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Lorsqua le document est trop grand pour 6tre reproduit en un seul cliche, 11 est film6 d partir de Tangle supArieur gauche, de gauche it droite, et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thode. 1 2 3 4 5 6 ■■•-''•'■^•iy^ii.^,iJi-jit,^j«rM»MMii^tljr-s^ttfj^i.j,li^'y--%f^^,^^ S*i%! ^*r(S i ii/WT.-- . ''-**.i'WJp|M4i'»lM-ti.*.r.i;. I '■f h.//t*^ /^ 1/^-' HISTORIC BECQBDS OV TBS gm few i«»«k «:a»al«g> riABT IBA HABBIB OUABO: (Xju>iii.'>wi', MiKan* Bum, Bwhjw. Kh«a«»«»w afb QwnmiX. BmMnBm,Bvmaut ram BwiH i imi o» Mtt-mBi OBSEKfATIONS OF THE AUTHOR BY THE WAY. •tmM 0k(Ut)es pf t^e OltmUe af tl)« Potomac ond of t^< S^enatibott^. '-"-iV -■"':''' -' ■.'.■-VW '-'^ niTEREBTIHO AC50OUMTS OF PRISOIT UPE AMD or TBI SECRET SERVICE. Complete IiistB of its Officers and Men. . / pan By Bbv. LOUIS N' BOUDRTE, OEAn^iR ov nn sMnnnn. nXlISTBATKD WITH BTKBL P0BTBAIT8 AHD WOOD 0TJT8. ALBANY, N. T. : J. MUNSBLL, 82 8TATB STEBBT. 1868. I 4 ? .4 Xntered Aeeonling to Act of Coofren in the Tmt 188B, t^ havn N. Bousna, In tb« Olwk't Office of th« District Oonrt ct the United SUtet for th* Iforthem District of New Torlc Uf3 2> / 4. I. f . MUMUiXi nnran. ci l^ Sii A. -».-jiv><^>M9]f- ^. .. ■(o 0*0 o AStatMfgrtiM **Vi TO TEE BSAVE"' SOTS OF TEH OLD FJFTE, who have to ofUn d^gfiayed uniurpamd PatrioUtm, FarMudt and Valor in fl« tri/ini/ t)iei$tUude» of Military Lift; and uha, en to many Noody Fiddt cf BcMe, hone heniecMy up- M ihtBtarry Banner t and June itt auOiffrO^ in (he pret- «a»-a««i jti-'-"' th New York Boys.— |oiR8anoe to Louisa aeral and Important lonnoissanoe through V cf a Rebel Camp, bhargo on a Sutler's IHatch. — Interesting \t. 1862 85 gainst him at Chan- lantowa. — Desorip- ightatChantilly. — )rder of Command- »ture of a Howitxer. n. Itt to June J4tA, 4« ia. — Breaking Camp Horse. — March over the Cn/alry Corps. on — Catralry Battle sburg, Third Day.— — Battle of Hagers- Rcar Guard of Rebo! Expelled from Free • 61 Pursued Tery Vigor- otomao The Gun- ]!ourt House. — Lee rtson and Rapidan ndy Station.— His lills.— The Armies Contents. XI ill Swing like Pendulums. — Skirmish at Stevensburg. — Several Days' Fighting at Raocoon Ford. — Change is the Soldier's Lite.— Excitemeut about Re<>nlisling as Veteran Volunteers Build- ing Winter Quarters Jul;/ 16M to Deembtr 31»<, 18f>3,.. 72 CHAPTER Vn. Life in Winter Quarters. — Its Duties and Pastimes, — Its Interest- ing Scenes. — Dangerous Picketing between the Rappahannock and the Rapidan. — Frequent Attacks by Guerrillas. — Kilpat. rick's Second Raid to Richmond. — Col. Dahlgren's Part of the V/ork. — Full Account by Lieut. Merritt, who accompanied Dahlgren. — Object of the Raid. — General Plan. — Dahlgren's Command. — Successful Capture of Rebel Pickets on the Rapi- dan. — Honor to Lieut. Merritt's Command. — Capture of a Rebel Court Martial. — Conduct of Prisoners. — The Faithless Negro Guide. — He is Hung.— -Property of Mr. Seddon, Rebel Secretary of War. — His Negroes. — Their Depredations. — Our Soldiers falsely Accused of Pillaging. — Henry A. Wise wisely Skedaddles. — Within a few Miles of Richmond. — CoHperation with Kilpatriok Impossible. — Preparation to Attack Richmond. — Nature of the Fight. — Withdrawal. — Casualties. — Terrible Night's March. — Meet a Rebel Ambulance Train. — Crossing the Panunkey. — The Mattapony. — Marching and Fighting. — The Ambuscade. — Dahlgren Killed. — Road Barricaded. — In Straits. — Ammunition Exhausted. — Preparation to Disperse. — The Party Broken up. — The Cabin in the Woods.— The Surren- der. — A Baptist Preaoher.->- The Parson's Bobbery and Apolo- gy. — Dahlgren's Rem<\in8. — Arrival atLibby Prison. — Casual- ties of the Fifth New York. — Synopsis of Kilpatricks March. — The Terrible Tornado.— Tcnuary 1«( to May 2d, 1864 90 CHAPTER Vm Army of the Potomac. — Good Condition. — First Steps of th« Great Campaign under Gen. Grant. — The Fitth New York opens the Battle of the Wilderness at Parker's Store.— Detailed at Army Headquarters. — Scenes at the Hospital. — Lines of Battle. — Second Day. — Lee breaks our Lines twice. — Is Repulsed. — t ■i [■^i V '■^'^•c^^^i^-ijit^-ias'i \ zii CONTKNTS. Col. Hammond Ordered to Qermania Ford. — Ib Placed in Coa- mand of ProTisicual Brigade of Cavalry. — Brings up Rear on First Left Flank MoTement. — SkirmislieB on the My and Po RiverB. — Affair at the Maitapony. — Sergefcnt Sortore Killed. — Hi* Burial. — Battle jt Milfurd Station. — A Stratagem at Little River. — Vast Forests uf Virginia. — Battle of Ashland Station — Dark, Muddy March along the Pamunkey — Tedious Marcnin Rear of a_ Supply Train. — Men Sleep on their Horses. — At Charles Ciiy C. H. — Fight at White Oak Swamps.— ifay 3d to June IQth, 1864, 120 CHAPTER IX. Crossing the James River. — Pleasant Scene. — The WiUon Raid, — First Day.— Battle of Nottoway Court House.— The Danville Railroad. — What we D<*Btroyed. — The Contrabands. — Battle of Reams Station.— The Swift Retreat. — Awful Scenes.- The Author's Personal Adventures. — Is Diamounted in the Woods. — Travels by Night and Rests by Day. — Narrow Escapes. — Assist- ed by Negroes. — Reaches our Lines Safely. — Casualties of tbe ^aid. — The Division Ships for Qeisboro' Point, D. C. — June I7lh to Auguet 9(A, 1864, 143 CHAPTER X. To the Shenandoah Valley. — Exciting Scene in Snicker's Qap. — Battle of Summit Point. — Battle of Keameysvill' Station. — Crossing into Maryland. — Old John Brown air in Charlcstown. — Skirmishes near the Opequan Battle of Winchester. — Drive the Enemy through Front Royal. — Up Luray Valley. — Raid to Staunton and Waynesboro'. — Cavalry Fight at Tom's Brook. — Battle of Cedar Creek. — Sheridan's Ride. — Unparalleled Cap- turos by the Regiment. — Gi. j. Custer's Congratulatory Order. — Reconnoissance to Rood's Hill. — Spirited Engagement near Mt. Jackson. — Regiment Detailed Escort of Qe&eral Sheridan. — The Fruit of Sheridan's Work in the Valley. — August I2th to December 81«^ 1864, „ 162 Contents. xiu Is PUoed in Coai- rings up Rear on n the Ny and Po t Sortore Killed. — Stratagem at Little of Aehland Station Tedious Marcnin their Horses. — At Bwamps. — May Zd 120 The Wiloon Baid. — use. — The Danville >ntraband8. — Battle wfu! Scenes. — The nted in the Woods. — w Escapes, — Assist- . — Casualties of tiie Point, D. C— June 14S in Snicker's Gap. — neysTill' Station. — lir in Cbarkstown. — Winchester. — Drire uray Valley. — Eaid ht at Tom's Brook.— — Unparalleled Cap- gratnlatory Order. — Ingagcment near Mt. Seneral Sheridan. — ey. — Augutt 12lh to „ 1C2 *:--<»*^-^»^igired Guide. — Gladly 276 lers. — Interesting In- 1 287 [. lompany giren alpha- „ 810 ra<*«.,:*:Ki;?-'^:^-»i i^.-:..l'73*^i>-*Mifi'^«l*^ I 'l"J L 'I life! ;t»saw;iii£i£^:£K'a««b«^Si!^^'' . CHAPTER I. Our Cayalry Deficient at Bull Run.— This Arm Recruited.— Organ- iiation of the Fifth New York Cavalry.— Hon. Ira Harri* lenda his Name and Influence.— Early History of Regiment.— On Staten Island, New York.— Flag Presentation.— Speech of ■ Senator Harris.— Regiment Leaves the State.— In Baltimore.— In Aaaapolig.- 'At Camp Harris.— /u/y 26M to Dee. 81«t, 1861. Tho first battle of Bull Run clearly demonstrated the importance of the cavalry arm of the serrice, and that the enemy's cavalry, including his notorious Black Horse, was far superior to ours. Fully aware of our deficiency the authorities went directly to work to reenforce this weak arm and to invigorate it with new life and discipline. Recruit- ing officers at once appeared in every section of the loyal north, whose calls were made for cavalrymen, who would bo expected to take the field against the proud chivalry, whose success, thus far, had made them more defiant and confident than before. On the twenty-sixth of July, 1861, the secretary of war authorized Col. Othniel De Forest, of New York city, to raise a regiment of cavalry for the field service. With earnest zeal the colonel began the work assigned him, and by the last of September he had gathered on Staten Island, New York, the nucleus of a fine cavalry brigade. From this assemblage of recruits Col. De Forest organized -4 18 Historic Records. tlio Fifth New York Cavalry, known as the F.rc t Ira Kar- ris Guard, in honor of Senator Ira Harris, of Albany, under whose patronage the organiiation wa« commenced and completed. New York City had contributed liberally of men, though whole companies and parts of companies were raised in Essex, Wyoming, Allegany, Tioga and 0/ange counties. A few men were also obtained from the states of Massachusetta, Connecticut and New Jersey. No bounties were then paid to recruits, and a bounty of only one hundred dollars was promised to be paid by the United States, at the expiration of term of service. On the Sist of October, on Staten Island, New York, the field and stafiF of the regiment were mustered into the service of the United States for three years, by Capt. L. 8. Larned, of the United States army. The muster took effect from that date. The regiment was now quartered in common, or A tents, furnished by the United States, and the place where the boys received their first lessons in discipline and drill was called Camp Scott, after the old veteran, who, at that time, was closing his active military labors. The first and tice^nd battalions received their horses during the month of October, and began to be instructed in mounUd drill. October 81«<. The regiment was inspected for the first time by Lt. Col. D. B. Sackett, of the United States army. The last company had now been mustered in, and the com- mand stood with a strength of 1,064, besides the oflicers. On this day of inspection the regiment, was also mustered in for pay, preparatory to receiving its first remuneration from the government, which came on the sixth of Novem- ber. At that time the government had not yet learned to deal in paper money, and the boys received their pay *.;iV---V.a- XX'rt**'?5 (■.■«MiS±i«aaJSi^** the First Ira Ilar- larris, of Albany, n wu commenced itributed liberally )arts of companies ogany, Tioga and obtained from the 1 New Jersey. No 1 a bounty of only )aid by the United ce. nd, New York, the red into the service Capt. L. 8. Lamed, or took effect from ared in common, or tes, and the place 18 in discipline and Id veteran, who, at y labors. The first !8 during the month Q mouvfid drill, pected for the first Inited States army, id in, and the com- besides the officers. was also mustered I first remuneration he sixth of Novem- ,d not yet learned to received their pay Fifth New York Cavalry. 19 wholly in gold and silver, though it was the last time they were cumbered with the precious metals. Monday, November Wth, was a memorable day for the regi- ment, which was Ihon presented with two beautiful flags, one by the common council of the city of New York, and ilio other from the hands of Misses Kate Harris and Mary F. Klake. A stand had been erected in the centre of the plain, at Camp Scott, in front of which, at the appointed time, the regiment was formed into a hollow square, the officers, some thirty in number, in full dress uniform, advancing to the front, Col. De Forest occupying the centre of the group. At the unfurling of the colors. Senator Barris, who was present, arose on the stand, and spoke as follows: Col. De Forest, Officers and Soldiers of tJte Ira Harris Guard: — I am here to-day to perform a most pleasing service. It is one of the proudest moments of my life. To-morrow,imany of you will depart for the seat of war, there to take part, actively and successfully, I trust, in the great encounter in which our country is now engaged with treason and rebellion. The rest of you will soon follow. Before you go, I desire to place in your hands and commit to your keeping a most sacred deposit — one which I am sure you will be ready to defend with your hearts' best blood, liook upon that standard. Behold these stars and stripes. As the star of Bethlehem has been, for ages, the great centre of religious hope, so these stars and stripes are the emblem of all we hold dear as Americans. Upon these the patriot rests his best hopes. They are the great beacon- 1 The regiment did not go as was expected. ,•'^iJ5&?K^i^iii^ \ 1 ■ ;: ii 5;^»» hi 20 IIisTortio Records. light of oppressed humuuity throughout the world. And yet those Btara and stripea — so preciouH in the eyes of every true American — and now tenfold more precious than over before — were, a little while ago, at Fort Sumter — in one of the states represented by these stars, basely, ignomini- ously »hot down. This outrage was oummittcd, not by a foreign foe --this could have been endured — but by the coward hands of traitors. This was too much to bear. At their country's call, hundreds of thousands of patriotic men have gone forth to revenge the insult and suppress this most atrocious rebellion — the most atrocious that the world ever saw. Hundreds of thousands more are ready to go whenever their country needs them. Neither men nor money shall ever be wanting until this great rebellion is uttorly extinguished. This is the great and noble errand upon which you go. I think I know the men to whom I speak. They are brave men — they are patri( tic men. I trust and believe there is not one of you who would not pour out his blood like water, to save his country from destruction and dishonor. How gladly would I go with you. Did my circumstances permit, I would march with you to-morrow, and share with you the perils und the glory of the patriot soldier. But though I cannot go, I rejoice that my name and honor are to go wl'h you. I know they will be safe in your hands. Col. De Forest, as the represent- ative and leader of this noble band of men, I commit this standard to your hands. Keep it — stand by it — defend it, even with your life. Let it be rent and marred in the intensify of the conflict to which you go, but let it never be dishonored by the polluting touch of a traitor's hand. And I ask you — both you and the men of your command — now A: r?.**-*.',:'. ^■^;'W .V-flV^ ■--:i:^imf:^i^'^' FiFTU New York Cavalry. 21 the world. And tho eyes of every rociouB than over Sumter — in one baiioly, ignoiuini- amitted, not by a ired — but by the luch to bear. At lauds of patriotic and suppress this >UB that the world are ready to go Neither men uor great rebellion is and noble errand 10 men to whom I patri(tio men. I )u who would not his country from would I go with would march with srils und the glory in not go, I rejoice ^ou. I know they t, as the represent- len, I commit this 1 by it — defend it, and marred in the but let it never be 'aitpr's hand. And jr command — now and here, in the presence of this large assemblngo, to record your vow, that, God helping you, this banner shall not pass from your hands until it shall wave in graceful triumph over the very grave of treason. And, colonel, I have yet another equally delightful office to perform. The duty has been assigned me of presenting to you this other flag. It conies from delicate hands. It is the united gift of love and patriotism. Take it with you, and, when far away upon the tented field, let it be to you for a memorial of tho Kjved ones you leave behind you. And when you come to meet the foe in battle, let it, with talismanio power, neive your arm to strike heavier, deadlier blows in your country's cause. And now, colonel, officers and men, farewell I I shall watch your movements with the intensest interest. Whatever my humble efforts can occomplish for your wel- fare or comfort shall be done. But the life of a soldier is no holiday life. I know you will endure hardships as good soldiers — that you will brave even death itself in a cause BO glorious. Some of you will fall in battle. Oh, it is a glorious death thus to die. Some of you — most of you, I hope — will live to return. But come not back, I charge you, until you come covered all over with glory, to receive tho plaudits of a grateful country." To this profoundly impressive address, which was fre- quently interrupted by cheers from the whole regiment, (Jol. Do Forest made a very touching and appropriate response. This was ibllowed by an outburst of enthusiastic cheering. November IHth. The regiment took its departure from the state, and after a pleasant journey by rail road without accidents, reached Baltimore on the 19th. During their stay ill tl»e Monumental city the 3d battalion drew horses ^'■m .V'A* -i^asfji'j^sii''' " i"« '.- [imeiit made ics During their in St. Mary's |thi8 capital and the city, and CHAPTER 11. Discipline and Drill. — First Bivouao. — At Harper's Ferry. — Win- chester. — Its Appearance then. — First Capture made by the Uegiment. — Col. Turner Ashby (Rebel) in thff Valley. — Fight irith him at Harrisonburg. — Gallant Conduct of the Fifth. — First Casualties. — Cayalry towing Infantry across a River by hanging on tha Horses' Tails. — Battle of Front Royal. — The Flanker Stonewall Jackson. — The Regiment Engaged. — A Portion of it cut off. — Great Daring. — Belle Boyd, the female Rebel Spy. — Letter of Charles H. Qreenleaf. — How Gen. Banks savtid his army. — Result of Ketreat. — Jan. to May 26M, 1862. The winter at Camp Harris was not spent in vain. Under the instructions of a thorough disciplinarian, and of excellent drill masters, the regiment had become versed in the tactics of war. Horses as well as men had learned the " certain sounds" of the bugle, and were masters of evolu- tions and dispositions required of them. Thus the founda- tion of a career destined to be important and glorious was laid, and the command was only waiting for the opportunity of practicing in the field what it had learned in camp, and of achieving what had been fondly hoped by its friends. That time soon came. The last day of March, 1862, found them breaking up their winter quarters and preparing for the realities of field service. On that day the 1st and 2d bnttalions marched to Annapolis Junction, and entered into their first bivouac. The first April they were at the Relay V-i^A 4«K.'«A»igKRaW»«' 1 24 Historic Records. House, and on the 2d at Harper's Ferry. Until the ninth April the battalions wore separated from each other, and sent from one post to the other as though the authorities did not, know where they were really needed. They alternated between EUicott Mills, Washington and Harper's Ferry, until at length the whole regiment bivouacked together amid the rough scenes of the John Brown raid. On the 10th Cos. F and L escorted Maj. General Roseorans to Winchester, Woodstock, Paris, and returned again to Harper's Ferry. During aheavy rain, which made the roads almost impassa- ble, and the weather uncomfortable, the regiment marched, on the 20th April, to Winchester. This was then a beautiful town. " Grim visaged war," with her fire and sword, hr.d not yet desolated the fine public buildings, nor destroyed the beautiful shrubbery and foliage of the streets. But Wir.chester was then as rebellious and aristocratic as it was beautiful. Thoroughly loyal Union families were there, but they were like angel's visits, "few and far between." It is true it cost something to be loyal there, but the virtue of loyalty is a possession well worthy its expense. The regiment remained not long to luxuriate in this pleasant locality, but moved on the 22d to Strasburg, where it remained two days, moving to Woodstock on the 24th. On the 26th the men received their pay from the govern- ment, and were prepared to march to New Market the next day. On the 29th, while on a scout, they captured four prisoners. This was the first capture the regiment ever made, and, at that time, it was considered a big thing. May 2d. Co A made a reconnoissance from Harrisonburg toward Port Republic, running into General Jackson's camp. In the skirmish and flight that followed, they had one man ■ 'Sj*jrs-ti-5Jt»l«M-i\««'-'*?*-rf^i y tfSy^mi'^^-.'i^i^^^f^y'M^- Fifth New York Cavalry. 26 Until the ninth idh other, and sent authorities did not They alternated irper's Ferry, until together amid the )n the 10th Cob. ins to Winchester, Harper's Ferry, ids almost impassa- regiment marched, as then a beautiful ire and sword, hr.d ttgs, nor destroyed the streets. But ristocratic as it was nilies were there, and far between." lere, but the virtue expense. ) luxuriate in this to Strasburg, where [stock on the 24th. ly from the govern- w Market the next they captured four the regiment ever 3d a lig thing. from Harrisonburg iral Jackson's camp. I, they had one man captured, the first man ever lost from the regiment in an engagement. i/fiy Sd. The regiment advanced to Harrisonburg, and reported to Brig. Gen. John P. Hatch, commanding cavalry in the valley. On the 5th the whole force fell back to New Market and bivouacked. Mai/ Qth. Col. Turner Ashby, a young dashing Rebel officer, with a force of picked cavalry, had been playiiig mis- chief with our outposts for several weeks. His exploits had been so daring, quick, and so generally successful, that he had made himself a great name, and become a terror to our forces. During the day it was reported that Ashby with his men was coming down the pike from Harrisonburg. lu the afternoon a detachment of the Fifth New York was sent out to check any advance that might be made. Within about five miles of Harrisonburg, they encountered the re- doubtable Ashby. Our men all eager for a fight, fell like a whirlwind upon theenemy,and using their sabres with terrible effect, soon scattered and turned thera back in confusion. And now commenced a scrambling race. Clouds of dust arose from the road, which almost entirely enveloped both the pursued and the pursuers. Occasionally the Rebels rallied, but were swept away again, and finally chased into the sub- urbs of the town, badly defeated. The conflict cost thera 3 men killed, 5 wounded and 7 prisoners, besides several good horses captured. On our side we lost Asahel A. Spencer, Go. E, killed, who was the first victim of the regiment, offered to the God of battles. William Mills, Co. I, was wounded. Sergeant Wm. H. Whitcomb, Co. M, was cap- tured, butesoaped through dint of Yankee ingenuity. " The Rebels hud stripped off his arms and were using the inde- -.'il. itmfki»tm»^m^^mm0^ 26 IIisTORic Records. coruB language with whicli tbo Yankee prisonar is usually saluted," when he informed them that they had been pursued by only a dozen Yankees whom they might all capture by dashing back upon them . They charged back, were scattered, and some of them captured by our boys, and Whitcomb escaped. Adjutant Hasbrouck was here captured and taken to Ricb^rond. One correspondent says of the affair: "The brilliant charge, of which you were informed by telegraph, has estab- lished beyond a cavil the reputation of the Ira Harris Guard. Hereafter the Rebels will not forget that there is cavalry in this division capable of driving back their mounted guerrillas in confusion and consternation; capable of using the sabre, the proper instrument of the trooper, in close hand to hand conflict. This is the firsi time that we have heard from this body of New York cavalry, and they have made a good report of themselves, and done honor to their state." Another writer says: "I asked one of the prisoners, if he thought our boys could fight well. He said : ' Only that regular cavalry ) they fought like devils.' That regu- lar cavalry was the glorious New York Fifth," After returning from this successful encounter, some of our men, while bathing In the river near New Market, were attacked by bushwhackers, and two men of Co. I were killed and one of Go. L captured. The day following this affair, the news was received of the evacuation of Yorktown, and the army was in a great jubilee of rejoicing. Consolidated bands visited Generals Banks, Williams and Hatch, and made the town echo with patriotic music. They also visitei and serenaded tbo Fifth I*' n I a.««fAV.- -v orf Fifth New York Cavalry. 27 prisoner ie usually had been pursued rht all capture by ck, were scattered, 9, and Whitcomb ;aptured and taken : "The brilliant legraph, hasestab- Ira Harris Guard. b there is cavalry ik their mounted ; capable of using trooper, in close time that we have ry, and they have )ne honor to their of the prisoners, He said : * Only evils.' That regu- fth." noounter, some of New Market, were )f Co. I were killed ws was received of rmy was in a great 8 visited Generals he town echo with erenaded the Fifth New York in honor of their gallant charge yesterday. As that had been the first cavalry charge of the war, where sabres were used, and with such signal success, the affair created much comment at the time in military circles. On the 12th the whole force fell back to Woodstock, and continued aa far as Tom's Brook on the 14th, at which time quite a skirmish was fought at Woodstock by our cavah-y. As our army fell back, ita rear was closely followed and frequently attacked by Ashby's force. Consequently a strong guard was required. On the 21st, Gen. Hatch, with about 150 of the Fifth, made a successful attack upon this force, drivin,; them many miles, killing, wounding n.ud capturing several and returning without the loss of a man. Meantime, Co. H, which had been detached with Brig. Gen. Sullivan in the Luray Valley, during the last of April, had fought several spirited skirmishes with the enemy and now rejoined the regiment. While in the Luray Valley they had witnessed a curious modus operandi, where a force of our infantry and cavalry was hard pressed by the enemy on the bank of the Shenandoah river, which was so high as to be unfordable. As a last resort the cavalrymen plunged into the stream, swimming their horses, and towed across the infantrjrmen who clung to the animals' tails. Matf 23rf. Gen. Banks had been lying securely a few days a and about Straiburg, when he was unexpectedly informed uy messengers oi' the Fifth N. Y. Cavalry, that a sudden attaik h^'* oeen made by the great flanker, Stonewall Jackson, upon Col. Kenly's force at FrontRoyal. Companies B and D had been sent to Col. Kenly during the afternoon arriving just as the Rebels began to pour down the valley and the hills upon this devoted garrison. The cavalry was VI ^tfitfA"-': >';-!»a \ J6k*' Historic Records. m- mi^ m-. iminediataly ordered to charge the enemy. Qu'ckly obeying the order, a splendid charge iras made with great force. Had bravery been sufficient to win, the Ira Harris Quard would have again succeeded, but, greatly outnumbered, flanked and almost surrounded, with a large number killed. wounded and captured, the remnant was driven back upon our main force which was now retreating at a rapid rate. In this charge fell the young and brave Lieutenant Dwyer, Co. B, mortally wounded. Capt. A. H. White, Co. D (after- ward Colouel), and Adjutant Griffin, while gallantly leading their men, fell into the enemy's hands. Gen. Banks, in his report to the war department, says: " Information was received on the evening of Blay 28d, that the enemy in very large force had descended on the guard at Front Royal, Col. Kenly, First Md. Regiment, commanding, burning bridges and driving our troops through Strasburg, vtritb great loss. Owing to what was deemed an extravagant statement of the enemy's strength, these reportii were received with some distrust; but a regiment of infantry, with a strong detachment of cavalry and a section of artillery, were imme- diately sent to reenforce Col. Kenly." Meanwhile preparations were made to fall back to Win- chester aa rapidly aa possible. Col. De Forest with six companies of the regiment and Col. Tompkins with an equal number of his regiment — the First Vermont, with a detach- ment of Zouaves d'Afriqne (Gen. Banks' body guard), and a section of Hampton's battery, were ordered to cover the rear and to destroy stores not provided with transportation at Strasburg. But before this oonld be accomplished the enemy had pushed a force between our main army and this rear guard. Swift and desperate charges were made, but f. Qj-'ckly obeying e with great force. I Ira Harris Guard eatly ontnumbered, arge number killed. s driven back upon ng at a rapid rate. ) Lieutenant Dwyer, White, Co. D (after- lile gallantly leading ir depftrtatat, aajn: ing of May 28d, that cended on the guard riment, commanding, through Straaburg, smed an extravagant reports were received fantry, with a strong irtillery, were imme> 1 fall back to Win- De Forest with six fipkins with an equal ■mont, with a detach- es' body guard), and ffdered to cover the with transportation be accomplished the main army and this ;e8 were made, but ■&.ia!.^i&W^ I' ^^^/>N^^/-5^^^;x^: / i «:ii!*«j._?#*j;2'f-(i, ,V,t'»'iuvjiK"j« ^f^i^av^-iiJi^-^f^Stitf^^^iTHti^^^'^ (,■.* Fifth New York Cavalry. 81 a junction could not be cffooted and our men wore threatened with annihilation. Middlotown and Newtown CrosH Roads were the scenea of fearful encounters, but the noble band was beaten back every time. At length, breaking away from the enemy, this guard took to the fields toward the Little North Mountains, hoping, by a circuitous route around the enemy's flank, to be able to join Gen. Banks at Winches- ter, where Col. Tompkins with some artillery joined him next day. Col. De Forest, encumbered with a train, was not 80 fortunate, but was compelled to pass over the rugged mountain roads for several days, reaching our army at last by way of Cherry Run and Clear Spring, and bringing in with him a train of 82 wagons and many stragglers. Gen. Banks, after a hasty and disastrous retreat, fell back into Maryland at Williarosport and Falling Waters. Belle Boyd, the noted Rebel female spy, was undoubtedly instrumental in causing our defeat. It was afterwards ascertained that she was the bearer of an extensive correspondence between Rebels outside and inside our lines. The following letter from one of our brave boys, will show how Gen. Banks saved bis army from utter destruc- tion at Strasburg : WiLLiAMBPORT, Md., May 26, 1862. Dear Father and Motlter : You have probably heard by this time of the three days' fighting from Strasburg and Front Royal to Martinsburg. Our company and com- pany B were ordered to Front Royal in the mountains, twelve miles from Strasburg, last Friday, and when we got within two miles of our destination we heard cannonading. The majori ordered the baggage to stop, and our two oom- ' Mai. P. G. Vought, oommanding Detachment. sesj^siiiss ] 82 Historic Records. 1 if puniea danhod on, and found soveral companies of our infantry and two pieces of artillery engaged with Hevcral thousands of the enouiy. Just as we arrived on the field, Col. Kenly, who had command of our Torces, rodo up to uie, and ordered me to take one man and the two best horMes in our company, and ride for dear life to Gen. Banks' head- quarters in Htrasburg for reenforeement. The direct road to Strasburg was occupied by the enemy, so I was obliged to ride around by another, seventeen miles. I rode the seven- teen miles in tiily-five minutes. Gen. Banks did not seem to think it very serious, bat ordered one regiment of infantry and two pieces of artillery off. I asked Gen. Banks for a fresh horse to rejoin my company, and ho gave me the best horse that I ever rodo, and I started back. I came out on the Front Royal turnpike, about two miles this side of where I left our men. Saw two men standing in the road, and their horses standing by the fence. 1 supposed they were our pioketij. They did not halt me, so I leked them if they were pickets. They said no. Says I, " who are you ?" " We are part of Gen. Jackson's staff." I supposed they were only joking. I laughed, and asked them where Jackson was. They said 'he was in the advance. 1 left them and rode toward Front Royal, till I overtook a soldier, and asked him what regiment he belonged- to. He said he belonged to the Eighth Louisiana. I asked how large a force they had, and the reply waa " twenty thousand." 1 turned back and drew my revolver, expecting either a desperate fight or a southern jail; but the ofiBcers in the road did not stop me, and I was lucky enough not to meet any of their pickets. But if it was not a narrow escape, then I don't know what is. When ■ i^ lib I 'ZM» .vt<«^Wiisjrt;i.i<4^fis^ai>&UF-«^iVi — ""^ •iiiiipnnies of our iiKfid with Hovcral ived on the field, ea, rodo up to me, two best horses in jlen. BankH' heiul- The direct road to 3 I was obliged to I rode the seven- tanks did not seem sginientof infuntry Gen. Banks for a 3 gave mo the best ck. I oanie out on miles this side of audiug in the road, I supposed they ;hem if they were eyou?" "We ore led they were only here Jackson was. eft them and rode iier, and asked him he belonged to the "orce they had, and rned back and drew fight or a southern stop me, and I was pickets. But if it 3W what is. When Fifth New York Cavaley. 88 I (;ot out of the enemy's lines, I rode as fast as the horse could carry me to Ocn. Banks, and reported what I had Hcuu and heard. Ho said I had saved the army. In less than an hour the whole army was in motion toward Winchester. After I left Front Royal to take the (lispatch to Strasburg, our two companies of cavalry, who were covering the retreat of infantry and baggage, were attacked on three sides by about three thousand of the enemy's cavalry. Our boys fought like devils, till nearly half of them were killed or wounded, and then retreated to Winchester. Capt. White, William Watson, Ileury Appleby, and nine or ten men of my company are killed or taken. William Marshall is all right, except a slight sabre cut in the shoulder. Wo had a fight at Winchester, got licked and retreat- ed. Our company hud company E were ordered to cover the parrot gun batl/Ory, and bring up the roar. We rode all the way from Winchester to Martiusburg, with caun^/u shot and shell flying around us faster than it did at Bull Kun. Ww-.i.£»W-«&V'^.C'-^?i'' ^:life''a4fe-^^i^:i:;r«s^l^il^ kK^JN-. f% 34 Historic Kecoeds: Strasburg and Winchester. The army waa conoiderably demo- ralized. Discouraged with their defeats raauy of the boya took advantage of their sojourn in Maryland to take French furloughs, though some of them afterward returned to their commands. iWi i 'l' .^s;i-;#«ffi*S*>*.--*^ ,,si;.liS».ai^':"»«'«£i«^SS^^ w^am coDoiderabiydemo- Iraauy of the boys laryland to take ftorward returned CHAPTER m. Kebel Army Cri/ssing South of Blue Ridge. — Successful Adyance on Martinoburg. — Services and Sutferingg of tlie Ctvalry. — Cavalry Battle of Orange Court House. — Fifth New York Boys. — Terrible Dealers in Hardware. — Reoonnoissanoe to Louisa Court House. — Qen. Stuart's Adjutant General and Important Dispatches from Gen. Lee Captured. — Reoonnoissanoe through Snicker's Gap and to Berryville. — Capture of a Rebel Camp, one Stand of Culors and much Spoil. — Charge on a Sutler's Shanty. — Sword Presented to Gen. J. P. Hatch. — Inieresting Correspondence.^ May 31«( to Decembtr 9\»t, 1862. With the valley cleared of the Yankee army, the Bebels began to throw their forces across the Blue Kidge to attack our main force in front of Washington, leaving only a strong picket line at the foot of the valley, opposed to our army in Maryland. It soon became necessary to advance across the river, and ascertain what was in our front. The regiment, which had been divided in the retreat, now advanced from Harper's Ferry and from Williamsport. The former column met the enemy at Gharlestown, and (IroTe him; and the latter advanced on Martinsburg, drove the pickets through the town and cantured several prisoners, a wagon, musketa, ammunition and an American flag. They also recaptured several of our officers and men lost at l*Vont Royul, among them Adjutant Griffin. Several engines and cars were also captured from the enemy, who tJ,»itj.'vS*{.i -.ifafi^^i^SS^*' ' \ m-^-- f'^mr 86 Historic Records. appearea to have been taken wholly by surprise. This encouraging advance took place the last day of May. On the fourth of June the regiment advanced to Winchester, where ita fragmenta were reunited. However, companies B and D, which had distinguished themselves at Front Royal, were detached from the regiment, to serve on a bat- tery. (See register of companies). Not much was accom- plished during the month. On the '•'xieenth the regiment received pay, marched to Midd. ♦'^\T the twenty-seventh and to Front Royal the thirtieth. This march was continued to Flint Hill, the fifth of July, and on the sixth, at Sperryville, a squad of Rebel cavalry was encountered and a fight ensued, our boys scattering the enemy. The regiment was here joined by Major Gardner, who had been detached with Companies C, ¥, G, and L, on the 19th of June. July %th. The regiment marched to Gaines' Cross Roads, advancing on Culpepper Court House on the twelfth, where it had a skirmish with the enemy, drove them through the town and captured fifteen prisoners. The sixteenth the boys enjoyed an all-day march through an all-day rain, to Rapidan Ford. The next day they marched into Orange Court House, expel' ^rter a short skirmish, the enemy that was in town, t^ ., the first Union troops that had ever visited this /)la. le^ were objects of excited obser- vation. But to the iuti " satisfaction of the people, they left on the eighteenth, auu returned to Rapidan Ford. While on picket at Barnctt's Ford, a large portion of Company A was captured. This was a season of great suffering among our men and horses for want of rations and forage, especially the former. mtm*^ii^iMX^£^'^S^^'" iH Fifth New York Cavalry. 87 )y surprise. This day of May. On sed to Winchester, owever, companies emselves at Front to serve on a bat- t, much was accom- d pay, marched to to Front Royal the to Flint Hill, the yville, a squad of it ensued, our boys 'as here joined by with Companies C, aines' Cross Eoads, 1 the twelfth, where 3 them through the The sixteenth the an all-day rain, to arched into Orange :irmish, the enemy ion troops that had M of excited obser- )f the people, they to Kapidan J"ord. a large portion of imong our men and peeially the former. IJeing iilnioRt constantly on the move, and most of the time on the extreme out-posts, it was not possible to bring them supplies. Of the cavalry in general, one correspondent makes this remark : — " They picket our outposts, scout the whole country for information, open our fights, cover our retreats, or clear up and finish our victories, as the case iiiiiy bo. In short, they are never idle, and rarely find rest lor either men or horses." And he might have added, "are often sadly in want." During the remainder of July uo force of the enemy was encountered, but the regiment was almost constantly on the march, having passed and bivouacked by the following places: — Sperryville, Wood- ,ille, Culpepper Court House, James City, Wolftown, and into the Luray Valley, by way of Swift Run Grap, to Luray, Woodville again, and back to Culpepper Court House near which they bivouacked until the 1st of August. On this day tbey marched to Raccoon Ford. At this place was concen- trated quite a force of cavalry, under Gen. Crawford, pre- paratory to an important movement. During the month Gen. Hatch was removed from the command of the cavalry in this department. Gen. John Buford succeeded him. August 2d. Gen. Crawford with the Ist Vermont, 1st Michigan and the 5th New York advanced at an early hour to reconnoitre the force and position of the enemy about Orange Court House. Scarcely a Rebel appeared until the col- Tiinn approached the town. Without opposition the advance entered the town, whose streets they found deserted, while u stillness like that of death seemed to reign all around. lUit suddenly volley after volley broke the stillness, and proclniniod the presence of a heavy force of the enemy. On reaching the suburbs of the town, a strong flanking party, ^H •mi^miSs&M^I^^ 1 ^i«.V ' .-n.^fe'.e-^*- ^-V^Pj—/'' ■--^#5 38 Historic Rkcorus. consisting of Cos. G and H, under command of Capt. Hammond, was ordered around to the left toward the Gor- donsville road, whither they dashed off with spirit, under their gallant leader. The main column encountered a b^avj charge of the enemy in the street, which, at first, drove our fellows back a littie. Rallying from the first shock, they now dashed back upon the enemy^ and a fierce conflict from pistols and car- bines followed. Shots flew in every direction, killing horses and men alike. The fight waa furious in the narrow streeta ; and just as the enemy's column began to waver, Capt. Hammond, who had fought the enemy at the depot, and was now partially surrounded, with drawn sabres charged upon the rebels in his front, crying as he flew forward, " give them your hardware, boys 1" And they did the work most heroically. Tremendous were the blows they dealt, and the street was strewn with unhorsed men whose heads dis- ^ played fearful gashes from the Yankee sabres. Lieutenant . Penfield, Co. H, with a thorough knowledge of sabre exer- cise, with a long, strong arm, and a courageous heart, did terrible exocution in this fray. The enemy could not stand these " hardware " dealers, and fit J in the utmost confusion, leaving their dead and badly wounded in our hands. The great number of these only showed how determined and gallant had been our attack. Fifty prisoners were cap- tured, including a major, a captain, and two lieutenants. During this fight. Col. De Forest had a very narrow escape with his life, and wa3 indebted for his preservation to bugler Bohrer, of Co. I.l > See Register of Co. I. Sito*-jv^.-„;iJi>'.c<.i'3^iH^^f-^s^*--^-?'i* '^'*-' s,i/s^^im'»-£^i^is0^.i^^^^-is^^^^'*'^^^'^^^^^^'^^' •Ky^-orimasgssi:-.^ Fifth Nbw York Cavalry. 39 imand of Capt. toward the Gor- [ith spirit, under 'y charge of the nr fellows back a now dashed back pistols and car- on, killing horses le narrow streets ; to waver, Capt. he depot, and was >res charged upon ¥ forward, " give lid the work most 1 they dealt, and whose heads dis- tbres. Lieutenant , dge of sabre exer- ■ageous heart, did enemy could not :J in the utmost nded in our hands. how determined irisoners were cap- 70 lieutenants. ery narrow escape lervation to bugler This engagement clearly proved our superiority over the enemy's cavalry, which, in this instance, consisted of their best Virginia regiments lately under Col. Ashby. Heavy reinforcements having been received by the enemy, and our work having been accomplished, our cavalry fell back to the Rapidan, where the Rebels ceased pursuing. Here were rested our victorious squadrons. On the 4th the regiment marched to Culpepper a'jd to Madison Court House on the 5th, bivouacking near the town. From Wolftown to Stannards on the 7th we formed a line of pickets; and on the 9th was fought the memorable battle of Cedar or Slaughter Mountain. Only a few of the regiment were engaged in this battle, one of those being killed. A slight skirmish was fought with the enemy on the 10th as they fell back toward Gordonsville. Avgmt Wth. The regiment marched to Culpepper Court House and found the town full of our wounded from the battle of the 9th. AiigrMt \2th. On a reconnoissance to Barnett's Ford on the Rapidan and back to Culpepper. Paid ofif on the 15th and marched to Mitchell's Station on the 16th, preparatory to a Bwifl move on the enemy's lines. August nth. Detachments of the Fifth New York and First Michigan, Col. Broadhead commanding, marched out early on a bold reconnoissance to Louisa Court House, where they captured Gen. Stuart's Adjutant General and several ycjTf important dispatches. Gen. Pope in his report speaks or this affair as follows: " The Cavalry expedition sent out on the 16th in the direc- tion of Louisa Court House, captured the Adjutant General of Gen. Stuart, and was very near capturing that officer m sa&'s*&»(fe'^K^feS&'' 40 Historic Records. himself. ^ Among the papers taken was an autograph letter of Gen. Kobert E. Lee to Gen. Stuart, dated Gordons- ville, August 15th, which made manifest to me the disposi- tion and force of the enemy and their determination to overwbe'm the army under my command before it could be recnforced by any portion of the army of the Potomac." Having spent a night in chasing through the confederate lines, our men returned to their own side of the Rapidan. Gen. Pope's army was falling back across the Rappahannock, and the regiment marched to Barnett's Ford on that river, and held the crossing. Auffust 20/A. The regiment advanced to Kelly's Ford, and took part in a general engagement. They were ordered to support :' battery, which vaa exposed to a fearful fire. The colonel encouraged his men by a short address, and they did their work well. On the 22d we marched to Fayetteville, continued the march to Warrenton the next day, and on the 24th partici- pated in a severe engagement at Wat«rloo Bridge. Our men suffered from the Rebel batteries which were brought to bear upon them. During the fight a shell took effect iu our ranks killing instantly three horses belonging to the three officers of Go. I but fortunately only a few men were hurt. On the 27th Cos. I, K, & L, were detached as orderlies and escort of Gen. Heintzelman; the balance of the regiment was made escort of Gen. Pope. On the 28th Gompai^y M was detailed escort of Gen. Banks, and the main body of the regiment marched to Bull Run Bridge and camped. > His belt wati captured. '^*iiSI;:lsi-,-'4^';'^KHl\*'*#'-.'-'*^"-"'!£'''-"'i'^"^ i*l*ii*S<«&^»iS«iiS(U.;»'!«5Sr«.«»« Fifth New York Cavalry. 41 18 an autograph , dated Gordons- » me the disposi- determination to tefore it could be he Potomao." h the confederate of the Rapidan. le Rappahannock, ord on that river, to Kelly's Ford, rhey were ordered d to a fearful fire. address, and thoy [lie, continued the n the 24th partici- rloo Bridge. Our hich were brought shell took effect iu } belonging to the ly a few men were ;ached as orderlies loe of the regiment 28th Company M e main body of the id camped. Augutt 29th. To-day commenced what has generally 'jeen known as the second Battle of Bull Run, better named Groveton. The Rebels were in overwhelming force, driving Gen. Pope before them. Our lines fell back, and on the 80th the conflict was renewed on the field of the first Bull Run. The field though hotly contested, was again won by the enemy, and though not panic-stricken we were compelled to retreat. Gradually on the 31st our forces fell back toward Washington. September l$t. Generals Kearney and Stevens distin- guished themselves on the bloody field of Chantilly, and both lost their lives. The regiment reached Fairfax Court House. The retreat was continued and the regiment cajnped at the Arlington House on the 5th. !rhe Rebel army now moved into Maryland, and on the 17th and 19th was fought the memorable battle of Antietam. October Sth. Lt. Col. Johnstone with one hundred and ten men went out with the brigade on a reoonnoissance to the Rappahannock, returning, without meeting the enemy, on the 11th. October Ibth. Another expedition went ouv under Maj. Hammond, marching the firat day to Chantilly, then on to Aldie, White Plains, and back to Centreville on thvi 19th. During this expedition skirmishes were fought at Leesburg, Upperville and Thoroughfare Gap, ending with a running fight from Haymarket to Warrenton whither we drove the rcbols. On the 20th the regiment was ordered on picket at Chan- tilly, where it continued patrolling and picketing the country until the twenty-eighth, when it went to Centre- ville, and next dav to Manassas Junction and back to Chantilly. V H'\ ir I? •iMami:ms^'W^' -0M--' 42 Historic IIecouds. October SOlh. We patrolled to Pleasant Valley, and closed the month by picketing by detachments at Pollock's Church, Anandale and Centreville. This work wag very dull, and yet very wearing. The weather was becoming cold and unpleasant, and picketing and scouting were not very desirable. However, the month of November was wholly devoted to this work, so that there was scarcely a day of rest. The journal of movements runs as follows : on the first to Centreville ; second to Bull Run battle field and picket; third to Gainesville; fourth to Buckland Mills; fifth to New Baltimore and have a fight; sixth to Buckland Mills; leventh to Gainesville; eighth through Hopewell Gap, after a skirmish; ninth to Aldie and Middleburg; tenth to Hopewell Gap; eleventh through Thoroughfare Gap with a fight, and to Aldie; twelfth to Middleburg on patrol; thirteenth to Hopewell Gap; fourteenth to Aldie, where we rested on the fifteenth. Such was the cavalry service in those days. On the sixteenth we had a skirmish at Upporville, and returned to Hopewell Gap next day, and on to Chantilly the eighteenth. Here we met with a little rest, the monotony of which was broken by an expedition to the Blue Ridge and into the Shenandoah Valley and back. This expedition, in command of Gen. Stahel, commenced its march November 29th. The men of the Fifth New York Cavalry were commanded by Capt. Krom, Company G. In Snicker's Gap a Rebel picket was captured. On arriving at the Shenandoah river at Snicker's Ferry the Rebels annoyed our men and prevented rapid crossing, by firing from the houses beyond the river. Capt. Krom, with his men, dashed across the river, though the water was deep and the current swift. On reaching the bank the Rebels were :" ^?if.'iK^fe*^-^:!i*S':-'i**' iim--::m^'->-^-i^^^i^^'^'i^'^'^^^^^^^'^^'''^'^^' isant Valley, and ments at Pollock's tig work wag verj :,her was becoming scouting were not of November was lere was scarcely a runs as follows : on lun battle field and lokland MilU; fifth sixth to Buckland through Hopewell I and Middleburg; »ugh Thoroughfare to Middleburg on urteenth to Aldie, jh was the cavalry we had a skirmiRh Gap next day, and ne met with a little by an expedition to h Valley and back, ahel, commenced its he Fifth New York m, Company G. In red. On arriving at the Rebels annoyed , by firing from the )m, with his men, er was deep and the k the Rebels were Fifth New York Cavalry. 48 furiously charged and driven. Our men pursued them at the utmost speed of their horses for about three miles, when they came upon the Rebel camps, which the enemy attempted to defend. Their effort failed. Our men being reenforoed, the enemy was beaten and fled, leaving in our hands one captain, two lieutenanto, thirty-two men, one stand of colors and several wagons, one of them filled with tents, and others with provisions. Several ambulances also were taken laden with articles which had been taken by White's men, in a recent raid into Poolsville, M..-yland. Sixty horses and fifty head of cattle were also captured in this gallant charge. The expedition returned on the 80th through Leesburg, Goose Creek, Broad Run to Chantilly. December 1«<. To our old duty again on picket until the 4th, near Chantilly. On the 10th we picketed at Centre- ville, and did the same duty on the Bull Run battle field, on the 12th. Marched to Chantilly the 13th and picketed till the 28th. Being relieved from this duty, we were immediately sent on a scout to Union Mills and Fairfax Station, spending the night at Fairview. December 29lh. Stuart's raiders came through our lines and passed near our camp on their return. The regiment wa.s sent in pursuit. We followed them about six miles, but found their force too strong for us to attack. On the 30th we returned to Chantilly on picket, and ended the year by falling back to Fairfax Court House, where the boys, actuated by mischief and with a desire of having something with which to celebrate the coming New Year, made a charge upon a sutler's shanty, which resulted in the capture of much spoil and in a general victory. The following correspondence will explain itself : ■^^i^imss 44 Historic Records. 2i> Catalrt Bbioadi, 8d Army Corpi^ 1 Near Fort Scott, Va., Dersmbor 8d, 1862. > To Brig. Oen. John P. Hatch : General : The accompanying sabre is presented to you by the officers of the First Vermont and Fifth New York Cav- alry. We have served under you while you commanded the Cavalry in Virginia — a period of active operations and military enterprise — during which your courage and judg- ment inspired us with confidence, while your zeal and integrity have left us an example easier to be admired than imitated. We, who have passed with you beyond the Rapidan, and through Swift Run Gap, are best able to recognize your qualities as a commander. Accept, therefore. General, this testimonial of esteem, offered long after we were removed from your command, — when the external glitter of an ordinary man ceases to affect the mind, but when real worth begins to be appreciated. On behalf of the Officers of the Fifth New York. Robert Johnstone, Lt. Col. 5th New York Cavalry. Otweffo, N. r. Deo. 16th, 1862. To the Officers of the Fifth New York and First Vermont Regiments of Cavalry : Gentlemen : A very beautiful sabre, your present to my- self, has been received. I shall wear it with pride, and will never draw it but in an honorable cause. The very kind letter accompanying the sabre has caused emotions of the deepest nature. The assurance it gives of the confidence you feel in myself, and your approval of »-A~S*-.'*&'!'S-'%'«" rtirif*3a^s*feiS»at*«*Sa*'*^*^S'5**^^ i. Fifth New York Cavalry. 46 )■, 8d Army Corpi^ 1 Dersmber 8d, 1862. > presented to you by ifth New York Cav- ^oa commanded the tive operatiunB and ir courage and judg- 'hile your zeal and r to be admired than nd the Rapidan, and lo to recognize your itimonial of esteem, im your command, — ' man ceases to affect a be appreciated. 1 New York. ' Johnstone, Jew York Cavalry. r. Deo. 16th, 1862. k and First Vermont my course when in command of Banks' Cavalry, is particu- larly gratifying. You, actors with myself in those stirring Bconcs, are competent judges as to the propriety of my course, when it unfortunately did not meet with the approval of my superior; and your testimony, so handsomely expressed, artcr time has allowed opportunity for reflection, more than compensates for the mortification of that moment. I have watched with pride the movements of your regi- ments, since my separation from you. When a telegram has announced that " in a Cavalry fight, the edge of the sabre was successfully used, and the enemy routed," the further announcement that the Fifth New York and First Vermont were engaged, was unnecessary. Accept my kindest wishes for your ftiture success, — sharp sabres and a trust in Providence, will enable you to secure it in the field. Very truly, my friends, Your obedient Servant John P. Hatch, Brigadier General. your present to my- 1; with pride, and will le. the sabre has caused e assurance it gives nd your approval of ai»" cnAPTER rv. Mosby, the OiierriUs — His men Picketing Against him at Chan- tilly. — Building Winter Quarters at Qerraantown. — Descrip- tion. — MoBby at Fairfax Court House. — Fight at Chantilly.— At Warrenton Junction. — Cougralulatory Order of Command- ing General. — Fight at Greenwich. — Capture of a Howitser. — Gallant Conduct of Lieut. Barker. — Jan. lit to June lith, 1868. The campaign of 1862 had ended, and the two great armies had constructed their winter quarters facing each other, al' be line of the Rappahannock, the Rebels occupying tl '\ bank above and below the heights of Fredericks- burg, and the Federals stretching .(heir camps for man; miles on the northern shore above and below Falmouth. Between this line and that uf the defenses of Washington lies a vast territory, which abounds in creeks, marshes, deep, sombre forests, with only here and there a village or settle- ment. A little to the west runs the chain of the Bull Run Mountains, with their ravines and caverns. This is a very fit hiding place for guerrillas and bushwhackers, who, in con-, siderable numbers, infest the country, and commit their depredations on our lines. These guerrillas consist mostly of farmers and mechanics, residents of this region of country, who are exempt from the Rebel conscription. They gene- rally follow their usual avocation during the day, and congre- gate at certain localities at night ready for any work proposed Ml -V- '■..i/>-.r-s^-'' :; v,^ f« t.***,-. f.<^:tA.in-- ,>>a:.i*s3:Sa.:.^A«W»v.-.^«a:«.iaJi8K-»?*i6S^^ 40l\ J. ing Against him at Chan- SerinantowD. — Desorip- — Fight at Chantilljr.— ry Order of Command- apture of a Howitier. — . Ui to JuM lith, 1868. id the two great armies rs facing each other, the Rebels occupying beights of Fredericks- heir camps for manj alid below Falmouth. efcDses of Washington creeks, marshes, deep, ere a village or settle- shain of the Bull Run 'ems. This is a very whackers, who, in con-- ry, and commit their lerrillas consist mostly this region of country, loription. They gene- ng the day, and congre- for any work proposed Fifth New York Cavalry. 47 by their leader, though each is often found to act quite inde|H!udently of the rest. Their commander-in-chief is John S. Moeby, who, aa a Rebel soldier who had known him from childhood up informed the writer, had always been a sort of guerrilla — deserting from his homo in mere boyhood — fighting duels as a pastime — rowing the country far and wide in search of pleasure or profit — andfiudingnow hischicf delight in the adventures of guerrilla life. Under such ifuJorship this guerrilla force has become very formidable, mid a strong picket line was necessary at some distance from the defenses of Washington. January 1»<, 1868. The regiment celebrated this anni- versary by marching from Fairfax Court House to Chantilly, and was there posted .u picket, to guard against the incur- sions of M' y and his gang. The peculiar nature of the force opposed to us requires special pains in the picketing. The main reserve, established from one to two miles from the line of videttes, is so situated as to be within easy striking distance of each picket relief — at least when this can be done — so as to render speedy assistance in case of an attack on any portion of the line. The boys will not soon forget the dreary, dangerous hours they spent along this picket line. In fancy they will see themselves shivering around a miserable fire among the plies, compelled often to sit or lie down in mow or mud. In this plight they hear the summons to be ready to stand post. Mounted upon their shivering horses, the poor fel- lows with nothing cheering but their courage, go out to sit in the saddle for two hours, facing the biting wind, and peering through the storm of sleet, snow or rain, which pelts them in the face mercilessly. Happy if the guerrilla does ■ir i w I 4iS-j«?,«»! fe.^|teS^iii&->fe|*«S^^**^;i«*'^*siB'«^9'fe*-'''' ai 48 Historic Records. iWI IS! not creep through bushes impenetrable to the sight, to in- flict his cruel blows. The two hours expired, relief come? and the vidette returns to spend his four, six, or eight hours off duty as best he may. January bth. At a post called Frying Pan, the pickets were attacked by guerrillas, and quite a number of men were captured. The nature of the country is such as to afford the enemy the greatest possible advantage. Deep ravines, skirted by massive foliage summer and winter, give him shelter, while his knowledge of every road and foot- path gives him a fine opportunity to escape with his booty in case of pursuit. January Qth. Several men were captured and one wounded on picket near Cub Run. The guerrillas are very active. The utmost vigilance on our part cannot secure us perfectly from their depredations. The only way to rid ourselves of this plague would be to scour the entire country with a large force, arrest every male inhabitant able to carry a musket, and burn to the ground every building, including housf- where these bushwhackers reside or find refuge. To so stern a punishment, falling upon innocent and guilty with like terror, the government is not willing to resort. If the war is to continue long this would prove to be true policy, saving the lives of many of our brave boys. January 10th. From the Chaotilly mansion, owned by one of the Stuarte, the regiment moved to Germantown, pitching camp on a pine-covered knoll. The streets are laid out quite regularly by companies, a space averaging about 25 or 30 feet being occupied by each company. Tho men construct ptockades of logs about 3 feet high, on which they place their tents, called A tents, on account of resem- j^..^^; _:_^ .^.-.j^ i*,^^,ii^_^j... ^j^^- .,^^ -^.-^'i.';iS':..^d^-4ii^'^:M3!h^'t^^- ihiS^M to the sight, to in- cpired, relief come? four, six, or eight g Pan, the picketa a number of men tntry is such as to advantage. Deep ler and winter, give very road and foot- eape with his booty ed and one wounded las are very active. secure us perfectly ■ to rid ourselves of ire country with a ant able to carry a building, including I or find refuge. To nnocent and guilty t willing to resort, lid prove to be true brave boys, mansion, owned by ed to Germantown, 1. The streets are , a space averaging ach company. Tho feet high, on which □ account of reseni- m. Fifth New York Cavalry. 49 blauce to that letter. Chimneys are made of stone, or of bricks found in the remains of destroyed houdes in the neighborhood, and sometinaes of sticks of wood carefully laid in mud, which is by no means very inferior mortar. With this material the crevices of the stockades are also vfell plastered, making the soldier's cabin quito tight and \sarm, if he is not too idle to supply himself amply with i'uel. In front of the tents is a street which has to bo corduroyed or it will become impassable for mud, and just across the street are the stables for *he horses. These are u.sually covered with a thick thatchirg of pine boughs, which atiord a tolerable shelter for the cavalryman's crusty friend January 11th. The regiment went on a scouting party to Brentaville, and returned by way of Bristoe Station and Manassas Junction. January 12lh. A false alarm aroused the entire camp, which consists of a brigade of cavalry, composed of the First Virginia (Union), Eighteenth Pennsylvania aud Fifth New York regiments of cvalry. January l%th. Another false alarm disturbed our usual rest; and before quieting down again we were sent on picket, to remain about five days. We were relieved on the 17th. January llth. Sergt. Maj. Oall and 1st Sergt. Bryant, Company G, went to Buckland Mills with a flafc of truce. January 20th. Companies E and Or went on picket at Frying Pan, dismounted, that they might be the better prepared for guerillas should they appear. January 94th. The same companies were ordered out on a scouting party to Ilerndon Station, and captured a m m m.;-»Jf^^^m .,4l^j^^i0^Z%f^jfili^S4i-^%i-*-*^^ -^ ■*- ^1*^''a^^ -^sb. 50 Hif-TORio Records. sutler's wagon, which was being smuggled iu«) the Rebel lines, and some prisoners. January 2Qth. ^losby made an attack on the 18th Pa. on picket near Chautilly Church, capturing 11. The Fifth N. Y. was sent in pursuit of the guerrillas. Having reached Middleburg, Maj. Hammond, in command, ordered a charge through the town, which was executed handsomely and with entire success, resulting in the capture of 25 prisoners and the scattering of Mosby's men. The entire party, save one man captured, returned safely to camp, after a journey of 84 miles. January 29>^^i^ 62 Historic Records II '• IP * » gang, led by Sergeant J. F. Ames,' formerly of company L, of this regiment, having safely passed by the pickets, entered Fairfax Court House. Without scarcely firing a shot, they captured fifty fine horses and about thirty prisoners, including Brig. Gen. Stoughton, and Capt. Barker, Fifth New York Cavalry. The brigade was sent in pursuit of the dashing party, each regiment taking different routes j but they returned at night unsuccessful, the Fifth New York having gone to Herndon Station. Such a raid, five or six miles within our lines, resulting in such a heavy loss to us, reflects very uncreditably upon some of our military leaders, while it shows how wily a foe we have to contend wi' a. It ia thought that not a few of the inhabitants of the region are more or less engaged in the business of giv- ing Mosby important information, which lays the founda- tion of his success. March \2.th. We sent two hundred men on picket, averaging the number fro-j; the dififerent companies. . March lith. Maj. White with first battalion went out at night as a reserve for the pickets. We are almost constantly on duty. One small brigade of cavalry is doing the duty t^at one division should do. March \bth. We moved our camp a little below Fairfax Court House on a fine elevation, which overlooks the sur- rounding country. Before night snow and hail began to fall, " and a terrible night was experienced. The mercury at 5 p. M. stood at 28° 30'. March 18/A. The regiment went on picket for 24 hours. j.S«tl^. »Ame8, after deserting to Mosbj, was called Big Yankee. He became efficient for the UebcU and was finally killed. ■*! bearing. i transferred to the irhich we were so to the 3d brigade, moissance to Cat- new and beautiful ork, in November, it has been long ad 8d brigades and nbout 6 A. M. on a ed ite way from its I of concentration, rpent, winding its ong the hills, the 3t upon the scene, }lder does not soon es beyond Middle- led, moved out two oined the division, lem. White Plains, e prisoners were mg- aat of Aldie and bivouacked for a few hours. After dark we moved back to our camps at Fairfax Court House, arriving after midnight. The boys made the old hills ring with shouts of delight on returning to their tented homes. May Ut. Col. De Forest, with the 3d brigade, moved to Bristoe Station. The command had two days' rations. Mat/ 2d. The regiment was ordered to reconnoitre as far as Rappahannock Station; and having accomplished ita task, returned to Warrenton Junction. Mai/ Sd. At an early hour the Ist Virginia cavalry, while feeding and watering their horses, were surprised by a force of Rebels, consisting of detachments of the Black Horse Cavalry, Mosby's and other guerrilla forces, with Mosby commanding in person. Our boys, being thus dis- mounted, fled to a house near by, where they fought with terrible earnestness, but to great disadvantage. All eflforts of Mosby to make them surrender were in vain. Finding that he could not intimidate them with bullets, he ordered the torch to be applied, and the house was set on fire. At this critical moment, the Fifth New York, which had bivou- acked in a grove at a short distance from the scene of action, with Maj. Hammond commanding in person, descended Jike an avalanche upon the guerrillas. Mosby was heard to exclaim, " My God ! it is the Fifth New York !" A hand to hand encounter now took place, where Yankee sabres were used with fearful effect, and soon the Rebels broke p j. fled, entirely demoralized and panic-stricken. Gen. Str jcI, in his dispatch to Gen. Heintzelman, says : " The Rebels, who fled in the direction of Warrenton, were pursued by Maj. Hammond, Fifth New York Cavalry, who has returned and reports our charge at Warrenton Junction a» being so terrific I J^SS^f- •- '•fe#.«».*iJ-i.U*s«5*r« Il 56 Historic Recoiids. as to have thoroughly routed and scattered them in every direction. I have sent in 23 prisoners of Mvisby's command, all of whom are wounded — the greater part of them badly. Dick Moran (a notorious bushwhacker) is among the number. There are also three oflScers of Mosby'a. The loss of the enemy was very heavy in killed besides many wounded, who scattered and prevented capture. I have no hopes of the recovery of Maj, Steele,' of the 1st Virginia. Our loss is one killed and fourteen wounded." Tenipleton, a Rebel spy, was killed. In the Richmond Sentinel of May 16th, we find this interesting notice of the fight : — " About the Ist of May, near Warrenton Junction, Mosby, with his company, fell in with the First Virginia regiment, so called, which haa been a long time looking for him. A fight ensued, which resulted in the capture of the whole regiment. As Mosby was making off with his prize, however, the First Vermont^ and Fifth New York beset him and recaptured the Virginia Yankees. Mosby's loss was small, and he wanta to know whether the First Virginia is looking fo. him again." The following Complimentary Order was issued: Head Qrs. Stahel's Cavalry Division, 'X Department of Washington, V Fairfax Court Uotue, May 6, 1863. J Special Obdbbb No. 30. When soldiers perform brave deeds a proper acknowledg- ment of their services is justly their due. The commanding > He was a noble officer and a splendid soldier. His wound proved mortal. His funeral services were attended with military honors, Sunday, May 31 gt, ' The First Veiinont was not engaged. K-*x:-,-.>-£„v-^-.ii%-n-'i6Ti:'piiis>'''i^ifi^ Fifth New Yoek Cavalry. 67 red thorn in every Mvwbj's command, art of them badly, mongthe number. The I088 of the any wounded, who e no hopes of the inia. Our loss is In the Richmond sting notice of the arrenton Junction, the First Virginia ig time looking for the capture of the J off with his prize, 1 New York beset ees. Mosby's loss r the First Virginia 'as issued : VAIBY Division, ) t of Washington, !■ M«, May 6, 1863. J proper acknowledg- The commanding ioldier. His wound ;euded with military general therefore desires to express his gratification at the oonduot of the officers and men of Col. De Forest's oom- maud, who were engaged in the fight at Warrenton Junction, on Sunday, May 8d, 1863. By your promptness and gallantry the gang of guerrillas who have so long infested the vicinity, has been badly beaten and broken up. The heavy loss of the enemy in killed, wounded and prisoners, proves the determination of your resistance and the vigor of your attack. Deeds like this are worthy of emulation and give strength and confidence to the command. By command of Maj. Gen. StaheIi. Henry Baldwin, Jr., Major and A. A. O. This order was followed by another of similar import by Maj. Gen. Heintiolman, commanding the department. May Sth. Gapt. Mo Masters, with six men, was attacked and pursued by a squad df the Black Horse Cavalry, while on his way from the picket lines to Fairfax Court House. One of his men was captured, and another, Sergt. Mur- phy, Company C, was drowned while endeavoring to ford Bull Run. May 11th. \ scouting party of the regiment went to Eappahannock Station. They saw a few Rebels, but had no encounter with them. May 15th. The pickets were driven in by the enemy, with some confusion. Bands of guerrillas like so many ravenous beasts and birds of prey, hover around our lines, attacking wherever an opportunity offers plunder. May Ibth. We were ordered to Kettle Run, a little Ml ^^g^^^i^i^e^te^;j2J8^^ ' 68 Historic Records. south of Bristoe Station, and wo camped along the rail road. May VJih. A scouting party, under Capt. Ilasbrouck, wentto Brentsville, and toward Dumfries, and returned with- out meeting any force of the enemy. May 2bth. While the main portion of the regiment wqb picketing along the rail road a sufficient number of men remained in cump to care for it. To-day the camp vian moved about a half mile north into a piece of woods, with » clean, grassy field just in front. Mat/ 30s&S**iSiw* -■ - =,i>4i&^B«*i^®««fefe««*»sfe'^^ 3. upcd aloDg the rail r Gapt. Ilasbrouck, H, and returned with- of the regiment was iunt number of men o-day the camp wan ioce of woods, with a ght o'clock A. M. the ed by artillery firing, A train laden with fay to the Rappahan- was soon ascertained «ned one of the iron L wire fastened to it, the road, a man had engine was approach- n. A mountain how- which immediately he infantry guard ou ng the whole ground in by fire. But the jhments of the First I in separate routes, enemy. Mosby, who t« so sudden an attack he Fifth, after going f the howitzer, which t of the solid column. Fifth New York Cavalry. 6» Fortunately no one was hurt, except that Lieut. Bouteile, ('umpany A, was suddenly dismounted by the killing of his hurse. The nature of the ground was unfavorable for u cavalry charge. The enemy, however, showed no disposi- tion to fight but fled toward Warronton as rapidly as possible, firing an occasional shot, but without inflicting injury. Eagerly the boys spurred on their chargers, and were soou joined by the Vermonters, who added fresh excitement to the pursuit. The Rebels, finding themselves too closely t'ullowed, and knowing that something desperate must bo done, suddenly turning at the head of a narrow lane, brought their artillery into position and commenced firing. " That gun must bo silenced or captured," cried Lieut. Barker, of Company H, "an J who will volunteer to charge it with me?" About thirty brave men promptly responded, and suiting the action to the words, " charge, boys !" he rushed furiously forward at their head, but rell severely wounded before a murderous discharge of grape and canister, which killed three men and wounded several others. But before the piece could be reloaded the surviving comrades were crossing sabres with the gunners over the gun. The con- flict was a fierce one, but of short duration; the boys in blue retaking the twelve pound howitzer, which had been cap- tured by the Rebels from the lamented Col. Baker at Ball's Bluff. Among the enemy's wounded and captured was a Capt. Haskins, formerly in high rank in the British army, who had run the blockade and espoused the Rebel cause, lie received his death wound as follows : Having wounded Geo. H. Jenkins, private of Company F, he loughly cried out, " Surrender, you damned Yankee." " I will see you damned first," was Jenkins' characteristic reply, at the hi m ill n\ ^■8isS*fe?*-.'> rS'*8. captain'd neok. The pursued aa far as the irmit. In the corre- we find the foUowini; ht gallantly, and the Im to the title of the Vermontera behinJ- 8 the battle of Green- ring that name, small party, encoun- dloburg and captured d to camp at Fairfax raited further orders. CHAPTER V. Oen Lee Inrsdes Maryland and PennBylvania—Breaking Camp «t Fairfax Court House.- Fidelity of the Home.- March OTer Hull Ran Battle Field.— Reorganiiation of the Caynlry Corps — Kilpntriok in Command of the Third Diyision.- Cavalry Battle of llnnover, Pennsylvania.- Battle of Gettysburg, Ihird Day.- Aiiack on Rebel Train in Monterey Pass.- Battle of Hagers- ,„„„_ Battle of Boonsboro'.- Attack ou Rear Guard of Rebel Army at Falling Waters.— The Invaders Expelled from Free Soil. June nth to July Uth, ISeS. The disastrous battle of Chancellorsville bad been fought and Gen. Lee resolved upon a grand invasion of the north- em states. His intention was fairly understood in the early days of June. It now became necesnary to concentrate w> large a force as possible to meet and drive back the invad- ers. Consequently General Stahel's cavalry division was detached from the defenses of Washington, to be incorpo- rated into the great Army of the Potomac. June mh. Orders for breaking up camp were received and the work immediately commenced. Surplus baggage, which always accumulates during winter quarters, was put into parcels and sent to our northern homes, by express, or boxed up to be sent to Alexandria for storage, under the charge of the quartermaster of that post. This done, our t«nts°were soon struck and sent to the rearwith the baggage, and we were left to bivouac as best we could, until the H I Pi! 4 H^'vr..:.-^--'^>:W:5,;y;Wif!^ :£"1rts«' 1 i?^V?°'^«n^fr' "sC'%.'~ u» 4 r it "*'«?*.&< •*."• '"f^ ' " ■..»>- ilia- ■ ■/,-.:i'.'-;*,W'™ 62 Historic Records. •H.t I? li orders to march should he received. To the young soldier this was a new era in military li*";. Wa tec* now is bounded only by the far off horizon, and covered by the canopy of heaven. Rolled up in his woolen blanket or rubier poncho, having sought the shelter of a leafy tr^e (if such a desirab'o spot was accessible), he lies down with a stone, or, perhaps, his saddle for a pillow, while his faithful horse stands as a watchful guardian by his side. It is often the case, that a cavalryman htfsuothing to hitch his ho^se to but his own hand, and though the animal will walk all around him, eating tLo grass U8 far as he can reach, yet it is worthy of note, that an inftance can scarcely be found where the horse has been known tj step upon his master, Jinie 21st. The regiment moved with the division abont noon on the Little Kiver turnpike. Passed through Cen- treville, and over the Bull Run battle field, the aceldama of America. Evidences of the terrible conflict of the past are still visible on every hand. Unexploded shells and pieces, solid shot, broken muskets, and remains of gun- carriages, graves, and bones of unburied heroes, tell their sad stories as we pass. A skull is kicked along by the horses as they move over the muddy way I No one seems to care much about it, for worse sights have so often been seen before. After passing through Gainesville, wo bivouacked near" Buckland Mills. June 22d. The line of march was resumed with the early simlight, passing through New Baltimore, and arriv- ing at the beautiful village of Warrcnton about noon. No force of the enemy was here encountered, as had been expected. Small scouting parties were sent out in various j-jjt^-S*"' BS. To the young soldier !3 ttic* now is bounded 3red by the canopy of iket or rubier poncho, •« (if such & desirable li a stone, or, perhaps, hful horse stands as a 1 often the case, that a se to but his own hand, round him, eating the rorthy of note, that an re the horse has been ith the division abont Passed through Ceo- ;tlp field, the aceldama blc conflict of the past Fnexploded shells and and remains of gun- iried heroes, tell their ) kicked along by the my ! No one seems to have so often been , we bivouacked near" ras resumed with the Baltimore, and arriv- iton about noon. No intered, as had been ere sent out in various Fifth New York Cavalry, 63 directions, arJ the division bivouacked for the afternoon and night in the fields adjacent to tlie town. June 2M. Journeyed back to Ifairfax Court House after making quit« a halt at Gainesville to issue rations, and rest our animals. It was after midnight when we arrived. June 24th. Division moved about 3 p. M. toward Lces- burg, stopping for the night about one mile beyond Draines- ville. June 25th. The march was resumed at an early hour. A little beyond Broad Run the column turned to the right, striking the Potomac a little below Edward's Ferry, where we forded. On reaching the Maryland shore, the 3d brig- ade with a section of the 9th Michigan battery and one brigade of infantry, was stnt to Poolsville, and thence by MoDocacy Ford to Licksville, where we bivouacked. June 2Gth. This force moved on to Adamstown, Jefferson, Birkinsville, through Cramj^/con's Gap, where the infantry and artillery remained, though the cavalry ipoved on near Rhorersville, where we spent the night. June 27th. The brigade moved at 4 P. M. to Birkinsville, Middletown, Frederick City, and three miles and a half north on the Emmettaburgh road, where we bivouacked with the remainder of the division, at daybreak. June 2Sth. Gen. Pleasanton reviewed the division, and reorganized the entire force. We are now the Third Division of the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, with il>e gallant Kilpatrick in command. The first brigade consists of the Ist Vermont, Ist Virginia, 18th Pennsylva- nia and 5th New York, Brig. Gen. Farnsworth command- ing. Brig. Gen. Custer commands the 2d brigade, com- posed of Michigan regimenta. 6 .&"te«*^ ^•,,^^J^,(; JiS(i!j,» v>i-,.„ !■' ■ • 64 HisTOKic Records. .''IF' \ Gen. Buford commands the first division and Gei,. Gregg the second division; the whole force forming the most eflBcient cavalry corps ever organized on this continent. To-day Gen. Meade superseded Gen. Hooker in the com- mand of the Army of the Potomac. June 29th. At 10 A. M., with its new commander, the division moved to Pennsylvania, passing through Walkers- vi'.le, Woodsboro', Ladiesville, Mechanicsville, Taneytown, and finally Littlestown, Pa., where we were received with the greatest demonstrations of joy by the people. A large group of children, on the balcony of a hotel, waving hand- kerchiefs and flags, greeted us with patriotic songs, while the men made the welkin ring with their cheers. How different was such reception from that we had been accus- tomed to have given us by the inhabitants of Virginia, villages ! June 30th. The column moved early to Hanover, whore wo were again enthusiastically received by the citizeni^, wiio furnished refreshments liberally to the troopers, as each regi- ment entered and passed through the town. This enjoyable state of things continued until about 10 o'clock ; and while the Fifth was receiving the attentions of the people, the sudden report of a cannon was heard from one of the neigh- boring hills. At first this was taken as a friendly salute for our troops, but the deception was soon removed by a. fierce charge of Rebel cavalry under immodiate command of Gen. Stuart, upon the unsuspecting coiui m in the street, sending terror to the people, especially to the dies and chil- dren, who were paying their compliments to thir defenders. With his accustomed coolness and bravery, Ma, Hammond, in command of the regiment, quickly withdrew from the h.;S«.*te5& - ~"v<-»4 ,tT. '&'*•* '.»', *--*-.'!,<.,■! l'' ision and Gei,. Gregg forming the most on this continent. Hooker in the corn- new commander, the ng through Walkers- aicsville, Taneytown, 3 were received with the people. A large I hotel, waving hand- patriotic songs, while i their cheers. How t we had been accug. ibitants of Virginia . y to Hanover, where 1 by the citizeniS, who troopers, as each ragi- own. This enjoyable 10 o'clock ; and while as of the people, the rom one of the neigh- 1 as a friendly salute 5 soon removed by a mediate command of coiui 1 in the street, to the jies and chil- ita toth. ir defenders, ery, Maj Hammond, withdrew from the Fifth New York Cavalrt. 65 street to the open field near the rail road depot, ordered the boj8 into line and led the charge upon the Pebels, who then possessed the town. The charging columns met on Frederick street, where a hand to hand conflict ensued. For a few momenta the enemy made heroic resistance, but linally bro'-.e and fled, closely pursued by our men. They rallied again and again but were met with irresistible onaetn, which finally compelled them to retire behind the hills under cover of their guns. . In less than fifteen minutes from the time the Rebels charged the town, they were all driven from it, and were skulking in the wheat fields and among the hills of the viciDtty. The dead and wounded of both parties, with many horses, lay scattered here and there along the streets, so covered with blood and dust as to render identification in many cases very difficult. Meanwhile, Gen. Kilpatrick, who was several miles beyond the town, at the head of the column, when the attack was made, arrived upon the field, and took personal charge of the movements. These were ordered with consummate skill, and executed with prompt- iiessand success. His artillery, well posted on the hills facing the Rebels, and well supported, soon silenced the guns of the enemy, and compelled him to retire in the direction of Lee's main army. He left not less than 25 dead in the strsets and fields, and his wounded by far exceeded this number. We captured 75 prisoners, including Lt. Col. Payne, who commanded a brigade, and one stand of colors, the flag of the 13th Virginia cavalry. This was the trophy of Sergt. Burke, Company A. Our entire loss was nine liillod, thirty-one wounded and a few prisoners. Among the killed was Adjutant Gall, who fell while gallantly li li m n ''.'■•■^■i'i.if./i^:i\-Jikt,^.<<'M.' i m '-V.lWJ-V'^V'iii-. 66 Historic Records. K charging the enemy in the street. The fatal ball entered his left eye, and passed through his head, killing him in- stantly. The citizens of Hanover, who so nobly cared for our wound- ed in the hospitals during and after the battle, and assisted us in burying tlie dead, will long remember that terrible last day of June. The brave boys, who had so valiantly defeated the enemy, though taken by surprise, built their bivouac fires and spent the night on the field of their recent victory. Julj^ Irt. At 11 A. M. the Ist brigade moved to Abbotts- town, to Berlin, and pursued Rebel cavalry from this place to Rosetown, capturing several prisoners, and returned to Berlin at midnight and bivouacked. July 2d. The division moved to within two miles of Gettysburg, thence to New Oxford and Hunterstown, where we fought till dark. This was the extreme right wing of our army, while engaged in that great conflict, which decid- ed the fate of the Rebellion and saved the Republic from ruin. July Sd. During last night we moved from the right to the left flank of our army, about 2§ miles from Gettysburg, near Little Round Top. The remaining portion of the sjavalry corps was left to attend to Stuart and his troopers, who still threatened our right. Kilpatrick's work waa with infantry. His division, however, was reenforced by Gen. Merritt's regular brigade of the first division. About 10 A. M. Kilpatrick sent out his skirmishers upon the Rebel right flank and rear. The design was to create a panic, if possi- ble, and force the enemy back upon his trains. About 3 p. M., during the most terrific cannonade ever known upon Ur^-^'-'^ rfuimm !;A*'-.'dft«J''*'"'-u' Fifth New York Cavalry. 67 fatal ball entered ;ad, killing him in- ared for our wound- battle, and assisted imber that toirible lefeatcd the enemy, ouao fires and spent itory. moved to Abbotts- ilry from this place irs, and returned to yithin two miles of lunterstown, where reme right wing of inflict, which decid- the Republic from d from the right to 38 from Gettysburg, ng portion of the xt and his troopers, ick's work was with reenforced by Gen. ision. About 10 A. pon the Rebel right te a panic, if possi- 18 trains. About 3 ie ever known upon this continent, a large force of Rebel infantry was seen advancing, with the evident intention of sweeping away the cavalry, and of then turning our position on Little Round Top, occupied by our artillery with infantry support. To defeat this design of the Rebel chief, became Kilpatrick's all animating theme. Quickly making the best possible disposi- tioD of his command, he ordered Gon. Famsworth to charge these serried ranks, which must be broken. Placing the Fifth New York in support of Elder's Battery, which was exposed to a very hot fire, and ordering the First Vermont, First Virginia and Eighteenth Pennsylvania, into line of battle, he led them gallantly on to the unequal contest. Though this charge was not entirely a success, its well directed blow prevented the flank movement, which prison- ers asserted, was the intention of their leader, and thus the cavalry added another dearly earned laurel to its chaplet of houoT, dearli/ eanicrf because many of her bravest champions fell upon that bloody field. Gen. Kilpatrick, in his official report of this sanguniary conflict, says: "In this charge fell the brave Farnsworth. Short and brilliant was his career. On the 29th of June a general, on the 1st of July he baptized his star in blood, and on the 3d, for the honor of bis young brigade and the glory of hia corps, he yielded up his noble life." During this charge a shell passed through the body of Daniel Huriey, Company C, killed a horse, and afterward exploded, wounding John Buckley of the same company, and several others. Elder's battery was handled with \m usual skill, and with wonderful effect, silencing two or three times a Rebel battery that coiihl not hn »een, a thing but very seldom accomplished. :AS?ii"*S***''- T '''NlB|NlS^fe*^4**»J&SBi46*«'«'f**^^ ill 68 HiBTOiuc Kecokds. Before the sun went down on that day of carnage, it was evident that the Uniou arms had been victorious, after three days' almost inceavmt fighting, and our tired and nearly worn-out boys that uight rested quietly, upon the fields so 'I dearly won. July 4th. Having gathered his troopers together, Kilpat- rick addressed them a few words of cheer, assuring them that their noble deeds would not be passed by unrequited, and that he tru8t«d their future conduct would be but a copy of the past. Havi»>g received orders to intercept the Rebel trains, which were known to be on the retreat south- ward, the whole division was moved to Emmettsburgh, to Monterey Springs and to the summit of the South Moun- tains, where the train was encountered, passing through the gaps. The night was pitchy dark, and the rain fell fast, before the train guards were met. For some time they kept up a desultory fire upon us, but finally yielding to our superior skill and determination, a train of 200 wagons, mostly loaded with plunder from the stores and granaries of Pennsylvania, fell into our hands, and about 1,600 prisoners, among whom were several wounded. Most of the wagons were destroyed. July bth. Moved to Smithburg about 8 A. M., and sent the prisoners to Boonsboro'. About sundown we shelled the forces of Gen. Stuart approaching us from the mountain passes. This done, we marched to Cavetown, and thence to Boonsboro', where we bivouacked and rested. July Qth. Moved to Hagerstown and held the place in advance of Gen. Stuart. His approach was met with deter- mined resistance, and a heavy battle was the result. Had not Gen. Ewell's corps come down upon us we could hove ':*.« V'< i^^^'rf.' a**5S-'JiWift'^iJU,«ii«5.<* <•«''»■ i ■*^»«* '^ 'tr^s J IDS. day of carnage, it vag I victorious, after three car tired and nearly otlyupon the fields bu 'I opers together, Kilpat- ' cheer, assuring theu passed by unrequited, induct would be but a orders to intercept the be on the retreat south- I to Emmettsburgh, to t of the South Moun- 3d, passing through the , and the rain fell fast, For some time the; but finally yielding to , a train of 200 wagons, ,h6 stores and granaries inds, and about 1,500 ral wounded. Most of about 8 A.. M., aad sent sundown we shelled the us from the mountain IJavetown, and thence to ad rested. t and held the place in lach was met with deter- le was the result. Had upon us we could have Fifth New York Cavalry. 69 managed the cavalry alone, though they were compelled to fight desperately , as this was their only way of retreat. C!flarge8 and counter-charges were frequent during the day. One reporter says, " Elder gave them grape and canister, and the Fifth New York sabres, while the First Vermont used their carbines." In one of these charges, made in the face of a very superior force, Capt. Penfield, at the head of his company (H), had his horse shot down under him, and, while strug- gling to extricate himself from the animal, was struck a fearful blow of a sabre on the head, which came near pro.ing fatal. Thus wounded, with the blood running down upon his long beard and clothes, he was made a prisoner. It was here the gallant Captain Dahlgren lost his leg while leading a charge. Before the heavy infantry force which was now attacking us, we retreated to Williamsport, fighting all the way. From Williamsport, having joined Gen. Buford, we fell back to Timball's Cross Roads. July 7th. The division moved to Boonsboro' and bivou- acked. July Sth. The Rebel cavalry under Gen, Stuart, supported by Hood's infantry, attacked our pickets along the Antietam Creek, and drove them in with some confusion. About noon a furious battle was raging near Boonsboro'. Buford and Kilpatrick united their respective divisions in the work of repelling this attack. Over the broad plains, it was a splendid sight to witness the manceuvrings of these cavalry chiefs. The struggle was desperate — Stuart fighting for the safety of t) .e Rebel army, and our boys for the South Mountain pass. About sundown, after a brief con- 11. 5 ,?nt^'ll i^i^te|^Sja&i»y&*fei3ias&M^sfes»fsSi^^ £! 70 Historic Kecords. Bultation between Bulbrd and Kilpatrick, their bugles were ringing with the order for a concentrated and united charjre; and with a wild shout those invincible squadrons fell upon the enemy, driving his broken lines from the field, which he left strewn with his dead and dying. With the laurels of another glorious victory, our boys returned to their bivouac, and sought the repose they had so well earned. After the battle Col. De Forest assumed command of the brigade, having been ill several days. Julii 10Mf«^iiA^s^'i^^'*^ Fifth New York Cavalry. 73 Pursued very Vigor. 'otomao The Qun- ('ourt (louse. — Lee ertson and Rapidan andy Hiation. — His Mills.— The Armies evensburg'. — Several sthe Soldier's Life. — Volunteers. — Build- 6«r81*r, 1863. prom the free states r days before. His tterial of war. lie r his plan. Instead )ndly hoped by the Maryland, he had i our hands in the i own place, with a ks had been thinned ilties in battle. He irsue him as closely all further damage f the commanding army escaping aa irds Staunton and fiordonsville, their cavalry meanwhile taking possession of the gups in the Blue Kidgu to prevent flunk ujovonicnts. Our pursuit was not as vigorous as it would seem it might have been. But it must bo rumembcrod that our infantry had made many foro'il marches, describing in its route a line resembling the circumference of a circle, while that of the llebel army was like the diameter. Our cavalry had not only defeated the Rebel cavalry in many battles and xkirraishes, but it had met the solid columns of their infantry also, as at Gettysburg. Con80(|uently our movements were nut as rapid as they might otherwise have been, owing to the fatigue of our men. Juli/ I5th. The division moved up the river to Williams- port, swung around to Tlagerstown, and bivouacked for the night at Boonsboro'; men and horses oame to their rest with a wonderful relish. Juljjf IGth. "Boots .iiid saddles" at an early hour, and the whole division wn soon in the saddle, where we might be said to live, move, and have our being, and we were cgain on the march. We revisited Rhorersville, recrossed Cramp- tun's (iap, and bivouacked near the Potomac at Berlin. Before night the first brigade moved to Harper's Ferry and bivouacked in the yard of the ruined arsenal. Juli/ nth. This morning we crossed the Shenandoah on the new wire bridge, passed around the foot of Loudon Heights, and followed the Potomac to opposite Berlin, where we were joined by the second brigade, which crossed on pontoons. The division then moved to Lovettsville, Wheatland, Purcelville, Va., and halted for the night. July I9th. The division moved to the following places : — !s irn^ m *■'■-.., ■■■0M-' tvi>ki.fft»:i w;*;- < p ^ Historic Records. SniokersTille, Bloomfield »nd Upporville, where we itopped and rested. July 2fdth. The 5th and 6th Michigan, with the 6th Now York, under Col. Town, of the Ist Michigan, marched to Aflhby'B Gap, expelled therefrom a force of the enemy, after a brief akirniiRh, and occupied the Uap. The Fifth New York returned to Upperrille. From this time until September, the headquarters of the third division were near Warrenton, while picketing was performed by the regiments in rotation, along the line of the Rappahannock, opposed to Stuart's cavalry, whose headquarters were at Culpepper. September 4y'^'^'^'^^X~^Jl^^K^ iiself worthy to ivision. Form- n? the right to placing himself ruiuation tothe hundred yards i to strike up vaa added the iharge. Fired jir colors, this leir battle cry, flashed in the ing off his cap, irge, while his ices, forges and ind others, all lich the Rebel iscaped serious the beholders ia the Ne>f 1, and together barges, which hey recrossed ig the rear of where it was 3 night, while bion, a caisson plosion of the was a wide- ■«'*l" ' Jill HilW'iH rf^yr I/' t ' ■" "'■ ■!"■''"! 4 ■m »1 ' --Om -•'i- »sS} i#>i,fe*s •fe Fifth New York Cavalry. 88 Hpreiid alarm, which brought every cavalryman to his horse, reuily to meet the foe, who was supposed to have made a powerful attack. October With. The regiment was sent to test the Rebel pickets at Groveton, with whom we had a slight skirmish. Octoher 17 th. The work of yesterday was repeated. October ISth. A third time the regiment skirmished with the pickets at Groveton and advanced to Gainesville. October 19th. The Rebel army having spent its time in tearing up and destroying the rail road, refusing to uttttck, Gen. Meade ordered a general advance. Kilpat- rick marched through Groveton and Gainesville, meeting the enemy in overwhelming force at Buokland Mills. Had it not been for great skill and daring his entire command would have been annihilated. As it was, he narrowly escaped, saving all his guns, but leaving some of his men in the enemy's bands. Before our advancing army, Gen. Lee gradually retreated, receiving a terrible shock at Rappahannock Station, which sent the remains of his army across the Rappahannock. It is quite singular to remark how these great armies have been swinging like huge pendulums during the present season. In June they swung from the Rappahannock, Va., to the Susquehanna, Penn.; then back to the Rapidan; afterward almost to the Potomac, then back to the Rapidan a^ain. It is encouraging to notice that the swing of the Rebel army toward the north, shortens at every move, giving indications of its waning power. In the early part of November our army laid its pontoons across the Rappahannock, and advanced upon the enemy, drlvin" him from the line he had selected for his winter m V;*ifeW>'Si^'^•;t■w.iVr:.^*J^•iia?'i^f4^^ -.■*...-:■-,- ii»«Vi4 ! 5 84 Historic Records. quarters. Many of their huts, already completed, fell into our hands. November 9th. The regiment had a spirited skiriuish with the enemy, in driving him from Steveiisburg. From a correspondent of a New York daily, we quote tho following description of this affair. " I must be allowed to mention, that Kilpatrick's division, or rather Davies' brig- ado of that division, was engaged in quite a brisk encounter with Hampton's division of Rebel cavalry, on Sunday the 8th inst., in tho vicinity of Stevensburg. I allude to it here, because, as yet, it has scarcely been noticed at all in any papers that I am aware of, although it was one of the most spirited and handsomely managed affairs that has occurred during the late movements. There was no very severe fighting, it is true, but the ease with which the enemy was driven from his position, and the short duration of the fight, were mainly attributable to the adroitness used in the disposition of our forces, and the intense eagerness and animation with which our men went up to th6 attack. A battery of the enemy which occupied a commanding position at Stevensburg, right in the line of our advance, was started off at a double quick, almost without firing a dhot, by sending a regiment round to the right, which came in upon it from an unexpected quarter, and threw the gun- ners into instant alarm for the safety of their guns; and ■when they had taken up a new position and were busily shelling our troops coming upjn front. Major Hammond, commanding the regiment just mentioned, with about twenty of his men, again compelled them to decamp by coming up under cover and unseen to within easy carbine range of them, and thus picking off the artillerists." « mm ' , '-*^«^«i'SSWSiBp-VJ ^' Fifth New York Cavalut. 85 ett'd. ffill into ted Bkinuish lurg. we quote tho be allowed to Diivifs' brig- isk eiioounter a Sunday the allude to it iced at all in as one of the irs that has was no very [h which the lort duration roitness used ise eagerness to th^ attack, commanding our advance, iout firing a which came rew the gun- r guns; and were busilj ■ Hammond, with about decamp by sasy carbine :ists." The rogiment camped among the pines, whenccf tlioy had driven the enemy. Xitvmbcr llth. The regiment was ordered to picket aluii{< the Kapidan, extending uur videttee from Morton's lord near to German ia. November X'ith. A squad of Hampton's cavalry, dressed in uur overcoats, surprised and attacked the 18th l^ennsylvii- iiiu, near Qermania Ford, capturing many prisoners, and their headquarters wagon. Capt. McQuinn, Company A, in char{;e ut' the nearest reserve, assisted in beating back the Rebels, who fled across the river. November 21«/. The paymaster appeared with his green- backs, and though the rain has fallen almost incessantly nnoe have been heard to murmur. Whatever trouble or liifficulty the soldier has, pay-day is sure to take it all away — at least if his accounta are all right. N'uivmber 22d. Th men are sending their money homo to their friends. Some foolishly squander theirs away, but moat men of the rugiment put a proper estimate ou their earnings. November 2ith. A grand movement of the army toward the Bapidan was commenced, at an early hour. Our divi- siuD moved toward Raccoon Ford. A heavy rain having set in, the troops were countermarched to their wet •bivouacs. • November 26th. The movement commenced and aban- doned on the 24th was to-day resumed. Gen. Meade, desiring to cross his main force at German ia Ford, ordered the cavalry to attack the Rebel lines along the upper fords, and, if possible, compel them to busy themselves with us. Our division broke camp early, and reached the river about sS^' \ \ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I ill 11^ ill 112.5 40 mil 2.0 1.8 1.25 1.4 : 1 1.6 < 6" ► v: (^ /} m e": x ^ ;\ I c> % 1981 86 Historic Records. nine o'clOok at Morton's Ford. The fortifications on the high hills along the river swarmed with Rebels. They opened their heavy batteries upon us. The division moved up the river toward Raccoon Ford, most of the time e:£posed to the artillery fire. Shells fell fast near the solid column, spattering mud all over our Thanksgiving suits, for this was Thanksgiving day. Our flying artillery occa- sionally replied. This artillery duel was continued all the day, and yet not a man was injured. How wonderful is the preservation of human life on occasions like this ! At night we bivouacked in the woods about a mile from the ford. The ground was wet and the weather cold, and we were compelled to make fires sparingly, lest the enemy aight discover our position, and give us a Thanksgiving supper of shells, as he had done for our dinner. uVovember llth. Early in the morning the division crossed the river at Raccoon Ford, having discovered that the enemy had abandoned his works in the night. Fitz- hugh Lee's cavalry, however, waa encountered approaching at no great distance from the river, compelling our boys to return after a sharp skirmish. November SOth. We still continue by the river, exchang- ing occasional shots, and sometimes volleys, with the pickete on the other side. Now and then the batteries open. Just before sundown the Rebels sainted us with a rapid shelling, which made the woods and hills resound. Wc bivouac among the pines, when off duty, where moss is plentiful for our carpets. Our fare would be quite pleasant if it were not for the biting frosts of the nights. December 2d. Gen. Meade is returning from his uusuc- eessful affair in the wilderness about Mine Run. His V ibrtifications on the ith Rebels. They rhe division moved most of the time I fast near the solid 'hanksgiving suits, yiiig artillery occa- s continued all the How wonderful is ons like this ! At ut a mile from the iather cold, and we y, lest the enemy us a Thanksgiving dinner. aing the division ng discovered that n the night. Fitz- l^ered approaching Jelling our boys to the river, exchang- s, with the pickets be batteries open. i us with a rapid lills resound. Wc tj, where moss is i be quite plea.sant nights. a; from his uusuc- Mine Run. His TV- Fifth ISiEw York Cavalry. 87 expedition has been attended with great fatigue and suffer- ing, and some losses. December Sd. As vas expected, we were relieved from til is position and taken back to our old camps, near Stevens- burg. Our euuip began to assume a delightful appearance, with it!i rows of shelter tents, and an occasional wall tent, when about 3 p. M. the woods were ringing with bugles, soiimling " boots and saddles." Tents were taken down, and the brigade moved out in the direction of the river to meet the enemy, who was supposed to be crossing the river to attack us in heavy force. It proved to be a fright of the pickets stationed along the river. We were soon back in our old spot again, putting up our shelters. Change is the soldier's life. It marks his daily experi- ence. Now he lies securely in his wood-surrounded home, then he revels in the pomp and terror of the battle ; now he suffers from the long march or the extra duty, then he grows weary with long waiting and anxious fears. His life is a moving panorama, which presents every shado of color- ing, and every phase of human experience. December ith. Quite an excitement was created among the men, by an effort made to ascertain what number of them are willing to reenlist under the orders recently issued by the War Department, respecting Veteran Volunteers. A large majority of the men present are ready to reenlist for a new term of service. Though they have seen hard service, and long, they are unwilling to return to the quiet pursuits of civil life while the conflic* goes on. They want to join in the last conflict am' to swell the final shout of victory, over the downfall of ti\is Rebellion. Every one appears to be in the best of spirits, ) I- :! ■' -VJii-V I i' 88 Historic Records. December 5f.h. A large mail was received, after a sus- pension of several days. These are always occasions of great rejoicing, in camp life. Our mail bags are great instruments of power. December 8th. A large detail of the regiment went out on picket to the Rapidan. A squad of eighteen recruits for the regiment was received this evening. December 15th. Our boys on picket near Germania Ford are becoming quite familiar with Rebel pickets on the other side the river. Papers are exchanged, coffee is given for tobacco; and visits of the Rebels among us, and of our boys among them, are quite frequent. December llth. A cold, freezing rain has fallen all day; and the men, wet, cold, hungry and tired, returned from picket. The pines were lighted up with the lurid light of our 5res at night. December ISth. Moved camp to the hill known in this region as The DeviVs Leap, where we expect to build our winter quarters. December 2Qth. The main portion of the regiment went out on picket. December 2,M. The cold is intense and we are suffering for the went of winter quarters. We have just received orders to buiid them. Wc are camped on a crest of hills, which was very thickly wooded with fine timber just before we took possession. The wood had been purchased by the Rebel authorities at a high price, with the hope that this would be their winter quarters. The forest is quickly disappearing. December 27th. The men are busily engaged in the work of constructing their log cabins. Every man has suddenly sived, after a sus- occasions of great great instruments egraent went out hteen recruits for IT Germania Ford ekeis on the other offee is given for i, and of our boys las fallen all day; d, returned from 1 the lurid light ill known in this pect to build our B regiment went we are suffering ve just received a crest of hills, mber just before lurchased by the e hope that this )rest is quickly »ged in the work lan has suddenly i;»' --^^i^S^^pJJ^^^^^^SiSJs^'-a^ftlf^^ Fifth Nkw York Cavalky. 89 become a mason or a carpenter, and the hammer, the axe and the trowel are being plied with the utmost vigor, if not with the highest skill. December 8lst. The Adjutant's quarters are crowded with work >i o is making out or giving instructions to others to make ov:'^, discharge papers, muster out and muster in rolls for the men, who are enlisting as Veteran Volunteers. A gentle rain fell this morning, and has continued, with some wind, 80 that all day Jong the Heavens have wept over the departing year. *r Ir- itS,^'^ L. CHAPTER VII. Life in Winter Quarters — Ita Duties and Pastimes. — Its Interest- ing Scenes. — Dangerous Picketing between the Uappahannock and the Rapidan. — Frequent Attacks by Guerrillas. — Kilpat- rick's Second Raid to Richmond. — Col. Dahlgren's Part of the Work. — Full Account by Lieut. Merritt, who accompanied Dahlgren. — Object of the Raid. — General Plan. — Dnhlgren's Command. — Successful Capture of Rebel Pickets on the Rapi- dan. — Honor to Lieut. Merritt's Command. — Capture of a Rebel Court Martial. — Conduct of Prisoners. — The Faithless Negro Guide. — He is Hurg. — Property of Mr. Seddon, Rebel Secretary of War. — His Negroes. — Their Depredations.- -Our Soldiers falsely Accused of Pillaging. — Henry A. Wise wisely Skedaddles. — Within a few Miles of Richmond.— Cofiperatiou with Kilpatrick Impossible. — Preparation to Attack Richmond. — Nature of the Fight. — Withdrawal. — Casualties. — Terrible Night's March. — Meet a Rebel Ambulance Train — Crossing the Pamunkey. — The Mattapony. — Marching and Fighting. — The Ambuscade. — Dahlgren Killed. — Road Barricaded. — In Straits. — Ammunition Exhausted. — Preparation to Disperse. — The Party Broken up. — The Cabin in the Woods. — The Surren- der — A Baptist Preacher. — The Parson's Robbery and Apolo- gy. — Dahlgren's Remains. — Arrival at Libby Prison. — Casual- ties of the Fifth New York. — Synopsis of Kilpatrick's March. — The Terrible Tornado.— January Ut to May 2d, 1864. After the great excitement of an active campaign with ita long marches and almost constant fighting, life in winter quarters seems quite too dull. For some weeks at least, until somewhat accustomed to his new home, the soldier ''Ss"T?',S»"*»'»rTr^n+S2fr''!r*;,' »* '. ■'^\ Fifth New Yobk Cavalry. 91 . — Its Interest- Uappahannock rillas. — Kilpat- m's Part of the accompanied n. — Dnhlgren's kB on the Rapi- )ture of a Rebel FaithlesB Negro Seddon, Rebel edations.--Our A. Wise wisely — Cobperatiou ack Richmond, ties. — Terrible ■ain — Crossing md Fighting. — arricaded. — In to Disperse. — . — The Surren- ery and Apolo- isou. — Casual- rick's March. — 864. paign with its life in winter eeks at least, le, the soldier feels more or less uneasiness. However, this life is not without its duties nor its opportunities for employment. Several days are consumed in making our quarters comfort- able and convenient. Our northern friends would wonder to see the skill and taste exhibited in the construction and internal arrangprneots of our cabins. The day is u^^hen .' 'n with the reveille, well executed by the bugle corps, wL 'a has been reorganized, and drilled for the purpose. At he blast of these bugles we are called to our breakfast, dinner and supper. Koll call is sounded and the men of each company fall into line and are accounted for. The bugle sounds to call the orderly ser geantsto assemble at the adjutant's quarters to receive any special orders he may have to communicate. By the bugle the camp guard is assembled, inspected and ordered to its posts of duty. At water cill the men lead out their horses to the watering. Drill call sends them to the field to learu the tactics of war. Thus call after call to duty is sounded at intervals throughout the day, ending with the taps, which calls for the blowing out of lights, and the seeking of rest, which night demands. To these duties and excitements come the days of picketing, when a large detail is sent out, leaving behind a number just suflScient to care for the camp. These are generally men too sick for hard duty, or whose horses are un.serviceable. While in camp checkers and cards afford a pastime to many, but a large number spend their hours in reading and writing. We usually receive a daily mail Thus our time is filled with some kind of employment, and even our camp life is far from monotonous. f i \M: i,i;-!i;': -fi-i J 4 ' 92 lIisTouic Rkcouds. January \st. The morning was fair and beautiful, but the day ended with the coldest weather ever known to our veterans, wliile in Virujinia. The reiinlisted men, nmnber- hv^ one hundred and eighty-one, were mustered in. Others will recnlist before many days. January M. The paymaster has paid his compliments tc the veterans, and they abound in greenbacks. January "ilh. Sent out a picket detail of three officers and fifty-six men. January \Qth. The camps of this grand army occupy a large territory, stretching from Stevensburg to two or three miles beyond Brandy Station. The roads are becoming almost bottomless. However, long trains of forage and commissary wagons may be seen passing to and fro with horses and mules in mud from " stem to stern." Caval- cades of mudded horses and riders traverse the camps and adjoining fields in various directions. Large flocks of crows with their bi^.V -perched videttes when alighted, or their regular line oi march when on the wing, leave an im- pression upon the soldier's mind. These sights are of daily recurrence. January Idth. The regiment is picketing near the Rapi- dan, a little below Germania Ford. A line of pickets ex- tends across to the Rappahannock a little below Fields' Ford. The peninsular territory below this line and be- tween the rivers abounds in thick underbrush and deep ravines, through which guerrillas creep up and attack our pickets. Patrols are sent oat daily from the picket reserves, on the main roads to the fords of the rivers, to drive out any force of the enemy that might seek to advance upon us from that direction. To-day our patrol was attacked by a ^-<-^f^«f^»?*»*SI»«Viift;v,^j- -•^..f'.^^.s.v:-.. ■•.y'^ii^^^.,^,^^: Fifth New York Cavalry. 98 jcautiful, but known to our lieu, nuuiber- ad in. Others implinients tc three officers my occupy a two or three ire becoming f forage and ind fro with irn." Caval- lie camps and ;e flocks of alighted, or leave an ira- i are of daily ir the Rapi- f pickets ex- elow Fields' ine and be- ih and deep d attack our ket reserves, to drive out ince upon us ttacked by a considerable force concealed in bushes by the road side. Under very great disadvuntage, our boys defended them- selves as best they could, but suffered quite severely. This was near Ely's Ford, Rapidan. Januarj/ 22d. Our boys were out again patrolling towaid the Rappahannock, and were attacked by bushwhackers near Ellis' Ford. As on the 19th inst., one man was killed, several wounded and captured. Among the latter were several veterans, who were daily looking for their 35 days' furlough promised in their reiJnlistment. They will have a dreary furlough in southern prisons. January 'ilst. Our chapel tent was dedicated this even- ing by Chaplain E. P. Roe, 2d New York Cavalry, who preached an excellent sermon to a large audience. February Gth. The 2d Corps made a demonstration on the Rebel lines at Raccoon and Morton't. Fords, fighting all day. Gen. Hays greatly distinguished himself in some of the charges made on the enemy's fortifications. Mean- while Kilpatrick's cavalry crossed the river at Culpepper Mine Ford, and reconnoitred along the plank road. At Hampton's Cross Roads a squad of the enemy was encoun- tered and quickly dispersed. A few prisoners fell into our hands. February 7th. The regiment returned to camp at 2 p. M., after a journey of about 35 miles. February ISth. Sixty-eight recruits joined the regiment. Our ranks are thus being filled. February 21st. A large temperance meeting in the chapel, and a large number signed the pledge. February 2Sd. A grand review of a portion of the army before Generals Meade, Pleasanton, Kilpatrick and others, I t I'f, :;;;:; l'??::^ j'i'lj. -:«Wn -v:?f; TiCT^ • : : r :t:JI- V; i:Tr:^];i:j "' J£^"^J > ' iSft Lj3»i i*" 94 IIiSToiiic Records, took place on the plains between Stevensburg and Pony Mountain. The infantry, artillery and cavalry appeared in their best uniform and with flying colors, prosentiug an im- posing spectacle. The exorcises closed with a cavalry skir- niish and charge. February 2Ath. The paymaster occupies the chapel for paying the regiment. February 26th. The long-looked-for veteran leaves-of-ab- scnce and furloughs made their appearance, but had not been in camp thirty minutes before they were sent for from brigade headquarters. They are doubtless detained for some wise purpose, but many fail to see the point. February 2Sth. The whole division under Kilpatrick, accompanied by Col. Dahlgren, who was intrusted with a very important position in the expedition, set out on a great raid to Richmond. We append the following full and interesting narrative of the raid, by Major Merritt (then Lieutenant), who accompanied Col. Dahlgren, and was with him at his death. Narrative of Dahlgren's Raid. Kilpatrick's second raid upon Richmond was made with the purpose of releasing our officers and men confined in Libby Prison, Castle Thunder and Belle Island, and to destroy the mills, workshops, materials, stores and govern- ment property of the Rebels in that city and vicinity, and the rail road communications. The plan also comprehended the capture of Lee's reserve artillery at Frederick Hall Station or* the Virginia Central rail road. '!^i^' ,•>- ,. ; -'i^iY - ; ■g and Pony ( appeared in cntiug an iiu- . cavalry Bkir- be chapel for 1 leavea-of-ab- but had not sent for from detained for 'nt. r Kilpatrick, rusted with a out on a great ing full and Uerritt (then and was with D. IS made with n confined in sland, and to and govern- vicinity, and jomprehended rederick Hall Fifth New York Cavalry. 95 In the execution of this general plan, Col. Dalilgrcn's command, diverging from the main column to the right at Spottsylvania Court House, was to march by Frederick Hall, capture and destroy the artillery, cross the James river at Columbia Mills, send a party to destroy the rail road bridges where the Danville road crosses the Appomat- tox river, and move upon Riclmond from the south, in the hope of gaining possession of the bridges spanning the river between Munchester'and the city by surprise, dash over and release the prisoners, while the main force under Kilpatrick occupied the enemy's attention on the north side of the town. The expedition of Col. Ulric Dahlgten marched from Gen. Kilpatrick's headquarters at Stevensburg, Va., on the evening of Sunday, February 28th, 1864. It comprised detachments from the 2d New York, 5th New York, 1st Vermont, 1st Maine and 5th Michigan regimento of cavalry of the 3d division cavalry corps, army of the Potomac, in all four hundred men. The detachment of the Fifth New York under command of Lieut. Merritt, Co. K, consisted ot Lieut. Robert Black and forty men selected from companies I and K. This party left camp about 3 P. M., being sent in advance with orders to capture the enemy's videttes at Ely's Ford on the Kapidan river, and, if practicable, their picket reserve also, the object being to secure the passage of the river and open the way for the march without the alarm's being communicated to the enemy. We proceeded to within two miles of the ford and halted until dark, when Lieut. Merritt, with fifteen dismounted men and two scouts, sent from headquarters, waded the river about one mile above the ford, and, aided by the I-- : ^ UG lIisTOHic Records. durkness, the night boin^ slormy, succeeded in aj)proachinj» and Heeuriiig the two videtUjs guarding the ford, and, after much difficulty, ascertained the position of the reserve. A iurge fire built in a ravine on the banics of the river some distance below the ford, evidently intended to deceive us, caused some delay ; but we finally discovered that their picket reserve were in a house some distance buck from the river. We proceeded silently to this house, surrounded it, and, rushing in, after a brief struggle, captured the whole piirty, sixteen men, a lieutenant, and the officer of the day, who had halted for the night on nis tour of inspection. His report of the vigilance and efficiency of his picket was probably never made. Oaly two shots were fired, and no alarm raised, as we afterward ascertained that the enemy were not aware that we had crossed the river until the column had passed Spottsylvania. Lieut. Black, with the remainder of the men, was left on the opposite bank of the river, with directions to throw out a few skirmishers on the edge of the stream, and move down as close as possible without discovery, and to be pre- pared either to cross or cover our party as circumstances rendered necessary. Securing our prisoners we returned to the river and found the advance of Dablgren's column across, we having immediately communicated our success. Twenty-three of our men were sent to the rear in charge of the prisoners. Col. Dahlgren, in recognition of our success, assigned to us the advance of the expedition, which duty we performed throughout. Taking the Chancellorsville road we passed through Spottsylvania Court Hovse and, bearing to the right, marched without iucident, until we came to the vicinity of Fifth Ninv Yokx Cavamiy. 97 n approachin," rd, and, after e reserve. A le river some to deceive us, red that their buck from the surrounded it, ed the whole ir of the day, of inspection, lis picket was fired, and no it the enemy iver until the men, was lefl ions to throw am, and move md to be pre- circumstances re returned to ren's column our success. r in charge of f our success, , which duty ssed through to the right, he vicinity of Frederick Hall Station, about 3 p. M. Monday. Here wo found the reserve nrtillery, numbering 83 pieces of every calibre, parked, with a small brigade of infantry guarding it. Approaching through the woods with the utmost cir- eumapection, we came within 300 yards of the camp with- out discovery. A rapid but thorough reconnoissance demon- strated the impossibility of capturing their guns with our small force, and we saw the necessity of withdrawing from the dangerous vicinity without attracting the notice of the enemy. To accomplish this we had to pass around the base of a small hill on the edge of the camp. Here there was a house, and we observed a number of men moving about, and from the character of tlie ground suspected the pres- ence of a battery also. It was of course necessary to ascertain whether this suspicion was correct, and to capture the men. In order to save the valuable time it would have required to deploy skirmishers, and as the only probable way of preventing the alarm of the camp, our detachment vol- unteered to charge the hill, Major Cooko, 2d New York deploying a squadron to cover us in case of nood. Separat- ing in two parties we charged on opposite sides of a gorge running into the hill, and approached the small house in such a manner as to surround it. After a few shots, the party who had retired inside the building, when, to their utter amazement they discovered ou haracter, surrendered themselves prisoners, and we learn 1 with almost equal astonishment and no little amusement, that we had captured a court martial, securing the entire party, president, judge advocate, members of the court, witnesses, prisoner, and orderlies in attendance. Among them was a Col. Jones, 1st Maryland Light Artillery, two majors and the usual com- w 'itim 98 Historic Records. pleraent of captaina and lieutenants, the whole party numbering about thirty, with several fine horses. The Rebels were engaged in artillery practice when we approached their camp, and the regular and continued discharge of their •runs served to inform us that wo remained undiscovered. Nearly all the prisoners subsequently escaped from us during the night, as we were unable to guard them properly, and, in fact. Col. Dahlgren did not desire to be encumbered with them. The judge advocate, Lieut. Blair and another, however, adhered to us most faithfully until the finul break- ing up of the expedition. Lieut. Blair afterwards visited us in Libby Prison, and tendered his testimony in our favor, but without mitigating the severity of our imprisonment in any way. The rail road was torn up about one mile from Frederick Hall, and we then proceeded on our march. A heavy storm prevailed during Monday night. The rain fell in iorrents and rendered the roads almost impassable. Men and horses wore beginning to suffer for rest and refreshment. The woods being dense increased the difficulties of the march, and about three o'clock Tuesday morning, it became neces- sary to make a brief halt in order to close up the column, which was scattered several miles in the rear, struggling through tliP mud holes of the miserable swamp road. At the halting p! ,co we captured six wagons loaded with forage for Lee's army. We now learned that we were about three miles from Dover Mills, and ten miles below CoLxmbia Mills. The guide, a negro, had misled us during the night, and, to obviate the delay of retracing our steps. Col. Dahlgren, on the representations of the negro that an excellent ford was "' ^ - -•^i!.f>S''Y **** » A>^' •f^lf'i'kjj^^?!', , ',^. Finn New Yokk Cavalry, 99 whole party horses. Tbc te approached barge of their discovered, aped from ua hem properly, I encuaibered and aaother, le fin< J break- irds visited us in our favor, prisonment in om Frederick \. heavy storm ill in torrents en and horses shment. The of the march, became neces- p the column, ir, struggling mp road. At loaded with ee miles from a Mills. The night, and, to Dahlgren, on silent ford was to be found at Dover Mills, concluded to cross at that point. After two hours' halt we again moved on. and soon reached . Dover Mills, but only to meet disappointment. The negro bad deceived us, no ford existed at this point nor any means of crossing the river. He then stated that the ford was tl'.ree miles below: this was obviously false, as the river was evidently navigable to and above this place, as we saw a sloop going down the river. This man was sent from headquarters to guide us and was cunsiaered faithful and reliable. I afterwards learned that he came into our lines from Richmond, in company with several officers who escaped from Libby Prison by Col. Streight's tunnel, and whom he piloted through. He was born and had always belonged in the immediate vicinity of Dover Mills, was very shrewd and intelligent, and it would seem impossible that he should not know that no ford existed in the neighborhood, where be had seen vessels daily passing. Col. Dahlgren had warned him that if detected acting in bad faith, or lying, wo would surely hang him, and after we left Dover Mills, and had gone down the river so far as to render further prevarication unavailing, the colonel charged him with betraying us, destroying the whole design of the expedition, and hazarding the lives of every one engaged in it,— and told him that he should be hung in conformity with the terms of his service. The negro became greatly alarmed, stated confuseflly that he was mistaken, thought we intended to cross the river in bouts, and finally said that he had done wrong, was sorry, etc. The colonel ordered him to be hung, — a halter strap was used for the purpose, and we left the miserable wretch dangling by the roadside. His body was afterwards cut jjj'i S' 100 HiSTOKic Records. down and buried by Capt. Mitchell who had remained behind some time to complete the destruction of some mills and grain. At Dover Mills we halted about two hours on the property of Mr, Seddon, the Eebel secretary of war. No Union troops had ever been here before, and our appearance created great excitement and consternation among the whites, — while the contrabands flocked about us in great numbers, nearly wild with joy. The negroes invariably came with the request that we would visit their master or overseer, and arrest or punish him fo" his cruelty. We of course declined the office of redressers of grievances of this nature. The ties of affection we sometimes hear about, binding master and slave together under the patriarchal institution, evidently did not exist in Mr. Seddon's neighborhood, how- ever it might be elsewhere. At this point we destroyed a number of fine mills, several our advance Between for- ry obstruction, Spencers, we ty. Here we attle. It was ere inside the Many of our Rebel capitol. DO great for ua we could not d gallantly to Fifth New York Cavalry. 106 the attack, and even forced them back somewhat from their position, stubbornly hok!>Qg all we gained. Their right rested upon a hill descending abruptly into a swampy flat. This we could not turn in consequence of our small num- bers, and the colonel soon decided to withdraw. He said we hr.d gone " far enough " — and indeed had militia ardor been any of the most ardent, we would have found it quite too far. Leaving Capt. Mitchell with a strong party to cover our rear and check either pursuit or attack, Dahlgren proceeded to collect his scattered force, picking up a'l the wounded we could find in the dark. Having no means of conveyance, the assistant surgeon of the 2d New York was left in charge of them, and fell into the enemy's hands. We retired leisurely and without the slightest annoyance from the enemy. Their loss was variously stated by their newspapers to be from forty to seventy killed and wounded, including several oflScers. We h^d but one officer wounded, Lieut. Harris, 5th Michigan cavalry. Our losses in all could not be ascertained but probably did not exceed a dozen or fifteen. The route now pursued was in the direction of Hungary Station, on the Central rail road, taking up the signal officer and the rest sent away in the afternoon. Wo were obliged to force a citizen to become our guide, as the scout, sent from headquarters for that purpose, although assuring us that he kne'^ every foot of ground within thirty miles of Rich- mond, proved utterly inefficient. No one engaged in that night's march will ever forget its difficulties. The storm had set in with renewed fury. The fierce wind drove the rain, snoT7 and sleet. The darkness was rendered more intense by the thick pines which overgrew the road, and which dashed ^i , u \ t 1 1' ; i f "^ if vll. '4 106 Historic Recoeds. into our faces almost an avalanche of water at every step. Using unfrequented wood roads we were halted frequently to remove trees fallen across the path, and to trace the course with our hands, for even the sagacity of the horses was often at fault. Tired and exhausted the men fell asleep upon their horses. It became necessary to march by file, and at every turn of the path to pass the word down to "turn to the right" or keep to the left of the tree. It was utterly impossible to see a yard in advance. Slowly and laboriously we toiled through ^ — the jaded animals stumbling and falling down, and when we finally reached Hungary Station, discovered that Capt. Mitchell and his party had become separated from us. They were unable to track us, although following close in our rear, but, more fortunate than ourselves, suc- ceeded, after hiding in the woods all night, in making their way to Kilpitrick, whom they joined next day near White House. Lt. Bartley had been informed by contrabands, that Gen. Kilpatrick had gone down the peninsula, with a large force of the enemy in his rear. Concluding, therefore, that it was impracticable to join him, Dahlgren, after consultation, decided upon making for Gloucester Point to join Gen. But- ler's army. We crossed the Chickahominy at McClellan's bridge, and, soon after, came upon a rebel ambulance train returning to Richmond with wounded from the scene of an attack made that night, upon the 2d Brigade of Kilpatrick's Division. For some time they were not aware of our char- acter, but were loud in their boasts that they had driven off the Yankees — their surprise was ludici^us when Col. Dahl- gren informed them that we were Yankees, and asked " if they did not think they were a nice lot of fellows." — De- ,t every step, cd frequently ice the course irses was often ep upon their , and at every 1 to the right" impossible to 3ly we toiled falling down, n, discovered ome separated mgh following lurselves, suc- I making their ly near White ads, that Gen. 1 a large force •efore, that it r consultation, join Gen. But- at McClellan's [ibulance train be scene of an of Kilpatrick's :e of our char- had driven oflf [len Col. Dahl- nd asked " if ellows." — De- '";?s*»'«(t»*'ffr'^»'i»'''»*rfli?,rT'?K?<;«pi^^ Fifth New York Cavalry. 107 taining them long enough to enable us to close up our own men, and after conversing with some of our wounded in the ambulances, but failing to gain any inforrxtion to guide us, we dismissed th..in, — t anticipating immediate pursuit, proceeded rapidly towards the Pamunkey river. Wo reached Hanovertown ferry about 8 o'clock A. M. Wednesday. The river was very high, and the flat-boat used at the ferry had been removed, but we discovered it hidden among the bushes on the opposite bank. Several of the boys stripped oflF their clothing and two succeeded in swimming over and bringing back the boat. The tow rope was found, and quick- ly stretched across and made fast. — Several hours were con- sumed in crossing. As soon as all hands were over we continued our march for the Mattapony river, encountering and dispersing several small parties of the enemy. After driving out a party of Rebels at Ayletts, we crossed the Mattapony about 2 p. m. using the ferry boat, (fortu- nately discovered some distance down the river), for the men, and swimming the horses. The crossing was effected in about an hour. When half the party had crossed an attack was made upon us, but it was easily repulsed by a few skirmishers. After crossing the Mattapony until we reached the scene of final disaster, we were engaged in constant skirmishing with the enemy who had collected from every point to op- pose our march. But a single road was available, and at every point of woods we were assailed by a volley from shot guns, carbines and rifles. Our flankers were captured almost as soon as sent out. The enemy invariably declined coming to close quarters, scattering before our repeated charges. Notwithstanding the annoyances, our progress, ., ! 11 t >/^3'M.V^^-ii^^•;^' ^.-t*'' rv,: ... , ,-., r,:;-. .... . . ..,»..,»„5p_^,, _,^.,,,.^ ,, Fifth New Youk Cavalry. 109 lien we were ae8 and men, hunger. We creek, and a ). Cora was ■,and the men irty-six hours, y men. Seve- Few wounded ive force was night before, lands still ad- sted, the ma- were slightlj sless, but we 'olnt, opposite army. After .out exertion, march. The g. The road, ring every ob- advance was short distance the discovery isisted of but jolumn. Col. vance guard a imy. He was ponded to the i word was re- peated and the colonel immediately culled out, " surrender or we will shoot you "--and snapped his pistol, the cap only exploding. The next instant a heavy volley was poured in upon us. The flash of the pieces aflbrded us a momentary glimpse of their position stretching parallel with the road about fifteen paces from us. Every tree was occupied, and the bushes poured forth a sheet of fire. A bullet grazing my leg and probably .striking my horse somewhere in the neck, caused him to make a violent spring sideways. I was aware of some one dropping beside me, and attracted by a movement upon the ground, demanded who ii was. Major Cooke replied, that his horse had been shot. Neither of ns knew, at the moment, of the death of Dahlgren, though he was not four feet from us when he fell. A scout who had been somewhat in advance, new returned and reported that the road was barricaded two hundred yards ahead, and wiis impassable. In a moment a heavy fire was opened upon the flank and rear of our column. Major Cooke desired me to go back and assist the colonel to take care of it. We both supposed he had escaped, as not a groan was heard, and everything was invisible in the dark- ness. Leaving Major Cooke, who was extricating himself from his horse, I rode back to the column. Dahlgren waa not there, and I now knew that he had fallen, as there were but four in the group ahead when the volley was fired Instantly ordering all who had ammunition to fire into the bushes to check a charge, which would have routed us, the column was moved ahead, until a slight opening in the thick woods enabled us to turn off the road and form into line. The road was graded down about four feet with perpendicular banks supported by. cedar boughs interlaced. 1) .' .i '\.' 'I- / 110 Historic Recobds. in a manner tUMjuently soon in Virginia. OrJoring the fence thrown down, the men were immediately brought into line, lacing the road. Major Cooke had now returned. Wo soon dincovered that we were in a small clearing on rising ground surrounded by the forest. Moving back a few yards for more space, we massed the negroes compactly in the rear, and awaited the enemy. The men stood per- fectly firm though almost all of them were utterly destitute of animunition, and fully aware of the hopelessness of our position. After a time we discovered that the enemy did not propose to attack us. We wore aware that two battalions of cavalry were at King and Queen Court House, which we hoped to flank by a road about two miles from the town. Wo were now cut ofiF from this road by the force ahead and the barricades. There was no other road in the vicinity but the one we had been marching upon. The country was broken up in rough hills, thickly wooded, or dense jungles, render- ing it utterly impracticable to make our way across the coun- try mounted. We were also cut off from the rear, and could not retrace our steps, and soon discovered that we were entirely surrounded. The two prisoners, during the cou- fusion, had made their escape, as well as thu citizen guide whom we had pressed into service, and th" enemy were aware that our ammunition was exhausted. An inspection showed that less than thirty rounds remained in the whole party. I had but a single pistol cartridge myself, which I had reserved for a last recourse. Uader these disastrous circumstances, Major Cooke, after a consultation with Lt. Bartley and myself, decided upon the necessity of breaking up the party in the hope of get- ing through the enemy's line dismounted, and by spreading FiFTU New York Cavalry. Ill Ordering the y brought into now returned, ill clcuring on Moving back a ;roe8 compactly men stood per- tterly destitute lessuess of our the enemy did ,t two battalions )U8e, which wo the town. Wo ahead and the vicinity but the try was broken uugles, render- icross the coun- rear, and could that we were uring the cou- li citizen guide h" enemy were An inspection id in the whole nyself, which I jor Cooke, after decided upon le hope of get- ad by spreading out in twos and threes, to baffle pursuit, and accomplish the remaining twenty-five miles which we estimated to be the distance to Gloucester Point. Major Cooke and myself together made a careful reconnoissauce, and found that we were closely surrounded by a large force. Their fires could be seen at several pointa, and so near were they that their voices, in conversation, were plainly audible. The men were dismounted, and ordered to drive tlieir sabres into the ground and picket their horses to them, it being impossible to kill the animals without attracting notice. The Spencer car- bines were destroyed by removing and throwing away, or burying the chambers, and breaking the magazine tubes. The me'ii were instructed to take only their bolts, revolvers and haversacks, that they might not be impeded b/ a heavy load which would be soon abandoned, affording evidence of the trail, and assist pursuit. As soon as these arrangements were silently made, we desired them to select companions ind to form into parties of three or four, when we gave them the points of direction as nearly as could be determined, and bade them good bye. One of the men made a collec- tion of cartridges and brought me a charge for two revolvers. I shall never forget the kind act. About forty men departed in this manner, the rest, being too much exhausted, remained on the ground and surren- dered themselves next morning. The negroes we had to abandon to their fate. After all who could do so, had with- drawn, Major Cooke, Lieut. Bartley, myself and three scouts, took our departure, which we effected by creeping on hands and knees for about half a mile, between the different parties and posts of the Rebels. We traveled until daybreak when we secreted ourselves in a jungle of i) . I 1 m 112 Historic Records. young pines, where we passed the day principally in sleep, which we greatly needed. When night returned we re- sumed our journey. After traveling several miles we con- cluded to stop at an isolated cabin to procure food. We entered the place and found an old man, overseer of the plantation, and his wife. They consented with apparent willingness to give us supper, and prepare a supply of food to carry with us, for which we offered to pay liberally. The old man built a blazing fire and we all gathered around the hearth to infuse a little warmth into our benumbed limbs. Suddenly the door was opened and before we could grasp our pistols from beneath our clothing, where we bad carried them, to keep them dry, the room was filled with soldiers, who demanded our surrender, and we were forced to comply. The lead • of the party was the owner of the plantation, captain of home guards, and Rev. Mr. Bagley, pastor of a Baptist church. This gentleman of three-fold calling took us to his own house near by, where a plentiful supper was already prepared for his band, who had been beating the woods all day in search of our fugitives. The chagriu occasioned by our escape from their well contrived ambush had stimulated their exertions, and they had been rewarded with almost comploto success, only three of our party making good their escape. The country was completely aroused. Every man, and even women, children and dogs took part in the search. We were apparently objects of great interest. Numbers came to gratify their curiosity with a view of us. Our captors guarded us most assiduously, pistol in hand, or, while engaged at supper, kept them beside their plates. Major Cooke asserts that the parson said grace with a cocked revol- ■''•.' ^ ■■-■■•' -'?^^s«»^jss*a^!igi«%fi^iii^ji^^ ^ TiFTH New York Cavalry. 118 pally in sleep, turned we re- miles we con- re food. We verseer of the with apparent supply of food liberally. The :ed around the lumbed limbs, ve could grasp (re had carried with soldiers, ced to comply, the plantation, y, pastor of a id calling took ul supper was en beating the The chagrin trived ambush been rewarded of our party as completely dreu and dogs ist. Numbers J of us. Our land, or, while plates. Major , cocked revel- er in his hand. After supper we were removed to the "best room," where shake downs were prepared, and we viewed with great satisfaction the arrangements for a good right's rest. Our slumbers were guarded by five vigilant parti- sans, sitting cross kneed with leveled revolvers. Twice (luring the night I was aroused by the ceremony of changing guard, but found them always on the alert, a pistol being brought to bear upon me the moment my eyes opened. They were .withal courteous enough, except that tliey would inflict upon us their views on the secession and war questions, and scoff at the folly of attempting to conquer the South, and while treating us with no small degree of deference, would assert their profound contempt for Yankees universally. Next morning, after a breakfast the precise counterpart of supper, and which 1 hold in grateful remembrance to this day, and reverted to in imagination many a time during subsequent days of short commons, the parson politely but firm'y demanded our watches, and other articles of personal property, which were handed over with no little reluctance and indignation. Seeming to think that some apology was necessary for conduct so plainly in violation of both clerical and military character, he explained that his loss had been very great, and " that it was his only means of making him- self whole." Besides, he remarked, if he did not get the plunder it would be taken from us in Richmond, and he might as well have it as the officials there, who were all thieves and raacals. "Well, perhaps the parson was right. He certainly estimated his Richmond friends at tht' true stand- ard of morality. From these people we learned .the particulars of Dahl- 10 ' 1 • t ' 'if? -• Iff 114 Historic Records. gren's fate.i His body was found perforated with five bullets, and his death had been instantaneous. One of them, a physician, au intelligent, and in appearance, respectable man, assured me that the remains were buried in a decent manner. He said that the best joiner in the neighborhood had been employed to make the coffin, which was of stained wood, the best material available. He alro stated that it was the universal wish to give a fitting burial to so gallant a soldier. It was an after thought which doubtless eminated from Richmond, to disinter, and heap wrath and indignity upon the senseless corpse of a dauntless foe. We were subsequently informed that the body had been mutilated before burial by a Lieut. Hart, 7th Virginia cavalry, who severed one of the fingers to possess himself of a valuable ring worn by tie colonel; but the act was regarded as so disgraceful, that several soldiers of the same regiment who witnessed the act and informed us of it, said that the scoundrel deserved to be shot. After breakfast Friday morning, March 4th, we were turned over to Capt. Magruder of the cavalry, who escorted us to Biohmond, a distance of forty miles, where we arrived Saturday evening, foot sore and hungry, to be transferred to the tender mercies of Major Thomas P. Turner, and his 1 As our book goes to press (November, 1866) we find a telegram in the papers, relating to the remains of Col. Dahlgren, which we gladly insert in our pages. The search for his remains was long and earnest, and finally successful. *' Philadelphia, Penn., Nov. Ist. The remains of Col. Ulrio Dahlgren laid in state in Inde- pendence Hall during the night and the funeral took place this morning. Among the distinguished mourners were Admiral Dahlgren, Generals Meade and Humphries and Major Henry." ^ ted with five One of them, se, respectable id in a decent neighborhood was of stained stated that it 1 to so gallant tless euiinated and indignity be. We were een mutilated i cavalry, who of a valuable regarded as so regiment who said that the 4th, we were J, who escorted lere we arrived 8 transferred to urner, and his e find a telegram tlgren, which we emains was long ihia, Penn., Nov. in state in Inde- took place this 8 were Admiral [ajor Henry." \ '^'?!}. W^*f^-^%7ss< . ^ - »^>f mf>^m*tn--mv'm»fv/fmi^^^ \ Fifth New York Cavalry. 115 fellow Samaritan, Inspector Dick Turner, who provided us with a dungeon in the cellar of Libby Prison, where we were considerately informed we should remain until arrangements were completed to hang us. It would be improper to conclude this paper without alluding to the good conduct of the men of the Fifth New York. Through the entire raid their behavior elicited fre- quent and earnest commendation from Col. Dahlgren, and reflected credit upon the regiment. But all connected with the expedition did their duty well, and if gallantry or endurance could have won success they would not have failed to grasp it. All entered ardently into the spirit of the enterprise, inspired by the example of the " one legged colonel," whose noble memory no Eebel vandal can ever mutilate or tarnish. Casualties of the 5th N. Y. Cavalry. Lieut. H. A. D. Merritt, Co.K, captured, escaped from prison, Co- lumbia, S. C, November 28, 1864. Corp. Alfred Richards, Co. I, captured, survived, and was exch'd. Pvt. Charles F. Smith, " " " « <• « « " John A. Lundin, Corp. George Munroe, Pvt. John Phillips, " James D. Dowd, " David Howe, " Franz Briell, Sgt. John Hardy, Pvt. Frank Wood, " Herman Harmes, Farrier James Welsh, •« K, Pvt. George Tresch, " " March 4>. 116 Historic Records. here when the raiders left. To-day they were attacked near Fields' Ford, by bushwhackers, and severely handled. March Wth. Our pickets were again attacked near Southard's Cross Roads, but succeeded in driving the eueuiy away, after a brief engagement. March 12I«adow Bridge, and, in the midst of a drizzling storm of sleet and hail, bivouacked with his weary troopers. Scarcely had the bivouac fires begun to illuminate the darkness of tho night, when Hampton's Legions made a desperate attack upon our forces. All that dreary night our men marched, and, continuing their journey the next day, they passed by Old Church, where they scattered the last band of Rebels that hung upon their rear. The march was continued down the Peninsula. Annoyed only occasionally by bush- whackers on their way, our boys finally found safety and rest in the department of General Butler, near Yorktown. The division was brought in transports to Alexandria, whence it marched to its camps at Stevensburg. March 14/A. The veterans left this morning for home on their thircy-five days' furloughs. They were a happy com- pany. April 22d. Our division of cavalry, with a large force ri>»jitw;-^)iJj?^^^|S5V?y Jg?»'%»!s!>r,0>^->«^'- -^^^ ,-~t^ 'W ;re attacked iy handled, tacked near g tlie enemy lers returned liouts of joy. Kilpatrick ^ifications of A vigorous the general perfidy of a ne. At night y at Meadow of sleet and Scarcely had •kness of the )erate attack uen marched, dey passed by md of Rebels as continued ally by bush- ad safety and ar Yorktown. I Alexandria, g- ; for home on a happy com- a large force 1 k C A^. c, »=.- ' _ ; ' ^ Z*^ ^' . f II ' 116 Ih ■ ■ :«is Recovds. {..■rf. «'. :. i;j« ■■ .-iit-r'. '>••». To J":? !^u^y wern attack«.-i ■j«u: F ■ : ■ '-i '*' .mrfhwH^ti.-*'!*. »U''' severely hiiDdle4,i.iit. suoceoded it. siriviug the eaeuij' j; brief eimagei««ttt. ./«:,.;/. 1'2«u! wa leara the following part.iottI(»rr . Kilpaipck moVKil his couuiiaud rapitily, reachiug thu furtificationv of 'li.hiuond in the aftAirnoou of March Ist. A vigo^.•}* att^ick wuF made on Uicsa fortified Ymua, while the geii<.rjii waited, t'^ hear fro la Dtthlgren, who,' by the prQdy wf * guide, fmUid s^.i fuifill hi part of the prugrttir.iuo At lUjc^A Ktiy..M'!k withurevv. cTt«jsi«w }ti.'i"f , »uwn the l'tcker« oa ib^F «sy, our boj8 finally fouud isifety aui raft! in the departwsnt of acnoral Butler, near York town The diviaioii was bruu^ht in transports to Alesundriii, .(■hence it njarched to it"' ",amps at Stov6n*burg. '^a- " Hth. The veterans le^t this Dio-aiug for home vU tht"./ thirty five daya' furloughs. They were a happy com- pany Aprif SJ.»v-««»'(jJ5|^W»Jt^*^¥¥.\^^ roly hiiodleri att<)(;keil u-imr iug the cuctji- liders rctunwi sboutfl of joy r. Kilpatr'i^i;. )rtifications oi' le the gen<.»ai e parfidy i,i % niu« At nifc'jl iiiV at Mea-irw tu of sleet a) id Scarcely hud larkhiv^s of tiw iip^'riit.' attn;4 in. ia T^'AA coutirju>"i. jually by hw&h- luud Kiifety au.i near York to wn to Alfsundiiii, arg. ug for lionie vU ■e a hiippy c(nw- th a large fortft C1r,/-fi*' ^-i'-i^-t-t; J. 1:1 I'' A 4- si 3 1 la fit? I. \4 F Is I t I '. ruL,:- -^^^^t :.: ^ ■-: ■ >,. ■'^*?(?!5*»rSW!f»'-' •"flP'wtvi, Fifth New York Cavalry. 119 of infantry, appeared in review before Lieut. General Grant, on the Plains of Stevensburg. The army is very unthusiastic over its oommander-in-chief. Some change lijLs recently taken place in our cavalry. Gen. Eilpatrick iia8 been asHigned to a larger command in the west, and Gen. .John H. Wilson succeeds him. Gen. Davies is also removed to some other position, and Col. Molntosh commands the first brigade, which is now composed of the 18th Pennsyl- vania, Ist Connecticut, 2d New York, and 5th New York. April 29t/t. Orders were issued early this morning to break up winter quarters, preparatory to the campaign, which is about to open. The regiment moved about half a mile, near brigade headquarters, which are in the house of a Mr.^ Rosa. ^Vay 2d. The day had been fine until about five P. M., with only an occasional cloud, which floated lazily through the sky. At this time a terrible commotion of the elements was observed in the west, and heavy clouds of dust arose from the hills about Culpepper, and swept down over the plains in the direction of our camps. In an incredibly short time from its appearance, the tornado struck us, with a fury and force seldom witnessed. Scarcely a tent was left standing, while pieces of tents, shelters, boards, articles of clothing, papers, &o., were flying on the wings of the wind. At times the dust suffocated and blinded us. Horses broke loose from their fastenings and ran about in wild dismay. Men laughed at each other's calamities or ran to each other's relief. This carnival of winds continued about twenty minutes, and was followed by a cold rain, which fell upon our unsheltered heads. With much difficulty some shelters wero replaced, and a tolerable night's rest was enjoyed. 'i i 'i'i Mi i,1 a^^lfelKstffe ■ % ^ A'S*4»V TS'-Zi s-.-^l CHAPTER Vni. Array of the Potomac. — Qood Condition. — First Steps of the Great Campaign under Qen. Qrant. — The Fifth New York opens the Dattle of the Wilderness at Parlter's Store. — Detailed at Army Headquarters. — Scenes at the Hospital. — Lines of Battle. — Second Day. — Lee breaks our Lintr twice. — Is Repulsed. — Col. Hammond Ordered to Qermania Ford. — Is Placed in Com- mand of Provisional Brigade of Cayalry. — Brings up Rear on First Left Flank Movement. — Skirmishes on the Ny and Po Rivers. — Affair at the Maltapony. — Sergeant Sortore Killed. — His Burial. — Battle of Milford Station. — A. Stratagem at Little River. — Vast Forests of Virginia. — Battle of Ashland Station — Dark, Muddy March along the Pamunkey — Tedious March iu Roar of a Supply Train. — Men Sleep on their Horses. — At Charles City C. H. — Fight at White Oak Swamps. — Jfay 8d to June 16M, 1864. The Army of the Potomac had never been in as good condition as Gen. Grant found it in the spring of 1864. All winter long its ranks had been filling up, and its drill grounds around the camps had been thoroughly trodden. " Numbers and thorough discipline" had been the motto of its masters. The rank and file were largely made up of veterans, who had seen service for three years of hard cam- paigning, and who had reenlisted for three yxirs more, if their services were needed all that time. This was a great element of power. The supplies from the quartermaster and commissary departments Wf^re abundant and generally ^««!»f.Wi»»«»»w >»fsnr!^"5'A-3^ Fifth New Youk Cavalry. 121 . First Steps of the ifth Now York opens ). — Detailed at Army Lines of Battle. — le. — Is Repulsed. — — Is Placed in Com- -Brings up Rear on on the Ny and Po int Sortore Killed. — \. Stratagem at Little B of Aehland Station ■ — Tedious March in their Horses. — At Swamps. — Jfay 3rf r been in aa good 16 spring of 1864. ng up, and its drill horoughly trodden. been the motto of largely made up of years of hard cam- hree jp<\rs more, if This was a great the quartermaster dant and generally pr.tisfactory. Great confidence was reposed in our military leaders, who had shown themselves worthy of the positions tlii'y occupied. The Lieutenant General, under whoso im- mediate superintendence this army was about to move, was everywhere received with the most enthusiastic applause, while no one doubted but that he could plan a campaign and execute its movements with an ability equal to any general of the ago. Such was the Army of the Potomac on the 3d of May, when it received orders to bo ready to move at 12 o'clock that night. Day by day, as we had watched the smoke ascending from the camp fires of the Rebel army just across the rapid river, we had gathered fresh inspiration ; and we knew that but a shoit journey would bring ns face to face with our confident enemy, whom we expected to drive be- fore us. The order for preparation to move was obeyed readily throughout our camps, and but a few minutes past 12 at night the bugles sounded " To Horse," and the cavalrymen were ready for the march. The third division moved down to Germania Ford, where it forded the stream early on the morning of the 4th, and the rising sun shone upon its flags, already borne over earthworks which the enemy had used on former occasions, but which we now found deserted. The enemy's plan seems to have been this — to place no obstacle to our advance, and when the army was fairly across the river, and had entered the wilderness country, to fall upon it, break its ranks, and compel a hasty and disas- trous retreat. But in this he had mistakenhissubjects, aa the sequel proved. The cavalry advanced on the plank road toward Ghan- '1 \, i?'4>" 122 lIisTouic Records. oollorsville, just beyond WilJcrnoss Tavern, where the plank road from Orange Court House intercepts thif. Here the Fifth New York wan detached from the division and ordered to proceed to Parker's store, where it was to establish a Btrong line of pickets. Meanwhile the cavalry corps, now under command of Gen. Sheridan, set out on a grand raid toward lliohmond, often meeting and defeating the enemy's cavalry, and killing its chief, Oen. J. E. B. Stuart, May 5th. Occasional shots were fired during the night, and, at the break of day, a heavy column of Rebel infantry made ita appearance on our front. The whole line soon became desperately engaged. This was the first blow of the great battle of the Wilderness. For this honor the regiment paid dearly. Having sent word to General Meade that a heavy column of infantry was advancing, and that he would " check them as long as possible," Col. Hammond kept the regiment well in line, encouraging the men with his presence and action. Many of the men were dismounted, and their Spencer carbines made the dense woods ring, and told with fearful effect upon the enemy. Prisoners, afterwards captured from this attacking division, swore that a whole brigade must have been in their front. Fighting with a during rarely equaled, and compelled to fall back belbre superior numbers, we nevertheless held them at bay for five hours, until relieved by a portion of the Gth Corps. Our service had been most important to our army, but the regiment had suffered a loss of 13 killed, 22 wounded, and 24 known to have been inpturcd, besides 15 or 20 from whom tidings have never since been heard. They were probably killed. Among those known to have been killed was Captain L. McGuinn, Co. A, a most gallant young 1 .:^-''""-'' rr Fifth New Youk Cavalry. 128 , where the plank thif. Here the ision and ordered ras to CBtablirih a avalry corps, now ; on a grand raid iting the enemy's i. Stuart, luring the night, of Rebel infantry whole line soon the firBt blow of ir this honor the word to General as advancing, and as possible," Col. , encouraging the r of the men were I made the dense t upon the enemy, attacking division, en in their front, i compelled to fall eless held them at portion of the Gth irtani to our army, of 13 killed, 22 urcd, besides 15 or been heard. They to have been killed lost gallant young officer. A correspondent of the N. Y. Ilerald makes his bow to the regiment, on this occasion, and says: " The Fifth New York Cavalry was detached from Colonel Mcintosh's command for duty under the immediate orders of General Meade. This was a compliment well earned by its gallant conduct at I'arker's store. It is under the com- mand of Colonel Hammond, one of the best officers in the service." The regiment 'having reported to General Meade, was ordered to bivouac just in the rear of the old Wilderness Tavern. But now came the care of the wounded. In am- bulances, when they could bo secured, or on stretchers, they were conveyed to the hospital, established only about a milo in rear of the line of battle, at a small house in the woods. Some of the poor fellows were fearfully mangled. Private Anson Jones, Co. A, had his left arm completely fractured from the elbow to the shoulder. He died from the ampu- tation. 1st Sergeant Cross, Co. L, had likewise a broken arm. Private Charles Westerfiel4, Co. 13, had a fractured thigh, which, however, was saved from the amputating blade. But the most terrible wound to look upon was that of pri- vate John W. Slyter, Co. K. A ball had passed through his mouth, tearing it out at least one inch back on both sides, breaking out most of his teeth, and cutting the tongue down to the root, though the end still hung to its place, a helpless appendage. He survived the awful shock, and was afterwards transferred to the Invalid Corps, subse- quently known as the Veteran Reserve. But time would fail us to specify even a hundredth part of the mutilation which was presented at the hospital on that terrible day. In the deep wilderness the" battle was raging fiercely. I, ■ . ■ j'rS., II i:l V J~,™- 124 Historic Records. From the battle line to the hospital was constantly passing a train of ambulances laden with our suflForing comrades, wounded in cv.^ry conceivable manner from the crown of the head to the soles of the feet. Occasionally a groan escaped from some poor dying follow, whose last word or little token of remembrance, such as a daily perused Testament, or cher- ished portrait, had been deposited with some more fortunate comrade to be sent to friends far away, to testify that even in death they were not forgotten. Remarkable, however, is the stillness of the hospital. How calmly the brave boys endure the wounds received in defense of their beloved country I How cheerfully even they approach the amputat- ing taole, to awake from the operation with the painful consciousness of loss of limbs, which no artificer cau fully replace. Now and then there comes from the battle field a wounded man who is able to falk, and who supports with one hand its bloody, mangled mate. At times, two men may be seen approaching^ supporting between them their less fortunate companion, whose bloody garments tell that he had faced the foe. By every means possible our wounded were brought from the field of carnage to be cared for at the hospital, but in the vast multitude of disabled ones many were left, who afterwards sufiered from fires which broke out and ran far and wide among the dry leaves of the woods. The line of battle to-day was somewhat in the form of a horseshoe. General Grant having the inner circle. His headquarters, near General Meade's, were well up toward our extreme right. General Lee's attack was mostly on the extremo wings, but with greater fury on our left. Amid the roaring of the musketry, which continued till late at instantly passing foring comrades, the crown of the a groan escaped rd or little token stament, or cher- le more fortunate testify that even cable, however, is f the brave boys of their beloved )ach the amputat- with the painful no artificer cau [le battle field a rho supports with t times, two men ;en them their less its tell that he lad aur wounded were cared for at the aabled ones many es which broke out es of the woods. ,t in the form of a inner circle. His ire well up toward : was mostly on the 1 our left. Amid ntinued till late at JS^.*^'iysa*r?#*«i«^;^S*'«^^*"'^^^ 1 Fifth New York Cavalry. 125 night, the regiment sought rest not a mile from the line of battle, near our left flank. May Qth. The opening day looked on the renewal of the conflict. Each antagonist, rousing every slumbering element of power, seemed resolved upon victory or death. All day long they struggled for the mastery. So dense was the forest where they fought, that artillery could scarcely be used, and the lines of battle were only a few yards apart. About noon General Lee threw a heavy force upon our left with the design of turning our position. The onset was partially successful. The 9th corps (General Burnside's) re- ceived the shook, and was broken ; but the repulse was only ■momentary. Bringing up his reserve and gathering his broken lines, the general hurled them against the exultant foe, driving him bacK, and regaining the ground which had been lost. Gen. Lee, having failed upon our left, repeated the operation with redoubled fury, upon our right, just at night. His endeavor, for a time, gave promise of success. The old 6th corps, in which the utmost confidence had been placed by the commanding general, was posted in this im- portant position. Notwithstanding its former prestige, it could not withstand the terrible blows that were dealt upon it. For a time, the rout that followed threatened disaster. General Grant's headquarters were soon within musket range of the advancing Rebels, and doubtless would have been removed to a safer place, had not the general " resolved to fight it out on this line." His band was quickly advanced in the woods as far as possible, where it struck up Yankee Poodle. Inspired by the notes, which sounded clearly on the evening air, our men were reformed, and, with a wild Li M >♦ i-fi ' i^ .•! ii IT" ^ 126 Historic Rkcohds. shout of battle, they charged the enemy, and drove him back to his former lines. The regiment had been ordered from the left to the right wing, just in time to prevent the stragglers from our broken lines passing far to the rear. After our position was reestablished we rested for the night. May 1th. Early this morning, the following order was received : ; li^AD QtJABTBES, 6th Army Corps, ") May 7th, 1864. / Col. Hammond, Commanding 5th N. Y. Cavalry : Gen. Sedgwick directs (in accordance with orders from headquarters Army Potomac and General Grant) that you move forward and remain as far as possible near Germania Ford, and report immediately any movements of the enemy. Be sure that no force of the enemy crosses the plank road without notifying General Sedgwick at once. By command of Major General Sedgwick, C. A. Written, Major and A. A. A. G. The regiment marched to th ^ vl on receiving the order, and picketed the road, with > > nthax cavalry regiments, which we found posted on m.- . , .^i 2 p. M. an attack was mr,de with cavalry and ligut v- .'»r>»«*j^^^ , Fifth New York Cavalry. 129 about Spottsylvania Court House. Just at night the regi- ment march'^d through terrible mud and dark forests, near army headquarters, not far from Spottsylvania. May Ibfh. The regiment was ordered to the extreme left. Grazed our ho'rses near Massaponax Run, and advanced near the church that bears this name, where we had a slight brush with the enemy. Mai/ 16th. Advanced beyond the church, and drove the enemy's cavalry across the Ny river, after a lively skirmish. A heavy force of the enemy was found on our front. May nth. The following order in General Meade's own handwriting was received and preserved : Headquarters, Army of the Potoraivo, "l 1, 30 p. M., May 17th, 1864. f Col. Hammond, Fifth New York Cavalry : Colonel : Your dispatch reporting a superior force of the enemy at Guineas Station received. I send you Lieut. Col. Chamberlain, Ist Massachusetts, with 1,200 men from Dismounted camp. You will take command of these men and endeavor to drive back the enemy's cavalry and destroy the depot at Guineas. Also advance on their right flank and ascertain all you can of the enemy's position and force. Respectfully Yours, Gbo. G. Meade, Major General. Among the men above mentioned were about one hun- dred and fifty of our veterans. This combined force advanced as ordered, and found the enemy strongly posted on the banks of the Po river. A severely contested engage- ment followed, in which we lost Capt. Bryant (captured, ' » 4. r'N VJ 180 Historic Recohds. though at first supposed killed), and others. The main force returned to its bivouac, and the Fifth spent the night on picket. May \%th. Another reconnoissance was made to the Po, where the enemy still continues iu force. A^hort skirmish followed. Our men returned unhurt. May 19/A. Orders were received this afternoon to be ready to move at eleven at night. The column of cavalry, with a battery of artillery, moved out precisely at the hour, ic the direction of Bowling Green. Having gone about four miles, the main column was countermarched, though the Fifth continued to near Fredericksburg, and returned, traveling all night. May 20«rvw^,».*IW'?P««WSwvSi?oii«»j«?^^ Fifth New York CavajuKv. 188 York had the advance. Flankers were seni out, and the advance guard was placed in command of Ist Sergt. S. W. Sortore, Company E, who moved boldly forward. Enter- iiig the woods, which skirt the river, along whose banks runs the road to Bowling Green, another road was found turning to the right across the river, which the fleeing Rebels had taken. The sergeant advanced to cross the bridge, but found that a portion of it had been removed, rendering it impassable. He had no sooner halted, than a fatal bullet from a Rebel, concealed in the thicket beyond, pierced his manly breast. In less than fifteen miuutes he was dead. Wrapped up in his blanket, we buried him under a beautiful swamp willow, only a few of his many friends being permitted to assist in his burial. While this was being done, the bridge had been rebuilt, companies A and B had been sent out to drive the Rebels back and picket this road, and the column had passed on toward Bowling Green. A short halt was made m this pleas.:nt little village; and the column moved again to Milford Station, which was taken after a severe engagement. The regiment behaved handsomely in this fight, which resulted in the capture of six officers and sixty-si's privates, and the dispersion of the entire force which guarded the station. In the depot were found some stores of the Rebel quarter- master and commissary, which were readily appropriated. On the ground whence we had driven the enemy by hard fighting, we built our bivouac fires and rested. May 22d. About 3 p. M. we were ordered to New Bethel Church, across the Mattapony, where we found excellent grazing for our horses. May 23J. "Boots and sadc^es" sounded at three o'clock. 'v ' I* t 1 . i w ir •i&i>^,sifi;k;o#M>ii«';?.?;j^_,-4a:'. «J^-MiA 184 IIiSToiiic Rkcoeds. and by daylight the column was in motion, toward Hanover Junction. Not fur from the North Anna river, just below Mt. Carmel Church, the enemy in force was encountered. A desperate fight ensued, which resulted in a general en- gagement, during which the Rebels were driven from thoir strong position along the North Anna. The battle contin- ued till nine o'clock at night, ending with a terrible cannonade. May 2ith. We were ordered to the extreme right, where, after crossing the North Anna, we had a flying skirmish with the enemy's cavalry. Mat/ 2bth. The regiment reconnoitred the enemy's po- sition on the Little river. Fell back from the river to the Virginia Central rail road, which our men are effectually destroying. The fire of the ties, culverts and bridges makes a line of lurid light along the evening sky. May 26th. We rested in bivouac until about sundown, when we were joined by the division, just returned from Sheridan's great raid, which commenced with the opening of the campaign. At night we skirmished with the enemy at some of the upper fords of the Little river, and made a feint of crossing. To complete the deception, fences, boards, and everything inflamable within our reach, were set on fire to give the appearance of a vast force, just building its bivouac fires. While we were thus making a feint of lively work on the right, and keeping the attention of the enemy, General Grant effected his third left flank movement, which brought his base of supplies at W bite House Landing. After the accomplishment of our stratagem we fell back, crossed the North Anna river on a bri"--v/7i;io»:^^^^ f,, .ti-f....^- "^^^^i^> ''**^r^ ?• .Fifth Nkw York Cavalhy. 135 fitroyed behind us, and bivouacked, about two hours past midnight, Mdj/ 21th. Throe or four hours only had the weary boys to rest, and the bugles sounded the advance. Over vast jilains, generally thickly wooded, the column passed, and, after seeini: the smoking ruins of Chesterfield Station, it halted for another rest. As we travel from point to point over this Old Dominion we are peculiarly impressed with the viistness of its fijrests, which cover thousands of acres of as fine arable land as can be found upon the continent. How different is this from the impressions we had formed of Virginia when reading of its early settlement, and of its agricultural advantages. But when we look into its system of land owning — wherein we find one individual monopo- lizing a vast territory, — and into its worse system of labor, we need search no further for the causes of this backward- ness in agricultural pursuits. Who does not sincerely hope that the time is at hand when the rich acres of this great state shall be more properly divided among its inhabitants, and, when freed from a burden and curse which has long paralyzed their energies, instinct with new life and enter- prise, the people will realize the true dignity of labor. Then will the almost interminable forests disappear, and in their places the industrious yeoman will behold his rich fields of waving grain. Then too, along its now useless .-streams and swift water courses, will spring up the factory and the mill, whose fabrics will bring wealth and prospe- rity io the nation. May 2%th. Our march was resumed at an sarly hour, and continued as usual through vast woods, with only here and there a plantation. For want, of forage and rest, many "'!.■ i 4 i !C 136 lllSTOUIC llKCORDb. horHCH ).^ave out by the way. It is womlorful bow long tbeso faitbl'ul animals carry tboir riders witb tbeir kit, oven after overtaxation of muscles bos nearly destroyed tbem. Ou they plod, fearful of being abandoned by their mates, until strength has entirely departed, and they qu'vcr beneath their load, and would fall, if not relieved. On a march like this, these " played out " horses are invariably shot, lest they might fall into the hands of the enemy, and, in a few weeks of care, become serviceable. The column halted for the night at a small settlement called Mangohick, where a good rest was enjoyed. Miiy 20th. A pleasant march brought us at an early hour to Locust Grove, '^ar the Tamunkey river. Some corn was foraged from tl --ounding country for our horses. Mat/ 30//t. C -y, by almost constant fighting, our noble army has been advancing through the enemy's country, until to-day our artillery is plunging its shells very near the door of the Rebel cupitol. Our forces have taken possession of Mechanicsville, and established their lines not far from Cold Harbor. About ten A. M. the regiment was detailed to march to Dunkirk, to guard a supply train, which was expected. The journey was performed and the train brought in before night. ^ May Slst. We moved early to Dabney's Ferry, where we crossed the Pamunkey on pontoons, and advanced toward Hanover Court House. The enemy's outer cavalry pickets were encountered at Signal Hill, whence they were driven, after a lively skirmish. Gen. Rosser, a Rebel cavalry chieftain, here took a prominent position against us, " fight- ing," in the language of his friends, " for his altars and his il bow long those ir kit, oven after oyed them. On :hcir mates, until quivci" beneath out " horses ore the hands of the .0 serviceable, small sottleuient snjoyed. 8 at an early hour f. Some corn was our horaes. ant fighting, our gh tho enemy's unpins; its shells Our forces have established their tailed to march to 3h was expected, train brought ia 3 Ferry, where we advanced toward ter cavalry pickets they were driven, a llebel cavalry against us, " fight- • his altars and his Fifth New York Cavalry. 187 fires." Ilis residence was in tlio neighborhood. So waa also that of Gen. Wickbum, another llebel cavalryman. After Hcuutiiig the neigiiborhood, and picketing the main mads, till dark, tlio whole division was moved toward Hanover Court House. June Ist. Tho enemy strongly contested our advance, and quite a skirmish was fought at the Court House. In tiie early morning this force was driven, and the division moved on to A.' 'lel infanfry was encountered. So masterly had been conducted this flank movement across the James river, that the R< Is were deceived as to its object. Expecting 'hat a strong force would advance on Richmond by way * Malvern Hills, on the north side of the James, they had sent a corresponding force to meet it. It was this force which we met. A hotly contested battle followed. Engageil ith numbers far greater than our own, and infantry a ,.it, wo suffered a it*" % ' if'i'ii i£»;&i ?■**C*Tfift^'5yfaw(.' . 142 IlisTORic Records. heavy losp and were compelled to fall back, which we did in good order, bringing most of our dead and wounded from the field. At St. Mary's Church was established a hospital, and in the fields and woods adjoining, the division went into bivouac. A heavy picket line was thrown out in the direction of the swamps. June \&th. The regiment was detailed on picket this morning, where it remained all day. At night all the pickets were withdrawn, and the division was moved to Wyanoke Landing on the James, where we arrived after a long, toilsome match, a few hours before day. ■f'^^^r^^lJZ ?liich we did in wounded from ihed a hospital, ! division went own out in the on picket this t night all the was moved to arrived after a »-ter-.^WSSEi1iff.;-Wj.r^c^a(giSi-8;3fc/flt?££; CHAPTER IX. CroBging the JamQS River. — Pleasant Scene. — The Wilson Raid. — First Day. — Battle of Nottoway Court House. — The Danville Railroad. — What we Destroyed. — The Contrabands. — Battle of Reams Station.— The Swift Retreat— Awful Scenes.- The Author's Personal Adventures. — Is Dismounted in the Woods. — Travels by Night and Rtsts by Day.— Narrow Escapes. — Assist- ed by Negroes. — Reaches our Lines Safely. — Casualties of the Raid. — The Division Ships for Geisboro' Point, D. C. — June nth to August 9th, 1864. June nth. After about three hours' rest we were started on the march again, and about a mile below Wyanoke, and a little above Fort Powhatan, the division crossed the James on a pontoon bridge. This was as pleasant a scene as we had ever witnessed. The broad, smooth river, the crafts of various kinds which had collected at this point and floated BO quietly on the water, the long brid'^e, which, swayed by the current of the stream, formed a gentle, graceful curve, the long lines of cavalry slowly moving to the opfosite shore, and, poured over all, the glad sunshine of tho Sab- bath morning, presented a scene so much in contrast to those rough experiences, through which we had just passed, that every one was delighted, a short rest was enjoyed on the southern bank, during which were issued forage and rations. At three p. m , under a sweltering sun, our march was resumed in the direction of Petersburg. Great destruc- ■J.e M m m m 'Iff*- \iSS'' ',ffl» .r,,«|V,'#,<L£itSm^^ »^t.-i'^.,^£,V .-^^^:,-,-]^j^ Fifth New York Cavalry. 146 People, frijrht- had foreakeu jstroyefi. Had )uses, at least, lown we passed ked about two boys obtained I compelled to they had been a southeasterly : swamps. The t. Sinni Church. )rn, wheat, meat uietly on picket, re to move early Gen. Wilson's gade of cavalry including two At a rapid rate, uented ways, to mand advanced, ation. Ilere the oyed. This work 'esterly course to 1 our faces north- as made and our he Southside rail uds, and destruc- tion of ties, rails, culverts, bridges, &o., began in earnest. The night was soon illuminated by the destroying fires. Our march now lay along the rail road, and was continued as far as Ford's, where we halted about eleven p. M., after capturing two trains, one passenger and one freight. The engines, having been set on fire by means of rails and boards piled around them, made the night hideous with their unearthly shrieks, which continued for several hours, disturbing the rest, which, weary and sleepy, we sought in vain to enjoy. June 23'i!®^f 146 HrsTOHic Records. gapped, a feebler attack was made on our rear guiird at Blacks and Whites. Meanwhile, Gen. Kautz, who had been detached during the night from the main column at Ford's, hud made a successful detour around the enemy, who vainly supposed he was fighting the whole force of raiders at Not- toway, and without opposition, was destroying the junction of rail roads at Burkesville. Thus far Gen Wilson's plana had worked admirably, and success followed in our train. June 24'i: i iiiiiiii li I ' "' ' "'■'■"■""'•'"'""■' ' icffi'i i - I I '' I ' ll M 11 . 11- • 154 Historic Records. nei<'hborliood had been alarmed. Lights were seen at the houses, and dogs made hideous howlings. With terrible pictures of blood-hounds before our thoughts, we quickened our steps. This danger passed, and we were thankful; and our joy was still more increased, when, led by the voice of ^ sinTino- frogs, w:) found excellent water in a field. On leaving this place of refreshing we entered the woods under a beautiful arch of foliage and soon came to Stony creek. Laying aside our garments, and rolling them up in tight bundles, we crossed safely oyer. The water was about four and a half feet deep. Ju?y 2d. About three A. M. we came in sight of several picket fires just ahead of us. We flanked them by turning to the left. At daybreak we came into a large field, and sought refuge in a thicket, though not far from a house. We had but just fallen asleep, when we were aroused by footsteps approaching and voices distinctly heard. Soon the black faces of two slaves appeared through the bushes. This "ave us hope. One of them afterward disappeared, the other continued coming toward us. Before he had seen us, I spoke at a high whisper, " come here," when his big black eye, with its surrounding pure white, fell excitedly upon us. "You're not afraid of Yankee soldiers, are you?" I inter- rogated. " Oh, no, massa," and he walked up by our side. " What's your name ?" "Tom." " Tom what ? Have you no other name ?" " Dunne, massa, dey allers calls me Tom." <' Well, who lives here ? '^iS&'V.'^'j^.jfCvi^. ;■ Fifth New York Cavalry. 155 rere seen at the With terrible i, we quickened B thankful; antl by the voice of ^ in a field. On the woods under to Stony creek. ;m up in tight was about lour sight of several them by turning large field, and r from a house, 'ere aroused by y heard. Soon (Ugh the bushes. ird disappeared, fore he had seen ," when his big e, fell excitedly •e you ?" I inter- )ur side. ?" " Major Malone, whose son is in the Rebel army." " IIow far is it to Reams Station ?" "Two miles an' half." We no'^saw that we were in a critical position, within the Rebel army lines, and on the premises of a prominent Rebel. From Tom we learned that Rebel soldiers frequently came to the house during the day, though not generally at night. He promised to get us some bread, which he did, for which we gave him some money. He also promised to guide us at night across a ford of Rowanty creek, by a way that would soon lead us across the Weldon rail road. The time set for starting was nine o'clock. During the day several cavalrymen were seen passing on the road, which, at one point, was visible to us, and, at one time, a cavalryman rode directly toward us, stopping only a few paces from us. We could hear the breathings of his horse, as we lay almost breathless, on the ground. In this condition we longed for the night. It came at length, but with it came no Tom, for what reason we never learned. This was a sore disappointment. Jitli/ '6d. Having waited for Tom, in vain, until after midnight, we finally started, guided only by the stars. Rowanty creek was soon reached, but at a place so wide and apparently deep, that we durst not undertake to ford. We followed it, until day brought us into a large, muddy dismal swamp. We crossed as we had done at Stony creek. After retiring in the depths of the swamp, we kindled a fire at the roots of an ancient oak, and cooked the last flour we had into bread. Until evening we remained in the swamp, disturbed now and then by the cries of wild hogs, eagles and foxes. When darkness came we moved out of the '' " -'■ r V- nil 11 1 m i i t i i iT ii i T i T^'V/"'^'''''' ' •^V ^ -'. g'-"'" •■'• ;»^'-' 156 Historic liEcoiiDS. r. 'h ■f woods, passed by a farm house, and, having crossed a well traveled road, arrived at the Wcldon rail road. This was at a deep cut, where we could not cross. A picket fire could be distinctly seen at our left. Rapidly we followed the road to the right, until, coming to a depression in the bank, we slid down to the track below. We now found the opposite bank too steep and high to climb. Undaunted, we moved on along the track, and found a place, where, by means of bushes and roots of trees, we got out of this dan- gerous spot. After traveling a few hours the heavens became overcast with clouds, and we were compelled to advance by guess, and finally to stop altogether. July 4th. We had waited for the morning sun in vain, for clouds so obscured the light as to render the points of the compass very doubtful. However, as we had lost time during the night, we concluded to travel as best we could. Along a swamp we found some ripe berries, which we en- joyed. We had not marched long before two Rebel soldiers were seen advancing in a path that would intersect ours at no great distance. We were quickly hidden under the bushes, which abounded. While the boys slept I made a short reeonnoissance, in which I ascertained that we were only a stone's throw from the Weldon rail road again, and near the picket post, whose fire it was probable we had seen the night before. Cautiously we moved out of this place, and continued through the woods to a plantation. In a cornfield a negress was at work. Of her we inquired for direction. Said I, "which way is east?" "Dunno, mossa." " Which way is west ?" A like answer. Fifth New York Cavalry. 157 crossed a well id. This was A picket fire y we followed jression in the now found the Undaunted, we ace, where, by lut of this dan- 's the heavens 8 compelled to ler. ig sun in vain, ir the points of e had lost time best we could. 3, which we eu- ro Rebel soldiers intersect ours at iden under the slept I made a }d that we were road again, and ible we had seen lUt of this place, lantation. In a ' we inquired for " Well, where does the sun rise ?" " There," pointing with her finger. Her master's name was John Slay. Beyond that she seemed to know very little. Our next point of interest was the Jerusalem Plank Road. While standing in the edge of the woods, consulting as to whether it were best to travel much more by day, out rode from the thick forest a cavalryman, whose giugling sabre and accoutrements bespoke danger to unarmed men. He rode quite rapidly by, within three rods of us, and we rejoiced to have escaped his observation. As he disap- peared we lost no time in seeking a quiet, secluded spot, where we waited for the night. Night came on with bright stars, and we journeyed joyfully. At nine p. M. we arrived at another plantation. A light was seen through the cre- vices of a log shanty, and the low voices from within were taken for those of negroes. I knocked at the door, and a voice said, "come in." Opening the low door, I invited a pure African out, and learned that there were none but slaves present. With haste the women began to prepare ua some supper, while we waited without. We were soon invited in, and sat down to a dish of fried pork and corn bread hot from the ashes, to which we did ample justice. This was the first meat we had tasted since the morning of June 29th. After supper we paid them well, their eyes sparkling with delight. From them I obtained a hat. The faithful man Alison then guided us through Jonds' Hole Sw^p, and we crossed thti .Jerusalem Plunk Road near Dr. Proctor's. Alison then left us, wishing us all prosperity, and returned to his master, Fred Raines. July 5th. We traveled spme during the morning at the ;;t''.*T .-'■'w -;5'.*',f-»',i;>t4i)ai(«j«-^-if.7,-»,.. 158 Historic Rkcokdd. ii ,'. right of the phmk road, and rested but little durinj^ the day. At STi.idown we made inquiries of some colored people, and of a Union white man, a rare article in that part of Virginia, who informed U3 that our pickets were only about three miles ahead of us near Lee's Mills, and that the country abounded with guerrillas. We were cautioned to keep in the woods and avoid the road. V/hen darkness came, we advanced. Weary of briars and busUes, on reaching the road, we followed it, carefully watching every suspicious object. Soon something was seen moving ahead of us, which was afterward discovered to be a man. Hoping it might be one of our own men, we quickened our footsteps, and on overtaking him, what was our surprise to find him to be a Rebel soldier, with his musket on his shoulder. My first thought was : this is doubtless a guerrilla, and though alone, by a whistle or other signal, up will spring from the thick bushes along the way as many helpers as ho desires. However, I knew that alone he could not harm us materially, as we walked up by his side, so near that he could not take his musket down, before we could seize him. On approaching him, he turned his head about, and said, " You're Yankees, I reckon." We made no reply but walked on in sad silence. On making a turn in the road wo came in sight of several fires. I broke the oppressive silence by saying, " There's a Yankee camp, I think." " Yes," replied the stranger, "and there's a Yankee picket just ahead of us, and I am going to give myself up to them as a prisoner." The vail was at once lifteid from our pros- pect, and we entered into a friendly conversation. I found that he belonged to the 2d North Carolina cavalry, and had come from IJcants Station, since our ught there. While y^->^''-*.p" •Fifth Nkw Yokk Cavalry. 159 little during; the le colored people, B in that part of 1 were only about Is, and that the cautioned to keep I darkness came, s, on reaching the every suspicious ng ahead of us, man. Hoping it sued our footsteps, •prise to find him on his shoulder. 8 a guerrilla, and al, up will spring nany helpers as he could not harm us I, so near that he ve could seize him. d about, and said, lade no reply but turn in the road wo )ke the oppressive B camp, I think." 'b a Yankee picket 5 myself up to them fteid from our pros- versation. I found na cavalry, and had dght there. While conversing together, wo suddenly came to a stop, at the cry : " Halt '. Who comes there ?" " Friends," cried I. We were soon safely, with our Rebel friend, within the lines of the 3d New Jersey cavalry, where we found old acquaint- ances, and received all proper attention. Almost completely exhausted, we were gladly welcomed to tbe leafy abodes of our old comrades, where we enjoyed full rations and undisturbed sleep. Jiili/ Sth. We reached the regiment, encamped near Light House Point, this afternoon. From them we learned that June 29th, Gen. Wilson retreated south to Jurrett's Station, crossed the rail road, then by an east, northeast, north course, reached our lines after two or three days. Gen. Kautz, more familiar with the country, struck through the woods north of Stony creek, reaching our lines the morn- ing of the 30th. The loss of the command was nearly one thousand men (mostly captured), with the whole artillery and train. Nothing was saved that went on wheels. The loss is less than had been feared, as many, who were account- ed lost, afterward came in as did the writer of these lines. Juli/ I2th. As it needed it, the cavalry has been recruit- ing its energies in quiet camps for several days. However, many of our men were disabled by the raid and have been sent to hospitals, and many dismounted fellows have gone to Camp Stoneman, at Geisboro' Point, D. C. These latter, numbering a little less than one hundred, were engaged in those memorable battles and skirmishes with the Rebel invaders of Maryland and the Jistrict of Columbia, com- mencing with the battle of Maryland Heights, July 6th, and ending with the battle of Kernstown, the 24th, at which time Col. Mullignn was killed. ^.j ;• IGO Historic Records. What remained of the regiment with the division, was sent out at half past three P. M., to picket along Powell'a creek at Cooke'd Mill, several miles down the river. This duty was very easy. July Ibth. Wo were relieved from picket, and returned to camp again near Light House Point. Juli/ 25th. The brigade moved at dusk, to the picket lines at the Gurley House, nearly south of Petersburg. The regiment went on duty, after arriving, establishing its lines nearly parallel with the Weldon rail road. We found the Rebel pickets very quiet and friendly, and a pleasant inter- course was enjoyed. Juli/ 30th. The dawn was ushered in with a terrible explosion and cannonade, making the earth tremble beneath our feet. To these was added a rapid musketry. Expecting an attack, the cavalry withdrew its pickets, and made pre- paration for any emergency. The enemy did not make his appearance on our front. Our infantry lines were engaged for several hours, but the great mine explosion ended very disastrously to our cause, with a loss of many men. Wa returned on picket at night. August 1st. We were relieved from picket, and went into camp near brigade headquarters. August bth. For some days the first division of cavalry has been leaving this department, and taking transports for Camp Stoneman, District of Columbia. This morning the third division received orders to march to City Point, where we were embarked on transports, with our horses. This was a slow, toilsome job. It was nine o'clock p. M. before we were aboard. August %th. The men have enjoyed the day's sail, down J ■iFi-VE^^'^Sr*^'^!;^^-'''^-^-^'' -"' (j5if«;'».-'«?,'''i»w'\;' the division, was it along Powell's I the river. This :ot, and returned sk, to the picket ' Petersburg. The tablisbing its lines d. We found the d a pleasant inter- n with a terrible th tremble beneath sketry. Expecting 3ts, and made pre- r did not make his lines were engaged ilosion ended very ' many men. Wa sket, and went into iivision of cavalry iking transports for This morning the a City Point, where I our horses. This o'clock p. M. before he day's sail, down Fifth New York Cavaluy. 161 the James, up Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac, to Kettle Bottom, where we cast anchor for the night. August 7th. We weighed anchor at early light, and about three P. M. we were landed at Geisboro' Point. We went into camp near Camp Stoneman. August 9th. The boys were made glad by the presence of the paymaster and his greenbacks. Our time is mostly occupied in exchanging our poor horses for good ones, and remounting our dismounted men. This looks like work ahead for the cavalry. CHAPTER X. '5 i 1.1 To the Sbcnfimlofth Valley. — Exciting Scene in Snicker's Gap. — Battle of Summit Point. — Hattle of Kearneysville Station. — Cro.s8inj{into Maryland. — Old John Urown air in Charlestown. — Skirmislics near the Opoquau. — Battle of Winchester. — Drive the Enemy through Front Royal. — Up Luray Valley. — Raid to Staunton and Waynesboro'. — Cavalry Fight at Tom's Brook. — Ba(tle of Codar Creek. — Sheridan's Ride. — Unparalleled Cap- tures by the Regiment. — Gen. Custer's Congratulatory Order. — Keooiinoisaance to Rood's Hill. — Spirited Engagement near Mt. J .ckson. — Regiment Detailed Escort of General Sheridan. — The Fruit of Sheridan's Work in the Valley. —August 12ih to December 8Ut, 1864. Augimt I2th. Orders were issued to the division, to bo ready to move at sundown to its new field of duty. At the appointed hour the bugles were ringing clearly, and the rested cavalrymen were soon gladly on the march. It was after nine o'clock before these well equipped and tho- roughly disciplined squadrons had traversed the streets df the .vtion's iipital, laden with the hopes of every loyal heart. We were now to enter upon a field of operations the glory of which would eclipse all that the cavalry had yet accomplished. Until eleven o'clock we continued our march up the Poto- mac to Chain Bridge, where we crossed into Virginia again, and bivouacked about three miles from the river. Aiiiju^f IStJi. Before daylight the n^iximent was detailed Fifth Xew York Cavalhv. 1G3 ne in Snicker's Gap. — larneysville Station. — D air in Charlestown.— }f Winchester. —Drive Luray Valley. — Raid Fight at Tom's Brook. — e. — Unparalleled Cap- ongratulatory Order. — d Engagement near Mt. f General Sheridan. — alley. —Auguit 12th to the division, to bo w field of duty. At ringing clearly, and lly on the march. It 3II equipped and tho- .verscd the streeta of hopes of every loyal a field of operations I that the cavalry had ur march up the Poto- >d into Virginia again, in the river, ro^iment was detailed to escort Col. Chipnian, a dispatch bearer to Gonciul Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley. Great spec*ion took possession of Bridgewuter about noon. The regiment was on picket till night, when it camped near the town. October 2d. During our rest hero our horses have fared well with the forage, which is abundant all around us, and the men have obtained very comfortable subsistence from the country. Meanwhile, General Wilson has been removed to a large command in the western army, and General Custer has superseded him in the command of the Third division. At noon the command broke camp, and soon after the enemy's cavalry made a dash on our pickets and succeeded in penetrating the town. They were, however, driven back with some loss. Nearly all the aflernoon skirmishing and cannonading have been going on. The regiment had a dark, unpleasant night's picketing along this danger- ous line. October 3 J. On picket till five P. M. We then joined the brigade near Dayton and went into camp. October ith. In retaliation for the murder of Capt. Meigs, son of Quartermaster Gen. Meigs, near Dayton, by some citizen guerrillas, the regiment was ordered to report to Capt. Lee, provost marshal of the division, to burn every building within a circle of three miles from the scene of the murder. This was the most heart-sickening duty we had ever performed. Splendid mansions in great number, in the vicinity, were laid in ashes; but before the work of burning the town commenced, the order was oouu- Fifth Nisw Youk Cavalry. 177 a'mient was rear- 8 Tuado on us and by the way and I of Bridgewater t till night, when borses have fared II around us, and subsistence from has been removed my, and General land of the Third ,nd soon after the ets and succeeded (vever, driven back moon skirmishing I. The regiment along this danger- We then joined amp. •der of Capt. Meigs, : Dayton, by some dered to report to sion, to burn every from the scene of -sickening duty we IS in great number, ut before the work J order was coun- termanded. The execution of such orders, however just and right, has a very demoralizing effect upon tho men. October .>^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) 1.0 I.I HO nil 2.0 llll^ 2.2 1.25 ||M 1.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation & r/u « -^ ^ ^ ^Q V \\ '^'". ^> '"'"^ % ^^ .*:^ 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14530 (716) 877-4503 4 ^v ' ' " ■ ". i J"! 'V!<^ ' ' ' irr '' L ' t(»lWJI'l«9 ! i '< »,j|l'H:mvWIWIJtJgJ» '' » ^ €?< w- CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. ■ CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microraproductions historiquos y m km^ r.s HisTOKic Hecords. rei:ched Fisher's Hill b.!f'ore tiuudovn, and were sest on picket toward Tom's Brook. October 9ih. Annoyed by the frequent attacks of the enemy on our rear guards and pickets, Gen. Custer resolved to drive him from the vicinity. So facing about with his division, this morning he advanced upon Generals Rosser and Lomax in a nn*^ position nf^ai Tom's Brook. This wiis 'i pure cavalry fight, and one of the most spirited of the war. Having properly planted his artillery, and dis- posed his forLe as advantageou.sly as possible, the general ordsr6d the bugles on the entire Hue to sound the advance, and leading the Fifth Now York in person, he made p. dash on tho enemy's central position in the road. Our color bearer, Sergeant Buckley, company C, displayed his usual bravery, bearing our flag close by the side, and, at times, ahead of the general b. With a shout and a dash, with thundering artillery and gleaming sabres, with trusty car- bines tnd Yankee grit, our boys scattered the enemy before them, and won a complete victory. On the pike the First division, GKan. Merritt commanding, made a clean sweep of the enemy's cavalry on t/ieir front. October llth. This afternoon we moved to the pike, passed through Strasburg, and camped, aller dark, near Be'ie Grove, Gen. Sheridan's headquarters. October 13 180 II18T0R10 Records. What was done, what to do, a glance told Lim both ; Then, striking hie spurs with a terrible oath, He dashed dourn the line mid a storm of huzias, And the ware of retreat checked its course there, because The sight of the master compelled it to pause." The tide of battle immediately turned. Every man became suddenly transformed into two men, and the general's pres- ence gave a foretaste of victory. The meeting of' the generals was exceedingly affecting. Hata and caps were thrown into the air, and tears fell from their eyes like rain. Old gray-headed heroes sobbed like girls. Custer, the dar- ing, terrible demon that he is in battle, caught Sheridan in his arms, but was unable to utter a word I It was no time for sentiment. While consulting with his generals the alarming intelligence reached Sheridan that the enemy's cavalry was rapidly moving to flank him on the right. " Custer, I can trust you with the work of driving back this force," he said, after looking around him for a moment. No time was lost, and the work was successfully performed. Inch by inch the Rebel lines gave way, until about sun- set, when our artillery opened along our entire line with a galling fire. Then came the impetuous charge of our entire force, with the usual war-cry, more terrific than cannon's awful bellowing, and then, too, came the disastrous rout of the enemy. At this juncture the ever-ready Third division of cavalry made a grand dash at the fugacious Johnnies. A glance to the rear showed them closed in a solid body, their sabres flashing dimly through tbe smoke of that terri- ble field. No cheering now ; nothing but the thundering tread of the coluFnns, announcing our approach to the enemy, as we swept into the fire. The creek had been forded, and 9i ■''i^^^^^^^M'^^^i&mim^^^miii^mfiti^ Fifth Nkw York Cavalry. 181 oth; 'e, beoanso sry man became general's pres- aeeting of the and caps were eyes like rain. !a8ter, the dar- ;bt Sheridan in It was no time s generals the it the enemy's the right, driving back for a moiaent. illy performed, intil about sun- ire line with a ;e of our entire than cannon's [StrouB rout of Third divisioD lous Johnnies, a solid body, of that terri- ,e thundering to the enemy, in forded, and only half a mile, before we could reach the guns that were belching shot and shell at our troopers. The bugles again sounded the charge, and with a cheer ire rode straight for the foe. It was a maddening timn. The Kebals delivered one fierce volley, and the next ini^aLi, the pitiless sabres of our men and the iron heels of the horses were doing their work. For three miles the charge continued, the bloody ground, the broken m\iskets, the dead and wounded, told its ferocity. Only the darkness of night put an end to the slaughter. Never in this war was so much gained. Sheri- dan's victory was complete. Interesting accounts of extraordinary valor in the regiment may be found in the chapter of registers of companies. The following artiole, with receipt, from t New York daily, ffill show how the regiment behared on this memorable day : Among the regiments that participated in Sheridan's vic- tory of October 19th, none equaled the success of the Fifth New York Cavalry. The followiug interesting and important receiptforproperty,oapturedbytheregimontha8 been issued : Headquarters First Brigade, 1 Third Cavalry Division.Oot. 2lBt, 1864. / Received of the Fifth New York Cavalry, commanded by Major A. H. Krom, twenty-two pieces of artillery, fourteen caiesons, one battery wagon, seventeen army wag6ns, six spring wagons and ambulances, eighty-throe sets of artillery harness, seventy-five sets of wagon harness, ninety-eight Iiorses, sixty-seven mules, captured in action in the buttle of the 19th of October, 1864, on Cedar creek, Va. A. C. M. Penninqton, Jr., Colonel Commanding Brigade. Adjutant's General's Ofiice, Oct. 25, 1864. [A true copy.] E. D. TOWNSEND, A. A. G. ^:> 182 HisTORio Records. To this receipt mighi have been added tvro battle flags and many prisoners. The following congratulatory order was issued and promulgated to h's divisiou by General Custer : Headqisarrcra.Third Division, Cavalry Corps, 'l^ Middle Military Division, October 21, 1864. j Soldiers of the Third Cavalry Division : With pride and gratification your commanding general congratulates you upon your brilliant achieveme nbs of the past few days. On the ninth of the present month you attacked a vastly superior force of the enemy's cavalry, strongly posted, with artillery in position, and commanded by that famous "savior of the Valley," Bosser. Notwithstanding the enemy's superiority in numbers and position, you drove him twenty miles, capturing his artillery, six pieces in all ; also his entire train of wagons and ambu- lances, and a large number of prisoners. Again, during the memorable engagement of the nineteenth instant, your conduct throughout was sublimely heroic, and without a parallel in the annals of warfare. In the early part of the day, when disaster and defeat seemed to threaten our noble army upon all sides, your calm and determined bearing, while exposed to a terrible fire from the enemy's guu8, added not a little to restore confidence to that portion of our army already broken and driven back on the right. Afterwards, rapidly transferred from the right flank to the extreme left, you materially and successfully assisted in defeating the enemy in his attempt to turn the left flank of our army. Again ordered on the right flank, you attacked and defeated a division of the enemy's cavalry, driving him *i«t^«fti>=#»S5si- - Fifth Nbw York Cavalry. iia tro battle flags jratulatory order sion b^ General !avalry Corps, I ober 21, 1864. j Handing general evemeita of the attacked a vastly igly posted, with ' famous "saTior in numbers and ing his artillery, tgons and ambu Again, during tb. instant, your and without a arly part of the •eaten our noble mined bearing, I enemy's guus, that portion of I the right. right flank to fully assisted in ;he lefl flank of k, you attacked ry, driving him in confusion across Cedar creek. Then changing your fVont to the left at a gallop, you charged and turned the left flank of the enemy's line of battle, and punned his broken and demoralized army a distance of iGive miles. Night alone put an end to your pursuit. Among the substantial fruits of this great victory, you can boast ot having captured five battle flags, a lar* aum- ber of prisoners, including Major Gen. Ramseur, an* .brty- five of the forty-eight pieces of artillery taken fro. a the enemy ou that day, thus making fifty-one pieces of artillery wliich you have captured from the enemy within the short period of ten days. This is a record of which you may well be proud, a record won and established by your gallantry and perseverance. You have surrounded the name of the Third cavalry division with a halo as enduring as time. The history of this war, when truthfully written, will contain no brighter page than that upon which is recorded tiie chivalrous deeds, and glorious triumphs of the soldiei-s of the Third division. G. A. Custer, Brigadier General Commanding. Official : Chs. Siebert, Captain aud A. A. Q. On the 19th of September we gave the Rebels a thorough whipping at Winchester; on the 19th of October we repeated the operation with a double dose on Cedar creek, each time with the 19th corps in the centre of the line, giving us an arithmetical assemblage worthy of remembrance by the American people. It was quite late at night when the pursuit was disoon- tinued, and the troops returned to their "old campground." : i. if m. 184 Historic Records. October 20th. The division wont out on a reconnoissaDoe to Tom's Brook on the mountain road, but captured only s few stragglers. The column returned to camp but the Fifth wac left on picket at the Cedar creek neighborhood. Migor Boice took command. i4;^,.ii->.^*-v »-*>.•• * October 2Ut. The 2d OTklo reheTed vm about sundown, and we came near brigade headquarters iuto camp. On the 25th and Slst we took our tour at picketing. .November 6th. The regiment went out on a reconnoissance toward Romney. It returned at night, atter a tedious, cold and fruitlens march. November Sth. The whole army broke camp and moTed near Kernstown, where it is expected we may build winter quarters. November 9th. The first brigade waa sent out on the mountain road near Zion Church, where • picket, Una wu established. .4 1 . v\,c ^.,j..!l. '^' November 12th. The enemy's cavalry (Irore in our pickets this morning, and made their appeal » ^ very near oor camp. The First, brigade went out and drove them beyona Cedar creek, after an exciting engagement. Col. Hull, of the 2d New York, while pushing on at the head of his men, was killed. He was a gallant young officer, who had but recently borne the eagle. He was generally lamented. We returned to our eamps at night, after aerer^ly punishing the enemy, c i; !►. . ii . s&5'5-?E November ISth. A reoonneissance was made to Cedar creek, but the enemy was not discovered. Novemher 21»<. The Second and Third divisions started up the valley on a reconnoissance. The whole force bi- vouacked in and about Woodstock at night. m fi on a reconnoissanoe but captured only a camp but the Fifth )ighborhood. Major OB about sundown, into camp. ir at picketing. : on a reconnoissanee utter a tediona, cold s camp and moved e may build winter 18 sent out on the ) a picket line was 'Irore in pur picketa ■'^ very near onr drove them beyona nt. Gol. Hull, of he head of his men, icer, who had bat ally lamented. :ht, after severely ts made to Cedar d divisions started le whole force bi- It. •; {-At IM (^<' !■;'?> •■■;^- •■< J* i.4i<«»-" Sfc i^ ■«*. vS'-'o :*;!iS8aaMsii^.^, '^^^^^s^^^im^em^f^^i^iSmMiimi^^^M^ Fifth Nkw Yohk Cavalry. 187 m. November 22il. The advance, at Edinburg, captured the Rebel outpust of pickets this uiorning, and as rapidly as pos- sible the wbule furco advanced to the Shenandoah beyond Mt. Jackaun, where a strong picket lino was encountered. The Second divisiun was moved across the river, with a portion of the Third division, and advanced in skirmish line near Hood's Hill, where it developed the power of the enemy, who came out in three well-formed lines of battle. To ascortain the position and force of the enemy was pU we had iutcndod. Having accomplished this to our satisfaction, all we desired was to escape from this force with the least possi- ble injury. This was not done, however, without a hard- fought balt!e. In this engagement the regiment performeu deeds of the most wonderful daring, preventing a flank movement on the column by the enemy's cavalry. About three P. M. we succeeded in dealing our pursuers such a blow, aa to enable us to fall back unmolested. The main force returned to Woodstock, and halted for the night The Fifth, however, was left to picket the rear along Stony creek. The night was very cold, occasioning some suffering. November 2'&d. A cold march, over frozen ground, brought UH buck agcin to our camp near the sources of the Opequan, about three miles from Kernstown. November 24 „ 22 Total 36 Wagons captured at different points 160 Wagons captured at Cedar creek 100 ToUl 260 December 1st. The regiment escorted the general to Sheridan hospital near Winchester, where we witnessed ■ •■AJfU. ]•-'■', i-H^Kr-fi^^^-i^j' -riia-.'|^g«ivl^.^(S^iVj^..i,,;;it.4,.^irf,;^i:V5s^^ ri* Ii 3ffioial8 to get tlie meral said, " What r the seasoQ, wit,h of Qen. Sheridan's Fifth New York Cavalry. 189 the ceremony of a flag raising, a flag presented by the Union ladies of the f«WD. There was a largo and brilliant assem- blage of smiling ladies, andgayly dressed officers, and not a few of our brave boys seated on bench«^8 and chairs, who had lost arms, legs, health, &c., for the proud flag, whose floating to-day they cheered with happy toices, December Uth. We escorted the general to his iiew head- quarters at the Logan mansion in Winchester. The regi- ment was ordered to build wibteic quarters, which work was begun near >h»j town on west side of the road to Martins- burg. Nearly the whole army has constructed or is con- structing its winter qnai ters. December 81rt. The old year is dying, with the pure white snow for her winding sheet and the hoarse winds for her requiem. These are solemn hours to the Christian soldier. Memory recalls the terrible dangers through which he has passed and the awful scenen he has witnessed. His heart swells with gratitude to the Great Preserrer for the gift of safety, and he prays for courage and strength to be faithful and efficient until his work is done. ,1..^ 16 CHAPTEli XL tieneral Sheridan's Last Raid. — Up the Valley — Battle o( Waynesboro". — Many Priftoners. — In Charge oi" the Regi- ment. — RosBer Annoys Rear of Column. — Battle of Rood'i Hill. — RoBser L'e'oated. — Fall of Riohuond. — Lee Surren- ders. — Suburbs of Winchester. — Rebel Soldiers Anxious to be Paroled. — Expedition to Staunton. — Preparation *.o Muster out the Regiment. — Camp Illumination. — Last Order of Col. White. — Journey to Hart's Island, N. Y. Harbor. — The Fifth New Yorlt Cavalry is No More — January l.t to July 26M, 1885. January IQlh. Several of General Sheridan's B<^outs, ac- companied by a detail of the regiment, made a domonstrii- tion on the Rebel pickets, near Edinburg, capturing a good number. Keturuiug tjiey tarried too long at Woodstock, where they were attacked by a large force, the prisoners liberated and some of the party captured. January 22d. An affair quite similar to the above oc- curred at Edinburg Our loss was larger than before. February 23rf. The regiment went out on a reconnois- sance to Newtown, White Post, Millwood, and returned at eleven o'clcsk at night, without seeing even the semblance of an enemy. February 27th. A grand cavalry movement was com- menced to-day, the fruit uf vhich will compare favorably with any other movement during the war. Gen. Sheridan, with the cavalry of the valley, moved out toward Staunton ■"^■ajTv «--i -f^tCA^^M i&^m^^- i^^,h>»&M •t;. alley — Battle of ge oi" the Rcgi. Battle of Rood's d. — Lee Surren- iiers Anxious to aration '.o Muster ast Order of Col. rbor.— The Fifth !o July 26M, 1885. ian's Bi^outs, ac- de a domoostru- !aptur:ng a good ; at Woodstock, >, the prisoners I the above oc- tian before, jn a reconnois- nd returned at the semblance nent wa3 com- ipare favorably Gen. Sheridan, award Staunton Fifth New York Cavalry. 191 about ten o'clock. The regiment accompanied him. Tho column moved as rapidly as possible up the Valley pike, which is one of the finest highways of the country, and in good condition at all seasons of the year. March \st. The advance reached the vicinity of Waynes- boro', the headquarters of General Early, commanding Kobel forces. Here the Third clivision again proved itself worthy of the renown it had. acquired. With his usual daring Gen. Custer advanced his division upon the Rebel camp. All resistance was fruitless. Our men swept around this ill-starred army and enveloped them like fish in a net. Gen, Early barely escaped, by cunningly dodging into a thicket, pursued closely by the horsemen. His staff officers and nearly his entire force fell into our hands, making a total of about 1,400 prisoners. His artillery, camp and garrison equipage and stores were either appro- priated to our own use or destroyed, mostly the latter. This was but the beginning of achievements, which place the name of Sheridan among the first heroes of modern times. Encumbered by so great a crowd of prisoners, the general concluded to send them to the rear by way of Winphester. This was no small task, to guard upward of a thousand men nearly a hundred miles through a country infested by guerrillas, and by the forces of General Rosscr. This task was committed to the Fifth New York, with detachments of other regiments, and a promiscuous lot of dismounted men, and of men whose horses were wcil-nigh "played out," making a command about on'3 thousand strong. Retaining with himself such of the regiment as were orderlies for his staff officers, messengers, color bearers, &o., tlic general pursued his journey over the Blue Ridge, cap- 19S Historic Records. tured cities and prisoners, destroyed rail roads, canals and other public property, eluded the enemy by the swiftness of his motion, and, after inflicting irreparable injury, rested his brave, tired squadrons near White House Landing. But he was ready for the orening campaign near Peters< burg, where he covetod himself and his men with glory, at Dinwiddie, Five Forks and Appomattox, surrounding the enemy at last and compelling him to a hasty surrender, From this digression we return to the main body of the regiment. The roads from Waynesboro', cut down by the train, the pontoon wagons and the artillery, and trampled by the ioog lines of cavalry, were almost impassable. Along these the guard and prisoners floundered, traveling in the fields where they could, and finally rejoiced to have struck the firm macadamized pike near Staunton. Here supplies of floar and meat were obtained in abundance, and the command was prepared to undertake its long, perilous march to Win- chester. At Mt. Sidney a considerable body of Rossor's men made their appearance, and attacked the rear guard. They were repelled after a brief skirmish, during which Edward M uton, company M, had a ball wound his horse and another pass through his canteen full of sorghum, letting out the contents. Occasional shots were exchanged with these pursuers, who hung on our rear, all the way. At Laccy Springs, their numbers having been increased, they made quite a demonstration. This was renewed with new zeal and numbers at New Market, while the force was gathering on every side to contest the passage of the Shenandoah near Mt. JacLson. On the morning of the seventh of March, the i5!«<&«i&fet£-fejgfe*feftl^lK:i*S» Fifth Nbw York Cavalry. 198 roads, canals and by the swiftness of ible icjury, rested House Landing. )aign near Peters- men with glory, at :, sarTounding the 1 hasty surrender, main body of the n by the train, the impled by the long Along these the ling in the fields o have struck the ire supplies of flour and the command ous march to Win- of Rossar's men ear guard. They ing which Edward lorse and another letting out the ged with these way. At Laccy reased, they made ed with new zeal tree was gathering Shenandoah near th of March, the in command was ready to cross the river. The Fifth was sgain rear guard. Gon. Rosser, intent on releasing the prisoners, had collected his force, and, coming down Rood's Hill, charged on the column. Col. Boice, commanding tho regiment, suddenly changed direction, held his men in good line, each reserving his fire uatil the enemy had approached within a few rods, then ordering and leading the charge, be fell with a crushing blow upon the enemy. The John- nies, not expecting such a dash, wneoled about and under- took to fly, but were prevented doing so rapidly on account of the mud of the field where they were. A band to hand contest of unusual excitement followed, in which the most daring deeds were done. Col. Boice, having emptied every chamber of his revolver, unhorsed six Rebel troopers with the butt. The affair resulted, not in the release of the prisoners as fondly hoped by Rosser, but in tho capture of thirty- five of his men, the killing of quite a number, and the dispersion of his entire force. Our boys went on their way rejoicing, and crossed the river unmolested, while a few 0^ the beaten Rebels grinn ad at them from Rood's Hill, beyond carbint range. The remainder of the march was quite pleasant, and the arrival of the column at Winchester, the eighth of March, was hailed with a salute from the First Maine battery. The regiment returned to camp, and the prisoners were sent on to Harper's Ferry. The regiment was now subject to orders from Oen. Hancock, who had the temporary com- mand of the forces in and about Winchester. March 18th. The regiment went on a reconnoissance to Berryville. Deserters from the Rebel lines are daily coming in our own, and giving themselves up. m fsSfe ■4fW^'^ L 194 Historic Kecords. B'i 'March 16 formed quietly, resembling more a picnic party, than an assemblage of warriors. Wo were everywhere received with cordiality, having nothing to offer but " pettce and good will " to all law- abiding oitisens. Farmers are in their fields, mechanics in their shops, merchants display their scanty stores, and a new lifti is manifested on every side. May 9s. The march was per }ionio party, than an h cordiality, having od will " to all law. ■ fields, mechanics in iOty stores, and a new Mnnton, and camped I how readily paroled ' anxiously those who ) rank and file of th« bmission to oar lawi, f, who haye simplj jith two days' rations ders, to Lexington, vernor Letcher, and the 20th. This ex- lotonous life, which to do to keep ap >nd we have acoom- re is a very geBeral sent home at an e sought to dici- ng Weyer's Cave, enandoah. t-General's Office, rrice expires pre- umber of our men ibard in manv in- Fifth New York Cavalry. 197 stances to sever the attachments that have been formed during our peculiar life and acquaintance. June \2th. The regiment gladly obeyed ordv 'S to i rm tu Winchester. We commenced our march at five P. M., with the design of marching mostly in the cool of evening and night, and of resting during the heat of day. Our uiarch was pl'idjantly performed, and we reached Winchester about noon of the 15th, and vitohed our tenta in Caiup Ihmmond, which we had left. Juli/ Ibth. Busy preparations are being made and are nearly completed for the mustering out of the regiment. Consequently general gladness prevails in camp. This inward joy was manifbci^d this evening by a grand camp iiiumlDation. Candles were placed in rows upon the tents aud carried up into the trees of the woods where we are eucamped. Bon^res were built in the company streets, and torches were carried in procession. Several oflScers of the field and staff were cheered, and Col. White was called out for a speech, which he made. The entertainment closed by banging and burning Jeff. Davis in e&gy. Those who wit- nessed the novel scenes of the evening will not soon forget them. Juli/ l&th. This morning the regiment received the last general order ever issued to it. Head QuAimRa Fifth N. Y. Cavalry, In the Field near Winobester, 7a., July 18th, 1866. In compliance mth orders from the commanding general the regiment will leave Stevenson's Station this p. m. at three o'clock, en route to New York city, for final discharge. Transportation will be furnished for ofilcers' horses to place of muster out. The regiment will march for the depot at '••} m .\'* 198. UisTOHio Records. twc'.ve M. Every officer and enliHted iran will be in c»nip to march promptly at that hour. Ku route homo and UDtil final dinchurgo, it is earuontly hoped the regiment will nus- tain its good name. • After four years of hardship and honor yon return u> your state to be honorably mustered out of service and t(/ return once more to a peaceful I le among your friends and loved ones. In a few days you will be scattered and the Fifth New York Cavalry will be no more. The hardships you have endured ; the comforts of which you have been deprived ; the cheerful and prompt manner in which jou have always done your duty, and the successes you have met with on the battle field, have won the admiraticn of ever; general officer under whom you have served. Surpassed bj none, equaled by fbw, your record as a regiment is a glo- rious and an honorable one. May your future lives be as prosperous and as full of honor to yourselves, as the past four years have been to your country, to your state and to the Fifth New York Cavalry. A. H. White, Col Comd'g 6th N. Y. Cavalry. The regiment was ready to move at the appointed hoar, and at three p. M. the train that bore many a happy heart, moved from Stevenson's Station toward Harper's Ferry. Jul}/ I9th. Our muster out papers all bear this date. In the City of Brotherly Love at " Cooper Shop," the regi- ment waf entertained with an excellent supper. Cheerfnil; we pursued our journey to the metropolis, where we tarried not long, and on the afternoon of the 20th, we were neatly encamped on Hart's Island, New York harbor, awaiting our ■;. ill *^Si£Sii; •«isj(^, ^-Sr^A, ^ .M>^^ ~.^m»x-^ ' ,.«i*^a^*^' s. Fifth Nfw York Cavalry. 199 run will be in camp oute homo nnd until e rcginiont will gus- honor you return to it of service and tu >ng your friends and e scattered and the >re. The hardships lich you have been inner in which jou successes you have I admiration of every rved. Surpassed by a regiment is a glo- -ous and as full of rs have been to your New York Cavalrj. mdg N. Y. Cavalry. le appointed hour, lany a happy heart, arper's Ferry, bear this date. 3T Shop," the regi- upper. Cheerfully where we tarried 1, we were neatly irbor, awaiting our tuiu with the paymaster. The Fifth Regiment of Cavalry, I'il'ih Infantry and Fifth Artillery, N. Y. Vols , met to- gether for the first time on Hart's Island. Juljf 2bth. The first and second battalions and Co. I of the third were paid this afternoon and evening, and many of the men took boat from the island for home. July '16th. The remaining three companies of the regi- ment were paid this morning, and the Fifth New York Cavalry was no more, except in story. \ I ■ 1 * CHAPTER Xn. . RegimenUl Ilemi. — Tablet : Oifioeri at Time of Mutter Out. — Coniin»nding Officeri. — Non-oomniitiioned Staff. — Exhibit of Btrengib on Monthly Returnt. — Full Htatittioi. — Former Oo- oupationt of our Men. — Their Placet of Birth. — Marob^ of the Regiment — Countiet Traterted. — Etoort Duty. — Q«a- erali under whom we Served. — Burial of Our Dead. — Tablu: Engagement! and their Caiualtict. — Men Killed in Action. — Mortally Wounded. — Diioharged by Reaion of Woundt. — Lilt of Retired Offioeri. In passiog from the diary of the regiment, we intro- duce the reader to what may seem more dry and uninterest- ing, yet not less important, to a vast array of statistios. To any one but a member or friend of the regiment it may seem to have been unnecessary to appropriate so much space to these numbers. Our apology — if indeed any be needed— shall bo brief. We look upon such tables as invaluable to correct and full history. Figures often reveal more than narration. Great pains have been taken lo present them iu an attractive form, and one convenient for reference, and no time has been spared in making them reliable. Not less than three months of hard labor have been consumed in tbe compilation of these tables, one of them Jone — "eugage- ments and their casualties" — having occupied nearly one- third of that time. Were the historian supplied with such data from eacb fi ,'■■ ■'***»% :-i-iiiiLJ>f'i^tiij^giijiim^ai^^A^^&it^^i:.!^ M ■'■.•iiSkiii^^^'- YiTTH New Yobk Cavalhy. 801 le of Muster Out. — 1 Buff. — Exhibit of istios. — Former Oo- Birth. — Marob*! of Isoort Duty. — Gen- Our Dead. — T»blMi Killed in Action. - in of Wounds. — Liit igiment, we intro- Iry and nninterest- r of Btatistios. To regiment it may te so much space to '. any be needed— i as invaluable to reveal more thso present them iu for reference, and eliable. Not less 1 consumed in the itlone — " engage- upied nearly one- rcjrimont, which htm participated in our terrible struggle an incalculably interesting and valuable history of this rebclliun might be compiled at no distant day. But it is to bo feared that in many instances uot even the number mach less the names, of our noble defenders, who have fillen in the conflict, will ever be known to posterity. While it is a noble thing to die for one's country, it is an iiinobie thing for survivors not to chronicle the deeds and iianieH of their loss fortunate companions. We have en- deavored to do juiitice to the memory of our comrades in these pages, and if, in any way, we have failed to do it well, let it not be attributed to a want of devotion to them or to the facts of history. With thoughts like these we are doubtless prepared to enter upon the perusal of the following statistics. data from each 1> 202 Historic Recobds. Officers of the Regiment at Time of Muster-out, July 19, '65. Naxm. Baxk. FlKLDAMD SlAII. Amo!< H. White,» Theodore A. r.oioe,* Elmer J. Barker,' Henry A. D. Merritt,* Liberty C. Abbott Fred M. Sawyer,' Dewitt H. Diokineou, Joseph A. Phillips, OrlanJc W. Armstrong,*... Isaac N. Mead,,.. Kicbard H. Goodoll Louis N. Boudrye,^~»..».,.. Co. A. Frazer A. Boulelle,'. Michael Hayes,* William T. Boyd,"" Co. B. Jabei Chambers,"... Samuel McBride," Edward Price, Co. C. Benj. M. Whittemore,".... William Leahey,'* Colonel, ... Lieut. Col,, Major, Adjutant, Eegt. Q. M.,. Hegt, Comm., Surgbon, Ass. Surgeon, If (I Chaplain, .> Captain, .... 1st Liout.,.., 2d Lieut., .., Captain,.... 1st Lieut.,., 2d Lieut Captain, ... 1st Lieut.,.., Rank at Tm or Rntbt. Tmi ov EsTw, 1st Lieut. Private,. IstLient. As. Surg. Hosp.St. As. Surg Chaplain Private, Private, . Hosp. St. Private, Sept. June Sept. Oct. Aug. Aug. Oct. May Mar. Deo. May Jan. June Aug. Dec. Aug. Sept. Aug. Private, Sept. ■ Aug. 26, 1861. 15, 1861. 19, 18til. 9, 1861. 26, 1861, 22, 1861. 18, 1862. 8, 1862, 18, 1863, 26, 1862 9, 1864. 81, 1863. 1,1861 15, 1861. 19, 1863. 21, 1861. 28, 1861. 12, 1861, 10, 1861. 11, 1861. I. Captared Mar *8, '63, Front Royal. Wonnded In foot Jnne 80, '61, Hts- over. Fa. Shot through body June 1, 'M, Aehland, aiid captnred. 5. Capturwl July 18, '63, Barnett'g Ford. Again captnred Oct. 36, '68, by Moiby, and received Ave wounds while eBcaplnc from captor. 8. Severely Injured by falling of horse, In chaive, Feb. 9, '63, New B«ltl- more. Received two grape »hot wonnda May 80, '&, Grierwlch. 4. Received three sabre cuts March '3S\ '68, Chantllly, and ciptpml. Captured again March 3, '64, near Richmond with Col. Dahlgren. Eac*p(4 n-om priBon, Columbia, S. C, Nov. 36, '64, uiii wa« 80 days In reachhig our llncB. 6. Captured July 18, '68, Orao-:* C. H. Wonnded In right hand ilighUr, Oct. 19, '68, Bockland Milli. 6. Remained voluntarily with Major White, who wai suppoced to be mor- tally wonnded, June 1, '64, Aehland, and captnred. 7. Captnred July C, '63, Monterey Pass, Pa. Released Oct. 7, '63. 8. Severely Injured by falling of horse, in charge, June 80, '63, Hanover, P». ». Wounded Hllghtlj and captured June 80, '63, Hancver, Pa. 10. Captured Juno 39, '64, Reams Mtatlon. Escaped from priaon, ColimiUl, 3. C, Nov. 4, '64, and was 31 dsys lu reaching our Unci. II. Captnred July 8, 'm. Hsgerstown, Md. 13, Severely wounded Mav 3, 'KS, Wairenton Junction. 18. Captured June 30, '64. 'Reams Station. Escaped from prison, CnlomUi, B. C, Nov. 4th, '64, aud was 81 days lu reaching our lines. 14. Wonnded in arm March 33, '63, Cliautltly. IDS. uittr-out, July 19, '65. Fifth New York Cavalry. 203 Rank at TlMK OF TtMM o» Bntbt. Gmtbt. IstLieut. Sept. 26, 1861. Private,. June 15, 1861, tt Sept. 19, 18til. 11 Oct. 9, 1861. i< Aug. 26, 1861. i« Aug. 22, 1861. t( Oct. 18, 1862. iBtLient. May 3, 1862. A3. Surg. Mar. 18, 1863. Hogp.St. Deo. 26, 1862 As. Surg. May 9, 1864. Chaplain Jan. 81, 1863. Private, . June 1,1861 (C Aug. 15, 1861. « Dec. 10, 1863. Private, . Aug. 21, 1861. losp. 81. Sept. 28, 1861. 'rivate. . Aug. 12, 1861. 'rivate, . Sept 10, 1861. ii Aug. 11, 1861. ed In foot Jone 80, '68, Ha- aiid captured. In captured Oct. S6, '88, by rrom captor. ;e, Feb. 9, '68, New »«ia- Grjerwlch. ChautlllT, and captured. Col. Bahlgren. Eacaptd 80 days in reacniDg out kded In right band iUghtljr, |o was snpposed to be moi- keaaed Oct. 7, '68. 1 June 30, '63, Hanorer, Pi. ^ancvcr. Pa. Bd fi-om priaott, ColumbU, lliuca. ption. I from prison, Colombtti r Hneii. Offiiert of the Regiment at Time of Muster-ovt, July 19,' 65. Namm. Rank. Kank at TiMB OP Bntbt. TixB or Entbt. Patrick Tiffany,... Co. D. lUnsoni A. Perkins .leremiiib J. Callanan,'.. Co. B. Foster DickinsoD,' Miiilhew Strait,' , .Vddison S. Thompson,*, Co. F. William D. Lucas,* Merritt N. Chafey, , John K. Jeffrey,* , Co. O. John H. Wright,' , William H. Knight,' .Abijih Spafford, Co. H. Eugene B Hayward,*... I.ucins F. Renne,'" Clark M. Pease, Co. I. Edmund Blunt, Jr.,"... t'hristopber Heron, William M. Conklin, Co. K. Laurence L. O'Connoa,.. Thomas O'Keefe, Nathaniel M. Talmage,. Co. L. George C. Morton, 2U Lieut.,. IstLieut.,., 2d Lieut.,.. Captain, ... 1st Lieut.,.. 2d Lieut.,., Captain, ... let Lieut.,.. 2d Lieut., .. Captain, ... 1st Lieut.,., 2d Lieut.,.. Captain, ... Ist Lieut,,., 2d Lieut.,. Captain, ... Ist Lieut., 2d Lieut.,.. Captain, .... Ist Lieut., 2d Lieut.,.. Captain, , Private,. Private, . it Private,. 2d Lieut, Private,. Pri/ate,, Private,, 2d Lieut. Private,. «i-.r w 204 Historic Records. Officer* of the Regiment at Time of Muster-out, July 19, '65 Naxm. BiJIK. Rank AT TlMB OF TllM or EXTRr. Edtrt. William H. WJiitoomb,' Peter MoMullen,' let Lieut., «... 2d Lieut Captain, lit Lieut., 2d Lieut Private,. •« Privace, . «« Oct. 1, 1861. Not. 18, 1861. Co. M. Wilbur P. Oaklev.' Oct. 28, 1861. Wrr.iaM 0. Peckham,* JuBius Travis Aug. 31, 1861. Sept. 20, 1881, 1. Captnrrd M>7 6, '63, HiUTiiionbnrK. E»capedbyi>trat«Kein. Again ctptared July 6, 'ttS, IlaKcnitoivD, Hd. Wounded Id Deck elightly, Hay 6, '04, Pirker't Store. St. HIlKbtW wonnded iu left hand, May S, '64, Parkor'o Store. 8. Wdiimiod in head, Oct. 10, '63, JameaCtty; arain in head Aug. 96, 'M, KeariicyHvillo Statiou. 4. Wounded In breaot, June 1, '64, Ashland. Officers who have Commanded the Regiment. NAUa OthnielDeForest, KobertJobnstone John Hammond, William P. Bacou Abram H. Krom, Kliiier J. Barker. Theo. A. Boice, Amos H. White, Rank at Time of Relief fh>m CoRHnand^ Colonel,. Lt. Col., Colonel, Lt- Col., Major,... Captain, Lt. Col, Colonel,. Rank at Time of Taking Command Date of Taking Cuu-niaud. Date of Rellrf from Cummiuid. Colonel,. Lt. Col., Major,... Lt. CoL, Major,... Captain , Major,...! Uct. Colonel,.' Ueo. Oct. Sept. June Aug. Sept. Oct. 1, 18U1. 10, 18«1. 1, 1868. 80, 18C4. 12, 1864. 19, 1864, 2\, 1864. 19, 1804. Sept. .lune Aug. Sept. Got. Oct. Deo. July 10, 1862. 1, 1863. 80, 1864. 12, 1864. 19, 1864. 21, 1864. 19, 1864. 28, 1865. Non- Commissioned Staff, July 19, 1865. Naxh. Rank. Rank at Tme OF Kntbt in Rboimknt. Tina or KNTBT. Dennis O'Flaherty,' William C. Page,'... Klicbael Dunigaa,'.. Cliarles B. Thomas, Stephen D. Oreen,*.. David F. Woloott,... Dennis O'Brien, Sergt. Maj., Ilosp. St.,.. Q.M. Sergt., Com'y Sergt ChiefBuglr. Saddler Sgt. Vetr'ySigu. Private,... July 2, 1861 Jan. 16, 1868 Sept. 16, 1861,.. Sept. 21, 1861,... Aug. 22, 1861,... March 10, 1862,. Aug. 22, 1862,... 1. Captured Hanover, Pa., Juno no, '68. Again Oct. S9, ■B8,Thoronghl!«reO«p. — 9. Captured Oct. 11, '6.3, Brandy Station.— 3. Ca_ptnred Oct, 10, 'tS, HusmU i Ford.— 4. For a lung time Krigudc, aud Uiviaion Bugler. ■■^«iunj6:'. ■;^-i:X,»l^^^iiiimA^i^^f^'M>-^^^^'^' -i^^'SaSi**" ler-out, July 19, '65 NX AT >( or Tun o» EKTur. HTBT. vate,. Oct. 1, 1861. u are more than rthward to Burkes- Fiprn Nbw York Cavalry. 209 TJlic, we will go west to Appomattox Court House ; strike a straight line to Lexington on the James, west of the Blue ridge and thence north to Moorefield. Now draw your line northeastly through Martinsburg; continue it through Hafjerstown, Md. , and back again to Gettysburg. The ter- ritory inclosed by this line has been traversed by the regi- ment, and some portions of it many times. I insert the counties through which the regiment has marched, beginning with those we have traversed most fre- quently and with which we are best acquainted :— Fairfax, Va., Culpepper, Frederick, (in these the regi ment spent three successive winters,) Clarke, Jefferson, Loudon, Prince William, Fauquier, Madison, Orange, Spott- syivania, Shenandoah, Rockingham, Augusta, Warren, Page, Stafford, Rappahannock, Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Ca- roline, Hanover, King William, New Kent, Henrico, Charlea City, Louisa, Rockbridge, James City, York, Gloucestei, Prince George, Dinwiddle, Nottoway, Prince Edward, Ap pomattox, Charlotte, Mecklenburg, Lunenburg, Brunswick Sussex, and King George ; — Montgomery, Md., Frederick, Carroll, and Wash" -;^'tonj — York, Pa., and Adams. Escort Duty for Oenerah. The regiment was appointed escort for Gen. Pope, August 27, '62, and served till Sept. 4, '62. It was appointed eecort for Gen. Sheridan, Nov. 24, '64, and occupied the position till April, '65. Oenerah under whom the Regiment has served. Gen. N. P. Banks, commanding Army of the Shenandoah Gen. John Pope, commanding Army of the Potomac. Gen. Heintzelman, commanding Defenses of Washington 3^.1 210 UiSTOBio Records. 1^ Gens. Hooker and Meade, commanding Army of the Potomac. Gen. P. H. Sheridan, commanding Army of the She- nandoah. Gens. Stoneman, Pleasanton and Torbert, commanding Cavalry Corps. Gen. John P. Hatch, commanding Cavalry with Gen, Banks. Gen. John Buford, commanding Cavalry with Gen. Pope. Gen. Stahel, commanding Cavalry Division under Gen. Heintzelman. Gens. Kilpatriok, John H. Wilson, George A. Custer commanding 3d Division, Cavalry Corps. Gens. Elon J. Farnsworth (killed July 8, '63, Gettys- burg), Henry E. Davies, Jr., J. B. Mcintosh (wounded in left leg, amputated, Sept. 19, '64, Winchester), commanding Ist Brigade, 3d Division, Cavalry Corps. The following Colonels, acting Brigadier Generals, have also commanded us, Wyndham, De Forest, John Hammond, and 0. M. Pennington. Burial of our Dead. By reference to the table of " Men killed in Action," it will be seen that many of our brave comrades were left un- buried on the bloody fields were they fell, many of whose bones have doubtless bleached in the sun and rain, throngh the wilderness and along the river courses of Virginia. But fortunately we were permitted to perform the solemn rites of burial and pay the last honors to some of them, the memory of whose graves will frequently call forth the sym- pathetic tear, and stimulate us to the performance of heroic deeds. To thee, land of our birth ! and to thee, proud !^^^ 411 ■«-Va>-a> v-.fc4. ft George A. Custer aJy 8, '68, Gettyg. [ntosh (wounded in ester), commanding tier Generals, hare t, John Hammond, lied in Action," it rades were loft un- many of whose and rain, through of Virginia. But the solemn rites •me of them, the ill forth the sym- brmance of heroic d to thee, proud J^iFTH New Yohk Cavalry. 211 Flag of the free, we feel unwonted love, since you have both been bathed with the pure blood of our nuble dead ! Wo have endeavored to indicate the resting places of our companions by rude head-boards with their names engraved or cut thereon, though often nothing has been left to iden- tify the precious remains, except the tree that waved in mournful requiem over them, or the rock that stood as their eternal safeguard. Around those quick-made graves we were often compelled hastily to assemble, and from them, perhaps, more hastily to retire, with no funeral note or word, but not without a purpose. Occasionally the military salute baa been fired, the brief eulogium and prayer been pronuno- ed,> and we have left our comrades to slumber, hvJ, not to be forgotten. In some instances we have learned, with satis- faction, that the enemy had given our dead a decent inter- ment, and we are conscious of having often returned tho favor. Whenever it has been possible the remains of our comrades have been embalmed and sent home to their friends, to molder by the side of kindred dust. ' See Burial of Sergt. Sortore, p. 188. im S'J^*Sft;iffsr?Sg#> iLi,i;it;S^JSe(«^ 212 Historic Records. Engnge.mentt and their Catualtien. I' I Placi or ENOAomMT. Port Kepubllc Coiirad'H Store, l.nmj Valley, ItockliiKhiim Kumace, " Conrad « Htore Ilarrlnouburg rohimbia Bridge, Lorajr Vy, W(Kid»tock, WoodKtock, Front Koyal, Middletown Newtown Croci Roadi, Winchester, Ilan«'r'« Ferry, C'harleiitown, Martlnnhnrg, Sperryvllle, Culpepper C. H., Orange C. H., Liberty Mllla, Rapldnn Statlonj. Itarnott'i! Ford, Rapidan,.. Orange C. U., Cedar Mountain, Cedar Mountain, Louisa C, H., ^... Kelly's Ford, Rappahannock, Waterloo Bridge, CentrevUle, , Groveton, Bull Run ChantUly Antletam, Ashby's Gap, Leesnurg, Uppervitle, Tboroughfore Gap, Hay Market, New Baltimore, Cedar Hill Hopewell Gapj. Thoroaghhre Gap, Htddleburg, UppervUle, Aldle Snicker's Gap, Berryvllle, Aldle,. , Cub Ron, , Prying Pan, , Ctjb Ron , Mlddleburg, New Baltimore, Warren ton, Natubi, I Jan. 6, n.%. . I Jan. 6, "63, . Jan. 86, 'fi.3, . 58 Feb. 9, '8.3, . 68 IFeb. 10, '63, . Battle, .. HklrniUh,. Battle, . . . Skirmish,. 1 I May 9, '««,., Skirmish,.. 9 !.M»y 3. "O'J, 8 May 4, 'M, 4 May B, '««, 6 May 6, 'SU, n Muy 8, 'Ba, T May 14, 'IK, R May SI, '««, May 28, 'B», in May M, BS, 11 May !M, 'tt«, IS M«v!i5, '68, 18 I.May 28, '62, 14 May 31. "6% 15 May 81, '62, lA July 6, '62, 17 July 12, '62, 18 July 17, m, 19 July 17, '62, 90 JulylH, '62, 81 July 18, '62, 99 Aug. 9, '69, 88 Aug. 9, '69, 94 Aug. 10, '68, 96 Aug. 17, '68, 26 Aug. 90, '62, 27 Aug. 94, '89, 88 Aug. 88, '62, 89 Aug. 89, '69, m Aug. 80, '68, 81 H«pt. 1, '68, 32 Sept. 19, '62, 83 8ept.39, '68, 84 Oct. 16, '62, SS Oct. 17, '68, 86 Oct. 18, '68, 87 Oct. 18, '68, 88 Nov. 6, '68, 89 Nov. 6, '68, 40 Nov. 8, '62, 41 Nov. 11, '68, 43 Nov. 18, '62, 48 Nov. 16, '62, 44 Nov. 29, '62, 46 Nov. 80, '62, 46 Nov. 30, '62, 47 Dec. 18, '62, 48 Dec. 81, '89, Comm. I'SnTIttl Ofllcem.l Mea. nihil g 5,g.ii= s a. Skirmish,. BatUe, . . . HUrmlah,. L Fifth New York Cavalry. 218 laltiei. Engaijementt and their Ca»ualtie», Rontinued. Comm. Ofllcent. i II Mm. rml«h,..'. tie. .. ruilsh,. tie, . . . rmtsb,, Plaoi or Knoaoimikt. No. Oati. NATcmi. Spotted Tavern, Alillc chaiilllly W'lilu mln« Warrentun JunctlOD, i Irci'n wlch, Middlflmrc, Ilmiover, Pn Iluiiti'ri'town, P«., (Mlynbuiv, Pft.^. Monterey I'bsh, P»., !*inlthhurg, Md., IIat,t!ri>towD, Md BoonKboro', Md., UaKemtowD, Md., , A»Bbv'« G»p, Pnrt ronway, Culpepper C. H., Soniervllle Ford, Robertson,. Broukin'8 Ford, Rapldan, Ilszel Klver Bridge, CtlghrevUle RiiMell's Ford, Robertson,. . . J«me»01ty, Hiwrryvllle Pike, Bnndy Station, Oruveton, Oroveton, liniveton, (lalnesvllle, Bufkland Mill Stcvcimburg, Oermaula Ford, Rapldan, .... Raccoon Ford, Rapldan, KuccooQ Ford, EIt's Pord, Rapldan Ellis' Ford, Rappahannock, . . Ilsrapton's Cross Roads, Ui'fiimes of Richmond, llHuover Town, Ajrletts Stephftnsvllle, Field'it Ford, Rappahannock, Suuthard'e Cross Roads I'apker's Store, Wilderness fiermnnla kofd, MsBoaponax Chorch, Ny River, Pii River Po River .'." Msttapony River Milford SuiUon, 18 *»'»=i(*.'5s*«attffis M Feb. SB {March S6 I March SB 90 91 9S 98 94 flfi 06 97 06 99 100 101 loa 103 KM ine lOU April May May June Jane Jnly July July Jnly Jnly Jnly Jnly Jnly Sept. 8ept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct Oct. Oct. Oct. Nov, Nov. Nov. Not. 10, '08, 4, '««, 8»,'(B, 98, 'fiS, 8,'tBJ, 80. 'BS, 10, '(«, 80, 'BS, 5, 'B8, 8,'Ba, 4, '«8, B, -BB, «,'68, 8, 'B8, 11, "BS, M, '88, 4, '88, 18, '68, 14, '68, M, '68, ». '68, 8, '68, 10, '68, 10, '88, 11, '68, 11, '8.S,, IB, '6«,i IT. '63, 18, '88, 18, '68, 19, '68, 8, '63, 18, 'fl.3, 88, '0.3, *I, '83, Skirmish,. Battle, Skirmisb, Battio,... Skirmish,. ti Battle,... Skirmish,'. Jan. 19, Jan. as, Feb. 6, March 1, March 3, March 3, March a, March 4, March 11, May 6. Battle. . . . Skirmish,. Mattle, . . . Skirmish,. Battle, . . . Skirmish,. Battle, . . . Skirmish,. BatUe, . . . Skirmish,. May May May 15, May 16, IMay 17, May 18, jMay 81, IMay 21, '64, •61, '84, '64, '64, '64, Bl, '(W, 64 '64! Battle, ... 'M, " ... '&t,ISkirmlsh,. 61, 'B», •61, 'M, '«■!, 'tM, Battle, . Comm. SulUt'd Officers. Men. » 1 189 is 18 1 8 a M 14 18 1 II PS i m 1 m i I tt-i 1 ii n 'smmmmmmm^^m^m^^'^^s^'^- 814 Historic Records. EngagemenU and thr.ir £!atuaUie$, oontinoed. Plaoi or RNOAosKairr. Mt.Otnnol Church,. Morlli Anna Hirer,. Mttic Klvor HlKnnl Hill IlMUovrrC H A'lilaml HUtloa, Palcni I'hurch iiothcU'lmrch, Hiiuly drove White Oak Hwamm,. .. White llimae Ijindloff,.. Blacka and White* Nottoway C. It Koani>k« Station, Htony ( 'reek Htatlon,. . . . Kt^ama Htatlon Rowanty Oeek, Htony Cruek Maryland Hcl(;htf Maryland Ilclghta, ItiH-KvlUe Toll Gate. I'oolpavllie, Siilckor'n Ferry, Kernntown WlncheBter, Opo|uan Creek, Biiiiuiilt Point, Charlentown DntHold Htatlon. .. Ki-nrni'yavllle S'iatlon, , Perry ville, BerryvlUe, Oimqaan Creek, Opeqiian Oreek, 0|M'<|uan Creek, Obeqnan Creek, WlnihcKter, Crooked Uun, Fnint K<>val / "^ury Ciiurch, Aili^ra, Luro" Valley,. I'.t. dorldlan, \Vft /Ueaboro', H-idce water 'trock'B Oap, yoreatvlUe,. Tom'a Brook, Cedar Creek, L 187 18H 180 lau 181 188 188 l»t 18S 186 187 13H 188 14fJ 141 148 143 144 146 146 147 148 140 lao isi 1S8 1A8 IM IIU. 1S6 1S7 158 lao Hay May May May Jane June lane June June Jane June luue Jane (nno June Jane June Juiiu July July July July July July July Auu. Aug. Auk. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept, Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. iOct. INov. Nov. *S,'H4, M, '64, 86, '64, 81, '64, 1. '64, 1. '64, «,'64, 10, '61, 11, '61, 16, '64, 10, '64, 88, '64, 88, '64, 85, 'M, 3H.'64, 89, ••», 80, "64, 88, "64, 6, 'tM. 7, M, 10, '64, ia.'64. 15, 'O^- 18, 'M. !M, 'M,. 17, •"•■ 10, '64, 81, 'M.. 88, '64, 88, '64,- 85, 'M,. i '64,. 4, "Bl- 7 'M.- 15, '64.. 17 'M,- 10, '«*<■ 80, '64.- 31, '64,- 81, '64. ■ 83, '64,. 87, '«.■ 88^ 'W. • 8^'64,- «^ Si'' 7, '64,. 9. '64,. 18, '64,. 14, 'M.- 10. '*»,, IS, '64, 88, "tM, Battle.. . . . Bklrnilah,. Battle, . . . SklrmUh,. Battle,... Sklrmlah,. Battle, . Bklrmlsh,. Battle, ... Sklrmlah,. Battle, . . . Sklrmlah,. Battle,... Sklrmlah,. Battle, . . . Hkirmlih,. Battle, .... Sklrmlah,.. 'Batllti. Skirmish,. Battle H'-.irmlah,., Battle. .... Sklrmiah,., Battle,. ..' Sklrmlah,.. 1 1811 t I I 8)4 .. t I I . t S« « ,. 1 *\ 1 t Ik 1 '<. 216 Historic Records. '}w^ ^ ^11 •c "IS I XNT^XOO O 4* a . o ■ 3 « : M s : 5 : w <" : o : '22 i i U oiGC gT I a o a- 'S J- t^Sk (is « o c 3 a O -S » .o o V — z. II ■ "o S -' 5 ^ S 2 »ga;ow-T O ! «? t <^' . ^ <6 tf> • 56 C5 *<}* ^ CO CO w ^ ... „ _TC'Mee.coiMMeot»i'^(N« s >o CO ; o 'O 05 CO © CO i»i > *> CO IN ?>P O B B « o H i^ •« aj fli (■ 5 b-3 •^ ^K 5S «« = «^ ui "Son t .2 5 s ■- ■'- - a 00 r-(e-c> . H_B-jT_Oj-s_N5 •>*< la 5D i « .2 00- Si a B w 00. --ajoj's'rsa l-5a I PI tH i'- .•*5'.iS!5*-'4*.'T>«' ^;4f'ife6>#3S l^ksMilii»«s*» .^:^ik:>$^'o ko U3 >o US u; 1 9 ! 1 : : a a : a 1 r • • o o ; : 1 bianHosp., Hook, Md. ngton, D. C hall, N. Y., ngton, D. C. y St., sent h cr,Pa.,B'th ester, elphia. Pa., Q ^S<0^VCO^?C0t£O § lOwrT wh"^ riTji" g ..-v.- .Mg^;^ . ^ »■■ 4 ►-> uo •? ■«) S >? -o § ! : : >>• o tg 00 '3 -s - . « : 1 g ^ :»( & &.S^»S cdSpa^ ,2 SSSSS< SeSS k :i t-l S^ N - « <-i 1 •iSTJKOO <' cQ-j us (a'pa": : m «-^,^..^^' £ Ji. : : : : I : 1 • ! • i ij Anson Jones, . Amos Brown, . Clark Winch,. . Martin V. Hog Wm. Greenwoc Aaron Wright, Kdmund Barbe JohnS.Trowbri Curtis E. Pierc CharleaM.Newt _ .._ r-. 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J^.S £*.►: e-.S ■ S b O C O h 60 Ml OfrH a 2 •■ ' ■moiia^ t , : » Js : si . • - o a jf ■- e'*^ w ►* fl *' ss •« d "^ B -3 - 3 i?' •3 O' S i-< a »-> fa 10 S B * P n *^ k B St CO • 222 Historic Records. a s o V B •« ^ &. qtunii : -.J : : ;'3 : ^ qI'E S'l-S-S- S-' 5 2 3 S 5-" 8 o «) " SO e I h m I iumMimmiiimmn f$ ^ iiii«l$i$i¥siilff$s'i?is'i."" a.n.c *3 n so S u * u » a; v25 ^ 3 S 2 « s* s^ S =" ° 5) c" ° Q S :^^.x^^ 13^5 £ i is g ,s S £ l5 :|| :& : :•] it £ = if ,B il as ■'< § a g t:'. Ill m c r- l aaiMBMM Fifth Nkw Yokk Cavalry. 223 ■3 a • it 5 i& 6jin a w rf far St-" 4j a 1^ pq' ^M-omo nuup^ 35 oDODSSaB S«jS5b 3f I ill ^ a "' Jfs' a a' r . r !■ . P O * 4>^ ft? P O S; S* «) oShSi -.Kids V -S l-fS y s •48 s ^'** .■•i .-M .^ I.* jim^Ki^^tim,iMM^m'!^^^: ill ''if ill ill ■■m CHAPTER Xin. it '.' t i: ' Mementos to Officers, — Col. 0. DeForest. — Col. Jolin Ilammond. — Surgeon Lucius P. Woods. — Major A. II. Krom. — Major E. J. Darker Capt. L. L. O'Connor. No pains have been spared by the author to secure doca- nients in which honorable mention had been made of officera and privates for meritorious conduct in battles, but with only partial success. Such as have been obtained are inserted, though many names ought to have been added to this list, Tfhose deeds were glorious, and would embellish the pages of any history. CoLONKL 0. Deforest. We have been furnished with an interesting account of the presention of a horse to Col. DeForest, clipped from a New York daily, which we are pleased to give in this place. It is as follows : " The friends of Col. DeForest met yesterday (October, 1861), in front of his dwelling. No. 97 East Forty-ninth street, and presented him with a very acceptable token of thei' appreciation of him as an officer, and also of hia unequaled efforts in raising the brigade to which he is attached. The present was a splendid light dappled gray stallion, well known as the < General Jackson ' of Cherry Valley. He is seven years old^ a noble animal, and was ■-^^^ ^mi^>- rM^M^ Fifth New York Cavalry. 225 Col. John Hammond. H. Krom — Major E. hor to secure docu- een made of officers battles, but with been obtained are ave been added to d would embelliHh resting aoconnt of St, clipped from s give in this place. isterday (October, East Forty-ninth Beptable token of and also of his 9 to which he is ight dappled gray skson ' of Cherry animal, and was purchased specially for his new owner. About 1.500 men of the brigade almost entirely from the country, fully uniformed, and preceded by their own splendid band of twenty- eight pieces, wore drawn up in front of the block in which Col. DeForest resides, the intended present held by a groom, being immediately in front. The Hon. D. B. Taylor then stepped out upon the front steps of the building and form- ally presented to the colonel, who was standing by his side, the donation, accompanied by the following remarks : " Colonel De Forest: The kind partiality of your immediate friends and neighbors have imposed upon me the pleasing duty of presenting to you in their name something which shall be calculated to keep their memories ripe with you in the midst of the excitements and dangers to which you have so gallantly dedicated your immediate future. * * " These men, you will in a few short days lead into a battle field such as the good people of this heretofore favored land would give all but their country's life to avoid. But the sad fiat has gone forth; it is a struggle between our country's existence, with all the bright hopes of returning happiness, and its death with the surest certainty of ever- lasting woe and ruin. Terrible is the issue, but we must contemplate it solely with the stern eye of philosophy, and that, too, quickly. Our independence was achieved by precious blood and countless treasure, and by the same con- sideration can it now only be preserved. It seems that the tree of Liberty must be nourished by the blood of its sub- jects ; to this conclusion, however sad, must every honest conviction turn. You, sir, will soon lead your column to its position in the long line of battle, and to bear yoa proudly on, we, whoso every pulse beats high with hopes ID fi^*iJiK^ *^Mmi#,^0^ii»iiimm!^mis^^&ik'''itMum^ss»f' r 226 lllSTOBIC RkCOUDS. mm iV for your success, place you upon the back of this Jield horn and pru; that the God of Battles may hold the rein, until victory shall bo proclaimed throughout our whole country. Should ProTidonoo, in it« inscrutable wisdom, cause you to perish in the great conflict before you, we feel a holy assur- ance that you will fall with your face to the heavens, and your feet to the foe. Oo on, then : adieu ! but the living God grant that your mission may be fulSlled, and your glorious and happy return give us cause for a day joyout, far more joyous than this ; let this be the day of hope, that the fulfillment. " Col. DeForest then mounted the horse as theband struck up an appropriate air, and when the music ceased, evidently with a good deal of emotion, very happily returned his thanks for the nianifestation toward him, and fully pledged himself that if the God of Battles spared his life he would faithfully fulfill the wishes of his friends. " After the cheering had ceased, a call was made for Sen. Ira Harris of Albany, after whom the Guard take their name. He soon appeared upon the balcony, and, being presented by Mr. Taylor, addressed the ofiicers and soldiers for a few moments with much feeling, telling them that although he was too far advanced in life to join them as a soldier, he felt great satisfaction in being able to send hia name. He doubted not it would be seen where rebellion was strongest and treason most defiant, and he was perfectly will- ing to trust it in the keeping of such officers and such men." (Copy.) Washimgtoh, Omi. W, J884. B. M. Stamtok, Secrttary qf War. Dear 81r— Col. O. DeForent served under me tn the Shenanaoah Valley In 180), for nearly a year. Ho waa Uien colonel of 6th New York Cavalry, and pot- formed hla duty willingly, ftilly, and with great energy. HU re^ment win the beet under my command. Aa an officer, then and there, be showed mnch ability, and I do not heBltate to recommend him to the favor of the Dep't. (Signed) N. P. Banks, M. O. V. ,.-i- .-. . ■i/,»4f«*s*tt!«#^«w?',f^'«^f^S^^ ■,*■ RD8. h&cV o{ thhjield hom ly hold the rein, until mt our whole country, J wisdom, cause you to , we feel a holy assur. B to the heaTons, and adieu I but the living « fulfilled, and your use for a day joyoui, the day of hope, that vrscas the band struck usio ceased, evidently happily returned his 11, and fully pledged ired his life he would ds. Jl was made for Sen. le Guard take their balcony, and, being officers and soldiers , telling them that ft to join them as a ng able to send his where rebellion was e was perfectly will- cers and such men." "TON, Stcrttary qf War. lenanaoMh Valley In 18(9, York Cavalry, and per- fxy- HIg regiment was there, he ahowed much • fevorofthe Dep't. • P. Banks, M. Q. V. Fifth New York Cavalry. 227 Col. John Hammond. The application of Col. Hammond for muster out was {endorsed as follows: HiAD QuABTBBS, TLifd Cavalry Division, \ Auguit 80M, 18(54. > [Rcnpeotfully forwarded, approved]. Cul. Hammond is a most valuable and worthy officer and I has nerved with great credit to himself and benefit to the hervice — but the regiment would be left in the hands of a <.'i)ovt' hill), while we admired the great virtues which so hap- >,lj blond in him. It is no wonder that there wa. I mand of the regiment more than a year. At the earliest vacancy he was commissioned lieutenant colonel, and soon thereafter colonel, and no man ever bore the spread eagle more worthily. Had not his term of service expired at a time when the call of his family was nearly imperative, we '•ubt not lie would soon have borne the star. The com- iiiendaiions he has received from both division and brigade wuianders, are known to its all, and are such as any man might be proud of. His fame is unsullied and extensive, liii record fuir and imperishable. m ^■^^Ai^**^''^i»!i^'«K;.^>-*fcw*»^--^*' ;'5tV'!":v'sv;;;,-:?,s-; - ^"-ai y^t:^?^^' "m- 230 Historic Records. Few men combine in thcmgelves so many qualifications of the true man 8"d soldier. His patriotism was not h mere matter of name, aa the sacrifices he ma(^e for his coun- try fully attest. All who came in contact with him felt that this was the ruling motive of all his action. As a disciplinarian he was str>t without being severe, and thor- ough. In preparation for, and during, a battle, none could excel him. His plans were quickly made and well executed. His selection of positions, and disposition of forces always exMbited great sagacity and military genius. He held his men in perfect control. His clear voice went like magic through the ranka, while his manly form, always in the thickest of the fight, elicited the warmest enthusiasm. His equanimity of mind was never overcome by his celeriij of motion, but seemed to be equal. Rarely is so great pru- dence found with so undaunted courage, fie had an indomitable will that would not brook defeat. The word impoi»ibU> he never knew, when diflicu'^'os came between him and duty. He was ambitious, yet humble. Added to all these mental qualifications vras that perfect phi/sique, which made John Hammond the model soldier. As an equestrian we have never soeu his superior. His pc«ver of endurance also vas very great. For three long years of active service he has stood with the regiment mid storm and sun, mid fatigue and danger. He was no wan- derer from his men, nor lover of ease at the expense of duty. For this the men honored him; and they loved him because in all his promotions he never forgot their waata, nor stood aloof from them. He was always the affable yet dignified John Hammond they had known in days past, m s«s»a«i:i-i;i''ia-: m'mwM^^^^^'^ DS. Fifth New York Cavalry. 281 so many qualifications patriotism was not a he ma(?9 for his coun- contact with him felt all his action. As a eing severe, and thor- ;, a battle, none cuuld and well executed. tion of forces always iry genius. He held 3lear voice went like manly form, always in I warmest enthusiasm, ercome by his celeriij larely is so great pru- turage. fie had an )k defeat. The word icu'^'os came between t humble. tions was that perfect id the model soldier. iu his superior. His eat. For three long ith the regiment mid ;er. He was no wan- ISC at the expense of and they loved him er forgot their wants, ways the afifablfl yet knowu in days past. We hope the men of his late command w'll never forget his last words to them: — " God bless yoa." Long live Col. John Hammond, and long be remembered among us his military and social virtues. Surgeon Lucius P. Woods. Hba" Qcahtbbs Fifth New York Cavalry, "» Winchester, V»., July 10th, 1865. / Intelligence having been received of the death of Dr. I.ueius P. Woods, late surgeon of this regiment, a meet- in;; was this day convened, and a committee, consisting of Mjjor H. A. D. Merritt, Chaplain L. N. Boudrye and Capt. L. C. Abbott was appointed to prepare fitting resolutions eipressive of our sorrow. The following were submitted and approved. Resolved, That we, the officers of the Fifth Regiment of Cavalry, New York State Volunteers, have heard with most profound sorrow, of the death of our late surgeon, Dr. Lucius P. Woods, at Wiiosted, Conn., May 30th, 1865, and desire to convey to his bereaved wife and fiiends our sympathy, and to express our sentiments of esteem and respect for the memory of our late comrade and friend. Appointed to this regiment, December 24th, 1861, he shared with us, during three years' active service, its vicis- situdes, dangers and privations. Devoted to the duties of his vocation, he added to rare profb^sional skill the most untiring industry. Insensible to fea;*, indefatigable to alleviate suffering, he was ever to be found where the battle raged most fiercely, ministering to the wounded, shunning not the post of danger, if it were but the post of duty. Conscious of declining health, and viewing with calmness and resignation the rapidly approaching termination of his •'■* •.«;;:■ ■t^>(^Mi.«¥''.;JkHi^ i''A->»**l!te^'>.-*" ■■>.i-*- •■-SVAv 282 Historic Records. W '> life, De persevered, until strength failed him, in the dis charge of his responsible and arduous duties. F-lua'iiy, enfeebled and dying, he returned to the peaceful scenes of home, and to the loved home circle, to meet the final change Happily his earnest patriotis'u was rewarded with a know- ledge of the triumph of the cause to which he gave his lite Retolved, That in the several positions of surgeon of the | Fifth New York Cavalry, surgeon-in-chief of the First brig- ade. Third oavalry division, surgeon-in-ohief of the Third cavalry division and medical director of the Cavalry corpe, Army of the Shenandoah, Dr. Woods earned the commen- dation, respect and affection of all who knew him, A-om the soldier in the ranks to the major general commanding. Resolved, That as a friend we found in him every qoalitj that could endear him to us a..! embalm his memory in our minds. To the refinement of the gentleman he added social and Christiac virtues rarely equaled, and while ha loss will bo deplored by all, to ourselves, peculiarly his friends, it is irreparable. We will cherish his memory and strive to imitate his example. ReMolved, That a copy of these resolutions, signed by the officers of the regiment, be transmitted to Mrs. L. P. Woods, to whom we tender our sincere condolence. Ma; "He who tempereth the wind to the shorn lamb," comfort and sustain her ; and may the blessed thought that he has given his life for his country mitigate the aoguish of her bereavement. „-.^;i;i,i, .U-',- ..\;„ ;, •,,,i.^*-^f .■-,t,. Interesting extraota from Dr. Woods' letters from the army, are here inserted. " Haetwood Chdboh, Va., *Sep<. bth, 1868." *' I returned yesterday after a three days expedition after ,-.-*' »^— «|- '■&y'v,::S3i;v- I«d him, in the dis. IU8 duties. Fliiailj, le peaceful srenes of leet the final change. varded with a know- lich he gave his life ns of surgeon of the ief of the First brig- Q-chief of the Third f the Cavalry corps, earned the oommen- } knew him, fVom the d commanding, in him every quality n his memory in our ;entleman he added taled, and while hi« lives, peculiarly hi« ish his memory and tions, signed by the ted to Mrs. L. P. condolence. May orn Iamb," comfort lought that he has the anguish of her letters from the ?ep<. 5th, 1868." lys <.xpedition afWr i^y' *rS /^/A.^Mi / t r^y/'^.. HI .:-;'«*?S>Sp«^^.W.»^^ j..r.c»i?S^ISKi ^^'iiSlBi«^ the I*''?!?! mgi^ ii'-ii , ^'~<^[l: m Fifth New York Cavalry. 285 gun-boats ! * We all laughed at the order, Bending cavalry after such craft, but I am happy to say, that the object of the expedition was accomplished. We left camp at two o'clock A. M., marched all dy and all night, till three o'clock next morning, when we made a furious charge upon Rebel infantry. They ran so fast as to disarrange the gen- eral's plan of attack. The morning was so dark we could not see one rod in advance. We captured twelve or four- teen prisoners, and Gen. Kilpatrick gave orders in their hearing to have the whole command fall back, stating that the gun-boats would be alarmed and the expedition be a failure. The general took particular pains to allow half the prisontirs to escape and get across the Rappahannock. After falling back two miles, we wero counter-marched toward the river, near which we were formed in line of battle. We sat there on our horses waiting for daylight. Then the flying artillery of ten guns, supported by the old Fifth New York and First Michigan, dashed at a full run down to the river bank, wheeled into position and gave the Rebels a small cargo of hissing cast iron, which waked them up racie effectually than their ordinary morning call. They soon came to their senses, and for half an hour sent over to us what I should think to be, by the noise they made, tea- kettles, cooking stoves, large cast iron hats, &o. But our smaller and more active guns soon silenced theirs and drove their gunners away, when we turned our attention to the boring of holes in their boats with conical pieces of iron, vulgarly called solid shot. I assure you I can recommend them as first class augers, for they sank the boats in time • See page 74. r-'^m? 15 r!g^£ll»^ -MMiimimmmm»^ 286 Historic Records. for all hands to sit down to breakfast at half past nine o'clock. The repast consisted of muddy water, rusty ult pork and half a hard cracker, termed by us ' an iron clad breakfast.' We were absent from camp three days and had only nine hours' sleep." " August 29th, 1864." " I was quite astonished yesterday at receiving a paper, signed by nearly all the officers of the regiment and approved by Gen. Mcintosh, offering me the colonelcy of the regi- ment. I am now surgeon-in-ohief of the division." " February 12th, 1865." " To Colonel Hammond : My official business is done by a clerk and I simply sign my name. The reason : a terrible cough, drenching night sweats, swollen feet and limbs and diarrhoea. Are not these sufficient to palsy the brain and band? Often have I tried with my will to arouse wj system to action and my mind to its duty, but as I crawled to bed I almost cursed the sluggish brain that balked my efforts." We gladly insert the following tribute to Dr. Woods, in a letter from Col. Hammond to Dr. H. M. Knight, of Lake- ville. Conn. " It will be impossible for me to think of writing any- thing that would do justice to the memory of one I loved so much. I could but poorly give yon an idea of the many trials and hardships as well as incidents of a pleasing character, through which myself and dear friend have passed together. "His frankness and determination won him a host of friends wherever ho went. He was ever quick to appre- ciate worth and kindness, and ever as ready to resent a ' •■M'i^. Fifth New York Cavalry. 287 ; at half past nine water, rusty gait r ufl ' an iron clad three days and had nut 29/A, 1864." receiving a paper, meat and approved neloy of the regi- diviflion." try 12th, 1865." usiness is done by reason: a terrible 3et and limbs and ilsy the brain and rill to arouse n;y , but as I crawled 1 that balked my to Dr. Woods, in Knight, ofLake- : of writing any- of one I loved so idea of the many ts of a pleasing ear friend have I him a host of quick to appre- ady to resent a m * * * * * wrong or injury. ^^ "^ » f f » j ^[\\ dose by saying that Dr. Woods was ever in my mind the most perfect type of a man I ever met." Dr. Woods graduated at the medical college of Pittsfield, Mass., in November, 1855. Captain (afterward Major) A. H. Keom. From the Oweyo Timei of May, 1864, we clip the follow- ing memorial : Hbad Quabtibs Fifth New York Cavalry, l Fairfax Court House, Va., Map 19tA, 1868. / This has been a high day for the officers and men of company G ; and well might it be so, for the boys were about to consummate a noble enterprise, and true merit was about to be rewarded. We may as well tell the story plain- ly. Capt. Krom had distinguished himself as a man and soldier in camp and in battle. On the 8d instant, during a severe engagement with Maj. Mosby's Rebel band, at War- renton Junction, Va., Capt. K. narrowly escaped with his life, bearing away two fearful wounds, one in his left leg, the other in the face. His horse was killed under him; but he had used his sabre with terrible effect upon the enemy, as only the man with a brave heart and strong arm can do. From that time he has been a cheerful sufferer in our hospital. He will doubtless recover, as is the strong desire of all his companions in arms. His absence from the company did not obliterate his memory from the boys. They have been busy raising funds among themselves, every man in the company contributing freely, and to-day we see the result — a beautiful $ash, sword and belt for the captain. At six o'clock p. M. the ceremony of presentation •^4Uxxuef:m^;mm:iMiiimi^s^fsai:^^iiasmtis»'' — -f jj; 288 Historic Rkcokds. W .1 I took place. The company were all prrsont, drawn up in line before the captain, who had been brought to his camp quarters on a stretcher, and seated in a large arm chair 8e- cured for the occasion. Many officers of the regiment nrere present, while ladies assisted in making the company coui- pK'te. The sword was presented by Lieut. Krohn, company G, who read the following address : " Etteemed Commander: The men who have the plea.«iure and honor of being under your command ; men who have learned to respect you for your uniformly kind and generoos conduct toward them, who have learned to love you as only soldiers can love their benefactor in the midst of danger and trial ; men who now admire you for your tried courage and undaunted bravery in battle ; these men have gathered around you to-day to express their deep gratitude to the kind Providence that has preserved your life to this hour, and to present to you a token expressive of their high ap- preciation of your military genius and valor. And what better could we give to one who has distinguished himself with the sabre in so many engagements, and especially on the 8d instant, at Warrenton Junction, Va., where you valiantly fought, and gUriously fell, bleeding from the wounds that remove you, only temporarily, we trust, from our mdist? What better could we present to such a hero than this sword ? " Captain, take this : I present it on behalf of these men, who desire never to have a better commander ; who pray God to restore you speedily to strength and to command again, that, with you, they may march on to conquest and to victory, and, if need be, to death, scattering the enemies ,i^'-- -f'^iitm ■ -«?..x.5^-&«?riUi^'iii^^-*4^^4^*iM* Fifth New York Cavalry. 289 rriiont, drawn up m brought to his camp large arm chair se- f the regiiuont -rere J the company corn- it. Krohn, company have the pleasure ad; men who have kind and generoua to love you as only le midst of danger rour tried courage tnen have gathered ) gratitude to the r life to this hour, of their high ap- ealor. And what nguished himself and especially on Va., wheire you eeding from the Ij, we trust, from ich a hero than alf of these men, nder ; who pray md to command to conquest and ring the enemies of our beloved country, and bearing aloft the ' Stare and Stripes' in proud triumph." The captain not being able to respond on account of his wounds, the chaplain of the regiment, who stood by, spoke as follows : " In behalf and by request of the captain, I wish to make a few remarks in response to the sentiments expressed by the company and the gift presented. He looks upon this a« one of the proudest days of his history, and the most memorable since he entered the service of his country. B'or nearly two years he has been your commander, while the very best of feeling has existed between you and him from tho first to the present, only with an increase of respect and affection. He has occasion to-day to ent«rtain the hope that the future, in this respect, will be but a repetition of the past. " As to his gratitude for your kindness so generously ex- pressed in the gift of this hour, it cannot be told. When a man is overwhelmed with a sense of thankfulness, words arc not adequate to the task of uttering the pent-up emo- tion. And his gratitude is greatly multiplied as he recog- nizes in this gift an expression, not only of personal regard toward him, but also of devoted loyalty to the cause of the Union, and of attachment to the good old flag, which he feels you are determined to bear forward until it shall wave in triumph over every land and sea. Men, you behold your captain, wounded and disabled ; but he wishes me to say to you that he hopes the time is not far distant, when his wonted strength and vigor will return to his now somewhat withered limbs — when again, at the shrill battle-notes of the bugle, he shall be permitted, with you, 20 W?«3^^ig^Bi«ii,i<.iisS>iS«(>«it*:*feii5v'^' .\>A-i«;v>v>fcj(*4iti^2a(iii*Steaid,-.i'J4i:fiSto9s 240 Historic Recurds. to leap forward to ^lorioufi conflict. Though wounded he ii not killed. In concluHion, allow me, on hia behalf, to bow to jou uU most heartfelt thanks." After this ceremony, the numerous guests and all the company were richly entertained with a sumptuous supper, gotten up by the captain. Thus ended an intcreBting chapter in the auiials of company Q, Filth Now York Cavalry. ■n. mW LlKUTBNANT (afterward Major) E. J. Barker. From v.ie of the April (1804) numbers of the Etux County Republican, we extract an interesting account of a sword presentation to Lieut. Barker, at a largo meeting, held at Hammond's Corners, Crown Point, when the vete- rans of uompaoy II were welcomed by the people, on their veteran furloughs. Hervey Spencer, Esq., having been requested by com- pany H, on behalf of the company, presented to Lieut. £. J. Barker a beautiful sword, purchased by the members of the company for gallant conduct in battle, particulurly that of Greenwich, May 80th, 1863. Mr. Spencer, in an able manner, addressed the young lieutenant, giving a short sketch of his gallant and manly bearing since entering the .service, reminding him of the due appreciation of hia conduct and bravery, by the brave men of his command, and as a testimonial of their love and esteem of him whiioi they had followed even to the can- non's mouth, presented him with this beautiful sword. Lieut. Barker, made a short but eloquent reply. He thanked them for this token of their regard for him. He said he had simply done his duty. That without their ■■■in. MMM Fifth New York Cavalry. 241 Though toounded , on hifl behalf, to guests and all the iuniptuous supper, 3d an interesting Fifth Now York couporation he oould have done nothing. IIo again feel- ingly thanked them for thoir beautiful present, and assured them that when they returned to tho field, that it should be faithfully wielded by him in the defense of his country, aa lung as armed treason existed within her borders. Tho gallant lieutenant was heartily cheered and congratu- lated fur his very appropriate and elegant remarks. J. Barker. era of the Euex Bsting account of t a large meeting, t, when the vetc- people, on their (quested by com- Bted to Lieut. E, by the members ittle, particularly essod the young illant and manly ling him of the 7, by the brave •f their love and 3ven to the can- iful sword. ■ reply. regard for him. It without their LiEDT. (afterward Capt.) Laurenok L. O'Connor. Wak DiPAKTMiNT, Washington D. C, Y April 2d, 1888. / St'r: I am directed by the secretary of war, to acknow- ledge the vigilance and fidelity with which it is reported, jou have in the discharge of your duty, as Provost Mar- shal at Fairfax Court House, watched contrabandists and prevented or broken up their disreputable and disloyal trade. Your integrity and oflBciency in the discharge of your duties merit and will receive the commendation of this department. Very respectfully your obedient servant, P. H. Watson, Assistant Secretary of War. Lieut. O'Connor, 5th N. Y. Cavalry, ) Provost Marshal, Fairfax, C. H., Va. J B ■i^^^iS^itiB&'il'fK.vM'ii^ikX^fiiiilii^.'--- 11. t («, CHAl'TER XIV. Iaili)<>noe oi Csmpnigning on our Men. — Who can best Rieist (bt EtUs. — Mear.8 Employed. — The Mail Bap, — The SpelliBg School. — Literary Classrtg. — Our Chapel Tents. — Our Tempo- ranee Club. — Meetings for Ueligious Worship. — The Effect ot • our Discipline. Many unavoidable influences have a very detrimental effect upv^n the niind of the soldier. His frequent expo- sures to the extremes of heat and cold, of hunger and thirst, of fatigue and excitement, with the general wear and tear of military life, debilitate body and mind together. OdIj men of the most steady habits, and of naturally strong phy- sical constitutions, can at all resist these influences; and even such m^n are more or less affected. Such influences the soldier experiences on the diflicult and daugeroiu picket; on the long, tedious march, through ruin, dust, or snow ; in the fierce conflict of battle, and, more emphaticail; still, in the dreary dungeon, and by the barbarous treatment of the enemy while a captive in his hands. Under th« above exigencies, the cavalry suffers more than the infantry- it is more constantly on duty, and, when in captivity, feels more poignantly the effects of the weary foot marches to which our prisoners have been so often subjected. Aside from these influences, affecting the entire mental manhood, are others which have only a moral bearing. .*-'■ V* ■-W^-^'^V i'^Mm I ... ■WiiMniMM Fifth New York Cavalry. 243 V. Who can best Rieisttht il Bag — The SpelliDg lel TentB.— Our Tompe- i^orship.— The Effect oa e 8 very detrimrnfal . His frequent expo- of hunger aad thirst, general wear aud tear uind together. Onlj naturally stxong phy- ;hese influences; and Such influences icult and dangerous hrough rain, dust, or more emphatically >arbarou8 treatment hands. Under ths than the infantry— in captivity, feels iry foot marches to subjected. g the entire mental a moral bearing. in First. t:ia, perhaps, most important of these, w the remo- val of the wkoletomt and normal restraints of virtuous soci- (ty, of home and its hailowed associations. These influences ifliiy not be entirely fo. gotten by the soldier, but in few cases onlj do they control him. Neither must it be ig- nored that his business, in great part, is demoralizing. He is taught and disciplined for one thing— to destroy and kill. Moreover, he is often compelled to execute orders of re- taliation for acts of brutality and murder, perpetrated by the enemy.' However noble may be the object sought, or wholesome the influence of the chastisement visited upon the evil-doers, these military necessities are far from being promoters of morality in the actors. While we doubt not that the ultimate influence of war is salutary on the body politic and social of a nation, yet it must be conceded that the actors in war, — soldiers in camp and field, are them- selves more or less demoralized. And this must be said evea of our army, the most intellectual and moral army ever known in the history of nations. Soldiering makes tome men ; it unmakes many. This regiment has had occasion to feel a due proportion of evil influences, which are inseparably connected with active military service. But there has been displayed a strong disposition to resist and overcome themj so that while evils Lave abounded among us, we are not without some tokens of mental and moral strength, as well as growth and development. These have been manifested, while in camp, through the mail-bag, which carried, on an average, aboat one hundred and twentv-five letters per day ; also in 'See page 176. 1 1 w- -i^i\ %" I K 244 Historic Records. literary classes, established in the spring of 1863, in men- tal arithmetic, phonography and French, which were kept ! up as long as camp life permitted, and evinced remarkable application and scholarship. Mention must also be mode of what the boys of the Old Fifth will never forget, of the spelling school, which was held regularly once a week, and called out crowded audiences of happy, thoughtful fellows. The following account of "Our First Spelling School in Gamp," is drawn partially from my diary and was publiHhed in February, 1864, in the New York Christian Advocate and Journal. Efforts had been put forth for several weeks to get the men out to the newly-erected chapel tent for religious ser- vices ; also for classes in reading, writing, spelling, arith- metic, phonography, etc., but the number scared did not appear commensurate to the occasions. Finally, while re- peatedly asking myself the question, "What can I do more?" my mind alighted upon what promised to meet the exigency of the times. Immediately I announced at the meetings, and to individuals whom I met, that on Mondij night, Feb. 15th, there would be a epelling school in the chapel. By the sparkle of many an eye I quickly saw that T had pulled on the right string. The appointed time for our first spelling school in camp drew near but too tardily. The evening was fine and the chapel full. We soon addressed ourselves to the business of the occasion. It was a season of intense enjoyment. The " choosing of sides" and the " spelling down," how much they reminded us of schoolboy days 1 Every one was happy in that remem- brance, and joyful in the new throbbings of intellectual life. The short intermission for rest, after the severe conflict, in M '■"■""—"'•■■""" lllVWnTiM' 'S. ng of 1863, in men- h, which were kept evinced remarkabis au8tal8obein.ideof never forget, of the •Jy once a week, and thoughtful fellom. Spelling School in ' and was published Vhriftian Advocate weeks to get the t for religious 8er- ng, spelling, arith- ir scared did not Finally, while re- 'What can I do )nnsed to meet the announced at the t, that on Mondaj ling school in the [ quickly saw that Jpointed time for • but too tardilj. full. We soon occasion. It was oosing of sides" reminded us of in that remem- intellectual life, ivere conflict, in FiFTU New York Cavalry. 245 ihicb troop "A" missed fire eleven times, and troop "B" CD, was spent in social parky, and ended with the " Star- 9gled Banner," Bung with an unusual zest. Spelling was continued with such interest that the shrill II call took us all by surprise, and we dispersed, each Ifrtiing that long would be remembered the spelling school, lit which our pedagogue was the chaplain, and our spelling- |iiook, the Army Regulations ! I regard this enterprise as a great success in my line of atj as chaplain. For, FxTit. Anything that will stimulate the mind toward Uneral improvement, must be beneficial. The peculiar trials, habits and labors of the soHier, very naturally be- I Dumb his intellect, and, in a great measure, incapacitate him for mental and moral improvement. Hence ordinary influcDces fail to reach him. Something peculiar must be iried. This was furnished by the spelling-school movement. Second. Memories of childhood's innocence and youth's isipressive lessons at the home fireside, at the church and khool, are the most potent influences which can be brought to bear on the soldier's heart and conduct. Those may be iroused, to a certain extent, by the chaplain's ordinary labor, but to a much greater extent by this novel spelling-school movement. Third. The ohapli'n's influence in the regiment is pro- portionate to his real >. luaintance with the men. This he may gain by various m ans : by distributing pape " from tent to tent; by visitin the sick at the hospital and at tlieir quarters; by the public services for preaching; by iae Sunday school or Bible class, and other social, religious a.^tcmblies ; but in all these he appears in his official capa- ■.>tL.J V'5'>«t»l-^-'ray-V'*>S".-:^W.BJ.1V'-'. if»^ .».V>^Jl -.^^'V ■■- V*-:(*t\^-j;SiaS., . ... .^.Jj^-r •.r^V.*»'tl^. " *v iiv?- 246 lIisTouic Records. city, and tbo soldier who is so disposed, has ample opportn- 1 nity to prepare himself to repel every approach. Not so ! whea the chaplain comes as the schoolmaster, the good- natured schoolmaster of bygone days. The chaplain thus, though not with the intention of the spy, approaches una- 1 wares to the heart of the soldier, and then has power to do him good. While I do not ignore any ordinary means of chaplain's service, I heartily rejoice in the spelling-school movement. Our second spelling school in camp, Providence per- mitting, , will be held on Monday evening, Feb. 22d, the anniversary of Washington's birthday. For all these privileges we were much indebted to the U. S. Christian Commission, which furnished us with large flies or paulons and stoves, with which we were able to construct rude, but comfortable chapel tents. These tonts were built of large logs or trees, notched at the ends, and thus fitted one on the other, for the walls, while the whole was covered over by means of the flies furnished by the Commission. By a careful application of mud — that Virginia mortar with which every soldier is so familiar— to the crevices between the logs, then by flooring with pine boughs, or boards, as opportunity allowed, we secured places for our public assemblies, resembling those of our pioneers in the wdstern wilda, and rivaling for comfort, if not for architecture, those of our northern homes. In these chapels were also evidenced our moral and religious tendencies. Not only to the classes and schools did the boys turn their attention, but night after night many could be seen wending their way from their tents to the meetings for temperance, and for religious worship. An honorable ■^^■m'c yafe^i*ivr.--;v.'* ;,)f.^--i^;^;^jr.ji-':>„- ^^y.i. ■•:■■.;• „ I'iFTH New York Cavalry. 249 ncroll, superscribed with a total abstinence pledge, contains the names of upward two hundred men of the regiment. On this subject I quote from my diary. Fehruarjf 21st, 1864. It is gratifying to see that notwith- standing the almost universal custom of dram drinkin(f in the army, the subject of temperance meets with general ac- ceptation when it is fairly presented to soldiers. On Wed- iicsday evening, the 17th instant, I lectured on the trite sub- ject of the " physical and mental influences of intemper- ance." A lively interest was awakened. I at once pro- [losed the organization of a temperance society. At least one-half the audience voted for it. A committee was ap- pointed, who drafted the following preamble and pledge : " We, the undersigned members of the Fifth New York Cavalry, desiring to strengthen each other against the evils of intemperance and to save therefrom our comrades in arms, if possible, do hereby form ourselves into a society to be known as ' The Fifth New York Cavalry Temperance Club,' and agree to conform to the following pledge: I hereby solemnly pledge myself, on the honor of a gentleman and soldier, to abstain entirely from the use of all intoxicat- ing liquors." This evening our chapel was crowded for a temperance meeting. Chaplain Roe, Second N. Y. Cavalry, gave us a spicy talk on the degrading influences of intemperance. Mr. James H. Bond, of Co. A, followed him, giving us " bits " of personal experience, and deepening the interest already awakened. I then offered the pledge. The invi- tation was promptly responded to and by greater numbers than had been expected by the most sanguine. Several maue remarks as they came up to the noble work. One ; -.:)f^iitTO«!«''«'.'^'*'^«'»C--l*^'*M<».-«inK **,hl.! ^ .Mnpi.«*;i- ->^-xtuft*ie^t:.<*i'*;imnitiitMiM>Sil''''- ^fif (MftMrtiKOiH-^ S50 Historic Records. said, " How glad will mother be when she hears of this." Another, " My wife would rejoice to know what I am doing." Some one asked, " When a soldier deserts the country's cause we shoot him ; what shall we do to him who deserts this cause ?" ' " Shoot him," was the almost unanimous reply. One officer came forward, saying, " he could not bear being stumped by a private." The work went ou gloriously. Forty-seven names were on our list before the meeting closed ; forty-three in the column, " for life," and four, " for term of service." The meeting was one of intense interest— I think we never can forget it. At a later date I wrote as follows : ninety-five have given their names. Our meetings are large and interesting. A pledge also against profanity is being circulated with success. ATprU 29 him who dflserts ilmost unanimous g, " he could not 16 work went ou lur list before the in, •' for life," and rest — I think we Krrote as follows: lur meetings are ainst profanity is )ld camp ground, led the pledge, in le owner of the of the eminence ce Hill," a name go down to his- m from intemper- mentioned, while of reforms even for divine wor- winter quarters, ted by our own or starry decked eneraliy well at- influence on the regiment. CHAPTER XV. Life in Southern Prisons. — Personal Ezperienoe of the Author. — Capture. — Gen. Stuart. — Incidents of March to Staunton, Va., from Pennsylvania. — Libby Prison, Richmond. — Cruelties of Managers. — State of Rooms. — Vcriiin. — Rations. — The Soup. — Water. — Richmond Papers. — '■ Skirmishing." — Bone Cut- ting.— The Debating Club. — "Libby Lice- (-see-' em," (Lyceum). — The Weekly Libby Chronicle. — Literary Classes. — Religious Seryices. — The Author Preaches to our Prisoners in Pemher- lon Castle. — Wretched Condition of our Men. — Release. — What he Brought with him. — Diary of Sufferings at Salis- bury, N. C Untold Wretchedness at Andersonville, Ga. — List of Men who Died in Rebel Prisons. Life in southern prisons presents us by far the darkest picture of the war. The cruel treatment of prisoners during the dark ages of the past, seems but as a pleasant pastime, compared to that inflicted upon our brave men at Richmond, Salisbury, Columbia, Andersonville, and at other places, by the professedly chivalrous people of the south. The statis- tics of these pages show, that while the enemy killed but wventy-five of our men in battle, he killed one hundred and fourteen in his prisons. Though this proportionate loss may not exist in every regiment which has participated in this struggle, yet the world will stand aghast at the figures, —if a correct computation is ever made, — exhibiting the amount of mortality occasioned by this cause alone. The outlines of prison life 'are too well known throughout 1' 16 i l! i n • 'i4?'M5'i^Vij'*.S!l^-*'i';S>««l2JM^-'*»'V'-»'*«?*-^»'»-<^^ -y jHfa>tJ- ■.-.^-r-r 252 IIiSTOuic Records. the country to warrunt us in givin<^ uiore than a brief uketch of pergonal uxperioDco, by men of tho regiment. The author, who, with hundreds uf others, sojourned lor a season in the t'uuious Libby Prison, rejoices in an opportunity ot publishing in these records, a few letters, which set forth what he saw, what he did and what he endured while among the ilebels. NiAB Stacntoh, V»., ■> July nih, 18G3. / Mif Dear P. R. : I never wrote you under so embarrassing and peculiar circumstances; nor do I know that my letter will e\«r be of any avail. I am a poor, wretched prisoner of war 1 Sunday morning, tho 6th instant, near Monterey (x ^ . Pa., during Gen. Kilpatrick's raid on the Rebel train, retreating from Gettysburg, I was surrounded by the enemy and captured. Others with me shared the same fate. It was hard to say, I surrender." It vas Jenkins' cavalry that had done the deed. Being a chap- lain and my horse my own and not the government's, it wia promised me that as soon as I reached Gen. Stuart's head- quarters, I would be released and none of my property would be molested. True as the chivalry are able to bo to their promises, on reaching the general, I was immediately released — of my horae and of all hopes of liberty. A per- sonal interview with the general and earnest pleadings were in vain. Gen. S. is a fine looking officer. His features arc distinct in outline, his nose long and sharp, his eye kceu and restles-sly on the lookout. His complexion is florid. He wears a gray plush hat with a black feather ; has plain uniform, and a short bowie knife by his side with ivory handle, attached to his person by a golden chain. He seems to trust no man to do what he can possibly do himself. But ^> ' s?v'-',.'Miiniii ■^''.--^iM-^iisr*-^'*?-'.., ^5^, ^K>i. Fifth New York Cavalry. 258 > than ft brief Of^inient. Tlie led lor a scasun opportunity ot 'hich set forth endured while HINTOH, Va., \ I 17M, 18tt8./ 30 embarrassing that my letter 3tched prisoner instant, near 's raid on the vas surrounded me shared the ider." It Wis Being a chap- nmcnt's, it wtu Stuart's head- r my property •e able to be to immediately erty. A per- ladings were is features arc his eye kceu xion is florid. ler; has plaiu de with ivory ■tin. He seenu himself. But there is more chivalry in the exterior than in the interior, I fear. HafT. 1 at every point, dismounted and dispirited, I spent n miserable Sabbath, I assure you, traveling nearly all day uver the Gatoctin mountains into Maryland. Monday evening, the 6th, after a dreary day of marching and filling — for our rations were short and poor, — the (uluiun had halted and the prisoners sought sleep on the !^oft grass. I had just fallen into a doze, when I was nmscd up by a strange voice, calling '• Chaplain Filth New York Cavalry." Looking up, I beheld a Rebel lieutenant, with whom I had oonverHi-d a little during the day, who (topped up toward me with a cup of smoking hot coffee and afine piece of warm bread. "There, chaplain, I thought you might be hungry, and brought you this for your supper." I was quite overcome with gratitude at an act so unexpected and 80 rare, and my heart leapt up for joy, as at the sight of the first flower of spring. That, I think, was a noble man, though he was a Rebel, and I have not found another among them like him. On Wednesday, the 8th, we were pat across the Potomac at Williamsport. The Rebel army was very much discouraged - and demoralized. The officer of the guard on reaching the " Old Virginy Shore," flung his sword on the ground, exclaiming with much feeling, 'Lie there, and I never will cross this river again on an expedition of this kind." Many Rebels appeared to feel aa he did. Near Washington Springs, not far from Winchester, we Sfient two days to rest. There were about 200 officers, prison- era, with me, and about 4,000 privates. While at the Springs we heard of the fall of Vicksburg. An amusing I m I i 9% "*H" 354 HiBTORio Records. m- m Hid intoreating incident here took place. A little slave mulatto boy, about twelve years of ago, wai« asked wliom he liked bcBt, the " Rebs " or the " Yanks ?" Soarooly willing to answer, as there were more llubels around him than Yankees, he hung his head down a little while, but finally looking up with his large, intelligent eyes, he said, *' The Yanks." All joined in a hearty laugh over the un- expected answer. I then asked, " Why do you like the Yanks best?" "Because they don't sell me," was the quick and emphatic reply, astonishing us all at his wisdom and understanding. At Winchester I had an interview with Gen. luiboden. I failed to obtain relief, but obtained a storm of abusive words. With varied experiences I have come up this valley, traveling in all, since my capture, about 200 miles, on an average of twenty miles per day. The soles of my feet are a complete blister. To-morrow we .expect to take the oars at Staunton for Richmond. If I ever get a chance, I will send you my letter, if not, I will try to preserve it. Ever yours, L. N. B., Chaplain 6th N. Y. Cav. LiBBT Pbison, Richmond, Va., ) September Itt, 1868. / Jl/y Dear P. R: I hope you have received my former letter which I sent secretly by ,who was more fortunate than the most of us, and got away on a special exchange. On the 23d ultimo, I received two of your letters. Oh! what joy they were to me in my prison house; Every flag of truce boat brings and carries mail, but we have to write only one page for a letter, and it has to be read in the ofliee below, before it can pass. ' Yours meet the same fate before ',=*w.'^.. Fifth New York Cavalry. 265 . A little Hiave a8ked wlioin he Soaroolj willing ound him than ittle while, but it ejros, he said, igh over the un- lo jou like the 1 me," was the 1 at hia wisdotu 1 GeD. Imboden. Aitm of abusive e up this valley, iOO milea, od an of my feet are a take the cara at chance, I will rve it. ITS, N. Y. Cav. |hmond, Va., 'I er III, 1868. / ed my former more fortunate ecial exchange. letters. Oh! e; Every flag have to write i in the oflice me fate before reaching me. You say you are very anxious to know how wo fare. I will tell you. As we expected when I wrote you, we reached this place on Saturday evening, the 18th July. From the depot we were marched to the priaun, which stands on the corner of 20th and Gary streets. It is a largo brick building, about 185 feet long and 105 foot wiilo, three stories high on Gary street, and four stories hiifh back on the canal. Next to the street is a row of cells uo'lcr ground. On the corner of the building is a sign with " Libby & Son," from which the prison takes its name. Two heavy walls divide the building into three nearly equal parts making nine large rooms above ground. By means of openings or doors through these walls, access may be bad from one room to the other. You will shudder when I tell you that these rooms are so infested with vermin, ti.at you cannot escape their loathsome presence. The windows around us are mostly barred, though some are not. So much, then, for the place where we live, I mean, stay. I will now give you some specimens of the men who rule over us. On arriving at the prison, we were unceremoni- ously introduced to Dick Turner, who, having conducted us , into the reception hall, fell to pillaging ue. I was quickly delivered of my poncho, haversack and cant«en. My money was not taken, for what little I had was Gonfed.; that they did not want. Those who had greenbacks were soon relieved of their burden, unless their treasure waa concealed. While this work was going on, Turner took a piece of shell from a lieutenant's pocket, which he was patting in his own. The robbed man said, " I did not know that you had a right to take such things." " No light ? " retorted Dick angrily, and at the same time, hit •':)' 4 a 256 Historic Rkcouds. the lieutenant a fearful bio v with his hand upon the faco, nearly knocking him down, and then ordered him to be put into a cell. During the warm summor days, the prisoners discovered a scuttle hole through the roof, through which we could climb by means of a ladder, where, in the cool of the even- ing, wo could spend a few moments, freed from the stench and heat of the rooms below, and hav3 an opportunity of looking at the bright sky overhead. Dick Turner, having learned that we could thus obtain a few inspirations of pure, fresh air, came into our rooms furiously mad, and forbade our going on the roof again. They sometimes say they starve us because they have not suflScient bread, but why can't they give us aii- ? The guards who patrol about the prison and live in tents across the way, are generally aft«r the same pattern of Turner. If a man steps near the win- dow, to view the scene beyond, or breathe a purer atmos- phere, he is at once ♦ .d to step back, or is fired.on. These are the men (if it be proper to call them so), at whose beck we are driven to and fro, and on whose cruel hands we depend for our daily bread. I will now tell you what they furnish us to eat. In the morning they bring us about twelve ounces of broad and three ounces of boiled beef. At night they bring us about a pint of rice soup, in such pails, and of such sort, that to get it down at all, we must do so without either seeing, smelling or tasting. This is all we have to live upon, not enough to average one meal per day. I have been so \reak fx-om hunger, as to be compelled to lie down much of the time, and unable to rise, without a painful dizziness in my head. One night they brought our soup to us late. It was MM hand upon the face, 1 ordered hiui to be prisouers discovered igh which we could ihe cool of the even- eed from the stench 3 an opportunity of )ick Turner, having inspirations of pure, y mad, and forbade sometimes say they ient bread, but why ho patrol about the , are generally after . steps near the wiu- athe a purer atmos- • is fired,on. These 1 so), at whose beck )8e cruel hands m k us to eat. In the unoes of broad and they bring us about f such sort, that to bout either seeing, 'e to live upon, not t have been so \reaic '0 much of the time, ziness in my head. ) us late. It was ifl rfri--- '■i-^.*^A^*S.iv-i.' ■tnlwimM MIWBIWllMWpw*?™'- Fifth New York Cavaluy. 259 dark and could not be seen. The next morning wherever a sediment could be found ia pails or ciapa, big maggots took the place of rice. The soup was made of old bacon . JIany prisoners were sick at the thought of what they had eaten. The water we have to drink is from JaincH river, and in consequence of recent rains, it is so roily, that to fill a cup and let it stand an hour, you can find half an in --..il--A»-*jt-';-JT 2G0 lIisToiiic Recouds, expend on nn avorapje of 3650 Confed. daily. Thin ig u great privilege which most of the prisoners enjoy. How- ever, some have no money, and are compelled to live on their scanty rations. Yours, at times very lonely, L. N. B., Chaplain 5th N. Y. Cav. LiBBY Peison, Riolimond, Va., I tetober 6th, 1803. ( J/y Dear P. R.: In my last I gave you a description of our fare, I will now tell you how we spend our time. Wc ore generally roused in the morning by the cry of black Ben: — "All four copies of de morning papers! Great news in de papers 1" He finds a ready sale for his insigni- ficant sheets, which are as free of literary taste as they arc of truth, though we have to pay twenty-five cents per copy Between the reading of these and tho performance of our toilet, the morning hours pa^s away. Then comes the work in bones, bones from the beef supplied us. You would wonder to see the crosses, rings, books, boxes, stars, hearts &c., which I have already manufactured with an old jack- knife and a little file. So.ne of the prisoners spend all their time in this work. In fact, hone on the brain is a diseiuse almost as universal as that other which prompts to "skir- mishing," a habit the prisoners have of taking oflF their clothes and picking them. This is done to keep down fl»u'- mal life, which, here, is very exuberant. But this mere change between bone cutting and "skirmishing," became too monotonous, and some of ua have organized a debating society, which is known as " The Libby Lice-I-see-'em," (Lyceum). In this body grave questions are discussed, besides those that are not so grave, and many momeuts are whiled awny — ■iimwMWffiiwg'^'-'-' Fifth Xew York Cavaluy. 261 3njoy. How- ed to live on ^f. Y. Cav. lond, Va., 1 5th, 18(58. f escriptiou of ir time. Wo cry of black jera ! Great r his iusigni- ! na thoy arc Qts per copy. jance of our les the work You would stars, heartvS an old jack- 2nd all their is a disease 3ts to "skir- ig oflF their p down ajit- it this mere ' became too ting society, (Lyceum). sides those liiled away filoa.santly. The subject of Mesmerism attracted very able (libatera, who entertained us several days with instructive speeches and some amusing experiment's. From these debates sprang the idea of mock trials aud lectures, which liavo displayed no little amount of humor, wit and literary ability. The debating club have also organized a newspaper af»so- elation, and have appointed me editor-in-chief of the weekly Jyibbj/ ChronkleA This is now the great focus of attraction. Friday morning of each week at ten o'clock, if you could peep into the east room, upper floor, you would see It filled with an attentive audience, while the columns of the Chronicle are being read, of course, from manuscript. To aid in the quickening of our intellectual life, a few days ago, an opportunity was offered for purchasing books from the city, and immediately Libby Prisoa was converted into one of the highest literary institutions of the south, i'ou will hardly believe m^, when I tell you that we have classes in arithmetic, algebra and geometry, in philosophy, history, theology and medicine, while the languages, Greek, Latin, German, Italian, Spanish and French, are each stu- "died with peculiar delight. My French class alone numbers about one hundred members. And last, but not least, comes tiie class in phonography, which can boa«t of nearly two hundred. In this we have no books. But by means of a poncho, thrown over a shelf, a narrow blackboard is made, on which, with a piece of chalk, I delineate the mysterious taaracters, which the prisoners readily learn. Already articles for the Chronicle have been received, in phonographic characters. ' Wee Appendix. ■^- t*>t«v-iV!^*'-itaf*'jiB«%i(»'w^4A , 262 HisToiuc Records. You see that many of us are very busy, especially when vou add to the above studies and oooupations, the houra spent in singing and in religious worship. From two to four sermons are preached per week, alternating between the nine chaplains who are prisoners here. Every evening an hour is devoted to a meeting for social worship in which many take a lively interest. These interesting seasons are often followed by a reunion for singing, during which the prison walls are made to echo with our best patriotic airs, sung with a aest seldom known elsewhere. Chaplain McCabe, one of the most impressive singers I ever heard, generally takes the lead. I have often wondered, that the authorities did not veto this privilege, as the guards around the prison are oilen heard to curse and hiss with madness, at the sentiments of our songs. Having thus spent the day and evening, we seek rest upon tke hard floor, along which the prisoners lie, close- packed, like sardines in a can. To the hard Poor and t\v, " pesky varmints" many sleepless hours are (!•.. oted, which, however, are licqaeutly beguiled by the cracking of jokes, and the calling iiji, by mnans of catechetical questioning and answering, ))|| ijiii Immurous scenes and incidents of the day. Sleep at last comes with dreams of home and bet- ter days; but we awake ngain to the reality of prison life. Yesterday — which was Sunday — I was permitted to visit Pemberton Castle, across tl^e way from Libby, where I preached to about 1,800 of our brave boys, who were cap- tured at Chiokauuiuga, and whose officers are in Libby. I found these men in the most wretched condition. On being brought here they were stripped of overcoats, blank- ets, ponchoes, haversaoks and canteens. Their rooms arc a Fifth Nkw York Cavalry. 268 pecially when ns, the hours From two to g between the y evening an hip in which ig seasons are Dg which the patriotic airs, e. Chaplain I ever heard, ered, that the ;uards around rith madness, we seek rest iTS lie, close- f'oor and t\u . )ted, which, iug of jokes, 1 questioning incidents of rome and bet- prison life, uitted to visit bj, where I rho were cap- re in Libby ndition. On ■coata, blank- ir rooms are filthy and full of vermin, evev? worse than Libby. The stench from the rear, unchecked by any doors, floods the rooms with a nausea the most sickening and deadly. These poor, half-naked men, spend their nights walking to and fro in the rooms, unable to sleep from the cold, which, at this treason of the year, is quite intense. Their rations are less than those given to the officers in Libby. During my stay ill the Castle I found nearly 200 men, so siok, that they were not able to raise their heads I'rom the dirty floor, where they lay without blankets, nor even a stick of wood t'ur a pillow. I was so much afi'eoted on seeing them as almost to incapacitate me to preach to them. At the close of the services they brought me a package of about 175 letters for their friends, which the authorities refused to transmit for them, and which I promised to send — a few at a time — through the channel open to the officers. I enjoyed the walk to and from the Castle, and rejoiced on reaching my room in Libby, that my condition was so de- sirable, compared to that of others. There are some rumors that the chaplains are soon to be unconditionally released. It may be so. Yours hopefully, L. N. B., Chaplain 6th N. Y. Cav. . On Board Flag-of-'f race Boat, New York, In the James, off City Point, Va October 7 264 Historic Recouds. ly griiflF way. Such packing up 1 it took not many momenta. I hastily stuffed the files of the Libhy Chronicle in mj boot 'egs, carefully secured in my ooat pocket 123 letters from the prisoners of Pembertoa Castle and of Libby, which were brought me as soon as it was known I wa« going, put my Spanish grammar under my arm, hid inj treasures of worked " bones " in my pants pockets, and drew around me, over all, a shawl which they had not purloined from me. There were fears that we would be searched as we had been upon entering Libby. Those of my friends, who knew how many documents and letters I had on my person, sought to have me leave them, as their discovery by the authorities would cost me prolonged imprisonment, and, doubtless, too, in a dingy cell. But T had promised our poor fellows in the Castle that I would care for their letters, and was bound to do so at any cost, nor was I willing to leave behind me the pages to which I had devoted so many hours of careful study. I ran a fearful risk. We were not searched, and the precious relics are mine. The letters I will seal, put stamps on them, and mail thei^ on reaching Washington. A little before daybreak we bade good bye to our friends and fellow-sufferers, sad to leave them there, and turned our backs on Libby. On passing to the street, the guard were crying out, as was their custom at stated periods of the night, "Post No. 1, all's well," "Post No. 2, all's well," &c. It was the first time we had seen the " all's well " in the light it then appeared. Only eight of us were released, Chaplains Jos. T. Brown, 6th Md. Vols.; E. C. Ambler, 67th Pa. Vols.; D. C. Eber- hart, 87th Pa. Vols.; James Harvey, 110th Uhio Vols.; E. W. Brady, 116th Ohio Vols; Geo. H. Hammer, 12th ft^l^^MfMlWWIW ■MMMinMllHi ■» ¥■ -" Fifth New Youk Cavalry 266 many moments. 'hroHicle in mj sket 123 letters and of Libby, 18 known I wag f arm, hid inj ckets, and drew I not purloined searched as we y friends, who on my person, Boovery by the onment, and, promised our •r their letters, aa I willing to i'oted 80 many sk. We were . The letters 4 on reaching Jade good bye 3 them there, to the street, lorn at stated " " Post No. had seen the )s. T. Brown, D. C. Eber- tihio Vols.; immer, 12tb Pa. Cavalry; 0. Taylor, 5th Mich. Cavalry, and myself. Chaplain C. C. McCabe, 122d Ohio Vols., was compelled to remain, sick in the hospital. Before sunrise we left the Rebel capital for Petersburg, where we changed cars for City Point, and at twelve M., fo the first time, after many liinjj days df waiting, we beheld our glorious starry flag, floating at Toast head on the flag-of-truce steamir. A few moments more and we were beneath its protecting folds and among our friends. Too much cannot be said in praise of Major Mulford, agent of exchange, on board the New York, who sought by every means in his power to make U8 comfortable and happy. The rest of the story I will tell you when I come, as I expect a leave of absence on arriving at Washington. Yours, for Home and the Flag, L. N. B., Chaplain 5th N. Y. Cav. Thti following account of prison experience will be found full of interest : I was captured in the fight at Cedar creek, the 12th No- vember, 1864, by the 4th Virginia Cavalry. They took my liorse equipments, pocket book, knife, trinkets, boots and Kpurs, and marched aie off with about 150 other prisoners from our division, to Rosser's headquarters near New Mar- ket, where was served out to us a pint of flour each, all we got for thirty-six hours. Hero we were stripped and searched. When remonstrance was made, they said they were looking for commissions. Our good clothes were taken from us and we were obliged to take their filthy rags. On the 15th we were sent from New Market to Staunton, a distance of forty-three miles, where we arrived the 17th, '^1 ^^ ^^p«a' w '■■«•»««■•'.«/««)«*' »W J- .w»«««i ■■ ■^Jf'*' 206 IIisTouic Records. almost nakod, having been robbed and plundered the whole of the way, even to the cutting off of our buttons. Here we were served with rations, four crackers and one quarter pound of beef to each man, and closely confined iu a strung log guard house. The 21st we were put on a iVeight train and sent to Richmond, being eighteen hours on the cura. Here we wore confined in Libby Prison one night. Next morning we were stripped and searched again, meanwhile receiving the greatest abuse. After the search we were placed in Pemberton Castle. Wo suffered very much for want of food and clothes, it being piercing cold. December 2>d. Serveu out two days' rations, consisting of one small loaf of bread and one fifth of a cod-fish. Next day we were crowded in freight oars and sent to Danville, where we arrived at eight o'clock p. M., and were confined in the cars all night, without being able to get a drink of water ; and some of the men were in the greatest filth. December 5th. Changed cars. A few others and myself were put in a car with fifty embalmed bodies. Changed cars again at Greensboro', and, at ten o'clock at night, were put on a freight train, with one hundred men in each car, and so closely packed that it was not possible to sit down. Two men died in the night from suffocation. At three A. M. next day we arrived at Salisbury, N. C. and made a stand in the road, mud ankle deep, until nine o'clock, when we were marched to prison. It was once a cotton mill, sur- rounded by a high fence, strongly guarded, and commanded by three twelve pounders. It is a hard place. Being the last batch, we have no tents nor any kind of shelter yet, and from sixty to eighty dying every day from actual starvation. DeceTnher 1th. It ruined and froze hard last night, and poor. MMM Fifth New York Cavalry. 267 3red the whole uttuns. Here id one quarter 0(1 iu a strong I freight train s on the cars. night. Next in, meanwhile irch we were iry much for d. US, oonsistiog d-fiah. Next i to Danville, were confined St a drink of est filth. i and myself iS. Changed at night, were in each oar, to sit down. 1. At three and made a •'clock, when A)Q mill, 8ur- 1 commanded Being the Iter yet, and il starvation. ;ht, and poor, half-naked men are in a miserable plight. It is heart- rending to see some of them, with their famished looks and mere skeleton forms. December Slh. The guard (68th N. C. regiment) received orders to fire on any of us seen walking about the yard, or |{oing *iO the rear after nundown. That night they killed two men and wounded another. In the morning they shot a man in a tent asleep. I reported the sentry to Major Gee, in command. He questioned the sentry about it, whose excuse was, that he had three niggers in line and never expected such a shot again, but he happened to miss them and killed this man. He was praised for the act and received a forty days' furlough. December 10th. We feel the cold very much. The groand is covered with snow. Men are to be seen almost froitni to death — hands and feet frozen, in several cases — in every direction. A great many died during the night fVom exposure and want of food. We have been kept seventy- five hours without rations, and in the meantime the Rebels tried to persuade us to enlist, by offering a bounty of fifty dollars, one loaf of bread, and a canteen of whiskey — " the isrgest bounty," they said, " ever offered in the Confede- racy." They got some recruits — men who were afraid of starving to death, and enlisted to save their lives. December IQth. Several escaped, myself in the number. I got within twenty miles of our lines, was recaptured, and brought back to prison again. We are tunneling, and ex- pect soon to make another break. January ith. Eighty-six men in the dead house, who died during the night. Thirty of my men^ died since I ' He had charge of a division of one thousand men. iw- V ^^'' r-a^jre(&-i^aain%«?*»?*«W^!SSI^f^^ ^^ ^ ^ > '^ A o 7 \\ Vki iMidiK- IMAG": EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 l.i Ki 1^ 1122 :: MS 1112 1.8 Photographic Sciences Corpomtion n 1.25 1.4 j6 << 6" ► 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. H580 (716) 873-4503 i.|i II . 1 1 11 I K i .i!.ai.). ir! i «l |S !., i JI.-i l »ilJJ.W,IIM I l>fV' ' -.Wj!j»>ffJ)!^^l^^^ ti r- %5-< X? CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. ^ o^ Canadian institute for Historicai l\/licroreproduction8 / Institut Canadian de microreproductiont hiatoriquea 1981 :--*-■*.■..■ ■■■•-•mi* I -■■■.i'l,' w 268 Historic Recouds. 1: ■.'t< came here. Four companies of Yanks that were enlisted here, from time to time, and fully equipped, in Florence killed their Rebel officers, hung their Sergeant Major for interfering seiied four pieces of artillery, and effected their escape to 3ep. Sherman's lines. January Qth. Quarter rations, consisting of meal, made from corn and corn-cobs groucd together, and baked into bread. January 12th. I have several men without any kind of shelter. A great many have dug holes in the ground to live in, working at them with a part of a canteen, a nail, or piece of iron, or any thing they can get, not being allowed any tools. Thirty-nine men died last night. The commis- sairy has nothing to issue to the prisoners, no food of any kind. There is plenty outside the prison, but not for us. January IHtfi. Three table-spoonfuls of molasses issued to each man, and one quart of vinegar to every hundred men. January 20tk. One of my men dropped dead while trying to eat some soup, made of rice and water. Another tunnel is finished. Ten of us escape from prison, are seen snd fired on by the guard. Three men, with myself, got wi far as Morgantown, a distance of eighty-four miles, when we were recaptured and brought back to prison again. January 2Sth. A men, sent out to the dead house for dead, comes to life in tho dead cart on his way to be buried, and is brought back to the hospital, where he recovers. January SOth. The Rcbs are trying to get more recruito. Last night a man was robbed of seventy dollars in green- backs and three hundred in Confed. that he was fortunate enough to secure, in hopes of sometime making his escape. irijr»i-.w mm^iimM'mi mt were enlisted )ed, in Florence, rgeant Major for ad effected their g of meal, made and baked into out any kind of n the ground to iQtecn, a nail, or Dt being allowed t. The comrnis- no food of any >ut not for OS. molas&cs issued every hundred ead while trying Another tunnel n, are seen and yself, got Rfi far miles, when we again. dead house for ay to be buried, e recovers. it more recruite. illars in green- le was fortunate cing his escape. Fifth New York Cwalby. February Sd. Two men only allowed to go once a day to bring the allowance of wood for each hundred men. Februory f)th. Sixty-five men escaped over the fences last night. It is thought the guard assisted them, as some of them also are missing. February Hth. There have been, up to this date, five thou- sand seven hundred and fifty deaths in this prison, out of nine thousand, in less than three months. February llth. Men suffering very much from scurvy. The small-pox has also broken out. Got one quart of vine- gar to each hundred men to-dr-y. February lith. Capt. Porter, 18th Mass., Maj. Howard, 4th N. Y. Mounted Rifles, and a Capt. of the 146th N. Y. S. Vols., whose name I don't remember, commenced issuing a iew blanket* the government sent us last November, but were kept in Richmond, until the cold is nearly over, by tl Rebel authorities there. February ISth. Three hundred prisoners came here from Andersonville and Charlotte. Pants, blouses and shirta were issued by the above-named officers, one hundred of .each to a division, consisting of one thousand men. February 20th. I am making out rolls of the men able to bear a journey. We are going to to be paroled when these rolls are finished. February 22d. Sending sick to Richmond. The rest were fallen in on the square ; a parole was read to us and about noon we left the prison, marched to South Atkia, six miles rom Salisbury, and camped for the night. FAruary 23rf. Marched out early. Passing through Lexington a lady gave me a gingerbread cake that was most acceptable. Four miles beyond the town wo camped. ««wiwa««»K«w«s*» 270 Historic Bscords. Fehruarit 2\lh. Marched along the railroad. A great many men gave out, not being able to stand the march. We passed through Thomasville, then on to High Point, where we camped for the night. February 2,Qth. Having reached Greeasboro' we were put on the oars and sent to Goldsboro' by way of Ra- leigh, where we had to wait until parole papers were made out. I had to pay forty dollars (Confed.) for my dinner there on the 27th. Parole papers made out, we were put on board oars for Wilmington, where we arrived safely. The moment we beheld the Old Glory, three enthusiastic cheers burst Arom one and all. It was gladdening to think we wore under ita protection once more. The dear old ^, may it never lose tt star ! On getting into town, the U. S. Sanitary Commission did everything they could to alleviate our suffering. March lit. I drank my first cup of coffee since my im- prisonment. It ia reported, that when Gen. Schofield, commanding department, saw our wretched condition from starvation, he gave orders to put the prisoners he took on capturing Wilmington, on quarter rations, and reduce them to skin and bones. March 8d. Left Wilmington on the Esoort. March bfh. Crossed the Bar and embarked on the Her- man Livingston for Annapolis, Md., via Fortress Monroe. March 10th. Disembarked at our destination, received compensation money, Ac, Ac, and got things comfortable once more. (Extracts from the Diary of John Evans, Esq., of the Fifth New York Cavalry). Chaplain: You can never know how much we have suf- fered. Tongue cannot tell nor pen describe the suffering and i i iiiii wimi.]j i i i iii > » < d on the Hei- ress Monroe, tion, received ^ comfortable 1 Evans, Esq., I we have suf- I suffering and HMBtHR Fifth Nbw Yoek Cavalry. 271 oad. A great be march. We High Point, boro' we were y way of Ra- lera were made for my dinner t, we were put iriived safely, ee enthusinstio jning to think The dear old ommission did since my im- en. Sohofield, ondition from ars he took on 1 reduce them misery endured by our soldiers at Andersonville, Qa., where I was confined. Yoa would not believe it, if it were told. I would not, t.3A< v not been there. But Qod has been good to me in sparing my life. (Extract from a letter of William P. Smith, company C, Fifth New York Cavalry, dated Parole Hospital, Yicksburg, Miss., April 12, 1865). The following list of the men of the regiment, who died in Rebel prisons, h>>.s been prepared with much care, and must prove intensely interesting to their friends and surviving comrades. These important data were mostly secured from men, who had retoroed to ns, and who had watched their less fortunate fellow-suffeiers, as mind and body gave away under the Bufferings and destitution of their wretched imprisonment. Some information was also obtained from official docu- ments from the War Department, at Washington, D. G. 272 Historic Recoudb. ill ft? .8 S ■&- *B a •OXl "sir's §1 e6M m5 ;?l MtMM -Miii^ '-i , . , . . .s r B . t . Or . , ■ o E 3 c 0-3 g &&0 « a g « d B 5 re '■'SB 5'8'2f ■XKTdlCOa e'-^i' sis s?^ Siil » C S o "-S « fe^il »'*'a . jfsfs'sssa' ^•^•^ lis I, cs:^s lis i'B&i mi ■■.4. :s III ^- ' - * pff' U' ' a- ' iS £ B& ££ l£ "1; ll sz •MBKflK I '-''"•"■-*^**2?;SSSSSJ;25SSS?»Sa«i5$S8 'm^ ! Wibret. l ^m>x.^#M' ! w^ »^jBMTO^!sa< « ^fc i^ js * maB»;^^8^ 274 'V a a I e IIisioRio Records. i ^ « I K'a fc=;r. t' T, JO ^ 1^3 I III f 'iNT4ROO <^ n- ssssiSigesi ■^•irlRjn >■■#«■«. ir = = IJ- Jilllilf Mil- g:|' M^« «__» ^dWJ?!^K^«!?_<2Mi gg| III. * . I' I- ^ ilMirill: i^^. lis^, 3 S 3 J |4'J S i 3 3 i 3 i ■{£ i. ■■■■—' i-j^ Lj ::•••■••• • !: : JSS33S SSj::, 83 8? PI- - ^,-3-- &»; K Ci Ft " CHAPTER XVI. Our Scout. — With Gen. Stahel. — Quides Cavalry Corps from Fair- fax C. H. to Fredericlc City, Md., June, 1868.— Ordered to Watcli Movementa of Kebel Army, Marching ob its Qrand Invasion of I'onnsylvauia. — In Disguise he Visit! Rebel Gen. Stuart.— Captures Ilebel Army Mail, with Important Dispatches, at H'igerutown, Md. — Carries Dispatches from Gen. Grant to President Lincoln, during Battle of the Wilderness. — Among the Rebels near Weldon & Petersburg R.R. — Hard Tramp ' through Woods and Swamps. --The Colored Guide. — Gladly Reaches our Lines Again. At the time of the Rebel inTasion of Maryland and Peunsjivania, in 1863, I was chief scout of Gen. Stahel, commanding division of cavalry in Defenses of Washington. June 24, 1863, I guided the cavalry from Fairfax Court House on ita way into Maryland. We forded the Potomac at Young's Island, two miles below the mouth of Qoose creek, and marched to Frederick City. I put up at the Dill Hotel, the headquarters of the general. At eleven p. M. the general sent for me. Obeying the summons, I found him with Major Kephart, Captains Kidd and Chauncoy, of his staff, engaged in drawing sketches and routes of the enemy* from a large map, spread out before them. Rising from his seat the general bade me a pleasant " good eve- ning," and added : " Sergeant, I have a very hard trip for you. If you 'i j ' .jM..m,.o.ff. ' i ' ^-- '^ M.' ' - ' vj v,'J* i e ' t- -y^i'ri J'lFTii New York Cavalry. 277 ry Corps from F»ir- — Or(iered to Witch Grand Invasion of el Gen. Stuart. — mt Dispatches, at >m Gen. Grant to Iderneas, — Among R. — Hard Tramp d Guide. —Gladl/ f Maryland and of Gdn. Stahel, 8 of Washington, n Fairfax Court ded the Potomao mouth of Goose I pnt up at the I. At eleven p. immons, I found nd Chauncoy, of d routes of the them. Rising saut " good eve- ir you. If you think it can be accomplished, I wish you to commence it to-night, for, if it is to bo done at all, now is the time." "Well, general," I replied, saluting him, " I am readj^ to do all in my power to help the cause, and if we are to commence the work to-night, the sooner we get to business tho better." He then directed me to repair to the Potomac near Williamsport, to watch the movements of the enejiiy, to aseerttiin his strength and the routes taken by the different columns, &c,, and to communicate all serviceable informa- tion to himself, or to Gen. Meade, who bad just assumed command. I was to Uke aa many men as I needed, to mount them on horses secured by his order, to take such routes as, in my own judgment, were best, and to return only when I thought tho interest of the service so required, or I should receive further orders from him. My horse was aoon ready, and, after receiving the gene- ral's order for ten picked men out of Col. Price's brigade, I bade him good bye, and set out to Middletown, near which Col. Price was then encamped. It was ten A. M. when I presented my order to the colonel, with the request that the - men should be taken from the 1st Michigan Cavalry, each of ten companies to furnish its bravest and best man. Those gallant troopers were soon ready, and, having reported to me in due style, we began our toilsome march over the South Mountain for Boonsboro', which we reached at four A. M. next day. Here we learned that the Rebels were crossing the river at two points, Falling Waters and Williamsport, but their advance had not yet entered the town. We spent the day riding up and down the river on different roads, watching IWK&-^'K^ «-.-" «^4.fflti..l 1' Jiff' . '«,v.^! 1^^, V 278 Historic Records. their moTcmenta. At night I left my men at the United States Hotel, kept by a good Union man namcni Smith, and started for Hagorstown. I soon found that the main bodj of thoir army was moving towards Ghambcrsburg, Pt. Having spent the night in the vicinity, I returned eirlj next morning, and dispatched a messenger to the general with what information we had obtained. These proceedings occupied our time until Saturday night of that week, when Qec. Stuart, commanding Rebel oavalrj, came into Hagerstown. I was very anxioui to learn all about his force, and the movements contemplated, and resolved upun a plan to see the general himself, or some of his btaff. Of a Union man 1 procured a suit of raglingt, knocked off one boot heel to make one leg shorter than itc mate, and put a gimblet, a tow string and an old broken jack-knife in my pockets. My jewelry corresponded with my clothes. I adopted the name of George Fry, a harvest hand of Dr. Farney's, from Wolitown, on the north side of the mountain, and I was a cripple from rheumatism. Having completed arrangements with Dr. Farney, Mr. Landers and other Union men, that they might be of service to me in case the Rebels were suspicious of my character, I hobbled away on my perilous journey, and entered the city, by leaping the high stone wall which guards it on the north side, near the depot, just as the town clock struck one. It was a clear starlight night, and the glistening bayo- nets of the sentries could be seen as they walked their lonely beat Scarcely had I gained the sidewalk, leading to the centre of the town, when the sentry cried, ''Halt I who goes there?" "A friend," I replied. " A friend to I I Fifth Now York Cavalry. 279 aen at the United aampd Smith, and bat the main bodj lambcrsburg, Pa, I returnod early er to the generti til Saturday night ing Rebel cavalry, lis force, and the D a plan to see the 'Offh'ngi, knocked han its mate, and i^en jack-knife in h my clothes. I est hand of Dr. of the moantain, having completed and other Union a case the Rebels led away on my leaping the high 1 side, near the glistening bayo- ey walked their dewalk, leading J cried, "Halt! " A friend to north or south?" "To south, of course, and all right." " Advance then," wan the response. I told him I had come in to see our brave boys, who could whip the Yankees so liandBomely, &o., and we fell to discussing the war ques- tions of the day. In the midst of our ooUoqny, up came thd officer of the guard, who, afler asking me a few ques- tions, said : " Had you not better go with me to see Gen. Stuart?" " I should reelly like ter git a sight of the gini- r;il," I quickly replied, " for I never seen a reel giniral in all my life." I was soon in the presence of the general, who received me very cordially. I told him who I was and where I lived when at home. " Wolftown J" remarked the [general, " have not the Yankees a large wagon train there?" I told him they had, and, turning to one of his utaff, he said, 'I must ha>e it, it would bo a fine prise." I noted bis words, and I determined, if I possessed any Yankee wit, to make use of it on this occasion. " Qiniral," said I, "you aU don't think of capterin' them are Yankee wagons, do you?" " Why not ? I have here 5,000 cavalry and sixteen pieces of artillery, and I understand the train is lightly guarded." I told him they came there that afternoon, with twelve •big brass cunnoo and three regiments of foot soldiers, and if he was to try to go through the gap in the mountain, they would shoot all the cannon off right in the gap, .d kill all of his men and horses. The general laughed, t^d said I had a strange idea of war, if I thought so many men would be killed at once, and added, that I would not be a very brave soldier. I replied, that many times I had felt like going into the Confederate army, but my rheumatism kept me out. After 8 while the general concluded not to try the train, Trajv: 'i +*^ yHi ^ -> is^m 'S»^^*g^9-''* ■,-v«^!,'-*';'*'^,v-=v - v''^'~^^:mi'y'^'^f?^i^y.^^-^.m^'S^i^::imip'p-^r*'^ 280 Historic Records. 5;: V,,' II and I was heartily glad, for he would have taken 2,000 wagons easily, as they were guarded by not more than three hundred men. He then gave orders to hav3 the main body of his cav- alry move toward Green Castle, and I distinctly heard him give orders to the major to stay in town with fifty men m rear guard, and to send on the army mail, which was ex- pected there about six the net evening. I made up my mind thnt it would be a small mail he would get, as I pro- posed to myself to be postmaster for once. After seeing the general and his cavalry move out of town, I went directly for my horse, which I had concealed in a safe place some distance from the city, and surveyed the ground to see which way I could best come in to cap- ture the mail, and determined to charge the place ra iho pike from Boonsboro' and made my arrangements to that efiFect. I got a Union man by the name of Thornburgh to go into the town and notify the Union people, that when the town clock struck six p, m. I would charge in and cap- ture the Rebel mail, -vt the risk of losing my own life and every man with me. I had now but eight men, two hav- ing been sent to the j^ aeral with dispatches. I then returned to Boonsboro', and found my men waiting for me. I told them my intentions, and offered to send back to his regiment any man who feared to go r.ith me. But every one bravely said he would not leave me, nor surrender without my order. I ordered them to bring their horses, and we were soon on the road. It wa.", a moment of thrilling interest to us all, as we approached Hagerstown, and lingered to hear the signal strokes of that monitor, in the old church tower. At the appointed time lave taken 2,000 it more than three n body of his cav- itinctly heard him with fifty men m lil, which was ex- ;. I made up my )uld get, as I pro- ralry move out of h I had concealed ity, and surveyed st come in to cap- I the place rn iho ngements to that jf Thornburgh to people, that when harge in and cap- f my own life and ht men, two hav- es. d my men waiting d offered to send 3d to go r.ith me. lot leave me, nor 1 them to bring road. It wa.s a IS we approached >.al strokes of that ic appointed time '1 't* ■> f ' t -:* imsiK--"^ Wi-k m tnu lii' H ill ! w ii . ii uu ' wi i kiaji ' ! I' l l , -fflsuggg^- ^ bagg/ ' Fifth New York Cavalky. 283 (we had entered the edge of the town), with a wild shout we dashed into the street, and the major and his fifty braves fled without firing a shot. We captured sixteen prisoners, twenty-six horses, several small arms, and a heavy army mail, which contained three dispatches from Jeff. Davis, and two from the Ilebel secretary of war, to Gen. Lee. All this substantial booty we safely carried within our lines, without the loss of a man or a horse. Many thanks are due to Dr. C. R. Doran, and to Robert Thornburgh, for their kind and timely assistance, and also to Misses Susie Carson and Addie Brenn.ir, who did so much for the comfort of our bravo men. I still have in my possession some choice flowers, preserved from a bouquet, presented me by Miss Cirton the evening we captured the Kebei mail ; and though the flowers have faded, ine good deens done by the giver will ever grow bright through coming time. All honor to the brave Union ladies. Saturday, May 7th, 1864. I left Gen. Grant's headquar- ters, accompanied by G. M. Cline, Gen. Meade's chief of scouts, with importaut dispatcbea for President Lincoln, Quartermaster Ge". Meigs, Surgeon Gen. Barnes, and .others of the Department. The fighting was terrific on the right and left wings when we started. It was two P. M. Crossed the Rappahaunoek at U. S. Ford. We traveled] all night through the enemy's country. We could see their sig- nal rockets, sent up along the line of signal stations, from Belle Plain to Guineas Station, on the Richmond and Fredericks- burg rail road. We reached the Potomac at four next morning at Acquia creek. Fearing the guerrillas, should we remain on the Virginia shore, we constructed a raft of drift wood and boards, on which, by great exerticu, pad- 'IS" 284 IIiSTORic Records. dling under a broiling sun, we succeeded in crossing the river, which, at this point, is several miles wide. By trav- eling afoot about five miles, we met a Union guard, who conducted us to Gapt. Bussell, company A, First Purneli Legion. The captain entertained us with a good dinner, which relished well afler over twenty-four hours' hard toil, miniu our rations. After dinner we hailed a schooner, bound lip stream, and Gapt. Russell sent us out to her in his row- boat. It proved to be the General Hunter of Baltimore, The captain informed us that he had a case of smallpox aboard, and strove to warn us away. But we were too anxious to get to Washington with our dispatches to be delayed by one case of small-pox. Light breezes, or no breeze at all, delayed us, and we did not reach the capital till seven A. M. on the 9th. We were knded at the navy yard, whence we were sent to the War Department in the private carriage of the officer in command. The authorities had not heard from the army in three days — and eventful daye they had been — as Mosby had cut off all communication by way of the Orange and Alex- andria rail road. After delivering our messages and receiving answers, with other dispatches for Gen. Grant, Gen. Meigs sent us down the river aboard the steamer Lizzie Bake?. We were landed at night, near Acquia creek, and traveled to Fredericksburg. Seeing camp fires in and about the town, we expected to meet the Rebels^ but were gladly disappointed in finding them to be our own. The next morning, the 10th, we had the pleasure of tak- ing breakfast with Lieut. F. A. Boutolle of the Fifth New Is • Mwfun '"^S5W^'''''!?WSgRSSW^^ i in crossing the I wide. By trav- nion guard, who A, First Purnell »d dinner, which hard toil, minu» looner, bound up ) her in his row- ter of Baltimore, 3086 of smallpox Jut we were too dispatches to be it breezes, or no reach the capital nded at the navy apartment in the he army in three — as Mosby had )range and Alez- oeiving answers, sn. Meigs sent us zie Bake ■. We and traveled to and about the but were gladly I. i pleasure of tak- )f the Fifth New Fifth New York Cavaluy. 2d6 York Cavalry, chief ambulance officer of the division Having secured horses and an orderly, we started for Gen. Grant's headquarters, which we reached about eleven A. M., near Spottsylvania Court House. The fighting was very heavy during the day, and continued through the night. May 11th, near SpoUxi/lvania Court House. Our men cap- ture eight generals, forty-five pieces of artillery, and seven thousand prisoners. 4.itffust 30lh, 1864. It had been reported that the Rebels were constructing a cross rail road from Stony Creek Station, Woldon & Petersburg rail road, to the Southside rail road- I was sent to ascertain the fact, in company with James Hat- tan, one of Greneral Grant's scouts. As neither of us knew the country, we procured a darkey guide. We had pro- ceeded but a short distance from our lines, at a point near Lee's mills, on the Blackwater river, when a squad of Rebels saw us, and gave us chase. Being on foot, we soon reached thick woodfi, and escaped. We traveled nearly all night, and, getting near our destination, we started for a large farm house, to make some inquiries, when a picket cried out " halt !" As we did not obey him, he fired, and thus aroused a whole regiment, that was soon in the saddle. We took to the woods again. We spent considerable time in trying to cross the Indian swamp, but in vain. Here we lost our guide, who, desiring to visit his wife at her master's, Mr. Dunn, whose house was under Rebel guards, was either killed or captured. By a new route we traveled on toward Stony Creek Station, till daybreak. At this time we sought the nearest ravine, where we crept into a few bushes, and sought rest. Though we were much exposed during the day, much Rebel cavalry prowling about, and, some of the t 286 Historic Records. time, very near us, yet from a faithful da'key, whom we saw, we secured both food and drink, and received all needed information about the new cross rail road, which was not yet being built. Under the darkness of night, we 8tarte(i back for our lines, and crossed the Indian swamp near Mr. Sterling Saunder's farm, and soon arrived at Mr. Charlos Kean's, where we found a darkey prepared for a promenade with big Dinah, it being Sabbath evening. He was dressed in grand style, with black coat, white panta and vest, standing collar, and a splendid beaver. He sported a big cane, with a brass knob on the handle. Thus caparisoned, he did not relish the idea of becoming guide. But excuses were useless, and he must show us across the big swamp called Jones' Hole. The night became very dark, and we were compelled to/ee/ our way much of the time. This was no easy task^ as we were obliged to walk on fallen trees, some lying in the water, and others three or four feet above. By a misstep, Mr. guide went oflF one of these logs into mud and water. It was difficult to restrain laughter, when the poor fellow crawled out, to think, had it been day, what a sudden change of color his white pants and vest must have undergone. Having reached terra firma on the opposite side of the swamp, we gave the guide a five doHar greenback, and sent him back to his Dinah. We crossed the Jerusalem plank road just south of Captain Proctor's farm house, and reached our lines about twelve M., at Burnt Mills, near the Norfolk rail road. We wero furnished horses and an orderly, and made our way to General Grant's headquarters, glad to be within our own lines once more. C. A. P. Co. G, Fifth New York Cavalry. ^ '• "im.!^h^mm < .^.ii^sf^ ^ssssms^^mm^m.sm^m^k rkey, whom we 1(1 received all road, which was a back for our r Mr. Sterling ::)harl«'^ ".'^ 'A^J^SSSit'i Fifth Nkw York Cavaliiy. 296 Ist Sergeant, Ihy • Q- 0., Movembtr l»t Sergeant, No- uary IGth, 1865, It Sergeant, Janu- c city, Ijr CapUin i«e of the United [sland, N. Y., by raiae during the ispatchea at niplit Pope to General od and captured, iped, saving big om of one of his mes to take big io, but he plead He was capture d fon, Greensbori)', inea. r the company, ncdical wagon; > of artillery and oof artillery; P. Sergeant W. H. •oral J. Farrell, ; John Tluokley, one gun and six horHCH ; tlio same by James Pc-ry, who waa accidentally and mortally wounded, February 27 tb, 18»ift. John Stein was four times captured, and died in prison. Original number of men, 76; whole number, 188; men l(illod in action, 7; mortally wounded, 2; wounded, 28; number of wounds, 29; men captured, 48; missed in action and never heard from, 2 ; died in Rebel prisons, 9 ; died of disease, 6; killed acoidenUiUy, 8 ; veterans, 22 ; veterans re- maining, July 19th, 1865, 14; whole number of men re- maining, 00. Original horses remaining, 1. Company D. Officers. Thomas Coyle, Captain, August 2l8t, 1861. Died of dis- ease, November 24th, 1861. Amos H. White, Ist Lieutenant, September 21st, 1861. Captain, December 9th, 1861. Major, January 30th, 1863 Lieutenant Colonel, September 15th, 1864. Colonel, No- ember, 14th, 1864. Seth B. Ryder, 2d Lieutenant, September 29th, 1861. - Ist Lieutenant, June 11th, 1862. Captain, January 30th, 1863. Captured, October 10th, 1868, and a prisoner till March, 1865. Discharged, Expiration of Term, May 15th, 1886. George H. Nichols, Ist Lieutenant. March, 1862. Re- signed, June 11th, 1862. William Watson, 1st Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, February 13th, 1863. Left by Special Order, July 27th, 1863. Edward J. McArdlo, 2d Lieutenant, February 2d, 1863. Kesigned, June Ist, 1863. ¥:i; Ss»s?;---i [Isb-^.-' *' ^s: 294 Historic Recouds. 1 Pi 11 Henry J. Appleby, 2d Lieutenant from Q. M. Sergeant June Ist, 1863. let Lieutenant, July 27th 1863. Di^ charged. Expiration of Term, September, 1864. Charles H. Greenleaf, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, July 27th, 1863. Mortally wounded, August 25th, 1864. Died next day. Ilansom A. Perkins, 2d Lieutenant from Commissar; Sergeant, September 15th, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, Novem- ber 14th, 1864. Jeremiah J. Callanan, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, November 14th, 1865. This company was formed by Captain Coyle, of men en- listed in the states o' ..ilaBsachusetts and Conueotiout, and vos mustered into the senrise of the United States, October Ist, 1861, at Staten Istand, N. Y., by Col. D. B. Sacket, U. S. Army. With company B, it performed the peculiar work attached to a battery, from June to October, 1862. Sergeant C H. Groenleaf, May 23d, 1862, carried dis- patches from Front Boyal to G3n. Banks at Strasburg.i By bravery and skill, he gave timely notice of Stonewall Jackson's flank movement, whereby he saved Gen. Banks' army, which led the general to recommend him for promotion He was mortally wounded in action, while in command of company A, fighting bravely. H. A. Smith received four sabre cuts, May 2Sd, 1862, and was captured. Wounded again and captured, Jtfne 23d, 1864, at Nottoway Court House. Corp. John Walsh, October 19th, 1864, at C^^^-ar creek. > See liis letter, page 31. •-•.■*li«.'ft Fifth New Yobk Cavalry. 295 >m Q. M. Sergeant r 27tli 1863. Du. , 1864. from 1st Sergeant, Vuguflt 26th, 1864. from Commissary ■lioutenant, Noveni- at from Sergeant, Coyle, of men en- )nnecticut, andwas States, October 1st, D. B. Sacket, U. iliar work attached 1862, carried dis- ks at Strasbnrg.i otice of Stonewall aved Gen. Banks' iim for promotion e in ooiumand of May 23d, 1862, i captured, JlAie , at C^''.ar creek, recaptured the colors of the 15th New Jersey Vols., for which he received the " Medal of Honor," awarded by Congress. Original number of men, 82 ; whole number, 161 ; men liilled in action, 3 ; mortally wounded, 1 ; wounded, 23 ; lumber of wounds, 27 ; men captured, 59 ; missed in action auil never heard from, 3 j died in Rebel prisons, 10 ; died of disease, 7 ; killed accidentally, 1 ; discharged by reason of wounds, 1 ; veterans, 16 ; veterans remaining July 19th, 1!<65, 15 ; whole number of men remaining, 45. Company E. Officert. Willium P. Pratt, Captain, August 15th, 1861. Major, July Ist, 1862. Resigned, January 80th, 1863. Alfred W. Creamer, 1st Lieutenant, September 17th, 1861. Captain Company B, May 2d, 1862. William H. Williams, 2d Lieutenant, November 7th, 1861. 1st Lieutenant, May 2d, 1862. Captain, May 28th, 1862. Resigned, February 7th, 1863. William P. Dye, 2d Lieutenant froifi 1st Sergeant, May 2d, 1862. 1st Lieutenant, May 28th, 1862. Captain, . February 7th, 1863. Resigned, September 3d, 1864. Daniel B. Merriman, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant, May 28th, 1862. 1st Lieutenant, February 7th, 1863 Discharged for physical disabillity, March 29th, 1864. Liberty C Abbott, 2d Lieutenant from Q. M. Sergeant, June 30th, 1863. Ist Lieutenant, March 29th, 1864. Captain, November 14th, 1864. Major, May 2d, 1865. Foster Dickinson, 2d Lieutenant from let Sergeant, May 21st, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, November 14th, 1864. Cap- tain, June 1st, 1865. 8«a 296 Historic Records. fill if Matthew Strait, 2d Lieutenant from Corporal, November 14tb, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, June Ist, 1865. Addison S. Thompson, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, June Ist, 1865. Major Davidson raised this company in Allegany county, N. Y., and it was mustered into the service of the United States, August 3 Ist, 1861, at New York city, by Capt&ia S. B. Hayman, U. S. Army. Asahel A. Spencer was the first man of the regimen',, killed in action, May 6th, 1862, Harrisonburg. The company has lost two 1st Sergeants, killed in action, £. S. Dye and S. W. Sortore, and their commissions of 2d Lieutenants reached the regiment just after their deaths. John Lciser deserted irom the Rebel army and joined this company. He was a true and brave soldier. (See Table — Men who died in Rebel Prisons.) Henry W. Monroe, June 30th, 1863, at Hanover, Pa., re- ceived a gunshot wound through his body, so that stones of cherries he had eaten that morning passed through the wound. He got welk Corporal Charles A. Miner, October 9th, 1864, Tom's Brook, while pursuing the enemy, emerged from a piece of woods, in sight of eight Rebels. He cried out " Come on boys 1" looking back as though he were leading a company of men. Without firing a shot the Rebels fled, leaving a wagon loaded with hay, and six mules. He was killed by the falling of the walls of Union Hotel, Winchester, December 16th, 1864. Major L. C. Abbott, October 9th, 1864, captured six pri- soners, by making a sabre charge upon thorn. Lieutenant M. Strait, September lOtb, 1864, had a button SW^!im^;«lii!lJffl';R«.'i!A^*Jk4)IWSvii>l»'i*Aa:- I Fifth New York Cavalry. 297 Jorporal, November 865. from 1st Sergeant, 1 Allogany county, 'ice of the United city, by Captain of the regimentj burg. 8, killed in action, r oommissions of after their deaths. army and joined ive soldier. (See Hanover, Pa., re- , so that stones of ised through the Jth, 1864, Tom's 1 from a piece of id out " Come on nding a company Is fled, leaving a le was killed by tel, Winchester, captured six pri- m. '64, had a button of his poat driven into his left hand, by a bullet. Ho fought bravely, October 9th, 1864, capturing General Kosser's headquarters wagon, and securing the general's private saddle. October 19th, he captured a brass battery of six guns. S. K. Ford joined the company, August, 1861, but dis- played no soldierly qualities until October 9th, 1864. He then captured five prisoners, and October 19th ho fought desperately, eliciting general admiration, but was stiverely wounded through the right lung. Lieutenant A. 8. Thompson, October 6th, 1864, Brock's Gap, had his horse killed under him and was surrounded by the enemy. He managed to secrete himself in bushes until night, though so near the Bebels as to hear them converse, and escaped through their picket line, under cover of the darkness. He has had three horses killed under him. Ser- geant S. T. Uptegrove, October 6th, 1864, was captured, stripped of all his clothing, and only old rags replaced, and almost starved. He escaped from Rebels daring the fight at Tom's Srook, October 9th. David F. Woloott was promoted to Saddler Sergeant, for his fidelity as a soldier ind a man. L. C. Smith had three horses killed under him in action. Original number of men, 94; whole number, 169; men killed in action, 5; mortally wounded, 2; wounded, 27; number of wounds, 39 ; men captured, 41 ; died in Uebcl prisons, 7 ; died of disease, 7 ; killed accidentally, 2 ; dis- charged by reason of wounds. 1 ; veterans, 36 ; veterans remaining July 19th, 1865, 31 ; whole number of men re- maining, 60. Original horses remaining, 1. • I . ^>.<^3f^-*^ 298 HisTOBic Records. Company F. Officers. Washington Wheeler, Captain, August 80th, 1861. Major, July Ist, 1862. Besigned, September 26th, 1862. Levi Curtis, 1st Lieutenant, August 80th, 1861. Cap- tain, July Ist, 1862. Resigned, January 22, 1883. William D. Lucaa, 2d Lieutenant, August 30th, 1861. 1st Lieutenant, July 1, 1862. Captain, January 22, 1863. £dward D. Tolles, 2d Lieutenant from Commissary Ser- geant, July Ist, 1868. Ist Lieutenant, July 22d, 1863. Resigned, October 29th, 1863. William B. Pickett, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant, January 22d, 1863. Ist Lieutenant, October 80th, 1863. Discharged, Expiration of Term, October 15th, 1864. Walter C. Smith, 2d Lieutenant from private, October 80th, 1863. Discharged, Expiration of Term, October 16th, 1864. Merritt N. Chafey, Ist Lieutenant from Regimental Com- missary Sergeant, November 14th, 1864. John K. Jeffrey, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, No- vember 14th, 1864. This company was organized in Wyoming county, N. Y., by Captain Wheeler, and was mustered into the service of the United States, September 2l8t, 1861, at New York city, by Captain S. B. Hayman, U. S. Army. George H. Jenkins May 30th, 1863, shot an English officer, who was working a Rebel howitzer. (See account c" that engagement, page 69). Q. M. Sergeant D. J. McMillan has been six times wounded, receiving three sabre cuts, June 30th, 1863, and t^»m'''V;i'i!gstMmii^:>-sim.i^ B^ i w i i, i m i II iiiii uimn, iiii im i Mij i iJMi'Hi i' i!t - Wgif W »ir-"w .iiii nM. 'igesa Fifth New York Cavalry. 801 Sergeant, January r6th, 1863. Dig- th, 1865. Three iguat 10th, 1863; rom lat Sergeant, Ith, 1865. im Sergeant, Jauu- 3t, 1865. Ist Sergeant, June in Tioga county, s of United States, N. Y., by Captain ider him in action, wounded nor hurt n employed in tbe Jtahel, Kilpattick, le of Five Fori^s, uj pierced by two 27th, 1864, made uoving at the rate a, Ga., and Savan- ing General Sher- ay. r 9th, 1864, cap- 8. Lynch, October 19th, 1864, captured one piece of artillery. John Evans, March 7th, 1865, had a ball pass through a pack of cards and several plugs of tobacco, lodging against the skin opposite his heart. Sergeant B, G. Wilmot was captured, rejoined the regi- ment, and was captured again the same day, May 17th, 1864. Original number of men, 95; whole number, 155; men killed in action, 6; wounded, 22; number of wounds, 82 ; men captured, 48 ; missed in action and never heard from, 2 ; died in Rebel prisons, 9 ; died of disease, 7 ; discharged by reason of wounds, 2 ; veterans, 27 ; veterans remaining July 19th, 1865, 25 ; whole number of men remaining, 56. Company H. • Offijctrt. John Hammond, Captain, September 14th, 1861. Major, September 26th, 1862. Lieutenant Colonel, March 24th, 1864. Colonel, July 3d, 1864. Discharged, Expiration of Term, September 3d, 1864. Fore-finger of his right hand broken by a pistol ball, September 13th, 1863 ; Leg bone jost above right ankle cracked by a Mini6 ball, June Ist, 18G4, at Ashland. Jonas A. Benedict, 1st Lieutenant, October 22d, 1861. Died from amputation of right arm, resulting from the bite of a man on thumb, December 11th, 1861. James A. Penfield, 2d Lieutenant, October 22d, 1861. 1st Lieutenant, December 11th, 1861. Captain, September 2Gth, 1862. Wounded by sabre cut in head, and captured, July 6th, 1863. In prison till March, 1865. Commis- sioned Major, March 29th, 1864. Resigned, May 2d, 1865. John G. Viall, 2d Lieutenant, December 11th, 1861. Ist 802 Historic Records. Captain, Company M, ■ I 1 Lieutenant, September 26th, 1862. April 2d, 1864. Elmer J. Barker, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, Septem- ber 26th, 1862. Ist Lieutenant, November 6th, 1868. Cap- tain, March 29th, 1864. Major, November 14th, 1864. Eugene B. Hayward, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, November 6th, 1868. lat Lieutenant, March 29th, 1864. Captain, November 14th, 1864. Lucius F. Renne, Ist Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant, No- vember 14th, 1864. Clark M. Pease, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, No- vember 14th, 1864. This company was organized in Crown Point, Essex county, N. Y.,by John Hammond, assisted by C. F. Ham- mond, Esq., who furnished all the original horses for the company to the number of one hundred and eight. It was mustered into the United States service, October 18th, 1861, at New York city, by Captain Bankhead,U. S. Army. It was detached from the regiment, to cooperate with in- fantry in the Luray Valley, during the early part of May, 1862. While there it participated in several sprightly skirmishes with the enemy. Lieutenant E. J. Barker distinguished himself. May 80th, 1868, by leading a charge on one of Mosby's how- itzers, where he fell wounded with two grape shot. Abram Folger, June 30th, 1868, captured Lieut. Colonel Payne, Rebel, in a tan vat, where the colonel had fallen. Sergeant S. J. Mason, with nine men, guarded the neu- tral ground between the two armies, where General Lee surrendered his army to General Grant, April 9th, 1865, at Appomattox Court House *tmmMi^m^^^^m^^mw^^^MS&^^^^^m^!;^^^m^^ in, Company M, argeant, Septem- 6th, 1868. Cap- r 14th, 1864. m Ist Sergeant, aroh 29th, 1864. St Sergeant, No- st Sergeant, No- n Point, Essex I by C. F. Ham- 1 horses for the d eight. It was October 18th, ittd, U. S. Army, jperate with in- rly part of May, leveral sprightly 1 himself. May if Mosby's how- e shot. d Lieut. Colonel el had fallen, uarded the neu- re General Lee ^pril 9th, 1865, Fifth Nkw Yokk Cavalry. 803 John P. Durno, 0. T. Cornell, D. H. Robbins, all en- listed in this company at Winchester, Va., in the spring of 1862, and were all discharged at the same place, at expira- tion of term of service, without ever having been wounded or hurt, except that Robbins was a prisoner about five months. Original number of men, 106; whole number 198; men killed in action, 6j mortally wounded, 2; wounded, 81; number of wounds, 34 ; men captured, 65; missed in action and never heard from, 2 ; died in Rebel prisons, 15 ; died of disease, 12 ; killed accidentally, 2 ; discharged by reason of wounds, 4 ; veterans, 28 ; veterans remaining, July 19th, 1865, 22 ; whole number of men remaining, 47. Original horses remaining, 4. COMPANT I. Officers. George A. Bennett, Captain, September, 1861. Be« signed, June, 1862. Edward C. Woodruflf, 1st Lieutenant, September, 1861. Resigned, April 6th, 1862. George C. Morton, 2d Lieutenant, September 3d, 1861 Ist Lieutenant, May 6th, 1862. Captain, June 2l8t, 1862. Disouarged by Special Order 70 A. G. 0., February 12th, 1864. William B. Cary, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, May 6th, 1862. 1st Lieutenant, June 21st, 1862. Captain, March 17th, 1864. Discharged, Expiration of Term, October 23d, 1864. Eugene Sullivan, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, June 2l8t, 1862. Left by General Orders No. 7 Army of Poto- mac, March 24th, 1864. •„i^ '. j~^— -■-- -1 j^'.-spi,^ 'I ,-•"■' -^ fe' 304 Historic Rkcords. Robert Black, Ist Lieutenant from 2d Lieutenant, com- pany K, March 17th, 1864. Discharged by Special Order No. 471 A. G. O., December 28th, 1864. Christopher Heron, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, March 29th, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, January 18th, 1865. William H. Conklin, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, January 13th, 1865. £dmOnd Blunt, Jr., Captain from Captain company M, June, 1865. This company was formed by Captain Bennett of men enlisted in New York city, Orange county, N. Y., and in Plainfield, N. J. It was mustered into the service of the United States, September 27th, 1864, at Staten Island, N. Y., by Captain L. S. Lamed. It was the escort of General Heintcelman, then in command of Defenses of Washington, from August 27th, 1862, to September 1st, 1863. A por- tion of the company was in the advance with the lamented Colonel Dahlgren, on General ' Kilpatriok's raid to Bioh- mond, March, 1864. (See account, page 94). Bugler Conrad Bohrer, August 2d, 1862, saved the life of Colonel DeForest, who was beset by a dozen Rebels. But Bohrer's horse being shot, he fell, and an enemy thrust him through the body with a sabre. The enemy, being finally beaten and driven, the body of this dauntless bugler was recovered and honored with a military burial, where he fell. Robert Campbell, October 20th, 1864, captured fourteen prisoners in a squad near Cedar creek. Lewis H. Crandall was poisoned, October, 1864, at Hani- vonburg, dying soon after. Original number of men, 90; whole number, 190; - gw i -Bti f^ r'/^fW?;-,' »:'«iteMSMfe#5fe«fcs*g#Sfea&^agg^P^S^^ FiFTu New York Cavalky. 806 leutenant, com- ^ Special Order I Ist Sergeant, ^ 18th, 1805. n Ist Sergeant, lin :^oinpany M, iennett of men N. Y., and in service of the taten Island, N. cort of General of Washington, , 1863. A por- ;h the lamented s raid to Bioh- ). S, saved the life I dozen Rebels, in enemy thrust ) enemy, being launtless bugler ty burial, where ptured fourteen 1864, at Harri- number, 190; men killed in action, 8 ; wounded, 6 ; number of wounds, 8 ; men captured, 20; died in Rebel prisons, 10; died of dis- ease, 10; discharged by reason of wounds, 2; veterans, 8; veterans remaining, July 19th, 1865, 3; whole number of men remaining, 57. Company K. Officert. William P. Hallett, Captain, October 1st, 1861. Re- signed, December 16th, 1862. Zolman J. McMaaters, Ist Lieutenant, October 9th, 1861. Captain, December 16th, 1862. Died of dUease, September 24th, 1863. Laurence L. O'Connor, 2d Lieutenant, October 16th, 1861. 1st Lieutenant, December 9th, 1862. Resigned, August 16th, 1863. Captain, March 5th, 1864. Henry A. D. Merritt, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, com- pany L, December 9th, 1862. 1st Lieutenant, August 16th, 1863. Captain, November 14th, 1864. Mojor, November 14th, 1864. Robert Black, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, September 1868. 1st Lieutenant, company I, March 17th, 1864. William H. Whitcomb, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant, company M, May 2l8t, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, company L, November 14th, 1864. Thomas O'Keefe, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, No- vember 14th, 1864. Ist Lieutenant, June Ist, 1865. Nathaniel M. Talmage, 2d Lieutenant from Ist Sergeant, June 1st, 1865. Captain Hallett organized this company in New York city, and it was mustered into the United States service, t; \^t .1 ..'■■>S*KIPMJJSB'» 806 lIisTuiiiu Ukcurus. September 27th, 1801, at Staten iHland, N. Y., by Captain L. 8. liurned. It waa liotailod a« Body Uuard for Qon^ral HeiDtzelman, August 27th, 1862, until kSepteniber l:;!th, 1802, and ait escort for General Euiory, oouiuianding 10th Army Corps, September, 1804, and continued with the general until April, 1805. Lieiitouant H. A. D. Mcrritt, in command of part of this company, and of company I, distinguished himself with Col- onel DahJgron, by whoso side he rode, witen the Colonel was killed, on Kilpatrick's raid to Richmond, March, 1804. (See his narrative of the raid, page 94). Sergeant D. 11. Scofield, October 19th, 18G4, captured the colors of the 12th Virginia Infantry, for which labor he re- .ceived from the Secretary of War, the " medal of honor," awarded by Congress. Mit'hael Ke::ney has driven a team of six mules since the organization of the regiment, and retains four of the original animals. Original number of men, 104 ; whole number, 164 ; men killed in action, 2 ; mortally wounded, 1 ; wounded, 8 ; number of wounds, 13 ; men captured, 81 ; missed in action and never heard from, 2 ; died in Rebel prisons, 11 ; died of disease, 5; killed accidentally, 1; discharged by reason of wounds, 1 ; veterans, 17 ; veterans remaining, July 19th, 1805, 9 ; whole number of men remaining, 60. Company L. Officert. Charles Arthur, Captain, September 27th, 1861. Left by Special Order, October 24th, 1802. Charles C. Suydam, Ist Lieutenant, September 27th, 1801. Resigned, May 0th, 1802. aaj.jto; i. y., by Onptain luard for Oerferal iSepteniber I2th, ouiuianding lOth itinued with the id of part of this himself with Col- hen the ColoDel od, March, 1864. 8G4, captured the rhich labor he re- medal of honor," ' six mules since 4iiDs four of the amber, 164 ; men Ij wounded, 8; ; missed in action sons, 11; died of ;ed by reason of ining, July 19th, , 60. 'th, 1861. Left September 27th, Fifth New York Cavalry. Augustus Barker, 2d Lieutenant, September 27th, 1861. ]8t Lieutenant, May 6th, 1862. Captain, October 24th, mi. Captured by Mobby, March 9th, 1863, at Fairfax Court House. Killed by guerrillas, at Kelly's Ford, Sep- tember 14th, 1863. Frank A. Monson, Ist Lieutenant, October 24th, 1862. CapUin, September 14th, 1868. Wounded in arm, May 3d, 1863, at Warrenton Junction. Resigned, July 12th, 1864. Albert B. Waugh, 2d Lieutenant from Sergeant, October 24di, 1862. Ist Lieutenant, September 14th, 1863. Dis- charged, Expiration of Term, October 28d, 1864. George C. Morton, Captain, July 19th, 1864. William H. Whitcomb, 1st Lieutenant from 2d Lieutenant Company K, November 14th, 1864. Peter McMullen, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Sergeant, No- vember 14th, 1864. The original men of this company were mostly from New York city. Captain Arthur organized the company, and it was mustered into the United States service, September 27th, 1861, at Staten Island, N. Y., by Captain L. S. Lamed. It has been in all the engagements of the regi- ment. It was detailed, with companies I and K, as Body Guard for Qeneral Heintzelman, August 27th, 1862, report- ing to the regiment again, with company K, September 13th, 1862. John McEwan, on picket near the Rebel lines, accompa- nied and directed General Lee to the house where he held his first interview with General Grant, and surrendered his army. Original number of men, 79 ; whole number, 164 ; men killed in action, 4 ; mortally wounded, 1 } wounded, 9 ; \\ A .^^ n I'isSIl' jti»- i4''i%^S^^M(L^^>J'^m'^^^ •^■**' * ■&^'» ifffi'iJSU 308 Historic IIecokds. •>it & number of wouuds, 12; E:en captured, 39; missed in action and never heard from, 1 ; died in Rebel prisons, 10 ; died of disease, 12; discharged by reason of wounds, 2 ; vete- rans, 12 ; veterans remaining, July 18th, 1865, 10 ; vhole number of men remaining, 44. Company M. Ojffirera. James P. Foster, Captain, October 1st, 1861. Resigned, August 28th, 1862. Samuel Ten ^loeuk, 7st Lieutenant, October Ist, 1861. Captain, August 28th, 18G2. Died of disease, July 4th, 1863. George S. Clough, 2d Lieutenant, October Ist, 1861. Resigned, May 6th, 1862. Eugene D. Dimmiok, 2d Lieutenant from 1st Ser^'eaot, May 9th, 1862. Ist Lieutenant, August 28tb, 1862. Cap- tain, July 4th, 1863. Wounded in right hand, July 6th, 1863. Discharged by reason of wound, November 6th, 1863. Edmund Blunt, Jr., 2d Lieutenant, September 26th, 1862. Ist Lieutenant, July 4th, 1863. Captain, Novem- ber 14th, 1864. Transferred to company I, June, 1865. Wilbur F. Oakley, 2d Lieutenant from Isi Sergeant, July 4th, 1863. let Lieutenant, November 14th, 1864. Captain, January 12th, 1865. John Q. Yiall, Captain from 1st Lieutenant company H, April 2d, 1864. Appointed Assistant Quartermaster of Volunteers, June 18tL, 1864. William G. Peckham, Ist Lieutenant from Sergeant company E, January 12th, 1865. This company was raised by Captain Foster in New York . ;S!.:.'-.J.fc-ii nant company H, Quartermaster of i from Sergeant ter in New York 1 Fifth Nkw York Cavaluy. 309 > J missed in action 1 prisons, 10; died ■ wounds, 2 ; vete- i, 1865, 10; whole 1861. Resigned, October 1st, 1861. disease, July 4th, cfcobor Ist, 1861. Tom Ist Serj'eant, J8th,1862. Cap. t hand, July 6th, vomber 6th, 1863. September 26th, Captain, Novem- I, June, 1865. m Isi Sergeant, aber 14th, 1864. city, and in the counties of Greene and Columbia, and it wag mustered into the service of the United States, October ;]lst, 1861, at Staten Island, N. Y., by Captain A. H. Krom. It was escort for General Banks, from August 28th, 1862, till September 2l8t, 1862, when it reported to ihe regiment. E. B. Warner had five horses killed under him in action, in one day, September 19th, 1864, at Winchester. He was not hurt himself Sergeant W. H. Whitcomb had two horses killed under him in action, and six mortally wounded Original number of men, 86; whole n-.mber, 186; men killed in action, 2; mortally wounded, 2; wounded, 11; number of wounds, 14 ; men captured, 26 ; died in Rebel prisons, 7 ; died of disease, 9; killed accidentally, 3; vete- rans, 13 ; veterans remaining, July 19th, 1865, 10 ; whole number of men remaining, 77. ^s^^^^-^ ^^^0^^ isi iSfc' CHAiTEi; 'VHI. Complete Roster of the Regiment ; each company giren alpha- be. "cally. T»ie following abbrevlatlonB are need :— Veterans, by small capitaw ; Priioii- or» of War, by the letter a ; Died of disease, by the letter « ; Killed accidentally, by the letter e ; Missed in action and never heard from, by the letter d ; Num- oer of woimds received in action, by the ngnres 1, 8, 8, Ac. Allen, Solomon, AUIaou, John, Avery, Sdward, Bolt, James V., 1. Brandt, Qeorge, Babby, Justin, a Bemhardl, Fred. W., a Burke, Tbomae, Beanmont, John, a Bond, James H., Br", Joseph, Barwick, Thomas, Branch, Kuthvin L., Brown, Amos, 3. Boyd, William T., a Boioi, Tbko. a., 6. a Bates, Qeorge, a Bradford, Landon, Backman, Augustua Brlttell, Erwln, Bradley, Peter, Bibbins, John E., Bums, Michael, Company A.* Boutelle, Frazer A., Calvin, Uenry, Cavanangh, Jamea, Cbadwick. William, Crowley, James, Catlik, John, a Clark, WiUlam. 1 Coon, Samuel C, Crandall, Charles A., CbafTeo, Alpheus, b Ctuidwick, Francis B,, Clooney, John J., 1. Cooper, Edward, Clinton, Robert, Donohne, Patrick, Donohuo, James, Duncan, Alexander, Dougherty, Charles, Day, Edgar, 6 Douglass, John, Eldridge, Thomas, Fl«mmlugs, David, Fiagg, Hubert, Freeman, Winiam, Farley, James, a Goodwin, Rollln C, a Qallagher, James H., 1. Ulodell, John, Oolng, James, a Gillefcple, Patrick, G< ' 'a-"' niiarles, a '. "i , KJiimrd, >' ->' '■ ;: JaJdn J., . ^ tre >rge A, H.. .,,.•- Jr- -■!•, Hall, >> , .ninF., a Hare, Oomci us, Hacket, Uri, Hay, Asa, Hatks, Hicbacl, 1. a Hennessey, William, Hathaway, Cl-acies A., Holloway, William R, Hanberry, John, Haesett, William, Hallenbeck, 'I'unis, ' This Company had In all la? Men. .' ?>^;=4;^^^5 SS&iiiE'S*-;, .v.i,rt',»^S*i!*S-- », .(atitei^w*.-Sl'i| Fifth New Yoek Cavalky. 311 ompany giTen alpha- f small CAPiTAu ; Pri»oii- er b ; Killed accidentally, n, by the letter d ; Niuii- 8, &c. Froeman, Winiam, ^rley, Jamea, a Goodwin, Rollln C, a Gallagher, Jamea H., 1. [ilodell, John, QolDg, James, a Gillekpte, Patrick, QoVv'v niiarlei,a ; -t)'^. t.jhirard, A- X ■■ i, :AJdn J., . ^ George A., bt. ... Jr .)', Hall, ij , -.iilii F., a Bare, Oornci. us, Backet, Vri, Hay, Aaa, flATSS, HlCBACL, 1. tlenneseey, William, flathaway, Cl-aries A., Holloway, William R, Hanberry, John, Hassett, William, HalleDbeck, 'I'nnis, Haut, Patbiok, a IlKKKICK, WlIXlAM, 1. Ililnfler, Henry, lleilcr, John, a llcipklna. Merlin J., a llDDaKINfl, JOUN, llu|>kiu», William H., l»dell, John B., Inuulla. Robert, irwin, Robert, JoueB, Auaon, 1. Joues, Luther W., Jonen, JnlluB, Johnston, Robert, a Jeuks, George K., 1. Kennpy, Thomas 8., Kelley, John, Lamport, John H., a Leary, Daniel, Leddy, Bernard, Lively, William H., Lougeway, Antolue, a Lord, William B., Uppan, William H., MnKRAT, WujjAJi, a Halley, John, a HcGkabt, Babtlit, Michaels, Charles A., b Marron, John, 6 McCarron, WUUam J., Moon, John, HcOlTEBiJI, Tboxai, a MAauiHK, Cbab. a., 3, HcKcon, Arthur, McNere, Patrick, 1. a Martin, Danixl, a McDonald, Jeb., S. a Mkrbux, Cuaoiccbt, Mailer, Charles, Morehouse, Edward A., Merrill, Henry, Morgan, William, MOROAM, OBABLBS, Milspaugh, WilUam, Mohan, James, McCauley, Robert, o McCormick, Michael, a McCormack, William, McDermott, Thomas, Mnrphy, WUUam, Nell, Arthur, 1. a Normati, Merritt, Nealo J, Patrick, a O'SUAUOUMKSST, PaT., O'DoNNiLL, Patbiok, O'Connor, Thomas, a O'Farreil, James, O'Flahbbtt, DiNKiB, a O'Brien, John, O'Counell, James, Otis, Henry, Feck, Jeremiah, Pierson, William H., Pulcipher. William P., Pbtebson, John, PhlilipB, Christopher, d Pierre, Frangols, Plunkett, Robert, Peet, Edward D., 6 Rickey, James, Ritchie, Thomas, t. Bodgem, William, Romaine, Constantine, Ryan, Peter, Reed, Alexander E., Ryan, Thomas, Ryner, John, Stickney, Moses, Bimmonds, Chas. F., d Bchreldner, George, Sinclair, Donald, Bmlth, Charles A., SOBNCIDCB, CBARLIS, Stevenson, John Q., SulUran, John, Satherland, Charles, Sinclair, Robert, Smith, David, Salter, Alexander, Spargl, Francis, Taylor, William, a Taylor, Alexander, Thompson, James, Tripp, John, Tappan, WUUam H., Terbosh, Laancelot B. Tyrrell, Beth, d Tv'ofi Abel T., Van Kirk, Thomas W., Van W«rt, Jas. C, b Vun Osdale, Lewis, a Williamson, George, Wandell, Andrew, a Wetmore, Dennis, Wales, Selden O., Wilbur, George F., a Wtnn, Jamss, 1. a Walksb, Gkobor, WInchell, James N., Wilson, John, Whitiiobb, Albx., Woods, WUUam, Woods, John, Zimmerman, Baldwin, •i^m' (.««'•■■' Pi' m m I I mi- I p 812 Historic Records. Avlst, Henry P., Alderdice, Wtlllam, Abel, Fredrick, 1. Billtngg, Cklvln, Brown, William, Brsdshaw, Giifit'R. W., BUTTEBWUBTH, TBOS., Beebv, Chaulbb, Bont, Edwards., a Bkadin, John, a Brown, George, Browm, Jomr, Burnap, Tracy, Balcom, Myron B., Burt, Bdmand, Jr., Barden, Oscar L., Bufnn);ton, Henry P., Bufflngtnn, Nathan H., Bonxcrlee, John, Bradshaw, John, BnrriUa, Francis, Chambbbs, Jabiz, a Cooney, William, Crlddle, William, e Col<>mBn, Mifihael, ChrlHtlan, Robert, a Chaffee, Hanson Q., 1. Chaffee, Otis H., Chaffee, Edwin B., 1. Cole, Orlando, 1. Cole, Avery, Corbin, Levi H., Cortes, William, Cann, Edward, b Cram, Henry, ColOn, Oerman, Curaher, Peter, Carlos, Jotin, Collins, Jeremiali, Dyke, Jolin, Company B-* Dewey, Matthew, Dillon, John, Driscoll, James, Denniston, Saml. H., 1. Da 'enport, Keyes, Doij^herty, William, a Decker, Charles, Day, Michael, Duffcy, James, Dana, Henry L., Dubois, John B., a Depow, Job, 1. Dncat, Joseph, Jr. Dulrais, Henry, Ellis, Charloa, Eddy, Albert, French, James, Ford, William V., a Fceney, Thomas, Freeman, Hugh, FeiyuBon, John H., Fowler, John A., Fero, Pet«r H., 1. Ooggana, John, Oabdklle, Obotmi, 1. Gorton, Cornelius, a Graham, Edward, 1. Green, Jackson, Green, John, Hayes, Charles,' Holler, Christian, Hank, Edward, Hogan, James, Horr, John, Hntchlns, Simeon, A., a Hogle, Martin V., Hay, Wellington, Hay, William, Hannan, James, Isaacs, David, ' This Company had in all 190 Men. Jones, Joei, Jelley, James, ' Kelley, James, a King, Lonls, Leech, Thomas S., Lamarsh, Peter, Leno, Thomas, Laren, John, I«tonr, Joseph, a Latonr. Solomon, Jr., lAthrop, Mervin, 1. Lewis, Cyrus B., Lewis, James, 1. a Lynch, John, Lanney, Patrick H., Levy, Bernard, 1. Lagnna, Migtiel, Miles, SiUs, a McChale, Michael, McCormick, Robert, McXalley, Edward, McChale, James, McCaw, John, McHanns, John, HcCarty, James, Miller, Amos, Morse, John L., a MIIId, Francis, Martin, Edward A., d M4]or, Benjamin, Mnrpliy, Daniel, More, Adam, Mowbray, William R, Moran, William, Manning, Mortimer F., Mahar, Robert, Morriseey, John, «' Newland, Frandi, Northaway, Sraetns, Neddo, John U ..«.,^»/..v .•.^■..ai*»»*it- roDea, Jmi, Jelley, James, ' Selley, Jamei, a Qng, Loaii, ^ch, Tbonuw S., iJtmsnsh, Peter, [s., S. a Snyder, Edward, Sheardown, J. M., 1. a Smith, John S., 1. Stewart, Charles, . SAMPsoir, WuxiAM H., a Surprise, Nelson, it Scafe, Robert, Smith, Amos B., Stafford, John, 1. Scully, William, Son, William H., Strong, Harvey J., Smith, George T., Smith, Edmund, Seddlnger, James, Schorry, Jacob, Sauerwein, Alliert, Shugare, Daniel, 1. Tonnerhlll, James, TiBRNBT, Patrick, Updyke, John R., Ward, Edward, Walsh, William, Waghom, Jotm. 3. a Whalen, James, Wood, Oscar, Wliklns, David, 1. Welsh, Andrew, Waggoner, George, Walsh, Jaius, Whaley, George T., b Winch, Clark, 1. Wilbur, WIUlB, 1. <5 Whipple, EliBha W., Whipple, Frank, Wheeler, Ellas W., Williamson, William, Whitaker, Aaron, Walsh, James, Wayne, William, Walker, Charles H., Westerfield, Charles, 1. West, William, Young, John, Young, WUllam, 1. d ,,%#-'f ,.:(!#!»»**' 314 Historic Kecords. ANDBRtlON, ROBIST 8., AdHinH, JanieB, BatcRoD, John, BakeniAo, William H., Brothers, Charles, a Blrtiell, Abner, BillliigR, Calvlo, Bureau, Joseph B., a BUROEM, A. D., 1. a BucKLxr, JORX, 1. Brennan, William, 1. Bogue, Fred S., a Barry, ■William. BIgelow, Ephralm, d BIgclow, Henry, b Beardsley, William P., Browu, Charleti, Curtis, B. N., CovrKB, Hiciuni, Clarke, James W., Cooklln, Oardner, 1, a Crolghton, William, Cooper, Louis, Caldccott, Joseph, Church, Charlea L., a Campbell, Levi C, Cavanangh, Joseph, Caple, Elijah, Clare, Simon, Duvall, Robert H., Doty, George W., Douglass, Joseph, Dailey, Anthony, Doyle, Cornelius, Doyle, James, Drlscoll, John, Donohue, Florence, Dovoe, John, Dudley, John, Durand, Ferdinand, Company C* Doslletz, Fellr, 1. Evans, Jok.j W., a Flitchard, George, FarroU, James, Fuller, Perclval, Fitch, Edward H., a Falrchlld, Uenry, Fbkntkr, Tuomas, Ferris, Almon F., Finan, Patrick, a Flnley, Martin, b Graham, Robsbt W., Geratt, Phiup J., Gaffuey, Philip, Greenwood, Wlllbun, 1. Grugoire, Himla, Gardner, John, Haley, Michael, Hnlley, MIchsel, Ilodge, ('harles, Ilogan, Philip, Hickok, George C, 1. a nARFKB, ROBKRT, 1, Hogan, Patrick, HoWABD, HlOHABL, a QiailLAHD, Jamkb, Hayes, Timothy, c Haley, Michael, Hurley, Daniel, Holdrtdge, William, HIckey, William, Hand, Lanrence, a Hill, Henry, Hughes, Michael, Harrington, Philip, Johnson, Charles, Jones, David, Jones, William, a Jeandro, Elijah, Keefe, Edward, King, Theodore, KIstner, John, 1. Ketchum, Charles, b Kelley, William, Kamahan, Patrick, a Kenney, Patrick, Leeney, George, a LEAnrr, William, 1, Leonard, Bartholomew, IJncoln, Patrick ^, a Lucas, Jobn C, Lauray, George C, Lncha, John, a Lahne, Napoleon, a Murphy, MIciiael, r Meagher, John, Martin, Edward, Michaels, James, a Morrell, Isaac, Mornemeut, Mark D., Meade, Sylvester, S. a Montgomery, Thomas, o Manor, William, a Miller, Rockwell D., d Moore, Orlando, 1. :.Iorau, Edward, Mead, Edward, b Mitchell, Thomas, Mack, Michael, Marshall, Miltoa C, Mason, George, McCormick, Willlaro, McCoy, Alleu B., McComb, James, b McKlssIck, David, McCAin.ET, OWKN, 1. a McNijLTT, Owen, 7. a McGlade, Joseph, McLane, John, McDade, James, 1. * This Company had In all 166 Men. \.^t'^^tX-'--'^-:%^^Vl^^ ■ •■ Fifth New York Cavalky. 815 J, Theodore, ner, John, 1. chum, Charles, b ej, WUIlam, AH4if, Patiucx, a ney, Patrick, ley, George, a DBT, WlIXIAV, 1, lard, Bartholomew, oin, Patrick Q., a k», JOBN C, ay, George C, la, John, a le. Napoleon, a [ihy, Michael, r gher, John, TIN, Edward, laels, Jame«, a -ell, Isaac, lemeut, Mark D., le, Sylvester, S. a tgomery, Thomas, « )r, William, a tr. Bock well D., d V, Orlando, 1. u, Edward, 1, Edward, b lell, Thomas, :, Michael, hall, MUtoii C, >n, George, jrmick, Willlaro, >y, Alleu B., )mb, James, b Issick, David, LUI.ET, 0WI!N, 1. a JLTT, OWBN, 7. d ade, Joseph, me, John, kde, James, 1. McNeamey, Charles, HcOrath, William, Norman, Adeodat, Norman, Edward, NOBTBTT, WlIXlAM H., Newton, Horace, Nolan, Thomas, oMcara, Daniel, O'Connor, Timothy, O'Connor, Patrick, Owen, Leonard, Jr., a P«i«e, Henry W. I'erty, James, e I'TRis, Uenrt, a Qi'iNuiN, Patrick, KIckcrts, John B., Rlckerti, Harvey H., Kensing, Bgnotc, 1. litymer, Fredrick, a Riches, James II., Ttoach, William. Reynolds, Thomas, Bock, John, Riley, Martin, 1. Riche, Ix>nis, 1. Stananaught, Richard, Smith, Sherman U., Smith, Jolin, Smith, John, Smith, William ?., a Smith, George W., Smith, James, Stinson, George, Sackett, Edmand, a Southard, Matthew, a Sawtbr, Frio M., 1 Shea, John, Stein, John, 1. a Snyder, John, BhsUey, Thomas, Spaoldtng, Nelson W., Soper, Briggs, Schoolcraft, Perry, 1. Shaver, Samuel M., Sketton, John, BuUlvan, James, Tiflkny, Patrick, a Taylor, John W., Tench, James, a TiLBSTOM, ARTRUBT., Titus, WUIlam H., Touhill, John, 'Van, Nicholas, 'Vreclond, James, Wr' lit, Aaron, 1. Willard, Charies W„ Wilbur, George H., Wilter. WUIlam, Whittemoro, Be^J. M., a Wissells, George, WlUiams, Charles, Weaver, Charles, Whaien, Michael, Withers, John, a WUUams, John, Wescott, Brastu, Wood, James, Whitney, Oeois*, 20 .»*"■ ;:i:,ii-^i'"'' i'5 816 Historic Records. s ffl. Alberty, Jamea F., Armstrong, James n., Angellne.Michael, Allen, Alonzo F., Appleby, Uenry J., 1. Adams, Joseph, ilnsh, Thomas, Billings, peury C, Bellows, Qeorge H., BalUrd, Geoige W., Btngham, Charles K., a BowuiB, Patrick, 1. Barber, Edmnnd, 1. Bakeman, William H., Bennett, Edwin, Bnnn, Oeorgo A., Brooks, Keaben, Collins, Thomas, Courtney, John C, a Cnrran, John C, Chaffee, Wilson, b Cady, Michael, Chapman, Tarquin, a C'rltchley, Kdward, Cadwcll, Jerome, Colo, John P., Caixanan, Jib. J., 1. Ciuoamon, C. H., 1. a Cinnamon, Pbtsb, Cook, Ira J., Caroli, Frederic, Cringer, David E., 6 Cardelle, Samuel, Davis, Henry, DUNIOAN, MiOHABI., a Duren, Henry M., Dovoe, Comelins, a Elliott, John H., Eastman, Cuarlrs h., Fancier, Thomas, Company D.* Fox, Thomas,* Geary, Michael, GRKSuir, 8. H., 1. a Gallagher, Patrick, a Grosvenor, Charles H., Goyette, John, Oarrow, James, QBEBNLBAr, CiLAS. H,, Hurlbert, Ira O., Hants, John G., Jr., Hathaway, William, IIeisskii, Robiht, HURUIIRT, GlOBOB E., HoKiRK, Obobub B Higgins, Peter, a Ileam, Joseph, Hastings, Edward, a Hazleton, Norman, a Hard, Henry, a Jordon, Walter, Jandrew, Francis, 1 Kenwell, Richard, a Kelley, Patrick, Lee, James, Lester, Oharies F., Laspen, Germanio, Llndee, Francis, d Latham, Joseph, Langdon, John, Lanlgar, John, Lather, Allen D., Lynch, Thomas, a Marehall, WlUiam H., 1. Matthews, Peter, HoiTATT, Jambs, Mahoney, Dennis, 1. a Matthews, Charios, a Murphy, Michael J.. Malone, Edward, Morehouse, Frank, a McDormott, John, M'Olnluy, J«». A.A.n McCarthy, Patrick, b McSweeney, Engcne, a McGovem, Peter, 1. a McNeil, John T., McDuugall, Horace, McCoy. Thomas, Newell, Nelson M., a Ortman, Henry, Preston, Edwin, b Preston, Homan, Perry, Abraham, Preble, Clark, Pitcher, William, Pinkham, Andrew, a Pierce, Henry C, 1. Perry, Arthnr, a Pbllbtt, Hbnbt H., Pbrkinb, Ransom A., Parris, George W., Quinu, John, 1. a Riley. Thomas, Ross, Thomas H., Rhine vault, Orman, a RIloy, Patrick, Randall, A. M., Reed, James W., b Retnolss, Thomas, Rogers, Harman, a Bhearer, Sanford L., a Stone, Henry, a Smitb, Hibak a., 5. d BUIXITAN, MiCHAXL, Smith, James, d Smith, Nelson, Smith, Henry J., Scrtpter, Cyril E., a SuLUTAN, John, a Saunders, Reuben, a, i • This Comiiany had in all 161 Men. ^ *-«s^ f cDormott, John, ilcdlnlcy, J«». A.. 1. n IcCarthy, Patrick, b IcSweeney, Eagene, a IcGoTern, Peter, 1. a IcNell, John T., [cDougalt, Ilorace, [cCoy. Thomas, fewoll, Nulson M., a rtman, Henry, reaton, Edwin, b reiton, Iloman, erry, Abrnham, reble, Clark, Itcher, WiUlam. Inkham, Andrew, a lerce, Ilenry C, 1. erry, Arthnr, a tLLSTT, HlNBT H., RRIUHB, IUn*OX a., irriB, Oeorg^ W., ainu, John, 1. a lley. Thumaa, 088, Thomaa H., tiinevaalt, Orman, a lloy, Patrick, indall, A. M., eed, Jamea W., b ETNOLOB, Thomas, tgera, Harman, a learer, Sanford L., a one, Henry, a QTB, HiBAX A., 6. a ILUTAN, HiCHAXL, a lith, James, d ilth. Nelson, iltb, Henry J,, ripter, Cyril E., a iLUTAM, John, a nnders, Beuben, a, b Fifth New York Cavalry. Sheebey, William, a Stone, Fred. B., (i Schermerhom, K. L., a 8chermerhom, Peter, a Schaltz, Henry, e !(lnne, Oardner, Tuflleld, Labare, Tcrliune, John J., Tnieey, Eira B., TiiERMCT, John, a TOBIN, MiCHAIL, a Ttnner, James H., Taylor, Robert, a Tucker, John, a Trendon, John B., 1 TucI, David, Talnter, Charies, Thomas, Highland, 1. a Underhlll, Frederick, Van Valkenburgh, U., Van Orman, William D., Van Marter, William W., Van Harter, Alh«d A., a Vanghn, John, Walsh, Jamis, a Walsh, John, a Wasbbnm, Albert, i White, Jamea, White, Joel J., Wright, Charles, Williams, John P., a Watkins, William W., Wyatt, DaTid K., Watson, William, a Watson, John, 1. Washbnm, NichoUa, a Wheeler, Garry D., White, Addison D„ 1. ah K., 1. Gould, Adelbert E. Gallup, Joseph O., Gallup, Gordon, Gleason, Jonathan, Gordon, Jefferson T., Granger, James, Hams, Edward, b Heady, John, 7. Bahoe, John, ntles, Francis, Uuestls, John, Hall, Archibald, S. Hall, WiUlam, Hamilton, John B., Hnssey, John, Howard, William, Johnson, Emstns, Jabert, James, Jackson, William, a Jackson, Andrew, a King, Joshua, King, Reuben T., Keyes, Orson S., a Katun, BuiuiBB S., Kennedy, John 0., Leslie, William J., Laromy, Bartomie, Lawrence, Hiram M., LItynskI, Joseph, Lakb, OcoRaB W., Lollls, John E., Lamarsh, Charles, Leiser. John, a Long, George, Marsh, Daniel W., Merrtman, Daniel B., Merrlman, D. W., Morris, Charles A., 1. MiNKB, Chas, a., I. e Miner, Henry, a Miner, Cornelius W., HoBOAN, James K., 1. Monroe, Henry W., 1, Morris, Edward L., Maloney, Michael, . Montz, William, Mulligan, John, 1. Mortimer, Henry, b Magai, Johannis, Hahia, Charles, b Mackey, Patrick, « Hasten, Paul, Myott, Oliver, Moran, John, I. MachUng, Debold, 1. a McMin.uni, Chabucs, HcELastnniT, A. J., McGrolgan, Charles, McCallon, George, a Newtoh, Cbas. M., 1. Nash, Halcom H., Olmsted, Franklin, Osborn, Joseph R., a * This Company had in all 1U9 Hen. LiixK, Bcmm K., mnedy, John C, ■lie, WUlikm J., romy, Bcrtomle, wrence, Oiram M., tynekl, Jo«eph, KB, QCOMI W., Ilia, Jobii K., morsb, Cbtrlet, Iter, John, a ng, Oeorife, nh, Daniel W^., irlman, Daniel K, rrlman, D. W., rrls, CUrle* A., 1. jr«B, Cha*. a., 1. e ner, Henry, a ler, Cornelioa W., ROAN, Jaui K., 1. nroe, Henry W., 1. rrls, Edward L., loney, Michael, . lU, William, lligan, John, 1. •timer, Henry, b ;ai, Johannlt, ila, Charlea, b key, Patrick, e ten, Paul, )tt, Oliver, an, John, 1, :hling, Debold, 1. a Awixtt, Chablzs, ifl«KNBT, A. J., trolgan, Charles, 'allon, George, a rTOH, Chai. H., 1. b, Halcom H., 8ted, Franklin, >rn, Joseph R., a Fifth New York Cavalry. 819 Porter, John C, Filmer, Alonio, Pierce, Cnrtla B.. !■ Peiinei, Francli, P»CKHA«, W. O., 1. Paokabd, LomK F., !• Paddock, Bo«w«ll A,, I Pabcblui, T., 1. o Rew, Hn/roK D., a Rew, Newton 0., 1, a liatbbone, John, Raaey, LorencoU, Rubertaon, J. Kllphalet, Ryan, John A., a Richard!, Godftay, Rlcbardi, Thomaa B., RobertMm, Alex. L., Btaanton, Henry, SORTORI, SAMimL W., BoRToiia, Hamtoro H., Sortore, John D., Sortore, Blliba, Swart, FRAmtuir 9., , Btrait, Matthbw, S. a Bnow, Andrew J., 1. Beaman, Henry, Bherrer, Henry, Spencer, Aaaliel A., Smith, Lafliyette 0., Thoiowon, a. B., a Tbraix,, Eownr, a Thrall, Ira, Trowbridge, John B., 1. Tonrrtllon, Adolph, Uftrohotr, B. T., ». a Vsnderrtlle, John. 1. Whipple, Walter, Woodward, Jacob, WOODRUW, JOHH B., WoRTBUtOTOIl, L. U., a Woi^corr, Datid F., Watuuiousr, W. H., a Walsh, Michael, Wood, John L., Well, John, Wells, Richard M., Wemette, PanI, a Williams, Bdwin 0., WllUa,JamM, viJW***' iM^M^' -^j«iSSSS&*>fe^--^'*« .>*^<^*^ A'^-x'^-' *" n.^'m^$^>!>pimmw,»'i^wi;s&^^ 820 IIiBTORio Records. fej?i Atiatln, Merritt, a Arnold, Corrtogton F., Aztetl, Jdneph, Acklor, Wtlltiun v., Aiken, Iloraco, Atwood, HIlM H., 1. Ayleiwortb, C. 0« K., Aiken, WiUUm, Arnold, Addison C, Baker, SamDel, Bush, Amos, BaUit, Homnel, Benton, ThomM, Butler, Hamtioi, Brand, Clurleii, B'loor, Charlet, Babcock, Samuel, 'B«m, Alunzo, a Bkldvrin, LTtnan, Bbown, Wiluam J., Brown, Ira, 1. 6 Brown, John, Bernard, John W., a Brooka, Ilenry J. a Bennett, Wlnant H., a Brady, John R., Brink. Perley, BrlRter, Elijah, 1. BrUler, Ira, Bagley, Avory E., Bostwick, Jndaon, BInke, WllUam, 1. Bullock, Samuel, Briggs, William K., b Benaon, Peter, Bngley, Daniel E., Cumminga, Nelaon B., Conlon, John, a Carney, Philip, a Clark, Theodore, Company F.* Carl, Frank W., CaUln, Thomaa N.. t CnA*aT, UmMMm ^., Clark, Nelaou, Cnig, Jotm, Churchill, Homer, CuggcD, Joseph, 1. ClauB, John W., Co'ilatoo, WilUun 0., Cralfi, John, Clongh, Clarence H., Curtia, Henry, e Davli, WtUUm, Dodge, Ooorga W., Doulon, Th' «, a Davanna, i, U Daries, V , De Mott, . .., 1. a Dennta, George W., b De La Loaa, Yaldro, e Sari, Hinun U., a Bpaal, Qabriol F., Eogalla, Peter, a Edwards, Albert, Enaign, Nelaon, FCLUm, COLONIL, Freeman, Poter B., Fowler, Illckson A., Fowler, William U., Freeman, James, Ferris, John P., Gregg, Jolin, a Galnsha, Waterman, a Griffith, Lucini, Galplu, William, 1. Goodale, Ezra M., Graves, Pliny A., Hogan, James, Hanley, Michael, Hooper, John, HaTM, John W., BAtLmWARTR, P.. a Uatton, WnUam B., a nawley,WU]lBm, a Holmes, John, Hawley, Erarett A., 1 Harrington, Charles U., Ilurlburt, Riley A., Haeatla, Franl^ Hai:, Warren A., ToNM, John B., 1. a Jackson, Jokx W., a Jeffrey, John K., 1. Jenkins, George H., 1, Jackson, Francis A., Knowlton, Clark C, a Kinney, Edward, Kimball, Horton, a Leek, Horace F., Logan, Charles H., Lawrence, George D., Lntlier, Asa, a Levria, Charles, Leiloua, Henry, HcMuxAH, D. J., fl. Hcitlllan, John, B., a HcQowan, James, HcDonald, Bernard, Moroy, William C, Horoy, Homer A., MooRB, Jakm, Hoore, Wallace, 1. Moore, Franklin B., a MadUon, John, Meade, AJonzo H,, 1. Mullen, William, Metcair, A. Jndson, Metcair, George, Morton, Henry A., Moore, Victroy, * This Company had in all 180 Men. Fifth New York Cavalry. 321 m», John W., iLmwAnTB, P., a iton, WllUam B., a vl«r,-WUlUm, a mot, John, tiej, KT«reU A., t rlugton, Chiu-lM U., Iburt, Riley A., latia, Frank, !, Warren A., u, John B., 1. a K«oN, iroHX W., a tej, John K., 1. kinii, George H., 1, Icaon, Fraud! A., )wlton, Clark C, a ney, Edward, ibsll, Horton, a k, Horace F., nn, Charlei H., rrence, George D., ber, Asa, a rli, Charles, QUI, Henry, 11IU.AS, D. J., fl. mUao, John, B., a lowan, Jamea, )osiaId, Bomard, «y, William C, Dy, Homer A., na, Jakm, ire, Wallace, 1. )re, Franklin B., a lUon, John, de, Alonzo H,, 1. len, WlUiam, •M, A. Jadaon, calf, George, ton, Henry A., ire, Vlctroy, Mnpea, William W., Murpm, Daniel, Mniiteraon, Jamea, Mlllnr, Jacob, NIeman, William H., o Nimrae, Alfred W., Niiiton, Samnel K., Mihola, Wallace, Nufh, Orvln D., 0 Stevena, Victor M., Stilea, Addlaon D., Steama, Rolltn A., Snmner, Byron, a TBOHAt, Cbaxum B., Tntblll, Jamea H., rracey, Walter J., Tollea, Edward D., Tollea, Ralph N., ' I , -,*^^*w%'y^^fM*5*-' , sj-^A, ^ f i HI 822 Historic Recobds. I; Adamg, Williiim, a AniU, Frederic D., Addorley, Jamen. Byron, Theophlloi, Bowden, William, Italify, David, a Bailey, MMIHsm V., a BllTANT, Jamkc, a BiTMAK, William, BOVEB, BoDKBr, Babnby, Aluin, BAHNim, N. W., 8. a BnAiNABD, H. £., a Bamen, Bnger.e B., a Banner, Philip H., BroolclnB, Fred O., Bnfflngton, Channcey, ' Bidwell, JoJ>n W., 1. a Billinga, Jamea 9. Ca»e, noaston h., ConrtwrlgJit, Richard, a Cai>w>.ll, Eobbbt B., Conlon, Peter, a Campbell, Philip, Clarlc, David A., . Cox, AnguRtaa, Cnrry, John, Camp, W. nABBignr, Cabpkntbb, Rybon R., Culver, Lewis J., 9. Dunn, Michael, Dinbrabt, Robbbt, DiNEBABT, Jab, a., 8. Devine, John, Davis, Henry T., o DatISON, EflBBBT, Dooij^N, Timothy, a Dobimhb, Theodobk, DiNQMAN, John, Dan»u, John L., Company G.* Daro, Chadnckt, b Dx TnoMPaoN, Oko. E., Doyle, John, a Dlngman, Ahram, Fverett, James H., Evans, John, S. Fox, Jefferson, 1. Falrrhtld, Mason A., Fabnhax, Oscab E., a Fuller, Corydon, Forsyth, Augustus, Foster, Johnson, a Fnmhnm, Charles P., a Gatefield, Edmund M., Grant, James, Grkkn, Wmni.sB C, 9. Obibn, Stkphkn D., Qordon, Samuel, d Green, Calvin E., Goodwin, Edward H., a Horgan, John. Hlbbard, Ku,rard, Hoyt, Andrew J., 1. Hayden, Alben, B., Hunt, James, Hnlett, Benjamin A.. Hulett, Abram H., a Hazen, Alfred B., Hazkn, John H., a Johnson, Horace P., Knuppeubnrg, John, 1. Enigbt, WnxuM H., a Kbohn, Phiup, a Knapp, Joseph, ft Lane, David, 1. Lane, Cherter J.. 1. Lloyd, John, Lowe, William T.L, 1.0 Lynch, Stephen, Markham, Chester C, b Mooney, John, c Moran, William, McBride, John, Harkell, James, Marikle, James, Mallory, James, 3. a Meddangh, George, MsUoty, Warren, 1, o' Noble, Asa S., WOBTON, CTBUS B., Nareh, Marvin A., Narsh, John W., Overocker, DeWitt C, a Osborne, Richard, PntBcx, Chablbs T, 8., Payne, George, a PuLLABO, JkMES M., 1, Phblfs, CHARues A., Phelps, John H., Phelps, Jeremiah W., Phelps, Theodore A., Prince, George H., Qninn, John, Rowley, James, Roberta, Lnclus, d Rush, Richard, Ryan, Philip, a, Roberts, Philemon, Rhlnevault, 8. P., Romans, George H., a Russell, Ralph L., Rogers, Martin 8., 1. a Steele, Seth A., b Smith, Schuyler F., a Smith, John, Shaw, WlllUm, SpArroBD, Abuah, Sullivan, Daniel, b Snow, George W., Spencer, Nathan 0., * This Company bad in all 166 Men. Fifth Nkw York Cavalry. 828 joney, John, 4, Dran, WUlUm, :Bride, John, irkell, Jamet, irikle, Junet, lUory, Jameg, 3. a ^dangh, G«orge, iUor7, Warren, I. a' >ble, Asa S., >RTON, Ctbus B., ireh, Marvin A., ir»h, John W., ferocker, DeWltt C, a borne, Richard, CSCS, CnABLKB T. 8., yne, George, a iLLARO, JkMia M., 1, [KLF8, CHARUeS A,, lelps, John H., elp«, Jeremiah W,, olp«, Theodore A., ince, Qeorge H., linn, John, iwley, James, >bert«, Lnclna, d i8b, Richard, an, Philip, 9, bertg, Philemon, linevanlt, 8. P., imana, Qeorge H., a meell, Ralph L., gero, Martin 8., 1. a sele, Seth A., 6 lith, Schnyler F., a lith, John, aw, William, 4rroBD, Abuah, Ulvan, Daniel, b ow, Qeorge W., encer, Nathan 0., SotiAwick, Qeorge, Taylor, Benjamin V., TlKRIHT, Jo««PH, a Trum, John, a Thorn, John, Turner, William, a Towiier, Lent H., f Thompson, I»!aic M., Vincent, William B., b Van Marter, F. W., Van Mabtrb, J. C, 1, Vandirhabk, LnoAB, Vandermark, Natlian, 1. Vandbrmabk, John, Van WiNKLB, C. O., Wrioht, John H., a Wn-ooi, Chablm R., a Wn^oT, Btron G. a Wbmb, Josbpb, a Whits, Pbtib H., 1," WniTB, LOBKNEO, Wbitb, Hbnbt v.. White, Barney H., White, Charlea, WWte, Amoa, White, Squire, Wilson, John A., b Williams, John A., Witter, John, B., Witter, William A., a Witter, William, Wintibld, Hbnbt, Weston, Nathan, S. Wiggins, Frank, Wright, William, :a,*Saaaa5feai^^i8^tt«^^ " i;iil!!#^** 824 Historic Records. Andrews, Thonuc, BriKlln, Pntrick, Bottnmly, Wtlilam, Beobe, CsWn L., nARXER, El.HKR J., i. Brydkn, Jaxss, 1. Bakkr, GsoBes A., 1. Baker, Rosseix. W., BnowN, Wkslit, a Barrows, Wltllam, Boudrye, Charles A., Barton, M'tlliam H., Baker, Fayette H., 1. a Baker, Caleb C, Oarrett, Alvin, a Barber, William N., Barber, George D., Black, George, Blgelow, Amos, Brittell, Gay, Baker, George W., Benedict, Jonas A., b Bnrlingame, Henry H., b CkunrET, Jaxcs, Ctrkindajx, Waltsb, Cnrtls, Charles W., S. Cornell, Oliver T., Chlllson, Charles N., 1. Cook, William II., 1. Culver, Coolidge B., Carr, Dnransie 8., a Connor, John, d Chaffee, Rnftas A., a Conway, John, Conway, John, Jr., Oronk, Abram, Davis, WiujAit, Dtckerson, Nelson 11., Decatur, Samuel 0., Dawes, Oraon J., Company H.* Durno, John P., Dnmo, George C, a Dn Chene, George C, 1. Dnnlap. Robert A., a Dolbeck, Cloophas, Darling, Truman, Dwinelle, Nehemlah B., Daniels, Andrew J., Drake, Orlando, Davis, Almeron, a Edwards. R,..","Tt W. Ellis. Richard R., Elliott, Robert, Fuller, Nelson, e Ferby, John, FtTLUtR, Warren R., 1. French, John C. C, a Folger, Abram, 1. a Finney, Thomas, 1. OoRBAM, Lewis J., GriUln, Henry, Graves, Horace, Gilleo, Henry, b Gilleo, Charles, Glldden, Stephen T„ Gillett, Mark, Hildreth, Charles H., d Hildreth, Hartwell H., Howland, Arthur, EowLAiTD, Warren, Hahchett, Elbert E., HoLOOMB, Charles H., Hatward, EiroENB B., Hayward, Monroe L., Hart, Frank, a Hoyt, Irvln P., 1. Hammond, Jobn, S. Howe, Lowell G., Hayes, Blum, Howke, Phineas, Hayford, Edwin T., b Holden, Ira S., Habcau., Busha F , Ives, George, Jackson, Richard, Joiner, Henry M., Jordan, Carlos A., a Johnson, Walker E., a Johnson, Perry, Johnson, Warren, Johnson, Henry F., Jordan, Alfkado, Jones, Irving W., a Keach, William H., b Kilmer, Reuben, Knisbt, Jabec, a KeLLET, WiLLIAlt B., lAne, Zadoc F., Laverty, William, Laverty, Allen, Lbtson, Tboxas, Lamb, Joseph J., Lafhmce, Frank, Larason, William P., I, Lyford, Erakine W., Lively, James, Lively, William, S. Labonnty, Louis, a Leach, George W,, Maloney, Nelson, Mead, Abner B., Moncrief, Albert, Miller, David B., MrLLBR, Harmon C„ Murdock, James A., Marshall, Charles E., b Moore, Viceroy, Moore, Orville J., MOORB, Alpbabis H., Miner, John J., Jr., a * This Company had in ail 100 Hen. [ayford, Edwin T., i olden, Ir& E., lAROAIX, EUSHA F , 'eg, Qoorge, tckson, Itlchnrd, Jiner, Henrjr M., }RnAN, CARLO! A., a ihnnon, Walker B., a 3bnM>n, Perry, ohneon, Warren, )hnson, Henry F., 3rdan, Alftsdo, )neg, Irving W„ a Bach, William H., b llmer, Benben, nsBT, Jabkz, a nj,BT, WnxiAK E., »ne, Zadoc F., iTerty, William, iverty, Allen, rraoif, Tboxas, imb, Jbaeph J., iftance, Frank, meon, William P., 8. ford, Er«kine W., vely, James, vely, William, ». ibonnty, l«Qii, a *ch, Qeorge W., jloney, Nelson, sad, Abner B., >n<:rief, Albert, Her, David B., UAR, Harmon C, irdock, James A., rshall, Charles B., b •ore. Viceroy, lore, OrvUIe J., osta, Alpharir H., NBR, John J., Jr., a Fifth New York Cavalry Mason, SrLAB J., a McCartt, Tihotht, a McCauohh, Patrick, McMancs, Edward, a McConley, John, o McKenile, Walter J., McGlnnisg, Warren. McGowen, Erastug, 1. Nelson, Jameg, a Ozlcr, Jogeph J., 1. Odell, Henry, a Orb, Horack. 1. a Oaks, NxLgoN 8., 3. Ober, William, Oliver, Edward A., Oakley, John, Payllng, William, Porter, Zely W., Palmer, Allen, Perking, Igalah, b Perkins, GUman, ft Porter, Robert W., 1 a PxASK, Clark M., PcDfleld, Jameg A., 1. a Pierce, Amos, a Potter. Allen L., Peasoly, Henry, a Page, Benjamin F., a Parmenter, George, ft Palmer, Peter W., Rbnnk, Lucius P., 1. Ralne, James H., Bobbins, David H.. a Redman, John, 1. a RuBh, John, ft Sickler, Isaac, Smith, George E., Smith, Henry V., ft Smith, George W., Smith. George W., Smith, Charles, a Sdlth, John, a Swift, WlUlam W., Shepard, Edgar C, e Sherman, Abram, Starling, Edgar, Sartwell, William, 1. Btarks, John E., 1., a Staot, Jamss, o Spaiildlng, Heiir-', a Spaalding, J ■ . n Spanldlng, J >*' . "hattack, Albert h , 1. Stone, Harry L., SCHSNK, Charlm, Town, George L., Town, Simon, Thrasher, Orlando F., Todd. Henry D., Uhdkrbiix, Hiram, L'nderhill, Charles, ViAix, John G., Van Wert, Jameg E., WeRCott. Jogeph J., 1. Wegtcott, Jonathan, WKJ.M, Charlbs, Wtmak, Hbnrt E., Watbrmam, Johh, a Washbum, Ben]. F., Woster, Jogeph E., S. Warner, Samnel 8., Wellg, Edgar J., Wells, Nathaniel, Wiley, Henry A., Winters, Edward A a Wright, Abner Z., b Wilcox, Charles H., 1. Warren, Joseph B., I iVoodward^ ZephanUh, iM^mi iiSiSiisftSfe ii^jj^^i^jfti:isiisss¥'«i isWsw^'' 8S6 Historic Records. %l' Adami, William, Adams, Henry, Andoraon, Robert S., Arnold, 0«orga, Beylsn, John, BrookB, John, BcU, Richard, Banrer, AaKUit, Babbitt, William L., a Barbt, Jxifxs, 1. Barry, Edward, Banlier, Oeorge R., Barlow, Nathaniel A., Banfield, Michael, 6 Bennett, Joseph H., a Behrendt, John, Blanvelt, John H. Boland, William, Bolirer, Conrad, Beyer, John, Boyle, Michael, Bly, Reuben, Battles, Isaac D., a Calhonn, Samael, Oary, WllUam B., Carroll, Thomas, 1. Carpenter, Oeorice A., Clarkson, James B., Cleeland, William, Coddington, Job, Conroy, Frank, Conway, Jacob, Connolly, John, Conklln. WlUlam, H., Crandall, Lewis H., b Crawbnck, Richard V., CnnnlDgham, Thomas, a Crooks, Jacob C, Clynton, William H., Cliutoa, Robert, Company I.* Cammings, Robert B,, Campbell, Robert, Drake, William, Donglass, John, Dempsey, Charles, Dowdy, James, Daly, William, a Darsy, Nicholas, 1. Day, Patrick. Dov, Bdward S., Duuu, WUliam B., Dnnn, Joseph, b Danliam, Randolph, i Edwards, Isaac, Edwards, Charles, Edwards, William O., French, Jamt., Fairweather, Jolm B. Fennely, Martin, Frazer, Lewis A., b Ferguson, John H., Freeman, Albert S., Flynn, Lanrence, Fuller, Ira W., Oall, Alexander, Gale, Harrison, Oarrln, Frank B., Gai^ner, David, a Grist, John P., GBaHAII, Elus J., Gray, Asa, Green, Robert, Garrigao, James, Garanger, Stephen, Hughes, Francis, Harding, Alonzo, HaTens, Ransom W., Henderson, William, Hand, Laurence, Hill, Henry, Haney, George H., Harris, Oeorge H., Harris, George W., Hart, Joseph, Herox, CasiSTorKn, Hamnee, Herman, a Haupert, Jacob, Heck, Henry, Howe, Lowell 8., Havens, Thomas, Harder, John, fr Herriman, Edson, Houston, Jamos, Jordan, Christopher, Johnson, Daniel R., Kino, CtLkxuu, Koch, John, Elette, Henry, Lowrey, Harvey, La Fountain, Gabrid Lnndin, John A., a Lewis, Geoisie C, Lovejoy, Isaiah H., Lamb, Julius C, Lynch, James, Mann, James, Meeken, Henry, Mdjs, Wnxiax, 1. Miller, Georgo, Miner, Peter, Morrison, WUliam, a McNallen, James, McMlnn, Samuel, McDonald, James, McEenney, Edward, Mundrane, John, Monlther, Charles, Moore, J. Bnel, Mattlson, Dwlght L., Miller, Warner, * ThU Company had In aU 100 Men. Fifth New Yokk Cavalry. 82T lanejr, 0«orge H., Sanis, George H., larria, 0«orge W., lart, Joceph, Seroh, CHsiaTorRn, larmeK, Bennan, a Uupert, Jacob, leek, Henry, lowe, Lowell 8., laveDB, Thomaa. larder, John, i> terriman, Bdaon, [onston, Jamoa, ordan, Chrlatopher, ohnaon, Daniel R., LiNe, Crabuh, Coch, John, □ette, Henrjr, lOwrey, Harvey, a Fonntain, Oabrlel ,andla, John A., a ewla, Oeorge C, ovejoy, Iiatah H., amb, Jollna C, ynch, Jamea, [ann, Jamee, 'eeken, Henry, [CU, WlUJAK, 1. lller, Oeorgo, :iner, Peter, orrlaon, WUIIam, a cNallen, Jamea, cHlnn, Samnel, cDonald, Jamee, cKenney, Bdward, nndnme, John, oulther, Charles, oore, J. Bnel, attlaon, Dwlght L., llier, Warner, Mack, Jamea D., b Mmire, A. B., Nonnan, Adeodat, Nickcrgon, Daniel, JJ-ionan, Edward, O'HsUoran, Daniel C, a O'Relly, William, O'Meara, Daniel, Olmeted, John A. H., Olmeted, Orman B., O'Mellle, Matthew, Pierce, Henry, Parsons, Thomaa C, Phillipe, John, PhllllpB, Kdward, Ponlson, Jacob C, Port, John H., Peaseley, Amaaa H., Randolph, cTonathan D., Randolph, WUIIam H., Richards, Alfred, a Roach, Charlee, Riley, Martin, a Ryan, Patrick, Rnnyon, Angb^ins, ilcardon, Daniel, Stlmpson, George B., Scott, John J., Santabar, FrancU, a ShlfTer, Morgan, a 8now, John, b Schwartz, John, Shay, Jamee, Smith, Charlea P., a Smith, John W., Sovut, Pbteb, 1. Spencer, Robert, 1. Springsteen, John, Southard, Aaahel, Shalley, Thomas, Sabring, Alfred, b Tracey, George W., b Townsend, Thomas, TItns, William U., Townsend, N., Tool, John, Tlmmons, Stephen, Van Iderstein, Peter J., Van Gorden, Ell, Van Allen, Benjamin F., Vaeblnder, William H., Treeland, Stephen K., Vreeland, John T., White, William, Wedding, WUIIam, WermeUter, Francis, Wlltse, Isaac, Wilts*, W. Kslbst, Wlltse, Robert L,, Wood, Frank, a Wriobt, Jairs O., a Whitfield, Nathan A., Wcsterrelt, Benjamin, Wolfe, John, Wilson, William, Wool, Lnther, Woodward, Philander, Yonug, Abner 8., a Yates, Henry, Zimmerman, Bennan, [ "?t?-^^*teSte^4'.VJ*<«^'' .„'.t«.,-«*4»wi^**.i v^-sva*- .;-• VA*.-*****- HisTOi ic Records. Aldrtch, Aaron, Abbey, Alansou L., Bate;, John, Black, Robkrt, 1. Briden, Domlnlck, Brown, Leonard, Brlell, Frans, Beach, Henry C, Butts, Horace D., Barber, WlllUm, Baltey, Amoa, d Colea, William P., Connets, John, Culllon, William, Coleman, John, Clark, John, Clark:, John C, Conner*, Michael, Currier, Andrew, Conway, Jacob J., Carter, RoUln W., 4 Campbell, Ed. A., 1. a Cole, George W., b Coggiua, Tbomaa E., Condlyea, Edward, Ducat, Hoeea, Daly, Philip, Dlnamore, Qeorge W., a DoouNe, John, 1. DoMALD, John, Dowd, Jamse D., 1. a Doty, WUUam, Dougherty, John, Daley, Timothy, Doegan, John, DuboiB, Henry, Dikeman, Oeorge R., Erregger, Charles, Englieh, Oeoi'ge C, Flaherty, Tbomaa, a Company K.* Fox, Jobn. Fuller, Robert, Pealey, John, Oriffln, Patrick H., Garroty, Jamea, Greenback, John, Gleaaon, Patrick, a Galen, Michael, Qeahaw, Dennis, Holden, John, tt Howard, Abraham, a Howe, Darid, a Hemble, Michael, Hecker. Frederick L.. Howard, Oeorge, Howard, Charles W., i. '«ting8, Chester C, Bola;>n, Thomas M., Harper, James, Haley, Michael, Hobart, Albert, Head, William, Hoover, Bamael, Herriman, Reuben D., Hall, James A., Henley, Frederick, e Harris, John, Jasper, Robert, a Jadah, Theodore, Jones, John, a Kmskmt, Miohail, Keeley, Michael, Kennedy, William, Keiley, Patrick, Kingsley, James M., a Keeler, Horace, Latterall, Charles, Lahiff, Jamee, Lockwood, Edmund, Mack, John, a Monroe, Oeorge W., • McCnllongh, WiUlam. McDonald, Edward, MoCne, Alonzo, Mclntyre. James, Martin, Joseph, |fooney, Terence, Myers, Joseph D,, Maddon, John, Martin, Thomas, Maddon, James. Mallory, Thomas, Mazfleld, Oeorge, Maban, Bei^amin, d Merton, Robert R, NOOITAN, jBHlnAJi, NiALOM, JaKXS, Nadow, Michael, O'Enra, Thomas, O'Nin,, MioBAU,, a O'Brien, John, O'ReiUy, WlUiam, O'Connor, Henry, Otis, Horace, PRtLUFS, John, a Perry, Oeorge W., Perry, Alamanza, Perry, Antoine, Porter, Marvin B., Parsons, Nelson R., 1. Parker, TjCwIb B., Falmatler, Daniel, Pecot, Eugene, Pecot, Josepli, Pease, WlUlam H., Quinn, Francis, a Quern, Carl, Rouse, Peter, Rouse, Alvin, Rhodes, Ludns, This Company had in aU 164 Men. ■':^^^iiT>^JiT^>,-^'li,^>■■'v>■^(^tn^iy-' lonroe, George W,. • ilcCnUoagh, Wmiun. IrDonald, Bdward, [oCne, Alonzo, [clntTre. Jamea, Urtin, Joseph, fooney, Terence, lyera, Joseph I)., taddon, John, Isrtin, Thomaa, Uddon, Junei, [allory, Tbomu, lazfleld, Oeorge, tahan, Bei^amln, i [erton, Robert R., fOOHAM, JXBMMIAM, flAXOM, JaKU, Udow, Michael, I'KlITB, TBOMAI, I'Nia^ MioBAU,, a 'Brlen, John, I'RelUy, WlUlam, 'Connor, Henry, tig, Horace, RILLIF8, John, a Brry, Qeorge W., irry, Alamanza, Brry, Antolne, )rter, Marvin B., trsona. Nelson R., 1. uker, T^wts B,, ahnatler, Daniel, 9cot, Eugene, icot, Jofteph, laee, William H., ^nn, Francis, a iiem, Carl, rose, Peter, rase, Alvin, lodes, Lucius, Fifth Nkw York Cavalry. 329 Reed, John, Kuwell, Warren, Keynoldn, Bdwarl D., Stunton, Amos, Sure*, Anthony H., RMTea, Peter, ScoriBLD, David H., Schaffer, Charles, Stockton, Thomas, Stafford, Thomas, Sherwood, Nathan, ^Myter, John W., 1. Shaw, James, a Schaeffer, Frederic Scott, Qeonte, a Bnddard, DaTid H., Smith, Charles J., A Talmask, Nath'l M., Talmadge, Oliver, b Tons, GioBsa W., Telfer, James. Turley, WlllUm. Tmesdale, Laclns, Treach, George, a Tyrrell, Patrick, Van Valkenborgh, R., Vllandre, Theodore, 1. Watson, Qeorge, WIlUamROD, James, Wilcox, Edward, A Wilson, William J., Wmis, Charles H., Ward, Richmond, Weatherwax, John, a WlUOHT, HORACZ, WUklns, Amos, 1. Walker, Charles H., a WUklns, James, 1. a Walsh, James, Welch, James, a Whltmore, James, Tonng, John, Yonng, WlUett, Young, Henry Y. KM* '■jWjft?!! 4i7 H/M [ ^ fi .j^^fi.J^.lli'i'^rS., k^s.^teJ*^"^^**-^'"'^*'^ .,,^^i«8je«^- f^m^^-^* 330 Historic Records. Aikani, Hngb, Allen, HeDi7 M., Alexander, Charlei, Ames, James F., Akers, Charles, Avery, Hora'ie G., Aotlsdale, FrederUk, Anttsdale, Qeorge, a Barton, Jcieph, Bowen, Eseck, Booker, Joseph, Brown, Henry, Brown, William, Boyd, James, Boyd, John, Brady, Thomas, b Brennan, John, Bridges; Charles D., Boate, Qeorge, b Companion, Rdward, Caine, William, Craoo, Frank, Compton, Lewis, CoixxsKia, John, 1. i Cross, Antliony, 1. Cooper, Lewis, a Coles, WilUam T.. Carman, Archibald, Comes, William, Cooley, Horatio 0., Cameron, Eli, a Connell, Dennis, a Clark, Job D.. Connor, Thomas, Crow, Bei\]amin, Davknpobt, H. L., a Driesecs, Julias, Dann, John, b Darling, Thomas, Dorsey, Edward, Company L.* Dorman, James, Earle, Robert, Earle, Ilenry, EIneson. Richard, Bastou, Theodore M., a Fraser, William, Fraser, Archibald, 1. Fobs, Gottlieb, Fitzpatrick, Oomellns, FItzRimmons, Patrick, Gartland, John, GoBDON, John, a Oenard, Augaata, a Oorth, Henry, Orleser, John, Grice, Joseph B., Gable, Michael, Qerock, Charles, Harvey, Frederick, ft Hlcka, Frederick H., a Holm, Louts, a Hedland, John, a Hegeman, William, Ualnes, John T., ft Hatch, Orrin 8., ft Holm, Martin, Hambleton, WllUam, HlNKITTT, HlOBAXI^ tt Uewltt, James, Hnrd, Joseph, Holford, William, Hibbard, Gardner, Hedricb, Ferdinand, Jocknm, AdoU^ Keer,*Charle8, Keffer, Earl, 1. Enarr, Jamm, Kemon, Jamea, Elotz, Julias, Kellett, Robert J., Knapp, llieodore X., Keefer, Frank, Lindsay, James, Leigh, James D., Lee, Henry R., Lavoisier, Frederic, Lockwood, Sidney B., Lalor, Flnton, Lamb, Georga, a Lang, George, Lehman, Henry, Lawrence, Edwin C, ft McMVULBI, Pbtib, McKnlght, Mortimer, McEwan, John, McManns, Hngh, Merton, Curtis, Merritt, H. A. D., & a Marland, Charles, , Henry, b IT, JlBSB, ir, Clandlus, , Albert Y., , Philip H., a , Charles B., t, John P., b ey, Daniel, ey, WiUiam, , James, ison, Calvin, Fifth New York Cavalry. 881 Rrsssix, WiujAM P., KnKg, Hilss. Richards, Frank, Reynolds, Charles J., Bkith, Jaios Q,, a Smith, John, a Smith, Darid A., Sythofi; Henry A., 8iH>, PmB A., Bterens, George, Simpson, Bei^amin, Sparlr,, Elijah, St. Clair, Nelson, a Sandlspree, Paul, 1. Slmonson, Frederick, a Bchlapfsr, John, Stmts, Charles O., a Stone, Nelson J., Scott, William J., Sweeney, John D,, St. Clair, Joseph, Starks, William, b Taft, Henry, Tardy, Aoguste, a Trainor, Michael, b TuKKiB, Bnt/Ainif, Tittle, Frederick, a Townsend, Samnel, a Taylor, John, Utter, Jamsi, 91 Unwin, Edward, a Watson, William, : Wells, AlArod, Waogh, Albert B., Walders, Charles, b White, Charles H., Williamson, James, Walker, Albert G., White, Isaac, Wallace. Matthew L., a Wharton, Robert, a Tagle, Joseph, 1. a Tonta, William, a Zimmerman, Baldwin, Cratty, John Ii. %*J r * 5^ii^^^^^^^^^^ii^^#^wWiS!*^^*^^ 882 Historic Records. i» AnwiD, Jededlnh D., Akeni, David, Arvt, MHrlln, AljitRr. Alunxn, Acker, l)e Witt, Acker, Wallace, IllrdMall, Cheater K., Bot;ardn«, (ieorge A., I><>KardaB, Joreinlali, HogardiiH, William U.,1. Burn*, JamcR, 1. BlHliup. Walter J., Blunt, Edmund, Jr., Bebon, Juaepli, a Brown, Abnun T., a Bruwn, John, Blanchard, Ilenry B., Burton, Ezra, Brando, Lewia, BitiiwEMAN, Andrew, Crani, William, 1. Colo, John J., a Coon, Alfred, Cole, John, Clongh, George 8., Cloagh, Jeremiah J., Chapman, \ ''illiam, Crandall, Edwin, Conine, William H., Dx Witt, Oblian, S. a Uongherty, John, a Davis, Michael, Cuvall, John W., Daines, Arnold P., Deitz, Arthur H., Deer, Jacob, Dimmick, Eugene O., 1. De Long, Ira, Dennis, William H., Delano, Charles, Company M.* DepfiW, Munes, Drixcoll, James, Dp|)«w, James, Dowllng, llcnry, Erdman, Louis, a Edwards, James, Edwards, William H., Fricke, Charles, Flemming, Samuel, Frank, OonrHKY, a Frazler, Francis U., Feen, John, 1. Fryhoon, James H., a Frvellug, John, e Fulton, Philip 8., Foster, James P., Finlay, James, Fenner, Charles, Fenner, James, Ficro, James, Gardner, Leslie, Goodscll, Timothy M., Graves, Hiram T., Garvcy, James, Hcddle, William, Hoover, James, Haines, John H., b Howe, Ralph, 1. Hoover, Augustus, Hulman, Helvln, Horton, J. Goodrich, Havey, Jotm, Heckerman, Thomas, Holleubecl^ Eugene, Hawes, Leroy, 1. Hoilenbeck, Charles W., Haley, John F., Ilaney, John D., Hoyt, William F., Hayes, Peter, Jones, William A., a Jackson, John, Johnson, William H., KlVILAND, HlNBT, a Kceler, Egbert, Knhn, Bttrnard, Kulin, Daniel, b LowiK, Oliver C, Locke, John, Lutb, Charles, Lewis, Jocob 8., Lawrence, Natlutnlel, Lohman, Axel 8., Lowe, Abraham, Lucklow, Philip, Lowe, Levi F., Lee, Jotu H,, Lee, George 8. W., Lucas, C'liarles B,, Lynch, John, Moore, Philip H,, a Moore, Franklin, McCann, John F., a McAllister, Peter, a Mc(jrady, James, b McGready, Hugh, McCarthy, Daniel, Morton, Edward, Myles, John, Markham, William S., Murray, Thomas, Morris, Henry, b Magher, John, Morse, Harrison, Harston, Brastue D., Mahue, Joha, Matthews, OeorgeA., Matthews, Laurence A., Mead, William H., Hickle, Peter, • This Company had in all 186 Men. ^•H'l Fifth Nkw York Cavalry. 333 in(-«, Wim»mA., o ii'ksun, John, uhiiiun, WDliam H., IVII.AND, niNBT, a eoler, Stcbcrt, iilin, Bwe, Levi P., BO, John H., !0, Geot^e 8. W., ica», Charles B., 'Dch, John, oore, Philip R„ a oore, Franklin, cCann, John F., a cAIIUter, Peter, a cGrady, Jamea, 4 cGready, Hugh, cCarthy, Daniel, >rton, Itdward, rica, John, irkham, William D., irray, Thomas, irrla, Henry, b igher, John, irgo, Harrleoo, rston, Brestns D., hue, Joha, tthewa, George A., tthewa, Lau'ence A^ ad, William H., :kle, Peter, Mliini'fli'y, ChArlea, Maliar, John, Martin, Hawley, ft MiirrtiHin, WluUm, Noef. I'nilo, O'hiiiirkit, Patrick, OilHl, Oliver, Oaki.it, Wilbur F., 3. (Nbom, George C, 6 Piiiiltney, Robert, Pllmley, George P., P»mK, Oln«t, ."iTfHiB, Saji'l T. B., I'lli'lcr, Samuel, a (Jiilmby, Ephralm, KafTiTly, Petor,a HiMit, Ocorge O., RlZIR, WlUJAW, Riiwell, William, Ri-yniildd, John C, 1. Ryan, Michael, 6 Rice, George P., Raliiuy, James, Ryan, John, Rowe, John, RiKkafeltow, Horace, hugif, George, W., a Reevoa, William, o Bhopard, Chnrlea, Smith, Charles D., a Smith, Henry, 1. Smith, Frank, Smith, Charles R., Sharkey, Edward, e Scntt, Ellsha B., Strent, Jacob, Swintz, Jacob, a SPAHN, JORN, Shoemaker, John W., Saunders, Carmine, Spencer, Andrew K., Seaman, Samuel, Swan. Thomas H., Sbonksat, Jamks. 1 Schadler, Ixiuls, Ten Broeck, 8amu':l, tt Thavir, Ji;sTtT*, 1. Th<>ruton, J. Chauncey, Ten Byck, Jacob II., Ten Byck, Edward. Tripp, Usvl. Van Ness, Harmon R., Van Loan. Jacob U.. Van Gorder, Ellas, Whitcomb, W. H., \.a Winnie, Peter, Wallace, Edward, Walt, Richard, B., Warner, Edward B., Warner, William, Werner, William, Williams, Samuel, Woodbridge, Henry N., Waldolph, William P., Tence, John E., Zimmerman, Fred, Zimmerman, Jacob, i NoTi 1. — Great labor has been bestowed upon this Hnstor. Should Inac- cnracies occur, or some men foil to recive due notice or their casualties, it mnat be attributed to the want of documents for reference. In some Instan- ce!,— as in Gen. Banks' Retreat flrom Strasbnrg, — company papers were lost. However, it Is to be lamented that fbU documents were not kept more generally. Note 3.— Many of the men marked Vktbbans, were not originally with the regiment, bnt Joined it after iiavlng aarved two years or more, in soma other organization. i 1^^' l,|p i 'J!^ ^ii«^^&^6i^^ftl't&iSS«fe-*feM«8iii*^ # N '■ 1(1 "'i-(i"s:'"~#';-:*t-i.:. jv'*?tf3?^^vX^-*Sji,A^/';;i^fc^-^-:^ [ •Mii^ APPENDIX. Yielding to an urgent desire and request of my many subscribers and friends, I append to these Records the fol- lowing selections from the files of the weekly journal, which I pulilished or road, to the prisoners, while confined in Libby Prison. It may serve to illustrate more clearly than it has been done in the body of the work the tout entemhle of that dark period in the history of thousands of our loldiers. DITOTBD TO TUCrtB AKD Vtm. Vol. I.] Xi66y Priton, Richmond, Va., Augutt 2Ut, 1868. [No. I. Prospectus.* The Ziiiy Chronicle will be issued weekly, from Prisoner k Co.'s steam press of thought. Such will be the equali- lation of labor among those engaged in the enterprise, that this publication can be afforded at very low rates. Price of subscription, weekly, one moment's good attention, in- ' Eight numbers of the Chroniele were issued. 28 1 1*i' 'u5 1 3 M ' I! It ' r* 4i M ^mt.^!^i M^**~4^ ^'^ jSjM'C^^kfi^S'v (.^A-^Wi'SSMtast-S fM^^W^^^M 336 Historic Records. P 14*" If i 'r^ |,t 1 1 1 If i f I variably in advance. These terms being comp'led with, the paper will be forwarded postage free. With such facilities before the public foi- obtaining UBef'al' knowledge, it is needless to state that wo expect an extensire patronage. Our adherence to facts, vhich are always the most stubborn arguments, ard ta the motto that " A little nonsense now and then, Is relished by the wisest men," is a full gur.rantee to our patrons that they will ever obtain an ample equivalent for their subscription price. We can- not very well forbear mentioning that the contributors to our columns are among the most eminent of the land, in- cluding the skillful lawyer, the sedate judge, the erudite priest, the amusing comedian, the renowned legislator, and BCOi-es of others from the various walks of life, whose cou- uection with our periodical places success beyond a doubt. As we make our humble bow to the public, we hope that progress may mark our course in every department of our work, until the / ibb^ Chronicle, its editor and publisher, its friends and patrons, will find themselves sailing toward the North Laud of liberty and civilization. Kansas Brigade's Version of John Brown. John Brown's body lies mouldering in the grave, While weep the sons of bondage whom 'ae ventured all to save, And though he lost his life in strugglirig for the slave, His soul is marching on. — CnoBtis. John Brown was s hero, undaunted, true and brave, Kansas knew his valor when he fought her rights to save, And though the grass grows green hbove his northern grave, His soul is maroliing on. — Chobhs. \ Ig conip'ied with, the c foi- obtaining useful ■ fc expect an extensire hich are always the lottc that od then, t men," Iicy will ever obtain 'oa price. We can- t the contributors to ent of the land, in- e judge, the erudite wned legislator, and H of life, whose ecu- cess beyond a doubt, public, we hope that •y department of our iitor and publisher, selves sailing toward ion. John Brown. rave, ntured all to gave, the slave, ! on. — Caoacs. I brave, ghts to save, northern grave, on. — Chorus. Fifth New York Cavaluy. 837 He captured Harper'c Ferry with bis nineteen men so few, And frightened "Old Virginny" till she trembled through and through; They hung him for a traitor — ihorai'ulveH a traitor crew. But his sotil 18 marching on. — Chorus. The conflict that be heralded he looks from heaven to view. On the army of the Union with her Hag, rod, while and blue. And heaven shall ring with anthems o'er the deeds we mean to do, As we go marching on. — Chobvs. soldiers of Columb'a, then strike, while strike you .nay, The death-blow of oppression in this better time and way, And the dawn of old John Brown will brighten into day. As we go marching on. — Cuoius. Captain, "South Window," Libby Prison; Rich.mond, Va. No. 1. Mr. Editor : Who among your hearers have not felt as the writer feels to-day, weary and worn out with the dull monotony of prison life ? There is no future here ; night and day succeed one another with but the same scene, the same fruitless longing for liberty. Even these more than precious letters, brief mementos of the dear ones at home, make the bitterness of captivity but the deeper. Many, if not all of us, have faced death on the battle field and are willing to do so in our Country's cause again ; but who, once released; would yield to see the walls of Libby Prison or.ce more ? True, thi i rome have been unfortunate enough to now be prisonerp of war a second, and, in one instance, we believe, a third time, — such are entitled to our sympathy. They are indeed sufferers. 'ill,: I'P m mm 1 Ki m mm \ ^.,: *■■♦*• ^^i-j^aii ■■ *A y^K, ■■«-«^.-SiJSB-.*i**n*?{»„if- ■;.V45'intefejfc^< ■>0f,fv;it'SSi«' mi. m jiijiiiwlii ' 888 Historic Rkcords. it^ ^ Am I harping, Mr. Editor, on a threadbare theme ? I crave pardon. A fit of the blues is on me to-day, and what I write partalces of it. Even the heavens are overcast with clouds. " The autumn days haye come The saddest of the year.—" We take a sidelong glance from our "south window," and see away off in the distance a portion of Belle Isle, occupied by thousands of our brave men. Poor fellows! There lot is, while it lasts, even worse than ours. — Hark, what sound breaks from the depths below our feet ? "Mess No. , dinner." We go, Mr. Editor, we go. Sorrowfully we lay our pen aside, hoping when we write .again, to reach a more cheerful result. Au revoir. Black bean soup awaits us. Captain P. Conundrums. Q. In what respect do the officers confined in Libby re- semble Dives in the parable ? Ans. They are looking to Abraham for comfort. Q. Why is an elephant like a pile of brick f Ans. Because neither can climb a tree. Q. Why •■«! our soup in Libby like the stuff of which dreams are made ? Ans. Because it is a body without substance. n 4-4 idbare theme ? I to-day, aad what are overcast with le nth window," and ille Isle, occupied diows ! There lot 18 below our feet f . Editor, we go. when we write Captain P. aed in Libby re- lomfort. 2k? stuff of which nee. Fifth New Yokk Cavalry. 889 Castlb Thunder. FAST I. On Gary street, in Richmond, there is a mongrel den Of thievee, sneaks, and cowards, mixed up with gentlemen. Oh, it is a shame to huddle in together Men and beasts, wild and tame, like birds of every feather. The Eeb. authorities scared up this living wonder, Made it a prison, and named it Castle Thunder. Here they tumble in characters of every hue, Reprobates steeped in sin with the Christian and the Jew. Conscripts by the dozen, at daylight and after dark. Come pouring in the Castle like animals in the ark ; Some are small, some are great, some show pluck, some white liter, Some from Mississippi state and " Goobers" from Tar river. Substitutes and deserters come in in sorry plight, And sub-gents, too, are hero quartered for the night. Blockade runners, also, are shut up for a warning. But seldom leave, as promised, early the next morning. While on Potomac's banks both parties try to nab 'em, If they escape the Yanks, old JefiF. is sure to grab 'em. So-called spies are castled here, who think it real hard luok, They are all from mkeedom, excepting one Kennuck ; Disloyalists are also here, and one for being a gnide, 9 boys call him Doodlebug, for piloting Burnside. V also have an oyster man, who the oflioers discover, Ws. Union on the York but Seoesh on James river. Par: first tells you where the Castle is and who are there, Part second will disclose the manner of our fare. We have a doten rooms or more, *ndin some two or three, The boys wear handoufifs, balls and chains — Confederate jewelry. Some rest on cots, on boards, with blankets, some without them, W- tf i„ 1 > I 1 «<*\"i*'sSf*-v ^k !.t*>t>V., K f if 4 1 > 1,1 «? 840 Historic Rkcords. iH ' i- 1' ' S>'^ 5 * ''' fM; * t ' a ' * J iifa-f ~, And when (hey get to sleep the big hugs often rout them; They never sleep in quiet though ever so much drowsy, For the vermin are so thick and big, the lice themselves are loiigy. We have eighteen kinds of food, though 'twill stagger your belief, We have bread, beef and soup, and bread, soup and beef; Then we separate about, with twenty in a group. And get beef, soup and bread, and beef, bread and soup ; For our dessert we obtain, though it costs us nary red, Soup, bread and beef, and beef, soup and bread. The bread we usually get is of a very good sort, True, it is the staff of life, but our staff is rather short. Our beef's so lean and dry, that, swallowing, it will bound back, Unless we recollect afore, to try to grease the track. It is too tough and strong, for our noses or our knives. The cattle were so poor aud thin, were killed to save their lives. The hides are made up into shoes, the sinews into strings, The mcrrow into soup, and the bones in pretty rings. Our soup is much too weak, to please a very high liver, 'Tis made of beans, bugs and rice, and extract of James river. Now I've told you what we eat, whether we're well or sick, What we drink is never strong though sometimes rather thick. Our drink is rarely river water, except to save from death, And then for want of whiskey we smell an officer's breath. Meat and drink are now so scarce as to raise a serious doubt, Whether the Confederacy is not about played out. Number one and two you've heard, and now in division third, I will say a word about the way we are officered. PART III. Military officers of the very meanest stuff, For every local post, are oontidered good enough. In officering Richmond they varied not the general rule, To appoint a drunkard, a tyrant, a coward or a fool. It is plainly to be seen that in a little while When Salnn fccoopes his jewels up, in Biohmond he'll get a pile. ■'i'ias.- i Fifth New York Cavalry. 841 rout tbem; I drowsy, hem selves are lougy. stagger your b«Uef, p and beef; up, and soup ; lary red, d. f, er short. t will bound back, track. ' knives. to save their lives. Into strings, r rings, igh liver, of James river. well or sick, nes rather thick. from death, cer's breath. I serious doubt, out. a division third, ed. igh. aeral rule, a fool. id he'll get a pile. At the head of Richmond post they've placed a Marylander, And like the devil in regions lost there sits General Winder. He snaps and snarls, he rips and swears, whether sober or tight, The old villain's heart's as black as his bead is white. All through this vicinity they hate him as hard as they can, Kor ever slander him with epithet of decent man. However mean, he's a patriot, that may be undertttond. For when he left the Yankee land, 'twas for his country's good. We come to Major Griswold. who is our Provost Marshal, He's a little prejudiced, which makes him rather partial ; 15ut when compared to Winder he seems no virtue to lack. As green is almost white by the side of jet black. And there's Judge Baxter, who also is a queer old case, He has so large a centre he can hardly change his base. He says whiskey's adangerous thing to have about the town, So, with all his might, he's for putting whiskey down. Whiskey is fifty cents a drink, and of the meanest sort, The Judge, to get his money's worth, swallows it by the quart. I win slyly tell you, boys, if your money you begrudge, How to get your whiskey cheap — step up and tap the judge. In the door of the castle, like a stopple in a jug. To shut the prison's mouth, they've stuck a Baltimore plug ; It is Captain Alexander, who is so cross and spunky, He is certainly not fit to command an oyster pungy. The captain is such a case as may be often seen, Wlio thinks he's very smart; but is invisible green | He is a thundering blower, but would not dare lo flght. As dogs that bark the loudest are seldom known to bite. Yet he has streaks of good, as well as mean, miKsd for relitf, The first are scarce and thin like fat in Confederate beef. He also came from Maryland, ami meen as Nick can make him, And the reason why we keep him is because the devil won't tak* him. 1,(5 ,1 If J 41 1 ^j^^^felsaifcfc^atei3s^i3^*^3^^'*»'*^^^'*^ 1'" 'll I 342 IIisToiuc Records. Allen 18 a smooth old rat, that is truthfully said, He shines with blnck from boots to hat, his face shines with red; He pours down whiskey double-quick, there is no doubt of that; Sometimes he makes believe he's sick but it's a brick in his hat. Uld Allen is a villam of the Tery darkest stripe, He'll go home to purgatory as soon as he is ripe. And if he does not blow off steam and soon shut down the brakes In a dream of delerium he'll find his boots are full of snakes. He has an oily tongue and face full of deceit and evil. And should Old Nick miss that scape-grace, there's no need of a devil. A Pkivatb. Facts and Fun. I am one of those who have derived much information from the facta which have been demonstrated, and much amusement from the fun which has been generated in the columns of the Chronicle. We have been favored with statements and demonstrations of facts pertaining to almost every subject of public interest. Creeds of religion and po- litical faith have wisely been excluded from the /act depart- ment of this association. No one could consistently with tne objects of the association and the courtesy due individual members thereof, lead off with a bigoted or partisan state- ment and denunciation, which would necessarily be offensive to others, and would, if replied to in the same spirit, lead here as elsewhere, to recriminations, disputes and disunion. We are gratified to observe that this principle has com- mended itself to all, and that such questions have not been obtruded upon ground sacred to instruction. Success to the "stubborn" department of the Ljceum, and may matters of personal experience, travels, history, I W"P Fifth Nbw York Cavalry. 348 shines with red ; doubt of that ; irick in his hat. down the braltes, ill of snakes. I evil, re's no need of a A Pbivatb. iich information tted, and much «nerat«d in the n favored with lining to almost religion and po- the fact depart- onsistently with y due individual •r partisan atate- irily be offensive Eime spirit, lead iS and disunion, nciple has com- is have not been )f the L;)ceum, travels, history, science witb its innumerable branches, extending from the depths of the earth to regions above and beyond our ken, the arts and graces, Christianity and patriotism, never lack for able defenders and expounders, and the meetings of the association will not lack in interest, nor the speakers or readers for appreciative listeners. In tbe stubbornness of fact is found a self-suppoi ting dignity. Fun, on the contrary, is apt, inside and outside of our circle, to degenerate into folly. The harmless play of seven and eight P. M. has, at nine or ten, degenerated into pro- fanity and obscenity, which wisely await darkness before coming forth to disturb the sleep and sensibilities of the majority of the officers here confined. Inside our circle great care is necessary lest the joke grate too harshly on rough edge or straight edge. Of this food so healthful for body and mind we should seek the highest and best, by keeping watch and ward over our unruly members, and carefully analyzing and examining those specimens which are recognized models of wit. When well executed the burlesque is, perhaps, the happiest style of wit. May our /an never grow less in quantity or quality. Yive la Bagatelle. Major P. Newb of Libbt. Monday, September 28tb, 12 M. Rumored that the exchange oommissioners did not meet yesterday as was expected. Four P. M. Rumor says that the United States commis- sioners, having heard of Spencer Kellogg's execution, imme- diately returned without awaiting the arrival of the Confede- I '11 ' M m ^0 ^ ii .! 4\ I '-ji^^^^i^^ "■^^.^5^"^^^^^^^^^^*''***^'^*'*^^"^^^^^ l*Si^;5#^-' h>1 n 844 Historic Records. *;<. L-' 1 ;Alf rate States troop, and that there will be no exchange of prisoners soon. September 29th. As a result of yesterday's news tlie spirits are drooping in all, except those of the huxtering fry, who seem to have renewed their diligence. September SOth. We have news from a reliable source, that all the Federal officers are to be paroled and sent north on the next truce boat. Three p. m. Since receiving the above telegram we have received information that no exchange or parole is to occur, as the exchange agents have not acceeded to any proposi- tions yet oflFered, and that the next truce boat will bring blanketfi and clothing for the Libby family. October 1st. The huxtering fry say they will allow fruit to be conveyed down Red Lane pike, if the teamsters will allow them a profitable remuneration. Latest from the hospital, four and one half p. M. A United States gun-boat brought dispatches that no exchange even of privates would be allowed until the case of Kellogg is satisfactorily explained. Still later, nine P. M. The commissioners are to meet on the 3d October. The United States commissioner will bring six gun-boats along to protect the white flag. Yours, Jack Rumortrap. "South Window." No 2. Shall I tell you why, Mr. Editor, that ensconced in this out-of-the-way corner, close to this cross-barred frame, why I call it my South Window ? Because memory reverts to SSU". ,> '^ I Fifth New York Cavalry. 345 no ezchango of rday's news tlie of the huxtering uce. » reliable source, ed and sent north telegram we have parole is to occur, sd to any proposi- boat will bring sy will allow fruit he teamsters will If P. M. A United exchange even use of Kellogg is rs are to meet on issioner will bring : RUMORTRAP. nsconced in this irred frame, why emory reverts to another scene and time in by-gone days, when a fair bright face oft watched adown the road, the first to welcome the toiler home. I wonder if she sits in that "south window" nuw and waits the wanderer's return ? Ah, Mr. Editor, whose heart so cold it would not warm with thoughts like these ? Ever as memory goes back to those fast-growing far distant hours 1 picture my happy lionie. Situated a few miles away from the busy hum of the metropolis on a little bay, nestled among a magnificent 1,'ruve of chesnuts, hid by them from the sight of the passer by, is my home. There at night, after the work of the day, have I retired in keen enjoyment of the comforts of a happy home, sur- rounded only by those who love. Such a life is almost the poet's dream of Elysium. There in the early mists of the morning have I mounted my horse for a ride along the sea- Bhore, or through the clover fields ; or In the moonlit sum- mer's evening have unfurled the sails of my "Bonny" yacht and glided on the smooth surface of the bay, hour ailer hour, happy in forgetfulness of all save the present. This, in all its wide meaning, is home. And here, Mr. Editor, the ofVrepeated prayer arises, may the day soon come, when you and I, and all of r^, shall leave our prison abode, and be permitted to clasp our loved ones in a warm embrace, when the dismal clouds of war are scattered, and the sunshine of peace shall fall upon a reu- nited land. Once more, Au revair. Capiain p. m. I •^ •IJK^®;3iift®ssMtS'i^K^^*s»SbM.i.--j-^*^^ ,.,>.;<#^' 846 Historic Eeoobds. (Written exprewly for the LlDby ChronUtt.) ThC LiBBYAD. "Of Libby'sjioe to us th« direful apring Of woM annumbar«d, heavenl/ muaes iiing." Homer moderniied. Think not mj theme lo trifling, none you can meution, Ueoeivea in Libby half lo muoh attention. A phonographic clan of half a doien score, In one short week, falls off a half or more ; French, too, and Spanish, as all can plainly see, Lose their students in the same degree ; But who so laiy, so busy, or so nice, Neglects to giT« an hour each day to lice, Will be beset with troubles great and small. And have hard scratching to get along at all. If poeU write of battles 'twixt ftrogs and mice, Why not of skirmishes 'twixt men and lice T And while these Terses rude we are enditing. Look 'round to see the different styles of fighting. Watch Fngilisticus, he in a trice, Pulls off his dirty shirt to fight his lice ; His muscles thus of cumbrous duds bereft. See with what science he " puts in his left" Upon the bodies of his luckless brood, And Pngilisticns has gained '< first blood." With double i .ry he "puts in his right," And PugilisticuB has " won the fight." And there's Historious, with scabby back. Would trace their history as he hears them crack ; Wonders if these lice bear the same description, As those once scratched by Pharaoh and the Egyptians. He tries, in vain, from facts and from analogy. To thread their lineage and genealogy. 1 8 ling." omer modtrniied. au oaa m«ulio&, in. ore, )re; ainly lee, le, mall, at all. d mios, lioeT liting, of fighting. •eft, left" )d." ok, hem oraok ; loription, id the Egyptian!. analogy, Fifth New York Cavaluy. 347 He learns, ImweTer, irith rery little paine, The proudoal blood of Llbby is flowing in their veini. He marks, too, that the death ')f tli«He, his little foes. Is not as ignominious as thoughtless men suppose. Siscra, a great warrior, was slain by Jael, With those unwarlilte weapons, a hammer and a nail, While to slay these, so very much abused. Although tlicr. be no hammer, two nails are always used. Mark now Gallantrlous, that nice young man, With taper fingers made to wi-^ld a lady's fan. Much disgusted, see him huiuing, half ashamed of being seen, Thinks it " very unprelty," lico should stay in «hirt so clean. See now his handsome visage, wnat contortions and grimaces! As if to scare the nasty things, by making ugly faces. What would she think, his would-be, future spouse, To see him strip and squat and grin and louse ? Behold TheologiouB, with reverend lace, Peering with care in every hiding place. And while his little flock crawls 'round through heaps of slain, Such thoughts as these come crawling through his brain: What if 'midst all the creeds and doctrines which so stagger us, That should be true announced by old Pythagoras I That after death men's souls instead of going To heaven or hell according to the showing Uf orihodosy teachers, simply go forth To inhabit birds and beasts, insects and so forth Base or noble as their lives may show forth. Most in this prison, if I judge aright, Will live in noble beasts and birds of lofty flight. But some there are, who'U live again as hogs. Some skunks, some asses, some as snappish dogi. A very few have souls so small and base That even such as these they would disgrace. Crammed in this loathsome prison, scorned like slaves, 29 I'f 1, j' I 'irf . 1 \* nif I 'SI'." 1 'iW *' ill ' ll ' I, fKl 848 Historic Records. IniuUed, slarTcd by coward traitor knaTei, The men who in our lufferini; have betrayed ua, And fawn on tboie who brutally degrade ui, Even auch email aouls, will find a fitting nice, And lire hereafter, in loathsome Libby'a Hoe. There'a Philosophious, with thoughtful brow. Who know* the " why" of eyerything, the " what" and " how." He watched his louse to learn each aecret habit. Before with bloody fanga he proceeda to grab it. Beea it in ita ooiy neat recline, Marka it making love and obaerTea it dine. With wise diaorimination he can trace The difference 'twixt the louae and bedbug race — But I'll cease aoratihing linea and acratoh •' Sootoh-fiddle" tunea. At aomething crawling in my pantaloona. LiBUTBXANT CoLOHlIi W. Libby Prison, Richmond, Va., September 26th, 1863 To His Excellency, Augustus W. Bradford, Governor of Maryland, Sir: We, the undersigned officers of your state, now suffering the privations of prison life, though conscious that we are not forgotten by you, would nevertheless urge upon your consideration the importance of making ft personal effort for our release, should such effort be found practi- cable. Our imprisonment has become almost intolerable. Depri-'ed as we have been, so long, of the sweet sunshine and pure air, also of our accustomed diet when fretv we have gradually sunken under the debilitating influence. Scrofulous and dropsical diseases have already manifested their alarming syroptons among us, and will doubtless prove fatal in many cases, unless we are soon released. Our fel- i' •mm> Fifth New York Cavaihy. 849 ei, lyed ui, nice, Hoe. irow, " what" »nd "how." habit, grab it. low-Bufferer, Major Morris, but recently fell a Tictim to our wretched condition. OtherH will probably soon follow him. Can anything be done for us ? Our prayer is brief, but earnest. We are, respected Sir, Your obedient servants, &0. (Signed by many officers of the state of Maryland). ug raoe — h " Sootoit-fiddU" ■RANT COLOHBL W. nber 26th, 1863 DFOBD, ernor of Maryland, )f your state, now lugh oonsoious that rthelesB urge upon naking ti personal b be found practi- almost intolerable. ;he sweet sunshine let when free; we ting influence, already manifested ill doubtless prove eleased. Our fel- Who IB RfHPONHIBLE FOR NON-EXCHANQE OF PbIBONKBB? ST I.1BUTB1IAMT OOLOIIRL X. It is with much regret that we announce the fact to the readers of the Chronicle, that there are those among the officers now confined in this delectable (?) locality, ycleped Libby, who are uttering curses, "not loud, but deep," against our government, for permitting them to remain here »o long. These officers evince more of the spirit of spoiled I'liiUlren, than of that manly courage and patience which bhould characterise the actions of the American officer and soldier. The officer who utters complaints against our government fur his continued incarceration, shows that he does not under- Htund the principles involved in the controversy, in relation to the exchange of prisoners, or else he is prompted by mo- tives altogether selfish and unpatriotic. The exchange of officers was suspended in consequence of the unfair proceed- ings of the Bebel authorities, about the first of June, in retaining certain officers in an unjust and arbitrary manner. Among those thus retained were Colonel Streight's officers, Captain McKee, of the Fourteenth Kentucky Cavalry, and Lieutenant Conn, of the Second Virginia Cavalry. Our '%• ,; 'I J; "I >l ■ -./>««.»?5f»i:'ai •;i'';-i*Vi»* ■*-'-* •' ^«^s^,^fy^.'^f^^if^'90^m^^0%^0,'Pm 850 Historic Records. ..i'l' % } commissioner, o i discovering this injustice, respectfully in- formed the ReVel commissioner, that all exchange of officers would be suspended, until the Rebels would exchange officer for officer and man for man, according to rank and to date of capture. The Rebels, at that time, were anticipating a series of successes, which they have not realized, though they persist, with a dogged obstinacy, in the unjust course which they had marked for themselves. Instead of removing obstacles which they had thrown in the way of the cartel, they con- tinue to increase those obstacles, by high-handed acts of injustice and cruelty, and make the affair more complicated. All that ii necessary, is to return to the cartel and proceed as formerly. When the Rebels do this, our government is ready to exchange, but until then, it acts properly in refus- ing to "xchango. A partial or special exchange would leave many an unfortunate prisoner, exposed to even worse insults and indignities, than now. The suspension of the cartel will doubtless continue until the Rebels are willing to con- duet the exchange on fair principles, and every patriotic officer should submit to his sad fate with manly fortitude. Our government has not forgotten us, but, on the con- trary, it is pursuing that course which will result to our advantage. Should partial exchanges be made, a portion of the officers would be held as hostages, confined in wretched cells, and reserved for hanging or sheeting, for the amuse- ment and recreation of the chivalry. Such exchanges would add to the comfort of some, but would increase the Bufferings of others. What officer is so devoid of humanity ae to be willing to accept his personal liberty at such expenso? If there be any such in Idbby, ttry had better 1 Fifth Kew York Cavalry. 361 le, respectfully in- ^change of officers exchaflge officer I rank and to date ating a series of ougli they persist, urse which they emoving obstacles 3 cartel, they con- i-handed acts of more complicated, irtel and proceed )ur government is properly in refus- lange would leave even worse insults sion of the cartel re willing to con- id every patriotic lanly fortitude, but, on the con- rill result to our made, a portion fined in wretched ?, for the amuse- Such exchanges lid increase the oid of humanity liberty at such ttfj had better tender their "immediate and unconditional" resignation, as soon as possible, and retire to their own place. But, in the language of Holy Writ, let us " endure hardness as good soldiers," trusting in nr God of battles to deliver us; assured also that we are not forgotten by father Abraham, who is evidently doing all that justice and mercy can prompt him to do for our relief. While it is well for us to invite the aid of our influential friends in th^ north, in this matter of exchange, it is equally proper to bide our time with patience and resignation. "South Window." No 8. October, 1st, 1863. Amidst the excitements of ''fresh fish"i (and this is ever a fishy place) and exchange, there has been little time of lato to write, and even now your correspondent knows of little that will interest your htirers. "Changing, forever clianging; so runs on the petty pace from day to day," says the poet, and how has its truthfulness been proven during the few weeks pa.st. Victory and defeat have hovered o'er our country's banners, and as we watch to see the smoke of battle roll away, we see the red result — a result which we, men of war, have seen but too often. ■ Whenever a company of prisoners was seen approaching Libby, the cry, "fresh fish 1" " fresh fish 1" was made within, followed by a nmh to the fi'ont windows, to get a glimpse of the uew comers. As they generally had friends in the prison, and were bearers of the If»t!»st reliable news from the army, on being introduced into the rooms, they were surrounded by an eager tlirong, and a shower of questions was raincJ upon them. Those were seasons of great pxcitement. 1 w "^ 1 I •'.' f. r 362 ilisTouic Records. •XI Vast armit umbered by ibeir tens of thousands, j»o crashing togetiu ■ , steel clashes against steel, fire responds to fire ; the one recoils, and again amid the whistling ball and hurtling shell, the scene is rctinacted, until the one, weaker and worn out, is hurled back, whipped, defeated, routed. They, who were brave men an hour before, on losing hope, fly for safety under some impregnable fortress. Thus, though, Mr. Editor, has it not been with our valiant army of the Cumberknd. Forced into a battle without position, what did our brave Rosecriiiis? Witli numbers small ir comparison to those of his foe, we see him day after day stubbornly fighting. At length his linos are driven back, for they cannot reiiist the foiee that is hurled, coofident in their weight of num- bers, against them. Back, back they fall, and, in a few moments more, all will be lost; but see I a form, well knowa and loveis command. From the great, the learned, the wealthy and the lair, 'hospitaUtiea, invitations and favors of every kind were tendered him, and his sojoura in town or coun- try, was a continuation of f^te days, culmi-aating in intensity as his leave of absence drew near its close. "All mevi r«»ore-l hirn, all women loved." To impugn his character, or to doubt his honor, Hubjeoted the utterer 'to the closest investigation, or to the stern ar- bilrameot of arms, while, to him, to fall from his high position, was a descent second only to that of Lucifer. In camp, courteovB to bis subordinates, he was ever respectful to his superiors; and in the field, ho faced the foe, because the path to glory k through the field of dangtr. For his associates, with whom ho had encoimtered many vicissitudes "through field aud flood," he entertained an affection dearer than the tiei* of r«ktionf,hip ; aiul wai^ ever ready to aid, support and ddeud them at all hazards. Such were the life, character and nttribat,^s of au Amcriean officer at the commencement of this contest ; and whether enroUci iu defense of constitutional right and a juivl governracn!:, or engaged in ma-rshalling the ranks of the disloyal and the r ^m ^v^^i^l^i.;^^*'^ M I 354 Historic Kecords. traitor, to this day he retains, in an eminent degree, most, if not all, of tLise virtues. Let us now turn to the volunteer. Called to arms by his country's need, the gifted, the honored, the brave, throwing off the lethargy of peace, donned the uniform of his govern- ment, and, pledging his life and his sacred honor, rushed to th 'I defense of a time-honored flag, and the beloved inatitu- tions of his forefathers. A hearty volunteer in a glorious cause, he brought with him the enthusiasm of the patriot, and the loyalty of the citizen; accustomed to comfort and nurtured in luxury, he endured the privations of the camp and the bitter experiences of martial life, with cheerfulness and obedience ; proud of his cause, his country and his uni- form, he strove so to guide his steps, that each and all might be honored by his advocacy. Acquainted with the amenities of civil life ; filled with the recollections of the social distinctions accorded to the oflicer of former day.s, and a firm believer in the attributes of the chivalric soldier, he naturally turned to his immediate associates in arms, for an e'^'nbition of those characteristics, which have garnishuJ the pages of history and peopled the world with heroes. The chiR which nightly awakens the denizens of Libby by its eager search after the paternal Teet;' to whom the knowledge of light, air, and impalpable being, is but a thing of yesterday, is yet old enough to chronicle the downfall of theso expectations ; and could he answer, young as he is, his youthful visage would rival, in intensity ^f color, his spanked extremity, after a severe flagellation by his irate 'Cnptain Joha Teed could imitate the crying of a iittle child so perfectly, as to render detection almost impossible. Hours of intense merriment were occasioned by this thing alone. ! M: Fifth New York Cavalrv. 355 U degree, most, if ed to arms by his e brave, throwing nu of his govern- honor, rushed to e beloved institu- tecr in a glorious lai of the patriot, d to comfort and tiou8 of the camp with cheerfulness intrjr and his uni- hat each aud all juainted with the icol lections of the r of former days, chivalric soldier, iates in arms, for i have garnisht'ii with heroes, enizens of Libby tj' to whom the ig, is but a thing the downfall of young as he is, ity :>f color, his ;ion by his irate of a little child no ssible. Hours of ; alone. ancestor, while recounting the reverse of the picture. For, did he speak truly, he would tell of the lie bandied, in lieu of the sacred word of honor ever implied; of the act and fresture of filth and indecency, iu place of the manly joke uiul good humored repartee ; of the blasphemous response 1 1 the authorized command of the superior, instead of the (graceful obedience of the subordinate ; but, worse than all, ho would t*ll of the rights invaded, the property purloined, and the pocket rifled of one officer, by his fellow. Mr. Editor, had such a statement been made in any journal as respectable as your own, previous to my advent tij Libby, i would have deemed it my duty to hunt the anonymous slanderer from Lis secret lair, and nail the cal- umny to his forehead ; but now, alas, a short but painful experience in a military prison, has revealed to me, that an officer and a gentleman are no longer synonyms ; that the uniform of the soldier may cover the car ass of the sneak, and the shoulder straps of the officer may serve to conceal the brand of the thief. Dare any one deny this ? If any such there be, let them dispassionately investigaie the record of the past two weeks, and, ere venting their virtuous indigna- tion, inquire of the first officer they meet of /*('« experience; or, better, let them consult the official announcement, affixed to these walls, proclaiming the loss, by theft, of one hundred and eighty dollars, within the past fortnight; or they may be enlightened by the recital of innumerable petty larnenies, minor scoundrelisms and sneaking pilferings, unworthy the talent J of the meanest thief that ever graduated from the Fi- - Points. Even the honor which obtains among rogues, is forgotten, for we have it on record, that thief has robbed Uiief, and the sneak preyed upon his brother. And yet. '\ ■■ i-i '^»'^^-- t<* i^ 356 Historic Records. y si •' Q \ Si forsooth, these miscreants bear a commission, hold a com- mand, and, by my manhood, even sport a sword. Of such men the immortal Shakespeare has written thus : " He will steal, sir, an egg out of a cloister. He pro- fesses not keeping of oaths ; in breaking them he is stronger than Hercules. He will He, sir, with such volubility, that you would think truth were a fool. Lrunkenness is his best virtue, for he will be swine-drunk, aud in his sleep he docs little harm, save to his bed clothes about him ; but they know his conditions and lay him in straw. I havo but little more to say, sir, of his honesty ; he has every- thing that an honest man should not have, what an honest man should have, he has nothing." I would not have it understood, Mr. Editor, that a ma- jority, or even a tenth of our number, are open to these charges. The bad among us are, I am proud to say, nu- merically small, but that they are killful and proficient their present concealment evidences. Brought from the rariuus armies of the north and west, we are, in a degree, ^otal strangers lo a large number of the present inmates of IIiIh prison. The very man who shares our plank, is un- K nown to us, by name or state, and may be, for all we jcnow, the mirror of knighthood, or the veriest poltroon. A sufferer by the peculations complained of, we turn in querulous bas^e, with jealous eye, upon the first comer, and arc more likely to suspect the innocent, than to detect the guilty; and we ourselves, while seeking our despoiler, are in turn susoected by a fellow-sufferer, who deems the eager looks of the loser, the preying scrutiny of the thief For cur own sakes, then, let us combine to purge our body of this moral blot, to rid our profession of this UMVel stain 1 HEii FiFTU New York Cavalry. J57 [ssion, hold a com- a Bword. Of such in thus : cloister. He pro- them he is stronger ich volubility, that Drunkenness is his at>d in his sleep he es about him; but in straw. I havo sty ; he has every- ve, what an honest Editor, that a ma- are open to these n proud to say, nu- Iful and proficient Brought from the re arc, in a degree, present inmates of our plank, is un- may be, for all we ericst poltroon, led of, we turn in be first comer, and than to detect the our despoiler, are deems the eager )f the thief. For surge our body of f this novel st-ain To one or the other, the condition and opinion of each and every man are known. The knave and the coward, under a close surveillance, must inevitably be discovered, while the brave and the honorable can rarely be misunderstood. Murk then every man, by his words and actions. Scan closely the unguarded movements and desultory remarks ut' the suspected. Meet cunning with stratagem, and ply the rogue to his ruin. The cause we advocate and the uniform we wear, demand that we should expose the un- worthy and unmask the dishonest; and it is the duty of every honest man, to bring the r'' "ant thief to that justice he so much needs and fears. Written expressly for the Chronidt). Thk Irruption.* BT UKUTBITANT N. 'Twas night, and Rebel Libby, wrapped in sleep, Was hushed to quiet, weird, sublime and deep : Along the floor the moon's pale, flickering beam, Athwart each visage, shot with fitful gleam, As if in pity she did stoop to bless, And cheer each prisoner with a fond caress. And what a sight that moon-lit floor displays t In each pale face, upturned to meet her rays, She shines resplendent, and paints in colors bright A cheerful soul within, content and light ; Tet through its workings, now in fit and start, Unfolds the sorrows of an anguished heart. m V'tfi, 'iM '!'S-:;'; * This poem was written eoon after the arrival of oar ofllcen, captured at Chlckamanga. I "^-'■^mr 358 IliSTonic Records. f. I From scene like this wo turn our weary bead, To court unwilling Sleep to bless our bed ; When, hark ! upon the stillness harshly breaks A sound, that to the base old Libby shakes ; Like to the war of billows, tempest-clad, That beat old Ocean's shore, in foment mad. Or cannon's thunders loud, when heard afar. In battle's dreadful strife, " grim-visaged war.' It nearer, louder comes. " What can it be ? " Each wakened dreamer cries, and starts to see. And what a sight meets their astonished gaze, By light of moon and candle's flickering blaze 1 The vandal Yankees, in " irruption " bold, In numbers seventy and one all told. Are in a horde dark Libby's cells invading. And 'long its files with stealthy tread are raiding; Their guide a contraband : deceitful black. To thus direct the cunning Yankees' track. Surprised, awaked by the in-coming foe. The inmates rise to strike a mortal blow : Aloft they rise in majesty so grand These dreamers, this incarcerated band ; With mingled crios of joy, of fear and rage, They quickly haste the coming fight to wage ; When, lo t above the din cries out a wag: "'Tis not the vandals, only Braxton Bragg, Who comes to reinforce the garrison. With gobbled troops of Teuton Rosy'a men " 5 foe, blow : and; id rage, > to wage ; wag: ^ragg, t 8 men " Fifth New York Cavalry. LlOIITS AND SUADEH IN LiBBT. 359 No. 1. [BdUoriat.] Day dawnf>, and light falls upon the adjacent fields and waters, and struggles through the barred windows of Libby. How many it arouses from sweet dreams of home and dnys of liberty, to look upon solemn prison walls, bare rafters under the roof, and naked posts and beams. What a con- trast to the waking scenes of other days ! Scarcely have you made yourself believe that you are a prisoner of war, when your ear is greeted by a clear voice Id a broken tongue, which cannot well be mistaken, " All four copies of de mornin' papers ! " And occasionally, for mirth's sake, the voice exclaims, "News from Ireland!" " Full account of de flyin' mule ! " etc. But when our sable friend, " Old Ben," cries out, " Full statement of exchange of prisoners ! " there is a general resurrection of heads and bodies throughout the room, and a large patronage is enjoyed by the poor slave, who so often has cheered the inmates of this doleful place by his musical voice and plea- sant laughter. This is a part of our matinee. Now there is a pounding and a grating, and no little rumbling and ratiling. You need not wonder, the cooks have commenced their work. The stoves fairly groan under their loads of pots and kettles for coflfee and soup, while their ovens are pregnant with the accustomed bash and toast. All day loag this is a source of annoyance or diversion. There is pounding on the floor for water from below, when the faucets have been closed ; there is haste to secure the best pots, kettles and pans for public and private uses ; there .f.riS^- Fifth New Yoek Cavalry. 861 lad cooks to young t cooks at all, while brute force ininfjle rangcments. Long unifioont the supply fler another appears porcelain sets have le, for one man is fingers ; another by Doden spoon, carved all, this eating is a ally abide, living to ores hold out. morning meal ap- whose chief employ eans of his " Union 18, made from burn- )kiDg skillet, enjoy- [uite as well as his 9 heard announcing jOebating Club in ipede, and a rush to he dirty floor, upon 9 Indian chiefs at a ited, are worthy the rving. On his way mdience, the chair- he following notice, Libhy Lyceum t First Discussion— Tuesday, Aug, 4th, 10 A. M. Question : Reaulvcd, that the Fear of Punishment has a greater in- fluence on mankind than the Hope of Reward. LllUT. 8. H. B/.LtABD, 1 _,. . n- . . „ t Chtef Duputantt. LiiCT. Jamis Burns, J •' "^ LiEPT. CoL. F. F. Cavada, 1 subttilulti. LiKUT. H. D. Chambbblaim, J All members are requested to prepare themselves for the discussion. By order, H. Rees Whiting, Secretary. Louis N. Boudrye, I\esident. From fifteen to twenty participate m the spirited debate, which elicits no little amount c general intelligence, good oratorical ability, wit and humor. With the chairman's decision, the choice of another question, appointments and miscellaneous business, the parties disperse, feeling that their time has been admirably spent. Correspondence. We have received the following from our special corre- spondent, at Havanna : Sefior Redactor del LMy Chronicle: Por el prdcsimo vapor, por via de Nueva York, enviar6 d vd. diez mil tobacos superiores, para el uso de los prisioneros Federales en la cdrcel de Libby. Su seguro servidor, Que sus manoB besa, Juan Snooks. m 1 -ixk k: -} If, l\ k ,l 1 u '4 ■'1 ^/ 'y •» ^ 1 5?: ^v '•ti J^ . > •4 .■it J a , t^-^ 'f 362 Historic Records. Why do Gentlemen Smoke ? The chewing of tobacco, although u filthy practice, may oe defended on the ground that if the chewer be careful to use the spittoon, he annoyb or injures no one but himself, and every man has » right to amuse himself as he pleases, provided he does not interfere with his neighbor. But can as much be said in defence of smoking? We think not, especially in Libby, where at least /our hundred mtinking pipes pollute the air most villainousli/. This stench may counteract, it is true, the noxious and sickening effluvia from the sinks, but in this case the remedy seems even worse than the disease. Erom the earliest dawn of the gray morning, until long after we have sought sleep on the verjiin-infested floor, this choking and offensive smoke loads all the air, permeates every nook and corner of the prison, and irritates our luijg>' at every breath. At meals we have it thick about our heads. It mingles with our hash, lends its hateful flavor to our Rio C?) coffee, settles in " puffs " and circles into our soup ; in jhort, we are forced to eat it with overy mouthful of our food. At " roll cull " we seek a place in the ranks, where no pipe is near, but v o scarcely get into " position," when pop comes a German gentleman in our rear, protruding his long- handle pipe over our shoulder, while its hot, reeking stench slowly ascends to our very nostrils. The call over, we hasten to a window to catch, if possible, one breath of the sweet morning air, and we have gained but one inspiration, when we are saluted with, " Fine morning, captain." We try to answer, " yes," but are choked off by the dense cloud of the ' .i. Fifth New York Cavalry. 863 ;,,?!■, iE? thy practice, may wer be careful to one but himself, ilf as he pleases, ighbor. But can We think not, hundred stinking fhis stench may iekening effluvia seems even worse rning, until long ifested floor, this e air, permeates •ritates our luug>' about our heads, 'ul flavor to our 8 into our soup ; mouthful of our ranks, where no ition," when pop trud;ng his long- i, reeking stench 1 over, we hasten ith of the sweet nspiration, when in." We try to inse cloud of the " fumes of the weed," which surround, envelop and engulf us, and we stand aghast to find ourself flanked on either side by an old " black stager " of a long-used clay pipe. Retreating from this dilemma, we pass into the kitchen, aud, the morning being cool, we try to hover near the stoves a moment, when we are startled by an authoritative voice behind us, calling out: "There's too much crowd around these stoves! Are these gentlemen all cooks?" Not belonging to that fraternity on this occasion, we hastily retreat, fearing wtj have intruded, when the speaker, with all the insolent nonchalance of an acting a»»istant adjutant general, steps up to the stove bnd — lighU hi$ pipe! Amused, we turn to leave, but are attracted by a gentleman who is chopping meat for hash. A. well-filled pipe, at tho end of two feet of cane reed, hangs down and rer.ches nearly to the meat, while at every blow of the knife, the jotting motion shakes a little ashes and tobacco into the dish. A queer condiment, we think ; but, then, perhaps his mess all smoke. As we leave the kitchen we pause to read the " Hints for Cooking," kindly posted for our uoe, but, lo ! the title page, frontispiece, and a part of the first page, are torn away: for wiiat? To light the pipes, forsooth 1 Disheartened, we turn again to a window foi »n instant's relief from the ever- lasting pipe. But here also we find a commissary peeling cold potatoes to make his hash, and as he works he is "crooning o'er some auld Scotch sonnet," and ever and anon the motiou of his lips shakes, from his over-loaded pipe, small flakelets of the burning weed, which sprinkle each potato thoroughly. But, then, he is making private hash, 80 that's all right. ¥ i If g ! .It ' •hi,} 'flsi*68^*'5***®- i<.s«5SiJj,jji'iSv»l3ii-''* mirtfiHi^' l-f f^ ' II .r,^ 364 Historic Rucohos. We hear the sound of music, and, turning, see two good singers holding the book. Fond of music we approach to have a treat, when, whew! each in his left hand holds a pii^e I and at every " rest" ia the tune, each takes a hearty whiff. Choked, tired and disappointed, we turn away to pray that Gen. Meredith would hurry up the exchange. Gerold. 1 -m The Beautiful. Beauty is not confined to nature, to trees, to flowers, and to the material world. It is the prime element of spirit iial life. It manifests itself in its highest and most subli -^ form, in the nobler traita of human character aud conduct. The only really tubstantial beauty in the world is truth, mercy and love. The natural rose soon fades, but the roses of moral conduct and spiritual life bloom forever. The highest typa of beauty this world ever saw, is con- tained in the life and death of Jesus Christ. There is beauty in the heavens, the stars, the clouds and the arch of blue; in the wide waste of old ocean, in the hills, plains, mountains and valleys of the earth. But there is nothing in these to compare with the feeblest effort for the elevation and welfare of the down-trodden and oppressed, the poor and despised, the ignorant and unfortunate, the erring and lost of the Luman race. What beauty in a fault forgiven, in a tear dried, in an error corrected, in a want supplied ! There is sublime beauty in Niagara, but a sublimer in the widow's gift of mites, or in the heavenly mission of Florence Nightingale ; more beauty in tii. refmal of Moses, than in the pomp and splendor of Pharaoh ; more in the ragged and -H^,'^.'!- "^ ■> 'V»«i"-' f , ■> *6 [ m^ W^ Fifth New York Cavalry. 365 1i: niDg, see two good sic we approach to it hand holds a lach takes a hearty we turn away to the exchange. Geuold. ees, to flowers, and lenient of spirifiial and most subli «^ icter aud conduct. Qe world is tnith, iides, but the roses forever. ever saw, is con- Christ. There is s and the arch of the hills, plains, there is nothing ■ for the elevat'on pressed, the poor «, the erring and a fault forgiven, Tant supplied ! 1 sublimer in the ssion of Florence ' Moses, than in 1 the ragged and despised Lazarus, than in the purple and fine linen of Oives ; more in visiting widows and orphans, than in the glory of vain princes. Such are the beauties of the soul, which reflect the brightness of heaven. These beam with the rays of eternity. S. G. H. Lights and Shades in Libby. No. 2. TIow truo is the saying that a man cannot long hide his real character. Remove him to the antipodes, or utterly, change the circumstances of his life, and he is still the same. Bayard Taylor once thought that if he could ever tread the sacred soil of Palestine, he would be a holier, bet- ter man, but be writes that when he stood in the consecrated ground of Gethsemane, he was the same Taylor still. The soldier will be a soldier, place him where you will. Who can doubt ihis, who looks out upon the teeming multitudes of Libby, some bright morning, after the light of day has aroused the miserable eleeperfe . Fcr then, even without orders, and thus making himself liable to a court-martial, every man sets himself to "skirmishing." The better to accomplish his work, like the racers in the Olympic games, I'o casts aside all his loose garments, which frequently in- cludes his entire wardrobe, and great preparations are made fur the conflict. The soldier must be a soldier. Wo ! wo now to the enemy that may chance to linger in the open fields, for the sharp-shooter will certainly dismount him. A dash is made, the grounu is cleared, all flank movements are prevented, and now there is a falling back to A,* [ fm^ ■ 'V?;»«ii^^y<:^■^-.^1•'■'&«NU»Jia«*^iBW»»^.^^■-W !1.1M.. «>ivlW.i m w 866 Historic Records. the fences and ravines, which, in prison parlance, are called "seams of shirts and pants." The battle now deepens. The reports of the missiles of death are numerous. Hunan blood is spilt. The casualties are mauy. for the black flag is raised ; no quarters, no prisoners, death or victory. Thii battling for human rights against brute force is going on in every room of the prison throughout the day, unless it be on those fortunate days, when the call is made, spreading like wild contagion from room to room : " The mail ! the mail !" Whatever men are doing is laid aside, and a rush is made generally to the upper west room, where one of our officers reads aloud the addresses. Every one hopes for a letter from the dear ones, a brief, yet precious memento. Eagerly each one listens for the calling of his name, though but a few are ever gratified with a message. The bustle of distribution over, each man regains his accustomed place, when an unusual quiet reigns. The disappointed are com- muning with their own thoughts, while others are busy with words from their loved and distant. As we pass from place to place, how easily we learn, without inquiring, what news has been received. Here a countenance glows with a delightful delirium over words of love and pleasant intelli- gence, but, there, hidden away as far as possible from the crowds, is one whose flowing tears fall upon the page that tells of ominous sickness or sorrowful death. Fain would he retire, as Joseph did from his brethren, co weep alone, unseen by any, save by Him, who gives and takes away, who, though He afflict on the one hand, always comforts on the other. Thus mid hopes and fears, sorrows and joys, mid scenes of strife and toil, the day wears away. We have "skir- ■'.^^*l^'«^-^-r'"^^'^*^.5^Vj..ir*,i^t-' I )arlance, are called ittle now deepens, umerous. Hunan for the black flag 1 or victory. Thij rce is going on in e day, unless it be is made, spreading " The mail ! the aside, and a rush , where one of our ry one hopes for a precious memento. F his name, though 5e. The bustle of accustomed place, appointed are com- hers are busy with we pass from place uiripg, what news ice glows with a d pleasant intelli- possible from the )on the page that ath. Fain would m, io weep alone, I takes away, who, comforts on the ! joys, mid scenes We have "skir- i^iFTH New York Cavalrv. 367 mished," ont bones, studied books, recited lessons, heard numberless and contradictory rumors about exchange, wit- nessed new arrivals of " fresh fish," swept our rooms, cooked and eaten our scanty allowances, formed new and long-lasting acquaintances, and the twilight, at length, with its mellow haze, settles down around us, to hide the weary day. This is the most sacred hour in the history of man. Manual and purely intellectual labors are laid aside to give place to higher, nobler toil. Now the weightier thoughts, which lay deepest during the day, rise to the surface, and become ruling forces. The ruder passions hide themselves, or. at least, keep silence, while the finer sentiments claim control. It is now that the better angels of our natures fold us in their wings. Memory, with her buely hands, gathers the richest fruita of by-gone days, and imagination paints the loveliest pictures of the friends we cherish. Who can por- tray the prisoner's depth of feeling in this hour, his deep study, his sad ennui, his brilliant poesy ? His heart surcharged with the rushing currents of emo- tion, seeks some object of contact upon which to cast its burden, and the mind, conscious of vreakness, desires to rest upon a foundation broader, surer than itself, and ha cries, " Lead me to the Bock, that is higher than I." It is the natural hour of prayer, and Libby becomes a sanctuary of worship. Most of the prisoners gla lly welcome the call to " evening prayers," and what a moral m the scene I Men who had never met before, of every shade of creeds, seem moved by one common impulse, and absorbed by one great desire to worship God. The numl ?r of those who take no interest or part in the solemn servic 3 is nightly growing less. They gather in a circle and a arailiar hymn is sung by ■"If- I t i^ ;'''V ti ii ■IS:: I "^ . T|ii**j^j^ii^4«**';"iiVrrfvr-^-5w»^*'><^ M^ S68 lIisToivic Records. all with unusual zest. IIow appropriate for us to make these old, dingy walls echo with sacred song ! Would they might repeat the strain to their cruel owners ! Wc kueel in prayer, while one, appointed by his brethren, leads tha devotions. Well it is for us all thai we can join in an exercise which has so often calmed the troubled heart, sent joy among the disconsolate, inspired the reformer in his noble work, nerved the warrior in his dangerous path, and crowned the dying Christian with victory. Memories of homo come crowding thickly upon the heart, as loved ones are commended to the care of God. Humility is felt as sins and shortcomings are confessed. Hope spreads her wings, and moral vigor is imparted to faith, as precious promises are pleaded. Patriotism kindles brilliant fires upon her altars as dear country becomes the burden of petition. Hearts glow with intense enthusiasm as the fervent prayer to " Our Father " arises for our release from this coafiue- ment, which is becoming so oppressive. The well-known doiology is sung, or tha oft-repeated prayer of childhood, " And eow wc lay us down to sleep," etc., rendered to the tune of Hebion, and the worshipers disperse with "strength renewed" and "joys divinely sweeteued." Darkness now enshrouds the landscape around Libby, and like caged birds we sit by the Wrred windows gi-.zing on the stars that shine in the distance. Under . similar circumstances, undoubtedly, the poet traced upon the walls of a house used for a hospital, during and after the battle of Chantiily, the following touching lines : I nm far from my home to-n^g^t, No cherished friend I see, H k --iV.'wif.M ^*ni'-ik I Fifth New York Cavalry, 369 for us to make |ng ! Would they "ners! Wc kueel Jrethren, leads the ■e can joia in an )ubltd heart, sent i reformer in his agerous path, and y. Memories of art, &s loved ones lility is felt as sim spreads her wings, precious promises ut fires upon her irden of petition. ;he fervent prayer from this confine- ■ the oft-repeated 8 down to sleep," nd the worshipers I "joys divinely I landscape around e Wrred windows distance. Under et tracea upon the ing and after the lines : Though all th9 star- 'n heaven are bright, They are not as /ht to me As once they seeraei n days gone by, Before I learned tt roam, Bespangling all the valley o'er, Above my distant homn. But my Flag and Country bade me go, And I will not repine. In all my wanderings to and fro, Whatever lot be mine, For still, perohanoe, the day may oome. When I no more shall roam. When those who sigh that now I'm gone. Will bid me welcome home. Advertisements. Barber and Hair Dreiser. Adjt. Lombard respectfully informs the inhabitants of Libby, that he has opened a new Tonsorial Shop on Main street, four doors north of Sanderson's eating saloon. Thank- ful foi past favors, he solicits the patronage of the public. Attortuy and Couniellor-at-Lav. Major Rogers would announce to the publio, that he has retired from military life, and resumed the more important business of the bar. He may be found on Egan street, one door south cf Ryan, Lii 'hfield and Go.'s Soap manufactory. All business promptly attended to. Important Appointment. — We are happy to learn that Hon. John Haldeman has been appointed Prosecuting Attor- ney for the Common wealth of Libby. U h 'ill!,.! I m I I Jtiiiij m :'i'i'i' I :5'S!*iSsftiS=**»»»1fest'»- ^-^ '^' *^ r^ ??■ *!- 1 ^ f t^i i^ t 870 IIlSTOBIC ReCOBDB. Recovering.— We are informed that Hon. Judge Willets is rapidly recovering from hia dangorous illness, supposed to have been occafiioned by bathing at a Jate hour at night. He vrill be able to resume hia duties in a few days. A Card. — Dr. Uhler, Physician and Surgeon, after a long and successful practice in the armies of the United States has returned to Libby, and located opposite Mitchell's gym- nasium. Will attend all calls in his profession. The AndefsonVillk Post Office. rrhe followlnu tonchtit '•■ '», descriptlTe of an Incident In the Pen Union prieoncrfi Kt AndenijUTlUe, 0»., are attributed to 0. H. HoIIlster, of Litchfield, Conn. The war has yet eUclted nothing of ladder Inf ereit No blanket round his wasted limbs, Under the rainy sky he slept; While pointing his envenomed ahafts. Around him Death, the archer, crept. He dreamed of hunger, and held out His hnnd to dutch a little bread, That a white angel with a torch. Among the living and the dead, Seemed bearing, smiling as he went; The vision waked him, as he spied The post-boy followed by a crowd Of famished prisoners, who cried For letters — letters from their friends Crawling upon his hands and knees He hears hia own name called, and lo 1 A letter from his wife he sees t Gasping for breath, he shrieked aloud, And, lost in nature's blind eclipse, Faltering amid the suppliant crowd, Caught it and press'd it to his lips. of tht Esq., ■ € ' r L H'— <\.«4^jAj>' .l.V\\.At^ /««>>C):«S"S^ rA\i!^^ """Tl!} I. Judge WilleU less, supposed to hour at night. n days. eon, after a long I United States, Mitchell's gym- ion. FIOK. nt In the Pen of the a. H. nollistsr, Esq., ladder Interett.] Fifth Nkw York Cavai-ky. A guard who followed, red and wroth, And flourishing a rusty braud, Reviled him with a taunting oath, And snatched the letter from his hund. "First pay the postage, whining wretch !" Despair had made the prisoner brave, "Then give me back my money, sir I I am a captive — not a slave I You took my money and my clothes ; Take my life too — bu» lot me know How Mary and the children are. And I will bless you ere I go." The very moonlight through his hands, As he stood supplicating, shone. And his sharp features shaped themselves Into a prayer, and such a tone Of anguish there was in his cry. For wife and children, that the guard — Thinking upon his own— passed by. And left him swooning on the sward. Bpyond the " dead line" fell his head — The eager sentry knew his mark, And with a crash the bullet sped Into hia brain, and all was dark t But wl'.en they turned his livid cheek Up toward the light, the pale lips smiled, Kissing a picture fair and meek, That held in either hand a child. 871 [Reported for .Th» lAbbn Chrcniei*.'\ The Mock Trial. Thursday, August 20, 1863, will long be remetnbered by the denizens of Libby, for the fun and general mirth occa- sioned by the trial, at a mock court, of one of their number. 31 f6 I '*A»«SSiW» :^iSs*Ml;«*!*>*«'i*"'"*«*'""'''*"' ;Sii. '^h'' I !' -I ft' I V ^f '\ ^' If 372 IIisTonic Records. About eleven o'clock the esciting affair was announced by the stentorian voice of the quati sheriff, " Hear ye ! hear ye ! ! hear ye ! ! 1 the honorable court for the county of Libby, and state of Imprisonment, is now open. All ye who have business therein, draw near and ye shall bo heard." A motley crowd at once assembled at the call, and beheld a solemn-faced, grey-headed cavalry captain, who was to play the rok of judge, seated upon a lofty arm-chair, made of a partly broken barrel. His mock dignity, professional air and shrewd humor, frequently convulsed the court and lookers on with laughter, during the proceedings. To the right and left of him were seated on impromptu benches of broken boards, sticks of wood, or on the floor, the district attorney, sheriff, under sheriff, counsels, sergcant-at-arms, clerks, etc. The impaneling of the jury was rendered amusingly diffi- cult to correspond with the other movements. Foreigners, with the longest and worst-sounding names, had been selected for the bench, from the French, Germans and Hungarians, some of whom could scarcely understand a word of English. The foreman, when called up to be sworn, feigned he did not understand the questions of the judge, and responded in French. Every word filled the audience with merriment, and seemed to puzzle the court. At last this barbarian was ruled out, as he did not know the language of the court. Meanwhile a bystander inter- rupted proceedings by vociferating that the fault was not the juryman's but the court's, as they ought to be com- petent to understand him. The judge thereupon ordered the arrest of the offender for contempt of court, and the sergeant-at-arms cleverly executed the order. The next >-*>* " anoouDced by Hear yo ! hear the county of open. All ye shall bo heard." call, and beheld who was to play ibair, made of a professional air the court and edings. To the optu benches of oor, the district ergeant-at-arms, amusingly difE- ts. Foreigners, imes, had been I Germans and Y understand a illed up to be [uestions of the word filled the zzle the court, did not know ystander inter- fault was not ;ht to be com- eupon ordered court, and the r. The next Fifth New York Cavalry. 373 juryman questioned was as deaf as an adder, and tho third was a Dutchman, who carried out the figure most charmingly, and for some time kept the room in an uproar of laughter and applause. At length a jury was duly impaneled, and a grave-looking prisoner was brought to tbo bar, charged with having disturbed the peace of the place, by seeking to enjoy the raptures of a clandestine bath, contrary to tho laws of the people. As the witnc-ises were brought upon tho stand, they were required to raise their left foot or both feet, and to subscribe to the following oath ; " You do pompously swear that you will tear, tatter, transmogrify and torture the truth, the whole truth, and everything but the truth, so help you Jeff. Davis." If the witness was a Quaker, and did not wish to swear, he could affirm under the pains and penalties of being put into the sink. The accused soon became the butt of all the mischievous witticism of the occasion, but conducted himself in a manner becoming the best good nature. The trial was continued for several days with ui;abated interest, in which was dis- played no little amount of juridical knowledge, and con- summate skill and ingenuity in managing a case. The counsel for the defence were indefatigable, and succeeded in presenting the laughable arguments, with no little array of evidence, that the prisoner had not been known even to wash his face, since he had taken his abode in this county, and that he was subject to fearful attacks of hydrophobia. Witnesses were also subpoenaed, who proved a case of aft"6t, by testifying that on the night in question the accused was seen coming out of an ice-cream saloon on Main street, Richmond, with a Confederate lady on his arm. In proof i-: •?■ ..;s^, 874 Historic Kecords. I Tj of thia, tho fragment of a letter, found near the wash tub, was produced, signed " Susan," tho contents of which greatly defamed the marital fidelity of the aged warrior, and revealed some highly ludicrous incidunts of hie amatory experience. Tho respondent listened to all thes; personal jokes with excellent good temper, and none seemed to enjoy more than himself the comical buffoonery of witnesses and lawyers. But notwithstanding the artful pleadings of his counsel, a verdict of «/«% was at last rendered, and he was sentenced by the court to imprisonment for forty-eight hours in the tivk. This severe punishment was afterward commuted to a public promise of good behavior in future, he having entered into a recognizance to treat the judge, jury and counsels, whepever they should get out of Libby, which obligation will undoubtedly be faithfully kept. Clerk. n N i 4' II • Important Letter. Libby Prison, Richmond, Va., August 31, 1863. Hon. James A. Seddon, Secretary of War, Sir : I take the liberty of addressing you on behalf of myself and fellow-prisoners, in relation to our situation. About six hundred of us are confined here, with an average space of about twenty-eight square feet each, which includes our room for cooking, eating, washing, bathing and sleeping. Our rations consist, as nearly as I can judge as to quantity, of about one-fourth pound of poor fresh beef, one-half pound of bread and one-half gill rf rice or black peas, for each man per day. Thi- amount has been found HaTS^^w- '^i' Ai«WM8*i**'<*«5^W'^?!»«'''Q, and thus 8ticks, and other like weapons, sweeping all before them, upsetting evorything t; .in ' : ^? 880 UlBTOBIO KeCOROS. and every body that comes in their ^vay. These raiders are the terror of the more sedate of our community, and their rude, not to say, heathenish practice, resulting in the dis- comfort and hurt of resny, is justly worthy of the severest reprimand. In another room we are drawn to a crowd, who, at inter- vals, shout and laugh aa though frantic with joy. Wo elbow our way through the press to get a sight of the fi:n, when, oh ! shades of the feathery king of the barn yard ! here are fowls without feathers, spurs or crcits, engaged in a " cock-fight." Two individuals hive submitted themselves to the process known as " bucking," and now within a ring, marked with chalk on the floor, hop around, crow and butt each other in a " rooster-like " style, which results in one or the other, and sometimes both tumbling over in a most laughable manner. Each " bird " has his ring of betters, who lend no little amount of excitement to the play. But our evening ramble is quite sufficient, and now weary, " like a quarry slave at night scourged to hia dungeon," we wend our way to our humble pallet, which we welcome, though far from being equally satisfactory to our former lodgings upon the hard, cold ground. We lie down, bnt not to sleep at once, for we have not yet recited- our catechism. How like the days of childhood, though great is the con- trast between the subjects presented. Still it is well here to be reminded of these domestic animals, cat-echism and its mate dog-m&tism. They are species of very ancieut descent. The one has cleared the centuries of the past of their rats and mice of religious folly, and the other has kept at bay infidelity's beasts of prey. The keen eye of the one, and the hoarse, threatening voice of the other, have given evi- rhese raiders are Qunity, and their [ting in tho dis- y of the severest d, vho, at intfr- with joy. Wo sight of the fun, the barn yard! rcits, engaged in aitted themdelres >w within a ring, d, crow and butt results in one or over in a most ring of betters, the play. , and now weary, is dungeon," we eh we welcome, J to oiur former ie down, bni> not [■ our catechism, reat is the con- I it is well here ct-echism and its ancieut descent, ast of their rats las kept at bay >f the one, and have given evi- FiFTH New Yobk Cavalry. 881 dence ot their usefulness. Time honors their labors, and from them history borrows important lessons. It is well that the fire-side and Sunday-school are not the only legiti- mate fields of theii operations. Catechism, at least, has found its way into Libby. We cannot sleep until we have recited, whether the task be pleasant or otherwise. Now the gray-haired sire lifts bis venerable head, and with his ancient, solemn, eepulchral voice, propounds his important q lestions to bis listening, numerous family, who, by tho promptness of their replies, evince a thorough study of the lesson. No subject is allowed to escape. The whole course of Libby experionce is thoroughly canvassed, and wo to the man who has made himself subject of remark. Whatever men hivve on the brain (if they have ani/ brain), whether bread or bones, French or Spanish, exchange or escape, all must be reviewed. Whatever one has done publicly, pri- vately or secretly, by some magic power of the caiechist, is brought to judgment. Such questions as these are asked, " Who hid behind the big gun ? " " Wac bos Star en the brain?" "Who oflFered to enlist in the Kebel army to escape imprisonment?" "Who undertook to wash his clothes in the coffee-kettle ? " etc. The names of the several offenders are thWn out in answer, much to the amusement of the crowd. Thus many sleepless moments are whiled away in the midst of jokes almost too severe to be mirthful, and of facts almost too startling to be true. Gradually the pounding on the floor with fists and feet dies away, the roars of laughter cease, and "Sleep, tired nature's sweet restorer," comes to drive away our oares and to put our sorrows in oblivion. We now wander througa dreamland, where kind friend^-are met, loved ones held m 382 Historic Records. fond embrace ; battles too are fought, and bloody viotoiies won, until tha morn shall hreak again. THRitLiNQ Sketches.* Rotigh and TSitnbU. During Banks' retreat from Winchester, on May 24, 1862, four companies of the Fifth New York Cavalry, under com- mand of Captain Wheeler, were moving on the left flank of the retreating column, to protect it from any attacks from the Rebel cavalry. Emerging from a thick wood, Captain Hammond, who had the advance with four or five men, suddenly came upon a squad of mounted Rebels, and imme- diately called on them to surrender. However, they fled, closely pursued. Captain Hammond succeeded in approach- ing the hindmost, a large, powerful man, and again demanded a surrender. Both had their pistols drawn. Hammond fired, but missed his mark, owing to the fearful gait of his horse down a steep hill.. The Rebel did the same thing. Hammond now found that the cylinder of his pistol would not revolve, and he attempted to deal a blow with it upon his antagonist's head, but, missing his mark again, the wea- pon fell from his hand. Quick work was now necessary. Another spurring of his horse brought him within arm's length of the flying Rebel, whereupon he caught hold of his coat collar with both hands and dragged him backward from his saddle. Holding firmly his grasp, both horses went from under them, and they fell > These details were not received In time to be embodied in their appropriate places in the Reoords. nH > I .««*,*, T-Hu t '-^^'ii'- Fifth New York Cavalry. 888 bloodj Tiotories m May 24, 1862, airy, under com- the left flank of iny attacks from ik wood, Captain inr or five men, ebcls, and imme- wever, they fled, ded in approach- again demanded iwn. Hammond sarful gait of his the same thing, his pistol would low with it upon : again, the wea- : spurring of his ;he flying Rebel, with both hands Holding firmly m, and they fell embodied in their pell-mell to the ground. Luckily Hammond was uppermost, and, seizing his foe by the throat with one hand, he sought with the other to gain possession of his pistol. Now com- menced a fearful struggle for the mastery of the weapon. The Rebel being the heavier, stronger man, the result seemed doubtful. But just at this moment one of company F boys rode up, iind. from his horse, fired at the upturned face of the pros- trate foe, the ball grazing his scalp, and causing him to reiin(|uish his hold of the pistol. Thus ended one of the most exciting, and, withal, amusing contests of the war. Straight and yarrow Way. One dark und stormy night, during the same march men- tioned in the preceding sketch, while rain fell in torrents, and the artillery of heaven as well as that of Maryland Heights, shock the mountains around Harper's Ferry, and the only light which penetrated the darkness was the fitful gleams of lightning, and the flying and bursting shells, which madi; the scene t«rribly grand and frightful, four companies of the regiment led their horses safely across the rail road bridge on a tingle plank, laid upon the iron frame. This was threading the " straight and narrow way" under trying circumstances, and yet the difficult task was accom- plished by those who felt that one of the cardinal virtues, is obedience to orders. Danger and Daring. In October, 1863, while the Fifth was picketing Thorough- fare and Hopewell gaps, Lieut. T. A. Boice, while scouting with his orderly a short distance from camp, was captured "2 r*. U- 884 HiBTORio Records. 'U^ by a dozen Rebel guerrilla, dressed in Federal uniforms. Boice, aa usual, waa thoroughly armed, with two revolvers in his saddle-bow, one in his bolt, and oae in each boot-leg. In their ha8t« to leave what his captors deemed to be a dangerous proximity to the Yankee camp, they did not disarm him, but fled in a by-way, where they were compelled to go by twos, Boice being lucki'y in the rear with a Rebel guard at his left. Having called the attention of his careless keeror from himself, with his characteristic dexterity he drew ti.? pistn 1 from his right boot-log, and the next moment the doomed Rebel waa tumbling from his horse, a dying man. In quick succession shot aft.er shot was discharged at the frightened cavaliers, who, supposing that they had fallen in an ambush, fled at a break-neok speed. Boice's orderly, who was just before him in the column, on discovering the game, wheeled his horse and fled in the direction of the camp j but Boic6 himself, forgetful of all danger, and intent only on punishing the enemy, remained in the road, firing with both hands at the deceived and flying foe, until at length they discovered who waa the cause of their casualties and fright, and, turning upon him with exasperation, they swooped down like eagles after tbeir prey. It waa now uo time for re&iatance. Mounted upon such a charger aa only Boice would ride, he wheeled, and, like a bird, flew in hia race for life. He waa closely pursued for several miles, receiving three bloody wounds through the body above the waist, also one in the hand and another through the thumb, but he waa confident of having killed one and of wounding at leact three of his captora and pur- aaers, and finally escaped. His faithful horse received one alight wound. He came into camp faint, and bathed with ''Ml.. '^^•■^fe. tv«t^* ;^r^« 'i'- / j/>|S* ^-"a Fifth New York Cavalry. 885 oderal uniforms. ih two revolvers n each boot-leg. deemed to be a p, thej did not f were compelled ar with a Rebel }D of his careless tie dexterity he the next moment I horse, a dying as discharged at b they had fallen 1 in the column, and fled in the forgetful of all inemy, remained e deceived and 10 was the cause upon him with after tbeir prey, ed upon such a iled, and, like a iely pursued for ds through the id and another f having killed »ptors and pur- •se received one ind bathed with his own blood. Being temperate in hia habits, and poBseBS- ing an iron constitution, with a vivacious mind, in the short space of three months he was well and again on duty, Testimonial of an Enemy. In Blachcood'M Magazine for Febru"ry, 1&66, wo find the following scrap of history, in a series of articles entitled " Memoirs of the Confederate War for Independence, by 'Horos Von Borcke, chief of staff to Gen. J. E. B. Stuart. "Reconnoissance in force, and fight near Emmettsville, Va., Nov. 10, 1863. " About ten o'clock our advance guard came up with the enemy, with whom we were soon hotly engaged, the Yankees falling back slowly before ub. I could not help admiring on this occasion the excellent behaviour of a squadron of the Fifth New York Cavalry, who received with the greatest coolness the heavy fire of our battery, maintaining perfect order while shell after shell exploded in their ranks, and saddle after saddle was emptied, quietly filling the gaps in their lines, and finally only giving way when wo charged thorn with several squadrons." I ^ M