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C/a^^ t QJUJL 
 
 IT7 
 
 CAISr^DA 
 
 Le S6mmaire de Qu*b«}i 
 3, rue de l'Univer8it4, 
 Quebec 4. QUE. 
 
 SPECIAL AFFENIJIX "A" 
 
 TO 
 
 REPORT OF MlNFftTRR OF PUBLIC WORKS 
 
 FISCAL YKAlt 18G7-08 
 
 REPORT BY THE CHIEF ENGINEER 
 
 ON THE 
 
 " DENISON HYDEOGEAPH " 
 
 PUT UP ON 
 
 I'S 
 
 '0 Wllinr UflK'TPDM CMTDIMPU TAHAV" 
 
 ) 
 
 \\\ 
 
 MAI?", 1898 
 
 OTTAWA \ 
 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING BUREAU 
 
 1898 ''''<nn\tfs 
 
CANADA 
 
 SPECIAL APPENDIX "A 
 
 r '« A " 
 
 TO 
 
 REPORT OF MINISTER OF PUBLIC WORKS 
 
 roB 
 
 FISC^VL YKA.It 1807-08 
 
 REPORT BY THE CHIEF ENGINEER 
 
 ON THE 
 
 «( 
 
 DENISON HYDROGEAPH " 
 
 PUT UP ON 
 
 mw 
 
 m 
 
 
 MAY, 1898 
 
 OTTAWA 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING BUREAU 
 
 1898 
 
REPORT OX THK ''DKNISON IIYDHOcJRAPir' PUT UP ONQIJKBN'S 
 VVIIAKF, TOUONTO HAKHOUU IN MAY, 18!H, 
 
 Dei'Artmknt Df Pvnuc Workh ov Canada. 
 
 Cauuv ENtHNEKtt'a OfPioB, OTTAWA, 2n(l Aiigant, 1898. 
 
 B. P. E. Roy, Enq., 
 
 Si'oretury, Dopiirtmont of Public Works. 
 
 Sin, — I have the hommi' to tninHmit herowith » ootnmunicution from Mr. 
 Nupiof DoniHon, of iho Moteoroloji^ical Herviro orCaniuiu, <lute<l HOlh July, 1898, 
 relutivo t<» th« now hydro^r.iph lioviwod by him, which hiiH boon put up at tho wo8t> 
 ern entrance to Toronto luiiboui-, for tho uho of thi^ Dopartinont. 
 
 Mr. i)oniHoii'H in^onioun, Holf-ie;u'iKtorin/^ iako j;aiijjo, or liydroijraph, in oalon* 
 iatod to bo of much hi'rvico both for navigation and moteorologicul purpoHoa. 
 
 A similar instruinoiit huH just been completed to bo inHtallod at the Kingston 
 Graving Dock, and it in very doMirablo that a few more Huch automatic gaugoa be 
 put up at other important pointH on tho Groat Lal<^^eH aa Hoon an practicable. 
 
 I would recommend that Mr. DoniBon's interoBting communication, incluHive of 
 illuHtrutions, bo printed in exlonso as an appendix to tho official report of tho 
 Department for the fiscal year ended 30th June, 1898. 
 
 I am, air, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 R. STECKEL, 
 for Chief Engineer. 
 
f 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
I 
 
 Toronto, SOth July, IMi. 
 
 Tho VMM Kn«ineor, 
 
 l'iil)li<' WorUM hopKriiiioiit, Otlttwu, 
 
 Sir, — I h«V() thu hotidur to proMoiit a drawing (In. 1) autt (Jtmoi'ip'lon ofa new 
 b3'<li'Of(i'U|i'i rt'conlly (IuvIhoiI by me, tunl acting tmdor your Uireotion net up nf tho 
 WOH. jrn i>ntr»iK'u chniinel of Toronto htirhoiir, 
 
 A in tho roconlinK cylindor 2 foot in leiii^th by 24 Inchon in oirciunferi'iiue, 
 which by tncHMM of th« cincii AcoinplutuK ono revolati(»n ovory 24 hour-*; ^ ami C 
 VI tho Hlitiiiiiu'iiH upon which thu cylindur iovoIvch. D iind I)' not oidy curry the 
 Hinail puiloyB A' luid A'', hut form tho torminnlii for tl.u hori/,onl)il nicl<ol plutel 
 l^uidu hhI F and another Nimilar and piiiallel rod iminodiikloly l)ohind it. Thone 
 rodf* t'orni h truclt Jor j^uidin^ tho ciirriaj^o (I, on whicli thu Molt'-rocordiu^ (ton // ih 
 mountod. Tliu potihnjdcr ih plvotud ho tliai it muy bo tlirowii baol{ Itom the cylinder 
 wiioii ciiaii^iii^ tlio rucorditi^ nheut. Tlio flout / \h pluccd in a Hhafl composed of 
 two concentric fxirtH, viz, : un outer nquaro box of 2 inch piutikiii'^ mousuriii/^ about 
 12 i»y 12 iiichoH iiiMJilc, pori'orated with a number of uu;^or holc^* iiour tlio J/ottorn 
 which in doist'd, and un inner cylindricul (^alvaMizod iron tube A', lOinchof* diameter 
 inNido, uIho cItMud ut bottom, v/hich huH only u fow Hmall holoH near itu lower 
 extremity. 
 
 TliiH oompoHito Hhaft tvan Hiiiik 
 whtii'o the inHtrumunt huH bucn ii .. 
 drawn out und cloanod, Hhouid th 
 portion ol the outor box is uttti.liv 
 shown at J, whilo the upper porth 
 HOttiing ot tho upper oribwork from diniit 
 
 jiy oiitHido tho Htorm Hignul house 
 
 pormitH of tho inner tube A' being 
 
 iroH become chokod. The lower 
 
 •) lower timborH ot the whatf, un 
 
 to provonl any poHHiblo future 
 
 The movement of tho float is trunHinittod to tho recording nhoot in tlio following 
 mannc" : — 
 
 A cord of flno twisted brass wire pasHos from float I ovoi pulley L to and 
 several times around pulley M, and in attached to tho onter grooved circumference 
 of this pulley. At the Hinallor gtooved circumference of tho same pulley i^ altachod 
 a Himilar flexible metallic; cord which puKNOH over puMey E through tho centre of 
 tho carriage O, and then over pulley iS' to tho counter weight N. 
 
 f ho ratio of the motion of the pen to that of the float is as I to •'«. Tho horizontal 
 linos upon the rocordingshoet represent heightn in foot and tenths of a foot, and the 
 heavy, medium and tino /ortical lines indicate hourn, hulf-hourfi and quarter hours 
 respectively. As tho circumference of tho cylindor measures 24 inches, an inch upon 
 the sheet corresponds to one hour in time. To correctly sot the instrument, it is 
 only necessary to move tho carriage G alon, the flexible wire until the recording 
 pen has roauhed the required uuiuber of feet au 1 tenihi of u foot above the provioasly 
 
 I 
 
det«rtnino<J ti»tuut, tb«o ttrmlj attaoh ih« oiirri«|(« Q to tbu wire bjr niMnft of tb* 
 Mt loraw O, 
 
 To libanK* th« racor>iiii^ thuol, thv |h)ii // in thrc»wn Imok, th« c^m J«r 
 Innluilinjj fricUon K*'**'' '* j>!nc«'l H|M>n a li»bl«, th«» »s!(| !»he«i t«kc« ofT by raiakotf 
 two xpoiM*! Hpi'lnK oIlpN Mt oithcr «ni| oC tho cylinilur, niMl a rittw iilio«)t vulwtltutvil 
 itnd iiolil tlirnly in plaoo hy m«nim ol thoMo olipi*. At'tt«r (h«t oylin<l<u- Ih nt^aiti in 
 propor puHttion, it U uiiNily Miit In ihu .'orrecl i,liM-k tlnut by iuriilnj< milil tho 
 p«)int of thtj p«*i) ugi-«OM with thli tiino n* whnwn upon tho ithuot. 'I'hiM vni\ bo 
 Mo>t/npliMh«<<| wiihimt injm. ^ the clock, tor, wbvn pn)|ittrly Hiljinttml, the MOck»( 
 jP mo hlH ov«r Um «)tii| ol tbt' nhnfl w* to pormit oC tho flylirxiur bi'in>< o«»«ily mov(t<| 
 by hiiiiil, but biixlit nufBi-ionlly to j)rov«iit Nlippiii^ tlurin« thu tiorrnul rnovornont 
 i{eii«)i'iito<i by tho clock. A MUt or clamp hciow hnit, howuvor, Imoii H(1>Io<I, ho Mint a 
 porfoct (joiincction betwvon olovk •uitl cylliidor inuy bo readily onnurocl iit nil llmo*. 
 
 Tho trncoH from thJH hydroji^nipli ii(»t only furnish ii continaoin* rooorri of tbo 
 Iiydnuilii- viirimion« of tho (Jrcui Lukon, whitsh iM of primary importnnco to yr»ur 
 l)op»rimcnt, but alHovvill provo of >(roiit Moiotitiflo value by (bimoiiKtnii.ii;^' tlio oxint« 
 encn of iiiimoroisM rapid KtMi'-lmy tlucluiitioii* in tlm wator level on ilnmci lukon, or 
 short undulatioi'H of varioUH formn Hinn.'nr to tho«e which have boon ftudioil upon 
 tho SwJHH LnkoH, wliore thoy Imvc boon termed "HoidieH." Tbo writer bax mtide 
 a tarofiil Mtudy of iIkimo undulatioiiH, an dorivoil fr«»m ••ecordu allonlcd by u 
 combined lake level and l)aioin«>tric ro^iNtorin^' in'tiiunent termed a hydro 
 tteroKraph, which wur, net up at the m< uth of ilio llumbor liivor liiat July for tbe 
 Cnnailian Meteorological Hprvice,*^ from which ho ban deduced the exiftonce of:— 
 
 1. A lon^'itudinal and u tranHvorHc ''Seiche" of about 4 Iioui-m pluH 45 minute«i 
 and 4'i mimitoMdnialioii, roHpoctlvely, due toabnoniiil differencogin the atmoMphorio 
 proHHurcH which obtnin at the extreinltioM and on opponito »horo« of ihe lake. 
 
 2. Shotler undulatloi.H after the pa8K;i,'e of a wave of conHidorablo amplitude, 
 duo to tho <lirect action upon the Murface of tho water by atmo»plicric wavuM, which 
 •vre known to oxht before and during tho paHnago of bovoio HtoiinM, including 
 thunderHlorma. 
 
 'A. A meanurablo lunar and Holar tide. 
 
 Although the inHtrun^ont above dcBcribed has only been in operation sinoo hiHt 
 May, many inloroHMng typoH of undulationH have been obtained. On illuntration 
 II, ftppondetl hereto, three variotien of fuch undulationH or OHcillations rogiatered 
 during ditlurent weather oonditionw, are Hhown. 
 
 The record of tho ll»th of May illuHtrates tho very groat nnd rapid oscillntions 
 set up by tbe paHwigo of a thunderHtorm. Upon tho oxtromo loft a phenomenal rise 
 of 1-06 feet in Iohs than 5 minutoH, Ih rogiHtered, which is followed 20 minutos later 
 by a fall of 1*08 feet in 4 minutes. Tho /otched and complex appearance of tho 
 latter portion of the trace appoaiH to be duo to intorferenccH of tho larger undulations 
 
 * Fully (IfMcriWd in a iia|i*T read bcfort' tlie Torrinto meeting of the Britiflh Ansociation, .'iititlt'd 
 "Thu Uifut Lakes ax a MenHitive Baromete.-," hy thi writer. 
 
M fhey tr«v««! from oi»« «ido of tha Uki* to th« other Siinilrtr»hnf>rmii: un.io» aionn 
 h»v<« fr«.jiiently iwm olM«rv«.) iipo'i lAko Kfi«, wbou^ th«y h«v« b* .• f«lMly t«rro«U 
 *' tidiil wnvoM." 
 
 Th« uilBfm'-linio liih^mrn tak«n from th« tr«u« obuiiuxi n the .HUt of IIkjt, 
 r«prw«titii N moJtti-Btely (ii«liirb«<l reoorti .luring n falling barometer, !n •dvaooe of 
 •II npproHchiiiK Hfonof low hnromotcr from lh« north-we«t, Near the h«»rinniiig 
 •n<l an houi end n .'mlC from th«» eml will he ii«en tthn..rm«l movemwntH of tlin pen, 
 'Imt to lliM pHiuin»(o ol auetnoiH. An noon iw iin ippioii.'biiiK v«niiei oomiw wUhlii the 
 pitre, nlthouKb »toT«ri«l buni!re«l y»r.lii .li^tiint, the pofi riiiuN rapidly until the veH«el 
 U oppowitfl t\u\ inntnimnnt »n(l linn fnlix mh wuddonly, otien >»bowin>{, m in the 
 former cuhj, u iumj^c of -'i of ii foot. Thin notion in iiNiinlly follow.-d by n trnnMVorM 
 OHOilluMf)?! of llu) writer in th« <liHnn«l, luMtin^ from ft to 10 minutoe. 
 
 Tbo abnormally .|.iiot iruoo, tiiken from the roconl cf the 2fttb of May, wm 
 ■floiirud v.urinju: Anu Holllod woiilbur when the bttromelor whm high throughout (be 
 Uko rv^lon. 
 
 Hoping thin inr.uument 'ind a Himilar one junt oomploltxl tor Kingnlon may 
 meet with your approval, nnd that their introduction miiy leal to the inatallation of 
 othorH upon the ' ;'per Lukoh, 
 
 I Iiavo the honour to be, Sir, 
 
 Your obedient nerv i 
 
 F. NAIMKH DKNI.SON, 
 
 Mttttorolo'jical Service of Canada, 
 
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