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 A SHORT STATEMENT 
 
 OP 
 
 THE ADYAIi^TAGES 
 
 OP 
 
 Slnikrsitg €oti0olibation 
 
 
 !«;iHis;ii:r: ;,; •: ;, n 
 
 Jiiiiii if '. ^ 
 
 n;!|:;iiii: iijii;; "g 
 
 TO WHICH IS APPENDED 
 
 THE CONSTITUTION 
 
 or 
 
 Society for Promotiof iyersilj Mali. 
 
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 Halifax : 
 
 nova scotia printinq cohpamt. 
 
 ViSL 
 
 AK 
 L 
 
 .36 
 
|)re0ibcnt. 
 
 HONBLE. L. M. WILKINS, D. C. L. 
 
 *Dife ^rc0ibfnt0. 
 
 J. Y. PAYZANT, M. A. 
 
 KEV. ALEX. McGREGOU. 
 
 A. H. McKAY, B. A., B. Sc. 
 
 REV. B. MINARl). 
 WALLACE GRAHAM, M. A. 
 
 A. P. REID, M. D. 
 R. C. WELDON, A. M., Ph I). 
 
 §ccrctaricfif. 
 
 J. G MacGREGOR, D. Sc. 
 B. RUSSELL, M. A. 
 
 treasurer. 
 
 THOMAS RITCHIE. 
 
 JHcmbere of Committee. 
 
 p. LYNCIL 
 J. W. LONGLEY, M. A. 
 
 GEO. JOHNSON. 
 
 R. SEDGE WICK, B. A. 
 
 J. F. BLACK, M. D. 
 
 r. C. UILL, D. C. L. 
 
i ■■. 
 
 r. 
 
 .is i\\ 
 
 jcon^ 
 
 Ipres 
 
 coun 
 
 insti 
 
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 than 
 
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 the ] 
 
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 the 
 
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 not 
 
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 man; 
 
 mom 
 
 I 
 

 INTEODUOTORT. 
 
 ,•(... ' . 1 ' 
 
 The Society of whose views this statement 
 is the official presentation, owes its origin to the 
 conviction on the part of its members that the 
 present condition of higher education in this 
 country is unsatisfactory, that the number of 
 institutions possessing University Charters and 
 enderivoring to do collegiate work, is greater 
 than the country can afford to support, that 
 whether we consider the monev available for 
 the purpose of higher education, the demand for 
 advanced literary culture and scientific training, 
 the number of young men who should be at- 
 tending collegiate institutions, or the number of 
 thoroughly skilled and competent professors, 
 there is not room in a country having a popula- 
 tion of only a few hundred thousand souls for 
 half a dozen universities. £ven with the liberal, 
 not to say extravagant appropriations made by 
 the Legislature during the past five years, the 
 condition of collegiate instruction was far from 
 satisfactory, and the work was conducted in a 
 manner that involved a tremendous waste of 
 money. The $13,200 granted by the Legislature 
 
during each of those five years would have been 
 Buflicient to support a staff of six or seven 
 professors at excellent salaries, each teaching a 
 special department of science or literature and 
 collectively competent to impart all the instruc- 
 tion in their several subjects for which there is 
 in this Province any requirement or demand. 
 Divided among the half dozen institutions that 
 claimed the support of the people, the influence A 
 of the grant, large as it was, in the improvement . 
 of the quality of instruction imparted was hardly 
 appreciable. \ 
 
 The withdrawal of the grant, as resolved 
 upon by the Legislature last winter, in accord- 
 ance with the terms of the Statute of 1876, 
 coupled with the practical abolition of the Uni^ 
 versity of Halifax, naturally directed the atten- 
 tion of all persons interested in the subject of 
 higher education to the necessity of doing some- 
 thing to place the matter upon a more satisfactory 
 basis; and, accordingly, a requisition was address- 
 ed to the officers of the several Alumni Associa^ 
 tions asking for a conference for the purpose of 
 discussing the advisability and feasibility of 
 University Consolidation. This requisition \vaa 
 signed by nearly one hundred Alumni, repre- 
 senting most, if not all of our provincial colleges, 
 and the expressions of opinion that it evoked 
 were such as to encourage the Vjelief that the 
 
 so 
 ; wj 
 inj 
 ofl 
 ofl 
 thi 
 be 
 
 m 
 
 th 
 
 n( 
 
 an 
 
 ar 
 
 801 
 
 fri 
 op 
 of 
 ell 
 to 
 or 
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 ra 
 ai 
 sc 
 o\ 
 
 i e: 
 
 
1 liavo beoni 
 : or seven 
 teaching a 
 jrature and 
 Me instriic- 
 ich there is 
 )r demand, 
 utions that 
 e influence 
 iprovement , 
 was hardly 
 
 s resolved 
 in accord- 
 » of 1876, 
 ' the Uni. 
 the atten- 
 subject of 
 »ing Borneo 
 tisfactory 
 8 address- 
 l Associa-' 
 urpose of 
 bility of 
 ition was 
 li, repre- 
 1 colleges, 
 t evoked . 
 that the ^ 
 
 i 
 
 •eaven of conviction in favor of Univei*sity Con- 
 ftolidation was stronjjfly working even in places 
 where there was least apparent reason to hope for 
 indications of its presence. Resolutions in favor 
 of a conference, supported by arguments in favor 
 of Consolidation, were passed unanimously by 
 the Alumni of Dalhousie, and na rrowdy escaped ._> / 
 being carried by majorities at Acadia, Mount ^^ / 
 Allison and Kings College; and it is not too -^^^' 
 much to say that in every instance the effect of 
 the vote in favor of isolation, was more than 
 neutralized by the discussion of the question, 
 and by the very obvious and palpable preponder- 
 ance of the arguments in favor of Consolidation. 
 Since the question w^as thus broached by the 
 Alumni Societies, it haA been the subject of 
 somewhat lively discussions elsewhere, and the 
 friends of Consolidation, considering that their 
 opponents had organizations for the perpetuation 
 of the present system ready to their hands, con- 
 cluded that it was their duty to themselves and 
 to the people of this Province, to arrange for the 
 organization of the opinion in favor of improve- 
 ment. That such a public opinion exists and is 
 rapidly gathering strength they have had abund- 
 ant evidence, and one of the objects of their 
 society is to afford that opinion the opportunity 
 of becoming solidified and finding effective 
 expression. 
 

 The necessity for such an organization, and 
 for the improved arrangement that it contem- 
 plates, must be clearly apparent. To place our 
 various collegiate institutions in the position 
 in which they stood before the withdrawal of 
 the public grants, endowments must be raised 
 amounting in the aggregate to about $260,000. 
 There may be some friends of the existing sys- 
 tem sanguine enough to anticipate that the in- 
 terest in collegiate education and the zeal of the 
 people for higher 1 .-ning will prove strong 
 enough to stand the strain of this enormous 
 assessment. Should their anticipations prove to 
 be well grounded the securing of this amount of 
 money will only place our institutions in as good 
 a position financially as they held previous to 
 the withdrawal of the giants. It will not enable 
 a single one of them to add a professor to its 
 staff, a book to its library or a piece of apparatus 
 to its laboratory. The confessedly inadequate 
 equipment of our colleges in these respects must 
 continue, even after their constituencies have 
 submitted to the strnin necessary to secure the 
 proposed endowments. Under these circumstan- 
 ces the argument for consolidation presented in 
 the annexed statement seems unanswerable. 
 
 ?n 
 
 K 
 
 Halifax, August, 188X. 
 
\, and 
 ntein- 
 ;e our 
 ►sition 
 pal of 
 raised 
 0,000. 
 
 he in- 
 )f the 
 ttrong 
 'mous 
 ►ve to 
 int of 
 igood 
 us to 
 nable 
 o its 
 ratus 
 
 uate 
 must 
 
 lave 
 3 the 
 )tan- 
 in 
 
 \ 
 
 A SHORT STATEMENT OF THE ADVANTAGES 
 
 OP 
 
 UJ^IYEKSITY OONSOLIDATIOK 
 
 C 
 
 1 
 
 f I 
 
 Thk stiuUiuts of a central University Avould he 
 more niuuerous than tho?e of any one of our existing 
 colleges. 
 
 1. It would follow that one important form of 
 collegiate training — contact and intercourse with 
 fellow-students — would have a much higher develop- 
 ment at such a university than at our small colleges. 
 The intimate association of the young men of the 
 whole Province would tend to widen their minds and 
 free them from the prejudices consequent upon associ- 
 ation in small societies. 
 
 2. Increased numbers would mean a more vigorous, 
 intellectual life, exhibiting itself in a stronger interejt 
 in literary, philosophical and oratorical societies of all 
 kinds, which, in our small colleges, lack sufficient 
 support. 
 
 3. The greater competition which would result 
 from greater numbers must tend to foster industry and 
 encourage work. The greater enthusiasm felt by the 
 professor in the instruction of larger classes, must have 
 the same tendency. The stimulating power of tho 
 teacher and the receptivity of the pupil would thus 
 alike bo increased. > 
 

 
 ^ 
 
 v! 
 
 A-:* 
 
 .\ 
 
 
 
 VN 
 
 10 
 
 4. The congregation of all students in one College 
 would remove the temptation now too often yielded to 
 by college authorities, to admit as undergraduates boys 
 who ought to be still at school, and to send out as 
 graduates men who have not proved themselves worthy 
 of a University degree. A college must have students 
 to teach. If a sufficient number cannot be obtaine<l 
 who are fit to do real university work, the college is 
 forced to make its entrance test low, un«l a great part 
 of its work becomes really school work. A central 
 college with its large influx of students could readily 
 atfo.d to make its entrance examinations more difficult, 
 and thereby to raise the standard of higher educatioii. 
 
 5. The present low entrance examinations en- 
 courage boys to leave the High Schools prematurely, 
 and to enter our colleges. Not only is the college 
 work lowered, therefore, but our High Schools are 
 drained of their pupils and thereby u'eakened. Con- 
 solidation would, by raising the college matriculation 
 tests, increase the number of pupils in the High Schools 
 and consequently strengthen them. 
 
 6. Increase in the value of degrees would be an 
 immediate consequence of the elevation of the standard 
 of university work. It is impossible to appraise the 
 degrees of our colleges. They are consequently of 
 little practical, worth, and, among the knowing, are 
 generally despised. A central University, which 
 would bo compelled by public opinion to make tho 
 character of its tests known, and whose work would be 
 on a higher level than tho work of our existing colleges, 
 
u 
 
 would give a degree which might be of real value as 
 an indication of knowledge and mental training. 
 
 The Central College would be provided with a 
 larger body of Professors, proportioned to the number 
 of colleges uniting and the amount of its endowments 
 that each would be able to contribute. If we suppose 
 that only the professors of even the four Protestant 
 colleges, who are not engage«l in teac' ing theology, 
 should be sent up to a central University, and that to 
 each professor should be allotted one of the subjects 
 which he at present teaches, the University would have 
 two professors in Greek, Latin and Mathematics res- 
 pectively, and one professor in each of the following 
 departments, viz : — French, German, English Litera- 
 ture, Mental Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, Political 
 Science, History, Chemistry, Physics, Engineering, 
 Geology, Biology, and Mining. The professoriate of a 
 central college would be distinguished from that of tho 
 existing colleges, therefore, both in respect to number 
 ond to specialization of subjects. 
 
 7. That Professors would bo able to restrict their 
 attention to one department of study means that 
 their knowledge of their subjects would become far 
 more thorough than is possible under the present sys- 
 tem, which requires one man to teach in some cases 
 four subjects, in many three or two, and in but few 
 only one. 
 
 8. The time at the disposal of professors for 
 studying the educational characteristics of their sub- 
 jects, and the best modes of temching them, would 
 result in their becoming better teachers. 
 
12 
 
 9. The devotion of the whole time of a professor 
 to one subject would enable him to give extensive and 
 thorough courses of lectures. It would be possible to 
 havt in all departments both elementary and advanced 
 courses, and in those in which it might be advisable, 
 both general and technical courses. ' ' 
 
 10. At present a student can enjoy the tuition of 
 the few professors only who teach at the college he 
 may be attending. In a central college every student 
 might enjoy the tuition of every professor in the Pro- 
 vince. A much greater variety of courses of study 
 would therefore be open to him. Liberal education 
 may be obtained by any one of a great many courses. 
 Which should be adopted by any student must be 
 determined by his tastes and powers, or by his pre- 
 determined vocation in life. In a central college 
 arrangements could readily t)o made whereby a student 
 might study a large number of subjects in an element- 
 ary manner, as is for the most part our cnston: at 
 present, or a smaller number of subjects to greater 
 depth. The curriculum might in fact be made so 
 elastic as to be suited to the tastes, ywwers and pros- 
 pects of all students. 
 
 11. In subjects such as Classics and Mathematics, 
 in some departnjents ol wliich drill or individual atten 
 tion to students is particularly necessary, theaie ends 
 would be better secured by a given number of pro- 
 fessors in a central University than in the present 
 small colleges. 
 
 12. Specialization of subject would enable us 
 
 
Halifax, AiigvM, ISSl. 
 
 Sir 
 
 A liampldet exphtining the ohjeds of fJa' 
 Society for Promoting University Consoliclatitni 
 is mailed to your address. 
 
 Shoxdd you ivish to become a metnher of the 
 Association please sign the annexed form, avd 
 address it to me. You will perceive that uo fees 
 of amy Jdvd are required in order to member- 
 ship, as the funds necessary to meet the expenses 
 of the Association are to be defrayed, by volun- 
 tary contributions. 
 
 B. RUSSELL, 
 
 Barrister, etc. 
 161 HoLLis St., Halifax, N. S. 
 
i|! 
 
aTo the ^Sctrctitrp of the 
 
 for PiiiotiBg ^liveiiy taiiii 
 
 Sir, 
 
 I desire to become a member of litis 
 
 Association, and aathorlze yoa to sign the Con- 
 
 stitution in my name. 
 
 Yours, etc. 
 
 Name, 
 
 P. 0. Address, 
 
p 
 
13 
 
 1)oth to obtain and to retain the services of professors 
 who are experts in special departi.ients. Such men 
 are generally unwilling to undertake to teach any other 
 departments than those in which th<jy are specially 
 interested. In fact, in the present state of science 
 there are few men who ore thoroughly versed in more 
 than one department. 
 
 13. Consolidation of our colleges would render 
 accessible to all our students the libraries of all our 
 colleges. None of them are very good ; some are very 
 poor, — all together would bo far better than any one. 
 It would moreover enable us to add to them with far 
 greater rapidity than we now can. In our present 
 state we must purchase six coj>ies of a work in order 
 that the students tf all our colleges may have access to 
 it. Consolidation of two, three, or four of our colleges 
 would enable us to add to the books accessible to all 
 our students at twice, thrice, or four times our present 
 rate. - - ■-■ :,,.,. 
 
 14. Consolidation would enable us, in time, to 
 build up laboratories such as isolated we cannot hope 
 to obtain, while it would at once enable all our students 
 to use the best we now have. It would also increase, 
 as in the case of libraries, the rate at which we can 
 add to our stock of apparatus. Scientific laboratories 
 and museums such as are necessary to the education ot 
 men who are to be engaged in the development of a 
 country like ours, cost large sums of money. That we 
 should obtain the necessary funds to have them at all 
 of our colleges is quite impossible. A concentration 
 
14 
 
 of our forces in ono college is the only means by whicli 
 they can bd obtained. 
 
 15. The effect which would be produced on our 
 professors by the specialization of their subjects, the 
 bracing atmosphere of a large University, and the 
 &cilities for work which would be afforded by en- 
 larged libraries and properly equipped laboratories and 
 museums, would be altogether beneficial. Under our 
 present system we do all we can to make them mere 
 retailers of knowledge. In a central college they 
 ■would have every encouragement to become centres of 
 literary progress and originators in scientific research ; 
 and the intellectual activity and inventive power of 
 their students would be stimulated by contact with 
 living M'orking men. 
 
 IG. Consolidation would increase the efficiency of 
 the Medical School, which, through lack of endow- 
 ments and laboratory appliances, works at present 
 under great disadvantages. It would naturally become 
 a Faculty of the central University, and would thus 
 be provided at once with chairs of Chemistry, Botany 
 Mid Zoology, and ultimately with well equipped labor- 
 atories of all kinds ; while as a part of the University 
 in which all our people would be interested, its chairs 
 might in time be endowed. 
 
 17. Consolidation would facilitate the foundation 
 of a Law School. As a Faculty of the University it 
 ■would enjoy both the services of the Professors of 
 History and Political Science, and a share of the bene- 
 factions of the possessors of wealth and public spirit. 
 
15 
 
 18. Consolidation vvonlJ render possible the foun- 
 dation of Schools of Applied Science. By providing 
 for tlie thorough education of our young men in farm- 
 ing, mining and engineering, an impetus would be 
 given to the development of our resources such as the 
 country has never felt before. Men cannot farm, 
 mine, or manufacture without knowing how ; and in 
 these days of active competiticni they cannot know 
 how without having enjoyed the advantages of scien- 
 tific education. 
 
 An efficient School of Agriculture, Mining and 
 Engineering, would require thorough teaching in the 
 following departments : — Mfithematics, Physics, Chem- 
 istry, (iiicluding Metallurgy), Biology, Geology and 
 Mineralog}', Engineering and Drawing, Mining and 
 Agricnltun\ It is evident that no one of our "colleges 
 lias any prospect of ever being able to endow these 
 cliairs. Certainly none of them can do so now. Inter- 
 collegiate jealousy prevents any concentration of effort 
 for this purpose on any one college, and the public 
 treasury is not so well supplied as to permit of tho 
 foundation of special technological schools. Consoli- 
 dation would enable us to establish such schools at 
 once. A central college would already bo provided 
 with all the necessary chairs except Agriculture ; and , 
 
 as the union of the colleges would have annihilated -ulOii^^ 
 sectarian jealousy in educational matters, no difficulty ^tc Xcc 
 would be experienced in raising an endowment for this 
 dcpaitment. The Province would thus gain a kind of 
 education which would be an inestimable boon. ^- Any 
 
 ^ Lit ^i^^ fee t*(^^ J i ^t^-v k-^xt^Tf^^. Xt-o^ty^ 
 
 ►-•■• , ' 
 
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 one wlio knows how our liiriiis and mines are w«irkeil, 
 und witij what scanty knowledge our artisans are pro- 
 vided, must recognize at once the necessity of educating 
 our young men so that they may be ahle to abandon 
 haphazard methods and rules of thumb, and to do 
 their work with intelligence and t^kill. 
 
 19. Consolidation of our colleges would improve 
 the theological education of the Province, by relieving 
 the churches of the burthen of providing literary and 
 ^ philosophical training, and enabling them to devote all 
 their energy to the support and improvement of their 
 Divinity schools. In more quiet times one or two 
 professors may have been suliicient to prepare the 
 clergyman for liis work ; now, however, when one 
 who lias the cure of souls must be ready to meet the 
 attacks of numberless assailants, it is of vast conse- 
 quence that the churches should give the training 
 schools of the clergy the utmost [)ossible strength. It 
 may be noted here that consolidation would not inter- 
 fere in the least with the religious and moral educa- 
 tion furnished by colleges within whoso walls students 
 would reside. Such education is given through the 
 agency of special instruction in religious knowledge, of 
 the discipline of collegiate rules, and of the personal 
 intercourse between Students and the Fellows or other 
 officers of the College. Consolidation requires simply 
 that our Professors of literary, philosophical and tech- 
 nical subjects, should form the Faculty of the 
 University, and lecture in one place. Around this 
 University colleges of residence might be founded by 
 
 
5 worked, 
 \ arc pro- 
 educating 
 abandon 
 id to do 
 
 nnprove 
 relieving 
 irary and 
 levote all 
 t of their 
 i or two 
 pare the 
 hen one 
 meet the 
 it cons«- 
 
 training 
 
 gth. 
 
 It 
 
 ot inter- 
 1 eduea- 
 studentf, 
 ugh tlio 
 ledge, of 
 personal 
 or other 
 J simply 
 id tech- 
 of the 
 nd this 
 ided by 
 
 17 
 
 any de'nominntions whatever, and the Fellows of such 
 colleges could provide such religious and moral educa- 
 tion as might be considered advisable. The college of 
 residence of any denomination might be combined 
 ■with its Divinity School, in which case all the students 
 of that denomination might reside together under tho 
 care of the professors of its Divinity. 
 
 20. The governing body of the Central College 
 "will undoubtedly be composed of the leading members 
 of the different denominations which may agree to 
 consolidate their colleges. The faculty of the Central 
 College will be selected from the faculties of the exist- 
 ing colleges. In these facts the public have a guarantee 
 that the Central College will command the perfect con- 
 fidence of tlie Christian people of the Province. 
 
 21. Consolidation would encourage our' wealthy 
 men to endow the higher education in an adequate 
 manner. At present, possible donors are discouraged, 
 for the colleges are so small that their benefactors can 
 influence the lives of but few men, so numerous that 
 in giving funds to one college they are likely but 
 rendering possible at one place a kind of education 
 already provided in another, and so weak that they 
 have no assurance of the permanence of the college 
 •which they might feel inclined to endow. Consolida- 
 tion would ensure the enjoyment of the fruit of their 
 munificence by the youth of the province, would 
 enable every donation to be applied to the satisfaction 
 of an educational want felt by ail, and would furnish 
 a permanent temple in which men might build for 
 themselves imperishable monuments. 
 
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 22. It woiiUl result from the concentrnlioii of 
 inteiesi thus })ro(luce(l that the sahiries of Piofessors 
 inij^ht ultimately be raised to an amount which would 
 iniluce men of the ttrst rank to occupy our Professor- 
 Bhips. 
 
 23. Consolidation would result in u stronpc attHch- 
 ment on the part of graduates towards their Alma 
 Mater, and consequently to enthnsiasm and liberality 
 in her support. The educatioiml faf'Hties provided by 
 the present colleges are far inferior to those of other 
 countries. Young men jfind that the education fur- 
 nished by our colleges is not what it ought to be. They 
 are forced to go abroad for the study of law, engineer- 
 ing, mining and agriculture, and this necessity restricts 
 complete education in these departments to the wealthy. 
 It is not wonderful that the alumni of the various 
 colleges shew little zeal in their support. If they 
 recognised as their Alma Mater a University which 
 had provided them with the educational facilities 
 possessed by the youth of other lands, they would love 
 lier for what she had done for them and cherish her 
 for what she would do for their sons. 
 
 24. It is worthy of mention that a policy which 
 would give the Province thorough education in all 
 departments would tend to retain for the Provinces the 
 services of her most promising men, who irhder tho 
 present system, being forced to go abroad for training 
 in special subjects, and being attracted by the pros- 
 pects offered by the countries in which they are 
 educited, in many cases never return. 
 
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 25. Consolidation is the only means of raising 
 the stantlard of Nova Scotian education to that of the 
 education of the Upper Provinces. Nova Scotia is 
 now a ])art of a great commonwealth whose different 
 provinces are being brought daily into more active 
 competition with one another. There can be no inter- 
 provincial protection. Our f\irmers must compete 
 with the farmers of the Wesst ; our miners with the 
 miners of Lake Superior ; our manufacturers with the 
 manufacturers of Ontario and Quebec, and our politicians 
 must meet on the floor of the House of Commons the 
 politicians of the other Provinces. Whether or not 
 Nova Scotia is to hohi her own in these varied forms 
 of competitiwn must depend greatly upon the education 
 which W6 offer to our young men. The Upper Pro- 
 vinces possess comparatively well endowed Universities 
 and Schools of Applied Science. The Maritime Pro- 
 vinces have only small, weak, ill-endowed colleges. 
 So far as the potent factor of education is concerned, 
 therefore, we have made success easy for our competir 
 tors. Wo can put our young men on an equal footing 
 with those of the Upper Provinces only by the estab-. 
 lishraent of a well-equipped University, and such a 
 University can be established only by the policy of 
 Consolidation. 
 
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CONSTITUTIOJNT. 
 
 1. • ■. 
 
 Art I. This Aasociatiou shall be called the Asso- 
 ciation for promoting University Consolidation. 
 
 Art IL The object of this Association shall be 
 the consolidation of the colleges at present sup;* rted 
 by the people of Nova Scotia. ^ 
 
 Art III. Any person who approves of the object 
 of this Association shall be eligible for niembei-ship 
 and shall become a member upon signing this constitu- 
 tion. 
 
 Art IV. The expenses of this Association shall be 
 defrayed by voluntary contribution. 
 
 Art. v.— Sec. 1. The officers of this Association 
 shall be a President, seven Vice-Presidents, two 
 Secretaries and a Treasurer. 
 
 Sec. 2. The Executive Committee shall consist of 
 the officers and six others, being members of this 
 Association. The Executive Committee shall have 
 power to add at any time to their numbers as many of 
 the members of the Association as they may see fit. 
 Five members of their Committee shall constitute a 
 quorum. 
 
 Sec. 3. The officers and other members of the 
 Executive Committee shall be elected annually at a 
 General Meeting of the Association. 
 
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 Sec. Jf.. Tho Executive Committee shall have power 
 to fill any offices which may at any time become vacant. 
 
 Art. VI. A General Meeting of this Association 
 shall be held at Halifax oncii a year, in the last week 
 of Decern b'^r. Special meetings of the Association 
 may be called by the Executive Committee at any 
 time, and must be called by said Coinmittee on the 
 requisition of twelve members of the Association. At 
 least ten days' notice of the time and place of all meet- 
 tings of the Association and of the object of special 
 meetings must be given by advertisement. 
 
 Art VTI. — S>o.c. 1. The Executive Committee shall 
 have full power to take any action whatever, in fur- 
 therance of the object of this Association and consistent 
 with the provisions of this Constitution. 
 
 Hec. 2. The Committee shall report annually to 
 the Association at its General Meeting in December. 
 
 Sec. S. The Committee may at any time be com- 
 pelled to report to the Association at a special meeting 
 on the icfjuisition Do that effect .^igned by at least 
 twelve members of the Association. 
 
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