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Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmds d des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film6 d partir de Tangle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessalre. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ' I THE REV. OLIVER ARNOLD, , FIRST RFXTOR OF SUSSEX, N. B., WITH Some Account of His Life, His Parish, and His Successors, AND THE OLD INDIAN COLLEGE. BY LKONARD ALLISON, B. A., lURHlSTKK, &v., .SUSSEX, N. B. WITH ILLUSTRATIONS FROM PHOTOGRAPHS BY THE AUTHOR. SAINT JOHN, N. n. : THE SUN PRINTING CO., (LTD.) CANTERBURY STREET. 1892. A 5X5620 cop. 2. •»► « J^C/au^v' - i02r>t^c.J^ 6^^^Se«»-^fe THE REV. OLIVER ARNOLD, "^ FIRST RFXTOR OF SUSSFX, N. R., WITH Sortie Account of His Life, His Parish, and His Successors, AND TlIK OLD INDIAN COLLEGE. BY LEONARD ALLISON, B. A., BAlililSTIili, &c., SUSSEX, N. li. WITH ILLUSTRATIONS FROM PHOTOGRAPHS BY THE AUTHOR. Entered according to Act of the Parliament of Canada, in the year 1892, by Leonard Allison, B. A., at tho Department of Agriculture," SAINT JOHN, N. H. : THE SUN riilNTING CO., (LTD.) CANTElilJUKY STUEET. A S X ^ C„ Si. (D ^H03Z r REV. OLIVER ARNOLD. REV. OLIVER ARNOLD, The First Rector of The Parish of Sussex, with Some Account of His Life, Hi.s Successors, &c. BY LEONAHI) ALLISON, W. A., Sl'SSKX, N. n. No excuse need in these days be ciTered for the study ot history. In »ll a^rs of the utorld ard in all drpuriiiK d*b of hiiniBD /^c- tiviiy einie liijowledge of the past has proved rt (juisite to a correct HpiJrthtDvion and full phical, Livy with his "pictured pHge," Tacitus with his teree and thrilling taler, Ciibbon the great, and Macaulay the many-sided have thus secured fume that ehall peribh only with the languugis in which they wrote. The hiBtorical picture, however, like any other, rujuires both proportion and per- spective, und background as well as fore- ground. In some degree the importance of an event varies directly with the length of time since it occurred. The happenings of yofiteiday are no less history than those of a hundred years ago; but we cannot always get up high enough above the bustle and routine of every day life to estimate aright the relative value of things, or distinguish the wholly transient from the comparativelv eternal. The fellow fooling on the fence sees straighter sometimes than the farmer following the furrow. Thus is it that the greatest writers have rarely been the first delvers in their particular field. Cienerai- iziition and -nalysia and philosophical de- duction imply facts and premises, to gather and arrange which is the humbler office of the oft-forgotten toiler. But though the time has not yet coine for writirg a histniy t>i Sumix, or peihspi of this liiivinie; wlile it is not pi op« Sid to trace, much I«bb j hilo»of:hize upi n, the (uuMs (f the American revolu- ti( n, or to assign the < xact pr(>poriiopfl in which a f* w sh( rlt^ighttd old men in Kng- lindandaftw hoiheuded yturg men in Aniericawero re»|ieclively responsible for that event of far-reuchirg Bcd daily in- creasirg inporlance; it is tor ceived to be time, and high time, to collect time materi- als fn m w) ich the history of ihis locality may hereafter be constiucted; to gather freni provir cial archives and county re- cordPj fr« «) ft niily I'lil lis ard ten.bstonts, fn 111 crun pled JetterB und time-stained j< uruals, and by tio fitful and uncertain light of Io(ul tradition, who und what man- ner of men they were that, havitg resisted, ofti n unto blood, .strivirg ngainst what they considered sin, abundoned both friends and property to hew out for themselves a homo in a howling and desolate wilderness. Many cau(C8 have ccnibined to render their me- morials few and scanty. But a fm«ll pro- portion ot them had what we would call an education; thiy had just parted In arger from kith and kin, the population wuB sparse, the roads were mere bridle paths, and travelling on them wholly l)y horseback; there were no newspapers or bookstores (f any account, and no mails, railroads, steamers, telrgraphs or telephones at all. Is it not well tnat men should oc- CKMonally turn from the farm, the factory, the forum, to survey the sacrifices, the sufTerings and the successes of these stal- wart, spirited and self-respecting grand- sires ? When the Revolutionary war began in 1776. the whole of what is now the prov- ince of New Brunswick was included in the province of Nova Scotia. The inhabitants of English descent in all this territory THE RKV. OLIVEP ARNOLD. probftbly did not then nuniber more than ir)()0, »nd were chiifly lettUd ftround St. John, Iiilau({ervillo and iSackville. There were uliu ■onio loattercd Acudittn refugees al(>DK the north khoroand around thehi-adwatcrtof the St. John river; bcBidca which were the Indiana, whoie numbir oannot be accurate- ly atated and who probably had no atttli- monta at which they Bcjourned for more than a few montha at a time. 'J'hire waa, however, a lar({e Iiidian villu({e of aome deHcription and of more or leBi permanent chaiactt-r on the land d(>w owned by J. Alfred (/umpbell, at the junc- tion of the Millfetreum with the Kenntbtc- oasia; and from thu nature of that locality, aa well aa the lar^e burying ground known to have txiuted there, and the rtmaina of Indian arrow-heada and other inipltnicnta found there, it can hardly bo dt'Ubted that the Indians* fr<(|uently reaorted thithtr. When the Loyaliata landed at 8t. John in 17H,'l the only people of European denccnt settled in territory now included in Kings county were a few on the Httmniond Kivcr at the place still called from them French Village. Captain Munro sajs there wire fifteen families of thete Aradians, and that they hud then been there about tifleen years. Several of thi in took out grants in 17S7, from which their names seem to have been principally Klanchard, Robichuu, Terio, l^viaandThibaudeau. This would, according to Mr. Hannay, indicate that they were de- scendants of the Acadians who were a hun- dred years before settled around Port Royal; but just how and when they reached their home on the Hammond Kiveris not very clear. They rnay have taken refuge there from the Petitcodiac or the St, John, or quite possibly they had sought safety in this secluded settlement when furtively return- ing after the great expulsion. They all sold out, however, soon after obtaining their grants. Perhaps they did not feel at homo with their new neighbors; at all events, they aeem to have preferred to join their kindred in Miramiohi or Midawabka. Among those who purchaoed from them was John Pugs- ley, the great-grandfather of the Hon. Wil- liam Pugslev, D C L., the present solicitor- general of Now Brunswick. Much of the highlands had been lately overrun by fires. The early reports of the orown land surveyors frequently mention lots round Sussex and the Millstream as "burnt land," or aa covered with a young growth of wood not yet tit for timber or firewood; and blackened stumps of huge pines and other moDgurQhQ of the forest have been found when traoirg lines even in comparatively recent timea. It has been suggested that the Indian" h'^d puiposely set such fires to deter the lriy..iiHta fiuit set* tling; but though the Indians have a tradi- tion that a gieat fire occurrtd not long before the white man cbnie, the accounts of its origin and date aie lo vague »nd in- d( finite that it aetms fairer to conclude that the fire occurred accidinially or thiough an attimpt by the natives to citar their hunt- ing grtiundii after the gnat gale of Novim- ber ,'hd, ITOU. Fortunately game waa aliunjunt, and for niunyyiarB the setthra added largely to their lurdeis from m< o»e and partridge, salmon and trout. The Btori«H told of the plentifulness of game in thote days would be the decpair of sports- men of the present time. It was a hn river and the villages at the head ol the Hay of Fundy. The portage from the North river to the C:inaan river was probtibly uied in going to the upper St. John; but there is little doubt that the route through Sussex was ordinarily preferred to the bold shores and turbulent tides of the bay. For more than 40 years after the settlement of Sussex the Kenuebeccasis continued the chief means of transport for heavy freight both to and from the sea. It was in this connection that the famous "Durham boats" were mostly used. They were about 30 or 40 feet in length, and about 8 feet in width; not decked over, except for a small space at the stern; EARLY LAND GRANTS. ft provided with a kool, though 11 ater io the bottom than ordinary craft, and furnished with oara, and alio with a matt, which aup- ported a aail, where the wind or current would propal the ItDat, hut which, io the upper and shallower waters, upheld above the buithes on the bank a stout tow-ropn, whereby the crew of four or tivedra^^ed the boat to its destination. Before 17s:{ the governor of Nova Scotia had issued a few grants of land now in- cluded in Kings county. Of these the earlioMt of importance wav the so-called township of Amuabury, which took its name fr3m the chief grantee, James Amesbury, a merchant of Halifax. It extended from the lower side line of the "Studholm- Baxter" ;^rant westward and northward to the St. John and VVashademoak. Sir Andrew Snape Hammond, lieutenant governor of Nova Sootiain 17HI and 17S2, obtained Deo. 2:{rd, ITS'i, the grant of a tract of land situate on the Kiver St. John and bounded as follows : Rt>ginninst on tin soulhorn boundary lino of thf! lown-ihip KrAU'ed to Jivcncs Am m'tury anl otheri4, tiiid on tli') oaitorn Hidu of the Kiver Kennoboci^asis oppoiito the portaxe, th>inco riiu'iinK oast 3i0 chains on naid southern bound- ary line. ihrtuni) 90111 hHiO chuins.thonco went 320 chiiids, or till it comes to the Kiver Kenneboc- caeia, and th jnce up alreain lo the flrat bound). This was a block of about 10,000 acres, described by Cip'^aio Munro as being chief- ly indilTarent land covered witK birjh, but comprising some good intervale and upland, which included the French village above re- furred to. H3 also described the township of Amesbury as consisting of low sunken in- tervale and large meadows in the southern piri'on. The upper part was chiefly burnt land, but about KalleiHle the land was toler- ably good, though without timber. Thegrant kno va as the "Studholm-Baxter grant" was dated the 15th day ot August, 17H'2. It was made to (iilfred Studholme, Smioa lUxter, William Baxter, Beuj uniu lUxter, Daokin (Jjimpbell, Beojimin Siow and John Utzan; and comprised 9,.o00 acres (with the usual allowance), ex- tending from Norton Station to Pissakeag. This and the Studville gr^int to M ij )r Studholme (dited June lOth, 1784.) were the only Nova Scotia grants of land in Kiog,000 acres in a block nearly three miles «|uare, and ex- tending from below Apohaqui Station to the f^rm of Michael Ureighton at Lower Cove. A deed to Mtjor Studholme by the other grantees shows that the names of the latter were inserted solely for and on the behalf of the aaid (Wilfred Studholme, with intent that they should convey to him when- ever r« co the salt works on the Salmon river and to the Farlee brook on the Trout Creek, and so included the whole of the village of Sussex. Colonel Allen, how- ever, as well as many of his associates, pre- ferred to settle above Fredericton on the St. John river, and so relioquioued this grant in Sussex. This was one of the last of the grants mide by the Nova Sjotia government of land in this vicinity, for on the IG.h of August, 1784, New Brunswick was erected into a separate province. By graub dated the 19th day of May, 1786, the "Island, ' comprising the farms of William Creighton, Sheriif Freez», Col. Beer and the late William Morrison, was granted to the Hon George Leonard; and substci'ienrly, by grant dated the IHth day of Juty, 1791, three lots to the east- ward of the *4:iUnd" and six lots to the northward of Salmon River were granted to Mr. Ltonardand John and Peter Cougle; and lots 48 and 50, south of the Trout Creek, were also given to Mr. Leonard. Lot 5(3 is that on which the present rectory stands; and lot 4S is bounded eastwardiy by the farm of Nelson Arnold, Esq , and west- wardly by the Ward's Creek road, and in- cludes to the northward of the Post road the lands of William McLeod and John Whalen. The remainder of the land originally 6 THE REV. OLIVER ARNOLD. aesigned to Col. Allen and hia asaociatea was included in another grant of the same date, July 18bh, 1794, wtiich ia known aa the grant to John Koaa uud othera. Moat of the early grantawere uf large tracts of land, and took their names from the grantee who happened to be tirat mentioned therein. Thua the granc of the land at Penob- squis, which is dated the 23rd day ot June, 1786, and includes all the tnr- ritory from Plumweaeep to the old g A pit above "the lane" ia known aa the gt it to John Furnie and others. Almost noth- ing ia known of either Koaa or Furnie, and probably neither would now be remembered at all but for the accident which placed their names drat in their respective grants. Oa such a slender thread hangs human fame. By these granta, or by purchaae shortly afterward, became settled in Sussex the Birberies, Cougles, Doy^ls, F^irweathers, Ualletts, Ueinea, Leonn.r(la, McLeans, Mc- Leods, Parleea, Roacnea, Shecka, Soiders, Stocktons, Vails, and others whoae names remain unto thia day. They had nearly all served the crown in the Revolutionary war, and were chiefly from the states of Mtkasa- ohusetts. New York, New Jersey and Penn- sylvaaia. Oliver Arnold was one of those who came to Su .y' /• , »/ « ., v.lSV/^O* ./^- :■'■ CHARLOTTE, WIFE OF REV. OLIVER ARNOLD, SCHOOL FOR INDIANS. and inoluding the site of tho old ladian ool- lego, Oliver Arnold drew lot No. 95 on the west aide of Germaia street, immediately in the rear of the lots fronting on King street; also a water lot, bounded ea^twardly by Prince William street, southwardly by l3ake street, and westwardly by low-water mark in the harbor of St. John. In the oonvey- ance by him of this water loo, dated the 23rd day of September, 1785, Mr. Arnold is described as of the city of So. John, gentle- man; and as the consideration is stated at £95, there must then —within two years after the settlement of the city — have been qaite a boom in the city lots, at least in ttiose fronting on the harbor. But however lively real estate may have been, there does not seem to have been then much to do for a person without some trade or vocation, and accordingly Mr. Arnold soon removed to the country. He had beoome, July 14ch, 1784, the grantee of one-half of lot No. 3 in King^tton, and his brother Amos drew January 27th, 1786, one-half of lot 9 in Westfield. Amos had also received for bis city lot No. 66 on the east side of Prince William street, midway between Duke street and Queen street, and in his conveyance of the latter, May 4th, 1786, to Thomas Handforth, he is described as of Kingston, in the county of Kings, Yeoman. No wife joins in this deed, so that Amos was probably not married while he lived in New Brunswick; and it also is pretty clear from another deed, dated in the summer of 1786, in which he is described as of the city of St. John, without mention of any occupation, that Amos Arnold made no permanent settlement in this country. He was the grantee of another lot, the N. E. half of No. 15 in Holland's first survey of land called Sterlinef's grant. This he conveyed to his brother Oliver for £35 by deed dated July 27th, 1786, in which the latter is mentioned as of Long Reach, in Kings county, but without stating hia oooupition. This deed is wit- nessed by Roswell Arnold, and gives the only certain knowledge we have of more than one brother having accompanied Oliver to New Brunswick. Oliver Arnold appears to have intended at first to settle permanently on the Long Reach; and on the ninth day of November, 1786, he was married by the Rev. George Bissett to Charlotte, eighth child and third daughter of Stephen and Elizabeth Wig- gins of Newbargh, N. Y. Mr. and Mrs. Arnold Mem, however, to have wearied quickly of life on the Long Reach. Capt. Munro says that these landr jn the south- east of the Reach, being a ulook of 10,000 acres which had been granted to Captain Walter Sterling of the navy, were chiefly a very bJkd tract; there was no intervale, til- lage, nor meadow land, nor would 1,000 acres accommodate one single family. There is little wonder that Mr. Arnold soon dis- posed of his land in that vicinity. The deed is dated the 5th day of June, 1787; and as the price of the lot is stated to be £75, it may be oon- eluded either that Amos had sold at a sacri- fice in order to return to Connecticut, or that Oliver had very industriously improved the lot daring the ten months he owned it. He had, however, purchased for £37 10s. from Ebenrz'fr Spicer and James Morgan Fairchild of St. John, lot No. 49 in Sussex, which comprised the farms at present owned by Nelson Arnold and Horatio Arnold. It seems almost certain that, in removing to Sussex, Mr. Arnold had in view other pur- suits than agriculture, and though we do not know whether or not he then contem- glated taking holy orders, there is little doubt thkt his chief object was to establish a school for the Indians. The leading oiti- zan of Sussex at that time was the Hon. George Leonard, and he had in 1786 been appointed by the New Eagland company one of their commissioners for educating and civilizing the Indians in this province. A school house was, in the fall of 1787, erected on the northeast corner of the present Trinity church lot, by the small sate lead- ing to the church, and this is afterwards referred to by Mr. Leonard as having been erected for an Indian school house. Prom a memorial dated at Fredericton, the 7th day of February, 1791, and written by Mr. Arnold to "the honorable board for propa- g'tting the gospel among the natives of America," a glimpse may be had of the nature and circumstances of the work to which he had diavotetl himself. He says: "The memorial of Oliver Arnold will state to your board that in consequence of his en- gagements with the Indians when on a visit among them in January, 1790, mentioned in a letter directed to George Leonard, E^jq., he has been under a necessity to contract a small account and fulfil his engagements with the Indians, or give up all hope of any suc- cess with them, which he now begs leave to present to the board for their approbation and payment together with his other ex- penses. "Your memorialiat flatten himielf that THE REV. OLIVER ARNOLD. hit Bohool in now in aa good way as any other in the province where large Buma have been expended, and he hopea that hia amall aocount, now presented, may be paid, aa it is BO amall In comparison to what haa been allowed to othern. Your memorialist also Btatea that on an application from the Indiana in the Statea requesting to come into this country and receive the advantage of aa education from the fund they formerly enjoyed, and, considering the effects it might naturally produce amon^ the Indiana of this country, Buch aa atimulatiog them in their education and forwarding thuir incli- nation to huabandry and tilling the aoil, he haa made a jiurney to the Statea and broufltht with him two young Indians, which haa had the effect he expected with the In- diana of thia country, and therefore presenta a bill of the expense to the board, and hopea they may approve of the meaaurea and allow the expense. "Your memorialist further statea that hia contingent expenaea, auch aa for travelling and for victualling the Indiana who call ou him ten, fifteen and twenty at a time, for two or three days, has amounted to so con- siderable asum,and your memorialist's salary is so smill, that the bonetio he haa received from it for hia family haa baen very incon- siderable for two years paat. Hi therefore praya the board to take hia case into con- sideration and to make auoh aa addition to hia salary as they miy think proper, which he hopea may extend co the year piat. "All which ia humbly submiDted to the board by their moat humble servant, "Oliver Arnold." There was then, in 1791, no missionary in Sussex, and indeed only six missionaries of the Church of England in the whole prov- ince. The Rev. Kichard Clarke of Gage- town ia known to have visited Sussex November 4th, 1787, when he married James Codner to Mr. Loonard'a aecond daughter, Lucy, and baptized some children named Hayes and Smith; and it is probable that otH^r missionaries had occasionally been here. The need of a settled pastor waa, of oourae, much felt, and though the people naturally preferred one with whom they were acquainted and who had four yeara' exparieuoe of the oondiciona of life in their midst, yet it baars strong witneaa to the piety, learning, ztal and gifca of Mr. Arnold that the inhabicanta of this import- ant pariah urged him to t«ke Holy Orders, »nd recommended him to the bishop for ordination and to the Society for the Propa- g«tioa of the Goapsl for app3intment aa their miaaionary in Suaaex. Thia society was the chief miaaionary agency of the time. It had been founded by Dr. Thomaa Bray, and waa chartered by King William III. in 1701, "For the receiviog, managing and dlaposing of the oontributiona of auch persona aa would be in- duced to extend their charity towarda the maintenance of a learned and othodox clergy and the making of such other pro- viaion aa 'night be neceaaary for the propa- gi':.tion of the gospel in foreign parta, etc " After the revolutionary war thia aooiety, comimouly known aa the "S P G.," na- turally devoted to the eatahliahment of mia- aionariea in New Brunawick and other loyal coloniea the funda it had previoualy ex- pended in the revolted atates; and for near- ly fifty yeara the miasionaries of *jhe Eatab- liahed Church in New Brunawick were chiefly aupported by thia noble and benevo- lent institution. The S P. G. ia quite dis- tin it from "The Company for the Propaet*- tion of the Gospel in New Eagland and the parta adjacent in America," which had been founded about 1662 and which mainly con- ducted the efforts to civiliza and educate the Indians. Before the revolution the clergymen of the eatabliahed church had alwaya been or- dained in England, and no biahop had yet been appointed for any of thn colonies; but on the 12ch of August, 1787, the Rev. Charlea Inglia, D. D., the fearleaa rector of Trinity church in New York, who had not heaitated to continue hia prayers for King George and the royal family even when Gen. Washington and hia aoldiera had attended hia church, waa consecrated aa Lord Bishop of Nova Sjotia, with ecclesiastical jurisdiction over the other North American provinces. The S. P. G. report for 1789 contains the following, which ia the Hrat reference to Suaaex : "The Province of New Brunawick is daily increaaing, and there are aeveral placea where mlaisters may soon be wanted— about Pedicodiac, Sussex Vale, Oromocto, and Moductuc, where the inhabitants begin to be numerous. The people of Sussex Vale have recommended a Mr. Arnold to the bishop, and he is likely to be settled among them." In the summer of 1792 Biahop Iogliae to Halifax the preceding year for admission to the lower order. Bat while the time and place of Mr. Ar- nold's ordination are not as clearly estab- lished as oae might wish, it ia quite certain that in the aummer of 1792 hu waa an or- dained clergyman of the Church of Eng- land, and aa such was ministering to the people of Sussex. It was not, however, till the following summer that Mr. Leonard mide the conveyance of the preaent Glebe. The deed is dated the 14ch day of Anguat, 1793, and is expreaaed to be for the onlyr prupar use, benefit and bahoof of tho R-ictor, Churchwardens and Vestry of the Church of England established at Sussex V<»le, in Kiogs County. "For a piraonaga glebe for the Incumbent of the said Parish and Church for the time being, forever, on condition that a Mission is opened in the Parish by the Society for Propagating the Gospel, and the same shall ba held for the use and benefit of the (yler- gymen so settled in said Parish (and that when the Society shall withdraw its protection and care from the said Parish), but (or?) in case the people •hould protsM any other religion or ■- t i ' I I 10 TItE REV. OLIVER ARNOLD. praotUf any other mode of worship th&a the Bibablished Ctiuroh of Ea^laad, and thereby remove the minister or clergyman from said parish, for whose use aad benefit the above describid premises are granted, the same with all the privileges shall recura baok bo the stid George Leonard, his heirs or assigns, he, the said G lorge, bis heirs or assigns, ptyiag for all buildings and im- provements thereon, at the valuation of three competen^< judges." In the 8. P. G. report for 179.'^, ^r. Arnold's name first appears as "Missionary at Sussex Valu," in receipt of £51). Soon after his settlement as missionary, Mr. Arnold became a mem- ber of 8 on lodge, No 21, b\ & A M. This was the tirst lodge of Free Masons in Kings county, and was established Augunt 15 )h, 1792, with Christopher Sower as W. M., Samuel Ketchum as 8. W., and William Hutchison as J. W. It ac first met in Mason's hall, "now kept by Bbenezor Spioer in the township of Kingston," but on March 6 :h, 1799, after the removal of Mr. Spioer to Sussex, the lodge was authorized to be held at his house in che latter place. This was an inn kept by him on the site of the preseut residence of Walter McMonagle, E.(] 1825. Nj from from ston. Sion lolge existed till about the year letters were had by the society in 1794 Mr. Arnold or from Mr. Dibblee, or Mr. Sjovil, the missionary at King- This was attributed to accidents and miscarriage consequent upon the war with France. The missionary at Sussex, how- ever, was actively engaiged in providing tor both the spiritudbl and m total instruction of his people; and on tbe 15oh day of August, 1794, "Henry Fowler and Elizikbeth, his wife, in consideration of the love, good will and aff action they bore to the worship of Almtfi(hty Gjd and to the education of chil- dren, and divers other good causes (pro- minent am>ng which ware doubtless the rector's ze»l, energy and eloqience), con- veyed to the Riv. Oliver Arauid as rector of the Slid piriah of Sussex, and Gjkbriel Fowler and Isaiah Smith as wardens of the western part of the said parish, and Caleb Wetmore, Reuben Crthesay, Htiimpton, Upham, Hammond, Waterford, Ctrdwell, Havelock, Studholm and Sussex, together with part of Norton, and even after the act of 1795 (35 Geo. III., o. 3), Sussex covered the whole of the present parishes of Sussex, Scudholm, Havelock, Cardwell tnd Waterford, and also part of Himmond. To this new parish of Sussex Mr. Arnold gave two-thirds of his time, div ding the remain- der betweun Norton and Hampton. In all direodons the people manifested a good dis- piaition by a general attendance on Divine worship. He expressed a strong sense of gratitude to Mr. Leonard for his manifold kinlness to him and for his bountiful assist- ame to the Church, and announces the building of a room for the ladian school, 80 by 30 feet, wtiioh "is so constructed that the Eoglish may derive equal advantage from it." He also reported that in the in- terviil between the Bishop's first visitation in 1792 and his last in 1795 he had baptized 87 iufants and adults; m krried S^oouples, X7 and buried 7 children and only one adult. He had then 78 communicants, and request- ed some prayer-books and religious tracts, which were sent him. Simon Baxter of Norton had lately given 200 acres ot excel- lent land, 30 being cleared thereon. Therft THOS. AN.UEY AND MAtlY HIS WIFE. n waa a convenient houio for a pirsonage. Norton then contained 2U0 soula, and many more were expected to settle there durinfr( the ensuing suaimer. The sooieiy, by rea- son of numerous other applications, did not then feel able to send a missionary to Nor- ton; but appointed Ozias Aosley as their Bohoolmtster there at a salary of £10 per year. The state of the mission at Sussex Vale was in 1797 said to be nearly the same as when Mr. Arnold had last written. He re- ported a visible reform in the morals of the people, but lamented that the work of the church went on slowly. Three new commu- nicants had lately been added, however, aad he again acknowledged a box of books frem the society. Two or three years later some Baptist and New Light preachers passed through Sussex on their way from Nova Scotia to the settlements on the St. John river. They seem to have bad a good many followers, and to have created some excitement; but in 1802 Mr. Arnold informs the society that the "intemperate zeal" of these teachers had abated, their numbers decreased, and many of his parishioners who appeared to be unsettled in their principles were return- ing to a serious and sober sense of religion and of their duty. The nature of the mat- ters mooted by these travelling preachers may be inferred from the rector's request for some copies of Wall on Infant Bd^ptiam, and The Eoglishman Directed in the Choice of His Religion, which the society promptly seut him. Probably among these teachers was the Harris mentioned by Sheriff B*tes as a notorious preacher who Ciime into the parish of Sussex and told the people he had oome to them by an irresistible call from Heaven to offtsr salvation inSussex thatnight, and that if he disobeyed the call the very stones would rise up against him. The sheriff says that many gave heed to him and were converted, especially one respdctable member of the Church of Eagland and his ■on, who had been disappointed. They, however, divided the congregation, and so many joined them in preterenoe to Harris that the latter repented he had ever offered salvation in Sussex and went in disgust to Norton. As an instance of the change of customs, it may be remarked that one chief objection raised against these travelling preachers was that they held services in the evening, which was then contrary to the practice of the Established Ctiuroh. There were in 1802 forty-eight communi- oanta in Sussex and twenty-four in Norton. In the latter place Mr. Arnold then otTioia ted every third Sunday, and in the following year he reported forty-live families as ia regular attendance upou D.vine bervioa there. In 1804 he writes that he has lately visited two new settlements. Que (called Ctierry Valley, which cannot now be identi- fied) he saye is about 12 miles distant from Sussex and contains '2'^ families; the other. Smith's creek, where 14 families were then settled, was about 10 miles distant. The church at Sussex was now "in great for- wardness." It was on the lot at the Upper Corner conveyed July IQoh, 1794, by Thomas Aosley and Mary, his wife, "for and in con- sideration of the privilege of having the ground or floor for a pew in the church which is about to be erected in the vale of the said Sussex," and was "for the use and purpose of erecting the aforementioned church or building thereon." Thomas Aosley was the son of Ozlaa Ansley above mentioned. The latter had been an ensign in the l^t Battalion of New Jersey volunteers, and also adjutant of the corps. On coming to New Brunswick he received a grant of land near Plumweseep and also lot No. .55 at the Upper Corner, but he does not seem to hava had any grant in St. John. He bought a piece of land in Norton and thought he would like to have a lot of 400 acres adjoining it; but his appli- cation was endorsed by the upright and in- fl fxible old surveyor general, George Sproule, with the remark that Mr. Auoley already had more land than the royal instructions permitted. He afterwards nought lot 54 at the Upper Corner, which had been granted to a man by the name of Drummond; and in ' WIW he conveyed to hia / son Thomas lUO acres off ttie lower end of lots 54 and 55 Tne church lot was part of No. 54 Ozias Aosley was a justice of the paace and quirum, and m«ny of Che earliest deeds were ackaowledged before him, but he did not remain very long in one place. In addition to Sussex and N^orton ho lived for a while in Sc. John, where his wife Charity died on the 6oh of May, 1801, in her 53rd year, and having finally returned to the Uuited Scates he died at S eaten Island in MM*, in the 85ch year of his age. Ha / had loft several children there and was fol- lowed to New Brunswick by only two sons, Thomas and Daniel. The latter was by oc- cupation a tanner and currier in St. John, where some of his descendants still reside. He acquired conaiderable wealth, was one of the organizers and directors of the Com meroial Bjknk, and held several other poai vfpoatod this visit, and went aa far as Windsor in Nova Scotia. He preached on his way at Parrsborough, the distance to which from Sussex (140 miles) is described as lying through a thickly settled country, without a single ohrgyman of the Estab- lished Church. It is likely that on this oc- casion he accompanied his son, Horatio Nelson, on his way to school at Windsor. The churjh at Norton had not been coin- pleted as per contract; but it had been in- closed and the inhabitants had met in it for divine service, the tl )or had been laid, and a seat and reading desk erected for the minister. The frame ot the Norton church was raised the 2ad of April, 1814. Tho society furnished a Bible and prayer book for the church, aa well as small Bibles, prayer booki and religious tracts for the use of the people. Toe rector then otBciated in Norton every fourth Sunday in summer and occasionally in winter. In 1816 the house of assembly granted £150 toward the expenses of the churoh in Sussex, which is stated to have been the first assistance ever given the inhabitants for such purpose, although the late bishop ha 1 encouraged them to hope for some aid from England. The petition for this assist- ance, which was presented to the house by George Leonard, y,, then one of the mem- bers for Kings county, requests the grant in order to repair the church at Suaaex Vale; and aa Mr. Arnold wrote the aociety that auch repaira could not be completed with- out another £150, old Trinity muat by thia time have become quite dilapidated. It was urg^d that the aitu^ttion of the parish ex- potied the pa pie to many incon- veniences which did not attach to other aettlementa where the inhabitants were not ao wholly dependent for aupport upon the produce of the earth. Upon these representations the society made a grant of £100, and the next year the church was completed and a decent fence erected around the lot on which it stood. Thechurch was of the old-fashioned colon- ial type, and stood in the middle of the lot; it waa of courae built of wood, about 40 feet by 50 feet in size, and capable of aeating from 400 to 450 persons. Against the western end was built a tower, thirteen or fourteen feet square, through which was the miin en- trance to the building. This tower waa about seventy feet in height, including the apire and open belfry, and was originally THE MADRAS SCHOOLS. 18 qnlte imperfectly joined to tho frame of the main buildiog, rendering DeceeBftry fnqaent repalri. The spire was aurmountrd by a gilt vane and weathercooli brought from St. John by the late John C. Vail, 't*Ui[ , on horseback. The windows were large and numerous and had ifmi-circular tops, but were glazed with small panes of plain glass. The choir for a long while occupied seats in the gallety over the entrance, out in later years eat in the front pews. The chancel was stmi-circular and rather rmall, and the pulpit used to have a sounding-board over it. All the pews had high backs, and tight, exclusive doors, and were sold or rented in accordance with the policy ad- vocated by iiishop leglis. Thoss between the two isles were long and narrow; while those between the ifles and the walls were fquare and furnished with seats on at least three sides. About this time there was quite a revival of interest in education, and numerous pe- titions were presented to the legislature for aid to the newly established Madras schools. Mr. Arnold had always taken a deep con- cern in educaMonal matters, and largely through his efforts Sussex was at once di- vided into six districts, in each of which a school house was erected, and a total of 150 children were soon in attendance. People of all denominations were much gratified with the profipeots which the new system held out for the rnpid progress of their chil- dren, and all united with zeal to promote thisldesirable objfct. The tirkt teachers iu Sussex under the Madras system was Joseph K. Le(;gett (who had been la^ely appointed teacher of the Indian school), and his ac- complished wife and sister in-law, the daughters of Dr. John Martin of Penob- squis. The Madras schools were so called because first conducted at Madras by the founder of the system, the Rev Dr. Bell. They were also sometimes known as National nchools, from having been adopted by the Britisli National Education Society. The tiisC Madras school in America was opened at Halifax in 1816 by a Mr. West, to whom the S. P. G. paid a salary of £200 He also opened the first school of this kind in Nhw Brunswick, on the ISch day of July, 1818, in the old "Drury Lme theatre" at York Point. This school for a while re- ceived aid from the National Society in England, but on August 13:h, 1819, a pro- vincial charter was granted to the Madras schools in New Brunswick, and the next year the legislature voted £7oO ia their sup- port. Thn system was rapidly adopted, and in 1810 Madras schools had been estab- lished at Frederictoo, Kingston and Ijage- town, as well as at Sussex. The St. John City Cazette of July 19lh, lh20, contains in the fimt annual report of these schools in this proviroe the following reference to the schools :n Kii>gs county: "Upon a representation made by the Rev. Mr. Arnold of the stsM of the Madras .Schools, two at Sussex Vale and one at Norton, in Kings county, the turn of 140 has been allowed at the present meeting of the corporation to Mr. and Mrs. Legeett aa instructors in one of the schools at Sussex Vale; of the sum of £15 to Miss Martin, the preceptress in the school at Norton, and of the further sum of £15 to Mr. Trnro, late preceptor in the other school at Sussex Vale, amounting in the whole to £70, pay- able out of the province grant." In 1819 Mr. and Mrs. Leggett taught at Sussex 30 boys and 33 girls, with an aver- age attendance of 45 Miss Martin, at Norton, had 32 girls, all of whom are re- turned as in daily attendance. The attend- ance at Mr. Truro's school, which was at the Upper Comer, is not stated. The Mad- ras Sohools were placed under the super- vision of the rector of the parish in which they were established. The poorer children were admitted free, and in some cases re- ceived books, etc. ; other scholars paid sums varying from 20 to 40 shillings per annum. The exciting principle was emulation, and the boys taught each other, whereby much labor and expense were saved. Each school had an usher from the boys, and the most competent boys seem to have taken charge of the classes in turn. The system was said to have been very purely taught in a Na- tional School at the Upper Settlement at Sussex Vale, which was considered one of the most perfect models of the Central School in London ever seen in New Bruns- wick. Mr. Arnold continued to visit Norton every fourth Sunday. During the summer, service was held in the church, but as the building was not yet wholly fioishtd the people collected during the winter season in some private house. It being, however, d.tiluult thus 10 accommodate all who were diupesed to attend, the society in 1819, granted £100 in aid of this church, and the legislature were petitioned for like assist- ance. In 1821 the church wardens had ex- pended nearly all of the society's liberal donation, and a contract was made to firish the inside during that year. II' 14 THE REV. OLIVER ARNOLD. The obarob at Hampton bad by tbU time tein crmpletert. The pews in it wrre fold on tbe7th of June, 1817, for over £242 The firat leimon in it waa rrracbcd by the Rpv. Eliaa FIcovil, on the 26th of Aag., 1818, from jRmea 3c., 17v. Id the ntit Bpring the 8. P. (>. Bent out the Rev. Jairea Cot k- ■OD as missionary at Hampton, and be en- tered the pulpit of tbn new church there for the firat time on the 27tb day of June, 1819, taking for hia text, Luke l.'Sc., lOv. 8oon after his Arrival, having fifcured a residence between Hampton and Norton, Mr. Cook- Bon expreaaed a readiness to relieve Mr. Arnold from the dutiea of Norton, as well aa Hampton; and aa the latter waa advanc- ing in years, and the fnquent journey of 20 miles on horse-back required grrat exertion, and, besides, two other churchea on his extensive mission needed his attention, the new arrangement proved highly satisfactory. He bad now preached at Norton every third or fourth Sunday for more than twenty years. His stipend, which had been increased to £2C0 per annum, was continued at the same smount after he wa? relieved of Norton. He did not rest idle at Sussex, but gave to his favorite occupation of school inspecting what time he could spare from parochial duties. In March, 1822, he visited Butter- nut Ridge, apparently for the first time. He describes it as a small settlement, dis- tant about .30 miles from Sussex, and lying near the junction of the four counties — Kings, Queens, Westmorland and Northum- berland. (Kent was not set off from North* umberland till the year 1826.) At this place Mr. Arnold performed service both morning and evening to a very respectable congregation. There were two small schools here, but the pupils were insufficiently sup- plied with books. At the Vale the congre- gations had much increased, and were very attentive and regular. The parish of Sus- sex waa aaid to contain in the year 1825 a population of 1833 souls, and nearly all of whom were stated to belong to the Estab- lished Church. A letter dated the 13th of February, 1823, and written to the S. P. G. by the Rev, Robert Willi8,then rector of Trinity church, St. John, and ecclesiastical commissary to the bishop of Nova Scotia, contains so many interesting details that the portion of it relative to Sussex may be quoted: "Here ia an old established mission and a respectable oburoh in tolerably good repair. This pariah, like Hampton, is tolerably populous and the people attached to the Established Chnrcb. Hitherto, howcTeri they have not been sufficiently attentive to their missionary in regard to salary and a suitable bouse or residence. The people are in circumstances to do scmething for their clergyman; but they see med to have for- gotten, if ever they had been acquainted with it, that something was expected from them for the missionary. Mi. Arnold baa lived long and happily with them, and waa unwilling, perhaps, to riik an interruption of that happiness by proposing or attempt- ing to enforce any measure of this kind. Having coneulted Mr. Arnold and concur- ring in opinion that a favorable opportunity now offered of having these mattera laid before them by the bishop's officer, a meetirg of the vestry and parishionera waa called. The people having been in- formed that I waa on an official viait to the missions in the province for the purpose of ascertaining their state that I might report thereon to the bishop and cociety, I was re- ceived with great attention. I brought to their remembrance the tirgular advantages they bad been erjoying for so many year* by the residence of a regular clergyman among them; acquainted them with the wishes and views of the society in such cases, and what it was expected they should do for their miesionaiy. Having thus re- minded them of their obligations, they ex- pressed in very strong teims their sense of gratitude to the venerable society, their high esteem for Mr. Arnold, and deep regret that they should so long have neg- lected him. They entered a resolu- tion on their books, that it was the unani- mous opinion of the meeting that a glebe house should be built, and a paper was im- mediately prepared and subscribed in a liberal way to promote it. The Hon. George Leonard, a member of the aociety, the lib- eral supporter of every good inatitution, headed the list with a handsome sum, in addition to the glebe, a fine lot of land of fifty (sic) acres which he formerly gave to the church; being in the centre of the parish, it is or will be valuable— it was a part of his own estate in thia place. On thia land the house is to be built. The spirit excited on this occasion in the people was truly gratifying to me, and highly honorable to them; it is such as I trust will animate all their exertions till the work ia finiahed. From this and other circumstances I have good reason to believe that the house will be in a forward state, if not finished, in the course of the next summer. There are a few remote settle- 9, howcTeri attentive to ■alary and a le people are log for their have for- Bcqaaioted peoted from Arnold baa im, and waa interruption or attcmpt- thia kind, and conour- opportunity Be matter! op'i officer, paritbionera g been in- visit to the purpose of ight report y, J was re- brought to advantage! [Tiany yeara olergyman 1 with the ly in such they should K thus re- IB, they ex- eir sense of p, their high lecp regret have neg- a resolu- the unasi- it a glebe per was im- ribed in a [on. George 7, the lib- institution, e sum, in if land of ly gave to the parish, a pan of this land irit excited was truly norable to mimate all B finished. BB I have >use will be aished, in summer. te eettle- > ," ' " • ■■>. ■ / St ■■*'i " '*»»M^i »i WiW l*Si i|«li I •M««NM«aiM«r •— • 1 ^•iv ! "'.-;. V ! '... ...C I .."s. -'ff. I ■ P'-.^" ' <■-•'■•• V..^ '/">.■■' . 'f"'^'^ >•'.' ■ ,.. ..•; A.. p n' H I I. |d 1 -.-« ^ E i^.-' • ■• .„.:.,. ^ ■• •' ■ • ..^ - > iv-.-fn-' ■ - ■ ' .■-■' ARi-^ToMprtoriEWO. •'^jA ij^ ttHMHiillE^Biltt THE OLD RECTORY. s!f 1 , ,, m s'*' i !'■ 1 1 i i '^ L >' BUILDIKG A rAtFONACE. u menti In the interior, which Mr. ArroM ocoAiionally vinita, and where at ttatrd period! he ( fficikten iird adminUter* thn ■aoramenti. Hut»ex Vale ia a hpKutiful ard fertile part of the province. Mr. Arnold haa a very good cornrrgatinn, hut rot quite Ko numeroua, perhape, an that at Han pton. The diatanoe between Norton and Suiitx Vale rhurohra ia twenty tnilea. The National aohool of thi' narinh ia in the huildipff called the Colhge for civil 7,lrg Indiana. The master, Mr. l.rggett, teschea on the Madraa ayatem, and isunfler the pro- tection and encouregpirent (f the Madraa Inatitution of New Brunswick. He re- ceives an rquitahle propegan to occupy the houne as a rectory. Ho seems to have re- sided there forfthe*'remainder of his active ministry. The n'»w rectory was not com- pleted as soon as Dr. Willis expected that it would be, and it does not appear that Mr. Arnold ever occupied it The next information furnished by the S. P. G. reports f respecting Sussex is con- tained in an extracf'from a letter written to the society by Dr. John luglis, third bishop of Nova Scotia. He says: "Tuesday the 18th (July, 1826), we proceeded to Sussex Vale, nineteen miles, where we ar- rived at a late hour. Mr. Arnold and the principal gentlemen of his parish met us six mllci from the place. Mr. Arnold, having been here many years, haa gone thronah much useful labor, and has the comfort of knowing that it has not been in vain. He has witnessed great improvement of every kind; a large increase to the popula- tion, and a corresponding enlargement of the church, which is prosperoos here. Wed., July 10., we were in the church at this place before ten o'clock, and although a spacious building it was very much crowded. It was consecrated Trinity with its burial grrund, which is at some distance from it. I preached ss usual to an atten- tive audience and contitmed 138 persons, who as well as their respectable pastor icemed earnestly affected. In the afternoon we were accompanied some miles en our way by some pentlemen of this place." In March, 1826, the society resolved, in conse(|uence of the advancing years and failing strength of the now aged missionary, to provide him an assistant in the person of his third son, Horatio Nelson Arnold. The latter reported to the society under date of January 2nd, 1829, his arrival in Sussex; and after mentioning the preparations he had made for his successor in the parish of Oranville, in the county of Anna^^olis, N. S. (where he had been missionary for five years); the solemn reflections hli leave taking had inspired, and the stormy and perilous passage of several days in crossing the Bay of Fundy, he proceeds: "As soon as we set off from St. John we hurried on to the Valo,and I was in time to assist my father the next Sunday (the second in Advent), and have since jeen with him in performing the duty on Christmas and New Yeaf's days. Though one of the old- est on the society's list of missionaries, I am thankful to say he still enjoys very tolerable health for his time of life. He has per- formed the duties of this extensive parish for a long period ot years, and has very seldom had assistance or relief from any quarter. It is, therefore, gratifying to him, the people, and myself also, that the vener- able society have formed an arrangement by which he can get occasional relief in the discharge of the duties of his parish. I have not yet made' arrangements for much visiting duty, ae the weather has been very severe, and I have not yet been able to bring up my baggage from St. John. ' true I did last Sunday preach at a part of the parish which my father has long been in the habit of visiting, where I found an attentive people, who seeiiied gratified that they were attended to. I shall hope before long to -T" id THE REV. OLIVER ARNOLD. Hr h make more extenBive and more ref^ular viBita. My father has had a lamo hi»rd, which prevents his writing just uow. Hb unites with me in every respeet to the venerable society " It has been stated that in or about 1830 ]»]r. Arnold took charge of the mieeion at Springfield, but diligent icquiry has failed to corroboratp this asBertion. The S. P. (4. report for 1882 mentions him as still mis- sionary at Sussex, with H. N. Arnold as as- sifctant missionary: and the former had in consequence of his increased infirmities been obliged to confine his services to the parish church and discontinue his visits to the more distant parts of the parish. It is thus clear that he did not supply Spring- field while residing at the Vale, and local tradition is positive that he continued here for the remainder of his life. He and his wife had, soon alter the arrival of H. N. Arnold as assistant,taken up their reoidenue with their second son, George Nathan Arnold, on the premises now occupied by the latter's grandson, Horatio Arnold; and here both the aged couple finished their earthly course. Mrs. Arnold was the first to depart, but at last the summons came for the venerable missionary. The close of his long and well-spent life may be best detcribed in the words of his son and sf.ccesBor. "Though his health had been a good dial impaired during the last year, it was not till a few months be- fore his death that he was prevented from being precent at the public services of the church. Havi'g always been accustomed to take much exercise, which the extent of his missionary duty rendered necessary, he was no sooner confined to the house than bis strength rapidly failed him. But evtn till the day ot his d iath he was enabled to walk about his room with a little assistance. It pleased the Almighty to grant that his departure from time into eternity was so easy that those who were looking on were scarcely sensible of the moment when the spirit was released from the body. He de- par^ed this life on the ninth day of April, 1834, in the seventy-ninth year of his a^e, and the forty-third of his ministry. His mortal remains were followed to the grave by a very large number of the inhabitants of the parish, who thus manifested their last tokens of respect for their agnd pastor. Rev. Messrs. Scovil and Walker conducted the solemn services of the day." He was interred beside his wife in the cemetery at Upper Corner. As seated already, Mrs. Arnold's maiden name was Wiggins, and this she seems to have retained, for a short while at least, after her arrival in St. John, for lot No. 375 on the N. W. corner of King street east and Went- worth street was drawn by a Charlotte Wiggins. She was born on Thursday, the eleventh day of July, A.D. 1706, at New- burgh. N Y., and was, when she married Mr. Arnold, the widow of Stephen Hur- tice, a loyalist, who had drawn lot No. 75 on the west side of Germain street, about midway between Queen street and St-.James street. This lot, together with lot No. 700 on the N. W. corner of Duke and Charlotte streets, Mr. and Mrs. Arnold conveyed in 1796, under authority ff an order in coun- cil bearing date March 27th, 1789, and men- tioning Mrs. Arnold as administratrix of her late husband's estate. Her only child by her first husband was Eh'zabeth, who married Col. Robert Soott of Salisbury, Westmorland Co. Mrs. Arnold died on the 23rd day of November, 1831, aged 65 years, and Bhe is yet remembered as a most pious and amiable lady, distinguished alike by her domestic virtues, her affability to her friends, and her unceasing kindness to the poor and sillicted. Mr. and Mrs. Arnold bad the following family, viz. : 1. Thomas Oliver, born October 13th, 1787. Ho reside ' for many years whn-e Nelson Ar- nold n-w lives, but died on Ward's Creek; mar- ried. li'"Bt. Armo. dau^htpr of Rober' Vnil, Kpq., of f^ussex. by whom ho h<«d twelve cbil- dron; and Hocond, his coufin Martha, dauRhtcr of John WiKKins. if Portland, nrd widow of the lalo Robert Shivos. Ho died March 8th, 18fi7. 2. George Nathan, born September 3rd, 1789, m rried Kliza y\nn, dnuuhter • f Samuel Hul- lo! t, of SusRcx. Ho had nine children, and died in Mr y of 1846 'n his 57th ye-^r, 3 ChTl'tte Hannah horn April 27th, 1792, nia'Tjod John C. V>ill, E-q., o' Sussex; hnd a fiuni y of eight children, and died Mai ch 26th, 1835. in he- 43rd year. 4. William, bf^rn December 2nd, 1791, and died ])cc< nihcr 21-t, 1794. 5. Marp Ann, bom iVIny 25«h, 1797; married JohnB^rberie son of C 1 John Birbetie. They h' d several chilfljen.and died at Norton. 6 HorAiio Nelson (a short shetchof whoso life is giv»n post.) 7. Samuel Kdwin born Auanst 23rd. 1805. more do ely resombled his father in appear- anco than any other of the family. He entc ei King'* oolleKe. Winr^sor. N. S.. in 1822. ptradti- ated thori H. A, in 1825. M. A. in 1827,Rndl). C. L. in 1836 In 1828 he was appointed miseion- fry at Shediac, the tirst cleigyman of the Church of Kngland to reci'le at, that pi ice. Wo remnined there till ahout 1832. He married Mary Ann, dn ighler of James Robertson of '^t. John, and after her de>t,h h-^ married her sister, Annie Ma'ia. Hy his first wife he had one djkUKbter, and by hia second wife a son and tx' HIS APPEARANCE AND CHARACTEE. 17 I, and ■etained, Ffer her ';■) on the id Wen t- !harlocte iday, the at New- I married en HuR- )t No. 75 3t, about St.JamPB No. 700 Ilharloite veyed in in coun- and men- ratrix of nly child leth, who aliabury, p(\ on the 65 years, lOst pious alike by ty to her 38B to the 3. Arnold 13th, 1787. kelson Ar- cek; mar- ^cr* Vail, rive cbil- dauRhtcr widow of [arch 8th. 3rd. 1789. nniel Hul- vnd ditd 27t,h, 1792, )x; had a II ch 26th, 1791, and married tie. They on. of whose !3rd. 1805. _ appear- e ente-ei ptradu- K,nd 1). C. midBion- of ihe lice. We married ,Bon of '^t. Tied her e he had a 3on and a dftURhter. He was very clever in Voth senses of the term. Home timenftor loavinsr Shediao ho removed to the Unil< d States, nrd for many years conducted a large toarding school in Bordertown. N. J. 1 he uroater part of his life, subsequent to leaving to Now Brunswick, was spent m teachirj?, hut for seme years he pcems to have had cbargo of a phritih. He died in Maryland in 1885. In person the first Rector of Sussex was goodlooking and of commanding appearance; somewhat over six feet in height; and broad- shouldered, though neither very thin nor very stout. His mouth was firm and reso- lute, and his nose prominent and aquiline; his eyes were blue but hiscom^ > .xion rather dark, and his countenance though grave was kindly. In his prime he was of a very active and vigorous habit of body, and as mention- ed above was fond of constant exercise. He delighted in having good horses, and was an excellent rider; which in his times was essential to a successful missionary. There were then no carriages; if there had been the roads were not fit to use them; and for at least twenty years after Mr. Arnold's death all distant appointments were reached on horseback. matters he was honorable, sagacious. He commanded was naturally revered; not so affable as bis son, yet beneath a digniflod and serious manner, which some mistakenly at- tributed to haughtiness, he carried a natve both friendly and genial. He was a tem- perate, moral and good living man; indeed it has been remarked that there was not a single stain upon his character. Though the troubles of the times immedi- ately succeeding his graduation, and the diversitied and urgent matters that en- In business prudent and respect and and though grossed his maturer years, left but little op< portunity for a continuance of his academi- cal studies, yet the gratitude which he con- stantly expressed for the books sent oat by the society, and his frrquent rrquesta for further favors of a similar nature, furnish abundant evidence that his tastes were liter- ary and that the interest in educational affairs which first impelled him to Sussex, and which lasted as long as life itself, was personal and vital, and by no means merely theoretical. The few productions of his pen that are still extant mark him as master of a lucid and nervous style and possessed of a copious and elegant vocabulary. A^ a pastor he was much respected. His style of address was plain and earnest. From the doz-n or more of texts which he is known to have spoken from, it may be inferred that his preaching was practical and profitable rather thun philosophical or profound. He always wrote and read his sermons, many of which were regarded as excellent diBCourses. He was a clergyman zealous for his church and order; energetic in promoting the cause of religion; possibly more attached to matters of form than hia successor, yet assiduous in his attentions to the sick and afflicted, and indefatigable in seeking out the solitary settler and in carrying to all the comforts and oonsolationa of the gospel. His lot was oast in timea fraught with toil, discouragement, privation and suffering for the actors therein, but pregnant with opportunities of doing noble work for their country as w> 11 as for their Ood. His earthly reward it ia to have in- dissolubly connected his name with thia parish and to be forever remembered aa **a workman that needeth not to be ashamed. / THE INDIAN COLI.EGK. I 1 No aooount of the life and work of Mr. Arnold would be complete withoutsome men- tion of the Indian academy or college which was one of the most important of the early Institutions of SuBRex. A few words may tirst be eivid regarding the English society under whose auspices this school was established. The name of John Eliot, "Tl-o Apostle of the Indians," claims an honorable place in the history of New England during the seventeenth century. He was born in Eng- land in the year 1G04, and educated atCam- 1)ridge university, after which he appears to have entered the ministry of the established church. Shortly after his arrival in Boston in 1631, ho conceived the idea of devoting his life to the service of the Americm Indians. After years spent in careful pre- paration he entered upon his work in the year 1646. During the first years of his labors, Eliot kept up a constant correspondence with his friends in Eogland, among whom it should be mentioned were some of the most emi- nent of the non-conformist ministers through whose tfl'orts the interest in his work rapid- ly extended. The consequence was that on the 27th day of July, 1649, the Long Parliament, under the protectorate of Oliver Crom well, passed an ordinance for "The promoting and propagating of the eospel of Jesus Christ in New England by the erection of a corporation to be called by the name of the President and Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in New Eng- land, to receive and dispose of moneys for that purpose." It was further ordered that a general collection should be made in all the parishes in England and Wales on behalf of the work to be promoted for the good of the Indians. So general was the interest manifested that the universities Issued public letters advocatii g the scheme, and the appeal was even extended to the army. By the combined eilorts thus put forth a fund of considerable amount was raised, and this notwithstanding the miserable condi- tion into which England was thrown by the oivil war bo long raging within her borders and not yet concluded. The sum raised was vested in a corpora- tion of which the' first president was Judge Steele and the first treasurer Henry Ash- urst ; and a portion of the money was in- vested in lands yielding a yearly income of five or six hundred pounds. By the assist- ance of the society Eliot was enabled to proceed with the printing of the scripturer in the Indian tongue. After the restoration of the monaruhy, on the 7th day of February, 1662, in the 14th year of the reign of our late Sovereign Lord, King Charles II, the charter of the sosiety was renewed and the powers under it were enlarged; and the corpor- ation was now styled "The Society for the Propagatica of the Gospel in New Eng- land and the parts adjacent in America." The hrst name on the list of the corpora- tion was Lord Clarendon; the Hon. Robert Boyle was appointed governor. The latter was undoubtly the great animating|spirit in England in promoting the new company's work. During his life he devoted much of his time and wealth to the I spir- itual improvement of the nativesof America, and at his death he',bequeathed a handsome legacy to the society. The whole revenue of the'^'corporation does not appear to have exceeded £600 a year, but by means of this they secured the services of from twelve to sixteen mission- aries and teachers, English and Indian — to whom they gave stipends of from £10 to £30. They also erected schools., and sup- plied them with books— many hun- dreds of Eliot's translation of the Bible were circulated amongst the Indians through the assistance of the New Eogland company; and by Eliot's untiring efforts many of the Indian tribes in Massachusetts, Plymouth, Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket were Christianized. The secretary of the S. P. (>,, in'a letter written in 18/8, speaking of the "Company for the Propagation^ of theV Gospel in New England and the Parts Adjacent in Amer- ica," says: "It is still in existence, for it ITS FOUNDATION. 19 )f the the of by the louth, were letter ipaoy New lAmer- for it Ihaa endowmenta, but receives no eubBcrip- tioDS; and I have underBtood that ita gov- ernora are not neceeearily in communion with the Church of England. It was in no aenae the germ of the S. P. G." Thia company ia thertfore not to be con- founded with the society formed about forty yeara later, and commonly known aa "The Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreicjn Parts, ' or more briefly, "the S. P. G." Little ia known here of the particulara of the work of the former company prior to the revolution, but it probably maintained eeveral echoola and mia- aiona in New England and other American colonies. The objecta of the company were, in abort, to civili/e and educate the native Indians; but after the year 17S3 it aeems to have ceaeed ita operations in those parta of America to bentflt which it waa primarily organized, and to have devoted ita attention fxclusively to British North America. On the 14th day of June, 1786, the company appointed as its commissioners or managers in New Brunswick the following gentlemen, viz : The lieutenant governor, Thos. Carle- ton; Hon. G. D. Ludlow, chief justice; Hon. Ixaac Allen, Jonathan Udell, Geo. Leonard, Ward Chipman, Jonathan Bliss, Wm. Paine and John Coffin, empowering them or any three or more of them to engage and pay suitable teachers, and to provide books, clothes and implements for such of the Indians as should profess the Protestant re- ligion, and to place such Indians in English families or with English teachers to be in- structed in the English language and in the trade and mystery of some lawful calling and in other liberal arts and sciences, etc. Under these commisaionera there were established in New Brunswick three Indian schools, viz : one at VVoodstnck, superin- tended by the Rev. Frederick Dibblee; an- other at Shtliield, taught by a man named Gervas Say; and thethird at Sussex, of which, as has been stated elsewhere, the Rev, Oliver Arnold waa undoubtedly the organizer and tirat teacher. When Mr. Arnold took Holy Ordera and became missionary at Sussex he waa succeeded by Mr. Elkanah Morton as master of the Indian school. The iirst school- house, built in 1787, stood in the northeast corner of the lot on which Trinity church ia now located and by the small gate leadinq to that building. The report to the S. P. G. descriptive of Dr. Inglia' episcopal tour in 1792, mentions the school at Sussex as then being under the care of Mr. Morton, who bad between 2U and 30 white suholara be- ■idea eight Indian children. The latter were boarded and clothed in the school aa well aa instructed there, achool at Suasex, that the Indiana whites, and were The bishop visited the and it appeared to him learned as fast aa the fond of aasociatiog with them. They repeated the catechism very fluently, and were alao proflcient in readinc; and writing. The teachers had for yeara a dual function, owing to the amall- nesa of the number of scholara and the in- ability of the white people to pay a aeparato instructor for their children. Aa teacher of the Indian children, the master waa paid by the New England company,, and waa re- sponsible to the commissioners; but in re- spect of the white scholars, he was paid by the S. P. G., and was under the superin- tendence of the misaionary. And thia con« nection with the S. P. G. haa proved a for- tunate one for us, because it ia from the reports of that society we get the moat of our information respecting the working of the Indian achool. In 179 J Mr. Arnold reported the erection of a room for the Indian achool, 80x30 feet, which waa ao conatructed aa to accommodate the EogliKb children aa well as the natives. Thia building was situate very nearly on the site where nowstands the residence of William H. White, Eeq., and faced toward the present post office. The achool room waa in the western end and waa a high and airy apartment, embracing both atorti)s; the end next the Ward's Creek road waa fitted into apartnrenta for the teacher and hia family. The building ia described aa hav- ing been quite long and low and uncouth in appearance. It waa surmounted by a belfry, and around the eastern end and southern side ran a balcony supported on poata, the ataira leading to which were at the end, while under the aide were the doora to the cellaraand storerooms underneath. The land on which the college stood wan conveyed to the company in Auguat, 1793, by Jasper Belding, afterward one of the members of the house of assembly for Kings county. The deed expresses the land to be for the purpose of erecting a building for the use of the natives; and as another deed by Mr. Belding dated October 10th, 1794, mentions the Indian college aa then atand- ing, we may conclude that it waa ready for use in the autumn of that year. The orig- inal lot compriaed all the land bounded eaatwardly by the Ward'a Creek road, northwardly by the old poat road, weat- wardly by lands now owned by Nalson 20 THE INDIAN COLLEGE. 'Ill I' I •' ill li! 1 1 Arnold, Epq., and aruthwardly by theaonth- erly line of Simeon H. White's lot. The area ia atatrd in one deed aa 12 acrcn; but another, which is probably more accurate, givea it aa 17 acrea. Mr. Morton does not ee«'m to have re- mAined more than a year after the new col- lege WAR opened. He was a brother of Capt. Geo. Morton, who came from Cornwallis, N. S., aa one of the first settlers of Pennbs- quia. BIkanah Morton lived for a while at least on the Rober!; Vail farm near the Upper Corner. He was a justice of the peace, and did a considerable portion of t^c simple coDveyannine of those days. His salary from the 8. P. O for instructing the white children waB £15 per ainum, but his stipend as Indian teacher isnotexactly known though probably about the same amount. After leaving Sussex he removed to Digby, N. S., where he became judge of probate for the Western division of Nova Scotia, and judge of common pleas. He alno engaged in trading. He was quite lame, having had a leg shot off by accident at a general muster. He was the grandfather of Finimore E. Morton, Eq , Q C, the present judge of probate for Kings County. The year 1796 seems to have passed with- out any regular teacher in the Indian school, at leaRt no record is extant of that year. In 1797, however, we find a Mr. Jeremiah Rogan wielding the ferule, and receiving from the S. P. G. £IU for teaching the white children; and though very little indeed is now known of him, it may be concluded that he was a satisfactory teacher from the fact that he remained in the company's em- ploy till his death in February or March, 181 5 His salary was only £16 per annum as In- dian teacher, besides about an (qual amount from the S. P G.,and no doubt he managed a farm in addition to teaching. Some plana give the name of Regan on the lots at pre- sent occupied by Thomas Ryan; and it ia clear that a man named Regan lived in that vicinity, from a curious document registered in Kinss county records Ti is is dated Sept 19rh, 1792, and purports to be a "list of Principle Freeholders summoned to cer- tify the necessity of having a road laid from the main road at Allan Wager's bars to the forks of Trout River; also a private road from George Leonard's gate to Jeremiah Regan and Jamea M. Fairchild." Mr. Regan waa thua a person of some local im- portance five years before his apppointment M teacher. Thia old road was well wn aa the "Regan road" long after u~. mlah himself was forgotten. As the lota referred to were afterwarda owned by the last teacher of the academy, whose full numn was Joseph Regan Leg^ett, it is ({uite potttible he was some connection of Jeremiah Reean. The latter died in the winter ot 1815, and at the be- ginning of the next school year, March 24th, 1815, Mr. Walter Dibblee waa placed in charge. This gentleman waa bnrn at Stamford, Conn., about the year 1764; and in the list of the fuinilies that emhaiked for St. John on board the Union Transport at Hunting- ton Ray, April 11th, 178,3, he is stuted to be a farmer by occupation. He was a cousin of the Rev Frederick F'ibbhe and drew lot No 117 in St. John, on the east side of Ger- main street, below Horsfield. Soon after- wards removing to Kingston, he was elected a member of the second veatry of ( hn church there, March 28t.h, 1785 In 1789 he waa appointed school master at Maugerville, having been recommended by the Rev. John Reardaley as son of the old and valuable S. P. G. missionary at Stamford in New England; but in 1791 Mr. Beardsley re- ported to the S. P. G. that Mr. Dibblee had removed to Canada. Just when he returned to New Rrunswick in not certainly known, but from 1795 to 1799 he was again teacher at Maugerville. lu 18U8 he had a school at Kingston, and received trom the N E. com- pany £8 as one year's salary for instructing the Indians there He appears to have con- tinued to teach at Kingston till his removal to Sussex, but as he was paid tor only a few of those years, it may be concluded that there was no regular Ii dian school at Kingston. Walter Bates, who also had come from Stamford, thus refers to Walter Dibblee in his entertaining history of Henry More Smith: "The prison was then (in the autumn of 1814) kept by Mr. Walter Dibble, a man of learning ard talents, who for several years had been btHicted with a painful disease, so that fnr a (treat part of the time he was con- fined to the house, and frtquently to his rotm, in the county court house, where he taught a school, by which means, together with the fees and perquisites of the jail and court house, afi^orded him a comfortable living tor himself and family, coneistingof bis wife atd daughter, and one son named John, about nineteen years of age, who conttant- ly attended his father. It may be alao oeceBBaty to mention that Mr. Dibble was ITS LAST TEACHER. 21 f37 bne of the principal members of the Masonio Lod(i;e held at Kingston and wasia high esteem amoo^ them; besides he was regarded by all who koew him aa a man of houesty and in- tegrity, and well worthy to till any situation of rexponaibility or trust." From the same interestinc work we learn that Mr. Dihbleeileft Km^ . -^n on the 11th of March, 1815, to take charge of the Indian Academy al Sussex. This position he held till failing health obliged him to relioquish it on the 24 ,h of May, 1817. He died on the Idt of the following June, and his son John finished out the school year. The next, and as it proved, the last teacher of the Indian Academy was Joseph R. Leggett. A native ot New York, he had early come to New Brunswick, and had, probably about the year 1798, married Mary, daughter of Dr. John Martin, who lived at PenobK{uia on the farm now occupied by Daniel Mc- Leod. Mr. and Mrs. Leggett had three sons. David Dduison, the eldest, was a highly respected teacher in St. John, and died there Oct. 6ch, 1831, at the age of 32 years; William Martin, the second, was for a while a Methodist minister, and sub- sequently an acbor in the Uaited Status, but is perhaps most favorably known as the first poet of Sussex; Joseph C^imeron, the youngest, married Dec. 31st, MAi; Uhar- Intte Luoretia, fifth daughter of the late Henry Leonard, Esq. Both Joseph R. Leggett and his wife possessed good edu- cation, literary tastes and refined manners, and ^ere considered excellent teachers. They resided in the Academy until the breaking up of that establiahment, after which they retired to their own house, the celebrated Lansdale Cotrage, on the farm mentioned above. Mrs. Leggett died on the 9:h of May, 18.'34, at the age of 76, and her husband in June, 1863, at the age of 96. Ic is not known just when the schools at Sheffield and Woodstock were closed, but probably they did not continue open much later than the year 1800. In March, 1810, it was ordered in a committee of council that a tract of land in the neighborhood of Sussex Vale might be assigned to the In- aians who had been apprenticed out under the direction of the goapel board so soon as their indentures expired, in lots not exceed- ing 50 acrea to any one Indian; to be allotted them under such a title as might secure their possession of their respective lots so long as they should continue to reside on them and to cultivate them, but no power of alieaatioQ to be given them. No lands are known to have been actually granted under these provisions, but they go to show that some endeavors were from lime to time m'ide by the authorities to promote the civilizition of the natives. The Rev. Robert Willis, in his letter to the bishop ut Nova Scotia, which is in- cluded in the S. P. G. report for 182.3, after mentioning the Madras or National school for white children taught by Mr. Leggett, gives some interesting details re- specting the Indian academy. He says: 'The young Indians are taught in the same room with the scholars of the parish, but in separate classes. The number of them is only fourteen and they are instructed en- tirely on the Madras system and appear to make good progress in reading and writing. So far this institution seems well constitut- ed and guarded. '•The Now England company,to whom the establishment belongs and who defray all the expenses attending the civili/. ttion of the youug Indiant, have lately sent Mr. Bromley, the master of the Lancasteriaa school in Halifax, to enquire into the state of the establishment aud the success that might attend an enlargement of the plan of their operations. # ''This college, if properly managed, might J be productive of nmub good. So tar from the Indians manifesting any jealousy or dis- like to the plan they voluntarily bring their children from the woods for admis- sion; the committee have not to seek for or to entice them to come. There are gen- erally more applicants than can be ad- mitted. The plan of the college is, that when the children are admitted and clothed they are apprenticed out to different families in the settlement, who have ^neir services as servants, on condition that they send them at certain times to the college or school for instruction. Several Indians who have been brought up at this college, and are now grown to manhood, are settled in the parish as farmers or mechanics, and seem to manifest no disposition to return to their roviog and savage habits. There is a con- siderable 4'iintity of land btlonging to this institution, but the building ileeii is almost in a state of dilapidation and will soon re- (|uire material repairs." In September of the next year, 1824, Mr. Leggett reports to the N. E. company that twenty-one Indian children had been for the past six months under his tuition and inspection, and apprenticed under Ward Caipman, Eaq., superintendent of ladiaai. if I I n THE INDIAN C'OLI.FXJK. j«i 4 They were of agea ranging from nine years to nineteen, and averaging thirteen years and nine months; and, although the mi%jiti- ty were placed in families near enough to the academy to admit of their daily attend- ance on the classes there, yet several were bound out as far distant as Penob^quis and Norion. It can hardly be suppoHtd that under these circumstances they received a great amount of systematic trainine; indeed, no mention is anywhere made of any at- tempt at any time to teach them more than the catechism and the artsof reading and writing. The following isa copy of one of the inden- tures of apprenticeship, which were drafted by Ward Chipman, Jr., at a cost to the company of £5. "Whereas, the society or company incor- porated in London by royal charter for the propagation of the Gospel in New England, and parts adjacent in America, was insti- tuted for the purpose, among other things, of educating and placing out the heathen natives and their children in Englifh fam- ilies, in some trade, mystery or lawful call- ing; and whereas, Joseph Sis, a native of the Saint John tribe of Indians, in the Province of New Brunswick, is desirous of placing out his son, named John Ketch Sis, in the family of Oliver Arnold, Clerk, of the parish of Sussex, m the County of Kings, in the same province, and the said John Ketch Sis is willing to be placed out in the same family, and the said Oliver Arnold hath consented to receive the said John Ketch Sis into tiis family, to be educated in manner here- inafter mentioned, upon condition of receiv- ing such sum of money for the care, trouble and expense attending the same as the said company in London shall hereafter direct, not exceeding twenty pounds current money of the said Province per year during the term hereinafter mentioned. Now this ladenture witnesseth chat the said John Ketch Sis, an infant of the age of seventeen years, hath put himself, and by these presents, by and with the consent of the said Joseph Sis, his f either, doth voluntarily and of his own free will and accord put himself an apprentice to the said Oliver Arnold to learn the art, trade and mystery of a farmer and after the manner of an apprentice to serve from the day of the date hereof for and during and until the full end and term of four years next ensuing the date of these presents during all which time the said apprentice his said master faithfully shall serve and his lawful commands everywhere readily obey; he shall do no damage to his said master, nor see ic to be done by others without letting or giviner notice thereof to his said master; ho shall not absent himself day nor night from his said master's service without his leave, but in all things behave himself as a faithful apprentice ought to do during the said term; and thesaid master shall uaetheut- most of his endeavors to teach or cause to be taught or instructed the said apprentice in the trade or mystery of a farmer, and pro- cure and provide for him suffioient meat, drink, apparel, lodging and washing fitting for an apprentice during the said term of four years, and shall also endeavor to teach or cause to be taught the said apprentice to read and write, by providing him with proper schooling for that purpose during the said term, and shall also endeavor to teach or cause to be taught or instructed the said apprentice in the principles of the Protes- tant religion, and shall at the end of the said term furnish, supply and give to the said apprentice one full suit of clothes without any compensation therefor, and also one pair of steers worth eight pounds sterling money of drreat Britain, one cow worth four pounds like mone/, one axe worth seven shillings and sixpence like money, and one hoe worth four shillings like money, for all which said last mentioned articles the said company in London shall pay, or cause to be paid to the said master, the said several values over and above the above mentioned allowance. Provided that if the said Oliver Arnold shall not in all things comply with and per- form the said Covenants on his part to be performed, then and from thenceforth the said allowance in money from the said com- pany shall cease and be no longer payable, and also provided always that the said in- corporated company shall be at liberty if they shall think fit; at any time daring the said term, to remove or cause to be removed the said apprentice to any academy, school or college that may be by the said company instituted or established in the said province for the better educating and instructing the said heathen natives, and that from the time of such removal, these presents and every part thereof shall cease to operate; and for the performanceof all and singular the Covenants and agreements aforesaid thesaid parties bind themselves each to the other iirmly by these presents. In witness whereof the said parties have hereunto interchangeably set their hands COST OF ITS MATS'TENTANCR 23 I -^, ^(^^ lave iuda and seals, the eleventh ('n- >ld ea nd ild an )D. Ite he ad h- u- ly ir- 0- or 0- e- to 18 le %t be ih ih i^t kt io TRINITY CHURCH, SUSSEX. MR. MET)LF.Y AND MR, LITTLE. » and poBBPaeed of a correct ear and a refined taste, he did much to increase the love of his parishioners for sacred sone; and not resting satisfied with the introduction into bis church of improved music and hymns, nor with the personal and I persistent train- ing of his own choir, he succeeded by form- ing Glee clubs, and particularly by organ- izing the Choral Union of Kingston I)eaDery, in exetnding a most salutary iiifiuence far beyond his own congrrgation. He was a member of the Royal A»'canum and a Past Master of Zion Lortge, No. 21, F. & A. M.; and also Past Grand Chap- Iain of the Grand Lodge of New Brunswick. He was enthusiastically fond of out-door sports, especially cricket. Thin game seems to have been, indeed, the indirect cause of his death. A severe blow|tfrom a cricket ball left a bruise on his face which devel- oped into a cancer. An operation failed to remove the roots of this dread diseaoe, and after a lingering illness and much sutTuring, borne.withChristian resignation, he expir- ed on the 25 :h day of August, | SH9, leaving his widow surviviog, but no children. The following summary of Mr. Medley's character is taken from the number for No- vember, 1889, of the magnzine which some six years bufore.he.hud established for the Deanery of Kingston: "In each of the several spheres of duty to which he was called in the good providence of God, he proved himself 'an able minister of the New Testament, 'and a faithful son of the Cnurch of England, and a wise and lov- ing pastor of suuls. All his gifts, and they were of no ordinary^kind, were coubecrated to Christ and His church, never enployed for his own self-advancement. Generous, afftictionate, sympathetic, his ear was open to every tale of^jWoe,'^and his hand out- stretched for the relief of the needy and distressed. No pretence so welcome as his in time of rejoicing, no voice more consoliog in the hour of sorrow and bereavement. How well remembered will be his ministra- tions in the house jiof,^ God. How grave and solemn his demeanor; how plain, earnest, and forcible, how in teresting and instructive were his sermons, his rich, melodious voice lending a peculiar charm to all he said. la the celebration of the Divine Mysteries, and in all the dfijea of religion, the deepest reverence marked his every action, as became a faithful priest in the temple of the most high God. His refined taste in music and architecture gave him a eiogular advantage in building churches, and in elevating the character of Divine'worship, not only in his own parish, but throughout the Deanery of Kingston. That such an one should be personally popu- lar with the clergy of all schools of thought, and that he should have received marks of his diocesan's favor, and his breth- ren's affection and confidence, can- not, surely, awaken any surprise. The unanimous choice of the clergy, he filled the ( IHce of Rural Dean of Kingston for many years, with no less credit to himself than advantage to the Deanery. Mainly owing to his wise and able administration the Deanery has attained a degree of effi- ciency which is not surpassed, if, indeed, it be (quailed by any other. Selected from among the clergy by the unanimous voice of clergy and laity in the Synod assembled, he always discharged his duties of Secre- tary with (qual ability aud courtesy. It is not easy to estimatR the loss which the parish of Sussex and the Deanery ot Kingston, the Synod and the church in the whole diocese have sustained by his death." The R«v Henry William Little, sixth Rector of Sussex, fwas born January 23rd, 1848, at Terrington, King's Lynn, Norfolk, England. His father was head master for forty years of the High School in that place. Five of his pupils became clergymen, and several distinguished at the bar and in the army. Three of his sons are in Holy Orders of the Church of Eogland and all are bene- ficed clergymen. Mr.lLittle received his early education from Rev. R A VVhalley, son of the mis- sionary who succeeded the Rev. H N. Arnold at Granville. Having graduated at Cambridge, Mr. Whallev became Classical Master of the King Ed- ward's Grammar School at King's Lynn, and curate in charge of the village of Ter- rington. From his care Mr. Little proceed- ed to Sr. Augustine's College, Canterbury, where,"after a four years' course, he gradu- ated and received his diploma and the special hood granted by his grace the archbishop to the students cf that institution who pasi their course with honors.^ He was'ordained at Winchester Cathedral on Trinity Sunday, 1874, by the'Rt. Rev. Harold Brown, D. D , Lord Biahop/)f Winchester, the well known author of the Commentary on the 39 Articles. He immediately went to Madagascar in com- pany with^Dr.^Cornish, (bishop of that island, and several other clergymen, for the purpose of opening up missions in that island Having reached Madagascar in September of so THE RECTOES OF SUSSEX. 1874, he took charge of the east or outside coast, where the climate was so bad that no Eoglish clergyman had hitherto been able to continue exuept for a few months. Ho remained there for six years, in the course of which he organized fourteen stations, and built So. James' Church at Andevoracto, the old Arab Slave Market of the East Coast. This was the first consecrated church in Madagascar, largely built and beau- tifully tiniahed, with a nave, choir and chan- cel holding eight hundred people. His congregations there included 500 natives, chittiy slaves and slave holders and sol- diers of the Hova garrison of the place. He had more than one interview with the Prime Minister of the Citpital ot the Island, and assisted in passing a law for compul- sory education, for which eflorts he re- ceived the thanks of the Government as well as the Queen. He resigned his work in the island at the end of 1870, and re- turned to Eogland, and after some months spent at Oxford took charge of the parish of Cheadle, the populous suburb of Manchester, the rector of that parish having received leave of absence for a year. He then had, for nearly two years, sole charge of the par- ish of Healey Masham, York, in the diocese of Ripnn. In 1882 he was called to take part in the great London mission, organized by Bishop Temple, when he labored in the parish nf Regent Square, London, with the Rev E. Steele, Rector of St. Neot's, Cornwall, as Co- missioner. Having settled at Forest Hill, near Crystal palace, he officiated as curate in charge of St. i:'aurs in that place and as- sisted in the church of St. George's, Perry Hi'l. Afterwards, by special license of the Bishop of Rochester, he acted as curate of the Rev. E. Robinson of St. Lawrence, Catford. Having accepted a call to Canada, he sailed from Liverpool on the 5th of Decem- ber, 1880, and reached Fredoric^on in time to take part in the services at the cathedral on Christmas day. He was licensed by the Bishop of Fredericton on December '26th, 1880, and instituted to Sussex on Friday, '28rd of January, 1890, and inducted on the following Monday. Mr. Little is the author of several works, biographical and theological. One volume of his sermons, published by SktHingtons, London, reached the fourth edition; and another, "Arrows for the King's Archers," has been recently published bv Thos. Whit- taker & Co., Bible House, N. Y. [The writer desires to thank all whose information has assisted him in pro- paring the forr going article. Besides var- ious members of the different families men- tioned, he is particularly indebted to the Rev. W. 0. Raymond, rector of St. Mary's church, St. John, N. B ; the Rev. K. B. Glidden, late pastor of the Congregational church, Manslield Centre, Conn.; Mr. Ray Greene Huling, of New Bedford, Mass,, and Mr. Robert S. Barker of the Crown Land Office, Fredericton, N. B] Ebuatum.- The woicl "ajipointecl" in the tenth line on imge 9 should be "ordained.' AB- ry he of 36, he li- no al ho h, y. 1, of "• id