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V To the Senators of Toronto University, and Subscribers to and Members of the Council of Trinity University; The action of Trinity College in its recent request for affiliation with Toronto University, brings us face to face with the very grf.ve questions whether such a proposal shoul : ^t.ened to. and whether such a scheme can be • ., carried out. Trinitv College was brought i, o .enc. in absolute opposition to Toronto I niversu> -whi : i was declared to be a "god- less College."-" an unclean thing" from which th-^y were to fly, and with which no honest, conscientious member of the Church of England could, under any circumstances, have aught to do. The funds that were subscribed to build and to en- dow Trinity College were all furnished on the basis of Its being an independent College, absolutelv separated uZem^'"'''"'' "'' ""'' "'' ^-^-- temple of The foundation principles on which Trinitv College was founded, are alleged by its founders to be diam- etrically opposed to those on which Toronto Universitv IS based. ' •' .1,'^nl^T^''''^^ ^"^ ^ exclusively for members of the Church of England, with its teaching ever per- vadiiig its classes— a propagandic establishment for members of that Church. The latter was to be a Uni- versity for all students— open to all; around which Theological Colleges of the various religious bodies would cluster, receive the benefit of the instruction, so far as there given, and, supplement it by the re- ligious education given by the Divinity Colleges in affiliation with the University. In the early days of the controversy which resulted in the Constitution which each University now has, the family compact, of which the late Bishop Strachan and Sir John Beverley Robinson were the foremost figures, opposed the Constitution of Toronto Uni- versity as strenuously as it sustained that of Trim'ty T University. When the latter was brought into existence, its first Chancellor was Sir John Beverley Robinson. On his death, his son-in-law, the late Senator Allan, succeeded him in this office. On his death, the son of the first Chancellor, Christopher Robin.son, Esq. , K.C. , takes the place of his father. The descendants of the family compact, approving the position taken by their an- cestors, endorsed their action by continuing to accept the highest office in the gift of the University. In order to understand this question, it is necessary to recall what took place during the twenty-five years prior to 1850— the year in which Trinity College was brought into existence. In answer to the most violent attacks that were made, when it was proposed to pass an Act constituting a University for the general advantage of the whole community, rather than only for that which was called the National Church, Lord Goderich wrote an explan- atory letter to Sir John Colborne, the Lieutenant- Governor of Upper Canada, on the and November. 1 83 1, the following passages from which, show the position then taken by the supporters of such legis- lation : — •There can be no doubt thatthnt institution (KiuRH College) was estab- .ished with the view of giving to the P-ovince of Upper Canada the benefit of complete instruction in all tie higher branches of knowledge, and of connecting, in the minds of the provincial youth, those associations which belong to the seat of earl- lucation, with their future progress in life "in 18 greatly to be reg. 1 that any thing in the constitution of the «» abltshment should have e .led to counteract, if not to defeat this laudable design, and. practically, to deprive the Province of the advantage which was contemplated from its adoption. It cannot, however, be denied that the exclusive and restrictive character given to King's College has had this effect ; and a plan, which was intended to bring together and to har- monize, in the pursuit of the common object of useful knowledge all classes of His Majesty's subjects, has had the opposite effect of causing uneasiness, complaint and dissension. "It may. therefore, be assumed that experience has demonstrated that under the peculiar circumstances of Upper Canada, a college with restrictive tests IS altogether inoperative for any usef" I purpase, and that all that is wanted is such a system of regulations u be established by a law of the Province, for the management of the institution of the Upper Canada College, as might give it the requisite extension ai > development without subjecting It to any qualiScation calculated to render it unpopular in the ■eyes of those various classes of the community for whose benefit, as well as for that of the Church of England, it is established. "Under these circumstances. I am to convey, through you, to the mem- ben, of the Corporation of Kind's College, the earnest recommendation and advice of His Majesty's Government, that they do forthwith surrender to His Majesty, the Charter of King's College of Upper Canada, with any lands which may have been grai.ted to them " It can scarcely be necessary to say that no part of the endowment of the College would ever be diverted from the great object >f the education of youth. It must be regarded as a fund sacredly and permanently appro- priated to that object. I presume that the general concurrence of all classes of «clety m.y be .ntJcipated in favour of the erection of • ne^ Colle.r upon ■ more enUrged U»i- "'-' y^ournr "But it cannot be the interest of any cIsm of Chri.tian« to be an object ..f Jealouay. perhap. of dislike, to thow who. differing upon certain poinU of Je'Snt' f^l'"^"""'; r '"r""*'^" ''"^'^^ 'y ^' effi^'^f That dif- inireJL!.y;:i„'e"«c?ar' '»-"*"•;•-"»•«" -*ver«ny deaired. because J.'Jh*"!'""^/!*''.**'*^''""''' "' ^"»''""' '"'«' '««>'»«» the peculiar » r^r I" J ^*' '*"^ "'•""• *" *"* •"***"» °' • population of whom sTJarKe LC^IhemTo h'""^'"""/'';''!""' "P*"'"""- ''«'""-'' that situation M^ K* . the chance of painful collision with large masses of their fellow-subjects ; and how much the extension of theirown Church depends upon the absence of all grounds for such collision. «epenas At a subsequent date when it was thought proper again to state the case of those approving of sucli legislation, and to reply to the continued and bitter attacks of Bishop Strachan, and those acting with him in the matter, the then Governor- General, Lord Elgin, prepared a State document, which was forwarded to Karl Grey on the 4th February, 1851, from which the following extract is taken : — " I can teke it upon myself, however, to affirm that the framers -,{ t^ -v constitution while they h. ^e felt strongly the importance. witT"- o the moral and social interests of the community, of bringing the youth of h» country together for instruction in the higher benches of s^lar L^"!!!"?.!," T '•'"P*^"''"*^*''" ^""^'^ ^hem that this object cannot be obtamed ..denominational teaching be introduced into the ^iv?S most emphaucally and earnestly repudiate the intention of thereby «! moving religion from its fitting place in the scheme of a perfect edu^Jion on the contrary, they have always hoped and believed thS tJ^rS^f the' severa denominations would induce them to provide Schools or Colleges in the vicuuty of the University for the religious training of theyouth of Seir respecuve communions. They entertain the conviction that a Utter security for the faith and morals of the Students attending the UnlveVs tv will be furnished by these means than could be suppU^VbyZZ^^ Sr-Tv.™"''" '" ""'"^'^ ''°""«^"- ^ ^>-^'^™ which seekingtocomb,n" objects mtheir nature incompatible, offered in effect to the members of one «,mmunion a scanty and imperfect measure of religious train^S wh»e U left the youth of other denominations, whom it equally prit^S^ to educate in this respect, wholly unprovided for." Proposed to The objections to the endowment of a University on the foundation desciibed by Lor.' Goderich and Lord Elgin, are found in a petition presented by Dr Strachan, the then Bishop of Toronto, to the Legis- latn-e Assembly. Novemljer. ,843, in which he uses the following language : — ''X^L!!l?!!L"jiilJ"t deeniH it in,,K,sHibU- for your Honourable Hous* to CPU, t enanc a mcanure mo dead ly t o the In-.t int erestTT.f .l^JT -" ^^^" .3S£SsS: f "^ "^''"T"" "'•""">■ '"'*""' "'* same instftuHon an .inl.ni.ted number of sec ts, whose doctrir cH are absolutely i' condlable ■ a principle ,« „m nature atheistical and «o moli5tT5uH~h.-1fs con .rquTH^' that, f successfully carried out, it would utt7riFd^S?iryWTh^i,^5^ tS^S^''4^-^ ""' "°""' '^^ to KrenterLTHTplS^VnT! th.uK adopted ^uring^ thjgj..adness of the French Ri^^oS^he, -'hat R«^ iTwithon^^ n f "*^ Suchajat^l_dep«rtu .om all th .. „ ?ood^«jwi^_a_parallel .n the history of^h^w^d ^iiS^-hrd'eed- ;TaH:.SS'~°-^T »^"^J^«^Kome. which to^leLs'S'; S^s with her owr""'- ^^''^^^-"'^^ »" ^g^ggj^ their impure idol- isl'oltr'?,,"''!'^"'' '*'''' «'™'''''''P^""P''^' the second object of the Bill •• The thfrd """' *''""'" °' ''"^ ^^""•'^"'''y °f Kings ColleKC. Rovl, nr P'-°"""^"t object of this dea dly measu re is to retrain the th?eitrhtT' '"• 7*""' "** •'°-^'"' ChartiFTh-STrhn.7ture be gramed for li^en t h "' !.' '"^ •''"""""'^ "»'«**^«^' -'»»' Po-^r to confe7degrees «»cept the proposed In.stitution. a.,d which is to be constituted a comS cZTf'^H r'SiL""' °'>"''"' ' ^^"^ ^*^'*"^'^- -'^ - trpr^crety cmss of Her Majesty's subjects, whatever their wishes may be 'rom escaping its t>Tann|caUndnitol>> rant provisi ons to holdout tht?S^rirt'''^''*r' — ri^Siro^. ;ince it' not oniy attempts :^;::;;:?t;7:hrcrntrj"^. ^^.^^":"" ^^»' -- •^^ --Cr;: " The most prominent result of such an experiment as that of uniting If It be. as your memorialSTis conyinced.-bSS^dT^^rincipWs" at on".,; incongigtent with the righu of conscience, and of oivi: and reliffious liberty. . " — = "Should your memorialist unhappily fail in arresting the further progress of this fatal Bill." In a letter, dated March, 1844, written by the same Bishop, Dr. Strachan, to Sir Charles Metcalfe, as Chan- cellor of the University of King's College, he again continues his attack on the proposed legislation : — " If the hideous scheme (or as it is described by our friends in England, ' a project glaringly opposed to every principle of justice, equity and law ') proposed during the last session had become a law " It is not in the nature of things that confidence and respect can ever attend a seat of learning , where if a Church is stwken of. it must be a Church without government ; and where, if religion is taught, it must be religion without doctrine." Subsequently, in March, 1846, the Bishop wrote a letter to the Earl of Cathcart, then administering the government of the Province, from which the following extract is taken : — " If the College had been allowed to go into operation under its original Charter, then the state of things would have been this : it would have been understood and known to be a seat of learning In connection with the National Church, and in which only the doctrines of that Church would be taught, and its form of public worship maintained. To prevent division, and any danger of those intrigues and struggles for ascendancy which the rivalry of opposing sects is apt to engender, the Council were required to beof one Church." Again the Bishop returns to the attack, April, 1849, in a petitition presented to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada : — " That such an utter interdiction of everything religious, as this Bill seeks to establish by I^egislative enactment, is without precedent among Chris- tian nations, and can never be submitted to by men really serious and in earnest. An institution which drives all those who, from their living faith, warmth of disposition and sincerity of purpose, are the best qualified to train the young to all that is pure, lovely and sublime in religion, and 6 noble in science, must become the abhorrence of Christian parents, who can look upon it in no other light than that of an infidel College, dead to an sense of religious truth, and unworthy of the blessing of Heaven." . . . "Your petitioner farther submits that, should this measure become law. the noble endowment granted by our late Sovereign for the support of King's College, will be wasted in the vain attempt to susUin a University u pon a system which enlightened reason and conscience must ever condemn , which is not sanctioned by experience in any age or country, nor, as your petitioner believes, by the feelings and opinions of any considerable num- ber of those (of whatever religious denomination) who can best appreciate tht objects of a University education, and who alone are likely to avail themselves of its advantages for the instruction of their children." " That your Petitioner need scarcely declare to your Honourable House that the United Church of England and Ireland can have no connection with such" an institution ; for she is txmnd by her interpretation of Christ- ian truth, as embodied in her articles and formularies, to repudiate and reject a system of education not founded on religious principles , "That not only will the members of the Church of England be virtually ex- cluded from all participation in the proposed College, but the Roman Cath- olics also ; from the utter proscription of religion, the substance and mar- row of all education, as is declared in their Petition for aid to their Col- lege at Kingston, now before your Honorable House. Nor is there any good ground for assuming that either the Presbyterians or Methodists, or any of the other numerous and respectable Denominations, will patronize an institution where the name of the Saviour is never heaid. And those who have Colleges of their own will cling to them more closely than ever, for the Government ci»n offer them nothing so valuable as that which they are requested to give up. Their Charters place them, in honour, by the side of the British Universities ; but were they so regardless of their honour and interests as to listen to the invitations^Tlhis Bill, they would ■ sink into deserved contempt . . . " From all which your Petitioner, with all due respect to your Hononr- able House, enters his most solemn Protest in behalf of the Church of England against this Bill, and the provisions thereof as most injutfous to her interests, and subversive of her just rights and privileges— as uncon- stitutional. and pregnant with future evils, both to Upper a nd I/jwer Canada ." This was followed by a petition from the same parties, to the Queen, which contains the following paragraph : — " That your Majesty's humble petitioners need scarcely represent that they were filled with grief and dismay at this unjust and ungodly act of legislat ion, unexampled as t hey bel ieve in Britis hhigtory. and that they ca«^havejwconfid«,ce in, or connexion with, an educational institution \ru J I '"**'^ **^ P'^y" *"** P™'»* *^*° ^^er be heard, and from "^f .u\:^ V*^""*"* "' *" religious services -the acknowledgment of the Deity and belief in the Saviour ai« excluded " Which they followed by a petition to the English Parliament, in which these expressions are used :— "Instead of being religious, the leading feature is the total exclusion of all Christian worship, and so horrible are its tone and provisions on this important point that it even prosc.ibes clergymen from giving any pro- fessional instruction whatever on the most important of all subjects. Such an utter interdiction of everything religious as this Act seeks to establish, iswithout preceden t among Chri sti an nations. It drives away all those who from their living Faith, warmth of disposition, and sincerity of pur- pose are oest qualified to train the young to all that is lovely and sublime in religion, pure in morals, and noble in science " Your I^ordships' Petitioners would further represent, that an Act so iniquitous and unjust could never, as they believe, have passed but for the unhappy union of the two Provinces "Your I.ordships' Petitioners most respectfully represent, that neither ine clergy nor the conscientious members of the Church can have any con- necuon with a JTiiiversUyjuch as th e Act esUblishes. whi ch repudiates religion, and in which the voice of praise is never to be heard. "Your I^ordships- Petitioners ftel sadly humbled thus to be compelled to supplicate for relief from an act of complica ted oppression, which seeks without cause to crush the National Church, and even to peril her exist- ence in Upper Canada ; and not ..nly this, but tojhackle the minds and des troy the eternal hopes of the rising generatio n, by ^^iT^iihi^llSSTo adopt a system of education which as ChristiansT.ey must always abhor • and all this, it would appear, for no other renson than that your I.ordships' Petitioners belong to the Church which the Sovereign has sworn to main- tain inviolate, and have been ever faithful to the Crown." The historian of Trinity College thus sums up the arguments of Bishop Strachan and his coadjutors against the scheme of Toronto University , and in favor of that of Trinity College :— " The ver>- presence of these various Theological Colleges would have a most injurious effect : because the miversity of Toronto, which proscribes religion, and treats all its forms as matters of indifference, will have no disposition to enforce upon those Pupils, who belong not to these affiliated 8 ■/ h Colleges, any reverence for holy things. Hence from the very first we shall have a corps of infidels growin g up. and like the wicked, eager to make proKlytes. stirring up strife among the youth attached to the d ifferent Collges^and holding up the Colleges themselves as a proof that there is no difference as to the comparative goodness between them ; that the op- posite opinions that they hold, shew that truth and falseho od are the same ; that even the faith once delivered to the saints is of no value ■ that t he most pernicious heresy ever broached is harmless ; and that every'man has a right to interpret the Scriptures as he pleases] " such a collection of Theological Colleges would become of itself a sort of standing pr otest against Gospel truth, and be one of the most successful methods ever imagined of holding it up to the contempt and ridicule of flagititious men. But, if we take the matter still more closely, we shall find that the discipline and order of the affiliated Colleges could never be made to harmonise with those of the University of Toronto, and more ♦specially with that belonging to the Church of England. " Besides, every sect may have its College, or apology fpr a College, and thus a public sanction be given to all opinions, however mischievous and contradictory, and we should have Socinian. Mormonite, and Sweden- borgean Doctors of Divinity, a result which would bring all such degrees into utter contempt. In fine, the very fact of the Church affiliating its College with such a University would indicate a tacit consent to its irre- ligious principles ; hence nothing is left to the honest and sincere of all Christian denominations but to fly from the uncl ean thing. " Finding that every effort to arrest the destruction of King's College had proved unavailing, and knowing that it was impossible for the Church to recognize the institution founded on jtsjjiin. as the only resource left to him in furtherance of the great object of his life, the I,ord Bishop addressed the following pastoral to the clergy and laity of the diocese. " From this pastoral of the Bishop, issued in the year 1850, the following extracts are made : — 'On the 1st day of January, 1850, the destruction of King's College as a Christian Institution was accomplished. For on that day the Act estab- lishing the University of Toronto, by which it was suppressed, came into force. " There was, to the last, some lingering hope that a measure so pernicious would have been arrested. " — " It was known that inquiries had been made concerning it by statesmen of high consideration, and that it had not been formally sanctioned by the Imperial Government late in October. But no effectual impediment has yet intervened ; and for a time at least, the experi ment of a U niversity from wKich the worship of God is excluded, i s to be tried in Upper Canada I «ay, for a time, because it ia acarcely credible that such an ioatitution can bcjong^suffered i n a Chri stian country, or if, unhappily, suffered, tha t it c an prosper. ~~ — •• Hence, a seat of learning devoid of, or hostile to, our common Christianity, must forfeit all title to confidence , and become the worst o f all places o f mental training for the children of a Christian people " Never, perhaps, in the history of the Church, did a single case more completely prove th* influence of party spirit in corrupting the heart, and warping and entangling the judgment, till it had acquired a moral obliqui- ty, incapable of distinguishing right from wrong, tr uth from falsehood, than the destruction of King's College " And, yet, because a small but turbulent minority declared against it, a weak ministry hab been found to decree its suppression, and the esUblish- ment of an institution in which no Christ iar can confide •' Its three leading features — contempt for the people, enmity to religion, and disloyalty to their Sovereign — are each of them offensive to large and influential parties "This act of unscrupulous injustice, " Under the delusion o f liberalism and expedienc y, the twin sisters of i nfideli ty, they betrayed the cause which they were bound by every bacred duty andnght feeling to protect " No Statute passed since the Union of the Provinces has lowered the chara cte r of the Canadian Legislat ure so much as that which destroys King's College "I shall have completed my seventy-second year before I can reach I^ondon, of which more than fifty years have been spent in Upper Canada ; and one of my chief objects, during all that time, was to bring King's Col- leee into active operation ; and now, after more than six years of increasing prosperity, to see it destroyed by s tolid ignorance and presumption, and the voice of prayer and praise banished from its halls, is a calamity not easy to bear " One of the meetings held by the Vestry of St. George's Church, fairly represents the feeling aroused against the Toronto University and the foundation on which it IS built : — " And who knows how soon, if present principles go unchecked, there may be seen on this continent, as the Old World has seen, Christianity trampled under foot-the 'Big ha' Bible," hauled in derision at the Uil of an ass— and the infidel priests of an infidel generation tearing off the ecclesiastical garments, and announeing their adherence to a religion of * liberty, equality, ami morality ;' and another Voltaire and another lO f' Marat, fit represntatives of atheism and raurder, declaring the creed of the people to be,—' Death is an eternal sleep.* " This is further illustrated by the sermon of the Reverend Dr. Bethune, subsequently, the Bishop of Toronto, preached at the laying of the corner stone of Trinity :— " Could we, in contemplation of the dark cloud, and repulsive chill of in- Sdelity. which a public infatuatio n had brought upo>. our highest hall of science, help being affected by this Gospel verity, emblazoned as it is upon the very forefront of its holy records, ' Whatsoever is not of faith is sin ? ' And impressed in our inmost hearts with this solemn conviction, could we. as a veritable branch of the Church of God. do otherwise tnan part com- pany with an institution which has been made to yield so entirely to the cl amours and influence of her enemie s ? " We object further to a system which would lerognize the l:.wf 4lness of religious division , and stri ke at the foundation of the unity of the Church. in countenancing an assemblage of sects and parties , with an equality of claim and pretension, a round what we are constrained to term a gorgeous temple of infide lity." And finally, on the 15th January, 1852, at the cere- mony of inauguration connected with the College, the Bishop, in his address, said : — " On the 7th of February, 1850, or abo' sought to destroy. Toronto University continues on the same foundation. How can the donations to Trinity be misapplied in its union with this "godless infidel College," this " un- clean thing," this "gorgeous temple of infidelity," based on "wrong and robbery," to destroy which. Trinity was brought into existence. I am not dealing with the humiHation and ignominy 15 involved in the present representatives of Trinity swal- lowing the vocabulary which it has used in seeking to build itself up and to cas* down Toronto University ; but I deal simply with the legal or equitable position,— can the rights of the benefactors of Trinity be ab- solutely ignored and their moneys be used to procure an alliance absolutely abhorred by them ? Even the extreme needs of Trinity, at the present time, could not lawfully be made a ground for so shameful an act. ? ? ? January, 1902. 16