IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) // %^ /.> ^is 7j 1.0 I.I f IlM us IM 2.2 1^ III 2.0 1.8 1 1-25 1.4 1,6 •* 6" ► v^ yl.l The Montreal, Ottawa and Georgian Bay Na^gstion. RBPORT — ON THE- SUMMIT SECTION Lake Nipissing to Talon Lake. —BY- HENRY A. F. MACLEOD, M. INST. C.E. OTTAWA r PBHrrBO BY Jakib Hopk it Sons. 1600 Ottawa, I'-Stli October, IS'Ji). Montreal, Othtica th October. The other party, undt^r Mr. H. (J. Stanton, began on the .Sth of .Vugust, at thioutlet of Turtle Lake atul made the surveys, etc., to dee|» water in Talon Lake, a distance of .'>.73 miles besides explorations, finishing on the 7^h of October. The nature of the survey, and the information re(|Uired to be ascertained by your instructions, were such as would enable eon- tractors to make up tenders for the construction of the works, and you particularly re(|uired tiiat the nature of the material to be excavated should be a.xcertaincd by borings made at as frecjuent intervals as necessary for the purpose. This involved location, as well as trial surveys. The survey, suggested l)y ^\v. Shanly's memorandum, was of a more preliminary character, and a ."system of borings was not anticipated. His proposal, on which these surveys ju.st made are based, is, to obtain the supply of "feed water" for the proposed canal, Ea.stward from the sununit, from the water of Lake Nipissing, whose natural outlet is westward, through the French River to the Georgian Bay, liake Huron. The actual sunnnit-water of the r«»ute is Trout Lake, 23 feet liigher and four miles to the East of Lake Nipissing, and one of the sources of the Mattawa River, but Mr. Shanly says that its outflow is wholly inadecjuate to the reiiuirements of the contem- plated navigation, and this statement is doubtless correct. .J Tlif .liMiijitMl cunflitiniis (.f iilTiiiis nn the shores of I-iikc Nil>- i-hii." th.' I.uil.lin- nf tl..' C. I', lliiilwiiv. aiul tlir -ttlr iit> ■il..iiu'tlic inar-iii "f the lake ivf.ii.Ml (.. in tli.- nifiii..iaMet, 1 luli.'V.C that the water- niii:ht h.- niaintaii'c.l at mean summer level, three i'eet ah.iv«' h'W water, t(. the advauta-e of all eoneerned, ..n tlie shores of the lake. th. inipr..\ .10.11! ..f th.' navii.'ati..n ..! the lake, and the ell'e.tiii!: ..f a very h\v .any .mt Mr. Shanly's iii- tenti.in <.f ii.it interfering in any way with the variations of th.' water lev.l > f.ilhiws : — Ut. (■ .ttiii- thr.iUL'h th.' Suiumit I'i.l.L'e. Nipissiii}.' hi Trout l.ak.'. •Jli.l. The .Uttiuji awav .if >ueh ..lotruetioli t.i the liee(led depth of iiaviuati'in. a> may h.' f..uiid t.i .'xist in Tr.nit and Turtle Lakes. ord. Cuttiii).; thr.iu-h th.' mrky liarri.-r. whi.'h furms the Turth' Kajii.ls. diviilini; Turtl(> Lake fr.'iii Lake Tal.m. •'The surveys will thu- .'Xtind liver a .lislaiiee of ah.iut 1\ miles."' •• In estiiiiaiiii'.: iiuaiititi.s. tln' f.illnwinii .limensi.ms to he used '■ : — l'..)tt.im wi.lth .if ("anal 1f the pr.ihahle materials to he exeavated. and su^irests the nuites, via the "Little Vase 3 Hivt'r" and also via tlic •' Ojihwaysippi " as tin' most suitaMc. After siirvcyiiifi and <'X|)lorin^' these routes, and two other routes further West, that via ()jil)\vaysi|»|)i, except the first niilo from Lake Nipissinji, was selected as the most favourahle. The Ojih- waysippi was also selected Ity Mr. T. ('. (Marke, as mentioned in his report of the 2nd January, 1M(1(I, pa^^e 21. Mr. Shanly su^f»iests, that all Hcncli >rarks, of forty years ajjo, have of course disappiiared, or been obliterated, l)Ut with the; as- sistsiMce of our. of Mr. Shanly's catnp i)lans a Hench Mark was diseovt'red by Mr. (!arre, on the shore (»f Trout fiake. which en- abled him to apply all tlie soundin<,'s marked on the plan to his own work. The scale of iiavi^'ation. proitoscd in the mtMnorandum, is nine feet on the lock sills, at lowest sta^e of Nipissin^ water, and canal bottom two feet lower. Surveys and borinj^s were made in com|>lian((' with this scale ('•• feet) until th(> I'.tth of Au^Mist, wiien y(»u instriictetl me to make th(.' borin^^s, etc.. for 11 feet on the sill and canal bottom two feet lower, or Kl feet. This chanf^c! made it necessary to bore a considerable part of the line over again, on aceomit of the increased depth. The width of 100 feet for the l>otttim of the canal has been adhered to in the estimates. The sl(»pes in I'ock are estimated at } to 1, except in places where tlu; surface of the rock is below the new water level, where the slopes are to be 1 to 1. .\ bcrm of (i feet is made on the surface Of the rock. Earth and otlu'r materials, exie[>t rock, air i'.-ake Nipissing receives from its many tribu- taries is ample to guarantee a suHiciency for whatever (Irafts may be made upon it, for any possible puri)oses of lockage in the most distant future. Mr. Chirke, in his report above quoted, page 23, says that, "TIk." waters of I.akc NipisHiiij: an; sunicicnl for any scale of iiav- ijfation, and for all time to cnine." "Tlif (|tiantily i»f water fttiind, liy careful ^aiajzinji, to l)e lluw- ing in Freneli River, at a low stajze. was !),.')(HJ eul)ie feet per hw- end, (a- S2(),S()( ),()()() culiie fett in 21 hours. AsHuniiny; the locks to he 'JoO' X .')()' X 12', and that ■'»() li»(kaut. Surveys and horings were made iur Ihe entrance at Rocky I'oint, and at the month of Ojihwaysippi, and also of hoth lines Xo the iunctioii. The Ixocky I'oint line is .-elected, heeause deep watel' in r^ake Nipissing is reached in a shorter distance, the distance to the junc- tion is also shorter hy U(l() feet. There is no rock excavation in this entranci', while there is a eonsiderahle amount in the Ojih- waysippi entrance, and the ([uantity "'f I'oek excavation in the Rocky Point line is less than in the other. ll is proposed to dredge out the entrance to a width of MK) feet. The length to dceii water ( KJ feet at low water ) is l.SoO feet. Entrance piers (»r crih-work will nearly surround this hasin, founded on the hottom of the space The roiuls at stations 7i> + ')(). and -lalinn IM. an proposed to !)(• diverted to a swiii^ hridae, dose to the lock, near station KM). Kroin station t)s to station ll'J in Lake No. 1. i> a heavy rock euttinj.'. in some places exeeedinL' U> fid in depth. In this cuttinji it is proposed to huilil a jruard lock ae.d a reg- idatin;; weir, with two sets of jrates and sluices, so as to he ahhi to control the hi^ih water in l.ake Nipissin^ and Trout Lake respect'- ivel.v. It is <|uite likely that t!ie waters in Trout Lake and the other lakes to the Kast will rise more rapidly than l,ak»' Ni|»issin;i, in the sprinj;. This l(»ck is intended to lie uf Ihe same <>eiieral dimensions as those on the Soulan;j;e ("an.il. viz: l.n-ith, L'TO feet hetween the hollow (juoins. 4') feet wide, and M feet i.n the mitre sills. The walls to he of concrete to the IJ feet line, ahove this, concrete with inasoiu-y facinji, and eopin>i of masonry, entrance [)iers of eril)- work and concrete, at each end are included. The rejiulatint' weir, of concrete, with masonry ropim;. Lake No. 1 is the lii'sl of ;i ehiiin of o lakes, which f(dlow one another, with short inter\-enini,f poitaiics. initil Trout Lake is reached, at station 212. Of this lake, No. 1, ahout o(K) feet of the hottom is helow the proposed hottoni of the canal. The cuttini^s aj)proaching this, where shallow, arc widined to a liaseof l."»()feet. In horings made in thi.- lake, and in a lai'ge prctiiortion of horings to the East of this, matcjial. composed of compact gravel and Itoulders was encountered, through which it was impossihie to hore with till' appliances we had on haml. particidarly so when making horings from rafts. The serviies of Mr. W. .1." Ellard, (»f Ottawa, who is accustomed to making li(.riuL:s, were secured, and a large numhcr of horings wer«' made hy iiim. hut he als(» failed to penetrate this materiiil. It has heen returneil as gravel and houlders, at a special price. The cutting hetween Lakes No. 1 and •_' is heavy, over 40 feet deep in some places. No portion of the hott(»m of Lakes 2, 3 and 4 is helow the hottoni of the canal, and the cuitiugs hctwci'u them are heavy, exceeding 4(1 feet in depth in places. The portage hetween Lakes 4 and •'• is the summit i)ortage, 1500 feet long. This will be a heavy cutting, a large part will he rock, and over 40 feet deep in ]ilaces. Hock appears on eaeh side of the ravine, so that the slopes are not so wide as they would otherwise he on the reiniiindcr of the cutting. The material is put down as gravel and houldern, below the line of the borings made. The bottom (►f Lake No. 5 is generally above the projKised bottom of the canal, (»nly in a few places and for short distances is the bottom lower. The shallow cutting-s in this lake are wiih-n- ed out to 150 feet, on a curve in the centre line. The last portage cutting to decj) water in Trout Lake will be 2,.')(K) feet long, and, generally, '12 feet deep. The greati'r part is put down as roek, and it is the largest rock ci't on the \\'estern portion of the section. nee|t water in Tmiit Lake is reai'hed at 1100 feet from the shore. ClEAUIN(!, FENCIN(i, .\N1) i'l'IU-IC KoAI». An estimate is made for clearing and fencing on the part of the line from Lake Nipissing to Trout Lake. Also for a public roaarly o^, miles, which showed a de[)tli of from 70 to oxer loO feet, or when the lake is reduced to low water level in Lake Nipissing, of from 46' to 125'. For over two miles no bottom was reached with 150 feet of sound- ing line. The outlines of the shores W(!re ajijjroximately fixed, by triangulation and micrometer measurements. From stations 514 to 581 the bottom of the lake rises al)ove the bottom of the canal, except to the Eastern end of this cutting, where the bottom is irregular. The excavation ranges from 10 to 20 feet deep. The material in this, and other cuttings under the waters of 'front Lake, are returned as gravel and boulders. For the next 4,000 feet tlie water is deep, being 20 to 40 feet below low water level in I.,ake Nipissing. • AnotluT !-lniiil i.i rcaclii'd nt stiilinii .')7(>. wliicli ixtciids \n Htatitiii (»rJ. This will lie a lin>.M' ( uttin^r, fnnn lo' to .'lO' diM'p, ami iiicliKlcs tlu' shujil known iis tlu- " St(|»|iin).' Sttdici,"' wliidi wore some fret ahovi- water wht-ii tln'^r soinHliiijj!.'- witc made. Tlir lakr i>. thin d. •.•].. Iinm 1(5 to .".(I IVrt, for "J.^IM) feet, anest ali;:niiient. The L'ravel and Ixnddcr cutting will raii^e from 10 to '10 fe(>t deep, and the rock cuttinji from '>0 to iiO tVct. the dce|iest cut on the section, IKM) feet Ion;:. Ti i.'ii.i l-AKi:. The water continues diep for ;'i,(iOO feel from the outlet cut- ting' of Trout Lake, hein^r liom 17 to •_'.'» feet ImIuw low water in Lake Nipissin;:. From station (iOs to station 711> the water is shoal, and a ent- tinji will have to Ite ma0 feet deep. Froui station 7-''>l to 7');' the water is >lioal, except at two l)laces, a^r^rciratint: 'lOtl feet where it is deeper than the hottoin of the canal ; the depth of the cuttini: is fmni ■"» to IS U'v\. l''r(nn station 7o;! to 7"»'* the line pas-o throUL^h the sccoml narrows of Turtle Lake, and will he in rnck cuttiui:, lan.LMn;^ from ') to .')0 feet dec]). The water continues shoal from station 759 to 7fi-^. and the cutting will run from .'> to KJ feet in gravel , troni IH to 90 feet under low water level in Lake Nipissing. The Western iiortion ol' the Survey t-nds at S25 + oO, lo-9.S miles from the entrance at Lake Nipissinp. Trirri.i: Laki: Optikt. The excavation for the outlet of Turtle Lake commences at 850 feet out from the shore, and follows through a succession of rapids and lagoons imtil Big M'hite Fish I^ake is reached. The first division of the cutting extends from station to 18, and is composed, as far as can Ix^ ascertained, of gravel and Intulders. The depth of cutting ranges from 20 to 40 feet. A tind)er dam has i»een huilt at the outlet of Turtle Lake, by which the waters in Trout and Turtle Lakes are sometimes raised five or more feet. From station 18 to station .".() the cutting is made up of rock, gravel and boulders, and nuid. The (lejUh runs from 2-") to 30ft. From station oO to station S8 is a very large cutting of rock, covered with a few feet of mud, passing through ^hK)se Pond Lagoon. The rock cutting is the largest on the Summit Section, is a mile long and from 20 to .'ts feet deep. Two outlets of this lagO(»n were surveyed and the more South- erly one is selected, being al)out SOO feet shorter, with a much better alignment than the otbei-. Judging from the elevations, the (piantities will also be less. The water is (lee|) in r>ig Wbitetish Lake, for 2,100 feet, the bottom being in part -U feet under low water. Lake Ni|)issing. The outlet cutting of this lake begins at section 104. and there is a continuous cutting of gravel and boulders, and nmd tt> deep water in Falon Lake, at station 124, ranging from to 20 feet deei». Falon Lake is deeper than the liottoni of the canal for ISOO feet, the greatest depth being 11 feet lower. At station 142 the outlet cutting of Falon Lake begins, and there is a continuous cutting of earth and sand till deep water is reached in Talon Lake, and the envel llat. 9 formed by deposit from North River, which comes in fntm the North. The depth of the cutting is from 5 to 20 foet. The waters of North River should not be permitted to enter the canal cutting, but should be diverted along the North edge of the flat, through an old channel, costing with some crib-work, about 84,r)0O.fK). Tai.on Kakk. The level of Talon Lake, when the survey was made was only one foot three inches lower than low water in Lake Nipissing. caused by a timber dam at Talon Chute. This dam, when en- tirely closed, raises the water over five feet higher. It will be unnecessary to raise these v.aters as high as it has been customary to raise them for some years back. A line of soundings was taken through Lake Talon, and dee[) water was found for H miles. Beyond this, there are two shoals, a mile apart. At the lowest shoal, which is narrow and rocky and half a mile above Talon Chute, a dam, lock, and guard lock, should be built, to control the summit level, from Lake Nipissing Eastward. Stonk Protection. The slopes of the Canal will reciuire to be protected with stone from Lake Nipissing to station 100, and from Falon Lake to Talon Lake. It is intended to excavate and fill the whole length of the slopes, with two feet of quarry stone. It is not considered neces- sary to protect the slopes in the gravel and boulder cuttings. Low Watkr in Lakk Nipissino. The Department of Public Works is building a wharf at North Bay, the plans of which refer to a Bench Mark, which is 8.73 feet above low water in Lake Nipissing, and which was verified by one of the contractors for the wharf last spring. The contractors ar^ instructed bv the Department Engineers to make use of this Bench Mark. Low water mark was shown to me, also, at the mouth of th(^ W'isawasa River, near Callendar, by Mr. Thomas Darling, agent for Mr. Booth, who has lived there for a number of years. By taking simultaneous observations there, and at North Bay, this level of low water was found to l)e almost the same as that at North Bav. 10 Independent cheek levels were taken by both i){irties from the \ivuvh Mark to Trout Lake, and the levels were carried across Trout Lake and Turtle Lake by a series of simultaneous observa- tions. From Turtle Lake to talon Lake, levels were taken on the hanks of the rapids and lakes. I'LANS, Etc. The plans, profiles, and cross sections show the positions of the various cuttings and their extent, also the alignment of the centre line. To avoid heavy work, curves of 478 feet radius have been used in a few confined places. Cost. The estimated eost of the section is $5,U.jO,000.0(J, which in- cludes 1.") per cent, for engineering, contingencies, etc. Api'KNDIx a is a seiicdule of quantities of the various cut- tings in the Western portion of the Sumiuit section. ,\pi'E.\i>ix B is a schedule of (piantities of the Eastern ])()rtion. ArrK.N'Dix C is an estimate in detail of (|uantities and cost in the Suniniit section. Should the bottom of the canal be raised ?> feet, to the aver- a'^e sumiiHM- level, it would effect a saving of about SToO.OOO.OO. I am. yours truly, (Signed) IIKNRV A. F. MACLEOD, M. Lu^f. C.E. 11 APPENDIX A. Western Portion of Summit Section. Lake Nipissing to Turtle Lake Outlet, 15.98 uiilfs. SCHEDILE OF QUANTITIES. F'lrtli ''favel and l{,,»'k From Station to Statidii, /',',' v,r. Hoiildfis. r',.^'v,i^. * "-^ •'•'■• Vu. Yds*. ' "• ^"^• Kockv Pt. Harbor, + 00 to i8 West L>()0,S7() ^ Station + 00 to 40 440,00( ) 40 to 99 + 7.') (;97.S.")(I 1,:^.98,720 Station 0+00 to 40 m),000 " 40 to 1)7 t)S,4s.-) " 97 to 115 17S,S71 " 99 + 75 to 115 17,(K)0 2-J,4i;; << 115 to 140 7(),0(10 s,9l>(; i.V2.9;5C, «' 140 to 154 + ;!5. S(;,s;]0 44,501 ()1,050 " 154 + 35 to 180 129,S72 213.219 38,209 *« 180 to 200 +75 09.38S 1()3,071 131,057 " 2(X) + 75 to 223 + 70. 3,8G(1 50,221 204,215 382,95() 502,411 '.I00.S2:; TKoir Laki:. Station 514 + 27 to 531 + 35.. S().727 " 570 + ()()to()12 + 00.. 485,840 " ()37 + (K)to()()2 + 00.. 120,42() " ().53 + 70 to ()r)2 + 00.. , the aiviflc) S5.S12 (>92,99;; S5,S12 TriiTI.K L.\KE. Station (;9S + 00 to 719 + .50.. 1(;7.-"!91 " 719 + 50 to 731 + .•)() .. 102. ss.-, " 732 + 00 to 752 + 50.. ;;8,4()0 '* 753 + OOto 758 + 50.. 44,915 '* 759 + 00 to 763 + 00.. 18,8(51 224,f;55 147,SOO Total Rock 1,134,435 " (Iravel and IJoulders 1,420,059 " Earth l,781,()7(i (Signedj HENRY CARRE. (Signed) HENRY A. l\ MACLEOD, 12 APPENDIX P.. Eastiiirx Portion of Summit Section. Trirri-F. Lakk Oitlht to Talon Lake, 3.78 Miles. SCIIEDI'LE OF Ql'ANTlTIKS. 1. .1 ( iravi'l aiul ,, . ,, ^,^ . , ,,.. .• I'.artli. ,, ,1 liock. I'roni StiitKHi to Matimi. /,,, vj ■ Jxitudcrs ., -.-i^ 111. '»(l>. (•„. va^. ^ii.^<»^- . 00 to 11) + oo ;!Oi,7or) 19 + To to MO + ^1.' 91,898 Ki + 98 to 28 + 04 ••'.4.770 1() + 9S to ;iO + 42 .")(;, S21 :>,() + 42 to s;} + 05 s9,71") 80 4- 42 to S2 + 04 r,r,8,924 104 + 52 to 109 + .S2 10,81 1 22,261 109 4- 82 to lis + 67 54,445 ll.s + 07 to 121 +71 2,(;S0 ().808 121 + 71 to 124 + 05 . 1,789 i(;!,2(i(; 142 + 48 to 171 + S5 19(),;{0l 171 + 85 to 177 + 85 47,409 177 + 85 to 197 + 20 S5.878. :;2;!,5s;; Total Kock 59S,(;94 '• (lniVL4 and I'xmldevs .... 47(),(il2 '• Earth ISI.849 (Signc.l) 11. G. STANTON. (SijiiHMl) IIENHV A. F. MACLEOD. i:) APPENDIX ( Summit Section. K8TBJATK OF QUANTITIES AND COST. Right of Wav, 70 ai-res Clearing (>0 m-vos at S20.0() Fencing ')'2,40() feet at (ic Public Road, 4 miles at *(),CK)() ExCA\ATION. i,;;us,7l'0c. vcLs. n23,5S8 '' . Dredging, West . . . . Ea.st.... 1,722,.",0;5 - at l.")c.. p]arth, \\'est .S82, !).")(; c. yds East l()l,2