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Tous les autres axampiaires origlnaux sont fllmte en commenqant par la premlAre page qui comporte une ampreinte dlmpresaion ou d'llluatration at en terminant par la derni^re page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un dee symbolee suivants apparaitra sur la damlAre image de cheque microfiche, seion le eaa: le symbols — »> signifie 'A SUIVRE". le symboie ▼ signifie "FIN". Las cartea. planchee, tableaux, etc.. peuvent dtre filmta d dee taux de rMuetion diffirenta. Loraque le document eat trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, i! eat film* A partir da I'angie sup4rieur gauche, de gauche d droite. et de haut en baa, an prenant le rrnmbre d'Imagea n^cassaire. Las diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thodo. 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 w To vhe Honorable the Commons of tlie United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in Parliament assembled. The Humble PETITION of WILLIAM L. MACKENZIE. Printer; Membc-- representing tiie County of York, in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canatla ; (aiifi deputed to this Country as the Agent for the Petitioners to tiie King and Parliament, praying fov a Redress of Grievances :) ri^HAT betnepii llie months of June, 1831, ami April, ? "32, the people of Upper Canada, having full con- J. fiileiice in llie sfTacioiiK disposition of His Majesty early to hearken to thejust coniplainla >:i liix siihjtcts throun'hout his wiilely exieniled ildniiiiion!^, met together i'l their rexpcrtive towns ,in(i cuunties for the ^ k piirpose of petitioning (lis Miijestj on the Stale of the Province, and ol'laying ihtir grievances at ihe Coot of ) J? > the Throne. ^^ ? > At upwards of a hundred general Meelinsrs of the Landowners and other Inhiibitanis of the H ^ te rikiiiitip«. tovvilfi. mid t(^wiisli:itu illlii wllirll ITnn(>r Pniinihi is dividpil \lpiiinri:. lu in II iw \Tnjpii:»v ^ *0 ? At upwards of a hundred general Meelinsrs ot the Landowners anil other Inhiibitanis of the H ^ 'Nk^ districts, counties, towns, mid lowiiships intn wiiirh I'pper Canada is (iivideil, Menioriiils to Mis Majesty J\^ Nj ( ^v, ^"S^were adopted, and siibsciilu'd by lirtHceii Iwnily niiil thirty tliunsniid person^, a ronsideruble niiiidrily, VJ"'^' ^ "X {* as there is reason to believe, of the wlr-Je mule adult popiiliition. And it was n request of the Alenioritilists, ^^^^ ' illK »^ vinaiiimoiisly made ai a)\ their Meeliiii.'-j, ihnt your I'etitioner should proceed to England in rliur| rv Memorials, and endeat^onr to id>tiiiii a favourable answer. of their Appllrations at the Coloniul Office That your Petitioner was the Rearer of a Meinoria! to your (loiiornble House, agreed iipcu last year, and subscribed by ten thdiisan.! o( the Lairbiwiiers and oilier liihabitaiits of I'pper rni:a(la, praying- ;liat an Enquiry might iie instinited into the Simte of the C^jlony and relie*' extended — said Memorial was presi'iited by one of the representatives for Muldlesex a sl.ort lime before the close of the jast (Session, but the in- vestigation pray' for was not gone into. That your Peliiioner was iiilruduced to the Secretary of Slate for the Colonies on the occasion of presenting Ihe Addresses from Upper Caimdii, last July, and has had the honor to obtain Sfveral aiidif'iiees of His Lordship, and lir^n permitted to address many cominunicatiuns on tlin Si^|^ji£ vV^ Uf:<>t;i.(\c« Un '.U«- Colonial Ofiice; but liafnot been able to perceive during a stay of nearly nine months in England, that the vv K.' Memorialists ot whom your Petitioner is one, nre likely to he benefitted, or existing ahuses lessened, by ar-y Petition to the A. House of Cumv mons, 1831. s, Petition oi 13 k ' 182ii. > lit Quebec Am, kfjovcrninent ofV / I'lHiur ('an!i'ltt\ efficient measure of reform proceeding from the Colonial Office. He fears that he has been unable to con- vince the Secretary of State that there are any grievances worthy the aiteution of the Goveriiinent, 'I'hat your Petitioiier is a Member of the Central Commiliee of Friends of CivJI and Keligious Liberty, who forwarded the Memorial often thousand of the Fieeholders of Upper Canada to one ofthe liepresenlatives for Middlesex for presentation in your Honorable House, in IS.'Jl. The Petition was ordered lo be printed, but there has been no enquiry. The Memorialists have requested your Petitionento endeavour to obtain the attention of Parliament to the prayer of their Memorial. That your Petitioner was a Jleniber of the Provincial Commiltre who forwarded to one of the present Representatives fur Middlesex for presentatimi in your Honorable House in I82><, the Memorial of eight thousand of the Inhabitants of I'pper Canada, stating their grievances; and that he hat been rcijnired to \^act as their agent. „,/^ That about five thousand Inhabitants of the County of York, of whom your Petitioner was one, transmitted Petitions for ridress of gripvaiic) s, fm- presentation in the Houses of Lords and Ci.mmoiis in 1829, but because of some iiiCoriiiality in llii' wording the Legislature would no 'eive or listen to them. That the recommendations iieidi' by the Select ('ommittee of yon. Honorable House, lo wlimii was referred, in 18'28, the eonsideratioii of tlie slate of the Civil (•overiimeiil of the Caiiadas, have not been eoni- plieil with as far as Upper Canada is ('onrcnied. On the contrary, the abuses then coinplaiiied of have greatly incieaiied, and lire iiicrepsiiig, with perii ct iinpuiiily to the wrongdoers. The atleiitioii of the Province is anxiously turned towards ;lie delibiiiilioiis of Parliaineiit, in the confident expf elation that your Honorable House will at length favouraMy listen to our liiinihle prayers, cause enquiry lo be made, mid grant relief. ** An o|)iiiion is very getierally riiterlaiiied in Cffiper Canada — and, as your Petitioner believes, with good reason— that wherever the (inveriiment or its officers have an oppoiliiuity to injure in their business or prospects in life those pefsoiis whose namis are allachid to petitions calling the attention of His Majesty or your Honorable llimse lo the mi'^eondiict nliirli prevails in the Colonial administration, or who take a pro- minent part wiih the coniplaiiiaiils, they sildoin fail to use it. It is well known that for years together the right of the people to meet together and petiliou for redress of grievanci's was suspemled, at the ii quest of Sir I', .^laitlaiid, (now oovcniiiig Nova Siotia and r in England;) it was made a criminal act for any iiiiiiiber of the Lalldo^tllers to asscniVdr to>>i'tlier to petition '' ' King, within the limits oi I fiper Canada; and the royal grants of public binds to ('aiiiiilians, besiowed as e reward of their bravery in defence of the Proviiire in lime of war, were rescinded by (it neral Maillaiid .lecause they veiUured lo meet and pttitiuu Parliaiiieiil for a redress ol iirievniices, in time of peace ! Petilioiiiiig England, and scndino- Agents to London from year to year, is attended with much difficulty, trouble, and expeiice lo a people jOOfl miles distant from the supreme nuthorily — and it is a duly at all times unpleasant to have lo roiiiplaiii of the coiidiiel of others. Allhoiigli, however, the act of petitioning is III is iievertlii'liss dear to lb itisli subjects ; and I humbly reipiest permission to recapitu- ievancrs fell by ihi- Inliabilant'^: oi Upper Canada which Inivebeen embodied in their II liana lit, and lu ih.' Lieiiienant (iovernor and Prov'liT(^n Legislature. Having been lioiioi 'd with tlie confidence ol the L;iiidoH ners, in whiiu is the right of suft'rage, so far as lo be five times siieeessivi ly clhisen to servo as a Miinber of the Lrgislative Assembly for the most populous Shire in the Canadas, that in which is the Sea! of ilio (iovernment of the Upper Province — having been iiiiaiiimously elected last Novruibir while abscnl in this country endeavouring to oblaiii the aiteution of the ('oloiiial Departmi III lo the Putlions of the I'm lioldi rs, I may reiiKonahly be supposed to speak their sentimeiits. Iiniiif diately alierllie lliirtirii Coloiiiis, now the United States of America, Imd adopted l''eir present federal eonsiiiiitiiin, an Act was passid in the Parliament of (irsHt llritaiti diviilinu: the Province ol (iiiebec into two; eslalilishiiiislators, till' n hole aiilhoriiy of the Sialr, civil and military, has usually been concentrated in the peisoii (filer coniuiaiidinii' the forces, artini; under hueh instructions as he may have received from time to loi s)> (iiiards. IIS country who iIiim> exercise an influence over the internal (iovernment of the Colony, cannot be the most fit to Judge concerning the wants and wishes o( a country they n^ver saw. They must depend on their Aoents. — And thus it is, iIhiI »liile in the adjoining 8tates the chief magistrates life freily t Itcitd by ihe pii'ple frv'it nriiong their sblt-t itnd mo^t pstrioiic =fnte=inen, the roloni^ts nre tinder the necessity of siilimitiing to the mandates of ii person bred in the army, J stranger to their feelings, pre- judicis, main. CIS and customs, ignorant of the country he is sent out tu govern, having no permanent interest s\^ A lllli* S III! Olt fistllll ,1. I ^ nnplensant, tlir ri<>lit \ late some of llii yr ^ ' iMeiiiorials l.i tin- Ki ^ ol the othier coninianiliim' the forces, Ijf time from the Colonial Othce or ilie II Vj 'Ihe heads of ilrpnrimeiits in ll ^ r '">^ ■X m 180 CauBes of the Pre- •eat Discoutenls. - < Judgea— Juries — StaeriBi. Administration of Justice. Outrages by Co- vernment Officers. y men of the Magistracy, Low Value of Lauded Estate. Revenues and LJhnracter of the OfBciul Priest- hood. War Claims, Powers of the Leginlative AiKinbliei, ill cemmnn nilli ils popiilsititiii, anil It ini; cniilimiiilly surnuiiiileil and iit'viseil by a l)ml^ ul'nflf'itili'rc.'sh'tl couiisellurs wlioin no |io|>iiliir vote orilJNnpprohsitioii can ever elianir.'. Tlieri' is not now, iieiilier lias lliire ever hceii any real ('(instiliilional rlirrk upon iheiinJnrnI disposirion of men in I I.I' possession of power, lo proinule llieir own partial vieH» anil inlerc^ls at the expencc of llie interests of the ureat body of the people. The inliinry of the roiinlry, tiie poverty of the first selliers, the roinniand over the waste lands (ilie disposal of wliieh is re}:nlateil by no law,) and the civil anil military expendiliiri s deriveil from the taxis levied upon ihe people of these kinyiloins, has left all the power in the hands of theexerulive aovernment, and rendenil the apparent rons>i;utional cheek derived from the enstom ofelectiiiy^ a branch of ihe le<;isliiliir« nitofrether niifralory, or perhaps rnlher misrhieiwuii than ollierwiup, it servinij as a cloak to lejjislativi' acts for proinotinrr, jn many if not in most cases, individual and partial interests at the sncritice of ihe pnl)lic good, and that too with an apparent sanction from the people throu<>h their representatives. Hence, inimense tracts of waste lands, vested in the crown for the benefit of actual settlers, were granted to individuals who kept thcin from actual settlers in the expectation of realizing forlunes out of them. Hence the very great neglect oftlie roads; hence ihegeneral retardnioni of the prosperity of llieProvincp. Hence the interspersion of crown and clergy reserved lands among iho lots to be granled lor actual settlement. Hence the sale of those lands to the Canada Company, founded upon the principle that a revenue was to be derived from the labours of the first settlers in a wildenit'ss, for the advantage of persons residint in England; and in order to afford incomes to pal)lic functionaries, pensioners, and favourites, over the amount oifd continuance of which the people or the representativts they might seUct cunlil exercise no control. Hence high sahiries over niinierous offices, pensions and perqiiiiftes for many persons living on the in- dustry of the colony without aH'ording any adequate return for the advancrment ol the public |)Mispirily. Hence the extensive, insecure and dangerous lianking Monopoly in the hands of ihe aovernimnt niul its ofTicers. Hence the alarming increase of the Provincial Uebl. Ilenct ihe secrecy willi which a large portion of the revenues are expended, while information concerning the managi'ment and appiopriatious im yearly refpejl to successive Assemblies in His Majesty's name. Hence the unequal ai;d very imperfect state of the ••epreseiitaliift*i)f"the qualified eleFtnrs in tlife House of Assembly; in which, as at present constituted, a majority of the whole members are elected by |)lacea containing le.sa than one-third of the whole population and assessed property in the Province. Hence also, the very expensive and at the same time inefticieni system for ihe administration of justice, its great delays, and the want of confidence which ihe people have so often expies>ed in its disptusation. Hence too the attempts lo maintain and support these nnmopolies, sepnrale inlereslsand niiilne indivi- dual advantages, by preferences from goveinment lo particular rtiiaiiius lienomiiialioiis, pHtirrnris in pro- vision for4Jie support of tlio clergy, preferences in the diriction of education and scIiooIn, preferences in appointment to offices of trust, honor and profit, and preferences to those localitiis, classes, and individuals who will give their support to ibis exclusive system. The undue advantages thus possessed by persons in aulliority, open a door to the practice of bribery ttnd corruption in every department of the stale; encimrage in the people a servile spirit of dipenilance on persons in office, and have left their representatives not even the nominal control over a revi niie, coinplici-led and very unsatisfactory accounts of the receipts and expendilure o( some part of which are partially sub- mitted to their inspection and piii)lished as a mere matter of form. For forty years — ever since the estal)lis!iinent of llie colony — our judges, sherifli», and magistralis have been kept in abject dependance on the will of the officer atlministering the government ; ami w hilst in this state of complete subservience have been calird upon to pass, bitween the richest luen in the Cdunlry and the poorest and most unpopular; belwecn llit? government and the man opposed to its measures; between the conflicting enactments of British and Colonial Leirislaliiiis ; between the pleasure of their patrons and the spirit of the laws. In apporlioniiig the reliring allowances of these judfies anil other public ofiiccrs, recourse is had, not lo the people's Representatives, but to the inslructions sent out tioni the 'I'lcasiiry or Colonial fMBce, New and expensive and useless offices are create.), and the incumbents paid under the like authority. Our Grand and Petty Jurors are selected or chosen at the discretion of sheiifl's ihns ib pendant on the government — hence we are liable lol)egidiji'eled In most cases to a mock iri'il by jury, and are CHitiiiiially i!i pi n- dant on the caprice of a hotly ofiheimsl viidinl |jarli/nn> of ilie (xiiiili»e ninln lie lorm ot a uianii jiiijinsl. The expences of obtaining a ilecision in the law courts are ennrinons — at least sevcii-lold giealcr lliaii in the ailjoining republics — the people have no confidence in the ailminislration ofjii>lice — ihey oiiglit lo have none. There is no tribunal established for the al of cases of impeachment ; when complaint is made lo this country it is of no avail ; it is rather a mea. , of promoting the cKlinqnenIs lo slill lii^lur hoiinrs. Justices of the Peace and other officers ofthe government are fri'i|iii'nlly proved yti.lly of llie must criminal outrages against the ^eace of the coininiinily — instead of meeliiiy w iili disapprobalioii in ilie l.iy;liesl ijiiniers, they are encouraged in their disgraceful career, advancetl and juo lid lo phices of j^reater power and Must, and the petitions ofthe Landowners for their removal slighted and ^ ibree yeais. llie lee simple of iiimly 700,000 acres of excellent land, chiefly in old setllemeuts, the property of individuals, li:is bti ii snld liy ilie Sherirt's for taxes i'l arrear, at an average of abnnt five-pence sterling per acre, and llir procieds paid our to these parties to expend without llieir being sultject to any efficient acrotiiitabilily for llnir pidceeiliiiys. About a fourth or n fifth part of the wlioh^ of the lands in ihe Province, are in llic hands ot ilie riliyiotis teachers of a small minority of Ihe poptilntion, who are paiil by His Majistj's t/overiiiiient liir propau;aliiig among the Colonists a great variety of doctrines the most opposed to eich oilier p'i.«sil)le, I a part of whose business it appetirs lo be to inlerfi re in the piditical discussions nf the Pruviiice, and sow dissension among it.s iiihabitai-ls. These favored Priesthoods receive li«rne incomes besides liom the (,"oloiiial revmnes and from taxes raised from the people ofthe Uniletl Kingdom, in o|)|)osition to the wishes of Ihe focal Houses of Asf.embly. The sufferers by the late war with the TJiiled ."'•iites, whosn claims have been ai know ledncd, have petitioned lor redress lont;- and in vain — they are not neompensed. I'aii nflhi' lamls ihrjr i.ppurtiiiu' valiinr savetl were sold lo the Canada Company lor llic purpose ol raising a fund lor their betielii — bin Ills .Majisiv's Government apply the proceeils lo the purposes of palronaye, piiisions, sinecures, iniiiines lo bishops mid other priesis . and I8.')0, llii'ir aliiiosi nnaninions irpn si nliilioiis lo'llis JMajesty's tiovernnn nl poinliiin' out iIk^ ab'..ses of liie ailiiiinistraliini of ail'nrs in llie Coioiiy, appeaieii lo be productive of but one eilect, that of benefitting those whose misrule lliey exposeil. f 808 3 lUvenue OfBcers, ShrrifTi, in the Leguliilurc. Education. Trade. I Your Peliliinior in letiinicd liy .1 cmiRlitiifiicy oC liiii(l(>- other official duties; also a principil Slieritt' holding office durinjf Pleasure, and representing the place of his own executive jurisdiction. Such persons must obtain tlieir seals y undue influence ; and when erected combine with other dependant persons to vot-* the constitution a dead letter. One of the most violent partisans of the government was made CVIIector of the Customs at the port of Brockville, while the present legislature were in session last year, and was not even sent back to his ccn- stituents, but continued io sit and vote as before. Taiatir.n without ^^^ largest portion of the taxes and duties levied ou the people have bee.i imposed without even the Rcpreieniatioo. appearance of asking tlieir consent; and the proceeds, as well as tfie greater part jf the other revenues, con- tinue to be appropriated contrary to their wishes, and to purposes they would never sanction. Even in cas'-s where a tax or an apprepriatioii of money is siilijected to a vote of the House of Assembly, it is often carried liy a majority of menihcrs representing a minority of the classes entitled to share in the representation. The House is occasionally i>ked to grant a lew thousiirid pounils for the support of the Civil Government, but this is merely for form's sakt. Sometimes years elapse williout any such r. quest being made. Imlecd, if tliu people would submit, the Government could go on for ii century indepenilent of a popular vole. Standing Annie«. Standing Armies are kept among us in time of peace, without llie consent of our legislatures ; the ^ military is not only independent of and superior to ihe civil power, but also the chief slay and dependence of those who use a delegated authority to oppress and injure us. Late occurrences in Montreal and elsewiiere give a colour of tiuth tu tiie asserlum o(te ade in Canada that banils of armed men are upheld among us, less for the purpose of afording protection to the people than of coercing them. Supported by the military, the crown and the legidalure claim our allegiance, but neither afibrd protection to the lives and property, nor secre ;he liberty of thesubject. The pi-ogress of Education i.-t obstructed. The Direction of Public Instruclion is in general placed in the hands of those whocs interest it is to keep the great boily of the people in igiioi'ance. The Trade of th) Colony with other parts of the world is subjected to a multitude of vexatious and impolitic regulations anj prohibition, enacted without any reference to the Colonists, their wishes or interests suffer great losses in Their intercourse with foreign nations, in order, as some My, to promote Canadian Interests. We are desirous to be delivered from the injuries as well as the supposed benetita uttendin»- these monopolies. Enactments the most wholesome and necessary for the public good, laws anxiously desired by the country, and calculated to promote the welfare of its inhabitants, are continually refused the sanction of the Executive and of the oKincils dependent thereon. Among the multitude of wise and salutary mea.-inres ibus rejected since your Petitioner first entered the Legislature, may be enumerated : Hills, -^ For securing to the people a fair and impaitia) Trial by Ju.y. For rendering the Adniiuislrnlion of Justice more effectual aad less expensive. For the Encouragement of Education. r rendering the Itepresenlallve Hraiich of the Legislature more independent of Executive In- "uences, an"d for procuring a more liiir and e(|ual Repnsenliition of the People in the Assembly. ■ olishing the Law of IVimogeiiiture, (viliich exists nowhere else in North America,) and .ling lor the more ('(luin Distriliutioii of the real Estate of Persons dying intesta'e. )etter.J{egulation of lie iliree hundred Township Incorporations of the Colony, mpruvemi'iit of the Roads, viding that no Person should be liable to punishment for PublisliTng the Truth from good ivisand (or jusliliaMe purposes. r allowing the accused, in all Criminid Prosecutions, the benefit of full Defence by Counsel, nd (or pppointing Coniinissioners tj consider important Matters of nmtual Interest with Lower Canada. In these and many other Hills the Legislative Council have served as a set em Io take from the Colo- nial Office, and the Gtneral O.Hccr cuninaiidiiig the forces, the odium of ciii.tinually bi'uiking the public expectation an