IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) V ^ /. // W.JH .^ m %° p &?/ (P- i< (/i fA 1.0 I.I 25 Ilia IIU IIM 140 ||M 2.0 III— U III 1.6 V] /a 'c5. S
S^. f
REPORT
ON
THE AFFAIRS
OF TIIK
fionsolikteb §ank of Janata,
liV THE
COMMITTEE, APPOTNTP^D BY THE SMAREIMI^I^RS,
I
On 23rd Jiiue, 1880.
PRINTED BY JOHN LOVELL & SON,
1890.
REPORT
ov
THE AFFAIES
OF THE
donsolitato land of faak
BY THB
COMMITTEE, APPOINTED BY THE SHAREHOLDERS,
AT THB
ADJOURNED ANNUAL GENEBAL MEETING,
On 23rd June, 1880.
I'l-t
PRINTED BY JOHN LOVELL & SON.
■•' \ 1880. ...
: I,
TO THE SHAREHOLDERS
OF
THE CONSOLIDATED BANK OF CANADA.
At the Adjourned Annual General Meeting of the Shareholders,
held at the Banking House, on 23rd June, 1880, the following reso-
lution was carried by a majority of 2,854 stock votes, viz. :
Moved by J. W. Ritchie, Esq., Q.C.,
Seconded by Robert Cassels, Esq., and Resolved,
" That all words in Mrs. HoUis' motion after That be struck out, and the
following inserted :
" Robert Cassels, A. B. Stewart, and William Allan be, and hereby are
appointed a Committee with authority to institute in the name of the Bank an action
against those of the Directors who were in office immediately before the last
Annual Meeting, and resident in Montreal, for all dividends declared by which the
paid-up capital of the Bank was impaired, and also for all losses sustained by the
Bank in consequence of the mal-administration of its affairs by the said Directors,
with power and instruction before bringing any suit to entertain and report to an
adjourned meeting of Shareholders, to be held on the 1st September next at noon,
any proposition from the said Directors for a settlement of the Bank's claim
against such Directors for such dividends and damages, and with power to make
such investigation into the affairs of the Bank as they see fit."
The resolution does not name the date from which the investiga-
tion was expected to commence, but the general feeling of the Meeting
seemed to point to the period of amalgamation of the City Bank of
Montreal and the Royal Canadian Bank of Toronto. Accordingly,
your Committee commenced their labors of investigation from that
Before entering on the details of the accounts, and working of the
Bank, your Committee desire to bring under notice,
■iV^f
I n
THE ORGANIZATION OP THE BANK.
This information is taken from the Minutes of the Bank, com-
mencing with The City Bank, dated
Montreal, Thursday, z-jth April, 1876.
PRKSENT :
Sir Francis Hincks, President.
R. J. Reekie, Vice-President.
John Grant.
Robert Moat.
W. W. Ogilvie.
A. M. Delisle,
And Cashier.
Inter alia. — " The Cashier was also instructed to give notice that the transfer
books would be closed on the lotii May (the date of amalgamation), that the books
of the Consolidated Lank would be opened on the 1st June, and that the first
General Meeting of the Shareholders of the Consolidated Bank of Canada, for the
purpose of electing Directors and passing By-laws, will be held on Wednesday,
the 7th June, at noon."
(Signed,) F. Hincks, President.
" J. W. Renny, Cashier.
The Consolidated Bank of Canada, Montreal,
iVednesday, loth May, 1876.
" At a meeting of the Board of Provisional Directors (under the 7th Section
of the Act 38 Vic, ch. 44) of the Consolidated Bank of Canada, held at their
Banking House in the City of Montreal, the loth day of May, A.D, 1876,
W. \V. Ogilvie,
H. J. Tiffin,
A. M. Delisle,
John Rankin,
present
Sir Francis Hincks,
Hon. a. Campbell,
R. J. Reekie,
John Grant,
Robert Moat,
It was moved by Mr. Grant,
Seconded by Mr. Delisle, and Resolved,
" That Sir Francis Hincks, K.C.M.G., and the Hon. Alexander Campbell,
be Joint Presidents of the said Provisional Board, either of whom may act in the
absence of the other : and that R. J. Reekie, Esq., be Provisional Vice-President
of the said Provisional Board.
•'Ordered — That Messrs. Renny (Cashier hitherto of the City Bank) and
McCracken (Cashier hitherto of the Royal Canadian Bank) be appointed Provisional
Joint General Managers of the said Consolidated Bank until the first Wednesday
in June next, at the respective salaries hitherto enjoyed by them in their respective
Banks." - .j ..;i^, ; :;,,i_' . . -. ■, •, - ;; ' '. ■--' -^H''- ',"• v''''-^''^ .■'*''' ''-.C;^!.'
Frequent changes afterwards look place in the composition of the
Board of Directors, by resignation and by new appointments. Those
particulars are given in the extracts which we have made from the
Minutes, and can be referred to by any of the Shareholders desirous
of possessing exact information on the subject.
We may state, however, that the following members of the late
Board are those whom the Shareholders hold responsible for the
losses made, dividends paid out of capital, and money improperly
charged to Profit and Loss Account, viz. : —
Sir Francis Hincks, Pres.
R. J. Reekie, Vice-Pres.
John Grant.
W. W. Ogilvie.
Hugh Mackay.
John Rankin.
We now proceed to review the Condition of the Bank, the Esti-
mates of Profit and Loss, the Capital Account, the Opinion of the
President and Directors as to the Value of the Assets of the Bank,
their opinion of the Gemral Manager, their Professions of Care in
the Management of the Bank, and their Zeal in its Service.
l8M May, 1876.
PRESENT :
Sir F. Hincks, President.
R. J. Reekie. Vice-President.
John Grant.
Robert Moat.
W. W. Ogilvie.
A. M. Delisle,
H. J. Tiffin.
The General Manager laid before the meeting the following statement of the
business of the Bank for the past year : —
loth May, 1876. Profit and Loss.
Balance of Credit, Profit and Loss Account $2,480 93
Gross Profits for term ending 9th inst 629,435 33
Appropriated 631,91626
Expenses $159,208 27
Interest Paid ; $64,510 55
" Reserved 48,49331
Bad and doubtful debts written off
Dividend City Bank, Dec, 1875 $59j632 52
Rnynl Can., Nov., 1875 •• 79>226 08
City Bank, May, 1876.... 59.652 40
Transferred to Rest Account ,
113,003 86
85.542 96
198,511 00
60,000 00
616,266 09
T-rr nf Profit and Loss $15.65° ^7
6
Rest Account.
City Bank, Montreal $130,000 00
Royal CannfUan 102,000 00
Balance at Credit of Profit and Loss Account ,
$232,000 00
15,650 17
$247,650 17
(Signed,) F. HiNCKS, President.
Showing the Capital said to be intact of $3,477,224 00
And Rest Account of 247,650 17
Altogether $3,724,874 17
Sir I'"rancis Hincks, in replying to a vote to himself, the Directors, and em-
ployees of the Bank, said : ^^ I would simply say that I cannot too strongly express
my opinion as to the value of the sennces of the General Manager here,, Mr. A'enny,
to ic'ho/n, as I look iifon it, the prosperity of the Bank is mainly due, his
unremitting attention to the duties of his position is, I think, unsurpassed by any
other officer of a similar institution in the Dominion. . . . I shall only say
that we shall continue to discharge the duties which are assigned to us with as much
zeal as is in our power."
26th October, 1876.
The General Manager laid before the meeting the following estimate of Profits
for the half year ending loth November, 1876.
PRESENT :
Sir Francis Hincks, President.
R.J. Rkekie, Viee- President.
John Grant.
Robert Moat.
W. W. OOILVIE.
John Rankin.
And the General Manager.
Gross Profits for half year $290,337 75
Deduct — Expenses $87,540 78
" Reserved Interest 50.776 96
Losses during current half year 18,785 92
157,103 66
«
Add — Balance of Profit and Loss Account .
Deduct — Appropriations for previous years not sufficiently provided
for
I3?<234 09
15,650 17
148,884 26
24,507 90
$124,376 36
The Directors resolved to declare a dividend of three and a half ner rpnt fr.-
♦i,« „„....«.,» Koif vj>!ir and instmrtpd tho r- "i nxiinager to give the usual notice
to the Shareholders.
igM April, 1877.
PRESENT :
Sir F. Hincks, President.
R. J. Reekie, Vice-President
John Grant.
W. W. Ogilvie.
Hugh Mack ay.
John Rankin.
R. K. Stephens.
H. McLennan.
And the General Manager.
The General Manager laid before the meeting the following estimate of Profits
for the half year ending loth May :
Balance at Credit of Profit and Loss Account at loth Nov., 1876. $94 43
Gross Profits for 6 months ending loth May, 1877 . $313,363 34
Interest accrued on Credit Valley Railway and Laid-
law debts 28,392 99
Deduct — Interest accrued and paid in addition to
amount reserved, loth Nov., 1876 . .. 34,967 28
Interest reserved 56,719 72
Expenses for 6 months 95.326 76
341,756 33
341,850 76
K
<<
Net Profit
Less — Bad and Doubtful Debts 40,95 1 78
'* Preliminary Expenses 10,12290
187,013 76
154.837 00
51,074 68
$103,762 32
The Directors resolved to declare a dividend of three per cent, for the current
half year, and instructed the General Manager to give the usual notice to the
Shareholders.
(Signed,) F. Hincks, President.
The Capital was then said to be intact of $3,465,910 00
And Rest of 245,723 33
Altogether $3.7".633 33
29M October, 1877.
The General Manager laid before the meeting the following estimate of Profits
for the half year ending loth November, 1877.
;. ,•,.'. Estimate of Profits. , ; ;•, ;,
Gross Profits to loth November, 1877 $332,790 87
Deduct- Accrued Interest Paid $24,405 68
" Reserved Interest 68,43763
«' Expenses 89,89443
182,737 74
$150,053 13
8
Deduct — Losses for current 6 months $ 9,294 5 1
/4(/— Balance at Credit of Profit and Loss, loth May, 1877
140,758 62
>3.7^3 33
154,481 95
Deduct — Proportion of Old Losses not sufficiently provided for
($34,370 83), say two-thirds 22,913 89
$131,56806
The Directors resolved to declare a dividend of three and a half per cent.
($121,315 18) for the current half year, and instructed the General Manager to
give the usual notice to the Shareholders.
(Signed,) F. Hincks, President.
At this time, when the Directors declared a dividend of three and a half per cent, for the
current half year, payable on ist December, 1877, they had borrowed from other Banks, at from
ii^i to 6 per cent, per annum, the large sum of $491,360. Besides which, the Bank held large
amounts of very doubtful paper, and had heavy overdrawn accounts of doubtful character.
22nd April, 1878.
PRESENT :
Hugh Mackay.
John Rankin.
Sir F. Hincks, President.
R.J. Reekie, Vice-President.
John Grant.
W. W. Ogilvie.
And the General Manager.
The General Manager laid before the meeting the following estimate of Profits
for half year ending loth May next.
Estimate of Profits.
Balance at Credit of Profit and Loss Account at loth Nov., 1877.. $14,341 87
Gross Profits for 6 months ending loth May, 1878 327,666 95
$342,008 82
Deduct — Interest accrued and paid in addition to
amount reserved loth Nov., 1877.. . $28,732 36
" Reserved Interest 66,805 34
•* Expenses of Management for 6 months. . . 83,830 35
Net Profit $162,640 77
Less 3 per cent, on $3,466,520 '03,995 60
58.645 17
Deduct Losses 53>242 64
Balance of Profit and Loss, say $5,402 53
179,368 05
$162,640 77
■A
9
The Directors resolved to declare a dividend of three per cent. ($104,020 60)
for the current half year, and instructed the General Manager to give the usual
notice to the Shareholders.
(Signed,) F. HiNCKS, President.
At this time, wHt the Directors declared a dividend of three per cent, per annum for the
current half-year, and before it was done — viz., on ist June, 1878 — they had borrowed from other
Banks, at from 5 to 6 per cent, per annum, the large sum of $488,597, in addition to the sum
previously reported of 8491,360 ; and on ist June, the day the dividend was payable, they borrowed
the further sum of $100,000, at 6 and 5 per cent, per annum.
2otk May, 1878.
PRESENT :
Sir F. Hincks, President.
R. J. Reekie, Vice-President.
John Grant.
W. W. Ogilvie.
Hugh Mackay.
John Rankin.
And the General Manager.
The General Manager submitted the following statement of Profit and Loss
Account.
The Consolidated Bank of Canada Profit and Loss Statement for
THE YEAR ENDED lOTH MaY, 1878.
Balance of ProHt and Loss Account, loth May, 1877 $13,723 33
Gross Profits for year ended loth May, 1878 665,976 55
Appropriated
Interest Paid $"8,937 77
Reserved Interest 63,653 25
Expenses 174,120 01
$679,699 88
35fi>7" 03
Dividend, 1st December, 1877 121,315 18
'* payable 1st June, 1878 104,020 60
Bad Debts $ 107,325 94
Less transferred from Suspense Profit
Account 19,466 66
87,859 28
' 669,906 og
iig9.793 79
Memorandum :
Expenses for year ended loth May, 1877 $ 188,544 97
Expenses for year ended loth May, 1878 $174, 120 o I
Less Expenses at St. Hyacinthe 2,360 48
171.759 53
Reduction ,
$16,782 44
(Signed,) F, Hincks, President.
The Capital wras then said to be intact of $31467,352 67
And Rest of 241,793 79
Altogether $3,709,146 46
10
2ijth October, 1 878.
PRESENT :
Sir F. Hincks, Presuient,
R. J. Reekie, Vice-President.
John Grant.
W. W. Ogilvie.
Hugh Mackay.
John Rankin.
And the General Manager.
The General Manager laid before the meeting the following estimate of Profits
for the half year ending loth Novemljer next :
Estimate.
Gross Profits to loth November, 1878 $34i> 148 78
Deduct — Accrued Interest paid $ ' 7> 539 64
Reserved Interest 95, 246 19
~ Expenses 86,85339 199,63922
Losses for current 6 months ,
141,509 56
17,34892
Add 1 24, 1 60 64
Balance of Profit and Loss, loth May, 1878 9>793 79
133.954 43
Deduct — Proportion of old Losses, not sufficiently provided for, say
one half ($45,465 31) 22,765 31
N
$111,189 12
Balance of Profit and Loss $ 1 1 1, 189 12
Less dividend on $3,468, 285 at 3 per cent 104,048 55
$ 7,140 S7
The Directors resolved to declare a dividend of 3 per cent. ($ 104, 145 30) for the
current half year, and instructed the General Manager to give the usual notice to
the Shareholders.
(Signed,) R. J. Reekie, Vice-President.
At this time, and before the dividend was paid which the Directors declared
at the Meeting of the Board on 24th October, 1878, they had borrowed from other
banks at from 5 per cent, to 7 per cent, per annum the large sum of $905,772
within the six months, in addition to the two sums of $491,360 and $488,597 pre-
viously reported, and the same day the dividend was due, viz. : 2nd December,
1878, they borrowed the further sum of $75,000 from the Stadacona Bank. In
addition to which, the amount of doubtful paper under discount, and overdrawn
accounts, continued to steadily increase. . -
11
2^h April, 1879.
PRESENT :
Sir F. Hincks, President.
John Grant.
W. W. Ogilvie.
Hugh Mackay.
John Rankin.
And the General Manager,
The Directors being unable to declare a dividend, the following Circular to the
Shareholders was adopted unanimously (see Circular to the Shareholders, dated
Montreal, 28'th April, 1879), in which Sir Francis Hincks, for the Directors, says :
" I regret to inform you that, owing to the serious losses which this Bank in
common with similar institutions has recently sustained, the Directors find them-
selves unable to declare a dividend for the current 6 months ; and I am further
directed to state that, after a careful examination and valuation of all the assets of
the Bank, including the business premises and securities for past due debts, in which
the shrinkage in value has been considerable, the Directors are of opinion that, in
the interest of the Shareholders, and with a view of securing an early resumption of
dividends, it will be expedient to reduce the capital stock of the Bank.
" The Directors will thereby be enabled to set aside a fund sufficient, not only
to meet all ascertained losses, and to provide for any that may occur in connec-
tion with current loans, but also to create an adequate rest.
(Signed,) F. Hincks, President.
It will be specially noticed by the Shareholders, that no estimate of profit and
loss was laid before the Board by the General Manager, as had invariably been the
case on previous occasions, or if laid before the meeting, it was not incorporated in
the minutes.
Why this was omitted it is impossible for us to say, but the question may be
asked, on what facts or statements did the Directors base their action in withhold-
ing a dividend ? We fear the facts were only too well known to them ; as from
this period, the descent towards ruin and bankruptcy was rapid.
$th May, 1879.
present : . !
R. J. Reekie, Vice-President.
John Grant.
John Rankin.
Hugh Mackay.
W. W, Ogilvie.
And the General Manager.
The Board authorized the presentation of a petition to the Legislature for leave-
to apply, by private bill, for a reduction of the capital to 66 2-3 per cent., and
they approved of the action of the President in proceeding to Ottawa to endeavor
to get such bill passed.
(Signed,) R. J. Reekie, Vice-President.
l()th May, 1879.
PRKSEVT •
OiK r . Hincks, President.
R. J. Reekie, Vice-President.
John Grant.
W. W. Ogilvie.
Hugh Mackay. ' ■ "
John Rankin.
And the General Manager.
, 12
The Annual Profit and Loss and General Statements were laid before the Meet-
ing, and ordered to be printed and sent to the Shareholders.
See Report of Annual General Meeting of 4th June, 1879.
Showing the Capital to be $3)47i>936 70
Less at Debit of Profit and Loss 450,892 1 7
Leaving $3,021,044 17
2nd June, 1879.
PRESENT :
Sir F. Hincks, Presidmt.
R. J. Reekie, Vke-Presuient,
John Grant.
W. W. Ogilvie.
John Rankin.
And the General Manager.
The Directors after due consideration of the affairs of the Bank were of opinion
that the maximum reduction of capital which it would be necessary to seek would
*^ 33K percent., but as it was deemed advisable by the Select Committee to
which the Bill was referred for consideration, in view of the continued depression
of business, to recommend a reduction of 40 per cent, instead of 33>^, they did not
deem it expedient to abandon the bill, and if it should receive, as they confidently
anticipate that it will, the sanction of the Shareholders, the surplus will be as
shown in the statement submitted herewith, $943,707 47.
15M July, 1879.
The following Circular was approved by the Board :
*' The Board of Directors of the Consolidated Bank feel it to be their duty to
respond to the numerous appeals on behalf of the Shareholders to acquaint them
at the earliest possible moment with the actual value of the assets of the Bank at
the present time, without entering into minute details, which it must be obvious
could not be published without detriment to the interests of the Shareholders.
The result of a careful investigation has been to satisfy the Directors that, after
making ample allowance for some heavy anticipated bad debts, the assets of the
Bank are good value for an atnount ranging from $1,250,000 ^(^ $ 1 , 500,000, ^r
from 60 to 75 per cent, of the present par value of the stock. The valuation has been
made with an earnest desire not to place an exaggerated value on the assets, and a
sufficient margin has been taken to cover possible unforeseen losses. The present
estimate is concurred in by the Acting General Manager and by all the Directors.
The large addition which has been made to the losses has been owing to what the
Board are now convinced was a very erroneous estimate made at the close of the
last year of the assets at the Head Office by the late General Manager.
Without entering at present into details, the publication of which might be
injurious to the interests ot the Shar«halHprs, the former Board of Directors main-
tain that they will at a proper time be able to exonerate tneuisci-oo &on. any
charge of mismanagemem.
(Signed,) F. Hincks, President.
.
13
iStk Jidy, 1879.
PRESENT :
Sir F. Hincks, President.
John Grant.
A. Robertson.
A. Saunders.
W. W. Or.iLViE.
Having been requested to receive a deputation from some of the Montreal
Shareholders to discuss the position of the Bank, a deputation, consisting of
Messrs. J. H. Joseph, E. Bond and Rev. Mr. Green, was received and heard. A
statement shewing the estimate of losses sustained by the Bank was submitted to
them, which was as follows :
Montreal, 18M July, 1879.
The President and Directors of the Consolidated Bank, Montreal.
Gentlemen, — I beg to state the result of investigation into the accounts of
this Bank.
The reduced Capital amounts to $2,080,000
Add balance of present Contingent Account 943,000
$3,023,000
From til is has to be deducted for bad and doubtful
debts $ 1,420,000
B.ilance to Contingent Account 253,000 1,673,000
Leaving a surplus or Capital of 1,350,000
In addition to the Contingent Account of 253,000
It is proper that I should remark that the foregoing valuations are based on
estimates of the assets of the Bank made by three parties acting independently,
two of whom are the new Directors, Messrs, Robertson and Saunders, and in
which I myself concur. The result being that the actual assets of the Bank are
equal to nearly 65 per cent, on the reduced capital.
Yours respectfully,
(Signed,) Arch. Campbell, Acting General Manager.
(Signed,) Approved, F. Hincks, President.
1st August, 1879.
present :
Sir F. Hincks. John Grant.
R. J. Reekie.
The Acting General Manager reported to the Board that, after consulting with
the President and such of the Directors as he was able to see yesterday, he had
decided to abandon the attempt to continue cash payments of the liabilities of the
Bank.
The various statements made by the Directors from time to time of the value of
the assets, and which we have carefully given to show the downward progress, have
been found entirely incorrect and illusory, notwithstanding the declaration on 2nd
u
June, 1879, made after " ducconsidemlmt ; " the statement of 15th July, 1879, " the
result of a careful investigation," and the letter of iWi July, 1879, stating that
" the foregoing valuations are based on estimates of the assets of the Bank made by
three parties acting independently y
The last, and probably the only, reliable estimate yet obtained is
that furnished by the Acting General Manager, under date of 28th
May, 1880, showing the Liabilities to be $474 i;8l qi
■^^sets 1,063,578 52
Leaving a probable surplus of $588,996 61
Taking the Capital and Reserve with which the Bank commenced
business on loth May, 1876 $3,724,874 17
And deducting the above probable surplus of 588,096 61
The total loss in less than four years is $3,13'; 877 56
This enormous loss has arisen from bad debts made at the Branches and
the Head Office, and may be classified as follows :
I At St. Catharines .... 105,400
" Wingham 1,416
" Berlin 178
'• New Market 12,347
" Norwich 804
" Woodstock 200
" Toronto 5^1,373
At Belleville $52,946
" Chatham 32,496
" Clinton 233
■"Gait 1,525
" Hamilton 124,858
" New Hamburg... 1,366
*' St. Hyacinthe .... 600
*' Seaforth 115,431
« Sherbrooke..,. .. 33,445 $1,044,618
The losses at Montreal were so numerous that we shall classify
them in different sums, only giving the names of a few of the more
remarkable accounts, which are now historically known in connection
with this unfortunate Bank.
In sums of and under $1,000 $14,453
" " over $1,000 and under $2,000 ",647
" 3,000 26,355
" 4.000 18,658
S.oop 31.234
" 6,000 15,884
" 7.000 6,673
" 9,000 8,500
" 11,000 58,946
2,000
3,000
4,000
5.000
6,000
8,000
9,000
Ascher 6^ Co $501,850
Beattie H. cSr" Co 94,849
Cowpar, George 20, 1 14
Gushing 6- Co.,C. Gushing, L. Gushing &»
Son 65,080
$192,350
15
Davidson Bros, df Co $64,221
S. Davis &^ Co., in liq 23,000
Fish, Shepherd (Sr' Co 120.355
B . F'urniss dr" Co 146, 242
R. )'orsyth 38,000
W.Head 48,518
M. Kortosk dr- Co 82,885 ,
Mulhol land dr^ Baker 146,876
T. F. O'Brien 141,840
W.H. Riley 65,000
William Rhind 15,000
Shultze, Reinhardt dr» Co 26,283
$1,600,113
Sundries, y'lz. :
Interest suspense account '9)467
Bank Premises 25 ,000
Loss on Mechanics and forged notes 2,253
R. C. Bank, Old P.D.B 16,086
H. dr»B. Mortgage 17,000
Harvey Hill Property 59-742
Loss on Corn, Cowpar 52,000
191.548
Loss on Syndicates 65,091
Expenses, Interest, dr'c, say 42,157
2,091,259
Totalloss $3,135,877
We have thus given at great length, but not, we think, without
advantage to the clear understanding of the affairs of the Bank, full
statements of the opinions of the Directors as to the value of the as-
sets, estimates of profit and loss, and management of the business,
from the time of the amalgamation of the City and Royal Canadian
Banks on loth May, 1876, together with statement of losses. We shall
now proceed to show the manner in which the business was conduct-
ed, and the means at the command of the Directors for ascertaining
and becoming thoroughly acquainted with the true and real condition
of the Bank.
We have their own statements, through their mouth-piece, Sir .
Francis Hincks, in which they have informed the Shareholders that
they were systematically deceived by Mr. Renny, the late General
Manager of the Bank. Thus on 7M July, 1879, in a minute of the
Board, Sir Francis Hincks says : " But without going into details,
" I simply wish to place on record that to Mr. Renny's systematic
" concealment from the President and Directors of his operations is to
16
** be attributed those losses which he admits in his letter to be
" inevitable."
And again, in a n-inute of i6//; SepU'.mber, 1879, he says : "■ The
" liability ledgers which were from Ume to time examined by the
'' Board, and from which the scatcmentb of liabilities were made,
" were so kept as to render it impossible for the iJoard to form any
" idea as to the aggregate liability of the customers."
We can only state, that we have carefully examined the Liability
Ledgers, and have found that they were correctly kept, exhibiting the
various accounts in a perfectly businesslike manner, giving details of
bills discounted from day to day, and showing the balance under
discount of each account.
We have found no ledger for liabilities of sterling bills of exchange
purchased, but the amount running, which was not large at any time,
could easily have been seen by referring to the " Bills of Exchange
Purchased Register."
The same may be said of overdrawn accounts, the deposit
ledgers clearly show the balance of each account from day to-day,
and the Directors had only to refer to the ledger keeper, or to the
book itself, to discover the exact state of each customer's balance.
Having thus made a general statement on these points, based on an
examination of the books of the Bank, we shall now give in detail a
full and clear account of the manner in which the
Discount of Bills
was carried on, and the knowledge which the Directors could not fail
to possess of the liability of each person doing business with the
Bank.
The details of the discount operations of the Bank would be very
tedious. We therefore do not publish the lists, by which the know-
ledge of the Directors of every bill discounted is unquestionably
established. Those lists are, however, at the service of the Share-
holders, and can be examined at leisure.
On each Board day, and the Directors almost invariably met
twice a week, a minute was passed confirming the minutes of the
previous day, and approving of all bills discounted since the previous
Board day; the amount being stated at every meeting, as will be seen
from the list which we have taken from the minutes, said minutes
being signed by the President.
In addition to this, a book was laid before the Board, containing
a list of persons to whom discounts had been granted, with the
17
le
amount so discounted, and this book was also signed by the
President; and, in his own handwriting, lie entered the names of the
other Directors present after his own signature.
We have carefully compared these lists with the minutes, and have
found them ];erfcctly correct and to correspond exactly in all cases,
except in a few instances which we have noticed, explaining the
cause of the slight mistakes.
These trifling differences are, however, of no consequence what-
ever, and are mentioned merely that nothing should be passed over
or be taken for granted.
These lists fill eight long pages, we therefore give the following
summary of them :
At 4 meetings, the Minute Book was omitted to be signed.
" 299 do do do signed by Sir F. Hincks, Pt.
" 27 do do do R. J. Reekie, V. Pt.
" 2 do do do do John Grant.
"18 do do do do John Rankin, Pt.
350 meetings altogether.
At which bills were passed amounting to nearly twenty millions
of dollars (^$20, 000, 000). Such facts prove that the President and
the Directors undoubtedly had the means of knowing, from week to
week, and month to month, that large amounts of discounts were
granted to many of the weak customers of the Bank. But, if
further proof be desired, we can point to the following state-
ment compiled from the " Bills Presented for Discount Book " (which,
as already stated, was regularly laid before the Board) to show the
names and amounts granted to a few firms and persons whose names
are unfortunately too well known from their connection with the
Bank, and the heavy losses sustained by the Shareholders in con-
sequence thereof.
In giving these names and amounts of discounts we do not wish to
reflect in any way whatever on the parties receiving the accommoda-
tion, but it is for the Shareholders to consider whether or not the
President and Directors were justified in granting such enormous
discounts.
It must be remembered, too, that these discounts were in addition
to heavy overdrawn amounts, to which we shall presently allude and
discuss.
18
Discounts to t/ie /onowini^ Customers from ^oth May, 1876. to t^ist
December. 1879. exclusive 0/ Overdrawn Accounts and Sterling Bills
of lixchange purchased.
Ascht'r6-Co $1,172,000
H. Ik-attie 6- Co 1,177,000
Cuslimg iSr" Co., C. Ciishint, ""'' L. Cushing iSr' Son 605,000
Davidson Uios, dr* Co 287,000
S. iJavis (Sr- Co. in liq ' ' a^o'ooo
B. I' urniss ^^^ Co. 160,000
Fish. Sheplierd dr- (.lo 781,000
W. Head 748,000
M. Kortosk 6- Co 844,000
Mulholland vS^" 15aker g(j 1,000
T. F. U'Hrien ;' 72,000
W.H.Riley 294,000
$7.33 '»ooo
The loss to tlie Bank, resulting from these twelve accounts, has
been one million five hundred thousand seven hundred and sixteen
dollars ($1,500,716).
\Vhile on the subject of losses we may refer to the following
minute of the Board, by which, or through previous entanglements,
the Bank lost a very large sum of money.
2%th March, 1878.
I'RESEN r :
Sir Francis Hincks, President.
R. J. Rkekie, Vice-JFresident.
John Grant.
W. W. Ogilvie.
Hi)Gir Mackay.
John Rankin.
And the Generai, Manacer.
" Whereas Robert James Reekie has. at the request of the Bank, and upon its
promise of indemnity, become one of the Syndicate mentioned in the projectors of
the Credit Valley Railway Company, and as such has become Lable for j^20,ooo
stg., which liability he has incurred as aforesaid for the purpose of enhancing the
value of the Bonds of the said Company held by the IJank : It is hereby resolved
that the Bank will hold harmless and keep indemnified the said R. J. Reekie
from all loss or damage which may be sustained by him in consequence of his
having become one of the said Syndicate, and of his having assumed the liability
aforesaid, and the President and General Manager are hereby authorized and
required to execute under seal of the Bank, and deliver to Mr. Reekie; any
writing which may be required to carry this resolution into effect as between him
and the Bank.
' ' (Signed,) Y. Hincks, President."
The amount of loss written off, and included in the amount of
bad debts at Toronto, In re " Credit Valley Railway Co.," was
$106,451 83, in addition to which there is a further sum of $i7;48o 47
in name of George Laidlaw, who we understood was, and is, the
President of the Company, We find that in list of overdrawn
accounts at 28th May, 1880, " The Credit Valley Railway Syndicate
If)
1-ed
ae
of
as
47
he
account" stands at $63,592 02. It surely becomes tlie duty of the
Liquid. itors of the Bank to look int(j matters of this kind, and
endeavor to recover a portion, .it all events, of such vast losses,
either from the Railway Company, or from its President on private
account ; and we cannot avoid remarking, that we consider it
extremely doubtful whether or not the Directors were authorized to
name one of their number as a member of such a Syndicate. It
seems to us beyond their power, and that in doing so they have
incurred a personal liability for all losses which have been sustained
in conseciuence of their illegal act.
We must again refer to Sir Francis Hincks' famous minute of the
7th July, 1H79, in which he expresses astonishment at the " overdrawn
accounts!' We fiuote his own words :
" I found to my ama/.eniL'nt tli.it the overdiawn accounts in Montreal
••amounted to no less than $615,702 44, and I required a statement of these
" accounts, which when obtained made it clear to my mind that there h.ad been
" systematic concealment of most important transactions from the I3oard of
" Directors."
We can only ask the Shareholders to contrast this opinion of Sir
Francis Hincks with the reality, as proved by the books.
We carefully examined the Deposit Ledgers., as we have already
stated, and found that they have been kept with perfect exactness,
every overdraft being entered, and the b. vs regularly posted and
written up daily. They were open to the Directors at all times, as
they have been to us, and would at any moment, on examination.,
have shown the exact condition of the customers' accounts.
In proof of this, we made a tabular statement, which we think
imnecessary to publish, but which can be seen by any of the Share-
holders, of eleven of the most celebrated overdrawn accounts of the
Bank taken as to date almost at random, that is, we fixed on dates
running through the years 1876, 1877, 1878 and 1879 for the first
account examined, and then took down the balances of all the other
ten accounts on the same days throughout that period, thus prevent-
ing the possibility of any inflated statement.
These accotmts were Ascher & Co., H. Beattie & Co., George
Cowper, Davidson Bros. & Co., S. Davis & Co. in liq., B. Furniss
& Co., Fish, Shepherd & Co., R. Forsyth, W. Head, T. F. O'Brien,
W
H. Riley.
And the average amount overdrawn was during
1876 $iSo>o59
1877 238,766
i«78 $522,585
1879 493>042
In addition to these accounts, which are sufficient, however, for
our purpose, there were many others overdrawn for considerable
20
sums, which, if given, would have added considerably to the balance.
From this statement of
OVKRDRAWN ACCOUNTS
it will be- perceived that the system of heavy overdrafts was the
normal condition of the IJank, and should have created no
'■^amazement'' in the mind of Sir Francis Hincks, as it must have
been in operation previous to amalgamation, and doubtless must
have been known to himself and the Directors when arranging the
terms of union between the City Bank of Montreal and Royal
Canadian Bank of Toronto.
Besides which the Directors had weekly or monthly returns from
the Ikanches before them, with a printed form for " Deposit Accounts
Oi'cniiinun,'' giving date, name, amount, and a column for •' remarks,"
with this heading, (" State what Security held'').
They must therefore have been aware that if such overdrafts
were common at the Branches, they must also have existed at the
Head ( )ftice in Montreal, where the business was as heavy, probably,
as that of all the Branches together.
]k' this as at may, there is evidence sufficient that during 1876, 1877,
1878 and 1879 very large advances were made and permitted on over-
drawn accounts, and that no concealment was even attempted, but the
books at Montreal.and returns from the Branches, were open at all times
to the examination and inspection of the President and the Directors.
We may now refer to the "■ systematic "
BORROWING FROM OTHER BANKS.
We noticed that very large balances were left with the Bank on de.
posit, in current accounts, at interest of from 5 to 6 per cent, per annum,
averaging several hundred thousand dollars. Even this vicious practice
of giving very high rates for deposits may be overlooked, but there can
be no excuse for the course adopted by the Directors, of borrowing at
ruinous rates from the other Banks, and placing the amounts so bor-
rowed among the ordinary deposits of the Bank, thus grossly deceiving
the Shareiiolders and the public as to the real condition of the Bank,
Another exceedingly objectionable practice was purchasing sterling
bills from other Banks, and re-selling the amounts in the Montreal
market at a loss, clearly proving that the Consolidated Bank was in
difficulty early in 1877, and that the Directors were not justified in de-
claring and paying a dividend of 31^ percent, on ist December, 1877.
The following statement, giving particulars of Money Borrowed
from other Banks, and entered as deposits, will no doubt occasion
considerable surprise, when the amount is known to have exceeded
four millions of dollars during the space of about two years.
21
Date.
.877.
May 13
June 8
" 8
Ag. 14
" 99
Spt. as
Oct. 30
N'v. 29
.878. I
Jan. a
a" ■•
Ap. 13
" »7
" >5
" 30
May 39
June I
" I
" M
" 34
Ag. 13
" 14
" 34
Spt. 33
" 34
" 34
Oct. 9
" 9
" 19
" 24
" 34
Name of llnnk lending.
53 Hank of Montreal
54 t.':ui;iitlaM l);inl( of (.'omm., £io,oooM^.
Ilfoiiuht at I) ^k and xoM at 9 9-i6ctx . . .
fi,vCan;»lian IjU^ of Coinin. . j 7,5 ^^ „g
HoukIu at o'ii and sold at i)}i p. c
7'
73
80
Canadian ftank of Comm., /|io,ooo »tg.
Hon>{l>t at H y-i6
C'anailian Hank of Comm., XiiO|Ooo «tg.
Hou^lit at X% and sold at 8 7-32
Canadian Hank of Coinni., /lo.ooostg.
IHoiiMit at ^^^, sold at 8 1-4
89 Hank of Montreal
93 R. et J. Moat
(1
ft
14
15
Dec.
a
((
3
i(
3
((
18
(1
19
3^
€4
1879
30
|an.
10
f <
II
r*
II
t(
32
it
38
tt
V
Feb.
18
*<
31
((
((
25
38
ft
28
1 t
28
(t
28
May
4<
I
I
l<
20
105
107
•37
^Mi
141
144
150
1 5'^
>53
16,,
184
.85
1 89
'..ilO
213
213
334
225
232
234
235
348
250
262
263
264
270
371
273
274
381
383
383
Do
Do to order Quebec Hank . . .
The Stadacona Hank
Do do
Canadian l!k of Comm., ^in.ooo stg.. .
Hank of Hritish North America
I'he Stadacona Hank
R. el J. Moat, to order Ouebec Bank..
"Do
Hank of H. N. America, ^37,600 stg,
9 1-8 p. c
City of I'oronto Honds deposit a.s
Canadian Hank Comm., j((|io,ooo stg. . .
Do jjio.ooo stK. . .
HouKht at op. c., sold at 8%
Hank of H.N. Amer'ca
Canadian Hank of Comm., /Iio,ooo stg.
Hank of H. N. America
K. CI J. Moat
Do to order of Quebec Bank.
Do
Do
Do
Canadian
Do
to order East. Town. Bk.
Bk. of Comm. } ,
t X 10,000 stg.
HouRht at 8)^ p. c. , sold at 8^ to 8;^ . .
Canadian Hank of Commerce
Hank of Montreal, ;{|2o,ooo stg
k. it J. Moat
The Stadacona Bank
Do
Do
Rank of B. N. America ;{^37,6oo stg.
9 1-8 p. c
R. Ct J. Moat to order Quebec Bank. .
Do
Bank of B. N. America
Do
Hank of Montreal .
R. a J. Moat....
Do
5P. c. ■■ ■•
6 p. c. 3 months' notice
5 p. c. 10 days' notice
c. 30 days' notice
c. and k4 commission
3 months CI 15 days' notice.
c. 30 days' notice
at call
sHp.
9H P-
5 PC.
5J4 p.
6 p. c.
5 p. c.
286 Bk. of Men., ;^25,ooo stg., 10 p. c.dt^
28S
293
295
296
299
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
300; R. 61 J. Moat to order East. Township.
301 Bank of Montreal
302! Do
313
314
319
Do
Do
Do
Rate of interest and how payable.
5 p. c. on 30 days' notice. .
454 p. e. 3 months' notice'.
loSK I- 16 p. c.
i^A p. c. 3 monthx' notice. .
:»Kp. c. 4 " " ••
OSS 1-4 p. c.
4H P' c. 3 months' notice, .
4K P- c. 3 months' notice.
loss 1-32.
4^ P' c. 3 months' notice,
loss 1-4 p. c.
6 p. c. at call
6p. c. " "
6 p. c. 6 months . . . .<
security for this loan.
9 3-8 and 54 P- c. commission. . . .
5 p. c. 3 months
loss 1-8 p. c.
3 p. c. 3 months, 15