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. To the Honorable the Members of ifie'Iimh'e'of Commons, v v>
TIIK PKTlTIOX OFBARTIIOLOMKW C'ONRAI) \t;(U'8tUS (UtOY, OP QrEBEC;
(lENTI.E.ME.N,
Justice is the fir.^t intei'cft ot' ninii. i'lit Luws hid mere nltslractiohS, ilcpendiog for
their eftiencj* entirely', oji the eharactc-r and eftpncitj- of t]ie Judges bj- whom they are admin-
istered. XaWiis thrtKC wllo may he eommi«sirne;l, authorized and l)ound to mlministerthe hiwj^
may misbcimve, may he iintit «nd unworlhy, ii tribunal lor tlieir trial and jninishment hn»
been iiisfitufed. Aecordinfj to the Constitution you are members of that tribunal ; and it is iu
that caiiaeitj- that jou are now rtspoetfully addressed.
During the Session many ')ther subjoets will elaitn your attention, 'iiid you may be more
or-Tess iiicapacitate 1 from a((|uiriiig all the infortnatioh. tjiat may be indispensable to the per-
formance ofthe duties ^.hieh the Constitution, from a due regard for the rights of y^n.r fellow*
titizeas, imposes on you.
The comlitlon of .Qiirropresentntive system 'too is peciriirtrlyitnfavf»rable to those unhappy
men eoni])osing tiiC Anglian minority in this section who may elaim at your hanils relief
from opprcfsion.
How — as in reference to this subject I liave been frequently told, — hosv can the couductof
any Judge or of all the Judges in the Province of Quebec, interest any part of the population
of the western extremiiyof the Province of Ontario, or of the opposite end of the Province of
New Urunswiclf. The j'or'.'c of this observation cannot be denied; but there is a wide difl'er-
enco between tlm people and their represt'-ntatives. By election the representative uoquire-i
rights, it is true ; but election also invposes duties, lie is thereby constituted a Judge of the
Judges, and to him abne fan those who are oppress<?d"by any member of the Judiciary turn for
protection ajid relief No Judge can be sued fyr any act of commission or omission of which he
may hnvo been jndiefally g^ulty, IIo canoiily Iw iinpeaehcd, or beconje the subject of a joiitt
address of the two Houses to bring about his removal or his suSpe is'iOn. Xo member
of Parliament then can turn a deaf ear to a petition against a Judge v ithout incurring dis-
lionor and shame. And, if, as is jjossible, and has occurred, ii Judge shoi Id commitcrimes for
which a man in humble life woidd be, or ought to be cofide'>'""d to the Penitentiary, no
representative of the people can without disgrace affect ind' icrence to the subject. It is true
that lie may not have an immediate, still less a persoi.al interest in the raatler, but it is as
iucumbcnl oii hin» ( > iiuililate an enqiur^' into the truth of the charge or clmrge.-' preferred
against a Judge as to provide for the support of his family, if he have a tiimily. Both duties are
the iiecessai-y consequences of his own acts, for in the case supposed he chose to have a family
as Ii j chose to become arcjire-ientative, and as such a guardian of the rights and liberties of the-
])e«ple, and of all (he people — 'as nUicJv of the people of the other sections, ais of that of which
he is a ivpresentative. Hoping that ft is unnecessary to enlarge upon this subject to induce every
representative who is a m.iuof pringiple and inlelligence.to receive in a ^iroper spirit any accusa-
tion whieh may boproleiTed hgJiinst a Judge, 1 would refer tn the peculiar condition of the Judi-
ciary in the Province of (Jiicbec. Those who jieruse the newspapers juiblishfed in this section,
must be aware that upon this subject great dissatisfactiou prevails.und that the Court of Queen's
liench [which is the Court of Appeal, and which also excrcisojicrimiiml jurisdiction,] is more
particularly open to objpPtioii. AVithoiitat jiresent dwelling upon those comidaints, and oi.ly
instituting a cgmparison between the Judiciary (>f Ontario, who are justly held in iMHrfound
resp;>ct, invdfhat part of the Judiciary of (Quebec to which I have inlvertcl, who aroexecralcil,
I would how- rcifer.TO.a fltct which may or may not be genej-ally known, but wluch is iiin'^t
important. The Juilit-iarv of Qncbce jio.ssess much more power than tho Judges of the other
Provinces, foP hero Irmlby Jury is the e.\ception, not the rule. In nine hundred an.l ninity-
iiiuo Cftiiaesoiit tifii. thousand the Judges of (iueboc decide »/;</» tlif f<i<:t as well as the law,
MMtlioitt the iulervetition n\' a Jury Jt is only in commercial cases, and in eases of wrongs
" - ■■ ■'' '^
hiincc^itibli' of hoiiif^ I'linnKiisutwil in (lamitgos tliut a Jury can lie eiiijianollutl I" try llio iftwiii'
joiiioii. and tlion oiil^' ii^ llu; rosiilt ol' u (*|ioi'irtI applicatJw \rliirli iiiust lie niado witliin the
I'liiu' (lays sivccPeiliijgthO. Ji>iijdei' pf^*"*"*^''
i'owor. as Vrtu iiiny have Iparncil, hils a iciiileiuy Id hanleii the heart and to turn I he liead,
a> is witDQMsed luoyoor, less iit tio3'al nud ai-ifitocratie iainiHoK/nnd tlie ahovemenlioneij power
iir(lo,C'iJiu<?rtl'oiie|tWtdi«t'ljcilin;uJulx>ili'*^i' '1'*' I'ale of their felloW'-oilizeiis and rlieii' linn i lies,
hu%'tt> W.y Ccrl^in kiio\vli!(.ig(,Vexeited liiany of tlue J'inlgosof.thi.'< t*pction to deal with suitors
\\'ho irw; tJieu' htrltei's fii a C'Wtciiiptuoiis, ai'1)rtrary, lns<<leiit,. dishouorahloniidhrutal mannoV.
Vi' course there are multitudw who, jiosftistsing neither pecuniary means, nor citpaeitv, nor
inrornKilioii, are iiiieciiial to the taslcol'sclf^)rOt.Oc,tiou,ili.id iiulst endui'e oppi'o:s«voii insiionee,
>i'or arc vlioso \vho have niom\V iilwuys alile to jirneni'c pi'()lb.-<sional assistance, /"or Avilli fe^v
exeeptii'MS tlw Bar: arc in diead of llie Bench; and it iw un<lerstood that many hiwyers ih^IV
liiiv,|i(;j'es8"3i.c's>s,njX)il»Mglit Ihao upon the ari of pleasing IjyserVil-ii^:. If thoi;.tJie complaint
which f am al»ut to prclcr should induce, yon to vote for at) ouquiry, and if ajifln iiuvstij.'a-
liiin you slioukl conclude not ijiercly that] have.heen wronj^od., liutslioultj insist upon the pun-
i-hnicni of the wr'Uftt-docr, thousands [of the poor and f)ie trien<lte-<8(i</^('cm?/^] will lift uji.
Ihcir vuiecs to Al.nijjhlj God In invoke lilcssi-ij;s on ^dnr heads. And il is undeuiahlo tlu'w,
il liy (iod's hlessiiif^ J S-lionld. suciced in nialdnij htit one ex:(ni|ilc, inoi'e or le,-s ofireneral
amendment Will i'ollow.
As an cddiliniial motive for e:;le'iding your jiroteclion you will |ierhap.s take .'ti(o con-
eideratioli the cou<lition of this soctio;; which is inhaliited liy two races, speakin;^ ditt'eroid
languages, profcssiijg two religions, bclweeii which .few or no inicrniarriu^osl-ike place. You
<loul)t4e 8 kiiov.v,, too, that the miiilstei' of the (hy^ oaej* of .tlien> in his turn payring his debts
ai the public oxjiem^e, luis as n matter of eoiir.se •I'eWardeJ his supporters by the gift of. office,
and l!ie tojnmi!nil\- has in conscjuoncc been freipfently shocked by tiio appmirance i^n the
Tk'neli oi' incapacity, and ignoi'ai'ioe, and <d' vice a-rrayed in thu judicial ejiiiine.
Then, owin^;- lo I he necessily for implorini; llu' intcrjiosftion of the liOgislitttlfV in all cases
ol' complaint against a Judge, the French Canadians, wIk) in this f-eciion have a majority"!'
four iir five to one enjoy immense advanlages over their fellow-cilizcus of the class to which i
I cliini;-; anil iiidied in this resjiect it niay le said Ihal the latler lalior under iiclual disqualitj-
eaiion, 'riio.-e who have as the French Canadians have, moi'0)Mdizcd, in liict, all political
powei'. can always inoi'C or kvs jiroleOt themselves, and in dealing with their inlcrcst.s all
puMic I'uiudionaric.s arc necessarily soniewhat on their guard, liir wili their majority-, and
ihe sYmpalhy whieh tiiey invariably cvin<'c for each nther. no j'rench Canadian cnuM bo
f'ii'i^^
lifh il
nijUl'cd
subject
Ihrei'-'iiurtlis of ihe
npunilv.
N
or m sue
o: a
irliamciiiaj'y cn(piirv.
h a case could the wi'ong-doe- escape witlitKil being the
'J'hc i'i"hl of the Ki'eneh Canadian*; to the cniovmenl of'
illic
lusl be admiltcd, hill the other I'nurlh ha.- liitiierli
lecn ami is
sliti inonoj)ol'/ed b\ n.Uives of Furoji'. >
for the natives who speak their language
to c\-j)ress my disgust, and lo c nier a
iho. to .sav (he least, manifest no kind of sympalbv
and as oilc of this hi.st ela.ss T fake this
ojiporlunily
protect ajjaiiist the eOftlinuance of so humiliating a
condition as Ihal to which we are reduced,
'i'enluring n]ion anolher ]ireliniinarv (ibsci'vution. I would call your attention to the
anomalous ji.jsilion of the Minister of Justice, a bitferly ironical appellation suggestive of
that <il' " i'i'iiM<> of the Pence " bestowi'd on I»on .Maniici Oodoy because, fls tiie favorite of a
licentioiisltamc, he wasenabled tii exjiosc and did ex))ose his country to war and devastation.
This functionary' is the bearer of si une title bestimed jiyEoyal authovity, and you will pcrha);s
here permit me tn beg ihat you will ask yourselves whetlusr tlic interests of the Dominior
ofCamula and those of the United Kingdoiu of Cireat Britain and Ireland are identicn'? If
ywi decide, as Vim miist, that they are widely dissimilar, then another inquiry will follow.
Was this man .so decollated to rewio'd him for services pertOrmod tt) Canada or to the United
Kingdom 'f If in this conncclioii the Treaty nf Washington should suggest itself, ifyoii should
admit that the vcjdiet of the inlelltgenl world has yiasscd upon Ihe manner in whieli our fish-
eries and our claims for compensation for Fenriin raids have been dealt with, you will, ymi must
conclude that the .so-called Minister of Justice has neglected the dniy which lu) owed to CV ti-
'-■s-savja?"^
ida. and has p
'd the inleresls nf the I'niled Kingdcnn al the expi
it' the Doll!
'y:Wi "■ 1 ^£-
^;■:v,:
■*»*«*■» CSa*^"- ■'
And Verily ho liHH Ii'mI ri'''H'''"'"r«l, '"'t thnt is iiuUii-iii{ new. Tlio.'c ninouff J'ou wh6 hsixe ■
rciicl 5'i)tley will romcitiher tlio.so ofl'oi'H of tli'".li!.^iH'-it (mlnr of noliilih* (/Ai; rui'y hiijhi'sf) math'
liy timl iiioiistcT J'liiliTi tlio Soconil t^j ^(icli of tlic iiiiial>itiHitH of irollami as voiild u.snirtt him
ill oiiBhiving aud ruining thfircounli-v. Arimiii; olhcr liictM ; iTtinont to thoflu'yoet ofLwhidr
I have the hoi;oHi t(> n(idl•c.s^ yoji is tlio kact, (hat lie onnoliletl — Uiat is llie term us('d l>j''<lo.-t-
jiols — tlinl lie (lifter his fjisliion) onnoUud ilic family of tlio inonstyr wlio nmrderod Williapi
the Sitoilt^^a faultless, jt fjorllike man, dovotoil to- Uhoi'ty, civil. and religiouH. ; •>?;',"
'■■■'•■ Pbi'luijis^jiou will condosc'ouii toromoiohefortovefleet that in thisjuattor yov.yiei^jns haf(f.
a pA-M ad-vantnjic over natiojjs. You |m>balily arc awai'c of 'lie hrilliant offers of titles and'
distinclion.'* ma.lo to Franklin in Ijii^lund to iii(hieo him to desert the cause of his ojijiressed .
■ <,'oiintrynu'M, .Sovcj'eiyns aUvayS cun, always do. and, wjiem.' '■■> they have had au ohject in ■
view, always have out hidden tho whole population of any eoinitiy ; and tljcy haveheen known,
(as in Irehmd.) to hrin;^ ahoul the Union; they have heen knowji to seilt4ei' tith''^ hroadea^-t
over the whole land. .Vml ludiold the hattle is I'e cominoneinir, for the raire iiir Ilnnir rule and
the Fenian aiL-lolher oinhinalioijfl are the offspring of tho Union, force I up )n thetr eountij
hy profligate recipients of Roy-altUvors. A people may receive ine.-.tiniablo benefits from an
individual without deeming it nei'essary to o<l'er any proof of graiituiK', and even witjioiit
«()B!jrilering any ael;n6.wledgment uccossaiy yhut aPrinco bya badge, a ribbon, a title or nn
idieap trifle, can not only reward for past services, but ensure future devotion. And this brings
me to the conelusiou to wliieh I would direct your attention. Tho Minister of Justice (as he is
called) hasrocplved ai'fetaining fee fi'om the British iMiuistry. Though bo.md to do their bid
ding, i.o ma^- be, ai)d, indeed, ajipoars to be perfoeUy indiflbrenl to thoiiualifieations and (on
diu't of those to whom he assigns the imjtortant mission of adntinist rators of the law in (Jiiebec
The truops ha"C been withdrawn, all the munitions of war long since shipped from Qiiebec
liave reac^ied Brit'nJh ports<. Xe^x'rthelesH tho Minwlry which announced by Governor Yoniii;
its hitention (o reliii(jui.-4h CiiiuKia, but is now understo.id to desire its retention, need not des-
pair, for il has not only by iirepaymeiit seeured the Servi'-os of the repre-;e.ntat!ve of King-
ston, but ha-, at its disposil ine.xhaUstiJile sforo.s ()f gewgai^'s. AV'eeiLs will g-ow in all soils,
so trait<«'S and jiolitical luisereants will be found, is thev havi been found, in ail eountries;
U'.ld as manni'o sliinnlates the growth of the one, so baubles exeitc the other | ami thongJi we
know, here, thai America is destined to be, from one end to tho other, repiihlicun, ]5ritish
■ siatOAinen may ;magi:ie that by corrupting and dividing ifS they will have the jiowei- (o ].,v-
Vent Or j'l'lard that consummation, which they .so devoutly deprecate. It may oceiir to you,
Innvever. that not merely jiolitical contests but armed conflicts may eventually be tluus engen-
dered ; and cunviiieed that none can ser\0 ( Jod and mam nn in. yen ni;iy per'iajisdeem it expedient
by reiolntion t.i eN'jiel every member who may alVect t<i exercise any influence over the dc>-
tinies of the country, after he has been retaine(l to sacrifice Ihom in the interest of the United
Kingdom. Nor can yo'i doubl lliat the .Miui-^ler nf .hi--li<c would be better euijiloved in
preventing or correcting abuses in his own de|iartnienl, Ihan in <lalibling in inlernalional
eoniplicatioii- which do not eojirern us.
Hut for the labor which; during ni<ire lliaii (weuly yeai'!- 1 have been old.fgtid to devoti^
to the pre.'jen-ation of my |invale estate, I >nighl have continued to occii]iy a seat in the
House in which 1 had been for twelve years. And 1 can prove, not only that I, who
am a native of Canada— who lia\e been excluded from my rightful position to make wav fur
Kuropeans- Jia •ebeen not only o,-|iresseJl by the .Iiidieiary. but nave been tiie vidim of a kind
of '';•(/((/" composcil of old counlrymen.
Those of you who ire uciiuainted wilh (he Ke.vtdulionai'y nis(i,ry of the L'nited .Slates
know iiow niiuh of tbc de,>!ire for iudependenetj was due to the in.solence and rapacity of
some indlvid;"ils cruiipo-ing a jiart of the immigriuils of that period. Jiearing in mind
loo, the account given in Holy Writ of Ahab and .Jezebel his wife, and of their coveting
\abotb'» vmeyanl. you may be dis]ir.-ed lo admit tliat a siniihir disposition may lie found
amoiigsl some of tlii^ men of our day. N.iw, my adversary ainl my neighbdr, who had daily
under his eyes a beautiful spot, endeared to nn; hy its proximity lo the .scene of an act of
heroism pe.-for ned by an oHi"er in rt'oltij's army, from whom I am de-cendel, coveled Ih it
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spot, niul hnvini^, nn one of bin ■witno»K<j« boasted »» otith, iFie /lo/i'ir to ?><■ an In'shman, l\(f
might jump nl tlio ciiiiolusidn tluit it wan tui) goml i'ov a inoru r'unndian. Jfow, though
vhctluT oiiu III' bilti'H liy a dog or by a bitili liio uvil is nmcli tlio siiliu', i( in nut ho in the
ca<o of an injury sustilinoil from tho malico ©f ft privnto uirliyidiial or of a .ludgo ; no)' is it by
any nieiuiM tbe Haiuo thing whotlicr ono bt' roblicd by a private individual or by a Judge-
Tlio Judge, liowe.vvr unfit and unworthy, in so hedged in and so jn'oteoted by constitutional
barriers, that ho cannot Ik) reached save only thniugb tiie House of Coninioiw, and uivloss
Honxo nieniber ))o found patriotic enough, disinterested enough, and honofit and hrave enough
to present a Petition on my bebalf 1 may never hare any kjjid of reparation for tbe .vrongs
which I have sufferwl at tlie hands of some of tbe Judgu.M of the Province of (Quebec.
I cannot on this occasion ho expoeted to submit a c<imp]ete stutement of all my griovanceN ;
but I do in tbe most solemn manner declare that I will ort'er for your consiiileration nut/iiiu/
birt fact. On this occasion, too, J shall restrict myself to Chief Justice i)u,val, a Judge to
wliom the Minister of Justice is hound by a very strong tie. .' '.,:_, ":
This petition is written ami dated on aii estate which I hold in the Parish of
Heauport. on the road to the Falls of Montmorency, about three miles from the City of
(iucbec. It is Ixmnded on the 'West b^- the liivcr Eeauport. One Hrown, my neighbor to
the West, has a lot and a mill on the other side of the river bounded by its Western Hank.
In 1850, residing in Montreal, I receive<l a letttor from !Mr. Eyhind. now IJcgistrar of
that City. He tbcji oecupied my house here and intimated t bat my neighbor Brown was
working in the River Beauport between ins lot and my farm. In his testimony Mr. Eyland,
i"Oferring to that subject, speaks as follows:
"l)uring the absence of tbe Plaintirt' Gugy, in IboO, the Defemlant Brown began to
'• work in tho river a little belo-v tbe mill ; he omploj-cd a number of men. fe'eeing what ho
"was doing and that /«■« ('n?CH/j07nfas fo turn the coune o/therii-nr, to impel the current a/fiiijist the
" eastern Itan/i, ickichu-asamUs the property of the Plaintiff, I remonstrated with tho Pefendanf
"on tl'O subject, and wrote to tho Plaintitf to warn bim. This was in tbe j-ear 1850.
" Bi'own, losing no time, erected the whr.rf wliicii is still on tbe spot between tho stone
"store and the wonden store. It was an encroachment on the river, and greatly injured
"Ciugy. No calculation of tbe loss could be ma<le bcfiirchand, and (iugj- could not
'then resort to the law, for it is too slow a remedy, in order to make mj- evidence dear I
•'would remark that the lower end of the wharf in question, as it originally sto<xl before
■' Brown liecame possessed of tlio propertj-, sloped slightly inwards towards tho south-
■' west bank, drawing tbe water in the same direction, against a bank of bard materia-l. Jn
" re-constiticting tbe wharf Brown juisbcd tbj lower er.,1 of the wharf outwards into
■" the stream, thus tbrcing it upon the (iugy property, which, being composed of alluvial
lisoiL, was greatly damaged."
.; ,^ Finding, in 1852, that, as Mr. Hyland had foi-aseen and piedicted, the wharf built two
yeaa's proNi^iisiy by Brown had carried away and was carrying away my ground, and having
no manner of confidence in those who administered tho law, I resolved to erect, and at
considerable expense did erect on my own lanil, uithin my oicn irell-recuijnistHl boundary, a
]irot«ctiee oi' dtfensiee whtu-l'. .'■.■.•
Such persons as may be desirous of testing my veracity are earnestly requested to
note tbe foregoing twu've ^(jrds in italics.
^Tho wharf being finixJieil, that is to say, on the 29th of October, 1852, I was served
with proces at tbe suit of my neighbor. Brown. Tlie otiVnee imputed to mo was described
• in the following language :
"Yet n-ell knowing the premises afoj'csaid " (namely tbe I'iglit which Brown alleged
tlint ho li;i to use the river), " but contriving, and wrongfully and unjustly intending to
" injure and prejudice the PlaintilT Brown in this respect, an<l to deprive him (Brown) of the
" use, benefit and advantage of working his said mill, as ho bad heretofore done, and of right
"ought to have done, ami to injure him in bis trade and business as a miller and trader,
"which he has carried on at the said mill for the period of seven years aforesaid, and still
"doth oxercite and carry on at the said mill, to wit, on or about the sixteenth day of October
M. r
i/» '<
■. *^ *\
T
ho
h
lie
l.y
IKIl
t'SH
u>
" instant, Rml on divorsoUior ilny«ntKl times between that dny and tJio inKuing of the summons
" in thiH cauHO againHt tlie Hiiid Do/eiuhint Cu^y, dkl erect, oi' cause to ho ef«cted below and
" lo\vor down the said river tlmn the Huid lot of land, huildinpR, mill, and premises, and rn
" and u{)f)ii the Huid Jtivcr leaiiport, a certain >vl:'irf which nearly tnivoi^oH the whole of
" the said river, Ut ft distance of one or tvvo acres or thereabouts, below the said flour mill, an<l
" \Vliicli snirl whnrf nialoriallj' alters th" Tialnral course of the said river, and narrows tho . '.
" fhininel of the snnio so much that it is luiw ([uite impossihle for the said riaintitf to flo-it
" bateaux and other voscels from the said rivt>r St. Lawi'Cnca to tho said mills, as he wan
'• accustomed and used to do before the erection of thi! said wharf ;, and he, tho saitl Dofend-
" ant, hath liy mear^s nf tlie wiid wharf prevented tho waters of the said river from runniuj;
" down the nHtiiiid climinel of the said river, and confines the said channel to so small a
'• breadth, that whenever the watersi of the <aid river, Irom freshets or otherwise, become
" hi^'h, the said waters recede or are thrown bi.'cl; U|i.)n the said mill am', projierty of the said
" riainlift', whereby, and by reason of the still wither tlicreby occasioned, llie saidniillcauiKjt
" he turned or wwketi. .. '. '■•-■■.
"That in consequence of tho illej^al and tortious nets comioittod by the said Defendant,
" in so causing to he erected tlio said wharf, as afore iiiid, the said Plaintiff has been, and is
"still, jirevented from usinu; the waters of the said river, and cannot work his said niill as
" heretofore, which he otherwito might and would have done, by carrying on his trade anxl
"b.isiness therein, to wit. at the Taiisli c)f Beauport aforesaid, to the damage of the said
" riainlift' of the sum of three hundred pouiuls, lawful current money of this Province."
Your attention is earnestly called to tho foregoing extract-8 from the tbicJaratiiHi. which
extracts doscnbo the injury of which the Plaintiff P.rown thvn comj)lained. und the remedy
which he sought. Hoping that you will agree with me, I vesituro to say that the complaint
was restricted in jioiitt of tiiiw to the thirteen days preceding the sen ice upon ine of the writs; ■
nor in the allegations i» one word to he found implying that the then Plaintifl' Brown com-
]ilaincd also of jirn/jable future injury, or that he demanded to be secured against its nceurreitce.
On being served with proeow, I retaineil Messrs. Holt a% Irv'ino. Thcj' a])peared as my
Attorneys and filed aplca on m^' behalf I was thereby •muIo to allege in sul)stance that
the previous erection by the then Plaintiff' Brown of a wharf which encroached upon tho
ehannel and inju'.'ed mo, had compelleil mo to avaii mj-self of my rigi>t as J{ijiarian
j)roprietor, ard to build upon my own grouml a wharf tor my protection.
On this plea issue wijs joined. According to the course pursued in thi;; Province I was- ;
engaged in what is chiliad the en<iucte, that is to say the examination of witnes.ses, from about
tiKj beginning of the joar 1853 to the aiitnnin of 1850. In the course of that time eighty-
nine witnesses were examined, some of them at great length; for instance, as much as four
consecutive days were devoted to tho examination of a single wifnes.i. During the progres.s;
of the suit ilcssr.s. Andrews & Campbell were substituted as my Attorneys tcj Messrs. Holt
k Irvine, and eventually Mr. Thornton .Smith replaced Messrs. Andrews & Can.pbell.
Itis thus a fact that you are most earnestly re^uosUd to notice, that 1 was in th.it suit
represented by five ditferc.it Attorneys of Hecoi'd, — no less than five .'
The suit ladled upwards if l.,olv-o year.s, Jt was decided in niy favor in the Couit of
first instance!. .My adversar,\- then aji))calel to the ))roviu(ial Court of Queen's Bern h in
whicii for the senmd time ho tailed. If is on thi.i judgment more purtieulinly, as oHi iiiig
abundant ))roi)f of tho malice and gross mifcondijet of Mr. Justice Duval, (then only a I'uisuo
Judge) tliiU I |)rr)po.so at present to (Iwcll. ■ ' ;' f'i ,
During the pendency of this suit, however, mj- adversary being very wcalfliy, ould
afl'ord to bring, namely on Oih January, 1854, aiiothor suit for the same — the veiy same cause
of action, under the No. 1S.S. Then, name! v, ou JJOth October, 1855, he brought a tbird suit under
tho No. ;i",J5, founded, lil^i the two firet, on our vicinity to the River Beauport ; and eventually',
namely, a fourth suit under the No. 581, exactly for the same cause of action as tho causes res-
])ectivel\' numbered 5;j;J ami 18;i! He faileil in all these su'ts in all the Canadian Courts,
buf 1 wasobliged to lie present in inui-t <laily. and in truth wasd'Maine<l hero asort of prisoner
until theii' termii rion.
f:(
( *
■vs.*
G
Tlion i4i Uro cmiHi /iuiub?rol 5,').'l, liuviiijr bcrti omt in tlio CoiirtH lii'ro, my
nh-ei-snry njipoaff t td Ilor Mnjos'y tlin (^tu-i'ii in llor Privy Coiim-il, ThiH eoiiiiiOlloil nif
Un-esort to lliiit tVurt, niui in oiMcr to (let'cnfl uiyKcU' to croos thi' oi-cun cix times. But
in anotlioi' came lu> olitninoil aguiiist nu' u julgnuuit in th« Court of Appoui, with n copy of
which, II ('sainiili of tim doings of tiiiil Ciwirt. imil n prodiijiouH nl)»ui'<Ji\y) I (<hall close this
impv'l-, lluit also conipolk'd mo to rcjiaii- to tin- C'diu'I of llcr .Maj<?.-'ty the Qiu'x>n, iu)lcl hy tlio
>\|rutLViaI Committor at WJUtohalt, in LomhHi. Thus at my own cxipenso, without focoivingonu
t'uictioii of fomjit'iisafion, I'i^hor ut fpo-i, or in any ,>thor .sjiapo, 1 cro-isc'l tho o;'can cifjht
times, and UKiintaincil myself in Kn^fland at firout wist, altofjolhor liecauso tiiero wore in
thiis sootton of tho D.iuvinion Judges of tho ntump of Sir. Ju^tico J)uval.
RovertUig now to that part of his conduct which afl'octu mo, [ suhmit a truo copy of tlio
Jmi^'mmit of tho t.'ourt of (Juoon's Hondi (Ajipeal side.) wliioii is nioro jiarticuiariy tiie caaso
of my complainl, dated 7tii May, 18(!1.
'•Scchii; lliiil ill the Judgiiicnl of dismissal of Iho action of tlic Appellant (Hrown) in
•• thcCoiii-t liC'low, with costs, from which the iiro.^ciit apjical hath hccn lirouifht, there is no
'•error, it is {•onsitlered and adjndiied l>y the C'onrl. nowhere, that the same, t<> wil. the jiidi;-
" merit rcndcrc'l in the .Siipt<ri()r Court sitting ut Quebec, on thofiv-st day of I'Vhruary, one
'• thousand eight hundrul and sixty, he, and the sumo is hereby nrtirinod with costa in both
" Courts, in the to.riiKj vltrrM „o attdm-i/'.f or other tWx. vpnn mil/ nf ihr ftrocmlinjs or hwini/s
'• had in rith'r Court. .?/»/// he alwired to the. Mcqwmlent (hiijy. hy redion ■■/ Jug beimj a liractisintf
" atfoniei/. (Hid of /tis hnviiuj persoiiaUy conducted his own defmrc." , .' ' •■
As is usual in our Court of Appeal, the .Judges by whom the foregoing .Judgment was
projiounced wore not unanimous.
Three, — that is to say, Chief Justi.>e liatbntuine, ilr. Justice Meredith and Mr. .lust ice
Aloiidclcl, composing a maiorit^'. were agreed on cohiivming tho judgment of the Court
I clow, dismissing the aclioii of my adversarv, Brown. . =^ «.■
Tho two others, Alywiii and J)uval. wore for roverr-ingit. '•<'';.'"t. ;'•;.;•
Three. Ii:ii;.iitaiiie, Ayhviii and Duval wore for refusing foes to the JlospouiUii^t Gugj'.
Fees, as has been seen, M'ore accordingly retnsed ; and were so refused because I liad
(•pjnn Ittcd tho crime of defending myself, whoJi, as tlic judgments of the Canadian Courts
jH'oveft T iiad been unjustly and luifalrly attacked.
Tbis is a ]iroof of the capacity-, of tho logic, of tho titnoss for their position of those
Judges; but two of them f Lafontaine and Aylwin) having gone to their account, I can on this
occasi(Vn complain only of Mr. .Iiisticc Duval.
l{egni\liiig .Mr. Justice' Alywiii, 1 shall ma!:e noremarU, which is all that can be o.xp"ctod
of me; but tho memory of Mr. Chief Justice LiifoTitaine. a lespectable, well-meaning mi'iii,
deserves that a fact which is liivourable to him, and which is recorded in the Xlth ^'olume,
Lower Canada liejtorts, page 407, should bo noticed. '•' " ■
ThoHe who haw noted my aftifraiilion, ami can, if they soo tit. Verify the fact, that 1
had bofu reprciontod in the Court hdowhy no less than flee different Attorneys, wiil have
doubled the evidence of tJieir senses, or possibly ni)' veracity, when they road in tho conclud-
ing lines of tho foregoing copy of judgment lln' orU-r wilhholdiiig (or as Judge Duval will
be found to have .said, nfusiii'j fees) to me in hoth Coiirls by reason tbiit I hud conducted nii/
own defence. This amounts to an assertion on the part of Judge Duval that J had not only
appeared iu pci-soh in tlio Court of Appeal, but Imd conducted my mvn defence in the Court
of first instance, or Superior Court, and yet this was and is a direct, an absolute, an<l no
doubt an intchtional falsehood.
Chief Justice Lafontaino woulil at first sight appear to have been a ji.irticeps criminis,
but ho did not, — as I gather, — he did not intoml to commit bo dishonoring an oft'enco. As was
bis habit ho delivered tho judgment of tho Court in French; and in the re|)ort of the case to
which 1 have referred it will be found, that ho not only ileclaro I that 1 was entitled to foes
in the Coui't of first inslanec (tho Superior Court) but ho assigned tho reason, namoh' that!
had appeared in that Court by Attorney ! IFojiing that many men who.se mother tongue is
Knglish, and who may have little or no kuowlolge of French will have enough of patriotism
m
wofcUnrity to romlHhuso liiroi, Isubinii u tupy iiu'.l ii inui»lati(;ii ol'the vnry «orili u»oa by
'7V.r^ Tnmslaiii,:'.
"Xotrojiigomont. icm lait i|iio M. Oujj;yn O'urjujghiontnckiiowloilgi's that Mi'. (Ju.ury
"droit H (li<x honoraii-iH c>n coin- ili- in'omit'-ro i"h enHtliiilto fWs in thr Court of firxf. {nstancc.
" irixlanro, rar Id il a omiparu jmr un mitri' ln'cfitm in thiit Court ke {tppmnd loi amthrr
"(tvorfit rf ],rmurur. iiiai« il lni rufuHo lies jVlvoeatcnwl Attorney, \i\tih iri\m-^i\->>it in this
" honorairos^/iw.fCc^^eCoi//-, jwrcoiiiiii'i, ayaiil Court, bocaiiso liorc, having aiiponrnl in pcr-
" eompani liii-mdmeJIn'acompaini ctn'uiMi soiij liij has appom-cil nml I'onW only apiiear
"I'OnijmraitiT quo oomino |iartii'. Lo jugi'- as a pniMy. The jiulgnipiit is ho word*"! ns to
" niont est riVligo (U inaiUi'.To a ('-tublir uno o^lalilish a nilo wliifli niay 1* npiilioablo to
"rcgk^qiii ])iiiHSP ;*'a|>iili(iiioi' a trtns los eas, every case, whothor a iiarty to a suit has ; , " . v,;,
"quo la [larlio a mi [u-oci'S ait agi (•llMnt'nUs ajiiiouroil in person in a pni-i of tiio suit, or - ; ■ .
"dans urns pai'tLo de co procus pu qu'ollo ait lias appoarel hy j\tti>rttev in another part.
" agi ])ai'a\oeal on proiin'oiir dan" niif aiitro . .
"partic." , S v' :'.\' ■;;:.; ,■.,;•;■. V •■
Writing for Legislators, for ino;) who must by J)ro.^,n,moa ta ho intelligent, educated and
eonselentioiis, for men who must feel that the destinies of Canada, and the weal or woe, not
only of the niiliions now living, but of 'iiiboiii generations, depend np.^n their dis)>o»ition to
acquit thenisclyos bocpmingly of thp mission •vyith whiih they are ehargod, I make no eoiu-
ment. But the diserepaney between the H-ords of Chief Justice Lafontaine, between the
description of the judgment wliieli ho had resolved to give, ajid ichieh he evidently imajineil
that he was givinj, an<l the judgment as it ia recoiHlcdj suggests a question, affecting the
character ot the Court, and the eonfidonoO to bo reposed in its acts and records.
The judgment has evidently been manipulated ; it has boon made to state as a fact that
which on the authority of Chief Justice Lafontaine must be held to be and is an intentional
falsehoml. And the Judgment, as recoi-iled, gives him the lie. Xow, Mr. Chief Justice Duval,
you arc the only man living who oan ex|.laln that discrepancy. Do so if you can. It con-
cerns not only the Court of which you are now the organ, but you yourself, and the coimiiu-
. nity is interested in obialning from yen such an account aa you can give, • '
But tliere are many other statcme.iis made by Chief Justice Duval to which it behoves
me to call the attention of Ilonoraljle Gentlemen who have in their luinds the fate of the
country. Tlius, on the 1st February, 18G1, the day upon which the abovementioned judg-
ment, denying mo fees, was pronou iceil, he, bei.'ig then a Puisne Judge, was ailent, or intimated
only th.it he dis.sented. The Appellant, Bro,vn, however, was inducei!. as it has since
appeared inconsequence of that dissent, to .vppeal from that decision to Her Majesty the
Queen in Her Privy Council. In all sueli sasos, the Judges who have assigjietl reasons for ■
their decision an; hold to deliver a copy oj* a note of tho.se reasons to the Pegistrar of their
Court, that those reasons l)eing by him transmitted with the record to the Loi-ds Justices
composing tlie Judicial ('ommittee, maj- liicilitate the performance of the task devolving
on them. '; - '.".'' , ' •..'/'
Adhering strictly to facts, and leaving iill inferences to the intelligent readei' who may
take an interest in the subject, T would here .state that on the 8th January, ISiJ-', eight
months after the date of the judgment, Mr. George Carj-, a printer, of (Quebec, was required
to print, and did print five pages of foolscap, entitled as follows : —
JjEb'OUE THE PmVY CoUNCIL :
JUDGE DUVAL'S
OPINION,
I.V A CAi:SE BETWEEN
WILLIAM BPOWN,
AND
Appelliiiit,
BAPTHOIiOMEW CONilAD AUGUSTUS GUGY,
Respondent.
This " npin<on" ai it was style 1 hei'e, diil not rtn I favor with tlic Judicial Committee. On
theoiitrary thuir L )rdship) thought tit to describe it as "long and very elaborate argu-
"ments, supported by a citation of numerous authorities agauist the decision of the m.njority
"of the Court."
^i
•..■.•■•■v'a'.' ^'
te Vol'co tojlfrcttt of.jcctlon*'' ^thcir lionW^i'im UrouRht too, tlmt JikIko Uuvi»r* ."^^ .'" y0:\
for (liMwiitiiif,' fiDln liis n)Hoii{,''ii«:< «licml.l Imvo Ik-iii fttalcd i.iiMicly at tlio lionrihg '.fv.'i/* 'f
Mow imd hlioulil iiDt.lmvo Imoii rc«(orv*)il t ) iiiHiiciK.c t'w il('<',i>>i -tn in the t'vur' "*" -^ I'l'""'* ''* •
•:v>:>^''"-* ^Sv\/'v-V.-"iBel'niiiiiiw from the iiso wf cpliluitH. 1 propose ripw to: tlcdl AVith n fpw of tho stnro?"' ■■^-..rh^^ ,;
•r.r'-.-'^^V^' •■.'i'mcnts n»U sonio of tjio rensouiiiK a^Ih'cIi ("l*lcf JustitHriJiij-rfl Uue.cnttfetJil 1o b« rcponk-d ii»
■''iJiv^fivMi :r i?tf-Pan"K'"pl". ' Tlio A ppi'llaitt Hi'oWii ihtititutixt Uiim action to ponipol the Ronpomli'iit 'i^if^^^^
;S>-\i!^%-!?ri^>'t6 JcnioHsh aiiil romt.vo a wlnn-i' iifct.d \>\ (he liUlfr ill (lio l!iv(:r Hoimpoi-l, cuiiHinM •:w^:=Vrvi7?
.■:,•'': y'* '■■^;V■'Br6^m very ^roiildlini ago, iim Ih- oxpluiiw rn.hin. 0»-'''li>i'»'i"i' '''^' ' !P,;..M'.ft .!?';'R*r|?-V. :■'''■'■'' '
not oiiljV in lkeSin)Oi'i"fiCourtj; Ulit.in tl|0 CV)nj'f6r?r>''v' :•.."''
.' ■•;:V ■.■:'';.'i_";;i.'-':,:>;>Tliif< <locliiniiioii liowpver .wnrfilvil
'"':'0f.jitm<i(i(:
■'Hi-'-. ^rihoU ailviTt. I nin.sl Jidwi'vcr in tin'
■VV;
:;?.■■", II cst'eviden't; :". r.qVio Id Poninndi-iir'
;." n'avnit jia.s omcoih* eprouve de.i doniniajjos '
" (do.lii coMstriKlioii dii ((iiai du Di'tumicMir)
■?' lorsq^n'il iiitrodiiiHit son action. Xullo jireuvc
'<:n'j» efte faitc u vet ogard, menic plus ii a o'to
;" ndniiH du la jmrf dn Demandoiir (Brwvii)
-" lor« du lii pliiidoiriu a raudiunco riu'oii ullet
; >■' il n'y avail ;piis eii do clommagd npprc-
•y\-viubiu." ,: " ' ' '■■'■:■■-■■'/■. ""•/■.
far'
'• It iH ovidoiit tliat tliu Plaintiff ('BroTytif)
'• had not wlion liu lOli.riK'il liis action siitVurod
^•any damage from tlio ( struction fif tho
•' wharf of the Dufcndont (iiigy. No proof to
"that effect was offured) what in moro U was
"on the part of tho I'laintiff (Brown) mlmitteil
•' ilurivg the argument at th' lu-iiniKj in opm
^'Cuiirt that there had not heen any appro-'
"cialilo damage.' • :
v/In England I. -hiul the wgrvalliondPto be. opposed by Sir ItouiidcU Palmer, tneii Ationiey
.Gciineralj and now Lord Chancellor, Who.se authority as Oounsol for my adversaiy, Hrown,
iiitainly adds grwU weight to the iloeliiratioiiH of the Lords Justieew. Though Judge Duval
^^.l'5 convinced hy " the explanation of tho declaration,'' those conseiejitioua gentletnen all
dxselarcjU'that no damage had hceii sustained hj- firowii. This event, being posterior to 1 lie
a>>'-uniptioii of Judge Iluval, that juy \vJiarf was erccfud in the llivcr l!eaii|)ort and had
tau>.i(l Blown ( )y gic it dTinii^u" tiiay he. onlj' a proofof a ditterenco of opinion. I know
too ninth of Judge i)uMil to douht that he persists, and evar ■will ]iersi»t in his ahove-
.lft( o^\.ecl opinion 01 ossumpt foil. All that can be snKl on tliis difference of opnion is that
tlui aid on my ide the I oiils Ju.stices, three, aiidtwo Coun.s\.'l iii.struetml by the Ai4iellunt
' V" 111 l^( \\1\\ n liB I 1 ur'-urd the pnnic olijeofionuiilc eoiirt^e, thoir Lor(IsIii)i.a s|Kiko in the pliivid.
,W./" M'Wfev r-^,j^v^,r ^,\ 'lihU
'erected in the Kiyor ■nomipm-t" amounffo n petitio priiuipii to wliieh-^^::'; ;:5 s-j!;; *■:
inst however in the first place deal with the wolds "causing Brown vt3ry '•^s'XAJ.^ : ■ ;
''.■-.•''•v'^S" '■ 8''*'"' d.imaf-e" ineioly noting that the sinierlative " very " is an addition or improvement of v.. ./-/;. \-.-.
■;''■'' •■ ' ■•'•■; iii), Honor. I would, however, at onee cite the PlaiivtitV JJrown's own estimate of the daij!iy^o, _ C 'j*-^ .^-^ ' ...
as set.forth or •■ explained in7iiadccJ(i/'aV.(''on;/y?«^m.fA(' Sitpcrinr Cirirt. Ii lit i£.^OQ^ '^^Jfih'.'.^ ?^•'^•"^.^... • 'Vf'^^^^^
:••'■■?,. .Vf/vV: But t^iioLonlu' Justices have aHihoritafively decJf^red in terms " that the Kospondent' • ;^..•. .', .J'
■yvvVNyv*.-.--.'.' 'Brown Jiad failed to prOVo ftriy dhmago sustnined bv hilij .f^'Ol|jr.the;.worlw.(}C» jtuifr npw .ij'vv- "', :;.;
" ''!-^?'^ :■""'''■ '-^ •■■'■■■ '.*. ■ • ." .-.
This wiia the finding of the two'C'ftnadiau ('ourts and thoir Loiilshllw doclai^ ■th^t thfe ..-.Sf;. ..I.'^'
^v.-^'<.''>'^vi ■'/,■.'' propriety of this findjng was hardly disputwl a* their Jlar, aiid that indeed It did not.adJniJ,.;,v. :".;.'; ■
:^'^?\->'"'' "t-M of dispute;' ^ :./.^^ '•:'';;'.:-;;;'''''^'i?;;'-.:-.i
V-'-..':".";vi ■;'ii.:Mr-'^f their Lordships are^to Be' believed thti* dispas<!» of the Wry great damagoit)voji'tft(lt|ir;;^^
!■ ,^iO'"?^i;iiiingineil by Judge Duval, and jwoves how insutfieiont, hoiwrahle. unprejudiced andeulight- •,•
•■'•■' .v'';;Wied gentlemen considered thu ej-pliinfltiuns TOiitained in the declaration. ■:.-,'' y'^^^-'iy''-- ,'
::-^-^:^:''-'VOn thiti point Oiief Justice Lafiin'taine in his written judgment testifies as {(Moyl;9Jf:y\'^.-^:!^\^^;:0:'
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itieil
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had
'.:'>
lovo- ,.••■.1 .. -'i-. •
that ?,.,?•-•:. i'
llant ;'C'°-
i 'vu •-.. HtiUcmciit \vliji«h V'^'^K'ilR^.oli^Jo'lJis^^P^^ n V^rioJ Holoriji?' stuiwcquonf fo-the«fey;ent ?
V-; "'• Ilt'i-c, fniiitl«MiiPii. ll(MiilM?r« of tliti LoitMaturo, ilniwinj,' tho cartaiii- li'tul' .laying apoii to you
■',_■•:■ , our Court of <iuc>.n'i lioiich, lilircct your atloiitioii to the t'viik'nt uttbr nntitiioHS of its Chii-f.
'■'•.". 'I ii'Tj iiiipoilod to tJio at'thy the fi'ct; that tho hearing,, at whi'ih that declaration of Brown'i*
,,■.•' .Counsol was mailo in open Court, jjfetfetfeti Jmlgo DuvalV writtnn afflrmntion that Brown haj
■; r.' t<iintaiiiocl irri) ■intit danwijc In- fourlcon montlw. Then tho -.vritton Jud^rmontofCiiii'l' Juhti(<>
\'!' r,Hi'oiiiaiii(' wiis midilily ]iit)ri()UiKO(l I'levcri moiitlw iwfori! J iidgn Duval had tiio courage to
write and -irint Iuh opinion. ' NoW the Hentonce heroin above qubtgd, recording the admission of
Jiroirn's CoiiiiwL rejmrtixl ax I have said in tho Xlth volume Lower Canada llcport;', pn>,'o
402, (lant three liiieiCj, forniod a part, and of courKC, a i)rominont and most interesting jiart
of the 80 audibly read Judgment of Chief Justice Lafoniaine.
•_j.; i . pftourse it \viilo^may Inrsaid that Judge Duval is entitled to his opinion, but unlexs
■ he clio^i' (o brand thO Counsel lis a guilt3- wrotidi who had botra3'od his Clionl, he could nut
. entertain the opinion, which ho professes to have held, nor, as ho propo>ed to assign tho
■^-igwunds of hiK opinion ought he to have overlooked that^dmisi^ion. or omitted to neutralize
it, or to Imve ]iinnod his faith iipin the ",fJ7<toi(rt(on«" in the declaration, whicliovory lawyer
^/ knows >vaN talking nonsense, sheer nonHcnso.
You now know how Judge Duvn' the [presontj Chief Justice of our Supreme Court, can
[.' ili'ivl with the facts ot a case, and max, ]irol>ably, pardon me for exhibiting him as a lawMT.
: Please then to note tltat the fourth par:igra])h of his opinion is as follov/s ;
/..';■',"" As to tlie question of Jjiw, tiiat is Brown's right of action against the Bespondont,
: "artuming the fiict*! he-tlUdgoiii to be true, tho right appears to be beyond fair coniroversy, oven
.;""adniitting that the Appellant had sustained no pecuniary loss when hu inslimteil iijs action."
Such ofyiiu us expect sduic little show of reason and consistency in the statements of Jiidi-
■ cial persornigos. will have probably comparciithowoixls "iM«u ami; the/acts he alleges to be true"
with tho deidaratioii of ttie Lords Justices, of Chief Justice Lafonlai.ic, and of Brown's own
Counsel. J5ut why siiould Judge Duval assume that the /(iffi ['is he writes] were true? Kacis
aiH;. alw'iiys true>"a"'' ''l'*' mami statements he shoulU -notihttTO written the word&cts. But I
. repeat, why should he " assume" anytliing after ho had in the very fir jianigraph decided (he
. (uiestion of rery great damage on the tidth of the '•(;.r//;<m'J^(0/Mi" ii .he declaration. — But
; again, according to Judge J)uval'. first paragraph Brown ha<l sustained reri/ greai damage.
Tlieii why should he in tlic f()iirth,uso the words, ''eyqna(imrt^'ni/■</^<J^.B/•olrn^/^^^
. ■'leeuni'ini losfi when hr >i ^tctiitcd. his di'tion." lie must be very dcHcient, inih'od, if he could not
. soo thiVt this adniissioii implies tho very I'overso of w'.iat hc^ had aflirmod in his tirst paragriiph.
*i;.^->'^-*.S..t"».*.. .;■ ■ - . ■. ■ ■ •' , . .J f»
;\/. < Troplong, wno has written most abl_> on the ;snbjoct in his Traije do la Pie-uiptioii,
!':YpJ'.l.,>> 313, sa^s ^ _ ^ _ , ,^ .
•'*'"''-•-.••, rftif, -V ^ ' ^ \- -■ • „■ •■ ■'° ^-yrjitlstationr
Co n c^t ]iav (Diitrt tin domniaire < .ui'i'' It is not to olit un conipeiis itinn for an
. .V ' * , /y^^
.v.'iy";!;.;'.;'''
m'
qn'on voiilait sc preveiiir niais contre un injury,' which, has been ;,6ustained that llio
(liingei (lu un tort a veiiir." ;;• . ,:^; «. action islbroiight; but to secur'o' protect ion
■'■°''' ■'"^^'' , jigninst (V"ft»turpjdangpr or n,wrpiig
1
ii?"
&f^'^-^v^^?
rJ
'■t:i
I
'A '-
■' ; -'-ji'- .'■? ''The saitie'doctHne frHl-ht''foun(V'iii the 7lli y(Jli(niJeof'MoVlii' s.-RopoHo'rc (k- J-ii"is|,ni-
■;..', ; " (leiK'c. Jingo .'!05. and thcfollowiiiir — Dnvieldwr'oiirsd'Kmi. A'ol. !; No. 47''Vaii(l hoc. To thin
: _• .u<< jnoj' I'O nililod the oj)iuionM of (ianiior. (fronior. luiil I'rjiUlhoii."
u '■•;' The reader wi'J please to reniomlior tliat all !lio<c ■iiitlnirs rtijive in the doitriiie ali'ivc.
stated, niid will, 1 hope, by roferoiici, lo the o_\traot Mflrt wii's tlcilardlion tiei-om-iiliove sOt
!.'• '■■^' '. .'■ fertli, asoer'.aiii that he ooi;i|'!ainod oidy ofn jvii'-t wrorii;, \v'tlii>iil reloi'i'iiijr hy a si;ii;le pln"i>o
'J't*^''." *" "'ly other or ('■ turo flventtiuliiio.-i, : TliCKt' nii//i'ir'ti('f tluil ili n'^t i';ij'li/ t'l Ihi'mixi • hiit tin ^
,;•.;•'-:-'.• words are followtd by a ohnraiterist.lc ])root' of Judge .l)uval\ oontjdoncu -in hiin'-o)l.
'.; ' Contained in>he tiriit line of the ^i.\;!■i para:j;r:i|ih. whiohhoijins a- lollows ; ■
_/,,/..'•, '' The ApprlUnit^Brokn's^riyht of iirtioii O'iii'J t\-it(il)li.ihtil.'' -" : • ../' .:,- ■
." Accustomed to doir-matize from the elevated ]itij*ition whioh ho ooviipie- in Court, aixl (o
hpeak ox oatiiodra where none dr"e eontradiot. ho ha.s hacHlie vanil,\ to '.hmk. and tno ooiirage
to atiirni, that lie had in the fitth jinraeraph esiitbllihihl or i/fiiiim.?tratCil Jifonu s liijJtt of action.
The Lords Justices of the Juiiieial (.'ommitfeo (Sf the l'riv\r Cuiinoll have, however, taken
the lihorfy to contradict hii;i, and thontrh of "oiirvo 1 dare not aHoot to ditfer from a I hiof
Justice,] may vetdtire to cite the adverse opinion of his snpcriors.
>■ ? -' It has boon -eon that Judire Duval hoid tlio platnlilV Hn-wn to have instituted an aolion
" not to obtaif. cMujiensation for an injury which ho.iiad theirsu-tiiinod, but lo secure protoo-
•• tion ag.iinst a future danL'cr 01' a wroni; to come." ■ V. .\ ' ■'.
Tliis is in his view the question, this is iho •' i-'wiriiii" Widoli istablislies tlie rij^dit of
■ • ' action, and to which the authorities ho Jias oiled apply.
ilad ho boon at tirst of iliat opinion lie wotdd noi bavo lakon ibo pains to i|uolo the •• cx-
planattons' in Browns dorlariilio-i. nor could he consistently liavo adverted lo the vi'iy
great daniaf;o wlL.i Brown had j'reviously sustained, .Vrcordiiii;- to tin' docii-ino ciU'd from
Troplong. Garnier, (Trciiier, JJaviel. Merlin and ['roudhon. thai course, lliouij;li iin'icative of
great hidiistry.of prodigious research. aud of profound thought. was absolutely Unnocossai'v. Jt
is indeeil noi onl\ on that acc<iunt tiiat one i? led to ri'grd hi-^ liiiving taken all bat trouble,
for looking •■on this iiieture" as ho has drawn it in the tilth jmrairiinih now under consider-
ation, anJ "ou tliat," as he drew it in the rirst iiaragraph. it is altogoihor impossible lo resist
the intrusion of a thought, which .necjes^iu'ijy.ttikes tlio form of a i|Uosiion. ilid !io over read
the o<'ilaration ? ■; '^■.•;';>'
Jn the second paragraph, the tictioli of whioh he .so oonlideutly sjieak-' as tlie action
brought by Brown is said to bo '•• on actiuit u\U kiwicti to ou/ iaw by tlio nano of x)e«oH-
ciation dc noitvel a'lwre lakeii from the Ifomnn law." .
These are his words, and my readers bei.ig reip'.osted to benr in mind the foregoing
extracts from the tiiurth. tilth and sixth jiaragr-iphs ol Judge Duval's opiniui. will now learn
on the authority of the Ijords Justices that Jtidge Duval RK.vr,..y iPiii Mrr kn'iw wine w.v.s
TllK NATtUE OF THE .\rTioN ujwii which he had jircsumi'd to adj idicate. I do not ussert 'hiirb;. -^v^,
ho has decoiveil me or anj' Ixxly I'lse, but if the T.onls- J'us>J.iiS08 caji bo .boHeveil he Iiimscif ' "•'
from lirst t,f last was in a state of conglomeratioit. '■ -•.■■^•> •..Ivt • ''.'
'■ It was .".lid (the Lonis Justices declared) it was said, however, and this is the point
" relied on !iy the dissenting judges, namely. Judges .\yl\ ',n and T>uval, that it was unnecos-
" sary for Iho riaintitV in the action to prove actual damage ; that the aolinn might bo miiin-
" tuined ns one of (/c»ion<M'afi'on rfe «o,Kl'f/;a>Mcn . and tiiat in siuh an mtion it is siiftieient to
" prove >;iat the work complained of *-iil;pr probably maj', Ire fttteiidod with injury to the
" riuintill," • -■- ■ ;
" Hut the action of 'limmciittioiide nouvel ^urre is of a dikferent iiescription fuo.m tmk
'• PRESENT, is founded upon a different State nf circiimstitHi'i's, iiiid seeks different 'viicf. Jn sucli
" an action the Plaintitf cliiims protection against a work commeii^ "d. and still in progress,
" by which, if complete 1, he alleges that he will bo injured.*
•IiII»a.'OW ftii.v intention of sptakiiiRcoiitcnipiii^usly of Tro|>kiiij:, fii\rnipr.(ircnicr. Pftviel,M(<rlin or
Proudlioii, nnil I viMilure to cxpreins a Iiojh; tlin' i u:nltT8tniid those aiitliorc. I \ oiiM add tlint tliou;;li
not bound to lie proiicieiil iii liiiglisli law, tho«' ouibors I inij>j)iise po'iM to the reincdv ullbrdej in Eng-
luii.l by iiijiiiieliun. " •• V i^f. '<'VJ-##- • i^''}^^/» J^'S
j/v-
4
>..■=•..■■
^> .
olf.
11
■• It' .■-lull an action lie Krnnirlit it ',|iiiiar.-i tlial tlio Jiul'g^ninycitlor inttM-diettlio fnrtlior
'■ |>n)i;vo.'-s cjf the worif or I'oiiuire M>ouritj- to lio jrivoiJ W tlic iR'fonilant to the PJaintiti'
'• ayfjiinst anv ijijury whirh lio iv.ay f.:i'*taiii ; Iju* \whm the tlorli its cmqilftvil'tliisfo^'mofarti'iii
•'■ ii) iio'longst fotiprient. ':.•,'■'.■'':'■ ■■■,..■,
"This uppoars to linvc heen the law of I?oiii». In tlio Dig. Lib. XLllI. Irt. 15, ' T)i'
• \\\\\i\ muitifuda," nt'tcr n statfiiient that any jiroteciion to Ibo buiik.^ of'a i.ublic rivi'i- must
'■licl..ai1o i;i>nrh a nmiiilira-) not to iiiiuU'riinvisration, s<) timianj' ])crsoti wiio a]»|>rclienils
'■•ijijili'V iVom Uic work .nay apjily to tlir Ti-U'forlor an iiitc/iiict lo re- train ii, ami iiiay olitain
'; .H'tiirity, we tiiuj tlirs piL'-^aL'c: — ' 5 Ktoniin onrainhuii t'liit nt i.'isi anto 0|wis I'act'im oavfH-
'■'tur. Nani- post opit;. ainuni porsor(nciiili hoc iiifcnliilo. m:Ua facnltaji suporest otiam -i
(luicl ihiiMui po-tca (hitnni '.iiii'i'it. scil Lege Aqiiiliii experionihini c--t.'
•■The law ami liirni of pro(.eilure of Ji.mie seem in this respei't '.o haw heeii alopiul
■■ into the law of Fr.Mnce.
••In I'aviil. 'I'oui-s (!'l'"an.' tit. -.Mil I>oniaini> I'ul>lic.' pai'l 171. it is dlstinetlf laid
••^!o^vn llial i'C the old p'ri'nch I,aw. th;it is, liy the iaw now pj-evaiiilj^ in Lower ('ana<la. thi
•■ iK'Kif.rtiitiou -ill- iiutiKfl tfian' coiihl oidy lu> )naintained if Institute! before the irork \v<U com
'■ I'ldi'/. tlioiiiih hy iin alteration infroilucotl ly the French Code, the law in tlii,;-. v^peet is
"now alli'riil. auu the aetion mav fe inainlained in re-iieit ol a work either ■ liiit on coni-
••meuee.
The author suys: — •
"Jeilis noinol oewvvu fait on cojninence.
'■SouM t'ancienne jurispru'leuco la dinoncia-
" tion ti'elait pins reeevahio dii nioninit ()ne
' le nonvel (cuvre "tail teriniiie; e'CSt ce (;ne
Nf)nvel (fnvrc (new work> nnished or
inignn. Under the old jnrisjtrudenee the
denuiK-iatfon was notadniit'ei' after the new
work had leen- c6mpleteil. This Avas whilt:
" ictte action avail de special corome aus.si la was peculiar to t'iis action as was also the
" faciilte piMir 1 anteiir u.i nou' o! UMivre de faculty allowed to the autln.rot'the new work
" continiier sou travail en (hinnnn Caution ct to continue his work. i)rovkled lie gave
■' In restriction (111 droit du.luge a suspendiv scruiity, iukI then limiting the auth.irity of
■ les tr!ivaii.\ sans pouvoir les tiiire delruire. ihe Judge to ordering the vnspensiori of the
'' Mais sou.s notre iioiveaii droit la denoiicia- work without exerci.singthcpowcrofcausiiig
'• tion de iiouvcl o>uvrc est ast>iniilee aiix it to he removed or de.stroyeil. JJiit acoiil-
•'autres actions pos.sessoires. jiar cela ipie les ing to our nvw system • (introdiieeil in
" lois u'onl jiau j'cproduit les conditions 1'" ranee since tlie lievolutioii hy the code
" particuliercs (pii la carai leri.-ai Mii autre- Xapoleoii) .this action is assiniihitod to thO
" fois." other jiossessory acfioli.s. in this that the
modern law hli.s not repivuluecd tne particular
eondition.s which formo.lyehiiracterized it.'*
'• In this case tlvore is no douljt th.nt the Arorl: wa.s completed before the aetion was
" conimenceil, and the relief sought is dirt'erent from that which, accoixling to Daviel, could
" be granted in an action of Mumdation de nouvcl miivn'. Hut even it the present Miit
" could he regarded as an ■ictinu of this de-icrijition, it would ho eipially met by the objection
'• that the I'lainlitf had I'ailed to prove that the work would lie injurious to him.'
.\(y intention being avowelly to cause tic immediate removal from tho BencJi otJudge
Duval. I proceed to j>rove by his words and deeds liiw inca| acity and unworthiness. i.'..
In tlio six'li and .seventh paragraphs he declares that " he finds it impossible t- entertain
" the slightest doubt tbat tJio Ue.sjiondciit (Gugy) erected a wharf in tho iJiver Beauport.
" and that it cause« tho Appellant (Brown) the damage h;' compliiins of."
In piuro 11)4 of the abovementioned volume of L. C. Reports (lOtli and following lines)
Chief Justice Liilbntainc is made to use the t'oUowing woiils: '-11 estetabli que la quai de 1852
" (tlio wharf in question) a etc I'oiislruit cnentiersur le terrain du Dcfomlour." "It is proved
* .Sliiiiild tlu^se remark? luect the oyo ofnny lawyer of iivcniiio nhility lie will at ;oe jicrccivp (lint
tlipro wne mid in ii cimsidernble difl'eri'iice liitwpcii ll.c nindcra law of I'Vaiicc and tlie old law of KrniK e,
and that in the I'rcvince of Queliec the niwlern law has not bee.i iniruduc'u. Chief Justice Uuval Kritc." as
if lie weii; ij^iioraiit of tins fact, ami cites iiKKlcni iiiitliors who coninu'iit on the niodcrn law, not on tli" old!
It will also strike ?uch v lawyer that i liml a maiiilost interest in insif ting upon 'liis dill'ereiiec in the Hystenis
of the two countries, tor had my adversary proceeded, (which he did not), u^ Judge Duval assumed, for
protection l';oin a |)rolmlilETut\ire dainagp, I shwdd at once haw oH'crfd security, and thus been spared
twenty years of fiutle-'mg I
n'
i-Kyl-'i .<<■>
IM
' lliiii iIjo wliiii-riiC l^.")2 was liipli iili<jgotli'-T(iii ilic |iri>|icrty oCilio Holomlmit (Giigy)." llud
tlio l,(rt'ils Justices li'on ofa diffcTciit opinion tiny iiiii^i liavc rovcr.-til tlio jiulgmuut.
Tlircc exports nine njiortcci to tlic same cllVct.
But iiineh lionorablc ami jiatriotic uioii as nuiy iKciii it to lie ilK'ii- iliily to conlrilnitt.' to
the jiiir'tifation oftlio aclministiation of tiio law will le moved less by the niitagonitiiii exist-
iiii; liotweon ,lii'lii;e ]<uval and otlurauthoritios ihaii by lii> iiiaiiility io art'oiuit rationally tir
/i/soiitortaiiiing not thci<li<ihtc^t ihmlit !
'■ .SchoDnort*," lie asMiies Ilcr llajesly tlio Qiift']i in Ilei' Pri\y ('ouncil, '■ seliooners have
•• riailod u]i as far as tiio i\pjiellant's mill. The ovideiU'C of the Harbor ^faster Lambly,
' intimately aeqiiainled wilii the locality, leaves no dcmbt on the i=nbjeet. Xow let u^ look at
'• tho plans. It is doubtful ifa skill' of the very Mnallest size, could at tliis day I e brouirlit to
'■ the mill."
-,.•-,■'•:': This l.'isl assertion incautiously hazarded is contradicted i^y <hc jilans. which show in the
nan'owest ]iarl of the river, a breadth of twinty feot.
t)n this occasion, lunvever, 1 can neitlier exhibit the jilans, nor a skill' of the snudlest si/.e,
i ut 1 can analyze the evidence of l.ambly. Premisinfr that 1 do not at all inijieach his char-
acter, I sulnjit tlie following extracts from his tcBtimony: . . .- ■ . ■, . ,■.•.■..... ■;..,■•,
Thus, in June, '55, he sajs: '•! shall le ei^:hty-fournext August. T find that myniemory
'■ is failing. 1 can remember oecur-ences which took place when I was a ycMith better than
•• those w Inch are more recent. J do not exactly remember the date of tlit last time that 1
'• visited the Itivor Heauport ; but I used to visit it almost every year when I was Harbor
'• Master, without, huiciicur, goiinj very far up, for instance, not further- up tluM' tiio point at which
you can see the middle of the stream," (To see the middle of a stream one need not be in ii,
nnd this exprossion seems to imply that he saw tire middle from its mouth, or perhaps below
it.) 'I had never been on Mr. Brown's wharf until the jv riod wlien, as I Iiuve stated, in my
■■examination in cliiel, I went there to oblige him. It was vorj- lately that I went (licre,
'■ lull nil/ mciiHinj durs not cnal'tc i\ic to sjiecify the time. .Since the period when I censed to bo
'■llai'lor ^Master, 1 had never visited the Bivcr Beauj)ort until I went there to oblige 'he
'■ I'laiiitirt', as 1 liave said. I am unable to saj- when that was, 1 must be stujiid to forget
'■ It, but so it is; 1 have foi-gotten it."
To contirni tlie impression which I hope I have made, that r.anibly's nieniorv was so
defective that he could not be relied upon, I wnuld extract from his testimony a few moi'e
words, Hjieaking (if me ((iugy') l.ambly says : ■■ I have liiiown the J)efendant from about
■■ tin' ycai- ISll {(lirrii.) tor 1 was appointed Harbor .Miistcraldut that time, and 1 used to "\>
'• into t'ourt tie luently ic/n'rc the IDifni'litiit mis iirni'tisiiiij." This iitlirmat ion that I was prac
Using ill eighlcon Jiundred and eleven would have staggei-ed any intelligent honorable man
in the jiosition of Judge Duval — for we were fellow-students in the s;imeoflieo in 1821. and
ii« a ,lii''gc he was bound to know the date ofniy admission, which was in l.f22, ■', ■ •'
1 would now revert to Judge Duval's uii(]ualiHedallirniatioii '■ thai schooner.^ have saiioil
'• up as far as the mdl ; " and he adds, '• the evidence of the Uarbor.Vlaster Lambly, intimately
•■ acijuainlcd with the locality, leaves no doulit on the subject," " '
Now ..I the lirst place Lanilily cannot be aequaiiitod with the locality, for he never was
up as high as the mill, nor did Ac evi'r, according lo his own account, gcc any schooner sail iiji.
The words on which Judge Duval relies are the following. "The l{iver Beaujiort is a small
■• river, lul is navigable at high water to ;(,■((/• the mill for batcnvx, small schooners and so
" forth,'' lie had ]ireviously said, '■ • the river' is little more tlmn ' a creek,' I consider all
" rivers creeks w hicli are di'y at lnw water," He added, " I have not seen tiie premises in
'■ iiuestion since the year 18-11. at which jicrimi thei''^ were no wharves."
Kow, .ludge ])uval, guided, or all'ecling to be guided, by diis testiimuiy, affirms that
scbomiers have sailed uji (not near to the mill) but agfiirtu the mill and he overlooks the
(iua!ifyiiign'l,iectivesw('//,vvliich. Coming after the -vord bateaux, indicates a (liminiilive kind
of craft, nor does .ludge lii.val liiuit the period of sailing up tu the lime at which the water
was high. :„ . . ...
13
to
M-
I'(T
ly,
.it
to
w-
But, conscious tliiit sonu'tliing was waiitiiiir, lie lias the otlVonlovy to pi'otoivl " tliut tlio
" idaiia clofti'ly hIiow tlio eiu'voai'liineiits of tlio Iicsiiondent (Cii^jy) on tlio very bed of tho
" river, ami the liitter'n utter diKrcj^anl uf tlio riglits of others. ' Utitil those encroaclimonts
, , ire removed, " ho asks how is Brown to get gi'aiu to iiis mill, or to Kcnd his flour to market."'
All ,(ud;,'es are hound to ho guided liy the evjdenee, and the <:entkimen whom I have
tho honor to aiKlref,s will he .siirprised to learn, on the authoj'ity of tho Lords Justices, tlii'.t
'• the pai'titulnr portion of the river where the ehainu 1 Is snid to hnvo becneontraeteJ dots
'" not appear to have beeu aetmlly in use lor tho purinse^ of navij^ation.'
Chief .hi,4live Lafontaine too, iii hin written jii<lginent, referring to this sulijeet in open
Court, ])nliliely and audibly read the following words ; " Drown nn pas memo prouvo qu d ait
"jaiuais coniluil lui bateau u sou luourin )iom' y iiiarucr 'Us tin ines oudesgraiii.s," "Brown
" lias not even pioved that he ever took a boat up to his mill either to load or to unload
"tloiii'or grain." Jiiit Brown had alleged it, and though it was so iutere-ting a fail thai
the absence of proof amounted to evidenei', that the allegation was unfounded !ii(l.iO
Duval eho.-o to assumi; the respon.^iliillty of asserting it to ' e true, and not onh in tli<
ab.senee of evidence but in the teeth of the written aflirmation ufhi^ Chief t(> m.ujitaui that
schooners luul ?farled up as high as the mill. /■ ^v-. 7; ;;•' :^>.;;:,S: >i- .■•;-■ ./fi>^. i-; •
Nor was he suti.sticJ with that most reprohcnsihle mode of dealing with the sub_,i(t hut
in the l;!th paragraph ho rancorouslj- taxes tho Jiespondent ((tugy) " with the lommis'.ioii
•of an act done in open violation of tho laws of the land, and of neighbors' right-, and
he stigmatizes tho allegation that 1 had erected my wkarf U) protect m3-self iigainst tho
tvorks of the Appellant Brown as •' a I'lainyij aitt'iapt to jaMi/ij the niiiiin'^s'"ii of Dint n * '
But Judge l)uval did not stoj) there, and he succeeded in depriving me the -unes>tnl
suitor, the Besjiondent, of a siuu of about SltiO. lie otfected it, as he hiiiisell -i\- '' hv
■'• refusing foes of office to the IJospondont, who appeaiv 1 in iicison and coudin'i 1 in- i w 11
"case."
"This (he adds) is in cw:if irniily with the Jlu•i^pl•l|lU■llcc In Kraiicv.''
,; Upon the aiitho!-ity of the L U'ds Justices I fliitly cmitnidict Judge 1)imuI l!i iii_ 1
Jii Ige he c )iild roh mo of my fees, but he cannot impose iipon my roasoi', nor can lit di pi i\ i.
mo of the iidvantage of the infln-niaiion which it has pleased <jod that I should pis-t- , It is
not much, porha])s ; hut although he has boon so much more snccosfiful thai; I, (f Uimu n <|
could assign the causes of his siecess) that inlornmtion so far as it a))j)lies to tin- 1 a-t 1-
eviilentl\-m ire than lie can fiirly lay claim to, and ho seonis to rely u[>iii aiidacit\ 10 iiiiitv
or cajolo a timid, divideil population, in which no pulilie opinion has as yet devoloped
itself >,;. ;i';' •-■'':::. "'■:,;;; ■■■■'^■^^•.-■<i■':b'■L^■''''y<'
Inasmuch, however, as it is true that Her ^lajesty the Queen in Her Privy Coiim. il did not
reverse the Ju('ginent denying mc foes, and did not decide that I wa- intitled to kes, until
after Jitdgo Duval had conJMently, (let mo a<ld, oxultingly) e.velaimod : •■ This (Ins (K nial of
" foes) (^M //( conformity with the Jm-iqymdence in France !'' it might bp ui-god on his boh.ill that
he couhl not /■ircsi'c that decision. Prepared tor his afTocting to rely on that pretext I hi kii
under subjoin .some coiudiisi%-e authorities on the subject, from tho ^'ear l.'12-l to IT"''
;, -^ 'A ;;^. ■;-;■■-,;■ Tc.<i:f. '" ': ■ ''^^' TransMion. ■
..'■"'" Jiia liratifjue jiidiciaiiv, rectie et ob^erveo ''''he praeiioe rccoivou awt olisierved In tl.o
." par tout le royaiiine do Fraiiee, do ^Ir. whole Kingdom 01 Fr.inio iy 31i'. Imbcrt.
',' Jinbert, illiistive et eiirichie ile pbisjoiirs illiistn..ed and enriched ly several learned
../••doctes eommentaires, intcr[uvtutious. an- commentai-ios, intei'iiretalioiis i'.nd aiinota-
* notations cxtmictes dos Doctcurs, PratI- tions, extraotod froiv. I^X'tora, Practitioners,
i^a-piens, Edicts. ( (nionnaneos, ot Arrests des Edicte, Oi-dinancos ajid Judgnionts of tho
■"FCours des Pnrlcinents — par 51. Pierre Cmirts, by Pierre (Jnenois, ('lown Coii"scl.
■^*' (Jiienois, con.soillor du Eoi, et M. lieniard and Jt. lieniard Aiitomne, Advocate, Paris
" Automne, Advocat an Park nient— Paris, Kditjon, lH^.'i, patro .'Jat.
.#' Edition I62:i.
'!Be la conihtmiintion </(■.« it^/>rns, tinr rt Uqnldn- (H fhi- i'on</ctnihitl<in to i-uatx, the taxation Urndi
tion ,ri-'em\ ' 1 1 qu Illation thereof.
" Fjo juge en toiile sentence doit condamner •' The Judge in eveiy judgment must eon-
" celiiy ipii perd sa cause, envors ( 'iiy qui " demn him who has lost his cause to pay
11
■ la giigiio o~ ik'sju'ii-; cijiiinii' il c-t ilil
" [)ii;- l-'OiHlounaiK't! ilu Kiii Clmi'lo-* Vlll,
'• iirl. ciniiuanUi."
•' L'DrdoiiHiiiuo (111 Riii CliaiU,^ W, l.'Jl'l,
•■ voilt quo cuhii (|iii Slice, )1uIk' oh (jiiu^.o doit
'• ostre I. iiulamiH' aiix flo|)Oiis cnvcM-Ht-u partio
'• ailvcrse Huivant lo droicf. Ancuii colligont
'• (lu rOnlonnuiiLO ile 14!>;), ot tlo colic Jo
■ '^C'harlea VilT, rociteo an toxto do notj-o
'.' nUtoiil', quo. quolqiio* oaiincs quo co soit,
'• oiR-oi-c qu'ollo soil juste ot raifjonnablo,
i'.n'cxoTniito |iiiint ([uo 1« i)ai'ti(M|ui -iiic'ombo
■ f _ne fiyit, foiuhuu'it'iJ aux il(;j)oiis.
'^^(JcJ-Wiikrilii iibnvrr, Tome \ir, luV'tion, lY2fl','
■ 11 iiiut oncorn olisorver, quo quoiquo la
'' ]iai'tio ait oinis do dcmandi-r la ;otidainiia-
'' li<))i dd.s dopons, cetto omission no donno
, " ))oiiit d'uttouito a la sontiiiifo, ct n'ompOclio
" jias qtio lii jinvtio qui miccombc n'y doivo
" L'ti'o ciuiilaninoo. tout <\q memo qui si ou
■' lc>< avait demanded. La raison est, parce
*• i|U'cii matioro do contrats et npntonoos on
" »iil>lJce aiix ohosc.-^, i/c quihis vtr&mmite .est
" pui'ti's coi/it<Jsiiif, Gluis, in I. 3. § w m«, verbo
" J'bi-tiiiiils, dc lc(/. H. Anfrci: (kcis. 5. 3Mtttml.
>• S'liynl. Hi: Rdniff. tniif. do cxjxms. art. 2.
'• irh >iH. num. Mh Umr.dms. WG.M qu.b^.
'\i}-iJji liaiK'/fr
'" Cotfo coMdaiiiiiaiicpii otait si indispeusaltle
'■ que si le jiiiio n'avail jias prouuiieii sur les
■• de[ieiis. il etait uilhjc <Jv Irs piii/cr cii, ,so;*
•• iKiiit j>roprc a ooliii qui a\ait gai,riie Il>
•• ]iroees |iar son jii;:eiiienl." ■- - ■;•
Tc.rt. ■
• '■lie t';vil ou {('ommoutaii'i; j.i(r I'Qrdiiuiiwc
'/'' I :!il7. |iai- M. Ser|)ill(>ii. Ciuiseiller ("ivil,
etc.! 'I'ilre .'111' ( |le< depeiis.j (•Miliuii i>l'
i7V<;.
■■ 'I'ouie [larlie soil jjri»iei|iale on intervi-
'■ Haute, qui sueioinliera ineme a uu iviivni
" dwlinatoirc, evoeaiions uu rcgloiueul dc
'' jugos soni eondainiiee uu.k depoiis iiidetini-
" mont, nouolwtaut la proximitt' ou audvs
'• qiialites des pai'lies, sans ipic sous proicxic
'• d'oquite, partago d'a'is, ou qucUiuo uutfc
'• cause (juo ee soil, ellc on puisso eti'o
•' d6eliari,'t<e; Dof'endons, a nos cours de I'ai--
" lonienl. (inind f'oiiseil, eours dos aiilcs el
" aiitros. nos oouifi, Roquetos do uotro Hotel
" ot do I'alais ct a tons auti'os Jugos, do pro-
" noiieor par lioi-s do cotif san.s dopons, You-
■' Ions qu'iLs soiont taxes on voftu do notro
"' jii'osonie oi'<l(>iinanee an ]ii'olit de eelui qui
'• aura olilonu delinitivemeiit, encore qii'ils
" n'eusscnt olo adjiiges, sftn^s qu'llN puisscnt
'■ eiro modoros, Ii(|uid6s ni roscrvos.
" <iiioiqii'uiio partio ait fait olle-memo les
" ecritures do son ))rocos, los diqiens no lui
" on sont pas moinis dun, parco qu'il no seruit
" pas juHto quo la partio qui u suoconibo,
" jirotltat de son travail. I>'ailleurs, celui
■• eosi- lo liiiii who has i^aiiieil il. as is said ',.,Vi
'■ by the ordinance ipt'tbo Kini,' Charles VIII, '■.;:
" .Vrtielc 511.
•• The ordinance of King Charlos IV, 1324,
'• orders that ho who fails in a cause mn.st bo
'• coudoinned to pay costs to the adverso
" ])arly. Jtisgalherod from the ordinance ot'
•• l-tOii, and from that of Charles VIII quoted
" in the text of our author, that \\]iato\ ti I <
'•■ the cause, and even thou.^h it bi )ust an I
" roasonnblo, the party wh > t nls laini )t le
'• oxcmptod from a eondi mii ili i ii ]u\
•' CObtS."
Tiwislaticai
thornier, iirst volume. ImIiIh ii ]T2'> ttlli
XXXI of tho costs.
it is moreover lo bo obsei \( I lb U illlifu_h
a suitor should have omitt I t) diiiiiiid i
condemnation in cosis against In-, i htisarj
tliat- omission docs not vitiate tho iiul^mtnt
and docs not exempt the put> vhiih fills
li'om being coiidemnod to p i\ l ^ts puii^tU
a.s if they bad been deinandt I lln i( i^on i-.
that in contracts and judgmmts tho things
ajro necessarily supplomeutLd dt qulhlls^tl
i.^siroilO est partes cogitassi, Gloss m 1j 3 m
rem verbo, Fortassis do leg. i Vii(i( i di c is ')
Alallosil siiigiil 8], lieliurt'. ti lit ib I sims
Art. 2 (rl. un iiiim iO, Boor dccis 1^
This coudomnation was so mdisptus il 1
that If tho judge had not u'ludn ittd upon
tho eosis, he Willi olili'jed to pdij llutn in
his oicii, jtroptr luuitc i bun who b^ Im
judgment luul gained Ihc caiisi
• TriinshilJcii
Onlinanee of lUliT, title ;il>t of the cisls, ' ■
i'dition of 17"H. '.vitJi coinnieiitary by .Ser-
pillon, JiKlge of tho Civil Chamber of the
Council. KvoiT (<uil<ir, whether an ori^'nal
parly to the huil or an intervonant, who shall
fail even ill a mailer of tbrm, shall bo con-
demned to pay costs iiideBnitely. although
the parties should bo closely related, nor
shall tho partj- failing be discharged from
tho payment of costs under pretext of equity,
ditl'cronco of opinion among tho judges, or for
any other eiiiiso whaltoever, and wo do licroby
jirohibit any of our judges of any of our
Courls from iironoiiuciiig any decision whoi'e-
by any iiarly nniy be exemplcd fnjin Ilu
jiayinoiit of costn. And wo hereby diroci
that the costs be taxed in virtue of our ])re-
sent ofilinaiico, allhough they may not have
been adjudged, and wo fiirtlnu' order that -v;
they bo not nwdgralcu, diminished or I'C- >;
served. '";:-'. '■' ■ '.J' . -Si" '...:,;■;!' .,; t,v'-^\y-r ■:'•>'■:
Althougl; one of tlvi partJcs glimild hWi' '
liimnflf diiHt: ilv. uritiliij irquiaitc for his suit
the ('(lif^s arc nut less due to him, biravsc it
icouhl not hrjiLit fhnt the party w/iiih hng failed
simdd profit Ijjj tlie tcork of the othir. It /.<
clear that he »■//" /('»■< sneeeeded in tin einise
' '1
m.
15
"qui a iilitoiui 1,'ilin ik' caiiM' iiiii'iiil |m cm-
•' ployoi- uon ti^iiqis [hiiii- d'ltiitius ol- liih'o k>
'' memo prolit tloiit it serait privp, B'il no
" iiouvnii cxinvr SOS vaeatious."
Text.
1 iwcdui-f Civil du Chntolet. Pari :, Edition
of ]"70, do ITustrnotioM, My. H. iiarlio 11.
par Mr. ['ii^ouM, Avooal.
" Los ])rocuroiir.s pciivoiU cxoroor lour
" mlniHtoro jiour ou.x, lours &inmi,.«, enfaiits,
■' ot puroiKs, A. la ditlwonoc dos liuissiors c
■■ autrcs oHioior^ do justice."
Te.rf.
Lo iiouvoau rrr.iHiiioii l''raiii;ai-'. ]iar ]\[.
]?oii6 Ga.sticr, ]irocurour oil la onur lUt I'arlo-
luoiit do Paris, Edition do lliH.'i.
'■ JFa.ximos iitabli.s par Ics Unn ot jugoos par
" les ar;-ost.'<, ooncornaiit los dcpcns, dom-
" mngcs ct iutorots, pnur wofvir d'instructioii
" uxix ju.^e.s qui on prononoont la oondanma-
•■ tion ot au.K ])roourours ot jiracticions qui
■' assistont a la ta.\o ot li(juidation d'iooux.
'J'itn: ilr la tii.vc dcs ih'pcii.^.
'■• Cent UMC ro;^lo n'^noralo on prooos quo
" oolui qui a pordu sa oauso. suit domandour
'• ou dof'ondeur, doit oiro oondamno aux
'■ dopcns, onvors ooiui qui a oUonu ; iu'cl>i.-i
■■ cii'turi. ill. ijpfniiU minjiim qui. litis coihIcih-
'• 7umdi(s ctt, I'riijirriiinlHiii V.i. xiin' Mitem § '.'
" (If judic\ C'if st I'Ordon nanoo. do Cliarlos J V,
'■ do I'an VM\. qui poi'to quo colui qui sue-
•■ oomliora on ciiuso sora oondamno o< dopens
' eii\ors sa ]iai'lii' .'idvor-o, ot i-K\ unnnli-taut
" qu'il y a onuluino cimtrairo, (pio lo Itoi
" diVlaro ]iar oos ordounanoos, al>u>ivo. au
'■ ro!;'istro ooU.' Onli/uiti'iin'^ iiiiti'iiiir. tiil. ;i.
"Co f|uo .lu-linic'ii onjoiut aux juiros si I's-
"troilmont ol iiroi'isi^mont (pio s'ils dulilioiil
'• ou nogliii'ont do oe liiiro ; ''/«'' <'< p>-ii)iri'>
'■ lmjui<iiioili jiiimv fiilijiti'ctiHiit rt mlf/iri' cdin
'• piirti htsir riiiiniiiMdHtiir. II proud la, oou-
'■ damnation lU's (iopon-- pour poiuo. qu'il vout
" quo los jun'o^ |iiirlont ol jiayont do lours
" projiros douiors, (pii a'auroui oundanino os
" dopons oolui qui aura perdu sa caux',
" Aussi (tor ainsi ?) nolo juj^o ])ar ari'ol du
•' Parlomont do i'aris, du donxiomo janvior,
" Lifitl.
'• ()uiil do oolui (pii a lui-iuonio oonduil sa
" causo ot no s'osi, sorvi ilu niinistoro d'auoun
" iidvooal ni doproourour: jo tions quol'advo-
■' oat (pu a oorit ou ])laido pour soi ot olrfouu
•' los dopcns pout ro(piorir (axe dosos salairos
" no pouvaat otro contraint do romottro .«ion
" luhour ctnquUtor son travail a colui qui I'.i
" voxo induniont ; ponrrooomponsodo laquollo
" itiduo vexation ct on ivniuncration do sa
" tcmorilo il ohtioudra uno immunilo ot
" cxomptiou do dopons. Autrcnicnl sorai(
" ustroindro los advocuts do ciMnmottrc lours
•' affaires ciitro los mains d'uutros porsoinios
•■ do somlilalilo ipudito, (pii, vraysomlilaMo
iiiiijld hact iki'ot^dhii time to some otlur rnmr
or i'dubci, and might luwe made theswiic profit of
whieh he lOMild be deprived if he roiild not CMU't
his cost I'.
Translation.
(!ivil Procoduro of the Court oallei' lo
Chatolot Paris, Edition, 1779. of the Inslruc-
ti in, 2u<l book, 2nd ])art, \iy Mr. l'ii;oau,
Advocatt.
AtUa'iioys can oxcrciso (lioir ministry ii^r
themselves, Ihoia' wives, eliildren and i'c4ii-
ti'.'os, whioli tho Bailitts and other oiTiecrs of
Justice must not do,
Transhitiov.
" 'Pile new Froucli Practitioner, by lime
•■ (ia-lirr. In tho Court of the I'arljanient nl
■■ Pan.s, Edition of 1CC5, nuvims established Inj
" the laws and adjitd-jed hi/ the decisions ivncem-
" ing costs and dama;.cos intended for thu
" instruction of Judges who may ]ironouuco a
" condemnation lo pay oosis. and lo tho
'■ Attorneys and ])r^',ctitioiier.s \vlio attend at
" tho taxation and liquidation thereof.
■■ ';■ Tife (if til.' iii.raliim of eosf^.
'■ It is a general rule alVoeling all lawsuits
• that he who has lost his "nuso, whether a^
'■ Plaintitl' or .Pef'ondant, shall be condonine I
'■ lo pay costs to him who has suecooded. it
'• is tho lU'dinaneo of Char'i.-i J \'. in the i/ijir
'• l.'i2t, which orders that ho who iinls in a
'■ eaiise sludl 1)0 condemned to ])a3' costs to the
" adverse party, and that TuHwithstanding
'• aiiv custom to tho eoi.^rary, ■« hioh custom
•• the King declares to be abusive. Il is tluit
" which Justinian enjoins upon the Judges
■■ s(i striotly and ]irocisely that if they forgot
'• or neglect lo ccmdemn to costs, they thelii-
'■ ,-ielres trill hi ,-<,mi'elhil In pn/ them. life
'■ luilds tlir condc.nnalion In p:iy costs to hi' a
■■ pmiilfi/ Unit the .Iiiili/is .sliall vaij mit of their
•■ ,„rii pr'ipi r fiiiidi slioiihl they not hnre con-
'■ ill iiuiid h'lii ir/io h'ls lost his I'li'i.^e to pay
■• c<,,v/,v. 1 1 was so adjudged in t-ho Court of
" the Purliamont of Paris tm the Second of
" Janiuiry, 15(iH."
What is (o be -^uid oi' him irho has eondioied
his ouii raiixe iind luw nol availeil himself of
tho ministry of any Advoeate or Attorney?
I hold that tho Advocate tvho heis UTitten and
iirijae.l fir himself and olitained a condemnation
ill ea<ls e,in require the iii.nition thereof and
i-iinnnt be compelled to make over the value if
his work to him hii whom he has been unduly
ve.eedyfor recom/icuse rf tehieh vndue vcxatioo,
and by way of rcmuncratiny him for his temerity,
ttie party so vcieing loould obtain an immunity
and an e.vemption from the paynient of co.-j^--,
An3' other motlo of proceeding would efHn;>el
Advocates to entrust thcii afl'airs to other
persons of tho same (ptality who would pn;-
bably accept no reniuneration, or to cause
their ])loas to he signed by other Advccato-.
because, wore they to be c.)m|iolled losue (or
10
'■' inPiit 111' jiiviiilriiil rioii dViix, on do t'airo iliiniam's, llic ditriciilty would lio I'lidloss, aii<l,
" 8i,i;)itTlfst.(riliii\'!<|iiiriMi.\-; nirdfroini'ttro it iniiy lio iiddeil 1ms ncvi'i' ln'oii iirncliM'd.
'• leurs Raliiires on lii;iu' do doinmngerj ot The voiisou lis stiitod li.v t'leim'iil Vitilliniit in
" infoivts CO soriiit uiio (dio.so iiiHnio cr qiii Hint he ulv) •■an iiAd dtuuncit ^/ .i/./'kic for him-
'• d'liilloiii's no s'ost janiais prntiqiioo.
.. " Lii raisoii do ^^[ais(l•o (Ilonioiit VaiUaiii
"'•est, (ino tjii-i pout ot vont no iloit osiro
•' oinijik'Juf d'eeriro ctdc plnider ]>our soi.'
La Jiirf.ijiruilena' <hi (,Wr.
Ta's) ooutuinc's et los dooisioiis do.'i coiu's
souvoraiiios. Par M, ('. Forrion
V!\r\>. Kdiiion of 1081.
'• Quoiquo f'oliii qui « olitonu <;aiii do L'au>o
" ait tiiit lui mOme toutoM les oorirui-os, toiito
•' fbis il obtieiulva la oondaiunation do dei>ens
" coiiti-o sa j)ai(io, pjuTo qu'il uVst pas ju>to
• quo sa ]iartii', cpii a succoiid o. pi'olito do
rli mn-it not be prevented.
,/iiri.'<jn'uih'iti'i' "f Ihi' I'i'ili'.
Tlio Customs and Dot' sionsoC I lie Sovoroij^n
r,ivio Vir ('.♦urts. I'.vM. ('. Foi-ioiv, Vn liool;. I'aris,
Ivlitioii ol' 1(!84.
Altliniiiili lio wli'i lia'< oMiiiiiod a judymout
in ids tiivor should iiavo liinisoll' wi'itlon all
theproc.cedingH,l«) should novertlioleKs obtain
a cundoninati. ii to oosts atiaiiist his adversary,
hooauso il i.s not just thai that advofsary who
"son travail ot il fiiut qu'il y soit oondainno has tailod in the oauso shouM )ii"itit hy tho
" conmio si e'otait un.aulro <pi'il \ei ciit fait. WDi'k of tho suoooisful party, ami it is nooos-
" Ouiro quo eeiii scriiit injuslo autrcmenr, sary tlmt ho \s-ho fails in the oauso should ho;
" paroo quo oi?lui (pii anrait (ditoim <rain do oondomnod to ])ay oosts as if anothor than
" cause, luirait |iu oiiiployor sou temps jiour the >uieos.sful party had done tho work. It
•• d'autfos ot fairo lo memo ii'aiii qu'il doit would bo unjust to aet otherwise, hoeauso h«
■■ avoir tail v\\ travaillant pour hii-mo.mp, sil w]io 1ms sueeeeded in tho eauso, if ho weio
" no piiuvait |ias on exigor (Ic salaire/' ' ';■ ' libt allowed compensation for tho laboi
. ' ;■ r V "lii^'it In'^"*^ devoted liis time to tho sorvi( o
■ .;'. .■.■■'/:-•.':../•■'•:>?' -'--v .'J'.'-^V' ,,|' ,,||,i,,.s. and made tho same profit that ho
.v," (iui:)it to rocoivo in worUinii for himself.
Tho ooiiivo wliich Judge J)uval lia.s Uius untruly saiil was in eonformily with the Juris-
jirudoneo in Franco wa» pur.sued against me in throe ca'-os. namely, in the pro'ont eaui-e, in
another cai..sc against mo at (he ^uit of tho same I'laintirt' BroWn, uml in a Biiit brought
against mo by one Ferguson, his servant, who claimed fro!.i me compensation in dnnniges for
havinjr ta.xed him with pei-jury when uii<ler examination as a witness. Tho attempt wiw also
ma<le in a foui-lh case, but limiting my complaint to iho-o throe oases I calculate my lo^s,
adding iiiierest to prinei|pal, at soTno thousands of dollars.
lieai'inn- i" niinil Judge Duval's eontidcntas.«criion that lo refuse Jees lo an Attorney who
acted for himself (as hedid in the Juili;nient heroin above quoted') was in conformity with tho
Jurisiu-udonoe in Franco, my I'eadiu's will please to note that havini,' been subsequent!)
subjected to a similar outrage 1 appealed to Jlcr ^[ajesty the(Jiu'on in her I'rivy Council. A
report of tho case is to be found in tho eleventh volume Lower Canada Keports, )ia;;o 4?4
rpon referring to that iiajio any one, taking a siilHoient iiitevest in the subjed, will find A
number ot' old French authorities cited by Jud'ie Taschcreau. ])ro\nng inconlestably tint
,Iiidgo Duval was wronir, and that the Jurisprudence in France, was precisely the. reverse ot
what ho hud alleged il to I e. ' • ■.>;;.. ■•,v.-, •■;: • ►■•,.:.•.-■;:;
Tho Judirnient denying nu' tees was aceordiii!.'ly reversed, but not until 1 had been com-
pelle I to cros.s the tho Atlantic eiu'ht limes at my own expens^e.
The opiidoa of the Privy ( ■c)unoil was not oidy I'avorabloto mo, but their J,ord>hips --aiil
that they •• were constrained to ob~erve that llKVcoiild not iniderstai"'. how the reasons ;, Ivi n
" by the ( aiiadiaii Judges eouM be good reasons for disallowing t./ tho atlomoy his fee , for
" ervicos ]ierloriuel in thocau.^o as attorney. Their Lord. hips ad(!, that they thought that
• it was tho duty of the Canadian Courts to administer tho old French law, and tnat those
"Judges could not alter it or de(dini' lo apply it on 1,'rounds of suppo.sed expodioncy as they
•■a[>pcaiid to have done in that case .-ind in the procedinij cases * on which tb if Judgment
" was founded.''
Il will probably be surmi-oil that the • groiimls " li)i refusing me fees wore intf merely
'• iiijipiisi'il cxiiciliiiirij ;" but 1 have promi.sed to deal old}- with matter of fact.
Accordingly I submit a co])y of some facts which are intended to show the intense
selfishness of Judge Duval, and liis hinli-handed, indecent vefusal, to make reparation for tlio
wrong which he had perpetrate<l. The fir>t fiict is iho undeiwritli'ii Petition :
Tliiit now in quc-lion is dm of llif jireccilini/ ran-'s Iiitc iciiTivd Ki.
17
To tl • Honorable the Jmtkia of the Court of Queen's Bench, Appeal Side.
TIIK I'KTl'rioN OF HAHTIIOI.OMKW fONIJAT* AUGUSTUS GUGY, AX ATTOR-
NKY OF TUIS COl'J{T.
]{osi)octfiilly Shewcth, —
That in throo cnseH montioueil in tl o imirj^fiii. your Potitioiior wnn iloiiicl foes by tlio
J.iil^^moiit oftho mtijority of this Court.
That ill oaeh and aH oftlioso cases your Potitionor wan cnijiujcd in resisting aggression, was
loth Defendant and Respondent in two oases, ami Defendant and AppoUajit in the third, and in
4'> exeri'isinj the riijht »/ self defenri', was nitiniateiy sueocsufiil in all tlu'oo.
That 3-our Potitionur brought tlio last of tiioso Judgments (pronouncc'd on the I'.Hh of
-Decenibor, 1862), by Appeal, before llor Mnjentyin Iter Priv}- Council, and tliat the riglit of
your Petitioner to fees was maintained.
Tiuit your Petitioner pubniits herowitli a printofl copy of the reasoning of the Lordn
Justices for liio infonna'ion of this (,'ourt.
Tliat your Petionor, by the scries of Judgments of which lie comphnnssuft'ered iminoim
loss; and that under the circumstances he has ventured to a]>pcal to the iiiagnniiimity of tJie
Judges of this Conrt who concurred therein, to repair the ovil.s which they have caused, and he
has suffered.
Quebec, Uth JIarcli, 1807. A. GUGV.
Tlio foregoing Petition was pre.-.ented on the fourteenth of , March, mul on the ensuing (Inv
the Court ordered it to be taken off the tiles.
This was the only notice taken of it, and there is no record of it, for it was returaedto
me bearing the above mentionwl order. Nevertheless — if I could h.ixo relied upon the
integrity and courage of such Judges as might in rotation be called upon to adjudicate, or
"ould ospod to live long enough to see the end of it. I ((juld have sued Judge Dnval nnd
recovered the amount.
Tlie authorities hereinbefore cited will bo found to support this ])reten.-*ion.
Ctcntlenien, having entered ujion my seventy-seventh j-car, I cannot hope to live long •
enough to see how j'ou will deal with this matter, nor even jierbaps to address you a second.;' '•
tlnie. Hence it behoves me to communicate to you as many facts bearing lipon the subjocti' ,.' ..V
as I can without much dilliculty substantiate. ■•.,%'•
Ferguson's action. No. 87S, was brouglit on 2(!tli April, 18,")'.). He complained that, iii ;-rV
commenting upon his evidence in favor of my adversary Brown, 1 had charged him with
perjury, and denninded the moderate sum of JC500, by way of damages. I thereupon appoareil
by attorney, and Mr. J. R. Smith was mv attorney, ilis appear.'\nce, still on tiie files, and
the plea '-justification " are all in his well-known liaml. ■. ■;. %■'!:/
This plea not lieiiig sniteil to the peculiar constitution of Fc^jiison he dennirred, and' • '(
Judge Andrew Stuart, dismissing my plea, condemned me to paj- one hundred dollars diuu- i^
ages with costs. '• • ^ . ' . '. --■
Driven to de.-poniuon I appealed, and the jii<lgnient against n)c was reversed — rcvcr.-cd ' .,'
in spite of Judge Duvil, ^vho would have confirmed it. ' , ..
The judgment in Appeal bears the Tth May, 18,51. It revorses the judgment against mo.
with costs in both Courts,ailding (and here I copy its very words) what followv. : '• In the taxing
• ol which costs no attorneys or other fees upon any of the proceedings hud in either ('oin'l
" shall be allowed to the Appellant by vfiason of his being » practising j^ttornoy. and oC i^u; ; •
" having conducted his own defence. " - ;'
But this — though Judge Duval affirmed it — vris not triir.
, GkNTI^.MEN, i-'H^^.fj
Should Jiulgo Duval impute to mo any statement not absolutely true, ho can, as mpu
know, bring mo before a Juiy. and I horeb}^ t\Q,fy him to do so. Should any'pari of the fbi-c-
going narrative npjiear to you. however, to bo incredible, by referring "it to a committee
composed of honorable men, you will have the means of testing: m^ vorncitj-. Then if after
enquiry 3-ou should find, as honorable unpivjudico 1 men m\ist find, it to bo truthfnl througli-
out, you cannot avoid coming to one of two conclusions: —
18
1. Jrdjfol u.al (.Mtlior know llie law, ir did not know llic law. wlicii lif wj deprived mo
H{,'ain8tlaw oftliousaiKls, of dolliirc, and greatly encourago.' my lulveiwiry. If . Judge Huval did
not know the law he wa» and ina most ignorant, a most lontemptililo and pitiable eaititV, and
i«iioiild be condemned to i-o[)ay mo my actual money lusfet, besides making eompenwation for
the loss of twenty years of my lifo spent in dcfondLig myself. By wav ok kxampi.k ho slionkl
also be condemned to^tbe jienitentiary for i'Mi years.
2. Should yoUjOn the cimlrary.become convinced thatbedid know llcUiiwyou cannotdeny
lhat he is a far more unprinoij)le<l and defcstiiblo wretch tban any tbicl' whose name has ever
floured in the annals of crime. In thiw (m»e he ought to bo confined in the penitentiary for
life.'' But attempts will be made to cxrlfc yourjilti/, and for obvious reasons the so-called Jlin-
ister of Justice, among others, will assure you that Judge Duval onli/ symjitithtscil idth Brown
bLCime I had attacked Bnmt. This would be noibiiig new, for, when referring to this subject,
J have often had the mortitication to be doubled, and one man, a Ivirojiean of course, ileoming
n^v at^'count incredible, and finding that Brown was a layman and 1 a lawyer, distinctly inti-
mated that he never would believe that iU hare had hunted the hound. Owing to that oft'ensivo
imputation I did not stay to infbrm him that 1 had had witiiin the last twenty years to contend
(here and in England) against some twenty-five lawyers, all retai-iotlin someone or other of
tiie actions or appeals into which Brown had unfairly dragged nic.
Like the deaf adder ho would mil hear, but you will enquire, learn and believe that Brown
was, as I affirm ho was, the aggressor. I rejK'at — you will either believe what -Mr. Byland has
affirmed, on oath, and 1 have heroin above distinctly stated, that Brown was the aggressor,
or you will, at least if j-ou doubt, ynu ought to empdro,
I have in the foregoing pages adverted to the four consecutive actions brought against
mo by Brown — kW dismissed, in all of which when, carried into appeal, he failed.
Finding as you , ill see that the witness Temior has sworn "that as he (Brown) could not
" succeed in that way lie was determined to succeed in another, and in order to have the pleasure
of tahinij viy property in execution and causinr/ it to be sold," he resolved to buy up and did buy
up mj' debts. In a ntestation arising out of the purchase of a debt duo to one Cam))bell,
which he had bought, andfor which be had (ibtainel a judgi'icnt and upon lhat judgment had
sued out an oxoeutioi) r an amount ictiich he had then preciously received, he was last iind
condemned to pay co.^n.
On presenting my bill to lie tuxei 1 W:i> met by an olijeclion to my claim for fce-i, and
nil that objection (made by Mr. Parkin, Brown's aftiirney) the taxing oflicer, admitting tln>
objection to be founded on the precedent which I have cited, disallowed the charge for fee-i
Upon appeal, however, to the Court over which Judge Taschereau presided, that dci i-mn
was reversed, and I was allowed fees.
This decision, proving that that Ju Ige did not acquiesce in the legality (if th'i above
reported, previously recorded decision of Judge J)uval sitting in appeal, was of course imiiRdi-
ately brought up for revision in his, Judge Duval's. Court, and there — .as was to be exiu'cud
the Judgment in nij- favor was reversed. . ,
IFerc. Cientlemen.I beg and earnestly hope that you will order the original .Tudtjmeiit as
written by one of the Judges, an 1 al<o the recor i of it as duly entere I by the othcer of the
Court, to be laid before you. - .: '^ •■•'■: .■■
The copj- now submitted for ymir jierusil is, .' affirm, word for word a true copj-. But
please recollect the dninlvcn frolics of Chie;' Justice Jeffries, for I who, unfortunately detest-
ing spirits, am disliked bj- drunkimls, a j)oworful body, having a well known protector, dare
not say more. But stung, goade<l b\- the humiliating position in which J have been com-
pelled to staid before Judge Duval and his eonijieers. and by the losses thereby entailed on
mc and on my innoce it children, l^venture to call upon you, as you will answer to Ahuightv
God, to enquire into the c< n litioii to which its organ and President, Judge Du\al, has reduced
the Court of Appeal. As a matter oi' duty as well as at' cvriosifu you may also enquire into
* Tliat Is tilt iiuiiiahineut to which he would Lave ouuJcinnwi jih?, liud I unlawfully uli.strncted iiiiy pnrt
111 liis saliirv. But I have the eame right (iit least) to ni.y lies tlmt he has to his salan — and society is
inttTCslfd III tlie pris ■rvatiuii ul' the int!e_)endcMicc_or llic liar.
19
tl.o flgnre tlmt ho ciitH on the criminal nido of tlio Court, und wliy thoro Bhoul.l bo so mnny
fiiihircH of psticc, and why it Bliould iiuvu bccoiuo a more huge coinpliculcd, expensive,
whitewashing maehiiio. And pcrhups you may leani, or infer why he is iU Trcsidont.
But here foUoWH an osaet eopy of tlie Judgnu.iit as it it) rocordetl.
"PlloVINt'K OK('ANAt)A, \(^(j^||j,,, ^^^,^. QUJ.>JX'.S BKNCH (ApPBAL SlIIE.)
'■ ],(iWKa Canviv j
Ki-idiiy. ihr iiiii.'ieciith day nf Dtceinlier, one tiiousun.i eii;lit liundred an 1 sisly-two.
•' PllKSKNT ;
" Til.' llnMoraiili' -Mr, .hsTicK A i.wiN,
(. '• Mr. .IrsiHi: M K.HKinTii,
11 '• ^Ir. JlSTllK. MoNDKI.KT,
>f„ g(l, n •• Ml'. .llSTKK HkHTIIKI.oT, Mlppk'ftnt,
(1 " Mv. ,1 1 STICK iiAfMii.KV. ad h'lv.
■■ WirXIAJi: BIIOWN, of the Parish of Beauport. in the District of Quchci'.
'■ Mcridiant, PldhiHf in the Cunrt helmc,
ANW
'^ B.MITIIOLOMKW CONJJAD AUOUSTUS GUdY, of the sai-l Parisli of Bcauiiort,
. • Esquire, Adviieato. Itrfmdiint in. the Court Mine,
AND
•' The said WILLIAM liitOWX, Appellant,
AM)
"The said BA UTIlor.uMKW CoXliAD AUtiU.STrrj (UJOY, Opposont, n tin
'• d'annuller, and the said Bartholomew ( 'onrad Aufnistiis Gugy, as such Opposant.
'• Ajipellant, to the Superior Court (Voni ilic taxation of tlie costH * of tlie said
"Opposant in the said cuse. Iiy the I'rolli.. notary of the said Superior Court.
" had and made in tlie said cause,
'• Respondent.
" Tlie Court of Our Lady the Queen, now here, having heard the pai-ties hy their
•• Coun.^el i-espeetively, examined as well the records and proceedings in the Court below us
" the reasons of appeal tiled by the Appellant and answers thereto, and mature deliberation.
" on the whole, being had : seeing that by law and practice, no fees can be allowed to Counsel
" and Attorneys in caaea in ichieh they (lef a.i .{tt"rnei/s of record in the cause, and that, therefore,
"there is error in the Judgment by which the Bespondent has been allowed costs in his
" favor: It is consi'ereil and adjudgdl that the said Judgment, to wit, that rendered by the
" Superior Court at Quebec, on the second day of Xovembor, one thousand eight hundred
" and sixty-one, bo reversed, set aside, and annulled ; and proceeding to render the
" Judgment which the Court below ought to have rendered : It is considered and adjudged
" that tlie bill of costs by wliich the sum of eleven pounds and ten sliillings currency be
" rejected from the costs claimed by the said Respondent, and included in the opposition;
" and that the taxation of the Prothonotai-y be affirmed, with costs to be borne by the
" Respondent in favor of the said Appellant, as well in the Court below, as in the Court here,
" and, lastly, it is ordurcd that the record be remitted, to the intent tliat it may be done what
" to law and justice may appertain in the iiiemises. Mr. Justice Mondelet dis.senting, and
" the Court on motion of Messrs. Parkin and Peiitlund. grant them dinfraction clip dipens iiJ
" this cause."
Mr. Parkin, (Brown's Attorney), a gentleman of acknowledged abil ity an<l profound infor-
mation, had. as you have been inibrmed, successfully objected to my claim for fees. Ilis claim-
ing distraction is a proof both that he attached (and 1 admit justly attached) great import-
ance to that item of his income, and that he had no confidence in the honor of his rich client.
But he could only bo entitled to fees because " he hid acted as Attorney in the cause." Now 3-ou
being conscientious men will probably condemn the distinction which the Ceurt made between
us. Why should fees be denied to me and grante 1 to him. for, though he is, as a practitioner,
much my superior, he had done no more work than I, ho hud acted as Attorney in the cause
and so had I. Bat as > ou will read or have read the .sagacious decision of the Court that " by law
" an I pra -tiee "■> fee" can be aWnee.l to Counsel and Attorneys in eases in lehich they act as Attor-
" neysin the cause," you being inde])endent of the Judges (which I am not) will possibly
• Tills taxiitiiiii of copt.s rojccliiig my claiiii to i\v< was tlio only ciiu'slion.
20
m
insist upon being informctl al'ilu' cusuh in whiihfeoscan bo allowed ihem, nnd il'tlu' t'uurt
(«lwu\ 8 excfipling Jitilgo Momlt-iot, wlio diHKcntcd) if tlio Court inlcndtjtl to all«w foos indis-
criminately to all Attorrioys who had not actkI) as Atthrnf.vk.
Finally, I otter for your infonnution tj.o following statomoiit; In May, ll!H>4, 1 brought
nil lu'tion fur compenMitiun in daniagoH in which thoro liavo alreaily been not loss tbnn firr
appoalM, and I am no fUrlhcr advanced than upon tho day wlion that action was brought.
In the interval I rocovorod ii verdict Cor^l'.nH'!, but thisdoeiHion wan of course .siininiiu'ily
overturiK"! 'i the ,Sii])erior Court, Tliat obliged nio to a])ply for redrosi* to our I'roviiu'inl
Court of Aii|j^iil by which thodecUion of which 1 eomphiined was miHlitled. Judges Ihivnl
and liudgle}' diHr<enliug, 1 was theroliy directed to Nubmit my cumo to another .lui-y, which I
did. Hut on this oeeasion one Uanisay, a Kuropean, presided, lie in a young lawyer, having
no claims whatever to tho diutinotion of Assistant Judge, but promoted for causes winch I
shall not describe over the heads of fifty of his seniors and his superiors, including Sirachan
fJethune and other able and worthy natives. This Ilanisay of course decided that Judge
huviii's opinion could not be discussed, and charging violently against mo ho induced tho
.hiry to tind in favor of the Defendant. This matter is now before the Provincial Court of
Appeal, and the conduct of this jJamsay the cause of that Appeal.
Until i* is decided 1 can say no more on tlie subject, but if 1 live I w.ll succeed or at .
least bring it under the notice .if Ifer Majesty the <iueen in Ilor Trivy Council.
. : I Lave ondoavored to ilrnw a picture of Judge Duviil, and beg to offer you in addition n
profile of the adversary who has been, as I have shown, at my expense, the object of so much
Judicial patronage.
That it may be undorstoo<l it is necessary to promise that it was generally known that I
had gone to England to appear in jjorson before tho Judicial Committee of tho Privy Council,
anil that before my arrival the hearing of the cause had been postponed, and that having
icliiiiuMJ to C'iiiiHila I was idi(jut to repair once more to the Court in Englan<l into which 1
bail been dragged. Ipon this sub_|ecl the witness Vennor having said that as he wan
passing my adversary's door the latter opening it leipiosted him to walk in, continued as
I'ollovs ; —
Brown >aid : •■ N'eiiner, you will very shortly hiugli well. <iug}' is goingto England and
" be will ri'tuiii as be went, for I have the means of causing the law.suit between us to be
" decided in his absence, because I am more cunning than he is." , .
In another part of his evidence the same witness testifies as follows: —
'■ l)u 'ng three or four years Brown came to my house expressly to enquire whether an\'
'• people having claims on Colonel (lUgy ever called on me to discount I hem, to which I answered
'• in the attirniative. Theie\ipon Brown saiil, 'Tell them to cotne to my ulticc and 1 will give
■' ihem the full value of their claims.' 1 tlien asked him ' Why should you do that ? one never
'■ pays the full value when discounting a claim, especially when the debt is not payable imme-
'• diatcly but after some delay.' He answered, • That's my business.' He has a liundred times
" given mo his reasons for acting in that way, and that with anger ; and he has said : ' If I
'■can't succeed in one way I'll succeed in another; I'ccauee I've lost many lawsuits with tiugv.
" and I shall at least liave tho pleasure of taking his property in execution and causing it to
" be sold.' Brown id.'-o told nio that it was liis intention to crush down Ougy, by wliicli I
" understood hini. to say that he intended to ruin Gugy."
To elucidate this subject) an extract from the evidence of Edouaixl Eobitaillc, a Justice
of Peace, is subjoineil : " I said to Brown, ' make a note in a book, of the <lay on which you
" begin, and you will tell mo when you will have tinishcd with Colonel (iiigy, because 1
" dou't think iliat be will let jou deprive him of hisland withoutdofending himscll'.' Brown
" answered that lie had contended with other persons whom he had overcome, and Brown
" added, 'I will overcome him also.' From Brown's manner of speaking, I understoml that
" ho intended to ruin Colonel Gugj-, and to deprive the latter of his land in spite of Jiim.
" On meeting Brown subbequcntly 1 spoke of his l.nvsuit. Brown said, ' it will all be .soon
" settled, for I have judgments against Colonel Gugy, and 1 will seize his property and cause
" it to le sold before long, anil I'll nnmage to overcome him."
T
21
Hi'iv followH nil cxtnici from llu' U-stimoiiy of Ml". Sinitli, iin Ailvncuto :
Spcikiiij; of liiw liiwHiiiiH iIjc \vitiu'*<» Hiiid to Urowii, " (hoy iniisl co-t yipii ii irifiit iloal
'• of iiioiioy, Mr. Ilrowii. 'rim''« of no foiisf([iioiico, liu rfjiliod, I'vo ciioiij,'li to m'i()iii|)liHli my
" olijfct. I mitko Noino ovcry tiny om' way or iiiiolln'r; I'll otToot my olijoct j tliisi marniiif,',
" (it tlioii was only ten), [ cloarcvl ww liiinclri"! ilolliirs. 1 ri'<omiiii'ii(li'r| liis liil_\in)t (Jllj^y'n
" pr(i|mr(y, Ijiit ho would not."
" iro t(»ld int> timt ho wiHlld jiroeoctito <!tifry fo* loiifj n«i ho lived and hiul ii dcdhir. imd
' llmt «t lii« (tocenne lio would iiii])o'.c ii[ioii hi^ dc-ioondmits the duly of |inw(Miilin« Cliijry.'
(tontli'mon. you omi now form and will prolialily form Komo idou of tlio way in which
tho law in adminislorcd in this ho'lioii. liiii hvio fillows what many will hold tii ho an
iliorodihU>Mtntt)inont ; I. howovor, wh > atrirm that it is Iriio. am roady to provi' il -. —
liMwronoo .\nihro-o Cannin of tho ( 'ity of (Jiiohoc. Advociito and .\tlornfy, hroiifiht an
action a^taiiisl Hli/aholh llouly ot' tho samo jiluce, if(</ytf, and ho — this advocalo and at'.ornoy
— ooiiiluctcd his own suit. .:''>•' yVi'i..'.-:
On thoL'stli .Inno. 1S51. h" \iv pv<'rod .Iildicmi'iit with inlcivst and costs — coits iliolildilliU; :
foos.
Now, (roiitloinoM. .Mr. ('aiiiio:i a tod u>ff.'ro^nivoly, whilo 1, as you now know, stooil on tho
dofonnivo tliron;{lii>ut. '^"i ■■■••'.■■... ',
Mr. Caiiiion siiod Am oirn rli,i,t tor (^' -^ claimed l>y him (or haviii;.' actoil as lior nttor-
iiey in some former suit at law.
That client was one id' a class always m ire oi' lo-is unhappy, whose condition is provi'r- ;
hially commiserated.
Tho Jiid;,a', however, grantod fi^es to Ihc Attorney who littd eoliducli;;! hi.s own oasv, and
that .ladgo wiw Judge DnvnI. ■:-''i-'-'':' >';:■' '''':-:i '''X:: '<■{<<:<■'■'' '4' : ■;■'"'■;:''■''."■';,'.'}*
C-'nn you illlaJ^'ine M-liy he allowed fees to Mi . ( 'am. >n and refused thoni to nio ?
WiiH niy eonduot in dofendini; inysoIC suece-istiilly so sliockinir that it was noco-isary to •
make an oxampio of mo '.'
Tho law for which .liidi^c liinal atlocts to entertain so much respect — the ^'Jurisjirwkinr
" in Frunee " w.is not ehanu;e I ex|)re-(sly to oiialije Judiie Duval to act ai'hitrarily and capri-
oioiLsly. Or the contrary it wars in I.Sol, what it was in IHOl in IStili — and remains unal-
tered to this day. lie was ov.'deiitly. however, of ojiinion that the poor widow doservnl
less <'f)nsidoration tlian my wealthy ndversnrj'. - .;.".■.' '■.-•.
Or perhaps, (ieiitlemeii, ho had another reason. But hnvinjj row been involved in
hetwcen thirty and tiirty contestations, except u]ii)n oath at your Bar, Hhoiild you
see tit to examine me. I must not whis|ior a syllalilo of the cau^e ot'tlie distinction which Ins
Jlot'or tho llonoralile Judge made hetwoen Mr. Cannon and me. Let ino add that 1
a.->cril)o no maiinor of imj)ropriety whatever to Mr. Cannon, lie had a riudit to a-t as ho
did. And luckily for him, wiser and more prudent than 1, he — hut this is ;i delicate
Buhjeet on which I must not dilate.
Since tho first of tho foregoin;; lines were hent to tho printer, two reports have reached
nie ; One is to thi.s otl'oet, that Parliament is to ho moved to increase tho salaries of the
Judges, and to augment their niimlier. Another is that Judge I)uval is ndmittodly so utterlx
devoid of dignity, and so wholly uiitit for the Judicial Bemh. that he will he I'ecinested to
resign or to retire, and tliat his s]le^•ial friend, the Minister of Justice, will provide him with
a pension eipial to his salary'. In my o])iniim good Jiulgos, men worthy of the highest and
noblest mission which Almighty God has contided to man, cannot be ovor-ostimated ; but
unle.ss you are jirepiired to subsidize piok-poekots, to reward burglars, and to oti'er i)remiums
to area sneaks, unless you look u])on the system through which alone tho people are led to
expect It just disptwal of their ditVoivneos as a more organisation for tho creation of blood
suckers and tyrants, you, lawgivers and rulers in tho land, you will make, for the benefit
not only of tho present but of future generations you will make an exanijile of Judge Duval
Could I but have hiul the good fortune to profess at the same time two religions like that
late lamented jiiuus prime minister, or to have boon blessed with a due sense of f lie propriety
of going on tlio sjirce with another, and being, like him, drunk, and for whole fortnights untit
for business, or could I even have encouraged instead of repeatedly running great risks to
r
.*..
Huvc lifi-un.l \>ri>l->i)tty amin; il..' .Moi,lrcul vr-.U, or ..ml.l I Inn,. Iml im.-m.-^uI »u utlj'iutiv..
m. lHr.„M.iun.lnii.fMr leim\]«i'0lut)v«',l M.oulddoul.tK'HH hftvo In-oalwHijil.t mi.lw rlir vi..-r.-r.i
v,„i niH Htlmit tlmt W\x\'iry iilwilyh oVouHmiry iloiM jiiMi.c i.» the ntlni-,4 ..ii tl(c giviti
il„.jitr.> .if 111.' wt.ikl, iiM.l wliilo WO. »rt« nwH) o tlijit ii wo«ltl /cw^w.; J<imo,. tl..' SocmiJ Jirtv.^
I.coi, voi'y .lanKi<n.u« t.. huv.- .truwn ii |M«<uro cf ttini iuniinoii- vvirtt:!-. C'l.uf JuHti..- .l.^lV.-ii.-,
wc lit this <lay uiiiii'oi'ialii liitii I'lilly. k
Thou wc now kmw llml, cm ilio Mi.l.li'ii ilcuOi "i' ilml iii.)ii>Ut I'liliK"^". '-""'*' !'^'«'li|ip:
|iivi,,/iBn, ucciwtomoil i« miniKtoi- to the iilniHirron <>!' Miv.Miliim, Imiilcl tlw tiTUililini,'
Clmi.liiw tVom iiii'lor luT I'cl Id umki' him iiii Kinportir, ami wc mm Kpi'iik of tlu< liui
vvithont any iipiiivhcu'.i.ni. But Ihal linporiiil lady would have Rtowl no. lion«uiiM>, ati.l in
lior .liiv ii would havi' li.'.n .M.iai.iindi'dly dttngvfons to lUlvoH to ihwvn circiiiiiHtancw*, as
ilaii' crotif an it .vonid now ho In di'.scriho the iiaUM\s (iir which and llio modes hy which tln>
l.u.'i.'-tl cni-H in our I'onuuunily nniy ho, ami iiiih'i'd HiMU'timrs aplicar t.) U\ Hclcclod lor
■ ■int'fri'nu'it'- -^'''d "I' .vol' !""• •'■iWillwion. i.'<,tri-ily will h],v.:\U a^ you may .Uvorvc.
.' 'l-hcro niav he anions y.ju ''U<\ who. wiiil.'hunliiiK in ln« native w.ioiIm. haslound it nocc: -
■ ifiVv '.' .iinfiMitrtiif ^onii' rclVaiioi-v i.>id-, th:\i oxtonding hoyond tho liniit.i of Iho cauip lire,
miu-l'.l lia\i' .au-.d a u i'l< -fi'-ad .■onlla«.'rMlioh. To cfl'ect hit. jtUi'llO'O he may havo Holectoil
■ u- a litlio!.;- inslruninil. -"luv hramh wliiidi, when it had M'fVcd hi" turn lie lliii'W inio tin'
tire to I V 1 luijiunie I. The liilc <if die hramh has heon mini' and my serviees have entailed
nii.ii. lue iihlivioii and want. That L- an iHe.Hii|(llsiii<d lint heyon.l your veueh, hut ycMi ean
■ intei'|.i>e t.' [iiniril iiie Ironi o|>iiii':--i"n and ruin. Vou ran )iuiii~h one, who while the fart.-
■ anil the law have heon liivnrahlelo me, ha.-< invariahly nd>ystenialiially deeide.la,«,iiiiisl iiie.
(!i nlleiniMi. (lie nniKer veslH Avil!, you. and you ean eoiintenanee alid inrrca.~e or
iiuiii>h and diniini^-li polilieal and moral wroni;- al \ oiir iili-a-uir. I rlaini no favoi', Iml I
doinand iu-ili.r: and if my wi.inir.^ ^lloulll inlrnde uiinii the attention of any jjooil and hrave
man lei hini relleel le^<N upun me than Upon ihelo.s.snn inenleatod hy my narralive.
V.iu will he adjureil to remomher the saneily of the jiidieial eliarailei. and to vole lari;e
pernniary comiwnwtion. lint the ditrerenoo between aL;ood ju.lye and a had Judue is as ihal
which exists hetween a nnin in liwillh and one Htrickcn with the pla^'tie, helweon a (Jod-
leariinr man and a »kunk in a si il. .il h\di<i]iliobi i It \ou .lo not ili^i i rmrnate mmi
encourage the hail. .Miillililde-, im In Im^ vidows inloi|liiii- iinill. Iinnipliin . i ushc I
hy similar wrongs* as mine, ha\ e pi 1 1..I11. 1 inluli^ ,in I ninfi-a- lals i"u and il \oii an
nierel\ ]iass:vo will 1 ga'.e,
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