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Un des symboies suivants apparaitra sur la dernlAro image de cheque microfiche, seion le cas: le symbole — ► signifie "A SUiVRE ". le symbole V signifie "FIN ". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at difffferent reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams Illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc.. peuvent dtre filmis i des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reprodi.it en un seui cilch6. ii est fiim6 d partir de I'angie sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite. et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ■f^1»t'^' / MANUAL OF ORTHOEPY: WITH NUMEROUS NOTES VFON THE ORIGIN AND ABUSE OF WORDi^* \ iFourth IStjftfow; t^ITH I.ARGB ADDITIONS AND CORHECTIOVS. YORK: (upper Canada:) CltlNTGD AT THE OFFICE OP THE GUARDIAN. Entered at Slationefa Hall, 1833. PREFACE. LiTEnxitY trifles do not always rely on themselves, but depend mttitiiy upon circumstances, and by whom communicated to the public, for patronage and support: if from an elevated quarter, they are invariably accepted, mcrease the libraries of the great, and adorn the boi'doirs of tiie fashionable : but from the humble and unknown, they are commonly rejected, lie mouldering on the Bookseller's stall, or are assigned the meaner offices of drudgery and waste paper. However, without entering into the minut m uf such sort of distinctions, the author of the Manual thus accounts for its appearance : He never yet met with a student or- adult, unless previously instructed, who, on turning to a Critical Pronouncing Dictionary, could thoroughly ccanpreliend it, alt ough the key-iine thereof imme- diately met his eye ; but it is unreasonable to expect, that he who offends its easiest mutation, should enter mto the niceties of pro- sodial sound. Hence, to meet the wants of the foregoing, it is desirable that some able Lexicographer should take this subject under his serious consideration, and, incited by its advantages, compile a Pronouncing Lexicon upon a mure simple and less scientific plan. The study of an English Dictionary is by no means of that minor importance which is too often (but erroneously) supposed to be; setting aside the facile means it afTords of furnishing us with a more copious vehicle for the conveyance of our ideas. Our standard one is that of Dr. Johnson, whose invaluKble labors are well calculated to bear down all oppoei- tion, notwithstanding the innovating spirit of the age; insomuch, that I should not m the smallest degree be surprised if How' d'ye do? of the present year, were to be a stranger to How d'ye doi in the next. If the fortgoing hint that has been thrown out to Lexicographeri be not improved upon, it ia presumed that this Manual would form a sort of stepping stone to our various Pronouiicmg Lexicons, as, omitting the accent figurings, it has strong marks of affinity, and might probably be denominated the Sequel to a Spelling-bouk, or aa Introduction to a Dictionary. *" In justice to our various Prosodians, it must in fairness be conceded, that they have written well and ably for the critical and learned; but, unfortunately, have entirely lost sight of the simple and unlettered. The present attempt, though a feeble one, is intended to supply the delineiK y. The design was originally sketched in the margin of my Ttiesuurus when a stripling at school, and has since occasionally, at long mtervals, btsen tiinbodieil au4 enlarged ; wluch may throw iome IV PREFACE. light upon many notes. Every impropriety herein introduced has pusaed under my own obaervation ; and my authoritieR, where necea* lary, are of the firnt order. Tliis edition contains a large augmentation to the notes, without materially lessening the text, of a m>ac(ilIancous character, and also a considerable increase to those upon Solecisms, Barbarisms, Cock- neyiflms, und Vulgarisms. Making a voyage to York, Upper Canada, ill British America, during the fall, or latter part of 1832, this edition, including paper and binding, is the entire production of that infant capl'al ; thus proving, in no trifling degree, the striking advantages of unrestricted industry. For York, on Lake Oiiiario, but a few years since, was the barren waste, a swamp, the wilderness, and unknown. But, lest I should extend this article beyond the lim ts assigned it, I Will here conclude, by requesting for my little Work the indulgence., ^^pf the candid : to others, who are not so, I have nothing to sayy^ut ''•"*l7ib8e of them who delight in the trfling and minute, would rccom- lui.'nd a perusal of the following tale :— 4 deep-eearciiing philosopher, of the modern school, hnvinj- dis- co .jred, by sheer chance, that a prodigious number of animalcules inhabit the body of a flsh, called in all haste upon a sage of his acquaintance, and, communicating to him the result of his labors, desired his opinion as to the reward that should follow this discovery. The sage replied by putting a dead fish into his hands, requestingr, at the same time, that he would return to him when he had found out the precise number of animalcules it contained. This was but the employment of a twelvemonth ; after which he returned, as he had been directed. "I have discovered," said the modern philosopher, "just ten thousand more animalcules in the fish that you gave mc than there are people in th* whol > world." '• Indeed !" rejoined the sage; "then take the animalculed as a reward for so notable a . discovery." CRITICISMS ON THIS WORK. *Thm Is a TPry curious book : cnn'ninin? a Cfnnpiindiiiin of more "i<»fnl and enter- taining liriowle(i<.'« than iniirht be imnviripd could br coinprt'gacd Into so small a spRce. It ousht to be in every t^chooj-b'iy's hands but, iti truth, we know of no cla!<9 of our COHnirymcn, who caii rt^aJ and have occasion to ^pi^ak. hut iniiitt And it uaeful ; and, for the MMiiseinent of transient leisure, it will well repay iuMpectiona oft repeated"— Bath and Cheltenham Gazette. ' This bivik, from its condensed ma8«i of grammatical corrections, added to the extent and variety of itx informaliini, must rendcv ii noi only deisirablp to th(? stndHut and adult, |>ut equally acceptable to the miscellaneous reader and seeker after knowledge "—TVue Sun "Tna notes are full of Information. There are marks of too much labor and reading in the book, not to make it worth a Teacher's atit^ntinn "—Mhrnteum " A Protiouncinir Diciionary u|ion a n. w and very ingvniuus plan, in which the Authnr has la a ^reat measure 8ucce«ded."— Weekly Times. troduced has where neces« otes, without Iter, and also risms, Cock* pper Canada, , this edition, if that infant V advantages t a few years nd unknown, assigned it, I e indulgence ' to sayjf^ut 'ould rocom« hrjvinj- die- ' animalcules sage of his if his labors, lis discovery. pquestingr, at ad found out was but the as he had jhilosopher, gave mo rejoined the notable a fill and enter- small a space. to class of our it iifleful ; and, ft repeated"— to the extent iKnt and adult, ledge "—7V«e Dr and reading ich the Authdt MANUAL OF ORTHOEPY. NoTK. — The fiiTiiros nfllxcd to racli word refer to the difTorcnt Parts of Speech : n.s i Article ; '-Noun ; SAdjective ; 'Pronoun ; sVerb ; "Participle; "Adverb; t^Conjunction ; ''Preposition; '"Interjection. This mark (") over a nyliable in the accent column, written as the Ijiven word is to be pronounced, denotes that it is to receive the entire (jmphasis. If the divided word have no mirk, it is to be pronounced vvitlioiit any particular accent on either of its divisions. (Full.) Means lliat all the letters of the word at the end of which it stands are improperly sounded ; as, Dor-dreshl for Dordrecht : properly dort. A. n1).(lik.a.tiv •a.'^ fe Ardicativf.," implying an a!)dication. Abergavenny," a town in Monmoutlisliirc. a.licr-gan.ne Abex,- a part of Ethiopia. Com. n-hiks.aAvsh Aboriginc.«!,- the first inhabitants of a country, ab.crldj.in.neos Absolutory,^ that which absolves. ah-eol-u-tur-re Absnrd,^ ridiculous. Improperly a?Kurd. ab-surd Abyss," a great depth. Written also abysm, a-bis Academy,- a school of arts and sciences. ak-a-dem.me Jl i? tlie first of the vowels, a, r, », n, v, witli frequently rr and y ; so called, liecaHw tbiiy ran ho sounded without any apparent motion of the mouth. It i*) now used before words beginning witli u long ; as a union, a vnivcrsnl, &c. Wliole booics might be filled witli tlie onnoniinnis that luive been laviiahed upon this vowel. 'J'lnRedinns are fond of niisupplying its hrimd sound ah, in their pronunciation of Cato. Mdicativc Formerly accented on ab, but which is now universally exploded. Aborigines] ('onimonly calleca2 and academically axe. thvm acceuied. Is an Athenian term, applied toa spot bclongingto one ^cnrfnwuj?, surrounded by high trees and adorned with covered walks, in which Plato first taught his scbuol of riiiiosophy. NoTB :— The improper introdiiciion of a in "1 rnn't « bear it," is a decided cockneyism. Ac and ak, come from the Bamn n< an oak. B MANUAL OF onTItOKI'V. Acaclia,^ or Nova Scotia, in British America. Acceptable,^ pleasing, agreeable. Access,^ addition. Impro. accented on ac. Accidence,* first rudiments. Cor. accidents. Accomplice,^ a partaker. Vulgarly accomplish. Accompt,* a reckoning, or filed bill, {a-kounl) Accountant,* a reckoner. Properly accompfant. Accoutre,* to array, adorn. Vulgarly a-kow-tur. Acephalous,-' without a head. {a-sef.lus) Ache,* a pain. Sometimes spelt as pronounced. Achieve,' to execute, perform. {a-ishiv) Achor,* a valley. Corruptly ak-kur. Acidulee,* medicinal springs. (ass-id-h) Acme,* the height of a thing. Corruptly uk-me. Acolothist,* a deacon. Improperly akolisl. Aconite,* wolf 's-bane ; poison in general. Acoustics,* instruments used to help hearing. Acqs,* a small city in ancient France. Acquaintance,* familiarity. acqiiaintancps. Acqui,* a strong town of Italy. ifti^^) Acre,* a certain quantity of land. Acrimony,* severity of language. Acronical,^ a term used in astronomy. Acumen,* quickness of intellect. Acuminate,* to sharpen at the point. Adage,* a pointed saying. Vulgarly «.r7ar7ye. Adagio,* musical slow time. Corruptly a-da-je-o. Adamantine,^ having the qualities of adamant. Adduce,* to draw, to bring in, assign. n.hfi.t'oa uk-Bop-ta-bcl ak-808 uk-so-dertfle ak-kdm-plis ak-kount nk-knunl-unt ak.kil.tur a-scf.a-lus nke at-tsliuvo u-kur a-sid-du.Io ilk-mch a-kol.o.thist uk-kon-nito n-kuu-stika ax ak-kvvfiint.anso ak-ko tt-kur ak.re.mnn.no a-kron.o-kul a.k'>vv.men a.kew-min-ait Tid-adjo a.dadj-e-o ad-a.inan-tine ad-duso .Seaiia] Settled by tlic Earls of Halifax and Selkirk, and otiier distinguished men. Acceptable] Thirty years ago the accent was on the si-coiiil syllalile: ibr it is a confirm- ed angficisin with as, always to form the accent, if posiiible, on tlic first syllabic. Jlecomplice] Barbarously contracted into complis. .Sceompt] This is its proper orthography, tlinugh cnmmonly written account. Accoutre] The sound of u, in this word, may also be represented by a double o, as ak- Icoo tur. Accubation] It is to be observed that tion^ cion, and sion, either in the middle or at the end of words, when undivided, sound like shon or .ihun Uy tlie same rule, tial and rial take the sound of shal. Again, ciaji and tian are pronounced ukan. Addotuln, cient, tient, like ahent ; cious, scions, and tious, like shus ; and science, ticncc, at the termina- tion of wordF, like the sound ofshense. jJehf>\ The late J. P. Kemble strove hard to give the plural of this word a new reading . Achieve] Formerly written atckieve. Acorn] A late celebrated orthoepist pronounces it ak-kurn. Acquaintance] Ib an aggregate noun, tlie addition of » is therefore improper. Adamantine] Its emphasis has but recently been reduced to good order. Addenda of don't I, lu " I always do, don't /," isa 7»Mre English vulgarism. Adduce] Has but recently found its way into our dictionaries. MANUAL OF OUTIIOLI'Y. uk.Bop>tu-l)cl ak-ses uk-KO-denRe ak-ko.n-plis ak-kount nk-kount.unt ak.kii.lur n-scf-a-lus nke at-tR)iuvo fi.kur a-sid-du-Io Lk>mcii a-kol.o-thist uk-kon-nito nkOu-stiks ax uk-kvvfiint-anso uk-ko u-kur uk.re.mun-no a-kron-o-kul a-k'^vv-men a.kew.min-ait ild-adjo a.dadj.9-0 ad-a-nian-tine ad-duso 'J Admiralty,'- lioiul naval oflicc. Vulg. admiralUy. Adorable,-' worthy of adoration. (dd-ur-a-ble) Adry^^ ihirslu : which is the proper word. Advcr.sarin,'- a coininonplace book. Advertisement,- a public notice. Advowee," possessing an advowson. {ad-vo-e) Adu'ation," high compliment, flattery. Adult,* past the age of infancy. (d-duh) Adunqne,'' crooked. Corruptly called a dunk-e. Aerial,"* belonging to the air. {air-yul) Aerology,- the theory of the air. (air-ol-o-je) il^titcs,- caglc-stone. Vulgarly called a-tites. Afeard,-^ daunted, afra"d. A vulgar word. AtT'ect,- adection. Often put for efect. Afiected,^ moved. Confounded with effected. Affection,* passions generally. (a-felc-sJiun) Aforegoing,"' going before. Now joregoing. Afraid,*' in fear. Vul. afraurd. Barb, afreurd. Afier, '•* behind. Barbarously called ar.je e-ti.toos a-fe-urd af.fekt af-fek-ted af-fek-shun o-iore-go-i;>g a-frudo af-tur a-gane ag-et a-gen ag-nale a-gew ile ate al-bew-kirk ai-ko-run tin(!uished men. e: tor it is a. coiifirm- rst syllabic. II account. by a duuLIc o, as ak- tho jtiirldlo or at tlip ic rule, tial and cial iri. Addi.'iidn, cicnt, cnce, at tliu leiiuiiia- vvord a new reading. improper. rder. iiigarism. .^ddphi] fthn) From a Grrck word signifying brothfr, being builtby two brother!. Admiralty] Frequently pronounced admiraltry : and adult accented on a. Advertisement] Corruptly on Use. It is 501. penalty on the printer and advertiser for things lost or stolen, ofl'ering a reward, with no qurations to be asked. Jldunqur] Also vulfiarly pronounced full : id est, a-dun-kwe. JfUites] The diplitliong m, not being English, is now generally written e. .Ifcard] Is a solecism of had character, which term first arose among the Athenians, against a colony planted at Soloe, by their legislator Solon, remarkable for the impurity of their ianguu^ie. it is |>roperly an ism, upon many words, and barbarism., etc, on one only. JIforc] Though a vulgarism now, was quite fashionable in Queen Elizabeth's time. J]ffain] Its modern corruption, affen, was anciently its orthography. Jlgnus Dei, or, "O I.nmb of God, etc" Was first appointed in the Litany, abotit 687. Jiir} Is eight miles high. The entire weight every person sustains is 33,000lb8. y/(7J There are several spots of ground with this character in the Thames, dotting it in a most picturesque manner, both above and between Kew, Richmond, and Kingston Uridges. Formerly spelt ayte. Mcoran'] Conies from tlie Arabic words al, the, and koran book. It is therefore as Im- propter to write the alcoran, as it would be for us to say, the the Bible. MA'»*CAi. or OUTIIOM'T. Aldcnnun,-' city in;i;;;isfrate, uppointcil in f^&2. lill-ilur-umii Algebra,'^ uHcicncu iiiKit kiiuwii in Kuropc, 1 1*J1. iil.jo.brii Aldgato,'^ ouo of the lirsd city gutes). ull-jfot Aiias,7 otherwise. Corruj)lly ail.ns. iilo-tj-yun Aliquot,^ ineusuring exactly. (a//7wo^/)ul.o.kwoi Alkali,^ the contrary of aciil. Usually ///-A<7./c. al-Ua-lc Allay ,5 to quiet. Ofluu put fur the -' uUoij. al-Ia Allege,^ to afTirm. Formerly spelt allnlire. ul-K'-djo AUelujah,'-' praise God. Also spelt hullcliijuh.a\.c.ian.yii\i Allies,^ confederated slates, partners. aUIizu Alloo,^ to sot on. Also spelt halloo, ul-lii Ally,^ to unite by kindred or friendship. al-li Almond,^ a nut. 8 varieties. The / is quiescent. iilj-munJ Alms,'rocZir.7/r/)ani.brd.zhc-a America,^ Its territory equals Europe. (am(./TA.T)a.mor.e-k;i Anagram,'-^ transposing llio letters of a name. dn-u-grum Anipuzan,^ the name of 4* in infantine schools. am-i«ow.zriu An,^ any. Improperly utied for one. an Analysis,^ a separation of the parts. (dn-aMs-is) a-nul-e-sia Anarchy,^ a state without government.(a.«drA- e)an-ar.Uo f MIy] Its noun, allies, waa forniPrly, hut ntrocttdly, nrct'iitodon al. Moca] Medical men nriii," nays an ancient black letter book. Almanac] From the Saxon all-mnoii-hrtd ; the nioon'ri courses engraved on Hiicks. AlpkttbeC\ Ours contains 2ti letters: French '23: Hebrew, Chaldee, Syriar, and Hamnii tan, 22 each; Ethiopicand Tartarian, each 20*2: the Chinese, properly speaking, none. Amen] A late writer statcH, that it ha.'^ two accents ; but this I cannot admit, unless we allow ourselves to b'3 directed by the pronunciation of a parish clerk. Among] If I may be allowed to hazanl an opinion, I would apply among to the human race, and amongst to animals and things wlliiout lite. Amount of effects belonging to buitors iu Chancery le forty millions, sterling. RiMARE'.— Substituting an't lor am not, or have not, is low and vulsar. MANUAL ui ouiuoi:rv. 6 rtll-iliir.innn ill.jo-bra iill-lfi)t illo-O-yUrt ul-o-kwoi (ll-ka-lu aUla ul-lfitljo ul-o-lrio-yali al-Iizo ul.hi al.li ali-mund aiiiz ill-OZO all-thn o-inuHtnotit a-nia.l(!U-iir ilni.n.zuii iini.brd.zlic-a a.inOr.e-kii dn-u-gruni am-i)ow-zaii fin [i>nul.e>sid lii-ar-ko iistly Ko ; for it ia as ssmetit. but Yankee Dnoilh, supplied in »3wt ecu — ten trn jiots. Iienre tVhiMiall. II lilt" public Imll, a t black letter book, nvcd oiiHticks. 3yriac, and Hamnii ' spf'akiiii,', i;f>iie. ut udiiiit, uiilviM we mong to tlie liunmii sterling. Bar. (anot-o-me) a.niH.o.mtj Anatomy ,- art ol' di.sscctin/<')iiri.tjk.(loto Anemone,- a plant, tlio wind llower. ('.7<-t'.mo;K')a-ii('in-oi)-o An^lo,- Ji point where two liut;.< meet. an-^'ul Anjjora,- a city in A.sialic Turkey, (an-^oo.rah) ,m-i>,<'i.ra\\ Animalcule,- an inject. (///i.c-//u//-/r( w>-/(')an-(;.miil.kulo Anodyne,'' mil i;;atiii<^' pain, eaf^ing. (a-nvij-duii) .in-o.dMO Anonymoii.':,-' wanliii^ a name, secret. a min.o.inu.'j Ameriour,*' f^oing bdure. Now writieii anterior. nn.\.Gt-y at Anfhem,- a divine Hoiijfj:. Inlroditced in ^8(5. an.thoin Antipodes,'- ihe Zcalandors. Viil>. " Tliis was priz'd (appraised) to me." Apnea*) Its former ortliojirapli; , w/ir/cor/,-, is l)econie vulvar. Apron) To omit the transposition ofr, is now regarded asatiected. Arack) Made in IJatavia Ironi riee, and Goa from tlie juice; of tlie Cocoa tree. Arches cvurt) From St .Mary le- bow (de Areuhus) ciitnrh, wlierein il was llrst held. Aristocrate) Emanated from the Freneli revolution. Properly aristocrat. Arsenal) Speit tlins by the Italians ; but arerval when tiiixiii from the Greek. As) Is miseliosen in — " The lionso was to be sold rt.s- (on) tliis day. Arshcd (artos/it) Sucli words an; niiide monosyllables, and this is our harshest. Aristarchiis) A ^jrainmarian ofSanios, who wrote 81)0 dili'erent commeniarieH. Arrow) Its range isiiUO yds., but a Turk will often mnki' it 400. Arabians have no cetrporal punishment, but a siibstitntion of pernniary fines. Archibald Armf .iff, jester to Charles t., was the lastoni; kept by our kind's. Ardent Spirits) lis litt.-ral translation from the Chiprwa fonjjue, is liijuid Jire. Archdeacon] The first ap|)ointed in FnfTland was by Lanfranei; of Canterbury, 1075. Army fstniidin;;;] ori^'inaied with the garrison of Oovt^r Castle, In .((dm's reiijn. Arrive] Is folbtwed by the word c ; as — " I shall tirrive to (at) London to morrow Apples] As a dessert, are gold in the morinn?, silver at noon, livit copper atidf^lit. Arcadians lived on acorns, the Art^ivcs on pears, and tiic Alhcnians uu tigs : so late m Draco, Attic oblations consisted of fruits of the earth only. Areopogite Court at Athens, pmished cruelty tu animals with severity. CocKNEYiPMS : — " Have you arry ?"— " No— narry." The lirst word is meant h)t any> and the second, not one. Also, I aiiU, for 1 have, or am not. (ar-ri-ur-c) ar-rcer {arze.mil) ar.sun.cl {as)iv/. MANl'At OF OnTIIOEPY. y thcMp.ul trof) carji) )-stis) ippcl. on. prrin) rl-is) rctic, V rale e.til) Ml/) arch. iiids. r-tik. :-rei) rant. Icte. ur-c) ■mil) (as) ■cans, a-pos-tro-fo n.pdtlj.cker.ro a-potii.u-u-8is a p. pail ap.praizo a.pre-kot a.priin a.kwa.for.tis ilr.lik iir.ak a-rllh-mctik ur-a.bik ark.iiin-jel firtch.ez.kort ar-ke pel-a-go ark-tik argevv ar.e-sto.krat ar-raiie iif-rant ar-rawt ar-fecr ar-sun-cl tu put tkings aicay. I (appraised) to nie." ir. licctrd. ■■ ofilif Cocoa frno. wherein it was llrst held. ly ari.ilnrrat. II from tliu Greek. is (lay. tlii.s is our liarshoHt. rcrit coiiiiiicniariea. 00. illifTuninry fines. Lcpl by our kiuL's. ^■ue, xsliijuid jire. coofC.iMtcrhury, ]075. /e, ill JoIiii'b rciijii. at) Loudon to morrow I, luit copper ntiilglit. leuiaud oii (igs ; so late na li severity. rst word is meant hit any> I AsinarVj' belonging to an ass. Or asinine, us.se-nor.ro Ask,^ anciently ax: see bp. Bale et Chancer, asko Askance,''' sideways. AL«o spelt usliaunce. as.kanse Askew,' with contempt. Usually askew, ask-ycworas-kew Asparagus,^ a kind of grass. (sparagiis) as-par-a-mis Aspect,^ a look, air. Anciently acctd. a-.spcJd. as.pekt Asphodel,^ a plant, the day-Iily. {as.fo.dll) fis-fo.dcl Assafa3tida,2 a gum. I\Iuch abused, as-sa-fet.e.dah Assume,-'* to suppose. Improperly asshume. as soom Atrocious,'-^ heinous. Commonly a-trosh-iis. a-trO.ghus Attorney,*^ a proxy. There are 3000 in London, at-tur-ne Auld,^ old. Now obsolete, awld Authority,- legal power. Barbarously aniority. au.ilinr-e.le Axiom,2 a self-evident principle. Vulg. aksem. ak-slmm Ay,' yes. Thus anciently ; now written aye. a B. Backslide,^ to fall from. Formerly halc-slidc. bak.slide Bailiff",- a sheriff''s officer. Vulgarly hum -hail if hvi-Wi Bakery,- In America a baker's sliop. la-ke-re Balance,- what's due. Misspelt haUance. bal.unce Bandit,2 ^n outlawed robber. Or handitlo. brm.dit Banian. days,2 those in w^hich no meat is served, ban.e-yan-daze Bar,2 all barristers and special pleaders. bar Baronet,^ lowest hereditary rank. {harro-niie) bar-o-net Barrack,2In 1772 wo had 3, but now 302. bar.rik Bar Birth,2 rise, place. Improperly spelt berth, burtli Bladebone,2 scapular bone. Phticbonc, corrup. blade.bono Blarney," flummery. Ex. Blarney cx\.f^\.\e,Munster. bUirn-ney Block,2 American for many bouses in a row. blok Bluely,^ with a blue color, wanly. blcw-ln Boatswain,^ a s-bip officer. (bote-srm d: sieain) bosun Bombardier,- a bomb engineer. {bfim-a-deer) bum-bai-deer Bookkeeping,^ first trace of it is in 15tb cent, book-kcep-ing Borne," supported. Confounded with born, bourn Boss," American for mnster or employer. bns Bouquet," a bunch of lloucrs, nosegay, {poo-hcl) br>o-ka Bow- wow,2 coarse beef used by sausage makers, bou-wou Bcfti. Is confounded in pronuncintirn with lin, n repository for wine or corn. Bethlew. Inipropcrly Aed/dw. Note. Jictliiidl was ani:icnt\y licdtidll-frrcm. Birmingham. Styled fh.^ toyshop of Furopc, hy n deceased aiid celiibnited M.P. Bluclij. Here tlie «, beiiiu useless, slioiild he thrown out, ns in i/u/i/ iuul I. .ilij. Bouquet. Vulgnrly, and by afreet criers, called Imir-pots. As both u hort/i. Beer, ."ays a duty exceed iiii» the revenue of Bavaria. Is one of tho.<-s [doctor] in divinity. Created in I'iOO. Delphi. A city of Phocis, famous for Its oracle: formorly, but vulgarly written delphos. Demean (carrioge) Misused, by some writers and tlie people, to dclase or lessen. Dandy. A wliiskered non-dcscript, with check shirt,. jemmy whip, high stays, small hat. A word constantly used by Napoleon, to designate men who displeased him! Vulgarisms : — Kiimr, ukrtintli, skrowdj, kurn.s, kvs, humil. and kurtihc, for cove* •rusk, crowd, turiuvs, curse, coral [sea plaull '*'•'' courtrsij [civility.] MANUAL 01' OUTHOr.l'Y. 13 kun-Htrow kr.ii.iru.ro koii-u Hunso koro kos kofiii-siil kuw/i-le koo-reer kov-iin-gard.cn kuv-c-tus kre.clit Kow-bit kovv-kum-Iiur kfil-prit kcw rcos-e-to kur-nint zar dum-znn do-sese d(,'.sCm-vc-ri le-ko-rua o.file m.o.krat cflorn I, as rn-cijua!. in^c;-, a seller of np- ids. tell in ii city. TIiorc lip ill many of our •s37(iO years B. C. Ilopt'. «/•/ riothcs. r f.'arl. nany peoplo. rman, in 14G0. Iifir meaning, jny. 01. to fiO! y of Paris. Writers ■iieriilly say, they ly written delphos. nsr or lessen. pli stays, small hat. il liini. kurtthc, for cover Depute,'^ to send. Vulsr. dvpuiise, ct dcpmte. do-powio Deputy,- one who acl.s for nnothor. \\\\^y.dvhhu1^|i\^n^.yx\.\e Deuteronomy," book of the hiw. {^/)(j./tr.M/i.?w6)dow.tur.on.o.nio DiarrhoRU,- a Hux. Commonly di-rc-a. di,ar.re.a Dictioniiry,'- a word hook. Anciently dixnary. AVa.sXwxw er-ro Died,- expired. Dyed,- ctdored. dido Directer,- one who directs. Often spelt rfi/rcZor. de-rek-tur Disputable,-' uncertain. Com. dia-i>cw,.la-hid. dls-pew-ta-ble Divan,2the Ottoman council. Corruptly fZm//i. do. van Docile,^ teachable. Commonly do.cde. dos.sil Do^ma,- a tenet. PI. do'pnas, formerly dogmata, iidg.m&h IDojiger-Bank,'-^ a sand-bank in the North Sea. dog-ur.bank [Doll,- a puppet. Some critics write it doj. doll I D6wns,2 a road forsliipping olf the coast of Kent douns I Drawing. room," Properly vltltdra.vdng.room. draw-ing-rume Dressed,'' clothed. Usuallv dipt into drest. drcss'd Dribble,"'' to slaver. Properly dripph. dri'.i-ul Droujrht,'^ dry weather. Corruptly drouth, drout [Druid," a priest. Ofdoubtlul derivation, (fZn/c7e)drew.ud iDucat,2 a coin. First struck by dales, {du-hdt) Ank-nt flfDiiresse," constraint. Often spelt duress, dew-res Dupe," a person imposed on. Commonly doope. doupe Diamond. King of Portuci.l lias the largest in the world, valued at '224 millions. IHmissorij (letters) mean a title in one diocese, when ordained in another. />«?»n<'r of soup, meat, etc. is given in rooms, \Vc.-'-Smiihlield, for three pence. This fnote in former editions, lias caused many Biicli rnnms to be now opened in Loudon. Dingle, is a littie valley in u flat country ; a dell is that dingle ornamented. Dissect. There are eiijliieen dissect iuf! theatres in the metropolis, averaging a tliousand jiupils, each of wlioiii, before his anatomical studies arc said to be complete, must operate [upon three bodies. [ Dissenting clergyman, for that of miu/.vr. pk-fon-lrik Keli|)se,^ihe first is of the Moon 7*20. vwars h. C o.kli|>H Kclogue,- a ptvstoral or rural poem. {rk-l> ow.kuto Education,'-^ instructing children, (nldrhoshun) oil yew-kiishun EHectedj'^performed. Confoundotl with ajfcrtai. «f fiik-iod Eglantine,- a species of rose. {rg.ul.tinc) fg lan-iino Egotism,- self-praiso. Customarily egj^oliicm. fi.go.tiz-om Eiiher,"* one or the other of two. [vi/lhur) o.tluir Electary,- a medicine. I'»'operly cJrctnary. o.ltk.taro Elephant,- lives upwaids of 120 years, (ilifitnt)vl o-funt Elixir,^ a cordial. Corruptly eUkfthiir, (lexer, o.lika.ur Elysian,^ pleasant, exceedingly delightful. o.lizh zhun Embalm,^ to impregnate with spices. { full) omhmm Eminent,"* high. Confounded with imminrnt. CMu.onent Empoverish,^ to make poor. Form. Impoverish, om-pnv.uriah Empress,- an emperor's wife. Prop, empercss. cm-prcs Empty,^ to evacuate, throw out, expel, (pwj/)^) cm-to Enceinte,- near child-bearing. From the French ong-saint Encomium,- a panegyric. {in-komcyum) on koino-yum ■ ii- '4 •'i F.. Is tliewcond vowel, ami of n somewhat im|p|>ondont charnctpr. Voliuiru used to «ay, tliiU the English are the only nation that call their e, i, and their /, e. F.arth. Some call urth, vulgar. Formerly, and still by many peo])le, r-urth. r.ecentric. Denn SwItY either wns, or prelendfil to be ignorant of its meaning ! FMnburgh. Anciently vvrittcn F.dinboroughy hence its common pronunciation. F.ducate. Home orthuepis^ts maintain, edjucate. Edward ia vulgarised ed-urd. Effected. Its note applies also to the primnlive rffect. Either. Is Improper in "On either \earh] side tlit) river." Likewise, "./Frf either of IIh'm' books yoursl" Either being here equivalent to anyone, the sentence should be — "/a eiilict of these bofFks yours 1" The former of these errors is of frtiiuent occurrence both in bii cred and miscellaneous reading. Enceinte. Now supplies the place o( en famille. Eat. To eat three times a day was thought prodigious among the ancient Romans. Elegant. Its promiscuous use is vulgar, as "F.lrgaiit weather, elegant [Jine] day." Elector of Ilesse, from subsidising, is the richest German Prince. In our treai'iea Willi him, tJiree wounded men are accounted as one killed, and paid for accordingly. Elephant ir Castle, St. l*m, imhracp, &.C. Entirety. Iiiipruiierly iimdi; four HyllahleH in proininciaiiori. It is a comprebcnsivv word. Kntire ih nil Irinh .iiiliHtitute for whole, M"l Kot the r(iviii(-.ial» employ it for intercut, as the people dnempt for empty. Envelope. Frcquentlp iniMtuken for the verb envelop \rn-Bel-np\ to enwrap. Environ. Home attention Ih neceesary to avoid itn culliiiion witli tlie noun. Envy. The Scotcli ntill rail it en vi-e. Epitaph. Often so cxapiferated, that a French proverb snys, — " It lie» like an cpiiapli." Erase. In some eHtabllHhnieiitti, especially the Dank of liliiKlnnd, an erasure is not per- mitted ; but if an error be made in tlie debtor cash account, another is pur|M)sely uiitiired on the credit RJdi; to balance it. Knip(!ror Caligula, suiiianied from the honts which lie wore, to please the soldiery. England. Her doininioiiH comprise 4,(KM),<)U<) ceoKraphical square miles, witli a popula- tion of i:)7,0(M),0fl0. She has 4(),(M)() ieajjues of well ki^it roods, aOUO of canal, and 2.500 ots iron railways. Her church has six and a lialf million lieaieitu, whilst tlioseof all Euro- pean christians are two hundred and two millions. Knfilish While V^^are, orieinatod from a imtter •icrchnnce seeing burnt flint reduced to fine white powder ; he took the hint, mixed it with his clay, and succeeded. Note .—Er is an Finglish terniinntion; or from the Latin ; ar and ard borrowed from the French. First improvers of our language were Chaucer and Sir J. (Jo wer, in the 14lh ' century. 1 'i 16 MANUAL OF onxiioni'v. Eschew,'* to flee, avoid, oppose, shun. os-tsliuo Escnitoire,'^ a desk upon drawers. {<'-s-kru-iw)oa.]irix.\vro Escutcheon," a cout or bad«^o of arms. es-kntHh-shun Espial,"* a spy, a person sent out to spy. cs.pi-al Espionage," the ofiice of a spy. (CA-pm-cr/;)cs.pc.un-awjo Esquimaux,'-' country in N. America, {cskcinox) oB.ke.mi') Esquire,^ a title below a knig'at. cs-kwiro Etc.,- a contraction of et calcra. oicft-e-ra Etiquette,^ polite ohscrvai.ce. (cf-fi./.v/r/Oct-in.kot Etui,^ a case for tweezers. (y^'Oet-wo Etymology,- the true derivation of word.s. ot-o-mol-o.jo Eulogiuni,- encomium. As cidogi/, or ^/oifc. yo^v-lorljo-um Eupepsy,- a good concoction, or digcsition. yCw-pop-so Euphony," an agreeable sound. (.'/"^/-'"i-^) yCw-fo-ne Euphrate.",- a river of Mesopotamia (//'{/'■a'V.') yow-fra-toes Euripus,- perpetual fluctuation. {i/cw.rlp.us) yu-ri.pus Euroclydon,^ a tempestuous north-cast wind, yew-rok-lu-duu European, 3 belonging to Europe. (i/u-roi)r-yuii)yo\v.TQ.\H'-an Eurydice,- the wife of Orpheus, {(jtlw-rcdif/e) ycw.rld.o.so Evergreen,- a shrub, the ivy, cypress, &.c. Ov-ur-grcno Pwe,* a female sheep. Vulgarly culled jjo you. Exactly,''' accurately, nicely, finely, (<'^•.^ac^/^') oks-act-lo Exaggerate, 5 to heap up, aggravate. eks-ad-jar-uto Exceeding,^ surprising, excessive, great. eks-sfed-inj^ Excern,^ to separate by straining out. {eks-urn) ck-surn Kaehrip. A tnlciitcil writer i.s of opinion thni it Hliotild ho pronoiincnd cs-kew. ' F.scuUheon. fleraldry (intcK its orifMn iVoiii the liolti war. Espionage. Would be lioiter rcprtt-iMitcd liy an ori},'iii!il of our own — cspirry. Escheat\cs-tskrtc] Tills word, wiili tlioso, of cst/ich/o?' and f«c//rw, not being derived from the learned lungua^uEi, liavur/t iirnnonnccd in tliR Kiiglisli manner. Esquire. Thoae who possess an ollico of ,1001. per anninii under g()»ernini'nt, or an es- tate of 5001. a year clear, are entitled, by ronrlesy, to the rank of <•.•<»/. It was tirst UBfd by gentlemen of fortune in ]!)-!5; and is usually so introduced as to det'y connexion — namely, Thomas Thorn, of Osbaldistone I'aik, near Truro, in the county of Cornwall, £sq. — instead of beiiiR, as it oupht, subjoined to the name. Etiguette. Not in Dr. Johnson, because unknown on the appearance of his dictioiiary. Euripus. Comes from Euripus Eubnicus, that ebbs and flows seven times in a day. EurocUjdnn. Called the seamen's plague. The same which proved so troublesome to St. Paul and hla companions. European. Agreeably to nnnlo(!y, s-hould be accented on the second syllable. Evergretn. A bush composed of ever^rcjcns, and set against a house, atx'iently denoted that wine was sold within : hence the proverb, " Good wine needs no bush." Exaggrrate. Improperly pr(uinnnced with the doiil.ile/r hard, as cks-tiggur-afe. Exceeding. Is usually accepted for ricriiinghj^ both by writers and sneakers, as — " He » exceeding Wl." Vreviou.^ is also mischoscn in the same way; as — "Previous [previ- ously] togoinii." Tills applies to other words of the same character. Eumenes. le improperly pronounced in Iwn, when it should be three syllables. Every ones eLscs, for every one else, is a common barbarism : if itidicaling possession, is a bad phrii^, should then be— .Every one's nwn. MANUAL 01' ouriiocrT. IT cks.fpJiilnjo cksrliGk-ur cks».kriHj.o-tat.ok.n.iur Exempt,* to free from incnmbranct;. oks zCmt Exem|)tion,- immunity. (ehs.'^nnp-fthan) cks-c'in-sliun Exequies,'-^ funeral rites. ^ "Ig* f/i.v-<'-Aw.v. ok-Bo-kwcH Exifjuous,^ diminutive, slender. {r/:s.ijij-yjfs)e\ia.ifr.u.\\a Exile,''* banishment. Corruptly ckfi.ziJc. eks iln Exody,- a departure from a place. uks.o.do Expenso,'-' charnro, cost. Missprlt rxprnrr. nkflpt'oso Export,-'* to send out. Misaccented as the 2. cks-ptirt E.-cnott,- any thing carried out in tradic. Cks.porl? Expostulate,"' to canvass with another, to debate, oks-pos-tu-lato Expugn,^ to take by force, to overpower. eks.puno Extempore,* without study. Vulg. r/is.f/m-porc. oks- to tn.pur.ro Extortion,- an unlawful exaction, oppression. ckB-tor-shun [n Extraordinary,-' more tlian common. eka.tra.or.tlincr. I'iXuvifp,- marine bodies found in the earth. cks-zii-ve-o Eye,- a town in Suflblk. Commonly called aye. i Eyelid,- that which closes the eye. Mid Eyesight,'-* the sense of soeini>-.' i.sito Eyre,* the court of justices itinerant. (err.) nro Eyry,- a place for tlio nests of birds of prey. a.ro M J r.Tchavirr. Is rojnrtcd, •iinong viilmr poi'sons, Cm- tlic vory low word of smnp. Ki.i-lie(iai:r. IfH liiw ciimt whs ('iccifil hy ilid CoiiqiKTor, al'tor Iloliii of Normandy; and go limned from tli-' party coloured I'lolli covcrinf; itslalilo. Kxcisr.. 'Iliu stroiis; innaniii<; wliit:ii i'r. .Inlinsoii (mis upon tliis word, nroso from the cirniiiiiHtaiico of liis father beiiifr m.'iirly riiiiu'd l>y cxci-c prosttcutions. y.Tccutir ixmX Kxcnitor. Uaroly rlioseii correctly. Tin; Parisian rxrcvtionrr is bettfir paid than tlie President of tlie Royal Court: and wlieii lately vacant, llirto wore 187 ap- plicants, chiefly liiitclieis and old soldiers. Kirmpt. In mUitary nffaim, means a Tjifei^nard'a m^n wlio \a pxnisfd doing duty. Clergymen travelling iipondnty, if no residence, are exempt from inrnpikes. Eritf. The verl) has the sainn strets, hut it.s adjective Is accented on tie, RfMilii. Hence the appropriate name of the !!(>c>)nd book of Aloses. Kxpostulate. A late wriK^r says, rkx-pon tshu late ; and is cleiirally followed. F.xfrnt in aid. Seizure of property for the crown, by a writ called nn cwmt. f'.rt raordinririj. Viil^nrly iitrawnary ; and by low liondoners, extrordnary. F.xuriiB. Also old clothes; the slougli of a snake, hidn of a beast, or spoils in war. Kxigtiiis. A Scythian abbot, livit!<; at Rome, A. D. 5:)(), first adopted the rliristinn.«r«. F.zcaitinns. Their average ncniher in the roian of Henry VIH., was SIMM) annually. I'.'jr. Formerly spelt aye, an ' ailed the island, because surrounded by n brook. Note :— Exclamations that moan noilunj; as "gosdncss mr" " la morfam," Bliould bo »voWed. D 18 MANUAL OF OKTItor.rV. P. Fuble,5 to invout ; '*an instructive fiction. fu bcl Fabulous,'* fci;;ii(;d, invcntutl. ( fu-bciv-lun) C,ib.yu\v.)na Fucotious,'J rf;iy, cliccrlul, liiir.ior.somo. ia.ho..lmH Faction," ii parly, tinniilt, b.tuii(iuij, tJioCorJ. Ibk.Mliua Factious,'' liiuJ and violent in u party. fulv.Hliu8 Factitious,^ inucio by art, crxintorl'cit. (fah-shus) tali-iiali-khug. Fainly,:j weak. W'ust oI'Iuii^IuikJ l^iu. liunt-o Fairtbrd,^ u small lown in (iloucocsttiHiiiio. larc-furd Fallacious,-' deceitful, producin/r u niistaUo. fuMa-HliuH Falsehood,- a cheat. Mis»\H'.\t fuUhoofl. fawIs.liooU Famillc,''^ the family. Prop. ca-l\i>ii'dh:. (full) I'n.mwl Famous,'' renowned, notiMl, ii.,5!iiifi;tii.slied. fa-mus Farewell,' adieu. Is subject to four variations, tare.wul Farinaceous,'' mealy, resembling or like meal, far.in.ubhua Fasces," rods borne before ilie eon.>sn!s. (Jas-sLs) iVis.Hooz Fascine,- a faggot, bundle used in war. (j'us-iu) lUs.buoa Fatiguc,2 weariness, labor, toil. fa.tGo|f Fatner,2 one who, or that which jjivcs increase, fat.nur Faulhorn,3 a Swiss mountain 8,140 feet hi<:!i. fa,wl.urn Fault,'-^ a crime, mistake, oli'ence. (7"/0 f'*^^'' Fealty,- homage, fidelity, loyalty. (Jai'-'c) fo.ul.to Fearful,^ timorous. hn]-roperly /'cv /ii7. loor.ful Feign,^ to invent. All"ectcdly^<'r/j. funo Feigned," pretended, devised. {J'caii'd) faiio'd F, varies only In of (ou.) factious niid Factitious. TlinKC whn so striiiicivly cive tluHo words one uud tliu satiio proniini'iittioii, i'Kr<'gioii)ly ereclt'd to ifceivt- llit'ni, by Joliii 'riinii-, ji nu;r<'liaiii, in III" n'i«n of Henry Vll. Famous. A late writer, in uu); of lior |iiil)li<'ulii>ns, iiu>4 dc\'(;!i'tl ni\ cntiiu iiagu to ubusu tills word, an nii>an and low. It is liy no uit'uii.s .so truatrU in oiii' tiuio. .Varewell. Those variulionri iuv, fard iti I, j ar-wi /. and _/'«;• wi/. Fashion. Writers upon unniiialicij liave a far'liiiiii ol producinu tlieir prnofu from our best authors; neither allowinu for ilieajjc in wliich tlicy wrote, nor the errors wliicli iui' JiercRptibly glide inio innltiplied edition.^'. An tlil.s lend.s to dihiii.ioli uur retipecl fur tliu dboruof th(! scientilic, it dcseiN en s.-vere aiiiiuiiilveihioti. Fatvci: This orthoyrnphy is vnlpar; ii shoiiM bi> j'.iUi nrr. Fault. Aithon^h ortht)ep)sit< omit tin' I to tlic i>roiiuncialionurtliid word, yuta latconc, questions their decision and calls it vulvar. Fealty. Some orthocpists make it only two syllables, /«fji-tr. Fearful. A celebrated orilioepiHt tiiiytifinful itr ftrfnl ; which i^ (in AniPrlcaii ism. Fees (amount of) on induciion to a iivinu, in Liniolnshire, of lOUI. a year, is 'HH. Fates, the three daughters of IVox and Krebus, — (Jlotlio. Laclicsi.s, and .\lropod. Faulhurn. On whiuh there in a tavern, tln.'nee called the hif^hest in Europe. Fairs and Markets were instiiuleil in Kiiifluad, by Alfred, about the year tJ8(i. Farm, (.'cuius from /cur/Mf;; /j/viiii.>^/t, because supplying its owner with food. Fudt-duys are annually pruclaiiucd by authority, in many of the American (States. ^^OTK '.-Wc arc much burdened with two meanings for Uie Kimo thing, asfatijucd, tir'd. MAXUAT, OF onriror.rr. 10 { jv.ro fth.r.tr) fo.ros.Fo-te Short, far-til. rrir-iilo Fell,' to ktiocic or beat donn. f«l rellow,'- an CMpial. FrliHr is a CorlxDoyism. f, ilo Folon,'^ onn puilty of foloiiy. (.'orniptly /V'-///;?. fri.iun I'clonioiM,-' villnitious. Yulg^arU' ftl-litn-ux. foiono yuti Folt," coiirso wool tM mnkn hnfs. fnlt IVnco,- a ;rnar(l, .si'i'iirify, niclosurc. fvritor pives thf r n lonrr open pound ( .frrf-j hut is not follnwfd. Fertile 'J'lie short nrri'iit, !IH iihovn, is ninut iniproppr." Tlie fertility of Eevpt is BUCb, that it r(!(iuirf'B m- niucli rare to prevent plants choaiting carh otlutr, ns in other countrira to cultivate the soil. Fitiis. Its Coinii'r orthoj:rppl;y, /()"f?(.o, isohsoletn. Tho saipo applies fo/rr irf. Fever, lis Tiii'al days .-ire lliV :t(l, Tiih, Till, iltli, Jlth, 1-Jtli, 17tli, and iJdth. Fewer. I should linaL'liie tins word lo be better, and certainly more correct, than less, in the phrase — '• \o/ ..•s than a liMudred." Fiacre, (a Parisian hack) bpcnnse .S7.J7arrris painted on the ro?nh panel. Fci. lin) aud Cairo, llie hueeiu are so iiairuw, that even two camels cannot pass abreast. !ifutijued, tir'd NoTt::— Tho rominnnnp«s of rertain Onclfneyjpms scattered throughout 77ie Manual, is not to he adduced as an nrjiiiineiit for their omission ; ^ince, from the peculiar organi- -rntion of the state, all ranks of tin? couiiniiniiy are incessantly inti>riningling. Moreover, Londoners are too apt to value thenisclves upon their correct speakiiii', and to imagine that those only are in fault who would attempt to convince them that they are so. 20 MAMAL or ORTIIOKI'V. Fictitious,' couiiteifuit, iulsp, empty. (_//A-*A(/a) fik-tish-shui Fiddler," a musiciuii. Wrongly sjiclty/a'/tr. fid.lur Fiducial,^ confident, certain, steady. fi.dew.shul Fief," a fee, manor, homat^e. (.///) feef Fieldfare," a bird of tiie thrush kind. (/«//) fcl.faio Field-marshal,- connnandcr of an army in the field inar-shul Corru[jLly find, fccnd ieort-o H fite field. Fiend,* a demon. Fierce,** savage, ravenous vehomeii!; Fig,'^ a fruit. There are '27 varionos. Fight,2 a battle, combat, duel, contest. Figure," a number. Coarsely Ci\\\Q<\ fig-gurAig mv Figured,^ formed, cast, represented. tig.urd Filberd,^ a kind of fine hazel-nut. {Jil-bird)i'i[.\)UTt Filial,"* belonging to, or becoming, a son. filyul Fillip,^ to strike with the (in;;or nail. fiMip Filtration,- the act or art of filtering. (ii-truslma Finance,''^ a revenue, income, prutit. (/e.«cr»Ae) ii-nuntz Financier," farmer of the revenue. {Jenaiishur)iuna.n.iihvot Finesse," artifice, siratagem. • {fuU)iin.cas Finis,2 the end ; conclusion of a thing. (JinLsh) fi.uis Finish,^ to perfect, coni[»lele, end. fln.ish Fii'st,*"* chief, (jusl) F'tmlly ia barbarous. lurst Fitz," a French word signifying son. fits Flaccid, 3 lax, weak. Corru|illyy/rtA'.,9/(/. ihik-sid Flageolet,^ small flute. Also written //tf^f/e/. fladj.cl.ut Flagitious,^ very wicked. [Jla-git.vs) fla-gish-shui Flambeau," a wax light or torch. V\. Jlambcaux iiixm.ho Fictxtiou!'. BonxHiines ppi'lt./fr'/.-'irf ; but so raroly, as to lie uliiiost o^ *<>l(rtc Fiduciiil. M\ii- vorb/roj/', whicii ist-e. Fierce. Also c&lh'd /i(!tc. ay lo tilt) bar and on g of Franco. !s at once, Keiiorally avemge nunibur of f the white, red and (lilMM. c! of Argvlo. ml iibout 1200. linyV, 2<» sorts. I the; verb, as I'iti-roy. II U'tiV. One of the s only were printed. II. .), 16(i5. with febev cry, far' ilfSii. Flatulent,-'' windy, pully, empty fliit-yew-lent I Flea,- u small insect of remurkublo a<:;ili(y. fle Fleain,^ a cattle doctor's Uincot. Xu\<^.Jlca7n. flome Fletcher,- one who makes hows and arrows. flutsh-ur Flf.\ioii,~ the act ofheiidiiig, cast. (Jleks-ijun) iiak-nhun Flicker,^ to 'lutter, play the wiu^rs, laugh. flik kur Flight,- running awiiy, escape, sally. llito p'loat,^ to swim on the surluco, deluge. floio Flop,'"' to move tho wings. Flap is hetter. flop Florin,'-^ a coin first made hy tho Florentines. flor.rin Florisfj^ono who cnltivales flowers. {Jli)r.riiil)i\onfii Flosculous,-' com anis )osed oC, or like, flowor.s. fl(3s-ku-lu9 Flota,- the Spanish plate licet, lurmerly sent an- nually lo ihe West Indies. iir..ia Flour,- corn groiuul. {^ftow-ur) Hoa-ur Floiirisli,'' to thrive, boast, adorn, cut. lUir-ish Flue,- soft down ; the |)ipc o(" a chimney, flew Fluxion,- a flowing of humor.s, a melting. liuk.shun Flyblow,^ to fill with maggots. {fe.blo){]i.h\o Foal,- tho offspring of a mare. {fo-ul)fo\e Foanj,^ to gather I'rotli, he in a rage. foino Fob,'' to cheat, trick, defraud. A low word. fob Fodder,'- food for cattle. Anciently /b//^c/•. fod-nr Folio,'-^ a book of two leaves lo a sheet. fo.lc o Folk,- people coilociivcly. (full) foke Foolscap,- a head dress worn in schools. ibolskap Foot,- a measure of length. Vulg. fut. foot Footsoldier,- origin, with a Spanish infanta. fuot.solo-jur Thttulrvt. Its flist fonr letters are, for tiio most pjirt, convcrtnd intoJlotsAi Vlay. Tostrip off tlie skin : id vulgarly proncninced as if wiitten^cu. VIca. Cbwe observers s;;y it leaps a thousand times its own lengtli. Also a verb. Flc.ih. The terin/csAniarket, in Scotland, means butchers' shambles, or stalls. Flctc/icr. The trade was lirst "xercised in I'^imlaiid, about the year lOtiG. i'ttiat. In some of our lie.vicons, the piouunciaiion is chosen for its onhojiraphy, an in- novation hl;;lily untenalile : hence thi, student is not only to be vigilant aufaiust a falsD urtho('|iy, but inindt'nl also that he is not <>i|ually misled by a bad orthography. Vlofin. A coin of uncertain value : whilst in (Germany it passes for 4s. Od., in Holland it fetches only 2s., and (!(|ually fluctuates in all the petty slates upon the Continent. Florist. If we follow its ori;:inal, should be short, nn florid anil Jlor in. Flour. Ur. .Tohnson, under the article, /iuiccc, admits this as its orthography. Flowers- Ttieir perspiration is considerable, much greater than in man. FofT. In 18i:i-14, one set in on Chrislmas-day, which lasted till February. Folio. Properly sigrillics a leaf, but frecpiently confounded with page. Folk. The addition of .v is becoming freiiuent, though uncalled for. Foolsrnp-papir : because the water-mark is a zany's head : cap and bells. Fools ofilie I'Vench ICings, were ani'i(;ntly supplied fromTroyes, in Champagne. ^^or. Often UHcd superfluously, " its nut Iuwt'u)/ur to put tliuiu iu tho truutiury.'* y; *^ir -i ■H Si 32 MANUAL OF OUTIIOEPT?. !l Forage,^ food, search for provisions, (for-idj) ftr.edj Forehend,2 upper part ot the head. ( fw//) for.hed Foreign,-' of another country, not domestic. for.in Foreigner,^ belonging to another country. fdr.in-cr Foreknow,5to know beforehand, to foresee. fore.ro Forensic,^ belonging to judicial courts. fo.rensik Forfeit,- forfeited, liable to seizure. lor.fit Forfend,^ to prevent, hinder. if^Kf'^'^^) foreft'nd Forger,^ one who forges. Corruptly ./br^rrrrr. fore-jur Forlorn*^ destitute. Improperly /br.7o///7. for.lnrn Form,*^ shape, beauty, elegance. form Fornicator,* an adulterer. Usually ybrmVia/or. for.neka.tur Fortin,^ k small fort. furt.in Fortune," chance, portion, riclios, estate. fr.r.fshunc Forum,~a court of justice, market placc( /^ir-r?/;??) fo.rum Fosse,^ a ditch, or moat. Comnjonly _/)///. fos Fosseway,- a great Roman road in Eng. {full) fuss.wa Foundling,*^ an exposed infant. {fond-lin) ^oMnA.Wrt^ Fourbe,- a tricking fellow. French /or7>». foorb Fracas," tumult, uproar. Vulgarly /"m-Aer.*?. fra-kiiw Fragile'^ brittle. {fi'i|Mited, Imf l>y those who ravil with a straw. Fovgki. And he/« (fnvtrht). The iVecitieiipy oCthi.« iinpnrity may well excuse its tip- (icarance here, exclusive otanothe'nphnienf, is ^..^Ofl.tKHJ men. Forgrrits. Average los« ot'the liank ot'Ensland hy Ibrserierf is 40,iK)(tl. annually. Fracas. Introduced from France, liy our annual iiii^rations to and iVum thence. French. The last French war, eiulins 1HI.5, aul oTul.fli* garish gfi-hi gfuliiks.se gfi.len gal.) lint gnl-Iant gal.lnnt-ro gnl-liiiie gal.li.aiz-cm gnl-lune g.ll.lo-wa gal-lus ga-losho gill.vnn-iz.em gfuii-Tiiur Fiiturr. Ponio wrifers, lint not c<^nprnl1y. civp it llic lonsFnnnd nffr.w-t.i7iii>r. Vntiirittt- Tho \v.x\vr t preserves its pure Hniind in tliis woid, lull not in tliut tyf future ; because the accent follows in tlio IbinuT, and precedes in Ilie littler. O. Is silent before w, on beginninf words, n'^ gnnsh {nnfi!i). VUniMXPf arrnrdinu to posi- tion, as! ii: llie wou eive (ju-iji), Aruives (nr-Jiri-.i.) We have cenerally a strong pro|>ensity to pmnonnce ir liaid in this word, as thai o\' frirr ; ff, or t/J is its soft sonnd. (lad. Also applied, by the Arabians, to whatever they esteem liood and benefirenf. (faia. Some diversity of opinion pv'vails as to the pronuNriation of this word, arising from onr excessive fondness for the Trench accent. Tie above orthoepy is that of our best speakers. Galaxy. Some writers make the first ■ in tliis word short, whilst I have mia'Tle it long, as above", conceiving it to be tlie best nsaye. It is produ(>'d by an innumerablo number of invisible stars. fialen wrote ilOO books, 30 of which were burnt aloncr witn the Temple of Pcacf. Callant. Its derivative, ^aZ/i:?!*;-;/, retains the sani(( accent as its primitive, in opposi- tion to tlie adjective preeedinpr, with which il '< Mstornarlly cont'eiinded. (raHoir.v. The last .syllablf, like that ofbelliirs, is corrupted lieyond recovery. Galley wnnil. Common, Unnifoid, losses, vulparised, by low rustics, ^«//«jf,s-j/i(7rt/?. Galloway. Su[)posed issue of a stallion ttiat swam ashore from thn S|)anish nruiadn. Galvanism. Discovered acciilenlally by professor M. (Salvani, of I'olognn, in lialy. Galnchc. Formerly obsolete, but now resiori'd. IVoi in .Inlmsun. Claming-hnusri. 1'hoS'" of Paris pay the government a tax of 0,50,0001, annually. .1 ■.-»^.»» ii . imir. i iiM< i WB i| Wii |i iwwiWHK««i«ff~~»-»»«> MANUAL or OUTUOKl'V. 3& Gamut,'-' llio first note. Invented in 1020. gam.mut (ianpieno,- a mortification. Vul;;. gdnrr-grvn. gun. green Gantlet,' a n-.ilitnry pnnisliment. 'J'lie i)r()j)«>r gani.lot word is gaiUelopc. lmpro]K'r\y itratrnt-Ict. Gaol,- a prison. Some {ormally cjill it x,'-o/^;. juil Gnpe,'"' to open tlio mon li, yawn. ^ nlo-. sranp. jf^pe )ge>k Gelly,-'' a sizy broth. Generally spelt jc//?/.jciio Gclder-rose," a plant. \'u!;2;arly f;il(lcr-rosc. yi-i.dur-roso Gentian,- a bitter plant. Gorru})tly ;c/?/.yii/i. jcn.sliun Gemini," the twins, also a vulgar inlcrjccfion. jGrn.me-ne Genealojiy,- ("amily history. Vnlg. /fiA/li/oyr.jon-e-al-o.jo General,^ usual, common. Corruptly 7,'n-rj//.jfiii.er.al Genet,- a small Spanish horse. (./i/i/7)jcn.et Geneva," the spirit of juniper. {jrn-e.vah)je.iice.vuh Genial,'' tendin<^ to cheertlilncss. (./Vv; -?/«//) jc.ne-yul Genius," wit, talent. { je-nufi)jc. ne-us Genuine,^ original. In AmericaJe/i-M-me. jen-yew-in >I. nnnually. €!nnl. Its ortlioepy is rommonly siilif^fitiifod for its nrthnjrnphy. Gape. lis pr(ii;iiii('iniii>M is iilsd rniitouiiiieii wlili tliai of fra/i, h linle in tlie wall. Ciascnnudc. Frmii Ww (iiiHcons, k ixiwiud lor \\w. i(l(nliri'> of s( iiso .'iiul courage. Oamlkiiul. An eqiinl division ot" lauds. Tim an. Iimu ciisMiin oftiic kingdom; which Hill li'iimins ill Kt'iil, Urr/ionjii Id, llcicloid.-hirc, juid i^oinc otlitT pnrlb. Gazette. J'Mrst priiiicd in Itnly, and imini'd nt'ter the VAiictian coin, ^azcfta, ita origi- nal price. ForuKirly, and l)y l>r. .lohnsoii, acc<;nl('d on the first syllahlc. (}aictt!'>'rs. Old ones lin.sli tln'ii- (!iscri|itlon of a place, tlins — "Distant from London 10 computed (ill.t Is, as the crow tiles) and HO mvaxurcd. miles." Gniiicif. Tlie Koni.ms liad three sorts, naniely, sacred, honorary, and ludicrous. Gardni (rn:t)iM Rome, was tiiatol '/'ari/iiiiiiis .S«()('/-/jh.«. The exotics in ours are 11970. Gun for liriraii is, in iiii'.ny diclnniaries, disirihiiled amoiijrst their regular words. Oass liglit^ t\\' LondiMi consume upwards of 40,(MM) chaldmiis of coul annually. Any faciory re jiapal court when tlie Pope conferred the I'''orUinate Islands (the Canaries) upon the king uC Spain, iinrried lionic in alarm, to inlbrai his yuvernniunt Uiat the Prince of Spain liad heen made King nf Kiialand. Oiblctn. Here g sliifts to its soft sound, which perplexes tlic tinlearned. (iill. When part of a fish, the i is tlHMi pr()nonn(:e!), and that 10,120 yards. Gla.ttonbury-thorn, at ihc abbey, Somerset,— because it blossoms on christmusday, is called the holy thorn. Here were found, in 1189, the remains of King Arthur. Gladiatorial diversions, borrowed from the ./l.iiatics, were put down by Ifunorius. Glutton. As Albinus an ancient British Fmjieror, who sometimes ate 500 flgs, 100 peaches, 20lbs of dry raisins, 10 melons, ami 100 oystiMs for breakfast I Glaus was first used as windows in the third century of the christian trra. Gloucester. Usually written ^/H.'tcr. Gloving I'or glove trade is barbarous. Gloria Patri. Because the first two w«)rds were performed in Latin. Onijinallj' »f- ipninted by Pope Damaeus : and first used in '38^. MANT'aL OV OIJTIIOEI'T. UM l,,l/!i, id\hi}r of I'aractacus. iionc. Should be .substituted tor .v nt, in tlie jilirnse-' hdui;, had, or having went. God naoc the Khifr, is of (loiibil'iil orii.in, but was ':) i| M MAMAL or oiiTTiorry. Gretna Grcen,'^ in DutnlVics.Mh. l*ro]». Graitncii. Grievous,*' alrlictivo, heavy. Vuljiij. grcev-yus. Grits," the coarse part of meal, .sand. Groals,2 oats witliout tlie luill. (grovia) Grigj^a small lively eel ; merry fitllow. Grocery ,=^ in America, a lea dealer's sliop. Groundsel,- a bird plant, ('oiinuoMly ^'•/•w/t.5///. Grog,2si)irits and water: sailor's beverage. Gross,^ thick, bulky. -{inpropcrly called gros. Grotesqiie,-^ comical, ridiculous, odd. iji'^i) Groiip,^ a clusier. Some spell its verb gniuj c. Growth,'-^ vet>Gtation, product. {grotk) Guaiacum,- a physic, wood. Written and called guiacam. Guard,^ a watch. AiTectedly ge-ard. Gudgeon,- a lish, bait ; ^nc deceived. Guinea,2 an English coin. Tirst coined in 1GT3. Gymnastic,"^ relating to athletic exercises. Gyves,- chains ibr the legs. Corruptly gecves. H. Halcyon,^ peaceful, happy. (hal-shnn.) Hades,- classical name for hell. {haids) Haggler,2 ^ slow bargainer ; origin, o^hh^glcr. Hallelujah,2 " Praise (Jod." Also Alkhtjah. Gretna Green. Alinut four milr.= firm T.niyistnirn, riiiiilnrriaiiJ. Ttie eci vices of it« tKt-intniiA parson tniiacroniKty nrc liiiiiliiitt only in Scolland. Grits and Groal.f nrv oficii coiiloiiiuli'd, liiiii in wiiiijin and sprakino:. Grocer (teadfuhr) Vfii[» r\y frros.i. r, biiani-c iipplicd Kt a ilcalcr hy lUo frrn.is. Grub. Formerly grape, now iiiiltoii-if\ ; at (in« linic inliabitrd l>y \\ litiTs of liulfppnny ballada, penny liiijtorii.':^, Old Ballfy spccciitj-, ^c ; lienct; ilii- rpiilni iirii!>-.-c. Jiunilet,'* SI small vill.ijre tiisit li.is no church. Ilaiid,' pint ot" the body, also 4 inches. Handy,** roarly. Nnw out of I'asliicn. llaidt,'-' a slioin of ihrc^ad. lin named by Jolm Hunks, a celebrated IJrabant rnanulacturer. hank Ifarangnc," an oration ; ''' to make a speech. biir-ranjj Haricotj-a rajjout made olstcalis iJ^c roots, (y*'//) har-rc-ko Harier," a do^ for hnntinj^ bares. Prop, harrier, inir-ro nr Ilarleqtiin,' a lively bnlluon. {/lur-Ie-kunn) unrAckia Harsh,-' austere, roii<;h. ^'ul;||,arly //fw/i harsh Hat,2 first worn by Ch.irlc^s 7tii on enter. Koiton. iiat Haugh,- low meado-A'. Jlaw-hnw is a lietter word, haw jiaulm,- the straw of pease, beans, A:c. {fiill)hawm Haunch,' the thigh, hip. Inipronorly hawria/i.iiansh Haunt,- a place of resort. Vulgarly htnvni. liaunt Hautboy- an instrument, strawberry. {hmvf*op) ho-hoy Hautgout,^ any strong scent. Corrupllyyii///. Iio.goo Heard,*' perceived by the ear. (hcurd tSc hard) hard Hearse,^ a carriage for the dead. Cor. hcrse. hurse Hearth,- |)lace on which fire is made. (//«r//<)h'U"th Hebraist,^ one skilled in Hebrew. (7/fi-6m-w7) bi'b la.ist Hallow. Tis pnrtiriple in tlie Lord's prayer is improperly prnnnuncctl hnllow'd. JJaiiL-itrr. Spi-cit-s ol'rnt wliosu licnit, in vviiili'r liuats 15, liiit suiiiiiii;r 150 times a minute. Uarpir.t. Tlirct' iiioiisHirs tiowii hy ilii' riiinics of AcIN), (^rla'iio, and Ocypt'te. Hanging out slgii.f, ciiiiK^ iVoiii ilic IvoiiiiiriH : i.bolitilK'd in Eiiglniid liy Guorue 11. Haiigli. JiOt-t Cor iii»i'iJ in nncli wordn ;is Vit-Juniirh ; hut tlic iiaiurni pai-cnl ot'ha?ofiaw. Hamlits-tomrr ; jiro lliosi; of I\lil<-i;iid, t)ld and rs'cvvTowii, Old Ford, liutlinal Green, etc. and cdntniri ii populatldn of :t(i(),IMi() pi'iie, dnriiii! coniluental wars, Una e.ty is tlie nucleus of false rumor and report. Itscalliedral lian re;>nlnr stnll»> for the sale of lionks. Hammerrlolh. T lie coac'liman'w s^eat, is a supposed corruption of Aainpcr-r/o^A. Jfam : bepinidnc or endiii<: the lunne of a place, means house, strei^t, or village. Hami of Westphalia are esteemed the hest ; a H'f^t/ifialiav mile is 12,151 yards. Hare and he : by iheir aid the form f)f our veibs may be ex(endi;d to 540 variations. Im|>ersonal verbs, says a German pliilolo^ for Mighbury barn, near Islington. ' (".ii !• m i 90 MASiAL or oiriiioKfr. licigh-ho/" tlonolitv^ >!li:;lil uneasiness, lleijf lit,- space M|)\Nanl-i. ('oiuinoiilv hale. lleiiioiiH,^ wifkoil. Ar.ci'Mit. liu'ituiis. Vul. Iw-mis Heir,'-' lie who inherits ljy hov. {^luirc) Heiiii.stic,- hiilfii verse, or line in poetry. Uei)iorrliii<:e,- a Mux ol'lhe blotni. [Iw-mor-iilj) Henry,'- a i'lirisiiiin t);tnie. Ciiui. Jlen-iii'-rr. Herdsman,'- one who keeps herds. Hereditary,*' f^nined hy iuheritaiiee. {/urahturc) Hermetic-seal,'- elosinnr a j'lnss bottle. Heron,- a bird that leedd npuii iish. Cor. hrrn. Hiccough,"- a siomachic oaHion. I'roj). kik-kof. Hideous,-' horrible, di-eadl'ul, Irif^htlVd. Hieroglyphic,- an end)l(;m, n'pres(>iitation. Higgler,'- u small dealer, ('orriipt. of haggler. High,-* elevate'd, prur I, great. HighlaiuJer,'-aniountnm inhabitant, (/irehmdur) Hight,-' called. ("onrouiided with hciiiht. Highty.tighty,:i giddy, thoughtless, airy, noi-sy. Hind,-* contrary in ixjsilion to the I'aee. Hobnob,~ at random. Corruption ui hahnah. Hock,- old Rhenish wine. Hodge-podge,'- a mixture. Or Hotch-jwtch. Iiji hu iiiiu luunus aro iicm.JH.tik lifMii-or-ridj lif-ii-ro hiirdz-innn lip.ri'd.et.tor-rft htir iiiC>t-ik sule her run liik-ii|i 1)1(1 yiis hicr-o.glifik liTg.lur hi hi-laitd.ur liilo lii-to ti-le liindc lidl>.iiob hok hodj.podj Height. Milton liiis it hiirhth, now n \tili!Mii--iii : prnpnrly hiffht, derived from hiffh. Ml Una (■'St.) Ill till' .S. Ailiiiiiic (kw.mm. iii!i\ lie tcrnii'il tin' srvt /rt/i ; ns it ia licre that sliipiiiiiL' ir tlu'ir course to and troni ilic luilics, rdVoli iiiid lake in water. Uinn/. In its Freiitli nieantj ru/i lord. .Hii,'gl':
  • icd liixicouiaphor. ii;ig/i(!a!i[/iii-(!ii] Unc ol'oiir solitary iiitcijcrti(Mi.-< ; inipinp. !'\if\t /irif-ilini or hay-iln if. llermi'tic'aciil. 'J'lie way tins is done, is I'V healing the neck ol'lliu bottle, so that it liiuy he ready to melt, then, with hot piiicc.Ts, twisiin;.' ii toyeiher. HcsioiVs iciirlt.i were writ on tables ot'l' ad. and Solon's laws cut on planks ot' wood. Ilt;«/s//V. 'JMicre are many in V'irf,'il s /llm-id, but wlieth"r by design or not, is doubted. Vlecatr [hck at] a name of I liana. In tiiueli aud Latin pronounced in tlireu tiyjiablcs. Wiectiugli. Frecpieiitly written /;/(•/■ «/». Uiileiiiis. Mas a low cockntfyisni olijus: and a barbarism nf /liilr-yns. Uigglir. J?ernns(; in biiyinj; lie's .-^njiposed to abate, or Imti' (not In at) down the price. High. Applied to tlie Deity, is, in many (larts olScriptuie, printed Most lliirhi'.it ; a flnL'rant violation orirraniniar 'I'lie lii:;lir.t 10 1U8 i-i8.tik -or.rifij ro Iz-innn f'd el-tar-rn tnC't.ik sulo run M' nis -o.yllfik ur iid.ur ti-te lob podj rrom hifffi. ! it is lioru that ion ot higgle : Ihis rule. ' or hay-ilmj. HO tliut it limy iks oCwood. 01, is (loiilitcd. L'u syllables. vn file price. '•t Hin-hcit ; a I- (d'Antisaim, il'llic sea. iiiiiiiutive; as, flinp. ri;.', and tiers 0,()0«. in an. lTo(himn,'a brinlxliiycr's lahoror. II (iLlllif, " . spelt hoiinr. 1 hoii.mun lo.iri(r Jlop<>:«;rolr . Holpen," now disused. Old participle of /u/p. Holyday," an auniversary day in tin? church. Holly,* a Hhrub. Hiipposod corrupiion of/io/jy. Holy,"^ pious. Some interpret it dillerenlly. Homage,- obeisance. Iniprop. called om-age. Homespun,"* made at home, homely, coarse. Homestead," the |)lace of a house. {Iinm-slcd) Homicide," murder, destruciion. (^ho-mc-slde) Homily,^ a discourse, short sermon. (fiom-Ie) Homonymy,- etpjivocation. (..'or. hom-in-im-r. Honest,-* upright, just, sincere, true. (/"//) Honesty," justice, truth, virtue, purity. (jti^l) Honey," made by hcf.s; there are 55 species. Honeycomb,-* full of little cells. (Jiun-ne-lium) lio.lo.dam lifil-lrs-da l.al.lu hul-lutul luil-liio lll)I|IO holpe.un lid-lo-da hr.l.lo hole hoin.idj hOmc-spun liomc-stefl hom-e-side hom.i.le lio.inrin.cmo ("ill-Cst on-cst-te hun nc huu-ne-koomt^ Ifonr. The firsf, prrtondini IiPr ninjosiy's drritli, was by a wag in ([iieen Ann's reign. Hodman. Also a VVcstiiiitislcr scholar iiiltiiillcd into Cliilst Cliurcli Ojllegc Oxford. Hoe. 1 almost wond(.'r liow tliot.r,Mvlio s(?t till! opinions ol' such mnn as Dr. .lohnson at defiance, could Irt the orihograpliy ol this word cscaiie thtni, si'fing ilie way in which they linndle others with tliis tcriniiiation : hut it stionld seem that the cliii':'r('quisit(!s t'ur a letter-clipper oi' tlie present n, because too quaint and formal. ll«/i'/ai/aiid liotijitay. I'sLilly confounded, except in seats of learning. Holla. Exhibilsa perfect transformation of the vowels. Homily. Many were prepared and piiuled, at tin' refornialion, to ho delivered in llio.ie Churches the ininislers of which were supiiosed nuabh; to make them. Hottest and //(iwor. Londoners sound tlKMii/ui/. Tliei'' niisprounnciatinn of the letter hy eciunlly prevails in the ciiiis of Haih and Uocliesler, wiili many other places. Hohleth, ill sacred writ and anciently ; hut moilenily, and common conversation AoW.f. II(///((H(/, or /iH//«w ground, Ircnn its! mullilndiiious iilhbit-holrs. lis best part has beei taken out of the sra ; but is too marshy to bear the plough. Though surrounded by wa- ter, there is not a water mill in the cimntry. Holy. As Alynier bishop of Ijondnn, l.'iiui, who, on .Sundays, played howls in his palace. Homely. Most words mfrv eiidin!; ^^■ilh /;/, am ienUy lerminated in like. Hour. In KiO", ilie hour for be^iinmie,' tl:eairi(als was tliree in the afternoon. Holly. Anciently and originally hoi ij tree, because dedicated to holy places. ftofffkead. Some derive it from ogsliooil. n\hcrs again Oreo; caput, an Ork's keoA. { i I '^1: I i tl I I. f 4 i 32 MANi'vi, or ois'iiiocrr. Iloneydew," a nwov.i ld,- a faniil\', iioiise. Cor. hnw-sh.old. Iiouse-hold Housewife,- a pfood mistress of a house. (/'///) lifiz. if Housewifery,- doniestie frugality. (/////) liri/..ir.ro Hover,-'' to hang over head, lly. (/io-jv7)hriv-var Howo)' [croesoH of ] Siiiro tlio iCNloraliKn, no I('i3<< iIkmi ;>i,i.'r!I hiivi' li('<>n ili'^tributed in Franci'. Nolo. In tlir witn\ /iininr. sis lifrnif('\|i.':iiiir(l, I lie n isiinw ili^ri'idi'd. lion/. Also iispnct' in tlic slifci liii^ci'd (iir:ii:;iiii>t liou.-.iiriilg, to i-u- closi; bricks, mortar, niul oilier neci'ssriry niaii rials. Horizon. Sonii'tiiiii's, but iiii|)rci|icrly, acccnicil on Ihcrn-il syllable. Horn. I!' >\vin)j horns, as Frivrh hiirii.--, Iii'iaiisc ancii'iMly niadi' of AorTi. Worrilili. I''ri'(|ii<'iilly. Ilircniiili rarclctisnrss, |ii(nioiHi(i'd a- ifwriiicn horriiJilf. Hor,on His .Maji s of Ciiiistinns, F.nstor, Wliitsuntldn, nnd Alf^iiinls, wIumi the Kiiiu', aller l)i\ iin' Ser\ ice, niakes ntli'rintfs tit (Jod. WouKC of .fissrmhiij. I'|i|(er <'aiiada, con-'isis of an n|i|ier and lower Itonro ; tins TiO. & thnt 30 iiKMnbcrs. Their session is in the winter, and c'lMrally lasts about throe months. llovgrwij'f. Public spciikcis, on acttnmt of ih»i bubjt'ci, proiioiiiicf iliisi word/«//in Gray's beautiful Elegy,— "Or busy lioimricifr ply Iter evptiinc cnrc" Huswifr. )R impropnr. The VAcpy in qin'slion is thoni'lit to have liern written either in the viilat:e dnriiiitory of (Jranrhester. dlstaiit two miles from C'ambridi;e ; or in that uf Stnke Popids, Kuckinttliamshirc, the bnri.al pinto of our poet. Ho/).«. 40.727 acres are cultivated In Kimland. First used about the year 1000. Horatii, Curiattii. Properly ho-ra-uhe /, en rr.-n-shci : coxt\\\<. hn-ra-ti n\u\ cii-rrt ti. hnroi. The three daughters of .liijiiter and Themis, railed F/iiiiornia, Dice, and Irene. Horse'.* tongw: : often sold for a biillork's; but this is mxirrh and that swooih. lUusc [pious] Glastonbury Abbey had 500 niO!ik!«, 500 servants, and genrly.SOO vifitori. MANUAL OF onTnOEFV. S8 V^liitsuntldn, and However," at nil events. Burb. hoicmmcvcr. hou.Gv.ur Howitzer,- .'i kitirl of homb. {hn.it-zvr) Uuw.it-zixr Howlinj;,'--' an llibcrniuii hiinont at fiiii(;rals. Iiowl.inj Jliibhiili,- a tiiiimlt. Commonly hoo-bub. Uuh.hab Huckaback,- liiicii willi raiscf' li;,'iir»'.s on it. huk.a.bak Hiickk'botic,- a bone called tlio bi|> bone. Iiuk-ol.bon* Hues'-' a t'olor, (l\(', elauKiur, f^rcat noiso. how Humbles,- tbc entrails ol" ti deer. Iiuni-buli Hunnmnns,- balbs in ('i>vcnt (Jard(;n. Iium-ums Humorist,- om; wjio oiMlilies is own bumor. Iiew-mo.rist Humorous,'' jocidar. Improperly /iitinorsnmr. Iitiw.mur.u* I[un(lred,"-' ibe division ot'a eoimty. {/iniulurfl) Uan-dtod Hussar,- a I'dlisli and llin!;iarian borse. soldier. Iiu-zar Huh'sy,'- a sorry, bad woman, kind td" bag. Iiuz.zo Husiin^s,- a court, place ot election. IiQst.inga Hustle,'' to sliak«5 to^etber. liQs-el Hutcb,- a corn <'best, rablWt bo.v, (rap. Imlsh Hyacintb,-a lltjwer : 17 species : precious stone, hi.a.sinlh Hyades,- rainy stars. Corruptly Jii..a ids. h'i.a.doea I[ydra,- a serj»enl feigned to bavc tilly beads, hi.dra Hydrocele,'* a rupture. Properly hi-drosclc. hl.dro.selo Hydro!T^rapber,'-'on(! wbo draws maps of ibo sea. lii.drojr.ra.fur Flydroifrapby,'- a d(>scription of ibe seas. Iii.drr.jr.ra.fa Hydropb<>bi;i,-a dread of water, canine madness, hi.dro.fo.bo.* ilydrotic,- wbat purges olf water or pblegm. hi.drot.ik Jfninri'ir. Is IrMiwrortii'd liv the viili'nr \\\Xn hntrsmudn-rr. Hinrliiiir. Xoi priiiliar In ilii' li Isli, liiil dli-^i'ivcd liy iiiiiiiy anricnt nations. Jiiiiii. \ iil;;;irly ii|i|ilifil in llic Miriii' t-cpisr as llir wmd iKtiiilniir.li'. HummuiiK. A corniiitioti (Voin luinninnii, Aialiir liir bnth. 'I'lic first Iiot bath in Eng- land was csliilili-^lii'il ill l'ai!iii(» Court, NcwL'ali: sin (I. Iiivi'iilcd liy JilrUia. Jiiimorist. liii|iiM|icily iisrd lor a jdciilar person. 'I'illi- ol' a society uf learned men at Uoiiie, eslalili>iii d liy I'aiil .Maiiijiil ; and oi ahiiilier at Caitona, in Italy. Hiivdriil. lleiaiiM' ainii'iilly obilurd to liiinlsli our Itumlnd men, completely accoutred, ill time 111' war : (iist diviiled liyUinu All'rcd. Has a coiiiipt ortlioepy. Ilussnr. Fioin tin; /iii::ii, or slioiii, lliey oriiiiiially niade at llio lirst onset. Jlii.fthifrs. Troin a t^a.von word, inipi) in;.' n lionse, hall, or plarc lor pleading. JliitiiriJ'c. Has two op|)oslle ineaniiius; the iionii is a // \vlii( li iject scaldinj.' water !M feel ImkIi and ;)0 in diameter. JInd.inn river, Ameilia, discovered liy a'l lOii'.Mijh captain of that iiaino in I(i08. Ujipiiiirniii (now////)) rsnall\' in three, lint properly pronouiKed in tbnr syllables. Hydroiilinhia. I'ldiii iilniiini to Tear, ..iid iidur water : till! i:ausu and cure are amyiteiy. Ilyadcs. Likewise spelt liytidy, and coriiipted into hiadx. Hydra. Tliis was killed liy llt'ii iiles at l.eina Marsh, near reloponnesus. Jlydriicfli . Final c, lii'iiiK (Jreek, should loim a clear syllalile in pronunciation. Uydrnphiihia. t^everal orthoepisls, iifiainst all iisafiu, throw the stress upon bi. Hydros latiin. Weighing fluids. I'irst taught by Archimedes, 200 years B. C. W , ■\ : ''Vi: M n.\yv\\, or oiM'iior.rY. HyetiJi,' a fierce animal like a wolf, {/li-c/i-na) lii-O-na Hyrn,- a vurv lit rce lund ol"iJ»)<^. Iiim Hymeneal,- a marriage song. C(»r. hy-mccnyul. hi-incn-c-ul Hymn,- a divine song ; •"' to praise. Iiim Hyp,-'' to di.s|)irit. Usually wrillen A/yj. hip Hyperbole,- an exaggeration. {hip-ur-holc)\\l\wr-\n).\o Hyperbolical,"' exaggerating, {h-p.ur-ho-h-knl) lii-pcr-bdl-ckul Hypercritic,~a ca|)tions critic. Vflor uses /n/pcr. lii.pur-krii-ik Hyplier.," this marl; (-). hiluii Hypochondriac,- uiio who is melanclidly. lii.po-kr.n.clii.iik Hypotenuse,- the sahten.se : some hijiiollunusc. h'i.\u)t.en.ooBQ Hypothesis,- a syslem fornu-d upon siippoi-jition. lu-iidili.c sis Hyrst,^ a wood, ii tliichet. iij'clt also /,■/.>/. imr.-.t Hyssop,'-^ a [>urgative herb. Some call it h'tzzu]). liKs.sup Iambic,2 a long and short s) liable. {i/tiiii-hiJi)\.iun.h\k Ichor,- a thin sharj) humor. Corrupt. i/.-.Jior. i-kor Ichorous,-' sharp, thin, watery. {i-korc-us) iko.mfi Icicle," dripping water frozen. Vulg. ixic-kuL isikt;! Ides," the 15th day of March, May, .July, and Oct., and the 13tb of other monllis. (/-f/rr.v) ides Idiom,''* a particular hind of speech. (/Jy/t-;//;.'//) iil.c.uin Idumea,^ (ancienlly Edom) a territory of Asia, i.dtw-mc a Idyl,^ a short pastoral poem. (i «.'?//) idu-ul Ignobly,'' meanly, vilely. Improperly i>j;;-no.Ut:. ig nd-Mo Ignominy ,2 disgrace, reproach. {ii^-n:)in-i-nc)\g.mm\'\n.Q Iliad,2 an heroic poem written by Il(jmcr. il.yud Illinois,'"^ one of tlie U. S. admitted in IHIH. il-lundy Hyena. Also cullud //.««», and CoriiiPily «ritti:n I/i/,ni(i. Hypcrhoh. Vul(^tlri^it'(l liiii-poi-Z-o/c ; and iic ( ciilid, liy Id. .IdIihsoii, on hijji. Hypotenuse. i*yllia;;(ii!is soUins: llic celclnaicd piolili ni Id wliicli this has reference, thervui •;■. ^arriflced, in his joy, a liecalond) lo lln) niiiscs. Is mis accented. H.jssi.^ . Oiliers, as inaccnrali'ly, place; a ncnaii\c strusy upon y. Hyjiotii,e:ale. Is to pledge a ship or caigo, in distress at sea, for necessaries. /has liut two sounds, which arn shown in "■/(;/' and vine. It ainucnlly represented / and J; as it did also tin.' nirnniaiivcs diir and //,,■', siili to l.c s((.'ii in Kimic old plays. ItH oblique case, ?«(', is .soni('p, sor^k, niois'eii. iiu-Krcw Immodi.'vto,-' instant, iu^tin^ by itsolT. Impai'li,-''' to encloso (or, ornmkr, ii park. (MD-jtmiv Import,- a thin;.ij iniporkMl, niciinin'r. (/.v/-/'(ir/) i„,.|,„it lm|)osl,o a i-ov(!ni!(', loll, tax, . Ilnrbar. mr/7/wr/«/r;. in k.-i-pfis-e-talo Incautious,-' unwary, negligent, ear(!lei.«. inUiiw-shus Inchoate,"' to bee\ Incomparable, :i e'xeellent, {inkornpiirahlr) in-kom.pur-a-ble Incomparably,^ une(|nalled. {inliomydrcahly) inkompar.a.blo Incorpse,-'' to form into a body, unite. in kdrps if idiot, ill place Immcdiiitc. Ofton prdiioiincr'd, wiili its cumpouiKls, ,ih if written im-uf jc-ntc. Import. Ffiimoily accciilcd liUc iIicmtI). Impark. AViiddstotN \\;h \hv lirsi, park in I^ngliirnl, wliicli continued for apes the resi- dence of our Kiiifs. VVlirii r.li/.;il)i'tli (piMMi of Hidii'it nnico was imprisioiitd in tliie Tiouiily, (i:Ui) \i\w wa.s allowed !/, pir wriU, to su|i|io't licrscll'and family. Impoal. Tlio lircnUfasl.-i of llie l'ii<:llsli pav to tlii' luvt'imc ciirht, milliims a year. Jmprnijemnit. lIordiTiis from the \orlli call it iin-iiriii' tiiciil. In. is placed lict'orc countries ami lari;i' iowii.<; as, " Sik; resides in I'naland, in Lon- don, tec." Should lie rejected from ilit! I'liiversal I'rayer; us, "'I'liy will In done in {on) earth." After lliesiimc maiiner, at is placed Iciore villiii'es iiiid hamlets; is, "She re- sides at Vaiixhall, ISlile end, &c,." Oai;ht to Ite siibsliluled by in, in— 'lie died at (»«) Ilia liouse at I'ulney." liiadvijuaci/. Orii-iiiateil in riirliaii;;'nt, and Imt recently iiiiiodnced (o a dictionary. InCHmparnlile. Oi'tin in luini/iu-ra l> I : whicli pn/./.tes iialives and foreiuiiers. Indecent. [ rejiret llitit words of this cl;;r acter, are to li'i fonud in our diclioiiaries. In London, piildicai.K pots are inspected hy air vnnnrn' : there are 1 ( lioson l>y the city. Incnmlitnts of Ii!/. in I.'mH, were allowed to carry on somi! tr;id' . Tliore are 3719 in- cnnilienls non-resident ; also '.\M7t impropiiaiieiis in all rm/liind. Inipr rtation of foreign eircs are (iO iiiillions a yetir, payinL' lUi/. [ler l-JO dniy. Whilst tiie lioolis iniported last 10 yeaii", |iaid a duty of i:i,Hi()/. iinrimtlly. Impugn. Some speakers, reirreiin!.' ihe omission, tniiiia^e to give it a dash of the g. Impress. Sea-apprentices under IH, arc exempt: landuiuii, in inercliaiit service, for * years. ■1\ ;1 I : 'i NoTK : — In rotusc for n/cntirse is very common, hut most improper. 90 HAMTAL OP OKTITOEPY. tl Indecorous,s indecent. Usually in-l<\ Inquire,^ to ask, seek out, search. {F.iujiiirc) Inscription,^ a title written upon any tiling. in-dcko-riis iii-ilol-o-blu iii-dcn-lshur iii-(l(!.un ill (lit.yiin iii-ilino iii-ili'iill iii.(iuli(! yiiH iii-(iiis.tri) iii-('-bix'-i..Kiiun iii-i iii-firi-ta iij.riinlino ill. fill ycw-nto iii-lck-siitis iii-f» ar.yur iiilVinii cr-ro in lla hliun in jo 1I0-U8 in jrn.yow.UB iii-ini.(vkiil ii)-iiii.iiior.a-LIa iiikwiru in-{^krip-Nliun Indecorous. Aiitlioiitirs (brtlie (wo proiiiiiirhiiioiis aic :iljiiiit dividod. Indelible. If \vi; tollow its clMiinlni'y, shiiiild lie wrill'ii nidihlilr. Indenture, ni^caii.si' indnilnl on iiit: li>|i iii;ii<^iii, w jilioiil \\ liidi il wniild lie void. Indnr.^ec, on an iiiMcpiaiicf, is m mp/, il luui pn si nlrd, \\ lien due, Iml nni ilic accepter. Infantine, and JiiJ'aiilii'f. 'i'liis last. In i:i^ llic new r r uoid. is iimic l.isliJMiialplf. Ingenious awl Ingciiuuus. ('luiiiiiiiiily ('Diirniiiidril IkiiIi in wiilinu and r-iicaMiig. Inimical. Is wrnn!>ly aiccntcd. <)ri;^iiiali'd in r.'uliaiM. nl tliiri> vr.'iis snici'. inn. Difference! iif biiualidii inakis diiiiii iirc nl inraiiiMii ; lii'ini' /»/( innpcTanco is . very lilte intemperance. iDiikrcpcr'.-; aif icspniisildc liir iliiii (.'nr.--i's pinpcity. Inquire, br. .lolin-jon spills it iliiis, and yii IraMs r iilirr iinnnn lird Inscription. Tlie a' o.n.'icy ol iliai diii' iipon thr nnniunii'ni, our ^land liiMtorirnl pillar, recently obliterated, is ihiis handh d liy I'i'pr, in SIj l!,ila:ini. "VVlii'ic liondoii's ((ilnniH pulniinu' in die skii.'.s, Tiikca lalHiiilly, iilisilic In ad, ami In.s." But the poet bcins liim.'^fHra Cailmlic, aitcminis in snnir iniasiirc fnr sik Ii npinioii, oxclu- Blveoftlie present raf^i; ("or qucslinniM;! ihr inlciiriiy nCuu!' r;uliri lii'lnjianv India-rubber. Coniinoiily ko railed, linin lis lacdily oT inliMii;,' nnt pini il inaiks on pa- per: properly Cauutchunc. litlrndiiod liy '^ir .In^'pli Itaidss. iinin (inaina, S. Ainciica. Also called /un^u.« ; ami k'ltlerly applied lo niakiiii: sIkks, air i ii^-liuiis, linis, anV^-, MANfAi. «>r oii iiiorrv. n7 ■n ko-riis •cblo ii-lsliur (111 yun a II )(! yiifl s-lri) re -L.sliun II ta II lino I 3t;\v.alo <.sllllS iir.yiir nil crro L hliun no. us ii-yow.UB i-c-kul i-nior.a-Lla .viro rij)-wliun Instciul," in \hv room ol". (\>irii|)tl\ iiisliil. InSll|)t!iiil. iiilfixtlilc. llit(M"('slm,\" i'l<'ii:Mii;.!;. (/"/;// i.sl/ii/^) Irilerlnrciicc,-' iikmIiiiUoii. linproinT. on /(/•, IliloxiiMtcd,'' ilnilili. [iiitossidlnl. \ lossci-fttid) lilliii'.iM',' ii scliciiic, srcrcl ••t»iic>-|»o!i(!i'iU';". Iiitiiiisica!,-' iituard. real, .soli I, «i('miiii(', Illtrusi\(!,"' apl to iiitnidc, <'iic:'oarliiii^-. rnvalid,* wi-ak, ol'iio loii'i; or \'.(iol,(. Invalid,"*' oiu- disaldrd 1»\ siiliiicss. {^iitral-iil} Inveiiili'' (o rail al, dtM hue a''aiMsl. Invidious,-' (Mivioiis, iMali<^!iaiil. [iit-riJi.'i-i/u.s) Inwardly,'' scmtoiIv. also Inli/- {iii-iin/Jt) Iota,- a |>oiiit, ;i tillh-, (irrcli ictt(>r. {i-ol-lttii) Iridand's l']\ c,- i^dand near itiddin liarlior. jrk,^ to vex. I'roMi tlit; Islaiidic iirh\ woiU. Iron,- a conunon nsclul incial. (irc-nin) Ironical,:' siiccrinii-. iJurharisiMJ in-iin-r-l.iil . Irrolovanl,:* iiia|)|)lical)I(!. {irnri liinl) Irron)cdial)lr,:i iiiciiralilc. [ir-n iii-al-ti-hcl) Irreparaliiy,^ l)(!yond rccovrrv. {irrciurird!;!//} IrrisioM,- liir art o!" Iaii;j,liiii;;- at aiiu'.hcr. Is, llic third persuii singular. iii-Htr-d ill. SIM) jiiir-iubul iiilc-jor iii.k'ii i 1. 1^1 illlCI'.fHl.jllg ii.-Icr. fci'iMKui iii-luLH.(!.|iu-tod ill 1 1 rc)r iii-lnii .so-Ual iiilnio niv ill \';il id in.\M-lo(lo ill v:i iii-viilyii.-j iii-wurd-lu i.(')l;i iio liiiids-i ink I urti i KIM o.UuI ilMol O-VCKt ir iiMiifdjunbil ii-ic|)-iir.n.ltlo Jr-ri/.li.Mituu ■ ■ y if il 111' void. ml I he uicepter. niialilc. >|ii'akiiig, since. / i<'iii|)crancc is ■|iinioii, cxclu- .'tlllv I iiiaiks oil pa- il, S. Aiiii'iica. Im'iIs, mill all .xiiloiublu ciiiii- iiiy. ■f. Thfilr Inn- rnycr. 'J'lioro In fish. A ppu- iil fzldSFy. ill tliL- ;/ot.. I.' / Inffrrr. I's con upliiiii i.x siiiiifliMics, lliioiujli cfinlrssiii'ss, uiliiiilli'il info schools. Jiitn(-t. iS'iiMC pri)\ iiiii:ils •^\\i' il ,111 (iilli'ii'ji\- .■ip|i:ii:icliiii!; In in /rii.^it. Jntriii^iiii!. An iilililiL' hi rlV limlciry, slimilil lir wh.li'ii iiiliiiis'ial. Jiilnisii'i . is. < iiiiip.'ii.'i iM'l.\, a iiru wniii in iiiir iliriinii.iiit.s. Iniuiliiitis. AImi piiiiiiiiiiiciii /;/ /•/(/ c (;.s, m 111 liilji us. I'llii. Is iinw siipplicil liy ils (ililiicv iiilidii /,l^ /. (). v. .\ii iiliir\ i.'iiiiiii inr / <;«•( 11,111. A scciiiiiy liiiullii!,' fill lh(! party giving It, but not iK'colialilr. Il .s n rii^'iiis< li In niir nnilts iiriiiw. Jmhriint. Oiiumal'il m I'jiili.iiiH'Ml, .'^iiimc lliiity live ynrs siiiri-. Iriliiiii/. \iilils 111 iiiir ( IriL-y l.'i.^idiMI aniiiiaj)-. lOsiiiiiaii li M'liiniH iif licr Inndod pro- perty aic l'J,7 ir> riT'-y. lias .'i nijilliin inns nl w .i.ic lai.ds, lylnu' -III! Ici'l aliiivc tliO li Vi.'l of thcsra. Ili'i iMP|iiila!iiiii, KiVJ, was |,l(M)d()!l, hiil in tin' i( nsii,- (ill.-,'!.— (.,Hil| H'J7 : her rural (itic is tin' iIimmsI in Ijimpr. In i:ij .'i|. Tail II li iiilKiiIni cii l.allii, and I'or liiiir ri'iitiiiii's Mt'ii'i, liai Mill'.', \\ liirli lanuuislii'd in all nilicr riiiiniiics, llniirislird in thiu. Note. TlHMopprr ill '.Ms. nl' lijsli li.iirpcinc, is woi-ai liiil 'i>-. '.W. Jron Ill-ill in- ; nl ii; i Mated hiii' : imr lirsl niit.' is ii\rr I lie Srvrill, <"nall>n>nl< Dale, Salop. 1.1. "Tlir waiii's olsin /.s- dralli." Ilniii. \i. 'Jl. This soil nl' Hiiiili'iici;, iIioiikIi an i-.x- ccpliiiii, has iliiiii' iniicli 111 I'll;!! iid.r a pi'ipi'iiial linsiiliiy a^'ainwl tlio puriiy ul' our lan- guanc. iN'nIc. W'aiM's, in .ininv sitiialiniis, ii.is iiii plural. Jiivit.f. .VIsn an Iiisli siihsiiiiiic Inr iii\ iiaiinii, as, 'I ent an iiiviii' to dinnor.' /« vill.s rniivcyniK Iniiil.-', 3 wilins-cs aii' iripiiicd, hut '.' niiiy iC iiir.---tinii/ property. Jngrrta. 'J'lic aiiiniilit nl'klinwn lliilisli liisi'i Is, rniiii lliilasl ('cnsiis, is lO.UII^, Jntrinsic. value of nnr shillinf.'H and sixpiMiri's ; llicsi.' H^i/. ilinso li^d. each. Interval (iw-terval) One only ol'our oithofpisisplutea the cinplmtii* on icr. ■ i il ( 88 31 ANT \h or o'.M ;i(iri"i . li-sim (_/'////) ist-mus [irr-rr) i-viir lo Isabella color,- reseiuhliiir^ dii-ty liiicn. i/.-ii-Inil-uIi Island,- land surroutult'd l>v" >\ .iler. ( I'lilf) i-land Islet-hole,- a small iiolo woil^rd wiih silk, *.Vc. i.iii.in.Io Ism,- badness ofspct^cli or writing:;. An ndjimcl. i/,-«s II. jik-o-liiin Jalap,- a purjjalivc root. \ nl-;arly /i)//*)/). inl-iuii Jaundice,'- a diseased liver. Corruptly /V///r///.v.i:i\vii-(lis Jaunt,*'' to walk or travel ab.ont. ( /V//r/;/) Jani vTenet,- a Spanish horse. S\)r]i vAso <■■( ncl.jou.nvi Jennetin«T,oan early apple. Ov John-ttpplr. jcn.vi.'m Jeopard,^ to put in danjror, hazar 1. {Jop.iiirl)iiOp.\mrA Jeopardy,- danger, peril, narhnrously /oyi/z/v/r. ji |..iir.(i« Jersey,^ an island on (he coast of iNornKindy. jt r./o Jessamine,- a fragrant shrub. ()iten /l ctl it livlc. Isthmus. A late ortli(ie[iist spells ii ismus. Italic. A word thus ]irinle(l in our liilile, denotes tliat it is not to ti>< Couiid in the oriftinat, but has been added to clear np the passa';e. Tlie ojh' oidi reil i>y .la>iies I, and printeil Ifill, took fifty-four learned men three' years oi traiislaiiii;;. Italian catacombs. Vast suliterrunean tombs of the ancients, in via Ajiiiio, H Ii ngnes from Rome. Israel, (iz-ra-el) with Raphad, slionid b"; prononnced in tliieo syllahlen. The Is'aeliien or Jews, were banished FinKlattd by Fidwanl I, hut ni-admiitrd by Oliver (""romwell. Isleioorth. Proitetly tic- wurtk, but has a wide-spread barbarism oi i ■.ulirurl.k. ,/.• or jo(i consonant: anciently stood for / and /'.• before vowels lias the soft sound of g : is used where ^ hard would he improper, as froc/,-. trniu, iaslead iifjiiil: and /oj'ti. Jail. 8i\eH jail at gaol, but the former has a preiereiiei'. Tpwaiils oi .-'J.hVit prisoners passed t.hrougll those of Emiland and Wales diirina the last year. Jalap. So named from Xalnjxi. a Mexiean town, near which it rrows abondantly. Jews. Came to England in lOT'.l. That part t\{'\\\<' city narticd ./.«vh street, was assign- ed as their burial-place, which, in lO'.M), was the only mie they had in all I'nuland : they have now six. Anciently wlien exeiMited in l''ranee, a .lew was huni{ between two dead dogs. In Germany he is allowed to niiirry thirteen times, hut no more. Known by a yel- low cap at Lucca, and an orange one in Paris. Jew's harp. Supposed, by some, to ho ;'«(/)'.< horn sofieiu'd down. .Tack Robinson, contes from iJiis line in an old poet, "As tys to sayu .7arJ. .' robys on." Jt.mttivg with market snvans, but its proper nanii' [t^JutiKiUmr. .Jacob. I saw a gentleman in America write it without one ot' iis projier li?tters. ^ r^M;) ' .Toby [he lived 140 years alter his misfortunes) is the oldest hook in tin; w.mui. .Jesuits. Their number amounts to ',"i,7H7, of which, 1 1 Odd are priesis. Jewels. The late coimtess of Huntiiicdoii sold hers to build a chajiel at llriglitnn. .Japan [In] and China, agriculture, they say, is bett(!r nndersiooil than ainon;,' us. Jigger, A small dangerous insect in hot ciitnatcs : it sometimes occasions even death r.!.vMA:. «>r c, no -hcl-ah nd t.luil.! Ill slni iir.is III' l(! -O.hilC! -Ill]) \ii-(iis I i-iict. i-cl-it\ i-piird >-ur-d(j -zo (-sn-miii i.siim t-nr wcil lint to cliniico Wlltll lll'l SlllljO( Irl mill ill the oriniiijil, MIC::! I, tliul lll'illtl.'ll i A/»/»'(;, n Iingiii'H rs. 'I'lK! Isvai'iiiCH er Croiiuvi'll. •.ill-iriirl/i. the solY H'llllKl (it' tfjin/; i\ui\ join. ol i-'il,(lTy iiriBuiicrd ivs !il)iiii(1anily. street, wiis assif^ll- iill llii^'laiiil : they ll"l\\ee(| 1\V(I (Icilil Known by a ycl- Jacli ! inliijs on." iper MU'ru. ^rguj) ' III! W.ilUI. at rti'iKliton. an Minoiii,' us. asionti even dtnth Jocular,'' merry, \v;i;L:uisli, (IimII. (./"i^/iV -?/»-////) jok.yow-lur WOdtl Joiner,- a imtsou \vlu» |iM;i!(l; (/////•A) joint-lo Jointure,- a wile's propcriv. C'orniptly/////-"'/'. jiii' l«lmro Joiiq „osik! Jovial uille,- the tia ir.Mlil. XHI^arly /"////. j.in-Uil ((> run a^am^^U piisii :i |oily, iiieiry, airy, j;'ay, Jowl,"- lljo clicclv., head ol' a lis'j. (. (U-'-ll X '0 ;1 o r/// j )uvi;-yu I \i jniil) j,i|i ' hi! ' i< W-lMl Julep,- a iKiiiitl niediciiie. Jurat,* a Ciupdrate, or horois^rli iiKi^^islraa: K. Kuuosh,- a slii|»'s kitcheii ujidii ilecU. ku-liousli Kebcrs/-' a sect at Isyalun) n\ Vcrs'td. Ko-liurs Kecks," dry h^lalks : or hcl-^oj. Also hex. (/ wood next the keel. kcl-smi Kennol,- a lu)\i.se I'ur do of the I'nileil Slatfii" wluile .supicKic ((iiirt. In lime iil' Kin;; !'il!j;ar, llu; Wuid aliliriuan diMioluil iijuilgc. Jalrjf. Tliisc(iiii|iinni(l is iiM>lal\eii for llie root. , .httiticiK ill /'(//•(, lire llii.se who Join iiey from [ilace In plaoe to liolil assi/.eH; tllU Ollti- qiiity of wiiicli may he ^li'aucil from l;M S.iii'.iiel, c. 7, v. (li. Appointed IDTC). ./Mni.-.-, ait! ol' llnee kiml.-i— tiraiiil, I'elly, and t'pi.'t'ii^l. Tlie liiHl cdiisiHtM of tweiUy- fdur isiilislanlial men — llie iieM of twi'lve only in eriniinal and i'i\il casos — and tile labt an; selected fiom freeholders and ^.'eiillenien of Liiiit-ideialion. ■ liiL'glc. To snlislllule it for a juish, .t'u./.c, or iii(ini\ is considered vulgar. Joilicij (a lior.u' rider). Ilis/'cc upon a iiice is .'i,'. wIkmi he wins, and 'M. if h(! lose. Jonsuii'x Itohadil, is taken ftom a vain ;'lorinns raptiiin in the diikc of Alva's army. Journey (a days). In the [scriptures, iaXi inilis, and a Sahbath day's 730 puueu. jDins l);it otip sound and is iiiiito if followint' r at tlio end of a word. Is tlie souiul of chin tiriii/iiiiii ((lriii\iiiii),\in\ not in (Iriir/i:!! Idr..;:!]. RIan>' |)ursons write a double uiii; tliiis,— (/ ilimlilr A/.-,— iliereliy ipiadniplinir the number. Kote. In words of one syllable /; thou;;!! preceded by c, is constaiilly relaiiied. Kxliirn. AVIien one :e of d, cay, or a piece of needle work witli much '■iiliiplicated awkwaullless in it. I l. . I I; i^ 40 M.vNr.vi, or onrnonPY. Kc'ttlp,' a vessel for iioilin^- \\;i;rr. Koy,-^ an iiistrunu'iit lO opcM a loclc lu'ttiil lIC isiiaw,'-' iuj oilii (lisli. I Kick s\ .\viclxst>v,- a woicl ofdisilaiii. rotii «iiifiii>tccno.^r. luk-slnw Kiln.- Ibr bricks, v<^:f. Kiinl)o.;i (M'ook'.Ml, liciit, arc KIX.('.\VIX-(J Aii:-iiMitlv ^^;)<;I(. liU. Ui| iH'il K ;ni).')a iiHl.'f hriunolcnf. .Vlii't'iciih- caluMl liind. lundc Kirk,-' a (•!mr«Mi ; liio c'.Hirch ol' Scollaiul. lunlv Kirllo,- an nj)]H"r <;iirnu'nt. Kitcl) {'■ar.fhll) kiir.tnl icn,- a room U80(i or (lonn^sWc [iiii|i,)sc i:ifv!i.(!r> Knal),'' to ;rna\v. A! Knaj''<;v,'' knotlN'. Inipi'oj). written with (Mk; <'•. ti;'(r.,'o so a low w (Ud lor (•':f>iiiiiciate(l, bite. Kiln. '1 Ills word, aiiM'iiir lli" illili rale, Is i:siially iiiiiiiuiiiii rilyi///. Kimhn. nns a tt'iioially iirclivcd In il. — " As Ills arms wcic n /.iiiilid." Kind. 'I'Ik; saiiic r(*iiiarK alirady li('sIo\sc(l ii|i(iii frmn-il aii|pli(s alsn licir. Kiiin- [llic] ::: I'li^laiul never wears li!ai K, liiil i:- ilcillied in iiiirpli; as inDiirnlli!;. Tho licliel liiat \w si;,'im a (/ (it/iiraniiiit, is a loiiiiiiini error. Kivir'.i }iriiitrr. Is o! '(;ed to pi lilt all AcN mdeied, liowrvi r remote, and in lilark |p|- fer, &c. ot" vviiicli two i' three iii|iies oiil>' may he waaled, at an allowance nf I0«, pnr ropy, nlllioiiL'li at an e\,peiis(; ol' ■!!»/. to l.iiiisrli'. IIcik r, ( niir-ideriiii; liis ;;ri'al rcspoiisihi- lity, iind that he i^i alsoohli^ed toiila> iny; caids, are iii''■ litK! divided iillo liali' liiimitrs. not l-viKdtcd,'' lull urhniils. Know l(;(l"t',- loiiniiiii!;. (> r niidli!/. iiui,-i'elt hiiniur. huliur Laboratory,- workshop of a chymist. (/^//'-/Y<-/f') lab-ur-a-tur-o Jjubra,- a lip, brim, briidi, ed^e (lul>-r(i)\\iht\i liubyrinlh,- a ma/{!. Corrupt, called hil)-rriUh.\i\.h.\\T-\ui\\ ] aceralM)n,- act ol tearni"?. (/ ((M-Niir-iiifi h-ii) 1 us-so-ru yliur lak Luc,a ill India 100,01)0 rii|)COs, or 10,000/. Lackey,'- a (\)olboy, servant. Ancienily hrrqnri/. liik.ko Luconicisin,'-i a pithy style. (/a/.- on-iz.um )la.L on-o-siz-um ill I osKmiiccd A'rt. Bit icitilt'd, biCc. s iiii)iirni[ig. Tlio ', and ill lilnr ({ |f>(. \aii(c III' IKv. por s ;rii';il n'S|)()ll::jl)i- sdllici! JH not quite if'SciltllllKl. iimly iiiiitc. low (lll..^(ll('ll'. li(.'llls: s/iiii/rs ro- i.i?ti( .s: iiiid tliiliK, iiliili, and 1','illas : au'ni; ; rouiult;r.sof ilinson. I Ik; r.uiaillf!. I' not iisi'd. I,!l!l. t.iadd,— "filnnd- uiiu lioiifii! cniiimc 1, ur sidti of tliQ Kiiiii'hlril. T.ovv term (or piMsonal avarico and iiclly iiiircriiig. hninii niid h'iii^. Ai .liid::<'!4 (■llalnlll'l^;, in Irclaiid, Knuckt th arn for HarrlHtcrs, nnd bf'lls lor NolicitniH. In ^'(•lllland, ih(>:i' only arc fjciiicc'l, wliilHt tlnisu ar(! vulgar. TliO loriiH'r, in lOn^land, arc set apail lor inisin ■,■•.■;( 's, and tlic laitcr, ilicir iimids. Kiniirtriliri- occasions nincli disptili; anions crlliis ; aliovc mill, .'py is llic \w.iU h'lml. VVIicii ^nil(M■s .-^a , 'llic ship's "oiip'.- ii;/lil hauls,' il means iiir),t wilin an hour. Koran. Tin' licsi iraM.;laiioM is .>lr. . "talc's. ' il is conl'cssddly writK.'ii with tlic utmost purity and clc^aiici!, and in tli< dialccl ol' ICorcisli, thu iiol)li;sl and pulili'al ul'ull tliu Ar- at)iniis. J,. I'rniioimcrd iiiono Insiancc, c»/(/7(r/ (kiiriiiil) like r: with / and s, ocrasioKally used doubly, which pcrpl< m-s ihi: learned ; iliis nil^lit bu iivolded by using thuiii Eiia);ly, as oilier consimanls, and \\(iiild be ilmiic analogous. I.iihnr. The v heini; nseles-i, is now discarded : il is, moreover, its pure latin furmatioit, I found it paid liii;!i in America. A f^cavenuer receiving' a dcjllar per day. I.al/iirivli'i. Oiir cliiel' is in llamptoii Court: the ancjenis Italy, (.'rule, Lcninos mid I'uypt. 'I'liat of I'nainiticun contained, in one wull, with one entiancc, lUOU liouseu and I'J royal palaces. J,ucf. A milllary man al iMnnich, has succeeded in making lacvby Caternillars ! J,a! Supplied !>lso by iwoollnT \ iilj.'nri.-nis, /i;//, and Itiiik. l.aliil. Also a loni; liiin biMss inle, ut'ed by iiiatljeniaiicians to take altitiideti; a Blip of paichmeiit annexed to a (h imI : and peiiilaii! ribands Ircnn a mitre or uuionel. JMiiiivoliini. Oueol'onr earlli st orih()e|iisls insists upon accenting this word on its KCCinid syllable, for wlilcii lie ipiiites usa.'e and rejects aiilhorily. l.iiriiiiii:. is derivcil I'roiii liPconia, ilie ancient city of l.acuibi-inonia, tlio inhabitants of whici! were celebrated for a coii; oliylo. ('(»rrnptly lnht-uul. l.iK ir nl L;ulyl)inl,'.' ii J'lul iiiscci. i.N)iii(juiiU".s ludjcoir. lii.d. ImnI Liiiniu,-' to b-'ii.t willi ji I !!(Im-l. ,1 /i//r irord. lam Lainiiui,- lliiii |>l;iU>. IMi.imI Ln.iiinr. !.im i-.titi Ijtiinb's.wotd,- li([iior nfalc iuul roasted ;i;)[ih;. 1. mis. wool Ijanunus,- the 1st olWu^^u.st. I'r-uii /•//;(7>-..,(/,v.v. i.iiii.in.iH liUmpljlucU/^ a sooly subs'.aiicu lor paiiitiii;^. him I ',uU Lamprol,- ail (;ol. Also iiiiji;)i'('ij ixnd iaiiiitrvn. \.in\-[n\:\ Lancli,''' lo dai!, to cast as a Laiuc. !,iut.-li Lanarious,*' relating' to wool. {I(ii}-(iir-i/i{s)],\. uii.u^.wn Laiul<;rav»^,- a (Jcrinaii title, count, oail. linul-nnivo Laiulloper,'-' a landman. JNautic. land-luhbcr. !uiiil.l()|)o-iir Lansc|iienet,-f;aM)o at carJs. (/.'.•;/,'/^.s7,//i/H/)liin.tikcn.ut Landward," near tho land. Vnlij;. called Uiii-unl. imul-wurd Laniate,'' lo tear in pieces, roiid, kill, (lan-.'/c!) la-ac-aio Lapicide,- a stone-cutter. C'ornipily lap-c-sUl. lapc-hiilo Larceny," theft. J'roperly lurciiiy. (/f//'r-//r)l;ir.sc.iio Larch," lofty tree : its j^nin tv'y//Vr turpcMitine. laitsli Lark," a singing bird: there arc 15.5 species, lurk Also a low word ibr p/t//////if t/ojoo/. Lamm,- an alarm. Corruptly (//-/(ir-um. hir-mm Latches," loops made by small ropes. Or /u-snc't;. jid.sh.o/ Ladder. " Walk round, not iiinin; a ladtirr," .-^aid 'lie aiiriotil-J, who fluaii'lll if, with scliool-hov s, uiiliicUy; whilst aiodciiis;, nioii' ica.-iiiialiiy, tliiiiU ii liazanlniis. Jjudybird. Thu I'liau'li call Ilicai Jtimuisi //r.-:, aail Ila; t-i olih, I'ir^nii .\I iri '•..■< . Lag. Wllt'ii \\tn\i\ l)y till' null), llioy a|iii('iiii aiuilhcr wonl, a( — " fl.''s I'ti; la.H." LaviVs-wtiol. llocaUHi! Uio palp ot an appio nscailili s iho wndlnCa laaili. Jjaiiili-mas.s (lainnias.) From liu: iciiaat.: ol' V;iik rilia.--irr iiiiii;,' olili^rd, hy their tiMi- lire, to bring in a. livo laaib, at lii;'li mass, on th>' It.; day of Am'.UHl. Jjampbtarli. A lalo i)liiliiIo^',cr nisists upoa tla' /» in Ids oriliofpy td'tliin word. Lanch. Ot'rcii wrillun litiiudi, and, says Or. .lidiUbi'M, is only a coiruiaii n ot lance. Lantvni. Also lanthorn, case lor a candli!. In\.'Tiii;d liy i\iau AlCuil. J^argc. Sppak<;rs and wrilias, in alladinit to tla" cvtiiii oi'a ciiy or Iowa, add, — " It i.< tlie laigcut in tho world ;' an imporlanci; wlii
  • n ilorics and ilie Hniird JSialrs. — Many iiav(! no visible snpply or outlet, a.'! some in Mi'tlirt'nbin.'ili and Mol,- Iimu. I^argeat ill the world Ih Lake Superior, N. Amerira, hein;,' lOi) miles loiifjaial T!) broad. Laid. Properly, witli jniid and ..■»/(/ .-^Iiould be spelt Inind, /iiuii'l. aad .•es t-poki.'U is liiib-l, of wliieh l-i(l(i are in America, '''ntilish tan;;na;ie WHS the last formed, and is more of a tumpound than aii) oiher. Tlay are far more niimcrons in .Asia than in lUu'opo. Largest kalfU u con'iinon plnasc, as if a half eoiild he le.ss llian an erpial slmre. Lancashirf. lias ^"1 catholic chapils, t! s<'lif)o|s,aad 7!l resident piiist:). 'I'liirc arc also one bishop, two vii;ars-penera!, and fiuiriicn prii sts in 1 'piier Tanada. Land. From a survey taken in 1'7(), iIh' ipianlily in ilnuland, ilicn a; proprinled to hn™- bandry, was 32,000,(100 nercs, iin value, at tli.u time, 705,fiOO,0<)U.'. >I.V,\f M. nr OK Jitui'.l'V 43 III mikI i'M.l •\\Ui)l lll.is 1 IC-IIS lilVIl ii|iu.ur JUMI-Ut uiinl -aio !. \I lrti:,-i. r lll.H." ill. il, l)y tlifir ti'ii viinl. II ul /{iiirr. I, iidil,— " it u oriiiaf.'iiilii(|c. ;i^.s iifciiiiH or ■iiilnnd u'fitcr. iili(i iSiali's.— i''iii. J.aijicst ml. /nl. of II iUi". 1)1. !n't'I<, and tlio 'I'lii-' tiiiiiibrr linli laiijiuH^u aio iiir iiioKj >-'nnn;. III ro aif iiIbo rinlcil lo ima- |,;i(('!i('t,'"' ;i f.isl.ciiiiin;. (,r sli.ic-striii'f. I,,N'i nt l,;illi,'-ii (!iiii jHccc v.uud, ('nnl'. willi I'h'hr. \,\\i li-.idic.'-' a tiiMicr'!; .ol, a (iivision lA'n c, )mif\ . latlm I,:ilisli,'' .sri,iiiliv(' is Ix'ltnr. I;i.fis|i liMlria,- llin liij^'lic'^l v/orsliip. Inijiroi). t(if-r(-(i/i.]u\..rv n. Tiatroc-iny,'- llicl'i. \(Mv coiilracliMl /(trcfiii/. Li- l;j,!,.ro-n(!-iio (cral v<;r>ii()ii c'i I'dtrwiiiimif. [la Iroficiic) T.ntliMi, Iiltiti,-' l)ia?v^. I'roiu Ih;; \\:A\\\u Idllit.y.A.'m fiiitlicM^'- a window I'onnod ol nclv.ovli. l.it.tin liUva,- iiiallor Winw ;\ \(il«'aiio. Corr. /(//rr(iJi.]»\'.\n or la.va Ijaiidamim,- a ."^"porilir. liuclnro. {(<>'l-nin}>)].{\.t\n.n\un Laiifjii,'- a iniillirul iioi.so. AliiM-lcdiy A;/, limt' Tiiiiif:;lil(M',-a MKM'rv iioin**, sporf. (/■//-/<•.,"/•) liiaC-lcM- TiaiiiKdi,-'' to pill t(» S(!a, <^:r,. Vul;.'arly hiiriifsh.Urn^U Laundry,'- a \vas'iiii<^f room. {/(i!rii.(lri)\,u\-i\To Laiirc!,'- t!io iiaiiu' olau cvfrfn'octi |)Ianl. Inr-ul Tjaw,- a rnlc, (trdcr. Low LoimIoiku.s (;all il /o?\ hm or law Lawfully/ in a lawful manner. (/f/n/'-A;) lau-fiill-lo liawycM','- ono who nrarlisci^ law, a ploarlfjr. law.yur Lazar,- a por.'^on adlirlcd with di.s"as(.'s.(/fA/:;.7/r) la/./.tir Laziir-hoiiso,'- a rcmptaclo for la/.ar.s. (/i«n nfii riiiiiilry, tlicii proiinimccil Kiiniiaily tnlnth. J.iitln. WiiK the I iiiiiiiioii laiii'ii:*"!' iiT It.'ily iiiiiil .IHl. Ilimiiaiy is llii; unly niUinn In wliicli il isi iiiiw s|i:i!iiiii. Aliii|i.;liiil 111 rorc-iscs iiC law in 17I!I. Il was riirtn7;, .'tiid otliiim ol'ilils tiiiiiiaiioii, am of low oriulii. Lattice. ( 'lii'((iirrs, upon (In posliTii oC a puliijc Iioii.kc, ilcnotr that a ('aiiio cillrd Inhlcit may lie playiil wiilon. Ily aiiproNiniatioL; lo a hiiitrr, and liriiiy paiiilud red, tlicy w<;r« corrnptly lalli'd llio rcil litliirr, anamli'Mt lt:rni Cm iilr /idu.ir. /,,rt(r. 'I'lic ri'lriltiaii'd Vilii' law-*, iVoin whcnci! jli:' Ilnnian wcio talr lir, iiiiil rifi' n r.in, "^vliii li ii-i also a rocUiipylHitl. IjHznr /{"«■"'. So named alter lia/.anin, riieiitioned liy the I'lvani'dintH. Ticrt. Spelt .also // (• and liif. I have met with many pcrdoiiM, who upon reading this word in tliu Ibllowin? liiieoCOiay's Klef:y, — "The lowiiif! Ileitis wind slowly o'er llu; Ira" — have RUpiMifod, nnlil set ri-jht, that the poet alluded to herds cros.sin;^ Lra Tiriilfrr. Layman. In a liook, prinli d at Koine, called—" 'J'a.v of the Hacred Koinnn Cliancory," ifl entered, with other suiii.s for llic jianlon of any peculiar xiv, ilie following, — For nvr- dtrivg (I IdymnVf T.i. ;j ' .» u i\ r ^'1 -11 MAMM, or oirnii.Tirv. licnd,-'' to ^o first, {Tiiido, coiKltirf, «]r.n\'. ). ,!o Load,'- llu; next lu'a\i(;.sl imial l»» i:»'!d. 1. .1 Ticat'y,-' lull (»!' leaves. ( 'onuutly liffr. I,. Co IiCnp;n('.- w conlediiracx , measiir" oCiliriM' miles. |,.cir linarued,'' Imvinj:; lemtiin;^. \'n!;!,Mi'ly litni'il. ii.r ncii Tjeaniedly," with hn(»\vle<|M;(! or .sMlJ. (/^^/•//'/•/'') Irir-nmLlo Tjeus(>r,'- one wlio .';!"aiiH or |)!el;.> up eoiii. I,, /nr licasji,'-' ii braec! and ii lull*. Imjiroi'eily /.".v. |,.,..sii r.easl,'' smalU^st. ConloiiiKled with /ev/. |,. ..,.(, Loasin<;-,-' lies, ralsc^linod, deetMt. (/''''•■-/".i') li'-ziitR TiOavcd,-' liiriiislied witli Inlia^c. riii|)ro|». /rr///. i,.,:vM JiOaveii,-"' lo li-rnxMit, taiiil. Soindimes i< nii. |,.v viia TiOCtionary," Uoniisli Herviee-l)ooI(. {/i/:s-iittr-()\, ;,.s|miii ui lo Tjcctiirc,- a foriiial (liscoiir-(>. i\lso Ick-lslntrr. irk-ic'vv.iir Tjoctiirosliip,- oll'nM! of a leeiiirer. (/r/r-/»/*-'.A//') !ik.lo\\.iir.sl)i|i .TiCncli,-a v.aler worm. AiMiiciiily a iiiii/^iriiiii. ]i.,.\-^\i Leeward,-' oi>|)osi(o tlio wind. Com. /m'-iiri!. ]u\.\\i\n\ IjefTute," a i>o|)isIi a' haMsador. ( 'om. lig-gil. \vfraey left. Ii lo iiDinvl il ; -lieiice liieir dis- tinclioii, and tlic iiiisappliiatioii n( the word in ''I w'tW hum liim " liravc (to) for (rood, i< a eoiiiiiioii Iml iiiipinpiT phra-^' ; i^lniiiidlie rutin h/, nr fur rvcr. Jjrctvrc. I'ropcrly a wrilleii, ikjI aii cvlcnipnre Mdijeei. ('(uriipily calli:!! hL.lnr. \jrdgrr. Its riiriit and leii jiau'c-iarc; iiimil)eied alike, (;,i .'I, Ii — 1, •(. Onr leiicr <:li|>pcrH liavc not yet distnrhed llie '/ in tliis word, a." in lliai of i.Uid/rr. Ijrrr/i. I liiivo known a iicimhi soevpcrl and siicessriil at l,:cik nilvhivi;, in Ilic niarnli- CB of Kent, as to tiiake liis./i/.v pimmN a day nlii'! first made :{OflO, and nfterwards fiOOO soldiers. Ltgislalurc (t)io) decided in 171*0, that bank of Kngland iiotea were to pa; s a.-i money. MAM U. t>! 111! I i,siiril\ / wiiliiul Li'i'iv . (''''''."'•'' 1 ll /'i •/.lull. lo [i(n;;ili,' liu- liili <'\(riii. ( ''iriiijiil\ /r/////. Iim|;i|i I.rii;.Ml|i'iii'(!,-' iil.idi' luiit.;, r\!f|liitli II lr|ii'nsy. < '(Hii!innil\' /r /'•//•. li ji.|ii!r Li'.'^l,'"' lliiil i"'l' M-^M [iii'mMiiu'i'il /V'. .'.7. Iiwi. [iCilu',-' a (hniiirlil nl" <'!«!i\ i-'ti. \'ii''„nirl\ /re//;. !.• iho TjcI'm, ;iii iiulr .'/nil ;ililir.'\ i.ilioti Irr /< / .•',•. loij; riCllllcr,-' ;i Siil.iil, l'\. ildlliniil. II ^)|M'<'i('«4. |,.|.|h li('\irnii,' K (in'iii>iiarv ; |m!iialt; in [tli^.-i*'. [!i.\f/i..s/nilc)\\.m\\ ■\n'.:\\i liiil,'- a cin.M- I'or a pul. ^'llli!,al•Iv /i(l\'u\ Jjic,"' lo l(>aii njioii. lm|)ii>M!i'Iy Idij.W liirii/-' a rr(;()<.';nis<'tl ('(iinuiorci;!! s"c:irliy. (//tu/) Irn.im Li(Ml,'* phuM', iMoiii, cxcliaii;.'.'!', lu'lnH". " lu ,,r Ifu- T(i('iit('i»aiicy,.! lli(( «)|]i((> ol" liciiicMniilH. Ic-lcn.im.fio LiiMltciiaiil.-' a (l(>|)illv. Sriiii'linu's llrli'iifiiil . I^.ii ii.uiil Lii'i'^iiiar.l, ' l\ii)fA'>^ iMxIy-iriianl. N n!;';. lir«''<■(<, ,/V /.■/,'* now (>1»>(jU!U;. lijr \,i iintlinir,!. ]■) ofirn usurped liy the new!y iiilnului'i'd wurd of Irvirtlni. \, .sv. ( 'oniinmily IimiI'Mi i ed, wlien n-nlliy tliiM-iiniiiil'' ; iis, — "//'< h-tsn-." Also wilh iriir-ir, l.iitidiiiiisiiis, ^^|li^ll \\iie ilie aeiiein iiiilliui i .iij diajei'i of mn' cin/.enM. I,'/. .'^Ildllld lie sidi;lillllid liii H; deiivalinll III Si. iMllie. H.'-'lt Mis f|iell lilt.. \,i III r. 'I'lmse xldiir illpliiili' I ail" '' illid tWiMily luiir, when ill ieal;l\ Iweiily siv ; t lig" id lii'caii-i' / and /, ini'ellei with ii iind >■, weii' aiicienlly iepi('i;r nied liy llie same charii^ ler. The lioinaus e\pii's-ii'il all iiiiiiilii.is li> III- siv'rii lelicis — I, \', X, !.,(', I», .M. In- ^I'lllcd in l".:;\ pi If^Ji years liel'me (.'In isl. 'I'lm^e iif iPi' llelnews me the re|iieseiitiiti\eH of things ; as Hrtii, a i,iiiisr ; Ciiinl a riu::il. (inr j^cind liiiin AllVed wa-i twelvt; yi.'arMokl lielore he Uiiew liis lelteis, 1,1 I If, III. 'I'lidse iiiiid nil xahiiiL' other l.ui::iiai;i'.- at ill.' expense nl' hnnililin^ their own, Ceneially I all Ihi'lr Dii'tiiiiiaiies hy llie (-la^.lral naiin,' of jirxii'oiis. 'I'lial. of Dr. John son eoulaiiis 'U.illO \\uidH. iiitii. (»iir ti ipliilioii'js tire inostly r'n'McIi. and rei.-iin tliit hooks oid.v. First one xpo- keii of in history, was that fniioeil hy I'; u-lraliis, tyiant of Alliens. Tliat of i'loliniiy I'hiladi'Iphiis, contniniMi; ^iKt.lMlh volumes, was Imrnt hy Cirsar's soldiers. J ,(/r ;.■.■'.-• .'MiiiiL is, in facf.a I'riar: the t'lriner isstalion;'i.\-, hnl :he latter wanders. Iir/.--»/v iiioinenls ot Uiionapar'e, in !ii- pio^perily, weic devoted to <;eoiiii'try ; wliicli ficience, lieiii;i iii arly desiroycd h\ the Aiah.ans, in their riivagcsiil /Mc.vuiidriti, was, two rentiiiies alK'r, reviMil and sitnlud Iiy them. licr//. ■'•111)0 fei'i Mho\-e thai oi'the sea, vefelavlon rca.sos, and till is desolation. litlliirc. 'I'll!' Vinsailles, hliil; ,'ind I'd <«<, aretlii! hesf. villfiarly called (r,/,j/:i?. litmuiis. Amii'iilly cnltivalcd for tin it fra;;rani'e only ; po(,sln'S (>(' li'lil \ !il;:;;;i']v. I'':fifr:i. ] ! i"!i(suni' Intniiri'isi, f;;i\ , fiii'v (/ i-'ii/.'i) LiinrJiirc,- liliii;j;'i of any riu'tal. (//.>/n/-/.s//or) Tjini!),- a iiioiiiIxt, joint, Ijiu-Jj. (.M) liiinl)!),- lit'l!, ili(> coniiiH's «)i' iiiili!r^t sj/iiits, Ijimcliiln,- a kilit t'nr liiiniiii'T limo in. {I'nu-hil) Tiimcf-tonr,- n stoMin to tjcciiro iIk; wlinol. {Iii's'.]>/n)Unix\\.\ Lincanj{>,- a racn. lni|'ro|>*;rly lin.yvflj. I Lineal,*' doscendinj^ in a I'i^iht lino. (l.'.ii/n') Iiinoally,~ in a dircc't line?, ('orrnpf. (in.i/iil.h'. Tiincamont,- a ^lMiMl•(^ {I'm-yo-mi'ii!) Jjinear,-' composed of lines. Commonly lin-yur. liipotb vniv," a fainiinsr Tit {^ !>-p:ft7i-nm-r Liqnesceiit,-^ incllinc;, di.s;-'<)lv"u'j^, f;ro\viii;^ soft. Iwqnid,"' clea'r. *A liquid ('nid' id C(itr.inoii.(///.vV/) 1 (ii.Ji-c.da.shuny Li'inidation,- a (.'learin^ o ;r. Licpiids,'- the letters or semi-vowids, /, ;/?, 71, r Liqnor.'i a li(inid, s!roiirr drinl to drench Litany,'- u form of [)ublic prayer. Cur. lit nc. lite MP 'niti ili'-tiiivjf iio.-iiin Mull lim.rn!i.to\vr Mm iJm !io liinc.kil lirnn.Btono iim lin-knii'-' iti itlotli.o ino li-kwr-s-suat i!;.kvvid lik-wo-iluslnin lik.kwiclz Iikiir lit-uii.o Ttimh. Wiion l rnllnws m nt the mil ufa word, it i.s nrvor isoiindcil, liimlin. Tln! Catlidlics', in tlnii iiii.'-.-:i!.-i, prrCcr il in i;s li ^.t iiu'nniiiL'. ^,imc kiln. A viiiulnr \)\' l;il» iiiriHarly ciuiiii'i's dii." nun Inlii limi'-l,in. liiiirolii'f fnii I'lililti. AiiprniiiiiUi (I In \\ ri.-iliii'.' in Iii',(). ;ir!('rxviirils (.'.xorcising grouncJ for lionsps, mill icsnrl nt'lliiovri : raiN'i! in rrid I'lTiuiilicil iti I'lUi. \ii»cn rntrs (lii'st spccimi'u nl'|).i|i(i' niiuli: nl) is in Itintt'ln liliriiry CJcrniany. Itinin (Iri^li) Caciniy nridffnaliil witli llnM'nrl (il'StratrnKl, wlicn vice rnv. Iiinklioti, l{ick-s!:(ur.t, hutrncuhs. I<(ni(»n, in liis I'lynmlo^'v, ('all'< piiln Wi-ock. "Line. Ill the navy, means a siiip nl'war, can\ ini' iic'\cr Ic-s iliari lil gui.^. JiinrasT'' Il<'io tlio in. r.rc iioi, as sonic v, ipiil.l in'iniaii', a ilip'itlioiitr. Lin/r. Writtnn in our piniintiniini; (liriiniiarirs, liii/r/;^ a.s its true orthoepy. Iiiqunr. Is snhjiTt to \\w hailiiirnns tiaiisriiriiinlinn nC ///.-/rwor ; and anions tltf" learn- r(2 of tliis flas?:, Iha'.f (ivt.'riitaid /.',i/,(/ ipinlcd as an aiUhority. Tin; duty upon all cx- ciF'.'ablc lif|iiid!^c.\c<;((N the wlinliMtvcnii'' (d l!ii-.=ia. 1,(7. (). of to hi;ht. lis Irani, ir I'lnnKilimi, liii/ii J, is innnifidy tnoro cnricct. l.itanij. Introduced in iliiiieiies alinnt 1 !.'!. and to iliat oC I'milaiid, in !.'>4;{. L/7^' (M. do1 wlio is now iiviii?:, wroto and cnnipesed Ijii! .Miirsril/ais lij inn- liilac. Of this plant there are- three -peci'is, lii/' vul::aris, pei-.ir:i, ami snspciisa. Ii»s(. Our iiiif.ivers pns^ets a li-t nl' ITiD!) p.'iM.ns lesidi'iit in Iiondoii, aiul its suburbs, whose united fortunes would pay oil'tliu naiioiial deht. (.S()0,OII(l,(ii)0/.) hions, tigers, liycnas, and jaguars, are tli« mooi. fcror.iouss in hot climates. Note. Some Adjectives in ish, ns Jlghlish, arc avoided, wlien possible, by pood writers. Remark ; — It is said of a man iiitoximted, "'I'li.at ho is in liquor ;" but ns the liquor Is plainly in him, this is a mistake: nuulit to bn, "(s inebiiatod, drunk, or nhanped into a beast." Again, of a lunatir,— " (le is out of hi.j senses ;" tliis iri also wrong: shonid be "Is a maniac; has lost, (jr is bereaved of, liia senses," M.vMAL oi' n'- in -|)iri iij'o il il-In -anient -ar 1-0. mo •s-siint /id i-duslum rU\z .1 Tjitiuiy," a iorni ttf piiMic |)riiy«'i' liiU'iiil,-' w.M'd lor v.ukI. \ uln' 1. ( oi* /;/. nc. lit-iin-i) ICM';ir\','' rcluliii'i In IcIum's. cillt'd lil-ntl. ht.mMil ilui 1). lil-iir-rr. hitMur- liitoniliiii','- skill ill U.'iicrs. {I'd-ru-lur) LillicsDiiu',-' pliiiiil, llillV^'^^ Im|»j<»|). ihsiun. Lilln>|.';riiitliy,- cii^i.iviiifi; on .stouu. [Iii/ui<(/'ai;)) Lili<;'ous,'' iiiclii.cil U) hiW^iiiiiH. [Ic-dd -ijiis) Liti;^;i(»ut;l\ ," in u croud ui. tuner. (/: -iid.i/us.lc) Lilllo,^ siuall. Anbcl(!(llv culled he/. ill. U Littoral,'' lyiii<; iu:iir the .seii-slw^ri', {Ht-ritl) Liturgy,- our c(ju;ujou jirayer. Coiiip. in lo 17. Livery,- a certain dreas. Connuoiily liv-re. i Liveryinaii,'- weiiriiijx liverv. {lio-rc-min) (Hi'./n) (lit'-inJc) Viiljif. llv.iw '{liLs.ir.nJ) Liviufi;,-' a cliiireh heiu'iico. Livin^ly/ in ti livin;^ N'.ale. Livre,-' !i I'reneli coin, \alii(! 10 J. Lixivial,'' (djtiiiucd by li\ivi'.iiu. Lixivium,- lye made «>t' ashes and \vater(///.-.s7/w) Li/ard,- u small cre(;piii<; animal. Lhuuhitr,- a bishopric in Wales. Lo !'" look ! see ! Lonchnit-iinH, lor and lorl-. Loiich,- a small lish. iMisproiiounced IdcJic. Loam,'- a rich earth. \'u!.'j:arly called loo/ii. Loamy,"* consiisting oi' loam. Corrui)lly loo-iuc. ro lil.iir-ri.towr liUl-NIMll li-tli<'>;.fr.i.r(! litul-jw-H3 li.li(l-jc-i!3.io it.tui Ilt-iir 111 iit.iir-jo liv vnr.ro iiv.ur.re.muu liv.injj liv-iiig.lo in.vnr liicK.Iv yul lius.fv-yuiii li/.-7urd lan-dtlf !o lothh lomo 1(3- mo t ■cisiiig ground ny. ifcck. Y- insllio ham- upon all cx- f. I. iin. )ciisa. (1 its giibiirli.i, Rood writers, the liquor is langoil into a g : slioiild be I XJidint: comes Cinin a (.'reel; wiml, and nifviiis u as iiMi: in wrllfnr icmiI his ii\vti iKiiiin. Littlr. A learned diiclui- ( /( i(///.-\i ricinniiichils ^ -\-'£v>7 a.-> ils hii|)'.'>'|:iiivl', wliitli liii? not been followed, aiiil I t-lioiild iiii!i:.ii;ir iicni'i' will. \U!i rarij fi rtilHij. IPniH i^niks ni' Xuii'inbi'ij;, lioni 14!)4, coinpoffal 0048 picro^. Lithoi>rtiii/ni, wa.s distovi'icd, l.-Cli. Iiy Aloys .'■"i infi Idcr, a ''I'liiian iiclor. 'J"li(." ]!ril- aiiiiia" was Hit- (irni work In wliicii ('ii;;iii\'C(l iiirdai:< iip|ii:iii->cl : iind Siiccil's <.'liioiiif,l(', wliic.li soon lollowi-d, illiistra'f il uiili llial ol'cioius I'lom tlic (Mbiir't ol'.Sir Uohcrt Cotioii. liilurfii/. (icni'ially Uic uori'iiionlal ol |niblii; worship; (o.iiicily iIil' ri)iniiianiun : many oCils prayers ascribed lollio lallu'is and apos;l,'s, are now Imlitas spurious. Jii the Eu- glislicliur(;ii it iscalli'ii (.oniiiioii Prayer, auil aiiioii<; Uoiiiaiii.>ls llie Mass. hivcrijitivn of Ijondon are ".i'-.!J : tliiMi; are HI coiiipanic ', but 8 of iliiiii liavo no livery. \,irie. "I would ai //c'-.v {irillunrl;!) do it," is cxlri'iiiely low. 'I'liu verb is pronounced Bliort, but tlie adjective Ion;;, wlieii applied lo !i. !i, as, Ui!i> lisli. 'I'lic li\xs oi' ritMicli pea- sants, from eating iiiucli bread, and but littlu iiioal, lire of a Uunitioii nut e.xcucdiu!^ iwo- tbirdri of tliosi; in J^iiL'laiid. luvivgs. Under .'iO/. (ler annum, am dlsrlmrped (Voiu first friiita and trntlij ; there arc ."i.CiOO: if non-presiMitfd (1 nionllis afier fallliii,' in. lapse lo tlie slate, 'i'liiise In llic Rift of Oxford IJniversily ai(! 410, and ol' <,'ainbri(lj;i! 'J'.i-J. The ruveiMii s of the foniior excwd tliOHU of the latter, by lll,(HHIZ. per annum. (Jur oilier chmcli picleimeiii!, are about 12,000, o.vclll^ivl! of dignitaiics and cuihcdruls, which were erected liy ilie iieiicdicliiieii, who first tbiindpd that of f'anterbiiry. \,inre. Also called li-vnr. '{'here are two sorts, tlic Tonrnni.-t and the Parisis. LIundaff. VVilli thai of St. Davi.l, fi->i.i their low revenins, iiavo no dean. ljya;n. Called Inm by a learned orlhoepi-.I, and ppelt Limchy soiiiu wiilcrj. il^l ti 48 MA-NTAL or oKTnoi;p\. Loan, 3 any lliitig lent, iunrost of uiotiey. Loath,-' unwillini;, baclv.,!!(!, nut ri,:t>i'riii>l. hiih c! lolh-s'nn. Lob, 3 t'.i lei lali <:ai'e!USHl\' irtObsub.'tc. i.iiii l.tlio lull.if hum lob be lou.skoush lob. slur lokul lo lok lok-rum lo-kurn le-ncns lu-kuKt lode star lodo-slono log-als lodj-ik lo-jlsh-shun lo-gist.ic IdcT-lino Lob(!,2 a pi'.rl Oi'iiie Inr.^.s. 3*ron. as writleii. 1 liobsco.ich,- ship ha^li ul" nipas Ci p-oiatoGs. Lobytcr,- a shell iisli. Nicknjiiso for soldier. Locally,'' with respect to situation. (Jok-vl-Ie) Loch,2 hociy of water, ypelt also hngh. [lotsh) Lockram," a very coarse linen. (Juk-rnm) Lociim-tenens,"a deputy. Cor. lohum tc-neas. Locust,2 a very large devouring insect. Lodestar,- the pole-star. Properly loadstar, Lodestone,^ the magnet. Corrupt. lodcstun. Ldggats,- an ancient game, now called skittles. Logic,'-^ right reasoning. Formerly logiclc. Logician," a person skilled in logic. Logistic, "* relating to sexagesimals. Log-line,'-^ the lino to mark a ship's way at sea. Logwood,- a wood brought from Campcachy. log.wood Loin," the reins, wuist. Vulgarly line, loyn Loiter,^ to idle away time. Corruptly li-tur. loy-irr Loiterer,- an idle person. Commonly li-tur-ur. loy.iu. ur "Loan. A loiin of 1/. for n week only, in ISiiO, produced is. interest : and 13 per cent was allowed in 1307. St^ttled down to 5 per tent, at the rpstoi-atiou. hoatfi and loathe. Tlie a is soinetinics oniilicd. A late pliilnlo^iT, wiio ronfoiinded and accented them alike, is accused of this innovation ; a proof tliat even a dictionary is not infallible. 'J'his is tlie lot of all living lanpuapes, and is su peculiarly the character of tlie French, that if it were pu.ssible for Vollairo, ita iireat renovator, to revisit wis country, he would find 8onii'f niiilersioo'l. lioltstcr. A term first applied, in ihe lebeilion of K'lU, to a body of horse, under Sir VV. Waller, on account of their bfi .(; Inr.ased in brisjlit iron shell armour. Lobsters arc fouiul on rocky roasts: on'', has been known to pi(idiiterly J vn- sum. lono.sMm Long,-^ Iniviiif^ ]en,';tli. Provincially lung. \ong Long Acre,- built on ground called 7 acres. long.a.kur Longboat,^ the largest boat to a ship. lonjf-boto Longe, 2 .. thrust : ancient oriliog. oi' lonft, \nn6'^ TiOngimeh-y,- the art of nicasuiiiig distance. lonjTra.e.tra Longingly/ with incessant wishes. long-ing-le Longitude,- the distance of any part of the earth from east lo west of any given plyce. l6n-ji-tood Longly,7 ^vjth great liking. Now obsolete. iGng.lo Corruptly lung.sum. long. sum Longsome,"^ dilatory. Longways,''' in length, or extent. {long.wise)\rmg.wviZQ Long-winded,"* havuig good breath, tedious. long-win-ded Loo,2 a game at card.s : ini;)ro])erly spelt Ju. loo Loobily,^ awkward, clumsy. {lahele) \oo.h\\.\Q Loof,5 to bring near to the wind. Prop. /////". luf Loom, 5 to appear at sea ; ~ fool, bird so called. loom Lnllanl:'. I'loio loliiiin, a t'lrc, lui'i^ liclil to ho laros sown in Glirist's vineyard. Ijomliard &. PiimiiK. I'aiisi:iii ili\ iiM"s, I-OII. lit si ailii|);i d //or/oi- ilistrad of mastr.r. J^omhiir III. Am ii'ioly, a loiiipaiiy oi Loii'i'iinls, wliiisi' anus wi'ii- Iliri'e liluc l)alls, eml- praiio!.', seliird iji l,nii(iiiii, atid ^ave iiiihk' !ii (.ninliard Suiil. 'J'lii'y wcrellie first who lent iiioni'V iii»iii pli il'ii's; hcoci' I lie a|i|ilic,iiioii iii'ilii/'c liiilin upon tiie door of a pawn- broker. Jiiiniliaid, was I'ornwily a ciirniit iiatiic lor usipcr. Loom (a weaver's) was lirsl Iociiil'IiI iiilu tliis coiiiiiiy I'Miin Holland, aliout IC76. .'.ondoii. lis l;isl census { iH.'fl) is l,47i.ns',i. 'I'liii liislicp iroiir metropolitan ; of Yorft onr An lihi.-linp, ami of t^'anicihiny our I'liniale. Its cliariiies ecpial those of all other Kuropean r.-ipiials. 00 niiilion.s ol propern- an' sliippcd and .inshipped from its port an- nually ; in wliii'.li lime, luore sliip> Kail liicrrt'rom ilian all plaiTs in tligu-(ii!.i, i.s ol'ieii .■'iippliid by it.s corruption. Lnngviniinl- A commercial teiiu, lo. one who is slow in his payme'iits. litng robe. 439 gentletiien of the long robe, i,e. barristero, travel the circuit!, il r 1 1=' t 50 MANUAL OF ORTITOErV. Or Jioo'pJi.ohd. Looped,3 full of holes. Loose,5 to unbind, deliver ; •'unbound. (Ihize) Looacstrire,2 an iierb. Conimonly h-s-lr[f. Lorimer,^ bridlo-cuUcr. Itiipnnelt lorhivr. 1 Lose,5 to suffer loss. Confounded with lr,r,sc. Lottery," game of cliancc. Abolish, in En'-Iiind. Lough,^ a If'iko : often writ. loch. |)U/.. canaUie. Louis.d'or,^ a French coin. Vulg. Icx-is-nor. Louisa,^ a Christian name. (loo-iah l^' Jon.'^e) Louisiana," a hot & unhealthy slate of America. Lounge,^ to live idly. Corruptly liiirje. Lovelily,''' amiably. Often mis-ppch. Lovesome,"^ lovely, amiable. Now disused. Low,3 deep, little, poor, weak. Low,^ to make a noise like a cow. Lower,5 to bring low, reduce, sink. Lower,^ cloudiness. Anciently Jour. Lowlands,^ marshes. Corrui)tly Jo. Inns. Lown,^ a rascal, used by Scoff*- pro. s|)clt loon. Lowt,^ to overpower, pout. Beconio obsolete. Lucre,^ gain, pecuniary advanta^^o. (./"'O Lukewarm,-* moderately warm. Vid. loo.warm. Lullaby ,2 a nurse song. Contrac. ontd-u-hab;/. Lumbago,^ pain in the joints, &;c. {l:niibah<^o) luopM Irioso luose-trilo ir o-iaur lonzo lol.ur.ro lok loo-c-doio loo.C'.zah loo-c-zi-in-ah lounjo^ luv.lo-!c luv-sura lo loe lo-ur lou-ur lo- lands lane lout inn-kur lukc-wiirm lril.l;i.J>= luni-bu-go XjOrd, or Baror. First granted in Fnglfind, by pntr nr, tn Rirl-aid II. in \M?^. Tin- Word lord is an old Saxon one, souicwiiaf cliaiigcil, and liiiiiiis loiifnriiun^'. 'lUu Spanish title of Z>on, coming from (/oi/i, iJow/HJo', JH tlicr(M'ori'. (;(|Uiviili ntlo it. ('i)rrii|(. m;/ Ivl. Lord Chancellor's salary, lixcd by Henry 1. was itn. a day, svlili a livery 'd' jirovisinn.^. So named from a lattice called caiiccUun, wliicii, anticiiiiy, lio sat bciiinii, in avoid t)iu erowd. Lord's prayer^ is a sfmploof pnre Englisli, containing few words of f.niin nri'jin. Lord's supper. Oar Undefrncr insiilnicd and |iaiioi)k (d' it in iiic evi-uiii'.^ ; tlniiigh now QDaccountably adminislered in the nioriiiiij;: lin din; canii! in wiili ir.iM^'ulwianiiation. iottcry. First drawn in England wasi at tlir; docir (.i'f't r.-iiil'.s ('aiiKciial in I.iOU. I saw tbisgnrac was eagarly ftdlowcd in America, r.-^peiially llie eiiv cil A'cw 'Sfiik. Louis-d'or. Tlic old is worth 17.;. and the new I/. First coined liy I,n;iis ?\IIT. H,;r(nf> ihe revolution, the French clergy woro i:>0,0',l(), ^^ iili a r."vrn\i.' of .">' millions. The Sce.-< pf our prelates were converted into temporal baronies by William Uiucon^ineror. Louisa. This name, ranking amonusf tlic f\ve('te.st tliat we p.^.^sc-s, come- fioni ilio humbler of Lucy ; as Jlmrirtta from that of llarrii^f, .Mnri.i-inc iiom Mary, and ilic plaiu tppellation of FAhnhcth pruned into the more clcuant of i;ii>-,a. Lovedf is pronounced full, as all jias.'jivo (i, in tin- H.'riptiiros or any patlie;ic work. Lovier {lover) is a cockney i.sin. Ijurre : vr, riuling ".voril.s, soimd like ur, or rr. Lower. Its orthography nc<'d^^ alteraiion, to di>lin;;nisli if fiom llie verb. ^FootoC— for Hotocr end of the tabic' is improper, and came frr.it from Soi.i'.'ind. Lucerne. Often spelt lucn-n. Rronght Tfoni tiie I'al.itinato in li'oO. Lunatic enquiries (in) a comini.<.«ionnr recoive.-i;i. and a juryman 1 fuinen dally. Louisiana. Much of its land hein<.' lower than the ri\ei-.-i', foVm immense swamp;'. LoUf 3. A certain orthocjji.st, in hi.s poetic dieiioinry, rliin.cs it \vi;li hoir. 'J'lio Unhr mian language, for it.'^ richnes.s and mcjodv, i.o the best" adapted for |K>otry. A Bolienii-an mile ia next W> OlUonburgh ; this 10,830, that 10,137 yards. a.: MANUAL or OUTIIOEPif. 51 Lumber, > id, in America, to fell (imber. Uim-hur Lnuoh,- Ibod eaten botween mouU-. luntsh Lancltc,'- in foriiiicfilion, a baif moon. (full )\oo.nci Lnnuwori.- a plant. Corrnptly as spelt, lung.wurt Lush,-^ a t.ri\ 'I'Ik' llii^'lisli, I'rnno to innovation, have tlioiifrlif proper to change it into iuto- striv;s •' — ^vlio cvir hi'aid ((('.•^iik mad'' (Voiti llie erriiirrs cf a lute ? hiUrstrir!:'. 1 am afraid, from inailnuidii, tliat iliis coriiiption i.«i past recovery. l,ujiir?'. ill lli.n, it was if.-tiaiiK'd iiy law; and. 13-iO, Cli.irlns of Fiance issued this edict, — "j,ct no man prcsmnc to tirnt wiili tiiorcihaii a f-oii)) and twodislios." l,iil!i:r'.'i hy;nv. "(Ireaf God, wlint do I lic'ir and see," li;d tliu way, at the reformation, to an iiii'irovcini lU in sane d inu.-i'', till then heconie wild and ne^dected. I never beard it more ln^auiifully execiitL'd tluiii in (Jlialliam f-Jf, C'lia])el, New York, when there in the winter of IH?.:). huiirraf. Mr. I'larry, tiie actor, cnlli'd it pvopi>r!y h\-pvr-]Kn], but was lauj^hed at. liyans. IhvW I^ic'.v, cliirliy ii:a'Uil',iri:i Td Ciaj).'; a stulfinveiiterl at Bologna. liiirr. Is as''il""! to 'I';i in ';.'i: .n .-, tiic llirypiian .Mercury, aition,": wlioin musical instra- nietUM were ve'^y early lo rpelt i)t(;rl:crrl ffnln. Mivhhr. Vu'f;ar eoniparaiivc of mad ; but never elioson Iiy correct speakers. Mulr. I have seen broad rlolh imdn in ,^lnerica, rivaling tliatnf my own countr5r. Marleirn. rrodiiroft about 10,(101) ni|'eg of wine yearly, wJ)ilst there are upwards of 40,000 solil onnunlly in 10uiop<;! "(ii\e me," taid a I'^jeiicli wiin? merchant, " its boUM" notice of what wine yon like, and yon sliall have it out of tliof* two cnnkM !" I ^ 5S MAWrAT. OP oitrnorrr. Madcmoi.scllo,^ an iinmnrriot' I.i:f7) mail-o.nioiz-xcl Maelstroom," a whirlpool on l!if! Norway coast, ina-il-stroin MacrOj^ famous', ronowiiofl, rrlcbratf cl. mern Magician,- a |irolcn(lrr lo skill in m:!j;ic. niii-jisli-fjuin Magnanimity,- hravcM-y, \'<;. {mag-mun iinc-lc) rnn^iiii-ii-irn-clo Magnesia,- a. nicdicimil pnudf'. {ii.<'i':^-iiiif aUraclioii. (//.•f'^''""'/^") m^'P-nc-tizcm Magnificent,-' Sjdcuulid. (^nKiij^-iiiJ'-c-aheiil) iiiii^r-iiif.io.ncnt Maliogany," a valuable brown wood. ma lir. "iihn .is, Inil a riiy iir Iiorougll, 7». M only. Ther« ari' 5371 iiiacisiraK's in lliisiland, I.'!.f4 ol' w hnrn an' clcriral. Mngnanimitii- Is smncliiiii'^ cuniiiiily ai ccnli'il un ilic Minml .--yllaMi'. Magnesia. Originally sold at l{(iiiii', i)y a ic;;ii!ai- caiidM, so laii.-aH tlic 17lh century. Magnetism, fs forrilplcd. aiiioiii; llic vulvar. lINi' i liiti;i]a;jsiii. Mahogavy. Has a uutiiiial iiKiiMiriciaiinii, auiniit: (he trade, very liki- wejf iin-m>. The tree, Rrowiii;: in tlie West liulirs, allaliis a lii!i:;lil, (d's (lor wtio ran {.'iicss tin; ilircts id (JKiMrc .'l llert' Hunt may l)o\ ; iir .Maliimicl iiiav daiici' '' — Dr. .IdHNsnv. JfatZ. Letlerfl were liiHl inailcd, sd lately as \'i!^i. Oar mail ruailieH trnvrl 12,0001 inil''« per liiglit : .'>() inns send nnt and receive ini'ie tlian 7(!il inail and .siani' iDaclics. Maintain. Who a suhdncd eniMX iat! .I(din. ^t, alHH r> "0 titliPf sinCO. Ma/zc. Torn, ill I'liiijlaiid, ineaiift all sor.'s ol' u.am. Iiat Aini'r.ea, In linn luirn w\\y. ^\agiclanthnrii. Hy rdriiiaoii i '.liil.iiers anil llie viili'ar. called j.'a-/(;»;< i sliow. V\aflstriii»n. So dreadliil as In ihaw In ships, iSc even wiiales, a di.-iance orniany lliilcB. tiXngie. Originally diiidted a kiiowl' (lp;e nl ihe nidri: siililiaie parts ol' |iliddsdpliy. JAalachi (with) accorditic to llelnew ii stini'inv, the spiiU ol pn pliei v cra-ed. Man (a; cnnsiiincs 12") cnliic inches of air dally . inakiny also 'J:i n fpiraiioaii in a min- ute. His greatPst, mental power is dcvclopeil lii!\\"eii the a:'"i- ol \'> and M. Maltese. Hence, It is reasonably inlerred, that Malia lirlnnjred lo i!::.' ( 'arthafreniunB. Ualt. Tliirty inillinn biisliels ul barley are converted yearly into mall in Hniiluiid. Note : — " Therr> were also fm nthrr matifnctor." led with liim," Luke jrxiii, 32. Tlli« I ii clearly wrong, inasniitcli an it implies, that our Saviour was a malGfoctor. MAM'Ai- or oiJTHurrr. &S -nioiz-zol Strom li-f Iiun iii-ri-im-r.lo lisli-slio-a ic-liz-rrn lif'.ib-Rcnt ir-un-o tllC't sale iino tc-ntinsB (iti.tont 10 ;in zc i<7.e null niil.Iur.rs rougl), 7». (M h century. ' iin-nc. The of 7. trnvrl 12,000| ''oaclius. vin. utters. I tinips since. "H only. li\V. iii.iny iiiiJcB. ■opliy. -.(1. IIS ill a min- infTf-niunB. ilfiiiiid. ii,32. Tlili cfBc:or. Mane .1.; :\r fed s!iii' \'n'!jj.ir!v mat Hit. Miiii;i,er,- a troti/'i to li-'v] liorsrs in. {iiriiiji'r) MiUiillc,- ii l.r.ifc'ci, iiiiirio ol" ii riird. l^IiiiuiMivrc,* hlvill'iii r.iMi. '.;!,■'■ ;iit. ( (/■"//) n;a.nccz iirliii-iur mii-iiii mi/i~u-rtir)u)n.iM\.var Miiiiliia,- a [•.iiiil oi'sil!;. iiuinl-(t, if nuirli, a'ntsiii'>"n'': to tlu! Sf;n. ( ). ma/'-rni) inu.rccii M;irii!s,"-;i naiiK!. hi ilic !.;iiii iw.iHcuYmc oi' Duirid. mfi-rc-tia Mar(}ue,2 a shij), rc[»ris;d. Vidnriirly iiuir-hwn. mark MnrqiKio,- a tent. Vijlj'ailv 'i.'Ktr-Jiirc III a: Mi mjiiis.- :i(.".\l !o II ( lidv-0. ( mnr.iur.':;y, or ni(trqins.'i) mar .ko kwis Miiri'ow-lat,- a pcculiariy (iiic poa. (inal-/c- fat) mdr.ro. fa.t Miirsli,- Mars'.iN ,''!ii«;i;!i\', a \>>>tr. \' . /ifsh: mnsh-c. mursli, marsh • Martinmas, -Nov. 1 1 lii Coin, mtirtil or nuirticnias. mar-tin-mus Mtissacro,*' lo miirdi-r. \ td Manrii. niiri.'iL' Ilic isic, niin. i' iifllic Hiil,!il- rniiip'iini tiiani'i, cxplndrd ill 1825, tnilllonS clin'i:;i'(| li.ituls :iiiil lliuiisiiM'N wcri' kmIihi'iI i'iiiiii ;iiiiii('iic<' in lnv'L'ary. M'/||(;/*•.t^r. 'I III' « iiiiiiii ill .mil iiriir lliir- Inwii iiir iciMarknlil": liir siiioakinfj. M()«.-i/aw.< (li;iriiii.-ii wrii' amii illy ra.-liis: wv. Iiaj Il.l in llltl. Hiiilt at tin; ronqucsti M«n7i/(v,/, a «'liiiMM' Miililituaii. Must caHicra i aiiK s ciniic Id us hy initoioiiaries. M(ih;/>'-j//i/v (iiSii \V. Sr.tfs iiii\i Is (i:ti wi'if sniil, liy Dvaips, I'all Mall, for 317/. INId/i ilirsi (.'rcriaii, ^ays ;: anil Irmilli'is. I\rsl llCi". Viiluarly raflH-is. ^\ailiiriil(i(T'i i)[ I'.ij.-,! Iiin-.tlom' into l,.'itiii liy St .Imniii', now Inst, was the tmist ancient. i>\aririniil i/,it'.i in oin IkIiIi's, .arc taken iVoin itli|i. I .-lier".'.' elniniolDiiy, piil). I(i5() !M/(c/,(. ! •i.iuiiiaily a small villaire, lii;nie(l liy Kienrll refnuees. M (niii'n. Sea sdIiIiims: li.i ve Uiree .^latiniis, \ i/.,. ( lialliani, l'orl>inon;li, and I'lymoulh: ditler liy one |e|!er only, rrniu iiiiiriiur, Init are jis inurli opimsi'd a.s lijlit to ilarkni.-b's. M/ir-i/iitl .Anvii'iiilv, ,i sn.i ol«,// ■,.•, Iin* imw, a liiiili niiiilary and civil otiiix'r. Wd .')». 'I'iie soci ;y ol" h'ri'i ii:,iso»s is tlie niosi ancient and extensive in the world. Md.-'.v. l/iir.'i /H-(\.v, anion" i'ninaiiisis, is a lull clioir, s;i<:re(l music, niid llie cerciuonial: loin must, .-im llie pi a-, i i > ili liven d wiilioiil aci'iinpaninii'nl.s. Mrt.f.Vr. VVie'i \lr. is aiDiiDim ■ d .Mliiiicii >n Is kept up : ia this lespe.l p'-ovincia's have llie advaiilau'e. TI18 pn.'li.xan of Mr. in an adilres-, is L'eiiei;\l!y niiderslood to dislint'iiish a minister of (iissent j'rom a cleiiryni.in of lla; <'.-.:alilishineii! ; ilii! iniii.ils of |iie lallei's l.'niversily decrees iic- iilg a^laclii'd in the end of his iiaine. are ihiiimiit :i siidicjear distincli'iii ; wiiilsl the for- nuM-, r|ecliniii!{ for the most pari, acad.'niii'al lioMors, has no aiiiiexaiioii of th<^ Hort tliere- lo, l)iit a coiirieoua appuUalion |iieci:diiij! ii. Tin) introducuon uf both is, in ii-i instancei de.'anod itiojicr. Mfifitirn in ('hancery, are ordina-v nad p.xtranrdiiiary ; tliesc are indefinite nnd reiid* in provinces; but tho.se consist of twelve and dwell inLoiidon. H i 54 5r.\.Nu.\L ()T anno htrc. IMaiiri:*,^' early prnyois. Li.'cin^ly «i/7.r»y. Mritroii,'^a jifuve uonr.in. Gciviutiy r:ud-ri:n. Muttur,'- a (;orru}>ii()ii tVom woundy. {)if"Uvr) rvlriugrc," in sjjito ol'. no sviilisfiUKiiii.'j. ijf'^i) MauPi'ler,^ to gruuibly. I'iipi autly niaiidur. Mausoleum,* a imif^iuucent i:)iul>. (mvs-lum) Maxillar,-^ liue the jaw-loue. (mags-zil-lur) MByoralty,-' mayor's oUico. Vul. rndTjoraJlry. Mazurka," the rolish national dance. [scnts. Me, oblique case oi' i, \v hich it oi'cn /;r/s-rc'j)re. Meadow (beaver)'- artilicial nmripfi in Canada. Meagre,3 loan, tiiiii. Coxv\\\A\y full. Meconium,^ juice of poppies. {}uc-i.r,n-ytnn) Mediator,^ an mterces.sor. impro]). Iih'd-iiillcr. Medicament," any tbing liealinj?;. Coin, on die. Meiuns,2a fruit. There aro 20 varioiics. Mel[>omcne,^ muso ol'tra'r.'idy. (tncl-po-nu'en) Memoir,^ a sketch. {'inem.icar cy vu-m-uore.) Menagerie,^ a place for beasts, {me-uahdj-ur.i) iiuTlh-ur-wo infil-lina tiui.tron iniit-ur md\v-'oroii(l syllf.ble. Vfatter. Heiu(: — "Tiielmok is full of iiiiillor" Urf'irinaUon'i is improper. fiiaundcr. Some sny mtirndcr. Mcinrd is an iirtiiifinl roi" on hcpparn arms and legs. "Mausolmw. r'roiii Mnn.^oinfii, wlin li.-.d n very fi p'Mh s'piilrlire, cgtccnied one of Uie wonders ol'tlie world, I'rccicd to Iiis nuinoi y l)y l;ir wil'o Ailf:iiiisia. Mayor. A lato writ''!" rnlis it ;.".'•. In J.nndoii an.| Yorl< lic i,-; siylvi lord mnyor. Mayor of Qarrat h Ilic pro; idi lit ol a \ iJlriSC tluli, to resist tucic);i( liiiuMits on i:s ('oiniiion. Maivrka. VVni!ori;;ii;!illy a wrir danco ol'tlin iiroviiicuolMa'-'ni-, iMasovin. M«?WtJi ftsri-.", is th:>\ ill vvliicli ii'i i)iisoi;er icreivfo si'nt'jjifo of di'atli. Kaliivg cloclss is ascrilifil to liociiiis, tidO; racitinisof Verona, atul Hilvpstcrin 101)0. nay-be. A Somerset snl), liliilioii i'tn- jif rlm/'s, wiiicli is a ;;reat lrav( licr. measure. We (biinerly had lour, viz., lor wiiie, wall liiiuov, corn, and roal. Our font measure oAve? it? c:\tent iind appc'llr.iion to that ot a^i ancii nt I'riiisli kin;j. ucdicamrvt. l;s accent, in co!,.;ii(,:! ii.-r, moves l-i lin^ seroMd syllable. Mcdj'cme (mcd-c-sin.) Also a term applied ly the {\|and;Mis, a nation dweilinp on the banks ol'tlie iMissonri, (o all things wliieli they er.nnof (lu.lersrand. Inipropuiiy prouounc- od mcd-sin, wiiidi it is ai!eni|itetaiion : — "is any sii U 1 The i;;an oT Iloss ieli(>ves, I'lCFcrihes, attends, the tinil'ch'.r makes and civen." It Is here, Jiovrcver, nrcessaiily contiaeted, and is tlicri^lore no authority. HcaBure (feut) in Latin and Grei.'k poeiiy, a lonjr and short nyllaiile : they Iinvc 28 feet. medical tests npoii the Iniiirs, so iinieh relir-d on at 1. nests, hav(! of'ien Tailed. Kcadoio [beaver] is formed hy these e.vtraordinary animals, jiiul with wonderful sagaci- ty, in the wood or bush, to retain siifficier.t water lor tlscir liahitations. Kcmbcrs, chairinjr. From the nnrtliein iiaMonssliouWitMingtheir kin;,.H alV-r an election. Thopc in college.'! have pratuities ; bet of halls pay their o^vn charffs. A i. member of the HouBC of Asaembly, or I'arliainont, Vork, II. (^ receives JO.-;, a day during' the seejinn. Mf» tracts of) are five, iiumely, r.uropean, Asiatic, Anioricaii Indian, Malay & African. Baebari.sm :— '-A woar-j! [mattrr^\)\i{ j.r.-porlv \ipiFard.-<] of Ion tiiore. " RlfU**' for mellow poar; nought for viiffkt, marvel for maroic, and marc i'otmaj/or. Ii-iir-w'o • liiis Iron •iir vn-dur v-so-Ieum ;s Il-lar 'ur-ul-te zur-kah ■do frur oncyum ^G.il.tur -o.kt;-raent lunz pom-en-e iioir ludj-ur-G ilinc. iiiattris. I;. We. r. arms nnd lees, lined one of Uic il mnynr. RTnyor s cdiiniiDn. via. .ostcrin 1000. foal. Our font '. Vul. jKtrrti ; ccrr. i:iurcy, mcT-no Mere,''^.i larfjo iiilto, as that of Windermere. mecr Mermaid^ ti soa-wo!i!!in. Vulfravly nuvc-inald. mnx.nwAo Melhodical,3 ra::ge.d i;i f.u-.'loi-. (,7/r('/i.o..rL'/r.??/) rnr^.tl.nil.o kul Mezzotioio,- an t)!)(?r<;v:n;f. Corr. raexz:.iin1. w.iizo.Vui-io lVIiaain,2 an atom. PIuimI m las ms. ml.^z.Gwi Michi4olnias,-roa.'3t of St. Mic.hml. Vul. ??.' ■7.r. mik.el.mus Mien,- an ah', look. Corruptly called mhic . mcv.n Migiiionelto,- a shrub. 7nln-in-cl tf i}!i'(-un-ct. min-yun oi. MillepedeSjO wood lico. .SomeUinoH TnUllpeddes. unl.lo.pccdz Minisii,^ to lop or iosscn. Now obsolete, mln-iyh Minotaur,- a labled nioii^tor. AiFect. m in-ct a r. mm-no. tot Minulo,- part of time ;•' .small, tlicn irii-nrxii. niin-it Minutia,2 smallest part. finpropor. mUna-shc. ini-nu-siio-n Miracle,2 a wonder. TUc canaille inaraLul. mir-a-kal Misanthropy,- hatred of triun. {nH!^anlhropc)m\s.WnA\\To po Miscellany,- a mixture. Comtnonly mis-sil-un-e. mL-.sil-lcn.o Mischievous,^ destructive. Vtd. mtstshevcyvs. rniH.chcf-ug Misna," the .fewi.sh civil law, tlivldcd in (> nar:«. mip n!i!i Merchant. Virino{\n:c(] marchant in I'OO; na firkie i.i our orthorjiv. Tlio numlior of jnerchaiil vessels em ;i!'.)yi'il hy IJiv/l.'-.iil niul ^^■otI;^lll!, piiioiiiils l()'-;0,()('0. viethivks. Though u;;i'(l liy our host \vrii.!r.-=, is iievertliol.'^t-?' a co:rMi)lion. tiXclonoviy. One wonl for anoiii.'r. Wi.' rc:.'?il in n\w\:H\t !\n\Uin:''')f ichil^ scarlet ocffrofn. purple; because tlu>e .su[ii?ib eolois \v.\\\z ori ;iii:il'y cdiifni^d lo iiiio linen, olii poets have applied it to thatsml <i", 1^0, C00 h(!ir(;rN, and 14,'.)(K) ('.ininninic aiUs. new. A hnwk's ca^i'. Formerly the M"i^>|;lii!>n'Iinnd of Wiiifehall was full of mows, for keeping the Kinff.s liawU.s ; hc.ii-c \\\r fmi a.-; r'.ppliod to lii^ majesty's recently iaifje sta- bles there. Tmpropi'rly adapted liy (lie keepers of livery ftallc". St,. M/i^/irti.r.' iiioiiiit. l^'u.'{ »(irti!ic,l liy .lolin, Earl 'M' ri.vf'ori!, iiu'ainsi Edward IV. mlr. A (iernian mile i.s etpsal to t Enrlish otios, a niii'.'h 3 one fourlh, a Spanish lensuc 3lwo-lliiids, and 11 Jrisli miles make M iv.^ii,;!i. lis h njtii was fir.«t deieim'.acd ].5'J3. MjV/'H7;/rflie] tetiii fn-crrf, inean.s prommion, wilhoiit addiiionr.l pay or duty. yiiUc. liOiulon rnn::iinic.^ Ki million f:alloiis a'.mnally. The riiiiie.'so never use it. A milk cow for milih row, is (Veipiciif hi're, and r(.n;ii;,)ii in t!ie IVorili, where it originated, hxlvixtrrs. Amoiii; di; '^fiUers, are sujiported by their romjrnjiations, of which there ave 0000 in Kn;;!aiid, who bnild th<'ir own eh;ip.'h, and mainiain thf;;- eollepes, amounting to tweiUy, expend MO, 000/. ami'.ially in ("hiisti:in nii.s.sions, ami educate 800,000 children In their Stimlay Schools. mrarU'. From wli"nre comes !n?V/ic(;/'', arirt'iinr coin fr.om the viilpc ; mint. mUtia (onr) tlio' disen\liodied, eost« ;*()0,000/. per annum. Est.-ib. by kin;: Alfred. Mj'mrs who were the 'ini-!f,pr;ii~i ol'jiv.cient Rome, were also called planipedcfl. miiforttnic^ to or.r oppoinMits W' rM^\ jii^l2''"'rtts,, but to our oviU piHty ^»•/o/.s. viint. A part of '^outhwark, erroneously siip|)o.«ed t<> Ik? pri<-ii^'red r'or liebiors. Thorn are 8 presses in the Rov:il mint. •.'Iiirli throw 'ni'd'ir.T.aily iiMl.OOO piiyet:. Viisna, or if.hchnuli. Wrirten by the faniou. rabbi .litd;;-:. ;boiU !fic }i'.'ir of Chrisit ISO. ■minvtc. A ball fired iV'>:u ajiun, rnove-^ at the raieol'37 iioies;.rr minttfe. yiiddlc n/rc.i fin the] siuJi was the scioriy of booiis, that niu; bibb', Jerniue's episitlcs, & H few volume* of ccclesinstinal oilircs, served several nioua,;terics in Spain. .«rs !Mci/', nllo^iiig tliis. tliniiitli cnrrrrl, fo be more puiten I'nr n 5uli.-rii|)iiiin list tliiiii liiiiiiii.'ir list' MiniiiNCi, i^wv tlicy, mIisskh nnd Mrs. directly ilR^irlllllal<^ - Miss, ;i||;li<(l in irni.-ilis, in ITiir, was ilnMii'lit r<'piiiavllTu]. Hary Cross, who pcriormcd iilHuit 17()v>, wiis iln: (ii>l aclri'ss iiiiiiniirit't'd iis M/.v.s-. missionary, Tlie Ann'ri<:iii iMiard iSrw ^'(lll<, scuds iVI into liciillii.'H laiid.s. Tliere ara thirteen principal missionary so/iciii's in lOnuIand. Vlisxtira. Part of a ( 'ailiniic ciMcni.inial pH'ciciio'! ilic doparliin- of liTc. Jilista'ni *"•" inislaltt'n, isol'lcn, IjliI inipropciiy, adniiini" JMlodiilionuiics. Alsomi'jta- kinffly lor niisliiiionly is n rotMiiion Ihidt lioili in sprakin^and vvriiini.'. mistress. Its Corruption ;Hi>.««.?, nearly snpt'jsrclcs ilic piup-M sunn'l. Ani:inritly called dame [now a farmer's wilV], wliieli in law s:ill mrans a baroniM's lady. Mt'tc, inrlieesf', liardly visible to ilin naked cyi-, vol lias 8 l(':is, ii ''s, and 2joinlfd (en- tacula. Also a coin, and iisiiu! word for a small pjt'ie o/bliarc ot any tliin<;. tiithridate. Because invented by Mitliiidaies, kin-; of I'ontus, who answered twenty- two ambasaadorBof dilTeront nalious v>iili(iiii an i!ii<'r|ii<;li'r. nittrns, being warmer than tiUiV' s, I fonnd nnive,siilly worn in Anierira and Canada. nitylcne [iiiit-e-/e-ne.] Tins word in Acts w, It. I> inipron;.|ly pronounced violently oppos(.>d iis pnliiiral inirodniiinn into Ireland. And was first applied to the partisans of Lord riiiafteslinry, in the rei^n of Charles II. mobhle. Found only in Shakesfie.ar's llainlci ; the word nui!: was unknown in hi3 time. mobile. Accented, liy some writers, on hilr, tiiid liy oiheis on mo. monarchy. The earliest w;is I'onnded liy 'I'li'sen-'. J'J,")!! yiars l)"f(iie Cliii.'t. monastery. First erected in lOnulinid was iit (;ia.-.tn!iliiii y Somerset, in 5!t7. Ilrnry 8th suppressed (ii3, with 90 colieues ; 2:iT4 eliaiitiies, and 110 hospitals. Thtir united annual revenues were equivalent to six millions ofciiU' raoney. monry was first struck in (Jreecte, and so mTide a- to divide into ciaht parts. Paper mo- ney is ftenerally supposed to have oi ifiinatcduiili the Chinese. I'irst stamped by IMiidon, tyrant of Ar^os, ^94 years before Cliii.st. " , money [hat] < commercial perquisite, nllnwrd io the captain nf a ship ; as Chevisance ifl that of a composition between diMnnr and creditor. Honk. The first one was Paul of Thebais, in or about the year 250. MANUAL OK ORTHOEPY. 67 as C/icvisance Monostich,^ a composifion of one Verse. mo-nos-iik Monosyllable,^ a word of one sylhiule. niOn-o.Bil.la.bU RIontem,- a fricnniiil custom of Eton sclioliirs. mon.tom Montreal," E. a mount. & soiir.of TJt./t^u/.c. ull. moni-re-ul Monnincu!,2 a toinl), |)il!ar. Vii';2;o luonneineid mon.yow.raeut Moon,2 rises ;'} of an hour later daily. niuuo Mo(»r,2 yx\x\n of color. Pro;), maiir from inanrus. more Mordant,^ l)itin;ii;. V\'o\i. vuirdciil : Ex. /iiorc/eo. mor-dant Mortga're,-'' to plcdnjo ; "security. n-.Cr.gidga Mosaic,- a varie<;ated work v.iih pebbles, &c. nnj-za-iU Mosclietto," u West India f;ir.it. Also mo!it^r< (iiiisliiiiir u stiiteiico, more always requires tAo» oficr it. Jlosaic, is not of IIel)r('\v extraction, Imf rninos from ..Vhs/i'mw ; licnce, niitonn. I'ropcriy /K7)vis. JUiifti. VVIicii addrcs.'i!i/ops Myrrh,2 an aromatic m. Corruptly wire Mystagogue,-' an interpreter of unsler' . N. Nabal,- a churlish .Few ot Carmel in Judea. Nabob,- viceroy of the (J real Mo<;uI. ( '/f/.^o6) uii.bob Noiades,- water nymphs. Corn;[)tly «rt(/f/6-. nay-a-duz Nankin,^ a stulf. Because made at Aankin. nan-koon Naphtha,- a kind of \uictioiis metal. naf-tha Narrate,"'"' to relate. From the Latin of narro. nar-rato (na-ra-shun) nar-ra.shun (nnrruh) nar-ro (Sliirshun. ) nns.tur-shurti {nai-rnl) nfitsh.ur.tl Narration,^ an account. Narrow/' to contract, make less. Nasturtium,^ a garden plant. N«*ural,^ produced by nature. NatU'-3,-the native si ite of any thing, {na-lur) na-tbhuro N'TUght,^ worthless. Commonly written nought, nawt Nauni'^chy," a mock sea-figlit. («f. 'f-;;;a./i7u imiiation, alpmrid in ICrjIiiiid, espec. WiHs. MiCn. 'I coiid'nt lu'l|i it /«»;«,' Tliisodd word is plainly a liarbarism on man. Muses, Ln)ni(: say thr,:n, Mnctnc, An-di-, and M>'loti : llonicr and llf\*i()d rt'ukon ninn, Clio, Eutorpo, Tliaiia, ftlcliioniciK;, Tcrp.sicliorc, Kiatn, l'ol>liyninia, Urania, & C'alliopo. Muskets. Tlj(.'ir (ixi^l lc:ii;ili i:( !)l". i-'iii. frcni iiui/,zlo to pan : rain;e of ils ball 720 feet. First seen In Asia, and uhmI in F.arope at iIk^ Mxga of Ulicfrc in ITrJI. Musician. A London niol) '.vill not only add re, to Iliis woiil, l.i't iliat also of optician. A iJulcimrr has about 50 wires over a brid:.'!' at racli vnd, pl."y( d on witli iron rods. Music (scoring; in) is arrnni'in'i lis driai'bcd parin into nu'ilmd and ordi'r. Mu.sical chimes abound in Jioudon cliuiclii's, but thosein Spilalfif^Iu.H arc tlie bnst. Mussulmans. Tiicrc arc two sorts, So/i,(,'Zc.v, of Omar, and f>/:iit.es, of ,\li. Somo say Muasulmcn ; bat wo write Ottomans and (ifrnuni.'i plnral; and In- wlio should convert Uiem into Oliumrn and Giriiu):, would bo siurrly lau;.Mird at for his pains. Muttial. Sliould fnvo place to cnnii'ion in " Our htvttinl licnefartor." Mutton and Beef. First pold by wijilil, l."3(, a /iiilf/niuiii nnd three farthings apouna. Myopes. From which comes the verb to inopr, and ilio noun a mope. Myriad. Ten thousand: but ('rroncously apiilied to an indcliuite number. A^l.'as one sound ; isnnitc afti'r ?», and when preceded by / in the same syllable. J^abal. Hence the word r.ow denotes a rirb, covetous, hard-liearted man. J^ahob. Properly JiayoA, til!.' iilural ef ;;«;',';, a depiity : .-ame also as nazim. Lilfcwiso title of a prince ; also a F.uropeau that lias acqiiinul a foriune ii> the East Indies, JVaAa (on the river) near Cobb, ntz, related by Hartbins, v as an echo repeating 17 times. JVaiades. Latin plural : Eniilisb one, naiil.-: ; singular, unid (nay-ud); vulgo, nade. .N'ame (Scripture) of Itelhphase, is mispronounced bith-page ; jiroperly ici/t-fa-je. Jsfapolcoji, during hia elevcii years reign, lost in battle, .'i,liiii,0(H) men. In the latjtyear thereof, he lek'ied, exclusive of I he national guard, l,rJOO,{)00 more! Jifarratc. Dr. Johnson says, surely by misinke. that it is used otdy in f^cotland. .N'ationnl debt. Allowance to the bank for its manaaement, is'251,8!)ti/. annually. JVat/' 'H f'he) .r\iicieut writers do not agree upon tlie exr.ct ijeriod, but run through all the nio.:' lis .'the yt ar. JVutnre is used by Theologians in eight senses. J^auf^ht. Also substituted for nought, which see. And vag'd for agjjravated. / MANUAL '^F OUTIIOEPV. 59 : iiius isll-UM cz >tl )f sli Vuli •fiog oz ei) I ,0 shun '•shuiti I'd iro a-ko ius.Io *'■ mounds of ^''pec. Wilts, t. n.'ukon ninn, 1 & Calliopi'. ball 720 feet. > of optician, on rods. 10 best. • Hoinn any ould cniiveit tffs a pouna. tabic. • Likewiso ie.s, ii'g 17 times. , vade. !A-fii-.ie. he last year nJ. iinlly. through all //. Naval,"' coiisi.' Navel,- purt of tlio body. Con*. 7t(iv-vuL nn-vul Navigator,- a seaman, one who pilots a ship. iriv.o.ga.iur Navy,*-^ ships ci' war only. Vulj];ar!y nai'-vc.'nc\.\n Ne,' neither, or not. Is now obcolete. no Neap,-' (h;cresccnt. Apjdieil to the tides onh'. ncpn Neatherd,- one wlio keeps herd.a. {nvthurd) ntct-lmrd Neh,- heuk, month. Improperly idb.nch Necessitated," ol)lio;cd. Vnl«:j, n€.scs.si.u.ti-tidfl, no often occurrins. means a low, short, or slack tide. JVeb. Denotes in Scotland, when used, the hill of a bird. JVcccssarirx of life, in England, are ta.x'd to the amount of 32,000,000/. annually. JJ'eedlcs. Wliitccliapel are the best: properly made of German or Hungarian steel. JVecdham. '-The hiirli :^aij to .N'cedham" is, vulgarly, the right one to poverty. legation. We have an old edition of the bilde in which by mistake the negations are omitted in the decalogue : the Stationer's Company wore, however, amerced in a heavy penalty for entering the edition without discovering the errata. Jifegociator. Some authorities accent it dillereutly, but the above prevails. JVegroes : s, in an elision after a plural, is thus placed Utrgrucs' cots,' not between the two last letters. They were adjudged to be free, upon landing in this country, in 1772. Called niggurs by the colonists. Jfegvs. Named and brought into fashion Vy r. Negus, ni.aster of the horse to Geo. I. JV'eighbour. Also a term used by provincials to distinguish a woman helper from a re- gular servant : a very reasonable distinction, and much needed elsewhere. 1 00 MANHAL or OmilORPY. Nei<2;libourly,' bpcoming a n(iv;lihoiir, kind. nftbur-lo Neilher,3 not oil her. (niJhei' and nather) nc tliur Nemoral,' rolaliiifr to a grovo. {nr.mn.ni/) nCui.nr.ul Nepenthe,'* a drug that expels pain. (/k7>-^////0 iiopOn-tho Ne|>hew,2 son of a brother or sister. (nrn.rr) nev.ycw Nephrilic,''*goo»l lor the slone. (nif.liri>) nefrit-ilc Nervoii8,3 strong, vigorous. {ntrr.yii.s} ,t(ir\.»3 Nescience, 2 ignorauce, illilenifcncss. ( ncsh-eiis ) uGnh-o.onc9 Ness,2 ,1 headland point, a nose. Prop. Ncz . noss Nestle,^ to lie close, cherisli. (n^'z-d) nOti-uX Netlier,-M()\vcr, placed helovv. (vre-t/icr)t\C\\\.nr Neuter,-' being of neither party. (ni'-tur) wwAr.r Never,' at no time, in no degree, [nlv-irr) nev-vur New,3 fresh, late, modern. («./) nnu News,* fresh accounts of transactions, (ntize) nouze Newt,2 a cree|)ing animal, lizard. {iiitlc) nowto Niagara I-'alis. " U. Canada; near a mile wide, ni.ug.a-rah Nibbler,** a small biter. Mis.K|)elt nlhler. niltiur Niche,** a hollow for a statue. Carr. nclshcu\{»\\ Nide,** a brood, as a brood ot pheasants. nido Nigh,^ near, its snppi}', and better word. ri Nightingale,'* a singing bird. {iiUcin-^vl) nito-in-galo Nihility,'* nothingness. {niLe-ie) nUnle.io Nillj^to refuse. Improperly written with one /. nil M'ritktr. Rpquiros wor nfier it; lienro the innrcurary—" JVcft'i^rr fills »r Jbnt." On the contrnry, wlipn the n is IcCt out, vnr must he piii lieCoie it ; as — "Is it tliis one t"— "No, nor Ihnt I'itliPr." It w ofinn coiit'uiiiKli'il w iiti vrtlirr J^epos [Cornrliuif.] Whs tlic \m\ cliisfiifiil lu'ojt piiiiiid in IJiifFin (Mosrnw, I'lil). AVtos. Formnil I'rnin iIir itiiiinls of the rardiiiiil imiiiis — Nortli, Kii«it, West, niid ;Jouth; It remnrl< tliiit lins liiilicrto c-MCiipcd luilici', jukI nidst ^illL'>llally n|i|ilK:nl)li<. Jfetespajicr. CO iirr publJHlicd in I^dikIoii, ['JO in DiililliiJ which iliirw ii(r30,158,741 Im- Srt'Biiiong Inst yenr; 2(i0.0(Ml uf vvlii<'h wcxv. (-imii i', srIU 30,000 collies nf encli iiiiprcFhiun. T'iist iU\7>'.l\(\ wiih pnl)hsli('v. 7, ICti.j. JVeto year. The Jews li»'enn Iliciis in Marcli, the Alhciii.'itis with June, the M.ncedonl- ana on S4tti ofHrpteinhur. tin- llthinplans and Krypiians .'iOtli iil'Aii;!ii!sl.pri-.u of SciitliiiKl ; hccniisc tivii. Cainplicll, <»M tlie evt of thO baliifi ot"Ciillii(l(Mi, rci'civcd an nrdiT wiilK'n iipdii this card, idylvG iid quarier. Noliilitii. Kxiircsst'd nnioiiL' our Saxon anccstois, liy tlie word .Udirman ; then equivB- lent to carl or coiin; now. Was tifri'ssary lor t)roirioiiy no inenni so dispohekcw.pa-tivo nup-shul nurso nus-sul nimf Nough*. Often, in Schools, miscalled ought, and so received commonly hy others. fioKsel. A corruption from nurslc. Nore^A. Alan 168 volumeH of the Civil Law added, by Justinian, to the Codex. The code ia accounted the second volume of the civil law, and contains 12 books. Nowise. Improperly called, and ns improperly written, noways. Nolle. By being written with 2, instead of a, is leas objectionable : stil' its orthography ta defective, as that nfcodle, and others of the same class. Nudge. A common term, signifying a slight push or touch with the elbow. Numb. When b follows m at the end of a word it is invariably mute. Number. If a business man in London, reside in tlie upper part of a house, and the No. be 12, he announces himself by figuring the door-pot,i 12J. Cardinal numbers are 1, 2, etc. ordinal lat, 2nd, etc. and compovnd such as 12 diviriible by 2, 3, 4, and 6. Aliquant ant! "liquot aie easily mistaken: this has no remainder, but t/iat has, iiumber of Coinevs in our system is unknown, hut up to 1771, about 450 had appeared. Numfrers contains thq whole period of Moses' ministration in tlic wilderness. Nunchion. Corruption of »ioom-c*ioii, foori taken at noon. Some -^ay that iinirA means a large piece of food, and nunchion, victuals eaten between meals: a ilistinction, however, that appears to me, to be something like splitting hairs. Nunnery. First in England, was at Folkstone, Kent, founded by King Eadbald in 030. Nuts. Acorns, crabs, and a few wild berries, arc all the vegetable food natural to our Island, all others having been r 'finally imported from other countries. Nouns in or, are of Latin origin, whilst those in cr, arc of Saxon growth. Some may be uaed as adjectives : we can say a gold or goUhn ring, a wood or wooden frame. Niem«raZ letters arc all those commonly used for figures, nsT. V. X. L. C. D. M. Nurse. Joan of Oxford, asnurre to tlie black prince, had a pension of 10{. a year. T* •ay a nursing was coramon a century since, but is uuw very properly exploded. IS t 56 el ul cn-ar-0 tJr-kal vis Is'i-rhe-ate rise shus zul -bil -kle-us ■sanso -cd.nesa bur ■mi^r.us shui. kew.pa-tiva shul 3Ul ■ by others. le Codex. Us. The its orthography ow. ise, nnd the No. ribers are 1, 2, )ii 6. Aliquant had appeared. TllCtiS. M lunch means ctioii, liowever, ladbald in G30. natural to our :h. Some may . frame. D. D. M. Ql. a year. T# >loded. MAXUAL OP oinnovrv. 63 O Oafish,^ (lull, stupid, weak. (o/T- w/i)ofe.ish Oak, 2 the name of a tree, or its wood . oko Oar,^ to impel by rowing. (o-wr) ore Obduracy," hardness of lieart. {oh-ju-ra-si) 6b.du.ra.so Obeisance,'^ an act of courtesy. {o-he-sens) o-bCsanso Obelisk,'- u pyramid. Iniproperly oh-li&k. ob-e-lisk Obit,2 death, funeral rites. (ob-bit) o-bit Oblige,^ to bind or force, do a favor. (o-bJcje) o.blije Oblique,"^ not direct. Improp. oh-like. ob-leck Oblivion," forgetfulness. {oh.l'w.yin) o.\A\\.yun Oblivious,'* causing forgoi fulness. (o6-Ziu-?/Ms) o-bliv-ve.ua Obolus,^ an ancient silver coin. ob-o.lus Obsolete,^ disused, grown out of use. ob-so-lelo Obtestation,^ a supplication, prayer. ob-tes-ta-shun Obvious,"* evident, clear. Corruptly ob-vus, ob.ve-us Obviously,' evidently. Impr. ob-vus-le. cb-ve-us-lo Occult,3 secret. Frequently mis-spelt ok-ult. ok-kult Ocean,^ are 3, Atlantic, Pacific and Indian. o.shun Ochre,'-^ a coarse blue or yellow earth. {fuU)o.k\ix Ocypete,^onc of the Harpies, {o-si-peet, o-sipt) o.slYte.iQ Odetam.2 the choir-service of a church. (orfe.2/Mm)o-de-mn Odious,^ abominable. Improperiy oJe-yt/*. o.do-us Odium,'-^ hatred. Barbarously q/wm. (ode-ywm) o-de.um Odoui ,2 a good or bad scent. Vulg. ode-yur, o-dur Oeiliad,2 a glance. By some caWed eyelid, e-ilyud O Is sometimes pronounced like w, as in ovc ; and of w, as in ton : it may also be ad- ded, the Scots invai iitlily pronounce it a ; and as invariably a, o. Oak. To builj, and firi tip; o/ cannon." Likewise in "singing of 8oripB,"etc. niitl iej''Cl»'d for irit.lt in — "iu-inmirit liiiii fh-s!iul e p.yud ir nous ish-shonse cum ■lo e in ise in "singing n one and tho , they aro pro- mblf!." cr |)()iin>l. IS of 1831, fvas Ml. L. C. Jus- •uiiiiity. siv(: (I j" promo- I3,G53. Tliose or of body or are sometimes inpinn Jupiter, :u tile propi'ie- in their lives, slier. on) a sudden.' idence in Lon- ne (un, etc.) I a subject of MAMJAL or OilTUOKl'V. 65 Onyx,'^ a valuable trcm. Vulgarly unex. 6n-iks Opaque,'* dark, obscure, cloudy. (/«//) o-pako Opera," a muisicul enterUiinruout. (Ji(rp-2»ir-uJi) 6p.vr.uli Opine, "^ to think. Changed to opeen. OUsolele. o.pino Opium,- distilled juice of poppies. (o;)C-?/m>vi) o-poo-uni t/podeldoc,3 a medical compound, (opedildok) op-o-doUdok Oppidan,2 a student of King's Coll. VVestniins. op-e-dan Opposilo,'-* facing. Vulg. op-po-zit, op.po-zUc. op.po-zit Optician,'"* one skilled in optics. (optishun-cr) op-tiuh.tilma Oral,^ delivered by the mouth. (or.wZ)o.riil (Jratories,^ recesses, as chapels, in St.Paul's ca. or-a-tur-ies thedral. Spelt in Henry 8th's time, Sl.Poule's, Oratorio," a sacred drama. Barb, or-u-ior-re. or-ra-to-rco Orchestra,'-^ a musical gallery. Also orchestre. or-kcs-tra Ordeal,'-* u trial by lire or water. (or-jc-d/) or-de-ul Ordnance,'- great guns. Vulgarly or-ilin-nunse. ord.nun&o ()idurc,2 dung, filth. Corruptly or-der. or-jure Orison,'-* a prayer. Ex. oraisoii. Com. o-ri.zun* or-ro-zun Ornithology,'- the science or account of birds, or.no.thol.o ju Orthography ,2 tho art of spelling words. or.th6g.ra.fo Orthoe|)y,2 a pronunciation of words, (or-thup-e) or.tho-e-po Orts,- fragments. Some write oughts, (auls) orts Ost,^ a vessel to dry malt or hops in. Or oust, oste Opera. Imported from Venice, but, as tlionght, to ilio discredit of tiie importers. Opium. A Turl( will oat, with ini|iiiiiity, what would kill tuienty Europeanu. lie mourns for the dead in hlurnr violet; lOuyptiuiis, 7/rU.xc, and I'^tiiiopiaus in brown. Oporto. ItH wino is called i'ort, uf wliicli la sold in liOndon alone, more than Its vintngo produces. I p<)ss(>8s a wiiiH-iiierchant's receipt fur making Port wiue, by tliosalcof wliicli lie is now retired upon a handsome fortune. 0}tpositi\ Improperly made a preposition in — "It's opposite 7. Our first fnctory was at Dartford, 1588. Writing paper was introduced 100 years after, its tax {M. per lb.) produces 700,000i. a year. Ai Wliitehali mill, Derbyshire, a sheet was made, in IS.'W, that would cover an acre and a half of ground. There is no tax in Canada uiion paper, newspapers, or advert isemcnls. • n.tncnt cl -nr «t.to ',o lot Ic-fecr -Bo-a -da ras rese •jir.ik il k i.ple a-lune o.miine re h r. WoJlnston. s [so-ra-pis.] )osod, of sonio Jicrs. s, whilst their Stephen's do- his ministry, Jgt's at Oxford 1 account, the mouldings, iciiuiunt, and n shout, in or- ieut«uanl-Ge rnquiro of a ahle is it now ithyllus. A. D. 154. prior Canada. France 5!5(), uj! pnpor was At Wliitt^Jinll md ft half of ucnts. MAXUAL OF OUTllOi;i'Y GO Papillary, liko a nipple. Formerly on pa. pa-pil.cr-e Papillous,3 like a nipple. And on pap. {]'fn> his)]vx.p\\.\\a Pappoao,'' liavinc; soft down. {pap-is) ^>^ll^llo<■'^ Parabola," one ofthn 3 conic sections), (paraholn) par-ult-o-luli Paraclete,- a comforter. Usually par-a-klet. pfir.uklpto Para<5oge,2 a fignre that adds a letter to a vord. par-fi.jTfi.jH Paragraph," part of a discourse. (farrti^Trir/"/) pjira graf Parallectic,^ pertaining to [»arallcxes. par-uUIfk-tik Paralytic,^ having the palsy. (paJ-c-ritik) par-cl-lct-ik Paramour," a lover, wooer. Vulg. pdr-ra-mur. par-a-mnor Paranymph,2 a brideman, supporter, hei[»er. par-a-rimf Parapetj^wall broast.high.(/'f/r«/'/f c^* pcar-a-jyel) par-a-pet Paraphrase,'-* a wordy interpretation. pcir-a-fraze Para|)hra8t,"an explainer in many word.'". pfira-fraft Parasol," srtiall umbrella. {parasi)l c^ yw7Y/.so/r)par.a.sol Pardoner,^ one who forgives. (7'.'/?v/.77j/r)prirc/i-gm. pen-gwin Penny-a-line,'-^ reporter for the London papers. pon-noa.lino Penny worlh,2 enough for money. (pen-ith) pen-no-wunh Pentateuch,^ the law, or five books of Moses, pen.ta-tuke Penurious,"' niggardly. Comm. pen.yure-yus, pe-new.re-us Peremptory ,3 absolute. Formerly on em. por-emp-tor-o Perform,^ to do. Mis-pro. Wkcform a seat, pur.form Periwinkle,^ a shell-fish. Corr. penny winkle, per.ro-wink.ol Persevere,^ to go on. Anciently writ /)cr*c«er. por.se-veor Perspire,'^' to be heated. Vulgarly prespire. pur-spire Perturbed,^ disquieted. Barbarously />ur/!-a-6id/. pur-turb-cd Peerless Pool,^ baths in the city road. peer-'.es-pool Phantom,^ a fancied vision. Often fantom. fan-turn Phial,2 a small bottle. Often spelt vial, ff-ul Philippic,^ an invective. Corruptly^ijp-iA;. fil.lip.ik Philter," a love charm. Prop, w niiQH phillre. fn.tur Phleme,^ an instrument to bleed with. fleme Tells. Its clerk enters tellers bills in the pcllis ncecptorum, or roll of receipts. Pen. From the Latin pcnna, signifying the quill or hard feather of any bird. ' VeniUntial psalms are seven, namely, Otli, 3id, 38lh, 5Ist, 102d, l.'lOth, and 143d. Venmanship. Mr. Bedell, Ottery 8r. Mary Devon, has written the Lord's Prayer, Kelief, and tivo verses of a Psalm in the compass of a peal Penny. Our ancient silver penny (ex peeu7iia) was the first coin struck in England. Penny-a-line. Hocause paid so much a line for the information communicated. Penny-post. Was projected, in 1683, by D. Murry, upholder, Paternoster Kow. Pentile. A tilo to cover the roof; pantile, a jjutter tile. Often confounded, Perfect. By irregular accentuation, often confounded with the adjective. Perfume. TheCivit Cat, resembling musk, averages the secretion of a drachm a day. Peerage. Of the present (557) 40(1 have been created, or raised higher, since 1760. Peerless pool, prop, perilous ; from the many formerly drowned here whilst balliing. Perilous. The / is sometimes Improperly doubled. Anciently perlous. Periodical. Our first was the Tatlir, published in April 1709. Periwinkle. "Why call them penny- winkles, askll a pupil, when sold for 2d. a pinti" Perturbed., This Ie a vcty harsh word, and liable to much bad orthoc^iy. Peruvian bark, also Jesuits bark, being first used in Peru by Jesuit missionaries. Petitions. Entire number presented to House of Commons from 1 826 to 1831, was 24 ,492. Petrarch was the first who began to study the science of medals. Phcnn7ncni>/i. PUua\ phenomena. When derived from the (ireek and Latin, pA take the sound of/. .Mso in all other words, unless divided as in clapham. Philadelphia prints 500,000 books yearly, having 213 presses. The Americans as a peo- ple, are better educated than the bulk of any other. They have 47 colleges. I found they universally confinc.l the word chaplain, to ilieir army, navy, and halls of legislation. They have 110,000 seamen. Note:— The sailors custom of pricking their arms with stibium, is borrowed from the Chaldeans and Greeks. Philippic. From Demosthenes' celebrated orations against Phillip king of Macedon. Philosopher. This word Is formed impurely ; ought to be philosophitcr. Phlegm (Jlcm). Watery humor. Old authors, who regulated their orthograpliy by the orthoepy of a word, wrote itflem, now di-suscd. It froquontly commingles with phleme. Physicians. We read of none, nor distempers, till about 600 years after the flood. PA«mie»a>i (a) dialect was spoken by the Carthagenians, thence called pnnie language. Vulgarisms .—Praps, prespire, &. fa-tun, for perhap?, perspire, & phaeton (/o-e-tun.; ^■ i '.•' I '■>A' imt' 72 MAMAL Ol' (mniOlil'V IMiysiCj^a mciliciiio. Foriuuiiy n\)v.\l i>/uffiirf,-. I'u ii^ V'iii/./.H, ii hirjrc u|)t;n .s|)acc, scjiianf, in.iikol,, ilvc. pi a/, za Vw.kn^^v,' /!j;n)un(l rent lor Ixudhs, *.Vc. at riiii\s. pik.njo Pict iirt!S([no, oxliihidni/ picture. ( /W/)pili.iur.ebk rio\vcler Court,'- ii roiirl lii'ld in fairs. pi pou-dur IMI,^ a ball of physic : ' to strip ; then peel. pii I'ill-^'arlic,- a nickname. Prop. yn/A/ <;r//7«;. pil.gar.lik Pino Applo,'^ a fruit. There are in varieties. jJno-ap-ul Viilp;arly piJcwc. pcok Vulj^. pc-kumiit. pu kant Also Sjiolt iilarart. plu.kard Corruptly plml. pludo Injproji. phin-lif. plano-lif l*ique,*^ to olfond, vex. Pitpmnt,-' poignant, pricking. Placard,- a munifestt). Plaid," a variegated stuff. Plaintiir,- versus defendant. P'aiter," one who plaits. (plcle-ur or iilat-ur) plute-ur IMaintivc,^ lamenting, rornieily writ, idainlijf. plu.no.tiv Ph'.in,^ to make smooth : plane to smooth, level, piano IMebe'an,2c(>m?yjo/ter, or plebs of ant. Rome. plo.be-un Plum,2 a fruit. Also plumb, plum Plumb,''' perpendicularly. Ignorantlyp/Mwjp. plum Plum[),- a knot. Now corrupted into clump, plump vlifasants. Hccauso f<)p/{ aru silnnC. vhystc. Oiiuinally confined to liic clorjiy. lis first Kiiylisli jjardc-ii waw in 15(17. viaiza. I''roui the lialian ; licr.cc iho I'iazza of Covent Guidun is the niurttut place, uiid iiiit. as erroneously fiuppoticd, the surro\iiidinK portict.td. viano forte. [piunoCorl-eJ. Invented l>y J. C. Schroder.of Drefdcn, Saxony, A. D. 1717 vied Hull, Ulingtun. Tnliacco wan firnt nsed liere, being Sir W. Itayleigli'a house. viijwwder court. For juHliceto buyers and Sf^liers, from I'icd mildreaux, a peddler. vilate [poiitius]. Tills is often made three, when it should be two »yllableu, pon-shus' vhir-applr.. From ret^'iiibling tlie cone of a pine-tree: some call it a vulgarism. vLicnrd. Which we vulgarly apply to a bill stiirk against a wall or post, means in IIol land, a proclamation ; and in France, a table wlic '. laws and orderi« arc hung up, vlanc sailing is from a plane clinrl ; and Mercator, or globular ex. Mercator's chart. vlant. A sa^lin; vulgo. broad. Likewise a term for the working materiaidof a factory. Ill the reign ot George III. r)730 exrrtic plants were introduced to England. vluio. Dramatists pronounced it broad, until Garrick restored it to Pia-to. vlatoon. A square body of musketeers. Corrupted from the French of peloton. vlayers. Of regular habits, livelong: in its accoinplislinient, comrrZv/ has a decided ad vantage over tragedy, which stiows the powerful iuiluencc of cheerfulness and good tern- jtr, toward the attainment of a green old age. vledffing. I'reviously to drinking liealths, began wlicn the Banes born sway in England vleiades (pZc-a-dez) 7 start). Corruptly pladcs, and written plladea, also pleiads. p/xnc/er i.>, in some pans of North America, vulgarly used for baggage; and Plank is meant in the union, to cover the bet, or put down your money. voland \\u] 25/. a year qualifies for title of liaron, 75/. for count, ond 120J. for prince. vole. A party-colored one at a barber's, denotes that he practises surgery. volyglnt-hible: Was first published liy cardinal Sineros, of Toledo, Spain. NoTic : — Fill is a juvenile term for directing dumps in boys play of Pitch in the hole. » KCKNKYisMs:— Pint, pizun, pintur, piktur, for point, poison, pointer, picture. Vulgarisms :— Pik kwet, tale, pictures-kwe, pintshers, pilhir, pollis, posha, for piquet fpik-et), potatue, picturetj^uc, plucers, pillow, police [po lesc], and pustciiaiiM; ; print en I printing J i jn u-dur Ir-lik ap-ul nt ilrd i-lif ur i-tiv I 3-un piu . licitcc, V 1567. kot place, uiul , A. D. 1717 's liuusc. n ]H)(l(ll(!r. ti,potfshus- ii'itiiii. inuniis in Ilul itiiii; up, oi'a cliiiit. sofa factory. loton. a deciilo'd tul ]in(l good teiit' y in Eng?nnr( and riank is for prince. in the hole. ;ture. ha, for piquAt iM;; print en MAM'.VL Ol' OKTllOKl'V. 78 PdliHli,- u njloss. (Jf /'(>/rc.s7^>j7) pro-uip.o-tit Pnpositor,- a school monitor. {prcpostor) \)To.\ioi.\i-\xt l\"esentiment,- an indescribable foro-ieeling. pre.ean te.inong Picsidencies,'- IJengal, Madras, and IJombay. prcz-c-denscei Preventive,^ hindering. Corr. prevent alive, pre-venttivo I'rill,- a brit or turbot. Commonly called brill, pril Primeval,-' such as at fust. Com. prim-e-vul. primo.val Probate,- proof of a will. Or prohat, '{pro-bit) pro-bait ruluiii/. Proporly nolngnn, inaili! of chopped hrof, hacon, popper, plnftor and salt, J'liiiiard (yioMViiiil) mis pioniiiiiiccd /iiihi )/iir(l, as to imur is /iiiiarr, instead of pure. J'nor liiil'S were, in i(i.>0, 0(m,:u;-J/. iiiid iii JKI'.' enirciiscd to 8,000,000/. ! l'(>rtt.i\ I''lavi)r of aU\ /)(«/•, and twn/n ntiii. Kcciniied an ni^plication to three separato raskn, until une llarvvood succeeded in niiiMtis ilie above beverage, which, from its nouii.-shiii^ pr(i|i(;rti('^, waa ctinssidercd Ijentliciul to portris ; and being drawn from one butt, was called ctitirf ; lience thlH word npon n publicnn'ti tiiun hoard. Portions (barren) of the earth invariably nboi;nd ino.st'in minerals. Vortiigiirsr eall irhitc^hmrs by the name i){' jlt/iiim.i ; nenioe.s reuard tliem RB monsters. rurtufrurse lan^inai-e nnii;t have been \nH>r lor Camoens to a'ld 'J,000 words to it. Portugal, luw'wully linslta'iiia, now ilerivtd from I'lirtiis Cnlc. Pol, in siriclnes.s, is a vessel made of tlay ; hence a piittir, and pottery. Piitatoc. I'lanled in Ireland by (Sir ^V. I!alel;;li, ir)8t) ; and in Ilii-sia about 1790. Pot/iir. I (|netilion if half Knu'land know it by any other name liian liotkcr. Prairies. The soil ol' which i.-* fnu!: are peculiar to the western states of America. Praise. The Welsh make ynharp when it should be liat, ua praice (//l■aJ^«)^, Premiss, a propusiiion, lis pliiial, jinriiisi s, shoirld alrto be spelt with a double a. Prisditimtnt, properly pnsni.-ntiou ; beina nfurr-fictiiig, not n fore- knowledge. Presidencies^ K. 1. They produce a revenue of twenty three millions sterling. Press. Our (irst was set u|) in Ihe Ahnoiiiy, Westmin.'^ter, 1171, liy Caxton, who, same year, printed the first book, eiuitled "(/nmc ami P/aic at Cliessc." Tile Coluiiibian Press, invented by Mr. ('i\ mer, I'liiladelphia, is prel'encil lo any other, 7'/-/(,-e ( prj'sr) of a tliiii}; bouiiht : ///■(:(uiis eonuptlon) is either tlie benefit derived from a lottery ticket, the rewaid of merit, or booiy from a caitlure. Priinarij, or original Colors, are \ iolei, indigo, blue, yreeiT, yellow, orange and rrd. J'rimitinr. christians, on solemn lasts, put embers oir tire head, lieirce ember week. Prinri/ialities. Of the '24 tJermati oia's, that of Liciistenstein is the smallest. Print ttirst engraved) by Albert Uurer, is called the Cuirnoit, and datrid 1518. Printer. Th(3 title elmpel, applied to ili(! regulathiiis of a printing-otlice, began with f'axlon's tii>;t c.^errisiiij! the profession in one of the chapels of West minster Abbey. Printing. It'ivented by Gutenberg, of Strasburg, IIIIO. Introduced to America 103'J. On itH first discovery, the bookseller, printer, aird scholar, were one aiul I he same person. Probate, The term ."upper value" in a probate, nteans tliat it exceeds 'M0,000l. }%' 74 MANIUi. (»r (MITIIOKrV. I^rufilr,'* tlifi Hi(l«) faco. f'orni|ilIy us npilt. jird-riul i'l'o^riiiiiiiir,'' Itill 1)1' any DxliMaiioii or (Mitciiioiiy. iirotrrum l*ro|»luM'v,'- a |»i(:(li«;li(»ii. J'ro|»|i(!sy,''' to inrdict. |.u>r.»i./,i l*ro|iU|^iH!r," a •hiliiJiulor. Viil^. jirnjui^^-niir. jiro iK-wnar l*rov«!i'l>H,'* inaxiiiiM. Middh luxtU oI'iIm; llililn. prnv.varlHi l*rii\vl,''' ((> wander. lias a ilonlth; orthoepy. |)roiil or proln pHalm,* liynni. I |H-^rH, is mid. oik; u(\\h\.{s(im)m]\m I'scndo,-' talHC. I'Hiiavv,* a word «d' conlcniitl. mi-do: nhaw rHyclu^,'* a lujallicn 'foddess. ('orrii|i(ly .v/Viy;. ni.ko " lN(dcniy," corn, his ^(xij^rapliy 150 yijar.s A.('. lol.n-mo INif^li !'" d(!no(in<; dislike. Often wriUen ]HHth. pooh I'msno,"' inferior ; as iniisnr, or inferior jnd^o. pfw-no I'unnce,* a sln^ ol'fo.ssil. Properly ynv-tnis. pum-rnii v INippel-HJiow,- a play l»y inuif^es. Vnlfj;. /;o;rolils £ I . a inan.(/'//.v-?/r) purs.aur Pul,^ to Hleor, «Sic. (.'orrnptly called jtoot. put Vriiffrniiimr. Im now CiihIiIomiiIiIi' ; olllrii iiiin(i|i)ili('(l, mill luiuHciNcd pro crom-mo. I'm III is mini inilr lor iicccNHiit Ii'm, or liiMriilii|{ ii ir<'ii|i', is liliiilliiK on iin inliint or udult not y('t nriiKi!. hi'iilrrH In IiIIIh orcxclmritir arc, ralli il cuininrrriiilly ruinhiKin. I'riinninii'- f'onir nri' ronlriictfil, iim hrrrlnj lor Ity (IiIn ; hi nnf tor oC lliiN, (itc. Vriiiiynriiition. Miiny |i<'ihoiik hiivc ii coninion one lor their own (lonjtNtii'. clrrlr, nnrl nnotlittr iil'ii liolliliiy coniiilf.'xion I'or coinimny : in itn- tiirni'T, tlicy nru Hluvunly In tlintix- ir<-in prolvitod a- ir IiIn RtinrilM. iiiiHi'M (li-nth. I'I'h liiiMi, mid Ik Fraiicia I. Illionn; but In 7" PiilBBtion, «!|ilt BciiWiir.r, iiM vvnH, ill my tor. niincli, the Tat xplf'ilve. i.iavntrr. iiru nlikc. yiiais conipla- I utliurH. Ihn Python, niid poit. riii di'fiiiiiiHtniiiiliiiii, that U, whioli waN to In; diiiiiiimtralid. (^uiiiiit. iJHcd hy HiiciiciT, Ibr ii-«Ii(.o ro.litivv./.nnt n (I) o-nionf. rcil) cMiK'nt-fil rfdj-is-dir rf'-friir-dtiii Hear,*' raw, IjJilfrousiocl. <'orni|itly rli'iii. (/r-.vr/) i,,h.ho po Rccognisor/^ Ik? who fjivt.-H tli<; rocofriii/jiiicc. ro.Itnn n.zMi- Jtocogni.sanco,^ a bond < f rornr(], toIuMi, badfjjr'. in.U-iii.c./.nnco lleconipenco,''' a conipotisalinn. Ol'loti niis-sprlf. Jlcconditc,'' socrot. VVrorifrly acccntrd on ;r. Record/^ a r(^gi.sl(!r. 'j'ho vorn is re-r.>rtl. JlcciiHant,'-^ one wlio r'-fiisL-s to coiiinii;riicul(;. Rod Sea,- properly tlic .sen of Kdom. Redoubt,^ u rortifitMl Milworli. {rvhrnl) ni.ilwi Rcovc,- un ofliciM', as l)or(»iila kul/. Our iwirlicr wriu is accciilcd it on >-r. liccognisance. 'riit';f is (li.-Mscd l»y llic har, ilioiij,!! huiiicd liy s(ii-'io few otiiers. HecogniHor. VVIipn iiio vcihal nonri i)t' rrnigiii.-n', ;.';i'ii siiill nroirininr. tiecompmce,. Ill law, lintr ; lir.nr.t! tin; phrase; to hmil. 'I'iii' vcih is sp'll rrrniiiprn-'r.^ Rccofil [coiirtH not of] ai'<; the l>ars, fiir<;li.'n nnivoixliii'.s, and lai^^u endowed hcIiooIh. Recunant. After iniicii dispiitallnn, is now Hctlled as above. Red ^ca. Kdom meaning also ml, occasioned ilie (JiecUs Kt call its wen by tliat iiaiut; ; hence its miMuoirkur. It Ih I.'MK) miles lunf;, wiihont a river. Red Rook. An c.tcheinier record ol'laiuls liejd per baroidarn of Henry )J. Rrgiims [nidnials I'orniidalile in coldj are wolves, hears, boars, conparH, fc rnlaTnonnls. Rrgintcr [di»HonlerB] In Hed cross St. library, l'.);7i.et .Vii/ilti uti. are rejiist. counties. Regular an trapot.i. [Anirrknn]. 'JVa hcinj; drank, in viil's. arid towns at eveiy ineai. Relig'ona [prevailiriRj. Arc tlio I'ayriri, IMahonn'tan, ChrlHiian nial .lewish. 'I'liercarc three great divisions of chrlsllanH— itn; Calholic, (Jreek, and I'rotestant cinirch. Religioun orilrrs are fi»o — .Monks, (.^nnons, KniBhis, MendicanlH, & reHular Cleika. Remediless. Tliis accordft with Or. .lohnson, thongli others ac(;ent if on rem. Remove. Ifpon change of residence in the same street, it is thus noiilled, — " IteniovinK over the way," [to Ike o/ipnsite side 4)f the stre(;l|. And " lleniovln^; [lo the] ne.\t door." lioldHOUt quite a contrary nieaninf! to tin; one intended. Rent. For l)ank of I'.ngland IO,l)l)()/. Salaries ''lil.dlM)/. rrofiirtl imO] JKtO.TW/. Kxpenne of lirancli haid;s :M,'210it. ("ost of their csti !iii..,lMMeni I7,KV,I/. I'ay SiMrtKt/. a y.ar in lieu of stamp duties. Lord Mayor, 1:^7.5, paid J,', a year rent, for his hoii.se in Milk street. Resign. !las il? letter .1 pronounced aKree.ibly to tin; French form re :hir. NoTK : — III wordsof the same sound, and which are spelt alike, with the OMeplJon of r and s, the former is invariably the nou-i, and the latter the verb. __ Exei(.i<^eH therein are Iiishly bencflctal to all Classen of students. VvL«ARi«M8 :— Itale, ran , rid, riiit, aiul re/,un, for real, rear, red, rent, and raiuin. M \M' VJ, or owri!-)rrY 77 liosii'iV' lit rest. \ u';r. Kcsloiiilioii,'-' .1 ro(;(iV(.'r\ . Ilclcli,'' l«) voinif. l{oli(•lll<^o a siiiiill l)ii()s(i tlioii;;lils. i)v rrrrrj/. (/''''-rr) roviirt! IlluMiiii.'-lliiii iMiitlor. Viil,';iiily ru-iiin. rutua Rliciiniiitic.,-' a |MiC(;ntil. Immrr. (I'lwm-n/i/,) mw-mat \k Rliouiiialisni,- a vory iiciito pain. {I'tmnil izrn) rcw.nmii/..c\n " Rlinl»!irl>," a niiMliciiial drug. Vlll(,^ ru-/>u!i. Ti'mAmrh Ril>an(l,*a liilct of silk. Oom. spelt ri hhon. riU-haud Rick,'- a slack of corn or liny. Trof). rc/ic. rik Ri(liciil(!,''' to banter. Coniiplly rr(l.;:-rii!r.. ri of lo rise : then llriiniiliirliini. V.nvh picroni' ii wntci'-worm ciil In pieces, will rcprodiiof an nnimnl. lit siuiiiili lit clKiiiiiM^ ill clioiiH, ejilied Aiiilncisiiiii, W{\» iMlKiiliired l»y Ht. AiiiIiiohc. Ill sjioiiilivtid. A liiinil ;:ivrii Inr iiKmey lent upon (loodn in a vensi'l. liisiiinifiiiii. Our lirwi reLul.'ir liMiilier, Mr. I'liiid, liei:i\ii fiufiim-bs iifrcr thiM pcrMid. The (vMiililiNliiiieiit III 'I I'Miple l!iir in still kivpl up. HiiowV wns tliu Heioiid. Itiriiiiiis. or till! Iliiiish ('leiay lire !V.i;t!»,.'")(i,")/. ii yeiir, wliereof tlin CiiratrH rrprlvn 3-2(l,(IOO/. ; lliom^ oC iIk; wliole ol llurope fall short ttl' niiin iiiillioiiH: ii l<'i'unuli tiictlnpdli- tail liMN 1IHHI/ II |{iis.uian arrliliislmp 1)110/. and liishop .^dO/ per niiniiin. Ill I'l rxiiiii. The lc;:iil evpenses lor cniivcyiii^; one ol' ii(Mi/, in vnliin, hy private snin, tire 81. whirh, if iKiimlil l)y puhllfMiitrlioii, are I'leipiciilly Hwelled In trop(ili8. Uig. A term applied, in Ihe money market, Cor lorrinR up the jirire of Htncks. Itiirlils [ilriiils] olthe adiniially. I'roreeds ol wreck.'', and the eapliirc of Clicilllcs ships, ignorant ol hoHlililies, which, hist war, lunoiinicd /o ri/tht milliovn. nine rronouii.'C'd hy hiisly speakers rice, and hy haiharons (Utes riz. Hirer finih Is a commercial lerni lor a inoniir.s pay advanced to wiilors. liniiKi. VVesay roast muilon ami roast laiiili, insiead Dt'ron^t.ul mutton, &.C. Our nrlyh- hours of the North uro proverhliil lor roa.itril insiead of tniutnl ciieesr!. liolhj iinllii. Name of an infanlino Kamo: corruption of, roll hull into the pool. il(iiiiiiiiri) <(tH;/'»r ll)arharous lialiii). Couiiril of 'J'oiirs, fe undeiHtood l>y the people ; which is still ohserved. Hiiiiif. Ui'teii ruvic, lint as well iiiiKht W(> any, ruman and /nnnr, for romnii and home lit! anitinit (Mipulalion was seven millioiiH, iIioukIi now hut NII,(KN). liosr I under tlu'|. The ancients dedicated tliis llowor to llieir (jod Silenro. VuLUAKiHMs :— Uovuult, rencc, rliis, and roinpio, for revolt, riime, rmm, and niiiiplc. 78 MANUAL or ORTIIOEl'V. Rosin,'' juico of tlie piiio. Also resin, (ruz.hi) toi.m Rostrum,^ an orator'd desk or pulpit in Ronio. ros.tnim Rouble,^ a Russian coin worth J.v. Id. (rubbul) tCto-hnl Rongy^^ rugged, uneven, severe. ruf Rouncoval,- a species of pea. {7-U71s.c.vhI) rduns o-val Route," road, a way. Usually pronounced root, rout Routine,^ a regular course. {roul4ln) roo-tCne Row,5 to impel by oars ; '-^ a tumult, then rou. ro Rt,2 an abbreviation upou paid bankers' bills, ro-ccvo'd Rubbish,^ any thing worthless. Loncl. rub-idj. rab-ish Rubric,'^ directions in the Common Prayer. rdo.brik Ruler,^ to rule lines. Often confound, with rule. rdo-Iur Rum-un,2 o^'g* ^'"^ ^'* ^f'-^f ""w an odd person, rumun Russia,^ black, white, great and little Russia, rasli.sho.a S. Sabaoth,^ armies. Confounded with sahhatli. sah-n-oih Sacrament,'^ the Lord's supper. {sa-kra-mlnl) HHV-TQ-mnni Sacrifice,^ to offer up. (Aa.A;n;A'zc) sak-kri fiso Saddler,^ a saddle-makcr. Improperly sadler. sad-lur Sailor,^ a mariner ; if the ship then sailer. salo.ur Nostrum, or beak of a ship; becaiiso tiiiulo from the Imaks of thosn taken at Ac'ium. Round Rnhin [niiint's in a circle]. Was lirst iiiwiiitod in AiIiomh, diirmg ihu coiispirucy of AriHtofiitonand Harinniiius, ai;aniHt tlie tyranny c-f iln; t'isifltratidie. Rou7id flat piRUtis of gold, without iinpressioiiH, were current coin of Uy^antium. Route, labeginnin); to tic writtnu and pronounced as the verb rout. Roto. Tard alphnb«l, or Christ cronti-row, liecanse anciently printed with a cross. Royal Exchangi:. Named Royal by quei.'n l'jli/.ah<>tli, .Ian. !^!), I;')?!. Commercial sccu- ritiea, called billa of e.vchan!;e, were lirHt nncd in klnKland, i:i8l. Rt. Should be rd f I'or received], which error, in certainly ine.YcnHaliic. Rubber. A common term in nports, K'vinK the winni;r two|;anieH out of thrc*. Indian rubber is imported in bottles, formed by Npreailini.' the 'rum over a mould of clay. 7 "•'•*«*. Its ism is peculiarly conlinerl lo ttie elder of ill canaille. 1 .,i€on, now RuRone. A river of Italy which divides ii from ('is:ilpiueGaul. Rubric. On account of beitiK diHtimiuished liy a red l; sound, as in saineno«s. Sacr{ficed (fi'tOSO persons were) in 4 years, on dediratiiiR a tfjtnple ivi S. Amcrlrn. Saddle-bags. In North America, formerly meant as(piire, now an itinerant preacher. St. iSotJirtur'a church, Southwark, was, in l.'iK), seized by the crown and sold to the par- ish, who letting part of it to a boker, he traded therein ; wlicn the strange innovation of bread made in a church, so increased his custom, that he soon became rich. St. Oitktrint. A Romuu virgin, martyred on a wheel ; henco Uie Catlicriue wheel. Sal ma J! Sahnoi Sal vol Sarah,' Sardiuf Satan,- SatelHl Scalloi Sceptic Schedi Schisn Scirrh Scotch Scisso - Scrant Scruil' Seal,2 Sedan Scgar, MANUAL OF OUTIIOtPY. Ta II nun s o-val one ve'd kh rik ir in sho.a olh )-monl ri fiHo ir r ' at Ac'iiim hu cdiispitacy intium. I a rrofis. iiiiuicialaecu- liro(». Indian cliiy. ml. 'f Alfred." cxcrcisine n ito tier lea, 1(1 '■ Theohiof ire comprises )olt Hayed. cricn. preacher. Itl to the par- novation of wheel. Salmajrundi,^ a inodley. Vulg. solomon-gundi. Saluion,- a (isli. Sumo say 55, others 02 species. tSul volatile,'- ail alkali. VuJfro .salvol-a-tile. Sarah,^ in Hebrew signifies a princess, (mwc) Sardins,- u precious slone. (vorriiptly sar-jus. Satan,'-^ a had spirit. Miscalled sal-tan. Satellite,^ a revolving planet. (sa-tel-le-fe) Scallop,'-^ a fish. Usually spelt scollop. Sceptic,- a doubter. Septic, misled by sceplre. Schedule,- an inventory. (slccdzul (Sf shedul) Schism,^ a separation. . IJarbarously siz-en. Scirrhus," an undurated gland. Also schirrus. Scotch-collops,- veal fried, ot scorclCd. Scissors," pair of small shears. (sithurs) Scranch,^ to grind the teeth. Vulg. skraunsh. Scruff,^ a kind of dry humor. Same with scurf. Seal,2 a sea animal : orig. stories of mermaids. Sedan-chair,- first made in t!ie town of Sedan. Segar," tobacco rolled into sticks. Com. cigar. Seignior,- the Turkish emi)eror. (se-nur) bul-nia giin-do sam-mun sul-vo-lat.e-Is sa-ruh Bar.do-us sa-tin sat-tel-lilo skol-Iup skop.tik scd julo sTz-cni skir-rus skotsh-kol-lupi siz-zurs skransh skruf seel Kco-dan-tshars sc-gar seen-yur Salarnanilf.r. A lizard siipposi'd to live in firo, which is a vulgar error. Siilarii. Acc(ii(liii(! to I'liiiy, iVdiii sal (sail),— lioili lii.'liiK nccc-HMury. ViiIr. sal-re. Halt. Tliai callril hay sail, is obiulncd 1'kiiii sea-water, liy the process of evaporation. fiiilijr [.-aavj. tfiniie siaie I he propur weird (o lie salt', and that Halves ia its plural. . SiniiriiiiK'.. lias two ojipci.-iiii' iiiraiiiiiu.^ : red hku lilood ; cheerful, warm, ardent. fatr.ltitr. Hcholais iialiirally (tlidi; into the Latiii ol' sa^«/-le te. Satitiij [hu slic-ie, pro. sa t/ e-ie|. lioiig evaded philojogers with a faulty orthoepy. Satirr. AIho called .va tur, siit-ur, .sa t(?re, ami .v; one. This was to prove liiH efficiency, ani. It :^ ,ound it is if it rhymed with .Tew. ShaU [com. s/iawt]. T Irish and ticolch are remarkable for misapplying shall and will. .Shan't f'tr .>-ha'i not is vulpar ; as is Ciril for Seei/lr oranjie. Sharp whites. Jer.Mr '.J;.'•.»r^^ '.\ ith every tteo sticks ott' lur, receive one of .■>■. w. Shechcm. The oi'.y [ii-,i.i"je w. < lein ch i" nouns prop r, take the .sound oi's/i. .Sheriff Elect! US those >'"I..oi.i a vas a ic .■iiitly invested in the Lord .Mayor. Shew. Ungranim:> e.> ;. ii;;"rt i->— ' He shi.'W (sllow'd", me." Aow written sAoifl. Shibboleth. As th • ;• o;.Utit.:ii.<. i ol brea^/ anil ehee..,,- distiuf'iiishijd the English from the Fieminus in WiU ';■!. •'» re'^ellictn: ab.o il(;notcs an tar of corn. Sliil iihal i : to cii!ttii '>' lies' n;'!)^ hj ;: corrupt reduplication Kt\' .ihall 1! Ship money. The oldt^st ftai., i ii •, ,ey liad, on one side, the li.ad ol ttuiurii, and ou the other, a ship; hence ili' p'r;'- :■, ' • 'jssinp up, ' lieads or ships.' Note : — l(K)lb3. of wooi< tiirtviii'^., wiiu :i!lhs. of alkali, will make a ream of paper. I have books printed on paper laade tiot only of wood, but of stiaw also. istros L-iu ur-ct ul-Iutr ll e-o I- pis VUDt I'etiir it jn-okc3 1 ■0 l-IilC )-Wllilt!S e-ing-tak-ul leiii [jccurs seventy- no. 'IpllUH. Ill, wliich tlicy , wliicli 1 taki! 'i, wlieii a Uii. ll rule. Thosi; gilt in tlio fact. ^li^Pl>y is barbarous. Slough,^ a deep miry place, bog. Slough," the skin which a serpent casts ofl'. Sludge," dirt mixed with WuLcr. Com. slusJi. 81uice,2 a vent for water, floodgate, chain. ?" (J ally,^ in a trilhng degree. Obsolete. Smectymnus,^ writer against episcopacy. Smell," scent, odor. Burbarou.sly smil. Smithery," the workshop of a 'iiuith. Snacks," a searcher in the great phiguo. Snags," sunk trees ip, Amcncan nvers. • Vdnjlivi. VVc own tlii.-i wovd to tlin C:ui|ili Alidnlinnlrk, wlio, for Ilia nvnrico nnd ex licnic parsimony, was n;\iii<:i; l^adscal nr.':iarali,or fikimifr oia flint 1 '/ y and siith. 'I'lic Fiondun Hiiij^ers arc iinrlial !o llii'ir cldUf^.iiioii. Slaves. Niitulidi- lif'Id iiis!;i'(!ry liy clirii^tidn powers in r),','i.")|ll!ll). 'I'lioir nniounl In iJic Unitt'd Status of AniiMica, on lallMI,IMI(l head of cattle, slieep, etc. are sold aiimiall> in Ms niaiUet. Smiil,-r. Iiudies of Iiirll rank, in llnvsia, smoke si'-^.irs, as hsh-womeii do here. Sniir.li.s, dividing his profits Willi lieljieis, oriainaleil the plnaMi "youe! iaia<;k;'i." Siiaiia, were dainiies wilh I! < ■mans, wliolued tbetn iiiHties nnder mcks. i Xiiinlmiulodf.) Srrcczc. 'I'lie practice )f siilnilie.'. people when (hey suee/.ed, licf-in in '.Ml. Snow. Yields the blip, oi' ( 'aiaiiiii a lar};o revenue, who coliec is it froiii >MounC AOinn, nnd sells it nl Naples, for cusims and ice.s Snapi is .1 euiiiiaciion oi'sii.ipiii'd. Snnff. The plant was brought lu Ciiropo from Yu aian by a .Spaiiiaid. i'hi' lirsl sov< rei^n jirinccsa wiio took snulK, wa.^ the celebrated Catharine de Medici. i ! SlANUAl. (•»• tJUTHOLl'V. 8S In ri ox 8of;i,J a covcrod Ront. Sotliior,'- a moiloriitdr. kSojourn,^ II yhort. iiljoclc. tjolncc.'/' to comriirf. Corruptly sn.fc. F,^.\\ih Properly fioftcncr. eoft.nur CornipUy sitdj.urn. po-jurn Hurburously so-Uh-'c. huUs yokliox*,' one wlio li^'Iits lor p:iy. Vuljjf. w-Jwr. eoh -Juf Soldierly,^ heconiinfT u soldier. {'• li.'is ilic siiint; acfciiiniiiiuii, tl'.xii;!! dlliurwistj I'orniorly. .S'('/(/i >•(''"' dui). MnjiiiniCH prommnic it sofliir ; lint winlimcu ouglit to accept thctf protiiiiK'iMtlon fini'i si'liol.'irs, and imt sclinlni's iVuni worUinrn. .Siiliir r. Till' vni'jiir iiMnsiiirm ilic il<;ii\ ;iiivi's us limy di> llio primitive. A regiment of tiornc KoldiiTH, oi Mill), iillirii>i ant! nu:n, cuhih -.I.'iiOOO/. per annum. Soldirrn. I' .' did duly al llicalii-i inynl, to l;('i p oriliT, iii (Jcnigo IT'f". reign. Solii-i.^m, . lie applied In airliiir rtiiii- ; lui ;iir It'ininn ruin in Kew Hardens Is T)Ultl with .\( t oil ^ni'iil liririi, Willi I diili'i's in /.'/» i'lniii lliatiirUic
    . .S'(>«/ (HUli?)' ^<' uiannn'. loiim ily Mild ('..i vV. .ii low only iht- ]»•< l«i liel. ,Sii/»A (I'nixciMiv iindiTi;iailii;ili'\ A Icxedlor m 'r.iillinl lliv sliiine ol roily. \i>c(/. .A hiipiMisi'd roiriipiion oi mninl ; tiieaily (••mniinaiu'i'd l>\ a late wiiter. Sort. Iniproiieily rhyne d with /""'t Knors — "'I'Ium- [t/iin] sotis [.•nirt] ot'joods." .Sofirrrn'ii. 'rlioMi! (ii Aii^iMu, >*|iain and Krnner, .'ire •lersoiiiiiid in Draii Swift's hidi- rrioiis liimory ol Kiiropi;, !!•< Sipiires .•irtu'/.', .«fr((r, niid hubi'mi. .tnlm Hull, for lOiiglaiid, oiiy naied ilien.iii. The I'xpii^nioa, 'In uj siiveriiiyn,' was tiitjl used to lleuiy VIII. AUk) a pi.Ti,' of inoliey, lii-litary, niii! .'(Kit [HUte1. 84 MANUAL 01' OUTIIOEPV. i\ ; Sowl,^- to pull or twitch (ho ours. Ohsolclc. Sparable' ' dhocmakcr'tj ir.iils. ViiI,in-a skwali skwirc &pniliarils. Coipi^li tin iiiiiiors. l^ccnusc their lahor is performed vvitli Hpadtv. S/»a»j. Apiiiits lo n.'v clotli istctided on Uie rack, or lalicii from the spicks : honce tho terms, span new ; spick aii'l .-jpiwi new : also nine inclu^s. Spani.i/i lii/uoiirc. I?(( aus(. iiia(ie in Spain and Sicily. Tlie Spanisli Church haa 58 arelibishops, and 084 iiisliup> : wiiti a miiltiludiiioiis lio.st ofinfirior cler^iiy. 8pa7iish rcvenM<' is e.xfi'crl. I in anioiint, by the duly wo pay on our spirits. Hpialcrr of the t'oninion's -alary is T(N)()i. pt;r annum, besides an allowance oCCMOl. for official dinners and ser>i«' i plate, Willi a town residence in St. Steplien's court. Thai of the Speakt r ol the II. i - of Asspniliiy, Upper Canada, is 250/. per amiuiii. Spccifs fluunaii). An- iii nils till lieifinnin;.' lo speak, and children to the aitc of puberty. Spei'ch. The first public (Jiie of an LuKlish Kinj;, was made by Henry I. 1J07. Spit,:. K. I. <;.'s carjjo in tlieir slilp, the Con.srnt, IGOH, cost 2,'.MH/. and sold for :Mi,2S7l. Spider. Its bill' is innoxious : each thread is the union of 4000 ! So also our fable, from Palestine, ot the Vox and the Crapes ; a fox may destroy, but seldom eats gra|)es. SpiU. 'B»ont .fpiU I wasii' or scalier] the snaar"' Spill ai>plies to liiiuids, iiot dry ^nods. Spinatfr. An unniarri* d wnnian : ihus named, because anciently spinning u set of bed furniture before inarriace. S/;«o?i.s/u/ Is improperly written spoonfuls. SpiUa.l. A))plied in UMfrinnu in a hospital ; thence called a spittal sermoti. Sports [biiokoi]. PiiiiiiNhi'd by Hj). Morion, Kill), to direct amuscinrnt.i oh the sabbath- Sijaitio. ACut (.'ivIriR birth to a child, 1 have seen Itrr out with it on the next day. Syuire. Pi"ionarifs coiiCimnd it with i squire. Our standard dictionary is the sole pro- duction of l>r. JoliMsnn, whilst that ol' Paris was coniiilii'd by forty Royal Academicians: itii) lo tliibi uirciunsiance tiif pnct alludes when eulo^isim; the Doctor, — "He has beat forty Frenclnnen, and will beat forty more." S^rt^[a manhal'sl triiiii heoii, or iintnn, was oiiginally tiven to a Frencli general. Stand. Many pcirsoiis impropeily write and say, — "Slaii I an [pv,] end." Stanmorc. A liiiuil III dollniN if I'raiiUiii}; for others, Stationer, nocaiiso taking his station, of old, in a imblic thorou^hfarp. Eleven copies of every book piibliMliod imisl Ik; ilepositt'd, malultoiisly, at Stationers' Hall. Steam occupien 1800 tiiiics Hit! space ol waier. We have 'iO-OOO steam etigincs. Larg- est in the world, is at Colonel ISradyll's colliery, Soiiili llriion, near Minham. Stcrl. Can be made nearly three hundred times dearer than jiold. Six steel watch Bprings wei^h one grain, and sell for i!/. 5,i.; \\ liilst a f;r;iiii of f,'old is worth but 2d. Stfiphcn [stevun]. If a mother watit her son S;eph(;n or Robert, she will call "i^'"vij and Bobby ;" but ihe lather "Htcvi: and Jlob." 'J'his vvhinisical accommodation of the gender to the person who speaks, is a pare anylicism. St. Stephen is the tirst or proio-martyr. Stilton cheese. Property Wiohcote, being first made at this villai^e in Leicester. Stockjobber, [dealer in funds.] Dr. Johnson assigns it a morbidly illllieral interpretation. Stocks. Present fundliolders, iJ74,H'i:5. Of the 54 millions lent to foreign powers, through the Stock Exchange, .'iO have been loiincd to insolvent states, incapable of paying a penny. Stole, [groom of thcj. Id est, robe, which is understood ; whilst stole is not only not so, but, to the unlettered, insinuates an obvious and far dilferent meaning. Stone bridge. First in England, traditionally, is that at How, over the river Lee : the three linest in Europe, are th(tse of lilackfriars, Waterloo, and Westminster. Oldest gothic one is at Crowlnnd, Lincolnshlie, bfiilt in 8fi0. The famous Hying oifc aroh bridge in Clii- na, from mountain to mountain, is 400 cid)its long ami r>00 high. Straw. Men of, because, of old, sham bail paraded Westminster Ilall with a straw in the shoo: now known, in bail courts, by a bit of paper in the hand. Strike. Fine, or rather drawn writing, has been gradually waning since the davs of Langford, whoso elaborate specimen so long occupied a niche in the Royal E.vchajige: it cost him a year's labor, being, like all others, tirst pencilled, then filled in with ink, which nnist be news to the uninitiated. Note : — Statue is vulgarized Statute. " Striking a bargain." Comes from the flrecks more solemn oath, at their altars, of striking down the victim. Our form of oath is the least impressive of any nation whatever. Note :— "Those born at sea belong to Stepney parish." Tliis is a vulgar error. 86 .n^vM AL (U <)j:Tii(H",rv. Stri|>linfi,'J a hoy, bofMUii^c Riilijoct to fttrlprs. Ftrli) llnf; Siroi'ho,"*' lir.it it (miiImt of ii iiooni. Corr. sfrofr. ptro-fo yiudidus,'' l)(i.)lti,- a n.sli. OCtoii uo'tIis r»l)0 Ihs. P'lir-jniin Stye,- nil eyelid hninpr. iNuivation ind^nowji. mi Stygian,"* abominable, infernal. (•v//^''-?///«)stulj.yaii Style,' a manner of vvriling. Also fttih,. atilo Subject,- in tlio snrr^rery, a dead body, (fnhjck) aah.^ckt Subjected," reduced to subniission. (sfi/:jr/,fcfl) suhiaktcd Sublunary,^ under tiio moon. (yuh-Ioo.na-7'c)tinh.\nn.ct-o Subpcena,- a law writ. Corruptly s«-pr/Jrt. puh-pCna Sid)!3crii)lion,- writ, on i!tocU exchange .fcrlj). sub-sUripfhun Subtile,-Mhin, line, piercinjj;. (./)///) sfib-til Subtle,"' sly, cunnin;.', artful. (suh-lJt')i^n[..u\ Subtly,'' slyly, cunningly, arlfully. (««/>•////) sut-lo Subtract,^ to deduct. Often spelt suh.slntcl. sub.tr;Tct Such,' similar. Often barbariscd sick, putsh SulFragan,- a bisliop's deputy. Kfif-fra-gua Sugar,'- the salt of augur-cano. (ww/^-wr) phoojr.frur Suggest,^ lo hint. Improperly as spelt, siuljobt Summoned,*) cited. Improperly summonsed. Bum-mnnA Stuck in the inuil, arnso from Dr. Oraliain, of Hath, sntisiiis his pjilidiiis up lo tho ctllii in mud. Notk : in poIysylliililcH Uio accent is on th(! tliird vowol I'ldin thi; last. Btiid. Dftlio Ciiiinicss Orloll" ("oniini.sns VA-H) li(ir.Jc;s, Willi Ki!)U prooniH and lii'Ipors. Stiidi/. Tiie Atiicnians siiujii'd by ilm oar, wliicli was .^o aitcnuiiicd, that tnic of tholi AcrA.woiMfiii kiiewThcopli istns tf> lic'a siriinirt'r, from his ]ironun(:iali(in ofasiiiRlft word. Stvff. Cant name of alum niixi-d with Fall, nstid |jy bakuiH for adiiltcraliiif! bread. • Up the. .stump.' An Aiiiericiin plirn.'-c, i. e. has loist hiinsull', or rani rio what he promised. Stupe, [lo Ibnient], Tlie mob apply this word to a sUipid fellow; as tliey also do the siil{;ularly barbarous oiio i\{' hurnm snorum to a r.ort of linirfciavajio dolt. ^tyx. Also a IViijncd ri- it in Uadis, by wliicli the {•'"''^ swore; and ho wlio Bwore falHbly Was banished from Klysimn lor oni; tliniii^and years. Subject. Formerly, a rcsiirreeiiouiKt fiumd ii diiliciilt tofjel 0/. for one ; Iiccnn now ob- tain l5/. [in Paris but .5.V.] Hence the tiMiiiitalion to this uiiliaHow'd trallic. Suhjcrts, for Icpislalion, before the House, are hill.-! ; on jia. the mulliplicity of their Kamin^ houses. Suite, (a retinue). Those ignorant of its l'"rciicli extraction call it siitfi. Sulphuric acid; is used by TiOiulon brewers, to give new beer IIk; flavor of old. Sum spent in Ei)iir9 bclbrc Aloiuudcr. VVoBtilliiay, Int metonyniiCHlly, tiiesuu.t- Parliament. ! cnnCdiiiult'd. forlyoipht. can revenue. gc flirco hun- fold. llionH n yont ilesH pleaded ; clifiously ob- )y king Ahn/,, lliOiJUU riaij. WArvuAi. CI' oiiTKor.rY. ^ isijpurlltioiis,'* unncnof^sary : thin ct 7 on flu, su-ju'r-ilrjo us Superior,-' lii^^licr : uirnclotlly shon.prr-ni"'. boo i>Cio.yur Surffooii,- an oponilor. Former' xf^o;* . mir-jon Siir-u upper rout. I nially siir-loo.mt.u'^ox Suture,'-^ scwiilg up wounds. (A7iM-/s7tar.)bO\v.ishuio S\vab,2 a ship mop, liencc * sivah the decks.* awob Swam,*' to swim. Formcrl)', now vul/ro, .swofii. swam JSwankum,- lliu last druiighl in a cup ol'ulu. BwanU-uiu Swell-mob," well-drcgsed pickpockets. Bwol-niob Swineherd,^ hog-kjofier. In the u.>rth swiiuird. awinc-hurJ Swingcmfr,^ great, hu;:;o, largo, unmensc. swuidj-ing Swinging,*' an infantine amusement. swing-iiig Switch,^ a small twig. Corruptly called swish. bw'iIhU Swoon,'-^ a fainting lit. Vulgarly swpidkI. nwauo Syncope,'- a fainting fit. Mispron. sin-/iopc.tihi-lio.\w Synod,- an assembly. Usually proiKjun. si.nod. sin-nud Synonymc,'-' a similar word : con. with srinonomy. Bin.o.nim Systole,'- contraction of the heart. (si^-lolc) sis.io.lo r. Tabor,- a samll drum. Ta!/orrf ov tahorinctn-hnt Tacit,^ implied, silent. Corruptly laf;.il. tfi.sit TaJl'ely,- a thin silk. Also spelt if')H. iSiuii. lines were liist used in I'liKlaiid 1078. ^iisan. |a name|. Fnnii Siisi,ui/iii, a I'er.siaii provinr(>, becau-e abonnding wiili lilies. Swan, lias been liiiown 10 live to ilie atotw. auc id' two liniidrrcl years I Bwanl;iim. Tlie tippleis ol' Itrriintreo and lloekiiif,', J;:^sex, divide ti tankard ofalo into three draii;4litH, wbieli they call by lln; names itl' iiii/,,iiii, s/iiuum, and giraulnon. Swccjur. oi'aslrei't crossinfi in riiiiiiliin, oi'ii'ii picks up si.\ or .seven sjiillin^fj u day. i*ieiufrciii!^. 'I'liis sprlljiij; propel Iv (li.-'tintruislies il rroiii tlie participle. fiword lsord|. The .Arabians ciH ii by KKiO nanus; a lion, ."jbll; and a serpent, 200. ►'iuojv, as s|)ell, bill cor. .forc : its pailirijile s!"(,rii, is also corruiited sorii. Hystcm [liimanj. t-o iiaiued I'rom Hii (,'liarles Jd;;ne, tlie h-ivedisli natiiiallat. Tis an independent rin rafter, e. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) A 1.0 I.I IM 2.2 IM 1.8 1-25 1.4 1.6 ■• 6" ► Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 873-4503 f/ ^ 88 MANUAL 01' OUTIIOErr. Talk,5 to speak. Iinprojxirly as spelt, tnwk Tallow,- hard fjit moiled. toUur el taJ-lur. ijiMo Talmud,'* the Jewish law. Or thalmud. tal-muJ Tainarind,^ un acid Iiuliari fruit. (/am-f/r-in) lam.a.rind Tapis,- on the carpet. From House of Lords. ta.p6 Tariff,^ the various duties on merchandise. tar-iff Tax,2 raised arbitrarily in 1100; on land, OOl.taks Tea,2 a plant imported Irom China in 1591. Its duty equals the Neapolitan revenue. to ' x Tear ,2 eye-water. Tear,* to rend ; then tare, toor Techy ,2 peevish. Corrupted like ^e/cAj/. totsh-o Te Deum," a hymn. Ex. from its first lat. words, to ds.um Teens,2 ti,o years between 12 and 20. {tens) tenea Teint,2 ^ color, touch of the pencil. Or /in/, tint Tenet,'"* opinion. Also written /encn/. (/e>ni/) ten-nit Tent-wino,2 is produced round Malaga, Spain, tont.wino Tcrm-trotter,2 keeper of University half-terms, turm trol.ur Terp8ichore,2 muse of dancing, {tcrps-e-kore) torp-sik-o-rc Tether,5 to tie with a rope. tedur ^ tiddur. teth-ur Tetrarch,^ governor of a province. (/:c/.7'a-arA) tet-rark Ta'cn. For tal ?n, is soirfltimns, but improporly, ndmittcd into dictionnrics. Talmud. Tlicru lire two, the .leruHiilotii nnd Rnhy loninii : this ia most valued by CiiO Jowi. Tapcstn/. Invuiitud lt255, by Sir F. Crane ; first made in England 1G20. Tapis. Decauac the table of the House of Lords is covered with a CHr|ict. Tartars and savages Icovo their sick and aged tn perish in solitary places. Tassel. Its corruption faus-ul, with tas-tr.cs for tastes, are common cocknryisms. Tawdry. [Gaudy]. Crasis of St. Audrey, a shrine and altar in the Isle of Ely; which, Tor vulgar flni-ry su exceeded all others as to occasion its becoming proverbial. Tax. Hence, the belief that William H. began tiie land-tux is erroneous. When Geo. III. began to reign the taxes were six, but at his death sixty millions a year. On Cull's house, Cheltciiliam, 17G7, were 9s. Id. now, 1833, ru. ds. 4d. On paper, advertisements Sc, new8(>apers, 1 ,.'>Ofl,(lOO;. a year. In America are three, the Union, Local State, and Town tax. CnmcB ftom the barbarous latin of tallia. Taylnt- A west of England crasis, oi corruption of hay loft. Tea. Fornierly try ; in some counties pronounced tay ; so also by Pope, in— "Tell, tell your grief; attentive will I stay, Tliough time is precious, and T want some tea." TVar and tear. Their opposed orthoepy perplexes the unlettered. Te J)eum. The words were composed by a Gaul, about 300. Corruptly tede-yum. Telescopes arc not mentioned biaore 1590, but are attributed to Daptista Porta. Temperance societies, have lessencid the use of ardent spirits, in Scotland and Ireland, full one-third. There are ICtO in America, where 00 stills have ceased working. Temples to Confucius in China are 1,500; consuming .'>9,400 animals in services. Ten-penny [a]- American coin, is known by run engle, and their shillings by pillars. Terra fHrma, in Boiiih America, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean ; 1300 miles. Tetrapla. A bible divided into four coluinns, with a difTeront Greek version in each; namely, Aqiiito'n, Syinmaclius's, the tiepluugint, and 'J'licodosian. Thales of Miletus, 000 years U. C. by observation, fust discovered the four seasons. Notk;— The favorite ale-house motto in Oliver CiomweH's time, "God encompasseth us," is now converted into " Tlic Goat and compasses :" and Bag of nails is a corruption of "The HocchaiialH." Vulgarisms :— Tit, tcjus, lindor, tarabul, tempore, tutsh-c, and thrip-pcnie, for teat, ivdluuB, tender, terrible, temporary, tetchy, and three inincu. IHaMTAL or OUTIIOEl'Y. 8a 'J'i»atnes,2 q^^j. finest river : 1117 was dn/ 3 days, lonis Tlioiij;li,*' yot : written clisioriuUy tho'. tho Tliravtj,'' twenty. four sheaves of corn, (thrci^r) ihmvo Tliree fi}];ures,:» a green room phrase for iillUO. ihrco fig.urs Thrinn,'' to grate, to phiy coarsely. tlinuii Thule,- the farthest part of the world. thoo-le Thy,' of thee. Dramatists call it tJie. thi Thyme,'-^ a fragrant herb. Properly thime. timo Tiar,'-' a diadem. Also written tiara, ti.ur Tibial,-' relating to the shin bone. (Uh-ul) tib.yul Ticking,^ a cloth for bed cases. Or iickcn. lik-kin Tier,2 a row of guns in a ship. (^i-Mr)tcor Tight,-* tense, close, difficult, tidy. tito Tightish,-' somewhat tight. Common word, tuo-lsh Timar,'^ a Turkish stipendiary soldier. tl.rnur Timorous,^ fearful, liarb. Ibnrus and timnrsum, tim-iirus 'J'ips(afr,2 an oHicer of the courts, constable. tip.siaff Tire,'^ a head-dress. A row, then tier {leer) tiro Tiring-room,'^ stage to dress. Cor. attiring, tirc-ing.rumo Tisick,^ a consumption. Properly phthisic, tiz-ic Term filif!] Fndinn, or aIiori''inPs of Tndia, is iniproporly applW-d lo inosl mon of color I'/iainrs, iiticiuiitly I'lirhnnj. JliscH 4 iriilcH Croiii Cirencester, (iloiiceHterriliirc. 'I'lianlcnirivhifT. At nical.", ;;rf!vaileavn!;<; and half civilixed nations of the earth, are cither I'nKana or Mahf)nictang. The liigli and low church we rah parties, hut thoHC in opposition th(!rcto, sects. Thfatrr.. The niyiitly e.\penfi(!S of Driiry \a\\w and CovniiiiJarden, are 200i. each. Tlirhrn. A (Grecian and ICtiyptiun city ; this llecatonipylos, I>ecau8e it had 10(1 gates. Thrm. To employ It instead of these or those, is a sure proof of vulgarity. Themselves. "liCt each wash themselves'''' (hiinsidf^, Philip c. 2. This. In—" Tliis is it." the last word, ihroiiKh hastiness, is often cliangcd to hit. Thread. When a verh, is fre(|uently harbariscui into — "ThreaMc this needle." Three figures Wlien Master Hetty played, who had 100/. anight! whilst drcbsing foi his pnrt.'he woidd ask technically; — "Are the three figures in the house 1" 'I'hroughly, known, or good, is wrong ; should he thoroughly known, and so on. Thrum. There is a strange way of sounding this, as if written strum. Thulc. Anci(!nfly supposi^d lo h; a small island, a little beyond the Orkneys. Tiar, or Tiara. Originally a Persian cap, now adopted by the Pope, as his crown: whose bulls are letters, strengthetied with load(!n seals, containing his decrees. Tierec. The evening v(;sper hour, being eight in winter, and t«n in snninicr months, Tiglitish. Vulgarly a|)plied to personal habits and <-'xterior appearance. Timar. His animal pay (IO,!Wt!l aspersj obliges him to eipiip si.v horsemen in war. Times newspaper, employs 100 men anil li! reporters: in (!■ liours, from 300,000 inovo- able letters produces li>,(HM) copies : pric(! Id. A larger, in America, costs but 'J^'/. Tin. King .lames II, roincd tin farthings and halfpennies, or halfpi.-nce, in IliHt'i. Tiny, (small). Formerly coiilined within the boumlaries of the burgeois, though it now ranges amongst tho politest circli^s. The same may he said ni'J'at, which was as closel)r pent up in onr various markets, but no'.v associates with tin; best company. 'Tire. A corruption of thi! I.iiiiii liar, and is pronounced with llio i lung. Tipstaff. Uccauso Ixiaring a imintcd Blafl' or one tipped with silver. ^i 90 MANUAL oi' onrnoEi'T. Titular,3 honorary, in name only. (tit-u-lur) tltsh-yew.lur Tivy,2 a word denoting speed. From tantivy, tiv-ve To,^ unto : used in America for at and till, as to hum (at home) till (at) Pittsburgh. too et to Todd,^ a bush, thick shrub, fox, wt. of 28 lbs. tod Toged,3 dressed in a gown. Vulgarly to^'d. td.ged Tomb,2 a receptacle for the dead. (full) toom Ton,* a weight. Tun,® a measure. As spelt, tun Tontine,® a kind of lottery invented in 1653. ton.teen Topography,® descript. of places. (top.o.^ra/-e) to-pog.ra-fe Torquay ,2 a village in a retired cove of Torbay. tor.ka Torrefy ,5 to scorch. Or written torrify. tdr.re.fi Tortile,3 twisted, twined. Spelt also tortive. tor.tUe Tory ,2 an advocate for old institutions, (tor-e) t6.ro Toupet,2 artificial curl : also toopee and toupee. too.pd Tour,2 an irregular journey. Vulgarly tow-ur. toor Toward,^ confident, bold, forward. (to-ward) tord Tradesfolk,® persons in trade. (tradesfolks) trades-foke Trait,® a [touch : a late writer vulgarises trate. tra Tithes. First given by Abram to Mclchizcdek : collected by the Mntiaical law 1400 years before Ciirist ; and granted to the English church in 786. Before ttthes, priesta had one of the four otferings of the altar for their support. Title. Duke of Clarance is from Clarentzn, a Grecian village, not as thought a Suffolk town. That of 'Confessor,' was conferred on king Edward, by the Pope, in return for peler-pence; and the one of Most Christian King, originated with Clovis, king of France. Title-writinf. I know a gentleman who makes 800/. a year, by attending schoola aa an ornamental writer of titles in ciphering books. lu topknot k is mute. Tiz. Name in the Hungarian language for ten : also contraction for it is. To. "Write {to) me." Tote : in many parts of America, means fetch, carry or bring. Tobacco. Its plural is improperly rendered tobaccos (tobaccoes). Hottentots apply it to the tongue of a snake, and it instakiily e.xpires. Tax'd 1000 par cent. Toe. 1 wonder the clippers of potatoe and woe leave this word unmolested. Tohrdbly, for tolerable well, is improper. Toat for carry, is Pennsvlvanian. Ton. Ending a place, as Boston, means a town. Tofore (to-fore), before, ia obsolete. Tontine. By L. Tonii, an Italian, to repair the shattered finances of France. Tnoley. Name of a street, bridge, and corner in the Borough ; crasis of St. Olavo. Tooth-ache. Is instantly relieved, if not cured, by the application of nitric acid. Tory. An old word used by Irish banditti, implying, deliver you, or give to me. Tour. Its proper enunciation, prevents mistiiking taking a tour for taking a tower. Toward. Its corruption to-ward, with tow-ur iot tour (toor), are also Londonisnm. Tower of Babel. Its confusion formed no new tongue, but the dispersion only of man. Town. This surname is conjectured to be a crasis or contraction of St. Owen. The toasts are (/ranAr, but the men were (2run/i.- hence their distinction : vide p 13. Transactions. Name for the acts of the Royal Society ; as are memoir* for those of tho French Academy of Sciences; and of commentaries in that of Pef ersburgh. An Jlct, in our Universities, is a public thesis or theme, by candidates for a degree. Translation, promotion to a higher see : in this instance only does it improve. Translated (our bible is^ into 139 languages, and Iihh stood the test of 300 yearn. Bn zealously faithful arc the Jews in their traiinlaii'iuN, they even number the words & letters. Transports. Fii^t in America were to Virginia, l)y k. William and q. Mary, in IKS). CorKNBYtsMs :— Tile, tilepiim, til'injr, for toll, toilsome, toilinc Bak-ke, tord (torn), a tongs (pair of toiit^)i and tizuiit (,it i^not) are vulgarisms. Tuthill, formerly Tuttle-flelds. MANUAL OP ORTHOEPY. 91 :'( Trapes,^ a slattern : the verb is traipse, {traps) traipse Travado,^ a sudden or impetuous hurricane. tra.va.do Travail,* the pains of childbirth. trav-ale Travel,^ to make a journey ; 2 a journey. truv-ul Tremendous,^ awful. Vulgarly ire.men.de.us. tre-men-dua Trevet,2 an iron stand for a pot. Or trivet, trev-ut Tripe,2 the entrails of an ox cleansed. tripe Troubadour,* an early French Poet of Provence, troo.bo-dore Trough,* a vessel. A late writer calls it truf. trof Troy-wt.* named by Darius on taking Babylon, troi-wate Truant,* a vagabond, loiterer. Corr. truand. tru-unt Truffle,2 a subterraneous mushroom, (truf-ul) troo.fel Tune,* an air. Impro. with tone. (tshune) toono Turban,* a Turk's cap. Also iurbant or turband. tur-bun Turcism,* religion of the Turks. (turkizem) tflr.siz-em Turkois,* a blue stone. Spelt and called turcois. tur-keeze Turnip,* a vegetable. From Hanover, (tur-mit) lur. nip Turns-up,* low term for fisty-cufTs. (turn-ups) taraa-up U. Ubiety,^ relation to a place : or ubercation. yow.bi.cte Travado. On my voy.ige to York, Upper Canada, via New York, America, 1 eneoun< tered ten, in the atlantic ocean, where, and hbnut Cape of Good Hope, it chiefly prevails. Travail. Is cunTounded in iiss with the verb, whicli calls loudly for reform. No pos- tilion in Russia dare to !;o at a less pace than ten versts, or six miles an liour. Travelling expenses, allowed in our law courts, varies from is. to 7s. per mile. Tree. Drs. Johnson and Franklin, with Mr. Strahan, each planted a tree in the latter'a garden, New Street r they all thrive, but Dr. Johnson's is remarkably superior. The nut of the Bead-tree is bored through & strung as beads by the Catholics of Spain Sc Portugal. At Tamworth, Gloucestershire, is a chestnut tree that has attained the age of 103J years. Trent (council of) met 1545, and sat 25 years. Decreed religious admissions at 16. Tribes. Thooe in Hindostau are called castes, of which the Brahmin is the noblest. Trisyllables, Accented on the second, form the adjective in al, and adverb in ly. Truil. A low woman ; but in Queen Elizabeth's time, an innocent country beauty. Trundle. 5. To roll : often rejected for bowl, as the boy bowls [trundles] his hoop. Tumbril. An ancient engine for ducking people in muddy water ; also a dung cart. Turf. Was the primitive material for altars ; afterwards of stone, marble, wood, and even horn, as that of Apollo in Delos : were square, round, or ovnl, and faced the east. Turncoat. Originated with a former duke of Savoy, famous frir changing sides. Turnip. The least nutritive vegetable. First cultivated in fields about 1730. Tutoress. Properly tutress, as or has a masculine signification : as well might we write actoress, governoress, traitoress, and suitoresit. Twells. Is a Somerset crasis of at fVells. Tuesday is improperly called chuse-da. Twelve months. The s is often, but improperly, dropped ; as also are tie. Tvelvepenny. Here v is turned into/ Every Turk, high and low, must learn a trade. Twenty-seven newspapers only are in Asia, with a population of 390 millions. Twickenham. Residence of Pope, who spelt it much like its cockneyism, Twitnem. Type. The Statutes, and their Abridgment, consume 300,000 octavo pages ! That which if called back-slope, i. e. reclining rearwards, I saw prevailed at New Yoik. Tyrant. Simply king or ruler. Scholars use it oftencr in a good than bad sense. On Napoleon's fall, 50,000 persons were found in French prisons, on political cliarges. U. When beginning a word, many Londoners change it into o, as uimatural [on-natu Ml]. Its greatMt mutation is in the words busy, business, tnuy, and buii&l. ; M 92 MANUAL OF ORTIIOEPV. Umbilical,^ belonging to the navel. Or umhilic. Umbrella,^ a cover from the sun. Or unibrci. Unactive,^ hfiavy. Inartioe is a better word. Unanimous,^ of one mind. Vulgarly on nious. Unappalled,^ bold. Semi-accented j>ri/. Unaware,''^ suddenly. Also written unawares. Unbigoted,3 not bigoted, free from bigotry. Uncalcined,^ not hardened by fire, (un-hil-sind) Uncapable,^ improper. Properly incapable. Uncarnate,^ not fleshly. Properly incarnate. Uncomplete.^ not finished. Properly incomplete. Uncouth,^ a\.kard, strange. {JM) Unction,^ the last solemn rite of Catholicism. Unctuous,'' fat, oily. Corruptly ung-shus. Uncurrent,^ bank notes not payable in N. York. Undergo,^ to hazard. In this sense not in use. Under-oath,^ Irish form to enforce abstinence. Underweigh,2 prepared : also written underwa\ Undone,^ ruined. Full and vulgarly on-don. Unfirm,3 infirm ; which should be the word. Unfortunate,^ unprosperous. {misfortunate) um-bii.e-kul um-brul.uli un-uctbua un-kur-rent un-der-go un-dor.otbe un-der.wa un-dun un-furm unfur-tshu-nate Vlpian[\\ie\ and the Palatine were ttie mogt celebrated libraries of ancient Rome. Vltimity. (iiltimete) last stage : improperly on ul, and substiluted by uitiniatcly. Umbrella. Comninnly cockneyfied into umhreller and iiuiber-flia. Vnbigoted. Dr. Johnson and others double the t, but withhold it from bigoted. Uncapable. The u, in words of tiiis sort, is now supplied by the letter i. Uncle. In northern counties means an old man. Uncle Sam, jestingly, an American. Unclothe. Dr. Johnson writes it uncloath, and yet spells its priu.itive clothe. Unconverted [Baxter's call to the]. 20,(K)0 copies sold in one yenr It tins been transla- ted into the Indian tongue. He wrote 1^ books, and CO were written asaiust him. Unction (extreme). liegan about 100, and became general in 450. The parts to be a- nolntnd are the eyes, ears, nostrils, mouth, hands, feet, and reins. Practised also by Jews. Uncurrent notes, of which America has hundreds, are discounted at 20.9. per cent. Undtr oath. A vow to refrain from indulgence ; termiiiuble in six months. Understood. In the 35th Homily it is improperly converted into undersiandcd. Underwriter. Because the insurer writes his name at the foot of the policy. Unfought. Thus placed, gh are never sounded ; when coalescing, they seldom are, tin- lesB divided by a syllable, and then not always. Sleek, vulgarly .«/)A:. United : colonial papers imported last year, 12,429. Post office charce is 3il. each, and l^rf. ou every one sent out ; which amo'inted to 12,062,000 in 1830 : of these, 185,448 were for our colonies. America publishes 1200 different newspapers. I7nited States Congress consists of 48 senators, and MM) representatives, [subject to In- crease as new states come in| who are paid 8 dollars a day in Session, and H also for every 90 miles they travel. Their president 2.'i,000 dollars a year. Americans, in any chunco business, are called jo66er«. They substitute ahiidc for elude. I7nt»ers««y of Oxford was founded by Alfred, in 872. Formerly when examinations were regularly set and pointed, candidates committed them secretly to memory, and bo passed with ease. This was called cram. Its division of the arts and sciences is called fMuUies, and are generally four ; Arts, Theology, Physic, and Civil Law. Notb:— We read in the papers— "An undeniable character is required ;" this is defe«- tiT«, inumuclt u it applies two ways. Sliotild be good, or unobjectionable. MANUAL or OIJTHOr.PY. 03 mte ican. finsla- be a- Jews. t. J, nn- I and wore toin- ivcry lilllCO linns id HO ailed efe«- Unked,^ irksome, whicli is a far bettor woi-l. unkM Unknown,'"' neither known nor noted, [unhcnonc) un.nono IJnIoose,5 to ease, fall in pieces. un-looso IJnpartial,-' just, tair. 'Iinparlinl is better, un.par-shul Unpropitious,"* unfavorable, inauspicious. un-pro-pish ua Unsaid,** not uttered. Properly spelt unsnycd. un-sod Unshaked,3 unmoved. Uiishahcn is better, un shfike'd Unslaked,^ burning : corruptly unslaked, un-slrUco'd Unsowed,"* having no seed. Or unsoivn. un-sodo Unstaunched,^ not stayed. Its second u is im- proper, being derived from eslanchcr. un-stansht Unsuspicious,'' having no suspicion, open, easy, un.sus.plsh.ua Untie,^ to unbind. Somtimcs written untij. un.ti Untoward,-' frovvard : (unto-ward, et un-fou-urd) nn.l6.urd Untowardly,''^ perversely. {iiii-tou-vrd-le) un-td-urd.lo Untrod,3 smooth. Also untrodden, un.irod Unvail,5 to throw off a vail, uncover, show. un.valo Unveil,5 to discover, make plain. un-veel Unwares,'' suddenly, {unwaz) Prop, unawares, un.wacrz Unwashed,-* dirty. Also unwashen. un-wash'd Unwed,3 unmarried. Properly unwedded. un-wed Unked. Is believed to be a barbarism of the rabble, from the word uncouth. Unknoio and vnknnion. When k prpccdt^s n, in the same ijyilnhio, it is always silent : and MM prefixed to a word gives it, for the most part, a negative formation. Unlickcd. Not formed: shorn ofun, is then used by the mob for beaten or corrected. Unloose. Is subject to the same remark as unrip : it is a barbarous redundancy. Vnmeddled. Dr. Jo'lmson s\)Ms it with two iiist(>ad of three d'a. Unpartittl. Is of a negative formation, and seldoui, if ever, used by good writers. Unpronounceable, or hard words, as 1 have discovered in my provincial tours, are cal- led, in village schools, kept by matrons, liobl/le- Vegetable plants actually known are 44,000, of which 17,000 are American. Vegetation ceases on the Jtndrs, the height of 14,697 feet, and the Alps at 9,585. Veil. Wus rent in twain, Mat. 27,-51 : holy oi holies curtain, of blue, purple St. scarlet Venitans. Their refuse are the Chouans (ex. ehouette, a small owl) those fight by day, tiut these by night; and are thought little better than smugglers changed into banditU. Veneer {ve-near). Commonly, and by thetrade generally ,*pronounced finneer. Venerable. "The very venerable (reverend) Archdeacon Cambridge." When indica* tive of age, or the respect it bears, venerable is well chosen ; but if intended, as I suspect, for a term of distinction, is most absurd and out of place. Venice. Otiginated the word agio; difference between cash and paper money. Its bank (the first) was established 1157 ; [their paper issues are called banco] that of Genoa 1345 ; Amsterdam 1609; Hamburgh 1619; Rottvidam 1G35; England 1894; BcoUaud IfiSS ; and Fianca 1710. America haa full 600. MAKUAL OP ORTIIOKI'V. 05 ■■'I Ventriloquisf,^ speaker from ll»e belly. vonlril.o-kwist Verdict,'-^ determination by a jury. {ver-dik) vGr-diki Verdure,^ a green color. Improperly as written, vur-jiue Verse,2 poetry : there are 23,200 in the Bible, vurse Verst,^ a Russian measure. lU make 6 miles, vurst Vertebre,2 a joint of the back. From vertebre. vur.te-bur Veterinary ,2 a horse-doctor. (vet-run-e) v6t.er.e.na-re Vice,2 wickedness. Corrupted from viiium. vise Vicious,^ wicked, corrupt. Also vitious. vish.shus Vigil,2 the eve before a holyday. (vi-jil) vidj-il Vignette,^ a wreath of leaves or flowers, &c. vin.et Villain,^ anciently a servant ; also a tenant of manorial lands. (vi^^^^n) vil-en Virtuoso,^ skilled in curiosities : plural virtuosi, vir.tew.d-so Viscount,^ title next an earl. Yulgo as spelt, vi-kount Vista,^ a prospect through trees. Or visto. vis-tuh Vive,^ lively, strong, forcible. (viv) veve Volume,^ a book. Commonly voLlum. vol-yumc Voluptuoas,^ luxurious. Corruptly volupshus, vo.lup.tshus Vulgate,^ the common version of the Bible, until St. Jerome made a new one from the Hebrew, vulgait Vastlff. Is a word often abused by the affected, and small talkers, as— 'vastly i{ood.' yentriloquiam. By this art the ancients managed thn responses of their oracles. , Verba. We have nearly eight thousand verbs, and about forty thousand words. Vergers. Officers in law-courts and cathedrals, attendants upon dignitaries. Vermin. Its barbarism {narmivt) is certainly one of the lowest in our langua|[e. Verse. This term, when appMed to the separate divisions of a poem, is wrong : the true signification of verse, in poetry, being simply but one line. Verse 21st c. 7, of Ezra, has the whole alphabet in it: least is 1st c. Ist Chronicles. Version [an old] of the Testament has rascal for servant, then correct, in Rom. 1. 1. Vertebre. Vulg. as spelt: anglicised as centre: its plural is now vertebres. Vesalius of Brussels, anciently gave names to the muscles of the human body. Vestry elerk. Has a gratuity of 11. &s. on every thousand names in a census. Veterinary. Imported from France 20 years back, on our establishment of the college. Victim. Hence victimised, a sufferer by swindling. The ancients offered barren beasts as victims to the infernal deities, but fruitful ones in sacrifice to tlie celestial gods. Victuals (vit-elz). Its orthoepy is corrupt ; and was so offensive to dean Swift, that ia writing he invariably spelt it vitiles. Victualer [vit-ler], a publican. Villain Thus Henry VIII. addressing the tenant of a niano ', says, — "As you are ab accomplished villain, I order that you receive 700^ out of the public treasury." Vine [the] fig, pomegranate, and melon, were favorite fruits in Athenian gardens. Tire hanging gardens of Babylon, spoken of by Diodorus and Btrabo, were the wonders of art. Vol, or vulcano. There are 200 in the world ; of which number 118 are in America. Voltaire.,Uia best portrait is traced on the village inn-wall of Colonges, on the continent. Volumes. In Cambridge library are unknown, but the authors amount to lOO.OQa Vote. If a place return two members to Parliament, an elector may vote for HiRi ; but if he give it to one only, and withhold it from the other, this is called a plumper. Vowasom. Ancient name for a nobleman, next in dignity to a baron. Vowels. Gur pronunciation of them differs from that of (he rest of Europe. They are all found in the word facetiously: but extended by a late writer to eight. Vulgate. Because intended by Council of Trent, for vulgar use. Only one admitted by RomanistR. Grig, translated frnmthe Greek of the seventy f by whom is not known. VvLOAKi8M8:--Viaur vemon, veminus, verjis, for viz-yere, venom^ venemous, verjuice. 06 MANUAL OF ORTIIOF.PV. W. Waif,^ goods lost and unclaimed : wcif, or weft, wafo "Wainscot,2 lining for rooms. London, winskut. wuno.skut Wales,2 was united to England in 1200. wailz Waltz,2 a dance. From Walzcn, to revolve, waits Wan,^ palo, sickly. Accented as in wanton, won Waped,3 crushed by misery. Now obsolete, wfi-pod Warminster,'^ a town in Wilts. (wnrmister) war-mins-tur Wart,^ a flesh tumor : vulgar, wurt et waut. waurt Wasp,^ an insect : 140 species, {wosp &o whops) wasp Weal,2 mark of a stripe. Corruptly whale, wele Weald,^ a woody part, as the wealds o^ Kent, wealdo Wealth," money, any possessions. (wulth) welili Wealy,3 marked with or in streaks. {whahj) we.lo Weapon,^ an instrument of offence, (wepe-un) wup.pon Weasel,^ an animal : there are 45 species. wo-zul Weechelm,2 a species of elm. Also witchclm. wcotsh-olm Weet,2 to know. Sometimes wcclcn. wool Wex,5 to grow. Corrupt, by Spencer from wax. woks Wheat,2 a pulse. We have 330 varieties. wheto Wherefore,"'' for which reason. Corr. whvffur. whoro-foro JV. A consonant on leading, vowel ending wordfl. Wan (wnz), "If he was [were] ill," Wafer. Which, stampt with a Innih, Catliniics administer as hruad and wine. Wa^on, a team ; from the Saxon wag-on • hence wagiion is iin|iro;)«r. Waistcoat [wes-kut]. Its contracted enunciation is now rcccivi'd as its orthoepy. Wait!. Night music. Because they anciently waited on potentates. Waltz. Originated last century in one of the nortliern villages of Germany. Wandering musicians pay 1«. Orf. n day for an organ plain, and 3.<(. M. with figures. Wardmote. Jts city advertisement costs \Al. Wept, properly weeped. Wars. The late wars cost England a sum equal in amount to 11,400 tons of gold. Wasp. Like the male bee, has no sting Ves|)ertilio, or bat, has 'i5 varieties. Watch. To finish one for the pocket, requires the aid of 150 different hands. Water carriers, 17IU, plied at Aldgatc pump. A water plug is known by small boards attached to houses or walls, with capitals and figures thereon, denoting from whence it comes, and the distance at wirich it may be found. In London less money is paid for wine than water ; which, 1731, in tlie West Indies, sold for Is. per pail. A pint weighs 16 oz. : cubic foot 1000 ounces. Wave: when a verb, improperly spelt waive ; which, correctly, is a woman, for con- tempt of court, deserted by the law. Wave of the sea, or its forn). travels 40 miles an hour. Wealth. The sum total of British wealth has been calculated at :i:)4;t millions. Week-days, were named from the Saxon gods Sun, Moon, Tuisco, Woden, Thor, Friga and Sater. Weeks of the ancient Greeks consisted of 10, & those of the Romans, 8 days. Weight of the heaviest anchor is 00 cwt. Wench, in America, means a black girl. Went. This industrious word comes from the verb wend, to go, now used only by poets. Westminster abbey has internal allegorical symbols of the adepts; their science being much studied by many of its prelates, which, anciently, was considered so sacred, ac fit only for the pure, the learned, and the wise. Which. "Our Father which [who] art in heaven." Also niiscliosen in the liturgy, and Bacrcd writ: is applied to animals and inanimate things, or in asking a question. Wheat. We consume 18,000,000 qunrtcTrs aimually. In ]4<.)4 sold for dd. \wt busliel. Whig. Originated in Scotland about 1080, and wiis then applied to the Presbyterians. yr»AA(/rrtirf»i^ [drawing] room, uttt^nded by ladies and gent, but /rvre by gentlemen only. VuLGARtsMs.-Waah-us, warz, warnt, we-bit, for wasii-liouse, was, waaiiot, Biuall piece. What,4 tl While,7 . Whilom," Whist,a r Whitod.l Whiltlo,a Who,4 a Wholly,' Whom,4 Whoobul Whortlcl Wich,2a Wiery,^ Wino,3 fi Wisp,2 a Wistful,a Woe,2 gr Woman, Wonder, Words,2 While In Whist. B( IVho. Beg into e. Bor middle a;:es ed, occasion cal Library Wholly; Hlioop. A Whitecha^ butcheries « Whiltingi fhip called Wich. W Wiury. Wife ' Will. ' cause Span from their i property. Win. In Wind. It Windmill Window Witchcrc Woe. A 1 Wolf. l)f cles of a nr Womb Wool. U Woolwic tVnrking Worship VuLo'a. MANUAL OF OIITIIOEPIT. 07 .ful What,4 ilmt which: in Amcricii, mnde nan. whut While,' as long as. Also whiles or ichilst. vvilo Whih)m,' formerly, heretofore. Now ohsoloto. wl.il.lum Whist,'* narr.e o'( n. game at cards. Vulgo wlihh. whist Whiled.hrown,'* a coarse paper, {ichitey. brown) whUo.cdhrouit WhittIo,2 a knife, blanket,'} to cut {widui) vi\n\..\x\ Who,4 a relative ; which person. {wo) |,„o Wholly,"'' completely. Corruptly hully. lioio-lo Whom,"* accusative of who. Improperly home, hooin Whoobub,^ a great noise, confusion, {hoo-hub) hnb-bub Whortleberry ,2 a bilberry : imp. huk-ul-ber-e. liwur-tul.bor.o Wich,2a spring or place where salt grows. wiisli Wiery,^ made of wire. Mis-spelt wiry, wire Wino,^ first brought from India by Bacchus. wino Wisp.s a bundle of straw. Mis. written whisp. wisp Wistful,' earnest, attentive. Vulg. wishful, wist.f Woe,2 grief. Mis-spelt »w. Wooj^tosueT wo Woman,2 a female. Plural women (wlmen) woo-mun Wonder,^ to be astonished. Corr. woon-diir. wun.d\iv Words,2 there are 773,092 in thj Bible, (wutls) wurd WAi7c In "to while nway nn Iiour," slionld lio siippliml by wile or whirl. tVAist ncrniisc requiring silmct: To fiuk tlin A in wlirn is vul^'ar. IVho. nesiniiiiij; n word, nnd followed \ty/i,iP liocoineN iiiiito. liOndonorH convPrt It into ». Some writern allow its place to ho usurped by whom, lis Latin, quis, Wiis in llin middle a^es pronounced 'ua, k(r. bad; and its altoiaJDn to finis, quv, quod, as now recuiv- t'd, occnsioni'd con)plaini£: to tliu Parisiiiii I'iirliunienl. An old edition of Dupin's Ifintori- ciil Library, lias toho and w/inm rrji;ctod for witicli. Wkolly ; properly writ toholihj and pronounced Aoltj : toho will is vulgarised whool. Whoop. A shout. Hioop). S'liorti of one n, it forms a vulgar substltule for biut. H'hitechapel. From the color of its cinirdi tower, in an alley of the Higit iStieet, aiiiid butrlicrics and slaughter-bouHCS, lived the celebrated writer Daniel Dcloc. ff-'Ait«iw^«on, "thrice lord mayor of I-ondon," acquired great riches by trading In a ship called 'the Cat,' hence (he origin of ll'hittingtun and his Cat. iVich. VVIience many places take their names; as Sattwich and .Yantieich. H'itry. If signifying mr.t,moi.^t, nrioeariuli, then pronounced like weary, tired. tt'ife " My wive's sister" is vulgar, h'ivr. was (irst sold by apothecaries. Will. " Be that as it will" now may. Wills are called Spanish if witliout effects ; be- cause Spaniards bequeath properly in" the Wei^t Indies to th(?ir heirs, which was taken from their ancestors by Oliver Cromwell. Wills refer to real, but t.rstammts to itcrsonal property. Notk : The Jews kept thirty festivals every year, and but one fast. Win. In names of places, means a battle was fousht, or victory gained there. Wind. Its long sound (us in find) is confined to poets. Travels 15 feet in a becond. Windmill. Invented in Palestine, and brought thence by the knights of Mt. John. Window. Because anciently intended to admit tcinrf into houses. Vulgarly fein-dur. Witchcraft (for) Americans executed many circa 1690: wish they call wisht. Woe, A philological clipper dashes its last letter on his own authority. Wolf. Dogs carried from Europe into New Spain have degeneraloil to wolves. Mus- clen of a man's jaws exert a force of 4;)4 lbs. those of a wolf nearly double the amount. Womb. The b is not only mnte, but lengthens the word, as in climb and comb. Wool. (A pound of) lias been spun to the length of forty- eight miles. Woolwich marshes are but 3 feet above the level of the sea ; and Greenwich 3^. Working day. Vulg. workday. Wisely, manly. North Britons, make wiscliku, manlike. Worship is used as a noun and v«irb ; meaning worthsliip : doing that which ts good. VuLo'a. Wurrit (.wonyj. "He wurrits" (worries). Boomun [woman], low Loudonioni. O i mmmtmit ^ 08 MANUAL OP onnioEi'v. Worst,"' most wicked. Viiln;. wusl and ini.9. wurflt Worsted,- a small town in Norfollc. (//■ofM/zV/) wurH-Htcil Woiild,^ prot. of to will. Conitnoiily winl. wood Wound.'-^a hurt. Barl)aroiis|y ns funnif, woond Wrath,'-* anger, rajifo, fury. Corr. called lur'/i. rawth WrcaU,^ to revenge, execute. (i'a/t(')rnkn WreckjS to destroy, ruin. Vulgarly rale, rok X. Xcnophon,o a Grecian General. (cks-rn-n.fun)zvn.o.fiin Xercs,3 in Andalusia, famous for its wine. slu'r-ris Xtmas,^ first kept under Em. Commodiis, 200. kriH.inus Y. Yacht,2 a small one-deck ship, (ynut and yat) yoi Yankoos,** a warlike Indian tribe, America. yank-ooz Yard,3 measure of three feet ; settled by Henry the First, from the length of liis own arm. yardo Yclad,3 clothed, adorned, covered. o.klad Yeoman,^ a farmer : in 1520 yongmen* (yum-nn) yo-mun Yes,' comes ex. ay-es, & means enjoy thai (yis) yez, or yes Worsted. In this plfinsanttowii, n wnnllcii manufactory for knitting and weaving stock- inK8, thence called wnrntnl, was firnl estahllslicd. Worthy. Is now happily employed In all piii|i()ses of irony and legitimate satire. Wrapt in linen clollis — in prav(! clotlis: usually an clothes [klozi-], properly klotha. Wreck. What is cast asliore from shipwreck hccomcw the kinn'n ; hut if any tiling liv- ing escape, it reverts to tiie owners, if claiiued wiiliin a year. Frequently inischoiien ; ai "I will wreck (wreak) my vcnijcnuce upon liim." Writ. "Our trusty and wi'll heliivcd cousin," in the king's writ (o a peer of the rank of earl, b:>gan wiili Henry the Fourth, who, hiMUK hluiMcIf allied to all the carls in the kinndoin, politically ackriowli'dgud it in his piihllc acts. Write. The F.mperor Jiistinus, uiuihle to writr, passed a pen through the letters /. V. S. T., cut for the pur|)os(', and so aiiixed liis .^i'liiature. Charlcmngne, not succeeding in his attempts to learn writing, si<,'nt^d with a monoirram. The most ancient species of wril- inp was that of cuttintion stone, as the law on Mount ^^inni. Writing, in China, is pcrl'ormeil wiili a hrush, instind of a pen ; using Indian ink. Tliey practised priming from woiideil blocks more than IlthO yenrs u^'o. Wrote. I!i|)pocratcs, who lived 400 years H. C. was tlie (irsl wlio wrote on anatomy. JCeres; hence sherry, is pro|)eily slierris wliio. Xherrins no Englisii word. Y is a con- BOnanton beginning, hut a vowel if endiu" words, tt'ill-tlonr, properly well executed. Xtmas-boxes; in ancisut times, moin^ begged in aid of masses for apprentices. Yacht. Is derived from the Dutch. Properly not exceeding 100 tons burden. Yankoos. The last tribe con()uered by the Americans, wliieli name, as customary, be- ing conferred on the conquerors, was soon corrupted into yavkee : iiencc its origin. Year. We began ours December 25th, till the conipieror'a time ; afterwards clinnged to March ^th, in the civil and ecclesiastical courts, but now on January 1st. New-year'a gifts originated with Tatius, kijig of llie Sabines, regnanl with llomulus. Yeomen. [*same as esq.]. Also 100 men on,°and 70 olf duty, called yeomen of the guard, whose dress resembles that of Henry Vlll's time. Htationed, on solemn festivals, next tl)e Buftets, they were thence jocularly termed Oujfetiera, now corrupted into beef-eaters. O y^; is the signification of A o.' Wunst for once, prevails in Pennsylvania : as also mout, orten, gvvine, ouch, brenth, in N.England, formiKht,ouglit, not, going, oh, breadttt. VcLOARisMs : — Hull, hum, furnent/, &deritcs, for wliole, home, opposite, k. directly, are Americanisms. Winurd[windwiird], rop [wrap], ropper [wrapper], I wutnot |I wot not]. Yoke [yelk of an egg], and widder [widow]. Yarnun is a low cockney ism upon earning, and barbarism on yearning. W\ .um'i MANUAL OF OUTlIOi;i»Y. 90 Yestjo tlio ll(»\vcr of malt li(|iior. :ow,o u liuniy ( iycaste) vest roc, on,-* within view. l'\>rtncrly M|>««lt eiif^/i. yon Also ijDud (>r i/iniilvr. you Yonder,-' ut u distance. narl)an)usly i/undur. yun.dur Ypres,'-' a strong town in Flanders. c.pra (zen-utJi) zCnith zof.fur Z. Zenith,^ a point over head Zephyr,'"^ fhe name of u soft west wind Zinziber," old term ior /,'//j^rr. Obsolete, zin-zo-bur Ycwfv. Our vriiis, of old, ciiiii'il in iIi'ih \miv, hh wc, v, thru, luvrn. i'liunff. yiiHV/r Wdlllilll IliilitlJ iiiiirs III' IU!i' i'lii! ultMiiiility of employing two tnriiiH, whii'li, Hrpiiriili'ly, imply ilir hiinii' iliiiifr. in (•(!•< no toimiioiil. Young of au do- plinnt in 3 I'crt liiuli wlwii Imm, ':iow.-' I'm- !.'(l jcais, iiimI livfM I'JO iuun, Toil [tally in lili]. !^i)Iim' pi [i/rir-iir]. Ila.-i also an iiiui.' eaci le obijolute. -.,.., L.v " "'I- ■■•'•' !■■■'•> iiii "ii'i.r t'liuiiciaiiiiii oly»;'. l'(»rA- (ill New] .Aiiiciicn, I liavo si'i'ii wiIMidiiikI l)ot)l;('ii wlicn tlii'ie In another vowi;! In the same sylliible, iiH koy, lioyrt, dclny. dclayn. Notwiilisiamliiig \\ u writu iiionlcB, ultornics, clilm- iiif'8, inotikii »i, JoiirnicH, vailiis, i^:c. y'ulc collrgr, 70 iiiili'H friini A'tw V'ork, ranks, in Aniorlca, tliPsamo ns Oxford does liere. Ytnt. Cotnnionly t-pf'lt i/iw^t ; vr.l;;arly lallcd muf., ainl liy cockiK-ys i/hl. '/. is seen in very (Vw I'IiiuIImIi woiiI:'. It has but two snuiids. Coinnionly iziard, but faHliioiiiibly zrd. in Itcn Joliii-^mrs iiiiki It was pionnuncrd In short words like s, which tlicrclii wiisi'liangc'd into :. /, and K art also called siliilantH, or iiisiiiii(j letters. ''.palnvs [zilu.i]. A few old writers invariably \i\\k it ii loiiir sound. /.iinibir. Ili^nce z was (ineiently a {jroccr's sifiii, (li'iiotin;,' lliai lie suld gini;er. LoNtvoNisM : — Yit, yi.-limle, and yiiiidcr, for yet, yesterday, nnd yonder. Note : learn- ed, applied, ill the lion^e, to n I'eeror M. I'., means ilint lie in of tlio le|!!il profession. Yet from Man to (.'et, lieiice properly (.'et ; ancient /r is modernised y. Ago wus roriaeilir wrUteii ygo. Ami Fruni in llie Aiiglu-Huxua oiigiual ut'froia. CONCLUSION. It will be clear probably to the reader, on his examina' "on of " The Manual," that many prominent words have been left ont; whilst the place of divers others, in his estimation, would have been much better filled up by those that he could recommend. I am not going to dispute these points with him, but only request that he would refresh his me- mory with the following,' anecdote: — "A certain Caliph of the Sara- cens, designing, on a set day, to please all ihe good people of Bagdad, ordered an immense conservatory, stored with rich viands, to be thrown open for their use. To this the Bagdadians repaired in crowds; and being more attentive to what they got tiian the manner of getting it, one half fared sumptuously, whilst the other half either became mere spectators, or partook only of the scraps. The latter, therefore, were much offended; and the former, falling sick on the morrow, equally displeased. Thus the Caliph of the Saracens, in his vain attempts to please every man, not only failed in those attempts, but incurred a very heavy expense to no purpose, and innocently drew upon himself the ill-will of all Bagdad. ADDENDA or FOREIGN WORDS AND PIIRASRS. TRANSLATED, THAT OCCUR IN GENEnAr. AND MISl'ErXANKOUS KRAUINQ. Afurtioro, >Vith stronger reason. A la mode, In the fashion. A posteriori, From a later reason. A priori, From a prior reason. A propoa, To the purpose. Ab initio. From the beginning. Absque Deo nihil possumus, Without God we can do nothing. Ad arbitrium. At pleasure. Ad captandum, To attract. Ad .wminem. To the man. Ad .nfinitum. To endless extent. Ad interim. In the mean time. Ad libitum. At pleasure. Ad referendum. For consideration. Ad valorem. According to value. j4doer«i« m«;or, Superior to adversity Aid.de-camp, Assistant to a Goncrul. Alias, Otherwise. Alibi, Elsewhere. Allons, Lot us go. Alma mater. University. Amende, Apology. Amensa et thoro, from bed and board. Amor patrim. Love of country. Anglice^ In an English manner. Anno Domini, The year of our Lord. Anno Mundi, The year of the world. Anno Urbia conditcc A. U. C), In the year after the building of the city (Rome). Ante Christum, Before Christ. Ante merediem. Before noon. • Arcanum, A secret: plu. Arcana. Argumentum ad hominem, Personal argument. Argumentum baculinum, Argument of blows. Arondissement, Rounding, district. Artistes, Executives of tlie arts. Au hon droit. To the best r-^ .1. AuLerge, An inn, village inn. Audi altprim partem, Hear the other Au fait. At home. [side. Auto da fi. Act of faith. Auxilium ab alto. Help from aboTC. Avalanche, A snow slip. Bai^ntrlle, A trifle. BaUette, A danre. Banco Regis, In t!ie King's Bench. Beau ideal. Fine fancy, imaginary. Bean monde. People of fashion. Belle, A woman of fashion. Belles leltres. Polite literature. Bijuii, Pleasing trifle. ^ Billet-doux, Love-letter. Bivouac, A strong watch. Bonne houchc. Delectable morsel. Bona fide. In reality. Bon-mot, A piece of wit. Bon vivant, A high liver. Bon ton. Fashion. Bonus, A premium Boudoir, A small private apnrtment. Bourgeois, A low townsman. Bulletin, An ofllcliil report. Cabinet de lecteur, A reading-room. Cacoethes scrihendi. Passion for writing. Cacoethes, An evil custom. Cttteris paribus. Other things alike. Cafe, Cofibe, a coffoo-houso. Cantatrice, A female singer. Canton, A district, part of a town. Cap a pie. From head to foot. C'iput viorluum. Dead matter. Carp hlanche. Unconditional terms. Cartti, A conveyance for prisoners. Cede Deo, Submit to Providence. Charbonnier, A collier. Charge d'affaires, A manager. Chateau, Country seat. Chefd 'aiuvre, >laBterpioce. Chcvaux-defiise, A military fence. Ci.devant, Formerly. Cognoscenti, The literary, &c. Comme il faut. As it should be. Compos mentis. In one's scuses. Con onore. Gladly. Cnrigi, Bow, dismission. Conge d'dirc, Permission to choose. rORKfUN rHR.\S£S. 101 I ID, Bench, jjinary. un. ro. )rsel. remium rtinent. I. g-room. jn for fH alike. town. 't. I terms, soiicrs. 3I1C0. er. fence. bo. les. hoose. Contra hnnos mores, Ajfainst good niaiinur!:!. Ci-nrersfiziona, Literary chit-ohiit. Cordon fianitaire, A lino ofiioultli. Corps d'armiie. An armed force. Cortt'.ge, Largo rotinue, attendants. Coterie, A club, select society. Coup d'eiisiti, Finished tnnilifo. Coup dp pracr, Fininhing stroke. Coup de main. Sudden enterprise. Coup d^icil, View, or glance. Coupon, A dividend. Crasis, Contraction. Crcdat Judaius, A Jew may believe it (but I will not). Cum mullis nliia. With many others. Cusios rotulorum, Keeper of the re- cords. Danseuses, Opera dancers. Dr.tn, Points settled. J)e /acto, In fact. J3c_;Mre, By right. D<:but, First appearance. Dihutante, A beginner. Decrevi, I have resolved. •" Degage, Gracefully negligent. Dei gralin, By the grace of God. Dejuiii, A breakfast. Dele, Expunge- Denouement, Winding up. Deo adjuvante, God being my aid. Deo duce, God being my aid. Depot, Store, or mag^izine. Dernier ressort, liast resort. Desideratum, A thing wanted. Desunt ctetera. The rest is wanting. Deua nobiscum, God with us. Dictum, Authority. {Vlu. dicta.) Dieu avec nous, God with us. Dieu et mon droit, God and my right. Divertissement, An entertainment. Domine, dirige vos, O Lord, direct Donne de Dieu, Given of God. [us. Double, Deputy or counterpart. Double entendre. Twofold meaning. Douceur, Present or bribe, [sented. Dramatis persona;, Persons ropre- Dum spiro, spero, Whilst I breathe, I hope. Dum vivimus, vivamua. Whilst we live, let us live. Durante placito, During pleasure. Durnnta vitd, During life. ricce homo. Behold tbi; man. EcUiirciasement, Explanation. lichit, S|)l(»n 1 THE END. ■juili