V ^ > ^v^^ ^ h. ^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) F.^ ^ ^ ,«« t 1.0 ^1^ Bi |22 1.1 S vs. 120 i,^: Sdmoes UHpQrddon 23 WIST MAIN STRIH WIUTIt,N.Y. UStO (716) •72-4903 4> CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICIVIH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreprcductions historiques Tachnieal and Biblioflraphic Notas/Nota* tachniquaa at bibliographiquaa Tha Inatituta haa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy avaiiabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographically uni^ua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may aignificantly changa tha uaual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. □ Colourad covara/ Couvartura da coulaur r~n Covara damagad/ D D D D D Couvartura andommagAa Covara raatorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura raataurta at/ou pallicuite I — I Covar titia miaaing/ La titra da couvartura manqua Colourad mapa/ Cartaa giographiquaa an coulaur Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) I — I Colourad plataa and/or illuatrationa/ Planchaa at/ou illuatrationa an coulaur Bound with othar matarial/ RaliA avac d'autraa documanta Tight binding may cauaa ahadowa or diatortion along intarior margin/ La re liura aarrAa paut cauaar da I'ombra ou da la diatortion la long da la marga intAriaura Blank laavaa addad during raatoration may appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar poaaibla. thaaa hava baan omittad from filming/ II aa paut qua cartainaa pagaa blanchaa ajoutiaa lora d'una raatauration apparaiaaant dana la taxta, maia. loraqua cala Atait poaaibla. caa pagaa n'ont paa AtA fiimAaa. Additional commanta:/ Commantairaa auppMmantairaa: L'Inatitut a microfilm* la maillaur axamplaira qu'il lui a iti poaaibla da aa procurer. Laa details da cat axamplaira qui aont paut-Atra uniquaa du point da vua bibiiographique. qui pauvant modifier una imaga raproduite. ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dana la mAthoda normala de filmage aont indiquia ci-daaaoua. P o |~n Coloured pagaa/ Pagaa da couleur Pagaa damagad/ Pagaa andommagAea □ Pagaa reatored and/or laminated/ Pagaa reataurAea at/ou pallicuMea Pagaa discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pagaa d6color4es, tachaties ou piqut D Pagaa d6color4es, tachaties ou piqudes Pagaa detached/ Pagaa ditachtes Showthrough/ Tranaparanca Quality of prii^ QualitA inAgale de I'impression Includes supplamantary matarii Comprend du material supplAmentaire Only adition avaiiabia/ Saula Adition diaponible I I Pagaa detached/ 177) Showthrough/ pn Quality of print varies/ |~n Includes supplamantary matarial/ n~| Only adition avaiiabia/ T a! T w : bt rll ra m Pagaa wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, ate. hava baan refiimed to ensure the best possible imaga/ Lea pagaa totalement ou partiellement obscurcias par un feuillet d'arrata, une pelure, etc.. ont M filmies A nouveau de fa9on A obtanir la maillaure imaga poaaibla. Thia itam ia filmed at tha reduction ratio chackad below/ Ce document ast filmi au taux da rMuction indiquA ci-daaaoua. 10X 14X 18X 22X 28X 30X • J 12X 16X aox 24X 28X 32X The copy filmed here hae been reproduced thanka to the generoeity of: National Library of Canada L'exempiaire filmA fut reproduit grice A la g6n4roeitA de: BibliothAque nationaie du Canada The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated Impression. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol — »• (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol y (meaning "END"), whichever applies. IMaps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les images suivantes ont AtA reproduiteii avec ie plus grand soin, compte tenu de la coniition et de la nettetA dvi l'exempiaire fiim«, et en conformity avec Sm conditions du contrat de filmage. Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprim6e sont filmte en commenpant par Ie premier plat et en terminant soit par la dernlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impresslon ou d'illustration, soit par Ie second plat, selon Ie cas. Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmte en commenpant par la premlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impresslon ou d'illustration et en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un dee symboles suivants apparaltra sur la derni*re image de cheque microfiche, selon Ie cas: Ie symbole — »• signifie "A SUIVRE", Ie symbole ▼ signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmAs A daf> taux de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque Ie document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clichA, 11 est film6 d partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche it droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant Ie nombre d'images nteessaire. Les diagrammes suivants iilustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 37i CI Aga h J ANU. Tlte so a B tn thi im A1 at til W. was Ja tion the ] To t Til fully of Ju p OS ill 37th Congress, } 2d Session, f SENATE. Mis. Doc. No. 26. MEMORIAL or THR CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, ST. PAUL, MINN If 1 BKMONBTRATINa Against any action at the present session of Congress suspending the treaty between the United States and Great Britain of June 5, 1854, commonly knoivn as the recipi'odty treaty. m January 27, 1862.-- Referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations; motion to print referred to the Committee on Printing. January 29, 1862. — Reported in favor of printing. TV/e rononstrance of James W. Taylor and others, of the St. Paid, Minne- sota, Chamber of Commerce, against any action at the present session of Congress suspending the treaty hetveen the United States and Great Britain of June 5, 1854, commonly knoivn as the Canadian reciprocity treaty, or proposing in any manner to impair the terms or obligations thereof, unless such action is the result of a new negotiation and agree- ment between the respective governments. At a special meetiiiji; of the St. Paul Chamber of Commerce, held at the rooms of the United States district court on the 17th instant, W. R. Marshall, president, occupied the chair, and S. K. Putnam was appointed secretary pro tern. James W. Taylor presented the following memorial, which, on mo- tion of J. W. Cathcart, was adopted, and directed to be forwarded to the Minnesota congressional delegation: To the Senate and House of Bcpresentatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled : The Chamber of Commerce of St. Paul, Minnesota, would respect- fully remonstrate against any action at the present session of Congress suspending the treaty between the United States and Great Britain of .rune 5, 1854, commonly known as the reciprocity treaty, or pro- l)osing in any manner to impair the terms or obligations thereof, unless 1*1 -i I nl mi n ■;?.« Iii; V m if 2 RECIPROCITY TREATY. sucli action h the result of a new negotiation and agreement between the respective governments. I. Your memorialists prefer to rest this remonstrance upon the single consideration of national good faith — the scrupulous regard for treaty obligations which the American government has always observed and will continue to observe. For this purpose we invite attention to the fifth article of the treaty, which follows : Article 5. The present treaty shall take effect as soon as the laws required to carry it into operation shall have been passed by the Im- perial Parliament of Great Britain, and by the Provincial Parliaments of those of the British North American colonies which are afl'ected by this treaty on the one hand and by the Congress of the United States on the other. Such assent having been given, the treaty shall remain in force for ten years from the date at which it may come into opera- tion, and further, until the expiration of twelve months after either of the high contracting parties shall give notice to the other of its wish to terminate the same ; each of the high contracting parties being at liberty to give such notice to the other at the end of said term often y ears, or at any time afterwards. This treaty was promulgated by President Pierce on the 11th of September, 1854. The period from its date to promulgation, June to September 11, was occu[)ied in the passage of laws to carry it into operation by the United States, England and the provinces inte- rested. Under a special article (article G) the treaty did not become applicable to the Island of Newfoundland until December 12, 185;). From the date of President Pierce's proclamation, September 11, 1854, the period of ten years must therefore be computed, within which the operation of the treaty is removed beyond the power of Congress. The life and obligation of the treaty extends to Septem- ber 11, 1864, and neither of the contracting parties is at liberty even to give notice of its termination until after the "end of the said ten years. ' Twelve months must also elapse before such notice can takf effect. There is one exception, however, to this conclusion. By the first clause of Article IV it was agreed "that the citizens and inhabitants uf the United States shall have the right to navigate the river St. Law- rence, and the canals in Canada used as the means of connnunicatiiii;- between the great lakes and the Atlantic Ocean, with their vessels, boats and crafts, as fully and freely as the subjects of her Britannic Majesty. * * It being understood, however, that the British gov- ernment retains tlio right of susjjending this ))rivilegc on giving (inc notice thereof to the government of tlie United .^tates." Article iV then proceeds to provide tliat if at any time the IJritisli govi'rnmeut shall suspend this freedniu of niivigation upon the St. Lawrence river an(l the Canadian canals, the government of the United States may sus|)end, as to Canada, the third article, which admits an eniiracrated list of artieh-s, the growth and [)ro(lu(H' of the colonies and the United States, into each country respeetivily, iV'i- of dutv. RECIPROCITY TREATY. 3 Great Britain not having suspended the right of Americans in the St. Lawrence and the Canadian canals, Congress has no power to act under this solitary exception to the permanent obligation of the treaty. It is therefore submitted that, until September 11, 1864, and fur- ther or beyond that date until the lapse of a subsequent notice of twelve months, (if the government desrie to terminate the operation of the treaty,) the Congress and citizens of the United States will scru- pulously observe and fulfil the obligations imposed by Article V above cited, as well as all the other provisione of the treaty in question. II. We venture the further statement that all parties to this treaty have hitherto observed its stipulations in good faith. The Americans possess and enjoy their enlarged rights in the British fisheries of the northeastern coast, and the free navigation of the St. Lawrence ; neither government has interrupted the exchanges of the free list prescribed by the third article ; while upon a subject purposely ex- cluded from the provisions of the treaty, namely, the tariffs of the United States and the adjacent provinces in respect to articles of manufacture and foreign production, there is no legitimate ground of complaint in any quarter. Prior to 1861 the duties by the Canadian tariff were considerably enlarged after 1854 ; but recently the Amer- ican scale of duties has been advanced in a still greater proportion. In both cases the changes have been enforced by financial necessity, and do not conflict with the treaty of 1854. III. At the regular session of the American Congress, to be as- sembled on the first Monday of December, 1864 — almost three years from the present time — it will be in order to take measures which shall then appear expedient in regard to our relations of revenue and commerce with the British provinces ^on this continent. Within that period the discussions of our future continental policy may be expected to suggest the terms of a more definite and permanent treaty, avoiding former errors and omissions, and which, as your me- morialists hope and believe, will be far more comprehensive and satis- factory than the negotiation of 1854. The closing three years of the decade during which the existing treaty is irrevocable will probably disclose events bearing directly and impressively upon the question of international relations on our northern frontier. Some of these we venture to anticipate. 1. Central British America, including an inhabitable area of 300,000 square miles, and extending northwest of Minnesota to the Rocky mountains, will probably be organized as a crown colony of England, with the seat of government at Selkirk. There is good reason to believe that a bill for this purpose will become an act of Parliament at the session now impending. 2. Britifsli Columbia on the Pacific coast, having received a similar organization in 1858, the establislimont of the province of Central British America will go tar to realize the hope so gracefully expressed three years since from the throne of England: "That her Majesty's dominions in North America niay ultimately be peopled, in an un- broken chain from the Atlantic to the Pacific, by a loyal and indus- trious population of subjects of the British crown." •''I If ill I '■•^i im hi m m m k it 'W. RECIPROCITY TREATY. 3. Minnesota, with the co-operation of the government at Wash- ington, has relied with confidence upon the probability of such a colonization of the fertile valleys which stretch beyond the interna- tional boundary, from the lakes of Superior and Winnepeg, or the western limit of Canada, to the Pacific colony of British Columbia. Our mails, our trains of regular transportation, and our steam vessels on the Red River of the North, are already provided as important links of international communication from Toronto to St. Paul, and thence to Fort Garry. The projected railroads of Minnesota, with extensive grants of land from Congress in behalf of their construction, harmonize in a northwestern trend to the valleys of the Red River of the North, and the still more remote Saskatchawan. Our whole commercial future has been projected in concert with the victories of peace, even more renowned than war, of whicli we still hope to witness the achievement in northwest America, irrespective of the imaginary line of an international frontier. 4. Animated by these expectations, which the march of events has hitherto justified, wo invoke the "sober second thought" of the country upon the subject of our continental policy. With the sup- pression of the southern rebellion; with dispassionate discussions by all the parties interested; with the happy accord of minds like Cobden in England Jind Chase in America upon the best methods of revenue, and. lastly, with the lessonS and suggestions of the next three years, a treaty, eminently deserving the designation of a reciprocity treaty, Avill probably be submitted to the Congress of 1864. 5. In conclusion, the chamber merely reiterate the uniform utterance of the authorities and citizens of Minnesota, when we anticipate an adjustment of the relations of the United States and all the British provinces on this continent, upon a basis of mutual interest and good will. We do not deny the expediency of a revision of existing stipu- lations — at a proper time, this community will insist upon a revision; but always in the interest of further freedom, not additional restric- tions, of commercial intercourse. We expect to urge the territorial extension of a future reciprocity treaty to the provinces northwest of Minnesota, and an enlargement of its provisions to the proportions of a Zoll-Verein or Customs Union. With these impressions, the St. Paul Chamber of Commerce repeats its invitation to the senators and representatives of the United States in Congress assembled to review the stipulations of the treaty of Juno 5, 1854, and to avoid all action inconsistent with the public Taitli. If, however, with the scrupulous observance of international obligations, the Congress can find or make a way, in 1862, to the policy which your nieniorialists have assigned for the diplomacy and legislation of 1864, the result Avill be warmly welcomed by the people of Minnesota. h- a- lio a. ks CO vo ze h, al 311 le le as le P- >y )n e, y, 20 111 )Il )d 11- II ; c- al 8t IS ts 38 3f ic al ic id lo