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 \/ 
 
 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA 
 
 ROBERT BELL, M.D., D.So. (Cantab.), LL.D., F.R.S., I.S.O. 
 
 RECENT 
 MINERAL DISCOVERIES 
 
 ON 
 
 WINDY ARM, TAGISH LAKE 
 YUKON 
 
 BT 
 
 R. G. McCONNELL, B.A. 
 
 OTTAWA 
 
 PRINTED BY S. E. DAWSON, PRINTER TO THE KING'S MOST 
 EXCELLENT MAJESTY 
 
 1905 
 
m^^y^' 
 
 . t-'-^i.;;.- A,^^-,^...iA]Cj-';;xs:; ^■,^tJi-s,:i4ii^^ac-_ia5,-« 
 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA 
 
 KOBERT BELL, M.D., D.So. (Cantab.), LL.D.. F.R.S., I H.O. 
 
 RECENT 
 MINERAL DISCOVERIES 
 
 oir 
 
 WINDY ARM, TAGTSH LAKE 
 YUKON 
 
 BY 
 
 R. G. McCOXNELL, B.A. 
 
 oTTA^^'A 
 
 PRINTED BY S K. DAWsoN, I'ltlMKU TO THE KING'.S M'r'ST 
 
 KXCELl.KNI' -MAJESrY 
 
 1900 
 
 =.- _:-,i*s>'j.7i-' 
 
llmiAit Bell, M.D.. D.S.., (( ;iiitali), J.1..0., IMS.. I.S.O., 
 
 A';tiiiK Deputy Ili'ail anil Dlrii'tor, 
 
 ( i(>()li>^rical Suivt.v nf Cauaila. 
 
 SiH, — I bcjjT til sutiiiiit till' t'.ill.iuinir piirral ili--i-ri|itiiiii ut' tlir n-ii nt 
 iiuiiortaiit mineral di^envirii s cu Wiiiily Arm ut' Taf;i-ii lake, Y. T. 
 OwiriK to the interest exeiteil liy the iii<enverie-. a inirriiil exatiiinal imi 
 of the ili>triet was niaile en my way liaek frmri the White Kiver eouiiti-y 
 in SepteiiihiT last. 
 
 1 have the iiiinuur te lie, -^i.. 
 
 ^'ciur uliiilient servant. 
 
 R. G. .McCONXKI.I.. 
 
 (iKI 'LOGICAL SLRVEY Oll'lCE, 
 
 XovemlK-r 27, 19(15. 
 
 1410- 
 
 
<;- *f V'f.i-I t" L^ ' 
 
 ;■-»'• -VSzt.< ■■•r.'lTfc*—-.A-rl 
 
THK RECENT MINEIUE 1)ISC()\ EIUES 
 
 ON 
 
 \\LNDY AIIM OF TAGISH LAKE. YIH^ON 
 
 SITIATION AM) COMAirNKATIOXS. 
 
 Till' priiii'iinil oi'c ilcpn^iis; s(i fill- ilix .jvcrcil occur (mi iln' wef^t >iiU' of 
 Windy Arm, a xnithcrlj- lirinich of I.;ikc 'I'lifjisli. 'I'njrish liikc foriiU'^ i)art 
 of ;\ chain of long narrow lakes iiiclii(lin>r, in order from nnrili tn 
 soutii, Lake- l.in.lcnuin. Urmictt. .\a'.-. I^ifii.-ii ;;ii(l Ahir-li, which cnm^ 
 niencc well within tiic ("(pa<t Kiiiii^i' of mountain- and extend nurtliwarii 
 anil eastward for a di-tan(».- of nearly st'venty miles. The general direc- 
 tion nf all these lakes i- north iind .-(nuli. with ih'.' e\e< (ition of Lake 
 Nares and tin upper part of 'I'anish lake, which hav( an ea-t aiul west 
 aliirnmcnt. Windy Arms join- Tagish lake near it- head and ext'iids 
 -ouih for a di.-taiiee (d' twidve inili.s. Its cour-e is ne:ir!y parallel to thai 
 of 15enn<'tt lake and the two -heet of water inclose an ara of hijih irionn- 
 i.iinoiis oonntry ai)onf eifrhl mill's in wiilth. the -.'.ne of flii^ jjrineipal 
 I. cent di.scoveries. 
 
 The White 1'a.s.s and Yukon llailway ntfoi-d- ■ a-y eomninnicalion to 
 the new mining district. This iim-. nfter cro — Iiil' the ( 'oa-t IJange. foiluv.- 
 the o'lst shore of Bennett lake to (^irio iii (!rossinj, at th" foot of the 
 lake, from which point st<'a!nera run to Conrad Cily, on Wimly Arm, the 
 -hipping iioiiit cd' the mines. The total di-tance from tide water at Skag- 
 way, to Conrad City, is TO miles, of which IJT'.") ndli.- is nuide at present 
 hy rail, and 1 1 •."> miles liy water. .V railway can easily \m- liuilt from 
 Carihou Cr.'s-ing alonjr the shore- of Lid-;.' .Vans. Tajiish lake and Windv 
 
1] 
 
 CKiil.dlMI M. srilVKV <il- CANAIIA 
 
 Arm til ('iiiira<l C'ilv. luni surveys t'nr oiir liiivc iilrciidy liccii iiiiid*' by tlin 
 <nninc<^rs cif tin' Wliitc I';\s< iiiid Vukiiii l{i\il\v;iy. A socoijd route from 
 Imi; Caliiii i-tati(iii., im tlio main iiii< (d llic \VLil<' I'a.ss and Yukon Rail- 
 way, aliovc IJciiiictI lake, liy way of 'I'lit.-lii lake tci Windy Artn, lias al-n 
 hccii iir(]|iii-i(l. Tile iliviiiiicc tn tide \val<'r wnnld ln' rcMluci'd cuiisidiraldy 
 liy tliis rnul<\ l.nt the iniliaf;<' of new line necessary would be proater. 
 
 ('iiAKA< tF':k of (OIXTRV. 
 
 Tile ('(luntry Imrdcriiifr the iiDi-llicasleni slo])c of the Cua t Raiifje, in- 
 (ludiiifr the Windy Arm niiniiifi: ilistriet, may be eliaraeteri/ed generally 
 as (■(jiisislinp of a sy.stem of wide valli y.s. eft'ii iiiterlockiiifj: in a peculiar 
 manniT. seiiaratid by mountain jrroups and riilnes rising from 4,(M)() to 
 ri.(Ml(i tVi't aliove th- valley llats. Most of the valleys are bottomeil at 
 intervals with lonp, nai'row. dn'|i laki s, ilue tii the blocking of the cliaumd 
 at various points wilii glai'ial drift. The uplands are iisi.j-.y fairly 
 regular in outliui'. but in places ar<' exci'(>ilingly rugied and are often 
 dc<'ply iUi-i.sed by till' uuiiiiTou.~ sniall slreaais wliicli flow down llioir 
 sides. 
 
 The forest growth is spar.se and is contimd to the valliy flats ,ind lower 
 slopes of the mouiitiiins. At an <devatioii of l>.(I(IO feet above the valley 
 lioltonis the fori-i practically i'<'a.-es. The prim-ipal trees in the district 
 ari' the white and black spruces, the n.sp<n. the balsam poplar, the balsam 
 fir and tlu> black pine. The -upidy of rough lumber within ea.sy distance 
 
 of tho ramp siiitali'e for oi-diuary iiiiiiiiiLi' piiipo-i ., i.s aui|ilc for i y- ar~ 
 
 at least. 
 
 I 
 
 (iKOLO(;Y. 
 
 The uiin.ralizi d area on Windy .\rm is .-ituated a few miles north of 
 the great gr.-inile .irea of ihr Coa-t li'angr. The rorks oiiioropplng along 
 till' lowvr iiari of Windy .\riu i sij.| of a wide band of cry.stalline lime- 
 stone, t'ojlowid. g lug .r.lli. liy li.ird -iaii > and sliale- pas.~ing in plare, 
 into felds)iathic quarl/.itcs and a~.-oriat<d with dark and gray cherts and 
 red jaspers. This clastic serio- is cut of anl r '1)1 ii' ■ 1 about livi' miles 
 above the iiioi'th of ihv .\rm by an eruptive rock of a porphyrilic chaiac- 
 tic. exposures of wliii-b outcrop along tic shores of the .\rni for a dis- 
 taiiro of ab.iiil live mil. s. Tlii- iiorpliyril:' i- I'ollowi il, g.iini; -oin huard. 
 by strongly cleaved dark argilliles and fine graiiii d tufaceous sandstones 
 alliruat iiig with bands of conglonu ral< s and linie.slonc. Tbiso rocks are 
 los.- allrnd than tbo ~lates and a-..-oi-ialiil rocks north of tic- porphyrite 
 
\|i-( (i\\i;ij.. 
 
 UINDV MtM, Yl'KOy 
 
 1 
 
 urea but no data siifficioiit tu .l. toriniiic tlio ago were fibtained. Thoy aro 
 nut off a few niilos south of Windy Ann l.y the gnat granite ninss of the 
 <^oast Uanp'. 
 
 Thn porphyritif rook soiiaratijig tho two series of clastic mcks consti- 
 tiit<-i tho principal nictallifi-rou.s fonnati'iu of flic district. It cr()ss<'.s 
 from Windy Arm to Bennctl lake in a band ahimt four milc-i in widtli 
 and also extends som<; distance casi of Wimly Ann. it has not been 
 .studied in detail, but is evideiilly -nmewhat eounlex in cliaracler. A 
 tine-ftrained somewhat altered specimen cidlccted i. ... the Montana vein 
 lias the character of a porphyritc, while one from R'l i)c 'r mountain 
 jiroved to 1* a gabbro. The two types may represent portions of \ho sam(> 
 nnigina co(ded at different deptlus. The jirincipai structural feature of the 
 porphyiite-gabbro area is the system or systems of .--tronR jointaRc planes 
 that intersect it everywhere. 'I he joints, like the veins, show little paral- 
 lelism in either dip or strike in differenl parts of the area. Tiie porpby- 
 rite in many iilaces i.s lieavily (barfred wilii iron and weathers to a ru.sty 
 colour. 
 
 A granite area alioni tliree mib s i)i uiiilb oei'uiv on l-aUe iieuniil 
 north cjf the porphyrites and a^soinated roi'ks. Tho granite is separated 
 from lb<' latter on the lake shore by a narrow band of sl.iie, and lime- 
 slone~. but. I'nrtiier inland, eomcs in contact with them. It is a iiicdimn 
 ;;rainid. gray rui'k -iniilar lo ihi ' 'e.'-t !i;iiil;i' ;:r;:iiili> and ]irc.Iial)ly be- 
 longing to the same period of igneous activity. 
 
 r 
 
 (:|:M;I!.\I, CIIARArril; ok \ |;|\s. 
 
 The largest and most jn rsi>tent veins .-o far di-i^ovei'ed occur In the 
 ))orphyrite area. They arc not, howev r. eontined to this formation, a few 
 
 occurring in the granit(> ami son;e. also, in tlie -hitrs. Tlie vein- npy 
 
 typical clean-iMit fis~ures uitii regular wall- olt n -lieken-ided aiul grooved. 
 'I'bey are eoinparat ivi^jy narrow l)nt as a rule exhibit remarkable persist- 
 ency in strike. Tlu' riainis vein, with a width of froi n to lour feet. 
 
 has b(>en traced by small openings and snrlaec showing- I'or a di-taiice (d' 
 about l.."il)(> feet and may extend mueh farther, while tbi' .Montana vein, 
 with a maximum widtli of live t'e<'l i-i the jiortioii exjilon d. has apparently 
 been cut at a di-t.'iiK'c ot l.i^OO I'ec t fioni the main working.- and may also 
 (d' ecuir-e be xcry iniiili !■ tiger. 'I he \'eniis .\o. -2 lead ftiie largisl seen 
 by the wrili 1') lias a width cd' nine I'. ( t .it two openings about KlO feit 
 apart, and .mist extend for long distmices in bob directions. Numerous 
 othia- veins -neh as tlie .M. and M.. the doe I'etty and Venus .\o. 1 are 
 traceable by -urfaee outcrops foi' .s(\(.ral biiiidnd fert. i'ortions of ,-ill 
 
" (IKOMHJICAL SURVEY OF CANADA 
 
 these Veins arc coiiconloil hy sli.l,. rocUs ami tlu'ir full 1, ;,:rlli was ii,,t nsc.'r- 
 taiiied. 
 
 I'hf (lip and sirike of the veins are exeeedinirly irnrnlar. The Mon- 
 tana vein strikes X. ■):! \V.. wliile th<' .lireeticjn .1' V( nus N.i. l' is al.out 
 -V. 42 E. 'I'lie M. and .\1. strik.s nrariv north ami south. The dips are 
 nearly all to the ionth and \V( st and vary in -iMiaas, /roni 12° in the 
 Montana to .".O"' in V<>nns ^'o. 1. 
 
 Thufianpne in all the veins is mainly .piartz. Sinirle and innltipl,^ lliie- 
 «( interloekinfr <inartz rry-lals i- a e.jnstani t'e;:turc. In a few instances, 
 portions of the vein-fillin;r consi-t of allernatintr layers of qnartz an<l 
 <-onntry n-rk. 'i he latter, in >neh ease.s. is always heavily mineralized, 
 nsiially with iron, and weathei's to a rnsly eolonr. 
 
 The list ni initallic' minerals eonlalmd in tiie veins as identified in the 
 ticdd, and in tjie laboratory of the Survey from speeimen.s hronsht haek hy 
 the writer incd\nh s th<> followinfj: — 
 
 .A-//UT Ni/rer.— Oc-urs in -ni.ill spani;!, - .ii.d in win^ fomi in the :Mon- 
 lana and Tranns veins. 
 
 Anini/ilr.^-l^ found in -.ni. of t],,, M-i,,- Im i. i,,,t ,il,u,idanl. 
 
 >7e;*/onu7e.--(>eenr- in .--evi rai of the vein- an, I is an important sonre,. 
 of .silver. 
 
 J-rnl,n-<iilc.--\ dark, hij:h'y aryentilerou-. mineral ..e.-nrrinir in some 
 
 ahumlanee in the Joe I'rlly. Montana, and -oni ' ilie other (daims has 
 
 l.een referred tenlatiwiy to this s!„,-i,s. A jiarlial analy>i> hy .Mr. Con- 
 nor >howed it to eonlain .-opper. -[\v,v. y.hu: ai>. nir, iron, sulphur and an- 
 timony, the .■on-tilmnt- ,.f In Iheruil,.. I h,^ ,•,,,, |:,.r penvnta;.'./ in tho spe- 
 oinien .■.\amii d .-nriouiited to U nor . . nt and tli,. mIv, r to :!7 per eiMil, 
 
 I'unirtuiiilr (l;,,|,y Silv.r), 'IIm- lirh ,ii^.r niiuor.d M,.,.,ir- ii ,t 
 
 o| tho VI in-, -imoiinii- in .oii-idi r;,Mo iimniiiy. 
 
 '."/.'//./.--This mimral o,.r-ur- in all il:,- v,in- and is n.-ualiy liiKldy 
 .iriiintiferous. 
 
 7,'/'/v;/,,(//Wr'. -.\rgcniiferou.s tetrahedrite oeenrs in -mall ipiantitics 
 in ihe Montana. .\1. and .M.. and piohal.ly in oil,, r eiaim-. 
 
 '7,,(/,f,/'.//c//r.— Oeenrs in tho Silver Clif,' and othor (daims oa-l of 
 Windy .\rm. 
 
 Sdlivr Cui,).,,-. (),(Mir- in il:o Millci. I'', dora and other claims , a-t of 
 Windy .\rm. 
 
MIC (INXKI.I . 
 
 WINDY AI!M, VIKO.N 
 
 Mnlaclntr; mid Aziiiih\—(;fif]\ :<ui] blue iiicni^t.-itintw iiiid stnin.* rc- 
 iVrablo In the cdiipir ri.rLuiKitc- iii:.| due to the leachiui.' (.ut of thv .-upiier 
 ill the tetnilicdriU; aud freiliergito i,ceur in iiiosi uf thi; veins. 
 
 Siirciiiieiis of a fe'i-em mineral stated tn li,. a silver ehloride proved on 
 exaininatiou to be a copper carbonate. It is possible that .-ueji a ebloridt; 
 is present in -o,no of the veins but it c(juld not be detected in the speci- 
 mens examined. 
 
 Iron i';/;-i7c.— ('..mnion in all the veins. 
 
 Ai\s<'nopyi-!t,'.~Oi-c\\rs in a number of tlie \ein,- but i=< usually -ubor- 
 linate in (luantitj- to the iron T'yrilc. 
 
 I'l/irhodlc.' Occur- ii: lh, 
 
 !y .lung group. 
 
 >>/('(/cn^'.— Zinc-blemic occur.-, >paringly in most of the veins ex- 
 amined. 
 
 MI.NIXC DKVEI.OI'MKXT. 
 
 Mont<iiHi.^~-TU\s important vein i- situated ,,n a bleak liill.-idi' ai)ont 
 :!,T00 fi'ct above Wiudy .\rm and Tj.mIO fi'cf ab:ivc the sc;i. ,Vn norial tram- 
 way, four miles in icnjrth. counectinfi- it with Conrad City, on the lake 
 shore, was nearly c.miplctcd at tlie time of my visit. .\t firrsrnt, all sup- 
 plies and materials for tin- mine, including' rircwomk ;ire packed on horses. 
 
 The primdpa! w.rkinps consist of a drift ISO feet in Jenffth. The drift 
 luerces 50 feet of slide i,,ck, then nacl- and follows the vein. .\ small 
 fau'l. with :, disidaci nicnt of -cV( n I'c-t. wa- . n-ounlcrcil at one point. The 
 ^iriku of the vein id X. Jij VV., and the dip JO to \-2 <n ih.. S.W. 'I'he width 
 of the vein increa.ses from about two feet near the m.mth of the drift to 
 nearly live f, et at the face. Some stopm^r has been dene anci a eonsiderablc 
 4Uantii.\ of (ir(; has Iieen shipped. 
 
 'i'he nv minerals iTiidude native >ilver. pyrarfryrite, argentit<s freiber- 
 ivite ('.). letrahedritc. yalena. and iron ;ind .irsenical pyrites. The dislri- 
 liMtirui „f the minerals through the (punt/, -angue is somewhat irregular. 
 In places, es])ecially near the walls, the vein matter is so tliorouiihly im- 
 piv.uuaicd W'lb silver bearini;- nunerals that it is ricli ;uou}.di lo -liip with- 
 out I'uich -^"rtin,!;- tliiil is, it contains values of ,*S0 per t(ni aiul over, 'i'he 
 leatar p.irtiou of the vein will nMinire conceniration. 
 
 'I'lic ^riul•i.^•!l values in ti.c vein arc in .silver. Tile fcn-Htriuous p..rlioii 
 "I ilic vein is -tated lo al.so cariv ,-omi' values in sroid. 
 
10 
 
 l.lJPl.iK.ll Al. >l KM::^ (U ( ANAhA 
 
 At tile lime (if my vi.sit ,i ^civnirl ilritt. iiii '.ilccl lu cul llir M(piiliiii:i 
 vein 111 ;i ilistjiiiiv of I.HOO h el in ;i iiurtli\vc~tiTly ilircrtidu Iniiii tlic iiiaiii 
 wnrkiriKb, was l)(.'iiig <ii-i\(n, mustiy tliveuiili -li'lc ruck. The two \vorkint;s 
 arc cdiiiicctcc] liy a line ,,( tlnnt nrc and in place- where tlie -iirfacc is bare 
 I'y <iuteropiiiii-;s : tlic n;ana;^enienr wen- cuntiiicnl tliat tin vein ext«'nilcil 
 at k-n.st tliat far. .'-^iiic'- leavin.Lr llie camp llie \cin (i.r a vein .-tat<'(l to 
 rc.<en;lile tlw .Montana \i in in j;en ral cluiracli r) i- n-^ lei.l to have ln-eii 
 .-truck. 
 
 i'ranii.i. — Tlie Frann- vin i- -itnated jnsl aliove the fork- of I'ooly 
 creek, a small >treani Iriinitary l-i Windy Ann. It is distant from the 
 Montana v(>in almut a mile in a southerly direction, and from the lake 
 aliont a mile :,iid a half. Tlie elevation ahovo the lake i.s api>roxiinati>!y 
 l',UOO feet. I he Uraiuis Vein i.- traceable hy numerons surface outcrops 
 in a direction a ftw degrees (j;u-<t of south fro n lii.' north to tlij south 
 hranch of Pooly creek, a distance of alumt I.-IOO feet. The vein crosses 
 a hi.di rid.ne separating llw two creeks a"(l is thus exposed iiaturully in 
 depth ( -v some handrcds of feet. A tunnel -tartitii;- at the south fork ha- 
 heeii driven l^o i\K\ aloni; thi' xcin. \>hic]i dijis to ilu^ \\(st at an an<;le 
 of .-dioul |((' anil varies in width from a few inches to three or l'o\ir 
 f^Y't. It ca'-ries I'onsidf rahlc (pi-inlilie- of irmhi', arirentifcrous t;-alena 
 aiicl also (ionie native silv< r. ruh.v silver and iron and ar.senie -ulphides. A 
 few toii.s of sorted .n 1l \c hen -hippcfi. 
 
 Oili'-r iniporlanl veins in the ,icin:iy of I'ooly ei-cck and its liranehos 
 arc tln' Joe Tetty and the ,M and .M. 'I'lie .loc Petty i.s a very strnnp vein. 
 .\ -haft follow iiif;- the lead has Ik en -nnk al one point to a depth of about 
 tifty feet, showing a vein fully .-ix fee; in width, 'rhe vein material oon- 
 -ists of altern.alinj; biinds of (|uartz and -ilieitieii ami mini>ralize;i ootintry 
 rock earryini;' layers ai:d scattered i;r;'ins ajiil cr,v.-tal- of the rich silver 
 .iml .silvir-l . :iinL; niinei'als (d' the di.-i viol, '{'he .M and .M i- a mnch nar- 
 rower \cin -(Idem cNceeilin;; i\m1\c i.. lilt.ci; inches in thickness, but is 
 ■,oi-y ]iersisti lit in strike. It is Irac'ahle on the .-urfac-e for several hnn- 
 dre<l feel al I a-l. d hi.- vein i.s e-pieially rich in places in hinh >;rade sil- 
 ver mineral- .-uch as pyraivyrite. stcph.anite and th" .sulph-antiiiKjnite 
 !'(d'i'rr<-'d a- fiv ibergite. 
 
 Another important uronp of dai u- i- -ilual-d -outh of I'ooly i;ro. k 
 and about half a mile west of Windy .\rni. ddii- group iindudcs, among 
 others. X'enns .No. 1, \'emis .\o. J, and Ruby ."-^ilver. .\o work wii.s being 
 done on thi'tn at die tim of I'ly visit. Veiiu.s No. -J i.s an excei'dinglv 
 -troiit; \ein. ■III. . idv work- done on it coiisi.sts ,,f iwo -hallow o|H'nini;s 
 
WINDY ABM^ YUKON 
 
 11 
 
 about 400 feet iip.irt. '1 hese show a vein fully nine feot in width. The 
 vein-filling consists of three and nine inches of quartz along the foot- 
 wall, followed liy alternating bands of quartz and decomposed and miner- 
 alized country rock. The orn is principally argentiferous galena. Oood 
 assays in gold are stated to have been (jbtained from this vein. Venus 
 No. 1 ia a smaller vein. A shaft following the vein has been sunk on it to 
 a depth of fifty-two feet. This shows a quartz vein, increasing in width 
 from ten inclus at the sur!'ac(> to about thirty inches at the foot of the 
 shaft, bordered by several feet of decoiuposed and mineralized country 
 rock, fissured parallel to the vein. Fifteen ton.s of ore obtained in sink- 
 ing the shaft and shipped t" mitside sineJKrs are stated to have averaged 
 $(!.'■) iM'r ton in silver. Huby Silver is a iiar/ow siliceous vein spotted, in 
 places, with ilie mineral fn.m which it ta' as its name. Very little de- 
 velopment work has Ikcii ijone on it. 
 
 South of the Venus group, and apparently in the same zone of frac- 
 turing, are the lied IJeer and Ilumper claims. The Humper vein, aa 
 shown in a c(iul)ie of small openings, has a width of aboiu two feet. The 
 quartz is bordered above and l,elo\v by about a foot of decomposed iron- 
 stained country rock which might be considered part of the lead. A shaft 
 twelve feet in depth has been sunk on the Ilumper Extension, an adjoin- 
 ing claim on the <>ast. The vein followed ha.s a width of about fifteen 
 inches. '! he ore on the <lumps .showed galena, ruby-silver, stephanito and 
 green copper carbonate, probably derived from tetrahedrite. 
 
 About a mile north of the ifontana is the Big Thing group. The con- 
 ditions here pre different, as the country rock is granite. A considerable 
 body ,,f loo..*.. ,,re, principally argentiferoiis galena, evidently derived from 
 a strong vein, occurs on one of the claims. The vein had not been deter- 
 mined at the time of my visit. A nundter of other veins are reported to 
 cross the various claims, but were not examined. 
 
 The claims briefly described above comprise only a small proportion 
 of those staked in the district, but on most of the remainder little or no 
 development work has so far be<>n done, and the time at my disposal did 
 not permit me to make a systematic examination of them. 
 
 'I ho general outlook for the camp is considered exceedingly iiroinis- 
 ing, and its oixning up marks an important event in the mining history 
 of thj country. 
 
 The mining conditions are not unfavourable. Most of the veins 
 are situated at distances of from half a mile to four miles from the lake 
 
12 
 
 GEOLOGICAL SUBVEV OF CANADA 
 
 and at flevations of from twelve huiHlrod fent to three thousand six hund- 
 red feet iilMJve it. Aerial tramways can therefore easily be constructed for 
 the carriage of the ores to the lake shore for concentration and can abo 
 be used to take supplies to the mines. Minora' wages during the past 
 seaaon iimouuted to $3.50 per day for eight hours work, and ordinary 
 labour*Ts obtained the same amount for ten hours work. The cost of sup- 
 plies, eoiisideriug the short dit^taiico to the eeaboard, and the almost con- 
 tinuous rail eoniieetion, ought to be moderate. The climate, while severe 
 during a portion of the year, will have little effect on mining operation!*. 
 
 'T^'ir^^. .-.^i':"^' i^-i' 
 
 v'-r^T'i^-^y-riiaii-" "< 
 

 niiiiiiiiiiii 
 
 TTi' 'tMi'imJkiT f aj'iT'lr^ii— r~^liiT7ii* 
 
 -•:t^--A?^- 
 
ffifolotiual.^i 
 
 ROBERT BELL aScY.'MiM/. M.D. 
 
 Drawn for photoUthography by ff FrereauH. 
 
-t-K. M.D-LL.a.FR.8. I.8.a.ACTING DIRECTOR, 
 mon. 
 
 To rrftr*rufx/fr^y Sttmmtiry Heport UMXJ 
 
 NoUm 
 
.5kiiiA!:i-. i^. 
 
 It*'