IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) V ^ // // ¥/. ox are not in any gicat quantity, but he believes it (o contain more valuable kinds than any former one ; and ihnt he has done his utmost to select gomi seeds, and care- fully to tlry and pack them. The greoter bulk of the Conifcra.* he has forwarded in the cones, not (nily for the purpose of prolonging their vitality, but, as many were imperfectly open, he considered that it would be better to sacrifice space to the all important consideration of their reaching the Association in itu- most favourable slate, more especially as many of them were only represented by a few cones. Xos. 2U I" 345 were collected in June 1K65, and Nos. 24O and (ullowing were collected at a liuer period. A. 231. I.ilium. I did not see it in (lower. B.anksof theColumbia Kivcr, cast of the Cascades. June 1S65. 23a. . I>allcs of theColumbia. June 1S65. 33i. ? Hanks of the ("olumbia, enst of the Cascades. l>ry soil. June 1865. 234- /m teiiax. French Prairie, Willamette Val- ley, Oregon. June 1865. 235. Rnme.x. Perhaps A*, venoxus^ Pursh. Very showy plant ; shady places. Dalles of the Columbia, Oregon. June 1865. 236. ? (bulbs). Banks of the Columbia, near Dog Kiver. June 1865. 237. Comp\>sitle flower ; fine black currant, supe- rior to the cultivated fruit. Jlank^^ of La Creole, (^ K., Oregon. July 4. 1865. 246. Qtiercm Kelhs^iiy Newbeny (in *' Pacific Railroad Rep.," vol. vi). I.e.ivcs deeply sinuate; three principal lobes on either side terminate in several acute points ; glabrous above and oclow ; fruit solitary or clustereii— nearly sessile ; pland round, ovoid, or more commonly elliptical, termmating ii< an acute projecting point ; greenish brown in colour, and from ! to \% inches in length; cup hemispherical, covered with elongated acute scales. In a dryish ex- poseecies bears a good crop of " mast " two years in succession. This year Q. Ihrtihii Ijore a comparatively plentiful crop of acorns, whilst Q, Kelfo^it was very sparing—in fnct, I found it a matter of some diflicully to obtain specimens. I^st year appears to have been the reverse.* 347. ^//."n-wJ ///«//«>, Bentli. ("Bot.of theSuIphur" and Q. hnji^^iamiii, Torn, in Fremont's "(Geographical Memoir of California "). Alliee Whilst the timber is superior to that of No. 346, ye •'■ "ot etpial to some others in ihi- collection. I "s before, Illinois river. Sep- tember 1865. I "k tvill sometimes attain a din- meier of 3 feel. 348. Qufniii, 7>. (c). iJ.;ri/o/ui, Nee> in Aine. Nat. S. C; Hook, Icones 3 t. 377; Nultnl's "Svlva" 1, p. 5, t. 2; and crassipoatln, Torr., in Williamson's Kcnorl. Q. craxupotuUxy Torr., 1 am not acquainted witli, but according to Torrey's figure of Q, oxydenia (Sitzreave'.s Rep., p. 172, pi. xvii.) it is a very djf fereut plant; and if the figure ;if Nutt.il ("North American Hylva," pi. 2) is to be relied upon, Q. af^n- folia has long-uoinled acorns, similar to Q. oxydenia, dilferini; totally from my plant. Again, Torrey, in p. 138, ** Pacific Railroad Kxploraiions," vol. iv., says that the species descritted by him as Q. oxyift'niu is Q. a^^rifolia of Nees, with iheacorns fully developed, leaves generally dontnte. grows to the height of 40 feel (though generally a shiub), with a handsome and graceful curvctl stem from b inches lo 3 feet in dia- nu'lcr. It is generally known as the " live oak," and is accounted one of ihe best woods for felloes, huts, and shafts of w.igyniis, though it is not sli.tighl cnougli for spokes It is very tough, and is used near Illinois River for such purposes, lis acorns arc very sweet. It grows on ihe sides of gulches, but to the greatest heights in more elevated situations. I saw, however, enormous trees of ii in ! he rich river tiottoms of Smith's River Valley, Alta California, Sept. 1865. 249. Quenu-u sp. (d). Ix)l)edeavcd, bears acorns very plcntdully, which are accounted good for falten- iog hogs. It is never more than a shrub, but the produce of forty lo fifty will fatten a ht^. It prefers prairies and low land. I have, however, seen it in gulches 40CX) feet above the sea level, but never higher. Canon Ck. Sept. 1865 (2 bags). 250. Qi/ercus, sp. (e). Echinaceous, cupped leaves slightly serrate, and sometimes, as in the old "live oak," plain (No. 34S). It is a small shiub; bitter ocorns. It grows us high up as 8000 feet above the sea level, which Q. No. 351, ut injm^ to which it ts most nearly allied, don not. This species has smaller leaveSf cups deeper, and acorn mure ovoiil anti very bitter, so that nothim* but sfjuirnd* will rnt thrni. The black bear {(/rsr/s Ameriatmis), if hard pushed by huufjer, may also venture on them, but never by choice. It is always looked upctri by (he * liners and hiniiers as very (list met from Qnrtrus Xo. 251. All over ihemountainsofCanonCk., Oregon. Sept. 1865. 251. QuercuSf sfi. (f), Ihis is perha()s i,tu,n/is echitiann^ Torr. It is a tree 30 to 70 f^'^'l in height, and from 6 inches to 2 feet in iliameter ; long acorncil, shallow cupped, bark black, leaves large and rarely serrate, the opposite holding tntc in Q. No. 250 {ill atifva). It is found along the sides of mountains, in damp groumi, or by streams, but never on the lop or at great elevations. It is often fijund associated with Q. No. 250, but r -ver limited to the diminu- tive size of that specie , or departing lioni it* characters, though subject to ll.c same intluences of soils and topographical situation. In fiirm and habit it differs much from the traditional idea of an oak, and is more lik'.- /•mxrnts OiVf:;orui ; growing very straight, and in ll. s rrsi'cct it is the antipodes of Qiifnus Uarr)itt:a, Ib.ok (It. Hr. Am. 2, p. 159), so characteristic of the open pleasant glades in the vici- nity of Victoria, Vancmtver Island. It is accounted the best timber in Southern Oregon or North Cali- fornia for all parts of waggons, on accoimt of which it is a superior tree to (>. No. 248. The Irbe from which most of my specinien.-i were taken grew on ihe flat on Canon Ck. (S(,;iihern Oregon), near Bailhc's Old Camp, and attained a height of 70 feet, with a dinmeter 2 feel. Sept. 1865. 252. Quercusy sp. (C.). Allied to (). No. 248, but with no serratures on the leaves, and not su glaucous ; smaller acorns, and coverc! nut ttiviTi'tJ with -sj'ipus, Itut witli tuIitTLli->. I tounti a few sliruhs Iti-nrii)^ fruit vt'ry spatnit^ly mi llif ii(I;;i; of momilairw I'tiwi-en Sailors I'ijjyitiH* •" t irc^DU niiij Smith's Kivcr in Culifurni.i, on ihc Crescent *.'ity Trail, ami nowhere else. Thf locahly was niar the Houndary Line |lat. 42' N.). Si|'l. 1S65. J54. .iNis^ s/'irirs /tfVii (A). The avi-ranc licij^hi ol thih tn-e is 70 or Ko feel, and nliout I foot or inou- in fUainc'tcr ; snli-jtyraniiilal in shape; upper hiauLhe^ starling from the trunk at right aiii^Ie^. anti lovvtrtlown gradually at a more acute angle, until near the luiil of the tree they start from the sttin at an acute (ilovvn- \vard]ai)gle, with a iongdroopintjsMeep. I liehranclies increase in Ungth (descending), giving (ho tree the pyramiiial form refeire to f .e height ai I to 5. They sweep oiil from Ihc stem at an acute angle, with a downward sweep, curling up at the ends a little. The brancldets are what gives the tree its peculiar and eharactcriiitic beauty. Towanlsiht.- apex they project an in other species, but whenever (lu-y open (al maturity) they become deprndeni, and hence- forward their growth i;* iluwnward, so that thi:>e hliie twigs or branchlets droop (from i foot to 2 led in length) in a >leniler pendulous form, depcridrng from the 'U|)erior surface o( the branches, giving tite ire? the "weeping willow" aspect my informant talked alujut. The colour of the foliage is dark green ; the \ouug leaves lighter green ; baik .smooth or scaly ; epidermis whitish ; outer bark (nies.fphhruni and e|>iphl'iiHn) firm and rctdish coloured ; liluT \ery lough and spiingy ; the whole iliii.kiiess of t'le baik is I '^ in. ; w(M.d vety tough, close t^nined. and in its living -stale pale jellow coloured. The tree branches almost to tlie bottom ol the trunk. .\t a bisty ijlance its general nppcarancc is imt unlike ./. JKnii^iitm, with which it is ass icialed, .ind may have been passed by by former b ap) notching the darkg.een of the foliage of that |>ine ; it brnnches to near the bouoin, the hranches departing from the trunk at right angles; cones lunr the top (j| the tree ; wooti soft ; light -colouicd baik. .\\u\ smooth, with bl..'iers of resin ; cones, and indeed the whole of the tree, \ery resiiiuus. I found one tr-'e on the .sides of a creek flowing into (_anon Creek, jiisi below the (lat. The above is the geiural charac- teristics of thi! tree; but I found one on the mountains without branches for loo feet. It was 1,^0 feel high, ami 2 ^i feet in diameter. It is slightly allied to /'. montuoia, of Dctuglas, which yt»u pronounce lo be tlie "while pine "of I Ills coast, hut which this (No. 255 1 cer- tainly is not. Indeed, \ have never seen P. nii>iifui/ii y.Strohiis of my catalogues) so far south. 'The term ■'white pine" is sometimes applied in California to /*. .Siihiinaitit ; and /'. jh'xiUs ol James is the " Kocky Mountain white pine." I do noi know of a liK-alily ill which it has been found nearer than New Mexico, in the Scandia .Mountains, at I2,oou leet elevalion. Ii is hsid al.so to grow* aiound Santa Ke in this same terri- tory. Is thi.s species identical If < Uten on this iree — indeed, in tall trees very fretpiently — there .ire none but barren coues, and hence I was told by a mo*ui- tainccr that it is sr>melimes called tin; ** bastard sugar i)ine." It hears sparingly, and the cones seiil were all that I obtained from two trees after very laborious climbing. Sept. 1HG5. 256. /V«//j, iiij-,: sfVi., or form of /'. px^udtvom. A Iree about Ijo feet in height, on m-nnilaiiis Sept. tS65 (2 bagO. 257. Piuuj, s/>. I found these concs (loating flown Klamath River, t MegoH. Aug. 1S65. 258. /'int/s, n. sf., or_7^/^/,;i7/(I).t. l.sOfcet or nioie in height, possessing the general habit uf ihedivision, I "iscade Mountains, near Rogue River. Aug. iSb5. 25<». /V//WJ, J/. Illinois River. Sept. iStis- 260. /'/itits, J/*. (I'*.); 2 hags. 'This tree reaches the height of loj feet, and I found it sawn int^> planl.> amongst olhere, under the generic name of "pi'.h pine," at a little mining camp in Smithecn Oieyon known as ."s.iilors' Ihggings, where llie lumber sold for ^15(0 #25 per looo feet, accurillng lo iit clear- ness. I lere, also, I niav mention thai . hrr "un iv/>/iy/- iiim was worth from J^75 lo ^icxi per iixx), whilst QufrtUi (No. 2SI) was only 9.10. It (i. e., 2fK)) was dis- tinguished hy the woodmen as the '*ball pine." '1 he timlKT is w'hiler than the following (No. 261), cones smaller, though in ils general habit it resembles ihe rest <.f the /S"/./lincl (two bags, with foliage, »S:c.), x'tde No. 261. 2)»l. . iniis, sfii't. (t;.). Is thi-idislinct, or a variety of /'. i^W. It grows very straight to the height of 150 feet, and is accotmlcd tu Southern ( 'regou hetter lor many purjioses than ./. /X>t/\'/itsi/, which is in that district gelling rather rare, until it almost disap|H:ais in t 'alifornia, though I am told -and according to ihc laws of phytogeography I do not doubt it— ihut it is fouutl in the nionnlains of Mexico. 'The centre of ihe growth of .7. /h>in;iiisii is in the country west of the Cascade Mountains, from the t Columbia to- il may Ik* safely alTirmed — the Iree limit. Pikus Sit. 261 is hard, and does not remlily war|>, as does .7. /h'li^/inih .Shingles are also made of ii by splii- ling, but it is so free from knots that il will split with the sun indeetl. this is so much so that to drive nails into it holes nnist be bored ; this i.s its worst fault. Very large cones. All these pines are known as " pilch pines ;" l)ut this species is disiinguishcd a» the "yellow pine." Though iheie arc doubtless many varieties of the pouderosa type, yet I am e<»»- vinced that /*. 2|;6, /'. 260, anil /'. '261 are all as distinct as most species of the order i omfer,c; aid lliat /'. 260 and /*. 2G1 were very different in appear- ance there and in dUTcrcut situations. The whole typi.* or sub-genus (embracing the species allicvl to /'. /.'//(/fVUM), as I have ventured to remark in former catalogues and letters, would form a curious study for the botanist ; Imt these species just named are recog- nized as distinct by the woiMlmen, who arc too ai)t to mistake iilenlily for similarity, though doubtless many varieties have been described as species, ami which may be found on the same tree : but where wc finencd, and though I .searched aliundanily, yet I could hml none in any other stale, and 1 thought it was lietter lo send them ns they were, t >ne must just take ihe chances in tlusc matters, and hope lor belter fortune ne.\tlimc : I refer to Nos. 254 and 2b2. Is this /'. nis/_i;ms / or the 'Most" /'. (V///- /t>im,,i l.ois? (C.irricre " Traile," i\c). It bears when very young. I saw shrubs of it not over feet in height with abundance of cones. 'I'he sod it affect-i is poor, and is associatetl with the grease woml ( Purs Ilia trid,ittalti }■ 26J. J'tnus, -i/. I fftund thi.^ Pn/t/.f, with the en- closed leaves lying associated with il, on the ground on I'remont's 'Trail, in Kastern Oregon, Imt never saw it growing. Aug. 1865. 264. J'/nns, i/>. t 'one, found -uMf/iiti up on tl»e banks (}f Rille Crtek, K.istern Oregon. The creek heads near Mount Scott on the Cascade .Mountains. Aug. 1S65. 2ti^. p/tiitSt .!/'. tound washed down Clear Creek, flowing out of Ihc Cascade Mountains. .Vug. 1K65. A, A- —The three foregoing may have no com- mercLii (jr scientific \dlue, but I enclose them nevertheless. 266. Ptitf/i l.timberlitimt^ Dougl, (a bags, &c.). 'Thi.s well-known pine is )>erhaps- taking into account ils beauty and economic value- one of the uol>lesl trees on the continent of America. 'The seeds are collected for fiH)d by the Digger Intiians in the vicinity of Sailor/ Ibggingft; hence we shouKl I-? cautious in talking .ibout tlw distriljutioii of the tut pine, as T (lil'« name is aj>plifil to I nun Stihiniiithi* /'/'//'• fJulis, mi'iio/^'iv/^ii, nml jf,\ili^, all nf wlikh arc i;a(here(l for fiMHl in ilicir riv>|K» live tiaalili'S niosl ffciicrnlly wIktc nc'tiiiT of llic uiIiit!. j-rnw ; hence, in speaking of tlir "luil pint- " of iionltot.mRal ira\ filers, wc must take It to Iw tli«; " rtul ptiif " "I tlic p;irliculir rt'^ioii lie ii lU-NtiilMiii;. The vi-i«U of the suj^ur pine an cxtracic-l Uy iHaiinj- the t-oiifi with n stom-. after suircli.iin tlu'in to ili-.iroy thi: ri-^in. 'lite Indian cliinliH the Ine, e nioriilu'it, on ictntnin^'. to tintt an .uiticnl sipi.iw and 11 htoud of ehihlrcii ulk t/ s,-it( in- tlepctulently uf it-- not W\\\^ found near the coast in anv tpiantiiy. 267 (hi. /'/.-VT, J/<'r/(*J {amahiUs} DouhI.). Tree of small height ; hut this immaterial, as it nuisi he stunted from its elevation, on one of the spurs o( the >iskiyou Mountains (Sooo feel). Itranches in whorli; cones hri^;ht hrown colour. This is sometiineH calleil l.y the woodmen the halsam lir, froni the Idisters of re-in on the liunk, \c. Some « '"ihes.- hliMcis will )ie1d as imah as an ounce of re»in- 1 ha\e also heard It calleil the silver In, while hr, and occasionally while pine, ihout;h the latter name in tiie North Pacific territories is u>ed lor /', w/d/;//* v/./, the ally or represeniaiive of the Weymouth jiine {Pnuis jftr/>u>). Sept. l8(>5. 267 {/>). Ptc.-n, t/^Yti-t. Kuund in the Redwood lorests near .Smith's River. .Sept. 1S65. 26S. /.Mif.vAw/ '/rt«/Tine of its allies ( 7/////ii and l'u/>fYis»s,, it will last lon^: if piotcLtcd from the jir by bein^ umler ^loiuul or in water ; but :/u the border line liCtween <»rej;on and ( nhh'rni.i ilat. \2 N.i. Sept. iSOy Though gatheied long after the season of ripening (juneor Julyi, I fiar that, though siiilitienih niaturrd to sprnig, yd they are not fu'ly ripe. 270. <'ii/'i<:-tui, jA ^$ lugs .Old I p;ipei parcel^, Tlie large>l liee of this sptiir-. wliul I saw vv,ts alM)iit loo 01 150 fi ci in height, and 2 tVd m diimeter ; sub- coimal in outline, though no regulni outline can be nscribt-cl to i*. as it ditTers in shape and habit in dif- ferent localilii -1. Some trees are light green in foliage; other* dark ;..reen, and might Ik- .nisia'Kiii ho ///■.- fft/r/is ifiYunnt, or. as hr Ncwlury most prolmbiy ilid, for /"'//;/./ i^ti^iiHtAi. The strobili in uUi-stcrs on Ihe superior surface of the Itonds near the apex, or on the lwi;'s, though ii'it on the extreme .ipe\ if the branclies ; branches with .111 tipwaid sweep, <.umiii^ otT ftont the stem at an acute angle ; in older trees Ihe branches have rather a dnwnwar the " Poit ( ttfoid ( cdar," though this is generally l.iiowii tot lie ( alifornia b'ltanisi.is Cw/.i ..rcgon bordering on the sea. .Votwiihsiaiuling the uiinosi care, I find that these times and seed are, like many other spi'cies of conifer.**, nffccled bv thelnrva ot an insect, agaitisi which no care in colteeting 01 pick- ing can guard. This h.is Iieen .1 source of great vexation (o me, but )our evpcrtemeof simdai mishaps will, 1 am sure, acpiit me of any blame. St-pt. 18(15. 271. I'onius wni/ii, Torr. 0>ur:ind, PI. Pratt, p. S')l. On aspurof the .Siskiyon .M lUiMains, between (liegon and talil-Hma, m I.U. 47 \. .\ ohrub b to 20 feet in height. Sept. |H{)5. 272. Cii fijtfi'ii lA/yu'/'^ii/'ii, l>ougl. \,l\ifi,iiu;i um- fvnirens, Kellogg). I ree Uj feel in height; gulches near Canon (ruck, Sept. iK(>(;. Hears fee-l greiililv ii|>on the chincapin, and the old hunters talk about thickets of ihilant a* his "bar wood." This i^ noi positively a diflercnt species honi ibe succeeding (No. 'ly, though the hunter-' look unoii it as suih. It aiiaiti' thi- licighi of to feet, and 1 foot m ili.imeter. Jt.irk, epidermis whiti-h ; s.ipwo<«l tough and rather white; niul the durarien hanl and brown (rv*/.- speci- mens) ; the nuts me much largi-r, and the leaves broader and less golden coloured on the under surface th.in No. 273; the branches arc nearly at right angles tothc stem, and Iwi-lett and curved irregularly ; branchlels at acute angles to branches ; fruit near the apex. CancmCJeck. Sept. 1S65. 273. C.ehnn^tHylht. MountlK-tweent lieat Klamnili MarsharidKort Klamath. 4lect in hLighi. .Xugjisi 1805. 273 <<". Thtijii, lun-a s/'.ii,'. A glance at the loiiage, the cones, and general ajtpearancc of this plant, is • {uile sufficient 10 establish it^ noik-identity vvrth ThuiA i^ii^autt't^ Nutt. I therefore prefer to leave it without further description. I found the tree growing on the banks of the XN'illamette River in Oregon, mil tar from Portl.uui, and was induced to collect specin.eiis of it trom it', appearance being somewhat different from any specimens (d /'. ;7;-.////rti which 1 had seen on the banks of that river. The period of its gathering was ill May 1S65 ; and though it was covere^l with oid cones, of course there were imne in seed. At the lime I was busily occupied, and did not ujiisider it ilis- tinct, having no spvcinieiis to '.iter to ; but on suIjsc- ijuent examina ion, and a ' -msLiUTation of the fact tliat in all the .sped'-, iis which I evaminLul the remarkable differences «ere peiniajicnt, I concludcti that it was a liistinct sptcies. Mr Hrown hrvh also sent home .speciincn.s ol t»oods, vi/., No'*. 247, 251 (liaik) ; 251 itwo specimens nl wood); 254 (bark;; 2bS (two species); 270 ftwo species) ; 272 (two s|>ecic>) ; also, dried specimens of plants, the seeds of which are either in this box or ha\e been sent previously, with one or two doubtful si>ecies : - -'Juitipenis Jfi-iin-ititii, .Ifitis /iru(i{ti, /*,nrt.f i.am- hi'ttuiua (abortive conesl, Qucnin O'ltnyuiHit, Pintu ,oti{oit,i (male catkins), ./..t nniiiiitiiiu, Qui'itftf //»., yfitit/vii/f s/'.- -no seeds.