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OFFICIAL OPENING 
 
 OF TUB 
 
 NEYS^ BUIIvDINOS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Medical Faculty of McGill University 
 
 8TH JANUARY, 1895. 
 
 BY THE VISITOR 
 
 HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL 
 
 The Earl ok Abertdeen 
 
 MONTREAL : 
 
 Printed by the Gazette Printing Company, 
 
 1895. 
 
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 1872 
 
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OFFICIAL OPFNING 
 
 OK THK 
 
 NKVV BUIlvUlNOS 
 
 OK THK 
 
 MEDICAL FACULTY OF MCQILL UNIVERSITY 
 
 BY THE VISITOR 
 
 HIS KXCELLENCY THK (JOVERNOR-GENERAL 
 
 THE EARL <JK ABERUEEN 
 
 The formal opcniiifj of the Now Buildings of th(! Medical 
 Faculty of McClill University took place on the Nth of Jan- 
 uary, 1(S95. I'he Ceremony, which was held in Lecture Rt)om 
 No. 3, was presided over by Vice-Royalty. The attendance 
 was very large, including a gieat number of the leading 
 citizens of Montreal and the rurrouuding country. Many 
 Medical Men from the city and different parts were also 
 present. At 2.45 p.m. the Governor-General and Lady 
 Aberdeen, accompanied by Captain Urquhart, A.D.C., and 
 Mr. Hewitt, His Excellency's Private Secretary, arrived and 
 were received by the Vice-Principal, the Dean and Members 
 of the Faculty in the Library. From here a move was at 
 once made for the large Lecture Room, and the proceedings 
 began by His Excellency, who as Visitor to the University 
 
proai(l('(l, callinjjf upon tin- Kev. Dr. ('oniisli to optai with 
 
 prayt'f. 
 
 TiiK ukan's addkkss. 
 
 Dr. Cmik. Dtiui nt* tin- Kaculty <>l' Mrdicinc, then delivor- 
 cd tlu^ following' Atldrt's.s mi the History of the Faculty 
 t'rotii its liofjjinning in 1824 up to th(i present time: 
 
 Your Kxct'llencies, {lovernors, Vice-priueipal, Fellows of 
 Coi'|)oration, Professors, (iraihiates, Uiider^^raduates, Ladies 
 and Oentlenien, ft is with a feelint^ of pleasiire, anunint- 
 \\\vf almost to exultation, that T rise as the Uepresentativo 
 of the Faculty of Medicint^ of Mc(»ill University, to 
 welcome you as friends conu^ to rejoice with us, at the com- 
 pletion and openiuL,' of our new and enlarjifed Buildings. 
 To you, my Lord, and to Her Excellency tlu' (yoiintess of 
 AherdtMin, wc would he»^ to ofiei" a special and a gi-ateful 
 welcome, inasnuich as you have been graciously j)leased to 
 honour us hy your presence. We recognize in this act of 
 kindness, another proof of that large-hearted sympathy, 
 which has causcv' ^^our Exc<>llencies to interest yourselves 
 in .so many phases of (Canadian life, and which has won for 
 you tlu^ love and respect of a loyal Canadian people. 
 
 And this is an occasion on which it is fitting that we 
 slionid rejoice. It is cause for gladness, that the progress of 
 our Faculty has been such as to make enlargement of our 
 buildings an absolute necessity ; and it is no less a cause for 
 gladness, that, when the necessity for increased accommo- 
 dation was actually barring our further advance, the 
 barrier has been removed and our on' .ard progress again 
 made possible. 
 
 There is much in the hi.story and progress of a School 
 or University, which may not inaptly be compared to 
 the life of an individual. There is a period of compara- 
 tively helpless infancy in both ; and if this peri(jd be 
 survived, it is likely to be followed by one of growth 
 and development, leading, under favoui'able conditions, to 
 a more or less vigoui'ous maturity, and to a long career of 
 activity and usefulness. But there is also a reverse side 
 
to tin' pictiirr. 'I']),. Institiitimi, likr tlir iiiili\ iilinil, niiiv 
 <lir ill its iiii'iuicy from iiili.'it'iit wi'iikiicss, i'nmi injinv or 
 from ii(';L;lcet ; or it iiiiiy iWiv^ on i\ty a time u rr.-ldc exist 
 t'licc, till it ultimiitrjy tlics from coiitiiiutMl stress of eiroiim- 
 stuiiccs, or from tlic liahitiiul iir^^lfct or i;,nioriiiico of tin- 
 laws of lift! and liraltli, wliicli npply no less to institutions 
 than to living men and women. Let us sec liow far the 
 picture will servt; to illustrate tlit history and progress of 
 our own School. 
 
 Soon after the opening of the old Montreal (General 
 Hospital in |,S22, more than seventy years ago; four 
 of its attending physicians, Drs. Rohertson, 'Jaldwell, 
 Holmes and Stei)hens()n, all of them graduates of Kdin- 
 hurgh University, l)eing imi)resse(l with the necessity 
 for providing medical instruction in this countrv, for 
 students who might Hnd it iiupcjssihle to seek their edu- 
 cation abroad; took steps to establish a Medical School 
 in Montreal, after the model of the M« «Iical Department of 
 the University of Edinburgh, and bearing the same rela- 
 tion to the Montreal General Hospital in its clinical work 
 as that of the Edinburgh Medical School to its Royal In- 
 firmary. 
 
 After negotiations continued through 1S22 and 1.S2.S, 
 the School was successfully t)rganized under the name of 
 the " Montreal Medical Institution," and in the autunni of 
 1824, it commenced its active work, in a small wooden 
 building then standing on Place d'Armes, on what is now 
 the site of the Bank of Montreal. The number of students 
 during the first session was 25, and the whole of the work 
 of teaching was done by the four men whose names I have 
 already mentioned ; the departments of Anatomy, Physi- 
 ology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Practice of Physic, Midwifery 
 and Disea.ses of Women and Children, Materia Medica, Sur- 
 gery and Botany being dividcfl as evenly as possible among 
 them. The name of Dr. Loedel was at first associated with 
 the others as Lecturer on Materia Medica, succeeded after a 
 few years by that of Dr. Lyons, but neither of these 
 gentlemen seems to have taken any active part in tlie work. 
 
6 
 
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 Bui tlie nv(ln()us and responsible work was not only done 
 l»v the otlier i'our men, l»nt it was well done ; so well that 
 it received official i-<>co<jjnition at Edinlairyli, two of its 
 sessions conntinn' for one, hut t^ivin'j: it, nevei-theless, a 
 status as onv. of the ])ublicly recognized Medical Schools of 
 the day. 
 
 The work of the Schrol thus hegun in 1824, was con- 
 tinued unil 1S2S with scarcely any chan<i;e ; the estab- 
 lishment of a French School of Medicine in the interval, 
 having' drawn away a nund)er of students and prevented 
 the anticipated increase. The average attendance for the 
 first five years was harely 2(!, or only one more than in the 
 opening year. This result was disa])pointing and dis- 
 coui'aging, and, with less resolute men at its head, the 
 Monti'eal Medical Inscitution would prol)al)ly have died 
 and l)een forgotten. But it did not die, and it has 
 not l)een forgotten. Not only did it continue to live, 
 thoujih under another name, l»ut it was instrun!or>tal in 
 pre,sei'ving the life of its future foster mother, the Univer- 
 s'ty of McGill (College, which was then in innninent danger 
 of being strangled, almost at its l)irth, by adverse litiga- 
 tion. 
 
 It had become neces,sary that the University should 
 assume active teaching functions within a certain date, 
 then fast approaching, in (U-der to secure its McUill endow- 
 ment ; and being unable to provide the necessary start" of 
 teachers in the other Faculties, the sti'Ufwlinjj Medical In- 
 stitution was asked, and gladly consented, to join the 
 University as its Facidty of Medicine, and the crisis in the 
 life of the University was tlius successfully tided over. 
 
 The .session of 1(S29-.S0 was the fir.st under tiie new condi- 
 tions, and it opened with 80 students. Its material 
 resources, however, were not in any way increasi.'d, and for 
 the next ten yeai's its condition was, if anything, worse 
 than before; liut it was now the Faculty of Medicine of a 
 University, acting by authority of a Royal Charter, and its 
 battles were afterwards to be foua;ht under its banner. 
 
This was lu) mean jidvantairc It- (rave prrstiL'i' ami 
 courage to inuii who must othci-wist- have Itct'H worn out in 
 a hojH'k'ss struj4';j;h; ; and ^fivc distinction to thi^ ivsults of 
 their laltours hy enablinij them to [)i'ocure for ihcir success- 
 ful students, the honour of a University J)e,i,nve. 
 
 T!'." political troubles which culminated in the liehellion 
 of 1(S-S7-8!J, had at that time begun to disturb the com- 
 numity, and interfered considerably with the progress of 
 tlie School. It was obliged to close its doors from l(S.36 to 
 IM^J), until the political storm had blown over; reopening 
 its. classes in l(S;i9-40 with an attendance of 2<S, a nund)ei" 
 actually less \)y 2, than when its connection with the 
 University began ten years Ixjfore. 
 
 Otlier changes soc^n followed the joining of the School to 
 the University. Edinburgli at once accepted the Certifi- 
 cates of the Faculty on their face value at par, and the 
 other British Sciiools almost innnediately followed its lead. 
 
 In IKi'S the first break in the ranks of the four veteran 
 leaders occurred, by the death of Dr. Caldwell from fever. 
 The gap was temporarily filled by the appointment of Dr 
 Racey, and on his remcjval to Quebec in 1(S85, the late Drs. 
 George W. Campbell and Archibald Hall were added to 
 the staff", the former Lecturing tm Surgery and Midwifery, 
 and the latter on Materia Medica. 
 
 It was not until the ses.sion of 1841-42 that the real 
 grow^th of the Schv)ol began, when it opened with l][) 
 students ; and it is o-ratifviniii; to know that three out of the 
 four original founders, had the satisfaction of realizing it ; 
 for before the beuinnino- of another session, two more of 
 them had fallen in the struggle. Dr. Stephenson died in 
 1842, and Dr. Robertson's health gave way to such a degree 
 as to necessitate his retirement from active duty, his death 
 occurring in 1844. 
 
 The filling of the.se vacancies in 18-^2 led to extensive 
 changes in the Faculty, with a redistribution of Lecture- 
 ships, amounting almost to a reorganization. Dr. Holmes 
 took Practice of Physic and Dr. Hall took Chemistry, 
 

 I 
 
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 it 
 
 1 1 
 
 while tlierc were br()n<rlit into the Faculty, Dr. McCJul- 
 loch ill Midwifery, ])r. Bruneau in Anatomy, and Dr. 
 Sewell in Physiolojuy and Matei'ia Mediea. In 1(S45 Dr. U. 
 L. MaeDojnu'U was hrought in, to preside over the new 
 department of Institutes of Medicine ; Dr. Fraser to take 
 charge of the new department of Medical Jurisprudence ; 
 and Dr. (Crawford to assume the duties of still another new 
 department. Clinical Medicine and Surgery. Dr. Papineau 
 was also brought in to relieve Dr. Holmes in Botany. In 
 or about this year also, Dr, Scott was appointed Demon- 
 strator of Practical Anatomy. Further extensions were 
 made in 1(S4!), when Clinical Sui'gery was separated from 
 Clinical Medicine, Dr. Crawford retaining the former, while 
 Dr. MacDonncsll assumed charge of the latter, only to be 
 replaced on his remcjval to Toronto in 1S50, by Dr. SeWell. 
 
 I have dwelt somewhat in detail upon these changes, not 
 so nmch on account of the personnel of the ajopointments ; 
 but because they serve t(j mark the growtn and develop- 
 ment of th(! Faculty, in its efforts to keep abreast, and even 
 in ailvance, of the pi'ogress of Medical Education on this 
 continent. 
 
 But the growth and development of the School, was 
 not only in the direction of the increase in the number 
 of teachei's, or of the subjects taught; but also in the addi- 
 tional time devoted t(j the preparatiiai of the students. 
 Almost from thi' beginning, the sessions were made six 
 months' sessions, instead ot sessions of four and a half 
 months ; antl almost, also, from the beginning, the obligatory 
 course of stu<ly, was changed to four years instead of three; 
 and in this way the Faculty succeeded in establishing a 
 reputatit)n for thoroughness, which has stood it in good 
 stead up to the present day. 
 
 I have already stated, that at the opening of the Medi- 
 cal Institution in 1<S24, the Lectures were delivered in a 
 wooden build ug on the site of the present Bank of 
 Montreal. S' me time afterwards, the School was re- 
 moved to a brick building, still standing, on St. George 
 
9 
 
 street near the corner of Crai<^. In or aV)out 1845, the 
 Faculty took possession of (juarters in tlie Central Build- 
 ing of the University, n(nv occupied by the Faculty of 
 Arts, and continued to occupy these pi'eniises, until its re- 
 moval to Cote street in 1(S51. Of the precise dates of the 
 removals to St. (ieorge street and to the University Build- 
 ings, I am not as yet, in a position to speak with certainty ; 
 foi' tlic t'arly records of the School and Faculty, are not as 
 complete in detail as they might have heen ; Imt the dates 
 of the appointments and otlua' changes, as I have given 
 them, are from the records, and may, I tliink, he r(;lied 
 upon. Of the dat(>s and changes after 1(S50, I can speak 
 with confidence frt)m pers(;nal knowledge, for my connec- 
 with the Faculty began, as a student, in that year, and has 
 continued almost without interruption, until the present 
 time. 
 
 Up to 1850, tlie increase in the number of students had 
 not lieen great. Commencing in 1824-25 with 25 students, 
 the number, after twenty-tive years, in 1849-50, was only 
 44, an increase of less than (me in each year. From this 
 time, however, the reorganized and strengthened depai't- 
 m(.'nts, began to attract more students, and the session of 
 1850-51 opened with 58. 
 
 In 1851, the St. Lawrenc(^ School of Medicnie was started, 
 in opposition to our Medical Faculty. It had a strong stati' 
 of teachers, and its class-rooms were in the heart of the 
 city. As the University Buildings were at that time, — more 
 than forty-three years ago, — thought to be rather remote 
 from the centre of the city ; it was feared that the more 
 central position of the new School, would place our Faculty 
 at a disadvantage ; and after careful consideration, it was 
 decided to move the classes once more back to the city. As 
 no University funds were available to assist in this matter, 
 three members of the Faculty, themselves advanced the 
 money ; and a substantial lu'ick Building v.'as . ""pted in Cote 
 street, in time for the session of 1851-52, where the classes 
 opened with 04 students. 
 
10 
 
 This Ruilflino-, wliich is still standin^^ in Coto street, 
 served the purposes of tiu! Faculty for tvveuty-our years ; 
 and in it ocenrred many of the ehauii^es and niuch of 
 the progress, vvhieh have left their inai-lc npon the his- 
 tory of the Faeulty. It was here that, in l(S52, all the 
 Lecturers in tlie Faculty were promoted to the rank of 
 Professors, Dr. Holmes nlone havin^- pivvionsly, [ believe 
 in LS4..S, been appointed the sole Professor, it was here 
 also that, in 1(S54, Dr. Holmes was made Dean, the first 
 in conn(>ction with the Faculty. Here also we had the 
 happiness of niceiving amongst us, as Pi'ofessoi' of Botany 
 and Zoology, our nuich \o\-vA and gifted Principal, Sir 
 William Dawson, now retired, to whos(i j^reat ability, '/xii\ 
 and untiring industry, tlu^ University, in all its departments, 
 owes so much. Hei'e in 1(S54, it was made optional with 
 the student, to divide his examinations into Primary and 
 Final, and here also, a department of Practical Chemistry 
 under Dr. (lirdwood, was established in 1(S7(), though it 
 was not for some years later, that a Faculty Chemical 
 Laboratory was provided. Eio-e also in 1S70, an ()])tional 
 Summer Session of tlu-et^ months was establishe<l, and in 
 1871 an optional coui'se in Hyg^iene and PuV)lic Health, 
 under the late Dr. George Ro.ss, which was converted 
 into a Professorship under Dr. Godfrey in 1<S75. During 
 the twenty-one years of the occupancy of the Cote street 
 Building', the number of students increased fron\ ()4 in 
 1851-52 to 1.S9 in 1871-72: but the attendance in several 
 of the years had been above 170, and in one year, 1866-07, 
 it had reached 184. 
 
 But time will not permit me to dwell with as much of 
 detail, upon the remaining years of the hi.story of the 
 Faculty ; and I nuist content myself by referring* only to the 
 more important changes and occurrences ot the last twenty- 
 two years. 
 
 Owing to the inci-eased number of students and the ex- 
 tension of the Curiiculum, as well as to the growth of the 
 Museunj and Library ; the Building on Cote street had for 
 
11 
 
 many years bwm inconveniently crowded ; and the Faculty 
 had been casting aliout for means of aci|uii'ini;- Ui'tter ' 
 acconunodation. The oppoi-"'*' n of the St. Lawrence 
 School of Medicine had lonj^' sine ■ C(jme to an end ; indeed, 
 the School itself could scarcely be said to have been born 
 Itefore it be<^an to die ; and the lost vestiges of it had dis- 
 appeared after a fevv years. Moreover, the city had spri'ad 
 greatly in the direction of the Univer.sity Buildings ; and, 
 influenced chieH}' by the advice of Sir William Dawson, 
 the Faculty, in oi- about LSTO, applied to the Board of Gov- 
 ernors to be recei\'ed again within the precincts of the 
 College Grounds. Tlu've was at that time no available 
 building on the (JoUege Grounds, of sufficient size to accom- 
 modate our growing Faculty ; but the Governors generously 
 offered to erect and place at oui' dis])osal, a Building suitable 
 to our needs ; and theii- off'ei' being gladly accepted, the sub- 
 stantial St(me Building forming the front p(^rtion of the 
 present Block, was eircted l)y them in bS7 1 and 1 <S72, at a cost 
 of #27,000, and placed at the disposal of the Faculty. The 
 Building was unfurnished, and without equipment of any 
 kind ; but, nothing daunted, the mend)ers of the Faculty 
 proceeded to furnish an<l o(]uip it, from their own individual 
 resources, at an expense of several thousand dollars ; f\nd 
 our classes were opened in it in the autunni of 1872, with 
 an attendance of 154. 
 
 Dr. Fraser, Professor of Institutes of M(Klicine, died in 
 1872, and Professor Drake, who had occupied the Chair of 
 Clinical Medicine since 1868, was transferred to the Chair 
 of Institutes of Medicine ; a position which he filled with 
 eminent ability. In 1874, owing to the failure of the 
 health of Professor Drake, the position of Lecturer on Insti- 
 tutes of Medicine, was conferred upon Dr. William Osier, 
 one of our own graduates ; then jnst returned from a two 
 years' .sojourn among the great Schools and Laboratories of 
 Europe ; and in 1875, on the permanent retirement of Pro- 
 fessor Drake, Dr. Osier was promoted to the vacant Chaii'. 
 The assumption by Dr. Osier, of the duties of the depart- 
 
12 
 
 iiient of Institutes of Medicine, was immediately followed 
 l)y actives Laboratory work in Physiolot,fy, Histology and 
 Patholoijy : and it is du'! to Professor Osier to say, that to 
 tlie contai^nons inlluenee of liis example, together with his 
 great ability and enthusiasm, is larj^ely due tiie j^reatly in- 
 creased proportion of practical work, in all departments of 
 the Faculty. 
 
 But the increase of Practical and Lahoratoiy woi-k in 
 many departments, though it added g^reatly to the efficiency 
 of the teaching, addi^d also oreatly to our expenditure ; 
 and we soon began to find ourseKes crippled for means 
 to cany on the wo)'k ; and to add to our emban-assments, 
 in LSS2, we suffered what seemed to be an irrepaivibh; loss, 
 by the death of our Dean, the late J)r. (Jeorge \V. Campbell ; 
 whose great inffuence and ability, for upwards of forty 
 yeai's, had been the mainstay of the Faculty. 
 
 But the darkest houi' is often just before the (hivvn ; and 
 while our Chancellor, Sir Donald A Smith, was listening to 
 a eulogy on his lat(^ friend Dr. Campbell, an<l a recital of 
 our needs, by the late l)v. Howard, he re.solve<l t(j come to 
 our rescue in a most effectual way. He offered to confer 
 upon the Faculty no less a sum than !if5(),000, on con- 
 dition that a like sum should be collected from other 
 friends of the University. I need not say with what 
 alacrity we set about the codection of the stipidated sum, 
 nor with what readiness and liberality we were met by 
 many of our citizens ; nor need I allude to the liberal con- 
 tributions given ly nearly every member of the Faculty. 
 It is sufficiiiut to .say that the amount was soon collected 
 an<l paid : Sir Donald's contril)ution was also paid over, 
 and in 1(S«8, the Faculty found itself relieved from its 
 embarrassments, ])y a handsome Endownment of SIOO.OOO. 
 
 But our tronlilcs were not ended, if, indeed, in .some re- 
 spects, th'jy can ever be expected to end. Our session open- 
 erlin ISS.'J with 'iOO students : and with the increased space 
 rendered neeessaiy by the enlargement of our Labt)ratories, 
 our Buildinu' was full to overff(jwin<i\ In 1884 the number 
 
13 
 
 of students increased to 227 ; an<l it V..caiue necessary tliere- 
 t'oi-e, to make immediate provision for incnsased accommo- 
 dation. Tlu! Governors were, unfortnnatidy, without fuiuls 
 to Iielp us, and our only alternative, tliereforc, was to draw 
 upon our Endowment for the enlarj^emtMit of our buildinjjjs. 
 ^J'his W(! did, with the consinit of the Governors, to tlu^ 
 extent of S2.S,000 ; and in the autunni of 1888, we opened 
 our session with greatly increased acconnnodation, and a 
 class of 234 students. 
 
 In 1884, we had the misfortune to lose the valuable 
 services of Professor Osier ; the University of Pennsylvania 
 -having ottered him the Chair of Clinical Medicine. This 
 otter, opened up to him so large a field for advancement in 
 his profession in every way, tiiat he was fain t(j accept it ; 
 and we parted with him with good wishes, Imt with very 
 great regret. 
 
 In 1889 the Faculty sufi'ercid another great loss in the 
 death of its Dean, the late Dr. R. Palmer Howard. Dr. 
 Howard's marked ability, untiring industry, unwavering 
 integrity and unbounded popularity with all classes, made 
 him a man who could ill be spared ; and the loss of his 
 strong personal and professional influence for good, will 
 be felt in the Faculty and in the conuuunity, until his 
 generation shall have passed away. 
 
 Two other lamentable deaths in the Faculty, followed 
 that of Dr. Howard in ((uick succession. Dr. Richard L. 
 MacDonnell, Professor of Clinical Medicine, died in 1891 ; 
 and Dr. (jleorge Ross, Professor of Medicine, and Vice- 
 Dean of the Faeulty, died in 1892. Of these two, it may 
 safely be said : that there have probably never been in the 
 Faculty, two men of greater promise or usefulness ; and 
 the loss of them, following, as it did, so closely upon that 
 of Dr. Howard, was the cause of great grief and anxiety. 
 
 The late Dr. Howard had greatly at heart, the establish- 
 ment of a Chair of Pathology, and lost no opportunity of 
 pressing its claims upon friends of the University. It was 
 not, however, until two or three years after his death, that, 
 
 3 
 
14 
 
 iM l(SJ)2,tlic Faculty sncci'Cflcd in ohtainin^- wliafc had iu'cti 
 so loll*"" (l(!sii'(Ml, l»y tli(^ a])|t()iiitiiieiit l»y the ( iovci'iiors, (tt* 
 Dr. A«laini, from ('ainliridfrc Univcu-sity, l^iii^land, to tlic 
 newly ('stal)lislit'd C'liair of Patliolo^^y. With references to 
 this appointment, it is <»nly necessary to say, that it places 
 our Faculty, at least on a par with the best Schools of this 
 continent, in this important depai-tment. 
 
 Other extensions of the Curriculum were made from time 
 to timo. Dr. Frank Buller was made Lecturer on Ophthal- 
 mology and Otology in 1(S7(S , and was promoted to the 
 rank of Professor in 1(S(S8. A Chair of (jlyna;cology was 
 also established in 18<S.S, wit!) Di-. William Cardner as its 
 first occupant : and a ])epartment of Laryngology under 
 Dr. George W. Major, was commenced in 1(S<S2, and erected 
 into a Chair in 1N98, with Dr. Maj(jr as its tir.st Profe.s.sor. 
 
 Li LS94, Summer Se.ssions were abolished, and the Ordi- 
 nary Session of six months, was changed to one of Nine 
 Calendar Months. 
 
 From IN(S4 to ISS!), the number of students remained 
 nearl\ the same, tlie number in l8(S(S-8{), beiUj^',' 227. In 
 1889-90 the number increase*! to 256 ; in 1890 91 to 261 ; 
 in 1891-92 to 291 ; and in 1892-98 the number reached 812. 
 
 We were again face to face with the old difficulty of over- 
 flowing buildings, and had again to look for the means of 
 providing increased aceonunodatioti. Our difficulties in 
 this instance, were even greater than in 1885 ; for to affi>rd 
 room for additional l)uildings, it would be necessary to pur- 
 chase the land adjoining the college property, and which 
 was valued at 1?25,000. The requii-ed new buiidings were 
 estimated to cost $80,000, making a total of $55,000 re- 
 quired to serve our purpose. We laid our case before tlie 
 Board of (jrovernors, asking them to acquire the necessary 
 land ; and to allow us to borrow from our Endowment Fund 
 the $80,000 reipiii-ed to erect the necessary buildings. 
 What was our surprise and delight, when Mr. John Henry 
 Molson, (now our senior Govei-nor), with scarcely a 
 moment's hesitation, asked to be allowed to relieve us of 
 
15 
 
 tho wholo bunion, by placinj.'- at oiii' disposal the iimiuficciit 
 sum of !ii?0O,()()(), a sum -greater hy .*#'),0()0 than tlio wlioje 
 estimated cost? 
 
 It is difficult to tiiid words fitly to eharacterize such 
 princely j^enerosity. To it we owe the erection of the Build- 
 ing in which we are now assembled, and the ground upon 
 which it stands; and to it also, we owe the comfortable accom- 
 modation of the rapidly increasing number of students ; for 
 last year the number was 850, and this yeai" it has already 
 reached 400. 
 
 It i.T matter for regret that Mr. Molson is not with us 
 to-day, to receive in person the thanks of the Faculty ; but 
 he is well represente<l by Mrs. Molson,— that part of him 
 which he himself is proud to own as his btitter half ; 
 a Lady from whom the University has also in other De- 
 partments received rich Benefactions ; and our thanks 
 could not possibly be conveyed to Mr. Molson through a 
 more welcome channel. 
 
 It remained only for our Chancellor, Sir Donald Smith, at 
 the Convocation in IHdli, with one of his many acts of mag- 
 nificent bounty, to fill our cup full to overfiowing, by the 
 endowment of the Chairs of Pathology and Hj'giene, with 
 the sum of i?50,000 each ; thus placing our Faculty, so far 
 as can be foreseen, in a position to carry on and to extend 
 its work without financial anxiety. 
 
 I fear that I have wearied my audience, by my long and 
 somewhat detailed account of the origin, the struggles, the 
 growth and the ultimate triumph of our Faculty ; but I have 
 thought that on an occasion such as this, the History should 
 be made fairly complete ; and I shall only ask of you, to 
 bear with me a minute or two longer, while I endeavour to 
 point its moral. 
 
 We may be asked, what have been the secrets of our suc- 
 cess ? There have been no secrets. We have succeeded, 
 because we have tried to deservi' and to achieve success ; 
 and wh(m taxed beyond our powers, well tried friends have 
 helped us ; and we have been guided by those principles, 
 
It) 
 
 which slioulfl 111 ways {'oimniiiKl success in every worthy 
 eiit('i'|»rise. We have, with honest j)ur|)(»se, tiii<(Mi lulvaii- 
 tii;^e of such circunistnnces, us were usel'Ml and necessary in 
 our work. 'I'he hiri^c field for clinical work and ohserva- 
 tion, which our school has enJoye<l since its coinniencenient, 
 in the wards of tlu^ Montreal (Jeneral Hospital, has heen an 
 important factoi" in our success ; and supplemented, as it 
 now is, hy an equally lartfc field in the wards of tiie Royal 
 Victoria Hospital, our Faculty and Students have at their 
 command, resources in tliis direction which cannot any- 
 where he excelled. Moreover ; the interests of the Faculty 
 have generally been o;uardeil hy practical and far-seeing 
 men; men not merely learned in their profession, hut en- 
 dowed with sagacity, administrative ability and business 
 tact ; qualities without which, no (enterprise, however highly 
 favoured, can long hope to succeed. The Faculty has endea- 
 voui'ed also, to supply to the connnunity, that of which it was 
 really in need, and which was, therefore, always in deiuand ; 
 and has striven to make its (Graduates, sound, sensible, well- 
 trai'ied and well-ecjuipped men ; fit to be entrusted with 
 human life and health. It has never allowed itself to 
 lower its standard, below that which would test the powers 
 of average men ; nor to raise it so high, or to hedge it about 
 with such unreasonable reciuirenients, as to keep out those, 
 that, with patient and intelligent help, will often from dull 
 beginnings, devel()[) into the brightest ornaments of the 
 Profession. And, lastly, we have always iiad faith in our 
 Faculty and in our University. When we have met with 
 misfortmu's, they have not made us unduly despondent ; nor 
 when success has smiled upon us, has it made us arrogant ; 
 but v/e have kept steadily in view, the time when our 
 Faculty should leave doubt and uncertainty behind, and 
 look forward to an assured and prosperous future. We 
 hope and trust that that time has arrived ; and we hope also, 
 that the future of the Faculty and of the University, shall 
 be to the past, as the bright rays of the ncjonday sun, to the 
 feeble and uncertain light of a beclouded moon. 
 
 I have now the honour to present to Your Excellency, 
 
17 
 
 on behalf of Mr. MoLsoii, and on behalf of the Faculty of 
 Medicine of McX^ill University, this key. It is only n 
 modest little key, but in a Hjjfurative sense, it may do i^rcat 
 thinj^s ; if it shall serve to open our doors to public con- 
 fidence and appreciation ; and to opt!n tluim also, in send- 
 in<^M)ut for generations to come, able and vvoithy Graduates , 
 to carry health and hel[) to surt'erint;' humanity, and to be a 
 sourcti of pride and honour to their Alma Mater. 
 
 TJfE (JOVEllNOK-OENEHAh's ADDRESS. 
 
 His Excellency, who was loudly cheered on rising, then 
 spoke as follows : 
 
 The opening remark of the address to which we have just 
 listened, reminded uie that in order ade(|uately to describe 
 the component parts of this distinguished and representa- 
 tive audience, quite a considerable category of designations 
 would need to be employed. Unfortunately I omitted to 
 take a note of the list, and, therefore,! shall adopt the .safe 
 course of addressing the audience umler the time honored 
 aud comprehensive title of Ladies and Gentlemen. 
 
 To-day we are setting up one of the landmarks of the 
 progress and extension of this Univ -ity, and that, too, in 
 a department which in the most eminent and essential 
 manner entitles a seat of learnintr to the noble desiiiua- 
 tion of University ; because this great Science, this great 
 Art which we are celebrating to-day, is emphatically of 
 world-wide application, and is limited only by the needs 
 of the human race. So wide is its scope, so numer- 
 ous are its ramifications, that it is indeed necessary to 
 employ a common language, recognized and understood by 
 all its members, in order that the application and admin- 
 stration of the Science may be duly provided for and 
 carried on. 
 
 Well might the Dean say that the occasion is one for 
 thankfulness, and I feel that, having the honor of being 
 the Official Visitor of the University. I am only voicing 
 the thoughts of the unofficial visitors who are here in such 
 
18 
 
 liii-^c nuinhor.s, vvlum I say that wo heartily coii^^nitulatu 
 the University aiwl tiiosc mi whom the iiiaiia^^ffiiiciit oF its 
 alHiirs ('H|K'('ially <l»'V<>lv<s, upon this iiitcrcstiii^nuKl iiotahlr 
 occasion. Those who lielonjc to the Mtvlical Profession may 
 Well l)e proud of (t, an«l we who arc outside (»f' the I'roi'fs- 
 sion —outside, at least, except in tlie important particulai- 
 of funn'shin^f the material upon which its N'otai'ies ai-e 
 entitled to perform their experiments, we, too, ai-e ]iroud of 
 the Profession, not oidy hecause of its fame an<l utility, hut 
 h(!causo of the help and encourajj,'ement which it ^nves to 
 the development of all that is unselHsh and nolile and 
 heroic. That is a theme which mi<(ht well he eidarj^cd 
 upon, hut the mentio!i of whicli is like a truism. On 
 sucli an occasion as this we may at least recall, in ]mssin^', 
 the <;rounds foi- tho.s(! feelin^^fs and expi'essions of thankful- 
 ness and con;;ratulations the occasion itself naturally calls 
 for ; and while T am touchiii<^' upon that a.s])ect (»f the 
 matter I caiuiot refrain from referring to the contrihution 
 which has heen mach' in the literatures of to-day to this 
 particular topic ; I mean tlu^ nohility of the; Medical Pro- 
 fe.s.sion. T refer to a work which those who have already 
 read it, will admit may he eountetl as a classical contrihu- 
 tion to Enn'li.sh Literature, the hook calle<| " Beside the 
 Bonnie Briei' Bush," Characters ap])ear in that hook 
 which we shall rememher and claim as fi'iends, and anionji 
 the most eminently attractive of them is the pai'ish physi- 
 cian of the district which the story de.scrihes, Dr. William 
 MacLuri;. The narrative Ijrinii's out in liis character the 
 typical qualities which we look for in the true physician, 
 and one of these I cannot help alluding to. The life of a 
 poor woman, the wife of a labouring man, is des{)aired of. 
 The husband, who has rarely been known previously to 
 open his mouth in speech, is moved by his distress to make 
 an earnest and touchingly urgent appeal to tlie Doctor to 
 do something to save his wife. The Doctor dares not give 
 him any encouragement ; he knows no means l)y which 
 her life can be saved except by an operation by a famous 
 and skilful Surgeon, but that is a matter of a hundred 
 
1» 
 
 guiiu'ds, ami wlicrc is the fee to cuinc fn in :' Wi' finds, 
 liovvt'vrr, »i FiinniT — a Scottish fanner, too — who is jntpand 
 to provide thv! necessary payment. The next moriiiii;;, in 
 answer to a teh'^'ratn, the Qikumi's Surgeon appears, and tlie 
 
 two doctors drive to the cotta 
 
 U'e, 
 
 Hut 
 
 a 
 
 •iver has to he 
 
 forded ; it is in Hood, and in passini^ tinoutfh it, the j^reat 
 Sur^'eon, though no coward, is affected l»y the terrific surg- 
 ing;, and swirling of the waters over the ford, and protests 
 against going further. '' We shall he lo.st," lu^ cries. His 
 companion, the C'ountry Doctor, re[)lie,s, " Lost you may he 
 .sooner or later if you shii-k your duty, hut ci-oss the rivm- 
 this day you .sliall." They do cross it, and the operation is 
 porfornuMl with succes.s. When the doctors parted the 
 poor p(M)plo are delighted l>y hearing tlie great Surgeon .say 
 to the local Doctor : " I am i)roud to have met you ; you 
 are an honoi' to our Profession." The author adds that the 
 Surgeon declined to take tlu; fee, hut, perliaps, this was an 
 instanci! of mere eccentricit3^ 
 
 The Dean of the Faculty, in hi:i most interesting and ad- 
 mirable rcxivnte. and description of the vari(ais events which 
 have culminated in this nohh; occasioii, alluded to tlu' fact 
 tliat tiouhles will occui', even in connection with the Medi- 
 cal Department of a University. I presume that the Dean 
 refei-red, not to medical troubles, but to financial troubles 
 in relation to tlie ever-increasing needs of a great institu- 
 tion. We have r'ready had such a splendid illustration of 
 noble generosity, especially associated with the names of 
 Mr. Molson and Sir Donald Smith, that we can but speak 
 in terms of thankful congratulation, and in terms of cordial 
 appreciation such as have been so appropriately addressed 
 to the lady (Mrs. M(jlson), wdio has graced the occasion 
 with her pi-esence to-day. But, after all. it may not be out 
 of place to remember that the work has not reached 
 finality.. 'J'here may be the need and the opportunity for 
 future benefactions. The University is not grasping or 
 voracious ; it only asks for what is needed. It indeed 
 occupies the attitude which was well expressed by a worthy 
 
20 
 
 iiii 
 
 Scotch woman, wlio when askt'd what her requirements fov 
 a livelihood were, replied that she would be content with 
 " a competency," and, when the further (juestion was put. 
 " what do you mean liy a competency ?" answered, " just 
 always a little more than I have got" — a im)st reasonable 
 and Ufitural desire on the part of any active University. 
 
 We are lookm<^^ forward, I am sure with (^i-eat interest, 
 to the next phase of these; proceedinns. I suppose we 
 ought not to hav(; grudged Dr. Osier to Haltimoiv ; a.s a 
 inntter oi fact probably we do grudge him ; but if within 
 the borders of the United States they could not find t!ie 
 man required for such a post, it was peii'ectly natural and 
 reasonable that they should come to Canada. That is a 
 principle which I think may always be safely adopted, — 
 that wliere a person is reijuired for any particular post, 
 you should search not only in the country in which the 
 institution exists, Imt the world over for the right man to 
 fill the I'ight place. I am sure that in the case of Dr. 
 Osier they have succeeded, and we may at least claim 
 the satisfaction of the fact that Dr. Osier, whose career 
 we are sure will become more and more bi'illiant, went 
 through the stages of his academical life in the Univer- 
 sity of McGill. 
 
 I cannot conclude even these few informal observations, 
 addressing as I am among the audience, a band of young 
 men to whose career we look forward as one which will be 
 a credit to themselves, their University, and their Country, 
 without referring to the fact, that we have had brought 
 before us dui'ing the past few weeks a notable and eminent 
 example of all that goes to make up a noble career — a 
 stimulus and an incentive, especially to young men 
 equipping themselves for the battle of life, to that devotion 
 to duty and that sacred auibition, w)iich seeks no mere 
 honor and distinction, but the welfare of the human race, 
 and of the country in which Cod has placed us. 
 
21 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 PROFESSOR OSLKR's ADDRESS. 
 Tkachinc; and Tiiinkino— Thk Two Functions of a Medical Schooi/ 
 Many things luive been uroed aoainst our nineteenth 
 century civilization — tliat political cnfranchiseiMent only 
 ends in anarchy, that the widcsprciid unrest in matters 
 spiritual leads only to unbelief, and that the best coiinnen- 
 ta)y on oui- boasted enlightennient. is the picture of Europe 
 inarms and the nations everywhere gnarring at each other's 
 heels. Of the [iractical progress in oni; direction, however, 
 there can be no doubt; no one can dispute, viz., the enor- 
 mous increase in the comi'ort of each individual life. Col- 
 lectively the human race, or portions of it at any rate, may 
 have in the past enjoyed periods of greater repose, and longer 
 intervals of freedv in from strife and anxiety ; but the day 
 lias never been when the unit has been of such value, when 
 the man, and the man alone, has been so nuich the measui-e, 
 when the individual as a living organism has seemed 
 so sacred, when the obligations to regard his rights have 
 seemed so imperative. But these chanoes are as nauo-lit in 
 comparison with the remarkal>U^ increase in his physical 
 well-being. The bitter cr}^ of Isaiah that with the multipli- 
 cation of the nations their j(>ys had not been inei'eased, still 
 echoes in our ears. The borrows and troubles of men, it is 
 true, may not have been materially diminished, but bodily 
 pain and suffering, though not abolished, have been as- 
 suaged as never before, and the share of each in the 
 Weltschmerz has been enoi-mously lessened. 
 
 kSorrows and g)"iefs are companions sure sooner or later 
 to join us on our pilgrimage, and we have become perhaps 
 more sensitive to them, and perhaps less amenable to the 
 old time remedies of the physicians of the soul ; but the 
 panis and woes of the body, to which we doctors minister, 
 are decreasing at an extraordinary rate, and in a way that 
 makes one fairly gasp in hopeful anticipation. 
 
 li. his Grammar of Afiscvf, in a notable passage on 
 suffering, John Henry Newman asks, " Who can weigh and 
 
22 
 
 measure the aggregate of pain wliich tliis one generation 
 has endured, and will endure, from Itirtli to death ( Then 
 add to this all the pain wliich has fallen and will fall upon 
 our race through centuries past and to come." But take 
 the other view of it — think of the Nemesis which has over- 
 taken pain during the past fifty years ! Aufesthetics and 
 antiseptic surgery have almost manacled the demon, and 
 since their introduction, the aggregate of pain whicli has 
 been prevented far outweighs in civilized connnunities that 
 which has l)een suffered. Even the curse of travail has 
 been lifted from the soul of woman. 
 
 The greatest art is in the concealment of art, and I may 
 say that we of the Medical Profession excel in this respect. 
 You of the public wlio hear me, go al)out the duties of the 
 day profoundly indifferent to the facts I liave just men- 
 tioned. You do not know, many of you do not care, that 
 for the cross-legged Juno who pn-sided over the arrival of 
 your grandparents, there now sits a Ixniign and sti'aight- 
 legged goddess. You take it for granted tiiat if a sliouldei' 
 is dislocated, there is chloroform and a delicious Nepenthe, 
 instead of the agony of the pulleys and pai'aphernalia of 
 fifty years ago. You accept with a selfish complacency, as 
 if you were yourselves to be thard\L'd for it, that the arrows 
 of destruction fly not so thickly, an»l that the pestilence 
 now rarely walketh in the darkness ; still less do you 
 realize that you may now pray the prayer of Hezekiah 
 with a reasonable prospect of its fulfillment, since modern 
 science has made to almost everyone of you the present of 
 a few years. 
 
 I say you do not know these things. You hear of them, 
 and the more intelligent among you perhaps ponder them 
 in your hearts, but they are among the things which you 
 take for granted, like the sunshine, and the flowers, and the 
 ijlorious heavens. 
 
 'Tis no idle challenge which we physicians throw out to 
 the world, when we claim that our mission is of the highest 
 and of th(> noblest kind, not alone in curing disease, but in 
 educating the people in the laws of health, and in prevent- 
 
 
28 
 
 ing the spread of plagues and pestilences ; nor can it l>e 
 gainsaid that of late years our reconl as a body, has lieen 
 more encouraging ni its pi-aetical results than those of the 
 other Learned Professions. Not that we all live up to the 
 highest ideals, far from it — we are only men. Bat we have 
 ideals, which means nmch, and they are realizable, which 
 means more. Of cours<; there ai"e G(>liazis among us who 
 serve for siiekels, whose ears hear only the lowing of the 
 oxen and the Jingling of the guineas, but these are excep- 
 tions, and the rank and file labour earnestly for your good. 
 and self-sacrificing devotion to your intei'ests animates our 
 best work. 
 
 The exercises in which we are to-day engaged, form an 
 incident in this beneficent work which is in pi'ogi-css 
 everywhere ; an incident which will enable me to dwell 
 upon certain aspects of the University, as a factoi- in the 
 promotion of the phj^sical well-being of the race. 
 
 A great University has a dual function, to teach and to 
 think. The educational aspects at first absorl) all its 
 energies, and in the equipment of the various departments 
 and in providing salaries, it finds itself hard pi'essed to 
 fulfil even the fii'st of these duties. The Dean has told us 
 the story of the progi'essof the Medical School of this Insti- 
 tution, which illustrates the struggles and difiiculties, the 
 worries and vexations attendant upon the ettbrt to place it 
 in the first rank as a teaching body. I know them well, 
 since I was in the thick of them for ten years, anil see to- 
 day the realization of man}'^ of my day-dreams. Indeed in 
 my wildest flights I never thought to see such a splendid 
 Group of Buildings as I have just insyjected. We were 
 modest in those days-, and I remember when Dr. Howard 
 showed me in great confidence the letter of the Chancellor, 
 in which he conveyed his first generous be(|uest to the 
 Faculty, it seemed so great t' at in my joy 1 was almost 
 ready to sing my Nunc di mitt Is. The great advances 
 here, at the Montreal General Hospital and at the Koyal 
 Victoria (both of which Institutions form mo.st essential 
 
24 
 
 iri 
 
 parts of the Medical Schools of this city) mean increased 
 teaching facilities, and of necessity l)etter equipped (Gradu- 
 ates, better equipped Doctors ! Hen,' is the kernel of the 
 whole matter, and it is for this that we ask the aid neces- 
 sary to build large laboratories anti larger hospitals in 
 which the student may learn the science and art of Medi- 
 cine. Chemistry, Anatomy and Physiology give that per- 
 spective which enables him to place man and his diseases 
 in their proper position in the scheme of life, and afford at 
 the same time that essential basis 'ipon which alone a 
 trustworthy experience may be built. Each one of these is 
 a science in itself, complicated and difficult, demanding 
 much time and labour for its acquisition, so that in the few 
 years which are given to their study the student can only 
 master the principles and certain of the facts upon which 
 they are foundeil. Only so far as they bear upon a due 
 understanding of the phenomena of disease do these sub- 
 jects form part of the Medical Curriculum, and forus thiy are 
 but means — essential means it is true — to this end. A man 
 cannot become a competent surgeon without a full knowl- 
 edge of human Anatomy and Physiology, and the physician 
 without Physiology and Chemistry flounders along in an 
 aimless fashion, never able to gain an^^ accurate conception 
 of disease, practising a sort of pop-gun pharmacy, hitting 
 now the malady and again the patient, he himself not 
 knowing which. 
 
 The primary function of this department of the Univer- 
 sity is to teach men Disease, what it is, its manifestations, 
 how it may be prevented, and how it may be cured ; and to 
 learn these things the four hundred young men who sit (m 
 these benches have come from all parts of the land. But it 
 is no light responsibility which a Faculty assumes in this 
 matter. The task is not easy, being beset with countless 
 difficulties, some inherent in the subject, others inherent in 
 the men themselves, and not a few bound up with the 
 " fool multitude " among which we doctors work. 
 
 The processes of Disease are so complex that it is exces- 
 
25 
 
 sivoly difficult to searcli out tlie laws which control them ; 
 and although wo havt; scin a complete revolution i:i our 
 ideas, what has been accomplished liy the new school of 
 Mec'icine is only an earnest of what the future has in store. 
 The three great advances of the century have been a 
 knowledge of the mode of conti.)lling Epidemic Diseases, 
 the introduction of Anesthetics, and the adoptior of Anti- 
 septic Methods in Surgery. Beside them all others sink into 
 insignificance, as these three contribute so enormously to the 
 personal comfort of the individual. The study of the 
 causes of so-called Infectious disorders has led directly to 
 the discovery of the methods for their control, for example, 
 such a scourge as T}'phoid Fever becomes almost unknown 
 in the presence of perfect drainage and an uncontaminated 
 water supply. The outloc^k, to(j, for Specific Methods of 
 treatment in these affections is most hopeful. The public 
 must not be discouraged by a few, or even by many 
 failu.' es. Tlu^ thinkers who are doing the work for you 
 are on the right path, and it is no vain fancy that before 
 the twentieth century is very old there may be effective 
 vaccines against many of the contagious diseases. 
 
 But a shrewd old fellow remai-ked to me the other day, 
 " Yes, many diseases are less frecjuent, others have disap- 
 peared, but new ones are always cropping up, and I notice 
 that with it all there is not only no decrease, but a very 
 great increase in the number of doctors." 
 
 The total aboliti<m of the infectious group we cannot 
 expect, ami for many years to come there will remain 
 hosts of bodily ills, even among preventable maladies, to 
 occupy our labours ; but there are two reasons which ex- 
 plain tlie relative numerical increase in the Frofession in 
 spite of ^ the great decrease in the number of certain 
 diseases. The development of Specialties has given em- 
 ployment to many extra men who now do much of the 
 work of the old family Practitioner, and again people em- 
 ploy doctors more frecjuently and so give occupation to 
 many more than formerly. 
 
'J * 
 
 26 
 
 It cannot Ir' denied that we liave learned more rapidly 
 liow to priivent than how to cure diseases, but with a 
 definite outline of our iijnorance we no lonwr live now in 
 a fool's Paradise, and fondly imagine that in all cases we 
 control the issues of life and death with our pills and 
 potions. It took the Profession many generations to learn 
 that fevers ran their course, influenced very little, if at all, 
 by drugs, and the £60 which old Dover complained were 
 spent in medicine in a case of ordinary fever about the 
 middle of the last century, is now better expended on a 
 trained nurse, with infinitely less risk, and with infinitely 
 greater comfort to the patient. Of the diflficulties inherent 
 in the nrt not one is so serious fis this which relates to the 
 cure of disease by drugs. There is so much uncertainty 
 and discord even among the best authorities (upon non- 
 essentials it is true) that I always feel the force of a well- 
 known stanza in " Rabbi Ben Ezra," which, however, I 
 could not quote in the tender ears of students. 
 
 One of the chief reasons for this uncertainty is the in- 
 creasing variability in the manifestations of any one dis- 
 ease. As no two faces, so no two cases are alike in all 
 respects, and unfortunately it is not only the disease itself 
 which is so varied, but the subjects themselves have pecu- 
 liarities which modify its action. 
 
 With the diminished reliance upon drugs, there has been 
 a return with profit to the older measures of diet, exercise, 
 baths, and frictions, the remedies with which the Bythenian 
 Asclepiades doctored the Romans so successfully in the 
 first century. Though used less frequently, medicines are 
 now given with infinitel}^ greater skill , we know better 
 their indications and contradictions, and we niay safely 
 say (reversing the proportion of fifty years ago) that for 
 one damaged by dosing, one hundred are saved. 
 
 Many of the difficulties which surround the sul)ject 
 I'elate to the men who practice the ai't. The commonest 
 as well as the sa<ldest mistake is to mistake one's profession, 
 and this we doctors do often enough, .some of us without 
 
27 
 
 cho 
 
 knowin*^* it. There are men who have never hail 
 preliminary ('(hication which would enahle them to f:;ras|) 
 the fundamental truths of the Science on which Medicine 
 is based. Others have poor teachers, and never receive 
 that bent of mind which is the all important factor in 
 education ; others a^ain fall early into the error of thi)ik- 
 ing that they know it all, and l)enetiting' neither by their 
 mistakes or their successes, miss the very essence of all 
 experience, and die bigger fools, if possible, than when 
 they started. There are only two sorts of doctors ; those 
 who practice with their brains, and those who practice with 
 their tongues. The studious, hard working man who 
 wishes to know his profession thoroughly, who lives in the 
 hospitals and dispensaries, and who strives to obtain a wide 
 and philosophical c<mception of disease and its processes, 
 often has a hard struggle, anvl it may take years of waiting 
 before he becomes successful ; but such form the Vjulwarks 
 of our ranks, and outweigh scores of the voluble Cassios who 
 talk themselves into, and often out of, practice. 
 
 Now of the difficulties bound up with the "fool multitude" 
 in which we doctors work, I hesitate to speak in a 
 mixed audience. Connnon sense in matters medical is 
 rare, and is usually in inverse ratio to the degree of educa- 
 tion. I suppose as a body, Chirgymen are better educated 
 than any other, yet they are notorious supporters of all the 
 nosti-ums and humbuggery with which the daily and 
 religious papers abound, anil I tind that the further away 
 they have wandered from the decrees of the Council of 
 Trent; the more apt are they to be steeped in Thaumatui'gic 
 and Galenical superstition. But know also, man has an 
 inborn craving for medicine. Generatians of heroic dosing 
 have given his tissues such a thirst that even young infants 
 in the higher circles of society have been known to cry for 
 certain druas. As I once before remarked, tlie desire to 
 take medicine is the one feature which distinguishes man, 
 the animal, from his fellow creatures. It is reall}' one of 
 the most serious difficulties with which we have to contend. 
 
 
•28 
 
 i,f 
 
 itf:? 
 
 '^\ 
 
 ,: "i 
 
 
 Evt'U in niinoi- ailments, wliicli would yield to dictiiiy- or 
 to .simple home remedies, tlie doctor's visit is not tliou^dit 
 to be complete witlioiit tlie [)rescri[)tion. And now that the 
 pharmacists have cloaked even the most nauseous I'emedies, 
 the temptation is to use medicine on every occasion, and 
 I fear we may return to that state of polypharmacy, the 
 emancipation from winch has been the sole gift of Hahne- 
 mann and his followers to the race. As the public becomes 
 more enliglitened, and as we get more -sense, dosing will be 
 recognizod as a very minor functif)n in tlie practice of 
 Medicine in comparison with the old measures of Asclepiades. 
 After all, these difficulties — in tlie subject itself, in us, 
 and in you — are lesstiuing gradually, and we have the 
 consolation of knowing that year by year the total amount 
 of unnecessary suffering is decreasing at a rapid rate. 
 
 In teaching men what Disease is, how it may be pre- 
 vented, and how it may be cured, a University is fulfilling 
 one of its very noblest functions. Tlie wise instruction 
 and the splendid example of such men as Holmes, Suther- 
 land, Campbell, Howar(,l, Ross, Macdonnell, and others have 
 carried comfort into thousands of homes throughout this 
 land. The benefits derived from the increased facilities for 
 the teaching of Medicine, which have couk* with the great 
 changes made here and at the Hospitals during the past 
 few years, will not be eonfined to the citizens of this town, 
 but will be widely diffused and felt in every locality to 
 which the Graduates of this school may go ; and every gift 
 which promotes Higher Medical Education, and which 
 enables tiie Medical Faculties throughout the country to 
 turn out better doctors, means fewer mistakes in diagnosis, 
 greater skill in dealing with emergencies, and the saving 
 of pain and anxiety to countless sufferers and their friends. 
 
 The Physician needs a clear head and a kind heart ; his 
 w^ork is arduous and complex, requiring the exercise of the 
 very highest faculties of the mind, while constantly appeal- 
 iiiiT to the emotions and finer feelings. At no time has his 
 influence been more potent, at no time has he been so 
 
29 
 
 powerful a factor for good, and as it is one of the highest 
 possible duties of a <,a-eat dniversity to fit men fortius 
 callinn', so it will he your hi<i;hcst mission, Students of Medi- 
 cine, to carry on the never-endin<^- vvurfaic a,yainst disease 
 and death, better e(|uipped, abler men than your predeces- 
 sors, but aiumated with their spirit and sustained by their 
 hopes, " for the hope of ayvry creature is the baiuiei- that 
 we bear." 
 
 The other Function of a University is to think Teaching 
 current knowledge in all departments, teaching the steps 
 by which the stata.s praw/js has Ijeen i-eached, and teacli- 
 ing how to teach, form the routine work of the various 
 College Faculties, which may l)e done in a perfunctorj' 
 manner by men who havi' never gone deeply enough into 
 their subjects, to know that really thinking al)0ut them is 
 in any way impta-tant. What I mean by the Thinking 
 Function of a University, is that duty which the professional 
 corps owes to enlarge the boundai-ies of human knowledgt'. 
 Work of this sort makes a Uni\'ersity great, and alone 
 enables it to exercise a wide influence on th( minds of men. 
 
 We stand to-day^ at a critical point in the Histoiy of this 
 Faculty. The equipment for teaching, to supply which has 
 taken years of hard struggle, is approaching completion, 
 and with the co-operation of the CJeneral and tin; Rijyal 
 Victoria Hospitals, students can obtain in all l)ranches a 
 thorough training. We have now reached a position in 
 which the Higher University Work may at any rate be dis- 
 cussed, and towards it progress in the future must trend. 
 
 It may seem to be discouraging, aftei' so much has been 
 done and so much has been so generously given, to say 
 that there remains a most important function to foster and 
 sustain, but this aspect of the question must be C(msidered 
 when a School has reached a certain stage of development. 
 In a Progressive Institution the changes come slowly, the 
 pace may not be perceived by those most concerned, except 
 on such occasions as the [iresent, which serve as land- 
 marks in its evolution. The men and methods of the old 
 
HO 
 
 i{ 
 
 Mill' 
 
 lilt 
 
 !;iii 
 
 
 Cote street Scliool wen; better thati those with whleh tlie 
 Faculty started ; we ami our ways at the ik'W Building on 
 University sti'eet were hotter than those of Cote stn^ot S 
 and now you of tlu^ Present Faculty, teach and work nnicli 
 better tlian we did ten years a^o. Everywhere the old 
 order chan'^eth, and liappy those wIk; can chanfjfc; with it. 
 Too many, like the defeated oods in Keats' llypei'ion, un- 
 able to receive the balm of the truth, I'esent the wise words 
 of Oceanus (which I (juoted here with very dift(!rent feel- 
 ings some eii^diteen years ag(i in an Introductory Lecture) 
 
 " Still oil our heels a frosh perfection treiulH, 
 ***** bori. of UH, 
 Fated to excel uis." 
 
 Now the fresh perfection which will trea<l on our heels 
 will come with tluf tippoi'tunities foi- Hij^dier ITnivei'sity 
 Woi'k. Let me indicate in a few words its scope and ai)ns. 
 
 Teacluirs who teach current knowledoe arc; not necessai'ily 
 investigators; many have not had the needful traininoj ; 
 othei-s have not the needful time. 'J'he very best instructor 
 for students may have no conception of the higher lines of 
 woi'k in his bivinch, and contrariwise, how many lirilliant 
 investigators have been wretched teachers ? Li a School 
 which has reached this stage, and wishes to do Thinking as 
 well as Teaching, men must lie selecttMJ who are not only 
 thoroughly <iu coarant with the best work in their depart- 
 ment the world over, but who also have ideas, with 
 ambition and energy to put them into force, — men who can 
 add, each one in his sphere, to the store of the world's 
 knowledge. Men of this stamp alone confer greatness 
 upon a University. They should be sought for far and 
 wide ; an institution which wraps itself in Strabo's cloak 
 and does not look beyond the College gates in selecting 
 professors may get good teachers, but rai-ely good thinkers. 
 
 One of the chief difficulties in the way of advanced 
 work is the stress of i-outine class and laboratory duties, 
 which often saps the energies of men capable of higher 
 things. There are two essential provisions, first, to give 
 
t\u\ ProfoHsors ph^nty of assistance, so that thvy will iu»t Ix' 
 worn out with t(!aehing ; and, second, to ;4iv(' t'lieonra'-c- 
 nu'iit to (Jraduatcs and others to carry on researches under 
 their direction. With a system of Fellowships and Research 
 Scholarships a University may have a liody of ahle voun"- 
 men, who on the outposts of knowled^fe are exploriny, 
 surveyinj^, definin^^ and correcting. 'IMieir work istlw out- 
 ward and visible sitrn that a Uiiiversity is Thinking'. Sur- 
 rounded by a group (»f bright younn' minds, well tiaiiied 
 in ailvanced methods, not only is the Professor himself 
 stinuilated to do his best work, but he has to keej) far 
 afield and to know what is stirrin^' in ev(;ry part of his 
 own domain. 
 
 With the wise co-operation of the Univei'sity and the 
 Hospital authorities Montreal should become the Edinburgh 
 of America, a great Medical CVntre to which men will Hock 
 for sound learning, whoise Lalica-atories will attract the 
 ablest students, and whose teaching will go out into all 
 lands, universally recognized as of the highest and of the 
 best type. 
 
 Nowhere is the outlook more encourauino- than at 
 McGill. What a guarantee for the future does the pi-o- 
 gre-ss of the past decade afford ! No city on this continent 
 has so liberally endowed higher (nlucation. Thei'e i-emains 
 now to foster that undetinalile something which, for want 
 of a better term, we call the University Spirit, a something 
 which a rich institution may not have, and wnth which a 
 poor one may be saturated, a something which is associated 
 with men and not with money, which cannot be purchased 
 in the market or grown to order, but which comes insen- 
 sibly with loyal devotion to duty antl to high ideals, and 
 without which NchusJitdn is written on its portals. 
 
 THE VICE- PRINCIPALS ADDRESS 
 
 Professor Johnson, the Acting Principal, being called upon 
 by His Excellency, w^as received wnth cheers. He said that 
 he was there as the Representative of the University and 
 
32 
 
 iiioir- t'Hpuciiill}' of the otiusr Facultiivs, and lie couM nt)t 
 ('xpi'(>Hs too fully tholr c(tn<^:'iitiiliitions upon tlu* completion 
 ol' till' new lliiililiii^', wliit'h is to Im- occupietl l»y the Mnlicnl 
 Kiu'iilty of iMc( Jill. 'I'hey rrjoict'd at the coiiiplrtioii of ii 
 Huiidiii^' tluit (lid credit to Mt'(iill and tliu UiiivcM-sity's 
 iiolde and jn'i-nerous Htaiefactors. Montreal and, indcinl, the 
 whole Dondnion, lu! heiicveil, had reason to he proud of 
 the Mc(»ill School of Medieine. Professor ilohnson then, 
 proceeded to speak of the thoroughness that had at all 
 times charactei'i/e(| the operationn of the Faculty that was 
 liein^n' houored to <Iay ; and he had no douht that this high 
 standard. l)oth as n^gards studies and rtjsults, would bu 
 ri;^idly maintained in the future. The Actinn' Pi'ineipal, 
 while pleased with what had heen done, thou<,dit that still 
 hetter thijii;s would he done hy this Faeidty iu the ytjars 
 to come. He hoped that the day was not distant when the 
 two deerees of Bachelor of Arts and |)octor of Medicin(! 
 could lie taken in six years. '^Phis could he donts hethoui;ht, 
 h\' such an arranucment of cour.ses and lecture jiours in the 
 Faculties of Arts and Medicine, that ther(> should he no 
 duplication of the same or sindlar suhjects. No hi-anch 
 of Science has made greater proi^r"Ss than Medicine, the 
 advance in which, nM<,dit faii'ly l>e compared with the re- 
 maikahle advances in the Physical Sciences. The Profes.sor 
 concluded his ad<li"ess hy .sayinj.^ that he would Ite in f.ivor 
 of (istablishiuij^ Pi'izes, that would entitht ch^ver an<l worthy 
 (ij'aduates to travel and study iu foroii^ii lands, and even- 
 tually bring' back the knowleiii^e thus act|uired, placing' 
 the same at the disposal of Alma Mater and of the country. 
 (Cheers.) 
 
 SIR WILLIAM Dawson's address. 
 
 Sir William Dawson being called upon by His Excellency, 
 saitl that for thirty-eight years he had enjoyed the pi'ivihige 
 of following with intere.st and pleasure the growth and pro- 
 gress of the Medical Faculty, and of taking a certain shai-e 
 in pi'omoting its interests in coiniection with the Univer- 
 sity. He had seen its growth from the time when there 
 
88 
 
 wero 50 or 00 stiulcnts ill the old lirick liiiiMiiiH' mi Cutv 
 stn't^t to the prt'scnt, wlini tlicrr were 400, witli tin- iimi;- 
 iiiliccnt Cliiss-fooiiis hikI liuliorutniMcs wliicli wtrc Dpt'iicil 
 that (lay. This ^^rcat growth apju'an'il to him to have Immii 
 fully iiifritt'd hy the »'ani('.stiit'.ss >iiiil the iiliility o|* tho 
 Draiis, vvlio had control oF the l^'aculty, and tliiMr ( 'ollciij^'iics. 
 nil throijifh that tiiiif. lie did not think that in any 
 ('•lucational work with which lie hud hccn connected, he had 
 ever met a more (earnest and devoted hody oj" men than 
 tlioHo in tlio McOill Medical Faculty. Another eienient 
 which he thou;jfht had contril)Ute<l veiy much to the i-ecent 
 Benefactions to the Faculty was the character of tlm 
 ( Ji-aduates it had heen sendintr out. It had pi-oduced many 
 distinguished j)i'ofe.ssional men, of whom Dr. Osier mi^ht 
 he taken as a type and a most hrilliatit e.xamph'. It had 
 also sent (ait a very lart^e numher of men wh(» minht lie 
 termed ordinary and useful Practitioners who, thou«;li little 
 known to fame l)eyond their own localities, were of price- 
 less value to our Country. Those who had lived in Canada 
 for any length of time and had visited the outlying- dis- 
 tricts knew how much of the coinfoi't of the people 
 depended on the thorouf^hly well-trained Medical Men of 
 the country. His Excellency had mentioned a touching- 
 Scottish example, hut hundreds of such could he fouml in 
 Canada. In this work of supplying' ahle local i'ractitioiuu's 
 the Mc()rill Me<lical School, without dispai'agement to any 
 other institution, had, lu^ venture<l to .say, home ;i very 
 large share. The MedicalCraduates of Mcdill were to he 
 found in all parts of the Dominion and everywhere were 
 regarded as trustworthy professional men. Tiie medical 
 student of to-day was the medical graduate of to-morrow, 
 who was to be the most trusted adviser in the most serious 
 crises of life and to spend his life in doing all that lie could 
 to niitiirate suft'erino- and to save life. Even if a Medical 
 Man's work were with him a professional work, it was a 
 great and glorious mission, in which his heart, as well as 
 Ids interest, had to miter, in order to make it the Profession 
 which it ought to he, and to ensure the greatest success. 
 
m 
 
 ii 
 
 i"i 
 
 34 
 
 Sir William tliiMi coiii^ratulatiMl Doaii Craik on the event 
 of the (lay, and on the jn'esence of the Oovenior-Cjeneral 
 and Lady Al)enleen. Ife thought that they all had reason 
 to congratulate themselves upon having l)eenable to borrow 
 their old friend Dr. Osier for a little while, to speak on 
 those orimnal investiuations in Medical Science which are 
 doing so much to alleviate suffering and to prolong life, but 
 which are still in their infancy and hold out the most in-' 
 viting pros))ects to original research. He hoped that every 
 student present would l)ear in nnnembrance and carry out 
 in his life, the great object of delivering man from being 
 the victim and slave of his surroundings, and of making 
 him what his Cn^atoi- intended, their Lord and Master. In 
 this connection he need scarcely say that he fully con- 
 curred in the suggestions of the Vice-l^-incipal with 
 reference to the welding together of the Faculty of Arts 
 and Medicine ni such a manner that Medical Stu<lents and 
 Graduates might be bettei' prepared to coinprehend the 
 Scientific Principles of Medicine and to be leaders in the 
 general enlightenment of the community. 
 
 :i 
 
 -iiii 
 
 
 At the conclusion of Sir William Dav/son's speech, Hi.s 
 Excellency expressed his hearty thanks for the Souvenir in 
 the form of the gold Key which had been presented to him. 
 It was valuable, nt)t only .symbolically, but intrinsically, 
 being evidently made of .solid Gold ; and the iri.scription 
 would record for the benefit of those who would come after 
 him what he was not likely himself to forget, namely, that 
 he had the privilege of taking part in the; interesting pro- 
 ceedings of the day. He then formally declared the Build- 
 ing Open. 
 
 Three cheers v ('re then given for the Queen and three 
 
85 
 
 for the University, I<'(1 hy tlit^ (Jovci'iiori Jciuiral, and, upon 
 the call of Mr. .John Craw lord, three were niveii for tlie 
 Governoi'-Oeneral, which closed the Ceremony. 
 
 S()(;[.\L KMNCTFON. 
 
 On the conclusion of tlu; Addresses the second part of 
 the procrramnio, and that of more interest to the ]iul)lic in 
 j]jeneral was entered upon. The larj^^e nund)ers of the 
 guests who wiM'e unahle to oain admission to the Lecture 
 Theatre, where the s|)eeches were delivered, minified with 
 the throng that came from it and rapidly spread themselves 
 over the lajikling. All the Laboratories were thoroughly 
 investigated, the very large number of ladies present seem- 
 ingly taking th(^ keenest interest in all. 
 
 Tea was served in the Faculty Room and in the Labora- 
 tory of Hygiene. 
 
W' 
 
 
 t- 
 
 fl 
 
 Mi 
 

 ryi>^Gtii-OQii^g. 
 
 Gpoond fToor PIqitj 
 
 »» A* 5« 
 
nw 
 
 )ond floor Plain 
 
 50 
 
 
 K?2oGl'K&.c 
 
ill 
 
 Hi 
 
 rir 
 
 m.\ 
 
 I ■ 
 
 M— ■Bfa .n.L i u..e Bs—3^et'^-> ^ w w. i ■ I— i w i i iin 
 
 Tgy loi^-t-Got^on Ore * 
 
!l 
 
 rQ\'ory 
 
 
 OiT>. 
 
 1 
 
 ?o'.09iCQ|; 
 lorato'' 
 
 DratbKi 
 
 'iiit^-: 
 
 < 
 
 ■^ c - 
 
 1 
 
 Ct.ii'i..-e 
 
 1 
 
 Booon 
 
 
 i Tclon Ore * 
 
^77 rvi iTTn i1^ Off^ l.fi ^l^ 
 
 
 np pi^./'^inorPicwn. 
 
J 
 
 
 loorPlcin 
 
 
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 i\r 
 
 
 Hygieqe, Stc, 
 
 
APPBNDIX, 
 
 
 DESCRIPTION OF THIi BUILDINGS. 
 
 
 a 
 
 In 1(S(S5, tlio biiildiiio' in the University jrri-ound.s, erected 
 l)y the Governors for the nse of the Faculty, was found 
 inadequate. A new Building was then added, which, at 
 the time, afforded ample facilities for carryino- out the 
 ,^reat aim of the Faculty,— tliat of making' the teachin,<;' of 
 the primary branches tlioi-ouf'hly practical. 
 
 The Laboratories and Lecture Rooms, then added, have 
 now become filled, and so gi-eat have been the advances in 
 Medicine and in the methods of laboratory teaching, that 
 it has been necessary again to inci-ease the nund)ei- and size 
 of tlie Laboratories. Owing to the timely genei-osity of 
 Mr. John H. R. Molson, who has already done so nuich for 
 the University, the facilities for teaching in the Faculty of 
 Medicine have been more than doubled. 
 
 As will be seen on reference to the architect's plans, 
 the new buildings have been erected as an extension 
 of the old ones, towards the north-west, partially facing 
 Carlton Road, and convenient to tlie Royal Victoria Hos- 
 pital. They connect the Pathological building acquired 
 in 1898, with the older buildings, and comprise a large 
 modern Lecture Room, capable of acconnnodating 450 
 students, with adjoining preparation-rooms and new suites 
 of Laboi-atories for Physiology, Histology, Pharmacology 
 and Sanitary Science. The Laboratories, etc., in the older 
 buildings, have been greatly enlarged and improved : the 
 whole of the second floor has been devoted to the Anatomi- 
 
:!l 
 
 'AH 
 
 ':'1 
 
 cal (Icpartiiit'iifc, and will he (livitltMJ into a (lisHt'ctin^-rooin. 
 anatomical imiscuin, lioiM'-i'oum, piTpaiatiim ivmuiis, Pm- 
 i'cMsoi's' and I )riii(iiistratiirs' rooms, etc. 
 
 Oil till' f^^rouiid Hoof tlic ljil>nii'y and Museum have Iiccm 
 i,n't'atly tular^vd ; a I'oom t'oi"miu<,^ pai't f»f the Liltrary haw 
 lu't'U set apart as a rcadin*; room for tlic use of students, 
 uher(^ the extensive Reference [iilirary of the Faculty may 
 l»e consulted. The old chemical lalioi'atoi'ies have heen 
 increascid l>y includin!.;' the Lah(jratories formerly used Ity 
 the department of IMiysiohjgy. 
 
 LKCTIJUK ROOMS. 
 
 In the huildini^s occupied this session, as will Ik; seen by 
 reference to diaj^i-ams, in addition to the Lai (oratories, dis- 
 sectin;i,'-r()om, etc., there are three lai'jfe Lecture Rooms, 
 two capable of ce.mfoi'tahly seatinjj;' about ."JOO students, 
 and one for lectures, examinations, etc., capable of seat' 
 450 students. 
 
 ROOMS I'OI! srilKKNTS USE. 
 
 Thrcte cloak rooms are provided in convenient poi'tions 
 of the buildiujn', !ii\d in aijdition, connnodious lockers can 
 be procured provided with special locks at a nominal rental. 
 A larj^c Well li^hte(l veadiui^-room containiiif,^ news[)apers^ 
 maj^azines and the current medical joui-nals, is provided 
 in the new block. The oi-i^inal Libraiy has been refitted 
 as a comfortable readin^-ioom for students desii'in^ to 
 avail themselves of the reference works in th(( Library of 
 the Faculty. 
 
 DISSECTINCJ ROOM. 
 
 The Dissecting Room, which is situat(!d on the second 
 rioor, is L shaped, one arm of which is 7G feet in lenjjjth 
 and 31 feet in breadth, and the other arm 45 by 32 feet. 
 It is furnished with thirty tables, and is well lighted dur- 
 ing the rlay and night. In procuring appliances for the 
 comfort and convenience of the students, no reasonable ex- 
 pense has been spared. 
 
 In connection with the dissecting-room, there is a " Bone 
 room," and Anatomical Museum where students have an 
 
31) 
 
 cxcrllcut, oppni'tmiity nt' st,ll(|yiM'4- Osti'olniry. 'rinTf life 
 also rnoiiis I'df till- I )ciiit»iistnit<»rs nl" Amitniiiy. 
 
 I'llVSloLOCK'AI, l,.\ll(>ltAI(il!li:s. 
 
 Tile Mr\v IMiyxiolouu'iil liiilioniturics, wliicli urc sitii'itt-tl 
 (HI the u|»j)('i' tittor «>1' till! tU'W ItuiMiii;^, lire supplied with 
 iiKxIcni nppiu'iitus I'oi' till' pructiciil tt'iicliin^' 'of tin' inost 
 ituportiint lirnncli ol' tlic inciliciil eun'iciilum. Tlu'y con- 
 sist of one larj^t' room I'orty-tivc hy tliirty-tivc Feet for 
 llii(lt'r;4riuluuti! work and two sniallcr ones for more ail- 
 vancL'd work and private research. In addition thcri! is a 
 room set apart for a consultinn' Library and for the special 
 use of the Professor of this dej)artment. The Student's 
 Lahoratoiy is arran<4'e(| in such a way as to permit of 
 Students assistin^iji' at, and takin;^ pai't in demonstrations. 
 Durin^r the comine' session im)>' taut additions will 1m; 
 made to the ap{)aratus of the riiy^ioloeicial LalH)ratory. 
 
 HIST()L()(iI<'Al, LAUOUATOUIKS. 
 
 The Histological Laboratory proper, is a lai'^'e. well 
 lie'hted I'oom on tlu' set;ond tlooi' of the new huildinij;. It 
 is so arranu'ed that over (.'iu'htv Student^ can he present at 
 the microscoj)ical (h-monstrations ; for this purpose; it is 
 supplied with .50 mici*oscoi)es. Krom the larj^fe mnnher of 
 mierosco])es employe(l, students will have special facilities 
 in studyine' and niakine' themselves thoroughly ac(|uainted 
 with the specimens that are the suhjects of demonstration. 
 Ill addition to this thei-e is a smaller Laboratory for tlu; 
 use of the Professors and Demonsti'atoi-s. 
 
 PHARMAC'OLOOtCAL LAIJOKATORY. 
 
 The Pharmacological Laboratorj' is a lare-e room 45 by 
 35 feet, situated on the second floor of the new building. 
 It is now being furnished with the necessary appliances for 
 the practical teaching of Pharmacology. 
 
 CHEMICAL LABORATORY. 
 
 The Chemical Laboratoiy is large, lofty, and well lighted 
 and can accommodate comfortably 126 men at one time, 
 
40 
 
 I I' 
 
 I"*}! 
 
 I I 
 III ! I 
 
 but only a much .smaller number are allowed to work at 
 one time. Each student, wlien entering on his course, has 
 a numbered table in tne Laboratory assigned to him for 
 hi.i use during the session. Each table has its own gas 
 and water fixtures, and is provided with shelves for its 
 corresponding set of reagent-bottles, as well as a drawer 
 and locker containing a modern set of chemical apparatus 
 especially adapted for the work. This apparatus is pro- 
 vided by the Faculty, and supplied to each student without 
 extra charge. Tlu^ Student is only required to pay for 
 apparatus broken or destroyed. 
 
 The Laboratory is ventilated by an electric fan and fully 
 equipped for the various courses of study, thus giving 
 to the Student unsurpassed advantages for acquiring a 
 sound and practical knowledge of Medical Chemistry. 
 LABORATORY OF PRACTICAL HYGIENE. 
 
 On the Mezzanine floor, between the upper and lower 
 stories, and behind the large Lecture Room, is the Labora- 
 tory of Practical Hygiene and Public Health. It is a large 
 and commodious room with abundance of light, and is 
 being fitted up with all the latest models, apparatus and 
 appliances for tiiorough instruction in Sanitary Science. 
 
 PATHOLOGICAL LABORATORY. 
 
 A large building of three stories, 47 by 40 feet, adjoining 
 the College, recently f^cquired by the Faculty, thanks to 
 the generosity of Mr. J. H. R. Molson, constitutes the 
 Pathological Laboratory ; it has undergone extensive altera- 
 tions to fit it for the purpose. The uppermost floor has 
 been converted into one large Laboratory for classwork in 
 Practical Pathology and Bacteriology ; upon the floor 
 beneath are Laboratories for research, a preparation room, 
 Professor's private rooms and Library, and culture rooms ; 
 while upon the ground floor are rooms for the attendant, 
 for storage and for keeping animals. Work rooms for the 
 Curator and Osteologist are provided in the upper story 
 of the building. 
 
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