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Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film6 d partir de Tangle supdrieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thode. 1 2 3 4 5 6 / PROFILE OF DEAD RIVER, 1 1 .« ^fyf^'\^r-fr/^ DE^VD RI\'EK III MOUTH OF tDEAD R 1 I Wf'/,W% v.^,J'^ ' ^ ^ 0s^^^^^*^'lf l lfl^i II I I > - 1 ^g »y ^ j >' » , • ^^^.ffO^mi^^SJ^ ii m J i- ' lS&^J^ . ^^I^^To . l^S^ ^^ PASSAIC KIVF.K ' f i « NEW PROVIDENCE 1 1 ■'» P*p i ift^'^M»'"^»'^?'^ ^ ^*' ' ^ ' y^i!^" '' '" '" '"^'' ' "y w m muiiiiKT^^ . ^ n ^>vf f ^ ^ i ^' , / PASSAIC rtv:er r^ ^. I PROFILE or DEAD RIVER, 1 I 1 '4 fn^ \ 1 ^- ^. ■ :^1f1f^^g^1^P^%^-%,?:^l|%|f?^ rROFILE FROM DK^VD RIVEK I NGTON 1 MOUTH OF tDEAD RIVER. I •5 ' I v )' " n f^" r^?tr^' y',»> ' ^v»LJ^ * ^ '*!j j ^ Sj^'^"^'^ ■ w ?! y<^"fy yw^^ny,^ , , ., , «'||^//'^?-^^/// PASSAIC RIVF^,K t 1 f I NEW PROVIDENCE. I t ^ ^ ^ ^^i . ,3^g ^ > ^j% .ry W i K, ^^li^hti^ii^^^^.fi'^i^i'^fs^iD f ^, iWi . »* H Ikrt fWo mmM A line of levels was run from Chatham Bridf^e to Milling- ton Bridge, and also on Dead Kiver as far as the second bridge from its mouth. From these levels the heights of the benches were determined at all the intervening bridges. The heights along the RXirface of the water were found by leveling from these benches. The heights along the bottom were determined by sounding in the channels of the rivers, and subtracting the depths from the heights of the surface. In the accompanying profiles, the top of Beatty's Dam, at Lit- tle Falls, is the datum plane. The heights of the points, both along the surface and the bottom of the rivers, were measured from this plane. It will be seen, by a cax*eful examination of this profile : Ist. That the bed of the Passaic from Chatham Bridge to Page's Dam, has a I'ise of twenty feet, while each dam, viz : the first just above Chatham Bridge, the second, Edward's, and the third, Bunnell's, backs the water up to the dam next above it. 2d. That the bed of the river from Page's Dam to Smally's Bridge, distant eight miles, following the course of the chan- ^ nel, has a rise of six feet, while the bed of the river at , Smally's Bridge is two feet Imcer than the top of Page's , Dam. 9 n ■? Tsr 60 3d. That the bed of the river from Smally's Bridge to the mouth of Dead River rises five feet ; from tlio mouth of Dead River to the bridge opposite the Church, two feet ; from the Church Bridge to Millington Bridge, five feet. On Dead River, from its mouth to the second bridge three miles up, it rises eight feet. We see then that while the river, from Page's Dam down to Chatham Bridge, has a sufficient fall. Page's Dam must back the water up to the mouth of Dead River. So that an ordinary rain, when the mill-pond is full, will flood the Passaic A^alley from the dam to the mouth of the Dead River. By the " New Formula,'' deduced and used by the Hydro- graphical party, in their investigations on the Mississippi, a fall of eight inches per mile, in a stream the size of the Passaic above Chatham, will give it a velocity of about one and a half feet per second. This fall can be obtained by cutting Page's Dam down eight and seven-tenths fcet, which will make the grade line at the dam thirty-seven seven-tenths feet above the datum plane. This grade line prolonged will strike Bunnell's dam two feet below the top, or thirty-seven feet above the datum plane. Bunnell's Dam, therefore, will require cutting down two feet. The grade line between Page's Dam and Turkey Bridge, as the profile indicates, is from two to three feet below the bed of the channel, and about half a mile above Page's Dam it is five feet below the bed, and the bottom is rock. Be- tween Turkey Bridge and Townly's Bridge, tlie bed of the river, wherever the grade runs below it, is mostly loose earth and sand bare, which, with a little work, will be washed away by the action of the running water when all obstruc- tions below Turkey Bridge have been removed. At Townly',' Bridge the grade is forty-one and one-half feet above tht datum plane, or one foot below the bed of the channel. From \ ia TT \. hidgo to the nth of Doad feet ; from On Dead milos up, it Dam down 's Dam must So that an ill flood the of the Dead y the Hydro- MissisBippi, a size of the of about one obtained by 13 feet, which 1 seven-tenths prolonged will r thirty-seven herefore, will 67 this bridge to the mouth of Dead River, and on Dead River, to the second bridge, the grade is from one to three feet below the bed of the river. Dead River and the Passaic, for half a mile below the mouth of Dead River, have at present a /all sufficient to carry oft" the water if the obstructions below were removed, but they are entirely to shalloic. For this reason it will be desirable to cut them down to the grade line to furnish a channel sufficiently deep to keep the water within its banks and below the surface of the ground. The work of doing this will not be great as the most of it is loose earth, not liaving had any current to wear it away. From about half a mile below the Church Bridge up to Millington, there is at present a largo fall. To drain this valley, then, requires that the bed of the river be cut down to this grade line ; and this will necessitate the destruction of Page's Dam and at some future time the lowering of Runnel's Dam. When this is done, and only when this is done, the Valley of Ihe Passaic from Millington to Chatham, and also the Valley of Dead River, can be well drained. The princijial cost of this improvement will be in paying for water-power that will necessarily be destroyed. irkey Bridge, eet below the 3 Page's Dam is rock. Be- ie bed of the mostly loose ill be washed n all obstruc- At Townly'.' et above tht [innel. From ''^~''*-*-- • ■■' < Kwm feifei'*as*»»w»i*^*«Wsi^^ i<^i^>^i^^iiSMM^Mskim)igii^^»i^*^^ - .J