CIHM 
 Microfiche 
 Series 
 (l\/lonographs) 
 
 ICI\/IH 
 
 Collection de 
 microfiches 
 (monographies) 
 
 Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiq 
 
 ues 
 
 1QQA 
 
Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes techniques et bibiiographiques 
 
 The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original 
 copy available for filming. Features of this copy which 
 may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any 
 of the images in the reproduction, or which may 
 significantly change the usual method of filming, are 
 checked below. 
 
 D 
 D 
 
 Coloured covers/ 
 Couverture de couleur 
 
 Covers damaged/ 
 Couverture endommagee 
 
 I I Covers restored and/or laminated/ 
 
 n 
 
 a 
 
 
 n 
 
 n 
 
 Couverture restauree et/ou pellicula 
 
 Cover title missing/ 
 
 Le titre de couverture manque 
 
 Coloured maps/ 
 
 Cartes geographiques en couleur 
 
 Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ 
 Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) 
 
 Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ 
 Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur 
 
 Bound with other material/ 
 Relie avec d'autres documents 
 
 Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion 
 along interior margin/ 
 La reliure serree peut causer de I'ombre ou de la 
 distorsion ie long de la marge interieure 
 
 Bfank leaves added during restoration may appear 
 within the text. Whenever possible, these have 
 been omitted from filming/ 
 II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajoutto 
 lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, 
 mais, lorsque cela etait possible, cm pages n'ont 
 pas ete f ilmees. 
 
 Additional comments;/ 
 Commentaires supplementaires: 
 
 This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ 
 
 Ce document est f ilme au taux de reduction indique ci-de$sous. 
 
 L'institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il 
 lui a ete possible de se procurer. Les details de cet 
 exemplaire qui sont peut-£tre uniques du point de vue 
 bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une ima^ 
 reproduite. ou qui peuvent exiger une modification 
 dans la methode normale de f ilmage sont indiques 
 ci-dessous. 
 
 □ Coloured pages/ 
 Pages de couleur 
 
 □ Pages damaged/ 
 Pages endommagees 
 
 □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ 
 Pages restaurees et/ou pellicultes 
 
 Q Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ 
 Pages decolorees. tachetees cu piquees 
 
 □ Pages detached/ 
 Pages detachees 
 
 I 71 Showthrough/ 
 I V I Transparence 
 
 varies/ 
 inegale de I'impression 
 
 □ Quality of print van 
 Qualite inegale de I' 
 
 □ Continuous pagination/ 
 Pagination continue 
 
 □ Includes index (es)/ 
 Comprend un (des) index 
 
 Title on header taken from: / 
 Le titre de I'en-t^te provient: 
 
 □ Title page of issue 
 Page de titre de la 
 
 □ Caption of issue/ 
 Titre de depart de la 
 
 □ Masthead/ 
 Gener 
 
 livraison 
 
 livraison 
 
 ique (periodiques) de la livraison 
 
 :UA 
 
 
 
 
 'liX 
 
 
 
 
 18X 
 
 
 
 
 22X 
 
 
 26 X 
 
 
 
 
 inx 
 
 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J\ 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 ~ 
 
 
 
 
 ^**W 
 
 
 
 12X 
 
 
 
 
 16X 
 
 
 
 
 20X 
 
 
 
 24 X 
 
 
 L..^ 
 
 7f|y 
 
 
 
 ■MavM 
 
The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks 
 to the generosity of: 
 
 National Library of Canada 
 
 L'exemplaire film6 fut reproduit grdce d la 
 gdn^rositd de: 
 
 Bibliothdque nationale du Canada 
 
 The images appearing here are the best quality 
 possible considering the condition and legibility 
 of the original copy and in keeping with the 
 filming contract specifications. 
 
 Original copie.s in printed paper covers are filmed 
 beginning with the front cover and ending on 
 the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- 
 sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All 
 other original copies are filmed beginning on the 
 first page with a printed or illustrated impres- 
 sion, and ending on the last page with a printed 
 or illustrated impression. 
 
 The last recorded frame on each microfiche 
 shall contain the symbol —»> (meaning "CON- 
 TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), 
 whichever applies. 
 
 Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at 
 different reduction ratios. Those too large to be 
 entirely included in one exposure are filmed 
 beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to 
 right and top to bottom, as many frames as 
 required. The following diagrams illustrate the 
 method: 
 
 Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le 
 plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et 
 de la nettet6 de l'exemplaire film6, et en 
 conformity avec les conditions du contrat de 
 fiimage. 
 
 Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en 
 papier est imprim^e sont film6s en commenpant 
 par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la 
 dernidre page qui cumporte jne empreinte 
 d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second 
 plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires 
 originaux sont filmds en commengant par la 
 premidre page qui comporte une empreinte 
 d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par 
 la dernidre page qui comporte une telle 
 empreinte. 
 
 Un des symboles suivants epparaitra sur la 
 dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le 
 cas: le symbole — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE ", le 
 symbole V signifie "FIN". 
 
 Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre 
 filmds d des taux de reduction diffdrents. 
 Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre 
 reproduit en un seul clichd, il est filmd d partir 
 de Tangle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, 
 et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre 
 d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants 
 lllustrent la m^thode. 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 1 2 3 
 
 4 5 6 
 
MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TESY CHART 
 
 (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) 
 
 M4S 
 
 I" 
 
 2.8 
 
 3.2 
 
 iH i^ 
 
 ^ i^ 
 
 2.5 
 
 2.2 
 
 2£ 
 
 1.6 
 
 A APPLIED IKVIGE 
 
 1653 Eost Main Street 
 
 Rochester, Ne* York 14609 USA 
 
 (7161 482 - 0300 - Phon. 
 
 (716) 288- 5989 -Fax 
 
 ^ ' 
 
^ ^•i."!l."!u" w'^»l.^'>ii. « 
 
 THE WEEKLY WITNESS ; THE FAF<MERS' PAPER 
 
 C/5 
 
 THE 
 
 "MONTREAL WITNESS" 
 
 AGRICULTURAL LECTURES 
 
 BY 
 
 REV. W. F. CLARKE. 
 
 Jro. s. 
 
 MY FARM OF LINDENBANK: 
 
 Delivered hy the Rev. W. F. Clarke in Orient Hall, 
 Welland, Monday, November ISth, 1878. 
 
 montreal : 
 John Dougall & Son. 
 1878. - 
 
 ONLY $1.10 PER ANNUM IN ADVANCE 
 
 .C^ 
 
 i^Sjll 
 
 o 
 
 Additional ^^^:^^;^ Wur.^^ frk^rV^^^etiTstlr' ''''''' 
 how many copies are wanted for DISTRIBUTION. 
 

 -> ^ 
 
 ^'S 
 
 ^53 
 
 n 
 F 
 
 FOB 18(r©o 
 
 Wo have to note little progress during Iho 
 past year, as wUl appear from the follcwing 
 ««"-- Sept., ISTP. Rep,, 1877. 
 
 Daily Witness 14,^80 i,5,000 
 
 Weekly Witness. . . . 26,300 23,'/50O 
 
 NoETHEEN Messenoee 4C,400 47'.'J00 
 
 ^'^^°K» 850 'sOO 
 
 80,1.30 80,800 
 Better times are, however, dawning for thr 
 country, and we look for growth in propor- 
 tion. Wo ask for the help of all lovers oi 
 wholesome literature in brin.iring about such 
 growth. The Weekly Wipness has now been 
 at work for thirty-two years, through good 
 report and through evil report. The Daily 
 Witness has been in oporaiion eighteen 
 years ; and the Noetiieen Messenoek thir- 
 teen years ; the Aueoee thirteen years, al- 
 though only one under the present publishers. 
 
 The advertifing business has not grown with 
 rapid strices as in former years, and the year 
 has been one of necessary economy and qaitt. 
 The year has been uneventful. The principal 
 matter of note in connection with the history of 
 aur publications has been the receipt from the 
 Committee of the Witness Testimonial Fond 
 af a considerable sum of money towards the pur- 
 chase of our great eight-cylinder press, which is 
 being duly inscribed in memory of so importaut 
 and interesting %-q. event. The most important 
 announcement we have to make for the cominj,' 
 season is to be found below. 
 
 WITNESS LECTURES ON AGRICUL- 
 TURE. 
 
 The publishers of the Witness have of late 
 been strongly impressed with the idea that 
 Canada has reached that stage in her agricultu- 
 ral development when the country is ripe for very 
 considerable improvements in her farming cus- 
 toms. Our best farmers have come to realize 
 that the culture which has served in the past will 
 not serve in the future. Agricultural science - 
 the application of mind to matter— is what is 
 needed. Agricultural colleges are abundant in 
 many parts of Europe, and in countries of which 
 wo know almost nothing a large proportion of 
 
 6 
 
 the larmrin uSVr bavi thofuuyh scicutluo train- 
 ing, and expensive works and journals are found 
 in nearly every farm-house. The next genera- 
 tion of Canadian farmers must be of this class. 
 
 1 1 
 
 Those who cannot attain to education will fall 
 behind in the race. The great majority may 
 easily be educated farmers if they chooge. 
 There is already one agricultural college in each 
 province. If they were properly appreciated 
 there would be one in each county. 
 
 The publishers of tho Witness have during 
 the past few weeks been made tho recipients of » 
 munificent dotation from the people of Canada, 
 and have conceived the plan of making some re- 
 turn to the country by the establishment of a 
 winter course of 
 
 " witness" free lectures on AGRICnLTURr, 
 
 with the object of enlisting the zeal of in- 
 telligent farmers in the diffusion of agricul- 
 tural knowledge among their fellow-agricultur- 
 ists. To that end they are fortunate in having 
 secured the services of the most popular and 
 best known agricultural writer and speaker in 
 Canada, 
 
 MB. W F. CLARKE, OP LINDENBANK, OUELPH, 
 
 formcr'.y editor of the Canada Farmir and of 
 the Ontario Farmer, who will lecture be- 
 ginning about October first, in such parts 
 of the country as may offer him the best 
 openings. We should be t^lad if it were pos- 
 sible to cover tho whole country "with such a 
 course, but ps concentration is necessary to ef- 
 ficiency, he will probably work out from two or 
 three centres in Quebec and Ontario, trying to 
 leave behind him wherever he goes some perma- 
 nent result in the sbapj of organization for 
 mutual improvement among the fu-mers in the 
 various localities h-i may visit. All who would 
 like to have such lectures deUvered ia their 
 neighborhoods are requested to write at once to 
 tho undersigaed.when tlie possibility of fulfilling 
 the request.will bo immediately considered. 
 
 We would not have it thought that this plan 
 is intended tj be a diversion of the generous gift 
 of the subscribers to the Testimonial Fund from 
 its original intent of establishing the Witness 
 enterprise, as we are in the hope that Mr. 
 Clarke's tour will not iu the long run prove a loss 
 t J the Witness, but that on the contrary it will 
 do much to establish the paper as the farmer's 
 paper throughout the Dominion. 
 
 We shall expect our friends who invite the 
 visit of the Witness lecturer to make the neces- 
 sary local arrangements in the way of hall or 
 
 ' i"«Siiu >^-.uiuia^-, ura ana iignts, wliiuh we 
 
 are quite sure they will do very cheerfully. 
 John Douoall & Son, 
 MontreaL 
 
■♦ 
 
 National Library 
 o< Canada 
 
 Bibliolh6que nationale 
 du Canada 
 
 MY FARM Or_LTNI)ENI]ANK. 
 
 A WITNESS LECTURE DELIVERED BY THE REV. W. F. CLARKE IN THE 
 
 ORIENT HALL, WELLAND. 
 
 On Monday evening, November ISth, the Rev. 
 W. F. Clarke dnlivered a lecture on agriculture, 
 giviuff it the above title. Tliero was a good 
 attendance, Mr. Clarke's well-known ability 
 B8 a lecturer being appr-ciattd in this locality. 
 The chair was occupied by J. H Price, E,-<q. 
 Among the audience wore "-lieriff Hobson, I. P 
 Willson, Esq., J. >:. Dunn, Enq., L. D. Ray. 
 mond, Esq., Fred VauNormau, Esq., D. Me- 
 Evviug, Esq , Revs. Morton and McEwon, R. 
 Morwood, E^q., J. G. Currie, Esq., of St. 
 Catharines, aud other prominent gentlemen 
 resident in this vicinity. 
 
 This lecture is one of a series which are be- 
 ing given by the rev. lecturer under the auspices 
 of the Montreal WnNES3,they in the interest of 
 agri julture obtaining Mr. Clarke's services for 
 a course of lecturing over the whole country. 
 The rev. gentleman has given three lectures 
 in this neighborhood already. One we have 
 already reported, and he has given two others 
 one at Pelham and the other at Crowland 
 These lectures have all been well attended 
 considering the difficulties in the shape of bad 
 roads and weather, and the one last Mon- 
 day was fittingly termed the crowning of the 
 lecturing edifice. We very heartily accord 
 our meed of praise to the rev. lecturer for his 
 interesting course of lectures in this locality, 
 and are sure that the benefit the farming 
 community will receive from them will be very 
 considerable. 
 
 The lecturer on Monday evening was lis- 
 tened to with marked attention throughout, 
 and received well-merited applause. 
 
 On motion of I. P. Willson, Esq., it was 
 resolved that a vote of thanks be tendered to 
 the proprietors of the Witness for their enter- 
 prise in inaugurating this course of lectures. 
 
 At the conclusion of the lecture, it was 
 
 ^ Moved by Rev. Mr. Morton, seconded by F. 
 
 Van 2so; Tiiin, Esq., that a vote of thanks be 
 
 given tf. Kie lecturer for his very interesting 
 
 and abl J.oture. i 
 
 A vote of thanks to the chairman closed the 
 proceedings. 
 
 Mr. Clarke, on comingforward, was received 
 with cheers, and said : 
 
 A state of health requiring avoidance of 
 hard study and mental excitement, also ren- 
 dering an out-door life necessary, led to my 
 purchasing a farm. This had long been a 
 cherished purpose, butit.° fulfillment was dated 
 in the far future, and it was a disappointment 
 in one sense to be compelled to carry it out 
 so soon. There were unfulfilled ambitions, un- 
 realized ideals, unblossomed hopes, and unac- 
 complished plans, all of which were brushed 
 aside like so many cobwebs, by this unlooked- 
 for sweep of fate's resistless besom. " Man 
 proposes, but God di.sposes." Our part is to 
 accept the inevitable- and meekly say • " It is 
 well '" 
 
 BUYING A PAEK. 
 
 The intending purchaser of a farm should 
 make up his mind what he wants, and then 
 look out until he finds it. He should aim not 
 only at making a living but a home. To 
 make a home, he must have what accords with 
 his tastes and preferences. These differ, and 
 it is well they do. " »\Iany men, many minds." 
 The world is large and varied e- i;rh to suit 
 all. Now, while I know well e... >, <h that a 
 clay farm is the strongest, the best adapted to 
 wheat culture, and possessed of many great 
 advantages, I have an unconquerable dislike 
 of such a farm. There is no difficulty in mus- 
 tering logic and facts to prove the superiority 
 of "strong clay" over every other description 
 of soil. But it would be a ceaseless annoyance 
 to be obliged to argufy daily in opposition to 
 taste and preference. I like a nice loam. 
 Spite of all its advantages clay is provoking. 
 In moist weather you cannot step outside the 
 house without stickintr fnst in the tsi5.°.r.jni^s 
 mud. You can only work such a soil when it 
 is in the right \ lor. Drought bakes it into 
 solid brick, andorajks it into yawningfissures. 
 
My Farm or Lindenrank. 
 
 A Hght loam never got» muddy oxcopt at the 
 breaking up of winter. You can go out upon 
 it comfortably all the year beoide. You can 
 work it whenever you pleawe, if the front is 
 out of it. I am not blind to its wcuknosseB 
 and defects. Theoretically, I believe in clay ; 
 practically, I believe in loam. 
 
 A high and dry location for the dwelling- 
 houHe and farm buildings, a bit of bush, some 
 good pasture land, a nice trout creek, pleasant 
 Btretohes of landscape, a fine smooth public 
 road in front, and proximity to a town, wore 
 other prime conditions I sought to fulfill in my 
 farm. 
 
 I found all this within two miles of Guelph, 
 in one of the best agricultural districts of 
 Ontario, noted for first-class stock, and a 
 superior style of farming. "Such a place 
 must have been costly," some one is moved 
 to remark. Not very. And hereon hangs a 
 tale with a moral ' i it. Through sheer 
 neglect and a " pennv wise, pound foolish" 
 policy on the part of the former owners, it 
 was bought for much less than its intrinsic 
 value. There are ninety-four acres of land, 
 worth, without " improvements," as we are 
 accustomed to call buildings, fences and 
 orchard, fifty dollars per acre, which went a- 
 begging for a purchaser several years at 
 $5,000. The price was reduced to $4,700, and 
 still the place would not sell. I got the offer 
 of it for $4,000, and was not long in deciding 
 to accept. It was no sheriffs' s or forced sale. 
 The last owner was a man in comfortable cir- 
 cumstances, by no means pressed to make dis- 
 posal of the property, but the place had been 
 rented for several years, and was growing no 
 better very fast. 
 
 A CHEAP PUECHASE. 
 
 Now for the explanation of its cheapness. 
 What should have been "improvements" to 
 the property were, in reaUty, detriments. 
 The dwelling-house, an old weather-beaten, 
 two-story, bam-looking structure ; barns, 
 out-buildings, front' fence, and lane out of 
 order, neglected, and forlorn -looking ; an 
 orchard next the public road bearing signs of 
 premature age and decay ; a gravel-pit yawn- 
 ing conspicuously at the front, and an old mill- 
 pond full of stumps, not far from the gravel- 
 pit. The average farmer professes to care 
 nothing about " looks," but the unsightliness 
 of this place depreciated its value and killed 
 its sale. 
 
 The old house is a far better frame than is 
 ever put up in these days of scarce timber and 
 high-priced lumber. It stands on massive 
 sills built into a stone foundation, and though 
 it was erected forty years ago, is as firm and 
 Bound as ever. A. new roof projecting two 
 feet all round ; new windows throughout, one 
 of them a capacious bay ; the outside felted 
 and re-sided; anew kitchen 13 x 18 in the 
 rear, made this dwelling, exteriorly, neat, 
 handsome, and as good as new. Five hundred 
 dollars did all this, including painting the 
 outside, and both painting and papering such 
 of the rooms as needed these improvements. 
 
 Then thoro was a better dwelling than could 
 bo built even in these cheap times for $1/jOO. 
 There wan a large old-stjle barn to match the 
 house, also on stone foundation, all sound but 
 a single post, which had sunk down a few 
 inches, giving a dilapidated look to the whole 
 structure. Adjoining the barn is a stone 
 basement cattle stable, with room for fourteen 
 hoad ; over it is a hay-loft the whole f xtent, 
 and at one end a large turnip cellar of stone. 
 There is also a frost-proof potato cellar, 
 roomy enough to contain 2,000 bushels, with 
 an implement house above. A stable with 
 stalls for four horses, sheep-shed, pig-pong, 
 waggon-house, etc., make up the comple- 
 ment of out-buildings. One hundred dollars 
 spent about the barn-yard made a great revo- 
 lution in its appearance and comfort ; it is a 
 low estimate to say that $3,000 would not 
 furnish tho amount of accommodation to bo 
 found in these buildings. If the $000 above 
 mentioned had been spent on the place three 
 or four years ago, and some neatness and 
 taste exercised in laying out and planting thf^ 
 front grounds, there can be little doubt that 
 it would have brought $0,000 more easily than 
 it brought $4,000. The late owner has 
 the reputation of being a careful, thrifty man, 
 by no means blind to the value of money, and 
 is, moreover, a person of superior education, 
 such as few farmers can lay claim to. Now, 
 why did he not lay out $600 three years ago 
 and sell for $6,000 instead of $4,000? For 
 the same reason that so many farmers all over 
 the country cheat themselve's by a mistaken 
 economy and short-sighted niggardliness about 
 spending money to improve the " looks " of 
 their places. They think more of the useful 
 than the beautiful, and even plume themselves 
 upon this as a meritorious thing. They pinch 
 every cent of interest they can collect, and are 
 afraid to spend capital, though in the end it 
 would increase both principal and interest. 
 
 Furthermore, on this place there was an old 
 saw-mill in full-working order, but both logs 
 and water had become scarce, and so the mill 
 was like a certain church concerning which a 
 traveller enquired of a native what church 
 that was. The reply was, " She was built for 
 a Baptist, but they don't run her." The pond 
 that supplied water-power to this old mill 
 covered about three acres of land, and there 
 was another acre, besides a wide lane from 
 the public road appropriated to logs and the 
 passage of teams. The land covered by the 
 mill-pond would make a splendid meadow, 
 with the water run off, and the log- yard a 
 valuable addition to the adjacent field. Here 
 were, say, four acres of the best land on the 
 farm not only wasted, and the pond, almost 
 useless for its original purpose, was a source of 
 annoyance and malaria in the summer, when 
 the water became low. Th3 mill on a stone 
 foundation, 20 x 40 could be transformed into 
 a dairy or some other useful farm institution, 
 aud the dell in which it stands made a very 
 pretty piece of pleasure ground. The stream 
 runs through the centre of the farm, supply- 
 ing nearly every field with water. It is one of 
 
My Farm op Lindenbank. 
 
 tho original trout brooks, tliat once toomed 
 with spcoklod beautieM, and might ouxily be 
 re-Hto(!ked with a finny population. A natural 
 graaing farm, there in uo reason why it should 
 not yield " fish, ftesh and fowl," together with 
 a modicum of tho '<Ntatf of life," aH well aa a 
 supply of Homo of its luxuries. 
 
 There are many neglected plaoes in various 
 parts of the country that may be bought for 
 '' an old song," and converted into productive 
 farms and pleasant homes, under the guidance 
 of a little taste and common sense. Many look 
 upon architecture and decoration very much 
 as they do upon tho forms of fa.ihionable and 
 court life. They are well enough for the rich 
 and great, but uusuited to tho common people. 
 Yet, as true politeness is a thing of the heart, 
 and a part of the character, it is to a certain 
 extent independent of particular forms. 80 in 
 arcliiteoture there is a sense of beauty and of 
 fitness quite apart from the mere display of 
 what wealth can do. The ohoapest, humblest 
 atructuro can bo built either in defiance of good 
 taste or in conformity with it. In other words, 
 it can be made either ugly or pretty at wilt. 
 If ugliness be its charaoterisao, it will repel 
 and cause painful sensations. If it be pretty, 
 it will excite pleasurable feelings, for " a thing 
 of beauty is a joy forever." 
 
 TASTEFUL COUNTEY HOMES. 
 
 How the entire face of the cauntry would 
 be improved if, instead of unsightly structures, 
 beautiful ones were erected in every case ! 
 The ready objection is the cost of adornment! 
 But often this does not apply. There is beauty 
 of outline that does not involve extra cost 
 over and above plainness or ugliness of out- 
 line. And if it should cost a little more to 
 make a place look beautiful, it is worth the 
 outlay for two reasons. 
 
 1. The pleasure it yields. Every survey of 
 it awakens a feeling of gratification. Nor is 
 this a mere passing emotion. It enters large- 
 ly into the creation of that love of home which 
 it is very desirable should take a deep, strong 
 hold of every human heart. We spend freely 
 for pleasure in other ways— for pleasure that 
 18 brief and transient — why not spend in this 
 direction for a lasting pleasure, and one that 
 tells on love of home. 
 
 2. The value thus added to property, 
 beautiful place will sell for more than an n- 
 sightly one, even though the accommodation 
 be the same. It is worth more. Tcere is a 
 felt, acknowledged value about this kind of 
 thing. It has an appreciable, solid element of 
 worth in it — an actual marketable value. 
 Therefore the cost of it is money invested, not 
 money thrown away. 
 
 Much may be done by way of improving un- 
 sightly buildings. A little alteration, re- 
 arrangement of fences, painting or white- 
 washing, tree-planting and, what is very 
 ■easilj duue, covering iil-iookiug structures 
 with climbing plants, are methods of doing 
 this. Some of these methods cost very little. 
 A root of clematis transplanted from the 
 
 woods, a climbing rose, kindly bestowed by a 
 friend, a grape vine, pri('.. twenty.ftve cents, 
 are examples of cheap and easy ornamenta- 
 tion. A porch, or Ter.iiidah, a bit of trellis 
 work, a rustic arbor, a neat fence, a pretty 
 gate, are also examples of iiiK.ther class, it 
 m a mistake to 8uppos3 that nothing can be 
 d»mo without groat outlay ; and it it also a 
 mistake to grudge all expenditure for the 
 beautiful. I counsel no extravagant omamen- 
 tation, but greatly desire to pee a love of the 
 beautiful more generally cultivated. It will 
 stir up the spirit of improvement, and l.;ad to 
 constant endeavor in the way of multiplying 
 the conveniences and comforts of life. 
 
 Country housos especially need the hand of 
 taste about them. They are not hidden and 
 protected from view as are many buildings 
 none too good-looking in cloiely-built towns 
 and cities. They are exposed to the full view 
 of all pasHors-by. This is a strong reason why 
 they should be made pleasing to the eye. 
 There is also this consideration, that dwellers 
 in the country cannot turn away from their 
 own unattractive-looking structures to those 
 of a more gratifying character, as people who 
 live in towns and cities can do. They largely 
 make their own world, and aro left in the main 
 to their own resources. Hence the importance 
 of devising ways and means to render their 
 surroundings cheerful and lovely, so that life 
 in the midst of them shall not bo devoid of 
 charms. 
 
 KAHINO FAKKS. 
 
 I am in favor of naming farms. It con- 
 nects pleasant associations with them. There 
 is likely to be more of the home feeling on the 
 part of tne family if the place has a nice 
 name, instead of being simpl'- known as lot 
 number—, in concession—. If the farm be- 
 comoa noted for a particular product, or breed 
 of animals, a distinctive reputation is more 
 easily established. There is a grander sense 
 of proprietorship when a place is named. Be- 
 fc)re, it was only a lot ; now, il is a domain, 
 i rom being a mere farm, it rises to the rank 
 of an estate. My farm was originally caUed 
 "Forest Hill." But this name was "filched 
 pway from it some time durifg its period of 
 tenancy, and given to the adjacent farm. I 
 am not sorry for this. "Forest Hill" may 
 have been appropriate once, but it would be 
 a misnomer now. The hill is covered with an 
 orchard in a state of decay, and in the hands 
 of its proprietor will be crowned into lawn, 
 shrubbery and gravel drives. Having no 
 name, the question early arose what to call it. 
 Now this was perplexing. Grand names pre- 
 sented themselves, but modesty should have 
 some voice even in the naming of a farm 
 Names redolent of "high farming" were also 
 rejected, lest the outcome should bs lesa 
 brilliant than the inception. Sentimental 
 names might grow dista'iteful when the fit of 
 feeling that dictated them had passed away. 
 At last I settled down on 
 
My Farm oi. LiNnr.NnANK. 
 
 "MNRENnANK." 
 
 Tho following ri'tiooiiH (hcided my clioico : 
 1. Till. pliicK is II bHiik, or HtricH of bnulu, a 
 bt'iiutiful br«>.,k moHiifliriuK thronKh it, uiid 
 thu river Sped nkir mg tho rear. 2. Tliu 
 Jiuilcn iM a iirediimiii iiiuff tree on the pliioi-. 
 ThtTo arc nomo lnvi I v elumjjH on tho front 
 fomiing (juito a. feali, Morcov. r, thJM in 
 next to tlio niaplp, p.i impn thu liuest of tho 
 native Hhado-trttH. It ih u fuvjrite of niiuo. 
 Fiuiilly, it hHH tho morit of iiso, an well hh 
 bounty. It l)I(.(«.Honi« are, nnxt to the whitt^ 
 clover, tho hint honey bloNNoniH we liavo. ,'5. 
 A thiid reaHon htis u dawh of Montimcnt in it, 
 perhapM. The well-known line of pnotry, 
 
 " Oil Lliiiloii, wbiii tlip Hun w.n low," 
 BaggenlH the porioil at which my propiintorfhip 
 oommeuofd, tho mm ot lifo beiuff on tho den- 
 cent in tho wtBteru heaven*. 1 reoonmieud 
 my brother farmerM to name their plnije», and 
 to do HO on some priueiplo that udniitH of beiu^^ 
 explained and jurttiftod. Then tlie name will 
 wear and oontiuuo to be satiifuotory. 
 
 When B,n aKrioultiiral editor betaken himself 
 to prai;tii!al funning, he beconjett a " Bhiuiug 
 mark " for the nhaltH of critioism. It is one 
 thing to farm on paper, and quite another 
 thing to farm on the laud itself. He u pretty 
 8ure to be well watohed to see if his preachiug 
 and prautice harmoui/e. 
 
 Fully aware of thiN, I was not surprised 
 when a Scotch farmer, driving by hh I wan 
 surveying the front of my doiutia with an eye 
 to fence improvement, pulled up hi» horses, 
 and entered into the following colloquy : 
 '• You've bote oot this place, I hear P" '-Yes." 
 " Gaa to farm it yersel' Y" "Yes." "Ye're aue 
 o' ther scienteeflo men ;" rath a sort of sneer; 
 " ye eedii.id the Caiiadia', Farmer lang syne C" 
 "Yes." " Weel, we'll see what ye mak o't 
 
 evidently with tho idea that 1 should not make 
 much of it. In like manner, a thorough farmer 
 of the old English school stopped and en- 
 quired, " Will this be a model or an experi- 
 mental farm, now you've got it?" "It will 
 certainly be an experimental farm," I replied, 
 " and I shall try hard to make it a model one.' 
 " I give yon two yeais to be sick of it," ex- 
 claimed a third, who belnngs to the class of 
 "ne'er-do-well," slipshod farmers, who are 
 always complaining of their business. 
 
 My farm having been rented for a number 
 of years, was ana is yet, in a somewhat im- 
 poverished conditi.m. It was not reduced so 
 low as many in like circumstances; owing to 
 tho vigilance of the landlord, who bound his 
 tenants to sell no straw off the place, and to 
 grow each year ten acres of roots. He reserved 
 a room in the house,and having leisure, owing 
 to his retirement from practical farming, de- 
 voted considerable time to the oversight of 
 the place, in order to secure fulfilment of the 
 conditions of the lease. Nevertheless, it was in 
 Buoh a state as to force an earnest considera- 
 tion of the question, 
 
 HOW TO BNEICH POOB LAND. 
 
 The most effectual way of doing this, no 
 
 doubt, is to put plenty of manure into It. Rut 
 this is very much like repUinir to theipie^tion, 
 "how to enrich a poor Hian," by saving " )<ivo 
 him plenty of money." Where the miiiinre in 
 to <!(aiit) from in the one case, and the eaMJi iu 
 the other, is the very '■"..cfi of tho ditHiiilty. 
 If there WHM a m' .ntain of miiuiiro cImh*- to 
 every poor farm, ho that you could haul it ou 
 at the rate of fifty loads to the tvro, as niiirket 
 gardenirs do on small plots of ground, tho 
 case would hw greatly siiiip'ifiri). Hut there are 
 few lOO-aeri) .arms that yield more than aloud 
 of manure to tho acre annually. The farmer » ho 
 can dress a tcu-ucre field every year with ten 
 h>ads of manure to the acre "iti'doinir pretty 
 well, acfMiriling t(j the current idea."!. It will 
 take snme stock and no little care to do this 
 year in and year out. No doubt with extreme 
 economy of all fertilizing materi'il, more 'han 
 this miKht bo done on every hundred-acre 
 t'srm. But wo have no fiieilities for ninking- 
 and savinir manure to advantage. Probably 
 Hfty per f^ent. of it goes to waste in one way 
 or another. This great leakage ought to be 
 stopped. Everything that tau be converted 
 into plant food should bo scraped up and 
 hoarded with rigorous care. But supposing- 
 this tob'e dojie, it will only go a shn t way 
 toward enric^hing a poor farm. A system of 
 tillage mu-t bo pursued that will have an up- 
 ward and improving tendenijy. 
 
 The first point to Ihj aimed at into get a largo 
 area of land into grass and clover. Less 
 grain must be raised atd moiv grass. If laud 
 will grow clover there is a dinct road to en- 
 richment, for clover will both yield a crop and 
 furnish manure. The aftermath of clover 
 plowed under the second year is equal in 
 manurial value to ten loads of mHnuio i)er 
 acre. This great agr;cultural fact has been 
 demonstrated by chemistry, and ought to bo 
 proclaimed on every hill-toj-, and throughout 
 every valley of the land. Grass land pastured 
 by stock, and especially by sheep, is in a way 
 of growing better. Afarmcannoh but improve 
 with ten acres manured and ten acres of pas- 
 ture, or clover aftermath turned under every 
 year. Next to more grass-farming I should 
 be inclined to rank more sheep-farming. It 
 is proverbial that the foot of sheep b-ings 
 wealth. The fleece, the carcase, and the 
 droppings are three sources of profit to the 
 farmer from sheep-keeping. Root growing is 
 another mode of enriching po.)r land. Car- 
 rots, mangels and turniiw are valuable winter 
 food for stock, enabling the farmer to keep 
 more animals, and to make more and bettor 
 manure. To stop waste is another important 
 matter. I have referred to manurial waste, 
 but this is only one of many directions in 
 which economy is needed. Weed extermina- 
 tion is a most important remedial mea- 
 sure. How much fertility is annually 
 thrown away in the maintenance of 
 weeds! What^ will support a weed will sup- 
 j port a iiscful plant. There is aioo gieui, wtist© 
 in the fence corners. It they are iu grar-s how 
 I seldom is the trouble taken to mow and saw 
 
 I \ 
 
My Farm ok Lindenhank. 
 
 i.» 
 
 tlio hay ; if tJu.y «r« full of wredn and HtonoH, 
 nmcli vuluubl.) land U loht that iiii.<ht yitld 
 «on.o «(,rt (.f crop. "WLKiiiK «nd cnrthdiiiir 
 •wiiinp muck, of whi u tWo Im inoro oiltHH on 
 evtiy fiirm, in an <fft'ctive nieanH ofenrich- 
 
 '"•.'"'■ ■n'^t*'" *''*"' •'''"'' *" '" '"•■'" "" tJi'it tl'o 
 noil will bu KMiuii'K rMth.T tlmn loKJnK. Ku- 
 ricfutjg H p„or funn Im a v/urk of time and 
 priiotmf, but it can be douf, and it will pny to 
 do It. ThiTf Ih lui worHo aKiiiultunil policy 
 than that of allowing a farm to koi-p running 
 
 I have only two prosoriptionH for enriohinir 
 an impoynri^htd tarm. Ut, munuro ; ^n." 
 clov.r. IhoNo art) tho furmor'n right and loft 
 bowt-rH. lu r.'Kiird to nuimuo, John WeMloy's '■ 
 threi) ruk'M how to make money uro appropriate- 
 Iht, make all you cai. I.y hontnt iiiduhtry ; "ind, 
 Bavoallyouo.u by rigid economy ; Jtrd, givJ 
 nil you can. One would hardly think manure : 
 was the Hcarce eommodity it in, in view of the 
 inauiuT in whi.th it in wasted. It lien in rttk- 
 ing heaps in the barn-yard, exposed to the ' 
 sun which txhak'M the volatile portions of it 
 and to the rains that wnxh away its richness 
 in black streams destined to settle buneath the 
 farni buildings, or flow into tho adjoining 
 
 
 A. WASTKFUL ODOB. 
 
 Many farmers have an affectionate liking 
 fc^r the stench emitt. d by a pile of manure 
 Ihey regard it as a sure sign of strength and 
 goodness in tho manure, and in fact they osti- 
 mate its value very much by the sense of smell. 
 "Ike Marvel h,ts off this idea very well in 
 his entertaining hook, "My Farm at I'Mgo- 
 wood, where ho makes "Nathan," one of his ' 
 characters, get off the following opinions in I 
 conversation with a scientific gentleman : I 
 Guess It's all right; smells pooty good. ' 
 don t It r "Yes ; but don't yofi lose some- 
 thing in the smell 'r" "Wall, d'n know ; kinder 
 hard to bottle much of a smell, ain't it!-" 
 'But why don't you compo.«ite it; pack up your 
 long manure with turf and muck ho that they 
 Will abt^orb the ammonia i-" "The what*^" 
 "Ammonia, precisely what makes guano act 
 so quickly." "Ammouy, isitP Well, guatmer 
 has a pooty good smell to w : my opinion is that 
 manure ought to have a pooty strong smell, or 
 taint good for nothing!" 
 _ Tho stench which arises from a manure heap 
 18 caused by the escape either of carbonate of 
 ammonia or sulphuretted hydrogen, or both 
 These gases are valuable for their fertilizing 
 qualities, and they are at the same time in juri- I 
 ous and poisonous to animal health and ' life ' 
 particularly sulphuretted hydrogen. Tho ^ 
 odor IS not only disagreeable, but, as if Nature | 
 meant thus to give warning, it is pernicious to ' 
 human health, and has often been the cause 
 not of disease only, but of death. 
 
 A "pooty good smell" is an expensive af- 
 
 t'u ^-'^ f'^'*" leckou the cost to a farmer 
 
 ot the stink which at once wastes valuable 
 
 manure and mjures tho health of the cattle 
 
 and Jiuman beings that are forced to inhale it J- 
 
 It wou)d,perh8pi, bepraoiioftble to mAo an an. 
 proximate estimate of the money value of the 
 lunmonia that escapes from a reeking manure 
 neap An ounce of earlxmate of amm<.iiiii 
 may be bought of a druggist for a few cents, 
 i la(U'd on a plate before a tiro it will, if pure, 
 ciyaporate in ten or fifteen minutes. This may 
 give a distant idea of what is being lost, hour 
 after hour, as the sun lets down his rays on 
 t>io manure heap, stables and sh.ds, in the 
 warm weather of spring and summer. Even 
 in winter tho Io.hs is very gr.>at. An Knglish 
 writer, adverting to this matter, observen; 
 If a farmer will take one half of tho food, 
 the loss of his cattle, the amount of his far- 
 rier t: bill, and to these add the cost of ' medi- 
 cine and attendance,' rendered neeeHsary by 
 the sK^kness of himself, his wif.. and hia 
 family, and divide the gross amount by two, 
 ; ufter adding about •_'.) p^.r cent, for loss of 
 timo and labor, he uiU arrive at somethiuK 
 j like the cost of this waste." 
 
 The stench of a manuro pile is a sure sign 
 that what ought to go into tho soil is dissipat- 
 ed in thm air. It is a "wilful waste" that 
 mikes" woful want." There is no excuse for 
 this extravagance, because it can bo so easilv 
 prevented. The free use of gypsum, muck, 
 and other absorbents— even common earth- 
 will "hx" tho escaping ammonia, and hold it 
 111 reserve to be applied t<. tho soil. There it 
 will be of real value, producing fertility mak- 
 ing two blades of grass grow whore only (me 
 grew befo. >, and so helping to increase the 
 tood supply for man and beast. A " pooty 
 good smell " is therefore a bad thing, and 
 should bo effectually stopped. 
 
 THK WASHING OP MANUEE. 
 
 But the waste of mar.uro that is detected by 
 tho olfactories is the smallest part of it. The 
 ram washes away a large proportion of its 
 most valuable . I< ments. In various ways by 
 evaporation, washago and shrinkage, there 
 can bo httle doubt that .JO per cent, of it is 
 lost. One may well ask, " To what purpose 
 IS all this waste ?" Meantime our I. irnyards 
 m wet weather are a disgrace to civilization, 
 lo what annoyance and discomfort do we 
 subject ourselves, our families, and our stock 
 in the way of wading through the nasty cjn- 
 glomeration of mud, straw, and excrement 
 that represents the manure supply ! All this 
 I 18 easily prevented. A hoUcw place made in 
 the barnyard adjacent to the stables, and 
 covered with a roof of some kind, no matter 
 how rough, will constitute "a manure-court ' 
 as It IS called in Britain, .here the precious 
 material can be hoarded up ui.al it is wanted 
 m the fielos. Lindenbank boasts of a court of 
 this description, and it is the omnium aatherum, 
 into which everything capable of being con- 
 
 verted into inannm ij ♦!...«„.„ a.. _u 
 
 pondage to every farm in Canada, simple 
 though It IS, would add hundreds of thousands 
 annually to the productive resources of the 
 country. 
 
8 
 
 My Farm op Lindenbank, 
 
 OlOVEBINO. 
 
 ly. Bv it f mX f if ^loven-^fc very brief- 
 
 of the soil T^„ -Pf V' *° *'*« enrichment 
 
 in «oedir;i Jn^^irc Wr '^''o"^"^-"^ ^'^' 
 it half and ha] f with tw\ ^^''i' *" ""^ 
 iB to grow it undra\"rntYrd1a*l ot^"" 
 words under the ahadow of a S ^r^p *V/ 
 
 some other varietv f>,af j,i '*'^" grass, or 
 simultaneous™ 4 W But'^f /'"V "P^°« 
 
 eye to future^ soil enriehmeatbi°«l^^'" 
 sow clover bv if«Bl* * j .P^*' °y *^' means 
 
 b, njjht, and tb, „H 's.. Jri "';,U'lb"c:.t'! 
 
 " Ilka blade of graw ha8 !► , ala drap o' de«r.- 
 No wonder it is hard to get a " catch " .„ 
 S VCr- , ^^'^-^«-k\eioSfin 5 
 S t^anTfro uZVelhi". ^^, ^^^P^^^'^ 
 
 Wail a little longer." ^' '^ ' 
 
 FAEM STOCK. 
 
 A farm requires to be stocked. I will sneak 
 PaLta^iT^WT?^^^^^^ ,-irr 
 
 :?m^:mtoXrtt^-^-tvr£^H^^ 
 
 way of encouraging a venture h,th«fT- l^ 
 
 pected to get my entire herd f^^Ss than th^f" 
 S Too^^'J^'"'^ ', -w thlVtst^m 
 
 S2 LSg t; T t "r?p'o?ter,,*r °^ 
 
 with^r*J"''°r''' «^°^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 with his herd m order to take care of it ^ 
 the diffusion of that ' n:,blX*ed^torho:t 
 
 v.„vi' j^^ x*^"^ ^*^'°fi^ «■ natural dairy farm T 
 Ttf bound't^w'*^^^ '^«^^' and fLing^in 
 went intoli i'^'Pu.""™® pure-bred cows, 
 went into the Ayrshires. Be»rnnino- wifV, 
 three cows, duly entered in the OnS Ivr 
 
 Z.T^J^r^^^^'^''' ^'•°'» a'l i-nported sire 
 nomernl'e^dabeadr'' '''' ^^"^""g^-breds. 
 
 WHAT ABOUT THE MILK AND BUTTEE f 
 
 imprisoned folk, is a great luxnr^ ^t. 7°' 
 dUional rule of ^tion^Cng fSrsTs ^'SeM 
 all you can, use what you cfn't sdl In^i J.^ 
 yon get a dollar keep it." I took V^ ^^^° 
 With a view to living well \Z I ""''°8^ 
 
 marketed aKs'/o^^^aif^Sr-rch''^:? 
 
 in the market and f>h Lf ^°^ P"""" ^''^««' 
 posed to be such a friT^ " generaUy sup- 
 that we had come I^ r/' Tf^f " P™^*'^. 
 with a degree TflarJ?^^^ butter-making 
 must be Attempted for of aTt^T- ®"" '' 
 farming, it is assur^dR one of the"mo«f •.'■ ''' 
 
 bought fai^ea^tLTowf wwftS'f "'*' 
 eriy carried on bmmcJn^^ It I ^'"'"'^ 
 friends before, the vn,mrr!i^^ ^''""^^ ^^""^ 
 
 neighbors M,.r^ A" '"""^ 'l'^*"«l« ^ith o.^ 
 maSg dl'ffic^ f ""^i"^ conquered the butter, 
 best EngliXand A,^^ • "u"*",' P«''"«'*l «f the 
 
 »leotoM,„f o,„to„„. TheS r.?*' 
 
 r„ofe!%rrir' '■'^'''^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 with a sneer, forsooth ! X have W Tv-'^^r 
 to make first-clas.s but er by Ttsaid ^h"^ ^'"'^ 
 anybody who is able to read. ' ^ "° '^'^ 
 
 PIOS 
 
 must be procured of courso Ti,„ „ 
 
 of swine, '^ffiev'^and'm^ », any nobility 
 in d«rtfm,7'„'d°„"°£' /'"'■ if? '"'""'J 
 
\ 
 
 and strayed awaV to ^«r ! *^ w °"* °* *^« Pe'' 
 
 ance of that small gruntKas an^nt nPt^ 
 mystery for about three dlvrjr^^'*''^^ 
 the children cam a ..„? • ^^ ^'^^'» O'^e »* 
 homfied "uhTh/"tS thlf ^R^^'^.^ 
 was "eating one of her^ babiL •" ^.^ ^^ 
 even«o. On reaching her pe> ' T f "^"j 
 her in the ao^ ^f a ° ^ '> ^ found 
 
 piggy/' ™hing'rboneV'a: ^^ ,/-'"^^ 
 tor miffht Hn T ^? i "'^""^ as an alliu-a- 
 
 of tWnVsoon aflr »tf '^°''V°^«^» *h'« ^ind 
 voured by a blood-thirlty mother " WK^ ^'■ 
 
 i-^?u::tirXhTcdr^^^^^^ 
 
 of my children but livi ^^ ^'^' "' ^'^ """^ 
 
 "onsf it puat"f'u!&or"mirtffi7d""- 
 answer tn if tt i o'"»»u man to nnd an 
 
 troublesome qSrT VZ" *. T^' ^^ -^^^^^^^ 
 
 ones^eat'SfrTrnTrugr^I^ieti!:"'^ 
 the right time of the year for fattin.^ T 1 " n 
 have sentenced "Betsev •' tn K *^' ^ ^?°"^'^ 
 
 pork in the briefest 'S poss^brT'.'*^ ^^^ 
 weathlr was at h»n,i 1 /°*'*i?*«- But warm 
 
 with another lUter and if^tr;''^''!*^ ^^^ ^^"^ 
 position appeared k^».-nf °''°'?'''*''^"° ^'^- 1 
 with the bSe?S° *° ''"' ^* ^^■^''^"^"y 
 
 My FaRJI of LmDENBAXK. 
 
 swine of the masculine gender Ho nArar»k 
 lates slowly but flrmlf through thr^a^Sen 
 with h.8 no.e and feet below the surface of 
 the asparagus and lettuce beds. Stones and 
 etthroZh'^r'."'^-"'^ ^^™ «" -t last he rush^ 
 
 »n)>' li '\'^T ?°* ^°^ sausages (which we like^ 
 
 aSsffii£^3ir^ 
 
 &-h^£2 m^ - ^ 
 
 they had ours in China on exhibition Th« 
 In addition to the purchase of Betsey an<i 
 
 One by one they aU denarted t),i7i4* "niily l 
 
 PIOS AS PAEM STOCK. 
 
 and STk^ *''** P/^' ■""«* b« kept on a farm 
 haL%1eon\ndtrSf"\'* '^ -pplied S 
 
 also ^itrrogff for SrcZre^ ^s^ 
 
 Thr m^rh'^^biis^'^^ - ver/dLgLaS 
 iiegI,Lron^he i»,^ 7.f' J''"^ attributable to 
 keS'^LS andCpStablo' T'^'' '"* ^^^^^ 
 
 Sr;;s-:S!^S-s^ 
 
 It some satisfartinn in a^..:"- ^°^^.- .'l»ere 
 will go in some dir~ection;;itliough K^' ^ 
 waTXtra^g- fcif F^'- 
 once. Most emphaK/lXtr'Zhl 
 
 --gHcuWi^^S---^^- 
 Ar. ;,'^^-T *° ""^^^^ little pigs by hand°' 
 An editorial was appended, J^ follows "A 
 
 Ta^ °£.l't l^"^^ *° '^'^^^ Se pigs by 
 fland. For the best method see above '' ThI 
 
 iTup a ittTe'S l^-^J^-^Wr, h^! 
 'ug up a little pig high in the air, bv the tHil 
 
 that"ls?,f e.7orience,Iam inclined to thS 
 
 tro^ffol^e^t SrWeUn^'/r 
 w:?;oVrnr ^^^- *^-.-^^eX'th/otlt 
 
 litters'^ but^^rf ^«*«7,«°d Doia had other 
 bPtr«t»i^ ■ cannibalistic tendencies were 
 
 th yTadfuS^r.^*^'""^'*" '"^^ f-t"ha? 
 little ones *^ *° '"'^'^ ^^^^^^ ^"^ their 
 
 AN AOED OECHARD. 
 
 , V*l° already stated that my farm of Tin 
 
 Sn„i- V'5 . '** t'"®^^' ao<i P ant anew This T 
 dechned doin?, belierincr ^^^„4■\u . ^ 
 
 of the Great H!,»trf^'***^°P''^«''"Ption 
 trial nn^-* ""^^a.i'linan was worthy of 
 sonnL ^'' Successful, would bring fn^t 
 sooner, and more of if fK<.« „ """g iruic 
 
 could possibly yield A readv ^r°*^- T^'^'l 
 their youth ^ ' "^ ^'^'''^' renewing 
 
10 
 
 Mv Farm of Lindenbank. 
 
 IS true n reprard fo old orchards as weU as 
 other old thiugs. There are many oSrd« 
 that resembe old horsen turned out to die 
 
 meantime the intention Ih to plant a new or 
 chard, but this like many other good imen 
 tions, often fails of being carried out 
 
 It may be doubted whether in most of thp«« 
 cases It would not pay better andSg return^ 
 qu oker to give attention to tbe old orchard and 
 
 3' Iroubl '\'T''^ '^ ^"'"fe' to the expense 
 and tiouble of planting another. At Pny rate 
 
 heomtJJ 7 t"*^'' -hat can be done S 
 Plan ed W>,^'^'" '* * °«^ "'^^ '^^^^^ be 
 Frees will yl^^ ^^"P"'' 'cultivation, the old 
 trees will bear frmt enough to renav all tbn 
 trouble taken with them,\nd thTwill tW 
 afford a supply while the young trees are Let 
 ting ready to bear. * '^^^' 
 
 ohl^^" °/^'" th*',*"**^ that it is not age which 
 in. y are, m many instances, the victims ,.f 
 
 staTdtr b '•' rf'"''- . ^'^^ «"" i- ^i^^cb hey 
 stand has been left without manure until it is 
 too barren t- nourish a crop of fruit. Perhaps 
 
 t has been sown to grain and then to Jrass fn 
 the unreasonable attempt to make it produce 
 two crops at once^ Then the trees have been 
 left unpruned. The dead limbs have not been 
 
 re^r'arir'^rT" **" '^'^«umbrance to the 
 
 energies It f"'*'^ ""'H^'' "'^ ^'^ P^-oductive 
 energies It is a case of trying to live and 
 
 IZlrt r^'' '^'ff'-Ities.' A-few blossoms 
 E annlpl T'^^' ^""^ *^« succeeded by 
 for warTof snS"^ ''^ '.I ^'^^ but cannot 
 menTtl ,tHV "?'"• ^^^ shrivelled speci- 
 
 mens that hang on the tree in autumn proclaim 
 
 The rejuvenation of an old orchard is fn b« 
 
 accomplished by judicious culture Si^V and 
 
 Lh n^; ,,^"'''^^'^"y break up the tough, hard 
 
 cuJiZthrrl^ri"^ will-rotted ^.a'nure; 
 cut away the dead limbs; encourage the growth 
 
 be ifveT^'M^^"'""^ ^™"^^^« ther'e may 
 theV^^wTn • 'm ^"^^^ generous treatment, and 
 A^M 1">'^kly repay it. ' 
 
 havesS'iVr- ^'l do^e eradually, and as I 
 fiave said, judiciously. A starved tree like a 
 Starved man, must be fel a little at a time Alt 
 
 and nu^t be strengthened by exercise Bv 
 
 neTgrwtl." V""' '\^°^l^ b^ -P'"-^' -S 
 moTed 3 fl "*?° ^""^^ '""^t not be re- 
 
 Ss7S':eiri"' '™"^^^^^^^^ 
 
 ii •' asLonisri the owner witb tK« 
 
 crVel7J'lt..i^-*< b^-f- a-n^w'oJchL'd 
 maHfl f,. V '■ !""""""^'°. an oia one may be 
 
 f"rtheou't'aTnft-^°"'\'*°'* P*y handsomely 
 tne outlay of time and trouble expended on 
 
 n«r. 1^ Pjf ®°? V ^° h*^ "^^e*" tried this process 
 cessfuS-'Jt^'''''"^^"^ eifectually anrsuC 
 cesslully it can be accomplished. Trees of 
 fifty or sixty years standing may be thorough 
 ly rejuvenated by proper treatment, and ho w- 
 
 resnonf ?/* "*? ,''''' ^ '"''^ ^^^ ««ld"«i M To 
 w to cartful attention. 
 
 ^r.^^f * ""I'^noholy sight many of these old 
 
 The tretTn tt'^*^ '"*''">"'^' hLiculturis 1 
 ine trees in them remind one of the rairired 
 and emaciated beggar who confronted a S- 
 tkman on the street of a city one day^but 
 
 h± ^':Z\r^- ': " ^"- ^'^^ ^o bel^ome. 
 sav «^:P" "\ .gentleman, " why don't you 
 
 cultuie. Give them these, and they will be. 
 come young and fruitful again ^ 
 
 its sharf nf ' "''" "'"'*' ""'^''^ ^^^'' ^^^^ bad 
 visits of *'^""3'^^'"^« "rising out of the 
 
 TBAMPS, TBEE 
 
 PEDLBES, AND 
 MEN. 
 
 LIOniXINO-EOD 
 
 A trio of farm nuisances. What dweller in 
 the country has not been pestered out of h^ 
 
 than L.^ T'\ "*■ 'l!*^'" ^ ^I"'« trouble ome 
 than the tent caterpillar, b. rer, or curculio is 
 there no way of ridding our pr;mises o/ their 
 persistent assaults? When jou have con 
 
 :?Terft'""r ^ "°y given direS. it"; 
 at least interesting to read or hear of the suc- 
 
 hasVon;'""'^ ^^ ''r^^'^y '''-• Whatman 
 has done, man may do. It another has gained 
 
 immunity from annoyance, there is ho%S 
 } ou. bo 1 read with no small gratification an 
 account mScribner's Monthly for July of the 
 mode in which a farm was quickly a^ildeffec 
 tua ly cleared at one fell swoop of Iramps tree 
 pedlers, and lighning rod men! ^ ' ^ 
 
 A ferocious dog did the whole business It 
 was not plotted and planned, but felout 
 rather by accident. The dotr was keJVnr f v! 
 protection of the householdf wi h a^l^Vto 
 
 buf heT; 1 '"h- '"^'^^^ '""^^ ^"y t/e^prers! 
 fulness Tl°^f unexpeo^ted qualities of use-' 
 W Z']. ^h^'/t^/y i« t'jld in most entertain- 
 
 hf« I ^. ' ""l^ ? "•'""''^ t'-'^"«i'^'r it bodUy to 
 this lecture, but it is too long. AbbreviaLn 
 will damage but not utterly spoil it I shaU 
 do my best to tell it in a few words for S 
 too good to keep. ' " 
 
 The narrator is a city merchant who lives 
 on a country place, easily accessible by rlil 
 from town, and farms it as an amateur.^ He 
 keeps a fane watch dog known by the aristo 
 ciatic name of "Lord Edward/' One day 
 when the master and mistress were out lor an 
 afternoon drive, and the maid-of-all-work a 
 
 sLde^rZl. r ,11^ \?i ^!^P' - .t-mj 
 
 land demanded" s"omethInW eat" PomoZ' 
 
 I essayed to feed him, when he fixed a cortous 
 
 glance on some newly baked pies, and told her 
 
My Farm of Lindenbank. 
 
 to give him a piene of o.ie of them. "No 
 tliera pi«'8 for you, or any one like you." "AH 
 
 the kitchtn door, Pomona <■,>- .,t another 
 
 way HD<1 unohHined Lord Ed .v.; ' Mr Tramn 
 
 ani oH "'f ""V""*''.'"^ ^'^ '^'^ towardH hhn 
 and quickly changing hi« niird, started for 
 the garden gate instead of the Kitchen door. 
 But there wasn't time to reach the gate, and 
 
 croTch 'o ^: "°"''^, ^'. '' ^""''y »P ^-'^ the 
 crot^ch of an apple tree. The tramp was 
 
 hardly ensconced in his welcome refuge when 
 the Qog perceived another stranger making 
 ft 111? "t*^" ^■^^'^ from the public road, and 
 following his camneir.tincc8,^wentfor" him 
 He, too was w lad to climb a friendly tree in 
 
 W?r '• n °'^ ^^^""'^ ^'^'^'^ his attentions ' 
 pretty equally between the two men, so that 
 neither dared to come down, and thev remained 
 m the pleasant position of "treed cJons" until 
 tHe master and mistress came home. Pomona 
 Ir^rZT^ the state of affairs, and the master 
 proceeded to deal wiUi the luckless prisoners. 
 . J t ""m' .^'-'f ^""»"''*- "'« " t'ee man." 
 fii^htnf ''^'^ ^^'"^ '°' '^'^ ^' ^^I^'^ught 
 amon^f), f'^^v. "" F'^y *''°"«'^" standing 
 among the branches of a cherry tree not very 
 far from the kitchen door. ^ 
 
 sni'^l^'** i! ''7*"'^ unpleasant position, sir," 
 said he when I reached the tree. " I simn v 
 came into your yard on a matter of busine^ss^ 
 and finding that raging beast attacking a per- 
 son in a tree, I had barely time to |et into 
 this tree myself before he dashed at me Luck- 
 
 jiL t7' °".' °/ ^'' '^^""^ ' hut I very much 
 fear I have lost some of my property." 
 
 ,.^°, he hasn't," said Pomona. "It was ai 
 
 ?t Into the' i""^''^ 'T^-^'f'^ '' "^P --^ tlk I 
 It into the house. Ifs full of pictures of 
 
 peaches and pears and flowers. I've been 
 looking at it-thafs how I knew what he was" 
 and there was no caU for his gittin' up a 
 ^T- v^".*! ^^"^"'-^ ^ould nevef have gone 
 after him he hadn't run as if he iad S 
 on his soul, B""!- 
 
 chi'iL^^ I^ *¥°'" '^^"^ I. addressing the in- 
 dividual in the cherry tree, "that you came 
 here to sell me 8om<j trees." 
 
 .nl' -^^1' "'■•" *°^ T'th all the volubility of his 
 species he proceeded to descant from his cherry 
 
 ale ^ He "" '"" r"f ^"^"' '^^^'' he had for 
 sa^ He was politely invited to descend 
 '' Ttiank you," said he, " but not while that 
 dog IS loose. If you wiU kindly chain him up 
 I will get my book and show you specimens 
 of some of the finest small fruit in the world 
 all unported from the first nurseries in Europe 
 
 .. At ' *1*'^*^' '^"'^^'' '"^•'^^at grape, the-'' 
 /the?„H/ rf^ \' him down," saidEuphemia, 
 sparkle^ ^' ^°"''^' ^"'^ ^^^^ beginning to' 
 
 .r5S?„A^.^_^^°'^^« ^^ imnession. the 
 .. n.^, .jr^.^a.!! to aoscaut most eioquntjy 
 to Eupnemia so that pater familias perceive! 
 botr. r^^^r ^l^!. """Whined persuasions o? 
 both tree peddler and spouse to contend with. 
 So he sends for the dog-chain, hooks one end 
 
 II 
 
 ^lu*°Jf'' "^ Edward's collar, retains a firm 
 hold of the other, tells Pon.ona to hand th™ 
 "tree man" h s book, declines to giro any 
 order, and advises the gentleman to depart 
 without delay "You had better hurry s'r" 
 I called out, "I can't hold thisdog v.-ry hmg" 
 1 here IS an amusing account „f the "tree 
 mans" reluctant retreat,; his earnest renuest 
 to have the dog fastened up that he may « ^ w 
 his fruit pictures: his references to^ " thi 
 Me|tmagua pear;" trees to bear next year 
 
 f Pu^f' ^P^'^^^^g liuby Grape;" sweet 
 scented balsam fir, and other nurser^ proS 
 gies ; the rushes of Lord Edward ; the plead- 
 ings of Euphemia; the final breaki„g loose of 
 the dog just as the "tree man" lays Ms hand 
 hesitatingly on the gate. He quickly puts 
 himself on the safe side of the uate, ami t?ven 
 
 ICt hT'^.P""', '''^' '^ '''"'^' of'eloouence 
 ab<nit his extraordinary trees. Kut tirere is 
 escape from him now. The do,- is at large 
 and he dare not re-enter the eucdosuro. So he' 
 wends h.s way to the next plantation 
 
 Meantime the tramp is (ilan.oring for de- 
 
 h'e'Z^'-f " N««^; '°-k.a here," he%ried in 
 
 the tone of a very ill-used person, "ain't you 
 
 gom Jo fasten up that d^g, andletme^g^t 
 
 "No" saidT, "I am not. When a man 
 comes to my place, bullies a young girl who 
 was about to relieve his hun^ger, 'aL then 
 ). ifin . ""°^' '° "'''''' "^y house and help 
 fain ° "'^ property, I don't propose to 
 
 aftirhim^ ^^! y\^ a'^''' T^ ^'"''p^" to be 
 atter him. If I had another dog I'd let him 
 
 loose and give this faithful beast ! re..t You 
 
 can do as you please. You can come down 
 
 and have it out with the dog, or you can stav 
 
 up there until I get my din^'er. ^xLn I wiS 
 
 stahw7^"r''' '"''^^*'' *"•*"» »P the con. 
 stable, and deliver you into his hai^ds We 
 
 want no such fellows as you about." "So he 
 
 IS kept a prisoner until the shades of evening 
 
 the^M " ^'''^''- ^'- ^!''' ^' •« hberated, an! 
 the following proposition is madebv him,"l'Il 
 tell you what I'll do, if you'll chain upthat doff 
 and let me go, I'll fix things so that yoiui no! 
 be troubled no more by no tramps." "How 
 will you do thatP" I asked. " Oh, never you 
 mmd,'' he said, " I'U give you my v^uJot 
 honor I'll doit There's a reg'lar understand- 
 in among us fellers, you know." Next day 
 a curious mark was noticed on the trunk of a 
 arge tree which stood at the corner of the 
 ane and road. It was a rude device cut 
 deeply into the tree, and somewhat rese.ubled 
 a .square, a circle, a triangle and a cross. 
 There could be little doubt it was the handi- 
 work of the tramp, and was understood by the 
 fraternity, for not another tramp visited the 
 premises the whole season. Late in the fall 
 the narrator of these incidents observed a 
 wS i^"^:^/P,^* *1« -/^ .-the tree, 
 that meanV'TS; '""How dol"^c^^? 
 said the man "and whatdoyou want to know 
 Turi- Just out of curiosity," I said- "I 
 
 wha'tl l''""''^ ''j, .} '^'""^ y°" «»" tell me 
 what It means, and if you'll do so I'll give 
 
12 
 
 My Farm of Lindenbank. 
 
 youadoUar." "And keep mum about itP" 
 «^''^*'»eman. "Yes," I replied, takiuK out 
 the dollar. " All right," ^said' the tr^mp 
 that sign means that the man that lives up 
 
 do!,' ««l -f. * "'^*°' l*'°«^y •>"««' ^th a wicked 
 himfAn'"'T*°/° *^'^«-" Il^anded 
 him the dollar and went away, perfectly satis- 
 fled with my reputation. 
 
 I have hardly time to tell the talo ,f fche 
 bghtmng-rod man. It is very similar to those 
 of the tramp and the '< tree man." Folks 
 away, Pomona in charge. Gates locked and 
 dog loose. Lightning-rod man caUs Pomona 
 estate ri?'°- ^t^ ^""^'^^ ^"""'^^'^ «* *!»« 
 
 liJhM;^. ^°'^°''\^?"^'' '*• "^^^ !»«« heard of 
 ol^l^'^:™'^' ^^'°/ P''* "'^ ho'^es in their 
 ^^ \t *\««''°«' r*^ paid for rather than in- 
 jure the house by tearing them down. So 
 she IS resolute. "No, sir, no lightning-rods 
 on this house whilst I stand here/' But "the ' 
 vile intriguer of a lightning-rod der," as Pom- ' 
 ona styles him, had a " base boy" with h^ 
 
 «on bv n r- "^ ""r^l* \°'^ EdLrd's atten-' 
 tion by poking a stick through the fenoe at 
 lum while he slipped around to the back of 
 the house with ladder and rods. This in 
 
 n^rw"" V^'T"'**'^ ^^^"""^ ^^'a tt, oene of 
 parley. To her amazement she he^ * loud 
 hammenng on the roof, and "there was that 
 ^etch on top of the house a fixin' Ms old rods 
 and hammerin- away for dear life." Eut a 
 canine guard at the ladder foot brings the 
 « hghtning-rodder" to a surrender. He is 
 glad to compromise matters, take away his 
 rods, tools and ladder, and reconnoitre for a 
 field of operations where his enterprise wiU 
 not be thwarted by unappreciative ^creat J^es 
 Wiiether biped or quadruped. 
 
 „« f w ^^' '* i.* "''^y * *«^ fragmentary sketch- 
 Th« 1'*'' *^° »^^"" ^ * l^^t'^e fike this. 
 wUh the^.,°* r «^'i^^< mostly cultivated 
 with the plough and scuffler; of my small 
 fruit plantation, from which a great^ieidk 
 looked for next season; of my poidt^ yard 
 with us feathered tenantry ; of the prSe Jt^e 
 water-cresses, white lily beds, fish-ponds and 
 f ountams, for wMch the creek'u to be utilized 
 of the pand, old-faahioned open wood-flres' 
 rnffV,*^''"- ^t^'-^^ti^g "back log studies •' 
 and the quiet, Uterary indoor-life amongbooks 
 and papers ;_these, and much beside, SrS i 
 mam untold. Suffice i^ to say, in condusion ' 
 that my farm of Lind. abank ' may boas? J i 
 thmk, one rare feature, and that is, ' i 
 
 A farmer is free from uncertainty as to hlg 
 daily bread. He is sure of a livin/ It may 
 not be a sumptuous or Inxuriant living, but it 
 IS at any rate sufficient, and as the pro.-erb 
 says. Enough is as good as a feast." When 
 It 18 borne m mind how «iauy there are who 
 are not sure of a living, and with whom it is 
 a constant fight to "keep the wolf from the 
 door we may surely find in the farmer's free- 
 dom from care and anxiety, in this resnect 
 one mighty motive to a thankful contend ' 
 
 f«r^^«. ?M^^^¥ *!*"'« °^ complaint among 
 farmers is the hard, incessant work they havf 
 
 I ^it T- ^".* ^* ^ ''°* ^^'^'^ ^^^^ that of 
 
 many others, and it can scarcely be caUed in- 
 
 ! cessant, seeing that there are slack times, and 
 
 I seasons of leisure, unknown in many other 
 
 on«r*'°'''-., ^^" ^^"^^''' ^^ ^ ^'"■k in the 
 open air and under conditions favorable to his 
 health while multitudes are condemned to slose 
 work-shops, underground places, and forms of 
 
 burdL^^f^'T^ *° ^«^'*- The heat and 
 burden of the day must sometimes be endured 
 in the scorching sun, and there are times when 
 bleak winds and severe storms must be faced. 
 
 A CONTENTED OWNEE. 
 
 A pretty extensive acquaintance and obser- 
 yation among dwellers i^ the country inclL; 
 me to the opinion that a contented Tarter is 
 well n^h as rare as a white crow, or ablaok 
 
 ^fssaH«^r-^^."-^*^'"y'"^^''«- Hardly any 
 one 18 satisfied with his condition, or free from 
 envy of others. Possibly farmers are not «!^ 
 class more discontented than^ther^eople but 
 r:'t!!?? A^^--7 advantages Ttfi' fot i 
 
 b^WSsed thTdo^r '"'"'' ^^ " '^'^* i 
 
 Tj„4. ii. »-.o»D oLuiixis must oe laced. 
 
 I iJut these are exceptional, and use eives 
 power of endurance. A wise arrangement of 
 duties may be made, so as to lessen inconven- 
 ience and suffenng. 
 
 fhf'T/^® "^^^ ^°"^ *alk, it would seem as 
 though farmers were the only workers in the 
 human hive, and the rest mere drones The 
 blacksmith toiling and sweating all the summer 
 I tll'^'f the glaring forge, the baker knead- 
 
 fS^^^ '? ^t ^°* °^"° '•°°'°' the overtaxed 
 factory hand the operative in the rolling mill, 
 
 luZ'^^'l °*hers, might be named, who would 
 lA A^-^ ^^^r^t ^*h the farmer, and 
 gam by so doing. The farmer boy envies the 
 
 fSr^^^V??*'"^-^^"'^^ apVentice to 
 t^l^F ■ i'- ^^''^ ^^"^ these with swollen 
 feet and inflamed calves through constant 
 standing and walking, presentSig a more 
 pitiable sight at the close of a day^s busS 
 than I ever saw among farmers' boys, however 
 hardly driven The latter are fatigued the 
 former, injured by their toil. It is the differ- 
 ence between the horse that has ploughed aU 
 day walking in the soft fresh «artb, Ld the 
 horse that has travelled all day on a hard 
 plank road. The clerk works irly and late 
 . ^J^ually far later than the farmer. He cannot 
 , boast of his pay, for that is barely sufficient to 
 i maintain him. HandUng goods and waiting 
 j on tiresome customers aU the live-lonir day do 
 I not make a paradise. A store is a kind of 
 ; prison, and felt to be such in all that weather, 
 
 ; ^LZ^ "^^ ^r^. 1° "'''"h, that naturally 
 
 i tempts people out of doors. Is it not far better 
 
 to be out in the free open air, surrounded by 
 
 tho pleasmg varieties of nature, than to beim- 
 
 mured m a dungeon of a shop P 
 
 There is no work on a farm as fatiguuiff and 
 exhaustive as that to which thousands of over- 
 ta^^t'^.hram- workers are condemned every day 
 01 their JivfiH. T >nn7o *m"n.^ i,„i.u !_•_ J i.-', . ^ 
 
 aad I know that mental effort is far harder 
 than physical. But many have used their 
 
My Farm of Lindenbank, 
 
 minds to so limited an extent that they hardly 
 know what hard head-work means. 
 
 It is great foUy to be always hankerbi? 
 after a condition of freedom from work. The 
 fact IS that the Creator has imposed upon us a 
 necessity of labor with muscle or brain or both 
 as the unchangeable condition of our lives in 
 this world. " In the sweat of thy face thou 
 Shalt eat bread," is the law under which we 
 live, move, and have our being. There is a 
 moist sweat of physical toil and a dry sweat of 
 mental toil— the one bringing health, and the 
 other marking the face with furrows. One or 
 other, or both, must be our portion. It is the 
 common lot of humanity. Nor is this inevitable 
 necessity to be complained of. It is best as it 
 18. Work IS beneficial, and it is far better to 
 cultivate a love of it, than to be always plan- 
 mng to shirk and get rid of it. There is such 
 u, thmg as a love of work, and whoever ac- 
 quires it, will find great benefit therefrom. 
 
 Content and discontent ar in a great degree 
 matters of habit and culture. We may dwell 
 mainly on the blessings of our lot and so ac- 
 quire a contented disposition, or we may brood 
 over our hardships and discomforts, until we 
 grow sour with discontent. Surely it is the 
 part of wisdom to look on the bright side of 
 things and so become ourselTes bright with 
 habitual cheerfulness. 
 
 ts 
 
 That earthly elysium which so many are 
 evermore seeking in vain is not to be found on 
 a farm, but there are as many elements 
 of It there as in any other place that can 
 be named. Elysiums are not to be had 
 ready-made ; tbev have to be constructed out 
 of such material as may be available for 
 the purpose. Let us learn a lesson from 
 the birds. Thfc/ do not find nests ready made, 
 but gather twigs, wool, feathers, hair, down 
 and with them construct their nests. Perse- 
 verance, exquisite skill, and wonderful adapta- 
 hon do our Uttle feathered friends display, 
 iJut they are chiefly examples to us in their 
 capacity for nest-building. They manifest 
 this often under difBculties. Resolved to have 
 a nest, they search for the material, and never 
 fail to accomplish their purpose. There is no 
 lack of material for nests on a farm, if there 
 be only the talent and determination for nest- 
 building. 
 
 The patriarch Job was a contented farmer, 
 and I know now the full meaning of that pas- 
 sagem his autobiography :—" Then, said I, 
 1 shall die in my nest." So sayeth this de- 
 ponnent, in humble submission to the will of 
 that all-wife Providence, to whose revisal 
 and reversal all our sehemes of life are sub- 
 jeot.— From the Canadian Farmer and Orange 
 Mecord, Nov. 20<A. 
 
 
ADVERTISEMENTS. 
 
 PHEMrrnSFOKTIIEMlM.TON. 
 
 In m«i,in.M,p our l.-,Ul U.st of premiums we Imve tri.fl 
 to .•odu..e as manv now articles as possible, but owin« 
 to the re.,ue,i .,f ,„any of our last rear's workers who iU 
 Bol SHocoe I ,n K«l„in^. all the prbes that they wished for 
 we , .-alu offer some of M.e articles whieh ast year wore 
 moat sought after. Tne skates seem to have been th" 
 favorm. of the Youn« Polks, as over 700 pairs have been 
 sent away to sueeessf ul eompetltors, and li every ease as 
 far as w. hsve learned. «ave en.lre s.tislaetion : wo th;r^ 
 fore tor a short tune only, offer the skate., as premiums on 
 the tollowinsr terms: 
 
 WHAT KIND 
 
 o 
 
 THE CANADIAN CXjVH HKATE. 
 
 to any Of thoW.T.v«s,p„bllcatlons, we wiUsend, seeurely 
 
 DliN CLUB SKATR, worih $'i.7.'; per pair. 
 
 „ ^,„EUKEKACXUB SKATE. 
 
 EUlltKA (;i,riB SKATK. which retails at .$.'.75. For 
 «15 la new subscriptions wo will semi by express, a 
 
 CliLB SKATR, worth $4. 
 
 OF WEATHER WILL WE 
 HAVE TO-MOUROW f 
 
 This queption can be solvea by the pos- 
 sessor of one of 
 
 POOL'S SIGNAL 8EIHaGE 
 B.iROMErjitts,; 
 ■withlherniomcferaitached. Tfnotalready ' 
 the possessor of one ot these valuable 
 weather indicators, send us $8 In new sub. 
 aeriptions to any of the VVit.vrss publica- 
 tions a.'d we will send you one by express 
 with all charges paid. 
 
 BO YOU PAIIST ? 
 
 By ihia question wo do not mean paint- 
 inp your cheeks, but do you paint pic- 
 tares? If you do, and hav" not a good box 
 of paints, 8=nd us $5 - subacrip- 
 
 tious to the Witness pa. Ions, and 
 we win seua yon a 
 
 BOX op PAINTS, 
 
 flfted up with all the necessary requirementg to fit von to 
 flU iheposulnn ot h. ad a; .1st to tne family. For $7 In 
 now sub.ierip.ions we will seml you a bettor box 
 
 WHO WOULONOT HA VK A PHOTOGRAPH 
 ALBUM 
 
 When you can got a magni- 
 
 Bubsorlpllons to the Witness piiblientions we will send 
 a SOLID OOLD KKRPKR, while for $10 7n n/w sulf. 
 scrlptionswe will „end a GOLD RING, with PiTarLS 
 ar,dG.^RNKT8, and which retails at *4. If thecompei. 
 
 otTl *"""^"'""« ''""<•■ ^ ""iJ in Hcdinc tor one 
 size ot h, r 7 " ""•"•"»""'' " P'-^^o "' thread or paper the 
 
 Wo s roa';;^?!;^ """ "■"^ '" "' ""^ ""> '"«'"°ei- 
 
 double;. eonED light- 
 ning HAW, 
 
 which, on account of its size and useful- 
 ness, Is well adapted for hoii8..hold and kou- 
 eral purposes. Send us $7 in new aubscrip. 
 tlous and receive the above meniloned 
 valuable Implement. 
 
 MU.SIC HATH CHARIVIS. 
 
 By sending us $10 in new subscriptions we 
 w send « very Rood CoLoertina by express 
 with all eharffes paid. 
 
 FOR YOUR HOUHE. WIVES AND 
 D.>tU«>HXEHM. 
 
 " you want to piake year wife happy 
 >«iid us .$17 In new subsoiiptions, and we 
 will send you by e.iprcgs. a set of KLUTINO 
 CaiMPKNO AND SMOOTillNG IRONS 
 
 ticent one by sending in $7 
 in new subscriptions to the 
 Witness publications, or for 
 $(t you can pel one not quite 
 BO tiuely bound. 
 
 tor,$7 wowiU send nome- 
 thins new m the shape of 
 a pretty little 
 
 ALBUM REHTl^G iJr<»N AN EASEL. 
 
 A handsome and most appropriate present for a birth 
 tiny or New Year's oat is a Gold Ring. Ko, $5 in new I 
 
 OPERA GLA.H.SES. 
 
 For $10 in new subscriDtions we win .._j 
 class Opera Giaas. ^'" '*°^ J'"" « A"*- 
 
 FOR THE LITTLE GIRLS ONLY 
 
 ao^:^'?Si:;;iS:whrdr:T"'^ ^^^--' 
 
 wax doll to act as boa ot the r do uTr T """"^""^ 
 earn one tor themselves by can -assml "™";='»" '"»^"y 
 
 P^ubUoatnVr^iirse^Xrar^^^ ^ -™-- 
 
 HAND.SOME WAX DOI.L 
 
 of'iSl'ot'lhe ?r *"r "'P"'"""""-'""' " P-xe-ed 
 possess ts hi r"T ';' " •^"'"'"'"'^'^-'■''Ooll should 
 
 =ite:rrL^°Lr^^-r„xt:- 
 ^:=;:^nd:otr::^Sf*"r""^ 
 
 -from its tiny and wUl.rperearr;l"iroft': 
 
 tiniest earrinus ^ "* ""' 
 
 After obtaminp the doll, of course, ron wiU rennl™ ,„ 
 
 set to work and provide it with a ■' Irousseau.""™ '" 
 
 frav^^^I,n^d'lb"'' '■""""'" '" """""'P'^ythedollinlt, 
 travels aronnd the nursery, we have a 
 
 i 
 
Advertisements. 
 
 I! 
 
 aeud 
 
 ipeil- 
 le on 
 : one 
 rtbe 
 
 
 
 , i 
 
 BEATITIFUL WORK BOX. 
 
 llneU with silk, and fitted 
 up witli the roiiuired ads- 
 sors, Bpool and needle onse, 
 thimble, to. This cnn be 
 obtalmd by sending? us $8 
 in new BnbBorljitlons. 
 
 Go to worli at once nnd 
 become tlie happy poasos- 
 
 <^~ ^"'^MMM '"'' "* "'*■'"' '"■""^ articics. 
 5j^V:---s«;>i^^W] ^fit vour father or " bl«" 
 '|(j^ I' ' ■ ■ ''/ brotlierto take you around, 
 '' f.l__J "ud witli a fen- days' work 
 you will obtain the required 
 number of new siibsonbers to obtain the doll and work 
 box, 
 
 THE I,rOY» COMBINATION I'EMinT.DER 
 
 contains live ardcles in one. Peneil penh.ldcr. patent 
 fountain pen, iienknite, and rubber. The knife ia flrmiy 
 fastened in place, anrt enn be used for rlppinff seams, 
 outtinf? off hooks, eves Pal buttons, for erasing blots, and 
 manyotherpurposes. When not in use, the Lloyd mavbe 
 BO closed HS to leave nothing but the rubber openod-cyen 
 the poin»oftho pencil may be turned in and protected; 
 this eonld not be accompli bed it the prubolder wns open 
 atthe ends or sides; as any openlni? would allow dust 
 dirt, moisture, ic, to enter. This handy Combiuation 
 will be senf to any person sending us s62 m now subserip- 
 tiona to any of the Witness rubliciitions. 
 
 THE " EVER nE4DV" POCKRT KNIFE. 
 FATIIISRS AND .SONS, RK,\0 THI.S. 
 
 Thedesidernlum of every livins male ia to become the 
 possessor of a well stocked and thoroughly reliable pocket 
 knife. The article which we now offer on sneh advnn- 
 tagfoua terms ia no* only a double bladed knife, bnt also 
 contains several tools, which will be tound to be very 
 handy, and jus' the thin- wanted in an emerf^ency. The 
 two en^ravincs will snow our readers the app'aranco 
 and number of Wades which the knife eonfiiina. The 
 very effeoilve and convenient SCREW DRIVER is hidden 
 
 holes in haruesi, wood, &c., whioh can be onlargod by Iti 
 sharp eornora. All oloan Into a atronx ami compact 
 handle. This POCKETFUL OF TOOLS will be aent to 
 liny poraon who aends n% $i in new aubsoriplions to the 
 
 WlTNRBS publicatlODB. 
 
 THE AMEKICAN flOI'.SKKBEPEIt'iS SCALE 
 WEKJIIS IJl' TO ai LBM. 
 
 A nair of reliable bcmIms hi what every housekeeper 
 ahould have. The ChrUtlan Union aays of It : '■ American 
 Housekeeper's .Sealo-i ho mii,-.! couven ent scale wo havn 
 yet seen forhonsehoopera ia lh,it advertized in this week's 
 Issue. Itisaimph^, aocurate nnd cannot readily Ket out 
 ot ord.r. The platform bears di.ectly over the spnnjr, 
 and the nut is adjustable hu that the tare of the dii<h ia 
 had without tlio use of weiRhts." To any one seniun- us 
 $0 in new snbacrintions to the Witxkss pubiiea ion8"we 
 will send one of the above d.aerlbed platliirm soalea. 
 MAKE VOIJlt IIOMi<.S BEACTIFIJIi! 
 
 Sendus3i40 in newsuliKeiiptlonM to any of the Wit- 
 NK8S nubliontions, and we will send you by express a 
 handsomely chased and satin Hiiiahed elcctro-platod 
 ICE PITCHER. 
 
 The pitcher Is trebl.- plated, aud manutactured uv Simp, 
 son. 11,111 i. Miller. With ordinary uao this article will 
 last a lil'eiiuie. 
 
 For $2:> in new aubsoriptions we will aerd a, very 
 heavily plated and elaborately tinished Buiter Cooler 
 forming altogether a most uaelul aa well as ornamental' 
 piece ot table ware. 
 
 The STANDARD WORCESTER QUARTO DKITION- 
 ARY, Jllusiraled and unabridged It is a mussivo volume 
 ot ],854 quarto paffca, handsomely bound in library 
 Sheep, and la eiuiche-l by more than a thousand e.xcellent 
 ar.iclea on synonymes, in whicl live thousand avnonj- 
 moua words are treated, and i.ccuratelr and concisely 
 il'm.trafed by short and well-ohosen examples ; it containg 
 more than one hundr.Ml thousand words in its vocatmlary, 
 with their pronunciation. dcUiiition and etrmolocy 
 
 To anyone sending na $40 in now subscriptions to our 
 publioHtions we will send by mail or txpresa this famous 
 and worid renowned Dict.onaiy. This offer we m^ke 
 specially to STUDENTS, MINISTERS and TEACHERS, 
 and is one of the most advantigeous offers wo have ever 
 made. 
 
 For those who ore not aequmnted with our pnpeia we 
 will state that the prices of the WITNE -S PUB LIGATIONS 
 are as follows: 
 
 Daily Witness nt 
 
 " ti minimers and teachers. 
 
 Wbekly Wit.ness 
 
 to ministers andieachers. 
 
 $3 00 per annum. 
 2.00 
 
 1.10 
 
 85 
 
 Ij'AdroBK ] (j(j 
 
 NORTHBK.V MesSKNGRR. 
 
 10 copies to one address. 
 
 25 
 
 60 
 
 80 
 
 2.50 
 
 fi.OO 
 
 11.50 
 
 ■ In Com 
 
 by the otipned tftrop htn.io K.,f i.. ai — ^..,_ i_ .u. _, _- _. 
 
 - , ..,.„ .„ „.,..„„ ,„ (i-,^ j.'n,-turL- I't 
 
 the knife as closed. Tne HOOK can be made useful in 
 sundry wars, such as to clean a horses' hoof, pull on the 
 boota, lift a stove dover, ko The back of the Hook 
 makes a pood tack hammer ; while the inside of the hook 
 norms a small but strong nut cracker. The Punch makes 
 
 GENERAL OIKECTIONH. 
 Iinpoi'lnni. 
 
 Every letter for these prizes must be marked 
 petition." 
 
 The money in all cases must accompany the order. 
 Rend fu'l prices for publicaiions, deducting no oommia. 
 
 5:ans. 
 
 Ministers' and Teachers' anbscriptions arc not reeeiyed 
 in competition for these pilzcs. 
 ^■end at onco for samples nnd illustrated list of prlzea 
 JOHN BOVGAI,!. * MIN. 
 
 MONTRtAt.P. Q 
 
8EWIU OP HE. CLABKEB LECIIIBM ON AOEIOOLHIBE 
 
 ALL PERSONS 
 
 cultivate a desire for ami Ktrpmrfi,!!. ■ • ;""■* }V"^^n will have a tendency to 
 can find their olJec^tfAealyS of Kelio.on and Tempekance, 
 
 WiTXK«s. The hiHt,?ranYca^eer of tl.1s n "•* ^y./^'li'^fc' the Montrj^al 
 has been considered oL of the Marvels f hra^' Tn ^"?^"^ ''^^ its success 
 secure its greater circulation rn„ ,l,> !„ I ^!' . "^"Z ^ho desire to work to 
 
 subscriptions to it or the other W Tw.f rn,!"?-'' r *° tH,T««l^^« I'X obtaining 
 J.leasant to those who e™ i^it bufwh,-r •n''*!? -• ?^V' " ^"'^ not only, 
 those whom their influence caiises to tnL^^ ''i "J}*""* ^"'' *''"™ *he thanks o'f 
 
 the UNIVERSAL EXPERIENCE or hTwUer^^ ^'"^'"'f. '^^^'^ ha« been. 
 
 Cash commissions are given for sJ^WnHnn^ "'^ Witness and its sister paj-ers. 
 are also made :- ^ subscriptions and prizes, and the following .Jffers 
 
 whictTs giJrn^'etv^'i^-^rr^^ Wi™ksh publicatio„s,-a list of 
 
 aoo^xrir^l^f:^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 rece^^S^SLl^^^-i^to^e WE^VW™^^^ .^ 
 
 not.t;^S&lT„tM^^^^^^^ that does 
 
 a package containing a sufficient number of m Pr« f „ ^"'^*° ^^'^ ^"<' "^ this year 
 
 All instructions necessary to be^SV^r ^T „ ? ^^P^^ °"^ *" '^^ ^"-^^^y- 
 publishers. Theprize li't St fo^undt J^conv nf^'^"4"" application to the 
 
 E VEEY LETTER AN3WEEED ^ Weekly Witness. 
 
 HOW A NEWSPAPER IS MADE. 
 
 repri^te'Sil'-jS^^rfo^l^^^^^^ \ ?-'? Newspaper, 
 
 and will be sent free to any address on ^S of , nlV^''^ ^^ ^^^ Publishers 
 
 JOHN DOUGALL & SON, Montreal. 
 •*.^,^ — . 
 
 JhE ^ITNESS j=^UBLICATIONS. 
 
 Montreal Daily Witness, price, post paid, 
 Montreal Weekly Witness, .... 
 L'Aurore, (French, Illus.), - - - . 
 Northern Messenger, (Illus.), . . . 
 
 83.00 circulation 14,951 
 
 1-10 " 26,300 
 
 1-00 " 850 
 
 30c. " 46,400 
 
 THE DAILY AND WEEKLY WITNESS TO JANUARV , . ,o<.„ „ 
 
 ONE YEAE'S STJBSCEIPTION. *' "*°' *'°^