,%- IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) /. /^ i/.. 1.0 I.I 1.25 ■ 50 '""^™ 1.4 20 1.6 i V] 7. c^^ r //a Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872-4503 ^•^ \ \\ ^( meaning "CON* TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever appiiaa. Un dea symboias suivants apparaltra sur la darniAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: ie symbols — *> signifle "A S'JIVRE", le symbols V signifle "FIN". Mapa. plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratioa. Thoae too large to be entirely Included In one exposure are filmed beginning In the upper left hend corner, left to right and top to bottom, aa many framea aa required. The following diagrams Illustrate the method: Lea cartea, pianchea, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre fllmte A dee taux de reduction diff Arents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seui cllchA, II est film* A partir da I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche i droite, et de haut en bas, an pranant la numbre d'imagas nAceasaira. Las diagrammas suivants lliustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 I^HIB ' a ¥ ' k I? ^S ■ * I iii< i i ■i iy^ i' I * ' !"" M ' | l f (i M f mHnmt$i)tmjitmmm^^mmmmtmtif» DIRECTIONS TO MEMBERS 07 1^ CI JISS OF ANATOMY t€iU WQ^tmi^ NO CCrMPAHY 1890 ppi,yig'"j»"i / ' *>■»" fi i Un i u ii Hun i i i i i mmDi l nm |l I ' ii'H I' "* '.t-*K-. Jn**J r& fA'"- FACULTY OF MEDICINE. McGILL UNIVERSITY. WINTER SESSION. The instruction in Anatomy will consist of — I. A Course of Lectures on Systematic Anatomy. II. Special Demonstrations on Regional and Topogra- phical Anatomy. III. Dissections and Dissecting-room Demonstrations. SUMMER SESSION. During the first six weeks of the Summer Season a Course of Dissections will be given. TEXT BOOKS. For Systematic Anatomy, any of the following: — Quain's Anatomy. Gray's Anatomy. Macalister's Anatomy. For Practical Anatomy and Dissecting-room "Work. Ellis's Demonstrations of Anatomy. Heath's Practical Anatomy. Cunningham's Practical Anatomy. J Osteology, Embryology, WORKS OF REFERENCE. ( Holden's Osteology. \ Humjihiy on the Skeleton. r Foster and Balfour's Elements of Em- . J bryology. (. Balfour's Comparative Embryology. . , . ,^ . r Power on the Arteries. (Third Edition, Arterial System, j ^^ ^^^^ ^Ymmm Thomson.) It is necessary for the Student to have a Text-book of Systematic Anatomy, and a Text-book of Practical Ana- tomy. Any of the other works he can consult in the Library. ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE PRACTICAL STUDY OF OSTEOLOGY. The Skeleton may be studied practically in the Bone- room, where the Student will find typical sjDecimens of the bones mounted on blocks. He can obtain from one of the Demonstrators any bone or bonos he may wish to study, by giving a receipt. These bones must not be removed from the Anatomical Department on any pretence what- ever ; the Student may, however, keep the bones in his box for a period not exceeding one week, but at the end of that time he should return the bones and claim his receipt. The advantage of combining the study of the bones with the investigation of the soft parts is strongly urged on the Stu- dent — in fact, no dissection should be carried on without having the appropriate bones at hand for reference and comparison : for example, the Dissector of the axilla should be provided with a clavicle, a scapula, and a humerus, and should constantly refer to these bones during his dissection. Every student is advised to purchase a set of bones for his own private use. PREPARATIONS OF THE SOFT PARTS. In addition to the permanently mounted Dissections and frozen Sections, which may be studied in the Demonstra- tion room, a number of specially dissected parts are avail- able for members of the Class who may be waiting for Sub- jects or preparing for Examinations. iBone- )f the lofthe itudy, lOved Iw^hat- lis box that The th the HINTS TO STUDENTS EMPLOYED IN DISSECTION J. — Entry of Names tor Parts. (1). As parts are allotted as far as possible in the order of entry, Students are urged to enter their names in the Dissecting book as early in the session as possible. (2). No Student can have his name entered for more than one part at a time. (3). Before a Student can obtain a part he must report himself as ready to begin it. II. — Preservation of Parts. Each Student should provide himself with a bottle of Methylated Spirit, with pure Carbolic Acid added to it in the proportion of 1 to 15. As soon as the part is allotted, it should be carefully covered by a bandage or a piece of cotton cloth soaked in this mixture. An oil-cloth wrapper should then be applied. The integument should, in all cases, be retained, and after each day's work replaced, and held in position by a stitch. Between the Integument and the Dissection beneath, a piece of cloth soaked in the Pre- servative Fluid should be placed. By attending to these suggestions, the Student will add very materially to his comfort in Dissecting. As soon as the brain is removed from a Subject it should be handed to one of the Demonstrators, who will, if the brain is in good condition, preserve it for future use. The Spirit and Carbolic Mixture for the preservation of parts can be had from Mr. Cook at the rate of per quart. This mixture (the strength of the spirit being 60 over proof) is too strong for ordinary use, and should therefore be diluted with one-third of water, except when used for the purpose of redeeming a bad subject. III. — Regularity of Work. Students are especially requested to work steadily and without the intermission of a single day, so long as the Limbs are attached to the Trunk. During this period each student is, as it were, the member of a society, and he cannot stop his own work without interfering with that of his fellow-Dissectors. Thus, when the Subject is lying on its Face, the Dissec- tors of the Upper Limbs must complete their share of the Dissection of the back in two days, so as to allow the Dis- sectors of the Head and Neck to finish what remains of the Back before the Body is lurned. On the other hand, the Dissectors of the Lower Limbs will find that it will take all the time at their disposal to dissect the Gluteal Eegion, the Popliteal Space, and the back of the Thigh before the Sub- ject is turned. When the Subject is placed on its back, the Dissectors of the Head and Neck must finish the Dissection of the Pos- terior Triangles, and the Dissectors of the Upper Limbs must complete the Dissection of the Axillary Spaces in four days, so that they may begin work on the Thorax. ly. Each Student will be provided with a Dissecting-room card on which are spaces for the initials of the Demonstra- tors, given after a satisfactory examination on the Student's own part. Every Student must pass three satisfactory examinations on each part dissected ; at the close of the session the card should be handed to the Professor of Anatomy. No sche- dule will be signed by the Professor of Anatomy unless the Student's card is properly initialed by one of the Demon- strators. 6 V. — Changes in the Position of the Subject. Each Subject is numbered, and the dates upon which its position is^to be changed are posted on the Notice-board. Students are not allowed to change the position of a Sub- ject on their own responsibility. Each male Subject, on being brought into the Dissecting- room, will be^placed on its back for a short time before it is tied up in the lithotomy position, in order that the Student may practise passing the staff. The Dissectors of the Abdomen are requested to attend, for this purpose, before eleven o'clock. yi. — InSTRUxMENTS. The Dissecting-case employed by Students should be fur- nished with the following instruments : — (1). Four to six Scalpels ; very large or very small Scal- pels are to be avoided. The shape^ also, is important. Scalpels in which the point is on a line with the back, or which do not tape.' sufficiently towards the point, are a great obstacle to good work. (2). A good-sized pair of Dissecting Forceps. In select- ing these, care must be taken to choose a pair in which the spring is not too weak. The Student should also be careful to see that the teeth of the Forceps interlock accurately for their whole length, without applying so much force as to fatigue the hand while dissecting. (3). A pair of strong Hooks, fastened one at either end of a stout chain. (4). A pair of sharp-pointed Scissors. (5). A Blow-pipe. (6). A needle. / COMPILED FOR THE USE OF STUDENTS ATTEXDING THE PRACTICAL ANATOMY CLASS OF THE petlical litrulta of mm\l mivmiUj. DISSECTION OF UPPER LIMB. Body on Face for ^ Days. 1st I>ay. Superficial Fascia and Cutaneous Nerves of Back. 3u€l nay. Trapezius. Latissimus Dorsi. Eeflect Trapezius in conjunction with dissectors of Head and Neck Nerve supply to Trapezius, Transversalis Colli Artery and Branches. Bhomboids and nerve-supply. Levator Anguli Scapulse and Omo-Hyoid. Supra-Scapular Artery and Ner\'e. Eeflect Latissimus dorsi and Rhom Doids. '^ Follow Posterior Scapular Artery to its termination. K : I 8 3rd day and 4tli Day. Dissector of Arm nothing further to do. Body on Back. 1st Hay. Surface Marking. Superficial Fiscia and Cutaneous Nerves over Pectoralis Major. Pectoralis Major. 3nd, 3rd, and 4tli I>ayN. Dissection of Axilla. Remove middle third of Clavicle, and, in conjunction with the Dissectors of Head and Neck, examine Brachial Plexus. Just before removing arm, Serratus Magnus. Arm Separate. SCAPULAR REGION. Define the exact attachments of Trapezius, R.iomboids, Serratus Magnus, Levator Anguli Scapvilse, and Omo-Hyoid, with arteries and nerves seen on 2nd day (body on face) ; also of Pectoralis Minor. Superficial Fascia and Cutaneous Nerves over Deltoid. Deltoid (clean and reflect). Circumflex Arteries and Nerve. Supra and Infra-Spinatus, Teres Major and Minor, Sub- capularis. Scapular Arteries and Nerves. FRONT OF ARM. Triangle in front of Elbow-Joint. Incisions similar to those recommended for Popliteal Space. li 9 Cutaneous Structures to below Elbow. Superficial Veins. Nerves— Internal and Lesser Internal Cutaneous,Brancli from musculoHspiral, and Intercosto-Humeral. External Cutaneous of Musculo-Spiral, and Musculo- cutaneous. Expose, clean, but leave in situ, Biceps, Coraco-Brachialis, Brachialis Anticus. Brachial iirtery and Branches. Median and Ulnar Nerves. Musculo-Cutaneous Nerve. BACK OF ABM. Triceps. Musculo-Spiral Nerve, and Superior Profunda Artery. LIGAMENTS. Between Clavicle and Scapula. On Scapula and Shoulder-Joint. FOBEABM. Reflect skin from front of Forearm as low as Wrist, and from back of Forearm and Hand. Superficial Veins. Nerves— Continuation of Internal Cutaneous, Musculo- cutaneous and Cutaneous of Musculo -Spiral. Badial Nerve, Dorsal Branch of Ulnar, Palmar of Median and Ulnar. FBONT OP FOBEABM. Deep Fascia of Forearm. Superficial muscles of front of Forearm, Supinator Longus. Pronator Teres, Flexor Carpi Badialis, Palmaris Longus, Flexor Carpi Ulnaris. 10 t Radial Artery. Plexor Sublimis Digltorum. Ulnar Artery. Ulnar, Median, and Radial Nerves. Deep Muscles of Forearm. Plexor Profundus Digitorum, Plexor Longus FoUicis, Pronator Quadratus. Anterior Interosseous Artery and Nerve. PALM OP HAND. Surface Markings. Superficial Pasc la and Nerves, Palmaris Brevis Muscle. DeepPascla and Sheath of Plexor Tendons. Superficial Palmar Arch. Palmar parts of Median and Ulnar Nerves. Divide annular ligament and flexor sheath. Plexor Tendons and Lumbrical Muscles. Short Muscles of Thumb. Short Muscles of Little Pinger. Deep Branch of Ulnar Nerve. Deep Palmar Arch. Transverse Metacarpal Ligament and Interroseous Muscles. Anterior Annular Ligament. Insertion of Plexor Carpi Radialis. BACK OP POREARM AND HAND. Surface Marking. Reflect skin from back of flngers. Superficial Veins. Cutaneous Nerves. Deep Pascia of back of forearm and hand, and position of Posterior Annular Ligament. Superficial Layer of Muscles. 11 ollicis. iuscle. Extensores Carpi Radiales, Longior et Brevior. Extensor Communis Digitorum, and Extensor Carpi Ulnarit. Anconeus. Deep Layar of Muscles. Supinator Brevis. Extensors of Metacarpal and Phalangeal Bones of Thumb and of Index Fingers. Posterior Interosseous Artery and Nerve. Badial Artery at Back of Wrist. Compartments of Posterior Annular Ligament and Dor- sal Interosseous Muscles. General Revision of limb now dissected. ('ut away trunks of vessels and nerves, and in removing muscles define origins and insertions more exactly. Ligament of Elbow, Wrist, and Hand. seous DISSECTION OF LOWER LIMB, Body on Face for 4 Days. 1st 1>ay. GLUTEAL REGION. External Anatomy. Cutaneous Nerves. Deep Fascia. Gluteus Maximus and Medius. Reflection of Gluteus Maximus. Slid I>ayy Gluteal Vessels and Nerve. Pyriformis. 12 Sciatic and Pudic Vessels. Sciatic and Pudic Nerves. Obturator Interuus and Gtomelli. Quadratus Femoris. Internal Circumflex Artery. Obturatur Externus. 3rd l>ay. POPLITEAL SPACE. External Anatomy. Cutaneous Structures and Deep Fascia. Definition of Space and Main Contents. 4tli l>a.y. BACK OF THE THIGH. Cutaneous Nerves and Fapcia Lata. Muscles— Biceps, Sem tendinosus, and Semimembra- nosus. Great and Small Sciatic Nerves. Adductor Magnus. Perforating Arteries. Gluteus Minimus. Beflectcd Tendon of Bectus. Body on Back. FBONT OF THE THIGH. External Anatomy. Cutaneous Structures — Fascia) Vessels, and Glands. Nerves— Tlio-inguinal, Crural Branch of Genito-Cru- ral, External, Middle, and Internal Cutaneous. The Anatomy of Femoral Hernia. Dissection of Scarpa's Triangle. 13 Femoral Vessels. Anterior Crural Nerve (larger trunks of). Hunter's Canal and Contents. Muscles in relation to Scarpa's I'riangle— Sartorius. Adductor Longus. Pectineus. Psoas and Iliacus. Gracilis. Tensor Fascise Femoris. )eep Dissection of Front of Thigh. Anterior Crural Nerve, branches as above. Reflect Adductor Longus. Profunda and its Branches. Obturator Nerve. Adductor Brevis. Obturator Artery. Obturator Externus. Adductor Magnus (origin). Rectus Muscle (origin). Capsule of Hip-Joint. Vasti and Crureus. Separate Limb from Trunk by disarticulating at hip-joint. Define Attachments of Muscles to Trochanters, and of Adductors. Complete Dis^jection of Thigh — Trace out the Branches of Artery and Nerve above mentioned. FRONT OF THE LEG AND FOOT. External Anatomy. Cutaneous Structures — Nerves— Musculo-Cutaneous, Anterior Tibial, Inter- nal and External Saphenous, and External Popliteal. u Veins— Dorsal Arch, External and Internal Saphe- nous veins. Deep Fascia and Annular Iiigaments. Muscles— Tibials Antious, ErKtensor Proprius Hallucis» Extensor Digitorum and Peroneus Tertius, Exten- sor Brevis Digitorum. Anterior Tibial and Dorsalis Pedis Vessels. Anterior Tibial Nerve. OUTSIDE OP THE LEG. Muscles— Peroneus Longus and Brevis. Termination of External Popliteal Nerve. INSIDE OP LEG. Insertion of Sartorius, Gracilis, and Senaitendinosus Muscles. BACK OP THE LEG. External Anatomy. Cutaneous Vessels and Nerves. Superficial Muscles, Gastrocnemius, Plantaris, and Soleus. Kevise Popliteal Vessels. Deeper Structures — Popliteus. Plexor Longus Hallucis, Plexor Longus Digitorum, and Tibialis posticus. Posterior Tibial Vessels and Nerve. Internal Annular Ligament and Arrangement of Tendons. SOLE OP THE POOT. Superficial Fascia and Nerves. Plantar Fascia. First Layer of Muscles, Abductor Hallucis, Flexor Brevis h 15 Digitorum, Abductor Minimi Digiti. Plantar Vessels and Nerves Second Layer of Muscles, Flexores Longus Digitorum, and Longus Hallucis, Accessorius and Lumbricales. Third Layer of Muscles, Plexor Brevis and Adductor Hal- lucis Transversalis Pedis, and Flex. Brevis Min. Digit. Plantar Arch and External Plantar Nerve (termination). Fourth Layer of Muscles— Interossei. Insertions of Tibialus Posticus and Peroneus Longus. Excise base of First Metatarsal Bone, and study continuity of Plantar Arch. Anastamoses round the Knee. Ligaments of Knee, Ankle, and Foot. DISSECTION OF THORAX. THOEACIC WALL. Intercostal Muscles. Intercostal Nerves and Vessels. Triangularis Sterni and Internal Mammal Artery. Dissect the Pleura from without. Open Thorax.— (Ask for assistance.) THORACIC CAVITY. Pleurae. Mediastinal Spaces. Follow out Branches of Internal Mammary Artery on Sternum. Form and Position of Lungs. Phrenic Nerves. Pulmonary Plexuses. Hoots of the Lungs. 16 Pericardium. Nerves crossing Arch of Aorta, and SuperHcial Cardiao Plexus. Heart, form and position. Coronary Vessels. Cavities of Heart. Great Vessels.— Pulmonary Artery and Aorta, Pul- monary Veins. Vagus Nerve and Deep Cardiao Plexus. Trachea and Lungs. Posterior Mediastinum. « Descending Aorta. CBsophagus. Thoracic Duct. Vense Azygos. Cord of Sympathetic. Intercostal Nerves and Arteries. Upper Surface of Diaphragm. Ligaments of Trunk. DISSECTION OF ABDOMEN. Body in Lithotomy Position for 2 Days. Dissection of Perineum. Body on Face for 1 Days. DORSAL REGION. Muscles of Back. Nerves and Vessels of Back. It Body on Back. ABDOMINAL WALL. External Anatomy and Regions. Superficial Fascia of Groin. Cutaneous Nerves. Superficial Vessels and Glands. Superficial Dissection of Penis and Scrotum. Muscles of Abdominal Wall. Nerves in Abdominal Wall. Arteries in Abdominal Wall. Fascia Transversal is and Peritoneum. Inguinal Canal. Inguinal Hernia. Spsrmatic Cord. Testis. (The Testis and Spermatic Cord can be most profit- ably dissected under water in the cork-lined tray provided provided for the purpose.) ABDOMINAL CAVITY. Open Abdominal Cavity, Cords. Position and Relations of Viscera. Peritoneum. Mesenteric Vessels. Sympathetic Plexus. Position of Pancreas and Duodenum. Remove and Examine Jejunum and Ileum. Inflate Large Intestine with the bellows ; re-examine its peritoneal relations ; then remove. Ileo-colic Valve. Inflate Stomach and Duodenum, and proceed to dissect Coeliac Axis and Vena Portse. Bile and Pancreatic Ducts. 2 18 '!! Hi II Eemove and Examine Stomach, Duodenum, Pancreas and Spleen. Solar Plexus. Kemove and Study Liver. Abdominal Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava. Kidney and Supra-Henal Capsules. Diaphragm. Psoas, Iliacus, and Quadratus Muscles. Beceptaculum Chyli and Abdominal Lymphatics. Lumbar Plexus. Sympathetic Cord. Lumbar Arteries and Azygos Veins. Separate Pelvis along with last Lumbar Vertebra. Pelvic Viscera, Peritoneal Folds. Dissection to Expose Pelvic Fascia. Pelvic Fascia, Levator Ani, and Coccygeus. Pelvic Vessels. Pelvic Nerves. ^ Male Viscera. Female Viscera. Beotum. Obturator Internus and Pyriformis. Ligaments of Pelvis. I k); ! 19 DISSECTION OF HEAD AND NECK. Body on Back for 2 Days. {During Dissection of Perineum.) Ist ]>ay. SCALP. Muscles of Pinna. Oocipito-Frontalis. Nerves. 2nd Bay. Vessels. Eemoval and Preservation of Brain. Dura Mater and Cranial Sinusus (with the exception of the Cavernous and Circular), and Exit of Cranial Nerves. (Do not expose the Gasserian Ganglion.) Body on face for 4 Days. 1st Day. BACK OF NECK. Surface Marking. Nerves.— Small Occipital, Great Auricular. Great Oc- cipital, Third Occipital, and Branches of Cervical Nerves. Cervical Fascia. and Day. Posterior Triangle (Upper Part) Boundaries and Floor. Spinal Accessory Nerve. Glandulae Concatenatse. 20 Trapezius (clean and reflect in conjunction with Dissectors of Arm). Nerves to Rhomboids and Levator Anguli Soapulee. Superficial Cervical, and Posterior Scapular Arteries. Levator Anguli Scapulse. Serratus Posticus Superior. Splenius Capitis and Colli. 3rd Day. Complexus. Deep Cervical and Occipital Arteries, and Cervical Nerves. Suboccipital Triangle. Body on its Back. NECK. External Anatomy. SIDE OF NECK. Superficial Structures, Platysma Myoides, External Jugular Vein, Descending Cervical Nerves. Cervical Fascia. Posterior Triangle. Stern o-Mastoid Muscle. Omo-Hyoid (posterior belly). Transverse Cervical and Supra-Scapular Arteries. Subclavian Artery (third part). Brachial Plexus. (This Plexus should be dissected in con- junction with the dissector of tL? Upper Limb.) Cervical Plexus. 21 FBONT OF NECK. ^ Superficial Structures, Platysma Myoides, Transverse Cervical and Facial Nerves, Anterior Jugular Vein. Cervical Fascia. Anterior Triangle. Descendens :N^oni Nerve. Muscles Dei^i nsing Hyoid Bone. Submaxillary and Parotid Glands, and Thyroid Body. SIDE OF NECK. Common Carotid Artery. Internal Jugular Vein. Eelations of Sterno -Mastoid Muscle. Hypoglossal Nerve. Digastric and Stylohyoid Muscles. External Carotid Artery. Sympathetic Nerve. Scaleni. Subclavian Artery (1st and 2nd parts). Dissection of the Face. Pterygo-Maxillary Begiou. Submaxillary Region. Cavernous Sinus and Orbit. Kemove Mastoid Process. Deep Vessels and Nerves of Neck. Prevertebral Muscles and Vertebral Artery. Ligaments of Cervical Vertebrae. Dissection of Pharynx and Soft Palate. Dissection of Tongue and Larynx. Superior Maxillary Nerve. Cavity of the Nose. Middle and Internal Ear. MiDicAL Faculty, McGill Univkesity, July, 1890.