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What Practical Railroad Men ^ay of Thenl. 
 
 13. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Gentlemen— 1 have your favor and heg to say that the Tilden 
 Improved VVrec'cing Frogs is all that could be desired for the pur- 
 pose of replacing engines and cars. I have had occasion to take 
 charge of wrecks personally, where I found the frogs of great ser- 
 vice in replacing engines and cars. I do not see how they could be 
 impioved upon in any way. 
 
 M. F. bONZANC), Gen'l Sup't Phila. & Reading R. R Co., 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Gentlemen -1 have put your Improved Wrecking Frogs to the 
 severest test and they have given the best satisfaction in every case. 
 P'or replacing derailed cars or engines they are the best I have ever 
 used. C. W. COLKM.AN. Gen'l Despatcher. 
 
 N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R., West .Afbany, N. Y. 
 
 B. E. Tilden Co. Green Bay, Wis. 
 
 Gentlemen— Would respectfully call your attention to the fact 
 that we have your Car and Locomotive Replacing Frogs in our 
 V "Tcking outhts and can most honestly state that they are far 
 superior to any other wrecking frog used on any railroad in this 
 vicinity, and that any railroad company would save time and expense 
 by having them placed in cabooses, engines and baggage cars. 
 Would add that tney are all, if not more, than you represent them 
 to be. Yours truly, 
 
 W. B. WOOLFORD, Trainmaster, C. M. & St. P. Ry. 
 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Gentlemen— The Rerailing Frogs you sent us are giving excellent 
 satisfaction. We have had occasion to use them under derailed loco- 
 motives and several cars, and they have done the work much quicker 
 and easier than the old frogs, and not going to the blacksniith^sslhtp 
 tor repairs, as with the old. and I consider them far ahead of any- 
 thing we have ever used foi replacing derailed engines and cars. 
 
 E. RICH \RDSON. M. M., P. S. & L. E. R. R., Greenville, Pa. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Gentlemen--As to the working of your Replacing Frogs and the 
 tests to which I have put them, I will say I have thoroughly tried 
 them with cars and engines, in the yard and on the road, and they 
 have never failed to do all that you claimed for them. 1 consider 
 tliem by far the best wrecking frogs I have ever seen or used. 
 
 R. H. BRIGGS, M. M., K C. M. & B. R. R., Memphis, Tenn. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 We have the Tilden Replacing Frogs in our tool cars and in use 
 generally as a standard. They give hrst-class satisfaction. 
 
 AVERY TURNER, Sup't A. T. & S. F. R. R., Newton, Kas. 
 
 B E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Gentlemen— Replying to your favor I beg to sav that your Replac- 
 ing Frogs are the best that ever came under my" notice. They give 
 us entire satisfaction. Yours truly, 
 
 J. J. CASEY, Ass't Supt. Machinery, I. C. R. R., Chicago, 111. 
 
 B. E, Tilden Co. South Chicago, III. 
 
 tientlemen— After an experience of eighteen years in train service, 
 I do not hesitate to pronounce your make of Replacing Frogs by far 
 the best frogs I have ever used, both for efficiency and being easy 
 to handle. M. M. RICHEY, Sup't Calumet & Blue Island Ry. 
 
 B. E. Tilden Co. Freeport, Pa. 
 
 Gentlemen— We have used your Wrecking Frogs for the last three 
 years and they have given satisfaction in every instance. 
 
 H. N. MILLER, Supervisor Pa. R. R. Co. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Gents— Yours received and am glad to hear from you. In reply 
 would say I have your Replacing Frogs, and would not be without 
 them. They are first class in putting on both cars and engines. 
 
 C. S. YOUNG, Supervisor Penua. R. R. Co., Jamesburg, N. J. 
 
 the • 
 tion. 
 
'henl. 
 
 the Tilden 
 for the pur- 
 ion to take 
 »f great ser- 
 iy could be 
 
 ? R. R Co., 
 Jelphia, Pa. 
 
 'ogs to the 
 every case. 
 I have ever 
 
 patcher, 
 
 bany, N. V. 
 
 Bay, Wis. 
 
 to the fact 
 rogs in our 
 liey are far 
 oad in this 
 ind expense 
 ?gage cars, 
 esent them 
 
 St. P. Ry. 
 
 iig excellent 
 jraiied loco- 
 uch quicker 
 niith ssli )p 
 lead of any- 
 iid cars, 
 enville, Pa. 
 
 gs and the 
 ughly tried 
 1, and tliey 
 1 consider 
 sed. 
 iphis, Tenn. 
 
 and in use 
 )n. 
 ;wton, Kas. 
 
 our Replac- 
 They give 
 
 "hicago, 111. 
 
 :ago. III. 
 ain service, 
 ''rogs by far 
 being easy 
 sland Ry. 
 
 PORT, Pa. 
 e last three 
 
 . R. R. Co. 
 
 ii. In reply 
 be without 
 engines, 
 sburg, N. J. 
 
 ti.E. Tilden Co. GanburV, CouH. 
 
 Gentlemen— Soon after r'eceiving the Replacers ordered from you 
 an enjfine and ten freight cars were derailed at South Norwalk, and 
 by using two pairs of Replacers, everything was on the track and 
 clear in 45 minutes after the arrival of the wrecker. I consider your 
 Replacers the best device I have eve/ seen for replacing derailed 
 cars or locomotives. Very truly yours, 
 
 F. C. P.WNE, Supt. N. v., N H. & H. R, R. R. 
 B.E. Tilden Co. Aurora, III. 
 
 Dear Sirs— We are using your Replacing Frogs on this division, 
 and have tested them several times in replacing engines and cars. 
 We think there are no replacing frogs equal to them. We have had 
 engines square across the track, and have turned and replaced the 
 engine on tfie track in one and one-half length of the engine with 
 your replacing frogs, which cannot be done with any other replacing 
 frog that I have seen. Your replacing frogs in the hands of men 
 who know how to use them will recommend themselves. 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 F. J. CULLENHIVE, Trainmaster, Chicago Div. C. B. & Q. R. R. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Gentlemen— Some time ago our wrecking cars were furnished with 
 the "Tilden Wrecking Frogs." They have given perfect satisfac- 
 tion. Our wrecking foremen say they are the best they ever used. 
 
 JAMES GEDDES, Sup't L. & N. R. R., Nashville, Tenn. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Gentlemen— The Wrecking Frogs purchased of you some time ago 
 are giving entire satisfaction, and in my opinion no railroad should 
 be without them. 
 
 C. H. WARBURTON, M. M., C. L. & W. R. R., Lorain, O. 
 B. F. Tilden Co. Chicago, III. 
 
 Gentlemen -We have thoroughly tested your Replacing Frogs 
 sent us some time ago. They have proven themselves much superior 
 to anything lieretotore used by us. I consider them the best thing 
 of the kind in use, and am highly pleased with them. 
 
 Yours respectfully, 
 E. M. SPENCER, Gen'l Y'd Master, L. N. A. & C. R'y. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. Montgomery, Ala. 
 
 Gentlemen— The Tilden Locomotive and Car Replacing Frogs are 
 the best device for the purpose I have ever seen. They have given 
 perfect satisfaction. I would not like to be without them, 
 
 JAS. E. WORSWiCK, Master Mechanic A. & W. P. R. R. 
 
 Gentlemen— I must say in regard to your Wrecking Frogs that 
 they are all that you claim for them in the way of merit. I think 
 that they are the best replacers that I have ever seen. We have 
 them in six of our wrecking outfits. We have tried them under 
 severe tests, such as putting on mogul and consolidated engines and 
 loaded cars, and always found that they work satisfactory. 
 J. R. HOFF, Foreman Car Repairs, Mo. Pacific R'y Co.. DeSoto, Mo. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. New York City. 
 
 Gentlemen— We have used your Frogs under all conditions that any 
 replacing frog could be used in replacing both cars and engines on 
 track, and also have used them at different times in slewing trucks 
 that were askew and not in line - 8 to 10 inches away from tne rail— 
 and found they did all you claim for them in both cases. 
 
 Yours truly, IRA A. McCORMACK. 
 „ _ _ Train Master, N. Y. C. & H. R R. R. 
 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Dear Sirs— Regarding the working of your Wrecking Frogs, I 
 must say that they worlc satisfactory in every respect, and 1 like 
 them better than any others. They are simple and any common 
 laborer can place them. I have replaced a 50 ton ten wheeler and 
 several light engines with them, and they work very nicely. 
 
 PETER H. PECK, M. M , C. & W. Ind., R. R. and the Belt R'y. 
 Co. of Chicago, Chicago, 111. 
 
B. E. Tildcn Co. St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Gentlemen— 1 have several times had occasion to put your Wreck- 
 ing Frogs to the severest possible tests and each time found them to 
 do all that is claimed for them. They are especially useful in replac- 
 ing derailed locomotives. Vours truly, 
 
 J. B. KENDALL, G. Y. M., Mo. Pacihc Ry. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. White Plains. N. V. 
 
 Gentlemen -In regard to the Wrecking Frogs ordered of you 
 would say that I consider them the simplest and best replacers that 
 have ever been used on our wrecking trains. We have had occasion 
 to use them for replacing locomotive and passenger cars^nd they 
 have always worked with ease. 
 
 C. L. KU.SSITER, Sup't N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 Gentlemen— We think your replacers the best that are made. 
 Yours truly, J. R. RENIFF. M. C. H . 
 
 Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry., Norwalk, O. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Gentlemen— As to the service of your Wrecking F'rogs; '.ve have 
 used them extensively for the last five or six years, and 1 Jiave always 
 found them to be very efficient and the best frogs of the kind 1 have 
 ever used. Yours truly. W. B. THROOP, Supt. 
 
 Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R.. Galesburg, 111. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Gentlemen— All of our locomotive and wrecking cars are equipped 
 with your car replacers. They give perfect satisfaction, and 
 
 we 
 
 consider them the very best in use 
 Yours very truly, J. 
 
 West Virginia Central & 
 B. E. Tilden Co 
 Gentlemen— We have several pair 
 
 S. TURNER, Supt M. P., 
 Pittsburgh Ry., Elkins, W. Va. 
 
 of 
 
 ^ your Car and Locomotive 
 
 Replacing Frogs in service on this division, and they give excellent 
 satisfaction in every respect. Yours truly, 
 
 J W. KING, Supt. Lehigh Valley R. R., Sayre, Pa. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. , , , 
 
 Gentlemen— Your Replacers are in use by us, and am glad to say 
 they give entire satisfaction. Yours truly, 
 
 W T WEST, Trainmaster, Southern Ry., Richmond. \ a. 
 
 B. E. Tilden Co. South McAllister, L T., March 28th, 1895. 
 
 Gentlemen— Yours of March 26th, asking for our opinion on your 
 Car Replacers, has been received, and in answer would say that I do 
 not see how anything better could be gotten up for the purpose of 
 replacing cars and engines on track. I have pulled en eight cars 
 and a part of an engine at one setting of the frogs. , „ ,. 
 Yours truly. JAS. CUNNINGHAM, M. M. 
 
 Choctaw, Oklahoma & Gulf R. R. 
 B. E. Tilden Co. City of Mexico, Mexico, Feb. 22nd. 1895. 
 
 Gentlemen— We consider your Replacers by far the best frogs 
 ever put on the market, and use them exclusively on this road. 
 Yours truly, F. W. JOHNSTONE, Supt. M. P & M., 
 
 Mexican Central Ry. 
 
 B. E. Tilden Co. 
 
 Dear Sirs -We have your make of Replacing Frogs in use. As 
 regards their utility, they are all you claim for them, and after three 
 years' experience with them on this road we have discarded every 
 other type. Yours truly, 
 
 HENRY E. WALKER, Loco. Supt. 
 
 Southern Railway, Puebla, Mex 
 
 We have on file several hundred similar testimonials from railroad 
 men of many years' experience in operating departments. 
 
 After thorough trial any practical railroad operator will readily 
 appreciate these frogs as being the strongest, simplest, cheapest, 
 most convenient and only practical invention for the purpose of re- 
 placing derailed cars and locomotives. The track is not interfered 
 with, and being constructed on scientific principles, the frogs never 
 fail to replace the wheels upon the rails, without any failure or cost 
 jior repairs. 
 
 Partial I 
 
 .Alabama I 
 
 Atlantic & 
 
 Atlantic C 
 
 .Allegheny 
 
 .Atchison, 
 
 Atlantic & 
 
 B ildwin L 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 Hay of (Ji 
 
 Beech Cre 
 
 Belt Raib 
 
 Birminghi 
 
 Boston an 
 
 Boston & 
 
 BrunswicI 
 
 Buffalo, K 
 
 Burlingto 
 
 Calumet i 
 
 Canada A 
 
 Cape Feai 
 
 Central R 
 
 Central R 
 
 Central V 
 
 Chesapea 
 
 Chesapea 
 
 Chicago & 
 
 Chicago ( 
 
 Chicago 6 
 
 Chicago & 
 
 Chicago t 
 
 Chicago i 
 
 Chicago i 
 
 Chicago, 
 
 Chicago, 
 
 Chicago, 
 
 Choctaw, 
 
 Cincinnat 
 
 Cincinnat 
 
 Cincinnat 
 
 Cleveland 
 
 Cleveland 
 
 Cleveland 
 
 Columbui 
 
 Concord I 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Detroit, I 
 
 Duluth, J 
 
 East Ten 
 
 Evansvill 
 
 Fairhavei 
 
 Fall Broo 
 
 Fitchburj 
 
 Florida C 
 
 Georgia i 
 
 (irand Ri 
 
 Great No 
 
 Gulf, Col 
 
 Hannibal 
 
 Houston 
 
 Illinois C 
 
 Indiana, 
 
 Internati 
 
 Iowa Cen 
 
Partial List of Railroads Using theje Wrecking Frogs. 
 
 Alabama Midlland Ky. 
 
 Atlantic & Facitic Railroad. 
 
 Atlantic Coast Line. 
 
 Allegheny Valley Ky. 
 
 Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R. 
 
 Atlantic & Danville Ry. 
 
 Bildwin Locomotive Works. 
 
 lialtimore &()liio Railroad. 
 
 Baltimore & Ohio Southwestern R. R. 
 
 liay of QuinteRy. Nav. Co. 
 
 Heech Creek Railroad. 
 
 lielt Railway of Chicago. 
 
 HirminKham, Sheffield & Tennessee River Ry. 
 
 Boston and Maine Railroad. 
 
 Boston & Albany Railroad. 
 
 Brunswick <& Western Railroad. 
 
 Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh Ry. 
 
 Burlington & Missouri River R. R. in Neb. 
 
 Calumet & Blue Island Ry. 
 
 Canada Atlantic Ry. 
 
 Cape Fear & Vadkin Valley Ry. 
 
 Central Railroad of Henna 
 
 Central R. R of New Jersey. 
 
 Central Vermont R. R. 
 
 Chesapeake & Ohi / Ry. 
 
 Chesapeake, Ohio & South-Western R. K. 
 
 Cfiicago & .\lton Railroad. 
 
 Chicago CJreat Western Ry. 
 
 Chicago & Eastern Illinois R. R. 
 
 Chicago & North-Western Ry. 
 
 Chicago & Northern Pacific Railroad. 
 
 Chicago & W'estern Indiana R. R, 
 
 Chicago & Western Michigan Ry. 
 
 Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. 
 
 Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. 
 
 Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Ry. 
 
 Choctaw, Oklahoma & Gulf R. R. 
 
 Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R. 
 
 Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley Ry. 
 
 Cincinnati, New Orleans & Texas Pacific Ry. 
 
 Cleveland, .Akron & Columbus Ry. 
 
 Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Ry. 
 
 Cleveland, Lorain & Wheeling Ry. 
 
 Columbus. Sandusky & Hocking Ry. 
 
 Concord & Montreal R. R. 
 
 Delaware & Hudson R. R. 
 
 Detroit, Lansing «fe Northern R. R. 
 
 Duluth, Missabe & Northern Ry. 
 
 East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia Ry. 
 
 Evansville & Terre Haute R. R. 
 
 Fairhaven & Southern R. R. 
 
 Fall Brook Ry. 
 
 Fitchburg Railroad. 
 
 Florida Central & Peninsular R. R. 
 
 Georgia Railroad. 
 
 (irand Rapids & Indiana R. R. 
 
 Great Northern Railway Line. 
 
 Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe Ry. 
 
 Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R 
 
 Houston & Texas Central R R. 
 
 Illinois Central Railroad. 
 
 Indiana, Illinois & Iowa Railroad. 
 
 International & Great Northern R. R. 
 
 Iowa Central F.ailway. 
 
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acksonville, Tampa & Key West Ry. 
 \.au»as City Belt Railway, 
 vansas City, l*"ort Scott & Mcmpliis R. R. 
 vansas City. Memphis &. HiiiuiiiL'ham R R. 
 <aiisas City & Northwestern R. R. 
 
 ansasCity. Pittsl)uiK& (iiilf R. R. 
 Ktioxville, Ciimberlaiicl (Jap & Louisville R. R. 
 Lake Shore & MichiRaii Southern Ry. 
 Lake Krie & Western R. R. 
 Lchijjh Valley Railroad. 
 Look Island Railroad. 
 Louisville i^: Nashville R. R. 
 Louisville, New Albany & Chicapo Ry. 
 Louisville, Kvatisville ^: St. Louis Consolidated R. R. 
 Maine Central Railroad. 
 Memplus & Charleston R. R. 
 Mexican Central Ry. 
 Mexican International R. R. 
 Nlexican Interoceanic Ry. 
 Mexican National R. R. 
 Midland Railway of Kngland. 
 Minneapolis & St. Louis R. R. 
 Missouri, Kansas & Texas Ry. 
 Missouri Pacific Ry. 
 Mobile & Ohio Railroad. 
 Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Ry. 
 New York & New England R. R. 
 New York Central & Hudson River R. R. 
 New York, New Haven & Hartford K. R. 
 New York, Ontario & Western Ry. 
 New York, Susqueiianna it Western R. R. 
 Norfolk & Western Railroad. 
 Northern Pacific Railroad. 
 Ohio Central Lines. 
 O\no River Railroad. 
 Pennsylvania Company. 
 Pemisylvania Railroad. 
 Pennsylvania & North-Western R. R. 
 IMiiladelphia & Reading R. R. 
 Pittsburgh, Cincinnati. Chicago & St. Louis Ry. 
 Panama Railroad. 
 Raleigh & Gaston R. R. 
 Seaboard Air Line. 
 
 Southern Railway. * 
 
 St. Louis. Alton & Terre Haute R. R. 
 St. Louis & San Francisco Ry. 
 St Louis Soutli-western Ry 
 St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern Ry, 
 St. Louis Merchants Bridge Terminal Ry. 
 San Antonia & Aransas Pass Ry. 
 Savannah, Florida & Western Ry. 
 Seaboard & Roanoke R. R. 
 South Carolina & Georgia R. R. 
 Southern Pacific Co. 
 Texas & Pacific Ry. 
 Toledo, St. Louis & Kansas City R. R. 
 Ulster & Delaware R. R. 
 Union Pacific Ry. 
 Wabash Railroad. 
 Western & Atlantic R. R. 
 West Jersey Railroad. 
 West Shore Railroad. 
 West Virginia Central & Pittsburgh Ry 
 Wilmington & Northern R. R. 
 Wisconsin Central Lines. 
 
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 A trial has convinced the most frugal manag^ers that 
 no train should be run without these Replacing Frogs 
 being a part of its equipment. 
 
 When you order new locomotives you can specify 
 Tilden's Improved Rephiciug Frogs that will replace <///^ 
 derailed rolling stock. 
 
 One man can carry a pair of these frogs and place in 
 position in less time thau any other device, and they 
 will do superior service. 
 
 If left in position after use they will not throw a wheel 
 off the rails. They only raise the wheels high enough 
 to replace them, the power of gravity throwing the 
 wheels onto the rails, therefore require less power than 
 any other replacing frogs in use. 
 
 There are no rods, pins, spikes or clamps, and no ad- 
 iustmenls necessary more than laying in posi'Jonas illus- 
 trated, and they may stand away from the rails far 
 enough to allow flange to pass between inner frog and 
 rail, also outer frog same distance away will clear any 
 wheel on rails. Our improved Replacing frogs have an 
 interchangeable wear plate, upon which the wheel flange 
 gravitates to its place upon the rail. These Replacers 
 will carry 150 tons without exceeding their elas- 
 tic limit, and we guarantee them to be superior to all 
 others. If economy of time is an object to you, these 
 wrecking frogs are the ones you want, as they can be 
 placed and derailed cars or locomotives replaced with 
 them in less than half the time the service can be done 
 with any other device. 
 
 These Frogs are in use on nearly all of the principal 
 railroads in this country, also m several foreign countries. 
 
 These Wrecking Frogs will retain themselves where 
 dropped, and save time and expense in any case of de- 
 railment. 
 
 Please observe price hereon, which is strictly bot- 
 tom, therefore we are compelled to sell these goods 
 direct. 
 
 We challenge the world to produce wrecking frogs 
 equal to these for good service, time, convenience, 
 expense, durability, etc., and meet us in contest for 
 quick and sure re-railing. OPEN TO ALL. HAVE 
 EXCELLED ALL. 
 
Patented in the United States, Canada and Europe. 
 
 In prcsentiiij^' the accompanying cut, it is hardly neces- 
 sary to alhide to the ineHiciency, annoyance, breakages 
 aiul ahogether unsatisfactory character oi the ordinary 
 wrecking frogs. All trainmen are familiar with their 
 defects, and on the other hand, know the good results 
 often attained from a properly built mmind of wchhI 
 covered with some oiled splice bars, or bnks and pins. 
 
 These frogs are the wood splice-bars, links, etc., put 
 into practical shape. When engines and cabooses are 
 eciuipped with these replacers they are always at hand 
 and ready for instant use. I'.ach frog has a handle at 
 middle inside, so that a pair of them can be carried l«>ne 
 in each hand) with greater convenience than any other 
 wrecking frogs. 
 
 ( )ur recent Improved Replacing Frogs are about 3 feet 
 long and 8 inches wide, made of rehned metals, with 
 chrome steel interchangeable wear plate top, or of the 
 strongest quality of cast steel. These extra improved 
 Replacers are adapted to any ro.ing stock and all T rail. 
 
 Price of our extra improved Replacing Frogs is $18 
 per set, delivered free to nearest point on purchasing 
 road, or to any road in the United States not west of the 
 Missouri river. To roads west thereof, wei)repay freight 
 free as far as Missouri river, and for export we prepay 
 freight to seaboard at New York or New Orleans. 
 
 There are infringing replacers, without braces, being 
 offered for sale, but they recjuire different size replacers 
 to re-rail to the different height rails, and are short- 
 lived in heavy service, as they are only shells. 
 
 We respectfully solicit a trial order, and are confident 
 all railroad managers throughout the country will be 
 l)leased with the service of these frogs, and be convinced 
 that their adoption will prevent the expenditure of many 
 times their cost in a short time. The use of these fro^s, 
 on all engines and cabooses, will largely do away with 
 sending for wrecking trains. 
 
 One man can replace cars or helpless engines with 
 our frogs and a pair of jacks, without any other power 
 or assistance. Furthermore, these frogs are adapted to 
 every variety of gauge and height of rail, replacing 
 any derailed rolling stock with the greatest possible 
 economy of time. 
 
 These new wrecking frogs were invented owing to 
 great necessity, the inventor being a practical railroad 
 man of over twenty years' experience. 
 
 These frogs are simple in construction, easy to handle, 
 and positive in action, and will pay for themselves in 
 saving of time over the use of any other replacing device.