IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 // 
 
 
 1.0 V^ U£ 
 
 I.I 
 
 
 2.2 
 2.0 
 
 m 
 
 
 1.25 II ,4 
 
 U^ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 6" - 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sdenoes 
 Corporation 
 
 \ 
 
 4^ 
 
 
 ••\ 
 
 ;\ 
 
 
 23 WIST MAIN STRHT 
 
 «VnSTIR,N.Y. 14SM 
 
 ( 71* ) •72-4303 
 
CIHM/ICMH 
 
 Microfiche 
 
 Series. 
 
 CIHIVI/ICMH 
 Collection de 
 microfiches. 
 
 Canadian Institute for Historical MIcroreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductlons historlques 
 
Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques 
 
 The 
 tot 
 
 The Institute has attempted to obtain the best 
 original copy available for filming. Features of this 
 copy which may be bibllographlcally unique, 
 wliich may alter any of the Images in the 
 reproduction, or which may significantly change 
 the usual method of filming, are checked below. 
 
 D 
 
 n 
 
 n 
 
 Coloured covers/ 
 Couverture de couleur 
 
 I I Covers damaged/ 
 
 Couverture endommag^e 
 
 Covers restored and/or laminated/ 
 Couverture restaur^ et/ou pellicuiAe 
 
 Cover title missing/ 
 
 Le titre de couverture manque 
 
 Coloured maps/ 
 
 Cartes giographlciues en couleur 
 
 Coloured inic (i.e. other than blue or biacic)/ 
 Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) 
 
 r~n Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ 
 
 D 
 
 Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur 
 
 Bound with other material/ 
 RelM avec d'autres documents 
 
 Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion 
 along Interior margin/ 
 
 La re Uure serr6e peut causer de I'ombre ou de la 
 distortion ie long de la marge int^rieure 
 
 Blank leaves added during restoration may 
 appear within the text. Whenever possible, these 
 have been omitted from filming/ 
 II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouttes 
 lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, 
 mais, lorsque cela Atait possible, ces pages n'ont 
 pas 6tA filmtes. 
 
 Additional comments:/ 
 Commentalres supplAmentaires: 
 
 L'Institut a microfilm^ ie mellleur exemplaire 
 qu'il iui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Les details 
 de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-Atre uniques du 
 point de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier 
 une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une 
 modification dans la methods normale de f limage 
 sont indiqute ci-dessous. 
 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 
 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 n 
 
 D 
 D 
 
 Coloured pages/ 
 Pages de couleur 
 
 Pages damaged/ 
 Pages endommagdes 
 
 Pages restored and/or laminated/ 
 Pages restaurtes et/ou pelllcuites 
 
 Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ 
 Pages d^colortes, tachettes ou piqutes 
 
 Pages detached/ 
 Pages ditachtes 
 
 Showthrough/ 
 Transparence 
 
 Quality of print varies/ 
 Qualit^ InAgale de I'lmpression 
 
 Includes supplementary material/ 
 Comprend du materiel suppl4mentaire 
 
 Only edition available/ 
 Seule Mition disponible 
 
 Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata 
 slips, tissues, etc., have been ref limed to 
 ensure the best possible image/ 
 Les pages totalament ou partleilement 
 obscurcles par un feulllet d'errata, une pelure, 
 etc., ont At€ filmtes A nouveau de fapon A 
 obtenir la mellleure image possible. 
 
 The 
 pos 
 of 
 film 
 
 Orif 
 
 beg 
 
 the 
 
 sion 
 
 othi 
 
 first 
 
 sion 
 
 orii 
 
 The 
 shal 
 TINl 
 whic 
 
 Map 
 dIffJ 
 enti^ 
 begii 
 right 
 requ 
 mett 
 
 This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ 
 
 Ce document est fiimA au taux de reduction indlquA cl-dessous. 
 
 10X 14X 18X 22X 
 
 12X 
 
 16X 
 
 20X 
 
 26X 
 
 30X 
 
 X 
 
 24X 
 
 28X 
 
 32X 
 
Th« copy filmed h«r« has bMn r«produc«d thanks 
 to tha ganarosity of: 
 
 New Brunswick iVIuieum 
 Saint Jolin 
 
 Tha imagas appearing hara ara tha baat quality 
 possibia considaring tha condition and iagibillty 
 of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha 
 filming contract spacificationa. 
 
 Original copiaa in printad papar covars ara filmad 
 beginning with tha front covar and ending on 
 tha iaat page with a printad or illuatratad impree- 
 sion, or the back covar when appropriate. All 
 other original copiaa are filmed beginning on the 
 first pege with a printed or illustrated imprea* 
 sion, and ending on the iaat page with a printed 
 or illuatratad impreesion. 
 
 The last recorded freme on eech microfiche 
 shall contain the symbol ^^^ (meening "CON- 
 TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), 
 whichever appliaa. 
 
 IMaps, pitttas. charts, etc., may be filmed at 
 different reduction ratioa. Thoae too large to be 
 entirely included in one expoaura are filmed 
 beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to 
 right and top to bottom, as many frames as 
 required. The following diagrams illustrate the 
 method: 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 L'axamplaira filmA fut reproduit grAce d la 
 g^nArositA de: 
 
 New Brunswick Museum 
 Saint Jolin 
 
 Las imagas suivantas ont iti raproduites avac le 
 plus grand soin. compta tenu da la condition et 
 da la nattet* da l'axamplaira flim«. at m 
 conformity avac las conditions du contrat da 
 filmage. 
 
 Lea exemplairas originaux dont la couvartura en 
 papier est imprimte sent fiimAs an commancant 
 par la premier plat at 9n tarminant soit par la 
 darnlAre page qui comporte una empreinte 
 d'imprassion ou d'illustration. soit par la second 
 plat, salon le cas. Tous las autras exemplairas 
 originaux sont filmte •n commandant par la 
 premiere pege qui comporte une amprainta 
 d'impreaaion ou d'illustration at an tarminant par 
 la darnlAre pege qui comporte une telle 
 empreinte. 
 
 Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la 
 darnlAre image de cheque microfiche, salon la 
 cas: la symbols -^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le 
 symbols ▼ signifie "FIN". 
 
 Les cartea, planches, tableaux, ate, pauvant dtre 
 filmte A das taux da rMuction diff^rants. 
 Lorsqua le document est trop grand pour dtra 
 reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film* A partir 
 da I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche d droita, 
 at de haut en baa. an pranant la nombra 
 d'imagea nAcessaire. Las diagrammes suivants 
 illustrant la mAthoda. 
 
 32X 
 
i 
 
 ! S! 
 
 fi 
 
 'I 
 
2t 
 
 \ 
 
 SECOND 
 
 ANNUAL REPORT 
 
 OF 
 
 THE CHIEF COMMISSIONER 
 
 OP 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
 i 
 
 PUBLIC WOEKS 
 
 1856. 
 
 FREDERICTON : 
 
 J. lUiriOir, PBIMTKB TO TBI ^ubbb's voot atciitiiT ukimt. 
 
 1857. 
 
 tl 
 
 \\ 
 
 ii 
 
 T 
 
 /li 
 
m 
 
 Z' 
 
 «i' 1 1 
 
 I :; 
 
 - ' I' F^''! 
 

 GENERAL REPORT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CHIEF COMMISSIONER OF PUBLIC WORKS 
 
 FOR THE YEAR ISSft. 
 
 1'^ 
 
 Office of Board of Works, 
 
 Fredericton, January, 1857. 
 
 To His Excellency the Honorable John Henry Thomas Manners-Sntton, 
 
 Lieutenant Governor and Commander in Chief of the Province of New 
 Brunswick, Sjc. Sjc. S^c, 
 
 May it please Your Excellency, 
 
 The undersigned has the honor to submit the following 
 General Report for the year 1856, in accordance with the 
 provisions of the Act 18 Vic. cap. 7, sec. 2, by which it is 
 enacted that "The Chief Commissioner shall annually make 
 a Report to the Governor in Council of all the Great Roads, 
 and any other Provincial Work, (excepting Bye Roads,) upon 
 which public money has been expended." To this Report 
 are appended the following statements, viz : — 
 
 A. — Statement shewing the amount expended by the Board 
 of Works during the year, under the different heads of Super- 
 visors' Expenditure on Great Roads, Expenditure on Bridges, 
 Light Houses, Government Buildings, Dredging Machine, Navi- 
 gation of Rivers, Travelling Expenses, and Contingencies. 
 Also, Statement of Warrants on the Provincial Treasury, 
 and General Abstract. 
 
 B. — Statement shewing amount of Grant to each Road and 
 Supervisor, with the length of Road, number of Bridges costing 
 £25 each and upwards, and Estimate of Expenditure for next 
 year. 
 
 
C — Statement of amounts over or under-ezpeniJed by the 
 Supervisors, on the Ist of Novi-mber 1856. 
 
 D. — List of new Bridges built tbe last season, with principal 
 dimensions and cost of each. 
 
 E.— Colonel Maclouchlan's Report on the in»provement of 
 the Navigation of the River Saint John. 
 
 GREAT ROADS AND BRIDGES. 
 
 GENERAL OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 The recent formation of the Board, the late date at whicb 
 the present Commissioners accepted oiBcc, and the consequent 
 impossibility of at once introducing tHie' whole of the changes 
 necessary to the comj)lete working of u new system, have not 
 per rr>il ted during the past year any great aiterntionin the method 
 ol management heretofore employed, and with the exception 
 of Slime of the larger Bridges, and new works specially super- 
 intended by this Department, the whole of the ordinary Road 
 work and Bridge building have been carried on under the 
 foraier system of Supervisorshrp, aided by plans and surveys, 
 when necessary, fronj this Office. In the earlier prosecirtion- 
 of these Public Works, no better system could probably be 
 devised, than the employment of Supervisors, who are by their 
 loi-al influence ami inisition necessarHy acquainted with the 
 recpiiremonts of their own district, and personally interested in- 
 its welfare and developuient ; and considering the difficulties 
 tliiit had to be encountered, and the co-nrpa-ratively smalt means, 
 coiripared with the length of Road to l>c covered, that have 
 been plac(!d at their disposal, it must be admitted that the 
 piTwctH state of th(! Roads and Bridges is generally creditable 
 U) tht! m(!ii who have had the management of these puiilic 
 tiioroirghffircs. The number of these Roads have however 
 iricroHsed, tlie annual requirements for enlarged facilities and 
 superior workmanship have grown with the progress of the 
 ri'imtry; and the auirmerited travel has rendered the repairs 
 
xpenJed by tfie 
 n, with principal 
 iroprovement of 
 
 
 rLiSr 
 
 ate date at wliicl? 
 nd the consequent 
 olc of the changes 
 f system, have not 
 •alion in the method 
 ivith the exception 
 •ks specially super- 
 the ordinary Road 
 ■ried on under the 
 plans and survey?, 
 earlier prosecution- 
 could probably be 
 )rs, who are by their 
 icquninted with the 
 •sonally interested in 
 erinj? the diflSculties 
 patively small means, 
 J covered, that have 
 le admitted thai the 
 I jrenerally creditable 
 nent of these puiilic 
 Roads have however 
 enlarged facilities and 
 I the progress of the 
 rendered the repaire- 
 
 BTid improvements of the Road^a matter of rnorc constant rare 
 than formerly, and placed it hoyntid the means of private imli- 
 viduals, otherwise occupied, to bestow the nocossary time and 
 attention to a mtlier, for them, unprofitable employment. The 
 <;las8 of worTts that have been recently niideitiilien, more es- 
 pecially, have required a constant atteiKioii and vijrileiire, that 
 'Could not have been bestowed upon thetii tinder the «ild system, 
 whilst the preparation of plans, and the Mcensary ofllc*; work, 
 would have been a serious addition to the aliehdy (lis|tro|H)r- 
 tionate expense of management. The niimlter of Siipervis<»is 
 has been re<luced this last year from forty ei<|:lit to thirty six, 
 and the remuneration from £,2,^)00, or an average (»f ovt-r C^tl 
 each, to £1,500, or less than £42 average; no per rentage 
 having been paid upon the expenditure by this Roard on the 
 heavier and more permanent works that have been undertaken; 
 and aa more of these works fall within the operation of 
 the Board, and the consequent amount to be expended upon 
 minor repairs is reduced, the amount of per centage to Siip(;r- 
 visors would soon cease to recompense any one undertaking 
 the office ; the length of Road increasing, and involving a loss 
 of time and expense of travelling altogether unrequited by the 
 usual 10 per cent, allowance The Chief Commissioner would 
 therefore humbly suggest tor Your Excellency's consideration, 
 the propriety of modifying the present system, and so fur 
 reducing the number of districts, as to occupy the whole time 
 and attention of each Supervisor, who would be paid by salary 
 from this Office, acting immediately under the orders and 
 instractions of the Chief Commissioner, and reporting con- 
 stantly every particular of his division. 
 
 The appointment of the Supervisors has hitherto been, by 
 law, in the month of March, their duties commencing on the 1st 
 of April, and the term for one year. It is further required 
 that no day labor shall be done after the 1st of October, and 
 that the Vouchers and Accounts of the expenditure shall be 
 sent to the Audit Office before the 15th of Novemlier, which 
 virtually closes the Supervisors duties. This arrangement 
 precludes any wort being done during six months of the year ; 
 
 L! I' 
 
6 
 
 ■ i 
 
 M i 
 
 the best season for procuring all sorts of timber and sawn 
 lumber, for hauling supplies, gravel, building stone, and per- 
 manent materials ; for erecting Bridges, ur doing any repairs 
 that temporarily interrupt the thoroughfare ; and the only time 
 when the sap of the trees is down, and a proper description of 
 timber can be procured for the culverts and smaller Bridges. 
 A great proportion of the outlay in the construction of the 
 Roads, and by far the greater quantity of repairing afterwards, 
 is thus compelled to be done at the wrong season of the year; 
 and the almost universally expressed wish of the Supervisors to 
 have the material of the Bridges obtained in the winter, when 
 the expense is probably one half, and the timber better, is 
 necessarily disregarded, from the Accounts at that season being 
 closed, and no provision having been made for the carrying on 
 of any description of road work. For the same reason, and 
 this is especially the case in opening out new Roads, or making 
 deviations, it is almost impossible to use any description of 
 timber but such as may be found in the neighbourhood ; the 
 haulage of stone, excepting upon the snow, could not be 
 attempted, and the procurement, in short, of any thing but the 
 worthless soft woods bordering the Creeks and Rivers, wh'ch 
 it is necessary to cross, being rendered difficult and expensive 
 by this necessity of summer work. It has not been from want 
 of knowledge, or disregard of the public service, that many an 
 inconsiderable stream in New Brunswick has cost as much as 
 would have built a cut stone Bridge, but from the necessity of 
 using the native growth of a swampy bottom, aggravated by 
 being cut at the worst season of the year. The rapid destruc- 
 tion and rotting of these Bridges has not only kept them in a 
 perpetually rickety condition, but has absorbed so much of the 
 means at disposal, us to leave the road-bed as a minor, or at 
 least a more neglected, consideration ; and thus in some swampy 
 and low-lying districts, the state of the road has been totally dis- 
 regarded, and become bad, not from penurious grants on the 
 part of the Legislature, or reckless expenditure on the part of the 
 Supervisor, but because the whole sum at disposal has been 
 required every summer to replace the rotting piles of hemlock 
 
)er and sawn 
 :one, and per- 
 ng any repairs 
 (1 the only time 
 
 description of 
 laller Bridges, 
 ruction of the 
 
 ng afterwards, 
 on of the year ; 
 
 Supervisors to 
 e winter, when 
 mber better, is 
 lat season being 
 the carrying on 
 Tie reason, and 
 oads, or making 
 y description of 
 hbourhood ; the 
 ', could not be 
 ny thing but the 
 id Rivers, wh'ch 
 It and expensive 
 t been from want 
 ce, that many an 
 I cost as much as 
 n the necessity of 
 (1, aggravated by 
 he rapid destruc- 
 y kept them in a 
 ed so much of the 
 as a minor, or at 
 sin some swampy 
 as been totally dis- 
 ous grants on the 
 eonthepartofthe 
 disposal has been 
 ^ piles of hemlock 
 
 logs, by other structures equally short-livod, and equally extra- 
 vagant in their cost, in comparison with tlic duty performed. 
 
 The manner of letting the Road contracts is another evil in 
 the system, and hos not been favoralilc to the production of 
 sound work. The Supervisor is compelled by luw, to sell the 
 making of the Roads, &,c. by auction, and to accept the lowest 
 bid. The parties tendering are generally the poor jjack set- 
 tlers of the district, always anxious to obtain reody money 
 employment, perfectly ignorant of the value of the work, or 
 how it is to be done, and led on by a spirit of competition to 
 makesome of the most egregious ofTcrs and inconsistent engage- 
 ments. These bids are generally so numy unfortunate guesses, 
 and the work has to be performed often ut Is. and Is. (5d. 
 per day, without any knowledge of the commonest principles 
 of Road making, under no supervision, and in the most super- 
 ficial and rudest manner possible. Some little latitude in let- 
 ting these contracts, and the constant attendance of a person 
 who can point out exactly what has to be done, giving particu- 
 lars and quantities, and whose duty it would be to visit the 
 work frequently whilst in progress, would obviate a part of 
 the difficulty, prevent the present trickery and irregularity, 
 and ensure a better system of working, and a more faithful 
 and efficient performance of the contract. 
 
 On lines not yet opened through, and when the Road is only 
 partially completed, the present legal method of doling out 
 these small contracts, without any ade«|uato supervision, has 
 been extravagant and useless, and caused some of the Great 
 Roads to be practically unserviceable as means of through 
 communication. The outlay year after year, fails to complete 
 the connexion and open the district to through travel, causing 
 the settlementsto remain isolated and unknown, and theBridges 
 and Road work are decayed, before they are fairly brought 
 into use. Eight of the forty two Great Roads are still un- 
 finished the whole distance, and the want of four of them, at 
 least, is a great drawback upon the settlement and develop- 
 ment of the districts through which they pass. To illustrate 
 the heavy expense of this unfinished work, and the failure of 
 
 M 
 
 ! I 
 
 
8 
 
 ;l ■' 
 
 
 the present fyitetn to fulfil the requirements of the Great Road 
 Service, the line from Oak Bay to Eel River may ho instanced. 
 This Road, if completed, would form an important line of 
 communication from St. Andrews, St. Stephens, Calais, and 
 Baring, to the Agricultural districts of Woodstock and the 
 Upper St. John, saving at least twenty miles, over the present 
 route through the State of Maine, via Houlton, and opening 
 up two or three very flourishing settlements. In 1846, of the 
 sixty miles of this road, thirty two were in good travelling 
 condition, the remainder were more or less completed, and the 
 only two Bridges of any size on the whole road, occurred in 
 this unused portion, and were then in good order. In ten 
 years, Grants to the amount of £4,930 have beea expended, 
 besides the Statute labour, which has probably been sufficient 
 to maintain the travelled portion of the line. The Road is still 
 impassable throughout, the two Bridges have decayed, and one of 
 them been rebuilt the last smson at a cost of JCIOO ; and of the 
 twenty eight miles still unfinished, the Supervisor reports, that 
 fifteen miles at the north end will require £2000 to complete 
 it for ordinary traffic. 
 
 The Roads from Dead Water Brook to Saint Stephens, 
 being the main line from Fredericton to the United States; 
 dnd from Lower Trout Brook to Magaguadavic, completing 
 the communication from Fredericton to the Town of Magagua- 
 davic, would form, if opened through, two very important lines 
 of travel, and are at present but partially serviceable from 
 their unfinished and impassable condition, where they connect 
 with the Fredericton and Saint Andrews Road. 
 
 The number of miles of Great Road in the Province is 
 1,630; of larger Bridges, 470; and of smaller ones, about 
 1,400. Of the former only 3 are entirely of imperishable 
 materials, and 36 have stone abutments with wooden super- 
 structure. About 100 of the larger Bridges have cedar 
 abutments, well built, and of durable character ; the rest are 
 principally of hemlock, much of it cut the wrong season of the 
 year, peeled for the sake of the bark and to lighten the haulage, 
 and improperly notched down and secured ; these Bridges all 
 
9 
 
 Great Road 
 instanced, 
 tant line of 
 Calais, and 
 }ck and the 
 the present 
 and opening 
 1846, of the 
 od travelling 
 eted, and the 
 occurred in 
 ■der. In ten 
 !e> expended, 
 teen sufficient 
 le Road is still 
 yed,andonenf 
 )0; and of the 
 Ir reports, that 
 bo to complete 
 
 laint Stephens, 
 United States; 
 iric, completing 
 n of Magngua- 
 important lines 
 irviceable frona 
 re they connect 
 
 • 
 
 he Province is 
 ler ones, about 
 of imperishable 
 wooden super- 
 [es have cedar 
 sr ; the rest are 
 ng season of the 
 ten the haulage, 
 hese Bridges all 
 
 fail within 12, and ninny of them within 10 years, and the 
 perpetual repetition of tho same description of work, lins miule 
 some of the worst Roads in the Province by far the most 
 extravagant in outlay. 
 
 The arrangements for the past ycr.r had been completed, 
 tho greater portion of the work either done or contracted fur, 
 and the annual appropriations so far expended before the 
 present Commission accepted office, that but little remained for 
 them but to assist as far as possible in carrying out the views of 
 their predecessors, and to collect as much local and general 
 information as would prejiare them, another season, for a more 
 complete and thorough organi/.ation of the important duties 
 under their charge. 
 
 GREAT ROADS. 
 
 No. 1. 
 
 From Saint John to the Nova Scotia Line. 
 
 132 Miles. 
 
 This Road throughout is in a good state of repair. Tltc 
 whole of the Bridges damaged by the great Freshet of 1851, 
 have been rebuilt in a substantial and durable manner, and 
 with the exception of the one at Hampton Ferry, are all open 
 to the public. The particulars of this Bridge, and also of the 
 Hammond River and Missiquash, built under the direction of 
 the Board of Works, and finished this season, will be found 
 under their respective headings. Besides these, two new 
 Bridges have been built over the Mill Stream and Fox Creek, 
 by the Supervisors of the districts. The latter is a short 
 Bridge on framed bents of Spruce ; the former has Hacmatuc 
 abutments hewn 10 inches square, and bolted together from 
 top to bottom ; 75 feet span, supported with Queen post 
 trusses of Pine and Hacmatac, and Pine plank flooring, the 
 superstructure planed, and painted with three coats. 
 
 Besides the new Bridges, the particulars of which will be 
 found in the Appendix, some heavy repairs have been put upoa 
 
10 
 
 the others. The long Bridge across the Aboideau near Saint 
 Joiin, has licen walled up on each side, raised solid with stone, 
 and fenced, at a cost of £125. 
 
 • The Bridge over the Marsh at Groom's Cove has been rc- 
 framed and partially refloored, at an expense of £55. This 
 Bridge is now nineteen years old, and will not stand over two 
 years more, the present repairs being merely to keep it safe till 
 the new one is built. Its original cost was about £400, and 
 when it is replaced it should be with a solid embankment, 
 and a water course of about 10ft. span. The cubical contents 
 would be about 12,000 yards, and the total cost, including 
 culvert and railings, will be, complete, about £800. 
 
 The Bridge at Roache's, 45 miles from St. John, built in 
 1855, was strained by having a herd of cattle driven over it 
 in a bmly, and has been this season strengthened and repaired 
 at a cost of £24, to guard against a recurrence of the mischief. 
 This Bridge has two 75 feet spans, supported by the ordinary 
 truss, and is only 16 feet between the railings, which is 4 feet 
 less than the usual breadth, and shews the advantage of having 
 these spans kept within narrower limits than might be neces- 
 sary on long framed Bridges; as the weight of such a drove on 
 a breadth of 22 or 24 feet, might under many circumstances 
 have caused the destruction of the whole. 
 
 Between Saint John and Hayward's Mills, 65 miles, there 
 is only one small Bridge, excepting Groom's Cove mentioned 
 above, that will require rebuilding, it is hoped, for a number of 
 years. This is over a ravine at Morton's, Upper Sussex, has 
 been standing 17 years, and will cost next year about £125 to 
 replace it. There is however a very heavy traffic, and the 
 repairs of the Road are estimated at £500 per annum, for this 
 half of the distance. 
 
 Between Hayward's Mills and the Nova Scotian line, 67 
 miles, the expenditure the last season has been principally in 
 turnpiking and gravelling, which though expensive, from the 
 distance the gravel has to be hauled in some places, makes the 
 most durable and ultimately economical road. The Bridges 
 will want some repairs next season, principally hand-railing 
 and new covering, and the estimate for all purposes is £700. 
 
11 
 
 ideau near Saint 
 solid with stone, 
 
 ovc has been ro- 
 se of £55. This 
 ot stand over two 
 to keep it safe till 
 about £400, and 
 ilid embankment, 
 e cubical contents 
 al cost, including 
 t £800. 
 
 St. John, built in 
 ittle driven over it 
 ened and repaired 
 ice of the mischief, 
 ed by the ordinary 
 igs, which is 4 feet 
 dvantage of having 
 in might be noccs- 
 ; of such a drove on 
 lany circumstances 
 
 lis, 65 miles, there 
 I's Cove mentioned 
 »ed, for a number of 
 Upper Sussex, has 
 year about £125 to 
 ivy traffic, and the 
 per annum, for this 
 
 va Scotian line, 67 
 been principally in 
 xpensive, from the 
 le places, makes the 
 oad. The Bridges 
 icipally hand-railing 
 I purposes is £700. 
 
 The Bridge over the Tantamnr River, on Town's lattice 
 principle, has been for some time in a bad state. Last Spring 
 the centre pier was again badly damaged by the ice, and 
 several of the beams and braces of the truss were broken. 
 Its reconstruction next year will be necessary. The remaining 
 large Bridges are in a very fair condition, and unless injured 
 by ice or accident, will need nothing for some time, but the 
 ordinary repairs. 
 
 No. 2. 
 
 From Saint John In Saint Andrexcs. 
 
 66 Miles. 
 
 From Saint John to Lepreau, 26 miles, the Road is in very 
 fair condition ; from thence to Magaguadavic the Road is Hat, 
 the drainage defective, and the ditches obstructed with fallen 
 logs and underbrush, requiring skirting and ditching most of 
 the distance ; beyond Magaguaduvic, to Suint Andrews, it is 
 in much better condition, but rough and hilly. 
 
 During the last year the Board of Works have erected a new 
 Bridge over the Musquash, and another new Bridge across the 
 Popologan has been built and paid for out of the Great Road 
 money. The dimensions and particulars of the Popologan 
 Bridge arc given with the others built by the Road Supervisors 
 in Appendix D. 
 
 No new Bridges of large dimensions will be necessary on this 
 Road for some time, but during the next season there are four 
 smaller ones which it will be necessary to rebtiild, at a total 
 cost of £260, and it is desirable that the timber for these should 
 be procured during this Winter, especially for the New River, 
 where the haulage will be from four to six miles, and the pro- 
 curing of proper materials, except in the Winter, difficult and 
 expensive. The estimate for next year, including: the new 
 Bridges and skirting the Road from Lepreau to Magaguadavii^ 
 is £700; and besides this necessary expenditure, there are 
 some steep pitches and bad places, especially between Saint 
 Andrews and the Digdeguash, which might be altered or 
 avoided at trifling expense, and which, when judiciously effi;cted, 
 will be a great improvement to the travelling. 
 
 ( 
 
 f! , 
 
 i .■ 
 
i' ,1 
 
 No. 3. 
 
 Protn the Bend to Shcdiac, 
 
 14 Miles. 
 
 ThisRoad is in tolerable travelling condition, butthe material 
 
 in the neighbourhood is not of a good quality for Road making, 
 
 »nd the traffic upon it is so great, and annually increasing, 
 
 that it requires in proportion to its length, a large sun. to 
 
 keep it in repair. There are no Rivcirs on the route, and 
 
 the largest Bridge on the line has been rebuilt the last season 
 
 at an expense of £18. The Grant last year was £200, and 
 
 the estimate for this year is the same. 
 
 No. 4. 
 
 From Dorchester to Shediac. 
 
 21 Miles. 
 
 It would require a large outlay to put this Road in 
 
 'thoroughly good condition, the Bridges are old, and the Road 
 
 material is not good. The greater portion of the annual 
 
 Grant has generally been absorbed in the necessary repairs to 
 
 the Bridges, leaving but a small sum to make any permanent 
 
 improvement elsewhere. During the last season the Mem- 
 
 ■ramcook, and Scadooc West Branch Bridges, have been 
 
 repaired; but the former is still very much out of order, and 
 
 ought to be rebuilt; and both it and the Dorchester Bridge 
 
 will need next year heavy repairs to keep them passable and 
 
 safe. The estimate for these two is £90, and the rest of the 
 
 Road can be kept to its present condition for about £60, 
 
 making a total requirement of £150 for the incoming season. 
 
 No. 5. 
 
 From Shcdiac to Richibucio, 
 
 36 Miles. 
 
 This Road though only 36 miles long, has in that distance 
 
 113 Bridges of large size, P of smaller dimensions, costing from 
 
 £12 to £25 each, and 94 culverts costing from £2 to £10 
 
 each. The Bridges across the Cocagne, Shediac, Bi^ and 
 
lilt the material 
 Road making, 
 illy increasing, 
 large sun. to 
 the route, and 
 the last season 
 ■was £200, and 
 
 this Road in 
 d, and the Road 
 
 of the annual 
 lessary repairs to 
 
 any permanent 
 eason the Mem- 
 Igea, have been 
 lut of order, and 
 orchester Bridge 
 em passable and 
 d the rest of the 
 for about £60, 
 
 incoming season. 
 
 3 in that distance 
 ions, costing from 
 from £2 to £10 
 hediac, Bi^ and 
 
 Little Buctouche, and Richibucto, are collectively upwards of 
 one and a quarter miles in length, and cost together £6,900,. 
 or about £1 currency per running foot. 
 
 During the past season no new Bridges have been built, but 
 within the last two years, all the Bridge coverings have been 
 renewed, and the other portions substantially repaired, so that 
 excepting accidents, there will be no new Bridges to build, or 
 heavy repairs to make next year. Probably £50 will do for 
 the Bridges. The side drains for the greater part of the Road 
 have never been cleaned out since the Road was made, and 
 other portions are worn flat, but it is generally in good order, 
 and for the next season £250 will be sufficient to maintuin it 
 in the same condition. The large Bridge across the Richibucto 
 begins to shew signs of weakness, but will probably not retpiirc 
 any outlay upon it for some time to come. It was built in 
 1848, and cost £2,400. 
 
 The culverts in thisdistrict require renewing every ?ixth year, 
 the covering of the large Bridges will scarcely stand five years, 
 and all logs above low water mark require renewing ever) 
 fifteen years; the present satisfactory condition of these struc- 
 tures is therefore above the average, and next year's estimate 
 of £300 is consequently less than tlie ordinary an^nual require- 
 ment of the Road. 
 
 Na6. 
 From Richibucto to Chatham. 
 40 Miles. 
 During the past year the Bridge across the Big North West 
 Richibucto has had 240 feet of the south end rebuilt at a cosJ 
 of £135; and the north end built in 1845, has been thoroughly 
 repaired at a cost of £100, making the whole eqiml to a further 
 durability of 15 years. The Bridge across the Little Bay di: 
 Vent has also been repaired, but wil? require entirely rebuild- 
 ing next year. The rest of the Bridges are in a very goo(J 
 state, and will not need more than occasional repairs for 4 or 
 S years. The Road generally is in a fair travelling condition.. 
 From Chatham to Black River, 8 miles, has been thoroughly 
 
 H 
 
 I 
 
,mi 
 
 14 
 
 repaired tiiis season, and is now in very good order ; from 
 thence to Dickens', 8 miles, is low swampy land, many parts 
 requiring to be rctiirnpikcd ; titencc to Kouchibouguac, 10 
 miles, has been repaired lately and is in a very fair state ; 
 to Kouchibouguacis, 7 miles, will require some work next 
 season ; and to Richibucto, 7 miles, has been nearly all turn- 
 piked this year, but from the nature of the soil, which is nearly 
 all clay, and from the heavy travel, is liable to be cut up. 
 The total estimate for next year, including the new Bridge, 
 which will cost £6 *, is £400. 
 
 No. 7. 
 
 From Miramichi to Pokevwuche. 
 
 621 Miles. 
 
 The annual appropriations on this Road have been hitherto 
 principally expended in opening the line through to Pokc- 
 mouche, and dispensing, a? fur as possible, with the incon- 
 venience of the numerous ferries. The amount left for the 
 Road itself, after making the necessary repairs to existing 
 Bridges, has been consequently too small to keep it at all in 
 proper condition, and it is now in many places worn so flat 
 as to retain the surface water. This is especially the case 
 above Tabusintac, where the Road was originally badly located, 
 and where two important deviations have been laid out, to 
 complete which will involve the construction of three miles and 
 a half of new Road, and a further outlay of JC375. Two of 
 the old Bridges on the line are very much decayed, and one 
 especially at Alex. Stewart's is now in a dangerous state, and 
 must be rebuilt next year. 
 
 The principal work of the year has been the Bridge at the 
 Little Tracadie, to supersede the Ferry, which is now com- 
 plete, except the railing. Up to the date of the last Report 
 JC240 had been expended in procuring materials, and during 
 the past season, the erection and completion of the Bridge at 
 a further expenditure of £575 has been successfully effected. 
 The whole structure is 617 feet long, has two spans of 70 feet 
 each, and a draw to allow boats to pass, the remainder being 
 
)(! order ; from 
 nd, many parts 
 chibouguac, 10 
 very fair state ; 
 )me work next 
 nearly all turn- 
 which is nearly 
 to be cut up. 
 ic new Bridge, 
 
 e. 
 
 ive been hitherto 
 I rough to Poke- 
 with the incon- 
 ount left for the 
 )airs to existing 
 keep it at all in 
 ices worn so flat 
 pecially the case 
 illy badly located, 
 icen laid out, to 
 )f three miles and 
 ■ £375. Two of 
 lecayed, and one 
 gerous state, and 
 
 the Bridge at the 
 iiich is now com- 
 f the last Report 
 trials, and during 
 of the Bridge at 
 cessfully effected. 
 <3 spans of 70 feet 
 ! remainder being 
 
 15 
 
 built up solid with hemlock logs, cut in the winter, well fastened 
 down, and covered with gravel, for a road way. The spans 
 are supported by double Queen post trusses, the materials of 
 which, as well as the stringers and flooring, are entirely of 
 white pine. The whole cost of this Bridge has been uji to the 
 present time £813 14 8, of which £100 was expended in 
 1854, £138 lOs. in 1855, and £575 4 8 in 1850. Of this 
 last £50 has been derived from a special grant of the County 
 of Gloucester, and the balance from the Great Road money. 
 The draw, though not included in the original estimate, was 
 subsequently found necessary and has been included. 
 
 The next heavy expenditure on this Road will be the Bridge 
 to supersede the present Ferry at Tubusintac, thirty four miles 
 from Miramichi. The breadth of the stream nt this place to 
 be spanned originally was 1000 feet, and by reference to 
 the last Report, it will be seen that at that date 1100 
 feet at the north end had been completed, and the remain- 
 ing 500 feet, to cross the current, was estimated to cost 
 £700. Since then the arrears on the part finished have been 
 discharged, and a contract has been let fur the supply of 
 the whole of the timber for the remaining portion, on very 
 favourable terms. This timber is to be on the ground by the 
 1st of June next, the hemlock being all cut during the present 
 winter. As at Little Tracadie, it is found necessary to intro- 
 duce a draw for the purposes of navigation, and the estimate 
 includes beside the construction of a Bridge over a Hollow at 
 the north end of the present Bridge, being in fact a continuation 
 of it, and equally important. With these additions the cost of 
 completion will be about £900, including the contract for the 
 timber recently let, which amounts to £.328 G 2. When this 
 Bridge is completed, there will only remain one ferry, across 
 the Big Tracadie, between the Pokemouche and Miramichi. 
 The estimate for the next year includes £120 for the Bridge 
 at Stewart's Brook, £150 for general repairs to Roads and 
 Bridges, and £330 for timber, &c. for Tabusintac. Besides 
 these necessary expenditures, amounting to £600, there are 
 still to complete the alteration at the north side of Little 
 
« 
 
 V 
 
 16 
 
 Tracadie £250, the deviation at Tiig Tracadie, 1{ mile Ton^, 
 £125, and the erection and completion of Tabusintac Bridge 
 £500, a portion of which may probably be postponed to 
 another season. 
 
 No. 8. 
 
 From Bathurst to Pokemouche. 
 
 51 Miles. 
 
 The greater portion of the expenditure the kist year has 
 been upon the Road, which had fallen into very bad condition. 
 More than 12 miles have been thoroughly dressed up and 
 repaired at a cost of £130. One small Bridge has been built, 
 and repairs made upon 8 others. The south abutment of the 
 Bridge over the North Branch of Caraquet, 32 miles from 
 Bathurst, built in 1847 of small sapling pine, sided, and notched 
 down close, then filled up with marsh mud and gravel, having 
 slipped from its place about 3 feet down stream, was contracted 
 this summer to be emptied and restored to its position, but it 
 proved so decayed as to involve the building of an entirely new 
 abutment. This will require to be attended to, and it is pro- 
 posed to reconstruct it altogether of cedar. Besides this there 
 are two other Bridges which will require rebuilding next year; 
 both of them are now 20 years old, and very much dilapidated. 
 The estimate includes £300 for these three Bridges, and £100 
 for the general repairs of the Road and culverts ; making a 
 total of £400 that will be necessary for next year. £400 of 
 last year's Grant was retained in the hands of the Board for 
 the purpose of completing 900 feet of a block on the north side 
 of the present Caraquet Ferry, in addition to two Special 
 Grants for the County of Gloucester, which were estimated to 
 be sufficient to procure the timber for the same. The particu- 
 lars of this proposed expenditure are given in the last Annual 
 Report, but the appropriations still remain undrawn from the 
 Treasury, the year being too far advanced, when the present 
 Commissioners accepted office, to permit the advantageous 
 expenditure of the same this season 
 
lie, IJ mile lon^, 
 'abusintac Bridge 
 be postponed to 
 
 
 he. 
 
 the last year has 
 rery bad condition, 
 dreased up and 
 dge has been built, 
 th abutment of the 
 et, 32 miles from 
 , sided, and notched 
 and gravel, having 
 5am, was contracted 
 a its position, but it 
 igof an entirely new 
 !cd to, and it is pro- 
 , Besides this there 
 ebuilding next year; 
 ry much dilapidated. 
 B Bridges, and jElOO 
 culverts; making a 
 next year. ^400 of 
 nds of the Board for 
 iock on the north side 
 tion to two Special 
 ich were estimated to 
 same. The particu- 
 en in the last Annual 
 lin undrawn from the 
 ;ed, when the present 
 oit the advantageous 
 
 17 
 
 No. 9. 
 Dathunt to Belkdune. 
 23 Miles. 
 This Road is now in a very good state of repair, and the 
 Bridges, though most of them 12 or 15 years old, are generally 
 in good preservation. One new Bridge has been erected this 
 year, and repairs have been put upon two others to make them 
 last four or five years longer. The gravelling of the Road, 
 and the substantial repairs that have been made from time to 
 time, and the general use of cedar in the Bridges, have given 
 a durability and character to them very superior to those on 
 many other lines. New covering will be necessary on two 
 Bridges next season, which, with the ordinary repairs to the 
 Road, will require £200, a sum which will probably be sufficient 
 for some time, as no heavy repairs or new work are expected 
 to be necessary for three or four years. 
 
 No. 10. 
 Belledune to Metis. 
 
 62 Miles. 
 
 The Road from Belledune to Jacquct River is well made, 
 drained and gravelled ; from there to River Charloe, 14 miles, 
 is worn flat, and wants regravelling at on expense of Is. 6d. 
 per rod, or £336. Thence to Dalhousie and Campbellton 
 is in good order ; and from Campbellton upwards, 16 miles, 
 is soft and undrained, and will require heavy repairs next sea- 
 son. A new Bridge is required over Eel River, which will 
 cost probably £700 ; the present one is mud decayed and 
 cut with the ice, and will probably not be able to withstand the 
 next Spring freshet. 
 
 The outlay the last year has been principally expended upon 
 the culverts, drains and side ditches, and in gravelling. Two 
 new Bridges have been built, and four old ones substantially 
 repaired. 
 
 The estimate the next season, exclusiveof Eel River Bridge, 
 includes an embankment 386 feet long to form an approach to. 
 
 2 
 
18 
 
 Jacquct River Bridge, which requires wharfing up to pro- 
 tect it from the high tides, and railing in with the Bridge, 
 jC8() ; a ravine at M'Neil's, which requires wharfing up, is 
 the worst place on the line, and at present dangerous, £50 ; 
 repairing Road above Cainpltelltun, £300 ; and regravelling 
 half the distance from Jacquet River to River Cliarloe, £170. 
 Total jCGOO. There nrc 29 large and several small Bridges on- 
 this line, and a principle has been adopted with the short spans 
 and deep ravines that seems admirably to answer the purpose.- 
 The timber employed is altogether cedar logs wbarfed up a 
 certain height to form the abutments ; then three tiers of 
 stringers, with cross-ties every 9 feet between each tier, the 
 upper tier supporting a row of cedar poles, laid close together, 
 over both abutments and span, and the whole brushed and 
 covered withgrnvel. This superstructure is tis durable as t:he 
 Bridge itself, protects the timber from the wear and weatherr 
 saves nil hewing, sawing or fitting together, and employs the 
 cedar in its natural and most advantageous shape ; and as the 
 piers, abutments, stringers and flooring are nil of the same 
 material and equally protected, the cTccny is dependent only 
 upon the well-known properties of the timber, and its freedom 
 from internal rotting. Bridges of this sort may be expected to 
 last without important repairs for 40 years, whilst in point of 
 original cost, they compare favourably with any structures in 
 the Province. The average cost of the 18 now on this Road 
 being only about 10s. per running foot, whilst the average oni 
 all the Great Roads together is more than double this sum. 
 
 No. II. 
 
 Newcastle to Bafhursl. 
 50 Miles. 
 This Road is very much ont of repair, and will require n 
 heavy outlay to make it equal to the line round the coast be- 
 tween the same points. From Bathurst to Tabusintac, the 
 Road is especially bad, the greater part of it requiring to be 
 turnpiked, gravelled, and in many places widened, the soil 
 being a heavy clay, with a nearly total absence of gravel. 
 
19 
 
 ng up to pro- 
 th the Bii(lgc, 
 wimrfing up, is 
 ngcrous, JE50 ; 
 nd regravelling 
 Cliarloe, £170. 
 mall Bridges oi* 
 the shorl spans 
 er llie purpose. 
 I w barfed up a 
 three tiers of 
 en each tier, the 
 id close together, 
 ole brushed and 
 us durable as l^ie 
 tear and weatherr 
 and employs the 
 dmpe ; and as the 
 e n»l of the same 
 is dependent only 
 ;r, and its freedom 
 nay be expected to 
 , whilst in point of 
 h any structures in 
 i now on this Road 
 lilst the average om 
 double this sum. 
 
 
 and will require n 
 •ound the coast be- 
 to Tabusintac, the 
 r it requiring to be 
 ',3 widened, the soil 
 absence of gravel. 
 
 The Bridges over the Biirtibog and Little Bass Rivers are 
 completely decayed, and must be renewed next year, and the 
 north span and abutment over Tnicadic Brook is also in a 
 bad state, the other portion of the Bridge having been built 
 new in 1853. The other Bridges arc nearly new, and 
 generally in good order. During the lust year new Bridges 
 were built at Douglastown, and over the Little liscadilic, par- 
 ticulars and cost of which arc in the A|)pendix. The estimate 
 for the ensuing year, includes the rebuilding of the Bitrtibog 
 Bridge £200 ; Little Buss River £101), and part of Tracadie 
 Brook £120; repairs and re-covering Bridge over Carman's 
 Lake £25, and general repairs tu Road £155. Making u 
 total of £G00. 
 
 No. 12. 
 From Newcastle to Fralcrkion. 
 102 Miles. 
 This Road is in many places out of repair, the Bridges and 
 culverts are numerous, and many of them having been originally 
 built with barked hemlock, have very little durability, and 
 are generally decayed and dangerous. In many places 
 wood of a good description cannot easily bn obtained, and the 
 amount of work to be done has hitherto so far exceeded 
 the means that were at hand, that repairs have been made 
 in a temporary and inefficient manner. The Bridge across 
 the North West Miramichi, built by a company as a Toll- 
 Bridge, has been bought and ttirown open to the public, 
 particulars of the construction and cost of which arc men- 
 tioned afterwards. During the past season this Road has 
 required constant attention, some great improvements have 
 been introduced, and the travelling is now safe, but it is not 
 equal to the other great Roads out of Frcdericton, and it 
 will be some time before the expenditure for rebuilding 
 Bridges and repairing the Road can be reduced to the ordi- 
 nary amount. Two new Bridges have been built, and a third 
 is now under construction. During the next year there will 
 be required three new Bridges, all of them small, and a dcvia- 
 
20 
 
 if 
 
 I . 
 
 tion to nvoid a fourth ; four Bridges require reflooring, and 
 near the Nashwnak the Road is narrow, and subject to land- 
 slides. The estimate for all purposes being £950. The 
 groat trouble on this Road is now the material of the bridg- 
 ing, and it is a matter of great consequence to have good 
 timber procured in the winter. There are thirty Bridges 
 altogether on the line, of which four belong to the largest) 
 class, and have cost, collectively, over £9,000, am? all but five 
 have hemlock abutments, generally summer cut. Tliese 
 Bridges have cost nearly £13,000, and as their durability is 
 not averaging 15 years, the cost of rebuilding Bridges alone, 
 will amonnt to £900 per annam, without a more substantia) 
 class of erections can gradually be introduced. It is further 
 observable that the average price of the whole Bridges on 
 this Road exceeds £2 per running foot, which i.; four times 
 the cost of the durable cedar Bridges on the Metrs Road, and 
 doubfe the cost of the stone abutments on* other Roads near 
 Fredericton. Besides the thirty large Bridges, there arc 
 fifteen smaller ones under £25 value, all of hemlock. There 
 is one Bridge with stone abutments and a long span, over 
 Indiantown Brook, but the truss was not well connected with 
 the stone work, and has settled about two feet on one side. 
 Tlie expenditure on this Road the test year has been £850. 
 
 No. 13. 
 
 ' From Fredericton to Saint John, 
 
 66 Miles. 
 This line of Road is generally in good travelling conditiorr. 
 Some of the Bridges are very substantial work, with stone 
 abutments, and cedar or hacmatac superstructure ; but many 
 are equally indifTercnt, of spruce or hemlock. The Road was- 
 opened through in 1826, and some of the original Bridges and 
 Culverts of that age yet remain between Saint John and 
 Government House. Of these, some built of cedar still stand 
 good ; and as shewing the durability of this timber, the 
 stringers in the old South Bay Bridge, excepting two, were 
 all of cedar, and perfectly sound after 30 years in use, whilst 
 
21 
 
 looring, and 
 Iject to Innd- 
 X950. The 
 f the bridg- 
 ;o have good 
 lirty Bridges 
 o the largest 
 Iml all but five 
 CTit. Tliese 
 |ir durability is 
 ^ridges alone, 
 )ro substantia) 
 It is further 
 >le Bridges on 
 h i.'i four times 
 etis Road, and 
 ler Roads near 
 ses, there arc 
 Binlock. There 
 long span, over 
 connected with 
 eet on one side, 
 as been JE850. 
 
 n. 
 
 celling conditiotr. 
 vork, with stone 
 cturo ; but many 
 The Road was 
 ;inat Bridges and 
 
 Saint John and 
 r cedar still stand 
 
 this timber, the 
 epting two, were 
 ors in use, whilst 
 
 «f tlie other two of white pine nnd very niiicli Inrgcr scantling, 
 one was completely decnyed, and the other had long been 
 broken in two in the middle. During the Inst year the Grant 
 has been mainly expended in small repairs along the Road, no 
 new Bridges having been built by the Supervisors. Next 
 season new Bridges arc wanting over the Brizzly Stream, 
 Queen's Brook, and ut the mouth of the Ncrepis, at an exiiense 
 «f £3.50. Tire repairs of the Road, inchuling a number of 
 small culverts between Saint John and Government House, 
 the skirting of a portion of the north end, and protecting the 
 Road in places from the freshets by stone work, is estimated 
 ot £400, making the total requirement for the Road Service 
 tiext year £750. 
 
 The Britlge across the South Bay, near St. John, has been 
 completed during the year by the Board of Works, nnd thrown 
 open to the public, the particulars of which are given in n sub- 
 sequent Report; and tlic reconstruction of the Oromocto Bridge 
 having been determined upon, a contract has been let for the 
 quantity of timber required, to be delivered by the ICth of 
 next May. 
 
 No. 14. 
 FrederictoH to Woodstock, 
 63 Miles. 
 This Road, running parallel to the St. John River and close 
 to the west bank, is generally rough and hilly, and is intersected 
 by numerous ravines and water-courses running into the St. 
 John, and though the quantity of water passing down these 
 rivulets is not very considerable, yet they require substantial 
 work to resist the occasional ice-jams and freshets, and fre- 
 quently lofty and expensive abutments. On the whole line 
 there are fifty two Bridges that have cost over £25 each, twenty 
 one varying from £5 to £25 each, and an immense number of 
 eulverts and cross-water drains besides. Of the larger Bridge;?, 
 exclusive of Sullivan's Creek now building by the Board of 
 Works, one is altogether of stone, twenty one have stone abut- 
 ments with wooden or earthen superstructure, and three of 
 
22 
 
 < . 
 
 them are laid out for a double track. Of those having stone 
 abutments, sixteen, built during the last three years, have a 
 covering of cedar poles laid longitudinally over the walls, and 
 close together, then brushed and covered with gravel. For nil 
 spans under 12 feet these Bridges may bo expected to last 50 
 years, and are perhaps the best description for small streams, 
 wherever the materials can bo procured, throughout the Pro- 
 vince. The use of gravel saves the great expense of frequent 
 replanking, besides being more safe and ogrccnble for Iravel- 
 lers ; and ns there is no limit to the breadth excepting con- 
 venience, in many places they can be made wide enough to 
 save handrailing, or to accommodate the angular direction of 
 the Road over streams without diverting the course of either. 
 During the last year, four of these stone and cedar Bridges have 
 been erected at a cost of £150. jC40has been expended in the 
 repairs of Bridges, and the balance of the Gront, on the Road 
 generally. 
 
 For the next season the Bridges over Garden's Creek, 
 Long's Creek, and Meductic Brook ought to be rebuilt, and 
 there are four others in a very bad condition. The estimate for 
 the seven is JC1,050, for the three immediately required JC640, 
 and for the repairs on the Road generally JC340, making 
 together £980. 
 
 In the course of two or three years, the coat of new Bridges 
 on this Road will cease to be any great annual requirement. 
 The large Bridge at Eel River will last probably forty years. 
 Sullivan's Creek will be permanent work, and when the Bridges 
 now reported upon are finished, in the same style as the late 
 work, only three Bridges will remain out of the whole fifty 
 two, that will cost more than £100 each to rebuild, to require 
 renewal for 10 or 12 years. There are, however, some bad 
 places on the Road to improve, and some of the approaches to 
 the Bridges and steep hills are dangerous and inconvenient. 
 The line is generally in a good state of repair, is very much 
 travelled, and is probably one of the most important through 
 communications in the Province. 
 
23 
 
 aving Btono 
 larR) linve a 
 le walls, nnd 
 el. For all 
 d to last 50 
 [nail Btrcams, 
 loiit I he Pro- 
 le of frequent 
 le for Iravel- 
 cepting con- 
 Jlc enough to 
 ,r direction of 
 irse of either. 
 ' Bridges havo 
 cpended in the 
 t, on the Road 
 
 rden's Creek, 
 be rebuilt, and 
 he estimate for 
 required JE640, 
 j£340, making 
 
 of new Bridges 
 al requirement, 
 bly forty years, 
 hen the Bridges 
 tyle as the late 
 the whole fifty 
 »uild, to require 
 ever, some bad 
 e approaches to 
 d inconvenient, 
 r, is very much 
 portant through 
 
 No. 15. 
 
 WoodsUnk to the llivcr DeCliutc. 
 
 40 Milot). 
 
 This Road in naturally rough nnd hilly, crossing a Huccession 
 •of deep ravincfi and abrupt cIcvationH, requiring heavy nnd 
 frequent curvature to olitnin a tolcrnblo gradient. It in at 
 present in very goo«l condition, but the soft nature of much of 
 tlic grouird, and the position of the Road in many places imme- 
 diately on the banks of tli« River Saint John, render it liable 
 to be washed and channelled in the Spring, and involves 
 annually considerable expense in repairs. 
 
 During the season one new Bridge has been erected, nnd a 
 deviation has been completed, about 3 miles north of Wood- 
 stock, to avoid another Bridge and reduce two bad hills, besides 
 one or two minor alterations for the same pur-pone. 
 
 Next year a new Bridge will be required at Ridcout's, some 
 extensive repairs to the Little Prcsqu'ile Bridge, nnd two or 
 t>hree culverts, the estimate for the whole being Xi^OO. 
 
 No. 16. 
 
 River De Chute to Grand Falls. 
 
 33 Miles. 
 
 This Road is a continuation of the last, has tlic same general 
 ■characteristics, and is now in thorough repair. During the sea- 
 son the principal expenditure has been upon the Bridges, two 
 of which have been rebuilt, nnd others repaired. One of the 
 new ones is over Wark's Millstrenm, is ICO feet long and 35 
 feet high, with cedar abutments ; and crosses the ravine by 
 one span of 60 feet. This is in place of a hemlock Bridge, 
 with one block in the middle of the stream, nnd the interval to 
 the roadway on cither side supported by 5 bents also of hem- 
 lock. The old Bridge was 140 feet long, cost £90, and had 
 been in use 14 years ; the new one, 20 feet longer and 8 feet 
 higher, has cost, well finished and painted, £148. 
 
 No new Bridges will be required on this Road next year, 
 and X200 will probably be sufficient for all purposei. 
 
H 
 
 I' t 
 
 24 
 
 No. 17. 
 
 Grand Falls to Canada Line. 
 
 50 Miles. 
 
 This Road is altogether out of condition, the Bridges are 
 most of them the original structures, built in 1839 and 1840, 
 and seem all failing together ; the Road materials are bad, 
 and the soft muddy bottom requires a deal of bushing and 
 gravelling before it can be considered in a proper state. Of 
 the twenty five large Bridges only five are less than 10 years 
 old, and fourteen have been built more than 15 years, so that 
 for the next few years this Road will require a heavy expen- 
 diture to keep it simply passable. 
 
 During the last season the only new Bridge to report, is the 
 one across the Madawaska at the Little Falls, which is not at 
 present quite finished, but the expense of which will be de- 
 frayed out of the balance of last year's Appropriation, now in 
 the hands of the Supervisor. Next year three new Bridges 
 will be required, a part of the one over the Quisibis will 
 be to rebuild, and four others nued more or less repairing, the 
 estimate for all of which is £650. Besides this the Road 
 requires some thorough work, for which jC200 will be neces- 
 sary to keep it in a passable state. 
 
 No. 18. 
 
 Little Falls to St. Francis. 
 
 32 Miles. 
 
 This is a new Road, still very incomplete, and would require 
 a large sum to make it equal to the other Great Roads. During 
 the season two new Bridges have been built, and a portion of 
 new Road at the lower end has been completed ; the upper end 
 has not yet been much used, and the last 4 miles to the St. 
 Francis still remains to open. The exploration of this por- 
 tion was made last summer, and it is estimated to cost £350 
 to make it passable for trafiic. 
 
 For the next season a new Bridge is wanted to supersede a 
 very dangerous ford, and a portion of Road to connect it with 
 
25 
 
 Bridges are 
 39 and 1840, 
 
 ials are bad, 
 
 bushing and 
 ler state. Of 
 than 10 years 
 years, so that 
 
 heavy expen- 
 
 o report, is the 
 which is not at 
 ich will be de- 
 iriation, now in 
 e new Bridges 
 e Quisibis will 
 8 repairing, the 
 this the Road 
 [) will be neces- 
 
 id would require 
 Roads. During 
 and a portion of 
 ; the upper end 
 miles to the St. 
 tion of this por- 
 ted to cost £350 
 
 id to supersede a 
 o connect it with 
 
 the prt'seni line. This is estimated to cost £175 with the 
 Bridge, and the repairs of the Road from thence downwards 
 will be £75, making a total of £250 altogether. 
 
 No. 19. 
 
 Grand Falls to American Boundary. 
 
 3 Miles. 
 
 During the season a new Bridge and about a quarter of a 
 
 mile of new Road have been built near the Line. The Bri(l"^o 
 
 is across the Deep Gully, and was very much needed, is of 
 
 very good materials, and will be durable. The other Bridges 
 
 and the Road are in tolerable condition. 
 
 No. 20. 
 
 Pickard^s Store to American Boundary. 
 
 5 Miles. 
 
 This line has no important Bridges, but is still very incom- 
 plete, and inferior to the Road at either end of it. It would 
 be necessary to spend a considerable sum upon it, and make 
 some heavy alterations, before it could be considered as fiiiisiiod. 
 To keep it as it is will require a small sum annually, and per- 
 haps for next year £100 between this and the previous Road 
 may be found sufficient for all purposes. 
 
 No. 21. 
 Buttermilk Creek to American Line. 
 Q\ Miles. 
 There are no important Bridges on this line, and its 
 original location was very bad. During the season a very im- 
 portant alteration has been made near the Boundary, the RduiI 
 turnpiked, and gravelled 9 inches thick, and this part of the 
 line which was almost impassable, is now the best on the 
 route. A second deviation to avoid some bad hills has been 
 laid out, and the land damages paid, but nothing else has been 
 done upon it. This deviation, and another near Buttermilk 
 Creek, will require to be made before the Road can be satis- 
 factorily established. It will require £100 to make these two 
 alterations next season. 
 
I - 
 
 ^6 
 
 No. 22. 
 Woodstock to American Line. 
 11 Miles. 
 There is only one Bridge on this line of any conseqnence^ 
 "which has been rebuilt this year with cedar logs, and covered 
 with the earth taken from one of the approaches, the grade of 
 which has been reduced. An extensive alteration commenced 
 last season, has been completed this, obviating the necessity of 
 reconstructing a Bridge that was very much decayed. The 
 land damages on the deviation W)?re heavy, and discharg- 
 ing these, and the cost of the new Road, absorbed the 
 greater part of last year's Grant. During the last four years 
 some groat improve*ncnts have been made on this Road ; 27 
 stone culverts have been put down, replacing others of tem- 
 porary construction. The cost of these, the new deviation, 
 the Bridges, and other improvements, have employed nearly 
 nil the annual Grants, and the repairs of the Road generally 
 have been neglected to carry out these various alterations. 
 This line, continuing the Great Military Road through the State 
 of Maine, is the principal communication between that State 
 and the River St. John, between the lumbering on the upper 
 Rivers and the City of Bangor; and with an extremely heavy 
 traffic, and but little repairs on the greater portion of the Road 
 for three or four years, it is now out of condition. The 
 estimate for next year is jC150. There will be no Bridges 
 to build for some time, and a moderate sum afterwards, should 
 Uenp it in good order. 
 
 No. 23. 
 
 From Fredericton to Saint Andrews. 
 
 78 Miles. 
 
 Some of the Bridges on this line are old and worn out, and 
 
 the one over the Magaguadavic fell last Summer, and is now 
 
 being rebuilt ; the Road besides is generally in very fair 
 
 travelling condition, but is worn flat in places, and the drainage 
 
 is imperfect. 
 
27 
 
 consequence, 
 and covered 
 the grade of 
 )n conrimenced 
 le necessity of 
 ecaycd. The 
 and discharg- 
 absorbed the 
 last four years 
 tliis Road ; 27 
 others of tern- 
 new deviation, 
 in ployed nearly 
 Road generally 
 ous alterations, 
 hrough the State 
 iveen that. State 
 ng on the upper 
 extremely heavy 
 rtion of the Road 
 condition. The 
 11 be no Bridges 
 fierwards, should 
 
 rews. 
 
 ind worn out, and 
 (imer, and is now 
 •ally in very fair 
 I, and the drainage 
 
 During the season about 5 miles of Road between Clarkc'si 
 and the Red Hill have been remodelled, tiunpikcd, skirted, 
 and the ditches cleared out, and a new stone Bridge Ims been 
 built over the Waw«ig. This Bridge has the ai)iitment9 and 
 shearwater of large split granite, and the piiperstructnrc of 
 pine and cedar, and presents nn excellent model wherever 
 similar materials can be procured. The walls forniitifr the 
 abutments are 20 feet long, and the shearwater (extends 24 fcrt 
 additional on the upstream side. The bottom courses arc laid 
 with large stones running through the wall feet wide; above 
 the third course the wall is coursed off 2 feet at the back, and 
 batters 1 inch to the foot high in front, and the pine stringer.^ 
 are bolted on to the top course. The clear s-pan is 30 feet, 
 and the total length, including abutments, is 80 feet. The 
 whole cost, including 5 inch cedar flooring, stringers, and hand- 
 railing, is only JE76, or less than £1 per foot run, and below 
 the average of similar wooden Bridges throughojit the Pro- 
 vince. This is the second Bridge of the same construction on 
 this line of Road, and as granite exists througliotif the whole 
 of this district, and almost up to Kel River, 12 miles l)e!ou 
 Woodstock, the additional expense, with proper arriiiigenient.'^ 
 for winter haulage, would be very little, if any, over timber for 
 the abutments. Next year one new Bridge will bo rcfpiired 
 over Trout Brook, heavy repairs to the Digdegnash and .loliti- 
 son's Cove Bridges, and two others in the County of York 
 must be re-covered. The new Bridge across the Magagiia- 
 davic will be finished before April, at a cost of i;i2r>. 
 Exclusive of this, the estimate for next year is for the new- 
 Bridge £55, repairs to others £1 10, and to Road generally 
 £135. Total £300. 
 
 No. 24. 
 
 Wmocig to Saint Stephens. 
 
 9 Miles. 
 
 This Road is now in very good condition, and the Bridges 
 
 are of excellent workmanship and durable materials. Some 
 
 very heavy repairs have been put upon them during the season, 
 
t' 
 
 
 28 
 
 and the long Bridge across the Waweig has been entirely 
 rebuilt above high-water mark. This work has been executed 
 in a very substantial manner, and one abutment is of large 
 sized split granite, the whole cost having. been £336. Two 
 other Bridges have been repaired at considerable expense, one 
 almost amounting to a renewal, and the other two on the Road 
 have stone abutments and cedar covering. The cost of keep- 
 ing the Bridges in repair will therefore not be very heavy for 
 some years, and the estimate for next year's operatioDS is 
 only £75. 
 
 No. 25. 
 
 Roix to Oak Bay, 
 
 16 Miles. 
 
 The Grant last year has been entirely expended in repairs 
 
 upon the Road, the only Bridge on the line, across the Digde- 
 
 guash, being in good order. This is not an expensive Road to 
 
 keep up, and a Grant of £75 per annum will be sufficient for 
 
 the purpose for the next year or two. 
 
 No. 26. 
 Oak Bay to Ed River. 
 60 Miles. 
 Beginning at the St. Andrews end, 10 miles of this Road is 
 in very good order, to Smith's Mills ; 8 miles more are turn- 
 pikcd, but are in bad condition, and the remaining 12 miles to 
 the Little Digdeguash are but little better than a winter Road ; 
 the swamps arc bridged, and the whole distance grubbed and 
 levelled, a small portion is turnpiked, but it would require 
 £700 to make the last 20 miles equal to the first 10. From 
 the Little Digdeguash to near Howard Settlement, for 15 
 miles the Road crosses a granite ledge, and the expenditure 
 on t-his portion, though very heavy, has scarcely as yet made 
 it passable as a winter Road. 400 rods of this portion were 
 let last summer to be levelled 18 feet wide, which cost, includ- 
 ing Commission, £184 13 4, and took nearly all the Grant 
 for the upper end of the Road. This is at the rate of £150 
 
been entirely 
 
 Is been executed 
 
 ient is of large 
 
 £336. Two 
 
 jle expenac, one 
 
 Itwo on the Road 
 
 jhe cost of keep- 
 
 (e very heavy for 
 
 's operations is 
 
 punded in repairs 
 across the Digde- 
 jxpensive Road to 
 II be sufficient for 
 
 iles of this Road is 
 les more are turn- 
 laining 12 miles to 
 lan a winter Road ; 
 tance grubbetl and 
 t it would require 
 he first 10. From 
 Settlement, for 15 
 nd the expenditure 
 arcely as yet made 
 r this portion were 
 which cost, includ- 
 early all the Grant 
 t the rate of £150 
 
 29^ 
 
 per mile, and the estimate for the 15 miles is pnt down nt 
 £2000. From near Howard Settlement to Eel River 15 miles, 
 tie Road is in a very good condition, and answers all present 
 requirements. The Bridges on the line, of which there are G, 
 are all in good order, the principal one across the Digdegnasli 
 having been rebuilt during the season, taking about half the 
 total Grant for the lower end, the balance being expended in 
 repairs near Saint Stephens. 
 
 In making out the estimate for tiie next year, the 15 miles 
 at the north end, and 18 miles at (he south, can be kept in as 
 good repair as necessary for £100, and the Bridges in the in- 
 termediate distance will require no outlay for a year or two. 
 With respect to the remaining portion, a moderiite sum might 
 improve the 12 miles to the Digdcgnash to make it a passaldc 
 Road; but the other part, north of this, requires too heavy an 
 outlay to be treated wirh advantage on the present system. 
 and it is a question whether the whole amount should be ex- 
 pended at once, or whether this middle portion should be per- 
 mitted to remain as it is, till some further action upon it 
 becomes necessary. The former course would materially 
 assist the operation of the Railway works now in jirogress- 
 through this district ; under the present system the Grant?- 
 are mainly expended in the perishable works, and small 
 patches along the line, and though they have avcrnged for II 
 years, the same sum as granted last season, £470, it is doubt- 
 ful whether one half the new work is really completed. 
 
 No. 27. 
 Dead Water Brook to Saint Stephens. 
 17 Miles. 
 The western portion of this Road is very much travelled, 
 leading from a thickly settled agricultural district to St. Ste- 
 phens, Calais and Baring, and were the eastern part opened 
 through, this would be the main route from Fredericton to the 
 State of Maine. From St. Stephens to the intersection of the 
 Woodstock Road is in pretty fair order ; from the Woodstock 
 Road to the Fredericton Road is scarcely touched, and to 
 
^ #!i-. 
 
 mi 
 
 30 
 
 complete this portion requires the making of tlirec miles of 
 new Road, and the building of a Bridge across the main 
 Digdeguash. The whole expense of opening this line would 
 be under £1000, and its completion would open up a good 
 country, and form a valuable through line of communication. 
 The expenditure the last year has been confined to improve- 
 ments in the Road between the Woodstock line (No. 26) and 
 St. Stephens. Next year a new Bridge is required across 
 Dana's Stream, which is now in a very decayed state, and 
 which will probably cost £250. The repairs of the Road be- 
 KJdes, excepting new work, will not be heavy, and an allow- 
 ance of £3 will cover everything. 
 
 No. 28. 
 Loiter Trout Brook to Magaguadavic. 
 38 Miles. 
 This is another unfinished Road, intended to form a branch 
 from the Fredericton and St. Andrews Road to the Town of 
 St. George, passing for the greater part of its length down 
 the Valley of the Magaguadavic, through a fine agricultural 
 district which is settling very rapidly. Though some time on 
 the Great Road system, but little has been done exce|)t by 
 statute labour to the greater portion of it, the only part that is 
 thoroughly complete being from the Town of Magaguadavic 
 to the Second Falls, on an old Road that has been travelled 
 for fifty years. This section of nine miles is now in very good 
 condition, the Grants for the two last years having been prin- 
 cipally used in rebuilding two Bridges, and repairing up the 
 K i] between these points. From the Second Falls to the 
 intbi < :tion with the other Road at Lower Trout Brook, the 
 whole distance has been rut out, and some portion is passable 
 for wagons, the s»;iiiit." labour annually applied, improving 
 the communication every year. The works generally are not 
 difilicult, and no important Bridges are required on ihU un- 
 finished portion. In making out an estimate for next season, 
 the same remarks apply to this, and to the two preceding 
 Roads. When necessary to open them up, and make them 
 
31 
 
 three miles of 
 
 hross the mnin 
 
 this line would 
 
 [pen up a good 
 
 IcoiniriunicDtiun. 
 
 (ned to iniprove- 
 
 |no (No. 26) and 
 
 required across 
 
 [ayed state, and 
 
 lof the Road be- 
 
 (y, and an alhnv- 
 
 lavic. 
 
 to form a branch 
 d to the Town of 
 f its lengtli down 
 I fine agricultural 
 ugh some time on 
 n done except by 
 ic only part that is 
 of Magaguadavic 
 las been travelled 
 3 now in very good 
 having been prin- 
 1 repairing up the 
 ;cond Falls to the 
 
 Trout Brook, the 
 portion is passable 
 ipplied, improving 
 s generally are not 
 |uired on this an- 
 te for next season, 
 the two preceding 
 p, and make them 
 
 equal to continuous through traffic, a special and sufljiieiiO 
 Grant should be made to do this in one or two seasons at 
 most ; till this is necessary the local wmts of the settlements 
 are easily relieved, if one end of the comtniinicntion is main- 
 tained in good condition, whilst statute lalionr keeps open the 
 Rond to each new seUlement as it is formed. The present 
 system is partial and extravagant, fails to do the work tho- 
 roughly, or render what is done a public benefit ; holds out 
 no stimulus to local exertion, and interferes with the applica- 
 tion of statute labour. The amount necessary for this Road 
 next year is £100, exclusive of any aporopriation deemed 
 advisable on the unopened portion. 
 
 No. 2ft. 
 
 Salisbury to Ilarvry. 
 
 44 Miles. 
 
 A liberal sum has been expended over the small Bridges, 
 culverts, and roadwork generally on this line for the post sea- 
 son, and the whole distance is now in very fair travelling con- 
 dition. A ne^v Bridge has been bailt over Turtle Creek, of a 
 durable description, the abutments and stringers being of 
 pitch pine, at a cost of £49. Many of the small Bridge?? 
 might be built in this district with stone abutments, vvithuiit 
 any marked increase in expense. Improvements are needeil 
 by cutting down hills, and filling up the ravines. and hollows, 
 and in some places where the Road passes over marsh, a 
 heavy coating of gravel is necessary to make a firm bed, and 
 £50 is asked the next year to be applied to this purpose. One 
 new Bridge is requisite, and repairs to three others. This 
 with the gravelli.ig and ordinary repairs is estimated to re- 
 quire £300 for next season. 
 
 No. 30. 
 
 Isaac Derrfs to Point Wolf. 
 
 25 Miles. 
 
 The eastern section of this Road from P. Styles' to Bray's, 
 
 near Cape Enrage, is now in a tolerably passable condition. 
 
u 
 
 32 
 
 but being over a clay bottom, and as yot ungravclled, it will 
 require constant attention tu keep it in proper repair. Good 
 ballast is not easily obtainable, but much expense would be 
 obviated if such as can bo procured were spread over the 
 worst places. The western section especially, from Salmon 
 River to Point Wolf, about half the total distance, is very bad, 
 never having had sufficient expenditure upon it to make it suit- 
 able for a carriage. This part is rocky and hilly, but if once 
 thoroughly turnpiked would be durable and easily kept in re- 
 pair. There has been one new Bridge built this season, over 
 Anderson's Hollow ; no further outlay will be necessary for 
 some time, either for new Bridges or heavy Bridge repairs, 
 so that unless they are injured by accident, the whole of next 
 year's expenditure will be made available for the Road im- 
 provements which are very much wanted. The estimate for 
 this pur[iose is £200. 
 
 No. 31. 
 Saint John to Crooked Creek, County Albert. 
 73 Miles. 
 This Road was originally laid out for the settlement of 
 immigrants, and its location to secure the most favorable 
 alignment was less an object than the means of opening up a 
 new country for cultivation, leaving all improvements or alter- 
 ations to be made when the advanced state of the District 
 should render thorough and easy communication a mutter of 
 more importance. Up to the present time the expenditure 
 has been confined principally to the erection of Bridges, and 
 the opening up of the route for carriages, but little surplus 
 remaining for any improvements not strictly necessary for 
 this latter object. The greater part of the distance is there- 
 fore still very unfinished, many miles have never been turn- 
 piked or made passably smooth, and before the Road can be 
 at all equal to the travel likely to come upon it, a greater 
 portion will have to be remodelled, long deviations made to 
 avoid the hills, and extensive improvements and alterations in 
 almost every portion. The establishment of a Mail on this 
 
33 
 
 veiled, it will 
 ■epair. Good 
 insc would be 
 read over the 
 from Salmon 
 ce, is very bad, 
 o make it suit- 
 y, but if once 
 ily kept in re- 
 is season, over 
 necessary for 
 Jridge repairs, 
 c whole of next 
 r the Road im- 
 he estimate for 
 
 Albert. 
 
 le settlement of 
 
 most favorable 
 
 of opening up a 
 
 irements or alter- 
 
 5 of the District 
 
 tion a mutter of 
 
 the expenditure 
 
 of Bridges, and 
 
 but little surplus 
 
 ,ly necessary for 
 
 distance is there- 
 
 never been turn- 
 
 the Road can be 
 
 pon it, a greater 
 
 viations made to 
 
 and alterations in 
 
 )f a Mail on this 
 
 route between Saint John and Albert, requires these repairs 
 to bo attended to at once, and us all the Bridges but one are 
 now in a tolerable state, nearly all the expenditure for the 
 next two or three years can be made to tell upon the improve- 
 ments of the Road. The amount rccjiiired to complete this to 
 a f'jir travelling condition will be from £'J,500 to JE4,0()(), und 
 without this sum is applied in a more systematic manner than 
 has heretofore been the case, a great portion of it will be 
 wasted and consumed on portions of the line that will sub- 
 sequently be abandoned, and in the removal of rocks, excava- 
 tion of hills, and filling up of swamps, that a simple deviation 
 might altogether avoid. The Chief Commissioner would 
 therefore suggest, with this, and other unfinished Roads 
 similarly situated, that before any portion of this outlay is in- 
 curred, u thorough examination und careful resurvey of tho 
 whole Road should be nmde, the deviations staked out, and 
 separately estimated, and that nun(! but tiic most urgent 
 repairs should be put upon any portion likely to be superseded 
 or affected by them ; reserving for your Excellency's decision 
 what portions and how much of the new Road should annually 
 be undertaken. By this means much useless outlay will be 
 saved, and the line brought much sooner and more economi- 
 cally into an efficient and satisfactory condition. During the 
 past year a new Bridge has been built over Board's Brook, at 
 a total expense, including land damages, of JE208, and a piece 
 of new Road has been opened and turnpiked round the Four 
 Mile Hills (so called) in Saint John County. Between Wal- 
 lace's and M'Manus', C miles, near the King's County Line, 
 the Road was only opened 10 or 12 feet wide; this portion 
 has been widened and turnpiked, und in Albert County, the 
 expenditure has been laid out entirely upon the Road, though 
 it is as yet scarcely passable for a carriage. Next season a 
 new Bridge will be required across Crooked Creek, to super- 
 sede a pile Bridge, which, though only ten years old, is in a 
 very precarious state, and will probably he destroyed by the next 
 spring freshet. The estimate includes JE300 for this purpose, 
 and £3W) for the use of the Roud, besides any sum that it 
 
 3 
 
84 
 
 ^ 
 
 m 
 
 may be desirable to expend upon its permanent reconstruction 
 after the surveys have been made, and the aherations deter* 
 mined upon. 
 
 No. 32. 
 
 Saint John to (^ttaco. 
 
 30 Miles. 
 
 Last summer the Rutsford Mill Road, commencing at the 
 Forks near the Aboidoau, nt the City lino, and meeting the 
 old Road nt Bartrirn's, was for the first time included a» 
 part of this, having been n(!oj)te(J by the late Chief Commis- 
 sioner as a portion of the Grci^t Road between Saint John rnd 
 Quaco. About £100 has bc^'jn expended upon it, and as it is in 
 very bad condition it will require £250 to put it into good order. 
 
 The wharved Road round Vaughan's Creek Head in Quaco, 
 has been extended this year at an expense of £28, and it will 
 require £100 more to complete it. It is twelve feet high, or> 
 the side next the Ray, and 28 rods long, built up solid with 
 wood against the water, brushed and filled with stone. A 
 Bridge has been alio built over Garden's Creek at a cost of 
 £2-3, and other improvements made nt a cost of £100, the 
 Road being now in a verj fair state of repair. The estimate 
 for next year, exclusive of the Botsford Mill Roud, includes 
 the completion of Vaughan's Creek, repairs to two smaf) 
 Bridges, and general outlay on the Road, altogether amounting 
 to £250. 
 
 No. 33. 
 
 Hampton to Bdlisle. 
 
 8 Miles. 
 
 This Road has no Bridges upon it of any size, is in general 
 good order, and the annual Grant of £25 is sufficient tO' 
 maintain it in the same condition. 
 
 No. 34. 
 
 Scribner''s to the Head of Bellislc. 
 
 25 Miles. 
 
 There is only one Bridge on this line, which with the Road 
 
 generally, is in very good repair ; £50 will be sufficient for all 
 
 puriioses next season. 
 
33 
 
 ■cconsfruction 
 rations deter- 
 
 
 nencing at the 
 1(1 meeting the 
 no included as 
 Chief Commis- 
 Saint John rnd 
 it, and as it is in 
 into good order. 
 Head in Quaco, 
 X'28, and it will 
 Ivc feet high, oi> 
 lilt up solid with 
 1 with stone. A 
 reek at a cost of 
 ;ost of £100, the 
 ir. The estimate 
 ill Road, includes 
 lirs to two smaU 
 )ffether amounting 
 
 ' size, is in general 
 25 is sufficient to^ 
 
 llislc. 
 
 khich with the Uoad 
 I be sufficient for ali 
 
 No. .35. 
 
 Ncrepis lo Gagctoivn. 
 
 23 Mites. 
 
 The whole of last year'a Grant having hcen expended in 
 
 repairing the Road, it is now in very fair condition, but the 
 
 Bridges are not in good order, and next season tlic one over 
 
 Queen's Brook must be rebuilt. The present one was reported 
 
 unsound before, and is now quite decayed. It will cost £125; 
 
 the foundation is bad, and the approaches expensive, the 
 
 ground being a soft intervale, and the River altering its channel 
 
 continually. Total requirements, with the Bridge, £175. 
 
 No. 36. 
 Frcderidon to Jcmsvg. 
 
 30 Miles. 
 This Road is subject annually to overflow from the spring 
 freshet, which occasionally inflicts serious damage. Last 
 season this past off very quietly, and the outliiy accordingly in 
 repairs has been small. One old Bridge has been improved, 
 and the rest of the Road is in as good condition as from the 
 nature of the ground can be expected. There(|uircments for 
 the next year depends entirely upon the amount of injury 
 occasioned by the freshet, but if no more mischief occurs than 
 the last season, £100 will be sufficient for all purposes. The 
 Easty Creek, at present crossed by a floating Bridge, bus 
 been the subject of a Report by Mr. Wilkinson to the Board 
 of Works, who after carefully examining the place, recom- 
 mends a permanent water-tight dam, of sufficient width and 
 solidity for the support of the roadway and to resist the action 
 of the freshets. The estimate for such a work, made entirely 
 of large timber, is JE850, if masonry is preferred, JE2,500. 
 
 No. 37. 
 
 Jetnseg to the Finger Board. 
 
 29 Miles. 
 
 This Road is now in very good repair, the expenditure last 
 
 year having been applied judiciously. During the season one 
 
36 
 
 new Dridgo Ims been built over Foster's Mill Stream, and 
 upwards of 40 new culverts put down. These are all alike, 
 built with hemlock mud-sill below the woter, and tamarack or 
 pine above. These are crossed by tamarack stringers, let in 
 2 inches on to the walls to keep them apart, and crossed with 
 poles of the same material, sided and hewed, nnd the Road on 
 cither side levelled off to the sanr.e height. These ctdverts 
 cost from Hh. to 12s. Gd. each, will probably last 25 years, and 
 in u district where no stone can be obtained, are undoubtedly 
 the best substitute. The old culverts consisted generally of 4 
 Jogs thrown together, were always unsafe for horses feet, nnd 
 their average durability might be 4 or 5 years. The Rridgc 
 built over Dellisle in 1855, has three spans of 40 feet, undone 
 36 feet long. They are unsupported by any description of 
 truss, and are altogether too long, weak, and vibratory. The 
 stringers are laid upon their corners, and the piers are built in 
 the form of a diamond up and down stream. The material is 
 principally hemlock, and the Bridge altogether of doubtful 
 stability. One small Bridge over a Mill Stream will be neces- 
 sary next season, and a portion of the Koad requires skirtingr 
 the estimate for all purposes being £150. 
 
 No. 38. 
 Cole't Island in Cape Tormeniine. 
 40 Miles. 
 This Rond has not been many years on the Great Road 
 establishment, nnd was at that time in a very imperfect con- 
 dition. Since then the annual appropriations have not been 
 sufficient to overtake the repairs, and the foundation is gene- 
 rally so soft and marshy that, without thorough Macadamizing, 
 the thaws will damage it every spring. There arc a number 
 of small Bridges on the line, costing from £5 to ill 5 each, 
 which are old and decayed, and the renewal of these will be 
 the principal requirement of anijther season, as it has been of 
 the last. To put the Road in thorough repair would involve 
 u heavy outlay, and before this is attempted the line should be 
 resurveyed, as recommended before ; for present purpose? 
 JCIOO is sufficient. 
 
trcain, and 
 
 ro all alike, 
 
 tamarack or 
 
 ngers, let in 
 
 crossed with 
 
 the lloud on 
 
 )C8o culverts 
 
 25 yeurs, and 
 
 undoubtedly 
 
 ■encrully of 4 
 
 rses feet, nnd 
 
 The Bridge 
 
 ) feet, nnd one 
 
 description ot' 
 
 brntory. The 
 
 ers are built in 
 
 The material i» 
 
 lor of doubtful 
 
 n will be neccs- 
 
 quircs skirting. 
 
 ne. 
 
 the Great Road 
 ■y imperfect con- 
 is have not been 
 jndation is gene- 
 h Macadamizing, 
 ?re are a number 
 £5 to £15 each, 
 I of these will be 
 
 as it has been off 
 air would involve 
 the line should be 
 
 present purposes 
 
 37 
 
 No. no. 
 FredirUion to Kt uf Cinmlij Line. 
 Cid Miins. 
 This is n new Uoiid, Hcurccly us yet |»iis)*nl)!(! nil the wjiy for 
 wagons ; the land is generally very good, nml well settled ; the 
 travelling increases every y(Mir, and when r(uii|»let(d, this Hoad 
 will ho a great boon to the district tliroiigh which it passes. 
 From Fredericfori to (Juiien's County I,iii(! the Road in niii. 
 places has a hard rucky fouiiilntion, and in its oi-i<<iniil con* 
 struction large stones were left undisturbed, nnd endangered 
 the travelling. During the summer a party wiis collected, and 
 the whole of these have been removed ; and tlu! Road, though 
 not yet tiirnpiked all the distance, is in a very passable state. 
 The Bridges are in good condition, and one niiw one across 
 BurpeeVs Mill Stream has been built, and completes the com- 
 munication so far. From Sunl)ury Coutily, through Queen's, 
 to Kent County Line, the Road is not yet in s\irh a forward 
 state; but no Bridges having been re(|uired last season, the 
 whole of the Grant has been expended in improving nnd com- 
 pleting the thoroughfare, and has opened it for several miles, 
 where before it was impassable for wagon tradic. There still 
 remain 9 miles to turnpike and two small Bridges to build, to 
 render this portion of the route; thoroughly available, which 
 it is estimated will require £:U)0 to complete. The total 
 requirement for next year, to i)ut this line in a position eipial 
 to the value of the district through which it runs, to complcta 
 the cross-water drains, nnd turnpike the whole distance, is 
 £450. When open through to Richihucto, this will be one of 
 the most important through communications in the Province, 
 connecting the Gulf Shore with the Valley of the Saint John, 
 and intersecting the country about cqui-distant between the 
 Fredericton and Miramichi Road, and the Saint John and 
 Shec'iac line. Opening up a country but little inferior in 
 agricultural value to the latter, and better than the former, it 
 crosses in its course no large Rivers like the others, requiring 
 heavy expenditure to make and maintain a thoroughfare, and 
 is less liable to accident from Freshets, or interruption from 
 the destruction of its Bridges or Roadway. 
 
38 
 
 ./ i ■■ 
 
 I!' 
 
 No. 40. 
 
 Kent County Line to Richibucto. 
 
 44 Miles. 
 
 This Roud, an extension of the last, and completing the line 
 from Frcdericton to Richibucto, is, it is understood, in a very 
 imperfect condition, but from the late date that this Commis- 
 sion has been formed, no opportunity has offered of any mem- 
 ber of the Board personally examining the route, and the 
 Supervisor has not deemed it a part of his duty to reply to the 
 communications addressed to him from this office, or to make 
 the usual annual Report of the state and prospects of the 
 Road. From the accounts transmitted to the Auditor it would 
 appear that £510 has been expended this year, which at £12 
 per mile ought to have produced a marked improvement on a 
 Road only 44 miles long, with no important Bridges, and no 
 unusual difficulties to contend with along its entire length. 
 
 These two Roads Nos. 39 and 40, which in reality form only 
 one line from Fredericton to the Gulf Shore, were for some 
 years under the supervision of John A. Beckwith, Esquire, 
 under whom the line was nearly completed from end to end, 
 and who reported in 1853 — " In October last 1 was enabled to 
 travel in a wagon from Fredericton to the Gasperau, (about 
 halfway.) From the Gasperau to Pine's on the Richibucto, 
 (about 30 miles) on horseback, and in a wagon from Pine's to 
 the Town of Richibucto." Since Mr. Beckwith left the Road, 
 it has been generally under two, and last year under three 
 Supervisors; and Mr. Sowerby, the Supervisor of the Kent 
 County division of the line, in 1855 reports that '* the dishonest 
 way in which contracts for turnpiking have been performed 
 would appear to suggest the necessity of dividing any future 
 Grant made for the Kent portion of the Road, and appointing 
 two Supervisors, (making four on the whole line) one at the 
 Salmon River side of the County, and one at Richibucto, the 
 present state of the Road rendering it impossible for one at 
 either end to give it that necessary supervision that it requires." 
 The expenditure during the last five years has been under five 
 different Supervisors, the Grants have been £4,750, or nearly 
 
'"mrU^' 
 
 IS 
 
 eting the line 
 lod, in a very 
 this Cornmis- 
 of any mem- 
 ute, and the 
 o reply to the 
 or to make 
 ipects of the 
 iditor it would 
 which at JE12 
 rovement on a 
 ridges, and no 
 tire length, 
 lality form only 
 were for some 
 ;wiih, Esquire, 
 om end to end, 
 was enabled to 
 nsperau, (about 
 the Richibucto, 
 I from Pine's to 
 h left the Road, 
 lar under three 
 ar of the Kent 
 "the dishonest 
 been performed 
 ding any future 
 and appointing 
 line) one at the 
 Richibucto, the 
 sible for one at 
 that it requires." 
 I been under five 
 4,750, or nearly 
 
 1^9 
 
 £10 per inUe per annum, and the Road is evidently in very 
 much worse condition than it was five years ago, tlie wliolo 
 forming a very mclantholy prospect of coiiipk'tiiig the commii- 
 cation under this " divided command." iMr. Sowcrby's being 
 the last information that lias been aftbrded as to the state and 
 requirements of the Road, it is really impossible to form an 
 estimate for the ensuing year, and as the expenditure on this 
 line has hitherto far exceeded the averageof the restofthe Pro- 
 vince, and the Rood apparently becoming worse imd.jr its pre- 
 sent management, it remains for your Kxcollency to determine 
 the best course to be pursued. 
 
 No. 41. 
 
 Tilleifs Landing to Little Rirtr Mills. 
 
 12 Miles. 
 
 This Road, with the exception of two miles of intervale, is 
 
 in a very satisfactory and eflicient condition. Two Bridges 
 
 have been repaired this season, and will last for two or three 
 
 years longer, the rest are in a good condition. A portion of 
 
 the last Grant has been applied to rcfiairing the Wharf at 
 
 Tilley's Landing, at the Saint John River end of the Road, 
 
 which is described afterwards. For next year a portion of 
 
 the intervale ought to be turnpiked and gravelled, and the 
 
 estimate for ordinary repairs, and to do this gravelling, would 
 
 be JE150. 
 
 No. 42. 
 
 Sussex Vale to Upham. 
 
 12 Miles. 
 
 The expenditure the last season has been entirely on the 
 
 repairs of the Road, which is now in a very fair state. Next 
 
 year a new Bridge will require building over Jeffries' Mill 
 
 Stream ; and a rampart or embankment is wanted to raise 
 
 the bank of the Stone Quarry Brook, and prevent it flooding 
 
 the Road, which it does nearly every year. The estimate for 
 
 this embankment and for the Bridge at Jeffries', is £75, and 
 
 the total requirement for the Road for next year, including 
 
40 
 
 J i 
 
 i ii 
 
 [t I.' 
 
 il '': 
 
 these, will be £150. There is a deviation in Sussex Vale 
 that it would be desirable to make, to avoid a very bad hill, 
 the expense of this when it is undertaken will be about £50. 
 It is not recommended for next season, unless the sum above 
 mentioned should be found sulTicient for all purposes. 
 
 The preceding Roads therefore will require for the year 
 1857, the erection of 35 new Bridges from £25 to £350 each, 
 at an estimated expense, including repairs to 12 others, of 
 £5,705. The ordinary repairs to the Roads and Bridges is 
 estimated to amount to £8,395, making the total amount 
 required for the Great Road service for 1857, £14,100. The 
 details of this amount are collected in Appendix B, and referred 
 to in the preceding Road Reports. Exclusive of the Bridges 
 included as above, the large structures over the Tantamar, 
 the Tnbusintac, Caraquette, Eel River (in Restigouche Coun- 
 ty), and Easty Creek, amounting to £5,400, will probably be 
 required ; and the Magaguadavic, Sullivan's Creek, Oromocto, 
 and Hampton Ferry, now in hand, will require £3,825 to 
 finish, making £9,225 for large Bridges, exclusive of Road 
 service. Some of these may not be built or finished this 
 year, and others not known or expected to fail at preseut, 
 may be required almost immediately. The estimates for the 
 Dredging Machine, for the Improvements of the Rivers and 
 Harbours, for the Light House on Grindstone Island, and for 
 the Public Buildings and Wharves, as well as for opening up 
 new Roads or completing some of the old ones, is left to your 
 Excellency's decision, as involving questions not within the 
 control of the Board of Works. 
 
 BRIDGES BUILT BY THE BOARD OF WORKS. 
 
 No. 1. 
 
 Sullivan's Creek. 
 
 The Contract let last year to Mr. Pattinson for the erection 
 
 of this Bridge having been given up by him, it was relet after 
 
 some delay to Mr. Tomlinson on the 1st of October, for £3,000 
 

 Sussex Vale 
 very bad liill, 
 
 be about f 50. 
 
 the sum above 
 
 poses. 
 
 e for the year 
 ) to JE350 each, 
 12 others, of 
 and Bridges is 
 total amount 
 £14,100. The 
 B, and referred 
 ! of the Bridges 
 the Tantamar, 
 stijrouche Coun- 
 will probably be 
 reek, Oromocto, 
 rjuire f3,825 to 
 ;clusive of Road 
 or finished this 
 fail at preseut, 
 estimates for the 
 ' the Rivers and 
 e Island, and for 
 is for opening up 
 les, is left to your 
 IS not within the 
 
 OF WORKS. 
 
 on for the erection 
 , it was relet after 
 ►ctober, for £3,000 
 
 41 
 
 and the old plant. There were then ahrmt 5!) yards of ma.«rinry 
 in the culvert, and nearly 43,000 yards of excavation to do, 
 some change in the original design, which rather iricrcnsod the 
 quantity, being deemed necessary. Mr. Tomlinson cninmniccd 
 work on the 10th of October, and up to tlio 11th Dccoinher, 
 there had been 11,500 cubic yards of excavation removed, and 
 about half the required quantity of masonry was complete. The 
 southern approach is finished, except dressing ott", and the C<m- 
 tractor's main force has been since directed to the removal of tlu; 
 heavy bank on the north side. From the nature of the work, the 
 force of men cannot be increased beyond a certiiiu nnrnber, 
 but there were at that date 65 men emjiloycd, and the exciiva- 
 tion was progressing at the rate of 300 yards per day. A 
 ledge of rock containing about 200 cubic yards has been cut 
 through, and the material has since been a hard gravel in tlic 
 bottom, becoming fine and less compact as it approaches the 
 surface. It will take some time for an immense! ban! like this 
 to consolidate sufficiently to put on the permanent liandraiiing, 
 but it will bo finished sufficiently to let the travel across it by 
 the end of next May. The time of the yesir Is however 
 unfavorable fi)r earthwork, and operates heavily against the 
 Contractor. Tlie total len<;t!i of the improvement is l.T^r'O 
 feet, the greatest depth of cutting is 41 feet on the tiorili 
 approach, and the maximum height of oml)ankment over the 
 centre of the culvert is G4 feet. The total cost complete will 
 be JE5,500, including payments to all parlies. 
 
 No. 2. 
 Missifjuash Bridge. 
 At the date of last Report, this Bridge was nearly fini^hed, 
 and on the 16th of September 1850, it was examined and 
 reported upon by Alex. Light, Esq., previous to acceptame 
 by the Provinces : — " The masonry has been finished in ex- 
 tremely good style, and the work generally done according lo 
 contract. Southern pine has been substituted in the whole of 
 the truss-work at an extra expense of JE129 8s., and some 
 other extras for iron, &c., increase the total cost of the Bridge 
 to £983 8s." One half of which sum is due to this Province 
 from the Government of Nova Scotia. 
 
42 
 
 1 
 
 No. 3. 
 South. Bay Bridge. 
 Tlio arrangements and contract for tliis Bridge were made 
 •.n IS'jS, to be finished by July 15, 185G. With trifling alter- 
 ations it is a copy of the ohl one, and immediately parallel. 
 It is 40G feet long, or including abut mcnts and approaches 730 
 feet, containing 9 piers and 10 openings of 24 feet each. On 
 the stringers are laid transversely cedar poles, brushed and 
 -covered with ballast. The specification has not been strictly 
 adhered to in many respects, and some of t<*e cedar logs in 
 the piers and approaches were as first put in not quite sound. 
 In 1854 Messrs. Light and Wilkinson made a Report and 
 Kstimat« of tire cost of this Bridge, amounting to £1,140; 
 lint the plan was subse(piently altered from a pile Bridge, as 
 recommended by (hem, to piers, as mentioned above. The 
 alteiation has not been an improvement, and the Bridge in its 
 present state will not probably be so durable as the one it 
 supersedes ; its total cost will be about JE950. 
 
 No. 4. 
 
 Ilumpton Ferry. 
 This Bridge was contracted to be finished by the 1st of 
 November lust, but from delay in getting the timber, and a 
 variety of causes, has not progressed so rapidly as was expected. 
 On the 21st of November last a serious accident occurred, 
 still furtherdelayingthecompletion of the Bridge, destroyingthe 
 timber in one of the heavy framed chords, killing two of the 
 workmen, and seriously injuring two others. This unfortunate 
 nftair will prevent the opening of the Bridge probably till next 
 June or July, as new timber has to be procured at a time when 
 it must of necessity be hauled a long distance. This it is under- 
 stood has been procured, and will be brought on to the ground as 
 soon as possible. Of the embanked approaches about 7000 
 yards remain to be finished, including the filling of the abut- 
 ments, but as this can be finished before the woodwork, opera- 
 tions for the present have been stopped on the earthwork. 
 The planking of the piers and lining the abutments is the only 
 description of work at which the men are now employed. 
 
43 
 
 (l<rc were made 
 
 h trifling alter- 
 
 idiately parallel. 
 
 approaches 730 
 
 feet each. On 
 
 es, brushed and 
 
 lot been strictly 
 
 e cedar logs in 
 
 not quite sound. 
 
 e a Report and 
 
 titing to £1,140; 
 
 \ pile Bridge, as 
 
 tied above. The 
 
 the Bridge in its 
 
 ble as the one it 
 
 ). 
 
 died by the 1st of 
 the timber, and a 
 ly as was expected, 
 accident occurred, 
 idge, destroying the 
 , killing two of the 
 . This unfortunate 
 e probably till next 
 ired at a time when 
 B. Thisitisunder- 
 t on to the ground as 
 roaches about 7000 
 ! filling of the abut- 
 le woodwork, opera- 
 on the earthwork, 
 butments is the only 
 now employed. 
 
 I 
 
 No. 5, 
 
 Hammond River. 
 This Bridge was nearly finished at tin; date of the lust 
 Report, has since been completed, and rofU'cts great credit 
 both on the design and execution. 
 
 No. 6. 
 North West Miramichi. 
 
 This Bridge was constructed by a chartered Company on 
 certain conditions of sale tothe Province, should such a course 
 bo deemed advisable. During the season the transfer lias been 
 effected, and the Bridge thrown open to the public free. 
 
 The total length is 1,360 feet, containing 9 bays of 80 feet 
 span, and I of 30 in which it is proposed to have "a draw" 
 when such is necessary. The abutments extend 170 feet from 
 the north shore, and 280 feet from the south, consisting princi- 
 pally of large sized cedar, floored, ballasted, and gravelled 
 over. The piers, which are mostly in fronj 24 to 20 feet 
 water, are 30 x GO at the base, and 20 x 40 at the top; in 
 each pier are two floors, loaded altogether with altout .jO tons 
 of stone ballast, and well secured. The truss is siipjiortcd by 
 <louble Queen posts, and the floor is of 5 inch hewn tiniher. 
 The total cost of the whole structure has been nearly £5000. 
 
 No. 7. 
 
 Musquash. 
 
 This Bridge was originally destroyed by the fresh i of 
 1854, which also carried away or damaged five other Bridges 
 on this line of Road, between Saint John and Saint Andrews. 
 The old materials of the Muscpiash Bridge were collected, 
 and a temporary Bridge was built, which answered till 
 the last spring, when the whole was lifted by the ice from its 
 foundations, and at ebb tide settled down bodily. On the 
 20th of March, Mr. Tomlinson examined the place, selected 
 a site fur the new Bridge, and undertook to build one for 
 £750, before the end of the season. This has been done, and 
 the Bridge opened to the public. It consists mainly of three 
 
44 
 
 ; 
 
 II 
 
 > 
 
 openings, the central s|)nce being a driiw of 40 feet span, with 
 a bay on each side of 3) fcef. The aI)ntmonts and piers arc 
 ivecessurily very liigh, this being a tidal river, and as the draw 
 \H s(>I(h)ni used excepting at iiigli water, the tail of the draw- 
 bridge, wliich answers for a bahinco weight, requires to bo kept 
 clear of the rising tide. Tlie eartlien approaches were, from 
 their iicight, expensive, and are inchided in the contract, and 
 with preliminary expenses and temporary arrangements for 
 the traflic, the whole expense of the new Bridge has been 
 about JE800. 
 
 No. 8. 
 Oromocto Bridge. 
 On the 1st of November, J?56, an examination was made 
 of the llridge across the Oromocto, which was found to be in 
 a very dilapidated condition, and plans and estimates have 
 beeti made for a new one. The River is 233 feet wide, with 
 an average depth of 20 feet at low water, and the approaches, 
 especially on the north side, are long and expensive. The 
 plan for the new Bridge comprises a draw in the middle of the 
 stream, opening 45 feet, and four bays on each side of 30 feet 
 each, making altogether nine openings, and a total length of 
 Bridge of 285 feet. The approaches will be solid embank- 
 ments, riprapped with stone to prevent washing, and the 
 general arrangement of the piles, truss-work, and draw, are 
 similar to the Trout Creek and Musquash Bridges. On the 
 29th of December a contract for the whole of the timheri 
 piles, and planking necessary for the structure, was let for 
 £435, to be delivered at the site of the present Bridge before 
 the 16ih of May 1857. 
 
 ft 
 
 These comprise all the Bridges on which there has been 
 this year any expenditure by the Board of Works, the ac- 
 counts of which have been kept distinct from the Great Road 
 Appropriations. Other Bridges built out of those Grants, 
 will be found, with their cost and principal dimensiona, in the 
 description of the Roads, and in Appendix D. 
 
 The total number of Bridges now on the Great Roads, cost- 
 
feet span, with 
 
 and piers arc 
 
 m\ as the draw 
 
 il of the draw- 
 
 uircs to bo kept 
 
 ches were, from 
 
 ic contract, and 
 
 •rangcnicnts for 
 
 ridjre has been 
 
 lation was made 
 
 IS found to be in 
 
 estimates have 
 
 5 feet wide, with 
 
 J the approaches, 
 
 expensive. The 
 
 the middle of the 
 
 ch side of 30 feet 
 
 a total length of 
 
 bo solid embank- 
 
 washing, and tho 
 
 rk, and draw, are 
 
 Bridges. On the 
 
 dIo of the timber» 
 
 cture, was let for 
 
 3ent Bridge before 
 
 ch there has been 
 of Works, the ac- 
 tn the Great Road 
 ; of those Grants, 
 
 dimensions, in the 
 
 D. 
 
 Great Roads, cost- 
 
 45 
 
 ing upwards of £23 each, is 470, others costing probably rnorc 
 than this sum are not included, as the particulars of their con- 
 struction, price, age, and so forth, arc not known, and others 
 have been built by statute labour, of which no account has been 
 taken. The 470 Bridges have cost, m nearly as can now !)c 
 ascertained, f 126,700, tlii.f amount being generally clear of all 
 expenses for the approaches, preliminary eliarges, or manage- 
 ment, and often of special ap|)ropriatif)ns, incidental as^sistancc, 
 and statute labour. Adding 20 per cent, fur supervision and 
 extras, the total cost of the Bridges now in use has been lilih', 
 if any, under £150,000, or an average of about £-M) each. 
 180 of these Bridges costing, with supervision, about £42,000, 
 are now upwards of 10 years old, of perisluiMo maleriul, and 
 shewing ujore or less signs of decay, and as iHany oftln.se nw 
 temporary structures, and must be rp|)laccd by longer and 
 more expensive ones, to rebuild these Bridges on the present 
 system, and in the most economical manner, will recjiiire for 
 the next 5 years over JE8000 |)er annum. This is exclusive of 
 Bridges under 10 years of age, but which already shew such 
 manifest impcrfectious, as to make it doubtful how long tlicy 
 may survive, and it is exclusive also of the damage sustained 
 by freshets, ice-jams, or other accidents, which judging by past 
 experience wo.Jd seem to cause about 25 per cent, of the total 
 outlay. Adding therefore a moderate sum for these cotitin- 
 gcncies, and allowing for the decay of Bridges before the 
 assumed period of 15 years, the expense of this portion of 
 the Great Road Service will be at least c£l2,000 for the next 
 5 or 6 years. This sum, heavy as it undoubtedly is, is not 
 more than the average of the last lOycars; fonr-fifilis of those 
 now standing having been built within that period. 
 
 The total length 'of Bridgirg, including the approaches, 
 which are generally planked : id hanjirailed, is about 112,000 
 feet, or over 21 miles, ant dividing the original cost and 
 annual expense of renewals b v this nnmber, the average cost of 
 construction will have been jEl 6 8 [ter foot run, and the charge 
 for renewal 23. Id. per foot per annum, giving the present 
 durability of the wooden Bridges throughout the Province ar> 
 
46 
 
 r\ 
 
 E ■ (I 
 
 average of liitle over 12J years. The repairs to those Bridges 
 are generally confined to the superstructure or planking, their 
 rapid decay seldom requiring or receiving any attention to the 
 nbutments or underworks : and if the annual expense of 
 renewals scctn extravagant, the cost of repairs and replanking 
 on Bridges whose average life is so short, must seem equally 
 unreasonable. Over 70,000 feet running are covered with 
 hemlock or spruce planking 3 or 4 inches thick, and costing on 
 nn average, secured in its place, about 5s. per foot in length of 
 the Bridge. This flooring will last about 6 years, often not 
 over 5, and requires renewing generally twice, and always 
 once in the short life time of the Bridge, costing £1,700 
 annually to keep up under 14 miles of flooring, exclusive of 
 its total renovation every 12 or 13 years. If to this is added 
 the cost of handrailing, new stringers, and other repairs, the 
 total expense for maintenance amounts to about .£2,700 per 
 annum, or 5d. per foot on all the Bridges in the Province ; 
 making the actual average cost fur repairs and renewals, over 
 all the Roads, about JC14,0U0 per annum, or 2s. 6d. per foot run. 
 Some of the Bridges built the last year or two, (exclusive 
 of the' new ones by the Board of Works,) have been of a 
 superior style of workmanship, and on one or two of the Roads 
 a system of durable and permanent work has been partially 
 carried out, but these isolated attempts, reflecting great credit 
 upon the individual Supervisors, scarcely aflcct the average 
 throughout the Province, and show not so much any improve- 
 ment in the character of the bridging generally, as what may 
 be obtained when a system is introduced and worked to. 
 Even in some of the best of these, there is an evident want 
 of calculation and design, and some small saving, or ill-devised 
 portion, detracts from the value of the whole, and perhaps 
 injures its permanence and utility. Some of them are ap- 
 proached by descents so frightful, and round curves so sharp 
 and dangerous, that the Bridge only answers half its intended 
 purpose, and others, as the one over the Main South West 
 Aliramichi, have an expensive and durable superstructure 
 placed on abutments so badly designed that the existence of 
 the whole is endangered. 
 
to these Bridges 
 
 planking, their 
 
 attention to the 
 
 ual expense of 
 
 3 and replanking 
 
 St seem equally 
 
 re covered with 
 
 {, and costing on 
 
 foot in length of 
 
 years, often not 
 
 ice, and always 
 
 costing JE 1,700 
 
 ing, exclusive of 
 
 f to this is added 
 
 )ther repairs, the 
 
 about ^£2,700 per 
 
 in the Province ; 
 
 nd renewals, over 
 
 s. Gd. per foot run. 
 
 or two, (exclusive 
 
 ) have been of o 
 
 r two of the Roads 
 
 Ims been partially 
 
 acting great credit 
 
 iffect the average 
 
 [luch any improve- 
 
 rally, as what may 
 
 t and worked to. 
 
 is an evident want 
 
 iving, or ill-devised 
 
 hole, and perhaps 
 
 i of them are ap- 
 
 d curves so sharp 
 
 rs half its intended 
 
 Main South West 
 
 ble superstructure 
 
 lat the existence of 
 
 47 
 
 A great variety of wooden Bridges Imvc been built in one 
 part of the Province or anollicr, ond much experience has 
 been gained respecting their construction, cost ond matcrinlsr 
 but no system has been adopted by wliicli these results have 
 been perpetuated, or registered for future reference; and it is 
 with the greatest difficulty that the past history of the Road n\ul 
 Bridge making can be traced. As far as regards the material* 
 at hand, few parts of the world would appwir to be rnticli better 
 situated ; and with very slight addition to tin- present oiitlay- 
 pernianent abutments of granite, or durable ones of cedar, can 
 generally be secured. With a view to reduce the cost of granite 
 to the lowest possible figure, (juarries niiijbt be opened in dif- 
 ferent parts of the Province, and contracts let for the <|iiarrying 
 and dressing the stone, ready for the contractors, wImj wouhJ 
 be required to take it for their IJiidge contracts at a certaitr 
 price. Thrs was the system adopted by the (Jrand Trunk 
 lloilway rn their large stone 'vjdgos in Canadri. Thc! ••xtrn 
 haulage to some places being more than made up by the 
 saving in opening quarries for every individual structure, by 
 the quality of the stone procured, and by the time saved ir> 
 having the dimensioned blocks ready whenever refpiired. 
 The granite ridge that crosses the Province from Saint Ste- 
 phens through the centre of the County of York, presents n 
 most valiiable building material, and the expcricMice of the 
 Waweig and Sullivan's Creek Bridges show that, without 
 chisel dressing, largo sipiared blocks can be procured of 
 almost any dimensions. By having n supply of stone before- 
 hand, letting contracts in the autumn and winter instead of 
 the spring, so as to secure the benefit of haulagj on the snow^ 
 it is believed that every Bridge in the Counties of York and 
 Charlotte might be furnished with granite abutments for 
 £1 10s. per cubic yard. 
 
 In other places where stone cannot be procured, antumn con- 
 tracts would be equally advantageous to those seeking good 
 ivinter-cul timber, the haulage be reduced, and the materiaf' 
 of very much more durable character. Cedar abutments^ 
 and for short spans, cedar stringer?, are next to stone %\w- 
 
48 
 
 i '» 
 
 most durable, and in many localities, from the nature of the 
 ground in which cedar generally is found, this, unless when the 
 ground is frozen, cannot be procured excepting in small and in' 
 sufficient quantity. Culverts and earthen cmbrinkmcnts, as at 
 Sullivan's Creek, whenever practicable, should be employed. 
 Jty winter haulage for all the materials rc(|uisite to make a 
 commencement, and by having the stone ready at the opening 
 of the spring, the average cost of these works will not exceed 
 by fifty per fent. the present race of tumble-down hemlock 
 Bridges usually found across the ravines, particularly practi- 
 cable for culverts. With respect to the additional cost of per- 
 manent work over temporary, Sullivan's (Ureek may be in- 
 stanced, where the same improvement, but with a wooden 
 Bridge, would have cost within j£l,(K)0 of the present struc- 
 ture. Deducting the expenditure on the improvement of 
 1450 feet of Road on the north side of the Bridge, the abs;;- 
 lute coat of the embankment and culvert will have been under 
 £4,000, whilst the old hemlock Bridge, without approaches, 
 cost £2,000. tt was built in 1841, and has been unsafe for 
 two years. From ten to fifteen years is the life of all these 
 large wooden Bridges, and to renew such a structure worth 
 £2,000, requires the annual deposit of a sinking fund :— > 
 To renew in 10 years, of 8 per cent., or £160 
 Do. 12 ♦• 6 " 120 
 
 Do. 15 •• nearly 5 " 96 
 
 Taking fourteen years, which is beyond the average, a sink- 
 ing fund of £100 per annum, with accruing compound inter' 
 est, forms a first charge against a wooden Bridge to provide 
 for its rent wal. During that period, it will twice require 
 replanking, if spruce, as at present, is employed, at a further 
 cost of £200, which spread over fourteen years, requires £14 
 per annum for the flooring, and iron spikes, cramps, new 
 stringers and handrailing, will bring this up to £20 — making 
 £120 for repairs and renewals, which is the interest on the 
 additional £2,000 that the permanent embankment has cost. 
 Besides these certain charges against the wooden Bridge, 
 which brings up its expense to the full cost of stone, there ia 
 
 S. 
 
■"^:!fv 
 
 nature of the 
 nlesa when the 
 n small anil in* 
 nkuients, as at 
 I be employed, 
 site to make a 
 at the opening 
 will not exceed 
 -down hemlock 
 ticularly practi- 
 )nal tost of per- 
 eck may be in- 
 with a wooden 
 3 present struc- 
 mprovement of 
 lidge, the ahs- - 
 have been under 
 lout approaches, 
 been unsafe for 
 J life of all these 
 structure worth 
 ling fund :•— 
 ., or £161> 
 120 
 96 
 average, a sink- 
 compound inter- 
 5 ridge to provide 
 /ill twice require 
 loyed, at a further 
 !ars, requires £14 
 lies, cramps, new 
 , to je20— making 
 le interest on the 
 jankment has cost. 
 B wooden Bridge, 
 , of stone, there ia 
 
 49 
 
 the risk of accident from fire, of itn falling, or being carried 
 away by freshets or ice-jams, the washing out of the underpin- 
 ning, and subsequent settlement of the superstructure, the 
 continual apprehension of some unseen agency or decay, and 
 the liability to which all foundations in the neighbourhood uf 
 water arc more or less liable, change in the channel, or under- 
 mining of the foundations, from any accidental or unforeseen 
 diversion or impediment. To a country seeking settlement, 
 any cause affecting the permanence and value of property is 
 a matter of more importance than two or three |)er cent, in 
 the amount of the outlay that secures it, and nothing is so in- 
 jurious as the apprehension of some catastrophe that may 
 interrupt the communication, or lead to a diversion of the 
 thoroughfare. The permanent works of a country are its 
 value in the eyes of the world, and temporary expedients, 
 however numerous, give a fluctuating and temporary value, 
 but no genuine advancement or intrinsic progression. Were 
 rivers and railways deviated, removed or obliterated as easily 
 as these half-established Roads and decaying l^ridges, their 
 value in increasing the prosperity of a district, would be as 
 trifling as the latter, whilst the permanent and expensive 
 Bridges that fix the locality of a thoroughfare, and keep open 
 a communication in a certain unalterable channel, like the 
 other avenues of commerce, retain some portion of the busi- 
 ness and activity that they have given rise to, and impart a 
 value and importance to their frontage, equal, if not superior, 
 to the others. 
 
 With respect to the durability of stone work as affected by 
 the climate, the oldest stone bridge in the Province, over 
 Phyliis's Creek on the Road hence to Woodstock, built in 
 1810, was widened in 1838, when the old work was found per- 
 fectly good, and this year old and new seem equally substan- 
 tial. Where stone cannot be procured, cedar, especially in 
 winter, generally can, and the Bridges on the North Shore, 
 and others alluded to in the description of the Roads, show 
 how extremely cheap and efficient wooden Bridges may be 
 made. The old growth of hacmatac is also extremely dura- 
 
 4 
 
50 
 
 i? li 
 
 ble, and for planking the additional expense over ftpriico f« 
 nothing to the economical difference in value. With rei^pect 
 to planking, when such is necessary, the cost of hemlock und 
 spruce is so nearly equal to pine and tamarack in many part» 
 of the Province, that the former should Lc very sparingly 
 employed. The aso of four instead of three inch plank, us 
 on some of the later Bridges, appears to be attended with but 
 little advantage, the wood decaying before it is worn out. Nor 
 does even the enclosing of the Bridges with a rouf appear ta 
 beany great protection to the spruce flouring; the Rcnous 
 River Bridge, ffoored with four inch spruce, and covered at 
 the top, has been built under six years, and requires refloor-' 
 ing next spring. The cause of this rapid d>cay in this and 
 other covered Bridges, may be princrpaUy due to the roof 
 affording a refuge in summer for aH the vagrant cattTe of 
 the district, who make this their shelter by day, and their bed 
 at night, increasing the danger and difficulty of travelling 
 through them, and keeping the Hoor in a perpetually dirty and 
 offensive condition. As an improvement on spruce, the Ares- 
 took Bridge built in 1848, and covered with four inch spruce, 
 was sheathed with tamarack in 1855, which will probaWy last 
 out the Bridge, the abatments of which are hemlock. The 
 relative expense of re-covering this Bridge, 400 feet long, was 
 estimated at JC13() for spruce, and jCI48 fur tamaruckr One 
 of the Bridges built between Suint John and Nova Scotia this 
 year, over the Mill Stream, 42 miles from Suint John, has 
 been planked with white pine. But few Bridges in this' 
 Province have been so covered, though in Canada its use for 
 this purpose is almost universal. On the Road from here to- 
 Woodstock, Long*^s Creek and Dow's Creek Bridges were 
 ptanked when first pat down with three inch pine. The latter 
 stood fifteen years, and the former of the same age is still in 
 use, though the Bridge itself is very much dectijed. The 
 Digdeguash Bridge between here and Saint Andrews, built 
 the year before Long's Creek, has had three coverings oF 
 hemlock plank, and if not rebuilt next year will require a 
 fourth. Probably the best covering that has hitherto bceif 
 
51 
 
 \s 
 
 over spruce i» 
 Willi respect 
 f hemlock un() 
 in many partt 
 very sparingly 
 iiirli plank, us 
 cndcil with hut 
 worn out. Nor 
 roof appear ta 
 ; the Kcnous 
 and covered at 
 •cqnires refloor- 
 jcay in this and 
 due to the roof 
 ngrant cnttFe of 
 xy, and their hed 
 ilty of travelling 
 ^etuully dirty and 
 spruce, the Ares- 
 four inch spruce, 
 wiU prolmWy last 
 e hemlock. The 
 490 feet long, was 
 tamarack.- One 
 I Nova Scotia this 
 1 Saint John, has 
 r Bridges in this 
 Canada its use for 
 Road from here to 
 eek Bridges were 
 1 pine. The latter 
 jame age is still in 
 ich deai)ed. The 
 jnt Andrews, huilt 
 three coverings of 
 irear will require a 
 has hitherto bcew 
 
 employed is the simple flooring of round cedar poles, hushed 
 and gravelled as on the North Shore Roads, and the only diH- 
 advantagc attending it for long spann in the great weight of 
 
 1 material, and conHcquent injurious strain thrown upon the 
 
 abutments and stringers. This wus undouhtcdiy the cause 
 of the subsidence of the old South Bay Bridge, and is an 
 objectionable feature in the new one at tliu same place. A 
 lighter flooring of gravel and lime, of cement or asphaltc, 
 would be a great improvement, and if gcnornlly employed, its 
 original cost would be no more than the present planking, be 
 much more pleasant and safe for travellers, und save the Pro- 
 vince probably £2,000 per annum in repairs. 
 
 For the stringers that cross the openings between the abut- 
 ments, and on the strength and firmness of which the safety 
 of the travelling depends, and for the truss work employed to 
 carry these stringers when the spun exceeds 25 or 30 feet, the 
 best timber at present employed is probably white pine. The 
 Missiguash, and a few Bridges in Westmorland and Albert, 
 have been built of Southern pine, the expense of which 
 would, however, prevent its general adoption throughout the 
 Province. Of late years much attention has been bestowed 
 upon wrought iron as a substitute for wood for this purpose, 
 and in certain situations there is no doubt that light iron 
 girders from 60 to 100 feet span, can be produced cheaper 
 than any timber that would be admissible in the same situa- 
 tion. Independently of its durability and cheapness, the light 
 lattice girder forms the most efficient handrail, and the details 
 being always above the roadway, and in sight, no accident can 
 occur without being at once detected. For a 70 foot span, a 
 pair of wrought iron girders, capable of bearing 20 tons in the 
 centre of the opening, or 40 tons equally distributed over the 
 span, would weigh about three tons, and cost probably, com- 
 plete, under £2 per running foot, wliich is about the same ns 
 the present Queen post truss with the usual white pine timber, 
 and less than when pitch pine is employed. An additional 
 advantage of these girders would be their strength, which 
 would permit the employment of a concrete flooring without 
 
52 
 
 any injurious or dangerous strain to affect the safety or dara- 
 bility of the structure. 
 
 The undersigned has already suggested to Your Excellency, 
 a revision of the system of management under which the Great 
 Road establishment has grown to its present magnitude ; and 
 without wishing to detract at all from the merits of those who 
 have previously been engaged in this work, has felt it a duty 
 to point out some of the inconsistencies and failures that have 
 been perpetrated, as shewing the necessity for a more econo- 
 mical and scientific arrangement. In advocating the employ- 
 ment of salaried officers, acting immediately under the orders 
 of the Board of Works, it is believed that this is the only 
 system by which much that is at present wasteful and extrava- 
 gant can be prevented. A similar suggestion was offered to 
 Your Excelleney by the late Cbief Commissioner in his Report 
 for 1855 ; and as far back as 1840, in his o|)ening Speech to 
 both Houses, Sir John Harvey, the then Lieutenant Governor, 
 expressed his opinion very strongly in favor of committing the 
 " Great Roads" to the care uf salaried officers " us the hest 
 mode that has occurred or been suggested to me, to insure 
 uniformity in the system of their construction and repair, as 
 well as economy in the outlay connected with this very impor- 
 tant branch of the public expenditure." 
 
 The estimates for each separate Road, in the previous 
 Report, are exhibited at one view in Appendix B, and are 
 exclusive of the expenditure on such large Bridges, as since 
 the appointment of this Board, have been excepted from the 
 Great Road service of the Supervisors. Should no such 
 appointments be made for the ensuing season, some one or 
 two of the Roads may not require so much as this estimate, 
 the amount being partly to guard against accidents that may 
 not occur, and the correct and equitable apportionment of the 
 Grants on many Roads being dependent upon unforeseen con- 
 tingencies. 
 
 > V 
 
safety or dura- 
 four Excellency, 
 which the Great 
 magnitude ; and 
 its of those who 
 has felt it a duty 
 failttres that have 
 or a more, erono- 
 jting the employ- 
 under the orders 
 t this is the only 
 teful and extrava- 
 )« was offered to 
 oner in his Report 
 HHjning Speech to 
 utenant Governor, 
 of committing the 
 icers " as the best 
 1 to me, to insure 
 ion and repair, a& 
 th this very impor- 
 
 I, in the previous 
 pendix B, and are 
 B Bridges, as since 
 
 excepted from the 
 
 ShouVd no such 
 
 eason, some one or 
 
 ch as this estimate, 
 
 accidents that may 
 pportionment of the 
 ipon unforeseen con- 
 
 53 
 
 DREDGING MACHINE. 
 
 The Dredging Machine began to work on the Grand Lake 
 Shoal on May 7th 1856, where the work had been suspended the 
 year before, and up to the 7lh of July excavated 25,380 cubic 
 yards. At the end of the last season a channel had been cut 
 1,200 yards long, 35 feet broad, and 12 feet deep. This has been 
 widened 25 feet, making now a total breadth of GO feet for that 
 distance, and in addition, the channel has been lengthened GOO 
 yards by a breadth of 35 feet, further into the Lake ; the whole 
 distanceof upwards of a mile through the Shoal being now pass- 
 able for boats drawing 11 feet water. To complete this work, 
 that part of the new channel cut this year should be widened 
 to the same dimensions as tlio other, viz., GO feet, and the 
 whole cleared out to 12 feet deep. The material removed 
 •was yellow and blue clay, and there does not appear to be any 
 great tendency to deposit mud or sawdust, and if the whole 
 length is made uniform, so as to secure the scouring action of 
 the outflow, what has been done would probably be permanent. 
 During the year the boats liave been enabled to pass and 
 repass freely without interruption or discharging part of their 
 cargo as heretofore. 
 
 The Dredge was subsequently removed to Fredericton to 
 clear out the wharves and deposits near the shore, and took 
 out 2,850 cubic yards principally of mud. Some extensive 
 repairs were put upon the hull and machiuery at this time, 
 and on the 5th of August the boat was removed to I lie Oromocto 
 Shoals, where it worked till the 1st of October, and again 
 from the 24th of October to the 10th of November. During 
 this period 33,070 cubic yards were excavated, cutting a 
 channel 450 yards long, 80 feet wide, and 15 feet deep, across 
 the principal bar. The Oromocto Shoals consists of a series 
 of bars stretching across the River, and extending for about 2 
 miles down the Saint John, one half of which distance will 
 require to be dredged. The material is a fine white sand 
 admirably adapted for building purposes, deposited to a depth 
 of from 5 to 7 feet, on a substratum of blue clay. As this 
 sand will only stand at an angle of 1 to 5 under water, it would 
 
I" 
 
 f 
 
 1 L 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 SI SI 
 
 Is J 
 
 54 
 
 seem to be desirable to excavate a channel through all the 
 bars, say 200 feet wide, and 15 feet deep at low water, when 
 in all probability, the River, instead of silting up, will rather 
 have a tendency to scour the channel and keep it permanently 
 open. The causes that originally formed these deposits in the 
 Saint John being still in operation, and the material itself so 
 light and unstable, any remedy short of a complete thorough- 
 fare for the ebb-tide would seem useless and unsuitable. 
 From the 1st to the 21 st of October, the Dredge was employed 
 at Fredericton in cutting a channel for the ferry boat across 
 the River, and in this service removed 10,380 yards from a 
 series of sand bars formed below the mouth of the Nashwaaksis, 
 on the east side of the Saint John. The total nun's be i if cubic 
 yards excavated during the season of 158 days, ' Leen 
 71,680 yards ; and the total expense up to the 25th ■ i - 'vem. 
 ber, when the boat was laid up, will be about XI, 300, or a trifle 
 over 4d. per yard. 
 
 Included in the repairs of the Machine for this year, is about 
 £150 expended in improvements and alterations, in raising 
 the main shafting and changing the position of the bucket 
 ways, to increase their capacity and improve their action. These 
 alterations, removing the Dredge from place to place, break- 
 ages and delays, occupied 25 days, leaving the total number of 
 working days 133, and an average of 539 cubic yards per day 
 excavated. 
 
 Another heavy expense, amounting to nearly £100 for the 
 season, has been the cost of towage, which for the future may 
 probably be reduced. The purchase of a new Scow, amounting 
 to £77, is also included ; but as a set off against these extra- 
 ordinary charges, the cost of wintering the machine, and repair- 
 ing during that time, n.ust be added to form a correct estimate 
 of the expense ; and taking into accoiiat the favorable nature of 
 the work on which it has this year been altogether employed, 
 and the present good condition of the hull and machinery, it 
 must be regarded as below what may be expected as the average 
 expenditure. For next season the estimate of £10 per day 
 for 150 working days, or £1,500, is made under the suppo- 
 
■'■Cf!" 
 
 through all the 
 low water, when 
 w un, will rather 
 jp it permanently 
 se deposits in the 
 material itself so 
 mplete thorough- 
 and unsuitable, 
 dge was employed 
 ferry boat across 
 ,380 yards from a 
 the Nashwaaksis, 
 ;al numbck '»f cubic 
 i8 days, * 1 een 
 he 25th i vera. 
 £1,300, or a trifle 
 
 r this year, is about 
 erations, in raising 
 ition of the bucket 
 ! their action. These 
 ace to place, break- 
 the total number of 
 cubic yards per day 
 
 nearly £100 for the 
 h for the future may 
 lew Scow, amounting 
 against these extra- 
 machine, and repair- 
 ■m a correct estimate 
 le favorable nature of 
 altogether employed, 
 nil and machinery, it 
 pected as the average 
 nate of £10 per day 
 nde under the suppo- 
 
 
 55 
 
 sition that the Dredge is required for the same description of 
 work as the last, and constantly employed. When interfered 
 with by the tide, or needing additional labor in scowing the 
 material away after excavating, it will cost more ; and if 
 employed at the private wharves in the City of Saint John, the 
 price charged should include, besides this, a sufficient amount 
 tf) cover tlie interest and <lepreciation of the Machine. 
 
 IMPROVEMENT HICHIBUCTO HARBOUR. 
 
 A Contract was let last year by the Chief Commissioner to 
 Messrs. Holderness and M'Leod, to deepen the Bar at the 
 Mouth of the Richibucto River to 13 feet at low water, the 
 Contract specifying that no part of the sum should be paid till 
 the whole was completed to the satisfaction of the Government. 
 During the season, it is understood that considerable dredging 
 has been done, and that the depth of water on the Bar has 
 been improved, but no official notification has been made to 
 the Board, and nothing has been paid on account of the work. 
 <>» 
 
 ERECTION OF LIGHT HOUSES. 
 
 No. 1. 
 Misr.oe Island. 
 On the 25th of August 1855, a contract was taken by Mr. 
 James Murray of Newcastle, to erect a Light House, Keep- 
 er's House and Wood Shed on Miscoe Island, to be completed 
 by the 1st of September 1856, for the sum of £1,220, exclu- 
 sive of the Lantern and its fixings. The latter did not arrive 
 from England before the 10th of October, at which time 
 everything was ready for its reception. On the 1st of Novem- 
 ber, Mr. Hay, the Keeper of the Escuminac Light, was sent 
 by the Commissioners of Light Houses of the Gulf of Saint 
 Lawrence, to examine the work, and found everything in ex- 
 cellent order, and {;ave a certificate accordingly. The Light 
 was put into operation by Mr. Hay, and lit for the first time 
 on the 4th of November, and proves to be a most excellent 
 
56 
 
 one. The total expense of the Li<;[ht House, Lantern, and 
 everything complete, will lie about £2,200, some small claims 
 being included that have not yet been adjusted. 
 
 No. 2. 
 
 Grindstone Island, 
 
 Nothing has been done during the last season towards the 
 erection of the Light House on this Island, for which an Ap- 
 propriation was made in the Se!!>sion of 1854: the delay being 
 caused by the difficulty of obtaining a satisfactory title of 
 sufficient ground for the purpose. 
 
 m 
 
 SAINT JOHN RIVER IMPROVEMENTS. 
 
 Last Session an Appropriation of £1,500 was made for the 
 Improvement of the River Saint John, in continuation of 
 similar Grants spread over the preceding six years. Since 
 1853, this expenditure has been under the immediate super- 
 vision of Colonel Macluuchlan, who has bestowed great time 
 and attention to the subject, and undoubtedly produced a 
 great improvement in the Navigation ; his Report on this ser- 
 vice for the last year, forming Appendix E, contains some 
 valuable statistical information, and elucidates the general 
 principles upon which the operations have been conducted. 
 To complete the improvement undertaken by Colonel Mac- 
 lauchlnn would not require very much further expenditure 
 between Fredericton and the Grand Falls, and a Grant of the 
 same amount as the last year, continued for two seasons 
 more, would probably produce as perfect a navigation as can 
 be obtained without the expensive appliances of locks and 
 draws, as upon the Saint Lawrence and other Rivers. 
 
 In addition to the operations under the superintendence of 
 Colonel Maclauchlan, a sum of £119 IG 9 has been expend- 
 ed in blowing off a portion of the Split Rock (so called) at the 
 Grand Falls. It would require £125 to complete the removal 
 of this rock, the service is attended with danger to the work- 
 men, and there ia only one p'lrticular state of the water at 
 
57 
 
 Lantern, and 
 e small claims 
 
 on towards the 
 r wliioh an Ap- 
 the delay being 
 factory title of 
 
 lENTS. 
 
 as made for the 
 continuation of 
 X years. Since 
 imediate siiper- 
 )\ved great time 
 dly produced a 
 sport on this ser- 
 j, contains some 
 ites the general 
 been conducted. 
 )y Colonel Mac- 
 ther expenditure 
 id a Grant of the 
 for two seasons 
 aviiraiion as can 
 ces of locks and 
 r Rivers. 
 
 uperintendence of 
 has been expend- 
 ; (so called) at the 
 (iplete the removal 
 nger to the work- 
 e of the water at 
 
 which it is at all practicable. The Grand Falls would appear 
 to be too serious an obstruction to be niatoriiilly improved by any 
 small appropriations, and unless some coniprehcnsive applica- 
 tion of slides, dams and sluices is undertaken, this isolated and 
 unsystematic expenditure for particular and special objects, 
 would appear to be but very partially serviceable. 
 
 PUBLIC BUILDLXGS. 
 
 During the Session of 1856, the sum of £750 was appro" 
 priated for the repairs and improvement of the Public Uiiild- 
 ings during the year. Of this sum, it will be seen by referciic(? 
 to the detailed expenditure in Appendix A, that X333 14 
 had been paid up to the 31st of October, but the balanro it is 
 estimated will be sufficient to pay off all the liabilities that have 
 been incurred. Of this sum £104 'i were old chiiins a',Miiist 
 the Commissioner of Public Buildings before the organiziition 
 of the Board of Works. 
 
 The repairs to Government House have been linavy, from 
 both main-building and out-houses having been suffered to fall 
 very much out of order. Tiie floor of the basement building 
 has been renewed, and the whole of the outside sashes have 
 been repaired and |)ainted. In the main bnilditig pairrtiug 
 and whitewashing has been done, and al)out £(50 has been 
 expended on the furniture of the public reception rooms, uhicli 
 was very much needed. The out-houses have l)een under- 
 pinned and repaired, and new fencing and general repairs 
 have been completed in the front of the main building. There 
 is still a quantity of fencing that is decayed and retpiires 
 renewal, and some arrangement is necessary to protect the 
 bank in front of the house from the washing of the River, which 
 is cutting it away. 
 
 It was found on examination that the building occupied by 
 the Legislative Council, and part of the one occupied by the 
 Executive Council, had the first floor timbers, over the foun- 
 dations, completely rotted away, principally from want of 
 ventilation. This has been remedied, new foundations, with 
 proper circulation of air provided for, have been substituted, 
 
58 
 
 :i- 1 hi 
 
 new floor timhcrs put in, nnd general rcpnirs have been mndc 
 to Ijoth buildings. The Offices of the Clerk of the Executive 
 Council, of ihe Chief Superintendent of Schools, and of the 
 Clerk of the Supreme Court, have nil been newly painted, 
 w^iitewashcd, and {renernliy repaired. Some additions and 
 repairs have boen made to the Surveyor General's and Secre- 
 tary's Ofiices, and the premises occupied by the House of 
 Assembly have been new-fitted and improved. 
 
 The Legislative Library has been enlarged by taking in the 
 apartments recently occupied by the Master of the Rolls, new 
 book cases have been added, and new carpeting, painting, and 
 remodelling, at an expense of £1G8 18 5, which was not pro- 
 vided for in the Grant of £750 fur Public Buildings, and by 
 which that amount will probably be exceeded. 
 
 A complete new set of Ladders has been made and placed 
 in position both for the Government House and for the oth«r 
 Tublic Buildings. Those that were removed were some of 
 them completely decayed, and would have been found quite 
 unserviceable had (hey been r.equired. 
 
 The sum of £700 will be necessary to keep the Public 
 Buildings in repair next year; this amount being requisite to 
 maintain (hem in proper condition. 
 
 PUBLIC WHARVES. 
 No. 1. 
 
 Low Water Landing at St. Andrews. 
 
 In J855 appropriations to the amount of £259 5s. were 
 made for the erection of a Low Water Landing at St. Andrews, 
 in the County of Charlotte. This sum purchased the ground, 
 and erected a Wharf extending to low water at ordinary tides. 
 Last year a further appropriation of £125 was made to extend 
 this Wharf so as to enable Steamers to lie afloat at extreme 
 low water at the lowest tides. Thi-> required an addition of 
 80 feet to the previous work, which has been effected by build- 
 ing a block 50 feet long and 30 feet wide, and connecting it 
 with the previous work by a Bridge of 30 feet span, resting on 
 double timbers of large size. This extension makes the 
 
inve been made 
 
 f the Executive 
 
 ools, and of the 
 
 newly painted, 
 
 3 additions and 
 
 ral's and Secre- 
 
 (y the House of 
 
 by taking in the 
 
 if the Rolls, new 
 
 ng, painting, and 
 
 lich was not pro- 
 
 Juildings, and by 
 
 1. 
 
 made and placed 
 and for the other 
 ed were some of 
 been found quite 
 
 keep the Public 
 being requisite to 
 
 ndretcs. 
 
 of £259 5s. were 
 in" at St. Andrews, 
 chased the ground, 
 er at ordinary tides, 
 tvas made to extend 
 e afloat at extreme 
 ired an addition of 
 !n efi'ected by build- 
 , and connecting it 
 eet span, resting on 
 tension makes the 
 
 59 
 
 whole length of the Wharf 530 feet, and renders it, as it is 
 believed, one of the most convenient Stcnin IJoat landin"s in 
 the Province. In addition to the Grant of £135 from tlie 
 Legislature, the American Steamers contributed £75, and the 
 ihabitants of St. V-''''!ViS raised a further sam of £30 
 towards making the i, ,uglas Street approach an easier ascent, 
 and railing in about 150 feet of the north side of the Wharf, 
 which was exposed and dangerous during the prevalence of 
 high winds. The Contract for the Block and Bridge was 
 £225, of which there is still a balance due to the Cuntrnctor 
 of £12 IDs., besides which the Princess Street ap|)roach is 
 incomplete, requiring plank flooring to make it available for 
 vehicles, or convenient for pedestrians, and £35 is asked fcir 
 this object, making altogether £47 10s., which is recommended 
 to be appropriated next Session. 
 
 No. 2. 
 Tillci/^s Landing. 
 
 The Wharf at Tilley's Landing on the Saint John River, 
 20 miles below Fredericton, has been repaired this season at 
 a cost of about £40, partly taken from the Great RoatI money 
 appropriated for the Road terminating at the Wharf from the 
 Little River Mills on the Fredericton and Richibucto Road, 
 and partly from a Bye Road Grant that was not re(|nired fur 
 the purpose for which it was appropriated. There is a <,'reat 
 deal of business done at this Wharf, and these re|)airs, though 
 not sanctioned previously, have been an useful application of 
 the public money, and given satisfaction in the nciglibonihoud. 
 
 In conclusion, the undersigned recognizes the (tropriety of 
 strict economy in the performance of all the work committed 
 to this Department, and believes that this is to he accomplished, 
 not by the use of inferior or temporary materials, but by doing 
 all new work in a thorough and durable manner ; and rather 
 repairing up present works to last a few jears longer than 
 making any sacrifice for the sake of equalizing the expendi- 
 ture on each Road. By this means it is hoped that any addi- 
 
60 
 
 I 
 
 tional outlay involved in tl)c conatrnction of permanent works, 
 snny be mnclc up by prolonging the existence, of what may be 
 at present temporary and perishable, as long as possible ; and 
 then re-orecting them ofu more dnrablc and superior construc- 
 tion. IJy this means, as Bridges, ^c. fail in every part of the 
 I'rovince, permanent structures would by degrees take their 
 place, and the decreasing repairs each year on the new work 
 would |)crmit in n few years, tlic introduction of other and more 
 expensive improvements ; and though strict (^quality in the dis- 
 tribution of the Provincial Grants could not every year bo ob- 
 tained, yet the average of a number of seasons woidd remove 
 even this objection, and restore the |)resenf e<piilibrium. 
 
 A large outlay, probably 20 per cent, of the whole sum, has 
 heretofore been occasioned by what must be looked upon as 
 an unfortunate opinion, prevalent, but nevertheless erroneous. 
 It is considered that Public Works, and the expenditure of 
 piildic money is n local benefit, rather than a general good; 
 and the object hitherto appears to have been to secure the 
 largest share of the outlay for each locality, irrespective of its 
 wants or position ; and large sums have been spent. Bridges 
 fuiilt, and outlay incurred where such have not been absolutely 
 necessary. This all oroceeds from a mistaken notion of the 
 requirements of the country, an<l the best way of promoting its 
 prosperity, and has undoubtedly not contrii»Hted to the improve- 
 nsi.'nt of its internal communication, or its position with respect 
 to neighbouring Provinces. If the public money is wasted 
 where it is not wanted, permanent work cannot be afforded 
 where it is necessary, and on the contrary, by practising 
 economy throughout, means arc furnished, to finish what is 
 undertaken, in a better style of worknuinship, and to produce 
 results tint must soon tell upon the prosperity of the country. 
 
 .1 the foregoing is respectfully submitted. 
 
 C. MACPHERSON, 
 
 Chief Commissioner. 
 
 '.»> J 
 
nancnt works> 
 ■ what may be 
 possible ; nnJ 
 crior construc- 
 cry part of the 
 CCS take their 
 the new work 
 jtbcr and more 
 ality in the dis- 
 ;ry year be ob- 
 1 would remove 
 lilibrium. 
 whole sum, has 
 looked upon as 
 'less erroneous, 
 expcndilure of 
 jfcncral irood; 
 n to secure the 
 respective of its 
 1 spent, Bridges 
 been absolutely 
 en notion of the 
 of promoting its 
 dtotheimprovc- 
 ition with respect 
 loney is wasted 
 inol be afforded 
 y, by practising 
 to finish what is 
 ), and to produce 
 y of the country. 
 
 littcd. 
 
 JPHERSON, 
 
 ief Commissioner. 
 
 £:> 17 r, 
 
 8 11 7 
 
 'J 
 
 ;{ 10 
 
 J) 
 
 :\ 
 
 I'J G 
 
 Api»eu«1lx A. 
 
 No. 1. 
 
 STATEMENT shewing the Amount expended on Go- 
 vernment Bnihiings in Frcdcrlcton, from 7lh Fehruarv 
 to 31st October J85G. 
 
 Post Office. 
 
 Thomas Stewart, £0111 
 
 House of Assembly Bnilding. 
 R. liipset, . . - . 
 R. Dinin, .... 
 Thos. Williams, - 
 R. H. Payne, 
 Thos. Dowliiig, 
 Geori^p Lawrt'iicp, - 
 L. M'liPaii, 
 
 Executive Council, 
 
 R. Dnnn, 
 Tlios. Stewart, 
 
 Legislative Council. 
 
 E. Elliott, 
 
 T. G. Allen & Co. 
 
 Crown Land Office. 
 
 R, 11. Payne, 
 
 Secretary's Office. 
 
 Thos. Williams, 
 
 Judges and Clerk of the Pleas. 
 
 E. OBrien, - . - £0 "j 3 
 
 J. Nisbet, ... - .000 
 
 Superintendent of Schools. 
 
 Mrs. Driscoll, . - - - - 
 
 Legislative Library. 
 
 Tho8. Aitkin, 
 
 £"ja 
 
 ;') 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 K3 
 
 8 
 
 ,i'i 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 21 3 7 
 
 27 18 8 
 
 n 1.5 3 
 
 17 a 
 
 10 
 
 f) o 3 
 6 
 
 9 15 
 
 Carried forivard, 
 
 £81 I 10 
 
62 
 
 Brought forward. 
 
 I. ; 
 
 Goveri»ment House. 
 
 J. Laridrv, 
 
 P. Spillard, • 
 
 P. Burns, 
 
 T. F3owling, - 
 
 G. Puttison & Co. 
 
 J. M' Donald, 
 
 J. Xeill, 
 
 T. StHwart, - 
 
 M. Lpnioiit, ♦ 
 
 J. Connie, 
 
 R. Farril, 
 
 P. Parker, - 
 
 D. Elliott, * 
 
 Ann Sqnirea, 
 
 Mrs. Clark, * 
 
 Mary Brown, 
 
 M. Hig^ins, - 
 
 I). Connors, * 
 
 Gas Company, 
 
 0^« Board q/" iforks, 3I«< Oclubcr 185fi. 
 
 £81 1 10 
 
 £37 10 
 
 
 
 
 1 10 
 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 
 G4 8 
 
 6 
 
 
 1 10 
 
 
 
 
 4 6 
 
 11 
 
 
 5 17 
 
 8 
 
 
 1 10 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 1 8 
 
 
 
 
 19 I 
 
 3 
 
 
 3 10 
 
 
 
 
 1 8 
 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 6 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 1 f) 
 
 4 
 
 148 12 5 
 
 
 ASA 
 
 
 £229 14 3 
 
 
 COY, Sfc'y. 
 
 No. 2. 
 
 STATEMENT of Claims on the late Commissioner of 
 Government Buildings, paid by the Board of Works 
 between 7th February and 31st October 1856. 
 
 W. p. Taylor, 
 
 
 £5 12 6 
 
 A. Smith, 
 
 
 3 16 6 
 
 J. M'Donald. 
 
 
 33 I i 
 
 Haiheway & Small, 
 
 
 1 
 
 J. Neiil, 
 
 
 3 12 
 
 R. Chestnut, 
 
 
 27 11 9 
 
 R. Woods, - 
 
 
 2 10 
 
 A. H. Clark, 
 
 
 24 12 4 
 
 J. S. Conner, 
 
 31 rf October 1856. 
 
 . 2 4 1 
 
 ■ ; 
 
 
 £104 3 
 
 Office Board qf ff^orks, 
 
 ASA COY, Sec'y. 
 
£Q\ I 10 
 
 63 
 
 No. 3. 
 
 STATEMENT shewing Payments made hy 
 of Works on acconnt of llic Ilonsc of Assc 
 7th February to 31st October 185(>. 
 
 n. B. Ruinsford, - 
 J. Reilly, 
 John Holland, 
 /\ndrew Marr, 
 Moses Brown, 
 Danii'l Hurley, 
 M. Drisc-oU, 
 .1. Moore, 
 E. O'Brrpin 
 E. Williams, 
 J. Xeill, 
 J. SrrUivan, 
 
 the Boarii! 
 
 mbly, 
 
 from" 
 
 Jl'20 
 
 7 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 'J 
 
 1) 
 
 n 
 
 'J 
 
 
 
 {} 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 (V 
 
 I 
 
 7 
 
 «'» 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 u 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 ;{ 
 
 \'J 
 
 (r 
 
 ;^ 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 t.o 
 
 II 
 
 U) 
 
 *j 
 
 
 
 {? 
 
 iioa (;• 
 
 AnA COY, >>«>. 
 
 148 12 5 
 £229143 
 ASA GOV, Sec'tf. 
 
 ;jommissioner of 
 
 Boavd of Works 
 
 )ber 1856. 
 
 £5 12 6 
 3 16 6 
 
 33 I I 
 
 1 
 3 12 
 
 27 11 9 
 
 2 10 
 24 12 4 
 
 2 4 1 
 
 £104 3 
 ASA COY, Sec'y. 
 
 Office Hoard of fyorlat, 31.>/ OrUef l(i.'i»>. 
 
 No. 4. 
 
 STATEMENT shewing the Amount advanced on un- 
 finished work, from 7th February to 3Jst October 185G. 
 
 Bridges, 
 
 North West Bridge, - - - •' 
 
 Hampton Kerry, - . - - 
 
 Sullivan Creek, - - - - 
 
 Sonth Bay, ,<.-'' 
 
 Musquash, 
 
 Hammond River, . - - ' 
 
 Sackville, . - . - - 
 
 Grand Falls, - - - - - 
 Trout Creek, - - - - ' 
 E«tey ('reek. - - - - - 
 
 Ransom Brook Bridge, Albert, 
 
 /os Tondinson, on account of Bridges (.'enerall 
 
 L. R. Coombes, to repair Bridges in Victoria, 18.) 
 
 Miseoe Light House Buildings, 
 
 Richibucto Harbour, - - - - 
 
 Office Board nf H^orks, 3\st October 1856. 
 
 <J 
 
 £1,5)30 
 
 8 
 
 <*■> 
 
 . 
 
 i,7;)i 
 
 ♦^ 
 
 ft' 
 
 
 1,41.1 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 yii 
 
 11 
 
 .•{ 
 
 
 71;') 
 
 
 
 (; 
 
 
 400 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 ij 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 » 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 0" 
 
 
 iiO 
 
 
 
 c 
 
 V, 
 
 525 
 
 
 
 
 
 *M 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4U 
 
 5 
 
 II 
 
 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 G- 
 
 
 £ll,;]28 
 
 17 
 
 IP 
 
 ASA COY, Sec']/, 
 
64 
 
 No. 5. 
 
 STATEMENT slicwing the Sums paid for petty repairs 
 on the Great Roads from 7tli February to 31st Oc- 
 tober 185G. 
 
 A. rormack, 
 W. Buck, St. Andrews, 
 Alex, (loodfellow, 
 •lolin Rronk field, 
 Joseph Bifzi^s, Se.i. 
 Alexander Love, 
 William (irefijf, 
 N. Ilubburd, Ksq. 
 
 £'J 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 :> 
 
 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 14 
 
 [i 
 
 f) 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 r, 
 
 
 
 ,S 
 
 !;■) 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 \'J 
 
 G 
 
 ;j 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 £.-17 
 
 Repairing Rennus Bridge. 
 
 On account of Plans, 
 
 Balance dne him. 
 
 Bridge Model. 
 
 Balance due him. 
 i Balance due thenj I8.'>2, 
 ^ under .\ r. Iv Simonds. 
 
 Services connected with 
 Estey Creek Bridge. 
 
 OJfire Jiijind of I fork's, 31 »t October l85(i. 
 
 A!*A COY, .SVf> 
 
 No. 6. 
 
 STATEMENT shewing the amount of TravelHng Ex- 
 penses of the Members of the Board of Works, from 
 7th February to 31st October 18-36. 
 
 Chief Commissioner, from 7tli Feb. to 19tU May, 
 
 including two trips to Hampton Ferry Bridge, - £12 13 1 
 
 Same, trip to Saint John 27tli May, - - 3 12 6 
 Secretary in June, viz: — 
 
 To South Bay Bridge, - - 10s. Od. 
 
 Dredge at Giand Lake, - - lis. 3d. 
 
 Sullivan Creek Bridge, - - 49s. Od. 
 
 The Hon. Surveyor General, in- 
 specting Bridges in the Eastern 
 Counties in October, 
 
 Less— This balance still unpaid, - 
 
 £17 14 
 2 19 
 
 
 I 
 
 3 10 3 
 
 14 14 II 
 £34 10 9 
 
 Office Board qf (Forks, 31rf October 1856. 
 
 ASA COY, Sec'y. 
 
65 
 
 'or petty repairs 
 iiry to 31st Oc- 
 
 ng Ueiioiia Bridge. 
 Dunt »»f Plana. 
 • chip him. 
 Modi'h 
 P thip him. 
 ce due tliem 18.'>2, 
 .\ r. E Simonds. 
 •8 connected witli 
 y^ Creek Bridge. 
 
 ASA COY, Sec'y. 
 
 f Travelling Ex- 
 1 of Works, from 
 
 »y. 
 
 Od. 
 3fl. 
 Od. 
 
 £12 13 I 
 3 12 6 
 
 _ 3 10 3 
 
 
 14 14 U 
 
 £34 10 9 
 
 ASA COY, Sec'if. 
 
 No. 7. 
 
 STATEMENT showing Contingencies paid intheOfiicc 
 of the Board of Works, from 7th February to 31st 
 October 1856. 
 
 Firewood and sawing, .... 
 A Copying Press, 
 
 Making Fires, sweepin" Office, &c. 18 nii tlis to 
 
 3l8t October, 
 
 Stationery, Binding, &c. &c. 
 
 £2 IT) 
 
 4 
 
 18 
 
 10 2 2 
 
 £31 17 2 
 
 Office Board of IForks, 3h< Oclohcr 185C. 
 
 ASA COY, Sv<:'y. 
 
 No. 8. 
 
 STATEMENT shewing t.ic A mount expemUid in work- 
 ing the Dredging Machine, from 7th February to 31st 
 October 1856. 
 
 H. S. Beek, 
 
 B. Chase, 
 
 Sheriff Wolhaupter, 
 
 B. Kenney, 
 
 J. Marsh, 
 
 Mrs. Johnson, 
 
 N. Cameron, 
 
 S. Barker, 
 
 W. Morgan, 
 
 Alexander Mitel:;]!, 
 
 J. Ross, 
 
 Jardine & Co. 
 
 T. L. Simmons, 
 
 D. Scott & Co. 
 
 Hatheway A Small, 
 
 J. M. Brlfker, 
 
 Men's wages. 
 
 Fuel, 
 
 New Scow, 
 
 J. M. Barker, out-fits and other contingencies. 
 
 Advanced to Master to meet current expenses. 
 
 Same to S. Barker, on account, 
 
 Office Board of Works, Z\st October 1856. 
 
 £0 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 .'■) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 20 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 13 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 70 
 
 17 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 13 
 
 7 
 
 53 
 
 19 
 
 3 
 
 150 
 
 
 
 
 
 189 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 254 
 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 77 
 
 
 
 
 
 87 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 113 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 35 
 
 
 
 
 
 £1110 19 
 
 
 
 ASA COY, . 
 
 Sec'y 
 
 
66 
 
 No. 9. 
 
 STATEMENT of Sums paid this year for work done 
 prior to 7th February 1S56, and on account of Claims 
 unsettled nn the 31st October 1856. 
 
 L. R. Coombes, £105 
 
 R. H. Payne, 5 
 
 A. Limerick, 25 00 
 
 Thomas Rutter, 25 
 
 R. Dunn, 15 
 
 W. M. Buck, 110 
 
 A. L. Light, 50 
 
 Claims for labour on Great Roads in Charlotte 
 County, under George Anderson, while Su- 
 pervisor, 75 18 11 
 
 Estate of Bryan M'Quade, for labour under Super- 
 visor Asa Dow, 34 142 
 
 W. E. Perley, Esq. M. P. P., balance due him, - 25 5 
 
 £371 18 1 
 
 Office Board of Works, 31.rt October 1856. 
 
 ASA COY, Sec'y. 
 
 No. 10. 
 
 STATEMENT of Warrants on the Provincial Treasurer 
 in favour of the Board of Works, from 7lh February 
 to 31st October 1856. 
 
 No. 
 
 Amount. 
 
 Service. 
 
 117 
 119 
 120 
 121 
 122 
 123 
 124 
 125 
 126 
 127 
 172 
 
 174 
 
 182 
 
 £100 
 
 1,041 
 
 600 
 
 52 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 30 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 50 
 
 200 
 
 100 
 
 700 
 
 45 
 
 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 9 
 
 18 
 
 4 
 
 17 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Great Roads, Victoria, L. R. Coombes. 
 
 Government Buildings. 
 
 Sullivan Bridge. 
 
 Towing Path, Saint John River. 
 
 Working expenses, Dredge. 
 
 A. L. Light. , 
 
 Travelling expenses, Members of Board. 
 
 OflRce Contingencies. 
 
 Great Roads, petty repairs. 
 
 Rebuilding Bridge, Ransom Brook, Albert. 
 
 Hampton Ferry Bridge. 
 
 South Bay Bridge. 
 
 N. W. Bridge, Miramichi, R. Elutchisou. 
 
 Repairing old Bridge, Musquash. 
 
for work done 
 count of Claims 
 
 £105 
 
 5 
 
 25 
 
 25 
 
 15 
 
 11 
 
 50 
 
 te 
 
 "". 75 18 11 
 
 ''" 34 14 2 
 
 25 5 
 
 i> 
 
 £371 18 J 
 ASA COY, Sec'y. 
 
 Bvincial Treasurer 
 rom 7th February 
 
 ce. 
 
 , L. R- Coonibes. 
 
 lohn River. 
 ►redge. 
 
 Members of Board. 
 
 tansom Brook, Albert. 
 
 ge- 
 
 michi, R. Hutchison. 
 ?, Musquash. 
 
 
 67 
 
 Statement of Warrants. — Continued. 
 
 No. 
 
 A mount. 
 
 Service. 
 
 183 
 
 £150 
 
 
 
 
 
 Missiquash Bridge. 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 Short in Warrant 94 of last year. 
 
 184 
 
 250 
 
 
 
 
 
 Hammond River Bridge. 
 
 
 200 
 
 
 
 
 
 Hampton Ferry Bridge. 
 
 187 
 
 200 
 
 
 
 
 
 New Bridge, Musquash. 
 
 209 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 
 
 Great Roads, by Asa Dow. 
 
 
 150 
 
 
 
 
 
 SnlHvan Bridge. 
 
 216 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 
 
 Great Roads, by J. Robertson. 
 
 222 
 
 6 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 Miscoo Liglit House Building. 
 
 
 25 
 
 
 
 
 
 Great Road, petty repairs. 
 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sullivan Bridge. 
 
 223 
 
 70 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 Government Buildings. 
 
 224 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 
 
 Working expenses, Dredge. 
 
 257 
 
 830 
 
 
 
 
 
 Great Roads, &c. 
 
 279 
 
 1,827 
 
 
 
 
 
 Great Roads. 
 
 288 
 
 25 
 
 
 
 
 
 Great Roads, by J. Robertson. 
 
 342 
 
 3,861 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 Great Roads, &c. 
 
 345 
 
 225 
 
 
 
 
 
 Great Roads. 
 
 383 
 
 175 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 Working expenses, Dredge. 
 
 397 
 
 352 
 
 19 
 
 4 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 398 
 
 574 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 Government Buildings. 
 
 401 
 
 690 
 
 
 
 
 
 Great Roads. 
 
 402 
 
 291 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 Sullivan Bridge. 
 
 418 
 
 184 
 
 14 
 
 2 
 
 New Bridge, Musquash, Great Roads, &c. 
 
 419 
 
 406 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 Miscoe Light House. 
 
 420 
 
 163 
 
 19 
 
 3 
 
 South Bay Bridge, by J. Clark. 
 
 422 
 
 250 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bridges generally, by J. Tomlinson. 
 
 429 
 
 280 
 
 
 
 
 
 Hampton F'erry Bridge. 
 
 430 
 
 500 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sullivan Bridge. 
 
 435 
 
 3,535 
 
 
 
 
 
 Great Roads. 
 
 436 
 
 4,819 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 Do. 
 
 458 
 
 3,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 N. W. Bridge, Miramichi. 
 
 459 
 
 200 
 
 
 
 
 
 Hampton Ferry Bridge. 
 
 476 
 
 1,258 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 Bridges and Great Roads, &c. 
 
 478 
 
 1,276 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 N. W. Bridge, Miramichi. 
 
 483 
 
 2,000 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 Board of Works, general purposes. 
 
 i 
 
 ■31,118 
 
 13 
 
 
 Office Board of Works, Z\st October 1856. 
 
 ASA COY, Scc'y. 
 
68 
 
 's •;, s 
 
 MM 
 
 [I'L 
 
 No. 11. 
 
 STATEMENT shewing the Total Amount expended 
 by the Board of Works, from 7th February to 31st 
 October 1856, as detailed in the foregoing Statements, 
 Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. 
 
 No. 1. Government Buildings, 
 
 2. Late Commissioner of do. 
 
 3. House of Assembly, 
 
 4. Unfinished work, 
 
 5. Great Roads, petty expenses, 
 
 6. Travelling expenses, 
 
 7. Office Contingencies, . 
 
 8. Dredging Machine, 
 
 9. Sundry claims. 
 
 Suras advanced Supervisors, Ap- 
 pendix B, . . . .£14,060 6 n 
 
 Less this sum paid after 31st Oc- 
 tober 1856 440 6 11 
 
 £229 14 3 
 
 104 3 
 
 93 6 
 
 11,328 17 11 
 
 37 6 
 
 34 10 9 
 
 34 17 2 
 
 1,110 19 
 
 , 371 18 1 
 
 Add this sum, part of War. No. 
 435, undrawn from Treasury, 
 
 £13,620 
 400 
 
 Balance due this Department last 
 
 year £1,865 2 3 
 
 Less this sum over-paid James 
 
 Landy in 1855, . . . 1 17 6 
 
 Balance in Central Bank, on deposit, 
 
 14,020 
 
 1,863 4 
 1,940 10 
 
 9 
 4 
 
 Amount received from Provincial 
 
 Treas. per Statement No. 10, £31,118 13 6 
 
 Special Appropriation from Glou- 
 cester Bye Roads, S. Caraquet 
 Bridge 50 
 
 £31,168 13 6 
 
 £31,168 13 6 
 
 Office Board of f^orks, Z\st October 1856. 
 
 ASA COY, Sec'y. 
 
69 
 
 mnt expended 
 bruary to 31st 
 mg Statements, 
 
 £229 14 3 
 104 3 
 93 6 
 
 11,328 17 11 
 
 37 6 
 
 34 10 9 
 
 34 17 2 
 
 l.llO 19 
 
 , '371 18 1 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 
 - 14,020 
 
 3 I 
 
 __ 1,863 4 9 
 1,940 10 4 
 
 
 £31,168 13 6 
 
 
 . £31,168 13 6 
 
 ASA COY, Sec'y. 
 
 n 
 
 C 
 
 o 
 
 ttJ 
 
 o 
 
 < 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 •s 
 
 W 
 
 s 
 
 E- 
 
 « 
 
 13 
 
 ft 
 
 ;§ 
 
 ft 
 
 P-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 «» 
 
 « 
 
 
 Q 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 <J 
 
 
 f» 
 
 
 b: 
 
 o 
 
 Is 
 
 IPSO o occoc-coo o o o -soo ^ ooooo o 
 tot- i^ 3-1 — CO T v; f 11 -^ u CI i- ciMiri » ci -5-< co 
 
 s 
 
 So 
 
 oo o 00000003 >o o o o^o o n^"^""^ 1*^ 
 
 ■n 
 
 in 
 
 O t, 
 
 S3 
 
 fri • • *. ; -n -r tr> T -n* • m i^. . . . . -^ 
 
 •^ 
 M 
 
 S3 
 bo- 
 
 =02 
 
 '":"'' ;-';;-'^^;— =<?inp;-«;r-. — ;;;;-< 
 
 S 
 
 In 
 
 O 
 
 a 
 
 Ill If ^gf .ii.ilHIt . ^ SEIf 
 
 a 
 
 s 
 
 00 0=00 0—30 000000000 00 00 0= 
 OfOOOOOOO-COOOOOOOOCOOOOCOOOOOO 
 
 ■ft «oooooo>i 000 = 00 to ifso^o "'5 000000 >fi in 
 t-— ' in »r^ -T *r) »o CI cm;0 CI *^ iC 1*1^ 
 
 2 
 
 Miles. Bridges. 
 
 M >no5 t^'-'oy: M f ~. X C1C-. t-o o<o wMcociM ciM • •-•■^ci 
 r- n (?< — -1 e< CO o« — « « CI — 
 
 
 •0 i^-i "i" — -.a CI — CO CI X CI CI in — -5 e CO X CI CI CO If. 3> — 'O "J 
 
 (r''-iC4^-^ClCQ'7<OOC4tDC»CIOCOCO«5'^COCO — CO — f^O 
 
 1 
 
 •a 
 
 ■o' 
 
 c 
 
 ,o 
 
 o 
 
 PU 
 
 w 
 o 
 
 B 
 
 1 .-1 ji ^. 1 
 
 oaoilolottM^oHSSoSooSooSsloog 
 
 :: s'ztSr .2.11 6 s s^ 2 s 5 c fc^53t; «•§ 5 fc| fc- 
 .si-.s.ss-s-s-gsiiigiii.iiscisassiisii 
 
 d 
 
 2; 
 
 - — < c 1 CO ■* m <; t - X ci -; - CI CO CO 2 ^ ;5 i:^ J:; 2 2 g j;; g J gS c3 
 
 
 
 
00 
 
 
 
 
 lo in m © CO o o o ou^oioooo o ift s o 
 ci-i- o oo o o o '"'^"'J;2— 2 IS cS '" ■" 
 
 o 
 
 1 
 
 Bridget Cost of | Cost of 
 to build. Bridges.) Roach. 
 
 lO U) >0 '5 O © O O O e 10 o o o »« o o »o o »o 
 
 r-l-l- O *0 C> »fl O O O 04 iO ift O Tl O lO -^tftl^ 
 
 i3 
 
 i 
 
 O O O O O »0 »0 lO 
 
 CO . . . in . lo . o lo . . f?j . CI • • . • t-. 
 
 «•• .(M--. .CO — •■— 
 
 ^3 
 
 CO . . . — . _ . _ ^ , ,^ ..^ . . . ,_ 
 
 o • • • • • 
 
 ^ 
 
 m 
 
 09 
 
 g 
 
 ! 
 
 W.H. Mowat, ("2) 
 
 J. Grimmer, ( 1 ) ? 
 Asa Dow, (4)5 
 J. Grimmer, ( 2 ) 
 Stuart Seelye, ( 2 ) 
 Isaac Gross, > 
 Thos. M'Clelan,(l) S 
 J. A, Reid. 
 
 Thos. M'Clelan,(2) ) 
 John Jordan, (1)5 
 
 Do. ( 2 ) 
 R.S. Matthews,(2) 
 
 Do. (3) 
 J. B. Perkins, 
 Moses Coburn, ( 1 ) 
 John Robertson, 
 George Oulton, 
 Moses Coburn, ( 2 ) > 
 Isaac C. Burpee, 5 
 W. Fitzgerald, 
 Moses Coburn, ( 3 ) 
 John Hagarty, 
 
 i 
 
 s 
 
 C" 
 
 S 
 
 bo 
 
 'w 
 
 03 
 
 — '00000000000000300000000 
 
 ot-. 0000000000000000000000 
 
 cctoo in in oiooooTiOO'O 300000 ift 000 
 ^-roMc03t^ooinic»noc*moo»oinociooo 
 
 5f 
 
 i 
 
 5 
 
 in tn — rf i^ \a -^ axx f — OS Q> ■-iTfomco otoco 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 — 1 rj0 3 oi^xo •* >no — ox inco oo>o <o ^ckn 
 irj — riM — COM — ciii'^o e<oiMC4->)< « ■*— -1 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 No, Name, or Portion of Road. 
 
 Brought forward, 
 Waweig to Saint Stephens, 
 Roix to Oak Bay, 
 Oak Bay to Little Digdeguash. 
 £el River to Little Digdeguash, 
 Dead Water Brook to Saint Stephens, 
 Lower Trout Brook to Magaguadavic, 
 Salisbury to Hopewell Court House, 
 Harvey to Hopewell Court House, 
 Isaac Derry's to Point Wolf, 
 Crooked CreeK to M'Manus's, 
 Loch Lomond to M'Manus's, 
 Saint John to Quaco, 
 Hampton to Bellisle. 
 Sciibner's to Bellisle, 
 Nerepis to Gagetown, 
 Fredericton to Jemseg, 
 Jemseg to Finger Board, 
 Coles Island to Cape Tormentine, 
 Barker's Landing to Queen's County, 
 Through Queen's County, 
 Queen's County Line to Richiburto, 
 Tilley's Landing to Little River, 
 Sussex Vale to Baptist Meeting, 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 a a « ■ 
 
 
71 
 
 I ^1 
 
 «5 
 
 2^ 
 
 - ," 
 
 O [b 
 
 "Ha' - 
 
 ■2 2 
 
 
 so 
 
 2 O 
 
 1 = 
 
 X 
 
 O 
 
 <OC<5 
 
 ei <N 1 2 1 
 "- SI 
 
 S ft) a 
 
 2.>-3 
 
 •r hi,* 
 
 a e » 
 
 : 3^ 3 
 naHM 
 
 
 •I 2 
 
 5". CO 
 
 >o 
 
 Qj 
 
 
 S" 
 
 
 *5 
 
 
 CI 01 »ft CO 
 
 S4 
 
 =a 
 
 — l-^^D 
 
 o »--^:" 
 
 O -* <£> »- tC ffi '^ 
 
 ^ C^ ^ OD ^ '— ^i 
 
 
 O 
 
 -HlfltO — 
 
 o 
 
 -.— °^~' 
 
 CO 
 
 loro -I" 3 
 
 o 
 
 .2- . . . ."-2 
 
 1- 
 
 
 e<5 
 
 t^ 3 S ■« " 
 
 CI 
 
 
 = £ ^ lL ^ 
 
 j: - "" '73 ^ ■ 
 
 •so . „- 
 
 (/> ^ C c4 
 
 ;usi3 ? o 
 
 :S 2ia 0-2J 
 
 ■ « .> 
 
 MO 
 
 -t.3 o-is E-x. 
 
 .5 .! 
 
 iSOc 
 
 « " ^^ 0/ 
 
 3 £2 3 
 
 Slb: ».eoo5-pB.^^.= cq 
 
 -/;o 
 
 = Ste«S(5|^;SooMSz;'pOMSoS<^«^3iOo 
 
 05 
 
 3i«i^OT-i!S^-<-^6<SC!s.<:o,ti-,cjp.JO-.H-.->-.-5- 
 
 p< 
 
 _^o,c'»^«:t-xa.o-3 «222S::r2S3SSiinMMi?n«^ 
 
!. 
 
 i'- ' 
 
 i 1 
 
 hi 
 
 .Appendix ». — NEW BRIDGES built by Supervisors 
 
 Name of Giieat Road. 
 
 Name of Stkkam, &c. 
 
 Extreme 
 Length. 
 
 Spans. 
 No. Length. 
 
 Breadth 
 between 
 handrail. 
 
 St John to Nova Scotia, 
 
 Fox Creek, 
 
 Feet. 
 90 
 
 3 
 
 Feet. 
 20 
 
 Feet. 
 20 
 
 Do. 
 
 Mill Stream, 42 M. from St. John, 
 
 200 
 
 1 
 
 75 
 
 18 
 
 St. John to St. Andrews, 
 
 Popologan, 
 
 160 
 
 1 
 
 36 
 
 16 
 
 llichibucto to Chaihain, 
 
 Big North West Richibucto, 
 
 680 
 
 2 
 
 40 
 
 
 Miramicbi to Pokemuuche, 
 
 Little Tracadie, 
 
 617 
 
 2 
 
 70 
 
 SO 
 
 Bathurst to Belledune, 
 
 Mill Stream, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Belledune to Metis, 
 
 Frith's Brook, 
 
 80 
 
 
 
 
 Do. 
 
 Rorety's Valley, 
 
 229 
 
 
 
 
 Newcastle to Bathurst, 
 
 Douglas Town, 
 
 236 
 
 1 
 
 81 
 
 
 Do. 
 
 Little Escadilic, 
 
 45 
 
 
 
 
 Newcastle to Fredericton, 
 
 Dyer's Brook, 
 
 192 
 
 
 20 
 
 20 
 
 Do. 
 
 White Rapids, 
 
 100 
 
 
 20 
 
 20 
 
 Fredericton to Woodstock, 
 
 Maclauchlan's Creek, 
 
 40 
 
 
 4 
 
 SO 
 
 Do. 
 
 Lee's Creek, 
 
 60 
 
 
 4 
 
 20 
 
 Do. 
 
 School House Bridge, 
 
 60 
 
 
 4 
 
 20 
 
 Do. 
 
 Raspberry Creek, 
 
 30 
 
 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 Woodstock to River DeChute, 
 
 At Widow Shaw's, 
 
 90 
 
 1 
 
 20 
 
 22 
 
 lliver DeChute to Grand Falls, 
 
 Lynch Farm, Andover, 
 
 68 
 
 
 17 
 
 22 
 
 Do. 
 
 Wark's Mill Stream, 
 
 160 
 
 
 60 
 
 22 
 
 Grand Falls to Canada Line, 
 
 Madawaska Little Falls, 
 
 220 
 
 
 85 
 
 SO 
 
 Little Falls to St. Francis, 
 
 Firman Cyr's Brook. 
 
 120 
 
 
 
 SO 
 
 Do. 
 
 Oliver M'Lean's, 
 
 130 
 
 
 
 
 Grand Falls to American Line, 
 
 Deep Gully, Grand Falls, 
 
 76 
 
 2 
 
 16 
 
 22 
 
 Fredericton to St. /Andrews, 
 
 Waweig, 
 
 80 
 
 1 
 
 30 
 
 19' 6" 
 
 Waweig to St. Stephens, 
 
 Waweig, at Oak Bay, 
 
 600 
 
 
 
 
 Oak Bay to Eel River. 
 
 Little Digdeguash, 
 
 200 
 
 1 
 
 24 
 
 16 
 
 Trout Brook to Magaguadavic, 
 
 Linton Stream, 
 
 147 
 
 4 
 
 18 
 
 17 
 
 Hopewell to Harvey, 
 
 Turtle Creek, 
 
 120 
 
 1 
 
 40 
 
 IB 
 
 Isaac Derry's to Point Wolf, 
 
 Anderson'* Hollow, 
 
 200 
 
 10 
 
 20 
 
 19 
 
 St. John to Crooked Creek, 
 
 Beard's Stream, 
 
 260 
 
 1 
 
 30 
 
 18 
 
 St. John to Cluaco, 
 
 Gardner's Creek, 
 
 66 
 
 
 
 
 Jemseg to Finger Board, 
 
 Foster'! Mill Stream, 
 
 70 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 
 Fredericton to Kent County Line, 
 
 Burpee'i Mill Stream, 
 
 150 
 
 1 
 
 35 
 
 SO 
 
lilt by Supervisors 
 
 during 1856, with principal Dimensions and '^^aterials. 
 
 BpJins. Breadth I 
 reme between ■ 
 nnih No. T.enirth. Handrail. | 
 
 MATKlUAr.S 
 
 USED. 
 
 Ccist, 
 '.\cliisivi' of 
 Ciiiuinis'n. 
 
 r>L"s(uii'Tf(i\ 
 
 Abutmpiits. 
 
 .Strinj^ora. 
 
 KlooriiiR Hiiiidrails 
 
 MJ tj ~t. IVl 1 1 lU .1 t 
 
 eet. 
 
 90 3 
 
 Feet. I 
 20 
 
 'eet. 1 
 20 1 
 
 Spruce, 
 
 Pine, 
 
 Spruce, 
 
 Pine, 
 
 ,t'j6 10 n 
 
 Solid abutnieiilit, framed bciin. 
 
 00 1 
 
 75 
 
 u 1 
 
 Hacmatac, 
 
 Do. 
 
 Pine, 
 
 Do. 
 
 256 U C 
 
 (iueen post truss. 
 
 60 1 
 
 36 
 
 .. 1 
 
 Pine, 
 
 Do. 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 
 135 
 
 Spriny atritii^'iT oil each side. 
 
 320 8 
 
 1 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 
 533 
 
 I'art built in 184.'). 
 
 617 2 
 
 70 20 1 
 
 Do. 
 
 Pine, 
 
 Pine, 
 
 Do. 
 
 813 14 8 
 
 
 80 
 
 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 35 
 
 
 229 
 
 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 40 
 
 
 236 1 
 
 61 
 
 
 Fine, 
 
 Pine, 
 
 
 
 280 
 
 Clueen post tru«s. 
 
 45 
 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 
 
 35 
 
 
 192 I 
 
 20 20 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 
 115 
 
 
 100 1 
 
 20 SO 
 
 Cedar & Hemlock 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 
 119 15 
 
 
 40 1 
 
 t 4 20 
 
 Stone, 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 Gravel, 
 
 Pinp, 
 
 33 
 
 
 60 
 
 1 * 
 
 so 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 59 
 
 
 60 
 
 1 ■* 
 
 20 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 35 
 
 
 30 
 
 1 * 
 
 24 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 None needed 
 
 25 
 
 
 90 
 
 1 20 
 
 22 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 Do. 
 
 Spruce, 
 
 Pine, 
 
 27 10 
 
 
 68 
 
 4 17 
 
 22 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 25 
 
 
 160 
 
 1 60 
 
 22 
 
 Do. 
 
 Pine, 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 148 10 6 
 
 tlueen post truss. 
 
 220 
 
 I 85 
 
 80 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 191 
 
 Do. do. not finished 
 
 120 
 
 
 SO 
 
 Pine, 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 
 62 5 9 
 
 
 130 
 
 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 
 41 
 
 
 76 
 
 2 16 
 
 22 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Spruce, 
 
 Do. 
 
 39 
 
 
 80 
 
 1 30 
 
 19' 6" 
 
 Granite, 
 
 Pine, 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 Do. 
 
 76 
 
 
 600 
 
 
 
 I Granite, ]> 
 1 Hemlock, $ 
 
 Do. 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 Do. 
 
 336 
 
 
 200 
 
 1 84 ^'^ 1 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 Do. 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 
 99 10 
 
 
 147 
 
 4 18 17 1 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 Do. 
 
 Hemlock. 
 
 Spruce, 
 
 59 
 
 
 120 1 1 " 
 
 16 ■ 
 
 Pitch Fine, 
 
 Pitch Pine, 
 
 Spruce, 
 
 
 49 
 
 
 200 
 
 10 20 
 
 19 1 
 
 Spruce, 
 
 Spruce, 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 79 
 
 
 360 
 
 1 30 
 
 18 1 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 Pine, 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 Cedar, 
 
 208 
 
 2 framed bents in span. 
 
 66 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 '' 
 
 
 
 85 
 
 
 70 
 
 1 e 
 
 1 
 
 Pine, 
 
 Tamarack, 
 
 Tamarack 
 
 
 25 
 
 
 150 
 
 1 3J 
 
 80 1 
 
 Hemlock, 
 
 Pine, 
 
 
 
 44 
 
 King poat. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
I 
 
 
 ( ,! 
 
 i 
 
 REPORT from J. A. Maclauclilati, Esq., on the Improve* 
 ment of the Navigation of the River Saint John. 
 
 Kiiigswoodf December 4, 1856. 
 
 Sir, — I beg leave to inform you tliat the public work under 
 my personal superintendence, for the improvement of the 
 navigation between Fredericton and the Grand Falls, was 
 closed towards the end of October ; also, the Account of 
 Expenditure forwarded to the Auditor General ; and [ have 
 now the honor to submit this my fourth Annual Report, for 
 the information of the Board of Works. - 
 
 With a view to the completion of the improvements in 
 the lliver above Woodstock, I left the Meductic Falls in 
 June with my party for the Grand Falls, intending to confine 
 my operations through the season between that and Kelly's 
 Rapid, 16 miles below the entrance of the Tobique River ; 
 but, I regret to say, after progressing with the work at Kelly's 
 and one of the ledges in the Tobique Rapid, together with the 
 conq)letion of the White, DeFemme, and Black Rapids, and 
 leaving only Watson's and Little River Rapids to finish the 
 improvements as far down as the Restook River, I was then 
 obliged, in consequence of the very unusual high freshet in 
 August of nearly nine feet, to leave that section of the River, 
 and to give my attention during the remainder of the season 
 between Woodstock and the Meductic Falls ; when I eflfected 
 the completion of Belts' Rapid, the removal of Watson's or 
 Nay's Rocks, 7 miles below Woodstock, so destructive to 
 rafts passing down the River, and also finishing the upper 
 approaches to the Meductic Falls, that is, at Ingraham's and 
 Brown's Points, where from the contraction of the River to 
 within 500 feet, occasioned a very heavy swell, and made it 
 both difficult and dangerous for Steamers and other boats, &c., 
 to pass previous to any of the obstructions being removed. 
 
 In order to afford information to the Captains of Steamers 
 and other persons, touching the available depth of water in the 
 several Rapids, I have come to the conclusion, as the obstruc- 
 
75 
 
 )n the Improve- 
 ^aint John. 
 ember 4, 1856. 
 ublic work under 
 rovement of the 
 rand Falls, was 
 the Account of 
 eral ; and I have 
 nual Report, for 
 
 improvements in 
 [eductic Falls in 
 tending to confine 
 
 that and Kelly's 
 
 Tobique River ; 
 le work at Kelly's 
 
 together with the 
 JIack Rapids, and 
 apids to finish ihe 
 River, I was then 
 inl high freshet in 
 sction of the River, 
 nder of the season 
 s ; when I effected 
 v&\ of Watson's or 
 
 so destructive to 
 inishing the upper 
 at Ingraham's and 
 [on of the River to 
 swell, and made it 
 nd other boats, &c., 
 being removed, 
 iptains of Steamers 
 epth of water in the 
 3ion, as the obstruc- 
 
 tions are removed, to luivc a rock paintod white in ciiili (»f 
 them, and shewing the number of foot by !i')cs iind futures in 
 black. One of these is now observable at tiic licnd of the 
 White Rapids, on the left bank or right ascfnuling siih; of tiie 
 River. However, in giving this information, I wish it to be 
 understood that those Beacons arc not placed with an intention 
 of shewing any uniform depth of water in the nmin River, but 
 confined altogether to the Rapids; because, the attention I 
 have given to the rise and fall of the River during the last 
 four years, has fully satisfied nic that no unit'orni deplli of 
 water can be depended upon after the Spring freshet, and 
 which may be attributed to two causes ; first, wlien the ris(! 
 is from the head of the River or above the Grand Falls, as 
 was the case this season, and the tributaries below it dis- 
 charging little or no water, conse(iuenlly from the great con- 
 traction of the River, at least one third, from the Grand Fulls 
 down for some miles must result in a sudden rise, and remain 
 high when the lower part of the Saint John would be com- 
 paratively low. Then again, if the freshet is alto;,nnher 
 occasioned by the tributaries some miles below the Grand 
 Falls, that section of the River would be high, when the upper 
 or contracted portion of it, in all probability, would he low. 
 
 In fact, I have frequently observed through the Summer 
 season the tributaries from both banks of the River, and only 
 within a few miles of each other, the one discharging a heavy 
 flood of water, and the other nothing more than the ordinary 
 Summer quantity, so that I conceive it almost imjjossible to 
 expect any uniform depth of water in the main River, unless 
 during the Spring freshet, when from rain and the melting of 
 snow and ice, the tributarie then contribute equally to keep up 
 a uniform depth in the main ^iver, at least for a tew weeks. 
 
 For the purpose of showing the direction and centre of the 
 opening or cut through the Bellevisor Bar, 4 miles above 
 the Meductic Falls, I have placed a large cedar post, painted 
 white, on each bank of the River. 
 
 This season I have completed two Towing Paths of three 
 quarters of a mile each, and eight feet in width on the right 
 
76 
 
 K 
 
 Ml 
 
 ascuiiiliii<; side of the River ; one in the vicinity of Eel River, 
 to cniilile the Tow Bouts to pnss the extensive ledges at 
 David Phillips' ; the other at the Governor's Table Rock, so 
 called, two miles above tlio Mcductic Falls. 
 
 The blasting operations this year have taken over 800 lbs. 
 of powder, with about the same number of tin tubes used under 
 water, from throe quarters of an inch to an inch in diameter, 
 and frum four inches to a foot in length ; also a quantity of 
 fuse, and about ten thousand steel drills sharpened ; but much 
 more powder, &c. would have been expended, only that the 
 use of broad steel chisels with the aid of sledges were found to 
 expedite the work much more rapidly above and below water, 
 upon some of the ledges, than by blasting. 
 
 As I have not thought it necessary in this Report to enter 
 into detail of the improvements cfTected in the navigation during 
 the [U'eccding years, I have attached a Map of the River shew- 
 ing the position of all the obstructions removed by me since 
 August 1853. 
 
 The Boats, Scows, &c. &c., with tools and other stores, are 
 as heretofore left in charge of T. C. Atherton, Esquire, at the 
 Meductic Falls. 
 
 Having enumerated the several works progressed with this 
 season, I wish to advert to some of the remaining obstrutiions 
 in the River, and to conclude this Report with a few general 
 remarks. 
 
 The only Rapids requiring attention above Woodstock are 
 Watson's, Little River, Tobique, Muinic, Guisiquits, and 
 Kelly's, which in my opinion can be finished next season, 
 provided the River is not too high for carrying on the works to 
 advantage. Then all that remains of the rocky obstructions 
 below Woo., 'ock, are from Eel River to the Nackawickac, 
 including the Meductic Falls, which requires a straight channel 
 made through them for the safe passage of Steamers when the 
 River is below a quarter freshet ; but this \vork cannot be 
 progressed with unless the water is extremely low, owing to 
 the rapid and agitated current, which make it both difficult 
 and dangerous for blasting operations. 
 
y of Eel River, 
 jsive ledges at 
 Table Rock, so 
 
 en over 800 llis. 
 ubes used under 
 nch in diameter, 
 so a quantity of 
 encd ; but much 
 cd, only that the 
 es were found to 
 ind below water, 
 
 Report to enter 
 navigation during 
 f the River shew- 
 oved by mc since 
 
 1 other stores, are 
 n, Esquire, at the 
 
 osressed with this 
 lining obstructions 
 vith a few general 
 
 /e Woodstock are 
 ;, Guisiquits, and 
 shed next season, 
 ing on the works to 
 rocky obstructions 
 the Nackawickac, 
 3 a straight channel 
 Steamers when the 
 is \vork cannot be 
 mely low, owing to 
 ike it both difficult 
 
 77 
 
 In nil my Annniil Reports 1 rccoinnioiKlcil the use f»f a Siivwr; 
 Dredging Mncliinn ii- hciii;; Uic must spcciiy and t'Cdiiomicnl 
 procoss of opening tlio Rars finin rrnlprictdti upwards; and 
 I ha<l entertained i\ hope that tiiu I^iat Kailt Ity (iovcitimcnt 
 last year, cordd have been employed oti lliat service, Imt I am 
 now satisfied from its model and diaiiglit of water, (upwards ulT) 
 feet), it cannot he used to any advanla<^e ; arid therefore I (ear 
 that the Rars must still continue to lie improved in iJu; sauie 
 manner I opened the Relievisor and Knapp's, by men and liorse- 
 tcams, with the aid of scrapcrn, wliicli is a most lal)orioiis and 
 at the same time tedious method of operatiti<.>- upon tliem. 
 
 Anxious to obtain correct information willi respect to llie 
 trips made by Steamers and Tow iJoats dinin^r t||i> season, 
 together with the number of pa?seM^M;rs and «piantity of frci^'lit 
 taken to the upper Saint John, 1 am now enabled to stale, 
 through the kind assistance of Mr, John T. Allen, Steamhoat 
 Agent at Woodstock, and Mr. Dowliny the Wharfinger at 
 Fredericton, that the Steamers commenced rnnnin<5 this year 
 the last week in April, that is, the Richmond, Reindeer, 
 Bonnie Doon, and Pierce, but unfortunately the latter when 
 making her third trip to Woodstock was totally destroyed hy 
 the bursting of her boiler, which causeil the loss of several 
 lives and some freight. These Steamers, from the low slate 
 of the River, were prevented from running after the 2'2ni\ of 
 June, a month earlier than last year, hut made a few trips 
 between the 8th of July and 22nd of August, and again between 
 the 26th of September and 15th of October ; during which time 
 no Boat made over 28 trips from Fredericton, and the number 
 of passengers conveyed by them was over 4,00!), with about 
 10,000 barrels bulk of provisions and goods. 
 
 The Tow Boats made 264 trips from Fredericton this sea- 
 son, and conveyed to Woodstock, To!)i(pie, and the Grand 
 Falls, over 34,000 barrels bulk of provisions and f,'oods, 15,000 
 of which was taken up by them after the Steamers stopped 
 running, between the 15th of October and the 15th of Novem- 
 ber, when the navigation closed. 
 
 Having in my Report of 1853 particularly alluded to the 
 
78 
 
 Tow Donts, I iiiiiHt agiiin hvg to repeat whnt I then Rnid on that 
 subject, to show the necessity of carryin;ij out my propositionii 
 in ovder to fiicililiite their trips to the upper Suint John ; nnd I 
 would now only nsU, what would hnvo lieen the situation of the 
 inhabitants in tliiit section of the Province, that is, the Counties 
 of Victoria, Carlcton, nnd the upper part of York, had the 
 34,000 liurrels of supplies, taken up l)y these Boats, remained 
 in the Storrhi)uses in Fredcricton for want of conveyance? 
 
 " Frotii my constant intercourse through the season with 
 persons in cliar're of Tow Doats, I have been enabled to 
 nscertaiii with some degree of accuracy, the number employed 
 in the trani-it of provisions nnd goods between Fredericton and 
 the uppor Siiint John. These Boats number about fifty, and 
 generally make from ten to twelve trips during the season, 
 with an nv<Mage load of one hundred and ten to one hundred 
 and twenty barrels allowing two hundred and thirty pounds 
 weight for each barrel, which shows that upwards of forty 
 thousand barrels, exclusive of the largo quantity conveyed by 
 the nutneroufl Steamers, have left Fredericton this year for 
 Woodstock, Tobiquc, and the Grand Falls, nnd during a sea- 
 son when Steiimcrs were prevented from running in conse- 
 quence of the low state of the River. I therefore think that 
 every facility should be given to these Boats by making a 
 sufficient '• Towing Falh" at the diflerent Rapids; as it may 
 bo found after the principal obstructions in the River are 
 removed, and unless there is a very different description of 
 Steamers to those at present on the River, that *' Tow Boats" 
 arc best adapted for the Saint John above Fredericton during 
 the Summer months, or in low water ; and more particularly 
 as their model within the last two years has been so much 
 improved ns to enable them to carry a much larger and 
 heavier load than formerly, with the same number of horses, 
 (two), and making their trips in a less time." 
 
 The loss to the Steamers this Fall of the carrying trade to 
 the upper Saint John, between 30 and 40,000 barrels bulk, 
 exclusive of passengers, but including 6,000 barrels still 
 remaining in Fredericton for want of conveyance, will, I hope, 
 
 m i 
 
79 
 
 then said on that 
 iny propositions 
 lint John; nnd 1 
 fi situution of the 
 It is, the Counties 
 f York, had the 
 Boats, remained 
 'conveyance? 
 the season with 
 been enabled to 
 number employed 
 n Frcdericton and 
 r about fifty, and 
 uring the season, 
 n to one hundred 
 ind thirty pounda 
 upwards of forty 
 intity conveyed by 
 :ton this year for 
 and during a sea- 
 running in conse- 
 icrefore think that 
 loats by making a 
 Rapids; as it may 
 in the River are 
 rent description of 
 that "Tow Boats" 
 Fredericton during 
 d more particularly 
 has been so much 
 much larger and 
 3 number of horses, 
 e." 
 
 he carrying trade to 
 
 10,000 barrels bulk, 
 
 6,000 barrels still 
 
 cyance, will, I hope, 
 
 
 convince the proprietors of tlirso Boats that llicy nrr not 
 adapted to the Rivor iilmvc Frodc lictoii cvrciilid;; «liirin;; ihr 
 freshet, owing to their great (lraiij,'lit of wnfiM-, from tlncc to 
 four feet, when in my opinion no Stfiunrr should fxcjMMJ thirty 
 inches to run to VVoodstork, find two fret to tlic; (jrand rnll.M. 
 and a lessor drauglit would he dcsiralilc, as it n)i<>ht in all 
 probability insure to the public tlu; ;,'rfat accoinniodation of 
 Steamers plying regularly through tlii! season. 
 
 From information I have obtained respecting the Steamers 
 on the Alleghany River, in tlio United Slates, I shoidd say their 
 model or description of Boat has many advantages over onrs. 
 
 The fall or descent of this River is 7ll8 feet in 1274 miles, 
 double the descent of the Saint John between Frederict'in and 
 the Grand Falls, nnd has niimerous short crooks or o.\-liows, 
 so called. The Steamers are aboat l<K) feet in length. 17 to 
 J8 feet breadth of beam, fiS feet depth of hold, has side paddies, 
 and also provided with a witecd at the stern, and tloal nearly 
 equal to the breadth of the boat ; also two working j-ylinders 
 of II J inches diameter. Those Boats carry or low sixty tons, 
 and have carried 80 passengers, and 3;)) bashels of coals as a 
 cargo, and the draught not exceeding 3 ' inches. 
 
 The mania for Railroads at the present day anf>>rlimately 
 appears to lead too great a proportion of the public in this 
 Province to suppose that all water communication will very 
 shortly be superseded by these Roads, and this opinion I am 
 sorry to say, I have heard from persons whom I supposed were 
 better informed with the geography of this Province, even if 
 too indifterent to travel through it. But F woald ask any 
 reasonable person to |)Iace before him a Map of this Coaniry, 
 and follow the course of the magnificent River Saint John 
 from its gr..at emporium, the City, to the head of Fiak(; Temis- 
 couta, a distance of 300 miles, and within 30 miles of the Gidf 
 of Saint Lawrence, nnd say that such a water conuDunicalion, 
 with its numerous inhabitants settled along its banks, can ever 
 be superseded by any Railroad. I think never ! and I will 
 now go further to shew what a trifling expenditure of the 
 public funds would he required to open the upper part of this 
 communication for Steamers. 
 
80 
 
 I ' 
 
 The obstructions in the Saint John from the Grand Palls to 
 th(; entrance of the Little Madawaska, or Little Falls, so called, 
 distant 36 miles, are very trifling, and will not require over 
 £3,000 to remove them. Then at the Little Falls of the 
 Madawaska, where a dam of two or three hundred feet in 
 length, and from eight to ten feet in height, with one or two 
 locks to enter the River from the Saint John, will in all proba- 
 bility cost j£8,000 ; and again, to make the Little Madawaska 
 navigable to the entrance or outlet of Lake Tamiscouta, a 
 distance of i2G miles, about £1,000, when no further expendi- 
 ture would be net.;!ssary, as the general depth of the Lake, 
 which is about 30 miles in length and from half a mile to a 
 mile and a half in width, is ox'er fifty feet ; and I have been 
 told by persons resident there, that in some parts of it no 
 soundings have been found at 200 feet. 
 
 It therefore appears that j£ 12,000 would be suflicient to open 
 this communication for Steamers to run regularly between the 
 Grand Falls and the head of Lake Tamiscouta, a distance of 
 92 miles ; and which expenditure would not only facilitate the 
 settlement of that section of the Province, but rapidly improve 
 the Towns of Colbrooke, Grand Falls, and Edmundston at 
 the confluence of the Little Madawaska River. 
 
 In conclusion, I beg to state, that persons in charge of Tow 
 Boats have informed me, that the improvements made in the 
 navigation during the last four years, has enabled these Boats 
 to increase their loads from ten to twenty five barrels, and also 
 shortened the time of their trips between Fredericton and 
 Woodstock nearly two days, and from that to the Grand Falls 
 over a day, without any additional team of horses. 
 I have the honor to be, Sir, 
 
 Your most obedient servant, 
 
 J. A. Maclauchlan, 
 
 Commissioner /or improving Navigation 
 of River Saint John. 
 The Hon. Cliarles Maepheraon, 
 Chief Commiisioner of Public Worka, 
 
 i. 
 
:he Grand Falls to 
 tic Falls, so called, 
 I not require over 
 attle Falls of the 
 e hundred feet in 
 t, with one or two 
 1, will in all proba- 
 Little Madawaska 
 ke Tamiscouta, a 
 lo further expcndi- 
 epth of the Lake, 
 n half a mile to a 
 ; and I have been 
 me parts of it no 
 
 be sufficient to open 
 gularly between the 
 ;outa, a distance of 
 )t only facilitate the 
 but rapidly improve 
 nd Edmnndston at 
 iver. 
 
 IS in charge of Tow 
 sments made in the 
 enabled these Boats 
 ive barrels, and also 
 ;n Fredericton and 
 t to the Grand Falls 
 r horses. 
 
 rvant, 
 
 Waclauchlan, 
 
 for improving Navigation 
 iver Sainl John. 
 
 81 
 
 Apiieiidlx F. 
 
 Supplementary Report on the Bridge over the Missi- 
 quasb, between Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. 
 
 Since the date of the Report on the Missiquasli Bridge, page 
 41, the whole of the Accounts have been audited and passed, 
 and some additional claims have been examined and paid. 
 The annexed Statement contains the final Report from the 
 Audit Office :— 
 
 Paid H. Gallagher, Contractor, 
 
 Do. for repairing old Bridge, 
 Chief Commissioner's travellinjr ex- 
 penses in 1855, ... 
 
 S. C. Charters, Supervisor, 
 Alex. Light, Engineering, Plans, &c. 
 
 Of which, due from Nova Scotia, 
 Leaves cost to this Province of - - 
 
 je983 8 
 
 5 
 
 8 5 
 
 68 8 
 
 30 10 
 
 jei,095 11 
 
 547 15 6 
 
 JE547 15 6 
 
 C. MACPHERSON, 
 
 Ch ief Com in issiouer. 
 
 Office Board of Works, 10/7* February 1857. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Accounts for 1856, .. 
 
 Bridge.— Haimnond River, .. 
 Hamptoa Ferry, 
 Littlfc Tracadie, 
 Missiquash, 
 Musqnash, 
 
 North West Miramichi, 
 Oromocto, .. ., ,, 
 
 Soath Bay, 
 Sullivan's Creek, 
 Tabnsintac, 
 Tatitamar, 
 Waweig, 
 Bridges built by Board of Works, 
 " Supervisors, 
 Cost of, generally, throughout the Province, 
 Length of do. do. 
 
 ^ Annual repairs fc, do. 
 
 Advantages of perrrisnent work. 
 Culverts and earthen 3i.;bankments, 
 Durability if sione, ... 
 Granite abutments. .. .. 
 
 Wrought Iron giYc1«rs, 
 Spruce and othtjj flooring, 
 Dredging Machine^ 
 Estimates for each Iload for ] 857, 
 
 for Road service generally, . . 
 •Great Roads and Bridges.— General Observations, 
 
 General Estimates, .. 
 Separate Estimates, 
 Supervisorshij), 
 
 Light Houses.— Grindstone Island, 
 Miscoe, 
 
 Oromocto Shoals, . . 
 Public Buildings, .. 
 
 Public Wharves— Low Water, at Saint Andrews, 
 Tilley's Landing, ,» 
 
 Riobibacto Harbour, . . . . . . 
 
 CI -68 
 
 43 
 42 
 14 
 
 41, 81 
 43 
 43 
 44 
 42 
 
 40, 48 
 
 15 
 
 11 
 
 27 
 
 40—44 
 
 72, 73 
 45 
 45 
 4f; 
 49 
 48 
 49 
 
 47 
 51 
 50 
 53, 65 
 69, 70 
 40 
 
 4 
 
 40 
 
 69, 70 
 
 5 
 
 R6 
 
 55 
 
 54 
 
 57,61 
 
 58 
 
 59 
 
!* 
 
 f% 
 
 Koads. — Barkers Landing to Kent County Line, 
 Bathnriit to Belledune, .. 
 
 •• Pokeinouche, .. 
 
 " Tabufintac, .. 
 
 Belledune to Metis, 
 Bend to Shediac, . . . . 
 
 Buttermilk Creek to American Line, 
 Cole's Island to Cape Torraentine, 
 Crooked Creek to M'Manus', 
 Dead Water Brook to St. Stephens, 
 DeChute to Grand Falls, 
 Dorchester to Shediac, . . 
 
 Eel River to Digdeguash, 
 Fredericton to Jemseg, 
 
 Kent County Line, 
 
 " Neweastl*, .. 
 
 «' Richihucto, 
 
 " St. Andrews, .. 
 
 " St. John, 
 
 *• Woodstock, .. 
 
 Grand Falls to St. Francis, ,. 
 
 " Canada Line, 
 
 Hampton to Bellisle, .. 
 
 Harvey to Hopewell, .. 
 
 Hayward's Mills to Nova Scotia Line, 
 Isaac Derry s to Point Wolf, 
 Jemseg to Finger Board, .. 
 
 Kent County Line to Richihucto, 
 Little Falls to Canada Line, .. 
 
 " St. Francis, 
 
 Loch Lomond to At'Manus', 
 Lower Trnut Brook to Magaguadavic, 
 Miramichi to Pokcmouche, .. 
 Nerepis to Gagetown, .. 
 
 Newcastle to Bathurgt, . . 
 
 Newcastle to Fredericton, .. 
 
 " Tabusintac, 
 
 Oak Bay to Little Digdeguash, 
 
 " Eel River, 
 
 Pickard's Store to American Line, 
 Pokemouciie to Bathurst, .. 
 Queen's Cpjnty Line to Richihucto, 
 Richihucto to Chatham, . . 
 
 "River UeCluite to Grand Falls, 
 Roix to Oak Bay, .. 
 Salisbury to Harvey, .. 
 
 37, 70 
 
 17. fi9 
 
 16, fi9 
 
 18, 69 
 
 17, 69 
 12. 69 
 2.5, 69 
 ^e, 70 
 
 70 
 29, 70 
 23, 69 
 12, 69 
 29, 70 
 35. 70 
 37, 70 
 .. 19, 69 
 .. 37, 70 
 .. 26, 69 
 .. 20, 69 
 .. 21, 69 
 .. :5, 69 
 .. 24, 69 
 .. 34. 70 
 70, 
 .. 10, 69' 
 .. 31, 70 
 .. 35, 70 
 ,. 38, 70 
 69 
 . . 24, 69 
 . . 33, 70 
 .. 30, 70 
 .. 14, 69 
 .. 35, 70 
 ... IS, 69 
 .. 19, 69 
 69 
 .. 28, 70 
 ..8,28,70 
 .. 25, 69 
 69 
 70 
 .. 13, 69 
 .. 23.69 
 .. 28,70 
 .. 31,70 
 
• * 
 
 
 37, 70 
 
 17, 69 
 
 16, 69 
 
 18, 69 
 
 17, 69 
 12. 69 
 25, 69 
 36, 70 
 
 70 
 29, 70 
 , 23, 69 
 . 12. 69 
 . 29. 70 
 . 35. 7" 
 . 37, 70 
 . 19. 69 
 . 37, 70 
 . 26, 69 
 . 20, 69 
 ,. 21, 69 
 .. :5. 69 
 .. 24, 69 
 ... 34. 70 
 
 .. 10, 69 
 .. 31.70 
 .. 35, 70 
 . - 38, 70 
 69 
 .. 24,69 
 .. 33, 7« 
 .. 30, 70 
 .. 14, 69 
 .. 35, 70 
 ... 18,69 
 .. 19, 69 
 69 
 .. 28, 70 
 ..8,28,70 
 .. 25, 69 
 69 
 70 
 .. 13,69 
 .. 23. 69 
 .. 28, 70 
 .. 31,70 
 
 R oaJ s — 0>ntin ued. 
 
 Scribntr's to Belli-le, 
 Shediac to Dorchester, 
 " Ricliibucto, 
 St. Andrew? to Magngundaviu, 
 St. .lohii to Crooked Creek, County Albe 
 " fiovernment House. Nerepi;<. 
 
 *« Iluyward's Mills, 
 
 •* Nova Scotia Line, 
 
 '• Quac'o, . .. . 
 
 " St. Andrews, 
 
 Sussex Vale to Baptist Meeting llou^e, I 
 Tiiley's Landing to Little River Mills, 
 Waweig to St. Stephens, .. 
 
 Woodstock to Auieriran Line, 
 River DeChute, 
 Saiut John River Imj-rovenients, 
 
 Col. Alaelaichlan's Report on ditto, 
 
 Supervisors fur 1856. .. .. 
 
 reinuuerution, 
 over and under expeniiitiire for i85f). 
 
 Warrants fr^ra Treasury, 
 
 rt, 
 
 'phaiM, 
 
 in. 
 
 ;!4. 
 
 7" 
 
 12. 
 
 1 •> 
 
 (ill 
 
 ■27, 
 
 6!l 
 
 32, 
 
 7<i 
 
 
 1 !(t 
 
 
 711 
 
 11, 
 
 (■.!» 
 
 3!>, 
 
 7" 
 
 3!', 
 
 7(1 
 
 0- 
 
 - 1 ^ 
 
 7" 
 
 20, 
 
 (III 
 (ill 
 
 7^- 
 
 -Sil 
 
 (I'.i. 
 
 71' 
 
 
 71 
 
 or.