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Jf 2r Th^B^, ^JiiiA/r it/iAruni n. • ' ri 7/ ..„,,■!' 77,,- l{u',-rHy>"u- th m^t>t/tw/^r.:v 1^ wd,u^t.'m . i?it^Z^.'•^7/7.'/.^v■.^.//:^///-//V4^:.>J•y-f^•^'••'■•■"•'■• ' riu Jtu'^rJliu-: ^iirhudijj tliuJincun.. ' ^T/u . h'i'iii.-k X .■/fM-utjaJ ^ ifVuu-.-nt '/uiniu iruia f. M / V ' -> ■■-"-:' ,1 • i,<'-' ^ i ; - / ■ "S / ' • ■■. .-,.> ■rt-^" f rTT^wn n ^^^^- ^*^ j>og' iST Mr. J OUT EL'S JOURNAL OF HIS V O YAG E m. E i^i c : His Travels Eight hundred Leagues through Forty Nations of I NDIANS in Lovifiana to Canada : Hit Account of the great River MISSASIFL To i^Mch is Added^ A M A P of that Country ^ with a De- fcription of the great Water-Falls in the River Misouais. Tranflatedfrom ihefteash^ubli/h'd at Paris. I^t^mtm LONDON: Printed for Bbknard Lintot be^ tween the Trnfle-Gates. 1719^ >*>MMri.^< ^■mwMm I 11 I MMMHiiiHMIp^ r -J V-' .'4 .t -■(■; • .If y^rwMMhM { i A [^ ;i u c) T -• I "1 2 1 H i O i a O A Y (.) Y o r * • '7) \ X S IK. V ^^ iion.>l vr»o VUV*MV V •:v,A Ci a i'i /. ill H i j <) ILII n '■ 01 [t 1 <) T 'A U O'J J h aiH .V^UVty^llA loviil »»nr ?i ri:lri';/ oT '•jH n flu •Mi. i;i iViVi-"ri^ // K\^A ^\i '^j^. .V.l j't' 'M ;^'n'j! iS,« ? T .1 U I iVi TjV a l*-*w>4PNH*MlAhv***««M**- w ' £ j .njf aT ^\. I C\\J\^^i\■;[>;liI•i v^x Yv,vv\liVi%V'X r> — I %^^n^ »'>^ J I o T '/i 1 J a ;? A &1 -flf a 'i lol t. .f^l';[I *n\;.0-':': 2ilJ ii^wWJ- » «>IB iil ii i» • * —< K^mmmm- ' IK I >ya;1: t 'M • ' ^ , » # THE Fratcb Bookseller T o T H E R E A iJ E R* THE Mdnufcrift ofthisjournilb^fning $0 fail into m tUnds^ W hsving jffewn it to fitmg Perfons well versed in thej'e AfAtrsj thej were of Ofitiion it deferv^A to be frinted ; ejfecidlly st tm Time^ when Truveti^ drefo much in Requefi^ Mnd in Regard this is, now feafonabiij on Account of the Defer if tion it gives of the famous River Miffifipi and of she Couiitry ^/Louiiianay where it is intended to make great Settlements. Beftdes^ this Re" lation is uncommon^ curious and ingaging^ both in Regard to the Honour and Jdvan* A .2 tagi^ , fci I** '^ ^t mi mk i. X; ' [ii] tdge of the Ndtioftf for ss much ds it eotttdsns the Attemfts dt$d thi Md snd glorious Vti» dertdkiftgs of our¥rcnchAdveuturerSf who not fdtisfed^ like others^ with dif covering tht Borders dnd Cosfis of unknown Countries^ fro» ceed to fenetrdte into the InUnd^ throngh d thoufdnd Dsngers dnd Hdzdrds of their Lives. Is it not very commenddble in them^ to mdke us fuUy dcqudinted with thdt gredt rentdining Pdrt of the IVorldf which for fo mdny Jges continued unknown to our Forefdthers^ till dbout two hundred Tedrs dgo Chrillopher Co- lumbus difcover^d it^ dnd Afnericus Vefpu- fius going over foon ufter^ gdve it his Ndme^ tdufing it to he cdltd America ? One ofthofe whom I defired to ferufe this Mdnufcrift^ hds d little folifif^d if, furfudnt to the Orders I received 'y and he bdving,been d confiderdhle TrdveUer^ wds a proper Perfin to judge of and put if into a Drefsft to appear in publtci. The Letter he writ to me Joeing not only inJlruiHv^^ in Relation to the Journal^ but ofVfe as a curious Supplement to it^ I thought the in* ferting of it would be acceptable. It is as follows. 'M SIR, %.».•■' W : 1^ . 'i. ^ [iii] SIR, Return you your Manufcript ; the Reading of ic has reviv'd the Satisfa- 3ion I once took in my Travels ; ic jhas obligM me to read over again thofe. [of feveral Perfons, who have writ of Cdfta- \dd^ an4 carry*d me in Imagination through [thpfe vaft, barbarous and unknown CouYi- :ries, with much more £a(e and lefs Dan* ser than was done by the Hero of this Lelation. He certainly defer ves that hp- lourable Title, and having read his Ad- rentures, t could not forbear faying with ^hePoet W rohr & df triple:; Circd PeS^us erdf. For what an extraordinary Strength, hat a Vigour of Body and Mind was re- ^uifite for him to proje6t, to undertake tnd to go thro* with io unufual, fo bold nd lb difficult an Enterprize; A Difco- ery of above eight hundred Leagues of arbarous and unknown Countries, with- ut any beaten Roads, without Towns, nd Without any of thofe Conveniencies, hlcf^ fender Travelling more eafy in all B J other .c-*.' [iv] Other Parts. All the Land-Carriage is re- ' ducM to walking afoot ; being often with- out any other Shoes but a Piece of a Bul- lock's Hide wrappM about the Feet ; car- rying a Firelock, a Snapfack; Tools and feme Commodities to barter with the Na- tives. It is true that accidentally and but very rarely a Horfe is found to help out a little. If they nmfl: venture upon the Water, there are only fome wretched Canoes, made either oi the Barks of Trees or of Bul- locks Hides, and thofe they muft often carry or drag along the Land, when the Falls of the Rivers obftruQ: making ufe of them. All the Bed is lying on the bare Ground, expofed to the Inclemencies of the Air, to be devour^ by Alligators and bit by Rattle Snakes ; without Bread, Wine, Salt and all other Comforts of Life, and this for fome Years. The Diet alto- gether coniifts in a poor fz,f. or Hafty-Pud- ding made of the Meal of Indian Corn, Fi n half broil'd or ill boil'd, and fome Beef or wild Goats Flefli, dry'd in the Air and Smoke. Be/Ides, what a Trouble is it to invent Signs to be i;inder(lood by fo many feveral Nations, each of which has ,it's peculiar Language ? All this an Ad- venturer miufl: relblve withhimfelfto^oii through, who defigns to make Difcoveries^ in Canada ^ and it would be hard to believe this m^ u Tiage isre- often wiih- ce of a Bul- t Feet ; car- ;^ Tools and ith the Na- lUy and but help out a the Water, led CanoeSy les or of Bul- muft often , when the laking ufe of on the bare ilemencies of iligators and lout Bread, forts of Life, le Dietalto- Hafty-Pud- ndian Corn, and fome din the Air L Trouble is rftood by fo f which has this an Ad- limfelfto^o ! Difcoveries rd to believe this wfef'*. [ V ] this, did not all thofe whowriteofitex- aftiy agree in this Particular. However that Country is good and pleafant, at leaft towards the South, which is what is here fpoken of. The Tempara- ture of the Climate is admirable, the Soil f excellent for Tillage, and it is extraordina- ry fertil in all Sorts of Grain and Fruit ; which appears by thofe the Land produces of it felf in great Plenty. The Hills and Woods produce Timber for all Ufes and Frui( Trees, as well of cold as hot Coun- tries. There are Vines which want but ittle Improvement; there arc Sugar- anes, large Meadows, and navigable Ri- ersfullof Filh. It is true thev are in* efted with Alligators, but with a little arethey areto oe avoided ; as may the attle-SnakeSj which are extraordinary enomous, but never bite unlefs they aie urt. There are thoufands of wild Bul- ocks, larger than ours, their FleOi good, nd inftead of Hair, they have a Sort of url'd Wool extraordinary fine. There are bundance of Deer, wild Goats and all orts of wild Fowl, and more efpecially f Turkeys. As there are Poifons and Ve- oms. fo there are immediate and won- derful Antidotes. We muft not look there for riqb aiod ftately Cities, or lofty $trud:ures, or any of thofe Wonders of Archite9;ure, or the Re- A 4 caains^ jf ^ [vi] STiainsand ancient Monuments of the Va- nity of great Men ; but we may there ad- mire Nature iti its beautiful Simplicity, as it came from the Hands of its Creator ; without having been alterM or depraved by Ambition or Art. But is fo vaft and fo beautiful a Coun- try only for Beafts, Birds andFiflies/0 inconceiveable Wonder ! There is an in- finite Number of People, divided into Na- tions, living in Cottages made of the Barks of Trees, or cover'd withReeidsor Hides, ■when they are not abroad at War, or Hunt- ing, or Fifhing, almoft naked, without i any other Bed but a Bullock's Hide, or any Houlhold-StufF but a Pot or Kettle, an A3^e and fbme Platters made of Bark. They tak? their Suftenance, as it comes in v their Way, and like the Beads j they have no Care, do not value Wealth, (ing, dance, fmoke, eat, ileep, hunt, fi(h ; are indepen- > ^ant, make War, and when an Op|portu-:^ nity offers, take Revenge of any Injury in | the moft cruel Manner they are able. Such is the Life of thofe Savages. Tho' there be fome in the Southern Parts, not quite fo Aupid and brutal as thofe in the North, yet they are both Savages, who think of Nothing but what is prefent, love No- thing but what is obvious to the Senfes, incapable of comprehending any Thing ihat is Spiritual; fliarp and ingenious in - what \iik ■ [vii ] rhat is for th? own Advantage, without my Senfe of Hoiiour or Humanity ; horri- bly cruel, perfeftly united among them- ■jWes to their Nation and their Allies ; but avengeful and mercilefs towards their £• ;mies. To conclude, their Shape, tho* [ideous, fhews they are Men ; but their renins and Manners render them like the rorft ofBeafts. ---^ A modern Author, who has liv'd in Uftaddy and in other Refpefls has writ rcU enough, has perhas fancy'd, he might liftinguim himfelf, and be thought more fnderftanding than other Men in difcove- ig the Genius of thofe People, by affign- ig more Ingenuity and Penetration to le Savages, than is generally allowed [hem. Hs fometimes makes them to argue >o ftrongly and too fubtilely againfl: the lyfteries of Chridian Religion , and his .elation has given juft OccaGon to fufpefl:^ |hatheis himfelf the Libertine and Talk- ing Savage, to whom he has given the irtful Malignity of his Notions and Ar- guments. As for the Genius of the Savages, I am »f Opinion, we ought to believe the Mif- loners ; tor they are not lefs capable than )ther Men to difcover the Truth, and they lave at.leafl as much Probity to make it [nown* It is likely, that they, who have ffor an hundred Years paft, wholly apply'd them- r:- La Hon- tan*j fof' ged Dif- ' courfe with a St" vagc, vohcrein be renders himfdf riiiculowi f. ) N" 9rues of Canada kntuh ^ k [ viii ] themfelves, according to the Duty of their Funftion, to ftudy thafe poor Images of Men, fhould not be acquainted with i^ them ? Or would not their Confcience have check'd them, had they told a Lye in that Paiticular ? Now all the Miflion- ers agree, that allowing there are fome Barbarians lefs wicked and brutal than the reft ; yet there are none good, nor thoroughly capable of fuch Things as are above the Reach of our Senfes; and that whatfoever thejr are, there is no relying ^ ^i' on them ; there is always caufe to fuipett them, and in fhort, before a Savage can be made a Chriftiad, it is requifiteto make! him a Man ; and we look upon thofe Sa- vages as Men, who have neither King nor Law, and what is moft deplorable, no God \ for if we rightly examme their Sentiments and their Ad^ions, it does not appear that they have any Sort of Religi- on, or well form'd Notion of a Deity. If feme of them, upon certain Occafions, do fometimes own a Firft or Sovereign Being, or do pay fome Veneration to the Sun. As to the firft Article, they deliver themfelves in fuch a confufe Manner, and with fo many Contradictions and Ei^travagancies, that it plainly appears, they neither know nor believe anything of it ; and as for the fecond, it is only a bare Cudom, withoujt any ferious Refledion on their Part. A n t A miferable Nation, more void of the aght of Heaven, and even that of Nature, fo many other Nations in the Eafi itesj who, tho' brutal and flupid as to le Knowledge of the Deity, yet arc not without fome Sort of Worfhip, and have leir Hermits and Fdkirs who endeavour \y the Pra^ice of horrid Penances, to gain Favour of that Godhead, and thereby lew they have fome real Notion of it, Tothing of thit Sort is to be found among )ur Ammcan Savages, and in Conclufiony may be fatd of them in General, that ley are a People without a God. Our French^ who are born in Cattad'^ l\ of them well fhap'd, and Men of ^cnfe id Worth, cannot endure to have their kvages thus run down. They affirm they |re Uke other Men, and only want £du- fation and being improvM; but beOdes ihat we may believe they fay fo to fave (he Honour of their Country, we advance lothing here but what is grounded on the \eport of many able and worthy Perfons, 'ho have writ of it, after being well in- formed on the Spot. We are therefore apt believe, that there is a Diftindion to be lade at preCent between two Sorts of Sa- vages in Cafiada^ viz, thofe who have been converfant among the Europeans for [ixty or eighty Years paft, and tne others who are daily difcover'd ^ and it is of the latter that -) w C X ] that we fpeak here more particularly, and CO whom :we aflign all thofe odioys and wretched Qualities of the Savages of iVor/A ' jimerica; for it is well known i that the firft Sort of them, as for Inftance, the Hu' roffs, the AlgonquinSi the Iroquois^ the Ifli' mis and perhaps (bme others are now pret- ty well civiliz'd, fo that their Reafbn be- gins to clear up, and they may become c^« pable of Inftruftion. Amazing and incomprehendble, but at the fame Time adorable Difpofition of Di- vine Providence ! We fee here a vaft Trad of the Earth, of an immenfe Extent, of a wonderful Soil for Tillage and Fertility in all Sorts of Fruit and Grain ; of an aami- rable Temperature as to the Ai^ which ► , appears by the very numerous Inhabitants Deing fcarce fubje£t to any Difeafes, and in that theSex,which among us isweak,is there jrrjwgrfl. Strong and Vigorous, bringing forth their Children with little or no Fain, and fuck^ ^\": ling them amidft Labour and Fatigues, without any of thofe Miferies they are li- > able to in our Countries. Yet that vaft and beautiful Country, defcribM in this . Journal, fo much fevour'd with Worldly Bleflings, has been for fo many Agesde-* ' ; ftitute of the Heavenly. ; The infinite Numbers of People inhabi- ting it are Men, and have fcarce any thing but the Shape; they are God's Creatures, an4 [xi] id. do not fo much as know, much lefs frve him. Thofe who have the Courage. id Boldnefs to travell through the Coun- ties of fuch Savages, and thofe who read Relations of fuCh Travellers, ought ^take Care how they make any rafh Re- tions upon this Point, or pry toodeep- into it ; for they may chance to lofe [emfelves in their Thoughts. The fhor- and the fafefl: Courfe is, infuchCafes^ adore the inconceivable Profoundnels of le Creator's Wifdom ; to give a Check all our Enquiries and Curioficies, with Apoftle's Exclamation, the Depth of Riches both of the Wifdom and l^norvledge lod ! How unfeArchAole sre his Judgments his Ways paft finding out ! And never Gng to return Thanks to his Goodnefs, having fo abundantly fupply'd us with Light and Grace, to conjure him to )art the fame to thofe poor diftrefs'd J- r/V4»j,andthat he who isAlmighty,will of ^feStones makeChildren of JhrahamJThis 'Chriftians are oblig'd inceffantly to ly for, becaufe as Brucifh and Stupid as )feSavages are,they are flill ourBrechren^ ice like us defended from Jdam and )ah,i fHow mucli are we then oblig'd to thofe lid Travellers, who undertake new Dif- iveries, who to the Hazard of their Lives, their own Expencc, and with fuch ex- ' traordinary « |. v n ! i [ xli ] } V traordinary Toils, go to find out for us, not only numerous Oojeds of our Cudofity ana Admiration, which were before un< known to us, but who alfo difcover to us a numerous Kindred, which is not ever the lefs fuch) for having been fb long un. known to us. What if it bs brutal and indocible; it will be the more Meritorious to Labour at Civilizing of and making it capable of receiving the Lights of Reaibn and of Faith. We can never fufficiently ex* prefs our Gratitude to thoie who apply themfelvGs to the making of new Difco* veries; the more Difficulties that attend them, the more we are beholding to thofe who undertake them. Suppoung that Avarice, Ambition, a reliefs Temper, ot a defperate Fortune, are very often the Occafionsoi Aich Undertaking; yet God < who can draw Good out of Evil, makes d\ thofe Paflions fubfervient to his Glory, aiK the Salvation of his £le£b, and if lonf Travels do not commonly make Saints the Travellers, it is their own Faulc However, they at leaft prepare the Wa| to the Sandification of fo many Barbaxi| ans, beating a Road for tlie Miffioner' who go to inftruffc thoie People. Thus a:^ the World is beholden to them ; the Si vages for the Knowledge of God that procurM them ; and we for finding their Means an infinite Number of Peop| befo [ xiii ] sFore unknown, who will join with m in :rving and Glorifying the Creator of the fniverfe. Granting that the faid Travellers arc >t fometimes cxaft, or agree among lemfelves in their Relations, their De- friptions and their Maps ; this muft be an fia voidable Fault in Difcoverers; but ren that is advantageous to the Publick« »ras much as their SucceiTors are excited examine thofe Points moreftridly, to trredy explain and afcertain thofe Mi- ikes. In acknowledgment therefore of the Ser« |ce done us by thofe Illuftrious Adventu* and to make them ibme Sort of [mends ht tlieir $ufFerin|s, let us tranf^ lit their Names toPofierity in our Writ- gs; let us applaud their Anions when le read them, and let us commend their [elations. This here^moft certainly de- ves to be read and commended, for it is furious. Extraordinary and Tragical It alfo, as has been (aid before, ingaging, ac lis Conjun£lure, when there is a Defign making Settlements in thofe Countries, mentions, the Confequence whereof ly be mod Honourable and Advantage- is to the Nation. The Travel thro' that )untij is one of the greatefl: aisd mod full Dimculties that has been perform'd ; le Relation of it being made by an Eye Witnefs .yf' '!'! n C xiv ] V^itnefs, and in a naturaly plain and par- ticular Manner, deferves to be credited ; but being only a Journal, it is not capable of admitting of Ornaments or Embellifh- ments. The Reader will be pleas'd to excufe the Repetition of the fame Words in it, on Account of the ImpofTibility of doing otherwile, and will think it enough that the Barrennefs of the Narration is made Amends for by the Curioiity of the Sub* jeds. I am of Opinion the imall Notes I have added will not be difpleadng, becaufe they explain feme Particulars, which are not very intelligible to fuch as are not usM to read many Travels. After having faid the Good and the Bad of this North Jmericay mentioning the Beauty and Excellency of its Climate and the Brutality of its People, and recited the infinite Hardfhips,thofe who defign to tra- vel muft refolve to undergo, I am of 0- pinion it will be proper to iay.fomething of the late Monfieur dela Saie^ who b the principal Perfon, and as it were, the Hero of this Relation, tho* having been murder- ed by his own Men, he M the unfor^i* nate Vidim ofthe Difcovery here treated of. It is alfo convenient to make known what went before that, which is contained in this Journal, and the prefent happy Confequence of that fatal Enterprize. . Here§ %'"^ Iain and par- be credited ; s not capable r EmbelUfli- te pleasM to I fame Words ipofTibility of nk it enough ationistnade y of the Sub* Imall Notes I iingy becaufe Sy which are sarrnotusM I and the Bad sntioning the Climate and id recited the defign totra- t I am of 0- fomething of , who b the :re, the Hero been murder- the unfor^- here treated^ make known is contained efent happy Enterprize.: Here^ [ere follows what I have of my own >articUlar Knowledge, and by what has >een written. Roherf Caveiier^ commoftly calPd jcmntof lotifteurde U Sdle^ a Native o{ Roaft^ Monfieur [fa good Family, having been educated <*«'*Saie Piety and Learning, went over very roung into Canada and took Delight in ^rade, but more in Projeds of new Dif^ ;overies up the Inland of thoie vad Coun- fries. Intending to fettle there and make fhat his Country, he purchafed an Ha^^ Ktation in the Illand ot Mont-real^ where kasbeen built the fecond Town of C4;74^ flxty Leagues above Quebeck^ which the Capitai» bein^ alfo a Bifhoprick, ' id the Reddence ot the Governor, the itendant and the fupreme Council, 'here are but only thofe two Towns in le Country, befides fome Vil1ages.They re both feaced on the great River of Sr* .aurence^ which coming from the S. W. formM or increafed by the Waters of lye prodigious frefh Water Lakes, run- ^ng out one into another, and through hem it pafTes to run down to difcharge tfelf in the Ocean, at a very fpacious Touth, making Way for' the Ships that lefign to penetrate into Canada. ' lany Difcoveries had been made to Northward, before Monfieur deU a SaUH sCbd- Icr. [ xvi ] Sde^s Time ; becaufe there beidg Fltnty of very good Furs, the Traders o^Que^ beck and Mom^realy by Means of the Ad- venturers call'd Wood-Men^ from their traveling thro' the Woods^tutd penetrated very far up the Country that Way ; but none had advanced far towards the South or South- Weft, beyond Fort Frontensc^ Mfhich is on the Lake Ontario^ the neareft this Way of the five great Lakes. How- ever, upon the Report of the Natives, it was fuppofed, that great and advanta- geous Difcoveries might be made. There had been much Talk of the rich Mines of St. Bdrhdra^ in the Kingdom of Mexico^ and fome were tempted to give them a Vifit. 6'omethlng was known of the famous River Mi^fipi^ which it was fuppofed might fall into the South Sea^ and open a Way to it. Thefe Conjcdures woi!;k- ing upon Monfieur de U Sule^ who being zealous for the Honour of his Nation, de- fign'd to fignalize the French Name, on Account of extraordinary Difcoveries^, beyond all that went before him; he form'd the Defign and refolvM to put it in Execution. He was cer irdniy I'ery fit foric, and fucceeded at the Expenceof bis Life ; for no Man has done fo much in that Way as he did for the Space of < ;v^. . , , twenty I n I '' sidg Plenty krs of •^f- of the Ad- from their I penetrated : Way ; but Is the South t FrontensCf the neareft kes. How- he Natives, ndadvanta- lade. There ich Mines of I oi Mexico^ jive them a the famous as fuppofed y and open ures woi!;k- who being Nation, de- [Name, on 3ifcoveries,. B him; he to put it niy v'ery fit Expence of ne fo much he Space of twenty [ xvii 1 tvv'^nty Years he fpent in that Employ- ment. He was a Man of a regular Be- haviour, of a large Soul, well enough learned, and underilandine in the Mathe- aticks, defkning, bold, undaunted, excerous, inanuating, not to be difcou- ag'd at any Thidg, roady at extricating imfelf out of any Difficulties, no Way pprehcnHve of the sreateH: Fatigues, wonderful fteady in Adverfity, and what as of extraordinary ifffe, well enough erfed in feveral Savage Languages. M* e U Sdle having fuch extraordinary Ta- ints, whereof he had given fumcient roofs uponi feveral Occauons, gain'd the (teem of the Governors of Canada ; and cSiturs de Ccf/rceileSf TalomndLdgFron^ nac fucceflively exprefs'd the fame, by Teen employing him in Affairs for the bnour and Advantage of the Colony. The Government ot the Fprt oiFronte' /, ^aU l4r, which is the Place far theft ad vanc'd P'tfnm^ mong the Savages, was committed to tf^'L jm, and he gomg over mto France^ in nac. eYear 1675, the King made him Pro- ietor of it, upon Condition he fhould tt it into a better Condition than it was, fhich he did, as foon as rcturn'd to O- da. Then came back again to Paris^ 11 of the new Informations he had gain'd nching the River Af/;j55f?p/, the Country ,t. ■'« a 2 It iMi [ xviii ] XVlll runs through, the Mines, efpeciallv thofe "! ffis ^pU' ution makes E- nernies* of Lead and Copper, the navigable Ri- vers, and the Trade that might be car- tied on of Furs and the fine Wooll of thofe wild Bullocks, whereof there are infinite Numbers in the Forefts. Being alio furnifh'd with better Accounts of that Country, than the Fables that were then publlfh'd, by the Name of a Voy- age of the Sieur Joliet^ he was well re- ceiv'd at Court, and difpatch'd with the neceffary Orders for proceeding on his Difcoveries. The great Reputation Monfieur de U Sale had gain'd, and his mighty Projeas, occafion'd a Jealoufy in fomeand Envy in others. His own Countrymen thwar- ted his Defigns; but he furmounted all thofe Obilacles and returnM into Canadg^ about the Year 1678, with the Chevalier Tonty^ an Italian Gentleman, a Perfon of Worth and that had fervM, whom he gain'd to his Enterprize. He alfo pickM up m the Country forty or fifty Perfons fit for that Expedition, and among them were three Recolets, whom he carry'd over to try what might be done as to Chriftianity among the Savages ; he was well acquainted with, and had a juft Efteem for the Virtue, the Capacity and the Zeal of thofe good; religious Men, who i.-^-p^ m ^ :Ial1y thoie { /igaole Ri- ^ht be car- e Woollof f there are lis. Being Accounts of 5 that were 1 of a Voy- ^as well re- 'd with the ding on his nfieur de U ity ProjeCls, le and Envy menthwar- tnounted all nto Canadg^ le Chevalier a Perfon of , whom he e alfo pickM fifty Perfons mong them he carryM done as to vages f he id had a jufi Capacity and gious Men, who who alone firft undertook the Miflion into that new World, and who being ^conded by others, have carryM it on' -^here,with to much Edification. ^ Monfieur de I a Sale having fpent two cars in going and coming, ftill thwart- by thole who envy'd him in the Coun-. y, to fuch a Degree, that had it hot' jeen for an Antidote, hemuft have dy'd Pf Poifon given him by fome Villains, '*ould not order his Affairs and begin his^ xpedition till the Year 1^82. He fee t at length, 'and to the End his Difco- ry of the Miffififi might be cqmpleat, caus'd Father Hennefin^ a Recolet, ith fome others, to travel to the North- Jo«w «/ |ard, that they might find out the 'pf^,^^'"^' urce of that River, and they found it, out the 50th Degree of North Lati- ide. For his own Part, he proceeded the Weft ward and found the River of e Jjiwoisj which he call'd the River of ininoii 'efg/ielajj and following its Courfe, ^'"^* ame into the Miffifipij where the other Tcharges it felf. He then concluded had no more to do, but to run down its Mouth, whether in the South Sea the Gulph oi Mexico. AU along its bnks he found many Savage Nations, Srith whom, by Means of his frcients, e entered into Alliances, and gave the a J Country / '-" ! [ XX ] Country the Name oi Lcuifafia^ to hO" i\dur the Nanje and Mi^mory pf our Au- guft Monarch, in whofc Rpign thpfe Difcoverics were made. At length, the Courfe of the M/]^/?/*/ conveyed Monfieur de U 54/f, to Its Mou,tb§^ as falling jpto the Giilph di Mexico in two Streams, a;rKl he arriv'd there in the Month of Jfril 1.682 or i^%}y for the Dates of^ tt^bfe wl;]^o have writ conpernihg. it, make ei- ther of thpfe Years. He f^ayM therp Ibme Days, to take Oblery^^f, ions find placefome Marks whicljj'h'e inightknt/w" again, wheii he returtfcl', • Being fttif- fied with having foui^d fome rait of what He fought, he reVuiVd the fame Way he h^a gone, arid came again to Quebeck in Ca^fda^ in order to go over to France^ and thence to make a Try a I to find that Mouth pf the M#jf?/i by the Gulf of Mexicoy which he had alrea^, dy difcoverM by the Way of €4/^4^4, and to fecui e it ; for he thought it nuich more advantageous to know it by the Way of the Sea, than to go thither by Land^ becaufe the Voyage through Caftada is much longer and more trouWefome, and can be perform'd but once a Year, whereas by the Way of the Bay of iW^jf- ico it is not longer, but is much more commodious^ and may be performM :'..'". ''"■','■'■ .'in !6^S2 ^;../'^'i • ••• •• r 't a 4 THE 1^ ^u/nn THE -^i ^''^i5 'lU,^^ i via!.,--.: t '>'■>>■ ,t^ PREFACE. - • \ ■ ' fu:: Written by the ' 4 - V -- > Skat deMirC MEL, ■i^;'» Who Methodized this Journal. NOtwithltanding the Ute Monfieur de la SaleV ruinana, to finifh what he had proje^ed his former Voyage^ had not the Trea* fry of his own Men cut him off. This Journal of Monfieur Joutel, where* Monfieur Tonty makes mention in the fk that has been printed of the laji fcoveries in America, Folio 319, has s peculiar^ that it exaUly contains what >ned to Monfieur de la Sale, Day by Dajy thai fatal Voyage ^ fince his Departure hm Rochelle to his Deaths and till the \eturn of his Brother Monfieur Cavelier \e Prieftj Monfieur Cavelier his Nephew^ )e Reverend Father Anaftafius, the Re* \letf and the faid Sieur Joutel, who in frder to return to France, took that long fourney by Land, from the Gulf of Mexi- b to Canada, being a TraSi of above too Leagues^ . Mun^ Iiy;' PREFACE. ' MAny Adventures of all Sorts^ mofl « vhich are Tragic at ^ will fleafe the curioi Reader; and above all he will admire th FroteSiion of Divine Providence^ in Con dueling and Preferving that fmall Con fany throughout thofe vaft Regions , and mong fo many barbarous Nations. ,'^ '" ' We do not here pretend to Criticife ufm the Work of Father Hennepin, or that ij Monfieur Tonty ; but even their own Fi vourers cannot take it illy that this Autk does not fometimes fay as they dot that k plainly delivers what he fawj and that h expofes to publick l^iew all the Truths k was an Eye Witnefs to^ without tnaghifyini -» or inventing. It is never thelefs true^ that they may k all excused as to fome Particulars \ Fatkr Hennepin and Monfieur Tonty may 'ha'vi f'een fome Things^ that did not come to tk Kjioivledge of Monjieur JouIgI ; but there ii a Faif of great Confequence in the HiJ^ot] of Monfieur de la Sale, which mufi not i(| pajs^d over in Silence* It is J that Monfieur Tonty, in his Bool affirms^ that Monfieur de la Sale at lengtlA found the Mouth of the Miffidpi, and Mon- fieur Joutel afferts the contrary^ and faji^ that is fo far from being true^ that durinu fjis lafi Frogrefs towards the Cenis^ whi"^ the faid *Sieur Joutel was with hirhy ad\ M f III' •■'r ? R E F A C E, td never been fart edy Monfieur de la Sale*/ incifd Care was to enquire of aU the AU^ m they f^fs^d throughy where the Miflifi- tvAS^ and could never hear any thing of that this is evidently made out^ becaufe fonfiiuf de la SdAe had found the Afouth [that Rivfty he would infallihly have \tn another Way^ and other Meafures^ and the Jffearances are on this Side , as may feen in this Relation. >»^^vi:'*'> (omvery this wufi be faid in Behalf of mfieur Tonty, that he delivered it upon Report of Monfieur Cavelier the Priefl^ Brother to Monfieur de la Sale ; which vfieur Cavdier might have Reafons to '- out they had dtJcover'*d the Miffifipi, the fame Views as obliged him to con* his Brother^ s Death. low in regard we {hall fee Monfieur de la J, for feme time ranging along the Coajts Torth America, to find out the Mouth It hat River y it will be proper to inform mfe who have not feen his fir ft Vpyage^ and them how it hapned that his Search }v'*d tn vainy and he was obliged to land another Place. ^ After Monfieur de la Sale had difcover^d It vaft Continent y which is a Part of Jorth America, from Canada, by the Way Montreal, going up the River of St. Lurence, then through the Country of tht Iroquois, ■^•V) ')■; PREFACE. Iroquois, the Ifllnois afid others^ aff whim he calPd Louifiana, his Dejign was to Jin A M fiorter and a fafer WAj^toan that he had \ Travelled Ifjf Land. For this Reafon it wasy that having ufon\ his fir ft Dijcovery found the great River\ called by the Barbarians Mimfipi or Me- chafipi, according to Father HennepinJ and to which he gave the NameofColbQtu guej/tng by its Courje that it fell into the Ba)\ ^Mexico, herefoiv^d with himfelf to find etit the Mouth of it, j • » v^ * /; In Jhorty he ran down that River j with more Danger and Toil than can be imagin*dy found it farted into two Streams and followed that which was moft to the Northwardyto the Place where it is loft in the Sea, He took the Latitude that Mouth lay in, and found it was between 28 and 29 Degrees North j as Monfieur Joutlel affirms he heard ^imfay} He left Marks there* returned the JamA Way to Canada and thence into France, well f leafed with his Difcovery^ which would have been very glorious^ had hefucceeded in his fecond Voyage, ^*^^ * But whether he did not take his Meafures right y when he made his Obfervations aflfore^ or whether that River difgorges it felf at a fiat Coafty and only leaves fome inconfiJk* rable Mark of its Channel for fuck as^ hme by Sea \ it is moft certain^ that when he i cami »' PREFACE. fi into the Bdyof Mexico, he fought for [e fitme Mouth in Fain^ during the Space three Weeks ^ and was obliged to go ajbore the xS, W. of the Plaee^ where it redllj ts, '' '-^ ■ Monfieur Tonty^ in his Book ^ FoL 192. Is us^ that he was frefent when Monfieur la Sale took the Latitude of the Mouth of ie Miilinpi, at hisfrft Voyage^ and fays it IS between twenty two and twenty three Df - tees North ; hut that is a Miftake^ neh mu\i he ajpgned either to the Printer ^ Tranfcr therefor in the Map the f aid Mon» tur Tonty has added to his Booky he places \e faid Mouth in about twenty fix De* tees and a Half of North Latitude^ and fere is Reafon to believe he errs in that 9O0 Monfteur Joutel and feme others are of union^ that the Mouth of that Branch tonfieur de la Sale went down^ is in the ^ayofthe Holy Ghofl, and a^ually between ie twenty eighth and twenty ninth Degrees ' North Latitude^ as Monfieur de la Sale mnd it. As for the other Channel^ the ime Sieur Joutel believes it is farther to- urds the S. IV, and about the Shoals they tet with about the 6th of January, i^^^$ \etween the twenty feventh and twenty eighth degrees of North Latitude^ when they were - >i i •i'i i .^ VH PREFACE. failing dlong fhe Cosft of i^e Bay ^Mcxii CO, itni thaf thofe Shouls were the Markl of 4 River dijcktrgiitg it f elf there^ tvhicl they neglect ei to inquire into. If that b{ fo^ Monfieur de la Sale was very near it, and even pajs^d along before both the Mouths^ but unfortunately^ without perceiving then^ which was the main Caufe of his Death an\ the. Ruin of his Enterfrize, - To conclude^ it mujl be granted^ that 4, the Return of that fmaH Number of Perfom, from a Country fo remote and through fo mt- ny Dangers J is a vifible EffeSf of the Di vine Proteifion \ fo it is alfo an EffeSt cj ^ Heavenly Jujlice to have freferv^d thoj\ '' WitnefjeSy and to have brought them Homt inta Monfiuer de la SaleV Country^ to r^ trieve his Reputation^ which had beenfully\ by his Enemies, '^'* Monfieur de la Sale would have been . 1 ken for a Dreamer^ and even for an Jtn p&for ; his Enterprise had been condemn^d^ and his Memory blafted \ but God would not permit the Honour of a Man of fuch fingu- gular Merit to fuffer ; it pleas'* d him to, preferve and bring Home ttnqueftionabk Witneffes^ whoj by W'ord of Mouth and other undoubted Proofs of the notable Difcoveriti made by Monsieur dela Sale, have Hopfk PREFACE. Mouths of his Entmies^ Sftd wadi. ctit Truth of iphdt has been afferted at the \gin/iitfg cf this Difecurfe^ viz, that Mo»^ ur de la Sale only wanted good Fortune t6 \ure him the Title of a great Man and « mned Traveller. Hv. f.'ii'. - •>T t"i u , , ■ --''l U.' A » # in f E.'J ■>1 Advertiiemcnt, to the tritifh Gentry^ Wbereai all Gentlemen ought to fie themreltei \x.\ timet for thofe £mploymeati which naturally fai^ Co their Share, preferable U their PelloMr Subjeila *, ao^ chat they «rho defigo in particular to lerve their PHnct Abroad, are obliged to underftaod the Intereftaaort Pr(' centiona of Foreign Sratei, ai well aa the La»i and Coi} ftitution of their own Country : It has been judg'd ven. ferviceable, by Perfuns of great Experience* to hav the moft celebrated Montleur Wicquetort't Ambaflador^ cranflated into the £ogtilh Tongue, ai beiug the ool' Book that perfectly exhaufts this Matter, little beinj written on the Sub^A by other Natiooi in Comparifo of the Italian!, whofe Books are too defcAlve and ab ftrafted for common Practice. Propofals win fhortly )> gubliftied, for printing the faid Book by Subrcriptioi y the Undertaker Bernard Lintott between the ti Temple-Gatei The Tragedy of Jane Shore, written in Shakefpear Style, by Nicholai Row ffq; at it IsaAedat Che Qgeeo Theatre in the -Hay-Market, pr. if,6d. The Rape of the Lock, an heroick comical Poem, U .^ 5 Canto'i, with 6 Copper Plates, by Mr. Pope. pr. u The Workff of Moofleur de Moliere, tranflated, ia Vols. I2S. printed on fine Paper and new Elziver U\ Cer. The Clergy-m^n*! Recreation, (hewing the Pleafui and Profit of the Art of Gardening. By John Lawreoc , J A.M. Redi^r of Yelvertoft in Northampconfhire, ar | fbmetime Fellow of Clare-Hall in Cambridge* Mifcellaneous Poems and TranflaCions by feven. Hands, particularly, the firtt Book of Scacius his ThelM| cranflated. The Fable of Vertumnus and Pomona, froi the i4ch Book ofOvio's Mecamorphofis. To a yoal Lady ; with the Works of Voiture. On Silence. Toi Author of a Poem enticuled SuccefTio. The Rapel Che Lock. An Ode for Mutlck on St. Cecilia's Ot Windfor Foreft. To the Right honourable George Lanfdown. An EfTay on Cricicifrn. An Epigram Uf Two or Three. AH written by Mr. Pope. \ ( » ) I fie themreltti ht' which naturally faL ■ A K now Subjea. i a.t ™ - . . A jn Sc5uI.j;^l!^lIisT0RiCAL Journal he Lavs andCoi^ I been judg'd ven.;|2 O F T H E pcrience* to hav cUri*i Ambaffadc aB^ m-. ^ ?7rv7» »» »>""8/,»»\o?i BLate Monlieur de la Sales accer, little beio; at io Comparifo: defcAive and iV'U LAST sfals will fhertly \, k by subfcf iptio. « \r r^ V A /^ tr between the ti Wi \ \^ X x\ V-J Cj / . X INTO orth America, V To Diicover the j /-\ iver MISS I SIT I. T the Time when Monlieur de U Sale ft ;, j^f^^ was preparing for his lafl: Voyage into Joutel North America^ I happened to be at f}at /peaks m^ the Place where he and 1 were both born, S^^^!*, ^ng retarn'd from the Army, where I had ^ fv'd fixteen or feventcen Years. [The Reputation gain'd by Moniienr de la SaU^ Greatnefs of his Undertaking! the Natural B Curioiicy (i-.t: chd. li'i 2 Monfieur dc la Sal E*i Second Voyage ^ulf\6^x Curiofity which all Men arc poflcfs'd with; ^^yy^ and my Acquaintance with his Kindred, and^ with feveral of the Inhabitants of that City,^^ who were to bear him Coovpany, ea(ily pre- vail'd with me to make one of the Number, and 1 was admitted as p Voluntier. Oar Rendezvous was appointed at ^•ffc«/,^ where we were to inibark. Melliears Cavelier^' the one Brother, the other Nephew to Men- lieur de la Salty Meffieurs ChedevUUy Tlanttrozjt^l Thibaulty Ory^ fome others and I, repair'd thi- ther in July 1684. Vepmure Monfieur de la Sale having provided all from Ro- Things necefTary for his Voyage, furmounted all the Difficulties laid in his Way by feveral ill- minded Perfons, and received his Orders from Monfieur Armult^ thelntendant at Rachel^ pup faant to thofe he had received from the King, we fail'd on the 24th of Jw/y, 1684, being twenty four Vcflels, four of them for oui Voyage, and the others for the Iflands and Canada, The four VcfTels appointed for Monfieui de la Salens Enterprize, had on Board aboui two hundred and eighty Petfons, including tlit Crews ., of which Number there were one hun-, dred Soldiers, with their Officers, one Talid with his Cfff4/^4 Family, about thirty Volun*! tiers, fome young Women, and the reft hiret People and Workmen of all Sorts, requifice foi making of a Settlement. The firft of the four Vefiels was a Man oi War, caird U Joly^ of about thirty fix or fort] Guns, commanded by Monfieur de Beaujeu, ol which Monfieur df U Sale^ bis Brother ttif P«cft, two Recolet Fryars, Meffieurs I^^i^ m perfons tb^t went. Skips, I»fo NORTH AMERICA. 3 mflTcfs'd with; Kindred, andi of that City, ly, eafily pre- e Number, and; '^ nted at R»cht[ iffieurs Cavelitr^ phew to Men- iUe^ Planterozji-^ I, repair'd thi* ; proTided all furmounted all y by feveral ill- iS Orders from I at Rochelf pur- from the King, ', 1684, bein^ them for oui Lhe Illands and for Monfieu! Board about includipg ttit were onehun ers, one Takl : thirty Volun- the reft hire! ts, reqaiUte fa taville ^nd ChedtviUt^ Pricfts, and I imbark'd. ^uly i6H 'he next was a little Frigate, carrying fix ^^/^""^^ funs, which the King had given to Monfieur |r U Sale^ commanded by two Mafters; a fly boat of about three hundred Tuns Harden, rlonging to the Sieur M^tor^ Merchant at ychel^ commanded by the Sieur jiigron^ and Idea with all the Effefts Monfieur de la Sale id thought necefTary for his Settlement, and a lall Ketch, on which Monfieur de la Salt had ibark'd thirty Tuns of Ammunition, and fome |om modifies defignM for Sante Domingo. All the Fleet, being under the Command of [enfieur ^/e ^e^M/Vv, was order'd to keep to- . fther as farasCtpe Finiflerre^ whence each was follow his own Gourfe ; but this was prevent- by an unexpeded Accident. We were come 45 Degrees 23 Minutes of North Latitude, about 50 Leagues from Rochd^ when the iltfpric of our Ship, the Joly^ on a fudden, >ke fliort, which oblig'd us to ftrike all our BnUfftU ler Sails, and cut all the Rigging the broken '^•^* Ufprit huog by. ~^«very Man reflji^ed on this Accident ac- rdingto his Inclfbacion. Some were of Opi- >n it was a Contrivance ^ and it was debated ^ [Council, Whether we fliould proceed to Por» , f4/, or return to Rochtl^ or Rochfort ; but the i^tumto eter Refolution prevail'd. The other Ships Rocbforct IgnM for the Illands and Canada^ parted from ^,and held on their Courfe. We made back the River of ^tfc^/orf, whither the other fee Vcffels follow'd us, and a Boat was fent to acquaint the Intendant with this Acci« ^nt. The Boat return'd fome Hours after, -ring along a Boltfprit, which was foon fet ia B 2 to ^*... I^Iadera. 4 Monfteur de la S a l e^* Second Voyage v?MM6S4*its Place, and after Mod (ieur ^e /« 54/r had yyy^^ coafcr'd with the Intendant, he left that Place Oil the firft oiJugufi^ 1684. We faird again, fteering W. and by S. and Cape Fi °" ''"® ^^^ °^ ^^® ^^^^ Month weather'd Ca^t fi\i\ciu]' Finifl^^^'t which is in 43 Degrees of North La- titude, without meeting any Thing remarkable, The 1 2th, we were in the Latitude of Lisbon^ ot about 39 Degrees North. The i5th, we were in 35 Degrees, the Latitade of the Stnightt^ and the 20th, difcover'd the Ifland M^m^ wbich is in 32 Degrees,and where Monfieurft Sight of, join'd us again •, and feme Com- Uints being made to Monfr. de la Sale^ by fc- jral private Perfons that were aboard the Fly- ^t, he ordcr'd me to go thither to accorao- ite thofe Differences, which were occafion'd ^ lly by fome Jealoulies among them. [The i6th, we failM by the Id^nd Sombrero^ Sfymhrcto the iSth had hard blowing Weather, which iflitjd, ide ns apprehenfive of a Harracan. The foal leather lafted two Days, during which Time, kept under a main Courfe and loft Sight of other Veflels. ' . \ *• Coancil was call'd aboard oar Ship, the r, toconfider whether we fiiould lie by for others, or hold on our Courfe, and it was rtv'd, that, conlidcring our Water began to fliort, and there were above five Perfons aboard, of which Number Monfr. de U Sale the Surgeon were, we ihould make all the > we could, to reach the firft Port of the I- ' HiffanioU^ being that call'd Port de PaiXj ^ort Peace, which Refolution was according- Jgifter'd. » o? "he 20th, wc difcorer'd the firft Land of . tnioU^ being Cape Samana, lying in 1 9 De- q^^ 5,^ I of North Latitude, and of Longitude 308. mana, 2$th wc (hould have put into Port de Paix^ id been concerted, and it was not only the convenient Place for us to get Refreih- its, bat alfo the Rcfidence of Monfr. de Cuf- lovernor of the Ifland Tortvga^ who knew It Monfr. rfe /4 Se«w, in Thankfgiving for our profperoE^ PafTage. Monfieur de U Sale being fomewhat| recover'd of his Indifpofition, went Alhore wicbl feveral of the Gentlemen of his Retinue, to bui fomcl t Reafons, Mr arther on in the 'ortugn^ which is dt Paix and the pafs'd Cape St. 1 M onthfWe put ibing the Iflaod e of that great m, on the 2711 I fpent 58 Dayj )f Chefde £oii^;^ our little Squa> [leafon could be ous^ and itwii efore obferv'd, o«g the Officeri cm whence our :hor, a Piragut^ from the Place, 3 we were, and we were Fremk :ur de Cujfy m\ ; dt St, Ldurenty 7 NORTH AMERICA. 9 me Rcfrefliments for the Sick, and to find Pjj;;^ eans to fend Notice of his Arrival, to Mef- ^^^i^ urs de St.LaurenttdeCufy and Begon, and fignify them, how much he was concern'd that we d not put into Port de Paix. He writ particu- ^ ' ly to Monfieur de Cvjfy^ to defire he would ►me to him, if poffible, that he might be af- king to him, and take the neceflary Teafurcs for rendring his Enterprize fuccefsful, lat it might prove to the King's Honour and frvice. ?• Jn the mean Time, the Sick fufFcring very ich Aboard the Ships, by Reafon of the Heat, ^d their being too clofe together, the Sol- jrs were put Alhore, on a little Ifland, near ut Gouavis, r aich is the ufual Burial-PIace o£ ' People of the pretended Preformed Reli- m, where they had freih Provifions, and lad baked on Purpofe, diltributed to them. for the Sick, I was crder'd by Monfieur dc iale, to provide a Houfe for them, whither fy were carry'd, with the Surgeons, and fup- ^ j'd with all that was reqaifice for them. ^Some Days after, Monfieur de la Sale fell dan- roofly ill, molfc of his Family were alfo fick. violent Fever, attended with Lightheaded- |fs, broDghc him almofl: to Extremity. The ifture of his Affairs, Want of Money, and the ^eight of a mighty Enterprise, without know- ig whom to trnft with the Execution of it, ^ade him flill more Sick in Mind, than he was his Body, and yet his Patience and Refolution Irmounted all thofe Difficulties. He pitched fpon Monfieur le Ores and me to adt for him, ius*d fome Commodities he had Aboard the »hips to be fold, to raife Money, and through our ■ I :iiii fr, ! Ot Monfieur de la Sal ^s StcofiA VojAga iV0v.26S4 our Care, and the excellent Cooftitation of hii t/^V^^ Body, he recovcr'd Health. Whiift he was in that Condition, two of our Ships, which had been feparated from as on the ¥^Vxh^ iSthofS'^f^/rw^tf^by the ftormy Winds, irriT'd sgJwAs. '*^ ^'^'^ Couavt on the 2d of O^^Ur. The Joy * conceiv'd on Accoant of their Arrival, was mach allay'd by the News they brought of the Lofs of the Ketch, taken by two Sfanifh Piraguas ; and that Lofs was the more grievous, becaufe^ that Veffel was laden with Provilions, Ainmu^^ tiicion, UtenHls and proper Tools for the fetlingl of our new Colonies^ a Mislbrtone which| would not have happenM, had Monfiear ^i| Staujeu put into Port do Paix^ and Mcifieurs ^ tie St. Laurent, de Cuffy^ and Begon who arrived , at the fame Time, to fee Monfieur^f la Sdt did not fpare to lignify as much to him, and to . complain of that Mifbarriage. Monfieur de la Sale being recovered, had fe- veral Conferences with thefe Gentlemen, rela- ting to his Voyage. A Confult of Pilots was called to refolve where we (houM touch before we came upon the Coaft oi Amerita^ and it was refolved to fteer dire£tly for the Weftern Point of the Ifland of Cuba, or for Cafe St. An- tony, diftant about 300 Leagues from Hif- faniola, there to exped the proper Seafon, and ':■ a fair ^ind to enter the Gulph or B^y, which ^ is but Two hundred Leagues over. The next Care was to lay in Store of otber- Proviiions, in the Room of thofe which were loft, and MouHeur de la Sale was the more pref- fing for us to imbark, becaufe mofl: of his Men deierted, or were debauch'd by the Inhabitants of the Place \ and the VeiTel call'd P AimahU, being ... . 'f ■ ■ ■ - - -M M^- Ucoffd Voyage nftitatioa of hit uon, U90 ofoQr from as on the Winds, arriy'd "iBhtr, The Joy Arrival, was brought of the ^anifhPiraguai'y ievous, bccauft^l rilions, Aii)nm.p is for the fetliog| sfortnne which Monfieor dt and Mciliears 9n who arrived »fieur and to ovcr'd, had fe- entlemen, rela- : of Pilots was td touch before mtriiM^ and it r the Weftern n Cdpt St. An' les from Hif- )er Seafon, and )r Bay, which r. Store of otber- fe which were the more pref- fl: of his Men ie Inhabitants 'd PAimMble, . beiog .-i /;;/o NORTH AMERICA. ii ting the worft Sailer of our little Squadron, ^"-[^ wasrefolv'd that Ihould carry the Light, and ^/VX^ ['i others to follow it. Monlieor de la S4/f,Mon- ;dr CMVtlitf his Brother, t'.. Fathers Ztnobrius d Andft4put^ both Rccolets, Monlieur Chtdt- \ll9 and I imbark'd on the faid Aimahlt and all iilM the a 5th of Novembtr, We met with fome Calms, and fomc violent 'inds, which ncverthelcfs carryM us in Sight the lOand of a the firft of December we difcovcr'd the nd Ctffman^ The 2d we fteer'd N, W, and by Caymaa in order to come up with the Ifland of Cubit JfiMi. the Northern Latitude of 20 Degrees 32 Mi- tes* The 3d we difcover*d the little Ifland of ^- ^ ^^ HtSy lying clofe to Cuba, The 4th, we we? Ymti. er'd a Point of that Ifland, and the Wind ' owing (cant, were forc'd to ply upon a Bowl- g, and make feveral Trips till the 5th at ight. When we anchor'd in a Creek, in 1 $ athom Water, and continued there tifl the h. Daring that fliort Stay, Moniieur de la Sale ent Aihore with feveral Gentlemen of hir R^ |tiaue on the Ifland of Pines^ (hot an Alligator ~ead, and returning Aboard, perceivM he had oft two of his Volnntiers, who had wandcrVi into \ Hi ■^^il 12 Monfieur de la S a l eV Second VoyMge rw.1684 into the Woods," and perhaps loft their Way. ^VW; We fired feveral Mufquet Shots to call them, J which they did not hear, and I was orderM to I expedl them afhore, with 30 Mofquetiers to attend me. They return'd the next Morning with much Trouble, -.i. • 1 In the mean Time* our Soldiers, who had 'jmioiiof 6°°^ Stomachs, boiPd and eat the Alligator, S Monfieur de USaU had kill'd.The Flefli of it was white and had a Tafte of Musk, for which Rea- fon I could not eat it. One of our Hunters kiird a wild Swine, which the Inhabitants of thofe Iflands call Mar on. There are of them W'USn'ne '^ * ^^^ Ifland of Santo Domingo^ or HiffanioU^ ' ' they are of the Breed of thofe the SfanUrds kft in the Ifland? when they firft difcover'd them, and ran wild in the Woods. I fent it to Mon- fieur de la Sale^ who prefented the one Half to jMoilfieur ut as big as a [en kiird many I, as they did therewith that the two Men id on the 8ch; of the Blpfled after 'saving ag were forc'd we difcover'd /;*/(? NORTH AMERICA- «? pe Corritftttsfif the Ifland of C«^4 ; where we Dec.1624. re firft becalm'd •, and then followed a ftormy JfOC^ iod, which carried us away five Leagues to corrfen- e Eaftward. The loth we fpenc the Night, tes tndst king feveral Trips. The nth, the Wind Aotooy. ing about, we weather'd Cape Corritrttes^ to ke that of St. jintony *, and at length, after ingaconfiderable Time, and founding, we e to an Anchor the 1 2th,upon good Ground , fifteen Fathom Water, in the Creek form'd that Cape, which is in 22 Degrees of North titudeand 288 Degrees 35 iVlinutes of Lon- ude. [We ftay'd there only till next Day, being the h, when the Wind feem'd to be favourable nter upon the Bay of Mexico. We made and fail'd, (leering N. W, and by N. and ^|i\r. IV, to weather the faid Cape and profe- ^^ our Voyage: But by that Time we were Leagueii from the Place of our Departure, perceiv'd the Wind fliifted upon us, and noc wing which Way the Currents fate, we E, and by N. and held that Coiirie till 14th, when Monlieur de Beaujtu^ who was rd the Joly^ join*d us again, and having fer'd with Monlieur de la Sale about the nd's being contrary, propofed to him tore- n to Cape St. Antony ^ to which Monlieur de 'ale confented, to avoid giving him any Gaufe complain, tho' there was no great Occalion fo doing, and accordingly we went and an- r'd in the Place from whence we came. |The next Day, being the 15th, JVIonfieur de Is Sale fent fome IVIen afliore, to try whether ' could fill fome Casks with Water. They ought Word, they had found fQjne in the Wood, -> 7 m ^4 Mortfieur de la Sal eV 5rfw.i684 Wood, which was not much amifs, but that yy^^^*^ there was no Conveniency for rowling of the Casks ', for which Rea(bn Randlets were fent, and as much Water brought in them, as filVd fix or feven of our Water Casks. The fame Men reported, that they had foand . a glafs Bottle, and in it a little Wiiie, orfoDK other Liquor, almoft dead. This was all the Provifion we found in that Place, by which it Viilials in appears, how much Monflenr TmH was mido- Monfieur form'd, fince in his Book, /»4f. ^42, he fays, JJ°"J[jJ ^r we found in that Ifland feveralTun of 5/)4»i]» ttiiVopge, Wine, good Brandy and /»e/, and afterwards turn'd to a tertian Ague, prevented me. Therefore 1 can give no Account of that Ifland, anyfurthei than what I could fee from the Ships, whid was Abundance of that Sort of Palm-Trees, in French caird Latsniirs^ fit for nothing but making of Brooms, or fcarce any other Ufe. That Day we faw fome Smoaks, far within the "" Ifland, and guefs'd they might be a Signal oi the Kumber of our Ships, or el(e made by fome of the Country Hunters, who had loft thei[ Way. The next Kigbt preceding the 17th, th{ Wind frelhning from the N. W, and ftartiog up all on a fudden* drove the VelTel call'd U Stilt upon her Anchor, fo that fhe came foul oi the Boltfprit of the Aimahlt^ carrying away tht Sprit- 1:1; 'eco/td Voyige amifs, bat that fowling of the | diets were fcnt, n ihcm, as "" I they had found I Wiiie, or form rhis was all the ice, by which it Tonti was mifin. I* i^it he fays, I Tun o{ SfAtif 1 Wheat, whicli >n'd; and it is a ling of Truth. ; ftill Calm, th( ivc or fix mort gone with them, ;h I firft felt in rds turn'd toi Therefore Icac id, any furthe; e Ships, whid Palm-Trces, in r nothing but any other Ufe. , far within the be a Signal oi (c made by fomt had loft their the i7tb, th( V, and ftarting Veflel caird k Ihe came foul ol 'tying away th< Sprit% hto NORTH AMERICA. 15 Irilfail-Yard and the Spritfail-Top-Sail-Yard, Dec.xS'^^ [d had not they immediately vecr'd out the t/VNJ \ble of the AimabU^ the Vcflfel ia BtUt would |ve been in danger of periling, bat efcap'd ch the Lofs of her Mizen, which came by the ^ard, and of about a hundred Fathoms of »le and an Anchor. he iSth^ the Wind being frelh, we made idy, and faiPd about Ten in the Morning, tnding Ntrth and N, and by W* and held our furfe till Noon ; the Point of Cape St. Anthony (ring Edft and Wtfi with us, and fb continu'd (ring North-Wtft^ till the 1 9th at Noon, when found our felves in the Latitude of 22 De- is 58 Minutes North, and ia 287 Degrees Minutes Longitude. ^ finding the Wind fhifting from one Side to ^her, we direfted our Courfe fcTerai Ways, that which prov'd advantageous to (Is, was fair Weather, and that was r great Help, ^hat fcarce a Day pafs'd without taking an fervatioQ. *he 2oth,we found theVariation of theNeedle 5 Degrees Wtjt^ and we were in 26 Degrees ^Minutes of North Latitude and 285 Degrees Minutes Longitude. The 23th it grew very idy» which threatenM ftormy Weather, and prepared to receive it, but came off only s th the Apprehenlion, the Clouds difperfing '"• feral Ways, and we continuM till the 27th in about 2S Degrees 14 Minutes, and both ithe Latitude and Eftimation it was jadg'd, it we were not far from Land. The Bark call'd U Belle was fent out to rover and keep before, founding all4he Way *, half an Hour before Suaofet, we faw the VeOVl Ml !■' i '-■■!) m 16 Monjieur de la Sal e'^ Second Voyage J>eeA6H Vcirel/4 -fff/Zeputout her Goloors and lie by ^^V*^ for as. Being come up with her, the MaftetJ told us, he had found an Owzy Bottom ti thirty two Fathom Water. At eight of the| Clock we founded alfo, and found forty Fa- thom, and at ten, but twenty live. About Midnight, U Btlle founding againt found onl; feventeen, which being a Demonftrationofthe Kearnefs of the Land, we lay by for the 3fo/y, Co know what Monfieur de Beaujeu defign'd, who being come up, lay by with us. The 27th, Monfieur dt Beaujeu fent the Ck valier d^Airt^ his Lieutenant, and two Pilots to Monfieur de U Sale^ to conclude upon the Courfe we were to fteer, and it was agreed we (hould ftand Weft North Weft till we came into (it Fathom Water -, that then we ihould run Weft, and when we had difcoverM the Land, Boats Aould *be fent to view the Country. Matteri being thus agreed on, we iail'd again, founding all the Way for the mor e 'Security, and about ten, were in ten or eleven Fathom Water, the Bottom fine greyifh Sand and owzy. At Noon, were in 25 Degrees 37,Minutes of North U- titudc. The 28th, being in eight or nine Fathom Water, we perceived the Bark U BeUe^ whicli kept a Head of us, put out her Colours, which ^ was the Signal pf her haying difcover'd SomC' thing. A Sailor was fent up to the Main-Top, who defcry*d the Land, to the N. £. not above' fix Leagues Oiftance from us, which being told to Monfieur ^e Beanjeuy he thought fit to come CO an Anchor. There being no Man among us who hadaQ; Knowledge of that Bay, where we had been told 1 w/oNORTH AMERICA* '7 id the Currents were ftrong, and fate fwiftly-^^'^-*^^ the Eafiwardj it made os {afpt^t that wc^-^*"V^^ e faUen off, and that the Land we faw niafl: the Bay of ApMlache^ which obli^M as on 29th to (leer W, N. W. (till keeping along Land, and it was agreed that the 'Joly (hould W us in fijc Fathom Water, he 3Cth, the Chevaliir d* Mre and the fc- d Pilot of the Joly came aboard us to con- and adjufl: by our Reclcnings what Place might be in, and they all agreed, according onfieur dt la Suites Opinion, that the Cwx -Currents [ts had fet us to the Eaftwardfor which Rea* we held on our Coarfe, as we had done the before to the N. W* keeping along the e till the firft of January 1685. when we iv'd that the Currents forc'd us towards and, which oblig'd us to come to an An* in fix Fathom Water., e had not been there iong,before theBark U made a Signal that flie had difcoverM , which we defcry'd at about 4 Leagues nee from us. Notice was given to Mon-^ de BeaujeuyMvho drcvr near to us, and it wjs * v*d to fend fome Perfon to difcoverand 'J an Account of the Land that appeared iS* - ' -^'-- ■ uit- ;^r: ccordingly a Boat was man^d, and into i( t Monfieur dt ia Sale, the Chevaliir de Airt federal others *, another Boat was alfo put aboard which I went with Ten or Twelve r Gentlemen, to join Monfieur de la Sale the Bark U Belle was order'd to follow al<* s keeping along the Shore *, to the End that he Wind ihouM rife, wc might get aboard ) to loie no Time. ' -^v ui , m C Some 'j'l ?'( • 1 \4' 1 8 Monfuuf de la S a l i^s Second Voyage f iw.i68^ Some of thofe who were in Monfieor d* U ^^"VNJ ^4/#'s Boat, and the fcrcmoft, went afhore and rirflLift- ^^^ ^ Tpacious plain Country of much Pafturc dtng. Ground ^ but had not the Leifure to make any particular Difcovery,. bccaqfc the Wind frefli- ning, they were obliged to rfturn to their Boat, to come aboard again Vr which was the Reafon why we did not go quite up to theShore, but return'd with them to our Ship. AH that could he taken Koticeof was a great Qjiantity of Wood along the Coaft. Wc took an Ob- ■ fervation and fouod 29 Degrees 10 Minutes of Korth Latitude.. ^; *,.. , The Second, there arofe a Fog,whtch jiade lif lofe Sight of the Joty, The next Day, the Weather clearing up, we fir'd fome Cannon- fhot and the Jo/y anfwer'd, and towards the Evening we perceiv'd her to the Windward of us. We held on our Courfe, making feveral Trips till the Fourth in the Evening, whei^ be- ing in Sight and within two Leagues of the Land, we came to an Anchor to expert the Joly\^ for which wc were in Pain. Monfifur The Fifth, we fet Sail and held on our Courfe }^^l^l\tl: ^' •^•^- kccpingialong the Shore till about Six wxs^oneZ' '^^ thc Everting* when we ftood away to the theiAouU^s Southward and anchor'd at Night in fix Fathom c/tkMif- Water. The Sixth, we would have made ready iifipi. jjff to fail^ but tjie Pilot perceiving, that the Sea *;// «,' .* broke aftern of us, and that there were iome and. woit „, , . . l • ' ^ • jQlliiws, Shoals, It was thought proper to continue at Anchor, till the Wind chang'd, and we accor- idingly (taid there the Sixth a and all the Seventh. The Eighth the Wind veering about, we ftood out a lictle to Sea, to avoid thofe Shoals, which are very dangerous, and anchor'd agaii) a League from • Mto NOKTK AMERICA. from thence. Upon Advice, that the Bark /^ JSette had difcoverM a fmall IQand, which ap- pear'd between the two Points of a Bay, Moq- fieur de la Sale fen» a Man up to the round Top, from whence both the one and the other were plainly to be feen, and according to the Sea Charts we had with us, that was fuppos'd to be the Bay of the Holy Ghofl, The Ninth, Monfieur de la Sale^ fent to view thofc Shoals. Thofc who went reported there was a fort of Bank, wliich runs along the Coal^ *, that they had been in one Fathom Water and difcover'd the little Illand before-mentionM, and as for the Sand Bank there is no r.ch thing mark'd down in the Charts. Monfieur de la Sale hn -niy examined the Recknings, was connrm'd if : Opinion, that we were in the Bay of AfaU^ue^ and caus'd us to continue the fame Courfe. The Tenth,he took an Obfervation and found 29 Degrees 23 Minutes North Latitude. The eleventh, we were becalmM, and Monfieur de USale refolv'd to go afliore, to endeavour to difcover what he was looking for *, but as we were making ready, the Pilot began to mutter becaufe five or fix o." us were going with Mon- fieur de la Sale^ who too lightly altered his Dc* fign, to avoid giving Offence to brutifli People, la that Particular he committed an irretrieve- able Errors for it is the Opinion of Judicious Men, who, as well as I, faw the relt of that Voyage, that the Mouth of one of the Branches of the Mijftpfi River, and the fame wbofe La- titude Monfieur de la Sale had taken* when he trayel]*d to it from Canada^ was not far from vj . ''■ ' C 2 * that 19 f.r,. 20 Monfieur de la S A L e'/ Second, VoytLga ^.{ni6Sfi, I iiiaSaic" y ^^ ^^^ Monfieur de U SmU's Defign to find that Mijhke. Bay, and having found it, he had refolv'd to havefet afliore about thirty Men, who were to ^ave foUow'd the Coaft on the Right and LettJ ;hich would infallibly have difcover'd to himl ihat fatal River, and have prevented many Misfortunes-, but Heaven refus'd him that Succefs, and even made him regardlefs of an Affair of fuch Confequence, iincehe was fatis- fy'd with fending thither the Pilot, with one | of the Mafters of the Bark U BtUe^ who re- turn'd without having fecn any Thing, becaufel a Fog happen'd to rife ^ only the Mailer of the Bark laid he believ'd there was a River oppoflte to thofe Shoals, which was very likelyJ and yet Monfieur da la Salt took no Notice of| it, nor made any Account of that Report. { The Twelfth, the Wind being come about I we weighM and dired^ed our Coarfe S. W, to| get further from the Land. By an Obferva- lion found 25 Degrees 50 Minutes North La- titude, and the Wind ibifting, and the Cur-I rents, which fet from the Seaward driving us alhore, it was found convenient to anchor in four or five Fathom Water* where we| fpent all the Night. The. Thirteenth, we perceiv'd our Water] began to fall ihort, and tnerefore itwasreqai' lite to go afhoretofill fome Casks. Monfieurl de la Sale proposed it to me to go and fee it performed, which 1 accepted of, with fix of our Gentlemen who offer'd their Service. Wc went into the Boat, with our Arms, the Boat belonging to the Bark U Bilk followed ours, with till iW(? NORTH AMERICA. 21 with five or fix Men, and wc all made direftly ^'^liJfi for the Land. . vy^^TV We were very near the Shoar, when we dif- co^er'd a Number of naked Men marching a- long the Banks, whom we fuppos'd to be na- tive Savages. We drew within two Musket Shots of the Land, and the Shore being flat, the Wind fetting from the Offing, and the Sea running high, droptour Anchors, for Fear of ftaving our Boats. When the Sarages perceived we had (lopp'd, they made Signs to us with Skins, to go to them, ihew'd us their Bows, which they laid SAvsges down upon the Ground, and drew near to the '^ametoiu Edge of the Shore; but becaufe we could not ^''^'* get AHiore, and ftil) they continued their Sig- nals, I put my Handkerchief on the End of my Firelock, after the Manner of a Flag, and made Signs to them to come to us. They were fome Time confidering of it, and at lafi: fome of thefn ran into the Water up to their Shoulders, till perceiving that the Waves over- wheim*d them, they went out again, fetch'd a large Piece of Timber, which they threw into the Sea, plac'd themfelves along both Sides of it, holding fait to it with one Arm, and fwim- ing with the other; and in that Manner they diew near to our Boat. Being in Hopes that Monfr. de la Sale^ might get fome Information from thofe Savages, we made no Difficulty of taking them into our Boat, one after another, on each Side, to th^ dumber of five, and then made Signs to the reft to go to the other Boat, which they did, a^d we car^ Ctvryei ry'd them on Board. Aboii. C 3 Mon; KM fift fi 22 j\Io»fieur de la Sal e'^ Second Voyage ^Mft. 1 68^ Monfieur de U Sale .;a$ very well pleas'd h ^^yV^^ fee them, imagining they might give him fome Account of the P • ver he fought after jbot to no I Purpofe, for he »oke to them in fcveral of the Languages of th. Savages, which he knew, an(i| made many Signs to them, but (till they under- ilood not what he meant, or if they did com- prehend any thing, they made Signs, that they I knew nothing of what heask'd -^ fo that having ' made them fmoak and eat, we ihewed them our Arms and the Ship, and when they faw at one End of it fome Sheep, Swiire, Hens and Turkeiys, and the Hide of a Cow we had kill'dJ they made Signs that they had of all thofe Sorts) of Creatures among them. We gave them fome Knives and Strings ofl Return A' Beads* after which, they were difmifs'd, and i^oremtb the Waves hindring us from coming too near *^y"* the Shore, they were oblig'd to leap into the the Water, after we had made fall: about their Necks, or to the Tuft of Hair they have on the Top of the Head, the Knives and other fmall Prefents Monfieur de U Sain had given [ them. They went and join'd the others who expected I them, and were making Signs to a» to go to them ', but not being able to make the Shore, we ftood off again and reiarnM to oor Ship. It is to be obferved, tliat when we were carrying them back» they made fome Signs to os, by which vif^. conceiv'd they would fignify tous{ that there was a great River that Way w; were pafs'd,and that it occafioa'd the Shoals | . we had fcen. The //»/(? NORTH AMERICA. 23 The Wind changing, the fame Day, we ^jw. 168^ wei^h'd Anchor and ftood to the Southward, '^''^Y^^ to get into the OiHag, till the 14th in the Morn- ing, when we were bccalm'd. At Noon, we were in 28 Degrees 51 Minutes of North Lati- tude. The Wind frefhned, and in the Evening we held on our Courfe, but only for a (hort Time, becaufe the Wind fetting us towards the Shore, we were obliged to anchor again, where- upon Monficur de U SMe again rcfolved to fend Afhore, and the fame Perlons imbark'd in the fame Boats to that EfFe^t. We met with the fame Obftacles, that had hinder'd us the Day before, that is, the High- Sea, which would not permit us to come near ?*?'!,. the Shore, and were obliged to drop Anchor in fourteen Foot Water. The Sight of Abundance of Goats and Bullocks, differing in Shape, from ours, and running along the Coaft, heightened our Earneftnefs to be Afhore. We therefore founded to fee wheth,er we might get to Land by Stripping, and found we were on a Flat, which had four Foot Water, but that beyond it there was a deep Channel. Whilft we were confulting what to do, a Storm arofe, which oblig'd Monlieur de la Sale to fire a Gun for us to return Aboard, which we did againft our Incliiiatioii. ; , ' v Monfieur ^/e/^^/i/ff was pleasM with the Re- port we made him, and by it, feveral were en- couraged to go Aihore to hiint, that we might have foane frefc Meat. We fpent aH that Night, till the next Morning, in Hopes ot returning foon to that Place, but the Wind changing, forc'd es to weigh afld fail till the Evening, when we drop'd Anchor in fix Fathom Water. C 4 Th^ I 24 Manfieur dc la S a l e's SeconA Voyage ^4». 1685 The Land which wc never departed fromveiyl ^^^^V^^ far, appearM to us very pleafant, and having ]ain there till the 16th, that Morning wefaird IV. 5. 1V> We weathered a Point» keeping a large Offing, becaiife of the Sea*s beating upon it, and flood to the Soathward. At Koon, we| were in 28 Degrees 20 Minutes of North Lati- tude, and confcquently found the Latitude de- clined, by which we were fcnHblef that thel Coafl; tend red to the Southward. At Kight we| anchored in fix Fathom Water. The 17th, the Wind continuing the fame,! we held on our Courfe ^S". IV, and having about Ten din-over' a Sort of River^ Monficurl de la Sale caus'd Ten of us to go into a BoatJ to take a View of that Coaft, and fee whether there was not ibme Place to land. He orderMl xne, in Cafe we fouud any convenient Place^ to| give him Notice either by Fire or Smoke. We fet out, and found the Shoals obftrudedl our Defcent. One of our Men went naked into stcofii the Water to found that Sand Bank9 which lay hniing, between us and the Land ; and having (hewal us a Place where we might Pafs, we, with muchi Difficulty, forc'd our Boat into the Channel,! and fix or feven of us landed, after ordering thel Boat to go up into that which had appeared tol us to be a River, to fee whether any frefli Wa- ter could be found. As foon as we were landed, I made a Smokej to give Notice to Monfieur de la Sale^ and then we advancM both Ways, without Itragling tool far, that we might be ready to receive MonfrJ 4* U Sale^ who was to come, as he did, rooo| after, but $ndisg the Surges run high, he re* turaMI *> iV/d NORTH AMERICA. 2S ) tarn'd, and our Boat finding no frefh Water, ^^»* 1^8$ came y ick and anchor'd to wait for us. L/^VN^ We walked about every Way, and found a dry Soil, tho* it feemM to be oyerftow'd at fome Times^ great Lakes of fait Water* little Grafs, the Track of Goats, on the Sand, and faw Herds of them, but could not come near them, how- ever we kiU*d fome Ducks and Buftards. In the Evening, as we were returning, we mifs'd aa Boglifh Seaman, fir*d feveral Shot to give him Notice, fearched all about, waited til) after Sunfet, and at lafl; hearing no Tidings of him, we went into the Boat to return Aboard. r gave Monfieur ^r U Sale an Account of what we had feen, whkh would have pleas'd him, had the River we difcover'd, afforded freih Water : He was alfo nneafy for the loft Man \ but about Midnight we faw a Fire Afbore, in the Place we came from, which we fupos'd to be made by our Man, and the Boat went for him as foon as ibon as it was Day on the iSth. After that, we made feveral Trips, HiU fteering toward s the S, W, and then enfued a Calm, which oblig'd us to come to an Anchor. Want of Water made us iktok of returning towards the River, where f|t bad been the Day before. Mcnfr. dt la SmI§ refolved to fet a confiderable Number of Men Alhore, with fuf- ficieni Ammunition, and to go with them him-: felf, to difcovcr and take Cognizance of that Country, and order'd me to follow him. Ac- cordingly we fail'd back, and came to an An- chor in the fame Place. All Things neceflary for that End being or- dered on the ipth, Part of the Men were put into a Boat ^ but a very thick Fog riling, and ■' ' •. taking I 'F m 26 Monfieur de la Sal eV Second Fojdge J*«f.i6S5' taking away the Sight of Land, the Compafsl ^^""v*^ was made ufc of, and the Fog dirperfing as we| drew near the Land, we perccivM a Ship mak- ing directly towards us* and that it was tbel Joly^ where Moafr. de Beaujeu commanded, which rcjoic'd us, but our Satisfaftion was not lafting, ind it will appear by the Sequel, that it were to have been wiflicd, that Monfieurl\l'' hfipi. sS Monfieur de la S a L e'/ Second Voyage fin. 1685 he could not give him more Provifions, wichootl v^VN; rumraaging all the Stores to the Bottom of the Hold, which would endanger his being caftj away. Thus nothing was concluded, and Mon- iieur df Beaujeu retum'd to his own Ship. In the mean Time, Want of Water began tol thhd pinch us, and Monileur de U Salt refolv'd to uniing, fend to look for fome about the next River. Ac- cordingly he order'd the two Boats that had been made ready the Day before, to go ofT. He was aboard one of them himfelf, anddircded| me to follow him. Monfteur dt B9au]eu alfo commanded his Boat to go for Wood. By the I Way we met the faid Sieur de Beau]eu in h)s{ Yaul, returning from Land, with the Sieur Afinet, an In^enier, who told us, they had beea| ill a Sort ot fait Pool, two or three Leagues from the Place where the Ships were at Anchor, we held on our Way and landed. One of our Boats, which was gone ahead of| us, had been a League and a halfup the River, without finding any frefh Water in its Channel ^| but Tome Men wandering about to the right and left, had met with divers Rivulets of very .v',ood WatAk wherewith many Casks were fiird. We lay afhore, and our Hunters having that Day kiird good Store of Ducks, Buftardsand Teal, and the next Day two Goats, Moniievr de la Sale fent Monficur de Beaujeu Part. We feaited upon the reft, and that good Sport put feveral Gentlemen that were then aboard Moniieur de Beau\eu^ among whom were Mon- iieur du Hamely the Bnfign and the King's Clerk, Mpon coming afhore to partake of the Diverfi- oa ; but they took much Pains and were not fuwcefsfull in their Sport* la into NORTH AMERICA. f^ la the mean Time many Casks were fiWd fs». 1695 Iwith Water, as well for our Ship as for Mon- t^^VNJ ficor di BeMu]tu\ Some Days after Monficur \d* Air* the Lieotenant, came afliore to confer with Monfieur dtU SmU^ and to know how he woold manage about the Provifions ; but both ofthem perilling in their firft Propofdls and Monfieur i# td Sale perceiving that Monfieur de \Biau]tu would not be fatisfied with Provifions for 15 Days, which bethought fufficient ta go to the Place where he expefted to find one of the Branches of the Mifflfipi^ which he with {good Reafon believ'd to be about the Shoals, f I hare before fpoken of, nothing was concluded I as to that Affair. Monfieur d^ j1ir$ return'd to his Captain, and Monfieur ? • i / <■ L/^V^ We took our Way ajoag the Shore* Our j^gy,jg„g irft Day's Journey was not long, we encamp'd by Lar,i )n a little riling Ground, heard a Cannon Ihot, ^o dipg- rhich made usuneafy, made the Signals that ^^'' lad been appointed, and the next Day, being the 5tbf we held on our March, Monfieur vi/o- rdnget bringing up the Rear, and I leading the ^a'n. I will not fpend Time in relating feveral per- fonal Accidents, inconfiderable in themfelvei, }r of no Confcquence, the moH: conliderable of them being the Want of frelh Water '•, but 'ill proceed to fay, that after three Days [arch we found a great River, where we halt- ed and made the Signals agreed on* encamping m a commodious Spot of Ground till we could lear of the Boat, which was to follow us, or of )ur Ships. But our Proviilons beginning to fall fhort* ind none of our Ships appearing, being belides ipprehenfive of fome u^ilocky Accident oc- :afion'd by the Difagreement between Mon- ^eur de la Salt and Monfr. 4* Beaujea^ the Chief )f our Company came together to know what lefoiutlon we fliould take. It was agreed, thac ^e ihould fpare our Provifions to endeavour to [0 on to fomt Place where we might find Bul- locks \ but it was requifite to crofs the River, ind we kmw not how, becaufe we were too laay of us, and therefore it was decreed to fet fome Carpenters there were among us ac Work to buiid a little Boat, which took them jp the eleventh and twelfth of F$bruary, h. mm BctHt ; ii»i "J '4 m 4^^ The J 2 Monjleur de la Sal eV Second, VojAge Teh.\6%^» The i3th» wc were put out of our Paiabyl ^^'VN; two Vcflels we difcoverM at Sea, which wc knew to be the Jo/^r and U Belle^ to whom we made our Signals with Smoke. They came not in then, becanfeit was late, bat the next Day being the 14th in the Morning, the Boat, with the Sieur Barbier and the Pilot of the Bark /4 Bitte come up, and both founded the Mouth of| the River. They found on the Bar, from ten to twelvcl Foot Water, and within it from five to lix Fathom \ the Breadth of the River being about half a Quarter of a League. They fonndedl near the Ifland, which lies between the two! Points of the Bay, and found the fame Depth.l The Boat of the Joly came and founded on the| other Side of the Channe], and particularly a< long the Shoals, I know not to what Purpofe.l The fame Day, Monfieur d* U SaUy for whoml we were much in Pain, came alfo, and as foonj as he arrived, he causM the Boat to be ladet with fach Provi^ons as we Itood in Need ofJ but the Wind being contrary, it could not! come to us till the next Day, being the 15th. That fame Day, Monfr. de la Sale came Afhoarl to view the Place and examine the Entrancel into the River, which he found to be veryl good. Having confider'd all Particulars, he re{ folv'd to fend in the Bark la BeSe and V AimahUX that they might be under Shelter, to whichl Purpofe, he order'd to found, and to know whc-' ther thofe two Vcflels could both come in tbatl fame Day. Monlieur^e Beau\9u caus'd alio thel Place to be founded, ?nd lay Aflioar on the of ther Side of the River, where he took Koticel there were Vines which run op the Trees, like! onri />r/d7N0RTH AMERICA.. gj )ur Wall Vines, fome Woods and the Carcafles -P^^* ^^S-j Bullocks, which he fuppofcd to have died ^^'VNJ rith Thirft. The 1 6th, the Pilots of the Joly^ V AimAhle ind U Beile^ went again to found, they found ^he Entrance eafy, and gave it under their lands. The 17th, they fix'd Stakes to mark )ut the Way, that the Veflcls might come fafe in. All Things feem'd to promife a happy Lvent. TheiSth, the Chevalier e camealhore, [0 confer with Moniiear de la SaUy who being lelirous to have the Fly-boat /* Aimahle come in [hat Day, order'd the moft weighty Things in • ier to be unloaded, as the Cannon, the Iron Ind fome other Things. It was my good Fortune [hat my Chefl: flood in the Way, and was alfo unloaded, but that Unlading could not be done [ill the next Day, being the iptb. That being ;rform'd, the Captain affirm'd it would go iu It 8 Foot Water. . ^ The 20th, Monfleur de la Sale fent Orders to that Captain to draw near the Bar, and to lome in at high Water, of which a Signal (hould W given him *, he alfo order'd the Pilot of the tark U Belle to go aboard the Fly boat, tOibe Iflilling when it came in. The Captain woulc^ jot receive him aboard, faying* he could carrf his Ship without his Help. All thefe Pre- lautions prov'd of no Ufe *, Monlieur de la Sale lould not avert his ill Fate. He having taken lotice of a large Tree on the Bank of the Ri- rer, which he judg'd Rt to make a Canoe, fenc or 8 Workmen to hew it down, two of whom Jturn'd fome Time after, in a great Fright, [nd told him, they had narrowly efcap'd being P taken 4 iffiSi It 1 . imm m :nM iMi Si H ' Monfieur de la Sal e'j Second P^oyage reb. 168^ taken by a Company of Savages, and that they ^^^y^ bcliev'd tbe others had fallen into their Hands.! IfiZTci Monfieur de la Sale order'd us immediately to | , ' handle our Arms, and to march with Dnunsj beating towards the Savages, who feeii ^ us iai that Pofture, facM about and went offl Monfieur de la Sale being deiirous to join thofel Savages, to endeavour to get fome Infofmation from thenr, order'd Ten of us to lay down our Arms and draw near them, making Signs to them, at the fkmt Time, to come to us. Whea they faw us in that Pofture and unarm'd, moft Wr of them alfo laid down their Bows and Arrows .Friendly g^d Came to meet us, carreffing us after theirl B.bjvmr, Manner, and ftroaking firft their own Breafts and then ours, then their own Arms and after-l Wdrds ours. By thefe Signs they gave us to un* derftand that they had a Friend (hip for u< which they exprefs'd by laying their Hands) on their Hearts, and we did the fame on our Part. Six or feven of thofe Savages went along witli| us, and the reft kept three of oar Men, in the Nature of Hoftages. Thofe who went with dJ w(?rc made much of, but Monfieur de USali could learn nothing of them, either by Signs o(| Atherwife *, all they could make us underftand was, that there was good hunting of BnllockJ in the Country. We obferv'd, that their Ttl confifted in a Cry, fnch'd from the Bottom o| the Throat, uoc unlike the Call of a Hen t| gather her Chickens. Monfieur de la Sale gav| them fome Knives, Hatchets and other Triilesj With which they ie«m*d well pleafed, and weiif away. ■-^■r i^^ w t ir;-';i- u MonflcQ i/W^ ame on out /A^/^NORTH AMERICA. 35 Monfiflttf iie la Sale was glad to be rid of f*^'^^ thofc People, becaafe he was wiHing to be pre- ' ^ feflt when the Flyboat came in ; but his iU Fate would not permit it. He thought fit to go him- jfeif along with thofe Sarages, and wefollowM him, thinking to have found cur Men in the I fame Place where we left theni) bat perceiv'd on the Contrary, that the Savages bad carried I them away to their Canip, which was a League and half from us, and Monfieur de la Sablonmere^ Lieutenant of Foot, being one of thofc the Sa- vages had taken with them, Monfieur dt U Sale refolved to go himfelf to fetch him away, ad |uahappy Thought which coft him dear. As we were on pur Way .towards the C^mp )f the Savages, happenning to look towards the Sea, we faw the Flyboat /* Aimable under Sail, which the Savages who were with us admired, ind Monfieur de la Sale observing it narrowly, told us, thofe People fteer'd wrong, and were hnding towards the Shoal%, which made him rery uneafy, but (till w^e advanced. We arrivM It the Camp of the Savages, which ftood upon |p.a Eminence, and coniifted of about Fifty Cot- tages made of ru(h Mats, and others of dry'd >kins, and built with long Poles, bowM roiind It the Top, like great Ovens, and moft of the >avages fitting abput.^ as if they were upon the Vatch. We were fttll advancing into the Village, rhen we heard a Cannon Shot* the Noife thereof ftrack fach a Dread among the Savages, [hat they all fell flat upon t^e Ground ^ buc Toniicur de la Sale and vte were too (enlible it m a Signal that our Ship was aground, which ras confirm'd by feeing them furl their Sails ; D 2 however Their Camp, m 1kH^- 5ii' 7l(ir I went. iC Monfieur de la Sal -€$ Second Vojagt Feb.\6^, However we were gone too far to retarn *, our ^yy^^ Mea muil be had, and to that Parpofe, we muft proceed to the Hut of the Commander in Chief. Asfoon as we arrived tbere» Monfr. de U Sale was introdoc'd \ many of the Indian Wc men came in, they were very deform'd and all naked, excepting a Skin girt about them which hung down t^o their Knees. Tiiey would ^ have led us to their Cottages, bui": Monfr. de U Sale had order'd us not to part, and to obferve whether the Indians did ngt draw together^ fo that we kept together, ftanding apon our Gaard, and I was always with bin*. • -j.j They brought us fome Pieces of Beet, both frefh and dry'd in the Air and Smoke, and Piccts of Porpois, which they cut with a Sortl of Knife, made of Stone* fetting one Foot upon ii, and holding with One Hand, whillb they cut with the other. We faw nothing of Iron a- mong them. They had given our Men, that came with them, to eat, and Monfr. ^/e laSaU\ being extraordinary uneafy,wefoon took Leavej of them to return. At our going out, weob ferv'd about forty Canoes, fome of them likel thofe Monfr. de la Sale had feej|i pn the Miffifim which made him conclude he was; not far fronil it. We fooa arrived at our Camp, and fonnd| the Misfortune, Monfr. de la Sale had appre ^^y"*' " hended, was bux too certain. The Ship wasl ft rand ed on the Shoals. The iU Management of the Ciptain, or of the Pilot, who had not fteer'd by the Stakes placed for thatPurpofej the Cries of a Sailor pofted on the Main-top who cry'd amain, Loof^ which was to fteerl :s L* Alma- 19 im NORTH AMERICA, ^7 towards the Paflage raark'd out, whilft the ^'i*^' wicked Captain cry'd, Comt no nearer^ which was V-r>r^^ to fteer the contrary Coorfe \ the fame Captain's Carelefnefs in not dropping his Anchor, as foon as the Ship ^ooch*d, which would have pre- vented her (ticking aground ; the Folly of low- ering his Main-Sheet and hoi(ling out his Spric- Sail, the better to fall into the Wind, and fe- cure the Shipwreck ^ the Captain's refufing to admit the Pilot of the bark la Bells ^ whom Mon- liieur deU Sah had fent toaffift him ^ the found- ling upon the Shoals to no Purpofe, and feve- [ral other Circumftances reported by the Ship's Crew and thofe who faw the Management, were infallible Tokens and Proofs, that the Mifchief had been done defignedly and advifcr [ably, which was one of the blackcit and mofl: Idecertable Adions that Man could be guilt/ This Misfortiinc was To much the greater, Ibecanfe that Veflel contain'd alraoft all the Am- Iraunicion, Utenfils, Tools and other NecefTaries |for Monfr. de la Salens Enterprize and Settle- lent. He had need of all his Refolution to |bear up agai-^fl; it *, but his Intrepidity did not forfake him^ and he apply'd himfelf, without jgrieving, to Remedy what might be* All the [en were taken out of the Ship ; he defir'd lonfieur de Beaujeu to lend him his long Boat, to help fave as much as might be. We be- ^an with Powder and Meal. About thirty Hog- peads of Wine and Brandy were faved, and vvluch niade us laugh. We ftaid there fome Time with tlicm. Some of our Men barter'd D -^ Knives ^^ ij}! u H\ .40 Men fit uf dc la S A L e's Second Fojage j«*.i58^. Knives for Goats Skins, after which wc return'dl ^^Oi^^*^ to our Camp •, Being come thither, Monfieur ^ ^ dt la Sale made me go aboard the Bark/4 BtlUA vvhtrrehe had imbark'd Part of the Powder, vvith poOtive Orders not to carry, or permit any Fire to be made there, having fufiicient Caufe to fear every thing, after what had b.-q- ncd. For this Reafon they carry'd me andl all that were vvith me, our Meat every Day. Daring this time it was that i* Aimahle o^t^' ingin the Might, the next Morning we fawl * all th'j light Things that were come out of it floating about, and Monfieur de la Sale fent Men every Way, who gathered np about 30 Casks ' of Wine and Brandy, and feme of Flefli, Meal| and Grain. When we had gather'd all, as well what hadl . been taken out of tlic Ship-wreck'd Veflel as what could be pickM up in the Sea, the next ' Thing was to regulate the Provifions we had ■. left proper tionably to the Kumber of Men we I were *, and there being no more Bisket, Meal j was deliver'd out, and with it we madeHafty . Pudding with Water, which was none of the :^ beft 'j fome large Beans and India Corn, part of| . which had taken wet ; and every thing was di- "^ ^ributed very difcreetly. We were moch in-l 'commoded for want of Kettles, but Monfieur de Beaujeu gave Monfieur de la Sale one, and he order'd another to be brought from the Bark] la Belle^ by which means we were well ferv'd. We were (till in want of Canoes. Monfieur de la Sale fent to the Camp of the Indians to barter for fome, and they who went thither \ obferT'd, that thofe People had nfade their Ad- . vautage of our Ship-wreck) and bad fome Bales • " of hto NORTH A MERICA. 4« ol Normandy Blankets, and tney faw feveral fib,\6U^ Women had cut them in two and made Petti- <«^^>r^ coats of them. They alfo faw Bits of Iron of the Ship that was cafb awavi and return'd immediately to make their Report to Monfieur de U Sale^ who faid wc muft endeavour to get fome Canoes in Exchange, and refolv'd to fend thither again the next Day. Monfieur ^M //^wff/, Enlign to Mon(r. de Be Aujeu^ offered to go up in his Boat, which MooHeur de la Sale agreed to, and ordered Mefiicurs Moranget, his Nephew, Defloges^ Oris^ Cayen^ and fome others to bear him Company. No fooner were thofe Gentlemen, who were more Hot than Wife, landed, but they went up to the Camp of the Indians^ with their Arms in their Hands, as if they had intended to force Indifcrr- them, whereupon feveral of thofe People fled. ^**J ^^** Going into the Cottages, they found others, to '^''' whom iVlonlieur du Hamel endeavoured to Ilgni- fy by Signs, that he would have the Blankets they had found reftor'd ^ but the Misfortune was, that none of them underftood one another. The Indians thought it their belb Way to with- • draw, leaving behind them fome Blankets and Skins of Beads, which thofe Gentlemen took away, and finding fome Canoes in their Return they feiz'd two, and got in, to bring them away. But having no Oars, none of them knowing how to manage thofe Canoes, and having only fome pitiful Poles, which they could not tell the right Ufc of, and the Wind being alfo a- gainft them, they made little Way ^ vvhich the Sieur du Hamely who was i?. his Boat perceiving, and that Night drew on, he made the beit of his m m if I '% mM 'f! I 4^ Monfteur de la Sal eV Secord i'^oyige 11 ,j, it. M 111 ''iiiiiimt Mirrh an» tiki Sleoji Oyi$ and Dtflogei kiU'd. his Way, forfook them and retui vM to the Camp. Thus Night came upon them, which oblig'd thofe unexpericnc*d Canoe Men, being tho- roughly tir'd, to go afhore to lake fome Reft, and the Weather being cold, they lighted a Fire, about which tliey laid them down and fell afleep •, the Sentinel they had appointed doin^]; the fame. The ///^t4«i returning to their Camp,-ir.d perceiving our Men had carry 'd away two Canoes, fome Skins and Blankets, took icj for a peclaratior of a War, refolvM to be| revenged, and difcoveringan unufual Fire, pre- fently concluded that our Men had halted I there. A confiderable Number of them re priir'd to the Place, without making the leaft Noife, found our carelefs People faft afleep, wrap'd up in their Blankets, and (hot ar full Volley of their Arrows upon them all together on a Sudden, having firft given their ufuall Shout before they fall on. The Sieur Morangtt awaking with the Noife,! and finding himfelf wounded, (tarted up and fir'd his Piece fuccefs fully enough, fome others did the like, whereupon the Natives fled.* The Sieur Moranget came to give us the Alarm, though he was (hot through one of his Arms, below the Shoulder, and had another ilanting| Wound on the Bread. Monlieur deUSale im- mediately fent fome arm'd Men to the Place,! who could not find i\\.t Indians ^ but when Dayj appear'd, they found the Sieurs Qris and Def* lores dead upon the Spot, the Sieur Cayen\ much hart, and the rell; an fafe and found. V '■"': ' ' ... -i..- This! iffto NOR.TH AMERICA. 4? ThU Difafter, which happcn'd the Night of w*''* the 5th of A/4rcfe,very muchaffliftcd Monfieur If^Lj dt U Salt \ but he chiefly lamented Monfieur ^^^'^^ Vtfioges a fprightly Youth, who fcrvM well \ but in fhort, it was their own Fault, dnd con- trary to the Charge giveii them, which was to be watchful and upon their Guard. We were under Apprehenfions for Meffieurs Moranptt and Gayen^ led the Arrows (hould be poifon d. It afterwards appeared they were not, how- ever Monfieur Moran^eth Cure prov*d difficult, becaufe fome fmall VclTel Was cut. The Cbnfcquences of this Misfortune, toge- ther with t)ie Concern, mod of the beft Perfons who had follow'd Monfieur de U Sale Were under, fupported the Defign of thofe who were for returning to France and forfakint; him, of which Number were Monfieur Daif maviHe^sL Prieft of the Seminary of St. Suipice^ the Sieur Minet^ Engineer and fome others. , v The common Difcourfes of Monfieur de la . Salens Enemies tending to difcredit his Conduft, and to reprefent the pretended Ralhnefs of his ^, Enterprize, contributed confiderably towards the Defertion ; bufc his Refoluticm prevailing, he heard, and waited all Event' with Pati- ^encc, and always gave his Orders, without appearing the leaft difcompos'd. He caus'd the Dead to be brought to our '- '• ' Camp, and bury'd them Honourably, the, Can-, flon fupplying the Want of Bells, and then confiderM of making fome fafer Settlement. He caus'd all that had been fav'd from the Shipwreck, to be brought together into one : t*lace, threvtr up Intrenchments about it, to' fecure his Effcds, and perceiving that the Water 1 "I- \ li. 44 'March Debates between the Cam- manders. Ji^n de la Sale much »roxg*d. Mr, de Beaujeu laves him Monfteur de la S A l e'^ Second Voyage Water of the River, where we were, roul'd down violently into the Sea, he fancy'd that might be one of the Branches ot the Mijfijipi^ and proposed to go up it, to fee whether he could find any Tokens of it, or of the Marks he had left, when he went down by Land to the Mouth of it. -^ ^ > In the mean Time, Monfieur de Beaujeu was preparing to depart : The Cheralier de jiire had many Conferences with Moniteur ^e /^ 5'.•/••" • • • any into NORTH AMERICA. 41 any longer cxaci in the Dates, for fear of Mar.^6^li miftaking, and therefore 1 cannot be pofitive O'^V^^ as to the Day of Monfieiir^e Beau\eu\ Depar- ture, bat believe it was the 14th of March^ 1(^85. ^ ^ * • When Monfr. de Seau]eu was gone, we fell to Work to make a Fort, of the Wreck of the >fF«wt Ship that had been call away, and many Pieces *«'^'- of Timber the Sea threw up*, and during that Time, feveral Men deferted, which added to Monfieur de la Salens Affliction. A Spaniard and 2i French Man ftole away and fled, and were ne- ver more heard of. Four or five others follow'd their Example, but Monfieur ^V^^ not coufenl to it« Hace chey had come confiding in as. I made Si^us to them to be gone, which they did as faft as they could, fome fmall Shoe we fir'd into the Air making them run, and % Cannon Shot, 1 pointed towards the rifing Ground, where the reft were, put them all to Flight. Thffe Accidents made us doublt our Guards, iioce we were at open War witn that crafty X^ation, which let flip no Opporcu aity to far- prize us, and therefore Penalties were appoint- ed for fach as (hoald be found alleep upon Sen- tinel^ rhe Wooden-Horfe was fet up lor them without Remifllon *, and by Means of fuch Pre- cautions we favM our Lives. Thus we fpent the reft of the Month, till the Beginning of Jime, In the mean Time, Monfieur dt U SnU had began to make another Settlement, in the Place he before toid ns of, looking upon it as better, bec^fe it was fur- ther up the Country. To that Purpofe he fenc to us the Sieur dt yiUtfrdry with two Canoes seeoni and Orders for the 5icnr Mfrnnget to repair to settlement him, if he were recover'dy and that all the Men Ihould march, except 30 of the ableft to make a good Qefence, ^ho were to ftay with me in the Fort. The reft being feventy Perfons, as well Men and Women as Children, fet ouc with the Sieur Mirangtt ; and we being bat a fmall Kamber remaiaing, I caufed the Fort to be brought into a l.:fs Compafs, to fave pofting fo many SeAtin^ls. Oar little Comptany began to take Satisfadi- I oa ift Ite fiaft pf ajeitin^ aod the :(^ture of our . E Provifioni ■S il 5© Monjieur de la S X l fi'i Secoffd VojAge 3pM/ri6^>$Proyi(It>ns» which a greater Number has more \ir^C^ Difficulty to be fapply'd with, and which we mSi. had Plenty of, by Means of Hunting andFilhing, veiU, thofe being our principal Employments^ and we liv'd well enough contented, expeAing to be remov'd. However there were fome Malecon- tents, who refolv'd to defert v but finding a DifHculy to put it in Execution, for that they could neither get Arms, nor Powder rior Ball, becaufe the Sieur U Cros and I kept all lockM up, and were very vigilant, that none might be laviflily fpent, they took the cruel Refolution to rid (bemfelves of us. That bloody Maffacrc was to begin by me, - when I was afleep, and then to proceed to the Sieur U Gros^ who lay in the Magazine, or Warehoufe, and was in no Condition to defend liimfelf, becaufe his Leg wasftill fwolen, and put l|im to much Pain. The Execution was to be by ftabbing. One of the Confpirarors re- veal'd this to the Sieur DavauUj a Hunter, who immediately came and accquainted me. I did not jaft then take Notice of what I had beea " told 'j but in the Evening, when they returnM from bunting, I caufed one to be fecur'd, who prefenily confefs'd all. His Accomplice was I alfo feiz'd, and it was very troublefom to fc- ' cure them till the Time wJien we fliould re- move. Aboi •: tb Middle of July^ the Bark id Btlit\ came and anchored near us. An Order was ^ brought me from Monfieur de la SMe^ diredtiog | me to put aboard it ad the EfTeds that were in our Fort, to make a Float of the Timber I had I caufed to be fquar'd, if Time would permit, if not to bary it in the Grounds Every Man fet '■'■ ' - . his hto NORTH AMERICA. Ms Hand to the Work, with all pofTible Dili- gence, and our twp Prifoners were put aboard, as was alfo Monfieur /« Gros and his Surgeon, with all our BfFc^ts. The Float was begun with inimenfe Labour , but the Weather proving very Stormy, and holding very long, I was oblig'd tocaufe what had been done to be taken in Pieces, and to bury the Timber in the Sand, the bed we could, that the Natives might not find it. We then fet out towards the Place where the Indians had been encamp'd, when Monlieur de U Sale went, the firft time to fee them. We found no Creature, and lay there that Night, and To proceeded along the Sea Coafl:, without any Accident, to the Camp of the Sieur Hurh^ which was a Poft in the Way, where Monlieur dtla Sale had order'd all our Effects to be laid up. It had no "bther Inclofure but Chefts and Barrels \ but there was nothing to fear from the Europeans* We fpent the Night at that Poft, and two {Canoes coming thither the next Morning, I Went aboard one of them, with Part of my iCompanyt and join'd Monfieur de la Sale the next Day, at the Place where he had refolv'd to make his new Settlement* I gave him an Account of all that had happened, and was lamaz'd to fee Things fo ill begun and fo little advanced. As for the Plantation, the Seed and Grain put into the Ground, was cither loft through Drought, or eaten by Birds or Beafts. There were feveral Dead, and among them the Sieur de FiUeurdry \ many fick, and of that INamber Monfieur Cavalier the Prieft ; no Shel- |ter bat a little iquarc Place ftak'd ifl| where the £ 2 Powder 5« Thejitli Fort aim' Jll Peflun of the 7d. SettUmem ' >?;> !'.' 'II ■■' V,; ■■! > 1 ■'> ■ ^.:, ill i^:m -i *~ j 52 Monfieur de la S A L e^ SUcni Va)Agt ^uii '68$ Powder wasaad fome Casks of Brandy; many ^•^"^W* other Inconv^ep^ifoces there were, which made all Things appear in a piiferable Condition. It was rcquifite to thinlt of boilding « Urge Lodgment, Monfieur dt la Salt defign'a ic^ bat the Difiiciulty was to get proper Timber for Boilding. There was a little Wood* where a good Qpantity might be bad« bat it was a League up the Country, and we had neither Carts nor Horfes to carry it \ however Monfn mri La» ^* ^^ ^^^* ^^"^ WorkmeQ thither, with others tour, to guard them. The Trees were cut down «nd iquar'd, but the Carpenters were fo igno- rant, that Monfr. dt la Salt was forc'd to ad the Mafter Builder, and to mark out the Pieces for the Work he defign'd. Some of thofe Pieces of Timber were dragg'd to the Camp, over the Grafs and Weeds the Plain was (o- ver'd with ; afterwards the Carriage of a Gua was made ufeof; but all coft /b much Labonri that the ableft Men were quite fpent. This exceiTive Toil, the poor Suftenance the labouring Men h^d, and that often retrenched 9S a Penalty for having ^il'd in doing their Duty \ the Uneaiinefs MqiUieur dt la Salt was under to fee nothing fucceed as he had imagia*d, and which often made him infult the Mes, when there was little Reafon for it ; AU thefe things together aiHided very many fo fenfibly, that they viiibly declined, and above thirty catpemer ^y^d. The L^fs of fo many Men was follow'd by that of thf Mafter Carpenter, who was re* turning one Bvenlng with me ; but 1 bappeaiflg to ftep fiiide to kill fome wild Fowl, when I came to our Habitation I found him not, aad it W9S never l^aowa frhat beciflne of hin^i ; ao -1 r ;-f • Accidenl foil. into NORTH AMERICA: ?J I was a i neither r Monfr. th others ut down fo igno- :*d to ad the Pieces of thofe he Camp, \ was ^0- ! of a Gun ^Labpqr, Accident which added to our Vexation, for tho' ^^^X S\ had but little SkiU at his Trade, yet we ^^OTNI oodin Need of him; ^ - Notwithltanding aU thoib Difappointnients, cnoogh Timber was carry'd or rather draggM» to build the Honfe Monfieur The Siear It Cros^ who had remained aboard the Baric U BtUt^ ever iiace the firlfc Voyage flie mide to oar former Habitation, was carry'd Mr. le alhoretofhcnew One, and his.Xcg ftill fwell- Gxoi diet i„g^ the Surgeon was apprchenim of a Morti- ficaciofi, and advis'd him toconfentto have it cut offl He did fo, tho' with Regret, the Ope- ration was made, but a Fever folIowM imme- diately, and he liy['d but two Days, dying on the Feaft of the Perollatipn of St% John BMptifi^ much lamented by 9II Men, and particularly by Monfieur ^t U silt, to whom he was very fer- vieeable, by reafon of his genera) Knowledge^ and his particular Fidelity towards him. Mon* iitur Carpifttier^ Son to the Maftcr of the Works and r!!t Sieur 7)bi^4fi/f, both ofv^4;r, and fomf oihcrs, dy'd about the fame time. o Monfieur dfUSdt being clef^rous to take a Progrcfs, to find his fatal Mifftfifi Riv^r, and only expeding tbfi Recovery of his , Brother Monfieur CavMitr^ who was to bear him Com- pany, he began to make fome Preparations " towards it, and in the mean timft, took fome fma 11 Journeys of four or five Magues abput, but could learn nothing furtjier,^ than that it was a very fine Country, bem'4' in on one Side by a fmall Mountain, which appeared at about Fifteen or Twenty Leagues diftance; beautify'd with very fine Tre^i, and water'd by many little {livers, whereof cbatj on which we had Built our Habitation^ was the leaft. i(iver of We call'd it U Riviere dux B^i^s^ that is the Buioeks, River of Bullocks, by reafon of ih^ great Num- MtoT^OKTH AMERICA. 55 bcr of them there was about it. Thcfc Bui- ^'^ »tfS^ locks arc very like ours, there are Thoufands ^-^'V^^ of them, bat iaftead of Hair they have a very long carl'd Sort of Wool. Monfiear df U SMt Studying all Ways to 5nd oat the River Mififipiy imagin'd it might fall into the adjacent Bay, and refolv'd to go view all the Coafts about it, and to tr^^o ufe of the Bark U Bttte, Accordingly h^ r'd me to repair to the faid Bark, with i and a Canoe, into which he pat hi >, and other Effeds in feveral Chefts. That ihort Voyage was very troublefome to us, by reafon of the foal Weather, with contra- ry Winds and Storms, which had like to have overwhelm'd us, and what was (till worfe, we did not find the Bark, where we had left her* We went on a League further, to no Parpofe, and Provifions beginning to fall ihort, becaofe we had been fix Days on the Way, in* Itead of three, we refolv'd to return to the r Place from whence we came. MOnfieur ^# /4 Salt feeing us return at adi- ftance, came to meet us. Our Report troubled him for the Bark, which he (tood in need of, fo that he refolv'd to go hlmfelf to feek her, imbark'd in a Canoe, and fenc me another Way, in another. After having wander'd about ^^^^ . all that Day, the next Night and the Day fol- the bJI lowing, we at lafl; perceivd her, where ihe lay iojK onder Shelter in a little Creek, having been in Danger of Periftiing by the foul Weather we had been in, and had loft her Boat, which was not wen made faft. '■: <. '\ E4 The *tA IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) »: 1.0 U£|2j8 |2.5 ^ kI^ks 1.1 fi^iyjO iy& 111.25 11'-^ J4 V] 0% y] ^V^^"^^ / .n^^.iV Hiotographic Sciences Corporation 33 WIST MAIN STRUT WUSTIR.N.Y. 14SS0 (71«) 872-4503 ■^ l/j ^ 56 MdPJiiur de la S A i* e*s Sfcond VojMgt OS, 168^ The Btrlc was alfo difcQTer'd by Moolieor ^^'^V*^ iU U Siik^ who was on the other fide, which made him draw near andland^ whence he fent his Canoe to the faid Bark, and Monfieor MoYMgu who commanded it, went af>oard to ; meet him. The Lol^ of the Boat troubled Mon- iieor d9 la Sslty I fent a Canoe to iorlng him, bat to no Parpofe ; however the Trunks were put aboard the Bark« Monfiear CdvMier the Prieft, being i;ecover'd, mdt ^<)°fi«u<^ de la SaU preparM to fet ont with all storcitbgy Speed. He was plcas'd to Honoar me with the bdd. Command, daring his Abfence^ and left me aa Inventory of all that was in oar Habitation, conHftin^ of Eight Pieces of Cannon, two Hondred Firelocks, as manyCotlaces, an fion- dred Barrels of Powder, three Thoafand Weight of Ball, aboot three Hundred Weight of other Lead, fome Bars of Iron, twenty Packs of Iron to make Kails, fome Iroi^A^ork and Tools, as Hatchets and the like. . " As!forProvifions.all that were left me amonn*' ted to twenty Casks of Meal, one Cask and a halfof Wiae,threeQaartersofa Cask of Bran- dy, and for living Creatures fome few Swine, a Cock and a Hen } which is very Ihort of what has-been PoblifliM by the Author of a Book en-* titaled^ Thifir^£fiaUipimnt in Niwfranew I ha% the Reafon of it is, that he compiled his Work upon the Credit of Relations, which were at falfe as to the Point of the Ammunition and Froviiions, remaining in our Habitation, when Monfieur «« la Salt itt ont that Time, as con- cerning the Fort well condition^, and the Magazines or Storehofes nnder Ground, which are all imaginary, thera being Kothing but the Honfc w/^ NORTH AMERICA. 57 Hoofe I bav« mcotioQ'd, pallifado'd, with Tome f^^^i^u old Stakes. VXVM Monfr. d$ U $dl9 farther order*d me not to receive Mv Man of tbofe he cook along with ^ hioif anlcu they brought an Order from, him in Writings nor to hold or admit of any Com- jnuaication with the Natives, but rather to fire opon them, and fome other Parciculars he thought iit to be obfervM* He had made him- fdf a Coat of Mail with fmall Laths, to fecore him&lf again(b the Arrows, which he took a* long With him, he alfo took the Canoes, and promis'd to fend me one back. Five Cannoa shot were the Signal of his Departure., He took his Way along the l^wcr Part oi ^ ' the River, to march by Land along the neigh- {S;"* boaring Bay, which was caU'd pt Si. Lewis^ the out toSf' Canoes keeping within Sight. I was leftrov^r. in the Habitation with thirty foor Perfons, Men, suLtmWi Womea and Children, and of that Number ^/* were three Rtetht Friars, the Sieur Hwrh^ who was lo command in my Ablence, one of the Siettrt Dvib^iirt the Sienrs 7l>i^4ii^ and a Sur* Oar iProvilioBS being very fmall, and it being rcqaifite to fpare them, for the Sick, we were oblig'd to apply our felves to Fidung and Shoot- ing* Both anthem at firft prov*d vefy unfuc^ J cefsfiil^ efpeciaUy the latter; becanie we vere not yet well vers'd in tbem^ and Monfieur dt UjSMtlaA taken oar Haotfman along with him ; but at length) Neceifity made us more expert. We klH'd Beeves, fome cf which I caos'd to be dry'di and thty were a confidcrable Help to jSiMiftus* Some . I' m 58 Monfieur de la S a l e'/ Second V^ayi^e Kpip\69^ Some Days after, the Canoe Moniieoryv /ig ^^"^"^ Salt had promisM mc, arrived with three Sol- iies^wHh ^^^^^ ^^° brought as the News of the Lofs of Ctf/i. * the Hantfinaa Mohfiear dt la Sale had takea along with him, and who had been foood dead . with Cold in a Ditch, where he had lain down to reft after hunting, which troubled os aO ve- ry mach. They alfo inform'd os, that Monfr. dt U Sale advancing towards fome Dwellings the Natives had abandon'd, after a fmall Re- iiftance, fome of whom had been wounded as they fled, they had taken and brought a Girl and a Woman, who was fliot thro' theTbigbi *^ of which (he dy'd. Vec,i62^ The Canoe was a great Help to us to carry what we kilFd, which being brought to our Ha- bitation, found Employment for all Perfons, ^. fome to flea, others to cut up, and others to ^^ dry it. At other Times, 1 fet fome of ou;r Men to throw np a Trench about our Habl- . J cation. ' Thus we fpent our Time, till about the ftf».i6S6 Middle oi January^ i68 The Pilot did as he was order'd, he founded and obferved the proper Places to come near fe- vcral Coafts. At Night he and his Men be- J^e^rS* inginaU likelyhood tir'd,they thought fit to go nmvcs. Afhore and lie upon the Land. They niade a Fire, perhaps to drefs fome Meat; bat He- gleding toftand upon their Guard, they were ^c" furpriz'd, and all fix of them kill'd by the Sa- '1' yages ; who alfo broke their Canoe, and thus . f eveng'd themfelves for the iWuption Monfr. dt ' - /4 S'^lr had lately made among them. More Time being elaps'd than Monfieur ^« U Sdlt had aUotted thofe Men to retarn, he grew aneafy, and went himfelf along the Coaft, to fee ifany Newscoald be had ot them, and keeping along the Shore, he' found the fad Re« mains of thofe unfortunate Wretches, whofe Carcalles fcatterM aboat, were torn and almoft devoured by Wolves or wile* Dogs, a Spedade which went to his Heart. However this Lofs, which afflifted him, and particularly for the Sake of the Pilot, tvho was . . ^ ' an able Man, did not quite caft him down *, birt exerting himfelf againft his Misfortunes, he '* > ' , > -. • . cans'd *. I ■>wi 2 ■ ^o ^ Monfieur de la S a l bV Second Voyage ^.1^86 caos'd Flcfli to be dry'd, aod with that and the! ^ ' other Provinons he yiauallM the Bark U BtBu He caus'd it to advance into the Bay, pot a good KumberofMea on Board to fecttte it^ among whom were Monfieur Chtdtviffe^ the Prieft^ and Flanttrofe of RoaH^ and orderM th^m nor ^ ftir from that Place jtill they heard from him, and not to go Afliore, unlefs with a good Goard and nece0*ary Precautions. l4ext, he chofe out Twenty Men, imbark'd on two Canoes he had left, and being come Afhore, caus'd the Canoes to be funk in the River, and every Man to take np his Bundle, confifting of Arms, Tools, fome Utenfils for /v theKitchin, a few Goods, to trade with the ' ISIatives, if he (hould find any fociable, and fo advanc'd into the Country, to try if any Kotice could be had of tht Miffif pi. After feveral Days March, they came to a La Ma- iP^ pleafant River, which they afterwards ligne j^- cail'd U Maligna. Monfieur d* U Sml§ marching ver, at the Head of the Company, and having or- der*d Monfieur M9rmgtt to keep in the Rear) it happtn'd that Duhttut [topping to mead his , Snapfack and his Shoes, which were in a bad Condition , the Sienr Morsngtt cominp op, com* manded him to march, he defired him to Hay a little. Momnget would not, but hild on his Way j Duhaut followed fome Time after, but having ftayM too long, he could not overtake the Company* and found himfelf about ^ight fall in a Plain full of Weeds, where there were feveral Tracks of the Way Cattle had gone, but knew noe which of them to take. He fir*d his Piece feveral Times, withoat bear^ iog i-^ into NORTH AMERICA. 6t iag any thiag of his Company, and was oblig'd Ftfki696, CO pafs the Night in that fame Place. i/*>PO In the Morning he ihot again, fpent the Day and Night again in that Place, fo that not ^'^!^. knowing what to do, he retarn'd the fame ^^^'''^^ Way he bad gone, and after a Month's March, , : for he traveU'd only by Night, for Fear of /. -J meeting with the Savages, living npon what he kin'd with much Difficnlty and Danger, ha« ving before fpent all his own Provifions ; at length after moft unaccoantable HardAips and Sofiriags, he arriv'd at the Place where the Ca« Qoes bad been funk. He took one of them up, with incredible Labour, and too long to relate, and fo came to our Habitation of St. Lewis* Thus it pleas'd God that he who was to be one of the Mnrderers of Monfieur Country we were in, I will here venture upon t plain but true Defcription. We f»ere in about the J7th Degree of J^ortb Utit^de, two Uaguei^ mr ifhc Country, near the ' 62 Weh.t6^6. Vefcrmi- Cmntrf dttiiDmh Ung 4f Su Lewis. living CftMWCS* \\\. njf. Mchfieut de la Sal eV Seeoni V&jAgt the Bay of St. Ltwit and the Bink of the Ri- ver ikuxBamft^ on a little Hillock, whence we difcoTerM vaft and beautifal Plains, extending ▼cry far to. the Weltwardy all level and fall of Greensi which afford Paftare to an infinite Number of Beeves and other Creatures. Taming from the Weft to the Southward, there appear'd other Plains adorn'd with feve- ral little Woods of feveralSorts of Trees. To- wards the ^outb and Eaft was the Bay, and the Plains thai hem it in from the Baft \ to the Korthwardi^ was the River running along by • little Hill, beyond which there were other large Plains, with fome little Tufts of Wood at fmaU Diftances, terminating in a Border of Wood, which feem'd to us to be very high. Between that little Hill and our Dwelling, was a Sort of Marfli, and in it Abundance of wild Foul, as Curlies, Water-Hens and other Sorts. In tl;e Marfli there wete little Pools full of Fifli. We had alfo an infinite Kum^ ber of Beeves, wild Goats, Rabbits, Turkeys, Buftards, Geefe, Swans, Feldifares, Plovers, Teal, Partridges and many other Sorts of Fowl fit to eat, and among them one call'd Ugrdnd Cofier^ or, the great Gullet, becaufe it has 2 very large one \ another as big and Flefliy as a Pul{et, which we called the SpafuU^ becaufe it*s Beak is fliap'd like one, and the Feathers of it being of a pale Red, are very beautiful. As for Fifl), we had feveral Sorts in the Ri- ver and in the Lakes 1 have mentioned. The Ri- ver afforded a Sort of Barbies, differing from ours l.k Roundnefs, in their having three Bonei fticking out, one on the Back, the others oa each Side of the Head, ikidia the Fklh, which is the Ri- lence we [tending id full of infioite I. Dthward, ith feve- !e8. To- and the ;to the long by a her large 1 at fmaU f Wood, Dwelling, idance of md other tie Pools ite Nam^ Turkeys, Plovers, of Fowl d iigrdnd it has 2 elhy as a ecaule it's hers of it I. the Ri« The Ri- ing from ree Bones others oa Ih, which IS iffto NOKTH AMERICA. 6; is like Cod, an^ without Scales. The River fiip- '''J;^^^ ply'd OS with Abondance of other Fifhes, whofc ^>^>r^ Kames we know not. The Sea afforded as Oyfters, Eeles, Trouts, a Sort of red Fiflies and others whofe long, fliarp and hard Beak tore all our Nets. ' We had Plenty both of Land and SeaTor- toifei, whofe Eggs ferv'd to feafon our Sances. T§rtoiftu The Land Tortoifes differ from thofe of the Sea, as being fmaller, round, and their Shell more beautiful. They hide themfelves ia Holes they find or make in the Earth. Ic was looking for theie Tortoifes, that one of oar Surgeonsr throft his Arm into a Hole, and was bit by fome venomous Creature, which we fttppos'd to be a Sort of Toad, having four Feet, the Top of his Back (harp and very haf d, with a little Tail. Whether it was this Crea- jr^^^^ ture^ or a Snake, his Arm fwelkd very much, creaijt's. iiowever he was cured by fuch Applications as were made Ufe of ^ but it coft him a Finger was cut off. Among the venomous Sorts of Snakes, as Vipers, Afps and others, whereof there arc ^*''/^* many, thofe call'd Rattle-Snakes are the moft ^"^"' xommon. They generally lye among the Bram- bles, where they make a Noife by the Motio-i of two Scales they have at the End of their Tail, whichisheard ataconliderable Diftance, and therefore they are caird Rattle-Snakes. Some of our Men had eaten of them and found their Flelh was notamifs, and when tve had kiird any of them, our Swihe made a good Meal. H 4 .-?f^. .»<>*.«*•.*.* f. .«.-^ '.♦*." ,i v»«#'mc of them of a frightfal Magnitode and * Balk. I kiird one that was between fovr and five Foot about, and twenty Foot in Length* on which our Swine feaftcd* Thii Greatare has verv fliort Legs, infomuch that it rather drags along than walks, and it is eafy to follow the Tra^ofit, either among the Weed)i or on the Sands, where it has been. It is Tery rave- noos, and attacks either Men or Beafts, when they are within Reach in the Rirer, and comes alfo afliore to feek for Food. It has this parti- cular Qpality, that it flies from fueh a$ purfue* and porfues thofe who fly from it. I have fliot many of them dead. The Woods are compofed of Trees of federal Sorts. Thert are Oaks, fome of them ever green and never without Leaves ; others like oars'in Europtf bearing a Fruit much like our Galls, and lofe their Leaves in Winter, andaf Bother Sort not unlike ours ia Frsntt^ but the Bark of them thicker, thefe as well as thefe- cond Sort bear an Acorn, dificring from ours both in T^fte and Bignefs. There is a Sort of Tree> which bears fmall Berries, which, when ripe, are red, and indif- ferent pleafant. It bears twice a Year, but the fecond Crop never ripens. Tbere is another Tree, bearing a Fruit not unlike Cafia^ in Tafte and Virtue. There are ethers of the Sort I had feen ia the Iflands, whofe Leaves are like Racketj^ whence the Tree bears the Name. The Bloffioins grow out about the Leaves, and of theni comes a Fruit fomewhat refcmbling Figs, but the Leaves i* and the ¥ruit are full of Prickles, which mult . • " be DMftgt rgutft M/oNORTH AMERICA. ^i he carefblly rubl>*d and taken off, before it is M.i6^' eaten, elfc they dangeroufly inflame the Mouth '«>^VN>- and the Throat, and may prove mortal, as happenM to one of oar Soldiers, who had eaten of them too greedily, and without that Precau- tion. I hare feen Torr Trees refembling the Palir^ whofe lofty and long Branches fpread like that callM the L4MmVr,bearing a Fruit, faid to be in- different good. Others the fame Sort, but whofe Leaves are like Gutters, har(h and Co (harp pointed, that they will pierce the thickelt Stufl^s. This Tree has a Sprout on the Top,which (hoots out Flowers in the Shape of a Kofegay, of a vvhitifh yellow, and fome of them at the Top | of that Sprout have (ixty or eighty Flowers hanging down, not unlike the Flower de Luce, and after thofe Flowers follows a Fruit as long as a Man's Finger, and thicker than the Thumb, fall of little Seeds, fo that there is fcarce any Thing but the Rhind fit to eat, the Tafte whc<-eof is fweet and delicate There are Abundance of creeping Vines (r/^^,; and others, that run up the Bodies and to the Tops of Trees, which bear plenty of Grapes, flelhy and (harp, not to compare to the Deli« cacy of ours ia Europe *, but we made Verjuice of them, which was very good in Sauce. Mul- . berry Trees are numerous along the Rivers, their Fruit is fmaller, but fweeter and more delicious than ours v their Leaves aire beautiful and large, which would be of good Ufe for I feeding of Silkworms. The Plains are ftrew'd with a Sort of fmall pf^fg; I Sorrel, the Leaf whereof is like Trefoil, and |tte Tafte of it fliarp like ours. There are A- F bundaace 1 1 Vhl 66 Monfteitr de ia Sal e^ Stcond Vcydge Feh.i6^^ bundaace of fmall 6nionS| no bigger than the ^-^^V^ Top of a Man's Finger, bat very well tailed, and when the Heat hasfcorchM ap the Plaint, that Plant flioots oat firft, and produces Flowers, which look like an agreeable Enamel. Nothing is more beautiful than to behold thofe vaft Plains, wVfen the BlofToms appear ^ a thoufand Sorts of different Colours, whereof many have an agreeable Scent, adorn thofe Fields, and af- ford a moft charming Objef^ to the Eye. I have obferved fome that (melt like a Tuberofe, but the Leaf refembles our Borage. I have feen Primrofes, having a Scent like oars, African Gilliflowers, and a Sort of purple wind Flowers. The Aotamn Flowers are almoft all of them yelloWffo'that the /lains look all ot that Colour. The Climate is mild and temperate, tho' we were in aboat 27 Degrees of North Latitude, , and yet the Seeds I caafed to be fow'd did not thrive \ Whether it was becanfe they had been ^ foakM in the Sea Water, or for any other Rea- fon. Some came op pretty well, as Pompioos* Melons, Parfnips and Endive^ but the I Bealtsand the Infefis, left us not much. I ^ , When we come to the C$ms and have traverfsM ^ fo many Nations as lay between us and them,| . I (hall fpeak of the Religion, Manners, Cloath- ingi HoufesandColtomsofthe Natives, wher-j in they differ but littlt from one another* tho*' of feveral Countries. Monfieur dt la Salt had been now long gone, | and we began to be in Pain for him, when a- ' bout theMiddle of March i6%&^ hapningto be I * ' on the? Tbp of the Houle, I fpied fevcn or eightj Perfohscomiag towards 08. I prefently order- ed eight arm'd M«n to fottow me, toi ^j f^NORTH AMtRICA. 6f go mcec them*) a^fd as Iboa as we drew near ^^^^ fheai, we kDcw Monfienr dt U Sdh^ Monficur /J^^^^j CmHti0r^ his ll^mber, Monfiear Mvrmigt^ hit ^^^*^^ Nephew and fire or fix Men with them, tht reft f^iiig gone another Way ta find o*t$ the Bark U B9U9^ to' give Notice of Monfiear dtU 5«Vs Arrival. * ,, r They were in a bad Condition, their Cloaths ^7^^«r ragged, Monfiear Cfw/i>>-'s fliort Caffbck ^/,„"„/. * hong in Tatters ^ mol^ of them had not Hats, and their Linda was no better ^ however tho Sight of Moni^r i» U Salt rejoyc'd us all- The Atconnt He gavei us of his Joarney reviv'd oor Hopes, thb' he hid not founds the fatal River, and we thotight only of making our felvcs as merry as we coufdi Only the Sight of the Sieur Duhntit interrupted it for feme Time. Mbnfieur de U Salt askM me in an angry Man- ner, why r had receivM him, and Duhaut hav- ing given his Realbns, as I and my Men did', we wereair fatisfy'd. ^ The next Day, theSienrs h Sarhier^ Bihorel^ It Pttit^ Cavtlitfy Che Nephew, the Surgeon "^^^^rk and others, wWonfv Monfieur dtUSatt had fent j^^^ to find out and scarry Advice to fiho Ba^k U Beilt^ * return'd, and faid they could not find her^ which was ainother fre(b Gaufe of much Unsafinefs to Monfieur dt UlSkl^ He had been guilty of the Fault' of patting aboard her, his Gloaths, his >^ Linen, his! Pajiors and all his beflr Efi'eas, of all w ' Bh^mn \ [ '} :| 7 Men hfl and 4. dC' fefU Monfieur de la S a l eV 5'^tfd/lii/ Voy^gf up for our Cattle, and at Ktglit I made tbeni diirert themfeivts with Dancing and Sing- ing. Wlnlft we thas piFsM away the Time the belt we could, Monfieur dt la Sale had pene- trated very far up into the Country, incliniag towards the Korthern Part of Mexico. He had travelled thtongh rcvcral Nations, the Inhabi- tants whereof were, for the mod Part, Ibciable,. and had conclude a ^ort of Alliance with thetn, and parttctiiarly with the dnis and 0- thers whofe Nailfres I (hall menti6n. He had difcover'd charming Countries abounding in all Things that could be wifti'd, as well for Sufte- nance, as for making of eafy Settlemtnts, and after he and his Nephew Moran^ had efcap'd two Diingerous Sickncfles, he retnrnM to our Habitation, with ii\re Horleshe had purchased, and arriv'd at it in Augnjt itJS^. " Hearing of his Voice, I was one of the firft that ran towards the River: We took our Canoes to bring h)m>his Luggage and fome Pro- vifions over, and the Horfcs (warn. We were extraordinary glad to iee our Comm^acder in Chief return fafe, tho* his Journey had not ad- vanced his Delign. Moniienr de la Sale had not found out his River, nor been towards the IJlinois as we had hoped. Only eight Men re- turn'd with him of twenty lie carry'd out, and all the vifible Advantage of that Journey cpnfificd in live Horfcs, laden with Indian Wheat, BeaQS and fome other Grain, which was put into the Store. Monff . de la Sale ask'd me, as foon ^% he came, whether the Sieurs Clere, HurieJ)uhaut the younger and two others were comCi becaufe . , tftey -v. into NOKTU AMERICA. they not being able to endure the Fatigae of thejoorneyi he had grven them Leave to retorn, and hearing they were not, he conda- ded the Savages had kiHed them. We were al- fo infbrm'df that theSienr Sihorel^ had flray'd and was loft, fo that there had been no News of him fiace ; that one of Monfr. de la Salens Servants had been dragg'd down to the Bot- tom of the Water and devour'd by an AHi- gator, and that four others had deferred and abandoned Monfieur de U Salt, when he was about the Country of the Cents. This was a very difmal and deplorable Ac- count 'j bat the even Temper of our Chief made all Men eafy, and he found,by his great Vivacity of Spirit,Bxpedients, which revived the lowelt Ebb of Hope. He rejoiced at the Return and Sight of M. Chedevilliyhe was pleas'd at the Re- covering of his Cloaths and Part of his Papers ; and after fome ^ime tit Reft, he proposM to undertake a Journey towards the //?i»oiV, and to make it the main Buiineis, by the Way,to find the Miffiffi \ but it was thought proper to let the great Heats pafs, before that Enterptize was taken in Hand. In the mean Time, he gave Orders to ftake about a Place to make a new Magazine, or Scorehoufe* He put to that Ufe the Timber 1 had caus'd to be cut, and wou^ have more pro- vided for the fame Ufe. Detachments being fent to work, feven or eight of our Men* who were fent with the Sieur Barhier^ were difco- ver'd by the Savages, who being fupcrior in Number, made as if they would hem them in ^ but each of our Men having taken a Tree up- on their Shoulders and Hi'd their Pieces, which mad^ 75^ Sept.i6S6 M de la Sale re- folves up- A thirdEX' pediuon* ..'./t ■ -.U 7x99 Mtn 'AK!- I R'f 1 76 Monfieur de la S )^ l e'/ Second Voyage ett.i6%6, made one of the Natives drop, the others took t/^^>J Ijitn up and withdrew. Yet it was not long be- fore they were reveng'd, for they kiU'd as two Men, one of them clofe by oar Dwelling, and the other, whd had fepa rated from the reft of the Company to gather Purflain* and coald not be reliev'd. There being every Day (bme Difcoorfe of (he Journey to the IJlinois^ Monfiear dt U Salt ask'd me one Day, whether 1 would make one of the Company, and go by the Way of Cansda to France for Succours. 1 aflfared him I was entirely devoted to his Will* and would faith- fully attend him. Then he began by Degrees to provide what he thought necefTary for that Expedition. 1 had two Pair of Sheets, which he took, to make him Linen. Canvas Cloaths were made of the Sails of the Bark Jd Belle. The Sieur Duhaut having Linen, he took Tome to diftribute among feveral Perfons. Thus he hafted on the Execution of his Defign» but aa Accident put it off. It was occafion'd by a Flux which troubled Monlieur de U SaU^ who having told me he could not perform that Journey, as long as he continuM in fuch Condition, 1 olTerM to under- take it for him, if he would allow me his Indian^ and about fifteen Men *, but he anfwer'd, That itiis Prefeoce was requifite among the JJlineis^ and that it was reqaifite his Brother fl^ould go to France, Thus he refus'd my Offer, and could not (hun the ill Fate of that Journey. We (pent fome Time longer after this Man* ner, during the which, there airofe a Contro- verfy about the Privileges the Kiiig grants to the Firft-bqrn of the French Colonies in Amtri* en* J)ee,i6^6 into NORTH AMERICA. rs took »ng be- ds two ig, and reft of aid not mrfe of r USmU ake one ; Canada I 1 Yvas id faith- Degrees for that , which Gloaths Ja Belle. ok fome Thus he 9 but an troubled me he ig as he o under- S Indian^ d. That nois^ and d go to d could lis Man- Contro- rants to jimeri" n U. The Skar Barbitr'% Wife was Yvith Child, ^^1687* and he claimM the Privilege granted for that ^^^'V^^ Child. The Widow Talon had a Child born in ^ the Paflagc from France toAmerica, and alledg'd, K^/'" that her Child, tho' born before our Arrival^ PnyUtge* ought to be preferred *, but the Sieur Barbier*% Wife mifcarrying, the Difpute was not de- cided. Monfteur de la Sale being recovcr'd of his In- difpofition. Preparations were again made for his Journey ; but we firft kept the Chrifimas Ho- ly-Days. The Midnight Mafs was folemnly fung, and on Twelve-Day^ we cry'd, T/»c Kin^ drinks^ (^according to the Cu/lom •/ France) tho* we had only Water*. When that was over we began to think of fetting oat. Monlieur de la Sale gave the Command of the Setclenient to the Sieur Barbier, direding him what he was to do aad obferve in his Abfence* There remaiii'd in that Habitation* the Fa- irio wtrt thers Maximus and Zenobius^ Recolets, Monliear left inxke Chedeville, the Prieft, the Marquis de la Sabhn- ^f^'*"^ nierey the Sieur Barbier^ Commander, his Wife, Jj^ ^^ a Surgeon and others, to the Number of twen- iefinei. ty, among whom were feven Womeo,orMaid8, and only the Sieur Barbier marry'd \ which is much (hortlof the Number fome have given out remained in the Dwelling, without any Ground ) ' for the Truth is, there were no more, and par* ticularly no Natives, Monfieur de la Sale having abfolutely forbid holding any Communicatiou with them. As for Beafts, they amounted to feventy, or feventy five Swine, great and Tmall, which was a good Stock ; for Fowl, eighteen or twenty Hens ^ fome Casks of Meal, which . was i'.ii i'li - » i'i ji Mofffieur de la S A L bV SMmtA Foyagi fM.iSBj. vras kept for the Sick ; Powder, BaD, andeiekt ^>'^V^ Fleets of Cannon, TTitbont any BoHets** Terron ^* fct Ottt thc I2tb of Jdrnkny^ ia the thai fil out ^^^^ ^<5^^» ^***R fcrcntccn ia Number, w. vitbM,/0 NORTH AMERICA. 79 We kiUM five Bcete} n the Entrance iato fM.16%7 the Wooii, forded the River, and incampVt C^V^ Half a League beyond ic,wihf«ce Monfiear «/« /4 Ssl9 feat Men vvith the Hotles* to brin^ the * Flelhof.theB«lk>ck»VTehad killM ^ theHide$ ' . of them, whtj;h fervM to cover as, being very nfefjul againft a violent Shower ot Raia that iell. The 14th, the Raia ceafing, we travelled o* ver aaother fpacious PUi.o» where there is a Multitude ot Beeves and Wild Fowl. We law feveral Tracks^ leading every Way, made by the Butlocks, of whic^ we faw feverail Herds, fome moving on haiUly, and. otbert running out-right, which made us fuppofe they were drove by the Natives. In ihort, having halted to help up one of our Horfes that was fallen, we iaw an Indian following them very clofe. Moaiieuf de U S4e causM a Horfe to be immediately unloaded, which a Man moont** ing, rode afcier» overtopk and brought the Indian^ When the Savage faw himfelf among us^ he concladed be was a loft Man, hequak*d for /^ Fear, and not with'^vc R^afon, for molt of oar Men had re^bvM to kill him \ Monlienr de U SMf oppos'd it> alledging» that we were but a fmaU Ktunber* t^hat very few were left behind at the Habitation, and therefore vve ought noc to render our felves odious to the Natives, but '~\ to ufe them kindly, that we might have Peace ; ' ' an infallible Maxim* the Fra<^ice of which might have been fortunate to him, hadhefol- tow'd itfoonci;. . He So Mofifieur de la Sal eV Seeoni Voyage fMn,i6Hy He therefore caus'd a Fire to be made, eare ^^^VV him to Bat and Smoke, and afterwards a Bit of ., Roll-Tdbacco, and (one other Trifles. iVlon- iiear dt U SmU gave him toanderftand, that hc^ came not to hurt any Man, but to fettle Peace in all Places, and fodifmifsM him. T\\t hdUn recovered himfelf a little of his Fright ^ but / being (111) dubioos, what his Fate might be, he at fit H walk'd away gently, (till looking about him, and when at a good DiltanCe, made off as faft as he could. We held on oar Way, and foon after faw another Indidn rnnning after the Ballocks. Mocfieur dt U SmU caas'd him to be taken, brought to us, and treated as the iirft had been. We had not gone far before we fpy'd a Com- pany of Natives coming towards as,on our lefr, bat we held on our Way, till they were over againft us,, when Monlieur de U SmU causM ui to halt. The Savages feeing os halt, itood ftill alio, which Monfieur de /« 54/« perceiving, he ' kid his Firelock on the Ground, andadvanc'd towards them, making Signs to liim that Cdm- nfanded them, who was a handfome Man, to draw near. That Iftdidn came forward, and was follow'd by the reft, all of them Caref- ling m after their Manner, which we retarn'd the bed we were able, and then made them Ndttvet Smoak. e.fieruin*d ^^^^ Monfieur de U Sale gave them to un- derltand, that we were going towards the Cenis, . . that we defir'd to be atPeace with f.liei. all, and that we would return to our own Country, whence we would bring them all they had Oc- cafion for. Then we diftributed among them fome Bits of RoU-Tabacco, fome Strings of Beads /^^'NORTH AMERICA. 8t Bcadt ind Kni/eSi which they feeoi'd to be f^* i<<7 pleas*d withf and aH this was done by Signs. ^^^VNJ^ Th 1 efery Man went his own Way .* We advanc'd half a Letgae farther, to get into a Wood, where Monficor d9 Is Salt had en* camp*d when he went that Way before \ we cut down Treef to fecore oar Poft, and lay there that Night. Before our Intrenchnocnt was finilhM, we dil* . , cover*d, firft out Misft^ then two, and after* wsrds three, coming one after another ; which giving Moafieur dt U Salt fome f^aloufy, he caur'd lis to handle our Arms, with Orders to ftandopon our Guard, for fear of being fur- priz'd, and went towards them* They figni^ fy'd to him, that their People had told them, we did not hurt any Body, which was very well^ and thit they were come to fee us. They were entertain'd as the others had been, and then Si^ns were made them to withdraw, becaofe Kight drew on, and having obferv'dy that they took Notice of our fortifying our felves, we ^.■ kept a good Guard all the Night, vvitboat any Difturbance. The Fifteenth, we march'd on, intending to find out aFord, in theR.ivercairdofthePri>rr/>^ where Monlieur de U SmI» had pafs'd before ^ but miffing of it, and the River being fwoUen, vre were oblig'd to go up higher, idmetimes croffing curious Meadows, and fometimes Woods of tall Trees of feveral Sorts, but all A /m Young of the lame Thicknefs and ftrait, look- Oiwirf. in^ as if they had been planted by a Line. The River mnning through the midft of thofe cari- ous fliady Grovef) which were alfo watered by G ' feverai !i fii Thick I yi. fi'i' m w I 82 Mcnpemr dc la Sal e'/ 5^^;?^ ^'^J^'^^ federal little Brooks of very clear and good Water, afforded a moft delightful Landskip. We alfo met with fome Woods fo thick, that that it was requifite to hew a PalTage for the Horfes. Towards the EvcDing we kiU'd a Bullock, and went to iacainp in a little Cop^ pice, with our ufual Precantions* The 1 6th, we continued our Journef, ftill following the ^iver upwards, and from Time Wiidfotvh to Time meeting the fame Sort of Pafture Grounds and the Obftacles of Woods, where we were fain to cut our Way through, which fatigued us very much ; but' the Plenty of wild Fowl, and particularly of Turkeys, whereof we killed many, was an Eafe to our Sufferings, and Help to bear our Toil with more Satif- fadion. The 17th, was a very toilfome Day's Journey, by Reafon of the Woods and Rivulets we were tocrofs; after which we came to a little Hill, on which there were 2 or 300 Cottages of the Natives. Thofe Huts were like large Ovens, confiding of long Poles (luck in the Earth in a Circle, and joyning above to make the Dome or round Top. They had been a Dwelling of the Natives, who being gone, had carryM a* way the Hid^s that cover'd them» and the Mats which are us'd to hang the Infidei, and to inake their Beds ofl v . ; ■..f**.^^'f' After a March of ibme Hours, our JndUn ha- ving found a Herd of Beeves, we kiird feven or eight, took the beft of the Meat, and held on our Way acro^ a Wood. We forded a Branch of the River ,ahd proceeded to the Bank of another, the the Bottom whereof l>eing foul, we in- camp*d on the Edge of it, and the Rain falling at An Iniim Village A" bandon*d. y" 1> t opge id good [skip. Lck, that for the killM a At Cop^ icy, ftill )m Time Pafture 5, where fi, which of wild whereof lufFerings, >re Satif- i Journey, 5 we were ittlcHill, res of the »e Ovens, he Earth the Dome frelling of arry'd a- the Mats i to make tndUn ha- d feven or eld on our iranch of f another, we in- ain falling at ^^/(> NORTH AMERICA. t} at l^ight an4 continaing all the next Day, were f^-i^^^ oblig'dto ftay there. rr* : xj^Sf^. The I9th| the Rain ceafing, we proceeded Chroiigh a thick Fog, and over Places where the Water was often up to our Knees, and fon:ietimes higher ; which, together with our being forc'd to cut the Way athwart the Bufhes, vvitn our Hatchets, gave us inexprelTible Trou- ble, and it had been much greater, had we not refolv'd to follow the Ways beaten by the Bullocks, whom a natural Inftind^ always leads / to thofe Parts which are ealielt to pa(s. We were not free from another Inconveni- '' ency in thofe Tracks, which was thicir being full of Water and very rugged, a Thing no Way agreeable to our Shoes, which were no Buskins •/ other than a Piece of Bullocks Hide or Goats )XS'^o/ Skin quite green, whereof we made a Sort oi shoeu Buskins, to ferve inftead of Shoes, but whea . thdfe wretched Boots were dry'd by the Heat, up09 our Feet, they hurt us very much, and we were often oblig'd to fet oiir Feet in the the Water, to fofcen thofe Buskins. However, we march'd all the Day, notwithftanding all thole Inconveniences, without finding a proper Place to incamp, and at laft came to a River, whofe high Bank afforded us a Spot to reft on. The 20tb, a fmall Rain did not obftruft our March, and having crofs'd a Wood, half a League athwart, and a Marfh of the fame Ex- tent, we came into a large Plain, cut acrofs by great Tracks of Bullocks, which went towards the River» and made us fuppofe there might be a Ford. We follow'd that Way, but found the River fo fwoUen, and its Stream fo rapid^ that it was impeHible to crofs it, but were o- G 1 bUg'd Ml M 84 Mofffieur de la S a l ^s Second Vo)Agt if»n.\6^7 blig'd to halt upon its Bank, whence we went to Vx^V*^^ hant Bullocks, whereof we had no Want, nor of Turkeys and other wild Fowl. The iithf we proceeded up that River, and found a narrow deep Place, near which we hew'd down a Tree* making it fall fo as to . reach from the one Bank to the other, in the ' Nature of a Plank, and handed our Baggage fnsm one to another over it. The Horfes fwain over and we incamp'd on the other Side, near „ . . a very beautiful Plain. mtjndl Whilft we were hewing down feme little Motion* Wood to intrench ourfelves, we heard a Voice, whereupon handling our Arms and going to the Place Where we beard it, we faw a Company of fifteen Savages, who were coming towards us, and made Signs to us to go to them, laying down their Bows, in Token of Peace. We alfo made our Sign to them to draw near, they did fo and carefs'd us after their Manner. We made them fit down and fmoke, after which, Monfr. that they were ingag'd in War towards iheN W. '. >'•■'■ ..^»^»/.>i'*v4 %"*«. .. and . h It to or of ,and ti wc 18 to a the Twam > near little Voice, , to the >any of rds us, laying Vc alfo ley did ^e made Monfr. y Signs, ^oage of irftood, AlUes ^ lat their [prefents omifing jw/tf NORTH AMERICA. 8$ and told as, they had feen Men like us, who ^JJl;^ were but tea Days Journey from that Place* Other Tokens they gave, made us foppofe it was iVew Sip4iVi that they talk'd of. Monfr. di U SaU took feveral Words of their \; ^. Language, which is very different from that of the Cenis^ and more difficult. As for their Cu- Homs, they are much alike. Infine, having (hcwa usi that towards the NW, we (hould meet with Piaiof, where the Way woald be eafier, and wc (hould (hun the Woods, we gave them to eat, and fome Prefents, and they took Leave of us. A Rain falling and holding all the Night, we did not march the 24th. The 25th, wc travelled not far, by Reafon of the Rains continuing, and that there were fcVeral Rivers in the Way much fwollen- The i6ch, we proceeded on our Journey, and came to the River call'd /4 Sabloniere^ from the many Sand Banks there are in it. The 27th, de- parting from it, we came to another little nar- row River, but very deep ; going up higher wc found a Ford, and went to incamp beyond it, la a little Wood, where we had a very bad Night, becaufe of the Rain which fell again, and the o^ verilpwingof the River,which oblig*d us to make a little Sort of Scaffold, to lay our Powder and ) Cloaths on* that they might not be wee. The next t)ay being the 28th, obferving that the VA^ater was ftill riling, we decamp'd to go a League farther, to a higher Ground, where we niade a gre^t Fire to warm and dry us. We took Notice the Country was very good, the Plains extending as far as theEye could reach, and adorn'd with niiany little Coppices, affording a very agreeable Profpcd. Wc march'd over Pare of them the 29th and 30th, after 3 Hours , G 3 travel. m i6 Monfieur de la S A l eV Sec9nd VoyAg^ fih. itf^r Travel,foand a Way fuH of Water,which obli|iM V^V>J Qs to incamp on the^ank of aRivcr ; pafs'd it the 5ich,and iocamp'd ia a Wood clofe by. jjn The next Day, being the Firlt of FtkruAry [%«'*• i<^87, Monfif lar 4* /^ 54/« left mc to guard the ^Abitei, Qgpjjp^ anjj jqqj^ along with ^ipa, Monliear Cn- wlifr his Brother and feven Men» to go fee whether he ^ould find any Pody in feTcr^l Cot- tages our Hanters had aifcover'd. He found twenty four or twenty five of them, built round like thofe I have before mehtion'd, ftanding on a ri(ing Ground, almofl: encompafs'4 by the River, in each of which there were four or five Men, and feveral Women and Children. .:; b ^ The Savages were fomewhat furprizM at Monfieur de la Sale's coming ^ however they receivM him in friendly Manner^ and coi^uift-i ed him to their Commander's Hut, whichiwas Immediately filVd with People* who came ts^iRre bim. The Elders came together there. Bul- locks Hides were laid upon the Ground, on which they made Monfieur de la Salp and his Company fit. They gave them hung Beef to tat, and then fignify'd to (hem that fome of their Allies had given them Notice of our being in the Country, and that we were going to the Cems, and they had imagin'd that we would pafs thro' their Country. Monfieur de la Sale prefented them with fome Knives and Bits ot Tabacco^ and they gave him Bullocks Hides, very well drefs'd with the Hair, they gave one for a Knife, and would have gi- ven many more* but that we told to them, that we had no Conveniency to carry them and that if they had any Horfes, he would give ^; them Axes in Exchange. They anfwer'd^ they had but two, which they coold not part with. ;i*- « ' ^. tth« rusry dthe p fee Cot- fottUd TO^nd nding by the ar five A'ti bib z'd at srthffy ichwas et$(Cee e, Bol- indy an ^nd bis Beef to it fome ticc of e were n'd that th fome ave him le Hair, haf e gi- them, hem and lid give •'d^ they rt with. Mtoijovirn America: 87 It being late nbea Monfiear de la Sale returned, f^^* t6S7 we ftaid there the reft of the Day, and fcveral v^^V^ Indians came to fee tts, in Hopes of receiving fome Prefent, offering us BaUocks Hides dreifed, which we would not burden our felves with* The Second, we fet out again, and halted fome Time in thct Village, where by the Way . v-, 5 we barter'd for fome CoUars, or a Sort of Knots ,> x^ j made of Bullocks Hides well drefsM, which the Natives make Ufe of to carry their Burdens, whether of Wood, Utenfils, or the Meat they kill* They prov'd of Ufe both to us and our Horfes, becaufe the Tliongs of thofe Collars iervM to make fait our Burdens. v. We proceeded on our Journey, through a Coqntry pleafant enough, but Sandy, and hav- }? M^'. ing crofs'd a large Plam, came to the Bank of JJ^°*^* a fine River, calm UMaligney or the Mifchie- vous, becaufe in Moufieur dt la Salens former Journey, an Alligator devoured one of his Ser- vants, who was fwimming over it. This River is as wide as the Seim at Roan^ feems to be very navigate and has a very pleafant Country a- ^ boat it. We IncamR'd in a little Wood adjcii- ing to it, and bark'd the Afpen Tre^s to bot.,,^ Our Hunters kill'd Beeves, wild Goats, Tur- keys and other Wild-Fowl, and among the indiaQ reft ibme Creatures as big as an indifferent Cat, k^t^-' very like a Rat, having a Bag under their Thrioaty in which they carry their Young* They feed upon I^uts and Acorns, are very fat, and thehr FleQi is much like Pig. Hard by there, we found a Pla^e where Monfieur ae la Sale^ in his former Journey had hid fome Parcels of Strings of Beads in the. Trunks of Trees, and we relted there till the Bighth of the Month During chat Time, no G 4 Day H S8 Monfttur de la S a l eV Second Vojage feb.xeif Day pafsM without feeing fomeofthe Nati^res, ^O'^ who fometimcs fpeni the whole Day with ns, ^ and faid they were of feveral Natious. Wc .made them fmoke, and always gave them fome fmall Prefeots. They admir*d that after we bad writ down fome Words they fpoketo us, we repeated them, looking on the Paper. 1 •. fofubu Whilft we ftatd, MoniJeur dt la Salt fet Men Cgitoe, at Work to make ' a portable Canoe, of long Poles, hew'd and joyn'd and then coTer'd with Bullocks Hides few'd together, having puird of! the Hair or Wool], as it may be call'd there. That Canoe was of "great Ufe to os, to crofs Rivers as well for our felves as for our Bag- gage, but the Horfcs fwam over. The Ninth,we put oor Canoe into the Water, and pafs'd the River in it, and incamp'd half a League from thence, on Account of the Grafs, which our Horfes flood in Need of to recover themfelves a little. The Tenth, we held on our Journey, croffing feveral fpacious Plains, the Grafs whereof was burnt, whence Monlieur ^r/454/e concluded, that there were many Na- tives thereabouts. He thought it convenient to provide Store of dry'd Flefli, for Fear we fliould not find Game in the Country we were gojing ro enter upon, and accordingly caufed feveral Beeves tobekilVd for that Purpofe. For that Reafon, we continued there till the 12th, when we went and incamped on the Bank of a River, which MonfiturdtU Sale hzd in his former Journey call'd d'Eun. At Night there arofe*a Storm, followM by Thunder and Rain, which fweU'd the Streams, and obliged us to ^ay there. The 13th and 14th we crofs'd four or five large RtvuletSi and then a fine #rn. -J/ ^*/-» 4= ■*♦:> cunoas t '»,^'-X'-,(i u««l4 '( '. *v M/e NORTH AMERICA. »9 « ■.■I". curious Country, diverfify'd with fcvcral little Feh,i6%7^ Woods, Hills and fmall Brooks, affording a de- lightful Profp^. That pleafant Country was terminated by a Wood, which we were to crofs, and were favour'd in it by a Way beaten by the Bullocks, and at Night we incamped there. The 15th, we traveled along a fine Meadow, then over Plains that had been burnt, and at Kight went to take our Reft on the Bank of a fmall Rivulet, about which we fa w fevcral Foot- fteps of Natives, which made us conclude w« , were not far from them ; . and therefore we doubled our Guard, to prevent being furpriz^d* The i6th, Monfieur deU Sale left me at the Guard of the Camp, and took Monfieur Cavt* Her his Brother, and feveo Men with him, to -^Wfi^e. go find out the Indians, They had not gone half a League before they fpied Horfes and a Namber of Cottages, without being themfelves {ica by the Savages. That Village ilood on the Side of a Hill, and contained about forty Huts, ftandiog together, befides f'- r^H^B J;< - ->■; - . ^6 Monfieur de la S a l fiV Secofid Vojdgi ) ^M^St what the others had told us, concerning a Na- *^^VN> tlon, where fomc of them had been, the Men whereof were like us, meaning ^he Spamardls, Henam'd to them the Nations we had pafs'd thtbugh from our Dwelling of St Lewis, to the River Maligttty which we had lately pafs'd. The Karnes of thofe Nations are as follows. The SpicheatSy Kabayes^ Thecamons^ Theaure- metSy Kiahoha^ Choumenes^ Koutms^ Arhun^ Ene» fiahe^ Ahonerhopiheim^ Kortnkakt^ Korkone^ Omean pjje, Kerinun^ Ahehotn^ Maghai^ Thecamiues^ Of en* ntarhem^ Kavagan and Meracouman, Thefe are the Nations that lay on our Ro^d *, thofe on the Weft and North Weft of the faid River, were the Kanfiehonan^ Tehaka, Pehir^ Coyabegvx^ Ona" fien^ Piebar^ Tehan^ Kiaffes^ Cbanzes^ Tfera^ Bo- eretteSy Tfepehoen^ Fere out eha^ Pamj^o^ Petao^ Pet^ ZMreSy Peif*choy Peihoum and Orcampion* Thofe we were with then, were call'd Tm^, whom we had not before hear'd nam'd. They talk'd of a great Nation call'd Ayona and Cano^ hMinOf who were at War with the Spaniards^ from whom they l!;ole Horfes, and told us, thaE one hnadred Spaniards were to have come to join the Cenisy to carry on that War, but that ha- ving heard of our March, they went back* Monfieur de la Sale gave them to underftand, that we were at War with the Spaniards^ and that we fearM them not ^ and that he was fent on their Account by the great Captain of the World, who had charged him to do them all Good, and to afiifl; them in their Warsagainft liich Nations as were their Enemies. ^ Tliofe Savages gave Monfieur de la Sale No- tice, that he would find three of our Men a- mong the Cenis^ which put him ia Hopes they were #Wo NORTH AMERICA. 9» ♦v were thofe he had given Leave to depart at his ft^^idjj; former Joarney, and of whom be had never fince heard. He proposed to them to barter for Horfes *, bat they had caas'd them to be con- vey'd oui of the Way, for Fear we (hould take them away, excepting only one Bay, which Monlieur dt la Sale agreed for and return'd to lis. The 17th, we pafsM a fmall River, with fome Difficulty, and incampM beyond it. The i8th, one of our Horfes going along the Edge of aa upright Bank, fell into the Water, and came off with only a Hart on the Shoulder v but we were fain to onload him, and diftribate his Bor- den among OS, every one making a Pack*, and thus we crofs*d a carious Phin, diveriify'd witn Woods, Hills^ Rivulets, and delightful Mea- dows. The ipth, we travellM along the Tops of thofe Hills, to avoid the Bottoms, and found a DiiEcttlty to get down, by Reafon of the Rocks we met with at the End of them, and a River we were to crofs. Whilfb we were paflihg that River, we heard Dogs hunting the Bui. locks, two of which coming near us, one of thf m was (hot dead* The Natives who were hunting fpying us, fent out two of their Kumber, who creeping from Tree to Tree, drew near, and thenftood ItiU, without daring to proceed any farther. We made Signs to them to come, which they did, and we made them fmoke, till Monfieur ^e/454/tf return'd, being gone a little Way to obferve the Body ot thofe People. When come, he told them, he would' enter- tain Peace with them, that we were going to ' ■ .. the m / Native, 92 ' Monfieur de la S a l e^ Second Foysge Tth.\e9i» the Cfwii, and hebeliev'd, that thefe very Men W^ were of thtir Nation, becaufe they had their Accent and fomeof their Words. They told him their Village was near that Place, and bore " us Company to our Camp, where after fome fmall PVefents given them, they were dif- mifsM. 'Jtemnt The 20th, Monfiear d* U Salt fent Mondeur ?r1!? z' ^ MtTMgtt and fome others to the Village of " thofc Nj^ivcs, to try whether they could bar- ter with them for fome Horfes. In the mean Time two Savages came to us, oue of them be- ing the fanie that was with us the Night before, and they exprefsM much Friend (hip for cs. That particular Indian told us, his Namevviss Pdar ijfutehaune^ thit they were Allies to thf: Cenis^ that their Chief hi^d been among the C^0M;»4»i, with the Spaniards \ that the Choumans were Friends to the Spaniards^ from whom they got Horfes, and added fome farther Particulars, which the others had before fignify'd to us ; fo that we had f^ood Reafoa vo judge we were not far from- J^ortb Mexico, He alfo told us, that the Choumans bad ^iveti their Chief fome Prefents, to perfWade him to conduft us to them % ihas molt of the faid Na- tion had flat Heads \ that they had Indian Corn, which cave Monfieur do La Sale Ground to be- lieve, that thole People were fomeof the fame he had feen upon his firft Oifcovcry. That fame I^itive had a very fine Goat's SKin, which I purchased of him for four Needles, after I bad ihewn him how to ufe them, and that Skin was of good Ufe to make us Shoes inltcad of raw Bullocks Hides. Some -. "V htol^ OKTH AMERICA. 1? 9j^e ryMen id their ey told ind bore er fome rre dif- Monlieur illage of aid bar- he mean them be- lt before, 0$. That n% Pala." he Cfw/, sns 9fere they got rttculars, :o us V fo c Y?ere *■. ad |iveti him to raid Na- ian Corn, i4 to be- the fame hat fame vvhich I ;er I bad hat Skin itead of Some Time after, Monfieor Morangtt re- ^*t '^*7- tara*d, ga?e MonGeur ^# iaSaU an Account of ^>^W. his Aort Journey, and faid, That one of the ^ ^^ Katirei, who faTV Ds the Night before, came to ranget*t meet and condu^ him to the Chief's Cottage, Acfmnu where forty ancient Indians weret by whom he had been kindly rcccivM. That the Chief bad in his Hand a Reed, at the End whereof -^ was made faft a Leaf of a French booky which he had an extraordinary Kefped for. Thac they had been made to ilc on Bullocks Hides, and treated with dry'd Beef. Thac after thele firft Ceremonies, the Chief bad given them to nnderftand, that fome of their People had been conducted by a (Vfan like as, to oar Habitation, and that the faid Man bad promised to bring them to tafk wichus, in order to treat of Peace ^ but that on the Con- trary, we had fired on them and kiird one of their Men, which had obligM them to kill the Man that led them, and that. then they re- - " tarn'd. It is not improper here to put the Rea- ' der in Mind, that I have before mention'^ this Accident, when the Sieur Barhitr eroding the River in a Canoe, was caird upon by fome Per* fon, who was among the Nitives on the Bank of the River, who had made two Shoes, as ic had been only the Priming of a Piece, which the Sieur Barbier had iook'd upon as an Infult, and therefore he had alfo fir'd,with all theo- [, ther Particulars, as mention'd before ; an Acci- dent that happenM for want of underftand- iag one another \ vvhich, together with Monfr. dt la Salens forbidding us to have any Commu- nication with the Natives, was very preiadici- alio us aftervyaids. ' After :V>< 94 M. I«87 •,'• Monfttur de la Sal b'j ieeond Voyige After much other Difcourfe, Monfiear Mi- rdHgtt having ^iven them fome (mall Prcfents, they made their Retarn in Bullocks Hides, and Goats Skins well drefs'd. He ask'd them for fome Horfes to barter y they anffrer'd, they had , no more than what they ftood in Need of. We immediately proceeded on our JoQrney,and that Day being the 21 ft, went to incamp at the Edgeot a Wood. The 22d, we went up to an Eminence ter- minated by a Rock, at the Foot whereof ran a lictle River, the Bottom whereof vras all of flat Rocks, fit for Building. Thence we defcryM two Natives driving of Bullocks, which made OS (land upon our Guard, and it appeared to be our IndUn^ who had met another, with whom he had been acquainted among the Offi/, and whom he had brought along with him. Monfieur dt la StU* was very glad to fee him, Three lofl and remcmber'd he was one of thofeof whom M^nbiiri ^® ^^^ purcha-'d a Horfe. He ask'd feveral •/. 1 Queftions of him, and among the re((, whether he had aot feen the four Men who deferted in his former Journey, or heard any Talk of the others, to whom he had given Leave to return to our Dwelling. He anfwer'd, he had feen one among the Oms^ and two others among the Jjfortis \ but that he had not heard of any more, and that they muft needs be dead ', as alfo the Sieur Bihoret^ who was likewife men- tion'd to him. He further told us, that there were four or five Cottages thereabouts, in which about Fif- teen Men refided. At Night he went away. Our Indian had kill'd a Cow at a great Diftance and ihoc her quite through, at which the other, who r hto Notfrn AMERICA, 95 who had been an Eye Witnefs to it, ftood a f^« (^^7 long Time amaz'd, without fpcaiting one ^^^Y^ Word, admiring the EfTedt of our Pieces. That Cow was fenc for, aod the Fle(h brought to our Camp. The 23d, we paf&'d by the Cottages we had been told of, where the Natives were with their Wives aad Children. Monfr. dt U Sale caus'd us to halt in the Village. We were well ' \ receiv'dt they prefented us with dry *d Beef, and - we returned it in feme Knives. We faw two Horfes, one of them a little grey, indiffereuc haodfome. They told us they would foon de- part that Place, to go join their Companions, who were in War with their Enemies. The relt of our Men being come up, we went on to ' incamp a League from thence, on the Bank of a Rivukt, and at the Foot of one of the highelt Mountains in the Country. Unloading our Horfes, we percciv'd there wanted a large Axe, which ferv'd us for hew- ing down of Trees. Moniieur de laSaie fenc his IfidiaH to demand it, at the Village we came from laft, the Savages faid they had not feen it, and it \yas loft. He brought back Word, that the Savages had told him, :iiat if we would ftay for them,* they would go along with, and ihewusthe Way. However, we went on the 24th, ^nd in- camp'd on the Edge of a Marfb. The 25th, the Rain hindered us from Marching. The 26th, Monfieor de U Sale perceiving how diffi- cult and dangerous it was to crofs that Marfh, feat his JndUn to the others, to know whether they really deilgn'd to go with us. They an- fwer'd, we muft retuia thither to join them. - The A...* ■«>1 ■ U'.. ]. it'i rq in- 1% ..1 P s"i 96 ' Monfieur de la Sal eV Second Voyage MiKt6%7 The 27Ch. wc dccamp'd, io order to it ; but took X/\^^ another Way to go meet the Indians, The l8th. we iivt them marching at a Diflance. One of them was detach'd to come tell us, that he woold (hew us the Way to crofs the Marfh, and wewent on and incampM at the Foot of the . high Mountain I have fpokea of. The firft of Afarchy we join'd the Indians^ on the Edge of the Mar(h> which we had julb croft'd, where the Rains kept us till the Fifth, during which Time we went to find out where we might pafs a rapid Torrent, that difcharges it felf into the River call'd of Cames^ which we pafsMthe6ch, in the Canoe we had made, and which did us good Service, to pafs other Rivers wemet with the 7th and the 8th on our Way. The 9th, we did not llir,becaufe of the Rain. i(iyer 0/ The icth, incamp'd on the Bank of a fmall Ri- Cmm* ver, which we crofsM the nth, and the fame Day another River* and incamp'd on the Bank of it, and found it adorn'd with very fine Mulberry Trees. The 1 2th vvc crofs'd an* other River, and incampM near it. The 13th, came again to the River of Cinor/, (6 callM by , Monfieur de U SaU^ becaufe he tht firft Time put Canoes into it, at his former Joarney. We pafs'd it the 14th, and incamped onthe other Side where we again join'd the Indians, '• The 1 5th, we held on our Journey with them and found a pleafantcr Country than that we had pafsM thro' ^ and Monileur de la Sale having in his former Journey hid fome Indian Wh^at Prvfiliont and Beans, two or three Leagues from that kidfffoilt. Place, and our Proviitons beginningto fall iborti it was thought fit to go to that Place. Accor* dingly he orderM the :>ieurs -D^^inir* Hms^Lte* ttt ;^' 'vi? into NORTH AMERICA. tst the Surgeon, his own Indian^ and hisFoot- man, whofe Name viz%Saget^ who were follow- ed by fome Natives, to go to the Place he de- fcribed to them, where they found all rotten and quite fpoilt. The 16', in their Return, they met with two Bullocks, which Monfieur dt la Sale's Indian kiird, whereupon they fent back his Footman, to give hiui Notice of what they had kill'd, that if he would have the Flefh dry'd, he might fend Horfes for it. The 17th, Monfieur ^e /4 ^4/ehad the Horfes taken up, arfd order'd the Sieurs Moranget and de Male and his Footman, to go for that Meat, and fend back a Horfe Load immediately, till the reft was dry'd. Monfieur Moranget^ when he came thither, found they had fraoak'd both the Beeves, tho' they were not dry enough ; and the faid Sieurs Liototy Hiens, Duhaut and the reft had laid a fide the Marrow-Bones and others to roaft them, and eat the Flefli that remain'd on them, as was ufual to do. The Sieur Moranget found fault with it, he in a Pa01on feiz'd not only the Flefti that was fmoak'd and dry'd, but alfo the Bones, without giving them any Thing ; but on the contrary, threatning they (hould not eat fo much of it, as they had imagin'd, and that he would manage that Flefh after another Manner. This paflionate Behaviour, fo much out of Seafon, and contrary to Reafon and Guftom, touchM the Surgeon Uotot^ Heins and Duhaut to the Quick, they having other Caufes of Com- plaint agaiaft Moranget, They withdrew, and refolv'd together upon a bloody Revenge ^ they agreed upon the Manner of it, and concluded they would murder the Sieur Moranget^ Mon- H licur .97 Mir. 15^7 DifiOntefit occujion'd by xMovJr, Moraa- Confpificy to murder Nionfr, de U Sale, i' li i '!i Bloody 98 MonfteuY de la S A L "€$ Second Vojage Ahr.i6^7 Hear de U Sde\ Footman aad his Indian^ becaufe W"^ he was very faithful to him. They waited tiU Kight, when thofe unfortu- nate Creatures had fuppM and were afleep. Liotot the Surgeon was the inhumanExecutioiter, he took an Ax, began by the Sieur Moranget^ giving him many Strokes on the Head \ the Murderers fame he did by the Footman and the Indian^ killing them on the Spot, whilll: his Fellow Villains, viz., Duhaut^ Hiens^ Teijfur znd Lar^ chevtque ftood upon their Guard,' with their Arms, to fire* upon fuch as (hould make any Re- fi dance. The Indian and the Footman never ftir'd, but the SieUr Moran^et had fo much Vi- gour as to fit up, but without being able to fpeak one Word, and the AfTafins obliged the Sieur de Marie to make an End of him) tho' he was not in the Confpiracy. This Slaughter had yet fatisfy'd bat one Part of the Revenge of thofe Murderers. To finifh it and fecure themfelves it was requifite to de- Kr'^de ^^^^ ^^^ Commander in Chief. They confult- laSdle. ^^ about the fafelt Method to effect it» and refolve to go together to Moniieur dt U Sale^ to knock out the Brains of the mofl: refo- lute immediately, and then it would be eafier to overcome the reft. But the River, which was between them and us, being much fwollen, the Difficulty of pafTing it made them put it ofTthe 1 8th and 19th. On the other Hand Monfiear dtla Sale was very uneafy, on Account of their long Stay. His Impatience made him refolve to go himfelf to find out his People and U know the Caufe of it. This was not done without many previous Tokens of Concern, and Apprehenfion. He / ^-I'-u, . .f' .- ;; ftcmM Cotiftlt to murder \ . n t Voyage i», becaufe fe anforta- ere afleep. cecutioiler, Moranget^ iead; the the Indian^ his Fellow )r and Lat' with their ike any Re- man never 3 much Vi- ing able to obliged the im» tho' he at one Part To finilh lifite to de- ley confalt-' &, it» and iieur di U e molt refo- be eafier to which was wollen, the ut it ofTthe d Moniiear int of their him refoive iple and U ly prcfions iniion. He feem'd /W^NORTH AMERICA. 99 feem'dto have feme Prefage of his Misfortune, ^*r.^6^7 enquiring of fome, whether the Sieur Liotot^ ^>^WJ JHiens and Duhaut had not cxprefs'd ibme Dif- ^^ content ^ and not hearing any Thing of it, he fuk^tkm, could not forbear fetting out the 20th, with Father Anajtafius and an Indian^ leaving me the Command in his Abfence, and charging me from Time to Time to go the Rounds abo':t our Camp, to prevent being furpriz'd, and to make a Smoke for him to diredt his Way in Cafe of Keed. When he came near the Dwelling of the Murderers, looking out (harp to dilbover fomething, he obferved Eagles fluttering • about a Spot, not far from them, which made him believe they had found fome Carrion about the Manfion, and he fired a Shot,, which was the Signal of his Death and forwarded it. The Confpirators hearing the Shot, conclu- ded it was Monlieur deUSaie, who was come to feek them. They made ready their Arms and provided to furprize hint. Duhaut pafTed the River, with Larcheveque. The firft of them fpying Monlieur de U Sale at a Diftance, as he was coming towards them, advanced and hid himiTelf among the high Weeds, to wait his pafling by, fo that Mon iieur de la Sale fufpeding nothing, and having not fo much as charg'd his Piece again, faw the aforefaid Larcheveque at a good pittance from him, and immediately ask'd for his Nephew Mtranget^ to which Larcheveque anfwer'd, That he was along the River. At the (ame Time the Traitor Duhaut fired his Piece and (hot Monfr. de la Sale thro* the Head, {9 iliat he dropped down dead on the Spot, without fpeaking one Word. Js mur- der'd. ■■si' '}'':: H 2 Father^ m Hh Chi- 100 Mon^eur de la Sal E'i Second Foyage Mir i($S7 Father Afafiapus^ who was then by his Side^ ^>'V^ ftood ftock ftillina Fright, expeding the fame Fate, and not knowing whether he fliould go forwards or backwards \ but the Murderer Duhaut put him out of that Dread, bidding him not to fear, for no Hurt was intended him ; that it was Defpair that had prevaiPd with him to do what he faw ^ that he had long defired to be revenged on /Joranget^ becaufe he had defign'd to ruin him, and that he was partly the Occafion of his Uncle's Death. This is the exadt Relation of that Murder, as it was pre- fently after told me by F. Anaftafius, Such was the unfortunate £nd of Monfieur de la Sale's Life, at a Time when he might en- tertain the greateft Hopes, as the Reward of his Labours. He had a Capac'ty and Talent to make his Enterprise fuccefsful *, his Conflancy and Courage and his extraordinary Knowledge in Arts and Sciences, which render'd him fie for any Thing, together with an indefatigable Body, which made him furmount all Difficakies, would have procured a glorious IfRic to his Un- dertaking, had not allthofe excellent Qualities been counterbalanced by too haughty a Beha- viour, which foinetimes made him infupporta- ble, and by a Rigidnefs towards thofe that were under his Command, which at laft drew . on him an imphcable Hatred, and was the Oc- cafion of his Death. ^t The Shot which had kill'd Monfieur de la Salt^ < was alfb a Signal of the Murder to the AfTaffios for them to draw near. They all repair'd to . the Place where the wretched dead Corps lay, tolX^ which they barbarouQy ftrip'd to the Shirt, and the deli ycnted their Malice ia vile and opprobrious B3dj, ,, . Language. w/oNORTH AMERICA. loi . Language. The Surgeon Liotot fa id feverU f^Jl^l?^ Times in Scorn and Derilion, Ihere thou ^•^'^^^^, //e/?, Great Bajfa^ there thou Heft, In ConcUi- lion, they dragged it naked among the Bufhes, and left it expofed to the ravenous Wild Beafls. So far was it from what a certain Au- thor writes, of their having bury'd him and fee op a Crofs on his Grave. When thofe Murderers had fatiateJ their ^^rdffers Rage, they fet out to come to us at our Camp, 'f'"? '* with the dry'd Flefh, which they had caus'd to '*''"""?• be brought over the River by the Indians^ who had been Spectators of the Murder and of all the inhuman Anions that had been committed, with Amazement and Contempt of us. When they were come to the Camp, they found Mcf- jjeurs Cavelier^ the one Brother, the other Ne- phew to the murder'd Commander, whom Fa- ther jittitftafius sLcquumtcd with the difmal End of our Chief, and enjoynM them Silence, whi-wh it if eafy to imagine was very hard upon them *, but it was abfolutely necelFary. However, Monfieur CaveJier the Prief!^, 4ffi4r^ an unkind P /^ception, and then to make the belt of.our •7ay back. Being come up to him, I fpoke fome Words of SpMniJh and^talian, to which he return'd no Anfwcr •, but on the contrary, made ufc of the Word Coujftca^ which in the Lan- guage of the Cenis^ fignifies, / do not under- ^ itMd you ; which Anfwer ot his remov'd our Apprehenfions. The two others were quite naked, one of them being mounted on a fine grey Mare, and on her were befides two Panniers, handfomly made of Reeds, full of very fine Meal parch'd, or roaftcd. / - ' ter feveral Qpeftions, to which we had no ' very fatisfaftory Anfwers, we lighted Fire to make them fmoke, and then they prefented us with the two Panniers full of Meal, giv- ing us to underftand, that their Chief ex- peded us in the Village, and having iigni- fy'd, that they were fent to meet us, we ' gave them fome Knives and StriD£'> of Beads, We .. ' \ l'•■'^ frA "i'i ■■i I! I ;! Ifl 106 Monfieur de /a S A l e'/ Second Voyage JWJM687 Weask'd them, whether they had any Men ^yy^^ among them like him that was a Horfeback in the Sf^tnilh Habit, they anfwcr'd* there were two in a Neighbouring Nation, call'd -AJfony^ and that he who was clad, had been 10 their Country, and brought thence the Cloaths we faw him wear. That Man then Ibew'd us a 5^4. nifh printed Paper, containing the Indulgences granted to the Millloners of New Mtxico. After this they left ns to go on, to our People, for which Reafon I writ a Kote,gi?ing an Account of our having met them. We alighted to eat, and let our Horfes graze on the Bank of a Rivulet^ biitit wasnot long before the fame Natives, who had been with us before, appeared again hard by us. We made Signs to them to draw near and eat with US', which they did, and then went along with us towards the Village, which we would not go into, becaufe it was Night* The Indian that was clad,lUy'd all Nighr with us, an4 the two others went away. Whei it wjs Day, we held on our Way to the Village *, the Jndinn that W4S with os con- !?/ 5lt-^' dudipg us to their Chiefs Cottage. By the Way, "" we faw many other Cottages, and the Elders coming to meet us in their Formalities, which confifted in fome GoatsSkins drefs'd and painted of feveral Colours, which they wore on their Shoulders like Belts, and Plumes of Feathers of feveral Colours, on their Heads, like Coro- nets. Six or feven of them had fquare Sword Blades, like the Spanilh^ on the Hilts w hereof they had faften'd great Plumes of fea- thers, and feveral Hawks Bells ; fome ct them had Clubs, which they call Head-breakers » fome 9^H meet the French in jolcmn Miinner, w/(? NORTH AMERICA. 107 only their Bows and Arrows-, others, Bits of M^'»i6i9 white Linen, reaching from Shoulder to Shoul- '^y^T^ der. All their Faces were daubM with black or red* There were twelve Elders, who walked in the Middle, and the Youth and Warriors in Ranks, on the Sides of thofe old Men. Being come up to us in that Manner, he that coadudied us, made a Sign for us to halt, which when we had done, all the old Mea lifted up their Right Hands above their Heads, crying out in a raofl: ridiculous Manner^ bat it behcv'd us to have a Care of laughing. That done, they came and imbrac'd us, uHng all Sorts of Endearments. Then they made us fmoke, . , and brought to us a French Man of Provence^ Mm7' who was one of thofe that had forfaken the mong the lace Moafieur de la Sale^ at his firit Journey. iniiau. The whole Com|>«iy conduced us after the fame Manner, to their Chief's Cottage ^and af- ter we had ilaid there a (hort Time, they led us to a larger Cottage, a Quarter of a League from tiience, being the Hut in which they h;)ve their publick Rejoycings, and the great Af- femblies. We found itfarnilh'd with Mats for indUnEn" us to fit on. The Elders feated themfclves round tertAin- about us, and they brought us to eat, fome mw'»r. Sagamif^ which is their Pottage, little Beans, Bread made of Indian Corn, and another Sore they make with boil'd Flower, and at laft they made us fmoke. Daring our Repaflr, they entertain'd us vvich thj Difcouie of their Oefignto make War oa a Nation, who were their Enemies, and whom they called Canntkatttimo. When it was over, we prelented tbem, according to Cuflom, with fome Knives and Strings of Beads for r their '..« i''fc- ■i' if Mir. 1687 m^^H % 'M 1 ' i ! 1 ! it 'VIM 'H8 [ \h I'M Sul |,;|! Mil and i i ' 1 Families f|H1 l\\\ ' itttbem. jj^HM j.^ B^uft '1 '1 wBi ! 1 . ' ■ ■ 'i, ■ I ' ' - " If ■■ - • . ■i :i I^^K ': ihl ■ - 108 Monfieur de la S A L eV 5frW Voyage their Wives. Wc dcfir'd them to afford as fome IndUn Corn, in Exchange for other Things, which they promis*dy and the French Man who was with them, having told us, that there was a Diftrid^, which afforded more Corn, than that where we were, and where his Cottage was, wc refolv'd tc go thither. Wc proposM it to the Elders, who would needs go along with us, attended by a great Number of Yoath, and having got ready our Horfes, we fct oat for that Place. By the Way, we faw feveral Cottages at certain Dtftances, (Iragling up and down, as the Ground happens to he fit for Tillage. The Field lies about the Cottage, and at other Di' dances there arc other large Huts, not inha- bited, bnt only ferving for pubHck AfFembliev, either upon Occafion of Rejoycings, or to con- fult about Peace and War. The Cottages that are inhabited, are not each of them for a private Familyi for in fome of them there are fifteen or twenty, each of which has its Nook or Corner, Bed and other Ucenfilsco itsfetf^ but without any Partition to feparate it from the reft : However, they have Nothing in Conimon befides the Fire, which is in the Midft of the Hut, and never goes out. It is made of great Trees, the Ends whereof are laid together, fo that when once lighted, it lafls a long Time, and the firft Comer takes Care to keep it up. The Cottages are round at the Top, afrer the Manner of a Bee-Hive> or a Reek of Hay. Some of them arc fix ty Foot Diameter. In Or- der to build them, they plant Trees as thick as a Man's Thigh, tall and ftrait, and placing - . :< them Mtmtf of Building* ( Vojdge afford us for other the French ig told us, brded more and where go thither. rho would by a great ; ready our Cottages at lowD, as the illage. The t other Di» , not inha- Aflemblief, ( or to con- id, are not for in fome ty, each of d and other ly Partitioa wever, they s the Fire, and never I, the Ends when once d the firft Top, affer rekof Hay. ter. In Or- ses as thick and placing them into NORTH AMERICA. 109 them in a Circle, and joyning the Tops togc- Mgr,\6%f thcr, from the Dome, or round Top, then ^-/*V^^ they lafli and cover them with Weeds. When they remove their Dwellings, they generally burn the Cottages they leave, and build new on the Groand they defign to inhabit* Their Moveables are fome Bullocks Hides TbHrmtve and Goats Skins well cur'd, fome Mats clofe «*'! no MofifeurdQ la S A L e'/ Second Voyage Jliri687 another Piece of Wood (harp Pointed at one w^VX; End into the Slit. This Inftrument fervcs them inft'ead of a Hoe, or Spade, for they have DO Iron Tools. When the Land has been thus Women fow i\\y^ q^ broke tip, the Women Sow and Plant i^e IndUn Corn, Beans, Pompions, Water ' Melons, and other Grain and Garden Ware, which is for their Suftenance. V* The Indians are gooerally Handfom, but Indians disfigure themfelves by making Scores, or dish^re Streaks on their Faces, from the Top of the thmfdvcs. Forehead down the Nofe to the Tip of the Chin \ which is done by pricking the Skin with Needles, or other (harp Inftruments, till it bleeds, whereon they ftrevv fine Powder of Charcoal, and that finks in and mixes with the Blood within the Skin. They alfo make after the fame Manner, the Figures of living Crea- tures, of Leaves andFlc /ers on their Shoul- ders, Thighs, and other Parts of their Bodies, and Paint themfelves, a- has been faid before, with Black or Red, and fometinies both to- gether. The Women are generally well Shap'd, and Wmtnt would not be difagreeable, did they adhere to Nature \ but they Difguife themfelves as ridiculoufly as the Men, not only with the Streak they have like them down their Face, but by other Figures they make on it, at the Corners of their Eyes, and on the other Parts of their Bodies^ whereof they make more particular Show on their Bofom, and . _ thofe who have the mofb, are reckoned the handfomefl: ^ tho' that prickiog in that Part be extremely painful to tb€m. <■ L. , ,. It id at one ;n« ferves they have i been thus and Plant as. Water Icn Ware, dfom, but Scores, or rop of the Tip of the le Skin with | nts, till it Powder of es with the I I make after living Crea- :heir Shoul- [icir Bodies, faid before, ;s both to- 1 Shap'd, and :hey adhere iemfelves as [y with the own their lake on it, the other th^y make Bofom, and [ckoned the ;hat Part be hto NORTH AMERICA. in It is they that do all the Work in the Cot- ^'r.idSr tage, either in Pounding the Indian Corn and ^^^^ Baking the Meal, or making the Pottage of j^^4 « the faid Meal, by them calVd Sagamitt^ or in some, drefling their other Proviltons, or drying or parching, or fmoakiog their Flefli, fetching the Wood they have Occalion for, or the Flelh of Bullocks, or other Beafts killM by their Hasbands in the Woods, which are often at a great Diftance, and afterwards Drefling them as has been faid. They Sow and Plant, when the Land has been broke up, and in ihort, do almofl: all that is requifite for the Support of Life. ' -i I did not obfervc that thofe Women were naturally given toLewdnefs^ but their Virtue Their B«. is not Proof againlb fome of our Toys, when ^-^vw**^- prefented them, as Needles, Knives, and more particularly Strings of Beads, whereof they make Necklaces and Bracelets, and that Temp* tation is rarely refilled by them, and the lefs becaofe they have no Religion or Law to pro- hibit that vile Practice. It is true their Hus* bands, when they take them in the Fadt, fome-> times do punifh them, cither by Separation or otherwife j but that is rare* The Country of thofe Indians being generally fttbjeft to no Cold, almoft all of them go naked *, ^^^''• unlefs when the NortJk Wind blows, then they cover themfclvcs with a Bullock*s Hide, or Goat's Skin cur'd. The Women wear nothing but a Skin, Mat, or Clout, hanging round them like a Petticoat, and reaching down half way their Legs, which hides their Naked nefs before and behind. On their Heads they have no- r thing It \'l ^lighn* m 1 1*2 Monfieur de la S a l eV Second Voyage Afjr.i68 7thingbut their Hair platted and knotted be- *>^V^ hind. Mmntru ^^ ^^ ^^^^ Manners, it may be faid of thefe as of all other Indiars of that great Con- tinent, that they are not Mifchievoas, unlefs ' wrong'd or attackM •, in which Cafe they are an Fierce and Revengeful. They watch all Opportunities to be Reveng'd, and never let : any flip> when offer'd, which is the Caufe of their being continually at War with their Neighbours, and of that Martial Humour, fo Predominant among them. As to the Knowledge of a God, they did not feem to as to have any lix'd Notion of Him^ it is true, we met with fome on our Way, who as far as we could judge, believM, there was fome Superior Being, which was above all Things, and this they teftify'd by lifting up their Hands and Eyes to Heaven, yet without any Manner of Concern, as believing that the faid exalted Being does not regard at all, what is done here below. However none of them having any Places of Worfhip, Ceremonies, or Prayers, to denote the divine Homage, ic may be faid of them all, that they have no Re- ligion, at lead: thofethatwe faw. However, they obferve fome Ceremonies ; but whether they have any Regard to a real or pretended Superior Being, or whether they are only popular, and proceeding from Cuftom, is what we were not able to difcover. Ttiofe Ce- remonies are as follows. When the Corn is ripe, they gather a certain Quantity in a Maund or Basket, which is placed on a Sort of Seat or Stool, dedicated to that Ufe, and ferving on- ly upon thofe millerious Occafions, which they have a great Veneration for. ^ The Cerem met. /;!//o NORTH AMERICA. uj The Basket with the Corn being placed on Mar.ieSj that honour'd Stool, one of the Elders holds <>^W^ cat his Hands over it, and talks a long Time •, after which, the faid old Man diftribtff^s the Corn among the Wonxn, and no Perfon is al- low'd to eat of the new Corn,till eight Days af- ter that Ceremony. This feems to be in the Nature of Offering up or Blcfling the firft Fruits of their Harveft. At their Aflemblies, when the Sagdmite, or Pottage, which is the moft elTential Part of their Meal, is boil'd in a great Pot, they place that Pot on the Stool of Ceremony above men- tioa'di and one of the Elders (Iretchesout his Hands over it, muttering Come Words between his Teeth for a confiderable Time, a'^er which, they fall to eat. WHen the young Folks are grown up to be fit to o the Wars, and take upon them to be S :u :^rs, their Garment, confifting of fome Skin, Ok" Clout, together with their Bow, Quiver and Arrows, is placed on the aforefaid Stool, an old Man ftretches ont his Hands over them, mutters the Words as above, and then the Gar- ments, Bows, Quivers, and Arrows are given to the Perfons they belong to. This may be compar'd to Something of a Ceremony of Knighting anong them. The fame Ceremo- nies are us'd by them in the cultivating of their f^^^cco Grain and Produd, but particularly ot the Ta- bacco, whereof they have a Sort, which has foialler L eaves than Oars \ it is almolt ever green, and they ufe it in Leaves. '* This ii what we obferv'd among the Cm/, whofe Caftoms and Manners differ vqry little from thofc of other Nations, which we had feen I before* % B I m m Vfht is meant 1 !4 Monjteur de la S a l "^s Second Voy^ige Mir. 16^7 before and faw afterwards. As to the Point of ^-^VX; Religion, it is not to be infer'd from what I have faid above, that there is none throughout that wslk Continent .* The Account 1 have given only regards thofe Nations we faw ^ there may be others that have iocn^ Wor&ip, and I re- member I have heard Monfieur d* la Sale fay, chat the Kation caUM Tahnfa^ neighbouring on the Jflinois^ ador'd the Fire, and that they had Cottages which they made ufe of, as Tem- ples. Before I conclude this ihort Account of the Religion, Cuftoms and Manners of the Cm/, which belonged properly to this Place, it is bersbjit.^t here alfo to obferve, that the Word islation, is not to be underftood, among thofe Indians^ to denote a People poflefling a whole Proviace, or vaft Extent of Land. Thofe Na- tions are no other than a Parcel of Villages, : difpcrs'd for the Space of twenty or thirty Leagues at moft, which compofe adiftin^t Peo- ple or Nation *, and they differ from one ano- ther rather in Language than in Manners, wherein they are all much alike, or at lealt they vary but little, as has been mention'd above. As for the Names of them, here fol- low thofe of fuch as we traveled through, or were near the Way we held from our leaving . our Habitation near the Bay of the Holy Ghoft, till we came among the Ctnis. The Spicheats^ Kabayes^ ThtcamonSy Thearemtts^ Names of ^^^^^^^t Chaumenes^ Kouans^ Arhau^ Enepiahtj Nmotif, J^honerhofiht^im^ Koiittkahef Konhom^ Omtaojft^ Keremeftj Ahikeusn^ Me^hty^ Tttamtms^ Otemnar' htrty Kouayon and Mtracouman, All thefe Na- tions are on the North of the River called U Mali^nt, Point of \ what 1 OQghoak ve giTea here may and Ite- SnU fay, ;hbooring that they as Tem- mt of the the C«»w, ace, it is he Word ong thofc g a whole rhofc Na- ►f Villages or thirty iftina Pco- t one anO" Mannersi or at leafl: mention'd here fol- irotigh) or )ar leaving Loly Ghoft, TToeartmtts^ Omeaojft^ , Ottmnar' thcfe Na- |r called U sjffo NORTH AMERICA.^ ii? Msligne. Thofc that foHow, are on the Weft ^^''•1687 ajid North- Weft of the fime Riv^r. v^VV^ Onufien^ Picker, Toidu^ Kusfes^ Chancres^ Tf/e- rslf^crttis^ Iftfehtutit^ Fercwtehd, T^nego^ Pet 40^ "^ Petz^art^ Peifneht^ Pethoun^ Orcan and Piou, This laft Nation borders upon the dnis^ at the £r- trance into whofe firft Village I left my Reader^ to give an Account of the Inhabitants, aad thither I return, to proceed with my Relation and OMr Journey to tic Village, the French Man whptiv'd among theNatives was to condud us to. We arriv'd there at Night, and found other Elders coming out to meet us, much after the lame Marnier as the others mention'd before. They led us to their Cottage, made us lit down OH Mats and fmoke* hut not with fo much Ce- nemoiny as th« others. That done, it was Time for -Js to take our Re(t» having given them to underAand that we were weary. j The Prtnch Provencd would needs have us go to his Ck)ittag«, that is to the Hut where he French fcukd his Dwelling \ for, as I have faid, there ^""'*V'' arc fevcral Families in one of them, and that 5J^*-JJ„* was one of the greatelt in the Canton, having been t-he Habitation of one of their Chief's, lately deceased. They allotted us a Place there, for our Goods and Packs, the Womeo immediately made 54- gamite or Pottage, and gave it us. Having eaten, we ask'd the freneh Man whether we werefafe, and he anfwering we were, we lay down, but yet could not deep found. The next Day, being the firft of /Ipril^ the Elders came to receive and conduced us to the Cottage where we bad been the Day before. I 2 After <^W^ fome Body moving near my Bed, and opening my Eyes, by the Light of the Fire, which ne- ver goes out in thofe Cottages, perceivM a Manftark naked, with a Bow and two Arrows TheJutbor in his Hand, who came and fat down by me, meeti mo- without faying any Thing. Iview'd him for '^f^'^*^* fome Time^ I fpokc to him, he made me no An- \lfjZ\ fwer, and not knowing what to think of it, I laid hold of my two Piftols and my Firelock, which the Man perceiving, he went and fat by the Fire. I follow'd, and looking ftedfaftly on him^ he knew and fpoke to me, thrc!7?!ng hi» Afms about and embracing me, and then made bimfelf known to be one of the Fren(:t| Mea I had fent for. We fell Into Dilbourfe, I ask'd him for his Comrade, he (old me, he dur(b not come, for fear of M onfieiir dtUSaU, They were both Sailors, this Man» who was of Britapy^ was caird Sufer •, the other, of RochellefiroHet, They had, in t)iat ftiort Space of Time, fo perfeftly enur'd thcmlclves to the Cuftoms of the Natives, twn^du^ that they were become meer Savages. They ^jgc. were naked, their Faces and Bodies with Fi- gures wrought on them, like the reft. They had taken feveral Wives, been at the Wars and Kill d their Enemies with their Firelocks, which had gain'd them Reputation; but having no more Pbwder nor Ball, their Arms were growa ufeleft, and they hiid been forcM to learn to ihoot with Bows and Arrows. As for Religion, they were not troubled with much of it, and that Libertine XAit they led) was plf af- JDg tothemt ' ' ■ I 3 I >|pr.i5S7« I acquamced this Maa with the uafortanate V^W Death of Monfr. de la Salt, his Nephew and the refl-, at which, he was furpris'daad concerned, at leaft in outward Appearance. lask'd him, whether he had not heard talk of the Mijpfipi *, he told tne lie h^d nol vbiu only that there was a great River forty Leagijies from thence to* w^rds the Mjr. where the 'Natives faid there were many Nations along its Bajaks. That made roe believe* it was the very^ River we were in Search of, or at leaft that it roufl; be the Way to come at it. 1 gave him to eat, and we wenttoRcft^^rt.g , * . The ne.^ct andthe fbuowing Days, 1 cooti« cu'd trading, and the filders their Viiits, and their Difcoorfe by Signs, concerning their in- tended War. Some of them gave me toonder- ilaud, that they had been among the 5f^i^r<9f/, viho are nevertnelefi ^boat two hundred Lei^gQes from them, ri'hey fpoke ibme Words of bro- ken Spanijh^lzi Cdfita^ instead of Cf^iMv, a. Cap- tain, and tV^4x;///<» inftead o£'^4Vif/f0, t Horie, and fo of fome others. Buter^ the Frtncb Man returned to his Dwelling, I gave him fome Strings of Beads for his Wives, and deHr'd him to fend the other Frfuch Man to me. In the mean Time my being alone,' as to a- ny Perfon I <;ould con^erfe witb» grew very irkfometome, and I know not whether an old Man did npt perceive it , for he thought it brought to would beT)roperto bring a Companion, to di- '*^^"'**"*vertme, andat Night I was furpris'd to fee a yoang Maid come fit down by me, and to hear the old Man tell me, he had brought her to be my Wife, and gave her to me; bat 1 had far dii^erent Thoughts to diHurb me. I fpoke not iu^A MaU one %ki.i MfoUOKTU AMERICA; 119 one Word to that poor Maid ; (be ftay'd fomc ^P^' ^^^7 Time expeAing I would take Notice of her, and VOP^ perceiving I did not (tir, or fpeak one Word, - - flie withdreif . Thus I continu'd, without hearing any News, French till the Sixth of Jprily when the two Frtnch Men, ^«» «*« I have fpoken of, came both, in the Mia» in^iaos. Drefs, each of them having only a Clout about , ; him, fome Turky Feathers on their Shoulders, their Heads and Feet bare. The latter of them whofe Name was GrpUtt^ had not confented to ,/ have his Face mark'd like the other, nor to cut his Hair after the Mian Manner *, for thofe People cut off all theirs, except a fmall Lock on the Crown of the Head, like the Turks, only fome of them have fmall Trefles on the Temples. '^4^1 - i repeated to them the Narrative of Mon- (ieur dt U SaWs unfortunate Story* They con* firm'd what i had been told before, that the Natives had talk'd to them of the great River, which was forty Leagues off, towards the ]& E. i^v&. h> i and that there were People like us, that dwelt on the Banks of it. This confirmed me in the Opinion, that it was the River To much foughe after, B*\d that we rouft go that Way to return to Cdrntda or towards New England. They told m?) they would willingly go with us. I defired them to keep it fecret, which they did not, for being informed that Monfieur Cavtlier and the others were coming, they went to meet them, and I was again left alo|ie. The 8th, three Men came to me, onepf which was the French Man of Provence^ with each of them a Horfr, lent by oijr People to carry away all the Provifions I had got together, . ^ I 4 having )^ li 120 7be Mur- derers re- folve to re- turn to the ffibition ^f U, Le* wis. IbeAuthor and others refotve to part from she Alur- iierers. Monfieur de la Sal e'/ Secwtid l^ejage having taken a Refolotion* as thole Perfons they had fent told us, to retarn to the Dwel- ling of St. Ltwis^ about the Bay of the fame Name, from whence we came ^ defigning, as they pretended, to build a Boat there, to car- ry them over to the Iflands of jimtrics ^ an im« pra^icable Notion, for all our Carpenters were dead, and tho'they had been alive, they were £o ignorant, that none of them would have known which Way to go about that Work; beddes that,we were destitute of all Neceflaries for that Effect. However we maft obey, and fet out with our Provifions. The Rain having detained us the 9th on the Way, we could not come up to them till the next Day, being the Tenth. Father jinaftafius c^vft me the Confirmation of that Defign, and rarther told me how rough- ly they had been treated by thofe Murderers lince my Departure. I know not what it was chat mov'd them to it, but they had refolved to feperate themfelves from thofe Villains, and that we (hould eat apart, itiz,, Monfieur Cdvelier the Prieft, F. jindftafius^ young Cdvelier and I, which was very agreeable to as, becaufeat leafb we could talk freely, which we durft not do before ; but at the fame Time they allow'd us no more F'rovifions than would fuilice to keep as from (tar ving, without giving us Shartofany Flcfh, tho* they often kill'd. Our Tyrants (till holding their Refolutionto return to our foyner Habitation, thought they had not Horfes enough, and therefore deputed four of their Number, one of which was the ffench Man half turn'd Indian^ to return to the Village of the Ctms and e^deaYoa^ to barter for feme into NORTH AMERICA. 121 fome. At the fame Time we agreed together ^pr»i6^7 to let thofe Gentlemen know, that we were too Vy^V^i' mach fatigued to return with them to the faid Habitation, and were refoWed to remain in the Village of the Ceniu Monlieur Caveiier undertook to be our Speaker, and to defire Dtf- hduty who was Mafter of all, to give us fome Axes, Knives and Strings of Beads, Powder and Shot, offering to give him a Note of bis Hand for the fame. To conclude, Monlieur Caveiier made the _ , ,. Propofalto Duhauty difguis'd it the bed he was figMur' able, and Duhaut took till the next Day tore- itten, turn his Anfwer. He confulted with his Com- panions, and acquainted us, that they would deal handfomely by us* and give us half the Ef- fects and all tjie Axes, intending to make the moft Speed they could, to gee to our former Dwelling, and to put in Execution what they had before defign'd, as to the Building of a Bark. But in Cafe they could not fucceed^ for want of Neceflaries, they would immediately return to us a.d bring F. Zenobius along with them, who would be ferviceable to us, becaufe, having been with Monlieur de la Sale upon his firfl: Dif- covery, he underftood the Language of the Na- tions about the Miffipi River. That whiift they were upon that Journey, we Ihould take Care to gather a Stock of Proviiions,and that if they fucceeded in building the Bark, they would fend us Word, that we might repair to them. Monfieur Ciw/iVr approv'd of all they faid, tho' we had other Deligns. However it provM we ' were all Miftaken, for Providence had ois..r*d Affairs otherwife. We 122 MonpHtr de la Sal eV StconAVoynge Apr,i6%7 Wcftay'd there fome Time, expeAiog thofe II U^VX; ^ho were gone to the C#»/i, they ftayiog longer than was requifite for that Journey. The over- flowing of the River was their Pretence, but the true Reafon was the Wooaen; who as I have laid, are not fo forward as to offer themfetves, but on the other Hand wilt not be over diflScult in complying for fome little Prefent, and thofe who were fent did not gradge their Time. In the mean while the Pofture of our Affairs chang- ed, ai follows. Mwierefi ^"* of our half Savage Frtnch Men, whom I ikange had acquainted with our Defign to go find the tbe,rMind, Mijfifipiy communicated it to Hauft^ telling him all the Particulars he had before acquainted me with \ whereupon Dfbdut changed his Mind, as to the Defign of going to th^ Habitation of St. Lewisy refolving to follow bur intended Way and execute our ProjeA. He imparted his Thoughts to his Companions, who were of the fame Opinion,and all of them acquainted us^that they were ready to put in Execution the Enter- prize we had form*d. This Change troubled us very much, there being nothing we coveted more than to part with thofe Mifcreants, from whom we could at a long Run expert no better Ufage than they had afforded our Commander and his Friends. However, it was itill requifite to d if* femble, there being no other Remedy at that Time : But God's Juftice provided for and ref^ tued Qs. We continued in that Camp all the * remaining Part oijiffil^ expcAing the Perfons that had been lent to th« Cm/, and Duhtiut in- tending to begin to put in Execution his Dciign of going to find oat the Mtjppfh with us, made ■ ' ■ ' , us ag thofe R longer he over- Dce, but as I have !mfc)ves, • difficult ind thofe itne. In rs chang- , whom I find the r, telling :qaaintcd tiisMindy tation of intended ^Tted bis ere of the [d us^that e Bnter- :h, there than to phom we if Ufage and his e to dif* at that and reff \ all the Perfons \\itmx in- s Defign us, made Q8 i/»/^ NORTH AMERICA. laj us advance towards the River that was near, in A^i^S/. order to pafsit as foon as fellen, and repair to V/'WJ the Village of the C§nis, We (laid three Days longer in that Poi^, at Murderas the End whereof, he we call'd Lurchtvi^m^ one differ im of thofe that had been fens out, crofs'd the ^i'*"'^ River. He was Duh4ut\ Creature, and an Ac- complice in the Murder of Monfieur d» U SaU, He informed Duhaut^ that one they callM ///«ni, who was alfo one of our MelTengers, and had Itay'd on the other Side of the River, had heard of Duhaut and the reft altering their Re- foUition, and that he was not of their Mind* Hitns was a Buecanier^ and by Birth a Gtrmdn. Monfieur de U Salt had brought him from P*ti£ Gouave, and he was alfo acceflary to the lace Murders. After we had been fome Days longer in the fame Place, fJiens arrtv'd with the two half Savage French Men and about twenty Datives. He went immediately to Duhavt^ «Qd after fome Difcourfe, told him, he was not fpr go- ing towards the Mijftjipi^ becaufe it would be of dangerous Confeqaeace for them, and therefore demanded, his Share of the ElTeds he had feiz'd upon. Duhdut refbiing to comply* and affirm- ing« that ^U the Axes were bis own ; Hiens^ who it is Ukely had laid the Defign before to kill him, immediately drew his PiftoK aid fired nj^,,^ it upon />«^4ifr, wboftagger*d about tour Paces ^^,^7, £>t2- from the PUce and fell down dead. At the haur, wd fame Time Ruter^ who had been witH Hiens^ Ruter fired his Piece upon Liotot^ the Surgeon, and ^'**^<»f* ibot him thro' with three Ball^.' Thefe Murders committed before us, put me into a terrible Conltemation j for believing the * fame I V I> 1 24 Monfieur de la S A L eV Stcond, Voyage MajfiS^j. fame was deiign'd for me, I laid hold of my yy^V^ Fire-Lock to defend my felf ^but fiiens cry'd oat to me, to fear nothing. To lay down my ^ Arms, and aiTur'd me he had no Defign agaiaft "^j, me^ bat that he had reveng'd his Mailer's '^ "' Death. He alfo fatisfyM Monlicur Cavtlitr and Father AnaStajius^ who were as mach frighted as my felf, declaring he meant them no Harm, and that tho' he had been in the Confpiracy, yet Ifiad he been prefent at the Time when Monfieur de la Sale was kill'd, he woald not have con-^ fented, but rather have obllru^ed it. Liotot liv*d fome Hoars after, and had the good Fortune to make his Confefllon ; after which, the (ame Ruttr^ put him out of his Pain, with a Piftol-Shot. We dug a Hole in tiie Earth, and bary'd him in it with Duhaut^ doing them more Honour than they had done to Mon- iieur dt U Sale and his Kephew Moranget^ whom they left to be devour'd by wild Beafts. Thus thofe Murderers met with what they had de- ferv'd, dying the fame Death they had put others to. The Katives,/Virff/ bad brought with him, ha- ving been Spedators of that Murder* were in a Confternation, and that Affair was of dange- rous Confequence to us, who ftood in Keed of More mf' them. It was therefore requifite to make the *^L!''' belb of it, giviiig them to undcrftand, that there had b?en Reafon for fo punifhing thofe dead Per- fons, becaufe they had all the Powder and Ball, and would not give any to the r^ft* They rc« main'd fatisfy'd with that Excufe, and he who was call'd Larcheveqwy and who was entirely de- voted to Duhaut^ being Abroad a hunting fince the Morning, and not knowing yi^hal Misfor- "^ . tone vented. info KOKTH AMERICA. 125 tone had hapned his Protcftor, and Hiens being ^'^^^r refoWd to make away with him. Father j^nd* <-/VN^ /?4/?Mj and Monliear C4v^/ier took fo much Pains^ that they diflwaded him Ifrom it, and I went: oat and met Larchtvetfu*^ to give him Notice * of that Difalter, and to inform him, how he was to behave bimfelf. Thus I requited him for having come to give me Notice of Mondeur dt U Sah\ Death. I brought him to Hiens^ who declar'd he defignM him no Harm, and Lartht-- vetjfue gave him the fame AfTurances on his Part. Thus all Things are again compos'd, , , -V and nothing remain'd, but for us to fet out, bat firfl; to know what we were to do, and which Way to direft our Courfc. - * Hereupon, Heins took upon him to fpeak* and fa id, he had promisM the Natives to go to the War with them, and dedgn'd to be as good as his Word ; that if we would expeft his Return, we might by that Time confider which Way he would move, and that in the 1 mean Time we might ftay in the Village among theCenis, This was refolv'd on; we loaded all our BfTeds on oar Horfes, and repaired to the fame Place and the fame Cottage, where we ^ad been before, the Chief of it afligning Bs the one Half to lodge and lay up our Baggage. When the Day for fetting out for the War ^j^ ^^^^ was come, Hitns departed with the Natives, Meng« t» four of our Comrades and the two half Savage the Wau French Men going along with him \ fo that there w"* «*« were fix of them, and each took a Horfe. Hitm ^'««"'' left us all the Bffedts, and defir*d we would ftay for him, which we promised, not knowing how to avoid it, conlideriog, that the Indians might . have 126 Bevniling tbe Memo- rjfofMen kiU'd, y • .r < > * Monfiear de la S a L E*^ Second Vo)Age have dancosHarm, and even bafeobftradedour Departure. Thus we refign'd oarielves to Pro- videoce, aod reniaifl'4 fix of us fiogetherf viz.^ Father Anafiajius, Af oaiieur CavaiUr^ his Ne- phew yottQis; Cavelkr^ young Talm^ asiother Youth of P^ris^ and h There alfo remaiaM fome old Men, who could not go co the War, and the Women. We wereaHo }oia'd by two other Freac/^ MeQjWho bad been left on the other Side theRiver,betng theProvefieal and oaeTeifter. Daring our Stay, and our Warriors beiag abroad upon that Expedition, the old Men of- ten viiiDed us, and told us News from the Army by Signs, which we underltood nothing of. We were from Time to Time alarm'd, feeing the Women weep, without any viflble Caufe. The late Monlkur de U Sale had often told us, that the Women bewail'd thofe that were to be kill'd ^ bat We were inibrm'd, that they did fo, when they call'd to Mind fome who had been (lain in the former Wars; which difpeird oar Apprehenfions. However we were uneafy, becaufe thofe old Men and Wo- men examia'd us eatery Morning and Evening when we performed our Devotions. We laid hold of that Opportunity to give them .to nnderitand, that we paid our Duty to one God, the only Supreme Sovereign of all Things, pointing to Heaven^ and endeavour- ing in the belt Manner we were able* to fig- uify to them that he was Almighty, that be had made all Things, that he caiis'd the Eanh to produce it's Fruits to profper, and the Growth of it, which maintain'd them co thrive *, but this being only by Signs, they did aoc aa« detftand us, aad we labour'd in vaia* The idedour s to Pro- his Ke- aiootb^r remaiaM he War» i foy two the other ItTeiJfter, )rs being Men of- rom the i nothing alarm'd, ly vifible had oftea K>re that ai'd, that ind fome rs; which ever we and Wo- Bvening ir to give Doty to Ci of all deavour* to fig- that be he Earth and the thrive *, i not fia« '• htoNOKm AMERICA. 127 The 18th, we were furpriz'd to fee fcveral Mir 16S7 Women come into our Cottage, their Faces J^jJJJ^]^ all befmcar'd with Earth, and they fet up their j^,/^^ ^i'*^" Throats, linging feveral Songs as loud as they vistrj. were able, whereof we underltood not one Word. That done, they fell a Dancing in a Ring, and we could not tell, what to think of that Rejoicing, which lalted full three Hours ; after which we were informed, they had re- ceiv'd Advice of the Victory obtained by their Warriors over their Enemies. The Dance concluded, thofe in the Cottage gave fome Bits of Tabacco to thofe without. The fame Day, about Noon, we faw him that had brought the News, who affirmM they had kiird at leaft Forty of their Enemies. After the Rejoicing, all the Women apply'd themfelves to make ready their Provifions, fome to pound Indian Corn, others to boil Meal, which they call GrouUer^ and others to bake Bread, to carry to the Warriors. They all fet out the 19th to meet them, and we thought it in Policy convenient to fend Meat to our Men which was done by the Frff;2^i[r Man of Provertctf who went with the Women. That {ame Day, at Night, the Victorious Ar- jtcionvt my returned, and we were inform'd, that their of the Bat. Enemies, whom they call Cannohatinno, had tie founH, expefted them boldly, but that having heard ^n^t^ Cc- the Noife, and felt the Effeds of our Mens "'*' Fire Arms, they all fled, fo that the dnis had either kiird or taken Forty Eight Men and Women. They had flain fcveral of the lat- ter, who fled to the Tops of Trees, for wane ' of Time to mike their Efcape otherwifc^ fo .^i' that 128 Monfiear de la Sal ^s Second f^cyige I Barbi'itjf cftbt l/iin towirds i uketim of the m- m:tt» Inbummi' Cruel Tro* fbies* that many more Women had perifli'd than Men. They brought Home two of thofe Womea alive> Ciie of whom had her Head flead for the Sake of her Hair and Skin. They g^ ^e that wretched Creature a Charge of Powder and a Ball, ad fent Her home, bidding her carry that P -efent to her Nation, and to afTure them, they f^io:/id be again treated after the fame Manner, that is, kill'd with Fire Arms. The other Woman was kept to fall a Sacri« fice to the Rage and Vengeance of the Wo- men and Maids ; who having armM themfelves with thick Stakes* (harp Pointed at the End, Conducted that Wretch to a By-Place, where each of thofe Furies began to torment her, fometimes with the Point of their Staff, and fometimes laying on her with all their Might. Or\e tore off her Hair, another cut off her Fin- ger, and every one of thofe outrageous Women endeavoured to put her to fome exquifite Tor- ture, to revenge the Death of their Husbands and Kinfmen, who had been kill'd in the former Wars; fo that the unfortunate Creature ex- pelled her Death Stroke, as Mercy. At la|t, one of them gave her a Stroke with a heavy Club on the Head, and another run her Stake feveral Times into her Body, with which (he fell down Dead on the Spot. Then they cut that miferable ViStlai into Morfels, and oblig'd fome Slaves of that Nation, they had been long poflTefs'd of to eat them. Thus our Warriors rcturn'd Triumphant from that Expedition. They fpar'd none of the Prifoners they had taken, except two little Boys, and brought Home all the Skins of their Heads into NORTH AMERICA. 129 HeaJs, with the Hair, to be kept as Trophies Mayie'ij, and glorious Memorials of their Viar Qpar- a on the :rforming 3ver them iafty Pv.d- ided, sind ;er of the ich he car- % of Hair, icco , and [hat being /leat, Biti r alfo lerf'd ;s, and the nd Singing I they went Tame Cere- ntill thofel o conceive I Murderers J oth a Hand id promisM nfr. C4,v%lw given them •aation we •ench Men, ;o ourCot-| iinefs. into NORTH AMERICA. ' iji HUnsKvA others of his Gang, difapproving ^% J^ of our Defign, reprcfcnted to us fuch Difficul- <-/VV^ ties as they look'd upon to be nnfurtnoantable, under which we mnfl; inevitably perilh, or at leaft be oblig'd to return to the fame Place. HUm told us, that for his own Part, he would not hazard his Life to teturn into Franee^ 6nly to have his Head choppM off, and perceiving we anfwer'd Nothing to that, hut that we per- illed in oor Refolution. Jtisrtquijitt then^ fd\^ he, t9 divide what EffeSls rifr,ttin* Accordingly he laid afide, for F. Afiafiapm^ j^.^^g • Meflieurs Cit;«//er, the Uncle and the Nephew, ^/vej tl&? «• thirty Axes, four or five Dozens of Knives, a- tiers roUt bout thirty Pounds of Powder and the like kepUifes^ Quantity of Ball.' He gave each of t\it'll} H^'i others two Axes, two Knives, two or three ,^e i.fjdu Pounds of Powder, with as much Ball) and kept J the reft. As for the Horfes, he k^pt the beft and left us the three leaft. Monlieut Cavetier askM him for Tome Strings of Beads, which he granted, and ieiz'd upon all the late Monfr. de U Sale's Cloaths, Baggage and other - ftffeds, belides above a thoufand Livres in' Mo- y : ney, which belong'd to the late Monfr. le Gros^ I. ,' ' V whody*d at our Dwelling of St. Lewis, Before our Departure, it was a fenfible AfHidion to us, to fee that Villain walk about, in a fcarlet Coat, "^ with gold Galons, which had belong'd to the late Monfr. de U Sale^ and which, as I have faid, he had feiz'd. hiitx that, Hiens and his Companions with- drew to their own Cottage, and we rcfolv'd veUerifwi not to put off our Departure any longer. Ac- kisCmpgrj cordingly, we made ready our Horfes» which part from xmich alarm'd the Natives, and efpccially the the others^ K 2 Chief I'll 132 Mi^ 1687 French Men J^ay toitb the lodiaot* Onlyfeven fet out for Canada* MoHJieur izh, Salb*/ Second Voy Age Chief of them, who faid and did all he conld to obftruft our Journey, protnifing us Wives, Plenty of Provilions, reprefenting to us the immenfc Dangers, as well from Enemies, who farroanded them, as from the bad and impaf- fablc Ways and the many Woods and Rivers we were to pafs. However, we were not to be moved, and only ask'd one Kindnefs of him, in obtaining of which, there were many Diffi- culties, and it was, that he would give us Cai(l^s to condu^ us to C4ffa ; but at length, after much Trouble and many Promifes of a good Reward, one was granted, and two others went along with him. - ^ - .All Things being thus ord^r'd for our Depar- ture, we took Leave of our.,Hofts, pafs'd by Hienis Qottage and embracM him and his Com- panions. We ask'd him for another Horie, which he granted. He desired an Atteftation In tiuin of Mbnfieur Cavtlier^ that he bad not been concerh'd in the Murder of Monfieur de ia Sale J which was given him, becaufe there was no refufing of it) and we fet forward without Lareheveque and Mounter^ who did not keep ttaei]^ Word with us, but remain'd among thofe Bar- barians, being infatuated with that Courfe of Llbertinifm they had run themfelves into. Thus there were only fevenofus that (tuck together to return to Canada^ viz. Father Anajtapus^ Meffieurs Cavtlior the Uncle and the Nephew, the Sieur de Marle^ one Teiffitr^ a young Man^ born at Paris^ wbofe Name was Bartholomew and I, with fix Horfes and the three Indians^ who, were to be our Guides \ a very fmall Number for fo great an Enterprize, but we put ourfeives ^ entirely into the Hands of Divine Providence, \.vi4^j con- . ,' '» aot to >fhim, Diffi- ;ivc us lengths IS of a others Dcpar- fs'd by s Com- Horfc, sftation lad not tear de ere was fithout ;p thcij >fe Bar- )urfe of K Thus ttgcther Icphew, ntw and nSf who, 54unibcr urfelves^ (ridence» con- j/i/(?NORTH AMERICA. i^ confiding in God's Mercy, which did not for- ^4r i^s? fake us. vyW After the firfl: Day's Joarney we incamp'd on the Bank of the River, we had left not long before, lay there that Night, and the next Day, cat down Trees to aiake a Sort of Bridge or Planks to pafs over it ; handing over our Goods from one to another, and fwimming over our Horfes ; which Work we were frequently o- bligM to repeat, and as often as we had after- wards Occafion to pafs Rivers on our Way, which we held on till the 29th, every Day meeting with fome Cottage, and at laK, a Ham- let or Village, into which we went, and the IndUn Inhabitants told us, they were call'd Nah»rdikhe^ and that they were Allies to the Cenis, We barter'd with them for fome Provilions, and their Chief offer'd to go with us as far as the ^Jfonys^ who were not farther off than aboot Nahor- three Leagues, which he accordingly did \ but diHhes^ffi it happening to rain when we came thither, Affony and the jiffonys having had no Kotice before hand, we found but indifferent Reception. However, we were conduced to the Chief's Cottage *, the Elders had Kotice given them, they reforted thither, and when our Horfes were unloaded, and our Goods plac'd in a Cor- ner of the Cottage, which the Chief had al- lotted us, we gave them to underftand, that our Intention was to go farther, to fetch Com- modities to trade with them, at which they ; * were pleas'd* They gave us to eat, and the Elders ftay'd fome Part of the Evening with us, which made as fomewhat Uneafy, and obligM us "■ ■ K3 II I I '. I J4 Monfieur de la S A l e'j Second Voyage ^une\6%i to be upoQ oar Guard ; however the Night \yy\) pafs'd withont any Diflurbance. The next Morning the Elders came to us a- gain. They had provided Mats without the Cottage, and made Signs to us to go thither and fit down upon them, as we did, leaving two of our Company to guard the Baggage. We repeated to them what we had faid the Night before, and made them fome Prefents of Axes, . Knives, Strings of Beads and Rings. They fig- nifv'd they wereforry we would go away, and cndeavoar'd the bell; they could, to make us fenfibleofthefame Obftacles the others had fignify'd tous^ but itwas all in Vain^ howe- ver, we ftay'd till the firft of 7«w, all the while bartering aod gathering the beft ^tock of Pro* vilions we could. The Second, wc remov'd from that Cottage^ where wc had fome Jealoufy, and went to a* n other, a Qparter of a League from it, where the Chief of it gave as a very good Reception, An old Woman, who was either his Mother, or Governefs of the Cottage, took particular Care of us : We were firft fcrv'd at eating, and to keep her in that good Mind* we now and then maae her fome little Prefents, whilft ibe, by her Care and Kindnefs, fpar'd our Provifi- ons, which were neceflary for our Jour- ney. A continual Raia oblig'd us to ftay there till the 13th. Daring our Stay, the Natives made feveral Feafts, to which we were al- ways invited ^ and at length the Rain ceafing, we refolv'd to fet out, notwithftanding all Monlieur C^:/e/ier and the Pricft's Apprehen- iions, which we furmounted, and direded our Courfc eood En. tertain- mcnt ^/(jNORTH AMERICA. 1^5 Courfc towards the N. ^. with two Jndians^fi^fi^^? who were to conduft as only a fmall Way, and ^^'VNI who accordingly foon left as, whatfoever Pro- mifes we could make them. They departed to return Home, promifing th«;y would come to us again. WeencampMchat Kight on the Bank of a Rivulet. The 14th and 15 th, we held on our Wzy^BjdiVjyt, frequently meeting with Sloughs, which very much fatigued us, becaufe we were obligM to unload our Horfes for them to pafs, and pre- vent their (ticking in the Mire and fat Soil, whence we could not have drawn them out, and confequently we yi4te fain to carry all our Lug^ gage on our own Backs. Whilft we baited about Noon, that our Horfes might graze, as was ufually done by us, we difcover'd our two J^fony Indians returning towards us, at which we were much rejoiced, becaufe they had a better Notion than our- felves of the Way we were to go. We made them eat and fmoke, and then fee out a- > gain. The 1 6th, we came to a great River, which we pafs'd as we had done the firft, and aftei;' that, met with Very bad Ways. The 17th, one of our Company being in- difpos'd, we could not fet out till Noon, and heM on till the 2 1 ft, crofllng feveral Sloughs and , v Rivers, and then one of our Indians being out ot Order, it obligM us to ftay on the Bank of a River we had pafs*d. The other Indian ^feeL^g his Conjirade lick, went a Hunting, and broughk .' a wild Goat •, for there are many in that Coun- try. The Indians have the Art of drefling the Heads of thofe Creatures, which they put opoa K 4 $heit M6 Aft in kill Gnxts and Fine Med' domS' Monfteur de la Sal E'i Secotfd Vcyage their own, and imitate tliem -* ersftly, thai they can come very near to tntini, and then feldom fail ot killing. The fame Method they afe for Turkeys and other wild Fowl, and fo draw them clofe to thcmfelvcs. The 2 2d, our Indian being foraewhat rccover*d we decamp'd and proceeded along a better Way and plcafantcr Country, than that we had left behind, and as we enquired the heft we could of thofc our /w^Mirj, concerning the Neighbour- ing Nations and thofc wc were going towards, among others they nam'd to us, that they call'd di^fA. M. Ca^ ^ler told US, he remember'd he had heard his late Brother Mofteur ^e /« ^4/e name that Nation, and fay he had feen it as he went from Canadd cowards the Mtjftfipi. This put us in Hopes, that we fliould fucceed in oar Dif- covcry. The 23d, being near a Village, wc had been in Search of, one of our Indians went before, to give Notice of our Arrival. In the mean Time we crofsM molt lovely Plains and Meadows, borderM with fine Groves of beautiful Trees, where the Grafs was fo high, that it hinder'd our Horfes going, and we were oblig'd to clear the Paflage for them. When we were within Half a League of the Village, wefaw ati Indian^ mounted on a large grey Mare, coming along with our Native, to meet us, and were cold, that Horfemaa was the Chief of the Village, attended by fome others of che fame Place. As fooa as that Chief came up to us, he exprefs'd very much Kindnefs and AfFedion -, we gave him to underftand, that we did no Body any Harm, unlels we were firft attacked. Then we made him fmoke, and when that into NORTH AMERICA. ij; that was done, he made Signs to us to follow 5FM»«i6t7 him, which Tvedid, till we came to the Bank ^>^V^^ of a River, where he again defir'd us to ftay, whilft he went to give Kotice to the El- ders. Soon after, a Number of them came, and ha- m. Care^ ving )oin*d us, fignifyM, thae they were come Her and to carry us to their Village. Our Indians made *^^ 'fft Signs, that it was the Cuftom of the Country, [;}7*Blb and we muft fubmit, and let them do as they ofindiJls. thought fit. Tho' we were much out of Counte- nance at that Ceremony, feven of the prime Men among them would have us mount on their Backs or Shoulders. Monfieur Cavelier being our Chief, mounted firit, and then the reitdid the fame. As for my own Part, being of a pretty large Size and loaded with Cloaths, a Firelock, a Cafe of Pifliols, Powder and Ball, a Kettle and other Implements, there is no Doubt but I made a fufHcient Burden for him that carry'd me, and becaufe I was taller than he and my Feet would have hung upon the Ground, two other Indians held them up for me \ fo that I had three to carry me. Other Indians took hold of our Horfes to lead them, and in that ridiculous E- quipage we arriv'd at the Village. Our Carriers, who had gone a long Quarter of a League, had need enough to reft, and we tobefct down, that we might laugh in private, for it behov'd us to take Care not to do it before them. As foon as we were come to the Chief's Cot- cgrewo- tage, wliere we found above two hundred Per- nies at fons, who were come to fee us, and that our thiir f^. Horfes were unloaded, the Elders gave us to '«^i'"<»». Qaderftand, that it was their Cultom to walh Strangers .' > ■*»■■ speeches ntade to 138 Mopijieur de la Sal e V Second Voyage funei6S7 Strangers at their firft Coming ; but that we be^ ^'^'^^^^ ing clad, they would only waih our Faces ; which one of tbofe Elders dtd, with fair Water they had in a Sort of Barthea VeiTel, and he only wafb'd our Forehead. After this fecond Ceremony, the Chief made Signs to as, to fit down on a Sort of little Scaf« fold, rais'd about 4 Foot above the Ground, and made of Wood and Canes, where when we were plac'd, the Chiefs of the Villages being four in Kumber, came and made Speeches to us, one after aLOther. We liftned to them with Pa- tience, tho' we underftood not one Word of what they faid to us; being tir'd with the Length of their Harangues, and much more with the violent Heat of the Sun, which was juft over our Heads. When the Speeches were ended, the Purport whereof, as near as we could guefs, was only to affure us, that we were very welcome ^ we gave them to underftand, that we were going into our own Country, de(igning to return fpeedily, to bring them feveral Sorts of Commodities and fuch Things as they fhould ftand in need of. Kcxt, we made them the ufual Prefents of Axes, Knives, Strings of Beads, Needles and Pins, for ihcir Wives, telling them, that when we returned we would give them more. ^ We farther li'gnify'd to them', that if they would afford us fome Corn or Meal, we would give them other Things in Exchange, which they agreed to. After this they made us eat Sagamite^ or Halty-pudding, Bread, Beans, Pom- pions and other Things, which we had fufiicient Need 7heir Eri' tenabt' menu s* hto NORTH AMERICA. 1J9 kccd of. Molt of us having fcarce eaten any futiei6%j Thing all that Day, fome for Want, and others U'^VNI, out of 'Devotion, as Monfr. Csvelier^ who would obferve the Fall of St. John Ba^tift^ Eve, whofe Name he bore. It is to be obfervM, that the Pompions are incomparably better {there, than with us. The 24th, the Elders met again in our Cot- Itage. We gave them to underftand, they hvould oblige us, in furnilhing Guides to con- m&, us to the Village of Cafpa^ which was m jour Way ^ batinftead of granting it, they ear- Deftly intreated us, to ftay with them and go to the Wars againlt their Enemies, having been told Wonders of our Firelocks, which we pro. misM to do when we return'd, and that it fliould be (hortly, and they feem'd to reft fatisfyM. Thus our Hopes increased, but the Joy it oc- cafion'd wasallay'd by a difmal Accident thac befell us. Monfieur de MarU, one of the prime /^^^. ^^ Men of our Company, having Breakfafted, Marie would needs go Bath himfelf in the River we dromi'd, had pafs'd the Day before, and not knowing how to fwim, he went too far and ftep'd into a Hole, whence he, could not recover himfelf, but was unfortunately drowned. Young Mon- fieur Cavelier^ having been told that Mondeur de Marie was going to Bath himfelf, ran after him, and coming to the River, faw he was drowning, he ran back ro acquaint us: We hafted thither with a Number of Indians^ who were there before us -, bat all too late, fome of them div'd, and brought him up dead from ^' the Bottom of the Water. 'ill: .;;!/ M! Wc ^ 140 Monfieur de la S A l eV Second Voyage ^«»ffi687 Wc carry'd him to the Cottage, fheddingl '^^!\^^ many Tears, the Indians bore Part in our Sor-| ^ti fune- j.^^^ ^^^ ^^ p^jj j^j^ ji^g j^j^ Duties, offering up the ufual Prayers *, after which he was bury- f.d in a fmall Field, behind the Cottage \ and whereas, during that doleful Ceremony, we pray'd, reading in our Books, particuUrly Mon- fieur Cavelier^ the Prieft and Father j^nafiafius^ the Indians gaz'd on us with Amazement, be- caufe we talk'd, looking upon the Leaves, and wc endeavoured to give them to underftand, that we pray'd to God for the dead Man, pointing up to Heaven. iiumjmy We muft do this Right to thofe good Peo- ef the In- pje^ as to declare, that they exprefs'd lingular dum. Humanity upon that doleful Accident, as ap- pear'd by the fenfible Teftimony of their Ani- ons, and all the Methods they us'd to let us underftand how great a Share they bore in our Sorrow *, which we (hould not hav6 found in fe- veral Parts of Europe, During our (hort Stay in that Place, we ob- ferv'd a Ceremony that was perform'd by the Chiefs Wife, viz. that every Morning (he imony^t'o ^^"^ ^° Moufieur de Marie's Grave, and car- tbe Dead, **y'^ * ^'^^^^ Basket of parch'd Ears of Corn to Uy on it, the meaning whereof we could not underftand. Before our Departure, wc were inform'd, that the Villages belonging to our Hofts, being four in Number, all ally'd toge- ther were call'd, ^jfony^ Nathofost Nachitos and Cadodaquid, On the 27th, having been inform'd by the Natives, that we (hould find Canoes, to pafs a River that was on our Way. Father Anafiapus and 1 went to fee whether, what they told us was Indian Nations, i#;fo NORTH AMERICA. 141 jfas true. We found that River was a Branch ^«'«f'<5S7 |of the fame we had already pafs'd, the Channel ^-^'VN^ tfit being plealant and navigable, and faw btnc Canoes, in one of which the Indians car- ly'd us over to the other Side, whether we went Itofee wh * convenient Place there was for our lorfes t«j come afliore. We found a very proper Place, and returning, made our Report |to Monfieur Cavelier^ who being then much out If Order with Pains in his Feet, we were ob- lig'd to ftay there, till the 30th. ^ During that Time, we were frequently vi- jauiquo feted by the Indians^ both Old and Young, and NAtim, , \i both Sexes, and even the Chiefs ot the Na- lion, call'd Jam^uo^ came to fee us, and with Ihem we often converse in dumb Show, and e- fcryEvening theWpmen, attended by the War- [iors, with their Bows and Arrows, reforted to Dokfitl par Cottage, to fing a dolefal Sort of Song, Ememiih kdding Tears at the fame Time. This would we»«« bve given us fome Unealinefs, had we not Jefore feen the fame Ceremony, and been in- urm'd, that thofe Women repair in that Man- {ler to the Chief's Cottage, to intreat him, fing- og and weeping, to take Revenge on : hofe, iho have kill'd their Husbands, or ReUuons, iforner Wars, as I have obferv'd before. In other RIefpeds, the Manners and Cultoms of liis Nation* being much the fame as thofe ol he Cenis^ I (hall add no more concerning bem. The 2pth, at Night, we gave Notice to the Chief, that we would fet out the next Day, we Dade him fome Prefents in particular, and the |ike to his Wife, becaufe (he had taken fpecial ire of us, and departed on the soch. The Chief, i • iW '3 m m km 1 it I: 1 •:.'' r^!!: f ,ili 142 "Monfteur de la S A l p'^ Second VojAge ^unei687 Chief, attended by many other Indians^ whoml yy^^'^'^ we found in the Cottages on our Way, vvcntl toCondud us as far as the Rirer, which we| crofs'd in Canoes, and fwam over our Horfes. There we took Leave of oar Conductors, tol whom we gave fome Strings of Beads for theirl "Wives, and their Chief would needs CondudI us to the next Village. 6y the Way we came to a Cottage, where| our Guide msde us halt, and there they gave Cadoda- ^^ ^° ^^^' Then we held on our Journey to quio Vil- Village callM Cadcdaquio, and were conduftec lagft> to the Chief's Cottage, who receiv'd us courte- ouny» being a^Friend to him that went with usj It was rcquifite to unload our Horfes to lie there, and we figniiied to the Chief, that we Itood in Need of Proviiions. Hefpoke to the Women, who brought us fome Meal, which we purchafed with Strings of Beads, and the ChiefJ who conduced us thither, t;ook his Leave. Having no Deligh to ftay there any Time] wc had defircd the Chief to appoint fome Per] fon to guide us to the Village call*d CahaimhouA which was in our Way. It happened by goofj Fortune, that there were then in that Placd ibme Men and Women of the faid Village, wN who were come to fetch fome Wood, fit li make Bows, there being Plenty of that Sort oj Trees they make them of, about the Village wd were in. VVc fignify'd our Defign to them and they gave us to underftand they would be glad to bear us Company. In the Converfation w^ had with them, they made us comprehend,thai they had feen People like us, who had Firelockj and a Houfe, and that they were acquainte with the pps\vihkh was yuj pleafiog to us Eecauf into NORTH AMERICA. «4? Becaafe they were not to depart til] two Days ^uneie^j; after, wercfolw'd toftay for them. u/VV^, We obferv'd, that there was a DifFerencc between the Language of thofe People and the J^**/^* InhabiCi>r.;ii of the Village we were in, from that of th. Cenis^ and that they had fome pecu- liar Ceremonies, one whereof is, that when the Women have their Terms, they leave the Company of their Husbands and withdraw into other Cottages appointed for that Purpofe, which no Peribn is to come near, upon Pain of being reputed nnclean. Thofe Women have th(.ir Faces ftill more oryimmt disfigur'd, than the others we had feen before^ of if men. for they make feveral Streaks,or Scores on them, whereas the others had but one. They adorn themfelves with little Locks of fine red Hair ;j which they make fait to their £ars, in the Kature of Pendants. In other Refpei^s they are not difagreeablc, and neither Women nor Maids 4re fp ill-natur'd as to make their Lovers pine for them. They are not diiHcult of Accefs, and they foon make a Return for a fmall Pre* fent. The Men wear their Hair fhort, like our Capucinsy they anoint it with a Sort of Oyl, or Greafe,and curl it like Snails, after which they ftrew on it a Sort of Down* or Lint, died red, as we do Powder, which is done when they de- fign to be very fine, in order to appear in their Aflemblies. They are very fond of their Chil- dren, and all the Way of c'laftifing then they ufe, is to throw Water at them, without ever beating or giving them ill Words. Us Men* tti m The . i ^^'ill 144 Monjieur de la Sal e'^ Second VojAge fitly 16^7 The Indians that were of the Village of C»- ^•VV^ hainihous and to condad us thither, not being ready to fet out on Wednefday the 2d of July^ as they had promised, a young Indian offcr'd himfelf, faying, he would condudl us fafe thi« ther, and we fet out with him, ftill dire^ing our Courfe towards the N. E. Wekcptclofe along the fame River we had crofs'd, and found it very pleafant and navigable, the Banks of it cover'd with fine Trees of feveral Sorts. We had not travell'd above a League, before our Guide gave us to underhand, that he had . forgot a Piece of hard dry'd Skin he had to I make him Shoes, which he would go fetch and \ return to us, pointing to us with his Hand, which Way we were to go, and telling us we ihould foon come to a River. This fudden Change in the Indian was fome- what furprizing and very much perplex'd us ; however we held on our Way, and foon came ' to the River he had mentioned to as, which was very pleafant and deep. We crofs'd it the next Day, on a Sort of Float, which we made with much Toil and Labour, and our Horfes fwam over. Some Time after we were palledi wefaw the /;7^»4»i coming, who had promifed to bear us Company, and were glad to find our Float, to crofs the fame River, as they did, and proceeded on our Journey all together. The 4th, 5th and 6th, we did the fame, crclfing a very fine Country, but water'd by J!^? n^*"y Brooks, Streams and Rivers. We found **" Abundance of wild Goats, Tarkeys and other wild Fowl, whereof our Indians kill'd many< On the 6th, whilfi: we halted on the fiank of a River to eat, we heard the Tingling of fome fmall Gxnc* intoNOKTH AMERICA- MS fmall Bells^whicb making us look about,we fpyM ?m/> 16S7 an IndUn with a nakedSword-BIade in his Hand, -y^r^ adorned with Feathers of feveral Colours, and tv70 Ikrge Hawks Bells, that occaiion'd the Moife we had heard. He made Signs for us to come to him, and gave us to anderftaAd, that he was fent by the Elders' of the Village, whither we were going, to meet us, carelTing us after an extraordinary Manner. I obferv'd that it was a Spanifh Blade he had, and that he took Pleafure in ring- ing the Hawks Bells. Having trayeird about half a League with him, we difcover'd a Dozen of other Indians coming Kl^i ^.^• towards us, who made very much of and con- ^'P""^' duded us to the Village, to the Chief's Cottage, where we found dry'd Bear-Skins laid on the Ground, and they made us fit 00 them, where we were treated with Eatables, as were the Elders after us, and a Throng of Women came to fee us. The 7th, the Elders came to give us a Viiit, bringing us two BallocksHides,four Otters Skins, freftntu one white Wild-Goat's Skin, all of them well dry'd, and 4 Bows,in Return for the Prefent we had before made them. The Chief and another came again ibme Time after, bringing two Loaves, the finefl: and the belt we had yet feen. They look'd as if they had been bak'd in aa Oven, and yet we had not obferv'd, that there were Ovens among any of them. That Chief Ilay'd with us fome Hoars, he feem'd to be very iogenious and difcreet, and eafiily underllood our Signs, which were mofl: of the Language we had. Having order'd a little Boy to bring Q$ all wc had Occafion for, be withdrew. L Towards *Mi, mm i4($ Monfitur de la S a l i^s Second Fojage fiify 1687 Towards the BreDing» we were cntcrtain*d TbTci^- ''"^ aCercmony we had boc fcea before. ACom- monyof"' P^^Y ofElders, attended by fome young Mea tbe ripe, and Women came to our Cottage in a Body, Tinging as load as they could roar. The fore- tttoit of them had a Calumet, £0 they call a Yery long Sort of Tabacco Plpe^ aidorn'd with (everiU I ^he oti Sorts of Feathers. When they had fuag a I the wo while, before oar Cottage, they entered ityitill I of iUq iinging on, for about a Qaarter of an Hoar.lQn^pi After that, they took Monienr CMtnlier theltu^-^ t Prieft, as being our Chiefs led him ia folemnlLegl ( Manner out of the Cottage, Tupportin^ himlji^Q^ ]y under the Arms. When they were come toalf^^^/^v^ Place they had prepared, oneof them laid a||)pperQi great Handful df Grafs on bis Feet, two others I y(;\^i brought fair Water in an Barthen Difli, withlthe ^Icj which they wafh'd his Face^ andihen made himlpact 0] fit down on a Skin, provided for that Pur- 1 bis ^ai When Monfieur dve/iVr was featcd, theEI-|of Jt^N ders took their Places, fitting round about lip t^a* ''• \ him, and the Mafter of the Ceremonies ^^'dlj^po^j^ in the Ground two little wooden Forks, and I ijgQify J tiavir^g laid a Stick acro^ them, all being paint- 1 jij^^i (q ed red, he placed on them a Bullock's Hide, I pf ({^^ tiryed, a Govt's Skin oyer that, and then laidlq^(|ef ^ ^he Pipe thetcon. m^ ^;;r: ::- ,: j . , , Icottage The Song Was begun again, the Womealf|^y|^ mixing in the Chorus, and the Concert ^^^ti^^if^si faeightned by great hoDow Calabaihes or Gourds, I ^^ ^p^ in which there were large Gravel Stones, tol Iq (||^ make a Noife, the IndiMns ftriking on them by|cv^f/f«r Mealhre, to anfwer the Tone of the Choir; andlt^ge w the pi^afantefl: of all was, that one of the ludimtii (Iq^^ plac'd himfelf behind Mofiii«utC>r^o bold ||^e q^^ i :.?/■. " ^ ";i ' ' him Voyage inccrtain*d re. ACom- mag Mea II a Body, Tht forc- cal^ a Ycry ith ftveral ad fuag a er'd it, ftiU : an Hour. f«rc/ier the i ia folemn ortin^ him come to a hem laid a two others Difl), with I made him r that Pur- i •>.<■'' k*. _j - . ' r * fc t»* "^ + ' ed, the El- tuad about iionies fixM Forks, and «ing pflint- ock'« Hide, th^n laid fW^ NORTH AMERICA. 147 him pp, whilft ^tt\i,^ famcTipieUe ftook ^ad ^'^'M dandled him tr^J^ §idc to Side, tlj^ AAaupa V^T^ mmm% to ;b9 Mufick. Tb*» CQ«(:.«r| wa^ ftarec en^cd, when ^h^ Nfai^er pf tb? Oerempales )^rpug|h|tvo M^dt^ th? pac h^viog m her Hand a $m pf Cellar, ^^i \h^ other a^ pu^r^^ Skin, wl)ic?h tljiey ixl^c'd m the wooden Forks abovemeot^paMt at the Epds of tlje Pipe. Then ^e made then^ fi? down* qi) paph Sidf qf Mpqfieiir Ctw^Hn* tfl fpch ^ Ppf- mre, ^h^tj^hfy (Qpk*4, one upon t^ep^her, their Le^5 exterj4^d Jind iptennix'd, op which tb^ ftme Maftfr pf %\i<^. C^rempj^if s Uid W^Qfiewr Cmlm'% J-eg!u ill fijch M^ffner, \\^x ^hej l^y oppermpft fiiq^prpfsthoftpf the tWP Ma^ds. Whilft t\m Mipp *¥as pf^^oriping, ope. of. the Elders ipad^f^ft ^ dy*d JFe*tH?f t<> ?^e b^j:)i . Part pf Mgjfiw P^w//fr> lfw4| tying it tia^ his Bair. Ti|e y^gin^ ftiH^p^tinp'd m ^^V Tinjfi fp tlf^fMpij^wCw>%^^ wjifirir of itf TedbBfi^ws, and *ljififn*d tpfte l^liiifrlf in tha^ P9/)tmre/ba?feen t^p W^ds, wj^ibp^iJ kpowing 1:0 ^^t wppfe, road^ lli^ns %o «$ t^ iignify the fame to' the Chief, |^d buying ^(vf^ hifli to nafjerflkj^dj l^*t ^c wai^.pot we^, two dt\^$ .itf4mt,mmwv^^ tepk hold pf Wi^ qMer thc.Af;fp8, cpnda^ed If^m ba^k ^p jt| , s jyap ^ok I5fn»-"^-" Women mcert was or Gourds, Stones, to >nthem by ^hoitjand ^^.,._ ^^ ^ _ ,^ the /»<'»^8|fit"dPwni fe^ lingmg on. IrHen the Mafter^^ /i[>r(obold|^e CercmoQies took the Pipe, which he fiflU himi La with C>vf(#«r, C9ii5tft|ie4 J4m |g^^ flup of the jCJof: i nvii' •4 > n I4S Fa/» 1687 1 i ,1 ho?ji* Nd- , thn. 1. Indians expe&Prt fcnts* Monjieur dc la S a l b'j %y^^<3if^W frighted them. They earneftly prefs'd us to ftay with them, offering qs Wives and whatfo- ever elfe we fliould want. To be the better quit of thera, we promised to return, faying wc were goln^ to fetch Commodities, Arms ^nd Tools, which we ftood in Need of, that we might afterwards ftay with the> The 9th and 10th were fpt illts, and we wereinform'd byop.eof rh( hat we were not far from a great Riv a hede- fcrib'd with a Stick on the Sana, and (hewM it had two Branches, at the fame Time pronoun- cing the Word Cappa, which, as I have faid, is a Nation near the Mijftfipi, We then made no longer Queftion, that we were near what we {had been fo long looking after. We entreated the Elders to appoint fome Men to conduft us, I promifing to reward them well, which they granted, and we fet out the i ith, to the great Sorrew of thofe good People, who had enter- Itain'd us fo coarteoufly. Wetrareird feveral different Ways, which I we could never have found, had we wanted the^our* Guides,and fo proceeded till on the i2th,one of ^J'y p-f*^^ pur Guides pretended to be lick, and made ' Signs that he would go back ; but obferving, that we feem'd to be no Way concern'd, which we did on Purpofe, be confulted with his Com* panion, and then came to tell us, he was re- coverM. We made him eat and fmoke, and patinued our Journey the i^tb, finding the hVay very bad and difficult. -? c^ • . ! ri' >.-4>! . ('!«..' Lj The ipo Mexico Citj, Mofifieur de la S A L i&s Secofid V&jAge gnd their Hair platted with Ribbons, a gold Chain about their Neck, Bracelets of the fame and Pendants of Emeralds in their £ars. They could well enough like the Behaviour and Com- pany of the French, but that thb jealous Tem- per of the Men ojbftruds t|iem. There being a Figure of fbili^ King of Sfain^ now reigning* aboard the Ship in wnich mv JFriend was, who gave me this Account, the People fwarm'd a- board to fee it, they were never fatisfy'd with gazing at it, and there was a moKb magnificent Feftival kept in the Town, on Account of the Birth of the Prince of jifturtas. They underftand Trade very well, but are {loathful and averie to Labour, fond of State and Eafe. They wear great Strings of Beads about their Necks, their Honfes are foil of Pic- tures and Images of Devotion, decently furniih'd with Purceline and China Goods. The Churches are magnificently adorned with Plate. ,.,,;>;• ..a All Strangers are forbid Trading there, yet fome come by Stealth and deal Underhand, by Means of Prcf^nts made to fucb Perfbn^ as can favour them. If thofe Mulattoes call themfelves whice,it is only to honour themfelves and by Way of Diftindion from their Slaves, who are all Blacks, and having got much Mony by their Labour, ranfome themfelves and fome- times become conliderable Merchants. . The City oi Mexico, Capital of the Country and the Refidence of the Vice-roy, isaboue eighty Leagues diftant from yeracruz^ to the Weft ward, the Way to it very bad and ill furnifhM with Provifions. That Country would be better in fome Parts, were it weU cultivated . i^to NORTH AMERICA. 191 cnltivated by the Inhabitants. They fow but little of our Wheat, and are fatisfied with Iftdian Corn and CafMfi Root, whereof they make Cakes, as is pradis'd in the IQands. Their Trees and Fruits are the fame as in other hot Countries. About the Town of f^«r^fr«t, there are Bufliesofa Sort of Thorn, without Leaves* among which grows an extraordinary Plant ; . for tho' it has but a fmall Stem, it (hoots out Leaves of a Cabbage Greeny as thick as a Man's Finger> which grow our, one at the Bnd of ano« thet, in the Shape of a Racket, and the Plant itfelf is fo caird. From thofe Leaves there grows out a Sort of red Figs, very juicy, with Seeds like thofe of the Pomgranate v the Juice is of a Violet Colour, but unfavoury. There is a Sort of Flies that cleave to it and are fo fond of the Tafte of the Fruit, that they burfl; and drop down dead. They are carefully gathered and dry'd>and are the Scar- let Dye^ caird Cochinilla, which is brought into Europe^ and makes that beautiful Co- lour* The Birds aud Beads are much the fame as in other Countries of America. There is a Sort of Bird, all red, which for that Reafon is caird the Cardinal ', this they often tame and teach to ling like a Canary Bird. This is what I have been told concerning the Town of Veracruz., As for the Havana^ a Town and Port no lefs famous, in the Ifland of Cuhd^ belonging as well as the other to the Crown oiSpain^ it ftands towards the Weftern End, and on the North Side of that liland, almoft under the Tropick of Cancer^ and about four or five hundred Leagues on this Side of Teracrux., It is large and beauti- ful ■«f. Havani. m -:1 J 194 Monpur de la S a t ^s Seeoui Fojige fill ; the Port good, fecur'd hj two Forts on the two Sides, and Brafs Gqqs, fronn tweat/ foar to thirty iix Pounders, the Entrance fo nar- row, that only one .VeflTel can go ioat ooce. The Town is enconipafsM by a ftood Wall, for- tify'd with five Baftioos, furnilb'd with Cannon. The Streets are all as (trait as a Une« and level, the Houfes very handfome» but ill fnrnifli'd. In the Mid (I: of it is a line Square, the Buildings about all uniform* The Churches are magnifi- cent, and enrich'd with Gold and Silver, Lamps* Candlefticks, and Ornaments for the Altars« There are fome Lamps curioufly wrought, which weigh two hundred Marks of Silver, e^ch Mark being half a Pound. The Reve- nue of the Biflioprick amounts to fifty thou- fand Crowns, and he who enjoy'd it in the Year 1703* as I was tnform'd by my Friend, who gave me this Account of what he had feen, was the greateft Ornament of that City, for his Virtues and Charity, being fatisfy'd with Ne* cefliaries, and fpending all the reO: upon the Poor, and in repairing decay'd Churches. Tho' Strangers are prohibited to trade there, yet it is eafier carried on than ^ttVeracrusL, The In- habitants are more familiar ; the Women have more Liberty, yet they do not go Abroad with- out their Veils to wrap and hide them* Many of them fpeak French^ and drefs after the frtach Fa(hion> and Come of our Nation hav« fettled themfelves there. When my Friend was there, a magnificent Feftival was celebrated for fif- teen Days fttcceffively, in Honour of K* Philip the Fifth, and Monfieur du Cafi being then there, wltli his Squadron, the City defir'd him to join with them. To that Parpofc, he fee jk t\r» irts on twenty fo nar- t QQCC. ill, for- ianooiu i level, 'd. iQ ildings lagaifi- Umps» Altars* •ought. Silver, Reve- r thou- in the Frieod, id feen, for his :h Nc- ^n the . Tho' e, yet rhe In- en have d with- Many i Freucb fettled s there, for fif- . Philip g then :'d iiim he fee n flt/\r A ^«/e) NORTH AMERICA. alhore five hundred Men, who performed the Martial ExercKe in the great Square, which was much admirM. Tht Havana is the Place, where the Galeons meet. Provifions are dear there, efpecially Bread ^ but the Wine is not, tho' it is good. Filh and Flefh there are un- fa vory. The Inhabitants are 5f4;7i4ri;^/. We have thought fit to defcribe thofe two famous Ports of the Bay of Mexico^ as well be- caufe it has not been fo exaf^ly done before, as In Regard that the Settlement which is going to be made in Louijiana^ may have fome. De- );)endance on ttiem \ for the tiavAtta lying in the Way, thofe who perform the Voyage may hive the Conveniency of taking in Refreihments there, of putting in for Shelter in foul Wea- ther, and of careening or refitting. As for the Ftracruz^ tho' farther out of the Way, the Corrcfpondence there niay be advantagious for the Securing of the Colony of LouijianA, But how can that fail of fucceeding^ under the Condud of Monlieur Crozjit^ who has the Charge of that Enterprize, and wliom Provi- dence feems to have in a Manner ingag'd to ad-^ Vance in Wealth and Honour, to the Amaze^ ment of the World, and yet free from Envy, ik'om Jealoufy, and from any Sort of Complaints. There is therefore no Reafon to prelate other- wife than well of the Event of thif> Affair ) the Blellings God has poiir'd down upon all his former Undertakings^ feem to be a Security for what is to follow. There is Reafon to hope for fttll greater Bleflings on this Proje^ of a Settlement in Lmfiana, as being equally advan- tagious to Religion and the State \ for the pro- 19$ !!li ; hF. 196 Monfeur de la Sal i^s Second Voyage amoDg an infinite Number of Savages, by Means of the MilTioners, who are to be fent to and maiatain'd in thofeTafl: Countries^ the Plant- ing of the Faith in that new World, only the Kame whereof is known to us, and the Reda- cing of it to be a Chriftian'and zFnfich ^rovince^ under the Dominion of oar Auguft Monarch, and to the eternal Memory of his Reign, win be the Conleqaences and the Fraits of Monfiear Croz.at^s Care and Expence, the Glory of his Encerprize, the Security of the large Fortune he has made in this Life, and what is rarea- mong foch rich Men, the Earned of much bet* ter in the Next* Heaven grant our Hopetand Wilhes may be anfwer'd. yfi ^.^ Jdm^ 2CC« t ■'('■^ Tht! Letters Patent granted hj the KJ^g (f . France toM. Crozat. LO i; /ir^ by the Grace of God, King of France and Navarre : To aU whp (hall fee thefe prefent Letten, Greeting. The Care we have always had to procure the Wel- fare and Advantage of our Subjeds having in- duced, us, notwithftaading the almofl: continual Wars which we have been obliged to fnpporC from the Beginning of our Reign, to feek for all poffible Opportunities of enlarging and extending the Trade of our American Colonies, We did in thtYtar rSd^giVi owr Orders X&A. •^tor* J ...i^^&'j' iftto NORTH AMERICA. t9 undntiike 4 Difcovery of the Countries and i^^ds which Of fituated in the Nothern Part of jimerica^ between New France and New Mexi- co : And the Sieur de la Sile, to whom ms committed that Enterpriz.ey having had Succejs enough to confirm a Belief that a Communication mi^t he fettled from New France to the Gulph of l^exico by Means of large River^ •, Thu •hliged us immediately after theVeace of^\imz)li to give Orders for the efiabliflting a Colony there ^ and maint-aining a Garrifon which has kept and freferved the PoITeflion, we hai tikcn in tie very Tear 1683 of the Lands ^Coafis and J (lands which are fituated in the Gulph of Mexico^ between Carolina on the Bafi^ and Old and New Mexico on the IVefi. Bui a new War having broke ouc in Europe Ihortly after, there was no PoflTibility, till now, of reaping from that new Colony the Advantages that might have been expcded from thence, becaufe tlie private Men, who are concerned in the Sea Trade, were all under Engagements with other Colonies, which they have been obliged to follow : And whereas upon the Information we have received concerning the Difpofition and Situation of the faid Coun- tries known at prefent by the Name of the Province la Leuifiana^ we are ot Opinion that there may be eftablifhed therein a conliderable Commerce, fo much the more advantageous to pur Rir^gdom in that there has hitherto been a KecelTity of fetching from Foreigners the greateft Pare of the Commodities which may be brought from thence, and becaufe in Ex- change thereof we ..eed carry thither nothing but Commodities of the Growth and Manu- 197 !^ M=, ' i 5 ! . : 198 Monfteur de la S a l eV Second Vojdge ed to grant the Commerce of the Country of touijtana to the Siifir Authony Crtzjit oar Coan« cellor. Secretary of the Hoa(hold, Crown and Revenue, to whom we entruft the Executioa of this Projed. We are the more readily inclined hereunto, becanfe his Zeal and the lingular Knowledge he has acquired in maritime Commerce, encourage us to hope for as good Succefs as he has hitherto had in the divers and fundry Enterprizes he has gone upon, and which have procured to our Kingdom great Quantities of Gold and Silver in fuch Conjun- aurcs as have rendred them very welcome to us. FOR THESE REASONS being defirons to (hew our Favour to him, and to regulate the Conditions upon which we mean to grant him the faid Commerce, after having deliberated this Affair in our Council, Of our certaia Knowledge, full Power and Royal Authority, We by thefe Prefents figned by our Hand, have appointed and do apppint the faid Sieur Crox^at foUly to carry on ^ Trade in alt the Lands polTeflred by Us, and bounded by New Mexico, and by the Lands of the Englilh of Carolina, all the EflMiftmem^ Ports^ Havens^ JiiverSf and principally the Port and Haven of the Ifle Oauphine, heretofore called MaiTacre \ the River of St. htmsjheretofore called Miflifipi, from the Edge of the Sea as far as the Illinois ^ tO' getber with the River of St.Philip, heretofore catted the MifTourys, and ofSv Jerome, heretofore called Ovabache, with aU the Countries^ Territoriis^ Lakes within Land^ and the Rivers which tfalt di-^ reStly or indiredly intQ that Part of the River of St. Lewis. into NORTH AMERICA. The ARTICLES. I. Our Pleafurc is, tha^ all the afore fa id Lands, Countries Screams, Hirers and Iflands be and remain comprifed under the Name of Th* Governmtnt of Louifiana, which jhdU bt dtftndunt ufon tht Central Gtvernmtnt of New Franc99 to which it is fubordinate ; and farther, that all the Lands which we poflefs from the Jflinois be united, fo far as OccaHon requires, to the General Government of New franct^ and become Pkrt thereof, refer ving however to Ourfelves the Liberty of enlarging as We (hall think fit the Extent ofthe Government of the faid CoiHitry o^LoviJUna, ' II. \Ve grant to the (aid Sieur Crozat for Fift(^n faccefllve Years, to be reckoned from the Day of Inrolling thefe prefents, a Right and Power to tr?rport all Sorts of Goods and Merchandize from France into the faid Country oi Louifiana^ and to traflick thither as he ihall think fit. We forbid all and every Perfoa and Perfons, Company and Companies of what Qyality or Condition foever, and under any Pretence whatever, to trade.thither, ufidtr Penalty of Confifcaitioa of Goods, Ships, and other more fevere Pimiihments, as Occafioa Ihall require \ for this Purpofe we order our Governours and other Officers commanding oor Troops in the (kidCountry forcibly to abet, aid and alfift the Directors and Agents ofthe faid iieur Crozat, III. We' permit him to fearch for, open and dig all Sorts of Miqes, Veins and Minerals throughout the whole Extent of the faid Coun- try 01 Louipana^ and to tranfport the Profits thereof into any Port of Fr4w« daring the faid '■' - • oai Fif^ 199 • 11! •^\ I 4\ % V ■■i '4a 20O Monfteur de la S a l eV Second Vojdge Fifteen Years 5 and wc grant in Perpetuity f.o him, his Heirs, and others claiming under him or them, thr Property of, in and tathe Mines, Veins and Minerals which he fliall bring to bear, paying us, in Ucu of all Claim, the Fifth Part of the Gold ^hd Silver which the faid Sieur Croz^at (hall caufe to be tranfported to Trance at his own Charges into what Port be pleafcs, (oi which Fifth we wiH run the Riique of the Sea and of War,) and the Tenth Part of what Effe([)s he (hall draw from the other Mines, Veins and Minerals, which Tenth he iliall transfer and convey to our Magazines in the faid Country ofLoutfiana. We likewife permit him to fcarch for precioos Stones and Pearls, paying iis the Fifth Part ' in the fame Manner as is mention'd for the Gold and Silver. Wc will that the faid Sieur Croz^dt^ his Heirs, or thole claiming under him or them the perpe- : tual Right, fliall forfeit the Propriety of the faid Mines, Veins and Minerals, if th^y difcontinue the Work during three Years, and that in fuch Cafe the faid Mines, Veins and Minerals (hall be fully reunited to our Domaine, by Virtue of this prefent Article, without the Formality of any Procefsof Law, butonly an Ordinance of Re-union from' the Subdelegate of the Intendanc of New Franct^ who fliall be In the faid Country, nor do we mean that the faid Penalty of Forfeiture in Default of work- / ing for three Years, be reputed a Comminatory Penalty. ^ IV. The faid SUur CrozMt may vend all fuch Merchandize* Goods, Wares, Commodities, Arms, 4nd Ammanition as he fltall have caufed 4 ,v mg on be Rifqce h Part other Qth he ines In ^ecioQs h Part 3r the Heirs, >erpe* 9f the th^y 9 and ( and laine, t the y an (gate ill be tthe ork- tory (bch ties, ifed M/oNORTH AMERICA. 201 to be tranfported into the faid Country and Government of LottifianM^M well to the French^ as S4VM£9s who are or (ball be there fctled ; nor lh?]ll any Pcrfon or Pcrfons under any Pretence whatfocver be capablr of doing the like without his Leave exprefled in Writing. V. He may pnrchafe in the faid Country., all Sorts of Fars^ Skins, Leather, Wool, and other Commodities and EfFeds of the faid Country, and tranfport them to France during the faid Fifteen Years : And as our Intention is to favour, as much as we can, our Inhabi- tants of New France. And to hinder the LeC- feninf of their Trade, we forbid him Traffick- ing i^: Caftor in the faid Country under any * Prccence whatfoever ; nor to Convey any from thence into our Kingdom or Foreign Countries. VI. We Grant to the Sieur Croz.at^\\u Heirs or thofe claiming under him or th^m, the Property of, in and to all Settlements and Manufa^ories which he (hall ereSt or fet up in the faid Coun- try for Silk, Indigo, WoolJ, Leather, Mines, Veins and IVIinerals,as likewife the Property of, in and to the Lands which he (hall caufe to be Cultivated, with the Man(ions, Mills, and Strnftures which he (hall caufe to be built there- on, taking Grants thereof from Us, which Grants he (ball obtain upon the Verbal Procefs and Opinion of our Governor and of the Sub- delegate of the Intendant of iVeTpirtfffrein the laid Country, to be by him Reported unro Us. We will that the faid Sieur Croz.at^ his Heirs, or thoib claiming under him or them, (hall keep /^ in Repair the faid Settlements, Manufadurcs, Lands and Mills ^ and in Default thereof durir^ the Space of . three Vears, he and they (hall O A Forfeit m ^i! f!;-^ w 202 Monfteur de la Sal b'j Second f^ojsge Forfeic the fame, and the faid Settlements, Manafaftories, Lands and Mills IhaU be Re- united to oar Domaine faOy and amply, and in the fame Manner as is mentioned above in the Third Article concerning the Mines, Veins and Minerals. VII. Our Edids. Ordinances and Cuftoms, and the Ufages of the Mayoralty andShree- valty of Paris^ fhall be obferved for Laws and Cudoms in the faid Country of Lfuift4na, VIII. The faid Sieur Crozjit (hall be oblig'd to fend to the faid Country of Lcuifiana Two Ships every Year, which he (halt caufe to fet one in the proper Seafon, in each of which Ships he fhall caufe to be imbitk'd, without paying any Freight, 25 Tun of Visuals, EfFefts, and necef- fary Ammunition, for the Maintenance of the Garrifon and Forts of the Louifiana ; and ia Cafe we (hould caufe to be laden above the faid 25 Tun in each Ship, we confent to pay the Freight to the faid Sieur Crexjtf^ at the ccjmmoa Merchantile Rates. He (hall be obligM to convey our OiHcers of Louifiana in the Ships which be (hall fend thither, and to furnifli them with Sub(iftance and a Captain^s Table for 30 Sols per Day, which we will caufe to be paid for each. He (hall likewife give Padage in the faid Ships, to the Soldiers, which we (hall pleafe to fend to the faid Country *, and we will caufe the ne* cefTiry Provifions for their Subfiftance to be furniih'd to him, or will pay him for them at the fame Price as is paid to the P\}rveyor/(? NORTH AMERICA. 20$ he finds ic proper to have Blacks in the faid Country of the LouipAna^ he may fend a Ship every Year to trade for them direSly upon the Coaft of GuintMf taking Permiflioo from the GuintA Company fo to do, be may fell thofe Blacks^ to the Inhabitants ot the Colony of Leuifidfia \ and we forbid all other Companies and Perfons whatfoever, under any Pretence whatfoever, to introduce Blacks or Traflick for them in the faid Country, nor (hall the faid Siiur CrezMt carry any Blacks elfe where. XV. He (hall not fend any Ships into the faid {Country of Louifmna but direftly from Fmncif and he fliall Caufe the faid Ships to Re- turn thither again ; tiie whole under Pain of Confifcation and Forfieture ofthc Prefent Pri- viledgc. XVI. THE faid Sieur Crozat (hall be 0- bliged, after the Expiration of the firfl: nine Years of this Grant, to Pay the Officers and -^^ the Garrifon which (hall be in the (?'*d Country ! During the Six la(t Years of the Continuance of this Prefent Priviledge : The faid Sieur Crez.at may in that Time propofe and nominate the Officers, as Vacancies (hall fall, and fuch Of- , ficers, (hall be Confirmed by us, if we approve ^'' of them. Given at FONTAINBLEAV the Fourteenth Day of September in the Year of Grace 1712. And of Onr Reign the 70th. SIGNED LOVJS By the KING PHELIPEAVX\&c. Rcgifter'd at P >4 ^ /i ia the Parliamcot, the Four and Twentieth of September, 1712. . . M! ■! s\ i62 Mcnfteur dc la S a l e*5 $ec.onA Vojsge <^gii<^S7 to land, and fometimes to travel over miry ^>yy^^ Lands, where we funk up half way the Leg ; other Tinoies over btirning Sands, which fcorch'd onr Feet,having lo Shoes,or elfe over Splinters of Woqd, which ran into the Soles of oar Feet* and when we were come to the refting Place, we were to provide Fuel to drefs our Meat, and provide all Things for oor Jndimts^ who would not have done fo much as go t€Cch a Cup of Water, tho' we were on the Bank of the River, and yet we were happy Vv enough in having them. We proceeded on, continually undergoing the fame Toil, tin the Seventh, when, we faw the fir ft Bullock, i*e had mtt on our Way, fincc our coming among the AccamttCs. The Indians^ who had a great Mind to eat Flefli, made a Sign to me^ to go kill it. I purfu'd and Shot, but it did not fall, the hidUns ran after, kiU'd, and came to tell us it muft: be patched, or dry'd, which was accordingly done* I muft here take Kotice of a Ceremony our Indians perform'd, ^ when they came near the Bullock, before they flead him. Ceremm In the firft Place, they adorn'd his Head 4BuS.^ with fome Swans and Buftards ftown, dy'd red, and put fome Tabacco into his Noftrils, and between the Clefts oi the Hoofs. When they \.» had Head him, they cutout the Tongue, and put a Bit of Tabacco into its Place; then they ftuck two Wooden Forks into the Ground, laid a Stick acrofs them, on which . ^ they plac'd feveral Slices of the Fleih, in the J^ature of an Offering. The Ceremony being ended, we parch*d or dry'd the bcft Parts of T" the fiealt and proceeded on our Journey. The The into NORTH AMERICA. i(5j T*e 9th, vre found the Baoks of the River ^H* «*«7 Very high, aad the Earth of them Yellow, Red ^^"Y^ and White, and thither the Natives came to fiJ^rAiol' lurnifii themfelvei with it| to adorn their Bo- tours. dies, on Feftival Days. We held on our Way dll the i4tb, when we met a Herd of Bul- locks, whereof we kiird five, dry'd Part of ' them, and proceeded till the tSth. . The 19th, we came to the Mouth of the „ . River, call'd HouAbMshe^ faid to come from the chc^ivel] Country of the Iroqwis^ towards Nm England. ^ / That is a very fine River, its Water extraor- y/'- -' diaarv cteari and the Currenc of it, gentle. ; Oar inMans ofier'd op to it, by Way of Sacrifice, i fome Tabacco and Beef Steaks, which they fix*d on Forks, and left them on the Bank, to be dif- / pos'd of as the River thought fit. Weobferv'd lome other Soperftltions among thofe poor Peo« pie, one whereof was as follows* . There were fome certain Days, on which Midn they Fafted, and we knew them, whenaflbon ^<#* astbey awakM, they belTmearM their Faces and - ^ Arms, or other Parts of their Bodies, with a . (limy Sort of Barth, or pounded Charcoal ; for that Day they did not eat till Ten or Elevea of the Clock at Night, and before they did eat they were to wipe off that Smearing, and had Water brought them for that Purpofe. V The OecafioB of their Fading was, as they gave us to onderftand, thu they might have good Saccefs in Httatiag, and kill Abundance of fiul our Watch during the Night, for Fear they ibeuld forfake us. \ With that Jealoufy we proceeded oh our Journey the 28th and 29th, coafting along the Foot of an uprighC^ock, about ii^tty, or eighty Foot high, round which the River glides. Held on the 30th and 31ft, and the firft of Stptem^ MKTourw ber pafs'd by the Mouth of a River call'd A/i/- J{ivir, faurss^ whofe Water is always thick, and to which our Indians did not forget to ofier Sa- ' crifice. figure 9f The 2d, we arriv'd at the Place, where the 4 pretend' Figure is of the pretended Monfter fpoken of by «WJ^V^ wants very much of ^^ie extraordinary Height that Relation mentions. However our Indians paid Homage, by ofFering Sacrifice to that , Stone; tho' we endeavoar'd to give them to nnderftand, that the faid Rock had no Manner of Virtue, and that we worfhip'd fomething above it, pointing up to Heaven ^ but it was to no Parpofe, and they made Signs to us, that they Ihoald die if they did not perform that - vv Duty. We proceeded, coafting along a Chain ofMoantains, and at length, on the 3d, Uk i(Lver cf the Mijfifipif to enter the River of the iflh ^heiaiauit nois» \> . We found a great Alteration in that River,^ as well with Refpef^to its Courfe, which is very gentle, as to the Country about it, which is much more agreeable and beautiful than that about the great River, by Reafon of the many ^ fine Woods and Variety of Fruit its Bai^ks are ^ ' adorn'd with* It was a very great Comfort to \ us, to find fomnchEafe in going up that Ri- ver, by Reafon of its gentle Stream, fo that we all ftay'd in the Canoe and made much more Thus we went on till the 8th,without flopping diesofeau any longer than to kill a Bullock, and one of ing raw. our Indidns, who had a craving Stomach, having ^^^h eaten fome of its Suet hot and raw, was taken very ill, and died of it, as I (ball mention in its ' ^ Place. The 9th, we came into a Lake, about half a League over. Which we crofs'd, and return'd into the Channel of the River, on the Banks whereof we fouQd feverd Marks of the Natives. M 3 having -^SA^ Metttfig nitb llli nojs* i &6 Monfieur de la S A l iV Second Voysgt ^(^,1^87 having been inc9mp*d thcrc» whea they came ^^'%'tofifliand dry what they ctught. The loth, «f c crofs'4 another Lake, call'd trimiuhmy^ tf* ^ara'dtothe River, and the nth, faw Minn* before qs, incaosp'd on the Bank of a Eirer, whereupOQ we ftop'd and made ready our Arms. In the mean Time, one of them came towards us by Land, and we put on oor Canoe towards him. When that Indim was near, he ftood gattog on «s, withoat (peaking a Word, and |hen . drawing ftiVl nearer, wje gave bim to uaderCband* that we werefenc by Monfienr dt USalt^ and came from him: Then he made Signs ta us, to advance towards his People, whom, he went before to acquaint with what we had £iid to him, £0 that when we were come near then they fired feveral Shot to falate «s, and we an-> fwer'd them with our Firelocks. After tfkt mntural Saktatioiit they ame kto oar Canoe* to figmly» they were gtadl to hear News of Monliear de U Sd^, We »sk'd tbcnl,: What Nation tbcy were of^ they anrwer'd>They were Ifiinw^ of a Canton caH'd Qikff:(^\M. We enquif'd whether ^fDnfieffr tonty was at Fort Ltms •, they gave us to un<»^ derftandl, that he was not, but that he watgone to the War againfl: theXTp^//. They invited Qs Aihore^ to go with tbem to eat of ftckat they had, wetbank'dthem, and they broogfat \2s fome Gourds . and Water Melons, in Est* change for which* we gave them fome parcbM. ■ :^leib» :' •-bn?.'*-- • > ^We had not by the Way/ taken Kotioe of at Canoe, in wbicb was a Maii.witli> two- Wo« men, wto, bdng afraid of us^ bad tnd them* : ftlves WIS. ^ ifUoNOKTH AMERICA; s6y felvcs among the Reeds, but that Man feeing us ^fpfi^s? ftop among his*Countrymen,.took Heart, cime ^-^'^V**^ to as, and having tdid us, that he belong'u to a Village near l?ottL*r»is^ wc fet out together, ^ and one of oar Indians went into that Canoe, ^ to help them to fliove, fo they call the Way of pufhing on the Canoe vfith Poles inftead of rowing. On Sund4y^ the t^th oi September, about tw6 Fort Lew- in the Afternoon, ve came into the Keigh- is among ^ .bodrhood of Fort Lems, Drawing near, vve '** ^^*'^®** were met by. (bmc Indians that were on the Bank, who having view'd us well, and under- ftandin^ we came from Monfr. «fr la Sale, and that we beldng'd to him, ran to the Fort to carry the News, and immediately we faw a S Blench Man come out, with a Company of Indi-- ans, whoiir'd a Volley of feveral Pieces, to fa- lute us. Then the French Man drew near, and defir'd Bs to come Afliore, which we did, leav- ing only one in the Canoe, to take Care of our Biiggage i for the Iflhteis are very (harp at car- rying off any thing they can lay their Hand$ on', and cOfifi^eittty, nothing near fo honeft as the Natioiis we had pafe'd thro^. Wcallwalk'd together towards the Fort, dnd found three Blench Men coming to meet us, and among them a Clerk, who had belong'd to jinhAiat the late Hfonfi-. deUSah, They Immediately fonUwig a$k'd us, where Monfr. de la Sale was, we told them*, he had brought us Part of the Way, and left us at a Place about forty Leagues beyond the CeniSf and tbat he was then in good Health. Jl All that wastrve enough ; for Monfr, Cavelier antf I, who were Che Perfbns^ that then fpoke, ^ were HOC prefent at -Monfr. de la Sale'^ Death v M 4 ' ke f; T . I ! ij I 'tm 1 68 Monfteur |de la Sal £*/ Second VojAga jrpM687 he was in good Health when he left us, and I <>^V^^ have told the Rcafons we had for concealing bis Death, till we* came into Frame, It is no lefs true, that Father AnMStdput^ and he they called TeiJUr^ could have given a better Account, the one as an Ey« Witnefs, cind tlie other, as one of the Murderers, and > they were both with us \ but to avoid lying, they faid Nbthing. We farther told them, we had Orders to go over into France^ to give an Account of the Difcoveries made byMonfieur dt /^ 54/#, and to procure the fending of Succours. At length, we cnter'd the Fort, where we found and furpriz'd fcveral Perfons who did notexpedt us. All the Frtn:^h were under Arms iRtce^unt, and made feveral Difcharges to welcome us. Moniieur de Belle Fontaine Lieutenant to Monfr. Tonty^ was at the Head of them and complir mented u$. Then we were conduced to the Chappel, where we return'd Thanks to God, from the Bottom of our Hearts, for having preferv'd and condulE^ed us in Safety *, after which we bad our Lodgings allignM us, Mqnfr* Cavelier and Father ^»4/«/7»i bad one Cham-* ber, and we were put into the Magazine, or Ware-houfe. All this While, the Natives came by Intervals, to fire their Pieces, to ex- prefs their Joy for our Return, and for the News we brought of Moafieur de U Sale^ which refrelh'd our Sorrow for his Misfor- tune;' perceiving that his Pcefence would bave fettled all Things advantagecufly. , The Day after our Arrival, one of the In* dUm^ who had conduced us, having been fick ever fince he eat the raw Beef Suet, 1 mention'd before, diedi ^ad his Compaaions took away and i/f/o.NORTH AMERICA. 169 and bury'd him privately. Wc gave them the septA6%'^ promised Reward, and the Part belonging to ^XV^i? the Dead Man, to be deliver'd to his Relations. They ftay'd fome Time in, the Fort, during the which, we took extraordinary , Care of them, and at laft they returned to their. < . own Homes. As far as we coold gather by half Words ' droppM there by one or other at the Fort, Something had been done there prejudicial to , the Service of Monfr. ^« U Sale^ and againft his Authority, and therefore fome dreaded his Return, but more efpecially a Jffuif was ia great Confternation. He was fick, Monfieur . Cavelitr^ Father jinaflajius and I went to vifit him. He enquired very particularly of all Points, and could not conceal his Trouble, which we would not feem tor take Kotice of. Oor Delign being to make the belt of our Way to Canad4^ in Order to fet out Aboard the firCb Frtnch Ships that fhould Sail for France^ we enquired how we were to proceed, and mec with feveral Difficulties. The Navigation on that River was very dangerous, by Reafonof ^'^^^^^^^ the Falls there are in it, which mud be care- '^''*'^* fully avoided, unlefs a Man will run an inevi- table Hazard of periflung. There were few Perfons capable of managing that AfFair, and ' the War with the Iroquois made all Men a-* fraiJ. , However the Sicur Boifrondet^ Clerk to the late Monfr. dr U Sale^ having told us he had a Canoe, in which he deiiga'd to go down to Canada, we prepared to make ufe of that Opportunity. Care was taken to gather Pro- , . . . vifions Kai ■\- . '*•*■ ',"-»' 1' ; • ,*' 170 Monpeur de fa S a t eV Second Voyage Sepu 1(587 vifions for oar Voyage, to get Furs to barter as '^^VVI ,ire pafs'd by Micihmdauinay, The Vilits of two Chiefs of Nations, caH'd C«/rtf^M P^rtfMTM and Caeahntanous difcoirer'd by the late Monfieur ^ II »: #»ft>NC^TH AMERICA. 171 It was then the good Seafon for (hooting* oa,i69'f Thofc GcDtleaien at the Fort had fecur'd two \^^W. good Indimi SportfmeOy who never let us want tor Wild Fowl of all Sorts; beHdes we had good Bread , and as good Froitt and had there ' been any Thing to drink belides Water, we bad ftr'd well. The Letfure we had dari^ng our Stay there, gave me an Opportunity of makiog the following Remirks> as well of my own Ob- fervatioo, as what i leamMof the FreMb re- fiding there. Fort Livrit is in the Country of the Ifnt$h ^ and feated on a Reep Rock, about two hundred ^l„X^ Foot high, the Rtver running at the Bottom of Lewit^ffi it. It is only fortified with Stakes and Palifades, tbeCoumry and fome Houfes advahciag to the Edge of the aboiah. Rock. It has a very fpacious Efplanad«« or Place of Arms. The Plice is oataraUy ftrong, ' and might be made fo b^ Art, with little £x« pence. Several of the Natives live in it, in ^ their Hots. I cannot give an Account of the Latitude it ftands in, for Want of proper Inftru- ments to take aa Obfervation, but Kothing can be pkafbnter 9 and it nuy be traly af&r m'd , that the Country of the Jftwois eAjoys all that can make if accomplifhr^d, not only as ta Orna- ment, but alib for its plenttfol Produt^ion of all Things leqaiGte ibc the Support of human Life* The Plain, which is water'dby the River, is , beautified by two fmall HiQs^ about half a League difb at from the Ft]trt, and thofe Hills are covcr'd with Groves of Oaks, Walnut- Trees and other Seres I have named elifewhere. The Fields axe fiiQ of Grais, growing up very ^;^, ^ , high*. Oa the Sides of the: Hills is found a chyfo"^ i' r .,. gravelly Br/f*^&c, 1 ^L %'^ ^1 ii r' HHflvei. »^ V«i»ff. 172 Monfteur de fa S A l i^s SecMd VoyAgi 0^, 1687 gravclfy Sort of Stone, very fit to make Lime ^yy^ for Building. There are alfo many Clay Pits, fit for making of Earthen Ware, Bricks and Tiles, and along the Ri?er there are Coal Pits, the Coal whereof. has been try'd and found very good. There is no Reafon to queftion, but that there are in this Country, Mines of all Sorts of Metals, and of the richeft, the Climate being the fame as that'of iVeip Mtxicf. We law feve-* ral Spots, where it appeared there were Iron Mines, and found fome Pieces of it on the Bank of the River, which Nature had deanfed. Travellers who have been at the upper Part of the Mijfippi^ aiHrm they have found Mines there, ot very good Lead. That Country is one of the moft temperate in the World, and confequently wbatfoever is fow'd there, whether Herbs, Roots, Indian and even Euroftan Corn thrives very well, as has been try'd by the Sieur l^ifrondtt^ who fow'd of all Sorts, and had a plentiful Crop, and we cat of the Bread, which was tery good*, And whereas we were ailnredf.that there were Vines which run up, whofe Grapes are very ^,ood and delicious, growing along the River, ic is reafonable to believe, that if thofe Vines were tranfplanted and pron'd, there might be very |ood Wine made of them. There is alfo^ Plenty of wild Apple and Pear Trees, and of feveral other Sorts, which would afbrd excel* lent Fruiti were they grafted and tranfplant* cd. All other Sorts of Fruit, as Plumbs, Peaches and others, wherewith the Country abounds, yvould become exquifite, if the fame Cndufti^y were ( \ iWo NORTH AMERICA, lyj * were us'd, and other Sorts of Froic we have in ^^. itf<7 frMtv$ wottld thrive well, if they werecarry'd »^''VXi over* The Earth produces a Sort of Hemp* whereof Cloth might be made and Cordage. As for the Manners and Coftoms of the 7/?/- JJyjJf »m, in many Particulars they are the fame as ^^^ ^ thofe of the other Nations we have feen. They the iHi- are naturally fierce and revengeful, and among nols* them the Toil of Sowing, Planting, carrying of Burdens, and doing all other Things that n^omm i$ belong to the Support of Life, appertains pe- aU ukur. culiarly to the Women. The Men hav» no o- ther Bufinefs but going to the War and hunt- ing} and the Women mufl: fetch the Game when they have kill'd it, which fometimes they are to carry very far to their Dwellings, and there to parch, or drcfs it any other Way. When the Corn or other Grain is fow'd, the Women fecure it from the Birds till it comes up. Thofe Birds are a Sort of Starlings, like ours in Frsnctf but larger and fly in great Swarms* , The IJlimis have but few Children, and are CbUiroL extreamly fond of them ; it is the Cuftom a- mong them, as well as others I have mention- ed, never to chide, or beat them, but only to throw Water at them, by Way of Chaftife- ment. The Nations we have fpoken of l>efore, are Tbievir^^ not at all, or very little, addif^ed to Thieving ; but it is not (b with the Jfiinois^ and it behoves every Man to watch their Feet as well as their Hands, for they know how to turn any Thing out of the Way moft dexteroufly. They arc fobjcft to the general Vice of all the other /«- ii*ns^ which is to boaft very much of their ^^*fi'**&* Warlike 174 Monfeur de la S A l eV Second Vojagt M. 1687. Warlike£xploits,ajid chat is the main Subje.d of| Ky^^^'^ their Difcourle, and they are very great Lyars. dreoftbe ^^^Y P^F > Refped to their Dead, as ap-| j)€Md» pears by their fpecial Care of burying them, and CTen of putting into lofty Cof&os the Bodies ■.[ of foch as are conliderable among them, as their Chiefs and others, which is alio pradifed a- * mong the Mca9ieta\ bat they d'lfSev in this Par- ticular, that the jiccawid^s weep and make their ^ ^ .v Complaints for fome Days, whereas the Cha' .^ honMHout and other People of the Illinois Nation do julb the Contrary ; for when any of them die, they wrap them op in Skins, and then put them into Coffins made of the Barks of Trees, then (ing and dance about them for twenty four Hoars. Thofe Dancers take Care to tie Cala- bafhes, or Gourds about their Bodies, with fome Jfifi/i4/» Wheat in them,to rattle and make aKoife, and fome of them have a Drum, made of a great Earthen Pot, on which they extend a wild Goat's Skin, and beat thereon with one Stick, like our Tabors. Iftefentt f» During that Rejoicing, they throw their Pre- tbcPcAi, fents on the Coffin, as Bracelets, Pendants, or Pieces of Earthen Ware, and Strings of Beads, encouraging the Singers to perform their Duty well, n any Friend happens to come thither at thatTime, he immediately throws down his Pre- fent and fails a linging and dancing )ike the reft. When that Ceremony is over, they bury the Body, with Part of the Prefents, makiog^choice " of fuch as may be moft proper far \*, I hey alfo bury with it, fome Store of Indi4n Whea^ with a Pot to boil it in, for fear the dead Pcrfoa ^%\& be hungry on his long Journey ) . L-[ and .:.'.t ^ . intu 1 and they Year's En A good they divid a Game, < Winner. Stick, vei be the Ha throws th Men run and at laf the firft L he who ke on to the have been Ceremony whom the The M than the P part after 'they pleai the Men ai when they ly cut of 1 been fofei Nevertl great Crit men who with Frtnc addided t they nevei they are m to be prev who have bjcftof : Lyarf . as ap- ; them, Bodies as their tifed a- his Par- ke their be Cha- Natioa >f them hen put Trees, aty four ie Gala- ch feme aNoife, ide of a 1 a wild e Stick, cir Pre- ^ots, or Beads, ;ir Daty lither at his Pre the reft, iry the ^choice :hey Wheat, he dead oorncy *, and f/irp NORTH AMERICA. 175 and they repeat the fame Ceremony at the ^''^' '^^T Year's End O^W* A good ^Mumber of Prefenti ftill remaining, Q^t ^ they divide them into (everal Lots, and play at th stick. a Game, calVd of the Stick, to give them co the Winner. That Game is play VI, taking a (horc '^ ' Stick, very fmooth and greas'd, that it may be the Harder to hold it faft. One of the Blders throws that Slick as far as he can, the young Men run after it, fnatch it from each other^ and at lalfc, he who rediaios poflTefs'd of it, has the firftLot. The Stick is then thrown again, ^ ;'' ' ; ; he who keeps it then has the fecond Lot, and To on 111 the End* The Women, whofe Husbands have been {lain in War, often perform the fame Ceremony, and treat the Singers and Dancers whom they have before invited. The Marriages of the llUnm laft no longer, MirtUgei than the Parties agree together; tor they freely \ ., part after aHtintingBout, each going which Way ' ,Cp 'they pleafe, without any Ceremony. Hc^ever, the Men are jealous enough of their Wives, and when they catch them in a Fault, they general* iy cut of their Nofes, and I faw one who had been fo fcrv'd. Neverthelels, Adultery is not reckon'd any AdaJtcrj, great Crime among them, and there are Wo- men who make no Secret of having had to do mth French Mta» Yet are they not fufHciently addided to that Vice to offer tbemfelves, and they never fall, onlefs they are fued to, when, they are none of the moft diffieult in the World to be prevailed on. The reft I leave to thofe who have liv*d longer there thaa 1. ■ '-.VVc • 1/ mm iJ>e coma to Fort Le< wif. 176 Monfieur de la Sal bV Second Voyige tfff. 1687. We contiQu'd fome Thnc in Fort Ltwit^ ^'^ ' without receiving any News. Our Bufine(s was, after having heard Mafs, which we had the good Fortune to do every Day, to divert men daily brought in fomething frefh, we want- ed not for Water Melons, Bread made of In- d$ah Corn, bak'd in the Embers, and other fuch Things^ and we rewarded ihem with little Pre- fents in Return. M Tontv ^^ '^^ ^'7''^' °^ OSiober, of the fame Year, ^ Monfieur Tonty return'd from the War with the Iroquois, Our Embraces and the Relation of our Adventures were again repeated *, bat ftill concealing from him , the Death of Monfieur de U Sale, He told us all the Parti- culars of that War, and faid, That the Iroquois having got Intelligence of the March of the French Forces and their Allies, had all come out of their Villages and laid themfelves in Am- bufli by the Way \ but that having made a fud- den and general Dlfcharge upon our Men, with their ufual Cries, yet without much Harm done, they had been repuls'd with Lofs, took their Fligfft, and by the Way burnt all their own Villages. That Monfieur d* HettnonviUe^ chief Governor of New France^ had caus'd the Army to march, to burn the reft of their Villages, fet Fire to their Country and Corn, but would not proceed any farther. That afterwards he had made himfelf Matter of feveral Canoes be- longing to the £/9t^/i/&, molt of them laden with Brandy, which had been plundered \ that the Engliflj had been fent Prifoners to MontreM^ they being come to make fome Attempt upon the IJlinois, We H^irwhb the Iro. quoig. rf;»ra NORTH AMERICA- 177 We cQnutiued ?ft^r thU Manner, till the />w. 1687. Month of December f when two Men arrived, ^-/W^ frona MontreaL They came to give Notice to Moofr. To/»/j(» that three Canoes, la- den with Merchandize, Powderi Ball and other Thingt, were arriv'd at Ckic^on^ that there being too little Water in the Hiver, and what there was being frozen, they could come down no lower *, fo that i( being requifite to fend Men to fetch thofe Things, Monfr. Tonty de- $rM the Chief of the Chahouanous to furnim him with People. That Chief accordingly provi- ded forty, as well Men as Women, who fet out with fome Frfvfi? Men. The Honefty of the Ch^houdMus was the Reafon oi preferring them before the Iflimis^ who are naturally Knaves. That Ammunition and the Merchandize were ub* 1688. foon brought, and very feafonably, the Fort be- ing tben in Want. We (tay'd there tiU the B,m oi Fehrunry^ itfS8, at which Time we fix'd oar Refolution to depart, tho' we had no News from Cw4d4^ as we cxpe^ed. We found there were fome ^Canoes ready to uader-> take that Voyage, and we laid hold of that Op- pyortanity to convoy each other to the MiciUm^* ^uimtyy where we hop'd to meet fome News from Canads, Monlieur C^velitr the Prieft, had taken Care, 4>efore the Death of M. de U Sale, his Brother, to ^^■^''•1^88 get of him a Letter of Credit,io receive either a Sum of Money or Furs in the Country ot the IJlmis. He tender'd that Letter to M. lomy^ who believing M. de la Sale was ftill alive, made no Difficulty of giving him to the Value of about 4000 Livres in Furs, Caftors and Otter Skins, a Canoe and other EfTeds, for which, the faid N Monfr* m ■ 'i. I ¥ 1: 'i 178 Monfieur de la S a l e'^ Second VoyAgi Afir.i688 Monfr. Cavelitr gavc Him his Note, and we pre- ^■^'"V^J par'd for our Journey. I have before obfervdd, that there was a 7<- /»{>, whefe Name was Daloiiea at Fort Lewis^ and who had been viery much farpriz'd to hear that Monfr. de U Sale was to come in a ihorc Time, being under great Apprehenfions oa Account of a Confpiracy intended to have beea carry'd on, againft Monfr. de la Salens Intereft. That Father perceiving out Departure was fix'd, movM firfl:, and went away foremolt, to return to Micilimaefuinay \ fo that they were left without a Prieft at Fort Lewis^ which was a great Trouble to us, becaufe we were the Occallon of it, and therefore tbofe, who were to remain in the Fort, anticipated the Time', and made their Eafter^ taking the Advantage of the Prefenceof F. jiftaftafius and M. Cavelier. At length, vvefetout the 21th oi March, -.^ , from Fort Lewis, The Sieur Boifrondet, who was romirml ^^fircus to return to France^ join'd us, weim- bark'd on the River, which was then become navigable, and before we had advancM five Leagues, met with a rapid Stream, which oblig'd us to go Afliore, and then again into the Water, to draw along our Canoe* 1 had the Misfor- tune to hurt one of my Feet againft a Rock . that lay under Water, which troubled me ve- ry much for along Time-, and we being under a KecelTity of going often into the Water, I fuffer'd extrcsmly, and more than I had done lince our Departure from the Gulph of Mexico, ■: We arriv'd at ChUagon the 29th of March, and our fir ft Care was to go fcek what we had conce.il'd at cur former Voyage, having, as was there feid, bury'd our Lnggage and Provi- fions. MfoNOKin AMERICA. i79 iioDS. We found it had been open'd, and fome ^^^;^ Fars and Linen taken away, almoft all wliich he- i^^V^* long'd to me. This had been done by a French Man, whom M. Tonty had fent from the Fort, i during the Winter Scafon, to know whether there were any Canoes at Chicagon^ and whom he had directed to fee whether any Body had medled with what we had concealed, and he made Ufe of that Advice to rob us. The bad Weather oblig'd us to ftay in that Place, tin -^friY. That Time of Reft was advan- tageous for the Healing my Foot \ and there being but very little Game in that Place, we had Nothing but our Meal or Indian Wheat to feed on ; yet we difcover'd a Kind of Manna^ which was a great Help to us. It was a Sort of Trees, ^'^"1^1 refembiing oor Maple, in which we made Inci- -j^J^ lions, whence fiow'd a fweet Liquor, and in it we boird our Indian Wheat, which made it de- licious, fweet and of a very agreeable Relifli. There being no Sugar-Canes in that Country,' thofe Trees fupply'd that Liquor, which being boii'd up and evaporated, turn'd into a Kind of Sugar fomewhat brownift, but very good. In the Woods we found a Sort of Gar lick, not fo ftrong as ours, and fmall Onions very like ours in Tafte, and Tome Charyel of the fame Re- lilh as that we have, but different in the Leaf. The Weather being fomewhat mended, we imbark'd again and entered upon the Lake on the 5th of Afril^ keeping to the North Side to ibun the Iroquois. We had fome Storms alfo, Qaineto- and faw fweUing Waves like thofe of the Sea *, nanJ^vcr, but arriv'd fafe the isth at a River callM Qui^ »«fo«4», near a Village whence, the Inhabitants depart during the Winter Seafon, to go a Hunt- ing, and relide there all the Summer. N 1 The Hi! i i'l f x8o Mdfffieur de la Sal £*i Second Voyage 'Jpr, 1688 ffcw Wolves utchCoits Poufoua- tanni j!V4- Hurons 4»iOuta< houacs Nitions, The Sport is Dot there as in thofe Coantriea from whence we came; but on the Contrary, Very poor, and we found Nothing hot fome very lean Wild Goats, and even thofe very rarely, becaufe the Wolves, which arc very nu- meroos there, make great Havock of them, raking and devouring great Numbers after thi< Manner. When the Wolves Ifevc difcover'd a Herd of Wild Goats, they roufe and fet them a run- ning. The Wild Goats never fail to take to the firft Lake they meet with. The hunting Wolves, who are ufed to that, guard the Banks carefully, moving along the Edges of them* The poor Goats being pierc'd by the Cold of the Lake,erow Weary and fo get out,or elfe the Rivet fweiling forces them out with its Waves, qaite benumnrd«fo that they are eafily taken by their Enemies, who devour them. We frequent- ly faw thofe Wolves watching along the Side df the Lake, and kept off to avoid frightning them, to the End the Wild Goats might quit their Sanduary, that we might catch fome of them, as it fbmetimes fell out. . The 28th, "Tt arrivM among the Pouteuatan^ nisj which is half Way to /Mcilimatjuindy^ where wepurchas'd fome Indian Corn for the reft of our Voyage. We found no News there from Mwtreal^ and were forc'd to ft ay fome Time to wait an Opportunity to go down the River. No Man daring to venture, becaufe of the War with the Iroquois, There are fome Frtnch Men in that Place, and four Je/uits^ who have a Houfe weU builk with Timber, inclofbd with Stakes and PalifaW^ without Yery much Trouble, thofe People being downrigbc Libertines, and there are very ofcea none but a few Women in their Churchei. Thoie Fathers have each of them the Charge of inftrufting a Nation, and to that EfFed have tranflated the proper Prayers into the Language peculiar to each of them, as alfo all other Things relating to the CachoUck Faith and Re- ligion. They oflferM Father jindfiafus and Monfieur y«»«»^88 CavtUer a Room, which they accepted of, and we took up our Ledging in a little Hovel fome Travellers had made. There we continued the reft fiiMay and Part ofjune^ till after the Feaffc of Whitfmide. The Natives of the Country abottt,dl] the Land and fow Indian Corn, Me- lons and Gourds, but they do not thrive fo well as in the Country we came from. However tbey live oxi chem, and beOdes they have Fifii they catch in the Lake, tor Fleih is very fcarce among them. On the 4tfa oijutie^ there arrivM four Canoes, commaioded by Moelfieur dtForntuf^commg from Montreal^ and briogiiog ISIews from the Marques d* Htnn^mfilkf and Orders to (end to the Set- tiemencs which Were towards the Lake des Puans %ind ^tilers iii^ier up, towards the Source of the River Cdhtrt^ to know the Pofture and Condition of Affaifs. We prepared to be gone with the two Canoes. Moniieur Cavelier bought another, to carry our Baggage, and left Part «f his Furs with a Merchant, who gave him a Note to receive Money at Montreal. I did the iame with thofe few Furs 1 had, the reH; of them having been left at Mcilimaquinaj/i >V9 w ■'^'M' '■ *■' 'lit m "ffli and Hu- rons jprench Hiver* 182 Monfieur de la S a l e'^ Second Voya^ fuiy 1(^8 Wc took Leave of the Jtfuits^ and fet out in v/^V^ four Canoes, v/t. two belonging to Monfiear de Porrteuf^ and two to Monficur CaveUtr^ one of which had been brought from Fort i>i9f/, and the other bought, as I have jaft now faid, vre being twenty nine of us in thofe four Canoes. We rowM on till the 24th, when Monfieur de Pornevf left us to go to St. AUrf^ Fall, to carry the Orders given him. The 25th, we got Iflinois ouc of the Lake of the JJlittois^ to enter that of the Hwrons^ on the Banks whereof ftands the Village, caird Tejfalon^ where Monfieur de Ter^ neuf came again to us, with a Canoe of the Natives, and with him we held on our Way. Wc proceeded to Chebortany the 30th of 7«w, and the 3d of J«/y, entcrM the French River. where we were forc'd feveral Times to carry our Canoes to^ avoid the Falls and the rapid Streams, obferviog as we went a barren and dry Country, fiill of Rocks, on which there grew Cedars and Fir Trees, which take Root in the Clefts of thofe Rocks. The 5th, we entered npon the little Lake of gue Lake, Nificingue^ adjoiaing to a Nation of thai Name. We got out of it again and enter'd upon the great River, where, after having pafs'd the great Fall, we arrivM the latb, at the Point of Che Ifland of MoatrenL We landed at a Vil- JrrivaUt ^^8« ^^^^'^ '** ^^^*"ft wbich had belong'd to the Montreal late Monfr de la Sale, Monfr.dvr/Zer fet out the 14th, for Montreal^ where we came to him the 17th. At Montreal we found the Marques «P Htn* ftonville^ Moafieur dt Norey the Intendant and .V.,. ...; ; . . ,. .. .,..,; .. ,■ other Niplcin- ,F,%- w/^NORTH AMERICA. xS^ other 683 Gentlemen, to whom we gave an Account ^« of our long and painful Travels, with the Par- ^y>rs^. ticulars of what we had feen, which they lift- ned to with Satisia^ion, bat without mention- ing Moniieur di U Salens Death. We told them the Occafion of our goiug over into Fmnce^ and they approv'd of it, being of Opinion with us, that we ought^o liaften our Departure as much as poflible. We made us fome Cloaths, whereof we flood in Need. The Sieur Ttiffier^ who came along with us, and was of the Reformed Religion, knowing the Exercife of it was forbid in France^ a|)jur'd it in the great Church of Afoff treat. The 17th, we went aboard a Bark to go down ArHvaUt the River to Quebec^ where we arriv'd the 29tb, Qpeljec. Father Anaftafius carry'd us tc the Monaftery of the Fathers of his Order, feated half a League from the Town, on a little River, where we were moft kindly rccciv'd by the Fa- ther Guardian and the other Religious Men, whoexprefs'dinuchjoy to fee us, and we ftill more for being in a Place of Safety, after fo many Perils ^nd'Toils, for which we rcturn'd our humble Thanks to Almighty God, our Pro- teftor. We chofe rather to take up our Lodging there than in the Town, to avoid the Vifits and trooblctfome Qiieftions every one would / tie patting t^ us with much Importunity, which yve muft have been oblig'd to bear patiently. Moniieur C47;e/ier and his Mephew, whom we had left ztMontreaU arriv'd fome Days after tts, and were lodg'd in the 3en\iaary. . N4 We I I! .* 11 h $■:■ ¥. !|::' f'li '•M ill ^1 >m ill m 1 84 Monftitir dc ia S. a l e'/ ShowI VojAge Aug.\6%%. We ftayM in that MoDaftef7 tiH the nil of t-OTN^ Augufit whBtt we imbark'd «n a hr^ Boat, eighteen Perfons of tis^ to go down the RiYcr of St. Lduremt^ a Board a Ship, that was taking in and filhing of Cod. We went a Board it the 30th of the fame Month, and after hearing Maf?, made ready and fail'd for our dear Country, arriV'd ^zit zt Ro^eltt on Sttturdait the 9th of OEloher 16*^^^ whence, ftftting out by Land, the 15th, the fame Providence, wliich had proteded and cooduded us, brought us withcut any Misfortune to Rom^ the 7th o{ OSio* ^er, the fame Year, a y -> ; tv* ;« ,■ ! The End of the JOURNAL. ttaittti^ mtmtt ^h4. ■ .U. 7he Remamder of the L E T t E R, minett by him rvha revised this Journal, ' the other Part whereof is at the Beginning • of it J this being the Sequel to the fttd J OURN A V' Note, That tbefa txve rvrit of tbofe Txnsy but Ttone of this fxf' ticulxr Vojige, THREE feveral Authors have given an Account of this Voyage ^ Firft^ Father /ff Clerh^ upon the Relations be had from the Fathers Zenobius and Anafinfius^ Recolets, ^os lie washimfdf and both of themBye- WitnefTes : Sec&ndly^ The ChevaiMer Tontf^ who was dlib a Witnefs to a confidwable Part4:»f thofe Adven- tures : And, La^ly^ Father liemepwt a He*«- ■r V fV(» NORTH AMERICA. i8$ miitg^ of the famt Order of the Recokts, has dote it more largely, he feens to be weU ac- quainted with the Coantrf , and had a great Share in thofib rxiicoverksv but the Tradi of his ReHatioas hi much controverted. It was he who went to the Northwafrd, and towards the Source of the Miffifipi^^which be calls Mecha- fiphf and who printed, at Paris^ an Account of the Country «bout tlie River, giving it the Kanie of Louifiana, He^wghc to have ftopp'd there^ and not to hav« gone, as he did, into HoU^nd^xo kx. ioxXh another Bdition, verf much enlargM^and perhaps not lb triie,which he dedicated to WilUam the Third, Frince of Orange^ and 'afterwards King of Great BrU ^ tain. An A6tion tor a ReUgions Man no lefs ridiculous th«n extrava^nt, not to give k a worfe Name; for a!fter many :great aiod te<* dious £.ac6mtums given chat Pro^ant f rtnce, he exhorts and conjores hhim to turn liis Thoughts towards thrXe vail: Countries, as yet unknown, to conquer them and (end Colo- iiles thither^ to make known to tthofe Savage Natbns the ^true God and his Worihip^ and to preach ithe Gofpel. That good ii^Hgioos Mant whom many ha^ve falfly -thought, on Account of that Extravagancy, to have renounc'd bis Religion, did not coniider what hefaid, and confequently has fcandalir.'d the Catholicks, and furnkih'd the Hupnots with Matter of Laughtervfor is it Hkely,)tl?inc they beingtEneniies to the Rtman Chaxch^ iWDold ien^)loy Hecolets tOfgo preach up Po/)er|i,as they call lit m Canada f Or would they introduce any mother iReligion than their own? Can F^thsv ^B^nntpin be ex- c ufeablc in this Point ? f 11 ' . ! y. > ■f i. , 1 ir; ::t If m, 4 1 86 Monfieur de la Sal eV Second VojAge lii fine it appears, by all that has iKen wrii by thofe feveral Perfons concerning that En- terprize, that the Murder committed on tlie Perfon of Moniiear dt U Suit was the Occafion of its mifcarrying ; but that which ohftraded the malcing of fome ProyiHon in that Cafe was, the faid Marders being concealM for the Space of two Years, and that the SpAmards of Mtxicf having been inform'd of all the Affair* fent jw.de la ^gj,^ ^ho carry *d off the weak Garrifon Mon- Vitn h fi«ar -'^ ^f ^^ had left in the Fort built by tifSpaDi- him, near the Place of his Landing, before he ards. penetrated into the Country, to find out the Mijpfipi. They alfo entirely raz'd that Fort, fothat Seven or Eight Years elaps*d, till Moi- iieur ^e Jffihervilie^ a Gentleman of Csmada^ and a Perfbu of Capacity and Courage, famous for bis notable Exploits in Hudfon^% Bay and other Parts, reiblv'd to reafliime and revive that Pro- jeA. He came over into Fr4/fr« upon that De- ' iign, and made an Armament about the Year itfpS, fetout and fail'd to the Gulf of Mixico, M.deHr Being an able Seaman, he fearch'd along the ^^^J-L Coafk r« narrowly, that he found the Mouth ImS of that fatal Mijf^fifi and built a Fort on it, iiripi. leaving Men there, with a good Quantity of Ammunition and Proviftons, and returned to Frmtety intending to go back with a Reinforce- ment, as he did, and havifng penetrated far into the Country, difcover'd feveral Savage Nations, and join'd Friendihip and Alliance with them, as alio built another Fort, which he left well ftor'd with Men and NecefTaries, return'd into Sr4mc§ ; bat attempting a third Voyage, he dy'd bj the Way, and thus, for want of Relief and '■■ .r ■ , ., :' • . r ■,..■-■ -. M'",>\ • ,! ;U Sup- tages it ( ner, for t will folio the AfFd who istl portant Secretar Worth, prodigioi his Clofe table Vo ful. To tent, bei has gran Colonies Journal, Name oi hence foi rhe Gra feveral ters Pat( And without Ship to perhaps Brother JJelbte b Years af Educate being h Troop into NORTH AMERICA. 187 Support, that noble Enterprize mifcarry'd again. But God has row provided for it, and it is the Concern of Heaven, for if Frsncf is inte- refted on Account of the Temporal Advan- tages it experts, the Church is fo in like Man- ^ ner, for the Cotiverfion of the Indians it hopes will follow. Accordingly, Providence has taken the Affair in Hand, having raised the Man, who is the fitted: to revive and fupport fo im- portant a Projed. This is Monfieur Croxju^ Secretary to the King, a Man of fingular Worth, very Intelligent, Well-meaning, and prodigioufly Rich, who without going out of v his Clofet, has been the Occafion of many no- table Voyages by Sea, and all of them faccefs- fal. To him, his Majefty, by his Letters Pa- tent, bearing Date the 14th of Sifttmb, 1712. has granted the fole Power to trade and fettle JJ*;y "*' Colonies in the Countries defcrib'd in this pjj,, (^^i^. Journal, and which are known to us by themes and Name of Louifiana and the River Mijfififi^. from TViiff in hence forward to be caird the River of St. Ltwis, Louiliana; The Grant is made to him for 15 Years, under feveral Conditions meqtion'd in the faid Let- ters Patent, which have been made publick. And whereas fuch a Grant cannot fubfilb without Blacks, he is alfo allow'd to fend a Ship to Guinea to purchafe them. They may perhaps find there the famous Black Jiniaga^ Brother to a King of Guinea^ whom Captain Velhte brought over into France^ above Thirty Years ago. The King was pleas'd to have him Educated, Inftru&edand Baptiz'd, the Dauphin being hts Godfather^ then put him into his Troop of Mufquetiers, and afterwards made him f (I t iSr MoMfieurdchSki bV ABUcli hcd in France turm t9 tit Native Cu- Veracruz in New Spvio. SecMd Voyigi him a Captain in his own Regiment, wliere he fervM Honourably. Being deliroos to fee hit own Conntry again, where he promis'd to pro- mote the Frtnch Trade, and the ftttlin^ of Mif- fioneri, his Majefty loaded him with Pre- fents, and order'd a Ship to carry him back to CuintM \ but as foon as he was there, he no lon- ger remember'd he had been baptiz'd, and tarn'd again as perfed a Black, as he had been before. A Friend of mine, who was an Officer aboard a Ship, and hapned to be on that Coaft in the Year 1708, had two or three Intcrfiews with that Black, who came aboard him. He was a great Man in chat Country, for his Bro- ther was King. He exprefs'd much Gratitnde for the Kindnefs that had been ihewn him in Franct^ and was extraordinary Courteoas, and made great Oilers to thofe aboard the Ship, and to all fuch of the Nation as would go into CuintM. ' This NaTigation to Lmifiaiia wifl farther pro- cure OS a free Refort to the two famous Ports «f the Golf of Mixico^ viz.. The HavdHd and P^trderuz^ where Strangers did not a(e to be ad- mitted, and which we knew only by their l^ames and their Sitoation in our Maps. The latter of thofe Towns is the Port of iVfjp Spsitt^ at the Bottom of the Bay or Gulf, in 18 Degrees of North Latitude, Seated in a Sandy Plain, encompafs'd with Mountains ^ be- yond which there are Woods and Meadows, well Stock'4 wtdi Cattle and wild Fowl. The Air is very Hot, and not Healthy, when any AVinds blow, except the Nmh^ which rifes commonly once in Eight or Fifteen Days, and holds for the Space of Twenty Foor Hours, blowing uftf NORTH AMERICA. 1S9 blowing fo hard, th^t there is no going alhore from the Ships, and then the Cold is very piercing. When the Weather is clear there plainly appear, on the Road to Mtxieo^ two Motintains riling above the Clouds, and forty Leagoes diftant, all cover'd with Snow. The Streets of l^9mcruz are ftreighe as a Line ; the Htrofes are handfome and regular^ the For- tifications next the Land inconHderable, but the Front of the Town next the Sea forms a Semicircle, with a little Fort at each End. Direftly before that Front, a Quarter of a League out at Sea, there ^ands, on a Spot of Ground, inacccfllble, by Reafon of the Breaking of the Sea, a ftrong Citadel, well built and furnlfhed withaH NecelTaries, a good Garrifon and double Batteries of two hundred Pieces of brafs Cannon* Ships cannot anchor any where, but between that Citadel and the Town i, befides that, it requires feveral Pre- cautions, becaufe it is dilHcnlt coming to an Anchor* Molt of the Inhabitants are Mulattoes, that is of a t^ny dark Colour, who live moft upon Chocolate and Sweetmeats, extraordinary fober, and eating little Fleih.TheMen are haughty,the Women keep retired above Stairs, not to be fttn by Strangers, and feldom going abroad, and then in Coaches or Chairs, and thofe who cannot reach to it, coverM with fine nik Veils, which reach from the Crown of their Heads to their Feet, leaving only a fmall Opening on the Right Side, for them to fee their Way. In their own Apartments they wear nothing but a Smock and a iilk Petticoat, with gold or lilverLaces, witbont any Thing on their Heads, and I I. i ra ; r w U\ 190 Meiico Monjieur de la S A L E'i Second V&jAge i|nd their Hair platted with Ribbons, a gold Chain about their Keck, Bracelets of the fame and Pendants of Emeralds in their Ears. They could well enough like the Behaviour and Com- pany of the French, but that thb Jealous Tem- per of the Men obftruds tfiem. There being a Pid]bure of fhilif King oi Spain, now reigning* aboard the Ship in wnich my Friend was, 5|vho gave me this Account, the People fwarm'd a- board to fee it, they were never fatisfy'd with gazing at it, and there was a mod magnificent Feftival kept in the Town, on Account of the Birth of the Prince of ^Jiurtas, They underftahd Trade very well, but are (loathful and averfe to Labour, fond of State and Eafe. They wear great Strings of Beads about their Kecks, their Honfes are full oi Pic- tures and Images of Devotion, decently ftrrniih'd with Purceline and China Goods. .The Churches are magnificently adorned with Plate. All Strangers are forbid Trading there, yet fome come by Stealth and deal Underhand, by Means of Pref^nts made to fucb Per(bn^ as can favour them. If thofe Mulattoes call themfelves white,it is only to honour themfelves and by Way of Diltindion from their Slaves, who are all Blacks, and having got much Mony by their Labour, ranfome themfelves and fome- times become confiderable Merchants. The City oi Mexico, Capital of the Country and the Refidence, of the Vice-ro/, is about eighty Leagues diftant from Keracruz^ to the Wefbward, the Way to it very bad and ill furnifhM with Provifions. That Country would be better in fome Parts, were it well / • ^ ^ V cultivated cultivate little of < Corn an Cakes, Trees ai Countrie are Bufh among for tho' Leaves o Finger, thet, in itfelf is grows o Seeds lit is of a V is a Sot are fo f they bu carefnll) let Dy< into Et lour. 1 as in otl Sort of caird th teach t< what 1 1 yeracrui As f lefs fan: well as I toward! Side of of CMnc^ on this : iVf/ but ill fnrnifli'd. la the MidHr of ic is a fine Square, the Buildings about all uniform* The Churches arc magnifi- cent, and enrich'd with Gold and Silver, Lampst Candlelticks, and Ornaments for the Altars« There are fome Lamps curioufly wrought, which weigh two hundred Marks of Silver, e£)ch Mark being half a Pound. The Reve- nue of the Bifhoprick amounts to fifty thou- fand Crowns, and be who cnjoy'd it in the Year 1703* as I was tnform'd by my Friend, who gave me this Account of what he had feen, was the greateft Ornament of that City, for his Virtues and Charity, being fatisfy'd with Ke* ceflaries, and fpendiog all the refl: upon the Poor, and in repairing decay'd Churches. Tho' Strangers are prohibited to trade there, yet it is eafier carried on than HVeracrusi, The In- habitants are more familiar ; the Women have more Liberty, yec they do not go Abroad with- out their Veils to wrap and hide them* Many of them fpeak French^ and drefs after the french Fafhion, and Ibme of our Nation havA fettled tbemfetves there. When my Friend was there, a magnificent Feftival was celebrated for fif- teen Days fttccefllvely, in Hononr of K. Philip the Fifth, and Monfieur du Cage being then there, wltb bis Squadron, the City defir'd him to join with them. To that Purpofcy he fee ajQiore ; m hto NORTH AMERICA. 195 kthore five hundred Men, who performM the Martial Exercife in the i^reaC Square, which was mochadmirM. Tht Havana is the Place, where the Galeons meet. Providons are dear there, efpecially Bread ^ bat the Wine is not, tho* it is good. Filh and Flefli there are un- fa very. The Inhabitants are S/>4»Mrrf/. We have thonght fit to defcribe thofe two famous Ports of the Bay of Mexico^ as well be- caufe it has not been fo exa^ly done before, as in Regard that the Settlement which is going to be made in Louijiana^ may have fome. De- |)endance on tfiem \ for the Havana lying in the Way, thofe who perform the Voyage may hive the Conveniency of taking in Refrefhments there, of putting in for Shelter in foul Wea- ther, and of careening or refitting. As for the VtracYux^ tho' farther out of the Way, the Correfpondence there htay be advantagious for the Securing of the Colony of Louifiana, But how can that fail of fucceeding^ under the Conduct of Monlieur Crozjit^ who has the Charge of that Enterprize, and wlK>m Provi- dence feems to have in a Manner ingag'd to ad- vance in Wealth and Honour, to the Amaze-* ment of the World, and yet free from Envy, ttom Jealoufy, and from any Sort of Complaints. There is therefore no Reafon to preface other- wife than well of the Event of thif Affair \ the BlelEogs God has poiir'd down upon ail his former Undertakings^ feem to be a Security for what is to follow. There is Reafon to hope for ftill greater BleQlngs on this Projed of a Settlement in Lftufiana^ as being equally advan- tagious to Religioa and the State ^ for the pro- pagating of the Knowledge and Service of God O ; among i, Jl ^ i!w %i m m m 'i ■ >■ 'H I 196 Monfeur de la Sal j^s Second Vopge amoDg an infinite Namber of Savages, by Means of the MilTioners, who are to be fent to and maintain'd in thofe raft Countries ; the Plant* ing of the Faith in that new World, only the Name whereof is known to us, and tbe Reda- cing of it to be a Chriftian and ^Vrtnch l^rovincet under the Dominion of our Auguft Monarch, and to the eternal Memory of his Reign, win be the Confcqaences and the Fraiis of Monfieur Croi.cit\ Care and fixpence, the Glory of his Enterprize, the Security of the large Fortune he has made in this Life, and what is rarea- mong fuch rich Men, the Earned of much bet* ter in the Next. Heaven grant our Hopes and Wiflies may be anfwer'd. ■\-.r- Idm^ &C. '. ''f '*^- ,**^ *■• ^ Tfj(f Letters Patent granted by the KJfg IL We grant to the £aid Sleur Croz.at for Fifteen fuccefTive Years, to be reckoned from the Day of Inrolling thefe prefents, a Right and Power to trp'fport all Sorts of Goods and Merchandize from France into the faid Country of LouiJUna^ and to trafiick thither as he (hall think fit. We forbid ail and every Perfoa and Perfons, Company and Companies of what Qyality or Condition foever, and under any pretence whatever, to trade.thither, usidtr Penalty of Confiication of Goods, Ships, and other more fevere Ppnilhments, as Occafion Ihall require \ for this Purpofe we order our Governours and other Officers commanding oor Troops in the (kldCountry forcibly to abet, aid and aflift the Directors and Agents ofthe faid ^ieur CroTiOt, in. We permit him to fearch for, open and dig all Sorss of Mines, Veins and Minerals throughoul the whole Extent of the faid Coun- try oi Louifiana^ and to tranfport the Profits thereof into any Port oi France durioe the faid ' - ■ 3 Fif^ 199 !lii '\\\ m m m W' 111 if,i li 4 200 Monfteur de la S A l e'^ Second Voyage Fifteen Years j and wc grant iii Perpetuity f.o him, his Heirs, and others claiming andcr him or them, thr Property of, in and to^the Mines, Veins and Minerals which he (hall bring to bear, paying us, in Ucu of all Claim, the Fifth Part of the Gold "ind Silver which the faid Sieur Croz^at (hall caafe to be tranfported to Trance at his own Charges into what Port be pleafes, (oi which Fifth we will run the Rifqno of the Sea and of War,) and the Tenth Part of what Effe([\s he (hall draw from the other Mines, Veins and Minerals, which Tenth he iliall transfer and convey to our Magazines in the faid Country of Lomfiana. We llkewife permit him to fearch for precioos Stones and Pearls, paying iis the Fifth Part in the fame Manner as is mention'd for the Gold and Silver. We will that the faid Sieur Croz^Mt^ his Heirs, or thole claiming under him or them the perpe- i tual Right, (hall forfeit the Propriety of the faid Mines, Veins and Minerals, if thc;y difcontinue the Work during three Years, and that in fuch Cafe the faid Mines, Veins and / Minerals (hall be folly reonited to our Domaine, by Virtue of this prefent Article, without the Formality of any Procefs of Law, but only an Ordinance of Re-union from the Subdelegate ^ of the Intendanc of New France^ who (hall be in the faid Country, nor do we 'mean that the faid Penalty of Forfeiture in Default of work- / ing for three Years, be reputed a Comminatory Penalty. ^ IV. The faid Sieur CrozMt may vend all fuch Merchandize* Goods, Wares, Commodities, Arms, ceiTiry Proviiions for their Subliftance to be furni(h'd to him, or will pay him for them at the fame Price as is paid to the Pprveyor-Gene- ralof our Marine. He (hall be furthermore oblig'd to fend on Board each Ship, which be ihall caufe to fet out y for faid S try of Ex thatl Two into NORTH AMERICA- 20} for the fiid Coontry« Ten young Men or Wo- inen, at his own Elcdion. IX. We will caufe to be delirerM out of onr Mapazines to the faid Siear Cr0z,4f, 10000 Weight of Gunpowder every Year, which he (hall pay us for at the Pxice that it Ihall colb us, and this for fo long Time as the prefent Privilege fhatl laft. X. The Wares and Merchandize which the faid Sieur Croz.af ihall confign to the faid Conn- try of L0»i/M;i4 ihall be exempt from all Duties of Exportation, laid or to be laid* on Condition^ that his Dired^ors, Deputies or Clerks, ihall en-* gage to give within the Space of a Year« to be ^ reckou'd from the Date thereof, a Certificate of their Unlading in the faid Country of Lou-^ iJiMH4\ under Penalty, in Cafe of Contraven- tion, to pay the Qiiadrople of the Duties, re- ferving to our felves the Power of giving him a longjer Refpite in fuch Cafes and Occurrences as we ihall think proper. XI. And as for the Goods and Merchandize, which the Sieur Cfxjtt ihall caufe to be brought from the faid Country of LouifidfiM^ and up« on his Account, into the Ports of our Kingdom, and ihall afterwards caufe to be tranfported into Foreign Countries, they ihall pay no Du- ties either of Importation or Exportation, and ihall be depoiitedin the Cuftom-Houfe, Ware- houfes of Ports where they ihall arrive, until they be taken away ^ and when the Deputies and Clerks of the faid Sieur Croxjtt ihall be minded to caufe them to be tranfported in- Foreign Countries, either by Sea or Land, they ihall be oblig'd to give Security to bring within a certain Time, a Certificate from the iaft ''•:. 1 m %. 204 Monfieur de la S a l t^s Second Voyage laft OiHce, containing what they Exported ihere, and another Certificate of their aa- lading in Foreign Countries. X IT . In Cafe the faid Situr CroxA$ be obliged, for the furtherance of his Commerce to fetch from Foreign Countries fome Goods and Mer- chandize of Foreign Manufacture, in order to TR ANSPORT them into the faid Coun- try of LouipMnd, He [hall make Us Ac- quainted therewith, and lay before Us States thereof \ apon which we, if we think fir, will Grant him our Particular PermifTion with Ex- emptions from all Duties of Importation and Exportation, Provided the faid Goods and Merchandize be Depofited afterwards in our Cuftom-houfe Ware-houfes until they be Laden in the Ships of the faid Sitwr Croz.nt^ who fhall he obliged to bring in one Year, to be reckoned from the Day of the bate hereof, a Certificate of their unlading in the fiid Country of LouiJjOfiA^ under Penalty, in Cafe of Contra- vention, CO pay quadruple the Duties: Re- ferviog to our felves, in like Manner, the Li- berty of granting to the faid SUur Crox.at^ a a longer Refpite, if it be necelFary. XIII. The Feluccaesy Canoes, andotherVef- fels belonging to us* and which are in the faid Country oH LeuifiansJiiSL\\ ferve for loading, un- loading and tranfporting the Effects of the faid Siiur Crotaty who (hall be bound to keep them in good Condition, and after the Expiration of the faid Fifteen Years (ball reftore them, or a like Number of equal Bulk and Goodnefs, to our Governor in the faid Country. , ' XIV. if for the Cultures and Plantations which the faid Sieur Croz.at is minded to make ... , ; he 1 hto NORTH AMERICA. 205 he fiads it proper to have Blacks in the faid Country of the Louifi/tna^ he may fend a Ship every Year to trade for them dire^ly upon the Coafl: of GuintMf taking Permiflioo from the Guined Company fo to do, be may fell thofc Blacks^ to the Inhabitants of the Colony of LeuifiMfta ^ and we forbid all other Companies and Perfons whatfoever, under any Pretence whatfoever, to introduce Blacks or TrafHck for them in the faid Country, nor fliall the faid Siiur CrozMt carry any Blacks elfe where. XV. He Ihall not fend any Ships into the faid {Country of Louifgna but directly from Francij and he fliall Caufe the faid Ships to Re- turn thither again ; the whole under Pain of Confifcatioii and Forfieture ofthe Prefent Pri- viledge. XVI. THE faid Sieuy Crozat (ball be 0-* bliged, after the Expiration of the flrfl; nine Years of this Grant, to Pay the Officers and the Garrifon which (hall be in the fp«d Coantry During the Six laft Years ofthe Continuance of this Prefent Priviledge : The faid Sieur Croz.at may in that Time propofe and nominate the Officers, as Vacancies (hall fall, and fuch Of- ficers, (hall be Confirmed by us, if we approve of them. Given at FONTAINBLEAV the Fourteenth ^ Day of September in the Year of Grace 1712. And of Our Reign the 70th. ■' ' SIGNED LOVIS By the KING _ PHELIPEAVX\&c. Regifter'd at P >4 ^ / J ia the Parliiment, the Foot and Twentiejh of September, 1712. J I' I !■■■ n 1-' lililMhliMMttMiHiltl THE I N D E X- A. ACAneeA%Indun >facioo,theic Houlhold Stuff, Shape, C^r. p. 155. Accidents befallen the FecoUts 72 Account given by an IniUn 02 Adventure, a ftrange one :x;.J^iv^' .#1 88 96 M9 Cadodiquio Hiver ^ahaynebofA, Indtm NajUot Ct/iimer, or Pipe' Canoe portable C^xoffj (River of> Ctffpj Village Care of the Dea if among the 0. nois 175 Carpenter loft 5^ Cavelier (Monfr.) with his Com- pany, parts from the Murder- ers 131. Comet to a trench Ha- bitation 152 Cajmin Ifland i i Cents Hiver 103 Ctfiifiitheir Country defcrib'd 104 They meet the French in fo- lemn Manner 106, An Enter- tainment given by them 107 Their Moveables 109. Disfi- gure themfelves no. Their Manners, R.eligion« and Cere- monies i|2> Battle fought by them 127 Ccie- m CeremoD Pipe At the Ofdn Childret Cbonmen. Climate Control Conrpir ther CepAl Ti Corrientt Councr] Acco Crofs b Cro^tt ( lonie Cruel 1 Curren Cufton Dangei Dead, 140* Jjlim Differ* mao Difcon ring Difco^ Dolefi Ducki ■pnbm ;::fe 59. MU der bin Dwel INDEX. Ceremony of the CaJumet, or Pipe 146,155. Of rejoicingi 29 At the Reception of the Frevcb 137. Other Ceremonies 159 Of dreffing a Bullock 162. Children of the Jjlinois 179 CboHfttMSt IniUns 92 Climate of the Bay of St. ttviis 66 Controverfy about Priyilege 77 Conrpiracydifcover'cl 50. Ano* Cher to murder lA»deUS*h E. O^tflTree Corrientet Cape Country where Account of it 97 103 >3 they landed, 39. A fine one 50 15« Croft by a River Ooiat CM. de") only to plant Co. lonies in Z.9tf/)(M« 187 Cruel Trophies 128 Current! 17 Cuftom of Indian Womea 143 D. Dangerous Fruit ^4 Dea4, IndtM Ceremony to thtm 140. Care of them among the Jfiinois 1 74 Difference between the Com- manders 4,26,44 Difcontents occafion'd by M.Mo- ringet 97 DiCcoveries made 74 Doleful Entertainment 141 Ducking of Seamen 5 C'--j^idi£Ut returns from M. de U Stie ^^: 59. Endeavours to occaiion a ■ ^ Mutiny 73. Confpires to mur- der li/l,deU Sale 98. Murders him 99. Ufurps the Command 102. Is kiird by Heint 123 Dwelling of frr»fi ^f Encounter with Naeivei 71 Entertainment of the hiigm 134, i3«ii6o P. Falls of a River 169 Fa ft of Indisvs id} Fatigue of the Men 52 Figure of a pretended Moaftec FiniSierre Cape 4 F I fh, Pien ty of it taken 47 Fifh at the Bay of St. Lewnt 62 Flyiag Fiih 5 Fort built 45. Another 49. The firft abandoned f i. ThePoftnre of theSecond 5i,All reforCMic 53 French Men, fix kill'd by Che Jl». dians 59. Seven loft and foui^ defert 74. Two kiO*d 76* Three that had been loft beard of 94. One among the iMiiiOu 107. Encercain'd by the Na<' tives 11$. Some tum'd Sa« vageii7, 119. Six go to Che Wars with rhe Natives 12$ Some ftay with the Jndiau 139 Only feven fet out forGnMiiU ibid, Carry'd on the Backs of IndtM s 137 French River 182 Game of the Stick fj% Go3ts and fiuUocks found .a- (bore 2) Gros CMonfr. U)di\et^ and othera Habit of Indians NavanA Hebahsmo Indians fiiberviUe*% EzcedittOB tO Che Miffififi iSd Sitnf HI «4 1 t I N D E X. ifiens kilTl Puhdut ijt^. Seizo che EffeAs and gW^s vwhat he V pleafei to the teft 131 MijCpMioU Ifland 6 Jdoly Gboft Bay >9 Horfe purcha&*d of the Indians 91. Onefold for ao Ax 116 Jiottabxcbe River 163 Houfe built after the French Manner 151. Oefcripcion of it 154 Hunter dies with Cold <;8 ;£fiir0»f Nation 180, iSi> 182 Huti containing feveral Fami- lies X08 L ^dniftto, Iniim Nation 141 iffii\itf Cefemony of the Dead, 140 iHiian dies of eating raw Suee Indunt come aboard 21. Pre- rented and fcnt afhore 22. u f riendly Behaviour of fome 34. ^.i'Tbeir Camp 35. Their Enter* . i tainment 36. Affront gives .'i them 41. Their Revenge 42. >: Come to the Fort 48. Kill fix ; of the French 59. Some en- tertainM by M. de U Sale 80 One clad like a Spaniard 10$ Expeft P^efents 148. Some met with Azei 148 Inhumanity 128 Ittftrument for Tillage among the Cenit 109 Intrenching with Trees 8 1 ^ouie/fMonfr.) the Perfonthac writes this Journal I. Believes they were at the Mouth of the Miffifipi and ilip'd it 1 8. Com- mandsa Company 30. Isfav'd from being murder'd by a Friend 102. Sent (0 the Cents for Provifions 164. Meets a Freneb Man among the Indians 1 1 7* Hasan Indian Maid of. fw'[*d him for a Wife 118. He and others refolve to part from the Murderers i2c< Part from them 1 3 1. Profccuce the Jour- ney 149. Comes to a French Habitation 152, Continnes hia Journey 157. Arrives at Fort Lewis 167* Sets out for Cfffi- da, and returns again 170 Jfiinois River 16$ Ijlinois People met with 166 Theic Manners and Cuftoms, Women ) Children, Thieving, Boafting 173'. Care of the Dead 174. Game of the Stick, MariiageSjAdultery 175. More «of them 182 K. Retch taken by the Spaniards id Kind Indians i:;■-■■■" Sale . ^it'iiS*-.;'! *' t' ^'f^ lj-'illj^''*^^'*''^^''^''^ ' I N D E X. f.> Salt ibtindia fill 4S $Alt!t!icioo^ ah odd one 39 Stmmni Cape 7 SiCtl^meot, I/He Fort l>bips ch|e wep^ with MonTr. ie USiHe 3 j^aM&rero Iflao^ 7 ipgmtrdt,JHii. jIVejQ Accoqnc of them '9£. Tak^ Idonfc* if l« j4/0*s Fort 186 ^>Mf^ Veffel feea - 4($ ;>peechea made co the French Spring of Saltwater 163 i T Tabaceo 113 tr^eviag of the JJt,»9is 1 73 'JtiUage among cbe Cents 109 tMnriirnMViDage 159 Tmi (Monfr.) Miftake in bit Account of this Voyage 14 Gomes to For( lewis 1 76 i0rJNi4 Yinage 157 Tfls^j Ifland 8 tnpoifet 6| Tnde Wind 5 Travel continu^'d 178 TraveUerii be« ;bey li? *d 1 76 Tceei about St leawVi Bat 64 V ■ Variation 15 VenofflOdi Creatnies 63 V«r««nit in new Jj/j/s 1 88 Village abandon'd by /i»<(i4»« 82 Jinbabiced S6. Anocber 89 Wi War with the Iro^wU 1 7^ Watv<;r from a Tree flveet 1 79 Way from St. LemU*% Bay to find WayiTerybad 133 Wild Fowl plentiful 28, 39,82, ^ »44 Wild Fruit 164 Wild Swine 12 WoWei, bow they cat«h Goats iSo Womsn fow among the Cenis 82 « Oelcription of them lb. Do the Work at Home, their Behavi- » our and Habit iii. Cuflom of fofflei43. Their Orna* ments 143, Oo ail Labour a- mongthe/yifffw 173 Woodi Tery Thick 83 F I N 1 S^ iS-u yuAn VV c^t^t^^o^*-*- ^^-^^-— , • ' ." Oe^. )9i\fi. iimr p 188 Ua$t 82 t 89 176 it 179 y to nod 78 13] t, 29, 82, 144 164 12 i Goats 180 Cenis 82 '. Do the Behavi- Cuftoin ' Orna* itxjur a« 171 82