THE ritisfi Empire League. Offices at BOTOLPH HOUSE, EASTCHEAP, E.G. (C. FREEMAN MURRAY, Secretary). ^«%. epovt of 3t><^^ch L'Y fk RllpHT HON. JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P., ON WEDNESDAY, MARCH 25th, 1896. ^RlSf- Printed by kind permtssiun of tbe Author. 4lt^ mi |lte?;ibfnt : HXS GRACE THE DXJKE OF DEVONSHIRE. K.a Son. Ijxmslxxzx - THE RIGHT HON SIR JOHN LUBBOCK. Bart., M.P. Cl^airmuit oi €xecutil)C : SIR ROBERT G W. HERBERT, G.C.B. W. HERBERT DAW» F.S.I. 0» FREEMAN MURRAY. H J' »/. ^^3C^>^^* /^ MR. CHAMBERLAIN ON "A ZOLLVHREIN FOR THE EMPIRE;" TiiK recent speech of The Iviglit Hon. J. Cliiimherlain, M.P., to the Canada Chib, l)eini>' the leading ollicial pronouncement on one of the principal subjects specified in the Constitution of the liritish lOnipire League, the Executive Committee have thought it desirable to reprint for the use of the members an authentic report of this s})eech, witli Mr. ('hamberlain's sanction. They do not thereby commit the League to any present opinion on the important proposition set out by Mr. Chamberlain for general consideration : but as the members of the League are specially interested, and may not improbably take part, in the discussi(jn which it is desired to elicit, it ha.s appeared opportune to supply the speech in a convenient form to the League. . SPEECH BY THE RIGHT HON. JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P. Mli. CUAMiiKKLAlN. who on risin;^- to rt'spond to the toa^tof '*Tho (lovenior-tiouerai (iho Earl of Aberdeen) and the Douiiuion of Canada." was roctnvoil with prolouj^a^l cheers, salt! : — " Mr. President and (ientlemen, — I feel lioiiourod in lifiiiji' a-<:-iociuto«l in this toast with Dr. Montague, a meinber of the Ministry and of the PurHument of Caniula, and I hav<^ nuich pleasure in meeting so many representa- tives of that great Donunion. which, whethiir \\v have rocople. stands to-day first amou^ the i/roup of kindretl natiuui' which tojrether with the United Kin}r the common heritajre of all her sons, and is not the appana;,'e of the United Kinjfdom alone. (Cheers.) Xow. in the course of that debate many sj)eeches wen- made all to the same etfect, and the resolution was unanimously passed with acclamation. IMPBKIAL FEDERATIOiN. But a^-ain and aerience that the realization of our Lopes, if they arc in the direction of a federation of the Empire — their final tt rciili/ation — is a matior ot such vast ma;;nitu(k' and such uivat coui- l)lication that it cannot be undertaken at tlie present time. But it 'l(»es not follow that on that account we should i;ive up our aspira- tions. (Hear, hear.) It is only a proof that we must approach the ^•oal in a diflFerent way. that we must not try to do everythiuy all at once, that we must seek the line of least resistance. To create a new u'overnment for tlie British Emi»in — -a new government with larj^'-e l)(>wers of taxation and lejrislation over countries sei)arated by thousands of miles of sea, in conditions as various aw those which prevail in our several dependencies and colonies — that, indeed would hi- a duty from which the bolde^^t statesman mitjht shrink appalled. We may, however, approach this desirable (jonsnmmation l)y a process »f gradual development. (Hear, hear.) We may bear in mind the words of an ohl poet — that " No vast desiyn was ever snatched in haste; " 'Tis patience heaves it on." ( Cheers.) COMMON INTERESTS AND OMMGATIONS. We may endeavour to establish connnon interests and common ol)ligations. When we have done that it will be natural .that .»ome sort of representative authority should j^jrow up to deal with the interests and the oblij^'-ations we have created. What is the greatest of our common oblii:ations .' It is Imperial defence. What is the irreatest of our common interests .' It is Imperial trade. (Hear, hear.) And those two are vei'y closely connected. It is very difficult to see how you can ])retend to deal with the great question of Imijerial defence without having first dealt with the question of Imperial trade. Imperial defence is largely a matter of ways and means, and ways and means are dependent upon the fiscal and other commercial arrangements you may make; and, therefore, the conclusion to which I arrive is this — that if the people of this country and the people of the colonies mean what they have been saying, and if they intend to approach this (juestion of Imperial unity in a practical spirit, they must approach it on its gommerqial 4tle. ,, , ' ,,. ,.;.^! THE EXAMPLE OK THE GEKMAN EMPIRE, We have a great example before us in the creation of the German Empire, How was that brought about .' You all recollect that, in the first instance, it commencetl with the union of two of the States which now form that great Empire in a commercial ZoUverein. They attracted the other States gratlually — were joined by them for commercial purposes, A council, a Reichsrath, was formed to deal with thoso commercial (lUestioiH. (irailually in their discussion"* national objects an«l political interests were introtluceii. and so, from startinjf as it did on a purely commercial basis anal. at all events, in rejrard to its importance — which was passed at that conference, was in the followin-est them- selves, which in one part of the Empire or another are the subject of strictly revenue duties, and nii<,'ht. by common a^a-oement, be ex- cluded from any such arranyfement. But the principle which I claim must be accepted if we are to make any, even the slipfhtest, jjrojifress is that within the different parts of the Empire protection must disappear, and that the duties must be revenue duties, and not ])rotective duties in the sense of protectinj^- the products of one part of the Empire a;'ainst those of another part. It seems to m(^ that if that principle were adopted there would be reason for calling" a council of the Empire, callinji- .epresentativv's from the different States forminji' the Em])ire ; and althoujih the subject would be one of enormous difficulty and the jireatest com])lication, still, with the ••ood will that exists and the ultimate j^oal in view. I cannot but think that something like a satisfactory and a workable arranjjfement miyht be arrived at. (Cheers.) And although in such a case the ])rinciples of free trade would lose somethin^r in their appli- cation to the dealiujis between ourselves and foreign countries, advocates of free trade must remember how much they would yain by its extension to all the States which form the British Empire, States which are after all. whatever may be said of their present position, more likely to develop and incrc^ase in prosperity and popu- lation and wealth and power and commerce than any of the foreit^n States with which we have relations. OUR ULTIMATK OlUKCrf. Mr. President, I feel that I owe you some apoloj^y for dealing'- at such lenjfth with a subject which mi^ht be thought to be too serious for after-dinner oratory, but there is no doubt that we all feel that it is a subject of enormous imix)rtance. and I desire very much to call attention to it. I speak on this occasion for myself only. I want, not to lay down a course of policy which must be followed, but I want to provoke discussion — to provoke di8cus.sion in this country and to provoke discussion, above all, in the colonies ; and if the details of such a subject as this are prosaic, at all events the ultimate aim that we have in view appeals to our hij,^h(;8t senti- ments of patriotism. To orjranize an (nnpire — one may almost say to create an empire — trreater and more potent for peace and the civiliza- tion of the world than any that history has over knf>\vn (cheers)— that is a dream if you like, but a dream of which no man need be ashamwi. (Loud cheers.) We appreciate and we cordially respond 12 to the notes, the stirriiij^ notos. of loyalty and affection that have been evoked from our colonies when th(* threat mother country has appeared to be in dan<,''er. \\'e look forward with hope and with confidence to the development of those countries which are populated by our children and by our kinsmen, but these sentiments alone will never make an empire xinless they are confirmed by bonds of material interest, and we can only found Imperial unity \ipon a common weal. (Cheers.) And so, if you will j)ermit me, I will conclude in the words of a (■anadian ])oet who. addressing!' the st:itesmen of the Dominion, said : — " Unite the Emjiire — make it stand compact. '• Shoulder to shoulder let its members feel " The touch of British brotherhood ; and act •• As one ^^reat nation — stron;a and true as steel." (Loud cheers.) ..I » I'rlntod by A, Coi'i-uhkv & Co., Ltd., 0, KaBtchoap, London, K.O. TERMS OF MEMBERSHIP. 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