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Les diagrammes suivants illustrant la mAthoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ^m assengors going frciii Canada to the United States, he has omitted to give you the number of thoso passing from the States into Canada. One reason why Canada has not retained the whole num- ber of immigrants landed on her shores, is that they find greator attractions in the treeless prairies of the Western States, than in the heavily timbered lands of Canada. This, Sir. has ever been a ser- ious drawback to her. But now the case is diflferent. Havirg acquired the vast territories of the great North- West, she will open them to settlement, and then she will have inducements to offer such as cannot be boasted of by any other country in the world. Open these millions of acres to the settler, and you will see such a rush of immigration — not only from the the older countries of Europe — but from the United' States, as will astonish the world, and stand unparalled in the history of immigration. Canada's hardy sons who have left their homes for the Western States — allured by the advantages of prairie over wooded lands — will join in swelling the numbers, and once more plant their feet on British soil, The difficulties of defence have been spoken of as a formidable obstacle. Sir, sne never regarded them in any such light, has no fears in that direction. She relics on the thorough good understanding that has existed between herself and the United States for so long a period, as a guarantee for the fut-jre. Their interests are so identical that they cannotafibrd to quarrel. The troubles between them heretofore, have been on England's account, and not ^Canada's, as witness the Trent affair, and the more recent Fenian invasion, which was rather a stab at England than an attack on Canada. During the recent fratiBcidal war in the United States, Canada had a difficult part to play in maintaining strict neutrality, yet she came out unscathed. It must be remembered, also, that Canada possesses in her canal system, a powerful lever — a guarantee for peace — vastly more potent than fortifica- tions. The great bulk of the produce of the Western States finds its way to the ocean through Canadian channels, which could be closed at any moment. As to that " other .issue," (I will not use the word that has been so freely used out- side) I have no fears for Canada or jthis Colony either. It used to be fashionable here, in early days, to associate the name of Canada with rebellion. It was the re- sult of prejudice and ignorance, and was a great mistake. I recently read. Sir, an account of a meeting held in one of our princijml Can- adian cities, on the occasion of a SabbatH school convention. An American gentle- man was engaged in addressing the House, filled to its utmost capacity. In the course of his remarks, having occasion to refer to Her MoEt Gracious Majesty the Queen, he added: — "American though I am, I can with all my heart say, ' God bless the Queen. ' " Immediately, Sir, without any preconcerted action, the entire audience of men, women and children rose to their feet and sung the National Anthem. That gentleman said, that such a spontaneous, hearty and unanimous outburst of loyalty was probably never heard before. Such, Sir, is the kind of loyalty we are taught in Canada, such is the kind that is (6) being taught to the rifling generation of the new Dominion to-day; and I leave it to you as to whether there is room for that " other issue " or not. Before concluding, Sir, I would wish to remark with reference to the charge made by the Hon. Member for Victoria District against the Hon. Attorney-General, tliat his conversion to Confederation was lute. I know that it is impossible to moke some Hon. Members believe anything good of officials, whether in respect of Oonfedei'- ation or anything else. But I simply de- sire to relate this fact. / I had occasion to go into the Hon. Attomey-Obneral's office in 1867, and he then showed me a letter, written by him- self, in favor of Confederation; and after perusing that letter I felt convinced that when, in his estimation, tho proper time arrived, the cause would have a warm and sincere advocate in the Attorney-General. I mention this to show that tlie Hon. member for Victoria District has no right to arrogate to himself that he was the only man who was f vr-seeing. enough to recog- nise the advant vges of Confederation three years ago, and as a reproof to him for find- ing fault with the position taken by Hon. Official Members on this question now. To sum up, Sir, I say tliat amongst the Statesmen of Canada, we may safely look for jmen fully competent to control the affiiirs of a young nation. They are men of as much ambition and grasp of thought as are the rulers in the adjoining States; and, depend upon it, nothing will be left undone to advance the prosperity and well- being of every portion of their vast Domin- ion. We may safely repose full confidence in them. England has done so, or she would never have committed the well- being of four millions of her subjects to their care. They can steer the good ship "Domin- ion' ' and hold her on her way. She will re - ceive many a shock, "but 'twill be of the waves, and not the rock." • m Lbtthr on thk Oaknarvon Terms and THH TERMS OP UnION : Victoria, Feb. 1st, 1875. Editor Colonist: — The past week has disclosed the fact that the people of Brit- ish Columbia, particularly the Mainland portion, have been wilfully and malicious- ly sold! The Terms of Union, as they came from the hands of Lord Carnarvoit, have been in the iK>Be38ion of the Local Government for six weeks past. Of this we have now abundant evidence ; first ^rom the Standard'n crowing article, re- joicing over our discomfiture. Next in Mr. DeCosmos' speech, lefore leaving, in which he said tnat the Mainland would "GET THE WAGON ROAD." And, again, in the fact that Carnarvon's dis- patch was shown to a select few weeks ago by members of the Local Government. It now turns out from the publication of tho dispatch in The Colonist that the most es^iential term to the people of the in- terior of the Mainland has been passed over entirely ; namely tliat of commencing Railway construction in the interior im- mediately on the adoption of tho line. Mr. Edgar, in his letter to tho Govern- ment, says, " I have the honor to inform you that I have been instructed by the Premier of Canada to make you aware of the views ot his Administration on the subject of construction of the Can^idiaii Pacific Railway." And, then as a part of their views, he gays: "It is believed that the mere commeuconient to build a rail- way at the seaboard aa 8ti]>ulated fisr in the existing terms would give but little satisfaction to the producers living upon the east side of the Cascade Mountains. * * * Therefore they would endeavor so to arrange the expenditure that the legitimate advantages derivable from it (the construction of the railway) would as much as possible fall mto the hands of our own producers. In addition to con- struction of a road (wagon) tuld bo allowed without a direct appeal to the people for their coDHont. ***** Early in September irnarvon makes Walkem acquainted with.the fact that he (Carnarvon) had arrived at a decision as to what Wiis fair and right between British C^dumbia and the Dominion, and Walkem pleads tliat the declaration of this decision be withheld from the public until he (Walkem) had time to place his views on paper — a job on which he appears to have spent a great deal of time, for this precious piece of special pleading was ^not forth- coming until November 10th. And there- in I fail to find one single word urging his Lordship to do right and justly by the farmers of the interior. He makes no attempt to show that not to begin work to the east of the Cascade Rrange is ruin to men who have been hanging on year after year in the hoi)e that railway construction would help tiiem out. OL! no; not a word of that durmg the long two months he takes to prepare his long-winded paper — a job he only undertakes after Carnar- von's decision is made known to him — his constituents and the constituents of his princi^tal supporters east of tlie Cascades are entirely forg(jtten. Not a protest not a word in their behalf; and being iruilty of this piece of un|>arulleled perfidy, le instructs his organ, the Utandard, tu twit us and crow over us in the following unblushiiig maimer, which it did in iti issue of January 18th, in these words: — " If IT SHOULD HAPPEN THAT OUB MAIN- LAND FRIENDS AUB LEFT OUT IN THE COLD IN TUB MATTEU OF TUB RAILWAY FOK SOME YEARS TO COME, THBY HAVE ONLY THEM- SELVES TO BLAME." * * * * " Wb SHALL SEE HOW THEY LIKE THE ARRANQEMBNT." But why all this reticence on the part of Walkem, so highly eulogised by the On- position press of Canada and by the speak- ers at the dinner of Lawdsand Jukes in Lon- don ? Why this reticence on the part of the Local Government, who have had this dispatch of Carnarvon's and Walkem's beautiful specimen of special pleading written after the decision for the purpose of pulling the wool over our eyes/ Why are all these kept back until our members, Mr. Tlxompson, Mr. Dewdney and Mr. Cunningham have taken their departure in total ignorance of the manner in whicli the interests of their constituents have been sacrificed { Why are all these kept back from the people on the near approach of the meeting of the Legislature ? There is but answer to all these questions, and that is to prevent the people from discus- sing the Terms as far as possible ; prevent them from instructing their members to the Local Assembly, so that they may continue blindly to support the men who have been reticent to their trust — who have bound us hand and foot. It only remains for us now to watch the gentlemen who have all along supported Mr. Walkem and Mr. Armstrong, and watch well to see what excuses they will find for continuing t. cast their votes in favor of a blunder- ing Ministry who have sold us like sheep. Trans-Cascade. The "Tetr Jaunb Cache" Letter, WHICH WAS PUBLISHED IN THB GloBB OF Fbb. 3bd, 1876. To THE Editor of the Globe : Sir, — The present may not be an ino^ortune moment, seeing tliat the offer of ^50,000 to British Columbia has once more re- (8) opened the question of the Pacific Rail- way scheme, to jpve your roadero iv few additional facts with regard to the British Columbia section of that railway. Being an entirely disinterested i>arty one way or the other, and having a good many years personal experience on the Pacific Coast, particularly in the section that th.e pro- jected line will traverse, I merely wish to throw what light I possess for guidance of the Canadian people in any future action they may take with regard to this railway. Duriiw the coming sessions oi the dif- ferent Parliaments, it mav naturally be expected that some decided action will be taken either in commencing the building of the )me from the seaboard « of British Columbia, or in abandoning the enterprise altogether. The present, no doubt very pretty, fencing attitude of thrust and par- ry between the two Governments, if con- tinued much longer, can ot but throw the whole question into inex icable confusion, and bring discredit upon all parties inter- ested. Unfortunately for the parties at issue in this cose, very strong arguments can be adduced in support of the position taken on either side, and their interests seem to be directly antagonistic. We will first of all examine the stand taken by British Columbia, and the posi- tion they assume. That Colony, in its short but stormy career, has probably seen more ups and downs than any other set- tlement of the British race planted in any part of the globe. Brought into existence under the blighting influence of the Hud- son's Bay Company in 1858, its best lands and other resources already appropriated in the hungry maw of that voracious cor- morant, by a few sturdy efforts it shook off that incubus, and commenced an erratic career as a Crown Colony in Lord Lyt- ton's time,«with a host of hungry officials from Downing-street, proud, insolent, and lazy, its whole administrative department not being in accord with the spirit and genius of a new country. Its gold discov- eries gave it a temponiiT impetus, but its mines speedily declined, and it is strong- ly believed to-day, that with the exception of Cariboo, more money was lost than made in the different mining camps, such as Big Bend, Kootenay, Peace River, Leech River, &o. , &c. To-day the whole of its sTmual explorts of gold do not exceed the monthly dividend of one California mining company. Such was the rapid de- cline tliat, prior to the date of Coniedora- tion, the whole country was virtually bankrupt. But lo! here was a chance of escape from the national decay and desti- tution. The idea of the fusion of the different scattered Provinces of the Brit- ish Empire was then in full swing, and a few sharp Columbians saw at once a chance of working upon Canada's desire of gaining a foothold on the Pacific to their own profit and aggrandizement of themselves and friends. Canada is not the first country that has been allured i^. its destruction by the magic char" of the golden Pacific, with its soft ...owing zephyrs, its inexhaustible treasures of gold and silver, of roseate visions of boundless trade with mythical Cathay and the Isles of the East, with bonds of iron connecting Oaspe and Fuca, transporting untold wealth in silks and spices, indigo and tea, and gold and silver bars across tlie wide continent to the marts of Eu- rope. It is most undoubted that some such mythical idnas as those miist have overpowered the sapient statesmen who concocted that hornets' nest, the tbrmh. We may condone their folly and ex- cuse their ignorance and stupidity ; but in what light will the Columbian delegates appear as a party to Shylock's bond ? They must have known, couldn't help knowing, that in ten years time Columbia didn't send enough of her conmiodities to the East to discharge the demands for dispensing the second-hand wis- dom of their aristocratic home-made Gov- ernor and his hungry Cabinet. They must have known that they could send nothing to Canada in exchange for the enormous amount of her manufactures which her ten thousand whites and sundry Indians and Chinamen would consume — -1 beg Col- umbia's pardon, the Celestial "/le oobe beUy much too mv^hee " to consume any- thing except his own, and is pretty nearly self-sustaining. They must have known that for a thousand miles along the pro- jected line, with the exception of a fen? narrow patches in the few-and-far-between valleys, not oven a potato, let alone ceretb and edibles, would grow' to maturity. Thoy must have known that beyond the Cascades, away past Quesnelmouth; Fort Qeorge, and other regions nameless and i (9) O unknown, to the borders of the Wild N«)rth Land, the whole county is a verit- able abomination of desolation, the 6t abode of solitude and per}>etual death and decay. They must have known that this lovely land — where the hardy potato and oat, like all good young men ,^r<\ 'vomen, die very young — for six months leatit, and I tnink in certain sections I b.v with- in the mark if I say eight montls, of the year, is covered with snov, ,md 'Ce to eight, ten and twelve fot ueep, and in some naiTow low-lying valleys to t "e>a>- tive feet deep All this is no fdi -v pic- ture, but can be proved from :\ > j.ursouul experience of the writer iii tht Cariboo and Peace River Districts; and th'- ^pirit thermometer frequently indicates from 60 to 60 degrees below zero. They must have known that the Cariboo mines, the stay and bacl^bone of the whole Provinca, were entirely and hopelessly depleated, the finest portion of the population gone, the remainder dispirited and inert, tlie whole district being in fact at present a veritable deserted village, without appar- ently any hope of resuscitation, bed-rock pitching most furiously, no sign of blue clay, and even "Cariboo strawberries" being hard to get. (See note.) They must further have known that the whole realizable assets and resources of tho country, including town tots at Esquimalt and Burrard Inlet, all the old mules and broken winded horses from Cariboo to Yale, and even all the bad whiskey, was held on "spec" by rapacious harpies from the Governor downwards, until the "Canadian duffers" would arrive with their money to build the railway, when they would all ; >U cat and leave for God's country (i. e. California), all except those who would remain to have " a post on the Hulway, you know." And yei, knowing all this, and well ' knowing it too, these worthy Columbians had the audacity to draw up a contract, and the worthy Can- adian Ministry had the gullibility to ratify it, the consideration being a chain around the necks of the people of Canada which they could never shake off short of a wholesale national disruption and bank- ruptcy The whole thing really seems like a scene from a Christmas pantomime, so de- lighting our boyish days. These worthy * "Cariboo strawberries," miner's parlance, bean*. and sapient Solons bargaining for tho foe simple of almost a whole continent, and defining the terms and conditions of the most stupendous industrial undertaking ever conceived by any people, with the nonchalance of a Holywell street Jew hag- gling over the sale of an old hat ! But the pantomime is over, the play is played, now comes the transformation scene; tlie Pacific Shylock adheres to the lettter of h'« bond, and demands his pound of fiesh, mask has been drawn, and the glamour viio wafted away by the stem breezes of reality. The condition of things in Canada at the inception of the project are far better known to your readers than they are to me. Tho extension of the Dominion to the PaciHc wr? undoubtedly desirable, pro- vided it could be done at a reasonable price, and without retarding the growth of the other Provinces. Sir John A. 'a Government, tottering on the brink of dissolution, with an unworkable majority, the opposition daily growing in strength, cast about for a few more votes, and saw at once that Columbia, coming in with its half a dozen votes, would be a slight gain, and perhaps stave off defeat a few years longer. The bid was madu, the oflfer was eagerly accepted, overtopping the most sanguine expectations of the delegates, strongly reminding one of the mivgfroid of the Irishman endorsing a note for a friend, thanking the l*ope that the bill was paid anyhow. Thus far all went mer^ ry as a marriage bell, until the people of Canada awoke to the fact that tiiey had been most shamefully and egregiously sold. Much to their credit, they speedily took action, and overthrew the Govern- ment who had thus belied the trust re- posed in them. The question then as- sumed quite a different aspect, and it is difficult to follow clearly the host of reso- lutions and counter resolutions, votes and minutes of Council, protests and appeals, and an humble prayer at the foot of the throne by the giant Premier of British Col- umbia. Tlie position taken by the Col- umbians has b«en on the whole consistent; and had thi; original contract been conceived in a spirit of fairness and fair dealing between the two parties, not a- word could be said against their efforts to have it carried out as agreed. It is, how- ever, now well understood that the agita- PROVINCIAL AnCinVES OE B.C. (10) tion against the effoi'ts of the present Ad- ministration to correct the huge blunders of its predecessors is opposed at every step by the rapacity of a few pot-house politi- cians and of those noble gentlemen of the Hudson Bay Co. and ground-hog order who have nice little plots of land at Ea- fuijnalt, Nanaimo, Burrard's and Bute nlets, waiting for the railway to com- mence to sell out. It is even asserted that many old squaws of Victoria have ex- change their sohtary blanket for a town lot in hopes of becoming a Hudson Bay "Tyhee,' and making a runaway match with gentlemen formerly hailing from Downing-sitreet, or a cadet of some noble British house in search of a handsome dot, which are getting rarer and more rare everyday.. It is needless to expect that BO long, &i the present parties are in in- fluence and power in Victoria, the ques- tion will ever be approached in a fair apd kindly spirit. So long as the Columbia vision is obscured by visions of castles in Spain, and terminus lots selling at fabu- lous values, so long wiU they demand their pound of flesh. It is now full time for the Canadian people to consider, and con- sider carefully, whether they have not pur- chased an empty glory at too' dear a price. It is said the railway is a political neces- sity ; suppose so, but is it feasible for a young country like Canada to engage in unproductive works of this magnitude for an idea ? I have no doubt the present Government will do all in their power to meet the just demands of the Pacific Pro- vince, but, for my part, I should not hes- itate at all uosts to advise the total aban- dofxment of the project. Capital invested in unproductive works is loss, and loss of ca|>ital is to a young country the running of its life blood. Of course we have heard big threats, (^nd shall hear more. We have heard it said that Canada cannot go b^ck on the terms. But it must be re- membered that those terms were nevei ratified by the people of Canada ; and, further, it must not be foigotten tha*. the pcwera of a free people are in this respect difierent from the rights of the individual, lite people, collectively, can, and often dp', alter and undo what they formerly have done. It has also been said that Cana- da must be compelled to keep the tenhs. but I fancy it would be very hard to find the powei* to put that compulsion in force. In conclusion, I trust that the question will be approached during the next ses- sion in a friendly and amicable spirit. The well-being and prosperity of the coun^"- try at large should be held as dear on both ^V sides of the Rocky Mountains. That the future will obliterate the errors of a tot) sanguine and corrupt Administration, and that time will heal the wounds that are at present sore and rankling, is the prayer of Tbtb Jaunb Cache. Reply to Tbte Jaumb Cache, written in Ottawa in winter of 1876. To THE Editor of the Globe: — Sir, — In youi* issue of the 3rd instant, you give place to an exceedingly prejudiced and ill' natuxed attack on British Columbia and her people in a communication over the "nomde plume" "TeteJaune Cache," and ■ as no one more able than myself has un- dertaken to expose the falsity of the rea- soning and the malice pervadirtg the con- tribution referred to, I ask a place in your columns to make a reply. To begin at the last paragraph of "Tete Jaurie's letter, I with him "trust that the ' question' will be approached during tlie ' session in a friendly and amicable spirit." But I would ask him, whoever he may be, how far his random statements, not to say his impertinent interference, will go to- wards promoting the amicable spirit he professes to desire ? Surely "Tete Jaune" must be a thorough practiced hypocrite to express such a sentiment at the close of a letter in which he refers to our leading men as "pot-house politicians," Jews hag- gling over the sale of an old hat," "rap- acious harpies," "Pacific Shylocks," &c. "Tete Jaune" opens out in thip wise:— "Being an entirely disinterested party one way or the other, and having a good many years' personal experience on the Pacifit* coast, particularly in the section that the projected line will traverse, I me'^ly wish to throw what light I possess for the gmd- ance of the Canadian people in any future action they niay take with regard to this railway." And here is a specimen of the kind of light he possesses, and which he proposes to give free gratis and for nothing to the readers of the Globe: — "They must have known that for a thousand I miles along "^he projected liYie, with the' I exception of a few narrow patehes in the greal of broi m ■^P" ■i (11) In Is- It. jii. th- lud at It; IN m- and the and rea" con- V few-and-far-between valleys, not even a potato, let alone cereals and edibles, would grow to maturity. They must have known that beyond the Cascades, away past Quesnelmouth, Fort George, and other regions nameless aiid unknown, to the borders of the Wild North Land, the whole country is a veritable abomination of desolation, the fit abode of solitude and perpetual death and decay. Tliey must have known that this lovely land — where the hardy potato and oat, like all go6d young men and women, die very young — Ml itix. months at least, and I think in cer- tain Bections I am within the mark if I say eight months of the year, is covered with 8nQW_ and ice to 8, 10, and 12 fe^t deep, and in some narrow, low-lying valleys to 25 feet deep. All this is no fancy picture but can be pxoved from the personal ex- penence« of the writer in the Cariboo and Peace River districts. " Just compare this piece of rhodomou- tade with the unpretending, truthf ulj and unvarnished statement of Professor , Sel- wyn, the Chief of the Geological Sui-vey of Canada, who spent last, summer in the Peace River district, as made to the wri- ter on hvj return from the exploration of that region : — "I find, much to my surprise, (said Mr. Selwyii,) that too little h'ls liitherto been known respecting the northern portion of British Columbia. I have found there, I lu^ve found in the Peace River district, a tract of as fine agricultural land as I have seen in any part of the world, and it is of great extent, equal to five times the size of tiie Canadian i)eninsular. I have brought with me some very excellent sam- ples of wheat grown in the locality, and harvested in August. I pi-opose making a report of my investigatifin in that vicin- ity, and have the specimens of wheat now in my office at Mr)ntre»l. I regard this of such importance that I should very much like to see the Pacific Railway run through that country, and seek an outlet in the Northern Pacific Ocean. I um con- fident that there is room in that district, for millions of settlers." Next we have an extract from the Manitoba Fret Prens, on the evidence of Professor Macoun, in the following words:—" We learn that the Professor left Ottawa on the 10th of May, tiia British Columbia, and since that time hw examined the flora of the whole of the Peace River valley, and speaks of it in the most enty' jsiastic terms as a country ad- mirably fitted for settlement, and a culti- vation of all the cereals. " This is the kind of light that men of science, untarnished reputation, and of known veracity, throw on the country of which "Tete Jaune" alleges he has so in- timate a knowledge, Whose evidence will the readers of the Globe accept ? In relation to our mines, "Tete Jaune" says: "To-day the whole of its (British Colum- bia's) annual exports of gold do not ex- ceed the monthly dividend of one Califor- nia mining company." Now, this state- ment from its ambiguity is difficult to deal with. Taking it literally, it is far from being true. There is no mine either of gold, silver, iron, coal, or even diamonds in California or in any other part of the world which is paying a ' monthly dividend equal to the whole an- nual export of gold from British Colum- bia, even if he refers to the one silver mine in Nevada — not California — that i» now paying enormons dividends. But what comparison can there possibly be between the unexampled silver mines of Nevada and the alluvial gold deposits of any other country? As well might "Tete Jaune" com])are his own private liabilities with the national debt of Great Britain. ITie Canadian public mujt not be deceived by the absurdity which under- lies "Tete Jaune's" comparisons, but bear in mind that all the gold exported from British Columbia is obtained from placer or alluvial deposits; that there are no gold or silver quartz crushing mills yet estab- lished there, and that it is from the es- tablishment of large mills, cru,shing thou- sands of tons of ore per diem, that the enormous amount of gold and silver is produced in both California and Nevada. Yet our gold and silver quartz is untouched. In 1875 British Columbia ytelded from her alluvial mines $2,400,000 ; and if the number of miners at work be taken into consideration, I unhesitatingly assert that there is not a mining country on the face of the globe that has given so large a per centage per head employed as has British Columbia ; indeed, I should very much doubt if any country has yielded half so much. This is another specimen of the kind of light Mr. "Tete Jaune" possesses on min- (12) ing matters in British Columbia, and which he offers for the "guidance of the Canadian people." Next we are taken severely to task for the manner in which we conducted negotiations for admission into the Canadian Union. Ho says he knew more about the country than did the statesman of Canada, and knowing this, we, a handful of British subject^ away to the west, almost out of civiliza- tion, were clever enough to outwit the men whom Canada had entrusted with the control of her affairs. Were this true, would it not rodound to the credit of Brit- ish Columbians, particularly as "Tete Jaune" admits, further on, that "the finest part of the population had gone" (possibly himself amongst them), and that the remainder were "dispirited and inert. " Does "Tete Jaune" fancy that the Ca- nadian public is woak enough to believe that the "poorest part" of a small popu- lation, and that part " dispirited and in- ert" were clever enough to outwit Sir John Macdonald, Sir Francis Hincks, Sir George Cartier, and the statesmen of that time? Well, if it be so, I can only say, to use an expressive if not elegant phrase, not unfrequently employed in British Col- umbia, "Bully for us ! ' .In our hands, then, the foremost men of Canada were but as clay in the hands of the potter, and through our vile machinations thoy con- sented to place "a chain around the neck of Canadians. " Now, with your permis- sion, I will relieve "Tete Jaune" from all anxiety about that "chain." In 18G6 the United States paid Russia $7,000,000 for the territory of Alaska. So satisfactory to the American people was that purchase the Government policy in respect of it was never called in question or met with a challenge in the national Congress. If "Tete Jaune" had referred to that terri- tory when penning the language which I have above quoted, he would have found himself to be much nearer the truth than what would seem to be either his object or desire. Alaska is admitodly an inhos- pitable and frozen region, yet for the pur- pose of the extension of empire, and hold- ing of every available foot of frontage on the Pacific coast, the United States paid ^,000,000. It is fair, therefore, to as- sume that if the frozen region of Alaska be worth ^,000,000 to the Government of Ihe United States, British Columbia would be worth f70,000,000; nay, with our coal beds (an article the Uunited Stated are in need of on the Pacific) it would be no exaggeration to estimate her value to that Government at 3100,000,000, a price I do not hesitate to state she would gladly give for British Columbia to-day ! With a fair and reasonable presumption of this fact before us, and with an actual knowledge of the fact that in the same year, 1866, certain annexationists in Vic- toria were working secretly with a view to the early "gobbling up" of our country by the United States, the men whom "Tete Jaune" chooses to describe as "hag- gling Jews," "rapacious harpies," and "ground hogs," after the maturest con- sideration had a resolution passed in the Local Assembly asking the Imperial Gov- ernment to add a clause to the bill, now known as the "British North America Act," providing for the admission of Brit- ish Columbia into the then proposed Con- federation. Perhaps it would not be out of place to explain to the Canadian people through your columns, and incidentally to "Tete Jaune'" or "Yellow Head," as the translation is and as I shall hereafter call him, the sort of influences which were fruitlessly brought to bear on the "hag- gling Jews," and "rapacious harpies" with a view to bringing about the annexation of British Columbia to the neighboring Re- public. We are told — for I was among the number thus approached — that an- nexation would give value to property then valueless; that there would be an im- mense increase in our coal business, giv- ing value to our coal lands then lying idle ; that our timber interests, then struggling for an uncertain existence, would spring into prosperity, as United States markets, then closed, would be opened to us; that the silver leads known to exist in the in- terior would be speedily developed, that our fish would find in California unre- stricted sale, where they, it, and all others of our products were excluded by an antagonistic and its adjunct, red tape. Even the "owners of the old mules and broken- winded liorses on the Cariboo-road" were approached, and comparisons mf ' of the earnings of such property in "povi* down-trodden Columbia" and in the glo- rious States of the Union. Those amongst us who were struggling for position were assured that if they would only favor the (13) f in? movemeut, any claims therefor would be handsomely met. Aud after all these ef- forts, what was the result ? Why but forty names could be secured to be attached to the precious document forwarded to the President of the United States, and those forty individuals have been kno n as the "forty thieves" from that day ^ to this. Surely had we been "haggling Jews" and "rapacious harpies" the inducements offered and the glowing picture of our property advancing in value a thousandfold held before our gaze by the emissaries of Uncle Sam, would have tempted us to cast in our lot with the forty millions of people to the south of us. Nevertheless we defeated this scheme, and for doing so we claim no especial credit. We are a loyal British communi- ty and prefer to remain so, notwithstand- ing the abuse and vilification of men of the Yellow Head stamp. But the "chain," the "chain that is around the neck of the people of Canada?" Well, I can safely say that if there be a "chain," that that chain can be got rid of. If all sentiment is to be crushed, if all hopes of a Cana- dian nationality is to come to an end, if dollars and cents are to reign supreme then sell your contract with British Col- umbia — your terms as they ar« called — and I doubt not that you will find a pur- chaser in the United States. British Col- umbia to-day has cost Canada but a trifle as compared witli what I believe the Uni- ted States would gladly pay for her, and build the railway as well. If the "chain" be around the neck of Canada she need not keep it there any longer than she de- sires. On the other hand, if Canada wishes to be true to her inter-Provincial obligations, if she wishes to avoid sinking to the level of a tenth-rate State of the Union— a re- pudiating State — if she wishes to be re- garded as an hon^iit. iion-repudiating con- federation, she has but to adhere to the faithful performance of her contract with British Columbia. But if she means repudiation — and I fear by the way in which some roll the sweet morsel around in their mouths that the proposi- tion would not bo without supporters — let her repudiate now and at once, and not, like the dog in the manger, neither build the railway herself nor allow any- one else to do so. I have yet, however, to hear that any of Canada's prominent men have even thought of repudiation. Present depression has increased the ten- dency towards caution, but the crisis once passed men will view the undertaking very differently. In discussing the rail- way terms, "Yellow Head" says we are "Shylocks." This is as false as his reck- less statement. With regard to the Peace River coun- try. Did Mr. Trutch talk like a "Shy- lock" when he said, before the terms had reached British Columbia, that "even Shylock would not insist on the pound of of flesh if it had to be taken from a part of himself I" Did he not also say that the ten years mentioned was placing a defin- ite number for an indefinite one, and that if eighteen or twenty years had been re- quired it would have been readily granted? Has not Canada been informed over and over again that an extension of time could be had ? Not the most ultra stickler for "terms as they are" in British Columbia has said otherwise than that a bona fide commencement of the work would bo sat- isfactory to all ; yea, even Mr. Walkem, with all his vagaries, expressed a willing- ness to extend the time limit. When in- dividuals of the "Yellow Head" stamp un- dertake to vilify our people they should endeavor to remember, first: a solemn contract has been made by Canada : — Sec- ondly, British Columbia is not now at the Canadian door a beggar for ' 'better terms, " as was Manitoba a year ago, or Nova Scotia immediately aiter Confederation ; if she is asking for anything she is asking that Canada maintain her proverbial hon- esty, that Canada fulfill her solemn cov- enant, and in doing so she needs not to bow her head in shame or humiliation be- fore Lords, Commons, or the people of Canada. British Columbia lived before Confederation, with products infinitely less than they are now, under a civil list of $700,000. Sh.T paid, for ten years, a toll or tax equal to $5 75 on every barrel of flour, and on everything else for use in the mines in proportions similar, besides enormous rates for freight. She did all this and never cost Great Britain one quarter of a dollar. If thrown on her own resources to-day she will neither beg nor starve. Like other provinces she has her internal dissensions and her local bickerings, but she has amongst her best men those who are sufliciently patriotic PROVi.-ioiAL Ai;j:,;vES oe b. c. (14) 1^ 'I to take a broad view of her present diffi- culties. These men are coming to the front, and a calm and careful view of the situation will soon be taken. "Yellow Head" says, "of course we have heard threats," and he prophecies that more will yet be heard. In this, too, he is as far astray as ever. Canada shall hear no threats from us. With Confederation we are better off than without it. Is that any reason why Canadashouldseek to do as she pleases with us ? We are few in numbers. Is that a fair and just excuse for Canada to neglect her obligations? We are com- paratively weak, but wa are a Province of the Dominion of Canada, into which we have entered with the most loyal and pa- triotic motives, to advance the settlement, the development, and the civilization of our common country, and we simply ask that the terms upon which we entered the Union shall be kept in our own interest, and in the interest of the Cpnf ederation as a whole. Let us trust, Sir, that mod- erate me*!-, men capable of appreciating the real difficulty, will come for"vard pre- pared on both sides to make sacrinces for the common good. I am satisfied that the feeling in British Colun)bia is to put a stop to this unseemly quarrel, and while we can never forget that we have right and justice on our side, yet under the circumstances we should feel that we can afford to be somewhat magnanimous. Ottawa, 11th Feb., 1876. ^ . Bbplt to thb Globe's Abticij: on My liBTTBB Commenting on " Tbtb Jaunb Cache's." To the EpiTOR OF the Globe :~Sik: Will you afford me space to refer to the editorial remarks in respect of my letter signed F. J. B. , and published in your issue of the 18th inst. You intimate that I have written a "letter on British Columbia and her ^evaqce against the Dominion." You will pardon me for spay- ing this ip not so. J simply,, and in my own feeble way, sopght to reply to an ex- ceedingly ill natured, insulting, a^nd un- truthful fling at British Columbia and Britisli Columbians, by one of your cor- respondents, and in doing so I endeavor- ed carefully to avoid reference te the pol- itical aspect of affiiirs as they at present exist between Canada and our Province, and merely touched upon it when it could not be avoided in replying to " Tete Jaune Cache's " communication. It is somewhat flattering tp me, how- ever, to know that you found yourself compelled to go beyond the subject of my letter for matter wherewith to attack my letter, as you do when you enter into the discussion respecting the offer of ^50,000 recently, made, aiid the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railroad embroglio. It may possibly be a matter of surprise to you to know that many persons in British Col- umbia hold, and nave ever held, the view that it would be utter folly to ^pend the millions required to build that piece of ro»d before the work on the main line had been commenced, so that in that mat- ter we can have no quarrel. It does strike me, howesver, as somewhat singular — and you will pardon me for saying so — that a letter of ^uqh a character as that nrritten by "Yellow-head," a letter abounding in falsehood, vituperation, and miorepresoutation, should be allowed to pass unchallenged, thus pcnnittins; it to be rolled wp.amyng the thousands of col- umns printed figainst .the interest and in defamation of the most defencelesia Prov- ince of our Dominion ; and that mine, the first letter ever written in old Canada in her defence, should be assailed by you in an article one solid column in length. My object, sir, in troubling you •"''■^ a reply was to show your correspond^^ni. was un- worthy and that such articles as he con- tributes to your journal were calculated to do harm and to create a prejudice in the minds of the people he professed to enlighten against a Province already too little understood, and to warn them that his views were fallacipuQ- If you want British Columbia tp take a reasonable view of things you must put a stop to this wholesale denunciation of her people. It i^ unworthy of you to class us as you do. You say tliat " ypu much doi^bt whether British Columbians have obtained thes per- mission of Great Britain, to sell Vancou- ver Island or any other part of t^he Brit- ish Empire to a foreign State." Iain pre- pared to grant that we have no such per- mission, but I have, no difficulty in bring,- ing to my mind that one of the ai^uraenti na^6,hy the, Globe against the "Indepen- dence of Canada " movement was that it anl del to[ *. ■$ * %• (15) ovince, it could " Tete , how- ^ouTself of ray Ack my into the 1750,000 lalt and It may you to ish Col- the view end the piece of ain line ,hat mat- It does aingular ^ing 80 — r as that letter tion, and Uowed to ins; it to of col- at and in Les^ Proy- mine, the 'anada in by you in ngth. My h a reply , was un- 8 he con- calculated ejudice in ofessed to Iready too them that you want •easonable pop to this eople. It IS you do> b whether 3d the! per- il Vancou- ' the I^rit- iaipp^- > such pef - y in bnng,- a^umenta "IndepQn- was that it i meant annexation to the United States. Now, then, if annexation is impossible for British Columbia, how comes it to be possible for Canada? or did the Globe not believe in its own argument 1 If the in- dependence of Canada means annexation, why should not the secessipn of British Columbia mean the same thing? Gi^eat Britain does not sell her empire^ but un- less I have read the Globe for the past twenty years to no purpose, she has al- lowed many an empire, in size at least, to slip into Uncle Sam's hands. Only last year she blundered off San Juan, and it is, by the merest chance that she has a foothold on the Pacific Ocean to-day. What she has done before she may do again, and there are many who think tliat if the United States were sufficiently awake to the acquisition of British Col- umbia to put out her strength to help us, that the merchants of Great Britain would soon find some good reason why England should iK}t go to war for such a trifle. But of what use this discussion ? There are reasonable, men in British Columbia who only require to be assured that Can- ada is in earnest, and that she will do the best that she can to carry out the spirit of her obligations, who will do all in their power toward arriving at a reasonable ad- justment of existing difi'culties. Let these men be met in a spirit of fair play, and my word for it the British Colum- bia diffi<;ulty will soon be among the things of the past. In conclusion, permit me to, add that I have no disposition to continue this cor- respondence. My only object in address- ing you at all was to defend a Province in which I have lived for upwards of seven- teen y^rs against the vile attacks of a mere bird of passage. In allowing me space for this purpose you have placed me under o1;)ligationB, for which please receive the thanks of ; Yours, &c., F. J. B. Thb "Victoria Standaed's Remarks on MY LSTTBRS IN REPLY TO "^'TbtK JaUNB Oaohb." In a recent issue of the Globe newspaper th,ere appears an editorial entitled "Canada and her Western Province. " Tlie article deals wit^i abetter signeq ?., J. B. in reply to a communication from some low literary vagrant calling himself Tete Jaune Cache, and scarifies F. J. B. in a well deserved maimer. We cannot help thinking that the Globe has laid tpp much importance to F. J. B. and his communication. He may be the champion of the select few who make what they can out of Pacific Railway Supplies and mail contracts, but he no more represents the true feeling of this Province than one of the Chiefs of the Queen Charlotte Si washes. We. agree most heaii;ily with the Globe when it says that "if harmonious relations are to be attained, it is unwise to make continued reference to the advantage which British Columbia would have found i)i making her bargain with the States than with Canada. We ask nothing from the Do- minion of Canada but what we consider we are entitled to by the Terms of Union and which were pledged to us by the hour or of thp Crown. We are very sorry that our Toronto contemporary should have taken the ipse dixit of an irresponsible F. J. B. through a gratuitous contributiojj, as a threat from this province. y. J. B. is not our representative and we sincerely hope never will be. We indignantly pro- test against F. J. B. representing this Province as a mere huckster selling its rights and its allegiance to the "Old Flag" to the highest bidder whether American or Canadian. British Columbia has been struggling for the accomplishment of a great British nationality on this continent —and not solely for her own aggrandise- ment. To say that we could have sold ourselves to this country or to that countiy for a few shekels of silver, more or less, is the gratuitous assertion of an ignorant and narrow mind that imagines the Province places as much value upon dollars and c^nts as he seems to do himself. Accord- ing to the Globe, and we agree ynth it, the pith of F. J B.'s letter is that British Col- umbia sold herself to Canada at a high figure but not so high as it ought tp have been looking at the price paid by the United Staets for Alaska. This is an insult tp the genius and spirit of our people. Pritish Columbia ent^ed Confederation not in . the auctipn mart but upon temis piutjially and readily agreed to by Canada, Ha4 such nqt been tne case England would never have assented to them. We tJMte the liberty of advising the Globe to attach no importance to long winded letters writ- (16) % ' t ten in a similar strain of discreditable abuse and undeserved reflection? on our people at large. ITie Globe stoops from its position as a leading journal when it does itself the honor of even attacking and despising such insignificant writers. The Victoria Daily Colonist on the POSITION taken by THE StANDAED. Within the past two weeks we have re- published from the Toronto Globe two ex- cellent letters from the pen of Mr. F. J. Barnard. Those letters created in this city the liveliest feelings of satisfaction that one so able and influential, as the writer undeniably is, should have come to the defence of British Columbia when she was foully attacked by an anonymous cor- respondent of the Globe, who sought to detract from the value of this Province to the Dominion and libelled in a very gross manner her citizens. It was natural that the Globe (intent on making the best pos- sible bargain with Columbia in the inter- est of the Eastern Provinces) endeavor to pick to pieces Mr. Barnard's manly and convincing letters and try to counteract the great mfluence of his sound argument on Canadians to convince them of the im- portance of retaining their hold on this Province even at the cost of a railway from ocean to ocean. We say that such a line of conduct was quite compatible with the Globe's idea of its duty to the people of the Province in which it is published. One may question the wisdom of a policy of irritation in dealing with and speaking of British Columbia; but none will dispute the right of the Globe to advocate any policy it may see fit. We confess, how- ever, that we were not prepared to find a newspaper published in Victoria Clcy at- tacking the character and standing of the defender of the Province. It was enough, surely, that the Globe ehould assail Mr. Barnard. But no one anticipated that he would have been "wounded in the house of his friends" while in the act of defend- ing those friends from the rude assault of what the Stmidard has bawled itself hoarse in denouncing as ths "common enemy." Yesterday's leading article in the Standard was simply disgraceful. No doubt it was gaUing to our contemporary to find the man it has frequently referred to as "a ^traitor," extolled on all sides for the plucky manner in which he took up the cudgels in behalf of the Pro- vince. No doubt it " ate itn heart" with envy when it found his de- fence copied into and approved by every newspaper in the Province save one — and that itself. But because it may be de- voured by those discreditable feelings is no reason why it should attempt to destroy the good impression Mr. Barnard had certainly made in the interest of Columbia at the East. Now, let us see what is the ' 'head and front of the oflfending. " Mr. Barnard poin- ted oxittotheGlobethe impolicy of irritating and abusing British Columbia at a time when it was of the greatest importance that the public mind of the Province should be tranquilized and calmed. He also stated that British Columbia asked only her rights of Canada. Was there any crime in that ? The Standard seems to think there was ; for it says that in writing as he did Mr. Barnard was mere- ly the mouthpiece of certain interested individuals (as if every Columbian were not interested in obtaining a satisfactory solution of the railway puzzle) and actual- ly upbraids our Toronto contemporary for taking the slightest notice of "F. J. B.'s" letter. As Squeers would say, "Here's richness!" A champion of British Columbia, who entered the lists against a powerful antag- onist whose chief weapons are prejudice and misrepresentation, returning flushed with victory from the tournament, is to be assailed by the people in whose cause he has battled with contempt and con- tumely. At least, such is the treatment the Standard wants him to receive ; but the Standard is not the People, nor does it represent the People of British Columbia who, not having been parties to the "Fight Mackenzie" policy in the past, are not go- ing to help it "Kick Barnard" now. While attacking the letters of the defend- er the Standard fails not to give the anonymous writer in the Globe a poke. It calls him a "low literary vagrant." Any- one can call names ; but why does the Standard not dispute his "facts," combat his "reasoning," upset his "argument"? Where is the "Genial and Gifted ' Amor >. How does it happen that his clarion voice was not raised or his trenchant pen weilded in defence of his Province? How does it happen that a "low literary v£^rant" was -."'^■r- v^ took i Pro- e it» lis de- f every e — and be de- igs is no troy the ertainly I at the Lead and rd poin- rritating ; a time portance Province ed. He la asked as there rd seems rs that in as mere- nterested 3ian were tisfactory id actuai- )orary for . J. B.'e" "Here's ^\bia, who :ul antag- I prejudice flushed Lent, is to (se cause and con- itment the but the does it Columbia Ihe "Fight Ire not go- •d" now. Le defend- give the poke. It it." Any- does the ,j" combat rgument"? ^"' Amorf ,rion voice n weilded w does it rant" was 1 , »' •.I f ''■■ . . . - t'i'.VM-^.^.'r.rt ■•■:•■• 't^- (17) 'v,.v>H4*»»!*H fi; --ifK** *rje.5fiffevi?!i;^ suflFered to libel Columbia without "our only able representative at Ottawa" rising up in her defence ? Is it not shameful that while the defamer of the Province is allowed to escape with scarce a word of reprobation from the men who should be the first to attack him, the defender is assailed with all the vituperative energy at the command of our contemporary? We have too high an opinion of Mr. Bar- nard to think that anjrithing the Standard may say will deter him from speaking more good words for the Province as oc- casion may arise ; and he is too far above the reach of the shafts of envy and malice that are hurled at him to be in the least affected by such slanderous emanations as our contemporary's. ^ Lbttbb writtkn by Myself, and sionbd "Tbans-Caboadb," in Sbptembeb, 1876, duking the visit of lord duffbrin. Editor Daily Colonist: — I deem it scarcely necessary to offer apology for troubling you at the present juncture with the views of a mainlander anent the dispute now imder discussion between the Domin- ion Government and this Province. Before proceeding to the main question! may add that I should hardly have ventured on this letter had I not noticed recently in both journals an apparent desire to find common ground, ground on wliich we can stand and offer a united front in demand- ing such a settlement of the difficulty as will not entail any very serious sacrifice on ourselves, and at the same time ma- terially assist Canada at a time when as- sistance would be found very acceptable. But, before we dare venture on a state- ment of what should be accepted aa com- mon ground, it will be well for Victorians to take a view of the matter as nearly as possible through the same spectacles as mainlanders do. To do this may help us to bear and forbear and not denounce each other as recreants, traitors, &o. , at a time when united efforts is necessary. But to the mainland view: — We have ever re- garded the Carnarvon terms as extremely unfair to our section of the country, and we have ever felt that our interests were completely ignored hy that arrangement. In the first place, admit Esquimalt was made the terminus of the Canadian Pacific Railway by Order in Council, still in ex- istence. Admit, the stake was driven in presence and by order of the Deputy En- gineer in Chief of the nvilway, acting in behalf of and under instructions from the Grovemment of Canada. Admit the road from Esquimalt to Nanaimo is, or should be a part of the transcontinental railway. Admit, also, that the terms in respect of railway construction have been broken. We take exception to the arrangement known as "Carnarvon's" because, in the first place, the building of the Es'^uimalt and Nanaimo railway was offered as com- Eensation for delays in building the main ne. We say how in the name of com- mon sense can the Dominion pay us com- pensation by building 70 miles of railway on the main line for delays in building the main line f We say then, that under the "Carnarvon" Terms we have relieved Can- ada of considerable part of her obligations and extended the time limit in respect of railway xoithout any compensation whatever. This is our first objection to the "Carnar- von" Terms. The second is that the build- ing of the Esquimalt and Nanaimo sec- tion of the main line is made a first charge or in other words must be undertaken first and at once, and completed as soon as possible. Our objection to this is a purely selfish one, if you wish to call it so. We say that this is the least necessary link of the over- land railway, and if you commence work on it now you will be building up a nice market for the agricultural products of Puget Sound and Oregon, for the manu- facturers of California, and for the labor of China. That as far as the people of the interior of British Columbia are concern- ed they cannot supply you with a dollar's worth with the exception, perhaps, of beef, so that the building of the Esqui- malt and Nanaimo section will be of little or no benefit to us. I have noticed late- ly that both the Goloniit and its con- temporary contend that while the Island railway was being built ^,000,000 annually would (on conclusion of surveys) be spent on the Mainland. And pardon me for saying so, you have both told this fib so often that you be^in now to think it is the truth. The object of this white (?) lie is quite apparent. It is designed to sugar coat t^e pill for Mainlanders. I have searched all the documents refering to the railway and altered terms, particu- ■'♦ n\JVlHW>l>Ju auwtiil/u6 Ob U< Mjl *» 7^ I (18) » > H larly the one which is Carnarvon's deci- sipn »nd which was accepted by Macken- zie and W|Ukeia and is dated Downing street, Nov. lyth, 1874, anjd.I <»n find no 5!\jiQbL stipulation ;, but I do ,find the fol- .^w^g: "That two n^ilUons, B(ad not poet^^d a ^lalt milliona, shall be "the mini- mum e^pendituxe on railway, works with- ip the i^ov^NCK"— not on the Mainland, but /'wjxjacbi TBK t*»pv»rcK"i-T£rom the dftte;>tM^^^|dfci the surveys are sufliciently coinpi^ted io .eiiial^e that amount to be Wpend^d jh constructipn." Now w» un- derstand tly^ cli^uae tpmean that if the ta]^d se(^on \b undertaken it will i^- Sb^h 1;|i« 11^,000,000 for two or perha|M i;]tu'ee years^ ^d during this time you will be purchasuig of forpigneijs hundreds of {ihousand^ of dpUars' wcv^h of what we in tQ mt^rior qould. w^ll supply you with, id.Fe the ipeaps ,to g^t.it to the frpnt. .» that unaer the Ownarvon Terms we are not only, deprived of the expenditure ^f tl2,p0O,0iQ0 anqually in pur midst, but •W§ a]:e debarred from competing with Washington territory and Oregon for the sqppljy oi fitap\Q». Xs j^t any wonder then |n^t we ,dp npt set r^^xQili stqre by the so- ^i^^.Carnar't^Q^ ,Te,rmsj And is it any ^on4'Bi' ^^t when WG fin4 the cry raised q)f"CABNAEvojf Terms o» Sbpae^lTion" we denounce both the cry and the terms that give rise to it. It is not that we wish to prevent i^e cionstr;uction of the Island Action oi the overland railway, but we do ^ipt want it commenced until wj^ are put lA a position t9 ^pmpete :with fpreigneis to the supplying of, the agricultural pro- 'ittucts needed in its con8trvi9tion. Another objection that we have to the "O«niarvon" Tenns iathat while all the coiiditipns contained therein are based on Mr- Mackenzie's pffer through Edgar, yet t|ie one cUmse most ejBoentud to our wel- faxe wd the one wj^ioh would have gone furthest to reQomtmend the terms to us was, we say d^ignjedly, left out by Mr. Walkem, sp ttiat no expenditure might be undertaken anywhere else in the Prov- ince tha,t might ^sibly interfere with his pe|^^ch^me of building th9 Isknd railway FtB^i?, The clause rp^rred to oentaiiw «n expression of desire/'to avail of the large su|^plies of ail kinds of provisions now ex- isj;iniii^,pr capable of\ being produced in the interior, " ^nd^an ^xprcuwpn pf opinion that Bomethilig, slbk9j4d m done to aiEbi