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THE STORY TELLER. 
 From a Carving by W. S. Phillips. 
 
TOTEM TALES 
 
 Indian Stories Indian Told 
 
 GATHERED IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 
 
 BT 
 
 W. s. Phillips 
 
 FULLY ILLUSTRATED BY THF. AUTHOR. 
 
 CHICAGO: 
 STAR PUBLISHING CO. 
 
 1896 
 

 H* 
 
 
 COPYRIQHTBD 1896, BY 
 W. S. PHILLIPS. 
 
 All Rights Reserved. 
 
DEDICATION. 
 
 There are two wee tots of few summers not far from 
 wliore I write who have listened to the taU»s of the 
 Talking Pine with silent interest and wonderment. 
 Their eyes grow big, and bigger as they listen to the 
 wonderful doings of the strange characters of which I 
 write, and when the story is finished they climb up in 
 my lap and two tiny heads covered with curls, tlmt 
 shine like the flecks of gold among the mountain river 
 sands, nestle close to me and baby arms circle round 
 my neck. They snuggle close to me, awed, half believ- 
 ing that it is all real, but so interested in the fair^' folk 
 that they want "just one more story," and I must not 
 deny it. 
 
 May their baby sweetness never grow less, and may 
 their "Tah-mah-na-wis" be always ready to protect 
 them on their journey through the life allotted to mor- 
 tals, which is, after all, only a grown-up arrangement 
 of the Talking Pine tales, that they now love to hear 
 and half believe. 
 
 lii 
 
 201935 
 
mimmm 
 
 Iv 
 
 DEDICATION. 
 
 To these two, then— to little Laura, the one with the 
 curls of gold, and to her baby brother, little Elden— 
 this volume is lovingly dedicated, with the best wishes 
 ^' THE AUTHOR. 
 
PREFACE, 
 
 
 I , 
 
 The stories contained in this little volume under the 
 title of "Totem Tales" are the result of careful study 
 and research among various tribes of Indians of the 
 Northwestern Pacific Coast. 
 
 The Indian peculiarity of narration is kept as nearly 
 as possible, consistent with an understandable transla- 
 tion from the native tongue into English. 
 
 The Indian names are all spelled phonetically, nec- 
 essarily, so they should be pronounced as they are writ- 
 ten — by the wounds represented. The stories constitute 
 the embodiment of the Indian mytho-religious beliefs, 
 and, as they are gathered from several tribes, they will 
 sometimes clash as to the doings or looks of some of 
 the characters, and in some cases the same character 
 is mentioned by a different name, arising from the dif- 
 ferent tribal languages. 
 
 The general idea of the white people seems to be 
 
 that Indians believe in one supreme being, or "Great 
 
 Spirit," which corresponds to the God of our Bible. 
 
 This is not the case at all, for their religion is a 
 
 v 
 
vl 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 mixture of Tah-mah-na-\vis, or magic; Skal-lal-a-toots, 
 or fairies, and Too-muck, or devils, the evil spirits, 
 coupled with a vast legendary lore of a purely mythical 
 nature — fairy stories, in fact — of which "Totem Tales" 
 constitute a part. 
 
 They are a very superstitious people and have signs, 
 charms, and incantations for everything. Magic plays 
 an important part in every Indian's everyday life and 
 is interwoven with his doings and those of his ances- 
 tors and of the magic personages described in the 
 legends, as, for example, "Spe-ow." 
 
 Some of the stories contained in this volume were 
 told to the author by the side of the campfire in the 
 great forest of the far Northwest, others were obtained 
 from "squaw men" who had married into the tribe and 
 were familiar with the tales, others were gathered from 
 men of long residence in the Northwest, who had hoard 
 them from the old Indian story-tellers, characters who 
 are fast vanishing with civilization. 
 
 Cold type utterly fails to reveal the interest and fas- 
 cination of these weird and simple tales as heard from 
 the lips of some old and wrinkled member of the tribe, 
 a trained story-teller, while crouched by the side of a 
 blaze in the open air. 
 
 His eyes shine with interest in his own story, and he 
 
 - -—- ; ; itiyr itif ■»m>»«i 
 
mmmimm> 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 VU 
 
 a»> 
 
 acts as much of it as he can, posturing, gesticulating, 
 talking with his hands as much as with his mouth, and 
 the musical gutturals of the Indian tongue adding 
 greatly to the story value of the tale. 
 
 The giant pines rise up and up from the circle of the 
 light until they are lost in the blackness that is only 
 intensified by the blaze. The shadows flit about as the 
 fire flickers, and it is not long until every Indian in the 
 circle of listeners imagines he can see demons and 
 fairies in the nooks of every bush and peeping from 
 behind the giant trees, and they are in precisely the 
 same state of mind that children are who listen to, a.:\ 1 
 believe, the frightful ghost stories told them by sonio 
 old woman. 
 
 It is another phase of voo-dooism, a dealing in magic 
 and magic personages, and every legend has been 
 called into being by the thirst of the human mind to 
 know the origin of things which it does not compre- 
 hend. 
 
 The legends account for the presence of mountains 
 and other natural objects, the beginning, or creation, 
 of animals, birds, etc., and the reason for the world 
 being as it is to-day. 
 
 At this late date it is difficult to separate the Bible 
 stories told by missionaries, years ago, to the Indians, 
 
viil 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 and which have since drifted into legendary lore 
 twisted to fit the Indian view, and worn almost unrec- 
 ognizable by many repetitions, from that part which is 
 purely legendary and of Indian origin. 
 
 This the author has endeavored to do, using time 
 and patience, listening to the same story from different 
 sources, until the Totem Tales embody the pure Indian 
 stories which are told around the winter night story- 
 fire in the lodges of the Northwest. 
 
 With these words of explanation I launch these 
 "Talking Pine" tales on the troubled sea of public opin- 
 ion, with the hope that they will as greatly interest 
 the young readers into whose hands they may chance 
 to fall as they interested a group of little folks in one 
 of our Western cities the first time I told them of 
 "Spe-ow" and had to go away leaving them dancing on 
 the lawn and calling, "More! more! tell us more." 
 
 W. 8. P. 
 
 ■ W Wi ajMi i ij l^tiHW^JI 
 
CREDIT MENTION. 
 
 For efficient aid in procnring the material for 
 "Totem Tales" I am indebted to Mr. J. A. Costello, of 
 Seattle, Wash., a fellow "crank on Indians" who 
 tramped the great woods in company with me and 
 jotted down the notes while my pencil was busy with 
 sketches. Together we drew the stories, or many of 
 them," from the people we met on this trip. 
 
 Mr. Ed. Grant, a personal friend and former resi- 
 dent of the Northwest, has also given me many inside 
 points on the mysterious Kloo-Kwallie dance which 
 have filled out my own knowledge of this ceremony. 
 His graphic recitals of the everyday habits of the Quin- 
 ault tribe have also helped to a truer insight of the wild 
 men, and he got his knowledge from five years' resi- 
 dence with them. 
 
 I'hree of the stories, namely, "The Wind Dance," 
 "The Kain Song," and "Kloo-Kwallie, the Medicine 
 Dance," were first printed as they appear here in the 
 
* CREDIT MENTION. 
 
 "Forest and Stream" of New York, and seemed to have 
 had at least some interested readers; in fact, their 
 comments started me on th3 idea of grouping these 
 legends in book form. ^ t' h 
 
 THE AUTHOR. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 The Talking Pine 19 
 
 Song of the Waters 24 
 
 Dance of the Wind 35 
 
 Ka-lie-hete, the Chief of the Demons 41 
 
 Birth of Sliamson • ^1 
 
 The Deeds of Yelth ^^ 
 
 Wee-nat-chee, the Rainbow ^^ 
 
 Cawk, the Beaver's Daughter 78 
 
 Quaw-te-aht, the Changer 91 
 
 Thp Great Waters 99 
 
 The Crow Children 108 
 
 Kit-ai-na-o, the Stone Mother 114 
 
 The Rain Song 124 
 
 Of Wah-wah-hoo, the Frog 130 
 
 Kloo-Kwallie, the Medicine Dance 146 
 
 About the River Falls 157 
 
 Tale of the Demons 166 
 
 Magic of the Evil Eye 175 
 
 Concerning a Hunter and a Bear '. 189 
 
 Doak-a-Batl, the Maker 194 
 
 Birth of the Sun 204 
 
 Spe-ow and the Spider 212 
 
 Ta-ko-mah, the Mountain 223 
 
 The Bear Mother 241 
 
 Yelth and the Butterfly 242 
 
 Klale Tah-mah-na-wls 257 
 
 Reading of the Totem Pole 269 
 
 Carving of the Medicine Rattle 280 
 
 Skamson, the Thunderer 285 
 
 The Sing-Gamble 294 
 
 The Tab-mab-na-wlB of S'doaks 302 
 
 Xi 
 
lii'iTmrnirr-iiihim 
 
ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 The Story Teller Frontispiece. 
 
 A bioping Beach for the Canoos to Come Against 20 
 
 Where the Children May Waie 21 
 
 The Talking Pine 22 
 
 T'solo on the Lake 22 
 
 T'solo and the Talking Pine 25 
 
 Wee-wye-kee 26 
 
 Al-ki-cheek Shells 26 
 
 Mowitch, the Deer 26 
 
 Tzum-pish, the Trout 26 
 
 The Rocks Try to Hold Me 27 
 
 The Mountain Sheep 29 
 
 The Ferns and the Pool 30 
 
 To Them I Have Given Many Drinks 31 
 
 Skall-lal-a-toots 37 
 
 Moccasin 38 
 
 The Night Bird 42 
 
 The Path That S'noqualm, the Moon, Made 43 
 
 Ka-ke-hete 45 
 
 Balck 45 
 
 Ka-ke-hete on the River 46 
 
 The Wind Fought Ka-ke-hete a Great Battle 47 
 
 Carving of Ka-ke-hete 49 
 
 Skal-lal-aye Musk 49 
 
 Too-lux 52 
 
 Quoots-hoi 52 
 
 Too-lux Caught a Little Whale 53 
 
 The Whale— Haida Drawing 55 
 
 The Little Whale— Haida Drawing 56 
 
 xiU 
 
xiv 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 But Too-lux Cut the Wbale Across the Back 67 
 
 Yelth Made Love to the Eagle's Daughter til 
 
 Yelth 63 
 
 Ravens 63 
 
 Yelth Flew Out of the Smoke Hole 64 
 
 Yelth Flew wi'th the Fire 65 
 
 Looked Down at the Great Mountains 69 
 
 Chee-chee-watah * 70 
 
 Chee-watum YO 
 
 Gave Chethl a Magic Bear Skin 71 
 
 White Water Flower 73 
 
 Left Her Body Lying on the Floor 74 
 
 Made Magic Medicine 75 
 
 The Keeper of the Dead 76 
 
 Cawk Goes with the Chief of the Sea Gulls 79 
 
 T'sing, the Beaver 81 
 
 A Lodge of Pish Skins 82 
 
 Killed Him and Cut Oft His Head 83 
 
 Tipsu-Koshoo. the Seal ; 84 
 
 He Cut Her Fingers Oft 85 
 
 Called to Her Totem, Hootza 88 
 
 Hootza, the Wolf 89 
 
 Quaw-te-aht 92 
 
 A Little Boy Crying 93 
 
 Ohee-chee-'watah 95 
 
 Threw His Knife at the Man 97 
 
 Made Magic to Call the Sah-ha-le Tah-m"^ na-wis 101 
 
 A Salmon Spear 10? . 
 
 Made Cedar Bark Ropes 104 
 
 G'Klobet Loaded His Biggest Canoe 105 
 
 The Other Canoes Drifted Away 106 
 
 They Answered with the Voices of Crows 109 
 
 Left Them by the Canoe Ill 
 
 And So Jt Was He Carved the Totem Pole 112 
 
 The Crow 113 
 
 She Laughed at the Child of Skoolt-ka 115 
 
 Skoolt-ka Had Only One Child 117 
 
 The Tribe of Hootza Met in Council ,. 11$ 
 
ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 XV 
 
 The Tribe of Hoot-za Ran to Her Lodge 119 
 
 The Stone Woman 122 
 
 Sat and Smoked My Pipe 125 
 
 Flowers and Grasses j *126 
 
 The Pines Danced the Wind Dance 127 
 
 The Great Chief 131 
 
 Smolied the Peace Pipe 132 
 
 Wah-wah-hoo 133 
 
 Carried Her into the Forest 135 
 
 The Eagle Circled High 137 
 
 T'set-shin, the Snake 138 
 
 The Squirrel Watched 139 
 
 The Tribe of the Mosquitoes 139 
 
 The Wolves Smelled the Ground 140 
 
 Plunged Off into the Whirlpool 141 
 
 The Chief of the Fishes Took Him 142 
 
 White Men Call Her the Will-o-the-Wisn 143 
 
 Spud-tee-dock 147 
 
 They Looked Like Black Shadows 149 
 
 Held S'doaks with His Back Close to the Fire 151 
 
 With These He Scourged Himself 152 
 
 The Medicine Lodge , 153 
 
 S'doaks Fell Down 155 
 
 Medicine Pipe 155 
 
 A Sheet of Hurrying, Singing Water xuS 
 
 The River Falls , 159 
 
 The Demon Fought a Great Fight 161 
 
 No Swimmer Could Live Here 163 
 
 The Story Pipe 167 
 
 A Big Demon Who Was the Worst One 168 
 
 The Big Demon Made a Good Talk 169 
 
 The Ground Cracked Open 171 
 
 The Great River 172 
 
 His Tail Was Broken 173 
 
 The Evil Eye 177 
 
 A Medicine Man 179 
 
 A Too-muck 179 
 
 Charm Mask 180 
 
zvi 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Medicine Bag 180 
 
 A Baby of a Smiling Face 181 
 
 Found Her with Touats at the Spring 185 
 
 The Grouse 187 
 
 Touats 187 
 
 Indian Drawing on Robe 188 
 
 Touats and Hoots Fought a Great Fight 189 
 
 Hoots, the Bear 191 
 
 Doak-a-batl 195 
 
 T'shumin, the Canoe Chopper 196 
 
 He Wove a Willow Weir 197 
 
 A Medicine Man Dancing 199 
 
 Enapoo, the Muskrat ,. . 200 
 
 Left Three Big Traclis '. . 201 
 
 Found His Brother Occupying His Place 205 
 
 The Moon Boy 208 
 
 The Sun Brother 209 
 
 Spe-ow 214 
 
 The Moon Chief Found Him in the Trap 215 
 
 Ki-ki, the Blue Jay 217 
 
 Spe-ow Threw Up the Sun 218 
 
 S'noqualm Fell to the Ground 219 
 
 S'noqualm 220 
 
 The Tyee Spider 221 
 
 Spe-ow Kicked the Bluff Over 222 
 
 The Mountain, Takomah 225 
 
 Hia-qua 227 
 
 He Went Away at the Coming of Night 229 
 
 The Black Lake and the Tah-mah-na-wis Rocks 230 
 
 The Elkhorn Pick 231 
 
 He Started to Climb Out 232 
 
 The Wind Threw Him Over the Rocks 233 
 
 Smoked and Had Many Thoughts 237 
 
 An Old Woman by the Lodge Door 239 
 
 The Spotted Water Bird 242 
 
 Indian Carving of the Bear Mother 243 
 
 The Women Made Fun of Hoots 245 
 
 Hoots Carried Away the Chief's Daughter 247 
 
Hf 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 zvii 
 
 180 
 
 181 
 
 185 
 
 187 
 
 187 
 
 188 
 
 189 
 
 191 
 
 195 
 
 196 
 
 197 
 
 199 
 
 200 
 
 201 
 
 205 
 
 208 
 
 209 
 
 , 214 
 
 215 
 
 217 
 
 218 
 
 219 
 
 220 
 
 , 221 
 
 . 222 
 
 , 226 
 
 . 227 
 
 . 229 
 
 230 
 
 . 231 
 
 . 232 
 
 . 233 
 
 . 237 
 
 . 239 
 
 . 242 
 
 . 243 
 
 . 245 
 
 . 247 
 
 Killed Hoots, the Bear 249 
 
 Hoots Knows Where Good Eating Is 253 
 
 They Searched for Homes for the Tribes of Men 256 
 
 Tah-mah-na-wis Wolf Masks 258 
 
 The Klale Tah-mah-na-wis Dance 259 
 
 Tah-mah-na-wis Masks 262 
 
 A Skall-lal-a-toot 263 
 
 Tah-mah-na-wis Masks 265 
 
 The Dancers Sat Down 206 
 
 The Thunder Bird Mask 261 
 
 The Great Totem Pole 271 
 
 The Lodge of the Dead Man 274 
 
 I Brought the Great Pole from the Canoe 275 
 
 this Is the Tale 278 
 
 The Medicine Rattle 281 
 
 Medicine Rattle 283 
 
 Indian Drawing of Skamson 286 
 
 The Flight of Skamson 287 
 
 Indian Drawings of Skamson 289, 290, 291 
 
 War Club 291 
 
 Where the White Men Live by the Lake 292 
 
 Indian Drawings of Skamson 293 
 
 Gamble Sticks 296 
 
 Made a Motion to That Side 297 
 
 The Fire Had Burned Low 299 
 
 S'doaks 303 
 
 S'doaks, Listen! 305 
 
 Knife 307 
 
 I Am Tah-mah-na-wis 308 
 
 Ki-ki Told Him to Rest by the River 309 
 
 Mink Dragging a Blue Jay 312 
 
RnBOMESsmlL, 
 
f) AJi away in the unmapped West, 
 close to the edge of the last chain of 
 hills that mark the rim of the land, 
 is the Lake of the Mountains. The 
 Lake of the Mountains is very deep 
 and very blue, and it is pure and sweet, for it is cradled 
 in the mountain valley, and the great peaks are 
 painted in it, upside down, by the Skal-lal-a-toots, as 
 they always paint things in the water. 
 
 To know the Lake of the Mountains is to love it for 
 its beauty and its songs. The opal armoured trout 
 and the bronzy bass are there and the burnished gleam 
 of the lusty salmon is not strange to its waters. 
 
 All these things the Indians have known for many 
 moons. They know that the blue woods wL ch hover 
 about shelter all kinds of wild things, so they have 
 camped for many, many summers on the shore of the 
 
 19 
 
20 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 Lake of the Mountains, and always at the same place, 
 which is on a point that puts out into the lake 
 and makes a sheltered cove with a sandy beach, where 
 the canoes can come against the shore, and where 
 the children may wade in the water. 
 
 Just back of the landing, on the top of the small 
 
 A SLOPING BEACH FOR THE3 CANOES TO COME AGAINST. 
 
 ri<lge of land that goes on and on up to the moun- 
 tains, stands a great Pine, with a goodly space under 
 his spreading branches where a dance may be held 
 and a council fire be built. Back of this pine are other 
 
 m 
 
THE TALKING PINE. 
 
 21 
 
 e place, 
 le lake 
 , where 
 where 
 
 small 
 
 moun- 
 
 under 
 
 c held 
 
 ^ other 
 
 pines, and back of them are others still, and others, 
 until the world is blue with pines, and they cover the 
 mountains even up to the deep snow. 
 
 These are only common pines, and the great one all 
 alone, the one who is so very old and tall, and whose 
 arms are withered in places, and whose head is grey 
 
 WHERE THE CHILDREN MAY WADE. 
 
 with age, is the Talking Pine, the wise one of all the 
 nation of Pine Trees, and is the friend of T'solo, the 
 wanderer. 
 
 I am called "T'solo" the wanderer, and I have been 
 in many lands, but the Talking Pine has told me 
 
22 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 about stranger things and stranger men than I ever 
 saw, and many nights I have crossed the Lake of the 
 Mountains in my canoe, that I might sit 
 at the foot of the great tree and liear the 
 tales. 
 
 These tales I will now give to you as 
 I heard them, for they are good things to 
 know, and there is much of the wisdom 
 of age in them, for the Talking Pine is 
 very, very old, and very wise, and T'solo's 
 word is the word of the pine. 
 
 All the rest of the Pines are of the 
 nation of the Talking Pine, but he is the 
 Tyee, the great chief of the tribe, and is the leader in 
 all the dances and songs of the woods, and the friend 
 of all the wild things that live in the woods. Ilis wis- 
 dom is deep, for he is old and 
 has heard many councils, and 
 many councils make one very 
 wise. Because he is so wise all 
 things ask aid and good words 
 of him. 
 
 Once there were many strange t-soio on the Lake, 
 beings in this country, and many strange things hap- 
 pened, so now there are many stories to be told to 
 
 The Talking Pine. 
 
 i 
 
 m 
 
THE TALKING PINE. tt 
 
 those who do not know of these things that happened 
 h")ng ago. Now, all who love tales of the wild things, 
 and of their wisdom, should come to the story fire; 
 for while it bums will be talked the talk of the Pine, 
 and there is wisdom and strange things to be told. 
 
 We will light the story tire and put a coal against 
 the chinoos that is in the pipe, and when the smoke 
 begins to warm the mind, and the fire begins to warm 
 the bones, we will hear the tales, and through these 
 tales you will learn the wisdom and of the good heart 
 of the Talking Pine, the Wise One, that dwells by the 
 Lake of the Mountains, which are piled against the 
 great water by T'set-se-la-litz, the country of the Sun- 
 down. 
 
HEN the story fire was burning the 
 first time I came to listen to the 
 Talking Pine he told me of the Song 
 of the Waters this way: 
 
 "T'solo, the wanderer, listen to 
 the tale of the waters. 
 
 "In the country called T'set-se-la-Iitz, which is the 
 Ifind of the Sundown, there is a great high mountain 
 ^'liich is named T'ko-mah, the one that feeds. 
 
 "This is because the rivers that come from there 
 are white like milk, and the mountain is white and 
 round like the breast of a woman, and the people of 
 the mountain give it this name because a woman feeds 
 her children from her breast, as T'ko-mah feeds its 
 children, which are the rivers. 
 
 "One river that comei from T'ko-mah is called 
 D'wampsh, the crooked one that sings, and it tells 
 
 24 
 
 £^ 
 
SONG OF THE WATERS. 
 
 25 
 
 tales of the mountains and of the woods to those who 
 know its speech. 
 
 "Now Wee-wye-kee, the grandmother, is very oi'd, 
 and is a friend of the crooked one that sings, and is 
 also my friend. 
 
 "Wee-wye-kee knows the language of D'wampsh 
 and knows all his songs, and she told the songs to me, 
 
 frWrft 
 
 /«%»» 
 
 IM 
 
 III I, Ik 
 
 (I 
 
 
 
 T'SOLO AND THE TALKING PINE. 
 
 and now I sing them for you, T'solo. It is the soug 
 of the waters like this: 
 
 "I am the wild one, the crooked one that sings, 
 D'wampsh. My father is the snow and my mother is 
 
V^^^m MP! 
 
 26 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 T'ko-mah. The heart of my father is cold, but the 
 heart of my mother is warm, for it is the fire, and I 
 am born. A-a-ah-na! And I am born! 
 
 "I sing, I leap, I run — 
 
 I, D'wampsh, the crooked 
 
 one — and I am happy, for 
 
 I know many friends. I 
 
 know T'kope-raowitch, the 
 
 wee-wye-kee. white goat, that Hvcs by 
 
 my mother, and to him and his brothers, the 
 
 mountain sheep, I have given many drinks. ^'' siienli!'' 
 
 "I know Mowitch, the deer, and Moos-moos, the 
 great elk, whose horns are like the arms of a pine. 
 "I know Yelth, who is the Raven, the maker of 
 
 Mowitch, the Deer. 
 
 T'zum-piBh, the Trout. 
 
 the fire, and I am at war with the fire. Ah-ee-e! I 
 am always at war with the fire. 
 
I® 
 
 TKE ROCKS TRY TO HOLD MB. 
 
 » 
 
SONG OF THE WATERS. 29 
 
 "I love the woods, who are wise, and I love the 
 ferns, who are small, and who shade my face with 
 their fingers, and I love the rocks who are big, and 
 strong, and hard. 
 
 "The rocks play with me and try to hold me with 
 their big, hard fingers, but they can't! They can't! 
 lla! Ha! They can't! I run, I leap, and I sing, and 
 
 THE MOUNTAIN SHEEP. 
 
 am free! I, D'wampsh, the crooked one, I ,sing and 
 
 am free. 
 
 "Ah-e-e-e, Wee-wye-ke, the grandmother, they can't 
 [stop me, for I am always going to the council of the 
 [great water that is by Ill-a-hee Al-ki, the land of the 
 Bye and Bye. 
 
4il 
 
 iillfj 
 
 30 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "Come with me, Wee-wye-ke, come in your cauim, 
 and I will carry you to Ill-a-liee Al-ki, and give you 
 Al-ki-cheek, the shells to wear in your ears, and to 
 trim moccasins with. Ah-e-e-e, Wee-wye-ke, come and 
 you shall have Al-ki-cheek, plenty of it. 
 
 THE FERNS AND POOL. 
 
 "I have got the gold that m ' mother gives me, 
 ha! ha! The yellow gold that Squintum, the white 
 man, seeks! 
 
 "Yes, I have it, plenty! plenty! plenty! But I bury 
 
iir canim, 
 
 give you 
 
 •s, and to 
 
 come and 
 
 ■i::m^^ 
 
 'i'Jiyll , 
 
 ' gives me, 
 , tlie white 
 
 But I bury 
 
SONG OF THE WATERS. 88 
 
 it in my saud, be! he! I bury it iu my saud, deep 
 
 down, and tben I roar, and foam, and »ing, and tbe 
 
 Squintum cannot find tbe gold, and it is well. 
 
 "Ab-e-e-e, Wee-wye-ke, it is well, for tbe wbite man, 
 
 Squintum, is tbirsty to kill when bis eyes sbine Avitb 
 
 tbe yellow gold. So I bide it and sing on, and let bim 
 
 hunt! 
 
 "I sing to tbe rushes until they sleep, and I give 
 
 [them drink for their tbirsty stems. Tbe willows, too, 
 
 [drink of my water, and it is well. 
 
 "T'zum, the spotted trout, lives in my shadow and 
 
 [waits until his grandmother, tbe Chinook salmon, 
 
 [comes from the sea, tbe council of water, then be 
 ^rows fat on eggs, Ab-e-e-e, Wee-wye-ke, tben tbe can- 
 
 [nibal grows fat on eggs. 
 
 "I know Eua, tbe beaver, and Kula-kula, tbe wild 
 
 [duck, and I know Enapoo, tbe muskrat, the lazy one 
 that sits in the sun. I know many, many more, Wee- 
 vye-ke, many more, and they are all my friends. Have 
 ^ou not heard the song of the lonesome one, Wab- 
 vab-hoo, tbe frog? Wab-wab-hoo is my friend, too, 
 ind sings at night for Hab-hah, who was bis wife, and 
 
 l^vbo is dead. 
 
 "Now, \\'ee-wye-ke, I must hurry, for I bear the 
 
 [song of the Skamson, tbe Thunderbird, and soon the 
 
Im 
 
 ■ill] 
 
 B 
 
 84 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 raiii will come, aud 1 must dauee tlieu and carry it to 
 the sea; Klook-vvab, Wee-wye-ke." 
 
 And so ended the song of the water as Ka-ki-i-sil- 
 mah, the Talking Pine, spoke it a long time ago. 
 
 m 
 
I carry it to 
 
 Ka-ki-i-sil- 
 le ago. 
 
 
 OME, T'solo, the wanderer, when the 
 wind is strong in the Southwest, 
 and see the wind dance and hear the 
 wind song of the pines." So said 
 my friend, the Talking Pine, when 
 we parted the last time. 
 
 This Wise Pine, which is so old that it can remem- 
 ber the coming of the first white man, had promised 
 to tell me the secrets of the woods, and tjiis was to be 
 the beginning. So when the wind came from the 
 Southwest I got into my canoe and journeyed across 
 the Lake of the Mountains until I came to the place 
 where the Wise One lives. 
 
 The Talking Pine and all his large family and all 
 their relations were dancing the wind dance and 
 singing the wind song when the canoe scraped on the 
 sand. 
 
 35 
 
86 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 Tlu' Talkiii}^ IMiio saw me and nodded his head, but 
 did not stop daneinj;', for jon must Ijnow that when 
 tlie pines bej>in dancing tliey will sing and dance the 
 wind dance just as long as they can get the wind to 
 help them with the music. 
 
 They love to swing and to sway with the wind that 
 conies from the sea to help them sing, and you know 
 the pines cannot sing alone and they always sleep 
 when 1 lie wind goes away. 
 
 I came to the foot of the Talking Pine so he could 
 talk as he danced, and he told me why the pines dance 
 the wind dance, and sing always when the wind is in 
 the Southwest. 
 
 This the Talking Pine said ab( ut the wind dance: 
 
 "Many, many years ago, before I was born, or my 
 father, or my father's father was born, when the wind 
 was still a little boy, there were many strange and 
 hori'ible creatures in the world, and they were always 
 at war. 
 
 "Far away to the Southwest lived an old Skall-lal- 
 a-toot that the wind loved to play tricks on. 
 
 "This Skall-lal-a-toot had a daughter about the 
 same age as the wind, and the wind loved the little 
 one for her winning ways and pretty face, for, you 
 know, they are all this way. 
 
DANCE OF THE WIND. 
 
 87 
 
 "The old Skall-lal-a-toot loved his daughter very 
 much, too, and hated the wind because he was always 
 traveling and playing tricks, and had a bad temper. 
 
 "When the wind got old enough to marry he went 
 to this girl and wanted her to go away with him to 
 his lodge. 
 
 "She was willing, but the old Skall-lal-a-toot was 
 very angry and hid his daughter. 
 
 SKALL-LAL-A-TOOTS. 
 
 "Now, you know the wind can make himself very 
 small and invisible, so he came in the night and took 
 the Skall-lal-a-toot's daughter in his arms and started 
 away across the big water to take her to his lodge. 
 
 "Soon the old Skail-lal-a-toot missed his daughter 
 and went to find the wind and get his daughter back, 
 and at the same time to punish the wind for the trick 
 he had played on him. 
 
 "After r long journey he overtook the wind, and 
 while the wind slept he took his daughter and then 
 
38 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 struck the wiutl so hard ou the head that he was like 
 a dead man for a long time. 
 
 "Then the old Skall-lal-a-toot took his daughter and 
 started for home again. 
 
 "When the wind woke up he was pelton in his 
 head — crazy, the white men call it — and could not 
 remember anything, and had lost the power to change 
 himself back to his visible shape again, so now you 
 can only hear him sing, but can never see him. 
 
 "After a lotig time the wind remembered 
 that the Skall-lal-a-toofs daughter was with 
 him, and he thought she had been stolen, so 
 he went to look for her. 
 
 "The wind was very strong in his body, 
 because he was wrong in his head, and he 
 very fast and goi very angry when he 
 thought of the old Skall-lal-a-toot, and at last he over- 
 took the old man with his daughter and fought him 
 a great battle away out over the big water. 
 
 "Soon the old Skall-lal-a-toot was forced to drop his 
 daughter and take care of himself, and when the 
 father let go «f her the girl fell d»wn into the water 
 and was drowned. 
 
 "Then the Tah-mah-na-wis took 1 
 
 Moccasin. 
 
 traveled 
 
 up 
 
 *ky, 
 
 so the wind could see her always. 
 
■HHF 
 
 DANCE OF THE WIND. 
 
 89 
 
 was like 
 
 ghter and 
 
 on in his 
 could not 
 to change 
 3 now you 
 hira. 
 
 ^membered 
 r was with 
 a stolen, so 
 
 Q his body, 
 »ad, and he 
 y when he 
 ast he over- 
 fought him 
 r. 
 
 I to drop his 
 1 when the 
 ;o the water 
 
 ) in the sky, 
 
 "The white men call her the Moon, but they do not 
 know why her face is white like the face of a drowned 
 person, or why you can always see the ghost of the 
 moon in the water when you look, on a moonlight 
 night. 
 
 "That is because she was drowned in the big water, 
 and now she must always stay there until the wind 
 finds her, and the wind is crazy and does not know 
 her face, but travels ahvays and looks for his wife and 
 sings to call her from the woods. 
 
 "The wund thinks the pines know where his wife 
 is, and he is always sinking to them to tell him; then 
 he gets crazy again and thinks she is with him, and 
 he goes away laughing and singing. 
 
 "The wind loves to dance and to sing, and the pines 
 always help the poor fellow, and he tells them many 
 things that he sees in his travels. 
 
 "lie is not always crazy, and then he moans ana 
 cries for his wife, and looks everywhere, but soon he 
 gets crazy again and sings and shrieks, and rushes 
 along hioking for the old Skall-lal-a-to)t. 
 
 "The Tah-mah-na-wis changed the wicked old Skall- 
 lal-a-toot irto the sun and put him in the sky, and now 
 he is always running away from his daughter and 
 she is always following him." 
 
Ih 
 
 u 
 
 40 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 This the Talking Pine told me as he danced the 
 wind dance and sung the wind song. 
 
 "I would sleep now, T'i olo, the wanderer," said the 
 Pine when the wind Wc-.i*" . , y. "When there is more 
 to tell you I will let you know by a message and you 
 will come then, T solo, the wanderer, and we will see 
 more." 
 
 . t) ■ i'. 
 
 lill 
 
 §WI\ 
 
need the 
 
 said the 
 •e is more 
 
 and you 
 e will see 
 
 HE canoe made a long line of 
 shining water across the Lake of 
 +iie Mountains, and Esick, the pad- 
 dle, whispered to the Skall-lal-a- 
 toots that live in the water, as I 
 rent along toward the path that Snoqualm, the moon, 
 jputs on the still water. 
 
 You can never come up to this path because Sno- 
 [aalm moves it away just as fast as the canoe travels, 
 ind he stops it when you stop, but he does not bring 
 it nearer. 
 
 When the canoe came against the sand that is in 
 front^ *^f where the Wise One stands it made no noise 
 md I thought the great Pine was sleeping, he was so 
 still, but he spoke and his voice was small like the 
 roice of a man talking a long ways across the wate^* 
 )r a man talking in the night when Polikely Kula- 
 fvula, the owl, is flying, and he said, "T'solo, the wan- 
 
 41 
 
i 
 
 42 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 derer, you are late to-niglit, and for that we can only 
 have a short talk. Tliere is a tale of Ka-ke-hete, chief 
 of all the demons, that fits the night well, and we will 
 have this, the tale of Ka-ke-hete." 
 
 "That is well, Wise One, for I would know of Ka- 
 
 THE NIGHT BIRD. 
 
 ke-hete, the chief of demons, so when I hear his 
 whistle I may know what to do. Talk, and say the 
 tale, Wisest of Pines." 
 
 Then the Pine began, and his voice was small and 
 full of sleep. 
 
can only 
 ete, chief 
 i we will 
 
 ►w of Ka- 
 
 I hear his 
 nd say the 
 
 i small and 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
KA-KE-HETE, THE CHIEF OF DEMONS. 
 
 45 
 
 "A long time ago Ka-ke-liete, Chief of the Too- 
 muck, was making a journey. For many days he trav- 
 eled in his canoe, and he journeyed 
 with the water toward the council of 
 waters, and this was on a river that 
 is named Samumpsh. " 
 
 '•When he had traveled for as 
 many days as the fingers of one hand 
 and two more the wind saw him. 
 
 "By this time he was on the great 
 water and there was no laud 
 close, so the wind, who is al- 
 ways at war with Ka-ke-hete, 
 sung a war song and ran over the water. 
 
 "Ka-ke-hete saw the wind coming and tried 
 hard to reach the shore of an island, but Esick, 
 the paddle, was slow, and the travel of the canoe 
 was like the travel of a tired child, and so the 
 wind caught Ka-ke-hete and fought him there 
 in his cauoe. 
 
 "Soon Ka-ke-hete fell out of the canoe and 
 had to swim, and the wind thought he was dead 
 of the water and went away singing. 
 
 Ka-ke-hete. 
 
 "Ka-ke-hete did not die, but swam to the 
 
 Esick. 
 
 island and hid there in the woods for a long time. 
 
46 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "Wlieu lie saw any cbildreii playing in the sand 
 down by the water, then Ka-ke-hete ran down and car- 
 ried them into the woods and ate them up. 
 
 "Now, this made the people very angry and very 
 sad, and they came together in a great council and 
 
 c ««r 'i« .../-«—- "^ nil 111 A ^ J'Jujrtm 
 
 KA-KE-HETE ON THE RIVER. 
 
 said, 'This thing in the woods must be killed, so it 
 cannot eat our children,' so they went into the woods 
 to hunt and kill Ka-ke-hete, but they found only an 
 otter, for Ka-ke-hete had seen them coming and by 
 his magic had changed his form to that of an otter. 
 
KA-KB-HBTE, THE CHIEF OF DEMONS. 
 
 49 
 
 
 and so they did uot kill biiu, for the people kuew tliat 
 au otter was not big enough to eat children. 
 
 "When the people all went back to their lodges Ka- 
 ke-hete changed himself back to his own form, and at 
 nigh-t went down to the beach and stole a canoe. 
 "With this canoe he paddled away from the island 
 
 and went on his jour- 
 ney, and so he got away. 
 "Now 3'ou may hear 
 
 his voice at night in 
 
 the woods, and it is 
 
 not the voice of Hoots, 
 
 the brown bear, nor 
 
 the voice of Itswoot, 
 
 the black bear, nor the 
 
 voice of Puss-puss, the 
 
 cougar, nor the voice of 
 ''"""hel''*"''" Hootza, the r/'df, but it 
 sounds like all of these \ uices, and it sounds like the 
 war song of the wind, but it is not any of these. 
 
 "It is like the voices of the dead people who are at 
 
 Stickeen, the land of Shadows, and it makes you fold 
 
 on your back, and your hair lay away from your head. 
 
 "It is the voice of Ka-ke-hete, the chief of the 
 
 demons, who calls his tribe and sings for the little 
 
 Mm% 
 
 Skal-lal-aye Mask. 
 
f'i 
 
 {;o 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 i 
 
 I' ' 
 
 I i 
 
 I! 
 
 
 Sk{ilMal-j«-t(M>tH who livt* ovorywhere and who make 
 iiMich mischief. 
 
 "When you hear this sound at uij^ht, tlu'U drop 
 your lodj^e curtain and see that the y;reat Skall-lal-aye 
 mask hauf^s on the lodj^e pole over your head, so that 
 Ka-ke-hete will {40 by and not rais*^ the lodge curtain. 
 
 "And this is the tale of Ka-k( e, the Tyee of all 
 demons." 
 
 So said the Talking Pine. 
 
 "It was a g(»od tale, Wise One, and I will hang up 
 the mask in my lodge an<l drop the door curtain as 
 I go in. 
 
 "I Avill come for more tales, and now Klook-wah." 
 
 And then I went with the canoe across the Lake 
 of the Mountains. 
 
HE Talkinj"' IMnc nodded in friend- 
 ly greeting; as 1 tied my canoe to tlu? 
 end of a log and let it drift on the 
 placid water and mirror itself in the 
 Lake of the Mountains, while I 
 elinibed up to sit at the foot of the Wise One and 
 listen to the tales he had to tell. 
 
 "To-night we will know of the birth of the Thunder- 
 bird, Skamson, who makes the rain, T'solo," said the 
 Pine as I lighted my pipe and waited at his feet, 
 watching the moon rise. 
 
 "It is good," I answered ; "I would know of the Thun- 
 derbird, Wise One, and how he came to be. Tell the 
 tale and I will listen." 
 
 "Then it is this way," said the Talking Pine, and 
 
 at once he began to tell the tale. 
 
 61 
 
Ili 
 
 li 
 
 i« 
 
 m 
 
 -is 
 'Ml 
 
 
 
 ■r" f 
 
 I! 
 
 62 
 
 TOTEM TALES, 
 
 Too-Iux. 
 
 "T<)(4-lux was the South wind, who always traveled 
 North in fho summer time. 
 
 "Quoots-hoi was an old witch who lived by a great 
 river and whose home was by the rocks. 
 
 "When Too-lux came to ine rivt^r he 
 was tired and hungry from his travel, and 
 when he saw (Juoots-hoi he said, 'Give me 
 something to eat, for I am olo, hungry.' 
 
 " 'I have nothing ready, but here is a 
 net; go and catch a *little whale and bring 
 it to me so I can cook it, and vou shall 
 have some tish for your hunger,' said 
 Quoots-hoi, 
 
 "So Too-lux took the net, which was made of the 
 small roots of the hemlock tree, and waded into the 
 great water. There he soon caught a little 
 whale and brought it to the lodge of 
 Quoots-hoi and prepared to clean it to 
 make it ready to eat. 
 
 "Then Quoots-hoi handed a knife, made 
 from a sharp sea-shell, to Too-lux and 
 said, *Do not cut the little whale across Quoots-hoi. 
 his back, but split him along his backbone and dress 
 
 him that way.' 
 ♦Grampus. 
 
Id 
 t 
 
 m 
 
 TOO-Ll'X CAUGHT A LITTLE WHALE. 
 
 n 
 

BIRTH OF SKAMSON. 
 
 65 
 
 "Now, Too-lux was very hungry and wus in such a 
 hurry for his dinner that he did not pay much atten- 
 tion to what (^uoots-hoi, the witch, had told him, but 
 cut tlie little whale across the back. 
 
 "When he did this the whale 'mmediately changed 
 and became a great bird, which flew awry and lit on 
 
 THE Win llAIDA DRAWING. 
 
 a high mountain. There it built a nest and laid many 
 eggs. Quoots-hoi and Too-lux followed the bird and 
 found the nest. They destroyed all the eggs but one, 
 and that one hatihed before they could get around to 
 break it, and so the Thunderbird was born. 
 
 }'■ I'll 
 
ii ■ ! 
 
 56 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 
 "Before Quoots-hoi and Too-lux could capture and 
 kill it the bird flew away and went to another high 
 mountain arid covered itself up with clouds, so no 
 one can find it now, and it is the maker of the rain, 
 and of Too-tah, the thunder. 
 
 THE LITTLE WHALE (ORAMPUS)— HAIDA INDIAN DRAWING. 
 
 "Some other time I will tell you what the Thunder- 
 bird can do, and where he lives and what he eats, but 
 not now, T'8<lo, the wanderer, for the moon is high and 
 it is time to sleep. Come again and listen, for there 
 are more tales to tell." 
 
 
« 
 
 H 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 O 
 
 I 
 
 r 
 
 a 
 1^ 
 
 33 
 
 a 
 
 > 
 r 
 
 > 
 a 
 sa 
 o 
 
 tn 
 
 03 
 
 > 
 O 
 
 67 
 

BIRTH OF SKAMSON. 
 
 69 
 
 A nd so I journeyed to my lodge again and left the 
 Wise One to sleep out his sleep, for he is old, and those 
 who are old must sleep much and are not like young 
 folks, whose eyes are bright and whose feet are like 
 the feet of a deer. ^ 
 
 i I 
 
 I 
 
 a 
 

 I 
 
 I 
 
 ^r-i 
 
 ELL mo, Wise One, of the deeds of 
 Yeltb, tbe Kfiven," I said to the Talk- 
 ing Pine, as I came and sat by bis 
 feet. 
 
 "You would know of tbe deeds of 
 tbe Black One, Yeltb, tbe Kaven?" be asked. 
 
 "Yes, Wise One, tbe story of tbe Are; tell me of this, 
 and bow it came about." 
 
 "Listen tlien, T'solo, tbe wanderer, for it is well 
 to know of the lire, and bow it came. 
 
 "Yeltb, tbe Kaven, is a good spirit and has done 
 manv deeds, so many that I cannot tell vou of all of 
 tbeni. Nobody knows of all that Yeltb has done, for 
 be has lived a long, long time, and is always doing 
 deeds. 
 
 "But of tbe fire: T know tbe tale and will tell of 
 
 it and of tbe sun, tbe moon, tbe stars, and of tbe fresh 
 
 60 
 
I 
 
 YBLTH MADE LOVE TO THE EAGLE'S DAUOHTBR. 
 
THE DEEDS OF YELTH. 
 
 63 
 
 Yelth. 
 
 water, which Yelth, the Kaven, got from the eagle and 
 gave to men. 
 "It is like this: 
 
 "When times were young and people did not have 
 all the things in the world that they do now, the great 
 
 Gray Eagle was a mighty 
 chief and was keeper of 
 the fire, the sun, the 
 moou, the stars, and the 
 fresh water. 
 
 "He was the enemy of 
 men and guarded all these things well that men did 
 not get them for their own use. 
 
 "Now, Yelth was a friend to men and was 
 always doing good deeds for them, and for this 
 reason he Avas hated by the Eagle, who was his uncle, 
 
 "The Eagle had a pretty daugh- 
 ter, and Yelth made love to the 
 girl, and so got into the lodge of 
 his uncle, the Eagle, and looked 
 around to see what the Eagle had that would be arood 
 for the use of men. 
 
 "At this time the Raven was not a black bird, as 
 he is now, but was a fine young man, who was 
 changed by the magic of his enemies into the shape 
 
 Ravens. 
 
«4 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 I 
 
 of a bird, and he was very wise himself in all the ways 
 of magic, and so the Eagle's daughter loved him. 
 
 "Soon Yelth found the sun, the moon, the stars, 
 the fire, and the fresh water, and he deserted his 
 sweetheart and stole all these things from his unole, 
 
 YELTH FLEW OUT OF THE SMOKE HOLE. 
 
 and, putting on his magic bird skin, tiew out of the 
 smoke hole in the lodge with them. 
 
 "As soon as he got outside he hung the sun up in 
 the air, and putting on his magic bird skin again, 
 soon reached an island in the great water, where he 
 rested until it was night. 
 
 .' 
 
 
 
4' •* 
 
 rs 
 
 » 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 n 
 
 H 
 
 65 
 
 l! t 
 

THE DEEDS OF YELTH. 
 
 67 
 
 "Now, wheu the darkuess «'{une lie eould not see how 
 to travel, so he scattered the stars about in the sky 
 and hung up the moon, so he eould have light, and 
 left them there for the use of men. 
 
 "When he found he could see to travel by this light 
 he took the fresh water and the fire and started for 
 his oAvn lodge. Soon he dro|)ned the water and it fell to 
 the ground, and now there are lakes and rivers in the 
 land, and men have good water to drink. 
 
 "With the fire he journeyed on, and soon all the 
 stick burned up, and the smoke made his body black, 
 and his bill burned until he had to drop the fire, and it 
 fell in the rocks and in the trees, and it is still there, 
 for you may get fire by rubbing two sticks together, 
 and you muy get it by striking two rocks together, too. 
 
 "And so that is the coming of fire. When 3'ou come 
 again, T'solo, the wanderer, I will tell yon ino?«o of the 
 deeds of Yeltli, but not now, so Klook-vah." 
 
 ! i) 
 
 Ml 
 
 
 
HE sun was j)aiiitin;i, the Western 
 
 sky with bi'i}»ht patches of ^ohl and 
 
 rose when I lij^hted n»y pipe and }»ot 
 
 into my canoe to journey across tlie 
 
 Lake of tlie Mountains and hold a 
 
 talk with my friend, the Talkinj; Pine. 
 
 The pisht, pisht, of the eddy lovin}>- paddle made 
 
 sweet sounds and sunji; soft lullahys as T journeyed 
 
 across the silent lake and looked down at the jjjn'al 
 
 mountains that are in the bottiun, like silent «»ray 
 
 ••hosts, and in time I came to the beach of yellow 
 
 sand which is just where the Wise One lives. 
 
 "Kla-how-ya, T'solo, the one who wonders," said 
 
 the Pine, "it is a ^otn] nijjjht, a ni}:;ht of many colors 
 
 in the sky, and tomorrow the rain will come, ami then 
 
 all the pines will slnj; the rain song and dance the 
 
 rain dance, for the wise one, Skamson, the great Thun- 
 
 68 
 
WBE-NAT-CHEE. THE RAINBOW. 
 
 69 
 
 derbird, has sent me word, and lie lias said that Wee- 
 natchee, the Rainbow, will come with the rain to- 
 morrow. 
 
 "Know you, T'solo, wanderer, know you the tale of 
 Wee-natehee?" 
 
 LOOKED DOWN AT THE GREAT MOUNTAINS. 
 
 "No, Wise One," I answered, "I do not know the 
 tale of Wee-natchee, the Kainbow. Know you the 
 tale, Ka-ki-i-sil-mah, Wisest of Pines?" 
 
 t;; If 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 i > !n ■ 
 
 ';U 
 
 it 
 it 
 
 <>i\\ 
 
70 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "Yea, I know the tale. Light your pipe again, 
 T'solo, for it is burned out and the smell of blue 
 
 Chinoos smoke is a good smell 
 when tales are to be told. 
 Make your pipe full of Chinoos, 
 T'solo, and when the white 
 man's fire stick makes the bowl 
 % red with fire and the smoke 
 comes well, I will tell you the 
 tale, T'solo." 
 
 "It is well, and I listen, 
 Wise One." 
 
 "Then it is this way," answered the Talking Pine, 
 "v^iah-ah-ah Ahn-n-n-cutty, so 
 long ago that I have no memory, 
 T'solo, the wanderer, there was a 
 great chief who was the head of 
 many tribes and a wise man. 
 
 Chee-chee-watah. 
 
 "This man's name was Chee- ^J 
 wat-um, the one who stjiys at '^^ 
 home. 
 
 "He was wise in the ways of 
 men and wise in the ways of the 
 Tah-nmh-na-wis, and of magic, and so many people 
 came to see him for his wisdom. Now, Chee-wat-um, 
 
 Chee-watum. 
 
 ' 
 
 
 mm 
 
>i!: 
 
 GAVE CHETIIL A MAGIC DEAR SKIN. 
 
 71 
 
WEE-NAT-CHEE, THE RAINBOW. 
 
 73 
 
 the wise one, had a daughter who was fair and fresh 
 as the first white water flower of the lake that blos- 
 soms in the frog moon, and was wise in the ways of 
 men, for she was born with teeth, and as you know, 
 T'solo, she had lived before, else she would have been 
 
 born the same as other children — 
 
 without teeth. 
 
 "This girl was loved more than all 
 
 else by her father and was named by 
 
 him the Humming Bird, Ohee-chee- 
 
 watah. 
 
 "Now, among ()thers who came to 
 White Water Flower, eouucil with fhe-wat-uui was a youug 
 warrior, who was Chethl, the Lightning, because of 
 his quick ways. 
 
 "Wlion f'liethl saw fMiee-chee-watah ho said in his 
 own thoughts, 'This girl shall be my wife, for she Ims 
 a fair face and much wisd<nn,' and so he set about to 
 make love to her. 
 
 "('liH'-chee-watah, the ITuraming Bir<l, soon loved 
 riiethl, the Lightning, and they planned to marry and 
 live in a lodge of their own, and all was settled but 
 the word of Che-wat-um, her father. When he found 
 that his daughter loved the Lightning he was very 
 angry and put Chee-chee-watah in the woman's lodge 
 
 :i] 
 
 k 
 
74 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 for many ilJiys, aud sent (..Uiethl away aud told him 
 never to see Chee-chee-watah again. 
 
 "Now, tliis made tlie young folks very sad, for they 
 loved each other very dearly, and for many days 
 Chethl planned to see the Humming Bird, but failed. 
 
 LEFT HER BODY LYING ON THE FLOOR. 
 
 "Then he thought of the ways of magic, and so went 
 alone in the forest and called his great Tah-mah-na- 
 wis to him and said, % Chethl, the Lightning, am much 
 in love with Chee-chee-watah, the daughter of Che- 
 wat-um, the wise one who stays at home. Chee-chee- 
 
WBB-NAT-CHEE. THE RAINBOW. 
 
 75 
 
 111 
 
 watab is kept iii the woman's lodge aiid 1 cannot see 
 her. Give nie a charm that will make all eyes but the 
 eyes of the Humming Bird blind when I walk by them, 
 so I may go to her.' 
 
 "And so the Tah-mah-na-wis gave to Chethl a magic 
 
 T 
 
 MADE MAGIC MEDICINE. 
 
 bear skin and said, 'Put on this bear robe and go to 
 your sweetheart, for no eye may see you when you are 
 covered with it. But be careful that you look toward 
 the rising sun and toward the setting sun when j'ou 
 put it on, or else it will lose its magic and be as other 
 bear robes, and of no use.' 
 
 H'i, 
 
 ' \ I 
 
76 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "Then Cliethl put on the robe and went to the 
 woman's hxlge, and no one saw him, and he said to 
 Chee-chee-watah, the Humminjj; Bird, 'Come under the 
 robe and you shall go out of the sight of men, and we 
 will go far away and live in a lodge of our own.' 
 
 "So Chee-chee-watah got under the robe and they 
 went far away into the forest and 
 built a lodge and lived there together 
 until one day Chetl put on the magic 
 robe, but forgot to look toward the 
 rising sun and toward the setting 
 sun, and then a strange thing hap- 
 pened. When the bear robe fell over 
 the shoulder of Chetl there was a 
 great noise and a strong wind, and 
 Ka-ke-hete, the chief of the demons, 
 came and took Chetl away and left 
 Chee-chee-watah alone in the forest. 
 
 "When she waited for many days 
 and Chetl did not come back Chee- "^''iSrcaVv'lni!""* 
 chee-watah was very sad and mourned all the time 
 for her lost husband. 
 
 "Soon there came a time when Cole-sick, the keeper 
 of the dead, came and found Chee-chee-watah sitting 
 there mourning, and he took her away with him and 
 
 
WBE-NAT-CHBB, THE RAINBOW. 
 
 n 
 
 left only her body lying on the floor of the lodge, and 
 there she was found by her father, Che-wat-um, who 
 had been looking for her for many moons. 
 
 "When he found she was dead he was very sad, 
 and made magic medicine and so called her back from 
 the country of the shadows and made her to be the 
 rainbow, Wee-natchee, and put her in the sky, so he 
 could see her always, because she was dead and could 
 no longer be his daughter, Chee-chee-watah. 
 
 "And so this is how Wee-natchee, the Rainbow, 
 came in the sky. 
 
 "Now, T'solo, the wanderer, go in your canoe to 
 your lodge across the Lake of the Mountains, and 
 fasten the door curtain, for Ka-ke-hete, the chief of the 
 demons, is blowing his whistle and coming fast over 
 the woods and chasing the wind, so it is well for you 
 to be by the lodge fire when they pass by, that you 
 may not see his wicked face." 
 
 And so I crossed over the Lake and sat in my lodge 
 while Kake-hete walked across the Lake of the Moun- 
 tains and made the water white while it sung a war 
 song with the wind. 
 
tM^. 
 
 jpYp 
 
 GHTER 
 
 NOW you of Cawk, the daiij;bter 
 of T'sing-, the Beaver, T'solo?" 
 asked the Talking Pine when next 
 I sat at his feet and watched the 
 little waves that always wash the 
 sand and sing there in the Lake of the Mountains. 
 
 "No, Wise One, I do not know of Cawk, the daugh- 
 ter of T'sing, and I would hear the tale." 
 
 "Listen then, T'solo, the wanderer, for it is a tale 
 that is good to know, for it shows how one can be too 
 proud, and in this lose the good and get only the bad 
 of living, and that is not a good thing to do. 
 "This is the tale, wanderer: 
 
 "Mp.ny, many summers ago there lived a chief who 
 was T'sing, the Beaver, all alone on a great island in 
 the big water. 
 
 "Now, T'sing, the Beaver, had a daughter who was 
 
 78 
 
; I 
 
 li I 
 
CAWK. THE BEAVER'S DAUGHTER. 
 
 81 
 
 Cawk, the one with the pretty face, ller mother had 
 long been dead, and she lived there alone with her 
 father, and so grew up to be a pretty girl, Cawk. 
 
 "All the young men of the country around came to 
 make love to Cawk, the pretty one, but to all she was 
 
 -^^ - 
 
 
 T'SING, THE BEAVER. 
 
 the same, and was too proud to be any but the wife 
 of a great chief, and so she waited. 
 
 "One time, when the ice melted and the water 
 was unlocked, a great white bird wlio was T'ko])o 
 Kula-Kula, the sea gull, came to the island where the 
 Beaver, T'sing, lived, and saw Cawk, the pretty one. 
 
 • ■■ M 
 
 I 
 
82 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 " 'Now the sea gull fell in love with Cawk and made 
 love to her with his song this way: 
 
 " 'Come with me! Come into the land of the birds 
 where there is never hunger. 
 
 "'Where my lodge is made of the most beautiful 
 woods, and where I, T'kope Kula-kula, am chief. 
 
 A LODGK OP Fisa-SKINS. 
 
 " 'Your fire shall always burn with wood. 
 
 " 'You shall rest on soft bear robes. 
 
 " 'My people, the gulls, shall bring your food. 
 
 " 'Their feathers shall make your robes. 
 
 "'Your basket shall alwnvs be tiUed with meat.' 
 
CAWK, THE BEAVERS DAUGHTER. 
 
 83 
 
 "So Cawk listeued lo the .s(»u<»- auil soou she loved 
 T'kope Kula-kula, the sea gull, and went away with 
 him across the big water, and lived in his lodge. 
 
 "Only too soon poor Cawk, the pretty one, found 
 thai she had made a mistake when she sent all the 
 young men away and went with T'kope Kula-kula, 
 
 KILLED HIM AND CUT OFF HIS HEAD. 
 
 the chief of the sea gulls, for his lodge was not buill 
 of beautiful woods, but only of the skins of fishes, and 
 was fall of holes where Colcsnass, the winter, came 
 in and froze her fingers. 
 "Instead of soft bear robes, her bed was only the 
 
 f? 
 
 is! 
 
84 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 skius of Tipsu Ko-slioo. the hair seal, the water pig, 
 and she could not rest. 
 
 "And there was no wood for the lodge fire, and no 
 meat in the basket, and the only food she had was the 
 nastj' fish that the tribe of the gulls threw to her, and 
 that was not much of anything, for the gulls are always 
 hungry and eat all they can get themselves. 
 
 "So Cawk, the daughter of T'sing, the Beaver, grew 
 sad in her mind and longed for her old home with her 
 father, and in her sadness she sung her song this way : 
 
 " 'T'sing, oh, my father, listen: 
 
 " *If you knew how sad I am you would come to rao. 
 " 'We would cross the big waters 
 in your canim. 
 
 " 'The tribe of Tkope Kuia-kula 
 do not look on me with goo<l 
 hearts, for I am a stranger. tipbu KoHhoo. the seal. 
 
 " 'Colesnass blows his brciith on me and Ka-ke-hete 
 whistles by my bod. 
 
 " 'I have no fooo. 
 
 " *I am sick and am very sad. 
 
 "'Come, /ather, with your ctinim and take me home.' 
 
 "Now, when the sunimer c ime again 'fsing got in 
 his canoe and crosst-d the big wiitor.s to go on a visit 
 to his daughter. 
 
 I 
 
gy 
 
 HE CUT HEn FINGERS OFF, 
 
 8S 
 
CAWK THE BEAVER'S DAUGHTER. 
 
 87 
 
 "She was very glad to see him and begged him to 
 take her home again, and told him how she had been 
 treated by her husband, T'kope Kula-kula. 
 
 "When T'sing, the Beaver, heard of this he was very 
 angry and waited until T'kope Kula-kula came back 
 to the lodge and then T'sing killed him and cut off 
 his head. 
 
 "Then he took Cawk, who was no longer the pretty 
 one, because her eyes were red with tears, with him in 
 his canoe, and went swiftly across the big water on 
 his way home again. 
 
 "Soon the tribe of T'kope Kula-kula came home and 
 found their chief dead, and his wife gone, and they 
 all began to cry and they still cry to this day for their 
 chief. 
 
 "All the tribe of gulls went in search of the killer 
 of their chief, and soon they saw the canoe of T'sing, 
 the Beaver, journeying across the big water. 
 
 "Then they stirred up a heavy storm, and made the 
 water rise up in great waves that tried to sink the 
 canoe of T'sing, the Beaver. 
 
 "When the storm came T'sing did a very wrong 
 thing, for he took Cawk, his daughter, and threw her 
 out in the big water for the birds to take revenge on. 
 
 "But Cawk caught the edge of the canoe, and held 
 
 n 
 
 -■'\ 
 
88 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 on, until her father, to save himself, crueUy cut her 
 fingers off at the first joint. Now, the ends of her 
 fingers fell into the water, and the first one was 
 changed into the whale, and the finger nail became 
 the whalebone and so the whale came into the world. 
 
 
 .^r 
 
 CALLED TO HER TOTEM, HOOTZA. 
 
 "The second finger became a Grampus, or little 
 whale, and the others swam away in the shape of Sal- 
 mon, Herring, Codfish, Seals, and Ilairseals, and so 
 these things all came into the big water and are still 
 there. 
 
 mmm^m^m^m^ 
 
CAWK, THE BEAVER'S DAUGHTER. 
 
 89 
 
 "When Cawk fell iuto the big water ilie gulls 
 thought she was dead of the water and went away, and 
 so the waves calmed down, and her father took poor 
 Cawk back into the canoe, and took her home, but she 
 had no fingers and was in much pain. 
 
 "Now when she sat by her father's fire, and looked 
 at her hands, all the love went out of her mind and 
 Ka-ka-hete, the chief of the demons, came into it, be- 
 cause her father had been so 
 cruel to her. 
 
 "So she counseled with Ka-ka- 
 hete and he told her to make 
 medicine to hurt her father. ''WMJSB^* 
 
 "Then Cawk called to her To- ^ 
 
 tem spirit, who was Hoot-za, the nootza, the wou. 
 wolf, and to him she said: *My father, T'sing, the 
 Beaver, has cut off my fingers. Bring all the tribe of 
 Hoot-za and let them gnaw off the hands and feet of 
 my father while lie sleeps, so that Ka-ka-hete will go 
 out of my mind, and I may sleep.' 
 
 "And so the tribe of llootza came and gnawed off the 
 hands and feet of T'sing, the Beaver, while he slept, 
 and when he awoke he was very angry and talked 
 with a bad tongue to his Tah-mah-na-wis, because he 
 let Hootza eat his hands and feet. 
 
 < » 
 
90 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "When he did this, the Suh-hale Tah-muh-na-wis 
 was very angry, and made the ground open up in a 
 great hole, and down went T'sing, the Beaver, Cawk, 
 the pretty one, and all the tribe of Ilootza, the wolf, 
 except one, and from him came all the wolves in- the 
 world, and they are all bad, because of the bad deeds 
 of Hootza." 
 
 This was the tale of Cawk, the daughter of T'sing, 
 the Beaver, that the Wise One, Ka-kii-sil-mah, the 
 Talking Pine, told me by the Lake of the Mountains. 
 
 
O you know of Mowitch, tlio deer, ami 
 how he came, T'solo, tlie wauderer?" 
 asked the Talking Pine as the moon, 
 Snoqualm, made a silver path 
 across the Lake of the Mountains, 
 from the black pines on the other side, clear up to the 
 beach of yellow sand, where my canoe made a black 
 spot on the water close by my foot. 
 
 "I listen for the tale. Wise One," I answered, and 
 then watched Snoqualm, the moon, climb up the sky 
 while the Talking Pine t»ld me this tale: 
 
 "Mowitch was once a man, but is now a deer, be- 
 cause of the magic of Quaw-te-aht, who did many 
 other deeds, too, and it was this way," said the Pine. 
 "A long time ago Quaw-te-aht, the changer, came 
 across the land and traveled along through the woods. 
 "In his travels he came to a place where the rain 
 
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TOTEM TALES. 
 
 was falling and stood by one of the tribe of the pines 
 
 to wait until the rain went away. 
 "While he stood there he saw a man who was stand- 
 ing still and throwing his 
 hands about in the air over 
 his head very fast, and try- 
 ing to keep the rain from 
 failing on him in this way. 
 "When Quaw-te-aht saw 
 this he thought this man 
 was very foolish, and he said 
 to him, 'Why do you do 
 this?' 
 
 " 'That is the way to keep 
 the rain from falling on 
 you,' said the man. 
 
 " 'You are foolish, and for 
 your foolish ways, I will 
 change your form,' said 
 Quaw-te-aht, the changer. 
 'Go and be always in the 
 
 form of Chee-chee-watah, the Humming Bird, and 
 
 throw your arms fast for the rest of your life.' 
 "And so by the magic of Quaw-te-aht the man was 
 
 changed into the form of the little bird that makes a 
 
 Quaw-te-aht. 
 

 A LITTLE BOY CRYING. 
 
 

QUAW-TE-AHT, THH CHANGER. 
 
 95 
 
 noise with bis wiugs, Chee-cliee-watiih, and now you 
 will always see him when the rain has just gone, or 
 when the tears of Hnoqualuj, the moon, fall at the com- 
 ing of Polikely, the night, all because of his foolish 
 Avaj^s when he was a man. 
 
 "Now, since this was done, no Indian is afraid of the 
 
 rain, and does not care if 
 it falls on him, because he 
 remembers the Humming 
 Bird, Chee-chee-watah. 
 
 "After the rain went 
 
 away, Quaw-te-aht went 
 
 on through the woodj and 
 
 came to a little boy who 
 
 was sent by his mother to 
 
 pick a basket of Shot-o-lil- 
 
 ies, the Huckleberry, and 
 
 this little boy was crying, 
 
 *Hoo! Hoo! Hoo!' because he was not a brave boy and 
 
 was thinking of the Brown Bear, Hoots, who lived in 
 
 the woods. 
 
 "So Quaw-te-aht said, *Why do you cry?' 
 
 "'Because I am afraid of Hoots, the Brown Bear, 
 
 and think he will come and eat me,' answered the boy. 
 
 " 'Now because you are not a brave boy, and because 
 
 Chee-chee-watah. 
 
I 
 
 
 96 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 you cry always, I will change you from a boy to the 
 form of a bird,' said Quaw-te-abt, the changer, and so 
 by his magic the boy was changed into a dove, and is 
 now in the woods and always crying, *Hoo! Hoo! Hoo!' 
 just as he did when he was a boy, and very much 
 afraid of Hoots, the bear. 
 
 "So, if boys do not want to be change<l into other 
 things, it is best for them to be brave and not cry 
 about Hoots, the bear, and then they will soon grow 
 to be men, and be wise. 
 
 "QuaW'te-aht journeyed along and soon came to an- 
 other man who was making sharp the edge of a stone 
 knife, and to this man he said, 'Why do you make the 
 knife sharp?' 
 
 " 'To cut meat,' answered the nmn. 
 
 " 'That is double talk, you make sharp the edge of 
 Opitsah, the knife, that you may kiU me, for I know 
 your mind and can see your thoughts. Give me the 
 knife,' said Quaw-te-aht, and started towards the nmn. 
 
 "Now the man knew that Quaw-te-aht saw his 
 thoughts and so he was very much frightened and 
 started to run away. 
 
 "In his great haste he dropped his knife, and then 
 Quaw-te-aht picked it up iand threw it at the man, and 
 it struck him in the heel. 
 
QUAW-TE-AHT, THE CHANGER. 
 
 97 
 
 "When the knife stuck in his heel the man began to 
 jump about and ran into the woods. 
 
 "Quaw-te-ahf, to punish him for his evil thoughts, 
 said, 'Go and be Mowitch, the deer, and jump about 
 in the woods always,' and so by the great magic of 
 Quaw-te-aht, the changer, this wicked nmu became 
 
 THREW HIS KNIFE AT THE MAN. 
 
 the first deer, and still jumps about in the woods Avith 
 the knife in his heel, for you may see the handle of 
 it sticking out just above the foot of the deer, where 
 he has another toe, and his feet are split in two be- 
 cause the knife split the foot of the evil man. 
 
1 
 
 I 
 
 98 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "And so this is tlie tale of Mowitcb, the deer, aud 
 how he came." 
 
 When the tale was done, Snoqualni, the moon, had 
 climbed above the tops of the black pines across the 
 Lake of the Mountains, and was painting all the water 
 with light. 
 
 Then I got in the canoe and paddled away and the 
 voice of the Lake sung under the canoe as it went 
 along, and far away in the shadow of the trees I heard 
 the hunting cry of l*uss-puss, the great yellow cougar, 
 who looked Avith his great green eyes for Mowitch, the 
 deer, for his meat, and from a dead pine, Polikely Kula- 
 kula, the big owl, sung for his wife to come, and so I 
 journeyed home to my lodge hearing these sounds. 
 
 
 ^^"l/lriAfV^*'^ 
 
 > 
 
WANDEKEK, jon have seen the 
 mark of the waters on the inonntain 
 tops many times in your journeys, 
 but do you know how the waters got 
 there?" asked the Talking IMne, when 
 I had !;Mt down by his feet, and tlie smell of the ('hlnoos 
 was in the air. 
 
 I thought heavy thoughts on this, but I could not 
 think how the waters had left their marks on the top 
 of the hills, vet I knew thev had, for I had seen the 
 sign in many lands, so I said, "No, Wise One, I do not 
 know how the sign of the great waters came to be on 
 the tops of the mountains, but it is good wisdom an<l 
 well to know. Know you, wisest of Pines, how the 
 waters came on the hills?" 
 
 "Yes, I knf»w, T'solo, the wanderer, I know how this 
 sign came there. Shall I tell the tale?" 
 
 89 
 
 
 h 
 
100 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "It is good to know of this, and I listen, Wise One. 
 Speak tlie tale." 
 
 "Then it was because of this: 
 
 "A long time ago, before Yelth, the raven, was born, 
 or before the coming of Hoots, the great brown bear, 
 there were different men in the land from the men 
 we know now, and they were not good men. 
 
 "Always they talked with a double tongue and 
 knew much magic, but it was the magic of Too-muck, 
 the evil spirits, and the magic of the little folks of the 
 woods, the Skall-lal-a-toots, who are the makers of 
 mischief and little bad deeds. 
 
 "All the men of the land were this way except one 
 who was G'klobet, the silent one, and he was hul-loi- 
 mie, different, and a wise man in the magic of the Tah- 
 mah-na-wis. 
 
 "Now the men always counciled with the Tyee Too- 
 muck, the chief of the demons, who is Ka-ke-hete, and 
 who does many evil things, and they forgot the Tyee 
 of all, the Sah-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis, who is the spirit 
 of good deeds, and who is wise and good to men. 
 
 "When the Sah-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis saw these 
 things, he was very angry and said, 'I will call Skam- 
 son, the great thunderbird, and we will have rain and 
 
 Jf 
 
il 
 
 t IE 
 
 MADE MAGIC TO CALL THE SAH-HA-LB TAH-MAH-NA-WIS. 101 
 
 ^ 
 
 i 
 
 !i 
 
 201905 
 
THE GREAT WATERS. 
 
 103 
 
 the water will cover the land and kill these men who 
 are evil in their minds.' 
 
 "So then the Sah-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis called Skam- 
 son, the thnnderbird, and they leld ;i conncil about 
 this deed, and when the council wa- done Skam-son 
 shook his winj>s and the rain came for many, many 
 days, and the rivers were full of water and 
 tluMi overHowed. 
 
 "(I'klobet, the silent one, saw these 
 thiufis and he made maj^ic medicine to call 
 the Sah-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis, and then he 
 said, 'Why do the rivers rise while the rain 
 still falls? Soon there will be water (m all 
 the laud. What shall I do for meat?' 
 
 "TIk'u the Sah-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis said 
 this talk, 'Listen, (I'klobet, the silent one. 
 V These men are evil men and they forget the 
 ' Sah-ha-le Tah-umh-na-wis, the great Tyee, 
 and see only Ka-ke-hete, who is the chief of 
 evil deeds. Because of this, the thunderbird, 
 Skam-son, shakes his wings and the rain falls. Xow 
 you who are (I'klobet, the silent one, are not like these 
 men, for you rail Sah-ha-le Tal- iiah-na-wis, the chief 
 of all, and for this you shall be t(dd what to do. (Jo 
 and get your largest canoe, and put all of your spear« 
 
 (D 
 
 I; 
 I' 
 
 i 
 
104 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 
 II 
 
 and nets in it. Put your mats and your bear robes, 
 and all your fine furs in, and plenty of meat and Kam- 
 as. Put your wife and all your children in, and leave 
 room for a rope of cedar bark that shall reach half as 
 far as a boy can walk in one sun. Then get in your 
 canoe and wait.' 
 
 'The great water will rise and como up over the 
 
 U iHM 
 
 MAKING CEDAR BARK ROPES. 
 
 land, and then it will come up to the top of the moun- 
 tains. Wlien it comes up to the top of the highest 
 mountain, then tie your rope to the highest rock and 
 wait again. The waters will come up over the top of 
 
THE GREAT WATERS. 
 
 105 
 
 the highest mountain and up until you have no more 
 rope, and then it will stop and go back again until 
 there is no water but the rivers and the great water 
 as it is now. I have spoken.' 
 
 "And then the Sah-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis went 
 away. 
 
 O'KLOBET LOADED HIS BIGGEST CANOE. 
 
 "So then CJ'klobet, the silent one, did all these 
 thi'gH that the Tah-niah-na-wis had told him and 
 waited, and still Skam-son, the thunderbird, shook his 
 Avings for the rain to fall until it came to the top of the 
 mountain and then G'klobet tied his rope. 
 
 If 
 
106 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "When the other people saw what O'klobet, the si- 
 lent one, was doing, they loaded their canoes and 
 made cedar bark ropes, too, and when the water came 
 to the top of the mountain they tied their ropes to the 
 rock, too, and as the water »qme up they all let rope 
 
 THE OTHER CANOES DRIFTED AWAY. 
 
 out until they had no more left, and then the canoes 
 broke loose and floated away, all but G'klobet, who 
 had much rope, and whose canoe did not break loose, 
 but staid there and came down by the top of the moun- 
 
THE GREAT WATERS. 
 
 107 
 
 tain, ami so (r'klobet ^ot back to his home again when 
 the Avaters went away. 
 
 "But the canoes that broke loose drifted away, and 
 came down in other places, and so all the tribes of 
 men came from these, and because they were scat- 
 tered, and because they saw that Ka-ke-hete, the chief 
 of the demons, could not stop the water from rising, 
 they became better men and talked with Sah-h>i-le 
 Tah-mali-na-wis, and became wise. 
 
 "And so that was how the water left the sign on 
 the mountain tops, and how the men came to be all 
 over the land." 
 
 S() said the Talking Pine, the Wise One, as I sat by 
 his feet and watched the smoke of the Chinoos blow 
 away with the wind, there by the Lake of the 
 Mountains. 
 
O-NIGIIT we will have the tale of 
 the Crow Childreu, T'solo, the wau- 
 derer," said the Talking Pine, when I 
 had pulled the anoe up ou the sand 
 and sat <h»wn bv his feet. 
 "Then I listen, \Vise One," I answered. 
 "This is a story for children who do not mind their 
 parents," said tlie Wise One, "and it is a warning to 
 them to be good and listen to the voice of their elders, 
 for who knows but they may all be changed to croAvs 
 at some time, if they do not? 
 "The tale is like this: 
 
 "Once there was a woman who was the wife of a 
 chief, and who had two children; she loved the chil- 
 dren very much and always took them with her when 
 she went away from the lodge. 
 
 108 
 
!*• 
 
 
 Pi 
 
 ! 
 
 il ^ 
 
 THEY ANSV BRED WITH THE VOICES OF CROWS. 
 
 109 
 
 
THE CROW CHILDREN. 
 
 Ill 
 
 "One time in the moon of the falliu*; leaves she took 
 them in the canim and went across the water to get 
 some spruce boughs which the Indians use to collect 
 salmon eggs on, as you know, T'solo. 
 
 "She pulled the canoe up on the sand and told the 
 
 
 S^^^^^, 
 
 LEFT THEM BY THE CANOE. 
 
 children to stay close by it while she went into the 
 woods and cut the spruce boughs, and then she went 
 away and left them there. 
 
 "When she came back both the children were gone, 
 and had only left tracks in the sand uj) to the edge of 
 
 ' ■ I 
 
112 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 the woods. The mother followed into the woods, and 
 called them many, many times, and always they an- 
 swered her with the voices of crows. 
 
 "Now the mother was very sa<l when she found they 
 were lost and she called her Tah-mah-ua-wis to help 
 
 AND SO IT WAS HE CARVED THE TOTEM POLE. 
 
 her find them, but the Tah-mah-na-wis told her they 
 had walked into the woods, and that the Skall-lal-a- 
 toots had changed them into crows; that they must 
 always stay in the woods, and could not be changed 
 
THE CROW CHILDREN. 
 
 118 
 
 back into their proper form agaiu because of tlie uiaj^ic 
 of the Skall-lal-a- toots, and so they were lost for all 
 time. 
 
 "So then the mother went back and told her hus- 
 band and wept many, many days, and the chief had 
 
 the story 
 carved in the 
 great Totem 
 pole in the 
 front of the 
 lodge, and 
 there you will 
 see it to-day, 
 and it is cut in all the totem poles of the Crow totem 
 as a warning to all children not to disobey their pa- 
 rents, and it can be read there by all who can read 
 carvings." 
 
 This was the story of the Crow children, and it is 
 a good story to remember, for it is not good for chil- 
 dren to disobey. When the Pine had finished 1 said 
 "Klook-wah" to him and paddled away across the Lake 
 of the Mountains to wait until another time. 
 
 The Crow. 
 
 S 
 s 
 

 HEN I next saw the Wise One I had 
 been on a Joug journey on the big 
 water, and there on a lonely island 
 away toward the home of Colesuass, 
 the winter, I had looked upon Kit-si- 
 nao, the Stone Mother, who sits in the side of the rock 
 and weeps always. I did not know the story of this, 
 though I knew it must be a story, for the mother would 
 not be changed to stone for nothing, and have to stay 
 there always, instead of going to the land of Shadows, 
 and living there again, as all people do who have not 
 done bad deeds. 
 
 So then I said to the Talking Pine, "Do you know 
 the story of the stone woman, Kit-si-nao, who sits 
 alone on the mountain, Wise One?" 
 "Yes, I know of KIt-si-nao, the one who weeps alone," 
 
 114 
 
) I 
 
 B fZ y- ,1., 
 
 
 d 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 o 
 r 
 
 H 
 
 ■••s 
 
 
KIT-Sl-NA-O. THE STONE MOTHER. 
 
 117 
 
 said the Talking Pino. "Would you like to bear the 
 story, T'solo, the wanderer?" 
 
 "Tell the story, Wise One. I listen." 
 
 "Then this is the tale: 
 
 "Once, a long time ago, this woman, ICit-si-nao, lived 
 
 SKOOLT-KA HAD ONLY ONE CHILD. 
 
 there on that island and was happy, for she had many 
 sons and daughters tn make her heart glad, and she 
 loved them d irly. 
 
 "This was f. jod, for it is well to have many sons and 
 daughters. 
 
118 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "Kit-si-nao was of the Crow totem, and in the same 
 island was another mother who was of the totem of 
 Ilootza, the wolf, and who was Skoolt-ka. 
 
 "Now this woman, Skoolt-ka, the wolf, had only one 
 little child, and this one was small, and not strong, 
 
 THE TRIBE OF HOOT-ZA MET IN COUNCIL. 
 
 like the children of Kit-si-nao, the crow, but Skoolt-ka 
 loved it all the more because it was all she had, and 
 was small and weak. 
 
 "One day in the moon when birds nest, this child 
 was playing by the lodge door when Kit-si-nao came 
 
 1 
 
 # 
 

 "^^^■''y/zna^/^y. ///^/'y^-:^^ 
 
 
 '^:>^;^^"^^ 
 
 -■'/'. 'i 
 ^^'-^.^v 
 
 ^^w.^^m^^'myx^. 
 
 
 ryj 
 
 ^ '^\ / 
 
 ...^^ y ^ ^/ ^y:J /^ 
 
 
 •V'^'x;^ 
 
 
 HmiNiiii 
 
 :.-y 
 
 
 f-r/'.- 
 
 
 THE TRIBE OF HOOT-ZA UAN TO HER LODGE. 
 
 119 
 
KIT-SI-NA-0, THE STONE MOTHER. 
 
 121 
 
 by and she laughed at it, and made fun because it was 
 a weak child, and did not run like her children did. 
 
 "Then the child began to cry, and Skoolt-ka came 
 and heari^ the words of Kit-si-nao. Then her heart 
 was heavy because of this, and she sat and mourned 
 a long time, so long that her Tah-mah-na-wis, IToot-za, 
 the wolf, came and said, *Why do you weep?' 
 
 " *I weep because my thoughts are heavy with the 
 words of Kit-si-nao,' said Skoolt-ka. 
 
 " *And what are the words of Kit-si-nao, give me the 
 talk,' said Hoot-za, the wolf, and then Skoolt-ka gave 
 him the talk of Kit-si-nao this way : 
 
 "*Ho! Ho! You are the little one! You do not run. 
 Your feet are tender, and the stones hurt you. You 
 must ride on the back of your mother. You have no 
 brothers and no sisters and you are always by your 
 mother's door. Why do you not play with the other 
 children? Because you are afraid. Ho! Ho! You are 
 the little one.' 
 
 "When Hoot-za, the wolf, heard of this talk, he was 
 angry, and called all of the tribe of the wolves and they 
 came and sat in a council, and Hoot-za, the chief, told 
 them of the words of Kit-si-nao and asked what should 
 be done. 
 
 "The tribe of Hoot-za then thought deeply, as the 
 
122 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 i; 
 
 council pipe was smoked, and then it was decided tliat 
 Kit-si-nao must be punished for her bad deed of laugh- 
 ing at a little weak child, so the wolves ran to her 
 lodge and killed and ate all the children of Kit-sl-njio, 
 the crow mother, because of her bad deeds. 
 
 THE STONE WOMAN. 
 
 "Then Kit-si-nao was very sad and went up on the 
 mountain where you saw hor and wept all the rest of 
 her days for her children who were gone. 
 
 "As she sat there, Colesick, the keeper of the dead, 
 came and changed her into stone, and left her there, 
 
KIT-SI-NA-0, THE STONE MOTHER. 
 
 123 
 
 as a warning to all people not to laugh at those who 
 are small and weak, and that is why you saw Kit-si- 
 nao, the stone mother, sitting there weeping on the 
 mountain-side by the big water. 
 
 "Now, T'solo, the wanderer, the moon makes a short 
 shadow, and soon Spe-ow will open the daylight box 
 and your paddle is tired from laying in the canoe. 
 Come again when Polikely, the night, is young, and 
 we will have other tales that it is well to know." 
 
 So then I left the Talking Pine, and went to my 
 lodge to wait until another time, and to think about 
 Kit-si-nao, the stone mother, and her deeds. 
 
 r 
 
 i] 31 
 

 1 
 
 HE Talking Pine nodded in friendly 
 greeting as I got out of the canoe 
 and came up to my usual place at the 
 foot of the great tree: 
 "Klahowya, T'solo, the ^/anderer, 
 it is well that you came to-day, for to-day the pines 
 will sing the rain song, and you shall sing with us, 
 for it is a good song and one to know." 
 
 "So be it, \Yise One, 1 will learn the rain song, that 
 I may know it when I am in other lands. It is a good 
 song to know when the air is dry, and you can get no 
 water for your throat. I will learn the rain song of 
 you. Wise One." 
 
 "Come, T'solo, the wanderer, and sit at my feet, 
 where I can spread my arms over you and keep the 
 rain away. 
 "Now when the wind comes all the pines will sing 
 
 124 
 
THE RAIN SONG. 
 
 126 
 
 the wind song and dance the wind dance before they 
 sing the rain song. You know, my friend T'solo, that 
 the wind must always come to help the pines sing, so 
 be not impatient to hear the rain song until the wind 
 can help us." 
 
 So I sat down by the feet of the Talking Piuc, and 
 
 SAT AND SMOKED MY PIPE. 
 
 smoked my pipe and waited for the coming of the wind 
 to see the wind dance, and hear the rain song. 
 
 Soon the wind came slowly out of the Southwest 
 and the pines began to sing and the wind sang with 
 them. At first, so so'tly Tcould scarce hear it, and I 
 
 t J 
 
126 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 asked the Talking Pine, "Do you sing, Wise One?" 
 "Yea, listen," answered he. 
 
 Then I heard the wind song, for it had gathered 
 strength as all the pines began to sing, and I could 
 hear it verj-^ plainly. Then the pines all began to dance 
 and to swing their long arms in time with the song, 
 and to sway and sing until they were all mad with 
 the dance, and 1 thought they would fall. 
 
 The song was wild and 
 mournful, as it always is, 
 and they sing it in the lan- 
 guage of the pines, so one 
 must know their talk to 
 learn the words they sing. 
 I heard them calling 
 the rain to come out from 
 behind the clouds and 
 sing with them. Then the 
 
 Flowers and Grasses. rain rodP doWU with the 
 
 wind, and some rested on the pines, but most 
 of it went on down and sung with the flowers and the 
 grass; for the rain, you know, is restless and cannot 
 stay long in one place. 
 The pines all love the rain and always sing the rain 
 
a 
 
 3 
 a 
 
 a 
 > 
 
 O 
 H 
 O 
 
 ^2 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 127 
 
THE RAIN SONG. 
 
 129 
 
 song when they see it coming in the clouds, so it will 
 stop and sing with them. 
 
 For a long time the pines and the rain sung to- 
 gether, then the rain Tvent away, and the wind went 
 with it, and the pines were left all alone. 
 
 The wind, you know, is never tired, and travels all 
 the time, so the pines always call the wind to help 
 them dance, and they always go to sleep when the 
 wind goes away, and the sun wraps his warm blanket 
 around them. 
 
 . "It was a good dance," said the Talking Pine, when 
 they had finished and the Avind had gone. 
 
 "Come again, T'solo, the wanderer, and I will show 
 you other things, and sing other songs, but now I 
 sleep." 
 
 Then I got in my canoe and crossed the Lake of the 
 Mountains, and left the Talking Pine to sleep out his 
 sleep until another time. 
 
1'SOLO, wanderer, it is a good night for a tale; 
 Snoqualni makes a path on the water, and the 
 Slial-lal-a-toots put his picture in the lake. Wah-wah- 
 hoo, the frog, sings for his wife among the rushes and 
 the night people call from the shadows of the pines 
 with many voices. It i? a night for a tale that has no 
 blood in it, for the smell cV blood in the mind is not a 
 good smell with the riii of a night such as this. It is 
 a smell for daytime and stories of war, not for times 
 of peace and the full leaf of trees. 
 
 "There is a story that goes with the night well, and 
 it is a good tale to know, for it tells of the folly of the 
 young and how it is better to listen to the word of 
 those who are old, and who, by their age, have learned 
 much wisdom. Wisdom is a good thing and it is only 
 the old who are wise, for they are full of years. 
 
 "To-night, then, we will hear of Wah-wah-hoo, the 
 
 130 
 
WAH-WAH-HOO. THE FROG. 
 
 131 
 
 little singer who lives ainonj^ the riishcH over there in 
 the lake." 
 
 This, then, the great Wise One told me about the 
 frog, and how he came to be a frog, and you will re- 
 member that the frog is a little man, and not kill him 
 when you see him, for some day he will be changed 
 
 back to his proper shape 
 again, and there will be no 
 more frogs. It is this way: 
 
 "A long, long time ago, so 
 long that the oldest man can- 
 not remember, there was a 
 great chief, who was the rul- 
 er of everything. 
 
 "This man was the king of 
 all men, and all birds, and 
 all animals and ruled the 
 world and all in it except an- 
 other chief, whose name was 
 Klack-a-mass, and who was always nt war with the 
 great chief. 
 
 "After many years these two got tired of so much 
 war and held a great council talk, for they were In- 
 dians, and Indians always have a council when there 
 is an important question to decide. 
 
 The Great Chief. 
 
 i: 
 
132 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "This council lasted for many days, and before it 
 was dom^, the two chiefs had agreed not to have any 
 more wars. 
 
 "Then they smoked the great peace pipe and blew 
 the smoke to the four winds, so the world would know 
 
 SMOKED THE PEACE F.PB. 
 
 they were at peace, and there would not be any more 
 fighting. 
 
 "Now Klack-a-mass had a daughter whose name 
 was Kla-klack-hah, the woman who talks, and the 
 
 a 
 
WAH-WAH-HOO. THE FROG. 
 
 133 
 
 (A 
 
 great chief had a son whose name was Wah-wah-hoo, 
 
 the singer. 
 "When the peace pipe had been smoked at the great 
 
 council, Klack-a-mass thought it would be well for his 
 
 daughter lo become the wife of Wah-wah-hoo, and 
 
 thus make the two 
 tribes blood relations 
 and stop any fighting 
 for all times. 
 
 "The great chief 
 thought that would 
 be well, too, so it was 
 all arranjied for the 
 
 young folks to 
 
 get 
 
 Wah-wah-hoo. 
 
 married, without say- 
 ing anything to them 
 about it. 
 
 "After the council 
 was over they were 
 told that on a certain 
 
 day they must got married, and thus make the tribes 
 
 blood relations, as the Indians say. 
 
 "Kla-klack-hah thought it was all right and was 
 
 willing to marry Wah-wah-hoo, but Wah-wah-hoo was 
 
 very sad, and did not sing his songs any more, for he 
 
134 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 •i! 
 
 :i 
 
 had long loved a girl of his oAvn tribe named Hah-hah, 
 the one with the bright eyes. 
 
 "When Wah-wah-hoo told the news to Hah-hah, she 
 too was sad, for she loved Wah-wah-hoo dearly, a'' * 
 they had planned to be married when the salmon ber- 
 ries were ripe again, which is in the middle of the 
 summer. 
 
 "They talked and made all kinds of plans to escape 
 the fate that would be theirs if the Tyee insisted on 
 the mariage of Wah-wah-hoo and Kla-klack-hah, but 
 all these plans were thrown away again because they 
 C( uld not be carried out. 
 
 "Closer and closer came the time when W^ah-wah- 
 hoo must leave Hah-hah, and go with Kla-klack-hah, 
 and soon there was only one day more. 
 
 "Then the lovers met in a dell in the forest to say 
 good-bye and part forever. 
 
 "Ilah-hah came with her linest dress of tanned and 
 beaded doeskin on, and wore all her ornaments of 
 Hiaqua shells, and over her shoulders she threw a 
 beautiful shawl of woven cedar bark. 
 
 "Her hair hung in thick glossy braids and her eyes 
 shone bright. 11 er cheeks were red and soft, l(k»> the 
 skin of a peach, and her smile was all sunshine to 
 Wah-wah-l]a)o. 
 
 i, 
 
 ii 
 
 I 
 
 'I 
 
WAH-WAH-HOO, THE FROG. 
 
 186 
 
 il 
 
 I 
 
 "For a long time they sat and talked there among 
 the bright fiovers that grew in the dell, and then Wah- 
 wah-hoo said, 'Let us go away in the woods, far away 
 
 to some other 
 land and live, 
 and forget 
 this place we 
 live in, and 
 ;forget Kla- 
 k 1 a c k-h a h. 
 We will find 
 another land 
 and live there 
 always a n d 
 be happy.' 
 
 "II a h-h a h 
 thought for a 
 time and then 
 she said, 
 *Y e s,' an d 
 W a h - w a h- 
 hoo stood up 
 then and took her in his arms and carried her into the 
 forest. 
 
 "For manv dnvs thev traveled, and at last came to a 
 
 ^'' \x^ 
 
 Carried her into the forest. 
 
 I 
 
136 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 great river and a sunny country tliat was close to the 
 mountaii 'fl'^re we will stop and build a lodge,' aaid 
 Wah-wah-h^ nd we will be safe and can live liappy 
 always.' 
 
 "So Wali-wah-hoo built a lodge of poles and cedar 
 bark and fashioned a canoe out of a cedar log, with 
 fire and the stone hatchet, T'shum-in, and built spears 
 and traps to catch the wild birds and animals for food. 
 
 "Ilah-hah wove nets out of the roots of the hemlock 
 tree for Wah-wah-hoo to catch fish with, and she made 
 mats of rushes to carpet the lodge, and blankets of the 
 soft cedar bark to sleep on, and they lived in peace 
 and happiness. 
 
 "Now the groat Tyee and all the rest of the tribe at 
 home did not know that the young people were gone, 
 so when the wedding day for Wah-wah-hoo and Kla- 
 klack-hah came around, all the people came to the 
 place dressed in their brightest robes and ready for a 
 great merry making. 
 
 "Kla-klack-hah wore her wedding robes of beaded 
 doeskin, trimmed with bright feathers and had her 
 hair braided in long braids. 
 
 "A great feast was made ready and all the people 
 waited the coming of Wah-wah-hoo to claim his bride. 
 
 "The time passed, and though the people waited un- 
 
WAH-WAH-HOO, THE PROG. 
 
 137 
 
 til the sun went down, VVah-wali-boo never came, for 
 
 he was with Hah-hah then, hurrying away through the 
 
 great forest. 
 "When the sun went down Klack-a-mass, who was 
 
 Kla-klack-hah's father, grew very angry at the way his 
 
 daughter had been treated, and sent for the llyas Tyee 
 
 to find why Wah-wah-hoo did not come. 
 
 "The Tyee oamt^, and wlien Klack-a-mass told him 
 
 the trouble, ordered runners to seek for Waliwah-hoo 
 
 and bring him to the 
 feast at once. 
 
 "All night the run- 
 ners sought and at 
 sunrise they rei)orted 
 that Wah-wah-hoo 
 
 was gone. 
 
 The Eagle circled high. 
 
 "Now they looked 
 for ITah-hah, and she too was gone. Then the 
 Tyee knew they had tied and would not come unless 
 they were caught, and he grew very angry at his son, 
 who dared to disobey the word of the great chief, his 
 father. 
 
 "Then he called a council of all the animals, and 
 birds, and lishes, and told them of the doings of his son. 
 
138 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "To the Eagle he said, 'Fly high and watch for Wah- 
 wah-hoo, and do not let him pass.' 
 
 "To the fishes he said, 'See that they do not go by 
 you on the waters.' 
 "He told the chief of the wolves to smell them out. 
 "The sea gull, the snake, the squirrel, and the chief 
 of the mosquitos were all told to see that the lovers 
 did not pass, and all the other wild things were told 
 to watch that the runaways did not hide. 
 
 "Then the council 
 broke up and the ani- 
 mals began to look 
 everywhere, and it 
 seemed that Wah- 
 wah-hoo and Ilah- 
 hah must soon be 
 captured and brougui 
 back. 
 
 "T'set-shin, the snake, wriggled through the grass 
 and among the tangle of the berry patches to find 
 them. 
 
 "Tyee Eula-kula, the great bald eagle, circled high 
 in the air, and looked down over the hills. 
 
 "The fishes swam the waters and looked for the 
 canoe of Wah-wah-hoo. 
 
 T'set-shin, the Snake. 
 
WAH-WAH-HOO, THE FROG. 
 
 139 
 
 "The squirrels vvatebed among the trees as they ran 
 up and down seeking nuts and pine cones. 
 
 "T'kope kula-kula, the sea 
 gull, watched on the sea. 
 
 "The chief of the wolves 
 smelled the ground and soon 
 found the lovers, but he re- 
 membered that Wah-wah-hoo 
 had once saved his life when 
 he had been caught fast in a 
 trap, so he told all the tribe 
 of wolves not to say where the 
 lovers were. ^'"' Sft"'"*! watched. 
 
 "The chief of the mosquitos found them too, but 
 s^x^---^ — Hah-hah had saved his life 
 
 once and he, too, told all his 
 tribe to disperse and not say 
 'where the young folks had 
 gone. 
 "Now Ki-ki, the blue jaj', 
 ^1' who is chief of all the »kall- 
 lal-a-toots, the fairies of the 
 woods, you know, told all his people to hide the runa- 
 ways, for he was the friend of Wah-wah-hoo, and so 
 
 The Tribe of the Mosquitos. 
 
140 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 the Skall-lal-a-toots worked to hide them, and to send 
 the animals to looking in other places. 
 
 "So the animals looked for many days and did not 
 find Wah-wah-hoo and liah-hah, and they still lived 
 in the lod<j;e by the great river. 
 
 "But the time came when Colesnass, the winter 
 wind, came doAvn from his ice lodge far away in the 
 north, and locked the rivers and the lakes with ice. 
 
 "Then Wah-wah-hoo could catch no more fish, and 
 the snow was so deep he could not hunt, and soon 
 
 THE WOLVES SMELLED THE GROUND. 
 
 there was nothing left to eat in the lodge, and hunger 
 came in the door. 
 
 "Then Yelth, the raven, who is the keeper of the tire, 
 came to the lodge and stole the fire, because Wah- 
 wah-hoo could not give it enough wood to burn. 
 
 "Colesick, who la the chief of the dead, came and 
 took the life of Hah-hah away, and left her dead, and 
 Wah-wah-hoo was sick in his mind for her. 
 
 "Wah-wah-hoo took the body of Ilah-hah and went 
 to the great rock that hangs over the pool in the river 
 at the loot of the falls and sung his death chant. 
 
WAH-WAH-HOO, THE FROG. 
 
 Ul 
 
 "Then he plunged off into the seething, whirling 
 pool, far below, to die there, because Uah-hah was dead. 
 
 "But Wah-wah-hoo did not die. 
 
 "The chief of the fishes saw him when he jumped 
 and he took Wah-wah-hoo, and swimming under the 
 ice, brought him to the lodge of the Hyas Tyee, his 
 
 PLUNGED OFF INTO THE WHIRLPOOL. 
 
 father, and there put him on the shore, and called the 
 Great Chief, who came and found his son. 
 
 "Now the chief was still very angry at his son, so he 
 said, 'You have dared to disobey the will of your fa- 
 ther, who is the Hyas Tyee, chief of all things. You 
 
■p 
 
 142 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 went away into the woods and left your bride before 
 the wedding day. You are not fit for men and I will 
 change your form. Go and be a frog, and sit in the 
 mud, and sing 
 there always, that 
 I may hear your 
 voice and know 
 that you are 
 afraid of men.' 
 
 "So it was that 
 Wah-wah-hoo was 
 changed by his 
 father's magic in- 
 to a frog, and now 
 he sings at night 
 to mourn for his 
 dead wife. 
 
 "Hah-h ah is 
 dead, and her 
 shadow looks for 
 Wah-wah-hoo, but 
 cannot find him,be- 
 cause he is a frog. 
 
 "Hah-hah does not know this, and they say she trav- 
 els over the swamps at night with a strange white light 
 
 The Chief of the Fishes took him. 
 
— 
 
WAH-WAH-HOO, THE FROG. 
 
 145 
 
 in her hand, looking for Wah-wah-hoo, but he is afraid 
 of the light and jumps into the water, because he is a 
 frog. 
 
 "The white men call Uah-hah the 'Will-o'-th'-Wisp,' 
 and sometimes they try to talk with her, but then she 
 only runs away over the swamp and they can never 
 get near her. 
 
 "So now you know who the frog is, and why the Will- 
 o'-th'-Wisp drifts across the bogs at night, because I 
 have told you the tale as it was told to me by the Talk- 
 ing Pine a long time ago, away out close to where the 
 sun goes down by the Lake of the Mountains. 
 
 "You will remember now that the frog's real name is 
 Wah-wah-hoo and that he sings for Hah-hah to come 
 to him, when you hear his voice at night." 
 
 -« 
 
i<;^HlJ^q 
 
 'i 
 
 HEN the leaves turned brown, the 
 third moon after the ripening of 
 the first salmon berry, I journeyed 
 again to the Lake of the Mountains 
 and smoked the Chinoos until the 
 moon rose; then I went in my canoe across the 
 lake, and when the moon was so high as a pine that has 
 seen but one snow, I sat by the foot of the Talking 
 Pine, to see the sight of the Kloo-kwallie, and watch 
 SMoaks, the son of Yelth, the raven, become a Tah- 
 mah-na-wis-man. 
 It was a good sight. 
 
 A fire was started and soon made to blaze high, that 
 the Ma-sah-chee Tah-mah-na-wis would have his power 
 burned away. 
 Paints of many 'Colors were brought out and soon all 
 
 146 
 
KLOO-KWALLIE, THE MEDICINE DANCE. 
 
 147 
 
 the dancers were painted so bright that the Evil Eye 
 was blind. Spud-tee-doek, the protector, was brought 
 and Stood up in the light. 
 
 "Listen," said the Talking Pine, and I heard a loy*^ 
 song that came from a long way, and 
 was faint like the voice of the lake 
 when the wind ripples its face, and 
 the Kloo-kwallie was begun. 
 
 It was a low-toned song that had 
 not many words, yet those words 
 were not in the Twana language, 
 which was spoken by the tribe of 
 S'donks, and the Talking Pine told 
 me he did not know the words, 
 though he had heard them many 
 times wheu he was young. 
 
 Louder it sounded and many 
 voices join 00 in, and then the 
 Klootch-m^^n, who do not dance, 
 wrapped their bark skirts close 
 around them, and sat down to beat 
 drums in time with the chant that 
 Spud-tee-dock. fjip j^^n ^'ere singing. 
 
 Like the beat of the surf on the ocean sand the song 
 rose and feil, louder, and deep, and full, until a great 
 
148 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 noise like the sound of the streets in the town of Squin- 
 turn, the white man across the mountains, came in the 
 air and filled it. 
 
 That was the song of the Kloo-kwallie, the song that 
 nobody knows except the wild men who dance until 
 all are hoo-ie, and their eyes stare and see nothing, 
 like the crazy folks who have looked on the Evil Eye. 
 
 With a great roar of voices and the beating of many 
 drums came the dancers, all in line, and all dancing 
 slow. 
 
 Each one would jump and then stand stiff like a man 
 carved from wood, and then jump again. Around the 
 fire they all moved until they looked like black shad- 
 ows, and the light from the fire went up in the air and 
 made bright the arms of the Talking Pine, and no light 
 showed through the circle because so many were 
 dancing. 
 
 After the men had danced for some time, and the 
 song was fast and the dancing wild, the Talking Pine 
 whispered and told me to watch now and listen, for 
 S'doaks would soon be tested by the fire test. 
 
 As I watched the dancers seemed to get pelton, 
 crazy, the white men say, and two ran up to S'doaks, 
 and caught him, one by the neck and one by the heels, 
 
THEY LOOKED LIKE BLACK SHADOWS. 
 
 U» 
 
KLOO-KWALLIE THE MEDICINE DANCE. 
 
 161 
 
 and they carried him to a small fire that was built to 
 burn slowly. 
 
 Over this fire they held S'doaks, with his back close 
 to it, until it was cracked and burned, and blisters 
 came, and caused pain that would make any but a 
 medicine man moan and cry out. 
 
 HELD S'DOAKS WITH HIS BACK CLOSE TO THE FIRE. 
 
 But S'doaks had strong medicine and laughed while 
 his back burned. 
 
 Then they carried him back and set him down again 
 in the circle to djiice. As he danced around the medi- 
 cine fire, and sung the sono- of the medicine Kloo- 
 
mu 
 
 3 
 
 
 il 
 
 152 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 kwallie, tbe Klootchmau gave liim sticks pointed with 
 sharp bone, and with these he scourged himself until 
 the blood ran down and dried black against his skin. 
 "The other dancers lashed his back and arms with 
 switches, and put cedar splinters that blazed like a 
 
 WITH THESE HE SCOURGED HIMSELF. 
 
 torch against his skin, and S'doaks still danced, for his 
 medicine was strong and his Tah-mah-na-wis made 
 him so he did not feel his hurts. 
 
 Until the moon was straight over the head of the 
 Talking Pine, the dance went on, and S'doaks fell down 
 
a 
 a 
 
 a 
 3 
 
 B 
 
 r 
 o 
 
 d 
 n 
 
 ■n 
 
 US 
 

KLOO-KWALLIE, THE MEDICINE DANCE. 
 
 165 
 
 like a dead man, with liis eyes open, but he eould not 
 see, for his medicine was gone and he was now lilie 
 other people and like a man w^ho is mem-a-loose, dead, 
 you know. 
 
 Then the Mid-win-nie men, who do not dance, took 
 S'doaks and carried him to the medicine lodge and 
 
 brought him back to life again, 
 and in time he got well. 
 
 The Talking Pine told me that 
 tf ihiH he must do as many times as 
 he could, and dance the torture 
 dance of the Kloo-kwallie again, 
 before the moon when the birds 
 s'doakB fell down. uest, and that if he did this, and 
 his medicine was strong so he would not feel his hurts, 
 then he would be a new Tah-mah-na-wis man, and be 
 one of the Mid-win-nie clan and be a doctor. 
 
 This 1 know he did, for I saw him cure a boy who 
 
 had looked on the Evil Eye and 
 was already dead, but the medi- 
 cine of S'doaks was strong and 
 Medicine Pipe. brought the boy back to his body, 
 
 and made him alive again. 
 
 And this was the dance of the Kloo-kwallie that was 
 danced at the foot of the great Talking Pine. 
 
166 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 When it was over 1 got iu my canoe, and crossed 
 back to my lodge, and waited for word to come again 
 from my friend, the Wise One, Ka-ki-i-sil-mah, the Talk- 
 ing Pine. 
 
 : . 
 

 son}*' 
 
 HE wind was singing a war 
 
 and the lake sang with it, while the 
 
 white topped waves were hurrying 
 
 ^^^^^t^i^ against the yellow sand and the rest- 
 
 r "" ;° ~ 1 less canoe that bowed and jumped 
 
 over the water as it looked at the wind. 
 
 The voice of the tribe of the pines came to my listen- 
 ing ear in a low murmur from all the mountain side, 
 as they sang the wind song, and the swing of their 
 arms made music for the wind dance. 
 
 The great Talking Pine was dancing too, and did 
 not stop his song as 1 came up from the sandy beach 
 of the Lake of the Mountains, and sat by his feet. 
 
 "Hest, T'solo, the wanderer, until the dance is done, 
 
 and then we will talk," said the Wise One, and so I 
 
 sat down and looked across the lake at the mountains 
 
 and at the pines. 
 
 The Skall-lal-a-toots are not about when the wind 
 
 157 
 
 1 
 
1S8 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 I 
 
 ■ f 
 
 1:1 
 
 I 
 
 hurries by, ami so there wei'e uo pictures in the lake, 
 and it was only a sheet of hurryiDg, siugiug water. 
 
 VVheu the sun sunk into the great water, and the top 
 of Takomah, tlie great white mountain, began to get 
 like the leaf of a rose, then the wind went away, the 
 
 A SHEET OP HURRYING, SINGING WATER. 
 
 dancing of the pines was done, and the water began 
 to sleep. 
 
 "Now we will hear a tale, T'solo, the wanderer, and 
 it shall be the tale of a river that is by the home of 
 Too-lux, the south wind, and it is a good river, for it 
 
THE RIVER FALLS 
 
wAi^ 1 
 
ABOUT THE RIVER FALLS. 
 
 161 
 
 is wide, and deep, aud strong. 11 is tlie stoi^ of tlie 
 river falls, Tum-chuclv, tbis way: 
 
 • Away back in tlie lime of long ago, tbis river trav- 
 eled to the council of the v.aters just as it does now, 
 but in one place there was a great bridge of stone that 
 
 THE DKMONS FOUGHT A ORKAT KIGHT. 
 
 was built by the Sah-ha-le Tah-niah-na-wis, so that 
 men ccuild go over it witli dry nioccnsins. 
 
 "This bridge was very strong and very beauliful, and 
 It was planted with tr»'es and with grass, and there 
 were Huwers and birds there. 
 
162 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "Now in the mountains on each side of the river, 
 there lived two great Too-muc'{, or demons, and al- 
 ways these (lemons made ma}>ic to kill each other, al- 
 ways, winter or summer, day or night, they made each 
 his cultas medicine. 
 
 "After many, many moons, they fought a great bat- 
 tle and the air was black with their breath. 
 
 "The ground shook with their light, and their roars 
 were like the roar of the great water where the waves 
 come against the sand. 
 
 "They breathed fire and threw great mountain rocks 
 at one au()ther until the people were frightened and 
 ran away. 
 
 "After umny suns the fighting stopped and Hi(» peo- 
 I»le came back again, but the beautiful vaUey of the 
 grejit river was all changed. 
 
 "The grass was dead, the trees were withered, and 
 the great bridge was gone. 
 
 "In the place where the bridge had been was only 
 a heap of broken and jagged rocks, and over these the 
 river roared and boiled in anger as it hurried on to 
 the sea. 
 
 "No man could pass this i)lace in his canoe, no swim- 
 mer could live here f(»r the time of three breaths 
 among the whirljxMds, and ever after the great river 
 
5? 
 
 O 
 
 E4 
 
 n 
 
 o 
 d 
 r 
 o 
 
 <5 
 
 a 
 w 
 
 m 
 
ABOUT THE RIVER FALLS. 
 
 165 
 
 must fret and groan over the rocks of the broken 
 bridge. 
 
 "Far down under the water could be seen the trees 
 that had stood on the bridge, and the Sah-ha-le Tah- 
 mah-na-wis has made them to be stone trees, so that 
 they will always be there, and show where the bridge 
 used to stand a long time ago. 
 
 "And this is how Turn-chuck, the falls in the great 
 river, came to be there, and why they will always be 
 there, for the water to sing a war song with as it goes 
 to the sea. 
 
 "I am tired with dancing and talking now, T'solo, 
 and would sleep. Come again when the night is young 
 and I will tell you of a great battle of the demons, that 
 was fought by the bauks of this same river before Ka- 
 ke-hete was chief of all the demon tribe. It is a good 
 story." 
 
 "So be it, Wise One," I answered, "we will have the 
 demon tale sometime, and now I go to my lodge and 
 wish you a good sleep." 
 
 Then I went with a lazy paddle across the Lake of 
 the Mountains, and slept until the sun came up over 
 the great mountains from the country of Spe-ow. 
 
i^ 
 
 UEKE was a time, Siah Ahnn-n-cut- 
 ty, the time of the long ago, when 
 the mountains smoked and fire was 
 in the air, T'solo, the wanderer, and 
 of that time there is a tale that we 
 will know this night." 
 Thus spoke the Talking Pine when I lit the Chinoos 
 in the story pipe and the blue smoke came free. 
 
 "My ears listen for the tale. Wise One, and the night 
 comes fast, so speak, and we will know the tale," I 
 answered. 
 
 "It is well; this shall be the tale of the demons this 
 
 way, T'solo: 
 
 
 "In the time when the mountains burned there were | 
 
 no people in the land except the demon people. 
 
 the 
 
 tribe of Ka-ke-hete, and they had thoughts only 
 
 for 
 
 fighting and for evil ways. 
 
 
 166 
 
 
 
 
TALE OP THE DEMONS. 
 
 167 
 
 "There was a place not far from the place where 
 the river falls were made, the place where I told you 
 of the stone bridge, T'solo, and this place was a great 
 lake like the Lake of the Mountains, but much larger. 
 
 "Here was the town of the demons and here they 
 built their lodges along the water. 
 
 "Then demons all had long tails, which were very 
 strong, and these they used in battle and they always 
 were fighting. 
 
 THE STORY PIPE. 
 
 "There was a big demon, who was the worst one, 
 and was the Tyee. 
 
 "This one Avas very strong and had much magic and 
 evil thoughts, but he was wise in many ways, and many 
 times he sat still and thought of other things tlian 
 fighting while he smoked his Chinoos. 
 
 "Now this wise demon saw all his tribe fighting, al- 
 ways among themselves, and he said, 'This is not wise, 
 for sometime thej v>ill all kill each other, and there 
 
168 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 ! 
 
 IB ii 
 
 will be no demons left. It is better to live in peace 
 and have no more fighting.* 
 
 "Once in twelve moons all the tribe came together 
 and held a big council, and at one of these councils 
 the demon Tyee made a good talk on the evil of all 
 
 A BIO DEMON WHO WAS THE WORST ONE. 
 
 this fighting and doing other unwise things that they 
 did. 
 
 "This kind of pow-wow coming from the chief of the 
 tribe was something that the demons could not under- 
 stand and they thought he meant evil for them, and 
 
H 
 
 a 
 a 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 H 
 O 
 
 > 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 a 
 o 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 169 
 
TALE OF THE DEMONS. 
 
 Ill 
 
 SO would uot be a y;<)od chief any louger, so all the 
 whole tribe of deinouH j»;ot up to fight the chief to kill 
 him for his ways and this kind of talk. 
 
 "Now the chief knew that he could not fight the 
 whole tribe, so he ran away to save himself, and all 
 the demons ran after him. 
 
 THE GROUND CRACKED OPEN. 
 
 "When he came to the mountains that stood by the 
 side of the lake he struck the ground a mighty blow 
 with his tail, and the ground cracked open, so that 
 the water came rushing in. 
 
172 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "Some of the demous bad already got over before 
 tbe water came iu tbe open phu-e in tbe ground, and 
 others were caught and drowned, and some couhl not 
 get across. 
 
 "The ones that got across still ran after tbe chief 
 of all the demons, and so he struck the ground again. 
 
 THE GREAT RIVER. 
 
 and again it cracked and tbe water rushed in from tbe 
 lake. Tbe first few demons got over, but the water 
 caught many more this time and they were swept 
 away. 
 
TALE OP THE DEMONS. 
 
 m 
 
 "Again tho chief of tlie demons wtriick the ground, 
 and this time it Hi)lit clear across the big mountains 
 and down to the great waters, and through this craclc 
 the water rushed and roared, and made a big river 
 tlmt is the river of the tails as 1 told you, and is the 
 Oregon, when the white men say the name, and the 
 place of the cracks is called *The Dalles,' in the talk of 
 Squintum, the white man. 
 
 "T h e river carried 
 away the lake and it 
 took the bodies of all the 
 demons clear awav to 
 the big water where the 
 sun falls, and now you 
 can see their bones 
 sometimes when the 
 wind makes the great 
 water dig them out of 
 the sand there by the 
 edge of it. 
 "Now when the demon 
 His tail was broken. chief got away and sat 
 
 down to breathe, he found that the last blow had brok- 
 en his tail and that it was useless. 
 "So then he leaped across the place of the cracks, 
 
174 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 i 
 
 and weut homo, for there were uo more (lemons to 
 fie;ht, "'ill so be did not care about his tail. 
 
 *F7'om this family of demons there came all the de- 
 mons ;;f the tribe of Ka-ke-hete and tliey were taught 
 not to fight among their own liind, so they did not 
 need i tail, aiMi now no demon has one, and they 
 only work evil deeds on others, and are ruled ty Ka- 
 ke-hete, who iw the whistler. 
 
 "So chis is (he .story of the demons, and how the 
 great river came, and it is a good tale, T'solo." 
 
 When the tale was finished I took Esick, the pad- 
 dle, and went to the canoe to go to my lodge. 
 
 As the canoe left the sand the Talking Pine called 
 after me and said, "Come to-morrow, T'solo, and we 
 will have other tales, and shall know much wisdom. 
 Klook-wah, til-la-cum." 
 
 And so T journeyed away to my lodge by the Lake 
 of the Mounta^Ko, and thought of these thing.s, and 
 how the ri\er came. 
 

 e>jjst 
 
 O-NIGHT we will know of the Evil 
 Eye, T'solo, the wanderer," said the 
 jj-reat Talkin«^ Pine, as I came to my 
 place by his feet. 
 "It is well. Wise One, tell the tale 
 of the Evil Eye while I listen, Ka-ki-i-sil-mah." 
 So then the tale was told, and it is like this: 
 "Know you, T'solo, the wanderer, that the Evil Eye 
 is an evil thing-, and that it works evil magic on those 
 who look upon it, and he who has this has also an evil 
 mind and will do you hurt. 
 
 "Now if you make enemies with one who has this 
 Evil Eye, then he can work his magic spells and do 
 you great hurt if once you look on his face. This he 
 may not choose to do at the time you look into his eyes, 
 but may do it a long time after, and when he is not 
 near you. 
 
 176 
 
176 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 P! 
 
 :f- 
 
 
 "This power he has so strong, T'solo, that if you are 
 four days journey by canoe away from where he is, he 
 of the evi! eye can yet work his niagie and do you harm. 
 
 "If a man is under tlie spell of the evil eye, T'solo, 
 then he is pelton, crazy, you know, or his feet do not 
 go as he wants them to, because he cannot make them 
 step like other people can because of the spell. Or he 
 may walk and talk as other men, and then fall down 
 upon the grov nd and roll there and his eyes stare and 
 see nothing, and foam comes from his mouth, because 
 of the evil magic. 
 
 "Now in sickness the Ta-mah-na-wis men know what 
 to do, because they can work spells and ftud what kind 
 of animal is gnawi»jg at the sick part and then by 
 charms they can drive this animal of sickness away, 
 and make the sick man well, but when a man has 
 lo(jked on the Evil Eye, T'solo, the wanderer, then 
 there is nothing to do for him, because no magic, nor 
 medicine, nor charm is strong enough to break the 
 spell of the Evil Eye. 
 
 "The Mid-wiu-uie men can do good deeds with medi- 
 cine, T'solo, for they can bring back the life of a dead 
 man from Stickeen, the land of shadows, if they make 
 strong medicine and good charms against Cole-sick, 
 the keeper of the dead, and this 1 know, for I have 
 seen it done. 
 
 'N 
 
THE EVIL EYE. 
 
 177 
 
MAGIC OF THE EVIL EYE. 
 
 179 
 
 "With the sijell of the evil eye it is not so. There is 
 no medicine and no charm that will break this spell, 
 and so the man who has looked on the Evil Eye is no 
 longer a man, but a man's body, 
 which is mem-loose, dead, and is in the 
 koe]>inf!; of a Too-muck, a demon of 
 evil who is there by the magic of the 
 Evil Eye, and who is the slave of Ka- 
 ke-hete, chief of all the demons, ami 
 must do as he says with the man's 
 body. 
 
 "Now when a child is small, T'solo, 
 the charm of the Evil Eye can not 
 hurt it, so there is a way to know 
 when II mail has got an evil eye, and 
 It is this way. 
 
 "When a baby comes to the lodge, 
 strap it on a smooth board of cedar 
 wood, and then fasten a hanging strap 
 to the board ho the child may be hung 
 up on a peg in the lodge pole and be ^ xoo-murk. 
 out of the reach of the Skal-lal-a-toots and always be 
 easy to find. 
 
 "Then a rattle must be hung up in front and the 
 
 A Medicine Man. 
 
 ■ 1 ■ 
 
180 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 
 rattlers must be magic rattlers from the medicine 
 
 lodge. 
 "Now when a visitor comes in say to him, 'See, I have 
 
 a strong baby who is always of 
 a smiling face, and laughs at 
 the sound of the rattle.' 
 
 "The visitor will walk over to 
 see the baby and there hangs 
 the rattle and this he will 
 shake to see if the baby always 
 laughs at it. If the baby 
 laughs then the visitor has 
 good magic, but if the baby 
 cries, it is because of the evil 
 it looks upon in the eye of the 
 
 stranger, and it is well to get the visitor outside of 
 
 the lodge curtain. 
 
 "That is the way to find the Evil Eye, 
 
 T'hoIo, and it can work no spell as long 
 
 as it is in Hie same lodge where the baby 
 
 is, but be very careful that you do not 
 
 look upon tin* fnce of such a man after 
 
 he leaves the lodge, for then the spell Medicine »ag. 
 
 is on and evil will come unless .you always sleep with 
 
 a Skal-lal-aye mask hung to the lodge pole over your 
 
 Charm Mas'i. 
 
 

 A UAUY OF A SMILING FACE. 
 
 X81 
 
J 
 
MAGIC OF THE EVIL EYE. 
 
 188 
 
 head, to work the evil away and keep it outside of the 
 lodge curtain. 
 
 "There is a charm to carry in your medicine bag that 
 is a protection against the magic of the Evil Eye too, 
 T'solo, the wanderer, but I do not know what this 
 charm is, and you must give two beaverskins to the 
 Mid-win-nie man to give it to you. 
 
 "So remember, T'solo, wanderer, do not look on the 
 face of a man who has the Evil Eye if you would walk 
 straight and never be a pelton Siawash, a crazy man." 
 
 This the Talking Pine said of the Evil Eye, as I sat 
 there, and when he was finished 1 got in the canim and 
 journeyed back to my lodge by the Lake of the Moun- 
 tains, to think heavy thoughts about the evil ways 
 of these things. 
 
 m 
 

 i 
 I 
 
 \ 
 
 \y NCE there was a fjreat hunter who 
 was Touats," said the Talking Pine, 
 when I aslced him for a story. 
 
 "Now this man Touats was a great 
 rogue, as well as a great hunter, and 
 he did some deeds that a good hunter should not do, 
 because a good hunter loves the wild things, and is of 
 a broad mind, and a keen eje, and is a good man to 
 the world. But this man Touats was not a good man, 
 for he did not do good deeds. 
 "This is why: 
 
 "Once he traveled a long distance to see the great 
 chief of all the tribe of Hoots, the bear, and came to 
 his lodge. 
 
 "Hoots, the bear, was not at home, but his wife told 
 Touats, the hunter, to come in and wait, and soon the 
 bear would come back. So Touats went in and began 
 
 184 
 
FOUND HER WITH TOUATS AT THE SPRING. 
 
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CONCERNING A HUNTER AND A BEAR. 
 
 187 
 
 to talk to the wife of Hoots, the bear, and made love 
 to her, but she did not like Touats, the hunter, and 
 
 when Hoots came back she 
 told him of the way Touats 
 had talked to her. 
 
 "This made Hoots very an- 
 gry and he drove the hunter 
 away. The hunter did not go 
 very far, but waited in the 
 The Grouse. woods uutil he saw the bear 
 
 go on a journey and then he came back to the lodge of 
 Hoots and again made love to his wife. 
 
 "This time she was not angry with the hunter, but 
 listened to bis songs for a long thue, 
 and then Touats went away before the 
 bear came back. 
 
 "When Hoots came back he found 
 his wife very much confused and afraid 
 of him, so he suspected that Touats, 
 the hunter, had been back, and told his 
 wife that she no longer loved him, but^ 
 that she had heard the songs of Touats. 
 
 "This she denied, though she knew it was so. Hoots, 
 the bear, still was not satisfied that she had told him 
 the truth, a I'd watched her go for wood and water for 
 
 Touats. 
 
188 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 the lodge, and found that she Avas gone a long time, 
 so he tied a magic cord to her robe, and when she did 
 not come back, he followed this cord and found her 
 Avith Touats, the hunter, at a spring. 
 "Now Hoots was very angry, and to punish his wife 
 
 fii'/iiH '?t 
 
 INDIAN DRAWING ON ROBE OP THE HUNTER AND THE BEAR. 
 
 for her bad ways he told her he would change her into 
 a grouse, and so iie did, and now she sits in the forest 
 and mourns all the time because of her bad deeds. 
 
 "Then he said to Touats, the hunter, 'You have stol 
 en my wife and made my lodge fire cold. You are like 
 
!,'».^V» 
 
 
 
 
 
 TOUATS AND HOOTS FOUGHT A GREAT FIGHT. 189 
 
' 
 
 mmm 
 
 HOOTS, THE BEAR— HAIDA INDIAN DRAWING, 191 
 
 figures on the paws «re Bupposed tp represent tfte Huijter «»<J Bear Story. 
 
Iri 
 
CONCERNING A HUNTER AND A BEAR. 
 
 193 
 
 T'set-shin, the snake, who crawls in through the back 
 of the lodge and bites when your back is turned. You 
 are not fit to live where there are men, and I am going 
 to kill you.' 
 
 •^•-^o then Hoots, the bear, and Touats, the hunter, 
 fought a great fight for many days and at the end 
 Touats was dead and Hoots was all alone." 
 
 And this was the story of the hunter and the bear 
 that was told by the Talking Pine, and many times 
 since that, I, T'solo, the wanderer, have seen the pic- 
 ture writing of it on many robes and have read it in 
 the carving on the totem poles of the family of the 
 bear. 
 
 This story is a good story to remember, for it shows 
 well that those who do bad deeds are sure to be pun- 
 ished and be very sad when it is too late. 
 

 ELL me, Wise One, how did the 
 blue jay, Ki-ki, come on the earth?" 
 This I asked the great Wise Pine 
 when I had put the coal of fire on the 
 Chinoos in the pipe, and the smoke 
 was coming blue. 
 "The tale of Ki-ki, the blue jay, is not a tale of it- 
 self, but is the tale of Doak-a-batl, the maker, and to 
 know of Ki-ki, I must tell you the other tale too," an- 
 swered the Pine. 
 
 "Then tell the tale. Wise One, for my ears are open 
 for the tale and I would know of these things." 
 
 "Then if you listen. Wanderer, it is the tale of Doak- 
 a-batl, this way: 
 
 "Many, many winters ago, there were not many men 
 in the world, and these men were not like the men we 
 
 194 
 
DOAK-A-BATL. THE MAKER. 
 
 195 
 
 see now, for their thoughts were the thoughts of chil- 
 dren and they had not many wants. 
 
 "After a time the great Tah-mah-na-wis, who was 
 Doak-a-batl, the maker, came up out of the great 
 water where the Sun has his lodge, and walked on the 
 land. 
 "At this time all the people were living in huts and 
 in holes in the ground, and in hol- 
 low trees, and among rocks near a 
 great river of crystal water which 
 was named Sko-ko-mish. 
 
 "Doak-a-batl, the maker, came 
 by this river and saw the people 
 living this way, and he said, 'Why 
 do you live in holes? You should 
 live in lodges.' 
 
 "So then he built a lodge of 
 
 poles and cedar bark and showed 
 
 the people how to do this to make 
 
 a house to live in, and they have 
 
 built them that way ever since. 
 
 "Then Doak-a-batl walked along through the woods 
 
 until he came to a place where some Klootchmen were 
 
 catching salmon with their hands, and he said, 'That is 
 
 not a good way to get fish. Here, I will show you how.' 
 
 Doak-a-batl. 
 
196 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 So he cut many willow polos and with then he wove 
 a willow weir out in the river in a fashion that would 
 let the fish in, but would not let them out again, and 
 in this way everyone could get many fish, and there 
 would be no one hungry again, and so the Indian 
 women remembered what Doak-a-batl had showed 
 them, and Miey still know how to build the willow trap 
 for salmon. 
 "When this was done Doak-a-batl went on and soon 
 
 saw some 
 men on a ce- 
 d a r log, 
 floating 
 along in the 
 water, so he 
 made them 
 come to the land. Then he made a fire in the 
 log, and burned it out inside, and \u made T'shu- 
 min, the canoe-chopper, and showed them how to cut 
 away the wood, and there was a canoe made for them 
 to travel in. That is how the red men found out how 
 to make canoos. Then Esick, the paddle, was made 
 and all was ready. 
 
 "Then Doak-a-batl, tlie maker, went on and came to 
 the place which is now a marsh, and which is where 
 
 T'shumin, the Canoe Chopper. 
 
 ih 
 
o 
 
 r 
 
 s 
 
 197 
 
y 
 
DOAK-A-BATL. THE MAKER. 
 
 199 
 
 the river ends and the great water is, and there he 
 slipped and fell. 
 
 "Then he cursed the land and made the water come 
 up and cover it, and there was a great marsh for a play- 
 ground for Ena-poo, the muskrat, who sits in the sun 
 
 A MEDICINE MAN DANCING. 
 
 like a little brown ball, and who builds a lodge of 
 : dshes and mud. 
 
 "When the marsh came then Doak-a-batl put the 
 rushes and the cat-tails in it, and showed the women 
 how to make mats for the lodge floor out of them, and 
 
200 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 SO it was a good deed, for it punished the land and 
 made good mats for men. 
 
 "After this was done Doak-a-batl went on and soon 
 heard a great noise, and went to see what it was. There 
 he found a medicine man who was dancing a foolish 
 dance, and was singing *ki! ki! ki!' 
 
 "This medicine man had much blue paint on and his 
 hair was tied up so it stuck straight up on his head, 
 and he was not a good sight to look at, so Doak-a-batl 
 said to him, 'Vhat are you doing?' 
 
 "The medicine 
 man said, 'I am 
 making medi- 
 cine.' 
 
 "Then Doak- 
 a-batl said, 'You 
 are foolish, and 
 do not know the ways of medicine, you are not wise 
 in the ways of Tah-mah-na-wis, and are not tit to be 
 of the Mid-win-nie clan. For this I will change your 
 form. Go and be a blue bird, Klale-kula-kula, and be 
 known to men by your song, Ki! Ki!' 
 
 "So by the magic of Doak-a-batl the foolish Tah- 
 mah-na-wis man was changed and there was Ki-ki, the 
 blue jay, and he was the first one of that kind of bird. 
 
 Enapoo, the Aluskrat. 
 
LEFT THUKE BIO TRACKS. 
 
wsm 
 
 DOAK-A-BATL, THE MAKER. 
 
 "That is why the blue jay has a crest, because the 
 hair is his top-knot. 
 
 "Then Doak-a-batl journeyed on to the north and 
 close by the mountains that are by the great water, 
 he stepped on a big fiat rock, and left his tracks, three 
 times, and there you will see it now, so that if men 
 forget his deeds, they will always remember them 
 again when they see the tracks of Doak-a-batl in the 
 rock. 
 
 "From this place nobody knows where he went, and 
 so Doak-a-batl is gone from the minds of men, and 
 thej' do not know how he looks, and remember only 
 his deeds." 
 
 This was the story of Doak-a-batl as I listened to the 
 tale from the Talking Pine, there by the Lake of the 
 Mountains, in the land of T'set-se-la-litz, the country 
 of the Sundown, a long time ago. 
 
 I SI 
 
..^-:^^^ 
 
 HEN the world was young and dark- 
 ness ruled everything, a strange 
 thing happened," said the Talking 
 Pine, as I came and sat down in my 
 accustomed place to listen to the 
 tales. 
 "And what was this strange thing, Wise One?" I 
 asked. 
 
 "It was this," said the Talking Pine, "this, the birth 
 of the Sun." 
 
 "I would hear the tale. Wise One," I answered, and 
 then he told me of this happening: 
 
 "A long, long time ago, the world was in darkness 
 and people did not have the sun and moon in the sky 
 to give them lijrht. At this time there was an aged 
 
 204 
 
samm 
 
 FOUND HIS BROTHER OCCUPYING HIS PLACE, 
 
 205 
 
BIRTH OF THE SUN. 
 
 207 
 
 woman who had a son, who was a bright, cheerful boy, 
 and was much loved by his mother. 
 
 "This boy went to see his grandmother at one time 
 and stayed with her many days. When he started 
 home again through the forest he was stolen by Ka- 
 ke-hete, the chief of the demons, and carried away 
 beyond the mountains, where, if any one tried to fol- 
 low, the mountains would close together and crush 
 whatever was between them. 
 
 "While he was in the country of the demons the 
 boy learned much magic and became a great Tah-mah- 
 na-wis man, and then by his magic powers, found a 
 wav out of the country and back to his own tribe 
 
 again. 
 
 "Now when this boy was stolen, his mother was very 
 sad and mourned for manj' days, because she thought 
 she would never see her son again, and to comfort 
 her in her loneliness, Spudt-te-dock, the protector, 
 gave her another son. 
 
 "The second son also grew to be a bright boy, and 
 was loved by all who knew him, and loved most by his 
 mother. 
 
 "Now time went on, and after many snows had 
 passed, the first son came back and found his brother 
 
208 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 occupying his place at home. Instead of welcoming 
 his brother, the wanderer became angry at him, and 
 said he would change him into the moon, and he 
 should be chief of the night, while he would use his 
 magic and change himself into the sun and rule the 
 day. This he did, and the first day began. 
 
 "As the older brother, who was the sun, climbed up 
 the sky, it began to get very hot, for he was very an- 
 gry and shone fierce and bright. 
 
 "Soor the rivers dried up, the 
 grass and trees wilted, and the 
 people began to die of the heat. 
 "When the sun saw these 
 things, he saw that he was too 
 strong, so he changed things 
 about and made his younger and 
 weaker brother be the sun, and 
 The Moon Boy. ^^^ ^ook his brother's place as the 
 
 moon, and things went along all right as they do to 
 this day. 
 
 "Now you can see the man in the moon on any bright 
 night, and if you could see hard enough, you could 
 see the boy in the sun, but the sun is too bright to look 
 at and the boy is not easy to find. This, then, is how 
 the days and nights started." 
 
BIRTH OF THE SUN. 
 
 211 
 
 So said the Talking I»iue, tliere by tlie Lal;e of tlie 
 Mountains, a long tinio ago, and he is wise and knows 
 how all these things come about. 
 
LONG time ago the .world was differ- 
 ent from what it is now. There was 
 no light, no sun, no moon to shine, 
 and no stars to twinkle at night, no 
 big pine trees, and nothing was as it is now. The peo- 
 ple went about in darkness, and did not know what 
 light was. 
 
 "Would you like to know how it was all changed 
 about so that we now have a beautiful world to live in, 
 instead of a barren one that is all dark?" 
 
 So said the Talking Pine when I got out of my canoe 
 and sat at the foot of the great tree by the Lake of the 
 Mountains. 
 
 "Yes, Wise One," I answered, "tell me how these 
 things were changed, and how it all happened, for I 
 
 S18 
 
^ 
 
 SPE-OW AND THE SPIDER. 
 
 213 
 
 «* 
 
 would know more of the world and its people who lived 
 before I was born." 
 
 "It is well," said the Great Tree, "now sit by my feet 
 and listen, and I will tell you the tale this way: 
 
 "When the world was all in darkness, it was ruled 
 over by a strange chief, whose name was Spe-ow, the 
 grandson of Ki-ki, the blue jay. 
 
 "They say that Spe-ov/ was once an Arctic fox, and 
 that Ki-ki, his grandmother, was not satisfied with 
 him that way, and so changed him into Spe-ow, who 
 was a man. 
 
 "Now Spe-ow was a very strange man to look at, be- 
 cause he was dHTerent from all other men. lie was a 
 short, fleshy man, with ears like a fox. His eyes were 
 jet black, but were not like our eyes, for they were 
 placed at the end of horny knobs that stuck out from 
 Speow's brow. A lobster has eyes like the eyes of 
 Spe-ow. 
 
 "In his mouth were two great tusks like the fangs 
 of a cougar. 
 
 "Mis nose was shiyp and pointed, and he wore a 
 long white beard that reached below his waist. 
 
 "For covering he wore a coat made of the skins of 
 the Mountain Goat, and the four buttons on this coat 
 were made of four live blue jays. 
 
214 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "I said Spe-ow was a small man, but really he was 
 a very big giant, only he was a great deal smaller than 
 the other giants who lived at the same time that 
 Spe-ow did. 
 
 "Spe-ow could change himself into any shape he 
 wanted to, and could change the shape of other things 
 as well, lie could cut himself to pieces and put him- 
 self together again, and do many 
 other wonderful things. His body 
 could be killed and skinned, but that 
 would not kill Spe-ow, because of his 
 
 magic. 
 
 "This, then, is the strange man 
 who was the chief of the people when 
 the world was all in darkness. 
 
 "Now it happened that Spe-ow 
 was walking along one day and 
 jf came to a place where a beam of 
 Spe-ow. light came down from above, and 
 
 there he saw a rope which hung down from some- 
 where. Then the blue jay came along and said, 'Let us 
 see what this is.' 
 
 "So Ki-ki, the blue jay, flew up a little way and 
 called to Spe-ow to climb up on the rope. Up climbed 
 Spe-ow, and up flew the jay, until at last they came 
 
THE MOON CHIEF FOUND HIM IN THE TRAP. 215 
 
>» 
 
 ki 
 
SPB-OW AND THE SPIDER 
 
 217 
 
 to a hole in the sky, and climbed out into another 
 countrj^, which was much like this world is now. 
 
 "Spe-ow did not know what might happen to him, or 
 whom he might meet in such a strange country as this 
 was, and thought he had better look around a bit. 
 
 "So he changed himself into a beaver and went into 
 a swamp that was close by, to wait and see what might 
 happen. 
 "While he was traveling through the swamp in the 
 
 shape of a beaver poor Spe- 
 ow got caught in a trap and 
 was held fast until the moon 
 chief, who is S'noqualm, came 
 and found him. 
 
 "Now S'noqualm thought 
 he had caught a nice, fat bea- 
 ver when he found Spe-ow, 
 so he took his club and killed 
 Spe-ow's beaver body, and took it to his lodge, where 
 he skinned it, and stretched the hide over a bent wil- 
 low stick to dry, and hung the body up in his lodge to 
 wait until he should want some beaver soup. 
 
 "Though his beaver body was dead, Spe-ow was still 
 alive, and he thought he would wait and see what the 
 moon chief would do next. 
 
 Kl-kl, the Blue Jay. 
 
I 
 
 218 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "While Spe-ow waited, the chief of the spiders came 
 
 into the lodge of S'noqualm and by their talk Spe-ow 
 
 found that it was he who had lowered the rope down 
 
 from the sky to the earth, where Spe-ow found it. 
 
 "By and by S'noqualm and the spider went out of 
 
 the lodge and S'noqualm 
 soon came back carrying 
 the Sun, the stars, and the 
 box that held the daylight. 
 These he put on a shelf 
 and again went out. Spe- 
 ow thought that was a good 
 chance to make his world 
 bright, so ht made himself 
 come to life again, and 
 
 changed himself back to 
 
 his proper shape. Then he 
 
 took the Sun and put it un- 
 
 spe-ow threw up the Sun. ^ev his arm. The stars he 
 
 put under the other arm, and took the box that was 
 
 full of daylight in his hands. 
 
 "Then he ran for the hole in the sky, calling to his 
 grandmother, Ki-ki, the blue jay, to follow him. On the 
 way he pulled up three great pine trees, which by his 
 magic he made small like little bushes. With all these 
 
SPE-OW AND THE SPIDER. 
 
 219 
 
 things he started down the rope with Ki-ki, but he was 
 in such a great hurry that he dropped the stars and 
 they scattered all about and stuck to the sky, and 
 there you will see them to-night. 
 
 "Spe-ow reached the ground safely with the other 
 things, and at once opened the 
 daylight box and threw the Sun 
 up in the air, and there was the 
 first day on earth. 
 
 "Then he started the pine 
 trees to growing, and soon they 
 covered the whole land like they 
 do in that country now. 
 
 "When S'noqualm found that 
 some one had stolen the Sun, and 
 the stars, he was very angry, and 
 went to the hole in the sky and 
 looked down. There he saw Spe- 
 ow at work planting the trees, 
 and saw the Sun high up in the air, where Spe-ow. had 
 thrown it, so he started to climb down and get them 
 back again. 
 
 "He only climbed a little way when the rope broke 
 and S'noqualm fell down to the ground, and Spe-ow, 
 by his magic, changed S'noqualm and the rope into 
 
 S'noqualm fell to the Ground. 
 
TOTEM TALES. 
 
 stone, and you can see them there to-day, not far from 
 the mountains, and in the great pile of rocks is a face 
 that is the face of S'noqualra, the moon chief. 
 
 "Now the moon chief, being dead, made the sky 
 dark, and there was no moon any more until the great 
 
 Tah-mah-na-wis saw that it was 
 missing and changed the daughter 
 of a wicked old SkalMal-a-toot into 
 the moon and put her in the sky 
 country. She is still there to make 
 the night light. 
 
 "When the spider chief found that 
 his rope was broken and gone, he 
 called his tribe of ;3piders together, 
 and let them down to look for his 
 lost rope. You can see the spider 
 people even now on warm summer 
 days sailing along on their little 
 ropes that break loose from the sky 
 and let them fall, too. 
 "They can never find the chief spider's rope, because 
 it was turned to stone by the magic of Spe-ow. 
 
 "When Spe-ow got evcything to suit him he threw 
 the Sun up into the air every day, and it fell in the 
 great water every night. Then Spe-ow Avould shut the 
 
 S'noqualm. 
 
SPE-OW AND THE SPIDER. 
 
 221 
 
 daylight box and make night, so no one could see him, 
 and go and bring the Sun back. 
 
 "When he got back he would open the daylight box 
 to make it morning again, and throw the Sun up in the 
 air. 
 
 "This he does to this day. 
 
 "Now Spe-ow throws the Sun just the same distance 
 every day, but in the winter, wiien the rains are heavy 
 and the snow deep in. the moun- 
 tains, the rivers are flooded and it 
 takes Spe-ow longer to travel from 
 his lodge to get the Sun, so the 
 nights are long in the winter. 
 
 "People don't care for this, be- 
 cause they can't work so well in 
 the winter anyhow, and like to^ 
 sleep more. 
 
 "In the summer time the weath- '^''^ "^^^^ ^p"'"- 
 er is warm and Spe-ow don't have so much trouble in 
 traveling, so he gets back to open the daylight box 
 sooner and the days are a good deal longer, so people 
 can do more work then. 
 
 "Only once has Spe-ow ever been seen by men, and 
 that was many years ago. 
 
 "A party of Indians were camping on Ca-mah-no 
 
222 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 island one time, and Spe-ow came upon the bluff above 
 them. He was covered with a curious light like you 
 see in rotten wood sometimes, and when the Indians 
 saw him he was so angry that he kicked half of the 
 island over on the Indian camp and buried it, and so 
 only one man escaped, and he told the story of how 
 Spe-ow looked. 
 
 "Now all Indians 
 
 who pass by the place 
 
 in their canoes mourn 
 
 ^ and cry for the dead 
 
 ^^-^ ones, who lie under 
 
 the water there. 
 
 "This, then, is the 
 story of Spe-ow, who 
 lives over across the 
 mountains and is keep- 
 er of the Sun." 
 So said the Wise One, the great Talking Pine, who 
 lives by the Lake of the Mountains, in the land of 
 T'set-se-la-litz, the country of the sundown. 
 
 Spe-ow kicked the Bluff over. 
 

 HEN I sat by the feet of the Talking 
 Pine the next time, the sun was 
 just falling down behind the great 
 waters, and there were long shad- 
 ows on the Lake of the Moun- 
 tains. The water was red, like the blood that comes 
 from the throat of a killed deer, and there was yellow 
 on the water, too, yellow like Pil-chickamin, the gold 
 that Squintuni, the white man, always seeks. 
 
 There was blue in the shadow of the pines and blue 
 in the sky where the night was coming; but the moun- 
 tain, Takomah, the one that feeds, was white and cold 
 over the head of the pines, all vvhite and blue, and very 
 cold, save the top, and this was red, the red of the sal- 
 mon berry, the red that a great fire paints on the sky 
 at night. 
 It was a good sight, and I watched it tUere, so high 
 
224 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 and grand, and all alune above all the little mountains 
 that reach only to the snow. 
 
 As I sat there my thoughts went far away to other 
 lands, and other mountains, and my body sat still. 
 Then the Talking Pine spoke, and then spoke again be- 
 fore I heard him, and this was his speech: 
 
 "Know you, T'solo, the wanderer, the tale of the 
 great white mountain yonder, Takomah, the white one 
 that feeds, the great chief of the tribe of the moun- 
 tains?" His voice was far away, like a voice in the 
 sleep country, where one goes at night, sometimes, 
 when his body is asleep on the mats in the lodge. 
 
 "No,Wise One," I answered, "I do not know the tale 
 of the great white one yonder, but I see him, once there 
 with his feet on all the tribe of the mountains and his 
 head so high that the olouds can only climb half wav. 
 and again I see lun* in the Lake of the Mountains, 
 standing on his heud like the pines that are painted 
 there by the water Skall-lal-a-toots. Tell me this tale 
 of Takomah, Wise One, while I listen and we smell 
 the smell of Chinoos burning in the pipe." 
 
 "Now-itka, oke-oke klosh; yes, that is good," said 
 the Great Pine, and then he began the tale this way: 
 
 "This tale is a tale of warning, T'solo, and it tells 
 that it is better to take what we have without grum- 
 

 o 
 
 d 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
",<Hi.""»i.>lW!il' 
 
 ■ 
 
" 
 
 TA-KO-MAH. THE MOUNTAIN. 
 
 227 
 
 bling, and so have a good heart, than to want that 
 which we have not, and so not sleep well at night for 
 our thoughts. 
 
 "It is the tale of the old man who wished much Hia- 
 qua, the shell money, and so was taught a great les- 
 son by Tah-mah-na-wis. This is the way: 
 
 "Very many summers ago, when my grand- 
 father's grandfather was only so big as a little 
 flower busli, there lived here by the foot of 
 Takomah an old man, a great hunter and fish- 
 erman, and one who thought the shell money, 
 Hia-qua, the best of all things, and this he 
 wanted. 
 
 "Always the old man thought how to get 
 more Ilia-qua, and in this he was like the white 
 1 1 man, Squintum, who lives across the moun- 
 Hia-qua. tains. 
 
 "Always this man talked to Tah-mah-na-wis, and al- 
 ways he said the same thing, 'Where can I get Uia- 
 qua?' 
 
 "Tah-mah-na-wis is wise and knows it is not well 
 for men to have a great deal of money; no matter if it 
 is the red man and his Hia-ciua, or if it is Squiutum 
 and his gold, it is the same, and it makes men hungry 
 for evil deeds, so the great Sah-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis 
 
 >'i 
 
22S 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 did not give to this old inau the magic that would 
 bring Ilia-qna, for he knew ninch llia-qua would let 
 Ka-ke-hete, the chief of demons, into the man's mind 
 
 "The old man sat and looked at Takomah as y(/' ' • 
 at it now, and it was white and cold, and it seeuitMl to 
 know of how this man's great greed for Ilia-qua made 
 him take even the lip and nose jewels of polished Ilia- 
 qua from starving women when meat was scarce, and 
 give them tough and dry scraps of Moos-moos, the elk, 
 in return. 
 
 "Now the Tah-mah-na-wis of this old man was Moos- 
 moos, the elk, and one day as he hunted on the side of 
 the white one, Takomah, the old man got very tired 
 and sat down to rest, and as he sat there without any 
 thoughts but rest, he heard the voice of his Tah-mul?- 
 na-wis. Moos-moos, the elk, and it whispered magic in 
 his ear. 
 
 "This magic told him where to find much Ilia-qua, 
 so much that he could be the richest of all men and be 
 a Ilyas-Tyee, a great chief. 
 
 "This place was on the top of Takomah, the white 
 one that feeds. 
 
 "When this man knew of the place he w'^' li back to 
 his lodge and said to his wife, 'I am goiu^ (.n a long 
 hunt,' and then he went away at the coonng of night. 
 
TA-KO-MAH. THE MOUNTAIN. 
 
 229 
 
 "The next night he made his bed just below the snow 
 of the niGiiutain, and when the sun came up it found 
 him on the top. 
 
 "He looked down and there he saw a great valley 
 
 HE Wt;\T AWAY AT THE COMING OP NIGHT. 
 
 in the top of Takomah and all was white with snow 
 but one place in the middle. 
 
 "This place was a deep hole in the black rocks and 
 in the bottom of it was a lake of black water. 
 
 "At one end of the lake were three large rocks, and 
 
 y 
 
230 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 .■i^ 
 
 they were Tab-mah-na-wis rocks, for one was shaped 
 lik»' V ^-a^mon's head, the next Was like a Kamas root, 
 and 1 st was like the head of his own totem. Moos- 
 moos, tile elk. 
 "Now when he saw this, he knew where the Hia-qua 
 
 THE BLACK LAKE AND THE TAH-MAH-NA-WIS ROCKS. 
 
 was, so he took his pick of elkhorn and began to dig 
 at the foot of the rock that was like the head of Moos- 
 moos. 
 
 "When the pick made a sound against the rock the 
 first time he struck with it, many otters came out of 
 
 I 
 
mmm 
 
 TA-KO-MAH. THE MOUNTAIN. 
 
 231 
 
 the black lake and sat in a circle, and he counted as 
 many as the lingers of both hands and three more. 
 
 "The otters watched hira, and at the blow of the pick 
 that counted their number, all the otters struck the 
 ground at the same time with their tails. 
 
 "This the man did not pay any attention to, but 
 worked on, and when the sun was just falling into the 
 great water, he turned over a piece of rock and there lay 
 
 many strings 
 of Hia-qua. 
 
 "There were 
 many, many 
 strings, so 
 many that he 
 could not reach 
 the bottom 
 with his arm. 
 "lie would be a rich man and a great Tyee, because 
 no one else had so much Ilia-qua as chis. 
 
 "The otters moved back, knowing ho was a child of 
 the Sah-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis. 
 
 "When he had looked long on the Hia-qua and he 
 was sure he had all this for his own, then he put the 
 strings over his shoulder, one after another, until he 
 
 The Elkhorn Pick. 
 
 
1 
 
 
 232 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 could not walk with luoro. ami started to climb back 
 aud go to his lodge. 
 
 "Not one string did he hang on the Tah-mah-na-wis 
 of the Salmon, or of the Kamas, or the Elk, not one, 
 but started away. 
 
 HE STARTED TO CLIMD OUT. 
 
 "The otters plunged back into the black lake again 
 and began to make the water foam and roar, and this 
 they did until a great storm came and Tootah, the 
 Thunder, came, and Skamson, the Thunderbird. 
 
 "Now everybody knows that Colesnass makes hard 
 
Bmmtmam^maim 
 
 THE WIND THREW HIM OVER THE ROCKS. 233 
 
I i 
 
TA-KO-MAH. THE MOUNTAIN. 
 
 235 
 
 snows in the mountains, but tliis time Huli-lui-le Tali- 
 mah-na-wis was angry with the man who loved llia- 
 qua, and so he helped Colesnass and Tootah to make 
 a very hard storm and he called to the wind to come. 
 
 "The wind came and danced around and around, and 
 took the man and threw him over the rocks and the 
 snow, but he still held to his llia-qua and would not 
 let it go. 
 
 "Too-tah, the thunder, roared, and the wind made 
 things black and made much noise, and there was an- 
 other noise, that was the great anger of the Tah-mah- 
 na-Avis, and then came the voice of Ka-ke-hete, the 
 demon, and the small voices of all his tribe. 
 
 "All these things said Ilia-qua! Ilia-qua! and they 
 laughed at the old man and made him afraid, but he 
 still held to his treasure, and tried to go on. 
 
 "The air grew darker and very hot, and much smoke 
 came and water ran down the mountain. The wind 
 danced and threw the old man about over the rocks 
 and the snow banks, and the tribe of Ka-ke-hete 
 laughed and yelled Tlia-qua! ITia-qua! Hia-qua! 
 
 "Then the old man lost his way and did not know 
 which path to take to go to his own lodge. 
 
 "Now this man thought to make the anger of the 
 
236 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 Sah-lia-le Tah-mali-iia-wis to go away, so he dropped 
 one string of his llia-qua. 
 
 "Just think, T'soh), wanderer, so small was this old 
 man's mind that he only gave one string of all his 
 treasures to the great Sal-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis! 
 
 "The storm grew harder and the air was hot like the 
 breath of the fire, and all the tribe of the demons 
 laughed louder, and great noises came on the wind, 
 and everytliing said llia-qua! llia-qua! Ilia-qua! 
 
 "String by string the old man tlirew away his shell 
 mono}' until the last was gone, when he lay down and 
 went to the sleep country. 
 
 "It seemed a long sleep, but in time he woke up and 
 found he was on the spot where he had camped the 
 night before he climbed to the top of Takomah. 
 
 "lie was very hungry and so dug some Kamas roots 
 and ate them, and then he smoked and had many 
 thoughts. 
 
 "As he sat there smoking he was huloimie, different, 
 from the man who climbed the great mountain. He 
 was not cut on the rocks where the wind had thrown 
 liim, and he was not sore like a man who has fallen 
 down many times, only stifl', and when he moved, his 
 joints made a noise like a lazy paddle on the edge of 
 the canoe. 
 
TA-KO-MAH. THE MOUNTAIN. 
 
 237 
 
 "J lis hair was long- and wliito autl was like the wil- 
 low roots that tang;le together in the wet sand. 
 
 "Tah-mah-na-wis, thought the old man. Now he 
 looked along the side of the great white mountain and 
 it was changed too. New rocks were there that he had 
 
 SMOKED AND HAD MANY THOUGHTS. 
 
 never seen before, and in places where many trees had 
 been there was only clean, white snow now. 
 
 "Rut most of all, he was much changed in his 
 thoughts and was restful in his mind, for he no longer 
 wanted Eia-qua, and riches had no charm for him. 
 
238 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "Takoiiah, tli? great white one, looked down on him 
 and was like a brother, and all the world was 
 glad. 
 
 "He had never wakened on a morning that was 
 calmer, and never had Takomah shone so bright and 
 with so many colors. 
 
 "He put away his pipe and traveled down the ^ ^e 
 of Takomah, but all was new and strange to hii v 
 all was changed. 
 
 "When the sun painted the top of Takomah as it 
 paints it now, he came to the foot of the mountain and 
 there was his own lodge, and before the lodge curtain 
 sat an old woman who was singing a low-toned chant, 
 and when he looked close, he saw that this old woman 
 was his wife. 
 
 "She told him he had been gone many moons, she 
 did not know how many, and all this time she had 
 traded Kamas root and totem plants and now she had 
 much Ilia-qua. 
 
 "This old man's mind was not for Hia-qua now, and 
 he was glad to be at his own lodge and at peace. 
 
 "He gave whatever he had, Flia-qua and good words 
 alike to all, and the men of all tribes came to him for 
 his counsel, how to spear salmon, how to catch game, 
 or how to counsel best w^itb Tah-mab-na-wis, 
 
 '••^--■immm 
 
TA-KO-MAH, THE MOUNTAIN. 
 
 88» 
 
 "So from this tliinj; the old man became a wise meili- 
 cine man, and was much loved by all for his wisdom 
 and good deeds, because of his trip to Takomah. 
 
 "Then there came a time when he journej^ed to 
 Stickeen, the land of the shadows, and his body sat by 
 
 AN OLD WOMAN BY THE LODGE DOOR. 
 
 the lodge fire alone, and so ended the old man who once 
 loved Hia-qua more than life." 
 
 "It is a good tale. Wise One," I answered, "and well 
 to know, for it shows that wisdom is better than all 
 the gold of Squintum, the white man, who lives across 
 
■1 
 
 240 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 'i: 
 
 the mountains, and who tears up the trees and the 
 grass and builds many great stone lodges all at one 
 piiioe, that he may make Mah-kook, and by this trading 
 get much gold. And now I leave you, Wise One, for 
 the stars say there is not much time left for sleep." 
 
T Vt'as u uiglit to sit still and smoke, 
 aud not to talk mucli. 
 The Lake of the Mountains was 
 talking a little talk to the sand and whispering to the 
 willows that hung down and dabbled in its waters and 
 over the water the faint song of the Skall-lal-a-toots 
 came, for they were playing among the tall brown 
 water grass that grew at the end of the lake where 
 Eua-poo, the iiiuskrat, builds his lodge. 
 
 T'zum chuck kula-kula, the spotted water bird, dived 
 ar"k. fishes, and every tii le he got one he came to the 
 top of the water and 1; iighed like a man who is crazy, 
 pelton, you know. This bird is a Loon, in the talk of 
 Squintum, the white man, who lives across the moun- 
 tains, and it is a strange bird, for ft can sink down in 
 the water and no man can see it come up again; it is 
 of the tribe of Ka-ke heto, and is a demon. 
 
 241 
 
242 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 
 For a long time I sat by the foot of the Talking Pine, 
 and smoked but did not speak, then the Wise One said, 
 "What are j'our thoughts, T'solo, the wanderer, that 
 yon sit down like Wah-wah-hoo, the frog, and say no 
 word?" 
 
 "I have thoughts of the carving that I saw once on 
 a journey'. Wise One, the carving of the Bear Mother." 
 "Do you know the tale, T'solo?" 
 "No, Wise One, I have only looked on the carving, 
 
 but from this 
 sight I know 
 the tale is a 
 good tale. Do 
 you know the 
 story, Ka-ki-i- 
 sil-mah, wisest 
 of Pines?" 
 "Yes, I know the tale." 
 
 "Then speak. Wise One, and my ears are open." 
 "Tt is the story of the Bear Mother, this way, T'solo: 
 "There was once a woman who was the daughter of 
 a groat chief, and who was very proud. 
 
 "One time in the moon when little birds learn to fly, 
 this woman wont with many other women of the tribe 
 of T'hlingits, to gather shot-a-lilies, the huckleberries 
 
 The Spotted Water Bird. 
 
INDIAN CARVING OF THE DEAR MOTHER. 
 
 248 
 
THE BEAR MOTHER. 
 
 246 
 
 that grow in the woods, and which the Indians pat 
 into cakes and dry for the time of Colesnass, the 
 winter. 
 
 "Hoots, the brown bear, came to 2"ather berries, too, 
 and the women all made fun of him, because of his 
 
 THE WOMEN MADE PUN OP HOOTS. 
 
 heavy shape, and his slow ways, and the chiefs daugh- 
 ter made more fun than any. 
 
 "Now Hoots, the bear, got very angry and killed all 
 of the women except the chiefs daughter, and her he 
 carried aw .ly to his lodge and made her his wife. 
 
246 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "For a long time Hoots, the bear, kept the chiefs 
 daughter in his lodge, and she came to be like the 
 bears, too, then a baby was born, and this baby grew 
 to be the head chief of all the tribe of Hoots, the 
 brown bear. 
 
 "Then a party of the tribe of Thlingits came through 
 the woods hunting for meat, and killed Hoots, the 
 bear, whose eyes were old, and they were going to 
 kill his wife, but she called out to them, and they saw 
 that she was not a bear, but a woman, and they took 
 her back to their lodges. 
 
 "In time she told ^he tale and so everyone came to 
 know it, and it was cut in the totem poles, and carv- 
 ings were made that are carvings of the Bear Mother 
 and the baby that was half man and half bear. 
 
 "When she came back to the tribe of the T'hlingits, 
 the woman married a man of the tribe, and they took 
 the bear for their totem, and so from them came all 
 the people that have the bear for their totem now. 
 
 "So this is the story of the Bear Mother that you 
 saw in the carving there on your journey, T'solo, the 
 wanderer. 
 
 "Now it is time for men to sleep, T'solo, and you 
 must be in your lodge if you will see the sun come 
 over the mountains in the morning." 
 
HOOTS CARRIED AWAY THE CHIEF'S DAUGHTER. 247 
 
O 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 09 
 
 M 
 U 
 
THE BEAR MOTHER. 
 
 261 
 
 So I left the Talking Pine and journeyed to my lodge 
 across the Lake of the Mountains, and on the way I 
 saw T'sing, the beaver, who struck the water twice 
 with his tail to tell his tribe that a canoe was on the 
 water, and then he sunk down to the bottom of the 
 lake and ran to his lodge among the rushes and the 
 white water flowers. 
 

 w 
 
 (In the Chinook Language.) 
 
 lAH Ahn-n-n-cutty, mitlite Yelth, 
 yahka klale kula-kula. Okeoke sia- 
 wash mamuke konaway ictas sia- 
 wash tieka, pe konce iskum konaway siawash mamuke, 
 yahka klatawah spose klap cahr konaway siawash mit- 
 lite skookum illahee. 
 
 Hoots tumtum klosh, pe eomtox cahr hiyu skookum 
 muckamuck ictas mitlite. 
 
 Copo Yelth klatawah yahka tenas kula-kula, pe 
 konce mesika klatawah siah, yahka tenas kula-kula 
 nanage cahr yahka Hoots mamuke copo illahee pe 
 wawa copo Yelth, 'Cahr mitlite yahka Hoots, yowah 
 skookum illahee pe skookum muckamuck,' pe Yelth 
 closh nanage copo (»keoko illahee. Okeoke skookum 
 illahee, pe yowah Yolth lolo ict siawash. Konce chaco 
 
 252 
 
HOOTS KNOWS WHERE3 GOOD BATING IS. 
 
 253 
 
r . iTia'wfg a w w'*!''"* *"' ' "i -" ""- >"" 
 
 ^i^:,^mm 
 
mmm 
 
 YELTH AND THE BUTTERFLY. 
 
 255 
 
 copo ict ill.aheo kwonesum kabk-ivab, yowah lolo ict 
 siawasli, pe wake lalie halo siawash mit.lite copo cultas 
 illahoe. 
 
 "Okeoke ict ictas Yelth mamukp siah ahn-n-n-cutty, 
 pe yalika bias skookuni Tab-mah-na-wis kula-kula, 
 iiab?" 
 
 TKANSLATION OF YELTH AND THE 
 BUTTEUFLY.* 
 
 Long ago lived Yelth, the black bird. 
 
 Ho made (or jjjot) all things that Indians want, and 
 when he got all men made, he traveled (supposing) 
 to find where all Indians could live (in a) good 
 country. 
 
 Hoots (the brown bear) knows (or has) good 
 thoughts and knows where good eating is. 
 
 With Yelth traveled the little butterfly, and when 
 they (had) traveled far the butterfly saw where Hoots 
 (the bear), (had) dug in the ground, and he said to 
 
 *To read the translation verbatim as nearly as it is possible to Q^t* 
 press it in EngUsb, leave out tbe words enclosed in pareDtbesiPi 
 
ir 
 
 !» 
 
 SS! 
 
 T 
 
 is« 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 Yelth, "Where lives Hoots, ther^ (is) good land and 
 good eating" and Yeltli looked well on this land. 
 That was (a) good lard and there Yelth carried one 
 Siawash (tribe). Wnen (the}') came to one (more) 
 land like this, then? he (Yelth) carried one (more) 
 
 THEY SEARCHED FOR HOMES FOR THE TRIBES OP MEN. 
 
 Siawash (tribe) and soon no Siawash-(es) lived in bad 
 countries. 
 
 This (is) one thing (that) Yelth did (a) long, long 
 time ago, and he (is a) good magic (working) bird. 
 
 Don't you think so? 
 
 
1 \ IV^A^ ^ ^ ^^^ ^" "'-^ lodge by the Lake of 
 >«^i ^l^p Moimtaius the wind called to 
 
 me as it hurried by and said this 
 message from the Talking Pine: 
 "Come to-night, T'solo, the wan- 
 derer, when the face of Sno-qualm shows over the snow 
 of the moimtnins, for there is to be a Klale Tah-mah- 
 na-wis, and it is to be here by my feet. . 
 
 "It is a good sight and may not be seen again in the 
 time of men, for Sqnintum, the white man, says the 
 Klale Tah-mah-na-wis must stop, and Squintum is as 
 the grass blades for numbers, while the red man is 
 Aveaker each year, like a willow that can get no water." 
 So said the Talking Pine by message brought by the 
 wind. 
 I sat and thought on this while the Chinoos burned, 
 
 S87 
 
258 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 and when there was no more, I called to the wind and 
 gave him this message for my friend, the Wise One: 
 
 "Say to Ka-ki-i-sil-mah, the Wise One, who stands 
 alone; say that T'solo, the 
 wanderer, will come to- 
 night when the face of Sno- 
 (jualai makes liglit on the 
 snow of the mountains, and 
 
 we will see the sight of the 
 
 Tah-mah-na-wls Wolf Mask. 
 
 Klale Tah-nuili-na-wis. It 
 is well, and now the grass dies for want of light, be- 
 cause of your shadow on it." 
 
 So then the wind went away and I waited for the 
 face of Sno-qualm to come over the mountains. 
 
 When the little night bird* 
 without feat tiers began to fly 
 after bugs and Polikely Kula- 
 kula began to call for his 
 wife from the limb of the 
 dead pine, I got in the canoe 
 and journeyed to where my 
 
 Tah-mah-na-wls Wolf Mask. fl'iiMul slailds 
 
 "You are in giKxl time," said the Wise One, "for I 
 
 hear the sound of many paddles and soon the red men 
 
 •The Bat, 
 
a 
 
 Pi 
 r 
 > 
 r 
 a 
 
 H 
 
 > 
 X 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 > 
 
 •3 
 
 >■ 
 
 n 
 a 
 
 an 
 
 1 
 
KLALE-TAH-MAH-NA-WIS. 
 
 261 
 
 will build the dancing fire, and we will see the magic 
 dance, the Klale Tah-niah-na-wis, that is part a secret 
 that nobody knows but the red men who are of the 
 black magic totem." 
 
 And so I sat and waited until the red men came. 
 
 Soon many canoes were drawn up on the sand and 
 many men came around in the open place by the teet 
 of my friend, the Wise One. 
 
 A fire was made and the smoke went up and hid the 
 top of the Talking Pine with its blackness and the 
 night was bright with firelight. Then many men sat 
 where the light would shine on them and some went 
 out in the darkness, and from these we soon heard a 
 chant. 
 
 "That is the song of Klale Tah-mah-na-wis, the Black 
 Magic," said tlie Wise One, "and soon we will see the 
 dance, for they are ready to begin." 
 
 Then came a strange sight. 
 
 One man came running up by the fire, then another, 
 and still others, until there were as many as all the 
 fingers of both hands and that many more, and some 
 of them Avere very strange, for they were painted with 
 bright paints and had no blankets on. 
 
 Eut'b of these was led by another man who wore 
 
262 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 
 I 
 
 Tah-mah-na-wis 
 
 his robes and held a louj; slrinj; of skin and to this a 
 
 painted man was tied. 
 
 The painted men each wore a mask and made strange 
 
 noises, so I said to the Wise One, "W'liy is 
 
 tliis, and wliat does it mean, Wise One?" 
 
 "It is Klale Tal»-mali-na-wis, the Bhick 
 
 Magic, and eacli man who is ])ainted is to 
 
 Mask. '^**' ^ '^'^*^ '•^ '^^ animal in the dance, and 
 
 all will be made members of the clan of Rlack Magic 
 
 before the dance is done, and that part we cannot see, 
 
 for it is secret and no man may look npon it if he is 
 
 not of the Black Magic clan too, so when this time 
 
 comes you must get in your canoe and go to your lodge 
 
 or the red men may kill 
 
 you, for they re pelton 
 
 with the dance, and do not 
 
 know what they do." 
 
 So said the Talking Pine. 
 
 Now I looked close and; 
 
 listened, and so I heard the! 
 
 voice of Ki-ki, the blue jay, ^ ^'^*^'*\<i!^9 
 
 and the voice of Tvee Kula- Thunclerblrd— Tah-mah-na-wls Mask. 
 
 kula, the great gray eagle, and many other voices, 
 
 and these voices came in the chant of the painted men. 
 
 I saw one who iumped like Wah-wah-hoo, the frog, 
 
n 
 
 A SKALL-LAL-A-TOOT. WOODEN B'IGURE USED IN THE KLALE TAH- 
 
 MAH-NA-WIS DANCE. i.68 
 
 tM 
 
KLALE T.iH-MAH-NA-WIS. 
 
 one who ran likcT'sin^j;, the b("iivei'; another was like 
 Itswoot, the bhi(;k bear, and one like Hoots, the brown 
 bear, and llootza, the wolf, was another. 
 
 These I could see by their acts, and 
 by the mask they wore over their 
 heads, and there were many more, 
 like Skamson, the thuuderbird, and 
 Yeltli, the raven, and all were 
 
 Tah-mah-na-wls Wolf 
 Musk. 
 
 dancing. 
 
 As 1 sat and looked at the dance I 
 saw llootza, the wolf, run at a man and snap with his 
 mask, like the real wolf does, and Hoots, the one who 
 
 was the brown bear, 
 danced on his feet and 
 swung his arms as the 
 b(ar does when he 
 stands on two legs. 
 
 The one who was 
 T'sing, the beaver, 
 ran on his hands and 
 feet and gnawed at 
 
 Tah-mah-na-wls Mask. Sticks wlth llis Uiask, 
 
 so all could know he was T'sing, the beaver, and the 
 one who was Skamson, the thuuderbird, made his arms 
 go in the air like the wings of Skamson and beat on a 
 
266 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 tlrum to make the song of Tootab, the thunder, and all 
 knew who he was. 
 
 All these men danced around the fire for a long time, 
 the ones who wore no masks holding the strings fast- 
 ened to the painted ones, who were the animals, and 
 
 THE DANCERS SAT DOWN. 
 
 they did many things that made all who saw them 
 laugh, because they did like birds and animals do, and 
 there was no evil. 
 
 When the moon, Sno-qualm, made all the shadows 
 short, and the dancing fire had burned low and was 
 
' 
 
 KLALB TAH-MAH-NA-WIS. 
 
 267 
 
 red, then the dance stopped, and all the rest of the red 
 men except the dancers got in their canoes and began 
 to paddle away. 
 
 The dancers 
 sat down and be- 
 gan to chant a 
 low-toned song, 
 and then the 
 Talking Pine 
 spoke, "It is time 
 to go away, 
 T'solo, for now 
 the red men do 
 secret things 
 that no man may 
 see and live, if he 
 is not of the 
 Black Magic 
 clan. I cannot tell 
 you of these 
 things and you 
 would not be 
 wise to stay here, 
 
 so go in your canoe and do not come back until to- 
 morrow night, for these men mil soon be like men who 
 
 The Thunderblrd— Tah-mah-na-wls Mask. 
 
mm 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 have looked on the evil eye, and it is not good to 
 see." 
 
 So then I got in my canoe and journeyed to my lodge 
 across the Lake of the Mountains, and left the red men 
 there singing the chant. That night I did not go to 
 the sleep country, but lay on the lodge mats until Spe- 
 ow threw the Sun up and opened the daylight box, and 
 ail night the sound of the chant lamt across the lake 
 on the wind, sometimes low and far off, and sometimes 
 wild and iieree, and all nigh* the top of the Wise One 
 was red with the tire-light that burned for the Klale 
 Tah-mah-na-wis. 
 
 What deeds were done there I do not know. 
 
 i't 
 
LA-IiOW-YA, T'solo, tlio wanderer; it 
 has been many days since you sat at 
 my feet the .ast time. Where have 
 you been so h)nj» ?" Ho said the Talk- 
 ing Pine, as I sat down by his feet 
 and rested from my journey. 
 "I have been on a journey to a stran}>e land, and I 
 have looked on strange men, Wise One, and I am 
 weary. My paddle, Esick, is tired of traveling, and 
 my canoe is heavy from being so long in the water. 
 
 "I have seen many strange things, and have looked 
 on strange totem poles, which I do not know the read- 
 ing of. One of these I have here in the canoe. Wise 
 One, and I will set it in your sight that you may read 
 the tales that are cut upon it." 
 Then I went to the canoe and carried the great to- 
 
 269 
 
270 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 tern pole up where the Wise One could look on the 
 carvings and read the stories for me as I smoked. 
 When the Wise Pine saw the carvings he said, "This 
 came from some one who was a Uiada, and of the 
 tribe of Hoots, the great brown bear, for he is carved 
 at the top and is the totem of the owner of the house 
 that this pole stood by. 
 
 "This you may know because of the ears of the bear 
 which are carved to look like the ears of Hoots, though 
 the body is more of a man's body, and has hands and 
 feet like a man. This is so because the Indians say 
 that the great chief of the bears is a man who has the 
 head of a bear, and so they carve him that way for the 
 totem of the bear. 
 
 "Now you see, the figure of Hoots, the bear, sits on 
 three rings carved on the pole. This means that the 
 man who owned this pole was rich and had given 
 three feasts and dances to all the rest who w^ere of his 
 tribe, and so you see it cut there that no man may 
 forget it. 
 
 "Below the rings I see the great Gray Eagle, and this 
 carving means Tah-mah-na-wis and is good medicine 
 for the owner and all his household and no man knows 
 what it is but the owner. 
 
 ''Then I see Yelth, the r^ven, and In bin mouth he 
 
THE QREAT TOTEI.M POLE, 
 
 m 
 
I 
 
 Hi 
 
 5 I! 
 
READING or THE TOTEM POLE. 
 
 273 
 
 holds tb ,' moon wliich Le stole from the eagle, his 
 uucle, and he holds the dish of fresh water between 
 his feet. Now this carving is the story I told you once 
 here when the chinoos burned and Sno-qualm, the 
 moon, climbed up the sky, and it is cut there that men 
 may not forget the deeds of Yelth, who got these 
 things for the use of men. 
 
 "Under the carving of Yelth is the story of Touats, 
 the hunter, and Hoots, the bear, cut in the pole, and 
 by the feet of Touats are two otter heads to show who 
 he is. This tale I told you, too, a long time ago, and 
 now you see it carved in the totem pole of a man of 
 the bear totem, Ix'cause all men of this totem know 
 the story and it is cut there that their children may 
 rem! it and not forget the tale. 
 
 "Next is the carving of T'sing, the beaver, and this 
 you may know by his teeth, for they are always cut 
 like the teeth of T'sing. Now this is the totem of the 
 man's wife who lived in the house, and it is cut there 
 that the woman may not forget her own peo.ih', who 
 are of the beaver totem, and so her children may know 
 to what tribe their mother belonged. 
 
 "So now, \Yanderer, you know the reading of the 
 carved pole that you got in your journey, and I know 
 by seeing it that you have been to the North, by the 
 

 I III 
 
 274 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 home of Colesnass, the winter, for this pole was carved 
 by a man who was of the tribe of the lliadas, who live 
 by the great water, far away toward the cold coun- 
 try. Where did you get the pole. Wanderer?" 
 "I was on my journey in the canoe, Wise One, and as 
 
 THE LODGE OF TIIE DEAD MAN. 
 
 T paddled along by an island in the great water that 
 i8 far «way toward the cold country of the North, I 
 S!aw thin |M>1<' standing among the pines. T went to 
 the shore, for I had thoughts that there wer^ people 
 near it and I went there. 
 
 if' I 
 
td 
 o 
 
 I 
 
 a c 
 
 
 3 £ 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 >• 
 '^ 
 
 o 
 
 275 
 
i 
 
 11 
 
READING OF THE TOTEM POLE. 
 
 277 
 
 "There was the pole and a lodge that the wind and 
 the rain had torn and broken, so no one could live 
 there, but there were no people. 
 
 "Then T read the signs, and this I found: There had 
 been a family living here by the pole, and they had 
 built this lodge. There was a man and his wife and 
 one small child who had lived in the lodge, but who 
 were dead, memaloose, for I saw their bones there, 
 all white in the sun, because they had journeyed to 
 the land of the Stickeen many moons ago. There was 
 a canoe there, all split by the sun so that small pines 
 grew up through the cracks, and on the head of the 
 canoe was cut the totem of Hoots, the bear, so I knew 
 that it was a man of the bear clan who had built the 
 lodge. 
 
 "I knew that the man was rich, because many blank- 
 ets and many robes were piled up in the lodge, but 
 they were rotten from the wet. As I read the signs 
 and walked around I found this medicine rattle hung 
 up in the lodge, and it is carved with things that I do 
 not know, so I will leave it in your sight that you 
 may know what is cut on it and tell me when I come 
 again. 
 
 "Then I went to this totem pole, and put my hand 
 against it and it fell down, for it was so old that the 
 
178 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 wet had rotted it at the ground and made it ready 
 
 to break. 
 "When it fell I carried it to the canoe and brought 
 
 it here that we might read the story of the man whose 
 
 bones were 
 there in the 
 sun, and who 
 had been dead 
 for many 
 moons, for his 
 bones were 
 white like 
 the arms of a 
 dead pine." 
 
 "You are 
 good in read- 
 ing signs, 
 T'solo, and 
 have told the 
 story of the 
 
 THIS IS THE TALR. ^^pj^^J ^^ ^ ^ 
 
 Your eyes are keen and you sec small things. Go now 
 to your lodge and come again on another night, and 
 then I will read the carvings on the medicine rattle, 
 for they tell strange things." 
 
READING OP THE TOTEM POLE. 
 
 279 
 
 So then I put the great totem pole back in th'? canoe 
 and went across the Lake of the Mountains to my 
 lodge, and there I set the carved pole in the ground, 
 as it stood by the lodge of the dead man in the coun- 
 try of the lliadas, far to the North. 
 
u 
 
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 (716) 872-4503 
 
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(^1^\/'/^^ OP T.^ 
 
 IJEN I went again to the Talking Pine 
 he told me the story of the carving 
 on the medicine rattle that I brought 
 from the lodge of the dead man in 
 the Iliada country, where I got the 
 great totem pole that stands by my lodge. 
 This the Wise One said of the rattle: 
 "This rattle is of the Mid-win-nie clan, T'solo, and so 
 I know that the dead man whose bones you saw was of 
 the medicine clan, for no other can use a rattle like 
 this, and it is for driving away Skall-lal-a-toots from 
 the medicine lodge, and has many totems cut on it. 
 
 "Tills one at the end is the head of Yelth, the raven, 
 and you see the stick in his mouth that he us id to 
 carry the fire on to the lodges of men, as I told you a 
 long time ago. The head of Yelth is cut on the rattle, 
 
 280 
 
 i 
 
 u 
 
I 
 
 fl 
 
 a 
 
 D 
 n 
 
CARVING OF THE MEDICINE RATTLE. 
 
 283 
 
 because it is a sign of good, and is a good totem. 
 "The breast of Yelth is made like tlie breast of the 
 sparrow hawk, and the head of the sparrow hawk is 
 where the tail of Yelth should be, and in the hawk's 
 mouth is a carving of Wah-wah-hoo, the frog. 
 
 "Now that is because the hawk is a medicine bird, 
 and it carries Wah-wah-hoo, the frog, to the medicine 
 men so they may get medicine for working evil from 
 the head of the frog, because he had evil 
 thoughts when he was changed from Wah- 
 wah-hoo, the man, to the shape of the frog, 
 and now these evil thoughts are still in the 
 head of the frog, in the shape of medicine, 
 which those of the Mid-win-nie clan take for 
 the working of evil spells. 
 
 "On the top of the l-attle I see Ka-ke-hete, 
 Medicine the chief of demons, and a girl who is in the 
 ^*"*^- form of Ki-ki, the blue jay. 
 "Now you see there is a frog again going from the 
 mouth of Ka-ke-hete to the mouth of the girl, and this 
 means that Ka-ke-hete is talking a lie to the girl and 
 it is a lie abort the blue jay, Ki-ki, and means evil 
 for the girl to be seen listening to the talk of Ka-ke- 
 hete, for he is the chief of demons. 
 "The whole rattle is the carving of the raven, Yelth, 
 
284 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 who is the totem of all the Hiada tribes, and is for good 
 medicine, and you must hang it to your lodge pole for 
 a charm against evil things. 
 "That is the reading of the medicine rattle, T'solo." 
 So when the Wise One was finished I took the rattle 
 and went to my lodge across the Lake of the Moun- 
 tains, and hung it there for a charm against evil spir- 
 its that travel in the niuht. 
 
i^t'^^^^t^m 
 
 The ThU/h^ER^K- 
 
 HEN the canoe grated on the sand 
 and I came up from the Lake of the 
 Mountains the next time, the great 
 Talking Pine was silent until I 
 spoke. 
 
 "Do you sleep, Wise One?" I asked as I took ray 
 accustomed seat ready to listen to the tales. 
 
 "A-he, Snugwillimie T'solo," he answered, "I sleep 
 the sleep of the old, for I am weary of the dancing and 
 of play. To-night the sky is clouded and the water 
 is black with shadows so that you cannot see the 
 mountains that the Skall-lal-a-toots paint, for they 
 paint only when there is red in the sky at evening, 
 and when there is blue in the sky in day. 
 
 "To-night is a night of rain, and soon Skamson, the 
 great thunderbird, will flap his wings and then you 
 
 285 
 
286 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 
 will hear Tootah, the thunder, sing his war song, and 
 
 you will see Chethl, the lightning, who is the glance 
 
 of the thunderbird's eye. 
 
 "Tell me of the thunderbird, Skamson, and of his 
 
 deeds. Wise One, for this I do not know, and have 
 
 heard only the 
 story of how he 
 was born there by 
 the great river. 
 
 "It is a good 
 night for the tale 
 of Skamson, and I 
 will tell you of 
 him, T'solo, the 
 wanderer, if you 
 listen well. It is 
 like this: 
 
 "You know the 
 tale of how he 
 came to be, so of 
 
 that I will not speak, but will only tell of his deeds as 
 
 they were told to me by S'doaks, the Twana medicine 
 
 man. 
 "Now Skamson, the thunderbird, is a man who is in 
 
 the shape of a bird, and is the keeper of Chethl, the 
 
 Indian Drawing of Slcamson. 
 
\ 
 
 I 
 
 ! 
 
 THB FLIGHT OF SKAMSON. 
 
 287 
 
SKAM-SON, THE THUNDERER. 
 
 289 
 
 lightning, and the keeper of the medicine plants, for 
 
 he makes the rain and so makes all the medicine plants 
 
 to grow. 
 "Skamson eats nothing but whales, and these he 
 
 does not have near his home, which is on top of a high 
 
 mountain, 
 where he sits 
 wrapped in his 
 robe of clouds. 
 "Because he 
 eats whales 
 he must go to 
 the great 
 water to get 
 them when he 
 is hungry, and 
 that is why 
 we have rain, 
 this way: 
 "When Skamson feels hunger then he makes magic 
 
 and many clouds come in the sky, so that Skamson 
 
 may fly to the great water behind them and not be 
 
 seen by men. 
 
 "By and by the clouds cover all tne sky, had when 
 
 the thunderbird, Skamson, starts on his journey and 
 
 Indian Drawing of Skamson, 
 
290 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 flies like a bird, witli liis eyes looking straight ahead 
 and his great wings flapping, then yon hear the war 
 song of Tootah, the thnnder, for that is the flapping 
 of the wings of Skamson. * 
 
 "Sometime.4 as he tmvelw io the great 
 water Skamson looks down through the 
 clouds and Chethl, the lightning, throws; 
 a piece of fire down to the ground to 
 make a hole in the clouds, so that Skam- 
 son may see through, for Chethl is keep- 
 
 Indiaii drawing of 
 
 er of the eyes of Skamson, the thun- skamson. 
 derbirdy and lives in the head of Skamson. 
 
 "When the thunderbird gets to the great water and 
 sees a whale, then Chethl throws fire down again and 
 I /K kills it for food for Skamson, and 
 
 sometimes this fire hits a man by 
 mistake and kills him, as it does 
 the whale. 
 
 "After the whale is dead then 
 Skamson takes it with his feet and flies to a high 
 mountain to eat it, and then the rain does not fall any 
 more, and Tootah, the thunder, is still. 
 
 "Now there is an island in the great water far to the 
 North, in the country of the Haidas, and on this island 
 
 Indian drawing of 
 Slianison. 
 
SKAM-«ON, THE THUNDERER. 
 
 291 
 
 «i 
 
 \ 
 
 is a hi}»'h nKmntuin and there ar<» many boiuv, there, 
 for that is the phiee where SUanisou lias eai ii many 
 whales. 
 
 "Skamson is a very large bird- 
 man, fox an Indian of the Twana 
 tribe saw him rest on a high moun- Ji 
 
 tain once, and this Indian tied one y^ \^^\ 
 of the feathers of Skamson's wing J ^. 
 
 to a tree, so that when the great y \ 
 
 thunderbird flew away the feadiermdian arawing of skamson. 
 
 was pulled out, and when it laid on the ground it was 
 
 the length of fifty canoes, and so it was very large. 
 
 "This feather was made into medicine and is in the 
 
 medicine bags of the tribe of theTwanas to this 
 
 |n day, for it is strong medicine and works 
 
 aV^ good. 
 
 "Skamson, the thunderbird, is a great trav- 
 eler, and so the men who live across the moun- 
 tains by the land of Squintum, the white man, 
 know of his deeds, too, and have him pictured 
 on the robes in the medicine lodge of many 
 tribes, and these picture robes you may see 
 among many tribes, even so far a.' five great 
 lakes that stand close together in the country of Squin- 
 tum, the white man, and where now no Indians live. 
 
 War Club. 
 
 ^|) 
 
 
292 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 in 
 
 because of the white man, who lives all over the land 
 there by the lakes. 
 
 "But one time long ago many tribes lived by these 
 lakes before Squintum came, and these tribes all knew 
 of Skamson and had his picture painted on the 
 robes. 
 
 f^J^>r 
 
 
 WHERE THE WHITE MEN LIVE BY THE LAKE. 
 
 "Here the Indians cut the carving of Skamson on 
 their war clubs to give them luck in hunting, because 
 he is a Tah-mah-na-wis spirit, and they cut the carv- 
 ing on the canoe stem that it may find good fishing 
 
SKAM-SON, THE THUNDERER. 
 
 for them, and they paint it on their h)dges, and tat- 
 too it on their arms, because of its magic. 
 
 "And this, then, is the tale of 
 Skamson, the great thunderbird, 
 as it was told to me by S'doaks, the 
 medicine man. 
 
 "Now it is time to journey to your 
 lodge, T'solo, the wanderer, for 
 Skamson has started on his way to 
 the great water, and soon the rain will fall, and I 
 hear the war song of Too-tah, the 
 thunder. X \ > ]\ 
 
 "You must have good eyes to see y^ \ / y\, 
 
 Indian drawing of 
 Skamson. 
 
 Indian drawing of 
 Skamson. 
 
 to-night, T'solo, else you will miss 
 your way across the Lake of the 
 Mountains, for darkness hangs thick 
 over the water. 
 
 "Now Klook-wah, tillicum, and come again, for I 
 
 must sing the rain song and dance 
 
 the wind dance, and have no time for 
 
 talk." 
 
 So then I left the Wise One, and 
 
 journeyed to my lodge across the Lake 
 of the Mountains, and as the door curtain fell behind 
 me, I heard the war song of Too-tah, the thunder, and 
 then rain began to faU. 
 
 Indian drawing of 
 Skamson. 
 

 -GAMBLE 
 
 ^^ S I sat in tlie door of my lodge by the 
 
 ^Jk Lake of the Mountains, I looked 
 
 ^r^l toward the great Talking Pine, and 
 
 ■ saw the light of a fire flare up, and 
 
 * make his great limbs shine in the 
 
 dark, so that I wondered what was happening there. 
 Soon I heard voices, faint and far away, as they 
 came over the lake, and these voices were the voices 
 of men who sang a wild chant which I could not hear 
 the words of. After I sat and listened for some time 
 I got Esick, the paddle, and went down to the canoe, 
 for I wondered what deeds were being done there by 
 the foot of Kp-ki-i-sil-mah, the Wise One. 
 
 Slowly I paddled along, and by and bj'e the canoe 
 went softly against the yellow sand, and I left it there 
 while I went up to see why the fire burned. 
 
 294 
 
THE SING-GAMBLE. 
 
 295 
 
 "Kla-how-ya, T'solo, the wanderer," said the Wise 
 One, "you come at a good time, for now you will see 
 the gamblers, and hear the song that gamblers sing, 
 and it is a wild song to hear, for the men play a wild 
 game to-night. Sit niiere you can see, and watch 
 these red men play away their belongings, for they are 
 crazy with the gambler's craze and will not stop until 
 they have lost all they own." 
 
 So then I sat still and watched the game and the 
 gamblers until Sno-qualm, the moon, made short shad- 
 ows, and these things I saw there: 
 
 A fire had been built to give light for the game, an! 
 on each side of it were six men, who sang a wild chant 
 and beat with sticks on a hollow drum log. 
 
 One man had two short sticks that could be cov- 
 ered by your hand, and all the bark had been peeled 
 from one, while a ring of green had been left around 
 the center of the other. These were gamble sticks, 
 and the game was to guess which hand held the ring 
 stick. Each side had ten short sticks of cedar, which 
 lay on the ground in front of them, and besides these 
 three long sticks had been cut for keeping the count. 
 
 When they were ready to play, then one man took 
 the two gamble sticks, one in each hand, and covered 
 them so no one could see them, then he swung his 
 
296 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 hands crosswise before him, as he knelt there by the 
 fire, and changed the sticljs quickly from one hand to 
 the other. Soon one of the other side thought he knew 
 
 which hand held the ring stick, and he made a motion 
 to that side. 
 
 Then the gamble song stopped and the man who 
 held the gamble sticks put both hands out in front, 
 and opened them wide ti^ show both sticks. 
 
 The guesser had missed, and so he threw across to 
 the other side one of the short sticks of cedar, which 
 
 was one count, and the 
 winners -^tuck this stick 
 in the ground to show 
 their count of points. 
 Then the game began 
 over, and the gamble 
 chant was sung again 
 like this: "A-ah-o-lilly-ahn-ah-ha! A-ah-o-lilly-ahn-ah- 
 ha!" 
 
 Then, when one thought he knew which liand held 
 the ring stick again, he made a motion and the sticks 
 were shown as before. This time he guessed it, and 
 so the man who had held the sticks threw a count stick 
 OA'er to the one who had guessed right, and then threw 
 the gamble sticks across too, and his side became the 
 
 Gamble Sticks. 
 
THE SING-GAMBLE. 
 
 297 
 
 guessers until they wou and got the gamble sticks 
 back again. 
 
 For a long time they did this way, and when one 
 side had got ten of the count sticks stuck in the ground 
 they took them all down and put a large one up, to 
 
 MADE A MOTION TO THAT SIDE. 
 
 mean ten counts, and when one side got three of these 
 larger count sticks up they won the game and took all 
 the things that the gamble was for, and left the others 
 who had lost them. 
 These things I saw the winners take away with 
 
TOTEM TALES. 
 
 them: Three canoes, a white man's watch that can 
 tell the time, some good blankets, some pieces of 
 T'kope chicka-min, that the white man, Squintum, calls 
 dollars, and some robes and moccasins, and these were 
 lost by the other side in the play of the sing-gamble. 
 
 "You have seen the gamblers and heard their song, 
 T'solo, the wanderer, and now listen: 
 
 "These men think to get something for nothing, and 
 that no man may do honestly, and he who does this 
 has in his mind Ka-ke-hete, the chief of demons, and 
 he is evil, or he is pelton, not right in his thoughts, and 
 so is not a good man to know. Remember, T'solo, what 
 you have seen to-night, and do not sit by the sing-gam- 
 ble fire and listen to the sing-gamble song, lest it be- 
 witch you and you get hungry for gold, like Squin- 
 tum, the white man, across the mountains, who is 
 never satisfied, and always cries for more gold. 
 
 "It is better to know of good hunting, and where 
 many salmon swim, and to have wisdom in the ways 
 of medicine and of magic, than it is to know too much 
 of the ways of Squintum, the white man, who is like 
 the gamblers you saw to-night, in his thoughts." 
 
 The fire had burned low and red and I sat there 
 looking into it, and thinking heavy thoughts on the 
 words of the Talking Pine, and as I thought it came 
 
[t can 
 
 jes of 
 
 I, calls 
 
 were 
 
 |ble. 
 
 song, 
 
 A 
 
 THE FIRE HAD BURNED LOW. 
 

THE SING-GAMBLE. 
 
 301 
 
 into my mind that the Pine was old, and had much 
 wisdom, and that his words were heavy words, spoken 
 with a single, straight tongue, so I said, "It is well, 
 Wise One, and your words are good words to remem- 
 ber, and from this time I will look on the sing-gamble 
 no more lest I get hungry for the gold, like the white 
 man, Squintum, and so let Ka-ke-hete come into my 
 mind. And now I would sleep, and will go to my 
 lodge. Klook-wah, Wise One." 
 
 And so I got in the canoe and crossed back to my 
 lodge again, and left the fire to burn out. 
 
OULD you know of tuc Tah-mali-na- 
 wis of S'doaks, T'solo?" aske/1 the 
 Talking Pine, as I lighted my pipe 
 and sat down at his feet to hear the 
 tales. 
 
 "Tell the story, Wise One, for I would know of 
 S'doaks and of the tribe of the Twanas," I answered. 
 And then the Wise One, Ka-ki-i-sil-mah, the great 
 Talking Pine, told me this tale: 
 
 "When the great medicine man, S'doaks, the son of 
 Yelth, the raven, was only a small lad, he was a good 
 trailer and a good hunter, and was very wise for one 
 so young. 
 
 "His eyes were keen and his mind wao clear to tell 
 what he saw, and his judgment was the judgment of a 
 
 man full grown. 
 
 302 
 
 ! 
 
THE TAH-MAH-NA-WIS OF S'DOAKS. 
 
 808 
 
 'TNTow in the tribe of tlie Twaiias tliere was an old 
 Mid-win-nie man who was very wise, and who was 
 Itswoot, the bear, and whose nose was keen to smell 
 tliinj;s out, and this man saw S'doaks and saw his 
 wisdom. 
 
 "So one time at the council, Itswoot, the bear, said 
 
 to Yelth, the father of S'doaks, <Tyee Yelth, chief of the 
 
 tribe of the Twanas, you are the favored father of a 
 
 favored son, for S'doaks is of the Mid- 
 
 win-nie clan, born a medicine man, 
 
 and only needs to be taught the ways 
 
 of doing medicine deeds to be a great 
 
 man and chief of all the Mid-win-nie 
 
 men. Give to me the training of the 
 
 lad, and vou shall see him the heua 
 
 man of the Twana tribe when the 
 
 time comes for you to go to Stickeen, 
 
 the land of the dead.' 
 
 "These words were heavy words to Yelth, the raven, 
 
 and he thought for many days on what the bear had 
 
 said, and then he told S'doaks that he must go and 
 
 live with Itswoot, the bear, and get wisdom in the 
 
 ways of medicine. 
 
 "And this was the starting of S'doaks, the greatest 
 medicine man of all the Mid-win-nie clan. 
 
 S'doaks. 
 

 804 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 "Now you know, T'solo, the wanderer, that every 
 boy must get a totem, or spirit, to look after him 
 through life and to protect him on his journeys, and 
 to bring luck on his hunting and fishing trips, and this 
 totem is his Tah-mah-na-wis for all time. 
 
 "So when S'doaks was a big boy and had seen as 
 many summers as all the fingers on both your hands, 
 and half as many more, then Itswoot called him into 
 the medicine lodge and told him what to do. 
 
 "Said the medicine man, Ttswoot, the bear, 'S'doaks, 
 listen! To-day you are a man, and must have the to- 
 tem of a man. Now listen well and I, Itswoot, will 
 tell you of the way. When you leave this lodge you 
 must go to the sweat lodge and stay there without 
 eating or drinking for one whole sun, then when Po- 
 likely, the night, comes, you must leave all your robes, 
 and your bows, and jour knife, and with only your 
 medicine belt, go into the forest and stay until your 
 Tah-mah-na-wis comes to you. 
 
 " 'You must be very careful not to eat or drink dur- 
 ing this time, but fast and wait until you see some ob- 
 ject that will come to you in the forest and motion for 
 you to follow it. Then you must follow and not take 
 your eyes from it, and it will guide you to food and 
 drink. 
 
SDOAKS, LlSTErV 
 
 805 
 
THE TAH-MAH-NA-WIS OF S'DOAKS. 
 
 307 
 
 " 'This will be your Tah-mali-Ha-wis and will guard 
 you through life and protect you. In return for this 
 protection you must never kill this object, even if you 
 are starving, but must always protect it in every way 
 you can, for bad luck comes to those who harm their 
 totem. 
 
 " 'If your totem be a beast, bird or fish, or other liv- 
 ing thing, then get some part of it and put it in your 
 medicine bag for a charm, but do not kill to get this 
 charm. 
 
 " 'When you have got the charm you may 
 then eat and drink, but let no man see you 
 for one moon, but stay in the forest and talk 
 with Tah-mah-ua-wis and gain wisdom. 
 
 " 'When the space of one moon has gone by 
 then come here and go again to the sweat 
 lodge and stay over one night, then you may 
 go agaiu among men, and in one summer more you 
 shall take the Kloo-kwallie dance and be a great medi- 
 cine man. But in that summer, S'doaks, look well 
 that no woman touches you on the hand, and let no 
 woman touch your salmon spear, nor set foot in your 
 fishing canoe, for that would spoil all and make these 
 things useless. And now, S'doaks, have you listened 
 well?' 
 
 Knife. 
 
 3. 
 if 
 
SOS 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 " 'My ears are open and I have heard the roar of the 
 bear,' answered S'doaks. 
 
 "*Go then and I will make medicine for your good 
 luck/ said Itswoot, and S'doaks went away. 
 
 "All things went as Itswoot had directed, and 
 
 I AM TAH-MAH-NA-WIS. 
 
 S'doaks was in the forest all alone for many days and 
 had not touched either food or drink, and was weak 
 from long fasting when he heard a voice in a strange 
 tongue, and looking up saw Ki-ki, the blue jay, sitting 
 on the limb of a hemlock tree. 
 
KI-KI TOLD HIM TO REST BY THE RIVER. 
 
 309 
 
THE TAH-MAH-NA-WIS OF S'DOAKS. 
 
 311 
 
 "Though the language was strange, S'doaks found 
 that he could understand it, as he could the Twana 
 speech of his father's tribe, and then he knew that 
 Ki-ki was sent for him as Tah-mah-na-wis, and he 
 listened to the talk of Ki-ki. 
 
 "Said the bird, 'Listen, S'doaks; I am Ki-ki, the 
 blue jay, and I have been looking for you. 
 
 " *I am Tah-mah-na-wis and will show you food and 
 drink. Come, and see that you do not let me get out 
 of your sight. 
 
 "So the bird flew from one tree to another, and 
 S'doaks followed until he came to a great river full 
 of salmon, and there the bird told him to "top and 
 rest. 
 
 "After S'doaks had rested he said to Ki-ki, *I, 
 S'doaks, the son of Yelth, the raven, take you for my 
 totem. I must have some part of you for my medi- 
 cine bag, yet I must not kill to get it. What shall I 
 do?' 
 
 " 'Wait,' said Ki-ki, 'and something will happen so 
 you will have the medicine you want.' 
 
 "So S'doaks waited, and soon the bird flew away 
 without liis seeing it. Then a strange thing happened. 
 As S'doaks sat there, a mink came by dragging a dead 
 
312 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 blue jay by the neck, and when it saw S'doaks it 
 let go of the bird and ran away into the deep woods. 
 
 "S'doaks went and picked up the dead body and took 
 two feathers from each wing and put them in his medi- 
 cine belt to make him fleet. Then he took the eyes to 
 make him see better, and the heart to make him kind 
 to men, and the brain to make him wise in medicine 
 and to give him the power of Tah-mah-na-w^is, and the 
 tongue to give him the talk of the wild things. All 
 these things he put in his medicine belt and sat down 
 to wait for Ki-ki to come back. 
 "Soon Ki-ki came back and said, 'Now you have 
 
 the charms and I will 
 go. But I will be 
 near you always, and 
 when you need me 
 you must call in the 
 talk of the blue jay, 
 Ki-ki.' 
 
 "Then Ki-ki went away and S'doaks was left alone. 
 Then he caught some of the salmon and ate them and 
 stayed alone in the woods for the time of one moon 
 and talked with Tah-mah-na-wis and gained wisdom. 
 And so that is how S'doaks, the son of Yelth, the ra- 
 ven, came to have Ki-kl, the blue jay, for his totem. 
 
 Mink Dragging a Blue Jay. 
 
 
 dflH 
 
I 
 
 THE TAH-MAH-NA-WIS OF S'DOAKS. 
 
 813 
 
 "Now it is time for sleep," said tlie Pine, and 1 got 
 in my canoe again, and paddled away across the Lake 
 of the Mountains to wait. 
 
♦ r 
 
VOCABULARY AND HISTORICAL APPENDIX. 
 
 A-a-ah-na (A-a-ah-nah). — Exclamation from the T'suc-cuc-cub 
 dialect meaning, as nearly as it can be expressed, "Oh yes." 
 
 A-ah-o-lilly-ahn-ah-ah,— The chant used in the sing-gamble game. 
 Repeated over and over without time or rythm. Simply these 
 sounds without meaning used as a song to go with the gam- 
 bling game. 
 
 A-he (Ay-hee).— Allied tribes. An exclamation in the T'suc-cuc- 
 cub dialect meaning "yes." 
 
 Alki (Al-kee). — Chinook word meaning bye and bye, after a little 
 while, in a little time to come. 
 
 Alkicheek (Al-key-cheek).— A small sea shell not unlike a porcu- 
 pine quill. Considered valuable as ornament among the In- 
 dians. Procured from a small mollusk and made into ear 
 pendants, necklaces, etc. Sometimes used as a trade money 
 with Hiaqua in times past. 
 
 Canim (Kay-nim). — Chinook word for "canoe." 
 
 Cawk (Cawk).— Hiada word. Name of a mythical person described 
 as the daughter of the Beaver. 
 
 Chee-chee-watah (Chee-chee-wat-tah). — The name of tho humming 
 bird. Allied tribes, 
 
 Chee-watum (Chee-wat-tum).— Indian man's name. Allied tribes. 
 
 Chethl (Chethl).— A man's name. The lightning. Origin with some 
 tribe of the Selish family. 
 
 Chinook. — The name of a group of Indian tribes who lived along 
 the Columbia River, and the sea coast to the north. Also 
 the name of a jargon used as a common trade language among 
 all the Indian tribes of the Northwest who occupy Washing- 
 
816 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 ton, Oregon, Idaho and Vancouver's leland. It was found, 
 much the same as to-day, in use among these tribes by Lewis 
 and Clark in 1806, and is not, as has been asserted, an inven- 
 tion of the factors of the Hudson's Bay company of fur trade.s, 
 although they have in company with other trai'.ers contributed 
 to its growth by adding English and French words. It is com- 
 posed as nearly as can be ascertained of the following lan- 
 guages and tribal dialects: French, 90 words; English, 67 words, 
 Canadian, 4 words; Unknown, 24 words; Wasco tribe, 4 words; 
 Chippewa, 1 word; Nisqually, 7 words; Chinook, 221 words; 
 Dialects, 32 words; Chehalis, 32 words; Calapooya, 4 words; 
 Cree, 2 words; Klikatat, 2 words. The English letters F and 
 R are changed to the sounds of P and L and no unnecessary 
 words are used in the Jargon, for the Indian favors terseness. 
 Even Chinook has many dialects, and words in common use 
 in one locality are unknown in some distant part of the 
 country 'where the jargon is used. It has no grammar and a 
 dictionary of It would be hard to write on account of the 
 manifold uses of the same word, a motion accompanying it 
 changing its meaning entirely. Yet it is easily and quickb' 
 learned and is in use to a great extent to-day in the North- 
 west, whites as well as Indians using it as a medium of trade 
 or information. While it has many shortcomings it still hat 
 its advantages, and through it the "Totem Tales" have been 
 translated into the English and preserved, a feat that would be 
 almost impossible if one had to rely on the harsh unspeakable 
 gutturals of the native languages, which sound even more con- 
 fusing than Chinese and each one of which would require half 
 a lifetime to master. The English language is not capable of 
 a description of these Indian tongues. But we have Chinook, 
 only about five or six hundred words, it is true, but it is backed 
 by the expressive talking of an Indian's hands, a natural sign 
 language, and lo, the tales are procured, understood and rb- 
 corded in all their simplicity, contradictory features, poetry, 
 romance and superstition. So much for the Chinook Jargon. 
 a queer language without a country or ownership, a social 
 tramp, an outcast among the languages of the world. Just as 
 
VOCABULARY AND HISTORICAL APPENDIX. 317 
 
 ita originators are outcasts, reviled, laughed at, and mi;mnder- 
 fltood by the civilized tribes of men who build great stone 
 lodges, all in one place, and seek always for gold, forgetting 
 all, even the Sah-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis, for this. 
 
 Chinoos (Chin-noose).— Tobacco. From the Quinault language. 
 
 Closh (Klo-sch).— Chinook word meaning good. Skoo-kum also 
 means good and one word is used as often as the other to sig- 
 nify the same thing. 
 
 Colesick (Cole-sick). — The keeper of the dead, chief of all in the 
 country of Stick-een, land of shades. Also used in Chinook 
 to mean any sickness that is not a fever. Origin unknown. 
 
 Colesnass (Colesnass).— Chinook word meaning the cold weather, 
 cold wind, etc., etc. 
 
 Cultas (Cult-tass).— Chinook word meaning bad, also worthless. 
 "Cultas man," a shiftless fellow; "Cultas fisick," a wornout 
 paddle; "delate cultas," very bad, wicked. 
 
 Doak-a-batl (Doak-a-battle).— Twana language. The name of a 
 great mythical personage who is credited with the making of 
 many new things. Really an Indian Creator. 
 
 DVampsh (Doo-wam-ish).— The river that empties into Elliott 
 Bay at Seattle, Wash. Name the same as one of the allied 
 tribes whose territory extended many miles up and down thlA 
 stream. 
 
 Ena (E-nah).— Chinook word meaning the Beaver. 
 
 Ena-poo (Enah-pooh). — Chinook word meaning Muskrat. 
 
 Esick (Ee-sik).— Chinook word for paddle. 
 
 Evil Eye. — The expression among Indians meaning about the same 
 as a witch among white people. Anyone possessed of an evil 
 eye is supposed to be able to cast spells for evil over any other 
 person even at great distances. There are many charms and 
 incantations, medicines, etc., etc., to ward off this influence 
 and render it harmless, but notwithstanding, all this the In- 
 dian is still deathly afraid of the unseen power of this influ- 
 ence, and if he once gets an idea that you are an "evil eye" no 
 power on earth can get him to look at your face, and he will 
 undergo almost anything rather than meet you face to face. 
 Such is the hold of superstition on the savage mind. 
 
818 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 G'Klobet (O'Klobet).— Man's name. Allied tribes. 
 
 Hah-hah (Ha-ha).— Mythical character. The wife of the frog. Ori- 
 gin unknown. 
 
 Hla-qua (Hl-a-quaw). — The name applied to the shells used as 
 money before the whites came among the Indians. The same 
 thing that wampum meant with the Eastern Indians. A word 
 belonging to all of tb ) Sellsh dialects. 
 
 Hlada (Hy-a-dah).— Name of a tribe of Indians who occupy Queen 
 Charlotte's Island, B. C. These are very interesting Indians 
 and are the most advanced of any of the coast tribes. They 
 have many characteristics in common with the Japanese, in- 
 cluding the slanting eyes, yellow skin, tracing ancestry 
 through the mother and great love for their children. They 
 are expert workers and carvers in wood and metals and are 
 the canoe and totem pole makers for all the tribes along the 
 coast. Their canoes are the most seaworthy boats afloat for 
 their size, as the writer can attest from experience with them, 
 and the model Is almost perfect. They hew these boats from a 
 solid log of Alaska cedar, depending altogether on the eye for 
 measurements and curves, and it is a marvel how they can 
 cut a boat out of the log and have it rest on an even keel, 
 properly balanced without ballast, when put in the water. It 
 is oeyond the ken of white m<'n. The great Kuro Siwah, the 
 Japanese current, washe.^; againis . the shore of their island 
 home and may account for tVa residence of these North 
 American-Japanese people or. t'lis continent by bringing their 
 ancestors here in its drift sometime in the dark ages of the 
 past. Who can tell? They are canoe Indians, and a flsh-eat- 
 ing race, and have very many Japanese traits of character, 
 and one is at once struck with the idea that they are degener- 
 ated Japanese, and the theory of their origin may be correct. 
 
 Hiaa (Hy-as).— Chinook word meaning a great many, much, large, 
 etc.; "Hiaa Tyee," a great chief; "Hias hiyu Ictas," a very 
 great many things. Hiyu Is also used alone in the same sense. 
 
 Hoo-ie (Hoo-ee).— Qulnault word, meaning crazy. 
 
 Hoots (Hoots). — Hlada name for the brown, or cinnamon, bear. 
 
 Hootza (Hoot-zay).— Hiada name for the wolf 
 
VOCABULARY AND HISTORICAL APPENDIX. 319 
 
 on- 
 
 \ 
 
 Hul-ioi-mie (Hul-loy-mee).— Qulnault language. Meaning differ- 
 ent. 
 
 Ill-a-hee (Ill-lay-bee). — Chinook word meaning ground or land. 
 
 Itswoot (Its-woot), — The Black Bear. Qulnault language. 
 
 Ka-ke-hete (Kay-kee-hete).— The chief of all demons, origin un- 
 known, but probably from one of the numerous tribes of the 
 Selish family occupying' the territory along the Columbia 
 River and north of it along the coast; all being canoe Indians. 
 
 Ka-ki-i-sil-raah (Kay-kee-I-sill-mah).— Name of an Indian story 
 teller of the T'suc-cuc-cub tribe. 
 
 Kamas (Kam-mas).— Name of a plant, the roots of which are used 
 for food. 
 
 Ki-ki (Ki-ky).— The Blue Jay. Allied tribes. One of the important 
 characters in the myths of the Selish tribes. A common totem 
 or guardian Tah-mah-na-wis with all the coast Indians. 
 
 Klt-si-nao (Kit-si-nay-o). — Woman's name from the Hiada lan- 
 guage. 
 
 Klack-a-mass (Klack-a-mass).— From one of the Selish dialects. 
 A man's name. Name of a mythic chief. 
 
 Kla-how-ya (Klay-how-yah).— The Chinook salutation, "How are 
 you?" 
 
 Kla-klack-hah (Kla-klack-bahn). — A woman's name. Selish dia- 
 lect. Daughter of Klack-a-mass. 
 
 Kiale (Klail).— Chinook word meaning any dark color, but usually 
 used to mean black or dark blue. 
 
 Klook-wah (Klook-wah).— Qulnault language, west coast of Wash- 
 ington along the Quinault or Quiniault River. Moans "good- 
 bye," or farewell. 
 
 Kloo-kwallie (Klue-kwally).— Quinault language. Name given to 
 the ceremony of the Initiation or graduation of a new medicine 
 man. These rites consist of tortures of various kinds in which 
 fire plays an important part, and last some times for several 
 days and always until the candidate for medical honors Is 
 exhausted. These men are sometimes crippled for life by the 
 horrible tortures inflicted on them by their own hands partly, 
 and partly by the rest of the dancers. The Idea of it all being 
 tp let the mediciop m^n prove }»lm9elt aMe Xq cure 1)19 own 
 
820 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 hurts before he undertakes to cure others. These rites are 
 gone through with generally several times before the doctor 
 is declared fit for his calling, and are always carried on in the 
 winter season. "Of the Kloo-kwallie" is the best description 
 the author is able to give the reader of the actual ceremony, 
 but cold type cannot bring into the scene the frenzy, tho 
 wierdness, and the shivers that chase one another along your 
 spine as you watch these seeming demons dance the Kloo- 
 kwallie. There is a wailing rise and fall to the Indian chant, 
 a subdued fierceness that cannot be described and which can 
 only bn heard when they do not know there are listeners 
 about, and this is the song of the Kloo-kwallie. the song that 
 nobody knows and the English tongue does not contain words 
 that will describe it or that will describe the wildness of a 
 ceremony such as the Kloo-kwallie belter than it is in "Of the 
 Kloo-kwallie." 
 
 Kula-kula (KuU-lah-kuU-law). — Chinook word meaning a bird. 
 Used with a prefix thus, Tyee-Kula-kula the eagle, or to trans- 
 late literally, "the chief bird." 
 
 Klutch-man (Klooch-man). — Chinook word, meaning a woman; 
 "Nlka Klutchman," my wife; "Hiyu Klutchmen," many wo- 
 men. 
 
 Lake of the Mountains.— Lake Union, State of Washington. 
 
 Mah-kook (Maw-cook).— Chinook word meaning "trade or barter. 
 Probably the English word "market" adopted and incorpo- 
 rated into the jargon from intercourse with early traders. 
 
 Ma-sah-chee (Me-saw-che). — Chinook word meaning the opposite 
 of good. Anything that is worse than just plain "bad." 
 
 Medicine bag.— A little bag made of skin usually and containing 
 charms, etc., to ward off evil, sickness, and to bring good luck. 
 The contents are known to the owner, but to no one else, and 
 their potency is immediately lost when any outsider knows 
 what they are composed of. Sometimes the medicine bag is 
 made as a belt and highly ornamented with bead and quill 
 work. 
 
 Mem-a-loose (Mem-a-luce). — Chinook word meaning dead. "Cha- 
 co mem-a-loose," to die. 
 
 
 
VOCABULARY AND HISTORICAL APPENDIX. 321 
 
 Mid-win-nle (Mid-wlnny). — The society of medicine men. The ones 
 who practice medf.cine, magic, religious rites and cast spells. 
 Origin unknown. Common to a great many tribes, but prob- 
 aMy of Dakotah origin. 
 
 Moos-moos (Moos-moos). — Chinook v/ord meaning elk. 
 
 Mowitch (Mow-witch). — Chinook word meaning deer. 
 
 Now-itka (Nowitka).— Chinook word meaning yes. 
 
 Oke-oke (0-koke). -Chinook word meaning either that or this, ac- 
 cording to the way it is used and the motion that accom- 
 panies it. 
 
 Olo (Olo). — Chinook jargon, meaning hungry. 
 
 Opitsah (0-pit-sah).— Chinook word, name of a knife. 
 
 Pelton (Pell-ton). — Chinook word meaning crazy. 
 
 Pil-Chicamun. — Chinook word for gold. Literally, red metal. 
 
 Polikely (Po-like-lie). — Chinook word meaning darkness, night. 
 "Polikely kula-kula," the owl, the night bird. 
 
 Puss-puss (Puss-puss). — Chinook word for the cougar or mountain 
 lion. 
 
 Quaw-te-aht (Quaw-tee-awht). — Name of a mythic character. Ori- 
 gin unknown other than it belongs to some dialect of the Selish 
 tribes. 
 
 Quoots-hoi (Kwoots-hoy). — Name of a mythical witch. Used only 
 in the Thunderbird stories. Selish dialect, but tribe aot 
 known. Probf>l>ly originated with one of the Columbia River 
 tribes who were called Chinook Indians. 
 
 Sah-ha-le (Sah-hay-le). — Chinook word meaning up above. Used 
 in connection with Tah-raah-na-wis to mean the Deity. 
 
 S'amumpsh (S'mum-psh). — Name of a river in the State of Wash- 
 ington called Sam-mam-ish, by the whites. From the Allied 
 Tribes. 
 
 P'doaks (S'ss-doaks). — Hiada language. A man's name. 
 
 Shot-o-lil-ie (Shot-o-lily).— Chinook word. Name of the Huckle- 
 berry. 
 
 Siah (Si-ah).— Chinook word. Far away, a long distance. "Slab 
 Ahncutty," a long timf. ago; "Siah yowah, away over there. 
 
 Siah-ahncutty (Siah-ahn-cutty).— Chinook jargon meaning in the 
 time past. licngth of time is indicated by drawing out the 
 
322 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 . \ 
 
 words £,llgh*ly for a week or so ago, longer for two or three 
 months, and very long for the time before men can remember. 
 
 Siawash (Si- wash).— A name among the whites applied to any In- 
 dian of the west coast irrespective of his tribe. Generally 
 meaning the canoe Indians of Puget Sound and the islands of 
 the Northwest. 
 
 Skall-lal-aye (Skall-lal-a).— Allied tribes. A name for any charm 
 against the Skall-lal-a-toots or fairy folk. 
 
 Skailalatoot (Skal-lal-a-toot). — A fairy. The unseen and unknot u 
 causes that produce strange noises in the woods. Night voices 
 of unknown origin. The makers of mischief. Originated with 
 one of the six tribes who combined under Chief Sealth, or 
 Seattle as the whites pronounce it. These allied tribes were 
 the Moxliepush, D'wampsch, Black River, Shillshole, Lake 
 and T'suc-cuc-cub, the latter being the tribe to which Sealth 
 properly belongeu. Many words contained in "Totem Tales" 
 are from this group of dialects and are spokeii c* as the Allied 
 Tribes when mentioned. 
 
 Skamson (Skam-sun). — Hiada language. Name of the Thunder- 
 biid. This mythical character is also called Ka-ka-itch, Tu- 
 tutsh, T'hlu-Kluts and Hah-ness, each being a different tribal 
 name for the same personage. 
 
 Sko-ko-mish (Sko-ko-msh).— Name of a river emptying into Hood's 
 Canal, Wash.; also name of the Twana tribe of Indians living 
 on its banks and who belong to the Selish or flathead group or 
 family of North American aborigines. 
 
 Skoolt-ka (Skule-t-kah).- -Woman's name from the Hiada lan- 
 guage. 
 
 Snoqualm (Snow-quallm).— The moon. Originated probably with 
 the Snoqualmie tribe. 
 
 Snugwillimie (Snug-will-li-mie).— Quinault language. Used to 
 mean friend, but used by an Indian only to mean an Inoian 
 friend, a white friend being eithar "Tillacum" or "Squintrm." 
 
 Spe-ow (Spee-ow). — A mythical personage whose deeds as told in 
 the legends make hi^ occupy the position of a Creator. Lep- • 
 end of Speow and the Spider is very common among the co? f 
 tribes of the Northwe.st, and "an he obtained wilh slight varia- 
 tions from a dozen or more different sources. 
 
VOCABULARY AND HISTORICAL APPEMDIX. 323 
 
 Spud-te-dock (Spudt-tea-dock).— Twana tribe. A protecting spirit 
 wlio was sometimes represented or personified by a wooden 
 image that was set up in the ground by the medicine man and 
 by him appealed to for v»'.3dom in deep questions. This is the 
 nearest approach to an idol that can be traced among the 
 coast tribes, and while the figure was consulted for knowledge 
 it can hardly be said that this was done in a religious way, 
 but more after the form of voo-doo-ism, the conjure work that 
 is found among all savage tribes. This spirit was merely 
 made in efllgy and this figure consulted and argued with to 
 give the medicine man knowledge of secrets that he was in- 
 terested in. 
 Squinlum (Squind-tum).— A white man. Word of unknown ori- 
 gin. Probably from the Allied Tribes, though «-, may be of 
 Quinault origin. 
 Stickeen (Stick-keen).— The country where tile dead people live 
 
 again. Origin unknown. 
 Sweat Lodge.— A lodge built for the purpose of taking a sweat or 
 a steam bath. This is done by heating stones and dropp.. g 
 them into a wooden trough containing water until steam is 
 generated and th^ one who is taking the bath perspires freely. 
 It is the Indian turkish bath and is used a great deal in sick- 
 ness among them. 
 Tah-mah-na-wis (Taw-maw-na-wiss).— A name applied to anythiBg 
 the Indians cannot understand. A protecting or guardian 
 spirit if used another way. Any thing of a magic nature. 
 Name of the Deity. A Tah-mah-na-wi i man is a doctor, priest, 
 conjurer, and fortune- ifc'ler, a dealej in magic and a maker 
 and destroyer of charms "or good md evil, all in the same 
 personage. "Sah-ha-le Tah-mah-na-wis," the Great Spirit; 
 "Yah-ka Tah-mah-na-wis," a personal guardian spirit; 
 "Tah-mah-na-wis ictas," objects of magic or containing 
 magic properties. "Klale Tah-mah-na-wis," the name of the 
 secret society of Black Magic. Anything too deep for the grasp 
 of the Indian mind is charged to "Tah-mah-na-wis," and ends 
 there, no attempt being made to find out "why." 
 
324 
 
 TOTEM TALES. 
 
 T'hlingits (Thling-gits).— Name of a tribe of Ind^.ans north of Puget 
 Sound. Ti^rritory they occupy runs into tlie Panhandle of 
 Alaska. 
 
 Tillacum (TiU-ia; —Chinook word for friend. 
 
 Tipsu koshoo (Tip-. o-sho). — Chinook word meaning water pig, 
 applied to the hair or harbor seal. 
 
 T'komah (Ti-ko-ma).— A name from the allied tribes applied to 
 any high snow covered peak. Adopted by the whites and used 
 to mean Mount Ranier, called by some people erroneously as 
 Mt. Tacoma. The Indian name for this mountain means "the 
 one that feeds." 
 
 T'kope-mowitch (To-kope-mow-wltch). — The Chinook word mean- 
 ing white goat or white deer. 
 
 T'kope (Ti-kope).— White. Chinook word for the color. "T'kope 
 kula-kula," the sea gull. 
 
 Too-lux (Tu-Iux).— Name of the south wind. Tribal origin not 
 known. Word belongs to some one of the Selish dialects. 
 
 Too-muck (Too-muck). — A name applied to all the demons of In- 
 dian mythology. Chinook word. 
 
 Too-tah (Too-taw). — Name of the thunder. Origin unknown. 
 
 Totem (Totem). — A charm against evil. — A protector. This word 
 is found in universal use among all Indian tribes of Central 
 North America and means the same with all. Origin unknown. 
 
 Totem Pole.— A carved pole of yellow or Alaska cedar, usually. In 
 no sense an idol. The figures on these poles are symbolic and 
 rarely intended as a portrait of the object represented, though 
 they always have some feature that makes their identity plain, 
 as the ears in the figure for the bear, the teeth in the beaver, 
 the tail in the shark and the whale, the teeth and nose in the 
 wolf, etc. The carvings are family history, tribal history, 
 legendary lore and records of various happenings of a far- 
 reaching character. The carving is done by a few carvers in 
 each tribe, the Hiadas being the most expert and the most 
 lavish in designing. Some of these poles are very large and 
 cost a great deal of time and patience in the manufacture, and 
 are priceless in the estimation of their owners. There are still 
 many things connected with them that are wholly unknown 
 
VOCABULARY AND HISTORICAL APPENDIX. 
 
 325 
 
 to the whites and which will likely always remain more or 
 less of a mystery. Close connection and resemblance has 
 been found to exist among the carvings of the totem pole, the 
 monoliths of Yucatan, and the Egyptian stone records, and 
 some points have even been found in common with the idols 
 of the Sandwich Islands and the fetishes among the savages of 
 Africa. All of these things belong more or less to the dark 
 ages before man kept a record of events, and will go down the 
 path of time as profound a mystery as when they first dawned 
 on the horizon of thought and came within the realm of the 
 scholar. They will always be silent records of a vanished 
 people. 
 
 Touats (Tow-at-ss).— Hiada language. A man's name. The name 
 of the mythical hunter who figures in the story of the "Huiiter 
 and the Bear." 
 
 T'schumin (Ti-schum-min).— The instrument used in making ca- 
 noes. Name from the allied tribes. 
 
 T'set-la-lits (Tee-set-see-lay-litz).— From the T'suc-cuc-cub dia- 
 lect and first used to designate the first settlement on the 
 shore of Elliott Bay, Puget Sound, Wash., the site of the pres- 
 ent city of Seattle. 
 
 T'set-shin (Ti-set-shin).— The snake. Origin unknown, but prob- 
 ably from the allied tribes. 
 
 T'sing (T'sd-sing). — Hiada word. The name of the beaver. 
 
 T'solo (T'ss-solo). — Prom the allied tribes, meaning lost one, wild, 
 wanderer. 
 
 Tumchuck (Tum-chuck).— Chinook word, meaning falling water. 
 Applied to any water fall or white rapid in a river. Also name 
 of a swift mountain stream in State of Washington. 
 
 Twana (T-wan-nab). — Name of a tribe of the Selish family of In- 
 dians living on the Sko-ko-mish River. Also called Sko-ko- 
 mish Indians. 
 
 Tyee (Tie-ee). — From the Chinook jargon. A chief or head man of 
 a tribe or family. 
 
 T'zura (T'ss-zum). — Chinook word meaning any object that is 
 painted, printed, written or otherwise marked with color, thus 
 "T'zum-pish." a spotted fish, the trout; "T'zum-papah," a 
 printed or written paper; "T'zum-sail," a painted picture. 
 
TOTEM TALES. 
 
 Wah-wah-hoo (Wah-wah-who).— The frog. Origin unknown, but 
 probably from the Snoqualmie tribe. 
 
 Wee-nat-chee (We-natch-chee).— The rainbow. This name origi- 
 nates east of the Cascade range of mountains, but with what 
 particular tribe is unknown. Probably with the Yahkimahs. 
 
 * Wee-wye-kee (Wee-why-key). — The Indian name of Princess An- 
 geline, one of the daughters of Chief Sealth and a member of 
 the T'suc-cuc-cub tribe who lived around Elliott Bay, Wash. 
 
 Yelth (Yelth).— From the Hiada tribe who live on Queen Char- 
 lotte's Island, B. C. The name for the raven, who is one of 
 the mythical characters with this tribe and considered the 
 benefactor of man. 
 
 NOTE.— Where the letter T' is followed by the apostrophe, 
 as above, the sound of the T is "tiss," as nearly as it can be 
 written, thus makir^ a syllable of itself, as Tiss-so-low, for T'solo. 
 There are many sounds in the Indian tongues that English ha3 
 no equivalent for, so they must be represented by the EngMsh 
 sound or letter coming nearest. 
 
 * This character has died since the writing of the above, and 
 leaves many mourners among the early settlers of Puget Sound. 
 She was a noted character and the mascot of the city of Seattle, 
 because in early days she was instrumental in saving the city 
 from Indian massacre. See History of the State of Washington. 
 
i