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Un dee symbolee suivants apparaltra sur la dernlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — *> signifie "A SUIVRE ". le symbols V signifie "FIN ". Maps, plates, charts, etc., mey be filmed at different reduction ratios. Thoae too large to be entirely included in one expoaure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frar.as ss required. The following diegrams iliuatrate the method: Lea cartee, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre fllmAs A dee taux de rAduction diff Arents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul ciichA, il est filmA A partir de I'angle aupArieur gauche, de gauche A droite. et de heut en bee, en prenant le nombre d'imagee nAcesseire. Les diagrammes suivsnts illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 e EMIGR .w-.-*... APPE REP Of Lieutenant C ON THE S EMIGR ;ii (N- 109. /I. f. ^fs. Onlertd, hjf llie House ol 1 7 Marc 348. EMIGRATION. APPENDIX TO ^ REPORT Of Lieutenant Colonel Cochhurn^ ON THE SUBJECT OF EMIGRATION. (N» 109. 10 iNIarch.) Ortleml, Ity Itie House of Coiniuoiis, tu lit Printed^ 17 March 1828. ^ 148. 1^1^*14^, EXiKjRA riON. ■ FURTHER RETURN to ni. Address olthe Fonourable The House of Commons, dated 4th .March i8j8 ;— ;/«ir Copy ol' the REPORT, laid before the Colonial Department by Lieut. Colonel Cockburn, on tlic sui)ject of Immigration ; toj;ether with the Instructions received from that Departiiient on ^(i January 1827: — viz, ' Appendix to Colonel Cockburn's Report*. Colonial Departnienl,1 Downing-Strcet, 14th March 1848. j V. LEVESON GOWER. •No. 109. Ordered to be printed \o March. Ordered, hi/ The House (if Coiinnons, In In- i'nnled, 17 March l8a8. CONTENTS OF APPENDIX. NOV.\ SCOTIA. ■^A.) — No. I. — KXTIl AC'I'.S (Voiii the Letter and General Infonnation Biiuk of C. Morris, « l'v|. Surveyiir General of Nova Scotia; and from a letter of J. Spry Mums, Esq. Assistant Surveyor General in the same Province No. '.■ — Copy of a Letter from Peter Crerar, Diputy Land Surveyor to John Spry Si orris, Em]. ------.-... Ki'tuni iif (jranted Lands uii»eltled in the District of Pictou ni 1827 No. ;| — Letter fimn W. Taylor, Esq. to the HonouraMc C. Morris Letter irom \V. 'layior, Esq ti» Liouleoant Colonel Cockburn No. 4. — l.xlrait from Culonel Coekhuru'i Cieneral Uiuiark Book, containnig the Statement of Mr. .Miller NEW BlUNSWICK. ("•/—No- !•— Extract Irom a Letter addressed to Lieutenant Colonel Cockburn hv A W'ed- dcrliuin, Es(|. Dated Siimt .lohn's. New Urunswick, 1st May 1827. — With Kncldsures ....--...., No. 9. — Extract from a Leitfr addressed to Lieutenant Colonel Cockburn by Judge notsford. Dated Sackvdie, 7tb June 18 J7 No. 3.— Extract IriHii Colonel Cockburn's Journal of joili .May 1817 . . . No. 4,. -!le,'orl 111 (ie'irij'e N. Simlli, Surveyor for the I'rovm.e of New Brunswick, Oil an E\|>:.>rution in the I'ansbes «\ llilldmro', lli>|iewell, and part of 8alisl>ury. ,' the Counlv of Westmoreland, in ot>edience to Instructions teceiviil tioiii Colonel Cockburn. lienil of Petecoudiac, l/tli May 1817 No. ■. — Copy of a l.f;,er Iroiii J, .A M.k biuchlan. Esq to Lieut. Colnncl Cockburn, CoiiiniiMionei, i\c. --....... Iteporl ol (leiirpe .Smith, Esq. A"si»lant Surveyni (ieneral ol New Brunswick, on his Itoulu lioni St Nicli"Ki» Hivei to the Bend ol IVteeniidi.ii liiver - Copy lit a Ij'tter |Vom \\ . J. I.iylnn, Esq. to l.itut, Coloiiil Cockburn Co|iy of a l.illei fi'im I!. IL Jouett, E«q. to Lieut. Colonel Cockburn Extract liom Colooi'l Cockburn's (ieneral Keniark Book ... P«ge. 26 27 3+ 3j 40 41 42 4i 4« 47 48 6<> IMUN( E EDW ABirs ISLAND. (C .) — No. i.--l!e(ioii ol I'rinre Edwaid's Island, as directed by the Ri(flit HonourabU the I'liocipal Secretary of State ........ 51 No. J -Bttorn ol the .Arliii}; Purveyor (.ieneral to Colonel Cockburn. showing the Number ol .\iies held by Ciranl, and by Licence of Occupation, in the 'iownsbips No. ■,,-, and i,', ........ ^t No. 3.— (Questions by Mi. Ilorton ..... . . -53 No 4.- Copy of ii Lellei Iroiii .Mi IlichaiH Vates to His I xci'llenry the leutenaut (iovernor ........... ^fi No. ,.—.Exli*rt liom Colonel Coikbiiin's C.eiKral Reniaik Roik . - - - ib. I4«. A t' 11': ii a APPENDIX TO COLON KI. ( OCKBl'KN'S <• \l'l'. niU.KlN. Pug-. m)~ No. I.-Copv of a I.pltcr f.om ,1. Criuvl.'v, l'.^,. S. (i. t'. H I.. Il.« KxccllfDcy Unit. (ieniTal Sir Jayics Kriiipt, f '■('•"• *•■'"■*''• 57 Copy ot a Letter from C I) Huiikm. I sq to Jmnc M'l -uclilaii, l->(|. II. 1'. I04lh lt('j;iiiieMt 58 N(.. !.— Information oht;iiri(il at Saint l'.t. (ullespii'. Motlatt and Co. to Colonel Corkl.urn Extract of a Letter from .Messis. lolin .M'l'lierson and I'o. to Colonel CiH-kburn Imports and Kxpoits lor iSafi LOWF.K CWAOA. (G.) — Nl'. I. — Kxtrart of a Ltttcr from Lonl Dalliousir to Coloiiil ( n-kburn. Dated Sofrll, I7tli .Iiilv 18^7 No. 2. — Kepoit of liio Survevor (leru-ral of Ltiwi r Cmiada, i init.iiiiinu Si.iU-iii«'nt.s le* spectiiii; tilt (v'uantity of Waste 1, anils nf tlie Ciinvn. situate and lymp SmiiIi if tlie St. Lawrence, lietweeii tlic t)lil SntniTial (iiaots and Uii IWaiiidary assumed \>\ the .\mf rican tioveriimenl ...... No. 3.— Note on the Comiminioation between Mitis and tlie Kiver Ilistigouclie, a Di.vlanre of about I. iglity-live Miles ..--... MISCEI.I ANLOLS. (H.)— No. 1. — Extract from Lieutenant < olonel (ockbiirn's (ieneial Kemark Hoiik No. 3. — Extract from Lieutenant Colonel Coekburii's General lleiiiark Book, dated at Newcastle, Miraiiiiclii, jSlli April 1HJ7, iiniliiiniiig some Inloiiuation obtained from a respectable old Resident 111 thai DiFtrirt No. 3. — Extract I'rom Lieutenant Colonel Coekburn's Cieneral Remark Bom tin Ikod ul the I'eticoudiar. Ri»*r to Fn"dfrieton, a.s CKplored by Maillii Cbapman 111 Ottober 1820. and furnished to Colonel Cockburn by Sir. .lustice Butsforil No. 8.— Information received by Lieutenant Cnlnml CockLiirn, lioiii a liigbly rc>|i«^-t. able and intelligent Itesidrnt in (^uelnr. ulm has de\ulisl uieat attention to tiie subitcl of Luiipratinn -.-..... «i8 (iO So H lb. ib. y4 H Nil i|.- I.N'DE.X lo \'nliinie I irst nf the .Minutia ol EMdence, and Rejiotls, lelaling to the S(.u|i.||ieiit ol Crown Lands 111 Lower Canada, a." siibiniiied b\ a Select CiMimiittie to the House ol AvsiinhK ut that I'iomiici' I.iilex til \ uluinr the .Siciind i,I the Miimi.s ii| I.Mdence. and Kipiuts, leUllIl^ In ibf >iiilciii. Ill III C'nmii I.andt in I ower Canada, as sulimitleil b\ a Selici Cuiniiiittte :ii the IloiiMiul Assembly ol that I'loMnce 'Jli yH m The PLAN nf Ln» 1 II C ,N ,nA, mailied C in lace ■S<.) No. 5. p. 8u. The projected Road fiiiin Ntn is In l.aki Mat.ip. diacL. lo bue ^li.l No. ,;. p. H.|. tr S\ INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. APPENDIX. NOVA SCOTIA. (A.) -No. "• EX TIIACTS iVoni the I^etter and Cieneral Information Book of C Morris, Esq. Surveyor General (if Nova Scotia; and iVoui a Letter of J. Spi/ Morris, Esq. Assistant Surveyor (leneral in tlie same Province. lb. »<■.» ih. i)8 Surveyor General'.s Office, SIR, Halifax, Nova Scotia, ■.'.'Jth June 18.27. IIIAX'K tlie honour to report, that, in pursuance of yom- Instructions (which I was autlu)rized and eonnuanded hy his l",xci.'ilency the Lieutenant Governor and (,'oinuiander-in-Cliief strictly to follow an •). (Jl EKN"» <'0l MV. ). SlIKMII KNK H. Hams ||. SVON I.Y. j. AnnaI'oi.is. lo (Jaff Ui: 1 FON 1)ISVH1( IS I'liii rci Col 1 HF SFFII LlTI... IDisTHH l" IN TllF Col N 1 V OF ft\ 1)N LoWUl! f l()\VNslllF>i 11 M 11 \V An n \foi is D.MUMOI 111. 1 (ill \N\ ll.t 1 I'm siiiN 1 \N II.MOI . l.\tt in:M i.Ti>« N A\ IMoKll. Till III). CnllN W Al.l.l!>. (^N NLoU . lion ION l,oN DON iirni'.v. 1" M.Mol 1 11 Cm sTiK. Win iisoi; 1.1 M.N Hi lU.. >' 1- H I'l 1 !• 1 Nfw !)i hi.in. l)ol 1.1 A, 1.1\ FlIl'Oill.. Kfmfi Siiiii.in UN F. si .Mmi\'> lUlMIl v. 1 OS . |'..H lOl \ll^^ 1.1 . M W H 1 1 I ON Pi UN HO. IU;F.irioN. Vmimoi 111 \S'ai i.\( 1 . N F.H l-^i) M)i mill lil > MIOIIOI 1,11 Duiin . 1 Manihkstfii I.'l.l MK> 1 -.. rMM.-.lll>UiM Ml COUN'l'V or II. VI. I IAN. , T'llK Lounty ot' Halifax is liuuiulcd on tlu' W tsl by ilir i oiiiity ii( I.tiiii'iiliiir^, on the North by the roimty of Hants, on the I'^a.st hy llic Iuiviishi|> of .St. MaFy'sand Northt.Tly liy the (iuif ot ISt. I.auiiiirf and loiiiity of ( uniliiFlaiid, ami on thu.Soutli by tlif Atlantic- Ocean. Fart of thi-i county was subdiviilcil (iinin;,' the .Adiliini.stratioii of the lafo (icvc;- nor, Sir.lohn Wcntworth, ) into 'J'uo Disir.ct^; the one called lli<' l)i--iriil of I'l.ictoii, the other the DislFict of ('olclie\trr. 'I'his diMMoii \va> made at the desiii' of and foi- the local convonicnci' of the Inhabitants of each, and has pioved useful to the Inhabitants. rowN.sini' or ii.vi.ii.w The lownvhij) ol Halit.ix i.> leniunated by a ii|,'hl line drawn fiimi the head of St. Aiarf,'arels liay to the colitluence of Sackville Hivcr with lledford Hasin. The town ot' Halifax is situated on one ol the iie^l liaFboins in Anu-rii.i, ol easy access and jirv.a capicity, the channel (lee|) enough loi siiips of the hiijjist burthen /Joii sail of shi|i.s and s(|ii;iFe-Fif;f;ed vi-sstls have unduiFcd before the town, within (ieorf^e'i l,-,laiid, and ain|)le room liir as many mort. 'J'licTown is situate on the nest side ot the Harbour, on ilic declivity of a bill J.jo leet above the level of the .sea ; its north siibiiib-, chlled Irish Town, and sontli suburbs called I iisii Town with Halilax, (ontaiii m, mliabitanii Their mam jiippoit i \ INSrilUCTIONS AND llKl'OUT ON EMIGRATION. Rupport (li'pt'iuis on the narrisoii, luilltaiy and naval cstablisluncnts, and tlic civil nova sec officers of I lis Majesty's (lovcrnnunt. . ~~ [ajesty Tilt' country about Halifax, for upwards of liftccn niiics to the westward, is com- posed of liiij;h, broken, rocky iau Halifax, where every article they can raise is in demand, and where they can sell their produce, procure their necessary snpjdies, and return the same day with perfect ease, rcnd-;n> their situation advantaj^eous. This township was granted to 38S proprietors in 17H4. li l-l TOWNSilll' OF I.AWHKNCrrOWN. In the year 17J4 (the then) (iovernor Lawrence, with a view to prnmofe the settlin<; of the country, jiranted to twenty ])roprietnrs 2(i,ono acres of land, about four leaj;ues east of llaliliix, which was erected into a township by the name of Lawrencetown ; the proprietors obliging themselves to settle twenty families at their own expense, and the tiovernor enj^at^ini; to build a block-house and protwt them with a military j^uard. Accordinj^ly twenty families were settleil by the proprietors, and maintained at their expense, and supplied with (attle. The inhabitants remained there three years; and by their industry and improve- ments they had just arrived at a state to supjiort themselves comfortably, when Cieneral Ilopsoii. then comnKindin^ the troops in Nova Sinliii wiilidrew thej^uard and demolished tlie works, whereby the proprietors sustained a luss (j( upwards of 700/. sterlini;-, whicli they ha. 1 expended in promeiin^ this Settlement, I'or uliieli they ((udil iibtain no reeouipence, b\it an assurance, as tju (ieiieral judj^ed it expe- dient for the preservation of the province to withdraw the troops, that the lands should not be subject to forfeiture. This township contuiences at tie.' confluence of the nook called the Suiell liiixik, at the Morth-tast bruMcli of Cole llarboin-, and runs I'ast to the frills of ( lie//etcook lliver, and is bounded on the south by the sea coast; it is much intersected by lar"-e lakes and ponds, and a jrreat part is barren rocky lai,d, incapable of ( idtivation. The best lands in this township lay upon the harbour of Cluv/.etcook and Lawrence Kivers. Its main advanta^a's are the markets, which enable the inhabitants to keep considerable stocks of (altle. The nilets, ami which are callecl liai hours, in this township, are Cole Harbour, Lawieucetown Harbour, which are barred harhcmni, not Imviii^r more than tour leet water on them at low common tides. Three Fathom Harbour, ^o lalled from haviiiir that depth of water, has only two families settled on it. Chcucteook .Settlement consists of twenty families, chiellv rreiu h Aecidians, who are enjrat^ea in shallops in the lishery, and in supplvinj; the town o( Halifax with cor(|•^^ood, |)iekeis, ike. The township of Lawrencetown contains ,it present onlv fifiv families, but is increasing in population and improvement. TOWNSHH' OF TULRO. This township is bounded, northerly, on the bxsm of Cobequid, ,md by ll.etown- ship ol t )„slow i westdly, by the river .Slmheiiaeadie. Truro is deemed a ^ery pleasant village, and the s.irr.mn.linK country of a troo.l Mul, conveniently a.lapte.l /o, (aiuiing. It was fenced and settled ..: the year .762. uud i INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 7 and laid out for the ucconiniodution of i /jo Camilics ; fif'ty-tlircc of'wlioni were brought hitlitT with tlifir stock ut the expense of Coveriuncnt, and also supplied with 600 bushels of seed com for planting. This township for tlie most part consists of iinproval)le lands of a rich soil, in general free from stone, and contains upwards of 1,500 acres of marsh and meadow. The natural growth of the u|)land is spruce, ilr, heudoek, piues, l)ecch, birch, maple and ash, with some oak and elm. The tides here rise forty feet : the channels arc empty for three hours between tides. The main roail from Halifax to Poictou and Cumberland passes through thi< village. 'l(nVN.SIIIP OF ONSLOW. The township of Onslow is situate on the north side of Cohequid Bay, and near its head. This .Settlement commenced in the year ly^a. The iidiahitants. which then consisted of fifty-two families, were conveyed here at the public expense, 'i'hey arrived the latter end of May, and immediately set to work to raise corn and roots, .such as |)otatoe.s, carrots, turnips and cablmge, for their subsistence ; but a severe drought, and, after tiiat, an early frost, destroyed the corn, 'i'hey however succeeded in raising the first season a sufficient supply of vegetables, and to cut hay enough for their stock ; and Goverinnent, to prevent their sutlering for want of provisions, humanely lent them 800 bushels of coin. This Settlement has progressed in cultivation, improvement and population, and the iidiahitants in genen.i I'c in a comfortable way of living. It contains about 1,400 acres of marsh and meadow lands, and was laid out for 150 families. The soil of the upland is rich and free from stone, as fur back as the mountains ; some parts of which are stony and rocky. The country near the .shore has formerly suflcrcd by fires. The present trees arc of a small growth, and easily cleared. The natural growth of the woods (m the uplands the same as Truro. NOVA SCOTIA. A|i|xrms; hincetluy remained in a state of nature- until the year i ;,*<.; (except in two instances, of a man by the nainc of Ingraham, formerly a sergeant in the regiment of that day called \\ ari)urton*s, ami a fisherman by the name of Walden ( Orney), when the late (iovemor I'arr, in a teur to Lun'uhurg, eiumiragcd some of' the l''rench, descendants r)f the liugonot-, who h.'id Mdlered persicuiion ni I'r.inee, and some (iciiu.iu famdies. to riinove to this si ttlennnt, wlure they have, by a r< gular ciur-e of per. severing in- dustry, become possessed of coiisiiirr.ble pro|ierty, and live iu (onifurt. I here are about sixty lamllies settled in this bay, «iio scud a coiisulcrabic su|i|ily of wood and vegetables to the market of Halifax. i TOWNSIIll' or CIILSTEK. 'i'he next laud to the west\'.,ird is the lewn-luii of ( luster. Tins townsliip was erected, and its settleuient (. nnigraleil from .New I'ligland, with their stock of (Bttle, and seatnl themselves in this place. Tliis tuWIl^liip is situated at tlw bottom of Malioiie Hav , it has a mimtier of islands amuxed to H, some of which he!|> to lonn Us very snug, eominodiouii haii)our. The lands ill this township, where the (ires have raged, are in gemial covered with an nifi rior growth of spruce and lir, and adlird smnc good situations (or (arming; and the islands are found of much convenience liir the kecpuig and rai.sing of sheep. The town is Well Mtuattd liir the (islury ,md W e,t India tr.ide, ami from its proximity to the settlement of Windsor. I'aliuoiith and the internir (nuntrv on the liasin of .Mini s. 'Iliere can be little iloiibl th.it when the luain lo.id of i (immunieation is ini- proved between (liester and Windsor, as the distanir is only twenty eight miles, stock and catlic of all kinds may with ease be proiuivd, .mil shipped from this port to the West Indies; and ves^^els mav be eiiipluyid to ii.lvantage in the eo.1 (ishery 0:1 (^iiercau, Ish' of .Sable, .ind (iraiid Hank of Newl,,„udlaml ; and here i|ir\ 1 i.uhl make i;to lis,, flu- .\iiiiri. an iiliiasc three lairs offish with greater iiwie and less time than the Aiiuriians can make two from the l.nited •Statci. Its INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION 9 Its ijriiicipal ri ersare Middle River and Gold River, whU-h afford situations for saw and ^n>,t mills. In the year 1784, many families of Loyalists settled in this town, who, being igno- rant of fuming liusincss, expended their money in buildings and unprofitable pursuits. Discouraged and disappointed in their views, most ol' them abaniloned the .Settlement and returned to the States. 'J'heir lauds have since I)eeii purchased by people acquainted with farming business, who live ccnnfortably by well-directed in- dustry in the improvement of their land. The present popuhition is ij" families : — Two saw mills and one grist mill. .\OVA SCOTIA. Appendix (A.) No. I. TOWNSHIP OF Ll'NENRURG. The township of Lunenburg is bounded on the East by .Mahone Ray, South by the Ocean, on the V'c-t by the harbour and river of Ixhave. This in general is a tract of good arable land (except that part which lies between Leliave River and Lunen- burg, which is barren and stony), well covered with birch, beech, -pruce, (ir, hem- lock, oak and pine. This township connnenccd its settlement in ihi; year 1 733, by the Dutch and (lermans, who were transp(uted into this colony the two preceding years at the cxpen.se of Ciovernmcnt. They consisted of 400 families, amounting to i,,")00 souls. These settlers were supplied with materials for buililirig houses, and farming tools, i". 1,000 were also expended for them in cattle and stock ; and for the (irst three years of their settkMuent they were maintained at the expense of (jovernment ; and, until the year I7ti.>, ri'ceived very considerable sujiplies ot' llour and grain iiom year to year. Thus eiuouraged and sii])p(uted, and the township possessing many local adv.uitages, comprising many spacious covcs, harlxKn's and mkts, which admit their vessels to approach their farms with facility, and ivieive their produce, ami carry it to the market at Ilalil'ax, the inli.ibitants are living in a state of comliut, and many of them in affluence. Intheyear ijtij, there wiri.' oidy two vessels owned in this settle- ment. They are now increased to npw.nds o(" fitly .sail of schooners am! >hallops, which are constantly plying bili'rcn this >etlKiiient and Ilaliiax. supplying the markif with hay and cattle and v ^et il.'les of all kinds ; and they discover an active and enterprising spirit ; and within the last ten years have built and employed many lirigs and vessels in the West India and coasting trades with success. Luneid)urg Township is eousiilered the most thrifty and i)le.isantly situated in Nova Scotia, exhibiting inteii'sting vie\\s of diversified scenery, fi>ruied by many islaiuls, peninsulas, coves and basins, and sctthini nts under good cultiv.iiion ; the country agreeably interspersed with lakes, poiuls, rivers and rich \mioiIs of beech, oak, elm, ash, i)ir(h ami maple; ami althoii-h it alf<)r(ls no marshes or meadows near the coast, .■IS in most places in the interior ot the Province, yet fiom its cont'guity to the capi- tal, till' fuility with "hich every article of' its produce, where thi; wood it grows, is conv.yed to the market at Halifax, gives it great advantages overothe'- Settlements in the Province; and it is an acknovvledu'cd fiit.that there are no paupers sustained at tho |iulilic expense. The town contains Ion buddings; /inn inhabitants; three cliurehcs; pruti •^t,lllt, lutherui and calvinist ; a gaol, scIkioI and court-house. It scuds mie ini'iulii r to the (ieneral .Assembly, ami the county to which it belongs sends two. There ar.' nine s.iw mills and four grist mili.i. roWNSIill' OK NI.W DUBLIN. This township i> seateil upon the harbour .uid river of Lehave it was granted,^ in the year lyti'i, to jtd proprietors from the colony of Coimecticut, very few of whom I'naili' any attempts to settle, and tlmse who did oidy remained there three mouths, a:.. I llieu alMiidimed their situ.ition ; since which the lauds have been nd as>i Mini to sundry nersons, Gennani and others, who arc iiicrcH rii-i lUti d last in population and improvement. n easing Th« 10 APPENDIX TO (U)LONEL COCKBURN'S KOVA SCOTIA Appendix (A) Ho. 1. The l;inds bordciin}r on Leliavc Uivi-r and Harbour are stony and nioiin- tainous. It abounds wifli a larfjo s^nnvth of licniloik, timber, «.])rui:i', blaik ')' beech, oak and pines. Many ships and sip.. ire-ri^j;ed vessels liave been hiadeil .. iuinber and ship-timber for 'tlie Ilritisb market. It abounds uitli ship-tinil,.'i- (fisch as birdi, sjuiue knees, plank of oak and pine, toiimasts, studding-sail booms, oar rafters, capstan bars, luindpikes of ash"! in eoiiMilerable (piantities. In the western part of the tu^nsiiip ui the rear of Leliave, and aI)out Petite Riviere, whieb lies live miles to the westwar 1, the lan(!> are of a lietter ipiality, am! on that rivir are some neat l'ann> undi r hi';!! tillage. About the entrance ami outer harbour of l.ehave are islands eoiiveuiintl\ suu.ited lor the uirin^T and dryini^of eod lish. The outer harbour lies o|K.n to the sea, and is lull ol' slioaN j but tlu' river is an cxeellent harbour, having eiji^lit fathoms water at its entrance, (after passing tiie bar, on wbieh is twelve leet at low water,") ar.d jj;radual soundings to three fatiioms at nine miles, aiul navigable for sloops and snialhr vessels to the falls of the river, whieh are twelve miles iroui it> eiitranee- On the west side ot tlu" entrance of this river the remains of an am lent Freneli fort are yet to be seen, xvhidi was erected in I7'{i, ami which is described by ( harlevoix, m his " llistoire et Description gcTierale de la Nouvelle France. " On Lehave and Petite Riviere i.',o families are settled, chiefly Gerinaii : those at Petite Riviere are from the North ol' Irdaiul. Here are five good saw mills and three grist mills, a good alewive tishcry, ami sever.il sehooiu'rs and vessels cmjiloyed in the carrying of wood, lumber and produce to the nia.ket at Halifax, 'i'iierc luis lately a road been traced ami cut out I'rom .Ainiapolis to Leliave and Lunenburg, wiiich. if rendered passable and improved, will eutuurage the bcltlement ol' the interior. TOWNSHIi' !)[ I.n I.Hl'OOL. pi I.ivcriMiol is the next township to the westward of New Dublin. This town coninieiued in the year I7t'(', and in the year 17(1.' its iidiahitants amounted to ninety families, consisting of v '4 persons, who where all selthd at Port Seignor, and subsisted cbielly by the li'-hcry ,md lnnd)er trade I hev had tht ii built seventy houses, eiT)|)loyed sevcntei'ii s( hooiicrs in the tislu ry, inaih great (piantities of shingles, clapboards and staves, ami erected one saw mill. Since that peiiod they have much increased in population, and have built a great nuiulier of bngaiitines, and other sipiare-riggdl tisseb, schooner- and shallops, and possess an active, enterprising spirit (or comini'iie and every branch of domestic iiidustrv. This town has much iiK reused m buildings and wharfs, which form a neat, cheerful and rcspci table appearance; and the m w l)ridge across the river ill front of the town aihis greatly to Us convt iiieiicc ami respectahilily. 'I'lieie arc now two gli, Niid grows all ihi neeis.vai\ wood ami ii:.ai.iid> lor the (i.dingof tlakesaiid stages for iMials, wliK !i are rei|nisite lor the (i^^el■^. .\ rH.„i wiMiit.mt linin Aiiinpo:,,!,, Lin ipool m the vrar tSu4. on which » nunibti ol lainiius aie -.■niv I, an I mucc tli.>l p.imd other I'uads have been op.iied. AllJ lirds 111;; in i INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. M and settlenients formed, in tlic rear of this tovviisliip, wliicli arc increasing in numbers and cultivation j their names aio Kempt, (Jaledonia, I'leasant River, Harmony. NOVA sconA Appendix (A.) No. I. rOWNSIIIl' OF SIIELHUHNE Shclhnrne Township comprehends ■ il the land on the sea coast from the head of Port Ilehert to the Clyde River and ihe east hounds of Harrinf:;ton. Hoseway (or JShelburne Harbour) is the chief port, is spacious, afti)rilini; safe shelter for ships of tile largest burden, secure from all wiiuls. All the lauds about the harbour, to the amomit of i()(i,(i()t) acres, were granted in the year 17(14 to Alexaiuler M'Nutt and Ills associates, who ..ettled a few families near the western entrance of the liarhonr, and himself on the island at its entrance, called Hosaway island, when .some little improvements were made, these people i)eing chiefly engaged in the fishery. After a lapse of twenty years, and at the dose of the late revolutionary war in America, many thousand loyalists emigrated to this port, and, fascinated l)v its spacious and excellent harbour, commenced the forming of the town of Shelburne, which is situated on the eastern side, and near the iiead of the Harbour. 'I'he magnitude of the town, the numbers of people who expended their fortunes in building large and exjM'nsivi' houses in it, wiihout object and without considera- tion, to an imuu'iixe amount, led to mII the distresses and eiid)arrassnu'iiis which in a few years involved ami discouraged the inhabitants, most of whom have returned to the States or scuttled in other parts of the Provirue. In 17S4, its jiopiilation exceeded twelve thousaml iidiahitants, but at present there are nut umre than two hundred families living in the town or its environs. The latuls in general, near and about the shores of this townsiiip, .md many parts of the interior, are rocky and sterile ; audits inhabitants luet with many di-eoungenu'nts by the capture of most of' their vessels ^^whicli were employed in the \\ est India tradi') by Trench privateers, and the garrison and naval f()rce bi'ing withdrawn from the scttli'ment, which while «ith them cotUriijuted nnu h to tlu'ir .su|ipi)rt ai\d encouragement (as Well a> proti'c tioir by reeei\nig supplies aii>l produce, and paying thiui liiierally in rash; tlie^e discouragements, and the many rcMTvatioiiN which were then made rniMid the shores ol the harbour fur niilUiOy and naval purposes, alter llii' people had settled nu tluni. li.id a serious ti'udeniy to t beck then' indeavour-., jiy bieakiiig and disconiR'cting the chain of' setileiui'iils funning rmnul its shores. Jt however must in trinli a.ul camlour be atknowledgcd, that very many of these ill-liited .settlers weie not calculated for farmers 4)r lishermcii. They had been brought up in dilKi'( nt iiabits, ami accuuudalcd tluir property by ntlicr means; and in the |)!n'en/y cf delusive enthusiasm, wlijrh lui arguuuiil or persuasion could overcome, that a great ami splendid town, with s|iacious streets ami (ouunodinus liuildjngs, built on a harbour of mnivalled excellence, would attract the notice of enter- prising strangers, and soon beecune the emporium of N'ovu .Scotia, very many among tlu'e nd'.ifuated people wen- I'ully impressid with the belief that the naval int;i!ilislnueiit and scat ol the government vMiuJd be removed to this New .lerusalem, as n had been eiii|i|iatie.dly styled by the origiiiil pioprietois : old ;ill the per- suasive aiguiuents e loy.il .idven tunrs, who hud made this their pla(e of refuge and asyluiii. Most happy anil lortnnate indeed it would have been lor them all, if their attention louM have been directed to more eligible situations, or other objects; siiii e il the we.diii they l,jS. It .) Ill ought .r !i ! \2 AI'l'r.NDlX ro COLONEL CUCKIJURN'S li' NOVA SCOTIA Appendix (,A.) No. I. biolury ; and tlu' inlirior roiv.sl lands arc opi'iii'd liy loaiN ol iiitiMii.il iiiiiiniiiiiira:ioii ; tliis (U'])iisM'd MitKiuciit may c'\- pi'iiiiin' a lavoiiialilr rli.iiigc, mid iim' Io mhiii' dr^nic ol' iiii|)oit.iiui'. Its li.irhour is I'onsidcri'd iiilrii a Io none in ilu hoi Id lor ia|Mi.ity ami si'iurity. Tlio lii^lttlioiisc wliiili lias liMii cncti'd on ilic island at its cntraucc. lalli'd llosaway Island, is a \rry ion'.|iniioiis olijcii to sliii's I'roiii the oiling in niakinir this port, or piissini;' iilonn' llic coiisi. Tlu' ollu't hiiilioiii> in ihls toniisliip, vi/,, Littlo I'oit llilurt, U.i^f^cd Island llarbiun, (iii'iii's ItiMi, Cajic Nc^no Ilmljoiir, arc ports ol' little note; the lands ahiuit itiini ileal' the const (d' littli' v.iliie. beiiif; very roeky and barren, and not more than t'orly linnilies settled in tlmii all, «lio ehiitly sulisisf by the lislicry, except till' settlu's on t'n' ( lyde liiver. w'luli tiilK into ( 'a]ie Nei;ro llartiour, who siibsi.si by t.triniii){. A'oal subsistence was li'oiii the cod lisheiv, ,ilid liii trade with the Inilian^. The I. mils III thi< towiishi|i lire ver\ stony, of the same [Mtiiic ,iiid iju.ility as Livupool, with the s.niie iiiitiiriil jjhumIi, exicpt Cape Sable Isl.iiid iwhuli it tour unles in jennili and (\mi m linadth , ol' Inw Ian 1, the mmI s.mdv and barren. The imrlioiir is sali' and (oiivenidit bu lishiii:: seliooiicis, and other Miiall vessels. This township w.is or,mtid, in the year 1710, to .-uo propricloi.> ; the nio.st n.irt of tlu 111 lishiTiiun lioiii ( ,ipo Cod, i'lyinoiith and tiie islnul ol Nantiii ket. in New Kn;;land Thrs 1 (umnetKi d tlicir setilenn ut in the ve.u- 17I'.', .md laid out the to\Mi or Mlla;,'e ol MmriiiLiton with sixty l'amili-'>, whir'h wrie lolloped by 100 inoiv III the Mimin. r ol 170;, with their lishiiii; vessels. Th, re weie but few rarniers ainon;^' ilt.in Li the \,nr 17,^ |, some rcspeitahlc lovalists .sat doun in flii.4 settlement, and h\ tliiir cMilioiis the settlcinent has in soim'di^'rec been ineieascil and improM'd 1 but lioin llie stnility of its soil ntui ii~ bickm sin laic, ii < an never he u town ol' inipoitimre f l<'N\ NMlii' 01 .\hi;m.i; The ne\t township w.si d nirntiu'toii is the towiishin (,( Aiuvle, wliieli wa.< erected in the \em 1771. Il .oMm,.„,.s „| ,h.. 11,., ,„||, „|- ,„,„, x,^,,„ ,j:,,r_ ^„ ,1,,, ,„„„„|_„.^. „,• Hainn^.ioi, then,,, iinmin;; i„..il. .; ," 1,', „, ^i |,v th,. .onipas.s, on the lown- Nliip eahil N.w ,bM.alim and iin^'r.uite,! I.md, 'twenty six miles, or until it llieels |„ Inskei ||,>,i. bei,,;; t|„ >„utl, , ,,.t, ,11 bounds of VannomI, ; thence idonj; lie boundary ol V.Mn,o„il, mitil ,t metis the sea-.oasi; theme In be bounded sHiiihuly and w.si.ilj In ,h,. ..v,,al .oinses or windiio's „( ,}„■ sea- coa-t. until ,1 oi.ies to Ihe south. western bound ol Hainn;:ton ; and bomnled on In mirth w, si bv the boundary liii. of ItarnnKton, to the hej-inmnc bound -buvedeserihed. m. lu.JmK all the .s|,,„.|, ,„ ,n,nt, and within the limits of the said INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT OX EMIGRATION. ij said township of Argylc ; containing in the whole 120,000 acres. Its principal liarhours are I'lihnico, Coccjuiwit, Abiiptic ; and among the ishinds are safe com- modious anchorages for vessels of any hmden. The lands in this township afford many good situations for farming, witli considerable quantities of marsh ; par- , ticuhirly at I'ubnico, Abuptic, the Tusket River and the harbour of Cocquiwit. The latter is only a shallop hiirbour ; it lies within the islands called the Wolf Islands, and is the next harl'oin' west of Harrington ; it was laid out for the accom- modation of twenty families of disbaiuled soldiers, the renuiinder loyalists, with two or three old settlers from the states. The settlers were indigent when they com- menced the Settlement, but are glutting comfortable farms, and increasing their stock of cattle. NOVA SCOTIA. Apporulix (A.) \(.. I. ru UN ICO. The next harbour to the westward of Cocquiwit is Pubnico, which is chiefly settled by the French Accadians, who were permitted to remain in this country after its concpiest. These people are hospitable, temperate and industrious, and are in general com- fortably settled, and remarked for their peaceable and subordinate tempers. There are several valuable islands in front of this township, which are conveniently situated for the tishcry and for supporting Hocks of sheep. At the head of Abuptic Har- bour there are some good farms; the chief of the .settlers are from the I'nitid States, except the .Accadians, of which there are about 100 settled in this township, and the same lunnber of people who came from the United States anterior to the revolutionary war in .America. Since 178,;, some of the Loyalists have .settled aniong them. They have l)oats aiul schooners employed in the lishery, but their main dej 'judence is in farming. There is a settlement in this township at a place called the I'k'l llrooK, where upwards of thirty families are collecleil, who for many years, with the Indians, derived their chief suppiut from the immense <(uantily of eels which are here taken throughout the year. The I'Venih and Indians hiiig contended for the exclusive privilege 'A' taking these eels, and much noise ami complaint has been made to (iovernment from the contending jjarties, until the Province Laws for regulating the li>heries throughout the Province "vere carried into etlict. S^« TOWNSHIP op VAiniOlTH. Tl'.'s township was granted the 7th .\pril I7')7, in i jo shares or rights of (iiiti acres each, to settlers from .Massachusetts. Its botnularies are described as t'ollovv-. : — lii'giiniiuji at tin' Stonv Iteacli on the north side the harbour ot Cape I'oin'chu, and nuniing !U)rthwai'd, measuring on the sea beach ij',t> chs. then to run Into the country north (ii), east l,J.;o chs. theme south ;^1 (lis. until it strikes the Tusket Kiver, and to counuence again nt the lieginniug bound. uy, ami to run along the sea coast .southerly to Little River, and to be bounded by said river as far as the tide water (lows; then to rini luirth (i'i chs. until it nieits the lands laid out to .Montagu Wilmot ami iithers, aiul to be bounded by the (durses of said lands initil it comes to the Tusket Hivcr. and to be bounded b\ said rivi i' Tusket until it meets the northern bouuil.iry tirst des( rilied ; reselling lor the lishery all the lands lying on the harbour ol C.ipe I'oiirihu, and on the h.nbour of .lebogue ; to exteiul ,;uo feet back frmu high wiiter mark ; also ten acres of land on the luuih point of the entrance into I'.ipe I'ourchu liarbuur liir a fort or battery. A part of the shares «)f this township, situate on the eastern bram h of the Tusket Hiver, having re- mained deicli<'t and wiihoiu t ultiv.iliou. on the arrival of the Loyalists, in the years l7S;aml 17S4, m,iu\ ol lluui settled on this deserted l.nul. «hii h «as coidirmed to thc'-.i '-y grant. The iidud)itants of \ armouth ari' m general a thriving industrious people, ac- tively employed in agric ulture and lishery. They employ u|n*ards of sixty sail of vessels in thi se bram hcs of industiy They have some good saw and grist mills, and are nuiknig rapul nnproMiuent in cu Itivat ion, ami i dik eing .II id dr aiiiiu;! their marsh lauds 'I If i 1 1 f NOVA SCOTIA. Apjieiidix (A.) No. 1. 14 APPENDIX TO COLONEL COCKBURNS lands, increasinj^tluir stocks of cuttle, and will uiu lim^r Ik'couic a flourishing Set- tlcment. Tlie population about 4,000 souls. In the rear of this town.ship, and between its limits and Clare, lands have been surveyed for a inimlier of the eliildren of their people, and also for many of the Accadian IVeneli, which is called Wentworth. TOWNSHIP or NEW EDINRIMK.II. Tliis town plot is situate on the western side of the river Siss,d)oi), and on the south side and within twelve miles of tlie liead ot' .St. Mary s Hay. It was formed duriiij; tlie administration of the late (lovernor I'arr, in tlie year.f 17S3 and 17S4. Tl\e situation is pleasant, and tiiere are .some farms in tolerable ^ood eultivation. It has a barred Imrbom- ; but from the rise of the tide, which is near twenty feet, vessels of larj;e burden may approach and aiuhor in .safety within the !)ar at hi{,'li water. Ni'w Kdinbm'ih, like other towns iu this Province which have been too inconsiderately built, cannot tie expected to risi- to aiiy dcf^ree of importance until the interior comitry is more iiopulous. and allbrds -ttHk and produce for exprtation, and demands and consumption for the returns fnnu other climes. \U m. TOWN.SIIIP OE DKilJY. This town>liip i> lorined from the diicl'part of a tract of laiul formerly granted to Alexander NlNiitt and associates. It cNteuds fiiim Sis>aboo Itiverto the mouth of the cove or inlet called the (iraiid .loi,'jiin, iu the Itasin of .\nna|w)lis, op|)osite the town ot l)itein boundary of the township of (ieniLiits. it i^ liouiided on the ia>t by ihc slune ot .\iiii,ipiili\ llaNOi, by the (lUt of Ainiapoiis, by the south shore of the Hay ot' I undy. .ind liy the north siiore of St. Mary's liay, cdmprehending Lonf» Islaiwl and Ibiar Island within its liinitx, and containirifr ui.i'oo acres. This township was fjranted to and settled l>y the loyal Kefnjjces \\\m retired to this country .at the close ol the revolutionary "ar in ^America. Tiiey con- si.sted of 47,', izrantecs ; but a number ot' them ha\Mij; i|uitted the country, the township was escheatetl, and the resident proprietors coul^rined in their |Kift- sesNious. The town ol" lbi;by contiiins jou l)uildinj;s. It eounnands a view of tlie whohr lla>in of Annapolis, is deemed a healthy, pleasant siiuation ; suine vessels l;,ive lieeii built lure niucii approved. 'Ihe inhabitiints ot the inwn, and about the siioifs of llie Itasin, take preat (piantitii's of hcrrinjjs and a!c«ivcs or gaspcriau, whicli they cure tor the N\'est India .ind Halitax maikels. Tliey a!>o employ a I'lnnber of vessels in the cod tisiiery. The lands in tins lowudiip are iu ;;eneial of a j;(mmI (luality I and at tlie head of St. Mary's ISay there aiv sonn' mardies. wliieh en.ible the settlers to keej) considerable slocks of cattle. Near tlu' coast, liom the (Jut of Annapolis id Eon;; Island, the land is hi^di, and iu many placis of shari» ascent ne.\t the sea. In tins township, ,:t the entrance of the (int of .\nnapiilis, is a li;;lit-house i and it is pro{M)sed Jo erect another on Ilriar Island, liom \»hich eau be sein ('aj)e St. Mary's and (iiand Alanaii. This is evidentiv a lit and juopir situatiiin for the puipo.se; as all .ship>, m\,1 vessils (oinini; Into the Itay of Eundy in.iy run boldly fur it, and find sluldi in the li.nbour this isl.unl all'ords, or take ihcir departure for any other poit iu the May nf I'lnuly. Tiiis lown^Iiip is wxW (lothed villi all kinds of hard wodd nalaial to the PliiNiiice, such as beecli, liiicli, ash, m iplc, spruce, souie pines and llr. There urc .sa« mills at Si^saboo, and on the livers "Inch fall into .Xnnaiwiis Hasiii, which cut cousidcr.dile sujipnea of lumber. TOWSSIIIl- or ( I.KMl-NTS. This township i> bounded on the West by the town.ship of Diffhy, 011 the North by the sutilii shore of the Ilusin of .Xnnapolis, and on the Li«t by Annapolis 'Juaiislnp. li 4 INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT OX EMIGRATION. 15 It was settled in the year 1 7S4, during the ndininistration of the late Governor novvstotia. Parr, by loyal Emigrants, disbanded Hessians, and Negroes, amounting in the whole Appendix (\ ) to 437 grantees. The (lermans in general have proved industrious farmers, and No. j. are making good improvements ; and the land throughout the township, although hilly and undulating, is of a generous soil, and the inhabitants will in a short time, by tlioir continued course of |)ersevei'ing in yards from the Port on the south or left side of the road ^^oin^ from Halifax to Annapolis. m^ TOWNSHIP OF (illANVH.LE. The township of (iranville is situated on the north side of the Hiver and Hasin of Aintapolis, and is bounded as follows :- Ik'jfinin'iifT at'the (Jut of .Annapolis on the eastern side, and is boimded soutlicrly by the Hasin and IJiver of Ainia])olis, ami I'Xtcnds from the said (iul up the Hiver, includnii; the farm in the occupation of Henry Muinoe, and measuriuj^ on a ri'dit line twenty-einht miles, anil from theeiustern houndaries of said lann to run north- north-west by the ma^Miet, until it meets the Hay of I'uudy ; tlien.e liounded by the Hayofl'undy; and comprehends all the land westward of said line to the Ciiit of Annapolis. This township was frranted, in 171I4, to a uuud)er of families, wii.) witc en- courajied to come from the States, .nnountinj,' to ( (io miuN and 1 -,S proprietors). In the internal division of their lots, they appear to have left .)(ij acres of land, lyin^' between the ( iut of Annapoli> ami the'Eaiin Lot of (ieorfre Harvey, undivided* suhject to their further dispo<;il. * On this land a f mm r, hy the name of .JohnMon, has settled, made L'reat im- j)rovements, and deared lifty-seven acres of land. It appears he was encouraimilar to Wilmot. Its church is plcas;uitly situated in a grove of pines. TOWNSHIP OF CORNWALLIS. This township was sittlcd in 1 7(11), by families iVom New I'.ngland. It is boiuuled on the North and Fast by the liay of Fundy and Mines lia.sin ; on the Wot by .Aylsford; and on the South by liorton. The inhabitants, having received a gmut of the townsliiji trom (ioverinnent, made a division of it among tlieuisclvc>^, in (piantity and (|Uality ; the first division, of their marsh, with ■.liich this township aboiuuls ; the second division, of farm lots, consisting of the best lauds, and most contiguous to their marshes and to public roads ; the last or third division, of wood-lamls. The land throughout the township is of an excellent (piality, liec from stone, aiul every tarm has a lioml |)riip(U'li(in of valuable marsh, which enables the pro- prietors to kec |> lirge stocks of cattle. Their great niciidow, winch is under dyke, and inclosed from the sea,^ where loriuerly \essels of l)iiMlen used to ride at anchor, is luiw under I'.nglish grass, and c\hii)its an extensive plain of meadovt, of an ov.d I4.H. C [] form, NOVA SCOTU. Apiwiidix (A.) A. I. 1. ,S APl'l'NDIX TO COLONIX ( OCKBURX'S form, sunoimtleil liy valu!il)le t'ainis. I'Vom Cape Ulow-mu-down, tho view of tliis towu>hii), iiiul of the settlements of llorton, Windsor, tlic Basin of Mines, with the settlements on its siiores, and the extensive range of wild scenery, is iit present rather interest inij, hut in the eourse of a few years it must he much improved and extended hy incivased cultivation and improvements, which are going on rapidly in this valuable section of the Trovinee. This towHi'hip is aeknowledi;ed to he the most conipait and valuahle settlement in the Province for all agricultural jiurposes ; the soil throughout rich and pro- ductive, and abounding in meadow mid marsh lands; the latter nmcli increased a;ul improved by the great Wellington Dyke. The Court-house stands near Peck's Tavern, at the head of the river, on the confines of the two townships of llortcm and Cornwallis, and the iidiahitauts of botli being assessed for the expense of the b\iil(ling. it was here j)laced as a situation the least exceptionable to both townships ; and placed as it is, contiguous to the main road, where the Supreme Court travels in its circuit to Annapolis and the western part of tlie Province, it has proved of general convenience. I' TOWNSHIP OF IIORTON. Thi-; township was formed and settled in the year i 7(13 ; contains K 10,(100 acres, commencing at a point of land on the River Pisaipiid (now called the Kiver Avon), and from thence rims south (io, west 1,(170 chains; tluiice north (10, west Soo chains; thence north Oo, east Sjo chains, to the River liabitunt and Basin of iMines ; and easterly by the River Avon. 'I'he natural growth of the country about 1 lorton is much the same as Corn- uallis, but the upland, although ol' a good (|ualily, i^ fur more stmiy than ( oriiwallis. Its I'leadows and marshes are of the same good i|uality as Cornwalli.v. The princi- pal marsh, called the Cirand J'rcs, contains about 3,000 acres. It is all dyked in from the sea, and extends from the lower settlement of llorton to the island called Boot Island. T'lie tavern at Fowlers, where the post-house is kept, has been considered the best on tile load. TOWX.SIIIP OF FALMOUTH. This township is situate between Wind.sor and Horton, and is bounded by their external limits, and mav be descnl)e(l as l<)llows; viz. situate on the west side of the River Avon (or Pis«(|uid), beginning at a point of land on the Pisiupiid River, and running south (io, west i,,{oo chains, on ungranted lands; fnun thence south 30, eust SSo chains; southerly, on ungranted lands ; soutii tto, east, to land grunted to James Monk, Ks({. .^40 chains ; and on the said laiiil running north ;{u, west joo chains ; thence on the same, iiurtli (if), ca.st i()j chains, until it meets with l*isa(|uiil River, or Avon; ami ■, 11 the said river to the bound first mentioned; containing .vi.ooo acres; alluwaiice being made lor iiunuitaiiious broken lands, lakes and roads. There are 100 families sellleil in this township ; its marshes ciuistitute its cliief valuL' ; the upland in general, particularly on the Horton Mountains, being very ^■tony ; hut the great (juantities of marsh enable the lariiiers to kec|) large stocks of faltle. which funii^li an ample su|ii»ly of rich luamire fir the ii|)lauds. 'I he main road Ironi M'imlsor to .\nnapolis passes tliinugli the iip[)er part of Falmouth : the former, an old road, passes through the lentre of the settlement opposite the village of \\ iiidsor. The hiils called Horton Mountains are partly within the limits of this toivn.ship ; they are irregular, of' steep aseeiil. slciiiy, the laiiil poor, l)iit by peiscveiiug labour uiay lie rendered productive and to yield good crops of grain, bviiig sheltered from .sea winds and fogs. I INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 19 TOWNSHIP OF AVINDSOR. This j)lacc was licid in great estimation by the original French Accadians, from its central position and extensive marshes, wiiich they inclosed by dykes, and brought nnder high cultivation. 'I'hc traces of their industry are to be found in every part of the shores of the river Avon, and to thctii may be justly attributed the very favourable apjwarance of this country in cultivation and improvement ; and the crops of grain they raised hero and in its vicinity, particularly of wheat, were at one |)eriod so superabundant, that before the declaration of war against France, which took place 17th May ly.^O, these industrious people atlbrded a very considerable supply of wheat for the IJoston market, to which place they exported it annually for many years. On the Falmouth side of Windsor (or Avon) River, after you have passed the new Uridge a short distance, you cross a large tract of cleared land, the work of these people ; but after their expulsion from the Province it was left waste and tlurclict. Tiie most valuable situations about \Mn(lsor having been monopolized and granted to members of His Majesty's Council residing in Halifax, will account for the improvement.s not having been much increased or more widely extended. The military grounds about the Fort Hill at Windsor were, in the year i~6j, granted I)y the then CJovernor to his groom, but have since bcon reclaimed and purchased by Ciovernment. The upland, in general, between Windsor and St. Croix, on the road to Halifax, after you pass the Three Alile Plain, is poor, rocky, broken land. \\'indsor Settlement affords a tolerable variety of scenery, agreeably diversified with hill, dale and lawn ; and the surrounding hills shelter it from adverse winds and the chilling fogs of the ocean. It is warmer tiian the more northerly and southern parts of the Province, and the crops are earlier. It is lietter adapted for growing of wheat and other grain, which are not so liable to blight and mildew. Peaches, (juinces, jwars, apples, cherries, plums of various sorts, grow here in per- fection, and the orchards are extending and improving. Miiulsor has excited agreeal)!e surprise and admiration from travellers, ])artituiarly from gentlemen from England, who have remarked, that it only recpiired a little more attention to neat- ness and taste in its cottages and improvement in its buildings, to render it equal to imniy parts of their favoured country. This part of the Province .d)ounds in gypsum, whicii is found in the same range from Plaster Cove in Sydney. (iypsum has become an article of considerable export from Windsor to the United States. COUNTY OF CU-MBERLAND. Rounded on the North-western parts by Ciiignecto Cbamiel and the Missiguash |{iver, aTid by a line drawn from its source due East to the Hay of \'ert, and from 1 hence by the sea-coast of N'ortlunnbcrlaml Straits to the head of Tatamagnuche HarboiM' ; on the south by King's County, and by a line drawn from the northern angle of King's Comity to the north-western angle of Loiuhmderry Towusliip ; thence to run easterly by the comse of the nortli line of l.onilondi rry to the road lending to Tatamagouche ; from thence by the said road to the head of the harbour of Tatannigouche. The townships comprehended within the limits of this coimty prior to New Urunswick being detached and erected into a separate province (in I7.*>4\ were .Suckville, Cuml)erlan(l, and .Amherst ; the former townshij) Ijy that division is now in the province of New lirunswick, and is called Westmoreland. A material part of the township of Cumberland is also cut off from this Province, the farms and plantations thereby nnich severed ami cut up, and occasioned so nnich public incon- venience, that pressing remonstrances were made to His Majesty's Ciovernment, aitiiinigh iiietlatual. Amherst consists of lifty-three shares or rights of V'" acres each, and contains •Jti,7,")(> acres, with allowance for glebe, school and minister, and for pulilic roads. 14S. ' C4 The NOVA SCOTIA. .Vjipetulix (A.) No. I. fi' 20 ^•OVA 5C0TIA. .Appendix (A.) No. 1. 4 I AIMM'.NDIX TO COLONEL COCKIU-RN'S busiiu'ss ot' the loiinty is transactcil in tlu- Court-lumsu at tw Till' pill)! if Anilit'ist. Till' I'arishoiDUjih paeki't sails ro<;iii;iily between Windsor and Paml)()ron;;h ice in eu-iy «eek, and oaasiimally tlirei' tiiiii's; but always Crom Parrsborounh t'veiv Monday in the suninuT season, so as to be at W'iinlsor on Tnesday ; and will sail I'rom'theiu-e the first lii^'li water that happens at or after ei-;ht o'clock in the forenoon of that (lav. From W iiidsor to I'arlridge Lsland, a distance of thirty miles, yon cross without dirticnlty in four or live hours, takinj; iidvuntage of the tide. l'artrid(»c Island is a K\^\\ bluff separated from tlic mainland by a lonp; beach» over which the sea has washed in hii^li tides attended with heavy piles. Its western side is perpendicular. It takes its name from the partridj^es which resort to it in the fall of the vear. Its projection tends to break the tides, and att'ords jjood shelter durinj; the summer nionlhs to vessels which rout inuuliy ply up and down tiie Iwy ; and it has been noted for its facilities in t . ;mi,;;nlinf; trade. The land about it is much broken iind 1.1;. , .ni t'l- "ea-shore from henrc to AdviK'ate Harbour, and for some milef iii MebdV. is I'.n'ilj liigh rocky elitls. The land rises into lofty hills of sharp ascoit, I>iit in many jiiares, as well on the slo|)cs AH summits, of a rich soil, inoducin;; all l.vds • ''jjetables and grain. 'I'lie prin- cipal persons residin}; at I'artriJ.e Island arc Messrs. Itatchford, Crane and Shannon, whose employuunt i- u'; ying the .Sottlement with {joods, iS;c. in t'xclian};;e for the product of (lie louarry. The parish chinch is situate two miles t'roni rarrsl)oroii};h on the main road to Cumberland. llctwceii this church and what is calleil the Hoar's Hack, ut Franklin .Manor, tin best hind mi both sides of the road "as, in the year 1774, laid out into farm lots by order of His Majesty's Govcrnmenl for |)iiblic sale, and the upset price limited at sixpence ])cr acre; but no sale could he eflicted, and no bidders appeared, althou^rh diii imi {general notice was jiublii ly jjiven at this plare and in every town and county throuj^hout the I'roviiue, by handbills and |)iiblic newspapers of the day ; and in the year 178;"), these ^.llllabll' lands were assigned to such families as were inclined to settle on them, and many of them arc becoming excellent farms. There is some good intenal on the river, and from the ipialily of the land there is little doubt of its l)ccoming a thriving .settlement. Turtlier on to'Aards Ciiin- berlaiid, is the Mecaii Settlement, situate on the .Mccan Hivcr, which is in e.\cel- lent coii'liiion ; the faniis well improved and stocked with cattle. As you approach the Settlement of Amherst, the country opens and expands to an extensive range ; and when you arrive at the summit ol' Fort Lawrence Jlill, yon have an interesting view of the surrounding country, and of tlu' river Mis. siguash, its meadows and marshes: but the most iiiiposiii;^ view is from the bastion of Fort Cumberland, when y(iu have the (ireat I'aiitaiamar, tin Missiguash, liar- ronslield, the whole townshij) of S.ickviile. anil the distanl ( lit pddy .Mountains, at one view; and the vast slacks of hay 011 the maislus, made u|) in the true Jjiglish manner, convey a tavourablc and correct idea ol' the stoi k and bufcr it i.s capable of yielding. 'I'll' 1 ir? (iC th(" Province was justly hel>' in high estimation by the rrcncli, from th<' \ 'vive niar.>lu' •'" ^ dvkc! ii, irom the sea. T '' ■ ..i;j_ lamilies in tiie township ot AnilieiM, who have on an average from lorty to fifty head of cattle, exclusive ot iiiany iiorsts, flucp and hogs. In the district of Tort Lawrence there are about lueiity ( .iniiies, chicfK of the first fanners in the county, having iijxin an aviiage ahoiii -i\iv head of' horned tattle to each fan.ily. exclusive of horses, sheep ami liog> ; and the rivers Nepaca, I\Ie(au and Hehcrt, including Menudic, a 1 reiich settlemeiii m .ir IWroiislield, contain about 100 fiimilics, with large slocks of cattle. The Mtlltimnts on the River I'hilip, I'ugwash, West Chester or Cohe(|uid .M...iiitan,, and Uemsheg, contain about ijO families, hut have in general only sm.i.. stocks .d cattle, about twenty head to each fiimilv. The county of Cumberland exports annually, chiellv to the markets of Halifax, upwards of tiou head of fat cattle, i.jud tirkiiis of' butler, bcMdes a \ cry con - sider^bli: INSTRUCTIONS AND RKPORT ON EMIGRATION. Hidorablo (|iiantity of clicrso, oiitn and vogctaliluN ; and if tlicse lands had a suificicncy of !ilili' farniLTs to work and iniprovo tlicni, there is little doulit l)Ut the produce would iniiease lo a jjreat amount. It may serve to convey somewliar more of a proliable idea of what this valuable !)ortion of the cotintry is capahh' >( producing, l>y the following Statement of the ^larshe.s in thin and tin- adjdliiini; ( iiunty , viz. The 'l'ownshi|) of Andierst, Marshes Ditto - ('innhcrlantl d" - Ditto Sackville d' - Mfiuranicook . . - . iVt(MiN(liac and Chepody River Mecan .... River Hehert .... Acres. I J, 001) 15,000 10,(100 7,1101) ('),oi)o 3,000 NOVA SCOTIA. Appcnriix (A.) No. 1. These immense tracts of marsh, if divided anwMi£T a 1 il)n of enterprisinfr men, with the means md dispositions to improve' th< 111, woiii soon t)ecome sources of we:ilth ; hut at present they are owned hy a fe>» individi-^U, to the exdusion of useful Settlers. The navi;^ation of the Hay of Fuiul\ owin^ 'lielly i>- tlie fotjs uliicli prevail in the sunnner season 1 has been reprc iited as Hii idf .n d dangerous, but the experience of years has established one important f'm'i. tliu nnoii}r all the vessels employed in New Brunswick and this Province. anper h i-. been found of good (piality ; and \i > ;ong indications of that metal appear betiveeu Tatamagouch aiul Carriboo and il. li.isin of Mines. Iron ores are to 1)1- foiirul in dilFerent parts of the Province, but those at Nictau in the county of Aiinapi) • lU'c considered the nH)st valuable. I'rom tiie piincipal attraction of the ;ice,7i)0 956.'i90 ^ In sonio ()t iheRi^ llranUs Mwifs i>f Ciold «nd Silver, I'ri'Cious Stones . and Lapis Lazuli I iue reservcKi, but in most of them ihiii" is no ipner- 'valiuli vrbalevei. Mines of Cmld iinil Sliver, I'reeidiiS i Stones, nnil l.a|j|s Lmuli Hre icsiTvetJ. Mild no utiicr. 1,007,1-, I '.,14n.()l'i '■•."ly,ij3i> 7,i.',j,i:fii 3iU7y.»77 ( Minn ul Colli, Silver, Li.nl. (.'up- . per uii 1 teserve lolher. f I'hese GmnU include iIk Tiiwn, Suburbs and vl'eijinsula of Halifax. ' I'arin Ijitsoiithe Hir- Ixiur and Victiuty of llaUla.x. I / Th<>*« Lands vtre ei> I healed Icir the rerrptioB iif ihe ureal \««lie» of loynlisln md ditlumded (iirps, wliii setlled in . tint I'roMnte in the ! veiin 178) and 1784, and eiinsisied clji«lty at IntfQ 'Irvctt, situate la lliet.', I li.il upiiii f', 1 Ii|.|(l'l \cre* have Keen i;r:inteil, •J,l ', .','il>J \t!ls have Ueii i.u lie.iteil, .|.'j7!*,^77 '^'^i'h uie still In Id I) (•! inls. ll.V'O AeieH there n iin Iteserviiljiiii "t ..nv Mines aii.l Mineral* (evrept in ,1 few (.rants |,i II e ( mwii.) Iliat upon ■ (yfl,'''\¥> \cii;. Min,-s ,.f . .SiiMi ^.ll (ieneial. ..I INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 23 INFORMATION on tlie following Heads ; viz.— Ql'F.HIKS : ist. What extent of Laml has betin granted in the Province to imlivnlii.ils or corporate bodiea, durinp; tlie lust twenty ycais, under the King's instructions. Answf.hs: 1st. About i,3Hi,((ii acres. NOVA SCOTIA, .Appendix (A.) No. 1. 2(1. What is the c'"n<'ral averape Quantify jd. The general average is 037 acres t> of Land granted to iwch person, and state each jiraiit( c. the Maxinnuu and .Minnnum of the number The .Maxinunn - - .j.ono acres. inaile. the extent nl the iMiprovemenis, noieilaiii I stuiiate can be at present lormeil ot tbeni; but 1)11 a moderate compiit.itiou, they cannul be less than ten for every ioniilreil acres. (ilh. What Rents or Quit Rents to the (itii. Two shdlingsi for every hundred acres Crown are nn|M)!ied ni the tiraiits. granted. 7th. Have the Heiit> or (^uit Rents so nn- 7th. \e\ei .lAcept in a few nistaiu es about |X}Ke(l ever been paid or demanded. the y< r* 17(11) aiul 1770. «th. What ipianlily of Wa>le Lands of ihe Kih. AIkiuI :(,7M;),cM)n ai re«, inehidini; land Crown 1- still unL;rinte(l 111 the riovnue. roveied by l.ikcs, poiiiN, n\eis, roi ks and barn iis. ylh. (live some gener.d esiiniale Value per lino lud ai les nf tliedilleniit till piall ties ol Land which lein.iins iingrinted, I4R, i|lli. I should roiisidi r the land of the liist ipialilv, King conlignoiis to pnblu: roads, or accessible by water, to be worth from ■:«. to -' >. lii/. peracie; llie iiiiianuler of tin iin^ranted Iaiid>, in their pii»enl ^l.ite, IS not noitli inoie on an ,.veriii;e than Irom (!(/. to t|l/. per icle; bill when the tori -t lilliils aie pi iirtialid liN iiilrlli.il coiiiliililil- c.ilioii, and the null stnains lli.it inteiMct tliein an oiiiipieil. mmiI tin s.iw and uiist iiiill< III oper.ilion, ih, ^e finds luiisl naliiially llll'll ,|si' 111 \ullli . I) .> '"tl> ■^4 APPKN'OIX TO COLONEL COCKBURN'S NOV \ SCOTIA. ,^|,|, Wliat arc tl\f Hr^i'lvalions to llic Crown, m till" ur.iiils al ililltri'iit piraHls.as Nt». I. i.-jili i"rli. iS:n, idtli. I'miii the vi'iir iKoi) to tliis ilav, all Miius ot iidld. siUir. liMil, ((iiipcr and ciials, l.api'* l.a/nli, jiri( lous slonrs and uon, art; ifstrvtil to llic Clown, aUo all wliilc puii' tri'i's. I'roni iMoc) lia( k to 1770, the hanii; it'siTvnlions, ixrcpl ni a Itu nistancrs, one ot wlncli apptais drscrvnii; ot notuo, at Capi' l)o\i'. thr plarr .-airl to ronlani a valn- alilr I'lpptr nniif. In the 'iiani iit tins lainl, llic only ri'MTvation to llu ( 'town !■< ;;old and mImt. pi'cclons slont> and I, apis l.a/uli ; in tlir i;rant ol I'ranklni Manor. ::o,(iiiii acres, only LLold. sdNir and toals air n"Mryi'. to Col. Dc^sbarrs at 1 alainauonihi', ^old, mUit and coals are rt'sirvcil; the s.iiiu- ni the '^rant of iD.ooO i\i r<'K toSir.lidni \\inlvyorlh at iMnii^iiniisli; in tilt' am Hilt 'giants ol' the toHnship. i;o|d, siKer.i opper, 1 o,d», L.ipis l.a/uli and precious stones only .ire n-^i r\rd. (siLliied I ( . MurriH, ['OITLATION or ( OIN I'lKS. 1817 ; Liiiii'iiliiifj; - .Sydney ( iiin!)crhiii(l Kiiiii's ( (iiiiity Slii'ilmiiic - Aiiiiapulis - Hauls (vhniii's ll.ililax ^ aiiinnitli am! Ai';jylc 7. '",)•» ■.'.')".) 7.1 ri 7.7M) (),.Si7 "..iiS ;.ci()S ■i.'^'U Total l'(>i)iilatii)ti nf Nova .Sciilia (is!|ii,,i\i. ,,1 "I >, o till' Lslaiiil otCaiH' Itfitoii'! Ill the \cai' 1 M 7j Situ (■ tliat |H'iio(l it lias Mil icascil to r.pwinls ol' lno.dKi, iml iiu liidinir < iniiily (ill ujx' lJ;itoii, I .iiiiiut he hs, than 1 .p.iiiiii. (;r.\l.!{ \L ()i!sl.l{\ AlKiNS. Aini. No\ I .Scdti.i, ( NcliiM'.e ol ( 'ape ItuioM, ( oiil.iin- • i),iin, 1,111111 ( oiintN ol (ape Union ..... j^,, ,,i,iiin) I l,l>(>l>,llll(l ()| tlie loriiiei, one thin! (oinpntiil to he larmi foik\ Liid iiiia^i.ihh' ol' eiilliva- tioii ; uiie riiuitli, lakes, poiujs, ivatei-, sis, imp-, .\e, I sif^'IK (i ( , Mull f-, .'till .June iS.'7. .Siiiyeyor (iiiicral. INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON E^fIGRATION. 25 'y ('OPY of a Lf'ttcr to Lieut. Colonel Cotkbiirn from J. Spry Morris, Esq. Assistant Surveyor Cieiieral of Novii Scotia. Surveyor (ienerai's Oliice, .Sir, Hiilif.iX, N. S, 'j;!!! June 1827. I\ conipiiaure witlj your directions, I liavu the honour to send a I'lan of tlie Province of Nova Scotia, uhich 1 hope will meet your wislies ; at tlie same time, I nnist candidly inform you, that it is not {jiven as a luinute and accurate description of all the locations as they actually were laid out, i)ut rather the fj;eneral outline of the dillerent j^ranted lands. Indeed, this Office does not contain the reipiisito niat( rials for conipilinjr such a plan ; the mere outline of tiie Province is perha])s nearly so; liuf even Dessliarres, who was no ordinary surveyor, has left some points nndelincd, and there are no Nurveys wiuitevcr of the nmneroiis streams that dis- charLje themselves from this Province, unless \ou call such the returns of dei>uty surveyors, souu' of whom are wretchedly deficient ; and, in fact, il they had pos- ses.scil al)ility, Ihiii' imrc no vira/is pUiail in the /nint/.s (if ///r Snnci/or (hncval to en.d)le him to proceed in a scientific manner; the conseipii'uce has hi'i'ii, that no ve},;ular settlements (excejit very lately'i have ln'cn formed in this Province; Imt the practice uniformly was, for a man to select a \Wiv of land, and then for him to apply for it, when a warrant was ijivcn to take it wherever it could l)e fomul ; and upon this authority the Deputy .Surveyor proceeded to survey the allotnunt, which if houndinj^ upim a river or a road, he never took the trouble to survey, hut merely fixed upon one point, and then run ])erha]>s the >ide lines, includin;^ perhaps within these lines more water than lami ; and tiiis practice w.is pursujd in the snrveysand fj;rant- iii),; of townships, 1 he starting ])oint was defined, ami tVom that a line, or the external limits, were a.scertained, and a calculation niaclt' in >nu;,' po:.scs>ioil of a lake or barren, as it is cmpii,itic.illy termed ; hence aro.se a friiilt'ul source of litii;ation bciweeii the parties. I shoidd not have thou:;ht it necessiry to say so iiiiuh, only tli;it ])erha]is you iniijhl not be alto^relher aw.ire of the diibciilty there is in compilin;^ a plan liom many thousand sniiill iin|Krfect surveys ; ami now we are rather ol)li;j;ed to fit these sur- veys to the outline of the IVoviiice, than to put them down as they actually are oil the jxi'ound. II will <.lrike you at once, ii|iiiii viewinn' the Plan, tli.it there is, still a scry consi- derable picipoiilon of lauds in ri^dit nf' the Crown, putiiul.uly in the counties of Ann.ipoli>, Shelburne, ( jueen s and I.uncnbiirjj; ; but from ,ill the accounts we have received, I am cnnlideiit that pi. o.io acres 1 i\ ' 148. Uj 1^ a6 APPKNDIX TO COLONEL COCKBURN'S » ! NOVA aCOTIA. — ,'A.)-No. -'. Appendix (A.) ^'' *' COPY of II Lfttri (ioiii i'l-tei' I'lTinr, Deputy Laud Surveyor, to John Spry Morris, \]s(\. Si,-, Pictou, iitli May 1837. YoiiK ("iri'ulur, nriliitc 7tli iillimo, toiuniaiKling mc to ntti-iul Colonel ('ockburn, should he visit thit dintrirt, mid rurnisli him with all the iiif'orniation in my power, I riToived, and pnufeded immi'(ii,itely to eolleet inlormation on the points men- tioned in vo\ir letter, anil have mdvn I lie honoiuot' suhniittinj; the result to you. Should Colonel lliickbimi \i''il llii^ dislviil, 1 "ill tjladly ohey any eoniniands with which lie may I'avoin' w^. I'lisl, in ;nl\i'itiii|; to the Miliject of this i|uery, it will be best to men- tion the tii\Nnshi|iH into wliieh ihedistiiil has lieen divided : to wit, Pietou. Kgerton, and MttNWfltou. Pietou ix the western. In it the land is almost all yranted or located, cxeept sueh lots as lU'e of an nil'erior (piality or in iiunnvenient situations, and therel'oie not tousidered (il liir sell lenient, in dillerent parts throui;hout this town- ship there are probably Ironi two to three thousand acres oi' unjrranted lands; part of It, bel'ore many years, may pmb.ilily he MJUtjhl it'ter, but a great part "ill never beueeounted woilh the ('\|K'iise ot a |j;iant. lC}5ertoi\, the ne\l towiuhiji, eomprehend-^ all tlie Kast River, from its mouth nearly to its sijiiree, and a |; real pait i>l the Middle Ihver. It is all •planted and located, o\cvpt a tract upon the south side, which h is hitherto been (oiisidered too remotely situated, eoii-upposilion, liul theipiahty, |)arti\ from ob.servation of Jthers, I am iiuluceil to beiieve by no means ^ood. I speak generally, lor there aru, no doubl, some ^'ood pieces, and perliaptt of coii'-iderable suv. 'I'lie u'i;;ranted lanil on the KasI Itiver commences about thirty miles from Pictou Harbour by the ( ourscs of the live). 'I'lir tide ihnMt iiliiiiit eiL'lit niiles ol tliis distance, neui' tlie head ut' which is situated the small lotvn of New (iias^'ow. Maxwilton is the casli rn lowiiNliip of the ili>triet, and extends from west to cast, aloiif,' the vhoie ol Mcn^nmi^h I lailioiii , alioiil loiirteeii miles, i be fniiil or northern part 111 llic to\Mnlii|i, to till' cMi lit of alioiil luelvc miles from Meri;^oiiiisli flarbour, in nearly all ioeated, ami a ^reat part of it nettled. Iktween that aud the district line of M. .Mary s in the sonth, and the line of the county of Sydney on the ciut, i^i un^rantdl. 'I'nin is the onlv lar|je body of good ungranted (ami in this district, Cflntaiiiinp; about 40,11011 Keren, rhieliy covered with hard wuo Kxcellency Sir .lames Kempt, also iurveyed and iiiiirkicl oil, in hits of Ji 10 acres each, about I'.cido or 7,000 aires ready for loLaiuin. llm large (i.ict of land i know from personal survey and observation to l)e ot a most excelleiil ipialily, is well watered by llarney'>i Hiver, riiuning into Meiigomisb II uhoni, and tin bratii In s of the St. Slary s, running into the Atl.in- tic; tlie stiiaiiis ale •mall, tins bung tin ir source, and not lit to llo.it timber; there are also stveiai small lakes, sniiie i.l \\lii( li aboiimi in trout. IJo.ii!'. could easily be cut ll. rough It III .my diieilion, to mute the mails of the tliiee .Settlements above mentioned, tin re not being iiiori tli.iii nine niilo belwein the ( vtrenntiis of iiiiy two nl till III I'lsliiiig «(iiild not beiaiiKil on by se:ileii 011 ,iny pari ul the uii'ji.mttd lands in tlie distill t III I'll toil Jil (,>uiiy .My Kiiowlei|i;r nn tin Mib|ei t ol this (|iuTy is very iimilcd, liiil I think l.ir the kind ul pnyinetil you niciiluimil, land niiild be iliai«d. uiiIins |iaiti- l>>' to 1 .')>. per aire . t In < does tml include felicitlg. iiii.iiU ilillii nil, Imi limn ;/, ,;il t,>in I ; M'lllll. I lliiiiK mImiiii I , '. or .'u/. wiiiilil build a 1 imilortable In fur till (juiry. - It IS impovHibie to I. iiid, .IS It hen* ,1 dilli iciil pi III (Hid Milliliiiiii 1 Ini |ii ', ,t linnilii il Ihi II l.lkt II lijl tMllliil ,1 IiiHiiIm I il > ji\i \' II .1 1 oiri ( t nil, I of lb III iM I y ililli ii III Mhi.itiuii .11 II V i III Ir i«, pi I h.iji^ I .n - p.i-l, 1: Niliit of Wilderness often SI Ming for ',/. no I. Mill \vliiili lias t Wiilild II III;: .ilii'M. III/. ;i hill III led. lleri'Mith INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. a? Herewith I have sent you a list of the lots of land grantetl, but not settled ; in this nova scotia. I am not exactly correct, as I have only been {fuided by my general knowledge of ^ ^^^^v the district, and reference to plans. Three or tour thousand acres in addition would f^,, , probably cover the omissions in my statement. I have counted all those lots settled, on which, though containing ,')0o acres or more, there is one settler. Your several rcconnnendations I shall carefully keep in view. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant, (signed) Peter Crcrar, Deputy Land Surveyor. To John Spry Morris, Esq. Rl-ynillN of Granted Lands unsettled in the District of Pictou in 1827. I CIUANTEES NAMES. Jaiiips Armstrong, Esq. - James Robson, li3i|. Jnlin M'Colla, E.«i. Ileirsuf I'liil. Murchinton Dillo MiniRterV Lot GIoIm ilillo - ScliO'il'iia-lcr'-- iliHo Jo!mi Ma(k:iy Pi'lor Kilfiiur Alexander M'tlmiaM William jtidstoii I'liil. Mriclnntoii - riobert Stewart Tli(iiii,i« D.ivHim - (ifurt^r Lilian, Si'hior (ii'iiri;!' I.ii|;aii, juiiior Jaiiiea I.l>^all lliilwrt I i%;\n .liilin, Ihcu^p, anil 1)1 Ming" - ■ -J Jiihri 'lullis - Jiiliii SlixMirt Juhii ,>iul n.ivi.'. M'C.ill WiiiiiniM ('Mlll'^l■ Williaiii I|ipUiI«uii Saniui'l I aiigilln • I'aitii'il loivviril Kt*. of Acres cranlcd. 500 .500 J 40 1,400 200 .100 fjOl) f,oci 4:,o ,r,00 1,400 «io 100 100 100 lOU 400 ',110 ■iV> 400 'l.f.DO I'," I •,;i«4 No. of Grant upon OtMTtX Plaa, 54 53 437 183 43'' 8i)7 4J0 950 299 WIIEUE SirUATED. REMARKS. {2d Division, N. Side uf") I'lctuu Harbour -J - ditto. I Scotch Hill, N. W. of \ I'ictoii. fBetwoen Three • Urook \_ and Caraboi) Uiver. Ilig Caraboo Uland. r.Srolch Hill Itoad to \ lliver John. ditto. ditto. (, ■»■. III % j' I 14S. U4 •28 Al'l'ENDlX TO COLON'Kl. COrKHUllN'S hi m U NOVA sroTIA. Appeiutix (A.) No. 1. liiUirn ol ('inihtctl Lantls mucUk.l iu llii: l)i*lint "1 I'nUm in \^■i^— continued. liUAMr.l> NAMKS. I'.iouglu lorwaiil Alcxaiiilfr Tli;un - Kobcrt .Mhin Gforgi- I'ailritan - .l„liii (■• M.ii-liall William Uai > iiic .lolin Tajlur Uavul I icicliloii - Janicj Suwsit IVtcr M'liau Alfxanilcr Ciai;; - Janus M'Caia .Iaiuc!> M'liilosli KluaUlhM'C.ill - Hev. John Mitch.U Jam. - Mill. - .llllill M-l.lllall Uol»rl riilrrimi AiulrijW Mar-I. ;ll - Ali'XaiKlfr Aroliitidiil J..lin Hnx.i • Wiiliaui M'KciT/n. -eiiio William \!'Ktr/ii, junici l>ami I M'Ki'ii/h- • rlli'liuis W, JallK" .lolih Cmiplwil Janus Miliio. r.*!]. Jaiiirx liiiU il^oii l.li/a i r:is( i Hugli I rasi r JatiH ■• (iillt ■» .Inliii \\"a^^;.iin:r U.il,. rl (,illi(. DohaM Iti'iiciUiHi Ji»lin >tiiuli . Iliili.ti Sdiigi.m Juliri .M'0«iii .!.-,l.ii M Kay All xaiiii" I Iriiv I Juliii laaM-r LilwuiHf .Ml!al»<) N... ,a AlTf (irHUt upon tii-ncrnl WIIKKK SI HA 11,1) ■JO' I 'i:,o 4;i" (III) coo con :?.■." ■iO') ::^4 3o(> joo :;oo V"' •iuo COil »UI COM r.Of")') IIKI ■,()r) 'fjill'i^i-'"ii\V.Suli'Kivcr ''•»" [ Su .li.llll. 1,1-.: ilUtii J-'..'7« iN. W ( (lima ul Cullc^i- "'3 I l.an,l. Illppii Sillliaiuiit. 1'.. •''^•* '( ^,a^■ "1 Uivcr .loliii. 8Hi - - ,!iHo ^ C^ 'f Uivri ,l,ilm Utiail.l PI'itI ' ' \ "-illU limit - -/ UF.MARKS. I'.'miI. I III ail .a \V UiMt 111 \ I'lOlMll. - .lltUi. • ,l,U.i j Ili'lwi'iMi 1., anil Mill, t^ IUmi I iilil-y Kiw I , r.iiu> liiM'i ( llariH \ liivii, Nliirlii- ■'■'" ;\ llll-ll M III tn. 1 11 \||cl. anil \V '■'-' [ !!■ iiiil, li.iiiiiA l!i\.. I 71,7 i W. Hi.iiii li I'l.iiiiiv If ivi r. . I 'ill Vi. Ili.iiiili iliUii iliU... . I . . .,,tl„. |il I 1^ iM. 1, iiai lil H.'il I.Vl I IMM. t (.lal,'. i'.l'^ ilitl.' 4*i') ■ .1.11.1 ilitl.i. i.;S 4' 1 DiviM.ai (Ittl.. ■ •■' 1 DniM Iill.i .,11.1. iliUii. 7 or H Arri'S out ilimii. lait mil settled. - ditto. ,\r.iutl,t)iH)l>crM«old. INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 29 lUUirii of (Jrnn ted Lands unsetlled n the District of I'ictou in 1827- -continueil. N... u( No. uf GIlANir.K5 NAMF>. Acres granted. tirrtiil upuu (K-nrral WIIEUE SITUATED. IlEMAUKS. Ilrouglit lorward Saiiiiipl Cameron - 4r)o /.•,th Division, rear of 82d 1. Grant, Merigoniish, William I'lasi 1 a 00 ("Ditto 2d Itange, K. of Sir \ J. Wentwoith'sGrant. Donald M'I),)iial.l •20f> ditto. Julin Al'KiniKiii aoo ditto. Angus .M'Donald - 500 -97 Uange - ditto. Chailes -M'\ icar - 200 Uangone.\t\Vciit\vorth's. John Tlioinpson n.".'> ditto. Angus M*\'icar 200 ditto. Valentine Laws ;',oo ditto. James Urown 200 ditto. Julin .Iiihnslon 2 00 ditto. Mattliuw Whiio •JOIl ditto. Constaiuirir Adanisiin 500 S.F..CornerWentwcrth's. Aicli[l>..lJ M'Li.m 300 UMiranth Barney sUiver. Alexander M'Donald and | Sont* ' * "J 700 fist Division, rear of 82d \ (Tant. John Cameron 200 ditto. llujih Caniiron 200 ditto. John Smith 420 ditto. Ch,.rU-> M-tico - 4.10 ditti>. Huinahii** M'tico rjno (litM. John Small - - ■Joo Kjd Grant, nd Dlvl^ioll. Alexander Mtjueeii 21111 ditto. Donald M'TloiKild - 200 llilto. David Simpson ;)0o 2d Division, S2d Grant. I.awrinci- M'C.dn 2r)0 chlln. Jameii Campbell 2110 - .hit... HohiTt Dunn 200 ditto. William llaltic 200 r.. Kianch liaiiipy liivei. Sii .1, \Vtniv\oitli - 2(l,r>«l(> - Mornoniuh f ,\bnul 7,000 *i ' and ahoiit l,ouo U'U|iiid hy lull U.I.' 'Id. Acr. . I.O.J.tS (A)-N,). ;;. I.l'.'l"ri".l! Iioin W. 'laylor, lv->(|iiiii., Id {\w I limiuirnlilc ( . M()iii>. *^''". Ciuy!*l)i)i()iiu:li. niili April iSj;. I ii.wi. till' lioiimii to aikiKiwliiljr,. tlic I't'ci'lpi of ytmr imn li-i'stciim'd fiivoiii- «rtlii'i)tli instant, on till sulijt'tt ol (.'olonil ('oikl)iiiii'.s inti'iulid vi-it to tins jilaro, anil his I'.xci'llcniy's ri'inu'st iliat 1 slioniil aliliril liiiii all tin' inH)nnalio!i in my powiT n's|it'rtin^ tin' tilijirls of liis visit. I iu'.; y,m «i|| mnvi'y to liis I'Mt'lli'iiiy tlif a.sMii.uiit' thai iioiliiiif; shall lie uantiiij; on my part to pioinoti' his j,'oo(l inii'iuioii.s, as ri'spL'tt.s tlii-i' ohjcil.s, as lar a,s my loial kiiowicilgc will tnalili' nil'. M*^- E . ivtru't M)\"A SCOTI.t. -\ppendi.x (.A.) No. 2. y .f> ■:,o AI'l'IiXDIX TO COLONIX COCKBURN'S .NOVA SCOTIA. Appcnilix (A.; No. :i. 1 rcirret tliut tlic season is so iinfavomablf for cxploriii;;, owiiiji; to the streams and suamns l)i'inf; full, am! tin- snow not yet <;oiu' out of tlio M'oods ; otlieiwise 1 shoulil Ikivo flit it to 111- iin'iRT, in (oniplianiv with liis J",\iflli'ncy's rf(|U('st, ' ,to tiMvi'isi' an I'xtciisivc trait of mii^ianti'd iaiiil, "iiiili lies noitli-wcst of this townsliii), anil cxtenils in that diriition to the Set I lenient s of ,\ntij!:oiii»h, and westwanllv to the Country Harbour (irant, and to the lands fornuriy surveyed hv me I'or'the reeejition of Mnii^'rants adjoiniui; thereto. This is the only traet of aiiv extent in this district with which I am inia(i[nainled, and I have reason to think that it contains much jriiod land. However, it' the season eontiinies fiivom'- ahle, I trust 1 shall he aide, duriuf; the first \\cck in .May, to aeeoniiilish it. As rcsiKcts the tract lictween \itli the exieplion of two funiiies near Country Harbour Kivir, and a siiiijle man "ho js settled about two miles t'rom it towanU St. Mai'y :; : and ne.irly tlic whole ol this extent is land lit lor Mttliuuiit. Were tliese lands a;;ain invested in the ( rown, it "oulil be of vast imiKUtauce in the fiiniiation of such a settlement as the one lontemplateil. It \Miuld appear, tliat in the oriuinal allotmein of the ('(unuiy ll.ulintir ( !rant. two hniie tracts, one at tiie south-west an^le, cont.unint; about 4,0110 acres, aiid iho other .It the iiorth-we>t ani;le, i ontainiuij abmit .'.iiiin. were left ini.illottcil, there liein.^ probable more laud vcithin its IioiiikU lli.in there were then claimants. The t'ormer ol' ti.esf tracts lies we.st of Country llarhour Kiver, .iiid the main road luiiii throiij;h it, 1 w.is emplovi d about ten years ai;o, hy some persons who pretended to have unsatislied claims lor land in this Ciraiit, hut whiih I have since disiovered Avas oiilv pretence, to lay out lliis trait in ',11(1 ,iere lots, siuilliar to the rest of the Ciraiit, that liiey mii,'lit obtain the lands \\lii( li they 1 homed. I'liis I did at their icipicst ind risk, so far as takiiiLT a survey ol' the mad, and troutiii'^ oH'the lots upon it. .\iid one Hudson, ol' Cotinliy Harbour, who ehiimed 1,01111 acres in the rii;ht ot'his decrased brother, ,loi I lliidsoii, ,1 di»lianiled l.ieutiu.uit ol the rej;i- iiients wliieh wire settled at Country Harbour, took possession of tuo lots, and one IJradford of anotliei'. These lands, !iOwe\er, sii|| remain unsettled, with the exce|>- tion of, I belicM', -'(ill acres, on "liicli the sinj,de man I before mentioned is settled, and uhose iiiiproviinents are very small. I'lie 1 loiioiiraiili .NIuli.ul \\ .lihiee, as the a;reut or assi;;iiee of Sir ,hiiiles U li^riit, v\as entitled to ,00 ,u res lu this ( irant, and had it lo( .tti d in this tract ; and ,hisepli .M.usli.dl, I>(|. lonoerlv,! ( a|it.'iiii iu uue of the rejrimeiits beliire mentioned, li.iii .-dso ,1 suiiihu- el.iiiii, and dreiv -,(111 acres; so that, exclusive of the tuo loe.itions last nienlioiied, .uid the tract settlwl its afore- said, there are yei'n iniide, ind this is a peculiar hardship to the adjoiniiif; wttlers, who have l>eeii obliged to o|M'n ro.uls in dillereiit directions thruiiL'h these lantis, to gaii\ iiccesi to the adjacent Settlements. Were the.se. INSTRUCTION'S AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. these, and tlie tracts I linve inentiomd l)i>fore, escheated, there would I)e sufficient space to Corm nn extensive and compact Settlement ; the wliole within ten or twelve miles of the iiavi^Mon, and on lands through which roads are already opened in different direction?. Lisconih.s is an excellent liarhour, hut the valuable lands lie far from the navi- {{ation, and extensive barren tracts interveni'. Access to the good lands on the new road from St. Mary's to Mus(|ue(loboit, nnist be by the way of these Settlements, and will be subject to a long laud carriage. However, should extensive Enu'gratioii be contemplated, these lands are at present nu)st easily accessible from the navigation at St. Mary's ; but taking into account the unexplored lands first mentioned, Letween Country lIari)our, South River and Guysborough, Country Harbour would be tlu' most central juiint f(U- the 'whole ; and from an esiililishmeut com- menced there, Settlements on all these lands might be supplied with greater faeility than from any other single point within my knowledge. Should Cohmel ('ockburn's arrangements permit, I shoidd be glad if hi.s visit to thi> place might be postponed until about the Joth of .May. as our Inferior Court sits beve the second week ill that nu)nth ; anil being I'rotlionotary, my unavoidabii- engagements in tiiat otiiee would, in the event of iiis arriving mar the liiiie, inter- fere witii tlu' particular attention which I am very desirous of devoling to him, and to the obji'cts which lie has in view. I shall, however, use every eseition to be prepared in case of his arrival at the time you have mentioned. I have the honour to be, \c. v^c. (.signed; //V;//ao;7// 'I'aijlor, Honourable Charles Morris, Deputy Surveynr. Surveyor General, ^c. LI. 1 "lEll from \\ . Taylor, Es((. to Lieut. Colonel C'ockburn. Sir, (iiiysboroiigh, lOth .luiie 1S27. IN onlir to atlonl the lust iiitiirmation in my power of the extent and siiiiMtioii of the ungiaiited and unloeated lands in the I.inver District of the louiity of.'syclney and its vicinity, and tlie navigalile points (roni which they are niest easily accessible, I have eoiupihd a Map of the District, with tlie exception of the coast and liarlKuiis I'roui Caiiso to Country H.iibour, of which 1 have no plans or connected surveys, and have aUo sktteheil the new road from St. Mary's to .Musipiediiboit. To tlii^o J would beg li'ave to leiir for the purpose ot' elucidating the tollowing Stalcments. As respects the (juantity of migranted or unloeated lands which may be reckoned fit for settlement, this cannot be accurately known until they are actually surveyed ; but the following may tie taken as l)eIow tlie actual amount ; viz. The tract between (iuysborough. Country Harbour, and Anti- goniih, marked .\, contains 4(;,in)0 acres ; allow for swamps and broken 'ground, one liiuilh ; remain - - - - Lands adjacent to this tract, |iart ot which were formerly laid oil by oi'dir ot ( ioveinment for the riception ol Kmigraiits, pait lidiiting on the south river of .Antigonish and its lake, and part on the main road between Country Harlmur and St. .Mary's, marked U. 'I'be tract north-east of Milford Haven, and lyinq; between it and St. Georges May, contains about 2-,,()i)() acres ; allow two fifths for barrens and broken ground; remain, marked C. - Lands beluifii .Salmon Kiver and New Harbour, including the ungiaiiti'd lands about the lalliT, marked 1). - AlTCS. ;jiiu!ix^A.^ A {^reat proportion of the Tracts A. and 15. art- f^ooil liard wood land, abonndinj; with ixi'i'llcnl wati-r, hfaiitil'id lakes, and ;j;oiiil situations (or mills. Trout, and, in tluir season, ahwives, arc atiinidant in the streams and lakes that fall into ( ountry Harbour and Sainion Uivcr. The luirthcrn part of the Tract A. lies coMtij;uous lo the main road Irom (iiiv^lmrou^h to Antij^ouish, nliith is a car- riai'c road, and touelies the head of Milford Haven. .Miout half of this tract nii},'hl he made accessible to its navigation, in a di.stance of from ci;,'ht to fifteen miles, hy roads ieadin;.' into the main road, or in a distance of eleven or twelve miles, hy a direct road from the n])per lakes on .Salmon Kivcr, to the head of Milford Haven. 'i"he .voiuhcni ynvl of this tract, and. the lands adjacent, marked I!, are most easily accessible frtim (imntry Harbour. This is an e\celhnt harbour. anit, are at jirisi \U most easily acessihlf from the St Mary s. Sherbrooko villa;,e IS at the head ol'llie iiavijfatimi on this river, and is the jirincipal place of traile in the township, beiiitj; the outlet to an extensive and increasiiii; .Siitlemeiit. A considerable lumber trade is carried on from this place. The road which leads from Sherbrooke into the country is the only coimminication from llie coast into the main load leadinj; to the capital, in tlie wh' le extent from Coiiutry Ilarhour to Sheet H.irl)our. The lii^tance to these lands is from tiMiitytivi' to tiirtv live miles. On the south side of the wi -t branch of St. Marv^ tl raiij,'e nf tine land. This siri.nn is navijrahle lortuiihei, in s|)riii;; and autumn when the waters are hij^di. .About halfway Irom this river to the Sheet I! iihoiir Koail, on ihc niw road to Musijiicdoiio.t, tlure is a lai. e tract ol' jjood laud, hordiiiii:; in many places upon line lakes ; and in the sfrciims connected with lliein there are many j;ood situations for mills. I'ine, spruce, and other suitahle timhers lor Iniildinjj, are in many parts, partiiularly about tlie lakes and streams, in cousiiierahle ijU.intities. Ni'ar the Sheet ilarhour Road there is also ,i tract ol ;,'ood laud, hut I believe il is partly located. ( )ii iithcr )iarls of this road there are traits ol laud of a j.;ood ijuality, but these 1 havt mentiomd are the principal ones. 1 would here hej; leave to sii;;^'est th ro.uls "ell explored and laid out in dilliieiit lure IS an exli iisive 1 tiir llat boats or canoes "^P,vn toe propriety of li.iviiiij • sniue general lines for - , .. iinilious, and in the lust situations, through the principal traits which I li.ivi' disriiliid, coniiccliii;; with those already opened, before any plan of allotting' tluiu is adopted. The convenience and interest of the Nell lets will depend much ujion their kn rwinj; ;.t first where roads are to be made, and in having; as many lots frontin;^ on them as possible. .\iid it should be remeinlieivd, that lew situations in this country idiiiit of a f^ood road bciiif^ made for any ;,'reat ilistuntc u;ioii, or even ne.ir to, il direct i- INSTH' (TIONS A D REPOiri' 0\ EMK'.llATIns. 33 ii ilircc't linu or j;( ik r.il bound. i. ) Ix'twccii .ks or i'«ii,' out ; any deviiitioii from wliicli woiiM (lijn |(.irt of'ti. tliroiii;li tiii'ir own laiuls to such roads. •ifloH |)r \i()usly laid -,ttlers ol i.,niiiy; access -luiations wli . tlu'y would lie wholly ettled. Island llarboin-, C'oddcis, Itaspberry and .Molasses Harbours are also convenient situations, and the lands about tliein are to the best of my knowlcdire wholly tiii;rraiited ami unlocated. IJcsides these there are many other inlets ami islands which wotdd fiu'nish conve- nient situations for lishernum, particidarly the mnnerons islands about ("anso, nuist of which are yet at the disposal of the Crown. And to this class of Settlers there are few situations in any C(unitiy \vliere a jj;reater abinulance of lish may be taken, convenient to the residence of those eniployeil in this business, than in several ofthii places which I have mentioned. Before conclndinj; this Iteport, I hcff pennission to express a hope, that the central station of Cinysbcuougfi or Milford Haven, as respects a very considerable proportion of the uni.rranfed laiuls in this district ; it;, convenience to e.xtensive iisheries ; its safety and accessibility for shijipini^ at all seasons ; added to the natiM'.d beauties of the scenery about it, of whieb yon ami the >i;entleim'ii accompany- ing;; you were pleased to express your admiration ; will induce you to consider it as one important station for an estai)lisbment connected with the settlement of these lands l)y I'.mijfrants. .And in view of this I am authorized to state, for your further informa- tion on this subject, that --hould there be amongst the I'.mifjjrants any I'ni;lisli or other Ibiiish farmers desirous ol purchasing- lauds in a situation possessing .so many adv.mta^^es, there are several excellent farms borderinj^ on this harbour, and some of them commaudinj; views of the surroundinj^ scenery superior to what you saw, which are for sale upon the most reasonable terms, the present owners havinjr ineumberetl them by cny;a^inf; in the Iisheries, and nej^lecting their cultivation. In rcfereiu'e to the expense of eleariiif? new lamls for crop, that is, for chopjiin}; down uv bin'ninj; oH' the whole, 1 have made extensive impiiries, and I'roui my owii knowiedf^e eainiot rate it below 3 /. per acre. I have no idea of what it would cost to extract the stmnps when they are }ireen ; it is not practised in any part of this eonr.try. Tiie best season for peeliiij; rinds is from tlie middle of .May to the middle of .Iidy. 'I'he expense of a hut Imill of round lo;j;s or poles, with a floor of the same, s(piait'd o or .'inodo could not he llinnd in a hlock ; and that the lands have i)ccn so pi(ked, that not ahovc one hall dl what remains is tit tor cultivation. Mr. Miller has no positivi' iiifonnafion respediuf; any other districts, l{e miles ol'/A/s la:, n, lands can lie houjjht o( first-rate (lualily, and roads running; throuj^h them in ditlerent directions, and ini- uiediately (oinuinnicatin^ with the great llalitav Koail, lor one dollar per acre. Till ahovc gentleuuu are of opinion, that, jierhaps, Iroui the vacant lands nl' the Crown still reniainiui; in this district, a very i'e^v iiiij;ht he t'ouiid that WfHild iVti h 3\. or perha])s .) >. ])er acre, hut the aveiai,'e value ot the iciu.iiiiini; vacant lands vvmild ceit.iinly not averaire more than ^i. ](/. and would not co\er tlie value of thedraut lees. CnUhester, in which is the towushii) ol Truro, is reck(Uied a tavoiirite district from its situation. Its land would average at rather a high rate. The average wages ol' tirst-raie lahourers ;d)out jj/. ])er year, light dollurs |ier nuuilh, and tor a .shorter jieriod, trom J <. lu/. t.i ;;a. per day, exclusive ol provi- .si(uis. which latter may he estimated at I v. lu/. per day. I he su])ply ami demand for lahoiir is at this lime aliout eipial. Price of pcuk (salt), per pound, 4 ' d. ; hcef, ditto, ;](/. ; flour. ])er ])oiiiid, .'{(/. District of Colchester might, perhaps, sujiply from I(Hi,0(>o to ijo.ihhi lbs. of jioik annually, aiul ahout the sanu' (|uantu\ of hee/'; but perhaps these are esti- mated ton high, and it would he in arer cornet to sav So.Oii > Ihs. of e.ich amuiailv. The call Illation is, however, on supposition, and without good grounds to oH'cr it jis sudicicntlv correct to lie relied 011. Poietoii, Jjih May iSj;. Road Ironi I'riiio, lirst tveuty miles hilly, ami none of it very good. Informa- tion at Truro applies in gre.tt measure to this ]ilace. Ilarhoiir at Poietoii e.xteiisive and excellent. The entrance to it rather narrow in jilaccs, particularly near the bar. The town of' Poictou compact, and a good deal of liusims> going on, ship- building .ind lumhcring in particular , the latter rather on the decline. For other particulars, .see .\lr. Cierar's Jleptiit INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. NKW BRUNSWICK. lHii(lix(l!.) No. I. ;l!.WNo. 1. I" XTR ACT" from a I.cttcT iuldressrtl to Lieutenant Colonel Coekburn, by A. \Ve(l(K'ii)iiin, !'!s(j. Dated Saint .lohii's, New Drnnsivitk, i.st May 1SJ7. -\\ itli Inclusiiii's. IN coinpliantc with your dcsiiv I liave forwarded lo Halifax, vii'i \\'inds()r, two nt.w nniixswiCK. axiN for you. One I liave bad i;iouiid ami a Iiandle put to it, tluit a sauiple may be i;i\en of tlie axe usi'd bere in its (inislieil Ntate ; tlie otliei- i.s just as it came from ■''l the bauds of the blaek-miitb. 1 bave also done myself tlie honour of foi-Win \'c)u lind working thus u]m notbcr man's land as advantagecuis to you as aiiplsiug )(Hir lahoiu' to vour nwn.' T he C.implii 11 l-:md having been cbojipi'd down when 1 wtiit into the Settlerient, I found it convdiieut hu' me to use it until 1 could clear some of my own ; but ,is 1 am now geltuig a-head with my own lanil, 1 would imt continue to work lor him. 148, E4 u. Had ' fll I N I ^.T M.W 1 lU NS\MCK. .\p|t'ii(ii\ i a.) No. 1. 36 Arrr.Nnix ro colonkl cockiuun'.s 0. Had vou anv iiioiuy uliiii yim went into tlii' A\ Oods : 1 had I'limij^li tn ]uiiTliasc ;}/. worth of potatoi's, .l v. worth of seed oats, ami lialf a bushel of hiiek wheat. 7. Had you any assistance in elearinj^ your land, and puttiii;; in your crop- None, fmther than receiving; lour days' work from nei^hhours, .\hich I repaid by working; tlic like number lor tlieui. >. Are you a .sinijieor married man: I ^ot married last year. 9. Have you l)eeii able to support yourself and wife upon yoin- place ' 1 have. I was enabh'd to procure a barrel of lisli, rud a barrid of tlour, ami a cow, with the money 1 earned in o[)cninj; a public road tor Cjovern- ment fhnuij^h the Settlement. ID. What stock have yon now upon your lot ' Twd cows and a pij;. 1 1. Have you any ]iroduce to disjiose of at market at present ■ ^'is ; one hundred bu^hcN ot potatoes, twenty to thirty of oats, ami twenty ot'liuek wheat*. rj. AVill not vo\n- sellin;; sti much di^ablt you from ])]antm;; iicM sprilii; ; by jdin- lindiuL: it ditii- uit to j;et seed sliiudd you oe short ol it No ; my seed at ])resent is m)t Mry good ; and i will put myself \ti some incon\euience to i;et better. 1 ;. Will the Settlement derive any advant.ij.'e tiom the openiiij,' of the roads to Martin Hiad and Su.ssex \ ale - Yes. 14. State any - Alnadv we have loinid the advantaf^e ot the Maitm Meail Ito.id. by briii'Miifi salt by it (or our provisions, whiih wt arc ^'eiiuij.' able to salt, us well as pro(urinj; otlur supjiliis through a distance ol only ei^ht to liftccn miles land (aiTiaf:e, when lulore we had to fft from (orty to lorty-five. The middle pari of the Settlement will liiid the road to the \ all' viry ronveiiient to procure suijjilies ol hay. Sic loi their cattle. I ',. How do the Settlers in ^'eiicral feel lowaiils (iovennmnt W'v are all |)rotcstants ni the lowei part o( the Scttleiuelit ; we are vei-y thanklul to the (iovemor lor i 1 d.oiihl .ilw.iys In aliaid I (iiuhl not pay It. iS, Mould not ill, it li (linji make Villi wmk In tier' I am ali.ud it wnuld 1 nu nu tun mij(l.. ■ \'.ilil. .1 ll.i'i 11. till Si It.i II. I M . I'll lliislii |. I'l : ii.ii'. .! I ., |i 1 1 1. -1, 1 1 j» I ■ M I'.ii'l.i :• 1 1 iif. - .1 . ■, .li <. ihii.. .1 lllislllll Dllvjk Ul.l.ll. .1! 4<. tlillM .1 I . 1 - I i: I I I. 'Ihiit 1 INSTIUKTIONS AM) RKI'OUT ON EMKHIATIOX. 37 i(). 'I'licri do you incaii to say, tliat poor as you were wliciiyou wont upon .m:\v Biu nswick. your lauds, voii would ratlier jro so ajfaiii tiiau incur the *iel)t and ol)lihels polatoes, two b.irrels lloui'. two barrels lish, a little tea and molasses, .ind consider the milk ot a iin* as a vir\ giiMt bcnelit and >aviiig. II. \\ hat tr.iili liavr uiu I am a .Shoemaker. I J. Do \oii gel aii\ \toik ill llie Niltlemenl \'er\ lilile , I Miineiiiius make lor a neighbour, ami he pa\s me bv work- ing aL'.uii liu iiic Ml some other wmv. (Kigiifd) 'l'fivniti\ J)ii//ii/i/. l<\ THI''. following l.\.uiiiuaiiiiii Is nitenthd to sjiow ihe iiupro\rnieni made liy anotlMi I'.migr nil, who c.ni u il a siii.dl sum in sup|i|ii s wiih liim iiilo the Settle- incnl I ha\e «taled the value of these supplies at the price he actuallv pjid l.jS. I' for 38 APPENDIX TO COLONEL COCKRURNS f KEW BHixswicK. for tliciii, and alst have //«(7//o;7<(/ his pri'sent stock :iiul iiiiproveiiients at what — ~" is ;i lair vaUiation, so as to aH()nl as clear a return as possihle ol the produce of I^'u'^ Ills capital ami I, ihour, diirinj; the period of his residence. It must also be ob- served, that as he is now placed in a dei;ree ol' i(i)iii>an:tirc wealth, his ini- pnivemeiits (/'// a conliniuDicc of his iii(Iiisln/) will advance in a nuich more rapid ralio than dining; llu' first five years of his residence, wliidi will appear Ity the lollowing Statement. J(imi< Mc.vii)i(lrr.- i. WHAT Su]ij)lies did yo\i take into the Woods witli you on first settling;, and where :i\{ Hctf ysay) •', jialloii-. Mulasses ; ilo. Hum .i Ihs. lea - l"i 1!)>. Su-jar - I ( ow 1 .Sow .... 1 .\xe. lo<. 1 Hoc, -,v. (ill. .Jn bushels ol' l'otattiiik, i\clusiveof your (lothiii;,'. when vou went out .' ^'es. J. What family had you r My wife and self .4. .'\t what time of the year did you pi lu voiir i.uid "• In the month 01' N'o\ciul)ei. ,S. iiiiw Inti'^' did yciur provi>ion> last von " I Mtil the 1)111 .Au^'iiM tiilliiwiiij^'. wju'ii MiM- new crop Imj^mii to yield. ('. \\ hat ( I'll]) did yon laise the lirst year ' One hiiiulreil and lifty bu.sheN of potatoes, twenlv-'.cven biisheN ol bui 1 wheat, and four bushels of rye. -Cost from (is. to Sj. 7. Did yiiu punlKiM' any Hour fh.it vear ' Nil ; ] M,|d all 1 touli! .spare oil' my land to protine other necessaries. S. Did you j,'et ni debt r No' 11. Ila^c ynii any family ini.v ' Three liiildren. 10. Mint (inamify i>f land have you now clear, mil what stock .ind iinprovc- lUl'lltl luvr you ^'i.t • I'wiiity acres (Idled, , it Sn.^ per .icre - .' ( ohh ■ J .Mecrs --.... I Mart' III toal • ", *>lici p >' llo^s I lilllM . I M . I si,,| llaities> . I'liii liasi .1 fiirnitiiic t!i i. Si) - - I .' - - 7 \< - .] ■! " IJ lu - ') * ~ I ID - .\niouiit due to iiic loi road w»rk, \t is \ How lonf; docs it employ you to hnild .such a house as you inhabit ":■ I uiadc a //•i)//V of till- [icople in the Settlement, and got my neighbours to put u|) the w.dls in two days. I afterwards finished it. 1 dug the cellar niyscit in eight days. if). How many miles are you fron\ St. John '. I'orty miles. 17. How nnich do yon think a family, like yours is at iircsent, would require upon first going into the Woods, in provisions, cjolhing, blankets, cooking utensils, beddnig, axes, I've. &c. '■' Eroni ;)o/. to ;?,-,/.; that would keep them well until they began to raise their own crops, when, if they have good land, they nnist then manage for themselves. iS. What articles will support yoj/r family i'or the same |)eriod, independent of clothing, ami as you are now placed ' Three barrels of flour (one of wheat and two of rye tlour) ; one barrel of pork; oiu' ditto of tish ; six j>oinuls of tea; ten gallons of nu)lasses ; one hundred bushels of jK)tatoes : value about 'Ji/. currency. I'pon tlnse we cm live in good working condition, until we get a fresh sup|)ly by our own labour. 19. Recollect yourself, ami say, if any part of your answers be more or less than u simple statement of facts, as they have occurred to yourself;' I can swear to the best uf my recollection that they are so. (^signed) James Alexander. 20th April 18J7. Appendix (B.) No. 1. au M \i i\y, .1 1 I am personally aecpininteil with the character of the Settlers from whom the foregoing answers were received, as well as their situation and condition in the .Set- tlement, which, with very few exccirtions, may l>e considered a fair sample of the district. The ratio of labour perfornu-d varies materially, according to the /h/iv/w/ force of a family. In the space of a few miles, I noted tlu' labour iu twenty-seven coiics, uuJ found it as follov\> : During u residence of live ytars, 13 Fnmdie.s had cleared from 10 uiid such people wur.s4- ott° at the expiration of Hcveral yearx, thnii at the momciit they landed in the country; if they receive high wage.'i lor theii Uboiir, they are most iniprovideiit in their hi;bits, and H'ldoii) lay by any thing tortile allegeme to the I'rovince; but 1 am not nri|iiaint< d with a single ease where un iiidiistiioiis man has gone diredly upon laiul, that land being of a good (pialily, without tendering hmiself and family tolerably comfortable, and ampiv siip|Kirted in the courae uf a lew yearK. 1 look upon 14». ' k2 DutlieM '•f I, Do AIM'KNDIX m ( Ol.OXI.L COCKIU'IIN'S 1-^ K>:w uiu NsvMCK. l)\irt'u'lil (sei' KMimiimliiiiO uh imor ii iniin as could liavo luavod tlif dillicultics of fir>t si'itliiiL', ImiI lii> nidii-liy lian ^ivcn lii> faiiiilv a livililuiod, and soinethiiig Api'inilix 0') .-ii ,11 N,'. 1. •''•'" '" ^' • A> tlif MviUiiinaliiiii'. >M'rc tiik( ii witluiiit any (itliiT motive than to actjiiin' an ar- finati' kno\\ltilj;c ol a di'-lriil \mi1i uliidi 1 liavc a ^ood di'al to do, 1 nnist ri'(|ni'st yom- iiididm'Uii' to llii'ii waul nt' iin ullicial I'm in ; I can, however, voueli I'or their aeenraiv- My laol ^i''il I" 'hi Nillleniint was in Octolier, l)iit SettU'is are with nie almost every thiv. (signed) .1. n'iilil< rln/ni. Major County Militia, and Secretary to St .lohii, N'l'w iliiinswick, tile A. and K. Society. isl May iSj;. (il.)-No. J. KXTIlACr IVoin a l.rllii addressed lo l.ieiitriiant Colonel Co(kl);irn, by .Indue Ilol.slord. 1 )ate(l Suekville, 7th .June iSj;. A|'|'eiiui\ n. ■ f HY the return o( Mr Simlh, I hid tlu ])leasure of hearin;; ol' \oiir safe arrival nt 'I'riiro. and wa'i ^litd to le.irn I hat lielore you left it you had an opportunity of receiNinj; hi!i l(e|ioil, indaUolhal ol Mi M'l.auehlin. 'I'iie very favourahle accoiinls those (ientleincn ^ivc ol the |iarlH ol the (niintiy which they expUu-ed, must have iillindtd \oii nun h silishK lion, .is they lend lo prove tlial thvic are lart;e tracts of iiii|.'ranied laiuls tM II .id.iptiil, limii the n.itnri' ol the soil, and Iroiii ilicir local situ- ation, lor the sedleiiicnl mid a((iiiiiiiiodation of thousands cif r.iiii;:i.nits. I have here ltron;r iiidication.s of I'ci'lilily ale ovei looked or londcinned as sterile and unlit ler cultivatinii. In many pLiccs laniKlhil wcic at liisl 11 jet led, liaNc liei 11 since liKated, and ha\e lieen loiiiid, on cult i\ at loll, to III eipiiilK as pi odiicli\e as those ili.it were thought « Inch t\veiity ye.ils iifio \(oiild not li.iM liceii reiei>cd as a |;ilt, are now in ilcm.ind. and contain ,1 soil hi^^lily iiroiliiili\c. When hiniU, iherelore, are pionoiiiKcd lo he ^ood hv pt rsoiis who ■live cxpioied lliciii, and who have no inlcre.sted motnes to make liiUe reprcHeiitii- tiolH, II may l.iilK In iiileind that iIi-n are so. I was iinu h ;:ratMied at licarili;r so ^niod report iii.idc nl the Hue) ol land Iviii;; IicUnci 11 Miraiiiii !ii .iml llic jli ml ol the i't III ilili.ii Uhii, rheihslrfiiii' IS .ihoiit >(\ciil\'Si\ miles, .iinlilic >oil will eal- ciilaieil lor the si ii h iiiciil ol I, migrants ( III limkiii;; ll the .Nlipol'the I'lovince Mill will oliMiu lliil lliis loiite wil! iiii.xs the '^licdiii , ( oi.i;.'nc, ChehiictoiK h, and |{i( hihiK to ItiNii ., Imm which aliiiml.int supplies of lish (.111 he olitaiiied ; and the harhoitrs at the etill.ince ol xcver.d ol tlieiii VNill airord 1 oiiMiiient piaics for the disemh.iik.ilion of lMMi^;ranl>. Ihcii' is aiiollit i' very iiiiportant iili|i(t, which the M'ttleiiieiil III tliii Irml ol iiiuntry wiiiihl piiiiiiiiii , undwiiidi uujihl he 1 onnected with (III piiipii'Mij SI liciiii III r.iiii)^'! ilion. I alliiih lo il„' iiiakiii;; it a direct ro.ul Iroiii ihe llriiil III ihe I'l III iiiiiliai to Ni wc.i-.tli', and wliiih wiiiild liirin a very coii- siilci.ihle seilinii ot ihc 1 onleiiipl.lted coiiiiiiiinii ilioli hitwiin il.ililax and (^iieliec, h\ thiuay ol the II isli^oiii li, ll h.l^ alw.ivs appe.ired lo me of the ntiiiost .statistiial iin|iorl.iiiii In the lliilidi Norlii Ainein.in .' Ionics, ami in ease uf u wiii' wilh the (lilted Males, higlily nei cHs.iry lo llieii |iiiiit del. 'ice, tli.it their otherwise isolated am! dl^lallt leniloricH >hoii|il he 1 iiiinei led li) .1 ;;ood I'o.id ol coiiiiiiunu alioii. io you, .Sir, »sliose knowledge ol lliis lotintiN i^ --m iKiir.itc and evli'lisive, I need not ti» observe, ih.ii ihc route lioiii llalilax to (Jucliei , h\ the !(isii|riim lie, would on many aci oiinis he |iielci.ilili' lo the oiii now iisi d hy the w.i\ oldie river St. John ( >in de- ( ideil ail\.inlii^e il wool | \u\\t , llial orinnii; one luiiiilred nnles shorter. 'I'lie Itoail Iroiii ILihlas liillie llciid nl iIh I'lli lomliai , a distaiue of one hiiiulri'tl uiui einlily 7 niiiex. th INSTRUCTIONS AND Rl'l'OllT OX KMIGRATIOX. 41 \pp iidix (B.) No. 2. miles, is iilii-ady m i^ood oiu- (or cari-iii^cs. The averaf,'i' ("ipciisc of inakinpf a road \r.w brlnswick. through till' M'ihlciiicss is jroncraily cstiniatcd at loo/. ciiiTuiuy per iiiiii'. I think tliat it would cost DIOR- to make it passahli' for caniajjcs. The sum of 10,000/. in my (i])inion would make the piojeeted loute from tlu' I5eiid to Newcastle a j^ood road ; and it certaiuly would facilitate the settlenu'ut of many families of Emigrants. I confess i am struck with the importance of this jjrojuct, upon whidi we had .some con versatioK when I had the jileasure of sccin-i; you ; and the nion; I reflect upon it, the more am 1 stnuk with the i)eariug it will have u|)oii the settlement of the Kmigraiits, and upon the line of c(uuunmication with (^iu'i)ec. Tlie route lately explored between Newcastle anlcmcnts is too liberal. If fish is given, he |)ar- ticularlv recommends tlic f.il uiackarel and the -ea shad, boti of \vhi( h weie cheap, nourishing, and Mii\ up parti( iilarly well with potatoes. Mr. (Iiap|)ell paid nine ili'llars an acre for clearing and burning some laud last yiar ; that is llavin^ it {rij ired for crojts, iiiit wi/l/nii/ /r/iriiij: ; the iIiiiii;j: 'cliicli in the case of the ^ni 'rants lots would bi' useless. 'I'here is a tract of about 1,1100 acres of heavy- tinib. •d liard wood laiul close to him, the which he has no els of .'ii(( t(Uis ami upward> aie soiuetiiiies limit here. 'i'lie harliours of Tugwash and lianishag, about lifteen and thirty -I'llis tov.astward, are good, parti- cularly the latter .\ppondix fn.) N"-;i.' II I . do- lt oail iighty miles. M^> I" ,1 * n *)i 4i Ari'ENDIX TO COI.ONKL COCKHUIINS liFFOHT (if Gii)i;;c \. Snntli, Siirvi'vor of tlic Pioviiiic of New IJrunswick, on ail Kxplorntion in tlio I'arislics ot liillslioi'o', Ho|H'wo11, anil part of Salisbury, in tin- Cimiity of Wi-stiiuiri'land, in olii'dii'iice to Instructions reciiveJ from Colonel Cofkliutn. IJciul of IVtt'CiMnlinr, 17th May iSaj. t NEW BRIX^WK K. Apppiicli\ B. N.^ 4. 1^:7, Mav jStli. Li't't till- Ilcnd in a boat at M'VfU o'lloik this nioniin^s and arrived at \\ ildoii Crci'k, a distanie of twelve uiile>i, in an liour and a halt, i'ro- (■e^'iled ui> tlii- (reek until wf t to tlio rear Mnes of the j;ranted laini<. Thoe lionl lauils are luctly will settled, and are ihietiy vahialile tor the meadow laiuls, aiul their ]ir<)\imity to the I'eteeoiuliae Ui\er. A youii;: man, called Sleeves, has removed haek on aeeount ol' the Mipi-riority ot' the soil, althoM(:;li liis family possess imieh land nearer tiie river, where lie could have made his ehoiie. Onward I'nuu the "ranted land>, the woods indicate f;ood tracts, heiiii; ( hielly the larger liard woods, with oieasioii.il Im\lul•e^ of iish, hornheum and alders. Contiimed wi'st- south-west, the !zrowt!i rather iniprovin;;. Ascended fartlier to the west, and on the upper ]).irt of thi' hill ^'ot an extensive view of ((intinuims tracts id' hard wood, mixed with spruce and henilink Dt-Nccnded in a winding ot, surrounded hy prolilic and roniuntic moun- tains, >iiovvcd, hy its heautilul |>iit(hes ot <;reensW)ird, that it re(juires only the hand ol industry to render it an enviable letreat. Pushed lui to the loot of the western hill, and >kirteil its ba.se to another (arm, wltith is (>e(iipied by Sam .Ste-eves ; has u wile and nine children ; iiad sowed three bushels of wheat, and wtu harrowiiiir with u iTUtcbed liarrow, the crutch too lon^; and narrow ; U'tter have « short wide one, tor stumps, with live or sc\en ti-eth. Ascended the vale throujjh laiul that cannot Ik; exceeded ; immense elms, a-.h, rock maple, birch and honilH.'ani ; the swales a rich black alluvitui. The same tine ;;rowth contmucN up the mountain ; heie, in a maple ^rove, .Stitves and his son made nine bundled weight ut su^r last year ; be had 1,200 cassoos (ves>els tor receiving; tiie >ap' st't, and yet had not tapped one ImlC ot the trees. \\ hen a perMUi cMcupies a " Siiitarie," ^in all cases uugranted"), makes " troughs and Ivirks," builds Ins camp and brings his Irail.rs there, he is considered in posses.Mon of the place, and calls it his " l'rivile(je." Under such a rijflit, Steeves has faiint d out this i^'rove dunn^; the last sprni^, and ^etii u ei'ituin pro|Mirtioii ol' the sn^ar made. Maviu'/ gained the summit ol the inoiintaiii, I'oiind it lormed a most extended table land , examiiied it, aixl loiiiul tin- piod l.uid still continue. I'roni llie northern brow, the wide f;rowili, yet scarcely bnildcM, alVordi^' an op|Hir!tiuity of viewiiij; ;in iiunieiise body ol line land every where aidiind. the Jilue Hills withdrawn lielnnd tlu' Keiid, ami the smoke ol clearinj; lireswhich ap|>eai to ari.se from the Koxlniroiigh Nittlemciii; after dcsicinliiif; a little to the west, duicovered u line s|iriti^' ; and ;u> the ni<;lit was closing in, we halted and encaniiH-d. May liitli I'p in time to see the riMUi; sun t;ildinir the tops oC the distant fore.st. Stailcil ; ed^'ed down the hill to the west, haiiie growth . dismveretl a seam ot coal ill a lid^'c down tlu mountain; burned some ol' the nurtace splinters, and tiiinid them consiniie very well, lonsideiin;; their iiileriorily from lyiii^; on the top; ( rossed a |.'ieat number ol stieaiiis lallin^j into Turtle (reek, and at leii^^th the main branch. Tlu«e siicuns diviile liUj^e rid,^! s, the general diaracter ol whuli is line hard wood 011 the heij;lits. with sm h (.'roMhs in the llats as indiiate ^'oml iiuadow hind. Mil ,01 old bla/e on a In cell, whiih I )oiriui recoi^ni/ed •sh.ivint: been made by hiiii tweiily-li\e years. njn; ( ut into it, and (oiinted the ).,r()wth ol the tree siiii i it w.is made, whuh ix.utly agreed with his assertion. lie says INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT OX EMIGRATION. 43 says liu is pcilirtly a('(|iiaintu(l with tliis district, ami tiiat the i^ood hind extends new Brunswick. four or five luih's to the northward, and all the way to Shepody in a coiitrarv • ~7~,r>^ oireition. Onward, erossed one <>1 those very steep ravnics or aljnipt ^lens, !)etween \„ . th.e mountains, whieii are here eaih'd " \'aults." The i)anks on eaeh side are nearly > ^^ » jterpendieulai-, heinij about Jiio (eet liii;h, and certainly not more than ,]')() feet ;isunder at the top. Haviufi; erossed the tahle laiul Ijeyond this, met the Jirst ril! lallinii into C'overdaie River. After having met several streams, and a very small space of inferior land, ascended the hii,diest nmuntain which as yet lay in the route. Sol't woods from the base to witiiiu half a mile of the top, wli.'n a beech i^rove begins and the rocks apjiear ; lurther up, a line <^rove of maple, tall and wide, allowed of ii mi>st int'.'restinf^ view of the wooded hi'ls, table hinds and valliys mectini? the eye in every direction, all covered with hard wood, iniersi)ersed with everffreens, stretching; into the deciduous tracts like pr()nu)ntories and bays. Reyond the brow and inward on the |>laleau. met a beech ridf^e, solely beech, for a ([uarter of a mile, and then an instant transition to rock maple, with the largest firs I have ever seen, and which indicates the first ijuulity of land. IVoceedetl onward about two miles throuj,di this growth, iviul descended gently through admirable hind ; ])artly down the UKunitain di.seovered a blue haze, whieii led nie to conclude we were near Coverdale River; still descended, and when down, got into an intervale. Having been almost cloyed these two days with repetitions of the most desirable tracts for settlement and delightful travelling, nature seemed here detennined to furnish us with a rich treat. The growth is of the most luxuriant and ])ictures(|ue description ; tliesoil is the finest alluvial deep dark mould ; and the under brush presents a great variety of flowering shrubs, amongst which the '• bush cranberry ' (tamarind) was everywhere hung with clusters of its rijuiu'd fruit, which were very refreshing after the toils ot' the day. Through this intervale runs C'overdaie River, on the banks of which we pitched our woodland camj). After refreshment, I left the Frenchmen ill the camp, and went down the river to find some settlement, in order to discover where our route cros.sed the stream. At about three and a half miles reached the clearing of William I'erkins. He seems to have chosen this place liom tenor twelve acris of intervale lying there; the intervale isoidy middling, and the surrounding lancN not worth clearing, being an excejition to all I have yet .^ceii in this district ; nays, lie knew nothing of land when he settled there ; sows five |)ecks wheat per acre, and has about twelve to one iiroduce ; sells at 7 v. (!'/. a bushel, (kits cost •J V. perbn-hel ; buck wheat sells for ■',,';. per bushel ; be sows three peeks ])er acre, and has thirty to one iirodiui' ; he pays U'J v. Od. an acre and lioaril to a man for felling, junking into ti'ii feet lengths, and trimming oti' tlie branches ; thinks it costs liim 'ij V. ()(/. more to burn and make iit for harrowing. He says, the land on the road from his farm to the mill on I'aulel River is poor next the streams, ami hard wood between ; all up lietween I'aiilet Uivcrand ( dver- ;" would have gone further up, but spent his means iu buililii'.g and clearing where he is. .May Jutli. The conseipience of not having the lands o|hmi ami cleared away round low flat grounds was very striking here this morning, as the interv.ale was lovcreil with I. oar iVosl, and the ground considerably frozen. Keturning very early to the e.i .ip, found the high l.mds nntoiichcd uith the cold, but, on dcsniKling to the camp, felt the liost ag.iin. {{itrcslu'd, ind st.irted to e\plore to I'aulct River. On le,i\iiig (.-oMiilale a small swamp oi(ur>, \ liich entirely ili.sap|)ears on asiciiding tl;e heights. Onuard, nearly south-west, crossed many stre.ims and ri^ng grounds and valley >, but not any so high or .so tiT.-tl.n)ii;:li siniilai-lini' tracts as liitlicTti). Ucc-msM'd tlif I'iiiilc't liivd-at tlii' lalls, to "liicli I liail l)irii attiartcil l)y the noise of tilt' cascailc. It is oiif of the most iileasinnly ])i( tiirt'M|m' I vwv saw, ancenilcil the river ahoiit a mile, and had to lord ai ross, l)eiiiif too wide to fell .1 tree ; and the iriowth on its banks, the shriibliy kind. Went on in the .MJiith-easterlv course, throii.u'h as line land as ever, but in places rather rocky. Heached the head of the southuest branch of ( 'overdale Hiver, and descended into the vallev or intervale ; line .Miil. Proceeded about two miles up, to a very lar'c meadow", when- the stream forms a clear rapid stretch, «i and attack the |>orciipiiie ; his father was very uiieasv, and alter whoopiiij; and hallooinf.j, the report of his j.jiiii told us lie wa.s near. When he eaiiie uj) we jiroeeeded in ipiest of water, and reacbiiif,' a mountain .sprinir which trickled a«ay into a little rill, we formed our c imp and refreshed, and went to rest. .Mav J 1st. — IfaviiiiT encamped on the eastern a.scent of a considerably hi>;Ii bill, openly tlothed ^Mtll liard wiiod. the beams of the nioriiiii;: sim bad unsealed our slumbers by a i|iiartcr before live o'clock j refreshed, and started immediately. .\fter i,'etting over this mountain, crossed several streams, and j^ot into a district of low level land ; the growth ^uch a^ iiuiitates good gr.i/.ing hinils, when mltivated. The day being wanii, tMs moist land was rcfri's!;ing and agiceable ; met a roughly bla/ed line ; pursiit d it for about a mile ; and iiy the ni.irk XI II I. ascertained it to be a line laid out by Mr. I'almer, tliroiigb l.inds thought vei eligible lor vettleinenf, but the House (if .\s>eiiibly did not think lit to lemiiiurate him for w/ml be bad done, and the thing lies over; it i> a recent project. Hence "cut clue south, through an extent if tIo\s lug green wnod land, linely waterc-d. I'rosseda number of sM'eams tlowiiig towards ( .ipe I'.nrage on the l)a\ of Fiiiidy. The l.ind, although evidently declining towards the sea, rises from the Imver nioi>t l.iiid-. that I h.iil just parsed; and that dcMription of wood which I iiiit in the lorimrdays ionrney re-appeared. ^A.-cended gently to .111 ama/iiigly line table land of bard «iiod ; ((iiitiiiiied along this be.uitilul iidge. and from the highest point could see no bounds to the .same kind (li land. M\ guide and atteiidiinls agreed that it extends nearly to St. M.irtin's Head on the miiiiIi wist ; lur many miles 10 the north-east ; anil nearly to the- shore nil the .south ; uith doirable mi.\tiires of .soft wood. .Measured .1 black birch, which at lour and a hill'fett from the ground iwlicre the Irniik was nearly as ihiik as it Was tor sever.d lect higher , and joiind it loiirticn feet .iiid a little niore in circum- ference. J'lii nioiiiit.iili a>li, Nvliich .SiiW altil Scott calls the rowan tree, grows lure to si\ ; ml eiiilit im lies diameter, ,iiid in this hard wimd upland fiis measure lioni liliKii 1 I lwtnl\ iiidiis diaiiiclei ; no stone. e\i('|iting siu h as may be on the sloping liiiiws ,,| tin liills ; and it may be inferrid. as it is true, that there is very little lieceh m tin, aijuiir.ible trail Descended, and struck the main branch of the !ieat of the day made the -hidi of the green wooils I'pper Salnioi, Unn esceedirgiy plea-.!'it. Theri' is a great variety of plants here , tin gentian, small wime antnliiMim, l.u",'uc ilc Imiif, adders tongue, anil a \ellnw -liowi red fialillarv, are in fidi lilnu. 1 r.iiii lieiier giadii.illy di sceniied to Shepodj. .A- .1 •iiliiin:'!') n( the wluilf. I may say, lli.i* I !;■■ u hole tr.ii I is ,1 i (i)ilinint) of .superior l.ind li,r Mlthimiit, and iIlii'I ,io not ihmk moie than two ami a bill per cent can be dcdiuled Icir stony laud, ^inp li.inks, and tin plare occupied by rivets. I in ir (\ III, l,::imi ..li,tU\: I ; nu s>\,iiii|,v Imi sm h as arc- highly desiiable ; and mi almost every -lit, 1111 cm be loiini ,1 i,u.| smi I he bighl,ini|s are earl), not sidijeel, lo blight and 1 ail) licl ; and tin OijIkuIi) oI ac(c-s in oliMated by th'e table lands, upon IXSTUUCTIONS AM) UEPOIIT ON EMIGRATION. 45 upon wliitli a roiid can he l)ioii{;l)t from Shcpody to C'ovordalc llivcr, and from nkw nRJWSWiCK. thence to I'aulet River, witliout any draught tliat is not perfectly easy. The writer begs Colonel ('ockburn's indulgence on the score of perspicuity, not No. 4. having time to send u map ol' the route ; l)ut will mark the j)laces on that which *■ * will be furnished to Colonel Cotkburn, in such a manner as will render this account more clear. (signed) George X. Smith. 1; (B.) No. 5- COPY of a Letter from J. A. Maclauchlan, Ksq. to Lieutenant-Colonel Cockbum, Commissioner, &c. Sir, fVedericton, 30th June 1827. Having received your instructions at Miraniichi, to explore and ascertain the ;,,"owtli of timber, and the (piality of the laud lying between the upper Settlers on the Uichibucto River and the Butternut Ridge; also from that in rear of the granted lands to the liendof the I'etecoudiac Kiver; I have now the honour to report my having attended to this duty, and beg leave to state the following for your infor- mation, which is accompanied by a plan slu)wing my route, and which I hope may be satisfactory. The upper Settlers on the Hicliibucto River are about twenty-tuo miles from its mouth, an' three from the head of the tide. Their farms are composed of good tillage land, and timbi'red with an C(|u:il proportion ot rock maple, l)ircli, beech, heuilock and spruce. They nifonned me the increase of their soil was from lifteen to eighteen liiishelsol" wlicat fioni one ; other grain in proportion. Potatoes t'venty bushel-., and hay from one and a half to two and a half tons to the acre. From tiie^i' Settlers I took my (lt'|)artMre, with a soiith-wcNt courM', ratlier to the southward, and should imagiiu', I'roui time, to have travelled live miles. Fro n the (irst mile I found tiie same description of land as on the bank of the Uichilmeto, but the remaitiiu'^ tour very indiilerent soil, timiiered with the inferior woods of white birch, s|)niee, prin( c s pine, |i()i)lar and tir. From several observations taken in this course of high spnicf I'-ees, tiie land tn the westward a])peared ol' the same de- scription as I passed tlirou^di ; but to liie eastward and south-e;isi, that is, on or near I'reiol iirnok, and Coal or .Mile lirancli, appeared to be timbered »ilh good hard wood. My (ninsc was then directed south lor ten miles ; and almost iu the whole of thi'i distance, exceptiuir, as I have said iiefore, on the 'i'ront and Coal Uranehes ibdih of which I ci-ossed\ jiassed through soft wood tindier of a similar growth and description a-- the foin' miles lirst spoken of, I made frecpienl observa- tions, and found t'.e land to the westward low and very inditl'ereiit ; but to llu'ea-t: aitd sout!i-e,isi, gciod land. Again I took lU'aily a so\ith-easl course for ti\e miles, and passed tliriuii;h the (piality ot soft wood timber, as bt fore desc rilied, which brought nie into a very e\ti iisive barren, or what i-- termed in this emintry a Caralio" Plain. IVom this 1 have iia-on tn believe the lluet luche, .\lileor( oal Biiouli, .Saluioii River, ami the new ( anaan Uiveis, take their s.>uree. From the ISarren I went south, and eame to a strcnn al:(iu( a mile, that I w:.< afraid ^I'rom the sketch ol" the country furnished mc^wis the head n('^alm(ln Itiver, >hich disc barges into the (irand l.ake. However, I (hanged nn course litr one 1 thought would bring me to Hntternut Kidge; when Iciossed the same stream several liuies, and at lengtii ( ame to a Sctlhr on its banks, of the name ol Kidcr. who iiil )ruu'd me it was the new Caliani liiver, that empties into the \\ .l^hildemoak l.;,k(. I'rc(|nent obvervalions were taken belwien the liarrcn and the .SeitU 1, which 1 shouhl suppose a distanic ol' eight or nine nnles; ami the land for several miles on Camuni Uivtr was found very low, ami tiuibered with a very intei ior cpiality of soft wood. US. (i .At Appendix (R.) No. .r„ i., I f: NEW BRimSWICK, Appendix (U.) No. 5. 4b APPl-NDIX TO COLONFX COCKBURVS •At Rider's House I discovered the ridge, which l)ore south twenty degrees cast, six miles distant; the land between nie and it, low and tiiuljcred as just before (iesi'ribed. The Clearing I discovered on the ridue belonged to Charles Alwood, who is in the possession of a very good farm, and also many others adjoining him. The .■rowtli of tiinhiT luMC is rock maple, l)inh, beech, buttenuit and hemlock. I wu Told, the annual increase was generally, of wheat, from fifteen to twenty bushels from one; Indian corn, eighty bushels; potatoes, twenty ; but the soil too dry for grass. Saw several apple orchards, which bore, in five years, from the seed. 'I'hcro IS also in this Settlement a •;7-a;/ ijiiaiitilt/ uf most excellent liuu'stone. 1 took my departure from this ridge for the Ueiul at the upper Settlir, Charles .Mwood's; and from liis improvements through; the laiul, generally speaking, is < xcellent for agricultural puipose>, parlutilurh/ ,vi; for v\ithin eight miles of the IJeiid. The timber on this tract is composed of rock m.iple, birch, beech, ash, elm, oak, hemlock and spruce. In making a computation of the (luanlity of land that 1 should consider fit for cultivation in my route, I am of opinion from 80,000 to do.ooo acres may b.' found, and probably more, when an accurate survey is made. I have, &e. (signed) ./. ./. Mucliruchlitti. ft.*-' REPORT of Cicorge Smith, Esq. Assistant Survc>or General of New llrunswick, on his Route from St. Nicholas River to the Rend ol' lVleco\i(liac River. THE trrowtli from l!ichil)ucto to the Mest IhaM.h of St. Nidiohis Uiver, is hard wood on the lilies of the streams, «ith a mixture of luiuhu. and s|iiuceiothe middle grounils ; 011 the \\'cst Rraiuli there is u ( ousiderablf . xtcnt of intervale. Till' south bank lit the \\ est Hraiich it stee|) in some parts, and (oveied isitli rather a poor growth of wood, which, however, extends only a few chains, when an uiicom- inonly tine tract commences, and wiiich extends several miles up stream ; birdies (of five cord), elm, ash and ma]>le of immense size. Onwiud to tlu' .south the laud declines, and a small dry barren rutis east and west. Iteyond it the hard «ood re- appears, 'iliil skirts both sides ot' Bin touch Mill-branch. .\ fe« stri|)es ol wet barren, partiv s|)riin, swamp, ami wet mi\eil l.iiid, lie 011 the «a} to the Ihicloiu h, hut upwards the land is excellent. ,\t .MilKr's Cove, ini the iioith sich'oflhe Ihietouch, the land ujipears but of ;i middliiij.' (|iiality, yet wlieie\er aiiv hay orchneiseed (iills, the cvideuee of a luxuriant vegetation is very strikuiir The land on both sides of tlic liiKtoiieh, all up l-nth sidt s (,1'botli iuaiiehcs, is of a must iii\iliiig (jiiality. .\l a t on^iderallle di-tanee ii|), between the two inaiu branches, there is a pretty lar^e barren streti hiiiL' i>est( rly. in a dircitioii similar to the general course of the river. \eaii\ on the luad of a slicaut, wliuh evidently (inpties into t!ie .Mahalawndiac, i-- a verv t;oowards (he water edge, the stones disappear. i'he streuin is rapid, iind clear ofobslrucaion-' ; tin south bank is more iM|tid in ascent, but leiw stony, and may be called, as well as the north side, g(Mid land ; the timhei' is large hard udod mixed with lieiiiloek and sjiruce ; the .same kind ul land conliiiues until it IXSTHLCTIOXS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION'. 47 A|ipeii(ii.\(l!.) No. r. it falls into what is called the Roxboiuunl i. SutticMi ient, wliore it fjreatly improves ; new iiuuN.swiCK. the Uoxhoioiijjh land is very Rood, and is coveri'd with oak, ash and other hard wooti ; towards the IJend, the (jnality tlianfrcs into the low niar.sliy deseriptioii. The (orej^oiiij^ details are f'roiii my own innni'diate observation ; but anionjr a num- ber of reports the followiiij.; may be noted. W'iien up thi; Kiehibiuto, I met a Mr, Harnes, a man tboroui^hly expcrieneed in the M'oods, who bad just deseended tlie Mill or (.'oal Hraiuh ; he had been seventeen miles up the same, found it peifeetly iinobstrueted, and |)in'sue(l a laud route, nearly south li'oiu the ])laee where he left liis eanoe ; he proeecded for ten or twelve miles and aseended a pretty hijjb hill, from which lir <•^^uld plainly [k'reeive, at a few miles di,--tanee, the (ourseoftbo Washdenu)ak . and interveninj;', u lake, or r,ither what he took to be a meadow. In the whole extent of this route he foinul a Vi?ry fine body of land, witti a few limited cxcej)ti(uis. He passed one or two ])lains »;♦' small extent, and upon the whole, thinks the traet of j^ood land stret< lies as far a;;d wide as any otlier tliat he has heard of. Harnes' Traet is marked on my return with dotted lines. An Indian (whom I met in the \\ oods) says, it nia/ be observed, that either on the .sides of the lar{^e rivers, or at a small distance from them, j^ood tracts of land stretch in the direction of thf)se rivers, but that when they are widely separate, tracts of barren or poor ami swam|)y land lie between them. Hi.s name is L. Richards, and was accompanied by his dauj^hter, and a younj; girl, daughter of Noel John. They had gone up to bunt nmsquash with their dogs, l)ut were forced l)ack by bad weather. In estimating the ((uantities of the various (pialities of land exemplibed in the return, 1 have been careful to underrate the good and excellent, and rather exceed the (piantity of bad. The whole extent is finely watered, and springs are every- where met with. Several admirable si^es for mills are to be found ; and indeed there is hardly a stream which doe> iu)t present f.icilities for such useful erections. It is to be remarked, that spruce and fir laud, so much decried in almost every other part of the Province, is greatly esteemed in this, not without reason, for I saw fields under cultivation at NIr. Tiniu'r's, which would do credit to old .settled bard wood lauds, that were covered with spruce, a little lienduck and umch tir. The s lil is strong, loamy aiul tree from stone. The Riixlxiidugb .Settlers employ thenhselves very profitably in winter by getting oak aiul ,isli staves oil their lands : also in making shingles, for which they get ready sale or barter. M COPY of a Letter from \V. .F. i.ayton, Escp to Lieut. Colonel Cockburn. Sir, Richibucto, itith May iSj;. I II A vh the honour to report to you, that, agreeably to your directions, I pro- ceeded on Friday the i itli .May to examine the real cpiality of the laud situate lie- tweeii tlie Uicliibucto River and the North Line of the county of Kent j which service was completed on the \N ednesday following. I first of all ascended Mollis River on the right-hand side, and in order to Qscer- t«in the length of a spruce swamp, I proceeded through the middle of it, and found it to be about tliri'i! miles in length, and never inoii' than one mile and a (juarter »vide ; in the rear of which the laiiil appeared to be of' good (juality. This .swamp on the accomp.inving .Sketch, is NEW nnuNswicK tiirc of'(ni'i"n'i>iis. A swamp of ]uuir laiul then (Afciids for half a iiiili- or more ill soiiu' |>l.i(i's to thi' i'i»('i-. ( rossiiii; till' koii(liihoiii,nia( sis i asccmlcii it on the li 'ht liaiik, tlnoiii^h a'l imniciiM' Irai t of cMi'llcnl ii|iliin(l and inli'r\ah's. At the , tiilil ol thf river to the northward 1 ero.v>i(l thi'li.uren, and loinid it tjuitc iiieoii- siderahh', and a very tohral)h' j^rowth in rear of it. I reerossed the l)arri'n farther no, and (h'seeinh'd a short distanic. I thi'ii crossed the river, and aseeinled it to Mooney'.i ("anip, and (imnd very jjood land and many line wild meadows. Deseend- ini; ijl^iin ami t rossin;;, 1 striiek across the harreii in another place, and found it nut more than half a mile wide, and entered a cedar swamp; ( rossed seveial small ridfjes and some aider swamps, and tinn e-ame to a rid:;e of very ^ood land, wliieli extends to the l\()iuhil)on;iuaesis Hivir. lietwecn tins part of the latter riM r to IJariiahy's liiver is ail vtry ^ood lami, with a slii^ht i'\ci'|ition, deseril)e liass Ki\er through ahnost all exeeedin';iy fertile lainl, watered by a heaut:ful little brook. Desiended Ua,s,s Uiver about two miles, ami re-crossed lo .Molus Uiver, throujjh all very poor land, marked on the sketch. Descended .Molus Kivcrto .M'I'.achero's, and returned. .Ml the rivers have sntall pieces of intervale on their banks, hut the Kouchiboii- guacsis has most. On the whole, according to my judgment, if the whole tract were divided into seven p.irts, the haul wuod wmild he two; mixed growth, iwn and a hall'; tdhiLjo- abie swamp, one and a ipiaitir; iU'.l barren, one and a (piarter. On the north side of Kiiiichihoiiguiiesis |!l\er, the land to my certain knowledge is all pirfectly gi)od, or at least much mure so geiu rally than o\\ the south sule ; I tluretore did lU)t (oneeive it to be at all neicssarv tii devote any tone m passiu" urelore diil iu)t (oneeive it to lie at over land which was well known to me, liut to dcN'iK wa,s of a doubtful character. more labour on that which Considering the pnjndiees entertained by ni'w (diners, I should beg leave .o recommend th.it tiny mi;iht iiave a < hoice oul uf douiile the i|uantity of lots, «liieli ought eertaiidy to insure their being .satislied. (signcil I Lieutenant Colotiel Codhurn Cve. ivc. Aic. I have, .S>c. Hiii.Jiio. I.aifliin, I) .S, I.. COrV of a Letter froai I!. 1{. .leucit, l.s(| to I.iciit Colonel ( ockhurn. •*»iri North Wist Miramiihi 14th Ma\ iS.';. I liAVl the hoiidur to r< jKut f.r your inforMi.itinn tlir i^ualilv of the l.(ud Uin^' iK'tweeti the Kiihibuild Kiveraud the Uiver Mnannelii, lakui;; the Woods at Kel" lock's iwenlytwduiiles up llie Uu hihudo Kiver, and pnii ( eilmg Inim tiial direct for tiie village lift iKith.im, tlnougii the Wihhrnes-, «illi some httle divergemcilts from a straight line The land 111 -,„,.r,d on Ki,!,ih,uto Uiur i, „f a i.'0..d (|uality, tiud)ired with hemlock, b.ack lurch, maple, luech, sprue. .ohI seme .seitleriuf; pines; the land where I took my departure Iroiu Uiihiluicto Uiv, r h,u k lor a distance of live miles, IS o( an (udinary (piality, iiiK i-p. im,) wiil, .|,|,,|| s«.,iups, then e..nnnences barren; this continues hall a mile; tlun , onies flat land, rallur swainpv. and not so good in quality as that discovered the liv, preeeding miles ; the timber! hemlock and spruce, with a siiidi prop.Hlion of l,„r,i wood ; thi- coiitiMues to Mass Uiver, or about four nnl(-. ( III tl,,. north side of this nv,,-, ., „„!,. ;„„| ;, h.dilielow our line, there is a Miiall n.lie ol go ,d l.ind, iri.luicd pun, p.dly wiih hard wood, luuning in a north- ousterly direction. The l.md west< ilv .ippears of a tcl.r.ihle u'ood ipialitv, mixture of INSrUUCTIONS AM) IJKPOU'l' 0\ KMIGRATIOX. 4!) I):n ■reus liitiis|i(iscil ; lull oik mile ;ili{i\c this, on t!n' iioilli -idi' of k()iiiliil)oiii;u- acis, coiimiiiiiis iiii csct'llciit ti:ut ol laiiil, iiiid lAltiids uji junallil villi ilic river Cor four or livt' miles ; mIso ;i little iiilow our liiU', on the south side ol' the liver tliere is ii (iii(Mid;;e ot'jxood i^i.nd runuini; iiar.illel with tlie river, and eoiitiniiiiii; lor three or lour uiiles ; mixture! of tiiid)er, hitch, uiiiple, iRiidoek aim s|)riKe. From Koiuhi- l)oiij^uaesis, on our line, the land continues low and swainpy Cor one mile ami three ({uarters; timher, small spriu c hendoik, lir, i*ve. ; then comes .suial! lidi^e of hard wood ; the land ^ood ; this continues iliree (luarlersof a mile on our line, runnin}i; westerly three or four miles, and easterly two or three miles ; timher, [...ueipally liaril wood, wiih a mixture of lu'mloek and spruce 'if a larj;e size ; then i omes iiarrcii, covered with seruhhy spruce; this continues tor hail a mile; tluii ccimcs tolerably <;ood land, ratlier low, l)iit well timhered witli hiicli, maple, and larjjc iieiidock; this continues to the Koiicliihoiifjnacsis l{iver, interspersed with swiiinps; tlie huiil on this river, skirtinj^ the hanks up and down as far as the iTnnI)cr can see, a|)pears to he very j^ood, well tiiid)ered, |)rinei])ally hard wood. The land iVom Kouclii- houj^uacsis onward continues f^ood for halt a mile, >vell timhered ; then conies low .svv.unp land inters|)erse a low ced.ir suaiiip, very thickly timhered. From this to I5,ii iles-N'ents a distance of near three miles) the land is j^'enerally very j^ood ; timlier, birch, maple, lu iiilock and spruce, some cedar and spruce swani|)s, 'I'lie laiul skirting the banks ol tlie IJ.ii des-\'e:its Kiver is of a very ^ood (piality as far up and do.vn as the climbers tan see, well timbered, principally hard wood, very iaij^e, l'"roui llai-dcs-Xoiits Kivcr, onward (or hall' a mile, very good laiiil, well timbered ; then conn . spruce and cedar sw, mips ; those continue a mile and a half; then comes rather li Iter land ; hut low, iiiicr^|)erse(l with cedar swamp; this con- tinues two miles ; iheii comes hard wood ridge ; this eoiitiiiues half a mile on our line, and extends easterly two miles, and westerly two miles ; timber, birch, beech, inaple, lieuihuk and spruce; then ( omes cedar and s|irncc swamps; this contiiine.s for a hall a mile ; then comes barii'ii, three (jiiarters of a mile, covereil with scrubby spruce ; tlii'ii coinis cedar and spruce swamp ; this eoiitiiiues one (piarfer of a mile ; then comes higher land and of a better (piality ; timber, maple, white birch, spruce uiid fir, with some pines ; this ( ontinues one ipiarter of a mile ; then comes a small ridge of goiid laud ; timlu'r, maple, lurch ami huge hemlock; this continues one (|uarler of .1 iiiiii ; then comes h 11 reii ; this eoiitiiiues one tpiarter of a mile, I'rom (Ills to lihuk Hiver, a distaiui' ol one mile and a half, the l.ind is gener.illy low and swampy, Willi some small iiariciis. I'Voinliluk l{i\er to Cliatliam, the land is low and -w.impy, poor growth oftimbi'r, very little hard \\ood; the distanci' from lil.ick Rut r to ('hath mi is alioiit nine miles. I'his tounliy is in gtueral very level and tree froin stone, 'ilie weather, as you iloulilless w ill h.ive observed, proved most unfavour- ubli for our work. 'I'lie most compact .iiul extensive body of ^ood land 1 ha\e discovered, commence.* near the lorks of liai des Vents l!i\i r, and iulween the same, and exit lids up to- u.irds the liiail of H.iniahy Rivei ; this iii;iv conlaiii ■J(i,inn acres, 'riiere is another body of good l.iiid near the head of .Mai- (iinnises ami Troiidys 15rook ; this is not very extensive, but very i;ood The ndgisefgood l.oid i.i general are ot .111 oliloiig figure, rather n. 11 row, .iiid ruiinnig par.illel witli the rivers. The general (pialily ol the soil is, tusi, a covering of decayed vegetable inatteri varying in dc|ith from one to tint f iiu hes ; ilu 11 a yellow or liglit gray clay, inter- mixed with more or les> white sand 111 the lust l.iiid, but with not a gre.it deal of the l.itter. .\y of timlier, some .scattering pines. I'rom Hass Uiver, onward, for tlie first two iiiiics, nfw the l.md is very good generally; timber, large hemlock, black birch, \c. ; the land very level ami inv from stone; then comes rather inferior land for a mile and a liall'; llieii comes large lake. There is a line ridge ol land lying soiilh-westerly and west of our line, and rather extensive, (this information I obtained I'roin the man, who clinibs i:very few miles, or wherever we meet the siiiallesl heighl,) also one of the same description nortli-eastei ly. The hind troiii the lake belore mentioned to Konchibouguai sis, a distaiiif of tliice miles, is i;tii( rally hnv and swam|iy, with some imi NSWICK. llrmllx (II.) No. a. I I : i !, t-V {] Heini; 1^. I n no ATPEXniX TO COLONKL COCKHLRN'S Appptnlix (II.) No. r.- KEW BRi'NswirK. HciiifT tU'taiiu'd in tlic ^\■(l()(ls iiiucli longer tliaii I i'X|K'tti'iI, (from the severity of the wciithir,^ I ('ear I ."-hall lie too late tor this post ; liowever. 1 .-liall make every exertion to dispatdi my IJejiort this time. I reside some distaiire f'roni Neweastle, whieh renders my eoiiimunieation.s by pont diflieuit and uneertain. I rejrret to say. that this Report is not as explieit or as niiieh to my mind as I could wish; I'ut 1 assure you, Sii, that the nnparallek'tl hadness of the weather rendered it ahiu'sl :ni])ossible to do any thinj; in tlie Woods. Not one (hiy from the time I left Riehihucto River, until I reaehed Chatham, but I experienced more or less rain or .sno" . I herewith forward a st.itement of my neeouut ; a draft for the anmunt on Jo.scph Cunaiil »*v: Co. if convenient to you, will answer every purpose. I have, I've, ('.sij^nedj /<. A'. Jouetl. l.ieut. Col. Cockbuni, \e. I've. &•(■. V. S. My jreneral course from the River Riehibueto to Chatham was from five to ten di-prees to the westwai-d of north. i ^'r. EXTRACT from Colonel CcKkburn's General Remark Rook. Mr. Pom'Ki.l, n-suient ot Riehibueto, suys, tliat between Uiehibuetu and the Ki>nd, hind from about two miles and a hall of the sesi shore i^ jiooil for a p;reat way ; and nt the head of Wn^- liiNcr. the land lor m\ miles .scpiare is exiclhnt; the north .si(h' Mohis Hiver, and all the south side Riiss Kiver. From iiu.ss towards (iraiid Ijike, burnt land, swamjt, cedar, spruce and alder. Mr. (JocKlfellow, of Neweastle, Miramiehi, would prefer settlinp abotit the River Rartibo^, in preference to any part ot'the two I'rovinees, for pood land. Mr. Harris, o( Monrtieids, Miramiehi. states tin land iM'twcen NcHcastlc at Mira- miehi and Nipisij^iiit, Hay ot ( haleiir. on tlu'eastvrn side ol the old mad, towards the .ihore, to Ik^ very eajjital. I'lic new road is ii' . out near»'i the slmre, or to the east- ward of the old one, and runs through a lon^ tra(t ol ;;ootin-e lotN ; -• connnou lots. Terms prescribed by jrrants on towti lots, to biiihi a house, \ii feci by 1 -' . and |iasluri' lcit>, to clear three acres previiuis to olitaininjf a g:''Uit, and pay the annual (|(nt rent. (iioiK.i 'l"o« \ wo Ritv .\i rv. — .t.ooo ai re.^ ; ( ieor|,re Town divided nun i_> ranges, containing diJIown lot.>. of which lO; do not appear on record, lioyaliy eontainini; I'lj lots lA' ei;,Hii acre s faeli, ;;77 of which do not appear on ii'coid. (.>iiit nut ont(iwnhii> , v per ,011111111 ; pasture lots j v. per anniiiu. Three town lotN ^{I'.tuled witliinthe l.isi tvwiily sears; hvc jiastuie lots. Tcriiis the same a:< ;lbo\e. Pmi Tim \ AND l!ci\ XI I \ . — .1,11011 acres, iIImiIi li iiiin ;S mw^, 1 oiuaininjf ^{iid liiw)i lots, ot' which JjS do not appi'aron recmd Ifoyally conlaiuni; s \() lots III ei^lil arres eiieli, I 24 ol winch do not appear on record, (^uit rent of town lots '', V. per anion. 1, pasture Ints j t pii annum (iranted within the l.ist t (\ cut y years, ,j town lots. I ; pa. z I'oiiinion Lots. ;, I'astini' F.ots. .',,; Pasture Lots. 24'J Total of Pasture and ('uinnion Lots. UK( APriLLATION. 1 If' i i .1(17,11111' Piiiui's County. 412,(1111) Kinijs County. 4S(i.40ii (Queen's Ciunity. 7, ;tiii Cliarlotti ro\\u ami Rnviilty. ,^,04M> (itiir;^e Town and P >v,i 4,tioo Prinee Town and Hoy; I, ;*|Kar- liy llic Olliie Pl.iu>. of t'ovsuNlups, No. ;, ;, and No. 1 •,. tliat the follow- Vn. .'. ii|n nuuiluc (d airc-i lie In Id I'V ;^r.tiit. and alxi li) Iiccum' oI la ( u|ialioli, a» orderi'(l l)y tiie Sc('r( t.iiy ot "^latc, !>li(iitly altci' tlic^c iDwudiijis wtrc ii vested in llu' Crown. rii«u>ln|i, Nil. , ,, j^ranied - - ',,(mi(i Ditto, under Lease - - - (ion ),t>Oi> The townsln|i ((iitiuU'' .".ikki i.i k ^ windi liaM> I |, i("i aui s ui tlic Crowii. rdWUsllip, Nip. I ,. |.'r,Ultcd ilitio under LictiiM' nl ( )t'( ii|i.iti>iii i,j(i(i (i,;iMi ;,((()(» I '1 he tovwiiliip (oiiiainH .'■' ()• c .mrs wluili lease- Ij.in'i m ll,e Crown, (H;{ned) ,/. li. ( III Hill Inn/, Aeliiij; Siiiveyor (ieiK'rul. INSTUUCTIONS AND llEI'OUT ON K MIGIIATION. ,>3 QIKSTIONS 1!V MU. IIORTON. (i. I. — Till'". riilk'>t Mccmiiit of tlic Xiitiirc of tlu- I.iimls wliicli have alicady Ik'I'II <;raiiU'(l ; tlieir (Quality, Capacity, and tlie Tenns of Cultivation wliicli liavu l)t'c'ii iniiJOM'd- /I. I'l'iiicu Kchvard's Island contains 1,400,000 acres of land, and is in its greatest ^ lenirtli ilio miles, and vaiyinj; in breadth from forty miles at the widest to six and seven miles at the narrowest part, it is nnicli intersected hy naviffable rivers and amis of the sea ; and it is said that there is not one point in the Island more than live miles distant from water carriage. There is no country of its extent more ahoundiof^ in safe and connnodious liarbours, and there is everywhere abundance of springs of the purest water. Tlie Island is divided into three counties, King's Comity, Qi:een's County, and Priiue Comity. The whole of the land in each county has been granted away l)y the ( rown, to dillerent jicrsons, in tracts or townships of 'iO,o()( acres eacli. '1 hese j^r.ints consist in the whole of sixty-seven townships, and include every acre that His Majesty could grant, excepting the site of a town and a royalty in each county, (■oiitaining about i -(.ooo, and the townships No. ,',J and No. ij, which were rein- vested in the Crown under an iiupiest t)l'oliice in the year iS — . The grants of townships contain no condition to cultivate ; but each grantee was reis, .y; per cent of the carbonate of lime. .Ml ol these liavc bitterly been n>ed by the faiiueis, but not to the extent they ought. 'I'lic- i^riisses ciiinmonly sown in the island are the timothy 1 uieailow catstiil of the iHilaiii.Hts', the red nid white clover, and the cow -grass, or pereiiinal red clover. A\ hen the kind is under tolerable maiiagi iiu ill, from one half to two tons of liny i< |.»S, 11 made .\y PKixt'i; DWAIiDS Isl.^NU. i|ifii(lix (C.) I '4 >a rnixcF. l.D'.VAUl)- ISIANP. Appcnilix ^l'. S'.i. -. r,4 AI'l'KNDIX TO lOI.ONEL tOCKHUUXS inailf t(i ilif luiiv ll I'lii^l' li""(V( r, lie lionic in mind, tluit ;ill iiilliirc liciv, even the lusl. i-. (iir lii'liiiul lliiil o\ r'.iiii>|U'. Ctinnccti'd witli llii>. Miliircl. (lini.ilc must not lie onil'itd. 'llu' wuiti-i' is lon-j, ami ils lfnj;ili, iicK il» »cvciiiy, is linniidaMc. FroMi tliu ist o\' 1 VirinlKTi)l(iiii;liiii}; _/ i> in "v\\vv.t\ ini;ini(liiiililc, ihwrM llii'ir luc ^ouk- laiv instanirs of its liavinj; Nci'ii proidM^nd 111 .laiiiiiiiy. Um rtt iinnni'nicini-nt may i'airly Ik- statud as \\\v i 7tli Aprd, altliiMiifli rarlicr Miivin-. aiv iml MnliiMimiit. Wheat is mumi I'mm tlii' i.st to the |-,ili<>^ M"y, in cii'ilinaiv sim.uhs; oals a wi'ik hilcr ; aiidha-li'y a wci'k or ten liays still lal'tr. I'olulm i ar.' lilantcd liiim tlu' lir.st day tdl thi' middle of .Iiint, anil Ml the I'liifsl a liiiiinjihi ur tinci' weeks later. The hay h:ir\e-l lieniiiN in the uuddle of .Inly, and teiniinates, with all jrood farnurs, Inwards llie eii.l of that mnnth or the (irst week oC An;j;nst. The ^laiii harvest i laiimeiiees in the eiul nC Anjiust, and eoiitiiuus through Septeniljcr. The potatoe iroji is taken np in <'iii)liir It may lie luirly miid tiiiil all c mps an' hnmirht to maturity here, and are wved with nnieh lesn trimhle tliitn the same ( rops arc in (ireat Britain or Ireland. The ^e\l•nl\ of the winter is not mi great here as in any of the t'olonies that adjoin it under the Hiime parallel nl latitude, or indeed more southeily ; our insular sitnutiua aeeoiiii'.ii liM'this, Tlie jieople Iteiv are MitKlied that tlie wintir is favonrahle to agriculture; oy that is meant tliat thiKiiow (ovenitg e\ir land is heneticial. (J. J. -rill'. Niituie 111 the ( onditions with resi)eet to lload -making .ind Draining, whieh have In en reipaired '■ W. — There in tin eoiidilion in the grants ot' our towii>hips liiit those already noticed. 'I'hci't i>i, liowevei, ii iiwrve in each yrant ot land, lot the Tiown to make highunysund wharlN, iiitd lor rortilieatimis. I iider lhi>- reHcrvaiiun the I'overnment of the island lias ennsed roads to lie in.'dc at pnltlie exiMiiNe, wlieie mm h roads were deemed iKiK'tieial, thningh the inwiiships, without giving; any lonipeiisalion to the owners, and indeed without any dann havnig heeii mudf, mu li loads hciiig in all c;i.>es as advantageous to the proprietor a^ they weie to the piiiilii It may 1m' mtntioiied In re, tlmt tlie highwMvs oi' tin Island iiaM' lieeii heretofore miide almost fxeluiiivelv Ivy llie laliour wlueii each male ))irson, between sixteen and >,i\ty, IS hoimil to work tour days annually on tin- roads. The pmdiue of a pulilic. ta\ on impiiiled npiiits and wines, in aid of these mads ami the lirnigis, has lieeii (or many vi'arti only parinilly upjilied to tins olijeet The hiir'iways are, liowivcr, liittii ill, III iiii(;lil lia\e Im ell ispiitcd; nil one lo.id .i i, ullage may he ilnven, wiihiiiit dillidil' I, >e\eMly mill s, and on many others tt ii and lilleen miles. Tliciu is reason to lielii \e ih.ii in .1 It i> \ears good earri.ige roads will he iiiaiie to iMiy part ot the Kl.oiil ; and that 11^ the I.egisl.iiiiK lias \ote(0 iiy omIci miI' my I.oiil Itatliiust. They -uie esrhented under Mil iiiipiei.( III olliir, l.ir the lion peiiuiiu.ini c of ilu' (nnditions ot the grant. I he lorleitiire ol l.o; 1 , han nevei- heeii ((iiestiomd, and giants have lieen given of It lo the extent ol I ,',111111 III les I leie are, under liei use ol iiceiipation, li,~ii(», making a total ol 7,111111 .11 res, I he township roiitain^ .'(i.oiiii mien, which leaves \ J, t"- ^ ■•. . ...n.(,< . Oue hnndfeil acres in a ifood situation, well cleared, w'th trood fciices, and suitable l)uildinj;s, and in judicious cultivation, iiii};ht yield a hi;ilier price tlian .l.oot) acres of forest land of the s; I'le natural ijuaiitv, situated in a reuujte ((uartcr, distant from roads, harlxur. <> eltlenients aiul markets. The coiunion rent of \\(U)d land iiere is I v. currency the acre, or j/. for km) acres. Tins rent is seldom exacted till the tenant lias been tiu'ie years on the land, ami these three years lie sits rent-free. The eonuuon price ot' tlie like land is from mv. to '.'o.v. the acre for a I'armof kid aeies ; this is ot' land I'avcur- ably -ituated, and in settlements, and the terms of payment are ^ener.illy made very easy. 'l'\\\< is the "ay in uhich the owner of a township deals with hi» settlers. Pin-chases of land, however, on a large scale, are after a very difTcrent rate. It is not, however, very easy to say what may l)e the rate by the acre, where there arc so ii..iuy varyiiii:; cireumst.inces in the value ol'a townshi[), for they all are more or less .settled, and generally are of value in proportion to their beiut;- so, if the lands have been leased ; but on the other Iiaiiii, when the settlers luive l)ou;;ht their lands, the value of a township is diminished, becaiise the early settlers generally liave chosen thr most valuable tracts of land, and the best situations as to liarboius and w.iter carriage. IVrhaps some instances of recent sales may give the -Most correct i. .onnation. A township, Lot v|. of excellent land, with an extensivi water front on ( 'ardegaii River, where the largest maii-ol'-war may enter, w,is lately sold for !,.',iio/. sterling. The land sold w.i.s lS,niii) acl•c.^ ; 2,01111 aire- had |Uivit)usly been disposed of. Mr. ,bihii .on, the agent of Liud .SIkiik's |)r()perty, is now in treaty with .vonie New liruiiswiek IVenelnuen, liu- the .'.,de of Lot U), and hitif Lot I _', both )U' uly ill a state of nature, and containing ;;o,(HM) acres ; these land.s are distant abuut ^ixty miles from (Charlotte To»vn ; the |uui' .Mr. Johnson has asked is only J.,",i.o.'. It is a detached pnition ol' my Lord Selkirk's estate, which he wisiies to ::et rid ot'. Mr. .Idlnison otfered id. "00 acies, p:ut of Township ;; 1 , within eight nules i.ithi- rapit d, l()r .'.nonA lurriiicy, and there are tenants paying rents to the amount ol iiearlv .,nl. ; and .Mr. .lohnsou has only yet received an oIlLr of 1, juo/. with dis- tant periods of payment. Land then may be s.ud lo be very (heap ; it is much lower priced than in auv of the adjoining ( nhuiies, and lor this solid reascin. that there is a greater aliuuiliiice of fertile land here. It has already been said that the Island ((infaius l,.)i)u,oiii_» acres, and the population is thought to be about .; 1 .uio soids. There has never lu'fii any census that tould be relied on, but the above is thought, by the best ilifoiiued peisdiis, near the troth. Land must therefcU'e, of in ressity, be chea|i wlieii' the [lopuLition is sui.dl, am) fertiK' land so abiindaiH I'RINCI, I OWAllDS Island I'lioiiili.x (C.) No. D P. P V (J. -,. Till" Means of Improvement, uliethei dependent nii (apitil 01 ulhi lu Me !s all new e(umtiies do. TIu re no is Ih uisli ( 'oliiu\ i;i laml more lenelieially, .nid nn Cohiiiv of the TIu .7. Till I >laiid w.nits < a|iital wlieie t.ipital may be iii\estei C'rovMi that li.is so sparingly pailikiii ol' public money Since its setthineiil, h.dl' a ceiitiny, it has never iceeivi'd one ray ot' public eiico'uagement ; while \ii\a Seoii.i liiis had not only a.Nsi.Htunce in its early sittleiiunt from (ioveniineiit, but up to the pri'selit day owes any prosperity she eiipys to the .Milit.iiy and N'av.il st.itinu iil llalif.ix, and the money thereby linulated. The eapil.d whidi has from time to time been invested in land purchases here, liypiivale aiJM nluriis. has not bieii great. Nothiog, iiidieil. is deserving the iiuiue of i.iiiil.d, ^,iM uh.it w.isixpindtd b) the Lite I'.arl nl ."selkul, .ind the Lite Loril {'hit I' Union of Senil.Mid, Moiilgniiie . ; .nid ncilhei if them imr tlieir hell's liitve yet re ipcd ih' bt iiilils whiih tlnirspinlid cxcilioii- wdl ineiilwl. IJS. II - lien ^= i .50 APPENDIX TO COLONKL COCKnURN'S |i>U ruixcr. j;i)\v.\ui)s , 1-1. 1 M>. No. 1. TliciT Iiiis nnl ln-cii any c.iiiital as yet ai)|)li(-il to a^n'iciiluirc. A few fi;ojitleiiicn near I'liarlotte Town have amii.si'd tliciiisi'lves in larniin^, ami liavo adopted Judi- eions modes ofrulture, and improved tiie lireeil ol' .>-toek of all sorts; and tins taste increases and si)reads over tlie eounlry ; i)nt the new fanner \nIio j^oes to clear tho forest is in ijeneral possessed of in) nnne property than his a\e ami hoe, ami i» often in deht tiir that. It' he he an I'.minrant he j;;n(T.dly wand'-rs ahont from place to pl.iee, (piile hewildered with the variety olClmiee, nm\ only tixes himself on the spot wiiere he spends his la.^l sliiiiini; It is to this nir.nerous and valnalile class tlial ,i -iiiall advance of caiiital maybe (if inealcidahle vahie ; and any Iiody m' i apiliiiisis \\hoi!ii^!ii enpine in Mich an advance, wnu'd iind it a beneticial and sale mode nl Cnployin;^ money ; such capi- talists having; in the tir.st instance possessed tlu'msdvcs of l.mds in the Inland snlfi- cient for tl-.eir pnrpose ; l.",u or •joo.odu acres miiiht he liad on m'arly the sinnc ttrnis as heloiv ineiitionetl. If the (lovennr.ent j;ives any aid to persons ^^ishinl; to cmijfiate to the Island, it it to he hoi)e(l sncli Kniiijralion nniy proceed from I'.njil.md. The liasis ol oni* population is the .Scotch llij^hlamler ; a small I'ody of the old .Nicidian I'Veiuh. ami a lew American I.ovalists ; the nniaimlcr is aliont an e<|nal compound of I',nj;lish, Irish and Lowland Scotch. There is not ,i nioi..' orderly people in any ol' Mis Majesty's dominions, and ii is very o aires ol' Lot i;,, and the rc- niainin;; i4,,}o<> of Lot .y-j, should the traverse (>f the impiest ot' oHice he nnsue- cessfid ; and a few town and pasture lots in the town and roy.dty ol' (Icoi-gc Town. The qnantity of land that nii;,dit h'' iiin(h,i>ed I'rom mdividnals is vcrv urept, say 1 jo to iioo.oud acres. .July i82.-,. (C.) No. .,. ( i)V\ of a Letter from Mr. Hi' hard \ ates !■• Mis Lxcellency flu; Lieutenant (iovi rimr. ( harlotte TinMi, 'jSth Miy i.Sj^. .\|;tt.il;x(C. llKiiAiin Yati.s' res|HCtfnl complinicnts to his lv\celii'nty the Lieutenant (ioveinm', li'i.'s ti state, liy a havly (ah id.ition, also fiom othei' inloiinallon, ho thinks the nndt r-nuiilioiicd i^ a tohi.ihle near a(( onni ol the sinjilus |uoiIuce, ua mav lie iNpccted any lair yiar niider jirtseiit ( ir( imistamcs ; viz. I (Id, 1 nilshel> of Potatoes. I 7, (HID Ditto n,it . ii> Meal. ■.'.,Vi(» Ditto Harli y Ditto. I.odo 1 )ino \\ In at as I'hnir. h /\|.|Mi.!ix {('.) (('.) \o. -,. I'.XTILXC'T from Cohniel Coi khurn's (leocral Ueinark Hook. (harlotte linxn. Prime I'.dw.ird's Island. .\ ni.\i iiM I and (Acelhnt harhour. Town not lAteiisixe, lint n( at and well Iniilt. Tin hai'liour shut up fniiii tii^t \\<>(k in .lami.ny to ahoiit the middle of .\])ril. I'liie of wheat ",A. jier hinlicl ; potatoes i i. ( 'learitip; hind and |ireparin;; it for crop .!? \t> U. c. fen dollars* per aire. The soil throughout the whole Island (.'ood. Improvements l>y no mciiiis as extdisive as tl'cy ou^hl to he. I'opniutioii ahout ;jii,i'iM», of mil loll llil^ IXSTllUCTIOyS AND REPORT OX KM IG RATION. CAPE B llJ/rO N. ho (D.)— No. I. tOPY oi' a Letter rnnu .1. Cnuvliy, Ilsc|. Surveyor (Jciicral, (.'ajio Ricto'.i, to his KxcclleiKV Lieut, (ieueial Sir .liuues Kciuiit, (i.C 15. iS;e. \c. I Sir, Syuiiey, iti April 1827. I FiAVK the honour to ackno\vleil;';e die receijjt of your Lxeelleney's note of the .ith April, and I hasten to oiler sue., inliirniatiou coneerniuj^ the sulijui . ot' it, as I iiave heen ahie liy various means to proenre. In my private noti' ot Joth .January to Sir Rupert (ieor>;e, I ventured to state that there niii^ht he vaeant laud ior the aceounnod.itiim ol'hefween l.oon and (1,000 I'auiilics, in tiiis Islaiul. Jliat estimate was r()une mneipiited l.ibours we derive the oidy iuformation .0 lie depeiuied on, that the j^reatest ipiantity ot' un^jranted ;,n)od u]ilaud lies between the River Denis, the Ciull' Shore, and thence toward.-, the River Inhabitants. .Yciordiujr to .Mr. Luee'.s ealeuliition, or rather his conjecture, there may be within those limits about; loo, (HU) aeres ; and I am of opinion that V'" families mi;.;ht be planted at once in that put of the country, with less i-i>k of disap]ioiu!inent Mian in any other. I'ive Iiiindred wnnld, I think, be :is many as sliould lie Imzarded at one time between .Mire, includiiifi the f^r.iut of that name, and Si. Peter's. Mr. M'Nab makes ii report of .'oo.ooo acres, in dcdultcil .situations, iiiioccnpied, and lit tor cultivation ; it would pi'rhaps be more eoirect to .--ay, tit tor farms; liir it is not probable that t!ie whole is suitable I'or eultivatitm. AJy deputy for the north-eastern part of tlio island thinks there may be, in various situations in his district, from the Islind lioii- lardciic to Cape St. L;n\re; .1, al)out I vS'ici'i acres of laml tit for afiriculture ; Imt I would not vi'ntiire to recommend to .send thither Jnn families milil the ri>iiiilri/ Im e\ploiiii. In shoi!, althouj^h there may be in the whole Inland \aiaiit land for ■|, 11(1(1 t'amilie-, it would be very rash, i oiisidei in;j; oiii limited knowledge ot' the inti'iior, to preti'iid to say where any lar^je body t.f l'!inij;raiits mifrh; Mililji be pl.ucd, previously to the makin;.'- corri'ct siinri/s and divisions into lots, or, at least of extensi\e and careful explorations. 1 have the liouoar to be, &e (,sij;iK'(l) J. CmXklci/, S. G. t'. H. His Lxciilencv the (iovcriior. Ai i; uni.rov. Apinnilix iD.) N... 1. i ,5i i.»8. "3 .i ii c\i'i: r.iti;ri!N A|)|iriHlix 1,1).) No. 1. .-JS Al'PKXDlX TO ("OI.OXKI. COCKBURN'S 'h COrV ol' l.ittoi- f'min <'■ O. llMiikiii, I'.sq. to .laiiios M'L;iiulil;;ii, Ks(j. II. 1'. lo.jtli Ucoiiiifiit. ])j.;„. Sir, Cliailoltc To"!), :StIi .May iS'j7. .\( i;oi;i>iN(. to vdur ii'(|iii'->t when wc ])arti(l, I called at your lo(lgiiii;s at tlie time aj)i)oiiitiil. 1 "as inl'oniiL'd you liad ^oiic ou Ijoanl. .VlUTa ri'sidi'iici' ol ii])"aids of twenty years iu tliis (ounti-y, that is so .say. in tin- Canadas. XovaStotia, New nnniswiek. Cajie IJreton. and tin's Isiainl, I ivas aj)])li(-{| to l)y xveial or the juiMdiial iiroi>rietois ot' the I li^diiands ot" .Smtland to make nivself as well inl'orniKl re;j;;n-(lin!i the most suitalile ot' the ahove Colonies tor the ioeation ot' .Settlers. 1 ol'eoursi' made it my study to travel as much oCtlif interior of said I'rc.vinees as possihly 1 lonld. whcnevir h i^ure vvouhi perinit nu, ami the I do not know, but was informed the land wa.> very liiirreii. Connneiu inii aj:iiii Ironi (,'au.M) to St. IV'ler'.-'. the whole is settled iu lr loads, and in partietdai t'roiu St. I'l ter s to Sidney, I am eerlain. i.s the iic.t tract ot' l.iiul on the Island. The (irea' liias d'Cr ami Little Uras d'Or are a irood deal settled on the froi-,t. I aai well aware that there is plenty of lauds in Cape liretoii tu accoiumotlaie from ■j;,,(Hiu to 3'), lino Fmit^rauts. .Should (!olouel Coekliuni, ;it an\ future jieriod, re(|uire ,uiy information of the aforesaid Frovniees, I : hail be most happy lo ;.^ivc him or you every a.ssistaiiee in m\ [lower. I .11, \c. (siiTUed ('. /). Haiili/i. f (l).)--No. :. Ap|i(i;ii,-. I) I INI'OK.M.VTIO.N o'otaiued at Saint I'ltu's, Islaud of Cape Uretoii, •'^'"••.. 7tli .luiic iNj;. 1{!A. .Ml!. M.\( I.ioii, (Cailiolic Cleifiyiiiaii,^ from iutoruiation ohtained /'ruin his paii^hioiici'v will) reside all round the Itras (l'( )r Fake, .and from \vliom and others 111' has lieard niiicii respectin;^ the Flaiiil, (oidiruis the statement wlinliis ;,'i\en I y the (oloiirin;; of Map: and t'urlher slates, that he has mcii and coiivtrscd with |i('rsons who passed ihroujh thi' tiiut dfiouutry uiarkid I'nkuown, and lyinu, from the liednpie Jiivci tiiwanN l.iudioCove and Cape .North, and who sjioke favour.ilily of it. The ludi nu h ive iistiiiuiid .Mr. .Mae Feod ihire is ii silver mine luar ( ape Noiili. Mr. Mar I.(od lliiiiks lavouiablv ol' tin soil uf i!,is Island (,'enerally, and is fully roinincd that manj parts ul it are di( ideilly superior to I'rince Fdward s Island. lie li.is seen ,i uicat dial ol neu Si itlris, and ti eU s.ilisficd there is no p.,rt of liritisli iSortli .\iiRriea -n will i|ii.il.lie(l In; i!if ronpiiuii uf SitiUrs as the iutelior ol' tins FI iiid ; IX.STRL'CTIONS AND UKl'OllT OX EMIGIIATIOX. 59 Island ; lisli balw^ to 1)(, taken in ahundance in all the waters, stninntr and winter, and the water ronnnnnications hein^ within easy reach of every part of the Island. ^fr. Mac I.eoil state;, tlierc is a f^reat want of mills throui^hoiit the Island ; hut that there is no want ot situations for buiklini; them. Mr. Kavcneiigh (in whose house Mr. .Mac Leoil }j;ave the fore^'oiiii;- information), and who is nu'ndjer of the Assenddy for this Island, and has resided at Loiiisbnrg, Ariciiat, and ai St. Peter's, from his childhood, I'ldly corrohorates '\lv. .Mac Leod's testimony ; and exi)re>ises his confident opinion, that the soil of this Island is •juii.' as ifodd a:, that of any of the Provinces in Hrilish North .\merica Mi'. Ka- V eaf^h thinks, the increa.se of wheat on new lands in this Inland is about ten or twelve for one. He rather expresses this opinion from hearsay tlian his own knowledi^e; but of this he feels certain, that whatever the inci'ea>e may be in other ( (iloiiies, .c is (jnite as threat here. Mr. Kavcnfaf^h states the ]uice of lai)our in this country to !)e about 20/. per aninnn for wages, and about 14/. per annum, or i\f/. a day, for provisions. W'aj^es per month, at some seasons of the year, as high as ;/. ■] he price of premiring land for crop, exclusive of fenciui;:, _;/. per acre if .store jirice, and if for cash 2/. Mr. K.T.eneagh has no doubt that the climate of Cape IJreton is to the fidl as l"ivoinal)k. i)oth for health and agricultural pmnoses, as any i)art of the Xiu'tli American I'rovinces. A census, taken in 1S14, gave the iwpulation of the Island at about ."s,ooo. .Mr. Kavene.igh tliiuks its amount at the present time does not exceed 17 or iS,u<)i). Prue of tail mackarel Ij.v. per barrel, put up for West Indian market. c.u'i: niiETo.v. .\|i| onlix (I).') No. 2. (l).V-Xo. the uiy p..ke f.illv land'. riiisli tins iIhI : iXroHM-VriDX obtained at .\ri(hat ( Island of .Madame), .^tli .luuo iS.;;. Mi;. 1,1 ri, Deiuiiy Surveyor for the Sonth.ern District, from general information, and from what he has seen, confirms the statement given by the {idouring ot the Map ; and, fiom Ins oun knoulcdge, is aware that the lands iVoni the .St. Deny s to fill road leading from Port lloinl to W'livkohomah, ((intaining abont .•,(! or lio.diu) acres, are good and fit fur lullivatinn. 'I'lie tract !)elow the .St. Deny to the road leading from Ship i!arli(an' to bead of St. (ieorge's Channel, and lontaining from ,',() to ()'(),()oi) acres, Mr. I. nee has also been livi|uently over, .ind kiu)ws to lie good land. The tiud)ers on botli these tracts are black I)ircli, beech, some maple, nii\ed in some plact-s with liciidock. 'i'lio green on the tract between the S;. (leorL'c's Channel and the Lennox P.i^sagc, j^r,),.s laihcr too low; it however cun- f,iiu> about ,"(,11011 acre** ol good find. In that ])art, between St. ( Ieorge's Ciianni'l and .St. Peter's, the given should havi been contiinied do«n nearly to the .Settlements, and contains ",,0011 acres of good land. Of the large tract, lying between the liras liels (if' whe.n fi'oui line ^^ould lie an I'xnllent crop iVom any new land in the I'liniiu-e, \\hieli iniluiks .\ova "sditi.i. ir 11 -Mr ^np, ndix D.) No. :•,. .' til 4^ t\ 6o Al'I'KNDlX TO COLONKL COCKnUUN'.S «-Ari: iiiitrcN Apiieriillx (X>.) No. :i. Mr. Liico will o\|)loiT miy tnu t or tracts on wliicli fiiitluM- inf'ormalio'i may Ih' rcquiri'd for ;J().v. \wv dii'in. hi' paying tin- wlidlc party, ])rovi>i()iis, \c. 'J'lierc is no vacant land fit lor settlement in Isle Mailanu". Mr. I.iicc is very conlidiiit, that ^\i^il tlic a>,Nistancc' intcnri.M4TF'< KSTIMATK.S of Kxpense of e.stahlishinjj a I'amily of Five Persons as Settlers iu Apiiemtix I' ) •^'■" l>i""iis" ick ; and Messrs. S. (unard \ C'o's Tender ui support thereof. ; I K.ST1M.\ I'M of' ihe I'xpense to he ineiine™c»ri.r,,s no^u.,|.a^.■(iJ. J 1 ransporf Iroui hiiiiiiuid -X. i() n 4 Medical ntteudunee and comfon> whilst embarked r. 1 Provisions fur fourteen uu>nths Srr B!f^«^^. '1 Cun.iril » IVitilcr, I'nk- 3. Tools of luisliaudry, and duniestii I'teiisils, as hereafter detailed - 4. Surveys .-.------ .'",. Roads <>• {i,7|ii",''j Transport froiM plaic of di>iiiil)arkation - 7, Cash for (kw, or to ass'-t in pintin;;- up hut - 5. I'uhlie liuililiniis ....... y. (learinj;; and fendnji thirty ;i( res of iaiicl Id. Sied corn, i\c. isee Messrs. ( unard s 'IVniler' Add tor sundries . . . - 1 ,).) 10 - ;! (> 1 1 - lu 4 H» __ 1 i'. (ill or £. 1;;. 4s. for eaeli iiidividiial. Ill addition to the aliove, then' will he a eh.ii^e of aiiout £. i,>m)() a year for the Siltlinj: Department in the i'idviiu(. INSTIlUCrnONS and HEI'ORT on emigration. 6i 1 ESTIArA'J'l-^ of till' Expcnsi.' to he iiicurnil in takiii},' u Fiiniily of Five isiimaiin. IVisdiis (KPin Knghmd, and |)tinianfntly ivstablisliing tlieni on loo acres of .\|,|,c~ (E.> land in New Hnniswick. I. 'IVinispon, nndical iitU'ndan((, ■i - 9 - "■* lo ■" 1 4 1 (1 — - 6 - 1 - 1 10 - 7 lo - ' ."» ". r,o - l.KT ri'.U troni Messrs. funard. enelosinf; Kstiniate (i)r Provisions, Iniplenients, .Sied, lie. Ilalif.i.x, i.jth June iS'j-. Dear Sir, Hi k: wi III 1 .Mild you a list oi' articles which you mentioned to me as likely to Le wanted in ;,iiy neu .Settknicnt of Kniii;raiits tiiat may he l.uined. Should seen- rity be reijiiired in London, Mcsms. IJa'inbridoc. and jiroun, of liiead-.sireet, are our .11,'ents, .Old v ;ll at all times he ready to enter into the necessary seenritv. I am, iVe. ,, , , ,. ,, (sii-'iied) S. VuiKird. I olonel ( (K'kliurn. TKNDKR from S. Cnnaid ^v Co. Halifax, to Inrni.s' Provisions, Iniphments of liiisl)andry, Sin:i\, kv .\oU\ Tiii.^ Mstimale refers to the items nuhibered j, (i, and i.-, in (ieneral l^stimale, Halifax, i,;th June 1SJ7. Sir, W 1 will ei,-.i,i;e to Mip|i!_\ r.iiions for one year certain, and for a loiij^er period if recjuired, lor .■,o(ii., liioiv or lc>- fnnilies, consi.stiiifi- of about live persons in eacli laiinly, to be dcli\( nd at :iny on, (oiivenieiit liarlionr between Pielon and Mira- uiielii, at your option ; ih- imcoii tcmnisist olas follows : — ,", .; lbs. ]»rime beef 01 porL at voiir optioiri 4 Hk. Inilian corn or o.itimal, at ditto .; II >. lino (lour ..... I er week, as a whole J pints molavvi.s - . . . . lation for an adult. 7 ib'>, potatoo, or three pints peas - . ' Averagiiii,' a lamily to coiisi.-i of I v,. pcrsoll^, and to be entitled to ■J whole ratiims . .\, ,be rate of ,,/. sterlin- per ,h,y, in this proportion of rations for eaeh peison in I half do. - 'J one third do U^. the lamily. I % (I We H 62 APPIvNDIX TO COLONEL COCKBUIIN?? ^S Hi h i K1TIMATES. We also engage to supply the following aitieles, at the priees allixed thereto, in A "~T~/i.\ sterling: A|.|..mi.MM . " ui.ooc Bushels of TotatoeN. at J,, 5(11 1 Ditto Scril Wheat 4, Odd rViiing Axes, warranteil 4,i>i>() Hoes ... •.',(idd Siekles - - - - a, Odd Scotch Spades •J, Odd I'ots . . . - i',t>dd Hako Ovens ... 2, Odd Frying I'ans ■ a.ddd Hand Saws (cast steel) j,<»dd Augers 'J, (Kid (linilels of Sizes 'J, Odd Pairs Honks and Hinges - ■J.ddd (law Hanuncrs [ Nails, 4"' 24.ddd U.S. 1)° Id-' j,ddd Drawing Iv.nvcs I 2,(iod Panes ot' 7 x y (ilass 2, Odd (irindstoiu's - fid Whip Saw-i - jd Cross (.'ut D' J. Odd Large ('(iinninn I'ta kettles Sd lliisiiels Yellow iSee aiiandnned, ten per cunt t(i be allowed lis to ciiver any lo-^ that \ve iiiay sustain ere< ling storehouses, collect- ing provisions, &c. Wf further .state, that to |ireveiit the jiossibiliiy ef any serious disapjxiiiitnient in the event of Kinignints coining out this autnnni, we will ke-p on hand a larger supply of provisions than u^ual. so as to he enabled, at the shortest notice, on any enieriienev, to s('n .Majesty's (iuvrrnmenl may i)c eonniuniicated to us at the earliest iiossibK' ptiiod, tn enable Us to make our arraiuemeiits. We li.ive the honinir, i\c. (signed I .V. (uiiaid S^ Co. LKTTLI! addressed to Lieut. Col. Cue kbinn li\ .\Kssr-. IhmI mi, C.irter .ui, Pieces of I*ii'Crs of 5 ^ a w" ^ 3 wim;. mil-. 'Ill». 3^ < s 2 Sunilav 4 4 I ■i - • MoniliiY - 4 4 1 <.r (ill... M - - 4 X 1 -^ ■5 rj Tuesday - 4 4 • FI.Mir, {II,. ol Suvl, mill llli. i)f ■ - - - - - ^0 Widnt'siUiy 4 4 I lUi " - 4 I 1 • = -^ 1 luirsilay - 4 4 - 1 'i - ■ - 3 I'Vi ')■ - 4 4 . - n 4 1 1 ? z 5" Satiiril.iy - 4 4 1 1 \\. - - - . 3 y ur us iiijuvc 1 i ^ Appendix, (E.) Woncn arc to Ik »i(lii;ilii(l at .oc-lburl' .s of tliu above allowance, ami CliiUlroii at mie liaU'cii' Women's allinvaiM iv — i'lii- aliovi ■ to iiu scrMtl out by lull iviiglit-s and measures. X" .;. as referrt'ti to in Cicner.il Estimate. 'I'ools of If i:i).i; '.liy ami i")oiticslii I'tcn.-ils : •2 I'Vlliiig or Nanow Axes .... •J Nanow IIois ...... I Sicklo (Itladf) I Sj)ail(', Sciitili -._... I Iron Pot, weight jjjhs. - . . . I Hikt' ( Ivcn, \vi'i;;'lit ,; libs. .... I liyiliij; I'.Mi ---.-. I II. mil .S,i\v least .steel' ----- I Aiinii', I and t ' intb, in equal iirojjoition 1 (iinilcl ■-----.. 1 Sit ol' I Iiidks and lliDiii's .... I (law llaimmi' ---... I J I'oinul N.iils, III' .Sorts - - - . . 1 Druwiii;,' Kiiilr - . . . . (1 I'aiK's 111 ( il.iss - . - - . I (ii indstoiic ----.. fill \\ )ci|i and riiirty Cross Saws, I'ur tlu' whole I 'IVa Kettle, 1 \ uallons .... /. -'''. — - / - - 'J (> - ,^ <; ~ - :\ — o - I t) - r. - — o _ N'o. .|. .IS referred to in (Jeneral lisliiiiaie. I'm- Uoads l''roni till' se.i sliore to the place ol' settlement - i'.Goo A trad liinii thi Iniiii nlllie I'eteeoudiae direet to Kielnlnietoo l{i\i.'r, tliriiiii;'h the eeiUre of Settlement, at li'om 1 1 /. to rj /. per mile - ^m, i. 1,(1(11 Thi.s smn, divided innon{;st j,()uo heads ol' families, would be \<\s. to each. 14S. I J m' 04 APPENDIX TO COLOXKL (X)CKIUJIIN'S TsriMAiK5. N° 8. in (Jeiientl Kstiinatc. Appcmiix, (F.i Tor Siiperintondoiit's IIouso and Store; .SiiiK'riMti'ii(lt'iit'> lioiisi', wliicli will ((iiitain tin- ortic'c Provision store 'i.".6o(i Tiiis sum, divided atnnnjTst .'.ooci heads of I'aniiiie'i, WDidd he (i ,v. eaeli. N* f). as ret'ernd to in (ieueral INliiiiatp. Tor Cleami'; and Feiiein;: 'I'hirty Aeres round Stores and Houses, at souiething upwards of ;',/. 1(>.<. jur Aire, >ay lool. stiilinj;, wliieh, aiuonj^st j,((ou heads of families, would he I v, to eadi. Tiiis expenditure is particularly reiiuired as a preventive aj^aiusl lire. \" 111. as nferred to in (liniial Ivstimate. I'or Seed, supposiiijj .) ' acres for crop : 2 .\(ris iu wiieat: : ; huslieis ol'seed, at ;, >. '>f/. a hu>liel, wciiihi'i^ fiiillis - - i" i ■! ii I ' Adc (lotatoi- ; S h\isliels ol seed, at .' >. per biislit! - - - - - -!(■,_ \ Acre Imlian corn ; i ipiart, at about (ja. tid. p( r huslicl ft y 1 1 1 3 Settling; Departuunt, as relirri'd to in (ieiieral i'.stimate. - i'.JOK i,V> I III 140 Inst Clerk Setond i)" 'I'wd issues, at 70/. each Or for each family 7 a. /."oil ir< ' INSTRUCTIONS AND KKPORT ON KM KJ RATION. (>r, (I'O-N (iENI'RAL RrrURNoCtlu- 1' (). I. ol" the Rati; Mill; 1 Year iSjr. iiT'A iiox, and Ao(;iii:nATi; Acrou.vT ri'irii ( a\a itoiM Kiv, ill the llalliitrst Dishnt, for ih i)\. .ApiK'iidix (K. <;i;m:i;.\i, hkm kn i,r Uif I'uri i.ation It Uii.' lialliiii^l l)i>iiiit, iiir tl,t \-,.;,,- jS 1SJ7. 'low \S1III-S. NLMIIKI! IN l:Af II. DiuiiiiiiMiiil r.itlmrst ll.ci-.H-itll Kui;llk N.Mtll SIliMlllOokl' iidUiiHtuin uf l\.lhll :i.-,ii T28 rnii .M,.lc, i*-. I iiuil* r Hi. Fcruulfs .VUli'i F.-nwI. umlir Hi, . «h.„c i(i. I ;||„| Mar.h *P|HMll 3J>! lit/ "> ■t'l 441 .■i.:'i 33 i 41R 34« :-M I 410 <)!» lij :i:i 410 4:: ;)«:t .T)7 :;R I 4"4 ;iK *^4 :i!)4 411) lur.vi.. '■'':)8 i,ij8 n:i I 1 .-jii 1 •-':)•. I jt)i '■^4 !1".! •."11 ,IM Itlllltl V 1 rkciill.lll 14(1 I ni. i>)>i I-:) '4,1 I ■.-,.'..7 Til.. ,il.. ■I'll. 1 1 l!i'liiiii. '• //. n„„ir. hprUiltdii. MA„I,, s 1, Mi.ii.i.nkr, D.hImi-, ,inl I., Torboltuii M>4 aui >>i.iiliii>iii,iiiiiii- 11 riiiml villi, iml 11, |,„|,,| ,11 IliM Krtu |>iil.ilhiii<>l iiiiiM'lliin iiH). 148. i 6(5 APPENDIX TO C{3L0\EL COCKnURX'S II'IT.I! (■ ANAD A.— \(M'e'i N'Ul l^l.f;: ..wU' ).!'', I Dalian.,. I' • Mui.u N,|., ,„ ■ Ili.i.i'.. \ - l'a.l.>-nl.:i. . I.t/i.-, ■ y* 177 H>/«1 ■I'T-'' - I i''.^"J ■ 7"t •r..i.i . . I :t' 17 I'l:.', 11' ;:i.3-^'>ii 4.''Uj, .4 1 .1 W."U J-" :l 1.1 '•! I (On i 1 ' n'l '.1 I ' -3-3 1 S 5 5:- a ; i-Ll s I I I I I 1 ■f •J .,_ \;.\ , ,, S,, ,, , <....(. li..,MI, I '..III . . I.'l 1.1 \. M.I. 1. M I "' I. ' II I i . Ill' |ii«l 1 'I' I'l ■|„,.,li. ■ V, . 1, : W.1I , ih.l M N.. II 1... 1 )ii .1 I .. I 1.5 . il. , . I , I... Uii I, '.. .! (l Uisliict, Im di.' \'(;ar iS'j;. >Iill>. ^ . 1.; _ 1 !» I i > :i I I i Srnm- fur II.MIM.I ''■■'^- I 1,., ulit anil , iild .111(1 t Mnrrt I Tor llirr |»p».inU iipwiiras. £ or (i;iin. llorM'i Ok i V.ari 4 V.Mi> Mil< Ii * ■ ;-""^ I from -2 tn ^NmuiiiU t-'ow«. ( .| y, u,.,,„,' '- i oM. 7'J ■iPf. I .',K ' '^74 I I "."..■| I i I I 54'i 1 :VJ7 If:', 4-!: :!i).'. Aiii'iiint 'I. j 1'. ». ./. : £. J. ./. 1 ' 1;i,j84 1.-, - , So 7 - I ■JO! ■J-!4 .■;i 4" I I a:> I I I 1., .11 J I -I I I I (•.-, .14 II l.-i,8l)2 Hi - i:\,''"\i Hi - IJ,,-,1.-, ui - ni,()S:i i-j I .' ■<'.■) - - 7."li '-^ - I. -,.4 7- n ~ ■..'•■T ;'' - ••.•,7'^ I'' I'll 1 10; .w - II • I- - ;i5 <: IS ;, -■,1 -, n 1 '! t I) 4 { -I ' ' ; J '- s .< I - J » - I • ■■ ■ ■ ■)J ■■:C'. 4 - I Hi n ;; •, <7 1 I •■ , 1 (■; ',' ■liU 7 ,! i Ci'ilili il 1 i '' V . t ;ii, 11 hi :i -!i. 11 .; » ill :ii A i ■-■:'- !>• linn. ... i.li^l ni niv Dili. r. (■•ignoll (1. //. Ilidilr, « l.ik ill lln I'liuf, 111, |)t. ili ti9. !■« VlTin CANADA Apj" "ilix (''•/ No. :. 68 AI'I'KNDIN TO COI.ONEL COCKBUUN'8 (l'.^-\o. J. t'OI'N til' II I,ctlri liiim Major llillifi' to {'ol(.\u! fock'ourn. My ili'Hi ( olmii I, (iincriiiiu'Mt IIoiim-, iitli.Iiily iS-j;. I MSii, a y\\\ K'niuMcd, iili\iriir(l skcti li (>!' tliat par! ol' llic I'roviiici' yov poinitil oiil ; l>v uiiMiiH o( ii voii "ill III' inablid to traii>i(r lo your own iii.(|i tlic iiiloniiatioit you ilcviir 'I'o tlu- i'aarly lately jjrorciditl, at tin- instaiict' of Mr. IVtrr lloliii^oii, ninl llu'v passrii tliroiii,'li tlif comitry (al)o\it twriily miles iiack! in rear ol' tin Mirviyiil pait ol' tl..' Ni'\\(a>tk' l)i>tri(t. Tliiir report is ■^cmrally liial tlic lanil is \ ( ry iixky, :ir.(l but a ■ .'ry Miiall ])ortion ol' it lit for ciiltivatioii. In the (liiiiuii l)i'.tii(t, TovMivliips of CJari'iu'', ()>;:o(i(ii', Cuiiihcrlaiul, (iluiiri'slcr. aiiil, pcihiipv, in all tli'^ t(nvnsln)is (.f the l)i>trirt, may lie i'oimd a <;oo(l many iot^ iiii/tr.inltd, Iml none iyin^' loj;itlii'r in lar>,'i' traits. >o as lo lie easily kupeniitindi'd. T'li' liad |iiii, liased of the Indi.uis in l.'sj,, iii rear ol tlie Liiiidoii unci Western |)i'lii(l . (ont.uii^ 1,^71,11(111 aires, of wlmli i,<)r)o,(i()ii are to Ik- iiksijiiiid til llie ( iinad I ( oiiip.iii' . I'o tile Mill > iioilliwnd ) 111 ilii> pun !i.i.-i , iluicniay n luniii Iroiii i, ■,uii,(in(j to ■J, 11(111, 11. II , 111 Hires, «liali are not \(i pimliasid iVoiii the Indi.iiis, said to he ot (;oiid ipialil;, iiiil liie siliiiition »eiy leniotf. (Ill ihi iM^ined III. I , llie iimli' ot eail.'l I, lid down i.^ that of the VMirk nov^ «iiiis|iiieiini; niidi 1 ( niiiul lii, v.rii \(iy ii w deM.itions. If yon »>ill 1 lid inc lioin (4)111 lice a nu niorandinn (if any thin;; i Ise yon ^^i^il for. . I will send It liniiii III mil ;it (he ( nlonial Ollii e. I remain, <\( . W^ 'I'o tnlonel ( 01 lir.nil. Isiuned ./. lliUif). Ii \ i 1 \\v INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. Gc^ m UPPER AND LOWER CANADA. (F.)-No. 3. COPY of a Letter from Messrs. Gillespie, Moffat & Co. to Colonel Cockburn. vm:n ksd LOWEll C.V\'.iD4, Sir, Montreal, 1 Gth July 1 827. Ap|.pndi!c(F.) WE \wg leave to subjoin tlie rates at wliich we think flour and pork co- '-1 \ "'^ / have been supplied this veiir at the annexed stations, had arrangements been niu, for providing the same during winter. Innnediately on the opening of t'le navi- gation, the liolders of those articles begin to ship thcni to Lower Canada, and any fonsi(lerai)le demand thereafter, made at any of the higher stati )n.s, would ef course materially enhance the prices. We arc, &e. (signed) Gillcspu; Moffat Sj Co. (Colonel Cockburn. Fine F!our, |>rr llarrrl uf iijljlhi, IHM. >*rime Pork, |K r Ilarrt- 1 at" 'joolbs. net. Vtm, jtrr Winclieslfr \^ n:iIilAi Ciirreiur. Ukp Si. Clairi' :i ■^ Arnhprslburgli - I'orl TiillK)t lis. ti(/. to \,',s. 4,', I. to ;,o.. Uncertain. Niagara Ditrtiiigton Ilt'i^htM - ^ ork , 11'. ti) 17 J. {ill .-,ov. to ru,s. ■Jl. to 2 J. 61/. I'cHl llii|ie • 1 Cdlxiuri; • - - Currying I'hicn •1 ndlrvilli- - 151. Ill 171. (hi. r,oi. to ri5'- Is, to a. til/. Kingstuh Ururkvillp ■ ii - 1 171. (ill. ti) 'iO J. I'rcBrdU - ,•,').«. to 6" J. ■1.1. (ill, to a, I. ;)i/. Cnrnwiill . 1, Mnniiril • ■3;,!i. I'l ■J7«. . I.' 4»- ;i !■ It is desired to oiiserve. ' I'ast winter wtis a .sea.son oi' deprests'i i with respect to the value (it all kinds of gi-'ii in the nitetiir. Average Rateuif IVe 'i ' troni Montreal tou''!'. ■ ; Flour Pork • Pea. - I til. per li.iif.'i. l.s. pi't di ,}(/. per busl.el. Ci. M. .S Cc». ]48. K APPENDIX TO COLONKL C'OCKUURN'S rppKu A\n UnVKK CANADA. Appendix (V-) No. ;j. EXTKACr of'a l.i-tttr from Messrs. .lolm M'lMurson \- Co. to ("oloiu'l ('oiklmrn. lOfh .luly iN'.'-. or'{ Rates for lonvcyaiice of Settlers from the Port of .Montreal to Pre.seott in Upper Canada, until the'luttor end of Aitfriut next, would lie as follows ; viz. A f:i!iiiiv ill' oiu man, ^ne . man, and three eliildreii, oi'.e oV f! e I itler ill! aduh • - - - i'. i. o. o. LugfT^it;!^ . I ' : •-"'■ - - • ■ - *-'• ,)• 9- At the all ivo ratrv st ' ■ tild evptC to pin" the I, a Chine Canal, and Lotks at Cascades, Split Itoik, a, id I'oievu ■! . Lie. free. John M'l'licrsunS,- C,>. Coioucl Cotkijurn. QlestioMs Vj'ii^it \m11 a l»ur!i:iii. Iv • i-a.-ry ' \ss« riis : In e.omiuu dov.ii, lliry litin^ tVciiu furtv to tillv lull-. l'|i""''l-. 'Ihv loiiM iiirrv iViini (illv III >fvi'iilv -lui' iiiiu, xxiiiKii anil clnl- drfti, ami i'il;IiI Io li'ii tons nl hiL".;.iL;i'. i ':: I Avtra;,'!' passaj^e from Port of Moiilrcal lu l',ii;iit das- ,il f.uiiuNt. It lia> lietii done PreHi'ott ' '" 'lu'i' or iimr days. Wliai inunlirr of puMinii (oidd \im \n\u>- W illi u « i k's |prrMiiiis imtKc, durni;; ihe port at :i tnuc, and wliat nulin "uidd mmi limnlli- nl 110111 Miiy In .\iiuii^l iii(lii«ni', n-Hjuirnt ih.ir arrnal ' f.n lln^ yiai lalUr AdiiuM |a.il..dilv the piirc wmild iiiiirasr, as then- wmdd \ir ti'Wir iTlmii iMial-l, i.nno. »iiv 1,1. im. \^'hat IV llic evpcnv of ihr Canal and 1. 1 ( Iniic ( anal. 1 j .. (ii/. (or the boat, «nd !/,< ks tor I 1. h Uurliam l)oat, loadi'd a- alum til..i In-ail Im cai li paxvcn^fi. CiMadcs, tlcsonbcd ' >^|ilit Hork, and ( citi'aii da l,ar. -ri\. for Ii'mI anil i.ifL'ii anil |ia»~( iii;ir>>. h.i Is ilic (AiniptiiHi tniiu lolls a >("<■ i/kk iimi ' Tin- i|ii. ^imii vliall la- iiiiswcu'd »lit;u(ii)- vcrniui 111 --hall In |.ii|,.ud lu inirr into a ( 'inliui I. Our direction i> .loiiii M'l'InrMiii .\ ('». Mont re, d ; .md m llu' event ol a I'oiitrait beiii^ entered into, we .hall he peil'eilly ■ n'-aicd to gne security. ./i>''/) M'PlitisiDi uV Co. Tlu' wajjes to ihe lnaster^ (d' l)iiiiiini hoat-. i^ from ihiiiy to loriv-live liollars |K'r iiioiuh : llie hoatli'.en, eij^iiei u to iweiitylixe, and Iniind in tin' lust ol' t'ood, withoiil Innilalioli. aUn ;.n o;.' 111 almiidanu. 'I'lie rate of tiaiivpoit of prodnic iVoni Nlajiara or Ihuiili^ton lleaeh, Hour jici haircl. p. ',1/.; if iiisiiied, 4*. \\(l.-y Hork, (J A. ■ ' r S' ' .lal, lulli March r .- IN '■■■■■ to fiillow i,ji oui (ii^iiiin id is.uin; • pvinled eiren'ar in the early IMii ' ■ .ueceediii^i )ear, takiii(,' < !et)ds|n i in >■ as uell .is iiro^pi i;>e vie*' of I \\i\ ionntry i rodine i^du.ailv, *m l,a\r dilavid ii lhi> )t:ir to rather a I, 111 the hope thai uiini.:lil in 1 i\e Munr I maiialile I'' 1^11 mlvici s. pro- a( h healthy ami p« rnianeiit 1 ! .^,'1 s in (oiniiu k lal alliiiiv, a-, would 1 nahle r i.iiidi thi coiinliv li.ider in Iiin pniehaM of piounee, liiiil enein ii.'ii liini to ,'1' 'd lirieiv to theliiliKi ; liiM \M lali ul iid\ -i\, that till I il( -.t I'.iilcpean ud\ ices ^l-ii ... doiu' oJ .1 INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 71 advices iirc to flic i ytli .lanimry. and tlicy do not prcspiit any remarkable or decisive fiatnri's wlnrcby we can draw such i/ivourable in((L'renccs as we could wisli; but tlie season l)i'in<; no*v nearly at hand, wlicu active operations in commercial l)iisiness in this country connneiu'c, we ■iccm it ni^cessary to forni as correct an opinion as our sources of int'oruiation will permit, and itomunuiicate it to our friends and customers : and although it is painful to advert to tie past year's transactions, which have bt^en attended with ahiu)st one continued sceie of anxiety and alarm, and in many eases serious and ruinous losses, yel we trust that the worst is over, and that we can per- ceive returninfi; coulidcnce, and safe and moderately prolituble Imsiness, in prospect. Aslit's. — 'I'he very heavy export in iSj",, and the limited consumption, com|»ared to former years (owiiiij to the deranifed and distres.sed state of the manufacturing districts,! siitliciently accounts for the low prices and }i;reat losses sustained by sliip- jK'rs of ashes to Kugland, and conse(|uently the uncommon low prices at which a.shes opened here in the sprini<; of i8->t', and continued during the whole season; and although the tailing otf in the make and in shipments, during the last sear, was al)out jti.iiiiu barrels from ( 'anada alone, yet the stocks seem lu'avy on haiul in England, and prices do not advance, as was by many confidently anticipated ; and uidcss they do soon take a favourable turn and attract notice, we cannot hold out even saving prices to the maker on this side. The (piantity now in this market is not one third the usual sii|ij)ly at this season of the year, and we think we shall be safe in saying, that the whole Canada export of iS'jy will not exceed jn.tido a' .{'1,11(11) Iwrrels, against .411,(1110 barrels in iSj(i, and aliout l)(i,iuH) in iS^',. The duty of fifteen per cent, levied on aslies coming from the I'nited .States to Canada, although a moderate estinuite is |)laced on them, yet amounts to Sy \ a' .f q per ton, vhich is about equal to the advantages the shippers have in shi|)ping ashes from Canada over New York ; and thus in efit'Ct holds out no inducement for American ashes to come this way : imt we have great hopes and good rea.son to believe, that this duty will soon be removed altogeiher. or greatly reduced, thereby giving this market a decided prelereiice over New York, or any other Cuited States market. The present price of' potashes is J.j.v. a' 24 s. tul. and pearls iti.v. a' 2(is. iul. and we ex|K'ct by the month ol' May or June to see the former at iti.v. a' 27.V. tir/. and the latter at jS.v. a'ju.v. Siillfd Provisions. — The gre.it ap|Kn'ent inducement held out by a knowledge that, after the .-|th of .faiuiary iSiti, salted |)ork .lud Ix'cl' could not be legally im- ptirted in barrels into Canada from the Liiitid States, caused excessive exertimis to get HI as miu h as possililc bctoie that period, and the import was much too large liu' till' denutnd : conse(|uently a number of thousand barrels of the pork inspected in i.Sjti is vet on haiiil, iiut is in an excellent state of preservation, and although not ji^iMU'rallv so well liked for ex|)ort as new pork, yet we are confident the old will com- mand us much ^or more) this year as the new wt)uld last. In tlu; year 18 J,') theri^ was a very large demand upon Canada for |)ork and beef to supply Newfoundland and other lower ports, but in i.S;;ii they seemed to dr.iw nearly .ill their supplies from IIamburi;h, Ireland, and the Cuited States direit ; and from the bi>st infor- mation we (an obtain, we ap|>rehen(l that they will this year draw a cousideralili- part of' their Mipplies iVom the two former countries, in whidi ea.se the privilege of importiii}^ salted provisi(ms from the United States to Canada, to go into bond tor exjKirt to .Sewloundl.md onlv, wdl not be worth much; and it seems a little (hmbt- ful even yet, whether the la» permitting the import ut s.ilied provisions thmi the I iiited ."itates bv sea, to go into bond at tjueliec for export as above, extends to pcimit the same importation by Ian ■ ■ ■ will soon lie ( le.n'( (1 up. .ind we h()|ie obtained last \eai' were, tor Me.ss I'ork Prime Mevv I'riiUe - Cargo • - ..X I -, - S' " 1 S I ': . > I 1 17 1 I M ' ( h\ (Ml (lavs I redu. 1 Me^^ lieel - >■ hi a' 1 1 I'rinie .Mess - .S' ,s a S I'nine - .S' •' a* 1 C.ugo - - .S' .') a' trpPER .\ND LOW■^.K CWADA. Appendix (F.) Ni). 3. or niliuul n.ivigatidU ; this ihmbi. however, 1)1(1 believe lavoiir.iiily. The geiier.d prices 1 4ii Tlie foregoing nic about I Ik nominal pi iet s now for stieli jiork and beef as (an be sold till .uUMiinptidi. (it the loiiiilry, 01 loi e\i>(iit to .iii) pLiic, vi"'ie bine n:i ihiubt vull be sjilealile at tlie.se rules, after 14s. K .. ship|)iMg ' 1) 11^ (^ ll *■i<^ 72 rm.R AND tOWV.K ( ANADA An«mlix (I-".) No. 3. APPENDIX TO COLONEL COCKnURN'S sliippiiif; arrives. Frosli pork in tlu- carcass sflls readily at ,") a',', ; cents per pound, iieeordiii" to (jtiality and weiglit ; and u good many droves of swine have been slaii'ditered and packed lure; yet, siu-aking comparatively, the (piantity on hand is limited, and should we have the nsual or ini unusual export demand, the price nnist ' advance, (or the Cioverninent recpiire large su])piieN !';:r the troops and the people who are to be eni])loyed on the Hidi-au Canal, they having already contracted tor •J ido barrels ot' pork, and the same (piantity of tlour ; the country consumption besides will also be considerable, but not so large as usual, owing to the ruin of niost of the Lumber-men last year, who when successful consumed an innnense (luantitv of pork. As our friends in I'pper Canada, generally, may not nnderst.ind M) well the dirt'erent grades oi' jiork, and manner ol piUting up to meet the law of inspection here, we take vhe liberty to reiuiiid them, that mess jxirk consists of the thickest siile piece .done of the tattest and largest hogs, ami even the ttuukor bellv part should not ite put in ; joo lbs. in pieces of 4 a' li lbs. each, should be packed in a barrel ; prime mess, or one hog, admits two half heads, the snouts cut otfnear the eyes, two legs, (the leg> cut oil' above the gambrel joint,) two shoulders, and the roidue. to make •.'im ll)s. of good side ])ieces ; prime pork admits three half heads, three legs, three shoulders, aiul gomi side pieces to make up jno lbs. ; ;uul cargo pork admits three or tour half heads, three or to\u- legs, the same nnnd)er of shoulders, and side pieces to make up .'ihi lbs. The barrels should be made of the best seasoned white oak, to contain thirty gallons, should be fully hooped with wal- nut hoiips, if jiossiiik', .uul so neatly and well made as not to lose the pickle. drain, Fh'iir (iii:l Mfii/. The price ol llonr, generally, last year was rather low; superdne. J j.v. ; hue, J-' ■. '». for superfine ; Jii.v. ;• 'or fine tlour. The stock wm in market is by no means large, ,uiii is held , it -'",■>. a' jI'a. tor tine, and .'7 v. lid. for superfine ; and tee look with some coididciice tor an e\tensi\c' and animated demand as snon as the navigation opens at fair ^though not high prices. We think superfine will open ut •^its. ;. higher. It would he well it' millers and country dealers in flour would be more particular in thc' cpi.dity and external appearance of (heir barrels; , i>d it woidd hi' of the greatest importance also to the character of the Hour, if storer. and forwarders wmild l)e more earcliil ,diout exposure to the' sun and rain. .'\s I 'pjier Canada, ficmi liei- climate^ and soil, iscajiable of' growing the very best ipiulity of wheat, and, at no distant |)eriod. ought to sn|iply 100,111111 barrels of (lour aniMially (or export, it should be ccnisidered of the utmost importance to give a lirst r.ile ( haracter to the article in loreign Markets ; this can only be done by lijMiig the III ^t mills, with ni.ichniery eom|)lete, lor taking out all the sunit and other foul matter, and cooling it pro|)criy bedire it is packed ; then the haiicls should be made of' the III St white oak seasoned timliei, and the heads faslem d with lining lioops ; some of the bilge and chime hoops should hi' nailed, then eai. lully handlecl l>y the storer and forvvardir, ami not exposed too niiirli and too long to the sun imil rain. To gentlemen in Cpper ( atida, who contemplate erecting flouring mills, wi- recounnend them to see and examine e (Messrs. C. \ .1. .M'l )iMalil, of ( ianan- Jigue -now in full and successful o|icr.itioii, the llour lioiri which is not inferior to the best that ever came to this market Imui anv (jiMii,i. Kiln-drieil ciirn meal will be in diinimi the ensuing se.ison f'" expeirt, and might |ii(s,il)|y be an object teir some of the l'p|Hr Canadians, .'- .. is .\niericans, to make Ir .. if tlov niarkei, llpackul in hogshe.ids, tliev ... >■> ! contain Seieillis- nuul ; th>' p» ' suitable for i, linops j if pile ;, hould fi.irrels, mnl «|ii )e m.iclc of I he lust seasoned '.'.fnie 'iK, .i: ir of .sup, and cads, liavjn, ,on lioo|)s besides the necessary woodel* i/..irels, they shoulii .e of the' ordiu.iry si/.e ami -haiie of flour iiiitain ifi-l lb-, me.il. We think lieigsheails i,f meal will sell at S. 17 i INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION, 73 ,Jf 1 7 ii' 20, anil barrels at S ,]i a' 4. The duty payable on flour is ^s. sterling;, and on meal 2s. Od. sterling, on i(j()ll)s. when ini|)()rted into Canada from the United States. From the late accounts from iMigland, it does not appear to us that the .shipments of wheat from Canada last year could have resulted in any great profit to the parties concerned, nor do we see at the present price of wheat here, 4.V. 6f/. a' 4 V. i)f/. that any great good will come by shipments the coming season, yet sonic are buying extensively, with shipment in view. We can form a better opinion respecting grain and flour l)yc-and-l)ye, after we see what alteration (if any'i is made in the C^orn Laws. The loarscr grains, corn, rye, oats and barley, have been in fair re()uest for (he distillers and brewers ; corn ;j.v. 4^/. a' i]s. ()f/. ; rye, the same, for tio lbs,; barley, 25, f)iL a .is. 41I. ; oats, 1 ,v. Xii. a' '2.s, jd. The distilling business, however, seems not to have tlomished latterly, owing to the rather high price of grain, and comparative!-, low^ price and dull sale of whiskey. Clean white boiling peas sell at ;;.v. a' jv, 4^/. per minot. liiilttr, /.iinl, Hants, '/'ii/lo'i; C/iftsr. Rutter of the sweetcs; and best quality has been and now is com))aratively low ; 7 U/. a' i)f/. ; old and saong, very unsaleable, at j \(l. a' (id. Lard has been and is now in fair demand at lyd. in large and ,") } r/. a' 6" f/. in small packages. Tallow has maintained a fair price, at f' U/. a'y.W/. Cheese, ^d. .1 I'x/. as in (piality. The best smoked hams jd.a'yd. per 'b. ; there are as many cured here as to meet the demand, and we cannot re- counnend their being sent from any distance to this market, as they so soon perish injiot weather. We do not see any great encouragement that we can hold out to lumber and stave dealers; yet, as but a comparatively small (piaiitity is |)re|.aring for market this year, it is to be hoped, that those who from necessity laid up their stocks in Quebec las. ,ul. 11' (ii. i;,/. - lionUaux (htio - - .r,.. O.l. Ll' ^'> ^' •;,/. . Kccliliiil \Vlii>k-v M. 4./. a' -2?. R'A Mum'. SiiL;ar - - ," .vv, a" ti (. Uriill.'d l.();ltll.ttcj - - 01. 1 1 ,1. ii' 1 «. 0./. Twaiikay 'IV a - - - ;!-■• o(/. a' :t^. !'/■ IIVMIM Skill - - ■is. 10(/. a' ■2S. 11,/, Viiiiin; lly-nii - - ■t<- 7,/. a- 4 «. !l'/. Hyson - - - J'- 31/. a' ,-,v. 4./. Snuclinng - - i «. (i(/. a' ;)<• :!'/• liohia - . . IS. 1 n '/. a' J, <.<.7 P'l"-"* - 78 Hluls. - ry^ Quaitor Casks 143 ("ks. & Cm. ^;jl Pipes - 140 lllids. - 21)0 (Juarter Casks 4 Cks. ic Cus. 17 Hulls - Muilpira Wine, lO.itH) gallon* ] Port, 41,0 j8 gallyUH. 'Ti-iipritrt', 31,342 gallons. :j Spanish, 111!, 'J7" :r'illous. 3,-,4 Ululs. - •iHi\ Cks. Si Cas. 4(>7 Pipes - l. - •2 Ki-uii - ■:,-,i Pip.s - i.j;5 Ululs. - 1 Cask - if|i Pipos - 74 Ululs. - •).j;j'i Pmis. - 12^ llluU. - •I Casks 7,'jo; Puns. - .0-28 Ululs. \i\i Casks 7 Piius. J Ululs. I Cask - 4:, Cks. ,.<'as. I J llillUpd-- l.oHH ( |,s. .Mol.issps, 10(),07,',- 2-fi ( isks KfliiuiJ Sui^iir, •2J lf),i(r,j Park- I'lavii)..' CanN. 'U'J.7**;l .Miin-ls Salt. -J,iiicili.>ii, 65,3Hij gallons. - Italian, M„-,Ho 'j^llons. - I'll ! Ii, H^jt) jiallons. " Wh. ' ' y, 241 gallons. -Jliranilv. ;i7,;)jG gallims. ' (iui, : 'I'iSO gallons. - .lamaica Kum, ;}')", •^'^o gallon*. -1 - 1 1.. I. Rum, 7f):!,;549 galloiu. - >linib, >;.. gallons. 'IConliiil, 21 J '.rallou-. .M uiutaclured 'lobacto, 1 1,.! If) lbs. 484 ChcaU :j INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 75 484 C'llPSts *l!) Packages - " Ilvboii Ton, 32,704 lbs. - OlIiiT Ti'as, i,o4:,;5i8 lbs. N.R.— Three per cent 1ms been .leductcd from all the above articles, c.vcept the Playuiff Ciirds. l,),;)lo Chests :!.,'i^3 Muxes *,",H ''aekngfs ri'PER AND LOWKIl CANADA. Appendix (F.) No. 3. Value of Merchniuli/.e, payiiM.^ 2 J per cent Value of Free (Joods - - ^'•730.922 12 11 Mtmoraniluni. — Teas from China : Teas imported ill iR2,5 15,480 chests and boxes. Of which there appear to liavc been sold, as the duty thereon has l)een paid - - iJ,(),-,l lU'uiainiiii; - - L. 2,829 Teas imported in 1820 . - . . . 17,377 Of which have been sold - - - - \^^ Rcniaininir - - 1 7,233 Total remaining in the Agent's wareliouse 20,062 Of he ((uantitv sold, there has been cxporti it 1 ,1)14 che.-'ts and boxes. Nt. Sales for flonio Consumption in iM2-i, iHjti, 1827 " ■ 11.7^1. N, D. — A Sale will take place in May. Al Nc'c Carlisle. (From loth October i8-'5 to mth October i82().) •.>9 Vessels, 5,31)7 Tons, 295 Men. 138 Giillous VViiic. 87S I)" lirandy. 3,122 I)" Hum. 3,o(|i) I)' IMdlassfs. 2,138 llcfnHid Siiiiir. 7,814 D" Muscovado Sugar. 157 I)- Cotree. 54 J)' Leaf rolwcco. 472 I)" Manufactured Tobacco. 3.1 I)" TiMS. N.B.— Three jwrcent has been deducted from tlie above Articles. 37,280 Uusluls Sail, Dutyfree, Val'ie of Mercliamli/.e, iKiyiii- 2 per .eiii - - X'.'^.()()4. j»-. 2,/. Currency. .// (las/ir. (From I. th October iSj;, to -,tli .Inly iS2t).) J .'essels, S ;7 Tons, 35 Men. 107 (lillnli- lllaiulv. 8(i8 I)" Itiiiii. ' 1130 D' Molasses. 1 .3,')8 III'.. Mii-e(>\;ii|() Su^ar. .",, ill-. .Miiiiul'arlureil T09''«7.Vt l'ii'<'<'^ I'm"' "'"' I'liiK-kSiavtsaml HiMlllll'.'. (il,l;il Stavo F.nrts. 742,7i)7 Deals, ;j-mk1i. 8o,'::,-, IVv.iriU and I'lanks. 50,1151 Dial Ends. 10,317 H;>'tfns. 4,;jH'i liattfii l-aaU. 3H,5;)0 Oars. *o.04<) Ilands|iiki's. 1,301 ('..rds, l„illuvcM)(l. 1 'run Tiinlitr I'.iids. ;'7 <;"f''>* l(,ak Hillets. .",00 I'lltfS ) f)H,,SMH I'icois Wo(xl Hoops. (>i),', Pans. I Sn« Hilds. 1(10 Harri'ls ,-,0 Q' Casks' 3''>,")7o I'ifcrs Trunads. ■1\ Kni'rs. J) Anihor Slocks. l,-,o blocks. 021.700 Shiniilcs. lH,:j7i Harrrls I'rarl Ashes, 'l.-,(i3i rwt. 1 (|r. ■i.\ ll)s. 2l,oiH !)• I'lit .Allies, (|ii,Hlli cwt. 3(irs. l.lllis. tjM.tvj- liusliels Wheat. ■:„-,<," !)■ UarU-y. 3,1,07 !)■ Oats' 2li,oH.' |)» j'eas. ,jii I) Indian (,'iirii. :,[,z 1) .M.dl. 5,7^4 D" I'la\ Sii Half Barrels ' Flour, ;i,^ Ha.rs . -J li,4l'2 i'\\\. liiscnil. 1 1 li.irrelr, l,, . ., . J .- I l.aki r^, I ,'170 ll)S. ■2,13: linshel- I'otaliMs. 4H D= Carrnl,, I iiMnp>. •.;7 D" Ohi.iM-.. O.JJH lianrU -1 . ,037 Hairitallels /•""'■ .0,173 Marrrls -i 1,30, Half li.opU j'*'"- \1 Half HiirivK 1K,,iinds, ice. •.:.|) Kitt, - -/ i.i,7,)()ll!s. I) I'lins. 1 10 Itarrels Ulams, ti.oi lxH>! J 66 lbs. 7 Karrels It .. ,, •Jill Kt".;s -J h • '/ / 636 Ills, diieil Heel". l,'2,';o Ills, fresh WvfW 7 I'lrs 1 .' w ' Sausacps, i,08olbs. ,).) Ivejis 1^ » ' '-!» Kei;s Tripe, l,4;-,ollis. ,0 Half liarnls .Mutton, ,0' 10 llis. 241) lbs. Il.ieoii. Ih)(| Ki-s Lard, 23.^17 llis. I ,(i3,[ D' Unttcr, (|><,o4ii lbs. ,", Hainiiersl,,, . ., ' ,• ' t lieesu, 1,103 lbs. ,0 Cases J ' ■ i> 2,:Si Casks 1 ■J.-,4 liiives ('odfisli, l^'.iiiocwt. ■J,0 Bunds. J 24J Tierees i li;Oi) Hariils Salmun. l« Kitts J .",.",0 ISavrils Mackaril. .H;''■ 1 Cask I'lid Siiinuls, .,■, Ihs. 43*< Casks] HH K.us Oil, ■ji,S4,, irailons. 4711 .lars J 31 Puncheiins and Loose, Oil Cake, '2Iir^<'\Vt. F)'>i Boxes .Soap. 31,1174 lbs. 371! Boxes Calidlis, 1 0,0 iH lbs. ■ij'i C.isks Ale, 12,0711 pilluiis. 2 Boxes I,. ^ ' 4 ( a^ks ( idei, ;64 gallons. I •! ( 'a-e> ditto, 1-2 doJen. I Birrel l'iii|«riniiil. 3,-, i;alion». 10 Ca,ks1,, . , V ,< an.il.i ILiUain. ))Jo Burreh Apphs. I Barrel I'cirs. li i'lllls, -| .", Barn Is ^ Cr.viilierriis. .-, Ke^^ - I (M I'll ka>_'i s Tree^ ami I'laiils. 3 Kc L's llollcN, '^77 Ills. 3 < ' isks Bi'es-«ax. 1 lia- U (Hil. I ( aM' Bones. 1,-, llli.U. I 3 I'.i^k- I Horn-.. I B.isk.iJ 11H7 Paii-i .Moeiasiiis. 13 Ball V I , .1 „ „ Case^ J '■'■•"'"■'■• M'-"'*- 174 Hid,.. I llh.l. I..,,f ToImcco. 40 Kei^s I'Iiil: 'I'obacdi, 7,733 lbs. I : Bo\i s 1 ... I oil ■2 Bair.ls |<»'r^'Siiiill', \,iX: l!ov -J l!;(i k CaiiiK s. 11).. *J< \\ iMillcll ( 'lmk~. 11 I';ii'kaui'^ liiiliaii ('iiri( -i|lii.>. :* It.ivi s l!,irk-«(iik. ■'> lldlM'S. :) 4 lioM'S Alilplr Sir^.ll'. '".-. S(o\,--. <:,<> I'iiirs Ihjii lliKiks. III!-. \Mi iT.i.riiirs 3( .fill. M;iiliii Skins. I'.V Iliiic ililtd. / ..-,1" li<"IMl' (llllCl. <)4" I'islitr (liltii. (! >iM Iliiccuoii ditto. :i .7f^'^ Ilciir ;ilicl Ciil) ililti). 1 ,'i|)^ Oficiihtl... 1.-) ,U::H Mii-kr:if ditto. 4 ,•-' 1 S AIlll\ lilllO. :;<)•-• I.yiix dillr). :t .-MJ l''o\ dillii. 1^7 Cat ditto. u 4")'! 1 Deer ditto. Woirdillo. i; W'oUciIni' . lii M Coalint;. • ^, ^-^ l( astonmi, :;^: 1 >s. i.Mi'oitrr.i) cooDs i;\i'()nri;i). ■ t lllid-. 1... ... lions. i; (',isi'> liottliil Win,', t) I'lins.l,, ., ,, ,. ,, , Uiiiii, S.Vl ''.illoii^. ;( ('ask-- Molasses, l-ll i;nlloiis. •J lllirls. K, ^ , I, I I Miisc. tMi"ai', i,i|i)-l li- 4 liaiuls) ' ■ '■ ' I u>\ coii;-.-. j.sii.s. r/,').') (lusts iiiid noxi'si I.S I'arkau.-s - - 'IVa, :jj, ,;i .■ I (.)' ('Ii<-t - -J (i lto\ts I'lloiolatc. ,u 1, , K.llsllls. I :;[ Ditto I'liiiics, '" *■'■'-*- 1 Case Castor Oil. doc. .Miiiot . Salt. 4 Chi. Shot. ■J()-, I!a itlsl,, , ■11 K •■■- (•(-'iiiipoudi'r. i,',S l'acka-.;cs .Men iMiidizo. J'roin (lasjif. {\:)\v'^v]>. i,7i)i Toils, Si Men.) I |,;!.V' < "1. < 'odlish. .-, H.mvls i;,.|s. lo ditl.i Saliiioii, :! d.ll,. Oil. Jo I'lrii- Oak Tinilii'r. 1 .",."1 ditto I'liic 'rinihcr. lit (Into I'.lm, .\sli, ;iv.c. 1 t Spar--. 4,i)oS I'lria-s Slavt-. ■71 ditto Di-aU. , ditto Dral I'.lids. Cold- l.atliwood. 'Vo;;; Xc'crast/r. .■'.-.ssc'Is, 4,7^7 'I'oii.s, 2f)i Men.) Ml.iilll ( wt. Codlisli. .| Darrrls Salmon, ip ditto Sli.id. ■jo,| ditto lliarin;;-,. ■J llltio Od. I J ditto i'ork. :jli ditto I'loiir. ;j,!^||() 'I'oiis I'lni- 'riiidiiT. Xi\ ditto Iliri'li, Svc. I.'.-, Spars. IjtS I'lircs IMank.s. j,)S4 I'cit hoards. 40 Oars. ,',.;j;io TfiTiiails. ■:,;V<<> -Miiiois Salt I'rrKii ANu I.OWKIl CAN.VIU. Appendix (F.) No. 3. |! t \ I4S. L 78 AITKNDIX TO COI.ONKL COCKHUHNS "k , l-i! rrPEK ANP ^fal•^.■ll i,",tli. — S'mcv v.ritiiii,' tlu- t'oiciioiii:;, U( liavc rcrtiviHl mimcrous letters ^"^^''''^^'*"^- fioiii Iji^l.iiiil mill Ircl.mil, soiiio as I.il'e as' the 1st of i'VImiary ; the eiinteiits, Aiipnidix (I'.) hiuNcvir, (Id not sciiii vol y iniinnlaM eillii r ill a ;)oliti(al ni' (oiiiiiu'irial ])oiiit ,\'\vl'oiimllaiul, IS now cleared ii]>, and they (an lie adiiiitled, and iii.iy lie landed and iii^jHi'te:! at tins place, and thin sent to (^lu'liee to i;o into the warehoiiM", till siilil for (spurt to Xi'wroiiiidland ; liiil as we liave hilore said, we f( ,ir the deinand will he vi I y li'iiildl, and priees low, i naipari'd to |)ri(es ol' liicf an I poll., uliieli c.iii he sold fur llu ( iiiisiiinptioii ot the eoiiiitry, or tor export to the \\ e^f Indies. ^\■(• ^io iv>thin<; in the late aetounts to alter our views respeetinjj; j.^raiii and (lour; hut »\e regrit to m;' (liat a'-lu'^. iiisteail of iniproviiii^, had rather reeeded. Wo annex iin txtrad of one of our l.iviipool Utters, of tlie 1 ••I I'ehruary j and remain yeiiri //. C. .\ Co. i' '- • % r,: . I Liverpool, 1st l''ehriiary 1S27. .■hlni. " Tlu re h:;s sc-.m-ly hidi any imiiiiry for I iiited States ashes diiriiifj the month, and the only ^alts niaile have ciKisisIrd (if ahoiit ',00 liarrels I'ot, at CT-v. a' ■J7^. 'it/, and in) I'carl, at jSv. pd- iwt, ; these prices would he readily jices'pted a^ain : hut although the "■locks on the ('oiiliiieiit appiar to lie '•niall, the jiriets there ..re not yet sullii ieiitly hi;j;h. av eoinpariil with what are asked here, to I, old on! iiuidi iiidu(\nient fiu- ^hi, nu lit-.. < ':iU;i(hi A^h^^ lia>(' met with a very liuiited sile ot late; .iiid allhoiijjh the pii.ulpal hehhis are not pre^siii;; selhis, the piiee-. have j^iviii way faitlii 1 ; I'ot may he ipioted at J(. \. I 'earl at J7 v, a' JJs (if/. per twt. ; and it is diliieiiU to nalize evcii tlle^e rate>, exeepliii;; in small retail (jiiantitie;-.* iSj; - I'liK I. I I (iuAix, vSe. IS I'liifii. Wlieat, per i << Ihs. > 1 ash 1 1 lour, jH-r lilt) Itit. I'luk, per loi' Ihj. ... ( ).its. jier huhd .... I!arle\, p. r ditto .... Ileef, |K'r Ih. .... Mutton and \ 1 al, perlh. Friday, fitli July. J'l.'. 1 V. J li. '.'V. (ifl. ■]tl. to .\i/. ,]d. to .\d. INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 79 LOW ER CAN ADA. (G.)— No. 1. KXTUACT of :i Letter from I.oril Dallioiisie to Colcncl Cockbiirn, dated SDrrtll, i7tU July 1S27. Sir. II.W IN(i iHTiisiil till' C'opy of Iiistnii tluiis uliiili you si'iil nu-, ami tlio various Dtlui |>.i|)i.r> you li:ivr vuliniitti'd. 1 havcmily ton- sure' you, tliat wliatcvir doc-uincuts IIk' I'ulilir Oiliccs iu (^utlicc cm fuiiii.-Ii .-l>;ill In uiosl rcailily i;;ivi'ii to you. As to inysi'lf, 1 do not tliiuk tliat I cau aild any fartlicr iuforii'atioi; 1^1 \\\im ] Iciw already ^.lid l>y uiy desi)ati'u>, puhiii and privale, to Mr. W. lloiton. I uui>t tln'riiorc refer you to thcu» 1.0 ...y deeided oj)iuiu;i 011 the buliject of Kuiij^ruLion. I do not tliiuk any plan can lie deviled more lii.ely to ensure sueeess iu tlio iuid< iiakinu', vv ((onouiy ui tlu' i\|un(litMre, tliau t!ie system iu the .\Iiliti.,y heUieuieiits at I'ertli and llichuioud, of wliieli yiui were //ow/'vc//' the eluel' .Super- intendent. In Lower ( aiiada, I suj^jjest three points Au' sittknieut aiul extensive survey. 1st. On Ottawa, l)eh)w Ilidl; anil tlial should he appropriated e\(hi-;ively to Seoteli l'.nii;.ir.uits Iroui (llas^ow atui tl lii;ihiands. My olijeet is to connect that «'ouniry w ith its valuahle nei;rhhuurs, the (ilen^arry !lij;hlaudi r-, situated iuiiuo- (liiitei) opposite on the .South side of the Ottawa. ■jd. .\houl flirty miles siuith of (^ueliee, to siinc\ a 'ine paralhl >\itli the St. L;mreuee, an.! 1 \leudiuj;- in rear of kamouia-ka to the Like 'I'uiiiisiduata. jd III (iaspi ,iud liay ( lialein, at various points, one nf wiiieh sliiuihl stait from the Indian villiije on !listi;.'oii(he Hivci-, as a ciuitinuatiiui of the jneat line of road throu;r|i .New llruuswick to .Mitis on St. Laurence. 1 think tluse nre suHicieiit for Lower C'auaila ; lot 1 carur(i.) — \o. J. ItKl'Olt T of tlic SiirvcNor (iiiur.il of Lower Canada. Siiivt'vor (iciu'ial's (JHUc, (v>m'lK'c, j.jtl .Fiily 1827 STATI'MKN T ol' tlu' aMTap;o , niakinsj; an avt'iajic sn|iiili( ii's nl' ahunt twclvi' Townships, of (ii.'inii Aires oacli, as |ir())titi'd on tlie a(ioni|)anyin;; Maj), ni.nkt'd ('. tVoin No. 1 to i.j inclnsjvi- - . . - IVoni whicli a\i'ra;;i' ijuantity, tlio two si ventlis as iTseivations /'oil tlu' niaintenanreand snppoit ol' a I'loti slant ( 'liTiry, and I'lituri' disposition of the Clown, lii'iiiij di'diiiti Tile one third pari ot' whieli, as I'.u' as I- i%nown, may he (it lor m llleineiit ; viz. 170,(11.11 aeres, heni;; etpial to the i;ralilahh' lands in lour townships, and the same proportion lor the re>er\cs. The townships mailed A. li. ( '. 1). 1'.. ]'. m.iy averaj;e live to\> ii'-hips, ctpiai to ;;(iS, (11)11 aeres, ot' whieh t^the rest rvi - dediuted) the ^rantahle lands are j.'ii,(mi<» acres, one halt ol' «hi(h liiiantity, vi/. 1 Ii'.imiu acres, may he (onxidered lit lor settUineiit, Ix mil; ei|iiai to the j,'rantahle lands in two to '■].']', and a hali', 'I'lie 'J'dUiiy/iip of l'/'(Uil><'tir„i-, marked (i. omitted in theahove e.ih ulation, may coiituiii alioiit J.'.i iMi aires lit l'(»r .setllciiient, xai.nit and L'laiitaliie. ,/i.i.N. lldiic/iillr, .Sinvevor (ieiieraJ. N()'l'I"Siin ihe piiiiihii:^ Stati ineiit. rill. |i. It III the (oaiiliy exlnhitl'd in the ahove Stateinml, .idompanied .\itll il I'laii ilhistr.itlve of the piojtiled townships wlii( h nii^lit he l.iid iint in the tear uf the SI ii>nioi ie>, is tohialily lor'ii t as to the ipiantitv ol .k n s vaiaiit. lint rroin that part 111 the (oiiniry not havin;; heeii explored, and the ^'iiieral eharaiter ol the tiu'o ol' the ( oiintry Inin;; iiik veil, mountainous and luiiken, h.ives nie in doiihl as to tliu ipialitity that nnu'lit he loun I lit liir ( nlti\atiiiii. I liaNe an ordini^l) slated it to be only 17(1,111111 ;i( les, and lh;t p.ot i nmpii heiidiiu' the ( liandieie linMiships at I ;j, 11. ill aires; \et mure niiuht he luiiiid. hesides jirojM'r siUs lor Mlla;;es, and hi^h I iiiii.n.riilin.; poUii hetuei n the I relit li Seij^niories and tlii' southern huiiiid.ny III the pioMiii e, and no iliudil Nuiitli of the iie'ei lor riii:re of lii;;hlaiiil'-. luilked hy the yi llo" line The i.md .mil liee ol t!ie (inintiy is ln>;hly 1 .liilin s ||i\> I i lini.liied h) line i.iiiiK, and ii.iM;,'.ihle. i' .N. ^llHe the heron III. iitmiKil Notis Wire wiiitiii, I liinl, I'loin iiirnrma'iiiii iinil nil rein e to liie aitii.il ^ll|■Vl ', ol the l.iiids III tlu- rear ol' the sii;;nii)iy nC I'liit .loll . th.l the de-i lipt'iiii ol the l.iiiil IioiimIii III e l!a>ti\.tiil to ihe poll i^; III Tiiiii^iiint.i, is hut ^.l hnj a< siippovid, .i;id that its ^enii.il (hai.iitii is ,ih lollinN^: ih.iilii 01 riilm:i !I 0!R A Til OIM^A c 1 4^ M,'' /m. 1 w / --..Jfr. „... ,n> •/ /•>» .' »#'- •' / '^# .''• ' ' /,.!/■ •■V«/ '.'' • k «*< ^ y / »• '^ 'n./^jf .■ 'ciW _ * '//, H /'/*/ •/#./ * rrf"*i*f> ' •«.^fr« v* .'rt^firm,'- . , /-, > --L Ana* "^^ ; ■,#'*.■ I « I i« ■ufci^Matfiai X ^- :R A T ON ^hs,:^^ i i •i' \ h I lin fXSTRrCTIOXS AND KKl'ORT ON K.MIGKA TION. 81 1111(1 tliat l\\v <,^'iu'r;il siiif'acc iK'twccii tlicsi' hills i^ level and flue Viiljiis of intervale I.OWRR CAN, land, and well watered by liveis anil lakes ; that it niijrht be veiy jjiaetieable to have r\D;>. a raiiire of Sett lenient, e\teii(liii}i; aionif the )t' the iSeiiriiidiie.-. I'loiii I'oit Jolie to River dii I.oiip; ami that about jdd.odd aeies at least would lie f'ouiul in eon- tinuation ; /. c. in No. ,|. r,, rear of No. 6, part of 7 and 14, and jiart of 8 and t). W siieh be eonect (and the same eaii easily be aseertained by a small exploriii"' .survey) it woiihl olli r a very advantaj^'eoiis site iiir an I'.mii^raiit Settleiiieiit quite near the St. Lawreiiee, and also to ninuenuis mills and Settleinents almost extendin" lo the rear of the Seigniories; and the eoiisideratioii of this subjeet seems to nic deservini,' of notice. (sirfiicd) Joscp/i Bduchfttc, S. (j. .A|j|ii:iiilix ;(;.) N(j. J, MINU'rK.S Ol' i:\'Il)KNC"t: taken before a Special Comiiiittee of the House of Assembly of Lower Canada. .hifipli liiiiicliclh; ]'.s(|. Surveyor (ieneral of the Province of Lower (.'anada, was called in and examined, as followetli. 1 1 .\ \' K y(>ii had any and what means of beeomin;; acipiainted with the course of the i{iver St. .lohii on tiii' South shore of tlie Saint Lawrence, and with the (iiiautity of the lands boideriii^ on the same ? As His .Majesty's Surveyor (ieneral on the Service of the Uouiidary Liiie^, under the fourth and llflh articles ol'the 'I'lcaty of (iheiit, from i.Sjii to iSiS, I had an opp(utuiiity ol' beioniiiii;' ac()uiint('d with the course of the River St. .lolin, and of ihe LaiuU iionleriiit;' thereon, partly iidiu my surveys and I'xplorim;' oper.itioii of that. |)art of the count i\ lyiii^ between the source of tiie .Sainte Croix and the Head Waters of the Ifisii^'ouehe Rivtr, in 1S17, and i)aitly from other sources of infor- luation, with respect to the desiription of cnuntry westward, as iar as the bead or soun f of the St. John. Re i)leascd to jiroduce any majis or plans ol' the said River now in voiir jios- .vession - Some of these are my ori;;inal documenls iVoiu actual survey, the othcr> are the jirodmtions ol ditl'eiiut SiU'veyors, one of whom was employed by order of His Al.ijesty's Coliini.d ( loveinmeiit. under an Act ol'the Legislature, to explore the siHirce ol'the Riyir St. .(ohii, aiu' tbecouiitiy in its vicinity, also to trace a road of I'onuuuuie.ition from the l.ist Settlements ot' I'lamptiui to that River. ,\t'ter this service bad been completed, a copy ol'the I'laii and Re]iort \\;is furnished to each br.uich ol'llu' i'roviiK-i.d Legislature. \\ hat uould lie the e^pell^^■ of compiling I'roiu tlicse materials, (ir fi'om any other .smirce of informal ion you possess, ;i map ot' the country, lyin:^' betueeii the old .Set- tlements of the South shore ol'the St. I.awrenci', and the southern boundary ui' tlit; I'roviiii c, embracing (oiisc(p;ently all the River St .lohn ; also a second iii.ip oftlu: sauie country, lUi a reduced scale, the latter to be printed v\itli a Iit!iogra|)liie [)ress, anil two hundred copies thereol luruished by ymi lo this ( '(Minnitlee : Sill h a Wdik (ill be done for the grovs miiii ol ', ;, /, curiency. V'hat \Miuhl be the e\]iense of an e\|iliniiig survey of 1 lie count ly, bounded in front by the old S(itlenieiils on the South shore ol'the Kiver Saint La\yrciice, in the rear Iiy the I'lir iliviiliiiij: this I'roviuie from the I'liiled States of ,\iiierici, 011 tin oni! side b\ the I'liniiuc of .\e^^ Rrinisuiik, and on the other side by the lauds Iviiio- about the lie.i.l » iti 1 - of tile Saint .lolin ? RiiMiius to 111) answering this rpiesiieu, with respect to the probable expense of an exploiiug survey of that pait ol the (inintry \oii describe, it is indispensably liicissary to knou whether it is to eouiprchelid all that portimi of territory wiihiu the limits iifihe boundary lU' line ef di luaicitioii, and m lint. lined by and reported upon by Hi, Rritaiinic M:'j( sty's ( 'omiuissiiuier uuiler the (il'ih ailii le of the 'IVeaty til'(ihint, as ilir iriie line of liouiulaiy Ik iwnn this I'lovince and the I'nited States (if Am I it a ; i\hiist the .\iueri(.iii ( 'oiiuiiissiouer, oil the part of bis Ciou'iniiienl, uiiihi- ihe siiiie ,irti( le of that treaty, asMimes as the boundary that wliieli v\oulil leave 1 I • '• J v^'''y V' APIM-.NDIX TO COI.ONr.l. ( OrKRl'RX'S 'U fit i.(HM Itil • to oxplcir iiiiiMiimli ,i- lii> ;i>«Minir(l line oidi-niaiT.ition would tiikc in tlie — '^'''' uholi'of'liu' Kiui- 's.'i"t .loliii, us Miui-.r Mii.l ni.im-roiis tnbut.iry streams, ami A,,vn,l,x ((i. ,,i,.|, j. ., I,,-, portion of l;^ti^l. toniloiy. ((.i.ipoMi.j; ;u. inioiv.stiii- nitioii ..ithis __ ^^'':^ i'rnviiHC. ,.•,,„„ ,lu. siiiMtloii vMi h:<\c lull M^ lli^ Miijoly'- Simvyor (ioiuni! iiiulrf tlu- linii mkU- of iln' 'r'li'alv ol (iluMit, ami iVom your siirv.ymu' operations of i S i 7, relative to llu" fi\iiiu' amri>tal)li-liii);i tlie lioumlaries lietweeii tlu> seciion of the |)Hti^ll l)oiiiinioiis'"'in Ann rica ami tlie Inite.l States. Iiv ami mid.! •' 'oimiiis- .sioiitr, it may, perhaps, he in your pouer to eoiivev to this ( 'ominiltee ; n ,'. hium as "to the .'utiiaraiid true line of Imuiidary liet«een New lironswidv, this I'row ■, ami thai MTiioii ol' the I'Miied St;.l( n adjoinin:; theulo, :nid aN.. of t!ie kiiou, .•,;.;,■ \,.ii have ol' the eiiaruy ei' v il, ami I'er.eral di -el ijilioii ol t ,i,> e\ten^ive Iraet of conn'.rv" . , , ■ 1 , ■■ This is a s'.ilijed wliieh has of late p.,rtien!.irly (veiipieil pnluie atleiilioii, and has JKenahlviiHesli^aled ina jiauiphKl, ii;ilili-l", i i;i l.omioii. iiitilnled. •' ( 'olr^illeratioIl ol'lhe ('lainis and Conduit oV 1! ■■ liiii'-l SMles, respictini^r tl^.i,- .\„i ili-easiern HiMMciarv. \e." Tiii- j'anrildit lins i-\idetilly !ieen Ir.iraed I'roni the liiu'liest and most auii.entie -.o'.irei Mil iiifeniMtivi-.i, and seem- based on the operitions of 1S17, out ol' wliiih, t":;ii!ui' "ilh llie m:!i-ii(I1UU lAHmiir^ oper.itinns under the -.aoiL' iirtitic of til.' 'lie.if. ot Ciluu;, lud the ar;;niniiiis id' t!ie aj.'ent-. of liotli nations, .snnii u the lUri'it el t' e 1 i.i>h ( omiiiissiom rs liu that s.etioti ol the Ixiiiiidary. Wherefore, ill or.i.r toionvey t > I'l.' Coimiiitlee ihe opiiiii':' 1 tnlerl.iin of that p.irL ; and aKo of o^lii r Mil--e(|uenl liepoi i> ni.aii to II i- .M.ijesty's ( loveriiiiienl as far i.Mck as the ear!\ p.irt of i.'^.'i. I i ' 1' H ii; i I .srr.S r.WCl. i.f eenaiu I'.ms ni ilie Ur.l'Dli IS relenid to 111 the pieeediiij^ \ii>ui r. I1a\i\'. d;W)tid iiiudi attention eii tl:'' points iif diffeiciiee hehveeil the Cmn- jiiivvwiiniv, and on the eon-.ei|;k nees alteiidatil on the idtiili.ite decision ihert'on, I iMiiiiiit V, iihliold iihs(i\iiiir. ili.it i!;i -iih|e(I appi.iud to cmhr.ie'' a (pic-lion of the lir-t iiiiiKirt.iiiie to tiic Ijei-ii I'.inpire, inaMiiiu h as on the dei isioii tli.it should lie j;ne!i ii|ion tlie pn,ii;- iuon m (diKnneisv, wnuld deiieiid, in .1 ;,'ri at dei^ree, the |iri"serv.ilion and liiliire SCI Hilly 111 Ills .\laji>tvs (iominions in Ameiiea. and lipnii which the (Icleiice of tlu -e ( oUmiis w.aiKl citlu r fe weakened to .111 evtK ine di^'rce, iir so er\atuiii. 'I he iiiie of honiid.iry a>suined on the pait ef the American (ioverniiieiit is t'vi- ilclilly iiiidaihsilile: lii i, liK.uise t!i'- Nnrlh-wist ali^de of \o\.i Seoti.i i imiol lie (st,,|,l,.l|,.,l at 144 miles mi a line diU' Nmili fmni the Miuree . if the Saiilte ( 'roi\, a; Mieh lo-iiKiiicIs caniint lie those dcMribed ami intended liy the treaty of i:S,. Ihiiij iihmit fitly miie> t,. the Ntuili of the s.iutliein lioiilid irv til the then rro\.iico ul (Juehei . SiTund'y. liecaiiM' the vui; ■ unuldemlMaie, within the limits iif the I'liited .States, a porimii III tirntory c\r eeoiu- i.,(,ij,,. 1 .,f „eies of rii^'ht appcit.iiiiiiij,' to the Hriti.-h l-.iiipiie, ..f whi,|, II,. H|,i.„„,i,. Nliijoty li.ith imiiit.riuptedls relaiiied the posses-Kin sure the ((M,i|iii.t, .Hid which, in f.ut,'pivMmis to the (..mpiest, was held l>y the I\in;:> III liaiice. hy whom evten-iw niaiitMif land were ni.ulc tlier> from ; ami als... because a is 11, a ii.ann.r iviiatm- the t '.OLulas (luin the M-ler ( 'olonie- of New UriiiisAKk and Nox.i Siuiii, |,y ,,„ i„ta\iiiinn lioitu.n of terntniv siisieptible of a;,Mi< u turc l,„ the m.miien.uice ol a den-e, und, 111 ea>e of w.n . ai, hostile popiil .lion, at a future in liod III |.['( lulix (Ci ) IN'STRUCTIOXS AM) l{i:r()!n' ox K.MKJILVJK/X. 1m onlcr Id ciiiivi'V wore I'lIIiJiially \i;y ideas en ilii-, .iilitct, it ii;:iv lio lU'C ssarv i- 'V.rn < anada; to |)ri'\ i(lll^ly enter nil a .short (U-ci':]r,::iii ef tl;is i'.'.niun-.o Injcl (ircouiilrv, iiiul ul' the leeal adv.inlau'e.s if |ii)s-e'-s ■>, Ino'cdu r \'. ;tii a I'l w ()!).serv.itioiis will) respcet to its relative siiiiiliiin uiili New 1>; iiiis'.\iek ami ilic I'l-uviiiit' of .Maine, tlic .'-aiiie trait lieiiiuT and loriniiiiv a jioiii'Mi iiflhie .l'io>i;ut' i/l' I.owit Ciiiaiia. 'lliis portion ol'lerritory i.s 'iMainiled on (lie Soiilli liy .Mar. Hill IJanije (if lli"!!- laiids, \s(> disiin-uislu d in niy lie|u)it ol'.Sarvtys, .Maps a;id Seclions, presinied to the ( '(iinnii->ioners in 1S17,) iVoin wliieh all the rivers uhicii enijify their waters inio the .Atlantic' witliin the liinils el' the I'liili d Siates I, 'he tin ii'M)ince, anil \'. liieh also divide the waleis of tiie Kiver Chandieie limn tlies',' oi' Itlvcr Keniiehec. It is hdinided (ni tlie Xorlli and Xoitli-'.vest by another ranj'.'e of highlands within tliis Province, and consideied as les cons])!! uons than Mars Hill I lii:;hlan(ls, of which it is only a hranih, direitine" its cianse to the r.orlh-east, from the western extremity of a si^ial! lake, and extendin;; alonj^ the tqipir part of the Clrnulierc, at the distance of twelve and 111 teen miles to the e:.st thereof, v.ra.dnally ap])roacliin!^ in i'.s (ouise the l)i!r(U rs of llie Saint Lawrence, and (ic.ally passin;^ witlnn ten stiitnte miles of the sail! Kiserun IViniseoiiatii l'orta:j;e ; froin thence wiadin;; in a nioi-e easterly direction to tl'.e point ol' iiiteisettion with the due noilli line from the soiirn" of the Sainte Croiv, and thence due wiuth iii4nnlts, to the point uhcrcthat line intersects .Mar, Hill 1 li;;hlan(l-, at forty miles north of the source 01' ll;e Saiuto ('i-i)ix, at or ni ar the point named liy I i is .Majesty's ('cainai.s^ioners as the North- west .\nj;le ot Xova .Scotia ; which trianuailar tr.;ct of (omilrv so hotnuh.d execeds (,is I have already slated) ii,iii!i',c<)i) cfad'is, of which i|Uanlity alumt .',V'","'>o may he coniimted lo he covered hy mounlainA a'.id varioii.1 ran-i s ami de^crijilions oi' hi.ddands, with intv'rvi'oini;- !ou lai:d> and swan:; s, levin;;- iiaivliy a surplus of J. yu 0.111 acres, uliicli may he (on.-ideii.i j-iiijMtiaas and iit fur a'.^ricultural pin'po.-es ; ln.ides many parts i/l' the hi;;',ilanals, in pu),;i\'s>, of time. ni,;y also be iunnd lit for sinnlar pinjioses. This ti-act is most ahiind.nitly \\alereil by the I'-cr ."st. .fohn and its innnerous lil.niches. the cliiet' of >vliich are, the liners Ui-.iook, .Mad.i'.v.iska, .'sf. I'Vaii.'.is, Toledo, I.iuii; Lake and the (in en ami (Jr.oid Ifivers, lu'sides many other Irdiut.iry strcni'sand about I'oiiy l.d\cl\e to I'ourlei n h\ii:nes 1 herefrom , and about tweiily-tuo lo iwcnty-livi' from (jne- la c ; it tra\ers •^ the ndddle of ihis poi'lion oflenitory, on a .■oulh wc-tcily (onrse, from iis juni lion v, iib the .Mai.iA.i l>a lo its source, a i!i.. lance ofaliotit 1 .;'J mili'-i,whiidi is s.nd lo be navi^jable lorhoal>, riliiim.; thereby an inlerestin;^; lield for a new line of SI lllenu lit of .tt h ast thirty si\ low i whips, in connect ion. with the most llourishiiij;- and inhabilr.l p.nts of this rrovince, and presents, at no very di.-tant iHiiod, a new anil sliiu ti r line <■{' i iMnnn;ineation In Xi u lb inwu iek, iiy ni ar si\ly inile^, on wliicii route, if I .III! (iirrx tly iiifornicd, in I'cspei t to the };eneral ijualiiy of the lands aioiii.; f.nil m the \iei:n'y ofth.it river, most ['rospcrous scttlemcius coidd be made. ■ I.I i.i;^. It 84 AITI^NDIX lO COLONllI, COCKIJLKN'S {C.) No. 3- I.dWI It ( VNAIiA. .A,,,. No, ii\(Ci,') NO 11". on the (■iinnnimitatioii Ijt'twicn Mitis and tin- Uivir Uistifjouclio, a (listunce of'aliout l",i;rlitv-(ivc' Miles. TIIl'^ front ol' tlu- Si'i>;nior\ ol" Mitis is alri'ad} Mr. .M'NiiKr Ikin iiTcti'd mills and .stoic,^. Qiic'bi'c, 'Jjd July i^2~. sitlU'il, and tlii'ii' arc sonu- toll lahli" f;ooil farms to lu- si'i'U. Mr. .M'NiiK'r has iiTcti'd mills and .stoic,^. and h now Imildinj; dwi'lliiijr-lionso, inlondi'd liir till' ivcoption of tra\t'lkis. IK' lias l)uilt a scliooniT to ply from tiiiiite to (^ui'liec ; .md one or two si|iiare-rij;^fi'd ve.ssi'ls liave lii'en also liuilt at tliat iilare. Tlie roail i< jierfi'itly practiiablr all tin- way «lown from (^iiebce for earts or calashes ; and scttlenieiit^ .ill the wa\ . The imijeeted road, traced of late at Mr. .M'Nioer's i\|Mn>e, Innn Mitis to Lake Matajiediaek, takes an <'asterly eomse, and winds here and thin until it arrives at the Lake. The land, exteiM iinnu'diatily i)assinu: the hijihland^. i> reported ;iene- rally level anvi fit for enltivaii iii, and ii'(|uirinjj; very lew l)rid|j;i's or lansi-ways ; the distance is twcnty-scvcn mi';, (rom the Nt Lawrence to the Lake, 'i'hc lands arc high in sonic parts round the l.;ike ami llu borders oi' the Kivcr NLita|H'iliaek, hut it is said that the ji,cneralit\ ol' the line of the country, ,ioil and timber is l;oo(i, inid lit tor settlement ; and the iirojirielor of the Scij>niory of one leaf^ue round tile L;ike, means lo do sonu thiiii; towards cllictini;' a .Settlement thereon. More than eiiiht tM)-hips niiu'ht he marked in layinu; oul the mad, which is only indillirenily traced by tr,iveller>, ;ind latterly marked by a party of men cinplDved li\ Mr. M'Nider, .Seii^nior of .I//7/v. 'I'his is all t'le inliiriiiation 1 can L;ive of that pari «)f the country at present. In iieiforminLC an ullicial lour lliroii:;!] the I'loviuce for >latistie,d ilifinuiatioii. I ^hall make il a duty to a^-ertain not only all that relates to tin. route, hut also ,i.< respect- the ipiality of land in the rear of the .Si ij.nii(uies on the siaiih side ot the St. Lawrence. I inteml coinineiK iiij; my tour at Milis, and miU leave tuun the latter end of this week, for two or three months. It will allbrd me nnich |)leasiire to conv< y every inliirmation in ( 'oloiu 1 ( 'ock- burn which will .ippcar to me acccplahle to him, imil useful to His M,i)estv'< (ioveiumciit. (sijjned) .IvMpIt Ihiiic/nUt; Survevor (icner.d. ' i ■ f ■^ u» i ( it '•■,' tj i ..^^ .A ^^ W'V I y «^ ^ S \. i J. { 'J" •■■% . ^ -N * ( IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) :/- f/. V] V. v: o / i.O U2 112.2 £ lU I.I us 12.0 iS. 1.25 U. 1.6 ■• 6" » Riotographic Sciences Corporation 23 WIST MAIN STRUT WIBSTIR, N.Y. I4SI0 (716) 873-4503 in li I K * INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 85 MISCELLANEOUS. (H.)-No. I. • EXTRACT from Lieutenant Colonel Cockburn's General Remark Book. On the Road J'rom rredcrktim to the Miramichi River. Tuesday, 24tii April. Young infurnicd nic that wheat sown in June was sufficiently early for a crop. His son, a boy luiu; years old, does the work of a man. Has known Emigrants who had never previously touched an axe, become first-rate choppers in three months. Eroiii Mr. lioicc, who resides at the place where tlie Portage from Fredericton and the Nashwauk River strikes the soutli-west l)rancli of the Miramichi River ; this place is sixty-eight miles alxivc Ciiatham. Mr. Hoicc has made an extensive clearing ; has a saw and grist mill, trip hannner, black.smith's forge, and several other buildings ; states that the land up the South-west and westerly then from above the Portage, isof a superior (|uality. The land between the South-west and North-west, about the heads of lidons, Dungarven, and Big Hole Brook, is poor land, timbered with pine, spruce and fir. The Renous abounds with good intervale. He will transjiort Settlers from Xewcastle to his place for i(»i. eacli, allowing .liilbs. of baggage and two children fo each person. This will anmunt to about •j((.y. currency, or iSv. sterling, per family. He will make axes for 7*. each, ((i.v. ;j Bariuibv's Ri\er to be generally of an excellent tiuulity ; between two braiuheii 14S. ' .M of HISCt.I.UNEOUS Appendix (IL) No. 1. \ . I', i 86 APPENDIX TO COLONEL COCKDURN'S MisCELL.VNEois ot'tlic rivcf lic iiict witli or 8,(1(11) iures of liaid wood liiml, witlu lit any poor land intorvcMiin". This tract conmu-iurs about three miles up Harnaby s Iliver, or twelve miles from Newciistie. Appendix (II.) No. I. Chatham, ^fitli April 1S.J7. ^fr. Jiislicc ffil/islon states, that in the vicinity of IJay Duvin Uiver (^properly Bay (les Vents), a tract of <:;oo(l land extends about twenty miles in leni;tli, and varies in breadth from two to five miles, l)eing a hard wood rid'^e. Mr. Joplhi, Road Commissioner, states the distance from Chathani to Richibucto, by the new line of road, to be about forty miles. In this di.stance the land varies : iternuti'ly from hard wood rid};es to swamps uiid barrens. About one half the land on the road is of a j^ood (piality. Ajiproachinj; Cape Kscamiiiac, the land is {generally of a very inferior description, and many naked barrens are met with. The {jood land in rear of the road is met with in "greater abundance. The hard wood ridges are more extensive and more inniierous. The land lu'tween .St. Nicholas River (Richibucto) and Chcbnctouche is a continued ridijre of fine hard wiiod. Mr. YoinifS (Rolirrt) states, that the intended road from opposite Middle Island below Chatham to Nipisi-iuit, is about forty-four miles in lenj^th. lie has travelled the first twenty-five or twenty-six miles, and coii.'-iders the land to be of a very jjood quality ; if lots were laid olf, at least four tilths would prove fit for settlement. i'Voni his own observations, and from inl'ormation furnished him by his brother at I'oekshaw, he thinks that no part of the Province present.s jjicater advantages to a new .Settler than the tract between .Mirainichi Uiver and Nipi.vij^iiit. His brother jjcntrally bejjins plou^hin^ about the twenty-fifth of April ; puis in his f;raiii crop durinj; the month of May (lie thinks that it will not ri|Kn if sowed in June) ; commences rea|iinf; in August, varyin;,', aci'ordiiifr to the sea>oii, fnnii the first to the last of that month. The fiist frosts j^enerally happen in October, and are very .seldom known to injure the cr(i|)s, iniless sowed too late. The lumber trade interferes with the seed-time of many of the firmers ; their ^rain is not in the (;r(iund until late, and, in eonse(]iii nee, sometinu's suffers l)y the fro^t. 'I'he j^reatest iiuonvenieiice arising from the len^tli of the winters, is the (juanlity of fodder ropiired for their slock. I'he time can be employed to advaiila^'e in cle.iiin^ land, procuring rails forfeiicinp, and wood for fuel. in .April iSjii he commenced cleariii;; a new farm ; employed Irishnun new to the country, payini; j.v. drf. pe^ iiid i)rc.vi>ions ; he eomplelid liuriiiiij; in .July, and had t\venty-ei(:ht acre iiuarter fit lor a crop. 'I'he land on wliiili the timber was burned in .May,,.. ,i>\ed with wliiat and oats ; on that burnt in .lune, be sowed oats, intendiiif; to (lit iheni f,'rccn for fodder; and on that Imrnt in .Inly, he sowed turnips and pl.uited potatoo. He inticnred nine h.irreU of thiur, reserxinj; two barrels of wheat fiir s(i(l,i a barrel conl.iins njfilijs. ; diiiy ten bushels of the (lat.v ripeiieil; he ( ut eii,'lil or nine ton- of excellent fodder, tiuriy barrels of turnips, ei;,'hty of i otatoes, and eii,'ht of barhy ; he leekonslhe abo\e u very light crop, but the season was more unfavourable than usual. .// Ur. Hic/iiiril M l.aiuhlau's. mi t/i, Xnrlli-'u ^l Jlranrh >;l llic Miratiiic/ii iliirr. j8tli April iSj;. .|//-. .\l'l.iiMli!,in states, that an ( xcellent tr;ict of land coimiieiucs at Hijr Hole, on the east side of the northwest branch of Mir.nnldu liiver, extends back several nnles easterly, up to wiil,iii tni.r uiile> of Poit.i.'e Rixer ; appicidus the N.pisifjnit ,.1-out three mihs bd.iw (iordoii'- lb. .ok, and ( Atend- d.-wi, the >ipiM.mt. lie has exph.red the \mi in .piist .,f limber, wiilioiil suu.s.s. rort.i.'c Uivir is about ihirlceu iiill.s above liijr jldlr, and liie l.iiKr thirleeii ulove ship uivi;rati,,n. (ionhin s ll,„i.k is uboiil eleven miles above Nipisiguit Harbour, which allords an cx( client fi.shery. lU'lWKtl INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 87 It Ilijr vti'iids iia( lu's .11 I lie Hi'twceii tlic upper part of the North-west and the Little South-west a great pro- portion of the land is of good (juaiity. Mr. M'Laucidaii resides ahout )oo rods below the mouth of the Little South- west ; has ahout jno acres of cioiired land around his house. When he settled on the land, about eight years since, the clearing comprised about thirty acres ; ho has personally superintended the clearing of the residue. He rai.sed 4,()o(( bushels of potatoes last year on his home farm, and 600 on a farm he owns al)0vc the Uig Hole. His extensive hunbering concerns have induced him to turn his attunliuii priticipally to grass and green oiits for fodder. MISCKI-LANtOUS. A|>|jvii(lix (II.) No. 1. Chatham. Mr. Dipulfi Suneijor Jmiett states the land for about twelve nnles up the Little South-west to be of very good (juality. Crossing to tlie Renons at the ter- mination of that distance, he travelled through poor laiul, the principal growth u small red jjiue ; the borders of Renons abound with good intervale ; the upland on the South-west side is very good for about a mile and three (juartcrs back, and thence the country is interspersed with barrens. Mr. ./o«(7/ considers the best land he hits seen in Miramichi, to be of the same desi ription and ocpially productive with the best land in the grain districts in York County ; he has taken particular notice of the seasons in Miramichi and at Frederic- ton, and can perceive no difference in any respect ; he has also re^ide(! at St. Andrew's and .St. John, and considers the wintein to be milder and shorter in those ]>luces. but the climate not more favourable to ripening grain. He considers the length and severity of the w inters, and the extreme shortness of the summers, as unliivuuruble to extensive farming. .1//'. (Ira/iam stati-s the land between ("hathani and Richibncto to consist gene- rally of liaid wood ridges, intermixed witli cedar swamps; about half oi' the land is fit for settlement; that the land in ilie upper part of llnctoiiche, and from thence across to Uicliiliiicto, is excellent. He has travelled the new road from Iliictouche to the liend, and fuund the land to be mostly good ; the distance is about twenty-twu miles. Jiidrm- lluilsnti and (Icnr^c Jirmi/,s, on the .St. Nicholas River, have most excellent farms; and the former raised ^no bii.shels of wheat ; has only been .settled four or five years; reports generally as to the superiority of the land in the rcai . J\/r. JtDiirs Davidsoti, Surveyor, states that there is an extensive tract of good iand betvxeeii 'IVacadie and I'oeniouche ; good from H.irtibog to Tabusintiic along the east '.ii'.' of the road; not so good from thence to Dathurst. Miiiiiio Murraif has not travelled much from the banks of the various «ti earns from .Mirauiichi to liathiir^t, but can say, generally, that oil their banks to the east of tiie li'iiro Kciad, to within a mile or two ol the Slivam.s, are tit for .settle- iiieiit. Mr. I'lttv lliiitlrrsun. Chalhaiii, to Kichihi'cto and the Ih'ud, coiisideis tin- land tioin (ia>.pei'i'au Kivei aei'us.s the I'ltitiiiie Kivir, and thence to Hiehiliucti), the best land for seltkiiKiit in this IVoviiue. ]''i'oni the lleiid to llai dcs \'eiits liiiek, all >:oiid land in a sliaiglit line; aNo all to the (ire^t Lake and Llieiine Uiver. .Millie pliiee ciildiirKJ gneii, I'lDin Sussex N'ale to ( iaspi reaii, iiiiiiid iiy Harnaby's River, to ISai dcs N'eiits, and loinid to the liend, line land, lly the iiiroriiiaiiiii' I'liiiii .Ml lleiideisoii, tluic is a very lii^li hill iie:ir the \alley, from whence the features of the siiinnindiii;: coiintry can be st'cn. }': ■ 1 \i M t % A , I n ■i '^ \ l.jS. M J 88 APPENDIX TO COLONEL COCKBURN'S MISCCLLANKOIN. AMieiKlix(H.) No. S. (H).~N0. 2. EXTRACT from Lieutenant Colonel Cockburn's General Remark Book» dated at Newcastle, Mirainiclii, 28tli April 1827, containing sonic Infonna- tion obtained from a respectable old Resident in that District. TEN bushels of seed potatoes jwr acre —Increase, twenty-live or thirty for one. One bushel and a half wheat to land newly cleared, with stumps, gives increase from fifteen to twenty. Three bushels of oats per acre new land, ten to fifteen increase. One peck Indian corn to an acre— Increase, thirty bushels from one peck. \l ^ \ u No. 3. / (H.)-No. 3. EXTRACT from Lieutenant Colonel Cockburn's (ieneral Remark Book. llic/iibucto. 6th May 1827. /{. Jordinv states that tlie land about the upper pan of Richibucto is gene- rally very poor ; that tlie best tract of land he has met w ith is between AIolus River and Bass Hiver, about twelve miles al)ove the harbour at Richibucto ; tuat he has traversed twelve miles without arriving at the tennination of the ridge, which he is confident compri.ses (io.ddd acres. 'ly this statement, and that of every other person acquainted with the country, the land about St. Nicholas and Huctouche Rivers is excellent in quality for many miles around. Price of clearing '.and, ten to eleven dollars. Price of lalwur in currency of Halifax, at .1 a. for each dollar, per month, ;,,'■, .v. ; jkt week, I75.j per day, 7 .v. (i rovisioiis. Average passage from the United Kingdom to the Harbour of Richibucto: spring, thirty to thirty-live days ; summer, thirty-tive to forty-two days ; fall, forty-two to forty-nine days. Time of the Harbour of Uiiliib\uto freezing up, loth to'julh December ; open- ing, 10th to 2jth April. Dejjth over the bar, eighteen feet high water; high water neap tide, fifteen feet ; low water nea]) tide, eleven to twelve feet. From the mouth of the Uidiibucto the river is navigable for loaded ships of .300 tons, iim ten miles, and for large schooners for twenty miles, and for .scows thirty miles. Price of timber at Kichibucto, fife to .>,even i)er cent lower than at Miramiehi. Number (if sliips here last year, eighty-two. Probal)Ie price of transport for a family of live persons and baggage, say ."Joci weight, to the hiithest |ioiiii to which the river is navigable for scows, 3/. currency per family. Price of opening the road fourteen feet wide, and turnpiking and clearing one rod on each side, nu./. currencj per mile. Saw mill, driving one saw, ^50/. Saw mill, driving two wws, fioo/. rina- one. rcase 27. fjctic- iloltis tilUt liilgf, mitry, many icy of , t> d. » lucto : full* open- iftecii f 300 thirty •hi. rcncy : one INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 89 (H.)-No. 4. INFORMATION received by (Colonel Cockburn, at the Bend of Peticoudiuc Mistr,M,ANE0V8. River. 16th May 1S27, Appendix (H.) No. 4. Jean (ioulil, born in this Province, taught by his futlier to go into the Woods like an Indian, has been all over the country ; recommends the parishes of Hillsborough and Salisbury, as containing the most extensive and uninterrupted tract of land in the country. Knows of no other so extensive or so fine. Considers it to embrace an extent of vacant (^own lands, forty miles by thirty wide. Gould has been engaged all his life in hunting ; kills bears, foxes, and martins. lie has also travelled Nova Scotia, and can steer for Quebec through the Woods, He knows every river, creek and l)rook throughout the country, and the position of the hills and valleys; persists that there are no I'arriboo Plains in the Hills- borough District, and lew pine trees or swamps, but that the land is really good, in an immense unbroken body. i7tli May 18J7. ICzra .S'/y/cs' says, he considers that tlie greatest extent of excellent land, with tlie fevvcst interruptions to its goodness, lies between Sliepody and the rivers falling into Peticoudiac above the lieud ; thinks there may be enough to settle 'J,(M)i) families at loo acres for each ; there are lunnerous mill seats, and plenty of coal. Mr. Wilmot .says, limestone is found in abundance. Grindstones cost 2.V. lid. each ; says, buck wheat for seed costs 3. v. 6(1. a bushel ; is liable to be injured by frost ; yields from thirty-five to sixty-five to one. Mr. Wilmot says, " give him laud that he can get the water off, and he can make a farm." On the liigh lands the frosts have less etfect, and the mild season is longer. (II.)- No. 5. INFORMATION received by Colonel Cockburn, at Sidney, from Captain Crawley, Sinveyor CJcneral of Cape Hreton. /*or/rt^'■('. Sidney, .",th June 18,27. Cunh; a good inti-lligent man, distance fourteen miles from Sidney. Thymus, an Indian, well acquainted with the country, and residing near Currio and the Priest. ]{fv. Mr. M'l.cod, Catholic Prie t, resi No. .".. 90 APPENDIX TO COLONKI. COCKDniN'S persons wlmiii tlic Siirveyor (ioiuTiil would si'loct as most toiiipetcnf to obtiiiii infoniiation, ami in whose loiuliict anil ri'imits tlu' most conlidcnco inij^lit be placed. The .Surveyor (leneral is f'lntlier of opinion, that tor the sum of i,')i>/. currency, good information of a {jeneral description, and far better than any at present to be had, respcctin;? the quality of soil of the vacant lands throughout the Province im'ght be obtttined. The Surveyor General is of opinion that, {j;enerally .speidting, there would be very few, if any, of the grants of land in this island liable to escheat, some iniprovenicnts having been made and cuiitinuiug to be uiude 011 almost, if not entirely, the whole of them. w \ I f' r Appendix (II.) No. C. (H.)--No. ti. REPORT of Mr. J. Reckwith to Lieutenant Colonel C"ockburn, relative to part of New lirunswick. i I III ! H I I [ \ 1;. Monday, 7th May iSiT. I.rft Dixon's at half-|:ast eleven a.m. in a boat, accompanied by Mr. .Foiiett and four men, and proceeded to Little's, within about one mile of the head of the tide, which flows aiiout twenty miles above the harbour's mouth. We were obliged to contend all day with a heavy wind from the west- ward. Dixon lives on the south sii to north-west spruce and h'r land for two miles ; thence excellent land timbered with maple, yellow birch and hendock, half a mile ; exjilored west-southwesterly, and found hemlock land, with a mixture of hard wood, atid interspersed with v\ild meadows, extending by all appearances to Salmon River; tlience travelled about one mile through hemlock land, interspersed with wild meadows; and thence about tlire(! miles, crossing several small wild meadows and l)i'anclics of llichihiicto River, to a lumber camp .lear its head. This ilistancir cousi>teil of spruce, (ir and pine swamps and barrens. Thursday inth. Pollowed a lumber road fi'om tiie Richibucto to the Little Fork .Stream (a l)ranch of Salmon River,) distance about two miles and a half, west-north- west. Tib' tirst two thirds of the distance priuciiially barrens, wild meadows and swamps the ic>i(hic white and yellow birch, hemlock, |)iue, and some scattering majjlcs, ( tillagcable iaiul, but not of the best cpiality ;) traced the brook up for nearly two miles, and iie.U'ly the sanu' distance down, found the same description of land, the brook about forty feet wide at ere- ing place (probably sixteen to twenty in sunnner,) course toward Sahnon River . u.'. South 2,;° West. Proceeded nortli-wesi by about one mile, same description of laiul; thence half a mile, i)i:ie, hemlock aiul spruce ; the laud then falls ; travelled a few rods through a spruce and cedar thicket ; thence about three miles through a fine ridge of maple, liirili, IkiuNkL s|iiucc, and a few sc:ittering ])iues : the riilge api)eared to extend a I'reat distaiicc south-westerly, and for a considerable distance to the northward, but .s(uith-e:isti riy and iu)rth-easterly falls into plains aud barrens, with spruce and small red pine ridges. ('r(i>s('d a brauih of the Big Fork Stream, skirted with alders, and the banks studded with jiiues ; the stream forty feet wide ; from the appearaiu'e of the chan- nel, about sixteen feet wide iu summer ; course South ()0° West ; thence, between two and three mik";, a continuation of tiu- saoie hard wood ridge, being an excellent louiiy soil, easily cleared, aud rather inclined to be stony: this ridge, 1 have no doul)t, extends to Sihnou River and when settled, roads might be opened to greater ailv.iuia^e from thit i|u;uter liian from Richibucto Thence, atiil westerly, about one mile, to the lii;; I'ork Si ream ; the current rapid, channel deep, and about fifl. I u or sixteen feet widi' iu siiiumer. Tiu'uce, ])rocee:led westerly through a couti- im.itioii of naked liirreiis, skirted with >uiail spruces, beaver pomls, wild nu-adows, aud spruce an 1 red piiu' ridges (oeeasionally iiueruiixed with a lew wliile bircKes,) mitil Saturday at thiee o'clock, e. m. when we entered a pine ridge ; at lour o'clock, M 4 intersected I i: I \ I't it: I TV i'i' t: r i •IISCKILVNEOl'S, Al>peiiHix(ll.) No. 6. 02 Al'PKNDIX TO COLONEL COCKIJUllN'S intersect ml a liimbtT road, wliiili »i- t'olloued soutli-wcstcrly nlmiit one mile and a half to the banks of the (Jaspereaii, which we foiuid to i)e about HCty yards wide, and very rajjid, but not deep ; the course al)out south-south-east. Followed the stream up nortii-west by aliout one mile ; spruce, (ir, |)ine. white birch, and white maple, composed tlie principal part ot' the wood ; the soil sandy. Tiie continued snow, .sleet, and rain, for tiie last two days, with the very heavy travcllinj,' in the barren.s (ankie deep in moss, and near knee deep in water,) renderiu}? ()ur progress slow and tedious. We crossed but one stream of any magnitude, which we judged to be .-i principal braiuh of .Sai)i)ie's Uiver, falling into the Ktieinie or Kain's Uiver. On I'Viday we travelled across a toleral)ly good ridge of hard wood land, about half a mile in breadth, which extended apparently for a great distance to the southward, but to the northward fell almost innnediately into a barren. On Smiday nu)rning, the trees covered with snow, travelled northerly about one mile and a half; thence north-west about two miles, crossed a deep brook running north-oast through wild meadows and alder latul ; thence bore west, and, after proceeding a few rods, crossed a path running north and south the Portage from (lasperean to l'",tienne Kiver,^ the last three miles through red pine and spruce ridges intermixed with barrens ; theme aliout seven miles spruce and pine burnt land, excepting the borders of tlie ditierent brooks we crossed, which had partially *'scaped the ravages of the tire ; fell in with a lumber camp, from wliich timber had l)een haided into Ktieniie Itiver ; and at the sanu- time perceived a hard wood ridge to the southward, which I proceeded to explore, anil t'ound a contiiniation of hard wood ridges principally beech laud,') and pine and s|)ruce grove.^ all burnt over, apparently one or two years since; tlie soil, sand and loam, very light : returned to the camp. Monday 14th. — Course south 70° west, from live until light o'clock, through l)urnt spruce ami pine laud ; a (tw \tri|)s of beich land, and one cedar swamp in that tlistance, being about liiur ami a hall to five miles ; thence one mile and a half, birch, l)eecli, spruce, henihuk and pine, partially burnt, liglit sandy soil, liy clind)ing, found fliat the ridge exlitidcil several miles tn the southward, 'rhence about three miles through old burnt land, urown u|) with cherry trees; a great proportiiui ol'the burnt trees had blown up, which nmlcred it very ditlicull to force oin- way forward. Thence until night, spruce, fir and pine laud ; about lour o'clock, c. m. fell in with u small lake, whirh wc suj)|)ose to be the head ol'the (iaspereaii. Tiu'Mlay 1 'ith.— {Jciit lal coinse, >outli 7"° "''^'> from six to eight; sanu- de- .scription of' land as yesterday afteruoon ; cij;iit until ten, good land, extending north and south for a great di>tancc. tiiiiiiered with maple, birch, beech, spruce, fir, piiu- and luiidock ; thciice to Little Kivrr, whi( h ue reached at ten o'clock, old burnt land soft wood, intermixed with ledar >«,nnps; theme tintd half'-past three, buiiit laml for the tir>l half of the lime, and piiu' .ind --pruci land for the risidue ; tliiiu e about one mile and a half excellent ridgt' of' hard wood, a l)arren to tlu' suiuhw.ird, bevond which hard wood a|ipcars in the cli^lance ; e\|)loring to the liorthw.ird f'oinid a con- tinuation of the same ridge, uliic Ii is too much inc lined to stou''. .\l'ter leaving flu- ridge, jirnc ceded about half'a mile through s|iriice and fir land loan extensive barren ; lirocccdiiig half a mile southerly, again tell ill with the hard wood ridge, extending southwest: returned half a mile northerly, and encamped. W'. liHsday K'th. In urdcr to avoid the barren in fioiit, proc-eeded north-west about one iiiiie and a halt ; ihi iicc wi^t one iiiile. pine and spi iiec land ; thence inixt laml, aliciut om> n.ilc ; •,\luii \m' inteiscc ted a hnnbci road, south du'wcst, and an t'Xtensi\c' liancu to tliv westward. I'ullowin'' the road lijuiid its mciic ral course to vary from west to iiortli 711' wi-t, iiii\t land, a great proportion, birch, beech and maple, .soimwhat slmiy, but good tillageable land, cajiable of making a good Settle- ment. .Mter iiroeeeding about live in- six miles, struck the Nashwack, about sixteen miles above I'rederic ton, at which place we an ived at six o'clock, v. .m. Ihegduial iipiniiiii I lia\c Icjiuuil is, that the count ly around the I'ork Streams, thence .xtciiding lowar.ls S.dinoii Kivcr, and the country approaihiiig the Nash- wack, exteiidiiig towards the IVniack, present advantages liir Iciriuiiig Settleiiieiits on an extii sve Slide, 'ilu' other hard wiiod tracts are cd' so small an extent, or .so dilhculi of access, as, to render them iiieliyihle for J'Vedcriclmi, 'Jiii May iSj;, many years to come, (signed; Juliii liixhxiitli. (llli ,1 and rpnin ja|)le, and I l)u :i On liair Ivard, one INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 93 (H.)— No. 7. RKPOIIT of the Route from the Bend of tlie Peticoudiac River to MiscELUNEoua. Fredericton, as explored by Martin Chapman, in October 1820, and furnished to Colonel Cockburn by Mr. Justice Rotsford. nth. — Left the Rend River north 40° west, five miles, to the Mountain Settle- ment (as so called), a road beinj; passable that far, land being good and level ; then north 88" west, two miles and a half; thence north ,55" west, one mile and a quarter ; thence north (>7i" west, one mile antl a quarter, all good land ; then cross the north branch of the Peticoudiac ; thence north 88" west, two miles, all level land, sandy soil, small growth of timber, maple and birch ; continued this course ; at the eleventh mile found a large swamp ; land being dry to this and to the thirteenth mile, where we crossed a carraboo plain (small) ; then spruce land, to a large meadow, about twenty acres clear, good crop of grass, and a little further came to another hard meadow, a little larger, with an excellent stream of water leading through it ; continued this course to the twentieth mile, tolerable land, sandy dry soil ; thence north .iv' west, one mile and a half, when we crossed the Washada- moack to this ; generally pitch, pine timi)er, and very dry soil ; river ifjO links wide. In order to avoid an extensive carraboo plain, continued down the river seven miles, general course a!)out west ; good settleinent and good road to Charles I^ewis. I'Voni thence north-we.st, one mile, when we crossed a fine stream fifty Jinks wide; continued this course six miles furtlier, tlirotigh excellent hard wood land most of tlie way, to a fine brook ; contiinied same course one mile and a quarter ; crossed a fine stream running south-west, good-land, exci'pt two very small carraboo plains; continued this course until we crossed Cole Creek (as so called) at the forty-second mile ; thence north (i.V' west, generally gooil l.ind, and very level to the forty-sixth mile, to a fine brook ; continued same course till we came to tlic Salmon Uiver, being fifty-one nn'les and a half; all (liis way good level laiul, as ilid the fiice of the forest appear all around as far as the eye could extend. The Nalinon Uiver appeared to have a gem nil cours,' north .■;.", "east up the stream, proceeding up two miles to the mouth of the (iaspireau, where was a good saw mill, and a good two-story house, with blacksmith's slu)p, kc. \c. ContiinuHl this course north (»'," west, two miles ; thence west, and at sixty miles and a (juarter a very •leep l)rook, with a fine stream ; all this way good land to the sixty-third mile ; from the lifty-eiglith to the sixty- first m\\v is an escellent grove of hard wood land, no stones visible, but a remarkable deep and easy soil of a brown cast; kept this course to the seventieth mile, with many dry heaths luid barrens ; thence groves of pine, occasionally hatmataek swamps, and wet, till we came seventy-five miles and a half, when we crossed (as ' i|'l" i[)ti I.ake ; thence west, two miles, to a tine brook ; thence south (iy west, to seventy- f.ight miles ami three quarters, to a deep brook and good land, two streams of water ; to eighty-one miles an(l three ([uarters, tlirougli groves of pine, with heaths ; thence south 4-," west to the eighty-second mile, a line stream rinniing alioiit south, good land; tlie eighty-fourth and ei;^'Iily-lirtli miles very high hard wood land; the eighty-seventh mile principally hemlock, very kx ky, and many hills and deep^vaiilts j , three ipiarters of the eighty-eighth mile is excellent level heeeh land, easy soil; low land to the ninetietli mile, but not sol't ; at the iiiiiety-liist mile, ileep brook. each side the hills are stony ; thence west, to the ninety-third mile, descended a hill to a brook, where is some fine intervale laud ; struck across, and continued our course along this stream some
  • tance, and thence a little southward across some high laiul to the Nashwack, to Henry White's, on the south side, being ninety five miles from the Peticoudiac Mountain .Settlement, and one humlicd from the bend. (signed) J/. C/iajmian. N. B. — As I went down the Washadamoack, the land appeared (and I was informed was) better to go from Lewis's to the Jhitteniut Kidge. Dorchester, January iSjJ. 148. N Appendix (H.) No. 7. J M I , I '".■ iV 94 APPENDIX TO COLONEL COCK BURN'S (H.V-No. 8. f V 'ii- III i MIKCLLANEOVS. Appmii* (H.) No. a hi LN'FORMATION received by Liciitennnt Colonel Cockl)uni, from a liiglilf respectable and intelli-rent Ilesident in Quebec, who lias devotei navigable for Cannes, a distance of .>i;() miles, and empties itself into the River Ottawa, nearly opposite the moulh of the Kingston aud Ott.iwa Canal. '1 li s territory is now in the posses.sidn of a lessee, who pays for it i,-'oo/. a year; there remain about fourteen years of his lease unexpired ; but it it presumed that a surrender might be obtained from him upcm eiisy terms. 'I lie .second tnict of country cout.iius also aluuit (xjdd.odo of cultiv.ible acres; it los.sesses great ailvantages' ('iir settlements; but until the claim of the United St^iti', to a large portion of it is disposed of, it does not seem to be likely that any Sittltnieuls will i)c made upon it. •Ihe INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION'. 9J Tlio tliinl tract of coiiiitiy lyiii}^ npoii tlic Kiii{i;ston und Ottawa Canal is ii most wisceli.Aneous.; ▼nlualili" tract of jaixl, iiiiikr a very mild climatt-, and admirably fitted in ever/ Appcmlix (II.) rciij)L'ct for locatin}; Kniij^raiits. No. a The fourth tract of country, tlicro is every reason to !)elicvc, contains a lar^j quantity of i^nod land ; hut little is known of it except from the Indians and liunters. '1 lie whole of this trail reinains to he explored. There is reason to believe that the whole of tlic interior of this country was cx|ilored and siirveyed hy scientilic men in the I'Vcnch time, and that the plans were returned, and deposited in the liiireaii de la Murine at Paris. If the records of this ptihiie ollice were not destroyed duriuff the Uevoluiion, these plans would probably be found there, and, if so, would certainly convey nuieh information. The persons hy whom these tracts of country mij;ht he settled, are Scotch High- landers, Knglishmen, Scotch l.owlanders, Irishmen and Caiuidians. 'I'he Scotch IIijj;hlanders, either alone, or jointly with the Canadians, hut cer- taiidy withcuit any other mixture, oujjht, it sccuis to me, to be located in the CJreat Valley ol Lake St. John. This is uniiuestionably the Arx tt (lomiciHiim imperii of this Ncu'thern portion of the American Continent, and ouiiht, therefore, to be occupied i)y a pco|>le of military habits, and sufliciently strongly attache I to their jincicnt institutions ami usages not readily to coalesce or asbimilatu with the people of the United States, It U of the last inijiortancc, that this portion of Lower Canada should be inha- bited l)y good men and true; for if (ircat Hritain were driven from all her other Colonial Possessions ujion tlie St. Lawrence and the Great Lakes, (jiiod ])i aicr- tniil ! she might niainfaiTi herself' here, against the cond)ined strength of the whole of the North American Continent. As well the country lying between the old Seigniories and the Province f..inc on the South Shore, as that lying in the rear of the old Seigniories, on tlu- North iShme, ought, it seems to nu', to be exclusively ap|)ropri;ited to Settleiiu nts of Canu- diaTis. This frugal, hardy, brave and j)o!ite |)eople do not readily coalc-ce with the .Americans; ami their ])opulatii)n is redundant to u degree which, ni a new I'ountry, is a.stom'shing, ami calls for remedy. The Lnglish, Lowland Scotch, atid Irish I'.nn'grants, might l)e advantageously settled on the tract of country contigiunis to the ()ttawa and Kingston C'anal. All roiu'uriii representing this country us one of the greatest fertility. 'I'he climate is uiild, and there is a great demand for labour. f w n \ N 96 «ISCi"r,L.VNF.OUS. Appomlix (II.) No. 0. APPENDIX TO COLONEL COCKBURN'S (H.)-No. 9. INDEX to Voi.iMF. Eiiisr of the Minutes of Evidfncf, ami Repohts rcltttiiif? to tiio Settlement of Cuown L.wds in Lowk.r Canau.a, as suhinitted hy 11 Seleet Committee to the House of Assembly of that Province.* iiusr REPORr. ! 1 'I , I. T. 'Euliereaii, Es(|. Aitomit of tlie eoiintry lyin{j between the St. Law- rence anil the l)(iun ()i)>ervatii)ns as to the causes that retard tiie seftiin'; that country- chiclly the undecided boundary. — Pa^^^in ■.'-, to 27. Robert Chri>tie, l',.sq. -Description of the district ofdV/.v/x'- clinuite and soil good, aboinidin;; with harbours and rivers, fiNJi, \c. — I'a^'is j,S to .;i. Mr. Alcsandcr Morrison- Account of River Sa(.i kvay, Lake St. .lean — climate as mild as any part of Lo\\cr C.niada, &c.- l'ii^:cs ;;i, 32. Richard Counhtree Statistical account -Settlement of N'aleartier. — Pas^f 33. Mr. Philip \\'rij;lit Account of his Settlement in the Township of Hull, and peneral observations connected with the country up the Ottawa, exhibitiii}; a statis- tical account of iSjii. \ able of property there, £. 'ii.jjo. — Pa^is 44 /« ',1. < iptain I'ou^'cre Description iif Ma(;delon and Drion Islands, in (inlf of St. Liwrence, property ol' Sir I. Collin. Pitli various iiilonnation, (oiiiiected with the surveying; and j,'rantin;{ Lands m Lower (ill iil.i OlViii.d lees, \e. s.iy, Suivejor (ieiier.d, I V^- per 1,ihii) in res - 111*. ( Ink olCo.iiieil PioMiKi.iJ Seiretary, i", v, - fiuiiier, i>\. Sil. — .\iiditor Re- };isliar, -, '■ .\Horni\ (iemral, Kn., \c. \c. Pa^is 1 I In id. .Alexander Ilea si.uts that aliout •idn.mhi acres of Land lit for cultivation, iin- coiKr.led lu rear of l.i \allne and ad|.ieent .Seij,'niorii s states that for want of I'luiPi.u Aim \\(,i Mi.si AMI I \i iiiiiis 111 Dianr EMUiiiwis, the .Settlement of liev L.ind is iiiucli retaiiled in Lower Canada. /'«;;<•.« ,J4 In .;H. • ■//.- .Si„,, ,„ ih. M,i:^,i, ,,],, I, II,, nhlixr l.>i;rlamt ../' Ht flijtiritl Vaiiiniapki -f Iht It'ixiii. J ^ n I Jaiiie* II II II II INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 97 POUTS JAUA, that .Fmncs MMJoimll — states that the climate and soil is very productive in the back miscellaneous. country, lyinj; north of Lake St. Peter's, towards the source of St. Maurice River, &.C. Pages 4'. to 49. ^PP^o '^ ^""^ Table of oflicial fees paid on j^rant of land, ;; /. 6s. Srf. — Page 56. I I Table of land granted in Lower Canada, which has been surveyed since ' I year 1 795. 2,2(13,709 445, ()'()(> Granted. Crown 1 „ Clergy r^''^'"^"- Page 84. I, and I I I I ctard I 1 I il soil I I I iL'an— I, and statis- idf of luon- ■rvc's and 1 line !(> N in les - • Re- , nu- ll <>( nir ./■ tit aniev II II II ■'■' lilt II SIXTH REPORT. I.Fohn M'Nidcr — Account of the Settlement of Metis, with cost of clearing land, &c. - Soil good between Cacona and Metis, as also between Metis and RisriGuucHE. - Fisheries at Metis, &c. Sic. - Pages wit to 1 19. I Isaac Man, Esq. — Description of the country about the Hay of Clialeur, Risti- I Gorciir, &c. -River Matapediac -original Settlement of New Carlisle and Gaspe, &e. Pages ijo to 123. I Lieutenant Colonel Cockhurn- respecting the Military Settlement at Perth iii I Upper Canada, kv. &.e.— Pages 123 to 128. Ca; i.iin Fenwick, Ilarbour-ina.ster of Quebec— Arrival of Emigrants, 11 III II iSjl 1822 S,(i,'|() 10,471) iS.jjIi Page 141. SEVENTH REPORT. County of Buckingham, gnnitid to ten persons, each about ."jOiOoo acres, and no iinproveuunt. Page 4'.'. James M'Kiiizie, Vsq. Account of River S.v(;i:i;yAV, aiid adjacent country — Soil good, fie. I'vf. Pages ',1 to (io. Mr. .lames M'Douall Description of River S.k ikvav Anchorage Road- steads Climate ami soil good Cattle maybe i. .!ose|ili llnuduite, r.si| , Surveyor (leueral — respecting Si iivkvs takiv of Low I II ('A\^o\ general ninaik on the conntry Mxteiit of Lower Canadii IV'.oiio siipeilicial mile* J"(,ooo or .(o.ooo esplored Observations on Saoik. NAV, \e. I'a^ue \o.\. Pam mm. Taciil Paiticuhir description of the S,igucnay country, &e. Paget 113 to 117. Nj , I, |S ArrKNUIX TO COLONEL COCKBURN'S n u Iff If i MISCKI.I.ANF.OCS. Al)|iomliv(l'.) Nil. 9. INDKX to Vol I MP. the SiTOM) of the Minutks of Kvioi nck, ami lUi'Durs, rdiitiii}; to the Sktiifment of Crown I-avos in Lowku Canada, as siibniitteil by a Select Conimitteu to the House of Assembly of that IVovince. APPENDIX TO TKN'i'II UKPORT. Louis NFoiitizambeit, Ks(|. and Aiuiiew M'iiliani Coehran, I'.sq. — conccrninj» the fees payable on tyrants of land and other official duties.— Pa^^c S. JosopU Houchettc, Ksq. Survovvir (Jeneral— a Uoad from St. Laurence to Frediriiton. N. B- Acmuiit of St. .loliirs River, Madawn-.ka, \c. &c.- Pa^ns 9 to 12. Major P.llidit Description of M.idauaska Settlement, and line of ItoAH i kom I I I Sr. I.AWUKVCK ri) I'ourAc.f by Tciniseouta Popidation of Madawaska Settle- ' ' ' Hunt, iSjj, MiH) Minis. P(i::\idc, e\ii\inily i'lriile.- Pivjc- ii) to jj. Way hill and post route, fioni II.di(',i\ to (x'ikIik Distatue ('t,',(^\ miles Seven- I teen ilayspcrloriniiiL,' in DeLemlier iS.i. Poi'js jj, •.' ;. I'dward Isaac M.in, I'si]. Itciiiar'ns on M.idaw.isk 1 and t!i.' ( di \ii;\ i\ \\\\n I 1 I of olil Si nil iiK nis on the St. I.a\>ren(e Ironi Point Levi to ( acona, "itii oliscrva- ' ' ' tions on propovi'd ro.id lr .(.; Ill ;,7. Coi.o\ri. HoiTiimi:, Si itvKvoii (irvi n \i respecting Maps ami Survryi of I I I l^iwcr Canuila Country lyin;^ bitweeii the S\(.i j x.w iiiid St Maiiriee Rivers Lake 'I einiscouta, nine lui;;ius Ion;;, one or I\m» miles and a half wide. Pti^ics (ii to «ij. Da\id Stii.iit, l'..i|. \iiHiiiit ul Indians tluu inhaliit the (oiintry lyiii^ l»f- I I twieii Si .M.iiiiice Rivirumltlie .Miii^en .Seitjniiiry and ( oasl ol Labrador in all ' ' •buul 70U Dutils. Pu^ci lij lu G^. Mr Riihird Delmi^jhrry- it.itistieal aerount of the now Settlement of Valeurtier. UnlKTl Christie, V.*»\. im iiceouiit of River Itisti lotid, ami Well adapted fir Sellhiiiiin.— iV^o {<; h, 6 I Hcniche— .Madawaska- .So I I I I II '1'. 1 . 'Licl lerau, wJH INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. 99 T. T. Tachcrau, Esq. — Answer to ciglit questions, respecting the Ristigouchc, misc eu.an koos. Madinvaskii, and Tcnii>coiita, wliitli ho represents extremely fertile and well Appendix (H.) adapted for Settlement, —i^rt^w ')? '« 73- No. 9. Relative to various roads on the south .side of the St. Lawrence, towards the tnwnshijw. — Pai^ex 79 lo 84. Reports of Mr. V.. G. Man, respecting road from St. I^iwrcncc to Ristigouche. —Pages 84 lo 88. I I I John M'Nider— Road from Metis to Uiitigouche. CornNFi. IJoLriirTTi; -respecting Teniiscouta — Metis to Ristigouchc — Kcne- bock Road, &c. — Report of an exploring party from the River Chauderie and River de Sud, and tliose that fall into River St. John's— by Mr. William Ware, I) r.s. II Ui.v , I r N4