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MDCCLVI, ■ \ n- ■.■X 'Qi^- i ; •h;.l \.rl .' '•'4.1 •^■'•i r-> :;/' :.(f > mfiimfwm* ■■ wmmmm A N t ^ J" " ■ t \ 'i I Argumentative Memorial Relative to the Cn.DUCT of tlic J Courts of Vienna and Drefdcn, and their dange-*ous Defigns againft his Majefty the King oi Pruliia, • . WITH . . ^ "' • The Original Papers and Vouchers In Proof of the lame. TH E reafons which have laid the king under the neceflity of taking up arms againft the court of Vienna, and making lure, during this war, of the hereditary dominions of the king of Poland, are grounded on the moft €xa6t rules of equity and juftice. It is not from motives of ambition, nor from views of aggran- difement, 'tis from a feries of projeds, plots, and treacheries, on the part of thefe two courts, that his majefty has been compelled to attend to his own defence and fecurity. The difcovcriea which he has made relative to this important ob- ject, fet this truth in its full light, and prove, to a fort of demonftr^tion, the juftice of his caufe, b and .:^„ and the badnefs of the proceedings oE thofc, who have forced him to thefe fliocking extre-' mities. Although the intimations which his majefty received of the intrigues that were carrying on lecretly to his prejudice, were of a long ftanding, yet he could have wifhed to have it in his power, to fuffer them to remain buried in thofe fcenes of darknefs whence they took their origin ; but being put out of all patience, by the approaching £xecution of the vaft projects of the court of Vienna, and the obftinacy of this court, in re- fufing to hearken to all ways of conciliation, his majefty is obliged with reludance to lay before the public, the proofs which he is in pofleffion of, concerning the ill intentions and dangerous de- figns of the courts of Vienna and Drefden againft him. Thefe proofs will ferve to afcertaia the neceflity and juftice of the meafures which his majefty has taken, and to fhew that there has no- thing been promifed the public, which cannot be verified from authentic papers, which his majefty had long fince notice of, but of which he thought it incumbent on him afterwards to procure liimfelf the originals of, in order thereby todiliible his enemies from denying the exiftence and truth thereof. In order to get at the fource of that moft ex- tenfive plan, which has been the fubje6t of the joint endeavours of the courts of Vienna and Saxony ever fince the peace of Drefden, it will be neceffary to recur back to the war which pre- ceded that peace. The flattering hopes which the two allied courts had conceived from the fuc- cefs of the campaign of 1 744, gave occafion to » treaty of eventual partition, which they con- cluded ijbft-'' [V] eluded May i1, 174^. By virtue of this treaty, the court of Vienna was to have the dutchy of Silefia and the county of Glatz ; and the king of Poland, elcdor o^' Saxony the dutchies of Magd- burgh and CruiTen, the circles of Ziillichaw and of* Swibus, with that Part of Lufatia belonging to PrulTia ; or only a part of thefe provinces, proportionably to the conquelts that fliould be made *. After the peace of Drefden, which was figned December 2^» 1745, and by which the king gave fignal proofs of his love of peace, his dif- intereftednefs, and his moderation, a treaty of fo extraordinary a nature, as that of an eventual partition, ought no longer to take place with regard to a power, with which the tw j contra(^f:- ing parties lived in peace : notwithftanding this, the court of Vienna made no fcruple to propofe to the court of Saxony, perhaps fome days after the figning that treaty of peace, the entering into a new treaty of alliance, in which a renewal like- wife of the partition of the iSth of May 1 745 was to take place, as may be proved from the very proje6f which was then delivered in at Drefden. Ihe court of Saxony, in order to the better con- folidating its fyftem, concluded lirft of all on the advantage of building it on the foundation of an alliance between the courts of Ruffiaand Vienna. Thefe powers adually concluded May 22, 1746, at Peterfburgh, a defenfive alliance, if we may judge of it from the inftrument of the treaty which has been made public ; but it is not a mat- ter of any difficulty to perceive, that the oflenfible body of this treaty, was made up folely with a view to conceal from the public the fix fecrcc * Number I. b 2 articles tf • -[vi] . articles, of which tlic fourth is foiely aimed at Prufiia, agreeable to the exadt copy thereof, which is ro be met with among the original Papers f. - In tiiis article, the emprefs-queeii of liungary and Bolicmia, lets out with proteftations that fhe will pay a religious obftirvance to the treaty ot Drcfden •, bur very foon after flie explains her true fentiments with regard to this affair, where liiethus goes on, " Should the King of Pruflla be the firft to recede ironi this peace, by mak- ing a holtile attack, cither on her majefty the emprefs-queen of Hungary and Bohemia, or her majelly the emprels of RulTia, or the re- public of Poland (in all which cafes, the rights ot her majcily the emprefs-queen on Silefia and the county of Glatz would again take place, and refume their entire full effedl) the contraAing parties will mutually afllft each other with a body each of fixty thoufand men, in order to re-conquer Silefia, &c. Such are the titles on which the court of Vienna propofes to ground her claim to Silefia. Every v/ar which may chance to break out be- tween the king and RufiTia, or between the king and the republic of Poland, mufl be confidered as a breach of the peace of Drefden, and revive the rights of Auftria to Silefia : and this, al- though neither Rufr:a nor the republic of Po- land have been in any ways parties in the peace of Drefden -, and though the latter, with which the king has moreover the fatisfadlion to live in the clofeft friendfhip, be not even an ally of the court of Vienna. If we have recourfe to the prin- ciples of the law of nature allowed among all civilized nations, they will tell us, that in fuch t Number II. '• "' cafes c( C( (C «( (C C( (C 3 " its t^"^ con- and pfick larti-' Ichers the mo- |ce to id in lenna ond -s of v. its [ ix ] Us rcadlncfs to enter into all the offcnfivc con- nexions i)f the treaty ot Pcterfburgh •, that it is this court has fince the peace given occafion to the rrvival ui the partition treaty concluded to the king's prejudice during the laft war -, and that by this condutfl it has warranted the king in turning his rell'ntmcnt oF this treaty againft that court, notwithltanding the amnelly agreed on by the treaty of Drefden. *'l'is true there runs through all this negociati- on an aftci^tation of fuppofing the king would be the aggreflbr againft the court of Vienna ; but what right can refult from that to the king of Poland to make conquefts on the king ? or if his Polilli Majefty as an auxiliary party be willing to becomeaprincipal in the war, ought any body won- der his majefty fliould deal with him as fuch, and regulate his condu6t on that of the court of Saxony ? *Tis a truth acknowledged by the king of Poland's own privy council, when 9alled upon to give its opinion ol the accefTion to the treaty of Petersburgh •, wicnefs the two extradls which are found among the original papers f , where the faid privy council gives his Polifh majefty to un- deftand, That the principle laid down in the fourth llcret arricie of the treaty of Petersburgh exceeded the rules commonly obferved ; and that, fhould his Polifh majefty grant his approbation to it by his acccliion, his Pruflian majefty might confidcr it in the li. The * Vouchers, N^ XXIV. f Ibid. N^ XXV. ..,,..»• il. I num- length e em- zefs to ■fult of Id the gh, it of that lent of 1 pour- ever a ng the [late of t coun- nay it rmincd farther any of ther he of the blution Bruhl, lis own lall be 1755 refledl can be than al mea- Prullia, xprefTes The [ xix ] The refult of the grand council of RufTia has given us much fatisfadion : the private com- munication which the court of Ruflia is pleafed to make thereof will enable all its allies, as like- wife our court, to enter into an explanation re- lative to the mcafures to be taken in confequcnce. But Saxony cannot be blamed lor proceeding, confidering the preponderating power of her neighbour, with the greateft rircumfptdion ; and waiting, previous to every thing, that a provi- fion be made for her fafety by her allies, and to be afTifted with the requifite means to ad. The convention for the neutrality of Germany, figned at London the i6th of January, having overturned the calumnies of count Bruhl, and unhinged his fyftem of iniquity, he applied himfelf with redoubled efforts, in RufTia, to prevent the re-eftablirhment of a good underftanding between the king and the court of Peterfbiirgh. Behold how he explains his fentiments on this head, in his difpatch of 23d June 1756, ' The reconciliation between the courts of Ber- lin and Peterfl:)urgh would be the rnoft critical and dangerous event that could happen. It is to be hoped Ruflia will not give ear to fuch odious pro- portions ; and that the court of Vienna will find a way to defeat fo fatal an union. The court of Vienna having thoroughly fuc- ceeded in this refped ; and fancying, from the new connedions which it had contraded in the courfe of this year, that now was the favourable moment when fhe might, without controul, fet about retaking Silefia j it loft no time in taking its meafures in confequence. All the world knows the great armaments by fea and land which the court of Ruilia made in April, with- out any apparent end ; the court of England, B a whofc [ XX ] whofc name was made free with on this occafiorti having called for no afliftance. Soon after, Bo- hemia and Moravia were feen crowded with troops, camps were afTembled, magazines eredled, and in fhort, every preparation was made for an approaching war. It was not from bare rufpicions, or falfc intelli- * gence, that the king was induced to a(cribe thofe armaments to a fecret combination, againft his territories, and afterwards poftponed, for certain reafons, till next year ; his majefty had fuch no- tices thereof, as approach to a demonftration. Here are fome fkctches. The fieur Prafle, fecretary to the Saxon em- bafTy at Peterfburgh, wrote a letter to count Bruhl, April 12, 1756, conceived in thefc words. « tc cc <( iC •c (( cc (( «( it cc cc cc I Have been direfled to tell your excellency, that it was wilhed you would, in order to favour certain views, pleafe to have conveyed by different channels to Peterfburgh the fol* lowing advice : That the king of Pruflia, on pretence of commerce, was fending officers and engineers in difguife into the Ukrain, in order to reconnoitre the country, and to ftir up the inhabitants to a rebellion : that this in- telligence was not to come from the court of Saxony, nor through the channel of the Envoy de Grofs, but by a third hand, that the con- trivance may not be vifible. The fame commiffion has been given to other minifters, fb as this piece of news may come from more places than one. I was alfo defired to write of it to the baron de Saak in Sweden, which I (hall not fail complying with ; and I was af- ,. fured. ** fared, that the good of our court was alfo con- " cerncd therein : with this addition, That the " king of Pruflia had given Saxony a blow, •* which it would feci for fifty years j but that a '* blow was foon to be given him, which he *♦ fhould not recover from, thefe hundred years." Count Bruhl, always ready to do the king prejudice, and but little nice as to the choice of the means, promifed., in his difpatch of June 2, to difcharge this commiflion * : behold then the pretence for a rupture found out at once. Secretary Prafle writes in another difpatch May 10. BEING to vifit a certain minifter, he told me, he waited with impatience the effedt of the advice that had been fuggefted ; and he gave me to underftand, that a war with the king of Pruflia would not be much longer a fubjedt of helitation, in order to fet bounds to the power of fo troublefome a neighbour. I took the liberty to remonftrate, that I could not fee who the ally was for whofe fake fo powerful a diverfion was to be made, efpecially fince the convention of neutrality that has been figned between the kings of PruflTia and England. Upon which I was anfwered, thefe engagements don't at all concern us, we go on our own way, keeping clofe to the fenfe of the treaty of fubfidy : the emprefs having en- trufted the grand council with the care of exe- cuting this treaty, it was thought fit to take thofe meafures, which were moil confiftent with the glory of the crown, and the fafety of our allies/' B 4 The ' . • Vouchers, N« XXVL D1 w ri I , f IS » , .; The Tame fccrctary writer, June 21. '^ ** ^TrrERF we to judge from the rlycfcnt '* VV pofuion of affairs at the court ol i.uflia, we niiplit coiichicle, that this court approves greatly of the new connexions of the court of Vi- •* enna with France, and that it might eve n extend •* its engagements vvith tlic court of Vienna, lb ♦* as to lijpport it in its entcrprizcs agaiufl: ** Pfudia, as mentioned publicly at Pcterf- ** burgh. That count Efterhafi was very bufy in ** negotiating, but with the greateft fecrecy. •* He adds, his having learned from perfons who ** were well informed, that the order tocounter- ** mand the armaments by fca and land, pro- *' ceeded from the want equally of good ofticersand •* failors for the marine, as well as of magazines •' and forage for the troops in the land fervice." The advices from Vienna chime perfcdly with ' thoftt from Ruffia. Count Flemming, minif- ter from Saxony at Vienna, writes to count , Eruhl, June i2, in thefc. very words. .TL 4> (( HAving condudled the thread of my dif- courfe with count Caunitz infenfibly to the armament of Ruflla, I afked him the rea- fon of it ; and although this minifter did not explain himfelf clearly on that occafion, yet he did not contradid me when I told him, that^ thefe grand preparations feemed rather to be intended aga.inft the king of Pruflia, than to fulfil the engagements with- England. I gave, " on that occafion, to underftand to count Cau- " nitz, that I could not well perceive how Ruf- *^ fia could maintain fuch numerous armies out ■ ■ .r/*-.;'.>>K .!'-iv:^i;v. " of C( i( C( (( (6 P^.: •fc-'ii..,: lefcnt iHia, oves rvi- tcnd I, lb aiiift terf- ify in recy. i who nter- jii [ xxiii ] /^f h '< t ^/.> < In the difpatch of July 14, count Flemming cxprefles himfelf thus. ' .' i •* ^^Ount Kcyferling has received a letter from *' V^ a certain Rulfian minifter, which is (o *' very enigmatical, that it is haid to form a " judgment of the fentiments of his court, and *' the refolution which it will pleafe to take in the *' prefent crifis. The faid letter is dated June 15, " and contains in fubftance, that he would not •* fail to have informed him of the connexion of ** the prefent affairs, had he not been prevented ** from it by the great fecrecy which it was agreed " fhould be obferved, and which prefcribed to f him the ufe of a llyle equally laconic and my(teriou$ ', that he was not furprized he, Keyferlins, fliould behold before his eyes a *' chaos which he could not clear up ; however, that at prefent all he could do, was to refer him to the ipxoverh fapienti fat, in hopes that here- after he, as well as Caunitz, mrght lay afide B 4 " their 4C «t jm mm. [ xxiv ] ** their refervednefs ; that the treaty of England *' with Priiflia had caufed a great alteration in " the affi-irs i and that, as the good correfpond- ** ence between England and Pruflia went on ** its courfe, he mu(V be on his guar<^ with re-f *« fped to Mr. Keith." Count Flemming's difpatches are full of a great nunnber of fuch pafTages. He fays, among other things, that coun»- K-eyferling had received orders to fpare neither pains nor money, to get at an exadt knowlege of the ftate of the revenues of the court of Vienna; and he alTures, that the latter had remitted a million of florins to Peter C- burgh. He himfelf appears very often to be per- fuaded of the fettled combination between the two courts of Vienna and Ruflia; that the lat- ter, in order the better to conceal the true rear ions of its armaments, alledged the fpecious pre- text of being enabled thereby to fulfil the enga've- merts contraded with England; and when all the preparations (hould be completed, to fall fudr denly on the king of Pruflia*. This perfuafion runs through all his diTpacches; and we may ree- fer ourfelves to a minifter fo experienced, fo well informed, and who ha4 it fo much in his pqwer to be fo. '^.A ■■"■'::■ . . -,A .k^ * Upon a combination of all thefe circum(tances ; the treaty of Peterfburgh, which authorifed the court of Vienna to the retaking of Silelia, fo foon as there iliould be a war between Pruflia and KuC- fia; the refoiation folemnly entered on in Ruflia, to take the firft opportunity of falling on the king of Pruflia, whether he was the aggreffbr, pr whether he was attacked; the armaments of the two imperial courts, at a time when neither ^he one or the other had any foe to apprehend, * Vouchers, N*'. XXVII, ' . - '^ ' 7>*HJ 1 < I England tion in iifpond- ent on ith re-f 1 of a among eceived get at ;venues hat the Peterf- be per- :en the the lac- ue rear )iis pre- snga'^e- hen all ■all fudr rfuafion ■nay rci- fo well power lances ; ed the fo foon hd Ruf- Ruffia, on the yrefTor, ents of neither ehend, but [ XXV 1 but when the conjedlure feemed to favour th« views of the court of Vienna on Silefia ; the for- mal confefTion or the Ruffian miniflers, that thefe armaments were defigncd againft the king j the tacit confeflion of count Caunitz ; the eager- nefs of the Ruffian minifters to find a pretence, by accufing the king of having aimed at raifing a rebellion in the Ukrain : I fay on combining all thefe circumflances, there refults a kind of demonflration of a fecret combination entered on, to his prejudice ; and it is fubmitted to the judgment of the impartial public, whether his majefly, who had intimations of a long (landing of all thefe particulars, could refufe all fort of credit to fuch pofitive advices, which came to him from good hands, by a confent of a fimilar nature ; and confequently whether he had not a right to require of the court of Vienna, amicable explanations and affurances concerning the end of its armaments. . • ^ . Inflead of corrcfponding by an equal return,^ with this method of ailing full, equally, of friend- fhip and candor, the emprefs-queen thought pro- per to llrengthen the jufl fufpicions of the king, by an anfwer as tart as it was captious and ob- fcure; in fpeaking thus to the lieu r Klingraaf: * That fhe had taken her meafures for her own fafety, and that of her allies and friends.* What this pretended danger is cannot be com- prehended; the emprefs-queen had nothing to fear for herfelf, efpecially fince her new alliance with one of the mofl refpedable powers of Eu- rope ; and there was none of her allies flood in need of her a(fiflance. But the riddle is explained i upon collating this anfwer with the circumflan- ces already alledged, efpecially the fecret article of the alliance of reterlburgh, by virtue of which the :^ Ill [ XXVI ] the emprcrs-queeri fancies herfelf entitled to lay claim to Silefia, as often as the king fhould be at variance with her allies. In vairi fhe urges, that this alliance was only defenfive. The flep is not very remote from defenfive to ofFenfive, when two allies fiirnifh each other mutually with pre- texts for a war, and when the auxiliary party fancies itfelf entitled to make conquefts on the enemy of that which is at war : and befides, from the pretext which was fearched for, it is plain enough in what manner they were difpofed to interpret the word ofFenfive. ' ^■.\, In (hort, it is eafy to make the public fenfible of the true icope of this anfwer, from the very words of count Caunitz, mentioned in a very interefting difpatch of comt Flemming's, July a8. This difpatch, which is to be found at full length among the vouchers *, fets the fyftem of the court of Vienna in its full light. Count Flem- ming, after reciting in detail the account which count Caunitz gave him of the fieur de Klin- graaf's declaration, proceeds in this manner : This minifter added, that being immediately fet out for Schoenbrunn, he had on the way ru- minated on the anfwer which he fhould advife his fbvereign to return M. de Klingraaf j and it appearing to him that the king of Pruffia had two objeds in viev/, which they wanted equally to avoid here, viz. to bring the affair to parleys and eclairciffments, which might at once occa- fion a fufpenfion of the meafures, the vigorous continuance of which was efteemed neceffary ; «nd in the fecond place, to urge matters farther, land bring other propofitions and more efTential engagements on the carpet, he conceived that the aqfwer ought to be of fuch a nature, as • Vouchers, N^ XXVIH. [ xxvii ] (hould elude entirely the king of Pruffia*s quef- . tion, and while it left no room for any ulterior explanations, be at the fame time both fpi- rited and polite, without being fulceptible of. any interpretation, finifter or favourable ; that, agreeably to this notion, it appeared to him fuf- ficient that the emprefs fhould content herfelf Y^ith this fimple anfwer : That, in the prefent great and general crifis of Europe, it was con- fiftent with her duty, and the dignity of her crown, to take fuch meafures, as were adequate to her own fafety, as well as that of her friends and allies. Hence it is plain, that count Caunitz, when he did:ated this anfwer to his fovereign, propofed to himfelf to cut fhort to all manner of eclair- cifiTments and ways of conciliation ; and in the mean time to profecute the preparations tor the execution of his dangerous defigns, in hopes that, the king, his patience being exhaufted, would take fome flep, of which he might avail himfelf^. to make him be looked upon as the aggreflbr. i His majefty, without fuffering himfelf to be. difcouraged by the bad fuccefs of his firft ftep, and being unwilling to omit any thing that might tend to \he preiervation of peace, caufed his in- flances to be flill twice reiterated at the court of Vienna, defiring to have meerly an aflurance of not being attacked: but, on the fecond propo- fal that was made, the faid court eluded this queftion, and contented itfelf with denying the exiftence of the combination againft his majefty ; which, however, has been juft now proved ; and, on the third requifition, an abfolute refufal was made of any ulterior explanation of any fort. From this conftant refufal, of an aflurance of fo innocent a nature, the reality of the dangerous defigns ilii m 11 [ xxviii ] defigns of the court of Vienna receives its lad degree of evidence ; and it being no longer pof^ fible for his majefty to entertain the Icaft doubt on that head, he faw himfelf obliged to have recourfe to the only party which was remaining, to prevent thofe dangers with which he was threatened, by feeking an irreconcileable enemy that had vowed his deftrudtion. It is fubmitte^ to the decifion of the impartial public, which of the two ought to be efteemed the aggreflbr ; he who prepares all the methods in his power to crufti his neighbour, or he who, feeing the arm already lifted over his head, en- deavours to efcape the fatal blow, by thrufting his fword in the breaft of his enemy. The condud of the king towards the court of Saxony is founded on the fame principle of an indifpenfible neceffny, to provide for his own fafety, againft the mod dangerous defigns. From the beginning of the prefent troubles, count Bruhl has afllimed that part which had long been agreed upon between him and the allies of his court, by borrowing the mafk of neutrality ; but, till he could appear uncovered, he took fpecial care to enter tooth and nail into the laft combination that was formed againft his majefty : a ftronger proof of which cannot be given, than by repeating here the particulars above-mentioned ; that this minifter has not he- fitated to co-operate in fpreading the calumny of a revolt which the king intended to raife in the Ukrain. The following paflage will throw ftill a greater* light on the fyftem which count Bruhl propofed to himfelf the profecution of, during the preff nt war. Count Flemixiing having in one •jD patches W ■< I ■ [ xxix ] patches entered Into a difcuflion of this queftion,' which was more agreeable of .the two to the in- tereft of Saxony ; that Silefia fhould remain in the hands of the king, or return to the court of Vienna ? Count Bruhl made him this anfwer the 26th July 1756. I have but one obfervation to make, relative to the doubt you feem to be in concerning this queftion, which redounds more to our advan- tage, that the king of Pruflia fhould remain in the quiet poffeflion of Silefia ; or that it (hould return to the houfe of Auftria, and we have no (hare in the acquifition ? I agree, in the firft place, that the fucceffes which the court of Vi- enna may have, will not contribute to the making it more flexible towards us •, but, how- ever, we run not the fame rifks with that court that we, by fad experience, have been taught to ap- prehend from Pruflia, and its great power ; not only with refpeft to Poland, but Saxony like- wife : nor do I, for my part, defpair of our reap- ing fome advantages from the favourable occur- rences which fliall perhaps offer themfelves here- after ; and againft which we don't omit to make fure, above all, of the friendfhip of Ruffia. Count Bruhl lofl no time in arranging his fyftem of neutrality, in confequence of fuch prin- ciples. This prime minifter wrote to count Flemming^ :ift July, of courfe two months before the king's army began its march. That he was to propofe to the court of Vi- enna the taking meafures aoainft the paffage of a PrufTian army through Saxony, by affembling an army in the circles of Bohemia, that border upon that decorate j and to give orders to * marfhal I XXX ] rnardial Browne to keep up a fecret underftand* ing with marfhal count Rutowfki *. To this count Flemniing made anfwer, July 7, That count Caunitz had aflured him the generals who were to command fhould be im- mediately nominated, after whicli one of them would be appointed to concert meafures with count JRutowfki : that the fame minifler had added, the court of Saxony was not to give any indication of perplexity or uneafinefs, but, on the contrary, fhew a refolute countenance ; and at the fame time to prepare againji all events, as he had the fatisfa£lion to hear the king of Poland had already done, by giving orders in confequence to the af ore/aid count Rutowski. A judgment may be formed of this concert- ing of meafures, from the advice which count Fkmming gives to count Bruhl in his difpatch, July 14. To grant the pafTage to the Prufllan troops, and afterwards take fuch meafures as would be found mod fui table. From a difpatch of count Flemming, Auguft 18, it appears, that the emprefs-queen had opened herfelf to this minifter in the following words: •-■■ :■' • •'' '■ •■ ' - ^>i ^3f)*/.^;^ v That fhe defired nothing of the king of Po- land at this time, as fhe conceived extremely well the intricacy of his fituation ; that fhe hoped however he would in the interim put himfelf in a good pofture, in order to be prepared againft all events ; and that her majefiy, in procefs of time, in cafe matters between her and the king of Pruflia did come to any eclat, fhould not be wanting, in cafe of need, in her concurrence . with • Vouchers, N'^. XXIX. rftand* , July n the be im- F them s with er had ive any )iit, on ; ; and ents, as and had •e to the :oncert- 1 count ifpatch, troops, ould be Auguft en had ollowing rof Po- lely well ; hoped mfelf in againft )rocers of the king not be currence with [ xxxi ] with the meafures neccflary for their mutual fafety. From a fhort review of all the fadls which have been juft expofed, there will refult a faithful reprefentation of the condud of the court of Saxony towards the king ; and a judgment may be formed of thejuftice of that which his majefty now obferves with refpedt to that court. The court of Drefden had a Hiare in all the dangerous fchemes that had been laid againft the king ; its minifters have been the authors and chief promoters thereof; and if that court has not acceded formerly to the treaty of Petersburgh, there was an agreement between it and its allies, by which it poftponed its effedlual concurrence, only till fuch time as the king's forces might be fo weakened and divided, that pulling off the mafk fhould be attended with no danger. His Polifh majefty had adopted as a principle, that every war between the king and one of his allies entitled him to make conquefts on his ma- jefty : the confequence was, that he fancied he might divide, in a time of full peace, the domi- nions of his neighbour. The Saxon minifters have rung the alarm- bell againft the king all over Europe, and they have not been fparing either in calumnies, in lyes, or in finifter infxnuations, in order to increafe the number of his enemies. Count Bruhl has entered with cagernefs into the laft plot of Vienna, by the injurious report which he undertook to fpread ; and it has been (hewn, that there exifted already a fecret combi- nation between the courts of Vienna and Saxony, agreeable to which the latter was willing to let the king's army go through, and then to adt fuitably to the events ; either by uniting with hia ^ enemies. ' [ xxxii ] enemies, of by m^aking a diverfion in tfie tef-' ritories that were unfurniflied with foidiers. Such was the king's fituation with refpe^ to- the court of Saxony, when he propofcd to march into Bohemia, in order to prevent the danger which wns prepared for him : his majefty could not therefore leave himfelf to the mercy of a court, of whofe ill intentions he was apprized : but he faw himfelf forced to take fuch meafures as prudence and the fafety of his dominions re^ quired, and in which he was authorized by the conduct of the court of Saxony, with regard to hinafclfl' ' Bnd of the Memoriai, 'J. * \¥i .- f.-, - — vf :- 1 the ter- foldiers. •efpe^ to- to march e danger !fty could ircy of a [pprized : meafures inions re* :d by the egard to [' ] -';,-(•■•■ H » ■/:-^». Original Papers, &c. NUMBER I. ■,':' A Treaty of Eventual Partition, of the 1 8th of May 1745. IT having been but too welt made known by experience to what lengths the King of Pruflia carries his ill in- tentions, in order to difturb the repofe of his neighbours ; and this prince having on the one hand repeatedly invaded, and laid wafte the territories of her majefty the queen of Hungary and Bohemia -, and on the other, given uneafinefs to his majefty the king of Poland, eledlor of Saxony, by feveral menaces, warlike preparations, and forced paffages, without its having been pof- fible to obtain 'from him, either the fatif- fadlion due for the paft, or a fufficient fe- curity for the future ; it has been confider- cd, that this twofold end could not be C '-pro- ^WF [2] procured fo long as the faid formidable neighbour was not confined within narrow bounds ; it is for this reafon, that his ma- jcfty the king of Polan ', eledorof Saxony, as auxiliary ally ; and her majefty the queen of Hungary and Bohemia, as party attacked, and actually at war, are agreed, by the prefent feparate and fecret ad, not only to employ their joint efforts, to the intire execu- tion of the adt pafTcd between their majef- ties the 6-17 May 1744, and the meafures concerted in confequence of the engagements contraftcd by their treaty of alliance con- cluded the 8th of January 1745, with the maritime powers ; but alfo, that they do not, either the one or the other, lay down their arms till, befides the conqueft of all Silefia and the county of Glatz, the king of Pruflla has been fqueezed into . ftill a narrower compafs. < And, in order to prevent miftakes early, relative to the future conquefts, in as much as by the eighth article of the faid treaty of Warfaw, it is ftipulated in general terms only, that his majefty the king of Poland, eledror of Saxony, is to fhare in the advan- tages, by being put in pofj'ejjion of certain dijiriBs which Jiand convenient for him ; it has been judged necelTary to point out the 4:afes which might hereafter happen, and to be agreed in refpedt to each one of the fame. Sup- , idable arrow ; ma- ixony, queen acked, 3y the )nly to execu- majef- cafures ements e con- th the ley do ' down left of J, the i into > early, much eaty of terms Poland, advan- certain lim ; it out the and to e fame. Sup- r 3i Suppofing therefore that, bcfidcs the re- acquifition of all Silefia, and the county of Glatz, the conqucft might be compafled on the laid king of the dutchy of Magcdeburgh, the circle of Saal included, the principality of Croflcn, together with the circle of Zi.illi- chau, namelv, Cotbus, Peitz, Storkau, Bcef- kau, Somcrheld, and other places, and dif- tridls which belong thereto ; in this cafe all Silefia and the county of Glatz, Swibus on- ly excepted, are to return to her majefty the queen of Hungary and Bohemia, who yields in exchange all the remaining part, juft recited, with the difti';lt of Swibus, otherwifc belonging to Silefia, to his majefty the king of Poland, eledor of Saxony. Suppofing on the contrary, that befides the re-acquifition of all Silefia, and the county of Glatz, the conquefts on the ag- grefibr ftiould be reduced only to the circlq of Saal, the principality of Crofi!en, with the circle of Ziillichau, and the abovemen- tioned fiefs of Bohemia, thereunto belong- ing, in Lufatia ; then and in that cafe, his Polifti majefty, elecStor of Saxony, will con- tent himfelf with this laft Oiarc, and tlie diftridt of Swibus, giving up in like man- ner unto her majefty the queen of Hungary and Bohemia, all Silefia, and the county of Glatz, Swibus only excepted : but fuppo- fing, laftof.all^ that, contrary to all expec- C 2 * ■• ' tation. .14 1 tation, and notwithftandinc the joint endea- vours above-mentioned, it mould not be pof- fible to conquer, befides the county of Glatz, all Sileiia, as likcwife the principality of Croflcn, with the circle of Ziillicnau, and the above faid fiefs of Bohemia, pofTeffed by the faid king in Lufatia ; in that cafe his Polifli majefly fliall have, befides the prin- cipality, the circle, and the fiefs which have beenjuft mentioned, thediftridt of Swibus, otherwife belonging to Silefia. And, in order that his majefly the king of Poland, eledor of Saxony, may be the more certain at lead:, and at the worft of thcfe lad acquifitions, her majefty the queen of Hungary and Bohemia promifes, in the- flrongeft and moft folemn manner, that his majefty the king of Poland, ele(5lor of Saxony, fhall have precifely the fame fecu- rities for thefe new acquifitions, that (he fhall or will be able to procure for the re- acquifitions of her antient patrimonial ter- ritories ; that is to fay, Silefia and the county of Glatz; fo that every thing here fhall keep on equal pace, and that Ihe will not have it in her power to avail herfelf of the pofTef- fion of all Silefia, before his majefly the king of Poland fhall be in like manner, in poflefiion of his quota of the conquefls. To this end fhall the Saxon troops of his Polifh majefly remain in Silefia, when re- ' " con- •I . I 'Iv» ? ... :■' it;" ■".' , ; ^- C3 Tran- il f?;/h r- ' r:>\yerful afliftance to her ma- jefty the emprefs queen of Hungary and ' -i --f . Bohemia, il [9] Bohemia, has no defign of making conquefls on this occalion ; but as fhe is pleafed to make her body of 60,900 men a(fl as well by land as fea, and that the equipping a fleet will be attended with confiderable ex- pences ; fo that, in thus dividing the force of the enemy, the Ruffian body may be juftly conlidered as exceeding greatly the number of 60,000 men, her majefty the emprcfs queen of Hungary and Bohemia, engages herfelf, and prQmiles,That in order the more effed:ually to teftify her acknowledgments, fhe will pay unto her majefty the emprefs of Ruflia, the fum of two millions of florins of the Rhine, in a year, reckoning from the day of her having Silefia in her power, with- out curtailing any part thereof, by virtue of what might have been drawn out of the enemy's country. This fourth feparate and fecret article will have the fame force as if inferted word for word in the body of the defenfive treaty, and is to be ratified at the fame time. In witnefs whereof the above-mentioned minifters have fef tlM^ir hands and feals thereto. >. ,- > h- ^ L\%K;atSt. Peterfburgh, May 22, 1746; Aiexis Count Beftuchef Rumin, /■;»flTv*f (L. S.) ^i^-':-' U'^ : .,'• _,■ , John Francis deBretlack. H'"^- • ' - = Nicholas Sebaftian Noble de Hohenholtz. Refo- t « I ■' - -.1.-' < - [ 10] ■■•:';£'■ ■, NO III. ';> Refolutions and inftrudions for the count de Vitzdom, and the fieur' . de Pezold, at St. Peterjfburgh. si ACircumftantial report being duly made to the king, of the contents of the laft difpatches of the iSth, 19th, and 23d of April, of his privy counfellor and minifter plenipot '.r'arv at the imperial court of Ruflia, tn intof Vitzdom, and his re(i- dent at the Itime court, the privy counfellor of embafly the fieur de Pezold, brought here from Peterlburgh by the courier Confoli, the 6th of December 5 and having taken into his fpecial conlideration the affair of ac- cefHon, which the two imperial courts earneftly demand of him, to their new treaty of defenfive alliance and its feparate and fecret articles, ligned at Peterfburgh, the 2 2d of May, 1746. and afterwards ra- tified on both fides j his majefly has thought fit to caufe his abovefaid two miniflers to be provided on this head with the following heads of refolution and inflrucftion, which are to ferve them as a rule whereby they are to diredt their negociation and condu(5t in this affair, which is as nice as it is im- portant. . In • [II ] In as much as the high chancellor of Ruflia, has given them to underftand, and likcwife has caufe it to be notified here by his brother the grand Marfhal, that the two Imperial courts would be glad if the affair of the king's acceflion were treated and concluded preferably at Peterlburgh j as being the place whereat the defenfive trea- ty of alliance in queftion, renewed between them, has been negociated, concluded and figned ; his majefly does, in compliance, caufe the count de Vitzdom, and the iieur de Pezold, to be provided to this pai-pofe, with the power hereunto annexed, with the claufe q1 faint iind finders, in order that, in cafe of abfehce, indifpolitioh, br other hindrance of the one, the other may con- tinue the negociatiori, commuilicating, how- ever, with each other, and acting vvith a perfedt concert, , ■• , * ■ ^- ■ r ' ' ■ ( ; ■. * . -:!• . •» r r ■> ' J : « • • . , II. They are to enhance this readiriefs of iht king's, with the high chancellor, and the ambalTadorPretlack; as being a certain proof of the prevalence of his majefly's lincere attachment to the two emprefles, preferably to all other confiderations, which might in- duce him to proceed more deliberately in an affair of this extent and I ^ » ' A. « ■• uence. .':.;■ V . ■ '^h'M; III. The li [ 12 1 III. The relident Pezold, being the better acquainted with what pafled, almofl two years ago, between the two courts, when the king found hinifelf in the cafe, and under the neceflity of demanding the affiftance of Ruffia, by virtue of their treaty of defenfive alliance renewed againft the king of Pruflia ; and the faid relident having been eye-witnefs of the indifference, flownefs and infi^fficiency, with which an anf^ye^ was made at the court of Peterf- burgh, to the repeated requiiitions of his majefty ; a procedure to which Saxony ought chiefly to impute her extreme mif- fortunes ; he will do well to recall it to the memory of the high chancel- lor count Beftuchef in particular, not fo much by way of making him any reproaches thereupon, but rather on the foot of reflec- tions urged in confidence, and to make him agree to the generofity of the king's refoJu- tion, to yield fo quickly to the defires of the two Imperial courts; and that, after what has happened lately between him and the Ruffian court, nothing could have deter- mined him fo foon to this acceffion, but the great confidence which his majefty repofes in him the high chancellor, and his prefent credit and powers ; in hopes that this prime minifter ^i Lk I [ '3 ] minifter will think of making amends for the paftj by taking his meafures fo well be- fore hand, as the king may hereafter, in cafe of need, have not only a timely and a fufficient afliftance, but alfo that his majefty may, in cafes of a reciprocal afliftance, find his account, an indemnification, and a real advantage. - , As tc what relates to the principal treaty of the two Imperial courts, the king is tho- roughly difpofed to accede thereto, without any other reftri<5tion than that of the num- ber of troops which they therein ftipulate for themfelves reciprocally, in the ordinary cafes of lending afliftance to each other; and it is neceflfary that his majefty's plenipo- tentiaries do propofe and infift, to the end that his afliftance be regulated in the ad: of acceflion on the footing of double the fuccour promifed on the part of the cle(flo- rate of Saxony j and the more h^ as the court of Vienna fends to the king, and maintains at its own expence, in all cales, the reciprocal fuccours of 6 and 1 2000 men. V. When the count de Vitzdom and the (leur de Pezold, fliall have joined ifllie with the minifters of the two contrading courts, they will likewife proceed to the king's ac- r. - - M.K - ■ cefllon I, i I i [ H 3 ceflion to the fix feparate articles, of which five are fecret, and require mucli more re- flection and IcttlingjWith regard to the king's convcniencies. ,• . VI. However, as his majefty, through inclina- tion and zeal for the common intcrell and the public good, is not averfe from uniting him- I'elf thc.eto, to the utmoft, and in proportion to his ibcngth j his plenipotentiaries will take particular care to be more explicit on that head, with thofe of the two Imperial courts ; to the end that their demands, and the king's condefceniion to each article, be com- bined to the interefl of his majefly. . ' - •■• VII. There being among the articles, fomc engagements which properly relate only to the two Imperial courts principally con- tracting, they are to endeavour to obtain, that the king be difpenfed with them, or that they may be temper'd in favour of hisma- jelty ; as likewife that all future war in Italy « be excepted, as it is already the cafe in the treaty with the court of Vienna. VIII. The firft and fourth of the fecret articles, being the moft arduous and burthenfome, if the king accedes to them in their full fenfe and extent, the two Imperial courts can have no objection to his majefty's demanding, that be- 1 t 15} befides a jufter proportion in the engage- ments, they may be made to contain reci-. procal conditions and advantages. IX. As to the firfl: fecret article, which relates to the guaranty of the grand duke of RufTia, his pofleflions as duke of Holilcin-SIcf- wick, and his ducal houfe, the emprefs of Ruflia will be pleafed to confider the great regard, which he mufl: (licw the court of Denmark, on account of his parentage and. right of eventual fucceflion ; and therefore the faid fovereign, as likcwife the emprefs queen, and even the emperor her huf- band, will not refufe the king and his pof- terity, in exchange, the guaranty of the fuc- ceflion to the throne of Denmark j which in time ought to fall to a prince of the houfe of Saxony. ., ...^ X., . Laftly, as to the fourth fecret article, which relates to the eventual and flronger meafures, againfl a new, fudden and unex- pected attack from the king of Pruflia, the king here acknowledges the wife forecafl of the two empreffes, in taking, at this diftance of time, the proper meafures, fo as not to be at a lofs to lend each other mutually, a pow- erful afliftance, in cafe that, contrary to bet- ter hopes, and notwithftanding the moft fcrupulQu§ attention on thcu parts to oblerve their , [ "6 ] . their treaties with the faid princes, the latter undertook to invade the territories of either ; and the king is fufficiently inclined, in that cafe, to purfue the fame meafures -, but as he is inoft expofed to the rcfenttnent of fo formidable and troubleforrte a neighbour, witnefs the fad experience which his ma- jefty has had of it latterly, their Imperial majefties will not be furprifed that the king, previous to entering into a new fimilar, eventual, and extenfive engagement, fhould take his precautions better, as well for his fecurity and mutual defence, as to be in- demnified and recompenced on that ac- count, proportionably to his efforts, and the progrefs which fhall be made againfl fuch aggreflbr. ' '' ■ -^ ' XI. To this end the Count de Vitzdom, and the fieur de Pezold, are to defire to know from the Imperial plenipotentiaries, (i) What number of troops their fovereigns re- quire on fuch an occafion from the kingj and propofe on each fide to give him, by way of afUflance, in exchange? And {n) They are to take care, that this fuccour required of the king, be not difproportioned to the flrength of his army ; (3) That the two Imperial courts do promife the king double. (4) That the. two EmprefTes do engage to hold, each at leaflj fuch a body of troops in readinefs to march t 17 ] rtiarch to the afllflancc of his majcfty, on the one lidc towards the frontiers of Bohe- mia, and on the other, in Bohemia ; (5) That they oblige themfclves to give the king a (hare in the prifoncrs, fpoils, and con" quells, which they (hall make together, or fcparately, on the aggreflbr, and by that means, common enemy. ... ; (■,.. , . I'i'xh '^rlt U^ffrtiM XII. '\ ..I '. • i...r ' •• In regard to this laft article, and partition of the future conquefts, the king's minifters plenipbtentiary, are to defire to know from the minifter of P.jifia, what are the offers of his fcvereign, and to declare relatively to thi emprefs queen of Hungary and Bo- hemia, that at all events, and in cafe this princcfs, being a fecond time attacked by the king of Pruffia, fhould fucceed not only in reconquering Silefia, and the county of Glatz , but likewife in reducing this ag- gredbr into narrower limits, the king of Poland, as clee year; except the third de- gree of partition -therein denned, with which his majefty cannot poflibly be (atisfied ; D becaufe. t »8 ] bccaufc, in cafe the cmprcfs- queen fhoufd fuccccd only in the conqueft, bclidcs the county of Glatz, of all Silcfia, as Kkcwifcthc principality of Croflfen, with the circle of Ziillichau, and the fiefs of Bohemia, pof- leflcd by the king of Prulfia in Lufatia, a more confiderable fhare in thefe conqucfts muft be granted to the king cledtor of Saxony, than the. faid principality, the circle, and the fiels ; relative to which, his majclly will wait the offers of the court of Vienna, Vvhere he will have it negociated by the count dc Lofs ; being defirous only that that of Ruflla would employ itfelf to obtain to this purpofe from the emprcfs-queen a belter fhare for the king, and fcxure and guaranty afterwards the acquifition to the latter. > { ' For the above reafons the count de Vitz- dom and the fieur de Pezold will receive every thing ad referendum^ and will conclude nothing till authorized thereto by the king's orders, and final refolutions. mt^-yxi 2iyi i-(/fifiyVtTvi;^ XIV. > .V^'[ \Ul^ ' The reft is left to their prudence, theif dexterity and zea! for the fer^ic«, the interefis, and the glpry <)f his majefty, who aflfures them of bis protcdion and favour,* in applying themfelyes to execute wUh ail the [ 19 ] cxailncfs they arc capable of, the articles of this inAru^tlon. '!.> i .j,.J Written at Drcfden, May 23, 1747. . y (L. S.) ,,^ . Augustus, King. ;'..,, C. de Br. dc Walthcf. ., : ,-'^ ' and her majefiy the emprcfs-queen of Hungary and Bohemia. As to what relates to the number of auxiliary troops to be furniflied by our court, we are dirccStcd to wait the firft overtures of the two principal contrading parties on that head. We are, however, of opinion from the fuc- cours which appear neceffary to be furniflied in the ordinary cafes, upon which the body of the treaty turns, being already determined by the treaties which his majefty has adually w ith the two courts, the fame might be ad- hered to in the prefent acceflion ; and it may be fufficient to make this here one ferve as a confirmation of the foregoing engage- ments. 3. The circumftances being very diffe- rent with regard to the feparate and fecret articles, the firil and fourth of which efpe- cially, dcferve by much a more ferious at- tention ; we have received inflrudions re- lative to the firft article, which relate to the guaranty of the prefent pofleflions of his imperial i^ighnefs the grand duke of Ruffia, as duke of Holftein-Slefwick in Germany, to reprefent the great regard which his majefty is obliged to (hew to the rrourt of Denmark, ^ 3 in ii ( \ . ■M i Hi ii^ in confideration of the ties of blood, and the eventUril fucccflion which belongs to him, and to propofe for this reafon, that in return for the faid guaranty which his majcfty is to charge himfelf with, the guaranty of the two principal contrading powers, as well as the emperor's, be granteJ to him, with re- gard to the above-mentioned right of eventual liicccflion to the throne of Denmark j and that in the interim, this right may be ac- knowledged. 4. As to the fourth article his majefly approves of the wife and effedual mealures ■which the imperial courts have entered on eventually, in cafe that his majefly the king of Pruflia, notwithftanding the exadt ob- fervation of the peace concluded with that prince, (hould attack a fecond time in an hoftile manner the territories of either of the parties, and he is ready to concur therein. But as his majefty has^ ftill greater reafons than the two imperial courts to refledt ma- turely thereon 5 and that he muft above all confider, that, agreeable to the fad experience which he has had lately, the king of Pruflia has taken a pretence from the fuccour which he was obliged to furnifh her majefty the emprefs-queen of Hungary and Bohemia, for declaring hirrj war ; that moreover the eledlo- rate of Saxony by its (ituation, is fo much cxpofed to his refentmcnt, that if it was not ' , affifted f 2,3 ] aflifted Immediately, it were not po/Tible for it to guard itfeli by its own forces agamft the iudden attacks which we hive feen the king of PrufHa put in e^^ecution, and in (hort, if previeus to every thing elle, a pro- vifion be not made for the fecurity and prcr feryation of the faid electorate, an infinite prejudice would refult to the two principal contracting parties themfclves, from the ruin of this ftaie : in confequcnce of thefe con- (iderations, his majelly flatters himfelf that the two principal contra6ling parties will themfelves acknowledge the neceflity and juftice of the conditions and modifications which we are direiSled to propofe, viz. i; That the number of troops which fhall be required from his majefty be not difpro- portioned to the ftrength of his army. ^, That each of the two imperial courts do promife the double to his majeft^' ; and if that Piould not be fufficient, aii ifTiftance ftill greater. 3. That the t\yo emprelTes do engage to hold e;gich at leaft fuch a body of their troops alert, and in readinefs to march to the afliftance o{ his majefty on one fide towards the frontiers of Pruflia, gnd on the pther in Bohemia, 4. That thefe bodies of troops do make a diverfion in the countries that are moft cpntiguous tp them, from the very inflant that the Rates of Saxony fhall be attacked^ and that without its being ne- D 4 cefliry [ *+ 1 ccffary to require a previous concert, not- withftanding what is llipulated to this pur- pofe in the body of the treaty, as well as in the fecret article. 5. That in caie one of the two in^perial courts be attacked, his majefty be not obliged to begin the operations, before the other imperial court has begun to ad effectually, in order to avert the effedt of the preponderating power of the enemy, or till at Icafl: the evident danger of being crufhcd all at once has vanifhed. 6. That his majefty be made to (hare, in confequencc of article ten of the treaty, not only in the plunder, and the prifoners, but alfo the conquefts which maybe made on the enemy ; and laftly, 7, That as her ma- jefty the emprefs of Ruflia has declared in the fourth fecret articl:, that in cafe of a fuccour to be lent, or a di^erfion to be made, {he had no view of making conquefts, and that confcquently it will be indifferent to her in what manner his majefty (hall fettle mat- ters with the court of Vienna, in regard to the eventual partition, and a proper indem- nification, her imperial maji ^y of Ruflia be pleafed to approve prcvioufty of this con- vention, and to take upon herfelf the gua- ranty thereof ' >4 ,:' In regard, ^, to the fecond feparate arti- cle, the third and fifth fecret article, the ac- ccffion of his majefty to thefe articles ought to ' ' ceafc [ H 1 ccafe of itfelf ; becaufe on the ^ne hand the faid articles relate to engagements, in which the two imperial courts only are concerned; and that on tlie other, by the non-commu- nication to his majelly of the fecret article of all, mentioned in the third fecret article, they have themfelves given to underftand, that the king's concurrence to thefe engagements is not defired ; and that for the reft, they arc willing to adhere to the ftipulations made an- teriourly in the treaties fubfifting between his majefty and each of the two imperial couri;>. But in as much as in the third and fifth fecret article the exceptioaof the cajus fcederh^ already fettled in the treaty itfelf], with regard to the future wars of Italy, has been ftill repeated, with this addition, viz. That on the part of the emprefs-queen, the prefent war with the houfe of Bourbon, and on the part of her majefty the emprefs of Ruflia, a hoftile aggreflion on her empire to- wards the ixorth are not to be deemed cafes of fuch a nature as may hinder what has been ftipulated in the fourth fecret article, relative to a rupture on the part of Pruffia ; fo that the two high contradling parties will not refufe to comprehend Ukewife his ma- jefty in this ftipulation. ■ As for the reft, the king makes no doubt but the two imperial courts will find in this v^hole propoiitiony ib many proofs of his cqjuity. 81! ! ri .* * % •^ssx / [ 26 ] . equity, his confidence, and his finccre friend" fhip ; and he flatters himfelf the more to re- ceive a favourable anfwer, as the misfortunes which he has incurred for the common caufe, have entitled him to a greater provifion being hereafter made, both for his fecvirity, ^nd ^p make him amends. - >. . * : We the underfigned, expedl the faid de- claration and anfwer, in order to be enabled to proceed farther in the affair of the accef- fion. St. Feter(burgh, 14-28 Sept. 1747, Lewis Sigefroi Count Vitzthum d'Eckftadt; John Sigifmond de Pezold. ' -. ■ »# ?>»*"■ f ' NO V. '\t A difpatch of the king of Poland's to count de Lofs, at Vienna, Dec. II, 1747. r . , :. Monfieur count Loft, v ;= - YOU will undoubtedly remember, tha|: the two imperial courts of Vienna and Petcrfburgh had no fooner invited me, hy the counts Efterhafy and Beftuchef, to accede to the treaty of (^efenfive alliance renewed between the twq empreffes the %%^ . . pf of May, 1746, than I ordered that you might t>c fully informed of the in(hu(5lion which was fent to this purpofe to my plenipo- tentiary minifters at the court of RufTia, where it was agreed, that the affair of my acceliion (hould be negotiated. You had notice of it by my direftions the Zjd of laft May; and feeing that the court where you refide, de- layed communipatipg to you the treaty in queiHon, I gave orders that a copy thereof fhould be forwarded to you the month of July following -, as alfo a copy of the fecret and feparate articles which had been com- municated to me by the imperial minifters here, on the occafion of their common invi- tation. Mine at Petersburg having declared in general my favourable difpofitions towards the acceflion, and produced their full power, have held themfelves always in rcadinefs to enter upon bufinefs with the minifters autho- rized for that purpofe by the two emprefTes, without being able to attain their ends fooner than the S-i9tJi of September laft, in a con- ference ; and it having been required of them to deliver their overtures in writing, they have confcnted likewife to that in a pro-me- moria, figned the 14-1 5th of September, of be hereto f t^exed, under B. copy aa- Asi, . [ i8 ] As, till fuch time as the two imperial courts return their anfwer thereto, by their miniftcrs at Pctcrsburgh, and before I take any final rcfolution on that head, relative to my a<5t of acccfTion ; it is a matter of im- port to me, to be agreed with the emprefs cjuecii, concerning the eventual partition which I am to have for my portion, in cafe that princefs attacked a fecond time, though we hope for the better, by the king of Pruf- fia, do fucceed with the concurrence of my afliflance, in making fpoils and conqucfls over him, in the fame manner as that is explained in a greater detail in the 12th article of the above mentioned inftruction, with which my miniifers at Petersburgh were provided the 23d of May, &c. " | charge you with this negotiation, and authorife you by the prefent order ; and my intention is, that as my convention, (igned heretofore at Lcipfick the i8th of May 1745, with the cuccn of Hungary, of which you will nnd a copy hereto annexed, under B. * may ferve for an eventual partition here- '■ after, the third degree excepted, where * in cafe the court of Vienna fhould not fuc- ' ceed in re-conquering, befides the county * of Glatz, only all Silefia with the princi- * pality of CrolTen, the circle of Ziillichau, * and the fiefs of Bohemia poUefled by the . • " king <(| ■s ' [ 29 ] *• king of PrufTia in Lufatia." I fay my in- tention is, that you demand of the cmprefs queen, a more coniidcrable proportion for me in thefe conquefts, than the principali- ty, the circle, and the fiefs, and that you infift upon this princefs's making me an of- fer thereof, in order that I may afterwards be a judge, whether the acquiefcing there- in would fuit my convenience. In making the overture of my demand, with refpeot to this affair, to the emprefs queen, and the minifter, who has her confidence, you are to expofe to them the juftice and equity of granting me a portion, fomewhat more ad- vantageous, in order to indemnify and con- fole me for my unfortunate lot, and the lof- fes which have refulted to me, from having heretofore aiFifted her Imperial majefty with all my forces. My ulterior orders, which you (hall receive, will be fuited to the reports which you will make me fuceeflively, of the progrefs of your negociation* In the. mean . time, I pray God that he, &c. . iO :,,:j ; it M -n Written at Drcfden, Dec. 21,1747, 31:; ri< Tq iijg minifler of conference and of .'.•f . ftaje^ Count Lofs. C. de Bruhl. Augustus, King. No. VI. ( 30 J <» .. , No. VI. ' . 3. ' •,);»; J I Extraft of the advice of the privy .• council of his Polifli majefly, on the fubjecS of the acceffion Co the treaty of Petersburgh. Given i j Aug. 1747, • Kt'i vm h'j WE are alfo of opinion, that the fourth fecret article extends beyond the common rules, it being therein declared, that not only the cafe of a hoftile aggreflion, on her majeity the emprefs queen, but alfo the cafe of the like aggreffiop on tlie ejpipirc of Ruflia, or the republick of Poland, ought to be regarded as a violation of the peace of Drefden, and give a right to her majefty the emprefs queen, to claim the dutchy of §ile^ fia, and the county of Glatz* Should your majefty, by.yoijr acceffion, countenance this ilipulation, it would greatly increafe theap- prehenfions we are under from the king of rruflia, and it would be allowing ths^t prin- ciple which, on other occafions, we always irrtpugned ; that an auxiliary powcj ought to be confidered on the fame footing with the power at war. • , .*, •. -T • IZC .rrfrrJ|c;fv '> Extr^ft i [ 3« 1 . - No. VII ",' ; Extrafl: of the advice of the privjr • council of his Polifli majefty, 17 ''Sept. i748v^': «;-,,.. ,, ,, IT has b'^en ftipulated in the fccret article, that not only the cafe wherein the king of PrufTia, (hould attack her majefty the cmprcis queen ; but alfo every aggreffion on the empire of Ruflla, or the republick of Poland, (hall be equally confidered as an in* fr aft ion of the peace of Drefden. ' ; Should then your majefty by your acccfll- on approve of a principle, fo oppofite to the ordinary rules, and fhould the king of Pruflla come to the knowledge of it, he might charge you with a breach of the peace of Drefden. _. . ■ _, ■i No. viir. ,.'. f.wi ,*. ^..^)> J' Extraflof a poftfcript of the count . Bruhl's, to count Lot at Paris, ' ;* Drefden, 1 2 June ^747. \ ^ . S to the two articles mentioned in your excellency's leacr of the 8th of Dec. with refpeft to which you defire to have the kings orders^ I am to tcU you/ in his H i T / [ 32 ] majcfty's name, that notwitliflanHing, to pre- tend to fuch a declaration be fomcwhal ex- traordinary, the king however gives your exrellcncy leave to deliver a dcclarution» tcndiqg to aflarc, that in the treaty in qucfti- on, nothing more is contained than what is the fubftancc of the German copy ; which has been conimunkated ; ai)d that we have no knowledge of any fcparate or fccrct af- ticle : but fuppofing alio the exiftencc of fuch an article, and that it was communi- cated to usi with an invitation likewi(e of acceding thereto ; France may be afliired that we fhaU enter into no engagements, that may tc^nd tQ[ give hcf any offence, or be con- trary in any (liapc to thofe which we have ' with that ci-oWnP-'fi ^nc ,5jfci: frxinr^':/ '-rt: o.i ,:\ >.. '0^.1 ni/o;]: I *»'' 1 "» ..*«., No. IX. .rxr that his majefty flat- tered himfelf from die friendfhip of her majefty, the emprefs of Ruffia, and the good intentions of the Ruffian mlniftryi that nothing beyond his power would be required M( J . [ 35 ] i'equired of him ; and that his accefHon would not be othcrwife defired, than on condition of his being charged with nothing that he was not capable of effe6luating ; that a promife fhould be made hiiii, on the other hand, on the part of the two Imperial courts, in cafe his patrimonial territories in Germany be invaded in a hodile manner, of a quick, certain, and fufficient afliftance, by means of two armies, which are always to hold themfelves in readlncfs on the refpe(Slive frontiers, in order to come immediately to his relief, or to make a dlverfion, according to the exigence of the cafe ; and laftly, that it be pofitively determined what fhare he is to have in the advantages which may be gained, by a happy fuccefs of our arms. No. XL Memorial delivered to the Ruflian minlfter, count Keyferling, at Drefden, 26 June i75i« TH E king has not hefitated to declai'e already, by word of mouth, to his excellency the count Keyferllng, the good difpofitions of his majefty, relatively to the definitive treaty of alliance, and guaranty E a coa- s^ !sj:m i I [36] concluded at Peter iburgh the 2 2d May 1746, between their Imperial majeftics, the em- prcfs of RufRa, and the emprefs-qiieen of Hungary, to which treaty the king has been invited to accede* This declaration, together with all that has been given to underftand, at the fame time, to the faid Ruffian minifter, will be ftill frefli in his memory. In the like manner, the fame amicable declaration is here repeated, which among other falutary views, tends principally to prove the high efteem which his majcfty en- tertains for their Imperial majeflies, and the other allies, and the value which he lets on their friendfhip. ' ':(-'«• -i' ^>' i^ Nor does the king doubt in the lead, from the aduranccs, fo often given and repeated, of the precious friendfhip of her majefty the emprefs of Ruffia ; but fhe will In return, in confcqucnce of the accefllon in queftion, make previous and fufficicnt provifion, for the fecurity of the hereditary dominions of his majclty, and effcdluate the fame thing v/ith the other allies. In hopes that this will be the cafe, his majclW will caufc his miniller at the court oi Ruliia, to be immediately provided with the inftrudlio; iS nccefTary to proceed farther in this bufinels ; and to bring the negocia-* don in que ft ion to an happy ifTue ; of which "WC r '46, lem- of )cen that fame be :able long to cn- and he [37]^ wc would not but acquaint his excellency count Keyferling, that he may give notice thereof to his court, 6cc. ;, .. r.r ■ ••■ '' "' -• ' Drefden, June 26, 175 1. C. de Bruhl. T No. XII. Extradl of a letter from count Flem- ' ' . ming to count Bruhl. ,. V Vienna, February 28, 17 53. IN compliance with the difpatch with which your excellency honoured me the 19th inftant, 1 exprcflcd to monficur count d'tJhlefeld the fatisfadtion of the king our mafler, relative to the clear and plain decla- ration of her majefly the emprefs-quccn, in regard to the acknowledgement of the treaty which fubfifts between both courts, and the application of the cafe in quefiion, with re- fpe6l to the king of PruHia. I added, at ihc fame time, that it would be proper, and that the king my mader ex- pcAed it, that in imitation of Ruflia, the re- fpcftive miniflers who refide at the courts JE 3 principally '¥> |i 11 [ 38 J principally interefted in the prefer vation of the peace, were eventually authorifed fo as they may, when it is time, before which we ourfelves would not dcfire it, declare in what manner the imperial courts would con- (ider any adt of oppreffion pradlifcd by the king of PrufTia towards us. Count Uhlcfcld replied, That the orders to be fent for this purpofe to their miniftcrs, ihould admit of no difficulties, if wc infifted on it ; but that he did fubmit it again to my confidcration, of what ufe could be to us^ and what im predion would make on the king of Pruffia, fuch a declaration, which would be made agreeably to the fenfe of the treaty of 1743, confidering the infufficiency of the fuccour therein ftipulated: That l^e charged me :o rcprefent a fecond time to my court, that the ambitious views of the king pf Pruflia can never be fufficiently cautioned againd; and that Saxony efpccially, as the mod expofed, cannot ufe too much precau- tion to guard herfelf againfl: him: That therefore it was of great importance to re- inforce our anticnt engagements, on the footing propolcd by the late count Harrach, in 174';. That this can be done on the oc- caHon of our accclfion to the treaty of Pe- terfburgh, or in whatever other manner which Ihould fcem to us more agreeable to our fecurity, and mod proper to keep it ■ • fecret: I of as ^^ fn- he [39] fecret : That, in his opinion, there was no time to lofc to put ourfclves in ^ good pofturc gnd ftate of defence, the prefcnt conjun^qrcs appearing to him to require abfolutety, that the allied courts do enter into a clofer union with one another than ever ; and that each of them do confider the interefts of thcfe terms, &c, ., r -t . If No. XIII. Extra£t of a letter from count Bruhl r, to count Flemming, at Vienna, - Dref4cn, March 8, 1753. ::;r; ,-* ill. .-.st. I Avail myfelf of the excurfion of Sir Hanbury Williams, and this fure oppor- tunity to communicate to you, fir, the re- port of the privy/council of the 3d of this month, containing the fentiment of that founcij, with regard to tl\.e more extendve engagements to which we are fbHiciLcdby the court of Vienna, on accoimt of our ap- proaching acceflion to the treaty of Ruffia. The commuriicatiiig this to yoii- Is to be of no farther ufe to you than to inform you In what light theafFair is confldered here, and the difficulties which it meets wieh. But On the 'Other hand, iiis m^jefly approves not of the 'expedient propofed, to infeirt firft of alj in ?'■ J [ 40 ] ^ our a6t of acceflion the reciprocal engage- ment of mutually aflifting each other with all our forces. His majefly is not, however, averfc from being agreed hereafter in the mofl fecret manner with the court of Vienna, with regard to fuch afliflance, by means of particular declarations made in confidence relative to the fourth fccrct article of the treaty of Petcrfburgh, by means of certain equitable conditions and advantages which in this cafe ought to be granted us, and in re- fpc<5V to which, )iou are to take ad referendum, all that they will be pleafcd to propofc to you. In the mean lime, 1 think, that what was promifed- tO . tis by the declaration of the emprefs-queen, the 3d of May, 1745, niay ferve as a bafis. - - -i, .. I' f _ [ 42 ] Bernf s, which gives the count Keyferling and myfclf, great lights, in regard to the military preparations of this place. In as much as count Berncs writes word, that the French and PrufTian party in §wedcn laboured hard to procure the prince fucceflbr the fovcreignty ; that in confideration of thefe circumftances, it were to be wiftied the cmprefs's voyage to Mofcow might be prevented ; and as nobody had it more in his power to contribute thereto, than count Keyferling, on account of the preparations and dangerous defigns of the court of Berlin, this minifter fhould be ftirred up to that purpofe. As the man is already fufRciently prejudiced againll: this court, I had no great difficulty in obtaining my end, having Ihewn me yederday his relation cook- ed up to the tade of the count Bernes with a promife of a continuance, weekly, on the fame ftrain. ■ ; ' •i'.v : No XVI, ^ i.ul^HiiiiB-f'i^ Letter from count Berries to coiant Puebla, dated from Peterfbufgh, Dec. 12, 1749, ^ r ■ I May venture to make you the following re- quifition in the greateft fecrccy. Itisdefired you would infinuatq into the car of M. Grofs, [ 43 3 the Ruffian miniftcr, but with fo much prcf paution, that it may never be fufpc^ted it cj^me from vqu, that there are things brewing In Sweden againfl the perfon of the emprefs, in which the court of Prullla has no fmall fhare ; and as the faid mjnifter will not pro- bably fail entrufting you with this difcovery, yoif are defired to make anfwer, That as you know nothing of the matter, you will m^kp enquiries about it, and afterwards to confirm it to hii^ as a thing you had found to be true upon enquiry, ' ; No XVII. Extradt of the inflrudion given to general d'ArnIm, Prefden, Feb. 19, 1750. Tranflated. • * ,. ^ . J ' -■':'" \ ■ ■ "•" A * . ■ "' . ' GEneral d'Arnim will be careful to keep up the diffidence of the emprefs, and her good intcntioned miniflers, againft the Pruflian power, its aggrandifement, and the ill ufe that is made of it ; and confequently he muft not fail to extol and give his ap- plaufe to the attention of the emprefs, and the meafures which flie might take to opr pofe it, &c. Extraa •A ;i ■ ». I \l-: [44] No. XVIII. Extract of a letter from the fieur de Funck to count Bruhl, dated at St. Peterfburgh, Dec. 6, 1753, tranf- lated. IN giving an account of the motives whlcli he (Funck) and baron Brctlach, minidcr of Vienna, had alledgcd to the Rudian mi- nillers for keeping conllantly a (hong army on the fronrirrs of Pruflia, he fays, he has, among other things, repicfcntcd to them. That this caution was by fo much the more nccelTary, as, confidcring th-- known views of the courts of France. Pru. .a, and Sweden, in cafe of the throne of Poland becoming vacant, the king of Pruffia would not then further delay the execution of his dcfigns on Polifh Prudia, and the mouth of the Viftula. That copy fhould be taken after the king of Pruffia, who regretted not the cxpencc, when it tended to render him formidable, as appears from his having jufl: now formed three more regiments ; that the court of Ruffia ought not to apprehend her being de- ferted by her allies, when they fhould come to blows ; that they were too well acquaint- ed with their own intcrefts, &c. • • Extra(5l E: [45] No. XIX. Extraft of the dlfpatch of count Bruhl to the fieur Funck, at Pe- terfburgh, Feb. 6, 1754, tranf- lated. I Make no doubt of the court of Ruffia being already apprized of the different motions and arrangements which the king of PruiTia caufcs to be made in the kingHom of that name, with tlic greatcfl: celerity, id in the molt fecret manner, in regard to the commerce and finances, and efpecially the military preparations; I am in hopes like- wife, this court will be the more attentive to all this, as thefe preparations have been ob- ferved to take place after the great augmen- tations which the emprcfs of Ruflia had made latterly in the neighbouring provinces, and appear ro have fome relation thrri^to ; I have thought it my duty, however, to communi- cate to you the advices which we have re- ceived fucceflivcly of this, thac they may be of ufe to you in your conferences with the miniftry of the court you are ar. For our parts, we are all attention on this occafion, and the more fo, as we know how dcfirous the king of Pruffia h to interfere with the do- ii ! ■ i'46] domcflic affairs of PoIanJ ; that his pro* jc6ts to deflroy the commerce of Poland, and above all, that of Dantzick become daily more confpicuous, and that his views of aggrandi foment on that fide, are moll cer- tainly one of the molt Hattering objects of his ambition. Count Bruhl's difpatch of the i cth of February, 1754, turns upon nothing but the military preparations which the king was making in Pruffia. No. XX. Extf a£t of the fieur Funck's letter to Count Bruhl, June 31, 1754. According to the report of the envoy de Grofs, your excellency has informed him yourfelf of the approaching levy of feven new Pruflian regiments. Thanks are returned to your excellency for this advice, and alFurances given you that it fhall not fail to be turned to good account, as it will be likewife with all other news of the fame nature. ■• ii ' Extra(^ 1 t47l * ►#-•# r- of of he No. XXL Extraft of count Bruhrs difp^tch to the fieur de Funck, from Warfaw^ July 28, 1754, tranflated. THE dcfigns which arc hatching by feme ill-intcntioncd powers againlt Courland, may be known among fcvcral other tokens and preparatives, trom the pub- liek Gazettes of Berlin. Here we arc told fometimes of the death, fometimes of the defpcratc flatc of health of the unfortunate duke, in order thus to prepare the public for the events which are to follow. -^ No. XXII. ■ f Extra£l of count Bruhl's difpatch to the fieur Funck^ from Warfaw, Auguft 2^ 1754, tranflated, IN fpeaking of the umbrage which the Ottoman Port was taking, on account of the fortrefs building by the court of Ruflla, on the frontiers of Turkey : he adds, The courts of France and Pruflla have hitherto Jaboured conltantly to draw the Ottoman Port l''.l r:iir«*«««|ivn«i««i«*nMMrjM [48] Port into a war with RufHa ; this affair would afford them a f .le opportunity; the king of Pruflia would delay no longer pulling off the mafk, and declaring openly the obje as a fundaoierital majcim for the fu- ture, to oppofe with all their rhight the ulterior aggrandlfement of the houfe of Brandenburgh ; and to put themlelves, for that purpofe, in fath a condition as to be able to lay hold of the firft opportunity, F 2 that in htma that (hall offer ^ and a refolution is taken td attack the king of Pruflia, without any ul- terior difcufiiori ; not only in cafe this prince fhould attack one of the allies of this here court ; but alfo this attack is to take likewife place, if the king of PrufTia fliould happen to be henimed in by any of the allies ot this court. 'Tis propofed for this purpofc t6 cftablilh magazines for an hundred thou- fand men at Riga, Mitau, Libau, and Win- dan } and a fund has been found to anfwer tlie expence of ihefe arrangements, of two millions and a half of rubles, and another annual fund of a million and a half. I •ty ■^--> ^ '.^: N^ XXVII. . ,,v Extrad: of count Bruhl's difpatch to , fecretary Prafle, at Peterfburgh, : June 2, 1756. . , \ AS to what relates to the fecret commif- fion,to caufe the ad vices of thePrulTian machinations in the Ukrain, to be conveyed through inviiible channels to Pet^r&urgli, we arc ftill employed in looking out for a good and fure channel j and the cfFecft of my inclination to fecond fo good an intention, though favouring fomewhat of artifice, will be perceived,in one fhapeor another very foon. Ex- fV: 19 II- :c ire en I 53 ] f-ui ^ho;,i-;T>.V:N^\ XXVJ4, ,:.rf^ •• -^ ExtracSi: of a letter from couat Flem- ing to count Bruhl, from Vienna, June I 7 56,^-1 a J. I :j[.j inryi-i IMuft ftill ad<^, that by thje l^fl; j:efcript cpnnt Keyferline has.becn direAed t;o le- garcj n.9jtl:^er trO|i^b!e nor mon6y, tpjcomeat ,jtbc cxp<9: kqowledee ' of tl'^e 'ftate 'of this \ ,pQ\XT^if revenues, ^is likely ^lie reafon, )ror ^ pudeay oujing to come ^t this k^o wjedyje fs, to know accurately^ whether tney ore here ji^ ^,f qndition io fupport by their p^^n forces, ' inci without ,the afflftance oif" fingland, tfie expence of ^ war,- and whether they can mprepyjsr pav lubfiQi.es^ &c. . , ^ THERE^i^Fogtip for p^-eftigiiftg;, tjbt it has been a matter concerted, between the two imperial courts of Vienna andRuflia j that the latter, the better to conceal the mo- tives of its armaments, do alledge the fpccious pretence : that it may have it in its power, by that means to fulfill its engagements, contr;/ied by the laft fubfidiary convention with England, in cafe it were found necef- fary ; i (., ^, «■-, ( [ 54 ] fary ; and when all tho preparations havt been finiflied to fall on the king of Pruilia uncxpedtedly. From the famc,^ Jwc 1 9. [ FROM the generjil and enigmatical over- tures, made by a certain minifter to the fieur Praffe, concerning the armament of Ruflia, and which your excellency has bc^n pleafed to communicate to me by the fald ' difpatch ; I have obferved that this miqifter ~ begins to grow more referved and lyiyftcd- pus, relative to the intentions of hlk court. This circumfpetlion appears to me to coirt- * cide with tbat obferved hei'6^ where they content themfel vcs b the fathd- nianner, with giving to underftand that they have no cxther defign than remaining ^qiiiet, and prepjaring themfelves againft all events that may arife from the prefent conjuncture, &gJ ' ' -pra i li if/joao'j o- ... jj -iij ^-,:J sdi ii^di t ' * • t [ 55} '-;. N^. xxviii J 'A. .: f Letter from count Fleming, to count Bruhl. Vicnnk, June 28, 1756. :r|r } :.i ^ I--- t J . My Lord, MDe Klingraaf received laft 5atur- . day an exprefs from his court, in confcquence of ^vhich he fent the next day a card to icount Caunit^, earneftly dc- firing that he would appoint an hour when he could fpeak tp him. This card was de- livered to the chancellor of flate, precifely at the time that he was in conference with the marflials Nieperg and Brown, and with ge- neral prince Piccolomini y and as his intent was to repair immediately after the confe- rence to the emprefs-queen, in order to make her a report thereof, he ordered an anfwer tp be returned to m. de Klingraaf | that he was under a neceflity, 'tis true, to go to Schoenbrunn : but that he would how^ ever take it as a favour, if he would haflen to come at that very inilant j whicl^ the Pruflian miniiler did not fail to do. Count Caunitz told me in conHcence, in a con* veriation which I had with him yeflerday F 4 moru- ii ■ 1; ■A : . - y. - [56 ] morning, that^m. de Klingraaf, upon his firft coming info his apartment, had given futficient indication, by means of. a certain diliurbancc blended with nneairnefs, whicH difcovcicd itlclf on his Countenance, that he h; J jufl received an cxprcfs from his court ; wi>*J^.he declareil, had brought him fuch orders, as He muil'e.tpoTe tne contents thereof in pcrfon to the rmprefsTqneen j and that, for that purpofe, he was dh-edted to dc- rrtarrf a^ p^riva^tf audience c!)Jf^he*^'maje{ly, Whiih he defii-6d courit Ca^ihiXi'woutld'bb jskalfed' to pfbcare hifnj' T4^atP he, eolin< Galiriitz had .'replied, that '-^^ he ■ ^j^ }«fl^ '^oing' tb" Schbicnbrunh,'' hti' ^HldcFtfiJJok vtith p-R.rfure f(fy ^'emtiffd ' tWe^l^dtfi<*nt!e ^ftitf Mlrt^ v^hich hti^efireki j' but t?hal'1ye^coald ndi M^lj5\aicquai^tW^ WiiV that -it ^^^ -*prGpef'He fhtiuW^ be enaWyd''c out wit /i an.air pretty much. ftun- f]^d,.;iJibav,e receiv.eci,a,li thefe circunift-ances :.Jfom !-•.:;» ! fr tl n \\ \% ind ni- n- im [felf lent pc ch fe- nd . [ 59 ] from m. Caunitz*s own mouth, who has on this occalion fpokc to me with more o^e i-» nefs and confidence than he has done t II this time ; nay, he has charged me to me i- tiftn them in my difpatches to ycmr excel- lency, referving however to himfclf the moft exadl fccrecy on that head. *' -> . '• That this an(wer, as full of energy as it is obfcure, will throw the king of PrulTia in^o great perplexity, is not at all doubted ; and 'tis pretended here, that this prince muft be under great uneafinefs, and that he has already drawn out of his treafure near three millions, which his preparations and aug- mentations have ftood him in. *Tis prefumed that the end which he propofed to himfelf, by afking the above- mentioned queftion, was probably this ; that if it f >ould be anfwered it was him(clf had occaftoned the armaments that were making, he would have endeavoured to difculpatc himf'lf, by giving it as a proof of the con- trary that for this v '•y reafon he had not -even a Tembled the i oops t )r the camps, which he had already divc&t^d to be marked out, in order to exercife his loldicrs ; but on the contrary had o. dered the regiments to ■ feparate j in hopes poffibly to lay this court under the neceflity of following his eximple, .and putting in Uke manner an end to its pre- parations ? ^ ara however of opinion that •i-^i he ■r-. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) J/. f.S' Z 1.0 !i:i^ I.I 1.25 12.5 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.4 IIIIII.6 V2 ^ o>A //, A m %7^^f/ '/ /A f V Photographic Sciences Corporation a; WEST MAIf; STREET V.V./3TER, N.Y. UifiO (7U; 872-450* \ ;v SJ \\ fv '^>^ ^ ^ <^ he had found it a difficult talk by thefc kin4 of illufions^ to divert jt. from its dcfign$. ij* t Advice is come by an exprefs difpatched by count Puebla, arriyed ,bere lall Suht day, that notwithftanding the feigned dify politions. io£ tbe king of iPruflia, hift troop$ continued filing' to war«l6 ^U^&, They a;;^ befides, cxtrenaely fenfibkv it^t this prfpce, •by the local polition of his alnnHy, wjjicb ,1^ can aflemble in as noany we^ks.as tb*y Wiuft Jierc employ months, 011 [account )Q^ nhe idiftanee of the places where the tifQ^p^ ai^ ^lartoredi, has coo palpable ;ao advanta^^.oyor ■^court heriej which byiloiig and ^ontiiiurf marches, he maght tfhrowinlci jGuchcxpjenceft, «i rifiigh* aftiiiaft.grow infbpportabjcyj'fay dfiey are wery ifchfible |jd!i^ rriejcefljify'irt^jsitp tpnirru e the/ liijeafiires already . ;be^un , • \ f(>i m ^Ip flael in thb: prcfent circwmfJawces; a»liequrfl .matcJi, aiEwJ'/ia,ift good ..jwilui'ie, byio which meams *ahe f)kiiig of PriUiffia m^f be? .• obliged, 4nx)rdcr to Topport his jai^jiwem^, ,'ihidrrlbt jaugikiieiD tat ions WjMch b^veiri>reajiyta[ke^ji; it being undoubtedly true, that if he remains quiet, neither will the court of .Vienna begin to do any thing, at leaft thii year j but they will endeavour to complete, during this interval, their preparations, fb as to be next year in a fituation to take fuch a reiolution as will be agreeable to the circum- ilances, events, and times. . And this is a further confirmation to mc of the opinion which I took the liberty of communicating to your excellency in my foregoing letters, that our court has not a more certain method of availing itfelf of the prelent conjundlure of affairs, which was never perhiips fo favourable during the reign of our auguft mafter, than to put itfelf in a good pofture, fo as to be courted. One of my ,- friends, who pretends to have his information . from one of the clerks of the treafury, af- . fures me, that this court has had a million of I florins tranfmitted to Ruflia. /*,*,,' ^,, Count Caunitz has told me, ttai the a'd- j vices which your excellency had conveyed him, relative to the rumours fpread by the .king of Pruilia, with regard to certain alli- -^^.--. .,:^..-- '.-,.. ---— --antes ^ lis las *s lat r/V 'I IS ances to be entered upon between him and us, as alfo with Ruflia j and moreover, that the court here was interfering in a medi- ation between France and England, he had already received from elfewhere 5 and con- fequently, that they deferved fo much the greater attention, and required to be con- tradided, of which care fhould be taken, by fending orders for that purpofc to the mi- jiifters of the emprefs-queen at the courts of Europe. I have been likewife told by this chancellor of ftate, that there were advices, as if the king of Pr.uffia had a notion of furprizing the town of Stralfund, in Swedifh Pomerania; and that in all likelihood, fhould this prove true, it muft have been in confe- quence of the plot lately difcovered at Stockholm. .di^t^^cJ' / .n :,u : ; Should your excellency have an oppor- tunity of making any infinuations with fafe- ty to the court of London, it were per- haps doing it a piece of fervice to give it in- timations of its dangerous fituation,, into which it has been betrayed by the bad coun- cils of thofe who enjoy at prefent the great- eft degree of credit there, -.^f.rr This court will find it a difficult taflc to get out of the perplexed fituation into which it has precipitated itfelf ; and if it does not renounce the alliance of the king of Pruflia, and ^ ( f t 64 ] and make its peace with France, lipan the beft terms poftible, this laft will proc«ed from fucccfs to fuccefs, and from project to pro- ject, which at long run, may end ih die ruin of the houfe of Hanover. , I muft defire it as a favour of your excel* lency, that you will fay nothing particular to m. de Broglio, relative to what I have the honour to mention to your excel- lency J that embaflfador correlponds with M. d'Aubeterre, who has told me, .widi fome furprize ; count Broglio was thoroughly per- fuadcd that here they were hatching foijnc- thing againft the king of Pruflia ; and ihat he went even fo far as to aceufe him of diffi- dence, and too much refervc^ relative to the dcfigns of the court of Vienna. .> t; Jift'i/-. The marquis d'Aubeterre having for a long time follicited leave to abfent himfcif during fome months from his polV, in order to attend fome family-affairs, has jjuft ob- tained that favour, t lo -isik] »: u r^'itoh actd * ^' General Karoli, and not general Nadafti, as it had been believed, is juft dedaued Ban- tius of Croatia. •:^ vc,?no orlv/ 'iintii In ^j'o I have the honour to be with tfec iDioft 'profound refped:, ' ^^'^ \-vf/ ii^rcyj sij'T J My Lord, i^'r^^<^ Vtnn 33-«j v.Aki'Af iy*:n rfv ioa i^vU n i: intr, ;Your iExcellency*s : t . J iO '.. C." iFl EMMINJ5.* .^y To K ^- ■- "" nam m> - vr-^s*. [ 65 ] ^y!?. N^XXIX. ;. 7ril',;; EiCfden, July i, i756,j/4 ; To count Flemming, at Vienna. ^H I Take the opportunity of a courier, whom count Strenberg difpatches to his cburt, with the advices which count Puebk has , lately jcommui'icated to him, relative to the grand military preparations of the king of Pruffia, which appear more and more lo threaten a commencement of hoflilities on his part. ' V - , , Your excellency will not mifs beirig mofc particularly informed of thefe advices and dangerous appearances, from their imperial J majefties miniftry ; and therefore I content . myfelf with conveying to you, hereto an- ,nexed, the extrad: of M. de Bulow's laft letter, which dif covers tlie fameapprehenfions. Having juft now dif^Q^rfed, in confidence ] with count Sternberg, on that fubje^ ; I am ,^0 authorife you, fir, to confer relative to an bbjed of fuch importance to both courts, with the miniftry of that where you refidc. You are to make them fenfible of the diiHcult G " and i .•^■^^j. ^=»r> -^»^ » • r66 1 and dangerous pofition which we might be cxpofed to from Vhe paflkge of a Pruflian army through Saxony, to which our fitu- ation t)y no means allows us to make any op- pofition ; or perhaps from fome propofal or ulterior demand pf a more fighifying nature, which his Prulljan majefty might make us on this occafion. And to prevail oh them to open themfelves in the utmoft confidence Jo you, concerning the meafur«s which they propofe making ufe of, in order to guard . thenifelves againfl an unjufl attack ^ and at . the ^m6 time to cover, and proteft the king cur ftiafter's territories, which becdmie onde inpre threatened, on account of our faithful .attachment to our allies,u-*'"**«^>^ - *i->— -A-^t To anfwer this laft purpofe, it v^riere un- doubtedly neceflary to alTemblc immediately a fufficient body of troops in the circles of Bohemia, the moft contiguous to our fron- tiers ; and it would promote the fervice of both courts equally, if her majefty the emptcfs^queen were pleafed to give diredtions to field marlhal Brown, that he would com- municate and concert meafures, at all events, and with the proper caution and fecrepy, with our field marftial count Rutpwfkt, who is authorized for th already ,_,w "--.^ -»*