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Hiotographic

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Corporation

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32X

PROSPECTUS

OF THE

ST. ANDREWS AND QUEBEC

^^ <ij*mi»^ aM, aI'JM ci^Sk. W^ dJ*S^

SAINT JOHN, N. B.

PRINTED BY HENRY CHUBB & CO. (COURIER OrFICE,)

PRINCE WILLIAM-STREET.

1846.

" SAIM AiVDftEWS AND QUEBEC RAIL ROAD."

(ORIGINAL PROSPECTUS.)

The splendid and highly interesting scheme for opening a
certain and expeditious communication between Canada and
the Atlantic Ocean, by a Rail Road from a point near Quebec
to Saint Andrews in New-Brunswick, an open Winter Port,
advantageously situated in the Bay of Fundy, having now re-
ceived the approbation and support of Earl Gosford, the Go-
vernor in Chief of British North America, the people of Lower
Canada, and the twobranchesof its Legislature ; ofSir Archibald
Campbell.LieutenantGovernor of New-Brunswick, the people of
that Province, and both branches of the Legislature ; it therefore
becomes expedient, that the views of the Projectors should be
more fully exhibited to the Public than has yet been done, in
order that it may be enabled, in some degree, to appreciate
the benefits likely to result from so great an undertaking, and
to judge how far, and what degree of confidence may be
placed in the investment of funds necessary for its completion.

When it is considered that the only natural outlet from and
access to Canada, are by the St. Lawrence, and that this River
is, as to navigation, closed more than half of the year, it be-
comes evident, that a communication of the nature of a Rail
Road must be of immense utility to such vast, flourishing, and
fertile Countries, and that the transportation of Goods and
Commodities of various kinds would unquestionably be of
corresponding magnitude.

The Imports to and exports from these Countries, have, in
prosppct, scarcely a limit. At present, the former arc c\lf"!i

sive, but would be greatly and progressively enlarged by au
increased facility ofprociirin'^ them, particularly such articles
as might be wanted when the usual and hitherto only source
was closed to their introduction ; and many of the latter, such
as Flour, Grain, Provisions, Ashes, and other products, are,
from the same cause, excluded from a market until late in the
spring or early in summer.

The contemplated Rail Road would remove all these obstruc-
tions and disadvantages, and command a large portion of the
transportation of those goods and products at all seasons, and
the whole during half the year; thus securing to the Canadas
an uninterrupted intercourse with all the world, but more espe-
cially with New-Brunswick, Nova-Scotia, the West Indies, and
the United Kingdom, which, with the consequent advantages
of more speedy returns and greater accommodation, would ad-
vance the prosperity of all the Provinces, give an impulse to
enterprise and production, and increase trade to an unknown
extent. Indeed, it would be but the commencement of interna]
improvement that must soon extend to the further Wcst^ and
concentrate an imniense traflic of the utmost national import-
ance.

This magnificent view should never for an instant be lost
sight of, but be acted upon with all possible promptitude and
energy, the urgency of which is indicated every day, and if
not attended to, will shortly be manifested in the divertion of
wealth and trade to neighbouring Countries, with but little
chance even of a partial recovery; the great value of which
may, in a degree, be established by the circumstance of the
rivalry now subsisting between the States of New-York and
Pennsylvania to obtain each a portion of it.

To secure these unlimited and legitimate resources, it will
be only necessary to construct a Rail Road from Quebec and
Montreal to Lake Huron, in extension of that from St. Andrews
to Quebec, which may be done at an expence not exceeding
One Million Pounds : thereby shortening the distance, and
almost uniting the Ocean and Great Lakes.

Another feature of great moment is presented to the interests
of humanitj by the preliminary and fundamental project now
brought forward, in the inestimable benefits that would accrue
to Emigration, both in comparative safety and shortness of
voyage ; by which the Emigrant would find his way to any

part of Canada cheaper and in less time than he coiihl by any
other route, and that without encountering the extra risk, too
frequently experienced in the liulC of St. Lawrence.

Nor are these the only views to be taken of the subject: —
The resources of two hundred miles of rich forest Country
would at once be opened an<l rendered productive, and the
Timber and difierent kinds of Lumber procured on the track
of the Road svould afford immediate employment and yield of
itself a large income, besifles giving rise to Towns, Villages,
and Settlements along the whole line. Lime, Uypsum, and
superior Slate quarries also are to be found in abundance,
and indications of Coal have been discovered.

Without entering into a detail of the various items from
which the revenue will arise, a few of the leading ones may be
adverted to as data by which general conclusions may be at-
tained. As the Road will necessarily pass through superior
and abundant groves of Yellow and Red Pine, and across
minor Streams and branches of Rivers, near excellent Mill
Sites, no doubt can be entertained but that prodigious quan-
tities of Timber, Boards, and Deals, will be brought down for
exportation which otherwise must for the most part be locked
up for ages; but allowing the moderate and average quantity
of One Hundred Thousand Tons annually to be transported
at the rate of Five Shillings per ton, (about the cost of River-
driving,) and this item will pay £25,000; and taking the con-
sumption of New-Brunswick and the Northern part of Nova-
Scotia as the standard of computation for Flour, Grain, and
Provisions, it will be found at least equal to 110,000 Barrels,
which, at Three Shillings pe" Barrel, will be £10,500; in all,
for these articles alone, £41,0^0. This may be said to apply
at the present time, with a reasonable expectation of arriving
to double that sum ; and if the West-India and other imports,
with Passengers, Emigrants, &.c. are included, it must, in ra-
tional probability, be more than treble. The actual, or even
probable amount of income, however, cannot be ascertained
otherwise than by inference ; but enough is known of the na-
ture and importance of the forests, and of Canadian import
and production, to justify the conclusion, that the profits of
transportation would warrant the undertaking; and that they
would be fully adequate to defray charges and pay interest for
capital invested, so soon as the Road was fairly in operation,

and become, shortly after, stock of greatly enhanced value ;
and this expectation is the more apparent from the certainty
that the cars on the whole route will be loaded both ways, an
advantage which few Rail Roads can possess.

The cost of constructing this Rail-road is unknown. The
distance is supposed to be about 250 miles,* through an un-
commonly level country, without the intervention of any as-
cents that would require stationary power, — except at Point
Levi, near Quebec, — or of any impediment worthy of notice.
But, taking as an estimate the expense of similar works in the
United States, it is presumed, and confidently believed, that
One Million, sterling, will be sufficient; and that little more
than half that sum will be ample, should fiovernment mukc
liberal grants in aid of the undertaking — for which, applica-
tion has been made to His Majesty by petition.

An Act has passed the Legislature of New-Brunswick, with-
out expense, incorporating " The St. Andrews and Quebec
Rail-Road Company," with a capital of £750,000, divided into
30,000 Shares of £25 each, which, with a similar Act, to be
passed in Lower Canada, with a capital of £250,000, will make
One Million — the full amount of the estimated expense : or,
the capital of the latter may be greater, if thought expedient.

When it is taken into consideration, that the proposed Rail-
road, the track of which is indicated by the accompanying
plan, will be through wilderness country, with a plentiful sup-
ply of all kinds of timber wanted in constructing the works,
where few bridges or embankments will be required, and
where the right of way can be secured at little or no expense,
there can be little doubt that the estimate will be found to ex-
ceed the actual cost.

In the neighbouring States, Rail-roads are in the course of
construction, of far greater magnitude, and with much less in-
ducement from immediate prospect of profitable returns, and
many of them have greater difficulties to encounter than the one
from St. Andrews to Quebec, which latter the Association are in-
duced to advocate, from the most careful attention they have
been able to give it, as being one of the most splendid and
promising routes, and one that possesses more graphic and

* This was the supposed distance, previous to the survey, but since the altera-
lioiiin the route, from the cession of le nit or}-, it is estimated at about ',140 miles.

nat
or I

tru!
the
deli

Ada

national features and advantages, th.in any other that has been,
or probably can be suggested in North America.

This statement and prospect, the Association hope and
trust, ill be admitted to be reasonable and satisfactory ; and
they pledge for its accuracy all they can— the integrity of their
deliberate investigation, and of their entire conviction.

JAaiES ALLANSHAW, Chairman,
THOMAS WYER, Deputy Chairman,
H. HATCH, 7

JOHN WH.SON. Committee

JAMES RAIT, \ of

SAMUEL FRYE, I Manascjnmt.

J. McMASTER, \

Adam Jack, Secretary.

Hotli brandies of tlio Legislature of Lower Tanada also ap-
proi)atcd the scheme, and showed the interest they took in it
by passing the following Jlcsoliition»: —

II«)r.sF, or Assi'.Mni.Y, QuruKc, \
Wedncsdaif, ViUh Dec. 1«3.>. J

Resolved^ — That every facility should be given to meet the
views of the Legislature of New-Brunswick, in opening any
intercourse between the two Provinces.

Resolved^ — That as soon as the Legislature of New-Brtius-
wick has passed an Act to establish a Rail Road from Saint
Andrews to the Province Line, that every facility should be
given to the enactment of a Law of a similar nature, upon con-
ditions as favourable as may have been granted to any Rail
Road Company within the Province.

Resolutions adopted by the Legislative Council^ Saturday^ VMh

December, 1835.

Resolved, — That a Rail Road between the Port of Saint An-
drews, on the Bay of Fundy, which is open at all seasons of the
year, and the Port of Quebec, would greatly diminish the dis-
advantages under which the Province labours from the severity
of its climate, and the consequent periodical interruption of the
navigation of the River Saint Lawrence.

Resolved, — That the opening of such communication between
the port before mentioned, would promote the settlement of the
country, greatly facilitate the intercourse between this Pro-
vince and the United Kingdom, extend the interchange of
commodities between the British Possessions in America, in-
crease the demand for British manufactures, and be the means
of affording additional employment to British shipping.

Resolved, — That for the foregoing reasons it is highly expe-
dient to promote and facilitate the views of the Saint Andrews
and Quebec Rail Road Association ; and that so soon as the
Legislature of the Province of New-Brunswick shall have pass-
ed an Act to establish a Rail Road between St. Andrews and
the Province Line, every facility ought to be given to the en-
actment of a Law of a similar nature, upon conditions as fa-
vourable as may have been granted to any Rail Road Com-
pany within this Province.

Iso np-
k ill it

ect the
iig any

-Bnms-
1 Saint
)u]d be
on con-
ny Rail

y, lOth

int An-
s of the
the dis-
everity
of the

etween
of the
s Pro-
ge of
ca, in-
means

expe-

idrews

as the

J pass-

s and

le en-

as fa-

Com-

l{i\i()!vi'J,~T\i\\i an huiiiljK? Aililr(?ss he prfV^enuvJ to His
Kxccliency the tjtivcrnor in ('lii<:f, praying that His r,\i"ilhMH*y
will he pleased to trnnsinit the jihove Kcsohitions to Uio Sucre
tary of State for the Colonial Department, as the opinion of the
Legislative Council upon the siihjcct to uliieh it has reference,
and praying also that His liXcellency will he pleased to n*
commend the Mul)ject to the favourable consideration of His
Majesty's (Government, if His r.xcellency shall think fit t«»
do so.

The inhabitants of Quebec and Montreal took a warm inter-
est in the measure, and zealously came forward and signed a
Petition to His Majesty for aid : and the Hoard of Trai'e of
both of those cities joined the Association, as will appear by
the correspondence with the Deputation.

On the lOth of January, I8.*ji>, the party of exploration re-
turned, having proceeded to tlic head waters of the Saint John
Tliver, near the Canadian line, and having found a very level
tract for a Road, without any material impediments, as will ap-
pear by their report.

Resolutions of the ] louse of Assemb/i/ of Xovn-Scotia,
March ]it/i, 18:l(;.

Jicsohud, — That it is the opinion of this House, that a Rail
Road between Saint Andrews, in the Province of New-15runs-
w'ick, and the Province of Lower Canada, as contemplated by
the Petitioners, will promote the settlement of the country,
facilitate the intercourse between these Provinces and the
United Kingdom, extend the interchange of commodities be-
tween the British Possessions in America, and increase the
demand for British manufactures.

Jtesolved, — That for the foregoing reasons it is expedient to
promote the views of the Saint Andrews and Quebec Rail Road
Association: and, therefore, that a Committee be appointed to
wait upon His Excellency the Lieutenant Covernor, and re-
spectfully request that he will be pleased to transmit these Re-
solutions to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, as the
opinion of this House, and recommend the subject to the i'a-
vourable consideration of His Majesty's (lovernment.

Resolved, — That Mr. Stewart, 3Ir. Smith, and Mr. Chinman,
be a Committee for the above purpose.

JOTTX WHfDDEX. Clerk.

Copy of the Associatio7i\^ Petition to His Majesty^ for aid, S^c,

TO THifi king's most EXCELLENT MAJESTV.

The Humble Petition of the Saint Andrews and Quebec Rail

Road Association,
Sheweth : —

That your Petitioners, firmly impressed with a conviction of
the practicability of opening a Railroad Communication from
Saint Andrews, in your Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick,
to Quebec, in your Majesty's Province of Lower Canada, did,
in the month of October last, form themselves into an Associa-
tion for the express purpose of bringing that desirable measure
before the Public, thereby to enable it to form a correct esti-
mate of the incalculable benefits to be derived therefrom.

That they immediately submitted the object of their Associa-
tion to His Excellency Sir Archibald Campbell, your Majesty's
Lieutenant Governor, who was pleased to approve the same, iu
decided and gratifying terms.

That in a short time, thereafter, they also submitted the
scheme to His Excellency Earl Gosford, your Majesty's
Governor General in Chief, who likewise was pleased to
approve the measure and their proceedings, in the most
unqualified manner.

That they caused a party consisting of Surveyors and other
men, having a knowledge of wilderness country, to explore
the contemplated line of road ; who after great diligence and
care, have reported favorably thereon.

That they conceive, that the completion of the proposed
Railroad, from Saint Andrews to Quebec, as aforesaid, would
be of great national importance, inasmuch as it would connect
and consolidate your Majesty's North American Provinces :
open a direct and certain communication between them at all
seasons of the year ; improve and bring into action many
inaccessible resources ; extend the trade and commerce of
these growing Colonies, and secure the same to the interests
of your Majesty's Empire, which otherwise must, in part, be
diverted to other countries ; more especially the extensive and
increasing trade of Upper Canada, which will be almost wholly
engrossed by the internal improvements now rapidly advanc-
ing in the United States, and which the contemplated Rail-
road alone can counteract.

That Saint Andrews has an open winter Harbour, peculiarly
and advantageously situated for shipments to, and from, all
your Majesty's Possessions.

That the expense of constructing such Railroad would be
too great to induce individuals to undertake it, without the
patronage and encouragement of your Majesty's Government.

Wherefore, your Petitioners humbly pray that your Majesty
will be graciously pleased to take the premises into your
Royal consideration, and direct the construction of a Railroad
between the Ports before-named, or extend to your Petitioners
such protection and aid, as shall seem to your Majesty, in your
wisdom, meet; and your Petitioners, as in duty bound, will
ever pray.

JAMES ALLANSIIAW, Memhcr of the Legislative Council

of New-Brunswick, Chairman.

THOMAS WYER, M. P. P., Deputy Chairman.

H. HATCH,
J. WILSON,
J. RAIT,
S. FRYE,
J. McMASTER,

} COMMITTKE OF MANAGEMENT.

WARD CHIPM/^N, Chief Justice of Ncw-limnswick,

WILLIAM BOTSFORD, Judge of Supreme Court,

WILLIAM F. ODELL, Secretary of tlic Province,

THOMAS BAILLIE, Member of Executive and Legislative Councils,

and Commissioner of Crown Lands,

G. F. STREET, Solicitor General, and Member of Executive Council,

GEORGE SHORE, Member of Legislative Council,

C J. PETERS, Attorney General, and Member of Legislative Coundl,

JOSEPH CUNARD, Member of Legislative Council,

CHAS. SIMONDS, Speaker of House of Ansanbly of yctc-Brunsiciik.

•A

ST. ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAIL ROAD.

■ip® ^21111 ipwsindndt

So long a time lias elnpsed since the original Prospectus of
a Railway from Quebec to St. Andrews was issued, that a short
statement of ulterior proceedings may be due to the Public, as
explanatory of their suspension.

In 1836, a deputation of the Association proceeded to Lou-
don, and submitted the project to Government, with a Petition
to the King for aid, which was most graciously received, and
the prayer of it answered by a Grant of £10,000 for exploration
and survey ; about £9,000 of which was expended in prosecut-
ing the objects for which it was made, principally under the
superintendence of Major Yule, of the Royal Engineers, whose
Report is extremely favourable to the undertaking. During
the same year, a law passed the Legislature of New-Brunswick,
authorizing the construction of the Railway from St. Andrews
to the Canada line, and still remains in force.

In consequence of the remonstrance of the United States
Government, in 1837, further proceedings were arrested, and
the surrender of a part of the tract of country surveyed, influ-
enced a continuance of their suspension, from a fear that the
altered line necessary to keep within British territory, riiight
be considered too great an undertaking to induce capitalists
to carry it through.

Recently, however, other and longer lines have been
proposed and advocated upon various grounds, but the most
important object to be secured, the preservation of Canadian
trade^h^.^ only been adverted to, not investigated, so as to show
that those lines are equally capable of benefiting it with the
one terminating at St. Andrews ; indeed it may be assumed,
that comparison in that respect is out of the question.

Among the iVKiny {ulvnijlagcs which this line possesses over
any others that can be devised, is its great superiority in point
of distance, which alone holds out a fair prospect r^ competing
ivith American lines, and consequently of counteracting the con-
troul of a large portion of Canadian trade by foreigners.

The more this vitally important subject is investigated, the
more necessary it must appear that the nearest and cheapest
route to and from Canada, should be adopted ; whatever other
railways may be constructed for other purposes.

Whilst the line from Quebec to St. Andrews will best pro-
mote and secure this great commercial and political interest,
it will, at the same time, pass through an extensive range of
woodland, and convey lumber of different descriptions to a
near market for exportation, which a longer route would not
permit to the same extent, nor on equal terms.

It is therefore contended that this line, both in a commercial
and political point of view, is entitled to a preference over all
others, and it is believed that it may also subserve all the other
national purposes equally as well.

The principal objection raised against this line is its prox-
imity to the American boundary, being thereby rendered, in
the event of a war, liable to be impeded by hostile invasion,
&c. Although this state of events is not to be guarded against,
it should be recollected that even the one from Halifax will be
subject to the same peril, should it be an object with the enemy,
as a large portion of it will be equally exposed, and that at a
point where it will be most vulnerable.

It should always be kept in mind that Rail-Roads are best
adapted to promote peace and civilization, and, therefore, that
the argument of contiguity is greatly in favour of the St. An-
drews line, instead of having any actual weight against it, as
it would be met and intersected by one from the American side,
which would materially increase its utility, and enhance the
value of its stock, and at the same time add to its safety in the
event of hostilities, by influencing restraint in self defence.

In the event of the Halifax and Quebec line being determin-
ed upon, as it most likely will be, the one to St. Andrews will

become a branch of about one hundred and forty miles in
length, and undoubtedly pay far better than any other portion
of it, as it will be the shortest route for Canadian intercourse
and trade, and, consequently, command a greater amount of
traffic than any other terminus ; and it must be kept in mind,
that it is the only one that can, successfully, compete with the
diveriion of Canadian trade to foreign ports, and their mono-
poly of it.

THOMAS WYER, Chairman,

H. HATCH, 1

J. WILSON, ^

S. FRYE, I ^o^^ff^^

G. D. STREET, \ ^ ^-^

G. F. CAMPBELL, ^^^(^g^^nent,

W. HATCH, »

St. Andrews, 24;A January, 1846.

8:1

ii,i

SUPPOSED AMOUNT OP TRANSPORTATION OP ARTICLES

FBOM SAZ»rT AXTDREVrS TO QUEBEC.

West-India Produce — Rum, Sugar, Coffee, Molasses,

&c. &c. &c. — say £7,500

European Manufactures and Merchandize, including

heavy Goods, 12,000

Gypsum and miscellaneous articles, equal to 50,000

Barrels, at 5s. 12,500

150 Passengers weekly to Quebec, at £2 10s. for

fifty-two weeks, 19,500

Emigrants, uncertain, probably £10,000, but say - 7,000

£58,500

EXPORTS FROM QUEBEC.

Flour and Salted Provisions, estimated at 150,000

Barrels, at 38. £22,500

Wheat, Barley, Oats, &c. &c. say - - - - 8,000
Staves, Ashes, and miscellaneous articles, say - 12,000

100 Passengers weekly, at £3 each, . - - 15,600

£58,100

200,000 Tons of Timber, Boards, Plank, &c. at 7s. 6d.

from intermediate places, £75,000

Shingles, Saw Logs, and other descriptions of Lumber, 7,500
Provisions, Goods, &c. &c. for Settlers on the road,

and intermediate places, 5,000

£87,500
Amount of Imports to Quebec, - - - 58,500
Amount of Exports from Quebec, - - - 58,100

Amount of Imports and Exports to and from Quebec, £204,100

Expence of Building 340 miles of Railway,
at £4000 per mile, £1,360,000— at 5 per
cent. Interest, £68,000

Current annual expence^s, . - - - 50,000

iis,om)

£86,100

II U

It will be observed that, in this estimate, no allowance what-
ever is made for Public Service, such as carrying Mails, &c.,
and should Prosser's plan for building Railways be found to
answer, no doubt but this can be constructed at about one-
half the estimated cost.

Whether the calculations are near the truth, may be uncer-
tain, but when the actual workings of other similar lines are
examined, it will be found that there is ample ground to enter-
tain a confident expectation that the investment in this enter-
prize will at least be safe, if not lucrative ; indeed, we have
much reason to believe that the transportation, each vi'ay,
will much exceed the estimated amount, and we feel confident
in saying that the calculations are made rather under thuii
over the probable amount.

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