho.seu for tlie ceremony was near the foot of tlie moun- tain. Tliere were at til at time sea reel }■ more than three hun- dred ImvucIi people in the whole ot Canada. Tiuni<.^h the foun- dations of the future imjierial city of the North were thus laid witli pious ceremonies ])y a few hardy pio- neers, deep in the heart of the prime- \-al forest, it did not lack assist.'! nee. M"'' Jeanne Mance, whose Victoria Square. 25 i 1 1 enclosure was tlit-U eu ,,,^,,,,,i,4ed. vSubse- ,„„„t,v, ^f-";„^'J^^;'ou.si,letl,e picl^ets. which, AS tne x thirty years. i '"^ identity to withn. the ^^^^\^ eonimercial ,„,p,tal ^- ^-'^ ; ^.,,, ,,d has been trans- recinirenients ot t le Montreal, where _^ ferred to the northern patt o M . .■■■■II I .--2i:.3B,.--=— UnUdin^'-s occup> an 1 ^B^Sr3=— -^-^ i^^ extensive 1'"^^^ "- \^^^ foot of the Hoiei-D.eu ,, : ^yas established at uie ,,,•,,,,,. site, l^n cnrreii spans a c luarte t, and there was a the St. Lawrence. l)e Maisonnen fortified outpost at Point ve was lit ,t disturbed at first lU had completed his stockades a ses nd built his hou lunds. The enmity b^^fore the Iroquois had Viecome aware o ,f this new encro: ;,e,„„e„t..„t>.irhu,.i...«---„^,„,,„„,„,„a implacable, ow ,f the Iroquois to the French, eve n at liis success( n-s having su Aed with the Huron irons HI the gicai n the grc 26 for the ^250,000 { finance pitched, ■niporised mt. The in a few t. Subse- ment took le pickets, etained its :ars. 'H"^ commercial leen trans- real where i imposins toot of the l,ilee lirid^e L his houses The enmity unpiain and the Iroqvtois -'■*-VTT!;'WWr f r < i>. liarrassed the little garrison in the wilderness has ])een often related and forms one of the most stirrins;' cliapters in Canadian history-. The Iroquois did not discover the settlement of Ville-Marie till 1643, when an Alj;()n(inin, pursncd by them, took refuge within its walls. Shortly afterwards, a party of six unarmed men sawing wood were attacked. Three were killed and three carried into captivity. From that forth for fifty years the infant city had to fight for its existence. On one occasion, in 1552, a small l)an- of two hundred InKjUois in the neigh- borhood of the city. Tradition marks the Place d'Armes as the spot where Maisoinieuve himself liad a terrible hand-to-hand encounter with the Iroquois, from which he came out victorious. The Champ-de- Mars is still used as a military parade ground. The .soldiers of France, the Continentals of the revolted colonies and British troops have trod this historic ground. The savage Irotjuois have held their war dances on it. Now the Court Mou.se, in which the law is administered to hVench and Fnglish alike, over- looks the place, and, near by, the City Mall rears its dome. Throughout this terrible period, the garri.son of Ville-Marie was never .stronger than fifty men, who held their post with unparalleled gallantry against tremendous odds. The Indian allies of the French, the Hurons, were pracflically annihilated, and no aid came to the devoted garrison from France. I ■neral Hospital. 27 m \: of <-\e Maisonneuve, ;«. '.:xf^-^'s^'^'BBS^'^-- death, took pUico. ""-;"- t. a..>l surpnsmK "'"""'; ^ ,„,(„! ,„,„islv "" «'-" "'\?:o:^n:;: .^"-;i.-at. ..en, ->;,;,;-;»";:, ,s:i i ru- Huron to Montreal, who deLiarc i.^ed to ascend oxli uie i„ ,„, ..Ce.uury Masa™>.- . \!,„„„a has been the .larmR luM* P ;,e,-ehar,,,.ng..arrative vvnte.^-- ^^o^,^^ „„ ,,,,, -..,,, me a^^^ ^^_^^^ ,„ ..-"'-■->;,:;:„,. ,s Ue„t with pasean . n « k.^^^^^ ^^^ „,„^. the festival of bt. jca ^,;,,,,n,ha\ arch after aiUi „uiUitude, p„,ee.,.,„. .he,. thot,.a„c.s .-ohe^the^street. ^^^ ^J,,^ „..,,_p^.s ^f :;.:;: chH^teh ot ■■ xi-.. Obe.isk." CusV'm-Hcuse Square. „?S't,». the f«"-' '•' ,7;. ■ ,a tru,mpl.al aveh a.ter a-. -^^^^ ^^,^_, .^„,,, 20 /? "% 3n iineiive, hospital ^ Ward, iiul his 1 certain sceuding lohawks, il punish - it. The lit, others •e. None rougbt by )Ut caused the bodies ing. atherwood, uchisiou ol s people for day. wln-Mi :inners, and s of flowers 2 multitude, children or m Royal Victoria Hospital, Pine Avenue. ^The joint Queen's Jubilee gift of Lord Strathcona and Mount Rcyal. and of Lord Mount Stephen.^ wi Habi strangers ask who was Dollard, any Frenchman is ready to answer : ' He was a man of courageous heart ; he saved Canada from the Iroquois.' The didlest soul is stir- red to i)assionate acclamation as the chevalier and his sixteen men go by." In 1663 the Company of Mont- real sold their rights to the Sem- inary of vSt. SuljMce, which has been associated with every incident in the history of the city, and which still retains modified seigno- rial rights over the island. In 1672 the population had in- creased to 1,520, and in the follow- ing years the city was regularly laid out in streets, while suburbs l)egan to spring up outside the walls. Al)out the same time the vil- lage of Laprairie, on the south shore, opposite, was founded by a number of Christian Irocjuois. Sub.sequently they removed to Caughnawaga, a little further up the river vSt. Lawrence, where their 30 Court House. I, any swer : Li^eous m the is stir- ion as ;n men ; Moiit- le Sem- icli Iras incident ty, and t seigno- had in- e foUow- regnbrly snbutbs tside the . the vil- Irocinois. Uere their descendants remain to tlie present time, livin.^ according to tlieir ancient customs and ]irotected by treaty riglits. The terrible Indian war was not checked till tlie Marquis de Tracy arrived from tlie West Indies with a portion of the Carignan regiment, in 1665- He also brouglit one hundred and twelve innnigrants, with horses, sheep, and a large supply of agricultural implements, h'orts were erected at vSorel, Chambly and vSte. Tlierese. De Tracy followed up those o])erations l)y invading the Mohawk country in force and inflicted such severe punishment on that haughty tribe, that famine and smallpox spread among them and l)roke their power completely. War. however, continued to l)e waged between the l'"rench and luiglish colonists and tlieir allies. In i(n)o, an expedition consisting of two luuidred I''rench and Indians, .set out from Montreal on snowshoes and fell upon a Dutch settlement at vScheneclady, putting all therein to fire and sword. In retaliation, a force of thirteen hun- dred men, under (icneral W'inthrop and Major Schuyler, was ecjuipped for a movement on Montreal, by way of Lake Champlain, while a fleet was despatched Dominion Square, from Tower Canadian Pacific Raiiway.Station. M' „,nlished nothing, owing to <„e o N. _,.„,, between ''= >1^.^ ^,,, _„^„„ Mc ami tbe H»rons 0« v> ^^.^_,^ ^^,^,.^., , ever ""'"^ "■ ;'" 'fr,v .' t city ^vas s„rro,„u,ec, i^ • continued, and, b> i,- • regular works, lit. tone wall, with j'^^^-^^^^ion Lane, nuuhs the narrow street, called oU i ^.^^^^ ^^^,^^^^^^.^^^^,, H„e of the old detence on the .^. ^^^,,,,e. 1 ^,,S. -The citadel sto..mj;' ^^^^,^ ^^^^ ^^,, of Dalhousie granted the m ,vas leveled, as at present. yontrealbeeanie M^erthefallofQueb^; /^^^^ ,,, U.st stronghold c. - ^ ^J^.^^^^^ ^,, ,, des^ and was soon nu'ested 1 ^ ^^^^^^^^^_ ^^.^^.^^^ ^.,,„,el General Mnrray ^^ \^^ 7,,^ Crown Point, cm ^Mavdand alat»'". ^^'' ^^'j ^yolk's vidory '^ „i„j.,y "'f'"' J^^, ,^,„ „ns imF^*';-' r «--'■'. '':^- «rr G^nUc .ace, ... ■"->.."-' ^ ^^ -' ^'-;;;:tsj:;^a„s .oca. it . U-e ^„„, ,„e insutut.ons of 1 ev.ut took 1^«; .^l'",,,, ^„ire.I)a,„e strcct.coru^ „ «ao\ly «■""•- „j u,. Chateau de Ra.--^ ; ' ,„, official resKe.Ke of ] „e.,..es-CaVt.er ^ «^ Soven.or-Reneua tL eb t"o,,s. »""" " '\;;„ their several l»st- , ,„it.ed to ...arch » >' "\,„, ,,, „e aftcrwa.. , !:,0. all the l.o..ors ». ;'_;.„, ,„ ,u,...l.ern.g o „mvcyea .« 1' '»"•-" ^.,i ^lUnvcd to rclur., "...- ,i^teeu tho..sa..d. ^^c.c i„„al>.ta..ts the ^" ';'!,; the -United States ^^ ^'^ ^^ Ktheu All^^^- «\ ^^^^^ General *-' ^^•^'"; ' ,^,^ ,vith thirty 'approach, clreNV togetue • ^^ men ()f,[tliu TwLMily-iiiiilli Rf^iiiicnt, ptcpnttd for (IcfL-iU'c. AllLii, however, instead of proceediiij; at oiiee to Montreal, took possession of some liotises in tlie neij^lihor- liood, wliere he was snrronnded next day, and compelled to surrender, after a loss of five killed and ten wounded. Allen and his men were sent prisoners to luiirhuid, where they were confined in Tendennis Castle. Durinjj^ the last days of Oe'tolier, Montgomery apjieared before Montreal, which, l)ein<; short of ])rovisions and annnnnilion, was compelled to capitulate. The uari'i^*"* was allowed to march out with the honors of war, and Montreal was taken jiosses- siou of in the name of tiie Continental Conj^^ress. The city was occupied during the winter by the I'nited States troops, and Heiijamin lMankIin,with a brother of Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, visited the city to induce the Cana- dians to join in the rebellion. They failed in their jiurpo-se, however, prin- cipally owint;- to the firm stand taken by the Catholic cler<;y aj^ainst them. They si^iialized their stay by esta- blishin.i; a newspaper, which is still noinishin,!i; — the Montreal "Ca/ette." The I'nited vStates was not allowed to retain its advantaj^e, for, in the spring 1777. tliey evacuated the city and retired from Canada, Mont>;()iuery liaving been killed in his futile attack on Quel)ec. tlli.in A.\cn Monumeni Burliiifrton. Vt. Art Association BuilJitiB, Phillips Square. 35 ^ Tr::::^:-j;::rf\^B^B^^^S^-^' on lUe oUit-M, NN.' 1 .n,es are conncAcd wah Anu,n, those -^^^^ "«""^ ^J^ i, ,,,„.> arouna than Sieur de a ^f-^^^^,, ,,„,,. and the fivcat to China lay by the btl^^.^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ lakes, and when he uc ^^^^^_ ^^^^^^^^.^.^^ ,,, — .- inrifmMiMT-- ^---^ '"'\ '' l d ndoned that pl.cc, how- ^=^::: ^?S'SEb.:~s- SH";.; l.isxvandenuK^m tie ^^^^^^ nuirdeved by aiscovered the ^^r'"'^^^, QnU of Mexico, to where it en,pt>e. nUo t-- % 1 Lacliiiic was Ihv starting point on tliis eventful ji)Uriiu\- into tlu- uiikiiDWii wilderness. I,a Salle's whole ])art.\' eonsisted ot" lwei;ty-fonr men witli seven canoes. These were the first pioneers of tiie ,i;reat West. Of La .Salle, I'arknian write- lie.sft l)v a throng of enemies, he stands, like the Kin.n "f Israel, head and shoulders over them all. He was a tower of adamant, a,u;ain.st wlio.se imprejrnal)le front liardship and dan<;er, the rage of man, and the eleiiu iits, the sonlhern sun, the northern blast, fatigue, fam disease, disappointment, and deferred ho])e and )tied tl leir (lUU'ers iii vaui. Tiiat very pnae wnie •10- laniis like, declared itself most sternlv in the thickest jiress of foes, has in it something to ciialknge admira- tion. Never under the impeiietra!)le mail of paladin or crusader heat a heart of more intrei)id mettle than witliin tile stoic ]),iiiopIy tiiat armed the breast of I, a .Salle. To estimate aright the niar\-els of his patient fortitude, one must follow on his track through the vast scenes of his inlerminal)le journe\ings, those thousands of wear\' miles of forest, marsh and ri\-er, wiiere, again and again, in the bitterness of baflled striving, the untiring i)ilgrim pushed onward towards the goal he was never to attaui. Am erica owes hun an enduring Bonsecour.? Cliurch. Grey instruolms that their .,,, ..this mascnUnen.uve, she sees the p^one. X^^;.ar.:v to he^ nchest henta.e. >niV MASSACRIC OF LACHlNlv. , , , T. Salle nine miles above The viUase t\.unded by U ^^ ^.^^.^, i,^„Klred Montreal, 1^- "^^--^-^.^^"l^'ale inhabitants and vcars aKO, the I-'l-^ "'^^ Three causes n.ay be devoted their hon.es to ^^ ^^^^^^^^ pi,,t, in the year said to have led np to ^^^ ^^^^ ^.,,,,,Ue. aceordin^ to ,,S7, the French ..w^>-.M^^j^^^,^^,^^^^^^^ i„strnctions rece>yed .^""^ ^^^^^^ i,,auced to eon.e to ,,,,,,,votMroc,uo>sch,et^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^.„^ ,, to Calaracini. as U to a -^^^;:;,^ ,, the kins' s .alleys, Vrance, where they were V^ -J^]^ ^^^.^,, ^mstise- ,Ue convicts. The -^^^^^^^^\,,, Senecas. who were the nmst nnmerons, it -^o i ^^^ ^^^^. ^^^.^cas. The sei/.nre of then" duels, and the ^^^^^^^ ^^^^, Ledtheferocitvof..eohe,^ -^^^^ ,,tiaed places anc. '---^^ ^f ^, :^^,„. i„ the meantime, -■^^^^■^^ - lien, and were wUh d>fl-;f > . ' ; j>„^i,„a and Vrance -■" ,vord was setit ont from the km.- o . ^^^ ^^,^, w.n.vC.P..oo....-e ^ ^ ^^,,^ ,„,,,, .^s against each othe, , their colonial -overno,. to absiai Indian allies did the same. 38 /? < e pioneer \es above humlveil tants and es may be 1 the year :cor(lins to e, seized a [o come to liem off to g's galleys, ;re cbaslise- s, who were ive Nations, ihe Seneeas, attacked the ig the Uiche- le meantin\e, 1 and I'rance i also to see "^mj t^^eCIAtLY eiCiHAVtC FOR "1LLU8THATE0 MONTHEAU Thu Grounds. Sacred Heart Convent — Saull-au-Recollei (Back River, near Montreal). The Chapel. Road 'o Convent. Avenue in Garden. Study Hall II Road '0 Convent. The Convent. The Pupils' Promenade. Accordingly the English ;;overiior advised the Irotiuois chiefs to make peace with the Freiicli on tlie tollowing terms: Compensation to the vSenecas, tlie restoration of the Iroquois wlio had heeii carried off to iM'ance, as well as other captives, the demolition of Forts Niaj^ara and Fronteiiac. De Denonville met the Iro(|Uois deputies at Three Rivers, and agreed to their terms in reference to prisoners and forts ; but the other ])oints were not settled, and the Inxjuois returned for further instructions from their own people. On their way they were met hy a certain renowned Huron chief, named Kondiaronk (Le Rat), who, with his followers, suddenly fell upon them — killin<; and woundinj; several !)efore he would listen to their protestations that the>- were a peace party on their way home. Pretendinj; to be much surprised at this, he a.ssured them that he was acl.in>;- under orders received from the .governor himself. The Irocpiois acled just as " Le Rat" had anticipated ; they were completely deceived, and returned home i)urnin,sj with reven<;e for the suppo.sed wronjj^ done to them. The efforts of " I,e Rat," to prevent the Irocpiois anil l''rench from cominj; to terms, were but too successful, and a terrible acl of revenj;e and slanjrhter was resolved upon, which culminated in the massacre of I.achine. Months pas.sed away in doubt and uncertainty, and with the i4tli (if Jidy, 1689, came the news that the mother countries were now at war with each other, in con,se([uenee of James II. takin,i; refuse at vSt. Germain, and the colonial governors were relea.sed from their former orders. As a storm gives warning of its approach, so did the fury, which was about to burst upon the unfortunate colonists, 40 St. Patrick's Church, on till.' I off It) xra ami Rivers, but the further let by a t), who, oumlinn L-y WL-rc prised at hej^iu to show itself by certain movements amon.^; the Iroquois tribes. Pere de Lamberville and I,e Mnyne (le I,on,u;ueuil were sent to quiet, if possible, the hostile feelin.u^ of the vSenecas ; but they failed to prochice any efTecl upon the chiefs. Quietly, but surely, the Iroipiois went on with the preparations for their bloody work. Tlie 4th of Au^u.st, 16S9, dawned clear and l)eautiful, as only a Canadian summer day can. A cloudless sky looked down upon the happy homes of the peaceful little village, nestling below the woods and fringing the l)aiiks of the l)road vSt. Lawrence. Tlij clicerful cl.itter of the s.tf>o/s of the housewife as she moved to and fro on her errands, tiie joyous .shouts of the children as they mingled at play, anil the distant nuninur (if men's voices as thej' worked in the tklds, were the only sounds that broke upon the .stillness of that (piiet scene. No thought of cruel, treacherous foe, lurking on the other side of the river, with hand grasping tomaliawk and poisoned arrow, caiHu to disturb the minds of the people. Night, with its creeping shadows, came on ; (la I k ingrv cloiuls swen t tl le sKv tl le WUK moaned drearily through the trees, the waves ro.se and fell with a sullen sound on llie sliore. Darker grew tlie night, fiercer ard wilder liowled tl'e wind around that doomed village. .\nd then, amiilst a ■itonii of rain an;i liail, numerous canoes Interior uf Nctre-Dame Church. 4> V •glided forth from tlicir liidins;- place and shot across tlie water. No sooner had they touched tlie hind than ont leaped hundreds of sava.i^e warriors, who, with stealthy sle]), .grouped themselves around each home. ^^^^^^^^^ Xo cry from sentinel arose to wa''n tho.se doomed ones ' VE^HHIB V t)f the awfid fate which was al)out to overtake them. Wf^ffr*^^ \ If some nervous .slueper did awake and listen for a mo- ment with that nameless dread of .some im|)en(liniL; cala- mity. " it was hut the noi.se of the storm," he said and .sleepily laid down again — to wake to what? To the yell of the Indian war-whoop, to the glare of the buniin;.; houses and the .shrieks of men and women as they were hurled into the llames, or fell beneath the tomahawk. The cruelties connuitled on that awful night were indes- cril)al)le. Never l)efore or since has so terrible a tragedv occurred in Canada. The few who escaped were cul down as they lied on their wa\- to Montreal. The ruin and havoc exteniled for miles. Not a home was left stand- ing. Ivveii to the gates of Montreal, all were burned. Wni'S I'OK SI'TTIJCK.S. In the early settlement of the country frecpient AGlill^p.^eot theCityfr miivMuntain. shipments of wouieu Were seut out to providc wives for the settlers. The girls were selected in I'Vance by nuns who accompanied them to (Juel)ec and Montreal. liaron La Hontan gives an amusing account of these consignments, ,s(jut out in i()S4 to be married to the men of the Carignan regiment which had l)een disl)anded in the colony. "After the reduclion of tlie.se 42 Our Monuments. J.icqu?s C-irtier. MacJonald. de Maisonneuvc. Chenicr. Ouoen Victoria. Nelson. ■i troops," he writes, "many vessels loaded with girls were sent out under the direction of some old l)eguines, who divided them into three clas.ses. Thes. damsels were, so to speak, piled up, the one on the other, in three different chambers, ■",' ■ <■ tue husbands chose their wives, in the same maimer J. '•'e butcher goes to choose his sheej) in the middle • ,t .'ock. There was material to content the fantas- tical ill the diversity of girls in those three seraglios - f^r there were to be seen there tall and short, fair an*' ' row 1 .'t and lean, in short every one found a shoe to lit hi;-. :cM At . the end of fifteen days not one remained. 1 have been told that the fattest were the soonest carried ofT, because it was imagined that, being less active, they would have more trouble to leave their housekeeping, and would better resist the great cold of the winter ; but many people who went on this prin- ciple were taken in by it "Those who desired to marry addressed themselves to the directresses, to whom they were i)ound to declare their property and facilities l)efore choosing from these three classes her whom tliey found to their taste. The marriage was concluded on tlie spot by the aid of the prit'st and the notary, and the next day the Governor caused to be distril)Uted to the married -a bull, a cow, a hog, a sow, a cock, a hen, two barrels of salt meat, eleven crowns and certain acres." 44 B.ink of Montreal, St. Jairits Streot. i Till- OLD FRIvNXII Rft(UMI<. In his " Pioneers of I'rance in the New World," iMancis Parkinan mournfully reviews in the follow- ing strain the \'anislie(l glories of old France in her former vast dominions in America : "The I'rench dominion is a memory of the past ; and when we invoke its departed shades, they rise upon us from their jj^raves in stransi;e romantic t^uise. Again their ghostly camp-fires seem to burn, and a fitful li.ght is cast around on lord and vassal and l)lack-rol)ed priest, mingled with wild forms of savage warriors, knit in close fellowship on the same errand. A boundless vision grows upon us ; an mitamed continent ; vast wastes of forest verdure ; mountains silent in primeval sleep ; river, lake and glimmering pool ; wilderness oceans mingling with the sky. .Such was the domain which h'rance conquered for civilization. Plumed helmets gleamed in the shade of its forests; ])riestly vestments in its dens and fastnesses of ancient barbarism. Men steeped in anti(|Ue learn- ing, pale with the close breath of the cloister, here spent the noon and eveiung of their lives, ruled ili! I Custom-House, PUce Royale, sava.ne liordcs with mild, jiatcrtial sway, and stood serene before the direst sliapes of deatli. Men of conrtly nurture, heirs to the polish of a far-reachinjj^ ancestry, here, with their dauntless hardihood, put to shame the I)oldest sons of toil." PLACES OI' IXTI-RMST. There are many places in Montreal, not mentioned in the fore^oini^ P^ges, well worthy a visit. Place d' Amies, the orijajinal "Clod's Acre," where the first pioneers were buried, afterwards l)ecame the great .square of the walled city, and is now a hand.some r a i 1 e d e n - closure with trees and a statue of de Maisonncnve. I-'acinof it on the .south is the church of Xotre-Dame. This is one of the larji;est edifices of the kind on the continent, tlie largest bein^ the cathedral of Mexico. It is two hundred and fifty- five feet long, and (jne hundred and thirty-five broad. Tilts cliurch cost one million dollars. The j;round floor is covered with jiews, capable of seatintj ten OU St. Gabriel Church. Mount Roy.ll Park Drive. Ihousuiul persons ; the .galleries will hold about three thousand more. To see this ehurch as is the case at the rclc-Dicii or Corpus Christi, at Christmas Midnij^ht Mass, or any other \ lioliday, is a most imposing sight, and one that can never l)e t\)r<;otten by the spectator. The great organ in this church is admitted to be, not only the largest, but also the finest instrument in America. JSeveral years were needed to build and complete it. All who are so fortunate as to hear its magnificent strains cannot but feel an apprecia- tion worthy its workmanship and jierfection. It is said to have cost fifty thou.sand dollars. In the rear of the grand altar is the new chapel of the Sacred Heart, uneejualled on tiiis continent for wood carving and paintings, and erected at a cost of about three hundred thousand dollars. The two tower of \otre-I)ame are each two hundred and twenty feet liiyh, and its great bell weighs twenty-nine thou.sand four luimired pounds. In the northea.st tower are a chime of hells, while the northwest one contains the giant bell, wiiich is named Gtos Bourdon, from its deep bass tone. The tower is always open to the public on the payment of a small fee, and from its summit a most magnificent view is obtained. In the far distance, the blue hills of Vermont lower up ; a magnificent plain .stretches miles and miles on either hand, covered with cultivated farms ; the splendid river St. Lawrence, two miles wide, int( cro.ssed by the new Victoria Jubilee Bridge, and .stretching away, like a silver thread, in the far-off crowded, )articnlar M:Is3ns Bank, Si. James Street. ■rvenmg, distance. -W 47 ■if* l\ li If Interior of a few Roman Catholic Cliurches. Chap-' of the Grey Nunnery. Notre-Dame de Bonsecours. Chapel of the Sacred Heart. Notre-Dame Church. The Co™. Notre-Dame de Lourdes. Some of Montreal's Leading Churches. Si. Ccurtrc'i; Church .Chiircli of England. Chrisl Church Calh.'dral ^Church of England). Crescent Street Church St. Jami;; Church i rvlctliodisti. (Presbylerian). Erskinc Church 'PreGbytorianL ■B Laval University, St. Denis Street. Next to Xotrc name Church is the vSeminary of ."^t. StilpicL', l)iiilt, o\X'i" two limi(h-c(l years ai^o, in the Roiiiaiiesciue ,st>le of architecture, with its ancient ch)ck still telling tlie hoiu-s, as it has for }fenerations, and the old wall, originally built atid loopholed for defence aj;ainst the Indians, standinj; by tile busy lhoron,nhfare. The Hank of Montreal on the op- posite, or noi thcrn, side of the s(|uare, with its lofty Corir.'.'Man pillared portico, shares, with the vSeniinary of St. vSnlpice, the envied distinction of beinj^ the wealthiest monetary in.stitution in America. The frescoin}; of the interior of the bank on the j;round lloor is exceedingly artistic, and contains a number historic pieces. The buildings on this .s(juare ;i.. in its neighborhood are among the finest in America ; the city I'osl-oftice, the \ew York Life lusur.ince, the Imperial Life Insurance and Royal Insurance companies, the Jaccpics-Cartier Hank, the liancpie Xationale, etc. Montreal is a city of churches. The Roman Catholics have 40, the Anglicans 19, the Presbyterians 24, tlje Methodists u, H.iptists 7, Congregationalists 5, and other denominations S. To insjK-ct them all, or nearly, would well repay the tourist for his time and troul)le. Principal among them are Christ Church Cathedral (Anglican), considered one of the finest specimens of gothic architecture on the continent; the Methodist Church, on .St. Catherine street ; Ivrskine Church, on .Sherbrooke street ; vSt. James' Cathedral (Roman Catholic), Dominion vSquare, a most imposing structure, and fac-simile of .St. Peter's at Rome. 50 Cliiii of W Mill V Chan cnjiit (lie ( ((.■.-,t;ii IJK- llieiii ■\i>tr (lalis eiiilf; liil MMMT-'! lull only one-half its diiiiensions ; the Cliiirch of the (a-su, Uk-ury strcrt. Tlic frcscoiii}; in tliis hcMUtiful idilk-c is said to he unc'ciiialk-d in America. The Ciiajjel of Xotre-Danie de gourdes and the Chapel of Xa/areth Asylum, each uni(|iie in its way, are j^enis of architeelnre ;ui(l contain paintinj^sof thcKfcat- esl merit and value. iJonsecours Cinirch, the okle.st in the city, containing a miraculous statue of the \'irgin, and associated with the heroic era of the city's his- tory, should he visited. Old St. Gabriel Presbyterian Clituch, the first Protestant i)lace of worship erected in Montreal, *»^ *■ ", sliil stands at tl le west end o f tlu Champ tk'Mars. It has been oc- cu]iie(l by the .School of Art. In (he olden times, when the Pro- tectants had no place of worshi]), the Recollet I''alhers j^ranted them the use of their church on Notre-Dame street. Modern van- dalism demolished that strnclure, eink-ared to Catholics and Pro- dlifitep » itjl ilHIMIMi ■'<• illlllll"l| ,.,;^„.,y;*M<" --'V ;'-*'l;n'^'Lr-" '' ■ * Above the Reservoir, Mount Royai Park. 51 * I ? testaiits alike, some years aji^o. St. Patrick's Church, Alexander street, is now a strand edifice, associated with the growth of the Irish Catholic population of the city, which is now estimated as nearly one-third of the total. The Preslnterians have .several magnificent churches, all attended i)y large congregations, for the Scotch in Montreal are not onl\- numerous, but very wealthy, and, since the concjue.st, have contributed more than any other nationality to the business deve- lojiment nf the city. Til ■;.; two Jewish synagogues in the city ; that on Stanley street, bei. ., an imposing structure in a severe style of architecture, resembling the ancient temples of Ivgypt. The religious character of the cit\- is shown [^l)y the number of The Towers. I its con\ents, hospitals and i)ublic charities, as well as by churches and educational institutions. The convents of the Congrega- tion of Xotre-Dame at "Monklands," of the vSacred Heart at "IJack River, " and otlicrs, have a world-wide fann-, and pupils come to them from all jxirts of America. Montreal College. Sherbrooke iltree;. an Anions liospitals, tlie IIotel-Dieu, at the northern part of the city, is the oldest, most extensive and wealthiest. The C.eneral Hospital is ft)unded on the hniadest principles of i)liilanthropy. The Royal Victoria Hospital is the mag- nificent gift to the city by two of its leading citizens, Lord Mount vStephen and Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal. Situated in the suburb of Verdun is the Protestant Hospital for the In- .sane, erecled by private subscription, supplemented by a grant from the Provincial Government, and intended to supply the best and most scientific treatment for the cure of insanity. The Longue-Pointe A.sylum, in charge of Catholic religious ladies, is a va.st institution below Hochelaga and beyontl the eastern limits of the city. It was destroyed by fire ii. iie sinnmer of iSijo, when some fifty oi sixty of the inmates, including .several of the niUlS, perished in the llanies. McCill University anJ CrounJs, Sherbrooke street. There are, besides tho.se mentioned, the Protestant House ot Indu.stry and Refuse, the McKa\- Iiislitnte for Protestant Deaf-Mutes, the Montreal I )is]iensary , tlie Ladie^' ISeneNoknt Institution, the |k M 1^ 53 Protestant Infants' Home, the Protestant Orphan Asylum, the Harvey Institute, the Women's Proteelive Immigration Society, the I'liiversity Hospital, and the Western, Samaritan and Notre-Dame hospitals. Tin.- Roman Catholic institutions of a similar character are in cliarj;e of the sisters of the various relij^ious orders. The McGill College I'niver.sity is the principal seat of learning in the city, and takes rank with the leading universities of Ivngland and the I'nited States. Its science dei)artments are unexcelled. The Iiuildings are surrounded by beautiful grounds, and con lain a fine library and museum. The Natural History vSociety has a very good mu- seum, including the celebrated " I-'errier Collection" of I'.gyptian anticpiities, said to be the most jKn-fecl. of the kind in America. The colleclion of birds is very fine and well arranged. Here may also be found a great man\ Ixioks ;uul prints relating to the early settle uienl and history of Canada, with Indian curiosities, No ])lace in Montreal will better repay a visit than thi> nniseum. The Presb\terian College of Montreal is devoted tleyan College, are in close proximit\ to McC.ill, with which they are .ifliliated in arts. The Montreal College and C.rand Seminar\ , or the Seminary of St. Sulpit-e, on Sherbrooke street west, has a laige nmnber of students and jirofessors. There are two courses of studv one for the Churcii J! 54 Theological Colleges, McGill University. The MTrhjiUs Euiik . lifiiiiL; particularly iiitciL'sti )! Canada. iii^, and the site of ami the other for professions. I.aval University is to thr iM'ench Catholics what the Mc(iill I'niversity is to tlu' l'".n>;lish and l'ri)lestants of the I'rovince. The chief seal of this institution is at Quebec. St. Mary's Colle>;e, on lUeurx- street, and the I. Students attend from all parts of the continent. \'illa Maria Consent is the int)ther house of the Sisters of the Conj^reijation. It has accommodation for a j;re:il nianv pupils. The nuns in this < )rder make an annual retreat here from all parts of the countrv . The older jiart of the huildin.n was formerly known as " Monklands," and was at one time the residence of the C.overnor-C.eneral of Canad.i. The ladies of the Order of the S.icred Heart have an academy in Montreal, and a \er\- beautiful con\ent at Satdt an Recollet, si.\ miles distant from the cit\-, now reached b\ the electric car.s. It is also one of the nm^l popular carria.i;e drives in the vicinit\- of the city, the road [ the con\ent exiremelv pictnres(pie. The lIochela.t;a Convent, at east end of the cit^ the mother house of the vSisters of the ( )rder of the II olv Nam es o esus and M; ir\- and has branches throuijliout America. The \'eleritorv College, Mont real possesses a very imi)ortant School of \'eterinary Science, luidei SUfi to IIk' . to tlu' fe: ul" seal Loyola IX'ClitMl JL■^u^. II i;real jr : annual k-r part s," am! (".LMicial lavc ail \cnt al L .\-, now f lie niosl lliL' road ( )nii.i r L', uiuU I' f 4 i f i ' I V 1 t ik- Saa H^Ar ^Vb'^ 1 ' (4 '>•■• .,1 ■ .(! ^f^^SiHi^liillB HHM^IS^ ^0W§k- W^Kf^pSSr^ eama ■ - -•• — ...—,- -- ^ ^ -■ %f~~ff\EBHaii •^ pwi» __ — . ^sr.. l^^i>w*V-^^ . —.1. ...i, It 1 -miu:,! 1 III ^ ^^^^^^^HHK. "^ . - ■'■"**'••'" ■;-• --^-i'^^tS^j!?^^ ^ ' "-■' '^ JtK M Vv ■^,^t'^m!^^''^-''M.-.A »' ■ i^.-'"^^"^^! Royal Vicloria College, for Ladies. (.Krcclovl anJ endowed by Lord Sirathcona and Mount Royal.) the care of Principal MclCacliran. .Siiulcnts from a great distance come to attend tliis college. Il The Montreal vSchool has is affiliated witii the Medical hacultv of McC.il Hoard of Arts .Schools. These are free evening classes for drawing. T several hnndred pnpils. ( )n the grounds of the- Montreal College are still standing the old walls and watch towers built 1)\ the ,Snli)icians to ilefend their habitatioi High School. Peel Street. 58 troni Ind tune are ian attacks, kept Tl lese rel'.cs o )f old ell 111 a )od state of repair. and shown to visitors ^vith pleasure h)' the good fathers. ( Src pctoc ^j. 1 The Art (cillery, on Phillips Scpiare, contains a splendid colleclioii oi paintings and scnl])ture. Honsecours Market should he visited on Tue.sdaj- or I'riday, the great market days. The scene then presented is peculi- arly characleristic of P'reiich Canada, and gives a better idea of the liabiLint, his customs, ideas and state of jirogre.ss than can he had anvwlieiv else. oil Not far from this i'aiiious market, the brow of the sloping hill that forms Jaccpies-Cartier Sciuare, stands Xel.sou's pillar, one of the landmarks of the cit_\ Ni.ar llie corner of this S(|liarc, on XotrL-Danic strt'et, is the ancient and intercstin*;;^ Ch.alcau dc Ranie/.a\ . This l)uihlinj^ is associated with some of the most important events in the history of Canada. W'itliin its venerable walls, the final arranjj^enienls were made for the withdrawal of the last French j^^arrison in Montreal. It was long occnpicd ;is a residence by successive com- manders of the liritish forces. (Gen- eral Montgomery made it his head- i|uarters when the- city was held by t!ic Continental troojis. The old ('.(ivcinment House, adjoining the Chateau, was for many years the residence of successive governors- general, and is also associated with n:an\ stirring historical epi.sodes. It was long occupied by the law courts, and is now a free historical museum well \v()rth>' of a visit. \'ictoria Bridge, one of the great- e'-l, if viot tile greatest, engineering feat of the age, connects the Grand Trunk Railway with the Island of Miiutreal and the south shore of the St. Lawrence. It was originally l)uilt ol iron, on the tubular principle. Coiivent cil the Holy N:imes of Jesus anJ Mnry Hochelagn. I'u i Tlv.-re are two Ioiiil^ abiitinent'^ and Iwcnty-four piers of solid masonry. The Ien.y;th of the hridjTe is two miles. The lube through whieli the railway track was laid was twenty-two feet hii^h and si.xteen wide. The total cost of the strnctnre was six million three htnidred tliou^and dollars. It is the creation of the same genius that spainied the Menai Straits, Robert Stephenson and A. M. Ross havinchiiie. (li;-e is h ami is llie Ri)ss on tlR' cs anil onry h taper istancc, niL-lal, led, not ; carried ive been K" brid<;e e-arrin^e ides, and ded that I on each lirections, forty -five weight nt the lineal ng at the II hour, as St. Mary's (Jesuits') College, and Church of the Gesu. Bleary Street 'm well as drive ways and foot-walks crowded with i^assenf;ei>, and vehicles. Another iron bridge of more modern design spans the St. Lawrence at Lachine, and cotnieols the Canadian Pacific Railway with Montreal. Tliis bridge illustrates in a strikin.^ manner the change that has taken place in engineering metliods of bridge building since the erection of the old X'icloria bridge. It is constructed on the cantilever prin- ciple ; its light, airy, seemingly fragile spans offer no resist- ance to the wind, and combine the minimum of weight witli the maxinuun of stability. This bridge gives Montreal an alternative transcontinental route by rail, and confirms the conunanding jxjsition of the city as the entrepot, at the head of ocean navigation, of the commerce of the l{ast and West. At Point St. Charles, near the end of V^icloria Bridge, is immigmnis Memorial Stone- Point St. Charles. r^ p]o(- „f grouud, as.sociatcd with tlic terrible epidcuiic of ship- fever, as the burying-ground of the violims. In the centre of the plot is an enormous boulder, called the " Innnigrants' Memorial .Stone," taken from the bed of the St. Lawrence river and erected on a foundation of stone work by the workinginen employed in the construction of Vicloria Bridge. It bears the following inscription : "To preserve from Desecration llie Keiiiaiiis of 'i,i. Iiiimiiirants Who Died of Sliip-I'ever, A.D., 1S17-S. This stone is ereoled hy the Workmen of Messrs. I'eto, lirassey vSi Iletts, employed in the constrnction of the Vietoiia liridye. .\.l>.. iN.S9." 62 BOU vST. HICLKN'S ISLAND. This beautiful, wooded and historic i>l;iiul, ill the centre of the river, directly opposite the city, was iiaiiied after tlie wife of Clianii)laiii. It was for a loiijr time the property of the l,()ii;4iieiiil family, from whom it was piircliased 1)\- the British (ioverii- iiieiil for military purposes, as it com- iiiands the approach to the harbor Ironi tile sea. A barrack, two ancient bliK'k-houses and a dismounted bat- Ur\ . once used for salutiiiL^, and a iiiilil;iry ;4raveyar(l, are all that re- main of its former military streii<;th. A ])ortion of the island has been placed at the disjKwal of the city Icniporarily for a i>ul)lic park and recieati()iii.,aonn{l, and is the favorite resort of the workinj; clas.ses on .Sun- days and holidays. It is also a great place fen- athletic shames and siK)rls, jiicnics ami nationa lir.itions. There are swimtning baths, belonging to the Montreal vSwinimiiig Club, on its .soutl ll is uasy of access by ferry, and is the mo'-t delightful breathing-place that could be imagined 63 Montreal Harbor. 1 socielii. i-eastern for a ";re; .' cele- slioi'e. It citv. 1 1 ' lam ' MTSCrLAR MOXTRKAL. SI'OR'I'S AM) PASTIMI'.S W INTI'.R WD SIMM h.R. I S;.fi'i:illy rout rilmli-.l foi I r.r.isiu A ri;i> MoNTKHAr.. All liKlits rcstrvcil.i " Skilk-il ill all tlif cnil'l of hiiiilers, III .ill yoiUlifiil siiort^. ami i)asliiiics, III all manly arts ami labor-.." -Tlh- Siiiifi „t Hui:tallui. COSMOl'OMTAX ill all tllill},^s, Montreal is cosiiiojiolitan in her sports. Tliu ,!.;rfal iialioiial ^aines of lacrosst.', in sumiiicr, and hockcv in winter, arc lit-rc to l)e slcii at their best, .Snowshoein^ antl tol)()K'j;aninjj^, other national amusements, also fiiul exponents in Montreal, allhonja:!! the ^lory of the toi)o,u;j;an has almost departed, and the hii,u:e chutes Iiave lieeii lout;; since dismantled or are fallin.n to decay. lint Montreal has her imported sports : fox huntiii<;-, real fox hnnlinj;, cricket and football, from lvni;land ; curlinj^' and >;i)lf from the "land o' cakes" ; h.iseball from across the line, and boatin.i;- <;alore. ICver\- pro,>;ressive country has its own way of developin.!^ the phy.-sitiue of its citizens. (lermany and France teach them to play at soldiering ; in q^ Canada every man is or has been an athlete, which accounts for the stalwart handsome iiKii for which Montreal in particular is noted. This love of muscular exertion is ill tile Canadian's blood, and the rotation of the sea.sons affords such chanuje of sport, as to pre vent any one sport from i)alling. He chanij^es from l)lanket suit to llannel witli the course of the snu, and from bathini; dre.ss to hu<;e fur coat, and the den of a .\oun<; Canadian is usually an arsenal of weapons with wdiich he does more than merely kill time. The Canadian, and con- ^eiinently the Montreal woman is only a degree behind her brother in this love of .sport. She 65 !• I »!'"' 4^^ will he found reHiiiiiiL; in the canoe lie is iiaddlini;, she will vvalk long miles with him upon the snowshoe tramp, she adores tiie ,L;()lf>tick, and her cheeks flush over tennis. From even the more methodical work of tlu- ^\ nuiasium ^.he does nc^t shriid<, and she shows it in her <;;raceful carria.^e. healthy color and rounded form, Professionalism is almost miknown in tiie sportinj;' world of Montreal, the baseball team bL-int; the onlv salaried players of an\- imjiortant <;ame. This sport was introduced in 1S97 and has magnificent ^roiuids at the corner of ^^t. Catherine street and Atwater avenue, just within tiie limits of the sid)urban town of W'estnunuit. A few \ears since, Montreal w:'s regarded as j)articnlarl\- a winter resort foi tourists eager to breathe the sharp cold I)racing air and see and enter into our northern sj orts. Winter still remains in high favor, but with the decadence nl' tobogganing nuich that was novel and extraordinarily exciting hiis gone with il. XeveMlieless the winter "drives" are still a feature, long drives over crisping; snow to tile tinkle of silver bells, the fur wraps and fur robes shieUling the ("elighted occupants of the sleighs from rude Uoreas. The siiowshoe ^, 1 tramp is still in high favor. Uy mooiiligiit or on vSaturday afternoons the visitor may '^.rV view a scene nowhere else to be X'iewed on so grand a scale, l-'rom every ilirection 'VImv ajipear handsome, sinewv-looking young fellows, clothed in the pictures(|Ue blanket '\^'^-. vSome wear the Royal I'lirjile ami Red Cross of ,St. (ieorge, others the old Tu(pie I'leiie, or the Tarlan t)f Argyle, tlie Rlue and White of Ia' Canadieii, or the (■reeii ot tlie Ivmeralils, etc. Most of tliese ha\e siiowshoes slung upon their sturdy backs, but some are intent upon tolxigganniiig. In either case, their sport lies beyond the city liiiiils, and they .soon s])eed away to the St. C.eorge's Club House, or to the I'ark 'toboggan Slide, upon th'.- slope of the Mountain, whither the guest can follow in a' a' -" — "-'^■y iBlBi s tiowshoe rk of IIk- L'cl fonu. iiu be'in;-; iuul lia^ lUic, ju>t resort fill into oui atlciice of ic with il. r crispini; ;Ulinj4 llu' ^Xi ir* I A Hockey Match, Victoria Skating Rink. sleigh and he sure of a hearty welcome and an initiation into the mysteries of snow- shoer's revels or tobogganing. Immediately behind the "Windsor" is the ct. Icbrated Victoria Skating Rink, one of the finest in the world. Here will be found a happy crowd, gliding about on polished blades, over a magnificent .sheet of ice. Hundreds are on the ice — some waltzing, .some speeding swiftly round and round, and others performing the graceful evolutions of finished .skaters. Hundreds more tlirong the spacious promenade, from whicli vantage ground they study the poetry of motion as exemplified by a world's champion, or a number of experts of both .sexes, in what is undeniably one of the most beneficial of exerci.ses and the most graceful known. Judged fairly, the ladies are certainly the better .skaters. The majority of the gentlemen .skate well, 'tis true, but only a small number are really experts, i.e., capable of performing diflicult figures with ea.se and grace. Vet one may .see a wait/, or quadrille danced upon this treacherous footing to perfection. The visitor is particularly fortunate if opportunity is aiTorded for a sight of one of the grand fancy dress gatherings which are held a couple of times every winter at this rink or others. Then hundreds of skaters gather for an evening's amusement — the vast rink is gorgeous with streaming banners and countless Chinese lanterns and ablaze with ekc-tric lights. l{very imaginable costume has a wearer among til" motley throng. Poyalty greets poverty genially, a stately duchess waltzes with a " Inul man" from the prairie, the lady abbess flirts with the court jester, the sweet girl graduate li.stens smilingly to the sulphurous com])liments of the devil, the .severe divine relaxes in the presence of the (jueen of the ballet, the red.skin chums with the Xonnan baron, the old trappeur with good (jueen iSess, the habitant with Desdemona. 68 ft- gSMaasmmmum It is one great kaleidoscope of brilliant coloring, a crazy qnilt of odd designs, a living torrent of swaying, curving, gayly attired figures, and a spectacle not to be witnessed ' /; _ outside of Canada. A hockey match at the "Arena," between any two of the prominent teams of the country, will also greatly interest all admirers of manly skill. Oidy good skaters and men of nerve can excel in it, for it frecpiently necessitates rough, fast and loiig-contiimed work. vSwift skating, lightning turns, and close, hard checking of opponents, are essential to success, and good judgment and a well-controlled temper are needful qualifications. h'alls are fre the vScottish element among the leading men of Montreal. One of the most influential of organizations of its nature in America is the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association, which embraces in its large mend)ership the l)est \oung men <'l' the city, and exercises a marked influence in social life. The handsome stone struetnre, fnrniing the headquarters of the M.A.A.A., is situated on Mansfield street, and here will be I'lund all the latest and best appliances for the develojiment of the nuiscles. Ivver\- purely a-.nateur sport is encouraged, and, as most of the leading clubs in all l)ranches of sport have been affiliated to the M.A.A.A., it is a strongly representative organiz: .ion and a model of 69 4^ ;i( i)!,' I '^r-,., f L ! ',"*-. .V,, its kiml. Tlie beautiful grounds of the association are located in * /i-"^->^K r^^' Westniount. They occupy a most advant;i<;eous site, and are surpassed ^*^ \i ^'W^sS^ '^^' ''-'\^'' if aii'^'' rivals. The ,y;rounds of the vShanirock Lacrosse Club arc '* - -/j, i fr ><<*f'>-^-:i ''t^ 1^^'^ other end of the city, and upon those two roomy sijuares of ■"'2l^»i^_ 'h- '"■■''^4\,'^^ close .screen turf are fou,i,dit out the championship games of lacrosse. ^•s^i^'^''' '^,'-;ti?'^ I')oth grounds have a fine cinder track, club rooms, etc., and in the season .in immense crowd .sees the decision of chamiMonshi|) amateur athletic events, and, not xmfrcquentl\ , some genuine record-smashing. Snowshoeing justly ranks among the leading pastimes. A tramp over the mountain, with .say the merry men of St. Cieorge upon a moonlight night, will not soon be forgotten. vShoes are doinied at the head of Peel street, and tile pace-maker leads iIk- way, followed by from twenty to fifty lilanket-garbed "knights" in Indian file. Last of all comes the " whijjper in," whose duty is to look after t\ros at the sport, and keep laggards to the pace. Through the snowy woods, they clind) up the mountain side, the trees casting weinl black shadows over the spotless snow. "Click-clack!" "click-clack!" sound the shoes in regular beat, ever\- man sticking to his work and lu)lding his j)lace in the long line as best lie mav. Xow they defile into an open space, and the moon shines bright upon the ro\al purple and crimson colors of tlu club. lieards are heav\- with frost, and the breath shows like steam in this keen night air, and they form a charmingly picturesipie band as they trudge sleailily along. Away below, the moon's rays Hash upon soaring spires and snow-ladeii roofs, and lower \el the countless lights of the great city complete an effect that is niagicai in its strange beauty. Now they enter the gloom\- pines and are lost to view in the velvet blackness of shadows the moon cannot penetrate, emerging lower down in sight of tlie tinted lights of .St. (a. life's Club House. Soon the rmiYiiriiii trill ' n ff'MaaaaiiiS&i miSm O >- > ./x -/^ 7^iJ', ji^g ^jjy_ 'j^ijg senior officer of the club present acts as master ^=" ^ of ceremonies, tlie club pia- nist takes his position at the instrument, and a \-arie(l programme nf soni^s, dances, recitations and specialties is gone through — the club pos- sessing a surprising amoiuit of talent in this direction. If strangers are present, or it is the first appearance of new members, the " l)ounc- ing contingent " are called upon, and seize their viclim and toss him aloft amid laughter and fun again and again, catcl'.iiig him sa fely, at each descent, in strong hands. At half past ten, all join in singing the national anthem, and the pace quickens, the leader breaks into a run, and takes his men right merril\ along until the door of the club-house is reached. "All up? '" he .shouts, and the trampers reply, then shoes are taken off, and all prepare for an evening's fun in the true snowshoer's style. The ])eautiful club-hou.se is admirably suited for its purpose : its spacious ball-room will accommodate all probable visitors of a club whose membership numbers clo.se to five hundred, and in it the trampers soon a.s.semble, with others who, perhaps, have driven out from -^ 'Uilli.. Jgl ^f^^0&^-:^-^^' *' .S^,;^-{iM^^>xSfe..:.^ A Meet of the Montreal Hunt Ciub. %\ regular iiroceedings close. \'(jluntt'urs may now he called upon, and tlie fun, ])erhai)s. •/y prolonged for an hour more, when word is passed round to prepare for home. 'iMie .same style of amu.sement is also followed at other rendezvous. If Montreal is the home of winter sports uni(|ue upon this continent, she is none the less the home of pastimes that depend not upon chill blasts, frozen streams and winding snow. !^he possesses the original hunt clnl) of America, with magnificent kennels and clnl)-house behind the moiuitain, and her red-coated horsemen hunt real fo.xes on their native heath. Many a glorious run is had ill the .season, and the hunt breakfasts are events of primary importance in the social set. Another highly social amu.sement is found at the Uac(|uet Court, built at a heavy expense and patronized In- a large number of the "smart .set." But it is on the lake front, a few miles from Montreal, on Lake St. Louis, that Montiealers enjoy their summer sports most freely. Mere are to be found the Ilel-Air race track, the I'oresl and .Stream Club, and the Roxal St. Lawrence Yacht Club, and, clustered around these, or sjiread ui>wards Uiy over twenty miles to vSte. Anne and \'audreuil, are costly summer hmiies, in front of which s])rings at anchor the launch or the .sailing yacht. Lake St. Louis has an enviable reputation for tiie number and speed of its twent}-i"ooters, and for .some \ears I'nited States yachts- men ha\-e vainly endeavored to win back the Seawanhaka Cup, won \ by (;. Herrick Duggan from one of their crack racers. On Lake St. Louis, every vSatiirday during the season, there is almost certain to be a regatta at one of the resorts, which are distant from one another seldom more llian two miles, and the .scene is gay with lake craft of all kinds, prettv women and athletic men. , fife ^ C^-r^.. 73 i liri At these regattas the canoe races, particularly tlie races of tlie war-canoes, are always popular. In summer, the whole city seems to turn am|)hihian. Ivven little children aloniL; the lake shore have their "punts" in which they paddle about, heedless of danger, while their elders as a rule care but little, so far as fear is con- cerned, which side of their \acht is ui)perm(>st, or whether ihey are in the water or not. - In the neighborhood (;f Horval are the golf links which are reputed among the best in America, and greatly patronized. At Ste. Rose, St. Landjert, Chaiii- bly, Longueuil, Houcherville, Laprai- rie, the liack River, and at dozens ol (jther suburban resorts, Montrealers enjoy the summer months, yet lea\r enough in the city to crowd the grand stands when a lacrosse or ba.se-ball game is in progress. There is probably no game in tlic world (piite as skillful as lacro.s.se. It is the historic game of Canada, to which Pontiac gave a terrible signifi- cance during his revolt. To those uii accustomed to the game, it is a most wonderful sight to see what clever R:yal St. Lawrence Yacht C.i Dorvnl, near Mjnireal rt, Cluiin L-, Laprai dozens ol' ontreakis VL't Icavr the <;ranil r l)ase-l)all anie in tla icrosse. U ijanada, li' ~ .° bo be l)layerscan(l()\vitli tliesc "sticks" in the matter of catcliiiii;-, Iioldinj^ and throwing the hall. Many of the league games of Canada are played in Montreal, and arc at- tended hy thousands. It is ()id\- of recent \ears that Montreal has tak en u]) base ■hail, vet tl e game apparently has come to stay, and the grounds of the local club coni])are favorably with those of other centres. The team is, of course, professional, the only avowedly professional teams in Canada being those engaged in this s])ort. Montreal is the starti Suppe nsr point for a large number of fine shoot game laws of the province are not .severe. The di.stance to good 76 ing and fishing tours, and the grounds is comparatively short. iVH « I--* Pupils' Promenade. The Chapel. Villa Maria Convent (Monklands). Convent Buildings. Avenue. Monkland Lake. Conservatory. Studio. SIGHTS AND IJvGKXDvS. business blocks, wholly practical, wholly terrestrial, which climb into the sky as high as the towers of Xolre-Danie that once overlookecl the humbler mansions of the city, like an oriental priest from his eyrie. Then atrain, the are few citie.' n America so intereslinu' fn om an hist( orical poin t of \icu . Here landed a l-'.uropean ii 1 I here projierty was secured to reli,i;ion I)y conslitutiui; the lilesseil \-ir. in the jiroprietress, here C;Miada w as surrendered to (ireat Britain, here the rebellion of iS; l)roke fust into flames, heie a inad populace destroyed the Parliament Buildings : Ironi Montreal, Mar(|uette and I, a .Salle set out to discover the Mi.ssissipi)i ; the founder of Detroit lived here ; fnnii here went out the great fur traders, even to the Rocky Mountains. Mackenzie, l''raser, Alexainlei Henrv, h'robisiier. and a host of others. In Moutie; dso is to-dav the largest bell in America, (iros /hvikIoii : the harbor was the lir^l ii; the world to be lighted electricitv : the citv has the largest bank in America ; the old X'iclori; e was one ot tl le wonc ler; >f tl le wo rid: the gentlemen of tlie .Sc-minary could probal)ly was aunclieil the .•cond steand)oat in America, here was a canal l)U\ ni>t Bridi out tile \'ai'derbilts : here begun, here centres the most extensive r.iilway system in the world, owned b\- one com]);iny. Si on, abnost ad hijiiiilinii . mii^lil the wonders ;ind pr.iises of Montreal be sounded. Th le geologist will be interested in liaviui his attention called t