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There needs no ghoft, my Lord, come from the grave, | To tell us this. Shakespeare* *" k The SECOND EDITION, Correaed; " ^i^ And fome Omiffions fupplied. LONDON: Printed for S. Hooper, at Caefar's Head, Corncrf K of the New Church, Strand. 1759. ■i't^ %. ./■ .»' ■' tt- r I h i*i* ^-.1 i^-i It ' i^ Ir 1 . ► t l# b'.o.. IM- I > *k I y.u ' • < •^ ' " m fc'iii t ■**i «.«■ LETTER, m. 1 J YOUR obligations to me. Sir, are not to ceafc with my life. They continue even beyond the grave : in the filence of which I could not refl, if I was not indulged the liberty of acquainting you of my being your zealous apo*^ logift in the (hades. But do not attribute this entirely to the conftancy of my ffcgard for you, of which I left you fo folemn and eiTential a mark. It may be partly accounted for by an old Woman's tenacioufnefs of her opinion. It wCJuld hurt my vanity too much to give it up. And how many men in the world are there not in this refpcd rank old women ? At In vain, therefore, have certain periuried fpi* ricss who arc lately defcended to thefe regions, A a cndea- ;• / ■ '■ v'4.,. I; ''.I < >■- If*- [ 4 ] endeavoured to alter my fentiments of you : I am determined to flick to them, or at lead ap- pear to ftick to them. Alive, I was never known to give up a point right or wrong; dead, I have not changed charafter. After all, I fhould not care to pafs for having totally thrown away my efteem and my liberality upon you, and confequently, either for having been mife- rably impofed upon, or for having been gover- ned rather by whim than judgment ; which, however, between you and me, was, I am afraid, too often the cafe. t* f: ,..»::,. J But as fond as I am of taking you to be one of the greateft men in any age or nation, for one of the moft difinterefted reprefentatives of your country that ever graced the legends of mo- dern patriotifm, as well as for the moft confum- mate ftatefman that ever took the reins of go- vernment in hand ; forry I am to fay it, I do not find fo many, as I could wifli, of my coun- try-men here, to concur with me in that opinion. My Lord-Duke, who is not abfolutely puri-' Tied from his love of money, fneers me intole- ■ . rably ^, '■r---- '■•.f ,1 ^> [ 5 ] rably for the fum I left away from his family, CD no other conlideration, or better fecurity than the mod fufplclous word and profefTions of a modern patriot. „ ^ ._ , I \ ^ 0^ ' Lord Or—f—d fcconds him, with a coarfe fa- miliar laugh, in his old way, and fwears by all the powers of felf-intereft, that you have given him no occafion to repent the notions he ever had of political prudery ; for that he never in his hfe heard a fpouter of high heroics, or a boafler of patriotifm, but that he was fure of him, on coming up to his price. The good Lord 7*—^ — / tells me too I Ihall have an admirable plea, in equity, to redemand, on your arrival here, the fum bequeathed you, an^ that there is no doubt of my recovering. I, All this, you may be fure, was not over plea- fing to me. But though, as 1 told you before, I never give up any thing, 1 was provoked to examine into the truth of things; and how to come at it, was not long a queftion with me. There If ,1 il 'A I H It ' I %■ •. IT- t ■ ^ . p.* There were enough of our country daily ar- riving here, fome of whom were not fo grate- fully fenfible as they ought to have been, of the propriety with which they were facrificed in what they had the impudence to call your va- garies. f» '■•J ■ ,.:a. It was certainly amongfl: the newcomers from the upper realms, that I was to feekforthe in-? formation I wanted. However I might be dif- pofed then to impofe on others, by concealing the refuk of my enquiry, if it fhould come out unfavorable to my prejudice, I was determined not to be impofed upon myfelf : I therefore avoided confulting any whom I could fuppofe to have been tainted with party-fpirit, or biaflcd by any perfonal motive whatever, whether for or againft you. The way to get at truth is cer- tainly i>ot to feek it where the paflions have ex- pelled or will not admit it. , Amongft fuch, I defpifed equally thofe who abufed, or who admired you. Ac length I met with t ^\\ [ 7 ] with two pcrfoingcs who anfwcred the dcfcrip- tion I had propofed to myfelf. They wert even talking of you when I accofted them, and their fentiments were diametrically oppofite. So much the better. From the colliiion of their opinions I had the more reafon to exped the light of truth would be firuck out. The fum of what I learnt from them I now tranfmit to you : you cannot well be the worfe for it ; at lead you cannot fail of thanking me for the honor I do you. Your partizan, at my requeft,. firft opened the debate. He dated all your good qualities^ and the good effeds which have redounded from them to your country, or have been imagined fo to do. He expatiated on your patriot firmneft and prodigious fteadinefs to your principles^ your didntereftednefs } your love of juftice^ your irrefiftible eloquence ; your profound know^ ledge of afiiltirs foreign and domeftic; the great patronage you have given to all men of merit» amonglt whom alone you had chofea youv co- adjutors-, the emergence of anew order ofiplen^ It did .4- I %\ lit r I. , IS. f«C' [ 8 ] did days fince your adminiftration ; your mea- furcs blooming with viftory, glory, and peace, and which will furely bear thofe delightful fruits, unlefs blafted bydomedic pertidioufnefs and ma- lignance. Your orator then proceeded, paint- ing in the llronged colors that tiend Corrup* tion, and all the powers of Dulnefs expiring un- der a heroe uniting in himfelf the fpirits of an j^riftides and a Cato ; your delicacy and wifdom in the choice of your allies ; all the enemies of the nation trembling at your nod, or fprauling in the dull where you have laid them, and hum- bly fuing for a peace you will not grant them but on your own terms; your meafures oif taking Cape-Breton^ Senegal^ with all the reft of the great and fignal advantages to the nation by you procured, and fpecified in a moft folemn authoritative fpeech, which recording, as it did, the wonders of your reign, was, for its candor in giving all the truth, not, perhaps, the leaft wonder amongft them. In (hort, he concluded with an emphatic afTertion, that fince it had been your good fortune to obtain the public confidence, fo neceflary to ftrengthen the hands of a M— — — r, it was even a fpecies of trea- fon t !) 1 (brt to the welfare and intereft of the nation, to attempt in this critical feafon, to weaken your authority, or to rob you of that popularity which alone can enable you to add the mighty things you have ptomifed, to thofe you haVe already done : that he would therefore have every man treated as an enemy to his country, of friend to the pretender, who did not admire you a^ much as he did : and with this he concluded, with an air of triumph, in which I heartily con- curred with him. i \i\ A: 1 expe(fted to fee his adverfary ftruck mute, overwhelmed wi:h fuch a pomp of words and pathos as had been poured out in your favor: inftead of which, only (hrugginguphislhoulders, he coolly faid, that as he had long known in the upper world that gentleman who had given you this fine chara6ler, to be one of great worth and honor, and a fincere loVer of his country, he paid that refped to his prejudice, which he did notfuppofe that gentleman would, in return, pay to his reafon. That he would however give B us r fit f 'f*i!-' Uu i^; I ' ■pi ?*>, %.'< It; If' ■,■ • ! «<•■ t- 'i;' tin 1 i C ro ] us his own motives of diiTenr, both for my Jitlf- fadlion, and to avoid the charge of fingularity^ or of malevolence. Proceeding then, he fpoke to the principal heads of your praife, mentioned in your admirer's fpeech. Firfr, as to your good or ill qualities, he dc- i^red a jull diftindion might be made between' fpeaking of you as a private perfon, or as a man of the public. That as to the Erft, he held intheutmoftfcorn and deteftation, all fort of pcr- fonality ; that it was not his bufmefs to inquire whether you was in a milk-diet, or revelled in Champagne J whether you was content with a plain table, or had it loaded with all the poifonous compounds of the French cookery *, whether you virtuoufly and fenfibly adhered to the chafte joys of a marriage-bed, or, ignorant of true pleafure, ranged the fex in queft of it, where it is never to be found, in variety : that however, as purity of morals was defervedly a great prejudice in fa- voy 5f| [ I^ ] vor of a public m— r, he thought it would be wronging his own fenfe of candor to pafs over in filence that, in that refpea, he had the high- eft and the moft honorable opinion of yoii, be- lieving you would have been but what you are, even if you had not been a valetudinarian. I " That as to your office- chara6ler, >i^hlch being of a public nature, concerned every one, every one had a juft right to canvafs it, under. the due reftridtions of order, decency, and truth j and that nninifters, as yet in England, were not fo un- happy as to be in danger of keeping their faults, for want of their fellow-fubjedls daring to tell them of them ♦, which would be attended with yet a worfe confequence, the nation's riuinoufly to^ Icrating them in places, for want of their being fufficiently known, .• ' ' - * ■t, ■fib* ' Mi if if- Pi , That as to your boafted patriot firmnefs and fteadinefs to your principles, he would not take upon him to controvert them j but fairly left it to others to judge upon their own knowledge of B 2 fads » • ■■ >♦■.- :!■'■ .i fell: Ih I I- [ 12 ] fads relative thereto, facts as manifeft as tlic fun. That for himfelf he had always apprehended you had opened your firft campaign againft the mmilters upon the ftrideft Anti-H—- — n prin- ciples ; which, however mean nothing more than that Great Britain fliould not be facrificed, at every turn, to a little province of G — ny, not only dcftrgdively for that nation, but for that province to which (he (hould be facrificed ; that your loud founded profeffion of thefe principles had their ufual effccl, of getting any one a place, who knew hpw to avail himfelf of them : for that yoi. fo galled the mioifters^ whofe tenure of power was no other than a fatal complaifance to G^ — — n meafurcs, that they were glad almoft at any rate to purchafe their peace of you. The efFcd^ he fays, of the argument in form of a place, was inflantaneous. It carried imme- diate conviction with it. You turned about fo quick as to aftonifli even Corruption herfelf, as familiar to her as were thofe perverfions flie fo frequently operated. Should even that anfwer of * ' yours; m X* [ 13 ] yours to the cxpoftulation of one of your friends about this fuddennefs of change, in which you neither refpedled that public whofe opinion had given you all your importance, nor yourfelf, be an anfwer falfely imputed to you, though ic ftuck you up in all the print-lhops in town, in not the moft decent attitude, (hewing your dif- emharraffedface^ as if to bid thofe who had truft- ed you kifs it ; it matters very little. The aftual ceffationof oppofition from the very moment you had thus hedored yourfelf into a place, when furely the times had not had time to change, fufficiently determines the nature of fuch a pro- cedure. Then it was that you fo cavalierly turned your back on that Uroy you had defended, and left the breach pradicable for the introduc- tion of the wooden horfe, pregnant with the armed forces of H - r and H-^e^ againfl ths. pernicious confequences of which, none had more fiercely declaimed than yourfelf; fo that on your changing fides, there needed nothing more to confute you than to oppofe you to yourfelf. This fame wooden horfe was however now all of a fudden become with you the Palladium of the Britifli I -1. m •i-Vi m-ii^'. ^" JBritifli fyftetp; EfiUQ^n^cfeditdTeucrii (dolfpell \i right?)- \yas no Ipnge.r the motto, which might have ftood at the head of your politics. This condudl:, however, your admirer's antago- nift proceeded to obferve, feemed to do as Jittle honor'to your head as to your heart: none could ^eri lee the good man, and furely as little the grtalc man, in ir. One would naturally enough h^isf concluded, and cVen fworn, that you W^uld not ever be feen again on the ranks and •in th^ character of a patriot. But times fuch as the prefent ones were made to mock all' proba- biUty. You knew, it feems, the people, and whit they were capable of bearing, better than Hhofc who argued only from the reafon of things. ^Whether you imagined you had afforded too good d pennyworth, and wanted the cburt to buy you over again \ whether you had impli- citly Ibid your acquiefcehce ortly for a term of years ; whether it was^ a kind of native reftlefT- j\th in you, or, in fhort, whatever was the md- cive, your* volcano of patriotifm once more bufli foroh into a fiery ftream of eloquence, which, like . ^ • > -• " ■' •"' •■ ' ' • the I t^d ♦» &^rw> ^«4 C is t the lave of Vefuvlqs, carried all before it. And what was the objedl ? the very fame as you had before renounced. H ns and H-f- ~ns, H-f — ns and H ns, became once more the butt of your apparent rage j which had once more the fame fuccefs. There was fo much of magic in that found, Britain inftinc- tively and fo ftrongly felt, that all her evils came from thence, that fhe took you oftce more for the champion of her intereft, and not the prize-fighter of your own. One would have thought that, ls to your pad condud:, the whole body of the people had plentifully quaffed the ftreams of Lethe : every thing was forgiven^ every thing was forgot. m The people then once more took you undCf their protedlion, and hoifted you on their fhoul- ders, that you might ftep from them, upon a level, in at the window of the royal clQler. Then it was that you had obvioufly the mo(^ glorious part to a6l, and, what is more, an e- gually eafy one. You had nothing more to do than, 'm E 16] than, when in the m y, to ftlck to thofe Yery principles which had advanced you to it. i1);H Every thing concurred to recommend it to you, public policy and your private intereft. The times efpecially, the times, beyond all the mod fanguine exped:ation, favored that part. A power by chance only the enemy to the enemy of Britain, and who never had been a friend to her : a power under the flur of a legal out- lawry ; a power who could never efFedually ferve or be ferved by her y a power who could do her little or no good, and might do her infi« nite mifchief by embroiling her with all the reft of the powers of Europe, had not the appear- ance of having changed the times in favor of thofc continental connexions againft which you had but juft before levelled fuch a ftorm of elo- quence. The H— -ns and H-f — ns too had, by their famous convention entered into with- out confuting this government, furely afforded the faireft occafion that could have been wi(hed, to cut them adrift. In (hort, one would have thought the new minifter had befpoke the play, every -'^ '9 H •t^:i' >iiv'^; « [ *7 ] every thing was fo ready to be a£led for his bc^ neHt, if he would have been but true to his coun-] try and to himfelf ; or had but underftood enough of the theatre and bufinefs of it to have kept to that part, which had (againfl: all reafons for hint at lead to hope it) procured him fuch applaufc Then was the time for you to plume yourfelf upon your late high-founded Anti-germanifm which now the afpedb and ftate of things demon- ftrate to be as effential to found policy, as Anti- gallicanifm itfelf, But can, or will, pofterity believe, what however feems no wonder in thefe portentous times, that the very man who had fulminated againft continental connexions, who had even forced himfelf into power, in virtue of the popularity which that fulmination had pro- cured him ; that he, at the very junAure of time when the pernicioufnefs of thofe connexions never was more manifeft, plunged over head and cars into them, new -Cemented one of the moft obnoxious, and the mod dangerous of them with P-ff-a, and renewed another with H — r, &c. which had been fortunately broken off of itfelf? Who could fufpeft that you would go C over I, 1* ■5; I ■H ' :ri ■ £:■ I \l IS'- m i\ LtiK I 9- " in ■,, ) . M ii ' ' ' ■ ; "i r >» *■ 1 ' Pi*'. ' " - . » '•" St ^.A ■ i. • ^ r >^ * I v. ^. ■■'• ■ I t i8 ] over to thofe opponents you had fairly driven out of the field} and have holfted again that rag« worn flag of GeJ!m«Ay you had forced them to ftrikc ? Yet fo it was : and what is yet more incre- dible, a few moniemary flaflies of a fuccefs in no fenfe their own, were fufHcient to blind to fuch a degree one of the moil profound^ foiid people in the univerfe^ that they did not fee theconfequeuces which either adbually did, or in all human proba- bility would, refult from fuch politics. They did not then confider, amongft many other bad efFefts to follow. That nothing could be more wrong than to conneft fo fair a caufe as their own» with one which, to all Europe befides, had from the very firft flep taken in it carried a condemned face; by which means, the welfare df the Britifh nation (lands endangered, the fodefirable unity of her fy- ftem broken, and the rifk of her own war is un- neceffarily doubled ; being made to depend on the ifTue of a nipil precarious continental one,, and (he to pay for this folly into the bargain. That II [19] That the aid of money or troops employed to ftrengthen that caufe on the continent, would not only proportionally weaken their power to carry on the war effedlually in its natural channels, the « fea and America, but cool the fricndfhip, if not even turn hoftile towards them, thofc nations with whom their greateft intereft is to maintain the ftridell amity and fair correfpondencc. That fuch a mif-alliance, by thus multiply- ing the enemies of the nation^ or at leaft rob- bing her of her moft ufeful friends, made it ne- cefTary to keep meafures more than otherwife (he need do, with the hitherto- neutral powers. That if undue concefTions (hould therefore be made either to Spain or to Holland, the nation had no one to thank for it but thofe (tatefmen : {{latefmen too!) who had hand-bolted and coup- led her with an ally, that had brought with him for his contingent a great army indeed^ but employed in his own deftrudbion ; himfelf to feed with fubfidies ; a caufe, which* whether clear or not clear, was in cfFcft the fame thing to Bri- C 2 tain •4! V ;i< Si fi nil wi»r ■,rj [ 20] tain, and to be fupportcd by armies in her pay j and the enmity of moft of the powers in Europe; alJ whom to brave, muft not only be a downright cofFee-houfe Bobadil's or Drawcanfir's air, but appear more in the ftile of the court of Barbary than of a great and refpedlable nation, whofe wifli never ufed to be other than that her jufticc Ihould be the meafure of her power. That from the inftant the German empire flood poffefled, in form, of this caufe, the worft office that poflibly could be done to the K. of Pr — , and efpecially to H-^ r, H-fle, &c, was Britain's any-ways interfering in it ; fince ihe could only, without a probability of faving them, exafperate matters, fo as to bring on the utmoft extremities to which the ban of the em- pire could proceed *, the carrying of which into cffed will probably be found not ultimately to depend on the ridiculous patched-up army, that has been commiffioned under the name of the army of execution. That this interference was alfo greatly beneath the majefty, and certainly ^oc conformable to the juftice, of this nation, who im J-^'i-l [21 ] who would herfelf fcarce like to fee a foreign power intermeddle between her laws and a fub- jedti and that every prince in Germany, the emperor himfelf included, however abfolutely a fovereign as to his own fubjeds, is no more than a fubjedt himfelf to the laws of the empire. To fay arbitrarily that thofe laws are bad, or with- out proof, that the adminiftrators of them are corrupted, was, inflead of reafoning, abuf- ing*, which was indeed the grand refource of the wrong-heads of the times, and efpecially of the head of them, ...... ■■■'', P>Hi 1 ; •.-'.:.'■•''• T^hat as to the money and troops fent over to Germany, by way of diverting the French from falling with their whole force upon Pruflia, this meafure could at befl, and, humanly fpeak- ing, but for a while put off the evil day for him. That the French could not wi(h for a better game, than Britain's putting herfelf to fo im- menfe an expence, rifking the blood of her fub- jedls where France would moft wifli to meet them, and incurring a general odium •, and for what ? To furnilh France with a plaufiblc excufe of in- abi- t'i m ■0 ft '■if it »■ [ 22 ] ability to crufh that very prince whom it would be tnadnefs in her to think of crufhingi unlefs forced at length by his procedure to contribute in earned to the crufhing him, for which how- ever (he will take care to be well paid. Nor quite unreafonably. She would hardly be fo generous as gratuitoufly to promote or fuflTer the deftrudion of the only power in Germany capa- ble .of ballancing that Houfe of Auflria which meafures moft Unbritifh have unfortunately driven for refuge into the arms of that infidious friend, herfclf, whofe alliance might therefore be reafonably expeded to be as unpermanent as it is unnatural, if the obflinate attachment of the Englifh to their miilaken politics was not to draw the ties clofer. When, whatever facrifices urc made by Auftria to France, for France's fuf- fering her to wreak her refentment, will all be at the expence of the Englifh incerefl: in Europe: and O may it not be in America ! In the mean time, there is all the reafon to think that France, true to her own fecret intereft, has been for fpin- ningoilt the German war by giving Pruflia law, fo far as fhe could fpare him and at the fame time (avc H' ^> or To he [ 23 ] fave appearances to Auftria. She has certainly hitherto done againft him no more than (he could well help. The number of men (he Iqfl: at the pitiful rout of Rofbach is not worth mention- ing. Her game, and (he fcems to have under- ftood and played it well, was, like her defpo- tifm copied from the Turks, who aggrandized themfelves by the inconfiderate obftinacy of the Chriftiaa princes weakening themfelves by the divifions thofe infidels had fomented. And thus, when both fides in Germany (hall have alternately confumed their forces, exhaufted their treafures and credit, and loft the flower of their armies, France will come in frefh, as it were, and in a capacity to didate what terms fhe pieafes^in which (he will hardly forget herfel^ and will moft probably in the end run away with all the advantages of a war which has already been fo fatal to the human fpecies. And indeed what heart is there honored with the feelings of hu- manity, but muft fuffer at hearing Germany fo often mournfully refounding with ppftilions winding the fall of her bravcft fons ? Sweet mu- 1 fic r it . » t .'■'1 ' ■•!Ji:i ■ J' < 4 *\n ?^-! };■!:• [ 24 ] fie to the French ! Whether they fall on the fide of Pruflia or of Auftria, they are Germans ftill. Yes France, France is the only gainer by their ca- lamity^ and to Britain it is they impute it. Her careleffnefs in not refuting accufations, has given her greated: enemy the arms of appearances againft her, and appearances it is that govern the world. To rely entirely on innocence, and to leave truth to its infenfible perfpiration, through time, is not always, at leaft in po- litics, the fafeft courfe. Mifchief irreparable may be done by a calumny before it is ex- ploded. That the nation, by abandoning the Heady light of reafon, and fuffering herfelf to be mi- ferably mifled by the falfe glare of a Will-o-th'- wifp, had gone out of the plaineft road imagi- nable, into a wild of precipices on all fides, without an opening to fafety : for furely an ig- nominious peace can never deferve the name of fafety, and that perhaps one of the mofl: defperate of her fymptoms, was not only her not feeming to know her being in danger, but her infenfibi- lity Ml de ■s- fl '-M [ 25 ] lity to lofs of reputation, to fay nothing of that of her intereft, by thofe continental connedions which have expofed one of the beft and honeft- eft of Kings to be treated with the utmoft irre- verence, both by her enemies and allies : and the nation herfelf to be confidered as one, to whofe politics it was only now wanting to nego- tiate a quadruple alliance, by inviting into it the emperor of Morocco, and the moft ferene re- public of Algiers. 'V\' ;v'fT That If, through your rage of holding power by the mif-ufe of a popularity ufurped without the leaft title to it, jour defigningly bluflering airs fliould be miftaken, for that true fpirit, and quick fenfe of honor, which fo well become a nation: or if even a juft war (hould be confe- quently refolved on with Holland, preferably to the tamely giving her a fatisfadlion, to which Ihe is not however without fome pretentions j yet fuch are the national circumftances, under this contineatal involvcnce in a caufe with which flie hais originally nothing to do, that on fuch a war D break- { •1 •' ■ 't, H ■ •■■!!■ % i m n .■* (1^ h, i^^^: t ' ^?: ■\-:i ^11 breaking out, Fraince would probably have ^orc- reafon than Britain to rejoice in the iiTlie -, and the nation would have ample caufc for averring, that you had been fteady only to her ruin^ after being i^icdnftant at a jundurci when the not being fo would not only havte faved, but eflemially ferved herj to fay nothing of the ftability which would, in fpite even of the court itfelf, have thereby redounded to your own power : that you had confequently been, if not falfe ro your country's intereft, atleaft ignorantof four own, or of both, t - ■+■• »,-• , . • , w 4 , .L : iK L> Hiat the Britilh nation feems alfo not i;o rc- fleft, that the diftrafting her councils by the per- nicious admixture of the continental embroils^ takes away all point of view from her, and fu- perfluoufly fubjedls her to the carrying on or paying for two wars inftead of one : That could fhe even adopt fo mad an idea, as that her navy, : . . . " ■ ! ' ' ' ■ . powerful as it is, in concert with the land-force of Pruflia, Hanover, HefTe, Brunfwick, and the mighty potentate of Buckeburgh, could give —t. '■(.' and i ing, ■"/: fter Bing ally hich i lavc -»■:,. you 1 your # u )wn. rc- y '""■■•' ;per- roilsj 1^7 1 . laws to $11 Europe, and confequently realize io herfelf that chimera of univerfal empire; fuch a hope has but a flippery foundation in her de- pendence on a prince, who, granting him all th^t moft religious fidelity to treaties, of which he has given fome memorable proofs, may yet be diilrefTed and conipelled, by the paramount law of fejf-prefervation, to leave Britain in the lurch. Should Britain and Pruffia, on the other hand, inllead of wearying out tlie powers with whom they are at war, than the expcdla- tion pf which a vainer there could hardly be, they themfelves become tired out gnd exhaufted with undecifive operations, what will then become qf jhe fruits of Britain's maritime fucoefles ? Will not their fate in Afia, Africa, and America, be ra- ther regulated by that of Europe, than that of Eurppe by them ? yet widely different might have been the cafe, if thofe powers, initead of being alienated from Britain by the unaccount- able part (he has taken, had feen her on\y act- ing upon her own bottom ; they would then have moft likely been glad to fee weights taken D 2 out ■i«, (i •V ''i'i' f (^ i Ai -S yl V %■ [ ^8 ] out of the fcale of France, and thrown bto that of Britain and of Liberty. None of them pro- bably would have wifhed the rcftitution of any conqueft fhe might have made upon France; whereas, as things are, judge of the impolicy of Britain which has been fo great as to render the caufe of even France a popular one in Eu- J^ope 1 : yi I ».. **v. - That the people of England had run head- long into a grievous miftake of buttle for bufi- . nefs ; a miftake owing to that imbecility and inactivity of your predeceflbrs, contrafted to which your fchemes, crude and undigefted as they were, had an air of life, and of doing fome- thing. They did not confider, that wrong or filly meafures may ultimately prove as fatal as no meafures at all ; that the paths to perdition are numerous, and often diametrically oppofitc; but that the right roads are never more than a very few, which the point is to hit. That, in fhort, the fcratch-work ofexpeditions, which ex- ulcerated France without weakening her, or defi- cient [ 29 5 cicnt or ill-concerted plans of operations,^ are lib more a mark of life, than a Tick man's toffihg and throwing his arms about in the delirium of a fever is a vital fymptom. %fi -1 •■;•*'' fi*^ \* J t t ^ ' '^r> 13 i Here this fcrupulous weigher of merits flop- ped. His adverfary, your adherent, told hinfi, that he muft have been, when alive, under the biafs of fome perfonal intereft, fome refentment, malice, or party- fpirit, of which the imprelTioil ilill remained upon him. The other fmiled, and obferved, that nothing was fo injurious to man- kind, fo (lupidly abfurd, nor fo common, as indiflindly to place all private opinions upon the adminiftration of public affairs to the account of fome fuch motives. Yet what does fuch a conclufion infer, unlefs fo grofs an abfurdity as would be that of imagining, that A nation which, for evident adva^ntages both na- tural and acquired, hardly fees her equal on the globe, does not deferve to produce fubjeds feii- fible enough of her worth to efpoufe her caufc ' for I ■•'■. *i It':. , ■j.ii I' i I. I'll.' ^1' '' ''li . f m. ■ hi .1 4 li ill / 1 1*1. K', ( 30 3 % her own fake ?~Motivcs, (he added) being m general not fufceptiblc of afcertainnDcnt 5 not always even by the man hinnfelf who profefftd them, the public gave very little heed to any pro- feflions j that truth of fads and arguments was what it confidercd, as the only objedl worthy of its attention, and that efpecially the public never Allowed railing to be reafoning } nor much Icfs galling names to be confuting. That he, to the beftof his knowledge and underfl:anding,had,as an innpartial by-ftando*, ever reprefcnted the truth, And the truth only ; nor that but with the moft ftrfedi indifference about its reception, unleis indeed fo far as its utility to the public might be afFe6led by it. That as to yourfclf, his own con- jft^nc opinion of you had been formed upon a j^gment ti^o cool, too tranquil, too unprejudi>- .ced, not. to make him fenfible that he was do- ingyou an honor^ in his deigning to take cog- nisance of your conduft, which nothing but its unaccountable relation to the public welfare could juftify to himfelf. That you then, if any thing, V 'k-., 4^ Ig ^ [31 ] thing, he rather pitied, for the numbers who did not know yoa, having affixed to you fuch an idea of over- importance as» whilfl: it gives you power to do infinite mifchief, only increafes your blindnefs to your natural inability of an-* fwering the raifed expedadon* That^ as to any thing further, he was extremely plcafed at being dead and buried out ot the way of all noa« fenfe in the upper world, and of any longer fee- ing, without his being able to help it, his wretch- ed country in prey to Folly, that genuine iffue of the left-handed marriage of Power with jPrc- fumption : No time furely more deflrable not to live in 1 t. ■ 4. k tW-J •*•«.> I ttr'!»^r He wanted here to leave off, but I defired him I . r-. to proceed, which, in complaifance to m'e he did^ He obferved, that it was not long before your unfteadinefs, in turning againft your country that very influence her voice had procured you for her defence, was nobly puniflied. The old m— 1— rs faw you with as much pleafure. as if you had never changed before, diflionor yourfelf !• , .,,. [32] youffclf by joining them, and thus give them their revenge for the contempt with which you had, perhaps not unjuftly, loaded them. The well- meaning people rejoiced indeed, becaufe they imagined this unanimity of the heads of parties portended well to the adminiftration of affairs; not confidering that though unslnimity has, it is truei a plaufible captivating found, it was by what they fhonld agree upon, and not merely by their agreeing, that their unanimity was to be eftimated. Alas! little did the people in ge- neral khbw or conceive, that after all, a German intertft was to be the center of union; and that the new m r, their own darling elect, was preparing to ftrike deeper into the continent than any miniflers before had^dared to venture. The old ones efpecially muft have voluptu- oufty enjoyed your thus over- Ihoootihg them in their own bow, aflured as they were that the prize pf it would be to themfelves. Thofe old flaunch complaifants to the coult-pafiion, knew very .well they would have all th^ merit, where they wanted to have it, of t^fc meafures, which. i 33 1 which, without your popularity to give them q; countenance, could not have taken place. :/( They durft not have propofed to fend a man to j;i| Germany j your face A^as fet to the fending of 'JJl thoufands ; and in what a manner too ! Then it •;- ■ ■ » . . was that the national intereft, under your au- '^^^ fpices, was once more fhifted from the broad ^jt bafis of Europe, to the little diminifhed point of if^ two or three provinces of Germany, and thofe '^^\ liable to the ban of the empire. m In the mean time, the favorites behind the I'l fcenes muft have been highly diverted. You tf had defpifed their judgment, and what a proof § was you now giving of your's, in fuffering your- '}y felf to be their temporary tool ! They doubtlefs ^t carefled, admired, and extolled you to the il.\. I 34 ! ' T included. This banter of theirs however muft have produced a fine laugh in the flecve, whilft thofe who always defpifed you as much as you hadvaffefted to defpife them, were thus playing you ofF. You was now their " great man, a ** man to be fupported ; nay, a man that kftew ** bufinefs :" which, by the by, is the laft qua- lity they would have allowed you before ; and all this you fwallowed, whilft they were lolling out their tongues by ftealth at you, looking archly at one another j as much as to fay^, «< We have him, he cannot retreat now.** Their part however was an infamous one ; fince it could not be adled but at the expence of their country : but then, what muft your's hc^ in your being thus their tool and jeft ? You could not complain of this ufage as unfair, becaufe you knew them, as it is pretty plain they did you. Could they elfe have propofed to you the re-ac- ceptance of a place from which you had juft before been as unaccountably outed as you had been taken in -, and which they did not offer you again till they v/ere driven to it, by finding your popularity indifpenfably neceflary to their pur- pofes 3 and a place which moft probably had fo long' ft ft )U g i 35 ] long gone a-begging, only be aufe , j-onc would or durft have accepted it on the condi tion which you muft have done, with inconr parably more reafon for you, than for any othei to refufe it ? Which objedlion to you more than to any other, fhews of itfelf what that condi- tion of acceptance muft have been, even if the meafures which took place inftantly upon it had not abundantly fpecified it. If you accepted ia the fear, that if you had not, they could at laft have done without you, and have ventured, on their own heads, the continuance of thofe unpopular connexions, where was your policy ? If you came into them with every reafon from the afpedt of things to keep more out of them than ever, where was your fteadinefs ? If from a fecret paflion for the favor of a court, with which you might not be the lefs dying to be well, for your abufing it, you confented to fa-^ crlfice the Britifh intereft to meafures of which yourfelf had fo often demonftrated the fatal ten- dency, where was your loyalty to your country and to your king ? If, again, any domeftic ftreights, arifing from your having launched in- to inconvenient expences on the prefumption E 2 of n I i i i $ 41 *i r 36 1 • of a longer tenure of the office you had quitted^ gave you caufe of regret, and of feeking to re- gain it; if fuch a confideration, J fay, of for- tune, came in for any Ihare of your flexibility, where was the purity of your difintcreftednefs ? But when the confequences of your laft defec- tion fliall come into exiftence, and into exiftence fome of them are already come, and the reft haftening into it, when you fliall at length dif- cover that you have been amufed and cajoled by your colleagues in oflice ; what will you do ? Again will you have rccourfe to your old friends the people, with a complaint of your having been facrificed by thofc new friends of your's, to whom you had yourfelf facrificed that very people ? and ought they not with one accord to anfwer, that you was rightly ferved; that their wrong was in fome meafure revenged by it ; that; they were fick of biting fo often at fo fl:ale ^ bait; fick, in fliort, of being fo repeatedly made the tools of their own perdition, by their being deceived with falfe figns and colors, into be- fliowing their influence upon one, who, the in- ftant he had obtained ic, turned it againft: them- felves, his political creators out of nothingnels ? • But ^ . I 37 1 But they will not anfwcr fo, it mny be faid, and you will be received with open arms, as if you had not deferved fuch an anfwer. May be fo. But then it muft be allowed too, that thefe are preciftly the times in which the mod flagrant im- probabilities have greatly the odds on their fide j a hint, by the by, not unimprovable at Arthur's. He (hould not then wonder (he added) to fee you once more availing yourfelf of that fingle cir- cumftance which had preferved to you your po- pularity, your having at once humored the populace and the court, in their pafl!ion for the JC of Pr ■ 5 a paffion, which on each fide had very diflFerent motives, and of which you could not have too ftrongly refilled the blindnefs in both court and people, and perhaps in yourfelf; which laft fuppofition is, however wretched, the only excufe for you. That was he again in life, he fliould die with laughing, if once more putting on the heroic bufkin and the- atrical air, you was to begin with a prologue upon your being proof againft money and luft of power, and of your fighing for a retreat in the ftile of a Scipio, whilft only with-held from it by your tender patriotic concern for that dear dear *, I I 1^ s m n i' Hi ' 1 .,(' I ^J[^ '* 'I L ■ li,' r ?8 ] dear country of your'?, which you would be loth to leave to deplore tiie defertion of fuch a fa- ther as you have been to her : and then pro- ceed to lay before an audience, melted with all this mock-pathos, the unpromifing afpect of affairs, the difficulties incident to raifing the fupplies of the war j of all which, it feems, you know fo much, as to know that the nation has fuch inexhauftible refources to carry it on, that whoever (hould dare to fuggeft the contrary, ought to be confidered as a traitor, and purfued accordingly. Now, the jeft of fuch a declama- tion, if jefting was quite fo proper in fo ferious a concern, would be not only the effrontery, but the glaring falfity of the aflertion and con- clufions : fincc the loweft man of the nation, grant him but common fenfe, and the modera- ted knowledge of the prefent conftitution of things, would have a right to fay to you, with all that ftern coolnefs which atttends the contempt of a filly impofition, " Sir, if the nation is fo ♦' unfortunate as to experience a failure of cre- «' dit at her greatell need, (lie muft be funk as *' low indeed in her fpirit and underftanding as *' it is polTible for her to be in her circumftan- cc ces, ■ C 39 1 «« ces, if flie can fuffer the very man who is «* himfelf palpably the occafion of it, to infult *' her with an attempt to make, or rather, in *« truth, to continue her a party with him in the " farther deception of herfelf, till all difcovery <* of it comes too late. But furely, Sir, you of «' all mankind ought to be the leaft furprized " at the prcfent meafures not inviting credit ; *' fince it is not fo long fince, that even fo *' great and wife a man as you are, thought *' them as infernally bad ones, as thofe may do «* who now with hold their money : an opi- ** nion which, though you may have changed «« upon being more enlightened byapoft, might '' not be the cafe of thofe who had not like you *' got one. Thofe continental connexions which *' you had condemned, defended, condemned *' and defended again, juft as you was in orouf " of place, could not to any folid, fenfible per- *' fons ever have changed afped:, unlefs greatly " in favor of the expediency of having lefs to do «' with them than ever. Will you then dare to " fay, that thofe who now think as yourfelf not *' long fince thought, are in the wrong ? when, tt in defiance of that greedily fwallowed fpeecli *' of I '% J w I V .1 ^. i \-y vied them. In fhort, the point of conteft feemed to be, not who ftould extricate your coun- ^ try [ 4^ 3 try out of her plunge, but who Ihould thruft her more defperately in. To this your friend replied : That there was another more favorable way of folving that ap- parent inconfiftency in your conduft,' which was, that you had been forced, as it were, by way of compromife, to yield to fome ill, that you might be able to do fome good : that, confcious , of your intrufiye and confequently aukward figure in the clofet, you was glad to foften things there in order to keep your place in it ; and, under the favor of humoring the pre- dominant paffion there, to make way for thofe national points which would not otherwife pafs without fuch a compliance : in which light your compliance was rather that of a patriot than of a courtier, fince you ftill made the good of your country your port of deft ination, though, by the wind's continuing to blow too ftrong in a con- trary quarter, you was forced to trim to it, and go upon another tack. His antagonift, in anfwer to this, obferved, that he had often heard this plea offered for you -' .* by t 47 ] by well-meaning people, and that he had always heard it with that pity due to the errors of a good intention, or of that amiable good- nature which delights more in excufing than condemn- ing. The truly good always think the beft of others. That unhappily however in your cafe, every plea brought for you, and this one efpe- cially, made ftrongly againft you. For that no- thing appearing more plain, as before remarked, than that you well knew of thofe continental engagements, (ince the declaiming againd them with as much vehemence as juftice, had been your means of afcenfion to power ; you could not therefore plead ignorance of the reafons yourfelf had alledged of your fierce wrath at them. In what then had thofe reafons ceafed ? Was it not more evident than ever, that at the very jundure when you renounced them, and adopted the meafures to which they had been oppofed ; thofe meafures had fo pernicious a tendency, that there were no points you could carry by acquicfcing in them, but what would not be only barely blanked by them, but muft even ultimately turn againft your country? France was her enemy. Was it right then to give t 48 ] give France a handle to draw off the attention of Europe from fo defenfible a caufe as was that of Britain at the beginning of the war, to fix it, unfavorably for her, upon that incident in the courfe of it, an alliance fo liable to exception, which, inftead of ftrengthening, muft abfolutely itfelf be her weak fide ? which muft, if not ob- llrudlher fucceffes, in all human probability, make her lofe the fruit of thofe fhe may have gained, or will gain, on her own bottom at the expence of her own blood and treafiire. That one would think you had accepted of power only to con- fummate the facrifice already begun of the na- tional points to the great antinational one, in- ftead of making the laft fubfervient to the firft, as has been urged in your behalf. That in lieu of endeavouring to loofen, you had drawn clofer, the engagements between this nation and a Prince, who, by doing fo much mifchief, had got two fuch totally different reputations, the one all over Europe, and the other in Britain only : a Prince who is evidently driving on in that career of perdition, which in the natural courfe of things muft await him, unlefs he is faved by a miracle : fince even his viftories, it may [ 49 ] may vrlchout a pja^f^dox be fald, only infure his ruin, by encouraging him to brave it, and make a neceflity of it to thofe powers combined againft him, who muft exhauft or tire him out, even in their defeats by him. This too rtiay happen not- withdanding thofe admirably truily recruits he raifcs by that new and extraordinary procedure, of prefling into his fervice the fworn fubjedls of thofe Proteftant dates he has invaded and pil- laged, all by way of defending the Proteftant religion, and reinftating the liberties of Ger- many ! That whenever fuch an event fhould come into exiftcnce, which, however, no one could lefs wilh than himfelf, you could npt at leaft plead the improbability of it in your own defence. For that, to fpeak in the modern ora- torial ftile, even the different images prefented by Britain and Pruffia might have kept off the idea of bringing them into conjundion : Pruflia reprefenting a ihallow rivulet, as enormoufly as fuddenly fwelled by a mere accident, burfting its hanks, and with its overflow fpreading ,a dreadful devaftation through the neighbouring .fields, fooner or later to be reduced and,fhrunk back into its original littlenefs ^ ^^PPy> ^^ "^c G wholly '"I r " u <'. 1 ■'■■ -t- ^' [ 50 ] wholly annihilated by way bf^evention ffer rh(i future ! whereas Britain appeaPs like a majeftie river, intrinfically rich from its own perennial fource, taking its courfe in a regular channel, and fertilizing as it flows. The interefts oftwd fuch dates could hardly with any fort of propriety be identified or made mutually to depend on one another. That befides nothing was fajfer than the pretence of any necefTity in you for your acqiiicf- cing in the continuance of the continental con- nexions, by way of compromife for thofe points, of which fuch as were recommended by the na^ tion met with fo great, though probably in the end vain fuccefs ; whilft the others of your own planning were either crude, abortive, or anfwered no valuable purpofe in proportion to their ex- pence, or to the expedlations raifed by them. That the non-neceffity of fuch an acquiefcence was plain from the power of your popularity, (no matter, as to the effedl, whether fharped or fairly won) which would have made your col- leagues in the adminiftration think twice before they had ventured to b'rax^ the ill confequences of your tribuninan veto. That if thus backed by the whole force of the community on your fide. m V t'f 4 rw and [ 5^ ] ahd efpecially by that of demonftrable Truth, oppofcd to which all human authority makes fo contemptible a figure, you could not have pre- vailed for breaking, or at lead loofening the continental connexions ; your refignation would not have been only a duty, but the very bed policy myou, granting even that fuch a refignation would have been only what fo many have been before, mere grimace, a retiring back to take the greater leap forward : for that fuch was the gratitude of the nation, that (he would never have defer- ted the man who had not deferted her. This is plain, fince even on the bare appearance of your ftill (landing by her in a few comparatively uneflential points, what numbers do not per- ceive, or weakly fond of their prejudices wiii not feel, that fhe is deferted by you in the main one ? That in this inftance of your unfteadincfs you had not fpecified yourfelf either the friend to your country or to yourfelf. That even Hano- ver had the jufteft rocHii to complain of your purfuing that very tenor of councils which had already proved fo deftrudive to that flate, and of your thus, as it were, fealing its ruin. Ha- nover, which niighi, have remained perfeftly fafe G 2 in ,:?V i. k. 1-. «i.| i ..> MfJ m i ^ti!r * I 52 1 in its priftinc mediocrity, under the common bond of the empire, if it hadi not been lillily lifted up into the rank of nations, where its frog-fwell muft, if not even burft, give it a moft aukward figure : and where it will have that prepofterous pohcy of a weak preference to thank, if it fliould add one inftru6live example more to many, of things forced up beyond their due pitch, only to be dafhed to pieces on their preci- pitation to that ground again where they were before quietly lying. — That, in fa6^, then you had, in this your fecond or third departure from Anti-hanoverianifm, been at once grofsly want^ ing to Britain and to Hanover, both whofe in- terefts ever required their being conftantly kept , fcparate, or carried on collaterally, like paral- lel lines, never to touch. But that, not content with taking under your auguft protection the German connexions, juft as you found them, you had, by going deeper into them than any of your predecefTors had dared to do, adled as ' if you had imagined you could not too foon make repentance follow the fimplicity of forget- ting, in your favor, that faith once forfeited, is, ^ like departed life, never to return again. Un- • - ' ■■ V • ■ der . r 53 ] der your aufplces then, that infatiate German gujph, which had already fwallowed, in vain, fo much Britilh ireafure, bloody axideven honor, kept yawning ftUl for more ; and now, after the immenfe fums already palpably thrown awuy, the Britilh troops mufl: be fent off, and where ? why, exadtly to where, if the French had been obliged to pay the freight of the tranfport, they would not have had a bad bargain of their be- ing fent ; fa little good they can do, fo wretched a figure they muft make •, not as to their courage, for that is undoubted, (they are Britons) but iq a ftate of fubordination infinitely beneath the maje- fty of the nation, and in a way lefs to fave than to fubjed the electoral dominions to the extremities of the laws of war and of the empire ; befides drawing on this nation the odium of her fteking to perpetuate for her own ends, or rather for ends not her own, that dreadful civil war which is adually to this hour making a fhambles of Germany. That hitherto indeed, thefe Britilh forces had not done any great matter of harm, or much to be talked of; but had rather given fomewhat of the idea of an army inccg. That he would not add here, that this ftep of fending i rl^ - liiole r, , v;, * 'If lii. I ■rjf 4, ■H t m Jut •':>',' I'll 111 9i^ !;i '[ 54 ] thofe fuccours would have the appearance,' to thofe not better informed, of fupporting and rewarding the Hanoverians for the breach of the convention of Clofter-feven; becaufe he was determined to believe the French the violators of it ; as he could not, without being too much hurt, imagine that a Britifh miniller, efpecially the Britifh Cato too! could pofTibly pro- mote, cherilh, or abet, fo black and perfidious a procedure : a procedure which would be treafon to mankind, in adding frefli horrors to war, as if there were not enough already, by the diftruft fuch a precedent muft introduce, cutting off the fmall remains of humanity left amidft its rage and blood-thirftinefs ; a procedure which might even draw down the vengeance of Heaven on the national arms, or at lead, in the iflue of things, verify that juft remark, that fuch as forfeit honor for the fake of advantage, moft commonly lofe in the end both honor and ad- vantage. Britain was the jefl: before, but that would render her the horror of Europe. No I it could not be you, that, with Probity and Patriotic virtue holding up your train, would ad fo execrable a part. — That he would only thea ^ t 55 ] then obferve, thait this meafure of fending away the Britifh fprces, which had, it feems, the greav*; authority of your countenance to it *i'' this meafure, by which the nation was weakened at home and dilhonorcd abroad, was furely not a proof cf your having adopted juft ii6 more of the continental meafures than you could well help, on finding them already fixed.— That this was making a moft cruel ufe of the people's confidence in you, and of their juft and '^i I: fpirit of refentment againft France, which by this adulteration of it with Germanifm, was degenerated into the abfurdity of hating the French more than they loved themfelves. That, in this war efpecially, France, for every confi- derable ally that (he had, ftood indebted to that excentric policy of Britain, wl:ich had alfo frightened and made the neutral powers keep aloof from her councils. That France had great reafon to rejoice at the defigning mercenary ufe made of her name, in every quarrel kindled by her on the continent, to cry France! and halloo Britain on to take fide, no matter for the impro- priety or rather imprudence of her interfering at all, fo that German troops might have but the benefit lip: ii • - r". ■i ■ ■"* .'If •i I, ■' t ' Ill'' I I f 5^ T benefit of ft anding upon her pay • books. Thus, for the fake of gratifying a few German princes with comparatively an inconfiderable fum, the nation was collaterally plunged without mercy, into expences needlefs, ex- orbitant and ruinous, as well as into an inextricable chaos of falfe meafures ; fo that herfelf was made to purchafe her own perdi- tion. How different from this eondufb was that of the model of Britilh fovereigns, the good Queen Elizabeth! one of whofe great excellencies lay, in that, ever faithful to her infular fituation, (he knew perfectly well how to make her advantage of all the parties on the continent 5 but wifely took care herfelf never to enter deeply into any of them. It is true, ihe had no foreign dominions. <.f • » ( 'f-\ .' 1 ' Here this vain declaimer paufed j your zeal- ous advocate, without making him a fingle con- ceflion to your prejudice, alked him with a little air of triumph, what he had to fay againft your difintereftednefs i '^.i I ij ■ . ' J?'!': .-i f • A^ , ! -V ::hii' Nothing, i-' ,1 [ 57 3 . Nothing, was his anfwer : that is to fay, ad- ded he, if the other, by difinterellednefs, meant no more than a clearnefs from pecuniary views. He defired him, however, to take notice that his own candor had not made him give up a little, in giving up fuch appearances as made that vir- tue at lead apocryphal. But that as he fincerely believed they were appearances only, he dif- dained to take the advantage of them ; for that if money was not, as he granted it was not, the motive of your patriotifm fuch as it is, that fame patriotifm, confidering your original preten- tions, had however been no very bad bargain to you. That, after all, if thofe your fo much boafted felf- denials of perquifites, gratuities, or fweets of office, were fairly caft up, they would amount to no more than a very moderate fum, to pafs, as very juftly it ought to pafs, for the purchafe- money of thofe places you have obtained, if in thofe refufals you politically had thofe places in view. No- one can affert you had not : that is a point within your own bread, beyond the reach of human penetration, and perhaps even beyon,d your own, as it might lie buried from your own knowledge under other motives, which, ' • . ' W ; • a$ W m PL ;i? - I' 'r il •*'4l.- .ft' . ,1 " 'Ml i ?I6 I' Kt-. i,l.- ii\ [ .5? ] as more plaufible, would appear uppermofl:. You would not however be the- firft who, to compafs his ends^ had worn a mafic of dirtn- tercdednefs, fo nearly refemblirig life, as to be rnii'iaken for what it only imitated. That neveithelefs, for his part, he readily believed til at money was not your paflion : nor did he even impute it to you, as an unpardonable fauft, a procedure which, before your laft abdication, did not however mow, that you was fo abfo- lurely di^'eded from all attachments but thofe to the intereft of your country, as fome of your ad- mirers would have it believed ; for that you haci not been entirely without reafon reproached with having, in more than one gentle cuz, confidered rather a family-merit to yourfeJf, than a national one. Not but undoubtedly fome of them might have, in their own right, pretentions at leaft equal to yours, but which they muftdeferve to forfeit by the meannefs of claiming under fo con- teftable a title as that of your having merit enough for yourfelf and them too. Partiality to rela- tions, v/as, he obferved, a paflion, or rather weak- nefs, which carried its excufe with it in the hu- manity and goodnefs of heart it implied j that ic was i'k [ 59 ] ■ was fometimes even juftifiable on motives offccu- rity and truft ; but that it was the height of ini^o . licy, wher. the preceding minider had been vio- lently reproached for a mif-ufe of that indulgence, or where great parade had been made of a rigo- rous felf-denial of every branch of perfonal inte- refiednefs. But there were, he faid, many other pafiions more obnoxious, which might place power in a hght of temptation enough to perfonate a character in order to come at it. PalTions, fuch as pride and ambition efpeciaily, Vv'hich would be admirably ferved by difintereftednefs, as it is com- monly underftood in purely a pecuniary fenfe, from its rarity and luftre, dazzling enough to blind the world to thofe pafTions themfelves. That yet no-one of difcernment had ever fo much as dreamed of allowing any merit to the difmce- reflednefs of a late prime minifter -, who. after an enjoyment of that place for miay years, had left little or nothing at his death. It was plain that money was not his pafllon, however it might be that of others whom he feduced by gratify- ing it ; fo that, amidil that general contagion which he fpread through the land, he might him- felf be allowed uninfected with it, as poifonous ., > Jri 2 * animals 4r ■m -It I •u . ■>'*y ■=3 - 't. ■h I ' m Blit h [ 60 ] animals live exempt from the injury of their own poifons. But whatever other was his pre- ; dominanc principle, ftill he was not unjullly accufed of being the father of corruption, as being the firfl who had even boaftingly opened a poifon-fhop of it. And indeed, fo doing, he would have done more fervice to his coun- try in his declared war againfl patriot vir- tue, than any falfe friend to it ; if that frank- nefs of his would have opened her eyes on this the plaineft of all confequences, that fo flagrant a corruption was an inconteflable proof of the exiftencc of fome greatly un- national point to be carried by it ; for corrup- tion has always fome end. Now, muft it not have been difficult not to fee what that end was, "when the perpetual foreign drain it caufed was fo conftantly felt j and yet who was there ever oppofed it, but in order to be taken off, or cor- rupted not to oppofe it? That befides the greater paflions, there were low faults or de- feds of charadter, from, which men fometimes afpired to power -, fuch as arrogance, felf-con- ceit, vanity, prefumption •, in which cafe, a man wnder fuch difqualifications, was certainly more to [ 6i ] to be pitied, or at lead lefs to be blamed, than thofc, who, not having the fame excufe of palTive blindnefs to them, and felf-ignorance as their very nature implied in the owner, kept feeding thofe follies with a filly admiration, or ufed their country, or even the poor perfonage himfelf, fo ill, as to contribute to the fuccefs of his preten- tions.-— That difintereftednefs, whether real or only adled, was in fadt a pandar to thofe paf- fions or faults which conftituted juft obje6lions to a candidate for high employs in the ftate ; fmce the charadter of that fingle virtue once well eftablifhed, would enable him to (land upon his importance, to play the game of prudery with the courtfhip of power, and to refufe much in order to get every thing. — That he looked on difintereftednefs as undoubtedly the higheft re- commendation of any fervant of the public, in whatever ftation, from the higheft to the loweft ; but that itfelf alone and without other requifites, was no more fuHicient to form a ftatefman, than mere animal courage would a general \ though without it he could not be but a defpi- cable one. — That the ufe a man made of his power after he had got it feemed to him the bed ^i- «.'■ muft #- A i / • I. t > [ 63 ] muft be of from hU 'eonfummate knowledge of affairs ! — Inftead too of invoking the afliftance of the untainted neutrals of rank, influence, charader, and fortune, where alone you could expe6l to find it ; he bbferved, that you, with all your fublime difintereftednefs, was not fo fiercely untradtable, but that you could once more draw very quietly with the avowed flaves of intereft. How pleafant a fight to fee you neftling in ^ith the old rank courtiers, and kindly affimilating with thofe whom yourfelf had, not long before, treated with as little ce- remony as if they had been recommendable to no place, but in an Afylum or Magdalen- houfe for the reception of penitent State- profti- tutes! '.^itii *Jn^ o -v •Jv/ Your humble admirer interpofed here, and, impatient to come to the point v/hich he was fure would ftrike his antagonift dumb, afked him, if he could have the face to deny that you fo greatly excelled all the ancients and moderns in elo- quence, that even Demofthenes and Tully mfght tremble for the rank they had for fo many ages "'in ■:■ *■ W it; . I; ■•■;i i ■v]l" 'i ■ '1 [ 64 ] ages enjoyed in the univerfal opinion ? His an- fwer was as follows : . \ » 1 That though to the vulgar- fpiri ted many things he had advanced might, and doubtlefs would appear to flow from perfonal or by him much difdained motives, or, in fhort, from any motive but the real good one, he was at leafl: fo far from any malevolence to you, that no one would have been more fincerely than himfelf re- joiced at your deferving a ftatue from your countrymen, or would have more readily fub- fcribed his vote for one. That even, as it was, he thought it a Ilrain of cruelty beyond that of the moft virulent libel, for flattery, thus to hold you up for a mark to the index-finger of deri- fion, in the comparifon of you to thofe two ora- tors. As to their eloquence, which, by the by, was fatal to themfelves, and, though well meant, of little fervice to their refpedlive countries, that were too far gone in their vergency to flavery and ruin, thofe two great men juftified the high reputation of k by a thorough knowledge of the fubjefts on which they exercifed it. The copious flow of their eloquence was owing to ' s their t 65 1 their unbounded acquifitions of matter applicable to each purpofe; they were not, by the fcantinefs ^■ of their ideas, confined to ring the chjnges on a ^t; few fonorous cant- words, fuch as compofe the :;= whole of the modern patriot-didionary . Neither ; , • of them was over-famous for modcfty, and yet -j neither of them had fohigh an opinion of hir tio^vf ^ s j of rhetoric, or fo low a one of his counirymen, as> it within a very little fpace of time ro iay and un- &; fay, again fay and unfay the faiiift th?'ig3., tc- ' fore the very fame aflembly, without rlie; fnadow ^f ;i of a reafon for a ficklcnefs, which could furcly f| never have given a very favor:.b?e idea of their f capacity. Mafters of a flow of feiife and expref- fion conftandy at hand, they did not (land in need of the excitation of coniradi6tion to deftind J^! their fpeeches from the languor of infigniFxcancc, and even from the torpor of dulnefs : they did not, like eledlrical machines, require to oe rub- bed and chafed, before th^y could produce their fire. If invedlive indeed iay in their way, none could acquli themfelves of it with more energy, and that ' | is certainly not the fhining part of their charac- ter, but they never laid cut for it; fcolding, they | .1 could not but be fenfible, was mere- liable to be i.i ;i, I f r ■I '^3 I lausihed [ 66 -] laughed at, than likely to be admired. They laid little or no ftrefs upon that fublime art of accufation by negatives, or rather by implicitly affirming of another fomething which is denied of one's felf or of others. Befides this method be- ing herein moft humbly borrowed, take for ex- amples : To a Scotchman, *« I never was in the ** highlands of- Scotland " — To one educated at a Roman Catholic college who had embraced Proteilantifm, " I never was bred at St.Omer's." — " I did not do th's, I did not do that/* An overwhelming figure this of fpeech j much, and with equal dignity, in ufe amongft drabs in alleys, v/hen, to evade the penalty of fcandal dired:, they oratorially clap their hands and cry out, " I was never kifled upon a bulk ! — I ne- *' ver cuckolded my hufband, not I ! " — and the like cunning innuendoes. Thofe men of real merit made orations of- bufinefs, and not a bufinefs of orations. Points of ftate were the objcfts of their folid difcuflion ; not like our modern fpeech-makers, who have inverted the poet's boaft with relation to his tunefut art ; fince they have turned theirs from things to founds^ f 67 ] fipm the heart to fancy f. Thofe ancient orators never confidered the pomp of phrafeology, the cadence of periods, the employment of metaphors and figures, but as the trimmings and garniture of eloquence, not as the art itfelf ; which art in- deed they no more are, than rarec- (how- reviews or theatrical camps are the art of war ; for which however they have fometimes been miftaken. That, as to himfelf, he had lived to fee admi- ration grown fo cheap as to be thrown away on a miftake of vehemence for fincerity, of ipfe^^ dixit^s for reafons, of petulance for true Ipirit, and of intemperance of tongue for the genuine oratorial flow. That he had lived to fee the corruption of the old manly Britifh eloquence, which confifted in the energy of found fenfc, conveyed in plain but expreffive words, and ter- rible as Phocyon*s ax to the luxuriant flowers of rhetoric j but now, fince the making a trade of it, degenerated into a kind of Africanifm, I 1 it y ■!■ t That urgM by thee, I turn'd the tuneful art From founds to things, from fancy to the heart. Pope's Epift. to L. Bolingbroke, 1 2 ■with •" [ 68 ] I with all its charafters of heat, impctuofity, bounce, turgidity, amplification, and empti- i?efs ; figured fire- works, and rivers of froth, > Here your admirer fhrugged up his (houlders, as if, in pity of this captious caviller's tafle, or fpleen ; and faid, that though he denied you fo much, he could not think that he would not grant, that at leaft you meant well to your [; country, ; *' I grant it with all my heart, anfwered the. other i but then you muft grant too, that your • ^^8S^"g that queftion.is in fadl giving your hero up. If all his mighty merit is to fhrink up at lafl to the point of well-meaning, v/hat is there in that which he will not have in common with [ thoufands, or rather millions, of others of his honeft countrymen, who however would look very filly, if they were to put in for the miniftry without more pretentions than what that well- "neaning alone implies, though no pretentions indeed fignify without it ? In times like thefe, when the naxion, under your favorite m r*s driving, has borrowed fo much upon the preci- t 69 ] pice, that it muft be a prodigy to fave her from her downfal, is that prodigy, can you think, to be looked for in jvell-meaning alone, efpecially in the man who has the moft contri- buted to bring her into this fituation, whilft he was all the time aflfuring her that fhe was in the high road of profperity ? If after all then, the nation is now to be told, that all his vir- tues, by the opinion of which fhe fees herfelf fe- duced into a wretched plunge, are to be fum- med up in the fmgle expreflion of that well- meaning which is to (land for them all, might Ihe not with propriety cry out, ,. , ^ ; " Curfe on his virtues ! thefve undone his country,''*' Certainly fuch a plea, in extenuation, as that of his well-meaning, would, in the prefent cafe, found not much better, than if a man having ruined his country, himfelf or friends Ihould plead that his heart was right, but that he had not a head to lofe. The plea too would be re- ceivable in all humanity, and even in equity, in bar of any penalty 5 bur would certainly be a very bad one, for making or continuing a man a mi- rifter : and that fuch a man fhould be of confe- ' ' quence 4.^ '■t ■, I. f ■I 'if IH'l 43 [ 70 V quence enough to ruin a nation, would be no wonder ; fmce it adtually feems as if Providence, to mortify the pride of man, had abandoned the greateft events to the mereft trifles ; infomuch that fometimes fuch a perfon fhould have it in his power to do his country irreparable damage, whofe fervice, beyond his ridding the common office-forms, had never been, at the higheft va- luation, worth half a crown a-year to it." *^ At this rate, fald your ever- zealous adhe- rent, you will grani. this great man no merit at all ? You would reduce him to the clafs of the mod ordinary beings amongft mankind." , *' Far be fuch a thought from me, anfwered his opponent, independently of ite not being in the power of any thing I could fay, or even perhaps of truth herfelf, to difplume him. What I leave him is ftill more than what I would take from him, nor that but with all the reluctance of hu- manity, forced by fuperior confiderations of the public good into the feverity of examination. I grant him, you fee, purity of morals ; I do not even deny him a difmtereftednefs which, with my unafFedled regard for truth, I fliould be very forry •»♦!. tQ 'P C 7^ 3 to fay I allowed to any of thofe who commonty ;pafs foi his competitors for power. But though undoubtedly no one can be a truly great ftatefman, without being at the fame time a good man j it does not at all follow, that a good man may not be an execrable minifter. The admitting, there- fore, forne moral virtues in the perfonage you admire, does not in the leall imply the exclufion i of difqualifications for power, which may co- | exift with them, and as probably defeat the good effedl of them, as the continental meafures will that of the national ones. There is more danger % yet in thole diiqualifications, when the faults f which conftitute them become epidemical -, when | a nation lays down her own permanent charafler of folid fenfe and judgment, to take up that of a man of power for the time being, who carries into the adminiftration of affairs his own wild * imagination, with all the pernicious paflions and $ weaknefTes conftitutional to himfelf; in which | cafe it may well be faid that private faults are ;|j public calamities. The truth is, that nations 'I i have been too often feen to model themfelves il upon the perfonal charader of thofe who have taken the lead of government in tbem. I • ' liave l:i m 1 I ffli t 72 3 have myfelf (continued he) feen the mafs of people in the reign of a minifter, who was even barefacedly the miflionary of corruption, form herfelf upon his dodrine and pradtice fo thoroughly, that under him, and under one of his pupils who fucceeded him, the fliame feemed to be to him who was not corrupted. I have feen again the fame people, without however their renouncing any thing in the leaft of that corruption, additionally adopt, under another minifter, not only his political Quixotry and ro- domont-airs, but the grofleft of his inconfiftcn- cies. And after all (continues he), for what is it that you would have me admire your hero ? Is it for his exemplary fteadinefs ? Is it for his intre- pidity in out- braving where he cannot outrea- fon ? Is it for his abhorrence of arrogance ? or, if you rather pleafe, for his fupreme modefty ? Is in for that dale harlotry of patriotifm, his grimaces and coying it with thofe offers for which he had laid out, and in which his fuccefs was originally more owing to his powers (if thwarting and annoying, than to any opinion of his ability as a ftatefman, or of his fincerity as a patriot ? is it for his grateful treatment of the public [ 73 ] . public in his making of its good opinion of hint ' a mounting-block, which, on his firft defertion, he fpurned the moment he v/as in the faddle, and on his fecond, worfe than fpurned, fince he laid his account with keeping it, after he had thus repeatedly and palpably forfeited it ? Is it his confummatenefs in bufinefs, of the flile of which his being as great a mafter as he is of the fub- ftance, appears from thofe ever- memorable fecret 'inftruflions, in the pure Hurlothrumbo-flrain, fo decently, and no doubt fo warrantably publiflied with his majefly's title> gutted of its vowels, prefixed to them ? Did he ever do himfelf the honor, and confequently the fervice, of mani- fefting any elTentia] regard for excellence in arts or fciences •, or rather, could ever any Goth, Van- dal, or modern Lord, give himfelf the air of a more fierce contempt for that fort of merit, though the oratorial art neceffarily fuppofes a connexion in fome degree with them all ? fo that to excufe him what could be faid, but that neither by his fpeeches nor writings it Hiduld feem that he had benefited enough by them, for him to owe them any great matter of gratitude ? Was it alfo a proof of his tendernefs for learning, his i ^i m --Vi £ attempt [ 74 ] attempt to faften an odious imputation on one of the head feats of it, in a mod puerile flight of exprefTion -, Nvhich, it is faid, he would have afterwards retracled, with as much meanncfs as he had uttered it with indifcretion, if fuch a fa- tisfadion could have fignified from one to whom retradlations are fo familiar that they feem to coft him nothing? Did he, on his acccITion to power, fo much as propofe or aim at any thing that looked like great ? Did any part of his con- duct carry with it the mark of apolitical genius, or vadnefs of juft views ? Did he apply any remedy, unlefs ths aggravation of a caufe of complaint may be called a remedy, to that moft crying na- tional evil againft which who had exclaimed more than himfelf ? Did he then employ him- felf to Ihutupthat ever gaping continental gulph, which in fcarce half a century had fwallowed fo many millions, that one would have thought the nation had driven on a trade with the whole globe, to no earthly purpofe but that of fa- crificing the profits of it to German cravingnefs, and all fo much in vain too! Or rather, has he not flung more money, more men, more national ho- nor, down that fame bottomlefs abyfs, as if he '~'V ■ meant ,*. . . t 75 ] . meant to make a quick difpatch, and to hurry the nation from a flow, into a galloping con- flimption ? Has he humbled France by fixing inherintereft the ancient, and now.d-^ulled aUies of Britain, or by taking frqm her nothing but what the (Irength fhe is actually gathering on the continent, through Britain's blunders, Vv'ill moll probably foon enable her to regain ? In fliort, to fum up all in one quellion. What has this great man done for a nation which had put ic into his power to do fo much ? " 1. I ' This laft challenge your adherent anfwered in the beginning brillcly, but rather flagged to- wards the end, as if himfelf had not been awarie of his having no more atchievements of yours to recount in full of all the expecElations you had raifed. I need not however fpecify them to you ; they cannot well be unknown to yourfclf, and, God knows, the catalogue of them was not a very long one. Befides, you have at hand nau- feous flatterers enough, thole v/orft of enemies, to magnify them to yourfelf and to the public j but it is by v/hat is faid againfl you that you mufl: profit. I am to tell you then, that the K 2 ' ' man 'M 3 [ 76 ] man 6f contradidion ftiffly denied your having any merit in the redu6lion of Cape-Breton •> all the honor of the projection of which, as well as of the laudable, if fufficient, fup- plies to America, he gave to the people's own good fenfe ; which, long before your lafl: promotion to power, they had declared with fo united, and fo loud a voice, that it would not have been very politic, nor indeed very fafe^ for any minifter not to have given way to the execution of fuch well- recommended national meafures; which however, are likely to be more than blanked your by continental ones. It would furely have appeared too glaring a par- tiality to have done every thing for Hanover, and, at the fame time, nothing for Britain j though indeed, as things are balanced, the do- ing of nothing might not perhaps have been worfe in the end. Trade, it is faid, has been greatly protedled. It has fo ; and it was fit it fliould be fo ; or from what would the Six-and- thirties have come to be fent over to Germany, when fo few of them will probably revifit the Bri- ti(h fliore ? But let any one imagine to himfelf '. , what \ « .* I n ] what a difFerence it would have made to Britain, if the millions upon millions, either in every fenfe ruinoufly fent abroad, or fcandaloufly fquandered away at home in bribing an acquief- cence in their being fent, had been appropriated to the nation's own fervice and intereft. What decifive operations in war might not have been produced by thofe fums which have been palpa- bly worfc than thrown av;ay ? Suppofe them but applied to the improvement of the Briti'fll colonies in America, whence, moit probably, every fixpence would have ultimatey re -circula- ted into their mother country, after having done infinite good there, in enabling them to free themfelves from any future fear of the French, or in creating and eftablifhing there new funds, and new channels of augmentation of wealth ; would not even that application of the public; treafure have turned to rather a better account than pampering foreign dominions to the de- ftrudlion of thofe dominions, as animals are fat- tened till they are worth their flaughter ? Or bf whom could fuch meafures be with more juftnefs deplored than by thofe who are the moft fincere- ly attached to the houfe of Hanover ? Whom could 'A r 78 1 •■ • could fuch meafures more rejoice than the ene- mies of that houfe, and efpecially the French, againft whom it is pleaded they have been level- led ? If thofe meafures favor the interefls of dif- affedlion, and of the Pretender, whofe fault is that ? Is it the fault of thofe who ever blamed and openly deteft thofe meafures, or of thofe who have promoted or connived at them ? To which of the two fides will common fenfe attri- iDiite true love of king and country ? Should a predominant Hanoverian fadlion, with all its moft unnatural adherents and fatellits of power, have the front to attack the freedom of a Britifh fubjedl's giving his opinion in favor of his own country, and even in favor of Hmover itfelf, againft meafures which have been already fo pernicious to both, and threaten to be yet mvore &) ', what could that infer but a ranknefs of com- plaifance, in yielding that Hanover fhould not be contented with facrifices to it of the whole na- tion from the court, but it mud alfo exa6b vic- tims of individuals from the law ? In Ihort, if fuch meafures could be fuppofed, what crime could there be in a Briton, to Britain or her fo- ii ii\ vereign, [ n y vereign, but that of not oppofing or faying enough againft them ? Your admirer then faid, that he hoped no one would deny, that the fituation of affairs in Britain was now fo critical, that to attempt the depriving a real defender of this country of that confidence, which alone can enable him to defend it, mufl: be a crime which could hardly deferve too great a difcountenance, or too fevere an animad- verfion. v. . ; ' ^ : '' " There is ftill a greater crime than that (anfwered his opponent) and that is, a paffive acquiefcence in the nation's reliance, at fuch a time, on an imaginary defender ; which is what the Arabs fo emphatically call leaning on a wave, in the height of a ftorm. Who that realFy loves his country can, without exclamations of grief, fee her infatuately betrayed into a dependence, in fuch a crifis, on a fupport fo unequal to the Itrefs ? a dependence, which mud at once in- creafe her danger, and mod certainly her diflio- nor ; if but for her being capable of fuch a choice ? Bcfides that in her prefcnt circumftan- ces. <^^- .<* k'^J [ 80 j ces, fome adv^ance it is towards her fafety tcr know whom flie is not to truft ; fome gain it is to lofe a vain hope. The public cannot but plainly fee, plainly feel, that the lituation of things is fuch as to difpenfe from all (landing upon ceremony in the reprefentation of truths, the proceeding upon the fenfe of which muft fave the nation from finking, if any thing can. It was never yet, in Britain at leaft, high trea- fon to doubt of a minifter's capacity ; but when there is no longer reafon to doubt of it at all, and the confequence expe6ted is an imminent cata- ftrophe, he muft be a defaulter to his country in her greateft exigency, and even an accomplice in her ruin, who would remain an unadlive or filent (pedator. If any thing faid againft your hero fliould be falfe. calumnious, or only the eiFe6t of party-fpirit, of malice, or of any other vile motive, ic will fall to the ground of itfelf ; the great Burleigh was libelled, the faithful Sully called Sejanus, in vain. There is nothing but truth that can make lafting impreflions, or dc- ferve to make any at all. But for a truth which has in the leaft an air of ill-nature, or of detrac- tion, tod^^'"ve the being received at all, it is not ... ' enough \ . / \ { \ \ f 8i ] enough for It to be only what it is, truth •, but the manifeftation of it fhould ahb be indifpenfa- bly neceflary to the fervice of the public : and then, indeed, the guilt would be to fupprefs it, or to have any fear but that of difpleafing thofe whom only it can difpleafe. In the .nean time, whatever becomes of your real defender of the nation, as you call him, the nation would not have to tremble, but for the confequences of her not lofmg him. Surely in a country fo great, fo refpedable, as the Britifh one, there cannot be fuch a fcarcity of capable fubjedls as to afford no neutrals of rank, of property, of influence, of abilities, men above any attachment or fubfer- viency, but to the clear interefts of the nation ; men uninfeded, in (hort, with that infamous party-fpirit which is fo great an enemy to truth and to the public welfare. Such charaders could not at this time be fufpec^ed of ambition, or felfifli views, in their acceptance of offices in the (late. There can be little temptation to a fcramble for power or intereft in a country which mofl probably will ere long have neither power nor intereft for herfelf, if meafures are notefieflually changed, and that right foon. But i» no fuch per- fons are to be found, if the fpirit of patriotifm and L common ( i/! [ 82 ] common fenfe are entirely departed, then indeed it is over with the nation •, the nation herfelf is dead, and does not know it ; and what remains but to befpeak a general mourning for her ? ".- *: f Here this ftrange man ended, and here I con- clude this long letter; for any oratorial flrain in which, there cannot, confidering the fubjed, need any apology. But, for your fatisfaftion,. I fhali juft add, that I never thought of you but as I ftill continue to do : I believe, juft as much as ever I did, that you are the man on whom your country is to depend. You have thoroughly confirmed my judgment of you, from the firft notice I took of you ; and I am, with all due re- gard, • .:: : : . /- . - R, ■ • • ■ ' From the Shades, the 2d of . ; .' '. V June 1759, according to your coiiiputation of time. Your's, &c, :.> *• \ t } v./ I - .■ • '• ■■t" it'*'' *-^ ' > ,A I C. ?ri. } / v. > 1. './ \ I .) '/ f B K S printed for and fold by S. Hooper, at „ Cefar'j Head, ^corneT New-Churcb, ^ Strand. I'-H I. npHE Hiftory of the Marchionefs dc •*" Pompadour. In two vols. 2d edit. Price 2S. 6 d. . .. k„ h .'"'v r" - II. The Tefl, founded upon true Whiggifli principles, complete. . > . ; / • i; ; . " . » Non fepleuda eft cuna VerUs—^ ■ Promde ton a eloqido Solitum tihi, Virgil. Price bound 7 s. 6 d. ■- n r ■ kk: III. 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