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m 
 
 
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 PPHiHIil 
 
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 11 
 
 •WM- 
 
 SANDALW(t)D TRADE 
 
 A^m0 
 
 MvMit$ fffjmmM 
 
 
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a-i: 
 
 S:,^$tt 
 
 THE 
 
 SANDALWOOD TEADE 
 
 A\L) 
 
 'I' 
 
 'S tsi I 
 
 m. 
 
 "From whence come wars anrl fl.vU(.- 
 not hence, even of your lul th,f I ^' """""^ you ? Come they 
 and have not: ye UUT^^LX Z'"''' T''''''' ' ^e lust^ 
 Jajtes, iv: 1, 2, "° ''^ '''*^«' and cannot obtain."— 
 
 HA I. IF AX, IV. S. 
 
 June 11>, 1862. 
 
4*^ 
 
 This tract was written r 
 "•" a -ail par „7u ," bP,:;""""' ^'^-gi the ,- u.h IV^ "'" 
 
 ""I 'mdere in ,„„,,';, „7' ""' '"fomation conce-rninrtt ' T 
 ttiore fiiliiT ft, 1.^ w"oa, as mav pnni.j^ » ^"® trade 
 
 acknnuri ^ • ' ^''^^'j embraces th;. ^ o'jnesja. 
 
 ^a«8 from the CoraJ 
 ««''^H., J,„e 19th, 18GO JA.MKS D. Gori>o.v. 
 
published 
 '^8 printed 
 'ose of cir- 
 
 the trade 
 nderstand 
 iiich .Mia. 
 
 ^1 iind of 
 
 indedand 
 Bsia. 
 
 rate/'uIJj 
 
 noflfa- 
 
 tenoss of 
 
 om any 
 
 fist and 
 ns, has 
 > Oapt. 
 to the 
 Coral 
 
 THE TRADE AND TRADERS IN SANDALWOOD. 
 
 -is the o„e in which "he C h":"'-'" '??"' ^^"'" <"0 mile. 
 Provinces of li N 1 ': ZXTT ?"'''' "^ "'« ^"-"^ 
 "orlhorn part of lhi/„n„, ^? ''"'■'''■»' ""'eresled. The 
 
 called ,„ hia,'„:'L;^ C ei/ 'Thet '''"''=''"~'"" """ 
 g.ven ,i,e:„ by C«,„„i„ Cook h, if 74 •"■'"-"" ""'"' "«' 
 
 .en^'ve'lSp^l™;:';:!:.* T""'"" 1 "^ "^ '"'^ - 
 tkose to which our Cl™-c i Th " f "^ En'omanso, are 
 
 wliich she must needsever fie 1™°' ""-'"^ "■'""=''• ""'' '» 
 of Ihese islands, in pa 4, ar vi " T^"'= '"i"^''''^'- ^" '»o 
 'lie trade in sandalwood h-^' I '~a'""' ^"^ I^™n,anga- 
 ■oerely ,o the ex,ensTor?of tt /^ °'1 f"", <''"™«'""l. not 
 anee «f civilization «„,,,„ p"'?".'' »""aIso lothe further- 
 close to ihe fu?l exient .hV! ^^- °' '^ ^°''<' ^'"n*^ »'"i dis- 
 and blood, which even now c";'?"^,-''^ ""= '^""^^ "' --"P^city 
 
 .ef ^&i Sl^^« ^;"^s^ 
 
 coral rock. The CI „e» t 1 ''' "PP^i-ently on the bare 
 -(he value of which Ins bZ"'L""/^" ^'""^ "' ""' '^ce 
 years-into fancy ar'icles butt "Th"' "' ''"'' "'" '»^' ^^ 
 •>u™ln, incense i^n their'p^':?: IVlt/rL^-' ^' '» 
 
 ^<5 » A (• 
 
commerce. Of these 7 belonged to S in 'S^ SJ^^g^^J m thia 
 one to Plymouth. Pie c^v "A "^^' ^ ^° ""»>artown, and 
 
 eci .sandalwood a thf L ^^^^/'^.Y,?'''? • 'r'! '?' ^^"^ "^^'^-n- 
 
 The vessel carried 65 inn'i i''"~^" "^^"^ « "^«nths. 
 tobaceoof2cvvt.eLh nnT']! ""f^-"^'""^^' '^^"^^ ^ ke^s of 
 The 200 tons cosrabout £00 f 1 ? ^'^^'^ ^"^'^ ^''^ l>4- 
 allowing it to sell /or cV^^^^ I^''^?! «" ^^^^ -'Me, 
 
 ^Towards the end of hf lat Uem^^^^^^^^^ ^ -^1^182 4s: 
 
 tnlly discovered in the F j I^ ^'^^l^^'^^^ ^^^^^ 
 cominn: thiiher from Manilla and th. A . r ''''''^^ ^'''^>^ 
 mnnd soon proved -renter thl n "'^'?'^^" ^^'^'^ thede- 
 ;'^e traffic wL transfe "X tt nI Subsequently 
 
 lands and New Caledonia "" Hebrides, Loyalty l/. 
 
 demoralization and deat?^ I^rffwh l'"^'^'-''^ ^^^^'^'adation, 
 from the date of the arrive oTtLl 7 t' ''''""'''"^ '•*" >"n>etus 
 Sea Islands. A va4e cup d it. f ' i ''''^''' '" ^^'^ ^^°"'J' 
 prnploye<l by the Prinze o ffi;',!"";^ ^;-%-«- a.^ents 
 increasing his power. The int' o W ^' "^^ '"' '^'^'"'^ ^"^^ 
 angmented thJ number of 'he Si II «[ weapons of warfl,re 
 whetted the teeth of the cannib 1 T^ '^' '"-'^^ «^"^h« ^^'ain 
 blood increased the fWocttT of 1^^ " '''"'' ^^'-^»- ^-^b and 
 mention a r..y circumstances com ectr/'''''', T^ '^'^'^^' "<^- 
 .^ome of these islands, as tleyZ,To'Z'''' ''■^'^'•^' "^ 
 traders and the infamy of their tmde! ^^aracter of the 
 
 _ VAGABOND FOREIGNERS. 
 
 1".J,' with the heall,™ had k rrned fhr'*''"''' *'"'' ^^ """S" 
 
 J.;nne,, Houselnan on omr„ ° Fiii ' f" f "S'^""^'" ""mod 
 «.i.he di,s,i„c,,io„ of being .be"™:' tol^ . Ho had attain. 
 
 ♦^ ;-v i} A ^\ 
 
bri<r. 
 
 Manilla; and in 1850 Lieutenant Pollard .^aw another cn- 
 gagt'J in oiiinj:; the body of a chief at SoinoSoino. 
 
 Charles Pickering, another of thi^se celebrities, wa? disco- 
 vered at Viwa by Capt. Er.skine. EIh had heard of him be* 
 lore, for his fame or infamy had reached Australia. Picker* 
 injTj said he wished to make some explanation " for his own 
 and the public satisfaction." One of his accusers was Tha- 
 kombau the chief, who charged him with stirring up strife 
 bet'.veen the natives and white residents. He was then living 
 near the Missionaries, and had no fewer than a half-a-dozen 
 in his harem. On pointing out to him his mode of life and 
 tliwarlirig the efforts of the Missionaries,* the Capt. says " the 
 cool impudence of his reply was amusing." He said be was 
 gradually reducing the number of his women, and felt great 
 comfort on getting rid of n dozen or two, winch would induce 
 him to persevere in his good intentions. 
 
 The Rev. J. Williams during his second visit to the Navi- 
 gator's Islands in 1832, received information of runaway 
 sailors and other Europeans, who, residing among the people 
 did them incalculable mischief. Many he says were convicts 
 from New South Wales, who had Escaped in stolen vessels. — 
 The jNIissionaries told him of a gang, who, subsequent to their 
 settlement on one of the Islands, liad come there in a fine 
 schooner, which, after stripping, they scuttled and sank a few 
 yards from the shore. 
 
 Somc! time previous another gang came in a stolen vessel 
 to the Society Islands, who, though kindly treated by the chief, 
 yet j)lundered his property, and taking a blunderbuss and 
 powder with other things, decamped at night in Mr. Barfly's 
 whale boat. When missed, two boats with native crews were 
 despatched in search of them. The pursuers on overtaking 
 them, said : — " Friends, we have come to fetch you back ; you 
 must not steal the Missionary's boat and the chief's property." 
 They replied by letting them have the contents of the blun- 
 derbuss, which blew the head of one of them to pieces, killed 
 two others, and severely wounded a fourth. A boy alone es- 
 caped by jumping into the sea and hiding himself behind the 
 
 * Tbo evangelistic elTorts of be VVesleyans in this group havo been euii- 
 Q«utlj^ sucoussful. 
 
 M 
 
P/H«' I'y and ;i;'lS J;;^;; ;[-- - s-u-vhor., s.-M o/n 
 to fi.e shore. ^"^ '"''" "^'eiwards niauagt'd to row 
 
 Mr. Williams says th-if nn w • , 
 
 ^;u.Kl several oftLe^e^a 'k";:^' T ^ ^^^•^"''' '- 
 tlKMnselves as being shipwrecl- ,1 .i ^'"'>^ r.'prosei.t.^d 
 
 ;" 7.r north, n.oy%o 'XrJ"^ /'■''''''^''■'•, Ti.o.,nh\vrecked 
 ^''-"- ^nle was a /ooli;i S, i'of '^ T''^^-'" '^'^ ^^^''^ ''-^^ 
 were convicts. They lef nex't W n '''' '""^''■"^^''' ^''^^ 7 
 g;^tor's Islands, they -entered ^4^ ^.'v ^"/?:'^^'''"" ''"' ^^^^v^^ 
 « the natives, makin. 7e 'rfu ' 'V ^' * '''^''^ ''^^« ^''^ ^vars 
 'i;- leader on one ocla ^^'L, ""o ""' l''*^"' «-.'".„s.J 
 others with a shot from hh bh d rl! '"^"S^^'^^^*-^ ^voundlng 
 ro load, however, th -^v ru Iw ^ ''' ^^^''« '"« '"^'^ t'"me tS 
 
 ,/^ " monster o in mn'tv " 7^ \T ^""^ ^"^ ^'""^^^^ ''ini. 
 ^^I'; W's. arrival. iTn^'. ^Iff" f"!^" ^^<^ath previous to 
 ;vitl) his own hand. To preven, ll ^''^ ^'^^''^ '''' ^^^^dred 
 ""^^elf with charcoal and^o'T T,f f ,"" ''^ "^^^^ '^« ^"^^ar 
 l>e ranged before hi,n wh n takinl h "'''' f ^''^ ^^^»'" "^^^ to 
 Cliarles Sava^rf. ^ ^, i ^'^'^'"" "''^ meals. 
 
 A^ a war,,-,,,. 1,„ ,„,, ,,;;^ '" .^j^ ''"'■'".'<^^r' «' '•''■nha.ion. 
 ;» March, 1814, i„ a baull TtV?;' '? "''r '''''"''-^- "•" 
 toS'^tl.er with ,|,e ma„er nf an F„ ' ^"■"'.'"' ""^ ''*'''<'""id- 
 CaloM„„. Tlieobjertof ,hen».wl* ' "'"''"S '•'^**"1 '™m 
 ^amialwood. Fourteen of II' *'" '" ^"■•"■■'' " cargo of 
 i-nd ,i,e body „f Savage ,rtled-,r"''' f"'"' ""'' '^^'™ 
 "Hbgrnry. Hi., bones „e,'e co„vI'5 ™"^'^\»f "'e utmon 
 ■J'^'iihu.ed among ,be n'lL • ' , """''"'' '"■«"c. and 
 
 --,b,.a„ce „, bi3 :j::t, ibe- f „ iij:;j:-- "' 
 
 ^ -MODES O. OBTAmiNO SANDALWOOD 
 
 -^er?r"7iro7d:r,::re.°:'e'^'^'^'-^'-r''' '<> ""■■^•■' 
 
 o-a.es we-e ^a-cd,™;. f --^-^^^^^^^^ 
 
parties were attempting to obtain sandalwood bj means most 
 dishonorable and reprehensil.'le. 
 
 In 1834 tiie master of a French brig called the V Amiable 
 Josfijihine^ assisted a chief of Viwa in a war against Somo- 
 Sonio. This Captain — one cannot call him a man for he was 
 unworthy of the appellation — was so much of the canibal that 
 he allowed a man to be cooked and eaten on board of his 
 vessel. Snbserpiently, however, he together with the most of 
 his crew were massacred at this same place Four years 
 after this last mentioned event M d'Urville, for revenge, burnt 
 the village of Viwa. But, if the French acted badly in their 
 intercourse with these savages, Englishmen conducted them- 
 selves in a manner no less reprehensible. 
 
 " While at the Navigator's," says the Ilev. J. Williami=!, 
 *' I heard of two vessels having been taken at Islands where 
 the people were still heathen ; in the one case all the crew, 
 and in the other the greater part of them, fell victims to the 
 excited feelings of the natives. In both cases Englishmen 
 were the au'irfssors. In the one, the chief's ton was threat- 
 ened with death, and in the other the drunken Captain and 
 crew were in the act of drai^-ixinfj the cliief's wife on board 
 their ship. A short time after this disastrous event, a man- 
 of-war visited the island, when sixty of the inhabitants were 
 killed. Surely — Mr. W adds — if the natives are to be so 
 severely punished for avenging their injuries, some method 
 ought to be adopted to prevent our countrymen from inflicting 
 them." . 
 
 In 1832 a man-of-war is despatched to one of the Navi- 
 gator's Islands, and 60 natives are murdered to avenge the 
 death of two or three drunken Englishmen, who had probably, 
 forfeited their lives! 
 
 In 18{)I Missionaries are massacred on Eromanga by a 
 Biitis/i suhjecf and unfriendly natives : Commodore Seymour 
 proceeds thither in a man-of-war, takes a look at the island, 
 and then steams off, without even attempting to bring the 
 murderers to an account ! 
 
 One of the urrighteous expedients to which traders had 
 resourse in procuring sandal -wood was impressing natives for 
 the purpose of taking it forcibly by making descents upon 
 
 I 
 
8 
 
 ;n i.. gre..u queslion of J^iU^^ T^''^ """■^'^"■^ 
 '■■ade Muisi be placed undeHhe ',„!'" > ""' ''"=''^'^' ""« 
 govern commercial intercourse «iTh ilT^'"""" '' "'-l'"".-"/ 
 , Captain Krsid„e-of H iU "%'"'"S» com.tries." ^ 
 J'U more good than all wl.o 'luTi ^^^1'' "''"' '"•«''»'''y 
 ubsequcnly vi.ited tl.e.e i.lant '"'"'"":'>•' «'' "'"' ''"'e 
 
 lort Jackson. M'lufe „.ere, iJa hi, of "'"''' '■«""«"' <" 
 l^een comnntted at llie l^ijis, 1 e di ' a ?r, l t" """'"-" ''""'"S 
 -n H. M. Schooner liratnble to tni'ke jt'^.^^"-'""''"'"'- I'olla.d 
 ioliown.g ,s a oriel- account of the .flfi?.'""""'S'''"°»- '^'I'e 
 
 ^|e^-^;;^:r;i:;::?;fc--esidi„gatxak„,au 
 
 ^-liery at the nonhem end of New r W ? "'>" '"' '' ^'-'^P^ng 
 saves were oouvejed in two 8idnev v "'; '^^'''^''' ^^'^ 
 wereeomraenced and conducted ''S t^"''"\ ^]>enuions 
 the nghts of the natives oi tiie fv/ V'^V^^'"''^ ^^''^''^^gnrd of 
 -^;ue The natives seized one o^ tlu ''^ }"'' --^ the 
 wluch had on board at the ii^X^J^f'-^ ''^'^^^■~' 
 ho.^'age.and native wonu^i^ orcfb^T,^'''^^ ^ief. as a 
 
 ^^--assaered. Fuxgerald, leav n ' In^ ^ ^^^^'"^ , ^^'^« ^'''^^v was 
 a ^mall stock of ^nnJut^^^^^J^^^i;- ^'''"^^ ^"■'"' ^^'^^ 
 American man of color, escaped to SM^'''''"'I''^^"^« «^"^^» 
 ^J'<^i^>ench bishop who was t hi . '^'- ^^^^^-^q"ent]v 
 ^emptatestabii.hin,a3ii..i.^^;- 7 in. - -con^ 
 "I the remainder ot the t.ariy . a • ^'^'"''""'»' '"'"^vard- 
 Aneueum one of the Fijian. ,Wio "^"V^'^^'^""' While on 
 
 doubted, nn.de an attack iponUfcjfr "^ '^" ^''"« ^^a. 
 '^^ Carxain Paddon. The i wJ "f '^^''^'^'"'"» i» ^'^^ eniploy 
 
 ;;nl.appy F,|ian, kiiled and ate ^i "t^' '^''"^ "^^^ ''^« 
 ^^7,^ afterwards forwarded to Si ney bt p"7r'"'^-'^ «^' ^^ 
 
 0/ Captain Paddon, Captain P? ^ ^'''^^"• 
 ^nost honorable of the ^andluwood tr;];i " '? .'^ ""^ ^^ ^'^^ 
 
 ^ i^»iauj>; a dubious compli. 
 
 
9 
 
 the 
 
 
 ment. He is about as honorable, I supposp, as a Rnmseller: 
 Primus inter pares, ^vho are all rolt'ier; and nmrdf'rejv. — 
 Who cursed the Chinese with opium ? Paddon. Who perpe- 
 tuated idolatry among them by isending them sandidwood to 
 burn ins^ence to their idols ? He did. Who tired upon the 
 natives of Mure ? The same. " And Brutus is an honorable 
 man." 
 
 " Captain Paddon and all the traders," say the Tanese, 
 " tell us that the worship is the cause of all our sickness and 
 death, and they all say that they will not tiade with us, and 
 give us plenty of pipes and tobacco, powder, balls and caps, 
 till we kill Missi, (Mv. Paton) and after that they will send a 
 trader to live at his house among us, and give us plenty." 
 
 Previous to engaging in the sandalwood trade he carried 
 on a traUlc in opium, in a small brig called the Brigand, of 
 which he was master and owner. In the same vessel he 
 commenced the sandalwood trade. In 184;3, while search- 
 ing for this coveted article, a bloody encounter ensued between 
 his crew and the natives of Mare. Seventeen of his crew 
 were killed ;uid several wounded. The number slain on the 
 other side is not mentioned. This was the beginning of his 
 career in these waters. Nothing daunted, he determined to 
 gain a permanent footing on some convenient island. On 
 account o( the "ancorage, and the peaceable dis[)osition of 
 the natives" he obtained an amicable settlement on Aneiteum. 
 Since that period he has become one of the sandalwood 
 merchant princes of the Pacific. In Justice to Captain 
 Paildon, howevei-, it must be said that it does not appear he 
 wantonly took (he lives of natives as some in the same trade 
 have done. In an ailldavit made by him in reference to this 
 disastrous affray, he stated before the su[)erintendent of 
 Norfolk Island, that so soon as he had cleared the ship of the 
 assailants "he endeavored to stop the firing for the sake of 
 the people on shore, and (that) tlius not more than six 
 musket shots, and no long gun were lired after them." 
 
 Another occurrence which caused much excitement took 
 place at the Isle of Pines, in LS'jO. Mr. Lewis, ihe superin- 
 tendent of Mr. Towns, was employed in collecting wood on 
 Mare, in the cutter Will-o'-the-Wisp. On bemg informed 
 
10 
 
 that tlie poo[)le of a district to the southward — where were 
 rival ti'dders — had formed a plan for (:a[)tiiring hi.s vessel, lie 
 armed his men and proceeded to the spot. Alas! tliree 
 unsuspecting natives, armed with their cluhs as was their 
 custom, on swimming off were shot. This deed done, Lewis, 
 chuckling very likely over his prowess, immediately sailed off. 
 But, for the murder of tliese inoffensive men he was 
 afterwards brought to trial in a Couii of Justice (?) in New 
 South Wales. The Chief Justice made a strong charge, but 
 there was no redress for savages. The Jury acquitted the 
 ignoble assassin. Subsequently, in retaliation, Towns had a 
 cutter ca])tured. and his crew cut off at Mare. Saguinary 
 trade! Foreigners may wantonly murder natives with 
 impunity, but let not a savage dare to take the life of a 
 European, under any circumstances. 
 
 JJ^'i^ f'loop-of-war Falmouth arrived at Ovolaw, one of the 
 Fijis, in jMarch, .1851. A few months previous John Forster, 
 a Scotchman, and claiming the protection of the U. S. 
 Consular AgtMit, Mr. Williams had been killed by natives, in 
 revenge, it was said, for the massacre of some of their 
 number by Tiiakanauto. Thr man who struck the fatal blow 
 was tried by a court of six officers of the Falmouth, found 
 guilty and executed. Williams was prosecutor, and Mr. 
 Calvert, Missionary, interpreter and counsel for the prisoner. 
 Mr. C. ex[)ressed his conviction that the proceedings were 
 conclucted with great care and deliberation, and an evident 
 desire to save the man's life, had justice permitted. 
 
 riitheito, however, it does not appear that a savage ever 
 got any redress in a British Court. Captain Erskine removed 
 Stevens from Tana. " I was desirous," he says, " of show- 
 ing to the vagraiu English, who, when among these islands, 
 fancy themselves above all restraint, that offences wantonly 
 committed here were i)unishable by our own laws; and altho' 
 in this case it was not probable that any evidence could be 
 procured which would weigh with a Sidney Jury, even in the 
 doubtful case of their considering the murder of a savage a 
 blamable action, yet the inconvenience the culprit would be 
 put to by his removal might operate in some degree as a check 
 
 w 
 
 ^^:\\ 
 
-^M 
 
 11 
 
 upon otlierj!. if it were understood that our domiciliaiy visits 
 were to be annually repeated." 
 
 Tlie cruise of Captain Er-^kine among these islands was 
 made in the year 1849 and 18'>0. On one occasion he says 
 he had a long conversation with a Mr. Rodd, superintendent 
 of Paddon's establishment, and adds, " the principal topic 
 was, of course, the state of the sandalwood trade, and the 
 history of the many affrays which had occurred betwen the 
 natives and the crews of tlie vessels." In one of these Rodd 
 had lost an eye and a hand, and very nearly his life. He 
 became acquainted with these islands in 1840, at which 
 period he was on board the brig Camden, in the service of 
 the London Missionary Society lie was present when the 
 first Samoan teachers were landed on the isle of Pines. A 
 seaman on board the Camden, detected two or three billets of 
 sandalwood in a supply brought off for the vessel. He was 
 aw}i,re of its commercial valu(N and concealed his knowledge 
 from the rest of the crew. On reaching Sidney he showed 
 the billets, which he had carefully preserved, to some 
 merchants of that place. His secrecy was purchased, and 
 two vessels were immediately dispatched to the island, which 
 it was said made profitable voyages to China. That this 
 island produced the precious commodity was soon no longer a 
 secret. Vessels flocked thither. The usual feuds ensued 
 which issued in the greater demoralization of the heathen and 
 in the death of several. The brig Star, in 1840, of Tahiti, 
 was seized by 30 natives, and the crew, together with some 
 Samoan teachers, were murdered and afterwards eaten. 
 
 On arriving at Tana, Capla'.n E., sent a boat ashore to 
 reconnoitre. On returning, the crew brought with them the 
 superintendent of a sandalwood establishment, Leonard Cory, 
 an Englishman. At that time the relations between the 
 natives and Europeans were of a friendly character. Cory 
 had property there to the value of £G00. He received ia 
 exchange for his articles, wood and pigs. The pigs were 
 shipped to Eronianga, and given for sandalwood. His 
 testimony was that during the period he had been there, 10 
 month;-', he had not had anything stolen from him. His 
 stock consisted of rod and bar iron, axes, muskets, powder, 
 
 I 
 
12 
 
 tobacco and blue beads. Foreigners have made the poor 
 Tanese " two-fohl more the children of hell than them.>^elves." 
 Under date Oct. llth, ISGT, Rev Mr. Patton writes thus : — 
 
 " Pel haps he durst not come asliore, * * * Capt. 
 Anderson had a quarrel with the natives of Wagusi, and he 
 tolfi me his mate shot a man for stealing a musket ; but two 
 Tana women on board his vessel informed our people that he 
 had stolen them, the two women who were sent to trade with 
 Ids boat, and when their friends offered to rescue them they 
 shot two men, and kept firing at the others till tliey were out 
 of reach. One of the men wbo was shot and cut to pieces by 
 the axes of the Captain's (Murray) men, in his boat was a 
 chief sitting as a hostage wiiile his people were tradin<r. — 
 When the Belgium gentlemen were here, a ITobartown 
 whaler called here, had a white woman on board, and purchas- 
 ed, and took away three Tana women, and decoyed 12 young 
 men to sleep on board all night, who found themselves far out 
 at sea next morning." 
 
 On Tana at that time, the forces of Kaiassi, a ch!e'', were 
 led to battle by an Englishman named Stephens. Stephens 
 liad a musket, and knew how to usp it. •' The conduct of 
 these reckless men," says Capt. Erskine, " and of the undisci- 
 plined crews of vessels, who, always permitted to carry arms, 
 cannot be restricted in the use of them, has rendered, in many 
 cases, the trade in .sandalwood * * * little better than 
 plundering expeditions carried on with extreme distrust on 
 either side, and accom[)anied with no inconsiderable loss of 
 life." 
 
 The narrative of flacjkson, who during a period extending 
 over ten years, had a temporary residence on different islands, 
 is ([uite interesting, and parts of it thrilling. His perils and 
 exploits, however, eamiot be narrated in this tract; nor can 
 anything be said about a notoriou-; character, generally known 
 by the significant title " Cannibal Charley." Bui ere closing 
 this brief account of the trade and traders in sandalwood, 
 mention should be made of 
 
 eromanga's wuonos. 
 These, for the most part, still remain unredressed. This 
 
 I 
 
13 
 
 N!^ 
 
 Uland. perhaps more than any other, has suffered from the 
 outrages of Europeans, and experienced the evil resuUs of the 
 accursed trade in sandalwood. The first white man, proba- 
 bly, the Eromangans ever saw, left their shores, leav- 
 ing a most unfavorable impiession behind him. This was 
 Capt. Cook. He called there in 1774. While looking for a 
 suitable landing place, he kept off about a mile from the shore. 
 The natives kept making signals for them to come nearer. — 
 On approaching, and handing them a few presents, they were 
 eagerly received. They wished to take his boat to land for 
 him, over the breakers, Ijut he refused their offer. Then they 
 directed the '• papalangi" — heavenly foreigners — to go round 
 to a more convenient landing place. At this interview he re- 
 ceived from them a green branch. As directed he went round 
 to the spot pointed out, and landed, bearing in his hand the 
 branch, to nidicate his peaceful intentions. He says they re- 
 ceived him with great courtesy and poli^iMiess, and that they 
 gave him yams, cocoa-nuts and water. He observed one in- 
 fluential personage exerting himself in preserving decorum 
 among the natives assembled. The Captam, after spending 
 some time on shore, suspected he saw signs of mischief, and 
 returned to his boat. When about embarking, some of them 
 took up a board used as a gang-way, with the intention, as he 
 thought, of stealing it, — but may they not have done so on ac- 
 count of their unwillingness to i)art with the '• papalangi ?" — 
 and they took also two oars out of the hands of the crew. — 
 Cook presented a musket. The board was returned ; but they 
 then attempted to detain the boat, and began to haul it ashore. 
 The Cai)tain took aim at the ringleader, but his gun missed 
 fire. The natives threw stones and darts. Cook orders a ge- 
 neral discharge to be fired. It is done, and the natives are 
 in confusion. A second volley and four are stretched on the 
 beach. The rest escape for their lives. Well, as if the dead 
 and the dying were too few, while sailing away, the oars were 
 held up to his view on a rocky point, and " I was prevailed 
 on" he adds " to fire a 4 pound shot at them, to let them see 
 the effect of our great guns !" This shot frightened them so 
 much, that they retreated into the interior of the island, leav- 
 ing the oars behind them, and were seen no more. This most 
 
 B 
 
u 
 
 unhappy affray tarni.lies the glory, ifit does not diminish the 
 
 renown of this great navigator. How few or how many of the 
 
 ragic scenes since enacted on that island, may be fairh'traced 
 
 Ihat Wilhamss murder may be traced to it, we doubt not. 
 VVhat marvel that the blind savages should resolve to put to 
 death every white man who should visit their shores? The 
 Lord, hou-ever, in Capt. Cook's case, made good his own de- 
 carat.on Gen ix 6 : " Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man 
 shall his blood be shed," for 5 years afterward, he lost his life 
 m a quarrel with the natives of one of the Sandwich Islands. 
 Whatever may have been the character of the P:romano-ans 
 when visited by Capt Cook, at the time of Capt, ErskTne'd 
 cruise among these islands they were -considered the most 
 barbarous of the New Hebrides." From a Captain Richards 
 . he received some information respecting the mani.er in which 
 the sandalwood trade was carried on with these people. He 
 .^aid the mate of a Sidney vessel had but a few weeks previ- 
 ously boasted to him, that he had shot six men while sailinrr 
 along the coast. Here then, were six inoffensive natives shoL 
 and for what purpose ? 7o spoil the trade on a rival Ano- 
 ther miscreant, for sport for himself, shot a friendly chief. 
 
 m addition to these outrages, natives of this island and of 
 other IS ands had been impressed at different times, and for- 
 cibly taken away to collect sandalwood on other islands.— 
 Methuselah Tae, chief of Tonga, gave the following account 
 of a traiisaction of this kind. His ac( ount was borne out by 
 the testimony of others. ^ 
 
 About December 1842, two vessels under British colors 
 arrived at Tonga They came to raise a party of men to cut 
 wood forcibly on the New Hebrides. A brother of the kin-s 
 agreed with Henry, the leader, to supply CO men. Wh?n 
 ready they embarked in three vessels. On their way they 
 touched at the Fijis to get reinforcements, Thonce thev 
 proceeded to Eromanga. Having- armed themsHves with 
 muskets they landed, and commenced to cut wood. Soon some 
 of their axes were missing and a Tongan shot a susoecled 
 man The fire was returned, and a Tongan fell. Lewvin^ 
 the island after this feud, they next made a descent upon Vate° 
 
 \l0k 
 
 m 
 
15 
 
 and with similar results. The Vateans felt the inferiority of 
 their own arms inasmuch as they lost in an affray iiS men but 
 the enemy none. They fled to a cave. The enemy pursued 
 and fired mto it. Was that revenge enough ? No : they then 
 pulled down houses, piled the materials at the mouth of the 
 cave, set the pile on fire, and suffocated the wretched prison- 
 ers. Have not such sores festered in the dark, diseased souls 
 of these benighted heathen ? Time slowly heals wounds like 
 these. Then, again, they were kept cutting wood some days 
 longer than had been stipulated. Four Eroman-aos we.-e 
 with them, when they returned to Tonga, and smafl would be 
 then- prospect of ever having an opportunity ofreturnin^r to 
 their native hind. ° 
 
 Eighty and eight years have glided away since Cnptain 
 Cook s visit to Eromnnga, and since that period its history 
 has been wi-itten in blood and tears. Sandalwood on difl^'er- 
 ent occasions was taken from that island, lit(>railv besmeared 
 with (he blood of its inhabitants. Thirty three years have 
 elapsed since traders began to go there for wood, and they 
 were determined to get it even at the price of blood. These 
 are specimens of the deeds of darkness ana violence commit- 
 ted by foreigners destitute alike of rhe fear of God and of the 
 generous impulses of humanity. The gospel alone can erase 
 the impressions left on the mind of* the savage by unirodly 
 men- It alone can soothe his irritated fe^^lings, and calm 
 his angry passions. It alcne will be a redress for every 
 Avrong. But, what of those who have already gone down to 
 cheerless, hopeless tombs, unblessed, unsaved, ancl with a keen 
 sense of their wrongs and oppressions rankling in their 
 lacerated souls ? Alas ! there is naught of good in unavailin<^ 
 regrets. The poor savage! Tho' unable to discriminate 
 between the [)recioiis and the vile, or to ai)preciat« aright the 
 favor of the good, he knew what it was to writhe under the 
 lash of oppression and violence. But they have thrust away 
 the hands which were endeavoring to pour into their wounded 
 spirits the healing balm. The thirsty ground has drunk alike 
 native and foreign blood ; and now in the land of silence 
 mingles dust dear to God and the ashes of the unblest savacre. 
 Let us hasten to make the best reparation in our power ?br 
 
16 
 
 injiirios we have not done. The slain are now beyond the 
 reach of mercy's voice, or affection's kind solicitude. At the 
 living, then, live Cliristians, grasp, and strive to snatch them 
 from the jaws of the gaping lion,aiid the yawning month of hell. 
 'Tis alarming to think ot the un-numbered hosts who have 
 perished without vision. Not one cheering ray ever glcam.s 
 through the gloom of the impassable gulf ; and the shadow 
 of that impenetrable darkness in which they lie enshrouded 
 remains for ever unpierced by the beams of hope. 
 
d the 
 Vt the 
 
 them 
 f hell. 
 
 have 
 loams 
 ladow 
 ouded 
 
 ^