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' _ * ■' *■ ^ .■'. • » 1 > • "; .. • * " ' ■■ .':...,■ ■ ■. ■ -^ "• ;• ■ '■'. » * The City of Nelson. ^ View from Nelson, Looking down Kootenay River. ^ CITY OF NELSON. TVTELSON the metropolis of the far-famed mineral district of Kootenay, is situated on the shore of the Western Arm (near .is south- JN west extremity) of Kootenay Lake. The geographical position of Nelson is unique, in that it is in the centre of the richest Cold, Silver and Copper bearing region of Kootenay. Trade and commerce have made the most of its natural advantages, so much so that within ten years the city has expanded from a few log huts into the largest and bir,iest inland city in British Columbia. The great railway companies have not been slow to recognize this fact, for no fewer 'han three branches of the Canadian Pacific -ailway Company, viz: the Slocan River, the Columbia & Kootenay, and the Crow's Nest Pass Railways have made Nelson their terminus. Nelson is also the British Columbia terminus for the Nelson and Fort Sheppard Railway (now the property of the Great Northern Railway Company), which line connects the City with the principal railroads of the United States. Nelson is also the chief port for the extensive Kootenay Lake trade. There are several services of steamers plying daily from the City to various points on the lake. ,. . , .. . • A level plateau, well above high water mark, extending along the shore of the lake, has been partly monopolized by the business portion of the city. Beyond the plateau, the land undulates, then gradually slopes upwards until the base of the surrounding mountains is reached. On this higher ground is spread the residential portion of the city. A site more admirably adapted for a commercial and residential city could hardly be found. How to Reach Nelson. At the present moment, the most direct and most comfortable route to Nelson from Eastern or Western Canada, or from New York, is by the Canadian Pacific Railway. At Revelstoke, on the company's main line, a station about midway between the Eastern r.AUNCHINC. SlEAMER MoVIE, AT NeI.SON, 1 898. slope iifthe Rockeys and the Pacific Coast, a branch line runs to Arrowhead, a small station at the head of the Arrow Lakes, from which place the journey is continued by means of palatial steamers as far as Robson, a small town at the southern end of the lakes. From Rdbson, the Columbia ..V Kootenay Branch of the Canadian Pacific runs to Nelson. Ihe journey from Revelstoke to Nelson occupies less than twelve hours. As soon as the line is in thorough running order, the Crow's Nest Pass branch will be the more direct route from the Kast, as the time occupied by the journey from Winnipeg to Nelson will be reduced by nearly thirty-six hours. 'I'lie traveller from the Southern Stites can also reach Nelson via Spokane and the Nelson & Fort Sheppard Railway, the journey from Spokane to Nelson occu|)ying eight hours. Nelson is now connected with the lioundary 1 )istrict by means of the Robson-Penticton Railway. This line places Nelson in direct communication with the principal cities and towns of that part of the Province known as the Boundary Country. Nelson the Commercial Centre of the Kootenays. The remarkable growth of the City of Nelson is not of the mushroom order like many mining towns ; on the contrary there is an aspect of solidity and permanency about the city which at once strikes the observant stranger's glance. Nfassive brick blocks, which are every month being added to in number, serve for warehouses and offices for the large com- mercial firms There are four banks in Nelson, viz ; the Banks of British Columbia and Montreal, the Merchants Bank of Halifax, and the Imperial Bank of Canada. No less than twenty-nine large wholesale houses have established warehouses in the city. The excellent laeililies for transport by both rail and water to all parts of the Kootenays assist in maintaining a brisk and ever increasing trade for tl\c8c firms. It is th'-.s that Nelson has gradually become the distributing point for all kinds of merchandise throughout the Kootenays. Other cities in that district are dependent on some neighboring mine or mines for their very existance, but Nelson stands alene as the home of trade and commerce for the mining portion of the Province of British Columbia. The assured value of personal property in Nelson is greater than the combined assessment of the cities of Ressland, Kaslo and Sandon. In 1898 the value of exports (according to the Custom House returns) for the City of Nelson, amounted to $3,695,624.00, and the value of the imports for the same year was $588,753.00. These figures will speak for themselves. Nelson Smei.ter. Nelson, the Centre of a Rich Mineral District. Although Nelson is essentially a commercial city, yc. rhe mines of the surrounding country play no unimportant part in increasing its wealth and magnitude. As we have before staled, Nelsoi is the central point of the Kootenay mineral district. This is easily proved by consulting the map, when it will be seen that he several mineral disficts of Slocan, Ainsworth, East Kootenay (Fort Steele and Windermere), Ymir and Trail Creek form a crn.tlete a' riferous circle round the city. The .Slocan is reached from Nelson by two routes, namely : by the Sloca 1 River Railway and by steamer by Kaslo. Rossland, the mining city of the Trail Creek District, is reached fi Mi Nelson also by two routes, viz ; the one by the Colunil)ia & Kootenay Railway via Robson, the other by the Nelson & Fort Shep pard Railway via Northport. By either route, Roislan.' can be reached within four and a half hours, though the Robson route is some fifteen minutes quicker. The town of Ymir is on the Nelson & F irt Sheppard line, about an hour's journey from Nelson. Epst Kootenay is now tapped by the new Crow's Nest I'ass Railway, so th.it from Nelson any point in that district can now be easily reached. Nelson is also the starting point for the Hour lary Country. The Canadian Pacific Railway has just commenced to construct a new branch from Nelson, by steamer to the head of Kootenay I.ake, thence through the I.ardeau District to Arrowhead. There are many rich and valuable mineral properties in the Lardeau District, the development of which has been hitherto retarded owing to its inaccessibility. The new line will thus open up an entirely new mineral country. Some of the largest and best known mining companies have their head offices for the I'rovince at Nelson ; as for instance, the Hall Mines Company, the London & Hritish Columbia Goldfields Company, the Whitewater Mines Company, the Ymir Mining Company, the Fern CJold Mining Company, the Exchequer Gold Mining Company, the Athabasca Gold Mining Company, the I'Dorman Gold Mining Company, the Dominion Mining, Development & Agency Company and the Duncan Syndicate. The management of these large and influential companies have been wise in recognizing the fact that Nelson is at once the most central railway point ; the best town for supplies and the most desirable place of residence for companies' officers in the Province. The Principal Mines within the Immediate Vicinity of Nelson. The largest and most important mine within a short distance of the city is the Silver King Mine, which is situated on Toad Mountain, some four and a half miles fro:r Nelson. It is the property of the Hall Mines, I-td. Over two hundred men are regularly employed at the mine and some thousands of tons of ore monthly extracted from it. The valuable products of the Silver King are copper and silver. The ore is taken from the mine to the company's smelter in Nelson by means of a tramway. This smelter is an important factor for the wellfare of the city ; it employs over one hundred men and has a cppacity for smelting not less than tl 'e hundred and seventy tons of ore per day. Ores from other mines, particularly copper ores, are purchased by the Hall Mines Company and treated by them at the smelter. A new company is the Slocan Ore Purchasing Company, who recently established themselves in Nelson. They are erecting a custom sampling plan 1. — ^now in course of completion — at a point on the shore of the lake where the Canadian Pacific and Nelson & Fort Sheppard lines join, so that ores can be transmitted to the sampler by rail or water. This undertaking will be of great advantnge to the many mines in the locality, especially those which have only a small quantity of ore to dispose of. Oiher mines in the neighbor- hood which are ore producers and which have paid, and are paying dividends, are : The Athabasca, a free milling gold mine with a ten- stamp mill : the Fern Mine, a free milling gold mine with a ten-stamp mill ; the Poorman, a free milling gold mine with a ten-stamp mill ; the Ymir M> le, a free milling gold mine with a ten-stamp mill ; the Porto Rico Mine, a free milling gold mine with a ten stamp mill; the Dundee Mine, with a concentrator; the \'ellowstone Mine, with a mill under construction. To the above named mines a long list of promising properties, in various stages of development, can be added, all situated within a comparatively short distance of the city of Nelson, and with the necessary expenditure of capital, the number of dividend paying mines will be rapidly increased in the near future. h I l> isr July Sport, Hakkr Sr., Nelson, It.C, 1898. Nelson» a Desirable Residential City. A most important consideration for an intending settler is : What are the residential advantages of the city ? Charming and picturesque dwellings, with well-kept gardens and grounds, form a pleasing addition to the perfect landscape offered by nature in this mountain city. The houses at once strike the stranger as being built by people who intend to make the city their home. Various sources of amusement add to the natural attractions of the place. A well appointed opera house, two skating rinks, tennis, cricket, football and rowing clubs ; a five-mile bicycle track ; a musical society, which boasts of more than one member formerly well known in the musical profession, provide varied recreation for the hours of leisure. Handsome churches of every denomination, a fine school, two hospitals and a public library appeal to the more serious require, ments of the citizens. The city has recently spent a considerable sum of money on new waterworks and a thorough sewer system, upon the latest modern principles. A powerful and complete electric light installation supplies light to both public and private buildings as well as to the streets. Charters have recently been granted by the Municipality to an English Corporation for the institution of an electric street car system, and to a Toronto G- > Company for the erection of (ias and Coke Works. Nelson is moreover the Assize town and Judicial Cetitre for Kootcnay. There is a residing f^ocal Judge of the Supreme Court there and a number of lawyers. The Dominion Government are about to erect a substantial building for Postal, Customs and Inland Revenue Offices, the increase of business demanding larger and better quarters for these Departments of llie I'cderal Service. Nelson is also the i'rovincial Government Head(iuarlers for the District, The climate is very similar to that of England : the mortality of the city is infinitesimal ; law and order are so strictly maintained that both person and property are safer by far in Nelson than in any city of the Old World. Nelson Opera House. .« • •>.-, Nelson, the Home of the Sportsman. A few words on the spirting attractions of Nelson may prove of interest to many who intend coming to the city. The trout fishing in Kootenay Lake and river is phenomenal ; in fact there arc times when even the sanguine angler may be glutted with the number of his victims. During the Spring and Summer months, tlie fishing in the lake opposite to the city is first-rate. In the Autumn the river is at its best, and a two mile walk or row will bring the angles to one of the iiest fishing stations on the river. The Columbia and Kootenay Railway follows the Kootenay river to where the junction with the Columbia river is made, a distance of over 20 miles. At almost any point along the line where the trains stop, really magnificent fishing can be had. The trout of Kootenay belong to the species known as salmo purpuratus ; they run very large fish — over 5 and 6 lbs. in weight. Fish of this size are frequently taken with the fiy. By trolling in deep water enormous trout and charr, as heavy as 30 lbs., can be taken. If the angler has a little time to spare, a trip to Halfour will give him the opportunity of trying many excellent points for trout in the lake. There are plenty of Caribou, Mule, Black and White Tail Deer to get within reasonable distance of Nelson in the season. Any number of duck and grouse frequent the shores of the lake in the Autumn. An extended shooting trip to the distant surrounding mountains will bring the sportsman within reach of bear, goat, and Rocky Mountain sheep. Finally, the sporting visitor to Nelson must remember that his sport here costs him nothing but his time ; on the contrary, there are times during the year when a man can live on the proceeds of his rod and ,',un. And in addition to the attractions of sport, the fact must be borne in mind that the game is pursued amidst some of the grandest and most impressive scenery in the world. For the sportsman, who is also a lover of nature, Koocenay is a veritable Paradise. n .^^v UiM'ER Fam.s, Kootenay River. L'Envoi. It is hard to realize that, but ten years ago, the now prosperous city of Nelson, with a resident population of over 6000 inhabitants, was ^^^^ll^^^^l^ll [- J^"^;,^ ^^,„ ,,^., ,,,, ,,, i„,3„ ,.,„ .each the adult sta.e ; and who, strong ,n their faith in the future of the city, have invested their capital in it, with the result that they are now independent. Vhr r^rcnt "ir 'ival can week by week, sec .lew buildings and houses creeping up. Everywhere ,s to be heard the sound ot the carpente^^s har:r:;dt:;l Z, of^he n^son's chisel and the creaking wheels of great wagons loaded with buildu.g n.atenal. Day hv <1nv new streets are being opened up or graded and new sidewalks constructed. ' 'The sleTof the steler and the whistle of the locon.otive, though discordant, break on the natural beauty of the scene, are e^e^ and anon heard, betokening the advent of further trade and commerce. n.vhnn.t.ble ct il fields of the Crow's Huee freight trains, laden with merchandise or with coal, from the rich and apparently inexhaustible ctal fields ot 'l^e ^ ^^ « Nest Pass or Sbridge, are constantly to be seen discha.ging their cargoes at the various depots in the city, t.. be afterwards distributed ^'""''r:;i b^;"S:g i,. the course of a f^w years to look back to the time when these lines were written and compare the then great city 11 the Nelson of to-day ; for undoubtedly we have the makings of a great city here in the heart of the isootena>s. .Xs trade increases, manuf.-.ctories will come, and Nelson will produce as well as purchase. r„„,,|,,„ ....pific Rnilwav A a well-kown railway magnate said, on the occasion of a recent visit to Nelson, when asked why 1 he Canadian 1 acfc Ra,Uva> Compain 10 "dn Nelson a the Mediaevalist looked upon Rome (for "all roads lead to Rome") replied " e have nK.de Slon oul^entral point for the interior of this Province because we (eel sure that this city is destined to become the H.rmingham of llritish Columbia. 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