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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 S 6 ^P B W Righl t [House the Ih U, the TU Ue on F, (I Convent 'Ug vndcr c .■Martin, aittee near ivkt confess experienei !, lunvever 3r:feh befui r^y divest «Wth gieati afamittco tl J subject. Inter into of our ( I the al)le ^r. Jones Baintainec linst Grei ffl Our tit If L/Al,U01 and by 'iwn frtjin of whi -fcif myself y^rsrumen ri^niber on -nay ooUeai; At tlu; con levari (Voiii 'feijret at h his birt from M i, [iwintii i, in Soul ny birth ; B, Moultr ind of sta I a halo ( Sir, well r [ is the no' ■? SPEECH I BARKLEY MARTIN, OF TENNESSEE, t0 RigU to Orei-on, and the liesoltition of JVotke lo lennimle the Joint CtmverUion of 18IQ %iARi:)| not- withstnndiiio; the tendency of iiis resohition to increase the much compiaiiied of " rme man's power." The honorable gentleman from i^lahama, in the debate on this »iuestion. told ns that he had separated from his political friends, with whom he was in the habit of acting, when he broke a way from the bulk of that party on the Texas question; but that, on the question now under debate, he found a majority of his parly with him; as well as a large portion of the Democra- tic party. A large portion of the Democratic party with hiin ! not, sir, with him for his amendment in preference to either of the others as above noted! Not a majority of the Democratic parly for that non-committal Resolution which is designed to shift the responsiijility from this house, and give to the President the ptnver as argued by my col- league [Mr. Cock] to annul, repeal, or termi- nate the treaty of 18^7, which treat}' was and now is, the supreme law of the land ! Enter- taining a high regard for the gentleman, (once my near neighbor in Georgia) 1 would ask the gentleman if he did not, in 1840, and in 1844, oppose strenuously the ''one man power'" — the "veto*' power — as provided for in the Constitu- tion? I do not see the nod of assent — but i see the playful smile, signifying yea. We all recol - lect the hue and cry against the increase and extension of alleged encroachments upon the le- gislative powers, conferred by the people, by this "one man power" — it was tlie subject of many able and eloquent api)ea!s to influence the Amer- ican people to confer their suftVages upon (Jiie who had openly avowed that the "veto poti'cr'' should be qualified, and that it should be exer- cised only in extreme oases. Yet, strange to tell, in this very hall^ beiure the eloquence of able gentlemen, now members of the 'iOth Congress, has died away upon the ear of listening multi- tudes, one of that party comes f)rward, and, by Resolution, tenders to the President the discre- tion to annul absolutely a supreme law of this land. Permit me, sir, to warn my friends, and ttii them that this measure is avowed l)y one gentle- man in the opposition, with frankness. If of good result, well ; if evil follow, we will hold (the President) responsible before the American people. It may be the policy of the gentleman from Alabama, and the avowed policy of the gentleman from Ohio, [Mr. Delano] by him so expressed, as to avoid responsibility; but it is not 80 with the Reprasentative from the 6ih Con- gressional District of Tennessee. In this result, great as it necessarily will be, the member now addressing the Chair feels, as he trusts every Vmeri American should feel, a laudable ami, ^j^^ , share in its momentous consequences. ^ ^„ .jj My colleague [Mr. Cock J who has g^i,|, r much credit from this liody, learned as ^^^ "|, least it sbouM iii') in bis iriaiden !^I'P''eii,[|Q^,\v that rjiis nolic!- is a w.ir measure. In si^ j|,p t!i;s, be calls to his aid the lan'j;uag(! w;^y^,pi venerable gentleman from MassnchusoiJt.^ Ai)\Ms I used at tbn lust session of ihe '•^'•Sg . gress, n'liii cxin-isslii ilvrhtrtd Unit (lie H(]^ p^^i a "war 'ntviisurc ;^' — and ibal, '• becaii|ipp(,p of that Cihaiai'li'r. and tite war power ^ in pros.'dy given to Congress by the ^"•'"■n ilm ihf iiiiiise bad every tiiipjj; to do with ftif.i(ic mv ddlermie then vott> for the amenc, the gentleman from Alabama, when he ^,!J havt in the language of Mr. Adajis, that u i^gjjye to mi'asure" — and "that Congress ami in't :,0«petui ideiit wast lie war making power" ? My (, ^\^^^ • again said. '' it is prop'jr to give to Cr„||Jjpjg|^; tain noti<"e of our determination to abrii;i|j'j,^j^,. Convention of 18"i7'." Our 'letermiiHg|,,p„ , ahrou;'.!^' ! How, givo this notico, b\„_ j^u[)j iiig the ameiiiimcnt of the gentleman Irtyy ;iiiai i liama ? Surely not. Would my collea^ ^ n-IiU) the Presidciii additional power? ''^"'■lifaflentati th(! fact — A [lowiir to declare war, if thij^j.^r in menl is adopted — Is this in character ^^^ |,p] orned of the party \i> define and restrici'J^pj" ^Jng tive power ! The eoneUisiou is the revjijg^ \,\ V and war, I \nA .My policy is, or Congress, in latigiia.i|jQj,g and nin.-iinivocal. to speak to England thrr^j^ym \ Chief M.i^risirale of this nation; f pf'ak •j,'''^(,inir provi(ied lor iiy the Convention, and tell Spyn Th the "joint occupancy," so lamiliarly "sJats, [I\ andmust terminate. It is a poaee HK-asiJ^pijnj j so (!onsidered ; it is so intended ; and is ^^fc^ o-on ded by able genilemen on this lloor, w the notice. Give, then, this notice, an; expiration of avelve months, we areas by thp treaty of lihent, the rightful p of the territory, surrendered and conve\y| /■, by the British Government tbrou,^-!i ["_ -J qualified agent at that time. '^f u ,. Thir's notice should be given, that iiSB. Ma; leges enjoyed by the sidyects of Great '^Sfe. Ada Jhwricaii soil should terminate — and g|«\vouU citizens he more |)erfectly secured and '''ape of i in their rights of freemen to American soL ^^ pre this notice, that the way may be clear«i_tpp([ed into full force and elfect what is conteinfjp[[,on<''l an organic territorial Government. Gj^^t Bn notice, that England may understand, ai,aVwar c that we are resolved to protect our eili;Vj.Qut. to occupy our soil, and to defend both.^« ^U the energies of this growing young Reui.^ ' j , By doing this, sir, we encourage emi^^ was we strengthen the people's love of free ment. Throw arotmd your citizens the tion of your stripes and stars! — let thi that thpy are under your laws! — that tl n.)t neglected, cast off, and you will tii riers, which will be a defence against lli der, who dare clainr, dare seek to get a «, [^ iment an fr( ictar wou a ipfiericaii soil. Maintain our rights, pro- ,1 „ I , ,, r citizens wiierever llioy are. and yo'i will isconsp ^"^' ^^® "^''"'^"'^ patriotism— and the people C()rKi'''^?^^T y to arms, to the tentpci field, and to the l„„i, 1 "^ , field, airainst the sava-r,. fo,-, aoajnst this .;>. m. i.i „ 'i ttle, less, savage, civihzed Government, I , ''noe whetted the i • "' ;,'wiio have honored me with their conlidonee ViT to (riv(j to {,r , , , , , 1,1. rn.;,.„.;'' . , uonerstand ine thoroushly. I shall now pro- riiimation to abrn a • .• .. i i- < r >> r < >» n., 1 . I to notice the remarks which relnroin several Uiir deterniiiD^Z. 1 ■ .1 i- r.i- u l i, ji j, . . ^ teftien dnrin;; the discussion of this all ab- ihe <-o il ■' ' ''^"ff subject, and yenernliy to defpnd our w-'HT ''"''^" '''try auainst the kcrs and jihcs thrown upon U I, d my collea, ^f „^^^- ,„ j, „,-^^ ^^.j,^ ,.J, ,|,ea,s..|ves ll... lat power " SofL^i • ,• .. . . if elnm T ', weutatives ol Iroemen. iind who were so hi' in V""' '^'l#ir ill depictino- the stiength of Great Bri- Tn, \ '■'^•^'■"''t'-r ,ind heralding forth to the world the impo- clerine iiK res*rici-/ .'.u- in. le 1 l ,„], • • ,, ^'y oi this brave, crallant, ;;nd free peopl", who if'liision is the revi £,„» i.- , 1 ," , 1 . " *""* •' ""' ' , find gnu to gun, lie of admiration ngress. m langua, ak to England thn 8|l|(iet Kngland man to n [hose prowess is the to IS nation ; S|)eak _ iiveiition.and tell ' so lamiliarly iiv I is a pi>ace measi ntended ; and is on this iloor, vvh I, this notice, an onths, we areas It, the riti-hiliil p dered and convci, iinent lhroii,r!, }' inie. Ihoul the civilized world oing this. I will res])ectl(illy notice what im the vem^rable geniloman from IVlassa- tts, [Mr. Ada.ms] and also from a gentle- Troni Indiana [Mr. C. B. Smith |. What legeiitlemaii from Massachosetts ? "Give >, and my word for it. [ lielieve there will war, unless I'resident Polk hacks out." Ada.ms. — The gentleman misunderstood e Chair. — Does the gentleman from Ten- i^ yield the floor to the gentleman I'rom chusetss, for an explanation ? M.viiTiN. — Certainly. Adams. — I will explain. I said I believed e|f would be no war; and that I rather believed, 'fpteof neceseity, that war would be prevented mil. 1 I I'liie President's backing out. I said that I ap- nr a\ t,e cleaivd^^^jg^j j,,^^ jf ^,^g ^^ ^,pJ i,^ -^^^^^ ove n^mpot "^^^ *'**^°"5?^'^ >* «"^''^ ^" ''»' ^'"^ hoped it would, J.,H V 1 '1* Britain would yield: but if she did not, ) unuerstand, ai,at,war could be prevented by Mr. Polk's back- Totect our citi;- „,, defend both.\, ., i « , r ,-j , ■ ino- v.iiinn. p„,>, Mf- Martin. — 1 nnd I did not much niisun- ^ given that 1!.' »jects of Great ]]] erminate — and y secured and c 1 to ^'hncrican sol. ng young Repi, encourage emi, 's love (if free iiir citizens tlieS stars!— let tli| laws! — that tif id yon will hi iipce against tlil seek to sfet a I 0|fnand the gentleman. The spirit of his re- was caught up by the genileman from In- |a, [Mr. C. B. Smith,] who endorsed the iment. I would speak of the venerable gen- lian from Massachusetts, with the profoundest Bct and veneration. Very respectfully, ihere- \, would I say that he is under a mistake as to the character of the President. I know his iron nerve : I know his noble bearing : his firm and determined purpose — cool, cautious, yet de- cided — and I feel implicit confidence that if Con- gress will but clothe him with the power to give this notice, he will do it, and not recede a single inch. The member from Ohio, [Mr. Giddinos] that young and magnanimous State, in the witii- eriiig blast of his heated imagination, is at a luss fir words suflicieiitiy contemptuous to describe the Presiilent'spnsilanimity. He says " you can- not kick the President into a war." Let me ask whence has this light so suddenly dawned on the member's intellect? Where did he get that iiitelliorence ? Mr. GiDDiNGs here rose and impiired whether Mr. .M. wished a reply. Mr. Martin. — Take your seat, sir, and keep your seat, sir! The Chajk. — The gentleman from Tennessee has tin; tloor. Mr. M\RTiN. — F ask again, whence such wis- dom ? Whence such a sudden revelation ? Per- mit me to remark that he too has misunderstood the character of the Chief Magistrate of his country, a.s well as the character of the southern people. I will tell the member one truth. When his black regiments — his odoriferous allies — the contemplation of which seems to g ve him so much delight, shall reach the south, the Presi- dent, with the aid of all true patriots, " before we drink the dregs to be pressed to our lips," will kick not only him, but his coadjutors, out of South Carolina, and hold up to the scorn and eon [Here Mr. .M. was called to order by the Chair.J I will now (said Mr. M.) pay my respects to my honorable colleague, [Mr. Cockk,] for whom personally 1 cherish the highest respect. He seems, by some means, to have worked himself into a pet, and because he is a pet himself, he imagines, as a matter of course, that every mem- lier of the cabinet is also in a pet, and the President more particularly. My colleague says that, af- ter })iiblishing to all the world that our title tu Oregon is clear and indisputable, the President immediately turns round and offers to give away one-half it; and then, because the British minister dt)es not accept the offer, he flies into a pet, and withdraws it. Another of my colleagues [Mr. Gentry,] says the President "hnlfishly" withdraws it. "Hufl^shly!" I appeal to the noble Tennessee spirit which I know inhabits thv; breasts of my ccdleagues, and I ask of them to say what the President could have done less? W^hen Mr. Pakenham said to him, Eng- land expects a proposition on your part, which shall have greater justice and liberality, would he have had the Chief Magistrate of this great Republic to have degraded himself and the American people by repeating the offer, and humbly soliciting its acceptance? Would he h ive asked him to implore Queen Victoria gra- ciouslv to vouchsafe one smile of approbation 1 JL «.>' «J f up6n it? I scorn .such i. impntation on our Oorernment as iinplir^d in the sneer. I for one would have denounced Mr. Polk if he had not withdrawn the offer the instant it was so dis- courteonsiy rejected. Is Oregon ours ? I hoar nnothor sound com- ing frotii an honorable Qeiitlenian froi)^ New York, [Mr. Cui.vkr,] who says that Oregon is oars, and that "there would have betM none of this difficulty if the President had not swajr- ^ered so much in his Inaiijjnral." I would re- spectfully ask of the gentleman wherein the "swaggering" consists ? Is it in the declaration that onr title to our proi^rty is clear and indis- putable ? Was this "swaggering V — was this "arrogant boasting?" What, sir! has it come to this, that a Government that represents twen- ty millions of freemen is not to proclaim to the "orld that they hold their title to the soil of their country cloar and inc'isputable, imder the penalty of being stigmatised as a swaggerer and boaster? My colleague [Mr. CockkJ says that the Pre- sident proposed lo give away a part of tlie ter- ritoi'y thus indisputably ours. I put it to my j colleague of the Nashville district, | Mr. Kw- m&,] who says that he had no right to do this, and to my colleague from the Williamson dis- trict, [Mr. GENTrv,] who coincides in the re- remark, was it a fault in the President to do what is right — to offer what my colleague from the Williamson district is himself in favor of — the line of 49°? How magnanimous ! how con- sitttent ! to condemn another for pursuing a poli- cy, which we adopt and approve of for our- selves ! But I am told again that the President pro- postfd to give away a part of our -riiory. I ask did he not most satisfactorily i,x[ilain the reasons and considerations which induced hini to make the proposition ? With the highly lauda- ble atid patriotic desire of settling amicably and hdftotably the long pending question between the two' courttries, he had repeated the offer previ- ously made by President Monroe and President Addms, and sanctioned by the approval of many of our ablest and wisest statesmen. It was made in a proper spirit of deference and respect to the opir^iflhs and acts of his predecessors in office. Had the ca.se been entirely new, the proposition would nevsr have been made by President Polk. On the question of our title to Oregon, I regret to n6ar, for the first time in my brief career, an isiJei'tion on the floor of Congress, that the Ame- ricati Government has less title to the territory than had even been conceded by the British Go- vefcrtiment itself. That government admits that wte' have rights in Oregon, and a clear title to a part of that territory; and who is it that, in the face of this admission by the British government, riSies in this biill, and declares to her, and to the wbrid, •* No, no ; our title is doubtful — our right is doiubtfiiil." , I regret to say it is one of my oollcia^es, [Mt. Ewing] a gentleman who, of all others, I should have thought had dru lii)ftrtl deepest of the spirit of the Hero of the Hjjg fp,^ age. Yet li(> tells us our rights in Oren^^p doubtful — tlie American title is doubtfu q(jj„„,i this in the face of the admission of the l:jth"iii| government it.ni If. of the validity of our^,, dm,! and title to a portion of the territory, ^i^riiief gentleman grently risked his reputatioii^ji, .,4. lawyer and a «tafesiiiaii, in the hazarding ojij,, |.,j| an opinion ; hut I tieg that the commitleo wj^d,^,! Judge of (he gentleman's legal and pi'<}fr|| il Mr. C..I. LNCK.-isoLf,. — The Celestial Er|^f ,„ Mr. Maktin. — Well, the Emperor of ttii^Mii le.stial Emj)ire, then — |n,i Mr. C. .1. iNfiKiisor-r,. — The brother (HjAg^ ,1, Sun and .Moon. \.WPi. w Mr. Martin. — Very W(!ll ; he it so. Tli(ib(^n<;'l> tleman ought lo !)(> learned in these matte ,l^m he is Chairman of the Committee on Fi.fwln C Relations. [Laughter.] My colleague, then,' ''Do yj that if this potentate, the brother of the .Suiijiety, I Moon , we re to • •' loea 1 e " h i msel f i n O regon ^ on IFai dve occupied neither by (^-(^ai Uritain nor Armth^rn hi he would, in process of time, get a title (|ui flirst m good as that of (in^it Britain or the United SwOT of We. have no title there, nor rights of aiij ki(l<*l the but he admits that the British have claims;. eUritii says that he is a farmer, and goes for a "stm Hlood ^ tence" on the parallel of 49^ north, I ani»*lilso s the sfentleman is a farmer, and a very gooil^^'-'*i I was not aware, however, that Tennessee far* wonli( were io the habit of running their fences, wlniflfcl. b] straight or erookeii, on their neighbor's laiirti"ig t on land where they had no right or tit'e. I wWth il inquire of the gentleman when this becatiii'i*^roci law or usage of TennesJsee. It is with me aiwby jeal of deep regret, that the British governiJ<8/pii' and the world, should he told by a repnif'it b tative on the floor of Congress of brave ■pinionsorashly,4,, ir„ni anoth<>r .-ans..." 'Vlw dehatt-s ""H'li that as a hiQIn^rn'ss havr g(MiP forth lo tho world. Ills district ; JHit I ; giovcrnment rannot hut foid sonu? appre- a lawyer, U>- is su '^ ^^^^. r,^,),l^.^ patriotic and abio speech of I \,%rii- ^> '" 'iiioilier [tari of this Capiod. It lie Williamson di*|<„i^ .l.j,,!,,!,,^^,, deej) s..|icitnde in Que-n ■11 tarthf r. He SM'^bosoni. and she will aiixionslv inquire the Jiritish any \^f^j^ respcctin.r it. and |)rol.al)ly address tl->ro, and he w.3^^|,.,t i„ this'way: "Mv deaV Albert, • of the Celestial Cp^.(, \^ ,i,i^'?>' and I.e will reply : '• It is -I he Celestial En^of one Mr. Cass, who is a Senator fioni tho h.inperor of f iK^Michio-an, who is iroin'i 'o tal.e Canada , gnd lose and win it back a/Tai!i, all in .— J he brother u\g^^^^ m(l. by means of onr liberal subsidie-t, eir neighbor's lac^lp!? ^''^t our Indians were holdino- a right or tit'e. I w'WRh die British flag fl.Kiting over their when this became'^ proceeded immediately to the spot, ac- It is with me aied hy a single interpreter, reached forth le British governiid* palled down tiie British f!ag. and B told by a repnig it beneath his feet, declared it could )ngress of brave O**! .Vmericansoil."* "Indeed!'' "Yes, at we have rieipl**se your Majesty, and this same man ly a claim — when* te"g =>i"ce the American Minister in )nsfantly asserted, '♦hen we were agitating all Europe, deepest solicitud!^'|Bs^y rptnembers, about the right of , since the admini- H»' wrote a pamphlet at that time, in ivhich changed the whole policy of the tion of the commii^?^®''"""'"'" ^^^^ ' ^""^ ^^^^' *^^^ speech the honorable ffen!^"''* ™^" ^^^y ^'^^^ g"^ "^•^f there— *endi,eton1 often ■ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ""''*' Ambassador at ' (of whiffcerv) f; jj^"'' "^'^J'^^'y was then too young to re- I mea-frheffeiirM"'""^ little, (dd, short, chunky man, . . 6 JUd head. That old man has always, ions, opiKised himself to what he con- i — and who heard I round the globej is not m his lat I might feel l^oolcraft's Narrative of the Expedition ces of the Mississippi, pp. 137-8. aiders British aggrits^ion. [ will not tell your majesty his name, lest the royal heart should be too seriously agitated." This information made the little (jupcn v(>ry ilionghttul for some days — but Ibe next mail arrives, and suddenly a wonder- i'nl change (v.imes over her feidings. She stirids in baste for her princely consort, and embracing him joyously, exclaims : ".Mbert! here's news, glorious n<'Ws for us. Our lion has been seen by one of the Hotspurs of the Palmetto State — ho tiiias pale, alarmed at llu' object bt^tiire him — and in tlie American Congress says '\ fear!' More than that, the meiuber from the 'moral and reli- gious' town of Boston, says it would be the use td' ' brute force' to right for Oregon. Good ! very iniod I Hut. Albert, the news is still more cheer- in^-. Whilst we have conceded lo America rights ill Oregon, one of her Uepresenlatives from tho Sta'i; of Tennessee, has publicly, in his speech, coniended that his own government had neither rights nor titb', but only a 'claini' to Oregon. A true patriot, im doubt— but we thank him for his aTgument. as it strengthens our claim. And still another Tennessi>aii — be who represents the dis- trict ill which AiNPRK^v .IvrKsoN sleeps — makes an aryuinent bold and tV'arhvs — what, for war? Nu — for Miiisterly inaelivity;' and tells Congress that ibeir riinits, by the laws of nations, to any |)art oi' Oiegoii, are doubtful : and in support of tbisopiuioii. h''' will risk his citaracter as a lawyer and a statesman. VV'e are ready to accord that his arguiiient is coinplinuMitary to our claim; of bis legal aliility and statesmanship, his country will no doubt judge. And still the news ischeer- inij. The • lone star' has risen in the 'Old Do- minion;' its brilliant rays are beaming acmss the Atlantic. He has proclaimed it aloud that the sound of our morning drum rattles round the globe; and the viiror of our arms has been tested in the triumphs of a thousand battle fields. The echo has reached our shores, that those sturdy and turbulent Americans have heard our 'ear- piercing fife' — they have caught the distant sound of our 'spirit stirring drum' — and they will awe tiiose Yankee devils into submission." Mr. Chairman : When these sentiments from the North and South; from the States that con- tain the remains of two of the most distinguish- ed statesmen, as well as the ablest generals that ever led to victory the citizen soldier; one who in the Revolution heard the lyrant^s ''mormng drui )" with fear ? No, sir; such a suppo- sition would be an insult to the illustrious dead. The other heard their "spirit t-tirring drums" when but a buy in our Revolutionary struggle — with fear ? His whole career, in youth and man- hood — from the cradle to the grave — shows that tho heart of that man knew no fear, The now- sleeping Tennessean, though he saw her lion, though he heard her "morning drums," saw and heard them without dread, but with a warrior's " contempt and defiance of their prowess, and with a burning desire to avenge the injuries of his country upon her haughty oppressors. When these indications of timidity by representatives ■p tj i m] iii« li of the American people on the flour of Cuiigress shall reach the little Queen of FiOgland, ihry will efltjctiially erase from the royal iniritl every Bentimenl of alarm oxcitcd by the |Kitriolic speech of the war-worn veteran and slaicsman [General ('ass| in llic Seiiale; it will hi^ llie sijrnal for inirtli ano exullation. iliat the Anu-ri cans ••fear;" that a n prt'scntaiive in the Ain<' lican Contrross proclaims licr "title to Orcjion doubtful:" thai anoth(;r reprcseiilaiive linHdenicd that America has any "riyht or tith;" to Ore gon, hut "a ejaim only;" and tliat iier drums arc heard in the inorninjf "to rnltli' ail anmnd ihe world." Sir, the nentlemaii from Virtjinia | Mr. Pkniu.f.ton I ntjcd iioi lie under any solieitude for the repose of the youtht'ul Queen so rudely dis- turbed by the patriilie bearinu' aiul niilitarv iiinie of General Cvss; ihe iiidieaiiiiiis on ibis llior from so many irenllf^nien that willi ibein "dis- cretion is the belter part of valor," will efleetu- ally allay any appiein^nsious she may have in- duljjed. The j>enlleuian has so little reward to our rights m Oreiion, arul to our claim to that territory, tliat he says be would not ;j^ive the paper on wbicii tlie deed could l»e written for the "whole ol Oreifon" tn-niorrow — and why ! It is too iiir otf; wc don't want it; it is not worth a fig. Sir, was this the laniyruaoe of our Revolutionary sires when they resolved to resist the power of Great Jiritain ? Was it the lan- guage of the American people ai the purchase of Louisiana I Did they then say, this lerrito ry is too far away — we don't want it — it. is not worth a fig ? Jie says it will take some six or eight, or ten mouths, to go to Orecjon by nea; but I am told that we can go tlie wlnde distance of fifteen thousan. ^ in four months; while England has to go • twenty thousand; and we can make th ^ li-.-nJ journey of three thou sand miles from Nmv Vork in three months. One word as to the language used by the "-en- Mr. VVlNTIlKOP j tleman from MassachnstJtts, — not the venerable e.\-I*resident. There is a material difforenee in the opinions of the two gentl-.'men. This gentleman | a laugh] said that, on the whole, it was a little doubtful as to title, but he thought that, of the two, we had the bet- ter title. ]}ut then, he a.sks, are we going to turn savages, and fight Great Britain for such a strip of territory ? In his regular built speech he does nut say savages, but brutes. Are we going to turn brutes, and use mere brute force to support our title ? This may sound well from the representative of the city, in which it was resolved that it was unbecoraiiijr a moral and re- ligtous people to rejoice at the victories achieved by our gallant tars over the boasting "mistress of the seas," and from the portion of the Union that held out blue-lights to guide the fleets of the enemy; but it does not sound very well to an American ear, and is not very palatable to an American heart. He says, if we fight for Ore- gon, it will be a contest of mere brute force. 1 ask him, if Oregon is ours, and it shall come eventually to the last rcisurt of soverf whether he would not employ "brute fuggiei maintain the rights of his country ? Ouiji^ ;i employed "brute f tree" in a (pi»'Slion ijimci out of a trifling inx upon a few ponnd> ^j^., and that, loo, in IJosiou. the ocntlem;i [^y, cradle of liberty. |^ f,,, The K.epresenl:itivr of the Charleston ^r. I Mr. lIoi.MEs] acknowledges that he is jj^f. and ln' asks us if we went out with a ritlf^gn cue a stray sheep from the fangs of a wg'fs'n when We reached the s|Mtt, found our ^j^^ the .laws of the lion, whether we wonliijjt x\>^ afraid ton. and ijio back and ifot eight oi^q^ ^ ties more '. I vouM meet the figure use ^, gentleman, liy saying that our object is t(|j(| jii the lion from gotting hold of our " sheiii|*er llie g(Mitlem;m Iron Charleston is noi w jpno loan us his rille, and that .South Carolinsj flcg just what 1 want in this contest. It wnraftiH tiv<' ill 1770. in IHI'?, and why should iel'to in IH'IG? The genthMiian fnnn Virgintlfchi PKNnij;TON| endorses the declaraiionr^i i Representative of the Charleston disir^^tioi savs be too is al'ijiid. Well, sir, I ask x^n the created tliis sudden panic.' I rem(-m:ll ^nn once a British army invaded this Uistr;ti^ uj consiitned this cajuiol with fire. The gi et «* w from Virginia was then, probably, pkivgojnad sporting on the green lawn: or, s«rhoolli3btdiii was " bobbing" his pinhook, in hope olniJiy si iiig a " miimow" in the babbling brook. f^ coi he beard the biMiniing of the distant cauigfj'evei beheld ainr off the rimy smoke that mariMt| pro barbarian triumph of the invading inceriod, wi nay, was probably within bearing of tliHifJfelt, of the British drum, the mere thought (\n|erici now strikes terror to his heart. Onemijliiof tl imagined that the recollection of a flaim IdDuu t(»l, and the insolent triumphs of the roywt said midons, would have enkindled the fire I'oH.) tic indignation, and awakened an ardeiitwthe for an opportunity of avenging ourselv?Hi sir, the aggressor, and wiping out in his iiiaUng t meiTiory of his atrocities and his insolem, when the ghost of tijrmer days rises but in tc :tB|wli(lir,s that /((■ ;.s .' weril out with a rifl^ i>iTi the faiths of a vv tin- s|Hit, li)uiui our . wild her we witnli ck and ijcl HJa-Jit oi I UH't'l the ficnirc use •r that our oiiject is t(^ f licild of our " sliec Charleslou is not u eraiucd liy iMcuibers tit an Aiiit'ricaii as an ariiMinciit to dftcr it fr.tiii assort atioiuil rights ami lioimr. llou', I ask. 1 (leclarations of our inability lo defend ri^^his, and cope wiih an (incniy that our successfully )irapplcd with in infancy ■e had ;i distinct naiiouality, fall u|M)n of tho.sc veterans of the Uevolntioii, who er ainouust us? Will liu-y not be rca iicludc, and with reason, that this is ( that South (.'arolin5it''iJe!Tcni;rate ai^e, when liic roll of the IJri- ihis cont(>st. Ii. w; Aiuericaii |)eople then. panic / invaded le 111 arts of lh<> American |)e( I remeiiiiH lnrninjjj ltrih')ly fraternity of desjjots. France? She, tious gentlemen ;>ugh not nominally, is also in feeling and prin- to infect others v>\9 with them. .Viid wliy not submit the ques- } our hand at Old £a lielweeu us and fjieat Britain to the arbitra- th gasconading. Jittof any of these powers .' Because the end • resources, what d object of the Holy Alliance is lo check the , and what she KVitee of Republican principles throughout ihe ntlenien, if they aflf. And the feelings of the French Govern- notice, to cease unf|i| towards us and Republican principles, is well indicated by her recent conduct in , and her present wanton and unprovoked , in conjunction with Fiiigland, upon the tine Republic. Russia has been thought some as likely to be an impartial umpire, ere would be special reasons" for her lean- n this question, to the side 'of Great Bri- If the Wolverines, the Hoosiers, the Suck- ability and the jeople to defend il when assailed fi rful. Mr. CtAY, i submissionists wij ers, and the Buckeyes should settle in the prox- imity of o 4° 40', going lo a man for DeiiuM'ratit; principles, (as they use«l losing '• a Democratic wife or none at all") his Russian Majesty might not like s.ich people for near neighbors, but would intinitely preler the British. I would trust none (if thesiMiionarchs lor referees. But my friend from N'irginia is in favor of "a masterly inaeti- vit)'.*" I am really at some loss lo know what a "■ iir.isierlv inaciivily" is. I am i(dd by some genllemeii il is •" the American multiplication !al)le." The gentleman said ihat Mr. Polk and Mr. Bnchanaii never calculated on success by this rule, for Victoria and Peel were . The gentleman oughi lo have recollected that he too dues not seem very well to understand the rule of subtraction, fur he, like myself, has not practically h^arned that one I'ruie, two make three. (A langli.) My friend from the Tenth [iCgioii [Mr. Jij;u- i.NGKu,] says he is for a masterly inactivity: we must lie luw ; we most •' bide our time." VVail a liltlc.says the prudent gentleman — wait a litllo while — .lohn Bull is gelling to be an old man, and yon will soon be strong eiiou"b to copt; with liim, and get him down. I really did nut expect such an exhibition of Virginia tdiivalry. Do your bullies in Virginia wait till their adversaries get old and feeble, and then fall ah(iar.l of them. — This is a 'masterly inactivity." indeed ! Wail till John Dull is old and decrepid, and then you csin get him on his Itack, and gouge him at [ilea- siire! This is Virginia chivalry! Tiiis, then, is "'ma^lerly inactivity!" lint the gentleman explained himsidt'. Ho gave us a graphic sketch of the American eagle, and held him up as ;in example for our imitation, in our course aixiul Oregon. And what was this imperial bird, after all? A foolish fowl (if it was an eagle, ii must have been a very youn^ one,) that took his seat on a tall rock at Harper's F^erry, because he was afraid of a cloud that after- wards passed by without a drop of rain. ("A laugh.] If this is the gentleman's ■' masterly in- activity," I will have none of it. The gentleman the other day said he was speaking without his slasses.and could not discern the gentl(>man from Ohio, on the other side uf the hall. I would re- 9pe?tfuily ask of him whether he was without his glasses when lie saw that cowardly bird. I Laughter, j This Harper's Ferry eagle of his, has been sitting on that rock, with his wings folded in '• masterly inactivity," for nearly thirty years : — hul 1 would say to him : let us give this notiee — let us break the fetters that have so long paralyzed every movement of tliis noble bird, and then, unencumbered, he can .spread ids ma- jestic pinions to every breath of heaven — his flight will be upward and onward, breasting any and every storm — facing the, eye of day, until his glorious form shall be lost in the dazzling empyrean. We are told that there will be a war. Per- hajis yon may be able to convince us that there will be a war ; but this should not deter us from asserting our rights. The gentleman says we (irnat Britain. Oregon is ours; iind if war jrrou s out of ii, \\r an; reaijy for iIh! eoutt>sl," For myscir. i have no foars of thi? conlliot. True, il has not been iTiy h)t to uiiuirli- in \\\o strife of aeluai war, but I liavc bot'u familiar, siiioo cbiKliuKul, vvilh tho recital of the horrors of Indian atrocities — of the terrific war-wlioop and i have also witnessed the effect of the death-dftalintj rifle of the West. But I do fear, if we do not give this notice, and foll./w it up ity additional mtsasures, h^nirland, by our tardines-^, will got possession of fair and fertile Oregon. Tear! No; we were but in our in- fancy as a nation — when we liad but tliree mil- lions of people — and we eaiiu;lii the JJrilish lion by his sliawy beard, and made the dew-drops fall from his mane thieker than a summer shower. And are we to fear liiin now, wlu"i we have twenty millions, and means of oU'enee and de- fence in proportion? AVhat did we do in iHl2l We repeat(!d liie rouijh embraci-of TO, and sent him houlinij to lii-< den. And nou.fur one. I say, il he will fi^lu us attain, sooner than surren- der the prey he has tint his claws upon, let the contest come. But it has been said bi-rc that Kentucky and Tennessee are tiir in tlie interior, and thai even the sound of the lialtio will not reach us. True, our Slates are nut on the trontier; but 1 ask, if in the hour of peril and conflict, their hardy sons have not been found, wherever danger [)ressed their country's arms'? Were they not at New Or- leans? and upon what battle field en our Nor- thern frontier do not their bonts whiten in the sun 7 They were ever ready for the warlike strife, and never more so than at the present mo- ment, should their country demand their servi- ces. Fear ! No, before they would submit to that haughty and domineering power, which seeks to bow the entire globe to her sceptre, they will chearftdly hazard all the dangers of the light. But we are told we have no navy — no army — no cannon — no muskets — no munitions — no gene- rals. We have generals in Teimesaee ; and if we had none, l»y the grace of God. we would raise Gen. .Jackson's '* cocked hat upon a hickory pole," with the epiuleties he wore at New Or- leans, and its effect would be more magical than the standard of the Prophet of Mecca. Fifty thousand brave Tennesseeans would rally at the sight, and arm themselves for the battle. I am very sure the gallant gentleman from Alabama, FGen. McConnell] and the valiant gentleman from Missouri, [Mr. Sims] would soon be u|X)n the muster ground struggling for the poh;, (much laughter.) I had much more to say, but I perceive my time is rapidly running out. There is one thing in which I rejoice : I have seen throughout this entire debate that there is a fixed determination onall mdes of the Committee, not to make this a party question. It is truly a national] I cannot, and I will not, connent that it{ made a party question. It is strictly phatieally a National (piestiun, invnl rights, the inter.*st, ind the honor of th True, I have heard iMs stoutly denie i has been gravely asked, how is our lum' '^ated I where have the Hritish ever iiiv|j flag ' i{ut arc gentlemen not aware tli | lion may be insulted without having its II pled upon ? I would say there is a tjui which our honor as a icition was compr.^ and it is a burning, " murky" shame. Government has rested tamely so long i, ( allude to the burning of the Caroline j an American vessel was seized on Ameri- set on fir(\ cast off into the stream, and p:;J ted over the Falls of Niagara, with Amerij /ens enveloped in the flames of the doom.] sel. This was a case in which the .VJ honor vas deeply involved, and which haj been atoned for. Did timi; permit, I coul: to other instancer?. I am tliorl KMi nol iiwaro lli liiiiil haviiii^' il8 lli ly liiiTe is a (|ii(] itioii was compri Hirky" shaiiin, tamely so long iJ of the Caroiiiit 8(>ized on Ameri J he stream, and p:f (irara, witii Aitieri'i! inn's ot' tlio (louni.| in wliich the xi 'cd, and which iia nu! permit, I com! incf'd that the tin] est betvvppn us ;i, become inevitablt iiiiuiiced eyes, ffit*™ Leimblie to strenui "" rival in the cont^ we are her rival .nd iTiorn than all liainpion of fre e {i |l'y of the worn oii She never will y effort to prosirall nward march to St Iwlween libortj lifht.and knowing mntry for the cuJ arms. Bnt the nl re more than GOil nnessee every bol ho is sixteen. But a gentleman ! psoN ] has told usj one could oast eii| le entire world, and (pointinpf toS we have the Im men, our noble li| i>ur side, I am suitj |ns to show any 'a I confess, fur rhl, she is the ^| which I would 1 kold that we are bll la common ancesj 1 language. But |No enemies are! The union betwJ |ed by the tyrannij parent ; it is si [f her now only las done my countj